Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Discussed in this paper are the P-wave and S-wave zero-offset VSPs carried out utilizing boreholes located in Nada Ward, Kobe City, and Hokudan-cho, Hyogo Prefecture, as part of the deep layer boring survey following Hanshin Earthquake Disaster. This effort aims at the elucidation of P-wave and S-wave velocity structures, high-precision identification of data obtained by the surface reflection method, and collection of basic data for active faults investigation in the future. Among the velocity structures obtained for various layers, the S-wave velocity structures in particular agree with the stratigraphy excellently and may be utilized in seismic analyses to be conducted in the future. Reflection from geological boundaries is received with precision, providing accurate information about correlation between reflection and geological cross sections. The records will be useful in formulating plans for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The neutron capture cross sections of the stable molybdenum isotopes have been measured with high energy resolution (#DELTA#E/E < approximately 0.2%), between 3 and 90 keV neutron energy, at the 40 m station of ORELA. Average resonance parameters are extracted for s- and p-wave resonances. The s-wave neutron strength function is close to 0.5x10"-"4 for all isotopes, but the p-wave strength function exhibits a well defined peak near A approximately 95. Both s- and p-wave radiative widths decrease markedly as further neutrons are added to the closed shell. The p-wave radiative widths are generally greater than the s-wave widths showing the presence of non-statistical #gamma#-decay mechanisms. Valence neutron theory fails to explain the magnitude of the p- to s-wave radiative width disparity and doorway state processes are invoked. In particular, the data for "9"8Mo appear to violate the usual valence ...

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In attempting to detect and map out underground facilities, whether they be large-scale hardened deeply-buried targets (HDBT's) or small-scale tunnels for clandestine border or perimeter crossing, seismic imaging using reflections from the tunnel interface has been seen as one of the better ways to both detect and delineate tunnels from the surface. The large seismic impedance contrast at the tunnel/rock boundary should provide a strong, distinguishable seismic response, but in practice, such strong indicators are often lacking. One explanation for the lack of a good seismic reflection at such a strong contrast boundary is that the damage caused by the tunneling itself creates a zone of altered seismic properties that significantly changes the nature of this boundary. This report examines existing geomechanical data that define the extent of an excavation damage zone around underground tunnels, and the potential impact on rock properties such as P-wave and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A theoretical model is proposed for analyzing elastic scattering of 100-150 MeV #alpha#-particles on intermediate mass nuclei. It is shown that, within the scope of this model accounting for inhomogeneous target-nucleus density, an anomalous growth of differential cross section of elastic scattering in the region of average angles can be explained.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cross sections for elastic scattering of 12 GeV protons from "4"0Ca nuclei have been calculated using the flucton model. The influence of the collective flucton nucleon correlations on the calculated cross sections is examined. The calculated cross sections are in significant disagreement with the experimental data. This may be considered as an argument against the flucton model. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electron elastic and collisional excitation cross sections from the ground state of potassium are calculated using the noniterative integral-equation method of Henry, Rountree, and Smith [Comput. Phys. Commun. 23, 233 (1981)] in the electron energy range 4#<=#E#<=#200 eV. Configuration-interaction target wave functions that take account of correlation and polarization effects are used to represent the ground state and the six lowest excited states 4p "2P degree, 5s "2S, 3d "2D, 5p "2P degree, 4d "2D, and 6s "2S. Elastic and discrete excitation cross sections are obtained in a seven-state close-coupling (7CC) approximation. The 7CC elastic and excitation cross sections are compared and contrasted. Near threshold the elastic cross section dominates the resonance, 4s "2S#->#4p "2P degree, and the sum of the other ...

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Total (elastic+inelastic) cross sections for electron impact on FeO, Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} have been calculated in the energy range 20-5000 eV by employing the additivity rule which expresses the total cross section of a molecule as an incoherent sum over the total cross sections of the constituent atoms of the molecule. The electron-atom cross sections have been obtained by a complex optical potential method through partial-wave analysis. The total cross sections for all the oxides of iron exhibit a maximum around 30 eV. The inelastic cross sections are upper bounds to the corresponding ionisation cross sections. Bethe parameters for inelastic cross sections are given. ((orig.))

Science.gov (United States)

The results of measuring elastic ..pi../sup -/ d backward scattering, which emphasize the structure in the energy dependence of this cross section observed by us at slightly lower energies, are presented. Its possible theoretical interpretation is discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elastic scattering cross sections of keV protons in solids (Z=3-82) are calculated using the partial wave expansion technique and the ''muffin-tin'' bound-atom potential. The differential cross sections for small scattering angles of less than 10deg are smaller than those with the Ziegler-Biersack-Littmark potential at all energies and for all solids, although, for larger angles, the two cross sections agree with each other. The mean free paths of the protons in the solids, obtained from the total cross sections, decrease very slowly with decreasing energy. Furthermore, at low energies they approach half the nearest-neighbor distance, which is taken as the radius of the augmented plane wave sphere in the muffin-tin model of crystalline solids. (orig.).

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The dd{yields}{sup 4}He{eta} reaction has been investigated near threshold using the ANKE facility at COSY-Juelich. Both total and differential cross-sections have been measured at two excess energies, Q=2.6 MeV and 7.7 MeV, with a subthreshold measurement being undertaken at Q=-2.6 MeV to study the physical background. While consistent with isotropy at the lower energy, the angular distribution reveals a pronounced anisotropy at the higher one, indicating the presence of higher partial waves. Options for the decomposition into partial amplitudes and their consequences for the determination of the s-wave {eta}{alpha} scattering length are discussed. (orig.)

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Maximum cross-correlation techniques have been used with satellite data to estimate winds and sea surface velocities for several years. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is currently using a variation of the basic maximum cross-correlation technique, coupled with a deterministic application of a vector median filter, to measure transverse winds as a function of range and altitude from incoherent elastic backscatter lidar data taken throughout large volumes within the atmospheric boundary layer. Hourly representations of three- dimensional wind fields, derived from elastic lidar data taken during an air-quality study performed in a region of complex terrain near Sunland Park, New Mexico, are presented and compared with results from an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved laser doppler velocimeter. The wind fields showed persistent large scale eddies as well as general terrain following ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The cross sections for proton-proton elastic scattering at Fermilab and ISR energies are investigated in the framework of the multiple constituent scattering formalism, including the contributions of the inelastic intermediate states. We find that the higher-order multiple scattering amplitudes are strongly suppressed due to the presence of the inelastic intermediate states. The calculated cross sections reproduce the high energy experimental data fairly well. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High-resolution neutron capture cross section measurements of 55Mn were recently performed at GELINA by Schillebeeckx et al. (2005) and at ORELA by Guber et al. (2007). The analysis of the experimental data was performed with the computer code SAMMY using the Bayesian approach in the resonance parameters representation of the cross sections. The neutron transmission data taken in 1988 by Harvey et al. (2007) and not analyzed before were added to the SAMMY experimental data base. More than 95% of the s-wave resonances and more than 85% of the p-wave resonances were identified in the energy range up to 125 keV, leading to the neutron strength functions S0 = (3.90 0.78) x 10-4 and S1 = (0.45 0.08) x 10-4. About 25% of the d-wave resonances were identified with a possible strength function of S2 = 1.0 x 10-4. The capture cross section calculated at 0.0253 eV is 13.27 b, and the capture resonance integral is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The differential recoil cross sections of H have been determined for 1.5-3.0 MeV He"+ incidence. In order to obtain precise data, we have performed simultaneous detection and spectrum simulation of recoiled H and backscattered He. In addition, a careful cross check has been made by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The present results have revealed a pronounced contribution from a nuclear short-range interaction. The He"+ energy and recoil angle dependence of the H recoil cross sections are well reproduced by adding the nuclear term, which is simply derived from effective range theory. Our computer simulation program of elastic recoil combined with Rutherford backscattering spectra makes it possible to determine the depth distributions of H together with other elements absolutely, without any ambiguities. The present elastic recoil analysis is employed to determine the H ...

Science.gov (United States)

We discuss elastic electron-deuteron (ed) scattering beyond the Born approximation. The reaction amplitude contains six generalized form factors, but only three linearly independent combinations of them (generalized charge, quadrupole, and magnetic form factors) contribute to the reaction cross section in second-order perturbation theory. We examine the two-photon exchange and find that it includes two types of diagrams, where two virtual photons are interacting with the same nucleon and where the photons are interacting with different nucleons. It is shown that the two-photon-exchange amplitude is strongly connected with the deuteron wave function at short distances.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cross sections for the elastic and inelastic scattering of "1"6O on "5"8Ni, "8"8Sr, "4"0Ca, and "4"8Ca have been calculated in a coupled-channels treatment, including the low-lying 2"+ and 3"- states of both projectile and target. Real, energy-independent ion-ion potentials and form factors were used, and fusion was simulated by ingoing wave boundary conditions in all channels. The agreement with the measured scattering data is qualitatively as good as obtained in previous optical-model calculations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper reports measurements of absolute differential cross sections for the direct scattering of oxygen atoms by He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, H_2, N_2, O_2, CO, CO_2, H_2O, SO_2, NH_3, CH_4, CF_4, and SF_6 targets. The measured cross sections include contributions from all elastic and inelastic processes that result in a fast neutral oxygen atom product. Cross sections are presented for 0.5- and 1.5-keV projectile energies over the laboratory angular range 0.2 degree endash 5 degree. When compared in the center-of-mass reference frame, these cross sections exhibit a high degree of similarity in both amplitude and angular dependence. The cross sections for N_2, CO, CO_2, and H_2O are inverted using a partial-wave analysis to yield empirical interaction potentials, which can then be used to extrapolate the measurements down to lower energies. Using these potentials, ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ArgoNeuT, a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr-TPC), has recently collected thousands of neutrino and anti-neutrino events between 0.1 and 10 GeV in the NuMI beamline at Fermilab (FNAL). Among other issues, the experiment will measure the cross section of the neutrino and anti-neutrino Charged Current Quasi-Elastic (CCQE) interaction on Ar target and analyze the vertex activity associated with such events. Outcomes from the reconstruction of the events provide the main subject of this paper.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We have measured the K-shell ionization probability Psub(K) across the isobaric analog resonances in the elastic channel of the reactions /sup 88/Sr(p, p/sub 0/)/sup 88/Sr at 5.06 MeV and /sup 86/Sr(p, p/sub 0/)/sup 86/Sr at 6.02 MeV. The dependence of Psub(K) on the beam energy for two scattering angles 90/sup 0/ and 155/sup 0/ is analysed in the framework of the theory developed by Anholt et al. taking into account the effect of compound-nucleus scattering. A compound elastic cross section (dsigma/d..cap omega..)sub(CE)=40+-10 mb/se at the peak of the resonance is deduced in the reaction /sup 88/Sr+p at 5.06 MeV, while the experimental results agree with a negligible value of (dsigma/d..cap omega..)sub(CE) for the resonance in /sup 86/Sr+p at 6.02 MeV.

Science.gov (United States)

The strength, stiffness, and range of single-stranded stainless steel (SS) and superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires were compared with those of alternative leveling products, including nylon-coated and multistranded wires. Wire cross-sections were photographed after being potted in polymer, ground, and polished. Because the rectangular wires had rounded or beveled corners, gravimetric measurements and specific gravity calculations quantified the actual polygonal cross-sectional areas versus the ideal rectangular cross-sectional areas. Beveling reduced the cross-sectional areas by 7% to 8%; this decreased the wire stiffnesses by 15% to 19%. Using a testing machine, we measured the yield strengths, the elastic limits, and the ultimate tensile strengths in tension, and wire stiffnesses in 3-point bending. From cyclic loading tests, the elastic limits of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using a noneikonal expression for the two-body scattering amplitude, consistent with the proton-nucleon scattering data, the cross-section of the 1.04 GeV-proton elastic scattering on {sup 40}Ca is calculated by the Glauber-Sitenko theoretical scheme in the framework of the coherent density fluctuation model (CDFM) as well as of the independent-particle model (IPM). It is shown that the use of the noneikonal amplitude in the CDFM calculations improves the agreement with the experimental data especially at larger scattering angles in contrast to the case of the independent-particle model. To that end a decisive role play the zero-motion flucton correlations taken into account in the CDFM. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We develop the formalism of a unified semi-microscopic description of low-energy proton and {alpha}-particle interaction with nuclei. We analyze elastic and inelastic proton scattering at the energy 25.05 MeV and {alpha}-particle scattering at the energy 104 MeV by the {sup 90}Zr nucleus. Information is obtained on differences in the deformation of the proton and neutron distributions. We study the energy dependence of the semi-microscopic {alpha}-particle potential including the energy dependence of the potential geometry.'' We analyze the change in angular distributions of elastically scattered {alpha} particles with increase of energy and the contribution to the scattering cross section from nucleon-nucleon correlations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elastic scattering of 22 MeV alpha particles by "2"3Na, sup(24-25-26)Mg, "2"7Al and "2"8Si has been measured between 24"0 and 174"0 lab. Partial angular distributions, from 120"0 to 174"0, were also measured at incident energies of 18.4 and 20.7 MeV for "2"4Mg, and 18.9 and 20.5 MeV for "2"8Si. The most striking feature of the data is the large angle behaviour: spin-zero nuclei display more pronounced backward oscillations and the cross section rises more steeply towards 180"0 for 4n nuclei than for the others. (Z.M.).

Science.gov (United States)

... An explosive charge (exploding bridgewire (EBW) detonator) was used for the crosshole P-wave tests. For the crosshole S-wave tests a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viscoelasticity of gel films prepared from solvent-soluble constituents without ash of coal using the mixed solvent of carbon disulfide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (CS2-NMP) was measured to study the network structure of the constituents. In experiment, Upper Freeport coal and Zao Zhuang coal were used as specimens. Viscoelasticity of various gels with different weight fractions of solvent was measured by creep measurement under a fixed load and stress-strain analysis under variable loads. In the 2nd and 3rd creep measurements, although no large changes in elastic strain and viscoelastic strain were found, viscous strain gradually decreased with an increase in viscosity. In the case of small weight fraction of solvent, small viscous strain and viscoelastic strain were found, while slightly large elastic strain was found. It was thus suggested that this elastic strain is derived from not only physical ...

Science.gov (United States)

The ratio of the proton's electric to magnetic form factor, G{sub E}/G{sub M}, can be extracted in elastic electron-proton scattering by measuring cross sections, beam-target asymmetry, or recoil polarization. Separate determinations of G{sub E}/G{sub M} by cross sections and recoil polarization observables disagree for Q{sup 2}>1 (GeV/c){sup 2}. Measurement by a third technique might uncover an unknown systematic error in either of the previous measurements. The beam-target asymmetry has been measured for elastic electron-proton scattering at Q{sup 2} = 1.51 (GeV/c){sup 2} for target spin orientation aligned perpendicular to the beam momentum direction. This is the largest Q{sup 2} at which G{sub E}/G{sub M} has been determined by a beam-target asymmetry experiment. The result, {mu}G{sub E}/G{sub M}=0.884{+-}0.027{+-}0.029, is compared to previous world data.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Resonant scattering of atoms with formation of the Feshbach resonance in the presence of a laser radiation coupling the levels of two bound atoms (a molecule) is considered. The laser field leads to a second resonance in scattering and broadening of resonances, which facilitates the possibility of experimental observation of asymmetry of the total scattering cross-section arising because of interference between resonant and potential scatterings. The effects associated with interference of the two channels of decay of a bound system of two atoms (a molecule) in the laser field are studied. An expression is obtained for the scattering length in collision of two cold atoms in the field of laser radiation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Differential cross sections have been measured for the elastic and inelastic scattering of 104 MeV alpha-particles from /sup 90/,/sup 92/Zr. The experimental data are analyzed in terms of coupled channels on the basis of a flexible anharmonic vibrator model and using different parametrizations of the radial shape of the extended optical potential. The results favour the squared Saxon-Woods type for the real part. Additionally to a radial momentum analysis of the real potentials a semimicroscopic folding model has been invoked for extracting isoscalar quadrupole and hexadecapole transition rates.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We suggest a procedure for estimating uncertainties in neutron cross sections calculated with a nuclear model descriptive of a specific mass region. It applies standard error propagation techniques, using a model-parameter covariance matrix. Generally, available codes do not generate covariance information in conjunction with their fitting algorithms. Therefore, we resort to estimating a relative covariance matrix a posteriori from a statistical examination of the scatter of elemental parameter values about the regional representation. We numerically demonstrate our method by considering an optical-statistical model analysis of a body of total and elastic scattering data for the light fission-fragment mass region. In this example, strong uncertainty correlations emerge and they conspire to reduce estimated errors to some 50% of those obtained from a naive uncorrelated summation in quadrature. 37 references.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The neutron data required to completely analyze fission reactors includes many isotopes and covers a broad energy range. In both fast and thermal reactors, the neutron inventory is a fine balance determined by the fission properties of "2"3"5U, "2"3"9Pu and "2"3"8U and by the capture cross sections of "2"3"8U, fuel materials, structural materials and coolant materials. In fast reactors, the spectrum of neutrons ranges from 1 keV to 3 MeV and is influenced by the elastic and inelastic scattering properties of "2"3"8U and the structural and coolant materials. For neutron shielding applications, the important neutron data include the total cross sections of structural and coolant materials in the MeV range. The impact of these basic nuclear data in fission reactor applications is most suitably described by sensitivity analysis. For example, sensitivity coefficients computed for a typical large plutonium fueled fast reactor ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iron is one of the main constituents of stainless steel which is used as a structural material in nuclear reactors. In fast and conceptual fusion and fusion-fission hybrid systems the primary energy range of neutron interaction lies between 1 and 20 MeV which opens up several reaction channels. The reaction cross-sections in this energy range are important for dosimetry, radiation damage, neutronics and safety studies of nuclear reactors. Keeping this in view Nuclear Data Section of the International Atomic Energy Agency has sponsored a Research Co-ordination Programme on Methods for the Calculation of Fast Neutron Nuclear Data for Structural Elements. Under this programme we propose to study (n,n'), (n,2n), (n,3n), (n,p), (n,np), (n,pn), (n,#alpha#), (n,n#alpha#), (n,#alpha#n) and (n,#gamma#) reaction cross-sections. Besides these, total, elastic and discrete level inelastic scattering cross-sections, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Differential elastic and inelastic neutron-scattering cross sections of elemental iron are measured from 4.5 to 10 MeV in increments of {approx}0.5 MeV. The measurements are made at >or{approx}40 scattering angles distributed between {approx}17 and 160 , with emphasis on elastic scattering and inelastic scattering due to the excitation of the yrast 2{sup +} state. The measured data is combined with earlier lower-energy results from this laboratory, with recent high-precision {approx}9.5-15 MeV results from the Physikalisch. Technische Bundesanstalt and with selected values from the literature to provide a detailed neutron-scattering data base extending from {approx}1.5 to 26 MeV. This data is interpreted in the context of spherical-optical and coupled-channels (vibrational and rotational) models, and the physical implications are discussed. Deformation, coupling, asymmetry and dispersive effects are explored. A good ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We analyze cross sections for quasielastic inclusive scattering of electrons on nuclei and show that the observed isolated peaks for relatively low Q"2 are unique for the lightest targets. Focusing, in particular, on D and "4He, we investigate in two ways to what measure the above peaks can be allocated to nucleon-elastic processes. We first compute approximate upper limits for the nucleon-inelastic background in the quasielastic region due to inclusive #DELTA# excitation, and find those to be small. Far more precise is a semiphenomenological approach, where the dominance of nucleon-elastic processes is translated into a set of stringent requirements. We show that those are very well fulfilled for recent D data, and to a somewhat lesser extent for older D and "4He data. With knowledge of G_E_,_M"p and information on G_E"n, we then extract G_M"n and find agreement with values obtained by alternative methods. We discuss the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

11-MeV neutrons were elastically and inelastically scattered from eight single-closed-shell nuclei: three proton-vibrational nuclei with N = 50 ("8"8Sr, "9"0Zr, "9"2Mo) and five even-even neutron-vibrational nuclei ("1"1"6"-"1"2"4Sn) with Z = 50. Detection methods involving electronic discrimination against #gamma# rays, and time-of-flight techniques were used to measure the energy of the scattered neutrons. Data were taken from 15"0 to 150"0 in 5"0 intervals. Measured differential cross sections were normalized to the zero-degree neutron flux and corrected. An optical model (OM) analysis was used to fit the elastic data with the code GENOA, and potential parameters were obtained for each nucleus. The observed low-lying electric quadrupole (2"+) and octupole (3"-) states were collective in nature; the macroscopic or collective model for inelastic scattering was used to generate the differential ...

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In a forthcoming paper we describe a new approach to rapidity gap survival (RGS) in the production of high-mass systems (H = dijet, Higgs, etc.) in exclusive double-gap diffractive pp scattering, pp -> p + H + p. It is based on the idea that hard and soft interactions are approximately independent (QCD factorization), and allows us to calculate the RGS probability in a model-independent way in terms of the gluon generalized parton distributions (GPDs) in the colliding protons and the pp elastic scattering amplitude. Here we focus on the transverse momentum dependence of the cross section. By measuring the ''diffraction pattern'', one can perform detailed tests of the interplay of hard and soft interactions, and even extract information about the gluon GPD in the proton from the data.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Precisely measured differential cross sections for elastic and inelastic scattering from 104 MeV alpha-particles by /sup 48/Ca, /sup 50/Ti and /sup 52/Cr are reported. The analyses aim primarily at the determination of strength, radial shapes and deformation of the scattering potentials, looking for isotonic differences of N=28 isotones. The mean square radii of the (real) potentials are discussed in terms of mean square radius differences of the matter distributions. The isoscalar transition rates derived by coupled channel analyses of the measured cross sections are compared with electromagnetic rates. In addition to the analyses on the basis of a slightly generalized extended optical model a semi-microscopic deformed folding model has been applied, using a density-dependent effective alpha-bound nucleon interaction. Though an excellent description of the data over the full angular range is obtained the resulting values ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Differential cross sections of elastic scattering of 104 MeV #alpha# particles from "2"0"4,"2"0"6,"2"0"8Pb have been measured with high angular accuracy. The analyses are based on a folding model treating the proton and neutron distributions independently. The proton distributions were taken from precise electron scattering results. The neutron distributions were parametrized by a modified Gaussian the parametrers of which were varied in order to fit the experimental cross sections. The resulting rms radii of the neutron distributions exceed the rms radii of the proton distributions by #DELTA#r=0.22 +- 0.09 fm for "2"0"4Pb, #DELTA#r = 0.19 +- 0.09 fm for "2"0"6Pb, and #DELTA#r = 0.30 +- 0.07 fm for "2"0"8Pb.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

For the study of radiation biology and its application to radiotherapy, the double differential cross section of electron emission from water vapor induced by 6.0 MeV alpha particle beam is measured. The energy spectra of electrons ranging 7- 10000 eV are detected by the electrostatic analyzer and micro channel plate. The measurements are made at angles between 20 and 160 degrees. With use of this data set, the radial dose distribution in water is calculated by using KURBUC code. It is the Monte Carlo type code of the electron transport process, where the track of the electron is simulated through each individual interactions including elastic scattering, ionization cross section and total excitation cross section in case that electrons with certain energy are put in the liquid-density water. In order to understand the effect of radiation when the particle flux is injected in the human body like ...

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In the 14 MeV Neutron Laboratory, we have continued the development of a facility that is now the only one of its kind in operation in the United States. We have refined the klystron bunching system described in last year's report to the point that 1.2 nanosecond pulses have been directly measured. We have tested the pulse shape discrimination capability of our primary NE 213 neutron detector. We have converted the RF sweeper section of the beamline to a frequency of 1 MHz to replace the function of the high voltage pulser described in last year's report which proved to be difficult to maintain and unreliable in its operation. We have also overcome several other significant experimental difficulties, including a major problem with a vacuum leak in the main accelerator column. We have completed additional testing to prove the remainder of the generation and measurement systems, but overcoming some of these experimental difficulties has delayed the start of actual data ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The complex ghost introduced previously by the present author is studied from a standpoint whether its effects are observable by experiments or not. According to the theory of complex ghost the scattering cross section of two real particles shows some particular properties. It has a kind of resonance peak at a certain energy which does not conform to the Breit-Wigner formula. It has also a peak for a certain energy transfer, if there exist tachyons. The tachyon is a kind of ghost and is allowed to exist in the theory. Using these properties the complex ghosts are expected to be detected by experiments. The recently observed resonance psi(3.1) is supposed to be the complex ghost of photon, since they have the same quantum numbers. If it is assumed, some properties of the resonance known by experiments are explained naturally to a certain extent. Along the same line it is not unnatural to expect that the photon is also accompanied by a tachyon as a ghost. An ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Differential cross sections for 201.5 MeV proton scattering form /sup 88/Sr were measured. From the analysis of the elastic data, no unique optical-model potential could be obtained, but the radial moments are well determined. In a macroscopic analysis of the collective states it turns out that if the optical potential and transition potential are chosen consistently, unambiguous potential deformation lengths can be obtained even though the optical potential is not unique. Taking into account the range and density dependence of the underlying effective interaction reliable neutron deformation lengths can be obtained. For inelastic transitions of various character microscopic distorted-wave calculations with a density-dependent interaction based on the Paris potential were performed. The nuclear structure was taken from one broken-pair calculations in a large model space, calibrated by (e,e') data. In general a good description is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A silicon capacitive accelerometer was fabricated to detect subsurface elastic waves by using micromachining technology. Characteristics required for it call for capability of detecting acceleration with amplitudes from 0.1 to 1 gal and flat amplitude characteristics in frequency bands of 10 Hz to several kHz. For the purpose of measuring transition phenomena, linear phase characteristics in the required bands must be guaranteed, cross sensitivity must be small, and resistance to water, pressure and heat is demanded. Sensitivity of the sensor is determined finally by noise level in a detection circuit. The sensor`s minimum detection capability was 40 mgal in the case of the distance between a weight and an electrode being 3 {mu}m. This specification value is a value realizable by the current micromachining technology. Dimensions for the weight and other members were decided with the natural frequency to make band width 2 kHz set to 4 kHz. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Calculations in "7Li have been carried out for the differential coherent elastic scattering cross-section of thermal neutrons at a fixed scattering angle #theta#_0(148"o) and varying the energy of incident neutrons (or corresponding d-spacings). The results are reported, as variations of the ratio #SIGMA#_0"c"o"h (#theta#_0, d)/#SIGMA#_0"c"o"h (#theta#_0) with d-spacing, at atmospheric pressure and at two temperatures, 80 and 20 K. The calculations at 80 K correspond to BCC lithium whereas at 20 K all the possible crystallographic structures of polytype lithium (BCC, 9R, HCP and FCC) were considered. On comparing our results with the time-of-flight (TOF) measurements of Berliner et al. (Physical Review, B40, 12086, 1989) we find that up to 80 K lithium-7 does not undergo any martenistic transformation whereas the structural state at 20 K can be described by the co-existence of the original BCC phase with 9R, HCP and FCC closed packed ...

Science.gov (United States)

A control group of geese (Anser anser) on a normal calcium diet for egg laying poultry was compared to egg laying geese on a calcium deficient diet. The ultimate compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of femoral cortical bone from each group were determined by compressing right circular cylinders which were 2.4 mm in height and 0.8 mm in diameter. The bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity of tibial cortical bone were determined by three point bend tests on rectangular prisms which were approximately 25 mm by 0.8 mm by 0.8 mm. Bone calcium content and eggshell calcium content were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Blood samples were analyzed for free calcium ion concentration. Histological observations included studies of cross-sectional microradiographs, examinations of cross sections stained by a modified Masson's technique, and a determination of fractional area ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Outline: Discuss far-side weld problem and phased array techniques applied. Describe laboratory work on flawed piping specimens using L- and S-wave arrays and provide synopsis of results. Discuss conclusions ofr capability of phased array as applied to austenitic welds. Research Approach: Evaluate phased arrays on unifornly-welded piping specimens. Apply best methods to non-uniform welds. Correlate acoustic responses as function of weld microstructures.

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We calculate the S-wave scattering lengths for charmed mesons scattering off Goldstone bosons and explore their quark mass dependence using the chiral perturbation theory up to next-to-leading order as well as a unitarized version of it. The quark mass dependence of all scattering lengths determined in a recent lattice calculation can be reproduced by the unitarized version. We also discuss signals of possible bound states in these observables. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This thesis presents measurements of inelastic photoproduction and electroproduction of J/{psi} mesons in ep scattering at HERA. The data was collected by the H1 detector during the HERA II running and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of L {approx} 166 pb{sup -1} in the photoproduction analysis and L {approx} 315 pb{sup -1} in the electroproduction analysis. In both analyses the elasticity of the J/{psi} meson is restricted to a medium range of 0.3 {<=} z {<=} 0.9. The kinematic range of the photoproduction analysis is defined by Q{sup 2} {approx} 0 GeV{sup 2}, 60 {<=}W{sub {gamma}}{sub p}{<=} 240 GeV and P{sub {tau}}{sub ,{psi}}{>=} 1 GeV{sup 2}, whereas the electroproduction analysis is restricted to 3.6 {<=} Q{sup 2} {<=} 100 GeV{sup 2}, 50 {<=}W{sub {gamma}}{sub p}{<=} 225 GeV, and P{sup *}{sub {tau}}{sub ,} {sub {psi}} {>=} 1 GeV. Here P{sup *}{sub {tau}}{sub ,} {sub {psi}} denotes ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Previous ultrasound elasticity imaging experiments supported a generally accepted concept that the hardness of deep venous thrombi increases with thrombus aging. Results also showed that this...Full Text Available

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A pre-stack migration algorithm for elastic waves in two-dimensional variable-velocity media is developed, implemented, and tested. The algorithm operates in the time-space domain and is based on reverse-time finite-difference extrapolation of elastic waves. The algorithm is explained and demonstrated in the context of imaging of elastic vertical seismic profile data, but is applicable to any source-recorder geometry. Synthetic test examples include a point diffractor, laterally homogeneous layers, and the flank of a salt dome.

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Although studied for many years the nature of the light scalar mesons remains controversial. Here we shall present a method, applicable for s-wave states located close to a threshold, that allows one to quantify the molecular part of a given state. When applied to the f{sub 0}(980) a dominance of the molecular component is found. In the second part, we show that requirements of field-theoretic consistency and chiral symmetry, when applied to the scattering of light pseudo-scalars, naturally lead to the appearance of dynamical poles in the scalar sector. A program is proposed on how to further investigate experimentally the mixing between these dynamical states and possible genuine quark states. (orig.)

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The effective elastic constants of a superlattice composed of layers of orthorhombic symmetry (with principal axes along the superlattice axis) are derived. These results generalize previous determinations for elastically isotropic layers (Rytov, Akust. Zh. 2, 71 (1956) (Sov. Phys.: Acoust. 2, 68 (1956))), but a completely different approach is used.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We develop a large scale parallel viscous-elastic analysis program incorporating a mesoscopic self-consistent model developed by Laws. In the model, macroscopic elastic constants are treated as variables depending on the shape and statistical properties of pre-existing microscopic pores and change due to neutron irradiation. We apply this program to the visco-elastic analysis of nuclear graphite structures under neutron irradiation environment in High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR), as an example problem. Furthermore the calculated results by this parallel computational program are compared with those by one of commercial finite element analysis codes, FINAS, for validating elastic and thermal stress analysis function. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:19829557

Science.gov (United States)

Basic cross site scripting attacks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of density functional theory (DFT) and the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) at the level including all electrons, the lattice parameters of graphite are calculated and optimized. Some elastic wave velocities transmitted in graphite are deduced. Using the methods of elastic wave velocity method and the atomic displacement method, the Debye frequency of graphite is obtained. The standard heat capacity, entropy, sublimation enthalpy of graphite is deduced at 289.5 k and 1 atm. The calculated results are discussed and compared with experimental data. (authors)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of elastic and plastic strains on the magnetic properties of ferrite-pearlite steels has been studied. It has been shown that the sensitivity to elastic-tensile and bending strains is four to five times greater for remnant magnetization than for coercive force. In order to determine the degree of cold plastic deformation of high-carbon steels, a two-parametric testing technique based on the use of remnant magnetization and coercive force was suggested. An MMT-2 device was recommended for measurement of the required parameters.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984. p. I37. Germany Antonov, AN Christov, CV Petkov, IZ Bylgarska

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AbstractMicrobial capsules are important for virulence, but their architecture and physical properties are poorly understood. The human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans...Full Text Available

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The authors consider the dynamics of interacting elastic disks in the plane. This is an experimentally realizable two-dimensional model of dry granular flow where the stresses can be visualized using the photoelastic effect. As the elastic disks move in a vacuum, they interact through collisions with each other and with the surrounding geometry. Because of the finite propagation speed of deformations inside each grain it can be difficult to capture computationally even simple experiments involving just a few interacting grains. The goal of this project is to improve our ability to simulate dense granular flow in complex geometry. They begin this process by reviewing some past work, how they can improve upon previous work. the focus of this project is on capturing the elastic dynamics of each grain in an approximate, computationally tractable, model that can be coupled to a molecular dynamics scheme.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... functions intermediate structure isobaric analogs level widths mev range

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russian 1984. p. 351. USSR Burtebaev, NT Dujsebaev, AD Ivanov, GN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(21 Jan 1974). Netherlands Lega, J. Macq, PC Louvain Univ. (Belgium)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

During the 2007 Niigataken Chuetsu-oki earthquake, strong ground motion with the peak acceleration of 680 cm/s/s which was larger than that of the empirical prediction was recorded at the base mat of the No.1 reactor building of Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station (NPS). Furthermore, in the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa NPS, over twice difference of 680 vs. 322 cm/s/s of peak acceleration between the No.1 and the No.6 reactor buildings was observed on the base mat. From the results of recent research, it is suggested that the deep sedimentary layers can be one of the important factors to elucidate these phenomena. In this study, at first, the applicability of microtremor array measurements for estimation of deep S-wave velocity structure (#approx#Vs=3 km/s layer) are discussed. Vertical microtremors were observed in three arrays at the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa NPS with the maximum station spacings of 3.04 km, 1.49 km and 0.75 km, respectively. The Rayleigh wave phase velocity ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss the consequence of local duality for elastic scattering, and derive a model-independent equation between structure functions at x ? 1 and elastic electromagnetic form factors. Then the electromagnetic form factors of proton are discussed using the quark-hadron duality theory. We also debate the form factor of proton in a bound state. It may be an effective approach to study the form factor of proton in media.

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Migration-based methods have been recently proposed to improve the estimation of angle-dependent reflectivity in the presence of complex structures. An anisotropic prestack reverse-time migration is developed to estimate the reflectivity as function of the local illumination angle. This migration method generates four simultaneous images which corresponds to the in-depth (local) plane-wave response for PP, PS, SP and SS reflections, and can be used in a Zoeppritz-based elastic inversion scheme. (author)

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This book presents topics on: Density of rocks and minerals, includes histograms of density ranges; elastic constants of minerals, elastic moduli, thermal properties; inelastic properties, strength and rheology for rocks and minerals, rock mechanics and friction, and stress-strain relations; radioactivity, decay constants and heat production of isotope systems in geology; seismic attenuation, in rocks, minerals, and the earth, with application to oil exploration and terrestrial studies; and index.

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Organic modification of aerogel chemical formulations is known to transfer desirable hydrophobicity to lightweight solids. However, the effects of chemical modification on other material constants such as elasticity, compliance, and sound dampening present a difficult optimization problem. Here a statistical treatment of a 9-variable optimization is accomplished with multiple regression and an artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN shows 95 percent prediction success for the entire data set of elasticity, compared to a multidimensional linear regression which shows a maximum correlation coefficient, R=0.782. In this case, using the Number of Categories Criterion for the standard multiple regression, traditional statistical methods can distinguish fewer than 1.83 categories (high and low elasticity) and cannot group or cluster the data to give more refined partitions. A non-linear surface requires at least 3 categories ...

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The Focused-Ion-Beam (FIB) is a powerful tool for fast, precision cross-sectioning and inspection of submicron defects in multilayered integrated circuit devices. However, the low contrast between the layers in FIB cross-sections can make the feature of interest difficult to observe, which has become a limitation for FIB cross-sectioning. A technique using plasma etch to decorate the FIB cross-sections has proven to be a simple solution to overcome this limitation.

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... compton spectrometers cross sections energy resolution energy-level transitions

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AimsThis article provides a brief review of recent cross-cultural research on personality traits at both individual and culture levels, highlighting the relevance...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In previous work, on cooling from 300 K to 10 K the elastic moduli for both #alpha#- and #delta#-Pu dropped 30%. This large change may reflect effects of 5f-electron localization. In this work, the elastic moduli at ambient temperature of several Pu-Ga alloys were measured using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS). The strong temperature dependence of the bulk and shear modulus and the temperature independence of Poisson's ratio was confirmed and the upper temperature limit for #alpha#-Pu was extended to 360 K. Measurements of the time dependence of the shear moduli of Pu and Pu-2.36 at.% Ga were determined with high precision as a function of time and temperature. Using a model for time dependence of point defects, we determined the exponential time constant at ambient temperature for such variations. The low temperature results are consistent with Fluss .

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

General expressions for the interlattice displacements of the A-15 structure compounds are obtained in terms of the strain components making use of the deformation theory. The nature of the interlattice displacements of all the 8 atoms in the unit cell is discussed. It is found that the interlattice displacements occur in such a way that the pair of atoms along any linear chain move in opposite directions with equal magnitudes. Expression for the strain energy of these compounds is developed using deformation theory and this is compared with the strain energy expression from continuum theory to obtain the elastic constants. The theoretical values of the elastic constants fairly agree with the experimental values for V_3Si, V_3Ge and Nb_3Sn. (author).

CERN Document Server

The nucleation and propagation of hydrofractures by injection of over pressured fluids in an elastic and isotropic medium are studied experimentally. Non-Newtonian fluids are injected inside a gelatine whose mechanical properties are assumed isotropic at the experimental strain rates. Linear elastic theory predicts that plastic deformation associated to breakage of gelatin bonds is limited to a small zone ahead of the tip of the propagating fracture and that propagation will be maintained while the fluid pressure exceeds the normal stress to the fracture walls (Ch\\'avez-\\'Alvarez,2008) (i.e., the minimum compressive stress), resulting in a single mode I fracture geometry. However, we observed the propagation of fractures type II and III as well as nucleation of secondary fractures, with oblique to perpendicular trajectories with respect to the initial fracture. In the Video (http://hdl.handle.net/1813/14122) experimental evidence shows that ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study estimates the electricity demand function for the residential sector of South Korea with the aim of examining the effects of improved energy efficiency, structural factors and household lifestyles on electricity consumption. In the study, time series data for the period from 1973 to 2007 is used in a structural time series model to estimate the long-term price and income elasticities and annual growth of underlying energy demand trend (UEDT) at the end of the estimation period. The result shows a long-term income elasticity of 1.33 and a long-term price elasticity of -0.27% with -0.93% as the percentage growth of UEDT at the end of the estimation period. This result suggests that, in order to encourage energy efficiency in the residential sector, the government should complement the market based pricing policies with non-market policies such as minimum energy efficiency standards and public enlightenment.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This study estimates the electricity demand function for the residential sector of South Korea with the aim of examining the effects of improved energy efficiency, structural factors and household lifestyles on electricity consumption. In the study, time series data for the period from 1973 to 2007 is used in a structural time series model to estimate the long-term price and income elasticities and annual growth of underlying energy demand trend (UEDT) at the end of the estimation period. The result shows a long-term income elasticity of 1.33 and a long-term price elasticity of -0.27% with -0.93% as the percentage growth of UEDT at the end of the estimation period. This result suggests that, in order to encourage energy efficiency in the residential sector, the government should complement...

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The purpose of our research program is to understand the influence of elastic misfit strain and applied stress on the development of microstructure in two-phase coherent alloys. The long-term goal of our research is to identify those material parameters that promote microstructural stability in multiphase systems at elevated temperatures. Our efforts since the last progress report in February 1991 have been twofold. First, we have continued performing coarsening simulations of elastically and diffusionally interacting particles in an infinite matrix. In addition, we have been performing simulations of unstressed systems during coarsening. Secondly, we have begun to develop an experimental component to the research that would allow a careful comparison between theory, computer simulations and experiment. We have continued to focus our computer simulations of stressed systems on elastically homogeneous and isotropic systems ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A new method is described for continuously measuring cell turgor pressure (P), hydraulic conductivity (L_p), and volumetric elastic modulus (ε) in higher plant cells, using a pressure...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Advanced aerospace vehicles and system components tend to be slim and elastic, ...... In the manufacturing sector, semiconductor manufacturing requires ... The energy generation and storage for modern-day sensor networks, ...... Current NASA roadmaps point towards development of new hydrocarbon fueled engines. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Angular distributions of "6Li+"6Li elastic scattering were measured for E_l_a_b=5-40 MeV. An optical model analysis of these data together with older data of "7Li+"7Li elastic scattering taken at E_l_a_b = 8-17 MeV was performed with the aim to search for a ''global'' OM potential which describes elastic scattering in both Li-Li systems in a broad energy range. Both surface and volume absorbing potentials can be found which fulfill this requirement if a linear energy dependence is assumed of the depths of the real as well as the imaginary potential. These depths, if fitted to individual angular distributions, are found to vary in a correlated manner with the beam energy. This is taken as indication of strong coupling between elastic, inelastic, and reaction channels. This is corroborated by the existence of resonances in reaction channels at these energies where the potential depths are most ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... mev range 100-1000 molybdenum 92 molybdenum 92 target nuclear radii

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As part of a larger elastic numerical modeling project, we have been investigating how energy reflected from steeply dipping interfaces is recorded using typical multicomponent acquisition geometries. Specifically, we have been interpreting how rcflection events from the flanks of salt dome structures are distributed on 3C and 4C phones for vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and ocean bottom seismic (OBS) or land surface surveys. The ultimate goal of this investigation is to improve the structural imaging of steeply dipping interfaces and eventually to evaluate the usc of the recorded elastic wavefield for fluid description near these interfaces. In the current work, we focus on a common assumption used when processing converted wave reflection seismic data that most PP energy is recorded on the vertical geophone and/or the hydrophone and that most PS energy is recorded on the horizontal geophones. This is a useful assumption when it is valid, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Failure of bone under monotonic and cyclic loading is related to the bone mineral density, the quality of the bone matrix and the evolution of microcracks. The theory of linear elastic fracture...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The capture cross sections of Am 242m can be deduced from resonances analysis at low energy and computed with theoretical models at high energy. In this work, a coherent set of cross sections which reproduced the experimental values of the fission cross sections is computed. These calculations were performed for an energy of the incoming neutron between 1 keV and 1 MeV.

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:16966350

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

I have analyzed reduced neutron widths (#GAMMA#_n"0) for the subset of 1245 resonances in the nuclear data ensemble (NDE) for which they have been reported. Random matrix theory (RMT) predicts for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) that these widths should follow a #chi#"2 distribution having one degree of freedom (#nu# = 1) - the Porter Thomas (PT) distribution. Using the maximum-likelihood (ML) technique, I have determined that the #GAMMA#_n"0 values in the NDE are best described by a #chi#"2 distribution having #nu# =0.801 #+-# 0.052, which is 3.8 standard deviations smaller than predicted by RMT. I show that this striking disagreement is most likely due to the inclusion of significant p-wave contamination to the supposedly pure s-wave NDE. Furthermore, when an energy-dependent threshold is used to remove the p-wave contamination, ML analysis yields #nu# = 1.217 #+-# 0.092 for the remaining data, still in poor agreement with the RMT prediction for the GOE. ...

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Smoothness-constrained least-squares technique with ABIC minimization was applied to the inversion of phase velocity of surface waves during geophysical exploration, to confirm its usefulness. Since this study aimed mainly at the applicability of the technique, Love wave was used which is easier to treat theoretically than Rayleigh wave. Stable successive approximation solutions could be obtained by the repeated improvement of velocity model of S-wave, and an objective model with high reliability could be determined. While, for the inversion with simple minimization of the residuals squares sum, stable solutions could be obtained by the repeated improvement, but the judgment of convergence was very hard due to the smoothness-constraint, which might make the obtained model in a state of over-fitting. In this study, Love wave was used to examine the applicability of the smoothness-constrained least-squares technique with ABIC minimization. Applicability of this to ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The 1.04 GeV-proton elastic scattering from "4"0Ca is studied in the framework of the coherent density fluctuation model (CDFM). The calculations are carried out in the Glauber theoretical scheme with three different charge densities. It is shown that: i) the account of the flucton correlations leads to results considerably different from those obtained in the independent particle Glauber approach (IPGA); ii) in contrast to the case of IPGA the use of a more realistic density improves the agreement of CDPM-results with the experimental data. (orig.).

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Metallic multilayers offer a fantastic playground to investigate elastic stresses in films of nanometer thickness. We will present and discuss a few examples from our recent work on Au-Ni and Ag-Cu systems where we combined plate bending measurements and electron or X-ray diffraction to investigate stress buildup and interfacial mixing. Comparing these two cases we discuss the results with respect to basic parameters like the misfits in lattice parameters and in elastic moduli, the mixing enthalpies and the surface energies.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nano-materials in which a large fraction of atoms resides within a few atomic layers near the surface can be designed to have novel properties by manipulating their surface parameters. We show that the effective elastic constants of nano-porous/cellular materials can be made to exceed those of the parent materials provided the pore surface elastic parameters satisfy certain conditions. These stiff nano-porous materials herald a radical breakthrough in sandwich-type construction.

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Characterization of high temperature superconducting film and bulk samples has been carried out using 2 MeV [alpha]-particle Rutherford backscattering, 2.4 MeV proton elastic scattering, 2.4 MeV proton-induced x-ray emission, 9 MeV proton induced [gamma]-ray emission and 100 MeV iodine elastic recoil detection analysis techniques. The objective was to compare different ion beam based techniques for: (i) compositional analysis; and (ii) consistency of the results obtained for samples prepared using similar preparation methodology. (author).

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We present results from ab-initio electronic-structure calculations of mechanical properties of the rhombohedral phase of vanadium reported in recent experiments (R Ia), and other predicted high-pressure phases (R Ib and bcc), focusing on properties relevant to dynamic experiments. We find that of the three transitions the largest volume collapse (1.3%) is for the R Ia to R Ib transition. Calculations of the single crystal and polycrystal elastic constants reveal a remarkably small discontinuity across the phase transitions even at zero temperature where the transitions are first order.

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The analyzing power has been measured for elastic scattering of vector-polarized deuterons from /sup 92,94,96/Zr and /sup 92/Mo at E/sub d/ = 12 MeV. Previous measurements on /sup 88/Sr and /sup 98/Mo have been extended. The present data combined with published measurements on /sup 90,91/Zr and /sup 76,78,80,82/Se show that these angular distributions can be explained only if one considers both collective and neutron structure-dependent effects.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A computer method that calculates tracheal cross-sectional area by compensating for partial volume averaging was developed and validated in a study with phantoms. The program was then used to determine the tracheal cross-sectional area of 30 normal children who ranged in age from four months to 18 years. CT-derived cross sections were correlated with age, height, weight, and body-surface area, and they were compared with findings of published clinical and post-mortem studies. CT cross-sectional areas ranged from 20 to 275 mm/sup 2/, varied by as much as 22% at the three different tracheal levels studied, and appeared to correlate most closely with body height. CT-derived tracheal cross-sectional areas are quite similar to those in published reports of postmortem and clinical studies. Measurements of tracheal cross section by CT may prove useful in quantitating ...

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A non-invasive diagnostic tool that could identify malignancy in situ and in real time would have a major impact on the detection and treatment of cancer. We have developed and are testing early prototypes of an optical biopsy system (OBS) for detection of cancer and other tissue pathologies. The OBS invokes a unique approach to optical diagnosis of tissue pathologies based on the elastic scattering properties, over a wide range of wavelengths, of the microscopic structure of the tissue. The use of elastic scattering as the key to optical tissue diagnostics in the OBS is based on the fact that many tissue pathologies, including a majority of cancer forms, manifest significant architectural changes at the cellular and sub-cellular level. Since the cellular components that cause elastic scattering have dimensions typically on the order of visible to near-IR wavelengths, the elastic (Mie) scattering ...

Science.gov (United States)

Multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis (MF-DXA) has been developed to detect the long-range power-law cross-correlation of considered signals in the presence of non-stationarity. However, crossovers arising from extrinsic periodic trends make the scaling behavior difficult to analyze. We introduce a Fourier filtering method to eliminate the trend effects and systematically investigate the multifractal cross-correlation of simulated and real traffic signals. The crossover locations are found approximately corresponding to the periods of underlying trend. Traffic velocity on one road and flows on adjacent roads show strong cross-correlation. They also present weak multifractality after periodic trends are removed. The traffic velocity and flow are cross-correlated in opposite directions which is accordant to their actual evolution.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveTo investigate the associations between intimate partner violence, rape and HIV among South African men.DesignCross-sectional study involving...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The aim of this study was to compare the hemodynamic and ventilatory effects of prolonged infrarenal aortic cross-clamping in pigs undergoing either laparotomy or laparoscopy. 18 pigs were used for...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The high-energy reaction cross sections of Li and Be isotopes are calculated using a simplified Glauber model and densities constrained by the empirical binding energies. We find excellent agreement with experiment, reproducing the large increase for the most neutron-rich nuclei.

CERN Document Server

Light vector meson leptoproduction is analyzed on the basis of the generalized parton distributions. Our results on the cross section and spin effects are in good agrement with experiment at HERA, COMPASS and HERMES energies. Predictions for $A_{UT}$ asymmetry for various reactions are presented.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In an attempt to establish if cross protection can be induced by different strains of Haemophilus parasuis, three groups of 12 gnotobiotic pigs were immunized each with an aluminum hydroxide adsorbed...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss and the concentration of host-derived bone resorptive factors (interleukin-1 beta, tumor...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Verheij (1980) described how the frequency domain could be exploited using cross spectral density measurements to measure the flexural ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Although other authors had made cross-spectral density measurements, Corcos pointed to the importance of this function as indicative of the true ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... mixing coupled channel theory differential cross sections excited states helium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Total M X-ray cross sections for 12 elements in atomic range 70#<=#Z#<=#92 were measured at 5.96 keV Mn K X-ray photon energy. The average M shell fluorescence yields (anti #omega#_M) of these elements have also been observed using the presently measured cross section values and the theoretical M shell photoionisation cross section values. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The L-subshell and total M-shell X-ray production cross sections of Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi have been measured by protons of energy between 0.7 and 2.4 MeV. The obtained results for X-ray production cross sections have been compared with the existing experimental data, prediction of the ECPSSR theory and also with fitted empirical cross sections of Strivay and Weber.

Science.gov (United States)

... as the now-famous Missionaries and Cannibals task: three missionaries and three cannibals must cross a river. They have ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crossed electron-ion beams technique was used to measure absolute cross sections for single ionization of Ar"2"+, Kr"2"+ and Xe"2"+ ions at electron energies ranging from threshold to 2000 eV. In contrast to some previous measurements, the metastable contents of the ion beams were small even in the case of Xe"2"+. All measured cross section curves show significant contributions from excitation-autoionization and possibly direct ionization of inner-shell electrons. There is evidence for resonance-excitation-double-autoionization in the case of Xe"2"+. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recently, the development of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators, in the forms of wire, thin film and stent have been found increasingly in the fields of materials science and smart structures and engineering. The increase in attraction for using these materials is due to their many unique materials, mechanical, thermal and thermal-mechanical properties, which in turn, evolve their subsequent shape memory, pseudo-elasticity and super-elasticity properties. In this paper, a common type of SMA actuator, Nitinol wires, were embedded into advanced composite structures to modulate the structural dynamic responses, in terms of natural frequency and damping ratio by using its shape memory and pseudo-elastic properties. A simple theoretical model is introduced to estimate the natural frequency of the structures before and after actuating the embedded SMA wires. The damping ratios of different SMA composite beams were measured ...

Science.gov (United States)

The ultimate compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of femoral cortical bone from adult geese (Anser anser), were determined by sex and by quadrant by compressing small right circular cylinders which were 2.4 mm in height and 0.8 mm in diameter. The average ultimate compressive strength was 183 +/- 29 MPa. The average modulus of elasticity was 13.2 +/- 3.4 GPa. The bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity were determined by a three point bend test on rectangular prisms which had the approximate dimensions 0.75 mm X 0.75 mm X 25 mm. The average bending strength was 263 +/- 44 MPa while the average bending modulus was 19.6 +/- 3.1 GPa. The calcium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and no correlation was found with the mechanical properties. The histology of the cortical bone was examined both quantitatively and qualitatively. A unique type of Haversian bone is described. Goose ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kevlar 49/epoxy laminates often exhibit substantial material nonlinearity when subjected to bending. This is a consequence of the yeild-like behavior of a Kevlar 49/epoxy lamina in fiber-directed compression. In this paper, analyses that utilize a simple idealization of compressive yielding are described and calculated results for Kevlar 49 reinforced beams and rings are compared with available data. First, results of a finite element analysis of a thin, unidirectionally reinforced ring subjected to diametral compression are presented. This analysis uses beam elements that incorporate linear tensile and elastic-perfectly plastic compressive behavior. Then a method used to analyze quasi-isotropic beams tested in four-point bending is discussed. This finite element analysis uses a layered shell element with a lamina constitutive model that permits elastic-perfectly plastic response to fiber-directed compression, but otherwise assumes linear ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this Letter, we study the structural, elastic and electronic properties of perovskite semiconductor SrTiO_3 using two different methods: the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method and the pseudo-potential plane wave (PP-PW) scheme in the frame of generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We have evaluated the ground state quantities such as lattice parameter, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative as well as the elastic constants. Also, we have presented the results of the band structure, densities of states and charge densities. These results were in favourable agreement with previous theoretical works and the existing experimental data. To complete the fundamental characteristics of this compound we have analyzed the thermodynamic properties such as thermal expansion coefficient, and specific heats in the whole pressure range from 0 to 20 GPa and temperature range from 0 to 1200 K.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This research involves the development of an analysis which yielded recommendations regarding the plate thickness at which the effects of transverse shear become significant enough to be taken into consideration during vibration testing of composite plates. The specimens designed using this analysis are to be used for the {open_quotes}inverse{close_quotes} problem of determining through-the-thickness elastic constants as well as in-plane elastic constants from modal vibration response data. The effects of transverse shear were studied over the range of practical plate aspect ratios (length to thickness ratios) and mode numbers. Behavior of composite plates ranging from isotropic to highly orthotropic was studied in order to investigate the effects of transverse shear. Orthotropic plates having in-plane dimensions of 254 x 254 mm and thicknesses varying from 10 mm to 80 mm, with free-free edge boundary conditions, were considered. A methodology ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study we extend the analysis of magnetopause crossings observed with Magnetospheric Plasma Analyzer measurements to examine a much larger statistical data set. This study examines 39 maiznetosheath/LLBL intervals from 79 spacecraft-months of observations: these observations were taken from a survey of data from the start of each spacecraft mission and extending through March 1993. In contrast to the previous findings, we find no evidence for a significant dawn/dusk asymmetry in geosynchronous magnetopause crossings.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crabbing of an incident photon beam from a laser, and the electron beam with which it interacts at the conversion point, is shown to have the same efficiency as in head-on Compton scattering, but with the advantages of a crossing geometry. The resulting #gamma#-ray beam is also crabbed, which allows for a crossing collision point, while maintaining the luminosity at the same value it would have in a head-on collision.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crabbing of an incident photon beam from a laser, and the electron beam with which it interacts at the conversion point, is shown to have the same efficiency as in head-on Compton scattering, but with the advantages of a crossing geometry. The resulting #gamma#-ray beam is also crabbed, which allows for a crossing collision point, while maintaining the luminosity at the same value it would have in a head-on collision. ((orig.)).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A multi-group neutron-gamma cross-section library in DTF-IV format is supplemented with electron production matrix to generate a coupled neutron-gamma-electron library. This is realized by estimating the contributions from Compton scattering, pair production and photoelectric effect to the electron production cross-sections. A novel application of this new library, which involves transport of neutrons, gammas and electrons, for estimating the Compton current due to a pulse of radiation in air is discussed.

CERN Document Server

A macroscopic realization of the strange virtual particles is presented. The classical Helmholtz and the quantum mechanical Schr\\"odinger equations are analogous differential equations. Their imaginary solutions are called evanescent modes in the case of elastic and electromagnetic fields. In the case of non-relativistic quantum mechanical fields they are called tunneling solutions. The imaginary solutions of this differential equation point to strange consequences: They are non local, they are not observable, and they described as virtual particles. During the last two decades QED calculations of the imaginary solutions have been experimentally confirmed for phonons, photons, and for electrons. The experimental proofs of the predictions of the non-relativistic quantum mechanics and of the Wigner phase time approach for the elastic, the electromagnetic and the Schr\\"odinger fields will be presented in this article. The results are zero ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This work describes the ability of ion beam analysis techniques IBA to simultaneously determine the concentration and the possible depth profile of some light elements, such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, in matrices of high atomic number Z, such as stainless steel materials. In fact, the nitriding process of some materials has the potential to improve their tribological and mechanical properties and to offer various advantages as compared with other methods used in the modification of surfaces. Gas and Plasma nitriding were applied to certain types of steel, such as AISI-304 and H-13 which are commonly used in the industry, in order to improve their hardness and their surface corrosion resistance. The improvement was correlated with the depth profile of N and the consequent structure variations. More specifically, non-Rutherford elastic backscattering (alpha, alpha) at 5 MeV was performed on different samples, before and after nitriding, in order to determine the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A series of SiAlON materials with a cordierite-based matrix were annealed for different lengths of time to cause crystallization of the glass phase. Their fracture toughness, hardness, and elastic modulus were measured from room temperature up to 1100"0C. The fracture toughness generally decreased with temperature. Short time annealing raised toughness at lower temperatures, while further annealing lowered it back to the value for as-hot pressed materials. At higher test temperatures annealing had no effect on toughness. This annealing behavior is significantly different from that previously reported in the system SaAlON-YAG. Hardness decreased monotonically with temperature for all samples. Both hardness and the elastic modulus were not affected by the annealing treatment. At elevated temperatures appreciable scatter of modulus results allowed only a rough trend of decrease with temperature to be observed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dense samples of #beta#-sialons (with z from 1 to 4) were pressuressly sintered for different time (15-240 minutes) and at relatively low temperature of 1600 C using single-phase #beta#-sialon powders synthesized by combustion nitridation. The samples were characterized using ultrasonic method for determination of elastic properties (E,G,#mu#). Also, hardness by Knoop and fracture toughness by Vickers indentation microfracture method was estimated. With increasing z number Young's modulus decreases from 293 to 179 GPa. Simultaneously Poisson ratio increases by about 30%. The highest values of hardness and fracture toughness were obtained for sialon with z equal to 1. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The simultaneous hydrogen and silicon atom densities in amorphous silicon, a-Si, films prepared by the glow discharge technique have been measured by 25 MeV #alpha#-particle elastic scattering. Integrated band intensities for the silicon-hydrogen stretching modes, #omega#_1sup(s) and #omega#_2sup(s) in the region 1800 to 2200 cm"-"1 were determined for the same freely supported films. A similar analysis has been carried out for the bands observed at 890, 840 and 640 cm"-_1. Effective oscillator strengths for the #omega#_1sup(s) and #omega#_2sup(s) modes in a-Si films have been estimated and compared with the current theories on the effect of the silicon matrix on the infrared absorption characteristics. (author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study, the authors evaluated how much price changes in food and energy - two basic living expenditures competing for consumers' budgets - would affect consumer welfare. We first estimated a US complete demand system to quantify the interdependent demand relationships among 11 categories of consumption expenditures. Among the estimates, the own price elasticities of both food and energy are relatively inelastic, a finding that explains the dynamics of the recent soaring food and energy prices. The estimated demand elasticities were then incorporated into the measurement of Hicksian compensating variation to analyse the consumer welfare effects of price changes in food and energy. The results indicated that an increase in food and energy prices would increase compensated expenditures...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It has been shown that two-dimensional arrays of rigid or fluidlike cylinders in a fluid or a gas define, in the limit of large wavelengths, a class of acoustic metamaterials whose effective parameters (sound velocity and density) can be tailored up to a certain limit. This work goes a step further by considering arrays of solid cylinders in which the elastic properties of cylinders are taken into account. We have also treated mixtures of two different elastic cylinders. It is shown that both effects broaden the range of acoustic parameters available for designing metamaterials. For example, it is predicted that metamaterials with perfect matching of impedance with air are now possible by using aerogel and rigid cylinders equally distributed in a square lattice. As a potential application of the proposed metamaterial, we present a gradient index lens for airborne sound (i.e. a sonic Wood lens) whose functionality is demonstrated by multiple ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The survival of acetabular components depends on several factors: wear, osteolysis and septic or aseptic loosening. Osteolysis seems to be the main cause for concern in cementless arthroplasties. Acetabular osteolysis results from particle debris and segmental unloading of acetabular bone by rigid sockets. We investigated a cementless elastic monoblock socket with regard to acetabular osteolysis and aseptic loosening in a cohort of young patients. We evaluated 158 hip arthroplasties with a minimum follow-up of ten?years (ten to 18) and a mean age of 42?years (18?50). The overall revision rate at 14?years was 80% with a 98% survival rate for aseptic loosening. The mean polyethylene wear rate was 0.11?mm/year. Progressive acetabular osteolysis was seen in 3% of patients evaluated. In conclus...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Research preformed consisted of: (1) publication of an experimental paper for the n + {sup 40}Ar high resolution total cross section and submission of a theoretical paper dealing with the prediction of the average parameters deduced from the the data; (2) preliminary R-matrix analysis of the neutron total cross section data for the n + {sup 208}Pb systems, up to an energy of 1.7 MeV; (3) completed the analysis of neutron total cross section of data for n + {sup 54}Fe up to energy of 500 keV, with j{sup {pi}} values confirmed, in most cases, by differential scattering data; (4) analysis of total cross section data for the n + {sup 88}Sr system up to an energy of 175 keV; (5) development of a graphical interface for the code RFUNC, used to calculate the differential scattering cross sections, for comparison with measurements.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The experimental details for measurements of the single event burnout (SEB) cross section of power MOSFET are described in case of ions irradiation of "1"6O, "3"5Cl, "7"9Br, and highly stripped charge state ion "1"2"7I, therefore the curves of the SEB cross section vs. linear energy transfer (LET) values were obtained. The measurements of the SEB cross section for 10 pieces devices of two types were carried out. The laws of the SEB at the different drain-source voltage V_D_S and different grid-source voltage V_G_S were demonstrated. The SEB cross section for "1"2"7I is higher than for "7"9Br by two orders of magnitude nearly at same condition. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents two imaging methods by using cross correlation. The one method images the subsurface by cross-correlation of the observed data and partial derivative seismograms calculated for a guessed model. The other method images the interface by use of cross-correlation of the virtual sources and the back propagated wave fields calculated from the observed data. Experimental tests show that both methods image subsurface interfaces well even if the guessed model is different from the true one. These imaging methods are reverse time migration that we perform cross-correlation as an imaging condition and have an advantage, as compared to conventional waveform inversion method, that images subsurface structure without iterative perturbation of the assumed model. (author). 18 refs., 15 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

When a shortened enzymatic version of the Tetrahymena self-splicing intervening sequence (IVS) RNA is placed under catalytic conditions and irradiated at 254 nm, a covalent cross-link forms with high efficiency. The position of the cross-link was mapped by using three independent methods: RNase H digestion, primer extension with reverse transcriptase, and partial hydrolysis of end-labeled RNA. The cross-link is chemically unusual in that it joins two adenosines, A57 and A95. Formation of this cross-link depends upon the identity and concentration of divalent cations present and upon heat-cool renaturation of the IVS in a manner that parallels conditions required for optimal catalytic activity. Furthermore, cross-linking requires the presence of sequences within the core structure, which is conserved among group I intervening sequences and necessary for catalytic activity. Together ...

ScienceCinema

...and it's really a pleasure to ...you and ...and for ...was shelled and then doses of pleasure for me to ...and my director general ...? and journal article ? ...but and yeah well that's um ? ...and ...and what could be achieved ? what might be the consequences ...? and ...and ...and ...and ...and ...structural because and ...over and hopefully is also serve the purpose to get ...principles and ...and ...and ...how to use them and future ...and and that ...and purposes and that's very important ...you and ...and ...and in the future ? and yeah ...true and ...and ...just and and and and and the order of nuclear physics a ...useful and ...too much ? and ...portable comes from and ...and ...and ...and ...no more ? how to knowledge and the and ...and ...and and keep ever seen all of all ? ...and ...and ...and what you're ...and ...and ...and you and ...and ...and ...and so when you keep that and and ...and ...? and ...and ...and ...the problems and the other side ? ...door and a ...and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The effects of gamma irradiation at 0.2#approx#0.4 Mrad and condition for processing of buckwheat noodles on sensory quality and physical properties were investigated. The results were as follows: (1) Sensory evaluation of buckwheat noodles, prepared with the 70 % ratio of buckwheat flour, was decreased according to an increase of irradiation dose of buckwheat flour. Hardness and adhesiveness of buckwheat noodles caused by irradiation should be given large effect to the texture. Elasticity of buckwheat noodles was linearly decreased with increasing of irradiation dose of buckwheat flour, and elasticity of buckwheat noodles was decreased about 15 % by an increase of irradiation dose at 0.3 Mrad. (2) Maximum torque in Farinograph test was linearly decreased with increasing of irradiation dose of buckwheat flour, and maximum torque was decreased about 3 % by increasing of irradiation dose with 0.1 Mrad. (3) Sensory evaluation was also decreased by ...

Science.gov (United States)

A method is presented for calculating the thermal stability of blast furnace coke over a wide range of sizes, based on a study of the coke behaviour pattern in the blast furnace and the change in its thermo-elastic properties during reheating. Using as an example a Novolipetsk metallurgical plant, the possibility was demonstrated of using the thermal stability index calculated by the proposed method for an unambiguous assessment of the quality of blast furnace coke.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

It is shown that elastic scattering data for protons of 100-200 MeV are consistent with an absorptive potential that is stronger in the nuclear interior and of the slightly shorter range than is usually assumend, which is more in agreement with microscopically calcuated potentials. Consequences for certain (p,p') and (e,e'p) reactions are shown. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The correlation between superconductivity and structural transformation in the A-15 compounds are examined in a unified way on the basis of the Gor'kov three-dimensional model and the anisotropic pairing interaction. The temperature dependence of the elastic modulus, the strain order parameter and the energy gaps of superconductivity are obtained and compared with the experimental data. (auth.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Rayleigh scattering of Moessbauer radiation has been measured on highly oriented fibres of Na-hyaluronate at different hydration levels. The elastic- and-inelastic-scattering intensities, measured as a function of the scattering vector Q, have provided information on the dynamic structuring of the water molecules to the polysaccharidic chains.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the origin of Bloom-Gilman duality and the relationship between resonances and scaling in deep-inelastic scattering. We present a simple quantum mechanical model which reproduces the essential features of Bloom-Gilman duality at low Q{sup 2}, and describe applications of local duality relating structure functions at x{approximately}1 and elastic electromagnetic form factors.

Science.gov (United States)

It is suggested that the large reduction of the superconducting transition temperature Tc due to defects observed experimentally in some A-15 compounds is caused by smearing of a high peak in the density of states at the Fermi level. The influence of defects on other physical properties (the magnetic susceptibility ?, the elastic modulus Cs, the structural transformation temperature Tm and the electrical resistivity ?) is also discussed from the same point of view. We expect the anomalous temperature dependence of ?, Cs and ? will be suppressed by defects.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, a probabilistic seismic risk analysis of the Wolsung NPP containment building was performed by a seismic hazard analysis and a seismic fragility analysis based on the nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses. The conventional seismic fragility analysis of the safety related structures in a NPP have been performed by using the linear elastic analysis results. The probabilistic seismic risk of the containment building was 5.19e-8.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

It is shown that low-frequency elastic vibrations of near-surface planar defects cause high-frequency ultrasonic radiation in surrounding air. The frequency conversion mechanism is concerned with contact nonlinearity of the defect vibrations and provides efficient generation of air-coupled higher-order ultraharmonics, ultrasubharmonics, and combination frequencies. The nonlinear air-coupled ultrasonic emission is applied for location and high-resolution imaging of damage-induced defects in a variety of solid materials.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nanocrystalline materials can exhibit properties which are considerably different from their coarse-grained counterparts, making them unique for basic or applied research and also very promising for potential applications. The topics which are addressed in the present paper are magnetic properties and magnetic correlations on the nanometer scale, mechanical properties, in particular the influence of grain boundaries on the elastic and plastic behaviour, and vibration models of grain boundary atoms in nanostructured materials. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The macroscopic behavior of magnetostrictive materials results from domain evolutions occurring at a microscopic scale. The author shows how to compute magnetization and magnetostriction curves by appraising the behavior of the underlying microstructures. The method hinges on an averaging device (Young measures), which allows one to pass from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale. He takes into account the kinematical constraints on the accommodation of elastic effects, and he highlights the role of material symmetry in the selection of energetically optimal microstructures.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Phased array provides many advantages over conventional ultrasonic testing method, but phased array has also limitations. This paper describes typical results of the experimental sound field analysis generated from the array probe. A photo-elastic ultrasonic visualization technique was applied in this study. The sound fields of shear wave generated from the array probe was equivalent to that from the fixed angle probe. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Glasses in the system (1 - x) [29Na{sub 2}O- 4Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}- 67B{sub 2}O{sub 3}]- xZnO (0 {<=} x {<=} 35 mol%), have been prepared by the melt quenching technique. Elastic properties, X-ray and FT-IR spectroscopic studies have been employed to study the role of ZnO on the structure of the investigated glass system. Elastic properties and Debye temperature have been investigated using sound wave velocity measurements at 4 MHz at room temperature. The results showed that the density increases and the molar volume decreases while both sound velocities and the determined glass transition temperatures decrease with increase in x. X-ray and infrared spectra of the glasses reveal that the borate network consists of diborate units and is affected by the increase in the concentration of ZnO content. These results are interpreted in terms of the decrease in the N{sub 4} values (fraction of tetrahedral coordinated boron atoms), and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

With the help of the symmetry at the P point, we have determined the relations between the force constants and the moduli of elasticity for A-15 compounds. Based on these relations, a semi-experimental method for the study of the lattice dynamic behaviors of A-15 compounds is developed. Numerical calculations of the phonon spectrum of Nb/sub 3/Sn and its temperature dependence have been made, and they are in good agreement with the experimental data.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper contains a numerical evaluation of the expressions for the absorptive potential in heavy ion reactions given earlier. With a standard folding expression for the real part of the ion-ion potential general good agreement is found with experimental data for the angular distributions of elastic and inelastic scattering. Special interest is attached to the case of "1"6O + "2"8Si where the calculated imaginary potential is very small at low bombarding energies. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A theoretical background of crosshole reflection imaging with pre stack, multi-mode reverse time migration has been investigated. The crosshole migration has been carried out by solving two-way scalar wave equation with finite difference approximation. The wave field extrapolation was performed backward in time, with the imaging condition applied at each extrapolation time step to create partial image of the reflector. The complete migrated image was obtained by adding all the partial images from each time step. With multi-component crosshole data available, it is possible to separate the recorded data into primary P- and S-wave field. Separating wave field before migration is helpful in enhancing migrated image quality since only one wave mode can be dealt at a time with the scalar wave equation. It is possible to migrate mixed-mode primary reflections(P-S and S-P) as well as pure mode ones. These multi-mode migrations provide not only image data redundancy but ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this report, I surveyed physics potential of the #gamma##gamma# option of a linear e"+e"- collider with the following questions in mind: What new discovery can be expected at a #gamma##gamma# collider in addition to what will be learned at its 'parent' e"+e"- linear collider? By taking account of the hard energy spectrum and polarization of colliding photons, produced by Compton back-scattering of laser light off incoming e"- beams, we find that a #gamma##gamma# collider is most powerful when new physics appears in the neutral spin-zero channel at an invariant mass below about 80% of the c.m. energy of the colliding e"-e"- system. If a light Higgs boson exists, its properties can be studied in detail, and if its heavier partners or a heavy Higgs boson exists in the above mass range, they may be discovered at a #gamma##gamma# collider. CP property of the scalar sector can be explored in detail by making use of linear polarization of the colliding photons, decay angular correlations ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to evaluate dynamic behavior of underground cracks, analysis and detection were attempted on multiple acoustic emission (AE) events. The multiple AE is a phenomenon in which multiple AE signals generated by underground cracks developed in an extremely short time interval are superimposed, and observed as one AE event. The multiple AE signal consists of two AE signals, whereas the second P-wave is supposed to have been inputted before the first S-wave is inputted. The first P-wave is inputted first, where linear three-dimensional particle movements are observed, but the movements are made random due to scattering and sensor characteristics. When the second P-wave is inputted, the linear particle movements are observed again, but are superimposed with the existing input signals and become multiple AE, which creates poor S/N ratio. The multiple AE detection determines it a multiple AE event when three conditions are met, i. e. a condition of equivalent time ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the possibility of kaon condensation in the dense interior of neutron stars through the s-wave interaction of kaons with nucleons. We include nucleon-nucleon interactions by using simple parametrizations of realistic forces, and include electrons and muons in #beta#-equilibrium. The equation of state above the condensate threshold is derived in the mean field approximation. The conditions under which kaon condensed cores undergo a transition to quark matter containing strange quarks are also established.The critical density for kaon condensation lies in the range (2.3-5.0)#rho#_0, where #rho#_0=0.16 fm"-"3 is the equilibrium density of nuclear matter. The critical density depends largely on the value of the strangeness content of the proton, the size of which is controversial. For too large a value of the strangeness content, matter with a kaon condensate is not sufficiently stiff to support the lower limit of 1.44 M_o_e_d_o_t for a neutron star. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of radiochemical detectors in the A approx. = 90 mass region to measure 14 MeV neutron fluences is investigated from the standpoint of cross section sensitivities. Specifically, /sup 90/Zr and /sup 89/Y neutron-induced cascades leading to the production of /sup 89/Zr, /sup 88/Zr, /sup 88/Y, and /sup 87/Y are studied in a one-energy-group approximation, and the sensitivities of the measured ratios R/sub Z/ = /sup 88/Zr//sup 89/Zr and R/sub Y/ = /sup 87/Y//sup 88/Y to the input cross sections are delineated. The most sensitive cross section in each cascade is the cross section that dominates the production of the final isotope in the chain. Only one of the isomeric levels in /sup 90/Zr contributes importantly to the Zr cascade. Burnback (n,..gamma..) and burnup (n,p) reactions are also considered. The (n,..gamma..) effects are small, but (n,p) effects can be substantial due to low energy ...

CERN Document Server

The production of X-ray radiation with a high degree of circular polarization constitutes an important goal at XFEL facilities. A simple scheme to obtain circular polarization control with crossed undulators has been proposed so far. In its simplest configuration the crossed undulators consist of pair of short planar undulators in crossed position separated by an electromagnetic phase shifter. An advantage of this configuration is a fast helicity switching. A drawback is that a high degree of circular polarization (over 90%) can only be achieved for lengths of the insertion devices significantly shorter than the gain length, i.e. at output power significantly lower than the saturation power level. The obvious and technically possible extension considered in this paper, is to use a setup with two or more crossed undulators separated by phase shifters. This cascade crossed undulator ...

Science.gov (United States)

The differential cross section measurements for /sup 241/Am, /sup 242m/Am and /sup 243/Am are reviewed in the energy range from 0.5 eV to 10 keV. Parameters extracted from resonance analysis, such as the neutron strength function, the average level spacing, the average capture and fission widths, are compared for the various measurements. The average capture and fission cross sections from 100 eV to 10 keV are directly compared. The status of the data set is discussed with suggestions for further measurements. 24 references.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The global effect of activation cross-section uncertainties on calculated radiological quantities is investigated for the first time using a methodology based on Monte Carlo random sampling. The method is applied to the calculation of the uncertainty in the contact dose rate from the gunite shielding of the National Ignition Facility chamber after 30 yr of pulsed irradiation. Some critical cross section contributing significantly to the overall uncertainty are identified. By a reasonable reduction of the uncertainty in those cross sections, the accuracy in the calculated total contact dose rate is greatly improved.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nucleosynthesis and energy production in stellar environments depend critically on nuclear reaction cross sections. Reactions induced by alpha particles are important in the helium burning stage of stars, novae, and supernovae events. They involve light to medium weight nuclei up to about Z=32, and center-of-mass energies up to about 20 MeV. We are working on a project to compile and evaluate cross section data for alpha-induced reactions. These data will eventually be used to derive #alpha#-nucleus potential parameters. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Total photon attenuation coefficients near absorption edges are determined in certain suitable elements and compounds. Photoelectric cross sections for elements are deduced from these by subtracting the coherent and incoherent scattering cross sections as well as other elemental cross sections in the cases of compounds. Certain deviations are observed on comparison with the available theoretical and experimental compilations. The I/sub L//sub #alpha#//Il x-ray intensity ratio measured by photon excitation near threshold is found to agree better with the theory than the other available experimental data.

Science.gov (United States)

... The lateral cross spectral density measurements are normalized on the autospectrum. Frequency is normalized on r3 , and we take Uc _" 0.7 U0 . ...

Science.gov (United States)

... charge carriers in strained p-Ge in crossed electric and magnetic fields was studied by means of measurements of spontaneous radiation intensity. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A numerical optimization technique is used to obtain low-energy momentum transfer, j = 0 [yields] 2 rotational and v = 0 [yields] vibrational sections from measured electron swarm data for parahydrogen. The downhill simplex algorithm is used to find cross sections that represent the best numerical fit to the measured electron drift velocity and characteristic energy over a range of E/N. These results, which are in excellent agreement with published cross sections derived using traditional swarm analysis techniques, demonstrates the feasibility of using automated computational algorithms for swarm analysis involving the estimation of multiple cross sections. (Author).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundCharacterizing and comparing the determinant of cotinine concentrations in different populations should facilitate a better understanding of smoking patterns and addiction....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This bibliography lists unclassified publications of work done at the Los Alamos National Laboratory for 1988. The entries, which are subdivided by broad subject categories, are cross-referenced with an author index and a numeric index.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Jun 1972). United States Woolson, WA Las Vegas, Nev. 18 Jun 1972.

Science.gov (United States)

Experimental measurements were made of the production cross sections and energy distributions of gamma rays emitted when the stable targets /sup 88/Sr, /sup 89/Y and /sup 90/Zr are exposed to protons in the energy range 3 to 8 MeV. The data are being analyzed using a recent version of the Uhl statistical model code. One conclusion is that while the gamma-ray strength functions employed reproduce the proton capture cross sections, they do not achieve the same degree of hardness observed in the measured spectra. To do so, their lower energy regions must be modified; such changes, however, do not affect the capture cross sections. 7 references.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Because resistance to new insecticides may develop rapidly and cross resistance is often encountered, even between insecticides of different classes, there is a continual demand for the development...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The photon-proton total cross section has been measured in the process e{sup +}p{yields}e{sup +}{gamma}p{yields}e{sup +}X with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Events were collected with photon virtuality Q{sup 2}<0.02 GeV{sup 2} and average {gamma}p center-of-mass energy W{sub {gamma}}{sub p}=209 GeV in a dedicated run, designed to control systematic effects, with an integrated luminosity of 49 nb{sup -1}. The measured total cross section is {sigma}{sub tot}{sup {gamma}}{sup p}=174{+-}1 (stat.){+-}13 (syst.) {mu}b. The energy dependence of the cross section is compatible with parameterizations of high-energy pp and pp-bar data.

Science.gov (United States)

In the first paper of this series a formal theory of atomic scattering of electrons in the presence of an intense electromagnetic field was given. Cross sections, near the forward direction, between atomic states (modified by the laser) were obtained. However, it was assumed that the atom could not emit spontaneous radiation. In this paper the effect of spontaneous radiation is included, and it is shown that in most cases the measured cross section will be a weighted average of the two different cross sections starting from the two different initial states which are those atomic states resonantly linked by the laser. The Born approximation for the scattering is obtained, and it is shown that for the simplest description of the spontaneous radiation field the effect of the laser on the cross sections is simply to multiply them by a factor which depends upon the laser detuning. (AIP)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The properties of negative-ion beams are very important for designing negative-ion apparatus and applications of negative-ion beams, especially, electron detachment cross-sections at the interaction between negative-ion beams and gas particles in the transport system, and secondary-electron emission factors when negative ions are incident on solid surfaces. These properties of negative-ion beams were investigated experimentally as a function of the ion energy under 50 keV. The single electron detachment cross-sections are almost constant in the other of 10"-"1"5 cm"2 in this energy range, but double electron detachment cross-sections increase in proportion to the ion velocity and much smaller than the single one. As for the secondary-electron emission factor, the emission factors for negative-ion beam are found to be larger by 1 than those for positive-ion beams. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this project is to investigate the dependence of the cross sections for dissociative electron attachment to a molecule on the initial rovibrational state of the molecule. An enhancement of the cross section results in the enhancement of the rate of production of negative ion beams. Preliminary investigations reveal that for lithium dimers, Li/sub 2/, the peak attachment cross sections can increase by almost an order of magnitude if the molecule is initially vibrationally excited to the v = 1 level. Excitation to higher vibrational levels would result in further enhancement of the attachment rates. As part of present investigations, the cross sections for vibrational excitation of various molecules, using both resonant and nonresonant mechanisms is calculated.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Using indigenously developed computer program, coupled neutron gamma multi-group libraries have been generated from MA TXS-NJOY files. The MATXS format contains all the details for each reaction. Temperature and dilution factor dependent cross-sections have been generated and used in discrete ordinates method for benchmark studies of fast critical experiments. We have analyzed criticality benchmarks, which includes CSEWG fast critical benchmarks, "2"3"3U and Pu spheres and enriched uranium spheres using 30-group neutron cross-sections. Neutron and gamma spectra for spheres with point neutron source at the center, are also calculated with 42-group coupled neutron gamma cross-sections. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Measurements of absolute differential cross sections for H"+-H_2 direct, single-, and double-charge-transfer scattering at 0.5, 1.5, and 5.0 keV are reported at laboratory scattering angles less than 1 degree with an angular resolution of approximately 0.02 degree. The cross sections exhibit deep interference oscillations in single-charge-transfer scattering, but no such oscillations are present in direct and double-charge-transfer scattering. Theoretical cross sections derived using the diatoms-in-molecules method to describe the molecular states in a semiclassical molecular-orbital three-state close-coupling model within a semiclassical framework agree satisfactorily with the experimental results.

Science.gov (United States)

... Mineral and Organic Matter in the Coastal and Near-Coastal Ocean. ... Personal Author(s) : Stavn, Robert H. ; Spiering, Bruce A. ; Gould, Richard W ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Jun 1972). United States Greene, NM Mynatt, FR Las Vegas, Nev. 18 Jun

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A characteristic of filled elastomers is their ability to undergo very large deformations without damaging their internal structure. The material behaviour is mainly elastic, however, elastomers show hysteresis effects leading to damping properties, which are quite important as regards their applications in various fields of mechanical engineering.A series of experiments (tension, torsion and combinations of both) was carried out on cylindrical bars made of a carbon-black filled rubber mixture. In addition to a pronounced nonlinear rate-dependence, relaxation and viscosity properties are observed as being influenced by the process histories.The behaviour of elastomeric materials is modelled on the basis of a free energy function and evolution equations for additional internal variables. Incorporating or disregarding the very small rate-independent hysteresis, the constitutive modelling may be classified under viscoplasticity or viscoelasticity. The constitutive ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Control of thermal expansion is often necessary in the design and selection of electronic packages. In some instances, it is desirable to have a coefficient of thermal expansion intermediate between values readily attainable with single or two phase materials. The addition of a third phase in the form of fillers, whiskers, or fibers can be used to attain intermediate expansions. To help design the thermal expansion of multiphase materials for specific applications, a closed form model has been developed that accurately predicts the effective elastic properties of isotropic filled materials and transversely isotropic lamina. Properties of filled matrix materials are used as inputs to the lamina model to obtain the composite elastic properties as a function of the volume fraction of each phase. Hybrid composites with two or more fiber types are easily handled with this model. This paper reports that results for glass, quartz, and Kevlar fibers ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Method is proposed for expanding the pile foundation elastic analysis method (displacement method) to cover a larger displacement region, and its appropriateness is verified by a field test. In this report, stability calculation is discussed in which the present displacement method is expanded by assuming an equivalent plastic hinge on the pile head and by replacing the soil spring in the large displacement region with an equivalent linear elastic spring. A static horizontal loading test is conducted for a foundation using a real pile, which is an application of this method. On the assumption that a hinge is generated on the pile head, the pile spring constant of the current displacement method is replaced with a value that takes into consideration the plastic hinge region, and this enables the analysis of pile behavior even after breakdown. This method is applied to the result of a loading test using a real foundation, and it is found that it ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper presents the first results on formation and study of structure and properties of micro- and nanocomposite combined coatings. By means of modeling the deposition processes (deposition conditions, current density-discharge, plasma composition and density, voltage) we formed the three-layer nanocomposite coatings of Ti-Al-N/Ti-N/Al_2O_3. The coating composition, structure and properties were studied using physical and nuclear-physical methods. The Rutherford proton and helium ion backscattering, scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, as well as nanohardness tests (hardness) were used. Measurements of wear resistance and corrosion resistance in NaCl, HCl and H_2SO_4 solutions were also performed. For testing mechanical properties such characteristics of layered structures as hardness H, elastic modulus E: H"3/E"2 etc. were measured. It is demonstrated that the formed three-layer nanocomposite coatings have ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent advances in elastic-plastic fracture mechanics have made it possible to assess the stability of cracks in ductile piping systems. These technological developments have been used by Ontario Hydro as the nucleus of an approach for demonstrating that CANDU primary heat transport piping systems will not break catastrophically; at worst they would leak at a detectable rate. This leak-before-break approach has been taken on the Darlington nuclear generating station as a design stage alternative to the provision of pipe whip restraints on large diameter, primary heat transport system piping. Positive conclusions reached via this approach are considered sufficient to exclude the requirement to provide protective devices, such as pipe whip restraints. In arriving at the proposed leak-before-break approach a review of current and proposed leak-before-break licensing positions of other jurisdictions (particularly those in the United States and the Federal Republic of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This work describes the ability of ion beam analysis techniques IBA to simultaneously determine the concentration and the possible depth profile of some light elements, such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, in matrices of high atomic number Z, such as stainless steel materials. In fact, the nitriding process of some materials has the potential to improve their tribological and mechanical properties and to offer various advantages as compared with other methods used in the modification of surfaces. Gas and Plasma nitriding were applied to certain types of steel, such as AISI-304 and H-13 which are commonly used in the industry, in order to improve their hardness and their surface corrosion resistance. The improvement was correlated with the depth profile of N and the consequent structure variations. More specifically, non-Rutherford elastic backscattering (alpha, alpha) at 5 MeV was performed on different samples, before and after nitriding, in order to determine the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Formulation is introduced for discretizing a boundary integral equation into an indirect boundary element method for the solution of 3-dimensional topographic problems. Yokoi and Takenaka propose an analytical solution-capable reference solution (solution for the half space elastic body with flat free surface) to problems of topographic response to seismic motion in a 2-dimensional in-plane field. That is to say, they propose a boundary integral equation capable of effectively suppressing the non-physical waves that emerge in the result of computation in the wake of the truncation of the discretized ground surface making use of the wave field in a semi-infinite elastic body with flat free surface. They apply the proposed boundary integral equation discretized into the indirect boundary element method to solve some examples, and succeed in proving its validity. In this report, the equation is expanded to deal with 3-dimensional topographic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

When the foundations of the building are designed and worked, the prediction calculation of immediate settlement of the building exercised practically is to calculate assuming the earth is a linear elastic body, but the actual stress-strain relationship of the earth is nonlinear and rigidity of the earth becomes lower as strain (or stress) increases. Hence in order to grasp the actual settling behavior of the earth, it is necessary to elucidate the nonlinear relationship between stress and strain. In this article, a prediction method of building settlement is introduced which uses an analytical technique of the multi-layered earth by the linear elasticity theory and takes into consideration strain dependency of rigidity of the earth. Part of the conclusion is as follows which has been obtained by studying the settling behaviors observed in examples of vertical loading tests of the pile foundations and the elasto-plastic settlement analytical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neutron diffraction was used to monitor elastic strains during in situ tension testing of a directionally solidified (DS) superalloy at 900 deg. C. Changes in misfit and thermal expansion coefficients of individual phases were obtained. In the {gamma} phase, it is demonstrated that elastic strains saturate at 350 MPa, which is well below the yield strength of the alloy. This is interpreted as the onset of dislocation glide through less stressed vertical channels. The critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) of {gamma} is found to be 143 {+-} 11 MPa, in agreement with a calculated CRSS that is dominated by Orowan bowing of dislocations through nanoscale-wide {gamma} channels. This provides confirmation of Orowan bowing in plasticity/creep of the {gamma} phase. Implications of CRSS and misfit in a 'threshold stress' for creep and rafting are discussed. The CRSS of {gamma}' is found to be consistent with pairwise ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Youngkwang Unit 3,4 and Ulchin Unit 3 and 4 have had problem of the KSNP Steam Generator due to a severe fretting wear on the tube. In particular, the wears were localized and concentrated in the upper part of U-bend of the Central Cavity region. At the upper tube bundle Central Cavity, the fluid flow velocities and void fraction are very high, because the steam is made by high heat transfer at secondary region. Also, this region is affected easily by fretting wear due to it's unsupported span is longer than another regions. The fretting wear is assumed to be result of Flow-Induced Vibration (F. I. V), which can occur by many mechanisms. EFDP was added to UCN 5,6 for prevent fretting wear by the SEC LCC and DSHIC, a company of design and manufacture of the steam generator, respectively. In order to evaluate the efficacy of EFDP, ANSYS and ATHOS-3 Code were used. From sensitivity analysis and calculation results, Density and Velocity into the Central Cavity are reduced after the EFDPs ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the derivation of a new equation that can be used to model the permeability behavior of a fractured, sorptive-elastic media, such as coal, under variable stress conditions commonly used during measurement of permeability data in the laboratory. The model is derived for cubic geometry under biaxial or hydrostatic confining pressures. The model is also designed to handle changes in permeability caused by adsorption and desorption of gases from the matrix blocks. The model equations can be used to calculate permeability changes caused by the production of methane from coal as well as the injection of gases, such as carbon dioxide, for sequestration in coal. Sensitivity analysis of the model found that each of the input variables can have a significant impact on the outcome of the permeability forecast as a function of changing pore pressure; thus, accurate input data are essential. The permeability model can also be used as a tool to determine ...

Science.gov (United States)

0.5% (one sigma) for scan angles less than 55.84 degrees off nadir ... Two polarization sheets and one blocking filter were used .... Polarization factors of different detectors in a given band cross and the cross point ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the framework of the equivalence theorem the one-loop helicity amplitudes and cross section for the double Higgs production process {gamma}{gamma}{yields}HH are calculated. It is shown that the cross section is measurable at TeV {gamma}{gamma} colliders and is marginally sensitive to the triple-Higgs variation. (orig.).