Trace element and strontium isotope characteristics of volcanic rocks from Isla Tortuga: a young seamount in the Gulf of California

Science.gov (United States)

Batiza, Rodey; Futa, K.; Hedge, C.E.

1979-01-01

Isla Tortuga is a small isolated central volcano which is located near an actively spreading trough in the Gulf of California. The basalt lavas from Tortuga which have the highest Mg/Fe and Ni contents have trace element abundances and ratios and 87Sr/86Sr which are similar to those of mid-ocean ridge tholeiite. The major element, rare earth element and Sr abundances of fractionated tholeiite (low Mg/Fe) and tholeiitic andesite of Tortuga are consistent with an origin by closed-system fractional crystallization. This hypothesis is not supported by K, Na, Rb and Ba abundances in the lavas nor by their variable 87Sr/86Sr (0.7024-0.7035). It is proposed that the apparent decoupling of light rare earth elements, other incompatible trace elements and 87Sr/86Sr is due to contamination of some Tortuga magmas while they are fractionated in a high-level crustal magma chamber. The mantle source of least-contaminated, high Mg/Fe basalt lavas of Tortuga is similar, although not identical to the source of normal mid-ocean ridge tholeiite; significant differences exist. The reasons for these differences are not yet known. ?? 1979.

Trace element and strontium isotope characteristics of volcanic rocks from Isla Tortuga: a young seamount in the Gulf of California

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batiza, R.

1979-01-01

Isla Tortuga is a small isolated central volcano which is located near an actively spreading trough in the Gulf of California. The basalt lavas from Tortuga which have the highest Mg/Fe and Ni contents have trace element abundances and ratios and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr which are similar to those of mid-ocean ridge tholeiite. The major element, rare earth element and Sr abundances of fractionated tholeiiite (low Mg/Fe) and tholeite andesite of Tortuga are consistent with an origin by closed-system fractional crystallization. This hypothesis is not supported by K, Na, Rb and Ba abundances in the lavas nor by their variable 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (0.7024-0.7035). It is proposed that the apparent decoupling of light rare earth elements, other incompatible trace elements and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr is due to contamination of some Tortuga magmas while they are fractionated in a high-level crustal magma chamber. The mantle source of least-contaminated, high Mg/Fe basalt lavas of Tortuga is similar, although not identical to the source of normal mid-ocean ridge tholeiite; significant differences exist. The reasons for these differences are not yet known. (Auth.)

Trace element and strontium isotope characteristics of volcanic rocks from Isla Tortuga: a young seamount in the Gulf of California

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Batiza, R [Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (USA). McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences; Futa, K; Hedge, C E [Geological Survey, Denver, CO (USA)

1979-05-01

Isla Tortuga is a small isolated central volcano which is located near an actively spreading trough in the Gulf of California. The basalt lavas from Tortuga which have the highest Mg/Fe and Ni contents have trace element abundances and ratios and /sup 87/Sr//sup 86/Sr which are similar to those of mid-ocean ridge tholeiite. The major element, rare earth element and Sr abundances of fractionated tholeiite (low Mg/Fe) and tholeiite andesite of Tortuga are consistent with an origin by closed-system fractional crystallization. This hypothesis is not supported by K, Na, Rb and Ba abundances in the lavas nor by their variable /sup 87/Sr//sup 86/Sr (0.7024 to 0.7035). It is proposed that the apparent decoupling of light rare earth elements, other incompatible trace elements and /sup 87/Sr//sup 86/Sr is due to contamination of some Tortuga magmas while they are fractionated in a high-level crustal magma chamber. The mantle source of least-contaminated, high Mg/Fe basalt lavas of Tortuga is similar, although not identical to the source of normal mid-ocean ridge tholeiite; significant differences exist. The reasons for these differences are not yet known.

Benthic Habitat Mapping - Dry Tortugas RoxAnn Acoustic Sensor Data Points

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — During April 2001 RoxAnn single-beam acoustic surveys were conducted at the North Unit of the Tortugas Ecological Reserve, Florida. Thirteen transects associated...

Redescription of Coryphopterus tortugae (Jordan) and a new allied species Coryphopterus bol (Perciformes: Gobiidae: Gobiinae) from the tropical western Atlantic Ocean

OpenAIRE

Victor, Benjamin C.

2008-01-01

A re-examination of the holotype and mtDNA barcoding confirms Garzon-Ferreira and Acero’s separation of Coryphopterus tortugae from C. glaucofraenum. However, specimens matching the markings of their Santa Marta variant of C. tortugae comprise a distinct clade about 10% sequence divergent from true C. tortugae and C. glauco-fraenum. The variant is described here as a new species, the sand-canyon goby Coryphopterus bol, from specimens collected in Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, and the At...

Radiographic anatomy aspects and gastrointestinal transit time in Podocnemis unifilis troschel, 1848 (Testudines, Podocnemididae). = Aspectos anátomo-radiográficos e tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal em Podocnemis unifilis troschel, 1848 (Testudines, Podocnemididae)

OpenAIRE

Fernando Moraes Machado Brito; Lucélia Gonçalves Vieira; Cirilo Antônio Paula Lima; Carlos Gomes Ferreira; José Guilherme Souza Pinto; André Luiz Quagliatto Santos

2010-01-01

The present study analyzed the radiographic anatomy and determined thegastrointestinal transit time of Podocnemis unifilis. We used ten animals belonging to LAPAS from the Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The animals were orally fed with a barium sulphate suspension at 10 mL kg-1 mixed with mineral oil, at a ratio of 70% of barium sulphate for 30% of mineral oil. Afterwards, the animals underwent radiography in a dorsum ventriloquoal position, with the...

Las huellas de tortuga del Grupo Oncala (Berriasiense, Cuenca de Cameros, España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pascual-Arribas, C.

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Although the dinosaur footprints are very frequent in the Oncala Group (Cameros Basin, it does not happen with the tracks of other reptiles, especially in the case of crocodiles and turtles. Up to now, only one ichnogenus freshwater turtle track morphotype (Emydhipus is known in this group, and it is possible the existence of other terrestrial tortoises tracks. The finding of new tracks and the general review of the known material, suggest that the turtle tracks are more variable and widespread than we previously thought, which corresponds with the existence of a large representation of a recently recognized turtle genus from the Lower Cretaceous of Cameros Basin and also from the whole the Iberian Peninsula.Aunque las huellas de dinosaurios son muy frecuentes en el Grupo Oncala (Berriasiense, Cuenca de Cameros, España, no sucede lo mismo con las de otros reptiles, sobre todo en el caso de cocodrilos y tortugas. Hasta ahora, en este Grupo, solo se conoce un icnogénero de tortuga de medios dulceacuícolas (Emydhipus y se ha planteado la posibilidad de la existencia de otro ocasionado por tortugas terrestres. El hallazgo de nuevas huellas y la revisión general de las ya conocidas ha permitido saber que la variedad de este tipo de icnitas es mucho más amplia de lo que se creía, lo cual concuerda con la existencia de una extensa representación de géneros de tortugas, reconocidos últimamente en el Cretácico inferior de la Cuenca de Cameros y en el resto de la Península Ibérica.

Centro TORTUGA's Integrated Research and Professional Development Training for Early Stage Hispanic Students in Puerto Rico

Science.gov (United States)

Moser, F. C.; Allen, M. R.; Barberena-Arias, M.; Clark, J.; Harris, L.; Maldonado, P. M.; Olivo-Delgado, C.; Pierson, J. J.

2017-12-01

Over the last five years our multidisciplinary team explored different undergraduate research and professional development (PD) strategies to improve early stage Hispanic student retention in marine science with the objective of interesting them in pursuing degrees that may ultimately lead to geoscience careers. This research led to the 2016 launch of our current project, Centro TORTUGA (Tropical Oceanography Research Training for Undergraduate Academics). Our overarching goal is to increase the number of underrepresented students from minority serving institutions in geoscience-relevant disciplines and careers. Critical to success is building a program rich in both research and PD. Based on qualitative and quantitative evaluations we found students benefited from PD efforts to increase skills in areas such as: 1) speaking and writing English; 2) science communication; 3) teamwork; 4) project management; and 5) completing internship/graduate school applications. To build student self-confidence, networking, and science skills Centro Tortuga involves students' families, bridges cultural gaps across research and non-research institutions inside and outside of Puerto Rico, and provides a gathering place (Centro TORTUGA) for students. With our partners, Universidad del Turabo (UT), Universidad Metropolitana (UMET), and University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences, we are now testing a 12-month integrated research and PD curriculum. Initial results suggest areas for improved student training include: 1) science communication (reports and graphs); 2) science ethics; and 3) poster and oral presentations. Students also identified specific preparation they would like included in the Centro TORTUGA curriculum.

Abundance, population structure and conservation of Podocnemis lewyana (Podocnemididae) at the Prado River, Colombia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez Zarate, Adriana; Montenegro, Olga; Castano Mora, Olga Victoria; Vargas Ramirez Mario

2014-01-01

Along the Prado River, at southeast of Colombia, there is a population of Podocnemis lewyana, an endemic and endangered river turtle. Relative abundance, population structure and conservation threats were determined using field data obtained in 2007 and 2009. Relative abundance was estimated by turtle catch per unit of time, which was used to compare between the two sampling years. Additionally, turtles per kilometer were counted in 2009 alone, to compare with other populations distributed in the north of the country. The population structure was determined by the frequency of individuals of several size classes and sex ratio of captured animals. Sexual dimorphism was examined in adult animals by morphometry. One hundred and ten turtles were captured in 2007 and 72 in 2009. The relative abundance of individuals observed was an averaged of 54.46 sightings/km representing the most abundant population of the country so far. The population's structure was characterized by a higher frequency of individuals of 21-30 cm maximum straight carapace length SCL and absence of individuals of less than 10 cm SCL or greater than 40 cm SCL. Sex ratio was 2.52:1 for 2007 and 2.75:1 for 2009, being higher for females. The main identified threats to the population of P. lewyana at Prado River were (i) alterations of habitat, (ii) changes in the natural flow of the river, (iii) the use of inappropriate fishing arts and (iv) probable interruption of migrations. Prado River is hereby proposed as priority area for further research and conservation of Podocnemis lewyana in the upper Magdalena River basin.

Avaliação da predação de Podocnemis expansa e Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines, Podocnemididae no rio Javaés, Tocantins Evaluation of predation in Podocnemis expansa and Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines, Podocnemididae in the Javaés River, Tocantins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giovanni Salera Junior

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Podocnemis expansa e P. unifilis são animais de vida longa, com uma demorada maturação sexual, o que influencia uma baixa taxa de substituição de indivíduos. Suas populações são caracterizadas por uma pequena mortalidade dos animais adultos, mas alta taxa de mortalidade de filhotes e embriões. Sendo a predação natural de ninhos e filhotes um dos fatores mais importantes do baixo sucesso de eclosão dessas espécies. No rio Javaés, os ovos e recém-eclodidos podem ser predados por uma grande diversidade de animais: dentre as aves, urubus (Coragyps atratus e Cathartes aura, carcará (Polyborus plancus, jaburu (Jabiru mycteria; lagartos (Tupinambis teguixin e mamíferos de pequeno porte, coati (Nasua nasua e cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous. Do total anual de desovas de P. unifilis em média 65,98% são predadas, sendo 41,68% de forma total e 24,30% parcialmente. Enquanto que apenas 5,31% das ninhadas de P. expansa são sempre parcialmente predadas. Dentre os predadores aquáticos existem diversos peixes, principalmente piranhas (Serrasalmus nattereri e jacarés (Melanosuchus niger e Caimam crocodilus. Os predadores das fêmeas de P. unifilis são: jacaré-açu (Melanosuchus niger, onça-pintada (Panthera onca e onça-parda (Puma concolor. Enquanto que as fêmeas de P. expansa em postura, somente são predadas por P. onca. As fêmeas de P. unifilis em postura são predadas num total médio de 3,93% anualmente, enquanto que para P. expansa a média anual é 5,66% das fêmeas.Podocnemis expansa and P. unifilis long lived with late sexual maturation, which influences a low replacement rate of individuals. Their populations are characterized by low adults mortality, but high mortality of embryos and hatchlings. The natural nest predation is an important factor for hatchling success. In Javaés River, the eggs and hatchlings can be predated by a large number of animals such as birds, vultures (Coragyps atratus and Cathartes aura, carcar

Habitat characterization of the Tortugas Ecological Reserve south using photographic and quadrat methods

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — We supply habitat characterization data along a single randomly oriented transect at each of 16 sampling stations in the Tortugas South Ecological Reserve. This...

Habitat characterization of the Tortugas Ecological Reserve south using photographic and quadrat methods.

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — We supply habitat characterization data along a single randomly oriented transect at each of 16 sampling stations in the Tortugas South Ecological Reserve. This...

Anatomia vascular das artérias renais natomia e gonadais de Podocnemis unifilis Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines, Pelomedusidae = Vascular anatomy of renal and gonadal arteries of Podocnemis unifilis Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines-Pelomedusidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de enriquecer o conhecimento sobre a morfologia vascular das artérias renais e gonadais de Podocnemis unifilis, facilitando o entendimento da fisiologia clínica e cirúrgica destes animais. Foram utilizados cincoexemplares machos de Podocnemis unifilis (tracajá, coletados segundo a Licença nº 066/2004- Ibama/RAM. A artéria carótida esquerda e a veia femoral direita foram canuladas e, pelas mesmas, foi introduzida solução fisiológica para lavagem do sistema vascular; em seguida,aplicou-se solução de Neoprene Látex “450” corada com pigmento específico (Globo S/A Tintas e Pigmentos. O material foi fixado em solução de Formol tamponado a 10% por um período mínimo de 96h. Uma abertura central e de formato quadrangular foi feita na metade caudal do plastrão e casco, de forma a expor os ramos da artéria aorta que irrigam os rins e as gônadas. Observou-se que as artérias renais se originam da face ventral da artéria aorta dorsal, em número de dois pares para cada rim e, em um único exemplar, elas originaram uma artéria renal direita e duas esquerdas. A artéria gonadal surgiu a partir da artéria renal, e apenas um par penetrou pela face dorsal de cada gônada.This work was developed with the aim of enriching knowledge on the vascular morphology of renal and gonadal arteries of Podocnemisunifilis, thus increasing the understanding of the clinical and surgical physiology of these animals. Five Podocnemis unifilis males were used, collected according to license no. 066/2004-Ibama/RAM.The left carotid artery and right femoral vein were cannulated, and a serum solution was introduced to remove obstructions from the vascular system. A solution of Neoprene Latex “450” dye was injected. The material was fixed in a solution of 10% formaldehyde for a period of 96 hours. Next, a square-shaped central opening was made in the caudal end of the plastron and bridge, exposing the branches

Análisis preliminar de la estructura primaria y secundaria del ARNtTrp en tortugas marinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harvey Infante-Rojas

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Actualmente existen siete especies de tortugas marinas, todas amenazadas o en riesgo inminente de extinción. Los estudios con ADN mitocondrial han permitido hacer acercamientos sobre filogenia, evolución, rutas migratorias y centros de dispersión, además para la identificación de polimorfismos y haplotipos, siendo base para planes de manejo y conservación. El presente estudio representa la primera descripción comparada de la estructura primaria y secundaria del ARNtTrp mitocondrial en tortugas marinas. Se realizó un alineamiento múltiple de 26 secuencias del gen que codifica para el ARNtTrp y se propuso la estructura secundaria utilizando el programa ARWEN. Se identificaron potenciales interacciones terciarias por homología comparada con el ARNtTrp de mamíferos. Los resultados mostraron una secuencia consenso de 76 bases con siete regiones conservadas que representan el 76 % de la molécula. Se identificaron polimorfismos que representan tres haplotipos para C. caretta, dos para C. mydas y uno para cada una de las demás especies. Las estructuras secundarias mostraron cambios nucleotídicos puntuales para cada especie y también mostraron que el tallo aceptor, el brazo TψC y el bucle anticodón son motivos conservados en el ARNtTrp de las tortugas marinas. Se encontró un enlace no canónico tipo A-A en el tallo DHU que podría considerarse característico de tortugas marinas. Además, se obtuvo una estructura secundaria consenso en donde se identificaron las siete regiones conservadas, seis posibles interacciones terciarias y el bucle DHU como región variable.

Diferentes estrategias de aprendizaje espacial en tortugas reveladas mediante un procedimiento de inversión en un laberinto radial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Salas

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Experimentos previos sugieren que las tortugas emplean diferentes estrategias de aprendizaje y memoria espacial. Estos diferentes sistemas de orientación podrían presentar propiedades conductuales específicas e implicar sistemas neurales diferenciados. En el presente trabajo se analiza la ejecución de tortugas en un procedimiento de inversión de una tarea de lugar y otra de guía, con el objetivo de investigar las características conductuales de estos diferentes sistemas de aprendizaje. Los datos revelaron que los animales entrenados en el procedimiento de lugar no mostraron diferencias significativas en la inversión de la tarea en comparación con el periodo de entrenamiento. Por el contrario, la conducta de los animales en el procedimiento de guía mostró un deterioro en la ejecución de la inversión de la tarea, incrementando el número de errores significativamente con respecto a los niveles de adquisición. Estos resultados sugieren que las tortugas entrenadas en el procedimiento de lugar podrían estar utilizando una estrategia relacional a modo de mapa cartográfico, mediante la codificación de las relaciones espaciales entre la meta y las claves extralaberinto. En contraste, las tortugas entrenadas en el procedimiento de guía recurrirían únicamente para resolver el problema a la clave intralaberinto asociada a la meta,ignorando las claves extralaberinto. Así, los resultados de este experimento sugieren que las tortugas resuelven tareas espaciales en base a estrategias de aprendizaje y memoria que muestran una estrecha semejanza a las descritas en mamíferos y en aves entrenados en procedimientos similares.

Conservación y recuperación de la tortuga Carey (eretmochelys imbricata) del pacífico oriental, en el caso de El Salvador.

OpenAIRE

Jandres, Mauricio V.; Liles, Michael; Mariona, Georgina I.; Segovia, Johanna V.

2008-01-01

Las tortugas carey (Eretmochelys imbricata) fueron en una época muy abundantes en el Pacífico Oriental (PO) pero en la actualidad es una de las poblaciones de tortugas marinas más amenazadas a nivel mundial. El Salvador es el país más pequeño de Centroamérica, y posee una alta densidad poblacional lo que ha llevado a la sobreexplotación de muchos de los recursos naturales del país, incluyendo a las especies de tortugas marinas. Donde se considera que aproximadamente el 99% de todos los huevos...

Eimeria species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae of podocnemis expansa (Schweigger and geochelone denticulata (LINN. from Amazonian Brazil (Reptilia: Chelonia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ralph Lainson

1990-12-01

Full Text Available Eimeria lagunculata, Eimeria mammiformis and Eimeria podocnemis n. spp., are described from the faeces of the fresh-water turtle Podocnemis expansa, in Pará State, north Brasil. Oocysts of E. lagunculata are ellipsoidal, 19.2 x 12.8 (17.0-20.7 x 11.8-14.1 mum, shape-index (= length/ width 1.5 (1.4-1.7. Oocyst wall about 0.5-0.7 mum thick, with a prominent stopper-like micropyle at one pole. No oocyst residuum and no polar body. Sporocysts elongate ellipsoidal, 11.0 x 5.4 (10.4-11.8 x 5.2-6.0 mum, shape-index 2.0 (1.8-2.1: no Stieda body. A compact, ellipsoidal sporocyst residuum lies between the two sporozoites, which possess a posterior and an anterior refractile body. Oocysts of E. mammiformis broadly ellipsoidal, 30.0 x 19.4 (23.0-37.0 x 16.3-21.5 mum, shape-index 1.5 (1.1-1.9. Oocyst wall about 0.7 mum thick, with a prominent micropyle: no oocyst residuum and rarely a single polar body. Sporocysts ellipsoidal, 15.3 x 7.9 (14.8-17.0 x 7.4-9.6 mum, shape-index 2.0 (1.8-2.2, with a tiny Stieda body. Sporocyst residuum bulky, ellipsoidal: sporozoites with two conspicuous refractile bodies. E. podocnemis has broadly ellipsoidal oocysts, 17.0 x 12.8 (14.8-19.2 x 11.8-14.1 mum, shape-index 1.3 (1.1-1.4. Oocyst wall about 0.5-0.7 mum thick, with no micropyle. No oocyst residuum, but always a single polar body. Sporocysts ellipsoidal, 9.7 x 5.2 (8.9-10.4 x 4.4-6.0 mum, shape-index 1.9 (1.6-2.0, with no Stieda body. Sporocyst residuum bulky, ellipsoidal: sporocysts with 2 refractile bodies. Eimeria carinii n. sp., is recorded from the tortoise Geochelone denticulata, also from Pará. Oocyst wall about 1.2 mum thicl. No micropyle. Oocyst residuum limited to a number (about 10-20 of scattered granules: no polar body. Sporocysts broadly ellipsoidal, and with no Stieda body: they measure 8,8 x 7.3 (8.0-9.0 x 7.0-7.5 mum, shape-index 1.2 (1.1-1.3. Sporocyst residuum bulky, spherical to ellipsoidal: sporozoites possess both posterior and anterior

Un nuevo ejemplar de tortuga gigante del Mioceno de Arévalo (Ávila)

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Fuentes, Emiliano; Acosta, Pilar; Fincias San Martín, Benito

1986-01-01

RESUMEN: Se describe un nuevo ejemplar de tortuga gigante, encontrado en el Mioceno (Vallesiense-Inferior) de Arévalo (Ávila), clasificado como un macho adulto de Cheirogaster (s.l.) richardi (Bergounioux 1938; emend. Jiménez 1984).

La Tortuga de l’Albera : proposta d’actuació per a la recuperació del seu hàbitat de nidificació

OpenAIRE

Claparols Fabri, Marina; Puigvert Vilaplana, Núria; Ribas Pujolàs, Meritxell; Robledo González-Rubio, Núria

2009-01-01

Estudi biològic de la tortuga mediterrània a la Serra de l’Albera, factors d’amenaça, creació de noves zones de posta i manteniment a llarg termini per tal d’augmentar la seva supervivència de cara a conservar i incrementar l’última població autòctona de tortuga mediterrània a la Península Ibèrica

Anatomia vascular das artérias renais e gonadais de Podocnemis unifilis Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines, Pelomedusidae - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v31i2.680 Vascular anatomy of renal and gonadal arteries of Podocnemis unifilis Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines-Pelomedusidae - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v31i2.680

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Árthur Paulino Sanzo Kaminishi

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de enriquecer o conhecimento sobre a morfologia vascular das artérias renais e gonadais de Podocnemis unifilis, facilitando o entendimento da fisiologia clínica e cirúrgica destes animais. Foram utilizados cinco exemplares machos de Podocnemis unifilis (tracajá, coletados segundo a Licença nº 066/2004-Ibama/RAM. A artéria carótida esquerda e a veia femoral direita foram canuladas e, pelas mesmas, foi introduzida solução fisiológica para lavagem do sistema vascular; em seguida, aplicou-se solução de Neoprene Látex “450” corada com pigmento específico (Globo S/A Tintas e Pigmentos. O material foi fixado em solução de Formol tamponado a 10% por um período mínimo de 96h. Uma abertura central e de formato quadrangular foi feita na metade caudal do plastrão e casco, de forma a expor os ramos da artéria aorta que irrigam os rins e as gônadas. Observou-se que as artérias renais se originam da face ventral da artéria aorta dorsal, em número de dois pares para cada rim e, em um único exemplar, elas originaram uma artéria renal direita e duas esquerdas. A artéria gonadal surgiu a partir da artéria renal, e apenas um par penetrou pela face dorsal de cada gônada.This work was developed with the aim of enriching knowledge on the vascular morphology of renal and gonadal arteries of Podocnemis unifilis, thus increasing the understanding of the clinical and surgical physiology of these animals. Five Podocnemis unifilis males were used, collected according to license no. 066/2004-Ibama/RAM. The left carotid artery and right femoral vein were cannulated, and a serum solution was introduced to remove obstructions from the vascular system. A solution of Neoprene Latex “450” dye was injected. The material was fixed in a solution of 10% formaldehyde for a period of 96 hours. Next, a square-shaped central opening was made in the caudal end of the plastron and bridge, exposing the

USO Y VALORACIÓN DE LA TORTUGA VERDE (CHELONIA MYDAS EN LA COMUNIDAD DE AWASTARA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maritza Cordón Suárez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio se enfocó en los aspectos socioculturales, económicos y legales que intervienen en el aprovechamiento de la tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas en la comunidad indígena miskita de Awastara. Su metodología fue cualitativa y cuantitativa, en el paradigma de la investigación crítico social y el interaccionismo simbólico.Según los registros, el 95 % de la población de Awastara se dedica a la captura de tortugas durante todo el año. Esta práctica no sólo es para asegurar la alimentación comunal; sino también tiene un valor espiritual, es un legado de sus ancestros y a través de esto han preservado su cultura. La visión comunitaria actual no es regularizar la captura, sino integrar la participación comunitaria de forma equitativa.Los sitios de pesca son los Cayos Miskitos, y es la ruta por donde viaja la tortuga desde Norte a Sur. Esta ruta es permanente y de obligatoria estadía para su alimentación y descanso. La captura comunal es de unas 1200 unidades mensuales y el consumo es de 80 y 100 unidades mensuales, el remanente es para abastecer los mercados de Bilwi. Los costos varían de 10,700 a 6,000 córdobas por jornada, con un promedio de20-30 tortugas, lo cual proyecta una utilidad neta promedio de 17,500 córdobas, y por cada tortuga destazada 1,071 córdobas.La mayoría de las leyes y normativas emitidas por el MARENA y otras instancias, están dirigidas a la protección de la tortuga, sin considerar  la parte espiritual y cotidiana de la comunidad; no obstante, también existen medidas comunales de protección del recurso con la pesca artesanal.SummaryThis study focused on the sociocultural, economic and legal aspects that are involved in the use of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas in the indigenous miskitu community of Awastara. The methodology was qualitative and quantitative, based on the paradigm of the social critic investigation and the symbolic interactionism.According to the records, 95% of the population of

Análisis multicriterio del impacto potencial del turismo en la anidación de las tortugas marinas en Chalacatepec, Jalisco

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Y. Flores-Monter

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El litoral mexicano presenta hábitats aptos para la reproducción, refugio y crianza de tortugas marinas. Sin embargo, en la costa Chalacatepec, Jalisco, esta aptitud puede estar amenazada por el Proyecto Desarrollo Vistas (PDV, un complejo turístico mixto: hotelero, residencial, comercial y deportivo. El objetivo de la presente investigación, es evaluar el impacto potencial del turismo sobre la anidación de tortugas en dos etapas: a Preparación y construcción y b Operación y mantenimiento, como una herramienta de ayuda a la toma de decisiones en la conservación de las especies Lepidochelys olivácea (tortuga golfina, Chelonia agassizii (tortuga prieta y Dermochelys coriácea (tortuga laúd. Método: Se calculó la densidad de anidación (nidos por kilómetro y se utilizó el método de evaluación multicriterio (EMC discreto Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (PAJ, para estimar el impacto de 8 amenazas turísticas: desmonte y despalme, excavaciones, rellenos, contaminación sonora, residuos sólidos, presencia de personal de obra y construcciones provisionales, iluminación artificial del frente de playa y concentración de visitantes. Se construyó una matriz de comparación, se asignó un peso a cada amenaza, y mediante el uso de un SIG se generaron los mapas de impacto potencial del turismo. Resultados: Las amenazas con mayor peso o ponderación (eigenvector total fueron los rellenos (0.36482 y la concentración de visitantes (0.38194. La construcción y operación turística puede afectar el 59.8% de las anidaciones e impactar principalmente en la costa sur el km 1 (1 142 registros de nidos colectados y, en la costa norte el km 1 (329 nidos, km 3 (311 nidos, km 4 (268 nidos y km 5 (151 nidos. Discusión o Conclusión: La playa de anidación en Chalacatepec es de gran importancia para la protección y conservación de las tortugas marinas. La presente EMC fue una herramienta adecuada para estimar las consecuencias del

Chemical characteristics and thickness of Podocnemis expansa post-hatching eggshells (Testudines, Podocnemididae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caio Henrique Ferreira

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Knowledge on chemical components of the post-hatching eggshell of reptiles may provide indicators of the quality of the diet offered to females kept in captivity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the chemical characteristics of the calcareous layer, as well as the thickness of Podocnemis expansa post-hatching eggshells. Eggshell thickness was 183±1.405 µm. This value is similar to that of the eggs of other Testudines with flexible eggshells. As for the chemical composition, the following percentages were observed: nitrogen 7.983 ± 0.054; crude protein 49.91 ± 0.324; crude fat 0.068 ± 0.002; mineral matter 20.302 ± 0.807; calcium 13.374 ± 0.647; and phosphorus 0.176 ± 0.003. Knowledge on chemical composition of the eggshell may aid the nutrition of P. expansa raised in commercial facilities, once this species is an alternative and promising source of exotic meat.

Serie normal del desarrollo morfológico embrionario de Podocnemis unifilis (Troschel, 1848 (Testudinata: Pelomedusidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nory A. Guzmán B.,

1990-01-01

Full Text Available Embriologic development of Podocnemis unijilis on wild and laboratory conditions, from nesting, was monitored. Twenty eight phases, occurring in 95 days were identified, including embriogencsis as a normal series. A close relationship between the progressive expansion of a white zone of the egg-shell and the sequence development of the embriologic stages was found. This relationship is thought be useful as a method to identify externally the stage of the em bryo. It was determined that all the eggs of a nest do not hatch simultaneously, possibly because the embryos were seen to be in 4 different stages of development, and their growth is asynchronous. The physical parameters conditioning effective embryogenic process of this chelonia were registered.

Tortugas del Cretácico Inferior de la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica: el registro Hauteriviense-Barremiense de Vega de Pas (Cantabria)

OpenAIRE

Pérez García, Adán; Murelaga, Xabier

2013-01-01

El registro de tortugas del Cretácico Inferior de España es muy abundante y diverso. Hasta ahora todos los hallazgos provenían de la Cordillera Ibérica. Se presenta aquí material de tortugas hallado en la Cuenca Vasco- Cantábrica. Estos ejemplares, provenientes del Hauteriviense-Barremiense de la Formación Vega de Pas (Cantabria), corresponden a placas tanto del espaldar como del plastrón. Se reconoce la presencia de un representante indeterminado de Eucryptodira, que difier...

NOAA Point Shapefile - 100m2 Fish Density for Tortugas Ecological Reserve, United States, 2009, WGS84

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The research mission was conducted in the Dry Tortugas, FL by National Ocean Service scientists from the Center for Coastal Habitat and Fisheries Research (CCFHR)...

Protección y conservación de tortugas marinas de la zona costera de Michoacán, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. E. García-Romero

2007-01-01

Full Text Available De julio a diciembre de 2001 se recabaron datos, tanto de huevos recolectados como de tortugas liberadas, en 21 centros tortugueros en algunas playas de Michoacán, México. El objetivo fue determinar la eficiencia de eclosión de huevos colectados y resguardados. Éstos fueron extraídos de nidos y trasladados a corrales; y las crías vivas, vigorizadas, se liberaron una vez que eclosionaron. Los resultados muestran 700 mil tortugas liberadas con un 78% de éxito de eclosión de huevo recolectado. El resguardo de los nidos completos garantiza un mayor nacimiento y viabilidad de crías.

Viaje hacia el océano. Estrategias para la conservación de la Tortuga Verde*

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. González-z.

2006-07-01

que un investigador que pretenda implementar un proyecto similar pueda guiarse y lograr su objetivo. *Pasantía: estudio sistemático de la anidación de la tortuga verde, Chelonia mydas, en el archipiélago de Galápagos. Temporada 2005-2006.

Preferencias en la anidación de tortugas carey (Eretmochelys imbricata y baulas (Dermochelys coriacea en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca Manzanillo, Limón, Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lilliana Piedra-Castro

2015-09-01

Full Text Available El Caribe costarricense es importante como sitio de alimentación, copulación, anidación y desove de las tortugas marinas, por lo que el presente trabajo pretendió actualizar el patrón de anidación en las tortugas marinas Dermochelys coriacea y Eretmochelys imbricata en el sector Gandoca, del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca Manzanillo, Limón, Costa Rica, para proponer medidas de manejo. Se realizaron recorridos nocturnos entre las 8:00 p. m. y 4:00 a. m., la playa se dividió en cinco sectores, en estos se realizaron observaciones directas y de rastros, de las tortugas que elaboraron el nido, entre febrero y agosto del 2011 y 2012. Se registraron tres especies de tortugas marinas, Dermochelys coriacea, Eretmochelys imbricata y Chelonia mydas. La anidación de tortugas baula tuvo su punto máximo entre marzo y julio; por su parte, las carey, entre mayo y junio (2011, y junio hasta agosto en el 2012. Se observó preferencia en la posición de la playa utilizada para construir sus nidos; la baula utiliza principalmente la parte media, mientras que la carey utilizó mayormente la parte baja para anidar (t = 17.2525. Se observó que la baula utilizó frecuentemente el sector C; sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias en el uso de los sectores. Se concluye que ambas especies tienen preferencias en la selección de la zona de playa en que anidan; la carey en la parte baja cerca de la línea de costa y la baula en la parte media. Además, las tortugas baula utilizan indistintamente los diferentes sectores de la playa estudiada.

Composição nutricional do casco da tartaruga-da-Amazônia (Podocnemis expansa criada em cativeiro e em idade de abate Centesimal nutrition of the tartaruga-da-Amazônia Podocnemis expansa shell bred in captivity and at slaughter age

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Cristina Scarlato

2007-08-01

Full Text Available A criação de tartarugas em cativeiro no Brasil vem se expandindo nos últimos anos, destacando-se o aumento do volume de abate da espécie Podocnemis expansa para obtenção de carne. Este estudo foi realizado na UFRuralRJ, objetivando-se analisar quantitativamente a composição centesimal, valor calórico, teor de colesterol, perfil em ácidos graxos e aminoácidos, e minerais de 60 cascos de P. expansa em idade de abate mantidas em criatório legalizado e registrado pelo IBAMA. Concluiu-se que o casco de P. expansa é rico em nutrientes, apresentando proteína de alto valor biológico para adultos, lipídios, ácidos graxos essenciais, minerais e baixo teor de colesterol, possibilitando sua utilização como suplemento nutricional após estudos futuros comprobatórios da biodisponibilidade dos nutrientes presentes.Breeding of turtles in Brazil has increased recently, and the increase of the volume of the species Podocnemis expansa to obtain meat is significant. This study was done at UFRuralRJ, and the aim was to analyse the centesimal composition, caloric value, tenor of cholesterol, fatty acids and amino acids and minerals of 60 P. expansa shells quantitativity at slaughter age maintained by IBAMA, a legal and registered breeder. It can be concluded that the P. expansa shell is rich in nutrients, with a high biological value protein for adults, lipids, essentials fatty acids, minerals and low tenor of cholesterol, possible to use as a nutritional supplement after corroborating future studies of the biodisponibility of the present nutrients.

Cytogenetic characterization of the Savannah Sideneck Turtle Podocnemis vogli (Reptilia: Testudinata: Podocnemididae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ML. Ortiz

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Seven specimens of Podocnemis vogli were studied; three were collected at Puerto López and Puerto Gaitán in the Meta Department of Colombia, four lacks collecting data. All specimens presented a complement consisting of 28 chromosomes without sexual chromosomes. The first group was composed by four submetacentric pairs and one subtelocentric, the second group by six metacentric pairs and the third group by three acrocentric pairs, differing from the previous description by Rhodin et al. (1978 who found two acrocentric pairs. C, G, NOR and Q band patterns are described for the species. Nucleolar Organizer Regions were localized in the first chromosome pair in an intercalary band inserted in the short arms which could be visualized in interphase as one or two nucleoli. The C band technique allowed heterochromatic regions to be located in chromosomes associated with pericentromeric regions. Some heterochromatic polymorphisms (intercalary bands were identified in chromosomes 1, 2, 3 and 7, leading to the supposition that there are chromosome markers which could be associated with different P. vogli populations within their geographic distribution.

Algunas observaciones en sangre de la tortuga terrestre argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Troiano, Juan Carlos

1986-01-01

Full Text Available Se describen las observaciones hechas en sangre de 30 ejemplares de tortuga terrestre argentina (Geochelone chilensis, discutiendo la técnica adecuada para toma de muestras de sangre. Además, se evalúan parámetros de química hemática y se detalla la morfología de las diferentes series celulares, comparando las datos obtenidos con especies exóticas afines. It is described the observations made in blood from 30 specimens of argentine terrestrial turtle (Geochelone chilensis, discussing the adecuate technique from blood sampling. Moreover it is evaluated blood chemistry parameters and it is detailed the morphology of the diferents cells series, compared the dates with related exotic species.

EVALUACIÓN DE ACTITUDES FRENTE AL USO DE LAS TORTUGAS MARINAS EN PLAYA GANDOCA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M Malaver

2008-01-01

Full Text Available en el refugio nacional de vida silvestre Gandoca-Manzanillo, Costa rica, se creó en 1986 un programa para la protección y conservación de la población anidadora de tortugas marinas. Esta evaluación buscaba identificar los aspectos que predisponen a la población a actuar de una forma determinada utilizando el modelo metodológico denominado teoría de facetas; este modelo parte de una frase mapa que enmarca la hipótesis, y con la cual se elaboró el cuestionario de evaluación que se aplicó a 106 habitantes de la comunidad de Gandoca, lo que corresponde al 40% del total de pobladores según el instituto nacional de estadística y Censos (2000. en general, los resultados mostraron que la actitud de la población de Gandoca hacia el uso que se le debe dar a las tortugas marinas se basa en el elemento emocional, donde el turismo tiene gran aceptación, y donde existe en limitada medida la responsabilidad de las acciones hacia el objeto de la actitud.

Pivotal temperature and sexual dimorphism of Podocnemis expansa hatchlings (Testudines: Podocnemididae from Bananal Island, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adélio Lubiana

2009-09-01

Full Text Available A common problem when trying to identify the sex of hatchling turtles is that juveniles are not obviously externally dimorphic and current techniques to identify sex are often invasive. In this paper, 300 eggs of Podocnemis expansa from Bananal Island, state of Tocantins (Brazil, were incubated at constant temperatures. The carapaces of the hatchlings were photographed and subjected to geometric morphometric analysis. The hatchlings were subsequently euthanized and had their gonads removed for sex determination. The pivotal temperature of P. expansa was 33.5ºC, confirming that this species has the highest pivotal temperature among reptiles. Geometric morphometric analysis of the shape of the carapace proved efficient in differentiating the sex of the hatchlings and confirmed that this methodology can be efficient for studies that need to ascertain the sex ratio in P. expansa hatchlings.

Estandarización de la técnica de PCR para amplificar el genoma mitocondrial de las tortugas cabezona (Caretta caretta y carey (Eretmochelys imbricata anidantes del Caribe colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Hernández Fernández

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Las tortugas marinas, Eretmochelys imbricata y Caretta caretta se encuentran distribuidas en aguas tropicales del Indo-Pacífico y Atlántico y son consideradas especies importantes dentro del ecosistema. Estas tortugas se han catalogado en peligro crítico ya que han sido explotadas por su caparazón, huevos y carne. Las poblaciones de ambas especies se encuentran en un declive poblacional significativo en el Caribe colombiano. Los estudios genéticos del ADN mitocondrial permiten el apoyo de planes de manejo y conservación. En el presente estudio se estandarizaron las mejores condiciones de la técnica de PCR para la amplificación de 22 fragmentos de 800 pb solapadas en 50 pb del mitogenoma de las tortugas E. imbricata y C. caretta. Se diseñaron oligonucleótidos-primers para la amplificación de estos mitogenomas a partir de secuencias previamente descritas de la tortuga verde Chelonia mydas. Se evaluó la concentración de Mg+2, ADN, oligonucleótidos-primers y la temperatura de anillamiento. La reacción estandarizada de PCR se obtuvo en un volumen final de 25 μl, conteniendo 20-70 ng de DNA, 0,5-1 mM de cada oligonucleótidos-primers, 1,5-3,0 mM de Mg+2, 1 U de Taq polimerasa y 0,2 mM de cada dNTP’s. Los parámetros de amplificación optimizados fueron: desnaturalización inicial de 5 min a 94 °C, seguida por 35 ciclos de 94 °C por 1 min, 37-50 °C por 1 min (de acuerdo a los oligonucleótidos-primers y 72 °C por 1 min. Se obtuvo el 63 % de la secuencia de la tortuga carey y el 68 % de la tortuga cabezona. Estas secuencias presentaron un 99-100 % de identidad con las secuencias previamente reportadas.

Primer reporte de Cricocephalus albus (Digenea: Pronocephalidae en el Perú, parásito de la tortuga verde del Pacífico Este (Chelonia mydas agassizii

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis A. Gomez-Puerta

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Se registra por primera vez para Perú a Cricocephalus albus (Digenea: Pronocephalidae en la tortuga verde del Pacífico oriental (Chelonia mydas agassizii. Los parásitos fueron colectados durante la necropsia de una tortuga verde varada en el estuario de Virrilá localizado en la provincia de Sechura, Departamento de Piura, Perú. El presente trabajo realiza una breve descripción de C. albus, así como la discusión de sus hospederos y distribución geográfica.

NOAA/NCCOS Point Shapefile - 100m2 Fish Density for Tortugas Ecological Reserve and Riley's Hump, United States, 2011, WGS84

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The research mission was conducted in the Dry Tortugas, FL by National Ocean Service scientists from the Center for Coastal Habitat and Fisheries Research (CCFHR)...

NOAA Point Shapefile - 100m2 Fish Density for Dry Tortugas, United States, Project NF-08-06-SACS, 2008, WGS84

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The research mission was conducted in the Dry Tortugas, FL by National Ocean Service scientists from the Center for Coastal Habitat and Fisheries Research (CCFHR)...

El origen y la evolución de las tortugas: nuevas evidencias en Pangea meridional

OpenAIRE

Fuente, Marcelo S. de la; González, Jorge Antonio

1998-01-01

El reciente hallazgo de las tortugas más antiguas de América del Sur en rocas triásicas del sector superior de la Formación Los Colorados (de aproximadamente 210 millones de años) expuestas en el Parque Nacional de Talampaya (La Rioja, Argentina), revela la existencia de un nuevo grupo de quelonios distribuidos en regiones meridionales de la Pangea. Fundación Museo La Plata

Captura incidental de tortugas marinas durante El Niño 1997-1998, en el norte del Perú Sea turtles by-catch during El Niño 1997-1998, in northern Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Castro

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Se presenta evidencia del aumento de capturas incidentales de tortugas marinas en el norte del Perú, durante el fenómeno El Niño Oscilación del Sur (ENOS 1997-1998. El área de estudio se ubica frente a Lambayeque, entre 6°20'S y 7°10'S, y desde la costa hasta 35 mn mar afuera. Se analizaron y describieron los aparejos de enmalle por ser los que más interactuaban con estas tortugas, así como las características de las embarcaciones. Se registraron las tortugas capturadas por la flota artesanal entre enero 1996 y diciembre 1998; se identificó las especies capturadas y se analizó la captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE; la información se correlacionó con la temperatura superficial del mar (TSM. Se analizó un total de 265 operaciones de pesca, capturándose un total de 383 tortugas, correspondiendo 80,4% a la tortuga pico de loro (Lepidochelys olivacea, 19,3% a la tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas y 0.2% a la tortuga carey (Eretmochelys imbricata. Se encontró una correlación altamente significativa entre las capturas de tortugas marinas y la TSM con un intervalo de confianza del 99% (Pearson; r = 0,787; σ = 0,000; N = 36. Se recomienda reforzar la colaboración entre entidades públicas y privadas para implementar medidas de manejo adecuadas para la conservación de estas especies amenazadas, sobre todo ante la eventualidad de un fenómeno ENOS.The main purpose of this work is to present evidence of sea turtles by-catch increase in northern Peru during the 1997-1998 El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO process. The study area is located off Lambayeque, between 6°20'S and 7°10'S, and from the coastline up to 35 nm offshore. The gillnet artisanal fishery was analyzed and described, since this was the fishing gear which most interact with sea turtles, the boat characteristics were evaluated as well. Sea turtle captures and species identification were registered from January 1996 until December 1998. The catch per unit effort (CPUE was

Amsterdam Expeditions to the West Indian Islands, Report 29. Presence of a member of the genus Saliweckelia (Amphipoda) on Tortuga, Venezuela

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lieshout, Van Sylvia E.N.

1983-01-01

A population of Saliweckelia (Amphipoda) from Tortuga (Venezuela) is compared with populations from Curaçao and Bonaire (Netherlands Antilles). Considerable variability in a number of characters, within and between the different populations, makes it difficult to ascertain the taxonomic status of

Possible return of Acropora cervicornis at Pulaski Shoal, Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida

Science.gov (United States)

Lidz, Barbara H.; Zawada, David G.

2013-01-01

Seabed classification is essential to assessing environmental associations and physical status in coral reef ecosystems. At Pulaski Shoal in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, nearly continuous underwater-image coverage was acquired in 15.5 hours in 2009 along 70.2 km of transect lines spanning ~0.2 km2. The Along-Track Reef-Imaging System (ATRIS), a boat-based, high-speed, digital imaging system, was used. ATRIS-derived benthic classes were merged with a QuickBird satellite image to create a habitat map that defines areas of senile coral reef, carbonate sand, seagrasses, and coral rubble. This atypical approach of starting with extensive, high-resolution in situ imagery and extrapolating between transect lines using satellite imagery leverages the strengths of each remote-sensing modality. The ATRIS images also captured the spatial distribution of two species once common on now-degraded Florida-Caribbean coral reefs: the stony staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis, a designated threatened species, and the long-spined urchin Diadema antillarum. This article documents the utility of ATRIS imagery for quantifying number and estimating age of A. cervicornis colonies (n = 400, age range, 5–11 y) since the severe hypothermic die-off in the Dry Tortugas in 1976–77. This study is also the first to document the largest number of new colonies of A. cervicornis tabulated in an area of the park where coral-monitoring stations maintained by the Fish and Wildlife Research Institute have not been established. The elevated numbers provide an updated baseline for tracking revival of this species at Pulaski Shoal.

Physical connectivity between Pulley Ridge and Dry Tortugas coral reefs under the influence of the Loop Current/Florida Current system

Science.gov (United States)

Kourafalou, V. H.; Androulidakis, Y. S.; Kang, H.; Smith, R. H.; Valle-Levinson, A.

2018-07-01

The Pulley Ridge and Dry Tortugas coral reefs are among the most pristine, but also fragile, marine ecosystems of the continental United States. Understanding connectivity processes between them and with surrounding shelf and deep areas is fundamental for their management. This study focuses on the physical processes related to the connectivity of these reefs. Unprecedented in situ time series were used at these specific reef locations, together with satellite observations and numerical simulations, to investigate the dynamics controlling local circulation on the Southwestern Florida Shelf (SWFS) under oceanic influence. The approach of the Loop Current and Florida Current (LC/FC) system to the SWFS slope can induce 0.5 to 1 m/s offshore flows impacting the Pulley Ridge and Dry Tortugas reefs. On the other hand, when the LC/FC system retreats from the slope, onshore flows can carry open-sea waters over the coral reefs. Local formation of cyclonic eddies is possible near the Dry Tortugas reefs in the LC approach case and passage of upstream LC Frontal Eddies is possible in the LC retreat case. Offshore currents ∼1 m/s over the SWFS slope were also found during periods of anticyclonic LC Eddy separation. A novel finding is the shedding and northward propagation of mesoscale anticyclonic eddies from the core of the LC along the West Florida Shelf. Eddy shedding may have a broader effect on the dynamics of the shelf around the study reef areas. Long periods of LC/FC domination over these coral reefs (reaching several weeks to months) are characterized by strong (∼1 m/s) along-shelf currents and continuous upwelling processes, which may weaken the slope stratification and bring colder, deeper waters over the shelf-break and toward the shallower shelf region.

Partial migration of the nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum (Bonnaterre), from the Dry Tortugas Islands

Science.gov (United States)

Pratt, Harold L.; Pratt, Theo C.; Morley, Danielle; Lowerre-Barbieri, Susan K.; Collins, Angela; Carrier, Jeffrey C.; Hart, Kristen M.; Whitney, N.M.

2018-01-01

Nurse sharks have not previously been known to migrate. Nurse sharks of the Dry Tortugas (DRTO) mating population have a highly predictable periodic residency cycle, returning to the Dry Tortugas Courtship and Mating Ground (DTCMG) annually (males) or bi- to triennially (females) during the June/July mating season. For 23 years we have followed the movements of 76 recaptured adults of a total of 115 tagged adults. Telemetry detections of 40 females tagged with acoustic transmitters show that most tagged and presumably post-partum females are continuously present in the DRTO in the fall, winter and early spring following the June mating season but these females depart in late March to early May. Detections reveal these females avoid the DTCMG completely during the next mating season, returning from late summer to fall. Telemetry records of nine of 17 adult males that co-habited with these females in the DTCMG depart DRTO waters every July. Both sexes may overwinter in the DRTO. Between 2011 and 2016 three males and five females with transmitters were detected to move up the west coast of Florida outside of the mating season as far north as the waters off Tampa Bay (335 km). Six others were only detected in the lower Florida Keys (292 km). Nine sharks returned to DRTO; one returned six times. Some overwintered and some resumed courtship in June, demonstrating both resident and migratory contingents within their population, partial migration and an ability to navigate with high spatial and temporal precision.

Cuervo, rana y tortuga en Gönnersdord : Animales representados raras veces, que han sido dibujados perfectamente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hannelore Bosinski

2005-01-01

Full Text Available En las placas de pizarra del yacimiento magdaleniense de Gönnersdorf (Renania, Alemania encontramos, junto con muchas otras representaciones, un cuervo, una rana y una tortuga. A pesar de que estos animales han sido representados en raras ocasiones, estas figuras son vivas y con muchos detalles anatómicos. Tomando en consideración que los animales no sirvieron de modelo mientras eran dibujados, estas figuras fueron realizadas tras una observación intensiva y dibujadas por artistas con genio eidético.

LA HERMENEUTICA COMO UNA PROPUESTA METODOLOGICA PARA EL ABORDAJE DE ESTUDIOS INTERCULTURALES: EL CASO DE LA CULTURAEN RELACION A LAS TORTUGAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oscar Fernando Camacho Tamayo

2014-05-01

Full Text Available La hermenéutica es una propuesta metodológica en la cual la comprensión de la realidad social se asume bajo la metáfora de un texto, el cual es susceptible de ser interpretado. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en ejemplarizar el desarrollo metodológico del enfoque hermenéutico a partir dela investigaciónCultura y Tortugas, los niños hablan acerca de la Tortuga (P. expansa, la Terecay (P. unifilis y conservación (Camacho, 2012. Esta propuesta metodológica, según Sandoval (1993  comprende el análisis de dos construcciones esenciales, el Pre-Texto y el Texto. El primer apartado tiene en cuenta el conjunto de conceptos que fundamenta teóricamente el trabajo de investigación, además de la información concerniente al contexto de la zona de estudio. Mientras que el Texto corresponde a la estructuración sistemática de los resultados obtenidos a partir del uso de las diversas estrategias de investigación, como por ejemplo las entrevistas, las encuestas y otras charlas informales.  Desde esta perspectiva, el trabajo consistía en recuperar la información acerca de las Tortugas y comenzarlas a relacionar con los conocimientos ancestrales. Para ello se tuvo en cuenta un proceso que se conoce como codificación, que consiste en “generar conceptos a partir de nuestros datos y usar códigos como manera de lograrlo” (Coffeyet al, 2003.Ello exige un proceso de investigación arduo, que va desde la recopilación de información, su posterior transcripción, la codificación de estos y por último el análisis, la comprensión e interpretación de los resultados obtenidos.

ESPÉCIES VEGETAIS UTILIZADAS NA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE Podocnemis unifilis, Troschel 1948 (REPTILIA, TESTUDINAE, PELOMEDUSIDAE NA REGIÃO DO PRACUÚBA -AMAPÁ-BRASIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yeda Soares de Lucena Bataus

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Foram obtidas, junto às comunidades que vivem às margens dos rios e lagos da região do Pracuúba, Estado do Amapá, informações sobre 35 espécies vegetais que fazem parte da alimentação natural de Podocnemis unifilis (tracajá. Após a identificação dos vegetais, procedeu-se à coleta de suas partes comestíveis, para posteriores classificação taxonômica e análise química. Foram encontrados vegetais de 21 famílias botânicas, sendo que as famílias Leguminosae e Graminae ocorreram em 22,81% e 8,57% do total. A caracterização físico-química mostrou a composição centesimal quanto aos níveis de proteína, lipídios, cálcio, fósforo, potássio e magnésio, fibra bruta e de resíduo mineral fixo. Dentre os vegetais analisados, 12 espécies mostraram teores de proteína superiores a 10%. Dentre estas, oito espécies apresentaram boa possibilidade de servirem como ingredientes de uma ração regional, em função de suas propriedades nutricionais e de sua disponibilidade na natureza. São elas: Commelina longicaulis (maria-mole (20,78%, Polyganum acuminatum (pimenteira brava (20,19%; Aschymene sensitiva (corticeira (19,93%; Macrolobium acaiae folium (jandaruá (17,06%; Oryza glandiglumes (canarana grande (15,00%; Thalia geniculata (14,14%; Nymphaeae rudgeana (11,55% e Hymenachine amplexicaulis (10,11%. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Podocnemis unifilis, tracajá, alimentação de quelônios na natureza.

Distribution patterns of the barnacle, Chelonibia testudinaria, on juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas in Bahia Magdalena, Mexico Patrones de distribución del balano, Chelonibia testudinaria, en tortugas verdes (Chelonia mydas juveniles en bahía Magdalena, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Nájera-Hillman

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The barnacle, Chelonibia testudinaria, is an obligate commensal of sea turtles that may show population variability according to the physical characteristics of the environment and properties of turtle hosts; therefore, we characterized the distributional patterns and the potential effects on health of C. testudinaria on juvenile green turtles in Bahia Magdalena, Mexico. Barnacle attachment position, abundance, and size-class structure were described, while the relationship between barnacle abundance and turtle health condition and size was explored through generalized linear models. Juvenile green turtles of Bahía Magdalena offered an appropriate habitat for C. testudinaria as their frequency of occurrence was high and their abundance was similar to that found in other green turtle populations. Barnacles showed an aggregated distribution that may be facilitating their reproduction during the warm summer months. Barnacle abundance is unaffected by turtle size or seasonality, while their attachment position appears to be influenced by water flow over the turtle carapace and by plastron abrasion by the turtle against the sea floor. Healthier turtles exhibited a decreased barnacle load; therefore we suggest that C. testudinaria abundance may be a useful indicator of health for juvenile green turtles.El balano Chelonibia testudinaria es un comensal obligado de tortugas marinas que puede presentar variaciones poblacionales de acuerdo a características ambientales y de las tortugas que coloniza; por lo tanto, caracterizamos su distribución y el efecto sobre la salud de tortugas verdes (Chelonia mydas juveniles en bahía Magdalena, México. Se describieron la posición de adherencia, la abundancia y la estructura de tallas de C. testudinaria, mientras que la relación entre su abundancia y la salud y el tamaño de las tortugas se exploró a través de modelos lineales generalizados. Las tortugas verdes ofrecieron un hábitat adecuado para C

Identificación de Mycobacterium sp., en una población de tortugas morrocoy (Geochelone carbonaria en cautiverio y en su entorno, en un zoológico en la Sabana de Bogotá

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ángela Natalia Agudelo

2008-06-01

Full Text Available En un Zoológico de la Sabana de Bogotá, se presentó alta mortalidad de aves por tuberculosis aviar, en un encierro en el cual habitaban dos clases de animales diferentes: reptiles y aves. Se buscó establecer la presencia del Mycobacterium sp, por medio de la identificación molecular (PCR-PRA, en una población de 19 tortugas Morrocoy en cautiverio en el Zoológico mencionado anteriormente. Se procedió a tuberculinizar a todas las tortugas, las cuales resultaron negativas y se recolectaron muestras de materia fecal y muestras ambientales (agua y suelo y se cultivaron en medios OK/MSTA, LJ y OK respectivamente realizando baciloscopia para cada una de las muestras. De la muestras de materia fecal sólo cuatro fueron positivas a baciloscopia y de nueve muestras ambientales (suelo (n=7, agua (n=2, cinco fueron positivas (suelo (n=4, agua (n=1; en cuanto al crecimiento fueron negativas todas las de materia fecal de las tortugas Morrocoy. De las muestras ambientales (suelo, agua crecieron cinco y una muestras respectivamente. Adicionalmente se obtuvo muestras de la necropsia de una tortuga Icotea, (tejido, orina y absceso y sólo hubo crecimiento de la muestra de absceso. De la muestra de absceso se identificó Mycobacterium gordonae tipo 3, de las de suelo se obtuvo Mycobacterium avium tipo 3 y en el de agua se obtuvo Mycobacterium fortuitum tipo 1. Los hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de una vigilancia continua, que permita la identificación de la presencia de micobacterias; por medio de pruebas de laboratorio apropiadas (baciloscopia, cultivo, pruebas bioquímicas y moleculares; ya que se debe evitar que las tortugas sigan siendo parte de un ciclo epidemiológico de transmisión como portadores sanos y el contacto con los humanos debe darse sólo cuando sea estrictamente necesario, aplicando normas de bioseguridad.

Composición química del huevo de tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) y evaluación de su calidad física y microbiológica durante su almacenamiento

OpenAIRE

Mora Castro, Randall; Chaves Quirós, Ana Cecilia

1997-01-01

Se determinó la composición química de los huevos de tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) y se evaluó su calidad física y microbiológica durante el almacenamiento a 5 °C y 25 °C y a una humedad relativa de 92 %. Se encontró que los huevos de tortuga lora tienen una masa promedio de 27,9 g y están constituidos por un 58,0 % de yema, un 38,0 % de clara y un 4,0 % de cáscara. La cáscara contiene un 37,0 % de humedad, un 28,2 % de proteína y un 36,0 % de materia mineral. En la clara el compone...

Prevalence and parasitemia of Haemogregarina sp. in Podocnemis expansa (Testudines: Podocnemididae) from the Brazilian Amazon.

Science.gov (United States)

Picelli, Amanda Maria; de Carvalho, Aluísio Vasconcelos; Viana, Lúcio André; Malvasio, Adriana

2015-01-01

Seventy-five turtles Podocnemis expansa in the Brazilian Amazon were examined for the presence of ectoparasites and hemoparasites. Samplings were performed in three study areas in the state of Tocantins, Brazil. Twenty-five specimens were sampled per study area (a commercial breeding facility, an indigenous subsistence breeding facility and a wild population of the Javaés River). Hemoparasites of the genus Haemogregarina were found in 66% (50/75) of the turtle specimens, and the infections were restricted to the commercial breeding facility and to the wild population of the Javaés River. The mean level of parasitemia was 54/2,000 erythrocytes (2%). There was no correlation between the body condition index of the chelonians and the level of parasitemia, with no significant difference between genders. No leeches were observed during the physical exams in any of the study areas, but the specimens from the commercial breeding facility were in poor physical condition with shell deformities and the presence of a relatively high amount of skin ulcerations, most likely caused by fungi and bacteria. This was the first study to record the occurrence of hemogregarines on a population scale in P. expansa and helps to increase knowledge about hemoparasites in chelonians in Brazil.

Prevalence and parasitemia of Haemogregarina sp. in Podocnemis expansa (Testudines: Podocnemididae from the Brazilian Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amanda Maria Picelli

Full Text Available Seventy-five turtles Podocnemis expansa in the Brazilian Amazon were examined for the presence of ectoparasites and hemoparasites. Samplings were performed in three study areas in the state of Tocantins, Brazil. Twenty-five specimens were sampled per study area (a commercial breeding facility, an indigenous subsistence breeding facility and a wild population of the Javaés River. Hemoparasites of the genus Haemogregarina were found in 66% (50/75 of the turtle specimens, and the infections were restricted to the commercial breeding facility and to the wild population of the Javaés River. The mean level of parasitemia was 54/2,000 erythrocytes (2%. There was no correlation between the body condition index of the chelonians and the level of parasitemia, with no significant difference between genders. No leeches were observed during the physical exams in any of the study areas, but the specimens from the commercial breeding facility were in poor physical condition with shell deformities and the presence of a relatively high amount of skin ulcerations, most likely caused by fungi and bacteria. This was the first study to record the occurrence of hemogregarines on a population scale in P. expansa and helps to increase knowledge about hemoparasites in chelonians in Brazil.

Effect of dietary cadmium on fitness, growth, genotoxicity and accumulation in the Yellow-spotted River Turtle, Podocnemis unifilis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Frossard, Alexandra; Ferreira, Paulo D. [Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES (Brazil); Carneiro, Maria T.W.D. [Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES (Brazil); Heringer, Otávio A. [Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES (Brazil); Tommasi Analítica, Vila Velha, ES (Brazil); Endringer, Denise C. [Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES (Brazil); Gomes, Levy C., E-mail: levy.gomes@uvv.br [Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES (Brazil)

2013-09-15

The aim of this study was to expose the Yellow-spotted River Turtle, Podocnemis unifilis, to dietary cadmium (Cd) contamination. The P. unifilis were fed with a Cd contaminated diet (590 µg g{sup −1}) or a control diet for 30 and 60 days. After the Cd feeding period, the locomotor performance and specific growth rate were assessed. Blood samples were drawn for micronuclei analysis and tissues were collected to analyze the Cd concentration. Dietary Cd influenced the fitness of turtles at 30 days (righting time 752 s), but not after 60 days (righting time 43.67 s). Micronuclei in erythrocytes (12 ± 5‰) were significantly greater in contaminated turtle at 60 days. Cd accumulation is found in gut, intestine, kidney, fat, liver and blood of animals from contaminated diet group and the Cd concentration of almost all the tissues had increased following the 30–60-day feeding period. Cd does not impair animal the fitness after sixty days of dietary treatment, but it does can cause an accumulation on P. unifilis.

Effect of dietary cadmium on fitness, growth, genotoxicity and accumulation in the Yellow-spotted River Turtle, Podocnemis unifilis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frossard, Alexandra; Ferreira, Paulo D.; Carneiro, Maria T.W.D.; Heringer, Otávio A.; Endringer, Denise C.; Gomes, Levy C.

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to expose the Yellow-spotted River Turtle, Podocnemis unifilis, to dietary cadmium (Cd) contamination. The P. unifilis were fed with a Cd contaminated diet (590 µg g −1 ) or a control diet for 30 and 60 days. After the Cd feeding period, the locomotor performance and specific growth rate were assessed. Blood samples were drawn for micronuclei analysis and tissues were collected to analyze the Cd concentration. Dietary Cd influenced the fitness of turtles at 30 days (righting time 752 s), but not after 60 days (righting time 43.67 s). Micronuclei in erythrocytes (12 ± 5‰) were significantly greater in contaminated turtle at 60 days. Cd accumulation is found in gut, intestine, kidney, fat, liver and blood of animals from contaminated diet group and the Cd concentration of almost all the tissues had increased following the 30–60-day feeding period. Cd does not impair animal the fitness after sixty days of dietary treatment, but it does can cause an accumulation on P. unifilis

Aspectos moleculares de la determinación del sexo en tortugas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leda Carolina Torres Maldonado

2006-01-01

Full Text Available La determinación del sexo en vertebrados puede estar controlada por factores genéticos o por factores ambientales. Hasta el momento los mecanismos moleculares relacionados con la determinación sexual por temperatura (DST no se conocen con exactitud. En los diferentes grupos de vertebrados se han estudiado algunos genes que participan en la cascada de la determinación del sexo, los cuales se encuentran conservados tanto en estructura como en función, como ejemplo tenemos a los genes Sox9, Dax1 y Dmrt1. La tortuga marina Lepidochelys olivacea presenta DST; en esta especie se ha estudiado la expresión de los genes Sox9, Dax1 y Dmrt1 en tejido gonadal en distintas etapas del desarrollo embrionario, se observa que la temperatura tiene efecto sobre su expresión. Se sugiere que éstos podrían formar parte de la cascada de genes que regulan la diferenciación gonadal en L. olivacea.

El laberinto del continuo del joven Leibniz y la paradoja de Aquiles y la tortuga

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Federico Raffo Quintana

2014-11-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se considerarán los desarrollos de Leibniz en torno al laberinto del continuo en sus años de juventud (1671-1676. Nuestra intención es tratar de determinar el modo como puede comprenderse la solución leibniziana de la paradoja de Zenón conocida como Aquiles y la tortuga. Para esto, luego de presentar las paradojas, señalaremos la estructura general de la solución y tres grandes momentos de su aplicación que se estructuran en torno a los siguientes escritos: Theoria motus abstracti (1671, De minimo et maximo (1673 y el diálogo Pacidius Philalethi (1676

Ontogeny of the cranial bones of the giant amazon river turtle Podocnemis expansa Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines, Podocnemididae = Ontogenia dos ossos do crânio em tartaruga-da-amazônia Podocnemis expansa Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines, Podocnemididae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucélia Gonçalves Vieira

2010-04-01

Full Text Available In order to determine the normal stages of formation in the sequence of ossification of the cranium of Podocnemis expansa in its various stages of development, embryos were collected starting on the 18th day of natural incubation and were subjected to bone diaphanization and staining. In the neurocranium, the basisphenoid and basioccipitalbones present ossification centers in stage 19, the supraoccipital and opisthotic in stage 20, the exoccipital in stage 21, and lastly the prooptic in stage 24. Dermatocranium: the squamosal, pterygoid and maxilla are the first elements to begin the ossification process,which occurs in stage 16. However, ossification centers begin to appear in stage 17 in most of these bone elements, i.e., the frontal, jugal, postorbital, parietal, premaxilla and prefrontal, followed by the palatine and quadratojugal in stage 19 and lastly by the vomer instage 25. The quadrate bone of the splanchnocranium ossifies in stage 23. The mandible and hyoid apparatus, the dentary, coronoid and supra-angular, show ossification centers in stage 16 and the branchial horn I in stage 17. The sequence and synchronization of ossification in P. expansa show similarities as well as differences when compared with other species of Testudines.Com o propósito de estabelecer etapas normais de formação da sequência de ossificação do crânio em Podocnemis expansa, nos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento, coletaram-se embriões a partir do 18º dia de incubação natural, os quais foram submetidos à técnica de diafanização e coloração dos ossos. No neurocrânio, no estágio 19, o basisfenoide e o basioccipital apresentam centro de ossificação; no estágio 20, o supraoccipital e o opistótico; no estágio 21, o exoccipital; somente no estágio 24, o proótico. Dermatocrânio: o esquamosal, o pterigoide e a maxila são os primeiros elementos a iniciar o processo de ossificação, que ocorre no estágio 16. Mas a maioria desses elementos

Potential distribution of Podocnemis lewyana (Reptilia: Podocnemididae) and its possible fluctuation under different global climate change scenarios

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ortiz Yusty, Carlos; Restrepo, Adriana; Paez, Vivian P

2014-01-01

We implemented a species distribution modelling approach to establish the potential distribution of Podocnemis lewyana, to explore the climatic factors that may influence the species' distribution and to evaluate possible changes in distribution under future climate scenarios. The distribution models predicted a continuous distribution from south to north along the Magdalena River, from Rivera and Palermo in the Department of Huila to the departments of Atlantico and Magdalena in the north. Temperature was the variable most influential in the distribution of P. lewyana; this species tends to be present in warm regions with low temperature variability. The distribution model predicted an increase in the geographic range of P. lewyana under climate change scenarios. However, taking into account the habitat preferences of this species and its strong association with water, this result should be treated with caution since the model considered only terrestrial climatic variables. Given the life history characteristics of this species (temperature dependent sex determination, high pivotal temperature and a very narrow transition range) and the negative effect of changes in hydrological regimes on embryo survival, expansion of the potential distribution of P. lewyana in the future does not mean that the species will not be affected by global climate change.

TAMAÑO Y ESTRUCTURA POBLACIONAL DE LA TORTUGA SABALETERA (RHINOCLEMMYS NASUTA, TESTUDINES: GEOEMYDIDAE EN UN AMBIENTE INSULAR DEL PACIFICO COLOMBIANO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giraldo Alan

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Rhinoclemmys nasuta (Boulenger 1902 es una especie endémica que se encuentra registrada en el libro rojo de los reptiles de Colombia y está catalogada como casi amenazada a nivel mundial. Esta especie, de tamaño mediano, habita los cursos de agua en la región Tumbes-Chocó, desde la cuenca del río Esmeraldas (Ecuador hasta la zona media de la cuenca del río Atrato (Chocó, Colombia. Hasta la fecha no se ha podido realizar una adecuada valoración de su estado de conservación debido a diferentes vacíos de conocimientos identificados con relación a la historia natural y la ecología de la especie. En el presente trabajo se recogen los resultados del análisis del tamaño y estructura de una población de R. nasuta estudiada en un ambiente insular del Pacífico colombiano (Isla Palma, Bahía Málaga, Valle del Cauca. En las condiciones de estudio, la población estuvo dominada por individuos adultos siendo la proporción Hembras: Machos: Juveniles de 1.00: 0.71: 0.85. Las hembras fueron consistentemente más grandes que los machos (♀: 179.87 ± 3.27 mm; ♂:151.83 ± 2.41 mm, definiéndose un índice general de dimorfismo sexual de 1.18. Con base en los registros de captura-recaptura, se estimó que el tamaño de la población de esta especie en Isla Palma durante el periodo de estudio fue de 990 individuos (IC90%: 941 a 1044 ind, con una densidad promedio de 2444 ± 122 tortugas por cada hectárea de río. Al evaluar la relación tamaño-peso, se estableció que el crecimiento de R. nasuta es de tipo isométrico (b = 3.04, siendo la tendencia de crecimiento similar entre machos y hembras a pesar del dimorfismo sexual detectado. Este trabajo es el primer esfuerzo de investigación en la región pacífica de Colombia que aborda el estudio sistemático de una población de tortugas continentales. Además, proporciona información sobre la historia natural de R. nasuta que fortalecerá las iniciativas de conservación de tortugas en

Radiographic anatomy aspects and gastrointestinal transit time in Podocnemis unifilis troschel, 1848 (Testudines, Podocnemididae. = Aspectos anátomo-radiográficos e tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal em Podocnemis unifilis troschel, 1848 (Testudines, Podocnemididae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Moraes Machado Brito

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The present study analyzed the radiographic anatomy and determined thegastrointestinal transit time of Podocnemis unifilis. We used ten animals belonging to LAPAS from the Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The animals were orally fed with a barium sulphate suspension at 10 mL kg-1 mixed with mineral oil, at a ratio of 70% of barium sulphate for 30% of mineral oil. Afterwards, the animals underwent radiography in a dorsum ventriloquoal position, with the X-ray device adjusted at 72 Kv and 200 mA, in time intervals to follow the permanency of contrast in the organism. Five minutes after the contrast was supplied, the stomach was filled. After sixteen hours the contrast advanced to the smallintestine. In 48 hours, the whole small intestine and part of the colon were fulfilled. On the 9th day the stomach was empty and the contrast advanced to the colon. On the 11th day, the colon was totally fulfilled, and the contrast was close to cloaca. On the 18th day all contrast was eliminated by the animal. Total time for contrast elimination was, in average, 17.6 ± 2.4 days, with the minimum of 12 and maximum of 22 days, with temperature at 27ºC. The digestion of the food was slower in the duodenum, and faster in the colon-rectum, which presents lower indices of repletion.Avaliou-se aspectos anátomo-radiográficos bem como o tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal em Podocnemis unifilis. Foram utilizados 10 animais pertencentes ao Laboratório de Pesquisas em Animais Silvestres(LAPAS da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Aos animais foi administrada, por via oral, uma suspensão de sulfato de bário 10 mL kg-1 misturada com óleo mineral na proporção de 70% de sulfato de bário para 30% de óleo. Posteriormente, os animais foram radiografados dorso-ventralmente, com o aparelho de raios-X regulado para 72 Kv e 200 mA, em intervalos de tempo pré-estabelecidos. Em média, cinco

Anidación de la tortuga Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae en playa Gandoca, Costa Rica (1990 a 1997

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Didiher Chacón Chaverri

1999-06-01

Full Text Available La anidación de la tortuga baula fue estudiada en playa Gandoca, una importante playa de anidación de tortugas marinas localizada al sureste de la costa Caribeña de Costa Rica, dentro de los límites del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Gandoca/Manzanillo (82° 37' O, 09° 37' N. Entre 1990 y 1997, se desarrollaron campañas de observación de la anidación entre los meses de febrero a julio de cada año; 16 variables de la anidación fueron anotadas y una parte de la colonia fue marcada con marcas monel y 3 484 nidos fueron encontrados; durante este periodo se depositaron un promedio de 534 nidos por temporada, 1,135 nidos fue el máximo de anidación anual, mientras que 226 nidos fue el mínimo, el 20.8% de los nidos fueron relocalizados en los viveros. El promedio de la longitud curva del caparazón de las hembras fue de 154.65 cm y el promedio del ancho curvo del caparazón fue de 112.83 cm. Las observaciones mostraron que el promedio de huevos normales para este periodo fue de 79.28, mientras que el promedio de huevos vanos fue de 35. La recolección ilegal de huevos, la basura sobre la playa y la erosión intensiva son parte de los problemas más importantes que están causando el declive de las tortugas en Gandoca.The nesting of the leatherback sea turtle was studied in Gandoca Beach, an important nesting beach on the southeastern Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, in the Gandoca/Manzanillo National Wildlife Refuge. Nesting was recorded from 1990 to 1997 (each February through July. Nesting peaked in April and May (depending on the year; 16 biological paramenters were recorded and part of the rookery was tagged with monel tags. During this period 1 045 females were studied and 3 484 nests were recorded; 534 nests was the yearly mean, (range 226-1 135, 20.8 % of the nests were relocated to hatcheries, as a conservation effort to prevent loss of nests. Mean curve carapace length was 154.65 cm and width 112.83 cm. Mean normal number of eggs

Infection status of the estuarine turtles Kinosternon integrum and Trachemys scripta with Gnathostoma binucleatum in Sinaloa, Mexico Estado de la infección con Gnathostoma binucleatum de las tortugas estuarinas Kinosternon integrum y Trachemys scripta en Sinaloa, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Human gnathostomosis, a serious public health issue in Mexico, is endemic to Sinaloa. The disease is mainly caused by consumption of the raw meat of freshwater or estuarine fishes infected with the advanced third stage larvae (AL3 of Gnathostoma binucleatum. In the present study, we examined estuarine turtles with a sample consisting of 23 Trachemys scripta and 5 Kinosternon integrum from Sinaloa, Mexico for the presence of Gnathostoma larvae; such examination was made by the pressing method of skeletal muscles between 2 glass plates. The results showed that both turtles harbored G. binucleatum AL3; identification was achieved by morphology and also by PCR/sequencing of the ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA of the larvae. Infection prevalence was higher for K. integrum (80% than for T. scripta (69.6%, but heavy infection (> 10 AL3/turtle was observed in the larger sized individuals of T. scripta. Consumption of the raw meat of these turtles represents a risk to acquire the disease.La gnathostomosis humana, un serio problema de salud pública en México, es endémica de Sinaloa. La enfermedad es principalmente ocasionada por el consumo de carne cruda de pescado de agua dulce o salobre infectado con larvas del tercer estadio avanzado (AL3 de Gnathostoma binucleatum. En la presente investigación, se examinaron tortugas estuarinas, 23 Trachemys scripta y 5 Kinosternon integrum, de Sinaloa, México para identificar la presencia de larvas de Gnathostoma; para ello se utilizó el método de compresión del tejido muscular entre 2 placas de vidrio. Los resultados mostraron que ambas especies de tortugas son hospederas de larvas AL3 de G. binucleatum; la identificación específica se basó en la morfología y composición molecular (por PCR/secuenciación de la región ribosomal ITS2 del DNA de las larvas. La prevalencia de la infección fue mayor en K. integrum (80% que en T. scripta (69.6%, pero la intensidad fue más alta (> 10 AL3/tortuga en las

Ontogeny of the cranial bones of the giant amazon river turtle Podocnemis expansa Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines, Podocnemididae - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i2.5777 Ontogeny of the cranial bones of the giant amazon river turtle Podocnemis expansa Schweigger, 1812 (Testudines, Podocnemididae - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i2.5777

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabiano Campos Lima

2010-05-01

Full Text Available In order to determine the normal stages of formation in the sequence of ossification of the cranium of Podocnemis expansa in its various stages of development, embryos were collected starting on the 18th day of natural incubation and were subjected to bone diaphanization and staining. In the neurocranium, the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones present ossification centers in stage 19, the supraoccipital and opisthotic in stage 20, the exoccipital in stage 21, and lastly the prooptic in stage 24. Dermatocranium: the squamosal, pterygoid and maxilla are the first elements to begin the ossification process, which occurs in stage 16. However, ossification centers begin to appear in stage 17 in most of these bone elements, i.e., the frontal, jugal, postorbital, parietal, premaxilla and prefrontal, followed by the palatine and quadratojugal in stage 19 and lastly by the vomer in stage 25. The quadrate bone of the splanchnocranium ossifies in stage 23. The mandible and hyoid apparatus, the dentary, coronoid and supra-angular, show ossification centers in stage 16 and the branchial horn I in stage 17. The sequence and synchronization of ossification in P. expansa show similarities as well as differences when compared with other species of Testudines.In order to determine the normal stages of formation in the sequence of ossification of the cranium of Podocnemis expansa in its various stages of development, embryos were collected starting on the 18th day of natural incubation and were subjected to bone diaphanization and staining. In the neurocranium, the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones present ossification centers in stage 19, the supraoccipital and opisthotic in stage 20, the exoccipital in stage 21, and lastly the prooptic in stage 24. Dermatocranium: the squamosal, pterygoid and maxilla are the first elements to begin the ossification process, which occurs in stage 16. However, ossification centers begin to appear in stage 17 in most of these

ÁCIDO ACÉTICO EN HUEVO DE TORTUGA (Lepidochelys olivacea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M\\u00F3nica Pereira-Zamora

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio se realizó en el Ce ntro Na cional de Cie ncia y Tecnología de Alimentos en el año 2000, con el fin de determinar la reducción de Vibrio mimicus en huevo de tortuga lora utilizando calor o ácido acético. Para ellos se determinó el tiempo de coagulación a diferentes temperaturas o niveles de pH con el fin de seleccionar los que podían utilizarse para la reducción del patógeno sin afectar las cualidades sensoriales del huevo crudo. Los huevos inoculados con Vibrio mimicus con cargas superiores a 6,0 log10UFC/g, fueron tratados con las diferentes alternativas de inmersión en agua caliente o soluciones de ácido acético por un tiempo determinado. Los tratamientos con calor (45, 55 ó 65ºC por 20 minutos lograron reducciones entre 1,4 y > 6,0 log10UFC/g, mientras que la inmersión en ácido acético (pH 3,0; 3,5; 4,0 ó 4;5 por una hora sólo logró reducciones entre 0,2 y 1,5 log10UFC/g causadas probablemente por la neutralización observada del pH en el tiempo.

Radiographic anatomy aspects and gastrointestinal transit time in Podocnemis unifilis troschel, 1848 (Testudines, Podocnemididae - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i4.5082 Radiographic anatomy aspects and gastrointestinal transit time in Podocnemis unifilis troschel, 1848 (Testudines, Podocnemididae. - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i4.5082

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Moraes Machado Brito

2010-11-01

Full Text Available The present study analyzed the radiographic anatomy and determined the gastrointestinal transit time of Podocnemis unifilis. We used ten animals belonging to LAPAS from the Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The animals were orally fed with a barium sulphate suspension at 10 mL kg-1 mixed with mineral oil, at a ratio of 70% of barium sulphate for 30% of mineral oil. Afterwards, the animals underwent radiography in a dorsum ventriloquoal position, with the X-ray device adjusted at 72 Kv and 200 mA, in time intervals to follow the permanency of contrast in the organism. Five minutes after the contrast was supplied, the stomach was filled. After sixteen hours the contrast advanced to the small intestine. In 48 hours, the whole small intestine and part of the colon were fulfilled. On the 9th day the stomach was empty and the contrast advanced to the colon. On the 11 th day, the colon was totally fulfilled, and the contrast was close to cloaca. On the 18th day all contrast was eliminated by the animal. Total time for contrast elimination was, in average, 17.6 ± 2.4 days, with the minimum of 12 and maximum of 22 days, with temperature at 27°C. The digestion of the food was slower in the duodenum, and faster in the colon-rectum, which presents lower indices of repletion.The present study analyzed the radiographic anatomy and determined the gastrointestinal transit time of Podocnemis unifilis. We used ten animals belonging to LAPAS from the Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The animals were orally fed with a barium sulphate suspension at 10 mL kg-1 mixed with mineral oil, at a ratio of 70% of barium sulphate for 30% of mineral oil. Afterwards, the animals underwent radiography in a dorsum ventriloquoal position, with the X-ray device adjusted at 72 Kv and 200 mA, in time intervals to follow the permanency of contrast in the organism. Five minutes after the contrast was

Estudios adicionales sobre los Crocodylia y Testudinata del Alto Caquetá y Río Caguán Estudios adicionales sobre los Crocodylia y Testudinata del Alto Caquetá y Río Caguán

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Medem Federico

1969-06-01

Full Text Available Se llevaron a cabo estudios adicionales sobre problemas de reproducción de la babilla (Caiman sclerops y tres especies de tortugas (Podocnemis expansa, Podocnemis unifilis y Phrynops geoffroanus tuberosus.  Los resultados principales son los siguientes:  1 Caiman sclerops. Los huevos miden de 67.0 : 41.5 mm. a 73.5 : 41.0 mm.  La longitud total de los recién nacidos comprende de 239.5 mm. a 255.5 mm.; pesan entre 32 g, 250 mg. y 47 g.  2 Podocnemis expansa. No es nativa del Alto Caquetá, sino ha sido introducida de su curso bajo y del Putumayo en 1940, 1943 y 1955.  Actualmente está establecida y se reproduce. Los huevos miden de 44.5 : 36.5 mm, a 48.5 : 45.5 mm., y pesan de 34 g, 350 mg. a 44 g, 300 mg. La Iongitud del Carapax de los recién nacidos varía entre 39.5 mm. y 45.0 mm.; pesan de 17 g, 300 mg. a 20 g.  3 Podocnemis unifilis. Los huevos miden de 41.0 : 28.5 mm. a 51.0 33.5 mm., y pesan entre 15 g. y 31 g.; los recién nacidos de 34.0 a 48.0 mm., pesan de 8 g, 750 mg. a 21 g, 100 mg. Evidentemente, la luz constituye el factor más decisivo en relación con la orientación de la cría recién salida del nido, pero indudablemente existen también otros factores todavía desconocidos. Desarrollan una velocidad considerable para llegar al agua, así, por ejemplo, necesitan unos 25 minutos para recorrer una distancia de 96 metros; no permanecen en las aguas poco profundas cerca de la orilla, sino buscan en seguida las partes hondas donde encuentran mejor protección. En cambio, las babillas recién salidas si permanecen cerca de las orillas, ya que están protegidas por la hembra.  4 Phrynops geoffroanus tuberosus. Los huevos miden entre 32.5 31.5 mm, y 35.0 : 34.0 mm.; pesan de 13 g, 550 mg. a 22 g.; los recién nacidos entre 38.5 mm, y 48.0 mm., .y pesan de 7 g, 700 mg. a 14 g, 750 mg.  5 La Matamata (Chelus fimbriatus es, en realidad, nativa en el Alto Caquetá, y no ocasionalmente traída de otros ríos, como se

Methodological limitations of counting total leukocytes and thrombocytes in reptiles (Amazon turtle, Podocnemis expansa: an analysis and discussion Limitações metodológicas de contagens de leucócitos e trombócitos totais em répteis (tartaruga da Amazônia, Podocnemis expansa: uma análise e discussão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Tavares-Dias

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to compare three different methods for counting white blood cells [WBC] (Natt and Herrick method, estimation with 1,000 and 2,000 erythrocytes and three methods for counting total thrombocytes [TT] (Wojtaszek method, estimation with 1,000 and 2,000 erythrocytes in a South American freshwater turtle species, Podocnemis expansa, Schweigger 1812 (Reptilia, Pelomedusidae. Direct WBC counts using the Natt and Herrick method showed limitations, which are discussed here. The WBC and TT counts using 1,000 erythrocytes from blood smears are not recommended for Amazon turtles nor other reptilian species, since wide variation in counts can be observed. Estimation methods for determining WBC and TT based on 2,000 erythrocytes of blood smears were most acceptable because they allow a differentiation between leukocytes and thrombocytes and also had a smaller variation. The methods investigated here for the Amazon turtle, which have been widely used in other reptile species, provided evidence that the most acceptable method is not that of using diluted stains and a hemocytometer.O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar três diferentes métodos para contar leucócitos totais [LT] (método de Natt & Herrick, de estimação em 1000 e 2000 eritrócitos e três métodos para contar trombócitos totais [TT] ( método de Wojtaszek, de estimação em 1000 e 2000 eritrócitos em uma espécie de tartaruga de água doce da América do Sul, Podocnemis expansa, Schweigger 1812 (Reptilia, Pelomedusidae. As contagens diretas de LT usando o método de Natt & Herrick mostraram limitações que são aqui discutidas. As contagens de LT e TT usando estimativa em 1000 eritrócitos na extensão sanguínea não são recomendadas para tartaruga-da-Amazônia nem para outras espécies de répteis, pois houve ampla variação nestas contagens. Os métodos para determinar LT e TT baseados em 2000 eritrócitos nas extensões sanguíneas foram mais aceitáveis porque

Reproduction and conservation of the Magdalena River turtle (Podocnemis lewyana) in the Claro Cocorna Sur River, Colombia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ceballos, Claudia P; Romero, Isabel; Gomez Saldarriaga, Catalina; Miranda, Karla

2014-01-01

The Magdalena river turtle, Podocnemis lewyana, is an endangered and endemic turtle from Colombia. Among the most important information needed to conserve endangered species is to identify, monitor, and protect the sites used by the species to reproduce and grow. In this study we report, for the first time, the reproductive output and the nesting beaches of P. lewyana in the Claro Cocorna Sur River, a tributary of the Magdalena river drainage. We systematically examined a river transect of 8 km with 14 sandy beaches during two nesting seasons in one year. We recorded a yearly production of 47 clutches, 957 eggs, and two preferred nesting beaches: Alto Bonito with 51 %, and Belgica with 28.3 % of this reproductive output. Aafuver, a community-based organization, has led a headstarting program since 2010 to decrease in-situ egg mortality due to predation on nesting beaches. Aafuver collects and incubates the eggs ex-situ, raises the hatchlings for one to five months and then releases them into the same river. To understand potential effects of such egg manipulation, we monitored and compared in-situ and ex-situ incubation temperatures. We found ex-situ temperatures below the pivotal temperature known for P. lewyana and below the temperatures in nesting beaches. Finally, we monitored hatchlings growth under aafuver captive conditions, and found that hatchlings duplicated their body mass during the first three months of age. Egg weight was strongly associated to body weight at hatching; however this association is lost by the third month of age. We strongly encourage supporting this community-based conservation program, and the protection of the Claro Cocorna Sur River as an important nesting and growth habitat for the conservation of P. lewyana.

Breeding loggerhead marine turtles Caretta caretta in Dry Tortugas National Park, USA, show high fidelity to diverse habitats near nesting beaches

Science.gov (United States)

Hart, Kristen M.; Zawada, David G.; Sartain-Iverson, Autumn R.; Fujisaki, Ikuko

2016-01-01

We used satellite telemetry to identify in-water habitat used by individuals in the smallest North-west Atlantic subpopulation of adult nesting loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta during the breeding season. During 2010, 2011 and 2012 breeding periods, a total of 20 adult females used habitats proximal to nesting beaches with various levels of protection within Dry Tortugas National Park. We then used a rapid, high-resolution, digital imaging system to map habitat adjacent to nesting beaches, revealing the diversity and distribution of available benthic cover. Turtle behaviour showing measurable site-fidelity to these diverse habitats has implications for managing protected areas and human activities within them. Protecting diverse benthic areas adjacent to loggerhead turtle nesting beaches here and elsewhere could provide benefits for overall biodiversity conservation.

Histología gonadal y criterios fenotípicos de maduración en las tortugas marinas Chelonia mydas y Eretmochelys imbricata (Testudines: Chelonidae de Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emir Pérez

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La madurez gonadal se suele evaluar a través del análisis macroscópico de las gónadas. En las tortugas marinas, las etapas de maduración están asociadas con el tamaño del cuerpo, dependiendo de la población estudiada. Los pescadores clasifican las tortugas que miden más de 65.0cm como maduras sexualmente. Si tienen los caracteres sexuales secundarios se registran como machos en edad reproductora. Nosotros comparáramos el tamaño del cuerpo con las características gonadales macroscópicas y microscópicas de dos tortugas de Cuba. Se obtuvieron dieciocho individuos de C. mydas y veinte de E. imbricata en la pesquería legal del Archipiélago Jardines del Rey (Cuba, entre octubre de 2005 y 2006. En los machos, el estado reproductivo (máxima espermiogénesis se comprobó mediante el análisis histológico de los testículos. En las hembras, la madurez sexual fue identificada por la presencia de folículos vitelogénicos u ovarios corpora. La mayoría de los machos eran inmaduros (C. mydas: 79.0cm; E. imbricata: 73.1±4.9cm, n=3 y carecían de los caracteres sexuales secundarios. Algunos E. imbricata que no tenían un pene desarrollado se encontraban en fases espermatogénicas entre II y IV (p. ej. pubescentes. La mayoría de las hembras eran inmaduras (C. mydas: 79.6±7.7cm, n=17; E. imbricata: 69.0±7.1cm, n=16; p. ej. prepubescente y pubescente. Las hembras prepubescentes tenían ovarios con folículos previtelogénicos de cerca de 1.0mm en un estroma compacto y amarillento. Las hembras pubescentes tenían ovarios con folículos previtelogénicos entre 2.0 y 3.0mm. El estroma fue más distendido e irrigado que en las tortugas pubescentes. El hallazgo de actividad espermatogénica en machos pubescentes indica la asincronía entre el desarrollo de testículos y pene en E. imbricata. El criterio fenotípico actual utilizado por los pescadores no es suficiente para determinar la madurez sexual de estas tortugas. La talla mínima tentativa

Characterization of sea turtles aggregations in Uruguay (Southwestern Atlantic Ocean): the ecology of the green turtle in temperate waters

OpenAIRE

Vélez Rubio, Gabriela Manuela

2017-01-01

Introducción Actualmente existen siete especies de tortugas marinas. Estas son la tortuga laúd o siete quillas (Dermochelys coriacea) como única especie representante de la familia Dermochelyidae, y las seis especies vivientes de la familia Cheloniidae: la tortuga carey (Eretmochelys imbricata), la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys kempii), la tortuga olivácea (Lepidochelys olivacea), la tortuga boba o cabezona (Caretta caretta), la tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas) y la tortuga aplanada (Natator d...

tortuga refines Notch pathway gene expression in the zebrafish presomitic mesoderm at the post-transcriptional level.

Science.gov (United States)

Dill, Kariena K; Amacher, Sharon L

2005-11-15

We have identified the zebrafish tortuga (tor) gene by an ENU-induced mutation that disrupts the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) expression of Notch pathway genes. In tor mutants, Notch pathway gene expression persists in regions of the PSM where expression is normally off in wild type embryos. The expression of hairy/Enhancer of split-related 1 (her1) is affected first, followed by the delta genes deltaC and deltaD, and finally, by another hairy/Enhancer of split-related gene, her7. In situ hybridization with intron-specific probes for her1 and deltaC indicates that transcriptional bursts of expression are normal in tor mutants, suggesting that tor normally functions to refine her1 and deltaC message levels downstream of transcription. Despite the striking defects in Notch pathway gene expression, somite boundaries form normally in tor mutant embryos, although somitic mesoderm defects are apparent later, when cells mature to form muscle fibers. Thus, while the function of Notch pathway genes is required for proper somite formation, the tor mutant phenotype suggests that precise oscillations of Notch pathway transcripts are not essential for establishing segmental pattern in the presomitic mesoderm.

Informe sobre reptiles colombianos (I: Noticia sobre el primer hallazgo de la Tortuga Geoemyda Annulata (Gray en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Medem Fred

1956-09-01

Full Text Available Geoemyda annulata fue descrita por Gray en 1860, del Ecuador (Esmeraldas. El typus y dos paratypus que se conservan en el British Museum (Boulenger, 1889: 127. Dunn (1945: 320 afirma que G. annulata es muy común en la Zona del Canal de Panamá. Schmidt (1946: 8 coleccionó material de dicha Zona, como también en Barro Colorado, isla situada en la misma región. El límite norte de la distribución geográfica para G. annulata aparentemente es Costa Rica (Chelopus gabbii, Cope, 1876, puesto que al menos desconozco datos exactos sobre su existencia más al norte.  En Colombia G. annulata no ha sido encontrada según Dunn (op. cit.: 320, quien sugirió como "muy probable" su presencia en este país. Durante la expedición "Operación Truandó" realizada por la Armada Nacional en julio de 1955, el autor logró hallar un ejemplar de G. annulata y pudo comprobar que dicha tortuga pertenece a la fauna colombiana.

Composición química del huevo de Tortuga Golfina Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae y su potencial como recurso alimenticio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Isabel Castro-González

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Por su potencial como fuente alimenticia, se analizó la composición química de huevo de Lepidochelys olivácea en La Escobilla, Oaxaca, México. El Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México proporcionó 250 muestras de huevo liofilizado de 25 tortugas, que se analizaron siguiendo métodos oficiales para humedad, cenizas, proteína, grasa, lípidos totales(LT y análisis microbiológicos; además de ácidos grasos(AG por cromatografía de gases, aminoácidos(AA, vitaminas y colesterol(col por HPLC. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: (g/100g humedad(4.7, cenizas(3.8, proteína(53.7 y grasa(47.4. AA esenciales (g aa/100g Proteína: Ile (4.4, Lys(6.6, Leu(7.4, Met+Cys (8.8, Phe+Tyr (10.8; retinol (340μg/100g, colecalciferol (5.9 μg/100g, tocoferol (8.6, tiamina (0.3 y riboflavina (1.1 (mg/100g. Y los de (LT, (AG y (Col se concentraron en tres grupos por peso de tortuga: (LT (44.3-48.7-49.1g/100g, (Col (518.4-522.5-728.7 mg/100g. Entonces se identificaron 17 AGSaturados, 8 AGMonoinsaturados y 11 AGPoliinsaturados. Los AGS más abundantes (mg/100g: C16:0 (485-1263, AGM: C16:1 (456-716, C18:1n-9c (904- 1754 y AGP: C20:4n-6 (105-217, EPA (48-103 y HA (97-189. También, existió diferencia significativa (Fisher, p<0.05 para (Col, AG totales, AGS, AGM, AGP y AG n-3 (EPA+DHA. No se detectó presencia de agentes microbiológicos. El huevo liofilizado de L. olivacea es una opción para el desarrollo de productos alimenticios por su proteína de alto valor biológico y ácidos grasos n-3.

DISTRIBUCIÓN POTENCIAL DE Podocnemis lewyana (REPTILIA:PODOCNEMIDIDAE Y SU POSIBLE FLUCTUACIÓN BAJO ESCENARIOS DE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO GLOBAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Ortiz-Yusty

2014-09-01

Full Text Available En este estudio se implementó el modelaje de distribución de especies para establecer el rango de distribución potencial de Podocnemis lewyana, explorar los componentes del clima que pueden influenciar dicha distribución y evaluar posibles fluctuaciones de su distribución bajo escenarios de clima futuro. Los modelos obtenidos predicen una distribución continua de sur a norte por todo el río Magdalena, desde los municipios de Rivera y Palermo en el departamento de Huila, hasta los departamentos de Atlántico y Magdalena en el norte. La temperatura fue el elemento del clima que más influyó en la distribución de P. lewyana; esta especie tiende a estar presente en climas cálidos y con poca variabilidad en la temperatura. El modelo de distribución transferido a los escenarios de clima futuro predicen un aumento en el rango geográfico de P. lewyana. Sin embargo, teniendo en cuenta las preferencias de hábitat de esta especie y su fuerte asociación con los cuerpos de agua, este resultado debe tomarse con cautela, dado que el modelo solo tuvo en cuenta variables climáticas terrestres. Dadas las características de historia de vida de esta especie (presencia de determinación sexual dependiente de la temperatura, alta temperatura pivotal y un rango de transición de temperatura muy estrecho, y el efecto negativo de los cambios en los regímenes hidrológicos en la mortalidad embrionaria, la expansión del área potencial de P. lewyana en el futuro no significa que esta especie no vaya a verse afectada por el cambio climático global.

Estrutura populacional, razão sexual e abundância de Podocnemis sextuberculata (Testudines, Podocnemididae na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Amazonas, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Augusto Fachín-Terán

2003-01-01

Full Text Available We studied turtles in the focal area of the Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá from September 1996 through August 1998. The reserve is located in the western part of the Brazilian Amazon, between the Japurá, Solimões, and Auti-Paraná rivers, near the city of Tefé, in the state of Amazonas. In this study the population structure, sex ratio and abundance of Podocnemis sextuberculata were investigated. We intensively studied the population of turtles in the Jarauá river basin in order to determine population structure. We sampled turtles in different sectors in the focal area of the reserve for one month each year during July and August of 1997 and 1998. We captured the turtles using flag gill nets and trammel nets. The type of net and the size of the nets used influenced the size of the turtles captured. The nets used by the local fishermen were sexually selective in the capture of the turtles. Sevent-two percent of the P. sextuberculata captured were adults; 13% juveniles and 14.7% subadults. During the second year of the study we found a lower density of turtles in the five areas wich we sampled each years. The sex ratio of captured P. sextuberculata was 1.87 males per female.

Development of small carbonate banks on the south Florida platform margin: Response to sea level and climate change

Science.gov (United States)

Mallinson, David J.; Hine, Albert C.; Hallock, Pamela; Locker, Stanley D.; Shinn, Eugene; Naar, David; Donahue, Brian; Weaver, Douglas C.

2003-01-01

Geophysical and coring data from the Dry Tortugas, Tortugas Bank, and Riley’s Hump on the southwest Florida margin reveal the stratigraphic framework and growth history of these carbonate banks. The Holocene reefs of the Dry Tortugas and Tortugas Bank are approximately 14 and 10 m thick, respectively, and are situated upon Pleistocene reefal edifices. Tortugas Bank consists of the oldest Holocene corals in the Florida Keys with earliest coral recruitment occurring at ∼9.6 cal ka. Growth curves for the Tortugas Bank reveal slow growth (demise at ∼4.2 cal ka. Coral reef development at the Dry Tortugas began at ∼6.4 cal ka. Aggradation at the Dry Tortugas was linear, and rapid (∼3.7 mm/yr) and kept pace with sea-level change. The increase in aggradation rate of Tortugas Bank at 6.2 cal ka is attributed to the growth of the Dry Tortugas reefs, which formed a barrier to inimical shelf water. Termination of shallow (<15 m below sea level) reef growth at Tortugas Bank at ∼4.2 cal ka is attributed to paleoclimate change in the North American interior that increased precipitation and fluvial discharge. Reef growth rates and characteristics are related to the rate of sea-level rise relative to the position of the reef on the shelf margin, and are additionally modified by hydrographic conditions related to climate change.

Propuesta para un plan de manejo de la colección de tortugas vivas de la Estación de Biología Tropical Roberto Franco, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mónica del Pilar Martínez Salas

2005-01-01

en procesos básicos que garantizan la conservación de los ejemplares como el desarrollo de protocolos para alimentación, biología y salud. Adicionalmente, se propuso que estos  procesos junto con cualquier otro evento que involucra a cada ejemplar fuera registrado en hojas de vida integradas, haciendo parte vital de la documentación de la colección para optimizar su potencial de investigación para el futuro. Por otra parte, la zonificación funcional sugirió áreas específicas para desarrollar estudios con todas las especies presentes y resaltó la importancia de dar continuidad a la labor de educación que se realiza con el público. Dentro de los estudios con mayor  potencial se evidenció la importancia de realizar programas de reproducción en cautiverio con las especies Phrynops dahli y Podocnemis lewyana, que se encuentran amenazadas y son endémicas de Colombia, por lo que tienen un gran interés para la conservación ex situ.

Análisis del éxito de incubación de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) en función del manejo de los nidos. Península de Osa, Costa Rica

OpenAIRE

Malmierca Pérez, Atenea

2018-01-01

En este trabajo de final de grado se expone un análisis del éxito de incubación (éxito de eclosión y éxito de emergencia) de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea) en las playas Carate y La Leona (Península de Osa, Costa Rica), según los diferentes métodos de manejo de nidos realizados (nidos in situ, nidos reubicados en playa y nidos reubicados en el vivero). El objetivo principal de este trabajo es ver si tanto el manejo de los nidos, como la temperatura de la arena y el recubrimiento h...

Impacto de la luz artificial sobre la anidación de la tortuga marina Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae, en playa Cipara, Venezuela

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Rondón Médicci

2009-09-01

Full Text Available En Playa Cipara, Península de Paria, Venezuela, se evaluó el impacto de la luz artificial sobre la anidación de la tortuga cardón. Se estimó el número de anidaciones y su distribución espacial a lo largo de la playa entre los años sin y con iluminación artificial y entre segmentos de playa iluminada y oscura. Se hicieron entrevistas a los residentes para conocer su percepción sobre el impacto de la luz artificial hacia las tortugas marinas. Entre el 2000 y 2005 se registraron 1 217 salidas de tortuga cardón; con 1 056 nidos. El número de nidos con huevos dependió significativamente del año (p=0.035 al igual que el número de nidos totales (p=0.015. En los años previos a la electricidad (2000-2003 se observaron 743 salidas, de las cuales 661 con nido y 374 nidadas confirmadas. En los dos años (2004-2005 con iluminación artificial, se contaron 474 salidas con 395 nidos y 232 nidadas. La proporción de salidas con construcción de nido disminuyó significativamente (p=0.005 en los años con luz eléctrica, pero no varió el éxito de desove (p=0.402. No se encontró diferencia significativa entre el número de salidas por metro de playa en los sectores oscuros y los iluminados (p=0.244, ni entre el número de nidos construidos (p=0.379, ni entre las anidaciones con desove (p=0.516. Tampoco en la proporción de las salidas totales que constituyeron anidaciones (p=0.067 entre los sectores iluminados y oscuros, ni en la proporción de nidos exitosos (p=0.833. El volumen medio de arena por metro de playa fue mayor en La Peña, Cipara y La Remate y menor en Varadero (pImpact of artificial light on nesting in the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae at Cipara beach, Venezuela. The number of Leatherback turtle nests and their spatial distribution was compared between years with and without artificial light, and between dark and lighted beach segments, in Cipara Beach, Paria Peninsula, Venezuela. Residents

Habitat selection by green turtles in a spatially heterogeneous benthic landscape in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida

Science.gov (United States)

Fujisaki, Ikuko; Hart, Kristen M.; Sartain-Iverson, Autumn R.

2016-01-01

We examined habitat selection by green turtles Chelonia mydas at Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, USA. We tracked 15 turtles (6 females and 9 males) using platform transmitter terminals (PTTs); 13 of these turtles were equipped with additional acoustic transmitters. Location data by PTTs comprised periods of 40 to 226 d in varying months from 2009 to 2012. Core areas were concentrated in shallow water (mean bathymetry depth of 7.7 m) with a comparably dense coverage of seagrass; however, the utilization distribution overlap index indicated a low degree of habitat sharing. The probability of detecting a turtle on an acoustic receiver was inversely associated with the distance from the receiver to turtle capture sites and was lower in shallower water. The estimated daily detection probability of a single turtle at a given acoustic station throughout the acoustic array was small (turtle detections was even smaller. However, the conditional probability of multiple turtle detections, given at least one turtle detection at a receiver, was much higher despite the small number of tagged turtles in each year (n = 1 to 5). Also, multiple detections of different turtles at a receiver frequently occurred within a few minutes (40%, or 164 of 415, occurred within 1 min). Our numerical estimates of core area overlap, co-occupancy probabilities, and habitat characterization for green turtles could be used to guide conservation of the area to sustain the population of this species.

Condiciones óptimas de cultivo de linfocitos y análisis parcial del cariotipo de la tortuga cabezona, Caretta caretta (Testudines: Cheloniidae en Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ellie Ann López

2008-09-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años se ha registrado una disminución importante en el número de individuos de la tortuga marina Caretta caretta anidantes en el Caribe colombiano, situación que pone en evidencia la posibilidad de su extinción a mediano plazo. Por esto, es necesario implementar planes para su manejo y conservación. En este estudio se determinaron los requerimientos del cultivo de linfocitos de Caretta caretta para la obtención de cariotipos que permitan la identificación citogenética, el estudio inmunológico y toxicológico de individuos sin necesidad de sacrificarlos. Se muestrearon 47 individuos de C. caretta de Santa Marta, Colombia obteniendo sangre periférica con la que se realizaron ensayos de las diferentes variables hasta obtener las condiciones óptimas para el cultivo convencional de linfocitos. El cariotipo obtenido presentó 56 cromosomas: 32 macrocromosomas y 24 microcromosomas. El ideograma mostró que C. caretta tiene cuatro grupos de cromosomas: el grupo A compuesto por doce (12 pares de cromosomas de mayor tamaño. El Grupo B compuesto por cuatro (4 pares de cromosomas medianos y pequeños y el Grupo C conformado por 12 pares de microcromosomas. No se observaron cromosomas sexuales. Estos resultados están en desacuerdo con el cariotipo descrito por Kamesaki (1989, debido posiblemente a que las muestras analizadas en ese estudio fueron colectadas en el Océano Pacifico (Japón. El presente estudio es el primero realizado con tortugas del Océano Atlántico que cuenta con la descripción completa de la morfología cromosómica. Es posible, que una de las estrategias adaptativas de esta especie sea el intercambio genético con otras especies de la familia, que produce individuos híbridos viables. En este aspecto se ha descrito la hibridación de tortugas Caretta caretta con Eretmochelys imbricata, Chelonia mydas y Lepidochelys kempii, esto sugiere la posibilidad que los individuos caracterizados en este estudio sean h

Conservation of freshwater turtles in Amazonia: retrospective and future prospects

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aderson de Souza Alcântara

2014-08-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to discuss the current status of conservation of freshwater turtles of the Amazon and the absence of the genus Podocnemis the Official List of Species of Brazilian Fauna Threatened with Extinction. Amazonian turtles are used as food by indigenous people and fisherman communities. However, fishing of adult females, uncontrolled egg collecting, habitat degradation and trafficking in wildlife have caused the decline of these populations. Nevertheless, Podocnemis expansa and Podocnemis unifilis were not included in the Brazil’s official list of animals threatened. Therefore, the turtles remain at great risk, due to the intense pressure that they are suffering. It is recommended that the criteria and the conservation status are reviewed including those animals in the category of vulnerable and to ensure a thorough review and modification in the current Brazilian law to be covered studies and management of turtles for subsistence, respecting and adding value to way of life of Amazonian peoples.

[Epidemiological study of intestinal helminthiasis in the island of Tortuga (Haiti). I. Prevalence of trichocephalosis, ascaridiasis and necatoriasis studied from elimination of eggs in the stools].

Science.gov (United States)

Raccurt, C; Vial, P; Pierre-Louis, J M

1977-01-01

An epidemiological survey is conducted by spot-checks over about 10% of the population of Tortuga Island in order to estimate the prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis in that region of the Republic of Haïti, by researching the presence of eggs in faeces. Population sample is representative of the whole of the island's population excepting the 0-4 years old group whose faeces are difficult to obtain. Faeces are examined through the Kato method, a very simple, quick and remarkably accurate procedure. Trichuriasis and ascariasis, which are transmitted in the area around the house, affect mainly children, but also adults. Women seem to be more often infested than men by Ascaris lumbricoides. Necatoriasis, the farmer's disease, hits primarily young men and elderly women who spend most time in the fields. It is observed in inland villages where people are engaged in agricultural production, with a higher incidence if they are located in a not so sloping zone.

INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION OF THE GREEN TURTLE, Chelonia mydas (CHELONIIDAE, IN THE FORAGING AREA OF GORGONA NATURAL NATIONAL PARK (COLOMBIAN PACIFIC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura Sampson

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Se comparó la distribución de tallas y condición corporal de los dos morfotipos conocidos de tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas en el área de forrajeo del Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona (PNNG en el Pacífico colombiano entre 2003 y 2012. Se tomaron medidas de largo recto de caparazón (LRC, largo curvo de caparazón (LCC, peso y condición corporal de 1.023 tortugas capturadas en los arrecifes del PNNG. Se capturaron más tortugas negras (n = 747 que amarillas (n = 276, todas juveniles. Las tortugas negras fueron significativamente más grandes y pesadas que las amarillas. El tamaño de reclutamiento a la zona nerítica fue de 40,0–49,9 cm para ambos morfotipos, pero hubo más tortugas amarillas que negras en este intervalo de tamaños, lo cual sugiere una variación en el patrón de reclutamiento. El índice de condición corporal de las tortugas amarillas fue significativamente más alto que el de las tortugas negras, lo cual podría indicar diferencias en la utilización de recursos. Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se sugiere que el PNNG podría funcionar como un área de reclutamiento para las tortugas amarillas, las cuales llegan más pequeñas a esta zona; y como parte de la ruta migratoria costera de las tortugas negras, las cuales llegan más grandes e incluso residen en esta localidad durante un lapso de tiempo desconocido.

Use and commercialization of Podocnemis expansa (Schweiger 1812 (Testudines: Podocnemididae for medicinal purposes in two communities in North of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Santana Gindomar G

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Throughout Brazil a large number of people seek out reptiles for their meat, leather, ornamental value and supposed medicinal importance. However, there is a dearth of information on the use of reptiles in folk medicine. In North Brazil, the freshwater turtle, Podocnemis expansa, is one of the most frequently used species in traditional medicines. Many products derived from P. expansa are utilized in rural areas and also commercialized in outdoor markets as a cure or treatment for different diseases. Here we document the use and commercialization of P. expansa for medicinal purposes in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil. Methods Data were gathered through interview-questionnaires, with some questions left open-ended. Information was collected in two localities in Pará State, North of Brazil. In the City of Belém, data was collected through interviews with 23 herbs or root sellers (13 men and 10 women. Attempts were made to interview all animal merchants in the markets visited. In fishing community of the Pesqueiro Beach, interviews were done with 41 inhabitants (23 men and 18 women and during the first contacts with the local population, we attempted to identify local people with a specialized knowledge of medicinal animal usage. Results P. expansa was traded for use in traditional medicines and cosmetics. Fat and egg shells were used to treat 16 different diseases. Turtle fat was the main product sold. The demand for these products is unknown. However, the use of this species in folk medicine might have a considerable impact on wild population, and this must be taken into account for the conservation and management of this species. Conclusion Our results indicated that the use and commercialization of P. expansa products for medicinal purposes is common in North of Brazil. More studies regarding the use and commerce of Brazilian turtles are urgently needed in order to evaluate the real impact of such activities on natural

Use and commercialization of Podocnemis expansa (Schweiger 1812) (Testudines: Podocnemididae) for medicinal purposes in two communities in North of Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Alves, Rômulo R N; Santana, Gindomar G

2008-01-21

Throughout Brazil a large number of people seek out reptiles for their meat, leather, ornamental value and supposed medicinal importance. However, there is a dearth of information on the use of reptiles in folk medicine. In North Brazil, the freshwater turtle, Podocnemis expansa, is one of the most frequently used species in traditional medicines. Many products derived from P. expansa are utilized in rural areas and also commercialized in outdoor markets as a cure or treatment for different diseases. Here we document the use and commercialization of P. expansa for medicinal purposes in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil. Data were gathered through interview-questionnaires, with some questions left open-ended. Information was collected in two localities in Pará State, North of Brazil. In the City of Belém, data was collected through interviews with 23 herbs or root sellers (13 men and 10 women). Attempts were made to interview all animal merchants in the markets visited. In fishing community of the Pesqueiro Beach, interviews were done with 41 inhabitants (23 men and 18 women) and during the first contacts with the local population, we attempted to identify local people with a specialized knowledge of medicinal animal usage. P. expansa was traded for use in traditional medicines and cosmetics. Fat and egg shells were used to treat 16 different diseases. Turtle fat was the main product sold. The demand for these products is unknown. However, the use of this species in folk medicine might have a considerable impact on wild population, and this must be taken into account for the conservation and management of this species. Our results indicated that the use and commercialization of P. expansa products for medicinal purposes is common in North of Brazil. More studies regarding the use and commerce of Brazilian turtles are urgently needed in order to evaluate the real impact of such activities on natural populations. We hope that our findings about the trade and use

[Epidemiological study of intestinal helminthiasis in the island of Tortuga (Haiti). II. Evaluation of the parasite count by means of the Kato method].

Science.gov (United States)

Raccurt, C; Vial, P; Pierre-Louis, J M

1977-01-01

Results of the numbering of T. trichiura, A. lumbricoides et N. americanus eggs found in the stool, taken from a representative sample of the population of Tortuga island, shows the importance of parasital load borne by people attacked by the parasites. Those who produce the greatest number of eggs for a gram of faeces are young children. For adults, the evolution of the parasital load follow that of the prevalence, for each Nematodes, with an increase of the average number of eggs of A. lumbricoides per gram of faeces for adults aged 30 to 44, and of the average number of N. amercanus per gram of faeces for adults aged 45 to 59. Moreover women adults show a higher number of parasites than men. Farmers from villages within the interior of the island who are more often attacked than those from the coast, also bear a parasital load which is twice as high. Victims less than 5 years old and more than 30, particularly women, whose faeces are richest in eggs, seem to present the greatest danger for the transmission of ascaridiosis and necatorosis in Toruga Island.

Estructura de tallas de tortuga pico de loro Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae en Tumbes, Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Vera

2012-11-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se analizó la estructura de tallas de ejemplares de tortuga pico de loro Lepidochelys olivacea, varados y capturados incidentalmente en las playas de Tumbes, Perú (3º38’9,5”S – 80º36’2,48”W y 3º57’21,3”S – 80º57’45,72”W, desde noviembre de 2006 a octubre de 2011. El área de estudio se dividió en tres zonas contiguas, limitadas por las quebradas más activas (Bocapán, El Rubio y Peña Negra. Se registraron 39 ejemplares (74,4% varados y 25,6% capturados incidentalmente, cuyas tallas variaron de 45 a 75 cm LCC (62,5±5,7 cm LCC. El 64,1% correspondió a individuos sub-adultos (<65 cm LCC; n= 25. Espacialmente la mayor cantidad de registros ocurrieron en las zonas 3 y 2, en las cuales porcentajes superiores al 60% se consideraron sub-adultos; mientras que en la zona 1, el 83% fue adulto. Temporalmente en la época lluviosa se registró la mayoría de las observaciones (59%, en la cual el 78,3% de ejemplares se consideró sub–adulto; siendo mayor que en la época seca (43,8%. Las tallas presentaron diferencias significativas entre zonas y épocas climáticas. Se corroboró el patrón de distribución latitudinal por estados de madurez aparente (más adultos en el norte. La presencia del componente adulto indicaría que el litoral de Tumbes sería una potencial zona de anidamiento de L. olivacea, con mayores probabilidades de ovoposición en época seca, corroborada por los eventos de anidamiento recientes.

Final Environmental Assessment for Continued Personnel Recovery Training Operations Within the Gulf of Mexico WTA Moody Air Force Base, Georgia

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-01

occurring on the Eastern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico (Marquez 1990 and TEWG 2000); and (5) a Dry Tortugas nesting subpopulation, occurring in the...islands of the Dry Tortugas , near Key West, Florida (NMFS SEFSC 2001). The recently published recovery plan for the Northwest Atlantic population of...southern Virginia); (2) the Peninsular Florida Recovery Unit (Florida/Georgia border through Pinellas County, Florida); (3) the Dry Tortugas Recovery

Santa Rosa Island Final Range Environmental Assessment, Revision 1. Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Science.gov (United States)

2012-03-01

west coast; 3) Dry Tortugas , Florida, Subpopulation; 4) Florida Panhandle Subpopulation occurring at Eglin AFB and the beaches near Panama City; and... Tortugas , florida, Subpopulation, (4) Northwest florida Subpopulation occurring at Eglin Ai r Force Base and the beaches near Panama City; and (5...annually from 1995 and 2005 (FWC/FWRI sea turtle nesting database and unpublished data). A nearly complete census of the Dry Tortugas Subpopulation

The Long War Against Piracy: Historical Trends (Occasional Paper, Number 32)

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-01

develop bases closer to their targets.8 Tortuga , located off the northwest coast of Hispaniola, was the first great pirate sanctuary. It maintained...the boucaniers fled to Tortuga , a small island off the northwest coast of Hispaniola, and turned to piracy. The French boucaniers, whose name was...buccaneers commanded large sailing vessels and operated with impunity throughout the Caribbean. Although the Spanish raided Tortuga from time to time

Enhancing Joint Warfighting Readiness Through Conduct of Foreign Disaster Relief Operations

Science.gov (United States)

2014-03-26

seas. USS Tortuga (LSD 46) loaded amphibious landing craft and departed its homeport of Sasebo, Japan, immediately after the tsunami on 11 March to...5. 32 53E helicopters from a detachment in Korea and proceed north to provide assistance. Once arriving in the disaster area, Tortuga loaded...Onimato and delivered the JGSDF personnel vehicles ashore by amphibious landing craft. Once the offload was complete, Tortuga remained on station as

Nevus melanocítico intradérmico congénito gigante. "El niño tortuga (testudines": Caso clínico Giant congenital melanocytic nevus. "Turtle boy": Case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.F. Arango Ospina

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 2 años de edad, conocido en su pueblo, como "el niño tortuga (testudines" debido a la gran similitud con dicho reptil. Desde su nacimiento presentó nevus melanocítico gigante localizado en región torácica posterior, región lumbosacra y lesiones satélites en extremidades y abdomen, de 50 por 40cm de diámetro y color café oscuro; la piel en las zonas afectadas es gruesa con grandes surcos de aspecto corrugado (cerebriforme. El nombre dado al niño se basa en la similitud de sus lesiones con la morfología de una tortuga, ya que el caparazón cubre la zona superior, inferior y lateral del cuerpo de este animal, de la misma forma que el nevus gigante lo hacía en el caso de nuestro paciente. Este caparazón está formado por placas óseas revestidas de placas corneas, que se asemejan a los surcos de aspecto corrugado que conforman el nevus melanocítico gigante. Los estudios clínicos practicados revelaron compromiso cardiovascular, hepático y esplénico, así como una desfavorable evolución y pronostico del cuadro clínico, por lo que esta patología, específicamente para este niño y de acuerdo a la junta Médico-Quirúrgica y valoraciones, fue considerada inoperable.We present the case of a 2 years-old patient, known in his town as "turtle boy"(testudines due to his great simility with this reptile because of his giant congenital melanocytic nevus, located in the posterior and lateral aspect of the chest and in smaller proportion in abdomen and extremities, of 50 by 40cm and dark brown colour. The skin in this zone is thick with great furrows and corrugated aspect. He was called "turtle boy" based on the morphology of the turtle, its shell covers the superior, inferior and lateral zone like in our patient's case. It is formed by bone layers covered by cornea layers, which resemble the furrows and corrugated aspect of the giant congenital melanocytic nevus. Medical investigation reveals

Navy Program Guide 2011

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-01

USS Rushmore (LSD 47) USS Tortuga (LSD 46) USS Gunston Hall (LSD 44) USS Higgins (DDG 76) (w/Task Force 150) USS Fletcher (DD 992) (w...USS Iwo Jima (LHD 7) USS Shreveport (LPD 17) USS Tortuga (LSD 46) USS Whidbey Island (LSD 41) USS Grapple (ARS 53) USNS Comfort (T...Harpers Ferry (LSD 49) Storm Ketsana / FHA USS Tortuga 29 Sep - 4 Oct 2009 America Samoa / Tsunami Relief / HA USS Ingraham (FFG 61

Environmental Assessment of the General Plan and Maintenance of Patrick Air Force Base, Florida

Science.gov (United States)

2012-07-17

females annually ccur in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (U.S.), Dry Tortugas (U.S.), Cay Sal Bank (Bahamas), ergipe and Northern Bahia (Brazil), Southern...Subpopulation occurring from about 29°N. on Florida’s east coast to Sarasota on Florida’s west coast; (3) Dry Tortugas , Florida, Sul>population, (4...B. Witherington, FWC, personal communication 2007). A near complete census of the Dry Tortugas Subpopulation undertaken from 1995 to 2004

Report to Congress on Sustainable Ranges, 2011

Science.gov (United States)

2011-07-01

Tortugas and Fort Jefferson. 3. The ASUW Mission Area for the range complex was deleted for the 2011 assessment; the assessment dropped from 9.09 to...Comments Noise Restrictions Anti-Air Warfare (AAW) Sonic booms generated by VFA aircraft in the vicinity of the Dry Tortugas reportedly startles...Environmental Assessment recommended stipulating the expansion of an existing buffer zone around the Dry Tortugas by 2,000 feet, from 18,000 to 20,000

Stopping Piracy: Refocusing on Land-based Governance

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

control over Guadeloupe, Hispaniola, and Martinique. They also held nominal sway over Tortuga , later to become a pirate safe haven. The Dutch began to...population of Tortuga to move to Jamaica in an effort to reinforce the island’s defenses. By 1665, more than 2,000 pirates operated out of Port Royal...mainly worked out of Tortuga . The French pirate Francois l’Olonais was a particularly brutal criminal, and reportedly decapitated 87 Spanish

Compendium of Proposed NTPR Expedited Processing Groups

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-01

seven ships (USS COGSWELL, USS COMSTOCK, USS EPPERSON, USS HITCHITI, USS SILVERSTEIN, USS TILLAMOOK, and USS TORTUGA ) that only participated in shots at...230 USS TILLAMOOK (ATA 192) Johnston Island July 28 August 7 ~20 USS TORTUGA (LSD 26) Enewetak Atoll Pre-Operation March 1 April 14 326 Total...radioactivity found in water samples drawn at these times and distances would have been so dilute as to preclude measureable exposure. USS TORTUGA

7 CFR 305.21 - Hot water dip treatment schedule for mangoes.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., Margarita, Tortuga, or Trinidad and Tobago) Flat, elongated varieties Up to 400400-570 6575 Rounded... Panama, South America, or West Indies islands of Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao, Margarita, Tortuga, or Trinidad...

Do three massive coral species from the same reef record the same SST signal? A test from the Dry Tortugas, Florida Keys

Science.gov (United States)

DeLong, K.L.; Poore, R.Z.; Reich, C.D.; Flannery, J.A.; Maupin, Christopher R.; Quinn, T.M.

2010-01-01

Paleoclimatologists have reconstructed century-long records of sea surface temperature (SST) in the Pacific using the Sr/Ca of massive corals, whereas similar reconstructions in the Atlantic have not proceeded at the same pace. Past research in the Florida Keys has focused on Montastrea spp., an abundant and fast-growing massive coral, thus a good candidate for climate reconstructions. However, coral records from the Florida Keys are complicated by freshwater flux, which varies the Sr/Ca in seawater, thus confounding the Sr/Ca to SST signal. In this research, we compared the monthly Sr/Ca variations in three massive corals species (Montastraea faveolata, Diploria strigosa, and Siderastrea siderea) from the same reef in the nearly pristine Dry Tortugas National Park (24.70N, 82.80W) at the southwestern extent of the Florida Keys. This location is ideal for a calibration study as hourly water temperature records are available and the remote reef is far from mainland freshwater influence. These corals experienced the same environmental conditions (water depth, clarity, Sr/Ca of seawater, etc.) but differ in the mean annual growth rates (0.86 ±0.10 (1σ) cm/year M. faveolata; 0.67 ±0.04 (1σ) cm/year D. strigosa; 0.44 ±0.04 (1σ) cm/year S. siderea). The mean Sr/Ca values are not the same but decrease with mean annual growth rates (9.201 ±0.091 (1σ) mmol/mol M. faveolata; 9.177 ±0.081 (1σ) mmol/mol D. strigosa; 8.964 ±0.12 (1σ) mmol/mol S. siderea), thus supporting the “vital effect” or biological differences during calcification between coral species. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle in Sr/Ca varies with the slower growing S. sidereahaving the largest mean amplitude and D. strigosa the smallest (0.340 mmol/mol S. siderea; 0.284 mmol/mol M. faveolata; 0.238 mmol/mol D. strigosa). We confirmed our sampling methods by conducting several intracolony and intercolony coral Sr/Ca replication tests and found a high correlation in all tests (>0.95�

Recapitalization of Amphibious Operation and Lift

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

CA LSD-45 USS Comstock San Diego, CA LSD-46 USS Tortuga Sasebo, Japan LSD-47 USS Rushmore San Diego, CA LSD-48 USS Ashland Little Creek, VA Table...elements 8) Conduct land missions to take over hostile nation forces The LSD: The USS Tortuga (LSD-46), located in its homeport of Sasebo, Japan, is...ATF from surface, subsurface, and air threats while conducting the assault. Once on station, the USS Tortuga is capable of conducting amphibious

Low-Latitude Western North Atlantic Climate Variability During the Past Millennium: Insights from Proxies and Models

Science.gov (United States)

2009-09-01

Stream variability over the past two millennia (Figure 3). Two records from the Dry Tortugas , a region that is also sensitive to Gulf Stream variability...scheme used in our reconstruction to the Dry Tortugas record, we estimate a ~1.0ºC kyr-1 rise over this period that is similar to that reconstructed at...the Carolina Slope. The millennial-scale warming trend at the Dry Tortugas and Carolina Slope may reflect changes in ocean circulation that

Leveraging Naval Riverine Forces to Achieve Information Superiority in Stability Operations

Science.gov (United States)

2010-12-01

Commanding Officer, USS TORTUGA (LSD-46) surveys the extent of flooding in the 9th Ward, New Orleans, LA, after Hurricane Katrina (From Watkins...13). Even though forces had been on site for many days prior to the author’s arrival on USS TORTUGA eight days after the storm, on the first day...Commanding Officer, USS TORTUGA (LSD-46) surveys the extent of flooding in the 9th Ward, New Orleans, LA, after Hurricane Katrina (From Watkins, 2005

Application of Landscape Mosaic Technology to Complement Coral Reef Resource Mapping and Monitoring

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

Reef, Dry Tortugas , Florida. ......................82  RC-1333 Final Report to SERDP 2010 R.P.Reid viii Figure A53. Site two, a...ranged from 35.4 to 46.7. The color-skewed mosaic from the deep site in the Dry Tortugas had one channel (red) with low contrast (S.D. = 24.1) but...ecosystems at mesophotic depths (the US Virgin Islands and the Dry Tortugas , USA), analyze the mosaics to measure the cover of dominant benthic taxa, and

Defense.gov Special Report: African-American History Month 2014

Science.gov (United States)

January 1996, she became the executive officer of USS Tortuga (LSD 46) and deployed to the Adriatic in days after returning from the Mediterranean deployment, Tortuga departed on a West African training

Radiation Dose Assessments for Fleet-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi, Revision 1

Science.gov (United States)

2014-04-01

94 B-18. USS Tortuga (LSD 46...A LCAC 9, 29 USS Tortuga ‡ LSD 46 N/A N/A USS Harpers Ferry LSD 49 N/A LCAC 10, 81 Military Sealift Command (MSC) USNS Richard E. Byrd T-AKE 4 N/A...10 Apr 11–May 11 At Sea Sasebo NB USS Tortuga (LSD 46) Mar 12 Mar 13–Apr 10 Apr 11 Apr 12–14 Apr 15–27 Apr 28–May 11 Sasebo NB At Sea

Proceedings of the SERDP Coral Reef Monitoring and Assessment Workshop

Science.gov (United States)

2009-12-01

the U.S. that have coral reefs within their jurisdictions. Biscayne National Park, the Dry Tortugas , and U.S. Virgin Island parks at St. John and...Signs Monitoring Networks Dry Tortugas NP Buck Island Reef NM Virgin Islands National Park Biscayne NP South Florida/Caribbean Network Florida/Caribbean...Buck Island, Dry Tortugas and Biscayne • Extensive sites – 4 10m permanent transects per site – 18 sites in DRTO Virgin Islands NP % l i v e c o r

Conservation of Sooty Terns on Wake Atoll Complex

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-01

Ascension Island. Atlantic Seabirds 1:159-168. Robertson, W. B. 1964. The terns of the Dry Tortugas . Bulletin of the Florida State Museum 8:1-94 Saliva...Science 60(2):299–303. Sprunt, A. Jr. 1948. The tern colonies of the Dry Tortugas Keys. Auk 65: 1-19. Surman, C. A. and L. W. Nicholson. 2009...5:518-531. Watson, J. B. 1908. The behavior of Noddy and Sooty Terns. Papers from the Tortugas Lab 2:187-255. Wilcove, D. S., D. Rothstein, J

Radiation Dose Assessments for Fleet-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-01

92 B-18. USS Tortuga (LSD 46) ............................................................................. 93 B-19. USS Harpers Ferry (LSD...Essex Amphibious Ready Group (ESX ARG) USS Essex LHD 2 N/A LCU 1631, 1634, 1651 1,960 (4) USS Germantown † LSD 42 N/A LCAC 9, 29 USS Tortuga † LSD...Sasebo NB USS Tortuga (LSD 46) Mar 12 Mar 13–Apr 10 Apr 11 Apr 12–14 Apr 15–27 Apr 28–May 11 Sasebo NB At Sea Yokosuka NB At Sea Sasebo NB

NATO Independent Cost Estimating and the Role of Life Cycle Cost Analysis in Managing the Defence Enterprise (Estimation independante des couts de l’OTAN et role de l’analyse des couts globaux de possesssion au sen de l’OTAN)

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-01

Tortuga LSD 46 LSD 6 1990 United States Rushmore LSD 47 LSD 7 1991 United States Ashland LSD 48 LSD 8 1992 United States Harpers Ferry LSD 49 LSD 1...LM5 LM6 LM7 LM8 LM9 Svalbard Carlskrona Thomaston Plymouth Rock Lyme Bay Anchorage Whidbey Island Raleigh Tortuga Protecteur Atle Largs Bay Fort...8217 Comstock Tortuga Rushmore Ashland ’Harpers Ferry’ ’Carter Hall’ ’Oak Hill’ ’Pearl Harbour’ Siroco Albion Bulwark ’Largs Bay’ ’Lyme Bay’ ’Mounts Bay

Demonstration of ROV Based Underwater Electromagnetic Array Technology

Science.gov (United States)

2016-03-01

levels. In addition, South Florida experiences more hurricanes and tropical depressions than any other area in the United States. Storms are most...organisms and processes building reefs and islands of the Dry Tortugas: The Carnegie Dry Tortugas laboratory centennial celebrations (1905-2005

Demonstration of ROV-Based Underwater Electromagnetic Array Technology

Science.gov (United States)

2016-03-01

levels. In addition, South Florida experiences more hurricanes and tropical depressions than any other area in the United States. Storms are most...organisms and processes building reefs and islands of the Dry Tortugas: The Carnegie Dry Tortugas laboratory centennial celebrations (1905-2005

16th Annual Expeditionary Warfare Conference: Integrating Future and Present Capabilities

Science.gov (United States)

2011-10-27

undergo modernization • USS ASHLAND (LSD 48) and USS TORTUGA (LSD 46) will swap homeports (Norfolk/Sasebo) Installs Per FY: 2 - 2...Swedish RCBs landing in the LSD 41 class (USS TORTUGA ) well deck Unclassified MLP OSRV Lessons Learned (Representative) • All sailors aren‟t

Architect of Union Victory? Montgomery Meigs, Jomini, and Union Success in the American Civil War

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-23

Floyd, ultimately caused Captain Meigs to be “exiled” to the Tortugas in Florida.20 16 Russell F...Washington for the Tortugas late in 1860. There was a great deal of unrest as he travelled through the south to Florida. As he was settling into Fort

Navy Force Structure: Sustainable Plan and Comprehensive Assessment Needed to Mitigate Long-Term Risks to Ships Assigned to Overseas Homeports

Science.gov (United States)

2015-05-01

its fiscal year 2013 budget request, the Navy proposed decommissioning the USS Tortuga —a dock landing ship homeported overseas from March 2006...legislative actions, Congress raised questions about the Navy’s decision to decommission the Tortuga and other ships early. Page 34 GAO-15-329

Measured Maritime Responses to Disaster Relief Scenarios in the Pacific

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-01

command center. USS TORTUGA assisted the Japanese Ground Self Defense Force (JGSDF) by moving nearly 100 vehicles and 300 SDF personnel from Hokkaido to...northern Honshu and thus facilitated faster relief. Subsequently, TORTUGA became the flagship for Task Group 776.36, a port clearance group that

Los huevos falsos (SAGs facilitan el comportamiento social de emergencia en las crías de la tortuga laúd Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Patiño-Martinez

2010-09-01

Full Text Available La emergencia de las crías de tortuga laúd eclosionadas en los nidos profundos desde la arena hasta la superficie de la playa ocurre sin ayuda parental y es el primer gran desafío de supervivencia en su ciclo de vida. Este estudio, desarrollado en la costa Caribe colombiana, describe el comportamiento social de emergencia de neonatos y evalúa el efecto de la traslocación de los nidos en los patrones temporales de emergencia. Se propone por primera vez que el espacio liberado por la deshidratación de falsos huevos (SAGs en la nidada, representa una ventaja reproductiva al facilitar el agrupamiento de los neonatos en un espacio muy limitado y favorecer la sincronía de la emergencia. El tiempo medio registrado para la emergencia en grupo fue de 3.3 días, variando entre uno y seis días. La traslocación de los nidos no afectó el patrón temporal de emergencia que fue predominantemente nocturno (77.77% en nidos naturales y 81.65% en trasladados. Los picos máximos de emergencias a la superficie coincidieron con los periodos de menor temperatura ambiental exterior (22:00h-06:00h. La ventaja selectiva de este patrón temporal y de la emergencia sincrónica está probablemente relacionada con las mayores tasas de depredación y mortalidad por hipertermia observadas durante el día.

F-35A Training Basing Environmental Impact Statement. Volume 2. Appendix A through Appendix C

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

Tortugas in 1969 as to whether behavioral response of adults to sonic booms from extremely low-flying military jets ( meters AGL) or overgrowth of...island vegetation were causal factors (Gladwin et al. 1988). Actions were taken to curb planes breaking the sound barrier within range of the Tortugas

Canaveral Harbor, Florida, Integrated Section 203 Navigation Study Report and Final Environmental Assessment. Volume 1

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-01

Bielsa et al., 1983) where adult females lay demersal eggs. Spawning takes place year round in some areas (e.g., Tortugas Shelf), but peak spawning...Manatees rarely venture into deep ocean waters. However, there are reports of manatees in locations as far offshore as the Dry Tortugas Islands

Naval War College Review. Volume 66, Number 4, Autumn 2013

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

re- sponse to the 11 March triple disaster, the dock landing ship Uss Tortuga (lsd 46) got under way from sasebo, embarked over ninety sdf vehicles...and around three hundred sdf personnel, and carried them to northern Honshu, where Tortuga served as a forward service base afloat for helicopter

Environment Assessment for Grand Bay Range, Bemiss Field, and Moody Explosive Ordnance Disposal Range Operations

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-01

were potentially linked to a mass hatch failure of Sooty Terns on the Dry Tortugas (Austin et al. 1970). The cause of the failure was not certain, but...W.B. Robertson, Jr., and G.B. Wolfenden. 1970. Mass Hatching Failure in Dry Tortugas Sooty Terns (Sterna fuscata). Proceedings of the XVth

Telecommunication Policy in the Caribbean: A Comparison of Telecommunications in the Dominican Republic and Haiti

Science.gov (United States)

2011-09-01

Mexico and South America. By 1625, French buccaneers had established a settlement on the island of Tortuga and survived by pirating English and Spanish...smaller islands in its territory; these are: Ile de la Gonave, Ile de la Tortue ( Tortuga Island), Grande Cayemite, and Ile de la Vache. The island

Unusual behaviour of an immature loggerhead turtle released in the Alboran Sea

OpenAIRE

Bellido, J. J.; Báez, J. C.; Castillo, J. J.; Martín, J. J.; Mons, J. L.; Real, R.

2010-01-01

Un individuo juvenil de tortuga boba con problemas de flotabilidad fue capturado en el Mar de Alborán (Mar Mediterráneo, sur de España). Fue liberado 14 meses después de su curación. Seis días después de la liberación, la tortuga fue vista nadando a 42 km del punto de liberación, con un comportamiento inusual. Por este motivo fue recapturada y liberada de nuevo, a 95 millas náuticas de la costa cerca de la Isla de Alborán. Diez días más tarde, la tortuga llegó a la playa, cerca de donde se la...

An Analysis of U.S. Navy Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Operations

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-01

orders to USS Tortuga (LSD 46) as the Chief Engineer. LT Cameron Ingram graduated from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy in Kings Point, NY, in...HSV USS BATAAN LHD USS IWO JIMA LHD H R R R USS SHREVEPORT LPD H R R R USS TORTUGA LSD H R R R USS WHIDBEY ISLAND LSD USS SCOUT MCM/MHC USS DEFENDER

Composición química del huevo de Tortuga Golfina Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae y su potencial como recurso alimenticio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Isabel Castro-González

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Por su potencial como fuente alimenticia, se analizó la composición química de huevo de Lepidochelys olivácea en La Escobilla, Oaxaca, México. El Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México proporcionó 250 muestras de huevo liofilizado de 25 tortugas, que se analizaron siguiendo métodos oficiales para humedad, cenizas, proteína, grasa, lípidos totales(LT y análisis microbiológicos; además de ácidos grasos(AG por cromatografía de gases, aminoácidos(AA, vitaminas y colesterol(col por HPLC. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: (g/100g humedad(4.7, cenizas(3.8, proteína(53.7 y grasa(47.4. AA esenciales (g aa/100g Proteína: Ile (4.4, Lys(6.6, Leu(7.4, Met+Cys (8.8, Phe+Tyr (10.8; retinol (340μg/100g, colecalciferol (5.9 μg/100g, tocoferol (8.6, tiamina (0.3 y riboflavina (1.1 (mg/100g. Y los de (LT, (AG y (Col se concentraron en tres grupos por peso de tortuga: (LT (44.3-48.7-49.1g/100g, (Col (518.4-522.5-728.7 mg/100g. Entonces se identificaron 17 AGSaturados, 8 AGMonoinsaturados y 11 AGPoliinsaturados. Los AGS más abundantes (mg/100g: C16:0 (485-1263, AGM: C16:1 (456-716, C18:1n-9c (904- 1754 y AGP: C20:4n-6 (105-217, EPA (48-103 y HA (97-189. También, existió diferencia significativa (Fisher, pChemical composition of eggs of the Olive Ridley Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae and it’s potential as a food source. The Olive Ridley is a worldwide distributed species with high nesting production per season, and in La Escobilla Oaxaca, México, there is a 70% of non-hatched eggs that are lost. In order to evaluate their potential use as a source for human and animal food products, their chemical composition was analyzed. Lyophilized egg samples from 25 turtles were obtained and were analyzed following the analytical methods for fatty acids, protein, fat, ash, moisture, amino acids, vitamins, cholesterol and microbiological agents. The analytical composition obtained

Efectividad del monitoreo de la anidación de tortugas marinas para determinar el éxito reproductivo en playas del sur de Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julia Azanza-Ricardo

2015-07-01

Full Text Available El monitoreo de las anidaciones es muy útil como herramienta para la conservación pero el esfuerzo de trabajo en diferentes áreas puede variar grandemente. En Cuba, se aplican cuatro enfoques diferentes: monitoreo sistemático nocturno y diurno (MSN, y monitoreo esporádico con o sin comprobación de nidos (MECC. La cantidad y exactitud de los datos tomados y la calidad de la información derivada de ellos difieren. Por esta razón, en el presente trabajo se evalúa la efectividad de cada enfoque para determinar el éxito reproductivo de tortugas marinas en Cuba. El MSN sólo se realiza en las playas de anidación de la Península de Guanahacabibes, mientras que el MECC es el más extendido en el país. La porción de la temporada de anidación de cada una de las tres especies que anidan en Cuba (Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta y Eretmochelys imbricata que se cubre con personal de monitoreo es baja para la mayoría de las playas, y sobre todo en el caso de E. imbricata. Se detectaron diferencias entre el monitoreo sistemático y esporádico, por tanto, la capacidad de detectar rastros falsos y verdaderos depende esencialmente de la frecuencia de monitoreo. Esto afecta la capacidad para evaluar el éxito de la anidación por playas. A pesar del incremento en los esfuerzos realizados en Cuba para el seguimiento de las principales colonias de anidación, se deben identificar nuevas estrategias para garantizar la correcta toma de información, y una mayor eficiencia del programa de monitoreo para obtener la mayor información posible de cada una de las especies con un adecuado balance de costo-beneficio.

Global Analysis of Anthropogenic Debris Ingestion by Sea Turtles

Science.gov (United States)

Schuyler, Qamar; Hardesty, Britta Denise; Wilcox, Chris; Townsend, Kathy

2014-01-01

Ingestion of marine debris can have lethal and sublethal effects on sea turtles and other wildlife. Although researchers have reported on ingestion of anthropogenic debris by marine turtles and implied incidences of debris ingestion have increased over time, there has not been a global synthesis of the phenomenon since 1985. Thus, we analyzed 37 studies published from 1985 to 2012 that report on data collected from before 1900 through 2011. Specifically, we investigated whether ingestion prevalence has changed over time, what types of debris are most commonly ingested, the geographic distribution of debris ingestion by marine turtles relative to global debris distribution, and which species and life-history stages are most likely to ingest debris. The probability of green (Chelonia mydas) and leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) ingesting debris increased significantly over time, and plastic was the most commonly ingested debris. Turtles in nearly all regions studied ingest debris, but the probability of ingestion was not related to modeled debris densities. Furthermore, smaller, oceanic-stage turtles were more likely to ingest debris than coastal foragers, whereas carnivorous species were less likely to ingest debris than herbivores or gelatinovores. Our results indicate oceanic leatherback turtles and green turtles are at the greatest risk of both lethal and sublethal effects from ingested marine debris. To reduce this risk, anthropogenic debris must be managed at a global level. Análisis Global de la Ingesta de Residuos Antropogénicos por Tortugas Marinas La ingesta de residuos marinos puede tener efectos letales y subletales sobre las tortugas marinas y otros animales. Aunque hay investigadores que han reportado la ingesta de residuos antropogénicos por tortugas marinas y la incidencia de la ingesta de residuos ha incrementado con el tiempo, no ha habido una síntesis global del fenómeno desde 1985. Por esto analizamos 37 estudios publicados, desde

Editorial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Hernández-Fernández

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Hace por lo menos dos billones de años que las formas primitivas de vida incorporaron el uso del oxígeno como aceptor final de electrones en la cadena respiratoria. El fenómeno de óxido-reducción permitió pasar de producir 2 ATP a partir de una mol de glucosa a entregarles a las células 36 ATP, proceso que cambió para siempre la habilidad para obtener la energía en la mayoría de los organismos vivos. Hoy en día, los órganos de la mayoría de mamíferos son altamente sensibles a las limitaciones de oxígeno; sin embargo, algunos vertebrados ectotérmicos están extraordinariamente adaptados a la tolerancia a este estrés. Tortugas de agua de los géneros Trachemys y Chrysemys utilizan la anaerobiosis como estrategia para vivir varios meses en condiciones de anoxia durante el invierno (Ultsch, 1989. Estas tortugas han sido juiciosamente estudiadas por la adaptación que les permite a sus órganos sobrevivir sin oxígeno (Krivoruchko y Storey, 2010. Sin embargo, los mecanismos moleculares relacionados con tolerancia a la anoxia en tortugas marinas no han sido caracterizados. Las tortugas dulceacuícolas Trachemys y Chrysemys han sido mundialmente utilizadas como modelos para identificar y entender los mecanismos moleculares de tolerancia a la anoxia y las bases moleculares de las lesiones producidas por la hipoxia/isquemia que ocurren en organismos sensibles al oxígeno, así como los problemas médicos, como el ataque cardíaco y accidente cerebrovascular, y la posible forma de evitarlos, así como enfermedades producidas por el estrés oxidativo, tales como parkinson o alzheimer (Buck, 2004. Además, podría conducir a la obtención de técnicas mejoradas para manipular y ayudar a preservar la viabilidad de órganos durante la cirugía, e incluso a mejorar la tecnología para su uso en hipotermia o crioconservación de tejidos y órganos, previo a trasplantación. Lutz, Prentice y Milton (2003 propusieron que las tortugas pueden ser

El museo deslumbrante - V

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Arbelaéz

1964-09-01

Full Text Available Pandelís Prevelakis tiene cierto aire de tortuga. De tortuga cretense si es que las hay en la isla. Es el más importante novelista de Grecia en la actualidad y uno de los más considerados en Europa. Amigos de París se habían encargado de relacionarnos, y entre él y yo había varias cartas de por medio. Me telefoneó y concertamos una entrevista para almorzar.

An Analysis of United States Naval Participation in Operation Tomodachi: Humanitarian and Disaster Relief in the Tsunami-Stricken Japanese Mainland

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O USNS TORTUGA LSD U U U X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O USNS BLUE RIDGE LCC U U U U U U U X...and the time needed to load relief supplies. The Essex Amphibious Ready Group’s remaining element, USS Tortuga (LSD 46), began assistance efforts

Registro de un ejemplar de Trachemys scripta elegans (Wied 1839) en la provincia de Jujuy, Argentina

OpenAIRE

Quiroga, María Fernanda; González Baffa Trasci, Noelia; Akmentins, Mauricio

2015-01-01

La tortuga de orejas rojas (Trachemys scripta elegans) es originaria del centro este de los Estados Unidos y noreste de México (Ernst, 1990), pero debido al comercio internacional de animales silvestres se ha convertido en un invasor biológico a nivel global. En Argentina, Trachemys scripta elegans ha sido reportada para dos localidades en la provincia de Buenos Aires y en ambos casos se trató del registro de individuos aislados, por lo que se desconoce si la tortuga de orejas rojas ha lograd...

Financing Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Response: The Case of the Tohoku Earthquake and Operation Tomodachi

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-16

Fred Dini, SC, USN, JSF Japan Comptroller, May 2011 Explosion at Unit 4 at Fukushima Daiichi Stand-off area set at 30km radius USS Tortuga offloads...X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O USNS TORTUGA LSD U U U X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O USNS BLUE RIDGE LCC U U U U U

Jouer du piano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fériel Kaddour

2011-04-01

Full Text Available La réflexion s’appuie dans un premier temps sur une opposition entre deux attitudes de pianistes  à l’égard du travail à l’instrument : Gould, qui revendique une séparation d’avec le clavier pour ne privilégier que la lecture; Arrau, dont la technique au contraire vise à « faire corps » avec son piano. L’étude de ces deux démarches d’interprètes conduit à une conclusion croisée : l’abstraction gouldienne n’est rien d’autre qu’un déplacement du jeu vers d’autres instruments (ceux qui servent à la prise de son et au montage de ses enregistrements ; le « faire-corps » hérité de la culture pianistique romantique est plus dialectique que fusionnel, et en cela implique une capacité de mise à distance. A partir de cette double conclusion, on tâche enfin de repenser la place du jeu à l’instrument dans la mise en œuvre d’une interprétation, en interrogeant le dialogue qui s’instaure entre la partition telle qu’elle s’écrit et le geste tel qu’il se joue.Our study leans on an opposition between two pianists' attitudes about their work with the instrument. Gould claims a necessary separation from the keyboard in order to prioritize reading. Arrau, on the contrary, relies on a technique which consists in “being one” with his piano. The analysis of these two interprets’ behaviours leads to a crossed conclusion: the gouldian abstraction is nothing else than a displacement of the playing towards another kind of instruments, the ones he uses in sound recording and cut up; Arrau’s “being one” is more dialectic than at first sight, and it therefore implies a real distancing from the piano. This constatation leads to rethink the place of the piano playing in the setting of an interpretation, and to highlight the real dialogue which develops itself between the score as it has been written and the gesture as it is played.

50 CFR Appendix B to Part 622 - Gulf Areas

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... north of Dry Tortugas 24°48.0′ 82°48.0′ 2North of Rebecca Shoal 25°07.5′ 82°34.0′ 3Off Sanibel Island...′ 26Northeast of Port Mansfield 27°00.0′ 96°39.0′ 27East of Port Mansfield 26°44.0′ 96°37.5′ 28Northeast of Port... Dry Tortugas 24°45.5′ 82°41.5′ 2North of Marquesas Keys 24°48.0′ 82°06.5′ 3Off Cape Sable 25°15.0′ 82...

Nuevos registros de nemátodes parásitos de animales de vida silvestre en el Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Tantaleán

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Se registran, por primera vez para el Perú, 4 especies de nemátodes: Dipetalonema graciliformis Freitas, 1964 parásito de Saguinus labiatus; Evaginuris branickii (McCiure, 1932 Quentín, 1973 de Dinomys branickii; Alaeuris caudatus (Lent & Freitas, 1948 de Iguana iguana y Serpinema amazonicus de Podocnemis expansa. También, se considera a Saguinus labiatus como un nuevo huésped para Dipetalonema graciliformis.

Animais silvestres utilizados como recurso alimentar em assentamentos rurais no município de Uruará, Pará, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reinaldo Lucas Cajaiba

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The consumption of hunting animals is of fundamental importance for human subsistence in different tropical areas. Knowing the chosen species, the techniques of capture and the quantity are fundamental aspects to understand how to use and the degree of threat of hunting on each wild species. In this perspective, the objective of this work was to record the wild animal species most commonly used as food resource in five rural settlements in the municipality of Uruará-PA, in addition to qualify the main techniques of capturing these species. The data collection was made through semi-structured interviews and participant observation. For the selection of the interviewees, we adopted the “snowball” method. As a result, we identified 38 species of animals consumed, most being mammals (42.1%, followed by birds (39.4% and reptiles (18.5%. The species most frequently mentioned were: Cuniculus paca (n=156, Euphractus sexcinctus (n=154 and Pecari tajacu (n=137. The most used technique was hunting with shotgun. Among the animals cited, Priodontes maximus, Tayassu pecari, Tapirus terrestris, Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Podocnemis unifilis, Tinamus tao, Crax fasciolata and Podocnemis unifilis are in the list of threatened species. The results point to the urgent need for educational programs to farmers regarding the unsustainable use of animals.

Preferencia de hospedadores de Culicidae (Diptera recolectados en el centro de la Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Almirón Walter R.

1995-01-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de estudiar la preferencia de hospedadores vertebrados por mosquitos hembras, durante 2 períodos octubre-abril (primavera-verano, se realizaron muestreos cada 15 días en Córdoba y Cosquín (Argentina. Se utilizaron trampas de latón con cebo animal: anfibios (sapos, aves (pollos, mamíferos (conejos y reptiles (tortugas. El 92,9% de los especímenes recolectados pertenecen al género Culex, mientras que un 7,0% corresponde a Aedes y el 0,02% restante a Psorophora ciliata, única especie que se capturó de ese género. En trampas con pollo se recolectó el mayor número de hembras (68,7%, siguiendo en orden las trampas con conejos (29,9%, con tortugas (0,8% y con sapos (0,5%, por lo tanto, la mayoría de los mosquitos entraron en las trampas con hospedadores homeotermos. Culex dolosus se alimentó sobre todos los cebos, mientras que Cx. acharistus, Cx. chidesteri y Cx. quinquefasciatus se alimentaron sobre pollos, conejos y tortugas; Ae. albifasciatus, Ae. scapularis, Cx. bidens y Cx. coronator lo hicieron sobre ambos hospedadores homeotermos; Cx. apicinus, Cx. maxi, Cx. saltanensis y Cx. spinosus se alimentaron solamente sobre pollos y Ps. ciliata sobre conejos.

MORPHOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF THE MESOAMERICAN SLIDER (Trachemys venusta, EMYDIDAE FROM THE ATRATO RIVER BASIN, COLOMBIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia P. Ceballos

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Las relaciones filogenéticas de la tortuga hicotea mesoamericana, Trachemys venusta, que habita la cuenca del río Atrato en Colombia ha sido controversial dado que tres subespecies diferentes han sido propuestas en los últimos 12 años: T. v. venusta, T. v. uhrigi, y T. ornate venusta. En este estudio se usó un grupo de tortugas hicoteas que fue decomisado por la autoridad ambiental para documentar su morfología y compararla con la reportada para la subespecie supuestamente distribuida en Colombia. Nosotros encontramos que la hicotea Mesoamericana colombiana es más pequeña, tiene una fórmula de las suturas de los escudos plastrales diferentes, y patrones de coloración de la cabeza, caparazón y plastrón diferentes. Adicionalmente, reportamos el pobre estado de salud de estos individuos que han soportado las condiciones de este mercado ilegal. Resaltamos la urgencia de realizar estudios de esta especie que incluyan especímenes nativos de Colombia para comprender mejor las relaciones filogenéticas de T. venusta en todo su rango de distribución, así como el realizar un control más efectivo del tráfico ilegal de tortugas en la región del Urabá colombiano.

ARSENIC, CADMIUM, CHROMIUM, LEAD, MERCURY, AND SELENIUM LEVELS IN BLOOD OF FOUR SPECIES OF TURTLES FROM THE AMAZON IN BRAZIL

OpenAIRE

Burger, Joanna; Jeitner, Christian; Schneider, Larissa; Vogt, Richard; Gochfeld, Michael

2010-01-01

Using blood as a method of assessing metal levels in turtles may be useful for populations that are threatened or endangered or are decreasing. In this study the levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and selenium (Se) in blood of four species of turtles from the tributaries of the Rio Negro in the Amazon of Brazil were examined. The turtles included the six-tubercled Amazon (river) turtle (Podocnemis sextuberculata), red-headed Amazon (river) turtle (Po...

NESTING ECOLOGY OF THE OLIVE RIDLEY SEA TURTLE (Lepidochelys olivacea (CHELONIIDAE AT EL VALLE BEACH, NORTHERN PACIFIC, COLOMBIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karla G. Barrientos-Muñoz

2014-09-01

Full Text Available En Colombia, la tortuga golfina (Lepidochelys olivacea es la más común de las tortugas anidantes. La playa El Valle es considerada la más importante para anidación en Suramérica. La intensa captura de hembras y saqueo de huevos para consumo y comercio local ha sido una práctica común por años. Realizamos un análisis de la ecología de anidación de la tortuga golfina en la Playa El Valle, Pacifico Norte, durante la temporada de 2008. Un total de 164 nidadas fueron transferidas a viveros de protección. El pico de anidación ocurrió durante la segunda quincena de agosto y septiembre con un 64,63 % de las posturas. A lo largo de la playa, el sector 3 presento la mayor frecuencia de anidación con 26 %. Los nidos fueron desovados principalmente en la zona 3, con 69 %. Encontramos 55 hembras y 46 fueron marcadas. El LCC fue (promedio± DE: 64,9 ± 2,4 cm y ACC fue (promedio ± DE: 68,6 ± 2,6 cm. Las hembras desovaron 87,3 ± 14,2 huevos por nidada. Registramos dos eventos de anidación por hembra, con un intervalo de (promedio ± DE: 18,8 ± 4,2 días. El producto reproductivo fue (promedio ± DE: 181,5 ± 34,8 huevos por hembra. El promedio en éxito de eclosión fue 81,1 ±12,1 % y de emergencia 77,6 ± 12,7 %. El período de incubación fue (promedio ± DE: 65 ± 4,7 días. Nuestros datos son una valiosa contribución al conocimiento de la ecología reproductiva de la población de tortugas golfina regional y globalmente.

Anidación y manejo de la tortuga golfina (Lepidochelys olivacea en la playa La Cuevita, Bahía Solano, Chocó, Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hinestroza, Lina María

2001-02-01

aspectos de la ecología reproductiva de esta colonia. De acuerdo con los resultados del programa de manejo, aunque el éxito reproductivo de los nidos es alto en comparación con otros reportes de tortugas marinas, las instalaciones del programa han producido aparentemente proporciones sexuales sesgadas, al menos en los dos años en que éstas han sido evaluadas.

Southeast Gulf of Mexico Sperm Whale Study

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Large vessel surveys were conducted during the summers of 2012 and 2014 in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico north of the Dry Tortugas. Data were collected on the...

February 2007 Multibeam Mapping of Pulley Ridge, southwest Florida

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This disk or set of disks contain high-resolution multibeam and backscatter maps of the Pulley Ridge Area, near the Tortugas, in the Gulf of Mexico. It includes the...

National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Assessment of fish communities in the Florida Reef Tract from 2014-05-01 to 2014-10-01 (NCEI Accession 0156445)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Divers conducted reef visual census (RVC) fish surveys and habitat assessments at 433 sites in the Florida Keys, 436 sites in the Dry Tortugas and 320 sites in the...

National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Coral Reef Fish collected in Fl Keys Reef Tract (2014)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Divers conducted reef visual census (RVC) fish surveys and habitat assessments at 433 sites in the Florida Keys, 436 sites in the Dry Tortugas and 320 sites in the...

November 2007 Multibeam Mapping of South West corner of Pulley Ridge

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This disk or set of disks contain high-resolution multibeam and backscatter maps of the south-western corner of the Pulley Ridge Area, near the Tortugas, in the Gulf...

Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium levels in blood of four species of turtles from the Amazon in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Burger, Joanna; Jeitner, Christian; Schneider, Larissa; Vogt, Richard; Gochfeld, Michael

2010-01-01

Using blood as a method of assessing metal levels in turtles may be useful for populations that are threatened or endangered or are decreasing. In this study the levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and selenium (Se) in blood of four species of turtles from the tributaries of the Rio Negro in the Amazon of Brazil were examined. The turtles included the six-tubercled Amazon (river) turtle (Podocnemis sextuberculata), red-headed Amazon (river) turtle (Podocnemis erythrocephala), big-headed Amazon (river) turtle (Peltocephalus dumerilianus), and matamata turtle (Chelus fimbriatus). Blood samples were taken from the vein in the left hind leg of each turtle. There were significant interspecific differences in the sizes of the turtles from the Rio Negro, and in concentrations of Pb, Hg, and Se; the smallest species (red-headed turtles) had the highest levels of Pb in their blood, while Se levels were highest in big-headed turtles and lowest in red-headed turtles. Hg in blood was highest in matamata, intermediate in big-headed, and lowest in the other two turtles. Even though females were significantly larger than males, there were no significant differences in metal levels as a function of gender, and the only relationship of metals to size was for Cd. Variations in metal levels among species suggest that blood may be a useful bioindicator. Metal levels were not high enough to pose a health risk to the turtles or to consumers, such as humans.

Los huevos falsos (SAGs facilitan el comportamiento social de emergencia en las crías de la tortuga laúd Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Patiño-Martinez

2010-09-01

Full Text Available La emergencia de las crías de tortuga laúd eclosionadas en los nidos profundos desde la arena hasta la superficie de la playa ocurre sin ayuda parental y es el primer gran desafío de supervivencia en su ciclo de vida. Este estudio, desarrollado en la costa Caribe colombiana, describe el comportamiento social de emergencia de neonatos y evalúa el efecto de la traslocación de los nidos en los patrones temporales de emergencia. Se propone por primera vez que el espacio liberado por la deshidratación de falsos huevos (SAGs en la nidada, representa una ventaja reproductiva al facilitar el agrupamiento de los neonatos en un espacio muy limitado y favorecer la sincronía de la emergencia. El tiempo medio registrado para la emergencia en grupo fue de 3.3 días, variando entre uno y seis días. La traslocación de los nidos no afectó el patrón temporal de emergencia que fue predominantemente nocturno (77.77% en nidos naturales y 81.65% en trasladados. Los picos máximos de emergencias a la superficie coincidieron con los periodos de menor temperatura ambiental exterior (22:00h-06:00h. La ventaja selectiva de este patrón temporal y de la emergencia sincrónica está probablemente relacionada con las mayores tasas de depredación y mortalidad por hipertermia observadas durante el día.False eggs (SAGs facilitate social post-hatching emergence behaviour in Leatherback turtles Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae nests. Hatchling emergence to the beach surface from deep sand nests occurs without parental care. Social behaviour among siblings is crucial to overcome this first challenge in sea turtles life. This study, carried out at the Caribbean coast of Colombia, describes the emergence social behaviour of hatchlings from eight nests, and assess the nests translocation effects on temporal patterns of emergence. For the first time, we propose that space released by dehydration of shelled albumen globes (SAGs at the top of the clutch

Flora bacteriana cloacal y nasal de Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae en el pacífico norte de Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Santoro

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar la flora normal aerobia, cloacal y nasal de la tortuga lora (Lepidochelys olivacea , entre los meses de julio y agosto del 2002,se colectaron muestras bacteriológicas de 45 quelonios aparentemente sanos,durante el desove en Playa Nancite,Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Costa Rica, a través del uso de hisopos estériles que se introdujeron en la cloaca y en uno de los conductos nasales. De las muestras recolectadas se obtuvieron e identificaron un total de 99 aislamientos, incluyendo 10 grupos de Gram-negativos y 5 de Gram-positivos. De cada tortuga se obtuvo un promedio de 0.7 bacterias de la cloaca y 1.4 de las cavidades nasales. Las bacterias más frecuente halladas fueron Aeromonas spp.(13/45 y Citrobacter freundi (6/45 en la cloaca, y Bacillus spp. (32/45,Staphylococcus aureus (6/45y Corynebacterium spp.(5/45en las cavidades nasales. En este investigación, la flora microbiana de las tortugas lora resultó constituida por microorganismos potencialmente patógenos para el ser humano y las tortugas.Cloacal and nasal bacterial flora of Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudines: Cheloniidae from the North Pacific coast of Costa Rica.The aerobic cloacal and nasal bacterial flora of 45 apparently healthy female olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea was studied at Nancite nesting beach,in Santa Rosa National Park (Costa Rican North Pacificduring July and August 2002.Bacterial samples were obtained by inserting sterile swabs directly into the cloaca and the nasal cavities of the turtles.Ninety-nine aerobic bacterial isolates, including 10 Gram-negative and 5 Gram-positive bacteria, were recovered.The most common bacteria cultured were Aeromonas spp. (13/45 and Citrobacter freundi (6/45from cloacal samples and Bacillus spp.(32/45, Staphylococcus aureus (6/45and Corynebacterium spp.(5/45from nasal ducts.The results of the present study showed that the aerobic bacterial flora of nesting female olive ridleys was composed of

Trace metal incorporation in otoliths of a territorial coral reef fish (Abudefduf saxatilis as an environmental monitoring tool

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Herrera-Reveles A. T.

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Trace metal levels in the otolith external layer of newly Abudefduf saxatilis (Pomacentridae recruits, a common fish of the Caribbean coral reef, were examined as an indicator of recently occupied habitat from the most important coral reefs of the east of Venezuela (Mochima National Park and La Tortuga Island. These otoliths were analyzed trough an Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS fixed to scanning electron microscopy (SEM. The five trace metals analyzed (Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn were found at external layer of most evaluated otoliths at all localities, in which %weight of Pb/Ca and Hg/Ca showed the highest values. These results show the bioavailability of evaluated metals at Mochima National Park and La Tortuga Island, and their significant spatial variations on otoliths make evidence of different concentration of Cd, Hg and Pb in water and/or sediments of these locations.

Redescription of Sertularia notabilis Fraser, 1947 (Sertulariidae, Hydrozoa)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Migotto, A.E.; Vervoort, W.

1998-01-01

An obscure species of the large leptolid genus Sertularia, S. notabilis Fraser, 1947, originally described from Tortuga Island, Venezuela, and not recorded since, is re-described and recorded from Brazilian coastal waters. This material is compared with Fraser’s type series; its relationship with

Global Analysis of the Shallow Geology of Large-Scale Ocean Slopes.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-05-01

R. Sparks, S. Carey , and T. Huang (1980). Volcanogenic Sedimentation in the Lesser Antilles Arc. Jour. Geol., v. 88, p. 523- 540. 105 Silver, E., J...Visual Observations of the Volcanic Micromorphology of Tortuga , Lorraine and Tutu Seamounts; and Petrology and Chemistry of Ridge and Seamount Features in

The Mid-Atlantic Engineers: A History of the Baltimore District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1774-1974

Science.gov (United States)

1976-08-01

varied, encom- passing tours of duty on the Savannah River, Georgia; Charleston harbor, South Carolina; Fort Jefferson, Tortugas , Florida; and Fort...7bLtr, Craighill to J. Carey Coale, Chmn, Committee on River and Harbor Approaches, Baltimore Bd of Trade, 21 Mar 1883. Rec Gp 77, entry 969, vo!. VI

Una tortuga Chelidae (Testudines: Pleurodira de cuello largo en el Grupo Neuquén, Río Negro, Argentina: Significado cronológico y paleobiogeográfico A long-necked Chelidae turtle (Testudines: Pleurodira from the Neuquén Group, Río Negro, Argentina: Chronological and paleobiogeographical significance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo S de la Fuente

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Diferentes restos de una tortuga Chelidae cuellilarga de la Formación Anacleto (Santoniano tardío-Campaniano temprano, aflorante en la localidad de Valle de la Luna Rojo, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina, son conferidos a la especie Yaminuechelys cf. gasparinii De la Fuente, De Lapparent de Broin y Manera de Bianco, 2001. Ellos representan el registro más antiguo para el género y los Chelidae de cuello largo. Se sugiere que el ancestro común de Yaminuechelys e Hydromedusa habitó en Gondwana meridional con anterioridad a la separación de Australia. La presencia de este taxón en el Cretácico Tardío en Patagonia y algunos de los resultados de los análisis filogenéticos previos apoyan la hipótesis sobre una temprana diferenciación y diversificación de los quélidos en dicha región de Gondwana.A long necked chelid turtle species from the Anacleto Formation (late Santonian-early Campanian cropping out at Valle de La Luna Rojo, Río Negro Province, Argentina, is assigned to Yaminuechelys cf. gasparinii De la Fuente, De Lapparent de Broin and Manera de Bianco, 2001 and it represents the oldest record of a long-necked chelid. We suggest that the common ancestor of Yaminuechelys and Hydromedusa lived in Southern Gondwana before the separation of Australia from the remaining Southern Gondwanan landmasses. The presence of this chelid taxon in the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia and some previous phylogenetic analyses support the hypothesis of an early differentiation and diversification of chelids on Southern Gondwana.

Calcification rates of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea and crustose coralline algae along the Florida Keys (USA) outer-reef tract

Science.gov (United States)

Kuffner, I.B.; Hickey, T.D.; Morrison, J.M.

2013-01-01

Coral reefs are degrading on a global scale, and rates of reef-organism calcification are predicted to decline due to ocean warming and acidification. Systematic measurements of calcification over space and time are necessary to detect change resulting from environmental stressors. We established a network of calcification monitoring stations at four managed reefs along the outer Florida Keys Reef Tract (FKRT) from Miami to the Dry Tortugas. Eighty colonies (in two sequential sets of 40) of the reef-building coral, Siderastrea siderea, were transplanted to fixed apparatus that allowed repetitive detachment for buoyant weighing every 6 months. Algal-recruitment tiles were also deployed during each weighing interval to measure net calcification of the crustose coralline algal (CCA) community. Coral-calcification rates were an order of magnitude greater than those of CCA. Rates of coral calcification were seasonal (summer calcification was 53% greater than winter), and corals in the Dry Tortugas calcified 48% faster than those at the other three sites. Linear extension rates were also highest in the Dry Tortugas, whereas percent area of the coral skeletons excavated by bioeroding fauna was lowest. The spatial patterns in net coral calcification revealed here correlate well with Holocene reef thickness along the FKRT and, in part, support the “inimical waters hypothesis” proposed by Ginsburg, Hudson, and Shinn almost 50 yrs ago to explain reef development in this region. Due to the homogeneity in coral-calcification rates among the three main Keys sites, we recommend refinement of this hypothesis and suggest that water-quality variables (e.g., carbonate mineral saturation state, dissolved and particulate organic matter, light attenuation) be monitored alongside calcification in future studies. Our results demonstrate that our calcification monitoring network presents a feasible and worthwhile approach to quantifying potential impacts of ocean acidification

Calcification rates of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea and crustose coralline algae along the Florida Keys (USA) outer-reef tract

Science.gov (United States)

Kuffner, I. B.; Hickey, T. D.; Morrison, J. M.

2013-12-01

Coral reefs are degrading on a global scale, and rates of reef-organism calcification are predicted to decline due to ocean warming and acidification. Systematic measurements of calcification over space and time are necessary to detect change resulting from environmental stressors. We established a network of calcification monitoring stations at four managed reefs along the outer Florida Keys Reef Tract (FKRT) from Miami to the Dry Tortugas. Eighty colonies (in two sequential sets of 40) of the reef-building coral, Siderastrea siderea, were transplanted to fixed apparatus that allowed repetitive detachment for buoyant weighing every 6 months. Algal-recruitment tiles were also deployed during each weighing interval to measure net calcification of the crustose coralline algal (CCA) community. Coral-calcification rates were an order of magnitude greater than those of CCA. Rates of coral calcification were seasonal (summer calcification was 53 % greater than winter), and corals in the Dry Tortugas calcified 48 % faster than those at the other three sites. Linear extension rates were also highest in the Dry Tortugas, whereas percent area of the coral skeletons excavated by bioeroding fauna was lowest. The spatial patterns in net coral calcification revealed here correlate well with Holocene reef thickness along the FKRT and, in part, support the "inimical waters hypothesis" proposed by Ginsburg, Hudson, and Shinn almost 50 yrs ago to explain reef development in this region. Due to the homogeneity in coral-calcification rates among the three main Keys sites, we recommend refinement of this hypothesis and suggest that water-quality variables (e.g., carbonate mineral saturation state, dissolved and particulate organic matter, light attenuation) be monitored alongside calcification in future studies. Our results demonstrate that our calcification monitoring network presents a feasible and worthwhile approach to quantifying potential impacts of ocean acidification, warming

Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad Observaciones sobre el crecimiento de tortugas marinas en cautividad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kaufmann Reinhard

1975-09-01

Full Text Available Se describe el crecimiento, en los primeros dos años de vida, de las especies Caretta caretta, Eretmochelys imbricata y Chelonia mydas. Ciertos parámetros se comparan  con los de hembras adultas, anidando en Colombia y otras regiones, Caretta y Eretmochelys aumentaron 9 veces el largo del caparazón, alcanzando aprox. 40 cm. Un cociente de 1,3 entre largo y ancho del caparzón parece típico para los tres géneros. El crecimientoes mucho más rápido en aguas tropicales que en aguas subtropicales, La variacion individual del tamaño y peso es bastante grande.Growth rates of the first two years are given for Caretta, Eretmochelys and Chelonia, maintained in captivity. Some parameters in juveniles are compared with those of adult populations in Colombia and other nesting areas. Caretta and Eretmochelys increased carapax length 9 times, reaching about 40 cm. The ratio of carapax length versus width of 1.3 seems tobe tipical in juveniles and adults of the three observed genera. There are considerable individual variations of size and weight.

[Artículo Retractado/Retracted Article]:BYCATCH OF HELICOPS ANGULATUS (LINNAEUS 1758 (REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE IN HOOP-TRAPS USED TO CAPTURE FRESH WATER TURTLES ON THE COAST OF PARÁ, BRAZIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emil José Hernández Ruz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Between September, 2007, and August, 2009, six field excursions were conducted on the northern Brazilian coast (Romana and Maiandeua islands, state of Pará for the collection of specimens of freshwater turtles (Rhinoclemmys punctularia and Kinosternon scorpioides in natural ponds. Hoop-nets were used and 35 specimens of brown-banded water snakes, Helicops angulatus, were captured as bycatch in the traps. Thus, in addition to turtles, the procedure may be useful for the sampling populations of aquatic snakes. RESUMEN Entre septiembre de 2007 y agosto de 2009, seis excursiones de campo se llevaron a cabo en la costa norte de Brasil (islas Romana y Maiandeua, estado de Pará para la recolección de especímenes de tortugas de agua dulce (Rhinoclemmys punctularia y Kinosternon scorpioides en posos naturales. Utilizamos trampas en embudo. 35 ejemplares de la serpiente acuática Helicops angulatus, fueron capturados como pesca incidental en las trampas. Por lo tanto, además de las tortugas, el procedimiento puede ser útil para la toma de muestras de las poblaciones de serpientes acuáticas.

Temporal Variation in Demography of the Chocoan River Turtle, Rhinoclemmys nasuta (Geoemydidae, on Isla Palma, Malaga Bay, Pacific Coast of Valle del Cauca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Fernando Gárces Restrepo

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Pocos estudios demográficos de larga duración han sido realizados en tortugas dulceacuícolas de Suramérica, pese a la necesidad de este tipo de investigación para esclarecer las variaciones naturales y fortalecer procesos de conservación en este grupo particular. En esta investigación se estudió la variación en la demografía de una población de la tortuga de río chocoana (Rhinoclemmys nasuta, a partir de información registrada en una localidad insular del Pacífico colombiano entre 2005 y 2012. En esta localidad se capturaron manualmente tortugas en cinco riachuelos con un área total de 0,4 ha. Se calculó el tamaño poblacional con el método Jolly-Seber en cuatro periodos (2005–06, 2007, 2011 y 2012, y se comparó la estructura poblacional. Se estimó la probabilidad de supervivencia y la probabilidad de captura para machos, hembras y juveniles utilizando el modelo Cormack-Jolly-Seber, y la tasa de crecimiento poblacional con el modelo POPAN. Se evidenciaron aumentos y disminuciones en el tamaño de la población. Se evidenció un aumento significativo del porcentaje de juveniles que hacen parte de la población durante el periodo de estudio. En todos los periodos las hembras dominaron la estructura de sexos de la población. Las variaciones temporales en el tamaño poblacional pueden deberse a cambios naturales en el hábitat o a efectos denso-dependientes. Sin embargo, también pueden corresponder a fluctuaciones normales en los parámetros poblacionales, por lo tanto monitoreos continuos donde se puedan correlacionar factores ambientales y físicos del hábitat podrían permitirnos elucidar a que se deben estas variaciones.

Acoustic Signal Characteristics Measured with the LAMBDA III During CHURCH STROKE III

Science.gov (United States)

1980-09-15

analysis. Dr. William M. Carey and Dr. Richard Doolittle participated in various stages of acquisition, processing and analysis of the information...reported herein. Drs. Carey , Doolittle and Mr. Gereben are the authors of this report. (U) This report: Acoustic Signal Characteristics Measured with... Tortugas Terrace and the East Yucatan Channel,the Catoche Tongue and the Eastern region of the Gulf of Mexico. (U) The exercise was conducted by the Long

Comparative analysis of the reproductive strategy of lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus in Baja California Sur, Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco A Angel-Dapa

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The reproductive strategy of lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus was evaluated in a culturing system in Bahía Tortugas, Baja California Sur, Mexico during an annual cycle, comparing its response with data previously reported at other localities. High frequencies of ripe gonads throughout the year indicate that reproduction was continuous, with two main ripening/spawning events: July-September and December-March. A continuous breeding is also reported for the species in Bahía Magdalena, Bahía Juncalito, and Bahía de Los Angeles. These eutrophic areas are Biological Active Centers where gametogenesis appears to be regulated by the energy taken from recently ingested food following an opportunistic strategy. However, the digestive gland index decreased and the muscle indices increased during one of the breeding peaks, suggesting that some stored reserves are also used to sustain gametogenesis (conservative strategy partially. High incidences of atretic oocytes are likely associated with atypical daily variations in water temperature from May through September (12 to 33°C, or with stressful conditions in the culturing system in summer. Despite this, the culturing system set in Bahía Tortugas appears beneficial for a continuous reproduction of N. subnodosus.

Ecología reproductiva y cacería de la tortuga Trachemys scripta (Testudinata: Emydidae, en el área de la Depresión Momposina, norte de Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcela Bernal Múnera

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Se estudió la ecología reproductiva de la tortuga icotea, Trachemys scripta callirostris, durante la estación reproductiva del 2000, en una localidad de la Depresión Momposina, al norte de Colombia. Se examinó el número de nidos en áreas con características diferentes, el éxito de eclosión y las causas de mortalidad natural de los huevos. Se determinó el efecto de la explotación sobre las poblaciones de hembras anidantes en dos localidades con diferentes tasas de cacería. Los resultados mostraron que la mayor cantidad de nidos se encontraron entre los primeros 20 m, a partir de la orilla de los cuerpos de agua, en sitios con sustratos de humedad moderada y textura limoso-arenosa, cubiertos con vegetación rastrera. Los invertebrados produjeron la mayor mortalidad en las nidadas. El éxito de eclosión de la población estudiada fue mayor en comparación con otros informes de la misma especie. En el sitio que presenta mayor presión de caza se encontró una correlación negativa entre la tasa de cacería y los días transcurridos desde el inicio de la temporada de anidación, lo que probablemente se deba a que la extracción excesiva disminuye la cantidad de hembras anidantes hacia el fin de la temporada. Las hembras del sitio con mayor explotación, presentaron una talla significativamente menor con relación a las del sitio con menor caza. Las hembras, neonatos y nidadas de toda la zona, mostraron menor tamaño que las de otras poblaciones tropicales del mismo género. La prolongada presión de caza en el norte de Colombia parece ser un factor de alteración de la estructura y la dinámica poblacional de T. scripta callirostrisWe studied the reproductive ecology of the slider turtle, Trachemys scripta callirostris, during the reproductive season of the year 2000, in an area of the Mompós Depression, northern Colombia. We examined the number of nests ovoposited in locations with different characteristics, their hatching success

The Role of Physical-Chemical Factors in Structuring Subtidal Marine and Estuarine Benthos.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-06-01

eastern shores of the Americas, typically from Miami, Florida, south- west to the Dry Tortugas ; the Caribbean Island, including Puerto Rico and the...in high-energy shallow shelf areas has also been documented for much of the temperate open coast of western North America ( Carey 1965, 1972; Lie 1969...Hart and S. U. H. Fuller, eds., Academic Press, New York, pp. 293-323. Carey , A. G., Jr. 1965. "Preliminary Studies of Animal-Sediment

¿Cómo se concibe la aventura?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alicia Fajardo M.

1989-01-01

Full Text Available La tortuga desdentada. Alfonso Lobo Amaya. Edilux, Medellín, 1988, 16 págs. (Ilustraciones de Pilar Pabón Z .. El maravilloso viaje de Rosendo Bucurú. Celso Román. Carlos Valencia Editores, Bogotá, 96 págs. (Ilustraciones de Diana Castellanos. Una a ventura en el papel. Roberto Rubiano Vargas. Carlos Valencia. Editores, Bogotá, 1988, 104 págs. (Ilustraciones de Diana Castellanos

36 CFR 7.27 - Dry Tortugas National Park.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) Taking, possessing, removing, damaging, touching, handling, harvesting, disturbing, standing on, or... vessel to strike, injure, or damage coral, seagrass, or any other immobile organism attached to the... to be cast, dragged, or placed so as to strike, break, abrade, or otherwise cause damage to coral...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 2000 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 1992 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

Sobre "La tortuga" de Andrés Holguin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Puben

1961-04-01

Full Text Available Andrés Holguín no es el primero y, ciertamente, no será el último escritor contemporáneo que, interesado por el problema de los animales que han logrado dimensión fantástica, se proponga, con interés intelectual, analizar e investigar la dimensión e importancia de un animal en la historia de la cultura.

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 1993 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 1998 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

SEAKEYS-Dry Tortugas 1999 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 1997 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 1995 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 2002 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

Potential benefits and shortcomings of marine protected areas for small seabirds revealed using miniature tags

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara M Maxwell

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Marine protected areas are considered important tools for protecting marine biodiversity, and animal tracking is a key way to determine if boundaries are effectively placed for protection of key marine species, including seabirds. We tracked chick-rearing brown noddies (Anous stolidus from the Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida USA in 2016 using 1.8 g Nanofix GPS tags (n = 10, making this the first time this species has ever been tracked. We determined movement parameters, such as flight speed, distance traveled and home range, and how birds used a complex of marine protected areas including the Dry Tortugas National Park which is largely no-take (i.e., no fishing or extraction permitted, and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, of which two Ecological Reserves totaling 517.9 km2 are no-take. Birds remained largely within marine protected areas, with 91.3% of birds’ locations and 58.8% of the birds’ total home range occurring within the MPAs, and 79.2% of birds’ locations and 18.2% of the birds’ total home range within no-take areas. However areas of probable foraging, indicated by locations where birds had high-residence time, were found within one of the MPAs only 64.7% of the time, and only 6.7% of those locations were in no-take areas. Birds traveled a mean straight line distance from the colony of 37.5 km, primarily using the region to the southwest of the colony where the shelf break and Loop Current occur. High-residence-time locations were found in areas of significantly higher sea surface temperature and closer to the shelf break than low residency locations. A sea surface temperature front occurs near the shelf edge, likely indicative of where Sargassum seaweed is entrained, providing habitat for forage species. Much of this region, however, falls outside the boundaries of the marine protected areas, and brown noddies and other species breeding in the Dry Tortugas may interact with fisheries via resource competition

International Symposium on Tick-Borne Arboviruses (Excluding Group B)

Science.gov (United States)

1963-01-01

observed relationships on which these groups, are based vary in degree. In the Ganjam , Kaisodi and Uukuniemi groups, for example, the members are distantly...estimated diameters as follows: Chen- uda and Kemerovo, about 60 to 80 mp; Bhanja, CTF, Ganjam , Hughes, Kaisodi, Mutucare, Quaranfil, Silverwater...Cal Ar 883 Ganjam IG 619 Qalyub Eg Ar 370 Grand Arbaud Argas 27 Quaranfil Eg Ar 1095 Hazara JC 280 Sawgrass TA 14-64A-1247 Hughes Dry Tortugas Seletar

Results of monitoring of hawksbill turtle (E. imbricate) capture two trade sites: Cocodrilo (Isla de la Juventud) and Nuevitas, Cuba

OpenAIRE

Moncada, F.; Medina, Y.; Nodarse, G.

2011-01-01

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos para la tortuga carey (Eretmochelys imbricata) en la plataforma cubana, a partir de los monitoreos en los dos sitios de captura comercial: Cocodrilo (Isla de la Juventud) y Nuevitas; entre 1995 y 2006. Se analizan algunos indicadores poblacionales como el comportamiento de la composición por talla, la talla media anual y la proporción sexual de los careyes capturados, así como el comportamiento de la captura comercial anual en los dos sitios. ...

Reference hematological values in Argentinian terrestrial turtle (Chelonoidis chilensis chilensis)

OpenAIRE

Troiano, Juan Carlos; Silva, M. C.

1998-01-01

Se tomaron muestras sanguíneas de 150 ejemplares sanos de tortuga terrestre argentina (Chelonoidis chilensis chilensis) por medio de punción de la vena coccígea superior. Las determinaciones que se realizaron incluyeron recuentos de glóbulos rojos, leucocitos y trombocitos, hematocrito, concentración de hemoglobina, índices hematimétricos y fórmulas leucocitarias relativas, las que se compararon con otras especies de Testudinidae. No se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en lo...

Some ecological aspects and potential threats to an intertidal gastropod, Umbonium vestiarium

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Sivadas, S.; Ingole, B.S.; Sen, A.

geographic range. Several trochid species such as, Umbonium costatum from Japan (Noda et al., 1995) and Astrea undosa from Mexico (Belmar- Perez et al., 1993) spawn twice a year. Incomplete spawning for a number of gastropods has been reported (Ramesh et al... and reproductive cycle of wavy turban snail (Astrea undosa Wood, 1828; Gastropoda: Turbinidae) in Bahai Tortugas, BCS. Anales del Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnologia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 18, 169–87 (1993). Berry, A.J. and Bin O. Zamri...

Los cocodrilos de la Cuenca del Duero

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Fuentes, Emiliano; Martín de Jesús, Santiago; Mulas Alonso, Eugenia

1987-01-01

[ES]La sala de las tortugas de la Universidad de Salamanca, abre provisionalmente sus puertas con motivo del II Congreso Nacional de Herpetología, posee también una interesante muestra de cocodrilos fósiles, que suelen acompañar a los quelonios en casi todos los yacimientos del Terciario Inferior de la Cuenca del Duero. [EN]The turtle room at the University of Salamanca, opens its doors temporarily to mark the Second National Congress of Herpetology, also has an interesting collection of f...

Pascua Yaqui Tribe Renewable Energy Development and Deployment Feasibility Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arvayo, Maria

2014-05-30

In 2012, PYT was awarded a grant from the Department of Energy Tribal Energy Program to conduct a Renewable Energy Development and Deployment Feasibility Study that would define the technical and economic viability of renewable energy on tribal lands. Red Mountain Energy Partners (RMEP) was hired by PYT to complete the study. Through this study, Red Mountain concluded that there are viable opportunities for solar at Tortuga Ranch, the Casino del Sol and a third site near the Justice Center on Camino de Oeste.

Baseline ambient sound levels in Dry Tortugas National Park

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-01

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the National Park Service (NPS), with the assistance of the U.S. Department of Transportation, John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) are developing Air Tour Management Plans ...

Registro fósil precuaternario de tetrápodos en los Pirineos occidentales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Berreteaga

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio de los niveles fosilíferos continentales y marinos del Cretácico Superior y del Terciario de la Región Vasco-Cantabrica (Sinclinorio Subcantábrico y cuencas surpirenaicas adyacentes (Cuenca de Pamplona, Sector Noroccidental de la Depresión del Ebro ha puesto de manifiesto su potencial paleontológico en restos fósiles de vertebrados. Algunos de estos yacimientos son de gran relevancia en el Cretácico final de Europa, incluyendo nuevas especies de tortugas, escamosos, cocodrilos, dinosaurios y mamíferos. En la misma cantera del yacimiento alavés de Zambrana, compuesta principalmente por reptiles y mamíferos, es de gran interés paleontológico y contribuye a un mejor conocimiento de las faunas del Eoceno superior de la Península Ibérica. En Zambrana se ha reconocido hasta la fecha varias nuevas especies de perisodáctilos ecuoideos. En el Neogeno, se han descubierto nuevas localidades del Mioceno (Rambliense, Aragoniense en las Bardenas Reales de Navarra y otras áreas colindantes de la Cuenca del Ebro, que han proporcionado restos de anfibios, escamosos, tortugas, cocodrilos, aves y varios grupos de mamíferos. Por otro lado, una notable variedad de icnofacies de aves y mamíferos ha sido hallada en diferentes afloramientos de los potentes depósitos marinos litorales (Eoceno superior y continentales (Oligoceno-Mioceno inferior de la Alta Navarra.

Community involvement works where enforcement fails: conservation success through community-based management of Amazon river turtle nests

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Darren Norris

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Law enforcement is widely regarded as a cornerstone to effective natural resource management. Practical guidelines for the optimal use of enforcement measures are lacking particularly in areas protected under sustainable and/or mixed use management regimes and where legal institution are weak. Focusing on the yellow-spotted river turtles (Podocnemis unifilis along 33 km of river that runs between two sustainable–use reserves in the Brazilian Amazon as an illustrative example, we show that two years of patrols to enforce lawful protection regulations had no effect on nest harvesting. In contrast, during one year when community-based management approaches were enacted harvest levels dropped nearly threefold to a rate (26% that is likely sufficient for river turtle population recovery. Our findings support previous studies that show how community participation, if appropriately implemented, can facilitate effective natural resource management where law enforcement is limited or ineffective.

Facilitation in Caribbean coral reefs: high densities of staghorn coral foster greater coral condition and reef fish composition.

Science.gov (United States)

Huntington, Brittany E; Miller, Margaret W; Pausch, Rachel; Richter, Lee

2017-05-01

Recovery of the threatened staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis) is posited to play a key role in Caribbean reef resilience. At four Caribbean locations (including one restored and three extant populations), we quantified characteristics of contemporary staghorn coral across increasing conspecific densities, and investigated a hypothesis of facilitation between staghorn coral and reef fishes. High staghorn densities in the Dry Tortugas exhibited significantly less partial mortality, higher branch growth, and supported greater fish abundances compared to lower densities within the same population. In contrast, partial mortality, branch growth, and fish community composition did not vary with staghorn density at the three other study locations where staghorn densities were lower overall. This suggests that density-dependent effects between the coral and fish community may only manifest at high staghorn densities. We then evaluated one facilitative mechanism for such density-dependence, whereby abundant fishes sheltering in dense staghorn aggregations deliver nutrients back to the coral, fueling faster coral growth, thereby creating more fish habitat. Indeed, dense staghorn aggregations within the Dry Tortugas exhibited significantly higher growth rates, tissue nitrogen, and zooxanthellae densities than sparse aggregations. Similarly, higher tissue nitrogen was induced in a macroalgae bioassay outplanted into the same dense and sparse aggregations, confirming greater bioavailability of nutrients at high staghorn densities. Our findings inform staghorn restoration efforts, suggesting that the most effective targets may be higher coral densities than previously thought. These coral-dense aggregations may reap the benefits of positive facilitation between the staghorn and fish community, favoring the growth and survivorship of this threatened species.

Hidrodinámica aplicada a la gestión y la conservación de ecosistemas marinos y costeros: Isla Gorgona, Océano Pacífico Colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés F. Osorio A.

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Playa Palmeras (En el Parque Nacional Isla Gorgona es uno de los sitios más importantes para la anidación de tortugas marinas en América del Sur y Centroamérica. Debido a procesos morfológicos que afectan la playa, los nidos de las tortugas se han visto cada vez más expuestos al impacto del oleaje y la marea, poniendo en riesgo la conservación de éstas especies. Se llevó a cabo un estudio para conocer los procesos hidrodinámicos de la zona costera en Playa Palmeras, de los cuales depende el comportamiento morfodinámico de la playa y la preservación de los nidos. Se usó modelación numérica y mediciones en campo para conocer la variabilidad espacio-temporal del oleaje y obtener los patrones generales de circulación y la estructura termohalina de la zona. Se encontró un marcado ciclo anual, tanto en el oleaje como en las corrientes, influenciado por la Zona de Convergencia Intertropical (ZCIT y una variabilidad interanual del oleaje, asociada a El Niño Oscilación del Sur (ENSO. Se estimó la cota de inundación de la playa y se crearon mapas de probabilidad de inundación, identificando los sitios potencialmente más seguros para la anidación. Los resultados muestran que hacia el norte de la playa está la zona de menor riesgo.

Crucero de evaluación del recurso merluza y otros dermesales BIC José Olaya Balandra 9806-07 de Puerto Pizarro a Huarmey

OpenAIRE

Zeballos Flor, Jorge; Samamé, Manuel; Romero, Miguel

1998-01-01

Presenta la composición especiólogica por lance de pesca realizado durante el Crucero BIC José Olaya Balandra 9806-07, del 27 de junio al 13 de julio de 1998. El análisis se realizó identificando los grupos taxonómicos y los pesos por especies. En total se registraron 126 especies: 96 peces, 19 crustáceos, 3 moluscos, 6 equinodermos, un cnidario y una "tortuga loro" Lepidochelys olivacea como pesca accidental. La captura total en el área estudiada fue de 24.192,86 kg, de los cuales 24.0...

La transculturación poética en la obra vanguardista de César Moro y Carlos Oquendo de Amat

OpenAIRE

Valbuena Montoya, Jorge Eliécer

2014-01-01

El presente trabajo se enmarca en el estudio de la poesía peruana de vanguardia y el proceso de transculturación generado desde las vanguardias europeas en la primera mitad del siglo XX, especialmente el surrealismo. A través del análisis de las obras 5 metros de poemas de Carlos Oquendo de Amat y La tortuga ecuestre de César Moro, se hace un recorrido por las condiciones estéticas que evidencian estos libros, así como su relación con el advenimiento de la modernidad y las repe...

Population Study of the Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata (Cheloniidae in the Southern Pacific region of Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexander Tobón-López

2014-09-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer aspectos poblacionales, biológicos y ecológicos de las tortugas carey (Eretmochelys imbricata presentes en el Pacífico sur de Colombia (Departamento del Cauca, para esto se tomó información de morfometría, se revisó el estado de salud de los individuos y se tomaron muestras de sangre para valoración de química sanguínea. Durante siete meses de muestreo se capturaron 25 tortugas carey (16 individuos diferentes en los arrecifes del Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, con un porcentaje de recaptura del 46 %. Aunque no se notaron problemas evidentes de salud, la mayoría de animales presentaron gran parte del caparazón cubierto de algas filamentosas y algunos epibiontes sobre el plastrón y el caparazón. La Longitud Curva Caparazón (LCC mostró una mayor proporción de individuos con tallas entre 37 y 45 cm de longitud (prom. 42,3 cm; min. 37,5 cm; max. 58 cm. Por medio de la prueba de Mann Whitney U, se comparó la LCC de los 16 individuos diferentes capturados en el PNN Gorgona, con 11 individuos capturados en la zona del litoral del Departamento del Cauca, encontrándose diferencias significativas entre estos dos grupos, donde los animales presentes en el PNN Gorgona fueron de mayor talla que los presentes en el continente (Z = -2,59; p = 0,007. Los valores de ácido úrico se encontraron por encima de los valores de referencia.

Geographic differences in vertical connectivity in the Caribbean coral Montastraea cavernosa despite high levels of horizontal connectivity at shallow depths.

Science.gov (United States)

Serrano, X; Baums, I B; O'Reilly, K; Smith, T B; Jones, R J; Shearer, T L; Nunes, F L D; Baker, A C

2014-09-01

The deep reef refugia hypothesis proposes that deep reefs can act as local recruitment sources for shallow reefs following disturbance. To test this hypothesis, nine polymorphic DNA microsatellite loci were developed and used to assess vertical connectivity in 583 coral colonies of the Caribbean depth-generalist coral Montastraea cavernosa. Samples were collected from three depth zones (≤10, 15-20 and ≥25 m) at sites in Florida (within the Upper Keys, Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas), Bermuda, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Migration rates were estimated to determine the probability of coral larval migration from shallow to deep and from deep to shallow. Finally, algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity and distribution were assessed in a subset of corals to test whether symbiont depth zonation might indicate limited vertical connectivity. Overall, analyses revealed significant genetic differentiation by depth in Florida, but not in Bermuda or the U.S. Virgin Islands, despite high levels of horizontal connectivity between these geographic locations at shallow depths. Within Florida, greater vertical connectivity was observed in the Dry Tortugas compared to the Lower or Upper Keys. However, at all sites, and regardless of the extent of vertical connectivity, migration occurred asymmetrically, with greater likelihood of migration from shallow to intermediate/deep habitats. Finally, most colonies hosted a single Symbiodinium type (C3), ruling out symbiont depth zonation of the dominant symbiont type as a structuring factor. Together, these findings suggest that the potential for shallow reefs to recover from deep-water refugia in M. cavernosa is location-specific, varying among and within geographic locations likely as a consequence of local hydrology. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 2003 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations (NODC Accession 0058097)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

H02524: NOS Hydrographic Survey , Dry Tortugas, Florida, 1901-05-24

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the statutory mandate to collect hydrographic data in support of nautical chart compilation for safe...

SEAKEYS - Dry Tortugas 2004 Meteorological and Oceanographic Observations (NODC Accession 0058098)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Florida Institute of Oceanography's (FIO) SEAKEYS (Sustained Ecological Research Related to Management of the Florida Keys Seascape) program began in 1989 and...

El mundo del libro: marzo de 1961

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustín Rodríguez Garavito

1961-03-01

Full Text Available El documento presenta las reseñas de los siguientes titulos: Capitalización y empleo. Por Enrique Caballero Escobar. Lázaro, Don Juan y Segismundo. Por José Bergamín. La Tortuga Símbolo del filósofo. Por Andrés Holguín. Camilo Torres. Por Manuel José Forero. Editorial Kelly, Bogotá  Reseña Histórica de la Higiene en Colombia. Por el Profesor Jorge Bejarano. Viento del trópico. Cuentos - Por José Francisco Socarrás. Mientras crecen los caminos. Poemas - Por José Vicente Cristancho. Cincuenta años de filosofía en la Argentina. Por Luis Farré.

La articulación del lenguaje surrealista de César Moro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Ramos

2015-07-01

Full Text Available César Moro’s work represents the main achievement of surrealism in Latin American Literature. His poetic strategy is best defined in La tortuga ecuestre, where he reaches the maximum width of his artistic attainment. His style is characterized by a variant of automatism, which is supported by plenty of nominal phrases, repetitions, anaphors, etc., from where the poem’s rhythm is derived. Moro’s surrealist discourse proposes the destruction of previous orders of perception and experience. The lover’s discourse is established through the tension between the persistence of desire, and the presence and absence of the beloved. It is constantly broken down, thus recreating the world, its Nature and its sense.

Illegal trade of tortoises (Testudinata) in Colombia: A network analysis approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arroyave Bermudez, Felber Jair; Romero Goyeneche, Oscar Yandy; Bonilla Gomez, Maria Argenis; Hurtado Heredia, Rafael German

2014-01-01

The use of wildlife is important for supporting the economic and demographic growth in emerging countries. Nevertheless, the products of wildlife usually come from illegal trade to supply fur, wild meat and pet markets. Illegal trade puts great pressure over wild populations and threats some endangered species. In Colombia, the trade of wildlife is important because of the volumes traded and the cultural and economic connotation of some products. We describe the spatial structure of illegal trade of wildlife at departmental level for the five most traded genera of Colombian tortoises (Trachemys, Chelonoidis, Kinosternon, Podocnemis and Rhinoclemmys). This study is based on the reports of seizures between 2005 and 2009 compiled by the Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo of Colombia. We apply network analysis to study and evidence that the illegal trade network of tortoises includes international markets and supplies the Andean region. The Caribbean, Pacific and Orinoquia regions are the principal suppliers. Quindio, Santander, Antioquia and Putumayo are the biggest jobbers and consumers of wild tortoises. We propose sociocultural and cohercitive actions to fragment the trade network and their illegal market as well as promoting the conservation and sustainable use of tortoises.

Beyond harm's reach? Submersion of river turtle nesting areas and implications for restoration actions after Amazon hydropower development.

Science.gov (United States)

Norris, Darren; Michalski, Fernanda; Gibbs, James P

2018-01-01

The global expansion of energy demands combined with abundant rainfall, large water volumes and high flow in tropical rivers have led to an unprecedented expansion of dam constructions in the Amazon. This expansion generates an urgent need for refined approaches to river management; specifically a move away from decision-making governed by overly generalized guidelines. For the first time we quantify direct impacts of hydropower reservoir establishment on an Amazon fresh water turtle. We conducted surveys along 150 km of rivers upstream of a new dam construction during the low water months that correspond to the nesting season of Podocnemis unifilis in the study area. Comparison of nest-areas before (2011, 2015) and after (2016) reservoir filling show that reservoir impacts extend 13% beyond legally defined limits. The submerged nesting areas accounted for a total of 3.8 ha of nesting habitat that was inundated as a direct result of the reservoir filling in 2016. Our findings highlight limitations in the development and implementation of existing Brazilian environmental impact assessment process. We also propose potential ways to mitigate the negative impacts of dams on freshwater turtles and the Amazonian freshwater ecosystems they inhabit.

Beyond harm’s reach? Submersion of river turtle nesting areas and implications for restoration actions after Amazon hydropower development

Science.gov (United States)

Michalski, Fernanda; Gibbs, James P.

2018-01-01

The global expansion of energy demands combined with abundant rainfall, large water volumes and high flow in tropical rivers have led to an unprecedented expansion of dam constructions in the Amazon. This expansion generates an urgent need for refined approaches to river management; specifically a move away from decision-making governed by overly generalized guidelines. For the first time we quantify direct impacts of hydropower reservoir establishment on an Amazon fresh water turtle. We conducted surveys along 150 km of rivers upstream of a new dam construction during the low water months that correspond to the nesting season of Podocnemis unifilis in the study area. Comparison of nest-areas before (2011, 2015) and after (2016) reservoir filling show that reservoir impacts extend 13% beyond legally defined limits. The submerged nesting areas accounted for a total of 3.8 ha of nesting habitat that was inundated as a direct result of the reservoir filling in 2016. Our findings highlight limitations in the development and implementation of existing Brazilian environmental impact assessment process. We also propose potential ways to mitigate the negative impacts of dams on freshwater turtles and the Amazonian freshwater ecosystems they inhabit. PMID:29333347

A vertebrate assemblage of Las Curtiembres Formation (Upper Cretaceous of northwestern Argentina Una asociación de vertebrados de la Formación Las Curtiembres (Cretácico Superior del Noroeste de la Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustín Scanferla

2011-12-01

Full Text Available We describe an association of fossil vertebrates from the Morales Member of the Las Curtiembres Formation (Campanian near Puente Morales, Salta Province, NW Argentina. The fossils include teleostean fishes, pipid frogs, pleurodiran turtles, mesoeucrocodylians, non-avian theropod dinosaurs, and enantiornithine birds. The vertebrate record is dominated by freshwater taxa. With the exception of pipid frogs, all taxa here described constitute new records for this sedimentary unit. Among them, the turtles are reported for the first time in the Cretaceous of northwestern Argentina (Salta Group. Additionally, the recently published small enantiornithine Intiornis inexpectatus enlarges the diversity of cretaceous birds from South America. Despite the fragmentary nature of the specimens, the information provided by this Late Cretaceous assemblage sheds new light on the composition of the continental vertebrate fauna in a paleontologically poorly known region of South America.Aquí describimos una asociación de fósiles de vertebrados proveniente del Miembro Morales de la Formación Las Curtiembres (Campaniano exhumada en la localidad de Puente Morales, provincia de Salta, Argentina. Esta asociación se encuentra conformada por peces teleósteos, anuros pipidos, tortugas pleurodiras, mesoeucrocodilidos, dinosaurios terópodos no avianos y aves Enantiornithes. Este registro de vertebrados se encuentra dominado por taxa de agua dulce. Con la excepción de los anuros pipidos, todos los demás taxa aquí descriptos constituyen nuevos registros para esta unidad sedimentaria. Entre ellos, el registro de tortugas resulta ser el primero para el Grupo Salta. Adicionalmente, el Enantiornithes Intiornis inexpectatus amplía la diversidad de aves cretácicas de América del Sur. Más allá de la naturaleza fragmentaria de algunos de los especímenes, la información proporcionada por esta asociación del Cretácico Superior aporta novedosa información acerca de la

Mamíferos el Mioceno inferior de las Bardenas Reales de Navarra (Cuenca del Ebro, Península Ibérica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

X. Murelaga, H. Astibia, C. Sese, D. Soria, X. Pereda-Suberbiola

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Las Bardenas Reales de Navarra se encuentran en el borde NW de la cuenca terciaria del Ebro. Los sedimentos que podemos encontrar en la mayor parte del área de estudio pertenecen a facies fluvio-palustres de la Formación Tudela. Las localidades fosilíferas estarían incluidas dentro de la Biozona MN2b-MN· (Biozonas Z-A del Rambliense o Aquitaniense superior-Burdigaliense inforior. En esta área se han encontrado restos fósiles de peces, anfibios, lagartos, anfisbénidos, serpientes, tortugas, cocodrilos, flamencos y los mamíferos que se describen en este trabajo como insectívoros, quirópteros, eomídos, gliridos, esciúridos, cricétidos, lagomorfos, perisodáctilos y artiodáctilos.

Preferencia de hospedadores de Culicidae (Diptera recolectados en el centro de la Argentina Host preference of Culicidae (Diptera collected in central Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walter R. Almirón

1995-04-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de estudiar la preferencia de hospedadores vertebrados por mosquitos hembras, durante 2 períodos octubre-abril (primavera-verano, se realizaron muestreos cada 15 días en Córdoba y Cosquín (Argentina. Se utilizaron trampas de latón con cebo animal: anfibios (sapos, aves (pollos, mamíferos (conejos y reptiles (tortugas. El 92,9% de los especímenes recolectados pertenecen al género Culex, mientras que un 7,0% corresponde a Aedes y el 0,02% restante a Psorophora ciliata, única especie que se capturó de ese género. En trampas con pollo se recolectó el mayor número de hembras (68,7%, siguiendo en orden las trampas con conejos (29,9%, con tortugas (0,8% y con sapos (0,5%, por lo tanto, la mayoría de los mosquitos entraron en las trampas con hospedadores homeotermos. Culex dolosus se alimentó sobre todos los cebos, mientras que Cx. acharistus, Cx. chidesteri y Cx. quinquefasciatus se alimentaron sobre pollos, conejos y tortugas; Ae. albifasciatus, Ae. scapularis, Cx. bidens y Cx. coronator lo hicieron sobre ambos hospedadores homeotermos; Cx. apicinus, Cx. maxi, Cx. saltanensis y Cx. spinosus se alimentaron solamente sobre pollos y Ps. ciliata sobre conejos.Com o propósito de estudar a preferência de mosquitos fêmeas por hospedeiros vertebrados, realizaram-se amostragens quinzenais nas cidades de Córdoba e Cosquín (Argentina, durante o período de outubro a abril (primavera-verão, por dois anos consecutivos. Utilizaram-se armadilhas com iscas animais: anfíbios, aves, mamíferos e répteis. Dos espécimes coletados, 92,9% pertenciam ao gênero Culex, 7,0% a Aedes e 0,02% a Psorophora ciliata, única espécie coletada desse gênero. A maior proporçãoo de fêmeas (68,7% foi capturada em armadilhas iscadas com galinhas, seguindo-se em ordem as armadilhas com coelhos (29,9%, com tartarugas (0,8% e com anfíbios (0,05%. Assim, a maioria dos mosquitos foi coletada em armadilhas com hospedeiros homeotermos. Culex

Use of Dry Tortugas National Park by threatened and endangered marine turtles: Chapter 5

Science.gov (United States)

Hart, Kristin M.; Fujisaki, Ikuko; Sartain-Iverson, Autumn R.

2012-01-01

Satellite and acoustic tracking results for green turtles, hawksbills, and loggerheads have revealed patterns in the proportion of time that tagged turtles spend within various zones of the park, including the RNA. Green turtles primarily utilize the shallow areas in the northern portion of the park. Hawksbills were mostly observed near Garden Key and loggerheads were observed throughout DRTO. Our record of turtle captures, recaptures, and sightings over the last 4 years serves as a baseline database for understanding the size classes of each species present in the park, as well as species-specific habitats in DRTO waters.

estructura de tallas, crecimiento y mortalidad de Crassostrea rhizophorae en la laguna de la r estinga, isla de margarita, Venezuela I size structure , gro W tH and mortality o F Crassostrea rhizophorae at la restinga lagoon , margarita island , V enezuela

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen González

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The size structure, height - weight relationship and growth rate and mortality of the mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae were evaluated in the area La Tortuga, La Restinga Lagoon, during the period march 2012 - february 2013. Monthly ramdom samples of oysters were taken. The annual size composition consisted of individuals between 15 and 95 mm in length, with a larger number of individuals in the range 45 to 60 mm. The length-weight relationship showed a positive relationship, with a correlation coefficient r = 0.66 and a slope b = 1.80, indicating that the species has a negative allometric growth. The model of growth in length was represented by the equation Lt = 103.41 [1 - exp (-1.59 (t-0, 31], showing a fast growth which allows the oyster to reach commercial size (60 mm at 6 months, with a maximum estimated longevity of 2 years.

Enzymes of energy metabolism in hatchlings of amazonian freshwater turtles (Testudines, Podocnemididae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

WP. Duncan

Full Text Available The metabolic profiles of selected tissues were analyzed in hatchlings of the Amazonian freshwater turtles Podocnemis expansa, P. unifilis and P. sextuberculata. Metabolic design in these species was judged based on the key enzymes of energy metabolism, with special emphasis on carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid and ketone body metabolism. All species showed a high glycolytic potential in all sampled tissues. Based on low levels of hexokinase, glycogen may be an important fuel for these species. The high lactate dehydrogenase activity in the liver may play a significant role in carbohydrate catabolism, possibly during diving. Oxidative metabolism in P. sextuberculata appears to be designed for the use of lipids, amino acids and ketone bodies. The maximal activities of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamine dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and succinyl-CoA keto transferase display high aerobic potential, especially in muscle and liver tissues of this species. Although amino acids and ketone bodies may be important fuels for oxidative metabolism, carbohydrates and lipids are the major fuels used by P. expansa and P. unifilis. Our results are consistent with the food habits and lifestyle of Amazonian freshwater turtles. The metabolic design, based on enzyme activities, suggests that hatchlings of P. unifilis and P. expansa are predominately herbivorous, whereas P. sextuberculata rely on a mixed diet of animal matter and vegetation.

NUEVOS APORTES AL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA HERPETOFAUNA DE LA FORMACIÓN CERRO AZUL (MIOCENO SUPERIOR, PROVINCIA DE LA PAMPA, ARGENTINA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

AGUSTÍN SCANFERLA

2015-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMENSe describen nuevos materiales fósiles de anfibios y reptiles hallados en sedimentos referidos a la Formación Cerro Azul (Mioceno Superior, procedentes de numerosas localidades de la provincia de La Pampa, Argentina. Los nuevos registros se basan en un resto craneano de anuro asignado al géneroCeratophrys, restos de caparazón de tortugas terrestres del géneroChelonoidis, vértebras asignables al lagarto de la familia TeiidaeTupinambis, y una vértebra troncal de serpiente comparable al género de colubroideos actualesPhilodryas. Tanto los registros terciarios previos de géneros actuales de anfibios y reptiles en América del Sur, como así también la asociación recuperada en el Mioceno Superior de La Pampa sugieren que la mayoría de los géneros que componen la herpetofauna Neotropical estaban presentes en el Mioceno, patrón similar al observado en otras regiones del mundo.

Resurrection of Scolopendra longipes Wood and Scolopendra cubensis Saussure from synonymy with Scolopendra alternans Leach (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae): an enigmatic species-group needing phylogeographic analysis, with an overview on the origin and distribution of centipedes in the Caribbean region.

Science.gov (United States)

Mercurio, Randy J

2016-05-12

Resurrection of Scolopendra longipes Wood, 1862, and Scolopendra cubensis Saussure, 1860, from junior synonymy with Scolopendra alternans Leach, 1815, is proposed. A neotype specimen of Scolopendra longipes is designated. Scolopendra longipes has a restricted range from the Dry Tortugas up through the Florida Keys of Monroe County into the mainland Florida counties of Collier and Dade southeast to the Bahamas, while Scolopendra cubensis is endemic to Cuba. Characters distinguishing S. longipes, and S. cubensis from S. alternans are illustrated and compared using digital photography, micrography and morphometric data. It is suggested that what has been considered Scolopendra alternans from southern Florida through the Caribbean and into northern South America is probably an evolving species-group that has undergone major diversification sometime during the Paleocene and early Eocene ~65.5-50 million years ago (Ma), mainly due to geographic isolation caused by a combination of plate tectonics and 100,000 year cycles of glaciation/deglaciation.

HERRAMIENTAS EN 3D PARA EL MODELADO DE ESCENARIOS VIRTUALES BASADOS EN LOGO. ESTADO DEL ARTE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luz Santamaría Granados

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo revisa la comprobada fundamentación pedagógica de LOGO (Papert, 2003 que a su vez ofrece interesantes estrategias de motivación para los niños, en aspectos tales como el desarrollo de habilidades espaciales a través de su propia exploración de mundos virtuales. La metodología original fue propuesta por Seymour Papert para escenarios en dos dimensiones (2D. Por lo tanto, se analiza la posibilidad de integrar las ventajas pedagógicas de LOGO con una interfaz gráfica en tres dimensiones (3D, al aprovechar la tecnología contemplada en los estándares del consorcio Web3D. Además menciona los componentes X3D que permiten el uso de avatares (humanoides para facilitar la interacción de los usuarios en mundos virtuales dinámicos, al disponer de personajes adicionales al de la tortuga de LOGO.

movilidades urbanas y experiencias del espacio público en la Bogotá contemporánea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Óscar Iván Salazar Arenas

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Hasta hace poco, en la mayoría de trabajos sobre el espacio público había primado el análisis de los lugares, los peatones y la ciudadanía. Muchos de ellos habían descuidado e incluso satanizado los flujos de personas, objetos e información, así como el uso del automóvil, dentro de una concepción dual que privilegiaba el “humanismo cívico”. Esta reflexión hace parte de las recientes críticas a esas miradas y discute el concepto de experiencia urbana en su relación con una ecología urbana dinámica, móvil y transhumana. El argumento explora críticamente la metáfora de la tortuga y la liebre como herramienta interpretativa en el análisis cultural de las movilidades y su papel integrador en las prácticas cotidianas, la materialidad de la ciudad y la cultura urbana.

Macromorfometría de juveniles de Geochelone sulcata (Testudines: Testudinidaeen Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Merchán

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Se midieron 31 ejemplares de tortuga africana de espolones Geochelone sulcata para la realización de un estudio biométrico. Se consideraron 26 medidas morfológicas para cada individuo. Las tortugas tenían una edad de entre 5 y 34 meses, y ninguna había alcanzado la madurez sexual. Todas ellas habían nacido en cautiverio en La Garita de Alajuela, Costa Rica, donde son una especie introducida. La longitud recta del espaldar fue de 83.1 mm, la anchura recta del espaldar de 68.3 mm y la altura máxima media de 46.2 mm. Todas las medidas estaban correlacionadas entre sí, salvo la longitud de la cola y la distancia cloacal. El mayor coeficiente de alometría positiva correspondió a la variable Peso. El mayor coeficiente de alometría negativa correspondió a la anchura a nivel de los escudos gulares. Todas las variables se agruparon en dos componentes principales, la longitud de la cola y la distancia cloacal en el Factor 2 y el resto en el Factor 1. La falta de correlación de las medidas de la cola así como su inclusión en un factor aparte al resto de la muestra podría responder a un proceso incipiente de diferenciación sexualGross morphometry of young Geochelone sulcata (Testudines: Testudinidae in Costa Rica. The African Spur tortoise, Geochelone sulcata, has been introduced to Costa Rica. A total of 31 tortoises were measured for 26 gross morphometry parameters. All individuals measured were inmature, aged from 5 to 34 months, and were born in captivity in La Garita de Alajuela, Costa Rica. Mean straight carapace length was 83.1 mm, mean straight plastron length was 68.3 mm and mean maximum height was 46.2 mm. All the measurements were correlated, except tail length and cloacal distance. Weight had the highest positive allometry coefficient. All the variables were joined in two Principal Components; tail length and cloacal distance in Factor 2 and the rest of them in Factor 1. Lack of correlation among tail measures and the other

Genetic assessment of connectivity in the common reef sponge, Callyspongia vaginalis (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) reveals high population structure along the Florida reef tract

Science.gov (United States)

Debiasse, M. B.; Richards, V. P.; Shivji, M. S.

2010-03-01

The genetic population structure of the common branching vase sponge, Callyspongia vaginalis, was determined along the entire length (465 km) of the Florida reef system from Palm Beach to the Dry Tortugas based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene. Populations of C. vaginalis were highly structured (overall ΦST = 0.33), in some cases over distances as small as tens of kilometers. However, nonsignificant pairwise ΦST values were also found between a few relatively distant sampling sites suggesting that some long distance larval dispersal may occur via ocean currents or transport in sponge fragments along continuous, shallow coastlines. Indeed, sufficient gene flow appears to occur along the Florida reef tract to obscure a signal of isolation by distance, but not to homogenize COI haplotype frequencies. The strong genetic differentiation among most of the sampling locations suggests that recruitment in this species is largely local source-driven, pointing to the importance of further elucidating general connectivity patterns along the Florida reef tract to guide the spatial scale of management efforts.

Florida Atlantic Coast Telemetry (FACT) Array: A Working Partnership

Science.gov (United States)

Scheidt, Douglas; Ault, Erick; Ellis, Robert D.; Gruber, Samuel; Iafrate, Joseph; Kalinowsky, Chris; Kessel, Steven; Reyier, Eric; Snyder, David; Watwood, Stephanie;

Holes in the ocean: Filling voids in bathymetric lidar data

Science.gov (United States)

Coleman, John B.; Yao, Xiaobai; Jordan, Thomas R.; Madden, Marguertie

2011-04-01

The mapping of coral reefs may be efficiently accomplished by the use of airborne laser bathymetry. However, there are often data holes within the bathymetry data which must be filled in order to produce a complete representation of the coral habitat. This study presents a method to fill these data holes through data merging and interpolation. The method first merges ancillary digital sounding data with airborne laser bathymetry data in order to populate data points in all areas but particularly those of data holes. What follows is to generate an elevation surface by spatial interpolation based on the merged data points obtained in the first step. We conduct a case study of the Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida and produced an enhanced digital elevation model in the ocean with this method. Four interpolation techniques, including Kriging, natural neighbor, spline, and inverse distance weighted, are implemented and evaluated on their ability to accurately and realistically represent the shallow-water bathymetry of the study area. The natural neighbor technique is found to be the most effective. Finally, this enhanced digital elevation model is used in conjunction with Ikonos imagery to produce a complete, three-dimensional visualization of the study area.

Sooty tern (Onychoprion fuscatus survival, oil spills, shrimp fisheries, and hurricanes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ryan M. Huang

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Migratory seabirds face threats from climate change and a variety of anthropogenic disturbances. Although most seabird research has focused on the ecology of individuals at the colony, technological advances now allow researchers to track seabird movements at sea and during migration. We combined telemetry data on Onychoprion fuscatus (sooty terns with a long-term capture-mark-recapture dataset from the Dry Tortugas National Park to map the movements at sea for this species, calculate estimates of mortality, and investigate the impact of hurricanes on a migratory seabird. Included in the latter analysis is information on the locations of recovered bands from deceased individuals wrecked by tropical storms. We present the first known map of sooty tern migration in the Atlantic Ocean. Our results indicate that the birds had minor overlaps with areas affected by the major 2010 oil spill and a major shrimp fishery. Indices of hurricane strength and occurrence are positively correlated with annual mortality and indices of numbers of wrecked birds. As climate change may lead to an increase in severity and frequency of major hurricanes, this may pose a long-term problem for this colony.

Multi-species coral Sr/Ca-based sea-surface temperature reconstruction using Orbicella faveolata and Siderastrea siderea from the Florida Straits

Science.gov (United States)

Flannery, Jennifer A.; Richey, Julie N.; Thirumalai, Kaustubh; Poore, Richard Z.; DeLong, Kristine L.

2017-01-01

We present new, monthly-resolved Sr/Ca-based sea-surface temperature (SST) records from two species of massive coral, Orbicella faveolata and Siderastrea siderea, from the Dry Tortugas National Park, FL, USA (DTNP). We combine these new records with published data from three additional S. siderea coral colonies to generate a 278-year long multi-species stacked Sr/Ca-SST record from DTNP. The composite record of mean annual Sr/Ca-SST at DTNP shows pronounced decadal-scale variability with a range of 1 to 2°C. Notable cool intervals in the Sr/Ca-derived SST lasting about a decade centered at ~1845, ~1935, and ~1965 are associated with reduced summer Sr/Ca-SST (monthly maxima < 29°C), and imply a reduction in the spatial extent of the Atlantic Warm Pool (AWP). There is significant coherence between the composite DTNP Sr/Ca-SST record and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index, with the AMO lagging Sr/Ca-SST at DTNP by 9 years. Low frequency variability in the Gulf Stream surface transport, which originates near DTNP, may provide a link for the lagged relationship between multidecadal variability at DTNP and the AMO.

Assess/monitor effects of MPA status on reef fish populations and spawning aggregations in the Tortugas Ecological Reserves

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — We supply abundance information of fish species along multiple randomly oriented transects at the lowest possible taxonomic level. This information is collected from...

PhyloChip™ microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology

Science.gov (United States)

Kellogg, Christina A.; Piceno, Yvette M.; Tom, Lauren M.; DeSantis, Todd Z.; Zawada, David G.; Andersen, Gary L.

2012-01-01

Interest in coral microbial ecology has been increasing steadily over the last decade, yet standardized methods of sample collection still have not been defined. Two methods were compared for their ability to sample coral-associated microbial communities: tissue punches and foam swabs, the latter being less invasive and preferred by reef managers. Four colonies of star coral, Montastraea annularis, were sampled in the Dry Tortugas National Park (two healthy and two with white plague disease). The PhyloChip™ G3 microarray was used to assess microbial community structure of amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences. Samples clustered based on methodology rather than coral colony. Punch samples from healthy and diseased corals were distinct. All swab samples clustered closely together with the seawater control and did not group according to the health state of the corals. Although more microbial taxa were detected by the swab method, there is a much larger overlap between the water control and swab samples than punch samples, suggesting some of the additional diversity is due to contamination from water absorbed by the swab. While swabs are useful for noninvasive studies of the coral surface mucus layer, these results show that they are not optimal for studies of coral disease.

Interpretación socioambiental (ISA, herramienta para la gestión del uso público en las áreas protegidas. Estudio de caso: Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olga García Hernández

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, como muchas otras Áreas Protegidas del todo el mundo, está siendo objeto de una visitación sin precedentes. Ante este escenario, las comunidades aledañas son incorporadas en las iniciativas turísticas de base natural, como parte de la estrategia de aplicación del enfoque ecosistémico. Pero la realidad es mucho más compleja que esta simple fórmula de participación. ¿Están preparadas estas poblaciones para tal labor? ¿Pueden los guías locales despertar cierto interés por la conservación en un Tour? A través de la práctica de la investigación-acción, el tour de anidamiento de la tortuga baula (Demorchelys coriácea fue objeto de análisis de forma participativa con los agentes turísticos. El proceso indagatorio se realizó bajo el prisma de la Interpretación Socioambiental, como herramienta para la gestión del uso público en zonas de especial protección. El estudio reveló su efectividad así como el papel clave que representan las comunidades locales en este tipo de iniciativas.

THE BIOCLUB AS A STRATEGY FOR THE CONSERVATION OF THE MORROCOY TORTOISE, GEOCHELONE CARBONARIA (SPIX 1824 IN CURUMANÍ-CESAR.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mary Lorena Moyano Acevedo

2016-09-01

Full Text Available In this research, the pedagogical implications generated from the implementation of educational strategy named Bioclub with respect to practices that have the population of the municipality of Curumaní in the department of Cesar (Colombia are presented regarding the Tortuga Morrocoy. Through the collection of information on the socioeconomic conditions of the community education strategy was designed on the premise of contextualized learning. In a second step Bioclub meetings where the community participated directly represented by students of San José College, to obtain data related practices concerning species and their biological and ecological survey were applied. Lastly, the practices of the community in relation to the turtle, the implications concerning the development of an educational strategy emphasizing the benefits that science club in the teaching-learning process in the construction of knowledge are characterized, and how this may generate a positive change in the attitudes of children in environmental stewardship and conservation of biodiversity in Colombia. Finally we developed a Conservation Primer built as a result of Bioclub involving aspects of their biology and ecology, as well as a guide aimed at sustainable farming, in order to try to minimize the negative impact of the practices of the community to species.

Visualizing Learning in Open - Ended Problem Solving in the Arts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walter Bender

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En su artículo, "Hacer el aprendizaje visible" (Urrea y Bender, 2012, los autores describen un marco que hace que los resultados de las iniciativas de reforma de educación a gran escala sean visibles, y comprensibles y aplicables a todos los públicos: administr adores educativos, educadores, padres de familia, y los propios niños. En este trabajo, examinamos detalladamente los datos de un concurso de programación entre escuelas del proyecto "Conectándonos", una iniciativa de la computación uno a uno implementado en Costa Rica por la Fundación Quirós Tanzi y el Ministerio de Educación Pública. Aplicamos este marco a los proyectos de Bloques de la Tortuga de 45 niños. Se demuestra una correlación entre la aplicación de nuestro marco al trabajo de los niños y sus res ultados de aprendizaje, evaluados subjetivamente. Argumentamos que al demostrar la eficacia de un mecanismo de evaluación de actividades de resolución de problemas abiertos, eliminamos un obstáculo para hacer las artes una parte más dominante de la educaci ón primaria.

Interpretación socioambiental (ISA, herramienta para la gestión del uso público en las áreas protegidas. Estudio de caso: Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olga Lucía Hernández

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas de Guanacaste, como muchas otras Áreas Protegidas del todo el mundo, está siendo objeto de una visitación sin precedentes. Ante este escenario, las comunidades aledañas son incorporadas en las iniciativas turísticas de base natural, como parte de la estrategia de aplicación del enfoque ecosistémico. Pero la realidad es mucho más compleja que esta simple fórmula de participación. ¿Están preparadas estas poblaciones para tal labor? ¿Pueden los guías locales despertar cierto interés por la conservación en un Tour? A través de la práctica de la investigación-acción, el tour de anidamiento de la tortuga baula (Demorchelys coriácea fue objeto de análisis de forma participativa con los agentes turísticos. El proceso indagatorio se realizó bajo el prisma de la Interpretación Socioambiental, como herramienta para la gestión del uso público en zonas de especial protección. El estudio reveló su efectividad así como el papel clave que representan las comunidades locales en este tipo de iniciativas.

Restos de quelonios del Mioceno medio del área de Tarazona de Aragón (Cuenca del Ebro, Aragón, España

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Astibia, H.

2006-12-01

Full Text Available In this work, turtle remains are described from the Middle-Upper Aragonian sites of Monteagudo, Tarazona de Aragón, El Buste and La Ciesma. The chelonian assemblage is compared with that found in older sites from the same area of the Ebro basin. The differences with the Lower Miocene (biozones Z-A of Bardenas Reales (Navarra could be attributed to either or both the diverse sedimentary environment and to the changes in relative humidity and temperature occurred during the Early-Middle Miocene.En este trabajo se realiza la descripción de los fósiles de tortuga encontrados en los yacimientos del Aragoniense medio-superior de Monteagudo, Tarazona de Aragón, El Buste y La Ciesma. Además, se ha comparado la asociación paleoquelionológica descrita en estas localidades con la descrita en localidades más antiguas del mismo sector de la Cuenca del Ebro. La diferencia entre la asociación de la Biozona Z-A de las Bardenas Reales de Navarra y la descrita en el resto de las localidades puede deberse al medio sedimentario y/o a los cambios de humedad y temperatura relativas acaecidos a lo largo del Mioceno inferior-medio.

Dispersal capacity and genetic relatedness in Acropora cervicornis on the Florida Reef Tract

Science.gov (United States)

Drury, Crawford; Paris, Claire B.; Kourafalou, Vassiliki H.; Lirman, Diego

2018-06-01

Sexual reproduction in scleractinian corals is a critical component of species recovery, fostering population connectivity and enhancing genetic diveristy. The relative contribution of sexual reproduction to both connectivity and diversity in Acropora cervicornis may be variable due to this species' capacity to reproduce effectively by fragmentation. Using a biophysical model and genomic data in this threatened species, we construct potential connectivity pathways on the Florida Reef Tract (FRT) and compare them to inferred migration rates derived from next-generation sequencing, using a link and node-based approach. Larval connectivity on the FRT can be divided into two zones: the northern region, where most transport is unidirectional to the north with the Florida Current, and the southern region that is more dynamic and exhibits complex spatial patterns. These biophysical linkages are poorly correlated with genetic connectivity patterns, which resolve many reciprocal connections and suggest a less sparse network. These results are difficult to reconcile with genetic data which indicate that individual reefs are diverse, suggesting important contributions of sexual reproduction and recruitment. Larval connectivity models highlight potential resources for recovery, such as areas with high larval export like the Lower Keys, or areas that are well connected to most other regions on the FRT, such as the Dry Tortugas.

An Altimetry-Derived Index of the Offshore Forcing on the "Pressure Point" of the West Florida Shelf: Anomalous Upwelling and Its Influence on Harmful Algal Blooms

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Y.; Weisberg, R. H.; Lenes, J. M.; Zheng, L.; Hubbard, K.; Walsh, J. J.

2017-12-01

Gulf of Mexico Loop Current (LC) interactions with the West Florida Shelf (WFS) slope play an important role in shelf ecology through the upwelling of new inorganic nutrients across the shelf break. This is particularly the case when the LC impinges upon the shelf slope in the southwest portion of the WFS near the Dry Tortugas. By contacting shallow water isobaths at this "pressure point" the LC forcing sets the entire shelf into motion. Characteristic patterns of LC interactions with the WFS and their occurrences are identified from altimetry data using unsupervised neural network, self-organizing map. The duration of the occurrences of such LC patterns is used as an indicator of offshore forcing of anomalous upwelling. Consistency is found between the altimetry-derived offshore forcing and the occurrence and severity of WFS coastal blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis: years without major blooms tend to have prolonged LC contact at the "pressure point," whereas years with major blooms tend not to have prolonged offshore forcing. Resetting the nutrient state of the shelf by the coastal ocean circulation in response to deep-ocean forcing demonstrates the importance of physical oceanography in shelf ecology. A satellite altimetry-derived seasonal predictor for major K. brevis blooms is also proposed.

Los géneros de anfibios y reptiles de Colombia, IV: Cuarta y ultima parte: reptiles, ordenes testudineos y crocodilinos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dunn Emmett Reid

1945-04-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se consideran los dos órdenes restantes de reptiles de Colombia concluyéndose la serie que se ha venido publicando en los tres últimos números de CALDASIA sobre la fauna herpetológica de este país. Las publicaciones referentes a los Testudineos y Crocodilinos de Colombia son muy escasas y, además, los ejemplares colombianos que he podido examinar son muy pocos; por lo tanto, el trabajo que aquí ofrezco a los estudiantes de herpetología de este país no es tan completo como yo lo hubiera deseado. El hecho de que no existan numerosos ejemplares de caimanes y tortugas en los museos y colecciones científicas se explica principalmente por el tamaño y peso de estos animales y por la dificultad de conseguirlos, prepararlos y transportarlos. A falta de información más precisa acerca de las especies que habitan en Colombia me ha parecido conveniente dar en este articulo una guía de los géneros que se encuentran en la parte nor-occidental del continente suramericanoy en los mares adyacentes. Espero que en el futuro sea posibledefinir con mayor exactitud y certeza cuales grupos pertenecen realmente a la fauna colombiana.

Presencia de Trachemys Agassiz, 1857 (Testudines, Emydidae en el Pleistoceno tardío del centro de la Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cabrera, Mario R.

2011-08-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se describen restos del caparazón de una tortuga que constituyen el primer registro del género dulceacuícola Trachemys Agassiz, 1857 y de la familia Emydidae Rafinesque, 1815 en la provincia de Córdoba, y el hallazgo más occidental de ambos en la Argentina. Los materiales recuperados consisten en la placa proneural, las placas pleurales IV y VIII derechas y fragmentos de las placas pleurales III y IV izquierdas, epiplastron, hioplastron e hipoplastron derechos, más tres fragmentos indeterminables. Los restos provienendel Sitio El Silencio (30°53’20" S, 62°49’29" W, un yacimiento paleontológico de edad Pleistoceno tardío - Holoceno temprano, expuesto en la costa de la actual laguna Mar Chiquita, en un nivel de limo con intercalaciones de carbonato de calcio asignado a la Formación Tezanos Pinto, cuya depositación se produjo entre los 36.000 y 8.000 AP. El registro esrelacionado con un evento húmedo acontecido entre los 16.500 y 15.500 años AP, que pudo haber sido lo suficientemente marcado y sostenido como para posibilitar el ingreso deTrachemys (y otros taxones vertebrados durante el Pleistoceno a cercanías de la laguna Mar Chiquita, unos 220 km hacia el oeste de su distribución actual.

Uneven frequency of Vibrio alginolyticus-group isolates among different populations of Galápagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Thaller, Maria C; Ciambotta, Marco; Sapochetti, Manuela; Migliore, Luciana; Tapia, Whashington; Cedeño, Virna; Gentile, Gabriele

2010-02-01

The presence of Vibrio isolates was investigated in cloacal swabs from the Galápagos marine iguana (Amblyrhyncus cristatus). Such unique iguana is endemic to the Galápagos Archipelago, it is listed as vulnerable in the IUCN Red List (2009), and is strictly protected by CITES and Ecuador laws. Our results revealed an uneven isolation frequency of vibrios from animals living in different settings: maximal among the Santa Fe population, scarce at Bahía Tortuga but practically absent in the samples from Puerto Ayora and Plaza Sur. A 16S sequencing confirmed that the isolates belonged to the genus Vibrio, placing them within the V. alginolyticus group; the biochemical identification was, indeed, consistent with V. alginolyticus features. The reason of the observed discrepancy is not clear, but could be either linked to a higher pollution in the inhabited or more touristic places or to differential influence of chemical and physical parameters at a local scale. As V. alginolyticus is an opportunistic pathogen for man and it is known to cause disease in sea-living animals, the ability of these vibrios to enter and persist to a certain extent in the marine iguana gut should be regarded as a risk for health of both the animals and the human personnel involved in monitoring activities. © 2010 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Envenenamiento de Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia: Testudines por Tityus trivittatus (Scorpionida: Buthidae Envenomation of Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia: Testudines by Tityus trivittatus (Scorpionida: Buthidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adolfo R de Roodt

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se describe el caso de un ejemplar de tortuga mordedora (Chelydra serpentina que fue hallada con los miembros tetanizados en extensión, midriasis y poca respuesta a estímulos externos, en cuyo recinto se encontró un ejemplar de escorpión Tityus trivittatus. Ante el claro cuadro de envenenamiento, se trató al quelonio con antiveneno escorpiónico específico retornando a un estado de relajación muscular a las seis horas y encontrándoselo totalmente normal a las 24 horas sin mostrar secuelas posteriores. Este es el primer comunicado sobre el envenenamiento de quelonios por escorpiones. Se discuten algunos aspectos de este envenenamiento escorpiónico y su tratamiento con antiveneno específico.We report the case of a snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina found tetanized, with the limbs in extension, mydriasis and poor response to external stimuli, in whose terrarium was found a Tityus trivittatus scorpion. Based on the clear clinical picture of envenoming, the turtle was treated with a specific scorpion antivenin, returning to a state of muscle relaxation after six hours of treatment and it was found totally normal at 24 hours, without envenoming sequelae. This is the first report on turtle envenomation by scorpion. The scorpion envenomation in reptiles and the treatment with specific antivenom is discussed.

Presencia de los dinoflagelados Ceratium dens, C. fusus y C. furca (Gonyaulacales: Ceratiaceae en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maribelle Vargas-Montero

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Las proliferaciones algales nocivas (PAN son un fenómeno frecuente en el Golfo de Nicoya. La morfología y fisiología de estas microalgas son muy importantes debido al hecho de que las especies involucradas en estos eventos presentan características adaptativas. PAN producidas por dinoflagelados del género Ceratium son comunes en algunas partes del mundo, sin embargo, a pesar del hecho de que la producción de altas concentraciones de toxinas paralíticas sólo se ha documentado a nivel experimental, éste género ha sido asociado con la mortalidad de organismos acuáticos y con la disminución en la calidad del agua, así como el responsable de la mortalidad de ostras y larvas de gambas. Algunas especies del género Ceratium han sido asociados con eventos de mortalidad en peces. Durante un reciente fenómeno PAN que ocurrió cerca de la Isla Tortuga en el Golfo de Nicoya, los pescadores en el área informaron muertes masivas de peces enjaulados. Se tomaron muestras de una PAN que producía una discoloración anaranjada en el agua y tenía un olor fétido. Estas muestras fueron procesadas para observar el detalle ultraestructural usando el microscopio electrónico. En muestras tomadas en superficie, los dinoflagelados observados fueron Ceratium furca, C. fusus y C. dens. El conteo celular reveló cuatro millones de células de este género por litro. Los cambios morfológicos de estas especies son muy variables; por consiguiente la microscopía electrónica es una herramienta muy útil en el estudio ultraestructural de estos organismos. Esta es la primera vez que tres especies del género Ceratium se conocen como productoras concurrentes de PAN en Costa RicaHarmful Algae Blooms (HAB are a frequent phenomenon in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, as in other parts of the world. The morphology and physiology of these microalgae are important because HAB species have adaptive characteristics. The production of high concentrations of paralytic

Genetic structure of Florida green turtle rookeries as indicated by mitochondrial DNA control region sequences

Science.gov (United States)

Shamblin, Brian M.; Bagley, Dean A.; Ehrhart, Llewellyn M.; Desjardin, Nicole A.; Martin, R. Erik; Hart, Kristen M.; Naro-Maciel, Eugenia; Rusenko, Kirt; Stiner, John C.; Sobel, Debra; Johnson, Chris; Wilmers, Thomas; Wright, Laura J.; Nairn, Campbell J.

2014-01-01

Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting has increased dramatically in Florida over the past two decades, ranking the Florida nesting aggregation among the largest in the Greater Caribbean region. Individual beaches that comprise several hundred kilometers of Florida’s east coast and Keys support tens to thousands of nests annually. These beaches encompass natural to highly developed habitats, and the degree of demographic partitioning among rookeries was previously unresolved. We characterized the genetic structure of ten Florida rookeries from Cape Canaveral to the Dry Tortugas through analysis of 817 base pair mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences from 485 nesting turtles. Two common haplotypes, CM-A1.1 and CM-A3.1, accounted for 87 % of samples, and the haplotype frequencies were strongly partitioned by latitude along Florida’s Atlantic coast. Most genetic structure occurred between rookeries on either side of an apparent genetic break in the vicinity of the St. Lucie Inlet that separates Hutchinson Island and Jupiter Island, representing the finest scale at which mtDNA structure has been documented in marine turtle rookeries. Florida and Caribbean scale analyses of population structure support recognition of at least two management units: central eastern Florida and southern Florida. More thorough sampling and deeper sequencing are necessary to better characterize connectivity among Florida green turtle rookeries as well as between the Florida nesting aggregation and others in the Greater Caribbean region.

Clay mineralogy of surface sediments as a tool for deciphering river contributions to the Cariaco Basin (Venezuela)

Science.gov (United States)

Bout-Roumazeilles, V.; Riboulleau, A.; du Châtelet, E. Armynot; Lorenzoni, L.; Tribovillard, N.; Murray, R. W.; Müller-Karger, F.; Astor, Y. M.

2013-02-01

The mineralogical composition of 95 surface sediment samples from the Cariaco Basin continental shelf and Orinoco delta was investigated in order to constrain the clay-mineral main provenance and distribution within the Cariaco Basin. The spatial variability of the data set was studied using a geo-statistical approach that allows drawing representative clay-mineral distribution maps. These maps are used to identify present-day dominant sources for each clay-mineral species in agreement with the geological characteristics of the main river watersheds emptying into the basin. This approach allows (1) identifying the most distinctive clay-mineral species/ratios that determine particle provenance, (2) evaluating the respective contribution of local rivers, and (3) confirming the minimal present-day influence of the Orinoco plume on the Cariaco Basin sedimentation. The Tuy, Unare, and Neveri Rivers are the main sources of clay particles to the Cariaco Basin sedimentation. At present, the Tuy River is the main contributor of illite to the western part of the southern Cariaco Basin continental shelf. The Unare River plume, carrying smectite and kaolinite, has a wide westward propagation, whereas the Neveri River contribution is less extended, providing kaolinite and illite toward the eastern Cariaco Basin. The Manzanares, Araya, Tortuga, and Margarita areas are secondary sources of local influence. These insights shed light on the origin of present-day terrigenous sediments of the Cariaco Basin and help to propose alternative explanations for the temporal variability of clay mineralogy observed in previously published studies.

Pnrc2 regulates 3'UTR-mediated decay of segmentation clock-associated transcripts during zebrafish segmentation.

Science.gov (United States)

Gallagher, Thomas L; Tietz, Kiel T; Morrow, Zachary T; McCammon, Jasmine M; Goldrich, Michael L; Derr, Nicolas L; Amacher, Sharon L

2017-09-01

Vertebrate segmentation is controlled by the segmentation clock, a molecular oscillator that regulates gene expression and cycles rapidly. The expression of many genes oscillates during segmentation, including hairy/Enhancer of split-related (her or Hes) genes, which encode transcriptional repressors that auto-inhibit their own expression, and deltaC (dlc), which encodes a Notch ligand. We previously identified the tortuga (tor) locus in a zebrafish forward genetic screen for genes involved in cyclic transcript regulation and showed that cyclic transcripts accumulate post-splicing in tor mutants. Here we show that cyclic mRNA accumulation in tor mutants is due to loss of pnrc2, which encodes a proline-rich nuclear receptor co-activator implicated in mRNA decay. Using an inducible in vivo reporter system to analyze transcript stability, we find that the her1 3'UTR confers Pnrc2-dependent instability to a heterologous transcript. her1 mRNA decay is Dicer-independent and likely employs a Pnrc2-Upf1-containing mRNA decay complex. Surprisingly, despite accumulation of cyclic transcripts in pnrc2-deficient embryos, we find that cyclic protein is expressed normally. Overall, we show that Pnrc2 promotes 3'UTR-mediated decay of developmentally-regulated segmentation clock transcripts and we uncover an additional post-transcriptional regulatory layer that ensures oscillatory protein expression in the absence of cyclic mRNA decay. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Caracterización espacio-temporal del hábitat y presencia de Dermatemys mawii (Testudines: Dermatemydidae en la cuenca del Grijalva-Usumacinta, Tabasco, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Elena Zenteno Ruiz

2010-12-01

Full Text Available La tortuga centroamericana (Dermatemys mawii es una especie en peligro de extinción pobremente estudiada. En el presente trabajo se analizaron las variaciones estacionales y espaciales del hábitat y se relacionaron con la presencia/ausencia de D. mawii en tres ríos de la Reserva de la Biosfera Pantanos de Centla (Tabasco, México. Para caracterizar el hábitat se evaluaron 11 variables (hidrológicas, fisicoquímicas del agua y de la vegetación en dos temporadas (seca y lluviosa. Para determinar la presencia/ ausencia de la especie se colocaron 8 trampas de desvío acuáticas, empleando la captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE como indicador de la abundancia relativa. Los resultados indicaron variaciones espacio-temporales. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP permitió determinar la variabilidad ambiental. La presencia de la especie se confirmó en los tres ríos, sin embargo la mayor abundancia relativa se registró en el Río Tabasquillo. Cuatro variables tuvieron el mayor peso como variables predictoras de la presencia de la especie. Con los resultados obtenidos, es evidente la importancia que tiene el ambiente ribereño como hábitat para Dermatemys, asimismo es posible hacer el primer acercamiento a un plan de acción para la protección de la especie y su hábitat en esta reserva.

DNA and dispersal models highlight constrained connectivity in a migratory marine megavertebrate

Science.gov (United States)

Naro-Maciel, Eugenia; Hart, Kristen M.; Cruciata, Rossana; Putman, Nathan F.

2016-01-01

Population structure and spatial distribution are fundamentally important fields within ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. To investigate pan-Atlantic connectivity of globally endangered green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from two National Parks in Florida, USA, we applied a multidisciplinary approach comparing genetic analysis and ocean circulation modeling. The Everglades (EP) is a juvenile feeding ground, whereas the Dry Tortugas (DT) is used for courtship, breeding, and feeding by adults and juveniles. We sequenced two mitochondrial segments from 138 turtles sampled there from 2006-2015, and simulated oceanic transport to estimate their origins. Genetic and ocean connectivity data revealed northwestern Atlantic rookeries as the major natal sources, while southern and eastern Atlantic contributions were negligible. However, specific rookery estimates differed between genetic and ocean transport models. The combined analyses suggest that post-hatchling drift via ocean currents poorly explains the distribution of neritic juveniles and adults, but juvenile natal homing and population history likely play important roles. DT and EP were genetically similar to feeding grounds along the southern US coast, but highly differentiated from most other Atlantic groups. Despite expanded mitogenomic analysis and correspondingly increased ability to detect genetic variation, no significant differentiation between DT and EP, or among years, sexes or stages was observed. This first genetic analysis of a North Atlantic green turtle courtship area provides rare data supporting local movements and male philopatry. The study highlights the applications of multidisciplinary approaches for ecological research and conservation.

Cretaceous biota of the Triângulo Mineiro region (Brazil: A review of recent finds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Candeiro, C. R. A.

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The Bauru Group (Adamantina, Uberaba, and Marília Formations crop out in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, and yield a rich continental biota. Invertebrate and vertebrate taxa from underlying and overlying strata, as well as biostratigraphical correlations with other fossil sites in Argentina, suggest an Upper Cretaceous age for this biota. The diversity of the fossil assemblage recorded in these formations is summarized here and includes: frogs, lizards, crocodiles, titanosaurs, abelisaurid and carcharodontosaurid dinosaurs. This fossil assemblage provides important clues to understand faunas from other southern landmasses, particularly those from the Cretaceous of the African continent.Los afloramientos del Grupo Bauru (formaciones Adamantina, Uberaba y Marília en la región del Triângulo Mineiro, Provincia de Minas Gerais, Brasil, posee un rico contenido de biota continental. Los taxa de invertebrados y vertebrados de estos estratos, así como las correlaciones biostratigráficas con otros yacimientos fósiles de Argentina, sugieren una edad del Cretácico Tardío. La diversidad de la asociación fósil registrada en las formaciones del Triângulo Mineiro se resume en el presente trabajo e incluye: sapos, lagartos, tortugas, cocodrilianos, titanosaurideos, dinosaurios abelisaurideos y carcharodontosaurideos. Esta asociación es importante para la comprensión de las faunas del sur de América y también de las del Cretácico de África.

Ride, shoot, and call: wildlife use among contemporary urban hunters in Três Fronteiras, Brazilian Amazon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nathalie van Vliet

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Most bushmeat studies in the Amazon region focus on hunting patterns of indigenous populations in rural settings. Our study describes the existence of urban hunters in medium-sized towns. Using a variety of data collection methods, we describe the main socioeconomic characteristics of urban hunters in Benjamin Constant and Atalaia do Norte, Brazil. We analyze the patterns and motivations of urban hunters as well as the type of prey harvested and quantities traded. All interviewed hunters are caboclos, people of mixed Brazilian indigenous and European origins from rural areas who now live in urban and peri-urban areas. Living in these more populated spaces allows these hunters better market options for their harvest and allows them to alternate hunting with other economic activities. Only 29% of the interviewed hunters relied solely on hunting. In total, 11.6 tons of bushmeat were harvested (of which 97% was traded by four hunters during the monitoring period (60 days. The most hunted species were terecay (Podocnemis unifilis, curassow (Crax sp., paca (Cuniculus paca, and tapir (Tapirus terrestris. The ratio of bushmeat sold to that consumed, as well as the level of participation in the bushmeat market chain, allowed us to differentiate between specialized and diversified hunters. Specialized hunters sell 81% of the bushmeat caught to known wholesalers in the city. Diversified hunters sell 21% of their total catch to families, neighbors, or friends directly as fresh meat, avoiding intermediaries. For all hunters, hunting localities are associated with peri-urban roadways that are easily reached by motorbike or bicycle from the hunters' houses in the urban areas or city fringes. Our results show that urban hunters in medium-sized towns exemplify how traditional hunting systems can be adapted in the face of globalization, by living close to the market, at relatively manageable distances from hunting grounds, and using modern methods of

Caracterización ambiental de la zona de alimentación de tortugas marinas en el litoral del municipio de Guasave, Sinaloa.

OpenAIRE

Graciano Obeso, Adalid

2014-01-01

Las áreas marinas protegidas (AMPs) son herramientas de conservación muy relevantes para la protección de ecosistemas y para contribuir a generar un uso adecuado de los recursos naturales. La zona marino costera del municipio de Guasave se encuentra ubicada en la región sur del Golfo de California en un área de surgencias costeras estacionales y en la que ocurren una gran cantidad de especies de importancia comercial así como de interés para la conservación. Estudios previos han caracterizado...

Beach dynamics and nest distribution of the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea at Grande Riviere Beach,Trinidad &Tobago

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lori Lee Lum

2005-05-01

Full Text Available Grande Riviere Beach in Trinidad and Tobago is an important nesting site in the Caribbean for the Critically Endangered leatherback sea turtle,Dermochelys coriacea .Community members were concerned that beach erosion and seasonal river flooding were destroying many of the nests deposited annually and thought that a hatchery was a possible solution.Over the 2001 turtle nesting season,the Institute of Marine Affairs (IMA assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of nests using the Global Positioning System recorded to reference points,and beach dynamics using permanent bench mark profile stations,to determine areas of high risk and more stable areas for nesting.A total of 1449 leatherback nests were positioned.It was evident that at the start of the season in March,the majority of leatherback nests were deposited at the eastern section of the beach. After May,there was a continuing westward shift in nest distribution as the season progressed until August and beach erosion in the eastern section became predominant.The backshore remained relatively stable along the entire beach throughout the nesting season,and erosion was predominant in the foreshore at the eastern section of the beach,from the middle to the end of the season.Similar trends in accretion and erosion were observed in 2000.River flooding did not occur during the study period or in the previous year.With both high risk and more stable regions for turtle nesting available at Grande Riviere Beach,there was no compelling evidence to justify the need for a hatchery.La playa de Grande Riviere en Trinidad y Tobago es un sitio importante de anidación en el Caribe de la tortuga baula,Dermochelys coriacea ;una tortuga marina en peligro de extinción.Los residentes estaban preocupados de que la erosión de la playa y las inundaciones estacionales estaban destruyendo muchos de los nidos y pensaron que un criadero era una solución.Durante la temporada de anidación del 2001,el Instituto de

Método Taguchi para optimizar marcadores RAPD-PCR y determinar diversidad genética: un modelo, la tortuga cabezona Caretta caretta (Testudines: Cheloniidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Martínez-Ortega

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Implementation of Taguchi method to optimize RAPD-PCR Markers for determining the genetic diversity: an example the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Testudines:Cheloniidae. DNA was isolated from Caretta caretta two zone of the Colombian Caribbean (Don Diego N=5 and Rosario Islands N=3 and quantified it. Was applied a Taguchi orthogonal matriz of four variables to standardize RAPD-PCR reaction. The data were analyzed with the program PopGen. The conditions were standardized to 7.85 ng/ml of DNA, 3.5 mM MgCl2, 200 mM dNTP's, 0.5 mM oligonucleotide and one unit of Taq DNA polymerase in a final reaction volume of 20 ml. Thermocycling conditions initiated at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 40 cycles of: 94°C for 40 s, 37°C for 40 s and 72°C for 90 s. The markers were recorded in a binary matrix of presence (1 and absence (0, and as a model example of genetic diversity was determined using the Shannon index (H '= 0.44 + / -0.27 individuals and Don Diego H '= 0.25 + / -0.32 for Isla del Rosario, the average rate of genetic structure (Gst=0.27 and the effective migration rate (Nm=1.28. Methodology was standardized using Taguchi method that produces bands of light, legible and reproducible that can be used as a reliable alternative for studies of genetic diversity in the loggerhead turtle and other species, and further, integrate them into the curriculum of molecular biology and/or biochemistry for undergraduate and graduate students.

Efectividad del monitoreo de la anidación de tortugas marinas para determinar el éxito reproductivo en playas del sur de Cuba

OpenAIRE

Julia Azanza-Ricardo; José Luis Gerhartz-Muro; Yanet Forneiro Martín-Viaña; Félix Moncada-Gavilán

2015-01-01

El monitoreo de las anidaciones es muy útil como herramienta para la conservación pero el esfuerzo de trabajo en diferentes áreas puede variar grandemente. En Cuba, se aplican cuatro enfoques diferentes: monitoreo sistemático nocturno y diurno (MSN), y monitoreo esporádico con o sin comprobación de nidos (MECC). La cantidad y exactitud de los datos tomados y la calidad de la información derivada de ellos difieren. Por esta razón, en el presente trabajo se evalúa la efectividad de cada enfoque...

Trading shallow safety for deep sleep: Juvenile green turtles select deeper resting sites as they grow

Science.gov (United States)

Hart, Kristen M.; White, Connor F.; Iverson, Autumn R.; Whitney, Nick

2016-01-01

To better protect endangered green sea turtles Chelonia mydas, a more thorough understanding of the behaviors of each life stage is needed. Although dive profile analyses obtained using time-depth loggers have provided some insights into habitat use, recent work has shown that more fine-scale monitoring of body movements is needed to elucidate physical activity patterns. We monitored 11 juvenile green sea turtles with tri-axial acceleration data loggers in their foraging grounds in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, USA, for periods ranging from 43 to 118 h (mean ± SD: 72.8 ± 27.3 h). Approximately half of the individuals (n = 5) remained in shallow (overall mean depth less than 2 m) water throughout the experiment, whereas the remaining individuals (n = 6) made excursions to deeper (4 to 27 m) waters, often at night. Despite these differences in depth use, acceleration data revealed a consistent pattern of diurnal activity and nocturnal resting in most individuals. Nocturnal depth differences thus do not appear to represent differences in behavior, but rather different strategies to achieve the same behavior: rest. We calculated overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) to assess the relative energetic cost of each behavioral strategy in an attempt to explain the differences between them. Animals in deeper water experienced longer resting dives, more time resting per hour, and lower mean hourly ODBA. These results suggest that resting in deeper water provides energetic benefits that outweigh the costs of transiting to deep water and a potential increased risk of predation.

Plant cover effect on Bolson tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus Legler 1959, Testudinidae burrow use

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Luis Becerra-López

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The Bolson tortoise, Gopherus flavomarginatus, occurs within a restricted geographical area in the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert. We analyzed the variation in surface microhabitat with relation to the burrow occupancy for this tortoise at the Mapimí Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. In summer 2010, we monitored burrow activity (active, inactive, or abandoned and measured environmental factors that might influence the burrow’s occupancy by tortoises (air temperature, relative humidity and substrate temperature, both inside and outside the burrow, and the plant cover around it. Discriminant analysis was used to identify the importance of these variables influencing burrow occupancy. Correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to quantify the relation between environmental factors in the sampled burrows. Results. Sixty-one burrows were identified at the Tortugas locality. The first function’s auto-value analysis indicates that this function explains 97.9% of the variation in burrow activity status; high occupancy scores were associated with low substrate temperature inside the burrow. Plant cover was inversely proportional to substrate temperature inside the burrow. These results suggest the importance the density of plants surrounding the tortoise’s burrow as a key factor influencing the burrow microclimate and occupancy by the tortoises. Conclusions. Gopherus flavomarginatus inhabits burrows, in part, based on microhabitat structure, with plant cover being a main factor influencing burrow occupancy. Our findings indicate that human land use and vegetation management are important for conserving Bolson tortoises, and for understanding habitat conditions necessary for the successful establishment of populations elsewhere.

Effects of plant growth promoting bacteria and mycorrhizal on Capsicum annuum L. var. aviculare ([Dierbach] D'Arcy and Eshbaugh) germination under stressing abiotic conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Rueda-Puente, Edgar Omar; Murillo-Amador, Bernardo; Castellanos-Cervantes, T; García-Hernández, José Luís; Tarazòn-Herrera, Mario Antonio; Moreno Medina, Salomòn; Gerlach Barrera, Luis Ernesto

2010-08-01

Capsicum annuum var. aviculare to Tarahumara and Papago Indians and farmers of Sonora desert is a promising biological and commercial value as a natural resource from arid and semiarid coastal zones. Traditionally, apply synthetic fertilizers to compensate for soil nitrogen deficiency. However, indiscriminate use of these fertilizers might increase salinity. The inoculation by plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represents an alternative as potential bio fertilizer resources for salty areas. Seeds ecotypes from four areas of Sonora desert (Mazocahui, Baviacora, Arizpe, La Tortuga), in order to inoculate them with one species of PGPB and AMF. Two germination tests were carried out to study the effect of salinity, temperature regime (night/day) and inoculation with PGPB and AMF growth factors measured on germination (percentage and rate), plant height, root length, and produced biomass (fresh and dry matter). The results indicated that from four studied ecotypes, Mazocahui was the most outstanding of all, showing the highest germination under saline and non-saline conditions. However, the PGPB and AMF influenced the others variables evaluated. This study is the first step to obtain an ideal ecotype of C. a. var. aviculare, which grows in the northwest of México and promoting this type of microorganisms as an efficient and reliable biological product. Studies of the association of PGPB and AMF with the C. a. var. aviculare-Mazocahui ecotype are recommended to determine the extent to which these observations can be reproduced under field conditions. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

VICHADA: LA HOSPITALIDAD DEL ORINOCO. Pag. 150-157

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wilmer Velandia

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Donde el cielo y la sabana se unen en el infinito, se vislumbra una sola montaña en la lejanía, parece un gigante, antiguo y oscuro al final de la inmensidad un “Tepuye”, después de unas cuantas horas de camino se acerca este gran anciano que data del precámbrico, pero no está solo. Se observan algunos compañeros iguales a él, se podrían considerar como los guardianes del imponente y hermoso Orinoko, considerado en lengua Sikuani como la gran serpiente enroscada acompañada de una gran riqueza paisajística cultural y biodiversa; bosques de galería, diferentes tipos de sabana, esteros, lagunas, morichales, bosques inundables, las que recorren aguas blancas, negras y mixtas, rodeadas por diferentes etnias y grupos indígenas como Piaroas, Sikuanis – Guahibos, Cuibas y Amoruas, que viven en forma pacífica con llaneros y colonos, orgullosos de estas tierras, amables y hospitalarios que desde hace muchos años comparten este paraíso con: bagres, pirañas, anguilas, rayas, arawanas, anacondas, ranas, sapos, caimanes, babos, iguanas, tortugas, loros, búhos, guacamayas, azucareros, pavones, paujiles, águilas, zamuros, aulladores, armadillos, ocarros, chigüiros, osos hormigueros, ocelotes, jaguares, nutrias, murciélagos, cuerpo espines, zorros, venados y delfines, que pasan sus días entre; cedros, moriches, saladillos, caraños, yarumos, laureles, caimos, guaduas, guamos, alcornoques, chaparros, arepillos, palmiches y gualtes.

NOAA Office for Coastal Management Benthic Habitat Data, Apalachicola Bay, Dry Tortugas, Florida Bay, and Indian River Lagoon, Florida, 1991-2001 (NODC Accession 0001045)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — These data are a collection of regional GIS (Arcview shapefiles and associated Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata) benthic habitat files from studies...

Comparing bacterial community composition between healthy and white plague-like disease states in Orbicella annularis using PhyloChip™ G3 microarrays

Science.gov (United States)

Kellogg, Christina A.; Piceno, Yvette M.; Tom, Lauren M.; DeSantis, Todd Z.; Gray, Michael A.; Zawada, David G.; Andersen, Gary L.

2013-01-01

Coral disease is a global problem. Diseases are typically named or described based on macroscopic changes, but broad signs of coral distress such as tissue loss or discoloration are unlikely to be specific to a particular pathogen. For example, there appear to be multiple diseases that manifest the rapid tissue loss that characterizes ‘white plague.’ PhyloChip™ G3 microarrays were used to compare the bacterial community composition of both healthy and white plague-like diseased corals. Samples of lobed star coral (Orbicella annularis, formerly of the genus Montastraea [1]) were collected from two geographically distinct areas, Dry Tortugas National Park and Virgin Islands National Park, to determine if there were biogeographic differences between the diseases. In fact, all diseased samples clustered together, however there was no consistent link to Aurantimonas coralicida, which has been described as the causative agent of white plague type II. The microarrays revealed a large amount of bacterial heterogeneity within the healthy corals and less diversity in the diseased corals. Gram-positive bacterial groups (Actinobacteria, Firmicutes) comprised a greater proportion of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) unique to healthy samples. Diseased samples were enriched in OTUs from the families Corynebacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and Streptococcaceae. Much previous coral disease work has used clone libraries, which seem to be methodologically biased toward recovery of Gram-negative bacterial sequences and may therefore have missed the importance of Gram-positive groups. The PhyloChip™ data presented here provide a broader characterization of the bacterial community changes that occur within Orbicella annularis during the shift from a healthy to diseased state.

Huracanes y biodiversidad costera tropical

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergio I Salazar-Vallejo

2002-06-01

Full Text Available La biodiversidad costera tropical ha sido modulada por las tormentas y huracanes durante mucho tiempo y en nuestros días también está sujeta a severas presiones por actividades antropogénicas. El objetivo de esta revisión fue el compilar la información disponible para mejorar nuestra comprensión sobre el impacto de los huracanes y tratar de incentivar el establecimiento de monitoreos de los cambios del paisaje costero, ya que es la mejor forma de evaluar los impactos de estas tormentas. Aunque el impacto de los ciclones resiste generalizaciones amplias, se incluyen aspectos sobre dinámica histórica y asociación con eventos temporales y se detallan los efectos por resuspensión y traslado de sedimentos, impacto del oleaje y fragmentación de organismos del arrecife coralino. También se presentan brevemente algunos efectos sobre tortugas marinas y bosques costerosTropical coastal biodiversity has been modulated by tropical storms during a long time and it is currently facing a heavy human impact. The purpose of this review is to compile the available information to improve our understanding of hurricane impacts and to promote the establishment of coastal landscape monitoring, because that is the best way to assess these impacts. Although generalizations on hurricane effects are elusive, some historical dynamics and temporal relationships are included and some details are presented on the impacts by resuspension and movement of sediments, storm waves, and breaking off of coral reef organisms. Some effects on marine turtles and coastal forests are also briefly pointed out

Contribución al conocimiento sobre la Taxonomía, distribución geográfica y ecología de la Tortuga "Bache" (Chelydra Serpentina Acutirostris Contribución al conocimiento sobre la Taxonomía, distribución geográfica y ecología de la Tortuga "Bache" (Chelydra Serpentina Acutirostris

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Medem Federico

1977-12-01

Full Text Available 1. Studies on the external morphological characters of Chelydra serpentina acutirostris are presented, the principal scope of which contributes to the knowledge about the taxonomic status of this form considered as a valid subspecies.2. These characteristics are compared with those of the other three subspecies, principally with Chelydra serpentina rossignonii.3. Based on 18 specimens of acutirostris, mainly from Colombia, and 16 of rossignonii, mainly from Honduras, certain characters are re-evaluated.4. The type specimens of the four living representatives of the genus Chelydra, commonly known as "Snapping Turtles", are as follows:a Chelydra serpentina serpentina (Linnaeus, 1758.Holotype: Originally deposited at the Museum Adolphi FridericiRegis (Museum Drottningholmense, according to the Prodromus Stockholm, 1764, tom. II, p. 16, but presently lost (fide Andersson, 1900, pp. 4, 23.b Chelydra serpentina acutirostris Peters, 1962.Holotype: ZBM 4500, hatchling, vicinity of Guayaquil, Ecuador,Carl Reiss.c Chelydra serpentina rossignonii (Bocourt, 1868.Syntypes: MNHNP 1501, 1501 A, hatchlings, swamp of Panzos,vicinity of Rio Polochic, Guatemala, and MNHNP 1230, hatchling,Mexico, without exact locality, datum and collectors.d Chelydra serpentina osceola Stejneger, 1918.Holotype: USNM 10369, Clearwater, Pinellas County, Florida,United States, September, 1879, S. T. Walker.5. A redescription of the holotype of acutirostris is presented, and comparisons with the syntypes of rossignonii made.6. Unfortunately, either the holotype or the syntypes all were described from hatchlings, many of the external morphological characters of which are markedly different from those of adults.7. Certain external characters which are traditionally considered as constant in the keys of classification, although in reality they are not, but rather show a considerable variation, therefore they are of no taxonomic value in relation to an exact subspecific classification.8. It is proposed to change the text of the existing keys as follows:a Chelydra serpentina acutirostris.Length of anterior and lateral marginal shields equal to width injuveniles, markedly greater than width in subadults and adults; epidermal protuberances of nucal-cervical region few and short, rounded and blunt; sub-mandibular barbels from a single to three pairs (2.6 barbels ; gular shield divided; bridge covered by three infra-marginal shields in almost all specimens; snout narrow and pointed, extends markedly over the tip of mandible.b Chelydra serpentina rossignonii. Length of anterior and lateral marginal shields greater than width in adults and juveniles; epidermal protuberances of nucal-cervicalregion abundant and large, flat and pointed; sub-mandibular barbels in two pairs (4 barbels in most specimens; gular shield divided; bridge covered by three infra-marginal shields in virtually all specimens;  snout narrow and pointed, extends markedly over tip of mandible.9. As shown, there is only one easily discernible external character for distinguishing acutirostris from rossignonii: The configuration of the epidermal nucal-cervical protuberances. The relation between the length and width of the marginals -not constant in acutirostris, but constant in rossignonii- may also serve to a certain degree for distinction; however, they are not easily discernible since the corresponding measurements of each shield have to be taken.10. Chelydra serpentina serpentina and serpentina osceola differ to a certain extent from acutirostris and rossignonii by configuration of snout, length of bridge, number of infra-marginals, and the presence of an entire gular shield in most specimens.11. The epidermal protuberances are short, rounded and blunt in serpentina, but large, flat and pointed in osceola (first mentioned by Richmond, 1958, p. 42.12. The validity of the taxonomic status is discussed. Boulenger (1902 and Vaillant (1911 did not accept acutirostris as a valid subspecies because the name was "not accompanied by an adequate description", and therefore used the name of rossignonii. The description given by Peters (op. cit., p.627 is certainly not adequate; possibly he considered acutirostris as a mere variety since he wrote: "Chelydra serpentina var. acutirostris", Carr (1952, p. 71 considered osceola as "a weakly differenciated subspecies"; in contrast,Richmond (op. cit., p. 43 even took it for a valid species on the base of comparative anatomical studies.13. We prefer to agree with Carr, and think that it would be more realistic to consider the four forms of the genus Chelydra as local populations ("demes" rather than as good subspecies, in accordance to our present and still scattered knowledge.14. The following data on the ecology and geographical distribution are given:15. The habitat of acutirostris consists of quiet waters, such as swamps, marshes, ponds and lagoons; it also lives in the headwaters of rivers and creeks either in the tropical rain forests or in the open valleys (which certainly were covered by abundant gallery forests in past times.16. No sexual dimorphism exists, but the ♂♂ grow larger than the ♀♀.17. From observations made of specimens kept in captivity, periods of sexual activity take place in June, July and November.18. The egg-laying season takes place in February in the area of lower Río Atrato (Chocó; data from other regions are unknown.19. About 27 - 30 either spherical or slightly ovoid hard-shelled eggs are laid in excavations made by the ♀ close to the waters. They measure between 3.5-3.3 and 3.9-3.2 centimeters; the weight was not taken.20. The geographical distribution of acutirostris ranges from Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia into north-western Ecuador; the approximate limit to the south comprises the Guayas River System.21. The exact limits of distribution -if any- of either acutirostris or rossignonii in Central America are unknown; as is true for osceola and serpentina in northern Florida (Carr, op. cit., an overlapping zone possibly exists somewhere in Nicaragua or Costa Rica.22. In Colombia, acutirostris -locally known as "la bache"- is to be found within the following areas:a Along the Pacific coast between Bahía de Solano (Chocó] and Río Mataje (Nariño which latter forms the border with Ecuador.b In the Cauca Valley proper (Cauca and Valle.c In the region of Armenia (Quindío into which it evidently migrated from the Cauca Valley. Its migration into the Magdalena River System is blocked either by the Cañón del Cauca, a gorge situated between the Cordillera Occidental and Central, or by the western slopes of the Quindío Mountains which belong to the Cordillera Central.d On the Atlantic sector of the Chocó, between Caño Negro, Río Tanela, lower Río Atrato and its tributary, Río Truandó, as well as Río Nercua, an affluent of the latter. Its presence on the middle and upper reaches of the Atrato is not proved but can be suspected.e On the upper Rio Sinú (Córdoba, between Caño Juí in the vicinity of the village Tierralta and Río Manso, the uppermost tributary of the Sinú.23. No studies exist about its presence between the eastern shore of the Gulf of Urabá or Darién and Rio Sinú, but certainly it once migrated from the Chocó into the latter.24. The center of evolution of the genus Chelydra apparently was situated in the United States, from where the migration took place during the Terciary. Fossils are known from the Pleistocene of the United States (Carr, op. cit., but no fossil material was described from Colombia until now.25. Many more studies, carried out with large series of adults of both sexes, juveniles, and especially with living specimens, are badly needed in order to clarify the still remaining problems concerning the taxonomy, ecology and geographical distribution of acutirostris and rossignonii.1º Se presenta un estudio sobre Chelydra serpentina acutirostris, dando énfasis a las características morfológicas externas, con el fin de contribuir al conocimiento sobre el estado taxonómico de esta subespecie.2º Se compara estas características con las de las demás subespecies del género Chelydra, y especialmente con Chelydra serpentina rossignonii, procedente de la América Central.3º Se hace una redescripción del holótipo de acutirostris (ZMB 4500 en comparación con los tres síntipos de rossignonii (MNHNP 1501, MNHNP 1501 A y MNHNP 1230.4º Resulta que tanto el holótipo como los síntipos han sido descritos a base de ejemplares recién nacidos, muchas de las características morfológicas externas son diferentes de las de los adultos.5º A base de 18 ejemplares de acutirostris, procedentes en su gran mayoría de Colombia, y 16 de rossignonii, procedentes principalmente de Honduras, ciertos caracteres externos son críticamente evaluados.6º En acutirostris, el número de las bárbulas submandibulares varía entre uno solo y tres (3 pares, es decir, de 2 a 6 bárbulas individuales.7º En cambio, la gran mayoría de los ejemplares de rossignonii tiene dos (2 pares de bárbulas, es decir, 4 individuales,8º Las protuberancias epidermales situadas en la región nucal-cervical son pocas, redondeadas y romas en acutirostris; en cambio, abundantes, planas y puntiagudas en rossignonii.9º El número de las placas inframarginales del puente, el cual conecta el plastron con el carapax, son tres (3 en la mayoría de los ejemplares, tanto en acutirostris como en rossignonii.10. Comparando las otras dos subespecies, procedentes de los Estados Unidos, las protuberancias epidermales nucal-cervicales son redondeadas y romas en Chelydra serpentina serpentina, y planas y puntiagudas en Chelydra serpentina osceola.11. El puente en serpentine y osceola es más corto que en acutirostris y rossignonii, y está cubierto por dos placas inframarginales solamente en la gran mayoría de los especímenes.12. En todos los ejemplares de acutirostris y rossignonii se encontraron dos (2 placas gulares; en cambio la mayoría de los especímenes de serpentina y osceola tiene la placa gular entera.13. No se encontro una diferencia perceptible respecto a la forma de la cabeza y, especialmente, del hocico de acutirostris y rossignonii; es puntiagudo y sobresaliente en ambas; en cambio el hocico de serpentina y osceola es más corto y romo que en las dos subespecies tropicales, aún en los juveniles.14. Las escamas salientes y encrestadas, situadas en tres (3 hileras en la cola, varían individualmente respecto a su forma y cantidad; no representan ningún carácter subespecífico para distinguir acutirostris de rossignonii.15. Las relaciones entre la longitud y el ancho de las placas marginales que bordean el carapax, tampoco tienen caracteres constantes en acutirostris es igual al ancho en los juveniles pero notablemente mayor que el ancho en losadultos.16. En cambio, la longitud de las marginales es mayor que el ancho en los juveniles y adultos de rossignonii.17. Se discute el estado taxonómico de las cuatro (4 formas del género Chelydra, con énfasis en acutirostris. Tanto Boulenger (1902 como Vaillant (1911 consideraron ésta como una subespecie no válida por "no estar acompañadapor una descripción adecuada", y usaron el nombre de rossignonii.  Igualmente, Carr (1952 consideró a osceola como "una subespecie débilmente definida", mientras Richmond (1958, a base de estudios anatómicos comparados, está convencido que representa no solamente una subespecie sino una especie válida.18. Estamos de acuerdo con Carr, por razón de que la mayoría de los caracteres, considerados como constantes y por eso de valor taxonómico, no lo son. Para distinguir acutirostris de rossignonii existe un solo carácter morfológico externo fácilmente discernible: la configuración de las protuberancias epidermales nucal-cervicales.  El número de las bárbulas submandibulares es muy variable en acutirostris pero más constante en rossignonii, mientras la relación entre la longitud y el ancho de las marginales es constante en rossignonii pero no en acutirostris; además, no es fácilmente discernible, sino hay que tomar las dimensiones correspondientes.19. se propone un cambio del texto de las claves de determinación taxonómica para acutirostris y rossignonii.20. Se llega a la conclusión que las cuatro (4 formas de Chelydra no representan subespecies bien definidas, sino más bien populaciones locales ("demes" .21. El habitat de acutirostris consiste en las aguas mansas; su nicho ecológico, sin embargo, no está estrechamente restringido. Vive tanto en las lagunas, pozos y cabeceras de los caños dentro del habitat denominado como "selva tropical pluvial", como en los inmensos esteros de la costa del Pacífico y en los lagos y remansos de los valles abiertos (los cuales, posibleme han sido cubiertos parcialmente por bosques en los tiempos pasados.22. No existe un dimorfismo sexual discernible, en contraste con la mayoría de las demás Testudines; sin embargo, los ♂♂ crecen más grandes que las ♀♀.23. La época de celo se efectúa en junio, julio y noviembre, según las observaciones hechas con ejemplares mantenidos en cautividad.24. El período de anidación se efectúa en febrero en el bajo Atrato (Chocó; faltan los datos correspondientes de las demás regiones.25. Se encontraron hasta 27 huevos de forma circular o ligeramente ovaloide; miden de 3.5 - 3.3 cm a 3.9 - 3.2 cm. No se tomó el peso.26. La distribución geográfica de Chelydra serpentina acutirostris abarca el área entre Costa Rica, Panamá, Colombia y el Ecuador. El limite aproximado hacia el sur es la hoya del río Guayas, que desemboca en la bahia de Guayaquil.27. En Colombia se encuentra en las siguientes areas:a La costa del Pacífico, desde el río Valle (Chocó hasta el río Mataje (Nariño, situado en la frontera entre Colombia y Ecuador.b El Valle del Cauca propiamente dicho.c La region de Armenia (Quindío. Su migración hacia la hoya del Magdalena está inhibida por dos (2 barreras naturales: el cañón del Cauca y la vertiente occidental del Quindío.d En la región occidental del golfo de Urabá (Chocó y en el bajo Atrato y sus afluentes.e En el alto Sinú (Córdoba, desde el caño Juí hasta el río Manso.28. El género Chelydra tenía su centro de evolución en el norte, de donde ha migrado hacia el sur durante el período del Terciario.  Fósiles de acutirostris, procedentes de Colombia, son todavía desconocidos.

Hermit crab (Decapoda, Anomura attraction to dead gastropod baits in an infralittoral algae bank

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juarez C. B. Pezzuti

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Hermit crabs use gastropod shells as shelter and are adapted to follow chemical cues released from tissues of dead or injured gastropods as a way to find new and more adequate shells. The species composition, crab size, shell types adequacy and physical condition were compared between attracted individuals and crabs collected in previous samples. The previous sampling was carried out in five areas before each experiment. Then, five baits of crushed gastropods in nylon net bags were installed in these areas. Three samples were taken at 30min intervals, capturing all crabs within a circle of 60cm diameter. Attraction of hermit crabs was tested for four different gastropod baits to verify specificity of the chemical cues. Clibanarius antillensis, Pagurus brevidactylus and Paguristes tortugae were collected in the study area. Pagurus brevidactylus, the smallest species, turned out to be more attracted than the 2 other species. The results showed that attracted crabs utilized more gastropod shell types than that collected in previous samples, however shell utilization pattern did not differ between them. Attracted animals were slightly smaller (shield length than those collected in the previous samples but did not present significant differences in shell adequacy and condition. The four experimental baits attracted the crabs in similar ways not indicating a specific response from the crabs. The fact that attracted animals were smaller suggested that the attraction to dead gastropods might enable the acquisition of a new and larger shell and, consequently, chains of shell exchange between the attracted crabs.Ermitões utilizam conchas de gastrópodes para abrigo. Conchas novas e mais adequadas podem ser encontradas pelos ermitões pois estes são atraídos por substâncias químicas liberadas pelos tecidos de gastrópodes feridos ou mortos. A adequação, condição e tipo das conchas e a composição de espécies e o tamanho dos ermitões foram

Invasive vertebrate species in Chile and their control and monitoring by governmental agencies Especies de vertebrados invasores en Chile y su control y monitoreo por agencias gubernamentales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. AGUSTÍN IRIARTE

2005-03-01

Entregamos una revisión del estado actual de las especies de vertebrados invasores en Chile, actualizando información sobre las especies exóticas terrestres y documentando la situación de las especies exóticas de peces dulceacuícolas. Además, revisamos la legislación pertinente y los programas que el gobierno chileno ha implementado para limitar la entrada de especies exóticas al país o para minimizar su impacto sobre la flora y fauna nativas y los ecosistemas naturales. Documentamos lo que se conoce sobre la introducción de 26 especies exóticas de peces a las aguas continentales de Chile, discutiendo la distribución y efectos putativos de 11 especies que pueden considerarse invasivas. De la lista previa de 24 especies invasoras de vertebrados terrestres, nosotros retiramos la tortuga argentina (Chelonoidis chilensis, el reno (Rangifer tarandus y el muflón (Ovis ammon, porque no hay evidencias de que hayan logrado asilvestrarse. Por otra parte, agregamos la tortuga dulceacuícola de orejas rojas (Trachemys scripta, la cotorra argentina (Myiopsitta monachus y el cardenal de cresta roja (Paraoria coronata, manteniéndose así el total de invasoras constante en 24 especies. La principal agencia a cargo de implementar las leyes y regulaciones existentes con respecto a la importación de especies exóticas de peces es el Servicio Nacional de Pesca (SERNAPESCA, una dependencia del Ministerio de Economía. La principal agencia a cargo de aplicar las leyes y regulaciones vigentes sobre la importación de especies exóticas terrestres a Chile es el Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero (SAG, una dependencia del Ministerio de Agricultura. Actualmente, el SAG no solo controla los pasos fronterizos, puertos y aeropuertos de Chile, sino también financia estudios para monitorear y controlar los invasores ya presentes en el país. Además, la Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF también se involucra con especies invasoras, pero solo si ellas entran al Sistema Nacional de �

Using coral Ba/Ca records to investigate seasonal to decadal scale biogeochemical cycling in the surface and intermediate ocean.

Science.gov (United States)

LaVigne, M.; Cobb, K. M.; DeLong, K. L.; Freiberger, M. M.; Grottoli, A. G.; Hill, T. M.; Miller, H. R.; Nurhati, I. S.; Richey, J. N.; Serrato Marks, G.; Sherrell, R. M.

2016-12-01

Dissolved barium (BaSW), a bio-intermediate element, is linked to several biogeochemical processes such as the cycling and export of nutrients, organic carbon (Corg), and barite in surface and intermediate oceans. Dynamic BaSW cycling has been demonstrated in the water column on short timescales (days-weeks) while sedimentary records have documented geologic-scale changes in barite preservation driven by export production. Our understanding of how seasonal-decadal scale climate variability impacts these biogeochemical processes currently lacks robust records. Ba/Ca calibrations in surface and deep sea corals suggest barium is incorporated via cationic substitution in both aragonite and calcite. Here we demonstrate the utility of Ba/Ca for reconstructing biogeochemical variability using examples of surface and deep sea coral records. Century-long deep sea coral records from the California Current System (bamboo corals: 900-1500m) record interannual variations in Ba/Ca, likely reflecting changes in barite formation via bacterial Corg respiration or barite saturation state. A surface Porites coral Ba/Ca record from Christmas Island (central equatorial Pacific: 1978-1995) shows maxima during low productivity El Niño warm periods, suggesting that variations in BaSW are driven by biological removal via direct cellular uptake or indirectly via barite precipitation with the decomposition of large phytoplankton blooms at this location. Similarly, a sixteen-year long Siderastera siderea surface coral record from Dry Tortugas, FL (Gulf of Mexico: 1991-2007) shows seasonal Ba/Ca cycles that align with annual chlorophyll and δ13C. Taken together, these records demonstrate the linkages among Corg, nutrient cycling and BaSW in the surface and intermediate ocean on seasonal to decadal timescales. Multi-proxy paleoceanographic reconstructions including Ba/Ca have the potential to elucidate the mechanisms linking past climate, productivity, nutrients, and BaSW cycling in the past.

Mollusk and tortoise size as proxies for stone age population density in South Africa : Implications for the evolution of human cultural capacity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teresa E. Steele

2005-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación sobre las capacidades cognitivas y los comportamientos culturales totalmente humanos ha florecido en los ultimos años. En el presente documento nos centraremos en distinguir los dos modelos mejor descritos. El primero establece la hipótesis de que se produjo un abrupto desarrollo del comportamiento del humano totalmente moderno hace aproximadamente 50.000 años, en la transición entre el paleolitico medio (PM al paleolítico tardío (PT en Africa. El segundo propone una acumulación gradual de rasgos conductuales avanzados dentro de la PM (250.000-50.000 años que acaban fusionándose en la PT. Las alternativas varían en la relación propuesta entre la densidad de población y el cambio cultural dentro de la PM, lo que permite realizar una prueba con el registro arqueológico de Sudáfrica. En el Modelo Abrupto y tardío, la densidad de poblacion de la PM debería ser por lo general inferior a la de PT y no debería existir ninguna tendencia hacia mayores densidades de población durante la PM. En el modelo de acumulación gradual, la densidad de población humana debería crecer durante la PM. al ritmo del desarrollo gradual o poco sistemático de los comportamientos avanzados que se supone que mejoran la reproducción y la supervivencia. Las densidades de las poblaciones humanas del pasado resultan imposibles de calcular, aunque los cambios en los tamaños de los moluscos marinos y de las tortugas nos sirven para hacer un seguimiento de los cambios de densidad a lo largo del tiempo

Demographic evidence of illegal harvesting of an endangered asian turtle.

Science.gov (United States)

Sung, Yik-Hei; Karraker, Nancy E; Hau, Billy C H

2013-12-01

Harvesting pressure on Asian freshwater turtles is severe, and dramatic population declines of these turtles are being driven by unsustainable collection for food markets, pet trade, and traditional Chinese medicine. Populations of big-headed turtle (Platysternon megacephalum) have declined substantially across its distribution, particularly in China, because of overcollection. To understand the effects of chronic harvesting pressure on big-headed turtle populations, we examined the effects of illegal harvesting on the demography of populations in Hong Kong, where some populations still exist. We used mark-recapture methods to compare demographic characteristics between sites with harvesting histories and one site in a fully protected area. Sites with a history of illegal turtle harvesting were characterized by the absence of large adults and skewed ratios of juveniles to adults, which may have negative implications for the long-term viability of populations. These sites also had lower densities of adults and smaller adult body sizes than the protected site. Given that populations throughout most of the species' range are heavily harvested and individuals are increasingly difficult to find in mainland China, the illegal collection of turtles from populations in Hong Kong may increase over time. Long-term monitoring of populations is essential to track effects of illegal collection, and increased patrolling is needed to help control illegal harvesting of populations, particularly in national parks. Because few, if any, other completely protected populations remain in the region, our data on an unharvested population of big-headed turtles serve as an important reference for assessing the negative consequences of harvesting on populations of stream turtles. Evidencia Demográfica de la Captura Ilegal de una Tortuga Asiática en Peligro. © 2013 Society for Conservation Biology.

Arquitectura y Símbolo. Iconografía de la Catedral de Málaga.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marina Castilla Ortega

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Voy a centrarme en este discurso de la Dra. Camacho, probablemente uno de los más emblemáticos de toda su trayectoria. Fue leído el día 24 de septiembre de 1987 durante su recepción académica en la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Telmo de Málaga con el deseo expreso de homenajear al padre Andrés Llordén, a quien sucedió tras su fallecimiento en dicha institución, enlazándolo, de este modo, con sus estudios sobre la Catedral. Al mismo tiempo, quiso conmemorar una fecha tan importante para la ciudad, como fue el Quinto Centenario de su adhesión a la Corona de Castilla, en 1487. Con su discurso, la Dra. Camacho desarrolló una lectura de la Catedral mediante la conexión entre forma, imagen y símbolo. Además, con el rigor científico y la claridad expositiva que la caracterizan, realizó un minucioso y amplio recorrido de la misma, tanto histórico como arquitectónico, desde el siglo XV al XIX, haciendo recuento de los interventores más importantes en su configuración, junto con otras curiosidades, como el proyecto de planta utópica en forma de concha de tortuga del Canónigo Bolea y Sintas (siglo XIX. Así mismo, para esta investigación pretendió esclarecer cuestiones sobre sus orígenes, edificación y autoría, por lo que su estudio podría calificarse de inédito, para lo cual se apoyó en un importante y variado legado documental.

REPRODUCCIÓN DE Trachemys callirostris callirostris(EMYDIDAE EN AMBIENTES GENERADOS POR LA MINERÍA EN LA GUAJIRA, COLOMBIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cindy Leguizamo Pardo

2014-09-01

Full Text Available La tortuga hicotea (Trachemys callirostris callirostris es una subespecie sometida a una alta extracción en Colombia, de la cual no se conoce nada sobre su reproducción en zonas altamente alteradas con bajo impacto por la cacería. Para ello, en tres ambientes acuáticos generados por la minería de carbón en la mina del Cerrejón, departamento de La Guajira, estudiamos algunas características reproductivas de la hicotea durante el periodo reproductivo de 2011 (marzo a junio. Solamente en las lagunas de estabilización registramos un éxito de eclosión positivo (56,9 %. En el embalse de minería, la tasa de depredación de 100 % fue el factor limitante del éxito de eclosión, por lo que recomendamos el aislamiento de los nidos del principal depredador (zorro patón: Procyon cancrivorus y el traslado de nidadas para su incubación ex-situ. La baja anidación registrada en la zona rehabilitada pudo haberse debido a una extracción de hembras adultas, a factores limitantes del hábitat que influyen en el crecimiento de los individuos, o por factores de tipo demográfico. Las diferentes variables estudiadas a nivel de los huevos y los neonatos en los tres sectores, evidencian la posibilidad de que las hembras anidantes posean tamaños mayores que las de otras poblaciones de Colombia sometidas a la cacería. Sin embargo, para establecer el grado de variación geográfica, es necesario determinar la variación temporal de las características reproductivas en la población del Cerrejón.

Monitoring an alien invasion: DNA barcoding and the identification of lionfish and their prey on coral reefs of the Mexican Caribbean.

Science.gov (United States)

Valdez-Moreno, Martha; Quintal-Lizama, Carolina; Gómez-Lozano, Ricardo; García-Rivas, María Del Carmen

2012-01-01

In the Mexican Caribbean, the exotic lionfish Pterois volitans has become a species of great concern because of their predatory habits and rapid expansion onto the Mesoamerican coral reef, the second largest continuous reef system in the world. This is the first report of DNA identification of stomach contents of lionfish using the barcode of life reference database (BOLD). We confirm with barcoding that only Pterois volitans is apparently present in the Mexican Caribbean. We analyzed the stomach contents of 157 specimens of P. volitans from various locations in the region. Based on DNA matches in the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) and GenBank, we identified fishes from five orders, 14 families, 22 genera and 34 species in the stomach contents. The families with the most species represented were Gobiidae and Apogonidae. Some prey taxa are commercially important species. Seven species were new records for the Mexican Caribbean: Apogon mosavi, Coryphopterus venezuelae, C. thrix, C. tortugae, Lythrypnus minimus, Starksia langi and S. ocellata. DNA matches, as well as the presence of intact lionfish in the stomach contents, indicate some degree of cannibalism, a behavior confirmed in this species by the first time. We obtained 45 distinct crustacean prey sequences, from which only 20 taxa could be identified from the BOLD and GenBank databases. The matches were primarily to Decapoda but only a single taxon could be identified to the species level, Euphausia americana. This technique proved to be an efficient and useful method, especially since prey species could be identified from partially-digested remains. The primary limitation is the lack of comprehensive coverage of potential prey species in the region in the BOLD and GenBank databases, especially among invertebrates.

Monitoring an alien invasion: DNA barcoding and the identification of lionfish and their prey on coral reefs of the Mexican Caribbean.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martha Valdez-Moreno

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: In the Mexican Caribbean, the exotic lionfish Pterois volitans has become a species of great concern because of their predatory habits and rapid expansion onto the Mesoamerican coral reef, the second largest continuous reef system in the world. This is the first report of DNA identification of stomach contents of lionfish using the barcode of life reference database (BOLD. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We confirm with barcoding that only Pterois volitans is apparently present in the Mexican Caribbean. We analyzed the stomach contents of 157 specimens of P. volitans from various locations in the region. Based on DNA matches in the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD and GenBank, we identified fishes from five orders, 14 families, 22 genera and 34 species in the stomach contents. The families with the most species represented were Gobiidae and Apogonidae. Some prey taxa are commercially important species. Seven species were new records for the Mexican Caribbean: Apogon mosavi, Coryphopterus venezuelae, C. thrix, C. tortugae, Lythrypnus minimus, Starksia langi and S. ocellata. DNA matches, as well as the presence of intact lionfish in the stomach contents, indicate some degree of cannibalism, a behavior confirmed in this species by the first time. We obtained 45 distinct crustacean prey sequences, from which only 20 taxa could be identified from the BOLD and GenBank databases. The matches were primarily to Decapoda but only a single taxon could be identified to the species level, Euphausia americana. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This technique proved to be an efficient and useful method, especially since prey species could be identified from partially-digested remains. The primary limitation is the lack of comprehensive coverage of potential prey species in the region in the BOLD and GenBank databases, especially among invertebrates.

Monitoring an Alien Invasion: DNA Barcoding and the Identification of Lionfish and Their Prey on Coral Reefs of the Mexican Caribbean

Science.gov (United States)

Valdez-Moreno, Martha; Quintal-Lizama, Carolina; Gómez-Lozano, Ricardo; García-Rivas, María del Carmen

2012-01-01

Background In the Mexican Caribbean, the exotic lionfish Pterois volitans has become a species of great concern because of their predatory habits and rapid expansion onto the Mesoamerican coral reef, the second largest continuous reef system in the world. This is the first report of DNA identification of stomach contents of lionfish using the barcode of life reference database (BOLD). Methodology/Principal Findings We confirm with barcoding that only Pterois volitans is apparently present in the Mexican Caribbean. We analyzed the stomach contents of 157 specimens of P. volitans from various locations in the region. Based on DNA matches in the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) and GenBank, we identified fishes from five orders, 14 families, 22 genera and 34 species in the stomach contents. The families with the most species represented were Gobiidae and Apogonidae. Some prey taxa are commercially important species. Seven species were new records for the Mexican Caribbean: Apogon mosavi, Coryphopterus venezuelae, C. thrix, C. tortugae, Lythrypnus minimus, Starksia langi and S. ocellata. DNA matches, as well as the presence of intact lionfish in the stomach contents, indicate some degree of cannibalism, a behavior confirmed in this species by the first time. We obtained 45 distinct crustacean prey sequences, from which only 20 taxa could be identified from the BOLD and GenBank databases. The matches were primarily to Decapoda but only a single taxon could be identified to the species level, Euphausia americana. Conclusions/Significance This technique proved to be an efficient and useful method, especially since prey species could be identified from partially-digested remains. The primary limitation is the lack of comprehensive coverage of potential prey species in the region in the BOLD and GenBank databases, especially among invertebrates. PMID:22675470

The EBM-DPSER conceptual model: integrating ecosystem services into the DPSIR framework.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christopher R Kelble

Full Text Available There is a pressing need to integrate biophysical and human dimensions science to better inform holistic ecosystem management supporting the transition from single species or single-sector management to multi-sector ecosystem-based management. Ecosystem-based management should focus upon ecosystem services, since they reflect societal goals, values, desires, and benefits. The inclusion of ecosystem services into holistic management strategies improves management by better capturing the diversity of positive and negative human-natural interactions and making explicit the benefits to society. To facilitate this inclusion, we propose a conceptual model that merges the broadly applied Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response (DPSIR conceptual model with ecosystem services yielding a Driver, Pressure, State, Ecosystem service, and Response (EBM-DPSER conceptual model. The impact module in traditional DPSIR models focuses attention upon negative anthropomorphic impacts on the ecosystem; by replacing impacts with ecosystem services the EBM-DPSER model incorporates not only negative, but also positive changes in the ecosystem. Responses occur as a result of changes in ecosystem services and include inter alia management actions directed at proactively altering human population or individual behavior and infrastructure to meet societal goals. The EBM-DPSER conceptual model was applied to the Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas marine ecosystem as a case study to illustrate how it can inform management decisions. This case study captures our system-level understanding and results in a more holistic representation of ecosystem and human society interactions, thus improving our ability to identify trade-offs. The EBM-DPSER model should be a useful operational tool for implementing EBM, in that it fully integrates our knowledge of all ecosystem components while focusing management attention upon those aspects of the ecosystem most important to human society

The EBM-DPSER Conceptual Model: Integrating Ecosystem Services into the DPSIR Framework

Science.gov (United States)

Kelble, Christopher R.; Loomis, Dave K.; Lovelace, Susan; Nuttle, William K.; Ortner, Peter B.; Fletcher, Pamela; Cook, Geoffrey S.; Lorenz, Jerry J.; Boyer, Joseph N.

2013-01-01

There is a pressing need to integrate biophysical and human dimensions science to better inform holistic ecosystem management supporting the transition from single species or single-sector management to multi-sector ecosystem-based management. Ecosystem-based management should focus upon ecosystem services, since they reflect societal goals, values, desires, and benefits. The inclusion of ecosystem services into holistic management strategies improves management by better capturing the diversity of positive and negative human-natural interactions and making explicit the benefits to society. To facilitate this inclusion, we propose a conceptual model that merges the broadly applied Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response (DPSIR) conceptual model with ecosystem services yielding a Driver, Pressure, State, Ecosystem service, and Response (EBM-DPSER) conceptual model. The impact module in traditional DPSIR models focuses attention upon negative anthropomorphic impacts on the ecosystem; by replacing impacts with ecosystem services the EBM-DPSER model incorporates not only negative, but also positive changes in the ecosystem. Responses occur as a result of changes in ecosystem services and include inter alia management actions directed at proactively altering human population or individual behavior and infrastructure to meet societal goals. The EBM-DPSER conceptual model was applied to the Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas marine ecosystem as a case study to illustrate how it can inform management decisions. This case study captures our system-level understanding and results in a more holistic representation of ecosystem and human society interactions, thus improving our ability to identify trade-offs. The EBM-DPSER model should be a useful operational tool for implementing EBM, in that it fully integrates our knowledge of all ecosystem components while focusing management attention upon those aspects of the ecosystem most important to human society and does so within

La agrobiodiversidad en várzea y su función económica en la Amazonía Peruana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michelly Rios Arévalo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo tiene como objeto estudiar la práctica sostenible y la función económica de la agrobiodiversidad enlos ambientes más inestables de la várzea, las “playas” y “barreales”. El estudio fue realizado en siete comunidades del “Sector Muyuy” próximo a la ciudad de Iquitos en 2004. Este estudio también compara la agrobiodiversidad de una comunidad en 1999. La metodología usada es el mismo aplicado por el Proyecto “People, Land Management and Environmental Change” de la Universidad de las Naciones Unidas, que prioriza la experimentación, demostración y explicación de los sistemas agrícolas por los propios agricultores. Los resultados muestran que los sistemas agrícolas en playas y barreales varían según el tipo de sedimentación anual. En 2004 se promocionó el crédito agrícola para arroz. La agrobiodiversidad en playas y barreales fue constituida por 9 cultivos en1999 y 2 cultivos en 2004. La diversidad aumenta con los cultivos inundados por el rio, generando ambientes de protección y alimentación de diferentes peces y la tortuga cupiso. Los sistemas agrícolas empleados contienen estrategias de minimización del riesgo sobre el “pulso del rio”, utilizándose generalmente cultivos de corto periodo vegetativo en las áreas de mayor riesgo de inundación. Finalmente, la función económica de la agrobiodiversidad está direccionada al consumo y a la comercialización. La diversidad acuática genera un complemento económico para los agricultores.

Disputas marítimas en el Caribe colombiano: la pesca de tortugas en el archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia, 1910-1930

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sharika Crawford

2017-10-01

Full Text Available There has been a long history of turtle hunting in the Greater Caribbean, especially in Colombian waters around the archipelago of San Andrés and Providence. This article is focused on Colombia’s efforts to affirm its national borders and to strengthen its control over its territorial waters, and on how the new regulations that these measures entail affect turtle hunters in the Caribbean Sea. Using travel stories, newspapers from Jamaica, Colombia and the United States, as well as diplomatic correspondence, interviews and secondary sources, this study analyzes the national and regional implications of these problems. This makes it possible to conclude that the islanders, in the company of Colombian officials, attempted to defend their insular territory and its maritime borders against both real and imaginary threats. Their efforts were aimed at restricting the extraction of marine resources within the country’s territorial waters, as part of the government’s interest in reinforcing the integrity of the Colombian nation-state in the Caribbean.

A coral Sr/Ca calibration and replication study of two massive corals from the Gulf of Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

DeLong, Kristine L.; Flannery, Jennifer A.; Maupin, Christopher R.; Poore, Richard Z.; Quinn, Terrence M.

2011-01-01

This study examined the variations in the ratio of strontium-to-calcium (Sr/Ca) for two Atlantic corals (Montastraea faveolata and Siderastrea siderea) from the Dry Tortugas National Park (centered on 24.7°N, 82.8°W) in the Gulf of Mexico. Cores from coral colonies in close proximity (10s of meters) and with the same environmental conditions (i.e., depth and water chemistry) were micro-sampled with approximately monthly resolution and the resulting Sr/Ca variations were calibrated with local sea surface temperature (SST) records. Replication tests for coral Sr/Ca variations found high agreement between intra-colony variations and between individual colonies of S. siderea (a single M. faveolata colony was sampled). Regression analysis of monthly variations in coral Sr/Ca and local SST revealed significant correlation on monthly and inter-annual timescales. Verification of the calibration on different timescales found coral Sr/Ca–SST reconstructions in S. siderea were more accurate than those from M. faveolata, especially on inter-annual timescales. Sr/Ca–SST calibration equations for the two species are significantly different (cf., Sr/Ca = -0.042 SST + 10.070, S. siderea; Sr/Ca = -0.027 SST + 9.893, M. faveolata). Mean linear extension for M. faveolata is approximately twice that of S. siderea (4.63, 4.31, and 8.31 mm year−1, A1, F1, and B3, respectively); however, seasonal Sr/Ca variability in M. faveolata is less than S. siderea (0.323, 0.353, and 0.254 mmol mol−1, A1, F1, and B3, respectively). The reduced slope for M. faveolata is attributed to physical sampling issues associated with complex time-skeletal structure of M. faveolata, i.e., a sampling effect, and not a growth effect since the faster growing M. faveolata has the reduced Sr/Ca variability.

Commented distributional list of the Reptiles of Mauritania (West Africa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Padial, J. M.

2006-12-01

Full Text Available This is the first comprehensive review of the reptiles of Mauritania. It includes distributional information and comments. Mauritania harbors 86 species of reptiles belonging to 21 families. Among these families, Colubridae and Lacertidae are the most diverse, with 14 and 13 species respectively. Other families, such as Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Scincidae or Viperidae are also well represented. Among the 80 continental species, 47.5% are Saharan, 33.8% Afrotropical, 16.2% Sahelian and 2.5% Mediterranean. The marine turtles form another important group, with six species. Eight species are excluded from the country list because of old identification errors, there is not enough evidence of their presence or due to changes in political borders. Among the species expected to occur in Mauritania, at least nine may occur in Saharan environments, 13 in the Sahel savannah and two may have been introduced.

Esta es la primera lista de reptiles comentada con datos de distribución para la República Islámica de Mauritania. La fauna de reptiles de Mauritania se compone de 86 especies pertenecientes a 21 familias. Entres ellas, Colubridae y Lacertidae son las más diversas, con 14 y 13 especies respectivamente. Otras familias como Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Scincidae y Viperidae también son representativas. Entre las 80 especies continentales el 47.5% son de distribución sahariana, el 33.8% afrotropical, el 16.2% sahelianas y el 2.5% mediterráneas. Las tortugas marinas, con seis especies, es otro grupo importante. Ocho especies no han sido incluidas en la lista debido a que se trataba de viejos errores de identificación, por carecer de suficiente evidencia o debido a la redistribución de las viejas fronteras políticas. Entre las especies potencialmente presentes, al menos nueve de ellas se esperan para las zonas saharianas, trece para las sabanas del Sahel, y dos podrían haber sido introducidas.

Actividad reproductiva de Chelonia mydas (Testudines: Cheloniidae en Isla de Aves, Venezuela (2001-2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vicente Vera

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Isla de Aves, una isla a 650km de La Guaira, Venezuela, protegida como Refugio de Fauna Silvestre, constituye el segundo sitio de mayor anidación de la tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus 1758 en el Caribe. El seguimiento de la población comenzó en 1972 y de manera más continua desde 1978. Los datos históricos indican que la captura de hembras en la isla, afectó severamente la población hasta 1978, cuando fue construida una base científico-naval. Durante las temporadas de anidación entre 2001-2008 con excepción de 2003 y 2004, las hembras fueron marcadas con placas metálicas y medidas. Asimismo, se muestreó durante 458 noches, en donde se observaron 5 154 eventos, con un máximo de 53 por noche. Los posibles eventos no observados fueron calculados ajustando la distribución temporal de eventos observados a una curva normal. El total de eventos estimados varió de =637.1±106.6 en 2001 a =2 853±42.5 en 2008 (ANOVA F(6.5gl=60.37, p<0.0001. El intervalo entre reanidaciones fue de =10.7±1.32 días. La frecuencia de anidación se calculó en =1.71±1.6 veces por hembra. El número de hembras estimadas varió entre =373±12.5 para 2001 y =1 669±56.1 para 2008 (ANOVA F(5.6gl=89.42, p<0.0001. La tendencia es significativa (r=0.842, p=0.036. Los resultados indican que el número de hembras que anidan en Isla de Aves ha aumentado, y se sugiere que más de 30 años de protección del área de reproducción está resultando en un creciente número de hembras.

In situ measurement of inelastic light scattering in natural waters

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Chuanmin

Variation in the shape of solar absorption (Fraunhofer) lines are used to study the inelastic scattering in natural waters. In addition, oxygen absorption lines near 689nm are used to study the solar stimulated chlorophyll fluorescence. The prototype Oceanic Fraunhofer Line Discriminator (OFLD) has been further developed and improved by using a well protected fiber optic - wire conductor cable and underwater electronic housing. A Monte-Carlo code and a simple code have been modified to simulate the Raman scattering, DOM fluorescence and chlorophyll fluorescence. A series of in situ measurements have been conducted in clear ocean waters in the Florida Straits, in the turbid waters of Florida Bay, and in the vicinity of a coral reef in the Dry Tortugas. By comparing the reduced data with the model simulation results, the Raman scattering coefficient, b r with an excitation wavelength at 488nm, has been verified to be 2.6 × 10-4m-1 (Marshall and Smith, 1990), as opposed to 14.4 × 10- 4m-1 (Slusher and Derr, 1975). The wavelength dependence of b r cannot be accurately determined from the data set as the reported values (λ m-4 to λ m- 5) have an insignificant effect in the natural underwater light field. Generally, in clear water, the percentage of inelastic scattered light in the total light field at /lambda 510nm. At low concentrations (a y(/lambda = 380nm) less than 0.1m-1), DOM fluorescence plays a small role in the inelastic light field. However, chlorophyll fluorescence is much stronger than Raman scattering at 685nm. In shallow waters where a sea bottom affects the ambient light field, inelastic light is negligible for the whole visible band. Since Raman scattering is now well characterized, the new OFLD can be used to measure the solar stimulated in situ fluorescence. As a result, the fluorescence signals of various bottom surfaces, from coral to macrophytes, have been measured and have been found to vary with time possibly due to nonphotochemical quenching

AMDAR y PCR-extra-rápida para la identificación de la tortuga cabezona Caretta caretta (Testudines: Cheloniidae utilizando el gen mitocondrial citocromo c oxidasa I (COI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Lancheros-Piliego

2013-11-01

Full Text Available We molecularly identified the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta using high-speed PCR amplification and restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA. We isolated the DNA from blood from juvenile C. caretta from Don Diego beach (Magdalena; n=4, in Islas Del Rosario (Bolívar; n=2 in the Colombian Caribbean. By using high-speed PCR amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI, we reduced reaction by one third and obtained fragments of 650 base pairs. We analyzed the amplified IOC product using enzymes HindIII, HpyCH4III and MseI and generated an electrophoretic profile, which compared in silico to other sea turtle species sequences, revealed the loggerhead’s specific pattern. We found similarity between 97-99% with C. caretta in five of the BLAST analyzed nucleotide sequences and 92% in another. We generated a bar code for the sampled turtle information and sequences and stored them in the BOLD database. The ethodology described for the identification of C. caretta is a fast and inexpensive procedure that minimizes time and improves PCR specificity.

Características de la anidación de la tortuga verde Chelonia mydas (Testudinata, Cheloniidae en la playa Caleta de los Piojos, Cuba, a partir de marcaciones externas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ferrer Sánchez, Y.

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Nesting characteristics of the Green turtle Chelonia mydas (Testudinata, Cheloniidae at Caleta de los Piojos Beach, Cuba, determined from tagging studies Green turtle (Chelonia mydas females nesting during 2002 and 2003 nesting seasons at Caleta de los Piojos Beach, Cuba, were studied using data from individual tagging. Nesting occurred on average twice per season with a mean interval of 10.9 days. A high number of turtles nested only once per season (39% and 40% respectively. The percentage of failed multiple nesting attempts was high in both seasons. However, the percentage of failed attempts prior to the first nesting was higher in the 2003 season. Vegetation areas seem to be the most suitable sites for nesting and have a significant effect on nest-site selection behaviour. Fidelity to first nest-site was high, 50.3% and 72.9% respectively for 2002 and 2003. Observed mean clutch size (117 eggs was closely related to body dimensions.

Morphology and conservation of the mesoamerican slider (Trachemys venusta, Emydidae) from the Atrato River Basin, Colombia; Morfologia y conservacion de la tortuga Hicotea Mesoamericana (Trachemys venusta, Emydidae) del Rio Atrato, Colombia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ceballos, Claudia P; Brand, William A

2014-07-01

The phylogenetic relationships of the mesoamerican slider, Trachemys venusta that inhabits the Atrato River Basin of Colombia have been controversial as three different names have been proposed during the last 12 years: T. v. venusta, T. v. uhrigi, and T. ornate venusta. Using a group of sliders that was confiscated by the regional authority we compared the morphology of T venusta distributed in the Atrato River with the morphology of the subspecies putatively distributed in Colombia. We found that the Colombian mesoamerican slider has an overall smaller size, different plastral inter-scute seam formula, and different head, carapace and plastron coloration patterns. In addition, we also report the poor health condition of these individuals that have endured this illegal trade. We underscore an urgent need for further studies of individuals indigenous to Colombia to better understand the phylogenetic relationships of T. venusta throughout its distributional range, along with a more effective control of the illegal turtle trade in the Uraba Region of Colombia.

Population study of the Hawksbill Turtle eretmochelys imbricata (Cheloniidae) in the southern pacific region of Colombia; Estudio poblacional de la Tortuga Carey Eretmochelys imbricata (Cheloniidae) en el pacifico sur de Colombia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tobon Lopez, Alexander; Amorocho Llanos, Diego Fernando

2014-07-01

The objective of this research was to determine biological and ecological population characteristics of the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) found in the southern Colombian Pacific Department of Cauca. Morphometric measurements were recorded, the health status of individuals was reviewed, and blood samples were taken for a biochemistry assessment. During the seven months of the investigation, 25 hawksbill turtles were caught (16 different individuals) on the reefs of Gorgona Natural National Park. Forty-six percent of the total numbers of turtles assessed were recaptured during the study period. While no obvious health problems were noted, most animals possessed epibionts and filamentous algae covering the carapace, some parts of the limbs, as well as on their neck. Curved carapace length (CCL) showed the highest proportion of individuals were between 37 and 45 cm. Sixteen individuals captured in Gorgona Natural National Park were compared with 11 individuals captured in the coastal zone of the Department of Cauca. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, a significant difference in CCL was found between these two groups; the animals from Gorgona National Park were larger than those present on the coast of the mainland (Z = -2.59, p = 0.007). Uric acid concentrations were found to be higher than previously referenced values.

Efecto de actividades turísticas sobre el comportamiento de fauna representativa de las Islas Galápagos, Ecuador Short-term effects of tourism activities on the behavior of representative fauna on the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda González-Pérez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Fueron consideradas clave para actividades turísticas en 16 sitios de las Islas Galápagos: la raya sartén marmoleada (Taeniura meyeri, raya águila (Aetobatus narinari, tiburón de aleta blanca (Triaenodon obesus, tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas, cormorán no volador (Phalacrocorax harrisi y lobo marino de Galápagos (Zalophus califórnianus, con el objetivo de analizar reacciones a corto plazo ante actividades de buceo apnea o "snorkeling", buceo autónomo o "scuba", paseos en bote o "panga-ride" y caminatas. Para cada especie se documentó su comportamiento al momento del encuentro con los turistas y su reacción ante dicha situación. El uso del Análisis de Correspondencias reveló que el tipo de reacción de las especies depende significativamente de la actividad turística, a excepción de las rayas sartén marmoleada y águila. Asimismo, los análisis indican que, a nivel de especie, cada actividad turística estuvo asociada significativamente con reacciones animales particulares. Esto sugiere que las especies analizadas son sensibles ante determinadas actividades turísticas, por lo que se deberían implementar recomendaciones de manejo a fin de garantizar la sustentabilidad del ecoturismo.This study focused on the short-term reactions of six key species (Taeniura meyeri, Aetobatus narinari, Triaendon obesus, Chelonia mydas, Phalacrocorax harrisi, and Zalophus califórnianus during tourism activities (SCUBA diving, panga-ride, snorkeling, and hiking at 16 tourist sites on the islands. For each species we recorded its behavior when first encountering tourists and its reaction following this encounter. A Correspondence Analysis revealed that the type of reaction of the species depended significantly on the type of touristic activity, with the exception of the black spotted and eagle rays. Moreover, the analysis showed that, for each species, the different tourist activities were significantly associated with particular animal activities

Ultraestructura de la cáscara de huevos eclosionados y no eclosionados de Kinosternon angustipons (Testudinata: Kinosternidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Acuña-Mesén

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Se describe la ultraestructura de la cáscara de los huevos de Kinosternon angustipons y se compara con la de K. leucostomum y K. scorpioides. Esta investigación se realizó con cuatro huevos provenientes de tortugas en cautiverio, para una muestra de 30 secciones analizadas en el Microscopio Electrónico de Barrido. Está constituida por tres capas: la cutícula o externa, la calcárea o intermedia y la testácea o interna. La comparación entre huevos eclosionados y no eclosionados de K. angustipons muestra similitudes en cuanto a su superficie externa que es plana, unidades abanicadas y fibras proteicas superpuestas al azar. Los huevos no eclosionados se diferencian por la presencia de estructuras esponjoides y mayor porosidad externa. Los espacios con forma de punta de lanza y el adelgazamiento de las fibras proteicas son típicos en la capa calcárea y membrana testácea de los huevos eclosionados. La evidencia ultraestructural muestra que durante el desarrollo embrionario disminuye el grosor de la cáscara y, además que, la de los huevos no eclosionados de K. angustipons es más gruesa que la de los otros dos kinostérnidos costarricensesThe ultrastructure of eggshells of Kinosternon angustipons is described and compared with the ones of K. leucostomum and K. scorpioides. Four eggs from captive turtles (30 sections were studied with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM. The shell has three layers: cuticle or external, calcareous or intermediate and testacean or internal. Hatched and non hatched eggs have similar characteristics in their external surface: fanned units and proteic fibers superposed at random. They differ in the presence of spongelike structures and more external porosity in non hatched eggs. The intermediate and testacean layers of the hatched eggs have lance point like spaces and are thin in the proteic fibers. The ultrastructural evidence shows that during the embryonic development the thickness of the peel decreases. Non

The structure and composition of Holocene coral reefs in the Middle Florida Keys

Science.gov (United States)

Toth, Lauren T.; Stathakopoulos, Anastasios; Kuffner, Ilsa B.

2016-07-21

The Florida Keys reef tract (FKRT) is the largest coral-reef ecosystem in the continental United States. The modern FKRT extends for 362 kilometers along the coast of South Florida from Dry Tortugas National Park in the southwest, through the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS), to Fowey Rocks reef in Biscayne National Park in the northeast. Most reefs along the FKRT are sheltered by the exposed islands of the Florida Keys; however, large channels are located between the islands of the Middle Keys. These openings allow for tidal transport of water from Florida Bay onto reefs in the area. The characteristics of the water masses coming from Florida Bay, which can experience broad swings in temperature, salinity, nutrients, and turbidity over short periods of time, are generally unfavorable or “inimical” to coral growth and reef development.Although reef habitats are ubiquitous throughout most of the Upper and Lower Keys, relatively few modern reefs exist in the Middle Keys most likely because of the impacts of inimical waters from Florida Bay. The reefs that are present in the Middle Keys generally are poorly developed compared with reefs elsewhere in the region. For example, Acropora palmata has been the dominant coral on shallow-water reefs in the Caribbean over the last 1.5 million years until populations of the coral declined throughout the region in recent decades. Although A. palmata was historically abundant in the Florida Keys, it was conspicuously absent from reefs in the Middle Keys. Instead, contemporary reefs in the Middle Keys have been dominated by occasional massive (that is, boulder or head) corals and, more often, small, non-reef-building corals.Holocene reef cores have been collected from many locations along the FKRT; however, despite the potential importance of the history of reefs in the Middle Florida Keys to our understanding of the environmental controls on reef development throughout the FKRT, there are currently no published

Notes on the zoogeography of the Atlantic sea turtles of the genus Lepidochelys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Archie Carr

2002-06-01

Full Text Available The sea turtle Lepidochelys kempi has an extensive range in coastal waters of the United States, and in parts of Florida is abundant as a seasonal resident. All known populations are sexually immature, and the breeding area of the species is not known. The present paper suggests the necessity of assuming a distant origin for the North American population, examines fragmentary evidence bearing on the coronary assumption of migratory movement, and somewhat hesitantly proposes the coast of northwestern Africa as a possible site of nesting. Spreading into American waters may occur via the Gulf Stream system. New records extend the range of the genus to northern Mauretania and into the MediterraneanLa tortuga marina Lepidochelys kempi tiene amplia distribución en el litoral de los Estados Unidos, y abunda como visitante en la costa occidental de Florida, si bien en la costa oriental hay un trecho desde Melbourne hasta Miami en que no ha sido registrada. Tampoco ha sido registrada en las Bahamas ni en las Antillas, aunque un ejemplar recogido en Cuba, mencionado por AGUAYO (1 parece ser la especie africana L. olivacea, que se debe considerar como visitante y ocasional de esas islas; también existe por 10 menos un ejemplar registrado en las cercanías de Bermuda, y queda la posibilidad de que la "batalí" de Trinidad sea una u otra especie de Lepidochelys. L. olivacea, que se debe considerar como visitante y ocasional de esas islas; también existe por lo menos un ejemplar registrado en las cercanías de Bermuda, y queda la posibilidad de que la "batalí" de Trinidad sea una u otra especie de Lepidochelys. Todas las poblaciones conocidas en aguas norteamericanas son sexualmente inmaturas, y no se conoce el criadero de la especie. En este trabajo el autor sugiere la necesidad de suponer un punto de origen distante para estas poblaciones; examina los fragmentos disponibles de evidencia que apoyan la suposición corolaria de movimientos migratorios, y

camarón del Alto Golfo de California

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Homero R. Cabrera M.

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente la pesquería del camarón en el Alto Golfo de California genera preocupaciones referentes a su impacto sobre el medio ambiente, su viabilidad biológica y rentabilidad. Con el propósito de entender el manejo de esta pesquería y su productividad física, hemos examinado el comportamiento productivo de los barcos camaroneros de San Felipe, B.C. durante el periodo 1990-1993. Para ello usamos una función de producción frontera, flexible y no restringida, respecto a la cual estimamos la eficiencia técnica de cada una de las naves observadas. Nuestros resultados indican que la eficiencia promedio de la flota observada es del 80%, un valor de eficiencia cercano al mejor uso de la tecnología productiva y de los factores de la producción. Las naves más viejas resultaron menos eficientes, un resultado esperado; sin embargo, el tamaño de la cooperativa y calidad de su administración afectó positivamente los valores de eficiencia de las naves asociadas enmascarando con ello el efecto antes mencionado y favoreciendo el desarrollo de economías de escala. Los resultados indican también que el conocimiento acumulativo sobre la pesquería del camarón entre los productores es una variable importante, en términos de su efecto sobre la eficiencia productiva de las naves, mientras que la innovación tecnológica ha sido escasa, excepto por los excluidores de tortugas incorporados a su tecnología de captura durante 1996. Concluimos de nuestro análisis que la divulgación del conocimiento sobre la pesquería, como una variable social de cambio desincorporada a la función de producción, y el fortalecimiento de la calidad de los servicios administrativos, son dos aspectos fundamentales a promover para el desarrollo de esta pesquería. También argumentamos que la semejanza tecnológica y operativa entre ambas flotas, la de San Felipe, B.C. y el resto de la flota del camarón que pesca en el Golfo de California permite que nuestro an

Nesting ecology of the olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) (Cheloniidae) at el Valle Beach, northern pacific, Colombia; Ecologia de anidacion de la tortuga golfina (Lepidochelys olivacea) (Cheloniidae) en la Playa El Valle, pacifico norte, Colombia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barrientos Munoz, Karla G; Gallego, Cristian Ramirez; Paez, Vivian

2014-07-01

The olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) is the most common sea turtle to nest in Colombia. El valle beach is considered the most important nesting beach for this species in South America. Intensive direct capture of nesting females and egg poaching for consumption and local commercial purposes has been a common practice for years. We conducted an analysis of the nesting ecology of the olive ridley on el valle beach in the northern pacific of Colombia in 2008. A total of 164 clutches were transferred to an artificial hatchery for protection. The peak of nesting occurred from the second half of August until the end of September, accounting for 64.6 % of all nests. Along the beach, the section most frequently used was section 3, with 26 % of the nests. The nests were laid mainly in zone 3.69 %. We encountered 55 nesting females and marked 46 of them. Mean CCL was 64.9 ± 2.4 cm and mean CCW was 68.6 ± 2.6 cm. females laid on average of 87.3 ± 14.2 eggs per clutch. We recorded two nesting events per female, with a mean inter-nesting period of 18.8 ± 4.2 days. The reproductive output for the season was 181.5 ± 34.8 eggs / female. Mean hatching success was 81.1 ± 12.1 % and mean emergence success was 77.6 ± 12.7 %. The incubation period was 65 ± 4.7 days. Our study is a valuable contribution to knowledge of the reproductive ecology of the olive ridley population regionally and globally.

Quantifying uncertainty in coral Sr/Ca-based SST estimates from Orbicella faveolata: A basis for multi-colony SST reconstructions

Science.gov (United States)

Richey, J. N.; Flannery, J. A.; Toth, L. T.; Kuffner, I. B.; Poore, R. Z.

2017-12-01

The Sr/Ca in massive corals can be used as a proxy for sea surface temperature (SST) in shallow tropical to sub-tropical regions; however, the relationship between Sr/Ca and SST varies throughout the ocean, between different species of coral, and often between different colonies of the same species. We aimed to quantify the uncertainty associated with the Sr/Ca-SST proxy due to sample handling (e.g., micro-drilling or analytical error), vital effects (e.g., among-colony differences in coral growth), and local-scale variability in microhabitat. We examine the intra- and inter-colony reproducibility of Sr/Ca records extracted from five modern Orbicella faveolata colonies growing in the Dry Tortugas, Florida, USA. The average intra-colony absolute difference (AD) in Sr/Ca of the five colonies during an overlapping interval (1997-2008) was 0.055 ± 0.044 mmol mol-1 (0.96 ºC) and the average inter-colony Sr/Ca AD was 0.039 ± 0.01 mmol mol-1 (0.51 ºC). All available Sr/Ca-SST data pairs from 1997-2008 were combined and regressed against the HadISST1 gridded SST data set (24 ºN and 82 ºW) to produce a calibration equation that could be applied to O. faveolata specimens from throughout the Gulf of Mexico/Caribbean/Atlantic region after accounting for the potential uncertainties in Sr/Ca-derived SSTs. We quantified a combined error term for O. faveolata using the root-sum-square (RMS) of the analytical, intra-, and inter-colony uncertainties and suggest that an overall uncertainty of 0.046 mmol mol-1 (0.81 ºC, 1σ), should be used to interpret Sr/Ca records from O. faveolata specimens of unknown age or origin to reconstruct SST. We also explored how uncertainty is affected by the number of corals used in a reconstruction by iteratively calculating the RMS error for composite coral time-series using two, three, four, and five overlapping coral colonies. Our results indicate that maximum RMS error at the 95% confidence interval on mean annual SST estimates is 1.4 º

Estado de las investigaciones sobre los Vertebrados del Jurásico Superior y Cretácico Inferior de Galve (Teruel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ipas, J.

2004-12-01

(Cordillera Ibérica Central, Subcuenca de Galve. La mayor parte de los yacimientos contienen restos óseos, pero también son abundantes los yacimientos paleoicnológicos y paleoológicos. Los vertebrados mejor conocidos son los mamíferos y dinosaurios, aunque también hay estudios sobre los tiburones, peces óseos, anfibios, escamosos y cocodrilos. Algunos grupos, como tortugas y pterosaurios, permanecen prácticamente sin estudiar. Galve es la localidad tipo de varios taxones de vertebrados: el tiburón Lonchidion microselachos, el anfibio Galverpeton ibericum, el dinosaurio Aragosaurus ischiaticus, los mamíferos Galveodon nannothus, Lavocatia alfambrensis, Eobaatar hispanicus, Parendotherium herreroi, Spalacotherium henkeli y Pocamus pepelui, y la cáscara de huevo de dinosaurio Macroolithus turolensis. Es este trabajo se revisa el estado de conocimientos sobre los vertebrados de Galve, y se actualiza la lista faunística de sus yacimientos, siendo la primera vez que se realiza teniendo en cuenta la distribución estratigráfica de los taxones.

Intraspecific variation of the Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas (Cheloniidae), in the foraging area of Gorgona Natural National Park (Colombian Pacific); Variacion intraespecifica de la Tortuga Verde Chelonia mydas (Cheloniidae) en el area de forrajeo del Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona (Pacifico Colombiano)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sampson, Laura; Payan, Luis Fernando; Amorocho, Diego Fernando; Seminoff, Jeffrey A; Giraldo, Alan

2014-07-01

The size distribution and body condition of the two morphotypes of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) foraging in Gorgona Natural National Park (GNNP) in the Colombian Pacific was assessed from 2003 to 2012. Measurements of straight carapace length (SCL), curved carapace length (CCL), weight, and body condition of 1,023 turtles captured on the GNNP reefs were recorded. More black turtles (n = 747) than yellow turtles (n = 276) were captured, all of them juveniles. Black turtles were significantly larger and heavier than yellow turtles. The size of recruitment to the neritic zone was 40.0-49.9 cm SCL for both morphotypes, but there were more yellow than black turtles in this size class, indicating a difference in the recruitment pattern. The body condition index of yellow turtles was significantly higher than that of black turtles, which could indicate differences in resource use. Based on our results, we suggest that GNNP might function as a recruitment area for yellow turtles, which arrive at smaller sizes and as part of a coastal migratory route for black turtles, which arrive at larger sizes and maintain residence at this location for an unknown period of time.

Efectos de la temperatura de incubación en el periodo termosensitivo de determinación sexual y evaluación de morfometría geométrica como técnica de sexaje en la tortuga del río Magdalena

OpenAIRE

Gómez Saldarriaga, Catalina

2014-01-01

El período termosensitivo (PTS) durante el cual se define el sexo en los embriones de los reptiles ha sido estudiado principalmente a temperaturas constantes, sin embargo los efectos de temperaturas variables antes y durante el PTS mismo han sido poco evaluados. Igualmente es necesario conocer el efecto que la temperatura de incubación tiene sobre el sexo y la forma, particularmente en reptiles amenazados de extinción cuyos huevos son incubados bajo condiciones artificiales. Este estudio eval...

MORTALIDAD EMBRIONARIA EN CUATRO NIDOS DE TORTUGA CARDÓN Dermochelys coriacea EN PLAYA SAN LUIS, SECTOR LOS CHIVOS, CUMANÁ, ESTADO I SUCRE EMBRYONIC MORTALITY IN FOUR NEST OF LEATHERBACK TURTLE Dermochelys coriacea IN SAN LUIS BEACH, SECTOR LOS CHIVOS, CUMANÁ, SUCRE STATE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Velásquez

2018-04-01

Full Text Available We analyzed the reproductive characteristics of four nets of leatherback turtles ( Dermochelys coriacea which spawned in San Luis beach, sector Los Chivos, Cumaná, Sucre State. The turtles deposited a total of 312 eggs ( =78 per nest, of which 102 eggs showed no apparent development ( = 25.50, 13 were dead embryos ( = 3.25 and 155 were coral type eggs (without fecundation ( = 38.75. Among the dead embryos (13, 84.62% had reached the late embryonic state (EETT and the rest the medium state (EEM. The average hatching success was 65.94%, with a minimum value in a turtle that laid 77 eggs (46.75 % and the maximum (91.17 % in another who laid 72 eggs. There was a high correlation between the number of eggs without apparent development (HSDA and corals, with a highly significant relationship (r = 0.97 between weight and curved carapace length in embryos.

The Patagonian Orocline: Paleomagnetic evidence of a large counter-clockwise rotation during the closure of the Rocas Verdes basin.

Science.gov (United States)

Poblete, Fernando; Roperch, Pierrick; Herve, Francisco; Ramirez, Cristobal; Arriagada, Cesar

2014-05-01

The southernmost Andes of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego present a prominent arc-shaped structure, the Patagonian Orocline. Despite the fact that this major structure was already described by Alfred Wegener in his famous textbook in 1929, few paleomagnetic studies have been attempted to describe the rotations associated with the formation of the Patagonian Orocline. In this study we present a paleomagnetic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) study from more than 130 sites obtained from the Ultima Esperanza region (NS structures at ~51°S) to Península Hardy, south of the Beagle Channel at ~55°S. 45 sites were sampled in early-cretaceous gabbros (gabbro complex), mid-cretaceous tonalites and granodiorites (Canal Beagle group) and Paleocene intrusive rocks (Seno Año Nuevo group) from the South Patagonian batholith, 4 sites from the late Jurassic Hardy formation, a volcanic succession outcropping in Hardy Peninsula and Stewart Island, 9 sites were drilled in the lower cretaceous sedimentary infill of the Rocas Verdes Basin, 3 sites from the Tortuga ophiolite, a quasi-oceanic crust related to the opening of the Rocas Verdes basin. 80 sites were sampled in Cretaceous to Miocene sedimentary rocks from the Magallanes fold and thrust belt and Magallanes Basin. Characteristic Remanent Magnetizations (ChRMs) obtained from the Rocas Verdes Basin tectonic province correspond to secondary magnetizations postdating the early phase of folding. Pyrrhotite is the main magnetic carrier in some of these sites. ChRMs from the South Patagonian Batholith correspond to a primary magnetization. These rocks record about 90° counterclockwise rotations south of the Beagle channel. Few sites from sediments of the Magallanes fold and thrust belt have stable ChRM. The available paleomagnetic results show that no rotation has occurred in the Provincia of Ultima Esperanza (51.5°S), at least, for the last 60 Ma. In the southern part of Provincia de Magallanes and Tierra del Fuego

U-Pb zircon constraints on the age of the Cretaceous Mata Amarilla Formation, Southern Patagonia, Argentina: its relationship with the evolution of the Austral Basin Edades U-Pb en circones de la Formación Mata Amarilla (Cretácico, Patagonia Austral, Argentina: su relación con la evoluci��n de la Cuenca Austral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Augusto N Varela

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Despite the abundant fossil content of the Mata Amarilla Formation (Southern Patagonia, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, its age has always generated a considerable number of questions and debates. The chronological data provided by invertebrates, dinosaurs, fish, turtles, plesiosaurs and fossil flora are contradictory. In this work, twenty U-Pb spot analyses by laser ablation were carried out on the outer parts of the zoned zircon crystals from a tuff layer of the middle section of the Mata Amarilla Formation, yielding a U-Pb concordia age of 96.23±0.71 Ma, which corresponds to the middle Cenomanian. The deposition of the lower section of the Mata Amarilla Formation marks the onset of the foreland stage of the Austral Basin (also known as Magallanes Basin; this transition is characterized by the west-east shift of the depositional systems, which is consistent with the progradation of the Cretaceous fold-and-thrust belt. Thus, the onset of the foreland stage could have occurred between the upper Albian and lower Cenomanian, as the underlying Piedra Clavada Formation is lower Albian in age. On comparing the data obtained with information from the Última Esperanza Province in Chile, it can be suggested that the initiation of the closure of the Rocas Verdes Marginal Basin occurred simultaneously.A pesar del abundante contenido fosilífero de la Formación Mata Amarilla (Patagonia Austral, Provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina, siempre se generaron abundantes dudas y debates acerca de cuál es la edad de esta formación. Los datos cronológicos aportados por los invertebrados, los dinosaurios, peces, tortugas, plesiosaurios y flora fósil son dispares. En el presente trabajo se obtuvo una edad U-Pb concordia por la metodología de ablación láser aplicada a 20 puntos de la parte externa de circones zonados provenientes de un nivel tobáceo hallado en la sección media de la Formación Mata Amarilla, lo cual arrojó una edad de 96,23±0,71 Ma, que

Temporal variation in demography of the Chocoan River turtle, Rhinoclemmys nasuta (Geoemydidae), on Isla Palma, Malaga Bay, pacific coast of Valle del Cauca; Variacion demografica temporal de la tortuga de Rio Chocoana, Rhinoclemmys nasuta (Geoemydidae), en Isla Palma, Bahia Malaga, Pacifico del Valle del Cauca.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garces Restrepo, Mario Fernando; Giraldo, Alan; Carr, John L

2014-07-01

Few long-term demographic studies have been conducted in freshwater turtles of South America despite the need for this type of inquiry to investigate natural variation and strengthen conservation efforts for these species. In this study, we examined variation in demography of the Chocoan River turtle (Rhinoclemmys nasuta) based on a population from an island locality in the Colombian pacific region between 2005 and 2012. At this locality we captured turtles by hand in five streams with a total area of 0.4 ha. We calculated population size with the jolly-seber method and compared the population structure of four time periods (2005-06, 2007, 2011 and 2012). we calculated the probability of survival and capture probability for males, females and juveniles using the cormack jolly seber model and we estimated the rate of population growth with the Popan model. We found increases and decreases in population size, and a significant increase in the percentage of juveniles in 2011 and 2012. In all periods, females dominated the sex structure of the population. Temporal variation in population size may be due to natural changes in habitat or density dependent effects. However, it may correspond with normal fluctuations in population parameters, therefore continuous monitoring that can be correlated with environmental and physical factors of the habitat could elucidate the causes of the variation.

Actividad reproductiva de Chelonia mydas (Testudines: Cheloniidae en Isla de Aves, Venezuela (2001-2008 Reproductive activity of Chelonia mydas (Testudines: Cheloniidae in Isla de Aves, Venezuela (2001-2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vicente Vera

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Isla de Aves, una isla a 650km de La Guaira, Venezuela, protegida como Refugio de Fauna Silvestre, constituye el segundo sitio de mayor anidación de la tortuga verde (Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus 1758 en el Caribe. El seguimiento de la población comenzó en 1972 y de manera más continua desde 1978. Los datos históricos indican que la captura de hembras en la isla, afectó severamente la población hasta 1978, cuando fue construida una base científico-naval. Durante las temporadas de anidación entre 2001-2008 con excepción de 2003 y 2004, las hembras fueron marcadas con placas metálicas y medidas. Asimismo, se muestreó durante 458 noches, en donde se observaron 5 154 eventos, con un máximo de 53 por noche. Los posibles eventos no observados fueron calculados ajustando la distribución temporal de eventos observados a una curva normal. El total de eventos estimados varió de =637.1±106.6 en 2001 a =2 853±42.5 en 2008 (ANOVA F(6.5gl=60.37, pReproductive activity of Chelonia mydas (Testudines: Cheloniidae in Isla de Aves, Venezuela (2001-2008. The second major nesting-site for green turtles in the Caribbean is Isla de Aves, an island protected as a wildlife refuge since 1972, located at 650km Northeast from La Guaira, Venezuela. In this island, the nesting population monitoring started in 1972 and in a more continuous way after 1978, when a Scientific-Naval Station was established and scientific observations started. Since historical data show that female captures had severely affected population levels in this island before 1978, this study aim to describe recent reproductive activities. For this, during the nesting seasons of 2001-2002 and 2005-2008, nesting females were measured and tagged using metal flipper tags. A total of 458 nights were sampled observing 5 154 female emergences, with a maximum of 53 in a single night. Non-observed emergences were calculated fitting the temporal distribution of observed emergences to a normal curve

Discoveries and Conservation Efforts of Extensive Deep-Sea Coral Habitat off the Southeastern U.S.

Science.gov (United States)

Reed, J. K.; Messing, C. G.; Walker, B. K.; Farrington, S.; Brooke, S.; Correa, T.; Brouwer, M.

2012-12-01

The deep-sea floor of the Western Atlantic off the southeastern U.S. supports a variety of deep-sea coral ecosystem (DSCE) habitats, including: coral mounds, rock terraces (Miami and Pourtalès Terraces), canyons (Agassiz and Tortugas Valleys), and island slopes (western Bahamas and northern Cuba). We used NOAA bathymetric contour maps and digital elevation models to identify and delineate the areal extent of potential DSCE habitat (50-1000 m) from northeastern Florida through the Straits of Florida. Recently, shipboard and AUV side-scan and multibeam sonar have further documented portions of the region. The resulting maps have been ground-truthed with over 250 submersible and remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives, revealing that high-relief topographic features, including steep escarpments and rocky terraces, are good predictors of DSCE habitat in this region. The benthic biota is diverse but locally variable; for example, Lophelia and Enallopsammia stony corals dominate the deep-water mounds, whereas stylasterid corals dominate the rocky terraces where Lophelia is sporadic. Octocorals, black corals, and sponges are common at most sites but different species exhibit site-specific distributional variability. In 2011, the first of two NOAA-sponsored cruises using sonar mapping and an ROV discovered the southernmost Lophelia coral mound in the continental United States, south of the Florida Keys, offering the possibility that more Lophelia mounds may exist in this region where they were previously thought to be absent. The second cruise discovered that deep-water Oculina varicosa coral reefs extend over 70 nmi north of the current boundaries of the Oculina Habitat Area of Particular Concern (OHAPC), which was first designated as a marine protected area in 1984. These studies indicate that cold-water coral mounds are significantly more diverse and abundant in this region than previously thought. These research results were presented to NOAA and the South Atlantic

Taxonomic Reevaluation of Phrynops (Testudines: Chelidae with the description of two new genera and a new species of Batrachemys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

William P. McCord

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Relationships among turtle species loosely categorized within the South American genus Phrynops are explored. Three once recognized genera (Batrachemys, Mesoclemmys and Phrynops that were demoted to subgenera, and then synonymized with Phrynops, are demonstrated to warrant full recognition based on morphometric analysis, skull osteology, and mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequencing. Mesoclemmys is resurrected from the synonymy of Phrynops as a monotypic genus including M. gibba. The genus Rhinemys, previously a synonym of Phrynops, is resurrected for the species R. rufipes. Ranacephala gen. nov. is described to inciude the species R hogei. The genus Batrachemys is resurrected from the synonymy of Phrynops and inciudes B. dahli, B. nasuta B. raniceps, B. tuberculata, and B. zuliae. The taxon vanderhaegei is placed in Bufocephala gen. nov. The genus Phrynops is redefined to include the taxa P. geoffroanus, P. hilarii, P. tuberosus and P.williamsi. Ciadistic analysis of morphological data supports this taxonomy. A new species of Batrachemys is described from the western Amazon region, and is distinguished by having facial markings in juveniles, a relatively wide head, and a flattened shell. The new species, B. heliostemma sp. nov., is sympatric with and most similar to the recently resurrected form Batrachemys raniceps in the upper Amazonian region of Peru and adjacent Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Colombia. Lastly, morphometric data from living and museum specimens of all species of Batrachemys are presented.Se investigaron las afinidades entre las especies de tortugas agrupadas casualmente dentro del género suramericano Phrynops. Tres géneros anteriormente reconocidos (Batrachemys, Mesoclemmys, y Phrynops, que fueron subsecuentemente colocados como sub-géneros, y luego puestos bajo sinonimia de Phrynops, se reconocen ahora como géneros válidos basándose en análisis morfométrico, osteología craneal y de secuencias génicas, nucleares y

Caracterización espacio-temporal del hábitat y presencia de Dermatemys mawii (Testudines: Dermatemydidae en la cuenca del Grijalva-Usumacinta, Tabasco, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Elena Zenteno Ruiz

2010-12-01

Full Text Available La tortuga centroamericana (Dermatemys mawii es una especie en peligro de extinción pobremente estudiada. En el presente trabajo se analizaron las variaciones estacionales y espaciales del hábitat y se relacionaron con la presencia/ausencia de D. mawii en tres ríos de la Reserva de la Biosfera Pantanos de Centla (Tabasco, México. Para caracterizar el hábitat se evaluaron 11 variables (hidrológicas, fisicoquímicas del agua y de la vegetación en dos temporadas (seca y lluviosa. Para determinar la presencia/ ausencia de la especie se colocaron 8 trampas de desvío acuáticas, empleando la captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE como indicador de la abundancia relativa. Los resultados indicaron variaciones espacio-temporales. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP permitió determinar la variabilidad ambiental. La presencia de la especie se confirmó en los tres ríos, sin embargo la mayor abundancia relativa se registró en el Río Tabasquillo. Cuatro variables tuvieron el mayor peso como variables predictoras de la presencia de la especie. Con los resultados obtenidos, es evidente la importancia que tiene el ambiente ribereño como hábitat para Dermatemys, asimismo es posible hacer el primer acercamiento a un plan de acción para la protección de la especie y su hábitat en esta reserva.Presence and spatio-temporal habitat characterization of Dermatemys mawii (Testudines: Dermatemydidae in the Grijalva-Usumacinta watershed, Tabasco, Mexico. The Central American River Turtle (Dermatemys mawii is an endangered species that has been poorly studied. There are no reports on their population status, habitat condition, and the species distribution area is still unknown. This study analyzes the seasonal and spatial variations of their habitat and the presence/absence of D. mawii in three rivers within the Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve (Tabasco, Mexico. For habitat characterization, natural segmentation of rivers was used and three

Mycobacterium chelonae y Mycobacterium abscessus: patógenos emergentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mónica M. Ortegón

1996-09-01

Full Text Available Mycobacterium chelonae es el nombre correcto para la micobacteria aislada en 1903 de los pulmones enfermos de una tortuga marina. En una especie distinta de Mycobacterium fo/tuitum, aislado de ranas en 1905, y de Mycobacterium abscessus, considerado actualmente como una subespecie de M chelonae. Estas tres especies son las únicas patógenas para el hombre dentro del grupo de micobacterias ambientales o atipicas, de crecimiento rápido, las cuales se caracterizan por formar colonias en cultivo en menos de siete días. Son agentes etiológicos de nódulos y abscesos cutáneos, localizados y diseminados, de lesiones postoperatorias, usualmente en la cicatriz quirúrgica, de lesiones pulmonares y de linfadenitis granulomatosa, de osteomielitis y de queratitis, entre otras. Las lesiones cutáneas y de los tejidos blandos son las más frecuentes y resultan generalmente de la inoculación traumática de esta micobacteria. Histopatológicamente, los nódulos y abscesos muestran un proceso inflamatorio, supurativo y granulomatoso, mixto, en el que en la cuarta parte de los casos pueden demostrarse conglomerados de bacilos ácido alcohol resistentes, que tienden a estar situados en una vacuola en el centro del absceso. En Colombia, se han descrito tres brotes de abscesos subcutáneos producidos por bacterias ambientales, secundarios a la aplicación de inyecciones contaminadas con el germen causal: en 1981, en Bucaramanga, luego de la aplicación de la vacuna contra la fiebre amarilla, en 50 personas, la mayoría niños; en 1989, en Medellin, por la inyección subcutánea de alergenos, en 13 personas; y, en 1993, en varias ciudades de la costa atlántica, luego de aplicaciones subcutáneas de xilocaína, como tratamiento bionergético, en 297 pacientes. Existen otros informes aislados de casos posttraumáticos.La enfermedad diseminada por micobacterias de rápido crecimiento, se presenta en pacientes inmunosuprimidos. En la biopsia, predominan los

Puerto Rico, humedales [Puerto Rico, wetlands

Science.gov (United States)

Adams, D. Briane; Hefner, John M.; Dopazo, Teresa

1999-01-01

descanso y la alimentación de cientos de aves migratorias en ruta entre Norte y Suramérica. Antes del drenaje de los humedales costeros para propósitos agrícolas, pantanos de agua dulce como los de la Laguna Cartagena, Laguna Guánica y Ciénaga El Anegado proveían hábitat a más de 1 00 especies de aves residentes y migratorias . Los humedales de las tierras altas del área central son el último refugio de la cotorra puertorriqueña, una especie en peligro de extinción. Aún los humedales del área metropolitana de San Juan (Laguna La Torrecilla, Torrecilla Baja, Laguna de Piñones hasta Punta Vacía Talega) proveen un hábitat excelente para la vida silvestre, mantienen criaderos de peces de alto valor económico y proveen recreación y oportunidades educativas a la población urbana.Treintiocho especies de vertebrados, moluscos y crustáceos, y 46 especies de aves, algunos raros o en peligro de extinción como la mariquita, el alcatraz, el pato dominicano, el pato silbón y la paloma cabeciblanca han sido observados en el área . También las playas asociadas con estos humedales urbanos proveen sitios de anidaje para las tortugas carey de concha y tinglar, ambas en peligro de extinción (Del Llano y otros, 1986).

Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH and other variables collected from surface discrete observations using Alkalinity titrator, infrared dissolved inorganic carbon analyzer and other instruments from the coastal waters of Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Dry Tortugas, and Flower Garden Banks (Class 0 climate monitoring sites) from 2013-07-08 to 2014-09-08 (NCEI Accession 0132020)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This archival package contains data collected to monitor changes to coral reef carbonate chemistry over time, at US affiliated coral reef sites, through quantifying...

A new hypothesis for the importance of seed dispersal in time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Guzmán

2011-12-01

procesos fisiológicos que disparan su germinación. Sin embargo, la dispersión de semillas por animales de bajas tasas metabólicas y largos tiempos de retención, como por ejemplo los reptiles, podría ser considerada otro tipo de dispersión en el tiempo. Este estudio prueba la hipótesis que las semillas dispersadas por tortugas pueden evadir a los depredadores en el tiempo. Semillas depositadas bajo árboles parentales luego de que la cosecha haya terminado es ventajoso para escapar de depredadores denso-dependientes y por lo tanto deberían mostrar mayores tasas de supervivencia. La hipótesis se probó en cuatro especies de plantas amazónicas, Dicranostyles ampla, Oenocarpus bataua, Guatteria atabapensis y Ocotea floribuna, durante dos periodos: durante la cosecha y varios días después de la cosecha de frutos. Los experimentos se llevaron en dos estaciones biológicas de la Amazonia colombiana (Caparú y Zafire. Los principales depredadores de semillas fueron los no vertebrados y por lo tanto fueron el factor que más influyó en la supervivencia de las semillas en ambas áreas de estudio. De las cuatro especies probadas, sólo Guatteria atabapensis validó la hipótesis de la ventaja de la dispersión en el tiempo. Para esta especie, la depredación de semillas por vertebrados después del periodo de cosecha incrementó (de 4.1% a 9.2% mientras que la depredación de semillas por no vertebrados disminuyó (de 54.0% a 40.2%. Por el contrario, la depredación de semillas por vertebrados y por no vertebrados después del período de la cosecha para D. ampla incrementó (de 7.9% a 22.8% y de 40.4% a 50.6% respectivamente, sugiriendo saciación de depredadores. Los resultados sugieren que para algunas especies, el escape en el tiempo podría ser ventajoso para evadir algunos tipos de depredadores. El escape en el tiempo podría ser una dimensión adicional en donde las semillas podrían alcanzar lugares adecuados para su reclutamiento. Futuros estudios deber

Libro de un Médico del Siglo XVI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Serpa Florez

1986-12-01

ía esperar un médico de cabecera de quien, como informaba otro embajador, “era cruel y cambiante, gozaba viendo cómo asaban vivas las liebres después de una cacería, y una vez que una tortuga le mordió un dedo, le destrozó la cabeza a mordiscos” En buena hora -y no sabemos cómo—logra salvar estas acechanzas. (“Fabio las ambiciones cortesanas prisiones son do el incauto cae”. Y prefiere alejarse de intrigas, grandes de España y archiduques locos, poniendo de por medio la mayor distancia posible. Irse, en fin, a las Indias, para lo cual pide -y obtiene– el salvoconducto respectivo...

Neurocirugía Geriátrica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ernesto Bustamante Zuleta

1990-04-01

una determinada población vaya aumentando progresivamente haciendo que más personas alcancen los 100 o 115 años que parece ger el límite máximo de la vida del hombre.

¿Cómo se puede definir el envejecimiento? En los seres vivos el envejecimiento se caracteriza por una progresiva pérdida de la capacidad funcional, lo que ocasiona un mayor riesgo de enfermedad y una mayor probabilidad de muerte. Esta pérdida progresiva de la capacidad funcional es comparable al aumento de la entropía, a la pérdida progresiva de la organización que caracteriza la evolución de las organizaciones materiales.

Como consecuencia dc su determinismo génetico la vida de los’ miembros de las distintas especies tiene una duración determinada bastante fija; así, mientras un ratón vive 3 años, una tortuga vive 150, una mosca 40 días y un caballo 30 años...

La reproducción de la "Icotea": (Pseudemys scripta callirostris, (Testudines Emydidae La reproducción de la "Icotea": (Pseudemys scripta callirostris, (Testudines Emydidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Medem Federico

1975-09-01

. (Tables 7,8,9; fig. 5.14. The egg caruncle normally disappears after 5-9 days, but in some cases it is already vestigial or even worn off at the day of hatching.15. Growing rates of eight specimens between 1966 and 1971 are presented in table 7; however, these rates under natural conditions within the original habitat are still unknown.16. Either natural enemies or, and mainly, human activities cause great losses every year. The eggs are eaten by certain mammals, birds and reptiles (Tupinambis nigropunctatus ; hatchlings are sold in great quantities for exportation to pet shops, and adults are sold at the markets during the Holy Week, mostly ♀♀ containing eggs and stored since January.17. The establishment of breeding stations and areas totally protected for breeding under natural conditions are recommended.1.Se presentan los primeros datos exactos sobre la reproducción de la "Icotea", Pseudemys scripta callirostris, una tortuga de agua dulce¡ endémica en Colombia.2. Se estudiaron 75 ejemplares adultos de ambos sexos, 89 crías y 276 huevos.3. Existe un dimorfismo sexual marcado.4. La época de celos se efectúa entre septiembre y diciemhre.5. La cópula se efectúa en aguas mansas y profundas y dura unos 2·3 minutos.6. Para la excavación de los nidos se usan solamente las extremidades posteriores; la durución del proceso total de excavación, postura de huevos y tapamiento de hueco es variada; en dos casos duró una hora y veinte minutos y cuatro horas veinticinco minutos respectivamente, (Figs. 1-2.7. El nido tiene la forma de una botella redondeada en el centro, y sus dimensiones comprenden: Profurididad hasta 180.0 mm.; ancho (entrada   hasta 110.0 mm., y ancho (fondo hasta 130.0 mm. (tabla 1.8. La cantidad de huevos en un solo nido varía entre 9 y 25; en varios casos se encontraron hasta 30, según informes. (Figs. 3-4.9. Estan depositados en 2·3·4 capas; los primeros huevos (última capa se encuentran en una profundidad de 67.0 mm. a 10.0 mm. (tabla 3

Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Günther, 1953 (rev. stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: "Anareolatae": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae).

Science.gov (United States)

Hennemann, Frank H; Conle, Oskar V; Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E

2016-06-27

islands of the Greater Antilles except Jamaica, and also in the Virgin Islands, Bahamas, Florida Keys, Dry Tortugas and as far southwest as the Cayman Islands and Swan Islands.        Nine new species and one new subspecies are described: Cephaloplopus alope n. sp. and Haplopus sobrinus n. sp. from Cuba, Cephaloplopus euchlorus n. sp., Cephaloplopus laetus n. sp., Cephaloplopus pulchellus n. sp., Haplopus brachypterus n. sp., Haplopus intermedius n. sp. and Parhaplopus navarroi n. sp. from Hispaniola, Haplopus woodruffi n. sp. from Cayman Brac (Cayman Islands) and Diapherodes gigantea saintluciae n. ssp. from Saint Lucia. Seven of these are described from both sexes but Cephaloplopus alope n. sp. and Haplopus sobrinus n. sp. are only known from the females and Cephaloplopus laetus n. sp. only from the males. The previously unknown males of Diapherodes angulata (Fabricius, 1793), Diapherodes laevicollis Redtenbacher, 1908, Haplopus bicuspidatus de Haan, 1842 and Parhaplopus cubensis (Saussure, 1868) as well as the previously unknown female of Parhaplopus evadne (Westwood, 1859) n. comb. are described and illustrated for the first time. Descriptions and illustrations of the eggs of eleven species are presented: Cephaloplopus euchlorus n. sp., Cephaloplopus pulchellus n. sp., Diapherodes achalus (Rehn, 1904), Diapherodes dominicae (Rehn & Hebard, 1938), Diapherodes gigantea gigantea (Gmélin, 1789), Diapherodes martinicensis Lelong & Langlois, 2005, Diapherodes jamaicensis (Drury, 1773), Haplopus bicuspidatus de Haan, 1842, Haplopus micropterus St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825, Parhaplopus navarroi n. sp. and Venupherodes venustula (Audinet-Seville, 1838) n. comb.. Type specimens of the newly described taxa are deposited in the collections of ANSP, NHMUK, IIBZ, FSCA, MCZC, MNHN and USNM.        Six species are transferred to other genera (n. comb.): Bacteria grossetuberculata (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) to Apteroplopus n. gen. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)