Development and set-up of a test system for non-destructive acoustic and ultrasonic testing of silicon nitride ceramics valves; Entwicklung und Aufbau eines Pruefsystems zur zerstoerungsfreien Klang- und Ultraschallpruefung von Ventilen aus Siliciumnitrid-Keramik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lindner, H.A.; Caspers, B.; Hennicke, J.; Feuer, H.; Petzenhauser, I. [Cremer Forschungsinstitut GmbH und Co. KG, Roedental (Germany)

1999-07-01

Valves made of silicon nitrice ceramics have advantages over metal valves owing to their low density, high wear resistance, low thermal conductivity and high termperature resistance. Reciprocating piston engines with ceramic valves have a lower fuel consumption, lower noise, and lower exhaust emissions. On the other hand, ceramic materials have the disadvantage of being brittele, i.e. mechanical stress concentrations at crack tips cannot be removed by plastic deformation. In order to ensure safe application in piston engines, all ceramic valves must therefore be tested by nondestructive methods in order to detect and replace defective valves. [German] Ventile aus Siliciumnitrid-Keramik haben infolge ihrer geringen Dichte, hohen Verschleissfestigkeit, niedrigen Waermeleitfaehigkeit und hohen Temperaturfestigkeit gegenueber Ventilen aus metallischen Werkstoffen ganz entscheidende Vorteile. So haben Hubkolbenmotoren mit Keramikventilen einen deutlich geringeren Treibstoffbedarf und zeigen bei einem erheblich reduzierten Geraeuschpegel eine schadstoffaermere Abgasentwicklung. Diesen Vorteilen steht die allen keramischen Werkstoffen gemeinsame Eigenschaft der Sproedigkeit gegenueber. So koennen mechanische Spannungskonzentrationen an Rissspitzen nicht durch plastische Verformung abgebaut werden. Fuer den sicheren Einsatz im Hubkolbenmotor muessen daher die Keramikventile einer zerstoerungsfreien Bewertung unterzogen werden, um fehlerhafte Ventile zu erkennen und auszuscheiden. (orig.)

THX Experiment Overview

Science.gov (United States)

Wernet, Mark; Wroblewski, Adam; Locke, Randy; Georgiadis, Nick

2016-01-01

This presentation provides an overview of experiments conducted at NASA GRC to provide turbulent flow measurements needed for new turbulence model development and validation. The experiments include particle image velocimetry (PIV) and hot-wire measurements of mean flow velocity and temperature fields, as well as fluctuating components.

Entangling Higgs production associated with a single top and a top-quark pair in the presence of anomalous top-Yukawa coupling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, Jung [Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences,Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Cheung, Kingman [Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences,Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, School of Physics, Konkuk University,Seoul 143-701 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University,Hsinchu 300, Taiwan (China); Lee, Jae Sik [Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences,Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-757 (Korea, Republic of); Lu, Chih-Ting [Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University,Hsinchu 300, Taiwan (China)

2017-04-26

The ATLAS and CMS collaborations observed a mild excess in the associated Higgs production with a top-quark pair (tt̄h) and reported the signal strengths of μ{sub tth}{sup ATLAS}=1.81±0.80 and μ{sub tth}{sup CMS}=2.75±0.99 based on the data collected at √s= 7 and 8 TeV. Although, at the current stage, there is no obvious indication whether the excess is real or due to statistical fluctuations, here we perform a case study of this mild excess by exploiting the strong entanglement between the associated Higgs production with a single top quark (thX) and tt̄h production in the presence of anomalous top-Yukawa coupling. As well known, tt̄h production only depends on the absolute value of the top-Yukawa coupling. Meanwhile, in thX production, this degeneracy is lifted through the strong interference between the two main contributions which are proportional to the top-Yukawa and the gauge-Higgs couplings, respectively. Especially, when the relative sign of the top-Yukawa coupling with respect to the gauge-Higgs coupling is reversed, the thX cross section can be enhanced by more than one order of magnitude. We perform a detailed study of the influence of thX production on tt̄h production in the presence of the anomalous top-Yukawa coupling and point out that it is crucial to include thX production in the analysis of the tt̄h data to pin down the sign and the size of the top-Yukawa coupling in future. While assuming the Standard Model (SM) value for the gauge-Higgs coupling, we vary the top-Yukawa coupling within the range allowed by the current LHC Higgs data. We consider the Higgs decay modes into multileptons, bb̄ and γγ putting a particular emphasis on the same sign dilepton events. We also discuss the prospects for the LHC Run-2 on how to disentangle thX production from tt̄h one and how to probe the anomalous top-Yukawa coupling.

Two-phase flow and thermal response from nuclear excursions in tuff

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rath, J.S.; Sanchez, L.C.; Taylor, L.L.

1998-05-01

Thermal hydrology calculations were performed to predict the geologic thermal and saturation response of a far-field nuclear criticality. The thermal hydrology (THX) calculations used an experimental version of a transient multi-phase fluid and energy simulator, BRAGFLO T. A total of 45 THX calculations were completed using various combinations of initial saturation S 0 , input heat generation zone (HGZ) radii r 0 , input energies E 0 , and input space power density functions (SPDFs). The thermal hydrology calculations were performed as a part the nuclear dynamics consequence analysis (NDCA) study for potential criticality consequences associated with disposal of high-level waste (HLW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in an underground geologic repository. In the NDCA study it was identified that total fission energy E 0 , integrated from the power-time history, has an expected range of 10 17 --10 20 total fissions per excursion. This range of values is comparable to those reported for aqueous criticality accidents that had occurred in processing plants. The THX results show (using the conservative temperature recycle times) that a criticality frequency between 3 and 30 criticalities/yr is possible. Probability frequencies (generated by probabilistic risk analysis and the THX model) for these consequences indicate that any additional fissions are minor contributions to the biological hazards caused by the disposed fissile materials

Paranoia på Film

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Peter Ole

Filmbog med hovedfokus på temaet overvågning i thriller og science fiction-genren. Gennem omfattende analyser af Francis Ford Coppolas The Conversation (1974), David Finchers Panic Room (2002), George Lucas THX 1138 (1971) og Steven Spielbergs Minority Report (2002) gives kritisk bud på populærfi......Filmbog med hovedfokus på temaet overvågning i thriller og science fiction-genren. Gennem omfattende analyser af Francis Ford Coppolas The Conversation (1974), David Finchers Panic Room (2002), George Lucas THX 1138 (1971) og Steven Spielbergs Minority Report (2002) gives kritisk bud på...

Thorium(IV) and zirconium(IV) complexes of oxygen donor ligands. Pt. 12

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agarwal, R.K.; Jain, P.C.; Kapur, V.; Sharma, S.; Srivastava, A.K.

1980-01-01

Crystalline thorium (IV) chelates with mono N-oxides of 2,2'-bipyridine (bipyNO) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phenNO), ThX 4 x 2L(X = Cl,Br,NO 3 or NCS) and ThX 4 x 3L(X = I or ClO 4 and L = bipyNO or phenNO) have been synthesised and characterized on the basis of i.r. spectra, molar conductance, molecular weights, t.g.a. and d.t.a. data. All the complexes are weakly diamagnetic and contain bipyNO and phenNO bonded to thorium(IV) through nitrogen and oxygen. The coordination number of thorium(IV) varies from six to twelve depending on the nature of the anions. (orig.) [de

KARAKTERISASI STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN STRUKTUR KRISTAL FILM TEBAL FETIO3 DARI BAHAN MINERAL INDONESIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yus Rama Denny

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Telah dilakukan studi awal pembuatan dan pengolahan bahan mineral Indonesia sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan termistor NTC. Bahan mineral yarosit dari alam dimurnikan dengan larutan HCl, diendapkan dengan menggunakan NH4OH dan dipanaskan pada suhu kalsinasi 700oC selama 2 jam. Pembuatan termistor NTC dilakukan dengan mecampurkan serbuk yarosit hasil pemurnian dan pengendapan dengan TiO2. Pasta termistor FeTiO3 dicetak dipermukaan alumina substrat dengan metode screen printing, kemudian dilakukan pemanasan pada suhu 500oC selama 1 jam diruangan udara dilanjutkan disinter pada suhu 1100oC selama 1 jam diruangan hidrogen. Sifat listrik keramik film tebal hasil sinter diukur pada berbagai suhu. Struktur kristal dievaluasi dengan difraksi sinar x (XRD, dan struktur mikro dievaluasi dengan menggunakan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope. Data analisis XRD memperlihatkan bahwa seluruh keramik film tebal berstruktur heksagonal (Illiminite. Data struktur mikro dan sifat listrik memperlihatkan bahwa termistor dari yarosit memenuhi kebutuhan pasar.

Ein gefährdetes Kulturgut : Neue Perspektiven für die Konservierung von Goldleder in den Niederlanden

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Groves, R.M.; Koldeweij, E.; Posthuma de Boer, M.

2016-01-01

Das 17. und 18. Jahrhundert gilt als „Goldenes Zeitalter“ des Goldleders in den Nord- und Südniederlanden. Obwohl dieses Material einst ähnlich berühmt war wie die Delfter Keramik, ist unglücklicherweise viel davon verloren gegangen. Gründe dafür sind Renovierungen, Materialzersetzungen und

Structure/Function Studies of Insect Antifreeze Proteins

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Duman, John

1997-01-01

...-x5-x6-Cys-X8-X9-Ala-X11-Th-X13 where X3 and X1 tend toward charged residues, X5 toward threonine or serine, X9 toward asparagine or aspartate, X6 toward asparagine or lysine, and X13 toward alanine...

Torskov udgravningsrapport (excavation report)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Løvschal, Mette; Vinter, Michael; Helt Nielsen, Nina

2018-01-01

- kallibreringskurven, det såkaldte Hallstatt-plateau. OSL-dateringerne derimod peger entydigt på en datering til 1.-2. århundrede e.v.t., og antyder dermed en systematisk usikkerhed på én af de to dateringsmetoder. Lagene i den ene terrassekant (K2) indeholdt desuden betydelige mængder meget fragmenteret keramik af...

Der Süßwasser-Reservoireffekt in der ¹⁴C-Datierung

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Philippsen, Bente

Der Süßwasser-Reservoireffekt kann dafür sorgen, dass Proben, die aus einem Süßwassersystem stammen, bei der 14C-Datierung einige hundert bis tausend Jahre "zu alt" erscheinen. Dies gilt zB auch für Knochen von Menschen, die viel Süßwasserfisch gegessen haben, oder für Speisekrusten auf Keramik...

Electronic structure and optical properties of thorium monopnictides

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

We have calculated the electronic density of states (DOS) and dielectric function for the ThX (X = P, As and Sb) using the linear muffin tin orbital method within atomic sphere approximation (LMTO–ASA) including the combined correction terms. The calculated electronic DOS of ThSb has been compared with the available ...

Overexpression of Endogenous Anti-Oxidants with Selenium Supplementation Protects Trophoblast Cells from Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Apoptosis in a Bcl-2-Dependent Manner.

Science.gov (United States)

Khera, Alisha; Vanderlelie, Jessica J; Holland, Olivia; Perkins, Anthony V

2017-06-01

The human placenta provides life support for the developing foetus, and a healthy placenta is a prerequisite to a healthy start to life. Placental tissue is subject to oxidative stress which can lead to pathological conditions of pregnancy such as preeclampsia, preterm labour and intrauterine growth restriction. Up-regulation of endogenous anti-oxidants may alleviate placental oxidative stress and provide a therapy for these complications of pregnancy. In this study, selenium supplementation, as inorganic sodium selenite (NaSel) or organic selenomethionine (SeMet), was used to increase the protein production and cellular activity of the important redox active proteins glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (Thx-Red). Placental trophoblast cell lines, BeWo, JEG-3 and Swan-71, were cultured in various concentrations of NaSel or SeMet for 24 h and cell extracts prepared for western blots and enzyme assays. Rotenone and antimycin were used to stimulate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and induce apoptosis. Trophoblast cells supplemented with 100 nM NaSel and 500 nM SeMet exhibited significantly enhanced expression and activity of both GPx and Thx-Red. Antimycin and rotenone were found to generate ROS when measured by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) assay, and selenium supplementation was shown to reduce ROS production in a dose-dependent manner. Rotenone, 100 μM treatment for 4 h, caused trophoblast cell apoptosis as evidenced by increased Annexin V binding and decreased expression of Bcl-2. In both assays of apoptosis, selenium supplementation was able to prevent apoptosis, preserve Bcl-2 expression and protect trophoblast cells from mitochondrial oxidative stress. This data suggests that selenoproteins such as GPx and Thx-Red have an important role in protecting trophoblast cells from mitochondrial oxidative stress and that selenium supplementation may be important in treating some placental pathologies.

Topology and symmetry of surface Majorana arcs in cyclic superconductors

Science.gov (United States)

Mizushima, Takeshi; Nitta, Muneto

2018-01-01

We study the topology and symmetry of surface Majorana arcs in superconductors with nonunitary "cyclic" pairing. Cyclic p -wave pairing may be realized in a cubic or tetrahedral crystal, while it is a candidate for the interior P32 superfluids of neutron stars. The cyclic state is an admixture of full gap and nodal gap with eight Weyl points and the low-energy physics is governed by itinerant Majorana fermions. We here show the evolution of surface states from Majorana cone to Majorana arcs under rotation of surface orientation. The Majorana cone is protected solely by an accidental spin rotation symmetry and fragile against spin-orbit coupling, while the arcs are attributed to two topological invariants: the first Chern number and one-dimensional winding number. Lastly, we discuss how topologically protected surface states inherent to the nonunitary cyclic pairing can be captured from surface probes in candidate compounds, such as U1 -xThxBe13 . We examine tunneling conductance spectra for two competitive scenarios in U1 -xThxBe13 —the degenerate Eu scenario and the accidental scenario.

Perbandingan Karakteristik Lempung Kasongan dan Godean Sebagai Bahan Baku Industri Gerabah Kasongan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tri Winarno

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Kasongan adalah salah satu sentra industri keramik dan gerabah di Yogyakarta yang terletak di Desa Bangunjiwo, Kecamatan Kasihan, Kabupaten Bantul. Pada saat ini industri keramik dan gerabah Kasongan mengalami kesulitan bahan baku lempung dikarenakan cadangan lempung di Desa Bangunjiwo yang selama ini digunakan semakin berkurang jumlahnya. Berdasarkan studi pustaka diketahui bahwa di Godean terdapat cadangan lempung, sehingga perlu diteliti apakah bisa digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam industri keramik dan gerabah. Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji karakteristik lempung tersebut adalah dengan analisis XRD, XRF, analisis tingkat kecerahan, analisis ukuran butir dan pengujian pembuatan gerabah dari lempung tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mineral lempung penyusun lempung Bangunjiwo adalah kaolinit dan haloisit, sedangkan di Godean terususun atas kaolinit, haloisit dan smektit. Dalam pengujian pembuatan gerabah dengan lempung dari kedua daerah tersebut menunjukkan perbedaan hasil, dimana lempung dari Godean menghasilkan gerabah yang tidak menyerupai ciri khas gerabah Kasongan yang berwarna merah terang. Dengan demikian lempung dari Godean tidak bisa digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan baku industri gerabah Kasongan. [Title: The Characteristic Comparison of Kasongan Clay and Godean Clay as Raw Material in Kasongan pottery Industry] Kasongan is the center of ceramics and pottery industry in Yogyakarta,located in Bangunjiwo village, Kasihan District, Bantul Regency. Nowadays, the ceramics and pottery industry is difficult to find the raw material because of the decrease of the Bangunjiwo clay deposit. Based on literature review, there are clay deposits found in Godean which can be observed their characteristics as basic commodity in the ceramics and pottery industry. The methods apllied in this research are XRD and XRF analysis,brightness analysis, grain size analysis and making pottery from those clays.The result of the research shows that the

Blades and disks in gas turbines. Material and component behaviour. Project department D. Final report; Schaufeln und Scheiben in Gasturbinen. Werkstoff- und Bauteilverhalten. Projektbereich D. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-04-01

The Special Research Department No. 339, ``Disks and Blades in Gas Turbines - Material and Component Characteristics`` received financial support from 1988 through 1996. This final report discusses activities of the years 1994, 1995, and 1996. Project group D, ``Production and Quality Assurance``, investigated rotors and blades. Grinding techniques were developed and optimized for nickel base materials, and the effects of grinding on the marginal zones was investigated, including an analysis of intrinsic stresses induced by machining. In the field of ceramics, separation and production of reinforced ceramics was investigated, and techniques for vacuum soldering of ceramic/ceramic and ceramic/metal compounds for high-temperature applications were developed. In the framework of a part-project carried out at HMI, neutron diffraction was used for nondestructive analysis of volume intrinsic stresses near the joint both on model geometries and on the joint between metal shaft and ceramic rotor. The development and application of computerized tomography for testing of ceramic rotors and joints was an important contribution to quality assurance. (orig./MM) [Deutsch] Der Sonderforschungsbereich 339 `Schaufeln und Scheiben in Gasturbinen - Werkstoff- und Bauteilverhalten` wurde von 1988 bis Ende 1996 gefoerdert. Der vorliegende Abschlussbericht behandelt vor allem die Arbeiten der Jahre 1994, 1995 und 1996. Am Bauteil Rotor und Schaufel orientierten sich die Arbeiten des Projektbereichs D `Fertigung und Qualitaetssicherung`. Zum einen wurden hier Schleifverfahren fuer Nickelbasis-Werkstoffe entwickelt und optimiert und der Einfluss der Schleifbearbeitung auf die Randzoneneigenschaften studiert. Zur Randzonencharakterisierung gehoerte insbesondere auch die Analyse bearbeitungsinduzierter Eigenspannungen. Auf der Seite der Keramiken wurde zum einen die trennende Fertigung verstaerkter Keramiken untersucht. Zum anderen wurden Techniken fuer das Hochvakuumloeten von Keramik-Keramik

Subconjunctival Delivery of p75NTR Antagonists Reduces the Inflammatory, Vascular, and Neurodegenerative Pathologies of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Science.gov (United States)

Galan, Alba; Barcelona, Pablo F; Nedev, Hinyu; Sarunic, Marinko V; Jian, Yifan; Saragovi, H Uri

2017-06-01

The p75NTR is a novel therapeutic target validated in a streptozotocin mouse model of diabetic retinopathy. Intravitreal (IVT) injection of small molecule p75NTR antagonist THX-B was therapeutic and resolved the inflammatory, vascular, and neurodegenerative phases of the retinal pathology. To simplify clinical translation, we sought a superior drug delivery method that circumvents risks associated with IVT injections. We compared the pharmacokinetics of a single 40 μg subconjunctival (SCJ) depot to the reported effective 5 μg IVT injections of THX-B. We quantified therapeutic efficacy, with endpoints of inflammation, edema, and neuronal death. The subconjunctival depot affords retinal exposure equal to IVT injection, without resulting in detectable drug in circulation. At week 2 of diabetic retinopathy, the SCJ depot provided therapeutic efficacy similar to IVT injections, with reduced inflammation, reduced edema, reduced neuronal death, and a long-lasting protection of the retinal structure. Subconjunctival injections are a safe and effective route for retinal delivery of p75NTR antagonists. The subconjunctival route offers an advantageous, less-invasive, more compliant, and nonsystemic method to deliver p75NTR antagonists for the treatment of retinal diseases.

Continuous Autoregulatory Indices Derived from Multi-modal Monitoring: Each One is Not Like the Other.

OpenAIRE

Zeiler, Frederick; Donnelly, Joseph; Menon, David Krishna; Smieleweski, P; Zweifel, C; Brady, K; Czosnyka, Marek

2017-01-01

We assess the relationships between various continuous measures of autoregulatory capacity in an adult TBI cohort. We assessed relationships between autoregulatory indices derived from intracranial pressure (ICP: PRx, PAx, RAC), Transcranial Doppler (TCD: Mx, Sx, Dx), brain tissue-oxygenation (ORx), and spatially resolved near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS resolved: TOx, THx). Relationships between indices were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient, Friedman (KW) test, Principle compon...

Nove tehnologije u dentalnoj protetici

OpenAIRE

Barišić, Miroslav

2016-01-01

Razvoj računalne tehnologije podigao je dentalnu medicinu na novu razinu funkcioniranja. Razvojem CAD/CAM sustava počeli su se upotrebljavati novi materijali za strojnu obradu poput oksidnih keramika, glinične keramike i staklokeramike. CAD/CAM sustavi imaju tri osnovne jedinice: skener, računalo s primjerenim softverom te stroj za glodanje. Postupak počinje snimanjem usne šupljine intraoralnom 3D kamerom ili uzimanjem otiska konvencionalnom tehnikom pa snimanjem radnog m...

The Spondylarthritis Ankylopoietica and its treatment with thorium X

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liska, G.

1980-01-01

After a detailed and comprehensive survey over the history of the spondylarthritis ankylopoietica or 'Bechterew's disease' and over the thorium X therapy, own experiences with patients are described. The patients received a Th-X therapy, supplemented by prednison phenylbutazone administration, with a total dose of up to 1000 to 2400 e.s. E. Th X. In addition, an intensive physicobalneologic and physiotherapeutic treatment was carried out. More than two thirds of the patients expressed their satisfaction with the results achieved. (DG) [de

Utjecaj recikliranog punila na svojstva asfaltnih mješavina

OpenAIRE

Androjić, Ivica; Kaluđer, Gordana

2017-01-01

U radu se daje prikaz provedenih dosadašnjih istraživanja s primjenom različitih recikliranih materijala koji se koriste kao zamjena za kameno punilo u asfaltnim mješavinama. Rad obuhvaća prikaz provedenih istraživanja o utjecaju otpadnog stakla, otpada cementne industrije, betona, opeke, keramike, letećeg pepela i drugih na fizikalno mehanička svojstva bitumenskih mješavina. Kao konačan rezultat donose se zaključci o mogućoj primjeni pojedinih recikliranih materijala kao zamjeni za standardn...

CO sub 2 laser cutting of ceramics and metal-ceramic composites. CO sub 2 -Laserschneiden von Keramik und Metall-Keramik-Verbunden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wielage, B.; Drozak, J. (Dortmund Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Lehrstuhl fuer Werkstofftechnologie)

1991-01-01

Oxide and non-oxide ceramics as well as active brazed and APS-sprayed metal-ceramic composites are cut by means of a 1500 Watt CO{sub 2} laser. In this context, the experience from ceramics cutting applications is applied to laser cutting of composites. The process parameters, which are adjusted to the property profile and the thickness of the material, permit cutting of ceramics of a maximum thickness of 10 mm with optimal cut edge quality and minimum damage to the material. The parameter sets were also optimized in the case of laser-cut active brazed and plasma-sprayed composites. In terms of roughness, composition and structure of the cut edge, composites can be optimally cut using oxygen as process gas. (orig.).

Social and urban dynamics in Baghdad during the Saldjūq period (mid. Vth/XIth mid. VIth/XIIth c.)

OpenAIRE

Van Renterghem , Vanessa

2008-01-01

Version d'auteur; International audience; Between the mid. 5th/11th and the mid. 6th/X12th century, the domination of the Saljuq sultans over the ʿAbbāsid caliphate caused important social changes in Baghdad. Based mainly on Arabic chronicles and biographical dictionaries and making use of prosopography, this paper focuses on these social changes and on the consequences they had on the development of the city. In the first part it examines the impact of the madrasa-endowment policy, often con...

Studies on 4-[N-(furfural) amino] antipyrine complexes of thorium (IV) and dioxouranium (VI)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agarwal, R.K.; Arora, Kishore; Dutt, Prashant

1997-01-01

Thorium (IV) and dioxouranium (VI) complexes of Schiff base 4-[N-(furfural) amino] antipyrine (FFAP) derived from furfural and 4-aminoantipyrine having general composition ThX 4 .nL (X = Cl - , Br - , NCS - or NO 3 - , n = 2; x = I - or ClO 4 - n = 3, L = FFAP) and UO 2 X 2. nL (X Br - , I - , NCS - ,NO 3 - or CH 3 COO - , n = 2; X = ClO 4 - n = 3, L = FFAP) have been synthesized and characterized by molecular weight, conductivity, IR spectral and thermoanalytical studies. (author)

Far IR spectra of Th(IV) halide complexes of some heterocyclic bases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srivastava, A.K.; Agarwal, R.K.; Srivastava, M.; Kapoor, V.; Srivastava, T.N.

1981-01-01

The synthesis and IR spectra of Th(IV) perchlorato, nitrato and thiocyanato complexes of some heterocyclic bases have been reported. Halogens are common ligands in coordination chemistry forming coordinate bonds with metals readily. Metal halogen (M-X) stretching bands show a strong absorption in the far-IR region. Very little information is available on Th-X stretching frequencies. In the present communication, adducts of Th(IV) halide with certain nitrogen heterocyclic bases such as pyridine, α-picoline, 2-amino pyridine, 2:4-lutidine, 2:6-lutidine, quinoline, 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline were synthesised and characterised. Experimental details are given. Results are presented and discussed. (author)

Thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride ceramics. Waermeleitfaehigkeit von Aluminiumnitrid-Keramik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ruessel, C.; Hofmann, T.; Limmer, G. (Erlangen-Nuernberg Univ., Erlangen (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Werkstoffwissenschaften 3)

Aluminium nitride ceramics made by the authors, as well as others produced commercially, mostly using yttrium oxide as an additive, were characterized with respect to their phase and chemical composition, their microstructure, and their thermal conductivity. It was shown that conventional ideas, especially with regard to the correlations between thermal conductivity and the oxygen content and the microstructure, could not withstand a critical examination. Instead, a connection can be seen between the oxygen not bound up in yttrium-aluminum garnet and thermal conductivity. Relatively low thermal conductivities were always observed when yttrium-aluminum garnet was present as a grain-boundary phase; in contrast, high values of thermal conductivity were seen when the yttrium-aluminum garnet was present in the form of isolated grains. (orig.).

Thermophysical properties and oxygen transport in (Thx,Pu1-x)O2.

Science.gov (United States)

Galvin, C O T; Cooper, M W D; Rushton, M J D; Grimes, R W

2016-10-31

Using Molecular Dynamics, this paper investigates the thermophysical properties and oxygen transport of (Th x ,Pu 1-x )O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) between 300-3500 K. In particular, the superionic transition is investigated and viewed via the thermal dependence of lattice parameter, linear thermal expansion coefficient, enthalpy and specific heat at constant pressure. Oxygen diffusivity and activation enthalpy are also investigated. Below the superionic temperature an increase of oxygen diffusivity for certain compositions of (Th x ,Pu 1-x )O 2 compared to the pure end members is predicted. Oxygen defect formation enthalpies are also examined, as they underpin the superionic transition temperature and the increase in oxygen diffusivity. The increase in oxygen diffusivity for (Th x ,Pu 1-x )O 2 is explained in terms of lower oxygen defect formation enthalpies for (Th x ,Pu 1-x )O 2 than PuO 2 and ThO 2 , while links are drawn between the superionic transition temperature and oxygen Frenkel disorder.

Continuous Autoregulatory Indices Derived from Multi-Modal Monitoring: Each One Is Not Like the Other.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeiler, Frederick A; Donnelly, Joseph; Menon, David K; Smielewski, Peter; Zweifel, Christian; Brady, Ken; Czosnyka, Marek

2017-11-15

We assess the relationships between various continuous measures of autoregulatory capacity in a cohort of adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). We assessed relationships between autoregulatory indices derived from intracranial pressure (ICP: PRx, PAx, RAC), transcranial Doppler (TCD: Mx, Sx, Dx), brain tissue-oxygenation (ORx), and spatially resolved near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS resolved: TOx, THx). Relationships between indices were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient, Friedman test, principal component analysis (PCA), agglomerative hierarchal clustering (AHC) and k-means cluster analysis (KMCA). All analytic techniques were repeated for a range of temporal resolutions of data, including minute-by-minute averages, moving means of 30 samples, and grand mean for each patient. Thirty-seven patients were studied. The PRx displayed strong association with PAx/RAC across all the analytical techniques: Pearson correlation (r = 0.682/r = 0.677, p indices (Mx, Dx) were correlated and co-clustered on PCA, AHC, and KMCA. The Sx was found to be more closely associated with ICP-derived indices on Pearson correlation, PCA, AHC, and KMCA. The NIRS indices displayed variable correlation with each other and with indices derived from ICP and TCD signals. Of interest, TOx and THx co-cluster with ICP-based indices on PCA and AHC. The ORx failed to display any meaningful correlations with other indices in neither of the analytical method used. Thirty-minute moving average and minute-by-minute data set displayed similar results across all the methods. The RAC, Mx, and Sx were the strongest predictors of outcome at six months. Continuously updating autoregulatory indices are not all correlated with one another. Caution must be advised when utilizing less commonly described autoregulation indices (i.e., ORx) for the clinical assessment of autoregulatory capacity, because they appear to not be related to commonly measured/establish indices, such as PRx

Temporal variation of diatom benthic propagules in a monsoon-influenced tropical estuary

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Patil, J.S.; Anil, A.C.

.danLic.jeu Nav.(big)Nav.delNit.angNit.closNit.lonNit.panNit.serNit.sigPle.angSke.cos Sur.spTha.freThal.exc Thal.spp Thx.nit Stress: 0.01 Distance Ske.cos Frag.sp Tha spp Cha.cur Nav.del Nav.sp1 Amp.cof Ast.jap Nav.cru Nit.pan Bid.rho Nit.bil Tha.nit Nav.sp2 Nav... Bottom Centrics 1 Asteromphalus sp. Ast.sp 27 27 2 Bacteriastrum delicatulum Cleve Bac.del 53 3 Bacteriastrum fusus Bac.fus 27 4 Bacteriastrum hyalinum Lauder Bac.hya 533 347 5 Bacteriastrum varians Bac.var 27 6 Biddulphia granulata Bid.gra 3 7 Biddulphia...

Koncepce tlačítkového piezo-generátoru

OpenAIRE

Kučera, David

2012-01-01

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá koncepcí tlačítkového piezo-generátoru. V práci jsou popsány typy piezo-generátorů, vysvětlen piezoelektrický jev, typy piezoelektrických materiálů se zaměřením na piezokeramiku. Dále jsou popsány materiálové vlastnosti piezoelektrických keramik. Na konci práce je popsán návrh samotného tlačítkového piezo-generátoru. This bachelor’s thesis deals with proposal of piezo-generator inside button. There are described types of piezo-generators, explained piezoelec...

Atomistic modeling of the solid-state chemistry of actinide materials

Science.gov (United States)

Shuller, Lindsay C.

Materials that incorporate actinides are critical to the nuclear fuel cycle, either as nuclear fuels or nuclear waste forms. In this thesis, I examine four materials: i) ThO2-UO2 solid solutions, ii) binary ThO2-CeO2-ZrO2 solid solutions, iii) Np-doped studtite, iv) Np-doped boltwoodite. Computational methods, particularly density functional theory (DFT) calculations and Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations, are used to determine the energetics and structures of these actinide-bearing materials. The solid-solution behavior of nuclear fuels and nuclear waste forms indicate the thermodynamic stability of the material, which is important for understanding the in-reactor fuel properties and long-term stability of used fuel. The ThxU1-xO2 and ThxCe 1-xO2 binaries are almost completely miscible; however, DeltaGmix reveals a small tendency for the systems to exsolve (e.g., DeltaEexsoln(Th xU1-xO2) = 0.13 kJ/(mol cations) at 750 K). Kinetic hindrances (e.g., interfacial energy) may inhibit exsolution, especially at the low temperatures necessary to stabilize the nanoscale exsolution lamellae observed in the ThxU1-xO2 and Ce xZr1-xO2 binaries. Miscibility in the Zr-bearing binaries is limited. At 1400 °C, only 3.6 and 0.09 mol% ZrO2 is miscible in CeO2 and ThO2, respectively. The incorporation of minor amounts of Np5+,6+ into uranium alteration phases, e.g., studtite [UO2O2 (H2O)4] or boltwoodite [K(UO2)(SiO 3OH)(H2O)1.5] , may limit the mobility of aqueous neptunyl complexes released from oxidized nuclear fuels. Np6+-incorporation into studtite requires less energy than Np5+-incorporation (e.g., with source/sink = Np2O5/UO 3 DeltaEincorp(Np6+) = 0.42 eV and DeltaEincorp(Np5+) = 1.12 eV). In addition, Np6+ is completely miscible in studtite at room temperature with respect to a hypothetical Np6+-studtite. Electronic structure calculations provide insight into Np-bonding in studtite. The Np 5f orbitals are within the band gap of studtite, resulting in the narrowing of the band gap

Situs Permukiman Kuno di Waeyasel Kecamatan Leihitu Barat Maluku Tengah

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Marlyn Salhuteru

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Situs permukiman kuno yang terdapat di dusun Waeyasel, penduduk setempat menyebutnya Kota Mulu adalah sebuah dataran di antara bukit karang yang cukup terjal. Penduduk di sekitar situs meyakini bahwa Kota Mulu adalah lokasi permukiman masyarakat Waeyasel pada masa lampau. Tim penelitian Balai Arkeologi Ambon melakukan penelitian di situs ini dengan menerapkan metode survei permukaan bertujuan untuk mendata dan mendokumentasikan sebanyak mungkin data arkeologi. Penelitian ini  menghasilkan sejumlah data arkeologi yang berciri megalitik berupa dolmen, sejumlah fragmentaris keramik lokal maupun keramik asing, dan sebuah makam. Sementara dapat disimpulkan bahwa situs kota mulu adalah situs permukiman yang didalamnya juga berlangsung kegiatan sakral sesuai dengan kepercayaan penghuninya, yang dibuktikan dengan keberadaan dolmen sebagai media upacara megalitik. Sedangkan keberadaan makam pada situs ini oleh penduduk sekitar dikatakan merupakan makam dari seorang pesiar agama Islam yang menyebarkan ajaran agama di waeyasel dan sekitarnya. Beliau kemudian meninggal dan dimakamkan di lokasi ini.   Site of ancient settlements located in the hamlet Waeyasel, the locals call it the City Mulu is a plateau in between fairly steep cliff. Residents around the site believes that the City Mulu is Waeyasel community settlements in the past. Ambon Archaeological Institute research team conducted research at this site by applying the method of surface survey aims to assess and document the archaeological data as much as possible. This study resulted in a number of archaeological data, characterized by megalithic dolmen form, a number of fragmentary local and foreign ceramics ceramics, and a tomb. While it can be concluded that the site Mulu city is the site of settlements which also takes place in accordance with the trust sacred activity occupants, as evidenced by the presence of megalithic dolmen as a media ceremony. While the existence of the tomb on this site

Materijali za izradu mikroreaktora

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Zana Hajdari Gretić

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Mikroreaktori su reaktorski sustavi izvedeni u mikroskopskom mjerilu, a zbog svoje velike međufazne površine imaju prednosti u odnosu na klasične – makroreaktorske sustave. Odabir materijala za izradu mikroreaktora ovisi o vrsti reakcije koja se provodi u sustavu, kompatibilnosti otapala i materijala, mehaničkim zahtjevima te o cijeni i dostupnosti na tržištu. Materijali koji se najčešće upotrebljavaju za izradu su različite vrste stakla, keramike, metali te polimerni materijali. Ovisno o materijalu odabiru se postupci izrade, a najčešći postupci su jetkanje, litografija, pjeskarenje, strojna obrada, injekcijsko prešanje te aditivni postupci izrade. Cilj ovog rada je predstaviti najčešće materijale i postupke izrade mikroreaktora.

Integrasi Supplier, Produsen, Dan Pelanggan Pada UKM Keramik Dinoyo Dengan Cloud Computing

OpenAIRE

Santoso, Purnomo Budi; Choiri, Moch; Rahman, Arif

2013-01-01

Globalization forces company as well as small medium enterprise (SME) to face broader market competition. Ceramics small medium enterprises at Dinoyo, Malang are categorized as popular and competitive SME in Indonesia. Ceramics SME Dinoyo have to do continous improvement in order to win the market. The improvement must do to the entire supply chain, including the order receive or forecast system, the production process, and the delivery process to customer. Supply chain approach will give adv...

Vergleichende Untersuchungen zum Verbund von Cobalt-Basis-Legierungen und Metall-Keramik-Verbundsystemen

OpenAIRE

Herms-Westendorf, Lea Maria

2017-01-01

This thesis aims to answer the question: Does the use of bonding agents and cobalt chromium alloys with variable degrees of rigidity have an effect on the bonding strength of metal fused to ceramic systems? The 3 point flexural test of SCHWICKERATH (DIN EN ISO 9693) served as the basis for the studies. Test samples included omitting or including the bonding agent NP Bond® (VITA) and choosing either a more stable (Wirobond® 280) or more flexible dental alloy (Wirobond® C) (BEGO). The used c...

PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU BASE MATERIAL PADA INDUSTRI KERAMIK DI PT. XYZ

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Lidya Susanti

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Inventory of raw materials in the company is very important, so it has to be controlled. A good inventory control of raw materials should be supported with cost efficiency. This study was to analyze factors that cause the base material inventories excess at PT. XYZ and analyze the purpose of the base material inventories to be controlled. The reseacrh was using a fish bone method and continue with using pairwise comparison method assisted with the expert choice 2000 software. The classification result based on ABC analysis, the selected item that was going to be analyzed was the A category items.The items that are included in the A category are clay ex belitung jw, clay ja 1/ja b and sodium feldspar. The EOQ equations model was used to answer the purpose of the base material inventories control. Based from the EOQ model, the needed quantity, order quantity, order frequency, reorder point (ROP, total order cost (TOC, total carrying cost (TCC, and total inventory cost (TIC could be obtained. The comparison of the total cost of inventory among the EOQ model and company policies showed that the EOQ model in seven months can save up to Rp311.612.769. PT. XYZ could minimize the base material inventory costs by calculating the costs incurred. The EOQ model could be implemented if all of the departments involved are well cooperated. PT. XYZ should also be able to make inventory control standards which are quantity order, order frequency, and reorder point. Keywords: Cost, EOQ, frequency, inventory, ROPABSTRAKPersediaan bahan baku pada perusahaan sangatlah penting, sehingga harus dapat dikendalikan. Pengendalian persediaan bahan baku yang baik harus didukung dengan efisiensi biaya. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kondisi persediaan bahan baku base material berlebih di PT. XYZ dan menganalisis persediaan bahan baku base material agar dapat dikendalikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode fish bone dilanjutkan dengan metode pairwise comparison dengan dibantu software expert choice 2000. Hasil pengklasifikasian berdasarkan analisis ABC item yang akan di analisis yaitu item yang termasuk klasifikasi A. Item yang termasuk klasifikasi A yaitu clay ex belitung jw, clay ja 1/ja b dan sodium feldspar. Persamaan-persamaan model Economic Order Quantity (EOQ digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan dari pengendalian persediaan bahan baku base material. Pada model EOQ didapatkan jumlah kebutuhan, banyaknya jumlah setiap pemesanan, frekuensi pemesanan, titik pemesanan ulang (ROP, total biaya pesan (TOC, total biaya simpan (TCC dan total biaya persediaan (TIC. Hasil perbandingan total biaya persediaan antara model EOQ dan kebijakan perusahaan didapatkan hasil bahwa dengan menggunakan model EOQ dalam tujuh bulan dapat menghemat Rp311.612.769. PT. XYZ dapat meminimalkan biaya persediaan bahan baku base material dengan melakukan perhitungan biaya-biaya yang ditimbulkan. Model EOQ dapat dijalankan ketika semua Departemen yang terlibat dapat bekerjasama dengan baik. PT. XYZ pun harus dapat membuat standar pengendalian persediaan yaitu jumlah setiap kali pemesanan, frekuensi pemesanan, titik pemesanan ulang. Kata kunci: Biaya, EOQ, frekuensi, persediaan, ROP

The normal state resistivity of CaTh- and La-doped Y(Nd-123 superconductors in the bipolaron model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Ghorbani

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Polycrystalline samples of Y1-2xCaxThxBa2Cu3O7-δ (with 0.00 ≤x ≤ 0.075 and NdBa2-xLaxCu3O7-δ (with 0.0≤x≤ 0.30 were prepared by the standard solid state method. The transport and superconducting properties have been studied by the resistivity measurements as a function of temperature and doping concentration. Data of resistivity as a function of temperature was analyzed in terms of the bipolaran model. The model well described resistivity data up to near the critical temperature. Obtained results suggested that the hole localization is the main reason for superconducting suppression in the charge neutral doped cuprates and the La doped Nd-123 in addition charge filling.

PERENCANAAN PEMELIHARAAN MESIN BALLMILL DENGAN BASIS RCM (RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE

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Ahmad Kholid Alghofari

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Aktifitas produksi sering mengalami hambatan dikarenakan tidak berfungsinya mesin-mesin produksi yang dalam industri manufaktur merupakan komponen utama. Kegagalan beroperasi mesin mengakibatkan downtime yang ujung-ujungnya menurunkan produktifitas perusahaan. Oleh karenanya diperlukan sebuah sistem perencanaan pemeliharaan agar menghasilkan availability (ketersediaan mesin yang optimal. Perusahaan yang dijadikan proyek penelitian adalah PT. Sici Multi IndoMarmer yang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang produksi keramik (kloset jongkok, kloset duduk, washtafel, tempat sabun dimana sistem pemeliharaan mesin, khususnya mesin ballmill yang telah dilakukan masih bersifat corrective maintenance. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi RCM (reliability centered maintenance untuk dapat menentukan pemeliharan yang optimal serta dapat memprediksikan langkah untuk mengatasi kerusakan yang mungkin terjadi pada periode berikutnya berdasarkan data-data yang ada. Dari pengolahan data dan analisa diperoleh komponen-komponen yang paling sering mengalami kerusakan pada mesin ballmill , penyebab kegagalan, keputusan seleksi dan rekomendasi yang dianjurkan untuk sistem pemeliharaan dengan basis RCM.

Gasoline ether oxygenate occurrence in Europe, and a review of their fate and transport characteristics in the environment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stupp, D.; Gass, M.; Leiteritz, H. [Dr. Stupp Consulting DSC, Tauw, Bergisch Gladbach (Germany); Pijls, C. [TAUW, Apeldoorn (Netherlands); Thornton, S. [University of Sheffield, Sheffield (United Kingdom); Smith, J.; Dunk, M.; Grosjean, T.; Den Haan, K. [CONCAWE, Brussels (Belgium)

2012-06-15

Ether oxygenates are added to certain gasoline (petrol) formulations to improve combustion efficiency and to increase the octane rating. In this report the term gasoline ether oxygenates (GEO) refers collectively to methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE), tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), tertiary amyl ethyl ether (TAEE), tertiary hexyl methyl ether (THxME), and tertiary hexyl ethyl ether (THxEE), as well as the associated tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA). This report presents newly collated data on the production capacities and use of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE and TBA in 30 countries (27 EU countries and Croatia, Norway and Switzerland) to inform continued and effective environmental management practices for GEO by CONCAWE members. The report comprises data on gasoline use in Europe that were provided by CONCAWE and obtained from the European Commission. Furthermore Societe Generale de Surveillance (SGS) provided detailed analytical data (more than 1,200 sampling campaigns) on the GEO composition of gasoline in European countries in the period 2000-2010. Another major aspect of this report is the investigation of GEO distribution in groundwater, drinking water, surface water, runoff water, precipitation (rain/snow) and air in the European environment. Apart from the general sources of literature for the study, local environmental authorities and institutes in the 30 European countries have been contacted for additional information. Finally, a review of the international literature on GEO natural attenuation processes was undertaken with a focus on international reports and peer-reviewed scientific publications to give an overview on the known fate, transport and degradation mechanisms of GEO in the subsurface, to inform risk-management strategies that may rely on natural attenuation processes. The literature reveals that all GEO compounds used in fuels are highly water soluble and weakly retarded by aquifer

Pendekatan One Village One Product (OVOP untuk Mengembangkan Potensi Kerajinan Daerah. Studi Kasus: Kerajinan Gerabah di Kecamatan Plered, Kabupaten Purwakarta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meirina Triharini

2014-01-01

Full Text Available One Village One Product (OVOP adalah suatu pendekatan pembangunan daerah yang bertujuan untuk memajukan ekonomi daerah tersebut.  Konsep OVOP berasal dari Oita, Jepang dan diadopsi oleh berbagai negara di dunia. Indonesia melalui Kementerian Perindustrian sejak tahun 2008 melaksa-nakan program OVOP yang bertujuan untuk memajukan potensi industri kecil dan menengah kerajinan di sepuluh wilayah di Indonesia, termasuk Purwakarta dengan potensi kerajinan gerabah dan keramik hias. Penerapan OVOP dalam rangka memajukan industri kerajinan memerlukan strategi yang sesuai dengan prinsip mendasar OVOP dan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh industri produk kerajinan di daerah sasaranPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan OVOP di Indonesia yang telah berlangsung sejak tahun 2008 dan menyusun sebuah rekomendasi bagi pengembangan potensi produk kerajinan dengan pendekatan OVOP dengan mengambil studi kasus di Plered, Purwakarta. Rekomendasi ditujukan bagi pemerintah sebagai pemangku kebijakan, masyarakat sebagai pelaksana, dan pihak swasta, khususnya akademisi desain atau desainer professional.Selain pentingnya konsistensi pemerintah dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam melaksanakan dan mengawasi berjalannya program yang telah disusun, pengembangan desain produk kerajinan memegang peranan yang sangat penting. Diperlukan peran desainer yang sangat kuat untuk dapat mengembangkan desain yang dapat memahami kebutuhan pasar sekaligus mempertahankan nilai-nilai tradisional kerajinan dan menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh industri.Kata kunci: gerabah; kerajinan; keramik; OVOP; Purwakarta.One Village One Product (OVOP is a regional development approach that aims to promote the economy of a region. The concept of OVOP was origined from Oita, Japan, and adopted by various countries in the world. Indonesia through the Ministry of Industry since 2008 implementing OVOP program that aims to promote the potential of small and medium

Römerzeitliche keramik aus dem nordöstlichen Turm der Römerstadt Horreum Margi

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Petković Sofija

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Ćuprija, die ehemalige Römerstadt Horreum Margi, liegt im zentralen Teil Serbiens, an der Mündung des Flusses Ravanica in die Morava. Der Ort war ein Militärlager und spielte eine wichtige Rolle als Sammlungszentrum der Römerprovinz Moesia Superior (Moesia Prima. Zwischen 1986 und 1990 fanden die Ausgrabungen von Horreum Margi statt. Dabei wurden der Innenraum der spätrömischen Festung, die nördliche Mauer und der nordöstliche Turm erforscht. Während der Ausgrabung im Turm wurden unterschiedliche Keramiktypen entdeckt. Schüsseln (acht Typen bilden dabei die Mehrheit. Danach kommen Töpfe (sieben Typen, Amphoren (zwei Typen, Krüge (zwei Typen, Deckel (ein Typ und Becher (ein Typ. Sie gehören alle zu einer komplexen spätrömerzeitlichen Typologie, die für diese Fundstelle erstellt wurde und entsprechen zu den restlichen Keramiktypen, die im Festungsinneren und entlang der Nordmauer ausgegraben kamen. Der Text bietet einen Überblick aller Keramiktypen an, die im nordöstlichen Turm der Römerfestung Horreum Margi entdeckt wurden. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177007: Romanisierung, Urbanisierung und Transformation städtischer Zentren vomzivilen, militärischen und Wohnungscharakter in den römischen Provinzen auf dem Territorium Serbiens i br. 177007: Viminacium dierömische Stadt und Militärlager-Forschung der materiellen und geistigen Hinterlassenschaft mit der Verwendung moderner Technologien: Ferndetektion, Geophysik, Gis Digitalisierung und 3.D Visualisierung

Development of ceramics based fuel, Phase II; Razvoj goriva na bazi keramike, II faza

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ristic, M M [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Laboratorija za reaktorske materijale, Beograd (Serbia and Montenegro)

1962-12-15

Phase II of this task covers the following: testing the changes of UO{sub 2} properties during sintering; interpretation of results obtained from the analysis of the sintering process kinetics; fabrication of UO{sub 2} samples with cladding by vibrational compacting.

PENTINGNYA KARAKTERISTIK TUNGKU UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN BEBAN, HARGA JUAL, DAN PROFITABILITAS PATUNG BARONG BERMEDIA KERAMIK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I Nyoman Normal

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of this research was to determine the influence of stove characteristics to production cost price, saleprice, and profitability. The research results showed that the stove characteristics influenced the productioncost price of barong statue. The production cost price of barong statue by small stove was Rp 93.495,95 eachunit, by medium stove was Rp 91.423,81 each unit, and by big stove was Rp 89.040,23 each unit. The costprice of production of barong statue decreased 2,21 % for medium stove, and 4,76% for big stove. From thefinancial management side, the good management of financial resources in manufacturing barong statue couldcreate more accurate the production cost price; the stove characteristics influenced cost price of barong statue.The sale price of barong statue by small size stove was Rp 121.539,54 each unit, by medium stove was Rp118.850,95 each unit, and by the big stove was Rp 115.752,30 each unit. The sale price of barong statuedecreased 2,21% for medium stove, and 4,76% for big stove. The determination of cost price exactly couldcreate financial structure well because cost price is an element of sales; and the stove characteristics influencedthe profitability of barong statue. The profitability of barong statue by small stove was 11,54%, by mediumstove was 11,54%, and by big stove was 11,54%. The profitability of barong statue did not differ from thesmall, medium and big stove. The management of fire stove and productive assets effectively could increaseprofitability as part of financial management for short term, middle term, and long term.

Silicon carbide, a ceramic material for the pump technology?; Siliciumcarbid - eine Keramik fuer die Pumpentechnologie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vitzthum, E. [CeramTec AG, Lauf (Germany). Marketing und Customer Service

2000-12-01

Pumping of gases and liquids makes extreme demands on sliding bearings and their seals, especially if the material to be pumped is corrosive or contains abrasive constituents. Wear and corrosion are important economic factors. They shorten the life of machines and systems and cause standstill times and repair cost. All this decides the profitability of pumps and the competitive strength of products. In view of all this, it becomes clear why optimal materials selection is a crucial points in pumps and pumping systems. [German] Beim Foerdern von Gasen und Fluessigkeiten werden extrem hohe Anforderungen an Gleitlager und Gleitringdichtungen in Pumpen gestellt, die im direkten Kontakt mit dem zu foerdernden Medium sind, besonders dann, wenn das Medium korrosiv ist oder abrasive Bestandteile enthaelt. Verschleiss und Korrosion sind wesentliche Wirtschaftsfaktoren. Sie bestimmen die Standzeit von Maschinen und Anlagen, verursachen Betriebsstillstandszeiten und Reparaturkosten. Diese entscheiden ueber die Rentabilitaet von Prozessen und die Wettbewerbsfaehigkeit von Produkten, was eine optimale Auswahl des Werkstoffs auch in Pumpen und Pumpenanlagen unerlaesslich macht. (orig.)

Fibre-reinforced SiC ceramics: Properties and applications; Faserverstaerkte SiC-Keramik: Eigenschaften und Anwendungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leuchs, M. [MT Aerospace AG, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Str. 5, 86153 Augsburg (Germany)

2006-04-15

Composite ceramics can be produced by different processes resulting in different qualities. A composite ceramic material with C or SiC fibres and a SiC matrix is presented which is produced by chemical vapour infiltration (CVI). The material characteristics are defined by the embedding of the fibres in the matrix. For full utilisation of the strength and elasticity of the fibres, weak coupling between the fibres and matrix is required. The measured cracking resistances are similar to those of metals, e.g. grey cast iron. Applications so far have focused on applications where known materials cannot be used, e.g. because of high temperatures, thermoshock and brittle fracture problems, and wear. Examples are control flaps in aerospace applications are exposed to temperatures above 1600 degree C during re-entry into the earth atmosphere and heavy-duty sliding bearings in industrial pumps where ceramic composite materials have been in use for more than a decade. (orig.) [German] Mit Verbundkeramiken ist eine Werkstoffklasse entstanden, bei denen sich verschiedene Herstellverfahren mit unterschiedlichen Qualitaeten entwickelt haben [1]. Es wird eine Verbundkeramik mit C- bzw. SiC-Fasern und SiC-Matrix vorgestellt, die ueber die Infiltration der Fasern mit dem CVI-Verfahren (Chemical Vapour Infiltration) hergestellt wird [2]. Die Eigenschaften werden bestimmt durch die Qualitaet der Einbettung der Fasern in die Matrix. Nur eine schwache Ankopplung zwischen Fasern und Matrix erlaubt es, Festigkeit und Dehnbarkeit der Fasern auszunutzen. Die gemessenen Risswiderstaende solcher Verbundkeramiken liegen im Bereich von Metallen wie zum Beispiel Grauguss. Anwendungen konzentrieren sich bisher auf Gebiete, in denen die bekannten Werkstoffe nicht eingesetzt werden koennen. Gruende hierfuer sind zum Beispiel zu hohe Temperaturen, Thermoschock- und Sproedbruchverhalten und Verschleiss. Beispiele sind Steuerklappen aus dem Bereich der Raumfahrt, die beim Wiedereintritt in die Erdatmosphaere Temperaturen ueber 1600 C ausgesetzt sind, und hoch belastete Gleitlager fuer Grosspumpen, in denen Verbundkeramik seit ueber zehn Jahren als Wellenschutzhuelse eingesetzt wird. (Abstract Copyright [2006], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Measurement of {sigma}(e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) from threshold to 0.85 GeV{sup 2} using initial state radiation with the KLOE detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ambrosino, F. [Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche dell' Universita ' Federico II' , Napoli (Italy); INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli (Italy); Archilli, F. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' Tor Vergata, Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma (Italy); Beltrame, P., E-mail: beltrame@kph.uni-mainz.de [Institut fuer Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet Mainz (Germany); Bencivenni, G. [Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati (Italy); Bini, C. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' La Sapienza' , Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma (Italy); Bloise, C. [Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati (Italy); Bocchetta, S. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' Roma Tre' , Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Roma (Italy); Bossi, F. [Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati (Italy); Branchini, P. [INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Roma (Italy); Capon, G.; Capussela, T. [Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati (Italy); Ceradini, F. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' Roma Tre' , Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Roma (Italy); Ciambrone, P.; De Lucia, E. [Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati (Italy); De Santis, A. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' La Sapienza' , Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma (Italy); De Simone, P. [Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell' INFN, Frascati (Italy); De Zorzi, G. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' La Sapienza' , Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma (Italy); Denig, A., E-mail: denig@kph.uni-mainz.de [Institut fuer Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet Mainz (Germany); Di Domenico, A. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Universita ' La Sapienza' , Roma (Italy); INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma (Italy); Di Donato, C. [INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli (Italy)

2011-06-06

We have measured the cross section of the radiative process e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{gamma} with the KLOE detector at the Frascati {phi}-factory DA{Phi}NE, from events taken at a CM energy W=1 GeV. Initial state radiation allows us to obtain the cross section for e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, the pion form factor {sup 2}|F{sub {pi}}| and the dipion contribution to the muon magnetic moment anomaly, {Delta}a{sub {mu}}{sup {pi}{pi}}=(478.5{+-}2.0{sub stat}{+-}5.0{sub syst}{+-}4.5{sub th})x10{sup -10} in the range 0.1

Macrophage Interaction with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Yeast Cells Modulates Fungal Metabolism and Generates a Response to Oxidative Stress.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Alves Parente-Rocha

Full Text Available Macrophages are key players during Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. However, the relative contribution of the fungal response to counteracting macrophage activity remains poorly understood. In this work, we evaluated the P. brasiliensis proteomic response to macrophage internalization. A total of 308 differentially expressed proteins were detected in P. brasiliensis during infection. The positively regulated proteins included those involved in alternative carbon metabolism, such as enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids catabolism. The down-regulated proteins during P. brasiliensis internalization in macrophages included those related to glycolysis and protein synthesis. Proteins involved in the oxidative stress response in P. brasiliensis yeast cells were also up-regulated during macrophage infection, including superoxide dismutases (SOD, thioredoxins (THX and cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP. Antisense knockdown mutants evaluated the importance of CCP during macrophage infection. The results suggested that CCP is involved in a complex system of protection against oxidative stress and that gene silencing of this component of the antioxidant system diminished the survival of P. brasiliensis in macrophages and in a murine model of infection.

Tris(Cyclopentadienyl)Uranium-t-Butyl: Synthesis, reactions, and mechanisms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weydert, M.

1993-04-01

Compounds (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 3]U(t-Bu) were prepared for R = H, Me, Et. Their decomposition products in aromatic solvents are consistent with a radical decomposition pathway induced by solvent-assisted U-C bond homolysis. NMR was used to study the reactions of (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 3]UCl with t-BuLi (R = t-Bu, Me[sub 3]Si). Reactions of (MeC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 3]U(t-Bu) with Lewis bases and fluorocarbons were studied. Analogous reaction chemistry between (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 3]ThX systems and t-BuLi was also studied, and reactivity differences between U and Th are discussed. Synthesis of sterically crowded (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 4]U compounds is next considered. Reaction of the trivalent (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 3]U with (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 2]Hg results in formation of (RC[sub 5]H[sub 4])[sub 4]U. Steric congestion, cyclopentadienyl ligand exchange, and electron transfer are discussed. (DLC)

Processing and characterisation of novel metal-reinforced Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-composites; Herstellung und Charakterisierung neuartiger metallverstaerkter Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-Verbundwerkstoffe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guenther, R. [GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH (Germany). Inst. fuer Werkstofforschung

1999-07-01

Using a new processing route, Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-based ceramic composites have been prepared, that consist of 3-d networks of the ceramic and different metallic phases. The damage tolerance of these composites could be significantly improved over monolithic Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}: fracture strength and fracture toughness were increased by a factor of 4 up to 1393 MPa and 11.8 MPa {radical}(m), respectively. Similarly, resistance against abrasive wear was successfully improved by a factor of two over monolithic Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. In combination with the good electrical and thermal conductivity, these superior mechanical properties are of great interest for automotive and biomedical industries. (orig.) [German] Mit einem neu entwickelten Verfahren werden keramische Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-Verbundwerkstoffe hergestellt, die sich durch eine dreidimensionale Vernetzung der (inter)metallischen und der keramischen Phase auszeichnen. Die Schadenstoleranz derartiger Verbundwerkstoffe konnte im Vergleich zu monolithischer Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-Keramik deutlich gesteigert werden: Die Bruchfestigkeit und die Bruchzaehigkeit wurden jeweils um einen Faktor 4 auf 1393 MPa bzw. 11,8 MPa {radical}(m) erhoeht, die Abriebfestigkeit um einen Faktor 2 verbessert. In Kombination mit der elektrischen und thermischen Leitfaehigkeit sind diese aussergewoehnlichen mechanischen Eigenschaften in Automobilbau und in der Medizintechnik von grossem Interesse. (orig.)

Die Entwicklung der Keramik von 3000 BP bis zur Gegenwart in den Tonebenen südlich des Tschadsees

OpenAIRE

Wiesmüller, Birgitt

2003-01-01

Den Kern der hier vorliegenden Arbeit bildet die Gliederung der Keramikfunde von drei Siedlungshügeln aus den Tonebenen (auch firki genannt) des südwestlichen Tschadbeckens Nordost- Nigerias. Obwohl das Gebiet in den 60er Jahren bereits archäologisch erschlossen wurde, waren die keramikchronologischen Aspekte nur oberflächlich abgehandelt worden. Ziel der Arbeit war somit die Erstellung einer grundlegenden Keramikchronologie anhand der sehr umfangreichen Fundmengen aus den Siedlungshügeln Kur...

Polydatin Attenuates H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress via PKC Pathway

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Huilian Qiao

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction, which is found to precede the development of diverse cardiovascular diseases (CVDs. The aim of this study was to observe the protective effects of PD against H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury (OSI in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs and the possible mechanism of PD in OSI treatment. HUVECs were subjected to H2O2 in the absence or presence of PD. It turned out that PD improved cell viability and adhesive and migratory abilities, inhibited the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH and reactive oxygen species (ROS, and elevated the content of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase (SOD. TUNEL, fluorometric assays, and Western blotting showed that OSI upregulated the apoptosis ratio, the activity of caspase-3 and the level of proapoptotic protein Bax and decreased the level of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. However, PD treatment partially reversed these damage effects and Protein Kinase C (PKC activation by thymeleatoxin (THX in turn eliminated the antiapoptotic effect of PD. Furthermore, PD attenuated the H2O2-induced phosphorylation of PKCs α and δ and increased the phosphorylation of PKC ε. Our results indicated that PD might exert protective effects against OSI through various interactions with PKC pathway.

Efficient sorting of waste by means of dry stabilisation and separation of inert materials; Effiziente Sortierung von Restabfall durch Trockenstabilisierung und Inertstoffabscheidung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heering, B.M. [Herhof-Umwelt GmbH, Solms-Niederbiel (Germany); Heil, J. [Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Kokereiwesen, Brikettierung und Thermische Abfallbehandlung, Aachen (Germany)

1999-07-01

Sorting of waste takes place in two stages: First, the waste is dried to a moisture of 15 % by weight, making use of its microbial activities. After this, the stabilised residue is sorted according to grain size, density, magnetic susceiptibility, electric conductivity, and comminution characteristics. This way, recyclable materials are recovered almost completely (e.g. metals, stone, ceramics, glass). The refuse-derived fuel fraction has significantly lower heavy metal concentrations because the metals were sorted out, and its calorific value and homogemeity are optimised as well. The fuel fraction can be combusted at once or stored for further use. [German] Die stoffliche Trennung des Restabfalls kann in zwei aufeinander folgende Schritte unterteilt werden. Den ersten Schritt stellt eine Trocknung unter Ausnutzung der mikrobiellen Aktivitaeten des Materials dar. Durch diese Massnahme wird ein trockenes Material mit einer Restfeuchte von unter 15 Gew.-% erzeugt. Den zweiten Verfahrensschritt stellt die Sortierung des stabilisierten Restabfall dar. Als Sortierkriterium werden die Eigenschaften Korngroesse, Dichte, magnetische Suszeptibilitaet, elektrische Leitfaehigkeit und Zerkleinerungsverhalten angewandt. Hierdruch ist eine nahezu vollstaendige und sortenreine Rueckgewinnung der im Abfall enthaltenen Wertstoffe wie Eisen-/Nichteisenmetalle, Steine/Keramik und Glas sichergestellt. Weiterhin erhaelt man als Brennstofffraktion das Trockenstabilat {sup circledR}. Aufgrund der Abtrennung der hauptsaechlichen Schwermetalltraeger, Eisen- und Nichteisenmetalle, besitzt dieser Sekundaerbrennstoff gegenueber dem unbehandeltem Restabfall deutlich verminderte Schwermetallkonzentrationen. Zudem sind seine verbrennungstechnisch relevanten Eigenschaften Heizwert und Homogenitaet deutlich optimiert. Das Trockenstabilat {sup circledR} wird sofort oder zeitversetzt der energetischen Verwertung zugefuehrt. (orig.)

Fibre-reinforced ceramics for vehicle brakes; Faserverstaerkte Keramiken fuer Bremsenanwendungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krenkel, W. [DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Stuttgart (Germany). Inst. fuer Bauweisen- und Konstruktionsforschung

2000-08-01

Fibre-reinforced ceramics are extremely light, with a high fracture toughness, and have a high potential for applications in motor brakes. It is envisaged that they will last through the whole vehicle life. They can be used in passenger cars, industrial vehicles, high-speed trains, aircraft and in safety brakes in machines, plants and haulage systems. [German] Im Rahmen der Raumfahrt-Forschung wurde vom Deutschen Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) das Fluessigsilicier-Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen Verbundwerkstoffen entwickelt. Diese extrem leichten und bruchzaehen Faserkeramiken haben sich unter den besonderen Bedingungen des Weltraums beispielsweise fuer Hitzeschutzstrukturen von Raumfahrzeugen hervorragend bewaehrt. Darueber hinaus zeigten Untersuchungen ein hohes Anwendungspotenzial fuer neue Bremsen mit deutlich verbesserten Reibungs- und Verschleisseigenschaften. Weiterentwicklungen des keramischen Gefueges fuehrten zu innovativen Leichtbau- bzw. Hochleistungs-Bremsen auf der Basis dieser harten und hitzebestaendigen Verbundwerkstoffe. Bereits mit serienmaessigen Bremsbelaegen wurden die heute geltenden Verschleiss- und Reibwertanforderungen teilweise weit uebertroffen. Die Leistungsfaehigkeit heutiger Bremssysteme kann damit deutlich gesteigert und die ungefederte Masse des Fahrwerks drastisch reduziert werden. Mit der zielgerichteten Anpassung geeigneter Belaege auf die neuen Keramik-Bremsscheiben scheint erstmals ein Einsatz von Lebensdauerbremsen moeglich zu sein, deren geringe Verschleissraten einen Austausch der Bremsscheiben waehrend der Betriebszeit eines Fahrzeugs ueberfluessig machen. Neben der Verwendung dieser innovativen Leichtbaubremsen im PKW-Bereich wird zukuenftig deren Einsatz auch fuer Gefahrguttransporter, Hochgeschwindigkeitszuege, Flugzeuge und fuer Sicherheitsbremsen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau sowie in der Foerdertechnik erwartet. (orig.)

Aktifitas Perdagangan Lokal di Kepualuan Maluku Abad 15 M - 19 M, Tinjauan Awal Berdasarkan Data Keramik Asing dan Komoditas Lokal

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Wuri Handoko

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Famous Moluccas Archipelago as its heaven is mace, this matter cause commers activity in this archipelago region like fun, since early recognizing of commerce till a period to its top when Arab merchant, Chinese, and Europe enter this region, noise Avtivities commerce, not even unrightiously is foreign but also commerce in internal scope (local. Local Activities Commerce depict transfer noise (intersection commodity of among commercial area which is one with other commercial area in region of coastal area in Moluccas archipelago scope. Local trade also depict activities exchange commodity of among coastal area and hinterland. In archaeology study, foreign ceramic data can play role to depict that matter. This matter remember foreign finding ceramic is not even found in seaboard of found also in sies archaeology in this area hinterland. This study is goods transfer of between seaboard with hinterland can be tracked.

MARCKO thermal insulation layers. Life predictions for thermal insulation and antioxidant layers. Final report; MARCKO-Waermedaemmschichten. Methoden zur Lebensdauervorhersage von Waermedaemm- und Oxidationsschutzschichten. Schlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schuetze, M.

2003-07-01

, Rolls-Royce und Siemens als Industriepartner und FZ-Juelich, DLR und DECHEMA als Institute beteiligt waren, wurden Arbeiten zur Entwicklung eines Lebensdauermodells fuer einkristalline, keramisch beschichtete Gasturbinenschaufeln durchgefuehrt. Dieses Modell soll zuverlaessige Voraussagen ueber die Zeitdauer der Haltbarkeit der Keramik und der Haftvermittlerschicht unter verschiedenen Betriebsbedingungen ermoeglichen. Die Aufgabe des Karl-Winnacker-Instituts der DECHEMA e.V. im Rahmen dieses Verbundprojektes bestand zunaechst in isothermen Oxidationsversuchen, die bei 950 C-1100 C an Laborluft durchgefuehrt wurden. Anschliessend wurde das Oxidationsverhalten anhand von metallographischen Schliffen charakterisiert. Dabei wurde besonderes Augenmerk auf die Entwicklung der TGO (Thermally Grown Oxide)-Schichtdicken, der oxidschichtseitigen Aluminiumverarmung im Bond Coat sowie der physikalischen Defekte in Form von Poren, Porenpopulationen und Mikrorissen innerhalb bzw. in unmittelbarer Naehe der TGO gelegt. Erstmalig wurden diese Mikrorisse postexperimentell anhand von rasterelektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen klassifiziert und die maximalen Abmessungen solcher Risse in Abhaengigkeit der Auslagerungsdauer quantifiziert. Fuer alle diese Parameter wurden Kinetiken ermittelt. Weiterhin wurden wachstumsinduzierte, laterale Spannungen in der TGO anhand der Durchbiegung einer duennen Metallfolie aus reinem Bond Coat Material bestimmt. Im Rahmen eines Unterauftrags von Projektpartner Rolls-Royce wurde das mechanische Verhalten APS-gespritzter Waermedaemmschichten mittels uniaxialer Druckversuche an freistehenden, hohlzylindrischen Ringproben anwendungstypischer Dicke bei Raum- und Anwendungstemperatur untersucht. Einerseits wurde das thermoelastische Verhalten mittels weggeregelter, zyklischer Belastungsversuche ermittelt, andererseits wurde das thermoplastische Verhalten anhand von lastgeregelten Kriechexperimenten bestimmt. Um den Einfluss einer vorhergehenden

Influence of radiant heating treatments on fusion of high-temperature superconducting yttrium ceramics; Vliyanie termoradiatsionnykh obrabotok na sintez vysokotempiraturnykh sverkhprovodyaschikh ittrievykh keramik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bitenbaev, M I; Polyakov, A I [Inst. Yadernoj Fiziki Natsionalnogo Yadernogo Tsentra Respubliki Kazakhstan, Almaty (Kazakhstan)

1999-07-01

Regardless of the fact that the materials made of HTSC-ceramics are promising, there is no any information about their successful practical application in publications. To our opinion, it is explained by the fact, first of all, that the conservative technologies of the powder metallurgy do not allow producing HTSC systems with excellent operating performance (structure homogeneity, long-term stability of Sc properties and etc.). This report presents outcomes of experiments on fusion of yttrium ceramics containing raw components irradiated by g-rays {sup 60}Co under the temperature exceeding 500 degrees C. HTSC properties of ceramics were studied according to their differential spectra of radio-frequency (RF) field absorption. The RF absorption spectrum of yttrium ceramics samples produced according to conservative technology is sufficiently permitted triplet with the Sc transition temperatures range of 80 K, 90 K, 95 K. Irradiation under the increased temperatures and mechanical limitation allow producing samples of yttrium HTSC-ceramics with sufficient homogeneous structure and superconducting properties that are stable to air conditions for not less than one year.

Thorotrast: A Bibliography of its Diagnostic Use and Biological Effects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1964-03-16

This bibliography has been compiled primarily to support a study of Thorotrast toxicity which is being conducted in the Medical Section of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The limited resources of staff and time available for its compilation have dictated a practical compromise between completeness and freedom from error on the one hand and effort on the other. While neither complete nor free of error, it has been stencilled so as to be available to other groups with similar interests. Additions and corrections would be gratefully received. The chief concern of the bibliography is with the toxic effects of Thorotrast. Papers on the diagnostic use of Thorotrast have also been included, both because of their relevance to the subsequent toxic effects and because of the light they shed on the possible numbers and location of Thorotrast cases. Papers on various related topics such as ThX (Ra-224) and MsTh (Ra-228) have been included when found, but no special search for them has been made. Papers are classified under the topics shown in the Table of Contents. In many cases papers have been listed under two or more categories, but a unique classification is obviously impossible. Since a rather abrupt change in outlook on the biological significance of ionizing radiation took place with the advent of nuclear energy, papers are given separately under each topic according to publication dates 1945 and earlier, 1946 and later. Original titles (if available) are given along with their English translations. Authors' addresses are listed for papers of which reprints have been obtained by the Agency.

Thorotrast: A Bibliography of its Diagnostic Use and Biological Effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1964-01-01

This bibliography has been compiled primarily to support a study of Thorotrast toxicity which is being conducted in the Medical Section of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The limited resources of staff and time available for its compilation have dictated a practical compromise between completeness and freedom from error on the one hand and effort on the other. While neither complete nor free of error, it has been stencilled so as to be available to other groups with similar interests. Additions and corrections would be gratefully received. The chief concern of the bibliography is with the toxic effects of Thorotrast. Papers on the diagnostic use of Thorotrast have also been included, both because of their relevance to the subsequent toxic effects and because of the light they shed on the possible numbers and location of Thorotrast cases. Papers on various related topics such as ThX (Ra-224) and MsTh (Ra-228) have been included when found, but no special search for them has been made. Papers are classified under the topics shown in the Table of Contents. In many cases papers have been listed under two or more categories, but a unique classification is obviously impossible. Since a rather abrupt change in outlook on the biological significance of ionizing radiation took place with the advent of nuclear energy, papers are given separately under each topic according to publication dates 1945 and earlier, 1946 and later. Original titles (if available) are given along with their English translations. Authors' addresses are listed for papers of which reprints have been obtained by the Agency.

Fabrication of ceramic components for fluidics with green machining and reaction binding of Al-containing precursor mixes - component design and testing. Final report; Fertigung von keramischen Bauteilen fuer die Fluidtechnik mit Gruenbearbeitung und Reaktionsbinden von Al-haltigen Precursormischungen - Bauteilgestaltung und Erprobung. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Skirde, E.; Esders, H.; Ivantysyn, J.

2003-03-05

The Sauer-Danfoss project covered the testing of ceramic pistons and bushings in oil-hydraulic swash plate axial piston pumps. Both components move relative to each other while transmitting very high forces. This results in high component stresses and in high tribological loads of the contact surface. If the ceramic components can withstand both types of stress, the range of permissible operating parameters can be extended, especially the maximum speed as ceramics have a much lower specific mass than metals, which result in much lower inertial forces. In conventional systems of steel piston and metal bushing, high speed and high temperatures will result in poor lubrication and cause freezing of the piston. This is not the case with ceramics because of their great hardness, heat resistance, and chemical inertness. (orig.) [German] Das Teilprojekt von Sauer-Danfoss befasste sich mit der Erprobung keramischer Kolben und Buchsen in oelhydraulischen Schraegscheiben-Axialkolbenpumpen. Beide Bauteile (die sogenannten Leitteile) bewegen sich relativ zueinander und uebertragen dabei sehr hohe Betriebskraefte. Daraus resultieren nicht nur grosse Spannungen in den Teilen, sondern auch hohe tribologische Beanspruchungen in der Kontaktflaeche. Wenn die keramischen Bauteile beiden Beanspruchungsarten gewachsen sind, dann ist eine Ausdehnung des Bereichs erlaubter Betriebsparameter moeglich. Insbesondere ist hier die maximale Drehzahl zu nennen, da aus der im Vergleich zu metallischen Werkstoffen sehr geringen spezifischen Masse von Keramik weitaus geringere Traegheitskraefte resultieren. Bei der konventionellen Werkstoffpaarung (gehaerteter Stahlkolben-Messingbuchse) besteht ausserdem bei hohen Drehzahlen und Temperaturen wegen der damit verbundenen schlechten Schmierung die Gefahr des Festfressens. Diese ist bei keramischen Werkstoffen aufgrund der hohen Haerte, Waermebestaendigkeit und chemischen Inertheit nicht zu erwarten. (orig.)

Fibre-reinforced ceramics for vehicle brakes; Faserverstaerkte Keramiken fuer Bremsenanwendungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krenkel, W. [DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Stuttgart (Germany). Inst. fuer Bauweisen- und Konstruktionsforschung

2000-07-01

In the context of their aerospace research activities, DLR (Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt) developed a new process for producing ceramic fibre composite materials that are extremely light and tough. Apart from their applications in aerospace engineering, they have great potential for motor brakes with improved friction and wear characteristics. Excellent results were achieved with the new materials even with conventional brake liners. With customised liners, brake life may be prolonged to match the car life. Further applications are expected in trucks for transport in hazardous materials, high-speed trains, aircraft, industrial machinery and plants, and conveyor systems. [German] Im Rahmen der Raumfahrt-Forschung wurde vom Deutschen Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) das Fluessigsilicier-Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen Verbundwerkstoffen entwickelt. Diese extrem leichten und bruchzaehen Faserkeramiken haben sich unter den besonderen Bedingungen des Weltraums beispielsweise fuer Hitzeschutzstrukturen von Raumfahrzeugen hervorragend bewaehrt. Darueber hinaus zeigten Untersuchungen ein hohes Anwendungspotenzial fuer neue Bremsen mit deutlich verbesserten Reibungs- und Verschleisseigenschaften. Weiterentwicklungen des keramischen Gefueges fuehrten zu innovativen Leichtbau- bzw. Hochleistungs-Bremsen auf der Basis dieser harten und hitzebestaendigen Verbundwerkstoffe. Bereits mit serienmaessigen Bremsbelaegen wurden die heute geltenden Verschleiss- und Reibwertanforderungen teilweise weit uebertroffen. Die Leistungsfaehigkeit heutiger Bremssysteme kann damit deutlich gesteigert und die ungefederte Masse des Fahrwerks drastisch reduziert werden. Mit der zielgerichteten Anpassung geeigneter Belaege auf die neuen Keramik-Bremsscheiben scheint erstmals ein Einsatz von Lebensdauerbremsen moeglich zu sein, deren geringe Verschleissraten einen Austausch der Bremsscheiben waehrend der Betriebszeit eines Fahrzeugs ueberfluessig machen. Neben der

Cu k-edge studies of the charge carries in Th-doped cuprate system R2-xThxCuO4-δ (R = Nd, Sm and Gd)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liang, G.; Yi, Y.; Jardim, R.F.; Wang, L.V.

1999-01-01

To further study the charge carrier concentration in electron doped cuprate superconductors, a systematic x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurement has been carried out on Th-doped superconductor system R 2-x Th x CuO 4-δ (R = Nd, Sm, and Gd). The XANES results show that, similar to the Ce-doped compounds, while the intensity of the Cu 1+ 4p π feature increase with the increase of the Th doping level x, the intensities of the Cu 2+ 4p π and 4p σ features decreases. This clearly indicates that the electrons doped by the Th atoms are injected into the local Cu 3d-orbitals. The normalized Cu 1+ 4p π intensity data show that the Cu 1+ concentration in the Th-doped compound series with different R-elements is linearly proportional to the Th doping-level x. The data suggest that both Ce and Th donate the same fraction of electrons into the Cu sites

Desain Pabrik Sodium Karbonat Dari CO2 Flue Gas Pabrik Semen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Fadlan Minallah

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Dengan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan energi di Indonesia selama beberapa tahunn terakhir ini, semakin juga meningkatkan bertambahnya gas rumah kaca yang dihasilkan. Gas rumah kaca (GRK yang terdiri dari CO2, CH4, N2O, HCFC, dan CFC serta uap air (H2O, dimana yang menjadi sumber utama terjadinya pemasan global. Terutama pada pabrik yang menghasilkan GRK itu sendiri selama proses produksi, seperti pabrik semen 15.107.267 ton, pabrik produksi kapur 3.688.147 ton, dan pabrik kaca/gelas 170.000 ton. Prospek soda abu (nama pasar sodium karbonat di Indonesia masih dalam kondisi baik karena kebutuhan komoditas ini semakin bertambah dengan rate 3,4% pertahun untuk industri kapur, industri gelas, dan industri keramik. Selama ini kebutuhan soda abu di Indonesia masih dipenuhi dengan adanya impor dari negara lain, karena belum adanya produsen natrium karbonat di dalam negeri yang menjadikan komoditas ini sebagai produk utama dari pabriknya. Pabrik ini direncanakan akan didirikan di Kabupaten Tuban, JawaTimur dengan estimasi waktu mulai produksi pada tahun 2017. Penentuan lokasi pabrik berdasarkan pada sumber bahan baku. Hal ini karena bahan baku yang digunakan adalah flue gas dari pabrik semen. Untuk menemuhi kebutuhan akan sodium karbonat kapasitas produk sodium karbonat ini sebesar 86,37 ton/jam. Pabrik beroperasi selama 24 jam per hari dengan hari kerja 330 hari per tahun. Proses pembuatan soda abu dengan proses karbonasi terdiri dari empat unit proses, yaitu dust removal unit, absorption unit, crystalization unit, dan soda ash unit. Dari analisa perhitungan ekonomi didapat Investasi Rp79.285.526.850, IRR sebesar 26%, POT selama 4,39 tahun, dan NPV positif 15 tahun sebesar Rp589.068.911.634. Umur dari pabrik ini diperkirakan selama 15 tahun dengan masa periode pembangunannya selama 2 tahun di mana operasi pabrik ini 330 hari/tahun.

DESAIN FURNITURE PADA LABORATORIUM PENDIDIKAN SENI RUPA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agus Nursalim

2016-04-01

studio keramik. Diharapkan dari hasil desain ini jika diproduksi dapat meningkatkan prestasi mahasiswa Pendidikan Seni.

High performance brake discs made of fiber reinforced ceramics; Hochleistungsbremsscheiben aus Faserverbundkeramik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rosenloecher, J.; Deinzer, G.; Waninger, R.; Muenchhoff, J. [AUDI AG, 85045 Ingolstadt (Germany)

2007-11-15

The Audi AG is one of the worldwide leading car manufacturers of the premium class. One of the main aims of the technical development department at Audi is the use of novel and innovative materials. The Audi AG has intensively worked on the development and introduction of ceramic brake discs for several car types. These brake discs are made of a short carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic, a so called CMC-material (ceramic matrix composite). This material is produced in a very complex process by silicon melt infiltration of carbon preforms. The advantages of these innovative and powerful brake discs out of C/SiC-ceramic are the low weight and thus the reduction of the unsprung rotating masses, the low wear rate during completed service life, the temperature and fading stability and the corrosion resistance. The complete braking system and its periphery had to be reengineered and adjusted because of the specific material properties. (Abstract Copyright [2007], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.) [German] Die Audi AG ist einer der weltweit fuehrenden Automobilhersteller der Premiumklasse. Eines der Hauptziele der Technischen Entwicklung bei Audi ist der Einsatz neuartiger und innovativer Werkstoffe. Daher bietet die Audi AG nach intensiver Entwicklung und Erprobung fuer mehrere Fahrzeugmodelle Keramikbremsscheiben an. Diese Bremsscheiben bestehen aus einer kohlenstoffkurzfaserverstaerkten Siliziumkarbidkeramik, einem sog. CMC-Werkstoff. Dieser Werkstoff wird in einem aufwendigen Verfahren ueber die Schmelzinfiltration von Kohlenstoff-Preformen mit Silizium hergestellt. Die Vorteile dieser innovativen und leistungsfaehigen Bremsscheiben aus C/SiC-Keramik sind das geringe Gewicht und dadurch die Reduzierung der ungefederten rotierenden Massen, der geringe Verschleiss ueber Betriebsdauer, die Temperatur- und Fadingstabilitaet und die Korrosionsbestaendigkeit. Aufgrund der materialspezifischen Eigenschaften wurde das gesamte Bremssystem ueberarbeitet und die

[Effect of sintering gold paste coating on the bonding strength of pure titanium and three low-fusing porcelains].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Ya-li; Luo, Xiao-ping; Zhou, Li

2012-05-01

To study the effect of sintering gold paste coating of pure titanium on the adhesion of three porcelains following the protocol ISO 9693, and to investigate the titanium-porcelains interfaces. Sixty machined pure titanium samples were prepared in a rectangular shape according to ISO 9693 and divided equally into six groups. Half of the strips were coated with gold paste (Deckgold) and sintered. Three ultra-low-fusing dental porcelains (I: Initial Ti, S: Super porcelain Ti-22, T: TitanKeramik) were fused onto the titanium surfaces. A thin layer of bonding agent was only applied on the surfaces of uncoated gold specimens. The interface of the porcelain and titanium was observed with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) after metallographic preparation and sputtered with a very thin carbon layer of the embedded titanium-porcelain interface. After three-point bending test was performed, optical stereomicroscope was used to characterize the titanium-porcelains adhesion and determine the mode of failure. FE-SEM illustrated intermetallic compounds of Au-Ti formed with some visible microcracks in the gold layer and the interface of gold layer and ceramic. All the uncoated gold titanium-porcelain system showed predominately adhesive fracture at the titanium oxidation, whereas the failure modes in all gold coated systems were cohesive and adhesive, mainly cohesive. The three-point-bending test showed that the bonding strength of GS and GI groups [(37.08 ± 4.32) and (36.20 ± 2.40) MPa] were higher than those in uncoated groups [(31.56 ± 3.74) and (30.88 ± 2.60) MPa, P 0.05). The gold paste intermediate coatings can improve bond strengths of Super porcelain Ti-22 system and Initial Ti system, which have potential applications in clinical fields.

Thorium effect on the oxidation of uranium: Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS/UPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) investigation on (U1 − xThx)O2 (x = 0 to 1) thin films

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cakir, P.; Eloirdi, R; Huber, F.; Konings, R.J.M.; Gouder, T

2017-01-01

Thin films of U_1− xTh_xO₂ (x = 0 to 1) have been deposited via reactive DC sputter technique and characterized by X-ray/Ultra-violet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS/UPS), X-ray Powder Diffractometer (XRD) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) in order to understand the

Summary report for Group X6: Heat removal system and system analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leung, W

2005-12-15

This report is a summary of the activities of the X6 design support for the Heat Removal System (HRS) of MEGAPIE. It can be divided into two main parts: The first part is about the design and manufacturing of he cooling loop (the first 3 chapters), and the second part is dealing with the thermal hydraulic analysis of the overall HRS. This also reflects the change of the X6 activities from design to operation support. The activities of this group are more or less driven by the needs rather than a complete set of tasks given at the start of the project. The first part chronicles the system development. Some of the arguments are probably outdated but are kept in the original form to illustrate the evolution of concepts. The main objective is, of course, to design a heat removal system that can cool the liquid metal spallation target for a 1 MW proton beam i.e. 1.74 mA in 575 MeV). It is also reckoned that the liquid metal, BE (lead-bismuth-eutectic), must be kept liquid even when the proton beam was switched off. This requires either that the cooling system can be shut down or the operating temperature of the coolant be higher than the freezing point of LBE. As for safety concerns, the HRS system must not exert a pressure that exceeds the design pressure of the target beam window in case of a break at the target heat exchanger (THX); this limits the cover gas pressure to about 4 bar(a). These are the basic design principles that carry through the conceptual and engineering design of he system. The organic coolant Diphyl THT was then chosen, because of its wide range of operating temperature (i.e. from 0 to 340 degC) and high boiling point, and a proven record in industrial applications. (author)

Summary report for Group X6: Heat removal system and system analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leung, W.

2005-12-01

This report is a summary of the activities of the X6 design support for the Heat Removal System (HRS) of MEGAPIE. It can be divided into two main parts: The first part is about the design and manufacturing of he cooling loop (the first 3 chapters), and the second part is dealing with the thermal hydraulic analysis of the overall HRS. This also reflects the change of the X6 activities from design to operation support. The activities of this group are more or less driven by the needs rather than a complete set of tasks given at the start of the project. The first part chronicles the system development. Some of the arguments are probably outdated but are kept in the original form to illustrate the evolution of concepts. The main objective is, of course, to design a heat removal system that can cool the liquid metal spallation target for a 1 MW proton beam i.e. 1.74 mA in 575 MeV). It is also reckoned that the liquid metal, BE (lead-bismuth-eutectic), must be kept liquid even when the proton beam was switched off. This requires either that the cooling system can be shut down or the operating temperature of the coolant be higher than the freezing point of LBE. As for safety concerns, the HRS system must not exert a pressure that exceeds the design pressure of the target beam window in case of a break at the target heat exchanger (THX); this limits the cover gas pressure to about 4 bar(a). These are the basic design principles that carry through the conceptual and engineering design of he system. The organic coolant Diphyl THT was then chosen, because of its wide range of operating temperature (i.e. from 0 to 340 degC) and high boiling point, and a proven record in industrial applications. (author)

Atenica: u potrazi za izgubljenim spalištem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Staša Babić

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Funerarni konteksti svakako su arheološki zapisi u čijem formiranju značajnu ulogu igraju simboličke i kultne predstave zajednice. S druge strane, u odsustvu pisanih svedočanstava o tim predstavama, arheolozi su skloni da svoje interpretacije zasnivaju na uopštenim i pojednostavljenim idejama o „primitivnim” kultovima, kao što je „solarni kult”. U takvom postupku, tehnički aspekti zapisa zanemaruju se u korist tumačenja pretpostavljenih simboličkih „poruka”. Među kneževskim grobovima centralnog Balkana, humke u Atenici pored Čačka dugo su predstavljale jedini primer ove vrste sahrane koji je istražen u okviru sistematskih arheoloških istraživanja i stoga je čitav niz autora posvećivao posebnu pažnju konstrukciji ovih tumula i mogućnostima interpretacije rituala koji je pratio polaganje pokojnika. U ovom pogledu, naročito je značajna tzv. „ritualna površina” u okviru humke II – tri pravougaona prostora oivičena redovima oblutaka, sa pravilno raspoređenim levkastim jamama, ispunjenim tamnom zemljom, fragmentima keramike i gorelih kostiju. Interpretacije su se kretale od ideja o grobovima kremiranih ljudskih žrtava, preko replika svetilišta, sve do složene simbolike solarnog kulta, izražene numerološkim pravilnostima. S druge strane, budući da se radi o kremiranim pokojnicima, u okviru obe humke identifikovana su spališta – relativno male lučne konstrukcije od redova oblutaka, na kojima su takođe zapaženi tragovi gorenja. Niz praktičnih nelogičnosti koje proističu iz ovih tumačenja ostao je po strani, u nastojanju da se složeni ritual sahrane sa kremacijom poveže sa simboličkim predstavama percipiranim kao primerene za kulturni kontekst sahrana u Atenici – ljudske žrtve, solarni kult. U kružnom dokaznom postupku, ove su ideje, manje ili više prećutno, uzimane za početnu premisu šire interpretacije kultnih praksi zajednice koja je svoje istaknute članove sahranila pod humkama u

SIFAT MEKANIK KOMPOSIT COKELAT BATANG DENGAN FILLER BIJI METE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P A Wiguna

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Bahan komposit yang banyak dijumpai di masyarakat umumnya terbuat dari material berat seperti, logam, keramik, atau polimer. Pada bahan pangan terdapat pula yang termasuk ke dalam kategori material komposit, diantaranya adalah cracker, cookie, kue pie, chasew chocolate, dan lain sebagianya. Diantara komposit bahan pangan tersebut yang paling banyak digemari sebagai makanan camilan adalah  cokelat. Hal menarik yang dikaji pada studi ini berkaitan dengan sifat mekanik komposit cokelat yaitu kekuatan tekan dari komposit tersebut. Komposit ini terbuat dari bahan makanan cokelat dengan variasi  fraksi massa mete sebagai filler yaitu 13 %, 17%, 20%, 23%, 26 %, dan 29%. Matriks yang digunakan adalah cokelat jenis dark chocolate. Sifat mekanik yang dikaji adalah kuat tekan pada komposit cokelat batang. Parameter ini diukur untuk mengetahui ukuran maksimum beban yang dapat diterima komposit tersebut. Komposit yang memiliki kekuatan tekan terbesar ada pada cokelat batang dengan fraksi massa mete 29 % yaitu sebesar 2,81 MPa. Hal ini menunjukkan  bahwa variasi fraksi massa mete berpengaruh pada sifat mekanik material komposit karena berkaitan dengan perilaku distribusi partikel. Kuat tekan komposit cokelat teramati meningkat dengan kenaikan jumlah biji mete pada cokelat batang.Generally, the composite materials found in the civilization are made from heavy materials, e.g. metals, ceramics, and polymers. In fact, the composite material also found in food, such as crackers, cookies, pies, and cashew chocolates. Cashew chocolates usually consumed as the most favourite snack. The most interesting object from this study is related with the mechanical composite characteristic of the chocolate, i.e. compressive strength. Chocolate composite is made from chocolate with variety of cashew mass fraction as the filler, i.e. 13 %, 17%, 20%, 23%, 26 %, and 29%. In this study, the composite matrix was a dark chocolate, whereas the mechanical characteristic determined

Influence of beryllium ceramics nano-structuring by iron atoms on increase of their stability to ionizing radiations effect; Vliyanie nanostrukturirovaniya berillievykh keramik atomami zheleza na povyshenie ikh ustojchivosti k vozdejstviyu ioniziruyushchikh izluchenij

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Polyakov, A I; Bitenbaev, M I [Fiziko-Tekhnicheskij Inst., Almaty (Kazakhstan)

2007-07-01

In the work a new results on beryllium ceramics nano-structuring effect by iron oxide atoms on radiation defects quantum yield value G in these materials and defects depth constants in ionizing radiation fields k are presented. Experimental data under dependence of G and k values from concentration of iron atoms in beryllium ceramic matrix are presented. It is shown, that structure modification of beryllium ceramics by feedings on the iron base leads to sharp decrease (almost in 30 times) of radiation defects quantum yield value, i.e. to increase of these ceramics stability enhancement to ionizing radiation effect.

Newly developed active braze powders based on commercial nickel brazes using zirconium as active element for joining ceramic to metal; Entwicklung von neuen Aktivlotpulvern auf Basis kommerzieller Nickellote mit Zirkon als aktivelement zum Fuegen von Keramik-Metall-Verbunden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bobzin, K.; Schlaefer, T.; Kopp, N.; Schlegel, A. [Institut fuer Oberflaechentechnik der RWTH Aachen (Germany)

2010-06-15

The increased requirements of highly stressed components, concerning the resistance to thermal-induced stresses, oxidation, corrosion, hardness as well as wear resistance make high-performance technical ceramics ideally suited for such applications. On the other hand they exhibit properties like high brittleness, partly low thermal shock resistance, low workability and consequential limitations in the engineering design. Hybrid material concepts, as combination of high-performance technical ceramics and metallic engineering materials, can offer interesting technological solutions, if suitable and joining technologies are available. Active brazing, which is a very flexible joining technology in respect of the material selection, arises for the development of new and innovative applications, such as high-temperature fuel cells. Currently silver/copper, copper and silver active brazing filler metals are already used in the industry and are characterised by a decrease of their mechanical strength at approx. 500 C. Referring to this, gold and palladium active brazing filler metals show better features, but because of their high price, they are seldom used. The aim of the reported investigations is the development of active brazing filler metals with reasonable raw materials costs for working temperatures above 500 C and moreover to be used in hydrocarbonated environments with better corrosion-resistance than silver/copper, copper and silver active brazing filler metals. Experimental brazing filler metals with zirconium as surface-active element has been manufactured on the basis of nickel brazing filler metals NI 102, NI 105 and NI 107. The modification of each nickel brazing filler metal was carried out on the one hand by powder metallurgy, whereby zirconium hydride has been mixed or mechanically alloyed. On the other hand the nickel brazing filler metals have been alloyed with zirconium by melting metallurgy. The content of active metal varied between 2 weight-% and 10 weight-%. For the characterisation, the melting range of all experimental brazing filler metals has been determined by thermoanalytical methods and the ones, which have been manufactured by powder metallurgy, have been investigated by means of an x-ray diffraction analysis and a morphological analysis of the powder particles. The suitability of the experimental brazing filler metals for the active brazing has been probed in wetting tests on alumina in high-vacuum brazing trials and examined metallographically. (Abstract Copyright [2010], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.) [German] Die gestiegenen Anforderungen an hochbeanspruchte Bauteilkomponenten hinsichtlich Bestaendigkeit gegen thermische, oxidierende und korrosive Beanspruchungen, Haerte sowie Verschleissbestaendigkeit praedestinieren den Einsatz von ingenieurkeramischen Werkstoffen. Dem gegenueber stehen Eigenschaften wie hohe Sproedigkeit, zum Teil geringe Thermoschockbestaendigkeit, schwierige Bearbeitbarkeit und daraus resultierende Einschraenkungen bei der konstruktiven Gestaltung. Hybride Werkstoffkonzepte als Kombination ingenieurkeramischer Werkstoffe mit metallischen Konstruktionswerkstoffen koennen, sofern dazu geeignete und leistungsfaehige Fuegetechniken verfuegbar sind, technologisch interessante Loesungen darstellen. Das Aktivloeten als eine in der Werkstoffauswahl sehr flexible Fuegetechnologie bietet sich fuer die Erschliessung neuer und innovativer Anwendungen wie beispielsweise der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen-Technik an. Derzeit in der industriellen Praxis eingesetzte Aktivlote auf Silber/Kupfer-, Kupfer- und Silberbasis weisen bei etwa 500 C einen deutlichen Abfall bezueglich ihrer mechanischen Festigkeit auf. Gold- oder palladiumhaltige Aktivlote mit diesbezueglich besseren Eigenschaften finden aufgrund ihres hohen Preises aeusserst selten Verwendung. Die hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen haben das Ziel, neue Aktivlotlegierungen bei vertretbaren Rohstoffkosten fuer Einsatztemperaturen oberhalb von 500 C zu entwickeln, die sich zudem beim Einsatz in kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Umgebungen bestaendiger gegen korrosive Angriffe zeigen als Aktivlote auf Silber/Kupfer-, Kupfer-, und Silberbasis. Ausgehend von den Nickelbasisloten NI 102, NI 105 und NI 107 wurden Experimentallote mit Zirkon als grenzflaechenaktivem Element hergestellt. Die Modifizierung der Basislote erfolgte zum einen pulvermetallurgisch unter der Verwendung von Zirkonhydrid durch Mischen oder mechanisches Legieren mit einer Hochenergiekugelmuehle. Zum anderen wurden die Basislote schmelzmetallurgisch mit Zirkon legiert. Der Aktivmetallgehalt variierte zwischen 2 Gew.-% und 10 Gew.-%. Zur Charakterisierung diente die thermoanalytische Vermessung der Schmelzbereiche aller Experimentallote und die pulvermorphologische sowie roentgendiffraktometrische Analyse der pulvermetallurgisch hergestellten. Die Eignung der Experimentallote fuer das Aktivloeten wurde in Benetzungstests auf Aluminiumoxid in Hochvakuumloetversuchen experimentell untersucht und metallographisch bewertet.

New opportunities to measure pressures inside combustion engine without having separate drilling for the pressure-sensors; Neue Moeglichkeiten der Druckindizierung in Verbrennungsmotoren ohne separate Messbohrung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brechbuehl, S.; Schnepf, M.; Sonntag, R.; Wolfer, P. [Kistler Instrumente AG, Winterthur (Switzerland)

2000-07-01

beim Ottomotor, bzw. Gluehbirne beim Dieselmotor installiert werden koennen, hat in den letzten Jahren an Bedeutung zugenommen. Wegen des geringen Platzangebotes zur Unterbringung des Drucksensors in Messzuendkerzen und Gluehkerzenadaptern stellen heutige Ausfuehrungen immer einen Kompromiss dar zwischen Signalguete, Montagefreundlichkeit, sowie der Aufrechterhaltung der Originalfunktionalitaet. So musste bei der Druckmessung mit Gluehkerzenadaptern in Dieselmotoren bisher auf die Gluehfunktion gaenzlich verzichtet werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein neu entwickelter Gluehkerzenadapter vorgestellt, in welchem neben einem piezoelektrischen Drucksensor auch eine Gluehwendel mit voller Heizleistung integriert ist. Mit dieser Messgluehkerze sind jetzt Druckmessungen beim Kaltstart und waehrend des Nachgluehbetriebs unter realen Betriebsbedingungen moeglich. Bei der Druckmessung mit Messzuendkerzen in Ottomotoren musste bisher zur Erzielung einer guten Signalqualitaet eine exzentrische Lage der Mittelelektrode in Kauf genommen werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein neu entwickelter Zuendkerzenadapter mit zentrischer Mittelelektrode vorgestellt. Diese Betriebs-Messzuendkerze ermoeglicht eine Zylinderdruckmessung mit guter Signalqualitaet bei unveraenderter Funkenlage. Durch die zentrische Keramik wird das Aufsetzen des Originalzuendrails wesentlich erleichtert. Das Herz beider Neuentwicklungen ist eine Miniatur-Sensorik, welche mit neuen Kristallen eine hoehere Empfindlichkeit und Temperaturstabilitaet aufweist. (orig.)

Tempat Penampungan Air dan Kepadatan Jentik Aedes sp. di Daerah Endemis dan Bebas Demam Berdarah Dengue

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wanti Wanti

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Tingkat kepadatan jentik merupakan indikasi diketahuinya kepadatan nyamuk Aedes sp yang akan menularkan virus dengue sebagai penyebab penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD dan juga sebagai salah satu indikator keberhasilan kegiatan pengendalian vektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik tempat penampungan air (TPA dan perbedaan kepadatan jentik House Index, Container Index, Breatau Index (HI, CI, BI di Kelurahan Alak sebagai daerah endemis dan Kelurahan Belo sebagai daerah bebas DBD di Kota Kupang Tahun 2011. Penelitian observasional analitik ini menggunakan rancangan studi potong lintang. Variabel penelitian adalah jenis, kondisi, letak, bahan TPA dan kepadatan jentik Aedes sp. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi langsung pada TPA dan rumah terpilih. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel kemudian dianalisis dengan uji-t. Penelitian ini menemukan TPA positif jentik paling banyak adalah TPA untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari, kondisi TPA tidak tertutup rapat, letak TPA di luar rumah, bahan TPA adalah bahan keramik, dan warna TPA adalah warna putih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai dari HI 0,887, CI 0,146 dan BI 0,080, yang artinya tidak ada perbedaan kepadatan jentik antara Kelurahan Alak (daerah endemis dengan Kelurahan Belo (daerah bebas. Disimpulkan tidak ada perbedaan kepadatan jentik (HI, CI, dan BI antara daerah endemis dan daerah bebas DBD. Kedua daerah sama-sama memiliki tingkat kepadatan jentik yang tinggi, sehingga disarankan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk tidak hanya diprioritaskan pada daerah endemis DBD tetapi juga daerah daerah bebas DBD. Water Container and the Aedes sp. Larvae Density in Endemic and Free Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever The larva density is an indication of the density of Aedes sp known to be capable of transmitting the dengue virus as the cause of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF and also as one of the indicators of the success of vector control activities. This study aimed to determine the difference of the water

Synthesis and characterization of ceramic-supported and metal-supported membrane layers for the separation of CO{sub 2} in fossil-fuel power plants; Herstellung und Charakterisierung von keramik- und metallgestuetzten Membranschichten fuer die CO{sub 2}-Abtrennung in fossilen Kraftwerken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hauler, Felix

2010-07-01

The separation of CO{sub 2} in fossil fuel power plants has become a very important issue due to the contribution of this greenhouse gas to global warming. Thin microporous membranes are promising candidates for separating CO{sub 2} from gas flow before being exhausted into the atmosphere. The membrane demands are good permeation and separation properties and high stability under operation conditions. Novel sol-gel derived materials composed of TiO{sub 2}/ZrO{sub 2} and stabilized SiO{sub 2} seem to be promising due to their good chemical stability and microporous character, especially for the separation of H{sub 2} and CO{sub 2}. Metallic substrates should be preferred as membrane support because they exhibit practical advantages combining good mechanical stability and the benefit of facilitated joining. The present thesis deals with the development of sol-gel derived microporous membrane layers on ceramic and metallic supports for the separation of CO{sub 2}. In this context, the optimized preparation of high-quality membranes with TiO{sub 2}/ZrO{sub 2} and Ni, Co, Zr, Ti doped SiO{sub 2} top layers is presented. These multilayered membranes consist of a graded pore structure to provide a smooth transition of the pore size from the support to the functional layer. Due to the good surface properties, the ceramic substrates only need one interlayer, whereas the rough metallic substrates exhibiting larger pores require a total of three interlayers to obtain an enhanced surface quality. On both types of supports, crack-free functional layers with a thickness below 100 nm were deposited by dip-coating. The unsupported and supported sol-gel materials used for the top layers were investigated in terms of structural properties by thermal analysis, sorption measurements, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Gas permeation tests with He, H{sub 2}, CO{sub 2} und N{sub 2} were carried out to determine the membrane performance with regard to permeation rates and separation properties. Ceramic supported stabilized SiO{sub 2} membranes exhibit a 100 % separation of He and H{sub 2} towards larger gas molecules such as CO{sub 2} and N{sub 2}. This occurs when all the manufacturing steps which include sol preparation and layer deposition under cleanroom conditions are optimized. In contrast, the layers are not applicable for separation of CO{sub 2} and N{sub 2} by reason of very low or no flow rates. The microporous TiO{sub 2}/ZrO{sub 2} functional layers show a lack of viable permeation and separation properties suggesting a low pore volume. The metal supported membranes with SiO{sub 2} based functional layer demonstrate a selectivity of H{sub 2}/CO{sub 2} up to 50 and exhibit a very good separation performance compared to similar membranes in literature. Ceramic supported SiO{sub 2} based functional layers prepared by Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) with a deposition and calcination time of one hour were investigated to reduce the membrane production time. Gas permeation results show a 100 % separation of H{sub 2} towards CO{sub 2} and N{sub 2} confirming the excellent layer quality. The results are an important contribution to the optimized preparation of high-quality microporous membrane layers exhibiting a high potential for CO{sub 2} separation in fossil fuel power plants. The successful layer deposition on metallic substrates and the significantly reduced heat treatment time by using RTP are a further step of development in membrane technology. (orig.)

Summary report for MEGAPIE R+D Task Group X4: Fluid dynamics and structure mechanics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, B. L.

2006-03-01

The document chronicles, and draws summary conclusions from, the activities of the X4 R+D Support Group from the start of the project on January 1, 2000 to the time of the Technical Review Meeting in Mol: 27-29 June, 2005. The objectives to be accomplished were set out in a Baseline document. These were: to define the lower target flow configuration, within the geometric constraints imposed by the physical boundary conditions (geometrical confinement, lead- bismuth eutectic (LBE) inventory, pump capacities, target heat exchanger (THX) power, etc.); to identify, and evaluate, optimum target window design to minimise thermal loads and pressure drops, and to avoid hot-spots and flow instabilities; to demonstrate reliable cooling of the lower target enclosure (LTE); to demonstrate the structural integrity of the lower section of the Iiquid-metal container LMC) and its internal components, and that of the LTE; to provide best-estimate safety margins on target coolability and structural integrity under operational flow conditions; to investigate, quantify, and make recommendations regarding, abnormal target operation including possible accident scenarios). The time-scale set for MEGAPIE was always such that much of the design work needed to be carried out at the same time as the R+D support. Often, the target design was changing faster than the time required to perform the detailed computer simulations. As a consequence, many of the simulations reported or referenced in this document do not refer to the very latest target design, and in many respects the results and conclusions must be regarded as generic in nature. Nonetheless, very valuable work has been carried out by the various organisations, and better understanding of the expected temperature distributions and stress levels in the operating MEGAPIE target has been gained, and direct feed-back to the design team on various aspects of the design details has taken place as a consequence of this work. As the design

Summary report for MEGAPIE R+D Task Group X4: Fluid dynamics and structure mechanics

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Smith, B. L

2006-03-15

The document chronicles, and draws summary conclusions from, the activities of the X4 R+D Support Group from the start of the project on January 1, 2000 to the time of the Technical Review Meeting in Mol: 27-29 June, 2005. The objectives to be accomplished were set out in a Baseline document. These were: to define the lower target flow configuration, within the geometric constraints imposed by the physical boundary conditions (geometrical confinement, lead- bismuth eutectic (LBE) inventory, pump capacities, target heat exchanger (THX) power, etc.); to identify, and evaluate, optimum target window design to minimise thermal loads and pressure drops, and to avoid hot-spots and flow instabilities; to demonstrate reliable cooling of the lower target enclosure (LTE); to demonstrate the structural integrity of the lower section of the Iiquid-metal container LMC) and its internal components, and that of the LTE; to provide best-estimate safety margins on target coolability and structural integrity under operational flow conditions; to investigate, quantify, and make recommendations regarding, abnormal target operation including possible accident scenarios). The time-scale set for MEGAPIE was always such that much of the design work needed to be carried out at the same time as the R+D support. Often, the target design was changing faster than the time required to perform the detailed computer simulations. As a consequence, many of the simulations reported or referenced in this document do not refer to the very latest target design, and in many respects the results and conclusions must be regarded as generic in nature. Nonetheless, very valuable work has been carried out by the various organisations, and better understanding of the expected temperature distributions and stress levels in the operating MEGAPIE target has been gained, and direct feed-back to the design team on various aspects of the design details has taken place as a consequence of this work. As the design

Undistorted, crack-free and low-cost ceramic components for the transportation, power and medical sector - numerical simulation of pressing and sintering. Final report; Formgenaue, rissfreie und kostenguenstige Bauteile aus Keramik fuer die Verkehrs-, Energie- und Medizintechnik - Numerische Simulation des Pressens und Sinterns. Schlussbericht

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Stingl, P.; Wittig, F.

1999-02-01

One of the economically most important production routes for ceramic parts is die pressing and sintering. Up to now the development cycle is mainly based on empirical experience and sample production. Success or failure can be often determined only after sintering. This procedure is time and cost-intensive and sometimes could lead to the conclusion that a part is not producible at all considering economical restrictions. Finite element simulations in combination with appropriate material laws for pressing and sintering allow qualitative and quantitative predictions of undesirable distortions. Agreement with experimental data of real parts is very good. Using these simulations, the development time of a new part can be significantly reduced by optimizing die geometries, punch movements or temperature-time-curves during sintering. Thus, an effective method to improve the quality is available. (orig.) [German] Das Konstruieren und Einrichten von Werkzeugen wurde bisher hauptsaechlich ueber Musterproduktionen sowie ueber empirische Erfahrungswerte abgestimmt. Erfolg oder Misserfolg konnte oft erst nach dem Sintern beurteilt werden. Dieses Vorgehen ist zeit- und kostenintensiv und fuehrt manchmal nach langen und zeitintensiven Versuchsreihen zu dem Ergebnis, dass ein Bauteil ueber Trockenpresstechnik nicht oder nur mit unzureichender Prozesssicherheit hergestellt werden kann. Mit der numerischen Simulation des Pressens und Sinterns ist es moeglich, die Gruendichteunterschiede und damit auch den Sinterverzug beim Pressen rein rechnerisch zu ermitteln. Die Uebereinstimmung der Simulationsergebnisse mit dem realen Bauteil ist sehr gut. Damit koennen die Realisierbarkeit komplizierter Bauteile bereits am Rechner ueberprueft und Korrekturmassnahmen vorgeschlagen werden. Eine effektive Methode zur Qualitaetsverbesserung ist damit gegeben. (orig.)

Development of ceramics based fuel, Phase I, Kinetics of UO{sub 2} sintering by vibration compacting of UO{sub 2} powder (Introductory report); Razvoj goriva na bazi keramike, I faza, Kinetika sinterovanja UO{sub 2} vibraciono kompaktiranje praha UO{sub 2} (Uvodni izvestaj)

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Ristic, M M [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Laboratorija za reaktorske materijale, Beograd (Serbia and Montenegro)

1962-10-15

After completing the Phase I of the task related to development of ceramics nuclear fuel the following reports are presented: Kinetics of UO{sub 2} sintering; Vibrational compacting and sintering of UO{sub 2}; Characterisation of of UO{sub 2} powder by DDK and TGA methods; Separation of UO{sub 2} powder.

KARAKTERISTIK PERMUKAAN SERAT SILIKON KARBIDA HASIL PEMINTALAN LISTRIK DARI POLYCARBOSILANE DALAM N,N-DIMETILFORMAMIDA (DMF/ TOLUENA

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Deni Mustika

2015-03-01

Full Text Available KARAKTERISTIK PERMUKAAN SERAT SILIKON KARBIDA HASIL PEMINTALAN LISTRIK DARI POLYCARBOSILANE DALAM N,N-DIMETILFORMAMIDA (DMF/ TOLUENA. Silikon karbida (SiC merupakan keramik non oksida yang memiliki sifat unik seperti ketahanan mekanik, kimia dan stabilitas termal sehingga digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi. Hasil pemodelan SiC dari beberapa studi yang menunjukkan stabilitas yang baik terhadap radiasi netron dan permeabilitas yang rendah terhadap produk fisi. Hal ini meningkatkan ketertarikan penggunaan SiC dalam industri nuklir. Untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik SiC, umumnya dibentuk berupa komposit. Komposit dengan penguat serat menunjukkan karakteristik mekanik yang lebih baik dibandingkan penguat partikel ataupun whisker. Pada komposit SiC, sifat mekanik komposit dominan dipengaruhi oleh sifat antar fasa dan atau karakteristik dari permukaan SiC. Electrospinning merupakan metode yang menjanjikan untuk menghasilkan serat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik permukaan serat silikon karbida hasil pemintalan listrik dari polycarbosilane dalam N,N-dimetilformamida (DMF/ toluena. Perbedaan persentase DMF dan polycarbosilane dalam toluene mempengaruhi elektrospinnabilitas dan karakteristik permukaan serat yang dihasilkan. Serat SiC yang dihasilkan dari prekursor polycarbosilane dengan pelarut toluena dan kopelarut     N-N, dimetilformamida (DMF diperoleh serat kontinu, dengan berbentuk sedikit cekungan menyerupai pita. Adanya titik-titik hitam di permukaan serat hasil pirolisis dimungkinkan akibat adanya karbon bebas dan atau kontaminasi dari grafit material tungku. Serat hasil pirolisis memiliki luas muka sebesar 3,321 – 46,14 m2/g dan pori berukuran mikro, dengan distribusi radius pada rentang 1-3 nm, dengan jumlah pori terbanyak memiliki ukuran kurang dari 2 nm. Suhu pirolisis dan sintering yang lebih tinggi diharapkan menghasilkan serat yang minim pori dan densitasnya mampu mendekati densitas teori.   SiC SURFACE

Karakteristik Habitat dan Keberadaan Larva Aedes spp. pada Wilayah Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue Tertinggi dan Terendah di Kota Tasikmalaya

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Muhammad Umar Riandi

2017-06-01

masih merupakan cara untuk mencegah terjadinya kejadian luar biasa kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD. Kasus DBD di Kota Tasikmalaya hingga Juli 2015 terendah berada di Kelurahan Cikalang dan tertinggi di Kelurahan Cibunigeulis. Penelitian ini merupakan observasi deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kepadatan vektor dan faktor karakteristik habitat paling berisiko terhadap keberadaan larva Aedes sp. di wilyah kasus DBD tertinggi dan terendah di Kota Tasikmalaya. Pemeriksaan karakteristik habitat larva dilakukan terhadap 100 rumah di masing‐masing Kelurahan Cikalang dan Kelurahan Cibunigeulis. Hasilnya didapatkan habitat larva terbanyak di Cikalang berada pada jenis kontainer non‐TPA (18,4%, letak di dalam rumah (6,5%, berbahansemen/tanah/karet (11,1%, penutup kontainer terbuka (7,5%, volume <1 liter (14,6%, tanpa pengurasan (22,2%, tidak memelihara ikan (6,5%, ditaburi temefos (20,3%, dan sumber air PAM (7,7%. Adapun di Cibunigeulis habitat larva terbanyak ditemukan pada jenis kontainer non‐TPA (8,7%, letak di dalam rumah (0,9%, berbahan plastik/keramik/logam/kaca (0,9%, penutup kontainer terbuka (1,1%, volume <1 liter (4%, tanpa pengurasan (2,2%, tidak memelihara ikan (0,9%, tidak ditaburi temefos (0,9%, dan sumber air non‐PAM (0,9%. Uji regresi logistik biner memperlihatkan bahwa sumber air rumah tangga (p=0,021; OR=13,78 dan pengurasan kontainer (p=0,001; OR=0,101 sebagai faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan larva di Cikalang. Akan tetapi, di Cibunigeulis tidak ada satupun faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan larva Aedes. Hasil ini memperlihatkan besarnya pengaruh faktor pengurasan kontainer terhadap keberadaan larva Aedes spp. di wilayah kasus DBD tertinggi.Kata Kunci: Aedes spp., habitat larva, kepadatan larva, karakteristik habitat, Tasikmalaya

Dualisme Modular

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Natas Setiabudhi Daryono Putra

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Dualisme merupakan konsep filsafat yang menyatakan bahwa segala sesuatu memiliki dua hal yang berlawanan atau prinsip. Hidup dan mati, laki dan perempuan, siang dan malam, jiwa dan raga, sehat dan sakit, kaya dan miskin, baik dan buruk, halal dan haram, pro dan kontra, aktif dan pasif, statis dan dinamis, tampan dan buruk rupa, besar dan kecil, panjang dan pendek, manis dan pahit, mahal dan murah, kuat dan lemah, dan seterusnya. Dalam konteks karya ini merupakan representasi dari manusia yang pada dasarnya memiliki 2 kepribadian, baik dan buruk. Keduanya diterjemahkan ke dalam konsep modular dalam menyusun sebuah konfigurasi karya. Pesan yang ingin penulis sampaikan adalah seseorang tidak bisa dinilai dari “baju atau seragam” yang ia pakai. Selain itu keseimbangan dalam baik dan buruk yang direpresentasikan dengan modul positif dan negatif menjadi ambigu dalam kaitan dengan pahala dan dosa dalam Islam. Karya ini meminjam gambar Rubin’s vase/goblet (vas/piala Rubin karya seorang psikolog gestalt Edgar Rubin asal Denmark yang ditransformasi menjadi sebuah karya keramik 3 dimensional [1]. Vas/piala Rubin ini secara perseptual memiliki 2 makna, yaitu gambar vas/piala dan siluet wajah dari samping yang saling berhadapan (pengaruh antarobjek dan latar secara bergiliran. Proses kreasi berasal dari pengalaman empirik personal yang dihubungkan dengan teori-teori pendukung. Perpaduan keduanya menghasilkan karya seni yang merupakan representasi dari realitas. Dalam penciptaan karya seni rupa sebenarnya tidak ada metode baku seperti halnya dalam riset pada umumnya. Proses kreasi kadang berdasarkan intuisi, pengalaman personal yang dominan dan mengandung narasi yang sangat subjektif. Kesemuanya itu dikaitkan dengan disiplin ilmu lainnya (sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan politik untuk menghasilkan sebuah representasi. Modular Dualism Abstract. Dualism is the concept that everything has two opposite sides or principles. Life and death, male and female, day

KONDISI FISIK RUMAH DAN PERILAKU DENGAN PREVALENSI TB PARU DI PROPINSI DKI JAKARTA, BANTEN DAN SULAWESI UTARA

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Khadijah Azhar

2014-02-01

Full Text Available AbstrakSampai saat ini tuberkulosis (Tb paru masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Upaya-upaya  dalam mengeliminasi kasus  Tb paru  di  Indonesia  masih mengalami banyak kendala. Faktor lingkungan dan  perilaku  sangat  mempengaruhi  tingginya  prevalensi  Tb  paru.  Dari  33  propinsi  di  Indonesia, prevalensi  Tb  paru tertinggi berasal 3 propinsi, yaitu DKI Jakarta, Banten dan Sulawesi Utara. Analisis bivariat menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2010, bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara lingkungan (kondisi fisik rumah dan perilaku dengan prevalensi Tb paru di ketiga propinsi tersebut. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa prevalensi Tb paru lebih banyak diderita oleh kaum pria sebanyak 52,0%-63,1%. DKI Jakarta dan Banten memiliki jumlah penderita terbanyak berusia 25-34 tahun (29,0% dan 23,5%, sedangkan di Sulawesi Utara penderita Tb paru didominasi usia 55 tahun ke  atas  (29,2%.  Sosial  ekonomi  tidak  mempengaruhi  tingginya  prevalensi  Tb  paru  di  ketiga  propinsi.  Perilaku yang  mempermudah  terjadinya  penularan  Tb  paru,  seperti  tidak  membuka  kamar  tidur  setiap  hari  berisiko  terinfeksi sebesar 1,36 kali, sedangkan perilaku tidak menjemur kasur berisiko terinfeksi sebesar 1,423 kali. Kondisi fisik rumah yang berpengaruh adalah lantai rumah berupa semen plesteran rusak/papan/tanah yaitu berisiko 1,731 kali lebih besar dibanding  rumah  berlantai  keramik,  marmer  atau  ubin.  Diperlukan  analisis  lebih  lanjut  untuk  melihat  faktor  lain  yang dapat mempengaruhi tingginya prevalensi Tb paru di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Tb Paru, Perilaku, Lingkungan, Kondisi Fisik RumahAbstractTuberculosis  (pulmonary  Tb  is  still  a  health  problem  around  the  world,  inclunding  in  Indonesia  until  now. Efforts to eliminate cases of pulmonary Tb in Indonesia still have many obstacles

PHASE CHANGES ON 4H AND 6H SIC AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION

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Jan Setiawan

2016-10-01

-016-4971 card.  Diffraction pattern on 46S also showed lattice parameter, composition and crystallite size changes.  The lattice parameter changes not significant.  For 6S and 46S sam-ples at 1400 oC, the 6H-SiC phase changes into other phases more than 50 % from its original weight percentage. Keywords: silicon carbide, 4H-SiC, 6H-SiC, oxidation, high temperature. ABSTRAK PERUBAHAN FASA 4H DAN 6H SIC YANG TEROKSIDASI PADA TEMPERATUR TINGGI.  Telah dilakukan proses oksidasi pada silikon karbida yang mengadung fasa 6H dan silikon karbida yang mengandung fasa 4H dan 6H.  Silikon karbida merupakan keramik non oksida dengan sifat-sifat unggulnya yang sangat potensial digunakan dalam dunia industri.  Dalam industri nuklir silikon karbida digunakan sebagai bahan struktur kelongsong pada bahan bakar reaktor air ringan light water reactor (LWR dan sebagai pelapis pada kernel bahan bakar reaktor gas temperatur tinggi (RGTT.  Pada studi ini dilakukan simulasi oksidasi silikon karbida pada kernel apabila terjadi kegagalan pada pipa pendingin utamanya. Sampel dibentuk dari serbuk silikon karbida yang di pres hingga berbentuk pelet dengan diameter 12,7 mm dan ketebalan 1.0 mm kemudian dioksidasi pada temperatur 1000 oC, 1200 oC dan 1400 oC selama 1 jam.  Sampel sebelum dan setelah dioksidasi dilakukan penimbangan dan pengujian difraksi sinar-X menggunakan Difraktometer Panalytical Empyrean dengan Cu sebagai sumber sinar-X.  Analisis pola difraksi dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi General Structure Analysis System (GSAS, dengan hasil yang diperoleh adalah perubahan parameter kisi dan kandungan fasa SiC-nya.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel yang teroksidasi mengalami peningkatan berat.  Oksidasi sampel 6S menyebabkan kenaikan berat tertinggi pada temperatur 1200 oC, sedangkan sampel 46S memiliki berat dengan kecenderungan meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya temperatur oksidasi.  Analisis pola difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa fasa domi-nan yang terbentuk pada sampel

Dum lucet - bibamus sodales. Ob und wie wir Archäologen die Alten verstehen

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Iva Mikl Curk

2004-12-01

-Schälchens, welches uns nur durch eine Publikation bekannt ist (Mratschek 1987, könnte aber den Trinker - ob er schon ein Neusiedler aus Norditalien kommend oder ein Einheimischer, welcher das Schälchen zur Gästegabe bekommen hat, war - direkter ansprechen. Mit Bleiglasur glasierte Ware trägt zum Teil im Reliefdekor noch naturgetreu abgebildete Efeu- und Weinreben-Ranken, die aber bald größtenteils stilisiert werden. Manches Gefäß von dieser Sorte wurde schon in den provinziellen Werkstätten hergestellt, in der ersten Phase allerdings als Modellarbeit der italischen (oder in Italien ausgebildeten Meister. Das beweisen sehr klar die Unterschiede an der Ausarbeitung, wenn man die Gegenstände aus Poetovio z.B. mit denen aus Carnuntum vergleicht. Aus Norditalien stammt jedenfalls auch eine Zahl der Gesichtbecher, besonders derjenigen, die als Grabbeigabe in Emona ausgegraben worden sind (Brathwaite 2001; Schindler Kaudelka, Butti Ronchetti, Schneider 2000. Da aber auch in Emona ein spezifisch gearbeitetes Gefäß mit der Darstellung vom männlichen Gesicht als Graburne gedient hat, und die Scherben aus Siedlungsspuren und aus der Töpferwerkstätte in Poetovio wieder andere Eigenschaften aufweisen, würde die Autorin, was die Bestimmung solcher Gefäße betrifft, die Meinung vertreten, dass sie sowohl für den Gebrauch im Kultus als auch zum Erheitern der Tischrunde gedacht gewesen seien, wenn auch für verschiedene Umgebungen und nicht gleich in der Ausführung. Die Reihe des oben dargestellten Trinkgeschirrs stammte sozusagen ausschließlich aus dem mittelmeerländischen Kulturkreis oder aus direktem Import. Das einheimische Element schien seine Vorstellungen nicht durch naturgetreue Abbildungen an den Artefakten des täglichen Lebens kund gegeben zu haben. In den lokalen Werkstätten sind sogar direkte Nachbildungen, auch technisch so einfach, wie das bei Keramik möglich ist, kaum vorhanden. Das wird auch durch einen Topf von Poetovio (jetzt im Landesmuseum in Graz, der