Motor control for a brushless DC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Peterson, William J. (Inventor); Faulkner, Dennis T. (Inventor)

1985-01-01

This invention relates to a motor control system for a brushless DC motor having an inverter responsively coupled to the motor control system and in power transmitting relationship to the motor. The motor control system includes a motor rotor speed detecting unit that provides a pulsed waveform signal proportional to rotor speed. This pulsed waveform signal is delivered to the inverter to thereby cause an inverter fundamental current waveform output to the motor to be switched at a rate proportional to said rotor speed. In addition, the fundamental current waveform is also pulse width modulated at a rate proportional to the rotor speed. A fundamental current waveform phase advance circuit is controllingly coupled to the inverter. The phase advance circuit is coupled to receive the pulsed waveform signal from the motor rotor speed detecting unit and phase advance the pulsed waveform signal as a predetermined function of motor speed to thereby cause the fundamental current waveform to be advanced and thereby compensate for fundamental current waveform lag due to motor winding reactance which allows the motor to operate at higher speeds than the motor is rated while providing optimal torque and therefore increased efficiency.

A brushless dc spin motor for momentum exchange altitude control

Science.gov (United States)

Stern, D.; Rosenlieb, J. W.

1972-01-01

Brushless dc spin motor is designed to use Hall effect probes as means of revolving rotor position and controlling motor winding currents. This results in 3 to 1 reduction in watt-hours required for wheel acceleration, a 2 to 1 reduction in power to run wheel, and a 10 to 1 reduction in the electronics size and weight.

Improved Analytical Model of a Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motor

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kumar, P.; Bauer, P.

2008-01-01

In this paper, we develop a comprehensive model of a permanent-magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor. An analytical model for determining instantaneous air-gap field density is developed. This instantaneous field distribution can be further used to determine the cogging torque, induced back electromotive

System and Method for Determining Rate of Rotation Using Brushless DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Howard, David E. (Inventor); Smith, Dennis A. (Inventor)

2000-01-01

A system and method are provided for measuring rate of rotation. A brushless DC motor is rotated and produces a back electromagnetic force (emf) on each winding thereof. Each winding's back-emf is squared. The squared outputs associated with each winding are combined, with the square root being taken of such combination, to produce a DC output proportional only to the rate of rotation of the motor's shaft.

Electromagnetic phenomena analysis in brushless DC motor with speed control using PWM method

Science.gov (United States)

Ciurys, Marek Pawel

2017-12-01

Field-circuit model of a brushless DC motor with speed control using PWM method was developed. Waveforms of electrical and mechanical quantities of the designed motor with a high pressure vane pump built in a rotor of the motor were computed. Analysis of electromagnetic phenomena in the system: single phase AC network - converter - BLDC motor was carried out.

Acoustic resonance of outer-rotor brushless dc motor for air-conditioner fan

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Hong-Joo; Chung, Shi-Uk; Hwang, Sang-Moon

2008-04-01

Generation of acoustic noise in electric motor is an interacting combination of mechanical and electromagnetic sources. In this paper, a brushless dc motor for air-conditioner fan is analyzed by finite element method to identify noise source, and the analysis results are verified by experiments, and sensitivity analysis is performed by design of experiments.

Brushless DC micro-motor with external rotor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rizzo, M.; Turowski, J.

1992-01-01

The increasing use of high-tech electronic components has led researchers to try new solutions in the field of micro-scale electrical machinery. One such solution, described in this paper, consists of the substitution of a conventional mechanical commutator with an electronic type so as to allow the conversion of a electromagnetic micro-motor into a brushless version using permanent magnets. The comparison of the two micro-motor alternatives evidences the clear superiority of the brushless micro-motor

The dynamic response of a linear brushless D.C. motor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moghani, J.S.; Eastham, J.F. [Univ. of Bath (United Kingdom). School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

1995-12-31

The paper describes the use of the Matlab Analogue Simulation Toolbox SIMULINK for the closed loop dynamic modeling of a linear brushless dc motor which is supplied from a delta-modulated inverter. The work is validated by experimental results taken from a large test rig. Linear version of all rotating machines are possible; a rotating machine can be notionally cut along a radial plane and unrolled to yield a linear version. The most popular form of linear machine, as judged by the quantities that have been produced is the linear induction motor. This has the advantage of first an inexpensive secondary that is often a simple iron backed conducting plate, and secondly the possibility of simple voltage control. The linear brushless synchronous motor is potentially more expensive to produce than its induction counterpart because of the permanent magnets which provide the excitation mmf and the necessity of an inverter supply. However the machine has a power factor efficiency product which can be double that of an induction motor together with about twice the tractive force per pole area.

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Flow in Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Hub Motor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fasil, Muhammed; Plesner, Daniel; Walther, Jens Honore

2014-01-01

This paper investigates the heat dissipation in the hub motor of an electric two-wheeler using lumped parameter (LP), finite element (FE) and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models. The motor uses external rotor permanent magnet brushless DC topology and nearly all of its losses are generated...

Anti-control of chaos of single time-scale brushless DC motor.

Science.gov (United States)

Ge, Zheng-Ming; Chang, Ching-Ming; Chen, Yen-Sheng

2006-09-15

Anti-control of chaos of single time-scale brushless DC motors is studied in this paper. In order to analyse a variety of periodic and chaotic phenomena, we employ several numerical techniques such as phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents. Anti-control of chaos can be achieved by adding an external constant term or an external periodic term.

Multilevel DC Link Inverter for Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors with Very Low Inductance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Su, G.J.

2001-01-01

Due to their long effective air gaps, permanent magnet motors tend to have low inductance. The use of ironless stator structure in present high power PM motors (several tens of kWs) reduces the inductance even further ( and lt; 100(micro)H). This low inductance imposes stringent current regulation demands for the inverter to obtain acceptable current ripple. An analysis of the current ripple for these low inductance brushless PM motors shows that a standard inverter with the most commonly used IGBT switching devices cannot meet the current regulation demands and will produce unacceptable current ripples due to the IGBT's limited switching frequency. This paper introduces a new multilevel dc link inverter, which can dramatically reduce the current ripple for brushless PM motor drives. The operating principle and design guidelines are included

DC Brushless Motor Control Design and Preliminary Testing for Independent 4-Wheel Drive Rev-11 Robotic Platform

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roni Permana Saputra

2012-03-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the design of control system for brushless DC motor using microcontroller ATMega 16 that will be applied to an independent 4-wheel drive Mobile Robot LIPI version 2 (REV-11. The control system consists of two parts which are brushless DC motor control module and supervisory control module that coordinates the desired command to the motor control module. To control the REV-11 platform, supervisory control transmit the reference data of speed and direction of motor to control the speed and direction of each actuator on the platform REV-11. From the test results it is concluded that the designed control system work properly to coordinate and control the speed and direction of motion of the actuator motor REV-11 platform. 

Torque ripple reduction of brushless DC motor with harmonic current injection based on integral terminal sliding mode control

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Boroujeni, Mojtaba Shirvani; Markadeh, Gholamreza Arab; Soltani, Jafar

2018-01-01

Brushless Harmonic current injection to the stator windings is one of the most effective methods for torque ripple reduction of brushless DC motors. Because of multi harmonic contents of the stator currents, the conventional methods based on rotational reference frame cannot be used to calculate...

POSITION CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR BASED ON DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Çetin GENÇER

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Brushless DC Motors (BLDC have been used widely high performance control systems which are depended on to development of power electronic and control technology. In these motors to fed commutated supply, the control of position without oscilation has been required. In this study, position control of BLDC with digital signal processing has been implemented by a proportional-derivative (PD controller because of its simple structure. It has been seen that the controller which is proposed from simulation and experimental studies, has a quick dynamic responce with nonoscillation.

Rate of rotation measurement using back-EMFS associated with windings of a brushless DC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Howard, David E. (Inventor)

2000-01-01

A system and method are provided for measuring rate of rotation. A brushless DC motor is rotated and produces a back electromagnetic force (emf) on each winding thereof. Each winding's back-emf is integrated and multiplied by the back-emf associated with an adjacent winding. The multiplied outputs associated with each winding are combined to produce a directionally sensitive DC output proportional only to the rate of rotation of the motor's shaft.

Tachometers Derived From a Brushless DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Howard, David E.; Smith, Dennis A.

2007-01-01

The upper part of the figure illustrates the major functional blocks of a direction-sensitive analog tachometer circuit based on the use of an unexcited two-phase brushless dc motor as a rotation transducer. The primary advantages of this circuit over many older tachometer circuits include the following: Its output inherently varies linearly with the rate of rotation of the shaft. Unlike some tachometer circuits that rely on differentiation of voltages with respect to time, this circuit relies on integration, which results in signals that are less noisy. There is no need for an additional shaft-angle sensor, nor is there any need to supply electrical excitation to a shaft-angle sensor. There is no need for mechanical brushes (which tend to act as sources of electrical noise). The underlying concept and electrical design are relatively simple. This circuit processes the back-electromagnetic force (back-emf) outputs of the two motor phases into a voltage directly proportional to the instantaneous rate (sign magnitude) of rotation of the shaft. The processing in this circuit effects a straightforward combination of mathematical operations leading to a final operation based on the well-known trigonometric identity (sin x)2 + (cos x)2 = 1 for any value of x. The principle of operation of this circuit is closely related to that of the tachometer circuit described in Tachometer Derived From Brushless Shaft-Angle Resolver (MFS-28845), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 19, No. 3 (March 1995), page 39. However, the present circuit is simpler in some respects because there is no need for sinusoidal excitation of shaftangle- resolver windings.

On-Line Tracking Controller for Brushless DC Motor Drives Using Artificial Neural Networks

Science.gov (United States)

Rubaai, Ahmed

1996-01-01

A real-time control architecture is developed for time-varying nonlinear brushless dc motors operating in a high performance drives environment. The developed control architecture possesses the capabilities of simultaneous on-line identification and control. The dynamics of the motor are modeled on-line and controlled using an artificial neural network, as the system runs. The control architecture combines the experience and dependability of adaptive tracking systems with potential and promise of the neural computing technology. The sensitivity of real-time controller to parametric changes that occur during training is investigated. Such changes are usually manifested by rapid changes in the load of the brushless motor drives. This sudden change in the external load is simulated for the sigmoidal and sinusoidal reference tracks. The ability of the neuro-controller to maintain reasonable tracking accuracy in the presence of external noise is also verified for a number of desired reference trajectories.

Design and Performance Test of Axial Halbach Brushless DC Motor with Power Density 1.5 Kw/Kg

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kevin Dwi Prasetio

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Progress of technology on electric vehicle component sector is one reason the emergence of electric vehicles at the moment. Starting from battery which has a great current density up to the automatic control systems on electric vehicles. But there are still some shortcomings of this electric vehicle components, one of which is the low value of power density of existing electric motor in the market today.On vehicles such as electric cars when Race Car Contest, energy saving problems about power density of the driving motor is very vital. This is because the total weight of the vehicle has a huge influence on the vehicle efficiency is against it. The issue is one of the reasons of the research task. In this final task is done making the design, simulation, and architecture of the Axial Halbach Brushless DC Motor. Use of system configuration on the halbach magnet to avoid the use of iron as a material cantilever rotor. By changing the material of the cantilever rotor with lighter materials such as aluminum or even carbon fibre, the value of power density electric motors can be increased. Then using the litz wire on coil stator to reduce loss-power loss due to the barriers on the coil. Coreless stator on the system and to avoid the phenomenon of cogging at the time due to low rpm style attraction magnet with iron in the core material. While the creation process begins by determining the specifications of the Axial Halbach Brushless DC motors. Then go into the design phase of the mechanical and electrical design. Who then conducted simulations to help determine other parameters such as air gap, slot turn, and magnetic orientation. The process of making a component of stator and rotor after the simulation is completed. After all the components of the rotor and stator on assembly, mounting the hall sensor is carried out to the right to position obtained by reading the signals. After the motor can spin with good motor performance, testing can be done

Mechatronical Design Studies on Small Brushless Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

W. Amrhein

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Brushless DC- and AC-permanent-magnet motors controlled by powerful micro-controller electronics have opened up a significant share of the small motor market in the last years. Based on the mechanical low cost construction of single-phase motor the paper presents electronic drive concepts to improve the performance and for special applications also the lifetime of brushless motors. The tangential and radial forces acting on the rotor are controlled by special phase current curves to reduce the torque ripple and to avoid expendable machinery parts like ball or sliding bearings.

Disc rotors with permanent magnets for brushless DC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Hawsey, Robert A.; Bailey, J. Milton

1992-01-01

A brushless dc permanent magnet motor drives an autonomous underwater vehe. In one embodiment, the motor comprises four substantially flat stators in stacked relationship, with pairs of the stators axially spaced, each of the stators comprising a tape-wound stator coil, and first and second substantially flat rotors disposed between the spaced pairs of stators. Each of the rotors includes an annular array of permanent magnets embedded therein. A first shaft is connected to the first rotor and a second, concentric shaft is connected to the second rotor, and a drive unit causes rotation of the two shafts in opposite directions. The second shaft comprises a hollow tube having a central bore in which the first shaft is disposed. Two different sets of bearings support the first and second shafts. In another embodiment, the motor comprises two ironless stators and pairs of rotors mounted on opposite sides of the stators and driven by counterrotating shafts.

Novel Motion Sensorless Control of Single Phase Brushless D.C. PM Motor Drive, with experiments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lepure, Liviu Ioan; Boldea, Ion; Andreescu, Gheorghe Daniel

2010-01-01

A motion sensorless control for single phase permanent magnet brushless d.c. (PM-BLDC) motor drives, based on flux integration and prior knowledge of the PM flux/position characteristic is proposed here and an adequate correction algorithm is adopted, in order to increase the robustness to noise...

James Webb Space Telescope Deployment Brushless DC Motor Characteristics Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, Ahn N.

2016-01-01

A DC motor's performance is usually characterized by a series of tests, which are conducted by pass/fail criteria. In most cases, these tests are adequate to address the performance characteristics under environmental and loading effects with some uncertainties and decent power/torque margins. However, if the motor performance requirement is very stringent, a better understanding of the motor characteristics is required. The purpose of this paper is to establish a standard way to extract the torque components of the brushless motor and gear box characteristics of a high gear ratio geared motor from the composite geared motor testing and motor parameter measurement. These torque components include motor magnetic detent torque, Coulomb torque, viscous torque, windage torque, and gear tooth sliding torque. The Aerospace Corp bearing torque model and MPB torque models are used to predict the Coulomb torque of the motor rotor bearings and to model the viscous components. Gear tooth sliding friction torque is derived from the dynamo geared motor test data. With these torque data, the geared motor mechanical efficiency can be estimated and provide the overall performance of the geared motor versus several motor operating parameters such as speed, temperature, applied current, and transmitted power.

Off-line tuning of a PI speed controller for a permanent magnet brushless DC motor using DSP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Demirtas, Metin, E-mail: mdtas@balikesir.edu.t [Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Balikesir University, Balikesir (Turkey)

2011-01-15

In this paper, a new method of tuning Proportional Integral (PI) coefficients for a permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor drives is proposed. Artificial neural network is used to identify the whole system using maximum overshoot and settling time obtained from the application circuit for different K{sub p}-K{sub i} pairs. Optimal values of PI controller coefficients are obtained using genetic algorithm. Motion Control Kit (MCK243) is used to carry out digital motion control applications. The MCK243 kit includes a power module and a three-phase brushless motor. TMS320F243 programs are used for PMBLDC motor speed control. Experimental results are given to show the validity of this method.

Four quadrant control circuit for a brushless three-phase dc motor

Science.gov (United States)

Nola, Frank J. (Inventor)

1987-01-01

A control circuit is provided for a brushless three-phase dc motor which affords four quadrant control from a single command. The control circuit probes acceleration of the motor in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions and braking and generation in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions. In addition to turning on individual transistors of the transistor pairs connected to the phase windings of the motor for 120 deg periods while the other transistor of that pair is off, the control circuit also provides, in a future mode of operation, turning the two transistors of each pair on and off alternately at a phase modulation frequency during such a 120 deg period. A feedback signal is derived which is proportional to the motor current and which has a polarity consistent with the command signal, such that negative feedback results.

Low speed phaselock speed control system. [for brushless dc motor

Science.gov (United States)

Fulcher, R. W.; Sudey, J. (Inventor)

1975-01-01

A motor speed control system for an electronically commutated brushless dc motor is provided which includes a phaselock loop with bidirectional torque control for locking the frequency output of a high density encoder, responsive to actual speed conditions, to a reference frequency signal, corresponding to the desired speed. The system includes a phase comparator, which produces an output in accordance with the difference in phase between the reference and encoder frequency signals, and an integrator-digital-to-analog converter unit, which converts the comparator output into an analog error signal voltage. Compensation circuitry, including a biasing means, is provided to convert the analog error signal voltage to a bidirectional error signal voltage which is utilized by an absolute value amplifier, rotational decoder, power amplifier-commutators, and an arrangement of commutation circuitry.

Speed Control Analysis of Brushless DC Motor Based on Maximum Amplitude DC Current Feedback

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hassan M.A.A.

2014-07-01

Full Text Available This paper describes an approach to develop accurate and simple current controlled modulation technique for brushless DC (BLDC motor drive. The approach is applied to control phase current based on generation of quasi-square wave current by using only one current controller for the three phases. Unlike the vector control method which is complicated to be implemented, this simple current modulation technique presents advantages such as phase currents are kept in balance and the current is controlled through only one dc signal which represent maximum amplitude value of trapezoidal current (Imax. This technique is performed with Proportional Integral (PI control algorithm and triangular carrier comparison method to generate Pulse Width Modulation (PWM signal. In addition, the PI speed controller is incorporated with the current controller to perform desirable speed operation of non-overshoot response. The performance and functionality of the BLDC motor driver are verified via simulation by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results show the developed control system performs desirable speed operation of non-overshoot and good current waveforms.

Computation of magnetic field in DC brushless linear motors built with NdFeB magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basak, A.; Shirkoohi, G.H.

1990-01-01

A software package based on finite element technique has been used to compute three-dimensional magnetic fields and static forces developed in brushless d.c. linear motors. As the field flux-source two different types of permanent magnets, one of them being the high energy neodymium- iron-boron type, has been used in computer models. Motors with the same specifications as the computer models were built and experimental results obtained from them are compared with the computed results

A novel position-sensorless control method for brushless DC motors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, X.Z.; Wang, Y.N.

2011-01-01

This paper presents the design and implementation of a high performance position-sensorless control scheme for the extensively used brushless DC (BLDC) motors. In the proposed method, with proper PWM strategy, instead of detecting the zero-crossing point (ZCP) of the nonexcited motor back electromagnetic force (EMF) or the average motor terminal to neutral voltage, the true zero-crossing points of back EMF are extracted directly from the difference of the specific average line-to-line voltages with simple RC circuits and comparators. In contrast to conventional methods, the neutral voltage is not needed and the diode freewheeling currents in the nonconducted phase are eliminated completely; therefore, the commutation signals are more accurate and insensitive to the common-mode noise. Moreover, 100% pulse-width-modulation (PWM) duty ratio control of BLDC motors is provided with the presented method. As a result, the proposed method makes it possible to achieve good motor performance over a wide speed range and to simplify the starting procedure. The detailed circuit model is analyzed and some experimental results obtained from a sensorless prototype are shown to verify the analysis and confirm the validity of the proposed method.

Power factor correction (PFC) converters feeding brushless DC ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper presents a comprehensive study of power factor correction (PFC) converters for feeding brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive. This work explores various configurations of PFC converters which are classified into five different categories of non-isolated, bridgeless (BL) non-isolated, isolated, BL-isolated PFC ...

Comparative analysis of some brushless motors based on catalog data

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anton Kalapish

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Brushless motors (polyphased AC induction, synchronous and brushless DC motors have no alternatives in modern electric drives. They possess highly efficient and very wide range of speeds. The objective of this paper is to represent some relation between the basic parameters and magnitudes of electrical machines. This allows to be made a comparative analysis and a choice of motor concerning each particular case based not only on catalogue data or price for sale.

Novel Position and Speed Estimator for PM Single Phase Brushless D.C. Motor Drives

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lepure, Liviu I.; Andreescu, Gheorghe-Daniel; Iles, Doris

2010-01-01

A novel position and speed estimator for single phase permanent magnet brushless d.c. (PMBLDC) motor drives, based on flux integration and prior knowledge of ΨPM (θ) is proposed here and an adequate correction algorithm is adopted in order to increase the robustness to noise and to reduce...... the sensitivity to accuracy of flux linkage estimation. A speed and current close loop control is employed based on the Hall signal and the motor is controlled at different speeds in order to validate the proposed estimation algorithm with satisfying results. The position correction effect is analyzed...

Numerical simulation of dynamics of brushless dc motors for aerospace and other applications. Volume 1: Model development and applications, part B

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A. O.; Nehl, T. W.

1979-01-01

A mathematical model was developed and computerized simulations were obtained for a brushless dc motor. Experimentally obtained oscillograms of the machine phase currents are presented and the corresponding current and voltage waveforms for various modes of operation of the motor are presented and discussed.

Primary control of a Mach scale swashplateless rotor using brushless DC motor actuated trailing edge flaps

Science.gov (United States)

Saxena, Anand

The focus of this research was to demonstrate a four blade rotor trim in forward flight using integrated trailing edge flaps instead of using a swashplate controls. A compact brushless DC motor was evaluated as an on-blade actuator, with the possibility of achieving large trailing edge flap amplitudes. A control strategy to actuate the trailing edge flap at desired frequency and amplitude was developed and large trailing edge flap amplitudes from the motor (instead of rotational motion) were obtained. Once the actuator was tested on the bench-top, a lightweight mechanism was designed to incorporate the motor in the blade and actuate the trailing edge flaps. A six feet diameter, four bladed composite rotor with motor-flap system integrated into the NACA 0012 airfoil section was fabricated. Systematic testing was carried out for a range of load conditions, first in the vacuum chamber followed by hover tests. Large trailing edge flap deflections were observed during the hover testing, and a peak to peak trailing edge flap amplitude of 18 degree was achieved at 2000 rotor RPM with hover tip Mach number of 0.628. A closed loop controller was designed to demonstrate trailing edge flap mean position and the peak to peak amplitude control. Further, a soft pitch link was designed and fabricated, to replace the stiff pitch link and thereby reduce the torsional stiffness of the blade to 2/rev. This soft pitch link allowed for blade root pitch motion in response to the trailing edge flap inputs. Blade pitch response due to both steady as well as sinusoidal flap deflections were demonstrated. Finally, tests were performed in Glenn L. Martin wind tunnel using a model rotor rig to assess the performance of motor-flap system in forward flight. A swashplateless trim using brushless DC motor actuated trailing edge flaps was achieved for a rotor operating at 1200 RPM and an advance ratio of 0.28. Also, preliminary exploration was carried out to test the scalability of the motor

High-performance permanent magnet brushless motors with balanced concentrated windings and similar slot and pole numbers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stumberger, Bojan; Stumberger, Gorazd; Hadziselimovic, Miralem; Hamler, Anton; Trlep, Mladen; Gorican, Viktor; Jesenik, Marko

2006-01-01

The paper presents a comparison between the performances of exterior-rotor permanent magnet brushless motors with distributed windings and the performances of exterior-rotor permanent magnet brushless motors with concentrated windings. Finite element method analysis is employed to determine the performance of each motor. It is shown that motors with concentrated windings and similar slot and pole numbers exhibit similar or better performances than motors with distributed windings for brushless AC (BLAC) operation mode and brushless DC (BLDC) operation mode as well

A CSMP communication model for design study of a brushless DC motor power conditioner for a cruise missile fin control actuator.

OpenAIRE

MacMillan, Peter Norman

1985-01-01

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited Recent improvements in rare earth magnets have made it possible to construct strong, lightweight, high horsepower DC motors. This has occasioned a reassessment of electromechanical actuators as alternatives to comparable pneumatic and hydraulic systems for use as flight control actuators for tactical missiles. A dynamic equivalent circuit model for the analysis of a small four pole brushless DC motor fed by a trans...

Combined Discrete Space Voltage Vector with Direct Torque Control for Bearingless Brushless DC Motor and Closed-Loop Suspended Force Control

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Weiran Wang

2013-06-01

Full Text Available In order to improve the performance of bearingless brushless DC motor, a closed-loop suspended force controller combining the discrete space voltage vector modulation is applied and the direct torque control is presented in this paper. Firstly, we increase the number of the control vector to reduce the torque ripple. Then, the suspending equation is constructed which is spired by the direct torque control algorithm. As a result, the closed-loop suspended force controller is built. The simulated and experimental results evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The more advantage is that the proposed algorithm can achieve the fast torque response, reduce the torque ripple, and follow ideal stator flux track. Furthermore, the motor which implants the closed-loop suspended force controller cannot onlyobtain the dynamic response rapidly and displacement control accurately, but also has the characteristics of bearingless brushless DC motor (such as simple structure, high energy efficiency, small volume and low failure rate.

Adaptive H∞ nonlinear velocity tracking using RBFNN for linear DC brushless motor

Science.gov (United States)

Tsai, Ching-Chih; Chan, Cheng-Kain; Li, Yi Yu

2012-01-01

This article presents an adaptive H ∞ nonlinear velocity control for a linear DC brushless motor. A simplified model of this motor with friction is briefly recalled. The friction dynamics is described by the Lu Gre model and the online tuning radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is used to parameterise the nonlinear friction function and un-modelled errors. An adaptive nonlinear H ∞ control method is then proposed to achieve velocity tracking, by assuming that the upper bounds of the ripple force, the changeable load and the nonlinear friction can be learned by the RBFNN. The closed-loop system is proven to be uniformly bounded using the Lyapunov stability theory. The feasibility and the efficacy of the proposed control are exemplified by conducting two velocity tracking experiments.

Brushless DC electric motor application in environment CH4 sensor

Science.gov (United States)

Drozd, Jakub; Duk, Mariusz; Borecki, Michał

2016-09-01

The work includes using a brushless direct current motor ventilator as a machine which fills a container where methane sensor is researched. The main issue is to choose the best controlling method and implement it to self-made driver of the motor.

Controlling a Four-Quadrant Brushless Three-Phase dc Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Nola, F. J.

1986-01-01

Control circuit commutates windings of brushless, three-phase, permanent-magnet motor operating from power supply. With single analog command voltage, controller makes motor accelerate, drive steadily, or brake regeneratively, in clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Controller well suited for use with energy-storage flywheels, actuators for aircraft-control surfaces, cranes, industrial robots, and other electromechanical systems requiring bidirectional control or sudden stopping and reversal.

Dynamic modeling of brushless dc motor-power conditioner unit for electromechanical actuator application

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A.; Nehl, T. W.

1979-01-01

A comprehensive digital model for the analysis of the dynamic-instantaneous performance of a power conditioner fed samarium-cobalt permanent magnet brushless DC motor is presented. The particular power conditioner-machine system at hand, for which this model was developed, is a component of an actual prototype electromechanical actuator built for NASA-JSC as a possible alternative to hydraulic actuators as part of feasibility studies for the shuttle orbiter applications. Excellent correlation between digital simulated and experimentally obtained performance data was achieved for this specific prototype. This is reported on in this paper. Details of one component of the model, its applications and the corresponding results are given in this paper.

Fast response Antiwindup PI speed controller of Brushless DC motor drive: Modeling, simulation and implementation on DSP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohd Tariq

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Most of the Brushless DC (BLDC motors drive adopts proportional, integral and derivative (PID controller and pulse width modulation (PWM scheme for speed control. Hence, BLDC motor drive has strong saturation characteristics. The saturation results in a typical windup phenomenon. The paper presents an Antiwindup drive for BLDC motor. An Antiwindup controller (AWC has been used in the paper. AWC has been modeled in MATLAB/Simulink and comparison has been done between conventional PI controller and AWC at different starting loads. Dynamic characteristics of the BLDC motor drive have been examined and results are presented and discussed in detail in this paper. Details of DSP based experimental validation of the simulated results are also presented here.

Brushless DC motor control system responsive to control signals generated by a computer or the like

Science.gov (United States)

Packard, Douglas T. (Inventor); Schmitt, Donald E. (Inventor)

1987-01-01

A control system for a brushless DC motor responsive to digital control signals is disclosed. The motor includes a multiphase wound stator and a permanent magnet rotor. The rotor is arranged so that each phase winding, when energized from a DC source, will drive the rotor through a predetermined angular position or step. A commutation signal generator responsive to the shaft position provides a commutation signal for each winding. A programmable control signal generator such as a computer or microprocessor produces individual digital control signals for each phase winding. The control signals and commutation signals associated with each winding are applied to an AND gate for that phase winding. Each gate controls a switch connected in series with the associated phase winding and the DC source so that each phase winding is energized only when the commutation signal and the control signal associated with that phase winding are present. The motor shaft may be advanced one step at a time to a desired position by applying a predetermined number of control signals in the proper sequence to the AND gates and the torque generated by the motor may be regulated by applying a separate control signal to each AND gate which is pulse width modulated to control the total time that each switch connects its associated winding to the DC source during each commutation period.

Torque ripple reduction of brushless DC motor based on adaptive input-output feedback linearization.

Science.gov (United States)

Shirvani Boroujeni, M; Markadeh, G R Arab; Soltani, J

2017-09-01

Torque ripple reduction of Brushless DC Motors (BLDCs) is an interesting subject in variable speed AC drives. In this paper at first, a mathematical expression for torque ripple harmonics is obtained. Then for a non-ideal BLDC motor with known harmonic contents of back-EMF, calculation of desired reference current amplitudes, which are required to eliminate some selected harmonics of torque ripple, are reviewed. In order to inject the reference harmonic currents to the motor windings, an Adaptive Input-Output Feedback Linearization (AIOFBL) control is proposed, which generates the reference voltages for three phases voltage source inverter in stationary reference frame. Experimental results are presented to show the capability and validity of the proposed control method and are compared with the vector control in Multi-Reference Frame (MRF) and Pseudo-Vector Control (P-VC) method results. Copyright © 2017 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Anti-control of chaos of single time scale brushless dc motors and chaos synchronization of different order systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ge Zhengming; Chang Chingming; Chen Yensheng

2006-01-01

Anti-control of chaos of single time scale brushless dc motors (BLDCM) and chaos synchronization of different order systems are studied in this paper. By addition of an external nonlinear term, we can obtain anti-control of chaos. Then, by addition of the coupling terms, by the use of Lyapunov stability theorem and by the linearization of the error dynamics, chaos synchronization between a third-order BLDCM and a second-order Duffing system are presented

Magnetic Signature of Brushless Electric Motors

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Clarke, David

2006-01-01

Brushless electric motors are used in a number of underwater vehicles. When these underwater vehicles are used for mine clearance operations the magnetic signature of the brushless motors is important...

Speed and Displacement Control System of Bearingless Brushless DC Motor Based on Improved Bacterial Foraging Algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diao Xiaoyan

2016-01-01

Full Text Available To solve the deficiencies of long optimization time and poor precision existing in conventional bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA in the process of parameter optimization, an improved bacterial foraging algorithm (IBFA is proposed and applied to speed and displacement control system of bearingless brushless DC (Bearingless BLDC motors. To begin with the fundamental principle of BFA, the proposed method is introduced and the individual intelligence is efficiently used in the process of parameter optimization, and then the working principle of bearingless BLDC motors is expounded. Finally, modeling and simulation of the speed and displacement control system of bearingless BLDC motors based on the IBFA are carried out by taking the software of MATLAB/Simulink as a platform. Simulation results show that, speed overshoot, torque ripple and rotor position oscillation are dramatically reduced, thus the proposed method has good application prospects in the field of bearingless motors.

Analysis and Design Considerations of a High-Power Density, Dual Air Gap, Axial-Field Brushless, Permanent Magnet Motor.

Science.gov (United States)

Cho, Chahee Peter

1995-01-01

Until recently, brush dc motors have been the dominant drive system because they provide easily controlled motor speed over a wide range, rapid acceleration and deceleration, convenient control of position, and lower product cost. Despite these capabilities, the brush dc motor configuration does not satisfy the design requirements for the U.S. Navy's underwater propulsion applications. Technical advances in rare-earth permanent magnet materials, in high-power semiconductor transistor technology, and in various rotor position-sensing devices have made using brushless permanent magnet motors a viable alternative. This research investigates brushless permanent magnet motor technology, studying the merits of dual-air gap, axial -field, brushless, permanent magnet motor configuration in terms of power density, efficiency, and noise/vibration levels. Because the design objectives for underwater motor applications include high-power density, high-performance, and low-noise/vibration, the traditional, simplified equivalent circuit analysis methods to assist in meeting these goals were inadequate. This study presents the development and verification of detailed finite element analysis (FEA) models and lumped parameter circuit models that can calculate back electromotive force waveforms, inductance, cogging torque, energized torque, and eddy current power losses. It is the first thorough quantification of dual air-gap, axial -field, brushless, permanent magnet motor parameters and performance characteristics. The new methodology introduced in this research not only facilitates the design process of an axial field, brushless, permanent magnet motor but reinforces the idea that the high-power density, high-efficiency, and low-noise/vibration motor is attainable.

Analysis of sensorless control of brushless DC motor using unknown input observer with different gains

Science.gov (United States)

Astik, Mitesh B.; Bhatt, Praghnesh; Bhalja, Bhavesh R.

2017-03-01

A sensorless control scheme based on an unknown input observer is presented in this paper in which back EMF of the Brushless DC Motor (BLDC) is continuously estimated from available line voltages and currents. During negative rotation of motor, actual and estimated speed fail to track the reference speed and if the corrective action is not taken by the observer, the motor goes into saturation. To overcome this problem, the speed estimation algorithm has been implemented in this paper to control the dynamic behavior of the motor during negative rotation. The Ackermans method was used to calculate the gains of an unknown input observer which is based on the appropriate choice of the eigenvalues in advance. The criteria to choose eigenvalue is to obtain a balance between faster convergence rate and the least noise level. Simulations have been carried out for different disturbances such as step changes in motor reference speed and load torque. The comparative simulation results clearly depict that the disturbance effects in actual and estimated responses minimizes as observer gain setting increases.

Test Platform for Advanced Digital Control of Brushless DC Motors (MSFC Center Director's Discretionary Fund)

Science.gov (United States)

Gwaltney, D. A.

2002-01-01

A FY 2001 Center Director's Discretionary Fund task to develop a test platform for the development, implementation. and evaluation of adaptive and other advanced control techniques for brushless DC (BLDC) motor-driven mechanisms is described. Important applications for BLDC motor-driven mechanisms are the translation of specimens in microgravity experiments and electromechanical actuation of nozzle and fuel valves in propulsion systems. Motor-driven aerocontrol surfaces are also being utilized in developmental X vehicles. The experimental test platform employs a linear translation stage that is mounted vertically and driven by a BLDC motor. Control approaches are implemented on a digital signal processor-based controller for real-time, closed-loop control of the stage carriage position. The goal of the effort is to explore the application of advanced control approaches that can enhance the performance of a motor-driven actuator over the performance obtained using linear control approaches with fixed gains. Adaptive controllers utilizing an exact model knowledge controller and a self-tuning controller are implemented and the control system performance is illustrated through the presentation of experimental results.

Dynamic modeling of brushless dc motors for aerospace actuation

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A.; Nehl, T. W.

1980-01-01

A discrete time model for simulation of the dynamics of samarium cobalt-type permanent magnet brushless dc machines is presented. The simulation model includes modeling of the interaction between these machines and their attached power conditioners. These are transistorized conditioner units. This model is part of an overall discrete-time analysis of the dynamic performance of electromechanical actuators, which was conducted as part of prototype development of such actuators studied and built for NASA-Johnson Space Center as a prospective alternative to hydraulic actuators presently used in shuttle orbiter applications. The resulting numerical simulations of the various machine and power conditioner current and voltage waveforms gave excellent correlation to the actual waveforms collected from actual hardware experimental testing. These results, numerical and experimental, are presented here for machine motoring, regeneration and dynamic braking modes. Application of the resulting model to the determination of machine current and torque profiles during closed-loop actuator operation were also analyzed and the results are given here. These results are given in light of an overall view of the actuator system components. The applicability of this method of analysis to design optimization and trouble-shooting in such prototype development is also discussed in light of the results at hand.

Limitations of the Conventional Phase Advance Method for Constant Power Operation of the Brushless DC Motor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lawler, J.S.

2001-01-01

The brushless dc motor (BDCM) has high-power density and efficiency relative to other motor types. These properties make the BDCM well suited for applications in electric vehicles provided a method can be developed for driving the motor over the 4 to 6:1 constant power speed range (CPSR) required by such applications. The present state of the art for constant power operation of the BDCM is conventional phase advance (CPA)[1]. In this paper, we identify key limitations of CPA. It is shown that the CPA has effective control over the developed power but that the current magnitude is relatively insensitive to power output and is inversely proportional to motor inductance. If the motor inductance is low, then the rms current at rated power and high speed may be several times larger than the current rating. The inductance required to maintain rms current within rating is derived analytically and is found to be large relative to that of BDCM designs using high-strength rare earth magnets. Th us, the CPA requires a BDCM with a large equivalent inductance

Comparison of solar panel cooling system by using dc brushless fan and dc water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Irwan, Y M; Leow, W Z; Irwanto, M; M, Fareq; Hassan, S I S; Amelia, A R; Safwati, I

2015-01-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss comparison of solar panel cooling system by using DC brushless fan and DC water pump. Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an interesting technique to reduce non-renewable energy consumption and as a renewable energy. The temperature of PV modules increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. A solar cooling system is design, construct and experimentally researched within this work. To make an effort to cool the PV module, Direct Current (DC) brushless fan and DC water pump with inlet/outlet manifold are designed for constant air movement and water flow circulation at the back side and front side of PV module representatively. Temperature sensors were installed on the PV module to detect temperature of PV. PIC microcontroller was used to control the DC brushless fan and water pump for switch ON or OFF depend on the temperature of PV module automatically. The performance with and without cooling system are shown in this experiment. The PV module with DC water pump cooling system increase 3.52%, 36.27%, 38.98%in term of output voltage, output current, output power respectively. It decrease 6.36 °C compare than to PV module without DC water pump cooling system. While DC brushless fan cooling system increase 3.47%, 29.55%, 32.23%in term of output voltage, output current, and output power respectively. It decrease 6.1 °C compare than to PV module without DC brushless fan cooling system. The efficiency of PV module with cooling system was increasing compared to PV module without cooling system; this is because the ambient temperature dropped significantly. The higher efficiency of PV cell, the payback period of the system can be shorted and the lifespan of PV module can also be longer. (paper)

Harmonic Analysis on Torque Ripple of Brushless DC Motor Based on Advanced Commutation Control

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yanpeng Ji

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates the relationship between current, back electromotive force (back-EMF, and torque for permanent-magnet brushless DC (PM BLDC motors under advanced commutation control from the perspective of harmonics. Considering that the phase current is the influencing factor of both torque and torque ripple, this paper firstly analyzes the effects of advanced commutation on phase current and current harmonics. And then, based on the harmonics of the phase current and back-EMF, the torque harmonic expressions are deduced. The expressions reveal the relationship of harmonic order between the torque, phase current, and back-EMF and highlight the different contribution of individual torque harmonic to the total torque ripple. Finally, the proposed harmonic analysis method is verified by the experiments with different speed and load conditions.

Analysis and testing of a double armature brushless dc linear motor with NdFeB permanent magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Filho, A.F.F.

1998-01-01

The use of high-energy product NdFeB permanent magnets benefits the design and features of a double armature brushless dc linear motor. As the linear motor is also slotless, its 5 mm airgap requires a source of high flux to overcome the reluctance and produce an adequate amount of force. The linear motor employs a topology that makes use of five permanent magnets to provide excitation flux. The permanent magnets are arranged in such a way that maximises the force the linear motor can deliver. The actuator produces a force up to 86.2 N at an armature current of 4.5 A. However, the topology makes the actuator prone to saturation. It affects the operation point of the permanent magnets, reduces the airgap flux density and the force, and increases flux leakage. To avoid saturation, a flux compensation scheme was conceived. The results are presented and assessed by means of finite element simulation and by experimental results that presented a good agreement. (orig.)

Maximum Power Point Tracking for Brushless DC Motor-Driven Photovoltaic Pumping Systems Using a Hybrid ANFIS-FLOWER Pollination Optimization Algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neeraj Priyadarshi

2018-04-01

Full Text Available In this research paper, a hybrid Artificial Neural Network (ANN-Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC tuned Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA as a Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT is employed to amend root mean square error (RMSE of photovoltaic (PV modeling. Moreover, Gaussian membership functions have been considered for fuzzy controller design. This paper interprets the Luo converter occupied brushless DC motor (BLDC-directed PV water pump application. Experimental responses certify the effectiveness of the suggested motor-pump system supporting diverse operating states. The Luo converter, a newly developed DC-DC converter, has high power density, better voltage gain transfer and superior output waveform and can track optimal power from PV modules. For BLDC speed control there is no extra circuitry, and phase current sensors are enforced for this scheme. The most recent attempt using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS-FPA-operated BLDC directed PV pump with advanced Luo converter, has not been formerly conferred.

Brushless traction PM Machines using commercial drive technology, part I: Design methodology and motor design

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kazmin, Evgeny; Lomonova, E.A.; Paulides, J.J.H.

2008-01-01

A concept design approach for the brushless PM traction motor, which has crucial constraints on volume envelope and on the drive, is presented. The considered motor drive is the three-phase DC/AC converter, which is commercially available on the modern market of the standard variable frequency

Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor and Mechanical Structure Design for the Electric Impact Wrench System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chengyuan He

2018-05-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an analytical method to design an interior permanent magnet brushless DC electric motor (IPMBLDC motor for a kind of electric impact wrench used for loading and unloading car bolts. It takes into account magnet assembly gap, rotor saturation webs, and bridges. Assumed flux leakage coefficient and selected working point of a permanent magnet were used in the initial design. An advanced equivalent magnetic circuit was developed to verify the total flux leakage and the quiescent operating point based on initial design parameters. Key design method points are considered and analyzed. Thermal analysis is given to simulate the temperature rise of all parts of the motor. The new impact wrench mechanical structure is designed, and its working principle analyzed. An electromagnetic field analysis based on MATLAB and the MAXWELL 2D finite element method (FEM were used in the design to verify the equivalent magnetic circuit and optimize the IPMBLDC motor parameters. Experimental results are obtained to verify the design. The electrical and mechanical designs are combined and an analytical IPMBLDC motor design method is provided. We also show an innovative and reasonable mechanical dynamical calculation method for the impact wrench system, which can be used in whole system design of other functional electric tools.

Speed response of brushless DC motor using fuzzy PID controller under varying load condition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akash Varshney

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The increasing trend towards usage of precisely controlled, high torque, efficient and low noise motors for dedicated applications has attracted the attention of researcher in Brushless DC (BLDC motors. BLDC motors can act as an acceptable alternative to the conventional motors like Induction Motors, Switched Reluctance Motors etc. This paper presents a detailed study on the performance of a BLDC motor supplying different types of loads, and at the same time, deploying different control techniques. An advance Fuzzy PID controller is compared with the commonly used PID controller. The load variations considered are of the most common types, generally encountered in practice. A comparison has been carried out in this paper by observing the dynamic speed response of motor at the time of application as well as at the time of removal of the load. The BLDC motors suffer from a major drawback of having jerky behaviour at the time of load removal. The study reveals that irrespective of the type of controller used, the gradual load variation produces better results as against sudden load variations. It is further observed that in addition to other dynamic features, the jerks produced at the time of load removal also get improved to a large extent with Fuzzy PID controller.The speed torque characteristics unraveled the fact that the jerks are minimum at the time of gradual load removal with Fuzzy PID controller in place. An attempt has been made to define these jerks by ‘Perturbation Window’.

High torque DC motor fabrication and test program

Science.gov (United States)

Makus, P.

1976-01-01

The testing of a standard iron and standard alnico permanent magnet two-phase, brushless dc spin motor for potential application to the space telescope has been concluded. The purpose of this study was to determine spin motor power losses, magnetic drag, efficiency and torque speed characteristics of a high torque dc motor. The motor was designed and built to fit an existing reaction wheel as a test vehicle and to use existing brass-board commutation and torque command electronics. The results of the tests are included in this report.

On Stability of Open-Loop Operation without Rotor Information for Brushless DC Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhong Wu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Open-loop operation mode is often used to control the Brushless DC Motors (BLDCMs without rotor position sensors when the back electromotive force (EMF is too weak due to the very low rotor velocity. The rotor position information is not necessary in this mode and the stator windings are supplied with voltages under a certain ratio of the amplitude to the frequency. However, the rotor synchronization will be destroyed once if the commutation instant is inappropriate. In order to improve the reliability of the open-loop operation mode, a dynamic equation is established to represent the synchronization error between the rotor and the stator. Thereafter, the stability of the open-loop control mode is analyzed by using Lyapunov indirect method. Theoretical analysis indicates that the open-loop control mode is asymptotically stable only when the commutation instant of the stator current lags behind the ideal one suitably. Finally, theoretical analysis is verified through the experimental results of a certain BLDCM.

Analytical modeling of the dynamics of brushless dc motors for aerospace applications: A conceptual framework

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A. O.

1976-01-01

The modes of operation of the brushless d.c. machine and its corresponding characteristics (current flow, torque-position, etc.) are presented. The foundations and basic principles on which the preliminary numerical model is based, are discussed.

A CSMP commutation model for design study of a brushless dc motor power conditioner for a cruise missile fin control actuator

Science.gov (United States)

MacMillan, P. N.

1985-06-01

Recent improvements in rare earth magnets have made it possible to construct strong, lightweight, high horsepower dc motors. This has occasioned a reassessment of electromechanical actuators as alternatives to comparable pneumatic and hydraulic systems for use as flight control actuators for tactical missiles. A dynamic equivalent circuit model for the analysis of a small four pole brushless dc motor fed by a transistorized power conditioner utilizing high speed switching power transistors as final elements is presented. The influence of electronic commutation on instantaneous dynamic motor performance is particularly demonstrated and good correlation between computer simulation and typical experimentally obtained performance data is achieved. The model is implemented in CSMP language and features more accurate air gap flux representation over previous work. Hall effect sensor rotor position feedback is simulated. Both constant and variable air gap flux is modeled and the variable flux model treats the flux as a fundamental and one harmonic.

Three dimensional force prediction in a model linear brushless dc motor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moghani, J.S.; Eastham, J.F.; Akmese, R.; Hill-Cottingham, R.J. (Univ. of Bath (United Kingdom). School of Electronic and Electric Engineering)

1994-11-01

Practical results are presented for the three axes forces produced on the primary of a linear brushless dc machine which is supplied from a three-phase delta-modulated inverter. Conditions of both lateral alignment and lateral displacement are considered. Finite element analysis using both two and three dimensional modeling is compared with the practical results. It is shown that a modified two dimensional model is adequate, where it can be used, in the aligned position and that the full three dimensional method gives good results when the machine is axially misaligned.

Rotor Pole Shape Optimization of Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors Using the Reduced Basis Technique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

GHOLAMIAN, A. S.

2009-06-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a magnet shape optimization method for reduction of cogging torque and torque ripple in Permanent Magnet (PM brushless DC motors is presented by using the reduced basis technique coupled by finite element and design of experiments methods. The primary objective of the method is to reduce the enormous number of design variables required to define the magnet shape. The reduced basis technique is a weighted combination of several basis shapes. The aim of the method is to find the best combination using the weights for each shape as the design variables. A multi-level design process is developed to find suitable basis shapes or trial shapes at each level that can be used in the reduced basis technique. Each level is treated as a separated optimization problem until the required objective is achieved. The experimental design of Taguchi method is used to build the approximation model and to perform optimization. This method is demonstrated on the magnet shape optimization of a 6-poles/18-slots PM BLDC motor.

Mathematical field models of brushless DC motors with permanent magnets and their comparative analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A.V. Matyuschenko

2015-03-01

Full Text Available By means of JMAG-Designer 12 the author performed a comparative analysis of the calculation of the EMF, cogging torque and electromagnetic torque of brushless motor with permanent magnets in two-dimensional and three-dimensional formulation of the problem.

A Novel Approach for Brushless DC Motors Characterization in Drones Based on Chaos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ramon L. V. Medeiros

2018-04-01

Full Text Available A novel technique named Signal Analysis based on Chaos using Density of Maxima (SAC-DM is presented to analyze Brushless Direct Current (BLDC motors behavior. These motors are vastly used in electric vehicles, especially in Drones. The proposed approach is compared with the traditional Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT and the experiments analyzing a BLDC motor of a drone demonstrates similar results but computationally simpler than that. The main contribution of this technique is the possibility to analyze signals in time domain, instead of the frequency domain. It is possible to identify working and faulty behavior with less computational resources than the traditional approach.

Aspects Concerning the Torque Ripple Control of the Brushless DC Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

BALUTA, G.

2013-05-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with two advanced numerical structures to control the electromagnetic torque ripple of Brushless Direct Current Motors (BLDCM, indirectly achieved by phase currents control and directly by the Direct Torque Control (DTC technique. In DTC there was implemented an observer to increase the rudimentary transducer resolution, containing three Hall Effect sensors. The experimental results describe the evolution of torque in both situations of control and are obtained by applying a control strategy for an electric drive system with BLDCM with trapezoidal Back-EMF in Two-Phase Mode.

Desarrollo de un controlador para motores DC brushless basado en CompactRIO y LabVIEW de National Instruments para el estudio de nuevos algoritmos de control

OpenAIRE

García Haro, Juan Miguel

2011-01-01

Este proyecto que el CAR inició hace pocos años tiene como objetivo principal el estudio y desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías en el campo de actuación y control automático, que servirá de base para otras futuras investigaciones dentro del centro. La tecnología a la que se hace mención se refiere al control de actuadores basados en motores DC brushless (BLDC Motors) empleando el sistema de hardware embebido CompactRIO y programación LabVIEW de National Instruments. Tradicionalmente se emplea en ...

Electromagnetic-Thermal Integrated Design Optimization for Hypersonic Vehicle Short-Time Duty PM Brushless DC Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Quanwu Li

2016-01-01

Full Text Available High reliability is required for the permanent magnet brushless DC motor (PM-BLDCM in an electrical pump of hypersonic vehicle. The PM-BLDCM is a short-time duty motor with high-power-density. Since thermal equilibrium is not reached for the PM-BLDCM, the temperature distribution is not uniform and there is a risk of local overheating. The winding is a main heat source and its insulation is thermally sensitive, so reducing the winding temperature rise is the key to the improvement of the reliability. In order to reduce the winding temperature rise, an electromagnetic-thermal integrated design optimization method is proposed. The method is based on electromagnetic analysis and thermal transient analysis. The requirements and constraints of electromagnetic and thermal design are considered in this method. The split ratio and the maximum flux density in stator lamination, which are highly relevant to the windings temperature rise, are optimized analytically. The analytical results are verified by finite element analysis (FEA and experiments. The maximum error between the analytical and the FEA results is 4%. The errors between the analytical and measured windings temperature rise are less than 8%. It can be proved that the method can obtain the optimal design accurately to reduce the winding temperature rise.

A simple approach to detect and correct signal faults of Hall position sensors for brushless DC motors at steady speed

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Yongli; Wu, Zhong; Zhi, Kangyi; Xiong, Jun

2018-03-01

In order to realize reliable commutation of brushless DC motors (BLDCMs), a simple approach is proposed to detect and correct signal faults of Hall position sensors in this paper. First, the time instant of the next jumping edge for Hall signals is predicted by using prior information of pulse intervals in the last electrical period. Considering the possible errors between the predicted instant and the real one, a confidence interval is set by using the predicted value and a suitable tolerance for the next pulse edge. According to the relationship between the real pulse edge and the confidence interval, Hall signals can be judged and the signal faults can be corrected. Experimental results of a BLDCM at steady speed demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.

Research of influence of open-winding faults on properties of brushless permanent magnets motor

Science.gov (United States)

Bogusz, Piotr; Korkosz, Mariusz; Powrózek, Adam; Prokop, Jan; Wygonik, Piotr

2017-12-01

The paper presents an analysis of influence of selected fault states on properties of brushless DC motor with permanent magnets. The subject of study was a BLDC motor designed by the authors for unmanned aerial vehicle hybrid drive. Four parallel branches per each phase were provided in the discussed 3-phase motor. After open-winding fault in single or few parallel branches, a further operation of the motor can be continued. Waveforms of currents, voltages and electromagnetic torque were determined in discussed fault states based on the developed mathematical and simulation models. Laboratory test results concerning an influence of open-windings faults in parallel branches on properties of BLDC motor were presented.

Research of influence of open-winding faults on properties of brushless permanent magnets motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bogusz Piotr

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The paper presents an analysis of influence of selected fault states on properties of brushless DC motor with permanent magnets. The subject of study was a BLDC motor designed by the authors for unmanned aerial vehicle hybrid drive. Four parallel branches per each phase were provided in the discussed 3-phase motor. After open-winding fault in single or few parallel branches, a further operation of the motor can be continued. Waveforms of currents, voltages and electromagnetic torque were determined in discussed fault states based on the developed mathematical and simulation models. Laboratory test results concerning an influence of open-windings faults in parallel branches on properties of BLDC motor were presented.

Sensorless Control of PM Synchronous Motors and Brushless DC Motors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Montesinos, D.; Galceran, Samuel; Blaabjerg, Frede

2005-01-01

This paper provides a review of the literature addressing sensorless operation methods of PM brushless machines. The methods explained are state-of-the-art of open and closed loop control strategies. The closed loop review includes those methods based on voltage and current measurements, those me...

Electronically commutated dc motors for electric vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Maslowski, E. A.

1981-01-01

A motor development program to explore the feasibility of electronically commutated dc motors (also known as brushless) for electric cars is described. Two different design concepts and a number of design variations based on these concepts are discussed. One design concept is based on a permanent magnet, medium speed, machine rated at 7000 to 9000 rpm, and powered via a transistor inverter power conditioner. The other concept is based on a permanent magnet, high speed, machine rated at 22,000 to 26,000 rpm, and powered via a thyristor inverter power conditioner. Test results are presented for a medium speed motor and a high speed motor each of which have been fabricated using samarium cobalt permanent magnet material.

Closed loop performance of a brushless dc motor powered electromechanical actuator for flight control applications. [computerized simulation for Shuttle Orbiter applications

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A.; Nehl, T. W.

1980-01-01

A comprehensive digital model for the analysis and possible optimization of the closed loop dynamic (instantaneous) performance of a power conditioner fed, brushless dc motor powered, electromechanical actuator system (EMA) is presented. This model was developed for the simulation of the dynamic performance of an actual prototype EMA built for NASA-JSC as a possible alternative to hydraulic actuators for consideration in Space Shuttle Orbiter applications. Excellent correlation was achieved between numerical model simulation and experimental test results obtained from the actual hardware. These results include: various current and voltage waveforms in the machine-power conditioner (MPC) unit, flap position as well as other control loop variables in response to step commands of change of flap position. These results with consequent conclusions are detailed in the paper.

Improved transistor-controlled and commutated brushless DC motors for electric vehicle propulsion

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A.; Miller, R. H.; Nehl, T. W.; Nyamusa, T. A.

1983-01-01

The development, design, construction, and testing processes of two electronically (transistor) controlled and commutated permanent magnet brushless dc machine systems, for propulsion of electric vehicles are detailed. One machine system was designed and constructed using samarium cobalt for permanent magnets, which supply the rotor (field) excitation. Meanwhile, the other machine system was designed and constructed with strontium ferrite permanent magnets as the source of rotor (field) excitation. These machine systems were designed for continuous rated power output of 15 hp (11.2 kw), and a peak one minute rated power output of 35 hp (26.1 kw). Both power ratings are for a rated voltage of 115 volts dc, assuming a voltage drop in the source (battery) of about 5 volts. That is, an internal source voltage of 120 volts dc. Machine-power conditioner system computer-aided simulations were used extensively in the design process. These simulations relied heavily on the magnetic field analysis in these machines using the method of finite elements, as well as methods of modeling of the machine power conditioner system dynamic interaction. These simulation processes are detailed. Testing revealed that typical machine system efficiencies at 15 hp (11.2 kw) were about 88% and 84% for the samarium cobalt and strontium ferrite based machine systems, respectively. Both systems met the peak one minute rating of 35 hp.

Extending the Constant Power Speed Range of the Brushless DC Motor through Dual Mode Inverter Control -- Part I: Theory and Simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lawler, J.S.

2001-01-01

An inverter topology and control scheme has been developed that can drive low-inductance, surface-mounted permanent magnet motors over the wide constant power speed range required in electric vehicle applications. This new controller is called the dual-mode inverter control (DMIC)[1]. The DMIC can drive either the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) with sinusoidal back emf, or the brushless dc machine (BDCM) with trapezoidal emf in the motoring and regenerative braking modes. In this paper we concentrate on the BDCM under high-speed motoring conditions. Simulation results show that if all motor and inverter loss mechanisms are neglected, the constant power speed range of the DMIC is infinite. The simulation results are supported by closed form expressions for peak and rms motor current and average power derived from analytical solution to the differential equations governing the DMIC/BDCM drive for the lossless case. The analytical solution shows that the range of motor inductance that can be accommodated by the DMIC is more than an order of magnitude such that the DMIC is compatible with both low- and high-inductance BDCMs. Finally, method is given for integrating the classical hysteresis band current control, used for motor control below base speed, with the phase advance of DMIC that is applied above base speed. The power versus speed performance of the DMIC is then simulated across the entire speed range

A simple overlap angle control strategy for reducing commutation torque ripple in a brushless DC motor drive

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chetan K. Lad

2017-08-01

Full Text Available A commutation torque ripple is generated in a brushless DC motor due to a finite time taken for current transfer between outgoing phase and incoming phase due to the phase inductance. The effect of commutation ripple will be more severe for low voltage high current BLDC drives used for automotive applications. Direct Torque Control (DTC techniques are used to reduce the torque ripple. Two phase conduction with six voltage space vectors and three phase conduction with twelve voltage space vectors with DTC are used to reduce the torque ripple. Twelve Step DTC (TSDTC is capable of reducing torque ripple considerably but at the cost of increased inverter and winding losses. In Six Step DTC (SSDTC the torque ripple is higher than that of TSDTC but with reduced winding and inverter losses. In this paper an attempt has been made to strike a balance between torque ripple and losses. A novel Direct Torque Control with twelve voltage space vector with overlap angle control has been proposed. The proposed method is validated through simulation and experimental results.

Extending the Constant Power Speed Range of the Brushless DC Motor through Dual Mode Inverter Control - Part II: Laboratory Proof-of-Principle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lawler, J.S.

2001-01-01

Previous theoretical work has shown that when all loss mechanisms are neglected the constant power speed range (CPSR) of a brushless dc motor (BDCM) is infinite when the motor is driven by the dual-mode inverter control (DMIC)[1,2]. In a physical drive, losses, particularly speed-sensitive losses, will limit the CPSR to a finite value. In this paper we report the results of laboratory testing of a low-inductance, 7.5-hp BDCM driven by the DMIC. The speed rating of the test motor rotor limited the upper speed of the testing, and the results show that the CPSR of the test machine is greater than 6:1 when driven by the DMIC. Current wave shape, peak, and rms values remained controlled and within rating over the entire speed range. The laboratory measurements allowed the speed-sensitive losses to be quantified and incorporated into computer simulation models, which then accurately reproduce the results of lab testing. The simulator shows that the limiting CPSR of the test motor is 8:1. These results confirm that the DMIC is capable of driving low-inductance BDCMs over the wide CPSR that would be required in electric vehicle applications

Electrotechnics - AC motors. Asynchronous and brush-less motors - Lecture and exercises with solutions; Electrotechnique - Moteurs a courant alternatif. Moteurs asynchrones et brushless - Cours et problemes resolus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jacob, D.

2005-07-01

This book proposes a presentation of AC electric motors essentially based on physics and technology. Its originality consists in avoiding to use mathematical formulations (like Park's transformation). The modeling retained, which only uses magnetic momentum, magnetic fields and reluctance concepts, leads simply and naturally to the vectorial control principle. The book develops some lecture elements which includes some topics rarely considered like the dimensioning of an asynchronous motor or of a single-phase brush-less motor. Experimental results illustrate the physical phenomena described and many original problems are resolved and commented at the end of each chapter. Content: signals and systems in electrotechnics, torque and rotating magnetic fields generation, asynchronous machine in permanent regime, speed variation of the asynchronous motor, special asynchronous motors, synchronous machine in permanent regime, brush-less motor, note about step motors, note about inverters, index. (J.S.)

Slotless brushless permanent magnet motor and winding topologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Y.S.; Zhu, Z.Q.; Howe, D.; Hu, G.F.

1998-01-01

In the paper, the merits of alternative slotless brushless permanent magnet motor and winding topologies are investigated, using 2-D analytical models embodied with CAD design software. The design optimisation of both internal and external rotor motors, with and without stator back-iron, and with either overlapping or non-overlapping winding, is considered. (orig.)

Systematic Design of a Magnetically Levitated Brushless DC Motor for a Reversible Rotary Intra-Aortic Blood Pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yaxin; Logan, Thomas G; Smith, P Alex; Hsu, Po-Lin; Cohn, William E; Xu, Liping; McMahon, Richard A

2017-10-01

The IntraVAD is a miniature intra-aortic ventricular assist device (VAD) designed to work in series with the compromised left ventricle. A reverse-rotation control (RRc) mode has been developed to increase myocardial perfusion and reduce ventricular volume. The RRc mode includes forward rotation in systole and reverse rotation in diastole, which requires the IntraVAD to periodically reverse its rotational direction in synchrony with the cardiac cycle. This periodic reversal leads to changes in pressure force over the impeller, which makes the entire system less stable. To eliminate the mechanical wear of a contact bearing and provide active control over the axial position of the rotor, a miniature magnetically levitated bearing (i.e., the PM-Coil module) composed of two concentric permanent magnetic (PM) rings and a pair of coils-one on each side-was proposed to provide passive radial and active axial rotor stabilization. In the early design stage, the numerical finite element method (FEM) was used to optimize the geometry of the brushless DC (BLDC) motor and the maglev module, but constructing a new model each time certain design parameters were adjusted required substantial computation time. Because the design criteria for the module had to be modified to account for the magnetic force produced by the motor and for the hemodynamic changes associated with pump operation, a simplified analytic expression was derived for the expected magnetic forces. Suitable bearings could then be designed capable of overcoming these forces without repeating the complicated FEM simulation for the motor. Using this method at the initial design stage can inform the design of the miniature maglev BLDC motor for the proposed pulsatile axial-flow VAD. © 2017 International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

"Long life" DC brush motor for use on the Mars surveyor program

Science.gov (United States)

Braun, David; Noon, Don

1998-01-01

DC brush motors have several qualities which make them very attractive for space flight applications. Their mechanical commutation is simple and lightweight, requiring no external sensing and control in order to function properly. They are extremely efficient in converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. Efficiencies over 80% are not uncommon, resulting in high power throughput to weight ratios. However, the inherent unreliability and short life of sliding electrical contacts, especially in vacuum, have driven previous programs to utilize complex brushless DC or the less efficient stepper motors. The Mars Surveyor Program (MSP'98) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) have developed a reliable "long life" brush type DC motor for operation in low temperature, low pressure CO2 and N2, utilizing silver-graphite brushes. The original intent was to utilize this same motor for SRTM's space operation, but the results thus far have been unsatisfactory in vacuum. This paper describes the design, test, and results of this development.

Position and Speed Control of Brushless DC Motors Using Sensorless Techniques and Application Trends

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaime Gómez-Gil

2010-07-01

Full Text Available This paper provides a technical review of position and speed sensorless methods for controlling Brushless Direct Current (BLDC motor drives, including the background analysis using sensors, limitations and advances. The performance and reliability of BLDC motor drivers have been improved because the conventional control and sensing techniques have been improved through sensorless technology. Then, in this paper sensorless advances are reviewed and recent developments in this area are introduced with their inherent advantages and drawbacks, including the analysis of practical implementation issues and applications. The study includes a deep overview of state-of-the-art back-EMF sensing methods, which includes Terminal Voltage Sensing, Third Harmonic Voltage Integration, Terminal Current Sensing, Back-EMF Integration and PWM strategies. Also, the most relevant techniques based on estimation and models are briefly analysed, such as Sliding-mode Observer, Extended Kalman Filter, Model Reference Adaptive System, Adaptive observers (Full-order and Pseudoreduced-order and Artificial Neural Networks.

Power conditioning for large dc motors for space flight applications

Science.gov (United States)

Veatch, Martin S.; Anderson, Paul M.; Eason, Douglas J.; Landis, David M.

1988-01-01

The design and performance of a prototype power-conditioning system for use with large brushless dc motors on NASA space missions are discussed in detail and illustrated with extensive diagrams, drawings, and graphs. The 5-kW 8-phase parallel module evaluated here would be suitable for use in the Space Shuttle Orbiter cargo bay. A current-balancing magnetic assembly with low distributed inductance permits high-speed current switching from a low-voltage bus as well as current balancing between parallel MOSFETs.

Design and implementation of a low-cost maximization power conversion system for brushless DC generator

OpenAIRE

Abolfazl Halvaei Niasar; AmirHossein Sabbaghean

2017-01-01

This paper presents a simple and low-cost method to capture maximum power throughput of permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) generator. Conventional methods of rectification are based on passive converters, and because the current waveform cannot be controlled as ideal waveform, a highly distorted current is drawn from brushless generator. It leads to lower power factor and reduces the efficiency and power per ampere capability. So, in this study an active six-witch power converter is employe...

Harmonic Fluxes and Electromagnetic Forces of Concentric Winding Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Ishibashi, Fuminori; Takemasa, Ryo; Matsushita, Makoto; Nishizawa, Takashi; Noda, Shinichi

Brushless permanent magnet motors have been widely used in home applications and industrial fields. These days, high efficiency and low noise motors are demanded from the view point of environment. Electromagnetic noise and iron loss of the motor are produced by the harmonic fluxes and electromagnetic forces. However, order and space pattern of these have not been discussed in detail. In this paper, fluxes, electromagnetic forces and magneto-motive forces of brushless permanent magnet motors with concentric winding were analyzed analytically, experimentally and numerically. Time harmonic fluxes and time electromagnetic forces in the air gap were measured by search coils on the inner surface of the stator teeth and analyzed by FEM. Space pattern of time harmonic fluxes and time electromagnetic forces were worked out with experiments and FEM. Magneto motive forces due to concentric winding were analyzed with equations and checked by FEM.

Brushless DC motor drives supplied by PV power system based on Z-source inverter and FL-IC MPPT controller

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mozaffari Niapour, S.A.KH.; Danyali, S.; Sharifian, M.B.B.; Feyzi, M.R.

2011-01-01

Highlights: → Employing the BLDC motor in water pumping systems. → Utilizing the ZSI as a single-stage power converter in the PV water pumping systems based on BLDC motor. → Improvement of the conventional IC MPPT method with the fuzzy logic control scheme to save more energy from the PV array. → Taking the advantages of the DTC drive of the BLDC motor. → Optimizing the water pumping system speed response characteristic by PSO. - Abstract: This paper discusses operation performance of a water pumping system consist of a brushless dc (BLDC) motor coupled a centrifugal pump and accompanying a Z-source inverter (ZSI) fed by a photovoltaic (PV) array, to be improved. Despite conventional double-stage power converters, this paper proposes utilizing a single-stage ZSI to extract the maximum power of the PV array and supply the BLDC motor simultaneously. Utilizing the ZSI provides some inherent advantages such as high efficiency and low cost, which is very promising for PV systems due to its novel voltage buck/boost capability. In addition, in order to precisely perform the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of the PV array the fuzzy logic-incremental conductance (FL-IC) MPPT scheme is proposed. The proposed FL-IC MPPT scheme provides enough modification to the conventional IC method to enjoy an appropriate variable step size MPPT control signal for the ZSI. Moreover, direct torque control (DTC) is found more effective in comparison with hysteresis current control with current shaping to drive the BLDC motor, because it benefits from faster torque response, reduced torque ripple, less sensitivity to parameters variations, and simple implementation. In the mean time, due to the frequently variations of the PV power generation; delivered mechanical power to the centrifugal pump is variable. Thus, the BLDC motor should be driven with variable reference speed. In order to improve the speed transient response of the BLDC motor and enhance the energy saving aspect of

Design and implementation of a low-cost maximization power conversion system for brushless DC generator

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abolfazl Halvaei Niasar

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a simple and low-cost method to capture maximum power throughput of permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC generator. Conventional methods of rectification are based on passive converters, and because the current waveform cannot be controlled as ideal waveform, a highly distorted current is drawn from brushless generator. It leads to lower power factor and reduces the efficiency and power per ampere capability. So, in this study an active six-witch power converter is employed and based on the phase back-EMF voltage, an optimum current waveform is generated. The phase currents are controlled inphase to phase voltages and their magnitudes are adjusted to regulate the DC-link voltage. Proposed control theory is verified by simulations for BLDC generator and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG. Moreover, some experimental results are given to demonstrate the theoretical and simulation results.

Pulse Width Modulator Controller Design for a Brushless DC Motor Position Servo.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-06-01

REQC1,REQC2, lAB, ZEC , ICA, 4. + PVAO, Fy5, PVCO,NODE,TRIG1,TRIG2,TRIG3 ,TRIG4, + TRIG5,TRIGS,RA,PLUGVAIMD,VBIND,VCIND) c call TCONST(ICQl, .75-SWl...DC Motors, Master’s Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Ca., September 1984. 2. MacMillan, Peter N., A CSMP Commutation Model for .’. Design

High-temperature brushless DC motor controller

Science.gov (United States)

Cieslewski, Crzegorz; Lindblom, Scott C.; Maldonado, Frank J.; Eckert, Michael Nathan

2017-05-16

A motor control system for deployment in high temperature environments includes a controller; a first half-bridge circuit that includes a first high-side switching element and a first low-side switching element; a second half-bridge circuit that includes a second high-side switching element and a second low-side switching element; and a third half-bridge circuit that includes a third high-side switching element and a third; low-side switching element. The motor controller is arranged to apply a pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme to switch the first half-bridge circuit, second half-bridge circuit, and third half-bridge circuit to power a motor.

Application of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm and Finite Element Analysis for Optimum Design of Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reza Ilka

2012-04-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT: This paper develops a mathematical relationship for the purpose of designing and selecting the optimum dimensions of a brushless permanent magnet motor. The design is optimised by the use of artificial bee colony algorithm with the goal of maximizing the power density and efficiency of the motor. The required dimensions of the brushless motor are calculated based on the optimum power density and efficiency requirements. Finally, the predicted results of the optimisation are validated using a 2-D numerical program based on finite element analysis.ABSTRAK: Kajian ini mencadangkan persamaan yang menghubungkan rekabentuk dan dimensi magnet motor kekal tanpa berus. Rekabentuk optima berdasarkan algorisma koloni lebah tiruan dengan tujuan meningkatkan ketumpatan kuasa dan keberkesanan dibentangkan dalam kajian ini. Dimensi magnet motor kekal tanpa berus dihitung dengan ketumpatan kuasa optima dan keberkesanan. Akhirnya, keputusan telah disahkan dengan menggunakan program berangka 2-D berdasarkan analisis elemen finit.KEYWORDS: brushless; permanent magnet motor; power density; artificial bee colony; algorithm; finite element analysis

DC drive system for cine/pulse cameras

Science.gov (United States)

Gerlach, R. H.; Sharpsteen, J. T.; Solheim, C. D.; Stoap, L. J.

1977-01-01

Camera-drive functions are separated mechanically into two groups which are driven by two separate dc brushless motors. First motor, a 90 deg stepper, drives rotating shutter; second electronically commutated motor drives claw and film transport. Shutter is made of one piece but has two openings for slow and fast exposures.

The Model of Brushless Dc Motor Drive

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aurelijus Pitrėnas

2013-05-01

Full Text Available The research considered the operation, control, mathematical and simulation models of BLDC motor. A simplified idealized simulation model was designed and tested using Matlab Simulink software package. The simulation model uses Hall effect sensor signals for determining the rotor position. Simulation was done for Maxon, EC-4 pole 22 BL A series motor. The obtained model testing results deviate from the data supplied by the motor manufacturer by as little as 0.2–10.6%; consequently, the implemented model is suitable for BLDC motor control study and research.Article in Lithuanian

High performance magnetic bearings suitable for noise cancellation in permanent magnet motor driven pumps

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zmood, R.; Cholewka, J.; Patak, C.; Feng, G.; Zhang, C.; Maleri, T.; Pinder, B.; McDonald, R.; Homrigh, J.

1991-01-01

Conventional pumps having external drive motors experience problems due to bearing noise. In addition failure of bearings and seals can lead to limited operational reliability and impaired integrity of these pumps. Pumps using DC brushless motors and magnetic bearings offer means of overcoming these problems. A design of a pump having a DC brushless motor and magnetic bearings with a potential for Naval applications in ships and submarines is discussed. In this paper attention is given to the selection of the magnetic bearings suitable for achieving active noise cancellation

Method and apparatus for sensorless operation of brushless permanent magnet motors

Science.gov (United States)

Sriram, Tillasthanam V.

1998-01-01

A sensorless method and apparatus for providing commutation timing signals for a brushless permanent magnet motor extracts the third harmonic back-emf of a three-phase stator winding and independently cyclically integrates the positive and negative half-cycles thereof and compares the results to a reference level associated with a desired commutation angle.

Method and apparatus for sensorless operation of brushless permanent magnet motors

Science.gov (United States)

Sriram, T.V.

1998-04-14

A sensorless method and apparatus for providing commutation timing signals for a brushless permanent magnet motor extracts the third harmonic back-emf of a three-phase stator winding and independently cyclically integrates the positive and negative half-cycles thereof and compares the results to a reference level associated with a desired commutation angle. 23 figs.

Permanent magnet brushless DC motor drives and controls

CERN Document Server

Xia, Chang-liang

2012-01-01

An advanced introduction to the simulation and hardware implementation of BLDC motor drives A thorough reference on the simulation and hardware implementation of BLDC motor drives, this book covers recent advances in the control of BLDC motor drives, including intelligent control, sensorless control, torque ripple reduction and hardware implementation. With the guidance of the expert author team, readers will understand the principle, modelling, design and control of BLDC motor drives. The advanced control methods and new achievements of BLDC motor drives, of interest to more a

DC Home Appliances for DC Distribution System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MUHAMMAD KAMRAN

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This paper strengthens the idea of DC distribution system for DC microgrid consisting of a building of 50 apartments. Since the war of currents AC system has been dominant because of the paucity of research in the protection of the DC system. Now with the advance research in power electronics material and components, generation of electricity is inherently DC as by solar PV, fuel cell and thermoelectric generator that eliminates the rectification process. Transformers are replaced by the power electronics buck-boost converters. DC circuit breakers have solved the protection problems for both DC transmission and distribution system. In this paper 308V DC microgrid is proposed and home appliances (DC internal are modified to operate on 48V DC from DC distribution line. Instead of using universal and induction motors in rotary appliances, BLDC (Brushless DC motors are proposed that are highly efficient with minimum electro-mechanical and no commutation losses. Proposed DC system reduces the power conversion stages, hence diminishes the associated power losses and standby losses that boost the overall system efficiency. So in view of all this a conventional AC system can be replaced by a DC system that has many advantages by cost as well as by performance

Research on Modeling and Control of Regenerative Braking for Brushless DC Machines Driven Electric Vehicles

OpenAIRE

Jian-ping Wen; Chuan-wei Zhang

2015-01-01

In order to improve energy utilization rate of battery-powered electric vehicle (EV) using brushless DC machine (BLDCM), the model of braking current generated by regenerative braking and control method are discussed. On the basis of the equivalent circuit of BLDCM during the generative braking period, the mathematic model of braking current is established. By using an extended state observer (ESO) to observe actual braking current and the unknown disturbances of regenerative braking system, ...

A Hybrid Model of a Brushless DC Motor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendtsen, Jan Dimon; Hansen, Hans Brink; Kallesøe, Carsten Skovmose

2007-01-01

in this work consists of a general automaton with discrete states, combined with a set of continuous dynamic equations describing the electro-mechanical behavior of the motor. One of the significant benefits of this strategy is that the model describes the motor under all possible operating conditions...

Hall effect encoding of brushless dc motors

Science.gov (United States)

Berard, C. A.; Furia, T. J.; Goldberg, E. A.; Greene, R. C.

1970-01-01

Encoding mechanism integral to the motor and using the permanent magnets embedded in the rotor eliminates the need for external devices to encode information relating the position and velocity of the rotating member.

Energy-Regenerative Braking Control of Electric Vehicles Using Three-Phase Brushless Direct-Current Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bo Long

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Regenerative braking provides an effective way of extending the driving range of battery powered electric vehicles (EVs. This paper analyzes the equivalent power circuit and operation principles of an EV using regenerative braking control technology. During the braking period, the switching sequence of the power converter is controlled to inverse the output torque of the three-phase brushless direct-current (DC motor, so that the braking energy can be returned to the battery. Compared with the presented methods, this technology can achieve several goals: energy recovery, electric braking, ultra-quiet braking and extending the driving range. Merits and drawbacks of different braking control strategy are further elaborated. State-space model of the EVs under energy-regenerative braking operation is established, considering that parameter variations are unavoidable due to temperature change, measured error, un-modeled dynamics, external disturbance and time-varying system parameters, a sliding mode robust controller (SMRC is designed and implemented. Phase current and DC-link voltage are selected as the state variables, respectively. The corresponding control law is also provided. The proposed control scheme is compared with a conventional proportional-integral (PI controller. A laboratory EV for experiment is setup to verify the proposed scheme. Experimental results show that the drive range of EVs can be improved about 17% using the proposed controller with energy-regeneration control.

Efficiency Characteristics of Low Power Hybrid Switched Reluctance Motor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jakobsen, Uffe; Ahn, Jin-Woo

2009-01-01

Switched reluctance motors (SRM) are usually considered inferior in terms of efficiency as compared to permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) and brushless DC-motors (BLDC), but less costly. This article presents a test of a 70W hybrid switched reluctance motor (HSRM), that archieves a peak...... efficiency for the motor drive of more than 74%, and an efficiency for the motor of almost 80%....

Programmable dc motor controller

Science.gov (United States)

Hopwood, J. E.

1982-11-01

A portable programmable dc motor controller, with features not available on commercial instruments was developed for controlling fixtures during welding processes. The controller can be used to drive any dc motor having tachometer feedback and motor requirements not exceeding 30 volts, 3 amperes. Among the controller's features are delayed start time, upslope time, speed, and downslope time.

Design and Testing of Boost Type DC/DC Converter for DC Motor Control Applications

OpenAIRE

Samman, Faizal Arya; Akil, Yusri Syam; Noor, Nirwan A.

2017-01-01

in The Proceeding of The 2nd International Symposium on Smart Material and Mechatronics 2015 This paper presents the design and testing of a boost type DC/DC converter circuit, which can be used for DC motor control applications. The Boost converter is designed using DC chopper and DC chopper cascade configurations. The experimental setup was made by connecting the boost converter circuit with four types of DC motor, i.e. self-excited DC motor shunt, series, compound and separately exci...

A Novel Control Algorithm Expressions Set for not Negligible Resistive Parameters PM Brushless AC Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renato RIZZO

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with Permanent Magnet Brushless Motors. In particular is proposed a new set of control algorithm expressions that is realized taking into account resistive parameters of the motor, differently from simplified models of this type of motors where these parameters are usually neglected. The control is set up and an analysis of the performance is reported in the paper, where the validation of the new expressions is done with reference to a motor prototype particularly compact because is foreseen for application on tram propulsion drives. The results are evidenced in the last part of the paper.

Halbach array DC motor/generator

Science.gov (United States)

Merritt, B.T.; Dreifuerst, G.R.; Post, R.F.

1998-01-06

A new configuration of DC motor/generator is based on a Halbach array of permanent magnets. This motor does not use ferrous materials so that the only losses are winding losses and losses due to bearings and windage. An ``inside-out`` design is used as compared to a conventional motor/generator design. The rotating portion, i.e., the rotor, is on the outside of the machine. The stationary portion, i.e., the stator, is formed by the inside of the machine. The rotor contains an array of permanent magnets that provide a uniform field. The windings of the motor are placed in or on the stator. The stator windings are then ``switched`` or ``commutated`` to provide a DC motor/generator much the same as in a conventional DC motor. The commutation can be performed by mechanical means using brushes or by electronic means using switching circuits. The invention is useful in electric vehicles and adjustable speed DC drives. 17 figs.

Halbach array DC motor/generator

Science.gov (United States)

Merritt, Bernard T.; Dreifuerst, Gary R.; Post, Richard F.

1998-01-01

A new configuration of DC motor/generator is based on a Halbach array of permanent magnets. This motor does not use ferrous materials so that the only losses are winding losses and losses due to bearings and windage. An "inside-out" design is used as compared to a conventional motor/generator design. The rotating portion, i.e., the rotor, is on the outside of the machine. The stationary portion, i.e., the stator, is formed by the inside of the machine. The rotor contains an array of permanent magnets that provide a uniform field. The windings of the motor are placed in or on the stator. The stator windings are then "switched" or "commutated" to provide a DC motor/generator much the same as in a conventional DC motor. The commutation can be performed by mechanical means using brushes or by electronic means using switching circuits. The invention is useful in electric vehicles and adjustable speed DC drives.

DSP implementation of a PV system with GA-MLP-NN based MPPT controller supplying BLDC motor drive

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akkaya, R.; Kulaksiz, A.A.; Aydogdu, O.

2007-01-01

This paper presents a brushless dc motor drive for heating, ventilating and air conditioning fans, which is utilized as the load of a photovoltaic system with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The MPPT controller is based on a genetic assisted, multi-layer perceptron neural network (GA-MLP-NN) structure and includes a DC-DC boost converter. Genetic assistance in the neural network is used to optimize the size of the hidden layer. Also, for training the network, a genetic assisted, Levenberg-Marquardt (GA-LM) algorithm is utilized. The off line GA-MLP-NN, trained by this hybrid algorithm, is utilized for online estimation of the voltage and current values in the maximum power point. A brushless dc (BLDC) motor drive system that incorporates a motor controller with proportional integral (PI) speed control loop is successfully implemented to operate the fans. The digital signal processor (DSP) based unit provides rapid achievement of the MPPT and current control of the BLDC motor drive. The performance results of the system are given, and experimental results are presented for a laboratory prototype of 120 W

Pulsewidth Modulated Speed Control of Brushless DC Motors.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-09-01

sped acca - racy of the motoc is defined as tne difference Letweer the maximum and mir.imum motor speed divided by the commai. =e/ s~eed. TABLE I Motor...TO = .OOC C L N I5 THE SYvSTEM ELECTRICAL TIME CONSTANT lN = INCIC/RES F6 (1.c/FREcj D C/100. lIME =Ph 71ME2 l .CiFJREQ PMs C C EO IS THE BACK EtMF C...iu-8.2 J WR ITE (b , -0 I rI M 50 FGRM AT 11 ) t’I1N: 0,Fl 0 3,v ItM : a F10..3) WRITE (6t CC) IAV,IRMS 100 f -.FM tT 1 Xj IAV = ’ ,F 8.4,, v I11RMS F6

DC Motor control using motor-generator set with controlled generator field

Science.gov (United States)

Belsterling, Charles A.; Stone, John

1982-01-01

A d.c. generator is connected in series opposed to the polarity of a d.c. power source supplying a d.c. drive motor. The generator is part of a motor-generator set, the motor of which is supplied from the power source connected to the motor. A generator field control means varies the field produced by at least one of the generator windings in order to change the effective voltage output. When the generator voltage is exactly equal to the d.c. voltage supply, no voltage is applied across the drive motor. As the field of the generator is reduced, the drive motor is supplied greater voltage until the full voltage of the d.c. power source is supplied when the generator has zero field applied. Additional voltage may be applied across the drive motor by reversing and increasing the reversed field on the generator. The drive motor may be reversed in direction from standstill by increasing the generator field so that a reverse voltage is applied across the d.c. motor.

Analisa Perbandingan Efisiensi Motor Dc Kompon Pendek Dengan Motor Dc Kompon Panjang Akibat Penambahan Kutub

OpenAIRE

Sitompul, Fuad Rahim

2015-01-01

Motor listrik merupakan perangkat elekromagnetis yang mengubah energi listrik menjadi energi mekanik. Motor DC memerlukan tegangan searah pada kumparan medan untuk diubah menjadi energi mekanik. Energi mekanik ini digunakan sebagai penggerak peralatan listrik seperti pompa,penggerak kipas angin, lift dan lain-lain. Karena penggunaannya yang cukup luas maka kinerjanya harus baik. Kinerja suatu motor DC dikatakan baik jika efisiensi motor tersebut tinggi. Hal itu dapat dicapai dengan mengatur b...

DC motor operation controlled from a DC/DC power converter in pulse mode with low duty cycle

OpenAIRE

Stefanov, Goce; Kukuseva, Maja; Citkuseva Dimitrovska, Biljana

2016-01-01

In this paper pulse mode of operation of DC motor controlled by DC/DC power converter is analyzed. DC motor operation with time intervals in which the motor operates without output load is of interest. In this mode it is possible the motor to restore energy. Also, in the paper are represented calculations for the amount of the restored energy in the pulse mode operation of the motor for different duty cycles.

Tooth shape optimization of brushless permanent magnet motors for reducing torque ripples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hsu, L.-Y.; Tsai, M.-C.

2004-01-01

This paper presents a tooth shape optimization method based on a generic algorithm to reduce the torque ripple of brushless permanent magnet motors under two different magnetization directions. The analysis of this design method mainly focuses on magnetic saturation and cogging torque and the computation of the optimization process is based on an equivalent magnetic network circuit. The simulation results, obtained from the finite element analysis, are used to confirm the accuracy and performance. Finite element analysis results from different tooth shapes are compared to show the effectiveness of the proposed method

Chaos control of the brushless direct current motor using adaptive dynamic surface control based on neural network with the minimum weights

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo, Shaohua; Wu, Songli; Gao, Ruizhen

2015-01-01

This paper investigates chaos control for the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) system by adaptive dynamic surface approach based on neural network with the minimum weights. The BLDCM system contains parameter perturbation, chaotic behavior, and uncertainty. With the help of radial basis function (RBF) neural network to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, the adaptive law is established to overcome uncertainty of the control gain. By introducing the RBF neural network and adaptive technology into the dynamic surface control design, a robust chaos control scheme is developed. It is proved that the proposed control approach can guarantee that all signals in the closed-loop system are globally uniformly bounded, and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. Simulation results are provided to show that the proposed approach works well in suppressing chaos and parameter perturbation

Chaos control of the brushless direct current motor using adaptive dynamic surface control based on neural network with the minimum weights.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Shaohua; Wu, Songli; Gao, Ruizhen

2015-07-01

This paper investigates chaos control for the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) system by adaptive dynamic surface approach based on neural network with the minimum weights. The BLDCM system contains parameter perturbation, chaotic behavior, and uncertainty. With the help of radial basis function (RBF) neural network to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, the adaptive law is established to overcome uncertainty of the control gain. By introducing the RBF neural network and adaptive technology into the dynamic surface control design, a robust chaos control scheme is developed. It is proved that the proposed control approach can guarantee that all signals in the closed-loop system are globally uniformly bounded, and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. Simulation results are provided to show that the proposed approach works well in suppressing chaos and parameter perturbation.

Research on Modeling and Control of Regenerative Braking for Brushless DC Machines Driven Electric Vehicles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jian-ping Wen

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In order to improve energy utilization rate of battery-powered electric vehicle (EV using brushless DC machine (BLDCM, the model of braking current generated by regenerative braking and control method are discussed. On the basis of the equivalent circuit of BLDCM during the generative braking period, the mathematic model of braking current is established. By using an extended state observer (ESO to observe actual braking current and the unknown disturbances of regenerative braking system, the autodisturbances rejection controller (ADRC for controlling the braking current is developed. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives better recovery efficiency and is robust to disturbances.

Two-phase induction motor drives

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Blaabjerg, Frede; Lungeanu, Florin; Skaug, Kenneth

2004-01-01

There is a continuous debate today concerning the ?motor of the future? for low-power applications requiring less than 1-2 kW. The specialists are focusing on superior motors [1] like brushless-dc, permanent-magnet synchronous, or electronically commutated types, because they show improvements...... in efficiency, reliability, torque-per-volume/mass ratio, maintenance, and service life. Despite this effort, the industry seems to be responding with manifest rigidity in changing standard induction motor solutions when considering the installed volume into the field, the investment in manufacturing base...

Cheaper Synthesis Of Multipole-Brushless-dc-Motor Current

Science.gov (United States)

Alhorn, Dean C.; Howard, David E.

1994-01-01

Circuit converts output of single two-phase shaft-angle resolver to that of multi-speed three-phase shaft-angle resolver. Converter circuit applicable to generation of multispeed, multiphase shaft-angle-resolver signals from single two-phase shaft-angle resolver. Combination of converter circuit and single two-phase shaft-angle resolver offer advantages in cost, weight, size, and complexity. Design readily adaptable to two-phase motor.

Superconducting DC homopolar motors for ship propulsion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heiberger, M.; Reed, M.R.; Creedon, W.P.; O' Hea, B.J. [General Atomic (United States)

2000-07-01

Superconducting DC homopolar motors have undergone recent advances in technology, warranting serious consideration of their use for ship propulsion. Homopolar motor propulsion is now practical because of two key technology developments: cryogen-free superconducting refrigeration and high performance motor fiber brushes. These compact motors are ideal for podded applications, where reduced drag and fuel consumption are predicted. In addition, the simple DC motor controller is more efficient and reliable compared with AC motor controllers. Military ships also benefit from increased stealth implicit in homopolar DC excitation, which also allows the option for direct hull or pod mounting. (authors)

A novel starting method for BLDC motors without the position sensors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asaei, Behzad; Rostami, Alireza

2009-01-01

This paper presents a novel method to estimate the rotor position of a brushless dc (BLDC) motor at standstill. Moreover, a method for startup and acceleration of the motor up to a certain speed is introduced. The principle of the estimation method is based on the variation of the BLDC motor current in the magnetic axis due to the magnetic saturation of the stator core. An advantage of this method is that the maximum estimated error of the initial rotor position is 6 deg. Therefore, the motor starting torque is increased significantly. However, to implement this method, a current sensor at the dc link of the inverter is needed

A novel starting method for BLDC motors without the position sensors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asaei, Behzad; Rostami, Alireza [School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran (Iran); University of Yazd, Yazd (Iran)

2009-02-15

This paper presents a novel method to estimate the rotor position of a brushless dc (BLDC) motor at standstill. Moreover, a method for startup and acceleration of the motor up to a certain speed is introduced. The principle of the estimation method is based on the variation of the BLDC motor current in the magnetic axis due to the magnetic saturation of the stator core. An advantage of this method is that the maximum estimated error of the initial rotor position is 6 deg. Therefore, the motor starting torque is increased significantly. However, to implement this method, a current sensor at the dc link of the inverter is needed. (author)

Increasing Mud Pump Motor Reliability against Malfunctions of DC Motor Excitation System

Science.gov (United States)

Nikulin, O. V.; Shabanov, V. A.

2017-10-01

The most widely used drilling machinery, such as mud pumps, draw-works, and rotors, use direct-current (DC) motors with independent excitation as the electric drive. Drilling machinery drives operate in harsh ambient conditions, including those with the presence of moisture, dust and vibration, which increases the malfunction rate of both drilling equipment and their electric drives. One of the frequently encountered malfunctions are DC motor excitation coil faults, which disrupt the normal functioning of electric drives, often leading to shutdown of the drilling process. In a four-pole DC motor, the malfunction of one coil leads to lack of excitation current in just one coil pair, while the other pair remains functional. In this case, DC motors and drilling equipment can remain operational, which would allow for continuing the drilling process. This paper considers the possibility of operation of a DC motor on a drilling rig in those cases when one pair of excitation coils is non-functional, and describes the device for switching between the excitation coils and the auxiliary winding in a DC motor with independent excitation.

Dual wound dc brush motor gearhead

Science.gov (United States)

Henson, Barrie W.

1986-01-01

The design requirements, the design, development tests and problems, the qualification and life test and the findings of the strip examination of a dual wound DC brushed motor gearhead are described. It is the only space qualified dual wound dc brushed motor gearhead in Europe.

Study of brushless fuel pump (improvement of pump and motor parts). 2nd Report. Blushless dendo fuel pump no kento. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mine, K; Takada, S; Tatematsu, M; Takeuchi, H [Aisan Industry Co. Ltd., Aichi (Japan)

1992-10-01

A methanol use electrically driven fuel pump was developed as reported in the present report. Mixed fuel of gasoline with alcohol can be handled by a brushless fuel pump which was proposed and improved as reported. The flow rate performance was heightened to 25g/sec by heightening in output power of motor, while the high temperature performance was 17% heightened against the conventional ratio of lowering in flow rate by heightening in vapor jet capacity. Against the corrosiveness of methanol, an in-tank type was applied to the pump, and all its electrically conductive and other mechanical parts were made to be both anti-corrosive and anti-abrasive. It is structurally of a two-stage series turbine type of non-volume form. A sensor method was applied to the motor by confining the miniaturized control circuit of brushless motor in the motor so that the transistor is controlled against the heightening in temperature. The motor is a three-phase half-wave driving motor. Also developed was a fuel supply system which is useful for the mixed fuel covering a range of 100% methanol through 100% gasoline. The present pump is dimensionally interchangeable with the conventional gasoline use one. Its operational life is more than 10000 hours. 3 refs., 17 figs., 1 tab.

Dovetail Rotor Construction For Permanent-Magnet Motors

Science.gov (United States)

Kintz, Lawrence J., Jr.; Puskas, William J.

1988-01-01

New way of mounting magnets in permanent-magnet, electronically commutated, brushless dc motors. Magnets wedge shaped, tapering toward center of rotor. Oppositely tapered pole pieces, electron-beam welded to rotor hub, retain magnets against centrifugal force generated by spinning rotor. To avoid excessively long electron-beam welds, pole pieces assembled in segments rather than single long bars.

Dynamically Timed Electric Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Casper, Ann M. (Inventor)

1997-01-01

A brushless DC motor including a housing having an end cap secured thereto. The housing encloses a rotor. a stator and a rotationally displaceable commutation board having sensors secured thereon and spaced around the periphery of the rotor. An external rotational force is applied to the commutation board for displacement of the sensors to various positions whereby varying feedback signals are generated by the positioning of the sensors relative to the rotating rotor. The commutation board is secured in a fixed position in response to feedback signals indicative of optimum sensor position being determined. The rotation of the commutation board and the securing of the sensors in the desired fixed position is accomplished without requiring the removal of the end cap and with the DC motor operating.

Hierarchical Velocity Control Based on Differential Flatness for a DC/DC Buck Converter-DC Motor System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Silva-Ortigoza

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a hierarchical controller that carries out the angular velocity trajectory tracking task for a DC motor driven by a DC/DC Buck converter. The high level control is related to the DC motor and the low level control is dedicated to the DC/DC Buck converter; both controls are designed via differential flatness. The high level control provides a desired voltage profile for the DC motor to achieve the tracking of a desired angular velocity trajectory. Then, a low level control is designed to ensure that the output voltage of the DC/DC Buck converter tracks the voltage profile imposed by the high level control. In order to experimentally verify the hierarchical controller performance, a DS1104 electronic board from dSPACE and Matlab-Simulink are used. The switched implementation of the hierarchical average controller is accomplished by means of pulse width modulation. Experimental results of the hierarchical controller for the velocity trajectory tracking task show good performance and robustness against the uncertainties associated with different system parameters.

DC motor speed control using fuzzy logic controller

Science.gov (United States)

Ismail, N. L.; Zakaria, K. A.; Nazar, N. S. Moh; Syaripuddin, M.; Mokhtar, A. S. N.; Thanakodi, S.

2018-02-01

The automatic control has played a vital role in the advance of engineering and science. Nowadays in industries, the control of direct current (DC) motor is a common practice thus the implementation of DC motor controller speed is important. The main purpose of motor speed control is to keep the rotation of the motor at the present speed and to drive a system at the demand speed. The main purpose of this project is to control speed of DC Series Wound Motor using Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The expectation of this project is the Fuzzy Logic Controller will get the best performance compared to dc motor without controller in terms of settling time (Ts), rise time (Tr), peak time (Tp) and percent overshoot (%OS).

The performance of the DC motor by the PID controlling PWM DC-DC boost converter

OpenAIRE

Can, Erol; Sayan, Hasan Hüseyin

2017-01-01

This paper presents the PID controlling direct current (DC) to the direct current boost converter feds DC motor which has a 3.68 kW and 240 V of DC voltage input on its characteristics. What is first formed is the boost converter mathematical model at the design stage. Secondly, a mathematical model of the DC motor is created so that the boost converter with the machine can be established and modeled at the Matlab Simulink. The PID controller is considered for arranging a pulse width modulati...

Modeling and simulation for micro DC motor based on simulink

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Hanxin; Lei, Qiao; Chen, Wenxiang

2017-09-01

The micro DC motor has a large market demand but there is a lack of theoretical research for it. Through detailed analysis of the commutation process of micro DC motor commutator, based on micro DC motor electromagnetic torque equation and mechanical torque equation, with the help of Simulink toolkit, a triangle connection micro DC motor simulation model is established. By using the model, a sample micro DC motor are simulated, and an experimental measurements has been carried on the sample micro DC motor. It is found that the simulation results are consistent with theoretical analysis and experimental results.

Magnetic Circuit & Torque Analysis Of Brushless DC Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arif J. Abbas

2013-05-01

Full Text Available       This work is concerned with magnetic and torque analysis of BLDCM and with development of a method of designing BLDCM that have symmetric winding on the rotor .make significant contribution to the rotor inductance position difficult. It is also show that the prediction detent torque can be extremely sensitive to the permanent magnet by altering magnet arc width. Finally, simple lumped models that allow one to predict motor performance and characteristics as a function of main dimension, magnet residual flux density and phase current are developed. These models are used as a basis for an approach to designing BLDCM

DC motors and servo-motors controlled by Raspberry Pi 2B

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Šustek Michal

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The expanding capabilities of today’s microcontrollers and other devices lead to an increased utilization of these technologies in diverse fields. The automation and issue of remote control of moving objects belong to these fields. In this project, a microcontroller Raspberry Pi 2B was chosen for controlling DC motors and servo-motors. This paper provides basic insight into issue of controlling DC motors and servo-motors, connection between Raspberry and other components on breadboard and programming syntaxes for controlling motors in Python programming language.

A parameter estimation for DC servo motor by using optimization process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arjoni Amir

2010-01-01

Modeling and simulation parameters of DC servo motor using Matlab Simulink software have been done. The objective to define the DC servo motor parameter estimation is to get DC servo motor parameter values (B, La, Ra, Km, J) which are significant value that can be used for actuation process of control systems. In the analysis of control systems DC the servo motor expressed by transfer function equation to make faster to be analyzed as a component of the actuator. To obtain the data model parameters and initial conditions of the DC servo motors is then carried out the processor modeling and simulation in which the DC servo motor combined with other components. To obtain preliminary data of the DC servo motor parameters as estimated venue, it is obtained from the data factory of the DC servo motor. The initial data parameters of the DC servo motor are applied for the optimization process by using nonlinear least square algorithm and minimize the cost function value so that the DC servo motors parameter values are obtained significantly. The result of the optimization process of the DC servo motor parameter values are B = 0.039881, J= 1.2608e-007, Km = 0.069648, La = 2.3242e-006 and Ra = 1.8837. (author)

ANALISA SISTEM KENDALI PUTARAN MOTOR DC MENGGUNAKAN SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Khairudin, Efendi, N Purwantiningsih,

2016-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Paper ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa rangkaian sistem kendali putaran motor menggunakan Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR atau Thyristor. Eksperimen sistem kendali putaran motor ini menggunakan dua rangkaian yang berbeda. Rangkaian pertama menggunakan dua sumber, yaitu sumber tegangan DC 12 v terhubung dengan motor universal secara seri dengan resistor dan SCR, sedangkan sumber tegangan DC variabel 0 sampai 1.5 v dihubung paralel dengan kapasitor dan resistor. Rangkaian kedua menggunakan satu sumber tegangan AC 5 v yang dihubungkan dengan saklar dan motor. Pada rangkaian kedua ini motor dihubungkan dengan potensio, SCR, dioda serta kapasitor yang dipasang paralel dengan sumber tegangan AC. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan dalam rangkaian menggunakan sumber tegangan DC, motor DC akan berputar saat saklar S1 tertutup. Kondisi motor akan berputar lebih cepat ketika sumber tegangan variabel diatur lebih besar dari 0 v sehingga arus gate Ig lebih bear dari 400 mA. Adapun Eksperimen dengan sumber tegangan AC, motor akan berputar dengan menambahkan dioda D3 dan pengaturan kecepatan melalui potensio meter Rv sampai posisi maksimum. Kata kunci: analisa, motor DC, SCR, sistem kendali ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to analyse the circuit of DC motor control system using Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR or Thyristor. In this experiment the circuit of control system for the motor using two different circuits. The first circuit using two sources, the 12 v DC voltage is connected to universal motor and series with a resistor and SCR, while the DC variable voltage source of 0 to 1.5 v connected in parallel to the capacitor and resistor. The second circuit uses a single source of 5 V AC voltage connected to the switch and the motor. In the second circuit, the motor is connected to the potentio meter, SCR, diode and capacitor in parallel with the AC voltage source. The experimental results showed the circuit using a DC voltage source impacted the

FEM Analysis of Brushless DC Servomotor with Fractional Number of Slots per Pole

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

BALUTA, G.

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The authors present in this paper the analysis with Finite Element Method (FEM of the magnetic circuit for a Brushless DC servomotor with fractional number of slots/pole (9 slots and 10 poles. For this purpose, FEMM 4.2 software package was used for the analysis. To obtain the waveforms of Back-ElectroMotive Forces (BEMFs, electromagnetic and cogging torque for servomotor a program in LUA scripting language (integrated into interactive shell of FEMM4.2 has been created. A comparation with a structure with integer number of slots/pole (18 slots and 6 poles was also realized. The analysis results prove that the structure chosen is an optimal solution: sinusoidal waveforms of BEMFs, improved electromagnetic torque and reduced cogging torque. Therefore, the operating characteristics of the servomotor with 9/10 slots/poles manufactured by Sistem Euroteh Company and included in an integrated electrical drives system are presented in this paper.

A Micro-scale Wind Turbine Fed BLDC Motor for Electric Vehicle Drive Application

OpenAIRE

Kazraji, Saeed Masoumi; Khanabdal, Saheb; Soflaye, Ramin Bavil; Sabahi, Mehran

2016-01-01

In this paper a permanent magnet brushless dc motor (PMBLDCM) based driver with a wind-generator (WG) in maximum power point tracking (MPPT) condition is proposed. The proposed system has a high efficiency buck-type dc/dc converter and control unit running the MPPT function. The WG optimal power characteristic and wind speed measuring data are not required while the WG works in variable speed mode, therefore higher reliability, simplicity, lower cost and less mechanical Tension of the WG are ...

Performance of 22.4-kW nonlaminated-frame dc series motor with chopper controller. [a dc to dc voltage converter

Science.gov (United States)

Schwab, J. R.

1979-01-01

Performance data obtained through experimental testing of a 22.4 kW traction motor using two types of excitation are presented. Ripple free dc from a motor-generator set for baseline data and pulse width modulated dc as supplied by a battery pack and chopper controller were used for excitation. For the same average values of input voltage and current, the motor power output was independent of the type of excitation. However, at the same speeds, the motor efficiency at low power output (corresponding to low duty cycle of the controller) was 5 to 10 percentage points lower on chopped dc than on ripple free dc. The chopped dc locked-rotor torque was approximately 1 to 3 percent greater than the ripple free dc torque for the same average current.

Experiments with a DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Kraftmakher, Yaakov

2010-01-01

Experiments with an electric motor provide good opportunity to demonstrate some basic laws of electricity and magnetism. The aim of the experiments with a low-power dc motor is to show how the motor approaches its steady rotation and how its torque, mechanical power and efficiency depend on the rotation velocity. The tight relationship between the…

Brushless DC Motor and Resolver for Venusian Environment, Phase II

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — In response to the need for motors, actuators and sample acquisition system that can operate in the harsh Venusian environment for extended periods of time, on the...

Brushless DC Motor and Resolver for Venusian Environment, Phase I

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — In response to the need for motors and actuators that can operate in the harsh venusian environment for extended periods of time, on the order of several hours to...

Application brushless machines with combine excitation for a hybrid car and an electric car

OpenAIRE

GANDZHA S.A.; KIESSH I.E.

2015-01-01

This article shows advantages of application the brushless machines with combined excitation (excitation from permanent magnets and excitation winding) for the hybrid car and the electric car. This type of electric machine is compared with a typical brushless motor and an induction motor. The main advantage is the decrease of the dimensions of electric machine and the reduction of the price for an electronic control system. It is shown the design and the principle of operation of the electric...

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abstract · Vol 9, No 2 (2011) - Articles Implementation of a Fuzzy Logic Speed Controller for a Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drive System Abstract · Vol 9, No 1 (2011) - Articles Application of Adaptive Sliding Mode Position Controller with PI Tuning to Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drive System Abstract.

DC Motor Drive with PFC Rectifier

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lascu Mihaela

2008-05-01

Full Text Available The goal of this work is to study theperformances of a hybrid controller used to controlDC Motor drive with a single-phase power factorcorrection rectifier. This study is made usingcomputer simulation (Simulink. The first part isdevoted to the control system of the DC Motors. Inthe second part, the design of the hybrid controllerwill be presented. The third part is the design ofthe fast response single-phase boost power factorcorrection rectifier. The last parts are devoted tosimulation and experimental results.

Control Of Stepper Motor Movement By DC Voltage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gayani, Didi; Margono; Indasah, Iin; Sugito

2000-01-01

Instrumentation for controlling the power of reactor of TRIGA Mark II uses the stepper motor to move the control rod of neutron absorbers. The direction and speed of control rod movement are determined by the polarity and the amplitude of DC voltage as an error signal that is the difference of set point of power and the power of being measured on the control system. The unit of stepper motor controller of reactor instrumentation of TRIGA Mark II uses patent module of trade Mark of Vexta, USA. In this chance, the electronic circuit is made to function as the control of stepper motor movement by using the DC voltage to anticipate the problem may be faced in case of repair and maintenance of reactor instrumentation. As a result of experiment, it is stated that the control of motor movement by using DC voltage is performed into 2 stages. First, by making the oscillator that is proportional to the positive DC voltage. Secondly, by making the translator to translate the oscillator signal to be a logic pattern for controlling the movement of stepper motor. Translator and motor driver are made by using the L297 and L298 as a pair of stepper motor controller of SGS T HOMSON

Analytical Calculation of the Magnetic Field distribution in a Flux-Modulated Permanent-Magnet Brushless Motor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhang, Xiaoxu; Liu, Xiao; Chen, Zhe

2015-01-01

This paper presents a rapid approach to compute the magnetic field distribution in a flux-modulated permanent-magnet brushless motor. Partial differential equations are used to describe the magnet field behavior in terms of magnetic vector potentials. The whole computational domain is divided...... into several regions, i.e., magnet, air-gaps, slot-openings, and slots. The numerical solution could be obtained by applying the boundary constraints on the interfaces between these regions. The accuracy of the proposed analytical model is verified by comparing the no-load magnetic field and armature reaction...... magnetic field with those calculated by finite element method....

Cogging Torque Reduction in Brushless DC Motors Using Slot-Opening Shift

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SAIED, S. A.

2009-02-01

Full Text Available In this paper, two new methods for the stator skew are introduced. In contrary with the conventional stator skew, this paper is concentrate on the slot-opening skew. The simula-tion result by finite element shows a considerable reduction in the cogging torque of the motors, the new methods are applied to. Moreover the simulations justify that the back-EMF shape remains trapezoidal for various skew angles in contrary with that in the conventional skew, this fact makes the method highly applicable in BLDC motors.

Three phase full wave dc motor decoder

Science.gov (United States)

Studer, P. A. (Inventor)

1977-01-01

A three phase decoder for dc motors is disclosed which employs an extremely simple six transistor circuit to derive six properly phased output signals for fullwave operation of dc motors. Six decoding transistors are coupled at their base-emitter junctions across a resistor network arranged in a delta configuration. Each point of the delta configuration is coupled to one of three position sensors which sense the rotational position of the motor. A second embodiment of the invention is disclosed in which photo-optical isolators are used in place of the decoding transistors.

Efficiency Improvement of a High Dynamic BLDC Linear Motor by Multiphase Control

OpenAIRE

Lemmens, Joris; Vanvlasselaer, Kris; Mulier, Kristof; Goossens, Stijn; Symens, Wim; Driesen, Johan

2013-01-01

This paper proposes a multiphase control strategy for a high dynamic brushless DC linear motor as an alternative for conventional three-phase field-oriented control. Analysis of the magnetic field waveforms shows that three-phase control is not optimal for the 6-slot 7-pole motor topology. Therefore, a multiphase control strategy is elaborated which injects currents proportional to the electromotive force into each of the nine stator coil groups. This results in a maximal alignment force ...

Ac and dc motor flooding times

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crowley, D.A.; Hinton, J.H.

1988-01-01

Reactor safety studies, such as the emergency cooling system (ECS) limits analyses and the probabilistic risk assessment, require that the flood-out times be calculated for the ac and dc motors at the -40 foot level. New calculations are needed because dams of an improved design have been installed between the pump room and motor room, and because updated leak rate calculations have shown that the maximum possible leak rate is larger than that which had been previously calculated. The methodology for calculating the motor flood-out times has also been improved. A computer program has been written to calculate flood-out times for various leak rates and sump pump operabilities. For ECS limits analyses, the worst case dc motor flood-out times are 161 and 297 seconds in LKC and P-areas, respectively. These times are for a 135,468 gpm leak that first flows to the motor room and all of the sump pumps are off

Design of double DC motor control system based on DSP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suo WANG

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Aiming at the problems of speed control, commutation and so on in the multi-motor synchronous control system, based on automatic control technology, a control system with PC as principal computer and DSP as slave computer is designed, which can change dual DC motor speed and steering, as well as select work drive motors. Related hardware and software design of the control system are given. Through serial communication between DSP and PC using PC serial port software, digital control command is sent to the slave computer for controlling dual DC motor to do a series of preset functions. PWM pulse width modulation is used for motor speed regulation, photoelectric encoder is used to measure motor speed by T method, and the motor speed is displayed by the actual waveform. Experimental results show that the system can not only realize the synchronization of dual DC motor speed and steering adjustment, but also select the motor and achieve the dual DC motors synchronization control effect. The control system has certain reliability and effectiveness.

PID controller simulator software for DC motor of gamma scanning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arjoni Amir

2008-01-01

Mostly PID controller (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) has been used in industry. For certain applications, it can be used as a Proportional (P) model only, or as a Proportional-Integral (PI) model. The aim of this paper is to design a PID controller simulator software for DC motor which is used in gamma scanning system. A DC motor is described as a plant of SISO (Single Input Single Output) which is used for pulling down the load (detector + casing) and gamma radiation source (Co-60 + container) by using sling cable. A DC motor consist of an armature and a rotor, the equivalent circuit of DC motor is shown in a transfer function equation between output parameter (angular speed DC motor) and input parameter (voltage of DC motor). Methods used for the process of PID controller design is to arrange the PID controller parameter (Kc, Ti, Td) so that there are more PID controller transfer function model which are able to control angular speed of DC motor in stable condition, as design criteria requirement is needed. Design criteria requirement for control system are the settling time < 3 second, overshoot < 5%, rise time = 0.25 second, steady state gain = 1 and peak time < 3 second with step response reference 1 rad/second. The result of simulation gives several models of PID controller in function transfer equation which is similar with design criteria requirement in a equation of function transfer of order 2 for numerator and order 1 for denominator. (author)

Compressor motor for air conditioners realizing high efficiency and low cost; Kokoritsu tei cost wo jitsugenshita eakonyo asshukuki motor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inaba, Y.; Kawamura, K.; Imazawa, K. [Toshiba Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

2000-01-01

The compressor motor accounts for most of the consumption of electric power in an air conditioner. To promote energy-saving, Toshiba has been progressively changing the compressor motors in its air conditioners to high-efficiency brushless DC motors. We have now developed a new compressor motor in order to achieve even greater energy-saving. A concentrated winding system was adopted featuring direct winding on the teeth of the stator core, for the first time in the industry. As a result, it was possible to realize a high-efficiency, compact, lightweight, and low-cost motor. Moreover, by constructing a new system for production, we were able to improve productivity and quality. The newly developed motor is expected to contribute to the further diffusion of energy-saving air conditioners. (author)

Motion Sensorless Control of BLDC PM Motor with Offline FEM Info Assisted State Observer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stirban, Alin; Boldea, Ion; Andreescu, Gheorghe-Daniel

2010-01-01

This paper describes a new offline FEM assisted position and speed observer, for brushless dc (BLDC) PM motor drive sensorless control, based on the line-to-line PM flux linkage estimation. The zero-crossing of the line-to-line PM flux linkage occurs right in the middle of two commutation points...... identification. Digital simulations and experimental results are shown, demonstrating the reliability of the FEM assisted position and speed observer for BLDC PM motor sensorless control operation....

Losses in chopper-controlled DC series motors

Science.gov (United States)

Hamilton, H. B.

1982-01-01

Motors for electric vehicle (EV) applications must have different features than dc motors designed for industrial applications. The EV motor application is characterized by the following requirements: (1) the need for highest possible efficiency from light load to overload, for maximum EV range, (2) large short time overload capability (The ratio of peak to average power varies from 5/1 in heavy city traffic to 3/1 in suburban driving situations) and (3) operation from power supply voltage levels of 84 to 144 volts (probably 120 volts maximum). A test facility utilizing a dc generator as a substitute for a battery pack was designed and utilized. Criteria for the design of such a facility are presented. Two motors, differing in design detail, commercially available for EV use were tested. Losses measured are discussed, as are waves forms and their harmonic content, the measurements of resistance and inductance, EV motor/chopper application criteria, and motor design considerations.

Circuit Regulates Speed Of dc Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Weaver, Charles; Padden, Robin; Brown, Floyd A., Jr.

1990-01-01

Driving circuit regulates speed of small dc permanent-magnet motor in tape recorder. Two nested feedback loops maintain speed within 1 percent of constant value. Inner loop provides coarse regulation, while outer loop removes most of variation in speed that remains in the presence of regulation by the inner loop. Compares speed of motor with commanded speed and adjusts current supplied to motor accordingly.

Advanced dc motor controller for battery-powered electric vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Belsterling, C. A.

1981-01-01

A motor generation set is connected to run from the dc source and generate a voltage in the traction motor armature circuit that normally opposes the source voltage. The functional feasibility of the concept is demonstrated with tests on a Proof of Principle System. An analog computer simulation is developed, validated with the results of the tests, applied to predict the performance of a full scale Functional Model dc Controller. The results indicate high efficiencies over wide operating ranges and exceptional recovery of regenerated energy. The new machine integrates both motor and generator on a single two bearing shaft. The control strategy produces a controlled bidirectional plus or minus 48 volts dc output from the generator permitting full control of a 96 volt dc traction motor from a 48 volt battery, was designed to control a 20 hp traction motor. The controller weighs 63.5 kg (140 lb.) and has a peak efficiency of 90% in random driving modes and 96% during the SAE J 227a/D driving cycle.

Rotary Compressor Noise Analysis Using Mechanisms and Electromagnetics Coupled Approach

OpenAIRE

Chung, Jinah; Lee, Uiyoon; Lee, Jeongbae; Lee, Unseop; Han, Eunsil; Yoon, Jinhwan

2016-01-01

This research is conducted to investigate noise source and design low noise compressors. For improving energy efficiency, the rotary compressor with variable speed brushless DC motor is increasingly adopted for appliances. However brushless DC motor makes more compressor vibration than constant speed motor compressor at high speed operating condition. Therefore it is necessary to reduce noise and vibration for improving air conditioner quality. In this study, compressor’s noise and vibrat...

Experiments with a dc motor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kraftmakher, Yaakov

2010-01-01

Experiments with an electric motor provide good opportunity to demonstrate some basic laws of electricity and magnetism. The aim of the experiments with a low-power dc motor is to show how the motor approaches its steady rotation and how its torque, mechanical power and efficiency depend on the rotation velocity. The tight relationship between the mechanical and electrical parameters of the motor is clearly seen. The measurements are carried out with the ScienceWorkshop data-acquisition system and the DataStudio software from PASCO scientific. The experiments are well related to university courses of electricity and magnetism and can be used in undergraduate laboratories or for lecture demonstrations.

Fuzzy PID control algorithm based on PSO and application in BLDC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Sen; Wang, Guanglong

2017-06-01

A fuzzy PID control algorithm is studied based on improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) to perform Brushless DC (BLDC) motor control which has high accuracy, good anti-jamming capability and steady state accuracy compared with traditional PID control. The mathematical and simulation model is established for BLDC motor by simulink software, and the speed loop of the fuzzy PID controller is designed. The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID control algorithm based on PSO has higher stability, high control precision and faster dynamic response speed.

Development of a hermetically sealed brushless DC motor for a J-T cryocooler

Science.gov (United States)

Joscelyn, Edwin; Hochler, Irwin; Ferri, Andrew; Rott, Heinz; Soukaris, Ted

1996-01-01

This development was sponsored by Ball Aerospace for the Cryogenic On-Orbit LongLife Active Refrigerator (COOLLAR) program. The cryocooler is designed to cool objects to 65 K and operate in space for at least 7 years. The system also imports minimal impact to the spacecraft in terms of vibration and heat. The basic Joule-Thompson cycle involves compressing a working fluid, nitrogen in this case, at near-constant temperature from 17.2 KPa to 6.89 MPa. The nitrogen is then expanded through a Joule-Thompson valve. The pure nitrogen gas must be kept clean; therefore, any contamination from motor organic materials must be eliminated. This requirement drove the design towards sealing of the motor within a titanium housing without sacrificing motor performance. It is estimated that an unsealed motor would have contributed 1.65 g of contaminants, due to the organic insulation and potting materials, over the 7-year life. This paper describes the motor electrical and mechanical design, as well as the sealing difficulties encountered, along with their solutions.

Estimation of Nonlinear DC-Motor Models Using a Sensitivity Approach

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Knudsen, Morten; Jensen, J.G.

1995-01-01

A nonlinear model structure for a permanent magnet DC-motor, appropriate for simulation and controller design, is developed.......A nonlinear model structure for a permanent magnet DC-motor, appropriate for simulation and controller design, is developed....

control of a dc motor using fuzzy logic control algorithm

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user

controller in the control performance of an industrial type DC motor using MATLAB. The fuzzy logic .... controlled separately excited permanent magnet DC motor (PMDC). ... When the field current is constant, the flux induced by the field ...

A high frequency high power IGBT inverter drive for 45 HP/16,000 rpm brushless homopolar inductor motor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

He, J.; Lin, F. [Stone Safety Corp., Fountain Inn, SC (United States)

1995-12-31

A microprocessor-based ultra-high speed brushless homopolar inductor motor drive system (HiDrive) with no gearing and using a high frequency IGBT inverter switching at 32 kHz is described and discussed in this paper. The homopolar motor features a solid steel rotor without magnets, windings, or laminations, which allows the motor to be operated at very high speed. The HiDrive system achieves 16,000 RPM, 45 Hp continuously. The drive system discussed in this paper can be used to replace conventional motors and speed increasing gear boxes in very high speed industrial applications such as centrifuges, compressors, blowers, pumps, and machine tool spindles. The HiDrive system discussed in this paper is used to drive a compressor for nuclear power application. In this paper, the detailed descriptions of the motor construction, equivalent circuit, operation and control principle are offered. The IGBT inverter drive system design and controls including motor speed sensing, load angle control, synchronization, brake control, power device switchings, and thermal issues are addressed. The simulation results various test results, and the typical application examples of the high speed drives are also presented in this paper.

A high frequency high power IGBT inverter drive for 45 HP/16,000 rpm brushless homopolar inductor motor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

He, J.; Lin, F.

1995-01-01

A microprocessor-based ultra-high speed brushless homopolar inductor motor drive system (HiDrive) with no gearing and using a high frequency IGBT inverter switching at 32 kHz is described and discussed in this paper. The homopolar motor features a solid steel rotor without magnets, windings, or laminations, which allows the motor to be operated at very high speed. The HiDrive system achieves 16,000 RPM, 45 Hp continuously. The drive system discussed in this paper can be used to replace conventional motors and speed increasing gear boxes in very high speed industrial applications such as centrifuges, compressors, blowers, pumps, and machine tool spindles. The HiDrive system discussed in this paper is used to drive a compressor for nuclear power application. In this paper, the detailed descriptions of the motor construction, equivalent circuit, operation and control principle are offered. The IGBT inverter drive system design and controls including motor speed sensing, load angle control, synchronization, brake control, power device switchings, and thermal issues are addressed. The simulation results various test results, and the typical application examples of the high speed drives are also presented in this paper

Photovoltaic-wind hybrid system for permanent magnet DC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Nasir, M. N. M.; Lada, M. Y.; Baharom, M. F.; Jaafar, H. I.; Ramani, A. N.; Sulaima, M. F.

2015-05-01

Hybrid system of Photovoltaic (PV) - Wind turbine (WT) generation has more advantages and reliable compared to PV or wind turbine system alone. The aim of this paper is to model and design hybrid system of PV-WT supplying 100W permanent-magnet dc motor. To achieve the objective, both of PV and WT are connected to converter in order to get the same source of DC supply. Then both sources were combined and straightly connected to 100W permanent magnet dc motor. All the works in this paper is only applied in circuit simulator by using Matlab Simulink. The output produced from each converter is expected to be suit to the motor specification. The output produced from each renewable energy system is as expected to be high as it can support the motor if one of them is breakdown

Features of Running Brush Motors in Dry Nitrogen Environment When Using in Electrohydraulic Actuators

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y. A. Petrov

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The work concerns the constructive characteristics optimization of brushless D.C. (direct current motors used in electromechanical spacecraft drives.The spacecraft electromechanical drives and units use rather widely the brushless D.C. motors in which a motor commutator is replaced with more reliable semiconductor commutator controlled by the rotor position sensors. However, these motors are of low power.Electrohydraulic actuators (EHA use simple permanent-magnet motors (PMM of rather high power and commutator motors with graphite brush variable contacts.High reliability of brush motors, and, therefore a reliability of EHA in general, substantially depends on the quality of motor commutator operation. There are different reasons for a possible impact on the normal motor commutator operation. One of them is brush wear. Sparking brushes and burning commutator bars are possible in case brushes are poorly grinded to fit, brushes cannot freely move true in the brush holder box, and in case an incorrect force to clamp brushes to the commutator is chosen.It is established that drive wear resistance and operability depends on the gas environment composition being under sealed motor housing. In dry nitrogen environment brush wear suddenly raises because of the changing tribological performances of the commutator thus leading to essentially falling isolation resistance and no motor start.It is recommended to fill a space under sealed motor housing with air. Positive experience of operating spacecraft device containers with mobile electromechanical couples allowed us to find that in this case a dew point of filled air must be minus 20˚C.The paper offers an electromechanical alternative of design to the electrohydraulic actuators, with a ball-screw gear of the actuation mechanism, possessing a number of advantages.

Application brushless machines with combine excitation for a hybrid car and an electric car

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gandzha S.A.

2015-08-01

Full Text Available This article shows advantages of application the brushless machines with combined excitation (excitation from permanent magnets and excitation winding for the hybrid car and the electric car. This type of electric machine is compared with a typical brushless motor and an induction motor. The main advantage is the decrease of the dimensions of electric machine and the reduction of the price for an electronic control system. It is shown the design and the principle of operation of the electric machine. The machine was modeled using Solidworks program for creating design and Maxwell program for the magnetic field analysis. The result of tests is shown as well.

Impact of Slim DC Capacitance on Floating Capacitor H-bridge Motor Drive

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leng, Siyu; Muyeen, S.M.; Al-Durra, Ahmed

2018-01-01

harmonics will be generated in the motor line voltage. This demonstrates the possibility of drastically reducing the dc capacitance of the proposed system. Induction motor as well as H-bridge performance with respect to different dc capacitance values is demonstrated by experiments, which lays......This paper discusses the impact of small dc capacitance in a motor drive using a floating capacitor H-bridge topology. The proposed topology is intended for applications where variable frequency control is not required. Special attention is paid on investigating the second-order dc capacitor...... voltage ripples, whose influence on the induction motor as well as on the motor drive itself is of importance. This issue is addressed in this paper through rigorous mathematical formulations. It is found that by inverting the second-order dc ripple voltage using the conventional SVPWM, no harmful...

Wideband impedance measurements of DC motors under dynamic load conditions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Diouf, F.; Buesink, Frederik Johannes Karel; Leferink, Frank Bernardus Johannes; Duval, Fabrice; Bensetti, Mohamed

2013-01-01

One of the principal conducted EMI(electromagnetic interferences) sources of low voltage DC (direct current) motors is the commutation occurring during rotation. In this paper the small-signal impedance of low voltage DC motors under different functioning modes, including the dynamic one is studied

Perancangan dan Implementasi Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor Brushless DC Menggunakan Metode Model Predictive Control (MPC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fachrul Arifin

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Saat ini, penelitian dan pengembangan mobil listrik (electric vehicle sudah menjadi pusat perhatian bagi kalangan industri dan civitas academica. Sudah banyak kendaraan listrik yang sudah diproduksi secara massal di seluruh dunia. Beberapa dari kendaraan listrik tersebut menggunakan motor BLDC sebagai penggerak utamanya. Pada Tugas Akhir kali ini, salah satu kemampuan yang akan diteliti dan dianalisa adalah respon kecepatan motor BLDC pada mobil listrik saat mobil diberi suatu beban. Ketika mendapat pembebanan, respon kecepatan dari motor BLDC akan turun sehingga performa dari motor BLDC tidak sesuai dengan setpoint yang diharapkan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu kontroler yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan diatas dan melakukan pengaturan kerja pada motor BLDC agar bekerja sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Kontroler ini diharapkan mampu untuk mengembalikan respon kecepatan pada motor BLDC kembali kepada setpoint ketika motor BLDC diberi pembebanan. Penulis menggunakan metode kontroler Model Predictive Control (MPC yang dapat memprediksi perilaku sistem pada masa depan yang bergantung pada informasi sistem saat ini dan model state-space dari sistem. Berdasarkan hasil implementasi, kontroler MPC dapat memberikan respon yang sesuai dengan tracking setpoint yang diberikan dengan rata-rata nilai steady-state error sebesar 9,8% untuk semua parameter pembebanan.

Summary of electric vehicle dc motor-controller tests

Science.gov (United States)

Mcbrien, E. F.; Tryon, H. B.

1982-01-01

The differences in the performance of dc motors are evaluated when operating with chopper type controllers, and when operating on direct current. The interactions between the motor and the controller which cause these differences are investigated. Motor-controlled tests provided some of the data the quantified motor efficiency variations for both ripple free and chopper modes of operation.

Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms

Science.gov (United States)

Berning, Robert H.; Viout, Olivier

2010-01-01

The obsolescence of materials and processes used in the manufacture of traditional DC brush gear motors has necessitated the development of an upgraded DC brush gear motor (UBGM). The current traditional DC brush gear motor (BGM) design was evaluated using Six-Sigma process to identify potential design and production process improvements. The development effort resulted in a qualified UBGM design which improved manufacturability and reduced production costs. Using Six-Sigma processes and incorporating lessons learned during the development process also improved motor performance for UBGM making it a more viable option for future use as a deployment mechanism in space flight applications.

Transient Simulation Study of Slip-Frequency Vector Control for Variable Speed Doubly-Fed Brushless Motor with Magnetic Barrier Rotor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jingxiong ZHANG

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a transient simulation model of a variable speed doubly fed brushless motor (DFBM using back-to-back converter is described. Based on analysis of rotor flux oriented vector control theory of doubly fed induction motor, the control of the currents in DFBM that produce the magnetic flux and the torque is achieved by a digital controller, the speed is regulated by a PI controller which is tuned by a genetic algorithm. According to the state equation of DFBM and the control schemes, the system simulation module is established in MATLAB/ SIMULINK. An extensive simulation study is performed to examine the control characteristics of the machine-side converter under different operation conditions in variable-speed DFBM driver system.

Characterizing Sources of Small DC Motor Noise and Vibration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yong Thung Cho

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Small direct current (DC motors are widely used due to their low cost and compact structure. Small DC motors of various designs are available on the market in different sizes. The smaller the motor, the more closely it may be used by individuals. Contrary to the size and simplicity of these motors in terms of structural design, sources of motor noise and vibration can be quite diverse and complicated. In this study, the source of motor noise and vibration was visualized over a very wide range of frequencies. The particle velocity of the motor was reconstructed from nearfield sound pressure measurements of motor noise. In addition to noncontact measurements conducted on a motor running at constant speed, the particle velocity of a stationary motor due to the impulse of an impact hammer was measured with an accelerometer. Furthermore, motor noise was measured under motor run-up conditions with different rotational speeds. As a result, by combination of these three methods, the sources of motor noise were accurately identified over a wide range of frequencies.

Computerized Torque Control for Large dc Motors

Science.gov (United States)

Willett, Richard M.; Carroll, Michael J.; Geiger, Ronald V.

1987-01-01

Speed and torque ranges in generator mode extended. System of shunt resistors, electronic switches, and pulse-width modulation controls torque exerted by large, three-phase, electronically commutated dc motor. Particularly useful for motor operating in generator mode because it extends operating range to low torque and high speed.

ANALISIS SISTEM KONTROL MOTOR DC SEBAGAI FUNGSI DAYA DAN TEGANGAN TERHADAP KALOR

OpenAIRE

Dzakwan, Akhmad

2008-01-01

Telah dilakukan penelitian daya dan sistem kontrol tegangan rangkaian peningkatan suhu motor DC. Banyak energi listrik yang diubah menjadi panas sehingga dapat menyebabkan peningkatan suhu motor DC pada stator dan rotor. Dalam penelitian ini, daya dan sistem kontrol tegangan rangkaian mendeteksi peningkatan suhu motor DC dan juga sebagai umpan balik variabel. Kontrol sistem pasokan tenaga listrik berdasarkan perubahan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini kami memperoleh tenaga maksimum dan tegangan...

Shark - new motor design concept for energy saving-applied to Switched Reluctance Motor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tataru, Ana Mari

with respect to a corresponding cylindrical air gap machine. Furthermore, the two Switched Reluctance Machines are compared with other motor technologies such as Induction Motor and Brushless DC Motor. Analysis of the forces produced in the Shark SRM reveals particular aspects, adding some difficulties...... geometrical pattern on the longitudinal axis of the electrical machine. This shape modification increases the air gap area and thus the energy conversion, taking place in the machine. Whilst other methods of improving the efficiency consider the use of more and/or better magnetic material and/or optimisation...... of the magnetic circuit of the radial cross-section of the machine, the proposed method makes use of the longitudinal cross-section of the machine. In spite of a few reports claiming the improvement of the efficiency by applying the optimisation of the longitudinal cross-section, none analysis of various air gap...

Finite element analysis of permanent magnet motors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boglietti, A.; Chiampi, M.; Tartaglia, M.; Chiarabaglio, D.

1989-01-01

The analysis of permanent magnet D.C. brushless motors, supplied by current control inverters, is developed employing a finite element package tailored for such devices. The study is devoted to predicting the performance of a set of four poles machines, under different operating conditions (no-load, rated load). The over-load conditions are also considered including the saturation effect. Moreover the influence of such design parameters, as the tooth shape and the number of magnet segments, is investigated. Computed results are found in satisfactory agreement with experimental ones

Mathematical modeling and dynamic simulation of a class of drive systems with permanent magnet synchronous motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mikhov M.

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The performance of a two-coordinate drive system with permanent magnet synchronous motors is analyzed and discussed in this paper. Both motors have been controlled in brushless DC motor mode in accordance with the rotor positions. Detailed study has been carried out by means of mathematical modeling and computer simulation for the respective transient and steady-state regimes at various load and work conditions. The research carried out as well as the results obtained can be used in the design, optimization and tuning of such types of drive systems. They could be also applied in the teaching process.

Nonlinear Dynamic Model of PMBLDC Motor Considering Core Losses

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fasil, Muhammed; Mijatovic, Nenad; Jensen, Bogi Bech

2017-01-01

The phase variable model is used commonly when simulating a motor drive system with a three-phase permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor. The phase variable model neglects core losses and this affects its accuracy when modelling fractional-slot machines. The inaccuracy of phase variable mod...... on the detailed analysis of the flux path and the variation of flux in different components of the machine. A prototype of fractional slot axial flux PMBLDC in-wheel motor is used to assess the proposed nonlinear dynamic model....... of fractional-slot machines can be attributed to considerable armature flux harmonics, which causes an increased core loss. This study proposes a nonlinear phase variable model of PMBLDC motor that considers the core losses induced in the stator and the rotor. The core loss model is developed based...

Gravity Compensation Technique Uses Small dc Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Hollow, Richard

1988-01-01

Small dc servomotor powered by simple constant-current source and with suitable gearing used to cancel effect of gravity upon load. Lead-screw positioning system has load counterbalanced by small supplementary motor powered by constant current source. Motor lighter and more compact alternative to counterbalance. Used in variety of mechanical systems where load positioned or accelerated in vertical plane.

Wideband impedance measurements and modeling of DC motors for EMI predictions

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Diouf, F.; Leferink, Frank Bernardus Johannes; Duval, Fabrice; Bensetti, Mohamed

2015-01-01

In electromagnetic interference prediction, dc motors are usually modeled as a source and a series impedance. Previous researches only include the impedance of the armature, while neglecting the effect of the motor's rotation. This paper aims at measuring and modeling the wideband impedance of a dc

Neuro-Fuzzy DC Motor Speed Control Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Boumediene ALLAOUA

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an application of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS control for DC motor speed optimized with swarm collective intelligence. First, the controller is designed according to Fuzzy rules such that the systems are fundamentally robust. Secondly, an adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy controller of the DC motor speed is then designed and simulated; the ANFIS has the advantage of expert knowledge of the Fuzzy inference system and the learning capability of neural networks. Finally, the ANFIS is optimized by Swarm Intelligence. Digital simulation results demonstrate that the deigned ANFIS-Swarm speed controller realize a good dynamic behavior of the DC motor, a perfect speed tracking with no overshoot, give better performance and high robustness than those obtained by the ANFIS alone.

Large-signal analysis of DC motor drive system using state-space averaging technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bekir Yildiz, Ali

2008-01-01

The analysis of a separately excited DC motor driven by DC-DC converter is realized by using state-space averaging technique. Firstly, a general and unified large-signal averaged circuit model for DC-DC converters is given. The method converts power electronic systems, which are periodic time-variant because of their switching operation, to unified and time independent systems. Using the averaged circuit model enables us to combine the different topologies of converters. Thus, all analysis and design processes about DC motor can be easily realized by using the unified averaged model which is valid during whole period. Some large-signal variations such as speed and current relating to DC motor, steady-state analysis, large-signal and small-signal transfer functions are easily obtained by using the averaged circuit model

DC servo motor positioning with anti-windup implementation using C2000 ARM-Texas Instrument

Science.gov (United States)

Linggarjati, Jimmy

2017-12-01

One of the most important topics in control system is DC Motor. At this research, a positioning control system for a DC motor is investigated. Firstly, the DC Motor will be paramaterized to get the transfer function model, in order to be simulated in Matlab, and then implemented in a C2000-ARM microcontroller from TI (Texas Instrument). With this investigation, students in control system theory will be able to understand the importance of classical control theories, in relation to the real world implementation of the position control for the DC Motor, escpecially the importance of Anti-Windup technique in real-world implementation.

AC, DC or EC motor? What type of engine for what purpose?; AC-, DC- oder EC-Motor? Welche Motorausfuehrung fuer welchen Zweck

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeiff, Andreas; Homburg, Dietrich

2009-01-15

Electronics is the key technology in control engineering, but even the best control system requires reliable modules to transmit signals. Modern electric motors have become indispensable here. There are nearly as many motor types as there are applications. Electromagnetic conversion of electric into mechanical power is directly related to motor design. There are AC and DC motors, one-speed motors and variable-speed motors. Rotary momentum and synchronisation can be optimized by selecting the appropriate motor type, as can dynamics and detent torque. Correct selection of the electric motor therefore is essential for an optimal drive concept. (orig.)

モータの高効率化 (<特集>電気機器の省エネルギー化のための新展開)

OpenAIRE

伊藤, 元哉; 森永, 茂樹; Motoya, ITO; Shigeki, MORINAGA; 日立製作所; 日立製作所

1999-01-01

In this paper technology in high-efficiency motor such as induction motor for industrial application, brushless DC motor for air-conditioner and permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicle are discussed.

performance characteristics of an armature voltage controlled dc motor

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr Obe

. INTRODUCTION. The good control properties of the d.c. motor have made possible its initial large scale application in industry [1]. In spite of the present superiority of the solid state squirrel cage induction motor drive, especially at supply ...

DC Motor Parameter Identification Using Speed Step Responses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wei Wu

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Based on the DC motor speed response measurement under a step voltage input, important motor parameters such as the electrical time constant, the mechanical time constant, and the friction can be estimated. A power series expansion of the motor speed response is presented, whose coefficients are related to the motor parameters. These coefficients can be easily computed using existing curve fitting methods. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the application of this approach. In these experiments, the approach was readily implemented and gave more accurate estimates than conventional methods.

Analysis of an AC-DC full-controlled converter supplying two DC-Series-Motor loads

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Hindawi, Mohammed M.; Al-Turki, Yusuf A.; Al-Subaie, Obaid T.

2000-01-01

Phase-controlled converters are widely used because these converters are simple, less expensive, reliable, and do not require any communication circuit. Series motors are extensively used in many applications that require both high starting torque and essentially constant horse power. This paper is concerned with the detailed study of the performance characteristics of an AC-DC full-controlled converter supplying two DC-series-motor loads. The converter loads combination is simulated on a digital computer. Different modes of operation (continuous and discontinuous converter currents) are considered. The critical firing angle at which the mode of operation changes from one mode to another is deduced. The performance characteristics such input power factor, supply current distortion factor, supply current fundamental power factor, torque speed, and motor current ripple factor have been derived and studied for both constant firing angle and constant load factor have been derived and studied for both constant firing angle and constant load power of one motor. Waveforms for each load current and converter current are investigated for different modes of operation. (author)

Electronically commutated DC motor. Elektronisch kommutierter Gleichstrommotor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gruenleitner, H; Schalk, K; Koegler, G

1981-08-13

The purpose of the invention is to create a controlled and electronically commutated DC motor, so that the braking current regulator does not act with the frequency motor current regulator, where an additional switch is not required to decouple the braking current transistor while running, and where the reference value of braking current need not be greater than the reference value of motor current. According to the invention, this problem is solved by a connection, by which, while running, the braking current regulator is interlocked out by means of the output signal of the motor current regulator. A cheap diode and the associated wiring are all that is required for the interlock.

Hybrid I-f starting and observer-based Ssnsorless control of single-phase BLDC-PM motor drives

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Iepure, Liviu Ioan; Boldea, Ion; Blaabjerg, Frede

2012-01-01

A motion sensorless control for single-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motor based on an I-f starting sequence and a real-time permanent magnet flux estimation is proposed here. The special calculation for extracting the position and speed used here implies the generating of an orthogonal flux...... system, the atan2 trigonometric function, and a phase-locked loop observer. The influence of the permanent magnet flux harmonic content is presented by analytical expressions and digital simulations. The proposed sensorless control is validated by complete experimental results on a commercial small high......-speed blower-motor (40 W, 10 krpm, 12 Vdc)....

Miniature 70-W Brushless Motor-Controller for Compact Extraterrestrial-Based Actuation, Phase I

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — This SBIR will support rover locomotion and manipulation with a system of newly-developed penny-sized 70-W brushless servomotor controllers that are networked on a...

Miniature 70-W Brushless Motor-Controller for Compact Extraterrestrial-Based Actuation, Phase II

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — This SBIR will support rover locomotion and manipulation with a system of newly-developed penny-sized 70-W brushless servomotor controllers that are networked on a...

Control strategies for DC motors driving rotor dynamic systems through resonance

Science.gov (United States)

Bisoi, Alfa; Samantaray, A. K.; Bhattacharyya, Ranjan

2017-12-01

Rotor dynamic systems require considerably higher power/torque to accelerate through the structural resonance. However, most sources of mechanical power are non-ideal, i.e., they can only provide a limited amount of power. If there is insufficient power to overcome the resonance then the rotor speed may get caught at resonance and the persistent high vibrations can damage the machine. Various proposed solutions to this problem deal with modifications to the mechanical structure and active/semi-active control of structural parameters. This article proposes modification to the prime mover so that peak available power is delivered exactly at the structural resonance frequency. The limited power/non-ideal prime mover considered in this article is a direct current (DC) motor and the structural resonance happens due to forcing from an eccentric rotor disk and vibrations of a flexible weakly damped foundation. Various control strategies to modify the torque-speed characteristics of permanent magnet, shunt and series wound DC motors to promote escape through resonance are considered. Also, the characteristic curves for rotor/motor speed versus the DC supply voltage are obtained for the considered DC motor types from which the unattainable steady angular speeds and the speed jumps due to Sommerfeld effect are computed. Transient simulations are performed using bond graph models for this multi-energy domain (here, electro-mechanical) system. It is shown that a switched control permitting to switch between shunt and series DC motor configurations gives better regulation over the power delivery at the resonant frequency as well as super-critical operating speeds in the neighborhood of structural resonance.

IE Information No. 87-08: Degraded motor leads in Limitorque dc motor operators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jordan, E.L.

1992-01-01

On May 6, 1986 the NRC received from Portland General Electric Company a 10 CFR 21 report concerning a motor failure which occurred at its Trojan Nuclear Power Plant. The failure involved shorting of the motor leads inside a Limitorque motor operator connected to an auxiliary feedwater flow control valve. Upon inspection it was determined that the failure was the result of insulation degradation of the motor leads that had allowed two leads to short together. Recently, the NRC has also learned of a failure at the Turkey Point Nuclear Power Plant in which the steam supply valve for the auxiliary feedwater turbine failed to operate after a Limitorque motor operator experienced a similar motor lead short circuit. The Trojan and the Turkey Point Limitorque operators were found to contain motors manufactured with Nomex-Kapton insulated leads. On January 12--14, 1987, the NRC conducted an inspection at Peerless-Winsmith, Inc., manufacturer of dc motors for Limitorque Co. During this inspection it was determined that the failed Nomex-Kapton leads were different than the leads which were fitted to the motors, tested, and documented in Limitorque Qualification Report B-0009 for dc motor operators. The leads attached to the tested motors were insulated with Nomex plus an epoxy impregnated braided fiberglass sleeve. The NRC knows of no analysis or testing that has been performed to show the Nomex-Kapton leads are acceptable for use in an application requiring environmental qualification. Further, it should be noted that the failures cited above occurred under normal operating conditions, not under the harsh conditions which could occur in areas where environmental qualification is required

A Novel Method for Sensorless Speed Detection of Brushed DC Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ernesto Vazquez-Sanchez

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Many motor applications require accurate speed measurement. For brushed dc motors, speed can be measured with conventional observers or sensorless observers. Sensorless observers have the advantage of not requiring any external devices to be attached to the motor. Instead, voltage and/or current are measured and used to estimate the speed. The sensorless observers are usually divided into two groups: those based on the dynamic model, and those based on the ripple component. This paper proposes a method that measures the current of brushed dc motors and analyses the position of its spectral components. From these spectral components, the method estimates the motor speed. Three tests, performed each with the speeds ranging from 2000 to 3000 rpm either at constant-speed, at slowly changing speeds, or at rapidly changing speeds, showed that the average error was below 1 rpm and that the deviation error was below 1.5 rpm. The proposed method: (i is a novel method that is not based on either the dynamic model or on the ripple component; (ii requires only the measurement of the current for the speed estimation; (iii can be used for brushed dc (direct current motors with a large number of coils; and (iv achieves a low error in the speed estimation.

Calculation Of The Brushless DC Motor Shaft Speed With Allowances For Incorrect Alignment Of Sensors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kolano Krzysztof

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The paper treats of correcting calculation errors of the BLDC motor speed, based on the time elapsed between successive changes in the shaft position sensor signal. The developed method enables correction of errors of the deployment of sensors as well as rotating elements of the observation system of the motor shaft position. The correction algorithm performance was analysed with the aid of a model implemented in Matlab-Simulink environment. After confirming usefulness of the developed method through simulation, its usefulness was verified in real closed-loop feedback systems with a BLDC motor. The results of measurements carried out at the developed laboratory station are presented.

Optimization Design and Performance Analysis of a PM Brushless Rotor Claw Pole Motor with FEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhenyang Zhang

2016-07-01

Full Text Available A new type of permanent magnet (PM brushless claw pole motor (CPM with soft magnetic composite (SMC core is designed and analyzed in this paper. The PMs are mounted on the claw pole surface, and the three-phase stator windings are fed by variable-frequency three-phase AC currents. The advantages of the proposed CPM are that the slip rings on the rotor are cast off and it can achieve the efficiency improvement and higher power density. The effects of the claw-pole structure parameters, the air-gap length, and the PM thinner parameter of the proposed CPM on the output torque are investigated by using three-dimensional time-stepping finite element method (3D TS-FEM. The optimal rotor structure of the proposed CPM is obtained by using the response surface methodology (RSM and the particle swarm optimization (PSO method and the comparison of full-load performances of the proposed CPM with different material cores (SMC and silicon steel is analyzed.

A new method for speed control of a DC motor using magnetorheological clutch

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Quoc Hung; Choi, Seung-Bok

2014-03-01

In this research, a new method to control speed of DC motor using magnetorheological (MR) clutch is proposed and realized. Firstly, the strategy of a DC motor speed control using MR clutch is proposed. The MR clutch configuration is then proposed and analyzed based on Bingham-plastic rheological model of MR fluid. An optimal designed of the MR clutch is then studied to find out the optimal geometric dimensions of the clutch that can transform a required torque with minimum mass. A prototype of the optimized MR clutch is then manufactured and its performance characteristics are experimentally investigated. A DC motor speed control system featuring the optimized MR clutch is designed and manufactured. A PID controller is then designed to control the output speed of the system. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DC motor speed control system, experimental results of the system such as speed tracking performance are obtained and presented with discussions.

Muscle emulation with DC motor and neural networks for biped robots.

Science.gov (United States)

Serhan, Hayssam; Nasr, Chaiban G; Henaff, Patrick

2010-08-01

This paper shows how to use a DC motor and its PID controller, to behave analogously to a muscle. A model of the muscle that has been learned by a NNARX (Neural Network Auto Regressive eXogenous) structure is used. The PID parameters are tuned by an MLP Network with a special indirect online learning algorithm. The calculation of the learning algorithm is performed based on a mathematical equation of the DC motor or with a Neural Network identification of the motor. For each of the two algorithms, the output of the muscle model is used as a reference for the DC motor control loop. The results show that we succeeded in forcing the physical system to behave in the same way as the muscle model with acceptable margin of error. An implementation in the knees of a simulated biped robot is realized. Simulation compares articular trajectories with and without the muscle emulator and shows that with muscle emulator, articular trajectories become closer to the human being ones and that total power consumption is reduced.

Analysis of Engine Propeller Matching of DC Motor as a Main Propulsion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eddy Setyo Koenhardono

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The development of ship always searches through the most benefits system for reducing costs of propulsion system without increase pollution. Diesel propulsion system or also known as conventional propulsion system is efficient but requires high operating costs and increase high level of marine pollution. Electrical propulsion system is using electric motors as the prime mover of the propeller. There are 2 types of electric motors that will be used for research of electric propulsion system, there are; DC motors and three-phases induction motor. As the use of DC motor as a prime mover for this electrical propulsion system, this study determines the characteristic between voltage terminal with torque and also field current with torque. It results that torque produced by the DC motor is in the same magnitude with the speed (RPM. The higher the speed have shaped the value of the torque. The input and terminal voltages adjusts all variables and results. In this study, different field voltage creates different pattern of motor envelope. Its manner to propeller curve occurs total different results. With field voltage of 50 V, the ranges of motor envelope immoveable in the point of 150% of present speed and 160%. While field voltage of 60 V serves larger ranges of motor envelope which possible to reach further than 50 V curve.

Performance evaluation of directly photovoltaic powered DC PM (direct current permanent magnet) motor – propeller thrust system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atlam, Ozcan; Kolhe, Mohan

2013-01-01

Photovoltaic (PV) powered directly coupled electro-mechanical system has wide applications (e.g. PV powered cooling fans in green houses, PV water pumping system, solar vehicles). The objective of this work is to analyse the operation of directly PV powered DC PM (direct current permanent magnet) motor – propeller system for selection of motor parameters. The performance of such system mainly depends on the incident solar radiation, operating cell temperature, DC motor and propeller load parameters. It is observed that the operating points of the PV DC PM motor – propeller system matches very closely with the maximum power points (MPPs) of the PV array, if the DC PM motor – propeller parameters have been properly selected. It is found that for a specific application of such type of system, matching of torque–speed operating points with respect to the maximum power points of PV array are very important. It is ascertained through results that the DC PM motor's armature resistance, magnetic field constant, starting current to overcome the starting torque and torque coefficient are the main parameters. In designing a PV powered DC PM motor for a specific application, selection of these parameters are important for maximum utilization of the PV array output. The results of this system are useful for designing of directly PV powered DC PM motor's for aerodynamic applications. - Highlights: • We analyse the performance of directly PV powered DC PM motor – propeller system. • We examine PV electro-mechanical system for selection of DC motor parameters. • Matching of torque–speed curve to maximum power points of PV array is important

DC motor proportional control system for orthotic devices

Science.gov (United States)

Blaise, H. T.; Allen, J. R.

1972-01-01

Multi-channel proportional control system for operation of dc motors for use with externally-powered orthotic arm braces is described. Components of circuitry and principles of operation are described. Schematic diagram of control circuit is provided.

Simulasi Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Berbasis Metode Backpropagation Sebagai Pengendali Kecepatan Motor DC

OpenAIRE

Wiryadinata, Romi; Ratnawati, Dwi Ana

2005-01-01

Motor DC dan komputer banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-sehari, baik di rumah tangga,industri maupun lingkungan pendidikan yang sangat membutuhkan ketelitian dan penggunan yang serbaotomatis. Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan merupakan salah satu kendali motor DC yang dapat disimulasikanmenggunakan neural network toolbox pada software Matlab 6.5. Dengan menggunakan metode Backpropagationdan fungsi Gradient Descent Momentum diperoleh struktur jaringan yang terbaik, terdiri dari 5 sel neuronlapisan ...

Pengujian dan Simulasi Karakteristik Motor DC pada Industri dengan Metode Algoritma Genetik

OpenAIRE

Syam, Rafiuddin

2009-01-01

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang pengujian karakteristik motor DC dengan eksperimental dan simulasi. Pada banyak sistem motor DC penguat terpisah yang digunakan dalam dunia industri, namun demikian selalu menjadi masalah adalah sejauh mana pengaruh arus jangkar terhadap putaran. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pengaruharus jangkar terhadap putaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam uji simulasi adalah menggunakan metode algoritma genetik dengan program simulink Matlab V.7. Sela...

A Novel Sensorless Control Strategy for Brushless Direct Current Motor Based on the Estimation of Line Back Electro-Motive Force

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chengde Tong

2017-09-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a novel sensorless control strategy based on the estimation of line back electro-motive force (BEMF is proposed. According to the phase relationship between the ideal commutation points of the brushless direct current motor (BLDCM and the zero-crossing points (ZCPs of the line BEMF, the calculation formula of line BEMF is simplified properly and the commutation rule for different positions of the rotor is presented. The estimation error of line BEMF caused by the freewheeling current of silent phase is analyzed, and the solution is given. With the phase shift of the low-pass filter considered, a compensation method using “60°-α” and “120°-α” is studied in this paper to eliminate the error. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the rotor-position-detection error is reduced effectively and the motor driven by the accurate commutation signal can work well at low and high speed.

Shark, new motor design concept for energy saving applied to switched reluctance motor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tataru Kjaer, A.M.

2005-07-01

measurement of efficiencies proved that the Shark air gap improves the efficiency of a specified machine by two to four % point with respect to a corresponding cylindrical air gap machine. Furthermore, the two Switched Reluctance Machines are compared with other motor technologies such as Induction Motor and Brushless DC Motor. Analysis of the forces produced in the Shark SRM reveals particular aspects, adding some difficulties to assembly the Shark motor. However, the latest assembly technologies provide solution for a simplified assembly of a Shark machine. Calculations of economical aspects demonstrate a small difference in saving between the Shark Switched Reluctance Motor and the Brushless DC Motor considered in this project. (au)

Analysis of the Torque Ripples in Designing a Disk Type Brushless Direct Current Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. V. Stepanov

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates the torque ripples of disk-type low-power brushless direct current motor (BDCM with permanent magnets. In spite of numerous studies on designing of valve engines this issue is understudied as yet. The torque ripples cause noise and vibration and can significantly limit accuracy when used in instrumentation, computer technology.We consider a motor that includes a power unit consisting of a rotor and a stator. There are ferrite elements of sensor on the rotor, and the nonmagnetic disk, bonded to it, contains permanent magnets. The rotor is mounted on a rotating shaft. The stator consists of a steel casing and bonded to it non-magnetic, non-conductive disk with holes. In the disk holes from both sides are mounted armature coils. The armature winding consists of two sections each of which has 6 coils. Each adjacent coil in section has an opposite direction of winding. The coils are arranged circumferentially and are shifted relative to each other; the displacement angle between the coils of one section is equal to 2π/6 (rad. Sections are also shifted relative to each other; the angular shift is π/6 (rad. Sections are connected to the output terminals of the electronic switch. Sections of motor windings have the reverse full-wave power.The paper has investigated the steady operation at four-stroke switching and under constant load (torque. In this case, the electromagnetic torque and rotor speed are periodical functions of the rotor rotation angle. The dependencies of the averaged torque on the rotation speed have been obtained. The spectral distribution of the torque ripples at various rotor speeds of rotation has been calculated. The dependencies of the torque on the speed were studied both at constant speed and taking into account the uneven speed. Based on the research findings of disk type BDCM was computed a level of ripples amounted to 0.8 - 5%, which is quite acceptable for use in a drive. The results are useful for

Design, implementation, and application of 150-degree commutation VSI to improve speed range of sensored BLDC motor.

Science.gov (United States)

Ozgenel, Mehmet Cihat

2017-09-01

Permanent magnet brushless dc (BLDC) motors are very convenient for many applications such as industrial, medical, robotic, aerospace, small electric vehicles, and home applications because of their inherent satisfying dynamic characteristics. There are numerous studies about these motors and their control schemes such as sensorless control and different speed and torque control schemes. All electric motors need commutation in order to produce speed and torque. Commutation in brushed DC motors is performed by means of a brush and collector. In BLDC motors, commutation is provided electronically in contrast to the brushed dc motors. In BLDC motors, motor phase windings are energized according to the information of the rotor position by inverter transistors. Rotor position information is used for commutation. Therefore, rotor position information is required to produce speed and torque for BLDC motors. The easiest and cheapest way to obtain rotor position information is to use Hall-effect or optical sensors. BLDC motor manufacturers generally produce BLDC motors equipped with three Hall-effect position sensors. Having three position sensors on BLDC motors provides six-step commutation which ensures two phase windings are energized in each moment. The third phase is empty. In this study, all phase windings are energized in the same time. This commutation method is twelve-step or 150 degrees commutation. So that more speed can be achieved from the same BLDC motor by comparison with six-step commutation. In this paper, both six-step and twelve-step commutation methods applied to the same BLDC motor and obtained experimental results from this study were presented, examined, and discussed.

Design, implementation, and application of 150-degree commutation VSI to improve speed range of sensored BLDC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Ozgenel, Mehmet Cihat

2017-09-01

Permanent magnet brushless dc (BLDC) motors are very convenient for many applications such as industrial, medical, robotic, aerospace, small electric vehicles, and home applications because of their inherent satisfying dynamic characteristics. There are numerous studies about these motors and their control schemes such as sensorless control and different speed and torque control schemes. All electric motors need commutation in order to produce speed and torque. Commutation in brushed DC motors is performed by means of a brush and collector. In BLDC motors, commutation is provided electronically in contrast to the brushed dc motors. In BLDC motors, motor phase windings are energized according to the information of the rotor position by inverter transistors. Rotor position information is used for commutation. Therefore, rotor position information is required to produce speed and torque for BLDC motors. The easiest and cheapest way to obtain rotor position information is to use Hall-effect or optical sensors. BLDC motor manufacturers generally produce BLDC motors equipped with three Hall-effect position sensors. Having three position sensors on BLDC motors provides six-step commutation which ensures two phase windings are energized in each moment. The third phase is empty. In this study, all phase windings are energized in the same time. This commutation method is twelve-step or 150 degrees commutation. So that more speed can be achieved from the same BLDC motor by comparison with six-step commutation. In this paper, both six-step and twelve-step commutation methods applied to the same BLDC motor and obtained experimental results from this study were presented, examined, and discussed.

Rapid Control Prototyping Plataform for Didactic Plant Motor DC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristian Bazán-Orobio

2013-06-01

Full Text Available In this paper a design, implementation and validation of a Rapid Control Prototype platform for a plant based on a DC motor is proposed. This low-cost prototype provides of an electronic card (with a motor DC and sensors manipulated by PC with free software tools using Linux, Scilab / Scicos and RTAI-Lab. This RCP System allows developing speed -position control trainings by using different types of PID industrial controllers with anti – wind up and bump less transfer schemes. We develop a speed control application structured in four steps: identification, controller design, simulation and real time control, where there are pedagogical advantages of a platform that not only allows simulation but also real-time control of a plant.

Efficient IEC permanent-magnet motor (3 kW) - Final report; Effizienter IEC Permanent-Magnet-Motor (3 kW) - Schlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lindegger, M. [Circle Motor AG, Guemligen (Switzerland); Biner, H. P.; Evequoz, B. [Haute Ecole valaisanne, Sion (Switzerland); Salathe, D. [Hochschule Luzern, Technik und Architektur, Horw (Switzerland)

2008-04-15

Efficient permanent-magnet motors achieve in the area up to 100 kW a higher efficiency than induction machines (standard motors). A simple and fast energy saving option is the exchange of inefficient standard motors. The objective of this work is to install a 3 kW permanent-magnet motor in a standard IEC housing and the optimization of the design for high efficiency. Another objective is the development and the realization of an efficient variable speed control. The efficiency of the motor and the inverter with the control system must be demonstrated by tests. These tasks have been split between Circle Motor AG and the universities of applied sciences of Valais and Lucerne. Considering high-efficiency and low manufacturing cost, a brushless DC solution was adopted. This resulted in an optimum design of the motor and the control system realized with a three-phase rectifier, a buck converter with variable DC voltage, and a three-phase inverter feeding full positive and negative current to two of the legs simultaneously. The maximum measured efficiency is about 96.5% for the inverter and 92% for the motor. With the advantage of the variable speed operation, the efficiency of the realized 3 kW permanent magnet motor together with the control system is always higher than the efficiency of a measured class EFF1 induction motor, even with a direct connection to the grid. The permanent-magnet motor is also about 10 kg lighter. The cost calculation shows that the permanent-magnet motor can be competitive with the induction motor when speed control is desired. This is also the domain with the largest potential for energy savings from variable speed pumps, compressors, fans. (author)

speed control of dc motor on load using fuzzy logic controller

African Journals Online (AJOL)

HP

STUDY OF EMERGENCY LUBE OIL PUMP MOTOR OF H25 HITACHI. TURBINE GENERATOR ... with a reference, and if there is an offset, the controller takes action to ... magnetic flux of the air-gap that exists in the motor provided the field is ... Figure 3: Block Diagram of Field-Controlled DC Motor for Driving Lube Oil Pump.

Performance of a 14.9-kW laminated-frame dc series motor with chopper controller

Science.gov (United States)

Schwab, J. R.

1979-01-01

Traction motor using two types of excitation: ripple free dc from a motor generator set for baseline data and chopped dc as supplied by a battery and chopper controller was tested. For the same average values of input voltage and current, the power output was independent of the type of excitation. At the same speeds, motor efficiency at low power output (corresponding to low duty cycle of the controller) was 5 to 10 percentage points less on chopped dc than on ripple-free dc. This illustrates that for chopped waveforms, it is incorrect to calculate input power as the product of average voltage and average current. Locked-rotor torque, no load losses, and magnetic saturation data were so determined.

Novel Synchronous Linear and Rotatory Micro Motors Based on Polymer Magnets with Organic and Inorganic Insulation Layers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreas WALDSCHIK

2008-12-01

Full Text Available In this work, we report on the development of several synchronous motors with rotatory or linear movements. The synchronous micro motors are brushless DC motors or stepper motors with electrically controlled commutation consisting of a stator and a rotor. The rotor is mounted onto the stator and is adjusted by an integrated guidance. Inside the stator different coil systems are realized, like double layer sector coils or special nested coils. The coil systems can be controlled by three or six phases depending on the operational mode. Furthermore, inorganic insulation layers were used in order to reduce the thickness of the system. By this means four layers of electrical conductors can be realized especially for the 2D devices. The smallest diameter of the rotatory motor is 1 mm and could be successfully driven.

Analisis Perhitungan Panas Motor DC SHUNT Pada Saat Start Dan Pengereman ( Aplikasi pada Laboratorium Konversi Energi Listrik FT-USU ).

OpenAIRE

Ginting, Eka Dian Arjuna

2011-01-01

Motor adalah mesin yang mengubah energi listrik menjadi energi mekanis. Pada motor arus searah energi listrik arus searah diubah menjadi energi mekanis. Dalam dunia industri, motor arus searah banyak digunakan sebagai penggerak pompa air, blower, hoist pada crane. Dalam operasi suatu motor DC maka akan timbul rugi – rugi panas sehingga terjadi kenaikan suhu yang menyebabkan kerusakan isolasi pada motor DC tersebut. Pada motor DC rugi – rugi panas lebih besar terjadi pada kea...

Magnification of starting torques of dc motors by maximum power point trackers in photovoltaic systems

Science.gov (United States)

Appelbaum, Joseph; Singer, S.

1989-01-01

Direct current (dc) motors are used in terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) systems such as in water-pumping systems for irrigation and water supply. Direct current motors may also be used for space applications. Simple and low weight systems including dc motors may be of special interest in space where the motors are directly coupled to the solar cell array (with no storage). The system will operate only during times when sufficient insolation is available. An important performance characteristic of electric motors is the starting to rated torque ratio. Different types of dc motors have different starting torque ratios. These ratios are dictated by the size of solar cell array, and the developed motor torque may not be sufficient to overcome the load starting torque. By including a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) in the PV system, the starting to rated torque ratio will increase, the amount of which depends on the motor type. The starting torque ratio is calculated for the permanent magnet, series and shunt excited dc motors when powered by solar cell arrays for two cases: with and without MPPT's. Defining a motor torque magnification by the ratio of the motor torque with an MPPT to the motor torque without an MPPT, a magnification of 3 was obtained for the permanent magnet motor and a magnification of 7 for both the series and shunt motors. The effect of the variation of solar insolation on the motor starting torque was covered. All motor types are less sensitive to insolation variation in systems including MPPT's as compared to systems with MPPT's. The analysis of this paper will assist the PV system designed to determine whether or not to include an MPPT in the system for a specific motor type.

Noise Source Identification of Small Fan-BLDC Motor System for Refrigerators

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yong-Han Kim

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Noise levels in household appliances are increasingly attracting attention from manufacturers and customers. Legislation is becoming more severe on acceptable noise levels and low noise is a major marketing point for many products. The latest trend in the refrigerator manufacturing industry is to use brushless DC (BLDC motors instead of induction motors in order to reduce energy consumption and noise radiation. However, cogging torque from BLDC motor is an undesirable effect that prevents the smooth rotation of the rotor and results in noise. This paper presents a practical approach for identifying the source of excessive noise in the small fan-motor system for household refrigerators. The source is presumed to a mechanical resonance excited by torque ripple of the BLDC motor. By using finite element analysis, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the rotating part of the system are obtained and they are compared with experimental mode shapes obtained by electronic torsional excitation test which uses BLDC motor itself as an exciter. Two experimental validations are carried out to confirm the reduction of excessive noise.

An adaptive nonlinear internal-model control for the speed control of homopolar salient-pole BLDC motor

Science.gov (United States)

CheshmehBeigi, Hassan Moradi

2018-05-01

In this paper, a novel speed control method for Homopolar Brushless DC (HBLDC) motor based on the adaptive nonlinear internal-model control (ANIMC) is presented. Rotor position information is obtained online by the Hall-Effect sensors placed on the motor's shaft, and is used to calculate the accurate model and accurate inverse model of the HBLDC motor. The online inverse model of the motor is used in the controller structure. To suppress the reference ? error, the negative feedback of difference between the motor speed and its model output ? is applied in the proposed controller. An appropriate signal is the output of the controller, which drives the power switches to converge the motor speed to the constant desired speed. Simulations and experiments are carried out on a ? three-phase HBLDC motor. The proposed drive system operates well in the speed response and has good robustness with respect to the disturbances. To validate the theoretical analysis, several experimental results are discussed in this paper.

PEMBUATAN SISTEM PENGATURAN PUTARAN MOTOR DC MENGGUNAKAN KONTROL PROPORTIONAL-INTEGRAL-DERIVATIVE (PID DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN SENSOR KMZ51

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L Khakim

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan desain rancang bangun sistem pengendalian otomatis yang digerakkan dengan dua motor DC sehingga mampu mempertahankan kelembaman pada arahnya. Sistem otomatis ini terdiri dari sensor KMZ51 sebagai komponen feedback dan dua motor DC sebagai komponen plant. Pengujian dari sistem otomatis dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu pengujian sensor KMZ51, pengujian PWM sebagai penggerak motor DC dan pengujian performansi kontrol PID. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai ketelitian sensor 99.17%. Pada pengujian PWM diperoleh error pengukuran 1.07% dan pengujian performansi sistem didapatkan bahwa penerapan kontrol PID dapat mengatur putaran motor DC sehingga model sistem mampu mempertahankan arahnya pada set point yang telah ditentukan dengan nilai overshoot maximum kurang dari 10%, rise time 2 detik dan settling time kurang dari 5% yang diperoleh pada Kp= 27, Ki= 6, dan Kd= 40 menggunakan metode trial and error. This research is design of automatic control system which driven by two DC motors that can keep the inertia of direction. The system is composed of sensor KMZ51 as feedback component and two DC motors as plant component. Testing of the automated system divided into three, KMZ51 sensor testing, PWM testing as drive DC motors, and performance testing of PID control system. The results show that the sensor accuracy values 99.17%, on testing the PWM measurement error obtained 1.07%, and testing of performance system obtained that the application of PID control can adjust DC motors rotation so that the model system is able to maintain direction the set point specified with maximum overshoot less than 10%, rise time of 2 seconds and settling time less than 5% were obtained at Kp= 27, Ki= 6, and Kd= 40 using trial and error method

A Modified High-Efficient Step-Up Sepic for DC Motor Drives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. Dhanasekaran

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper, Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC fed DC motor is proposed. Soft-switching technique such as Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS and Zero-Current-Switching (ZCS operation plays a vital role in high voltage applications. Zero-Current-Switching (ZCS operation achieved due to resonance between the resonant inductor and the capacitor by using output diode and its reverse-recovery loss is subsequently reduced. Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS operation is achieved by using coupled inductor and auxiliary inductor. The model has been simulated through MATLAB/SIMULINK using Diode Bridge, SEPIC topology and closed loop DC motor load and it is modeled analytically. The proposed system is modeled with input side Diode Bridge Rectifier and SEPIC Topology with Proportional Integral (PI controller. The soft switching scheme for the proposed topology is developed with closed loop motor load. The motor voltage is achieved twice the rated voltage. The results are generated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and are shown.

Analisis Penalaan Kontrol PID pada Simulasi Kendali Kecepatan Putaran Motor DC Berbeban menggunakan Metode Heuristik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

WALUYO WALUYO

2017-06-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Motor DC banyak digunakan di industri kecil dan besar.Kecepatan motor DC sering tidak stabil akibat gangguan dari luar maupun perubahan parameter dan torsi beban sehingga perlu dilakukan rancangan kontroler.Kontroler yang dirancang menggunakan PID yang terdiri dari tiga jenis cara pengaturan yang dikombinasikan, yaitu kontrol P (Proportional, kontrol I (Integral dan kontrol D (Derivatif.Kontroler yang dirancang disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak. Hasil simulasi menunjukan kontroler PID untuk kendali kecepatan motor DC ini menghasilkan kondisi robust (kokoh saat nilai Kp = 1,1, Ti = 0,1, Td = 3,7. Hasil dari parameter kendali yang dirancang memiliki error steady state 0,99 % dan dengan settling time 3,7 detik pada rise time 2,00 detik dan nilai peak terletak pada 0,99. Kecepatan awal yang dihasilkan mendekati set point yang diinginkan pada detik ke 6 dan kecepatannya tidak ada penurunan atau tetap konstan sampai dengan detik ke 100. Kata kunci : Motor DC, PID, Heuristik, Steady State, Rise Time   ABSTRACT DC motors are widely used in small and large industries. Their speeds are often unstable due to interference from outside or change the parameters and load torque, so that it was necessary to design a controller. The controller was designed using a PIDconsists of three types of arrangements, which are mutually combined way, namely the control P (Proportional, control I (Integral and control D (Derivative. The controllers were designed using software for simulation. The simulation results showed the PID controller for DC motor speed control produced robust conditionswhen the value of Kp, Ti and Tdwere 1.1,  0.1 and 3.7 respectively. The results of the control parameters had error steady state 0.99 % and the settling time of 3.7 seconds at 2.0 sec rise time and the peak value was 0,99. The resulted initial velocity was very fast to approach the desired set point in the sixth second and its speed was remain constant until 100

Analisis Penalaan Kontrol PID pada Simulasi Kendali Kecepatan Putaran Motor DC Berbeban menggunakan Metode Heuristik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

WALUYO WALUYO

2013-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Motor DC banyak digunakan di industri kecil dan besar.Kecepatan motor DC sering tidak stabil akibat gangguan dari luar maupun perubahan parameter dan torsi beban sehingga perlu dilakukan rancangan kontroler.Kontroler yang dirancang menggunakan PID yang terdiri dari tiga jenis cara pengaturan yang dikombinasikan, yaitu kontrol P (Proportional, kontrol I (Integral dan kontrol D (Derivatif.Kontroler yang dirancang disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak. Hasil simulasi menunjukan kontroler PID untuk kendali kecepatan motor DC ini menghasilkan kondisi robust (kokoh saat nilai Kp = 1,1, Ti = 0,1, Td = 3,7. Hasil dari parameter kendali yang dirancang memiliki error steady state 0,99 % dan dengan settling time 3,7 detik pada rise time 2,00 detik dan nilai peak terletak pada 0,99. Kecepatan awal yang dihasilkan mendekati set point yang diinginkan pada detik ke 6 dan kecepatannya tidak ada penurunan atau tetap konstan sampai dengan detik ke 100. Kata kunci: Motor DC, PID, Heuristik, Steady State, Rise Time   ABSTRACT DC motors are widely used in small and large industries. Their speeds are often unstable due to interference from outside or change the parameters and load torque, so that it was necessary to design a controller. The controller was designed using a PIDconsists of three types of arrangements, which are mutually combined way, namely the control P (Proportional, control I (Integral and control D (Derivative. The controllers were designed using software for simulation. The simulation results showed the PID controller for DC motor speed control produced robust conditionswhen the value of Kp, Ti and Tdwere 1.1,  0.1 and 3.7 respectively. The results of the control parameters had error steady state 0.99 % and the settling time of 3.7 seconds at 2.0 sec rise time and the peak value was 0,99. The resulted initial velocity was very fast to approach the desired set point in the sixth second and its speed was remain constant until 100

Solid state circuit controls direction, speed, and braking of dc motor

Science.gov (United States)

Hanna, M. F.

1966-01-01

Full-wave bridge rectifier circuit controls the direction, speed, and braking of a dc motor. Gating in the circuit of Silicon Controlled Rectifiers /SCRS/ controls output polarity and braking is provided by an SCR that is gated to short circuit the reverse voltage generated by reversal of motor rotation.

Straight and chopped DC performance data for a General Electric 5BY436A1 DC shunt motor with a General Electric EV-1 controller

Science.gov (United States)

Edie, P. C.

1981-01-01

Both straight and chopped dc motor performance data for a General Electric 5BY436A1 motor with a General Electric EV-1 controller is presented in tabular and graphical formats. Effects of motor temperature and operating voltage are also shown. The maximum motor efficiency is approximately 85% at low operating temperatures in the straight dc mode. Chopper efficiency can be assumed to be 95% under all operating conditions. For equal speeds, the motor operated in the chopped mode develops slightly more torque and draws more current than it does in the straight mode.

Computer Aided Modeling and Analysis of Five-Phase PMBLDC Motor Drive for Low Power High Torque Application

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. A. Inayathullaah

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In order to achieve high torque at low power with high efficiency, a new five-phase permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC motor design was analyzed and optimized. A similar three-phase motor having the same D/L ratio (inner diameter (D and length of the stator (L is compared for maximum torque and torque ripple of the designed five-phase PMBLDC motor. Maxwell software was used to build finite element simulation model of the motor. The internal complicated magnetic field distribution and dynamic performance simulation were obtained in different positions. No load and load characteristics of the five-phase PMBLDC motor were simulated, and the power consumption of materials was computed. The conformity of the final simulation results indicates that this method can be used to provide a theoretical basis for further optimal design of this new type of motor with its drive so as to improve the starting torque and reduce torque ripple of the motor.

Permanent magnet DC motor control by using arduino and motor drive module BTS7960

Science.gov (United States)

Syukriyadin, S.; Syahrizal, S.; Mansur, G.; Ramadhan, H. P.

2018-05-01

This study proposes a control system for permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor. PMDC drive control system has two critical parameters: control and monitoring. Control system includes rotation speed control and direction of rotation of motor using motor drive module BTS7960. The PWM signal has a fixed frequency of waves with varying duty cycles (between 0% and 100%), so the motor rotation can be regulated gradually using a potentiometer already programmed on the Arduino Uno board. The motor rotation direction setting uses the H-bridge circuit method using a 3-way switch to set the direction of forward-reverse rotation of the motor. The monitoring system includes measurements of rotational speed, current, and voltage. Motor rotation speed can be adjusted from the armature voltage settings through the duty cycle PWM setting so that the motor speed can be increased or decreased by the desired duty cycle. From the unload PMDC motor test results it has also been shown that the torque of the motor is relatively constant when there is a change in speed from low rpm to high rpm or vice versa.

Analysis and Stabilization of Chaos in Permanent Magnet DC Motor Driver

Science.gov (United States)

Tahir, Fadhil Rahma; Abdul-Hassan, Khalid M.; Abdullah, Mohammed Abbas; Pham, Viet-Thanh; Hoang, Thang Manh; Wang, Xiong

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamics of permanent magnet (PM) DC motor drive with proportional (P) controller have been investigated. The drive system shows different dynamical behaviors; periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic behaviors, and those are characterized by using bifurcation diagram, phase portrait, and time series. The stability analysis of period-1 behavior is studied by using Filippov’s method, the analytic results show good agreement with simulation ones. Then, the stabilization of chaos to fixed point is carried out by using the sliding mode control (SMC). In addition, experimentally the nonlinear dynamics and the proposed stabilization method to PM DC motor drive system have been achieved by using a microcontroller. For the first time, it is noted that when the system is in chaotic dynamics, the vibration of the motor is increased approximately 400% compared with the system in periodic dynamical behavior.

IMPLEMENTATION OF PID ON PIC24F SERIES MICROCONTROLLER FOR SPEED CONTROL OF A DC MOTOR USING MPLAB AND PROTEUS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sohaib Aslam

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Speed control of DC motor is very critical in most of the industrial systems where accuracy and protection are of essence. This paper presents the simulations of Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID on a 16-bit PIC 24F series microcontroller for speed control of a DC motor in the presence of load torque. The PID gains have been tuned by Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR technique and then it is implemented on microcontroller using MPLAB and finally simulated for speed control of DC motor in Proteus Virtual System Modeling (VSM software.Proteus has built in feature to add load torque to DC motor so simulation results have been presented in three cases speed of DC motor is controlled without load torque, with 25% load torque and with 50% load torque. In all three cases PID effectively controls the speed of DC motor with minimum steady state error.

The Impact of Grid Unbalances on the Reliability of DC-link Capacitors in a Motor Drive

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wang, Huai; Davari, Pooya; Kumar, Dinesh

2017-01-01

DC-link capacitor is one of the reliability-critical components in motor drive applications, which contributes to a considerable cost, size and failure. Its reliability performance depends on both inherent physical strength and external loading. The grid unbalances could alter the electro......-thermal stresses of key components in a motor drive. Therefore, this digest investigates the impact of grid voltage amplitude and phase unbalances on the lifetime of DC-link capacitors used in a standard three-phase motor drive. The theoretical stress models and experimental measurements of the capacitor voltages...... and ripple currents are presented. The relationship between the DC-link capacitor lifetime and the level of unbalances and loads are discussed based on a 7.5 kW motor drive system. The results serve as a guideline to size the DC-link capacitors to be robust enough at the presence of grid unbalance conditions....

Analysis of Electric Propulsion Performance on Submersible with Motor DC, Supply Power 10260AH at Voltage 115VDC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Indra Ranu Kusuma

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Electric propulsion is the ship system using propulsion motor to replace performance of main engine. The application of diesel engine as propulsion system have some problems and weaknesses such as diesel engine unability to operate when submersible vessel is operating under sea. To overcome that problems in submersible vessel, alternative solution of ship propulsion is required. DC Motor can be used as this alternative solution. Submersible vessel use electric propulsion system with DC Motor because DC Motor has advantages of easy rotation setting and does not cause noise when submersible vessel is diving. This bachelor thesis will study the application of DC Motor as an electric propulsion system on submersible vessel with length 59,57 m in series and parallel circuit by simulation using MATLAB software. The simulation data obtained are rotation and torque of DC Motor. From these simulation, it can be concluded that parallel circuit rotation is greater than series circuit rotation. It caused the greater speed and lower power in parallel circuit. 

RBF Neural Network Approach for Identification and Control of DC Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

EA Feilat

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a neural network approach for the identification and control of a separately excited direct (DC motor (SEDCM driving a centrifugal pump load is applied. In this application, two radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN are used: The first is a RBFNN identifier trained offline to emulate the dynamic performance of the DC motor-load system. The second is a RBFNN controller, which is trained to make the motor speed follow a selected reference signal. Two RBFNN control schemes are proposed using direct inverse and internal model control schemes. The performance of the RBFNN identifier and controller is investigated in terms of step response, sharp changes in speed trajectory, and sudden load change, as well as changes in motor parameters. The performance of RBFNN in system identification and control has been compared with the performance of the well-known back-propagation neural network (BPNN. The simulation results show that both of the BPNN and RBFNN controllers exhibit excellent dynamic response, adapt well to changes in speed trajectory and load connected to the motor, and adapt to the variations of motor parameters. Furthermore, the simulation results show that the step response of RBFNN internal model and direct inverse controllers are identical.

Electric Drive Study

Science.gov (United States)

1987-03-01

compound promises to reduce weight of future permanent magnet motors by 20 to 30 percent; a similar reduction is expected in size (approximately 20...drive systems. The AC permanent magnet (brushless DC motor) is rapidly evolving and will replace most electrically excited machines. Permanent magnet motors using

Analysis of PM Magnetization Field Effects on the Unbalanced Magnetic Forces due to Rotor Eccentricity in BLDC Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Mahdiuon-Rad

2013-08-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates both static and dynamic eccentricities in single phase brushless DC (BLDC motors and analyzes the effect of the PM magnetization field on unbalanced magnetic forces acting on the rotor. Three common types of PM magnetization field patterns including radial, parallel and sinusoidal magnetizations are considered. In both static and dynamic eccentricities, harmonic components of the unbalanced magnetic forces on the rotor are extracted and analyzed. Based on simulation results, the magnetization fields that produce the lowest and highest unbalanced magnetic forces are determined in rotor eccentricity conditions.

Using a micromachined magnetostatic relay in commutating a DC motor

Science.gov (United States)

Tai, Yu-Chong (Inventor); Wright, John A. (Inventor); Lilienthal, Gerald (Inventor)

2004-01-01

A DC motor is commutated by rotating a magnetic rotor to induce a magnetic field in at least one magnetostatic relay in the motor. Each relay is activated in response to the magnetic field to deliver power to at least one corresponding winding connected to the relay. In some cases, each relay delivers power first through a corresponding primary winding and then through a corresponding secondary winding to a common node. Specific examples include a four-pole, three-phase motor in which each relay is activated four times during one rotation of the magnetic rotor.

Enhancement of magnetic flux distribution in a DC superconducting electric motor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamid, N A; Ewe, L S; Chin, K M

2013-01-01

Most motor designs require an air gap between the rotor and stator to enable the armature to rotate freely. The interaction of magnetic flux from rotor and stator within the air gap will provide the thrust for rotational motion. Thus, the understanding of magnetic flux in the vicinity of the air gap is very important to mathematically calculate the magnetic flux generated in the area. In this work, a finite element analysis was employed to study the behavior of the magnetic flux in view of designing a synchronous DC superconducting electric motor. The analysis provides an ideal magnetic flux distribution within the components of the motor. From the flux plot analysis, it indicates that flux losses are mainly in the forms of leakage and fringe effect. The analysis also shows that the flux density is high at the area around the air gap and the rotor. The high flux density will provide a high force area that enables the rotor to rotate. In contrast, the other parts of the motor body do not show high flux density indicating low distribution of flux. Consequently, a bench top model of a DC superconducting motor was developed where by motor with a 2-pole type winding was chosen. Each field coil was designed with a racetrack-shaped double pancake wound using DI-BSCCO Bi-2223 superconducting tapes. The performance and energy efficiency of the superconducting motor was superior when compared to the conventional motor with similar capacity.

Linear motor with contactless energy transfer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

2014-01-01

An integrated electromagnetic energy conversions device is provided that includes a synchronous or brushless linear (SoBL) motor, and a transformer, where the transformer is integrated electromagnetically and topologically with the SoBL motor, where an electromagnetic field orientation of the

Application of permanent magnets made from NdFeB powder and from mixtures of powders in DC motors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slusarek, B.; Dudzikowski, I.

2002-01-01

The paper presents the influence of magnetic properties of applied permanent magnets on the characteristics of DC motors excited with these magnets. In the factory-produced DC motors, excited with sintered ferrite magnets, authors replaced ferrite magnets with the dielectromagnets from NdFeB powder and from different mixtures of NdFeB and ferrite powders. The paper shows the increase of the power of the resultant DC motors according to the powders' content

Imitation of the characteristics of the wind turbine based on DC motor

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

LIU Qihui; HE Yikang; ZHAO Rende

2007-01-01

This paper analyzed the operating principles and power and torque characteristics of the wind turbine and the direct current motor(DC motor),and investigated the operating characteristics of the wind turbine compared to that of the DC motor.The torque imitation scheme,which has good performance and high feasibility,together with the whole wind turbine imitation system,was provided.The wind turbine imitation system includes not only a hardware platform composed of PC,data-collection board and thyristor-based velocity-regulator,but also monitor software of wind turbine imitation.The experimental results of different occasions verify the correctness and feasibility of the wind turbine imitation scheme proposed in this paper,which provided a valid idea for wind turbine imitation and investigation of wind power generation techniques in the laboratory.

Construction of cost effective homebuilt spin coater for coating ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

We report the construction of a cost effective and low power consumption spin coater from a direct current (DC) brushless motor. The DC mechanical component is widdely available in the central processing unit (CPU) cooler. This set up permits simple operation where the DC voltage can be controlled manually in order to ...

Straight and chopped DC performance data for a reliance EV-250AT motor with a General Electric EV-1 controller

Science.gov (United States)

Edie, P. C.

1981-01-01

Straight and chopped DC motor performances for a Reliance EV-250AT motor with an EV-1 controller were examined. Effects of motor temperature and operating voltage are shown. It is found that the maximum motor efficiency is approximately 85% at low operating temperatures in the straight DC mode. Chopper efficiency is 95% under all operating conditions. For equal speeds, the motor operated in the chopped mode develops slightly more torque and draws more current than it does in the straight DC mode.

The study on electromagnetic compatibility of DC electric motor in HAPS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Junping, Geng; Ronghong, Jin; Yu, Fan; Bo, Liu; Jiaqiang, Li; Yuebo, Cheng; Zhongyuan, Wang [Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Dpt. Electronic Engineering, Shanghai (China)

2005-10-01

The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problem of high altitude platform systems (HAPS) is investigated in this paper. A physical model for electromagnetic interferences (EMI) of electromagnetic radiation of spark discharge in DC electric motor is proposed. Based on this model, EMI frequency points has been estimated by approximative equation for the given structure and size of a motor, and EMI frequency points, peak values that received by the ports of antennas and far-field pattern have been calculated. The estimated results are consistent with the calculated ones. These frequency bands and spatial directions with max EMI should be avoided in the valid information when the HAPS system is being designed. Two methods are taken to shield electromagnetic radiation, either to mount a metal plate near the DC electric motor (EMI source), or to mount a perfect conductor board near the antenna array (sensitive element), are valid to shield electromagnetic radiation, but to mount a metal plate near the EMI source is more effective. (authors)

Hardware Evolution of Analog Speed Controllers for a DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Gwaltney, David A.; Ferguson, Michael I.

2003-01-01

This viewgraph presentation provides information on the design of analog speed controllers for DC motors on aerospace systems. The presentation includes an overview of controller evolution, evolvable controller configuration, an emphasis on proportion integral (PI) controllers, schematic diagrams, and experimental results.

Design of power electronics for TVC EMA systems

Science.gov (United States)

Nelms, R. Mark

1993-08-01

The Composite Development Division of the Propulsion Laboratory at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is currently developing a class of electromechanical actuators (EMA's) for use in space transportation applications such as thrust vector control (TVC) and propellant control valves (PCV). These high power servomechanisms will require rugged, reliable, and compact power electronic modules capable of modulating several hundred amperes of current at up to 270 volts. MSFC has selected the brushless dc motor for implementation in EMA's. This report presents the results of an investigation into the applicability of two new technologies, MOS-controlled thyristors (MCT's) and pulse density modulation (PDM), to the control of brushless dc motors in EMA systems. MCT's are new power semiconductor devices, which combine the high voltage and current capabilities of conventional thyristors and the low gate drive requirements of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET's). The commanded signals in a PDM system are synthesized using a series of sinusoidal pulses instead of a series of square pulses as in a pulse width modulation (PWM) system. A resonant dc link inverter is employed to generate the sinusoidal pulses in the PDM system. This inverter permits zero-voltage switching of all semiconductors which reduces switching losses and switching stresses. The objectives of this project are to develop and validate an analytical model of the MCT device when used in high power motor control applications and to design, fabricate, and test a prototype electronic circuit employing both MCT and PDM technology for controlling a brushless dc motor.

UNIFIED CONTROL STRUCTURE OF MULTI-TYPE INTERIOR PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. NORHISAM

2015-03-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the control strategy structure to extract the speed torque characteristic for the newly designed three phase Multi Type Interior Permanent Magnet Motor. The proposed structure with the driving circuits exhibit the performance of torque characteristics of the stepper motor and brushless motor with independent coil winding per phase especially used as an in-wheel motor in agricultural applications. Brushless Direct Current motors exhibit characteristics of generating high torque at high speed while the Permanent Magnet Stepper motors has characteristic of generating high torque at low speed. The typical characteristics of the above two are integrated in the proposed structure with a complex control structure that handle the switching complexity and speed control in real time. Thus, a specially designed driving system is essential to drive and control this special motor. The evaluation of the motor mechanical characteristics when applying load torque is also presented. The result determines the practical torque range applicable for each motor configuration and as combined machine.

Start Up Current Control of Buck-Boost Convertor-Fed Serial DC Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yusuf SÖNMEZ

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Generally, DC motors are given preference for industrial applications such as electric locomotives, cranes, goods lifts. Because of they have high starting moment; they initially start with high current. This high start-up current must be decreased since it may damage windings of the motor and increases power consumption. It could be controlled by an appropriate driver system and controller. The nature of fuzzy logic control has adaptive characteristics that can achieve robust response to a system with uncertainty, parameter variation, and load disturbance. In this paper, fuzzy logic based control of start-up current of a Buck-Boost Converter fed serial DC motor is examined through computer simulation. In order to see the advantages of fuzzy logic control, classical PI control has applied to the same motor, under same circumstances and has been compared. C++ Builder software has been used for the simulation. According to the simulation results, plainly, fuzzy logic control has stronger responses than classical PI control and uses lower current at starting moment.

Design of dual DC motor control system based on DSP

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Peicheng; Wang, Suo; Xu, Zengwei; Xiao, Ping

2017-08-01

Multi-motor control systems are widely used in actual production and life, such as lifting stages, robots, printing systems. This paper through serial communication between PC and DSP, dual DC motor control system consisting of PC as the host computer, DSP as the lower computer with synchronous PWM speed regulation, commutation and selection functions is designed. It sends digital control instructions with host computer serial debugger to lower computer, to instruct the motor to complete corresponding actions. The hardware and software design of the control system are given, and feasibility and validity of the control system are verified by experiments. The expected design goal is achieved.

Higher Efficiency HVAC Motors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flynn, Charles Joseph [QM Power, Inc., Kansas City, MO (United States)

2018-02-13

The objective of this project was to design and build a cost competitive, more efficient heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) motor than what is currently available on the market. Though different potential motor architectures among QMP’s primary technology platforms were investigated and evaluated, including through the building of numerous prototypes, the project ultimately focused on scaling up QM Power, Inc.’s (QMP) Q-Sync permanent magnet synchronous motors from available sub-fractional horsepower (HP) sizes for commercial refrigeration fan applications to larger fractional horsepower sizes appropriate for HVAC applications, and to add multi-speed functionality. The more specific goal became the research, design, development, and testing of a prototype 1/2 HP Q-Sync motor that has at least two operating speeds and 87% peak efficiency compared to incumbent electronically commutated motors (EC or ECM, also known as brushless direct current (DC) motors), the heretofore highest efficiency HVACR fan motor solution, at approximately 82% peak efficiency. The resulting motor prototype built achieved these goals, hitting 90% efficiency and .95 power factor at full load and speed, and 80% efficiency and .7 power factor at half speed. Q-Sync, developed in part through a DOE SBIR grant (Award # DE-SC0006311), is a novel, patented motor technology that improves on electronically commutated permanent magnet motors through an advanced electronic circuit technology. It allows a motor to “sync” with the alternating current (AC) power flow. It does so by eliminating the constant, wasteful power conversions from AC to DC and back to AC through the synthetic creation of a new AC wave on the primary circuit board (PCB) by a process called pulse width modulation (PWM; aka electronic commutation) that is incessantly required to sustain motor operation in an EC permanent magnet motor. The Q-Sync circuit improves the power factor of the motor by removing all

Real Time Implementation of a DC Motor Speed Control by Fuzzy Logic Controller and PI Controller Using FPGA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. Sakthivel

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Fuzzy logic control has met with growing interest in many motor control applications due to its non-linearity, handling features and independence of plant modelling. The hardware implementation of fuzzy logic controller (FLC on FPGA is very important because of the increasing number of fuzzy applications requiring highly parallel and high speed fuzzy processing. Implementation of a fuzzy logic controller and conventional PI controller on an FPGA using VHDL for DC motor speed control is presented in this paper. The proposed scheme is to improve tracking performance of D.C. motor as compared to the conventional (PI control strategy .This paper describes the hardware implementation of two inputs (error and change in error, one output fuzzy logic controller based on PI controller and conventional PI controller using VHDL. Real time implementation FLC and conventional PI controller is made on Spartan-3A DSP FPGA (XC3SD1800A FPGA for the speed control of DC motor. It is observed that fuzzy logic based controllers give better responses than the conventional PI controller for the speed control of dc motor.

Research of Compound Control for DC Motor System Based on Global Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

He Zhang

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Aiming at the problems of modeling errors, parameter variations, and load moment disturbances in DC motor control system, one global sliding mode disturbance observer (GSMDO is proposed based on the global sliding mode (GSM control theory. The output of GSMDO is used as the disturbance compensation in control system, which can improve the robust performance of DC motor control system. Based on the designed GSMDO in inner loop, one compound controller, composed of a feedback controller and a feedforward controller, is proposed in order to realize the position tracking of DC motor system. The gains of feedback controller are obtained by means of linear quadratic regulator (LQR optimal control theory. Simulation results present that the proposed control scheme possesses better tracking properties and stronger robustness against modeling errors, parameter variations, and friction moment disturbances. Moreover, its structure is simple; therefore it is easy to be implemented in engineering.

Applications and modelling of bulk HTSs in brushless ac machines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barnes, G.J.

2000-01-01

The use of high temperature superconducting material in its bulk form for engineering applications is attractive due to the large power densities that can be achieved. In brushless electrical machines, there are essentially four properties that can be exploited; their hysteretic nature, their flux shielding properties, their ability to trap large flux densities and their ability to produce levitation. These properties translate to hysteresis machines, reluctance machines, trapped-field synchronous machines and linear motors respectively. Each one of these machines is addressed separately and computer simulations that reveal the current and field distributions within the machines are used to explain their operation. (author)

Efficiency of particle swarm optimization applied on fuzzy logic DC motor speed control

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Allaoua Boumediene

2008-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the application of Fuzzy Logic for DC motor speed control using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO. Firstly, the controller designed according to Fuzzy Logic rules is such that the systems are fundamentally robust. Secondly, the Fuzzy Logic controller (FLC used earlier was optimized with PSO so as to obtain optimal adjustment of the membership functions only. Finally, the FLC is completely optimized by Swarm Intelligence Algorithms. Digital simulation results demonstrate that in comparison with the FLC the designed FLC-PSO speed controller obtains better dynamic behavior and superior performance of the DC motor, as well as perfect speed tracking with no overshoot.

On-line diagnosis of inter-turn short circuit fault for DC brushed motor.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jiayuan; Zhan, Wei; Ehsani, Mehrdad

2018-06-01

Extensive research effort has been made in fault diagnosis of motors and related components such as winding and ball bearing. In this paper, a new concept of inter-turn short circuit fault for DC brushed motors is proposed to include the short circuit ratio and short circuit resistance. A first-principle model is derived for motors with inter-turn short circuit fault. A statistical model based on Hidden Markov Model is developed for fault diagnosis purpose. This new method not only allows detection of motor winding short circuit fault, it can also provide estimation of the fault severity, as indicated by estimation of the short circuit ratio and the short circuit resistance. The estimated fault severity can be used for making appropriate decisions in response to the fault condition. The feasibility of the proposed methodology is studied for inter-turn short circuit of DC brushed motors using simulation in MATLAB/Simulink environment. In addition, it is shown that the proposed methodology is reliable with the presence of small random noise in the system parameters and measurement. Copyright © 2018 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated design of DC-excited flux-switching in-wheel motor using magnetic equivalent circuits

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tang, Y.; Paulides, J.J.H.; Lomonova, E.A.

2015-01-01

DC-excited flux-switching motors (DCEFSMs) are increasingly considered as candidate traction motors for electric vehicles due to their robust and magnet-free structure with relatively high torque density and extendable speed range. In this paper, an automated design tool based on nonlinear magnetic

Identification and adaptive neural network control of a DC motor system with dead-zone characteristics.

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Jinzhu; Dubay, Rickey

2011-10-01

In this paper, an adaptive control approach based on the neural networks is presented to control a DC motor system with dead-zone characteristics (DZC), where two neural networks are proposed to formulate the traditional identification and control approaches. First, a Wiener-type neural network (WNN) is proposed to identify the motor DZC, which formulates the Wiener model with a linear dynamic block in cascade with a nonlinear static gain. Second, a feedforward neural network is proposed to formulate the traditional PID controller, termed as PID-type neural network (PIDNN), which is then used to control and compensate for the DZC. In this way, the DC motor system with DZC is identified by the WNN identifier, which provides model information to the PIDNN controller in order to make it adaptive. Back-propagation algorithms are used to train both neural networks. Also, stability and convergence analysis are conducted using the Lyapunov theorem. Finally, experiments on the DC motor system demonstrated accurate identification and good compensation for dead-zone with improved control performance over the conventional PID control. Copyright © 2011 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Experimental Investigation of an Automobile Air-Conditioning System using Integrated Brushless Direct Current Motor Rotary Compressor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sukri M.F.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The present study presents an experimental investigation on the effect of condenser air inlet temperature and dimensionless parameter of X on the performance of automobile air-conditioning (AAC system using integrated brushless direct current motor-rotary compressor and electronic expansion valve. The other components of AAC system are from original component of AAC system used for medium size passenger car. The experimental results showed that the increment of the condenser air inlet temperature and X caused an increase in condensing temperature, cooling capacity and compressor work, while decreasing the coefficient of performance (COP. Meanwhile, the evaporating temperature increase with the increment of condenser air inlet temperature, but decrease with decrement of X. In general, AAC system have to work at higher value of X in order to produce more cooling capacity, thereby increment in compressor work also occurs due to energy balance. However, at higher value of X, the COP of the system dropped due to dominant increase in compressor power, as opposed to a rise in cooling capacity. Due to this reason, the best operation of this compressor occurs at X = 4.96 for constant T5 (35ºC, or at T5 = 30ºC for constant X (4.96.

Axial Field Electric Motor and Method

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Cho, Chahee P

2007-01-01

.... A hybrid field, brushless, permanent magnet electric motor utilizing a rotor with two sets of permanent magnets oriented such that the flux produced by the two sets of magnets is perpendicular to each...

A low-cost viscometer based on a permanent magnet dc motor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rabani, Amir; Challis, Richard

2013-01-01

This paper proposes a pragmatic approach to, and a feasibility study of, a very low cost instrument for on-line and in situ viscosity measurement for engineering applications. It is a simple rotational instrument based on the mixer technique. It utilizes a permanent magnet dc (PMDC) motor which drives a propeller immersed in the test fluid. The viscosity is derived from the motor current when the motor is connected to a fixed supply voltage. The theory which relates PMDC motor current to the resistance to the rotational movement of a body due to the viscosity of the liquid under the test is developed. It is believed that the system provides the basis for a new generation of inexpensive viscometers for process and storage environments. (paper)

A Novel Coaxial Magnetic Gear and Its Integration With Permanent-Magnet Brushless Motor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhang, Xiaoxu; Liu, Xiao; Chen, Zhe

2016-01-01

A magnetic geared machine (MGM) is believed to be a promising candidate for high-torque direct-drive application. One of the key issues for developing MGMs is how to resolve the contradiction between the good performance and the complex structure. This paper aims at proposing a novel coaxial...... magnetic gear (CMG), which will not increase the mechanical complexity after integration with a permanent magnet (PM) brushless machine. The prominent feature of the proposed CMG is the introduction of the stator with modulating teeth, which function as the same as the modulating pole...

Reversible thyristor converters of brushless synchronous compensators

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

А.М.Galynovskiy

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Behavior of models of three-phase-to-single-phase rotary reversible thyristor converters of brushless synchronous compensators in a circuit simulation system is analyzed. It is shown that combined control mode of opposite-connected thyristors may result in the exciter armature winding short circuits both at the thyristor feed-forward and lagging current delay angles. It must be taken into consideration when developing brushless compensator excitation systems.

Signal differentiation in position tracking control of dc motors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beltran-Carbajal, F; Valderrabano-Gonzalez, A; Rosas-Caro, J C

2015-01-01

An asymptotic differentiation approach with respect to time is used for on-line estimation of velocity and acceleration signals in controlled dc motors. The attractive feature of this differentiator of signals is that it does not require any system mathematical model, which allows its use in engineering systems that require the signal differentiation for its control, identification, fault detection, among other applications. Moreover, it is shown that the differentiation approach can be applied for output signals showing a chaotic behavior. In addition a differential flatness control scheme with additional integral compensation of the output error is proposed for tracking tasks of position reference trajectories for direct current electric motors using angular position measurements only

Adaptive Quasi-Sliding Mode Control for Permanent Magnet DC Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fredy E. Hoyos

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The motor speed of a buck power converter and DC motor coupled system is controlled by means of a quasi-sliding scheme. The fixed point inducting control technique and the zero average dynamics strategy are used in the controller design. To estimate the load and friction torques an online estimator, computed by the least mean squares method, is used. The control scheme is tested in a rapid control prototyping system which is based on digital signal processing for a dSPACE platform. The closed loop system exhibits adequate performance, and experimental and simulation results match.

Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Architecture Synthesis for Shipwreck Interior Exploration

Science.gov (United States)

2015-12-01

GHz Quad-Core ARM cortex A9 processor ), brushless, 60 W DC motors, NESNE Electronics motor drivers, and a 540 Wh battery allowing for an operating... processor speed (Pentium M). The SLAM update rate is limited to the sonar array cycle time of 1 Hz. Fairfield et al. state that sensor degradation or

Incorporation of fractional-order dynamics into an existing PI/PID DC motor control loop.

Science.gov (United States)

Tepljakov, Aleksei; Gonzalez, Emmanuel A; Petlenkov, Eduard; Belikov, Juri; Monje, Concepción A; Petráš, Ivo

2016-01-01

The problem of changing the dynamics of an existing DC motor control system without the need of making internal changes is considered in the paper. In particular, this paper presents a method for incorporating fractional-order dynamics in an existing DC motor control system with internal PI or PID controller, through the addition of an external controller into the system and by tapping its original input and output signals. Experimental results based on the control of a real test plant from MATLAB/Simulink environment are presented, indicating the validity of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2015 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sensorless load torque estimation and passivity based control of buck converter fed DC motor.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, S Ganesh; Thilagar, S Hosimin

2015-01-01

Passivity based control of DC motor in sensorless configuration is proposed in this paper. Exact tracking error dynamics passive output feedback control is used for stabilizing the speed of Buck converter fed DC motor under various load torques such as constant type, fan type, propeller type, and unknown load torques. Under load conditions, sensorless online algebraic approach is proposed, and it is compared with sensorless reduced order observer approach. The former produces better response in estimating the load torque. Sensitivity analysis is also performed to select the appropriate control variables. Simulation and experimental results fully confirm the superiority of the proposed approach suggested in this paper.

Control of Electric Vehicle

OpenAIRE

Huang, Qi; Chen, Yong; Li, Jian

2010-01-01

In this chapter, the modeling of electric vehicle is discussed in detail. Then, the control of electric vehicle driven by different motors is discussed. Both brushed and brushless DC (Direct Current) motors are discussed. And for AC (Alternative Current) motors, the discussion is focused on induction motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor. The design of controllers for different motor-driven electric vehicle is discussed in-depth, and the tested high-performance control strategies for d...

Collective of mechatronics circuit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-02-01

This book is composed of three parts, which deals with mechatronics system about sensor, circuit and motor. The contents of the first part are photo sensor of collector for output, locating detection circuit with photo interrupts, photo sensor circuit with CdS cell and lamp, interface circuit with logic and LED and temperature sensor circuit. The second part deals with oscillation circuit with crystal, C-R oscillation circuit, F-V converter, timer circuit, stability power circuit, DC amp and DC-DC converter. The last part is comprised of bridge server circuit, deformation bridge server, controlling circuit of DC motor, controlling circuit with IC for PLL and driver circuit of stepping motor and driver circuit of Brushless.

Collective of mechatronics circuit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1987-02-15

This book is composed of three parts, which deals with mechatronics system about sensor, circuit and motor. The contents of the first part are photo sensor of collector for output, locating detection circuit with photo interrupts, photo sensor circuit with CdS cell and lamp, interface circuit with logic and LED and temperature sensor circuit. The second part deals with oscillation circuit with crystal, C-R oscillation circuit, F-V converter, timer circuit, stability power circuit, DC amp and DC-DC converter. The last part is comprised of bridge server circuit, deformation bridge server, controlling circuit of DC motor, controlling circuit with IC for PLL and driver circuit of stepping motor and driver circuit of Brushless.

Permanent magnet synchronous and brushless DC motor drives

CERN Document Server

Ramu, Krishnan

2009-01-01

Presents an introduction to machines, power devices, inverters, and control. This book covers pm synchronous machines, including modeling, implementation, control strategies, flux weakening operations, parameter sensitivity, sensorless control, and intelligent control applications.

Regulation of an Induction Motor under Broad Changes in DC-Link Voltage

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kokeš, Petr; Semerád, Radko

2006-01-01

Roč. 51, č. 4 (2006), s. 363-394 ISSN 0001-7043 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20570509 Keywords : induction motor (IM) * DC-link voltage drop * stator flux vector control (SFVC) Subject RIV: JA - Electronics ; Optoelectronics, Electrical Engineering

Design and FPGA-implementation of an improved adaptive fuzzy logic controller for DC motor speed control

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E.A. Ramadan

2014-09-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an improved adaptive fuzzy logic speed controller for a DC motor, based on field programmable gate array (FPGA hardware implementation. The developed controller includes an adaptive fuzzy logic control (AFLC algorithm, which is designed and verified with a nonlinear model of DC motor. Then, it has been synthesised, functionally verified and implemented using Xilinx Integrated Software Environment (ISE and Spartan-3E FPGA. The performance of this controller has been successfully validated with good tracking results under different operating conditions.

Demonstrative fractional order - PID controller based DC motor drive on digital platform.

Science.gov (United States)

Khubalkar, Swapnil W; Junghare, Anjali S; Aware, Mohan V; Chopade, Amit S; Das, Shantanu

2017-09-21

In industrial drives applications, fractional order controllers can exhibit phenomenal impact due to realization through digital implementation. Digital fractional order controllers have created wide scope as it possess the inherent advantages like robustness against the plant parameter variation. This paper provides brief design procedure of fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FO-PID) controller through the indirect approach of approximation using constant phase technique. The new modified dynamic particle swarm optimization (IdPSO) technique is proposed to find controller parameters. The FO-PID controller is implemented using floating point digital signal processor. The building blocks are designed and assembled with all peripheral components for the 1.5kW industrial DC motor drive. The robust operation for parametric variation is ascertained by testing the controller with two separately excited DC motors with the same rating but different parameters. Copyright © 2017 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR ON LOAD USING FUZZY LOGIC ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This paper presents the development of a fuzzy logic controller for the driver DC motor in the lube oil system of the H25 Hitachi gas turbine generator. The turbine generator is required to run at an operating pressure of 1.5bar with the low and the high pressure trip points being 0.78 bar and 1.9 bar respectively. However, the ...

Tracking control of DC motors via mimo nonlinear fuzzy control

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harb, Ahmad M.; Smadi, Issam A.

2009-01-01

This paper proposed a nonlinear controller for speed tracking of separately excited DC motors (SEDCM's) using the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) fuzzy logic controller (FLC's). Based on a nonlinear mathematical model of SEDCM, a FLC is designed to achieve high performance speed tracking through rejection load disturbance. Computer simulations are presented to show speed tracking performance and the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

Broad Application of a Reconfigurable Motor Controller, Phase I

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — An ultra-miniature (<50 grams) high-performance brushless-motor controller, code named 'Puck', has been developed by Barrett for Earth-based mobile-manipulation...

Implementation of FPGA based PID Controller for DC Motor Speed Control System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Savita SONOLI

2010-03-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the implementation of software module using ‘VHDL’ for Xilinx FPGA (XC3S400 based PID controller for DC motor speed control system is presented. The tools used for building and testing the software modules are Xilinx ISE 9.2i and ModelSim XE III 6.3c. Before verifying the design on FPGA the complete design is simulated using Modelsim Simulation tool. A test bench is written where the set speed can be changed for the motor. It is observed that the motor speed gradually changes to the set speed and locks to the set speed.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. Glinka

2005-04-01

Full Text Available This paper compares five different motor types used in variable speed drives: a dc motor with a mechanical commutator and with electromagnetic or permanent magnets excitation, a cage induction motor, asynchronous cascade with a slip-ring motor and a brushless motor with PM excitation. These motors are to be used for tram drive and they should all be characterised by identical external dimensions and a cooling system. Rated power and efficiency are the principal comparison criteria.

Advanced single permanent magnet axipolar ironless stator ac motor for electric passenger vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Beauchamp, E. D.; Hadfield, J. R.; Wuertz, K. L.

1983-01-01

A program was conducted to design and develop an advanced-concept motor specifically created for propulsion of electric vehicles with increased range, reduced energy consumption, and reduced life-cycle costs in comparison with conventional systems. The motor developed is a brushless, dc, rare-earth cobalt, permanent magnet, axial air gap inductor machine that uses an ironless stator. Air cooling is inherent provided by the centrifugal-fan action of the rotor poles. An extensive design phase was conducted, which included analysis of the system performance versus the SAE J227a(D) driving cycle. A proof-of-principle model was developed and tested, and a functional model was developed and tested. Full generator-level testing was conducted on the functional model, recording electromagnetic, thermal, aerodynamic, and acoustic noise data. The machine demonstrated 20.3 kW output at 1466 rad/s and 160 dc. The novel ironless stator demonstated the capability to continuously operate at peak current. The projected system performance based on the use of a transistor inverter is 23.6 kW output power at 1466 rad/s and 83.3 percent efficiency. Design areas of concern regarding electric vehicle applications include the inherently high windage loss and rotor inertia.

Enhanced pid vs model predictive control applied to bldc motor

Science.gov (United States)

Gaya, M. S.; Muhammad, Auwal; Aliyu Abdulkadir, Rabiu; Salim, S. N. S.; Madugu, I. S.; Tijjani, Aminu; Aminu Yusuf, Lukman; Dauda Umar, Ibrahim; Khairi, M. T. M.

2018-01-01

BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor is a multivariable and highly complex nonlinear system. Variation of internal parameter values with environment or reference signal increases the difficulty in controlling the BLDC effectively. Advanced control strategies (like model predictive control) often have to be integrated to satisfy the control desires. Enhancing or proper tuning of a conventional algorithm results in achieving the desired performance. This paper presents a performance comparison of Enhanced PID and Model Predictive Control (MPC) applied to brushless direct current motor. The simulation results demonstrated that the PSO-PID is slightly better than the PID and MPC in tracking the trajectory of the reference signal. The proposed scheme could be useful algorithms for the system.

Design of power electronics for TVC and EMA systems

Science.gov (United States)

Nelms, R. Mark; Bell, J. Brett; Shepherd, Michael T.

1994-11-01

The Component Development Division of the Propulsion Laboratory at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is currently developing a class of electromechanical actuators (EMA's) for use in space transportation applications such as thrust vector control (TVC) and propellant control valves (PCV). These high power servomechanisms will require rugged, reliable, and compact power electronic modules capable of modulating several hundred amperes of current at up to 270 volts. MSFC has selected the brushless dc motor for implementation in EMA's. A previous project performed by Auburn University examined the use of the resonant dc link (RDCL) inverter, pulse density modulation (PDM), and mos-controlled thyristors (MCT's) for speed control of a brushless dc motor. The speed of the brushless dc motor is proportional to the applied stator voltage. In a PDM system, the control system determines the number of resonant voltage pulses which must be applied to the stator to achieve a desired speed. The addition of a waveshaping circuit to the front end of a standard three-phase inverter yields a RDCL inverter; the resonant voltage pulses are produced through the action of this wave shaping circuit and the inverter. This project has focused on the implementation of a system which permits zero-voltage switching with the bus voltage clamped at the input voltage level. In the same manner as the RDCL inverter, the inverter selected for this implementation is a combination of waveshaping circuit and a standard three-phase inverter. In addition, this inverter allows a pulse-width modulated (PWM)-like control scheme instead of a PDM scheme. The operation of waveshaping circuit will be described through analysis and waveforms. Design relationships will also be presented.

Magnification of starting torques of dc motors by maximum power point trackers in photovoltaic systems

Science.gov (United States)

Appelbaum, J.; Singer, S.

1989-01-01

A calculation of the starting torque ratio of permanent magnet, series, and shunt-excited dc motors powered by solar cell arrays is presented for two cases, i.e., with and without a maximum-power-point tracker (MPPT). Defining motor torque magnification by the ratio of the motor torque with an MPPT to the motor torque without an MPPT, a magnification of 3 for the permanent magnet motor and a magnification of 7 for both the series and shunt motors are obtained. The study also shows that all motor types are less sensitive to solar insolation variation in systems including MPPTs as compared to systems without MPPTs.

Straight and chopped dc performance data for a Prestolite MTC-4001 motor and a general electric EV-1 controller

Science.gov (United States)

Edie, P. C.

1981-01-01

Performance data on the Prestolite MTC-4001 series wound dc motor and General Electric EV-1 Chopper Controller is supplied for the electric vehicle manufacturer. Data are provided for both straight and chopped dc input to the motor, at 2 motor temperature levels. Testing was done at 6 voltage increments to the motor, and 2 voltage increments to the controller. Data results are presented in both tabular and graphical forms. Tabular information includes motor voltage and current input data, motor speed and torque output data, power data and temperature data. Graphical information includes torque-speed, motor power output-speed, torque-current, and efficiency-speed plots under the various operating conditions. The data resulting from this testing show the speed-torque plots to have the most variance with operating temperature. The maximum motor efficiency is between 76% and 82%, regardless of temperature or mode of operation.

Initiative in Concurrent Engineering (DICE). Phase 1.

Science.gov (United States)

1990-02-09

was instrumental in accelerating the room renovations; the College of Arts and Sciences provided the necessary funds for five air - conditioners ; The...Figure 4.4. The sawyer motors are actually planar stepping motors that can move quickly and precisely along the ceiling of the workcell on air bearings. As...in fact is a very simple, rugged, brushless D.C. motor which emulates a stepper. The motor uses windings in the field to provide resolver like

NRC Information No. 88-72: Inadequacies in the design of dc motor-operated valves

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rossi, C.E.

1992-01-01

On July 1, 1988, a high pressure coolant injection (HPCI) steam admission valve failed to open during a post-maintenance test at the Brunswick nuclear power plant, Unit 1. The same valve had failed in December 1987 and on May 28, 1988. The licensee, Carolina Power and Light Company, established a team to investigate the cause of failure, and the team identified the most probable cause as a dc motor failure due to a shunt-winding to series-winding short circuit. The team believed that this condition was precipitated by thermal binding of the valve internals. The previous failure in May was also diagnosed as having been caused by thermal binding. As a result of these failures, the licensee reviewed the design of the dc motor-operated valves for both the HPCI and the reactor core isolation cooling (RCIC) systems. This review identified a number of significant design deficiencies going well beyond the problems with thermal binding. The deficiencies constitute a potential common cause failure mechanism for safety system valves. Unit 1 was shut down on July 14, 1988 to replace the failed HPCI valve motor and to implement design modifications to other motor-operated valves

Implementation of Wavelet-Based Robust Differential Control for Electric Vehicle Application

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Daya, Febin; Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar; Blaabjerg, Frede

2015-01-01

This research letter presents the modeling and simulation of electronic differential, employing a novel wavelet controller for two brushless dc motors. The proposed controller uses discrete wavelet transform to decompose the error between actual and reference speed. Error signal that is actually...

Advanced axial field D.C. motor development for electric passenger vehicle

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, W. J.

1982-01-01

A wound-field axial-flux dc motor was developed for an electric vehicle drive system. The motor is essentially an axial-flux version of the classical Gramme-ring winding motor, but the active conductors are recessed into slots cut into the two opposite faces of the laminated tape-wound core ring. Three motors were built and tested in the program. The second (functional) model was a six-pole machine which weighed 88.5 kg. It developed 16.9 km (33.0 hp), and a max speed of 4800 rpm. Full load efficiency was 92% and predicted SAE D-cycle efficiency was 88%. The last engineering) model was a 4-pole machine with compoles, allowing a weight reduction to 45 kg (100 lbs.) while addressing some manufacturability problems. The engineering model was rated at 13.2 kw (17.6 hp) at 3000 rpm, with a peak power of 19.8 km (26.4 hp) and a max speed of 7200 rpm. Initial test results on this motor showed poor commutation and efficiency; the program was terminated without resolution of these problems.

Outstanding efficiency in energy conversion for electric motors constructed by nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy “NANOMET®” cores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. Nishiyama

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Recently updated nanocrystalline soft magnetic Fe-Co-Si-B-P-Cu alloys “NANOMET®” exhibit high saturation magnetic flux density (Bs > 1.8 T, low coercivity (Hc < 10 A/m and low core loss (W1.7/50 ∼ 0.4 W/kg even in a ribbon form with a thickness of up to 40 μm. By utilize excellent magnetic softness, several products such as motors or transformers for electrical appliances are now under developing by industry-academia collaboration. In particular, it is found that a brushless DC motor using NANOMET® core exhibited remarkable improvement in energy consumption. The prototype motor with an outer core diameter of 70 mm and a core thickness of 50 mm was constructed using laminated nano-crystallized NANOMET® ribbons. Core-loss for the constructed motor was improved from 1.4 W to 0.4 W only by replacing the non-oriented Si-steel core with NANOMET® one. The overall motor efficiency is evaluated to be 3% improvement. In this work, the relation between processing and resulting magnetic properties will be presented. In addition, feasibility for commercialization will also be discussed.

BLDC technology and its application in weapon system launching ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In this paper Brushless DC (BLDC) Technology and its Application in Articulation of Weapon System Launching Platform using Electromechanical Servo Drive is presented. ... Due to inherent properties of BLDC Technology BLDC Motors and Drives are profoundly used in military and strategic weapon system applications.

FreedomCAR Advanced Traction Drive Motor Development Phase I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ley, Josh (UQM Technologies, Inc.); Lutz, Jon (UQM Technologies, Inc.)

2006-09-01

The overall objective of this program is to design and develop an advanced traction motor that will meet the FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies (FCVT) 2010 goals and the traction motor technical targets. The motor specifications are given in Section 1.3. Other goals of the program include providing a cost study to ensure the motor can be developed within the cost targets needed for the automotive industry. The program has focused on using materials that are both high performance and low costs such that the performance can be met and cost targets are achieved. In addition, the motor technologies and machine design features must be compatible with high volume manufacturing and able to provide high reliability, efficiency, and ruggedness while simultaneously reducing weight and volume. Weight and volume reduction will become a major factor in reducing cost, material cost being the most significant part of manufacturing cost at high volume. Many motor technology categories have been considered in the past and present for traction drive applications, including: brushed direct current (DC), PM (PM) brushless dc (BLDC), alternating current (AC) induction, switched reluctance and synchronous reluctance machines. Of these machine technologies, PM BLDC has consistently demonstrated an advantage in terms of power density and efficiency. As rare earth magnet cost has declined, total cost may also be reduced over the other technologies. Of the many different configurations of PM BLDC machines, those which incorporate power production utilizing both magnetic torque as well as reluctance torque appear to have the most promise for traction applications. There are many different PM BLDC machine configurations which employ both of these torque producing mechanisms; however, most would fall into one of two categories--some use weaker magnets and rely more heavily on reluctance torque (reluctance-dominant PM machines), others use strong PMs and supplement with reluctance torque

Development of a New Method for Assembling a Bipolar DC Motor as a Teaching Material

Science.gov (United States)

Matsumoto, Yuki; Sakaki, Kei; Sakaki, Mamoru

2017-05-01

A simple handmade motor is a commonly used teaching aid for explaining the theory of the DC motor in science classes around the world. Kits that can be used by children to craft a simple motor are commercially available, and videos of assembling these motors are easily found on the internet. Although the design of this motor is simple, it is unipolar, meaning that the rotor consists of a single dipole. Thus, the Lorentz force acts only on one side of the coil per revolution. This decreases the energy conversion efficiency and requires the learners to turn the rotor using their hands in order to initiate rotation.

A vector modulated three-phase four-quadrant rectifier - Application to a dc motor drive

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jussila, Matti; Salo, Mika; Kaehkoenen, Lauri; Tuusa, Heikki

2004-07-01

This paper introduces a theory for a space vector modulation of a three-phase four-quadrant PWM rectifier (FQR). The presented vector modulation method is simple to realize with a microcontroller and it replaces the conventional modulation methods based on the analog technology. The FQR may be used to supply directly a dc load, e.g. a dc machine. The vector modulated FQR is tested in simulations supplying a 4.5 kW dc motor. The simulations show the benefits of the vector modulated FQR against thyristor converters: the supply currents are sinusoidal and the displacement power factor of the supply can be controlled. Furthermore the load current is smooth. (author)

Optimal Design of an Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Middle Motor Integrated in a Cycloidal Reducer for a Pedal Electric Cycle

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yee-Pien Yang

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper proposes an optimal design of a middle motor integrated into a mid-drive unit for pedal electric cycles. This middle motor is an axial-flux permanent magnet brushless DC motor with a stator plate. Facing this plate is a rotor plate that acts as an eccentric component of a cycloidal reducer next to the stator. Both the middle motor and cycloidal reducer are easily installed on the same axle of the bike crankset. In the preliminary design, driving requirements are used to make the middle motor specifications. The numbers of stator slots and magnet poles on the rotor were chosen to achieve the best winding factor, and the winding layout was determined accordingly. A one-dimensional magnetic circuit model of the middle motor was built, and its shape was optimized utilizing a multifunctional optimization system tool. Finally, the resulting design was verified and refined by a finite element analysis. A prototype of the middle motor was fabricated with a stator made of a soft magnetic composite and integrated with a cycloidal reducer. Experimental results show that the motor has a sinusoidal back electromotive force. Additionally, it is easily controlled by sinusoidal currents with acceptable torque and speed curves.

Scanning slit for HIE-ISOLDE: vibrations test (linear motion actuator from UHV design, MAXON brushless motor, speed = 10 mm/s)

CERN Document Server

Bravin, E; Sosa, A

2014-01-01

This report summarizes the results of a series of tests performed on the prototype HIE-ISOLDE diagnostic box (HIE-DB) regarding the vibrations and drifts in the transverse position of the scanning blade while moving in and out of beam path in the HIE-ISOLDE short box prototype. To monitor the transverse position of the blade, a series of 0.1 mm diameter holes were drilled on it and their positions were tracked with an optical system. The linear motion actuator was acquired from UHV design (model LSM38-150-SS), and it was adapted to be driven by a brushless EC motor from MAXON. The speed of the scanning blade during the tests was 10 mm/s. The transverse movement of the slit in the direction perpendicular to the movement was lower than 40 m, and is dominated by the displacement of the contact point of the applied force on the lead-screw. An offset on the slit position was observed while changing the direction of movement of the blade, its amplitude being of the order of 30 m. The amplitudes of the displacements...

Multilevel DC link inverter

Science.gov (United States)

Su, Gui-Jia

2003-06-10

A multilevel DC link inverter and method for improving torque response and current regulation in permanent magnet motors and switched reluctance motors having a low inductance includes a plurality of voltage controlled cells connected in series for applying a resulting dc voltage comprised of one or more incremental dc voltages. The cells are provided with switches for increasing the resulting applied dc voltage as speed and back EMF increase, while limiting the voltage that is applied to the commutation switches to perform PWM or dc voltage stepping functions, so as to limit current ripple in the stator windings below an acceptable level, typically 5%. Several embodiments are disclosed including inverters using IGBT's, inverters using thyristors. All of the inverters are operable in both motoring and regenerating modes.

DIAGNOSTICS CONCEPTION OF ELECTRICAL DRIVE OF A HYBRID VEHICLE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y. Borodenko

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Conceptual approach to creat the diagnostic system of the power elements of the electric drive of the hybrid vehicle has been considered. Approbation of the imitation model of electric drive with brushless DC electric motor as a diagnostic object has been carried out.

Quad-copter UAV BLDC Motor Control: Linear v/s non-linear control maps

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Deep Parikh

2015-08-01

Full Text Available This paper presents some investigations and comparison of using linear versus non-linear static motor-control maps for the speed control of a BLDC (Brush Less Direct Current motors used in quad-copter UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. The motor-control map considered here is the inverse of the static map relating motor-speed output to motor-voltage input for a typical out-runner type Brushless DC Motors (BLDCM.  Traditionally, quad-copter BLDC motor speed control uses simple linear motor-control map defined by the motor-constant specification. However, practical BLDC motors show non-linear characteristic, particularly when operated across wide operating speed-range as is commonly required in quad-copter UAV flight operations. In this paper, our investigations to compare performance of linear versus non-linear motor-control maps are presented. The investigations cover simulation-based and experimental study of BLDC motor speed control systems for  quad-copter vehicle available. First the non-linear map relating rotor RPM to motor voltage for quad-copter BLDC motor is obtained experimentally using an optical speed encoder. The performance of the linear versus non-linear motor-control-maps for the speed control are studied. The investigations also cover study of time-responses for various standard test input-signals e.g. step, ramp and pulse inputs, applied as the reference speed-commands. Also, simple 2-degree of freedom test-bed is developed in our laboratory to help test the open-loop and closed-loop experimental investigations. The non-linear motor-control map is found to perform better in BLDC motor speed tracking control performance and thereby helping achieve better quad-copter roll-angle attitude control.

Elimination of output voltage oscillations in DC-DC converter using PWM with PI controller

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sreenivasappa Veeranna Bhupasandra

2010-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper the SIMULINK model of a PWM controlled DC-DC converter is modeled using switching function concept to control the speed of the DC motor. The presence of the voltage oscillation cycles due to higher switching frequency in the DC-DC converter is identified. The effect of these oscillations on the output voltage of the converter, Armature current, Developed torque and Speed of the DC motor is analyzed. In order to minimize the oscillation cycles the PI controller is proposed in the PWM controller.

Straight and chopped dc performance data for a General Electric 5BT 2366C10 motor and an EV-1 controller

Science.gov (United States)

Edie, P. C.

1981-01-01

Performance data on the General Electric 5BT 2366C10 series wound dc motor and EV-1 Chopper Controller is supplied for the electric vehicle manufacturer. Data is provided for both straight and chopped dc input to the motor, at 2 motor temperature levels. Testing was done at 6 voltage increments to the motor, and 2 voltage increments to the controller. Data results are presented in both tabular and graphical forms. Tabular information includes motor voltage and current input data, motor speed and torque output data, power data and temperature data. Graphical information includes torque-speed, motor power output-speed, torque-current, and efficiency-speed plots under the various operating conditions. The data resulting from this testing shows the speed-torque plots to have the most variance with operating temperature. The maximum motor efficiency is between 86% and 87%, regardless of temperature or mode of operation. When the chopper is utilized, maximum motor efficiency occurs when the chopper duty cycle approaches 100%.

An improved iron loss estimation for permanent magnet brushless machines

CERN Document Server

Fang, D

1999-01-01

This paper presents an improved approach for predicting iron losses in permanent magnet brushless machines. The new approach is based on the fundamental concept that eddy current losses are proportional to the square of the time rate of change of flux density. Expressions are derived for predicting hysteresis and eddy current losses in the stator teeth and yoke. The so-called anomalous or excess losses, caused by the induced eddy current concentration around moving magnetic domain walls and neglected in the conventional core loss calculation, are also included in the proposed approach. In addition, the model is also capable of accounting for the stator skewing, if present. The core losses obtained from the proposed approach are compared with those measured on an existing PM motor at several operating speeds, showing very good agreement. (14 refs).

A Single Phase to Three Phase PFC Half-Bridge Converter Using BLDC Drive with SPWM Technique.

OpenAIRE

Srinu Duvvada; Manmadha Kumar B

2014-01-01

In this paper, a buck half-bridge DC-DC converter is used as a single-stage power factor correction (PFC) converter for feeding a voltage source inverter (VSI) based permanent magnet brushless DC motor (BLDC) drive. The front end of this PFC converter is a diode bridge rectifier (DBR) fed from single-phase AC mains. The BLDC is used to drive a compressor load of an air conditioner through a three-phase VSI fed from a controlled DC link voltage. The speed of the compressor is controlled to ach...

Armature reaction of permanent magnet-excited small dc motors with shell type magnets and possibilities of power increase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gutt, H J; Tran, Q N

1983-07-01

Permanent magnet-excited small dc motors allow an increase of power up to 30% compared with present permanent excited motors. The calculation of immediate irreversible demagnetization of the air-gap situated shell type magnets is necessary for a good motor design. Numerical calculated field line plots show the critical zones of the irreversible demagnetization at high armature reaction and refer how to avoid the flux loss and to increase the motor power.

A Recommended New Approach on Motorization Ratio Calculations of Stepper Motors

Science.gov (United States)

Nalbandian, Ruben; Blais, Thierry; Horth, Richard

2014-01-01

Stepper motors are widely used on most spacecraft mechanisms requiring repeatable and reliable performance. The unique detent torque characteristics of these type of motors makes them behave differently when subjected to low duty cycle excitations where the applied driving pulses are only energized for a fraction of the pulse duration. This phenomenon is even more pronounced in discrete permanent magnet stepper motors used in the space industry. While the inherent high detent properties of discrete permanent magnets provide desirable unpowered holding performance characteristics, it results in unique behavior especially in low duty cycles. Notably, the running torque reduces quickly to the unpowered holding torque when the duty cycle is reduced. The space industry's accepted methodology of calculating the Motorization Ratio (or Torque Margin) is more applicable to systems where the power is continuously applied to the motor coils like brushless DC motors where the cogging torques are low enough not to affect the linear performance of the motors as a function of applied current. This paper summarizes the theoretical and experimental studies performed on a number of space qualified motors under different pulse rates and duty cycles. It is the intention of this paper to introduce a new approach to calculate the Motorization Ratios for discrete permanent magnet steppers under all full and partial duty cycle regimes. The recommended approach defines two distinct relationships to calculate the Motorization Ratio for 100 percent duty cycle and partial duty cycle, when the motor detent (unpowered holding torque) is the main contributor to holding position. These two computations reflect accurately the stepper motor physical behavior as a function of the command phase (ON versus OFF times of the pulses), pointing out how the torque contributors combine. Important points highlighted under this study are the torque margin computations, in particular for well characterized

Nonlinear control techniques of a controllable rectifier/inverter-motor drive system with a small dc-link capacitor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liutanakul, Pisit; Pierfederici, Serge; Meibody-Tabar, Farid

2008-01-01

The necessity of the converters compactness in many applications imposes the reduction of their different components size when it is possible. In this paper, a control method allowing the use of a small size dc-link capacitor for the cascade of voltage controlled-rectifier/inverter-motor drive system is proposed. This is achieved by adding the power balance equation in the system's model and the application of an exact input/output feedback linearization technique in a way that the rectifier controller compensates any sudden change in the inverter load, which is here an induction motor. Since the exact input/output feedback linearization technique is sensitive to the uncertainties over system parameters, a robust control strategy based on sliding mode controller is proposed. By this approach, the dc-link voltage becomes almost insensitive to the load variations. As a result, the level of the dc-link voltage could be stabilized with a small size dc-link capacitor. Without any considerations of the RMS current stress on this dc-link capacitor, a calculation method of a minimum value of this capacitor based on its storage energy is proposed. All the investigations are shown by computer simulations and the performance of controlled system is verified by experimentation results

An Integrated Multifunctional Bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC Converter for Electric Vehicles Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liwen Pan

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an on-board vehicular battery charger that integrates bidirectional AC/DC converter and DC/DC converter to achieve high power density for application in electric vehicles (EVs. The integrated charger is able to transfer electrical energy between the battery pack and the electric traction system and to function as an AC/DC battery charger. The integrated charger topology is presented and the design of passive components is discussed. The control schemes are developed for motor drive system and battery-charging system with a power pulsation reduction circuit. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink and experiments on a 30-kW motor drive and 3.3-kW AC/DC charging prototype validate the performance of the proposed technology. In addition, power losses, efficiency comparison and thermal stress for the integrated charger are illustrated. The results of the analyses show the validity of the advanced integrated charger for electric vehicles.

Genetic Design of an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Controller for Velocity Regulation in a DC Motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yazmin Maldonado

2012-11-01

Full Text Available This paper proposes the design of a Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Controller (T2-FLC using Genetic Algorithms (GAs. The T2-FLC was tested with different levels of uncertainty to regulate velocity in a Direct Current (DC motor. The T2-FLC was synthesized in Very High Description Language (VHDL code for a Field-programmable Gate Array (FPGA, using the Xilinx System Generator (XSG of Xilinx ISE and Matlab-Simulink. Comparisons were made between the Type-1 Fuzzy Logic Controller and the T2-FLC in VHDL code and a Proportional Integral Differential (PID Controller so as to regulate the velocity of a DC motor and evaluate the difference in performance of the three types of controllers, using the t-student test statistic.

Handbook on linear motor application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1988-10-01

This book guides the application for Linear motor. It lists classification and speciality of Linear Motor, terms of linear-induction motor, principle of the Motor, types on one-side linear-induction motor, bilateral linear-induction motor, linear-DC Motor on basic of the motor, linear-DC Motor for moving-coil type, linear-DC motor for permanent-magnet moving type, linear-DC motor for electricity non-utility type, linear-pulse motor for variable motor, linear-pulse motor for permanent magneto type, linear-vibration actuator, linear-vibration actuator for moving-coil type, linear synchronous motor, linear electromagnetic motor, linear electromagnetic solenoid, technical organization and magnetic levitation and linear motor and sensor.

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Folaponmile, A. Vol 8, No 2 (2010) - Articles Interference mitigation techniques in wireless communications systems. Abstract · Vol 9, No 2 (2011) - Articles Implementation of a Fuzzy Logic Speed Controller for a Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drive System Abstract · Vol 9, No 2 (2011) - Articles Manet: A reliable ...

Robot Beroda Perambat Dinding Berbasis Mikrokontroler ATmega 2560 Dilengkapi Kendali Nirkabel dan Penghindar Rintangan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eko Didik Widianto

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This research developed a mobile wall climbing robot prototype using 4 DC motors as its driver and a suction tube. It can avoid obstacles. This robot uses Arduino Mega 2560 as its controller board. The robot's weight is 747 grams. The suction tube produces a suction force of 7.815N capable of holding the robot load in a stall vertical position using 12V of voltage. The robot able to crawl down and horizontal, but still can not climb vertically. The robot is able to receive a command of motion manually from a 2.4GHz wireless joystick. In automatic mode, the robot can avoid obstacles using the HC-SR04 proximity sensor. This research also shows the relationship between suction force and the given voltage of DC brushless motor and its throtle value. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sebuah purwarupa robot perambat dinding beroda dengan 4 buah motor DC sebagai penggerak dan sebuah tabung hisap serta dapat menghindari rintangan. Robot ini menggunakan Arduino Mega 2560 sebagai papan kontrolernya. Bobot robot adalah 747 gram. Gaya hisap dari tabung hisap sebesar 7,815N mampu menahan beban robot dalam posisi diam vertikal di tegangan 12V. Robot mampu merambat turun dan mendatar, namun masih tidak bisa naik vertikal. Robot mampu diberikan perintah gerak secara manual dari tombol joystick playstation nirkabel 2,4 GHz. Di mode otomatis, robot dapat bergerak menghindari rintangan menggunakan sensor jarak HC-SR04. Dalam penelitian ini ditunjukkan hubungan antara gaya hisap dengan nilai tegangan motor DC brushless dan nilai throtle-nya.

IMPLEMENTATION OF PID ON PIC24F SERIES MICROCONTROLLER FOR SPEED CONTROL OF A DC MOTOR USING MPLAB AND PROTEUS

OpenAIRE

Sohaib Aslam; Sundas Hannan; Umar Sajjad; Waheed Zafar

2016-01-01

Speed control of DC motor is very critical in most of the industrial systems where accuracy and protection are of essence. This paper presents the simulations of Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID) on a 16-bit PIC 24F series microcontroller for speed control of a DC motor in the presence of load torque. The PID gains have been tuned by Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique and then it is implemented on microcontroller using MPLAB and finally simulated for speed control of D...

Anti-control of chaos of a permanent magnet DC motor system for vibratory compactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Zheng; Chau, K.T.

2008-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to employ time-delay feedback to anti-control a permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor system for vibratory compactors, and hence implement a new electrically chaotic compactor. Firstly, the dynamic model of the anti-controlled PMDC motor system and the proposed electrically chaotic compactor are formulated. Secondly, a nonlinear map is derived to analyze the chaotic criterion of the anti-controlled PMDC motor system. Then, numerical computations are used to investigate the dynamics of the proposed electrically chaotic compactor. Finally, a series of simulations are conducted to verify that the proposed electrically chaotic compactor not only offers better compaction effects than the conventional one, but also provides higher flexibility than the mechanically chaotic compactor

Brushed permanent magnet DC MLC motor operation in an external magnetic field.

Science.gov (United States)

Yun, J; St Aubin, J; Rathee, S; Fallone, B G

2010-05-01

Linac-MR systems for real-time image-guided radiotherapy will utilize the multileaf collimators (MLCs) to perform conformal radiotherapy and tumor tracking. The MLCs would be exposed to the external fringe magnetic fields of the linac-MR hybrid systems. Therefore, an experimental investigation of the effect of an external magnetic field on the brushed permanent magnet DC motors used in some MLC systems was performed. The changes in motor speed and current were measured for varying external magnetic field strengths up to 2000 G generated by an EEV electromagnet. These changes in motor characteristics were measured for three orientations of the motor in the external magnetic field, mimicking changes in motor orientations due to installation and/or collimator rotations. In addition, the functionality of the associated magnetic motor encoder was tested. The tested motors are used with the Varian 120 leaf Millennium MLC (Maxon Motor half leaf and full leaf motors) and the Varian 52 leaf MKII MLC (MicroMo Electronics leaf motor) including a carriage motor (MicroMo Electronics). In most cases, the magnetic encoder of the motors failed prior to any damage to the gearbox or the permanent magnet motor itself. This sets an upper limit of the external magnetic field strength on the motor function. The measured limits of the external magnetic fields were found to vary by the motor type. The leaf motor used with a Varian 52 leaf MKII MLC system tolerated up to 450 +/- 10 G. The carriage motor tolerated up to 2000 +/- 10 G field. The motors used with the Varian 120 leaf Millennium MLC system were found to tolerate a maximum of 600 +/- 10 G. The current Varian MLC system motors can be used for real-time image-guided radiotherapy coupled to a linac-MR system, provided the fringe magnetic fields at their locations are below the determined tolerance levels. With the fringe magnetic fields of linac-MR systems expected to be larger than the tolerance levels determined, some form of

Brushed permanent magnet DC MLC motor operation in an external magnetic field

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yun, J.; St Aubin, J.; Rathee, S.; Fallone, B. G. [Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 11322-89 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7 (Canada) and Department of Oncology, Medical Physics Division, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2 (Canada); Department of Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2 (Canada) and Department of Oncology, Medical Physics Division, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2 (Canada); Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 11322-89 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7 (Canada); Department of Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2 (Canada) and Department of Oncology, Medical Physics Division, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2 (Canada)

2010-05-15

Purpose: Linac-MR systems for real-time image-guided radiotherapy will utilize the multileaf collimators (MLCs) to perform conformal radiotherapy and tumor tracking. The MLCs would be exposed to the external fringe magnetic fields of the linac-MR hybrid systems. Therefore, an experimental investigation of the effect of an external magnetic field on the brushed permanent magnet DC motors used in some MLC systems was performed. Methods: The changes in motor speed and current were measured for varying external magnetic field strengths up to 2000 G generated by an EEV electromagnet. These changes in motor characteristics were measured for three orientations of the motor in the external magnetic field, mimicking changes in motor orientations due to installation and/or collimator rotations. In addition, the functionality of the associated magnetic motor encoder was tested. The tested motors are used with the Varian 120 leaf Millennium MLC (Maxon Motor half leaf and full leaf motors) and the Varian 52 leaf MKII MLC (MicroMo Electronics leaf motor) including a carriage motor (MicroMo Electronics). Results: In most cases, the magnetic encoder of the motors failed prior to any damage to the gearbox or the permanent magnet motor itself. This sets an upper limit of the external magnetic field strength on the motor function. The measured limits of the external magnetic fields were found to vary by the motor type. The leaf motor used with a Varian 52 leaf MKII MLC system tolerated up to 450{+-}10 G. The carriage motor tolerated up to 2000{+-}10 G field. The motors used with the Varian 120 leaf Millennium MLC system were found to tolerate a maximum of 600{+-}10 G. Conclusions: The current Varian MLC system motors can be used for real-time image-guided radiotherapy coupled to a linac-MR system, provided the fringe magnetic fields at their locations are below the determined tolerance levels. With the fringe magnetic fields of linac-MR systems expected to be larger than the

Brushed permanent magnet DC MLC motor operation in an external magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yun, J.; St Aubin, J.; Rathee, S.; Fallone, B. G.

2010-01-01

Purpose: Linac-MR systems for real-time image-guided radiotherapy will utilize the multileaf collimators (MLCs) to perform conformal radiotherapy and tumor tracking. The MLCs would be exposed to the external fringe magnetic fields of the linac-MR hybrid systems. Therefore, an experimental investigation of the effect of an external magnetic field on the brushed permanent magnet DC motors used in some MLC systems was performed. Methods: The changes in motor speed and current were measured for varying external magnetic field strengths up to 2000 G generated by an EEV electromagnet. These changes in motor characteristics were measured for three orientations of the motor in the external magnetic field, mimicking changes in motor orientations due to installation and/or collimator rotations. In addition, the functionality of the associated magnetic motor encoder was tested. The tested motors are used with the Varian 120 leaf Millennium MLC (Maxon Motor half leaf and full leaf motors) and the Varian 52 leaf MKII MLC (MicroMo Electronics leaf motor) including a carriage motor (MicroMo Electronics). Results: In most cases, the magnetic encoder of the motors failed prior to any damage to the gearbox or the permanent magnet motor itself. This sets an upper limit of the external magnetic field strength on the motor function. The measured limits of the external magnetic fields were found to vary by the motor type. The leaf motor used with a Varian 52 leaf MKII MLC system tolerated up to 450±10 G. The carriage motor tolerated up to 2000±10 G field. The motors used with the Varian 120 leaf Millennium MLC system were found to tolerate a maximum of 600±10 G. Conclusions: The current Varian MLC system motors can be used for real-time image-guided radiotherapy coupled to a linac-MR system, provided the fringe magnetic fields at their locations are below the determined tolerance levels. With the fringe magnetic fields of linac-MR systems expected to be larger than the tolerance

BPM Motors in Residential Gas Furnaces: What are the Savings?

OpenAIRE

Lutz, James; Franco, Victor; Lekov, Alex; Wong-Parodi, Gabrielle

2006-01-01

Residential gas furnaces contain blowers to distribute warm air. Currently, furnace blowers use either a Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) or a Brushless Permanent Magnet (BPM) motor. Blowers account for the majority of furnace electricity consumption. Therefore, accurate determination of the blower electricity consumption is important for understanding electricity consumption of furnaces. The electricity consumption of blower motors depends on the static pressure across the blower. This p...

Design of BLDCM emulator for transmission control units

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Chang; He, Yongyi; Zhang, Bodong

2018-04-01

According to the testing requirements of the transmission control unit, a brushless DC motor emulating system is designed based on motor simulation and power hardware-in-the-loop. The discrete motor model is established and a real-time numerical method is designed to solve the motor states. The motor emulator directly interacts with power stage of the transmission control unit using a power-efficient circuit topology and is compatible with sensor-less control. Experiments on a laboratory prototype help to verify that the system can emulate the real motor currents and voltages whenever the motor is starting up or suddenly loaded.

Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC-stimulation-induced after-effects of human motor cortex excitability.

Science.gov (United States)

Liebetanz, David; Nitsche, Michael A; Tergau, Frithjof; Paulus, Walter

2002-10-01

Weak transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces persisting excitability changes in the human motor cortex. These plastic excitability changes are selectively controlled by the polarity, duration and current strength of stimulation. To reveal the underlying mechanisms of direct current (DC)-induced neuroplasticity, we combined tDCS of the motor cortex with the application of Na(+)-channel-blocking carbamazepine (CBZ) and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist dextromethorphan (DMO). Monitored by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), motor cortical excitability changes of up to 40% were achieved in the drug-free condition. Increase of cortical excitability could be selected by anodal stimulation, and decrease by cathodal stimulation. Both types of excitability change lasted several minutes after cessation of current stimulation. DMO suppressed the post-stimulation effects of both anodal and cathodal DC stimulation, strongly suggesting the involvement of NMDA receptors in both types of DC-induced neuroplasticity. In contrast, CBZ selectively eliminated anodal effects. Since CBZ stabilizes the membrane potential voltage-dependently, the results reveal that after-effects of anodal tDCS require a depolarization of membrane potentials. Similar to the induction of established types of short- or long-term neuroplasticity, a combination of glutamatergic and membrane mechanisms is necessary to induce the after-effects of tDCS. On the basis of these results, we suggest that polarity-driven alterations of resting membrane potentials represent the crucial mechanisms of the DC-induced after-effects, leading to both an alteration of spontaneous discharge rates and to a change in NMDA-receptor activation.

Rare-earth magnets and their applications. Vol. 2. Proceedings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schultz, L.; Mueller, K.H.

1998-01-01

The following topics were dealt with: permanent magnets, rare- earth magnets, manufacturing, markets, powder metallurgy, sintering, mechanical alloying, nanocrystalline magnets, Curie temperature, domain structure, exchange coupling, stoichiometry effects, coercive force, remanence, magnetisation distribution, demagnetisation, mechanical properties, deformation behaviour, microstructure, grain size effects, texture, magnetic anisotropy, hydrogen assisted processing, nitriding, hydrogen embrittlement, permanent magnet motors, permanent magnet generators, brushless machines, linear motors, DC motors, AC motors, servomotors, magnetic levitation, magnetic field calculations, magnetic damping, magnet system design, system optimisation, corrosion protection, magnetometers, hard magnetic films, magnetostriction, magnetic multilayers, spin glass behaviour

Effect of short circuited DC link capacitor of an AC–DC–AC inverter on the performance of induction motor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hadeed Ahmed Sher

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Induction motors are widely used in industrial power plants due to their robustness, reliability and high performance under variable operating conditions in the electrical power system. Modern industrial progress is dependent on these ruggedly constructed induction motors. Almost every sophisticated process of the industry is based on induction motors. Most of these motors are controlled by means of inverters that change the line frequency. The change in parameters of inverter makes it possible to control the motor according to the design requirements. The reliability of inverter based motor control is an important issue for industrial applications and therefore, it becomes very vital for design engineers to have comprehensive analysis of the inverter fed induction machine. This paper investigates one of the faults that may occur on the DC link of an inverter fed induction motor. The effect of the capacitor short circuit is presented in this paper. It also deals with the effects of short circuited capacitor on freewheeling diode. DC link capacitors are well designed and even the probability of capacitor failure is high, it is always a rare case if they puncture, however this analysis will add to the reliability of the induction machine under variable operating condition.

Decentralized control of the COFS-I Mast using linear dc motors

Science.gov (United States)

Lindner, Douglas K.; Celano, Tom; Ide, Eric

1989-01-01

Consideration is given to a decentralized control design for vibration suppression in the COFS-I Mast using linear dc motors for actuators. The decentralized control design is based results from power systems using root locus techniques that are not well known. The approach is effective because the loop gain is low due to low actuator authority. The frequency-dependent nonlinearities of the actuator are taken into account. Because of the tendency of the transients to saturate the the stroke length of the actuator, its effectiveness is limited.

Low-Cost Undergraduate Control Systems Experiments Using Microcontroller-Based Control of a DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Gunasekaran, M.; Potluri, R.

2012-01-01

This paper presents low-cost experiments for a control systems laboratory module that is worth one and a third credits. The experiments are organized around the microcontroller-based control of a permanent magnet dc motor. The experimental setups were built in-house. Except for the operating system, the software used is primarily freeware or free…

Design and Analysis of a Novel Speed-Changing Wheel Hub with an Integrated Electric Motor for Electric Bicycles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yi-Chang Wu

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to present an innovative electromechanical device which integrates a brushless DC (BLDC hub motor with a speed-changing wheel hub stored on the rear wheel of an electric bicycle. It combines a power source and a speed-changing mechanism to simultaneously provide functions of power generation and transmission for electric bicycles. As part of the proposed integrated device, the wheel hub consists of a basic planetary gear train providing three forward speeds including a low-speed gear, a direct drive, and a high-speed gear. Each gear is manually controlled by the shift control sleeve to selectively engage or disengage four pawl-and-ratchet clutches based on its clutching sequence table. The number of gear teeth of each gear element of the wheel hub is synthesized. The BLDC hub motor is an exterior-rotor-type permanent-magnet synchronous motor. Two-dimensional finite-element analysis (FEA software is employed to facilitate the motor design and performance analysis. An analysis of the power transmission path at each gear is provided to verify the validity of the proposed design. The results of this work are beneficial to the embodiment, design, and development of novel electromechanical devices for the power and transmission systems of electric bicycles.

Evaluation of linear DC motor actuators for control of large space structures

OpenAIRE

Ide, Eric Nelson

1988-01-01

This thesis examines the use of a linear DC motor as a proof mass actuator for the control of large space structures. A model for the actuator, including the current and force compensation used, is derived. Because of the force compensation, the actuator is unstable when placed on a structure. Relative position feedback is used for actuator stabilization. This method of compensation couples the actuator to the mast in a feedback configuration. Three compensator designs are prop...

Theoretical and experimental analysis of inverter fed induction motor system under DC link capacitor failure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hadeed A. Sher

2017-04-01

Full Text Available In this paper theoretical and experimental analysis of an AC–DC–AC inverter under DC link capacitor failure is presented. The failure study conducted for this paper is the open circuit of the DC link capacitor. The presented analysis incorporates the results for both single and three phase AC input. It has been observed that the higher ripple frequency provides better ride through capability for this fault. Furthermore, the effects of this fault on electrical characteristics of AC–DC–AC inverter and mechanical properties of the induction motor are also presented. Moreover, the effect of pulsating torque as a result of an open circuited DC link capacitor is also taken into consideration. Theoretical analysis is supported by computer aided simulation as well as with a real time experimental prototype.

Reliability of hybrid photovoltaic DC micro-grid systems for emergency shelters and other applications

Science.gov (United States)

Dhere, Neelkanth G.; Schleith, Susan

2014-10-01

Improvement of energy efficiency in the SunSmart Schools Emergency Shelters requires new methods for optimizing the energy consumption within the shelters. One major limitation in current systems is the requirement of converting direct current (DC) power generated from the PV array into alternating current (AC) power which is distributed throughout the shelters. Oftentimes, this AC power is then converted back to DC to run certain appliances throughout the shelters resulting in a significant waste of energy due to DC to AC and then again AC to DC conversion. This paper seeks to extract the maximum value out of PV systems by directly powering essential load components within the shelters that already run on DC power without the use of an inverter and above all to make the system reliable and durable. Furthermore, additional DC applications such as LED lighting, televisions, computers and fans operated with DC brushless motors will be installed as replacements to traditional devices in order to improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Cost of energy storage technologies continue to decline as new technologies scale up and new incentives are put in place. This will provide a cost effective way to stabilize the energy generation of a PV system as well as to provide continuous energy during night hours. It is planned to develop a pilot program of an integrated system that can provide uninterrupted DC power to essential base load appliances (heating, cooling, lighting, etc.) at the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC) command center for disaster management. PV arrays are proposed to be installed on energy efficient test houses at FSEC as well as at private homes having PV arrays where the owners volunteer to participate in the program. It is also planned to monitor the performance of the PV arrays and functioning of the appliances with the aim to improve their reliability and durability. After a successful demonstration of the hybrid DC microgrid based emergency

Optimal current waveforms for brushless permanent magnet motors

Science.gov (United States)

Moehle, Nicholas; Boyd, Stephen

2015-07-01

In this paper, we give energy-optimal current waveforms for a permanent magnet synchronous motor that result in a desired average torque. Our formulation generalises previous work by including a general back-electromotive force (EMF) wave shape, voltage and current limits, an arbitrary phase winding connection, a simple eddy current loss model, and a trade-off between power loss and torque ripple. Determining the optimal current waveforms requires solving a small convex optimisation problem. We show how to use the alternating direction method of multipliers to find the optimal current in milliseconds or hundreds of microseconds, depending on the processor used, which allows the possibility of generating optimal waveforms in real time. This allows us to adapt in real time to changes in the operating requirements or in the model, such as a change in resistance with winding temperature, or even gross changes like the failure of one winding. Suboptimal waveforms are available in tens or hundreds of microseconds, allowing for quick response after abrupt changes in the desired torque. We demonstrate our approach on a simple numerical example, in which we give the optimal waveforms for a motor with a sinusoidal back-EMF, and for a motor with a more complicated, nonsinusoidal waveform, in both the constant-torque region and constant-power region.

Sensorless optimal sinusoidal brushless direct current for hard disk drives

Science.gov (United States)

Soh, C. S.; Bi, C.

2009-04-01

Initiated by the availability of digital signal processors and emergence of new applications, market demands for permanent magnet synchronous motors have been surging. As its back-emf is sinusoidal, the drive current should also be sinusoidal for reducing the torque ripple. However, in applications like hard disk drives, brushless direct current (BLDC) drive is adopted instead of sinusoidal drive for simplification. The adoption, however, comes at the expense of increased harmonics, losses, torque pulsations, and acoustics. In this paper, we propose a sensorless optimal sinusoidal BLDC drive. First and foremost, the derivation for an optimal sinusoidal drive is presented, and a power angle control scheme is proposed to achieve an optimal sinusoidal BLDC. The scheme maintains linear relationship between the motor speed and drive voltage. In an attempt to execute the sensorless drive, an innovative power angle measurement scheme is devised, which takes advantage of the freewheeling diodes and measures the power angle through the detection of diode voltage drops. The objectives as laid out will be presented and discussed in this paper, supported by derivations, simulations, and experimental results. The proposed scheme is straightforward, brings about the benefits of sensorless sinusoidal drive, negates the need for current sensors by utilizing the freewheeling diodes, and does not incur additional cost.

Boost Converter Fed High Performance BLDC Drive for Solar PV Array Powered Air Cooling System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shobha Rani Depuru

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This paper proposes the utilization of a DC-DC boost converter as a mediator between a Solar Photovoltaic (SPV array and the Voltage Source Inverters (VSI in an SPV array powered air cooling system to attain maximum efficiency. The boost converter, over the various common DC-DC converters, offers many advantages in SPV based applications. Further, two Brushless DC (BLDC motors are employed in the proposed air cooling system: one to run the centrifugal water pump and the other to run a fan-blower. Employing a BLDC motor is found to be the best option because of its top efficiency, supreme reliability and better performance over a wide range of speeds. The air cooling system is developed and simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink environment considering the steady state variation in the solar irradiance. Further, the efficiency of BLDC drive system is compared with a conventional Permanent Magnet DC (PMDC motor drive system and from the simulated results it is found that the proposed system performs better.

Highlighting the harmonic regime generated by electric locomotives equipped with DC motors

Science.gov (United States)

Baciu, I.; Cunţan, C. D.

2018-01-01

The paper presents the results of measurements made using the C.A. 8334 power quality analyzer on an electric locomotive equipped with DC motors. We carried out determinations of the current-voltage regime using a locomotive motor. The harmonic regime of the other motors being identical to the analysed one, we could easily deduce the effects caused by the entire locomotive. The data measured with the analyzer were firstly transferred into a computer system using the Qualistar software, followed by data processing in Excel, enabling therefore a graphical representation of the characteristic parameters of power quality. Based on the acquired data, we determined the power factor, as well as the active, reactive and apparent power. The measurements revealed high values of the current harmonics, fact that required some measures to be taken for reducing the values of these harmonics. For this, we ran a simulation using the PSCAD/EMTDC software, by introducing LC filters in tune with the harmonic frequencies. The result was a significant reduction in the harmonic regime, either in the harmonics values or the power factor and reactive power.

Design and Analysis of Multi-Phase BLDC Motors for Electric Vehicles

OpenAIRE

Boztas, Gullu; Yildirim, Merve; Aydogmus, Omur

2018-01-01

This paper presents a design and analysis of multiphase brushless direct current (BLDC) motor for electric vehicles (EV). In this work, hub-wheels having 110Nm, 900rpm rated values have been designed for the proposed EV. This EV can produce 440 Nm without using transmission, differential and other mechanical components which have very high losses due to the mechanical fraction. The motors to be used in the EV have been designed as 3-, 5- and 7-phase by Infolytica/Motor Solve Software to compa...

Concepts for using trapped-flux bulk high-temperature superconductor in motors and generators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hull, John R; Strasik, Michael

2010-01-01

We review previous concepts for using bulk high-temperature superconductors (HTSs) in motors and generators and discuss methods for using trapped-flux (TF) HTSs in motors and generators that have been recently investigated in our laboratory. We examine the expected performance of a brushless motor/generator that uses TF bulk HTSs to provide magnetomotive force, where the stator windings are used to create the TF. A key feature is the use of dysprosium for the stator and rotor cores.

Special-Purpose High-Torque Permanent-Magnet Motors

Science.gov (United States)

Doane, George B., III

1995-01-01

Permanent-magnet brushless motors that must provide high commanded torques and satisfy unusual heat-removal requirement are developed. Intended for use as thrust-vector-control actuators in large rocket engines. Techniques and concepts used to design improved motors for special terrestrial applications. Conceptual motor design calls for use of rotor containing latest high-energy-product rare-earth permanent magnets so that motor produces required torque while drawing smallest possible currents from power supply. Torque generated by electromagnetic interaction between stator and permanent magnets in rotor when associated electronic circuits applied appropriately temporally and spatially phased currents to stator windings. Phase relationships needed to produce commanded torque computed in response to torque command and to electronically sensed angular position of rotor relative to stator.

In-wheel PM motor : compromise between high power density and extended speed capability

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lomonova, E.; Kazmin, Evgeny; Tang, Y.; Paulides, J.J.H.

2011-01-01

Purpose – Today's brushless permanent magnet (PM) drive systems usually adopt motors including the advancements in magnet technology, e.g. better thermal characteristics and higher magnetic strength. By this means, they become capable in the roughest applications yet maintain a high accuracy at

Dynamic Characteristics of DC Servo Motor Driven by Conventional Servo Driver: Estimation of Circuit Constants in Conventional Servo Driver

OpenAIRE

酒井, 史敏; 神谷, 好承; 関, 啓明; 疋津, 正利

2000-01-01

DC servo motors that are made as manufactured goods in the factory are widely used as actuators for driving many automatic machines. Then the manufactured driver (amplifier) that is matched to its servo motor is coveniently chosen to drive when aiming at high performance of the motion control. Motion of motor that is driven by the manufactured servo driver has very complicated dynamic characteristics. In this study, it is tried to make clear about inner composition of the servo driver through...

Controlling the Dc-link Midpoint Potential in a Six-phase Motor-drive

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendixen, Flemming Buus; Blaabjerg, Frede; Rasmussen, Peter Omand

2004-01-01

inverter branch and filter inductances is needed for stabilizing the midpoint potential of the series connected dc-capacitor link. A new control strategy that pre-calculates the allowed voltage ripple and controls the motor voltage accordingly (using two standard three phase inverter modules) is suggested....... With this new control strategy the seventh branch and an inductance can be saved. It also opens the possibility to use two standard three-phase inverters to supply the six-phase motor. An experimental setup is build and the theory is verified in the test case. The proposed control strategy works satisfactory....... A drawback is that the voltage ripple in the midpoint increases, if a third harmonic current is injected specially at low speed, which could demand a higher voltage rating of the capacitors. Another drawback is that the higher voltage ripple will stress the capacitors hence the lifetime may be shortened....

A Study on the Development of BLDC Motor with High Power Density

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Hyun Cheol; Kong, Yeong Kyung; Choi, Tae In [Agency for Defense Development (Korea); Song, Jong Hwan [Hyosung Ltd., (Korea)

2000-05-01

The motor for torpedo propulsion is needed the compact and short rating high power characteristics. This paper describes the development of the motor through the theory and Finite Element Method(FEM) analysis for Brushless Direct Current Motor(BLDCM) of 7 phase 6 poles. Back EMF, inductance and eddy current loss were analyzed. The proposed methods like magnetic wedge acquired by these FEM analysis were introduced. Phase-leading angle using encoder was used. Test results on the motor of 7 phases 6 poles were showed the validity of proposed methods and phase-leading angle. (author). 9 refs., 12 figs., 5 tabs.

Analytical closed-form investigation of PWM inverter induction motor drive performance under DC bus voltage pulsation

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Klíma, J.; Chomát, Miroslav; Schreier, Luděk

2008-01-01

Roč. 2, č. 6 (2008), s. 341-352 ISSN 1751-8660 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA102/08/0424 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20570509 Keywords : DC-link voltage pulsations * torque ripple * induction motor Subject RIV: JA - Electronics ; Optoelectronics, Electrical Engineering Impact factor: 0.660, year: 2008

Novel Sensorless Six-Step Communication Strategy for a Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with DC Link Measurement

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Munteanu, A.; Agarlita, S. C.; Blaabjerg, Frede

2012-01-01

The present paper introduces a novel six-step commutation strategy for sensorless control applied for a surface permanent magnet synchronous motor that implies only dc link measurement (battery current and battery voltage). The control strategy makes use of a modified I-f starting procedure and t......-crossing of the back-emf are obtained from an observer that uses both current and battery voltage. The case study is represented by a surface permanent magnet synchronous motor prototype (6 /8 configuration), designed for the automotive air conditioning compressor drive....

Practical Efficiency of Photovoltaic Panel Used for Solar Vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Koyuncu, T.

2017-08-01

In this experimental investigation, practical efficiency of semi-flexible monocrystalline silicon solar panel used for a solar powered car called “Firat Force” and a solar powered minibus called “Commagene” was determined. Firat Force has 6 solar PV modules, a maintenance free long life gel battery pack, a regenerative brushless DC electric motor and Commagene has 12 solar PV modules, a maintenance free long life gel battery pack, a regenerative brushless DC electric motor. In addition, both solar vehicles have MPPT (Maximum power point tracker), ECU (Electronic control unit), differential, instrument panel, steering system, brake system, brake and gas pedals, mechanical equipments, chassis and frame. These two solar vehicles were used for people transportation in Adiyaman city, Turkey, during one year (June 2010-May 2011) of test. As a result, the practical efficiency of semi-flexible monocrystalline silicon solar panel used for Firat Force and Commagene was determined as 13 % in despite of efficiency value of 18% (at 1000 W/m2 and 25 °C ) given by the producer company. Besides, the total efficiency (from PV panels to vehicle wheel) of the system was also defined as 9%.

Two-Stage Control Design of a Buck Converter/DC Motor System without Velocity Measurements via a Σ−Δ-Modulator

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Silva-Ortigoza

2013-01-01

differential flatness property of the DC-motor model is exploited in order to propose a first-stage controller, which is designed to achieve the desired angular velocity trajectory. This controller provides the voltage profiles that must be tracked by the Buck converter. Then, a second-stage controller is meant to assure the aforementioned. This controller is based on flatness property of the Buck power converter model, which provides the input voltage to the DC motor. Due to the fact that the two-stage controller proposed uses the average model of the system, as a practical and effective implementation of this controller, a Σ − Δ-modulator is employed. Finally, in order to verify the control performance of this approach, numerical simulations are included.

A new 2D FEM analysis of a disc machine with offset rotor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gair, S.; Canova, A. [Napier Univ., Edinburgh (United Kingdom). Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering; Eastham, J.F.; Betzer, T. [Univ. of Bath (United Kingdom). School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering

1995-12-31

The paper presents a new 2-Dimensional Finite Element Method (2D FEM) analysis of a double sided axial field, permanent magnet excited brushless DC motor. The rotor of the machine is free to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. Computed 2D results are compared with 3D FEM analysis and the new analysis method is shown to give close agreement.

Determination of efficiencies, loss mechanisms, and performance degradation factors in chopper controlled dc vehical motors. Section 1: Test program results and recommendations

Science.gov (United States)

Hamilton, H. B.; Strangas, E.

1980-01-01

The conventional series motor model is discussed as well as procedures for obtaining, by test, the parameters necessary for calculating performance and losses. The calculated results for operation from ripple free DC are compared with observed test results, indicating approximately 5% or less error. Experimental data indicating the influence of brush shift and chopper frequency are also presented. Both factors have a significant effect on the speed and torque relationships. The losses and loss mechanisms present in a DC series motor are examined and an attempt is made to evaluate the added losses due to harmonic currents and fluxes. Findings with respect to these losses is summarized.

Algoritmo PSO para identificación de parámetros en un motor DC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

César Duarte

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta la aplicación del algoritmo Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO como estrategia de búsqueda para determinar los parámetros de un sistema tipo caja gris. Este proceso de identificación se ilustra utilizando la respuesta a un escalón de un motor DC en lazo abierto. Para agilizar la identificación del sistema a través del uso de PSO, se limita el espacio de búsqueda usando la información que puede extraerse de la respuesta en el dominio del tiempo del sistema a identificar. Los resultados del proceso de identificación de los parámetros del motor se obtienen utilizando la herramienta PSOt disponible para entorno Matlab® desarrollada por Brian Birge.

Design and Optimization of Permanent Magnet Brushless Machines for Electric Vehicle Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Weiwei Gu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper, by considering and establishing the relationship between the maximum operating speed and d-axis inductance, a new design and optimization method is proposed. Thus, a more extended constant power speed range, as well as reduced losses and increased efficiency, especially in the high-speed region, can be obtained, which is essential for electric vehicles (EVs. In the first step, the initial permanent magnet (PM brushless machine is designed based on the consideration of the maximum speed and performance specifications in the entire operation region. Then, on the basis of increasing d-axis inductance, and meanwhile maintaining constant permanent magnet flux linkage, the PM brushless machine is optimized. The corresponding performance of the initial and optimal PM brushless machines are analyzed and compared by the finite-element method (FEM. Several tests are carried out in an EV simulation model based on the urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS for evaluation. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the validity of the proposed design and optimization method.

Capacitance estimation algorithm based on DC-link voltage harmonics using artificial neural network in three-phase motor drive systems

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Soliman, Hammam Abdelaal Hammam; Davari, Pooya; Wang, Huai

2017-01-01

to industry. In this digest, a condition monitoring methodology that estimates the capacitance value of the dc-link capacitor in a three phase Front-End diode bridge motor drive is proposed. The proposed software methodology is based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm. The harmonics of the dc......-link voltage are used as training data to the Artificial Neural Network. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the dc-link voltage is analysed in order to study the impact of capacitance variation on the harmonics order. Laboratory experiments are conducted to validate the proposed methodology and the error analysis......In modern design of power electronic converters, reliability of dc-link capacitors is one of the critical considered aspects. The industrial field have been attracted to the monitoring of their health condition and the estimation of their ageing process status. However, the existing condition...

Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of a Mechanical Lever System Driven by a DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Nana, B.; Fautso Kuiate, G.; Yamgoué, S. B.

This paper presents theoretical and experimental results on the investigation of the dynamics of a nonlinear electromechanical system made of a lever arm actuated by a DC motor and controlled through a repulsive magnetic force. We use the method of harmonic balance to derive oscillatory solutions. Theoretical tools such as, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, phase portraits, are used to unveil the rich nonlinear behavior of the system including chaos and hysteresis. The experimental results are in close accordance with the theoretical predictions.

Single-Stage Step up/down Driver for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, T. R.; Juan, Y. L.; Huang, C. Y.; Kuo, C. T.

2017-11-01

The two-stage circuit composed of a step up/down dc converter and a three-phase voltage source inverter is usually adopted as the electric vehicle’s motor driver. The conventional topology is more complicated. Additional power loss resulted from twice power conversion would also cause lower efficiency. A single-stage step up/down Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor driver for Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor is proposed in this study. The number components and circuit complexity are reduced. The low frequency six-step square-wave control is used to reduce the switching losses. In the proposed topology, only one active switch is gated with a high frequency PWM signal for adjusting the rotation speed. The rotor position signals are fed back to calculate the motor speed for digital close-loop control in a MCU. A 600W prototype circuit is constructed to drive a BLDC motor with rated speed 3000 rpm, and can control the speed of six sections.

Three Dimensional Flow Field Study of the Improve Scheme for a Brushless Exciter with Ｒotating Parts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LU Yi-ping

2017-06-01

Full Text Available To study deeply the influence of the frame ring plate increased between rectifier wheel and rotor on the size of eddy current of fluid field of brushless exciter，the fluid field of complete brushless exciter model is established. Based on the computational fluid dynamics ( CFD principles ，the finite volume method is adopted to simulate and analyze the three dimensional turbulent flow field in the computational domain. The distribution character of the fluid field for the brushless exciter is obtained under rated speed，after increasing the frame ring plate between rectifier wheel and rotor. The results show increased the frame ring plate between rectifier wheel and rotor can decrease effectively the size of eddy current in the air region between rectifier wheel and rotor. Compared with the result of running scheme，the air volume flow rate of the scheme has increased 13. 89% and the result is accuracy. It provides theoretical basis for further optimizing the air ducts structure of the brushless exciter .

Diseño de un modelo informático para la estimación de la energía generada en el vehículo solar Aníbal

OpenAIRE

Ramírez Basalo, Miguel Ángel

2012-01-01

A partir del modelo ya existente de Matlab, compuesto por una fuente de tensión continua, un bloque de simulación del regulador y un motor de corriente continua sin escobillas (brushless DC motor), se quiere desarrollar cualquier tipo de simulación que pueda ayudar en el diseño y simulación del coche solar haciendo ver las partes donde se puede mejorar o cualquier aplicación que pueda ayudar en la configuración del coche dependiendo de las condiciones solares. Después de pensar...

Simple Motor Control Concept Results High Efficiency at High Velocities

Science.gov (United States)

Starin, Scott; Engel, Chris

2013-09-01

The need for high velocity motors in space applications for reaction wheels and detectors has stressed the limits of Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors (BPMM). Due to inherent hysteresis core losses, conventional BPMMs try to balance the need for torque verses hysteresis losses. Cong-less motors have significantly less hysteresis losses but suffer from lower efficiencies. Additionally, the inherent low inductance in cog-less motors result in high ripple currents or high switching frequencies, which lowers overall efficiency and increases performance demands on the control electronics.However, using a somewhat forgotten but fully qualified technology of Isotropic Magnet Motors (IMM), extremely high velocities may be achieved at low power input using conventional drive electronics. This paper will discuss the trade study efforts and empirical test data on a 34,000 RPM IMM.

Axial flux permanent magnet brushless machines

CERN Document Server

Gieras, Jacek F; Kamper, Maarten J

2008-01-01

Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) brushless machines are modern electrical machines with a lot of advantages over their conventional counterparts. They are being increasingly used in consumer electronics, public life, instrumentation and automation system, clinical engineering, industrial electromechanical drives, automobile manufacturing industry, electric and hybrid electric vehicles, marine vessels and toys. They are also used in more electric aircrafts and many other applications on larger scale. New applications have also emerged in distributed generation systems (wind turbine generators

Numerical simulation of dynamics of brushless dc motors for aerospace and other applications. Volume 2: User's guide to computer EMA model

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A. O.; Nehl, T. W.

1979-01-01

A description and user's guide of the computer program developed to simulate the dynamics of an electromechanical actuator for aerospace applications are presented. The effects of the stator phase currents on the permanent magnets of the rotor are examined. The voltage and current waveforms present in the power conditioner network during the motoring, regenerative braking, and plugging modes of operation are presented and discussed.

An Exciting Experiment for Pre-Engineering and Introductory Physics Students: Creating a DC Motor Using the Lorentz Force

Science.gov (United States)

Abdul-Razzaq, Wathiq N.; Boehm, Manfred H.; Bushey, Ryan K.

2008-01-01

Introductory physics laboratories have been demonstrated in some instances to be difficult or uninteresting to students at the collegiate level. We have developed a laboratory that introduces the concept of the Lorentz force and allows students to build a non-traditional DC motor out of easily acquired materials. Basic electricity and magnetism…

Design and implementation of a bidirectional current-controlled voltage-regulated DC-DC switched-mode converter

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Coetzer, A

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The design and implementation of a bidirectional current-controlled voltage-regulated DC-DC converter is presented. The converter is required to connect a battery of electrochemical cells (the battery) to an asynchronous motor-drive unit via a...

DC-Link Compensation Method for Slim DC Link Drives Fed by Soft Grid

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mathe, Laszlo; Rosendahl Andersen, Henrik; Lazar, Radu

2010-01-01

Slim DC-link PWM (AC) drives for lowperformance applications are emerging on the market. Such drives equipped with a small DC-link capacitance exhibit instability tendencies, if installed on a soft line, giving a degraded performance. The total harmonic distortion (THD) and the partially weighted...... harmonic distortion (PWHD) of the line current are degraded, if resonance between the line impedance and the DC-link capacitance occurs. Likewise, the motor performance is affected negatively giving extra torque ripple, vibration and acoustic-noise emission. This paper proposes a novel DC-link compensation...

Numerical simulation of dynamics of brushless dc motors for aerospace and other applications. Volume 1: Model development and applications, part A

Science.gov (United States)

Demerdash, N. A. O.; Nehl, T. W.

1979-01-01

The development, fabrication and evaluation of a prototype electromechanical actuator (EMA) is discussed. Application of the EMA as a motor for control surfaces in aerospace flight is examined. A mathematical model of the EMA is developed for design optimization. Nonlinearities which complicate the mathematical model are discussed. The dynamics of the EMA from the underlying physical principles are determined and a discussion of similating the control logic by means of equivalent boolean expressions is presented.

Reliability study of high gain DC-DC converters based on RRPP I-IIA ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

J DIVYA NAVAMANI

2018-05-10

May 10, 2018 ... Energy Storage Modules (ESM), Propulsion Motor Mod- ules (PMM) and ... All Electric Ship (AES) is the best way to power all the loads in the ship ... also used to derive quadratic step down DC-DC converters. [6]. The attractive ...... Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies,. TamilNadu ...

Hybrid Switch Reluctance Drives For Pump Applications

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jakobsen, Uffe

be the single phase hybrid switched reluctance motor (HSRM). Due to the simple construction of the single phase HSRM, manufacturing may be simplified compared to a three phase permanent magnet motor and consumption of copper may be lowered when compared to both the induction motor and some three phase permanent...... magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the HSRM needs information about rotor position to be properly controlled. For BLDC, PMSM, induction motors, and the normal SRM position sensorless methods are relatively well established and have been used for some time. For the single phase switched reluctance motor......The initial research problem is to investigate an alternative motor drive to the existing permanent magnet synchronous and brushless DC-motor drives for pump applications. A review of different motor types showed that a possible candidate for another low cost permanent magnet motor may...

A Low-Order Harmonic Elimination Scheme for Induction Motor Drives Using a Multilevel Octadecagonal Space Vector Structure With a Single DC Source

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Boby, Mathews; Rahul, Arun; Gopakumar, K.

2018-01-01

Conventional voltage-source inverters used for induction motor drives generate a hexagonal space vector structure. In the overmodulation range, the hexagonal space vector structure generates low-order harmonics in the phase voltage resulting in low-order torque ripple in the motor. Inverter...... topologies with an octadecagonal (18 sided) space vector structure eliminate fifth-, seventh-, eleventh-, and thirteenth-order harmonics from the phase voltage, and hence, the dominant sixth- and twelfth-order torque ripple generation is eliminated. Octadecagonal space vector structures proposed in the past...... require multiple dc sources, which makes four-quadrant operation of the drive system difficult and costly. In this paper, the formation of a multilevel nine-concentric octadecagonal space vector structure using a single dc source is proposed. Detailed experimental results, using open-loop V/f control...

Design of PI Controlled Non Isolated Bidirectional DC to DC Converter for Electric Vehicle Application

Science.gov (United States)

Geetha, A.; Subramani, C.; Thamizh Thentral, T. M.; Krithika, V.; Usha, S.

2018-04-01

Non isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter (NIBDDC) is a good interface between DC source and inverter Fed induction motor drive. This paper deals with comparison between open loop and PI controlled Bidirectional DC to DC Converter Inverter System (BDDCIS). The modelling and control of BDDC is becomes an important issue. Open loop BDDCIS and closed loop PI controlled BDDCIS are designed, modelled and simulated using Matlab- simulink and their results are presented. The investigations indicate superior performance of PI controlled BDDCIS. The proposed BDDCIS has advantages like bidirectional power transfer ability, reduced hardware count and improved dynamic response.

Development of AC-DC power system simulator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ichikawa, Tatsumi; Ueda, Kiyotaka; Inoue, Toshio

1984-01-01

A modeling and realization technique is described for realtime plant dynamics simulation of nuclear power generating unit in AC-DC power system simulator. Dynamic behavior of reactor system and steam system is important for investigation a further adequate unit control and protection system to system faults in AC and DC power system. Each unit of two nuclear power generating unit in the power system simulator consists of micro generator, DC motors, flywheels and process computer. The DC motor and flywheel simulates dynamic characteristics of steam turbine, and process computer simulates plant dynamics by digital simulation. We have realized real-time plant dynamics simulation by utilizing a high speed process I/O and a high speed digital differential analyzing processor (DDA) in which we builted a newly developed simple plant model. (author)

Control of plasma layer in a fusion reactor correlated to DC motor control using PSO-ANFIS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahapatra, Sakuntala; Daniel, Raju; Dey, Deep Narayan

2013-01-01

Plasma position and shape control is very crucial for the overall performance of the fusion reactor such as Tokamak. The quality of the discharge in the Saskatchewan TORus-Modified (STOR-M) tokamak is strongly related to the position of the plasma column within the discharge vessel. If the plasma column approaches too near the wall, then either minor or complete disruption occurs. Consequently it is necessary to be able to control dynamically the position of the plasma column throughout the entire discharge. Now a day's most fusion reactor employs the traditional PID controller for the confinement of plasma layer. Fuzzy logic is used for the control of Plasma layer. In this paper we have used the hybrid of PSO-ANFIS technique to control the speed of a DC motor. We have used two input parameters like speed, torque and output is firing angle. In our work first order Sugeno fuzzy model is taken with three rules and the parameters of Gaussian membership function is controlled by the PSO technique. PSO-ANFIS speed controller obtains better dynamic behavior and superior performance of the DC motor speed control. Similar approach can be correlated to the control of plasma layer. For the plasma control two inputs can be taken as plasma position ΔH and the plasma current and the single output, the control decision u(t). (author)

Conveyor Performance based on Motor DC 12 Volt Eg-530ad-2f using K-Means Clustering

Science.gov (United States)

Arifin, Zaenal; Artini, Sri DP; Much Ibnu Subroto, Imam

2017-04-01

To produce goods in industry, a controlled tool to improve production is required. Separation process has become a part of production process. Separation process is carried out based on certain criteria to get optimum result. By knowing the characteristics performance of a controlled tools in separation process the optimum results is also possible to be obtained. Clustering analysis is popular method for clustering data into smaller segments. Clustering analysis is useful to divide a group of object into a k-group in which the member value of the group is homogeny or similar. Similarity in the group is set based on certain criteria. The work in this paper based on K-Means method to conduct clustering of loading in the performance of a conveyor driven by a dc motor 12 volt eg-530-2f. This technique gives a complete clustering data for a prototype of conveyor driven by dc motor to separate goods in term of height. The parameters involved are voltage, current, time of travelling. These parameters give two clusters namely optimal cluster with center of cluster 10.50 volt, 0.3 Ampere, 10.58 second, and unoptimal cluster with center of cluster 10.88 volt, 0.28 Ampere and 40.43 second.

Design optimization for permanent magnet machine with efficient slot per pole ratio

Science.gov (United States)

Potnuru, Upendra Kumar; Rao, P. Mallikarjuna

2018-04-01

This paper presents a methodology for the enhancement of a Brush Less Direct Current motor (BLDC) with 6Poles and 8slots. In particular; it is focused on amulti-objective optimization using a Genetic Algorithmand Grey Wolf Optimization developed in MATLAB. The optimization aims to maximize the maximum output power value and minimize the total losses of a motor. This paper presents an application of the MATLAB optimization algorithms to brushless DC (BLDC) motor design, with 7 design parameters chosen to be free. The optimal design parameters of the motor derived by GA are compared with those obtained by Grey Wolf Optimization technique. A comparative report on the specified enhancement approaches appearsthat Grey Wolf Optimization technique has a better convergence.

Isolated step-down DC -DC converter for electric vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Kukovinets, O. V.; Sidorov, K. M.; Yutt, V. E.

2018-02-01

Modern motor-vehicle industrial sector is moving rapidly now towards the electricity-driving cars production, improving their range and efficiency of components, and in particular the step-down DC/DC converter to supply the onboard circuit 12/24V of electric vehicle from the high-voltage battery. The purpose of this article - to identify the best circuitry topology to design an advanced step-down DC/DC converters with the smallest mass, volume, highest efficiency and power. And this will have a positive effect on driving distance of electric vehicle (EV). On the basis of computational research of existing and implemented circuit topologies of step-down DC/DC converters (serial resonant converter, full bridge with phase-shifting converter, LLC resonant converter) a comprehensive analysis was carried out on the following characteristics: specific volume, specific weight, power, efficiency. The data obtained was the basis for the best technical option - LLC resonant converter. The results can serve as a guide material in the process of components design of the traction equipment for electric vehicles, providing for the best technical solutions in the design and manufacturing of converting equipment, self-contained power supply systems and advanced driver assistance systems.

Effects of balanced and unbalanced voltage sags on DC adjustable-speed drives

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pedra, Joaquin; Sainz, Luis; Corcoles, Felipe; Bergas, Joan [Department of Electrical Engineering, ETSEIB-UPC, Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona (Spain); de Blas, Alfredo [Department of Electrical Engineering, EUETIB-UPC, C. d' Urgell, 187, 08036 Barcelona (Spain)

2008-06-15

This paper analyzes the sensitivity of DC adjustable-speed drives to balanced and unbalanced voltage sags. The influence of sag type, depth, duration and phase-angle jump on DC drives is studied. The control of the DC drive has been taken into account to understand drive behavior in the presence of voltage sags. Two working modes of the DC motor are considered in the study: as a consumer load and as a regenerative load. When the DC motor works as a consumer load, the study shows that sag type and depth have a significant influence on drive behavior. However, the voltage sag can be ridden through if the rectifier firing angle is set correctly by the control. When the DC motor works as a regenerative load, the study shows the consequences of the three-phase rectifier commutation failure due to the voltage sag. (author)

Advanced dc-Traction-Motor Control System

Science.gov (United States)

Vittone, O.

1985-01-01

Motor-control concept for battery-powered vehicles includes stateof-the-art power-transistor switching and separate excitation of motor windings in traction and regenerative braking. Switching transistors and other components of power-conditioning subsystem operate under control of computer that coordinates traction, braking, and protective functions.

Test Results of Selected Commercial DC/DC Converters under Cryogenic Temperatures - A Digest

Science.gov (United States)

Patterson, Richard; Hammoud, Ahmad

2010-01-01

DC/DC converters are widely used in space power systems in the areas of power management and distribution, signal conditioning, and motor control. Design of DC/DC converters to survive cryogenic temperatures will improve the power system performance, simplify design, and reduce development and launch costs. In this work, the performance of nine COTS modular, low-tomedium power DC/DC converters was investigated under cryogenic temperatures. The converters were evaluated in terms of their output regulation, efficiency, and input and output currents. At a given temperature, these properties were obtained at various input voltages and at different load levels. A summary on the performance of the tested converters was given. More comprehensive testing and in-depth analysis of performance under long-term exposure to extreme temperatures are deemed necessary to establish the suitability of these and other devices for use in the harsh environment of space exploration missions.

Four-quadrant speed control circuit of DC servo motor using integrated voltage control method; Den`atsu sekibunchi seigyo wo mochoiita chokuryu dendoki no shishogen sokudo seigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okui, H. [Osaka polytechnic College, Osaka (Japan); Irie, H. [Osaka Electro-Communication Univ., Osaka (Japan)

1996-08-20

The Two-Quadrant chopper is constructed by using smoothing reactor in common of the step-down chopper and step-up chopper of the DC chopper. Furthermore, since the circuit connected in bridge type by using these two groups has both of positive and negative voltage from DC source and can supplies the current from positive and negative directions for load, it is called in general as the Four-Quadrant chopper. As the Four-Quadrant chopper may supply and regenerate power, it works as power amplifier with high efficiency. In this paper, the speed control circuit of DC servo motor using Four-Quadrant integrated voltage control circuit is described. The speed control circuit is composed of simple circuits of one adder integrator and four hysteresis comparators. The Four-Quadrant speed control circuit has a DC motor speed feedback loop and a voltage feedback loop which connects with AC, it plays the Four-Quadrant speed control without current inspection. The speed control characteristics with no steady state error over four quadrants may be obtained, changing of the quadrant is smooth and transition response is rapid. 9 refs., 11 figs.

Soft commutated direct current motor [summary of proposed paper

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hsu, John S.

1998-10-22

A novel soft commutated direct current (DC) motor is introduced. The current of the commutated coil is intentionally drained before the brush disconnects the coil. This prevents the spark generation that normally occurs in conventional DC motors. A similar principle can be applied for DC generators.

Control of a Dual-Stator Flux-Modulated Motor for Electric Vehicles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xinhua Guo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the control strategies for a novel dual-stator flux-modulated (DSFM motor for application in electric vehicles (EVs. The DSFM motor can be applied to EVs because of its simple winding structure, high reliability, and its use of two stators and rotating modulation steels in the air gap. Moreover, it outperforms conventional brushless doubly-fed machines in terms of control performance. Two stator-current-oriented vector controls with different excitation in the primary winding, direct and alternating current excitation, are designed, simulated, and evaluated on a custom-made DSFM prototype allowing the decoupled control of torque. The stable speed response and available current characteristics strongly validate the feasibility of the two control methods. Furthermore, the proposed control methods can be employed in other applications of flux-modulated motors.

Motor-operated valve (MOV) actuator motor and gearbox testing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

DeWall, K.; Watkins, J.C.; Bramwell, D.

1997-07-01

Researchers at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory tested the performance of electric motors and actuator gearboxes typical of the equipment installed on motor-operated valves used in nuclear power plants. Using a test stand that simulates valve closure loads against flow and pressure, the authors tested five electric motors (four ac and one dc) and three gearboxes at conditions a motor might experience in a power plant, including such off-normal conditions as operation at high temperature and reduced voltage. They also monitored the efficiency of the actuator gearbox. All five motors operated at or above their rated starting torque during tests at normal voltages and temperatures. For all five motors, actual torque losses due to voltage degradation were greater than the losses calculated by methods typically used for predicting motor torque at degraded voltage conditions. For the dc motor the actual torque losses due to elevated operating temperatures were greater than the losses calculated by the typical predictive method. The actual efficiencies of the actuator gearboxes were generally lower than the running efficiencies published by the manufacturer and were generally nearer the published pull-out efficiencies. Operation of the gearbox at elevated temperature did not affect the operating efficiency

An exciting experiment for pre-engineering and introductory physics students: creating a DC motor using the Lorentz force

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdul-Razzaq, Wathiq N; Boehm, Manfred H; Bushey, Ryan K

2008-01-01

Introductory physics laboratories have been demonstrated in some instances to be difficult or uninteresting to students at the collegiate level. We have developed a laboratory that introduces the concept of the Lorentz force and allows students to build a non-traditional DC motor out of easily acquired materials. Basic electricity and magnetism concepts are joined together in a simple and enjoyable experiment that allows the students to demonstrate physics at first hand and without the use of complex materials

Substantial energy conservation in air conditioners; Substantiele energiebesparing bij luchtbehandelingsinstallaties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-03-01

An air conditioner has been retrofitted by application of an optimized fan in combination with an EC motor (brushless dc-motor). Attention is paid to the difference between an AC- and and EC motor, between free-running and spiral housing fans, between direct or indirect-driven, and between forward-bended and backward-bended blades. By means of equations and diagrams the realized energy conservation is visualized. [Dutch] De renovatie van een luchtbehandelingskast wordt besproken. Door de toepassing van ventilatoren met een geoptimaliseerde waaier in combinatie met een EC-motor (borstelloze gelijkstroommotor) wordt een substantiele energiebesparing gerealiseerd. Er wordt op verschillende aspecten ingegaan. Onder meer het verschil tussen een AC- en EC-motor, tussen vrijlopende en slakkenhuisventilatoren, tussen direct- of indirect-gedreven schoepen en tussen voorwaarts- of achterwaartsgebogen schoepen. Aan de hand van vergelijkingen en diagrammen wordt de energiewinst zichtbaar gemaakt.

"Fan-Tip-Drive" High-Power-Density, Permanent Magnet Electric Motor and Test Rig Designed for a Nonpolluting Aircraft Propulsion Program

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Gerald V.; Kascak, Albert F.

2004-01-01

A scaled blade-tip-drive test rig was designed at the NASA Glenn Research Center. The rig is a scaled version of a direct-current brushless motor that would be located in the shroud of a thrust fan. This geometry is very attractive since the allowable speed of the armature is approximately the speed of the blade tips (Mach 1 or 1100 ft/s). The magnetic pressure generated in the motor acts over a large area and, thus, produces a large force or torque. This large force multiplied by the large velocity results in a high-power-density motor.

Pengaruh Penambahan Kutub Bantu Pada Motor Arus Searah Penguatan Seri Dan Shunt Untuk Memperkecil Rugi-Rugi

OpenAIRE

Fahni, Al Magrizi

2015-01-01

Penggunaan motor DC akhir-akhir ini mengalami perkembangan, khususnya dalam pemakaiannya sebagai motor penggerak. Terutama untuk menggerakkan beban yang berat dan bervarisasi. Oleh sebab itu, diharapkan motor DC dapat bekerja secara efisien. Pada saat motor DC dibebani, akan mengalir arus jangkar yang mengakibatkan terjadinya reaksi jangkar. Arus jangkar yang terlalu besar akan mengakibat timbulnya rugi-rugi daya pada motor DC, salah satu cara untuk memperkecil rugi-rugi day...

SIMULATION MODELS OF HEAVY TRUCKS TRAFFIC CONTROL WITH ELECTRIC DC DRIVE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. N. Hurski

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A model of the straight course of movement of the mobile machine with a traction electric motor DC. Traffic management controller provides a closed classical scheme with feedback. The mathematical model of the electric DC motor with the energy dissipation in the rotor bearings. Design scheme of mobile machines include speed dial controller, traction electric motor, gearbox, transmission and progressively moving mass on the elastic­dissipative wheel. The results of the simulation of the machine in the form of temporary processes of change control signals, voltage and current in the windings of the motor and traction power developed on the wheel.

A novel dual motor drive system for three wheel electric vehicles

Science.gov (United States)

Panmuang, Piyapat; Thongsan, Taweesak; Suwapaet, Nuchida; Laohavanich, Juckamass; Photong, Chonlatee

2018-03-01

This paper presents a novel dual motor drive system used for three wheel electric vehicles that have one free wheel at the front and two wheels with a drive system at the end of the vehicles. A novel dual motor drive system consists of two identical DC motors that are independently controlled by its speed-torque controller. Under light load conditions, only one of the DC motors will operate around it rated whilst under hard load conditions both of the DC motors will operate. With this drive system, the motors will operate only at its high performance at rated or else no operate to retain longer lifetime. The simulated results for the Skylab three wheel electric vehicle prototype with 8kW at full load (high torque, low speed) and around 4kW at light/normal operating loads (regular speed-torque) showed that the proposed system provides better dynamic responses with faster overshoot current/voltage recovery time, has lower investment costs, has longer lifetime of the motors and allows the motors to always operate at their high performance and thus achieve more cost effective system compared to a single motor drive system with 8kW DC motors.

Design and Analysis of Multi-Phase BLDC Motors for Electric Vehicles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. Boztas

2018-04-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a design and analysis of multi-phase brushless direct current (BLDC motor for electric vehicles (EV. In this work, hub-wheels having 110Nm, 900rpm rated values have been designed for the proposed EV. This EV can produce 440 Nm without using transmission, differential and other mechanical components which have very high losses due to the mechanical fraction. The motors to be used in the EV have been designed as 3-, 5- and 7-phase by Infolytica/Motor Solve Software to compare their performances at the same load conditions. The same rotor geometry has been utilized for the motors. However, slot numbers and dimensions of the stator have been determined by considering the motor phase number. Performance curves of phase-currents, output powers, torques, efficiencies and power factors have been presented for these motors at the same operating conditions. It can be possible to use lower power switches in motor drive system thanks to the phase current reduction since the phase currents decrease proportionally to motor phase number. This work shows that the multi-phase BLDC motors are a good alternative in order to obtain lower torque and lower power inverter structure than the 3-phase BLDC motors which are used as standard.

Application of drive circuit based on L298N in direct current motor speed control system

Science.gov (United States)

Yin, Liuliu; Wang, Fang; Han, Sen; Li, Yuchen; Sun, Hao; Lu, Qingjie; Yang, Cheng; Wang, Quanzhao

2016-10-01

In the experiment of researching the nanometer laser interferometer, our design of laser interferometer circuit system is up to the wireless communication technique of the 802.15.4 IEEE standard, and we use the RF TI provided by Basic to receive the data on speed control system software. The system's hardware is connected with control module and the DC motor. However, in the experiment, we found that single chip microcomputer control module is very difficult to drive the DC motor directly. The reason is that the DC motor's starting and braking current is larger than the causing current of the single chip microcomputer control module. In order to solve this problem, we add a driving module that control board can transmit PWM wave signal through I/O port to drive the DC motor, the driving circuit board can come true the function of the DC motor's positive and reversal rotation and speed adjustment. In many various driving module, the L298N module's integrated level is higher compared with other driver module. The L298N model is easy to control, it not only can control the DC motor, but also achieve motor speed control by modulating PWM wave that the control panel output. It also has the over-current protection function, when the motor lock, the L298N model can protect circuit and motor. So we use the driver module based on L298N to drive the DC motor. It is concluded that the L298N driver circuit module plays a very important role in the process of driving the DC motor in the DC motor speed control system.

Control Technologies for Room Air-conditioner and Packaged Air-conditioner

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Nobuhisa

Trends of control technologies about air-conditioning machineries, especially room or packaged air conditioners, are presented in this paper. Multiple air conditioning systems for office buildings are mainly described as one application of the refrigeration cycle control technologies including sensors for thermal comfort and heating/ cooling loads are also described as one of the system control technologies. Inverter systems and related technologies for driving variable speed compressors are described in both case of including induction motors and brushless DC motors. Technologies for more accurate control to meet various kind of regulations such as ozone layer destruction, energy saving and global warming, and for eliminating harmonic distortion of power source current, as a typical EMC problem, will be urgently desired.

Experimental Study for Reduction of Noises and Vibrations in Hermetic Type Compressor

Science.gov (United States)

Sano, Kiyoshi; Kawahara, Sadao; Akazawa, Teruyuki; Ishii, Noriaki

A brushless DC motor with a permanent magnet rotor has been adopted for a scroll compressor for domestic-use air-conditioners because of a demand for compressor high efficiency. A waveform of the driving voltage in the inverter power supply unit is chopped by the PWM signal. Its duty ratio is increased/decreased to control the DC voltage in order to provide a wide range of rotation frequencies for the compressor. The driving voltage includes the carrier frequency and its harmonic components, which produce an electro-magnetic force in the moter, resulting in high electro-magnetic noise. In the present report, the author clarifies the relationships between the noise and the waveform of driving voltage and frequency response function of the motor. A method to improve the frequency response function by changing the stator shape in order to reduce electro-magnetic noise is presented. Subsequently, the influence on electro-magnetic noise from the waveform of driving voltage is examined. Furthermore, the electro-magnetic noises during inverter driving of an induction motor are presented.

A neuro-inspired spike-based PID motor controller for multi-motor robots with low cost FPGAs.

Science.gov (United States)

Jimenez-Fernandez, Angel; Jimenez-Moreno, Gabriel; Linares-Barranco, Alejandro; Dominguez-Morales, Manuel J; Paz-Vicente, Rafael; Civit-Balcells, Anton

2012-01-01

In this paper we present a neuro-inspired spike-based close-loop controller written in VHDL and implemented for FPGAs. This controller has been focused on controlling a DC motor speed, but only using spikes for information representation, processing and DC motor driving. It could be applied to other motors with proper driver adaptation. This controller architecture represents one of the latest layers in a Spiking Neural Network (SNN), which implements a bridge between robotics actuators and spike-based processing layers and sensors. The presented control system fuses actuation and sensors information as spikes streams, processing these spikes in hard real-time, implementing a massively parallel information processing system, through specialized spike-based circuits. This spike-based close-loop controller has been implemented into an AER platform, designed in our labs, that allows direct control of DC motors: the AER-Robot. Experimental results evidence the viability of the implementation of spike-based controllers, and hardware synthesis denotes low hardware requirements that allow replicating this controller in a high number of parallel controllers working together to allow a real-time robot control.

Lyapunov exponent for aging process in induction motor

Science.gov (United States)

Bayram, Duygu; Ünnü, Sezen Yıdırım; Şeker, Serhat

2012-09-01

focused on the controlling the mechanical parameters of the electrical machines. Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) and the other general purpose permanent magnet (PM) motors are the most widely examined motors [1, 8, 9]. But the researches, about Lyapunov Exponent, subjected to the induction motors are mostly focused on the control theory of the motors. Flux estimation of rotor, external load disturbances and speed tracking and vector control position system are the main research areas for induction motors [10, 11, 12-14]. For all the data sets which can be collected from an induction motor, vibration data have the key role for understanding the mechanical behaviours like aging, bearing damage and stator insulation damage [15-18]. In this paper aging of an induction motor is investigated by using the vibration signals. The signals consist of new and aged motor data. These data are examined by their 2 dimensional phase portraits and the geometric interpretation is applied for detecting the Lyapunov Exponents. These values are compared in order to define the character and state estimation of the aging processes.

GABAergic modulation of DC stimulation-induced motor cortex excitability shifts in humans.

Science.gov (United States)

Nitsche, Michael A; Liebetanz, David; Schlitterlau, Anett; Henschke, Undine; Fricke, Kristina; Frommann, Kai; Lang, Nicolas; Henning, Stefan; Paulus, Walter; Tergau, Frithjof

2004-05-01

Weak transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS) of the human motor cortex results in excitability shifts during and after the end of stimulation, which are most probably localized intracortically. Anodal stimulation enhances excitability, whereas cathodal stimulation reduces it. Although the after-effects of tDCS are NMDA receptor-dependent, nothing is known about the involvement of additional receptors. Here we show that pharmacological strengthening of GABAergic inhibition modulates selectively the after-effects elicited by anodal tDCS. Administration of the GABA(A) receptor agonist lorazepam resulted in a delayed, but then enhanced and prolonged anodal tDCS-induced excitability elevation. The initial absence of an excitability enhancement under lorazepam is most probably caused by a loss of the anodal tDCS-generated intracortical diminution of inhibition and enhancement of facilitation, which occurs without pharmacological intervention. The reasons for the late-occurring excitability enhancement remain unclear. Because intracortical inhibition and facilitation are not changed in this phase compared with pre-tDCS values, excitability changes originating from remote cortical or subcortical areas could be involved.

Sensorless Control of Electric Motors with Kalman Filters: Applications to Robotic and Industrial Systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerasimos G. Rigatos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The paper studies sensorless control for DC and induction motors, using Kalman Filtering techniques. First the case of a DC motor is considered and Kalman Filter-based control is implemented. Next the nonlinear model of a field-oriented induction motor is examined and the motor

Simulation and Analysis of Magnetisation Characteristics of Interior Permanent Magnet Motors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. A. Walker

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Modern permanent magnet (PM synchronous brushless machines often have magnetic circuits in which the patterns of saturation are complex and highly variable with the position of the rotor. The classical phasor diagram theory of operation relies on the assumption of sinusoidal variation of flux-linkage with rotor position, and neglects the non-linear effects that arise in different operating states. The finite element method is a useful tool for detailed magnetic analysis, but it is important to verify simulation results by direct measurement of the magnetic characteristics of the motor, in terms of “magnetisation curves” of current and flux-linkage. This paper presents results from finite element simulations to determine the magnetisation in a split-phase interior permanent magnet (IPM motor. Investigation has been made to determine the effects of the rotor geometry on the synchronous reactances and airgap flux distribution. Comparisons are made with a second IPM motor with a different rotor configuration. 

A Neuro-Inspired Spike-Based PID Motor Controller for Multi-Motor Robots with Low Cost FPGAs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anton Civit-Balcells

2012-03-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present a neuro-inspired spike-based close-loop controller written in VHDL and implemented for FPGAs. This controller has been focused on controlling a DC motor speed, but only using spikes for information representation, processing and DC motor driving. It could be applied to other motors with proper driver adaptation. This controller architecture represents one of the latest layers in a Spiking Neural Network (SNN, which implements a bridge between robotics actuators and spike-based processing layers and sensors. The presented control system fuses actuation and sensors information as spikes streams, processing these spikes in hard real-time, implementing a massively parallel information processing system, through specialized spike-based circuits. This spike-based close-loop controller has been implemented into an AER platform, designed in our labs, that allows direct control of DC motors: the AER-Robot. Experimental results evidence the viability of the implementation of spike-based controllers, and hardware synthesis denotes low hardware requirements that allow replicating this controller in a high number of parallel controllers working together to allow a real-time robot control.

An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Yee-Pien; Liu, Jieng-Jang; Hu, Tsung-Hsien

2011-01-01

An energy management system with an electronic gearshift and regenerative braking is presented to improve the gross efficiency and driving range of an electric scooter, driven directly by a four-phase axial-flux DC brushless wheel motor. The integration of stator windings, batteries, ultracapacitors, and a digital controller constitutes an energy management system, which features smooth electronic gear shifting and regenerative braking. The gross efficiency of the experimental scooter is improved in the drivable range by 20% with respect to that without regenerative braking. The battery-to-wheel efficiency was also above 70% for both low- and high-speed gears.

The design and development of an oil-free compressor for Spacelab Refrigerator/Freezer

Science.gov (United States)

Hye, A.

1984-01-01

Design features and test results of an oil-free compressor developed for Spacelab Mission-4 Refrigerator/Freezer are detailed. The compressor has four identical pistons activated by a common eccentric shaft, operated by a brushless dc motor at 1300 rpm. The stroke of each piston is 0.28 cm, with the piston ends connected to the shaft by means of sealed needle bearings, eliminating the ned for oil. The mass flow rates produced by the compressor are by over 100 percent higher compared to the original Amfridge unit. Test results show that the compressor can meet the Spacelab refrigerator/freezer requirements.

An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Yee-Pien, E-mail: ypyang@ntu.edu.t [Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei, Taiwan (China); Liu, Jieng-Jang, E-mail: jjliu@ntu.edu.t [Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei, Taiwan (China); Hu, Tsung-Hsien, E-mail: elvishu@artc.org.t [Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei, Taiwan (China)

2011-01-15

An energy management system with an electronic gearshift and regenerative braking is presented to improve the gross efficiency and driving range of an electric scooter, driven directly by a four-phase axial-flux DC brushless wheel motor. The integration of stator windings, batteries, ultracapacitors, and a digital controller constitutes an energy management system, which features smooth electronic gear shifting and regenerative braking. The gross efficiency of the experimental scooter is improved in the drivable range by 20% with respect to that without regenerative braking. The battery-to-wheel efficiency was also above 70% for both low- and high-speed gears.

An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yee-Pien Yang; Jieng-Jang Liu; Tsung-Hsien Hu [Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei (China)

2011-01-15

An energy management system with an electronic gearshift and regenerative braking is presented to improve the gross efficiency and driving range of an electric scooter, driven directly by a four-phase axial-flux DC brushless wheel motor. The integration of stator windings, batteries, ultracapacitors, and a digital controller constitutes an energy management system, which features smooth electronic gear shifting and regenerative braking. The gross efficiency of the experimental scooter is improved in the drivable range by 20% with respect to that without regenerative braking. The battery-to-wheel efficiency was also above 70% for both low- and high-speed gears. (author)

Embedded system based on a real time fuzzy motor speed controller

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ebrahim Abd El-Hamid Mohamed Ramadan

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This paper describes an implementation of a fuzzy logic control (FLC system and a/the conventional proportional-integral (PI controller for speed control of DC motor, based on field programmable gate array (FPGA circuit. The proposed scheme is aimed to improve the tracking performance and to eliminate the load disturbance in the speed control of DC motors. The proposed fuzzy system has been applied to a permanent magnet DC motor, via a configuration of H-bridge. The fuzzy control algorithm is designed and verified with a nonlinear model, using the MATLAB® tools. Both FLC and conventional PI controller hardware are synthesized, functionally verified and implemented using Xilinx Integrated Software Environment (ISE Version 11.1i. The real time implementation of these controllers is made on Spartan-3E FPGA starter kit (XC3S500E. The practical results showed that the proposed FLC scheme has better tracking performance than the conventional PI controller for the speed control of DC motors.

Electric vehicle motors and controllers

Science.gov (United States)

Secunde, R. R.

1981-01-01

Improved and advanced components being developed include electronically commutated permanent magnet motors of both drum and disk configuration, an unconventional brush commutated motor, and ac induction motors and various controllers. Test results on developmental motors, controllers, and combinations thereof indicate that efficiencies of 90% and higher for individual components, and 80% to 90% for motor/controller combinations can be obtained at rated power. The simplicity of the developmental motors and the potential for ultimately low cost electronics indicate that one or more of these approaches to electric vehicle propulsion may eventually displace presently used controllers and brush commutated dc motors.

Pengaruh Penambahan Kutub Bantu Pada Motor Arus Searah Penguatan Seri Dan Shunt Untuk Memperkecil Rugi-Rugi (Aplikasi pada Laboratorium Konversi Energi Listrik FT-USU)

OpenAIRE

Fahni, Al Magrizi

2015-01-01

Penggunaan motor DC akhir-akhir ini mengalami perkembangan, khususnya dalam pemakaiannya sebagai motor penggerak. Terutama untuk menggerakkan beban yang berat dan bervarisasi. Oleh sebab itu, diharapkan motor DC dapat bekerja secara efisien. Pada saat motor DC dibebani, akan mengalir arus jangkar yang mengakibatkan terjadinya reaksi jangkar. Arus jangkar yang terlalu besar akan mengakibat timbulnya rugi-rugi daya pada motor DC, salah satu cara untuk memperkecil rugi-rugi day...

Intrinsic Hardware Evolution for the Design and Reconfiguration of Analog Speed Controllers for a DC Motor

Science.gov (United States)

Gwaltney, David A.; Ferguson, Michael I.

2003-01-01

Evolvable hardware provides the capability to evolve analog circuits to produce amplifier and filter functions. Conventional analog controller designs employ these same functions. Analog controllers for the control of the shaft speed of a DC motor are evolved on an evolvable hardware platform utilizing a second generation Field Programmable Transistor Array (FPTA2). The performance of an evolved controller is compared to that of a conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller. It is shown that hardware evolution is able to create a compact design that provides good performance, while using considerably less functional electronic components than the conventional design. Additionally, the use of hardware evolution to provide fault tolerance by reconfiguring the design is explored. Experimental results are presented showing that significant recovery of capability can be made in the face of damaging induced faults.

Electric vehicle traction motors - The development of an advanced motor concept

Science.gov (United States)

Campbell, P.

1980-01-01

An axial-field permanent magnet traction motor is described, similar to several advanced motors that are being developed in the United States. This type of machine has several advantages over conventional dc motors, particularly in the electric vehicle application. The rapidly changing cost of magnetic materials, particularly cobalt, makes it important to study the utilization of permanent magnet materials in such machines. The impact of different magnets on machine design is evaluated, and the advantages of using iron powder composites in the armature are assessed.

AC/DC current ratio in a current superimposition variable flux reluctance machine

Science.gov (United States)

Kohara, Akira; Hirata, Katsuhiro; Niguchi, Noboru; Takahara, Kazuaki

2018-05-01

We have proposed a current superimposition variable flux reluctance machine for traction motors. The torque-speed characteristics of this machine can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the DC current. In this paper, we discuss an AC/DC current ratio in the current superimposition variable flux reluctance machine. The structure and control method are described, and the characteristics are computed using FEA in several AC/DC ratios.