Svojstva i primena solova cerijum (IV) oksida sintetisanih postupkom forsirane hidrolize

OpenAIRE

Gulicovski, Jelena J.

2016-01-01

Stabilne koloidne disperzije (solovi) cerijum(IV)-oksida dobijeni su metodom forsirane hidrolize, polazeći od cerijum(IV)-nitrata i cerijum(IV)-sulfata u prisustvu različitih količina sumporne i azotne kiseline. Posebna pažnja posvećena je ispitivanju uticaja elektrolita KNO3 i K2SO4 na stabilnost pripremljenih koloidnih disperzija. Takođe, ispitana je mogućnost primene solova CeO2 za formiranje zaštitne prevlake na površini aluminijuma i primene praha CeO2 u oblasti skladištenja vodonika. ...

Priprava lantanovega galata iz mešanega sistema reducentov in nitrata:

OpenAIRE

Kapun, Barbara; Maček, Jadran; Pejovnik, Stane; Zupan, Klementina

2004-01-01

Lanthanum-gallate-based material is a candidate for the electrolyte in a new generation of low-temperature ceramic fuel cells due to its good ionic and negligible electronic conductivity. Lantn!an!um gallate is one of two compounds in the binary system La2O3-Ga2O3 together with La4Ga2O9. Undoped lanthanum gallate was prepared using combustion synthesis from metal nitrates and a reducing agent (urea and/or citric acid). In the mixed-fuel-type system the reaction intensifies and higer temperatu...

Priprava lantanovega galata iz mešanega sistema reducentov in nitrata

OpenAIRE

Pejovnik, Stane; Zupan, Klementina; Maček, Jadran; Kapun, Barbara

2015-01-01

Lantanov galat (LaGaO3), dopiran z dvovalentnimi elementi, je ionski prevodnik tako v oksidativni kot reduktivni atmosferi z zanemarljivo elektronsko prevodnostjo in je zato možen material za elektrolit za novo generacijo keramičnih gorivnih celic, ki bodo delovale pri temperaturah okoli 800 [kompozitum]C. nastaja v binarnem sistemu La2O3-Ga2O3 kot ena od dveh spojin, druga spojina je La4Ga2O9. Nedopiran lantanov galat smo pripravljali z zgorevalno sintezo iz raztopin v sistemu kovinski nitra...

Investigation of molybdenum pentachloride interaction with chlorine. Issledovanie vzaimodejstviya pentakhlorida molibdena s khlorom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Salyulev, A B; Vovkotrub, Eh G; Strekalovskij, V N

1993-01-01

In Raman spectra of molybdenum pentachloride solutions in liquid chlorine lines were recorded in case of 397, 312, 410, 217 and 180 cm[sup -]1 vibrations of [nu][sub 1](A[sub 1]'), [nu][sub 2](A[sub 1]'), [nu][sub 5](E'), [nu][sub 6](E') and [nu][sub 8](E'') monomer (symmetry D[sub 3h]) molecules of MoCl[sub 5]. Interaction of molten molybdenum pentachloride with chlorine at increased (up to 6 MPa) pressures of Cl[sub 2] was studied. In Raman spectra of its vapour distillation in liquid chlorine alongside with MoCl[sub 5] lines appearance of new lines at 363 and 272 cm[sup -1], similar in their frequency to the ones calculated for the vibrations [nu][sub 1](A[sub 1g]) and [nu][sub 2](E[sub g]) of MoCl[sub 6] molecules (symmetry O[sub h]), was observed.

Preliminary notes on dual relevance of ITS sequences and pigments in Hygrocybe taxonomy.

Science.gov (United States)

Babos, M; Halász, K; Zagyva, T; Zöld-Balogh, A; Szegő, D; Bratek, Z

2011-06-01

The relationships based on ITS sequences of 48 Hygrocybe s.l. specimens were studied and compared with previously described taxonomic groups. Our specimens formed two well separated genetic groups. The first one includes the species characterized by vivid yellow and red colours, while species belonging to other clades were pallid or pale brown, and in most cases with pink or olive tones. This separation is supported by the presence of muscaflavin pigments among some species referred to Hygrocybe (Bresinsky & Kronawitter 1986). The subgenera distinguished by morphological features can be relatively well recognized on phylogenetic trees, however, the majority of sections were not supported. Variability in the ITS region of Hygrocybe species is unusually high. In some cases sequences differed by more than 25 %, and the lengths of ITS regions also showed large differences. Taxa that were considered as closely related, e.g. the H. conica aggregate, were found to have identical or highly similar sequences. Our results seem to confirm the taxonomic concept of Bresinsky (2008) who proposed the division of the genus Hygrocybe. Hence H. calyptriformis and all examined members of subg. Gliophorus (H. irrigata, H. laeta, H. nitrata, H. psittacina) and subg. Cuphophyllus could be excluded from the genus Hygrocybe s.str. Based on these results further research using DNA markers at the intergeneric level is suggested to revaluate the taxonomy of former Hygrocybe species.

The Effects of Mineral Nitrogen on the Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen by Vicia Faba L; Vliyanie mineral'nogo azota na fiksatsiyu atmosfernogo azota u Vicia Faba L.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mouhova, G.; Apltauer, J. [Central' nyj Issledovatel' Skij Institut Rastenievodstva, Praga, CHSSR (Czech Republic)

1968-07-01

dvumja urovnjami azota i 64 - 69% iz udobrenij s poslednimi dvumja urovnjami - 52,5 mg i 105,0 mg. Pri sravnenii azota,postupivshego iz nitrata kalija, s azotom v sul'fate ammonija pri urovne 26,2 mg N na kilogramm pochvy, ne bylo obnaruzheno nikakoj raznicy v urozhajnosti i procentnom soderzhanii azota v nazemnyh chastjah konskogo boba mezhdu rastenijami, vyrashhennymi s azotnymi udobrenijami, i kontrol'nymi rastenijami. Izotopnyj analiz azota pokazal, chto pri ispol'zovanii nitrata kalija (10,8%) procentnoe kolichestvo postupivshego iz udobrenij azota v nazemnoj chasti konskogo boba bylo . vyshe, chem pri primenenii sul'fata ammonija (8,1%). Bylo obnaruzheno, chto rastenie ispol'zovalo 54% sul'fata ammonija i 71% nitrata kalija. Ispytanija v teplichnyh gorshkah pokazali, chto azotnye udobrenija ne okazyvali nikakogo sushhestvennogo vlijanija na urozhajnost' nazemnyh chastej konskogo boba. S drugoj storony, v rezul'tate postepennogo uvelichenija urovnja azotnyh udobrenij obrazovyvalos' bol'shee kolichestvo azota, postupivshego iz udobrenij . Takim obrazom, kolichestvo postupivshego iz atmosfery azota umen'shilos', chto nahoditsja v horoshem sootvetstvii s nabljudaemym umen'sheniem kolichestva kluben'kov v kornjah konskogo boba. (author)

Chemical interaction of potassium diphosphate with cadmium nitrate in aqueous solution. Khimicheskie vzaimodejstviya difosfatov kaliya s azotnokislym kadmiem v vodnom rastvore

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kokhanovskij, V V [AN Belorusskoj SSR, Minsk (Belarus). Inst. Obshchej i Neorganicheskoj Khimii

1993-06-01

Formation of low-soluble compounds in 1.5 mol/l isomolar cross section of K[sub 4]P[sub 2]O[sub 7]-Cd(NO[sub 3])[sub 2]-H[sub 2]O system was studied. Liquid phases are studied by the methods of refractometry and pH value measuring, an solid ones - by the methods of chemical and X-ray phase analysis, IR spectroscopy, chromatography and microscopy. Three individual chemical compounds K[sub 2]CdP[sub 2]O[sub 7] x 4H[sub 2]O, K[sub 2]Cd[sub 3](P[sub 2]O[sub 7])[sub 2] x 3H[sub 2]O and Cd[sub 2]P[sub 2]O[sub 7] x 3.5H[sub 2]O and some their mixtures were isolated and investigated. It is shown that doulble diphosphate K[sub 6]Cd(P[sub 2]O[sub 7])[sub 2] x 6H[sub 2]O does not precipitate spontanously, but instead of it in wide region of system K[sub 2]CdP[sub 2]O[sub 7] x 4H[sub 2]O crystallizes as elongated acicular crystals or as thin plates of improper form.

Physicochemical analysis of zinc and cadmium ions interaction with unithiol; Fiziko-khimicheskij analiz vzaimodejstviya ionov tsinka i kadmiya s unitiolom v vodykh rastvorakh

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubinina, L K; Shejkkh, M A; Ospanov, Kh K; Gemanova, L N [Kazakhskij Gosudarstvennyj Univ., Alma-Ata (Kazakhstan)

1995-01-01

Zinc and cadmium interaction with sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane sulfonate in aqueous solution is studied by means of physicochemical analysis techniques (pH-metry, conductometry, viscosimetry, volumetry). Cadmium is determined to form 1:1 and 1:2 composition complex compounds. Formation constants of complex ions are determined. Mechanism of interaction of initial reagents is suggested. 7 refs.; 1 fig.

Preparation of Ceramic-Grade Thorium-Uranium Oxide; Preparation d'un melange d'oxydes de thorium et d'uranium propre a la fabrication de combustible ceramique; Izgotovlenie keramicheskogo torievo-uranovogo okisla; Preparacion de mezclas de oxidos de uranio y torio, de tipo ceramico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cogliati, G.; De Leone, R.; Ferrari, S.; Gabaglio, M.; Liscia, A. [Centro Studi Nucleari della Casaccia, Rome (Italy)

1963-11-15

de uranilo. Este metodo puede ser de utilidad para la elaboracion de elementos combustibles y para la regeneracion de los mismos. En la primera fase del metodo, el nitrato de uranilo se reduce a nitrato de uranio (IV). Como agente reductor se emplea acido formico e hidrogeno gaseoso; se anade urea para impedir la formacion de acido nitroso, que cataliza la reoxidacion del uranio (IV). En calidad de catalizadores pueden emplearse platino y paladio. Se facilitan datos relativos a un proceso continuo, en el que el acido formico y la urea se afladan a la solucion, que seguidamente se precalienta y se hace pasar a traves de una columna rellena de pastillas de alumina de 3,17 x 3,17 mm, que contienen 0,5% en peso de platino. Se estudia la influencia de la velocidad de circulacion, temperatura, concentraciones de acido formico y de urea, asi como la duracion y el envenenamiento del catalizador. La segunda fase del metodo consiste en la precipitacion de oxalato de torio y uranio (IV). Se estudia la influencia de la razon acido oxalico torio-uranio, de la temperatura y del tiempo de envejecimiento sobre las caracteristicas de sedimentacion y de filtracion del precipitado y sobre las propiedades ceramicas de los polvos obtenidos. El calentamiento se ha efectuado tanto en atmosfera reductora como oxidante. Luego de ensayos preliminares, se han establecido dos procedimientos normales para la elaboracion de cuerpos ceramicos, a saber, por prensado en frio y sinterizacion y por extrusion y sinterizacion. Las propiedades de sinterizacion de los diferentes polvos se han ensayado por los dos procedimientos normales. Con algunos de los polvos se han obtenido densidades superiores al 95% del valor teorico; se han realizado con exito ensayos de reproductibilidad. (author) [Russian] Issledovan protsess izgotovleniya spechennykh izdelij iz smesi torievo-uranovykh okislov, nachinayushchijsya s rastvoreniya nitrata toriya i nitrata uranila. Ehtot protsess mozhet okazat'sya poleznym kak dlya

The Use Of {sup 15}N in the Study of Nitrogen Uptake and Metabolism in Plants; Primenenie azota-15 pri izuchenii vzaimodejstviya azotnykh udobrenij s pochvoj i usvoeniya ikh rasteniyami

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gyrbuchev, I.; Dinchev, D. [Institut Pochvovedenija Im.N. Pushkarova, Sofija (Bulgaria)

1968-07-01

Some forty years ago Mattson attempted to represent soil solutions as ionic states. Later on, he further developed his theory with the aid of the latest achievements in physical chemistry. In 1955 Schoffield applied chemical thermodynamics to make the interrelations between the solid and liquid phases of the soil even more precise. Nitrogen occupies a special position among the plant nutrients. The greatest success in nitrogen uptake and metabolism studies, however, has been achieved only recently after the development of isotope techniques. The study of nitrogen metabolism using isotope techniques has been carried out for some years at the N. Poushkarov Institute of Soil Science using optical methods of isotope detection. Certain of the results obtained recently point to the great opportunities offered by the use of the optical method. Greenhouse and field experiments were carried out with wheat, oats and lucerne. Ammonium sulphate with 11.50 at.%, {sup 15}N,andurea 5.55 at % were used as sources of nitrogen. Depending on the conditions, the nitrogen introduced with fertilizers was utilized by the plants in amounts ranging from 47 to 56% in the greenhouses, and from 38 to 45% m the field. It was established that the soil was the source of nearly half the nitrogen of the plants. Fertilized plants took up more of the soil nitrogen than the unfertilized plants. The nitrogen introduced into the soil was found in all fractions of the plants after 24 h and was in the non-protein organic nitrogen, constitution proteins, chlorophyll and reserve proteins of the plants. The highest amounts of {sup 15}N were found in the following free amino acids: arginine, histidine, lysine and the amide aspargine. In the bound amino acids, alanine, threonine, serine and glycine were highest in {sup 15}N. Phosphorus application increased the amounts of nitrogen in the amino acids. It was established that nitrogen turnover was greatest in chlorophyll and the constitution proteins. In the study of the quality of wheat grains, it has been shown that the highest amounts of nitrogen were found in the glutenins, followed by the fractions of residual nitrogen, prolamins and the water-soluble nitrogen compounds. The least amounts were found in the albumins and globulins. (author) [Russian] 40 let nazad Mattson pytalsja predstavit' pochvennye rastvory kak ionnye sostojanija. Pozdnee on razvil svoju teoriju, osnovyvajas' na poslednih dostizhenijah v oblasti fizicheskoj himii. V 1955 godu Shhoffild primenil himicheskuju termodinamiku dlja togo, chtoby eshhe bol'she utochnit' vzaimootnoshenija mezhdu tverdymi i zhidkimi fazami pochvy. Azot zanimaet osoboe mesto sredi pitatel'nyh veshhestv rastenij. Odnako naibol'shij uspeh v issledovanijah azotistogo pogloshhenija i metabolizma byl dostignut lish' nedavno posle razrabotki izotopnyh metodov. Issledovanie azotistogo metabolizma s pomoshh'ju izotopnyh metodov provodilos' v techenie neskol'kih let v Institute pochvovedenija im. N.Pushkarova s ispol'zovaniem opticheskih metodov obnaruzhenija izotopov. Nekotorye iz poluchennyh nedavno rezul'tatov ukazyvajut na ogromnye vozmozhnosti, kotorye otkryvajutsja v rezul'tate ispol'zovanija opticheskogo metoda. Jeksperimenty v teplichnyh i polevyh uslovijah provodilis' na pshenice, ovse i ljucerne. V kachestve istochnikov azota ispol'zovalis' sul'fat ammonija s 11,50 i mochevina s 5,55 atomnyh procentov {sup 15}N. V zavisimosti ot uslovij azot, vvodimyj s udobrenijami, ispol'zovalsja rastenijami v kolichestve ot 47 do 56% v teplicah i ot 38 do 45% - v polevyh uslovijah. Ustanovleno, chto pochva javljalas' istochnikom pochti poloviny azota v rastenijah. Udobrennye rastenija pogloshhali bol'she pochvennogo azota, chem neudobrennye. Azot, vvedennyj v pochvu, byl obnaruzhen vo vseh frakcijah rastenij spustja 24 chasa i soderzhalsja v nebelkovom organicheskom azote, konstitutivnyh belkah, hlorofille i rezervnyh belkah rastenij. Naibol'shee kolichestvo 15N bylo obnaruzheno v sledujushhih svobodnyh aminokislotah: arginine, gistidine, lizine i amidoasparagine. V svjazannyh aminokislotah - alanine, treonine, serine i glicine - soderzhalos' naibol'shee kolichestvo 15N. Primenenie fosfora uvelichivalo kolichestvo azota v aminokislotah. Ustanovleno, chto oborot azota byl samym bol'shim v hlorofille i konstitutivnyh belkah. Pri issledovanii kachestva pshenichnyh zeren bylo ustanovleno, chto naibol'shee kolichestvo azota bylo obnaruzheno v gljutenine, zatem vo frakcijah ostatochnogo azota, prolamina i vodorastvorimyh azotnyh soedinenijah. Naimen'shee kolichestvo bylo obnaruzheno v albumine i globuline.

Resonance absorption of nuclear gamma radiation; Absorption par resonance des rayons gamma; Rezonansnaya absorbtsiya i rasseyanie yadernogo gamma-izlucheniya; Absorcion por resonancia de las radiaciones gamma en los nucleos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hanna, S S; Perlow, G J [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States)

1962-01-15

radiacion do resonancia con y sin polarizacion. Estos estudios les han conducido a una interpretacion de la estructura hiperfina en funcion de las propiedades de los estados nucleares y de la interaccion hiperfina en el hierro. Tambien han investigado los efectos de un campo magnetico externo sobre la estructura hiperfina. Por otra parte, la absorcion por resonancia en el {sup 57}Fe permitio estudiar la relacion entre la cronologia de la desintegracion de im estado nuclear y el espectro de la radiacion observada. Se realizaron observaciones detalladas sobre el espectro de las radiaciones de resonancia filtradas, en funcion del tiempo, en condiciones muy diversas. (author) [Russian] Kak pokazal Messbauehr, ispuskanie i pogloshchenie yadernogo izlucheniya bez otdachi yadra obespechivaet prostoj metod izucheniya vzaimodejstviya yader s ehlektromagnitnym izlucheniem i, chto ochen' vazhno, yavlyaetsya chrezvychajno chuvstvitel'nym sredstvom issledovaniya bol'shogo kolichestva fizicheskikh zadach. V sluchae yader zheleza-57 sozdaetsya ves'ma blagopriyatnoe polozhenie, tak kak v ehtom sluchae rezonansnoe pogloshchenie mozhet ispol'zovat'sya v kachestve ochen' chuvstvitel'nogo detektora izmeneniya chastoty ehlektromagnitnogo izlucheniya. Detal'no izuchalos' rezonansnoe pogloshchenie v zheleze-57. Intensivnost' pogloshcheniya, forma i liniya sdviga nablyudalis' v zavisimosti ot temperatury. Polyarizatsiya radioaktivnogo izlucheniya nablyudalas' posredstvom ehksperimentov s namagnichennymi istochnikami i poglotitelyami. Sverkhtonkij spektr rezonansnoj radiatsii analizirovalsya s polyarizatsiej i bez nee. EHti issledovaniya priveli k tolkovaniyu sverkhtonkoj struktury v otnoshenii svojstv yadernykh sostoyanij i sverkhtonkogo vzaimodejstviya v zheleze. Bylo rassmotreno takzhe vliyanie vneshnego magnitnogo polya na sverkhtonkuyu strukturu. Rezonansnoe pogloshchenie v zheleze-57 bylo ispol'zovano dlya izucheniya svyazi mezhdu razvitiem raspada yadernogo sostoyaniya vo vremeni i spektrom

Interactions of {sub 82}Pb{sup 208} nuclei with energy 158 GeV per nucleon with photoemulsion nuclei; Vzaimodejstviya yader {sub 82}Pb{sup 208} s ehnergiej 158 Gev na nuklon s yadrami fotoehmul'sii

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adamovich, M I; Andreeva, N P; Bubnov, V I; Gajtinov, A Sh; Kanygina, Eh K; Musaeva, A K; Sejtimbetov, A M; Skorobagatova, V I; Filippova, L N; Chasnikov, I Ya [Fiziko-tekhnicheskij Inst. Ministerstava Nauki i Vysscego Obrazovaniya Respubliki Kazakhstan, Almaty (Kazakhstan)

1999-07-01

In this report there are experimental data on {sub 82}Pb{sup 208} nuclei (158 GeV) interaction with photoemulsion nuclei. The said data are compared to the similar ones for {sub 79}Au{sup 197} nuclei with less energy (10,7 A GeV). Stack of nuclear emulsion was irradiated with the beam of nuclei {sub 82}Pb{sup 208} at SPS of CERN. Events search was done along the primary nucleus trace. Pb nucleus average path length happened to be {lambda}=(3,8{+-}0,1) cm, this virtually coincides with the one calculated by Brandt and Peters formula (3,9 cm). Secondary particles were identified into s (storm), g (knock-on protons) and b- particles (target nucleus fragments), as well as into nucleus-bullet fragments with different charges (Z=1,2,{>=}3). This allowed obtaining event distribution by multiplicity of these particles (n{sub s}, n{sub g}, n{sub b}) and fragments (n{sub z=1,2,{>=}}{sub 3}), calculation of average values by multiplicity (see table), finding correlation of characteristics. >From the table it's clear that when the energy increases increases 2,5 times where as insignificantly decreases and doesn't change.

Continuous Calcination of High-Level Radioactive Wastes by Means of a Rotary-Ball Kiln; Calcination Continue de Dechets de Haute Activite dans un Four Rotatif a Billes; 041d 0415 041f 0420 0415 0420 042b 0412 041d 041e 0415 041a 0410 041b 042c 0426 0418 041d 0418 0420 041e 0412 0410 041d 0418 0415 0412 042b 0421 041e 041a 041e 0410 041a 0422 0418 0412 041d 042b 0425 041e 0422 0425 041e 0414 041e 0412 0412 041e 0412 0420 0410 0429 0410 042e 0429 0415 0419 0421 042f 0428 0410 0420 041e 0412 041e 0419 041f 0415 0427 0418 ; Calcinacion Continua de Desechos de Elevada Radiactividad en un Horno de Bolas Rotatorio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Regan, W. H.; Hatch, L. P.; Domish, R. F. [Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY (United States)

1963-02-15

giratorio para gases, a la vez que se exponen los resultados del funcionamiento de la instalacion piloto con una carga simulada de desechos inactivos de nitrato de aluminio. (author) [Russian] Kal'cinirovanie vodnyh othodov vysokoj aktivnosti s bol'shim soderzhaniem soli s cel'ju prevrashhenija osnovnyh solej v ustojchivyj tverdyj material predstavljaet znachitel'nye preimushhestva dlja okonchatel'nogo udalenija othodov- tak k k pozvoljaet znachitel'no sokratit' ob'em othodov i tem samym uprostit' ih dlitel'noe hranenie. Sredi othodov, obychno prednaznachaemyh dlja kal'ciniro. dnija, imejutsja othody, obrazujushhiesja pri vodnoj pererabotke teplovydeljajushhih jelementov iz aljuminievyh i cirkonievyh splavov, a takhe pri pererabotke teplovydeljajushhih jelementov s obolochkoj iz nerzhavejushhej stali ili snabzhennyh reshetkami iz nerzhavejushhej stali. Razlozhenie osnovnoj massy solej, soderzhashhihsja v othodah, a imenno - nitrata aljuminija, ftoristogo cirkonija i nitrata zheleza do ih sootvetstvujushhih sgoslov vydvigaet celyj rjad trudnyh tehnologicheskih problem. Bol'shej chast'ju jeti problemy voznikajut iz-za obrazovanija vysokoradioaktivnyh tverdyh chastic, mnogie iz kotoryh imejut ochen' malyj, inogda mikronnyj, razmer. Odin iz perspektivnyh vidov obzhigatel'noj pechi v Brukhejvenskoj nacional'noj laboratorii osnovan na principe vrashhajushhejsja sharovoj pechi. V osnovnom jeto ustrojstvo sostoit iz medlenno vrashhajushhejsja gorizontal'noj truby s naruzhnym jelektricheskim nagrevom. Ishodnyj rastvor vvoditsja v pech' pri pomoshhi raspredelitel'nogo sopla i popadaet na raskalennuju poverhnost' metallicheskih sharov, lezhashhih tonkim sloem; shary sposobstvujut peredache tepla i prepjatstvujut obrazovaniju, vo vremja kal'cinirovanija, krupnyh konglomeratov. Kal'cinirovannye tverdye veshhestva vysypajutsja iz vyhodnogo konca pechi v special'nyj priemnik. Konstrukcija pechk predusmatrivaet nepreryvnost' dejstvija, obespechivaet horoshuju peredachu tepla vnutr' i

Treatment of radiostrontium uptake in man; Traitement de la fixation de radiostrontium chez l'homme; Lechenie posledstvij pogloshcheniya radioaktivnogo strontsiya u cheloveka; Tratamiento de la radiotoxemla humana causada por absorcion de radioestroncio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volf, V. [Department of Ionizing Radiation Institute of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Disease, Prague, CSSR (Czech Republic)

1963-02-15

'autres possibilites de traitement de premiere urgence de la contamination interne aigue par le radiostrontium chez l'homme. (author) [Spanish] En experimentos de corta duracion realizados con ratas, se ha modificado la absorcion del radioestroncio a traves de la pared intestinal por tratamiento oral con sulfato barico y fosfato calcico normal. Por el contrario, ha permanecido inalterada la absorcion del ''9''0Sr administrado con el agua de bebida a ratas sometidas a un regimen que comprendia sulfato barico. De ello se deduce que esta sustancia solo puede ser de alguna utilidad en un tratamiento de primeros auxilios. En dos casos de ligera contaminacion interna consecutiva a la inhalacion accidental de nitrato de {sup 90}Sr se ha administrado suliato barico (Skiabaryum Spoia) por via oral a los 10 y 30 minutos de ocurrir la inhalacion. La eficacia de este tratamiento se ha verificado en experimentos realizados con ratas en las mismas condiciones en que se produjeron los accidentes. En fecha mas reciente, se han efectuado experimentos analogos en varios enfermos de cancer para estudiar otras posibilidades que ofrece el tratamiento de primeros auxilios, administrado a raiz de una contaminacion interna aguda causada por el radioestroncio en el organismo humano. (author) [Russian] V neprodolzhitel'nykh ehksperimentakh na krysakh izuchalos' izmenenie prokhozhdeniya radiostrontsiya cherez kishechnuyu stenku pod vliyaniem skarmlivaniya sernokislogo bariya i normal'nogo fosfornokislogo kal'tsiya. Odnako u krys, soderzhashchikhsya na diete, vklyuchayushchej sernokislyj barij, ne obnaruzheno izmenenij vsasyvaniya strontsiya-90, kotoryj zhivotnye poluchali s pit'evoj vodoj. Sdelan vyvod, chto ehto veshchestvo mozhet primenyat'sya lish' dlya okazaniya pervoj pomoshchi. V dvukh sluchayakh legkogo vnutrennego zarazheniya posle sluchajnogo vdykhaniya nitrata strontsiya-90 sernokislyj barij (Skiabarij Spofa) davalsya vnutr' cherez 10 i 30 minut posle vdykhaniya strontsiya-90. Ehivnoot' ehtogo

Measurements of Void Effects in the Zero-Power Critical Facility NORA; Mesures de l'Effet Cavitaire dans l'Ensemble Critique NORA de Puissance Zero; Izmerenie vliyaniya pustot v kriticheskoj ustanovke nulevoj moshchnosti NORA; DeterminaciOn de los Efectos de CavitaciOn en el Conjunto Critico NORA de Potencia Nula

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bryhn-Ingebrigtsen, K.; Eriksen, V. O.; Schatvet, J.; Ukkestad, A.; Wood, J. I.; Ofjord, K. [Kjeller Research Establishment (Norway)

1964-02-15

gruppami sterzhnej provedeny staticheski. Daetsya opisanie ehksperimental'nykh metodov vmeste s primerami ikh primeneniya dlya izmereniya vliyaniya pustoty edinichnogo sterzhnya, vzaimodejstviya sterzhnej s pustotami i vliyaniya polnost'yu pustotnoj aktivnoj zony. (author)

Neutron-Phonon Interaction Studies in Copper, Zinc and Magnesium Single Crystals; Etude des interactions neutron-phonon dans des monocristaux de cuivre, de zinc et de magnesium; Izuchenie vzaimodejstviya nejtronov i fononov v monokristallakh medi, ninki i magniya; Estudio de las interacciones neutron-fonon en monocristales de cobre, cinc y magnesio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maliszewski, E.; Sosnowski, J.; Blinowski, K.; Kozubowski, J.; Padlo, L.; Sledziewska, D. [Institute of Nuclear Research, Warsaw (Poland)

1963-01-15

The phonon dispersion relations in copper single crystals has been studied by means of a triple-axis crystal neutron spectrometer. In the [100] direction the transversal branch, not reported in the papers of Cabie and Jacrot, has been found. This branch fits well to the recent data of sound velocity; however, it differs partly from the X-ray results of Jacobsen. For the longitudinal branch in the [100] direction the dispersion curve obtained by Cribier and Jacrot is lying well above the Jacobsen's curve, and the experimental points reported in the present paper support the results of Cribier and Jacrot. The phonon dispersion relations in zinc and magnesium single crystals has been studied using the cold neutron method and by means of a triple-axis crystal neutron spectrometer as well. The scattering surfaces in the [1010] plane were traced, the AT and AL branches found and the phonon dispersion relations in the [001] and [010] directions obtained. The results have been compared with those obtained by Johnson with X-rays. In the [001] direction the present results fit well lo Johnson's foe the AL branch. In the [010] direction for the AT branch a large discrepancy has been found between Johnson's and the present results. Some explanation of this discrepancy is given. Similar measurements in the same directions in magnesium single crystals are under way and will be reported. (author) [French] Les auteurs ont etudie les relations de dispersion des phonons dans des monocristaux de cuivre, au moyen d'un spectrometre neutronique a cristal triaxe. Ils ont trouve, dans la direction [100] , la branche transversale que n'ont pas signalee Cribier et Jacrot dans leurs travaux. Cette branche s'adapce bien aux donnees recentes relatives a la vitesse du son, mais elle differe partiellement de celles qui ont ete obtenues par Jacobsen pour les rayons X . En ce qui concerne la branche longitudinale dans la direction [100] , la courbe de dispersion obtenue par Cribier et Jacrot se trouve nettement au-dessus de la courbe de Jacobsen et les points experimentaux signales dans le present memoire confirment les resultats de Cribier er de Jacrot. Les relations de dispersion des phonons dans des monocristaux de zinc et de magnesium ont ete etudiees a l'aide de la methode des neutrons froids et d'un spectrometre neutronique a cristal triaxe, Les auteurs ont trace les surfaces de diffusion dans le plan [1010], trouve les branches AT et AL ainsi que les relations de dispersion des phonons dans les directions [001] et [010] . Us ont compare ces resultats a ceux qu'a obtenus Johnson avec des rayons X . Dans la direction [001] , les resultats s'adaptent bien a la courbe de Johnson en ce qui concerne la branche AL. Dans la direction [010] , pour la branche AT, les auteurs observent un grand ecart entre leurs resultats et ceux de Johnson. 11s en donnent une explication. Ils decrivent des mesures semblables faites a l'heure actuelle dans les memes directions, dans des monocristaux de magnesium. (author) [Spanish] Los autores han estudiado las relaciones de dispersion de fonones en monocristales de cobre con ayuda de un espectrometro neutronico triaxial. En la direccion 100 han observado la rama transversal, no mencionada en las memorias de Cribier y Jacrot. Esta rama concuerda satisfactoriamente con los datos recientes relativos a la velocidad del sonido, pero difiere en parte de los resultados roentgenograncos obtenidos por Jacobsen. En cuanto a la rama longitudinal en la direccion 100, la curva de dispersion obtenida por Cribier y Jacrot se encuentra netamente por encima de la curva de Jacobsen y los puntos experimentales a que se refiere la presente memoria connrman los resultados de Cribier y Jacrot. Los autores han estudiado las relaciones de dispersion de fonones en monocristales de cinc y magnesio por el procedimiento de los neutrones frios, utilizando ademas un espectrometro neutronico triaxial. Han determinado las superficies de dispersion en el plano 1010. observado las ramas AT y AL y obtenido las relacio- nes de dispersion de fonones en las direcciones 001 y 010 .Han comparado esos resultado? con los datos roentgenograneos por Johnson. En la direccion 001, los resultados de los autores concuerdan satisfactoriamente con los obtenidos por Johnson para la rama AL. En la direccion 010 han observado en el caso de la rama AT una discrepancia considerable entre los resultados de Johnson y los propios. Los autores explican parcialmente dicha discrepancia; en la actualidad estan efectuando mediciones analogas en las mismas direcciones en monocristales de magnesio, y presentaran datos al respecto. (author)

Methods of Particle Detection in Free Neutron Decay; Methode de detection des particules dans une desintegration de neutrons libres; Metod obnaruzheniya chastits pri raspade svobodnogo nejtrona; Metodo para la deteccion de particulas en la desintegracion de neutrones libres

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Novey, T B [Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL (United States)

1960-06-15

aboutir a un multiplicateur ordinaire a 10 etages et ses chicanes d'entree pour resolution angulaire. 4. Le systeme electronique qui isole dans les detecteurs les impulsions venant des detecteurs et ayant les caracteristiques voulues de frequence, de retard relatif et d'amplitude et permet ainsi d'identifier la des- integration d'un neutron. (author) [Spanish] En el Laboratorio de Argonne se ha llevado a cabo recientemente una serie de estudios experimentales sobre la desintegracion de neutrones polarizados, con el fin de elucidar las modalidades de la interaccion nuclear a bajas energias. Estos estudios han consistido en mediciones de la distribucion angular de electrones y protones con respecto al sentido del spin de los neutrones libres que sufren la desintegracion. Los componentes fundamentales del aparato que el autor describe en la memoria son: 1. Un espejo de hierro y cobalto, de un metro, que selecciona un haz de neutrones altamente polarizados y permite determinar el grado de polarizacion aplicando distintos procedimientos . 2. El detector de electrones, consistente en un mosaico de cristales de antraceno de 10 cm de diametro y 6 mm de espesor, y en un dispositivo de canalizacion luminosa. 3. El detector de protones, formado por un sistema multiplicador de electrones de 14 etapas, la primera de las cuales con una abertura de 15x15 cm, que va disminuyendo en cuatro pasos hasta una estructura multiplicadora usual de 10 etapas, y sus deflectores de entrada para lograr la resolucion angular. 4. El sistema electronico que selecciona los impulsos que, al ser adecuados los intervalos con que se suceden, su defasaje en tiempo y su amplitud, hacen posible la identificacion de una desintegracion neutronica. (author) [Russian] Nedavno Argonnskoj gruppoj byl zavershen ryad ehksperimental'nykh issledovanij po raspadu polyarizovannykh nejtronov s tem, chtoby prolit'svet na strukturu slabogo yadernogo vzaimodejstviya. EHti issledovaniya nosili formu izmereniya uglovykh

A critical summary of microscopic fast-neutron interactions with reactor structural, fissile and fertile materials; Apercu critique des interactions microscopiques des neutrons rapides avec les materiaux de construction et les matieres fissiles et fertiles utilisees dans les reacteurs; Kriticheskij obzor mikroskopicheskog o vzaimodejstviya bystrykh nejtronov s konstruktsionnymi, rasshcheplyayushchimis ya i vosproizvodyashchim i reaktornymi materialami; Resumen critico de las interacciones microscopicas de los neutrones rapidos con los materiales estructurales fisionables y fertiles utilizados en los reactores

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Smith, A B [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States)

1962-03-15

Prevailing knowledge of fast-neutron-induced reactions utilized in the nuclear design of reactor systems is reviewed. Principal emphasis is placed upon microscopic experimental methods, results and precisions. Fast-neutron scattering is considered in detail, including the results of experimental determinations of scattering from oxygen, iron, zirconium, niobium, tungsten, thorium and uranium. Representative results of experimental studies of fast-neutron capture and fast-neutron-induced fission are given. The measurements discussed not only provide results of considerable applied usefulness but axe also examples of the application of advanced experimental nuclear techniques. Areas of limited, conflicting or non-existent experimental information are outlined. A prognosis of future knowledge of fast-neutron reactions is made, with emphasis on the fulfillment of reactor requirements for basic nuclear data. (author) [French] L'auteur fait le point des connaissances sur les reactions provoquees par les neutrons rapides sur lesquelles on tend a fonder les projets de reacteurs. Il met en relief les methodes, les resultats et la precision de mesures experimentales a l'echelle microscopique. Il etudie en detail la diffusion des neutrons rapides, et donne les resultats de mesures experimentales de diffusion dans l'oxygene, le fer, le zirconium, le niobium, le tungstene, le thorium et l'uranium. Il donne les resultats les plus significatifs d'etudes experimentales sur la capture des neutrons rapides et sur la fission provoquee par des neutrons rapides. Les mesures etudiees, non seulement fournissent des renseignements d'une utilite pratique considerable, mais aussi constituent des exemples de l'application de techniques experimentales nucleaires a la pointe du progres. L'auteur indique les domaines ou les donnees experimentales sont limitees, contradictoires ou inexistantes. Il se livre a des pronostics sur le developpement des connaissances experimentales en matiere de reactions provoquees par des neutrons rapides, en insistant sur les conditions que doivent remplir, dans les reacteurs, les donnees nucleaires fondamentales. (author) [Spanish] El autor examina el estado actual de los conocimientos acerca de las reacciones inducidas por los neutrones rapidos que se utilizan en el proyecto de reactores nucleares. Estudia con particular atencion los metodos experimentales microscopicos, sus resultados y la precision de los mismos. Considera con detalle la dispersion de los neutrones rapidos, y da los resultados de mediciones experimentales de la dispersion en el caso del oxigeno, hierro, zirconio, niobio, wolframio, torio y uranio. Expone los resultados mas significativos de los estudios experimentales de la captura de neutrones rapidos y de la fision inducida por los mismos. Las mediciones estudiadas no solo conducen a resultados de gran utilidad practica, sino que sirven como ejemplos de la aplicacion de las tecnicas nucleares experimentales mas modernas. El autor indica los terrenos en que la informacion experimental es limitada, contradictoria o inexistente. Por ultimo, formula previsiones sobre el desarrollo de los conocimientos relativos a las reacciones de los neutrones rapidos, subrayando lo referente al cumplimiento de las condiciones necesarias para que el reactor proporcione datos nucleares basicos. (author) [Russian] V doklade rassmatrivaetsya primenenie shiroko rasprostranenny kh znanij o reaktsiyakh, vyzyvaemykh bystrymi nejtronami v yadernykh proektakh reaktornykh sistem. Osnovnoe znachenie pridaetsya mikroskopicheski m ehksperimental'ny m metodam, rezul'tatam i tochnosti. Podrobno rassmatrivaetsya rasseyanie bystrykh nejtronov, vklyuchaya rezul'taty ehksperimental'nogo opredeleniya rasseyaniya na kislorode, zheleze, tsirkonii, niobii, vol'frame, torii i urane. Privodyatsya dannye, poluchennye v rezul'tate ehksperimental'ny kh issledovanij zakhvata bystrykh nejtronov i deleniya, vyzvannogo nejtronami. Izmereniya, privedennye v doklade, ne tol'ko mogut byt' primeneny s bol'shoj pol'zoj, no i sami yavlyayutsya primerom primeneniya peredovoj ehksperimental'no j yadernoj tekhniki. Ukazyvayutsya oblasti, v kotorykh ehksperimental'ny e dannye libo nedostatochny, libo protivorechivy, libo voobshche otsutstvuyut. Delaetsya prognoz v otnoshenii budushchikh znanij o reaktsiyakh na bystrykh nejtronakh i podcherkivaetsya neobkhodimost' vypolneniya reaktornykh trebovanij dlya polucheniya osnovnykh yadernykh dannykh. (author)

Recent Advances in Low-Level Scintillation Counting of Tritium; Progres recents dans le comptage a scintillations de faibles teneurs en tritium; Poslednie dostizheniya v oblasti stsintillyatsionnogo scheta tritiya nizkogo urovnya; Progresos recientes en el recuento por centelleo de bajas concentraciones de tritio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaufman, W J; Nir, A; Parks, G; Hours, R M [University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

1962-01-15

obnaruzheno, chto vnutrennij istochnik kobal'ta-57 dostatochno khorosho kontroliruet ehffektivnost' scheta tritiya v predelakh ot 2 do 7% so standartnym otkloneniem v 0,1%. Po sravneniyu s predydushchimi metodami ehtot sposob imeet to preimushchestvo, chto pozvolyaet bystro opredelit' ehffektivnost' bez izmeneniya obraztsa. Dlya otsenki znacheniya lyuministsentnogo vzaimodejstviya i kosmicheskoj radiatsii bylo issledovano umen'shenie fona. Pri ehtom byl ispol'zovan s plastikovoj obolochkoj ehkran antisovpadeniya. Bylo takzhe izucheno dolgosrochnoe vliyanie iznosa obraztsa i drejfa schetnogo oborudovaniya na stabil'nost' sistemy. (author)

Measurement of resonance parameters of cross-sections affecting fast-neutron propagation in various media; Mesure des parametres de resonance de sections efficaces lies a la propagation des neutrons dans differents milieux; Izmerenie parametrov rezonansnoj struktury sechenij, vliyayushchikh na rasprostranenie bystrykh nejtronov v sredakh; Medicion de los parametros de resonancia de las secciones eficaces que afectan a la propagacion de los neutrones rapidos en distintos medios

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nikolaev, M N; Filippov, V V; Bondarenko, I I [Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian Federation)

1962-03-15

, prostiraetsya vplot' do neskol'kikh desyatkov kehv dlya tyazhelykh yader i do neskol'kikh Mehv dlya yader srednego vesa. Dlya ucheta rezonansnykh ehffektov pri vychislenii gruppovykh parametrov neobkhodimo znat' ne tol'ko srednie secheniya vzaimodejstviya nejtronov s veshchestvami, no i takie velichiny, kak (1/{Sigma}{sub t}), (1/{Sigma}{sub t}{sup 2}) i drugie - skobki oznachayut usrednenie po ehnergeticheskoj gruppe. Imeyushchiesya v nastoyashchee vremya svedeniya o rezonansnykh parametrakh v oblasti bystrykh nejtronov nedostatochny dlya togo, chtoby ukazannye velichiny mogli byt' vychisleny s neobkhodimoj tochnost'yu. V svyazi s ehtim predstavlyaet interes neposredstvenno e izmerenie velichin (1/{Sigma}{sub t}), (1/{Sigma}{sub t}{sup 2}) i drugikh analogichnykh kharakteristik. V doklade privodyatsya rezul'taty izmerenij ryada parametrov takikh kak ({Sigma}{sub t}), ({Sigma}{sub t}{sup 2}), (1/{Sigma}{sub t}), (1/{Sigma}{sub t}{sup 2}), (1/{Sigma}{sub t}{sup 3}) i drugie, kharakterizuyushchi kh strukturu sechenij ryada yader srednego vesa v oblasti ot 300 kehv do 3 Mehv. Ukazannye velichiny byli polucheny putem analiza krivykh propuskaniya, snyatykh v khoroshej geometrii vplot' do propuskanij {approx}10{sup -2}. Poluchennye dannye ukazyvayut na sil'noe vliyanie rezonansnykh ehffektov na diffuzionnye kharakteristiki veshchestva. (author)