PERANAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DALAM PEMULIAAN IKAN

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Anang Hari Kristanto

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Kegiatan pemuliaan ikan selain dipengaruhi oleh genetik, juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. Walaupun faktor ini tidak diwariskan kepada generasi berikutnya, tetapi mempengaruhi fenotif suatu individu atau populasi ikan yang akan dibudidayakan, karena faktor lingkungan yang buruk akan menutup potensi genetik dari individu atau populasi tersebut. Aspek lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap pemuliaan tersebut adalah padat tebar dan mortalitas; umur, suhu, dan kualitas air; sifat biologi dan fisiologi; maternal efek; kecondongan, dan cara pemberian pakan; kompensasi pertumbuhan; dan pemeliharaan komunal (bersama. Usaha pemuliaan dan budi daya perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor ling-kungan.

Clinical studies on the radioimmunodetection of tumors containing alpha-fetoprotein

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldenberg, D.M.; Kim, E.E.; Deland, F.; Spremulli, E.; Nelson, M.O.; Gockerman, J.P.; Primus, F.J.; Corgan, R.L.; Alpert, E.

1980-01-01

This study reports the use of radiolabeled antibodies to alpha-fetoprotein for the detection and localization of hepatocellular and germ cell carcinomas. Twelve patients with histories of histologically-confirmed neoplasia received a total dose between 1.0 and 4.4 mCi of 131 I-labeled goat IgG prepared against human alpha-fetoprotein. Total-body photoscans were taken with a gamma scintillation camera at various intervals after injection of the radioactive antibody. Computer subtraction of radioactive technetium background images from the antibody 131 I scans permitted the visualization of all tumor sites known to be present in 4 patients with either primary hepatocellular cancer or metastatic germ cell carcinoma of the testis. Among 8 patients with diverse neoplasms not believed to contain alpha-fetoprotein, 5 of 19 tumor sites showed radioactive antibody accretion, although significantly less than in the patients with liver or testicular cancer. This investigation indicates that alpha-fetoprotein-containing tumors can be detected and localized in vivo by the method of radioimmunodetection

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENDORONG WISATAWAN MELAKUKAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TIKET PESAWAT MELALUI MOBILE BOOKING PADA SITUS TRAVELOKA.COM

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Erni Muliana

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Pembelian kebutuhan perjalanan wisata secara online merupakan bagian dari transaksi business to-customer (B2C. Produk yang ditawarkan biasanya terdiri dari: pemesanan paket wisata, penjualan tiket pesawat dan kereta api, kamar hotel dan penyewaan transportasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendorong wisatawan melakukan keputusan pembelian tiket pesawat melalui mobile booking pada situs Traveloka.com serta faktor yang paling banyak berkontribusi dalam menentukan keputusan pembelian tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner online dan kuesioner yang disebarkan secara langsung (offline kepada 250 responden, penentuan responden ditetapaka menggunakn metode purposive sampling, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis faktor. Hasil analisis faktor yang didapatakan menjelaskan 67,066% dari keseluruhan total variance, dan hasil analisis data menunjukkan empat faktor terbentuk yang mendorong wisatawan melakukan keputusan pembelian tiket pesawat melalui mobile booking pada situs Traveloka.com, yaitu: kemudahan dan sistem informasi website (24,396 %, pelayanan konsumen/customer service (15,211%, citra perusahaan (14,681 %, dan motivasi pembelian (12,779%, adapun faktor yang paling berkontribusi dalam mendorong wisatawan melakukan keputusan pembelian tiket pesawat melalui mobile booking pada situs Traveloka.com adalah faktor terbentuk yang memiliki faktor laoding tertinggi dari keseluruhan faktor yang terbentuk, yaitu faktor “Kemudahan dan Sistem Informasi Website”, faktor ini terdiri dari 13 variabel yakni: (1 Kemudahan pencarian situs web, (2 kecepatan waktu mengakses (load time, (3 nama domain perusahaan, (4 kemudahan pemesanan, (5 Informasi yang lengkap, (6 Informasi yang akurat, (7 Informasi yang menarik, (8 Pemaparan informasi yang tepat, (9 Ketersediaan dan aksesibilitas, (10 Harga yang kompetitif, (11 Pengalaman secara keseluruhan, (12 Keamanan data

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AKTIVITAS KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI KOTA SURABAYA DAN KOTA DENPASAR HASIL GEM 2013

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Yogo Aryo Jatmiko

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi aktivitas kewirausahaan di kota Surabaya dan kota Denpasar berdasarkan faktor-faktor: knowledge of other entrepeneurs, perception of opportunities, perception of self-capabilities dan fear failure dengan variabel jenis kelamin (gender sebagai variabel kontrol. Data yang digunakan adalah data dari global entrepeneurship monitor (GEM. Dalam studi ini, data yang digunakan adalah data cross-sectional untuk survei tahun 2013, baik untuk kota Surabaya maupun kota Denpasar. Model yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik sequential untuk memprediksi keterlibatan faktor dengan aktivitas kewirausahaan. Kota Surabaya tidak signifikan dipengaruhi oleh knowledge of other entrepeneurs. Untuk kota Denpasar, variabel perception of self-capabilities dan fear to fail tidak signifikan mempengaruhi aktivitas kewirausahaan di kota Denpasar. Variabel gender berpengaruh secara signifikan di kota Surabaya, tetapi tidak di kota Denpasar.

Inhibition of the release of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors in experimental endotoxemia by an anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jansen, J.; van der Poll, T.; Levi, M. [=Marcel M.; ten Cate, H.; Gallati, H.; ten Cate, J. W.; van Deventer, S. J.

1995-01-01

The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the shedding of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors in endotoxemia was investigated. The appearance of the soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors was assessed in four healthy volunteers following an intravenous injection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Staging of primary head and neck tumors and detection of recurrences; Staging und Rezidivdiagnostik von Tumoren im Kopf-Hals-Bereich

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adams, S. [Klinikum der Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, Marienhospital, Herne (Germany). Klinik fuer Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin; Baum, R.P. [Zentralklinik Bad Berka (Germany). Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin/PET-Zentrum; Knecht, R. [Frankfurt Univ., Frankfurt am Main (Germany). Zentrum fuer Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde; Hoer, G. [Frankfurt Univ., Frankfurt/Main (Germany). Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin

2001-04-01

Squamous cell carcinomas represent the vast majority of all malignant tumors of the head and neck region. Lymph node involvement is the most important prognostic factor affecting survival of patients with head and neck cancer. The effectiveness of surgical treatment depends on the complete excision of all tumor tissue and an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging is therefore mandatory. In comparison to positron emission tomography with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG PET), morphological imaging modalities (CT, MRI) have been applied for the localization of primary head and neck tumors because of their better anatomical resolution. Metabolic tumor imaging using FDG PET is superior to morphological imaging by CT and MRI in the detection of small cervical lymph node metastases (Class 1a indication). Increased FDG utpake has also been observed in benign inflammatory lesions after radiation therapy, therefore detection of local recurrence with FDG PET can be problematic. To ensure a high diagnostic accuracy it is been suggested to perform FDG PET not earlier than 3 months after radiation therapy (Class 1a indication for the diagnosis of local recurrence). (orig.) [German] Plattenepithelkarzinome stellen mit 90% den ueberwiegenden Anteil von malignen Tumoren des Kopf-Hals-Bereiches dar. Ein wesentlicher prognostischer Faktor ist das Vorhandensein von Lymphknotenmetastasen. Die Entscheidung ueber das richtige therapeutische Vorgehen ist von der genauen Festlegung des primaeren Tumorstadiums abhaengig. Die Positronenemissionstomographie (PET) unter Verwendung von {sup 18}F-markierter 2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glukose (FDG) ist fuer das T-Staging gegenueber den morphologisch orientierten Verfahren (CT, MRT) im allgemeinen ohne klinischen Nutzen. Als funktionsorientiertes Verfahren ist die FDG-PET bei der Diagnostik von Lymphknotenmetastasen den anatomisch orientierten Untersuchungsverfahren ueberlegen (Klasse-1a-Indikation), da sie nicht alleine

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI NIAT MEMBELI MAKANAN KEMASAN BERLABEL HALAL LPPOM-MUI

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Maghfiroh Maghfiroh

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Niat Membeli Makanan Kemasan Berlabel Halal LPPOM-MUI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor personal, faktor sosial, faktor informasi dan sikap terhadap niat membeli produk makanan kemasan berlabel halal LPPOM-MUI pada mahasiswa nonmuslim UNY baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kausal asosiatif yang meneliti pengaruh hubungan variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa S-1 nonmuslim di UNY tahun 2011-2014. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 92 mahasiswa dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket, analisis data mengunakan metode regresi probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 4 variabel bebas terdapat 3 variabel yang tidak berpengaruh. Variabel yang tidak berpengaruh tersebut yaitu variabel faktor personal, sosial, informasi sedangkan variabel yang berpengaruh yaitu variabel sikap. Secara simultan terdapat pengaruh faktor personal, sosial, informasi dan sikap terhadap niat membeli makanan kemasan berlabel halal LPPOM-MUI pada mahasiswa nonmuslim UNY. Kata kunci: niat membeli, personal, sosial, informasi, sikap Abstract: The Determinants of Intention to Buy Labeled Halal Foods By LPPOM-MUI. This study aims to investigate the effect of personal, social, information factors and attitudes on the intention to buy packed labeled halal food products by LPPOM-MUI among non-Muslim students of Yogyakarta State University. This was an associate causal study investigating the effects of independent variables on a dependent variable. The sample, consisting of 92 students was selected by means of the purposive sampling technique. The data were collected through a questionnaire and were analyzed using the probit regression method. The results showed of four independent variables, three of them had no effect on independent variable. Those three variables were personal, social, and information

Tumor cell alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity and its involvement in GcMAF-related macrophage activation.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohamad, Saharuddin B; Nagasawa, Hideko; Uto, Yoshihiro; Hori, Hitoshi

2002-05-01

Alpha-N-acetyl galactosaminidase (alpha-NaGalase) has been reported to accumulate in serum of cancer patients and be responsible for deglycosylation of Gc protein, which is a precursor of GcMAF-mediated macrophage activation cascade, finally leading to immunosuppression in advanced cancer patients. We studied the biochemical characterization of alpha-NaGalase from several human tumor cell lines. We also examined its effect on the potency of GcMAF to activate mouse peritoneal macrophage to produce superoxide in GcMAF-mediated macrophage activation cascade. The specific activity of alpha-NaGalases from human colon tumor cell line HCT116, human hepatoma cell line HepG2, and normal human liver cells (Chang liver cell line) were evaluated using two types of substrates; GalNAc-alpha-PNP (exo-type substrate) and Gal-beta-GalNAc-alpha-PNP (endo-type substrate). Tumor-derived alpha-NaGalase having higher activity than normal alpha-NaGalase, had higher substrate specificity to the exo-type substrate than to the endo-type substrate, and still maintained its activity at pH 7. GcMAF enhance superoxide production in mouse macrophage, and pre-treatment of GcMAF with tumor cell lysate reduce the activity. We conclude that tumor-derived alpha-NaGalase is different in biochemical characterization compared to normal alpha-NaGalase from normal Chang liver cells. In addition, tumor cell-derived alpha-NaGalase decreases the potency of GcMAF on macrophage activation.

Faktor-Faktor Hambatan Profesionalisasi Guru BK di SMA Negeri se- Kota Purwokerto

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Cahya Dewi Rizkiwati

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan tentang faktor-faktor hambatan yang terjadi dalam profesionalisasi guru BK. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri se-Kota Purwokerto. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian populasi atau sensus karena populasi guru BK berjumlah 25 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  inventori dalam bentuk daftar cek masalah. Instrumen tersebut telah diuji validitasnya menggunakan rumus point biserial, sedangkan reliabilitas instrumen digunakan rumus KR-20. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik deskriptif prosentase. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan hambatan yang berasal dari faktor internal mendapat prosentase lebih tinggi daripada faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yang paling mempengaruhi profesionalisasi guru BK antara lain latar belakang pendidikan, pengalaman kerja, motivasi kerja, kompetensi guru BK. Sedangkan faktor eksternal yang paling mempengaruhi profesionalisasi guru BK adalah sarana dan prasarana. The purpose of this research is to describe problems  occur in the professionalization of guidance and counseling teachers. The type of the research is survey research . This research was conducted in all of Senior High School in Purwokerto. Population research or census were used as sampling method, since  the population of guidance and counseling teachers were 25 people. Data collection technique was  using inventory with list of issues. The instrument validity has been tested using point biserial formula, whilst its reliability was tested using KR-20 formula. The data was analyzed using descriptive percentage techniques. The results of this research indicate that internal factors get higher percentage than external factors. Internal factors that have the most influence in the professionalization of guidance and counseling teachers include educational background, working experience , motivation, teacher�

ANALISIS RESPON KONSUMEN TERHADAP FAKTOR-FAKTOR MARKETING MIX DALAM PEMBELIAN PRODUKLUWAK WHITE KOFFIE DI PASAR SWALAYAN KOTA SURAKARTA

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Yesi Krista Karnasih

2014-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor marketing mix dan variabel-variabel yang dominan dipertimbangkan konsumen dalam membeli produk Luwak White Koffie instan di pasar swalayan Kota Surakarta serta posisi produk Luwak White Koffie terhadap produk pesaing. Metode dasar dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan teknik survei. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah  judgment sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan antara lain analisis faktor dan perceptual map. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil analisis faktor menunjukkan bahwa ada 4 faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan konsumen dalam memutuskan pembelian luwak white koffie yaitu faktor produk, faktor aroma dan rasa, faktor tempat, dan faktor promosi. Variabel-variabel yang dominan dipertimbangkan konsumen adalah variabel merek pada faktor produk, variabel rasa pada faktor aroma dan rasa, variabel penataan di swalayan pada faktor tempat dan variabel tampilan iklan pada faktor promosi. Posisi produk Luwak White Koffie instan dibandingkan dengan produk pesaing melalui perceptual map menempati posisi unggul untuk atribut merek, rasa, kecepatan alir, isi pesan iklan, dan tampilan iklan. ABSTRACTThis research aims to determine the marketing mix factors and dominant variables which considered by consumers into buying  instant Luwak White Koffie at supermarket in Surakarta City and Luwak White Koffie product position against competitor products. The basic method in this study was analytical descriptive with survey techniques. Location research determined purposively. The sampling method used was judgment sampling. Data analysis methods used include factor analysis and perceptual map. The data used is primary data and secondary data. The results of factor analysis showed that there are four factors that are considered by consumers to buy products Luwak White Koffie instant

Faktor – Faktor Penyabab Pekerjaan Ulang (Rework) Pada Proyek Gedung Di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Berdasarkan Persepsi Kontraktor

OpenAIRE

SARTIKA, YUNI; HIDAYAT, ARIFAL; SIBARANI, ARIE S

2013-01-01

Rework atau pekerjaan ulang sudah tidak asing dalam dunia konstruksi. Pada setiap pelaksanaan proyekberkemungkinan munculnya rework yang dapat menyebabkan terhambatnya pekerjaan dan pembengkakan biaya proyek. Faktor rework dari aspek desain dan dokumentasi merupakan faktor yang besar pengaruhnya terhadap pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi karena faktor desain merupakan langkah pertama sebelum pelaksanaan suatu proyekkonstruksi gedung

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESULITAN BELAJAR IPS TERPADU KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI 1 PLANTUNGAN KABUPATEN KENDAL

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Lina Maftukhah,

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Kesulitan belajar dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor, baik faktor intern maupun faktor ekstern. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dari data nilai UAS IPS Terpadu sebagian besar siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Plantungan mendapat nilai rendah dan menyebabkan tidak lulus KKM. Hal ini dapat dijadikan indikasi bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar IPS Terpadu. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah apa saja faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu Siswa Kelas VII dan faktor apakah yang lebih dominan mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Plantungan Kabupaten Kendal Tahun Ajaran 2011/2012. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu dan faktor apakah yang lebih dominan mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP N egeri 1 Plantungan Kabupaten Kendal. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII sebanyak 131 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara proposional claster random sampling dan didapat sampel sebanyak 100 siswa. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar IPS Terpadu kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Plantungan Kabupaten Kendal. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor dan deskriptif persentase. Berdasarkan analisis faktor terdapat 5 komponen yang akan membentuk 5 faktor baru. Adapun tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa dari 5 faktor baru berdasarkan uji Deskripsi Persentase sebagai berikut : (a kemampuan siswa 61,55%, (b kemampuan guru 66,75%, (c sarana penunjang 77,00%, (d dukungan sekolah 72,67%, (e dukungan keluarga 62,00%. Dari kelima faktor yang ada, faktor kemampuan siswa merupakan pengaruh yang paling dominan dengan koefisien varian sebesar 61,55% dengan kategori menghambat

Expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha after focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buttini, M; Appel, K; Sauter, A; GebickeHaerter, PJ; Boddeke, HWGM

Induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha was studied in the brain of rats after focal cerebral ischaemia by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Using a specific antisense riboprobe for in situ hybridization histochemistry, cells positive for tumor necrosis factor alpha messenger RNA were

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESIAPAN KERJA SISWA KELAS XI ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN SMK N 1 PEMALANG

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Karina Ajeng Softi,

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Tujuan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan ialah menghasilkan lulusan yang siap kerja dan dapat mengembangkan sikap profesional. Namun, lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan belum seluruhnya dapat terjun dalam dunia kerja. Pemasalahan dalam skripsi ini yaitu faktor-faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi kesiapan kerja (studi kasus pada siswa kelas XI program keahlian administrasi perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Pemalang dan faktor apa yang paling dominan pada siswa kelas XI program keahlian administrasi perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Pemalang. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor kesiapan kerja dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor kesiapan kerja yang dominan. yang dialami siswa kelas XI program keahlian administrasi perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Pemalang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 18 variabel mereduksi menjadi 17 variabel yang mengelompok menjadi 3 (tiga faktor yaitu : 1 Potensi yang dimiliki oleh anak/siswa memberikan kontribusi sebesar 45,621% terhadap kesiapan kerja, variabel pembentuk antara lain: variabel Motivasi Belajar, Kondisi Ekonomi Keluarga, Ekspektasi Masuk Dunia Kerja, Pengetahuan dan Wawasan, Kecerdasan, Sikap, Sifat-sifat Pribadi. 2 Faktor Kepribadian Siswa memberikan kontribusi sebesar 13,654% terhadap kesiapan kerja, variabel pembentuk antara lain: variabel Kondisi Fisik, mental, dan emosional, Kebutuhan, motif dan tujuan, Kecakapan, Bakat, Minat, Nilai-nilai Kehidupan. 3 Faktor Sekolah dan On The Job Trainning (OJT memberikan kontribusi sebesar 8,419% terhadap kesiapan kerja, variabel pembentuk antara lain: variabel Pengalaman Praktik Luar/Magang, Bimbingan Vokasional, Prestasi Belajar sebelumnya, Informasi Perkerjaan. Ketiga faktor tersebut memberikan kontribusi sebesar 67,69% terhadap kesiapan kerja dan selebihnya sebesar 32.31% dijelaskan oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Faktor kesiapan kerja yang dominan yaitu Faktor Potensi yang dimiliki oleh siswa dilihat dari besarnya kontribusi yang

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI POLA KONSUMSI MAHASISWA INDEKOS DI KOTA MAKASSAR

OpenAIRE

KAROMA, AGUSTINA RESI

2013-01-01

2013 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumsi mahasiswa indekos di Kota Makassar. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari kuisioner (primer) dan beberapa observasi serta wawancara langsung dengan pihak yang terkait yaitu kepada mahasiswa yang tinggal di rumah kos di wilayah Kota Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai R square adalah sebesar 0,827 yang berarti bahwa 82,7 % konsumsi mahasis...

Selective alpha-particle mediated depletion of tumor vasculature with vascular normalization.

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Jaspreet Singh Jaggi

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Abnormal regulation of angiogenesis in tumors results in the formation of vessels that are necessary for tumor growth, but compromised in structure and function. Abnormal tumor vasculature impairs oxygen and drug delivery and results in radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance, respectively. Alpha particles are extraordinarily potent, short-ranged radiations with geometry uniquely suitable for selectively killing neovasculature.Actinium-225 ((225Ac-E4G10, an alpha-emitting antibody construct reactive with the unengaged form of vascular endothelial cadherin, is capable of potent, selective killing of tumor neovascular endothelium and late endothelial progenitors in bone-marrow and blood. No specific normal-tissue uptake of E4G10 was seen by imaging or post-mortem biodistribution studies in mice. In a mouse-model of prostatic carcinoma, (225Ac-E4G10 treatment resulted in inhibition of tumor growth, lower serum prostate specific antigen level and markedly prolonged survival, which was further enhanced by subsequent administration of paclitaxel. Immunohistochemistry revealed lower vessel density and enhanced tumor cell apoptosis in (225Ac-E4G10 treated tumors. Additionally, the residual tumor vasculature appeared normalized as evident by enhanced pericyte coverage following (225Ac-E4G10 therapy. However, no toxicity was observed in vascularized normal organs following (225Ac-E4G10 therapy.The data suggest that alpha-particle immunotherapy to neovasculature, alone or in combination with sequential chemotherapy, is an effective approach to cancer therapy.

Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapies attenuate adaptive arteriogenesis in the rabbit

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Grundmann, Sebastian; Hoefer, Imo; Ulusans, Susann; van Royen, Niels; Schirmer, Stephan H.; Ozaki, C. Keith; Bode, Christoph; Piek, Jan J.; Buschmann, Ivo

2005-01-01

The specific antagonists of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), infliximab and etanercept, are established therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Although the importance of TNF-alpha in chronic inflammatory diseases is well established,

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESULITAN BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN OTOMATISASI PERKANTORAN KELAS X PROGRAM STUDI ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN DI SMK NEGERI 1 KENDAL

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Moh Lutfi Fadil

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Kesulitan belajar siswa perlu diketahui penyebabnya, agar dapat membantu memaksimalkan belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1 mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar siswa kelas X program studi administrasi perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Kendal.(2 berapa besar kontribusi pengaruh yang diberikan oleh faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar siswa kelas X program studi administrasi perkantoran di SMK Negeri 1 Kendal.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis faktor dan deskriptif persentase.Hasil analisis faktor menunjukan bahwa dari 17 variabel direduksi menjadi 16 variabel yang mengelompok menjadi 6 faktor baru yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar siswa antara lain yaitu (1 Faktor Pembelajaran sebesar 26,958%, (2 Faktor keadaan sekolah dan keluarga sebesar 12,168%, (3 Faktor kondisi jasmani dan rohani sebesar 10,048%, (4 Faktor lingkungan masyarakat sebesar 7,069%, (5 Faktor pergaulan sebesar 6,578% dan (6 Faktor kecerdasan sebesar 6,276%. Learning difficulties students need to know the cause, in order to help maximize student learning. This study aims to (1 determine the factors that influence the difficulty of class X student office administration courses at SMK Negeri 1 Kendal. (2 how much contribution the influence exerted by factors that affect students' learning difficulties in class X office administration courses at SMK Negeri 1 Kendal. The technique of collecting data using questionnaires, documentation and interviews. Data were analyzed using factor analysis and descriptive percentages. Results of factor analysis showed that of the 17 variables reduced to 16 variables grouped into 6 new factor affecting students' learning difficulties, among others: (1 Learning factor of 26.958%, (2 factors of school and family circumstances amounting to 12.168%, (3 physical and spiritual condition factor of 10.048%, (4 environmental

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENIMBULKAN KECENDERUNGAN MINAT BELI KONSUMEN SARUNG (Studi Perilaku Konsumen Sarung di Jawa Timur

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Ujianto Ujianto

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Focusing the problem on the research factors that cause buying interest of sarong is how large the total variance explaining the preference of buying interest of sarong. This research was purposed to identify the preferent and dominant factors of buying interest. Decision making process of buying is begun by marketing stimulant (product, price, promotion, place and other stimulants (economic, technology, politic culture, which build buyer characteristics. Those aspects above build customer perception about the clothes dressing and customer will recognize what's characteristic of cloth they need. The research was in Pasuruan and Gresik, in order to get non probability purpossive sample, by questionaring to 120 respondents. Each respondent was asked to judge his preference by choosing from fully agree till fully disagree gradually of six alternatives of Likert scale. Primary data were collected and analyzed by using the technics of Factor Analysis and Descriptive Analysis. To make the analysis running well used SPSS Program. The result of this research conclude that the preferent factors of buying interest of customer are Quality, Reference, Brand and Colour, Packaging and Price, Discount and Gift, and Supplies Factors. And the dominant factors are Quality and Reference Factors. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Fokus penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor apa yang menimbulkan kecenderungan minat beli konsumen terhadap produk sarung. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan oleh konsumen untuk membeli produk sarung. Secara teoritik dapat dijelaskan bahwa proses pengambilan keputusan pembelian didahului oleh stimuli pemasaran dan stimuli lainnya yang dapat mempengaruhi minat beli sarung calon konsumen. Penelitian dilakukan di Gresik dan Pasuruan dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive dan data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner kepada sebanyak 120 responden. Kuesioner disusun dalam bentuk Skala Likert dan data

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HARGA SAHAM (Kasus Perusahaan Jasa Perhotelan yang Terdaftar di Pasar Modal Indonesia

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Edi Subiyantoro

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The study of testing the impact of several factors on stock price of hotel industry listed in Indonesia stock exchange is based on an approach to the constant growth of dividend discount model. By using regression analysis, this study provides evidence that stock price is influenced by book value equity per share and return on equity. The other factors of the research model such as return on asset (ROA, debt to equity ratio, stock return, market risk and return on the market index have no impact to the stock price. In general, it's discovered that all of the factors have weak influence in explaining stock price variation which means that mostly it is determined by other various things. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Penelitian terhadap pengaruh beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi harga saham perusahaan jasa perhotelan yang terdaftar di pasar modal Indonesia didasarkan atas suatu pendekatan terhadap pertumbuhan tetap dari devidend discount model. Dengan menggunakan analisa regresi maka diketahui bahwa harga saham dipengaruhi oleh book value equity per share dan return on equity. Faktor-faktor lain seperti return on asset (ROA, debt to equity ratio, stock return, market risk dan return on the market index ternyata tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham. Secara umum, dapat dikatakan bahwa faktor-faktor tersebut mempunyai pengaruh yang relatif lemah terhadap variasi harga saham. Ini berarti bahwa variasi harga saham ditentukan oleh faktor-faktor lainnya. Kata kunci: harga saham, equity, return on asset (ROA

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INDEPENDENSI PENAMPILAN AKUNTAN PUBLIK

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Ardiani Ika S.

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji secara empiris faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi independensi penampilan akuntan publik baik secara parsial dan simultan. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah financial interests, hubungan bisnis dengan klien, pelayanan asuransi dan audit, hubungan antara klien atau yg diaudit dengan auditor, kompetisi antara Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP, ukuran KAP dan audit fee. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para auditor di akuntan publik di Semarang tahun 2009. Metode penyeleksian sampel yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling dan jumlah respondennya 35. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah multiple regression analysis. Dimulai dengan analisis kuantitatif untuk mengetes validitas dan reabilitas. Kemudian dilanjutkan uji asumsi klasik termasuk normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedastisity. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 6 variabel yang sudah dikaji secara simultan dan partial tersebut mempunyai efek yang signifikan terhadap independensi penampilan akuntan publik dengan R square 0.749. The objective of this study is to test empirically the factors that influence the independence of public accountant appearance both partially and simultaneously. The factors cover financial interests, business relationships with clients, assurance services and audit services, the length of relationship between client or auditee and auditor, the competition between Public Accountan Offices (KAPs, the size of KAP, and audit fee. The population in this study was the auditors who worked in the public accountant’s office in Semarang in 2009. The sample selection method is a convenience sampling and the  number of  respondents are 35. The Analysis tools used is multiple regression analysis. It starts by applying quantitative analysis to test the validity and reliability. Then, it is continued by testing the classical assumptions which include normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedastisity. The result shows that the six

The effect of combining recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha with local radiation on tumor control probability of a human glioblastoma multiforme xenograft in nude mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Peigen; Allam, Ayman; Perez, Luis A; Taghian, Alphonse; Freeman, Jill; Suit, Herman D

1995-04-30

Purpose: To evaluate the antitumor activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-{alpha}) on a human glioblastoma multiforme (U87) xenograft in nude mice, and to study the effect of combining rHuTNF-{alpha} with local radiation on the tumor control probability of this tumor model. Methods and Materials: U87 xenograft was transplanted SC into the right hindleg of NCr/Sed nude mice (7-8 weeks old, male). When tumors reached a volume of about 110 mm{sup 3}, mice were randomly assigned to treatment: rHuTNF-{alpha} alone compared with normal saline control; or local radiation plus rHuTNF-{alpha} vs. local radiation plus normal saline. Parameters of growth delay, volume doubling time, percentage of necrosis, and cell loss factor were used to assess the antitumor effects of rHuTNF-{alpha} on this tumor. The TCD{sub 50} (tumor control dose 50%) was used as an endpoint to determine the effect of combining rHuTNF-{alpha} with local radiation. Results: Tumor growth in mice treated with a dose of 150 {mu}g/kg body weight rHuTNF-{alpha}, IP injection daily for 7 consecutive days, was delayed about 8 days compared to that in controls. Tumors in the treatment group had a significantly longer volume doubling time, and were smaller in volume and more necrotic than matched tumors in control group. rHuTNF-{alpha} also induced a 2.3 times increase of cell loss factor. The administration of the above-mentioned dose of rHuTNF-{alpha} starting 24 h after single doses of localized irradiation under hypoxic condition, resulted in a significant reduction in TCD{sub 50} from the control value of 60.9 Gy to 50.5 Gy (p < 0.01). Conclusion: rHuTNF-{alpha} exhibits an antitumor effect against U87 xenograft in nude mice, as evidenced by an increased delay in tumor growth as well as cell loss factor. Also, there was an augmentation of tumor curability when given in combination with radiotherapy, resulting in a significantly lower TCD{sub 50} value in the treatment vs. the

Retroperitoneal relapse of non-seminomatous testicular cancer: computed tomography findings before retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy; Retroperitoneale Rezidive nicht-seminomatoeser Hodentumoren: Computertomographische Befunde vor retroperitonealer Lymphadenektomie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hosten, N.; Stroszczynski, C.; Lemke, M.; Felix, R. [Strahlenklinik und Poliklinik, Charite Campus Virchow, Humboldt Univ. zu Berlin (Germany); Rick, O. [Abt. Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Haematologie/Onkologie, Charite Campus Virchow, Humboldt Univ. zu Berlin (Germany)

1999-01-01

Purpose: In relapsing testicular cancer, additional chemotherapy is followed by abdominal CT. If residual lesions are found, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy is considered. We studied retrospectively whether morphological criteria can help in selected cases in deciding about lymphadenectomy by distinguishing between vital tumor, scarring and mature teratoma. Methods: In 26 patients who had been treated by salvage chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for non-seminomatous testicular cancer between 1990 and 1997, abdominal computed tomography and histology were correlated. Results: Histological examination found scarring in 10 patients, vital tumor in 6, mature teratoma in 4, and simultaneous teratoma and vital tumor in 6. A single CT criterion for distinguishing between these histologies was not identified. In two patients with large masses which were partly cystic and partly solid vital tumor and teratoma were verified. Scarrings may be expected in cystic lesions at the level of the renal hilus which are lined by a thin and smooth wall. Size did not matter. Conclusion: Accurate differentiation between vital tumor and necrosis was not possible. Before lymphadenectomy CT, however, localised lesions. (orig.) [Deutsch] Ziel: Bei Patienten mit rezidivierten Hodentumoren wird nach erneuter Chemotherapie die abdominelle CT durchgefuehrt. Wenn verbliebene Raumforderungen nachgewiesen werden, wird eine retroperitoneale Lymphadenektomie in Betracht gezogen. Untersucht wurde, ob der Bildbefund Hinweise auf das Vorliegen von vitalem Tumor, Nekrose bzw. Narbe oder reifem Teratom geben kann, die in Einzelfaellen zur Indikationsstellung herangezogen werden koennten. Methoden: Bei 26 Patienten, die wegen eines rezidivierten nicht-seminomatoesen Hodentumors in den Jahren 1990 bis 1997 einer erneuten Chemotherapie mit anschliessender retroperitonealer Lymphadenektomie von Tumorresten unterzogen worden waren, wurden abdominelle CT und Histologie korreliert. Ergebnisse: Die

Faktor Penghambat Proses Layanan Konseling Individual di SMA se-Kota Cilacap

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Fenti Nurindahsari

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Berdasarkan penuturan guru BK di salah satu SMA di kota Cilacap yang pernah menjadi tempat observasi oleh peneliti, ditemukan fenomena terkait dengan layanan konseling individual di sekolah tersebut yang tidak sesuai dengan teori-teori mengenai konseling individual yang ada dalam bimbingan konseling. Contoh yang tidak sesuai dengan teori  ketika proses konseling berakhir guru BK di sekolah tersebut tidak ada upaya tindak lanjut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat proses layanan konseling individual di SMA sekota Cilacap. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konselor yang ada di SMA sekota Cilacap. Teknik sampel untuk konselor yang dipilih praktikan adalah sampling jenuh. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket. Validitas menggunakan rumus Product Moment. Uji reliabitilitas menggunakan rumus Alpha. Metode analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor internal penghambat berasal dari konselor dalam kriteria tinggi (71,74% faktor eksternal penghambat termasuk kriteria tinggi yaitu norma (71,59%, sarpras (71,38% dan lingkungan fisik (72,39%. Dapat disimpulkan hambatan yang ada dalam proses layanan konseling individual di SMA sekota Cilacap berasal dari faktor internal dan eksternal yang memiliki kriteria yang sama yaitu dalam kategori tinggi. Based the narrative counseling teacher in one high school in Cilacap town that  once a place observation, discovered the phenomenon associated with individual counseling services in the school is not in accordance with the theories about the existing individual counseling in counseling. Examples that don’t fit with theory when the counseling process ends counseling teacher the school is’n follow-up effort. The purpose of this study to determine inhibiting factors individual counseling service process In senior high school Cilacap derby. Pupolasi in research is senior high school counselors. Technical

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha increases myocardial microvascular transport in vivo

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, P R; Svendsen, Jesper Hastrup; Høyer, S

1994-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a primary mediator in the pathogenesis of tissue injury, and high circulating levels of TNF-alpha are found in a variety of pathological conditions. In open-chest anesthetized dogs, the effects of intracoronary recombinant human TNF-alpha (rTNF-alpha; 100...... in cardiac output and was associated with the appearance of areas with myocardial necrosis in the regional left ventricular wall. The myocardial plasma flow rate and maximum plasma flow rate in response to a 30-s coronary occlusion were not influenced by rTNF-alpha, although a decrease in the myocardial...... ng/kg for 60 min) on myocardial microvascular transport of a small hydrophilic indicator was examined by the single-injection, residue-detection method. Intracoronary infusion of rTNF-alpha increased myocardial microvascular transport after 120 min. This increase was preceded by a sustained decline...

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PRODUKSI GULA PTPN VII (PERSERO

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Rizky Savitri

2014-09-01

rendemen, tenaga kerja, jumlah penggunaan bahan pembantu, dan lama giling berpengaruh terhadap produksi gula PTPN VII (persero PG. Cinta Manis. Elastisitas produksi dari masing-masing faktor produksi menunjukkan penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi belum optimal. Skala usaha dari perusahaan yang berada pada daerah increasing return to scale dimana proporsi penambahan input akan menghasilkan penambahan output dengan proporsi yang lebih besar. Sehubungan dengan itu, perusahaan perlu pemanfaatan faktor-faktor produksi secara optimal, peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia juga diperlukan dengan berbagai kegiatan peningkatan skill, meningkatkan produktifitas lahan dengan intensifikasi lahan, dan mengoptimalkan lama giling dengan meningkatkan kualitas mesin.Kata kunci: PG. Cinta Manis, increasing return to scale, fungsi cobb douglas, PTPN VII

Analisa Faktor Pembentuk Kualitas Layanan Di Starbucks the Square Surabaya

OpenAIRE

Tanujaya, Jimmy

2013-01-01

— Starbucks merupakan salah satu Perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang kedai kopi. Disini peneliti ingin meneliti faktor-faktor apa saja yang membentuk kualitas layanan di Starbucks The Square.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor apa saja yang membentuk kualitas layanan di Starbucks. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang membentuk kualitas layanan di Starbucks The Square dengan menggunakan kuesion...

PENENTUAN FAKTOR DAN TARAF FAKTOR DALAM PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUKSI BENANG PCM DI PT APAC INTI CORPORA DENGAN METODE DESAIN EKSPERIMEN

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Darminto Pujotomo

2012-02-01

Full Text Available PT. APAC Inti Corpora merupakan salah satu perusahaan tekstil yang terbesar di Asia Tenggara dimana salah satu jenis produknya adalah benang PCM yang dihasilkan oleh departemen spinning 4. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah produk akhir yang cacat melebihi target perusahaan sebesar 0,8% dari total produksi, sedangkan perusahaan dituntut untuk menghasilkan produk cacat seminimal mungkin. Masalah ini muncul karena masih banyaknya cacat yang timbul pada benang PCM yang didominan oleh cacat crossing (24,67%,  cacat ring cone (21,98%, cacat tanpa ekor (16,02% dan kontaminasi (12,50%. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melakukan penilaian terhadap proses yang terjadi dan apabila ternyata memang terjadi proses yang tidak terkendali maka selanjutnya akan dilakukan identifikasi dan analisa faktor-faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ttimbulnya cacat crossing pada benang PCM. Metode yang digunakan untuk menilai proses operasi adalah metode pengendalian proses statistik (statistical process control, sedangkan metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya cacat benang PCM adalah metode desain eksperimen faktorial.  Dari grafik pengendali dan penentuan kemampuan proses dapat diketahui bahwa proses operasi yang terjadi berada di luar kontrol karena menghasilkan cukup banyak produk cacat. Faktor-faktor yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor ukuran benang, umur mesin dan kecepatan mesin yang masing-masing faktor terdiri dari 2 taraf faktor. Faktor ukuran benang terdiri dari tipis dan tebal. Faktor umur mesin terdiri dari mesin lama dan mesin baru.Faktor kecepatan mesin terdiri dari 900 MPM dan 1000 MPM. Berdasarkaan perhitungan analisa variansi (ANAVA dan test hipotesa, faktor yang signifikan menyebabkan timbulnya cacat crossing adalah faktor ukuran benang  dan umur mesin.   Kata kunci : cacat crossing, pengendalian kualitas, ANAVA   PT.APAC Inti Corpora is the largest textile

Tumor targeting with radiolabeled alpha(v)beta(3) integrin binding peptides in a nude mouse model.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Janssen, M.L.H.; Oyen, W.J.G.; Dijkgraaf, I.; Massuger, L.F.A.G.; Frielink, C.; Edwards, D.S.; Rajopadhye, M.; Boonstra, H.; Corstens, F.H.M.; Boerman, O.C.

2002-01-01

The alpha(v)beta(3) integrin is expressed on proliferating endothelial cells such as those present in growing tumors, as well as on tumor cells of various origin. Tumor-induced angiogenesis can be blocked in vivo by antagonizing the alpha(v)beta(3) integrin with small peptides containing the

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN BERSAING (STUDI PADA BMT AMANAH UMMAH SUKOHARJO

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meyta pritandhari

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Abstrak   Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil merupakan salah satu model lembaga keuangan syariah yang saat ini banyak muncul di Indonesia. BMT Amanah Ummah memiliki 9.142 anggota dan 45 % anggotanya tidak loyal kepada BMT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan dan dampaknya terhadap keunggulan bersaing. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis kualitatif dengan model analisis interaktif. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalan insidental sampling untuk anggota BMT dan purposive sampling  untuk  pimpinan, manajer dan  marketing.  Teknik  pengumpulan  data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan yaitu reputasi merek, kepuasan angggota, kualitas pelayanan, kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan anggota, dan kualitas pelayanan. Dari beberapa faktor tersebut faktor kualitas pelayanan yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi loyalitas anggota.Dampak loyalitas terhadap keunggulan bersaing dapat dilihat dari seberapa banyak anggota BMT yang tidak pindah ke lembaga keuangan lain. Semakin bagus kualitas pelayanan maka semakin tinggi tingkat loyalitas dan keunggulan bersaing antar lembaga keuangan juga semakin tinggi.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT PENGERJAAN TUGAS AKHIR SKRIPSI MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK OTOMOTIF FT UNY

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Ibnu Siswanto

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini ialah mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan secara faktual, akurat dan sistematis tentang 1 Implementasi pedoman penulisan tugas akhir skripsi mahasiswa FT UNY di Jurusan PT. Otomotif dan 2 Faktor-faktor yang menjadi penghambat dalam pengerjaan tugas akhir skripsi mahasiswa PT. Otomotif FT UNY Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Objek penelitian ialah Koordinator tugas akhir skripsi, dosen pembimbing, dan mahasiswa PT. Otomotif FT UNY. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang dipergunakan ialah metode analisis deskriptif.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1 Implementasi pedoman penulisan tugas akhir skripsi di jurusan PT. Otomotif FT UNY dilakukan dengan pembentukan koordinator tugas akhir skripsi, pembagian tahapan-tahapan pengerjaan skripsi yang terdiri dari pengajuan judul, bimbingan, pengambilan data penelitian, dan ujian TAS sampai dengan pengeluaran nilai TAS. Semua dosen PT. Otomotif FT UNY melaksanakan bimbingan tugas akhir skripsi sesuai dengan pedoman penulisan tugas akhir skripsi. Jurusan PT. Otomotif FT UNY juga melakukan bimbingan klasikal bagi mahasiswa yang akan/sedang mengerjakan tugas akhir skripsi, 2 Faktor-faktor yang menjadi penghambat dalam pengerjaan tugas akhir skripsi yaitu kesulitan dalam menemukan permasalahan yang akan diangkat menjadi judul penelitian, mahasiswa fokus mengerjakan proyek akhir (mahasiswa angkatan 2008 ke bawah, fokus laporan KKN PPL, mengulang banyak mata kuliah, tidak rutin bimbingan dengan dosen, kesulitan dalam menulis karya tulis ilmiah.

Pengaruh Faktor-faktor Marketing Mix (Product, Place, Promotion, Price) Terhadap Keputusan Untuk Masuk STIE Semarang Yang Dimediasi Word of Mouth

OpenAIRE

Abdul Azez, Siti Rochmah Diah Yuliana

2017-01-01

Perkembangan Perguruan Tinggi semakin pesat, mendorong Instansi harus semakin aktif dalam merealisasikan strategi marketing yang efektif dan efisien. strategi pemasaran dari mulut ke mulut (WOM) sering disebut dengan strategi word of mouth. Rumusan masalah adalah bagaimana pengaruh faktor faktor marketing mix (place, product, promotion, price) terhadap Keputusan Masuk STIE Semarang yang dimediasi Word of Mouth”, Hipotesis : ada pengaruh faktor marketing mix (product, place, promotion, price) ...

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Memepengaruhi Penyisihan Penghapusan Aktiva Produktif (Ppap) pada Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia

OpenAIRE

Shintya, Nita; Darmawan, Akhmad

2015-01-01

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Penyisihan Penghapusan Aktiva Produktif (PPAP) pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penyisihan penghapusan aktiva produktif (PPAP), sedangkan variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Total pembiayaan (TotalFinancing/TF), Risiko pembiayaan (Non Performing Financing/NPF), Profitabilitas (Earnings Before Taxes and Provisions/E...

FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN BIOTIK PADA KEJADIAN LEPTOSPIROSIS

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Asyhar Tunissea

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Beberapa penelitian tentang kejadian leptospirosis menunjukkan bahwa kejadian leptospirosis berkaitan dengan faktor lingkungan, baik lingkungan abiotik maupun biotik. Komponen lingkungan biotik yang diduga merupakan faktor risiko kejadian leptospirosis di Indonesia antara lain adalah vegetasi, keberhasilan penangkapan tikus (trap succes dan prevalensi leptospirosis pada tikus.

alpha-Lactalbumin species variation, HAMLET formation, and tumor cell death.

Science.gov (United States)

Pettersson, Jenny; Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Svanborg, Catharina

2006-06-23

HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) is a tumoricidal complex of apo alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid, formed in casein after low pH treatment of human milk. This study examined if HAMLET-like complexes are present in casein from different species and if isolated alpha-lactalbumin from those species can form such complexes with oleic acid. Casein from human, bovine, equine, and porcine milk was separated by ion exchange chromatography and active complexes were only found in human casein. This was not explained by alpha-lactalbumin sequence variation, as purified bovine, equine, porcine, and caprine alpha-lactalbumins formed complexes with oleic acid with biological activity similar to HAMLET. We conclude that structural variation of alpha-lactalbumins does not preclude the formation of HAMLET-like complexes and that natural HAMLET formation in casein was unique to human milk, which also showed the highest oleic acid content.

The effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents on postoperative anastomotic complications in Crohn's disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

El-Hussuna, Alaa Abdul-Hussein H; Krag, Aleksander; Olaison, Gunnar

2013-01-01

Patients with Crohn's disease treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents may have an increased risk of surgical complications.......Patients with Crohn's disease treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents may have an increased risk of surgical complications....

Probing slowly exchanging protein systems via {sup 13}C{sup {alpha}}-CEST: monitoring folding of the Im7 protein

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hansen, Alexandar L.; Bouvignies, Guillaume; Kay, Lewis E., E-mail: kay@pound.med.utoronto.ca [University of Toronto, Departments of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Chemistry (Canada)

2013-03-15

A {sup 13}C{sup {alpha}} chemical exchange saturation transfer based experiment is presented for the study of protein systems undergoing slow interconversion between an 'observable' ground state and one or more 'invisible' excited states. Here a labeling strategy whereby [2-{sup 13}C]-glucose is the sole carbon source is exploited, producing proteins with {sup 13}C at the C{sup {alpha}} position, while the majority of residues remain unlabeled at CO or C{sup {beta}}. The new experiment is demonstrated with an application to the folding reaction of the Im7 protein that involves an on-pathway excited state. The obtained excited state {sup 13}C{sup {alpha}} chemical shifts are cross validated by comparison to values extracted from analysis of CPMG relaxation dispersion profiles, establishing the utility of the methodology.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERGANTIAN AUDITOR: STUDI EMPIRIS PERUSAHAAN PUBLIK DI INDONESIA

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Andri Prastiwi

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pergantian auditor perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia setelah diberlakukannya peraturan mandatori. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tipe KAP dan pertumbuhan perusahan (yang diukur dengan total aset berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemungkinan pergantian KAP. Perusahaan dengan KAP big 4 mempunyai kemungkinan yang lebih rendah untuk mengalami pergantian KAP dari pada non big 4. Perusahaan yang sedang mengalami pertumbuhan juga mempunyai kemungkinan pergantian KAP lebih tinggi dari pada yang tidak mengalami pertumbuhan. Sedangkan ukuran perusahaan, pertumbuhan perusahaan (yang diukur dengan perubahan sales, perubahan MVE dan perubahan income dan masalah keuangan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempe-ngaruhi pergantian auditor di Indonesia. AbstractThe purpose of this study to determine the factors that affect the auditor turnover manufacturing company in Indonesia after the enactment of mandatory regulations. The analysis showed that the type of KAP and growth companies (as measured by total assets significantly influence the possibility of change of KAP. Companies with KAP big 4 have a lower chance to experience changing of KAP than the company with the KAP non big 4. Companies that are experiencing growth also has the possibility of change of KAP is higher than the companies that are not experiencing growth. While firm size, firm growth (as measured by changes in sales, MVE changes and changes in income and financial problems did not significantly influence the factors that influence the change of auditor in Indonesia.Keywords: auditor turnover; agency theory; signaling theory

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI TRANSFORMASI KAPABILITAS ORGANISASI DAN PERAN BADAN PEMERIKSA KEUANGAN RI

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Agus Joko Pramono

2017-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT This study is aimed to study the influencing factors of the Audit Board of Republic Indonesia’s roles and capabilities transformation to meet the national development goals. This study use a qualitative approach with Analytic Network Process (ANP method, to map out the interrelated factors of nodes within 3 clusters, which are the external, internal, and supporting factors. Focus Group Discussion (FGD was conducted to design a Framework Analysis. The participants of the FGD were BPK RI officials and its stakeholders including relevant external experts. The FGD has made a quantification framework as an ideal approach to use for data processing on software superdecisions. This process has brought about the priorities as follows: external stakeholder engagement, leadership and governance system, communication and the management of information system. The research has found out that the most significant and urgent factor is the concern of, and support from, the external stakeholders for BPK RI. Therefore, BPK RI has to design a strategy and communication program that can effectively improve the external support and concern. Keywords: Transformation, organizational capability, organizational roles, The Audit  Board of Indonesia, Analytic Network Process. ABSTRAK Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap transformasi kapabilitas dan peran Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Analytic Network Process (ANP untuk mendapatkan hubungan antar node dalam 3 cluster (faktor eksternal, internal dan penunjang yang bersifat network. Framework analysis disusun melalui FGD para pakar dari eksternal dan internal BPK RI. Kuantifikasi framework dihasilkan dari FGD para pakar internal BPK RI. Olah data pada software superdecisions menghasilkan prioritas-prioritas sebagai berikut: faktor eksternal prioritasnya Stakeholders Engagement; faktor internal

Faktor – Faktor Penyebab Prokrastinasi Akademik pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung

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Ujang Candra

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Prokrastinasi akademik adalah jenis penundaan yang dilakukan pada jenis tugas formal yang berhubungan dengan tugas akademik. Salah satunya yang sering menjadi prokrastinator adalah siswa. Jika prokrastinasi ini tidak segera dibenahi, akan merugikan siswa itu sendiri. Perkembangan siswa dalam meraih prestasi akademik menjadi terganggu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung. Angket diberikan kepada 221 siswa SMA Negeri Kabupaten Temanggung, serta 6 orang responden untuk diwawancara. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif yang mencakup deskriptif presentase, dan analisis kulitatif hasil wawancara. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa faktor internal penyebab prokrastinasi akademik dilihat dari kondisi fisik (69%, kondisi psikologis (73%. Kemudian faktor eksternal penyebab prokrastinasi akademik dilihat dari kondisi keluarga (75%, lingkungan sekolah (67%, lingkungan masyarakat (66%. Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa faktor internal utama penyebab prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa adalah kondisi fisik dan faktor eksternal yang paling utama penyebab prokrastinasi akademik pada siswa adalah lingkungan sekolah. Bagi konselor sekolah, dapat memberikan layanan prnguasaan konten mengenai manajemen waktu sebagai upaya mencegah munculnya perilaku prokrastinasi akademik. Academic procrastination is the kind of delay that made the tasks associated with the assignment of formal academic. One of them is that often a student prokrastinator. If procrastination is not immediately addressed, it would be detrimental to the students themselves. The development of students academic achievement become impaired. The purpose of this study is to determine the internal factors and external factors that cause students academic procrastination.. Questionnaire given to 221 students of High School in Temanggung, and 6 respondents to be interviewed. Data analysis using

Functional activities of receptors for tumor necrosis factor-alpha on human vascular endothelial cells.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Paleolog, E.M.; Delasalle, S.A.; Buurman, W.A.; Feldmann, M.

1994-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a critical role in the control of endothelial cell function and hence in regulating traffic of circulating cells into tissues in vivo. Stimulation of endothelial cells in vitro by TNF-alpha increases the surface expression of leukocyte adhesion

Divergent effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on apoptosis of human neutrophils

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Berg, J. M.; Weyer, S.; Weening, J. J.; Roos, D.; Kuijpers, T. W.

2001-01-01

Apoptosis of neutrophils is a key mechanism to control the intensity of the acute inflammatory response. Previously, the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was reported by some to have pro-apoptotic and by others to have antiapoptotic effects on neutrophils. The aim of this study was

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its receptors in epithelial ovarian cancer.

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Jacek Nikliński

2010-05-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression pattern of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha and its receptors (TNF-Rs in the epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC and compare these results with the outcome of 126 patients. Presence of TNF-alpha, TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 were studied by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The proportion of samples positive for TNF-alpha and TNF-R2 was higher in epithelial ovarian cancer patients than in benign ovarian diseases (p<0.001 and p=0.016, respectively. Immunostaining intensity of TNF-R2 were correlated with tumor stage (p<0.001 and with reduced mean survival time (MST (p=0.002. The results of the present study suggested that tissue expression of TNF-R2 in epithelial ovarian cancer was correlated with the highest risk of cancer progression. Thus, the clinical value of activated TNF system in epithelial ovarian cancer needs to be further investigated.

Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Perilaku Penggunaan Internet Masyarakat Desa

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Anton Susanto

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Penyediaan akses dan sarana TIK (internet bagi masyarakat desa bertujuan tidak hanya mengurangi kesenjangan digital tetapi juga untuk dapat mendorong aktivitas dan produktivitas masyarakat (pemberdayaan. Kehadiran internet di masyarakat desa belum tentu menjadi sebuah kebutuhan, baik karena rendahnya kesadaran akan manfaatnya ataupun tidak terhubungnya internet dengan sistem nafkah yang ada di masyarakat pedesaan. Upaya mendekatkan ketersediaan internet dengan kebutuhan riil masyarakat dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan psychological empowerment, yaitu TIK harus dikaitkan dengan faktor intrapersonal, interaksional dan faktor perilaku masyarakat. Perilaku penggunaan internet dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan variabel Niat Menggunakan (behavioral intention sebagai penentu langsung dari tindakan atau perilaku seseorang. Konstruk-konstruk dalam model the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influences dan facilitating condition digunakan sebagai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Niat Menggunakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Pasar VI Kualanamu, desa yang telah mendapatkan fasilitas dan sarana TIK melalui Desa Informasi. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA serta analisis model struktural Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS. Hasil pengujian SEM-PLS menunjukkan nilai R-Square 0,752. Kemudian dengan menggunakan metode boot-strapping dalam smartPLS, didapatkan bahwa faktor effort expectancy dan social influences berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Niat Menggunakan internet.     Abstract Provision of access of ICT (internet for rural communities aimed not only for reducing the digital divide but also to encourage the meaningful activity and productivity. The internet may be not needed by the rural community, due to low awareness of the benefits and also there is not interrelated with living

Alpha subunit of glycoprotein hormones in the sera of acromegalic patients and its mRNA in the tumors.

Science.gov (United States)

Machiavelli, G A; Artese, R; Benencia, H; Bruno, O; Guerra, L; Basso, A; Burdman, J A

1999-04-01

Within a population of 16 pituitary adenomas we found high levels of glycoprotein alpha subunits in the sera of patients with somatotrophic tumors. This finding was correlated with the presence of mRNA alpha subunit in these tumors indicating the adenomas themselves as the origin of the circulating alpha-subunit. Synthesis of these two hormones, which are chemically very different, by the same tumor cells indicates a high degree of differentiation of these cells. We are unable at this time to conclusively correlate differentiation of these tumors aggressively.

Alpha-lactalbumin unfolding is not sufficient to cause apoptosis, but is required for the conversion to HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells).

Science.gov (United States)

Svensson, Malin; Fast, Jonas; Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Düringer, Caroline; Gustafsson, Lotta; Hallgren, Oskar; Brooks, Charles L; Berliner, Lawrence; Linse, Sara; Svanborg, Catharina

2003-12-01

HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) is a complex of human alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid (C18:1:9 cis) that kills tumor cells by an apoptosis-like mechanism. Previous studies have shown that a conformational change is required to form HAMLET from alpha-lactalbumin, and that a partially unfolded conformation is maintained in the HAMLET complex. This study examined if unfolding of alpha-lactalbumin is sufficient to induce cell death. We used the bovine alpha-lactalbumin Ca(2+) site mutant D87A, which is unable to bind Ca(2+), and thus remains partially unfolded regardless of solvent conditions. The D87A mutant protein was found to be inactive in the apoptosis assay, but could readily be converted to a HAMLET-like complex in the presence of oleic acid. BAMLET (bovine alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) and D87A-BAMLET complexes were both able to kill tumor cells. This activity was independent of the Ca(2+)site, as HAMLET maintained a high affinity for Ca(2+) but D87A-BAMLET was active with no Ca(2+) bound. We conclude that partial unfolding of alpha-lactalbumin is necessary but not sufficient to trigger cell death, and that the activity of HAMLET is defined both by the protein and the lipid cofactor. Furthermore, a functional Ca(2+)-binding site is not required for conversion of alpha-lactalbumin to the active complex or to cause cell death. This suggests that the lipid cofactor stabilizes the altered fold without interfering with the Ca(2+)site.

Local Control of Lung Derived Tumors by Diffusing Alpha-Emitting Atoms Released From Intratumoral Wires Loaded With Radium-224

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cooks, Tomer; Schmidt, Michael; Bittan, Hadas; Lazarov, Elinor; Arazi, Lior; Kelson, Itzhak; Keisari, Yona

2009-01-01

Purpose: Diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (DART) is a new form of brachytherapy enabling the treatment of solid tumors with alpha radiation. The present study examines the antitumoral effects resulting from the release of alpha emitting radioisotopes into solid lung carcinoma (LL2, A427, and NCI-H520). Methods and Materials: An in vitro setup tested the dose-dependent killing of tumor cells exposed to alpha particles. In in vivo studies, radioactive wires (0.3 mm diameter, 5 mm long) with 224 Ra activities in the range of 21-38 kBq were inserted into LL/2 tumors in C57BL/6 mice and into human-derived A427 or NCI-H520 tumors in athymic mice. The efficacy of the short-lived daughters of 224 Ra to produce tumor growth retardation and prolong life was assessed, and the spread of radioisotopes inside tumors was measured using autoradiography. Results: The insertion of a single DART wire into the center of 6- to 7-mm tumors had a pronounced retardation effect on tumor growth, leading to a significant inhibition of 49% (LL2) and 93% (A427) in tumor development and prolongations of 48% (LL2) in life expectancy. In the human model, more than 80% of the treated tumors disappeared or shrunk. Autoradiographic analysis of the treated sectioned tissue revealed the intratumoral distribution of the radioisotopes, and histological analysis showed corresponding areas of necrosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated a dose-dependent killing of tumors cells exposed to alpha particles. Conclusions: Short-lived diffusing alpha-emitters produced tumor growth retardation and increased survival in mice bearing lung tumor implants. These results justify further investigations with improved dose distributions.

Faktor-faktor Penyebab Instrumen Biola Jadi Bagian Integral Kebudayaan Musik Etnik Melayu Pesisir Timur Sumatera Utara

OpenAIRE

Zulfahmi, Muhammad

2013-01-01

Biola menjadi bagian integral dalam kebudayaan musik etnik Melayu Pesisir Timur Sumatera Utara. Bunyi (sound)-nya telah mewakili maenstream budaya Melayu. Unsur-unsur bunyi menjadi pilar utama pembentukan struktur musiknya. “Proses-integrasinya” disebabkan oleh hubungan masyarakat Melayu Pesisir Timur Sumatera Utara dengan bangsa-bangsa lain pada masa lampau. Melalui faktor-faktor transformasi sosio budaya, teknik estetika khas biola Melayu merupakan paduan antara konsep-konsep bermain biola ...

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT SISWA KELAS XI IPS MENGIKUTI EKSTRAKURIKULER EKONOMI AKUNTANSI DI SMA N 4 MAGELANG TAHUN 2015/2016

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Laeli Ismiati

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Ekstrakurikuler merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan diluar jam tatap muka, baik didalam ataupun diluar sekolah dengan tujuan menambah wawasan siswa. Dengan adanya ekstrakurikuler ekonomi akuntansi dalam program sekolah harapannya siswa mempunyai tempat untuk berlatih akuntansi diluar jam mata pelajaran yang terbatas. Namun kenyataannya minat siswa terhadap ekstrakurikuler ekonomi akuntansi di SMA N 4 Magelang masih rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler ekonomi akuntansi . Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPS SMA N 4 Magelang tahun 2015/2016 yang berjumlah 126. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan, proportionate random sampling. Perhitungan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dan diketahui jumlah sampel sebesar 96 orang.Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan metode analisis data menggunakan analisis faktor dengan menggunakan bantuan SPSS v16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua faktor yang mempengaruhi siswa mengikuti ekstrakurikuler, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Yang merupakan faktor internal antara lain jasmani, intelegensi, bakat, dan motivasi. Yang merupakan faktor eksternal antara lain pemusatan perhatian, kematangan, lingkungan keluarga, lingkungan sekolah dan lingkungan masyarakat. Variabel yang mempunyai korelasi paling kuat dalam faktor internal adalah intelegensi dengan factor loading sebesar 0,811. Sedangkan dalam faktor eksternal variabel yang mempunyai korelasi paling kuat adalah variabel lingkungan sekolah dengan factor loading sebesar 0,783. Extracurricular is activiti that carried out outside of the classroom, which purpose to improve the student’s knowledge. Economic-Accounting extracurricular in school programs hopes students to get a place to practice accounting outside of the classroom. In fact student’s interest on to Economic-Accounting extracurricular

FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENTING YANG MEMPENGARUHI CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort PERIKANAN HUHATE BERBASIS DI BITUNG

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Agus Setiyawan

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Bitung merupakan salah satu sentra pendaratan untuk perikanan huhate. Perikanan huhate bergantung terhadap ketersediaan umpan ikan hidup dan beberapa faktor teknis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap hasil tangkapan per upaya penangkapan (CPUE ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis - SKJ. Pengambilan data primer dilaksanakan di atas kapal huhate dari Januari – Mei 2013 yang berbasis di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bitung – Sulawesi Utara. Data logbook kapal serta data harian kapal diperoleh pada saat melakukan pemancingan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis Generalized Linear Models (GLM, uji korelasi dan regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat faktor signifikan berpengaruh terhadap nilai CPUE cakalang (SKJ. Faktor pertama adalah jenis umpan hidup yang digunakan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap CPUE SKJ (P< 0,01. Jenis umpan hidup yang berpengaruh signifikan adalah jenis ikan layang dicampur dengan puri merah. Ketiga faktor lainya yaitu suhu permukaan laut (SPL, jumlah pemancing dan daerah penangkapan mempengaruhi CPUE SKJ dengan nilai P < 0.05.  Bitung is one of the main landing sites for pole and line fishing vessels. The pole and line fisheries depend on the availability of live fish bait and some technical factors. Objective of this study is to assess several factors that may influence catch per unit effort (CPUE of skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis – SKJ. Logbook data and record of daily vessel activities during fishing from January – May 2013 were used in the analysis. The data were analyzed using generalized linear model (GLM, correlation and regression. The results showed that type of live bait was significantly affect the SKJ CPUE (P<0.01. Round scad (Decapterus spp mixed with anchovy (Stelophorus spp were giving higher SKJ CPUE as live bait. In addition, sea surface temperature, number of fishers, and fishing location also affect the SKJ CPUE

alpha-MSH and its receptors in regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by human monocyte/macrophages.

Science.gov (United States)

Taherzadeh, S; Sharma, S; Chhajlani, V; Gantz, I; Rajora, N; Demitri, M T; Kelly, L; Zhao, H; Ichiyama, T; Catania, A; Lipton, J M

1999-05-01

The hypothesis that macrophages contain an autocrine circuit based on melanocortin [ACTH and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)] peptides has major implications for neuroimmunomodulation research and inflammation therapy. To test this hypothesis, cells of the THP-1 human monocyte/macrophage line were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence and absence of alpha-MSH. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was inhibited in relation to alpha-MSH concentration. Similar inhibitory effects on TNF-alpha were observed with ACTH peptides that contain the alpha-MSH amino acid sequence and act on melanocortin receptors. Nuclease protection assays indicated that expression of the human melanocortin-1 receptor subtype (hMC-1R) occurs in THP-1 cells; Southern blots of RT-PCR product revealed that additional subtypes, hMC-3R and hMC-5R, also occur. Incubation of resting macrophages with antibody to hMC-1R increased TNF-alpha concentration; the antibody also markedly reduced the inhibitory influence of alpha-MSH on TNF-alpha in macrophages treated with LPS. These results in cells known to produce alpha-MSH at rest and to increase secretion of the peptide when challenged are consistent with an endogenous regulatory circuit based on melanocortin peptides and their receptors. Targeting of this neuroimmunomodulatory circuit in inflammatory diseases in which myelomonocytic cells are prominent should be beneficial.

Monte Carlo calculation of the maximum therapeutic gain of tumor antivascular alpha therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Chen-Yu; Oborn, Bradley M.; Guatelli, Susanna; Allen, Barry J. [Centre for Experimental Radiation Oncology, St. George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, New South Wales 2217 (Australia); Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia and Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522 (Australia); Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522 (Australia); Centre for Experimental Radiation Oncology, St. George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, New South Wales 2217 (Australia)

2012-03-15

Purpose: Metastatic melanoma lesions experienced marked regression after systemic targeted alpha therapy in a phase 1 clinical trial. This unexpected response was ascribed to tumor antivascular alpha therapy (TAVAT), in which effective tumor regression is achieved by killing endothelial cells (ECs) in tumor capillaries and, thus, depriving cancer cells of nutrition and oxygen. The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyze the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TAVAT by building up the testing Monte Carlo microdosimetric models. Methods: Geant4 was adapted to simulate the spatial nonuniform distribution of the alpha emitter {sup 213}Bi. The intraluminal model was designed to simulate the background dose to normal tissue capillary ECs from the nontargeted activity in the blood. The perivascular model calculates the EC dose from the activity bound to the perivascular cancer cells. The key parameters are the probability of an alpha particle traversing an EC nucleus, the energy deposition, the lineal energy transfer, and the specific energy. These results were then applied to interpret the clinical trial. Cell survival rate and therapeutic gain were determined. Results: The specific energy for an alpha particle hitting an EC nucleus in the intraluminal and perivascular models is 0.35 and 0.37 Gy, respectively. As the average probability of traversal in these models is 2.7% and 1.1%, the mean specific energy per decay drops to 1.0 cGy and 0.4 cGy, which demonstrates that the source distribution has a significant impact on the dose. Using the melanoma clinical trial activity of 25 mCi, the dose to tumor EC nucleus is found to be 3.2 Gy and to a normal capillary EC nucleus to be 1.8 cGy. These data give a maximum therapeutic gain of about 180 and validate the TAVAT concept. Conclusions: TAVAT can deliver a cytotoxic dose to tumor capillaries without being toxic to normal tissue capillaries.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FRAUD PADA SATUAN KERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

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Retno Wulandari

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali persepsi pegawai di instansi pemerintahan mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi fraud. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain sistem pengendalian internal, asimetri informasi, keadilan distributif, keadilan prosedural, kultur organisasi, penegakan hukum dan moralitas individu.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS yang bekerja pada bagian keuangan di SKPD Kabupaten Temanggung sebanyak 95 responden. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan skala likert 1-5. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis data regresi berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh negatif sistem pengendalian internal terhadap fraud, terdapat pengaruh positif asimetri informasi terhadap fraud, tidak terdapat pengaruh keadilan distributif terhadap fraud, tidak terdapat pengaruh keadilan prosedural terhadap fraud, tidak terdapat pengaruh kultur organisasi terhadap fraud, tidak terdapat pengaruh penegakan hukum terhadap fraud, terdapat pengaruh negatif moralitas individu terhadap fraud. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of employees in government agencies about the factors that influence fraud. These factors include the internal control system, the asymmetry of information, distributive justice, procedural justice, organizational culture, law enforcement and individual morality. The population in this study is were employees of SKPD in Temanggung Regencyas many as 95 respondents. Methods of data collection is done by using questionnaires with Likert scale 1-5. This study uses multiple regression data analysis tools. The results showed that there was a negative effect of the internal control system against fraud, there is a positive effect of information asymmetry against fraud, there is no influence of distributive justice against fraud, there is no influence procedural justice against fraud, there is no influence of organizational

Tumor invasion of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is accompanied by strong hemorrhage promoted by TNF-alpha.

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Sara Leschner

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Several facultative anaerobic bacteria with potential therapeutic abilities are known to preferentially colonize solid tumors after systemic administration. How they efficiently find and invade the tumors is still unclear. However, this is an important issue to be clarified when bacteria should be tailored for application in cancer therapy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We describe the initial events of colonization of an ectopic transplantable tumor by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Initially, after intravenous administration, bacteria were found in blood, spleen, and liver. Low numbers were also detected in tumors associated with blood vessels as could be observed by immunohistochemistry. A rapid increase of TNF-alpha in blood was observed at that time, in addition to other pro-inflammatory cytokines. This induced a tremendous influx of blood into the tumors by vascular disruption that could be visualized in H&E stainings and quantified by hemoglobin measurements of tumor homogenate. Most likely, together with the blood, bacteria were flushed into the tumor. In addition, blood influx was followed by necrosis formation, bacterial growth, and infiltration of neutrophilic granulocytes. Depletion of TNF-alpha retarded blood influx and delayed bacterial tumor-colonization. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize similarities between Gram-negative tumor-colonizing bacteria and tumor vascular disrupting agents and show the involvement of TNF-alpha in the initial phase of tumor-colonization by bacteria.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI PADI Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Nogosari, Boyolali, Jawa Tengah

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MAHANANTO - -

2012-05-01

was not optimum either so that its use needed to be increased.   Keywords: Rice production, production factor ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian antara lain untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan produksi padi sawah, dan menganalisis tingkat optimasi penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi pada usahatani padi sawah. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 120 petani sampel di empat desa sampel di wilayah Kecamatan Nogosari, Kabupaten Boyolali, Jawa Tengah. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yang pertama menentukan sampel desa yang dilakukan dengan metode stratified random sampling dan yang kedua menentukan petani sampel yang dilakukan dengan metode simpel random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah model Fungsi produksi Transendental. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: model yang digunaka secara simultan faktor-faktor luas lahan garapan, jumlah tenaga kerja efektif, jumlah pupuk, jumlah pestisida, pengalaman petani dalam berusahatani, jarak rumah petani dengan lahan garapan, dan sistem irigasi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap peningkatan produksi padi sawah. Selain itu model yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa: secara parsial luas lahan garapan, jumlah tenaga kerja efektif, jumlah pupuk, jumlah pestisida (obat-obatan, jarak lahan garapan dengan rumah petani, dan sistem irigasi berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan produksi padi sawah, sedangkan, pengalaman petani tidak berpengaruh (non significant terhadap peningkatan produksi padi sawah. Sedangkan hasil analisis optimasi (efisiensi ekonomis penggunaan faktor produksi menunjukkan bahwa: luas lahan garapan belum optimum (efisien sehingga penggunaannya perlu ditambah, jumlah tenaga kerja efektif tidak optimum sehingga penggunaannya perlu dikurangi terutama pada MT. I dan MT. II sedangkan pada MT. III sudah optimum (efisien, jumlah pupuk tidak optimum sehingga penggunaannya perlu dikurangi, jumlah pestisida (obat

Tumor necrosis factor alpha polymorphism correlates with deleterious effects of ultraviolet B light on cutaneous immunity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vincek, V.; Kurimoto, I.; Medema, J. P.; Prieto, E.; Streilein, J. W.

1993-01-01

Intradermally injected tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mimics the effects of UV B light (UVB) radiation and neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies abolish the deleterious effects of UVB on induction of contact hypersensitivity suggesting that TNF-alpha is the major mediator of UVB effects on

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN ASCARIASIS PADA MURID SEKOLAH DASAR

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Atikah Mardhika Ihsan

2015-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakKejadian Ascariasis masih tinggi di Kota Padang, terutama pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya kejadian Ascariasis ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Ascariasis pada murid Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan metode cross sectional study yang dilakukan pada 122 murid SDN 25 dan 28 Purus, Kota Padang pada bulan Desember 2013. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti antara lain higienitas perorangan, tingkat pengetahuan ibu, sanitasi lingkungan, tempat tinggal, dan tingkat penghasilan orang tua. Hubungan antar variabel dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa murid yang positif Ascariasis sebesar 34,4%. Kejadian Ascariasis ditemukan pada murid yang higienitas perorangan kurang baik sebesar 52%, tingkat pengetahuan ibu yang rendah sebesar 34,9%, sanitasi lingkungan yang kurang baik sebesar 29,3%, dan tingkat penghasilan orang tua yang rendah sebesar 37%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara higienitas perorangan (p=0.06, pengetahuan ibu (p=1, sanitasi lingkungan (p=0,35, dan tingkat penghasilan orang tua (p=0,59 dengan kejadian Ascariasis. Kesimpulan: Kejadian Ascariasis pada pada murid SDN 25 dan 28 Purus, Kota Padang tahun 2013 tidak berkaitan dengan higienitas perorangan, pengetahuan ibu, sanitasi lingkungan, dan tingkat penghasilan orang tua.AbstractThe prevalence of Ascariasis is still high in Padang, especially at primary school age children. There are many factors contribute to the high incidence of this Ascariasis. The purpose of this study was to know the factors that associated with the incidence of Ascariasis in primary school. This study uses an analytical design method of cross -sectional study on 122 students in 25 and 28 primary school Purus, Padang in December 2013. The factors studied include personal hygiene, level of maternal knowledge, sanitary

Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kualitas Hidup Pasien dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner

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Aan Nuraenii

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Prevalensi Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya dan menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di masyarakat saat ini. PJK berdampak terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan penderitanya baik fisik, psikososial maupun spiritual yang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup pasien. Isu kualitas hidup dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan didalamnya belum tergambar jelas di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup pada pasien PJK yang sedang menjalani rawat jalan. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini meliputi jenis kelamin, tingkat penghasilan, revaskularisasi jantung, rehabilitasi jantung, kecemasan, depresi dan kesejahteraan spiritual. Kecemasan diukur dengan Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale, depresi diukur dengan Beck Depression Inventory II, kesejahteraan spiritual diukur dengan kuesioner Spirituality Index of Well-Beingdan kualitas hidup diukur menggunakan Seattle Angina Questionnaire. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuantitatif deskriptif dan analitik multivariatedengan regresi logistic. Diteliti pada 100 responden yang diambil secara randomdalam kurun waktu 1 bulan di Poli Jantung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup pada pasien PJK adalah cemas (p 0,002; Odd Ratio(OR 4,736 (95% confidence interval(CI, 1,749 – 12,827; depresi (p 0,003; OR 5,450 ( 95% CI, 1,794 – 16,562; dan revaskularisasi (p 0,033; OR 3,232 (95% CI, 1,096 – 9,528. Depresi menjadi faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup pasien PJK. Faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup pada pasien PJK meliputi depresi, cemas dan revaskularisasi. Dari ketiga variabel tersebut depresi merupakan variabel yang paling signifikan berpengaruh, sehingga manajemen untuk mencegah depresi perlu mendapatkan perhatian lebih baik lagi dalam discharge planningataupun rehabilitasi jantung.

ANALISA FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPERCAYAAN DAN PENGARUH KEPERCAYAAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PENGGUNA INTERNET BANKING DI SURABAYA

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Sri Maharsi

2006-01-01

Full Text Available This research intends to know the factors that influence the trust and the influence of the trust of the users' loyalty to internet banking in Surabaya. The sample of this research is 106 users of internet banking at BCA, Lippo, Mandiri, Niaga, BII, Permata, Bukopin and Mega Bank. The statistical tool used in this research was Structural Equation Modelling (SEM. Data were analyzed using statistical software LISREL 8.30. The results of this research indicated that opportunistic behaviour control was the greatest factor that influencing I-Banking customers' trust, followed by shared value and communication, moreover this research also proved that trust act as the factor that influence the internet banking users' loyalty. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepercayaan dan apakah kepercayaan mempengaruhi loyalitas pengguna terhadap internet banking di Surabaya. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 106, yang merupakan pengguna internet banking dari bank BCA, Lippo, Mandiri, Niaga, BII, Permata, Bukopin dan Mega. Alat statistik yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Modelling (SEM. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan software statistik LISREL 8.30. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa opportunistic behaviour control merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kepercayaan nasabah terhadap internet banking, diikuti oleh shared value dan komunikasi, penelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa kepercayaan berperan sebagai faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas pengguna internet banking. Kata kunci: internet banking, kepercayaan, loyalitas.

Antitumor effect of intra-arterial tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} in rats with transplanted intracerebral glioma and its evaluation by MRI

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harada, Kunyu; Yoshida, Jun; Wakabayashi, Toshihiko; Sugita, Kenichiro [Nagoya Univ. (Japan). School of Medicine; Kurisu, Kaoru; Uozumi, Tohru; Zieroth, B.F.; Takahashi, Masaya; Yamanaka, Tsuyoshi

1995-12-01

Recombinant human TNF-{alpha} was administrated intra-arterially to rats with transplanted intracerebral glioma. 1 x 10{sup 6} of T9 rat glioma cells were transplanted into Fisher 344 rat brain stereotaxically and 1000 units of TNF-{alpha} was administrated at a rate of 100{mu}l/min via an internal carotid artery 1 or 3 weeks after the transplantation. The effects of TNF-{alpha} were evaluated by MRI and histopathological examinations. Neurological symptoms, i.e. hemiparesis, appeared after 9.0{+-}0.63 days and all rats died of tumor overloading 14.5{+-}0.84 days after the transplantation. Single injection of TNF-{alpha} on 7th day after the transplantation induced regression of the tumor size in one of six rats. The tumors were detected 3 days after transplantation by MRI and they were revealed as low/iso intensity mass in T1WI, iso/high intensity in T2WI, and were enhanced by Gd-DTPA heterogenously. On 7/14 days after the transplantation, the tumor grew approximately 7/10 mm in diameter. The single 1000 units of TNF-{alpha} were administrated via an internal carotid artery. Three days after the administration or TNF-{alpha}, regression of the tumor size was seen in one of six rats and decrease of peritumoral edema was seen in three. These effects of TNF-{alpha} were, however, transient and they were not demonstrated on day 7. Single injection of TNF-{alpha} was not effective for large tumors more than 10 mm in diameter seen 14 days after the transplantation. These data suggest that intra-arterial TNF-{alpha} should be administrated at an early stage of the tumor growth and several injections are needed to cause regression in the size of the gliomas. (author).

Apoptosis and tumor cell death in response to HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells).

Science.gov (United States)

Hallgren, Oskar; Aits, Sonja; Brest, Patrick; Gustafsson, Lotta; Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Wullt, Björn; Svanborg, Catharina

2008-01-01

HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) is a molecular complex derived from human milk that kills tumor cells by a process resembling programmed cell death. The complex consists of partially unfolded alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid, and both the protein and the fatty acid are required for cell death. HAMLET has broad antitumor activity in vitro, and its therapeutic effect has been confirmed in vivo in a human glioblastoma rat xenograft model, in patients with skin papillomas and in patients with bladder cancer. The mechanisms of tumor cell death remain unclear, however. Immediately after the encounter with tumor cells, HAMLET invades the cells and causes mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cytochrome c release, phosphatidyl serine exposure, and a low caspase response. A fraction of the cells undergoes morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis, but caspase inhibition does not rescue the cells and Bcl-2 overexpression or altered p53 status does not influence the sensitivity of tumor cells to HAMLET. HAMLET also creates a state of unfolded protein overload and activates 20S proteasomes, which contributes to cell death. In parallel, HAMLET translocates to tumor cell nuclei, where high-affinity interactions with histones cause chromatin disruption, loss of transcription, and nuclear condensation. The dying cells also show morphological changes compatible with macroautophagy, and recent studies indicate that macroautophagy is involved in the cell death response to HAMLET. The results suggest that HAMLET, like a hydra with many heads, may interact with several crucial cellular organelles, thereby activating several forms of cell death, in parallel. This complexity might underlie the rapid death response of tumor cells and the broad antitumor activity of HAMLET.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Organisasi Pengelola Zakat

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Sugiyarti Fatma Laela

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini menguji faktor-faktor yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja efisiensi Organisasi Pengelola Zakat (OPZ. Efisiensi dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada rasio program spending terhadap total spending. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian empiris yang menggunakan data primer dan sekunder dengan metode cross section dari dua puluh tiga sampel OPZ. dengan menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS, hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komposisi Dewan Pembina tidak memiliki pengruh yng signifikan terhdp efisiensi OPZ. Namun rasio jumlah Dewan Pengawas terhadap Direktur Pelaksana memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara statistik dengan efisiensi OPZ. Semakin tinggi rasio jumlah Dewan Pengawas terhadap Direktur Pelaksana, semakin efisien suatu OPZ. Demikian juga keberadaan laporan auditor independen akan meningkatkan efisiensi OPZ. Empat variabel independen lainnya yaitu, perubahan kompensasi yang dibayarkan kepada pegawai, penerapan program manajemen dan system budaya yang efficiency emphasis, struktur kelembagaan OPZ dan ukuran (size OPZ tidak terbukti memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap efisiensi. Variabel ekplanatori dalam model penelitian ini mampu menjelaskan 64.4 persen variasi pergerakan efisiensi OPZ.JEL Classification : I30, L23, L25, L30Keywords : OPZ, Kinerja Efisiensi, Program spending

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERUBAHAN INDEKS HARGA SAHAM DI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX SELAMA TAHUN 2011

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Lely Fera Triani

2014-03-01

Indeks harga saham gabungan merupakan cerminan dari kegiatan pasar modal secara umum. Pergerakan indeks harga saham gabungan yang meningkat menunjukkan kondisi pasar modal sedang bullish, sebaliknya jika menurun menunjukkan kondisi pasar modal sedang bearish. Kejadian tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor makroekonomi, seperti: volume perdagangan saham, nilai tukar, dan Suku Bunga Indonesia. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis: pengaruh faktor makro ekonomi melalui volume perdagngan saham, nilai tukar, dan suku bunga Indonesia terhadap Indeks harga saham gabungan di Jakarta Islamic Index. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah: volume perdagangan saham, nilai tukar, suku bunga Indonesia, dan Indeks harga saham gabungan di Jakarta Islamic Index dengan menggunakan data harian selama tahun 2011, sehingga data pada observasi (n = 247. Ada pengaruh faktor ekonomi makro yang diwakili oleh volume transaksi, dan tingkat suku bunga terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan. Variabelnilai tukar tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan. Hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh nilai F = 27,416; menjadi jelas bahwa perubahan dalam volume transaksi, nilai tukar, dan nilai suku bunga berpengaruh signifikan secara bersama-sama Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan.

Model Sukses Faktor Wirausaha Wanita The Model Of Women Entrepeneurs Success Factors

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Nur Achmad

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Wirausaha wanita merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang mendukung ekonomi dan hasil riset menegaskan ada banyak faktor yang menjadi penyebab fenomena ini sehingga sukses faktor wirausaha wanita menarik dicermati. Tujuan penelitian ini melakukan eksplorasi dari tiga sukses faktor kewirausahaan yaitu: kredit perbankan, pelatihan motivator dan inspirasi sukses yang dilakukan dengan survei. Hasil analisis menunjukan ketiga kunci sukses faktor tersebut berpengaruh terhadap jumlah aset, tingkat produksi, produktivitas, dan juga jumlah profit sedangkan pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan jumlah pekerja tidak terjadi. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan dalam bentuk homogenitas responden sehingga generalisasinya menjadi acuan untuk riset lanjutan dan sekaligus menjadi celah adanya research gap.

POSISI DAYA SAING DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI EKSPOR BUAH-BUAHAN INDONESIA

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Amalia Pradipta

2015-02-01

Full Text Available The success of competitiveness of Indonesian fruits export in the destination countries is determined by comparative and competitive advantage and other factors. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA and Export Product Dynamic (EPD are used in this research to analyze the position of competitiveness of Indonesian fruits export. This research also uses panel gravity model to analyze the factors which affect the export volume of Indonesia fruits (mango, mangosteen, rambutan, banana, and melon. The results from EPD and RCA method show that fruits which have the highest comparative and competitive advantage in destination countries and the world are mangoesteen, mango, and guava. Indonesian fruit which lost its opportunity to compete in the destination countries is strawberry. The results of this research shows that the factors which influence the export of Indonesian fruits to the destination countries are export price, population, economic distance, real GDP and GDP per capita, real exchange rate, Indonesian consumer price index, and dummy variable of crisis which happened in Europe.Keywords: competitiveness, EPD, gravity model, RCAABSTRAKKeberhasilan daya saing ekspor buah Indonesia di negara tujuan ditentukan oleh keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif serta faktor lainnya. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA dan Export Product Dynamic (EPD digunakan untuk menganalisis posisi daya saing ekspor buah-buahan Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini digunakan analisis data panel gravity model untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi aliran volume ekspor buah-buahan Indonesia (mangga, manggis, rambutan, pisang, dan melon. Pada metode Export Product Dynamic (EPD dan Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA menunjukkan bahwa buah yang memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif tertinggi di negara tujuan dan dunia adalah buah manggis, mangga, dan jambu. Ekspor buah Indonesia yang kehilangan kesempatan dalam bersaing di negara tujuan adalah stroberi. Hasil

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ADOPSI APLIKASI UBER SEBAGAI PENYEDIA JASA TRANSPORTASI DI SURABAYA

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Edwin Hendrani

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Seiring berjalannya waktu, Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK di dunia ini semakin berkembang dengan pesat. Permintaan masyarakat akan kebutuhan jasa transportasi semakin tinggi. Kemajuan internet dan canggihnya telepon genggam semakin lama semakin canggih, yang membuat lebih nyaman dan efisiensi untuk memanjakan masyarakat. Dari fenomena tersebut lahirlah Uber. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Technology Acceptance Model (TAM dengan populasi user Uber Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi aplikasi Uber sebagai penyedia jasa Transportasi di Surabaya. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah di analisis oleh peneliti adalah kepercayaan pengguna dalam mengadopsi aplikasi Uber yang sangat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keinginan seseorang untuk menggunakan aplikasi Uber.

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Burnout pada Wanita Bekerja di Kabupaten Banyumas

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Keksi Girindra Swasti

2018-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTThe globalization era has given many changes in some aspects of life such as women participation in work field. There are women can perform their potential ability in doing their work. The effects of doing their role, women oftentimes feel weary not only physical but also mental and emotional therefore it can influence their work performance and personal life. This condition is called by “burnout”. Burnout is influenced by individual, environment and cultural factor. Based on that problem, the researcher is interested to find out some factors that influence burnout for working women in Banyumas Regency. This research is quantitative by descriptive analysis design and the sample is chosen by simple random sampling. The relationship between characteristic of respondent demography and burn out was analyzed by Chi-Square and Sommers d test. The result of analysis are 55% respond are mild burnout and 42,5% are moderate burnout. Level of education, kind of work, amount of income and work duration are some factors that influence burnout for working women in Banyumas Regency. Based on that fact, it is needed some efforts to prevent sustainable burnout.   ABSTRAKEra globalisasi telah memberikan banyak perubahan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk  partisipasi wanita dalam lapangan pekerjaan. Tidak sedikit  wanita yang mampu menunjukkan potensinya dalam menjalankan peran diberbagai bidang keahliannya. Dalam menjalankan perannya, seringkali wanita merasakan kelelahan yang berlebihan,  tidak hanya fisik namun juga mental dan emosional yang kemudian berimbas pada performa kerja dan kehidupan personalnya. Kondisi ini dikenal dengan istilah burnout. Burnout dipengaruhi oleh faktor individu, lingkungan, dan budaya.  Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi burnout pada wanita bekerja di Kabupaten  Banyumas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain analisis deskriptif

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KINERJA DOSEN

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Rino

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Factors Affecting Lecturers’ Performance. This study aims to find out the effects of smart campus information technology, implementation of ISO 9001:2008 quality management system, and leadership skills on lecturers’ knowledge management, work motivation, and performance. Using a ran­dom-proportional-sampling technique, the study involved 175 lecturers, a number required in SEM analysis. Data were analyzed using a structural equation modeling of AMOS19 software. The findings indicate that smart campus information technology and leadership skills significantly affect lecturers’ knowledge management, and that leadership skills as well as motivation influence lecturers’ performance significantly. Keywords: information technology, quality management, leadership skill, performance, knowledge management, work motivation Abstrak: Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Kinerja Dosen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penga­ruh teknologi informasi smart kampus, implementasi sistem manajemen mutu ISO9001: 2008, dan kete­rampilan kepemimpinan terhadap knowledge managemen,t motivasi kerja dan kinerja dosen UNP. Populasi penelitian adalah dosen Universitas Negeri Padang. Ukuran sampel ditentukan berdasarkan persyaratan analisis SEM menggunakan model estimasi maximum likelihood sehingga diperoleh 175 responden dengan teknik proportional randome sampling. Data dianalisis dengan structural equation modelling mengguna­kan software AMOS19. Hasil penelitian ini adalah teknologi informasi smart kampus berpengaruh signi­fikan terhadap knowledge management, skill kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap knowledge manajement, skill kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dosen, dan motivasi kerja ber­pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dosen. Kata kunci: informasi & teknologi, manajemen mutu, keterampilan kepemimpinan, kinerja, manajemen pengetahuan, motivasi kerja

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEINGINAN BERPINDAH AUDITOR (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK DI JAWA TENGAH DAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

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Devi Permatasari

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keinginan berpindah auditor dari Kantor Akuntan Publik, yaitu faktor-faktor gaya kepemimpinan, konflik peran, ambiguitas peran, kesempatan promosi, kepuasan gaji, kebutuhan untuk berkembang, komitmen organisasi, dan kepuasan kerja. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua auditor yang bekerja di Kantor Akuntan Publik di Jawa Tengah dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 127 responden yang bekerja sebagai auditor di Kantor Akuntan Publik yang tersebar di Jawa Tengah dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, yaitu kota Semarang, Surakarta, Purwokerto, dan Yogyakarta. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi menggunakan teknik multivariat Structural Equation Modeling (SEM. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa keinginan berpindah auditor dari Kantor Akuntan Publik banyak dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor, seperti gaya kepemimpinan, konflik peran, ambiguitas peran, kesempatan promosi, kepuasan gaji, dan kebutuhan untuk berkembang yang dimediasi oleh variabel komitmen organisasi dan kepuasan kerja The objective of this research is to investigate the factors of auditor’s turnover intention at public accountant firms, there are leadership style, role conflict, role ambiguity, promotion opportunities, pay satisfaction, personal growth needs, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. Population of the research is all of auditors who have been working at public accountant firms in Central Java and DIY. Whereas the sample is 127 respondents who have been working as an auditor at public accountant firms, spread in Central Java and DIY, there are Semarang, Surakarta, Purwokerto, and Yogyakarta. The hypothesis test was done by regression analysis using multivariate techniques Structural Equation Modeling (SEM. Based on the results of hypothesis test, then the conclusions are auditor’s turnover

HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) triggers autophagic tumor cell death.

Science.gov (United States)

Aits, Sonja; Gustafsson, Lotta; Hallgren, Oskar; Brest, Patrick; Gustafsson, Mattias; Trulsson, Maria; Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Simon, Hans-Uwe; Mograbi, Baharia; Svanborg, Catharina

2009-03-01

HAMLET, a complex of partially unfolded alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid, kills a wide range of tumor cells. Here we propose that HAMLET causes macroautophagy in tumor cells and that this contributes to their death. Cell death was accompanied by mitochondrial damage and a reduction in the level of active mTOR and HAMLET triggered extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization and the formation of double-membrane-enclosed vesicles typical of macroautophagy. In addition, HAMLET caused a change from uniform (LC3-I) to granular (LC3-II) staining in LC3-GFP-transfected cells reflecting LC3 translocation during macroautophagy, and this was blocked by the macroautophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. HAMLET also caused accumulation of LC3-II detected by Western blot when lysosomal degradation was inhibited suggesting that HAMLET caused an increase in autophagic flux. To determine if macroautophagy contributed to cell death, we used RNA interference against Beclin-1 and Atg5. Suppression of Beclin-1 and Atg5 improved the survival of HAMLET-treated tumor cells and inhibited the increase in granular LC3-GFP staining. The results show that HAMLET triggers macroautophagy in tumor cells and suggest that macroautophagy contributes to HAMLET-induced tumor cell death.

ANALISIS FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP REALISASI PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA MAGELANG PERIODE TAHUN 2001-2010)

OpenAIRE

Priyono, Nuwun

2016-01-01

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Kota Magelang Periode Tahun 2001-2010. Penelitian berlokasi di Kota Magelang Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder, yang diperoleh melalui website Direktorat jenderal perimbangan keuangan dan Kantor Litbang Kota Magelang, serta datang langsung ke Kantor Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Magelang.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kausalitas dibant...

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN MP-ASI PADA BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN DI BPM NURTILA PALEMBANG

OpenAIRE

Rahmalia Afriyani; Shintya Halisa; Hetty Rolina

2016-01-01

WHO dan UNICEFmerekomendasikan standar emas pemberian makan pada bayi  yaitu  menyusui bayi secara eksklusif sejak lahir sampai dengan umur 6 bulan didahului dengan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) segera setelah lahir, mulai umur 6 bulan berikan Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian MP-ASI pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di BPM Nurtila Palembang tahun 2016.Desain penelitian kuantitatif bersifat survei analitik dengan pe...

Quantitative gene-expression of the tumor angiogenesis markers vascular endothelial growth factor, integrin alphaV and integrin beta3 in human neuroendocrine tumors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Oxboel, Jytte; Binderup, Tina; Knigge, Ulrich

2009-01-01

, in neuroendocrine tumors. We used quantitative real-time PCR for measuring mRNA gene-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), integrin alphaV, and integrin beta3, and CD34 for a group of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (n=13). Tissue from patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (n=14...... compared to both colorectal liver metastases (p=0.10) and normal liver tissue (p=0.06). In neuroendocrine tumors, gene-expression was highly variable of VEGF (530-fold), integrin alphaV (23-fold) and integrin beta3 (106-fold). Quantitative gene-expression levels of the key angiogenesis molecules VEGF......Anti-angiogenesis treatment is a promising new therapy for cancer that recently has also been suggested for patients with neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the level of tumor angiogenesis, and thereby the molecular basis for anti-angiogenesis treatment...

ANALISIS FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG DIPERTIMBANGKAN KONSUMEN KOSMETIKA DALAM KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK PEMUTIH WAJAH

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Indarti - -

2012-05-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh keinginan wanita tampil lebih cantik dengan kulit yang putih dan bersih, sehingga muncul produk kosmetika pemutih wajah. Dengan munculnya banyak produk pemutih wajah ini maka konsumen dihadapkan pada berbagai faktor untuk pengambilan keputusan pembelian produk kosmetika pemutih wajah. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu: Tujuan pertama adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan konsumen dalam mengambil keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik pemutih wajah. Tujuan Kedua adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor kelas sosial, kelompok referensi, keluarga, sikap, motivasi, dan persepsi terhadap keputusan pembelian kosmetik pemutih wajah. Tujuan Ketiga adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi konsumen dalam mengambil keputusan pembelian kosmetik pemutih wajah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 02 Agustus 2002 sampai dengan 15 Oktober 2002. Responden yang diambil dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswi yang sudah menggunakan produk kosmetik pemutih wajah sampai dengan saat ini. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan accidental sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisa Faktor dan Analisis Regresi Berganda. Variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada 18 variabel yaitu tingkat sosial, tingkat pendapatan, tingkat selera, pengalaman teman kampus, pengalaman tetangga, pengalaman sahabat karib, peran ibu, saudara kandung, famili, merek baru, merek sama, keamanan, trend atau mode, kepercayaan, kecantikan, kemasan, kualitas dan harga. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah: 1 Terdapat 6 faktor yang dipertimbangkan oleh mahasiswi dalam memutuskan membeli kosmetik wajah. Keenam faktor yang dipertimbangkan adalah faktor keluarga dan sikap yang meliputi keamanan, merek baru, peran ibu dan saudara kandung;  faktor motivasi meliputi kemasan

PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI PT. BANK BNI SYARIAH KANTOR CABANG JAKARTA BARAT DAN BOGOR

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Atika Dyah Perwita

2017-01-01

Full Text Available BNI Syariah as a shariah public bank is committed to fulfill and complete the plan in developing the human resource from time to time to support the performance and provide the best service for the stakeholder and also to create world class human capital.  The organization’s effort to increase the productivity both in financial and non financial aspect has experienced various constraints; one of them is the declining of the employee’s performance due to the declination of the motivation.  The objective of the research is to study the most influential motivation factors to the employee’s performance.  The data is collected using the annual report of the company, conducted interviews and questionnaire with differential semantic scale.  The data is analyzed with Partial Least Square (PLS.  The result shows that both motivation and hygiene factor influence the employee’s performance.  The most influenced factor in both offices is hygiene.  The most dominant indicator in hygiene factor reflection in developing the performance of the employee is the working condition and interpersonal relationship.    Keywords:   hygiene factor, performance, extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation motivator AbstrakBNI Syariah sebagai Bank Umum Syariah berkomitmen untuk memenuhi dan menyempurnakan rencana pengembangan SDM dari waktu ke waktu untuk menunjang kinerja dan layanan yang terbaik kepada para stakeholder serta mewujudkan world class human capital. Usaha organisasi untuk meningkatkan produktivitasnya baik dalam aspek finansial maupun non finansial mengalami berbagai hambatan, salah satunya adalah penurunan kinerja karyawan yang disebabkan oleh penurunan tingkat motivasi karyawan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji faktor-faktor motivasi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data laporan tahunan perusahaan, wawancara dan Kuesioner dengan skala semantic differential. Analisis data

Serum concentrations of interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in neonatal sepsis and meningitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fida, Nadia M.; Fadelallah, Mohamed F.; Al-Mughales, Jamil A.

2006-01-01

To investigate whether serum levels of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), C-reactive protein (CRP) are useful in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and meningitis and differentiate them. Blood samples were collected from 35 full term neonates with suspected infection who admitted to the Neonatology Unit, Pediatric Department, King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during January 2002 - June 2003. On the basis of laboratory and bacteriological results, newborns were classified into: sepsis (n=28), meningitis (n=7), and healthy controls (n=16). Sepsis groups were further subdivided according to culture results into: group 1 = proven sepsis (n=6), group 2 = clinical sepsis (n=14), and group 3 = possible-infected (n=8). Serum levels of IL-1alpha, IL-6, TNF-alpha were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay while CRP by nephelometer: In sepsis and meningitis patients, serum levels of CRP (p<0.01, p<0.05,) and IL-1alpha (p<0.001, p<0.05) were elevated than controls. C-reactive protein levels elevated in proven sepsis (p<0.001) and IL-1alpha elevated in all subgroups of sepsis (groups 1, 2, 3) compared with (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.01) controls. Interleukin-6, TNF-alpha showed no significant differences between studied groups. In sepsis and meningitis, IL-1alpha had a highest sensitivity (89%, 86%), and negative predictive values (89% and 93%). Interleukin-1alpha and CRP increased in neonatal sepsis and meningitis, but cannot differentiate between them. Interleukin-1alpha had a highest sensitivity in prediction of neonatal infection and its assessment may improve accuracy of diagnosis. (author)

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Insomnia di Poliklinik Saraf RS DR. M. Djamil Padang

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Lydia Susanti

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Faktor risiko seperti usia lanjut, jenis kelamin wanita, penyakit penyerta (depresi dan penyakit lain, status sosial ekonomi rendah menyebabkan insomnia. Penelitian mengenai prevalensi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian insomnia di Poliklinik Saraf RS DR. M. Djamil Padang belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya insomnia di poliklinik saraf RS DR. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dihitung menggunakan rumus yang dikembangkan oleh Snedecor & Cochran dan didapatkan jumlah sampel 100 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acakdimana pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi langsung menjadi sampel penelitian. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan beberapa skala, Insomnia Severity Index, dan Beck depression inventory scale. Data dikumpulkan dari t 1 Juli sampai 31 Agustus 2013. Data ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan dilakukan analisis bivariatdan multivariat.  Kejadian Insomnia dialami oleh 38% (38 orang pasien yang berkunjung ke poliklinik saraf RS DR. M.Djamil Padang dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak pada wanita 24(45,3% dan pada kelompok umur  61-70 tahun (3,3%. Insomnia berhubungan dengan depresi (p= 0,00 dan tidak berhubungan dengan umur (p=0,472, jenis kelamin (p=0,111, status ekonomi (p=0,075, riwayat insomnia di keluarga (p=0,197. Depresi (p=0,00; OR=9,20 dan nyeri  kronik (p=0,031; OR=4.253 merupakan faktor yang dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian Insomnia. Kata Kunci: insomnia, tidur, insomnia severity index, beck depression inventory scaleAbstract A number of risk factors such as advanced age, female gender, co-morbidities (such as depression and other diseases, low socioeconomic status causes insomnia. Research on the frequency of insomnia in DR. M. Djamil hospital Padang has never been done. The objective of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence

Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Insiden Miopia Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas di Kota Padang

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Martga Bella Rahimi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Miopia merupakan kelainan refraktif yang paling banyak ditemukan di dunia. Hampir 90% miopia terjadi di negara berkembang. Berbagai faktor diduga berhubungan dengan insiden miopia seperti jenis kelamin, indeks masa tubuh (IMT, aktivitas dekat (dengan atau tanpa layar, aktivitas jauh (dengan atau tanpa layar, sosioekonomi, orangtua menderita miopia, serta riwayat kelahiran prematur atau berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan antara faktor-faktor tersebut dan insiden miopia pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas(SMA di Kota Padang. Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa SMA di Kota Padang yang berusia 15-17 tahun, dengan desain case-control study, population based dengan jumlah sampel 140 orang, yang terdiri dari 70 orang untuk kelompok kontrol dan 70 orang untuk kelompok kasus. Dikelompokkan setelah menguji ketajaman visus. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengukuran tinggi badan, berat badan, serta pengisian kuesioner. Selanjutnya, data diolah dengan uji statistik chi-square. Aktivitas dekat dengan layar, IMT dan aktivitas jauh dengan layar merupakan faktor dominan yang memengaruhi insiden miopia pada siswa SMA di Kota Padang. Dibuktikan juga bahwa jenis kelamin, sosioekonomi, orangtua menderita miopia, riwayat lahir prematur ataupun BBLR tidak  memengaruhi insiden miopia. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan positif antara faktor risiko dengan insiden miopia.Kata kunci: miopia, faktor risiko, pelajar SMAAbstract Myopia is the most common refractive error in the world. Almost 90% of myopia patients are found in the developing countries. There are several factors suspected to be related to the incidence of myopia, such as gender, body mass index, close-range activities (with or without screen, distance activities (with or without screen, socioeconomic state, history of myopia in parents, and history of prematurity or low birth weight. The objective of this study was to determine the relation of those

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSUMEN DALAM MEMILIH MOBIL MERK TOYOTA RUSH PADA PT. HADJI KALLA CABANG URIP SUMIHARJO MAKASSAR

OpenAIRE

PRABUANA H.P, MOCH.

2013-01-01

2012 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Faktor bauran Bauran pemasaran (marketing mix) terhadap keputusan pembelian mobil merek Toyota Rush pada PT. Hadji Kalla cabang Urip Sumiharjo Makassar. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari kuisioner (primer) dan beberapa observasi serta wawancara langsung dengan pihak terkait dengan produk mobil Toyota Rush. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel bauran pemasaran yang terdiri dari faktor Produk (kualitas), Harga, promosi, d...

Proliferative and antiproliferative effects of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cell lines derived from cervical and ovarian malignancies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mutch, D.G.; Massad, L.S.; Kao, M.S.; Collins, J.L.

1990-01-01

Four human cell lines derived from cervical carcinomas (ME-180, SiHa, HT-3, and MS751) and three human cell lines derived from ovarian carcinomas (SK-OV-3, Caov-3, and NIH:OVCAR-3) were analyzed in vitro to determine the effect of recombinant interferon-gamma and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cell growth and survival. The effects of interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and both interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cell growth were measured after 24 and 72 hours of incubation by the incorporation of chromium 51. The results of this analysis showed that all seven cell lines were resistant to the antiproliferative action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, that the growth of most cell lines was inhibited by interferon-gamma by 72 hours of incubation, and that after 72 hours of incubation all cell lines demonstrated a synergistic antiproliferative response to the combination of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. However, the effects of these cytokines on cell growth were found to differ among cell lines and varied with the concentration and the duration of incubation. The growth of one cell line (Caov-3) was stimulated by both tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. These results suggest that the clinical effects of these cytokines on the growth of gynecologic cancers may be more complex than previously supposed

Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and mortality in centenarians

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruunsgaard, Helle; Andersen-Ranberg, Karen; Hjelmborg, Jacob v B

2003-01-01

BACKGROUND: Aging is accompanied by low-grade inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha initiates the cytokine cascade, and high levels are associated with dementia and atherosclerosis in persons aged 100 years. We hypothesized that TNF-alpha was also a prognostic marker for all......-cause mortality in these persons. METHODS: We enrolled 126 subjects at or around the time of their 100th birthday. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and C-reactive protein were measured at baseline, and we determined the associations between the markers of inflammation and mortality during...... the subsequent 5 years. RESULTS: Only 9 subjects were alive after 5 years. Elevated levels of TNF-alpha were associated with mortality in both men and women (hazard ratio = 1.34 per SD of 2.81 pg/mL; 95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 1.60, P = 0.001). Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 did not affect survival; levels of C...

FAKTOR DETERMINAN KEMAMPUAN PERENCANAAN KARIER SISWA SMA NEGERI SE-KABUPATEN TEGAL

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Lu'luatun Miskiya

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor determinan kemampuan perencanaan karier siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian survey. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri se-Kabupaten Tegal. Teknik sampling yang digunakan Cluster Sampling Proporsional. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup. Analisis datanya menggunakan deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor keluarga menjadi faktor determinan terhadap kemampuan perencanaan karier siswa dengan perolehan persentase sebesar 80% yang berada dalam kategori tinggi. Sedangkan faktor belajar menjadi faktor yang kurang determinan terhadap kemampuan perencanaan karier siswa dengan perolehan persentase sebesar 67% yang berada dalam kategori sedang. Simpulan dari penelitian ini, faktor keluarga menjadi faktor determinan terhadap kemampuan perencanaan karier siswa. The purpose of the study was to find out the determinant  factor of students career planning ability. This research was using survey research with XI grades students of State Senior High Schools in Tegal regency as the population. Proportionate cluster sampling technique was used  in this study. Method for collecting data was used close questionnaire. The data analysis used descriptive percentages.The results showed family factor become the determinant factor of students career planning ability with the percentage of 80 % which is in the high category while learning factor become less determinant factor of the ability of students career planning with a percentage of 67%  in the medium category . It can concluded that family factor become  determinant factor in the ability of students career planning.

Combined cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha with various cytotoxic agents in tumor cell lines that are drug resistant due to mutated p53

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sleijfer, S; Le, T. K. P.; de Jong, S.; Timmer-Bosscha, H; Withoff, S; Mulder, NH

Several studies suggest that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is able to overcome drug resistance in tumors. Whether TNF is able to do so in tumor cell lines that are drug resistant due to a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene p53 is unclear. Therefore, we studied the in vitro cytotoxic effects

The tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 8 family in immune homeostasis and inflammatory cancer diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Luan, Y Y; Yao, Y M; Sheng, Z Y

2013-01-01

Within the immune system homeostasis is maintained by a myriad of mechanisms that include the regulation of immune cell activation and programmed cell death. The breakdown of immune homeostasis may lead to fatal inflammatory diseases. We set out to identify genes of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8) family that has a functional role in the process of immune homeostasis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8), which functions as an oncogenic molecule, is also associated with enhanced cell survival and inhibition of apoptosis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) governs immune homeostasis in both the innate and adaptive immune system and prevents hyper-responsiveness by negatively regulating signaling via T cell receptors and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). There also exist two highly homologous but uncharacterized proteins, TIPE1 and TIPE3. This review is an attempt to provide a summary of TNFAIP8 family associated with immune homeostasis and inflammatory cancer diseases.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KREATIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XII PEMASARAN PADA PEMBELAJARAN PRODUKTIF PEMASARAN DI SMK NEGERI 1 PURBALINGGA

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Widiyaningrum Widiyaningrum

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Kurikulum 2013 merupakan kurikulum yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan, kreativitas, inovasi dan produktivitas.SMK N 1 Purbalingga merupakan SMK yang sudah menerapkan Kurikulum 2013, akan tetapi kreativitas siswa kelas XII Pemasaran masih rendah. Siswa masih memiliki kreativitas yang rendah pada materi penataan produk dan promosi produk. Kreativitas dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi. Faktor yang mempengaruh kreativitas yaitu situasi yang mengadirkan ketidaklengkapan serta keterbukaan, situasi yang memungkinkan dan mendorong banyak pertanyaan, situasi yang mendorong dalam rangka menghasilkan sesuatu, situasi yang mendorong tanggung jawab dan kemandirian, situasi yang menekankan inisiatif diri, kedwibahasaan. perhatian dari orang tuastimulasi dari lingkungan sekolah, motivasi diri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jumlah responden 38 siswa. metode pengumpulan datamenggunakan angket, dan metode analisis data menggunakan analisis faktor untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kreativitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kreativitas, yaitu keadaan saat pembelajaran dan rangsangan dari lingkungan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kreativitas belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh keadaan saat pembelajaran dan rangsangan dari lingkungan. Curriculum 2013 is a curriculum that aims to enhance the activity, creativity, innovation and productivity. SMK N 1 Purbalingga is already implementing vocational curriculum in 2013, but the creativity of students of class XII Marketing is still low. Students still have the creativity that is low on product structuring materials and promotional products. Creativity can be affected by factors affecting. Factors that influence the creativity that is the situation that presents the incompleteness and openness, a situation that enables and encourages a lot of questions, the situation is encouraging in order to produce

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK ASURANSI SYARI'AH

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Kuat Ismanto

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini ingin membuktikan pengaruh religiusitas terhadap keputusan pembelian asuransi syariah, dengan marketing mix sebagai variabel moderator. Aspek marketing mix yang diambil meliputi lokasi, harga, promosi, dan produk. Data diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 76 peserta dengan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa faktor religiusitas, dengan menempatkan marketing mix sebagai variabel moderator, semakin menguatkan keputusan pembelian dibanding tanpa marketing mix.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-independent downregulation of hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene in mice treated with lead nitrate.

Science.gov (United States)

Kojima, Misaki; Sekikawa, Kenji; Nemoto, Kiyomitsu; Degawa, Masakuni

2005-10-01

We previously reported that lead nitrate (LN), an inducer of hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), downregulated gene expression of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase. Herein, to clarify the role of TNF-alpha in LN-induced downregulation of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, effects of LN on gene expression of hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) in TNF-alpha-knockout (KO) and TNF-alpha-wild-type (WT) mice were comparatively examined. Gene expression of hepatic Cyp7a1 in both WT and KO mice decreased to less than 5% of the corresponding controls at 6-12 h after treatment with LN (100 mumol/kg body weight, iv). Levels of hepatic TNF-alpha protein in either WT or KO mice were below the detection limit, although expression levels of the TNF-alpha gene markedly increased at 6 h in WT mice by LN treatment, but not in KO mice. In contrast, in both WT and KO mice, levels of hepatic IL-1beta protein, which is known to be a suppressor of the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene in hamsters, were significantly increased 3-6 h after LN treatment. Furthermore, LN-induced downregulation of the Cyp7a1 gene did not necessarily result from altered gene expression of hepatic transcription factors, including positive regulators (liver X receptor alpha, retinoid X receptor alpha, fetoprotein transcription factor, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha) and a negative regulator small heterodimer partner responsible for expression of the Cyp7a1 gene. The present findings indicated that LN-induced downregulation of the Cyp7a1 gene in mice did not necessarily occur through a TNF-alpha-dependent pathway and might occur mainly through an IL-1beta-dependent pathway.

FAKTOR - FAKTOR PENYEBAB MUNCULNYA ACTIVITY SUPPORT DI KAWASAN RUANG PUBLIK BUNDARAN HOTEL INDONESIA JAKARTA PUSAT

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Endah Mustikowati

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Area Bundaran Hotel Indonesia menjadi salah satu ruang publik di mana banyak pengunjung datang untuk melakukan berbagai kegiatan. Kondisi ini menyebabkan munculnya activity support misalnya PKL, penyewa peralatan olahraga, dan beberapa hiburan jalanan. Di puncak intensitas kegiatan, activity support tersebut tersebar di beberapa tempat ini seperti di koridor utama, jalur pejalan kaki dan air plaza mancur. Melihat fenomena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat faktor-faktor penyebab munculnya activity support tersebut. Dalam menjawab tujuan penelitian, digunakan penelitian rasionalistik kuantitatif sebagai paradigma untuk membangun variabel faktor berdasarkan teori Activity Support dan Ruang Publik. Variabel yang dioperasionalkan dalam kuesioner dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis faktor uji statistik. Jumlah faktor variabel yang memiliki korelasi yang kuat dalam analisis tereduksi menjadi beberapa factor yang signifikan sebagai penyebab dari munculnya activity support di ruang publik, yaitu, area pedesrian, jalan masuk, sirkulasi dan parkir, keragaman kegiatan, karakteristik ruang publik, jenis kegiatan, bentuk-makna-arti ruang publik, aksesibilitas dan visual, budaya, fungsi dan bentuk ruang publik dan area lansekap, batasan kawasan dan ciri khas dari ruang publik. [Title: The Factors Causing Appearance of Activity Support in The Public Area Around Bundaran Hotel Indonesia in Central Jakarta] Bundaran Hotel Indonesia area becomes one of public space where many of people have coming to do some activities here. This condition causes the occurrences of activity support for instance the street vendors, sport equipments tenants, and some of street entertaintment. In the peak of intensity of activities, the activity supports crowded around this area such as in the main corridor, pedestrian pathways and fountain plaza. Seeing those phenomena, it could be concluded that there are causal factors of the occurrences of the activity support. In

Zeitlicher Verlauf der avaskulären Nekrose des Hüftkopfes bei Patienten mit Pemphigus vulgaris.

Science.gov (United States)

Balighi, Kamran; Daneshpazhooh, Maryam; Aghazadeh, Nessa; Saeidi, Vahide; Shahpouri, Farzam; Hejazi, Pardis; Chams-Davatchi, Cheyda

2016-10-01

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) wird in der Regel mit systemischen Corticosteroiden und Immunsuppressiva behandelt. Avaskuläre Nekrose (AVN) des Hüftkopfes ist eine gut bekannte schwerere Komplikation einer Corticosteroid-Therapie. Die Charakteristika dieser schweren Komplikation bei PV sind nach wie vor unbekannt. Nicht kontrollierte, retrospektive Untersuchung aller PV-bedingten AVN-Fälle, die in einer iranischen Klinik für bullöse Autoimmunerkrankungen zwischen 1985 und 2013 diagnostiziert wurden. Anhand der Krankenakten von 2321 untersuchten PV-Patienten wurden 45 Fälle (1,93 %) von femoraler AVN identifiziert. Dreißig davon waren Männer. Das mittlere Alter bei der Diagnose der AVN betrug 47,4 ± 14,2 Jahre. Der mittlere Zeitraum zwischen der Diagnose des PV und dem Einsetzen der AVN lag bei 25,3 ± 18,3 Monaten. Mit Ausnahme von acht Fällen (17,8 %) setzte die AVN bei der Mehrheit der Patienten innerhalb von drei Jahren nach Diagnose des PV ein. Die mittlere kumulative Dosis von Prednisolon bei Patienten mit AVN betrug 13.115,8 ± 7041,1 mg. Zwischen der Prednisolon-Gesamtdosis und dem Zeitraum bis zum Einsetzen der AVN bestand eine starke Korrelation (p = 0,001). Bei Patienten mit Alendronateinnahme in der Vorgeschichte war dieser Zeitraum signifikant kürzer (p = 0,01). Die AVN ist eine schwere Komplikation einer Corticosteroid-Behandlung bei Patienten mit PV. Sie wird bei 2 % der Patienten beobachtet und tritt vor allem in den ersten drei Behandlungsjahren auf. Bei Patienten, die höhere Dosen von Prednisolon erhalten, setzt die AVN tendenziell früher ein. © 2016 Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft (DDG). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Combinations of ERK and p38 MAPK inhibitors ablate tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) mRNA induction. Evidence for selective destabilization of TNF-alpha transcripts.

Science.gov (United States)

Rutault, K; Hazzalin, C A; Mahadevan, L C

2001-03-02

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine whose synthesis and secretion are implicated in diverse pathologies. Hence, inhibition of TNF-alpha transcription or translation and neutralization of its protein product represent major pharmaceutical strategies to control inflammation. We have studied the role of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in controlling TNF-alpha mRNA levels in differentiated THP-1 cells and in freshly purified human monocytes. We show here that it is possible to produce virtually complete inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated TNF-alpha mRNA accumulation by using a combination of ERK and p38 MAP kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, substantial inhibition is achievable using combinations of 1 microm of each inhibitor, whereas inhibitors used individually are incapable of producing complete inhibition even at high concentrations. Finally, addressing mechanisms involved, we show that inhibition of p38 MAP kinase selectively destabilizes TNF-alpha transcripts but does not affect degradation of c-jun transcripts. These results impinge on the controversy in the literature surrounding the mode of action of MAP kinase inhibitors on TNF-alpha mRNA and suggest the use of combinations of MAP kinase inhibitors as an effective anti-inflammatory strategy.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Posyandu Lansia

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Nurvi Susanti

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Laporan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa dari 19 Puskesmas yang ada di Pekanbaru, jumlah lansia terbanyak berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Garuda Pekanbaru (7360 orang, sedangkan jumlah kunjungan lansia (cakupan hanya 14% dari total lansia yang ada. Cakupan ini masih jauh dari target yang diharapkan yaitu 70%. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanaan posyandu lansia. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional study dengan sampel sebanyak 199 orang lansia. Cara pengambilan sampel adalah Systematic Random Sampling. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanaan posyandu lansia adalah sikap (POR: 6,08 95%CI:1,57-23,51, jarak (POR:0,26 95%CI:0,12-0,56, kader (POR:5,06 95%CI: 2,36-10,86, dan pendidikan (POR:2,52 95%CI:1,24-5,14. Variabel dukungan keluarga merupakan variabel konfounding (POR:2,00 95%CI:0,87-4,59. Disarankan pada instansi terkait perlunya dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan pemanfaatan pelayanan posyandu lansia melalui promosi dan penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan posyandu lansia serta meningkatkan pelayanan di posyandu sehingga lansia termotivasi untuk mengunjungi posyandu lansia. 

KEBERHASILAN HOTEL BERWAWASAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI ASIA-PASIFIK: FAKTOR PENDORONG APAKAH YANG DOMINAN?

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Cut Irna Setiawati

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Saat ini bidang operasional hotel ditekankan untuk lebih memperhatikan isu lingkungan karena dampak kerusakan yang ditimbulkan dari aktivitas perhotelan meningkat dan penggunaan jumlah sumber daya alam yang besar. Namun dalam penerapannya tergantung faktor pendorong antara lain government, customer demand, level of competition, greenness at the organizational level dan attitude toward change. Tujuan dari penelitian ini: (1 mendeskripsikan faktor pendorong dalam penerapan operasional hotel berwawasan ramah lingkungan; dan (2 menemukan faktor dominan penerapan operasional hotel ramah lingkungan pada kawasan Asia dan Pasifik secara spesifik. Berdasarkan tujuan, jenis penelitian ini adalah eksploratif. Teknik analisis dilakukan secara analisis isi (content analysis, analisis-sintesis serta model data reduction, data display dan conclusion drawing/verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima faktor pendorong terdapat pada seluruh objek hotel ramah lingkungan dengan tingkat kekuatan mendorong yang berbeda. Selain itu, diperoleh faktor dominan holistic environmental practices-driven, resort-driven dan government-driven pada kawasan Asia dan Pasifik.Kata kunci: Operasional, Faktor Pendorong, Kinerja Lingkungan.

Interleukin-10 to tumor necrosis factor-alpha ratio is a predictive biomarker in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: interleukin-10 to tumor necrosis factor-alpha ratio in steatohepatitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Hashem, Reem M; Mahmoud, Mona F; El-Moselhy, Mohamed A; Soliman, Hala M

2008-10-01

Fatty liver disease is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Insulin resistance (IR) as an investigative biomarker is only concerned with fatty liver that results from DM type 2 associated with metabolic syndrome. Irrespective of IR, DM is generally characterized by overproduction of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), whereas action of the latter is modulated by the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of using TNF-alpha alone or IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio compared to IR, as a promising biomarker for fatty liver assessment in DM. Furthermore, we hypothesized that using garlic as an immunomodulator may decrease TNF-alpha and increase IL-10 production to improve steatohepatitis. DM was induced metabolically by a high-fat diet to bring about IR, or chemically by alloxan, producing insulin deficiency, in male albino rats. Garlic powder was supplemented (15 mg/kg per day) for 3 weeks. Fatty liver was depicted histologically and biochemically (aspartic aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, HOMA-IR, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio). We found that, in contrast to obese rats, garlic decreased IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio, despite decreasing TNF-alpha in alloxan diabetic rats in agreement with the histology, which revealed more prominent improvement in the obese group. Moreover, the effect of garlic was not linked to improvement of IR in obese rats. We conclude that IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio may be considered as a convenient biomarker for investigation of fatty liver of different grades, apart from being associated with IR, and immunomodulation of this ratio in favor of increasing it may exert significant improvement.

Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with heterologous elements of gastrointestinal type associated with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level: an unusual case and literature review.

Science.gov (United States)

Horta, Mariana; Cunha, Teresa Margarida; Marques, Rita Canas; Félix, Ana

2014-11-01

Here we describe the case of a 19-year-old woman with a poorly differentiated ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level. The patient presented with diffuse abdominal pain and bloating. Physical examination, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right ovarian tumor that was histopathologically diagnosed as a poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with heterologous elements. Her alpha-fetoprotein serum level was undetectable after tumor resection. Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors are rare sex cord-stromal tumors that account for 0.5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors tend to be unilateral and occur in women under 30 years of age. Although they are the most common virilizing tumor of the ovary, about 60% are endocrine-inactive tumors. Elevated serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein are rarely associated with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, with only approximately 30 such cases previously reported in the literature. The differential diagnosis should include common alpha-fetoprotein-producing ovarian entities such as germ cell tumors, as well as other non-germ cell tumors that have been rarely reported to produce this tumor marker.

Risk of Lymphoma in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Chen; Huang, Junlin; Huang, Xiaowen; Huang, Shaozhuo; Cheng, Jiaxin; Liao, Weixin; Chen, Xuewen; Wang, Xueyi; Dai, Shixue

2018-05-12

The association between anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents and the risk of lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease has already been sufficiently reported. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent. Hence, this analysis was conducted to investigate whether anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents can increase the risk of lymphoma in inflammatory bowel disease patients. MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify relevant studies which evaluated the risk of lymphoma in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled incidence rate ratios as well as risk ratios. Twelve studies comprising 285811 participants were included. The result showed that there was no significantly increased risk of lymphoma between anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents exposed and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents unexposed groups (random effects: incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.43 95%CI, 0.91-2.25, p= 0.116; random effects: risk ratio [RR], 0.83 95%CI, 0.47-1.48, p=0.534). However, monotherapy of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents (random effects: IRR=1.65, 95%CI, 1.16-2.35; p=0.006; random effects: RR=1.00, 95%CI, 0.39-2.59; p=0.996) or combination therapy (random effects: IRR=3.36, 95%CI, 2.23-5.05; ptumor necrosis factor alpha agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is not associated with a higher risk of lymphoma. Combination therapy and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents monotherapy can significantly increase the risk of lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Characterization of receptors for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha from human placental membranes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aiyer, R.A.; Aggarwal, B.B.

1990-01-01

High affinity receptors for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) were identified on membranes prepared from full term human placenta. Highly purified rhTNF-alpha iodinated by the iodogen method was found to bind placental membranes in a displaceable manner with an approximate dissociation constant (KD) of 1.9 nM. The membrane bound TNF-alpha receptor could be solubilized by several detergents with optimum extraction being obtained with 1% Triton X-100. The binding of 125I-rhTNF-alpha to the solubilized receptor was found to be time and temperature dependent, yielding maximum binding within 1 h, 24 h and 48 h at 37 degrees C, 24 degrees C and 4 degrees C, respectively. However, the maximum binding obtainable at 4 degrees C was only 40% of that at 37 degrees C. The binding 125I-rhTNF-alpha to solubilized placental membrane extracts was displaceable by unlabeled rhTNF-alpha, but not by a related protein recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-beta (rhTNF-beta; previously called lymphotoxin). This is similar to the behavior of TNF-alpha receptors derived from detergent-solubilized cell extracts, although on intact cells, both rhTNF-alpha and rhTNF-beta bind with equal affinity to TNF receptors. The Scatchard analysis of the binding data of the solubilized receptor revealed high affinity binding sites with a KD of approximately 0.5 nM and a receptor concentration of about 1 pmole/mg protein. Gel filtration of the solubilized receptor-ligand complexes on Sephacryl S-300 revealed two different peaks of radioactivity at approximate molecular masses of 50,000 Da and 400,000 Da. The 400,000 dalton peak corresponded to the receptor-ligand complex. Overall, our results suggest that high affinity receptors for TNF-alpha are present on human placental membranes and provide evidence that these receptors may be different from that of rhTNF-beta

Association of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphism G-308A with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma in the Pakistani population.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Khan, M.I.; Micheal, S.; Rana, N.; Akhtar, F.; Hollander, A.I. den; Ahmed, A.; Qamar, R.

2009-01-01

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene polymorphism G-308A and total serum immunoglobulin E (TsIgE) levels in the onset of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) in Pakistani patients. METHODS: The TNF-alpha polymorphism

Tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphism in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fugger, L; Morling, N; Sandberg-Wollheim, M

1990-01-01

The NcoI tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha) polymorphism was studied in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis and monosymptomatic optic neuritis. The frequency of the NcoI marker phenotypes did not differ between healthy controls and the two disease groups. No extra or missing DNA fragments were...

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KEDUNGMUNDU KOTA SEMARANG

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Qorry Putri Rasajati

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Hipertensi di Puskesmas Kedungmundu meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pada tahun 2013 dari 1.179 penderita hipertensi yang patuh melakukan pengobatan 33% dan yang tidak patuh 67%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan pada penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedungmundu Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel berjumlah 90 responden yang diambil dengan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi adalah status pekerjaan (p value=0,035, jarak rumah terhadap pelayanan kesehatan (p value=0014, tingkat pengetahuan tentang tatalaksana hipertensi (p value=0,000, motivasi untuk berobat (p value=0,000, dan dukungan keluarga (p value=0,000. Variabel yang tidak berhubungan adalah jenis kelamin (p value=0,444, tingkat pendidikan (p value=0,232, pendapatan keluarga (p value=1,000. Saran bagi Puskesmas untuk meningkatkan program pengobatan hipertensi. Bagi peneliti lain untuk menambah faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi. Hypertension at Kedungmundu Puskesmas was ascending from year to year. In 2013, of 1,179 hypertensive patients adherent to treatment 33% and 67% were non-adherent. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with medication adherence in hypertensive patients in Puskesmas Kedungmundu Semarang. This is a research of analytical survey with cross sectional approach. Sample of 90 respondents who were taken using accidental sampling technique. Data analysis using chi square. The study results show that factors related to hypertension treatment adherence is employment status (p value=0.035, the distance to health services (p value=0.014, the level of knowledge about the management of hypertension (p value=0.000, motivation for

In vitro cytotoxicity of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha in association with radiotherapy in a human ovarian carcinoma cell line

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manetta, A.; Lucci, J.; Soopikian, J.; Granger, G.; Berman, M.L.; DiSaia, P.J.

1990-01-01

It has been speculated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may decrease the cytotoxicity of radiotherapy by increasing the scavenging of toxic superoxide radicals. Because of the possible clinical implications, the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha in combination with radiotherapy (RT) was compared with that of RT alone in a human ovarian cancer cell line. NIH:OVCAR-3 cells were incubated with TNF-alpha at 10.0, 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 microgram/ml. Plates were divided into two groups; one received 150 cGy of radiotherapy and the other received no further therapy. Seventy-two hours later, supernatants were aspirated and viable cells were stained with a 1% solution of crystal violet. Survival of cells treated with RT plus TNF-alpha was expressed as a percentage of surviving irradiated controls. Analysis of results revealed minimal additive cell killing effect between TNF-alpha and radiotherapy at all concentrations of tumor necrosis factor, with the greatest difference noted in the group treated with 10 micrograms/ml TNF-alpha. A continued radiotherapy dose-response study with TNF-alpha showed a similar additive, not radioprotective, effect. This may have implication as a potentiator of RT in some human tumors

Optimizing the Delivery of Short-Lived Alpha Particle-Emitting Isotopes to Solid Tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, Gregory P.

2004-01-01

The underlying hypothesis of this project was that optimal alpha emitter-based radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) could be achieved by pairing the physical half-life of the radioisotope to the biological half-life of the targeting vehicle. The project had two specific aims. The first aim was to create and optimize the therapeutic efficacy of 211At-SAPS-C6.5 diabody conjugates. The second aim was to develop bispecific-targeting strategies that increase the specificity and efficacy of alpha-emitter-based RAIT. In the performance of the first aim, we created 211At-SAPS-C6.5 diabody conjugates that specifically targeted the HER2 tumor associated antigen. In evaluating these immunoconjugates we determined that they were capable of efficient tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy of established human tumor xenografts growing in immunodeficient mice. We also determined that therapeutic doses were associated with late renal toxicity, likely due to the role of the kidneys in the systemic elimination o f these agents. We are currently performing more studies focused on better understanding the observed toxicity. In the second aim, we successfully generated bispecific single-chain Fv (bs-scFv) molecules that co-targeted HER2 and HER3 or HER2 and HER4. The in vitro kinetics and in vivo tumor-targeting properties of these molecules were evaluated. These studies revealed that the bs-scFv molecules selectively localized in vitro on tumor cells that expressed both antigens and were capable of effective tumor localization in in vivo studies

Optimizing the Delivery of Short-Lived Alpha Particle-Emitting Isotopes to Solid Tumors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adams, Gregory P.

2004-11-24

The underlying hypothesis of this project was that optimal alpha emitter-based radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) could be achieved by pairing the physical half-life of the radioisotope to the biological half-life of the targeting vehicle. The project had two specific aims. The first aim was to create and optimize the therapeutic efficacy of 211At-SAPS-C6.5 diabody conjugates. The second aim was to develop bispecific-targeting strategies that increase the specificity and efficacy of alpha-emitter-based RAIT. In the performance of the first aim, we created 211At-SAPS-C6.5 diabody conjugates that specifically targeted the HER2 tumor associated antigen. In evaluating these immunoconjugates we determined that they were capable of efficient tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy of established human tumor xenografts growing in immunodeficient mice. We also determined that therapeutic doses were associated with late renal toxicity, likely due to the role of the kidneys in the systemic elimination o f these agents. We are currently performing more studies focused on better understanding the observed toxicity. In the second aim, we successfully generated bispecific single-chain Fv (bs-scFv) molecules that co-targeted HER2 and HER3 or HER2 and HER4. The in vitro kinetics and in vivo tumor-targeting properties of these molecules were evaluated. These studies revealed that the bs-scFv molecules selectively localized in vitro on tumor cells that expressed both antigens and were capable of effective tumor localization in in vivo studies.

Systemic side effects of isolated limb perfusion with tumor necrosis factor alpha

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zwaveling, Jan Harm

1997-01-01

The main function of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), a small polypeptide shared by all mammals, is probably protection against invading bacteria, parasites and viruses; killing of these microorganisms is facilitated in the presence of TNF-a. However, as its name suggest, TNF-a is also capable

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI TINGKAT KOLEKTIBILITAS PEMBIAYAAN SEKTOR UMKM (STUDI KASUS : BANK SYARIAH XYZ KANTOR CABANG JAKARTA BARAT

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Raden Yogi Arieffiandi

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The objectives of this study are to analyze the factors that affect the financing collectability in XYZ Sharia Bank branch office in West Jakarta, to formulate and recommend a strategic planning of the bank to reduce the level of Non-Performing Loans (NPF in the future. Logistic regression and SWOT matrix were utilized as the methods of this study. Thus, the results showed that the factors influencing the financing collectability of XYZ Sharia Bank customers are financing agreement types, margin/profit sharing equivalent rate, economic sectors, and value of the company Altman Z-Score. From the analyses of both external and internal factors, it reveals that strategic factors are identified to reduce the value of NPF in XYZ Sharia Bank West Jakarta i.e. by performing defensive actions. The assessment results of the strategy in XYZ Islamic Bank, West Jakarta, in terms of SWOT in tightening the cost analysis of SME sector, are as follow: carrying out the process of cost analysis more carefully and thoroughly, and conducting HR personnel training, or sharing with other branches in the neighboring areas, anticipating over assessment by adopting an independent assessor, performing more detailed screening in doing financing disbursement, and maximizing the existing internal regulations related to the financing facility.Keywords: Collectable financing, logistic regression, SWOT, Altman Z-Score, SMEABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kolektibilitas pembiayaan pada Bank Syariah XYZ kantor cabang Jakarta Barat dan merumuskan dan merekomendasikan perencanaan strategis Bank Syariah XYZ dalam rangka menekan tingkat Non Performing Loans (NPF di masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan regresi logistik dan matriks SWOT. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kolektibilitas pembiayaan oleh nasabah Bank Syariah XYZ adalah Jenis akad pembiayaan, tingkat equivalent

Maturitas Enterprise Risk Management Kontraktor Besar di Indonesia dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhinya

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Andreas Kurniawan

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Enterprise Risk Management (ERM adalah salah satu pendekatan holistik dalam mengidentifikasi risiko perusahaan yang mungkin dihadapi dan menentukan respon yang tepat dan sesuai dengan risk appetite perusahaan tersebut. Penelitian terkait ERM sudah banyak dilakukan di banyak bidang di berbagai negara, namun penelitian terkait ERM kontraktor besar di Indonesia belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat maturitas ERM kontraktor besar di Indonesia dan mengidentifikasi faktor faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat maturitas ERM. Penelitian ini melibatkan 31 kontraktor besar Indonesia dengan klasifikasi B1 dan B2. Metode perhitungan tingkat maturitas adalah fuzzy set theory karena memiliki keunggulan dalam menangani ambiguitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat maturitas ERM kontraktor Indonesia berada pada “mediumhigh”. Analisis lebih lanjut menemukan adanya hubungan positif antara tingkat maturitas ERM terhadap pengalaman perusahaan, klasifikasi perusahaan, dan adopsi SNI ISO 31000:2011. Analisis juga menemukan tidak ada korelasi antara kepemilikan badan usaha dan adopsi edisi ISO 9000 yang berbeda dengan maturitas ERM.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PEMBIAYAAN BERBASIS BAGI HASIL (EQUITY FINANCING PADA BANK SYARIAH X

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Toni Priyanto

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This study aims to determine the factors that affect the equity financing at the Islamic Banking which covers quantitative financing profit and loss sharing and to formulate policies to be performed by the management in maintaining the financing growth. The study was conducted by utilizing Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL model with variables including BI rate and inflation as the external factor. The test results of both external factors indicated a negative impact on both financing. BI rate as an indicator of the government's policy becomes the fastest variable affecting the equity financing i.e. at lag 1. Inflation comes as the macroeconomic indicator at lags 2, 9 and 10. All internal factors have a negative impact on both financing types except for the cost of education and training, and autoregressive variables. The fund of the third party influences the sharing of profit and loss (mudharabah at lag 1 and at 9, meanwhile the capital adequacy ratio affects the profit sharing (mudharabah at lag 8, and it affects the loss sharing (musyarakah at lag 6. The cost of education and training has an effect on loss sharing at lag 5, and Islamic banking basic education affects profit financing at lag 2 whereas the trend of financing profit sharing is at lag 8 and loss sharing at lags 1 and 2 and since it autoregressive, it affects each financing of the current period.Keywords: autoregressive, dynamic, mudaraba, musharaka, profit and loss sharing financingABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pembiayaan berbasis bagi hasil pada Bank Syariah yang meliputi pembiayaan mudharabah dan musyarakah secara kuantitatif dan merumuskan kebijakan-kebijakan yang dapat dilakukan manajemen dalam menjaga pertumbuhan pembiayaannya. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL Model dengan variabel yang digunakan meliputi BI Rate dan inflasi sebagai faktor eksternal. Hasil pengujian kedua faktor eksternal

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kinerja Petani Jagung di Lahan Gambut

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Malta Malta

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Agricultural development is consisted of efforts to increase farmer’s income, which in turn, will encourage regional economic development. In West Kalimantan, peatland was chosen as an alternative to achieve that goals. This study was aimed to evaluate corn farmers’ performance in peatlands, and to identify factors related to farmer’s performance. Located at Limbung Village, Pontianak district, this research based on quantitative survey, employing correlational statistical procedure. The research resulted in several conclusions: (1 farmer’s performance is still relatively low; and (2 factors related to performance are level of competence, production support, and farmer’s interaction with facilitators team. Pembangunan pertanian terdiri dari serangkaian upaya untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani, yang pada gilirannya, akan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi regional. Di Kalimantan Barat, lahan gambut dipilih sebagai alternatif untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Kajian ini berupaya mengevaluasi kinerja petani jagung di lahan gambut. Berlokasi di Kampung Limbung, Pontianak, riset ini didasarkan pada survei kuantitatif menggunakan prosedur statistik korelasional. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sejumlah kesimpulan, yaitu: (1 kinerja petani masih tergolong rendah, (2 faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan kinerja adalah level kompetensi, dukungan produksi, dan intensitas interaksi petani dengan tim fasilitator.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha acts as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Rui; Zhang, Haiyang; Zhang, Yan; Li, Shuang; Wang, Xinyi; Wang, Xia; Wang, Cheng; Liu, Bin; Zen, Ke; Zhang, Chen-Yu; Zhang, Chunni; Ba, Yi

2017-04-01

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha plays a crucial role in regulating the biosynthesis of mitochondria, which is closely linked to the energy metabolism in various tumors. This study investigated the regulatory role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, the changes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha messenger RNA levels between normal human liver and hepatocellular carcinoma tissue were examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha was conducted by RNA interference in the human liver cell line L02, while overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha was conducted by adenovirus encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha complementary DNA in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2. Cellular morphological changes were observed via optical and electron microscopy. Cellular apoptosis was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining. In addition, the expression levels of 21,400 genes in tissues and cells were detected by microarray. It was shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha expression was significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma compared with normal liver tissues. After knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha expression in L02 cells, cells reverted to immature and dedifferentiated morphology exhibiting cancerous tendency. Apoptosis occurred in the HepG2 cells after transfection by adenovirus encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha. Microarray analysis showed consistent results. The results suggest that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha acts as a tumor

Tumor immunolocalization using 124I-iodine-labeled JAA-F11 antibody to Thomsen-Friedenreich alpha-linked antigen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaturvedi, Richa; Heimburg, Jamie; Yan, Jun; Koury, Stephen; Sajjad, Munawwar; Abdel-Nabi, Hani H.; Rittenhouse-Olson, Kate

2008-01-01

Clinical immunolocalization has been attempted by others with an anti-Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF-Ag) mAb that bound both alpha- and beta-linked TF-Ag. In this report, 124 I-labeled mAb JAA-F11 specific for alpha-linked TF-Ag showed higher tumor specificity in in vivo micro-positron emission tomography (micro-PET) of the mouse mammary adenocarcinoma line, 4T1, showing no preferential uptake by the kidney. Labeled product remained localized in the tumor for at least 20 days. Glycan array analysis showed structural specificity of the antibody

Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Unmet Need KB Pasca-Salin IUD post-placenta di Kamar Rawat Pasca-bersalin RSUP DR. M. Djamil periode Januari-Maret 2013

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Sari Handayani Utami

2013-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakWanita pada periode post-partum memiliki angka unmet need terhadap kontrasepsi, padahal ini waktu yang tepat untuk mulai memakai kontrasepsi. Salah satu kontrasepsi pasca-salin terkini yang mulai disosialisasikan adalah IUD post-placenta. Namun demikian, masih belum banyak wanita pasangan usia subur yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi ini bahkan mengetahuinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan unmet need KB pasca-salin IUD post-placenta. Jenis penelitian survey dengan desain cross sectional study. Waktu pengambilan data dari 12 Januari sampai dengan 12 Maret 2013. Sampel adalah wanita pasangan usia subur yang melahirkan pervaginam dan dipilih secara accidental sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 88 orang responden dengan 50 orang bukan akseptor KB IUD post-placenta dan 38 orang akseptor KB IUD Post-placenta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner melalui wawancara terpimpin. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan unmet need IUD post-placenta adalah faktor pengetahuan (p value = 0,001, sedangkan faktor lain yang tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan adalah faktor pendidikan (p value = 0,222, faktor status ekonomi (p value = 1,000, dan faktor konseling KB (p value = 0,583.Kata kunci: faktor yang berhubungan, unmet need, KB pasca-salin, IUD post-placentaAbstractThe women in post-partum period have unmet need rate to contraception, whereas it’s approriate time to start using contraception. One of recent post-partum contraception method is IUD post-placenta. But, only a few women of fertile age couple use this contraception even has known it. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated to unmet need of post-partum contraception IUD post-placenta. This survey study with cross sectional design study. The data was collected from January 12 until March 12 2013. The subject were

Diagnostic evaluatuin of gastrointestinal tumors; Diagnostik bei Tumoren im Gastrointestinaltrakt

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linke, R.; Tatsch, K. [Ludwig-Maximilians-Univ. Muenchen (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin

1998-07-01

Prior to surgery of gastrointestinal tumors exact information about tumor localization, extent and possible infiltration in adjacent structures are important. The task for radiological and scintigraphic methods is predominantly the preoperative tumor staging. The upper (esophagus, stomach, duodenum) and the lower (colon, rectum) gastrointestinal tract should be routinely investigated by endoscopy and endosonography. CT or MRI imaging may add information about tumor extent, infiltration in adjacent structures and pathologically enlarged lymph nodes. The latter may be detected with similar or higher sensitivity by PET as well. Furthermore, with PET it is possible to differentiate a tumor recurrence from postoperative scar tissue earlier than with conventional morphological imaging techniques, for example in colorectal cancer. Liver tumors should primarily be inspected sonographically followed by an MRI scan if dignity is uncertain. The receptor scintigraphy with radioactive ligands allows to further characterize a detected tumor. Benigne liver lesions can be distinguished from malignant tumors (metastasis, hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) by the neogalactoalbumin-(NGA-)scintigraphy, because NGA binds exclusively to the liver galactose receptors of normally functioning hepatocytes. For the differentiation between liver metastasis and HCC insulin scintigraphy can be used, since insulin binds significantly in HCC due to an overexpression of insulin receptors in these tumors. If a malignant process is suspected, additionally CT-arterioportography may be recommended, because this newer radiological technique is capable to visualize lesions smaller than 1 cm. In such cases PET is sensitive as well and due to increased glucose metabolism even small foci can be detected with comparably high sepcificity. The method of choice for the detection of a pancreatic tumor is endoscopic sonography. In most cases the dignity of the tumor can be verified by ERCP, but sometimes it is very

Analisis Faktor Relationship Satisfaction Pada Kerjasama Antar UMKM Berbasis Logam di Waru, Sidoarjo

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Ary Tri Wibowo

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Industri berskala mikro, kecil, dan menengah memiliki peranan yang penting di dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Jawa Timur sebagai penyumbang Produk Regional Domestik Bruto terbesar kedua pada tahun 2010 memiliki andil di dalam perkembangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM di Indonesia. Salah satu industri berskala UMKM di Jawa Timur yang sedang berkembang adalah industri berbasis logam di Waru, Sidoarjo. Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu agar dapat bersaing dengan UMKM sejenis dari daerah lain dan produk impor, maka industri berbasis logam harus menguatkan kerjasama di dalam kegiatan industrinya. Untuk menguatkan kerjasama antar UMKM, maka tiap UMKM harus memperhatikan kepuasan di dalam hubungan kerjasamanya (relationship satisfaction. Hasil studi literatur dan observasi awal menunjukkan bahwa faktor benevolence, credibility, opportunism, relationship commitment, dan mutual cooperation berpengaruh terhadap relationship satisfaction. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dianalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap relationship satisfaction pada kerjasama antar UMKM di Waru, Sidoarjo dengan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modelling. Faktor relationship satisfaction sebagai konstruk endogen dan faktor benevolence, credibility, opportunism, relationship commitment, dan mutual cooperation sebagai konstruk endogen. Masing-masing konstruk tersebut kemudian dilakukan uji confirmatory factor analysis (CFA untuk mengetahui bahwa faktor tersebut berada pada kondisi unidimensionalitas.

Faktor Resiko yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kepatuhan Diet Hipertensi

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Santi Miyusliani

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2010, menunjukkan bahwa dari sepuluh penyakit terbesar di Puskesmas, hipertensi merupakan penyakit nomor tiga terbesar yaitu 15,6%. Di Puskesmas Sidomulyo sendiri pada tahun 2010 hipertensi merupakan penyakit peringkat pertama dari sepuluh penyakit terbesar yaitu 13,29%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan penderita terhadap diet hipertensi di Puskesmas Sidomulyo Pekanbaru tahun 2011. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Cross Sectional dengan jumlah sampel 177 orang dan alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa bivariat dengan uji Chi square dan analisa multivariat dengan uji Regresi Logistik Ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh antara pengetahuan, usia, jenis kelamin, status sosial ekonomi dan motivasi terhadap kepatuhan diet hipertensi. Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan diet hipertensi adalah usia. Diharapkan kepada tenaga kesehatan Puskesmas Sidomulyo supaya lebih sering mengingatkan dan mengulang kembali informasi bahwa pentingnya mematuhi diet, seperti memberikan konseling yang mendalam tentang hipertensi. 

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits insulin's stimulating effect on glucose uptake and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rask-Madsen, Christian; Domínguez, Helena; Ihlemann, Nikolaj

2003-01-01

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory mechanisms could be involved in the pathogenesis of both insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Therefore, we aimed at examining whether the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and insulin....../or TNF-alpha were coinfused. During infusion of insulin alone for 20 minutes, forearm glucose uptake increased by 220+/-44%. This increase was completely inhibited during coinfusion of TNF-alpha (started 10 min before insulin) with a more pronounced inhibition of glucose extraction than of blood flow....... Furthermore, TNF-alpha inhibited the ACh forearm blood flow response (Palpha...

ANALISIS FAKTOR FUNDAMENTAL DAN RISIKO SISTEMATIK TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PROPERTI DI BEJ

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Imelda Wijiyanti

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Property was one of sectors that suffer very much during economic crisis. This caused the securities property price decrease on stock exchange. The objective of this research is to understand fundamental factors and systematic risk that influence securities price on property sector. The sample method uses purposive sampling method. From thirty three companies, only thirteen companies are selected, because the financial statement from each company are complete since 1996-2001. This research shows that only book value brings influence on the security price partially, but not the other variable. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Properti merupakan salah satu sektor yang terpuruk sejak krisis ekonomi. Hal ini mengakibatkan harga saham properti di bursa efek juga terpuruk. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor fundamental dan risiko sistematik yang mempengaruhi harga saham di sektor properti. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling method. Dari tiga puluh tiga perusahaan, hanya diambil tiga belas perusahaan, karena memiliki laporan keuangan secara lengkap tahun 1996-2001. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya faktor fundamental Book Value (BV yang mempengaruhi harga saham secara parsial, sedangkan faktor fundamental yang lainnya tidak berpengaruh. Kata kunci: faktor fundamental, risiko sistematik, harga saham sektor properti.

Comparison of bone tumors induced by beta-emitting or alpha-emitting radionuclides: Schemes of pathogenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gillett, N.A.; Muggenburg, B.A.; Pool, R.R.; Hahn, F.F.

1988-01-01

Life-span studies in Beagle dogs have documented the occurrence of bone tumors following exposure to bone-seeking alpha- or beta-emitting radionuclides administered by different routes of exposure. Bone tumors from dogs in four different life-span studies were analyzed according to tumor phenotype, tumor location, radiographic appearance, incidence of metastasis, and association with radiation osteodystrophy. Marked differences in these parameters were observed that did not correlate with differences in radionuclide type, route of exposure, or duration of radionuclide uptake. Radiation osteodystrophy, which is postulated to be a preneoplastic lesion, was not a significant component in one of the studies. Analysis of the data from these four studies suggests that at least two different mechanisms of bone tumor pathogenesis occur for radiation-induced bone tumors. (author)

Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Saham Leverage Faktor Intern Dan Faktor Ekstern Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi empirik pada perusahaan manufaktur dan non manufaktur di Bursa Efek Jakarta

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Sujoko

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of ownership structure%2C leverage%2C external factor%2C internal factor on the value of the firms in Jakarta Stock Exchange. It is argued that unlike the agency problem advanced stock market%2C the agency problem in the Jakarta Stock Exchange is the divergence of interest between the minority holders and majority holders. This is because the Jakarta Stock Exchange is characterized%2C among other things%2C by the domination of large shareholders. It is hypotheses that :(1 there are the impact ownership structure %2C external factor%2C internal factor%2C on leverage%2C (2 there are the impact of ownership structure %2C external factor%2C internal factor%2C leverage on value of the firm . This study is to examine Agency Theory%2C Jensen and Meckling (1976%2C Pecking Order Theory%2C Myers (1984%2C Trade Off Model and Signaling Theory (1979. Population in this study are public company listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange during 2000 – 2004. As much as 134 firms listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange were taken as a sample using a purposive sampling method.The data were then analyzed by the structural equation modeling ( SEM analysis%2C using the AMOS Program version 4.01.The results of this study show that (1 there are the impact of ownership structure %2C external factor%2C internal factor on leverage%2C(2there are the impact of ownership structure%2C external factor%2C internal factor%2C leverage%2C on valueof the firm . The result of the study is not support the Agency Theory%2C Jensen and Meckling (1976%2C but the result of the study is support Pecking Order Theory%2C Myers (1984%2C Trade off model and Signaling Theory%2C Battacharya (1979. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Tujuan utama dari studi ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh struktur kepemilikan%2C leverage%2C faktor ekstern%2C dan faktor intern terhadap nilai perusahaan di Bursa Efek Jakarta. Tidak seperti pada permasalahan keagenan di pasar

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu Kecamatan Ilir Barat II Palembang

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M Hasan Azhari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan study Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 2816 pasien yang terdiagnosa Hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu dari bulan Januari - Desember 2010 dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 112 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara umur (p value = 0,010, jenis kelamin p value = 0,026, keturunan (p value = 0,002, pekerjaan (p value = 0,006, olahraga (p value = 0,019 dengan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu Kecamatan Ilir Barat II Palembang. Petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Makrayu diharapkan dapat lebih meningkatkan promosi kesehatan atau penyuluhan kesehatan khususnya pada penderita hipertensi yang datang berobat. Kata kunci : Hipertensi, Faktor Resiko   Abstract: This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. This research method used descriptive analytic with Cross Sectional study approach. The population of this study were 2816 patients diagnosed with hypertension at Makrayu Community Health Center from January to December 2010 with a sample of 112 respondents. The result showed that there was a relationship between age (p value = 0,010, gender (p value = 0,026, heredity (p value = 0,002, occupation (p value = 0,006, physical exercise (p value = 0,019 with hypertension At the Makrayu Community Health Center, District Ilir Barat II Palembang. Medical team are expected to increase health promotion or health counseling especially in hypertension patients who come for treatment at Makrayu Community Health Center.  Keywords: Hipertension, Risk Factor

Synthesis and evaluation of alpha-[[(2-haloethyl)amino]methyl]-2- nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanols as prodrugs of alpha-[(1-aziridinyl)methyl]-2- nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanol (RSU-1069) and its analogues which are radiosensitizers and bioreductively activated cytotoxins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jenkins, T.C.; Naylor, M.A.; O'Neill, P.; Threadgill, M.D.; Cole, S.; Stratford, I.J.; Adams, G.E.; Fielden, E.M.; Suto, M.J.; Stier, M.A.

1990-01-01

alpha-[(1-Aziridinyl)methyl]-2-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanols, of general formula ImCH2CH(OH)CH2NCR1R2CR3R4, where Im = 2-nitroimidazole and R1, R2, R3, R4 = H, Me, are radiosensitizers and selective bioreductively activated cytotoxins toward hypoxic tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of the aziridines with hydrogen halide in acetone or aqueous acetone gave the corresponding 2-haloethylamines of general formula ImCH2CH(OH)CH2(+)-NH2CR1R2CR3R4X X-, where R1, R2, R3, R4 = H, Me, and X = F, Cl, Br, I. These 2-haloethylamines were evaluated as prodrugs of the parent aziridines. The rates of ring closure in aqueous solution at pH approximately 6 were found to increase with increasing methyl substitution and to depend on the nature of the leaving group (I approximately Br greater than Cl much greater than F). A competing reaction of ImCH2CH(OH)CH2+NH2CH2CH2X X- (X = Cl, Br) with aqueous HCO3- ions gives 3-[2-hyroxy-3-(2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl]-2-oxazolidinone. The activities of these prodrugs as radiosensitizers or as bioreductively activated cytotoxins were consistent with the proportion converted to the parent aziridine during the course of the experiment. alpha-[[(2-Bromoethyl)amino]methyl]-2-nitro-1H-imidazole-1- ethanol (RB 6145, 10), the prodrug of alpha-[(1-aziridinyl)methyl]-2-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanol (RSU-1069, 3), is identified as the most useful compound in terms of biological activity and rate of ring closure under physiological conditions

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI RESISTENSI PEMBELIAN PANGAN ORGANIK DAN PROSES PENDIDIKAN KONSUMEN

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Fety Nurlia Muzayanah

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Organic food market share in Indonesian only 0,5–2% from all agricultural products. There are problems in organic food marketing in Indonesia such as consumer confidence and limited information about organics food. This research aimed to analyze correlation of gender, occupation, age and education in intention to purchase organic foods, factors influencing purchase resistance of organic foods, and the pendidikan konsumen process. This research was involved 150 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaire survey. The result showed that gender, occupation, age and education not correlate with purchase intention of organic foods. Result from Structural Equation Modeling (SEM showed that factors caused purchase resistance was negative attitude toward organic foods, unaffordability of organic foods, and lack of awareness in organic foods but subjective norm don’t have significant correlation with purchase intention. Market Education process that can do is educate consumers about health benefits of organic food, organics certification and economics value of organic food.Keywords: consumer behavior, market education, organic foods,  SEMABSTRAKPangsa pasar pangan organik di Indonesia baru mencapai 0,5-2 persen dari keseluruhan produk pertanian. Beberapa kendala pemasaran pangan organik di Indonesia seperti consumer confidence dan terbatasnya informasi mengenai produk organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan gender, pekerjaan, usia, dan pendidikan terakhir terhadap minat beli pangan organik, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi resistensi pembelian pangan organik, dan mengidentifikasi proses pendidikan konsumen. Penelitian ini melibatkan 150 responden. Responden terdiri dari dosen, staf kependidikan, dan mahasiswa yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara gender, pekerjaan, usia, dan pendidikan

Mitochondria mediate tumor necrosis factor-alpha/NF-kappaB signaling in skeletal muscle myotubes

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Y. P.; Atkins, C. M.; Sweatt, J. D.; Reid, M. B.; Hamilton, S. L. (Principal Investigator)

1999-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is implicated in muscle atrophy and weakness associated with a variety of chronic diseases. Recently, we reported that TNF-alpha directly induces muscle protein degradation in differentiated skeletal muscle myotubes, where it rapidly activates nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). We also have found that protein loss induced by TNF-alpha is NF-kappaB dependent. In the present study, we analyzed the signaling pathway by which TNF-alpha activates NF-kappaB in myotubes differentiated from C2C12 and rat primary myoblasts. We found that activation of NF-kappaB by TNF-alpha was blocked by rotenone or amytal, inhibitors of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. On the other hand, antimycin A, an inhibitor of complex III, enhanced TNF-alpha activation of NK-kappaB. These results suggest a key role of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mediating NF-kappaB activation in muscle. In addition, we found that TNF-alpha stimulated protein kinase C (PKC) activity. However, other signal transduction mediators including ceramide, Ca2+, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and nitric oxide (NO) do not appear to be involved in the activation of NF-kappaB.

In vitro anti-proliferative effect of interferon alpha in solid tumors: A potential predicative test

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuchsberger, N.; Kubes, M.; Kontsek, P.; Borecky, L.; Hornak, M.; Silvanova; Godal, A.; Svec, J.

1993-01-01

An in vitro test for the anti-proliferative effect of human leukocyte interferon (IFN-alpha) was performed in primary cultures of tumor cells obtained from 32 patients with either malignant melanoma (13), renal carcinoma (4) or bladder carcinoma (15). Our results demonstrated activity of IFN in all three groups of solid tumors. However, appreciable differences in sensitivity to anti-proliferative effect of IFN between individual tumors of the same type were found. The potential of this anti-proliferative test for prediction of treatment response in IFN-therapy is discussed. (author)

Bladder cancers respond to intravesical instillation of HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells).

Science.gov (United States)

Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Wullt, Björn; Gustafsson, Lotta; Månsson, Wiking; Ljunggren, Eva; Svanborg, Catharina

2007-09-15

We studied if bladder cancers respond to HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) to establish if intravesical HAMLET application might be used to selectively remove cancer cells in vivo. Patients with nonmuscle invasive transitional cell carcinomas were included. Nine patients received 5 daily intravesical instillations of HAMLET (25 mg/ml) during the week before scheduled surgery. HAMLET stimulated a rapid increase in the shedding of tumor cells into the urine, daily, during the 5 days of instillation. The effect was specific for HAMLET, as intravesical instillation of NaCl, PBS or native alpha-lactalbumin did not increase cell shedding. Most of the shed cells were dead and an apoptotic response was detected in 6 of 9 patients, using the TUNEL assay. At surgery, morphological changes in the exophytic tumors were documented by endoscopic photography and a reduction in tumor size or change in tumor character was detected in 8 of 9 patients. TUNEL staining was positive in biopsies from the remaining tumor in 4 patients but adjacent healthy tissue showed no evidence of apoptosis and no toxic response. The results suggest that HAMLET exerts a direct and selective effect on bladder cancer tissue in vivo and that local HAMLET administration might be of value in the future treatment of bladder cancers. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Pathophysiologie des Kollagenstoffwechsels bei Patienten mit Induratio penis plastica (IPP

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Lahme S

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Die Pathogenese der IPP ist bis heute nicht geklärt. Histopathologische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß der Kollagenstoffwechsel eine Rolle spielt. Dies veranlaßte uns zur genauen Analyse der Kollagenstoffwechselparameter bei IPP. Bei 11 Patienten mit IPP und 11 Kontrollpersonen wurden Kollagenstoffwechselparameter (Prokollagen III [PIIIP], PMN-Elastase [PMN-E], Fibronektin [FN], Fibronektinrezeptor [FN-R] und alpha1-Proteinase-Inhibitor [alpha1-PI] im cavernösen und peripheren Blut bestimmt. PMN-E, PIIIP, FN und FN-R waren in den beiden Untersuchungsgruppen nicht unterschiedlich. Die peripher venösen unterschieden sich nicht von den cavernösen Blutproben. Sowohl im peripher venös (158,55 mg/dl als auch im cavernös entnommenen Blut (168,29 mg/dl war die Konzentration des a1-PI signifikant niedriger als in der Kontrollgruppe (214,82 mg/dl. An einem zweiten Kollektiv von 23 Patienten wurden Analysen des Phänotyps für alpha1-PI im Hinblick auf das Vorliegen von genetisch determinierten Mangelallelen vorgenommen. Hier zeigte sich kein signifikanter Unterschied zu einem Kontrollkollektiv von 19 gesunden Probanden. Die alpha1-PI Erniedrigung der IPP-Patienten ist signifikant und liegt unterhalb des Normalwertbereichs für die gesunde Population. Ein Mangel an alpha1-PI kann zur Aktivitätserhöhung der Proteasen und zum Umbau des Kollagengewebes führen. Möglicherweise kommt es zusammen mit einem lokal wirksamen Einflußfaktor schließlich zur dystrophen Kalzifikation. Die humangenetischen Untersuchungen sprechen nicht für eine genetische Determinierung des alpha1-PI-Mangels, sondern legen eine erworbene hepatische Störung nahe.

Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepuasan Pelanggan terhadap Layanan Pitalebar Bergerak

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Kasmad Ariansyah

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Laju pertumbuhan jumlah pelanggan seluler diprediksi akan mengalami perlambatan. Para penyedia layanan dituntut untuk dapat melakukan inovasi dan menyusun strategi yang tepat agar dapat tetap bertahan. Layanan data saat ini menjadi andalan para penyedia layanan untuk menjaring pelanggan baru sekaligus mempertahankan pelanggan lama. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melakukan eksplorasi terkait faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan terhadap layanan pitalebar pada jaringan bergerak seluler di Indonesia. Temuan dari studi ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam menyusun strategi untuk meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei. Analisis data yang digunakan terdiri dari statistika deskriptif, Chi-Square, dan Regresi Logistik Multinomial. Hasil analisis menunjukkan dua faktor demografi (pekerjaan dan pendapatan, dua atribut perangkat (jenis dan merk, pemilihan penyedia layanan, dan aktivitas penggunaan layanan data secara signifikan mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan.  Kaitannya dengan kinerja teknis dan non-teknis, diperoleh hasil bahwa kesesuaian kuota,  kemampuan petugas dalam menyelesaikan masalah, dan pemberitahuan sisa kuota, memengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Disamping itu, terdapat dua parameter yang memiliki taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,1, yaitu kecepatan koneksi dan kemudahan menghubungi pusat layanan pelanggan.*****The growth rate of cellular subscribers is predicted to slow down. Service providers are required to be able to innovate and develop appropriate strategies to survive. Data services nowadays have become the mainstay of service providers to capture new customers as well as to retain the old ones. This study aims to explore related factors affecting consumer satisfaction of broadband services on mobile cellular networks in Indonesia. The findings of this study are expected to be used as a consideration in devising strategies to improve customer loyalty. Data

Tumor necrosis factor alpha selectively sensitizes human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells to heat and radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wong, G.H.; McHugh, T.; Weber, R.; Goeddel, D.V.

1991-01-01

We report here that infection of the human T-cell line HUT-78 with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases its sensitivity to heat and radiation toxicity. A possible explanation for this result may be the reduced expression of manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in HIV-infected cells compared to uninfected cells. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) further sensitizes HIV-infected cells but not uninfected cells to heat and radiation. This is consistent with the ability of TNF-alpha to induce the expression of MnSOD in uninfected but not in HIV-infected cells. HIV-infected HUT-78 cell lines engineered to overexpress MnSOD are more resistant to heat and radiation than HIV-infected cells that do not overexpress MnSOD. However, treatment with TNF-alpha still sensitizes these cells to heat and radiation

Functional discrepancies between tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin alpha explained by trimer stability and distinct receptor interactions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schuchmann, M; Hess, S; Bufler, P

1995-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin alpha (LT alpha) are closely related cytokines which bind with nearly identical affinities to the same pair of cell surface receptors, p55 and p75TNFR. Therefore it is assumed that TNF and LT alpha are redundant cytokines. This study, however......, demonstrates that TNF and LT alpha differ significantly with regard to their mitogenic and cytotoxic potentials. LT alpha's superior mitogenic effect could be explained by its formation of a more stable trimer. In contrast to the TNF trimer, which disintegrated under physiological conditions into biologically...... inactive monomers, the LT alpha trimer remained stable for several days. Accordingly, LT alpha more effectively induced fibroblast growth which demands long-term presence of the cytokine. TNF's superior cytotoxicity, which requires only short-term impact of the cytokine, could be attributed to a distinct...

Temporary reversal by topotecan of marked insulin resistance in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome: case report and possible mechanism for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced insulin resistance.

Science.gov (United States)

Huntington, M O; Krell, K E; Armour , W E; Liljenquist, J E

2001-06-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of insulin resistance in obesity and diabetes through its ability to decrease the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor. We report here a remarkable degree of insulin resistance in a patient with adult respiratory distress syndrome and myelodysplasia.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody (infliximab) therapy profoundly down-regulates the inflammation in Crohn's ileocolitis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baert, F. J.; D'Haens, G. R.; Peeters, M.; Hiele, M. I.; Schaible, T. F.; Shealy, D.; Geboes, K.; Rutgeerts, P. J.

1999-01-01

Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody treatment (infliximab) reduces clinical signs and symptoms in patients with Crohn's disease. The effects of infliximab on mucosal histopathologic abnormalities in Crohn's ileocolitis were studied. Thirteen patients with steroid-refractory Crohn's

Effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha infusion on the incretin effect in healthy volunteers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Signe Tellerup; Lehrskov-Schmidt, Louise; Krogh-Madsen, Rikke

2013-01-01

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with peripheral insulin resistance, impaired incretin effect, and increased plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Whereas TNF-α infusion at a dose that induces systemic inflammation in healthy volunteers has been demonstrated to induce...

Radiological diagnostics of malignant tumors of the musculoskeletal system in childhood and adolescence; Radiologische Diagnostik maligner Tumoren des Muskuloskelettalsystems im Kindes- und Adoleszentenalter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nemec, S.F.; Krestan, C.R. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien, Klinische Abteilung fuer Neuroradiologie und muskuloskelettale Radiologie, Wien (Austria); Hojreh, A.; Hoermann, M. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien, Klinische Abteilung fuer Allgemeine Radiologie und Kinderradiologie, Wien (Austria)

2008-10-15

Rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma are the most common malignant tumors of the musculoskeletal system in childhood and adolescence representing about 10% of newly diagnosed cancers in children and adolescents. In the last two decades the prognosis of patients with such malignancies improved significantly. On the one hand because of the advances in chemotherapy and orthopedic surgery, on the other hand also because of the innovations in radiological diagnostics. The precise pre-therapeutical staging of tumors of the musculoskeletal system provides important prognostic information and has impact on the entire therapy management. During respectively after therapy, imaging is extremely important in the follow-up and in diagnosing a possible recurrent disease. Modern imaging diagnostics of musculoskeletal tumors basically consist of conventional X-ray, of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and of modalities of nuclear medicine such as szintigraphy, positron emission tomography (PET) and PET CT. (orig.) [German] Das Rhabdomyosarkom, das Osteosarkom und das Ewing-Sarkom sind die am haeufigsten auftretenden malignen Tumoren des Muskuloskelettalsystems im Kindes- und Adoleszentenalter. Diese Erkrankungen repraesentieren etwa 10% der bei Kindern und Jugendlichen neu diagnostizierten Tumoren. In den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten hat sich insgesamt die Prognose der Patienten mit solchen Malignomen deutlich gebessert. Einerseits aufgrund der Fortschritte in der Chemotherapie und orthopaedischen Tumorchirurgie, andererseits nicht zuletzt aufgrund der zahlreichen Innovationen der radiologischen Diagnostik. Das praezise praetherapeutische Staging von Tumoren des Muskuloskelettalsystems liefert wichtige prognostische Informationen und beeinflusst das gesamte Therapiemanagement. Waehrend bzw. nach erfolgter Therapie ist die Bildgebung ganz entscheidend im Follow-up und bei der Diagnostik einer moeglichen Rezidiverkrankung. Die moderne

Fifty years of discovery of alpha-fetoprotein as the first tumor marker

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Nikulina Dina

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Alpha-fetoprotein represents the most prominent oncobiomarker, widely used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma for monitoring of tumor progression, presence of metastasis, assessment of cancer prognosis and successful antitumor therapeutic measures. Yuri Semenovich Tatarinov is a Russian scientist who first published antigen specific for human hepatocellular carcinoma in 1963. To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the discovery of alpha-fetoprotein, 9th International Scientific- Practical Conference entitled “Achievements of fundamental science and translational medicine capabilities in solving actual problems of practical public health”, was held from May 6-8th, 2013 in Astrakhan, Russia. The conference was held in memory of historical scientific work of Yuri Semenovich Tatarinov. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 175056

Increased pulmonary secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in calves experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rontved, C. M.; Tjørnehøj, Kirsten; Viuff, B.

2000-01-01

, of which 23 were experimentally infected with BRSV and five were given a mock inoculum. The presence of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the BAL fluids was detected and quantified by a capture ELISA. TNF-alpha was detected in 21 of the infected animals. The amount of TNF-alpha...... in the BAL fluid of calves killed post inoculation day (PID) 2 and 4 was at the same very low level as in the uninfected control animals. Large amounts of TNF-alpha were detected on PID 6, maximum levels of TNF-alpha were reached on PID 7, and smaller amounts of TNF-alpha were seen on PID 8. The high levels...... of TNF-alpha appeared on the days where severe lung lesions and clinical signs were obvious and the amounts of BRSV-antigen were at their greatest. Although Pasteurellaceae were isolated from some of the BRSV-infected calves, calves treated with antibiotics before and through the whole period...

Human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (HAMLET) kills human glioblastoma cells in brain xenografts by an apoptosis-like mechanism and prolongs survival.

Science.gov (United States)

Fischer, Walter; Gustafsson, Lotta; Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Gronli, Janne; Mork, Sverre; Bjerkvig, Rolf; Svanborg, Catharina

2004-03-15

Malignant brain tumors present a major therapeutic challenge because no selective or efficient treatment is available. Here, we demonstrate that intratumoral administration of human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (HAMLET) prolongs survival in a human glioblastoma (GBM) xenograft model, by selective induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HAMLET is a protein-lipid complex that is formed from alpha-lactalbumin when the protein changes its tertiary conformation and binds oleic acid as a cofactor. HAMLET induces apoptosis in a wide range of tumor cells in vitro, but the therapeutic effect in vivo has not been examined. In this study, invasively growing human GBM tumors were established in nude rats (Han:rnu/rnu Rowett, n = 20) by transplantation of human GBM biopsy spheroids. After 7 days, HAMLET was administered by intracerebral convection-enhanced delivery for 24 h into the tumor area; and alpha-lactalbumin, the native, folded variant of the same protein, was used as a control. HAMLET reduced the intracranial tumor volume and delayed the onset of pressure symptoms in the tumor-bearing rats. After 8 weeks, all alpha-lactalbumin-treated rats had developed pressure symptoms, but the HAMLET-treated rats remained asymptomatic. Magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed large differences in tumor volume (456 versus 63 mm(3)). HAMLET caused apoptosis in vivo in the tumor but not in adjacent intact brain tissue or in nontransformed human astrocytes, and no toxic side effects were observed. The results identify HAMLET as a new candidate in cancer therapy and suggest that HAMLET should be additionally explored as a novel approach to controlling GBM progression.

A review of endocrine late effects in children after brain tumor therapy; Endokrinologische Funktionsstoerungen nach Hirntumortherapie im Kindesalter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marx, M.; Langer, T.; Beck, J.D.; Doerr, H.G. [Erlangen-Nuernberg Univ., Erlangen (Germany). Kinderklinik mit Poliklinik

1999-07-01

Background: Advances in the therapy of malignant brain tumors in children have led to a significant improvement in survival rates over the last few decades. As a result, the recognition and treatment of late effects have become more important. In addition to secondary tumors and deficiencies in cognitive and intellectual skills, the resulting endocrine disturbances play an important role. Method: Own data and literature review. Results: Deviations from the normal growth hormone secretion are usually recognized first and are most common, and have already been observed after conventional whole brain irradiation with 18 G. With some delay, other hypothalamopituitary deficiencies may occur, including panhypopituitarism. Puberty may come too early or too late or may not appear at all. Girls in particular, frequently experience an early and rapid pubertal development after brain tumor therapy, which may lead to further reduction in height due to an accelerated bone maturation. Functional disturbances of the thyroid and adrenal glands due to hypothalamic or pituitary deficiency are less common, and usually seen only after a radiation dose of over 40 Gy. Conclusion: Survivors of childhood brain tumors must be considered as long-term survivors, in whom the first therapy-induced long-term side effects appear almost immediately after the end of therapy. Maximum quality of life for the individual patient can only be achieved by long-term care and close cooperation of specialists in the different medical disciplines involved. (orig.) [Deutsch] Hintergrund: Fortschritte in der Therapie maligner Hirntumoren im Kindesalter haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Ueberlebensraten gefuehrt. Daher kommt dem Erkennen therapiebedingter Spaetfolgen zunehmend eine Bedeutung zu. Neben Zweittumoren, kognitiven und intellektuellen Einbussen spielen hormonelle Folgestoerungen eine bedeutende Rolle. Methode: Eigene Erfahrungen und Literaturrecherche. Ergebnisse

PENENTUAN FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH DALAM FAULTY BEHAVIOR RISK MELALUI PENDEKATAN METODE FUZZY ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

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Rizal Irfan Fuadi

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Manajemen keselamatan merupakan pengorganisasian, sumber daya manusia, kebijakan dan prosedur interaktif yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi kemungkinan kerusakan dan kerugian di tempat kerja. Salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki manajemen keselamatan di perusahaan adalah dengan melakukan penelitian mengenai faktor yang berpengaruh dalam risiko kesalahan perilaku. Secara umum, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keselamatan kerja tidak memiliki struktur fisik. Untuk itu, maka masalah pada kondisi nyata dapat direpresentasikan dengan cara yang lebih baik menggunakan angka fuzzy untuk mengevaluasi faktor-faktor ini. Pada penelitian ini, pendekatan Fuzzy AHP bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat Faulty Behavior Risk (FBR pada sistem kerja.Penentuan faktor yang berpengaruh dalam Faulty Behavior Risk (FBR/risiko dari perilaku yang salah dimulai dengan menentukan responden, penyusunan kuesioner, uji validitas dan reliabilitas, hasil dari kuesioner dijadikan inputan dalam pengolahan data dengan metode FuzzyAnalytic Hierachy Process (FAHP. Kuesioner ini dibuat berdasarkan konsep safety management yang terdiri dari 4 faktor, yaitu faktor organisasi, faktor pribadi, faktor pekerjaan dan faktor lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bay 2.1 yang memproduksi panel dan bay 7.1 yang memproduksi finning. Berdasarkan perhitungan FBR pada bay 2.1 menunjukkan nilai 0,4793 yang berarti risiko kesalahan perilaku di antara batas bawah (0,25 dan batas atas (0,50. Sedangkan pada bay 7.1 sebesar 0,5317 yang berarti risiko kesalahan perilaku memiliki potensi tinggi karena berada di atas batas atas. Dari hasil penentuan FBR didapatkan nilai  pada bay 2.1 yang memiliki risiko penyebab tertinggi terdapat pada sub faktor kurang persiapan (0,0788 sedangkan pada bay 7.1 dengan nilai FBR sebesar 0,5317 yang memiliki risiko tertinggi terdapat pada sub faktor kelelahan kerja (0,0970. Melalui penelitian ini, faktor penyebab kesalahan perilaku kerja dapat diketahui dan diberikan

Interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are expressed by different subsets of microglia and macrophages after ischemic stroke in mice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clausen, Bettina H; Lambertsen, Kate L; Babcock, Alicia A

2008-01-01

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are expressed by microglia and infiltrating macrophages following ischemic stroke. Whereas IL-1beta is primarily neurotoxic in ischemic stroke, TNF-alpha may have neurotoxic and/or neuroprotective effects. We inv...

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja di Kota Padang

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Mahmudah .

2016-08-01

Full Text Available  AbstrakRendahnya pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan kontrol dari orangtua dapat membuat remaja berperilaku seksual berisiko. Banyak factor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku seksual remaja. Di Sumatera Barat, Padang menduduki urutan ke 3 terbanyak remaja berperilaku seksual berisiko setelah Payakumbuh dan Bukit Tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja di Kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 158 orang yang diambil dengan cara multistage random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan 95%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan responden yang berperilaku seksual berisiko (20,9%, jenis kelamin laki-laki (38,6%, pubertas di usia <11 tahun (6,3%, tingkat pengetahuan kurang ((1,9%, mendapat paparan tinggi dengan sumber informasi seksual (19,6% dan yang memiliki sikap negatif (34,8%. Variabel yang memiliki nilai p<0,05 adalah jenis kelamin, paparan dengan sumber informasi seksual dan sikap terhadap berbagai perilaku seksual. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku seksual remaja di Kota Padang dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin laki-laki, paparan tinggi dengan sumber informasi seksual dan sikap negatif terhadap berbagai perilaku seksual.Kata kunci: perilaku seksual, remaja, faktor yang mempengaruhi AbstractLack of knowledge about reproduction health and parents control can make adolescent have risky sexual behavior. Many factors that can related sexual behavior in adolescent. In West Sumatera, Padang city is on rank 3rd after Payakumbuh and Bukit Tinggi who have most adolescent with risky sexual behavior. The objective of this study was to observe the factors that can be related to adolescent sexual behavior in Padang. Type of this research was analytic with cross sectional study.  Total samples in this research were 158 respondents which are taken by multistage random

Schedule-dependent inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha protein accumulation, angiogenesis, and tumor growth by topotecan in U251-HRE glioblastoma xenografts.

Science.gov (United States)

Rapisarda, Annamaria; Zalek, Jessica; Hollingshead, Melinda; Braunschweig, Till; Uranchimeg, Badarch; Bonomi, Carrie A; Borgel, Suzanne D; Carter, John P; Hewitt, Stephen M; Shoemaker, Robert H; Melillo, Giovanni

2004-10-01

We have previously shown that topotecan, a topoisomerase I poison, inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha protein accumulation by a DNA damage-independent mechanism. Here, we report that daily administration of topotecan inhibits HIF-1alpha protein expression in U251-HRE glioblastoma xenografts. Concomitant with HIF-1alpha inhibition, topotecan caused a significant tumor growth inhibition associated with a marked decrease of angiogenesis and expression of HIF-1 target genes in tumor tissue. These results provide a compelling rationale for testing topotecan in clinical trials to target HIF-1 in cancer patients.

Die oorsake van en bydraende faktore tot eensaamheid: 'n literatuuroorsig

OpenAIRE

Doman, LCH; le Roux, A

2010-01-01

'n Groot deel van die bevolking ervaar gereeld eensaamheid en dit word as 'n algemene verskynsel in die menslike bestaan beskou. Verskeie studies dui daarop dat jong mense veral vatbaar is vir eensaamheid. Eensaamheid word ook beskou as 'n risiko-faktor vir 'n wye verskeidenheid probleme wat 'n potensiële gevaar vir die mens se gesondheid inhou. Verskeie faktore wat 'n invloed op die mate van eensaamheid het, is ook kenmerkend van die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks. Rokach se model van eensaamheidsv...

Endogenous endophthalmitis in a rheumatoid patient on tumor necrosis factor alpha blocker

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Agarwal Pankaj

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The development of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF therapies is a milestone in the therapy of rheumatic diseases. It is of concern whether all potential undesired complications of therapy have been evaluated within clinical trials which have led to treatment approval. Specialists prescribing TNF blockers should be aware of the unusual and severe complications that can occur. We describe a case of endogenous endophthalmitis in a rheumatoid patient on TNF alpha blocker.

Faktor Risiko Asma Pada Murid Sekolah Dasar Usia 6-7 Tahun di Kota Padang

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Afdal .

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Latar belakang : Asma merupakan penyakit kronik yang sering dijumpai pada anak. Dilaporkan bahwa prevalens asma meningkat pada anak maupun dewasa. Usia 6-7 tahun merupakan periode dimana prevalens asma dan angka kunjungan ke rumah sakit karena asma lebih tinggi. Terjadinya asma dianggap sebagai interaksi yang kompleks antara faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan. Faktor genetik sudah dibuktikan dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, tetapi karakteristik faktor risiko lingkungan pada asma belum jelas. Apabila melihat derajat peningkatan kejadian asma, tidak mungkin hanya faktor genetik yang berperan, tetapi peran faktor lingkungan justru yang lebih besar. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui prevalens dan faktor risiko asma pada anak SD usia 6-7 tahun di Kota Padang.Metoda : Suatu penelitian cross sectional di 20 SD di Kota Padang pada bulan Juni – November 2009 dengan jumlah sampel 879 orang. Terhadap setiap subjek dilakukan penelitian yaitu pembagian kuisioner ISAAC (international study of asthma and allergies in childhood untuk orang tua. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square untuk variabel katagorik dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Data dianalisis menggunakan peranti lunak komputer.Hasil : Prevalens asma pada murid SD usia 6-7 tahun di Kota Padang berdasarkan kuisioner ISAAC sebesar 8%. Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian asma adalah atopi ayah atau ibu, diikuti faktor berat badan lahir dan kebiasaan merokok pada ibu serta pemberian obat parasetamol. Sedangkan pemberian ASI dan kontak dengan unggas merupakan faktor protektif terhadap kejadian asma. Kata kunci: faktor risiko, asma, sekolah dasar Abstract Background: Background Asthma is a common chronic disease in children. It had been reported that the prevalence of asthma in children and adults was increasing. The age of 6-7 years is the period where the prevalence and the number of visits to the hospital because of asthma are higher. The

INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG DI INDONESIA DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA

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Sarwedi Sarwedi

2002-01-01

Full Text Available There have been many studies on the determinants of foreign direct investment or FDI. Howerer, they are different both in the methodologies and the results. Although the influence of many factors that are assumed to be fixed (ceteris paribus are very strong-such as macroeconomic variables GDP, economic growth and inflation, they left various conclusions and debates. FDI can be one of the important sources of capital in developing countries, and contribute, the national development by transfer of asset, management, and technology to stimulate the economy of the country. The research model uses some domestic characteristics, that will be combined in a short and long run period by using OLS. The Error Correction Model (ECM and Granger Causality Test, are applied to the determine the factors that influence the foreign direct investment (FDI in Indonesia within 1978 -2001. The result shows that economic variables such as GDP, growth, wage and export have positive effect to FDI. While non-economic variables such as Political Stability (SP shows a negative effect. This conclusion is in a harmony with the empirical study done by Schneider and Frey (1986 that politicaal stability has a negative relations ship with FDI. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Saat ini sudah terdapat banyak studi tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi investasi asing langsung (foreign direct investment atau FDI. Namun demikian metodologi yang digunakan dan hasil studi masih sangat bervariasi. Meskipun faktor-faktor yang dianggap tetap (ceteris paribus pengaruhnya sangat kuat, seperti variabel makro ekonomi yaitu pendapatan nasional, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi, tetapi masih juga terdapat kesimpulan yang berbeda dan menimbulkan berbagai perdebatan. FDI menjadi salah satu sumber pembiayaan (modal yang penting bagi negara berkembang, dan mampu memberikan kontribusi yang cukup besar bagi pembangunan melalui transfer asset dan manajemen, serta transfer teknologi guna mendorong

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI IMPOR BAJA DI INDONESIA

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Jhonson Agustinus Pasaribu

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Impor baja terus mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 1980-2012, hal ini disebabkan karena tingkat produksi baja tidak mampu mengimbangi dan memenuhi tingkat konsumsi baja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi impor baja di Indonesia. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Error Corection Model (ECM. Pengujian secara parsial digunakan uji t-statistik dan pengujian secara serempak digunakan uji F-statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Produksi baja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap impor baja dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Konsumsi baja menunjukan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap impor baja dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Gross Domestic Product (GDP menunjukan pengaruh yang negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap impor baja dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Nilai tukar rupiah (Kurs menunjukan pengaruh yang positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap impor baja dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek.  The steel import keep having enhancement from 1980 to 2012, it’s because of steel production level can’t fulfill the steel consumption level. If the high level of the steel import volume continues, domestic steel industries will run into a low impact for Indonesian’s economy. The goal of this research analize the affecting factors of steel import in Indonesia. The analytical method use the Error Correction Model (ECM. The partial test use t-statistic and the simultan test use F-statistic. The results showed that the steel production has negative and significant effect on steel import in the long term and short term. The steel consumption has positive and significant effect on steel import in the long term and short term. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP has negative and not significant effect on steel import in the long term and short term. The exchange rate indicates positive and not significant effect on steel import in the long term and short term.

Metabolic and vascular effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade with etanercept in obese patients with type 2 diabetes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dominguez, Helena; Storgaard, Heidi; Rask-Madsen, Christian

2005-01-01

OBJECTIVE: The pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) impairs insulin action in insulin-sensitive tissues, such as fat, muscle and endothelium, and causes endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesized that TNF-alpha blockade with etanercept could reverse vascular and metabolic...... glucose uptake remained unchanged as well. Beta-cell function tended to improve. CONCLUSION: Although short-term etanercept treatment had a significant beneficial effect on systemic inflammatory markers, no improvement of vascular or metabolic insulin sensitivity was observed....

Interferon-induced changes in pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake of 111In-labeled antimelanoma antibody 96.5 in melanoma patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosenblum, M.G.; Lamki, L.M.; Murray, J.L.; Carlo, D.J.; Gutterman, J.U.

1988-01-01

The type I interferons [both partially purified human leukocyte interferon (HuIFN-alpha) and recombinant alpha interferon] and the type II interferons have been shown to increase the expression of tumor-associated antigens in vitro. To determine whether HuIFN-alpha could increase tumor acquisition of the antimelanoma antibody 96.5 in vivo, five patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with HuIFN-alpha at a dose of 3 X 10(6) units daily by im administration. Twenty-four hours after the first dose of HuIFN-alpha, 1 mg of antibody 96.5 labeled with 5 mCi of 111 In was coadministered with 19 mg of unlabeled 96.5. Five patients matched for metastatic site and lesion size who had not received HuIFN-alpha were also given a dose of 5 mCi of radiolabeled 96.5 at the same total antibody dose (20 mg). In patients treated with HuIFN-alpha, there was a statistically significant increase in the plasma half-life of the 111 In label (39.7 +/- 3.3 hr) compared to the untreated control group (29.8 +/- 3.2 hr). In addition, there was an increase in the apparent volume of distribution of the antibody in the HuIFN-alpha group (5.56 +/- 0.67 L) compared to controls (3.15 +/- 0.5 L) suggesting both an increased immediate extravascular distribution of radiolabeled antibody and a decrease in the subsequent rate of clearance of antibody from plasma. These two phenomena result in a 28% decrease in the area under the concentration curve in the HuIFN-alpha-treated group compared to controls. Computer analysis of whole-body scans from patients showed a threefold increase in radiolabeled antibody distributed to tumor relative to blood pool but no change in organ:blood ratios for liver, spleen, bone, or kidney compared to controls

Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Organisasi, Individu, Dan Lingkungan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Departemen Front Office Hotel Shangri-la Surabaya

OpenAIRE

Yonggara, Natalia; Gresia, Neria

2014-01-01

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Hotel Shangri-La Surabaya, terhadap populasi sebanyak 50 responden. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor organisasi, individu, dan lingkungan terhadap kinerja karyawan departemen Front Office. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh pengaruh yang signifikan secara serempak pada faktor organisasi, individu, dan lingkungan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Sedangkan pengaruh yang signifikan secara parsial pada faktor individu dan lingkungan. Fa...

Peran Faktor Demografi Dalam Pengembangan Hutan Kota Di Sumatera Bagian Selatan

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Edwin Martin

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Fokus utama peranan hutan kota adalah pada jasa-jasa lingkungan. Sayangnya, kota-kota di negara- negara berkembang menghadapi banyak tantangan dalam mengembangkan hutan kota ini. Faktor demografi bertambahnya jumlah penduduk dipahami sebagai masalah bagi kota dalam mengintegrasikan hutan kota ke dalam perencanaan kota dan pengembangannya. Hasil penelitian di negara maju menyebutkan bahwa justru kepadatan penduduk merupakan potensi dalam pengembangan hutan kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang peran faktor demografi dalam hubungannya dengan pengembangan hutan kota. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan makro dan mikro. Cara makro membandingkan kinerja hutan kota antarkota yang berbeda secara demografi, sementara cara mikro mencari tahu perbedaan kinerja hutan kota antarwilayah yang berbeda kepadatan penduduknya dalam satu kota. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan penduduk sebagai faktor demografi berperan sebagai penghambat dan pendukung pengembangan hutan kota. Kebutuhan luas minimal hutan kota suatu kota sebaiknya dihitung berdasarkan keadaan demografi kota.

FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL PADANG TAHUN 2014

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Dien Gusta Anggraini Nursal

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Preeklampsia merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan kehamilan dan penyebab kematian maternal. Angka kejadian preeklampsia di RSUP. DR. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2014 adalah 20,14%. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan kasus kontrol. Jumlah sampel 34 kasus dan 34 kontrol, perbandingan 1:1. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik systematic random sampling. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square dan multivariat dengan analisis Regresi Logistik Ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan umur (p=0,006, dan obesitas (p=0,031 berisiko secara bermakna, sedangkan status gravida, riwayat diabetes mellitus dan tingkat pendidikan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna dan bukan faktor risiko preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2014. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor paling dominan terhadap kejadian preeklampsia adalah umur (p=0,001. Umur dan obesitas merupakan faktor risiko kejadian preeklampsia. Disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan promotif dan preventif dengan penyuluhan dan sosialisasi mengenai umur beresiko preeklampsia dan mengurangi berat badan. Kata Kunci: Preeklampsia, Ibu Hamil, Faktor Risiko, RSUP M Djamil Padang

FAKTOR PENDORONG DAN PENARIK ORANG BALI BERWISATA KE LUAR NEGERI

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Ni Wayan Ana Pradnya Dewi

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Berwisata saat ini sudah menjadi gaya hidup bagi masyarakat, tak terkecuali orang Bali. Beberapa tahun terakhir tercatat banyak orang Bali yang berlibur, bahkan hingga ke luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil demografis orang Bali dan negara yang dikunjungi, faktor pendorong dan penarik, menganalisis tingkat motivasi dan perbedaan motivasi orang Bali yang pertama kali dan yang sering berwisata ke luar negeri. Teori Motivasi dan Teori Hirarki Kebutuhan Maslow digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan kuesioner dengan teknik Quota Sampling. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis statistik Diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi orang Bali sangat beragam, responden dapat memiliki motivasi lebih dari satu. Faktor pendorong yang paling dominan adalah educational opportunity disamping motif lain seperti relaxation dan play, sedangkan faktor penarik yang dominan adalah cultural factors, diikuti oleh natural environment dan recreation and attraction services. Ditemukan pula adanya perbedaan motivasi di antara orang Bali yang pertama kali dan yang sering melakukan perjalanan wisata ke luar negeri.

Hantaan Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Binds to Importin alpha Proteins and Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B

Science.gov (United States)

2008-11-19

Microbiology . All Rights Reserved. Hantaan Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Binds to Importin Proteins and Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced...Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702,1 and Department of Microbiology , Mount Sinai...34–36. 32. Prescott , J., C. Ye, G. Sen, and B. Hjelle. 2005. Induction of innate immune response genes by Sin Nombre hantavirus does not require

Tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} enhanced fusions between oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and endothelial cells via VCAM-1/VLA-4 pathway

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Kai; Zhu, Fei; Zhang, Han-zhong [The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan (China); Shang, Zheng-jun, E-mail: shangzhengjun@hotmail.com [The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan (China); First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan (China)

2012-08-15

Fusion between cancer cells and host cells, including endothelial cells, may strongly modulate the biological behavior of tumors. However, no one is sure about the driving factors and underlying mechanism involved in such fusion. We hypothesized in this study that inflammation, one of the main characteristics in tumor microenvironment, serves as a prominent catalyst for fusion events. Our results showed that oral cancer cells can fuse spontaneously with endothelial cells in co-culture and inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}) increased fusion of human umbilical vein endothelium cells and oral cancer cells by up to 3-fold in vitro. Additionally, human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and 35 out of 50 (70%) oral squamous carcinoma specimens express VLA-4, an integrin, previously implicated in fusions between human peripheral blood CD34-positive cells and murine cardiomyocytes. Expression of VCAM-1, a ligand for VLA-4, was evident on vascular endothelium of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis revealed that expression of VCAM-1 increased obviously in TNF-{alpha}-stimulated endothelial cells. Anti-VLA-4 or anti-VCAM-1 treatment can decrease significantly cancer-endothelial adhesion and block such fusion. Collectively, our results suggested that TNF-{alpha} could enhance cancer-endothelial cell adhesion and fusion through VCAM-1/VLA-4 pathway. This study provides insights into regulatory mechanism of cancer-endothelial cell fusion, and has important implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for prevention of metastasis. -- Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Spontaneous oral cancer-endothelial cell fusion. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer TNF-{alpha} enhanced cell fusions. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer VCAM-1/VLA-4 expressed in oral cancer. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer TNF-{alpha} increased expression of VCAM-1 on endothelial cells. Black

The dissociation of tumor-induced weight loss from hypoglycemia in a transplantable pluripotent rat islet tumor results in the segregation of stable alpha- and beta-cell tumor phenotypes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Madsen, O D; Karlsen, C; Nielsen, E

1993-01-01

in NEDH rats resulted in stable hypoglycemic insulinoma tumor lines, such as MSL-G2-IN. Occasionally, hypoglycemia as well as severe weight loss were observed in the early tumor passages of MSL-G and the subclone, NHI-5B, which carry the transfected neomycin and human insulin genes as unique clonal...... markers. By selective transplantation, it was possible to segregate stable anorectic normoglycemic tumor lines, MSL-G-AN and NHI-5B-AN, from both clones. These tumors cause an abrupt onset of anorexia when they reach a size of 400-500 mg (loss parallels...... a common clonal origin of pluripotent MSL cells, thus supporting the existence of a cell lineage relationship between islet alpha- and beta-cell during ontogeny; and 2) that our glucagonomas release an anorexigenic substance(s) of unknown nature that causes a severe weight loss comparable to that reported...

The correlation analysis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-308G/A polymorphism and venous thromboembolism risk: A meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Quangen; Zhang, Peijin; Wang, Wei; Ma, He; Tong, Yue; Zhang, Jing; Lu, Zhaojun

2016-10-01

Venous thromboembolism is a common complex disorder, being the resultant of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine which has been implicated in venous thromboembolism risk. A promoter 308G/A polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene has been suggested to modulate the risk for venous thromboembolism. However, the published findings remain inconsistent. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of all available data regarding this issue. Eligible studies were identified through search of Pubmed, EBSCO Medline, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, Chinese) databases up to June 2014. Pooled Odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were applied to estimating the strength of the genetic association in the random-effects model or fixed-effects model. A total of 10 studies involving 1999 venous thromboembolism cases and 2166 controls were included in this meta-analysis to evaluate the association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha-308G/A polymorphism and venous thromboembolism risk. Overall, no significantly increased risk venous thromboembolism was observed in all comparison models when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis. However, in stratified analyses by ethnicity, there was a pronounced association with venous thromboembolism risk among West Asians in three genetic models (A vs. G: OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.13-2.94; GA vs. GG: OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.08-3.06; AA/GA vs. GG: OR = 1.88, 95%CI = 1.12-3.16). When stratifying by source of controls, no significant result was detected in all genetic models. This meta-analysis demonstrates that tumor necrosis factor-alpha 308G/A polymorphism may contribute to susceptibility to venous thromboembolism among West Asians. Studies are needed to ascertain these findings in larger samples and different racial groups. © The Author(s) 2015.

Free hemoglobin enhances tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in isolated human monocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrillo, Eddy H; Gordon, Laura E; Richardson, J David; Polk, Hiram C

2002-03-01

A systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is seen in approximately 75% of patients with complex blunt liver injuries treated nonoperatively. Many feel this response is caused by blood, bile, and necrotic tissue accumulation in the peritoneal cavity. Our current treatment for these patients is a delayed laparoscopic washout of the peritoneal cavity, resulting in a dramatic resolution of the SIR. Spectrophotometric analysis of the intraperitoneal fluid has confirmed the presence of high concentrations of free hemoglobin (Hb). We hypothesize that free Hb enhances the local peritoneal response by increasing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production by monocytes, contributing to the local inflammatory response and SIR. Monocytes from five healthy volunteers were isolated and cultured in RPMI-1640 for 24 hours. Treatment groups included saline controls, lipopolysaccharide ([LPS], 10 ng/mL, from Escherichia coli), human Hb (25 microg/mL), and Hb + LPS. Supernatants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Student's t test with Mann-Whitney posttest was used for statistical analysis with p < or = 0.05 considered significant. Free Hb significantly increased TNF-alpha production 915 +/- 223 pg/mL versus saline (p = 0.02). LPS and Hb + LPS further increased TNF-alpha production (2294 pg/mL and 2501 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001) compared with saline controls. These data confirm that free Hb is a proinflammatory mediator resulting in the production of significant amounts of TNF-alpha. These in vitro findings support our clinical data in which timely removal of intraperitoneal free hemoglobin helps prevent its deleterious local and systemic inflammatory effects in patients with complex liver injuries managed nonoperatively.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-4 gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with gout.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, M-L; Tsai, F-J; Tsai, C-H; Huang, C-M

2007-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine whether polymorphisms of interleukin-4 (IL-4) (promoter-590 and intron 3) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) promoter-308 genes are markers of susceptibility to or clinical manifestations of gout in Taiwanese patients. The study included 196 Taiwanese patients with gout and 103 unrelated healthy control subjects living in central Taiwan. Polymorphisms of the IL-4 (promoter-590 and intron 3) and TNF-alpha (promoter-308) genes were typed from genomic DNA. Allelic frequencies and carriage rates were then compared between gout patients and control subjects. The correlation between allelic frequencies, carriage rates and clinical manifestations of gout were evaluated. No significant differences were observed in the allelic frequencies and carriage rates of the IL-4 (promoter-590 and intron 3) and TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms between patients with gout and healthy control subjects. Furthermore, the IL-4 (promoter-590 and intron 3) and TNF-alpha genotypes were not found to be associated with the clinical and laboratory profiles in gout patients. However, there was a significant difference in the TNF-alphapolymorphism genotype between patients with and without hypertriglyceridemia (P=0.001, xi2=11.47, OR=10.3, 95%CI=3.57-29.7). The results of our study suggest that polymorphisms of the IL-4 (promoter-590 and intron 3) and TNF-alpha promoter-308 genes are not related to gout in Chinese patients in Taiwan.

The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor- alpha and Resistin in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alkady, M.M.

2011-01-01

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents one of the most common liver diseases. It is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance and is thought to be a part of the metabolic syndrome. It can progress from simple fatty liver to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and liver failure. Adipocytokines, synthesized in adipose tissue, are involved in the pathophysiology of many acute and chronic liver diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and resistin in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and their correlation to the severity of the disease. Serum concentration of TNF-alpha and resistin were measured in 20 patients with NAFLD and 20 healthy controls with ELISA method. The results of this study revealed that serum levels of both adipokines were significantly elevated in NAFLD patients than controls (P<0.01). Moreover, they were significantly higher in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis than in patients with simple fatty liver. There was a significant positive correlation between TNF-alpha, resistin and each of AST, ALT and HOMA. Similarly, the results showed a significant positive correlation between the two studied adipokines, TNF-alpha and resistin (P<0.001). We conclude that TNF-alpha and resistin have a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and they may be promising markers for the progressin to steatohepatitis and inhibition of their activities by drugs may be a new approach for the treatment of NAFLD

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM di Kota Jambi

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Siti Syuhada

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesempatan kerja dan faktor yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja pada usaha mikro dan kecil menengah (UMKM di Kota Jambi. Metode analisis data adalah model regresi linier berganda (OLS, dengan menggunakan data sekunder time series dari tahun 1993-2010 yang bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS dan Kota Jambi Bank Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa upah riil memiliki efek negatif yang signifikan terhadap kesempatan kerja dan pembentukan modal tetap bruto dan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesempatan kerja pada usaha mikro di kota Jambi. Tingkat bunga riil memiliki efek signifikan negatif dan upah regional riil memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan. Variabel upah riil lebih dominan dalam mempengaruhi kesempatan kerja pada UMKM di kota Jambi.. Kata kunci : Upah riil, Tingkat bunga riil, Pembentukan Modal Tetap Bruto,.     Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that affect employment and the most dominant factor in influencing the labor absorption in the small micro and medium enterprises in the city of Jambi. Methods of data analysis used in this research is the model of multiple linear regression (OLS, by using data from the years 1993-2010 time series derived from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS and Bank Indonesia Jambi. The results of data analysis showed that real wages and a significant negative effect on employment in micro and gross fixed capital formation has positive and significant impact on employment in micro businesses in the town of Jambi. The real interest rate significant negatif and the regional real wages in small and medium enterprises in the city of Jambi has positive and significant. Variable the real wage is more dominant in affecting employment in micro, small and medium enterprises in the town of Jambi. Keywords: real wages, real interest rates, and

The combination of IL-21 and IFN-alpha boosts STAT3 activation, cytotoxicity and experimental tumor therapy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eriksen, Karsten W; Søndergaard, Henrik; Woetmann, Anders

2008-01-01

such as IFN-alpha and IL-2 have multiple and severe side effects. Accordingly, they are generally used at sub-optimal doses, which limit their clinical efficacy. Here we hypothesized that a combination of IFN-alpha and IL-21, a novel cytokine of the IL-2 family with anti-cancer effects, will increase the anti......-cancer efficacy at sub-optimal cytokine doses. We show that the combined stimulation of target-cells with IFN-alpha and IL-21 triggers an increased STAT3 activation whereas the activation of other STATs including STAT1/2 is unaffected. In parallel, the combined stimulation with IFN-alpha and IL-21 triggers...... a selective increase in MHC class I expression and NK- and CD8(+) T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. In an experimental in vivo model of renal carcinoma, the combined treatment of IFN-alpha and IL-21 also produces a significant anti-cancer effect as judged by an inhibition of tumor growth and an increased survival...

High circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in centenarians are not associated with increased production in T lymphocytes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sandmand, Marie; Bruunsgaard, Helle; Kemp, Kåre

2003-01-01

BACKGROUND: Aging is characterized by increased inflammatory activity reflected by increased plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines, concomitant with an altered cytokine profile of T lymphocytes. High plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha are strongly associated with morbidity...... and mortality in elderly humans. However, the cellular source and mechanisms for the increased circulating TNF-alpha levels are unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate if high plasma levels of TNF-alpha are associated with increased production of TNF-alpha by T lymphocytes in elderly...... humans. METHODS: TNF-alpha production by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes was measured by flow cytometry following stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin in 28 young controls, 14, 81-year-olds and 25 centenarians. RESULTS: Plasma levels of TNF-alpha increased with increasing age...

Protective specific immunity induced by cyclophosphamide plus tumor necrosis factor alpha combination treatment of EL4-lymphoma-bearing C57BL/6 mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Krawczyk, C M; Verstovsek, S; Ujházy, P; Maccubbin, D; Ehrke, M J

1995-06-01

A combination treatment protocol initiated 12 days after tumor injection, when the tumor was large, by administering cyclophosphamide (CY, 150 or 250 mg/kg) intraperitoneally followed by intravenous tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha, 1000 units injection) on days 13, 16, 18, 21, and 23, resulted in about 60% long-term survival (i.e., survival for at least 60 days) in the syngeneic C57BL/6 mouse/EL4 lymphoma model system. The establishment of a specific antitumor immune memory and its possible therapeutic relevance was verified by reinjecting 60-day survivors with EL4 cells; all 60-day survivors that had received the combination treatments rejected the implants and survived for a further 60 days. Thymic cellularity was reduced during treatment and its recovery appeared to correlate with long-term survival and immunity. Thymocytes from mice treated with the combination were found to express significant levels of specific anti-EL4 cytolytic activity following a 4-day stimulation culture with X-irradiated EL4 cells and low concentrations of interleukin-2. This response could not be generated with thymocytes from naive animals. In each case the effect seen with the combination of a moderate CY dose (150 mg/kg) with TNF alpha was better than that seen with either dose of CY alone and equal to or better than that seen with the higher dose of CY combined with TNF alpha. These results indicate that treatment with a single moderate dose of CY in combination with TNF alpha is effective against a large, established tumor in this murine model. Furthermore, all the long-term survivors induced by this treatment developed protective immunity against reimplanted tumor and demonstrated a long-term specific immune memory in the thymus.

Noninvasive visualization and quantification of tumor {alpha}{sub V{beta}3} integrin expression using a novel positron emission tomography probe, {sup 64}Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-){sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jin, Zhao-Hui [Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555 (Japan); Furukawa, Takako, E-mail: tfuru@nirs.go.j [Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555 (Japan); Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193 (Japan); Galibert, Mathieu; Boturyn, Didier [Departement de Chimie Moleculaire, UMR 5250, CNRS-Universite Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France); Coll, Jean-Luc [INSERM U823, Institut Albert Bonniot and Universite Joseph Fourier, 38706 La Tronche Cedex, Grenoble (France); Fukumura, Toshimitsu; Saga, Tsuneo [Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555 (Japan); Dumy, Pascal [Departement de Chimie Moleculaire, UMR 5250, CNRS-Universite Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France); Fujibayashi, Yasuhisa [Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555 (Japan); Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193 (Japan)

2011-05-15

Introduction: The {alpha}{sub V{beta}3} integrin is a well-known transmembrane receptor involved in tumor invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Our aim was to evaluate a novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe, {sup 64}Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-){sub 4}, for noninvasive visualization and quantification of {alpha}{sub V{beta}3} integrin expression. Methods: RAFT-c(-RGDfK-){sub 4}, a tetrameric cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-based peptide, was conjugated with a bifunctional chelator, 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (cyclam), radiolabeled with the positron emitter {sup 64}Cu and evaluated in vitro by cell binding and competitive inhibition assays and in vivo by biodistribution and receptor blocking studies, and PET imaging. The following cell lines, human embryonic kidney HEK293({beta}{sub 1}) [{alpha}{sub V{beta}3}-negative] and HEK293({beta}{sub 3}) [{alpha}{sub V{beta}3}-overexpressing] and human glioblastoma U87MG [naturally expressing {alpha}{sub V{beta}3}], together with their subcutaneous xenografts in athymic nude mice, were used for the present study. The expression levels of {alpha}{sub V{beta}3} on these cell lines and tumor xenografts were analyzed by flow cytometry and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/autoradiography, respectively. Results: {sup 64}Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-){sub 4} demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo specificity for the {alpha}{sub V{beta}3} integrin and displayed rapid blood clearance, predominantly renal excretion and low uptake in nontumor tissues. Tumor uptake of {sup 64}Cu-cyclam-RAFT-c(-RGDfK-){sub 4} (3 h postinjection) in HEK293({beta}{sub 3}) (high levels of {alpha}{sub V{beta}3}), U87MG (moderate levels of {alpha}{sub V{beta}3}) and HEK293({beta}{sub 1}) (undetectable levels of {alpha}{sub V{beta}3}) tumors was 9.35%{+-}1.19%, 3.46%{+-}0.45% and 1.18%{+-}0.30% injected dose per gram, respectively, with a strong and positive correlation with the tumor {alpha}{sub V{beta}3} expression levels

Human keratinocytes are a source for tumor necrosis factor alpha: Evidence for synthesis and release upon stimulation with endotoxin or ultraviolet light

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koeck, A.S.; Schwarz, T.; Kirnbauer, R.; Urbanski, A.; Perry, P.; Ansel, J.C.; Luger, T.A.

1990-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), in addition to being cytotoxic for certain tumor cells, has turned out as a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. Since human keratinocytes have been demonstrated to be a potent source of various cytokines, it was investigated whether epidermal cells synthesize and release TNF-alpha. Supernatants derived from normal human keratinocytes (HNK) and human epidermoid carcinoma cell lines (KB, A431) were tested both in a TNF-alpha-specific ELISA and a bioassay. In supernatants of untreated epidermal cells, no or minimal TNF-alpha activity was found, while after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or ultraviolet (UV) light, significant amounts were detected. Western blot analysis using an antibody directed against human TNF-alpha revealed a molecular mass of 17 kD for keratinocyte-derived TNF-alpha. These biological and biochemical data were also confirmed by Northern blot analysis revealing mRNA specific for TNF-alpha in LPS- or ultraviolet B (UVB)-treated HNK and KB cells. In addition, increased TNF-alpha levels were detected in the serum obtained from human volunteers 12 and 24 h after a single total body UVB exposure, which caused a severe sunburn reaction. These findings indicate that keratinocytes upon stimulation are able to synthesize and release TNF-alpha, which may gain access to the circulation. Thus, TNF-alpha in concert with other epidermal cell-derived cytokines may mediate local and systemic inflammatory reactions during host defense against injurious events caused by microbial agents or UV irradiation

ANALISIS FAKTOR KEHADIRAN DOSEN DI UNIVERSITAS X

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annisa Mulia Rani

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Aspek kualitas pekerjaan berkaitan langsung dengan waktu yang khusus digunakan dosen untuk mengembangkan kemampuan. Maka untuk merealisasikan kualitas dosen yang terbaik , pihak manajemen khusunya dekan membuat peraturan untuk kehadiran dosen adalah minimal 25 jam/minggu. Dengan peraturan ini diharapkan dosen dapat melaksanakan beban kerja dosen sebaik-baiknya. Peraturan ini tertulis dan tertuang pada SK Dekan No 20/2006 pada kampus X. Dengan Menggunakan Analisis faktor mencoba menemukan hubungan atar sejumlah variable-variabel yang awalnya saling independen satu dengan yang lain dimana variable penyebab kekurangan jam dosen datang/minggu adalah keluaraga, manajemen, hubungan social, fasilitas pengajaran, jarak/lokasi, kompensasi transport. Berdasarkan uji Bartley test dan Measure sample of adequate yang pertama maka dengan nilai sig 0.04 dan msa 0.540 . Dengan menggunakan metode principal component analysis maka pembentukan factor hanya ada 1 componen karena nilai eigen value yang mempunyai nilai diatas 1. Faktor pembentuk baru yaitu manajemen, kompensasi dan jarak menjadi satu component.

FAKTOR RISIKO KEGEMUKAN PADA WANITA DEWASA INDONESIA

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Rian Diana

2013-11-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTThis study was aimed to analyze risk factors of overweight women aged 19—55 years in Indonesia. This study used electronic files data of the National Basic Health Research 2010 from Ministry of Health, which was designed as a cross sectional survey. A total of 57,167 women aged 19—55 years were selected for the analysis. A logistic regression was applied to analyze risk factors of overweight. The result showed that 29.4% of subjects were overweight (including obese. The significant risk factors (p<0.05 of overweight among subjects were marital status (OR for married=2.712; 95%CI:2.559—2.875, household income (OR for high income=1.566; 95%CI:1.504—1.631, living settlement (OR for urban=1.358; 95%CI:1.304—1.413, physical activity (OR for sedentary=1.213; 95%CI:1.153—1.275, energy from carbohydrate (EAC (OR for EAC≥55%=1.119; 95%CI:1.067—1.173, and energy from sugary sweetened foods (ESF (OR for ESF≥10%=1.100; 95%CI:1.037—1.166. Education level (OR for higher education=0.817; 95%CI:0.782—0.853 was a protective factors for overweight. This implies the importance of promoting physical activity and healthy diet, especially with sugary sweetened foods and adequate energy from carbohydrate, for preventing and controlling overweight among Indonesian adults especially women.Keywords: overweight, risk factors, sugary foods, womenABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kegemukan pada perempuan usia 19—55 tahun di Indonesia. Analisis ini menggunakan data elektronik dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas tahun 2010, Balitbangkes, Kementerian Kesehatan dengan desain cross-sectional. Total subjek sebanyak 57 167 perempuan usia 19—55 tahun. Regresi logistik digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kegemukan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 29.4% subjek mengalami kegemukan (termasuk obes. Faktor risiko (p<0.05 kegemukan pada subjek yaitu status perkawinan (OR untuk kawin=2.712; 95%CI:2.559—2

Tumor necrosis factor alpha of teleosts: in silico characterization and homology modeling

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Tran Ngoc Tuan

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- is known to be crucial in many biological activities of organisms. In this study, physicochemical properties and modeling of TNF- protein of fish was analyzed using in silico approach. TNF- proteins selected from fish species, including grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, zebra fish (Danio rerio, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, goldfish (Carassius auratus, and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss were used in this study. Physicochemical characteristics with molecular weight, theoretical isoelectric point, extinction coefficient, aliphatic index, instability index, total number of negatively charged residues and positively charged residues, and grand average of hydropathicity were computed. All proteins were classified as transmembrane proteins. The “transmembrane region” and “TNF” domain were identified from protein sequences. The function prediction of proteins was also performed. Alpha helices and random coils were dominating in the secondary structure of the proteins. Three-dimensional structures were predicted and verified as good structures for the investigation of TNF- of fish by online server validation.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade in severe persistent asthma

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wenzel, Sally E.; Barnes, Peter J.; Bleecker, Eugene R.; Bousquet, Jean; Busse, William; Dahlén, Sven-Erik; Holgate, Stephen T.; Meyers, Deborah A.; Rabe, Klaus F.; Antczak, Adam; Baker, James; Horvath, Ildiko; Mark, Zsuzsanna; Bernstein, David; Kerwin, Edward; Schlenker-Herceg, Rozsa; Lo, Kim Hung; Watt, Rosemary; Barnathan, Elliot S.; Chanez, Pascal; Chanez, P.; Tunon-de-Lara, M.; Antczak, A.; Pierzchala, W.; Bukowczan, Z.; Trawinska, E.; Baker, J.; Wenzel, S. E.; Katial, R.; Bernstein, D.; Kerwin, E.; Bensch, G.; Castro, M.; Noonan, M.; Nayak, A.; Chupp, G.; Kline, J.; Busse, W.; Kavuru, M. S.; Lang, D.; Wolfe, R.; Baughman, R.; Korenblat, P.; Mansfield, L.; Bleecker, E.; Lisberg, E.; Liu, M.; Panettieri, R.; Spangenthal, S.; Bel, E. H.

2009-01-01

RATIONALE: The treatment effect of golimumab, a human monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, in severe persistent asthma is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and efficacy of golimumab in a large population of patients with uncontrolled, severe persistent asthma.

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and its downstream targets in fibroepithelial tumors of the breast

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kuijper, Arno; Groep, P. van der; Wall, E. van der; Diest, P.J. van

2005-01-01

INTRODUCTION Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) alpha and its downstream targets carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are key factors in the survival of proliferating tumor cells in a hypoxic microenvironment. We studied the expression and prognostic relevance

Suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 inhibits Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced apoptosis and signalling in beta cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruun, Christine; Heding, Peter E; Rønn, Sif G

2009-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). TNFalpha in combination with interleukin-1-beta (IL-1beta) and/or interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) induces specific destruction...

DESKRIPSI KESULITAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DAN FAKTOR PENYEBABNYA DALAM MEMAHAMI MATERI LISTRIK DINAMIS KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 BENGKAYANG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ira Nofitasari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kesulitan belajar peserta didik dan faktor penyebabnya dalam memahami materi listrik dinamis kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Bengkayang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah teknik pengukuran dengan soal tes, dan teknik komunikasi tidak langsung dengan angket respon. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa: (1 Kesulitan yang dialami peserta didik dengan kriteria tinggi yaitu pada sub pokok bahasan Hukum Kirchoff dengan persentase sebesar 71,42 % dan energi serta daya hantar listrik dengan persentase sebesar 63,68 %, sedangkan untuk sub pokok bahasan dengan kriteria cukup tinggi yaitu pada sub pokok bahasan Hukum Ohm dan hambatan suatu konduktor dengan persentase sebesar 58,03 %, arus, tegangan, dan hambatan listrik dengan persentase sebesar 53,35 %, rangkaian resistor seri dan paralel dengan persentase sebesar 53,57 %.;(2 Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan peserta didik mengalami kesulitan yaitu faktor intern dan ekstern. Faktor intern yaitu kurangnya minat dan motivasi belajar peserta didik, sedangkan faktor ekstern yaitu kurangnya variasi media dan metode pembelajaran.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Kontrol Gula Darah Penderita Diabetes Melitus di RSUD Kelet Jepara

OpenAIRE

Faidah, Noor; Handayani, Nur

2014-01-01

Latar Belakang : Diabetes melitus memiliki prevalensi yang meningkat, di RSUD Kelet Jepara penyakit diabetes melitus selalu masuk dalam peringkat peyakit 10 besar selama 3 tahun yaitu tahun 2011 sampai dengan tahun 2013. Kepatuhan kontrol gula darah merupakan salah satu bentuk perilaku dalam pencegahan keparahan penyakit diabetes melitus. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan penderita diabetes melitus dalam melakukan kontrol gula darah M...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in baboons through an exclusive effect on the p55 receptor

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Poll, T.; Jansen, P. M.; van Zee, K. J.; Welborn, M. B.; de Jong, I.; Hack, C. E.; Loetscher, H.; Lesslauer, W.; Lowry, S. F.; Moldawer, L. L.

1996-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can bind to two distinct transmembrane receptors, the p55 and p75 TNF receptors. We compared the capability of two mutant TNF proteins with exclusive affinity for the p55 or p75 TNF receptor with that of wild type TNF, to activate the hemostatic mechanism in

Characteristics of recovery from the euthyroid sick syndrome induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha in cancer patients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Feelders, R. A.; Swaak, A. J.; Romijn, J. A.; Eggermont, A. M.; Tielens, E. T.; Vreugdenhil, G.; Endert, E.; van Eijk, H. G.; Berghout, A.

1999-01-01

Cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the euthyroid sick syndrome. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rTNF) and melphalan in patients with melanoma or sarcoma is accompanied by high systemic TNF levels. We examined the prolonged effects

Intracranial tumors in pediatric patients; Intrakranielle Tumoren im Kindesalter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reith, W. [Universitaetsklinikum Saarland, Homburg (Germany). Klinik fuer Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie; Hagen, T. [Radiologengemeinschaft, Augsburg (Germany)

2007-06-15

Every year, 400 children suffer from a brain tumor. These are the most frequent solid tumors in the pediatric patient. They represent a very heterogenic group of tumors with different clinical symptoms, pathology, therapy and prognosis. Imaging modalities such as CT and MRI are important for the diagnosis and follow-up after therapy. Brain tumors in children are responsible for 15-20% of all brain tumors. Tumors of the central nervous system are the second most common tumors after leukemia. Infra- and supratentorial tumors occur in equal number, however, there are differences in the age of occurrence: supratentorial tumors occur more often within the first 2-3 years of life, whereas infratentorial tumors reach there peak between 4 and 10 years. After the tenth year, infra- and supratentorial tumors occur with equal frequency. (orig.)

Melanoma targeting with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analogs labeled with fac-[99mTc(CO)3]+: effect of cyclization on tumor-seeking properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Raposinho, Paula D; Xavier, Catarina; Correia, João D G; Falcão, Soraia; Gomes, Paula; Santos, Isabel

2008-03-01

Early detection of primary melanoma tumors is essential because there is no effective treatment for metastatic melanoma. Several linear and cyclic radiolabeled alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analogs have been proposed to target the melanocortin type 1 receptor (MC1R) overexpressed in melanoma. The compact structure of a rhenium-cyclized alpha-MSH analog (Re-CCMSH) significantly enhanced its in vivo tumor uptake and retention. Melanotan II (MT-II), a cyclic lactam analog of alpha-MSH (Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2]), is a very potent and stable agonist peptide largely used in the characterization of melanocortin receptors. Taking advantage of the superior biological features associated with the MT-II cyclic peptide, we assessed the effect of lactam-based cyclization on the tumor-seeking properties of alpha-MSH analogs by comparing the pharmacokinetics profile of the 99mTc-labeled cyclic peptide betaAla-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2 with that of the linear analog betaAla-Nle-Asp-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys-NH2 in melanoma-bearing mice. We have synthesized and coupled the linear and cyclic peptides to a bifunctional chelator containing a pyrazolyl-diamine backbone (pz) through the amino group of betaAla, and the resulting pz-peptide conjugates were reacted with the fac-[99mTc(CO)3]+ moiety. The 99mTc(CO)3-labeled conjugates were obtained in high yield, high specific activity, and high radiochemical purity. The cyclic 99mTc(CO)3-labeled conjugate presents a remarkable internalization (87.1% of receptor-bound tracer and 50.5% of total applied activity, after 6 h at 37 degrees C) and cellular retention (only 24.7% released from the cells after 5 h) in murine melanoma B16F1 cells. A significant tumor uptake and retention was obtained in melanoma-bearing C57BL6 mice for the cyclic radioconjugate [9.26 +/- 0.83 and 11.31 +/- 1.83% ID/g at 1 and 4 h after injection, respectively]. The linear 99mTc(CO)3-pz-peptide presented lower values for

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI MINAT BELI PANGAN ORGANIK MELALUI SITUS ONLINE

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Hasrini Sari

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This study is aimed to explore the factors that can increase the intention to buy and their implications in the design of marketing sites. Theoretical background used in the study is mainly adopted from the Technology Acceptance Model. Five variables are included in this research including Online Buying Intention, Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Trust and Information on the Site. Data of 426 respondents were collected and analyzed using statistical methods of structural equation modeling to test the research model. The results show that the Information on the Site significantly influences Trust, and Perceived Usefulness and Trust significantly influence Online Buying Intention. Ease of Use does not significantly influence Online Buying Intention. The results of this study later become the basis for designing the information presented on a site of organic processed foods in a form of recommendations on information that should be presented on its website.Keywords:  technology acceptance model, online marketing, websites, organic products, structural equation modellingAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menggali faktor-faktor yang dapat meningkatkan minat beli dari pengunjung situs, serta implikasinya dalam perancangan situs pemasaran, Model utama mengadopsi Technology Acceptance Model. Empat variabel digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu kemudahan penggunaan, persepsi terhadap kegunaan, rasa percaya dan informasi pada situs. Data untuk menguji model penelitian dikumpulkan dari 426 responden, dan dianalisis menggunakan metode statistik structural equation modelling. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa informasi pada situs berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rasa percaya. Persepsi terhadap kegunaan dan rasa percaya berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli online. Kemudahan penggunaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli online. Hasil penelitian ini kemudian menjadi dasar dalam merancang informasi yang disajikan pada sebuah situs makanan olahan

Characterization of pancreatic lesions from MT-tgf alpha, Ela-myc and MT-tgf alpha/Ela-myc single and double transgenic mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Liao, Dezhong Joshua; Wang, Yong; Wu, Jiusheng; Adsay, Nazmi Volkan; Grignon, David; Khanani, Fayyaz; Sarkar, Fazlul H

2006-07-05

In order to identify good animal models for investigating therapeutic and preventive strategies for pancreatic cancer, we analyzed pancreatic lesions from several transgenic models and made a series of novel findings. Female MT-tgf alpha mice of the MT100 line developed pancreatic proliferation, acinar-ductal metaplasia, multilocular cystic neoplasms, ductal adenocarcinomas and prominent fibrosis, while the lesions in males were less severe. MT-tgf alpha-ES transgenic lines of both sexes developed slowly progressing lesions that were similar to what was seen in MT100 males. In both MT100 and MT-tgf alpha-ES lines, TGF alpha transgene was expressed mainly in proliferating ductal cells. Ela-myc transgenic mice with a mixed C57BL/6, SJL and FVB genetic background developed pancreatic tumors at 2-7 months of age, and half of the tumors were ductal adenocarcinomas, similar to what was reported originally by Sandgren et al 1. However, in 20% of the mice, the tumors metastasized to the liver. MT100/Ela-myc and MT-tgf alpha-ES/Ela-myc double transgenic mice developed not only acinar carcinomas and mixed carcinomas as previously reported but also various ductal-originated lesions, including multilocular cystic neoplasms and ductal adenocarcinomas. The double transgenic tumors were more malignant and metastasized to the liver at a higher frequency (33%) compared with the Ela-myc tumors. Sequencing of the coding region of p16ink4, k-ras and Rb cDNA in small numbers of pancreatic tumors did not identify mutations. The short latency for tumor development, the variety of tumor morphology and the liver metastases seen in Ela-myc and MT-tgf alpha/Ela-myc mice make these animals good models for investigating new therapeutic and preventive strategies for pancreatic cancer.

Amperometric magnetoimmunoassay for the direct detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha biomarker in human serum

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eletxigerra, U. [Micro-NanoFabrication Unit, IK4-Tekniker, Eibar (Spain); CIC microGUNE, Arrasate-Mondragón (Spain); Martinez-Perdiguero, J. [CIC microGUNE, Arrasate-Mondragón (Spain); Merino, S. [Micro-NanoFabrication Unit, IK4-Tekniker, Eibar (Spain); CIC microGUNE, Arrasate-Mondragón (Spain); Villalonga, R.; Pingarrón, J.M. [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid (Spain); Campuzano, S., E-mail: susanacr@quim.ucm.es [Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid (Spain)

2014-08-01

Highlights: • Electrochemical magnetoimmunosensor for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) biomarker. • Sensitive and selective detection of TNFα in undiluted serum. • LOD achieved lower than the cut-off value established for relevant illnesses. • Useful and affordable alternative to ELISAs for TNFα determination in serum. - Abstract: An amperometric immunoassay for the determination of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) protein biomarker in human serum based on the use of magnetic microbeads (MBs) and disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) has been developed. The specifically modified microbeads were magnetically captured on the working electrode surface and the amperometric responses were measured at −0.20 V (vs. Ag pseudo-reference electrode), upon addition of hydroquinone (HQ) as electron transfer mediator and H{sub 2}O{sub 2} as the enzyme substrate. After a thorough optimization of the assay, extremely low limits of detection were achieved: 2.0 pg mL{sup −1} (36 fM) and 5.8 pg mL{sup −1} (105 fM) for standard solutions and spiked human serum, respectively. The simplicity, robustness and this clinically interesting LOD proved the developed TNFα immunoassay as a good contender for real clinical application.

Amperometric magnetoimmunoassay for the direct detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha biomarker in human serum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eletxigerra, U.; Martinez-Perdiguero, J.; Merino, S.; Villalonga, R.; Pingarrón, J.M.; Campuzano, S.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Electrochemical magnetoimmunosensor for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) biomarker. • Sensitive and selective detection of TNFα in undiluted serum. • LOD achieved lower than the cut-off value established for relevant illnesses. • Useful and affordable alternative to ELISAs for TNFα determination in serum. - Abstract: An amperometric immunoassay for the determination of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) protein biomarker in human serum based on the use of magnetic microbeads (MBs) and disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) has been developed. The specifically modified microbeads were magnetically captured on the working electrode surface and the amperometric responses were measured at −0.20 V (vs. Ag pseudo-reference electrode), upon addition of hydroquinone (HQ) as electron transfer mediator and H 2 O 2 as the enzyme substrate. After a thorough optimization of the assay, extremely low limits of detection were achieved: 2.0 pg mL −1 (36 fM) and 5.8 pg mL −1 (105 fM) for standard solutions and spiked human serum, respectively. The simplicity, robustness and this clinically interesting LOD proved the developed TNFα immunoassay as a good contender for real clinical application

Die faktore gemeenskaplik aan die selfondersoekvraelys van Holland en die nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse beroepsbelangstellingsvraelys

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C. Swanevelder

1992-06-01

Full Text Available The factors common to the Self Directed Search of Holland (SDS and the new South African Vocational Interest Inventory (SAVII. The new South African Vocational Interest Inventory was locally developed with the purpose to create a single vocational interest inventory for all population groups in the RSA. In this study the common factors underlying the SDS and the SAVII were determined with the aid of interbattery factor analysis. The results indicate that there are six common factors underlying the two instruments for both the standard nine boys and girls, and that these factors agree with the six factors built into the SDS by Holland. Opsomming Die nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse Beroepsbelangstellingsvraelys (SABBV is plaaslik ontwikkel met die doel om 'n enkele beroepsbelangstellingsvraelys vir alle bevolkingsgroepe binne die RSA, daar te stel. In hierdie studie is daar ondersoek ingestel na die gemeenskaplike faktore onderliggend aan die SABBV en die Selfondersoekvraelys (SOV van Holland met behulp van 'n interbatteryfaktorontleding. Daar is bevind dat daar ses gemeenskaplike faktore onderliggend aan die twee instrumente is vir sowel standerd nege seuns as dogters, en dat hierdie faktore ooreenstem met die ses faktore wat deur Holland in die SOV ingebou is.

Kas "Hirmu faktor" paneb võistleja surmaohtu? / Selene Rebane

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rebane, Selene

2004-01-01

Rahvusvaheline teleprojekt, mille võtted toimuvad Lõuna-Aafrikas. Eesti ainus kaskadöör Enar Tarmo hindab USAs tehtud seriaali pealtnäha kõige eluohtlikumaid trikke turvalisuse seisukohalt. Lisaks tutvustus "Tõsieluseriaal "Hirmu faktor""

Development of a mouse-feline chimeric antibody against feline tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Science.gov (United States)

DOKI, Tomoyoshi; TAKANO, Tomomi; HOHDATSU, Tsutomu

2016-01-01

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal inflammatory disease caused by FIP virus infection. Feline tumor necrosis factor (fTNF)-alpha is closely involved in the aggravation of FIP pathology. We previously described the preparation of neutralizing mouse anti-fTNF-alpha monoclonal antibody (mAb 2–4) and clarified its role in the clinical condition of cats with FIP using in vitro systems. However, administration of mouse mAb 2–4 to cat may lead to a production of feline anti-mouse antibodies. In the present study, we prepared a mouse-feline chimeric mAb (chimeric mAb 2–4) by fusing the variable region of mouse mAb 2–4 to the constant region of feline antibody. The chimeric mAb 2–4 was confirmed to have fTNF-alpha neutralization activity. Purified mouse mAb 2–4 and chimeric mAb 2–4 were repeatedly administered to cats, and the changes in the ability to induce feline anti-mouse antibody response were investigated. In the serum of cats treated with mouse mAb 2–4, feline anti-mouse antibody production was induced, and the fTNF-alpha neutralization effect of mouse mAb 2–4 was reduced. In contrast, in cats treated with chimeric mAb 2–4, the feline anti-mouse antibody response was decreased compared to that of mouse mAb 2–4-treated cats. PMID:27264736

Rheumatoid arthritis risk allele PTPRC is also associated with response to anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cui, Jing; Saevarsdottir, Saedis; Thomson, Brian; Padyukov, Leonid; van der Helm-van Mil, Annette H. M.; Nititham, Joanne; Hughes, Laura B.; de Vries, Niek; Raychaudhuri, Soumya; Alfredsson, Lars; Askling, Johan; Wedrén, Sara; Ding, Bo; Guiducci, Candace; Wolbink, Gert Jan; Crusius, J. Bart A.; van der Horst-Bruinsma, Irene E.; Herenius, Marieke; Weinblatt, Michael E.; Shadick, Nancy A.; Worthington, Jane; Batliwalla, Franak; Kern, Marlena; Morgan, Ann W.; Wilson, Anthony G.; Isaacs, John D.; Hyrich, Kimme; Seldin, Michael F.; Moreland, Larry W.; Behrens, Timothy W.; Allaart, Cornelia F.; Criswell, Lindsey A.; Huizinga, Tom W. J.; Tak, Paul P.; Bridges, S. Louis; Toes, Rene E. M.; Barton, Anne; Klareskog, Lars; Gregersen, Peter K.; Karlson, Elizabeth W.; Plenge, Robert M.

2010-01-01

OBJECTIVE: Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF) therapy is a mainstay of treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the present study was to test established RA genetic risk factors to determine whether the same alleles also influence the response to anti-TNF therapy. METHODS: A total

Modulator effects of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on AMPA-induced excitotoxicity in mouse organotypic hippocampal slice cultures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bernardino, Liliana; Xapelli, Sara; Silva, Ana P

2005-01-01

The inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) have been identified as mediators of several forms of neurodegeneration in the brain. However, they can produce either deleterious or beneficial effects on neuronal function. We investigated the effects...... of mouse recombinant TNF-alpha (10 ng/ml) enhanced excitotoxicity when the cultures were simultaneously exposed to AMPA and to this cytokine. Decreasing the concentration of TNF-alpha to 1 ng/ml resulted in neuroprotection against AMPA-induced neuronal death independently on the application protocol....... By using TNF-alpha receptor (TNFR) knock-out mice, we demonstrated that the potentiation of AMPA-induced toxicity by TNF-alpha involves TNF receptor-1, whereas the neuroprotective effect is mediated by TNF receptor-2. AMPA exposure was associated with activation and proliferation of microglia as assessed...

Alpha1 and Alpha2 Integrins Mediate Invasive Activity of Mouse Mammary Carcinoma Cells through Regulation of Stromelysin-1 Expression

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lochter, Andre; Navre, Marc; Werb, Zena; Bissell, Mina J

1998-06-29

Tumor cell invasion relies on cell migration and extracellular matrix proteolysis. We investigated the contribution of different integrins to the invasive activity of mouse mammary carcinoma cells. Antibodies against integrin subunits {alpha}6 and {beta}1, but not against {alpha}1 and {alpha}2, inhibited cell locomotion on a reconstituted basement membrane in two-dimensional cell migration assays, whereas antibodies against {beta}1, but not against a6 or {alpha}2, interfered with cell adhesion to basement membrane constituents. Blocking antibodies against {alpha}1 integrins impaired only cell adhesion to type IV collagen. Antibodies against {alpha}1, {alpha}2, {alpha}6, and {beta}1, but not {alpha}5, integrin subunits reduced invasion of a reconstituted basement membrane. Integrins {alpha}1 and {alpha}2, which contributed only marginally to motility and adhesion, regulated proteinase production. Antibodies against {alpha}1 and {alpha}2, but not {alpha}6 and {beta}1, integrin subunits inhibited both transcription and protein expression of the matrix metalloproteinase stromelysin-1. Inhibition of tumor cell invasion by antibodies against {alpha}1 and {alpha}2 was reversed by addition of recombinant stromelysin-1. In contrast, stromelysin-1 could not rescue invasion inhibited by anti-{alpha}6 antibodies. Our data indicate that {alpha}1 and {alpha}2 integrins confer invasive behavior by regulating stromelysin-1 expression, whereas {alpha}6 integrins regulate cell motility. These results provide new insights into the specific functions of integrins during tumor cell invasion.

9 ikke-narkotikapolitiske faktorer med beskyttende indflydelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jourdan, Michael

2007-01-01

Sverige er verdensmester i lav prævalens. Det kan skyldes den førte narkotikapolitik. Men det kan i følge Tim Boekhut van Solinge også skyldes ikke narkotikapolitiske faktorer med beskyttende indflydelse. 9 sådanne præsenteres byggende på bogen: 'The Swedish System - an in-depth review and analysis...

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Status Gizi Anak Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Nanggalo Padang

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rona Firmana Putri

2015-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakStatus gizi anak balita salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh faktor kondisi sosial ekonomi, antara lain pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, jumlah anak, pengetahuan dan pola asuh ibu serta kondisi ekonomi orang tua secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan kondisi sosial ekonomi keluarga terhadap status gizi anak balita. Penelitian ini adalah survei analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 227 orang yang terdiri dari anak balita dan ibu balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Nanggalo Padang. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang telah diisi oleh ibu balita yang kemudian di analisis secara bivariat dan multivariat. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat didapatkan pendidikan ibu (p=0,022, pekerjaan ibu (p=0,000, pendapatan keluarga (p=0,012, jumlah anak (p=0,008 dan pola asuh ibu (p=0,000. Sementara dari analisis multivariat didapatkan pendidikan ibu (p=0,004; OR=2,594; CI95%=1,356-4,963, pekerjaan ibu (p=0,000; OR=74,769; CI95%=24,141-231,577, pendapatan keluarga (p=0,013; OR=3,058; CI95%=1,246-7,4 dan pola asuh ibu (p=0,000; OR=15,862; CI95%=5,973-42,128. Analisis bivariat menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan keluarga, jumlah anak dan pola asuh ibu dengan status gizi anak balita. Berdasarkan hasil analisis multivariat faktor pekerjaan ibu merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan status gizi anak balita.Kata kunci: status gizi, anak balita, faktor sosial ekonomiAbstractNutritional status of children under five years has affected by a political and socio-economic condition factors, among others, maternal education, maternal occupation, number of children, maternal knowledge and parenting also parents' economic conditions as a whole. This research is conduct to determine whether there is a relationship between the socio-economic conditions of families on the nutritional status of children under five.This research is a analytic survey using a

Significance of radioimmunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kausitz, J.; Hupka, S. (Institute for Postgradual Training of Physicians and Pharmaceutists, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia)); Cerny, V.; Bohunicky, L.; Korec, S. (Ustav Klinickej Onkologie, Bratislava (Czechoslovakia))

1980-01-01

Radioimmunoassays human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) made in 49 patients with nonseminomatous testicular tumors showed that these investigations make the diagnosis more precise, permit to follow up the dynamics of the course of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment and may help to reveal the presence of otherwise undetectable tumorous metastases. The significance of these assays is enhanced if the two tumorous proteins are investigated in parallel. The results proved positive in 43 (87.8%) and false negative in 6 (12.2%) of the patients. The absence of HCG and AFP production in some patients with active disorder has not as yet been elucidated.

Significance of radioimmunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kausitz, J.; Hupka, S.; Cerny, V.; Bohunicky, L.; Korec, S.

1980-01-01

Radioimmunoassays human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) made in 49 patients with nonseminomatous testicular tumors showed that these investigations make the diagnosis more precise, permit to follow up the dynamics of the course of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment and may help to reveal the presence of otherwise undetectable tumorous metastases. The significance of these assays is enhanced if the two tumorous proteins are investigated in parallel. The results proved positive in 43 (87.8%) and false negative in 6 (12.2%) of the patients. The absence of HCG and AFP production in some patients with active disorder has not as yet been elucidated. (author)

FAKTOR RISIKO FILARIASIS DI KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI

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Santoso Santoso

2013-11-01

. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko filariasis. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap 412 orang responden yang meliputi 128 kasus dan 248 bukan kasus. Analisis data dilakukan secara multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa determinan faktor risiko kejadian filariasis di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi adalah adanya genangan air di sekitar rumah, waktu tempuh ke sarana kesehatan, perilaku pencegahan gigitan nyamuk di dalam rumah, lama tinggal, tingkat pendidikan dan jenis kelamin. Probabilitas orang dengan seluruh faktor risiko tersebut sebesar 95.9% untuk terinfeksi filariasis dengan OR 23,5 kali.Kata kunci: Filariasis, Faktor risiko, Muaro Jambi

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pengungkapan Sosial Dalam Laporan Tahunan Bank Konvensional Dan Bank Syariah Di Indonesia

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Erna Agustin Roziani

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial bank-bank di Indonesia yang meliputi bank konvensional dan bank syariah periode 2004- 2007. Sebanyak 17 bank telah dianalisis sebagai sampel bank konvensional dan 3 bank sebagai sampel bank syariah. Penelitian ini mengamati dua kategori dari tiga kategori pengungkapan social perusahaan yang didasarkan pada Global Reporting Initiative versi 3.0. Kategori tersebut mencakup kinerja ekonomi dan kinerja sosial. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi empat faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan social bank, yaitu ukuran perusahaan, rasio likuiditas, rasio leverage, dan net profit margin. Hasil pengujian berdasarkan tes individu menunjukkan bahwa hanya ukuran perusahaan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan social bank konvensional. Sementara itu, hasil pengujian individu pada bank syariah menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, likuiditas, dan leverage berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan sosial. Uji simultan (F-Statistik antara bank konvensional dan bank syariah menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, likuiditas, leverage, dan net profit margin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan sosial bank.JEL Classifications : G20, G21, M14Keywords : Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Company Size,Liquidity, Leverage, Net Profit Margin, Global Reporting Initiative 3.0.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN MP-ASI PADA BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN DI BPM NURTILA PALEMBANG

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Rahmalia Afriyani

2016-09-01

Full Text Available WHO dan UNICEFmerekomendasikan standar emas pemberian makan pada bayi  yaitu  menyusui bayi secara eksklusif sejak lahir sampai dengan umur 6 bulan didahului dengan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD segera setelah lahir, mulai umur 6 bulan berikan Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian MP-ASI pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di BPM Nurtila Palembang tahun 2016.Desain penelitian kuantitatif bersifat survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang memiliki bayi usia >6 bulan yang datang ke BPM Nurtila Palembang pada tanggal 17 Mei-11 Juni 2016, pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang dan alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisis data meliputi univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan ibu (p-value=0,034 dan OR=8,000, pendapatan keluarga (p-value=0,018 dan OR=13,750, dukungan keluarga (p-value=0,003; OR=3,500 dan tradisi (p-value=0,004 dan OR=16,000 dengan pemberian MP-ASI pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di BPM Nurtila Palembang tahun 2016.

Solvation of UCl{sub 6}{sup 2-} anionic complex by MeBu{sub 3}N{sup +}, BuMe{sub 2}Im{sup +} and BuMeIm{sup +} cations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bosse, Emilie; Den Auwer, Christophe; Berthon, Claude; Guilbaud, Philippe; Moisy, Philippe [CEA Marcoule, DRCP/SCPS, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols sur Ceze Cedex (France); Grigoriev, Mikhail S. [A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, RAS, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow (Russian Federation); Nikitenko, Serguei [CNAB, UMR 5084, CNRS - Universite de Bordeaux 1, BP 120 Le Haut Vigneau, 33175 Gradignan Cedex (France); Le Naour, Claire; Cannes, Celine [IPN, UMR 8608, CNRS, Universite Paris-Sud, 91406 Orsay (France)

2008-07-01

The complexes [MeBu{sub 3}N]{sub 2}[UCl{sub 6}] and [BuMe{sub 2}Im]{sub 2}[UCl{sub 6}] were characterized in the solid state and in solution of [MeBu{sub 3}N][Tf{sub 2}N], [BuMe{sub 2}Im][Tf{sub 2}N] and [BuMeIm][Tf{sub 2}N] room temperature ionic liquids using single-crystal XRD, EXAFS, electrochemistry, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and NMR. In the solid and in solution, the existence of hydrogen bonding between the anionic UCl{sub 6}{sup 2-} complex and the ionic liquid cations were revealed by these techniques. The MeBu{sub 3}N{sup +} cation interacts with UCl{sub 6}{sup 2-} via the protons on the alpha carbon atoms of nitrogen. The protons of the imidazolium ring account for the interaction between the BuMe{sub 2}Im+ cation and the UCl{sub 6}{sup 2-} anion. For the BuMeIm{sup +} cation the major interaction was confirmed between the most acidic proton on C(2) and UCl{sub 6}{sup 2-}. The experimental results also show that the intensity of the interaction between the UCl{sub 6}{sup 2-} anion and the cation varies with the ionic liquid cation in the following order: MeBu{sub 3}N{sup +} {approx} BuMe{sub 2}Im{sup +} << BuMeIm{sup +}. (authors)

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian DBD di RSUD Kabupaten Rokan Hulu

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Herlina Susmaneli

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Di Rokan Hulu terjadi peningkatan kasus DBD tiga tahun terakhir. Pada tahun 2008 tercatat 61 kasus (insiden 15,95 per 100.000 penduduk, tahun 2009 sebanyak 77 kasus (insiden 20,13 per 100.000 penduduk, dan tahun 2010 naik menjadi 79 kasus (insiden 20,65 per 100.000 penduduk. Angka insiden ini lebih besar dari angka insiden nasional yaitu 20 per 100.000 penduduk. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktror-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian DBD di RSUD Rokan Hulu tahun 2011. Jenis penelitian Kuantitatif Analitik Observasional dengan disain Kasus Kontrol. Jumlah sampel 400 responden terdiri dari 200 Kasus (penderita DBD dan 200 Kontrol (bukan penderita DBD. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan variabel berhubungan dengan kejadian DBD adalah tempat penampungan air OR=3,768 (95% CI:2,492-5,699, Ketersediaan tutup penampung air OR=2,452 (95% CI:1,640-3,668, Frekuensi pengurasan penampung air OR=2,452 (95% CI:1,778-3,989, kepadatan rumah OR=3,331 (95% CI:2,207-5,027 dan umur OR=2,824 (95% CI:1,877-4,251. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan variabel berhubungan bermakna adalah tempat penampung air OR=3,849 (95% CI:2,399-6,175, ketersediaan tutup penampung air OR=2,248 (95% CI:1,403-3,603, frekuensi pengurasan penampung air OR=2,238 (95% CI:1,399-3,579, kepadatan rumah OR=4,049 (95% CI:2,486-6,596, umur OR=2,845 (95% CI:1,768-4,577, jenis kelamin OR=0,613 (95% CI:0,379-0,992. Faktor risiko paling dominan terjadinya DBD adalah kepadatan rumah. Diharapkan masyarakat untuk lebih memperhatikan kegiatan 3M plus dan pelaksanaan PSN–DBD secara mandiri

Inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha by dihydroxyphenylethanol, a product from olive oil, blocks microsomal prostaglandin-E synthase-1/vascular endothelial growth factor expression and reduces tumor angiogenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Terzuoli, Erika; Donnini, Sandra; Giachetti, Antonio; Iñiguez, Miguel A; Fresno, Manuel; Melillo, Giovanni; Ziche, Marina

2010-08-15

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenil)-ethanol (DPE), a polyphenol present in olive oil, has been found to attenuate the growth of colon cancer cells, an effect presumably related to its anti-inflammatory activity. To further explore the effects of DPE on angiogenesis and tumor growth we investigated the in vivo efficacy of DPE in a HT-29 xenograft model and in vitro activities in colon cancer cells exposed to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2). DPE (10 mg/kg/day for 14 days) inhibited tumor growth, reducing vessel lumina and blood perfusion to tumor, and diminished expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and microsomal prostaglandin-E synthase-1 (mPGEs-1). In vitro, DPE (100 mumol/L) neither affected cell proliferation nor induced apoptosis in HT-29 and WiDr cells. DPE prevented the IL-1beta-mediated increase of mPGEs-1 expression and PGE-2 generation, as it did the silencing of HIF-1alpha. Moreover, DPE blocked mPGEs-1-dependent expression of VEGF and inhibited endothelial sprouting induced by tumor cells in a coculture system. PGE-2 triggers a feed-forward loop involving HIF-1alpha, which impinges on mPGEs-1 and VEGF expression, events prevented by DPE via extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2. The reduction of PGE-2 and VEGF levels, caused by DPE, was invariably associated with a marked decrease in HIF-1alpha expression and activity, independent of proteasome activity, indicating that the DPE effects on tumor growth and angiogenesis are dependent on the inhibition of HIF-1alpha translation. We show that the in vivo DPE antitumor effect is associated with anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities resulting from the downregulation of the HIF-1alpha/mPGEs-1/VEGF axis.

Gastric Composite Tumor of Alpha Fetoprotein-Producing Carcinoma/Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma and Endocrine Carcinoma with Reference to Cellular Phenotypes

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Akira Suzuki

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Alpha-fetoprotein-producing carcinoma (AFPC/hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC are uncommon in the stomach. Composite tumors consisting of these carcinomas and their histologic phenotypes are not well known. Between 2002 and 2007, to estimate the prevalence of composite tumors consisting of tubular adenocarcinoma, AFPC/HAC and NEC, we reviewed specimens obtained from 294 consecutive patients treated surgically for gastric cancer. We examined histological phenotype of tumors of AFPC or NEC containing the composite tumor by evaluating immunohistochemical expressions of MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CDX2, and SOX2. Immunohistochemically, AFPC/HAC dominantly showed the intestinal or mixed phenotype, and NEC frequently showed the gastric phenotype. In the composite tumor, the tubular and hepatoid components showed the gastric phenotype, and the neuroendocrine component showed the mixed type. The unique composite tumor predominantly showed the gastric phenotype, and the hepatoid and neuroendocrine components were considered to be differentiated from the tubular component.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha activates signal transduction in hypothalamus and modulates the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins and orexigenic/anorexigenic neurotransmitters.

Science.gov (United States)

Amaral, Maria E; Barbuio, Raquel; Milanski, Marciane; Romanatto, Talita; Barbosa, Helena C; Nadruz, Wilson; Bertolo, Manoel B; Boschero, Antonio C; Saad, Mario J A; Franchini, Kleber G; Velloso, Licio A

2006-07-01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is known to participate in the wastage syndrome that accompanies cancer and severe infectious diseases. More recently, a role for TNF-alpha in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity has been shown. Much of the regulatory action exerted by TNF-alpha upon the control of energy stores depends on its action on the hypothalamus. In this study, we show that TNF-alpha activates canonical pro-inflammatory signal transduction pathways in the hypothalamus of rats. These signaling events lead to the transcriptional activation of an early responsive gene and to the induction of expression of cytokines and a cytokine responsive protein such as interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and suppressor of cytokine signalling-3, respectively. In addition, TNF-alpha induces the expression of neurotransmitters involved in the control of feeding and thermogenesis. Thus, TNF-alpha may act directly in the hypothalamus inducing a pro-inflammatory response and the modulation of expression of neurotransmitters involved in energy homeostasis.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENGHAMBAT KINERJA PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KOTA BATAM

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Riko Riyanda

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Reforms will be able to meet the demands of the public, especially related to the improvement of the quality of public services, but it is still far from reality. Including services are provided by the Department of Population and Civil Registration Batam still not yet optimal. It is characterized by the many complaints from people who are not satisfied with the service that is given by the Department of Population and Civil Registration Batam.The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Type of research is descriptive.Methods of data collection is done by observation and documentation, informant selection technique is done by purposive sampling, data analysis performed by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion.The research found that investigators found the constraints of service in terms of Batam City Disdukcapil tangible, asurance and reability still not optimal. The cause is a factor of human resources and infrastructure, and systems that are not transparency. While the factors supporting online data base nationally integrated very helpful in order to avoid double data residence documents.Keywords: Public Service, Dimension Satisfaction Services AbstrakReformasi akan dapat memenuhi tuntutan masyarakat terutama berkaitan dengan perbaikan kualitas layanan publik, namun harapan itu dianggap masih jauh dari kenyataan. Termasuk pelayanan yang di berikan oleh Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kota Batam masih belumlah optimal. Hal ini ditandai dengan masih banyak keluhan dari masyarakat yang merasa tidak puas dengan pelayanan yang di berikan oleh Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kota Batam. Tujuan dalam penerlitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat dan penumjang proses pelayanan publik yang dilayani oleh Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kota Batam. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif.Metode pengambilan

Taraxacum officinale induces cytotoxicity through TNF-alpha and IL-1alpha secretion in Hep G2 cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Koo, Hyun-Na; Hong, Seung-Heon; Song, Bong-Keun; Kim, Cheorl-Ho; Yoo, Young-Hyun; Kim, Hyung-Min

2004-01-16

Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for women's disease (e.g. breast and uterus cancer) and disorders of the liver and gallbladder. Several earlier studies have indicated that TO exhibits anti-tumor properties, but its mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of TO on the cytotoxicity and production of cytokines in human hepatoma cell line, Hep G2. Our results show that TO decreased the cell viability by 26%, and significantly increased the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1alpha production compared with media control (about 1.6-fold for TNF-alpha, and 2.4-fold for IL-1alpha, P < 0.05). Also, TO strongly induced apoptosis of Hep G2 cells as determined by flow cytometry. Increased amounts of TNF-alpha and IL-1alpha contributed to TO-induced apoptosis. Anti-TNF-alpha and IL-1alpha antibodies almost abolished it. These results suggest that TO induces cytotoxicity through TNF-alpha and IL-1alpha secretion in Hep G2 cells.

Pengaruh Faktor Internal dan Eksternal Perusahaan Terhadap Audit Delay dan Timeliness

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Sistya Rachmawati

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of the firm size, the profitability, the solvability, the public accountant size and the existence of internal auditor division toward the Audit Delay and Timeliness on manufacture companies that listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange.The Research sample was taken from Fifty-nine listed companies in Jakarta Stock Exchange. These samples were selected by using Purposive sampling method. Analysis hypothesis is using Multiple Regression, before hypothesis test, normality data test using P-Plot test.The result of Multiple Regression model shows that Audit Delay influenced by firm size and public accountant size, and Timeliness influenced by firm size and solvability. This result is recommended for auditor to increase effectiveness and efficiency of his audit performance and for all existing studies to contribute towards the current literature on Auditing. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh faktor internal yaitu: profitabilitas, solva¬bili¬tas, internal auditor dan size perusahaan dan faktor eksternal, yaitu ukuran KAP terhadap audit delay dan Timeliness pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar pada Jakarta Stock Exchange. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Dari hasil pengolahan Regresi Berganda pada Audit Delay diketahui bahwa koefisien determi¬nasi Adjusted R2 = 0,123. Artinya seluruh variabel independen (Profitabilitas, Solvabilitas, Internal Auditor, Size Perusahaan, dan KAP hanya mampu menjelaskan variasi dari variabel depen¬den (Audit Delay adalah sebesar 12,3%. Sedang¬kan pada Timeliness, seluruh variabel independen (Profitabilitas, Solvabilitas, Internal Auditor, Size Perusahaan, dan KAP dapat men¬jelaskan variasi pada variabel dependennya (Timeliness adalah sebesar 7,9%. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat membantu profesi akuntan publik dalam upaya meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas proses audit dengan

Individualized monitoring of drug bioavailability and immunogenicity in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with the tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor infliximab

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendtzen, Klaus; Geborek, Pierre; Svenson, Morten

2006-01-01

Infliximab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNFalpha) antibody, is effective in the treatment of several immunoinflammatory diseases. However, many patients experience primary or secondary response failure, suggesting that individualization of treatment regimens may be beneficial...

Electroporation driven delivery of both an IL-12 expressing plasmid and cisplatin synergizes to inhibit B16 melanoma tumor growth through an NK cell mediated tumor killing mechanism.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Ha; Sin, Jeong-Im

2012-11-01

Combined therapy using chemotherapeutic drugs and immunotherapeutics offers some promise for treating patients with cancer. In this study, we evaluated whether cisplatin delivered by intratumoral (IT)-electroporation (EP) might enhance antitumor activity against established B16 melanoma and whether further addition of intramuscular (IM)-EP of IL-12 cDNA to IT-EP of cisplatin might augment antitumor therapeutic activity, with a focus on the underlining antitumor mechanism(s). When tumor (7 mm)-bearing animals were treated locally with cisplatin by IT-EP, they showed tumor growth inhibition significantly more than those without IT-EP. Moreover, IL-12 cDNA delivered by IM-EP was also able to inhibit tumor growth significantly more than control vector delivery. This tumor growth inhibition was mediated by NK cells, but not CD4+ T or CD8+ T cells, as determined by immune cell subset depletion and IFN-γ induction. Moreover, concurrent therapy using IT-EP of cisplatin plus IM-EP of IL-12 cDNA displayed antitumor therapeutic synergy. This therapeutic synergy appeared to be mediated by increased sensitivity of cisplatin-treated tumors to NK cell-mediated tumor killing. Taken together, these data support that cisplatin delivery by IT-EP plus IL-12 gene delivery by IM-EP are more effective at inducing antitumor therapeutic responses through increased sensitivity of cisplatin-treated tumors to NK cell-mediated tumor killing. This combined approach might have some implication for treating melanoma in patients.

Mycophenolate mofetil modulates adhesion receptors of the beta1 integrin family on tumor cells: impact on tumor recurrence and malignancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Engl, Tobias; Makarević, Jasmina; Relja, Borna; Natsheh, Iyad; Müller, Iris; Beecken, Wolf-Dietrich; Jonas, Dietger; Blaheta, Roman A

2005-01-01

Tumor development remains one of the major obstacles following organ transplantation. Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus directly contribute to enhanced malignancy, whereas the influence of the novel compound mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on tumor cell dissemination has not been explored. We therefore investigated the adhesion capacity of colon, pancreas, prostate and kidney carcinoma cell lines to endothelium, as well as their beta1 integrin expression profile before and after MMF treatment. Tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cell monolayers was evaluated in the presence of 0.1 and 1 μM MMF and compared to unstimulated controls. beta1 integrin analysis included alpha1beta1 (CD49a), alpha2beta1 (CD49b), alpha3beta1 (CD49c), alpha4beta1 (CD49d), alpha5beta1 (CD49e), and alpha6beta1 (CD49f) receptors, and was carried out by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Adhesion of the colon carcinoma cell line HT-29 was strongly reduced in the presence of 0.1 μM MMF. This effect was accompanied by down-regulation of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 surface expression and of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 coding mRNA. Adhesion of the prostate tumor cell line DU-145 was blocked dose-dependently by MMF. In contrast to MMF's effects on HT-29 cells, MMF dose-dependently up-regulated alpha1beta1, alpha2beta1, alpha3beta1, and alpha5beta1 on DU-145 tumor cell membranes. We conclude that MMF possesses distinct anti-tumoral properties, particularly in colon and prostate carcinoma cells. Adhesion blockage of HT-29 cells was due to the loss of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 surface expression, which might contribute to a reduced invasive behaviour of this tumor entity. The enhancement of integrin beta1 subtypes observed in DU-145 cells possibly causes re-differentiation towards a low-invasive phenotype

Phospholipase C-{delta}{sub 1} regulates interleukin-1{beta} and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} mRNA expression

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chung, Eric; Jakinovich, Paul; Bae, Aekyung [Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center L4 Rm 081, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 (United States); Rebecchi, Mario, E-mail: Mario.rebecchi@SBUmed.org [Department of Anesthesiology, Health Sciences Center L4 Rm 081, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 (United States)

2012-10-01

Phospholipase C-{delta}{sub 1} (PLC{delta}{sub 1}) is a widely expressed highly active PLC isoform, modulated by Ca{sup 2+} that appears to operate downstream from receptor signaling and has been linked to regulation of cytokine production. Here we investigated whether PLC{delta}{sub 1} modulated expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1{beta} (IL-1{beta}), tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in rat C6 glioma cells. Expression of PLC{delta}{sub 1} was specifically suppressed by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the effects on cytokine mRNA expression, stimulated by the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were examined. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results showed that PLC{delta}{sub 1} knockdown enhanced expression IL-1{beta} and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}) mRNA by at least 100 fold after 4 h of LPS stimulation compared to control siRNA treatment. PLC{delta}{sub 1} knock down caused persistently high Nf{kappa}b levels at 4 h of LPS stimulation compared to control siRNA-treated cells. PLC{delta}{sub 1} knockdown was also associated with elevated nuclear levels of c-Jun after 30 min of LPS stimulation, but did not affect LPS-stimulated p38 or p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation, normally associated with TLR activation of cytokine gene expression; rather, enhanced protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation of cellular proteins was observed in the absence of LPS stimulation. An inhibitor of PKC, bisindolylmaleimide II (BIM), reversed phosphorylation, prevented elevation of nuclear c-Jun levels, and inhibited LPS-induced increases of IL-1{beta} and TNF-{alpha} mRNA's induced by PLC{delta}{sub 1} knockdown. Our results show that loss of PLC{delta}{sub 1} enhances PKC/c-Jun signaling and up-modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine gene transcription in concert with the TLR-stimulated p38MAPK/Nf{kappa}b pathway. Our findings are consistent with the idea that PLC{delta}{sub 1} is a

Faktor - Faktor Keberhasilan Proses Virtualisasi Dalam Perspektif E-Commerce Di Indonesia

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Mohammad Rustam Sandegi

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Perkembangan dunia IT di Indonesia yang semakin pesat sehingga semakin menggantikan berbagai kegiatan yang dilakukan secara tradisional mulai perlahan berpindah ke arah virtual, termasuk salah satunya adalah di bidang perdagangan yang sekarang dikenal dengan e-commerce, perkembangan dan animo masyarakat dalam menggunakan e-commerce bisa dilihat dari mulai banyaknya perusahaan besar baik lokal maupun internasional berusaha masuk dan menguasai pasar online di Indonesia, kucuran dana yang tidak sedikit kerap kali diberitakan oleh media nasional untuk perusahaan-perusahaan e-commerce tanah air. Tentu dengan harapan dapat menguasai atau minimal bertahan di persaingan bisnis e-commerce di Indonesia, untuk itu harus memperhatikan beberapa faktor apa saja mengapa orang memiliki minat untuk melakukan transaksi online. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan model keberhasilan proses virtualisasi dilihat dari perspektif e-commerce dengan memperhatikan minat belanja online.

Utility of Normal Tissue-to-Tumor {alpha}/{beta} Ratio When Evaluating Isodoses of Isoeffective Radiation Therapy Treatment Plans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gay, Hiram A., E-mail: hgay@radonc.wustl.edu [Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (United States); Jin Jianyue [Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (United States); Chang, Albert J. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California (United States); Ten Haken, Randall K. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (United States)

2013-01-01

Purpose: To achieve a better understanding of the effect of the number of fractions on normal tissue sparing for equivalent tumor control in radiation therapy plans by using equivalent biologically effective dose (BED) isoeffect calculations. Methods and Materials: The simple linear quadratic (LQ) model was assumed to be valid up to 10 Gy per fraction. Using the model, we formulated a well-known mathematical equality for the tumor prescription dose and probed and solved a second mathematical problem for normal tissue isoeffect. That is, for a given arbitrary relative isodose distribution (treatment plan in percentages), 2 isoeffective tumor treatment regimens (N fractions of the dose D and n fractions of the dose d) were denoted, which resulted in the same BED (corresponding to 100% prescription isodose). Given these situations, the LQ model was further exploited to mathematically establish a unique relative isodose level, z (%), for the same arbitrary treatment plan, where the BED to normal tissues was also isoeffective for both fractionation regimens. Results: For the previously stated problem, the relative isodose level z (%), where the BEDs to the normal tissue were also equal, was defined by the normal tissue {alpha}/{beta} ratio divided by the tumor {alpha}/{beta} times 100%. Fewer fractions offers a therapeutic advantage for those portions of the normal tissue located outside the isodose surface, z, whereas more fractions offer a therapeutic advantage for those portions of the normal tissue within the isodose surface, z. Conclusions: Relative isodose-based treatment plan evaluations may be useful for comparing isoeffective tumor regimens in terms of normal tissue effects. Regions of tissues that would benefit from hypofractionation or standard fractionation can be identified.

Interleukin-4 inhibits both paracrine and autocrine tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced proliferation of B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Kooten, C.; Rensink, I.; Aarden, L.; van Oers, R.

1992-01-01

The proliferative response of purified malignant B cells from 26 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was investigated in vitro. In the majority of these patients, a proliferative response could be induced by the combination of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and PMA. The concentration

Angka Kejadian serta Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi GangguanTidur (InsomniaPada Lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werda Wana Seraya Denpasar Bali Tahun 2013

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Putu Arysta Dewi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Latar belakang: Angka   kejadian insomnia akan meningkat seiringbertambahnya usia. Dengan kata lain, gejala insomnia sering terjadi pada oranglanjut usia (lansia, bahkan hampir setengah dari jumlah lansia dilaporkanmengalami kesulitan memulai tidur dan mempertahankan tidurnya.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui angka  kejadian gangguan tidur  (insomnia padalansia serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi gangguan tidur (Insomniapadalansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werda Wana Seraya Denpasar.Materi dan metode: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitiandeskriftif cross-sectional non-eksperimental, dengan menggunakan sampelsebanyak 15 orang setelah di inklusi dan eksklusi. Melalui wawancara langsungdengan menggunakan sarana kuesioner, di lingkungan Panti Sosial Tresna WerdaWana Seraya Denpasar Bali.Hasil: Terdapat 6 orang lansia (40%yang menderita insomnia dengan beberapafaktor yang mempengaruhi seperti berdasarkan usia, usia 60-70 tahun terdapat 4orang (66,6%, usia 71-80 tahun, terdapat 2 orang lansia (22,2%. Berdasarkanjenis kelamin terdapat 1 orang lansia laki-laki (25%dan terdapat 5 orang lansiaperempuan (45,5%.Berdasarkan kebiasaan tidur yang buruk, hanya terdapat 1orang lansia (16.6%yang memiliki kebiasaan atau pola tidur yang buruk.Berdasarkan penyakit yang mendasari terdapat 4 orang lansia (66,6%.Berdasarkan adanya penyakit gangguan jiwa seperti depresi mayor atau punkecemasan hanya  terdapat 3 orang atau hanya sekitar 50% yang mengalamidepresi maupun kecemasan.Simpulan : Berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya insomnia pada lansia,seperti usia, jenis kelamin, Kebiasaan tidur / pola tidur, penyakit lainnya yangmendasari, serta gangguan jiwa yang menyertai. Insomnia pada panti werdha inicenderung terjadi pada usia yang lebih muda dan jenis kelamin perempuan.

The repeatability of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and C-reactive protein in COPD patients over one year

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kolsum, Umme; Roy, Kay; Starkey, Cerys

2009-01-01

BACKGROUND: Many of the systemic manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are mediated through increased systemic levels of inflammatory proteins. We assessed the long term repeatability of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and C-reactive protein......(i)) and the Bland-Altman method. Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationships between the systemic markers at both visits. RESULTS: There was moderate repeatability with a very high degree of statistical significance (p...... (CRP) over one year and examined the relationships between these systemic markers in COPD. METHODS: Fifty-eight stable COPD patients completed a baseline and one-year visit. Serum IL-6, plasma CRP, and plasma TNF-alpha were measured. Repeatability was expressed by intraclass correlation coefficient (R...

The repeatability of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and C-reactive protein in COPD patients over one year

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kolsum, Umme; Roy, Kay; Starkey, Cerys

2009-01-01

BACKGROUND: Many of the systemic manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are mediated through increased systemic levels of inflammatory proteins. We assessed the long term repeatability of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and C-reactive protein......(i)) and the Bland-Altman method. Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationships between the systemic markers at both visits. RESULTS: There was moderate repeatability with a very high degree of statistical significance (p...... (CRP) over one year and examined the relationships between these systemic markers in COPD. METHODS: Fifty-eight stable COPD patients completed a baseline and one-year visit. Serum IL-6, plasma CRP, and plasma TNF-alpha were measured. Repeatability was expressed by intraclass correlation coefficient (R...

Faktor Ibu yang Mempengaruhi Partus Abnormal di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau

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Nurlisis Nurlisis

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Partus Abnormal menunjukkan adanya faktor penyulit atau komplikasi persalinan. Data di RSUD Arifin Achmad jumlah persalinan 2981 kasus, dimana jumlah persalinan dengan vakum ekstrasi sebanyak 96 kasus (9,17%, SC sebanyak 407 kasus (8,8% dan letak sungsang 82 kasus (12,97%, kasus partus abnormal menepati urutan terbanyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk diketahuinya hubungan faktor-faktor dari Kondisi kehamilan, Jarak kelahiran sebelumnya, Kadar Hb, Kondisi Ketuban, Tekanan Darah, Tempat tinggal, Cara Datang ke RS, Umur, Paritas , Pekerjaan dan Pendidikan dengan partus Abnormal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional. Jenis desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus kontrol (Case Control. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang melahirkan di RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru. Besarnya sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan memperhatikan Odds Ratio (OR hasil beberapa penelitian terdahulu tentang beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi persalinan abnormal. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan metode regresi logistic dengan program komputerisasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, Kondisi Kehamilan (OR : 2,77 ; 95% Cl : 1,66 – 4,60, Kadar Hb (OR : 9,59 ; 95% Cl : 4,26 – 21,59, Tekanan Darah (95% Cl : 0,09 – 0,31, Tempat Tinggal ( 95% Cl : 3,1711,18, Cara Datang ke RS (95% Cl : 1,78 – 4,6, Umur (95% Cl : 1,2 – 3,32, Pekerjaan (95% Cl : 1,88 – 4,78, Pendidikan (95% Cl : 1,07 – 2,68. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa variabel dominan yang berhubungan dengan partus abnormal adalah Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb dan tidak ada data yang coufonding. Saran bagi perempuan yang sudah tidak menginginkan hamil lagi, disarankan untuk menggunakan alat kontrasepsi yang efektifitasnya tinggi (alat kontrasepsi mantap.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Usia Menarche Siswi SMP Adabiah

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Fitrah Umi Mutasya

2016-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakMenarche (menars adalah haid pertama dari uterus yang merupakan awal dari fungsi menstruasi dan tanda telah terjadinya pubertas pada remaja putri. Pada dekade terakhir menunjukkan kecenderungan pergeseran usia menars ke arah umur yang lebih muda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan usia menars. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dalam bentuk rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi SMP Adabiah kelas VII dan VIII tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 72 siswi yang diambil secara Simple Random Sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan angket dan pengukuran tinggi dan berat badan responden. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara komputerisasi dan analisis dengan uji chi-square pada α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa usia menars rata-rata siswi SMP Adabiah adalah 12,29 ± 0,49 tahun. Uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pendapatan per kapita dan status gizi dengan usia menars sedangkan tingkan pendidikan orang tua dan paparan media massa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna dengan usia menars.Kata kunci: usia menars, pendapatan per kapita, status gizi AbstractMenarche is the first menstruation or bleeding of the uterus that is the beginning of the menstrual function and mark the occurrence of puberty in young girls. In the past decade shows a shift in the age of menarche trend toward younger age. The objective of this study was to determine the associated factors to age of menarche. This type of research is observational analytic with cross sectional study design. The population in this study were all junior high school students of class VII and VIII academic year 2012/2013. The total sample of 72 student were taken by simple random sampling. Data were collected by questionnaire and measurement of height and weight. Data was analyzed  by chi-square test at α = 0,005. The result showed that the

Tumor necrosis factor alpha is associated with insulin-mediated suppression of free fatty acids and net lipid oxidation in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Haugaard, SB; Andersen, O; Pedersen, Steen Bønløkke

2006-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulates lipolysis in man. We examined whether plasma TNF-alpha is associated with the degree by which insulin suppresses markers of lipolysis, for example, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and net lipid oxidation (LIPOX) rate in HIV-infected patients...... with lipodystrophy (LIPO) and those without (controls). LIPOX was estimated by indirect calorimetry during fasting and steady state of a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp in 36 (18 LIPO and 18 controls) normoglycemic HIV-infected men on highly active antiretroviral therapy. In LIPO, TNF-alpha correlated with clamp...... were significant in controls. In all patients, TNF-alpha correlated with clamp FFA (r = 0.61, P

Effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha and anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 antibodies on ischemia/reperfusion lung injury.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiang, Chi-Huei

2006-10-31

Inhibition of neutrophil activation and adherence to endothelium by antibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1), respectively, might attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R). I/R was conducted in an isolated rat lung model. Anti-TNF-alpha antibody and/or anti-ICAM-1 antibody were added before ischemia or after reperfusion. Hemodynamic changes, lung weight gain (LWG), capillary filtration coefficients (Kfc), and pathologic changes were assessed to evaluate the severity of I/R. The LWG, Kfc, pathological changes and lung injury score of treatment groups with anti-TNF-alpha antibody treatment, either pre-ischemia or during reperfusion, were less than those observed in control groups. Similar findings were found in group treated with anti-ICAM-1 antibody or combination therapy during reperfusion. In contrast, pre-I/R treatment with anti-ICAM-1 antibody induced severe lung edema and failure to complete the experimental procedure. No additional therapeutic effect was found in combination therapy. We conclude that TNF-alpha and ICAM-1 play important roles in I/R. Anti-TNF-alpha antibody has therapeutic and preventive effects on I/R. However, combined therapy with anti-TNF-alpha antibody and anti-ICAM-1 antibody may have no additive effect and need further investigation.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI RISIKO KREDIT MODAL KERJA BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA

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Novita Saragih

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Penyaluran kredit BPD masih didominasi kredit konsumsi dibandingkan kredit modal  kerja. Risiko kredit modal kerja BPD yang dikur dalam Non Performing Loan mengalami peningkatan selama penerapan BRC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respon NPL kredit modal kerja BPD akibat perubahan faktor internal bank dan besarnya kontribusi faktor tersebut terhadap perubahan NPL. Data yang digunakan adalah time series berdasarkan bulanan tahun 2011-2014 yang   diperoleh   dari   Bank   Indonesia.   Metode   analisis   yang   digunakan   adalah       Vector Autoregression dengan analisis Impulse Response Function dan Variance Decomposition. Hasil impulse response function menunjukan NPL merespon positif terhadap perubahan LDR dan bank size tetapi merespon negatif terhadap perubahan tingkat bunga kredit modal kerja. Hasil Variance decomposition menunjukan bahwa variabel yang paling berkontribusi pada perubahan NPL  adalah bank size.  BPD loan portofolio is still dominated by consumer loans than working capital loans. BPD working capital loans risk which measured by non performing loans is increased during implementation of the BRC. This study aimed to analyze the NPL response of BPD working capital loans due to changes of bank internal factors and the amount of factors contributing to NPL change. The data used is based on monthly time series in 2011 to 2014 that obtained from Bank of Indonesia. The analytical method used is Vector Autoregression with Impulse Response Function and Variance Decomposition analysis. The results of impulse response function indicate that NPL respond positively to LDR and bank size change but respond negatively to interest rates change. Variance decomposition results showed that the variables that most contribute to the change of NPL of BPD working capital loans is bank size.

A case of alpha-fetoprotein-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yi-Yu; Hsu, Wen-Hung; Hu, Huang-Ming; Wu, Deng-Chyang; Lin, Wen-Yi

2013-02-01

Alpha-fetoprotein is a well-known tumor marker in the screening and follow-up of hepatocellular carcinoma. In Taiwanese society, a high prevalence of hepatitis and hepatoma and elevation of alpha-fetoprotein associated with liver function impairment usually suggested clinics undertake further examination for liver or genital tumor. We report the case of 45-year-old man who was found to have an alpha-fetoprotein-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma with an initial presentation of liver function impairment and rapid elevation of alpha-fetoprotein. Esophageal cancer was diagnosed via endoscope and a biopsy proved the presence of adenocarcinoma. A small endoscopic biopsy specimen failed to identify the alpha-fetoprotein positive tumor cell. Esophagectomy was performed and histopathological study of surgical specimen revealed grade II adenocarcinoma with regional metastatic lymphadenopathy. Immunohistochemical study was focal positive for alpha-fetoprotein. Serum alpha-fetoprotein declined transiently after esophagectomy and fluctuation of alpha-fetoprotein level was noted during the treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy. Finally, 19 months after the operation, the patient died due to multiple organ metastases with multiple organ failure. Thus, a small specimen for upper endoscopy may not be sufficient in the presence of alpha-fetoprotein-producing adenocarcinoma. Monitoring of serum alpha-fetoprotein may be useful in the evaluation and follow-up of esophageal alpha-fetoprotein-producing adenocarcinoma. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.

An allelic polymorphism within the human tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter region is strongly associated with HLA A1, B8, and DR3 alleles

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wilson, A. G.; de Vries, N. [=Niek; Pociot, F.; di Giovine, F. S.; van der Putte, L. B.; Duff, G. W.

1993-01-01

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha gene lies within the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), telomeric to the class II and centromeric to the class I region. We have recently described the first polymorphism within the human TNF-alpha locus. This is biallelic and lies

Recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibits growth of methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma and enhances natural killer activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in aging rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ziolkowska, Maria; Nowak Joanna, J.; Janiak, Marek; Ryzewska, Alicja

1994-01-01

The effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factors alpha (rHuTNF-α) on the growth of immunogenic, methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma (MC-Sa) and natural killer (NK) cell activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in adult and aging rats was investigated. In both groups of animals the growth of transplantable MC-Sa was markedly and similarly inhibited by multiple intratumoral (i.t.) injections of rHuTF-α. This effect was accompanied by stimulation of NK activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in adult as well as in aging rats. Studies ''in vitro'' demonstrated additionally that rHuTNF-α was a potent stimulator of NK but not of ADCC (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) activity of spleen lymphocytes from healthy animals. Our results indicate that the antitumor effect of TNF-α is comparable in adult and in aging rats bearing immunogenic MC-Sa. The inhibition of MC-Sa growth may be attributed not only to the TNF-α-induced necrosis of the neoplastic tissue but also to the ''in vivo'' stimulatory effect of this cytokine upon the NK-type function of lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor mass. (author). 31 refs, 5 figs, 2 tabs

Stages of Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors

Science.gov (United States)

... tumors: Yolk sac tumors make a hormone called alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). They can form in the ovary, testicle, ... are used to detect extracranial germ cell tumors: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). For ...

Plasma endothelin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations in pregnant and cyclic rats after low-dose endotoxin infusion

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Faas, MM; Bakker, WW; Valkhof, N; Baller, JFW; Schuiling, GA

Plasma endothelin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were determined in pregnant and cyclic rats after infusion of either endotoxin (1.0 mu g/kg of body weight) or saline solution. After endotoxin, but not after saline solution, administration there was a transient endothelin-1 response in pregnant

Faktore wat lamvrektes by die Elsenburg Dormer- en SA ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Faktore wat lamvrektes by die Elsenburg Dormer- en SA Vleismerinokuddes beïnvloed. AA Brand, SWP Cloete, TT de Villiers. Abstract. No Abstract. Full Text: EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT · AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL.

Molecular cloning of rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its effect on the respiratory burst activity of phagocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Min Sun; Hwang, Yoon Jung; Yoon, Ki Joon; Zenke, Kosuke; Nam, Yoon Kwon; Kim, Sung Koo; Kim, Ki Hong

2009-11-01

Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rbTNF-alpha) gene was cloned, recombinantly produced, and the effect of the recombinant rbTNF-alpha on the respiratory burst activity of rock bream phagocytes was analyzed. Structurally, genomic DNA of rbTNF-alpha was comprised with four exons and three introns, and deduced amino acid sequence of its cDNA possessed the TNF family signature, a transmembrane domain, a protease cleavage site, and two cysteine residues, which are the typical characteristics of TNF-alpha gene in mammals and fish. The chemiluminescent (CL) response of rock bream phagocytes was significantly enhanced by pre-incubation with recombinant rbTNF-alpha, when opsonized zymosan was used as a stimulant of the respiratory burst. However, CL enhancing effect of the recombinant rbTNF-alpha was very weak when the respiratory burst activity of phagocytes was triggered with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) instead of zymosan. These results suggest that rock bream TNF-alpha might have an ability to prime the respiratory burst activity of phagocytes against receptor-mediated phagocytosis inducing stimulants, such as zymosan, but have little ability against stimulants not accompanying receptor-mediated phagocytosis.

Mycophenolate mofetil modulates adhesion receptors of the beta1 integrin family on tumor cells: impact on tumor recurrence and malignancy

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Beecken Wolf-Dietrich

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Tumor development remains one of the major obstacles following organ transplantation. Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus directly contribute to enhanced malignancy, whereas the influence of the novel compound mycophenolate mofetil (MMF on tumor cell dissemination has not been explored. We therefore investigated the adhesion capacity of colon, pancreas, prostate and kidney carcinoma cell lines to endothelium, as well as their beta1 integrin expression profile before and after MMF treatment. Methods Tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cell monolayers was evaluated in the presence of 0.1 and 1 μM MMF and compared to unstimulated controls. beta1 integrin analysis included alpha1beta1 (CD49a, alpha2beta1 (CD49b, alpha3beta1 (CD49c, alpha4beta1 (CD49d, alpha5beta1 (CD49e, and alpha6beta1 (CD49f receptors, and was carried out by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results Adhesion of the colon carcinoma cell line HT-29 was strongly reduced in the presence of 0.1 μM MMF. This effect was accompanied by down-regulation of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 surface expression and of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 coding mRNA. Adhesion of the prostate tumor cell line DU-145 was blocked dose-dependently by MMF. In contrast to MMF's effects on HT-29 cells, MMF dose-dependently up-regulated alpha1beta1, alpha2beta1, alpha3beta1, and alpha5beta1 on DU-145 tumor cell membranes. Conclusion We conclude that MMF possesses distinct anti-tumoral properties, particularly in colon and prostate carcinoma cells. Adhesion blockage of HT-29 cells was due to the loss of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 surface expression, which might contribute to a reduced invasive behaviour of this tumor entity. The enhancement of integrin beta1 subtypes observed in DU-145 cells possibly causes re-differentiation towards a low-invasive phenotype.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSUMEN DALAM PEMAKAIAN PRODUK LAYANAN SELULER DENGAN MEMPERTIMBANGKAN ASPEK 7P’S OF MARKETING (STUDI KASUS : PT. TELKOM AREA BLORA

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Nia Budi Puspitasari

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Perkembangan dunia telekomunikasi yang semakin pesat dan ketatnya persaingan antar provider telepon seluler, membuat para produsen tidak gegabah dalam menentukan dan mengembangkan jenis produknya. Setelah kemunculan telepon seluler dengan teknologi AMPS (Advance Mobile Phone Systems dan GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communication, kemudian berkembang teknologi CDMA (Code Devision Multiple Acess. PT.Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Kancatel Blora sebagai penyedia layanan Telkom Flexi untuk wilayah Kabupaten Blora, menghadapi beberapa hal penting dalam memperkenalkan produknya. Nilai penjualan diharapkan untuk lebih berkembang lagi, namun harus menghadapi tantangan dari pesaing dengan produk baru yang inovatif. Untuk itu, TelkomFlexi mengambil tindakan dengan memberikan produk yang berkualitas, layanan yang baik dan fasilitas yang memadai bagi para penggunanya, akan tetapi pada kenyataannya hingga sekarang ini jumlah pengguna Flexi wilayah Blora masih rendah jika dibanding dengan wilayah lain. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menganalisa faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi preferensi konsumen diwilayah Blora dalam menggunakan suatu produk mobile communication. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis faktor untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi preferensi konsumen dalam menggunakan suatu produk mobile communication. Analisis faktor yaitu suatu metode reduksi data untuk menemukan variabel baru yang disebut faktor yang jumlahnya lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan jumlah aslinya, yang tidak berkorelasi satu sama lainnya, variabel baru tersebut memuat sebanyak mungkin informasi yang terkandung di dalam variabel asli. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 9 faktor yang mempengaruhi preferensi konsumen dalam menggunakan suatu produk mobile communication, yaitu : faktor bukti fisik, faktor fitur tambahan produk, faktor proses, faktor harga, faktor karyawan, faktor kinerja inti produk, faktor promosi, faktor tampilan nyata produk, faktor

Intermitted pharmacologic pretreatment by xenon, isoflurane, nitrous oxide, and the opioid morphine prevents tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced adhesion molecule expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Weber, Nina C.; Kandler, Jennis; Schlack, Wolfgang; Grueber, Yvonne; Frädorf, Jan; Preckel, Benedikt

2008-01-01

BACKGROUND: The barrier properties of the endothelium are of critical importance during pathophysiologic processes. These barrier properties depend on an intact cytoskeleton and are regulated by cell adhesion molecules. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is known to induce cell adhesion

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NARCIS (Netherlands)

Norp, A.H.J.; Pals, H.; Walraven, F.A.

2007-01-01

IMS is gaining momentum in the market. First operators are deploying IMS, while other operators are considering buying IMS. Operators have two approaches for introducing IMS and building an IMS eco-system: • Buying IMS from a large vendor or system integrator. Vendors like Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson

Effects of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on macrophage enzyme levels

Science.gov (United States)

Pierangeli, Silvia S.; Sonnenfeld, Gerald

1989-01-01

Murine peritoneal macrophages were treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). Measurements of changes in acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase levels were made as an indication of activation by cytokine treatment. IFN-gamma or TNF-gamma treatment resulted in a significant increase in the activities of both enzymes measured in the cell lysates. This increase was observable after 6 h of incubation, but reached its maximum level after 24 h of incubation. The effect of the treatment of the cell with both cytokines together was additive. No synergistic effect of addition of both cytokines on the enzyme levels was observed.

Penelitian Awal: Faktor Risiko pada Sepsis Neonatorum Awitan Dini

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Rosalina D Roeslani

2016-11-01

Kesimpulan.Pada neonatus yang lahir di RSCM Jakarta apabila terdapat faktor risiko prematur (usia gestasi <37 minggu, dan atau nilai APGAR rendah maka harus dilakukan skrining sepsis, pemantauan ketat terhadap timbulnya SNAD, bila melakukan tindakan intervensif maka harus dengan tindakan septik-antiseptik yang ideal,serta pemberian antibiotik empiris dapat dipertimbangkan.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulates human in vivo lipolysis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Plomgaard, Peter; Fischer, Christian P; Ibfelt, Tobias

2008-01-01

CONTEXT: Low-grade systemic inflammation is a feature of most lifestyle-related chronic diseases. Enhanced TNF-alpha concentrations have been implicated in the development of hyperlipidemia. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that an acute elevation of TNF-alpha in plasma would cause an increase...... in lipolysis, increasing circulatory free fatty acid (FFA) levels. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using a randomized controlled, crossover design, healthy young male individuals (n = 10) received recombinant human (rh) TNF-alpha (700 ng/m(-2).h(-1)) for 4 h, and energy metabolism was evaluated using a combination...... of tracer dilution methodology and arterial-venous differences over the leg. RESULTS: Plasma TNF-alpha levels increased from 0.7 +/- 0.04 to 16.7 +/- 1.8 pg/ml, and plasma IL-6 increased from 1.0 +/- 0.2 to 9.2 +/- 1.0 pg/ml (P alpha infusion. Here, we demonstrate that 4-h rhTNF-alpha...

Inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha diminishes desmoplasia and inflammation to overcome chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Xianda; Fan, Wei; Xu, Zhigao; Chen, Honglei; He, Yuyu; Yang, Gui; Yang, Gang; Hu, Hanning; Tang, Shihui; Wang, Ping; Zhang, Zheng; Xu, Peipei; Yu, Mingxia

2016-12-06

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most common cancer death reasons. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antibodies have shown promising effects in PDAC pre-clinical models. However, the prognostic values of TNF-α, underlying mechanisms by which anti-TNF-α treatments inhibit PDAC, and potential synergistic effects of anti-TNF-α treatments with chemotherapy are still unclear. To identify the targeting values of TNF-α in PDAC, we measured TNF-α expression in different stages of PDAC initiation and evaluated its prognostic significance in a pancreatic cancer cohort. We found that TNF-α expression elevated in PDAC initiation process, and high expression of TNF-α was an independent prognostic marker of poor survival. We further evaluated anti-tumor effects of anti-TNF-α treatments in PDAC. Anti-TNF-α treatments resulted in decreased cell viability in both PDAC tumor cells and pancreatic satellite cells in similar dose in vitro. In vivo, anti-TNF-α treatments showed effects in reducing desmoplasia and the tumor promoting inflammatory microenvironment in PDAC. Combination of anti-TNF-α treatments with chemotherapy partly overcame chemoresistance of PDAC tumor cells and prolonged the survival of PDAC mouse model. In conclusion, our findings indicated that TNF-α in PDAC can be a prognostic and therapeutic target. Inhibition of TNF-α synergized with chemotherapy in PDAC resulted in better pre-clinical responses via killing tumor cells as well as diminishing desmoplasia and inflammation in PDAC tumor stroma.

Evaluation of pGL1-TNF-alpha therapy in combination with radiation

Science.gov (United States)

Li, J.; Andres, M. L.; Fodor, I.; Nelson, G. A.; Gridley, D. S.

1998-01-01

Long-term control of high-grade brain tumors is rarely achieved with current therapeutic regimens. In this study a new plasmid-based human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression vector was synthesized (pGL1-TNF-alpha) and evaluated together with radiation in the aggressive, rapidly growing C6 rat glioma model. pGL1-TNF-alpha was successfully transfected into C6 cells in vitro using a cationic polyamine method. Expression was detected up to 7 days and averaged 0.4 ng of TNF-alpha in the culture medium from 1x10(5) cells. The expressed protein was biologically functional, as evidenced by growth inhibition of L929, a TNF-alpha-susceptible cell line. Using fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibodies and laser scanning cytometry, we confirmed that both the P55 and P75 receptors for TNF-alpha were present on the C6 cell membrane. However, the receptors were present at low density and P55 was expressed more than the P75 receptor. These findings were in contrast to results obtained with TNF-alpha-susceptible L929 cells. Tests in athymic mice showed that pGL1-TNF-alpha administered intratumorally 16-18 h before radiation (each modality given three times) significantly inhibited C6 tumor progression (Palpha alone did not slow tumor growth and radiation alone had little effect on tumor growth. These results indicate that pGL1-TNF-alpha has potential to augment the antitumor effects of radiation against a tumor type that is virtually incurable.

Cytokines interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulate different transcriptional and alternative splicing networks in primary beta-cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ortis, Fernanda; Naamane, Najib; Flamez, Daisy

2010-01-01

by the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta + interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha + IFN-gamma in primary rat beta-cells. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Fluorescence-activated cell sorter-purified rat beta-cells were exposed to IL-1beta + IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma for 6 or 24 h......-cells, with temporal differences in the number of genes modulated by IL-1beta + IFNgamma or TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma. These cytokine combinations induced differential expression of inflammatory response genes, which is related to differential induction of IFN regulatory factor-7. Both treatments decreased the expression...... of genes involved in the maintenance of beta-cell phenotype and growth/regeneration. Cytokines induced hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha, which in this context has a proapoptotic role. Cytokines also modified the expression of >20 genes involved in RNA splicing, and exon array analysis showed cytokine...

The major surface glycoprotein of Pneumocystis carinii induces release and gene expression of interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in monocytes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Benfield, T L; Lundgren, Bettina; Levine, S J

1997-01-01

Recent studies suggest that interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may play a central role in host defense and pathogenesis during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. In order to investigate whether the major surface antigen (MSG) of human P. carinii is capable of eliciting...... the release of IL-8 and TNF-alpha, human monocytes were cultured in the presence of purified MSG. MSG-stimulated cells released significant amounts of IL-8 within 4 h, and at 20 h, cells stimulated with MSG released 45.5 +/- 9.3 ng of IL-8/ml versus 3.7 +/- 1.1 ng/ml for control cultures (P = 0.......01). In a similar fashion, MSG elicited release of TNF-alpha. Initial increases were also seen at 4 h, and at 20 h, TNF-alpha levels reached 6.4 +/- 1.1 ng/ml, compared to 0.08 +/- 0.01 ng/ml for control cultures (P alpha secretion was observed at 20 h...

IMS Application Developer's Handbook Creating and Deploying Innovative IMS Applications

CERN Document Server

Noldus, Rogier; Mulligan, Catherine; Fikouras, Ioannis; Ryde, Anders; Stille, Mats

2011-01-01

IMS Application Developer Handbook will give a hands-on view of exactly what needs to be done by IMS application developers to write an application and take it "live" on an operator's network. It will offer practical guidance on building innovative applications using the features and capabilities of the IMS network, show how the rapidly changing development environment is impacting on the business models employed in the industry and how existing network solutions can be moved towards IMS. The book will also elaborate on how IMS applies basic VoIP principles and techniques to realise a true mul

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN MIGRASI COMMUTER DI KABUPATEN DEMAK

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Ahmad Shidiq

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Fenomena migrasi sangat mewarnai di beberapa negara berkembang, termasuk di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Di Indonesia terutama banyak tenaga kerja yang berasal dari daerah pedesaan mengalir ke daerah perkotaan, Salah satunya dari Kabupaten Demak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan migrasi commuter di Kecamatan Karangtengah Kabupaten Demak antara lain adalah pendapatan pendidikan, pekerjaan daerah asal, jumlah tanggungan serta status perkawinan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer melalui instrumen kuesioner terhadap sampel yaitu sebanyak 89 responden, dan menggunakan data sekunder yaitu data dari instansi-instansi terkait serta literatur buku. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Karangtengah Kabupaten Demak. Analisi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah binary logistic regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan migrasi commuter, pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan migrasi commuter, pekerjaan di daerah asal berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan migrasi commuter, jumlah tanggungan daerah asal berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan migrasi commuter, status perkawinan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan migrasi commuter. The phenomenon of migration is very coloring in some developing countries , including in the various regions in Indonesia . In Indonesia especially many workers coming from rural regions flowed into the urban area, One of Demak District. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the decision of commuter migration in Sub Karangtengah Demak district include the earnings of education, employment areas of origin, number of dependents and marital status. In this research, using primary data through a questionnaire on the sample of 89 respondents, and using secondary data is data from relevant

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENDORONG PERPINDAHAN AUDITOR (AUDITOR SWITCH PADA PERUSAHAAN-PERUSAHAAN DI SURABAYA DAN SIDOARJO

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Juniarti Juniarti

2002-01-01

Full Text Available This research intends to predict factors that drive client to switch their existing auditor based on prior research undertaken by Chow and Rice (1982. The main independent variable used in this research is qualified audit opinion. In addition, this study also include merger, management changes and expansion as the control variables. The analysis unit for the four independent variables are some companies in East Java especially Surabaya and Sidoarjo area which have been audited by Audit Firm. The data collection is conducted by using mail survey. The multivariate techniques, i.e binary logistic is used to test the hypothesis. Overall, the finding showed that there is no significant evidence that qualified audit opinion and the other three control variables as the predicted variable for auditor switch by some companies in Surabaya and Sidoarjo. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi faktor-faktor yang mendorong klien untuk mengganti auditor yang ada, berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Chow dan Rice (1982. Variabel utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah qualified audit opinion. Disamping itu penelitian ini juga menggunakan variabel kontrol yang terdiri dari merger, management changes dan expansion. Unit analisis yang diteliti adalah perusahaan-perusahaan yang berada di wilayah Surabaya dan Sidoarjo yang pernah diaudit oleh Kantor Akuntan Publik. Data diperoleh dengan cara mengirimkan kuesioner kepada responden yang dituju. Secara keseluruhan, temuan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat bukti yang signifikan bahwa qualified audit opinion dan ketiga variabel kontrol yang lain merupakan variabel yang memprediksi perpindahan auditor yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan di wilayah Surabaya dan Sidoarjo. Kata kunci: audit, pergantian auditor, qualified audit opinion.

Kualitas Hidup Anak Epilepsi dan Faktor–Faktor yang Mempengaruhi di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI/RSCM Jakarta

OpenAIRE

Winny N Wishwadewa; Irawan Mangunatmadja; Mardjanis Said; Agus Firmansyah; Soedjatmiko, Soedjatmiko,; Bambang Tridjaja

2016-01-01

Latar belakang. Epilepsi merupakan penyakit kronik yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup anak di masa depan. Saat ini penelitian untuk menilai kualitas hidup anak epilepsi masih terbatas. Tujuan. Melakukan penilaian faktor-faktor klinis, demografi, psikososial dan obat anti epilepsi (OAE) yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup anak epilepsi dengan menggunakan instrumen Quality of life in childhood epilepsy questionnaire-parent form (QOLCE). Metode. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Poliklinik Neuro...

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Karyawan: Model Pengujian dengan Variabel Mediasi

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Kusjainah Kusjainah

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract This study discusses faktors influencing employees performance. The independent variabels Motivation and Leadership Styles, while the independence variabel is employees performance.The job satisfaction variabels considered as a variabel mediating the realtion between dependent and independent variabel. Motivation is predicted influencing employees performance directly or indirectly through the variabel job satisfaction. Motivation and leadership style predicted to have a direct effect and an indirect effect through job satisfaction on employee performance. The research subject is the employees who work in profit-oriented organizations around Yogyakarta. Research data are collected through distributing questionnaires toresearch subject. Mediating regression analysis is applied with stepwise regression methods. The result show that motivation and leadership style influence significantly the employee performance. Job Satisfaction Variabels not proved to mediate the relationship Motivation and Leadership Style to Performance. Thus, motivation dan leadership style directly influence the employees performance.

Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors Treatment

Science.gov (United States)

... make hormones. Yolk sac tumors make the hormone alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Mixed germ cell tumors are made of ... used to diagnose some CNS germ cell tumors: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). Blood ...

Treatment Options for Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors

Science.gov (United States)

... tumors: Yolk sac tumors make a hormone called alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). They can form in the ovary, testicle, ... are used to detect extracranial germ cell tumors: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). For ...

General Information about Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors

Science.gov (United States)

... tumors: Yolk sac tumors make a hormone called alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). They can form in the ovary, testicle, ... are used to detect extracranial germ cell tumors: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). For ...

KONSEP, IMPLEMENTASI, DAN FAKTOR PENENTU KEBERHASILAN PROGRAM KONSOLIDASI USAHATANI

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Sri Wahyuni

2015-03-01

mengemukakan: 1 konsep konsolidasi usaha tani; 2 menganalisis implementasi program berbasis konsolidasi usaha tani dan 3 Menganalisis faktor-faktor berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan program. Metode yang digunakan adalah melakukan penelusuran referensi  terhadap: 1 Konsep konsolidasi agar diperoleh konsep yang relevan untuk menganalisis program konsolidasi usaha tani serta dinamika yang ada. 2 Program-program pemerintah  yang berbasis konsolidasi untuk dicermati dan dianalisis implementasinya. 3 Menganalisis program yang telah diimplementasi untuk dikaji kemudian diintisarikan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan program. Hasil penelusuran dan analisa yang dilakukan terhadap 40 pustaka disimpulkan bahwa konsolidasi lahan adalah program penggabungan individu yang terlibat dalam usaha tani dalam memfokuskan aset dan manajemen yang dimiliki ke dalam kelompok yang lebih besar untuk mencapai margin dan kesejahteraan lebih tinggi.  Fokus aset manajemen ditujukan dalam delapan hal, yaitu 1 lahan sebagai basis konsolidasi; 2 komoditas; 3 menegemen on-farm/hulu; 4 manajemen off-farm/hilir; 5 manajemen vertikal; 6 manajemen horizontal;7 manajemen lingkungan dan 8 manajemen terpusat.  Faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan program adalah aspek manajemen yang mencapai enam dari delapan aspek yang menunjukkan pentingnya manajemen atau tatalaksana dalam program konsolidasi.  Implikasinya, program konsolidasi memerlukan tindakan nyata dalam pelaksanaan atau operasional menyangkut kejelasan apa yang dilakukan dan siapa mengerjakan apa untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah disepakati yang harus dilengkapi dengan pedoman umum, petunjuk pelaksanaan dan petunjuk teknis. Kata kunci:  konsep, konsolidasi, usaha tani, kesejahteraan petani

Faktor-Faktor Internal Penghambat Keefektifan Pelaksanaan Supervisi Bimbingan dan Konseling

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Muhammad Khoiru Reza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu disertai data hasil wawancara yang menunjukkan supervisi bimbingan dan konseling di SMA belum efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Memperoleh informasi secara objektif, mendalam, dan menyeluruh mengenai pengelolaan dan faktor internal penghambat keefektifan pelaksanaan supervisi bimbingan dan konseling di SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang tahun 2014/2015.  Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif deskriptif, dengan lokasi penelitian adalah SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang. Subjek penelitian dan informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengawas, guru bimbingan dan konseling, kepala sekolah SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang, serta koordinator pengawas Kota Semarang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model interaktif oleh Miles dan Huberman. Pengujian kebasahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukkan pengelolaan supervisi bimbingan dan konseling di SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang pada bagian perencanaan, sekolah tidak terlibat sebagai sumber data penyusunan program, pada bagian pelaksanaan supervisi bersifat insidental, dan bagian evaluasi dan tindak lanjut belum terlaksana. Faktor internal penghambat pelaksanaan supervisi bimbingan dan konseling di SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang adalah motivasi dan komitmen yang relatif rendah. This study is based on the previous study and interview result that shows ineffectiveness of guidance and counseling sepervision in high school. The purpose of this study is to collect information objectively, profoundly, and thoroughly about the management of guidance and counseling supervision at SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang and the internal factors that obstruct it. This study belongs to descriptive qualitative study that took place in SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang. The subject and informants of this study were the supervisor, the guidance and

Postoperative diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint; Postoperative Kiefergelenkdiagnostik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robinson, S. [Universitaetsklinik fuer Radiodiagnostik, Vienna (Austria). Abt. fuer Osteologie; Undt, G. [Universitaetsklinik fuer Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Vienna (Austria)

2001-09-01

Postoperative management of patients suffering from symptoms of the temporomandibular joint does not differ considerably from the one of preoperative examination protocols. Knowledge of previous surgery helps to plan patient work-up and to interpret normal postoperative findings (eminectomy, discectomy, susceptibility artefacts from metallic residues..) and typical complications (intraarticular loose bodies, dislocations, avascular necrosis, foreign body granulomatous reactions) appropriately. (orig.) [German] Wie auch in anderen Koerperregionen differiert das Diagnoseprotokoll von prae- und postoperativen Patienten mit Beschwerden des Kiefergelenks nicht wesentlich voneinander. Die Kenntnis des vorangegangenen Eingriffs hilft allerdings, die Untersuchung entsprechend zu planen und den Befund im Kontext richtig zu bewerten, um moegliche Komplikationen (intraartikulaere Fragmente, Dislokationen, avaskulaere Nekrose, Fremdkoerperreaktionen) und zu erwartende Befunde (Eminektomie, Diskektomie, Metallartefakte usw.) richtig zu interpretieren. (orig.)

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Bidan dalam Pencegahan Risiko Penularan HIV/AIDS pada Pertolongan Persalinan Normal di Kota Tanjungpinang Tahun 2014

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Rahmadona .

2014-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakKasus HIV/AIDS di Kota Tanjungpinang lebih banyak dialami perempuan usia reproduksi. Dari 925 kasus HIV/AIDS hingga tahun 2013, 502 kasus diderita perempuan sementara laki-laki hanya 423 kasus. Perempuan usia reproduksi tersebut dapat saja hamil dan melahirkan ke bidan. Bidan berisiko tinggi tertular HIV/AIDS pada saat menolong persalinan. Pencegahan risiko penularan HIV/AIDS dalam pertolongan persalinan normal tercermin dari perilaku bidan dalam menerapkan kewaspadaan standar. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku bidan dalam pencegahan risiko penularan HIV/AIDS pada pertolongan persalinan normal di Kota Tanjungpinang tahun 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Dilakukan terhadap 39 orang bidan dengan menggunakan kuisioner dan pedoman observasi. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik ganda. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku bidan adalah pengetahuan (p=0,027, sikap (p=0,004, motivasi (p= 0,047, supervisi (p=0,001 dan ketersediaan sarana (p=0,002. Faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan adalah supervisi (p=0,000. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah bidan akan berperilaku baik dalam pencegahan risiko penularan HIV/AIDS pada pertolongan persalinan normal apabila berpengetahuan baik, bersikap positif, memiliki motivasi tinggi, dilakukan supervisi serta didukung dengan sarana yang lengkap.Kata Kunci: Perilaku, pencegahan HIV/AIDS, pertolongan persalinan normal, pengetahuan, sikap, motivasi, supervisi, ketersediaan sarana.AbstractHIV/AIDS cases in Tanjungpinang city were suffered by women at reproductive ages. 925 HIV/AIDS cases trough 2013, 502 cases were suffered by women while 423 cases were men. This women may become pregnant and deliver their babies at midwives assistance. Midwives are at high risk of HIV/AIDS tramsmission while assisting delivery. Prevention risk of HIV/AIDS transmission in normal delivery assistance

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SIKAP AUDIENCE TERHADAP PRODUCT/BRAND PLACEMENT DALAM ACARA TV (STUDI KASUS INDONESIAN IDOL 2007 & MAMAMIA SHOW 2007

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Leonid Julivan Rumambi

2008-01-01

factors analysis only. This result of factors analysis can be categorized as minimum factors which are responsible for maximum variance in order to support another research. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Product/brand placement bukan merupakan hal baru dalam dunia pemasaran, termasuk di Indonesia setidaknya beberapa tahun terakhir. Dalam dunia perfilman di Amerika Serikat praktek inipun sudah bisa ditemukan pada tahun 1920 an oleh perusahaan rokok, sedangkan sebuah fenomena product/brand placement yang dianggap sebagai salah satu puncak keberhasilan metode ini adalah film E.T: The Extra-Terrestrial pada tahun 1982 yang menampilkan permen Reese's Pieces. Aplikasi product/brand placement dapat ditemukan secara luas di berbagai variasi medium mulai dari film, acara televisi dengan berbagai format tayangan, komik, video games, video klip, dll. Di Indonesia berbagai format acara televisi sudah mulai menjalankan product/brand placement seperti pada 'Akademi Fantasi Indosiar' AFI, 'Indonesian Idol', 'Mamamia Show', 'Kontes Dangdut Indonesia (KDI', 'Empat Mata', 'Katakan Cinta', 'I-Gosip' & 'Cek & Ricek' serta berbagai acara populer yang lain. Dalam aplikasinya terdapat tantangan bagi sponsor maupun perusahaan terkait (baik itu production house, perusahaan televisi/broadcaster, percetakan, grup musik, dll untuk bisa mengetahui faktor-faktor utama yang mempengaruhi sikap audience terhadap product/ brand placement serta seberapa besar kontribusi masing-masing faktor yang ada. Adapun berdasarkan artikel pedoman yang digunakan penelitian ini dihasilkan empat faktor yang mempengaruhi, yaitu attention, acceptance, reference serta ethics & regulation dengan the explained variance sebesar 53,53%. Aplikasinya lebih lanjut ternyata menghasilkan lima faktor yang tersusun dari 23 variabel/item pernyataan yang sudah ada. Dari kelima faktor yang dihasilkan tiga diantaranya masih memiliki sebagian variabel pembentuk/ penyusunnya yang terdahulu seperti pada artikel jurnal (faktor attention

The environmental and radionuclide laboratory at VKTA Rossendorf; Das Labor fuer Umwelt- und Radionuklidanalytik im VKTA Rossendorf

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koehler, M.; Knappik, R.; Gleisberg, B.; Schaefer, I.; Boden, W.; Bothe, M. [Verein fuer Kernverfahrenstechnik und Analytik Rossendorf e.V. (VKTA), Dresden (Germany)

2001-07-01

The VKTA provides environmental and radionuclide analyses for remediation and waste management tasks at the Rossendorf research site and for commercial clients as well. The analyses, the correlated valuations and calculations were used for the decommissioning of nuclear facilities, for the remediation of contaminated mining sites and for environmental investigations. The Laboratory for Environmental and Radionuclide Analytics is able to handle and analyse artificial and natural radionuclides in the range from 10{sup -3} Bq until 10{sup 9} Bq. Besides the used activity measurement techniques ({alpha}-particle and {gamma}-ray spectrometry, {beta}-counting), which were also applied after radiochemical separations, mass-spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma provides analytical results for long-lived radionuclides and isotopic ratios very effective. The capability of the laboratory is demonstrated by selected applications. (orig.) [German] Der VKTA fuehrt im Rahmen seiner Rueckbau- und Entsorgungsaufgaben am Forschungsstandort Rossendorf und fuer externe Auftraggeber Umwelt- und Radionuklidanalysen als komplexe Dienstleistung durch. Die Analysen und die damit in Zusammenhang stehenden Bewertungen und Modellrechnungen finden beim Rueckbau kerntechnischer Anlagen, bei der Sanierung von Uranbergbau-Altlasten und im Umweltbereich Verwendung. Im Labor fuer Umwelt- und Radionuklidanalytik werden Proben mit kuenstlichen und natuerlichen Radionukliden im typischen Aktivitaetsbereich von 10{sup -3} Bq bis 10{sup 9} Bq bearbeitet und analysiert. Neben den Aktivitaetsmessverfahren ({alpha}-, {beta}-, {gamma}-Spektrometrie), die auch nach radiochemischen Trennungen eingesetzt werden, kommen massenspektrometrische Verfahren bei der Analyse langlebiger Radionuklide bzw. Isotopenverhaeltnisse zum Einsatz. Das Leistungsspektrum des Labors wird durch ausgewaehlte Applikationen belegt. (orig.)

Prognostic impact of HIF-1{alpha} expression in patients with definitive radiotherapy for cervical cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dellas, K.; Bache, M.; Kappler, M.; Haensgen, G. [Halle-Wittenberg Univ., Halle (Germany). Dept. of Radiotherapy; Pigorsch, S.U. [Technische Univ. Muenchen (Germany). Dept. of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology; Taubert, H.; Holzhausen, H.J. [Halle-Wittenberg Univ., Halle (Germany). Inst. of Pathology; Holzapfel, D.; Zorn, E. [Halle-Wittenberg Univ., Halle (Germany). Dept. of Radiotherapy; Halle-Wittenberg Univ., Halle (Germany). Inst. of Pathology

2008-03-15

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the hypoxia-inducible factor-(HIF-)1{alpha} expression in tumor tissue, tumor oxygenation and hemoglobin levels in patients with advanced cervical cancers prior to radiotherapy and the effect on clinical outcome. Patients and Methods: The investigation included 44 patients who underwent definitive radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancers between May 1995 and March 1999. Tumor biopsies were taken prior to treatment, and HIF-1{alpha} expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. In the same tumor area, tumor tissue oxygenation (pO{sub 2}) was measured using the Eppendorf device. Results: The 5-year cancer-specific survival of all patients was 60%. Twelve of 44 tumor specimens were HIF-1{alpha}-negative with a significantly better 5-year survival (92 {+-} 8%) versus 32 patients who were HIF-1{alpha}-positive (45 {+-} 10%; p < 0.02). There was no correlation between HIF-1{alpha} expression and tumor oxygenation (p = 0.57 both for pO{sub 2} median and hypoxic fraction < 5 mmHg vs. HIF-1{alpha} expression). However, patients with hemoglobin levels < 11 g/dl showed elevated HIF-1{alpha} expression compared to patients with hemoglobin levels > 12.5 g/dl (p = 0.04). Furthermore, HIF-1{alpha} correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression (p = 0.002). In a multivariate Cox regression model, HIF-1{alpha} expression (relative risk [RR] = 7.5; p = 0.05) revealed an increased risk of tumor-related death. Conclusion: The study indicates, that endogenous tumor markers such as HIF-1{alpha} may serve as prognostic markers of clinical outcome concerning cervical cancer after primary radiotherapy. (orig.)

I'm a Map, I'm a Green Tree

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, Daniel

2010-01-01

I'm talking about the ways we represent ourselves and our world. I've put some thoughts on the topic together here--a gathering that enacts new media creating and takes up conceptual layers like metaphors, models, and composing. The primary sources are videos from the Get a Mac campaign, aka I'm a Mac; I'm a PC ads. Posthuman concepts blending…

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from rat pulmonary leukocytes exposed to ultrafine cobalt: in vivo and in vitro studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Qunwei; Kusaka, Yukinori; Sato, Kazuhiro; Wang Deweng; Donaldson, Kenneth

1999-01-01

Ultrafine cobalt (Uf-Co), one of the new category of ultrafine particles, is generated in some industrial situations and it also exists in environmental particles. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of rat pulmonary leukocytes to release tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) after exposure to Uf-Co in vivo and in vitro. Rats were intratracheally instilled with 1 mg of Uf-Co, and then wet lung weight and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BASF) profile were analysed 1, 3, 7, 15, and 30 days later. The effects of Uf-Co on indices that can be presumed to reflect epithelial injury and permeability (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total protein (TP)) were increased throughout the 30 day post-exposure period. Furthermore, at 3 days after exposure, leukocytes were collected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). After 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation, TNF-alpha in supernatants were determined by ELISA method. The results showed that TNF-alpha secretion by activated leukocytes from rats instilled with Uf-Co was significantly higher than that of the controls. BAL leucocytes from the lung of exposed rats revealed time-and dose-related increases in TNF-alpha release. In conclusion, our results reveal, for the first time to our knowledge, that exposure to Uf-Co can stimulate leukocytes to secrete TNF-alpha. These data suggest that the TNF-alpha release from pulmonary leukocytes probably plays a role in the pathogenesis of 'cobalt lung'. (author)

Modulation of tumor necrosis factor {alpha} expression in mouse brain after exposure to aluminum in drinking water

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsunoda, M.; Sharma, R.P. [Georgia Univ., Athens (Greece). College of Veterinary Medicine

1999-11-01

Aluminum, a known neurotoxic substance and a ground-water pollutant, is a possible contributing factor in various nervous disorders including Alzheimer's disease. It has been hypothesized that cytokines are involved in aluminum neurotoxicity. We investigated the alterations in mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor {alpha} (TNF{alpha}), interleukin-1{beta} (IL-1{beta}), and interferon {gamma} (IFN{gamma}), cytokines related to neuronal damage, in cerebrum and peripheral immune cells of mice after exposure to aluminum through drinking water. Groups of male BALB/c mice were administered aluminum ammonium sulfate in drinking water ad libitum at 0, 5, 25, and 125 ppm aluminum for 1 month. An additional group received 250 ppm ammonium as ammonium sulfate. After treatment, the cerebrum, splenic macrophages and lymphocytes were collected. The expression of TNF{alpha} mRNA in cerebrum was significantly increased among aluminum-treated groups compared with the control, in a dose-dependent manner. Other cytokines did not show any aluminum-related effects. In peripheral cells, there were no significant differences of cytokine mRNA expressions among treatment groups. Increased expression of TNF{alpha} mRNA by aluminum in cerebrum may reflect activation of microglia, a major source of TNF{alpha} in this brain region. Because the aluminum-induced alteration in cytokine message occurred at aluminum concentrations similar to those noted in contaminated water, these results may be relevant in considering the risk of aluminum neurotoxicity in drinking water. (orig.)

Changes in serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) with kami-shoyo-san administration in depressed climacteric patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Ushiroyama, Takahisa; Ikeda, Atsushi; Sakuma, Kou; Ueki, Minoru

2004-01-01

An herbal medicine (kampo) is widely used to prevent or treat climacteric symptoms. In order to investigate the potential involvement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in susceptibility to mood disorder in climacteric women and to clarify the relationship between immune function and the efficacy of herbal medicine, we compared serum TNF-alpha levels in two treated groups, with and without concurrent use of herbal medicine. This study included 113 consecutive depressed menopausal patients who visited the gynecological and psychosomatic medicine outpatient clinic of the Osaka Medical College Hospital in Japan. Fifty-eight patients were administered kami-shoyo-san according to the definition of above sho. In contrast, 55 patients who were different in sho of kami-shoyo-san were administered antidepressants. Hamilton Rating Scale for depression (HAM-D) scores were determined at baseline and 12 weeks after starting treatment (endpoint). TNF-alpha concentrations were analyzed before and after 12 weeks of treatment. Kami-shoyo-san significantly increased plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha after 12 weeks of treatment, to 17.22 +/- 6.13 pg/ml from a baseline level of 14.16 +/- 6.27 pg/ml (p = 0.048). The percent change in plasma concentration of TNF-alpha differed significantly between the kami-shoyo-san therapy group and the antidepressant therapy group at 4 weeks (12.0 +/- 7.8% and -1.22 +/- 0.25%, respectively, p emotional status via the central nervous system and may be regulated by herbal medicines, although the interactions are very complex.

Reduction in high blood tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels after manipulative therapy in 2 cervicogenic headache patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Ormos, Gábor; Mehrishi, J N; Bakács, Tibor

2009-09-01

This case report discusses the treatment of 2 patients with cervicogenic headache (CHA) attending the Outpatient Clinic of the Hungarian National Institute for Rheumatology and Physiotherapy (Budapest, Hungary) and reviews the pathophysiology, therapeutic strategy, and problems associated with the treatment of CHA. Patient 1 was a 27-year-old female who sustained a whiplash injury. A sharp, shooting headache developed, readily induced, and aggravated by just bending the neck backward or by turning her head. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a disk protrusion at C4-C5 pressing the anterior cerebrospinal space. Patient 2 was a 62-year-old female who sustained a whiplash injury; her cervical movements became restricted, which precipitated headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a paramedian disk hernia between the C4 and C5 vertebrae that intruded into the right ventral cerebrospinal space. After 4 weeks of manipulative therapy for patient 1, both active and passive range of motion returned to normal, and the high tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) level (63 pg/mL) was substantially reduced (28 pg/mL). Patient 2 was started on manipulative therapy twice a week for 4 weeks; after 2 months, the patient became symptom-free, and high TNF-alpha level (72 pg/mL) was reduced greatly (35 pg/mL). Two patients with whiplash injury and disk herniation developed CHA associated with very high TNF-alpha levels. After manipulative therapy, these patients became symptom-free, and their TNF-alpha levels decreased substantially.

Triple composite tumor of stomach: A rare combination of alpha fetoprotein positive hepatoid adenocarcinoma, tubular adenocarcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

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Lipika Lipi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A 50-year-old male patient presented with pain abdomen of 6 months duration. Computed tomography scan revealed a large mass in the stomach occluding the lumen. Histopathology revealed a triple composite tumor comprising of tubular adenocarcinoma arising on a background of high-grade dysplasia, hepatoid adenocarcinoma (positive for Hep Par-1 and alpha fetoprotein and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (positive for synaptophysin and chromogranin with nodal metastasis.Triple composite tumors are distinctly rare with few reports in literature.

Isolated limb perfusion with tumor necrosis factor alpha and melphalan for locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma : The value of adjuvant radiotherapy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Thijssens, KMJ; van Ginkel, RJ; Pras, E; Suurmeijer, AJH; Hoekstra, HJ

Background: The aim was to investigate the value of adjuvant radiotherapy for locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma after hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with tumor necrosis factor alpha and melphalan followed by limb-saving surgery. Methods: From 1991 to 2003, 73 patients (median age, 54

Angka Kejadian Delirium dan Faktor Risiko di Intensive Care Unit Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung

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Rakhman Adiwinata

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Delirium ditandai dengan perubahan status mental, tingkat kesadaran, serta perhatian yang akut dan fluktuatif. Keadaan ini merupakan kelainan yang serius berhubungan dengan pemanjangan lama perawatan di Intensive Care Unit (ICU, biaya yang lebih tinggi, memperlambat pemulihan fungsional, serta peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui angka kejadian delirium dan faktor risiko terjadinya delirium di ICU Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS Bandung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan selama tiga bulan (Januari–Maret 2015 di ICU RSHS Bandung. Metode penelitian ini deskriptif observasional secara kohort prospektif, menggunakan alat ukur Confusion Assessment Method-Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU, sebelumnya dilakukan penilaian dengan Richmond agitation-sedation scale (RASS pada pasien yang tersedasi. Hasil penelitian ini dari 105 pasien, 22 pasien dieksklusikan, dari 83 pasien didapatkan 31 pasien positif delirium, angka kejadian 37%. Faktor-faktor risiko pada pasien positif delirium terdiri atas geriatri 15 dari 31, pemakaian ventilator 12 dari 31, pemberian analgesik morfin 9 dari 31, sepsis atau infeksi 9 dari 31, kelainan jantung 8 dari 31, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II skor tinggi 8 dari 31, kelainan ginjal 7 dari 31 laboratorium abnormal 7 dari 31, pemberian sedasi midazolam 6 dari 31 kelainan endokrin 5 dari 31, pemberian analgesik fentanil 2 dari 31, dan strok 1 dari 31. Simpulan, angka kejadian delirium di ICU RSHS Bandung cukup tinggi sebesar 37% dengan faktor risiko terbesar adalah pasien geriatrik.

Variance of the number of tumors in a model for the induction of osteosarcoma by alpha radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Groer, P.G.; Marshall, J.H.

1976-01-01

An earlier report on a model for the induction of osteosarcoma by alpha radiation gave differential equations for the mean numbers of normal, transformed, and malignant cells. In this report we show that for a constant dose rate the variance of the number of cells at each stage and time is equal to the corresponding mean, so the numbers of tumors predicted by the model have a Poisson distribution about their mean values

Deposit formation in DI gasoline engines; Ablagerungsbildung im Benzin-Direkteinspritzmotor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Piock, W.; Leithgoeb, R.; Kropf, R.; Maierhofer, B. [AVL List GmbH, Graz (Austria)

2003-07-01

Changes in fuel composition were found to influence deposit formation. There was an excellent correlation between deposit formation in the combustion chamber and the changes in the flow characteristics of the injection system. With alkylate fuels, deposit formation could be reduced by a factor of 2 to 3. With additions of 18 percent ethanol, deposit formation increased, and injector flow was decreased. Further, the deposit formation pattern changed from the combustion chamber roof to the piston bottom, which is a result of the changed wetting pattern caused by the chemical and physical properties of the fuel. The higher deposit formation is a combination of several mechanisms (flow, diffusion, evaporation, interaction between combustion and the liquid film, etc.) and cannot be described by a simple model. (orig.) [German] Erwartungsgemaess konnte durch die Aenderung der Kraftstoffgrundzusammensetzung (Referenz- oder Alkylatkraftstoff) ein wesentlicher Einfluss auf die Ablagerungsbildung erreicht werden. Die Korrelation zwischen den Brennraumablagerungen und der Veraenderung der Durchflusseigenschaften des Einspritzsystem sind sehr gut. Das Ausmass der Verringerung der Ablagerungsbildung beim Uebergang auf Alkylatkraftstoff war jedoch signifikant, da eine Absenkung um einen Faktor 2 bis 3 beobachtet wurde. Die Zugabe von 10% Ethanol zu den Basiskraftstoffen (Dauerlauf 5 und 6) zeigte eine Zunahme der Ablagerungsmasse im Brennraum, welche mit der Durchflussverminderung der Injektoren korreliert. Zusaetzlich wurde auch eine Veraenderung der Verteilung der Ablagerungsmasse vom Brennraumdach zum Kolbenboden beobachtet, welche durch die veraenderte Benetzungssituation im Zusammenwirken mit den geaenderten chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften des Kraftstoffes bewirkt wird. Die resultierende Erhoehung der Ablagerungsbildung ist das Ergebnis des Zusammenspiels von mehreren Effekten (Stroemung, Diffusion, Verdampfung, Wechlselwirkung der Verbrennung mit dem

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK USIA 6-59 BULAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suzanna Suzanna

2017-01-01

Abstrak: Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia 6-59 Bulan. Masalah gizi masih merupakan masalah kesehatan terutama anak balita, karena balita merupakan kelompok rawan. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak usia 6-59 bulan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Singkawang Utara Kota Singkawang. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 96 balita usia 6-59 bulan yang dilaksanakan bulan Maret sampai dengan Mei 2014. Teknik pengambilan sampel proporsional random sampling. Pengolahan dan analisa data menggunakan komputerisasi. Uji statistik yang digunakan uji chi square.Ha sil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan ibu (p value=0,000, pengetahuan gizi ibu (p value=0,022, pola asuh (p value=0,000, penyakit infeksi (p value=0,000, asupan energi (p value=0,000 dan asupan protein (p value=0,000 dengan status gizi balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Singkawang Utara Kota Singkawang dan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur ibu saat hamil (p value=0,877, jumlah anak (p value=0,938 dan pola makan (p value=0,668 dengan status gizi balita.Disarankan pada ibu yang memiliki balita untuk bisa lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan melalui membaca buku menu seimbang dan media informasi seperti televisi, majalah, internet dll. Serta meningkatkan konsumsi Energi sebanyak 1600 gr/hr, Protein sebanyak 35 gr/hr (AKG, 2013.

Faktor Risiko Kejadian HIV pada Komunitas LSL (Lelaki Seks dengan Lelaki Mitra Yayasan Lantera Minangkabau Sumatera Barat

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Said Firdaus

2013-05-01

Full Text Available HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus adalah virus penyebab AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia dan melemahkan kemampuan tubuh untuk melawan segala penyakit. Lelaki Seks dengan Lelaki (LSL adalah lelaki heteroseks (tertarik pada perempuan, tetapi juga tertarik kepada lelaki. LSL yang terinfeksi HIV hingga tahun 2011 sebanyak 1.061 kasus dan diperkirakan akan terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan hingga tahun 2025. Di Yayasan Lantera Minangkabau Sumatera Barat tahun 2011, dari 621 LSL yang dibina ditemukan sebanyak 24 orang terinfeksi HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian HIV pada komunitas LSL (Lelaki Seks dengan Lelaki Mitra Yayasan Lantera Minangkabau Sumatera Barat dengan menggunakan metode survei analitik dan case control. Sampel penelitian adalah 24 kasus dan 24 kontrol. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square dan odds ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian HIV pada komunitas LSL adalah perilaku seksual (p=0.009, OR 5.898 dan CI 95% 1.609-20.479, sementara faktor penggunaan narkoba suntik bukan faktor risiko kejadian HIV pada komunitas LSL (p=1.000, OR 1.571 dan CI 95% 0.238-10.365. Diharapkan agar pihak Yayasan meningkatkan komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi (KIE kepada komunitas LSL yang dibina serta penemuan kasus HIV terutama pada populasi kunci.

Faktor Determinan Pemilihan Makanan Jajanan pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar

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Yohanes Kristianto

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Makanan jajanan pada siswa sekolah masih banyak yang bermutu rendah sehingga keterampilan anak dalam memilih memegang peran penting dalam mendapatkan jajanan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai mutu jajanan siswa sekolah dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menentukan pemilihan jajanan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional pada 120 siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Batu yang dipilih secara purposif pada bulan September hingga Desember 2009. Mutu jajanan sekolah diperiksa di laboratorium. Siswa diminta untuk menjawab 28 pertanyaan tentang pemilihan jajanan. Data yang diperoleh diolah dan dianalisis dengan uji analisis faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya jajanan pada siswa seko-lah mengandung energi di bawah standar (300 Kkal/ orsi. Komposisi bahan penyusun jajanan kurang bervariasi. Sebagian besar jajanan (71,4% mengandung formalin. Faktor utama yang menentukan pemilihan jajanan di sekolah mencakup variabel harga, hadiah, ukuran porsi, aroma, dan kebebasan menentukan pilihan sendiri. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kandungan gizi dan keamanan jajanan anak sekolah perlu ditingkatkan. Determinan utama pemilihan jajanan didominasi aspek harga, hadiah, dan cita rasa. Untuk membuat jajanan yang bergizi dan aman disarankan pembuatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan pangan dan teknologi lokal. Selain itu, juga diperlukan penegakan hukum terkait dengan penggunaan bahan berbahaya dalam jajanan siswa sekolah. Snacks of poor qualities which still predominate foods sold in school high-lights the importance of skill in choosing healthy foods. This research was aimed to examine the quality of snack and determine factors that contribute to children’s food choice. The study was conducted using cross sectional design on purposefully selected 120 school children from four elementary schools in Kota Batu in September to December 2009. School snacks were collected for

Combination of interferon-alpha and 5-fluorouracil inhibits endothelial cell growth directly and by regulation of angiogenic factors released by tumor cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wada, Hiroshi; Tanemura, Masahiro; Umeshita, Koji; Doki, Yuichiro; Mori, Masaki; Nagano, Hiroaki; Yamamoto, Hirofumi; Noda, Takehiro; Murakami, Masahiro; Kobayashi, Shogo; Marubashi, Shigeru; Eguchi, Hidetoshi; Takeda, Yutaka

2009-01-01

The combination therapy of interferon (IFN)-alpha and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) improved the prognosis of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To determine the molecular mechanisms of the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects, we examined the direct anti-proliferative effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and indirect effects by regulating secretion of angiogenic factors from HCC cells. The direct effects on HUVEC were examined by TUNEL, Annexin-V assays and cell cycles analysis. For analysis of the indirect effects, the apoptosis induced by the conditioned medium from HCC cell treated by IFN-alpha/5-FU and expression of angiogenic factors was examined. IFN-alpha and 5-FU alone had anti-proliferative properties on HUVEC and their combination significantly inhibited the growth (compared with control, 5-FU or IFN alone). TUNEL and Annexin-V assays showed no apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis revealed that IFN-alpha and 5-FU delayed cell cycle progression in HUVEC with S-phase accumulation. The conditioned medium from HuH-7 cells after treatment with IFN/5-FU significantly inhibited HUVEC growth and induced apoptosis, and contained high levels of angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and low levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ang-2. Knockdown of Ang-1 in HuH-7 cells abrogated the anti-proliferative effects on HUVEC while knockdown of Ang-2 partially rescue the cells. These results suggested that IFN-alpha and 5-FU had direct growth inhibitory effects on endothelial cells, as well as anti-angiogenic effects through regulation of angiogenic factors released from HCC cells. Modulation of VEGF and Angs secretion by IFN-alpha and 5-FU may contribute to their anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor effects on HCC

Targeted Alpha Therapy Approach to the Management of Pancreatic Cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allen, Barry J.; Abbas Rizvi, Syed M.; Qu, Chang F.; Smith, Ross C.

2011-01-01

Evidence for the efficacy of targeted alpha therapy for the control of pancreatic cancer in preclinical models is reviewed. Results are given for in vitro pancreatic cancer cells and clusters and micro-metastatic cancer lesions in vivo. Two complementary targeting vectors are examined. These are the C595 monoclonal antibody that targets the MUC1 antigen and the PAI2 ligand that targets the uPA receptor. The expression of the tumor-associated antigen MUC-1 and the uPA receptor on three pancreatic cancer cell lines is reported for cell clusters, human mouse xenografts and lymph node metastases, as well as for human pancreatic cancer tissues, using immuno-histochemistry, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The targeting vectors C595 and PAI2 were labeled with the alpha emitting radioisotope 213 Bi using the chelators cDTPA and CHX-A″ to form the alpha-conjugates (AC). Cell clusters were incubated with the AC and examined at 48 hours. Apoptosis was documented using the TUNEL assay. In vivo, the anti-proliferative effect for tumors was tested at two days post-subcutaneous cell inoculation. Mice were injected with different concentrations of AC by local or systemic administration. Changes in tumor progression were assessed by tumor size. MUC-1 and uPA are strongly expressed on CFPAC-1, PANC-1 and moderate expression was found CAPAN-1 cell clusters and tumor xenografts. The ACs can target pancreatic cells and regress cell clusters (∼100 μm diameter), causing apoptosis in some 70–90 % of cells. At two days post-cell inoculation in mice, a single local injection of 74 MBq/kg of AC causes complete inhibition of tumor growth. Systemic injections of 111, 222 and 333 MBq/kg of alpha-conjugate caused significant tumor growth delay in a dose dependent manner after 16 weeks, compared with the non-specific control at 333 MBq/kg. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTS and TUNEL assays. The C595 and PAI2-alpha conjugates are indicated for the treatment of micro

Effect of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementations on serum leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and serum amyloid A levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Mostafa Jamalan

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Objective: Diabetes mellitus Type 2 is one of the most widespread chronic metabolic diseases. In most cases, this type of diabetes is associated with alterations in levels of some inflammatory cytokines and hormones. Considering anti-inflammatory properties of plant extracts rich in ascorbic acid (vitamin C and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E, anti-diabetic properties of these two well-known antioxidant vitamins were investigated through measurement of serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, insulin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α, and serum amyloid A (SAA in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: Male patients (n=80 were randomly divided into two groups each consisted of 40 subjects. Test groups were supplemented with ascorbic acid (1000 mg/day or alpha-tocopherol (300 mg/day orally during four weeks. Before and after treatment, serum biochemical factors of subjects were measured and compared. Results: Our results showed that both ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol could induce significant anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing the level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, SAA, and hs-CRP in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. Effects of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in decreasing serum leptin level were similar. Ascorbic acid in contrast to alpha-tocopherol diminished fasting insulin and HOMA index but had no effect on LDL serum level. Conclusion: Concerning the obtained results, it is concluded that consumption of supplementary vitamins C and E could decrease induced inflammatory response in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.  It is also possible that vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation can attenuate incidence of some proposed pathological effects of diabetes mellitus.

EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR PRODUKSI USAHATANI CABAI DI KECAMATAN SUMOWONO KABUPATEN SEMARANG

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Ferdynan Harahap

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Abstrak ___________________________________________________________________ Cabai merupakan komoditas unggulan yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi sehingga banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Untuk mengimbangi laju peningkatan konsumsi cabai, Pemerintah melakukan impor cabai yang jumlah maupun nilainya semakin meningkat setiap tahun. Perkembangan produksi cabai cenderung mengalami kenaikan dari tahun ketahun. Namun apabila dilihat dari harganya dibandingkan dengan cabai impor, cabai lokal masih relatif lebih mahal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat efisiensi  penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi pada usahatani cabai di Kecamatan Sumowono Kabupaten Semarang. Apakah penggunaan faktor-faktor produksi yang meliputi luas lahan, tenaga kerja, bibit dan pupuk sudah efisien atau belum efisien, sehingga dapat diambil keputusan apakah perlu dilakukan penambahan atau pegurangan input faktor produksi agar tercipta efisiensi, baik efisiensi teknis,harga maupun ekonomi. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah fungsi produksi dengan pendekatan frontier stokastik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai efisiensi teknis masih di bawah 1 yaitu 0,93. Artinya usahatani cabai di Kecamatan sumowono Kabupaten Semarang yang dilakukan tidak efisien secara teknis. Nilai efisiensi harga sebesar 1,7 yaitu lebih dari 1 artinya belum efisien secara harga. Sedangkan nilai efisiensi ekonomi sebesar 1,58 yaitu lebih besar dari 1artinya belum efisien, ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani cabai di Kecamatan Sumowono Kabupaten Semarang belum efisien secara ekonomi. Skala hasil usaha sebesar 0,906 yang berarti kegiatan usahatani cabai berada pada skala hasil yang menurun. Abstract ______________________________________________________________ Chili is a commodity that has economic value that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. To keep pace with the increased consumption of chili, The  Government import a number of chili and its amount increasing every year

Cystic craniopharyngioma: intratumoral chemotherapy with alpha interferon

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Patrícia Alessandra Dastoli

2011-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the cystic craniopharyngiomas can be controlled with the use of intratumoral applications of interferon alpha. METHOD: Nineteen patients with the diagnosis of cystic craniopharyngioma were treated with intratumoral chemotherapy with interferon alpha from January 2002 to April 2006. All patients underwent placement of an intracystic catheter connected to an Ommaya reservoir. Through this reservoir were made applications during chemotherapy cycles. Each cycle corresponded to application of 3,000,000 units of interferon alpha three times per week on alternate days totalizing 36,000,000 units. Response to treatment was evaluated by calculating the tumor volume on MRI control after one, three and six months after the end of each cycle. Patients who developed worsening of symptoms or who had insignificant reduction in tumor volume during follow-up underwent repeat cycle chemotherapy. RESULTS: Four patients received four cycles of chemotherapy, three patients received three cycles, six patients received two cycles and six patients received one. The lower percentage of reduction in tumor volume was 60% and the bigger reduction was 98.37%. Eleven patients had a reduction greater than 90%. Five patients had a tumor reduction between 75 and 90% and in three patients the tumors were reduced by less than 75%. No deaths occurred during treatment and side effects of interferon alpha were well tolerated. No treatment was discontinued. Follow-up after the last application ranged from one year and five months to three years and nine months. CONCLUSION: The intratumoral chemotherapy with interferon alpha decreases the volume of cystic craniopharyngiomas and so far can be considered a new therapeutic alternative.

PENGARUH PENILAIAN KINERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN PEMASARAN MELALUI FAKTOR PENDORONG MOTIVASI (STUDI KASUS: BANK XYZ KCU BEKASI

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Febrina Aulia Prasasti

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The development of the domestic banking business requires stakeholders to expose their best performance with any available resources they own. The performance assessment owned by a company should encourage motivation to increase productivity for each employee. Productivity, as a measure of employee performance, is an important factor for a company in achieving its goals. This study aims to analyze the influence of performance assessment on employee performance, particularly in the marketing field. Thus, partial least square (PLS was utilized to examine the influence of performance assessment on performance. The result shows that the assessment contributes an influence on the motivating factor reaching up to 78%, while the motivating factor affects the performance as much as 44%. Hence, it can be concluded that the assessment of performance affects the employee performance in the presence of motivation supporting factor.Keywords: motivation factor, performance assessment, performance, PLSABSTRAKPerkembangan bisnis perbankan dalam negeri menuntut seluruh stakeholder menunjukkan kinerja terbaik dengan seluruh sumber daya yang dimiliki. Penilaian kinerja yang dimiliki oleh suatu perusahaan seharusnya dapat menjadi alat yang mampu mendorong motivasi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas bagi masing-masing karyawan. Produktivitas sebagai tolak ukur kinerja karyawan merupakan faktor penting bagi suatu perusahaan dalam mencapai tujuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penilaian kinerja terhadap kinerja khususnya karyawan pemasaran. Pengujian pengaruh penilaian kinerja terhadap kinerja menggunakan partial least square (PLS. Hasilnya adalah penilaian kinerja memengaruhi faktor pemotivasi sebesar 78%, sedangkan faktor pemotivasi memengaruhi kinerja sebesar 44%. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah penilaian kinerja memengaruhi kinerja jika terdapat faktor pendorong motivasi. Kata kunci: penilaian kinerja, faktor motivasi, performance, PLS

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PREMATURE SIGN-OFF DENGAN TURNOVER INTENTION SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING: Suatu tinjauan dari Goal Setting Theory

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Ceacilia Srimindarti

2013-11-01

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor internal individu (seperti komitmen organisasional auditor dan turnover intention pada penerimaan prematur sign-off. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah auditor yang bekerja di perusahaan audit di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dengan mengirimkan kuesioner kepada responden melalui pos. Ada 236 responden yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komitmen organisasi dan turnover intention mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penerimaan prematur sign-off. Komitmen organisasi berpengaruh pada turn over.

Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Lingkungan dan Motivasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja di Pelayanan Kesehatan RSUD Banjarbaru

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Husaini Husaini

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Healthcare providers have the function of organizing medical services, development of administration and financial implemented by medical record and service unit. Therefore, hospital should give a positive direction to achieve organization goals and employees’ job satisfaction. The expectation is influenced by the work environment and motivation. This study aimed to analyze the influence of physical work environment (temperature and humidity, non-physical work environment (relationship among employees, relationship between employees and leaders and motivation for job satisfaction in the medical record and service unit at Banjarbaru Hospital in 2015. The research design was crosssectional through observational approach. The sample was 32 people. The research applied devices for measuring temperature and humidity, and questionnaires for motivation and job satisfaction assessment. The results revealed that humidity and temperature factors influence job satisfaction significantly. The influence of non-physical work environment on satisfaction was at p-value of 0.017, and the influence of motivation on job satisfaction was at p-value of 0.035. The study concluded that temperature, humidity, motivation and non-physical work environment were the factors of job satisfaction. Key words : Environment factors, job satisfaction, motivationAbstrakPelayanan kesehatan mempunyai fungsi menyelenggarakan pelayanan medis, pengembangan administrasi dan keuangan yang dilaksanakan unit kesehatan, terutama di rumah sakit, tetapi juga harus memperhatikan kepuasan kerja pegawai. Harapan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan kerja dan motivasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor lingkungan kerja fisik (suhu dan kelembaban, lingkungan kerja non fisik (hubungan sesama karyawan, hubungan karyawan-atasan dan motivasi terhadap kepuasan kerja. Tempat penelitian di ruang rekam medik dan bidang pelayanan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD Daerah Banjarbaru. Metode

Release of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 during antibiotic killing of Escherichia coli in whole blood: influence of antibiotic class, antibiotic concentration, and presence of septic serum

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Prins, J. M.; Kuijper, E. J.; Mevissen, M. L.; Speelman, P.; van Deventer, S. J.

1995-01-01

The concentration and accessibility of endotoxin can increase following antibiotic killing of gram-negative bacteria. There are indications that antibiotics may differ in this respect. We measured endotoxin levels in RPMI 1640 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 production

Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer Patients: Rise in Interleukin 6 (IL-6) but not IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}, MIP-1-{alpha}, and LIF Levels

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Oliveira Lopes, Carlos [Universidade do Vale do Paraiba, Centro de Oncologia Radioterapica do Vale do Paraiba, Universidade do Vale do Paraiba Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraiba, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo (Brazil); Callera, Fernando, E-mail: fcallera@gmail.com [Centro de Hematologia Onco-hematologia e Transplantes de Medula Ossea do Vale do Paraiba, Sao Paulo (Brazil)

2012-03-15

Purpose: To investigate the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-{alpha}), macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha (MIP-1-{alpha}) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in patients with prostate cancer. Methods and Materials: Forty eight patients with prostate cancer received three-dimensional conformal blocking radiation therapy with a linear accelerator. IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-{alpha}, MIP-1-{alpha}, and LIF levels were measured by the related immunoassay kit 1 day before the beginning of RT and during RT at days 15 and 30. Results: The mean IL-2 values were elevated before and during the RT in contrast with those of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-{alpha}, MIP-1-{alpha}, and LIF, which were within the normal range under the same conditions. Regarding markers IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, TNF-{alpha}, MIP-1-{alpha}, and LIF, comparisons among the three groups (before treatment and 15 and 30 days during RT) did not show significant differences. Although values were within the normal range, there was a significant rise in IL-6 levels at day 15 of RT (p = 0.0049) and a decline at day 30 to levels that were similar to those observed before RT. Conclusions: IL-6 appeared to peak after 15 days of RT before returning to pre-RT levels. In contrast, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, TNF-{alpha}, MIP-1-{alpha}, and LIF levels were not sensitive to irradiation. The increased levels of IL-6 following RT without the concurrent elevation of other cytokines involved in the acute phase reaction did not suggest a classical inflammatory response to radiation exposure. Further studies should be designed to elucidate the role of IL-6 levels in patients with prostate cancer treated with RT.

Faktor Risiko Lingkungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar

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Sofia Sofia

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI is still one public health problem that is important to note, because it is an acute illness and can even cause death in infants in developing countries, including Indonesia. In general, there are three the risk factors of ARI namely environmental factors, individual factors of children, and behavioral factors. The aim of research to find out the environmental risk factors with the incidence of  ARI  in Toddlers in Public Health Center of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar district. This type of research is an analytic survey with cross-sectional study approach. The sample size is calculated using the formula Lemeshow of 100 respondents, samples were taken randomly. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The results showed that the level of humidity in the home (p= 0,039, smoking habits of family members in the home (p= 0,001, and the habit of using mosquito coils in the home (p= 0,003 as a risk factor for ISPA to children in Region Public Health Center of Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar district. Conclusion, risk factor of ARI in the toddler that is a smoking habit, usage habit of mosquito coil and air humidity. Suggestions, the public in order to maintain air quality in the home environment to avoid various transmission of infectious diseases. Keywords: Air humidity, habits, environment, ARI Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting untuk diperhatikan, karena merupakan penyakit akut dan bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian pada balita di berbagai negara berkembang termasuk  Indonesia. Secara umum ada 3 (tiga faktor risiko terjadinya ISPA yaitu faktor lingkungan, faktor individu anak, serta faktor perilaku. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor risiko lingkungan dengan kejadian ISPA pada Balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jenis penelitian adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan Crossectional study. Besarnya sampel dihitung

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU SEKS PRANIKAH PADA MAHASISWA UNNES

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Ika Ayu Lestari

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Survei pendahuluan terhadap 300 mahasiswa UNNES, menunjukkan bahwa 59% mahasiswa telah melakukan perilaku seks yang berisiko tinggi dan 41% melakukan perilaku seks yang berisiko rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seks pranikah pada mahasiswa UNNES yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, pemahaman tentang agama, pemahaman tentang norma, status ekonomi, status tempat tinggal, paparan pornografi, peran orang tua, peran teman sebaya, lingkungan tempat tinggal, dan kegiatan pengisi waktu luang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian explanatory research dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa UNNES. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 320 orang. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 3 variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seks pranikah mahasiswa,yaitu status tempat tinggal (p=0,040,paparan pornografi (p=0,019, dan peran teman sebaya (p=0,001. Kesimpulan bahwa ada hubungan antara status tempat tinggal, paparan pornografi, dan peran teman sebaya. Disarankan kepada pihak UNNES untuk memblokir akses internet yang menjerumus pada pornografi di area kampus. Kepada mahasiswa harus pandai mencari teman sebaya agar tidak terjerumus untuk melakukan perilaku seks pranikah.   Preliminary survey of 300 students of UNNES showed that 59 % of students did high-risk sexual behavior and 41 % did low-risk sexual behavior.The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the premarital sexual behavior of UNNES students such as knowledge, attitude, religion comprehension, norm comprehension, economic status, residence status, exposure to pornography, role of parents, role of peers, residence area, and spare time activity. This research was explanatory research with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were UNNES students. Sampling

The tumor necrosis factor alpha - 308G>A polymorphism is associated with dementia in the oldest-old

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruunsgaard, Helle; Benfield, Thomas L; Andersen-Ranberg, Karen

2004-01-01

OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -308 G>A promoter gene polymorphism is a risk factor in age-related dementia and longevity. DESIGN: A cross-sectional and a longitudinal study. SETTING: A population-based sample of Danish centenarians. PARTICIPANTS: One...... was investigated (Fischer exact test). Furthermore, whether the TNF -308 G>A polymorphism was associated with the prevalence of dementia (logistic regression analysis), the plasma level of TNF-alpha (analysis of variance), and mortality in the following 5 years (Cox regression analysis) within the cohort...... higher plasma levels of TNF-alpha, but the significance was questionable due to a low number of subjects with this genotype. CONCLUSION: It is possible that the TNF -308 A allele is maintained during aging because subjects who are heterozygous for this polymorphism possess the optimal inflammatory...

Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha values in elk neonates

Science.gov (United States)

Barber-Meyer, S. M.; Johnson, C.R.; Murtaugh, M.P.; Mech, L.D.; White, P.J.

2007-01-01

Serological indicators of general condition would be helpful for monitoring or assessing ungulate wildlife. Toward that end, we report the 1st reference values for 2 cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-??), in neonatal elk (Cervus elaphus). We obtained blood samples from 140 calves ??? 6 days old in Yellowstone National Park during summer 2003-2005. TL-6 values ranged from 0 to 1.21 pg/ml with a median of 0.03 pg/ml. TNF-?? values ranged from 0 to 225.43 pg/ml with a median of 1.85 pg/ml. IL-6 and TNF-?? concentrations were not significant predictors of elk calf survival through 21 days. Development of ungulate-based IL-6 and TNF-?? assays that provide greater sensitivity than cross-reacting human-based assays could be helpful in monitoring ungulate condition and health status comparisons among herds. Such information could provide indirect assessments of range quality or environmental influences among herds. 

Effect of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopheryl quinone on the radiosensitivity of thiol-depleted mammalian cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hodgkiss, R.J.; Stratford, M.R.; Watfa, R.R.

1989-01-01

The effect of hypoxic cell radiosensitizers is increased when mammalian cells are depleted of endogenous glutathione by buthionine sulphoximine pre-treatment in vitro; a similar gain has not been observed in tumors in vivo despite evidence of glutathione depletion in vivo following buthionine sulphoximine treatment. However, concentrations of biological reducing agents other than glutathione were not measured in the in vivo experiments. Other reducing agents found in tumors include alpha-tocopherol, which reduces the sensitizing efficiency of nitro-aromatic sensitizers in thiol-depleted mammalian cells. These data suggest that the failure to observe large gains in misonidazole sensitizing efficiency in thiol-depleted tumors in vivo may be due, in part, to the presence of biological reducing agents such as alpha-tocopherol

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI IMPOR KAPAS DI INDONESIA

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Ari Budi Basuki

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh produksi kapas domestik, konsumsi kapas, GDP riil dan kurs rupiah ke dollar AS terhadap impor kapas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan data time series berdasarkan tahun 1980-2013. Data diperoleh dari Indexmundi, International Monetary Fund dan United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNSCAD. Hasil analisis Error Correction Model (ECM menunjukkan bahwa variabel produksi kapas domestik dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang tidak berpengaruh terhadap impor kapas, variabel konsumsi kapas dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang berpengaruh positif terhadap impor kapas, variabel GDP riil dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang tidak berpengaruh terhadap impor kapas, dan variabel kurs rupiah terhadap dollar dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang tidak berpengaruh terhadap impor kapas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah faktor produksi kapas, GDP riil dan kurs dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang tidak berpengaruh terhadap impor kapas, namun dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang faktor konsumsi kapas mempengaruhi impor kapas. Saran yang berkaitan dengan hasil penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah perlu meningkatkan total produksi kapas dalam negeri dengan cara mengembangkan penelitian dan pembenihan kapas dalam negeri termasuk jenis transgenic. Pemerintah perlu mengurangi penggunaan kapas terutama dengan cara mensubtitusi kapas tersebut dengan kapas sintetis This study aimed to analyze the influence of domestic cotton production, cotton consumption, real GDP and the exchange rate rupiah to the US dollar against the import of cotton. This research is a quantitative study with time series data based on years of 1980-2013. Data obtained from Indexmundi, International Monetary Fund and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNSCAD. Results of analysis Error Correction Model (ECM shows that domestic cotton production variables in the short term and the

Deep learning for tumor classification in imaging mass spectrometry.

Science.gov (United States)

Behrmann, Jens; Etmann, Christian; Boskamp, Tobias; Casadonte, Rita; Kriegsmann, Jörg; Maaß, Peter

2018-04-01

Tumor classification using imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) data has a high potential for future applications in pathology. Due to the complexity and size of the data, automated feature extraction and classification steps are required to fully process the data. Since mass spectra exhibit certain structural similarities to image data, deep learning may offer a promising strategy for classification of IMS data as it has been successfully applied to image classification. Methodologically, we propose an adapted architecture based on deep convolutional networks to handle the characteristics of mass spectrometry data, as well as a strategy to interpret the learned model in the spectral domain based on a sensitivity analysis. The proposed methods are evaluated on two algorithmically challenging tumor classification tasks and compared to a baseline approach. Competitiveness of the proposed methods is shown on both tasks by studying the performance via cross-validation. Moreover, the learned models are analyzed by the proposed sensitivity analysis revealing biologically plausible effects as well as confounding factors of the considered tasks. Thus, this study may serve as a starting point for further development of deep learning approaches in IMS classification tasks. https://gitlab.informatik.uni-bremen.de/digipath/Deep_Learning_for_Tumor_Classification_in_IMS. jbehrmann@uni-bremen.de or christianetmann@uni-bremen.de. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Enhancement of alpha particles-induced cell transformation by oxygen free radicals and tumor necrosis factor released from phagocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gong Yifen; Guo Renfeng; Zhu Maoxiang; Shou Jiang; Ge Guixiu; Yang Zhihua; Hieber, L.; Peters, K.; Schippel, C.

1997-01-01

To illustrate the role of several endogenous factors released from phagocytes under chronic inflammation in radiation-induced cancer. C 3 T 10 T 1/2 and SHE cells were used as targets, and 238 Pu alpha source was used in alpha irradiation. The enhancement of TF in alpha particles-induced cell transformation by PMA-stimulated human blood and zymosan-stimulated U-937 cells was studied using formation of transformed foci. Transformation frequency (TF) of C 3 H 10 T 1/2 cells exposed to alpha particles of 0.5 Gy increased 2.1 and 2.8 fold by PMA-and PMA-stimulated neutrophils, respectively. TF of irradiated SHE cells at a dose of 0.5 Gy increased 12 fold by the addition of the supernatant of macrophage-like U-937 cell line. It was shown that TF of irradiated SHE cells at above dose increased 8 fold by the supernatant treated with anti-TNF-α could be subcultured continuously in vitro. The cells at 40 th passage and two lines of monoclone cells have the ability to develop malignant tumors in nude mice. The overdose of free radicals and TNF-α released from neutrophils and macrophages have played an important role in low dose radiation-induced cancer

vaccination using profilin and NetB proteins in Montanide IMS adjuvant increases protective immunity against experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis

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Hyun Soon Lillehoj

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Objective The effects of vaccinating 18-day-old chicken embryos with the combination of recombinant Eimeria profilin plus Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens NetB proteins mixed in the Montanide IMS adjuvant on the chicken immune response to necrotic enteritis (NE were investigated using an Eimeria maxima (E. maxima/C. perfringens co-infection NE disease model that we previously developed. Methods Eighteen-day-old broiler embryos were injected with 100 μL of phosphate-buffered saline, profilin, profilin plus necrotic enteritis B-like (NetB, profilin plus NetB/Montanide adjuvant (IMS 106, and profilin plus Net-B/Montanide adjuvant (IMS 101. After post-hatch birds were challenged with our NE experimental disease model, body weights, intestinal lesions, serum antibody levels to NetB, and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes were measured. Results Chickens in ovo vaccinated with recombinant profilin plus NetB proteins/IMS106 and recombinant profilin plus NetB proteins/IMS101 showed significantly increased body weight gains and reduced gut damages compared with the profilin-only group, respectively. Greater antibody response to NetB toxin were observed in the profilin plus NetB/IMS 106, and profilin plus NetB/IMS 101 groups compared with the other three vaccine/adjuvant groups. Finally, diminished levels of transcripts encoding for proinflammatory cytokines such as lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor, tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15, and interleukin-8 were observed in the intestinal lymphocytes of chickens in ovo injected with profilin plus NetB toxin in combination with IMS 106, and profilin plus NetB toxin in combination with IMS 101 compared with profilin protein alone bird. Conclusion These results suggest that the Montanide IMS adjuvants potentiate host immunity to experimentally-induced avian NE when administered in ovo in conjunction with the profilin and

Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 stimulate bone resorption in vivo as measured by urinary [3H]tetracycline excretion from prelabeled mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koenig, A.M.; Muehlbauer, R.C.F.; Fleisch, H.

1988-01-01

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) have been shown to stimulate bone resorption in vitro. We have now investigated whether these cytokines also cause a similar action when administered in vivo. This was made possible by the adaptation of a newly developed technique that enables the continual assessment of bone resorption in vivo in mice by measuring urinary excretion of 3 H from [ 3 H]tetracycline-prelabeled animals. Experiments using maneuvers known to influence bone resorption, such as a change in dietary calcium or administration of parathyroid hormone or dichloromethylenebisphosphonate, indicate that the technique is reliable and sensitive in mice. Daily intravenous administration of either recombinant human or recombinant murine TNF-alpha, as well as subcutaneous administration of recombinant human IL-1 alpha, were found to stimulate bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. The effect was maximal within 2 days. Thus, exogenous TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha can stimulate bone resorption in vivo, suggesting that these cytokines may also exert a systemic effect on bone

Characterization of high specific activity [16 alpha-123I]Iodo-17 beta-estradiol as an estrogen receptor-specific radioligand capable of imaging estrogen receptor-positive tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pavlik, E.J.; Nelson, K.; Gallion, H.H.; van Nagell, J.R. Jr.; Donaldson, E.S.; Shih, W.J.; Spicer, J.A.; Preston, D.F.; Baranczuk, R.J.; Kenady, D.E.

1990-01-01

16 alpha-[123I]Iodo-17 beta-estradiol (16 alpha-[123I]E2) has been characterized for use as a selective radioligand for estrogen receptor (ERc) that is capable of generating in situ images of ERc-positive tumors. High specific activity 16 alpha-[123I]E2 (7,500-10,000 Ci/mmol) was used in all determinations. Radiochemical purity was determined by thin layer chromatography, and the selectivity of radioligand for ERc was evaluated using size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography on ERc prepared from rodent uteri. Efficiencies of radioidination approaching 100% were achieved, and excellent receptor selectivity was obtained even when the efficiency of radioiodination was as low as 10%. Low radiochemical purity was always associated with poor selectivity for ERc. No new radioligand species was generated during the course of radiodecay; however, reduced binding over time, even when increased activity was used to compensate for radiodecay, indicated that the formation of a radioinert competitor does occur. 16 alpha-[123I]E2 demonstrated stable, high affinity binding to ERc and was concentrated by ERc-positive tissues. After injecting 16 alpha-[123I]E2 in vivo, images of ERc-containing tissues were obtained, including rabbit reproductive tract and dimethylbenzanthracene-induced tumors. The demonstrations of ERc selectivity and image formation both indicate that 16 alpha-[123I]E2 should have promise as a useful new radiopharmaceutical for imaging ERc-positive cancers

Tc-labeling of Peptidomimetic Antagonist to Selectively Target alpha(v)beta(3) Receptor-Positive Tumor: Comparison of PDA and EDDA as co-Ligands.

Science.gov (United States)

Shin, In Soo; Maeng, Jin Soo; Jang, Beom-Su; You, Eric; Cheng, Kenneth; Li, King C P; Wood, Bradford; Carrasquillo, Jorge A; Danthi, S Narasimhan; Paik, Chang H

2010-01-01

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this research was to synthesize radiolabeled peptidomimetic integrin alpha(v)beta(3) antagonist with (99m)Tc for rapid targeting of integrin alpha(v)beta(3) receptors in tumor to produce a high tumor to background ratio. METHODS: The amino terminus of 4-[2-(3,4,5,6-tetra-hydropyrimidin-2-ylamino)-ethyloxy]benzoyl-2-(S)-[N-(3-amino-neopenta-1-carbamyl)]-aminoethylsulfonyl-amino-beta-alanine hydrochloride (IAC) was conjugated with N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of HYNIC and labeled with (99m)Tc using tricine with either 1,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDA) or ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (EDDA) as the co-ligand. The products, (99m)Tc EDDA(2)/HYNIC-IAC (P1) and (99m)Tc PDA (tricin)/HYNIC-IAC (P2) were subjected to in vitro serum stability, receptor-binding, biodistribution and imaging studies. RESULTS: P1 and P2 were synthesized with an overall yield of >80%. P1 was slightly more stable than P2 when incubated in serum at 37 degrees C for 18 hrs (84 vs 77% intact). The In vitro receptor-binding of P1 was higher than that of P2 (78.02 +/- 13.48 vs 51.05 +/- 14.05%) when incubated with alpha(v)beta(3) at a molar excess (0.8 muM). This receptor binding was completely blocked by a molar excess of an unlabeled peptidomimetic antagonist. Their differences shown in serum stability and the receptor-binding appeared to be related to their biological behaviors in tumor uptake and retention; the 1 h tumor uptakes of P1 and P2 were 3.17+/-0.52 and 2.13+/-0.17 % ID/g, respectively. P1 was retained in the tumor longer than P2. P1 was excreted primarily through the renal system whereas P2 complex was excreted equally via both renal and hepatobiliary systems. Thus, P1 was retained in the whole-body with 27.25 +/- 3.67% ID at 4 h whereas 54.04 +/- 3.57% ID of P2 remained in the whole-body at 4 h. This higher whole-body retention of P2 appeared to be resulted from a higher amount of radioactivity retained in liver and intestine. These findings were supported by

Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma on expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in human bladder cancer cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Shin, K Y; Moon, H S; Park, H Y; Lee, T Y; Woo, Y N; Kim, H J; Lee, S J; Kong, G

2000-10-31

We have investigated the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon (INF-gamma), the potent Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-induced cytokines on the production of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and MT1-MMP in high grade human bladder cancer cell lines, T-24, J-82 and HT-1376 cell lines. MMP-2 expression and activity were decreased in T-24 cells treated with both cytokines in a dose dependent manner. However, J-82 cells treated with TNF-alpha and INF-gamma revealed dose dependent increases of MMP-9 expression and activity with similar baseline expression and activity of MMP-2. HT-1376 cells after exposure to TNF-alpha only enhanced the expression and activity of MMP-9. These results indicate that TNF-alpha and INF-gamma could regulate the production of MMP-2 or MMP-9 on bladder cancer cells and their patterns of regulation are cell specific. Furthermore, this diverse response of bladder cancer cells to TNF-alpha and INF-gamma suggests that BCG immunotherapy may enhance the invasiveness of bladder cancer in certain conditions with induction of MMPs.

[Cellular adhesion signal transduction network of tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells].

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Yongchang; Du, Shunda; Xu, Haifeng; Xu, Yiyao; Zhao, Haitao; Chi, Tianyi; Lu, Xin; Sang, Xinting; Mao, Yilei

2014-11-18

To systemically explore the cellular adhesion signal transduction network of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells with bioinformatics tools. Published microarray dataset of TNF-α-induced HepG2, human transcription factor database HTRI and human protein-protein interaction database HPRD were used to construct and analyze the signal transduction network. In the signal transduction network, MYC and SP1 were the key nodes of signaling transduction. Several genes from the network were closely related with cellular adhesion.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a possible key gene of effectively regulating cellular adhesion during the induction of TNF-α. EGFR is a possible key gene for TNF-α-induced metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

MutY DNA Glycosylase Protects Cells From Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Necroptosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, An Hue Vy; Han, Se Hee; Kim, Joon; Grasso, Francesca; Kim, In San; Han, Ye Sun

2017-07-01

Numerous studies have implied that mutY DNA glycosylase (MYH) is involved in the repair of post-replicative mispairs and plays a critical role in the base excision repair pathway. Recent in vitro studies have shown that MYH interacts with tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated death domain (TRADD), a key effector protein of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR1) signaling. The association between MYH and TRADD is reversed during tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)- and camptothecin (CPT)-induced apoptosis, and enhanced during TNF-α-induced survival. After investigating the role of MYH interacts with various proteins following TNF-α stimulation, here, we focus on MYH and TRADD interaction functions in necroptosis and its effects to related proteins. We report that the level of the MYH and TRADD complex was also reduced during necroptosis induced by TNF-α and zVAD-fmk. In particular, we also found that MYH is a biologically important necrosis suppressor. Under combined TNF-α and zVAD-fmk treatment, MYH-deficient cells were induced to enter the necroptosis pathway but primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were not. Necroptosis in the absence of MYH proceeds via the inactivation of caspase-8, followed by an increase in the formation of the kinase receptor- interacting protein 1 (RIP1)-RIP3 complex. Our results suggested that MYH, which interacts with TRADD, inhibits TNF-α necroptotic signaling. Therefore, MYH inactivation is essential for necroptosis via the downregulation of caspase-8. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1827-1838, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Organisationsprobleme im Ökomarketing

OpenAIRE

Dienel, Wolfram

2000-01-01

Organisationsprobleme im Ökomarketing - eine transaktionskostentheoretische Analyse im Absatzkanal konventioneller Lebensmittelhandel Die im Vergleich zum großen Nachfragepotential zögerliche Entwicklung des Ökomarkts in Deutschland ist auf Organisationsprobleme zurückzuführen. Die Organisationsprobleme behindern insbesondere die großskalige Ökomarkterschließung über die konventionellen Supermarktketten, erschweren aber auch die Effizienzsteigerung im kleiner strukturierten alternativen N...

Studies with 17 beta(16 alpha-[125I]iodo)-estradiol, an estrogen receptor-binding radiopharmaceutical, in rats bearing mammary tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gatley, S.J.; Shaughnessy, W.J.; Inhorn, L.; Leiberman, L.M.

1981-01-01

We have studied the distribution of 17 beta(16 alpha-[125I]iodo)-estradiol (I-E2) in tumor-bearing and normal rats. High early adrenal-to-blood ratios (up to 22 at 5 min) were seen in all groups, but this fell to six at 1 hr. Uterus-to-blood ratios of 15 were found, and these were fairly constant up to 2 hr after administration. Uptake of label in the uterus, but not in the adrenals, was sensitive to excess diethylstilbestrol, which competes with I-E2 for estrogen receptors. Mean tumor-to-blood ratios of 1.4, 5.5, and 8.7 were seen at 1 hr in rats with transplanted, spontaneous, and N-nitrosomethylurea-induced tumors, respectively. Diethylstilbestrol was shown to reduce uptake of label by spontaneous tumors. Most of the radioactivity was excreted in the bile by 1 hr. Better estrogen-receptor-binding radiopharmaceuticals can probably be designed

Faktor Penentu Pengembangan Industri Pengolahan Perikanan Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo melalui Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal

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Sayyidatu Ulish Shofa

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Wilayah bagian timur Kabupaten Sidoarjo memiliki potensi pengembangan sub sektor perikanan, khususnya Kecamatan Candi, Sedati, Sidoarjo, Buduran, Jabon, dan Waru. Potensi tersebut belum didukung pengembangan industri pengolahan perikanan secara optimal sehingga belum dapat memberikan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat. Industri pengolahan perikanan masih bersifat sederhana, marketshare terbatas, dan belum ada kemitraan usaha. Pendekatan pengembangan ekonomi lokal menjadi bentuk pengembangan yang cocok dalam permasalahan industri pengolahan perikanan di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan arahan pengembangan industri pengolahan perikanan di Kabupaten Sidoarjo melalui pengembangan ekonomi lokal. Pada penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai faktor penentu pengembangan industri melalui teknik analisis konten dan CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 6 faktor penentu pengembangan industri pengolahan perikanan, yaitu sumberdaya, kelembagaan, ekonomi, pasar dan pemasaran, transportasi, serta sarana dan prasarana pendukung pengolahan perikanan.

The effect of combining recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha with local radiation on tumor control probability of a human glioblastoma multiforme xenograft in nude mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Peigen; Allam, Ayman; Perez, Luis A.; Taghian, Alphonse; Freeman, Jill; Suit, Herman D.

1995-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate the antitumor activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-α) on a human glioblastoma multiforme (U87) xenograft in nude mice, and to study the effect of combining rHuTNF-α with local radiation on the tumor control probability of this tumor model. Methods and Materials: U87 xenograft was transplanted SC into the right hindleg of NCr/Sed nude mice (7-8 weeks old, male). When tumors reached a volume of about 110 mm 3 , mice were randomly assigned to treatment: rHuTNF-α alone compared with normal saline control; or local radiation plus rHuTNF-α vs. local radiation plus normal saline. Parameters of growth delay, volume doubling time, percentage of necrosis, and cell loss factor were used to assess the antitumor effects of rHuTNF-α on this tumor. The TCD 50 (tumor control dose 50%) was used as an endpoint to determine the effect of combining rHuTNF-α with local radiation. Results: Tumor growth in mice treated with a dose of 150 μg/kg body weight rHuTNF-α, IP injection daily for 7 consecutive days, was delayed about 8 days compared to that in controls. Tumors in the treatment group had a significantly longer volume doubling time, and were smaller in volume and more necrotic than matched tumors in control group. rHuTNF-α also induced a 2.3 times increase of cell loss factor. The administration of the above-mentioned dose of rHuTNF-α starting 24 h after single doses of localized irradiation under hypoxic condition, resulted in a significant reduction in TCD 50 from the control value of 60.9 Gy to 50.5 Gy (p 50 value in the treatment vs. the control groups

Cytokine production in the central nervous system of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: dynamics of mRNA expression for interleukin-10, interleukin-12, cytolysin, tumor necrosis factor alpha and tumor necrosis factor beta

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Issazadeh-Navikas, Shohreh; Ljungdahl, A; Höjeberg, B

1995-01-01

in cryosections of spinal cords using in situ hybridization technique with synthetic oligonucleotide probes. Three stages of cytokine mRNA expression could be distinguished: (i) interleukin (IL)-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-beta (= lymphotoxin-alpha) and cytolysin appeared early and before onset of clinical...... signs of EAE; (ii) TNF-alpha peaked at height of clinical signs of EAE; (iii) IL-10 appeared increasingly at and after clinical recovery. The early expression of IL-12 prior to the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA shown previously is consistent with a role of IL-12 in promoting...... proliferation and activation of T helper 1 (Th1) type cells producing IFN-gamma. The TNF-beta mRNA expression prior to onset of clinical signs favours a role for this cytokine in disease initiation. A pathogenic effector role of TNF-alpha was suggested from these observations that TNF-alpha mRNA expression...

Tumor Repression of VCaP Xenografts by a Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide

OpenAIRE

Hargrove, Amanda E.; Martinez, Thomas F.; Hare, Alissa A.; Kurmis, Alexis A.; Phillips, John W.; Sud, Sudha; Pienta, Kenneth J; Dervan, Peter B.

2015-01-01

Pyrrole-imidazole (Py-Im) polyamides are high affinity DNA-binding small molecules that can inhibit protein-DNA interactions. In VCaP cells, a human prostate cancer cell line overexpressing both AR and the TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion, an androgen response element (ARE)-targeted Py-Im polyamide significantly downregulates AR driven gene expression. Polyamide exposure to VCaP cells reduced proliferation without causing DNA damage. Py-Im polyamide treatment also reduced tumor growth in a VCaP mouse ...

ANALISA FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KENYAMANAN BERKENDARA PADA PENUMPANG KERETA API TAWANG JAYA MENGGUNAKAN STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING

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Diana Puspita Sari

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Kereta api merupakan salah satu moda transportasi dengan jumlah penumpang yang besar. Pengoperasian kereta api Tawang Jaya merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengakomodir rute perjalanan Semarang – Jakarta dan sebaliknya. Studi pendahuluan mencatat bahwa telah terjadi ketidaknyamanan pada kereta api Tawang Jaya yang diiringi dengan penurunan jumlah penumpang. Penurunan jumlah penumpang mungkin disebabkan karena ketidaknyamanan, sehingga banyak penumpang yang beraliih menggunakan moda transportasi lain atau kereta jenis lain. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan kenaikan jumlah penumpang kereta kelas bisnis dan eksekutif pada waktu yang bersamaan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi kenyamanan pada perjalanan kereta api Tawang Jaya dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM menggunakan software AMOS versi 21.0. Pendekatan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM digunakan untuk menjelaskan secara sistematis kenyamanan pelanggan kereta api melalui beberapa faktor (suasana kabin, tempat duduk, gejala mabuk perjalanan, faktor terowongan, keletihan dan kenyamanan berkendara serta menghitung pengaruh dari faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap kenyamanan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang secara langsung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kenyamanan berkendara adalah suasana kabin dengan bobot sebesar 0.60. Sementara itu faktor yang secara tidak langsung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kenyamanan berkendara melalui mediasi keletihan adalah tempat duduk dengan bobot sebesar 0.5394.   Kata kunci: kenyamanan; kereta api; structural equation modelling (SEM   Abstract   Railway is one of the transportation vehicle with a large number of passenger. The operation of Tawang Jaya Train is one way to accomodate the route of Semarang – Jakarta and reversed. The pilot study notes that discomfort problem has occured in Tawang Jaya Train and caused decreasing the number of passenger. Decrease in the number of passengers may be caused because of

Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha sensitize primarily resistant human endometrial stromal cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fluhr, Herbert; Krenzer, Stefanie; Stein, Gerburg M

2007-01-01

The subtle interaction between the implanting embryo and the maternal endometrium plays a pivotal role during the process of implantation. Human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) express Fas and the implanting trophoblast cells secrete Fas ligand (FASLG, FasL), suggesting a possible role for Fas......-mediated signaling during early implantation. Here we show that ESCs are primarily resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis independently of their state of hormonal differentiation. Pre-treatment of ESCs with interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha sensitizes them to become apoptotic upon stimulation...... of Fas by an agonistic anti-Fas antibody. Incubation of ESCs with the early embryonic signal human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, CGB) does not influence their reaction to Fas stimulation. The sensitizing effect of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha was accompanied by a significant upregulation of Fas and FLICE...

Faktor Demografis, Personality Traits, dan Overconfidence (Survey Terhadap Investor Saham di Yogyakarta

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Liring Dwi Utami

2016-06-01

Full Text Available AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor demografi, personality traits dan overconfidence pada Investor saham di Yogyakarta. Faktor demografis yang digunakan berupa jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan dan lama investasi sedangkan personality traits menggunakan the big five personality. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang disebar kepada 100 orang investor yang dipilih secara random. Sebanyak 87 kuesioner digunakan, sedangkan 13 lainnya didiskualifikasi karena jawaban kuesioner yang tidak lengkap. Data diolah menggunakan SPPS dengan alat ukur Chi Square dan Pearson Correlation. Hasil dari penelitian menemukan bahwa semua faktor demografi yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan lama investasi tidak berhubungan dengan overconfidence. Hasil lain menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif antara conscientiousness dengan overconfidence. Sedangkan extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism dan openness to experience tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan overconfidence.AbstractThis study aims to determine the relationship between demographic factors, personality traits, and overconfidence with stock investors in Yogyakarta. Demographic factors used are gender, age, education and time frame of holding, while the big five personality was used as a proxy of personality traits. This study used a questionnaire distributed to 100 randomly selected investors. A total of 87 questionnaires were used, while the other 13 were disqualified because of incomplete answers to the questionnaire. The data were processed using chi square and Pearson correlation. The results of the study found that all the demographic factors (age, gender, education and time frame holding had no association with overconfidence. Other results showed a positive relationship between conscientiousness with overconfidence. Whereas extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism and openness to experience were not related to overconfidence.

Läget i berggrummet : En kvalitativ undersökning av inverkande faktorer i arbetsmiljön på en byggarbetsplats i ett bergrum

OpenAIRE

Miladi, Lubna

2014-01-01

Strävan efter att minska risker för arbetsskador och uppnå en god arbetsmiljö är betydelsefull idag inte minst på byggarbetsplatser.   Syftet med examensarbetet var att, utifrån kartläggning av arbetsmiljön på en byggarbetsplats, belysa några faktorer som har inverkan på arbetsmiljön. Magisteruppsatsen har begränsats till att undersöka arbetsmiljön på en byggarbetsplats i ett bergrum. Några organisatoriska faktorer som säkerhetskultur, attityder, kunskap samt fysiska faktorer som belysning, b...

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI MENULAR SEKSUAL PADA PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DI LOKALISASI TELEJU PEKANBARU

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Raisyifa Raisyifa

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Predicted that 1 from 3 people in the world have been got IMS. From that amount, 3 millions more are happen in South East Asia, including Indonesia. Riau is got 11th ranking in HIV-AIDS case. Data on year 2008 founded 200 case of HIV-AIDS in Pekanbaru. In localization, only afew prostitute with IMS complaint that want to check their health to medical officer. The purpose of this research is to find out which kind of Factors that Related with Prevention Acts of Sexual Transmitted Infection on a Prostitutes (PSK in Teleja Localization, Pekanbaru City 2009. The methods of this research is used analytic with cross sectional study design. The Research population is All of prostitute in Related with Prevention Acts of Sexual Transmitted Infection on a Prostitutes (PSK in Teleju Localization, Pekanbaru City that amount to 500 people and 60 people are sample that take with Simple Random Sampling. The results of this research founded that 60% Prostitute (PSK not doing prevention action as well, 43.3% PSk are low education about IMS. 46. 7% PSK still have negative attitude to IMS, 46.7% are new worker as prostitute in Teleju Localization. From bivariat analysis founded there is a significant relation between prevention action with knowledge level (p— 0,003, attitude (p=0,022 and work duration as a prostitute (p—0,036, and not founded a relation between prevention action with education level of prostitute (p=0,436. Suggested to medical officer and Self Reliance Foundation (LSM that are related to give a knowledge about IMS to prostitute and ask to the procures and prostitute to oblige a condom utilizing to all customers in every house to press a IMS distribution in Teleju localization. To other researcher than can take a knowledge from this research and could be completed a lack of this research.

The vitamin E analog, alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic acid enhances the anti-tumor activity of trastuzumab against HER2/neu-expressing breast cancer

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Penichet Manuel L

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background HER2/neu is an oncogene that facilitates neoplastic transformation due to its ability to transduce growth signals in a ligand-independent manner, is over-expressed in 20-30% of human breast cancers correlating with aggressive disease and has been successfully targeted with trastuzumab (Herceptin®. Because trastuzumab alone achieves only a 15-30% response rate, it is now commonly combined with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. While the combination of trastuzumab plus chemotherapy has greatly improved response rates and increased survival, these conventional chemotherapy drugs are frequently associated with gastrointestinal and cardiac toxicity, bone marrow and immune suppression. These drawbacks necessitate the development of new, less toxic drugs that can be combined with trastuzumab. Recently, we reported that orally administered alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic acid (α-TEA, a novel ether derivative of alpha-tocopherol, dramatically suppressed primary tumor growth and reduced the incidence of lung metastases both in a transplanted and a spontaneous mouse model of breast cancer without discernable toxicity. Methods In this study we examined the effect of α-TEA plus HER2/neu-specific antibody treatment on HER2/neu-expressing breast cancer cells in vitro and in a HER2/neu positive human xenograft tumor model in vivo. Results We show in vitro that α-TEA plus anti-HER2/neu antibody has an increased cytotoxic effect against murine mammary tumor cells and human breast cancer cells and that the anti-tumor effect of α-TEA is independent of HER2/neu status. More importantly, in a human breast cancer xenograft model, the combination of α-TEA plus trastuzumab resulted in faster tumor regression and more tumor-free animals than trastuzumab alone. Conclusion Due to the cancer cell selectivity of α-TEA, and because α-TEA kills both HER2/neu positive and HER2/neu negative breast cancer cells, it has the potential to be effective and

Immunostimulatory effects of natural human interferon-alpha (huIFN-alpha) on carps Cyprinus carpio L.

Science.gov (United States)

Watanuki, Hironobu; Chakraborty, Gunimala; Korenaga, Hiroki; Kono, Tomoya; Shivappa, R B; Sakai, Masahiro

2009-10-15

Human interferon-alpha (huIFN-alpha) is an important immunomodulatory substance used in the treatment and prevention of numerous infectious and immune-related diseases in animals. However, the immunostimulatory effects of huIFN-alpha in fish remain to be investigated. In the current study, the immune responses of the carp species Cyprinus carpio L. to treatment with huIFN-alpha were analyzed via measurement of superoxide anion production, phagocytic activity and the expression of cytokine genes including interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 10. Low doses of huIFN-alpha were administered orally once a day for 3 days, and sampling was carried out at 1, 3 and 5 days post-treatment. Our results indicate that a low dose of huIFN-alpha significantly increased phagocytic activity and superoxide anion production in the carp kidney. The huIFN-alpha-treated fish also displayed a significant upregulation in cytokine gene expression. The current study demonstrates the stimulatory effects of huIFN-alpha on the carp immune system and highlights the immunomodulatory role of huIFN-alpha in fish.

Tumor metastatizado después de la radiación

OpenAIRE

Iglesias Rozas, José Rafael, 1942-

1986-01-01

Dos imágenes de un tumor metastatizado después de someterse a radiación en un paciente de 49 años. Two pictures of an metastasized tumor after it has gone through irradiation in a 49-year-old male patient.

Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and platelet-activating factor in neoangiogenesis induced by synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lupia, E; Montrucchio, G; Battaglia, E; Modena, V; Camussi, G

1996-08-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate in vivo in a mouse model the stimulation of neoangiogenesis by synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to determine the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the formation of new vessels. Angiogenesis was studied in a mouse model in which Matrigel, injected subcutaneously, was used as a vehicle for the delivery of potential angiogenic stimuli. Synovial fluids of patients with RA but not with osteoarthritis (OA) were shown to induce neoangiogenesis. Since synovial fluid of patients with RA contained significantly higher levels of TNF-alpha-like bioactivity and of PAF than that of patients with OA, the role of these mediators was evaluated by using an anti-TNF-alpha neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) and a PAF receptor antagonist, WEB 2170. When added to Matrigel, anti-TNF-alpha mAb and particularly WEB 2170 significantly reduced neoangiogenesis induced by synovial fluids of RA patients. Moreover, PAF extracted and purified from synovial fluid induced angiogenesis. These results suggest that the neoangiogenesis observed in rheumatoid synovitis may be due, at least in part, to the angiogenic effect of locally produced TNF-alpha and PAF.

ANALISIS FAKTOR HUBUNGAN PEMILIHAN KONSUMSI OBAT HERBAL PADA PASIEN HEMODIALISA LEBIH DARI TIGA BULAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN UREUM DAN KREATININ DI RUMAH SAKIT

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Jenny Saherna

2017-04-01

Full Text Available eyakinan, kerentanan, bahaya, manfaat, hambatan, isyarat dan self efficacy, ekonomi, fasilitas pelayanan terapi obat herbal, kemudahan mendapatkan obat herbal, informasi system pelayanan kesehatan pemerintah dan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan pemerintah mempengaruhi masyarakat dalam pemilihan konsumsi obat herbal. Penelitian ini menggunakan, desain cross sectional dengan desain penelitian analitik. Populasi pasien mengkonsumsi obat herbal dan hemodialisa lebih dari tiga bulan sebanyak 119, jumlah sampel responden gagal ginjal kronik dan hemodialisa rutin mengkonsumsi obat herbal berjumlah 19 responden. Tehnik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan, menggunakan cara non probability sampling jenis purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner serta observasi jadual kehadiran pasien menjalani terapi hemodialisa dan hasil laboratorium GFR, ureum dan kreatinin. Penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa analisis faktor hubungan pemilihan konsumsi obat herbal pada pasien hemodialisa lebih dari tiga bulan adalah faktor fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan pemerintah dengan nilai p = 0.169 dan α = 0.25. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan terhadap pemilihan konsumsi obat herbal pada pasien hemodialisa lebih dari tiga bulan terhadap peningkatan ureum dan kreatinin adalah faktor fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan pemerintah. lanjutkan penelitian tentang jenis dan kandungan herbal terhadap pengaruh faal ginjal .

ANALISIS EKSPRESI TRANSPORTER ZINK (ZNT-1 SEBAGAI FAKTOR PROGNOSIS ADENOKARSINOMA PROSTAT

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Feriandri Utomo

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Penurunan kadar Zink (Zn berkorelasi dengan peningkatan skor Gleason adenokarsinoma prostat, dan rendahnya Caspase-3 (eksekutor apoptosis. Ekspresi ZIP-1 (importer Zn turun pada adenokarsinoma prostat. Korelasi ZnT-1 (eksporter Zn, ZIP-1 dan Caspase-3 diduga berpotensi menjadi faktor prognosis adenokarsinoma prostat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis korelasi ekspresi ZnT-1, ZIP-1, Caspase-3 dan skor Gleason adenokarsinoma prostat. Studi retrospektif analitik potong lintang dilakukan pada 14 kasus adenokarsinoma prostat skor Gleason ≤7 dan 16 kasus dengan skor Gleason >7. Ekspresi ZnT-1 dinilai dengan metode imunohistokimia. Analisis tambahan dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi ZnT-1, ZIP-1 dan Caspase-3. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ZnT-1 pada skor Gleason >7 lebih rendah daripada skor Gleason ≤7. ZnT-1 berkorelasi dengan skor Gleason. ZnT-1 berkorelasi dengan ZIP-1 pada skor Gleason >7. ZIP-1 berkorelasi dengan Caspase-3 pada skor Gleason ≤7. ZIP-1 berkorelasi kuat dengan Caspase-3 pada skor Gleason 8. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan rendahnya ekspresi ZnT-1 dan ZIP-1 berpotensi menjadi faktor prognosis adenokarsinoma prostat.

Pemeliharaan Anjing oleh Masyarakat Kota Denpasar yang Berkaitan dengan Faktor Risiko Rabies

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Dorteany Mayani Kakang

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pemeliharaan anjing masyarakat Kota Denpasar yang berisiko terhadap penularan rabies serta pemahaman masyarakat tentang bahaya penyakit rabies. Metode yang dipakai adalah survei terhadap responden atau pemilik anjing di Kota Denpasar, meliputi tiga kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Denpasar Barat, Denpasar Timur dan Denpasar Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan 140 responden sebagai sampel yaitu 50 responden di Denpasar Barat, 60 responden di Denpasar Timur dan 30 responden di Denpasar Utara. Wawancara dilakukan dengan bantuan kuisioner (closed ended dan open ended. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan anjing masyarakat Kota Denpasar relatif baik namun ada sejumlah faktor risiko rabies yang perlu diwaspadai seperti anjing peliharaan berkontak dengan anjing lain, memelihara HPR (Hewan Pembawa Rabies selain anjing dan sistem pemeliharaan dengan cara dilepas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan anjing oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Kota Denpasar relatif baik. namun ada sejumlah faktor risiko rabies yang perlu diwaspadai seperti kontak dengan anjing lain, memelihara HPR lain dan pemeliharaan yang dilepasliarkan.

Isolated limb perfusion with tumor necrosis factor alpha and melphalan for locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma : Three time periods at risk for amputation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Ginkel, Robert J.; Thijssens, Katja M. J.; Pras, Elisabeth; van der Graaf, Winette T. A.; Suurmeijer, Albert J. H.; Hoekstra, Harald J.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term limb salvage rate and overall survival after isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with tumor necrosis factor alpha and melphalan for locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: From 1991 to 2003, 73 patients (36 men, 37 women,

Evaluation of Serum Levels of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Highly Sensitive C-Reactive Protein in Diabetic Children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdel-Messeih, PH.L.; El-safie, A.I.; Said, A.I.

2011-01-01

Recent evidence favours the primary role of cellular auto immunity and its humoral mediators in the pathogenesis and follow up of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 DM). The present study is carried out to investigate serum levels of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in children with type 1 DM. Potential role of body mass index (BMI) was evaluated. Circulating levels of TNF-alpha, PAPP-A and hs-CRP are significantly increased in children with type 1 DM as compared with healthy subjects suggesting activation of inflammatory immune response system. A significant negative correlation was obtained between TNF-alpha and BMI in diabetic patients. This is highly suggestive of the availability of these non invasive indices to help further examining type 1 DM pathophysiology and monitoring pharmacological interventions to interfere with disease development and progression.

Evaluation of accuracy and uncertainty of ELISA assays for the determination of interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borg, Lone; Kristiansen, Jesper; Christensen, Jytte M

2002-01-01

. However, models for establishing the traceability and uncertainty of immunoassay results are lacking. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed for determination of the human cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interferon-y (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha...... (TNF-alpha). The accuracy of each of the assays was evaluated in the ranges of 1-15 microg/l (IL-4), 0.001-1 microg/l (IL-5), 0.5-2.5 microg/l (IFN-T) and 0.14-2.2 microg/l (TNF-alpha). Other evaluated performance characteristics were the limit of detection (LOD), immunological specificity......) of the assessed ELISAs was found to be in the range of 11-18%, except for IL-5 where RSDA increased at decreasing concentrations. The LOD was 0.12 microg/l, 0.0077 microg/l, 0.0069 microg/l and 0.0063 microg/l for IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, respectively. Traceability to the WHO IS was established...

Effect of particle size on hydroxyapatite crystal-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha secretion by macrophages.

Science.gov (United States)

Nadra, Imad; Boccaccini, Aldo R; Philippidis, Pandelis; Whelan, Linda C; McCarthy, Geraldine M; Haskard, Dorian O; Landis, R Clive

2008-01-01

Macrophages may promote a vicious cycle of inflammation and calcification in the vessel wall by ingesting neointimal calcific deposits (predominantly hydroxyapatite) and secreting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, itself a vascular calcifying agent. Here we have investigated whether particle size affects the proinflammatory potential of hydroxyapatite crystals in vitro and whether the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB pathway plays a role in the macrophage TNFalpha response. The particle size and nano-topography of nine different crystal preparations was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and gas sorbtion analysis. Macrophage TNFalpha secretion was inversely related to hydroxyapatite particle size (P=0.011, Spearman rank correlation test) and surface pore size (P=0.014). A necessary role for the NF-kappaB pathway was demonstrated by time-dependent I kappaB alpha degradation and sensitivity to inhibitors of I kappaB alpha degradation. To test whether smaller particles were intrinsically more bioactive, their mitogenic activity on fibroblast proliferation was examined. This showed close correlation between TNFalpha secretion and crystal-induced fibroblast proliferation (P=0.007). In conclusion, the ability of hydroxyapatite crystals to stimulate macrophage TNFalpha secretion depends on NF-kappaB activation and is inversely related to particle and pore size, with crystals of 1-2 microm diameter and pore size of 10-50 A the most bioactive. Microscopic calcific deposits in early stages of atherosclerosis may therefore pose a greater inflammatory risk to the plaque than macroscopically or radiologically visible deposits in more advanced lesions.

Imaging of alpha(v)beta(3) expression by a bifunctional chimeric RGD peptide not cross-reacting with alpha(v)beta(5).

Science.gov (United States)

Zannetti, Antonella; Del Vecchio, Silvana; Iommelli, Francesca; Del Gatto, Annarita; De Luca, Stefania; Zaccaro, Laura; Papaccioli, Angela; Sommella, Jvana; Panico, Mariarosaria; Speranza, Antonio; Grieco, Paolo; Novellino, Ettore; Saviano, Michele; Pedone, Carlo; Salvatore, Marco

2009-08-15

To test whether a novel bifunctional chimeric peptide comprising a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp pentapeptide covalently bound to an echistatin domain can discriminate alpha(v)beta(3) from alpha(v)beta(5) integrin, thus allowing the in vivo selective visualization of alpha(v)beta(3) expression by single-photon and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The chimeric peptide was preliminarily tested for inhibition of alpha(v)beta(3)-dependent cell adhesion and competition of 125I-echistatin binding to membrane of stably transfected K562 cells expressing alpha(v)beta(3) (Kalpha(v)beta(3)) or alpha(v)beta(5) (Kalpha(v)beta(5)) integrin. The chimeric peptide was then conjugated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and labeled with 111In for single-photon imaging, whereas a one-step procedure was used for labeling the full-length peptide and a truncated derivative, lacking the last five C-terminal amino acids, with 18F for PET imaging. Nude mice bearing tumors from Kalpha(v)beta(3), Kalpha(v)beta(5), U87MG human glioblastoma, and A431 human epidermoid cells were subjected to single-photon and PET imaging. Adhesion and competitive binding assays showed that the novel chimeric peptide selectively binds to alpha(v)beta(3) integrin and does not cross-react with alpha(v)beta(5). In agreement with in vitro findings, single-photon and PET imaging studies showed that the radiolabeled chimeric peptide selectively localizes in tumor xenografts expressing alphavbeta3 and fails to accumulate in those expressing alpha(v)beta(5) integrin. When 18F-labeled truncated derivative was used for PET imaging, alphavbeta3- and alpha(v)beta(5)-expressing tumors were visualized, indicating that the five C-terminal amino acids are required to differentially bind the two integrins. Our findings indicate that the novel chimeric Arg-Gly-Asp peptide, having no cross-reaction with alphavbeta5 integrin, allows highly selective alphavbeta3 expression imaging and monitoring.

Characterization of a Canine Tetranucleotide Microsatellite Marker Located in the First Intron of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Gene

OpenAIRE

WATANABE, Masashi; TANAKA, Kazuaki; TAKIZAWA, Tatsuya; SEGAWA, Kazuhito; NEO, Sakurako; TSUCHIYA, Ryo; MURATA, Michiko; MURAKAMI, Masaru; HISASUE, Masaharu

2013-01-01

ABSTRACT A polymorphic tetranucleotide (GAAT)n microsatellite in the first intron of the canine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) gene was characterized in this study; 139 dogs were analyzed: 22 Beagles, 26 Chihuahuas, 20 Miniature Dachshunds, 24 Miniature Poodles, 22 Pembroke Welsh Corgis and 25 Shiba Inus. We detected the presence of the 4 alleles (GAAT)5, (GAAT)6, (GAAT)7 and (GAAT)8, including 9 of the 10 expected genotypes. The expected heterozygosity (He) and the polymorphic informatio...

Expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha in early-stage and in metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Ribeiro, Maisa; Teixeira, Sarah R; Azevedo, Monarko N; Fraga, Ailton C; Gontijo, Antônio Pm; Vêncio, Eneida F

2017-04-01

To investigate hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha expression in distinct oral squamous cell carcinoma subtypes and topographies and correlate with clinicopathological data. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 93 cases of OSCC. Clinical and histopathological data were reviewed from medical records. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha status was distinct according to tumor location, subtype and topography affect. In superficial oral squamous cell carcinomas, most tumor cells overexpressed hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha, whereas hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha was restricted to the intratumoral region in conventional squamous cell carcinomas. All basaloid squamous cell carcinomas exhibited downregulation of hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha. Interestingly, metastatic lymph nodes (91.7%, p = 0.001) and the intratumoral regions of corresponding primary tumors (58.3%, p = 0.142) showed hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha-positive tumor cells. Overall survival was poor in patients with metastatic lymph nodes. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha has distinct expression patterns in different oral squamous cell carcinoma subtypes and topographies, suggesting that low oxygen tension promotes the growth pattern of superficial and conventional squamous cell carcinoma, but not basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Indeed, a hypoxic environment may facilitate regional metastasis, making it a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker in primary tumors.

FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PDRB KABUPATEN / KOTA JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2008-2012

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Yozi Aulia Rahman

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi merupakan kondisi utama bagi kelangsungan pembangunan ekonomi daerah. Untuk mengukur kemajuan perekonomian daerah dengan mengamati seberapa besar laju pertumbuhan ekonomi yang dicapai daerah tersebut yang tercermin dari kenaikan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB. PDRBKabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah selama tahun 2008- 2012 mengalami pertumbuhan karena banyak yang mempengaruhinya, seperti: Tabungan, Kredit, PAD dan Belanja Daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar faktor-faktor tersebut mempengaruhi tingkat PDRB kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah selama tahun 2008-2012. Variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah PDRB, sedangkan variabel-variabel independen yaitu Tabungan, Kredit, Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD dan Belanja Daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda melalui metode OLS dengan menggunakan data    time series 2008  –2012 dan data crosssection 35 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah atau yang dimaksud dengan data panel. Pengujian model dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode FixedEffect. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa hasil analisis regresi pada α=5%menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial  variabel tabungan   dan kredit berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan variabel PAD, dan Belanja Daerah tidak signifikan terhadap PDRB kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2008–2012. High economic growth is the main condition for the continuation of regional economic development. To measure the progress of the regional economy, observation on the economyc growth rate in each area can be conducted. It is reflected in the increase of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP. The increase of GDP of regency/city in Central Java during the year of 2008- 2012 was influenced by several factors such as savings, credit, local generated revenue (PAD, and Expenditure. This study intends to analyze the affect of these factors to the level of GDP on districts

FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYIMPANGAN POSITIF (POSITIVE DEVIANCE STATUS GIZI BALITA PADA KELUARGA MISKIN DI KABUPATEN GIZI-KURANG RENDAH DAN TINGGI DI PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN (FACTORS OF POSITIVE DEVIANCE IN NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF UNDER-FIVES AMONG POOR FAMILY

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Erna Luciasari

2013-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Background: The amount of poor population in Jeneponto & Selayar districts, South Sulawesi, were relatively similar and higher than the national average. However, Janeponto had high prevalence in malnutrition among children under five (28%, whereas Selayar had low prevalence in malnutrition among children under five (11,31%. Objective: This research aims to measure positive deviance which affects nutrition status in two different districts with relative-similar poverty level as well as different nutrition deficiency prevalence. Method: This research is an advance analysis of Riskesdas 2007 data which targeted poor family with under-five-children as sample. As the first step, data verification is conducted to make sure data completeness. Analysis is done by using statistical description, whereas Chi square test is used to analyzing nutrition-status-factors difference between two districts. Result: Under-five-children nutrition status is highly affected by family socio-economy status which covers education level of parents, income, total of family member, access to clean water, environment hygiene and sanitation, and family morbidity. Conclusion: Positive deviation factor of less malnutrition nutritional status than high malnutrition in poor areas was the high parental education, the small number of household members, and ease of access to water.   Keywords: positive deviance, nutritional status, under-fives, poor family   ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Penduduk miskin di Kabupaten Jeneponto dan Selayar, Sulawesi Selatan, jumlahnya relatif sama dan lebih tinggi dari angka nasional. Namun, Jeneponto memiliki prevalensi balita gizi-kurang yang tinggi (28%, sedangkan Selayar memiliki prevalensi balita gizi-kurang yang rendah (11,3%. Tujuan: Menentukan faktor-faktor penyimpangan positif yang memengaruhi status gizi di dua kabupaten dengan tingkat kemiskinan relatif sama tetapi berprevalensi gizi kurang berbeda. Metode: Analisis lanjut data

'n Lied moet klink om gehoor te word ... : Faktore wat die resepsie ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

17 Apr 2013 ... The Authors. Licensee: AOSIS. OpenJournals. This work is licensed under the. Creative Commons. Attribution License. 'n Lied moet klink om gehoor te word ... : Faktore wat die resepsie van kerkliedere kan beïnvloed. A hymn must be sung to be heard ... : Aspects that could influence the reception of hymns.

Differential Effects of Self-Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use on Interleukin-1 Alpha and Tumor Necrosis Factor in African American Adults

OpenAIRE

Keen, Larry; Turner, Arlener D.; Callender, Clive; Campbell, Alfonso

2015-01-01

It is unknown how lifetime marijuana use affects different proinflammatory cytokines. The purpose of the current study is to explore potential differential effects of lifetime marijuana use on interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a community based sample. Participants included 168 African American adults (51% female, median age= 47 years). Upon study entry, blood was drawn and the participants completed questions regarding illicit drug use history whose answers were ...

Pediatric brain tumors; Kindliche Hirntumoren

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reith, W.; Bodea, S. [Universitaetsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik fuer Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Homburg/Saar (Germany); Muehl-Benninghaus, R.

2017-09-15

Brain tumors differ between children and adults both in histology and localization. Malignant gliomas and meningiomas predominate in adults while medulloblastomas and low-grade astrocytomas are the most frequent brain tumors in children. More than one half (50-70%) of pediatric brain tumors have an infratentorial location but only approximately 30% in adults. Brain tumors can be recognized in sonography, cranial computed tomography (CCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by their space-consuming character and by their divergent density and intensity in comparison to normal brain parenchyma. They can grow extrusively, even infiltrate the parenchyma or originate from it. Besides clinical symptoms and diagnostics this article describes the most common pediatric brain tumors, i.e. astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, brainstem glioma, craniopharyngioma, neurofibromatosis and ganglioglioma. The most important imaging criteria are outlined. (orig.) [German] Sowohl Histologie als auch Lokalisation von Hirntumoren unterscheiden sich bei Kindern und Erwachsenen. Waehrend maligne Gliome und Meningeome bei Erwachsenen vorherrschen, kommen bei Kindern ueberwiegend Medulloblastome und niedriggradige Astrozytome vor. Mehr als die Haelfte (50-70 %) aller kindlichen Hirntumoren sind infratentoriell lokalisiert, dagegen sind es bei Erwachsenen nur etwa 30 %. Im Ultraschall, in der kranialen CT (CCT) oder MRT koennen Hirntumoren durch ihren raumfordernden Charakter und ihrer zum normalen Parenchym abweichenden Dichte oder Signalintensitaet erkannt werden. Sie koennen verdraengend wachsen, z. T. auch das Parenchym infiltrieren oder von diesem ausgehen. Neben der klinischen Symptomatik und Diagnostik werden im vorliegenden Artikel die haeufigsten kindlichen Hirntumoren, das Astrozytom, Medulloblastom, Hirnstammgliom, Kraniopharyngeom, die Neurofibromatose und das Gangliogliom beschrieben. Die wichtigsten bildgebende Kriterien werden dargestellt. (orig.)

Gd-EDDA/HYNIC-RGD as an MR molecular probe imaging integrin {alpha}{nu}{beta}3 receptor-expressed tumor-MR molecular imaging of angiogenesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huo Tianlong [Peking University People' s Hospital, Radiology Department, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044 (China)], E-mail: huotianlong@bjmu.edu.cn; Du Xiangke [Peking University People' s Hospital, Radiology Department, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044 (China)], E-mail: duxk@263.net; Zhang Sen [Peking University People' s Hospital, Radiology Department, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044 (China)], E-mail: skagerrak_s@yahoo.com.cn; Liu Xia [Peking University People' s Hospital, Radiology Department, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044 (China)], E-mail: iamliuxia@126.com; Li Xubing [Peking University People' s Hospital, Radiology Department, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044 (China)], E-mail: lixb@bjmu.edu.cn

2010-02-15

Rationale and objective: The aim of this study is to develop a novel MR probe containing arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif for imaging integrin {alpha}{nu}{beta}3 receptor-expressed tumor. Materials and methods: Commercially available HYNIC-RGD conjugated with co-ligand EDDA was labeled with Gd{sup 3+}, and the mixture was isolated and purified by solid phase extract (SPE) to get the entire probe Gd-EDDA/HYNIC-RGD. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HHCC) cell line BEL-7402 was cultured and the cells harvested and suspended in serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) were subcutaneously inoculated into athymic nude mice for tumor growth. In vitro cell binding assay to integrin {alpha}{nu}{beta}3 receptor and cell viability experiments were conducted. The in vivo imaging of the three arms of xenografts were performed by MR scan with a dedicated animal coil at time points of 0, 30, 60, 90 min and 24-h post-intravenous injection (p.i.). Three arms of nude mice then were sacrificed for histological examination to confirm the imaging results. Results: Gd-EDDA/HYNIC-RGD was successfully isolated by SPE and validity was verified on signal enhancement through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The nude mice model bearing HHCC was well established. There was approx. 30% signal enhancement on T1WI FSE images at 90 min post-intravenous injection of the Gd-EDDA/HYNIC-RGD compared with baseline, and the signal to time curve is straightforward over time in the span of 0-90 min p.i., while the control arms do not show this tendency. Conclusion: Gd-EDDA/HYNIC-RGD has the potential to serve as an MR probe detecting integrin {alpha}{nu}{beta}3 receptor-expressed tumor.

Enhancement of human adaptive immune responses by administration of a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide extract from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensisTumor necrosis factor-alpha binding capacity and anti-infliximab antibodies measured by fluid-phase radioimmunoassays as predictors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lobner, M.; Walsted, A.; Larsen, R.

2008-01-01

tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-2, and interferon (IFN)-gamma was increased after Immunlina...... administration for 3 days (P alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-6 responses to TT were enhanced after 8 and 14 days (P ...) and fell below baseline levels after 14 days (P alpha...

An HRE-Binding Py-Im Polyamide Impairs Hypoxic Signaling in Tumors.

Science.gov (United States)

Szablowski, Jerzy O; Raskatov, Jevgenij A; Dervan, Peter B

2016-04-01

Hypoxic gene expression contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including organ fibrosis, age-related macular degeneration, and cancer. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF1), a transcription factor central to the hypoxic gene expression, mediates multiple processes including neovascularization, cancer metastasis, and cell survival. Pyrrole-imidazole polyamide 1: has been shown to inhibit HIF1-mediated gene expression in cell culture but its activity in vivo was unknown. This study reports activity of polyamide 1: in subcutaneous tumors capable of mounting a hypoxic response and showing neovascularization. We show that 1: distributes into subcutaneous tumor xenografts and normal tissues, reduces the expression of proangiogenic and prometastatic factors, inhibits the formation of new tumor blood vessels, and suppresses tumor growth. Tumors treated with 1: show no increase in HIF1α and have reduced ability to adapt to the hypoxic conditions, as evidenced by increased apoptosis in HIF1α-positive regions and the increased proximity of necrotic regions to vasculature. Overall, these results show that a molecule designed to block the transcriptional activity of HIF1 has potent antitumor activity in vivo, consistent with partial inhibition of the tumor hypoxic response. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 608-17. ©2015 AACR. ©2015 American Association for Cancer Research.

Loss of tumorigenic potential by human lung tumor cells in the presence of antisense RNA specific to the ectopically synthesized alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin.

Science.gov (United States)

Rivera, R T; Pasion, S G; Wong, D T; Fei, Y B; Biswas, D K

1989-06-01

A clonal strain of human lung tumor cells in culture (ChaGo), derived from a bronchogenic carcinoma, synthesizes and secretes large amounts of alpha (alpha) and a comparatively lower level of beta (beta) subunit of the glycoprotein hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). ChaGo cells lost their characteristic anchorage-independent growth phenotype in the presence of anti-alpha-HCG antibody. The effect of the antibody was partially reversed by addition of alpha-HCG to the culture medium. ChaGo cells were transfected with an expression vector (pRSV-anti-alpha-HCG), that directs synthesis of RNA complementary to alpha-HCG mRNA. The transfectants produced alpha-HCG antisense RNA which was associated with the reduced level of alpha-HCG. Transfectants also displayed several altered phenotypic properties, including altered morphology, less mitosis, reduced growth rate, loss of anchorage-independent growth, and loss of tumorigenicity in nude mice. Treatment of transfectants with 8,bromo-cAMP resulted in increased accumulation of alpha-HCG mRNA, no change in the level of alpha-HCG antisense RNA, release of the inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation, and restoration of anchorage-independent growth phenotype. The overexpression of c-myc, observed in ChaGo cells, was unaffected by the reduced level of alpha-HCG. These results suggest that ectopic synthesis of the alpha subunit of HCG plays a functional role in the transformation of these human lung cells.

ANALISIS SPASIAL FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN PADA KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KECAMATAN GENUK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kartika Kirana

2017-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Kecamatan Genuk merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang endemis DBD di Kota Semarang. Secara berturut-turut sejak tahun 2012 hingga 2014, Kecamatan Genuk masuk sebagai tiga besar kasus DBD terbanyak. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian DBD adalah faktor lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran dari hasil analisis spasial faktor lingkungan dengan kejadian DBD di Kecamatan Genuk. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Fokus penelitian ini adalah kondisi SPAL, penumpukan ban bekas dan sumur gali. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Genuk (Kelurahan Genuksari, Karangroto, Bangetayu Kulon dan Banjardowo pada bulan Maret 2016. Instrumen meliputi lembar observasi, peta lokasi, Global Positioning System (GPS, alat fotografi dan AcrGIS. Analisis data menggunakan SIG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian DBD menggerombol pada beberapa RW yang berdekatan dengan keberadaan penumpukan ban bekas sekitar permukiman dan sumur gali terbuka.   Kata Kunci        : demam berdarah (DBD, lingkungan, analisis spasial     ABSTRACT Genukis one of dengue fever endemic district in Semarang city. Since 2012 until 2014, Genuk involve as the place that has high incidence of Dengue Fever. One of the factors in the incidence Dengue Fever areenvironmental factors.The goals of this research wasto analize spatial environmental factorsin the incidence Dengue Fever in Genukdistrict. This was a quantitative descriptive research with descriptive survey. The unit this research was water puddle on the pilling of the tire, the dug wells, and waste water pipeline that located in Genuk District (Subdistrict of Genuksari, Karangroto, Bangetayu Kulon and Banjardowo at March 2016. The instruments were paper of observation,the  map, GPS, camera and ArcGIS. Data was analyzed with GIS. The study showed that dengue fever transmission was inthe area with pilling of the tire, and the dug wells.   Keywords �

Potent, selective, orally bioavailable inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE): discovery of indole, benzofuran, imidazopyridine and pyrazolopyridine P1' substituents.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Zhonghui; Ott, Gregory R; Anand, Rajan; Liu, Rui-Qin; Covington, Maryanne B; Vaddi, Krishna; Qian, Mingxin; Newton, Robert C; Christ, David D; Trzaskos, James; Duan, James J-W

2008-03-15

Potent and selective inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) were discovered with several new heterocyclic P1' groups in conjunction with cyclic beta-amino hydroxamic acid scaffolds. Among them, the pyrazolopyridine provided the best overall profile when combined with tetrahydropyran beta-amino hydroxamic acid scaffold. Specifically, inhibitor 49 showed IC(50) value of 1 nM against porcine TACE and 170 nM in the suppression of LPS-induced TNF-alpha of human whole blood. Compound 49 also displayed excellent selectivity over a wide panel of MMPs as well as excellent oral bioavailability (F%>90%) in rat n-in-1 PK studies.

Alpha?fetoprotein elevation in NUT midline carcinoma: a case report

OpenAIRE

D?Ambrosio, Lorenzo; Palesandro, Erica; Moretti, Marina; Pelosi, Giuseppe; Fabbri, Alessandra; Carnevale Schianca, Fabrizio; Aglietta, Massimo; Grignani, Giovanni

2017-01-01

Background Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma is a rarely diagnosed and potentially under-recognized type of squamous carcinoma that is considered one of the most aggressive human solid tumors. Alpha-fetoprotein elevation has been associated with chronic liver diseases and a limited number of cancers. In particular, in presence of a mediastinal mass in a young man, alpha-fetoprotein elevation is considered nearly pathognomonic of a non-seminoma germ-cell tumor. Case presentatio...

Differential effect of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on the in vivo uptake of 14C-labeled polyamines and methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) by a rat prostate-derived tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heston, W.D.; Kadmon, D.; Covey, D.F.; Fair, W.R.

1984-01-01

The uptake of exogenously administered radiolabeled polyamines by a rat prostate-derived tumor line, the Dunning R3327 MAT-Lu, and various normal tissues was studied. Pretreatment of tumor cells in vitro with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a polyamine synthesis inhibitor, resulted in a markedly enhanced uptake of both [ 14 C]putrescine and [14 C]spermidine. The in vitro uptake of [ 14 C]putrescine by these cells was effectively inhibited by unlabeled spermine, spermidine, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,4-diaminopentane, and 1,4-diaminobutane, but less effectively by 1,4-diamino-2,3-butene and 1,4-diamino-2,3-butyne. The diamines, 1,3-diaminopropane and 1,2-diaminoethane, were ineffective in inhibiting [ 14 C]putrescine uptake in vitro into the R3327 MAT-Lu cell line. When tumor-bearing animals were pretreated with DFMO or with DFMO and 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate, the tumor and prostate uptake of [ 14 C]putrescine and [ 14 C]-cadaverine was enhanced but not substantially increased in other tissues. In contrast to the in vitro results, spermidine and spermine were not enhanced substantially by DFMO pretreatment into any tissue, and their uptake into the tumor actually decreased. Ethylenediamine, which does not utilize the polyamine transport system, did not have its uptake increased into any tissue following DFMO pretreatment. The chemotherapeutic agent, methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), which utilizes the polyamine transport system for uptake into cells, exhibited uptake behavior different from that of the polyamines

Differential effect of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on the in vivo uptake of 14C-labeled polyamines and methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) by a rat prostate-derived tumor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heston, W.D.; Kadmon, D.; Covey, D.F.; Fair, W.R.

1984-03-01

The uptake of exogenously administered radiolabeled polyamines by a rat prostate-derived tumor line, the Dunning R3327 MAT-Lu, and various normal tissues was studied. Pretreatment of tumor cells in vitro with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a polyamine synthesis inhibitor, resulted in a markedly enhanced uptake of both (/sup 14/C)putrescine and (14 C)spermidine. The in vitro uptake of (/sup 14/C)putrescine by these cells was effectively inhibited by unlabeled spermine, spermidine, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,4-diaminopentane, and 1,4-diaminobutane, but less effectively by 1,4-diamino-2,3-butene and 1,4-diamino-2,3-butyne. The diamines, 1,3-diaminopropane and 1,2-diaminoethane, were ineffective in inhibiting (/sup 14/C)putrescine uptake in vitro into the R3327 MAT-Lu cell line. When tumor-bearing animals were pretreated with DFMO or with DFMO and 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate, the tumor and prostate uptake of (/sup 14/C)putrescine and (/sup 14/C)-cadaverine was enhanced but not substantially increased in other tissues. In contrast to the in vitro results, spermidine and spermine were not enhanced substantially by DFMO pretreatment into any tissue, and their uptake into the tumor actually decreased. Ethylenediamine, which does not utilize the polyamine transport system, did not have its uptake increased into any tissue following DFMO pretreatment. The chemotherapeutic agent, methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), which utilizes the polyamine transport system for uptake into cells, exhibited uptake behavior different from that of the polyamines.

Pengembangan Model Persediaan Continuous Review dengan All-Unit Discount dan Faktor Kadaluwarsa

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Cherish Rikardo

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Paper ini membahas suatu model matematika untuk suatu sistem persediaan dengan mempertimbangkan adanya all-unit discount dan faktor kadaluwarsa. Permintaan barang bersifat deterministik yang merupakan fungsi dari waktu dan bergantung pada jumlah persediaan yang ada (inventory dependent demand, laju kadaluwarsa barang juga bergantung pada waktu dan tidak ada lead time. Model yang dibahas merupakan pengembangan dari Nagare dan Dutta [9] dengan menambah faktor all-unit discount dan laju kadaluwarsa yang bergantung pada waktu. Dari model yang dikembangkan akan ditentukan kuantitas pemesanan (economic order quantity dan waktu antar pemesanan yang optimum yang meminimumkan total biaya persediaan tahunan. Algoritma penentuan solusi optimum dari model yang dikembangkan dan contoh numerik sebagai ilustrasi dari permasalahan persediaan ini diberikan. Analisis sensitivitas model dengan melihat pengaruh laju kadaluwarsa dan laju permintaan terhadap kuantitas dan waktu antar pemesanan yang optimal juga diberikan. Dari hasil analisis sensitivitas diperoleh bahwa semakin besar laju kadaluwarsa, maka waktu antar pemesanan menjadi semakin singkat dan kuantitas pemesanan menjadi semakin sedikit.  Hal yang sama terjadi jika laju permintaan barang semakin besar.   Kata kunci:  Persediaan, kadaluwarsa, all-unit discount.

Model Pengendalian Faktor Risiko Stunting pada Anak Bawah Tiga Tahun

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Erna Kusumawati

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Stunting merupakan masalah gizi, terbukti data pemantauan status gizi Kabupaten Banyumas 2012 prevalensi stunting sebesar 28,37% dan prevalensi tertinggi (41,6% di Puskesmas Kedungbanteng. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor risiko terkait faktor anak, ibu, lingkungan terhadap stunting bawah tiga tahun (batita agar dapat dikembangkan model pengendaliannya. Penelitian menggunakan desain kasus kontrol, populasi adalah seluruh anak usia 6 sampai 36 bulan di Puskesmas Kedungbanteng Kabupaten Banyumas selama enam bulan tahun 2013. Sampel kasus adalah 50 batita stunting, sampel kontrol adalah 50 batita status normal. Teknik pengambilan sampel kasus diambil dari tujuh desa yang terbanyak stuntingnya, sedangkan kontrol adalah batita normal tetangga terdekat kasus dengan usia yang disamakan. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan pengukuran. Analisis data univariat, bivariat (uji kai kuadrat, dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menemukan karakteristik batita stunting terkena penyakit infeksi (82%, riwayat panjang badan lahir < 48 centimeter (66%, riwayat pemberian ASI dan makanan pendamping ASI kurang baik (66%, riwayat berat badan lahir rendah (8%. Pada penelitian ini, faktor risiko stunting adalah penyakit infeksi, pelayanan kesehatan, immunisasi, pengetahuan ibu, pendapatan keluarga, ketersediaan pangan keluarga, dan sanitasi lingkungan. Faktor yang paling dominan adalah penyakit infeksi. Model pengendalian stunting melalui peningkatan pemberdayaan keluarga terkait pencegahan penyakit infeksi, memanfaatkan pekarangan sebagai sumber gizi keluarga dan perbaikan sanitasi lingkungan. Model of Stunting Risk Factor Control among Children under Three Years Old Stunting is a nutritional problem, proved by the evidence of nutritional status monitoring at Banyumas District in 2012, the prevalence of stunting was 28.37% and the highest prevalence 41.6% at Kedungbanteng Primary Health Care. This study aimed to analyze risk factors

Regulation of human lung fibroblast C1q-receptors by transforming growth factor-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

Science.gov (United States)

Lurton, J; Soto, H; Narayanan, A S; Raghu, G

1999-03-01

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are two polypeptide mediators which are believed to play a role in the evolution of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We have evaluated the effect of these two substances on the expression of receptors for collagen (cC1q-R) and globular (gC1q-R) domains of C1q and on type I collagen in human lung fibroblasts. Two fibroblast subpopulations differing in C1q receptor expression were obtained by culturing human lung explants in medium containing fresh human serum and heated plasma-derived serum and separating them based on C1q binding [Narayanan, Lurton and Raghu: Am J Resp Cell Mol Biol. 1998; 17:84]. The cells, referred to as HH and NL cells, respectively, were exposed to TGF-beta and TNF-alpha in serum-free conditions. The levels of mRNA were assessed by in situ hybridization and Northern analysis, and protein levels compared after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. NL cells exposed to TGF-beta and TNF-alpha contained 1.4 and 1.6 times as much cC1q-R mRNA, respectively, whereas in HH cells cC1q-R mRNA increased 2.0- and 2.4-fold. The gC1q-R mRNA levels increased to a lesser extent in both cells. These increases were not reflected in protein levels of CC1q-R and gC1q-R, which were similar to or less than controls. Both TGF-beta and TNF-alpha also increased procollagen [I] mRNA levels in both cells. Overall, TNF-alpha caused a greater increase and the degree of response by HH fibroblasts to both TGF-beta and TNF-alpha was higher than NL cells. These results indicated that TGF-beta and TNF-alpha upregulate the mRNA levels for cC1q-R and collagen and that they do not affect gC1q-R mRNA levels significantly. They also indicated different subsets of human lung fibroblasts respond differently to inflammatory mediators.

The short-term effects of treatment of chronic periodontitis on circulating levels of endotoxin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6.

Science.gov (United States)

Ide, Mark; Jagdev, Daljit; Coward, Paula Y; Crook, Martin; Barclay, G Robin; Wilson, Ron F

2004-03-01

The acute-phase response involves molecules including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP). This study aimed to determine whether subgingival scaling resulted in rapid changes in plasma concentrations of these molecules. Twenty-three non-smoking adults with chronic periodontitis received subgingival scaling for 60 minutes. Venous blood samples were taken at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were assayed from all samples and CRP from the baseline and final samples. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was assayed at 0, 15, and 30 minutes using limulus lysate assay (LAL) and EndoCAb Ig assays. LPS assays were suggestive of a transient low-grade bacteremia, but changes in LPS approaching significance (P=0.061) were seen with LAL only. There was a significant increase in circulating TNF-alpha (P=0.0387) and IL-6 (Pperiodontal breakdown (P=0.001). There was also a significant correlation between levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha (Pperiodontitis patients undergoing an episode of subgingival scaling show a significant elevation in circulating TNF-alpha and IL-6. This may account for anecdotal reports of pyrexia following treatment and may be significant in terms of the relationship between periodontal disease, bacteremia, and cardiovascular disease.

Faktor-faktor yang BerhubungandenganKetepatan Diagnosis Bidan Dalam Merujuk Pasien Kasus Kehamilan dan Persalinan Risiko Tinggi Ke RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau Tahun 2014

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Desmariyanti .

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Ketepatan diagnosis merupakan ketepatan pendiagnosaan suatu kasus yang ditegakkan oleh petugas kesehatan dan telah memenuhi standar nomenklatur diagnosis. Bidan yang melakukan rujukan kehamilan dan persalinan risiko tinggi ke RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau pada tahun 2014 sebanyak 210 kasus, dan yang tidak tepat mendiagnosis sebanyak 35 kasus (17%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ketepatan diagnosis bidan dalam merujuk pasien kasus kehamilan dan persalinan risiko tinggi yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, kompetensi, masa kerja dan bidan delima. Penelitian yang digunakan bersifat kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan studi penampang analitik (analitic crosssectional study. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi square, dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 orang yang diambil secara total populasi.Hasil penelitian diperoleh variabel yang berhubungan dengan ketepatan diagnosis bidan dalam merujuk pasien kasus kehamilan dan persalinan risiko tinggi adalah pengetahuan (OR:4,656; 95%CI: 1,200-18,064, kompetensi (OR:11,834; 95%CI: 1,371-102,141, dan masa kerja (OR:10,887; 95%CI: 2,657-44,602. Disarankan sebaiknya bidan mengikuti pelatihan APN, memiliki masa kerja yang optimal dan keterampilan dalam mengolah kasus kehamilan dan persalinan risiko tinggi, dan mengikuti seminar, workshop, pelatihan ataupun kegiatan yang dapat menambah ilmu pengetahuan khususnya ketepatan diagnosis kehamilan dan persalinan risiko tinggi

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression increases during colorectal carcinogenesis and tumor progression

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simiantonaki, Nektaria; Taxeidis, Marios; Jayasinghe, Caren; Kurzik-Dumke, Ursula; Kirkpatrick, Charles James

2008-01-01

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is involved in processes promoting carcinogenesis of many tumors. However, its role in the development of colorectal cancer is unknown. To investigate the significance of HIF-1α during colorectal carcinogenesis and progression we examined its expression in precursor lesions constituting the conventional and serrated pathways, as well as in non-metastatic and metastatic adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot is used to analyse HIF-1α expression in normal colonic mucosa, hyperplastic polyps (HPP), sessile serrated adenomas (SSA), low-grade (TA-LGD) and high-grade (TA-HGD) traditional adenomas as well as in non-metastatic and metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas. Eight colorectal carcinoma cell lines are tested for their HIF-1α inducibility after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation using western blot and immunocytochemistry. In normal mucosa, HPP and TA-LGD HIF-1α was not expressed. In contast, perinuclear protein accumulation and nuclear expression of HIF-1α were shown in half of the examined SSA and TA-HGD. In all investigated colorectal carcinomas a significant nuclear HIF-1α overexpression compared to the premalignant lesions was observed but a significant correlation with the metastatic status was not found. Nuclear HIF-1α expression was strongly accumulated in perinecrotic regions. In these cases HIF-1α activation was seen in viable cohesive tumor epithelia surrounding necrosis and in dissociated tumor cells, which subsequently die. Enhanced distribution of HIF-1α was also seen in periiflammatory regions. In additional in vitro studies, treatment of diverse colorectal carcinoma cell lines with the potent pro-inflammatory factor lipopolysaccharide (LPS) led to HIF-1α expression and nuclear translocation. We conclude that HIF-1α expression occurs in early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis and achieves a maximum in the invasive stage independent of the metastatic status. Perinecrotic

The serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha is not an index of growth-hormone- or obesity-induced insulin resistance.

Science.gov (United States)

Pincelli, A I; Brunani, A; Scacchi, M; Dubini, A; Borsotti, R; Tibaldi, A; Pasqualinotto, L; Maestri, E; Cavagnini, F

2001-01-01

The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) might play a central role in insulin resistance, a frequent correlate of obesity likely contributing to some obesity-associated complications. Adult growth hormone (GH) deficiency syndrome (GHDA) shares with obesity excessive fat mass, hyperlipidemia, increased cardiovascular risk, and insulin resistance. On the other hand, GH has been shown to induce transient deterioration of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance when administered in normal humans and in GHDA patients. No information is presently available on the relationship between serum TNF-alpha levels and insulin sensitivity in GHDA. We compared the serum TNF-alpha levels found in 10 GHDA patients before and after a 6-month recombinant human GH therapy (Genotropin), in an insulin resistance prone population of 16 obese (OB) patients and in 38 normal-weight healthy blood donors (controls). The insulin sensitivity was assessed by a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp in all the GHDA patients and in 10 OB and in 6 control subjects. The serum TNF-alpha levels were not significantly different in OB patients (42.2 +/- 12.81 pg/ml), in GHDA patients at baseline (71.3 +/- 23.97 pg/ml), and in controls (55.3 +/- 14.28 pg/ml). A slight decrease of TNF-alpha values was noted in GHDA patients after 6 months of recombinant human GH treatment (44.5 +/- 20.19 pg/ml; NS vs. baseline). The insulin sensitivity (M) was significantly reduced in OB patients (2.4 +/- 0.30 mg/kg/min) as compared with control subjects (7.5 +/- 0.39 mg/kg/min) and in GHDA patients both at baseline (6.6 +/- 0.6 mg/kg/min) and after recombinant human GH therapy (5.6 +/- 0.7 mg/kg/min). The insulin sensitivity in the GHDA patients, similar to that of controls at baseline, worsened after recombinant human GH treatment (p < 0.05 vs. baseline; p = 0.05 vs. controls). Linear regression analysis showed no correlation between TNF-alpha and M values (see text) in all patient groups. These data indicate

Emergency surgery due to complications during molecular targeted therapy in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rutkowski, P.; Nowecki, Z. I.; Dziewirski, W.; Ruka, W.; Siedlecki, J. A.; Grzesiakowska, U.

2010-01-01

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and results of disease/treatment-related emergency operations during molecular targeted therapy of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods. We analyzed emergency operations in patients with metastatic/inoperable GISTs treated with 1 st -line imatinib - IM (group I: 232 patients; median follow-up time 31 months) and 2 nd -line sunitinib - SU (group II: 43 patients; median follow-up 13 months; 35 patients in trial A6181036) enrolled into the Polish Clinical GIST Registry. Results. In group I 3 patients (1.3%) underwent emergency surgery due to disease/treatment related complications: one due to bleeding from a ruptured liver tumor (1 month after IM onset) and two due to bowel perforation on the tumor with subsequent intraperitoneal abscess (both 2 months after IM onset). IM was restarted 5-8 days after surgery and no complications in wound healing were observed. In group II 4 patients (9.5%) underwent emergency operations due to disease/treatment related complications: three due to bowel perforations on the tumor (2 days, 20 days and 10 months after SU onset; 1 subsequent death) and one due to intraperitoneal bleeding from ruptured, necrotic tumor (3.5 months after SU start). SU was restarted 12-18 days after surgery and no complications in wound healing were observed. Conclusions. Emergency operations associated with disease or therapy during imatinib treatment of advanced GISTs are rare. The frequency of emergency operations during sunitinib therapy is considered to be higher than during first line therapy with imatinib which may be associated with more advanced and more resistant disease or to the direct mechanism of sunitinib action, i.e. combining cytotoxic and antiangiogenic activity and thus leading to dramatic tumor response. Molecular targeted therapy in GISTs should always be conducted in cooperation with an experienced surgeon. (authors)

FAKTOR PENENTU STUNTING ANAK BALITA PADA BERBAGAI ZONA EKOSISTEM DI KABUPATEN KUPANG

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Firmanu Cahyono

2016-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to analyze difference and compare the determinants of stunting among under five years children considering different ecosystem in Kupang. It is an observational study using case control of under five children with and without stunting. There were 132 subjects chosen from lowland, middleland region, and mountainous ecosystem zones. Data was analyzed using Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis. The analysis resumes that determinants of stunting in lowland area is energy intake (p=0.002; OR=0.059; 95%CI:0.010-0.359, energy intake is a protective factor, in the middleland region is love and cares (p=0.002; OR=9.247; 95%CI:2.213-38.644 and sanitation (p=0.046; OR=2.832; 95%CI:1.020-7.860. Furthermore, the environmental sanitation as the factor in mountainous area (p=0.034; OR=3.978; 95%CI:1.112-14.230. The impact of stunting if left untreated will cause problems for generation in the future, for example impairment of mental development and physical growth, and it will end in poverty and the threat of life survival, so it need a proper intervention to handle it.Keywords: determinants, ecosystem zone, stuntingABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis gambaran dan membandingkan pengaruh variabel faktor penentu stunting anak balita pada berbagai zona ekosistem di Kabupaten Kupang. Jenis penelitian menggunakan desain observational dengan rancangan case control antara kelompok balita stunting dan normal. Jumlah subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 132 subjek yang terbagi pada tiga zona ekosistem dataran rendah, dataran sedang, dan pegunungan pada bulan Maret 2015. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Analisis Regresi Logistik Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor penentu stunting pada zona ekosistem di Kabupaten Kupang adalah sanitasi lingkungan (p=0,002; OR=2,307; 95%CI:0,120-0,721, dan kejadian sakit (p=0,007; OR=0,294; 95%CI:0,120-0,721; di zona ekosistem dataran rendah adalah asupan energi (p=0,002; OR=0

The redox protein thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) increases hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha protein expression: Trx-1 overexpression results in increased vascular endothelial growth factor production and enhanced tumor angiogenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Welsh, Sarah J; Bellamy, William T; Briehl, Margaret M; Powis, Garth

2002-09-01

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a heterodimer of HIF-1alpha and HIF-1beta subunits, is a transcriptional activator central to the cellular response to low oxygen that includes metabolic adaptation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and inhibited apoptosis. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is a small redox protein overexpressed in a number of human primary tumors. We have examined the effects of Trx-1 on HIF activity and the activation of downstream genes. Stable transfection of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells with human Trx-1 caused a significant increase in HIF-1alpha protein levels under both normoxic (20% oxygen) and hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions. Trx-1 increased hypoxia-induced HIF-1 transactivation activity measured using a luciferase reporter under the control of the hypoxia response element. Changes in HIF-1alpha mRNA levels did not account for the changes observed at the protein level, and HIF-1beta protein levels did not change. Trx-1 transfection also caused a significant increase in the protein products of hypoxia-responsive genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide synthase 2 in a number of different cell lines (MCF-7 human breast and HT29 human colon carcinomas and WEHI7.2 mouse lymphoma cells) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The pattern of expression of the different isoforms of VEGF was not changed by Trx-1. Transfection of a redox-inactive Trx-1 (C32S/C35S) markedly decreased levels of HIF-1alpha protein, HIF-1 transactivating activity, and VEGF protein in MCF-7 cells compared with empty vector controls. In vivo studies using WEHI7.2 cells transfected with Trx-1 showed significantly increased tumor VEGF and angiogenesis. The results suggest that Trx-1 increases HIF-1alpha protein levels in cancer cells and increases VEGF production and tumor angiogenesis.

Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Waktu Tanggap pada Pelayanan Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2013

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Nailatul Fadhilah

2015-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakPenanganan kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas membutuhkan pelayanan yang cepat, tanggap, dan tepat. Salah satu indikator pelayanan tersebut adalah waktu tanggap pada pelayanan pasien di IGD. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan waktu tanggap pada pelayanan kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas di IGD RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei hingga Desember 2013 di IGD RSUP Dr. M. Djamil dengan desain penelitian studi cross-sectional. Pengambilan data menggunakan lembaran observasi dan diberikan kepada 60 orang pasien kecelakaan lalu lintas yang dipilih secara acak. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji silang dengan tingkat kemaknaan p = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 70% memiliki waktu tanggap yang tepat, dimana rata-rata waktu tanggap adalah 6 menit 15 detik. Sebagian besar pasien kecelakaan lalu lintas berada dalam keadaan gawat tidak darurat atau triase kuning (80%. Pada sebagian besar kasus petugas berada di meja triase saat pasien datang (86,67%. Sebagian besar pasien dibawa ke triase dari pintu masuk IGD dengan brankar (86,67%. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kegawatan pasien, keberadaan petugas yang bersiaga di triase, dan ketersediaan brankar dengan ketepatan waktu tanggap.Kata kunci: waktu tanggap, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, kecelakaan lalu lintas, IGDAbstractTraffic accident cases management requires prompt, responsive, and precise service. Time response is one of several indicators of ER patient service. The aim of this study is to observe the factors that related to time response of traffic accident case management in Emergency Department of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang. This cross-sectional study was conducted between May and December 2013 by using observational sheet which is distributed to 60 randomly chosen from traffic accident patients in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital. Crosstab analysis was used to

Medicinal flowers. XXVII. New flavanone and chalcone glycosides, arenariumosides I, II, III, and IV, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors from everlasting, flowers of Helichrysum arenarium.

Science.gov (United States)

Morikawa, Toshio; Wang, Li-Bo; Nakamura, Seikou; Ninomiya, Kiyofumi; Yokoyama, Eri; Matsuda, Hisashi; Muraoka, Osamu; Wu, Li-Jun; Yoshikawa, Masayuki

2009-04-01

The methanolic extract from the flowers of Helichrysum arenarium L. MOENCH was found to show inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 1 ng/ml)-induced cytotoxicity in L929 cells. From the methanolic extract, 50 constituents including four new flavanone and chalcone glycosides named arenariumosides I (1), II (2), III (3), and IV (4) were isolated. The stereostructures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Among the constituents, naringenin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (14), apigenin 7-O-gentiobioside (16), and apigenin 7,4'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (17) significantly inhibited TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity in L929 cells at 30 microM.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN VIA INTERNET PADA TOKO ONLINE

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Mujiyana Mujiyana

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian via internet pada Toko Online. Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang begitu pesat termasuk internet membawa dampak yang besar bagi segala aspek, tidak terkecuali perkembangan dunia bisnis dan pemasaran. Hal ini tidak aneh mengingat jumlah pengguna internet yang terus tumbuh pesat dapat menjadi sebuah pasar yang potensial untuk dimasuki para pebisnis. Di lain pihak, praktik e-commerce dan e-bisnis ternyata mempunyai banyak keuntungan baik bagi perusahaan atau pun konsumen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya program periklanan, pemasaran melaui E-mail dan Kepercayaan konsumen terhadap pemrosesan informasi serta pengaruhnya terhadap Keputusan Pembelian produk-produk yang dijual di Toko Online. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode uji validitas dan relibilitas, uji normalitas, uji penyimpangan asumsi klasik seperti uji multikolinieritas dan uji heteroskedastisitas dan uji regresi linier berganda seperti uji t, uji f dan uji korelasi berganda dan determinasi, Analisis model persamaan struktural (structural equestion metode. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah variabel program periklanan menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh yang besar terhadap variabel pemprosesan informasi dengan nilai 0,001 dan variabel pemprosesan informasi mempunyai pengaruh langsung terhadap keputusan pembelian dengan nilai 0,001. Mengindikasikan bahwa variabel independen berpengaruh signifikan secara positif pada tingkat signifikansi sebesar 5%. Kata Kunci : periklanan di Internet, keputusan pembelian, E-commerce   Abstract This study analyzes the influence of factors that affect the purchasing decision via the internet at Online stores. The development of rapid information technologies including the internet brings great impact for all aspects, no exception to business and marketing world. This is no surprise given the number of internet users continues to grow by

Inductive Monitoring System (IMS)

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — IMS: Inductive Monitoring System The Inductive Monitoring System (IMS) is a tool that uses a data mining technique called clustering to extract models of normal...

Targeted alpha therapy: Applications and current status

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bruchertseifer, Frank

2017-01-01

Full text: The field of targeted alpha therapy has been developed rapidly in the last decade. Besides 223 Ra, 211 At and 212 Pb/ 212 Bi the alpha emitters 225 Ac and 213 Bi are promising therapeutic radionuclides for application in targeted alpha therapy of cancer and infectious diseases. The presentation will give a short overview about the current clinical treatments with alpha emitting radionuclides and will place an emphasis on the most promising clinical testing of peptides and antibodies labelled with 225 Ac and 213 Bi for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with glioma and glioblastoma multiform, PSMA-positive tumor phenotype and bladder carcinoma in situ. (author)

Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan dan Perilaku Masyarakat dengan Keberadaan Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I N Gede Suyasa

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat penting di Indonesia dansering menimbulkan suatu kejadian luar biasa dengan kematian yang besar. Di Indonesia nyamuk penular (vektor penyakit DBDyang penting adalah Aedes aegypti Jenis penelitian cross sectional dengan besar sampel 90 KK.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan keberadaan vektor DBD adalah kepadatanpenduduk, mobilitas penduduk, keberadaan tempat ibadah, keberadaan pot tanaman hias, keberadaan saluran air hujan dan keberadaankontainer. Faktor perilaku masyarakat yang berhubungan dengan keberadaan vektor DBD adalah tindakan dan kebiasaanmenggantung pakaian.

Integrating IMS LD and IMS QTIv2 using CopperCore Service Integration

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vogten, Hubert

2006-01-01

Vogten, H. (2006). Integrating IMS LD and IMS QTIv2 using CopperCore Service Integration. Presentation at International Workshop in Learning Networks for Lifelong Competence Development. March, 30-31, 2006. Sofia, Bulgaria: TENCompetence Conference. Retrieved June 30th, 2006, from

Tumor necrosis factor alpha promotes the expression of immunosuppressive proteins and enhances the cell growth in a human bone marrow-derived stem cell culture

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miettinen, Johanna A., E-mail: johanna.miettinen@oulu.fi [Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland); Pietilae, Mika [Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland); Salonen, Riikka J. [Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland); Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland); Ohlmeier, Steffen [Proteomics Core Facility, Biocenter Oulu, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland); Ylitalo, Kari; Huikuri, Heikki V. [Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland); Lehenkari, Petri [Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu (Finland)

2011-04-01

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in experimental treatments for various conditions that involve normal tissue regeneration via inflammatory repair. It is known that MSCs can secrete multiple soluble factors and suppress inflammation. Even though the effect of MSCs on inflammation has been extensively studied, the effect of inflammation on MSCs is poorly understood. One of the major cytokines released at the site of inflammation is tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-{alpha}) which is known to induce MSC invasion and proliferation. Therefore, we wanted to test the effects of TNF-{alpha} exposure on MSCs derived from human bone marrow. We found, as expected, that cell proliferation was significantly enhanced during TNF-{alpha} exposure. However, according to the cell surface marker analysis, the intensity of several antigens in the minimum criteria panel for MSCs proposed by International Society of Cellular Therapy (ISCT) was decreased dramatically, and in certain cases, the criteria for MSCs were not fulfilled. In addition, TNF-{alpha} exposure resulted in a significant but transient increase in human leukocyte antigen and CD54 expression. Additional proteomic analysis by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry revealed three proteins whose expression levels decreased and 8 proteins whose expression levels increased significantly during TNF-{alpha} exposure. The majority of these proteins could be linked to immunosuppressive and signalling pathways. These results strongly support reactive and immunosuppressive activation of MSCs during TNF-{alpha} exposure, which might influence MSC differentiation stage and capacity.

Supernatants from Staphylococcus epidermidis grown in the presence of different antibiotics induce differential release of tumor necrosis factor alpha from human monocytes.

OpenAIRE

Mattsson, E; Van Dijk, H; Verhoef, J; Norrby, R; Rollof, J

1996-01-01

Bacterial products from gram-positive bacteria, such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, and toxins, activate mononuclear cells to produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF). The present study evaluated the release of soluble cell wall components from Staphylococcus epidermidis capable of inducing TNF after exposure of the bacteria to various antibiotics. A clinical S. epidermidis isolate (694) was incubated with either penicillin, oxacillin, vancomycin, or clindamycin at five times the MIC. Supe...

Chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha (infliximab in psoriasis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sridhar J

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Insights into the pathogenesis of psoriasis have provided opportunities to target key steps in the disease process. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a being crucial to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, monoclonal antibodies against this cytokine have proved useful in its treatment. Aim: To study the efficacy of chimeric monoclonal antibody to TNF-a (infliximab in Indian patients with recalcitrant psoriasis vulgaris. Materials and Methods: Three patients with recalcitrant psoriasis vulgaris were studied. Baseline haemogram, biochemical parameters, chest radiograph and Mantoux skin test were performed. A loading dose regimen of 5 mg/kg infliximab was administered at weeks 0, 2 and 6. PASI assessment, adverse drug event monitoring and laboratory assessments were carried out at 2-week intervals until week 10. Patients were followed up until week 22 for relapse. Results: Infliximab was well tolerated. The mean PASI was 25.4 at presentation and declined to 5.5 at 10 weeks. PASI 75 was attained at a mean of 9.6 weeks. Relapse occurred at a mean of 18.6 weeks after the first infusion. Conclusions: This study on Indian patients brings out the importance of cytokine-based therapies in psoriasis. Indigenous production could make these therapies a viable therapeutic option for psoriasis patients in the near future.

Faktor pada perilaku Ibu dalam pemberian MPASI anak 6–24 bulan di Puskesmas Perumnas, Kendari

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosnah .

2016-03-01

.22.Conclusion: The result of multivariate analysis showed that the factor most dominantly associated with the behavior inthe supply of complementary breastfeeding was education of mothers (p=0.012; OR=5,40.KEYWORDS: behavior, complementary breastfeeding, infants of 6 – 24 monthsABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Masalah gangguan pertumbuhan balita di Indonesia berkaitan dengan banyaknya bayi yang sudahdiberi makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI sejak usia kurang dari atau 1 bulan. Hal ini mengakibatkan prevalensi gizikurang dan buruk di Kecamatan Kadia cukup tinggi. Masalah gizi ini dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kemampuan menyediakanpangan sesuai dengan kebutuhan anggota keluarga, pengetahuan dan perilaku keluarga dalam memilih, mengolah,dan membagi makanan di tingkat rumah tangga. Permasalahan lain kurangnya perhatian ibu untuk memantau tumbuhkembang balitanya.Tujuan:  Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku ibu dalam pemberian MPASI pada anak usia6-24 bulan di Puskesmas Perumnas Kecamatan Kadia, Kota Kendari.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional, menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek adalah ibu balita yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Perumnas KecamatanKadia, Kota Kendari. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 97 subjek. Pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling. Datadikumpulkan dengan panduan wawancara mendalam dan dianalisis dengan Chi-Square dan uji regresi logistik berganda.Data kualitatif dianalisis secara manual dan disajikan dalam bentuk narasi.Hasil: Dari faktor-faktor predisposisi, yang mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan perilaku ibu dalam pemberian MPASIadalah pendidikan ibu (p=0,025; RP = 3,27, pendapatan per kapita keluarga (p=0,007; RP = 4,65, pengetahuan ibu(p= 0,05; RP= 2,75, dan sikap ibu (p = 0,027; RP=2,92 dengan perilaku pemberian MPASI. Dari faktor pendukung,partisipasi ibu ke posyandu mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan perilaku pemberian MPASI (p=0,008; RP=3,65,sedangkan dari faktor

Intratumoral IL-12 and TNF-alpha-loaded microspheres lead to regression of breast cancer and systemic antitumor immunity.

Science.gov (United States)

Sabel, Michael S; Skitzki, Joseph; Stoolman, Lloyd; Egilmez, Nejat K; Mathiowitz, Edith; Bailey, Nicola; Chang, Wen-Jian; Chang, Alfred E

2004-02-01

Local, sustained delivery of cytokines at a tumor can enhance induction of antitumor immunity and may be a feasible neoadjuvant immunotherapy for breast cancer. We evaluated the ability of intratumoral poly-lactic-acid-encapsulated microspheres (PLAM) containing interleukin 12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in a murine model of breast cancer to generate a specific antitumor response. BALB/c mice with established MT-901 tumors underwent resection or treatment with a single intratumoral injection of PLAM containing IL-12, TNF-alpha, or GM-CSF, alone or in combination. Two weeks later, lymph nodes and spleens were harvested, activated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and rhIL-2, and assessed for antitumor reactivity by an interferon gamma (IFNgamma) release assay. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) analysis was performed on days 2 and 5 after treatment by mechanically processing the tumors to create a single cell suspension, followed by three-color fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. Intratumoral injection of cytokine-loaded PLAM significantly suppressed tumor growth, with the combination of IL-12 and TNF-alpha leading to increased infiltration by polymorphonuclear cells and CD8+ T-cells in comparison with controls. The induction of tumor-specific reactive T-cells in the nodes and spleens, as measured by IFN-gamma production, was highest with IL-12 and TNF-alpha. This treatment resulted in resistance to tumor rechallenge. A single intratumoral injection of IL-12 and TNF-alpha-loaded PLAM into a breast tumor leads to infiltration by polymorphonuclear cells and CD8+ T-cells with subsequent tumor regression. In addition, this local therapy induces specific antitumor T-cells in the lymph nodes and spleens, resulting in memory immune response.

Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha reduces the outgrowth of hepatic micrometastasis of colorectal tumors in a mouse model of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Science.gov (United States)

Jiao, Shu-Fan; Sun, Kai; Chen, Xiao-Jing; Zhao, Xue; Cai, Ning; Liu, Yan-Jun; Xu, Long-Mei; Kong, Xian-Ming; Wei, Li-Xin

2014-01-08

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) often develop liver metastases, in which case surgery is considered the only potentially curative treatment option. However, liver surgery is associated with a risk of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, which is thought to promote the growth of colorectal liver metastases. The influence of IR-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) elevation in the process still is unknown. To investigate the role of TNF-α in the growth of pre-existing micrometastases in the liver following IR, we used a mouse model of colorectal liver metastases. In this model, mice received IR treatment seven days after intrasplenic injections of colorectal CT26 cells. Prior to IR treatment, either TNF-α blocker Enbrel or low-dose TNF-α, which could inhibit IR-induced TNF-α elevation, was administered by intraperitoneal injection. Hepatic IR treatment significantly promoted CT26 tumor growth in the liver, but either Enbrel or low-dose TNF-α pretreatment reversed this trend. Further studies showed that the CT26 + IR group prominently increased the levels of ALT and AST, liver necrosis, inflammatory infiltration and the expressions of hepatic IL-6, MMP9 and E-selectin compared to those of CT26 group. Inhibition of TNF-α elevation remarkably attenuated the increases of these liver inflammatory damage indicators and tumor-promoting factors. These findings suggested that inhibition of TNF-α elevation delayed the IR-enhanced outgrowth of colorectal liver metastases by reducing IR-induced inflammatory damage and the formation of tumor-promoting microenvironments. Both Enbrel and low-dose TNF-α represented the potential therapeutic approaches for the protection of colorectal liver metastatic patients against IR injury-induced growth of liver micrometastases foci.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUASAN KONSUMEN BERBELANJA ONLINE DI PROVINSI PULAU JAWA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Januar Israhmawan Putra

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Penggunaan internet di Indonesia yang tumbuh dengan pesat diikuti dengan banyak ber - munculan situs e-commerce yang merubah budaya dan gaya berbelanja masyarakat menjadi serba online. Pertumbuhan pasar e-commerce ini harus dibarengi dengan pelayanan yang akan diberikan kepada konsumennya secara baik agar konsumen merasa puas ketika bertran - saksi kepada perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kepuasan konsumen berbelanja online pada situs jual beli Lazada, Zalora, dan Mataharimall. Variabel independent yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Website Design, Security, Information Quality, Payment Method, E-service Quality, Product Quality, Product Variety, Delivery Service dan variebel dependent adalah Customer Satisfaction. �e- �e- �e - sponden dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen Lazada, Zalora, dan Mataharimall yang be - rada di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Timur dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 400 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah nonprobability sampling yaitu porposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis data regresi berganda dan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil peneltian ini menunjukan bahwa website design, information quality, product vaiety, delivery service berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen dalam berbelanja online.

Stability of HAMLET--a kinetically trapped alpha-lactalbumin oleic acid complex.

Science.gov (United States)

Fast, Jonas; Mossberg, Ann-Kristin; Svanborg, Catharina; Linse, Sara

2005-02-01

The stability toward thermal and urea denaturation was measured for HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) and alpha-lactalbumin, using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as differential scanning calorimetry. Under all conditions examined, HAMLET appears to have the same or lower stability than alpha-lactalbumin. The largest difference is seen for thermal denaturation of the calcium free (apo) forms, where the temperature at the transition midpoint is 15 degrees C lower for apo HAMLET than for apo alpha-lactalbumin. The difference becomes progressively smaller as the calcium concentration increases. Denaturation of HAMLET was found to be irreversible. Samples of HAMLET that have been renatured after denaturation have lost the specific biological activity toward tumor cells. Three lines of evidence indicate that HAMLET is a kinetic trap: (1) It has lower stability than alpha-lactalbumin, although it is a complex of alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid; (2) its denaturation is irreversible and HAMLET is lost after denaturation; (3) formation of HAMLET requires a specific conversion protocol.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP RISIKO KEHAMILAN “4 TERLALU (4-T” PADA WANITA USIA 10-59 TAHUN (ANALISIS RISKESDAS 2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Puti Sari H

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor tidak langsung yang dapat mempengaruhi risiko kehamilan. Desain penelitian cross sectional. Data yang dianalisis merupakan data hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas tahun 2010 yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Badan Litbangkes. Unit analisis adalah ibu atau wanita usia subur (WUS yang pernah melahirkan minimal 1 anak dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun terakhir sampai dengan saat wawancara. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode logistik regresi untuk mengetahui faktor yang paling dominan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa variabel yang paling dominan dalam hubungan antara faktor tidak langsung dengan kejadian fisiko kehamilan 4-T (terlalu tua, terlalu muda, terlalu banyak dan terlalu dekat adalah variabel tempat tinggal  (desa/kota,  tingkat  pendidikan,  status  ekonomi,  dan  keinginan  hamil.  Ibu  yang  tinggal  di perdesaan berpeluang 1,1 kali berisiko kehamilan 4T, sementara ibu yang berpendidikan rendah (SD ke bawah berpeluang 1,4 kali untuk mengalami risiko kehamilan. Ibu dari keluarga miskin berpeluang 1,3 kali mengalami risiko kehamilan, sedangkan ibu yang sulit akses ke pelayanan kesehatan berpeluang 1,9 kali berisiko hamil dengan kondisi 4-T, dan ibu yang tidak/belum ingin hamil berpeluang 4,9 kali mengalami risiko kehamilan. Masalah risiko kehamilan lebih mungkin terjadi pada kelompok ibu yang tinggal di perdesaan, dengan tingkat pendidikan dan ekonomi rendah, dan kesulitan akses ke fasilitas kesehatan serta belum atau tidak menginginkan kehamilannya. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan pemerataan program jamkesmas agar keluarga tidak mampu dan yang tinggal di perdesaan semakin mudah untuk mendapat  pelayanan  kesehatan.  Selain  itu  memprioritaskan  pembangunan  fasilitas  kesehatan  dan penyediaan tenaga kesehatan di perdesaan, dan juga penyuluhan tentang cara mengatur kehamilan yang sehat.Kata kunci : risiko kehamilan, WUS, 4-TAbstract The purpose

T-Zell-Zytokinexpression bei gestillten vs. nicht-gestillten Kindern

OpenAIRE

Aulenbach, Julia

2015-01-01

Das Bestreben, den Aufbau, die Funktion sowie die Entwicklung des Immunsystems zu verstehen, steht schon lange Zeit im Zentrum des Interesses vieler Forschungsarbeiten, insbesondere um auf Grundlage der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse neue Behandlungsansätze für immunologisch relevante Krankheitsbilder zu entwickeln. Stillen könnte ein wichtiger Faktor sein, der bei der Entwicklung und Differenzierung von T-Zell-Subpopulationen und Zytokinmustern im Säuglings- und Kindesalter eine bedeutende Roll...

Alpha particle emitters in cancer therapy: establishing the rationale and overcoming the difficulties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sgouros, G.

1996-01-01

Full text: Once a tumor has metastasized, the possibility of cure is significantly diminished, if not excluded. Since metastatic spread arises due to the release of single tumor cells or tumor cell clusters, treatment regimens following an overt metastasis must include agents that eradicate individual tumor cells and cell clusters or that prevent their dissemination. Alpha particles may be highly effective in eradicating rapidly accessible disease. The effectiveness of alpha particles arises because the amount of energy deposited per unit distance traveled (linear energy transfer or LET) is approximately 400 times greater than that of beta particles (80 keV/μm vs. 0.2 keV/μm). Each traversal of an alpha particle through a cell nucleus results in a very highly ionizing track. Cell survival studies have shown that alpha-particle killing is independent of oxygenation state or cell-cycle during irradiation and that as few as 1 to 6 tracks across the nucleus may result in cell death. Most studies with alpha-particle emitting radionuclides for therapy have examined either bismuth-212 or astatine-211. Both radionuclides are short-lived with 61 minute and 7.2 hour half-lives, respectively, yielding intermediates with 3-minute and 32 year half-lives, respectively. Both emit alpha particles whose range is 40 to 80 μm. Alpha-particle emitting radionuclides have been attached to antibodies against tumor cell associated antigen. Antibodies have been the most widely used vehicle for delivery of alpha particles due to their specificity. Bismuth-212 has demonstrated a significant curative potential with minimal toxicity. In an ascites tumor mouse model, specific targeting and 80% cure following injection of Bi-212-labeled antibody has been observed (Macklis RM et al, Science, 240:1024-1026, 1988). It is important to define the realm of applicability for alpha particle emitting radionuclides. The short half-life of most currently available radionuclides, limits their use to

Influence of glucoregulation quality on C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in patients with diabetes type 1.

Science.gov (United States)

Mitrović, Milena; Ilić, Tatjana; Stokić, Edita; Paro, Jovanka Novaković; Naglić, Dragana Tomić; Bajkin, Ivana; Icin, Tijana

2011-09-01

Results of studies which have proved an increased inflammatory activity in diabetes type 1, have been published over recent years. One of possible mechanisms that are used to explain chronic inflammation in diabetes is the state of hyperglycemia leading to the enhanced synthesis of glycosylation end products (AGEs) which activate macrophages, increase the oxidative stress and affect the synthesis of interleukins (IL-1, IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of the study was to determine the inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha) in patients with diabetes type 1 and to establish their correlation with glucoregulation parameters and other cardiovascular risk factors as well as to compare them with the healthy controls. The study included 76 patients with diabetes type 1 and 30 healthy controls. We determined values of inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha) and glucoregulation parameters (fasting glucose HbA(1c)). The values of CRP (p = 0.014), IL-6 (p = 0.020) and TNF-alpha (p = 0.037) were statistically significantly higher in the diabetic patients than in the healthy controls. There was a positive correlation between CRP with postprandial glycemia (p = 0.004); the multivariate regression analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between CRP and age (p = 0.001), smoking (p = 0.055), fasting glucose (p = 0.021) and triglycerides (p = 0.048) as well as between IL-6 and LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.009). No statistically significant correlations were found between glycosilated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and the inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha). The patients with type 1 diabetes were found to have a low level of inflammatory activity manifested by the increased values of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha.

Infektion mit Epstein-Barr-Virus und Tumor-Entstehung beim Menschen

Science.gov (United States)

Kirchner, H.

1981-08-01

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is the only infectious agent for which a close association with human malignant tumors has been clearly demonstrated. These tumors are one type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma which is frequent in parts of East Asia and the Burkitt lymphoma which predominantly occurs in parts of Africa and New Guinea. Nonetheless, the EBV is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis (IM), a benign, self-limiting lymphoproliferative disease of adolescents. The major difference between the countries in which the EBV-induced tumors occur and those in which IM occurs is the late primary EBV infection in the latter, whereas primary infection with EBV occurs in the first year of life in the former. All theories of viral carcinogenesis have to explain the long latency period between primary infection and tumor growth and how an ubiquitous virus may be oncogenic. Thus, invariably, one has to assume a role of cofactors, which may be of cytogenetic nature or may be represented by additional infections or by chemical agents. Since most modern theories of carcinogenesis consider a multi-step development of tumors, the theory that infection with an ubiquitous virus at the right time of life represents one step to carcinogenesis seems to be tenable.

Reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis (TBC) with the use of antagonist of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (FNTα) in rheumatoid arthritis: On purpose of a case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinez V, Jose B; Medina V, Yimy F; Parga, Roberto; Restrepo, Jose Felix; Iglesias G, Antonio; Rondon, Federico

2005-01-01

Woman 56 years old, with history of rheumatoid arthritis who develops reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis (TBC) after 1 year of treatment with biological therapy (antagonist of the tumor necrosis factor alpha). It is discussed pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnostic approach, treatment of TBC and some recommendations for the use of biological therapy in patients with rheumatic disease

Extremely elevated alpha-fetoprotein due to acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B without malignancy: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoon, Young-Min; Kang, Da-Yeong; Kim, Da-Young; Seo, Jun-Won; Lim, Hyun-Jong; Lee, Hee-Jeong; Park, Sang-Gon

2016-06-01

Alpha-fetoprotein is produced by a variety of tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and germ cell tumors of the ovary and testes. However, we present a case of significantly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein without evidence of malignant disease in a patient who is a carrier of chronic hepatitis B. A 60-year-old Korean man presented with markedly increased alpha-fetoprotein (2350 ng/mL; normal 7 × 105 IU/mL). Our patient was diagnosed with acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B, and we presumed that this condition might be related to extremely elevated alpha-fetoprotein. When our patient was treated with entecavir, the serum alpha-fetoprotein level immediately decreased, in parallel with the hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid copy number. We report a rare case of extremely elevated alpha-fetoprotein due to acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B without any malignancy, and a decrease in this tumor marker simultaneous with a decrease in hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid copy number on entecavir treatment. This case report is important due to the rarity of the case; furthermore, it provides details of a diagnostic process for a variety of benign diseases and malignant tumors that should be considered in patients with elevated alpha-fetoprotein. Thus, we present a case report, along with a review, that will be helpful for diagnosis and treatment of patients with elevated alpha-fetoprotein.

Targeted alpha therapy: Applications and current status

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bruchertseifer, Frank, E-mail: frank.bruchertseifer@ec.europa.eu [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Karlsruhe (Germany)

2017-07-01

Full text: The field of targeted alpha therapy has been developed rapidly in the last decade. Besides {sup 223}Ra, {sup 211}At and {sup 212}Pb/{sup 212}Bi the alpha emitters {sup 225}Ac and {sup 213}Bi are promising therapeutic radionuclides for application in targeted alpha therapy of cancer and infectious diseases. The presentation will give a short overview about the current clinical treatments with alpha emitting radionuclides and will place an emphasis on the most promising clinical testing of peptides and antibodies labelled with {sup 225}Ac and {sup 213}Bi for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with glioma and glioblastoma multiform, PSMA-positive tumor phenotype and bladder carcinoma in situ. (author)

Molecular nuclear imaging of tumoral angio genesis using a rgd-containing tracer, Raft-RGD, targeted at the neo vessel-specific integrin {alpha}{sub v}{beta}{sub 3}; Evaluation d'un radioligand de l'integrine {alpha}{sub v}{beta}{sub 3} (RAFT-RGD) pour l'imagerie moleculaire de l'angiogenese tumorale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sancey, L

2006-06-15

Tumoral neo-angio genesis targeting is currently a major field of research for the diagnostic and treatment of solid tumors. Endothelial cells from neo vessels over express several specific markers such as the {alpha}{sub v}{beta}{sub 3} integrin, which binds RGD (-Arg-Gly-Asp-)- containing peptides. We evaluated the potential of a novel radiotracer - RAFT-RGD - for the molecular nuclear imaging of neo vessels. In vitro, the coupling of 4 c(RGDfK) to the RAFT platform resulted in an increased cellular uptake of the tracer by {alpha}{sub v}{beta}{sub 3} positive cells when compared to c(RGDfK). Furthermore, RAFTRGD has a higher affinity than c(RGDfK) and similar properties for angio genesis inhibition. In vivo, both {alpha}{sub v}{beta}{sub 3} positive and negative tumors were visible by non invasive whole body planar and tomographic imaging from 30 min to 24 h post-injection, using a gamma camera dedicated to small animal imaging. Despite a lack of significant contrast improvement compare with c(RGDfK), RAFT-RGD could represent a promising tracer for tumoral angio genesis since it could provide invaluable information about tumor development and treatment efficacy in Nuclear Medicine departments. Furthermore, thanks to its chemical structure, RAFT-RGD can be labelled with a variety of radioisotopes including {gamma} and {beta}{sup -} emitters, allowing interesting therapeutical applications such as internal targeted radiotherapy. (author)

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Filariasis di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman Tahun 2010-2013

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dhia Afra

2016-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakFilariasis adalah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan oleh cacing filaria dan ditularkan oleh nyamuk Mansonia, Anopheles, Culex, Armigeres. Banyak faktor risiko yang mampu memicu timbulnya kejadian filariasis. Beberapa diantaranya adalah jenis kelamin, usia, pekerjaan, faktor lingkungan, perilaku. Kabupaten Padang Pariaman bukan salah satu 5 kabupaten daerah endemis filariasis namun merupakan kabupaten yang banyak ditemukan kasus baru filariasis di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi case control yang merupakan penelitian epidemiologis analitik observasional yang bersifat retrospektif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 63 responden, terdiri dari 21 kasus dan 42 kontrol. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil uji statistik chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara umur dengan kejadian filariasis dengan nilai p= 0,013,tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis kelamin, pekerjaan(nilai p= 0,071, OR=3,800, 95% CI=0,938-15,398, tempat perindukan, pengetahuan (nilai p= 1,000, OR=1,135, 95% CI=0,336-3,835, sikap dan tindakan. Mengingat umur sangat erat hubungannya dengan pekerjaan, maka perlu ada penyuluhan dari petugas kesehatan bagaimana melindungi diri saat bekerja seperti menggunakan baju berlengan panjang dan celana panjang, serta menggunakan obat anti nyamuk.Kata kunci: filariasis, umur, pekerjaan, tempat perindukan, perilaku AbstractFilariasis is a chronic communicable disease caused by filarial worms and transmitted by mosquitoes Mansonia, Anopheles, Culex, Armigeres. Many risk factors are able to prevalence of filariasis. Some of them are gender, age, occupation, environmental factors and behavioral. Pariaman District is not one of the 5 districts of filariasis endemic areas but a lot of new case have been identify in West Sumatra. This was a case control study which is an analytic observational epidemiological studies. The

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in Peripical Tissue Exudates of Teeth with Apical Periodontitis

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Sonja Pezelj-Ribaric

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Aim. The aim of this study was to determine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α levels in periapical exudates and to evaluate their relationship with radiological findings. Methodology. Periapical exudates were collected from root canals of 60 single-rooted teeth using absorbent paper points. TNF-α levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The samples were divided into three groups according to the periapical radiolucent area. Results. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences between TNF-α concentrations in control group (40, 57±28, 15 pg/mL and group with larger radiolucent areas (2365, 79±582, 95 pg/mL, as well as between control and canals with small radiolucent areas (507, 66±278, 97 (P<.05. Conclusions. The levels of TNF-α increase significantly in teeth with periapical pathosis, from smaller to bigger lesions. This research and its results have shown that objective analysis of the TNF-α levels enables establishment of a relationship between different concentrations of TNF-α and different radiological changes.

HUBUNGAN PANJANG-BERAT DAN FAKTOR KONDISI LOBSTER BATU (Panulirus penicillatus DI PERAIRAN SELATAN GUNUNG KIDUL DAN PACITAN

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Moh Fauzi Fauzi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Perairan di sebelah selatan Gunung Kidul dan Pacitan merupakan daerah penangkapan lobster yang cukup potensial. Analisis hubungan panjang berat, faktor kondisi dan sebaran kisaran panjang lobster batu (Panulirus penicillatus di perairan tersebut dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2010 hingga Maret 2012. Pengukuran panjang-berat terhadap 1.803 individu lobster batu menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan yang bersifat allometrik negatif. Faktor kondisi lobster memiliki kesamaan antara jenis kelamin jantan dan betina dan terdapat kecenderungan menurunnya faktor kondisi dengan bertambahnya panjang (umur. Panjang karapas dominan berada pada kisaran antara 45-50mm. Lobster betina yang membawa telur ditemukan pertama kali pada kelas panjang karapas antara 35-40mm. The waters in the south of Gunung Kidul and Pacitan were indicated as a potentially fishing ground of spiny lobster. Analysis of Length-weight relationship, condition factor and distribution of the pronghorn spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus in those waters were conducted in March 2010 through March 2012. Length-weight measurements on 1.803 individual lobsters showed allometric negative growth patterns. Lobster have in common condition factor between male and female, and there is a tendency condition factor decreased with increasing length (age. Dominant carapace length is in the range between 45-50mm. Female lobsters carrying eggs were first discovered in the class of carapace length between 35-40mm.

Cancer therapy with alpha-emitters labeled peptides.

Science.gov (United States)

Dadachova, Ekaterina

2010-05-01

Actively targeted alpha-particles offer specific tumor cell killing action with less collateral damage to surrounding normal tissues than beta-emitters. During the last decade, radiolabeled peptides that bind to different receptors on the tumors have been investigated as potential therapeutic agents both in the preclinical and clinical settings. Advantages of radiolabeled peptides over antibodies include relatively straightforward chemical synthesis, versatility, easier radiolabeling, rapid clearance from the circulation, faster penetration and more uniform distribution into tissues, and less immunogenicity. Rapid internalization of the radiolabeled peptides with equally rapid re-expression of the cell surface target is a highly desirable property that enhances the total delivery of these radionuclides into malignant sites. Peptides, such as octreotide, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogues, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-containing peptides, bombesin derivatives, and others may all be feasible for use with alpha-emitters. The on-going preclinical work has primarily concentrated on octreotide and octreotate analogues labeled with Bismuth-213 and Astatine-211. In addition, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogue has been labeled with Lead-212/Bismuth-212 in vivo generator and demonstrated the encouraging therapeutic efficacy in treatment of experimental melanoma. Obstacles that continue to obstruct widespread acceptance of alpha-emitter-labeled peptides are primarily the supply of these radionuclides and concerns about potential kidney toxicity. New sources and methods for production of these medically valuable radionuclides and better understanding of mechanisms related to the peptide renal uptake and clearance should speed up the introduction of alpha-emitter-labeled peptides into the clinic. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Deteksi Dini Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue Berdasarkan Faktor Cuaca di DKI Jakarta Menggunakan Metode Zero Truncated Negative Binomial

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Robert Kurniawan

2017-11-01

Full Text Available AbstractThe incidence rates of DHF in Jakarta in 2010 to 2014 are always higher than that of the national rates. Therefore, this study aims to find the effect of weather parameter on DHF cases. Weather is chosen because it can be observed daily and can be predicted so that it can be used as earlydetection in estimating the number of DHF cases. Data use includes DHF cases which is collected daily and weather data including lowest and highest temperatures and rainfall. Data analysis used is zero-truncated negative binomial analysis at 10% significance level. Based on the periodic dataof selected variables from January 1st 2015 until May 31st 2015, the study revealed that weather factors consisting of highest temperature, lowest temperature, and rainfall rate were significant enough to predict the number of DHF patients in DKI Jakarta. The three variables had positiveeffects in influencing the number of DHF patients in the same period. However, the weather factors cannot be controlled by humans, so that appropriate preventions are required whenever weather’s predictions indicate the increasing number of DHF cases in DKI Jakarta.Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, zero truncated negative binomial, early warning.AbstrakAngka kesakitan DBD pada tahun 2010 hingga 2014 selalu lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan angka kesakitan DBD nasional. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh faktor cuaca terhadap kasus DBD. Faktor cuaca dipilih karena dapat diamati setiap harinya dan dapat diprediksi sehingga dapat dijadikan deteksi dini dalam perkiraan jumlah penderita DBD. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data jumlah penderita DBD di DKI Jakarta per hari dan data cuaca yang meliputi suhu terendah, suhu tertinggi dan curah hujan. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor cuaca tersebut terhadap jumlah penderita DBD di DKI Jakarta digunakan metode analisis zero-truncated negative binomial. Berdasarkan data periode 1 Januari 2015 hingga

Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan Pengolahan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga menjadi Kompos di Jorong IX Pancahan Kecamatan Rao Kebupaten Pasaman Tahun 2013

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Nurdin ,

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Dari 10 responden yang di wawancarai oleh peneliti 6 responden mengaku mengetahui cara pembuatan kompos dan 4 di antaranya tidak mengetahui bagaimana cala pembuatan kompos. Dari hasil observasi yang peneliti lakukan responden membuang sampah rumah tangganya ke belakang rumah. Penelitian ini berlujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor-Faktor yang berhubungan dengan Pengolahan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga Menjadi Kompos Di Jorong trX Pancahan Kecamatan Rao Kabupaten Pasaman Tahun 2013.Penelitian ini bersifat Deskriptif Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross secsional. Dan analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 330 kepala keluarga dengan jurnlah sampel 75 kepala keluarga yang ada di Jorong IX Pancahan Kecamatan Rao Kabupaten Pasatnan. Data diperoleh dengan cara wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Dimana variabel dependen adalah Pengolahan sampah organik rumah tangga menjadi kompos. sedangkan paria variabel independennya adalah pengetahuan, kebutuhan, dan kemampuan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 47 (6 I,8% responden mempunyai pengetahuan rendah dengan p=0,03 dan OR=0,308. Responden yang tidak membutuhkan kompos yaitu 44 (57,9% responden dengan p=0,05 dan OR=2,826. Responden yang mampu mengolah sarnpah organik rumah tangga 52 (68,4% responden dengan p=0,10 dan OR=2,623.Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar masyarakat di Jorong IX Pancahan memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah" Pengetahuan dan kebutuhan berhubungan dengan pengolahan sampah organik rumah tangga menjadi kompos, sedangkan kemampuan tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan. Diperlukan upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan pengolahan sampah organik rumah tangga menjadi kompos dan memberikan pemahaman kepada mayarakat tentang kebutuhan dan manfaat kompos.Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, kebutuhan, kemampuan, Sampah rumah tangga

Quantitative assessment of the influence of tumor necrosis factor alpha polymorphism with gastritis and gastric cancer risk.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Ming; Wang, Yinping; Gu, Yahong

2014-02-01

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) is an important molecule in inflammatory, infectious, and tumoral processes. Inflammation is one of the early phases in the development of gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, several studies have examined the association of polymorphism in TNFA with gastritis and GC risk. A functional polymorphism, -308G>A (rs1800629), which is located in the promoter of TNFA gene, has been suggested to alter the production of TNF-α and influence cancer risk. To date, a number of studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the polymorphism and gastritis or GC susceptibility, but the results were conflicting. To investigate this inconsistency, we performed a meta-analysis of 36 studies for TNFA -308G>A polymorphism to evaluate the effect of TNFA on genetic susceptibility for gastritis and GC. An overall random-effects per-allele odds ratio of 1.16 (95 % confidence interval 1.04-1.29, P = 0.008) was found for the polymorphism. Significant results were also observed using dominant or recessive genetic models. In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity, significant results were found in Caucasians, whereas no significant associations were found among East Asians and other ethnic populations. No associations between the polymorphism and gastritis were observed. In addition, our data indicate that TNFA is involved in GC susceptibility and confers its effect primarily in diffuse type of tumors. Besides, -308G>A polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with both cardiac and noncardiac tumors. This meta-analysis demonstrated that the TNFA -308G>A polymorphism is a risk factor for developing GC, but the associations vary in different ethnic populations.

Steroid metabolism and steroid receptors in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eechaute, W.; de Thibault de Boesinghe, L.; Lacroix, E.

1983-01-01

Mammary tumors were induced in rats by treatment with dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. Cytosol receptors for 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone were estimated by means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and the metabolism of [ 14 C]progesterone, [ 14 C]testosterone, and 17 beta-[ 14 C]estradiol by minced tumor tissue was studied. The estradiol receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels of the tumors varied considerably from less than 5 to 48 fmol/mg protein for ER and to 243 fmol/mg protein for PR. Considering a receptor level lower than 5 fmol/mg protein to be negative, four groups of tumors were found: ER-negative and PR-negative; ER-positive and PR-negative; ER-negative and PR-positive; ER-positive and PR-positive. In dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced tumor tissue, high 5 alpha-reductase and 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities and somewhat lower 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 6 alpha-hydroxylase activities were found. No aromatization was detectable. Steroids, especially estradiol, were also metabolized in a high degree to unextractable metabolites. It was concluded that steroid metabolism of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors was not related to the ER and/or PR concentration of tumor tissue

FAKTOR KEBUDAYAAN DALAM PENENTUAN POSITIONING

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Lesie Yuliadewi

1999-01-01

Full Text Available The culture is the important part to influent people s attitudes like the way they have seen or thinked. Usually%2C people will learn some thing faster than the other%2C because it has been related with their past experience. That is why%2C the culture become one of the most important thing in advertising and it have great influence for the brand image of the consumers. So the consumers can be easily remember the products that have been advertising. Last%2C all of it%2C will change the sales of the products goes up and hopefully%2C it will increase the revenue/profit of the firm. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Kebudayaan akan mempengaruhi sudut pandang seseorang terhadap sesuatu yang dilihat atau diterima oleh otaknya. Seseorang akan lebih cepat menerima sesuatu apabila ciri-ciri hal yang baru diterimanya berhubungan dengan masa lampaunya. Oleh karena itu%2C kebudayaan merupakan faktor yang penting diperhitungkan agar pesan yang termuat dalam iklan cepat diterima dan diingat di benak calon konsumen%2C sehingga angka penjualan dapat meningkat.

Evaluation of tumor necrosis factor alpha serum level in obese and lean women with clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovary disease

OpenAIRE

Seyam, Emaduldin; Hasan, Momen; Khalifa, Eissa M.; Ramadan, Ahmad; Hefzy, Enas

2017-01-01

Objective: The aim of this work was to investigate the level of the serum level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as an inflammatory biomarker in lean and obese women with polycystic ovary disease (PCOD), who are resistant to clomiphene citrate (CCR-PCOD). Patients and design: It is a case controlled study, where one hundred and fifty (n = 150) PCOD women (study group), who are resistant to clomiphene citrate (CCR-PCOD) had been recruited, in addition to one hundred (n = 100) women wi...

Osteomalacia inducida por tumor: hemangiopericitoma rinosinusal Tumor-induced osteomalacia: rhinosinusal hemangiopericytoma

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Enriqueta M. Serafini

2013-02-01

Full Text Available La osteomalacia inducida por tumor es una rara enfermedad del metabolismo óseo caracterizada por el aumento en la excreción de fosfato a nivel renal seguido de hipofosfatemia. Es causada por agentes fosfatúricos producidos por determinados tumores. La resección total del tumor resulta en la completa reversión de las anormalidades bioquímicas, la desaparición de las manifestaciones clínicas y los hallazgos en los estudios por imágenes. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 61 años con cuadro clínico y laboratorio compatibles con osteomalacia oncogénica inducida por tumor mesenquimático de localización rinosinusal. En nuestro caso el diagnóstico histológico correspondió a una neoplasia de tipo vascular: hemangiopericitoma.Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare disease of bone metabolism. The characteristic of this disease is an increase in phosphate excretion followed by hypophosphatemia, due to phosphaturic agents produced by different types of tumors. Tumor resection results in complete resolution of clinical, biochemical and radiological abnormalities. We present the case of a 61 year old man with signs, symptoms and laboratory findings consistent with oncogenic osteomalacia due to a rhino-sinusal mesenchymal tumor. The histological diagnosis showed a vascular neoplasm: hemangiopericytoma.

Sensitifitas dan Spesifisitas Pertanyaan Gejala Saluran Pernapasan dan Faktor risiko untuk Kejadian Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK

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lusianawaty Tana

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by progressive non-reversible or partially reversible airflow obstruction in the airway. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of questions on respiratory symptoms and risky behavior for diagnosing COPD. Method. This study was a further analysis of Bogor Cohort Study on Non-Communicable Risk Factors 2011-2012 data. COPD was diagnosed by spirometry examination with bronchodilator. Twelve questions on COPD respiratory symptoms and two questions on rizky behavior were analyzed using crossed tabulation with 5 % significance level. Results. The sensitivity and specificity of several aggregate questions on respiratory symptom and COPD risk factors ranged from 12.5% to 94.3% and 2.2% to 94.4%. Aggregate of 7 questions on 6 respiratory symptoms and 1 smoking behavior with either one was answered “Yes” had the optimal sensitivity (68.1 % and specificity (59.7 %. Those questions were coughing more than 1 month, excreting sputum almost every day, easily feeling fatigue or dyspnea while doing activity, dyspnea > 3 months that restricted daily activities, worsened fatigue/dyspnea, whizzing, and smoking behavior. Conclusion. Questions on respiratory symptoms were neither sensitive nor specific for diagnosing COPD. Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sensitivity, specificity. AbstrakPenyakit paru obstruktif kronis (PPOK adalah penyakit paru kronik, ditandai dengan adanya hambatan aliran udara di saluran pernapasan, dan bersifat progressif nonreversibel atau reversibel parsial. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan sensitifitas dan spesifisitas pertanyaan gejala saluran pernapasan dan faktor risiko terhadap PPOK. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjut sampel Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko PTM di Bogor tahun 2011-2012. Variabel yang dianalisis terdiri dari 12 pertanyaan gejala saluran pernapasan dan dua pertanyaan faktor

Critical roles of mucin-1 in sensitivity of lung cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and dexamethasone.

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Xu, Menglin; Wang, Xiangdong

2017-08-01

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer. Mucins are glycoproteins with high molecular weight, responsible for cell growth, differentiation, and signaling, and were proposed to be correlated with gene heterogeneity of lung cancer. Here, we report aberrant expression of mucin genes and tumor necrosis factor receptors in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with normal tissues in GEO datasets. Mucin-1 (MUC1) gene was selected and considered as the target gene; furthermore, the expression pattern of adenocarcinomic cells (A549, H1650, or H1299 cells) was validated under the stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) or dexamethasone (DEX), separately. MUC1 gene interference was done to A549 cells to show its role in sensitivity of lung cancer cells to TNFα and DEX. Results of our experiments indicate that MUC1 may regulate the influence of inflammatory mediators in effects of glucocorticoids (GCs), as a regulatory target to improve therapeutics. It shows the potential effect of MUC1 and GCs in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), which may help in LADC treatment in the future.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulates effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands on cell proliferation and expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes in rat liver "stem-like" cells

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Umannová, Lenka; Zatloukalová, Jiřina; Machala, M.; Krčmář, P.; Májková, Z.; Hennig, B.; Kozubík, Alois; Vondráček, Jan

2007-01-01

Roč. 99, č. 1 (2007), s. 79-89 ISSN 0388-1350 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA524/05/0595 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50040507; CEZ:AV0Z50040702 Keywords : tumor necrosis factor-alpha * xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes * dioxin Subject RIV: BO - Biophysics

Pediatric brain tumors of neuroepithelial tissue; Hirntumoren des neuroepithelialen Gewebes im Kindesalter

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Papanagiotou, P.; Politi, M. [Klinikum Bremen-Mitte/Bremen-Ost, Klinik fuer Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Bremen (Germany); Bergmann, M. [Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Institut fuer Klinische Neuropathologie, Bremen (Germany); Pekrun, A. [Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Klinik fuer Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, paed. Haematologie/Onkologie, Neonatologie, Bremen (Germany); Juergens, K.U. [Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, ZEMODI-Zentrum fuer moderne Diagnostik, MRT, Nuklearmedizin und PET-CT, Bremen (Germany)

2014-08-15

Tumors of neuroepithelial tissue represent the largest group of pediatric brain tumors by far and has therefore been divided into several discrete tumor subtypes each corresponding to a specific component of the neuropil. The neuropil contains several subtypes of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells and modified ependymal cells that form the choroid plexus. This review discusses the imaging aspects of the most common pediatric tumors of neuroepithelial tissue. (orig.) [German] Tumoren des neuroepithelialen Gewebes stellen die mit Abstand groesste Gruppe der paediatrischen Hirntumoren dar und werden je nach deren Ursprung in diversen Subtypen unterteilt. Das Neuropil beinhaltet diverse Subtypen von Gliazellen: Astrozyten, Oligodendrozyten, ependymale Zellen und modifizierte ependymale Zellen, die den Plexus choroideus formen. In diesem Review werden die bildgebenden Aspekte mittels CT und MRT der haeufigsten Tumoren des neuroepithelialen Gewebes diskutiert. (orig.)

Tumor Repression of VCaP Xenografts by a Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide.

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Amanda E Hargrove

Full Text Available Pyrrole-imidazole (Py-Im polyamides are high affinity DNA-binding small molecules that can inhibit protein-DNA interactions. In VCaP cells, a human prostate cancer cell line overexpressing both AR and the TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion, an androgen response element (ARE-targeted Py-Im polyamide significantly downregulates AR driven gene expression. Polyamide exposure to VCaP cells reduced proliferation without causing DNA damage. Py-Im polyamide treatment also reduced tumor growth in a VCaP mouse xenograft model. In addition to the effects on AR regulated transcription, RNA-seq analysis revealed inhibition of topoisomerase-DNA binding as a potential mechanism that contributes to the antitumor effects of polyamides in cell culture and in xenografts. These studies support the therapeutic potential of Py-Im polyamides to target multiple aspects of transcriptional regulation in prostate cancers without genotoxic stress.

Diagnostic value of different tumor markers, our experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pervez, T.; Anwar, S.

2000-01-01

Variety of tumor markers with varying sensitivity and specificity are used for diagnosis of different malignancies. This study was done to determine the diagnostic value of different tumor markers in our patients with various malignancies. Out of 235 patients studied, 162 were suffering from malignant and 73 from benign diseases. Among these 84 were positive for tumor markers. Out of these positive tumor markers, 75 were suffering from malignancy. Tumor marker analyzed were ca-15-3, ca-125, BETA-HCG, CEA, PSA and alpha-FP depending upon the type of the disease these cases presented. Analysis of the results revealed that different tumor markers had sensitivity varying from 76.9-95.8% and specificity varying form 75-90.9%. CA-125 was observed to be the most specific and sensitive tumor marker for ovarian tumors followed by alpha-FP for hepatocellular tumors and CEA for gastrointestinal tumors. Similarly, PSA for prostate cancers, beta-HCG for choriocarcinoma and CA-15-3 for breast cancer. It is concluded that all the tumor markers have a variable diagnostic value, which cannot be relied upon independently, without other tests added to increase diagnostic value. (author)

E2-EPF UCP targets pVHL for degradation and associates with tumor growth and metastasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Jung, Cho-Rok; Hwang, Kyung-Sun; Yoo, Jinsang; Cho, Won-Kyung; Kim, Jin-Man; Kim, Woo Ho; Im, Dong-Soo

2006-07-01

The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor, pVHL, forms part of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets specific substrates for degradation, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), which is involved in tumor progression and angiogenesis. It remains unclear, however, how pVHL is destabilized. Here we show that E2-EPF ubiquitin carrier protein (UCP) associates with and targets pVHL for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in cells, thereby stabilizing HIF-1alpha. UCP is detected coincidently with HIF-1alpha in human primary liver, colon and breast tumors, and metastatic cholangiocarcinoma and colon cancer cells. UCP level correlates inversely with pVHL level in most tumor cell lines. In vitro and in vivo, forced expression of UCP boosts tumor-cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis through effects on the pVHL-HIF pathway. Our results suggest that UCP helps stabilize HIF-1alpha and may be a new molecular target for therapeutic intervention in human cancers.

Resilience in IMS

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kamyod, Chayapol; Nielsen, Rasmus Hjorth; Prasad, Neeli R.

2012-01-01

) and supporting always on services. Therefore, not only Quality of Service (QoS) but also resilience is required. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate and analyze end-to-end reliability of the IMS system using a model proposed as a combination of Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) and Markov Reward Models (MRMs......Reliability evaluation of systems has been widely researched for improving system resilience especially in designing processes of a complex system. The convergence of different access networks is possible via IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) for development toward Next Generation Networks (NGNs......). The resilience of the IMS architecture is studied by applying 1:1 redundancy at different communication scenarios between end users within and across communication domains. The model analysis provides useful reliability characteristics of the system and can be further applied for system design processes....

Recombinant heat shock protein 70 functional peptide and alpha-fetoprotein epitope peptide vaccine elicits specific anti-tumor immunity.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xiao-Ping; Wang, Qiao-Xia; Lin, Huan-Ping; Xu, Bing; Zhao, Qian; Chen, Kun

2016-11-01

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a marker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and serves as a target for immunotherapy. However, current treatments targeting AFP are not reproducible and do not provide complete protection against cancer. This issue may be solved by developing novel therapeutic vaccines with enhanced immunogenicity that could effectively target AFP-expressing tumors. In this study, we report construction of a therapeutic peptide vaccine by linking heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) functional peptide to the AFP epitope to obtain HSP70-P/AFP-P. This novel peptide was administered into BALB/c mice to observe the effects. Quantification of AFP-specific CD8 + T cells that secrete IFN-γ in these mice via ELISPOT revealed the synergistic effects of HSP70-P/AFP-P with increased numbers of AFP-specific CD8 + T cells. Similarly, ELISA analysis showed increased granzyme B and perforin released by natural killer cells. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxic T-lymphocyte assays and in vivo tumor preventive experiments clearly showed the higher antitumor effects of HSP70-P/AFP-P against AFP-expressing tumors. These results show that treatment of BALB/c mice with HSP70-P/AFP-P induced stronger T-cells responses and improved protective immunity. Our data suggest that HSP70-P/AFP-P may be used as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of AFP-expressing cancers.

Delegation und Kooperation im Gesundheitswesen

OpenAIRE

Rosenau, Henning

2010-01-01

Delegation und Kooperation im Gesundheitswesen. - In: Tıpta işbirliği ve hukuksal sorunlar = Delegation und Kooperation im Gesundheitswesen / ed.: Hakan Hakeri ... - Samsun : Adalet, 2010. - S. 7-18

Microdosimetry of monoclonal antibodies labeled with alpha emitters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fisher, D.R.

1986-01-01

The recent discovery of new techniques for the production of monoclonal antibodies (MoAB) has opened up a number of potential new applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Monoclonal antibodies labeled with alpha-emitting radionuclides promise to be particularly effective therapeutic agents due to the efficient cell killing ability of highly ionizing, short-range alpha particle tracks localized at specific antigen sites within the tumor mass. For a radioimmunotherapy treatment plan to be effective, one must be able to estimate the absorbed radiation dose to both tumor cells and normal tissues in the body. However, conventional methods used in nuclear medicine for estimating absorbed doses and specific absorbed fractions for radiopharmaceuticals do not apply to alpha emitters owing to their short range and the large variations in the local distribution of energy at the cellular level that result. Microdosimetric techniques developed for assessment of the radiological effects of internally deposited transuranic radionuclides take into account the statistical aspects of alpha particle track structure, energy distribution patterns, and radionuclide distribution within tissues, and provide a means for determining the number and frequency of cells irradiated, the probability densities in specific energy, and the average dose delivered to cells of interest. These techniques can be applied to the study of radiation absorbed dose from alpha-labeled monoclonal antibodies. 16 references, 6 figures

Low level tumor necrosis factor-alpha protects cardiomyocytes against high level tumor necrosis factor-alpha: brief insight into a beneficial paradox.

Science.gov (United States)

Cacciapaglia, Fabio; Salvatorelli, Emanuela; Minotti, Giorgio; Afeltra, Antonella; Menna, Pierantonio

2014-12-01

Whether tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) caused beneficial or detrimental cardiovascular effects remains poorly defined. Anti-TNFα agents improved cardiac end points in chronic rheumatic diseases characterized by progressive deterioration of cardiac function. In contrast, anti-TNFα agents did not always improve but actually worsened cardiac function in non-rheumatic patients with heart failure (HF), in spite of that HF usually accompanies with high circulating levels of TNFα. To shed light on these mixed findings, we characterized the effects of TNFα in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Cells were incubated for 24 h with increasing concentrations of TNFα, hydrogen peroxide, aminotriazole, or etoposide. Posttreatment cell viability was assessed by antimycin A-inhibitable reduction of 3-(4,dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, and the IC50 value of each test compound was defined. H9c2 cells were also preconditioned with a low non-toxic concentration of TNFα and then re-challenged with increasing concentrations of TNFα and other stressor agents. In re-challenge experiments, all of the IC50 values increased significantly, with the IC50 value of TNFα increasing approximately 16-fold. TNFα preconditioning increased cardiomyocytes shedding of the external portion of transmembrane type 1 and type 2 TNFα receptors [(soluble TNFα receptors (sTNFR)]. Levels of survival-oriented soluble TNFR2 (sTNFR2) always exceeded those of death-oriented sTNFR1. When exposed to TNFα at its IC50 value, preconditioned cardiomyocytes showed an increased release of sTNFR2 but not sTNFR1. These results denoted that preconditioning by "low TNFα" helped cardiomyocyte to withstand toxicity from "high TNFα" or other agents. These results also suggested that beneficial or detrimental effects of anti-TNFα agents might well depend on whether these agents spared or intercepted discrete amounts of TNFα that preconditioned cardiomyocytes and made them more resistant to high

Hubungan panjang berat dan faktor kondisi ikan gabus (Channa striata Bloch, 1793 yang dibesarkan di rawa lebak, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dina Muthmainnah

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan panjang berat dan faktor kondisi ikan gabus (Channa striata telah dipelihara di rawa lebak Sekayu Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin dan Mariana Kabupaten Banyuasin Provinsi Sumatera Selatan pada Mei hingga November 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan panjang berat tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antara rawa Sekayu dan Mariana dengan nilai b di bawah nilai 3 yang berarti pertumbuhan ikan gabus tersebut allometrik negatif. Ikan gabus yang dipelihara di rawa lebak Mariana menghasilkan faktor kondisi 0,884 lebih tinggi daripada di rawa lebak Sekayu 0,839, yang menunjukkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan rawa lebak Mariana lebih mendukung untuk pertumbuhan ikan gabus.

Innovationsmanagement im Marketing: Anleitung zur Innovations-Sensibilisierung und deren Umsetzung im Rahmen der Neuen Lernkultur

OpenAIRE

Mangisch, Christian; Blatter, Martin

2009-01-01

Der Kurs “Innovationsmanagement im Marketing“ vermittelt den Teilnehmenden Wissen zum Innovationsmanagement, zum innovativen Team und zu innovativen Marketing Trends. Diese Kurse sind online auf dem folgenden Link www.ritzycampus.ch zu finden. Die Teilnehmer müssen für den Online-Kurs keine speziellen Kenntnisse oder Voraussetzungen mitbringen. Diese Online-Kurse im Fach Marketing sind an ein breites Publikum gerichtet. Sie ermöglichen den Studierenden im Eigenstudium die Grundlagen der Theme...

Δim-lacunary statistical convergence of order α

Science.gov (United States)

Altınok, Hıfsı; Et, Mikail; Işık, Mahmut

2018-01-01

The purpose of this work is to introduce the concepts of Δim-lacunary statistical convergence of order α and lacunary strongly (Δim,p )-convergence of order α. We establish some connections between lacunary strongly (Δim,p )-convergence of order α and Δim-lacunary statistical convergence of order α. It is shown that if a sequence is lacunary strongly (Δim,p )-summable of order α then it is Δim-lacunary statistically convergent of order α.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced enhancement of cryosurgery

Science.gov (United States)

Goel, Raghav; Paciotti, Guilio F.; Bischof, John C.

2008-02-01

Local recurrence of cancer after cryosurgery is related to the inability to monitor and predict destruction of cancer (temperatures > -40°C) within an iceball. We previously reported that a cytokine adjuvant TNF-α could be used to achieve complete cancer destruction at the periphery of an iceball (0 to -40°C). This study is a further development of that work in which cryosurgery was performed using cryoprobes operating at temperatures > -40°C. LNCaP Pro 5 tumor grown in a dorsal skin fold chamber (DSFC) was frozen at -6°C after TNF-α incubation for 4 or 24 hours. Tumors grown in the hind limb were frozen with a probe tip temperature of -40°C, 4 or 24 hours after systemic injection with TNF-α. Both cryosurgery alone or TNF-α treatment alone caused only a minimal damage to the tumor tissue at the conditions used in the study. The combination of TNF-α and cryosurgery produced a significant damage to the tumor tissue in both the DSFC and the hind limb model system. This augmentation in cryoinjury was found to be time-dependent with 4-hour time period between the two treatments being more effective than 24-hour. These results suggests the possibility of cryotreatment at temperatures > -40°C with the administration of TNF-α.

[Kriegsland im Osten Eroberung, Kolonisierung und Militärherrschaft im Ersten Weltkrieg] / Markus Pöhlmann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pöhlmann, Markus

2003-01-01

Rets.: Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius. Kriegsland im Osten Eroberung, Kolonisierung und Militärherrschaft im Ersten Weltkrieg. Aus dem Amerikanischen von Jürgen Bauer, Edith Nerke und Fee Engemann. Hamburg : 2002

MODEL PREDIKSI KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD BERDASARKAN FAKTOR IKLIM DI KOTA BOGOR, JAWA BARAT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jusniar Ariati

2015-01-01

Full Text Available AbstractDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF presents a serious health problem in Indonesia. Dengue viruses are transmitted to human through the biting of infected mosquitoes, especially Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus.The occurrence of variation and climate change will Affect the growth areas of mosquitoes. This situation can influence on the emergence of dengue fever cases. In this paper will discuss the predictions of the mathematical model of considering the incidence of DHF with climatic factors. The research design was a retrospective study with the data collected is dengue incidence and climate include temperature, rainfall, humidity and rainy days since 2002-2010. Data analysis was performed using Minitab 16.0 software statistical time series. The results showed that R2 varied between 0.65 to 0.99. The highest R2 value of the regression equation obtained in August, September and October is 0.99 and the lowest in April with a R2 value of 0.65. The results of predictions based on 4 predictors (precipitation, rainy days, temperature and humidity with the incidence of DHF is actually not much different, except in April. It can be concluded that according to linear predictive models of dengue is influenced by climatic factors (precipitation, rainy days, temperature and humidity 2 months before and 1 month prior dengue incidence.Keywords : Dhf, Climate, Prediction ModelAbstrakDemam Berdarah Dengue (DBD merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Aedes aegyptisebagai vektor utama penyakit DD/DBD kehidupannya dipengaruhi oleh faktor iklim, diantaranya suhu, kelembaban udara, curah hujan dan hari hujan. Berbagai upaya pengendalian  telah   dilakukan  namun  belum   menurunkan  jumlah  kasus  secara  signifikan, sehingga diperlukan model untuk memprediksi kejadian DBD di suatu wilayah sehingga kejadiannya dapat diantisipasi. Dalam tulisan ini akan membahas model matematika prediksi kejadian DBD dengan mempertimbangkan faktor iklim

CopperCore Service Integration, Integrating IMS Learning Design and IMS Question and Test Interoperability

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vogten, Hubert; Martens, Harrie; Nadolski, Rob; Tattersall, Colin; Van Rosmalen, Peter; Koper, Rob

2006-01-01

Vogten, H., Martens, H., Nadolski, R., Tattersall, C., Rosmalen, van, P., Koper, R., (2006). CopperCore Service Integration, Integrating IMS Learning Design and IMS Question and Test Interoperability. Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (pp.

Volatility study of [C1C1im][NTf2] and [C2C3im][NTf2] ionic liquids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rocha, Marisa A.A.; Ribeiro, Filipe M.S.; Schröder, Bernd; Coutinho, João A.P.; Santos, Luís M.N.B.F.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Vapor pressures of [C 1 C 1 im][NTf 2 ] and [C 2 C 3 im][NTf 2 ] ionic liquids are reported. • [C 1 C 1 im][NTf 2 ] presents higher enthalpy and entropy of vaporization than expected. • The high volatility of [C 2 C 3 im][NTf 2 ] is a result from its asymmetric character. -- Abstract: Vapor pressures of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, ([C 1 C 1 im][NTf 2 ]) and 1-ethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, ([C 2 C 3 im][NTf 2 ]) ionic liquids were measured as a function of temperature using a Knudsen effusion apparatus combined with a quartz crystal microbalance. Enthalpies and entropies of vaporization were derived from the fitting of vapor pressure and temperature results to the Clarke and Glew equation. [C 1 C 1 im][NTf 2 ] presents a higher enthalpy and entropy of vaporization than the neighboring members of the series. The enthalpy of vaporization of [C 2 C 3 im][NTf 2 ] lies in between the asymmetric and symmetric ionic liquid series, reflecting a decrease in the electrostatic interactions due to a decrease of the charge accessibility between the ionic pairs when the methyl group is replaced by an ethyl group. The obtained higher volatility of [C 2 C 3 im][NTf 2 ] arises from its asymmetric character, leading to an higher entropic contribution that compensates the enthalpic penalty. The border conditions ([C 1 C 1 im][NTf 2 ], [C 2 C 1 im][NTf 2 ] and [C 2 C 2 im][NTf 2 ]), topology ([C 2 C 3 im][NTf 2 ]) and symmetry/asymmetry of the ILs effect were evaluated and rationalized based on a comparative analysis of the thermodynamic properties, enthalpies and entropies of vaporization

Application of Hadamard transform in IMS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sha Miaomiao; Liu Weihao; Chen Yong; Jiang Dazhen

2008-01-01

Hadamard transform can improve the SNR by increasing the ion duty cycle in IMS. In this paper, the ion spectral signals were processed by Hadamard transform based on the IMS detector hardware platform. The results showed that Hadamard transform can greatly improve the SNR of the IMS detector in contrast with traditional method. (authors)

Osteomalacia inducida por tumor: hemangiopericitoma rinosinusal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Enriqueta M. Serafini

2013-02-01

Full Text Available La osteomalacia inducida por tumor es una rara enfermedad del metabolismo óseo caracterizada por el aumento en la excreción de fosfato a nivel renal seguido de hipofosfatemia. Es causada por agentes fosfatúricos producidos por determinados tumores. La resección total del tumor resulta en la completa reversión de las anormalidades bioquímicas, la desaparición de las manifestaciones clínicas y los hallazgos en los estudios por imágenes. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 61 años con cuadro clínico y laboratorio compatibles con osteomalacia oncogénica inducida por tumor mesenquimático de localización rinosinusal. En nuestro caso el diagnóstico histológico correspondió a una neoplasia de tipo vascular: hemangiopericitoma.

Antibody Probes to Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Transcript-Specific Upstream Peptides: Alternate ER-Alpha Promoter Use and Breast Cancer Etiology/Outcome

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Pentecost, Brian

2002-01-01

Positive Estrogen Receptor alpha (ER) status correlates with a reduced incidence of breast cancer recurrence in the first years after resection of tumors, and predicts a favorable response to adjuvant anti-estrogens...

BEBERAPA FAKTOR RISIKO GIZI KURANG DAN GIZI BURUK PADA BALITA 12 - 59 BULAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dedi Alamsyah

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Several Risk Factors Of Moderate And Severe Malnutrition In Children Under Five Years Old Aged 12-59 Months. The type of research was observational using case-control study and the qualitative study through the in-depth interview (mixed method. The research location was in Pontianak City. The number of samples was 80 people consisting of 40 people from a case and 40 people from control. Assessment of nutritional using anthropometry measurement based on weight for height. Height measurement using microtome and measure weighting scale. Result show that the multivariate analysis found two variables significantly associated with the prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition in children under five years old aged 12-59 months, i.e.: poor of attitude toward food (OR = 6.980, p = 0.002, 95% CI = 1.998-24.385 and poor environmental health (OR = 5.033, p = 0.012, 95% CI = 1.432-17.683. Keywords: risk factors, moderate and severe malnutrition, children, pontianak Abstrak : Beberapa Faktor Risiko Gizi Kurang Dan Gizi Buruk Pada Balita 12-59 Bulan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk membuktikan faktor risiko agent, host dan environment yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian gizi kurang dan gizi buruk pada balita di kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan case control. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Pontianak. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 orang, yang terdiri dari kasus sebanyak 40 orang dan kontrol sebanyak 40 orang. Penilaian status gizi menggunakan pengukuran antropometri berdasarkan berat badan per tinggi badan (BB/TB. Pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise dan mengukur berat badan menggunakan timbangan balita. Berdasarkan hasil analisa multivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan yaitu sikap ibu terhadap makanan buruk (OR : 6,98 p = 0,002 95 % CI 1,99-24,38 dan kesehatan lingkungan buruk (OR : 5,03 p = 0,012 95 % CI 1,43-17,68 dengan kejadian gizi kurang dan gizi buruk pada anak balita. Kata

Anforderungen des Nicht-Elektrischen Explosionsschutzes im Produktentwicklungsprozess

OpenAIRE

Herbst, Sabrina; Engelmann, Frank; Grote, Karl-Heinrich

2016-01-01

Einleitung Der Faktor Zeit nimmt in unserer heutigen Gesellschaft einen bedeutsamen Platz in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen unseres Lebens und Wirkens ein. Beispielsweise verbreiten sich Nachrichten weltweit innerhalb von Minuten, Reisezeiten verkürzen sich von Tagen auf mehrere Stunden (Kurpjuweit 2013) und die Hersteller von Unterhaltungselektronik verkürzen die Produktlebenszyklen um neue Produkte schneller am Markt zu platzieren (Scheimann 2011). Die Reduzierung des Produktlebens...

A low concentration of ethanol reduces the chemiluminescence of human granulocytes and monocytes but not the tumor necrosis factor alpha production by monocytes after endotoxin stimulation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Parlesak, Alexandr; Diedrich, J. P.; Schäfer, Christian

1998-01-01

necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from Mphi. Further, the efficiency of ethanol to inactivate chemically generated ROS was tested. Significant stimulation of ROS release occurred at endotoxin concentrations of 1 ng/ml or higher in both PMNs and Mphi. Ethanol significantly suppressed the formation of ROS...... immunogens and to increase the susceptibility of alcohol abusers to infectious diseases. As endotoxemia is common in alcohol abusers, we investigated the effect of ethanol (21.7 mmol/liter) on the luminol-amplified chemiluminescence of PMNs and Mphi after endotoxin stimulation and the release of tumor...... identical (6 to 8 ng/ml) in both PMNs and Mphi, independent of the presence of ethanol. In contrast to ROS formation, ethanol had no effect on the amount of TNF-alpha produced by endotoxin-stimulated Mphi. Ethanol was shown to be unable to decrease the levels of chemically generated ROS under physiological...

The Potential Role of circRNA in Tumor Immunity Regulation and Immunotherapy

OpenAIRE

Xu, Zihao; Li, Peiyao; Fan, Li; Wu, Minghua

2018-01-01

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can be divided into circular non-coding RNAs (circRNAs) and linear ncRNAs. ncRNAs exist in different cell types, including normal cells, tumor cells and immunocytes. Linear ncRNAs, such as long ncRNAs and microRNAs, have been found to play important roles in the regulation of tumor immunity and immunotherapy; however, the functions of circRNAs in tumor immunity and immunotherapy are less known. Here, we review the current status of ncRNAs in the regulation of tumor im...

Electron diffraction study of {alpha}-AlMnSi crystals including non-crystallographic axes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, G.L.; Bursill, L.A.

1997-06-01

The structure of crystalline {alpha}-AlMnSi is examined by electron diffraction. Six distinct zone axes are examined, including both normal crystallographic and non-crystallographic zones axes, allowing the space group symmetry to be studied. Electron diffraction patterns characteristic of Pm3-bar were obtained for thicker specimens. However, for very thin specimens, as used for HRTEM imaging, the electron diffraction patterns were characteristic of Im3-bar space group symmetry. The structural basis of the Pm3-bar to Im3-bar transformation may be understood in terms of an analysis of the icosahedral structural elements located at the corners and body-centers of the cubic unit cell. A method for indexing the non-crystallographic zone axis diffraction patterns is described. An electron diffraction pattern of the 5-fold axis of the quasicrystalline phase i-AlMnSi is also included; this is compared with the experimental results and calculations for the [0{tau}1] axis of Pm3-bar and Im3-bar crystalline phases. 26 refs., 4 tabs., 7 figs.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN IBU MENGONSUMSI TABLET BESI-FOLAT SELAMA KEHAMILAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luh Ade Ari Wiradnyani

2013-11-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTThis review aims at compiling and summarizing findings of published studies that assessed factors associated with compliance of women to take recommended iron tablets during pregnancy. The review is done in 10 published studies (8 are 2002—2010 publications and 2 are 1993—1994 publications indexed in Pubmed with the above objective. Low utilization of antenatal care/ANC services is found to be associated with low compliance as it prevents the women to receive recommended number of the iron tablets as well as decrease the opportunity of women to have encouragement from health staff to take the tablets. Supply of tablets becomes the issue since not all women receiving 30 tablets/ANC visits as recommended. Studies on influence of side-effects of taking the tablets to compliance show inconclusive findings. Some studies found the effect is very minimal, and can be managed appropriately especially among more educated women and among women with adequate counseling. Studies also indicated that support from family is important to reduce possibility of pregnant women forgot to take the tablets, the other major factor of the low compliance. Quality of counseling, e.g. clarity of the messages, is associated with compliance. In conclusion, improving support from ANC provider (such as sufficient tablet supply, clear message on the tablets benefits and support from family may contribute to better compliance of women towards maternal iron supplementation.Keywords: compliance, iron supplementation, pregnancyABSTRAKReview ini bertujuan mengumpulkan temuan studi yang mengukur faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan ibu dalam mengonsumsi tablet besi selama kehamilan. Review dilakukan pada 10 studi (8 publikasi tahun 2002—2010, 2 publikasi tahun 1993—1994 yang terdaftar di Pubmed. Rendahnya partisipasi ibu hamil untuk memeriksakan kehamilannya/ANC berhubungan dengan rendahnya kepatuhan konsumsi tablet besi. Rendahnya kunjungan ANC membuat ibu tidak

Faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua serta hubungannya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nur Afia Amin

2016-08-01

merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan linier yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai skor-z TB/U kurang dari -2SD. Terdapat berbagai macam faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Faktor sosial demografi , meliputi pendapatan yang rendah, pendidikan orang tua yang rendah, dan jumlah anggota dalam rumah tangga secara tidak langsung juga berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Tinggi badan orang tua juga berkaitan dengan kejadian stunting. Ibu yang pendek memiliki kemungkinan melahirkan bayi yang pendek pula. Hasil penelitian di Mesir menunjukkan bahwa anak yang lahir dari ibu dengan tinggi badan <150 cm memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk tumbuh menjadi stunting.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6–23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta.Metode: Desain penelitian adalah case-control. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2014 di Kecamatan Sedayu. Besar sampel yang diambil sebesar 252 balita usia 6-23 bulan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner untuk mengetahui identitas balita, identitas responden, status gizi balita, dan data sosiodemografi. Infantometer digunakan untuk mengukur panjang badan balita dan microtoise untuk mengukur tinggi badan orang tua. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik.Hasil : Dalam penelitian ini diketahui prevalensi kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Sedayu sebesar 16,20%. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas yaitu tinggi badan ibu (p=0,01 menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting. Hasil uji multivariat membuktikan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh dengan stunting yaitu tinggi badan ibu. Variabel pekerjaan, pendidikan, pendapatan dan pengeluaran, jumlah anggota keluarga, dan tinggi badan ayah tidak menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna terhadap kejadian stunting.Kesimpulan: Faktor sosioemografi bukan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting

Genetically engineered bacteriophage delivers a tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist coating on neural electrodes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Young Jun; Nam, Chang-Hoon; Jin, Young-Hyun; Stieglitz, Thomas; Salieb-Beugelaar, Georgette B

2014-01-01

This paper reports a novel approach for the formation of anti-inflammatory surface coating on a neural electrode. The surface coating is realized using a recombinant f88 filamentous bacteriophage, which displays a short platinum binding motif and a tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist (TNF-α antagonist) on p3 and p8 proteins, respectively. The recombinant bacteriophages are immobilized on the platinum surface by a simple dip coating process. The selective and stable immobilization of bacteriophages on a platinum electrode is confirmed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, atomic force microscope and fluorescence microscope. From the in vitro cell viability test, the inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) induced cell death was prevented by presenting recombinant bacteriophage coating, albeit with no significant cytotoxic effect. It is also observed that the bacteriophage coating does not have critical effects on the electrochemical properties such as impedance and charge storage capacities. Thus, this approach demonstrates a promising anti-apoptotic as well as anti-inflammatory surface coating for neural implant applications. (paper)

Faktor Penghambat Operasionalisasi Kunjungan Rumah di SMA Negeri se-Kota Semarang

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juwita Nasruddin

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Penelitian dilaksanakan berdasarkan fenomena di lapangan pada saat penulis melaksanakan Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL di SMP Negeri 8 Semarang dan observasi awal di SMA Negeri 8 Semarang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apa faktor penghambat operasionalisasi Home Visit di SMA Negeri se-kota Semarang tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis penelitian survei. Untuk populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua guru BK di SMA se-kota Semarang yaitu sejumlah 59 guru BK. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sejumlah populasi yang ada. Sedangkan instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan angket. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif persentase. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa faktor penghambat operasionalisasi Home Visit di SMA Negeri se-kota Semarang mengalami hambatan cukup tinggi dengan presentase sebesar 65,03%. Simpulan yang didapatkan adalah Faktor Penghambat Operasionalisasi Kunjungan Rumah (Home visit di SMA Negeri se-kota Semarang adalah kurangnya pemahaman dari guru BK berkaitan dengan Home Visit. Adapun saran yang diberikan kepada guru BK SMA Negeri se-kota Semarang adalah untuk mempelajari hakikat Home Visit dan melaksanakan prosedur operasionalisasi Home Visit dengan baik dan benar dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, analisis evaluasi, tindak lanjut hingga laporan. The research was conducted based on the phenomenon on the ground when implementing writer Practice Field Experience (PPL in SMPN 8 Semarang and preliminary observations in SMAN 8 Semarang. The purpose of this study to determine what factors inhibiting the operation of the Home Visit at all SMA Negeri in Semarang throughout the academic year 2014/2015. The type research used by the writer in this study is a survey research. The population in this study were all counselors at SMA in Semarang city. There were 59 counselors. The sample used were as many as the population

Revisorers väsentlighetsbedömningar : Vilka faktorer påverkar revisorers professionella bedömningar av väsentlighetsnivån?

OpenAIRE

Undevall, Anton; Stålbrand, Sebastian

2016-01-01

Förutom standarder och riktlinjer utgör revisorns egna professionella bedömningar en stor del av hur denna bedömer väsentlighetsnivån vid en revision. Tidigare studier har funnit flertalet bakomliggande faktorer som påverkar denna bedömning. 2011 implementerades ISA i Sverige varför det finns ett intresse att undersöka vad denna standard har haft för påverkan på svenska revisorers väsentlighetsbedömning.  Studiens resultat visar att tre faktorer av de som ingår i studien kan förklara variatio...

E2eUberIM

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wac, Katarzyna; Cummings, Mark; Dey, Jayanta

2016-01-01

, high-quality services, we propose an innovative end-to-end service management framework called e2eUberIM. This framework contains a scalable, flexible, and volatile information model (UberIM) and a real-time, "organic" communication and storage process (e2eUber). It leverages the proprietary interfaces...... of different vendors, enabling the resulting enhanced operations system environment to automatically and in real-time optimize operational overhead while maximizing the user experience, and quickly field new innovative, composed "any-services" (XaaS). We document the e2eUberIM requirements and its design...

Imágenes e identidades

OpenAIRE

Guerrini, Sebastión

2013-01-01

Las identidades se estructuran en un proceso de identificación continua con imágenes. Esto afecta no solo a las identidades de las personas, sino también a las de las instituciones, organizaciones y empresas. En este sentido, el rol de ser del Diseño en Comunicación Visual es intentar afectar a las identidades de los espectadores de sus imágenes. Por esta razón, primero es importante definir qué son las imágenes. Facultad de Bellas Artes

λ (Δim) -statistical convergence of order α

Science.gov (United States)

Colak, Rifat; Et, Mikail; Altin, Yavuz

2017-09-01

In this study, using the generalized difference operator Δim and a sequence λ = (λn) which is a non-decreasing sequence of positive numbers tending to ∞ such that λn+1 ≤ λn+1, λ1 = 1, we introduce the concepts of λ (Δim) -statistical convergence of order α (α ∈ (0, 1]) and strong λ (Δim) -Cesàro summablility of order α (α > 0). We establish some connections between λ (Δim) -statistical convergence of order α and strong λ (Δim) -Cesàro summablility of order α. It is shown that if a sequence is strongly λ (Δim) -Cesàro summable of order α, then it is λ (Δim) -statistically convergent of order β in case 0 < α ≤ β ≤ 1.

Ablation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase class II alpha suppresses hepatoma cell proliferation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ng, Stanley K.L. [Singapore Immunology Network A-STAR (Singapore); Neo, Soek-Ying, E-mail: neo_soek_ying@sics.a-star.edu.sg [Singapore Immunology Network A-STAR (Singapore); Yap, Yann-Wan [Singapore Immunology Network A-STAR (Singapore); Karuturi, R. Krishna Murthy; Loh, Evelyn S.L. [Genome Institute of Singapore A-STAR (Singapore); Liau, Kui-Hin [Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital (Singapore); Ren, Ee-Chee, E-mail: ren_ee_chee@immunol.a-star.edu.sg [Singapore Immunology Network A-STAR (Singapore); Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (Singapore)

2009-09-18

Cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by complex perturbations in multiple signaling pathways, including the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K/AKT) pathways. Herein we investigated the role of PI3K catalytic isoforms, particularly class II isoforms in HCC proliferation. Among the siRNAs tested against the eight known catalytic PI3K isoforms, specific ablation of class II PI3K alpha (PIK3C2{alpha}) was the most effective in impairing cell growth and this was accompanied by concomitant decrease in PIK3C2{alpha} mRNA and protein levels. Colony formation ability of cells deficient for PIK3C2{alpha} was markedly reduced and growth arrest was associated with increased caspase 3 levels. A small but significant difference in gene dosage and expression levels was detected between tumor and non-tumor tissues in a cohort of 19 HCC patients. Taken together, these data suggest for the first time that in addition to class I PI3Ks in cancer, class II PIK3C2{alpha} can modulate HCC cell growth.

Advanced Interval Management (IM) Concepts of Operations

Science.gov (United States)

Barmore, Bryan E.; Ahmad, Nash'at N.; Underwood, Matthew C.

2014-01-01

This document provides a high-level description of several advanced IM operations that NASA is considering for future research and development. It covers two versions of IM-CSPO and IM with Wake Mitigation. These are preliminary descriptions to support an initial benefits analysis

PENGGUNAAN METODE STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING UNTUK ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA FIP UMJ

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Ririn Widiyasari

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor apa saja  yang mempengaruhi motivasi belajar mahasiswa, apakah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara cara belajar, fasilitas belajar dan lingkungan belajar terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa, serta faktor mana yang paling berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 192 mahasiswa (FIP UMJ angkatan tahun 2013-2015 yang aktif mengikuti perkuliahan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode kuantitatif survey. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan  kuesioner dengan skala likert. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, dan analisis  Structural Equation Modeling (SEM berbantuan program LISREL 8.3. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji Chi-square dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel cara belajar memiliki kontribusi yang paling besar, selanjutnya variabel kedua yang berkontribusi meningkatkan motivasi belajar adalah lingkungan belajar dan terakhir fasilitas belajar memberikan pengaruh yang paling kecil terhadap motivasi belajar. Jadi, variabel laten cara belajar dan lingkungan belajar berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar dan fasilitas belajar berpengaruh negatif terhadap motivasi belajar.

Integrating IMS Learning Design and IMS Question and Test Interoperability using CopperCore Service Integration

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vogten, Hubert; Martens, Harrie; Nadolski, Rob; Tattersall, Colin; Van Rosmalen, Peter; Koper, Rob

2006-01-01

Please, cite this publication as: Vogten, H., Martens, H., Nadolski, R., Tattersall, C., van Rosmalen, P., & Koper, R. (2006). Integrating IMS Learning Design and IMS Question and Test Interoperability using CopperCore Service Integration. Proceedings of International Workshop in Learning Networks

Dissociative symptoms reflect levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with unipolar depression

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Bizik G

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Gustav Bizik,1 Petr Bob,1 Jiri Raboch,1 Josef Pavlat,1 Jana Uhrova,2 Hana Benakova,2 Tomas Zima2 1Center for Neuropsychiatric Research of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry and UHSL, 2Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Abstract: Recent evidence indicates that the nature of interactions between the nervous system and immune system is important in the pathogenesis of depression. Specifically, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines have been related to the development of several psychological and neurobiological manifestations of depressive disorder, as well as to stress exposure. A number of findings point to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α as one of the central factors in these processes. Accordingly, in the present study, we test the hypothesis that specific influences of chronic stressors related to traumatic stress and dissociation are related to alterations in TNF-α levels. We performed psychometric measurement of depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]-II, traumatic stress symptoms (Trauma Symptom Checklist [TSC]-40, and psychological and somatoform dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale [DES] and Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire [SDQ]-20, respectively, and immunochemical measure of serum TNF-α in 66 inpatients with unipolar depression (mean age 43.1 ± 7.3 years. The results show that TNF-α is significantly related to DES (Spearman R=−0.42, P<0.01, SDQ-20 (Spearman R=−0.38, P<0.01, and TSC-40 (Spearman R=−0.41, P<0.01, but not to BDI-II. Results of the present study suggest that TNF-α levels are related to dissociative symptoms and stress exposure in depressed patients. Keywords: depression, dissociation, TNF-alpha, traumatic stress

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TURNOVER INTENTIONS PADA STAF KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK

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Agus Arianto Toly

2001-01-01

Full Text Available The high level of turnover intentions by accountant staffs had raised the potential cost for public accountant firms. The prior research done by Suwandi and Indriantoro (1999 had succesfully identified the process of turnover intentions, which related to the antecedents and consequences of job insecurity. The responses of 30 accountant staffs from some public accountant firms to a questionnaire designed to measure variables were analyzed using a Pearson's correlation coefficient. The result of this study was not generally consistent with Suwandi and Indriantoro (1999 because some hypotheses were rejected. This study identified that public accountant firm must be noticed organizational factors, such as organizational commitment, role conflict, role ambiguity, and organizational change. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Tingkat keinginan berpindah yang tinggi para staf akuntan telah menimbulkan biaya potensial untuk Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP. Penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Suwandi dan Indriantoro (1999 telah berhasil mengidentifikasi proses keinginan berpindah, yang berhubungan dengan anteseden dan konsekuensi dari ketidakamanan kerja. Respon 30 staf akuntan dari beberapa KAP terhadap kuesioner yang dibuat untuk mengukur berbagai variabel, dianalisis menggunakan kofisien korelasi Pearson. Hasil dari studi ini secara umum tidak konsisten dengan Suwandi dan Indriantoro (1999 karena ditolaknya beberapa hipotesis. Studi ini mengidentifikasi bahwa KAP harus memberi perhatian terhadap beberapa faktor organisasional, seperti komitmen organisasional, konflik peran, ketidakjelasan peran, dan perubahan organisasional. Kata kunci: konflik peran; ketidakjelasan peran; perubahan organisasional; ketidakamanan kerja; komitmen organisasional; keinginan berpindah.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are positively associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Science.gov (United States)

Yeo, Eun-Sil; Hwang, Ji-Yun; Park, Ji Eun; Choi, Young Ju; Huh, Kap Bum; Kim, Wha Young

2010-07-01

Chronic low-grade inflammation may induce chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study investigated the relation between inflammatory biomarkers and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, which has not yet been reported in Asian populations. A cross-sectional study was performed in 543 patients recruited from diabetic clinics for an ongoing, prospective study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between inflammatory biomarkers and the presence of chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate Disease equation using plasma creatinine). The risk of chronic kidney disease increased in the highest quartiles of C-reactive protein (CRP) [multivariate odds ratio (OR) = 3.73; 95% CI = 1.19-1.70] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (multivariate OR = 4.45; 95% CI = 1.63-12.11) compared to the lowest quartiles after adjustments for age, sex, zinc intake, and other putative risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Our results suggest that CRP and tumor necrosis factor-alpha may be independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. A causal mechanism of this association should be evaluated in a followup study of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.

PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR DALAM MODIFIED UNIFIED THEORY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 (UTAUT 2 TERHADAP NIAT PROSPECTIVE USERS UNTUK MENGADOPSI HOME DIGITAL SERVICES PT. TELKOM DI SURABAYA

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Gioliano Putra

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Home Digital Service TELKOM merupakan teknologi yang penting bagi kemajuan inovasi teknologi, perekonomian negara, serta target pemerintah dan perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor dalam modified UTAUT2 yang memengaruhi niat prospectiv users untuk mengadopsi Home Digital Service PT TELKOM di Surabaya, seberapa besar pengaruh variabel yang memoderasi pengaruh antarkonstruk dan kemampuan prediksi modified UTAUT2 dalam memprediksi niat prospective users untuk mengadopsi Home Digital Service TELKOM di Surabaya. Dalam penelitian ini, 200 sampel dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS dengan smartPLS 2.0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa seluruh konstruk eksogen memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap konstruk endogen. Hedonic motivation, social influence, price value, facilitating condition, effort expectancy, dan performance expectancy memiliki pengaruh sebesar 0,260; 0,194; 0,138; 0,116; 0,094; dan 0,090. Variabel rnoderasi age (usia memoderasi pengaruh facilitating condition dan price value terhadap niat (behavioral intention prospective users untuk mengadopsi Home Digital Service di Surabaya. Sernentara variabel moderasi jenis kelamin (gender hanya memoderasi pengaruh performance expectancy, social influence, dan price value terhadap niat (behavioral intention prospective users untuk mengadopsi Home Digital Service di Surabaya. Modified UTAUT2 dalam penelitian ini dapat memprediksi 54.8% behavioral intention penggunaan Home Digital Service PT. TELKOM di Surabaya.

Inhibition of 125I organification and thyroid hormone release by interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma in human thyrocytes in suspension culture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, K.; Satoh, T.; Shizume, K.; Ozawa, M.; Han, D.C.; Imamura, H.; Tsushima, T.; Demura, H.; Kanaji, Y.; Ito, Y.

1990-01-01

To elucidate the mechanism of decreased 131I uptake by the thyroid gland in patients with subacute thyroiditis and painless thyroiditis, human thyroid follicles were cultured with interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), and/or interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), and the effects of these cytokines on thyroid function were studied in vitro. When human thyrocytes were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 0.5% fetal calf serum and TSH for 5-8 days, the cells incorporated 125I, synthesized de novo [125I]iodotyrosines and [125I]iodothyronines, and secreted [125I]T4 and [125I]T3 into the medium. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta inhibited 125I incorporation and [125I]iodothyronine release in a concentration-dependent manner. The minimal inhibitory effect was detected at 10 pg/ml. Electron microscopic examination revealed a marked decrease in lysosome formation in IL-1-treated thyrocytes. TNF alpha and IFN gamma also inhibited thyroid function in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, when thyrocytes were cultured with IL-1, TNF alpha and IFN gamma, these cytokines more than additively inhibited thyroid function. Although the main mechanism of 131I uptake suppression in the thyroid gland in subacute thyroiditis is due to cellular damage and suppression of TSH release, our present findings suggest that IL-1, TNF alpha, and IFN gamma produced in the inflammatory process within the thyroid gland further inhibit iodine incorporation and at least partly account for the decreased 131I uptake by the thyroid gland in destruction-induced hyperthyroidism

PENGARUH FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PETANI DALAM MEMBANGUN HUTAN RAKYAT (Studi di Desa Ranggang, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan

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Idin Saepudin Ruhimat

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Hutan rakyat memiliki peranan penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Optimasi terhadap peranan penting hutan rakyat dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan perhatian kepada faktor psikologis yang berpengaruh terhadap keputusan petani dalam membangun hutan rakyat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor psikologis (sikap, persepsi, dan motivasi terhadap keputusan petani dalam membangun hutan rakyat di Desa Ranggang baik secara bersama-sama maupun masing-masing. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Ranggang, Kecamatan Takisung, Kabupatan Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian survey eksplanasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analasis jalur (path analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1 faktor  psikologis yang terdiri dari sikap, persepsi dan motivasi  secara bersama-sama berpengaruh nyata sebesar 52,90 % terhadap keputusan petani dalam membangun hutan rakyat di Desa Ranggang, dan (2 faktor  psikologis yang terdiri dari sikap, persepsi dan motivasi  secara masing-masing berpengaruh nyata sebesar 12,60 % untuk sikap, 11,36 % untuk persepsi, dan 9,86 % untuk motivasi terhadap keputusan petani dalam membangun hutan rakyat di Desa Ranggang. Community forest has an important role in Indonesian life. Optimization of the important role of community forest can be done by giving attention to the psychological factors that influence farmers' decisions in community forests development. This study aims to determine the influence of psychological factors (attitudes, perceptions, and motivations to farmers decision in community forest development in Ranggang Village either jointly or respectively. This Study was conducted in Ranggang Village, District Takisung, South Kalimantan use quantitative research design with explanatory survey research methods. Data were analyzed using path analysis. The results showed (1 psychological factors consisting of attitudes, perceptions and

Doxorubicin plus tumor necrosis factor alpha combination treatments in EL4-lymphoma-bearing C57BL/6 mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Ehrke, M J; Verstovsek, S; Ujházy, P; Meer, J M; Eppolito, C; Maccubbin, D L; Mihich, E

1998-02-01

The therapeutic efficacy of a total of 42 single-agent or combination protocols involving doxorubicin (Adriamycin, ADM) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) were evaluated in the syngeneic murine lymphoma model, C57BL/6-EL4. Combination treatments were the most effective and the therapeutic effects were schedule-dependent; e.g. it was generally advantageous for ADM to precede TNFalpha administration. Two protocols selected for further study were 4 mg/kg ADM i.v. on days 1 and 8 plus TNFalpha, i.v., at either 16000 U (7 microg)/injection, on days 1 and 8 or 4000 U (1.7 microg)/injection, on days 11-15. Survival of mice bearing one of four EL4 sublines having different in vitro drug sensitivities was assessed. These sublines were E10 (ADM-sensitive/TNFalpha-resistant), E16 (sensitive/sensitive), ER2 (ADM-resistant/TNFalpha-sensitive) and ER13 (resistant/resistant). Between 80% and 100% long-term survivors (i.e. tumor free on day 60) were obtained with the two treatments in mice bearing ADM-sensitive sublines, even though one of these sublines, E10, was resistant to TNFalpha in vitro. Induction of long-term survival appeared, therefore, to correlate with in vitro defined sensitivity/resistance to ADM, but not to TNFalpha Treatment-induced modulations of tumoricidal immune effector functions were also examined. Taken together, the results indicated that induction of long-term survival involved complex interactions of: (1) ADM-induced tumor modifications, including, but not limited to, tumor debulking, (2) combination-treatment-induced modifications of splenic cytolytic T cell and macrophage activities, and (3) the restoration of thymus cellularity. Finally, when long-term survivors resulting from treatment of E10- or E16-bearing mice were implanted with ER2 on day 120, the majority survived, indicating that long-term immune memory, capable of recognizing drug resistant variants, had been established.

STRESS PADA LANSIA MENJADI FAKTOR PENYEBAB DAN AKIBAT TERJADINYA PENYAKIT

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Nur Hidaayah

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Stress conditions in the elderly means an imbalance condition of biological, psychological, and social are closely related to the response to the threats and dangers faced by the elderly. Pressure or interference that is not fun is usually created when the elderly see a mismatch between the state and the 3 systems available resources. Maintenance actions that need to be done there are 2 types, namely : prevention of exposure to a stressor (precipitation factor and serious treatment of the imbalance condition/ illness (precipitation factor. Prevention includes: sports, hobbies, friendship, avoid eating foods high in free radicals and harmful substances, sex and setting arrangements adequate rest. Habits of the above if done at a young age to avoid exposure to stress in the elderly. Treatment of the imbalance condition / illness, include : drinking water, meditation, eating fresh fruit, and adequate rest.Abstrak : Kondisi stres pada lansia berarti ketidakseimbangan kondisi biologis, psikologis, dan sosial yang erat kaitannya dengan respons terhadap ancaman dan bahaya yang dihadapi pada lanjut usia. Adanya tekanan atau gangguan yang tidak menyenangkan yang biasanya tercipta ketika lansia tersebut melihat ketidaksepadanan antara keadaan dan 3 sistem sumber daya yang dimiliki. Tindakan perawatan yang perlu dilakukan ada 2 jenis yaitu pencegahan dari paparan stressor (faktor presipitasi dan penanganan serius terhadap ketidakseimbangan kondisi/ sakit (faktor presipitasi. Pencegahannya meliputi: olah raga, penyaluran hobi, persahabatan, menghindari makan makanan tinggi radikal bebas dan zat berbahaya, pengaturan kegiatan seks dan pengaturan istirahat yang cukup. Kebiasaan tersebut diatas jika dilakukan sejak usia muda dapat menghindarkan paparan stres di lanjut usia. Penanganan terhadap ketidakseimbangan kondisi/ sakit, meliputi : minum air putih, meditasi, makan buah segar, dan istirahat yang cukup. 

miR-19a promotes colitis-associated colorectal cancer by regulating tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3-NF-κB feedback loops.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, T; Xu, X; Xu, Q; Ren, J; Shen, S; Fan, C; Hou, Y

2017-06-08

Chronic inflammation is believed to have a crucial role in colon cancer development. MicroRNA (miRNA) deregulation is common in human colorectal cancers, but little is known regarding whether miRNA drives tumor progression by regulating inflammation. Here, we showed that miR-19a can promote colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) development using a CAC mouse model and an acute colitis mouse model. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) stimulation can increase miR-19a expression, and upregulated miR-19a can in turn activate nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling and TNF-α production by targeting TNF alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3). miR-19a inhibition can also alleviate CAC in vivo. Moreover, the regulatory effects of miR-19a on TNFAIP3 and NF-κB signaling were confirmed using tumor samples from patients with colon cancer. These new findings demonstrate that miR-19a has a direct role in upregulating NF-κB signaling and that miR-19a has roles in inflammation and CAC.

Contribution for new genetic markers of rheumatoid arthritis activity and severity: sequencing of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter.

Science.gov (United States)

Fonseca, João Eurico; Cavaleiro, João; Teles, José; Sousa, Elsa; Andreozzi, Valeska L; Antunes, Marília; Amaral-Turkman, Maria A; Canhão, Helena; Mourão, Ana F; Lopes, Joana; Caetano-Lopes, Joana; Weinmann, Pamela; Sobral, Marta; Nero, Patrícia; Saavedra, Maria J; Malcata, Armando; Cruz, Margarida; Melo, Rui; Braña, Araceli; Miranda, Luis; Patto, José V; Barcelos, Anabela; da Silva, José Canas; Santos, Luís M; Figueiredo, Guilherme; Rodrigues, Mário; Jesus, Herberto; Quintal, Alberto; Carvalho, Teresa; da Silva, José A Pereira; Branco, Jaime; Queiroz, Mário Viana

2007-01-01

The objective of this study was to assess whether clinical measures of rheumatoid arthritis activity and severity were influenced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) promoter genotype/haplotype markers. Each patient's disease activity was assessed by the disease activity score using 28 joint counts (DAS28) and functional capacity by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score. Systemic manifestations, radiological damage evaluated by the Sharp/van der Heijde (SvdH) score, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug use, joint surgeries, and work disability were also assessed. The promoter region of the TNF-alpha gene, between nucleotides -1,318 and +49, was sequenced using an automated platform. Five hundred fifty-four patients were evaluated and genotyped for 10 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, but 5 of these markers were excluded due to failure to fall within Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium or to monomorphism. Patients with more than 10 years of disease duration (DD) presented significant associations between the -857 SNP and systemic manifestations, as well as joint surgeries. Associations were also found between the -308 SNP and work disability in patients with more than 2 years of DD and radiological damage in patients with less than 10 years of DD. A borderline effect was found between the -238 SNP and HAQ score and radiological damage in patients with 2 to 10 years of DD. An association was also found between haplotypes and the SvdH score for those with more than 10 years of DD. An association was found between some TNF-alpha promoter SNPs and systemic manifestations, radiological progression, HAQ score, work disability, and joint surgeries, particularly in some classes of DD and between haplotypes and radiological progression for those with more than 10 years of DD.

DMPD: Distinct functions of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in IFN-alpha gene regulation and controlof anti-tumor activity in primary macrophages. [Dynamic Macrophage Pathway CSML Database

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 16846591 Distinct functions of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in IFN-alpha gene regulation and con...cott J. Biochem Pharmacol. 2006 Nov 30;72(11):1469-76. Epub 2006 Jul 17. (.png) (.svg) (.html) (.csml) Show Distinct function...anti-tumor activity in primary macrophages. PubmedID 16846591 Title Distinct functions of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in

Faktor yang berhubungan dengan preferensi konsumen street food pada mahasiswa Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Endah Budi Permana P.

2016-08-01

kontaminasi mikroorganisme melalui makanan seperti penyakit tifus dan hepatitis A.Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan preferensi konsumen street food pada mahasiswa Universitas Gadjah Mada.Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian sebesar 96 orang mahasiswa S1 Universitas Gadjah Mada angkatan 2012 yang diambil secara cluster sampling. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner preferensi konsumen street food, karakteristik individu, dan makanan.Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi yaitu koefi sien kontingensi dan Spearman, sedangkan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik.Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin (RR:1,60, p=0,012, pendapatan RR:1,36, p=0,017, dan harga makanan (RR:0,52, p=0,001 merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan preferensi konsumen street food kelompok menu utama (RR:27,75, p=0,000, sedangkan pengetahuan gizi dan higiene sanitasi makanan (RR:1,25, p=0,000 merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan preferensi konsumen street food kelompok buah-buahan pada mahasiswa Universitas Gadjah Mada. Kesimpulan: Jenis kelamin, pendapatan, dan harga makanan berhubungan dengan preferensi konsumen street food kelompok menu utama. Pengetahuan gizi dan higiene sanitasi berhubungan dengan preferensi konsumen street food kelompok buah-buahan pada mahasiswa Universitas Gadjah Mada.KATA KUNCI: preferensi makan, konsumen, street food, mahasiswa

Expressão dos filamentos intermediários no diagnóstico dos tumores mamários de cadelas Expression of intermediate filaments in canine mammary tumors diagnosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D.A.P.C. Zuccari

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados anticorpos monoclonais para marcação imunoistoquímica dos tecidos tumorais e obtenção de informações sobre a histogênese dos tumores mamários utilizando-se anti-citoqueratinas para marcação de células epiteliais, e anti-actina e anti-vimentina para células mioepiteliais. O procedimento imunoistoquímico mostrou-se esclarecedor com relação à histogênese dos tumores mamários, confirmando a marcação de células epiteliais com as citoqueratinas que perdem sua expressão na transformação celular maligna. A alfa-actina e a vimentina mostraram-se eficientes na marcação de células mioepiteliais. A alfa-actina diminuiu a marcação na metaplasia óssea ou cartilaginosa contrariamente à vimentina cuja marcação foi aumentada. Os resultados permitem melhor entendimento da classificação dos tumores mamários de cadelas com a utilização de anticorpos monoclonais como marcadores do citoesqueleto, que se mostraram eficientes nessa caracterização.Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to study the histogenesis of canine mammary tumors and to contribute to a better understanding of their classification. Monoclonal antibodies specific for different types of intermediate filaments (cytokeratins, vimentin, alpha-actin were used. Epithelial cells stained positively for cytokeratins and their expression was lost as the malignant transformation occurs. Myoepithelial cells stained positively for vimentin and alpha-actin. In contrast to vimentin, alpha-actin lost the expression as the cartilaginous or osseous metaplasia occurs. Immunohistochemical evaluation with monoclonal antibodies proved to be efficient for identification of tumor histogenesis. alpha-actin were used. Epithelial cells stained positively for cytokeratins and their expression was lost as the malignant transformation occurs. Myoepithelial cells stained positively for vimentin and alpha-actin. In contrast to vimentin, alpha-actin lost the expression

Model Persamaan Faktor Koreksi pada Proses Sedimentasi dalam Keadaan Free Settling

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Roessiana D L

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Sedimentasi adalah proses pengendapan padatan yang terkandung dalam cairan oleh gaya gravitasi. Pada umumnya proses sedimentasi dilakukan setelah proses koagulasi dan flokulasi, tujuannya adalah untuk memperbesar partikel padatan agar menjadi lebih berat dan dapat tenggelam dalam waktu lebih singkat. Ukuran dan bentuk partikel mempengaruhi rasio permukaan terhadap volume partikel sedangkan konsentrasi partikel mempengaruhi pemilihan tipe bak sedimentasi. Semua factor ini mempengaruhi kecepatan mengendap partikel pada sedimentasi, karena itu membutuhkan kecepatan turunnya partikel untuk mendesain bak sedimentasi yang efektif dan efisien.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperkirakan bentuk bentuk persamaan empiric yang merupakan faktor koreksi sebagai fungsi konsentrasi slurry mula-mula serta diameter partikel. Persamaan faktor koreksi dibuat berdasarkan data hasil perhitungan dari persamaan Stokes-Newton, Farag, Fergusson-Church serta persamaan Gibbs-Mathew-Link ternadap data percobaan. Percobaan yang dilakukan adalah mula-mula gaplek dihancurkan kemudian dicampur air lalu dimasukkan ke dalam tabung kaca setinggi 100 cm. Tinggi lapisan padatan yang turun ke bawah dicatat tingginya tiap 3 menit, pencatatan dihentikan setelah beda tinggi lapisan padatan yang diukur tiap 3 menit sudah mulai menurun. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menvariasikan konsentrasi tepung tapioka dalam umpan dari 0,5% sampai 5%, serta diameter partikel antara 0,057 mm sampai 0,1245 mm.Dari hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa persamaan F yang paling cocok adalah bila dikalikan dengan Farag Law dengan persamaan F = 480.941. X 1(0,0751 .X 2(1,7777. . Jadi persamaan kecepatan sedimentasi yang paling baik adalah : gd p 2  s   f  f 2 V = . F 18  f b  

Flavonoids-induced accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha/2alpha is mediated through chelation of iron.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Sung-Soo; Bae, Insoo; Lee, Yong J

2008-04-15

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) is the regulatory subunit of the heterodimeric transcription factor HIF-1 that is the key regulator of cellular response to low oxygen tension. Under normoxic conditions, HIF-1alpha is continuously degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway through pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein). Under hypoxic conditions, HIF-1alpha is stabilized and induces the transcription of HIF-1 target genes. Quercetin, a flavonoid with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and kinase modulating properties, has been found to induce HIF-1alpha accumulation and VEGF secretion in normoxia. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of quercetin-mediated HIF-1alpha accumulation were investigated. Previous studies have shown that, in addition to being induced by hypoxia, HIF-1alpha can be induced through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and p53 signaling pathways. But our study revealed, through p53 mutant-type as well as p53 null cell lines, that neither the PI3K/Akt nor the p53 signaling pathway is required for quercetin-induced HIF-1alpha accumulation. And we observed that HIF-1alpha accumulated by quercetin is not ubiquitinated and the interaction of HIF-1alpha with pVHL is reduced, compared with HIF-1alpha accumulated by the proteasome inhibitor MG132. The use of quercetin's analogues showed that only quercetin and galangin induce HIF-1/2alpha accumulation and this effect is completely reversed by additional iron ions. This is because quercetin and galangin are able to chelate cellular iron ions that are cofactors of HIF-1/2alpha proline hydroxylase (PHD). These data suggest that quercetin inhibits the ubiquitination of HIF-1/2alpha in normoxia by hindering PHD through chelating iron ions.