Influence of Biofield Energy Treatment on Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Aniline Derivatives

OpenAIRE

Trivedi , Mahendra Kumar; Branton , Alice; Trivedi , Dahryn; Nayak , Gopal; Saikia , Gunin; Jana , Snehasis

2015-01-01

International audience; The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance of 13C/12C or 2H/1H or 15N/14N ≡ (PM+1)/PM in aniline; and (PM+1)/PM and 81Br/79Br ≡ (PM+2)/PM in 4-bromoaniline using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aniline and 4-bromoaniline samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control part remained as untreated, while the treated part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment...

Influence of Biofield Energy Treatment on Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Aniline Derivatives

OpenAIRE

Mahendra, Trivedi; Alice, Branton; Dahryn, Trivedi; Gopal, Nayak

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance of 13C/12C or 2H/1H or 15N/14N ≡ (PM+1)/PM in aniline; and (PM+1)/PM and 81Br/79Br ≡ (PM+2)/PM in 4-bromoaniline using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aniline and 4-bromoaniline samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control part remained as untreated, while the treated part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy treatment. The treated samples we...

Scientific criteria document for the development of an interim provincial water quality objective for aniline

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Angelow, R.V.; Bazinet, N.

1996-11-01

The purpose of this document is to develop an interim provincial water quality objective for aniline for the protection of aquatic life in Ontario. It reviews the sources of aniline in the environment, its environmental fate and properties, acute and chronic toxicity as determined from results reported in the literature on toxicity tests using vertebrates and invertebrates, the bioaccumulation of aniline in the environment, mutagenic effects, and threshold aniline concentrations affecting fish odour and taste. The document then explains the derivation of the interim water quality objective. Water quality criteria for aniline developed in other jurisdictions are noted.

Atomic-Level Organization of Vicinal Acid-Base Pairs through the Chemisorption of Aniline and Derivatives onto Mesoporous SBA15

KAUST Repository

Basset, Jean-Marie

2016-06-09

The design of novel heterogeneous catalysts with multiple adjacent functionalities is of high interest for heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we report a method to obtain a majority bifunctional acid-base pairs on SBA15. Aniline reacts with SBA15 by opening siloxane bridges leading to N-phenylsilanamine-silanol pairs. In contrast with ammonia treated surfaces, the material is stable under air/moisture. Advanced solid state MAS NMR: 2D ¹H-¹H double-quantum, ¹H-¹³C HETCOR experiments and dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced ²⁹Si and ¹⁵N spectra demonstrate both the close proximity between the two moieties and the formation of a covalent Si-N surface bond and confirm the design of vicinal acid-base pairs. This approach was successfully applied to the design of a series of aniline derivatives bifunctional SBA15. A correlation of the substituents effects on the aromatic ring (Hammet parameters) on the kinetics of the model reaction of Knoevenagel is observed.

[2- (2, 4-dimethylphenylthio) phenyl] aniline and it

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Sambhaji

MgSO4, 0.5 g aspargine and 2 ml glycerol in distilled water (100 ml) followed by pH ..... aniline and its derivatives with the crystal structure of. Page 13. 13. Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) (PDB ID: 4TZK).

Enrichment and molecular characterization of a bacterial culture that degrades methoxy-methyl urea herbicides and their aniline derivatives.

Science.gov (United States)

El-Fantroussi, S; Verstraete, W; Top, E M

2000-12-01

Soil treated with linuron for more than 10 years showed high biodegradation activity towards methoxy-methyl urea herbicides. Untreated control soil samples taken from the same location did not express any linuron degradation activity, even after 40 days of incubation. Hence, the occurrence in the field of a microbiota having the capacity to degrade a specific herbicide was related to the long-term treatment of the soil. The enrichment culture isolated from treated soil showed specific degradation activity towards methoxy-methyl urea herbicides, such as linuron and metobromuron, while dimethyl urea herbicides, such as diuron, chlorotoluron, and isoproturon, were not transformed. The putative metabolic intermediates of linuron and metobromuron, the aniline derivatives 3, 4-dichloroaniline and 4-bromoaniline, were also degraded. The temperature of incubation drastically affected degradation of the aniline derivatives. Whereas linuron was transformed at 28 and 37 degrees C, 3,4-dichloroaniline was transformed only at 28 degrees C. Monitoring the enrichment process by reverse transcription-PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that a mixture of bacterial species under adequate physiological conditions was required to completely transform linuron. This research indicates that for biodegradation of linuron, several years of adaptation have led to selection of a bacterial consortium capable of completely transforming linuron. Moreover, several of the putative species appear to be difficult to culture since they were detectable by DGGE but were not culturable on agar plates.

Patterning of electrically conductive poly(aniline-co-aniline sulfonic acid) and its application in the immobilization of cytochrome c

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oh, Se Young; Oh, Il Soo; Choi, Jeong-Woo

2004-01-01

We have synthesized poly(aniline-co-aniline sulfonic acid) and then investigated the feasibility of application as a specific and electrically conductive binding template for biomolecules. Poly(aniline-co-aniline sulfonic acid)s were prepared by oxidation polymerization of aniline and aniline sulfonic acid under various ratios. A fine pattern of the conducting copolyaniline was obtained by using a deep UV lithographic technique. Cytochrome c was immobilized onto the photochemically patterned conducting copolyaniline with a self-assembly method. Physical and electrochemical properties of the self-assembled cytochrome c monolayer were studied from atomic force microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The self-assembled cytochrome c monolayer immobilized onto the copolyaniline with a high electrical conductivity showed a high electrochemical activity

Structure and spectroscopic properties of N,S-coordinating 2-methyl-sulfanyl-N-[(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl-idene]aniline methanol monosolvate.

Science.gov (United States)

Richards, D Douglas; Ang, M Trisha C; McDonald, Robert; Bierenstiel, Matthias

2015-10-01

The reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-(methyl-sulfan-yl)aniline in refluxing methanol gave an olive-green residue in which yellow crystals of the title compound, C12H12N2S·CH3OH, were grown from slow evaporation of methanol at 263 K. In the crystal, hydrogen-bonding inter-actions link the aniline mol-ecule and a nearby methanol solvent mol-ecule. These units are linked by a pair of weak C-H⋯Omethanol interactions, forming inversion dimers consisting of two main molecules and two solvent molecules.

Nitrotyrosine formation in splenic toxicity of aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, M. Firoze; Wu Xiaohong; Kaphalia, Bhupendra S.; Boor, Paul J.; Ansari, G.A.S.

2003-01-01

Splenic toxicity of aniline is characterized by vascular congestion, hyperplasia, fibrosis and development of a variety of sarcomas in rats. However, the mechanisms of this selective splenic toxicity are not well understood. Previously we showed that aniline exposure causes oxidative damage to spleen. To further explore the oxidative mechanisms of aniline toxicity, we evaluated the contributions of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide reacts with superoxide anion to form peroxynitrite, a powerful oxidant that converts the tyrosine residues of proteins to nitrotyrosine (NT). Therefore, aim of this study was to establish the role of nitric oxide through the formation and localization of NT in the spleen of rats exposed to aniline. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given 1 mmol/kg per day aniline hydrochloride in water by gavage for 7 days, while the controls received water only. Immunohistochemical analysis for NT showed an intense staining in the red pulp areas of spleen from aniline-treated rats, localized in macrophages and sinusoidal cells. Occasionally mild NT immunostaining was also evident in the white pulp. Western blot analyses of the post-nuclear fraction of the spleens showed major nitrated proteins with molecular weights of 49, 30 and 18 kDa. Immunohistochemical analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) also showed increased expression in the red pulp of the spleens from aniline-treated rats; the cellular localization was similar to nitrated proteins. These studies suggest that oxidative stress in aniline toxicity also includes aberration in nitric oxide production leading to nitration of proteins. Functional consequences of such nitration will further elucidate the contribution of nitric oxide to the splenic toxicity of aniline

Photoinduced electron transfer interaction of anthraquinones with aniline quenchers: Influence of methyl substitution in aniline donors

Science.gov (United States)

Sivakumar, V.; Ponnamma, Deepalekshmi; Hussein, Yasser H. A.

2017-02-01

Photoinduced electron transfer between triplet state of 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) and its two derivatives: 2-chloro-9,10-anthraquinone (CAQ) and sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) and ground state aniline (AN) and its dimethyl substitutions: 2,3-dimethylaniline (2,3-DMA), 2,6-dimethylaniline (2,6-DMA), 3,5-dimethylaniline (3,5-DMA) and N,N-dimethylaniline (N,N-DMA) is studied using nanosecond laser flash photolysis at room temperature. Detection of radical bands of quinone anions and aniline cations along with their formation and/or decay kinetics are used to confirm the electron transfer (ET) process. In MeCN medium, AN quenches the triplet state of CAQ (CAQT) but not the triplets AQT or AQST. However in aqueous medium, AN quenches AQST and forms radical ion pair. All the DMAs can react through ET with all the triplet quinones at different degrees of efficiency in MeCN medium. Noticeably, the ring substituted DMAs are less efficient in electron donation to AQT or AQST while the N,N-DMA shows high efficiency in donating electron to all triplet quinones in MeCN medium. Charge distribution of donor molecules, in MeCN medium is calculated using density functional theory (DFT), and shows an enhancement of electron density of the ring of N,N-DMA, making it an ideal electron donor for ET studies compared to other DMAs. This systematic selection and usage of anilines with electrochemically tunable quinones can be viewed as a working model of donor-acceptor system that can be utilized in photoinduced ET applications.

Aniline oligomers versus polyaniline

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Stejskal, Jaroslav; Trchová, Miroslava

2012-01-01

Roč. 61, č. 2 (2012), s. 240-251 ISSN 0959-8103 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA400500905; GA AV ČR IAA100500902; GA ČR GA203/08/0686; GA ČR GA202/09/1626 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40500505 Keywords : polyaniline * anilin e oligomers * anilin e Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry Impact factor: 2.125, year: 2012

Effect of ortho-substituted aniline on the corrosion protection of aluminum in 2 mol/L H2SO4 solution

KAUST Repository

El-Deeb, Mohamed M.

2017-02-13

Corrosion protection of aluminum in 2 mol/L HSO solution is examined in the presence of ortho-substituted aniline derivatives using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Density function theory (DFT) calculations are performed to investigate the aluminum-electrolyte interface relationship in the absence and presence of both ortho-substituted aniline derivatives and sulphate anions, as well as their roles in the protection efficiency at the atomic level. Our results show that ortho-aniline derivatives are good inhibitors and that their efficiencies improved as the concentration increased. SEM-EDX analysis is used to confirm the adsorption thermodynamics of the studied compounds on the aluminum surface. The best inhibitory effect is exhibits in the presence of the methyl group in ortho-position followed by ortho-carboxilic compared to aniline. The adsorption of these compounds on the aluminum surface is well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherm as well as the experimental and the theoretical adosrption energies are in a good agreement. DFT calculations also show that the interaction between the inhibitors and the aluminum surface is mainly electrostatic and depends on the type of the ortho-substituted group in addition to the sulphate anions.

Synthesis by plasma of halogenated poly anilines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Enriquez, M.A.; Olayo, M.G.; Cruz, G.J.

2002-01-01

In this work polymerization by plasma of aniline with iodine and chlorine bonded chemically to the aniline ring were realized. The results of the synthesis and characterizations are compared with those ones obtained starting from the poly aniline synthesis (P An) doped with iodine, where the dopant was aggregated in the moment of the polymerization. The objective is to study the dopant behavior in the synthesis by plasma in function of the properties of these polymers. (Author)

Identification of Anaerobic Aniline-Degrading Bacteria at a Contaminated Industrial Site.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Weimin; Li, Yun; McGuinness, Lora R; Luo, Shuai; Huang, Weilin; Kerkhof, Lee J; Mack, E Erin; Häggblom, Max M; Fennell, Donna E

2015-09-15

Anaerobic aniline biodegradation was investigated under different electron-accepting conditions using contaminated canal and groundwater aquifer sediments from an industrial site. Aniline loss was observed in nitrate- and sulfate-amended microcosms and in microcosms established to promote methanogenic conditions. Lag times of 37 days (sulfate amended) to more than 100 days (methanogenic) were observed prior to activity. Time-series DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to identify bacteria that incorporated (13)C-labeled aniline in the microcosms established to promote methanogenic conditions. In microcosms from heavily contaminated aquifer sediments, a phylotype with 92.7% sequence similarity to Ignavibacterium album was identified as a dominant aniline degrader as indicated by incorporation of (13)C-aniline into its DNA. In microcosms from contaminated canal sediments, a bacterial phylotype within the family Anaerolineaceae, but without a match to any known genus, demonstrated the assimilation of (13)C-aniline. Acidovorax spp. were also identified as putative aniline degraders in both of these two treatments, indicating that these species were present and active in both the canal and aquifer sediments. There were multiple bacterial phylotypes associated with anaerobic degradation of aniline at this complex industrial site, which suggests that anaerobic transformation of aniline is an important process at the site. Furthermore, the aniline degrading phylotypes identified in the current study are not related to any known aniline-degrading bacteria. The identification of novel putative aniline degraders expands current knowledge regarding the potential fate of aniline under anaerobic conditions.

Graphene-poly aniline by oxidative electro polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pa-a, Jonathan E.; Enriquez, Erwin P.

2013-01-01

In this work , the photochemically synthesized NH 2 - graphene is doped with poly aniline through oxidative electro polymerization to form the NH 2 -graphene/poly aniline composites. These composites with varying amounts of NH 2 -graphene are investigated using Fourier Transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV)absorption spectroscopy , scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and electrochemical measurements. FTIR analysis strongly suggests incorporation of NH 2 -graphene sheets on poly aniline via imine (C=N) formation. UV/visible analysis of composites containing varying amounts of NH 2 -graphene in PANI shows different extent of modification on the oxidation state of the emeraldine base form to leuco emeraldine form of the PANI chain segments with possible formation of imine (C=N) units at other positions of the aniline ring in the composite, Time evolution UV/visible spectra by UV-irradiation of composites tend to proceed further with imine and phenazine-like microstructure formation. TEM and SEM images show patterns on aggregation of regular to deformed fibers surrounding planar surfaces which may indicate interior surface of NH 2 -graphene sheets not being grafted with polymers. Improved thermal stability of poly aniline in the presence of minimum amount of NH 2 -graphene sheets further confirms structural transformation within the microstructures. Electrochemical measurements by cyclic voltammetry show enhanced capacitive behavior relative to pure poly aniline. The route of synthesis using NH 2 -graphene and poly aniline offers a simple but controlled synthetic route for electrochemical doping and welding of N-containing heterocyclic structures onto pristine graphene sheets for possible use in sensing and energy storage applications. (author)

Unexpected Biotransformation of the HDAC Inhibitor Vorinostat Yields Aniline-Containing Fungal Metabolites.

Science.gov (United States)

Adpressa, Donovon A; Stalheim, Kayla J; Proteau, Philip J; Loesgen, Sandra

2017-07-21

The diversity of genetically encoded small molecules produced by filamentous fungi remains largely unexplored, which makes these fungi an attractive source for the discovery of new compounds. However, accessing their full chemical repertoire under common laboratory culture conditions is a challenge. Epigenetic manipulation of gene expression has become a well-established tool for overcoming this obstacle. Here, we report that perturbation of the endophytic ascomycete Chalara sp. 6661, producer of the isofusidienol class of antibiotics, with the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat resulted in the production of four new modified xanthones. The structures of chalanilines A (1) and B (2) and adenosine-coupled xanthones A (3) and B (4) were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic analyses, and the bioactivities of 1-4 were tested in antibiotic and cytotoxicity assays. Incorporation studies with deuterium-labeled vorinostat indicate that the aniline moiety in chalalanine A is derived from vorinostat itself. Our study shows that Chalara sp. is able to metabolize the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat to release aniline. This is a rare report of fungal biotransformation of the popular epigenetic modifier vorinostat into aniline-containing polyketides.

Oceurrence of fungi degrading aniline and its derivatives in biocenoses of wastewater treatment systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tomasz Słomczyński

2014-08-01

Full Text Available It has been found that numerous yeast-like microorganisms from the genera Geotrichum, Trichmporon, Candida, Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces occurring in wastewater treatment systems biocenoses arę able to utilize aniline, p-nitroaniline and acetanilide as a sole C-source. High active in this respect were strains belonging to the species of Geoirichum candidum, G. sericeum and Candida boidinii.

Characterization of poly-aniline/silicon heterojunction for gamma dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Laranjeira, Jane M.G.; Khoury, Helen J.; Azevedo, Walter M.; Silva Junior, Eronides F. da; Vasconcelos, Elder A.

2000-01-01

In this work, we have developed and characterized poly-aniline/silicon heterojunction diodes for dosimetry applications. The poly-aniline thin film (thickness in order of microns) was deposited on n-type Si (1 Ωcm) by spin-coating technique from soluble poly-aniline. Al electrode was evaporated on the back side of Si wafer and a circular gold electrode with an area of 0,0036 cm 2 was evaporated on the poly-aniline film. The UV-visible and infrared characterization of the poly-aniline solution and the poly-aniline film has also been done. The heterojunction presents good rectifying behavior at room temperature and the rectification ratio were found to be 51664 ±1,0 V under ambient conditions. The saturation current densities are of the order of 1,4 μA/cm 2 at -1,0 V. The forward current correspond to the negative polarity on the aluminum electrode side and the ideality factor of diodes was approximately 2. The rectifying characteristics of diodes was changed after interaction with gamma radiation ( 60 Co) and the results shows that this devices has potential for applications in dosimetry for doses in range of 0 to 4000 Gy. (author)

Aniline-induced nitrosative stress in rat spleen: Proteomic identification of nitrated proteins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fan Xiuzhen; Wang Jianling; Soman, Kizhake V.; Ansari, G.A.S.; Khan, M. Firoze

2011-01-01

Aniline exposure is associated with toxicity to the spleen which is characterized by splenomegaly, hyperplasia, fibrosis, and a variety of sarcomas on chronic exposure in rats. However, mechanisms by which aniline elicits splenotoxic responses are not well understood. Earlier we have shown that aniline exposure leads to increased nitration of proteins in the spleen. However, nitrated proteins remain to be characterized. Therefore, in the current study using proteomic approaches, we focused on characterizing the nitrated proteins in the spleen of aniline-exposed rats. Aniline exposure led to increased tyrosine nitration of proteins, as determined by 2D Western blotting with anti-3-nitrotyrosine specific antibody, compared to the controls. The analyzed nitrated proteins were found in the molecular weight range of 27.7 to 123.6 kDa. A total of 37 nitrated proteins were identified in aniline-treated and control spleens. Among them, 25 were found only in aniline-treated rats, 11 were present in both aniline-treated and control rats, while one was found in controls only. The nitrated proteins identified mainly represent skeletal proteins, chaperones, ferric iron transporter, enzymes, nucleic acids binding protein, and signaling and protein synthesis pathways. Furthermore, aniline exposure led to significantly increased iNOS mRNA and protein expression in the spleen, suggesting its role in increased reactive nitrogen species formation and contribution to increased nitrated proteins. The identified nitrated proteins provide a global map to further investigate alterations in their structural and functional properties, which will lead to a better understanding of the role of protein nitration in aniline-mediated splenic toxicity. - Highlights: → Proteomic approaches are used to identify nitrated proteins in the spleen. → Twenty five nitrated proteins were found only in the spleen of aniline-treated rats. → Aniline exposure led to increased iNOS mRNA and protein

Aniline Is Rapidly Converted Into Paracetamol Impairing Male Reproductive Development.

Science.gov (United States)

Holm, Jacob Bak; Chalmey, Clementine; Modick, Hendrik; Jensen, Lars Skovgaard; Dierkes, Georg; Weiss, Tobias; Jensen, Benjamin Anderschou Holbech; Nørregård, Mette Marie; Borkowski, Kamil; Styrishave, Bjarne; Martin Koch, Holger; Mazaud-Guittot, Severine; Jegou, Bernard; Kristiansen, Karsten; Kristensen, David Møbjerg

2015-11-01

Industrial use of aniline is increasing worldwide with production estimated to surpass 5.6 million metric tons in 2016. Exposure to aniline occurs via air, diet, and water augmenting the risk of exposing a large number of individuals. Early observations suggest that aniline is metabolized to paracetamol/acetaminophen, likely explaining the omnipresence of low concentrations of paracetamol in European populations. This is of concern as recent studies implicate paracetamol as a disrupter of reproduction. Here, we show through steroidogenic profiling that exposure to aniline led to increased levels of the Δ4 steroids, suggesting that the activity of CYP21 was decreased. By contrast, paracetamol decreased levels of androgens likely through inhibition of CYP17A1 activity. We confirm that aniline in vivo is rapidly converted to paracetamol by the liver. Intrauterine exposure to aniline and paracetamol in environmental and pharmaceutical relevant doses resulted in shortening of the anogenital distance in mice, a sensitive marker of fetal androgen levels that in humans is associated with reproductive malformations and later life reproductive disorders. In conclusion, our results provide evidence for a scenario where aniline, through its conversion into antiandrogenic paracetamol, impairs male reproductive development. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Polyaniline: Aniline oxidation with strong and weak oxidants under various acidity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bláha, Michal, E-mail: blaha@imc.cas.cz [Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 162 06 Prague 6 (Czech Republic); Trchová, Miroslava; Bober, Patrycja; Morávková, Zuzana [Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 162 06 Prague 6 (Czech Republic); Prokeš, Jan [Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, 180 00 Prague 8 (Czech Republic); Stejskal, Jaroslav [Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 162 06 Prague 6 (Czech Republic)

2017-06-15

Aniline was oxidized with three strong inorganic oxidants (ammonium peroxydisulfate, cerium(IV) sulfate, potassium dichromate), two weak inorganic oxidants (iron(III) chloride, silver nitrate), and one organic oxidant (p-benzoquinone) in aqueous solutions of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) of various concentration. Whereas oxidation of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate yielded high-molecular-weight conducting polyaniline (PANI) in the whole acidity range, the oxidation with cerium(IV) sulfate led also to a single product close to PANI with considerably lower molecular weight and lower conductivity. Potassium dichromate gave PANI only at high concentration of MSA. The use of iron(III) chloride yielded composite mixtures of PANI and low-molecular-weight aniline oligomers. The oxidation of aniline with silver nitrate led to composites of silver and an organic part, which was constituted either by aniline oligomers or conducting polyaniline or both. p-Benzoquinone as oxidant produced mainly aniline oligomers with poor conductivity and 2,5-dianilino-p-benzoquinone-like structure detected in FTIR and Raman spectra when oxidation proceeded with weak oxidants. A general model of oxidation with strong and weak oxidants was formulated. - Highlights: • Comparison of aniline oxidation with oxidants of different redox potential. • UV–vis, FTIR and Raman spectroscopies combined with size-exclusion chromatography. • The contents of polymer and oligomers were analyzed and discussed. • General model of aniline oxidation with strong and weak oxidants was formulated.

Terrestrial fate of coal-liquid constituents: behavior of alkyl anilines in soil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Felice, L.J.; Zachara, J.M.; Rogers, J.E.

1982-07-01

The low molecular weight aromatic amines (anilines) are important water soluble constituents of coal liquids. The impact of anilines released to the terrestrial environment will largely depend on their mobility and persistence. Studies were conducted to investigate those processes governing the mobility and persistence of the alkylanilines, namely, soil sorption and chemical/microbial degradation. Soil sorption measurements were conducted on aniline and several methyl substituted anilines on A and B horizons of a soil profile collected from Davies County, Kentucky. The magnitude of sorption was large in all horizons. Sorption in the B horizons was larger than in the A horizon for many of the anilines studied, indicating the importance of both the mineral matrix and organic carbon content of the soil in determining the magnitude of sorption. Results of these measurements indicate that movement of the anilines through the soil would be significantly attenuated by sorption reactions. Aniline sorption measurement in the A horizon after removal of the organic matter and in the B/sub 22/ horizon after removal of amorphous iron oxides and crystalline iron oxides indicate that organic matter largely controls aniline sorption in the A horizon, while crystalline iron oxides and phyllosilicates are important in the B horizons. The effects of pH on aniline sorption was also examined and shown to have significant effects on the magnitude of sorption in both A and B horizons. Soil degradation studies using /sup 14/C-3-methylaniline as a model for alkyl aniline degradation show that 3-methylaniline is readily metabolized by soil microorganisms during the 32-day period examined.

Aniline Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Primary Cultured Hepatocytes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yue Wang

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The toxicity and carcinogenicity of aniline in humans and animals have been well documented. However, the molecular mechanism involved in aniline-induced liver toxicity and carcinogenesis remains unclear. In our research, primary cultured hepatocytes were exposed to aniline (0, 1.25, 2.50, 5.0 and 10.0 μg/mL for 24 h in the presence or absence of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA, and glutathione (GSH, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD and catalase (CAT, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, cell viability, and apoptosis were detected. Levels of ROS and MDA were significantly increased and levels of GSH and CAT, activity of SOD, and mitochondrial membrane potential in hepatocytes were significantly decreased by aniline compared with the negative control group. The tail moment and DNA content of the tail in exposed groups were significantly higher than those in the negative control group. Cell viability was reduced and apoptotic death was induced by aniline in a concentration-dependent manner. The phenomena of ROS generation, oxidative damage, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage and apoptosis could be prevented if ROS inhibitor NAC was added. ROS generation is involved in the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA injury, which may play a role in aniline-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes. Our study provides insight into the mechanism of aniline-induced toxicity and apoptosis of hepatocytes.

Removal of amino groups from anilines through diazonium salt-based reactions.

Science.gov (United States)

He, Linman; Qiu, Guanyinsheng; Gao, Yueqiu; Wu, Jie

2014-09-28

This minireview describes the applications of in situ generated diazonium salts from anilines in organic synthesis. In situ generation of diazonium salts from anilines represents an efficient and practical pathway, leading to a series of useful structures. In these transformations, the amino group of aniline formally acts as a leaving group. Two distinctive kinds of mechanisms, including transition metal (especially palladium)-catalyzed oxidative addition-reductive elimination and a radical process, are involved in the removal of amino groups from anilines, and both catalytic processes are described in this minireview.

Synthesis of poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) coatings on copper

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raotole, Pritee, E-mail: priteeraotole@gmail.com; Patil, V. T.; Huse, V. R.; Chaudhari, A. L. [MGSM’s Arts, Science and Commerce, College, Chopda, Dist-Jalgaon 425107, Maharashtra (India); Raotole, Mahesh [Sharacchandrika Suresh Patil, Institute of Technology, Polytechnic, Chopda, Dist-Jalgaon, 425107, Maharashtra (India)

2016-05-06

The corrosion protective poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) (PAOT) coatings were synthesized on copper (Cu) by the electrochemical copolymerization of aniline with o-toluidine under cyclic voltammetry conditions. Aqueous oxalate solutions were used as the supporting electrolytes for the synthesis of PAOT coatings on Cu. The resulting coatings were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, cyclic voltammetry, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and scanning electron microscopy. The Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies reveal that the copolymerization of aniline and o-toluidine takes place on Cu substrates from an aqueous oxalate solutions and resulting in PAOT copolymer, there are more o-toluidine units than aniline units.

159 - 162_Kogo_Aniline

African Journals Online (AJOL)

pc

mechanical properties of doped polyester fabric with aniline w s of various ... tion of the PANI solution rly constant up to ... computer interface and printer according to the AS. Figure 2: .... Material Systems and Structures, 23(17), pp. 1969-1986.

Ru(III) catalyzed permanganate oxidation of aniline at environmentally relevant pH.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jing; Zhang, Ying; Wang, Hui; Guan, Xiaohong

2014-07-01

Ru(III) was employed as catalyst for aniline oxidation by permanganate at environmentally relevant pH for the first time. Ru(III) could significantly improve the oxidation rate of aniline by 5-24 times with its concentration increasing from 2.5 to 15 μmol/L. The reaction of Ru(III) catalyzed permanganate oxidation of aniline was first-order with respect to aniline, permanganate and Ru(III), respectively. Thus the oxidation kinetics can be described by a third-order rate law. Aniline degradation by Ru(III) catalyzed permanganate oxidation was markedly influenced by pH, and the second-order rate constant (ktapp) decreased from 643.20 to 2.67 (mol/L)⁻¹sec⁻¹ with increasing pH from 4.0 to 9.0, which was possibly due to the decrease of permanganate oxidation potential with increasing pH. In both the uncatalytic and catalytic permanganate oxidation, six byproducts of aniline were identified in UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Ru(III), as an electron shuttle, was oxidized by permanganate to Ru(VI) and Ru(VII), which acted the co-oxidants for decomposition of aniline. Although Ru(III) could catalyze permanganate oxidation of aniline effectively, dosing homogeneous Ru(III) into water would lead to a second pollution. Therefore, efforts would be made to investigate the catalytic performance of supported Ru(III) toward permanganate oxidation in our future study. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Electrorheology of aniline oligomers

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Mrlík, M.; Sedlačík, M.; Pavlínek, V.; Bober, Patrycja; Trchová, Miroslava; Stejskal, Jaroslav; Sáha, P.

2013-01-01

Roč. 291, č. 9 (2013), s. 2079-2086 ISSN 0303-402X R&D Projects: GA ČR GA202/09/1626 Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : anilin e oligomers * polyaniline * electrorheology Subject RIV: JI - Composite Materials Impact factor: 2.410, year: 2013

Synthesis and anti-depressant evaluation of novel pyrazolone derivatives

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Vijay Kumar Merugumolu

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Diazotization of substituted anilines with NaNO2 and concentrated hydrochloric acid at 0ºC gave the diazonium chlorides. Coupling of substituted aryl diazonium chlorides with ethyl acetoacetate in methanol gave ethyl-2-aryl-hydrazono-3-oxobutyrates (2a-h. Reaction of (2a-h with naphthoic carbohydrazide (3 gave the title compounds pyrazolone derivatives (4a-h. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in vivo anti-depressant activity by tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Some of the tested compounds 4f, 4g showed very good activity when compared to the standard drug imipramine. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by physical parameters and the structures were elucidated by spectral data.

Fluorescence quenching of newly synthesized biologically active coumarin derivative by aniline in binary solvent mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Evale, Basavaraj G.; Hanagodimath, S.M.

2009-01-01

The fluorescence quenching of newly synthesized coumarin (chromen-2-one) derivative, 4-(5-methyl-3-furan-2-yl-benzofuran-2-yl)-7-methyl-chromen-2-one (MFBMC) by aniline in different solvent mixtures of benzene and acetonitrile was determined at room temperature (296 K) by steady-state fluorescence measurements. The quenching is found to be appreciable and positive deviation from linearity was observed in the Stern-Volmer (S-V) plots in all the solvent mixtures. This could be explained by static and dynamic quenching models. The positive deviation in the S-V plot is interpreted in terms of ground-state complex formation model and sphere of action static quenching model. Various rate parameters for the fluorescence quenching process have been determined by using the modified Stern-Volmer equation. The sphere of action static quenching model agrees very well with experimental results. The dependence of Stern-Volmer constant K SV , on dielectric constant ε of the solvent mixture suggests that the fluorescence quenching is diffusion-limited. Further with the use of finite sink approximation model, it is concluded that these bimolecular quenching reactions are diffusion-limited. Using lifetime (τ o ) data, the distance parameter R' and mutual diffusion coefficient D are estimated independently.

Synthesis and characterization of novel N-substituted poly aniline by Triton X-100

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arsalani, N.; Khavei, M.; Entezami, A. A.

2003-01-01

A new N-substituted poly aniline is synthesized by insertion of polyether chain in the form of Triton X-100 onto the poly aniline backbone. In the preparation method, firstly the emeraldine base poly aniline was reacted with Na H to produce the N-anionic doped poly aniline and then contacted with chlorinated Triton X-100. The prepared N-substituted poly aniline was characterized by UV-vis, FTIR, 1 H NMR spectroscopy techniques and elemental analysis. The physical properties of synthesized polymer such as electrical conductivity, thermal and electro activity properties were also studied. The prepared polymer has good solubility in common organic solvents such as T HF and chloroform

Microbial mineralization of ring-substituted anilines through an ortho-cleavage pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeyer, J; Wasserfallen, A; Timmis, K N

1985-08-01

Moraxella sp. strain G is able to utilize as sole source of carbon and nitrogen aniline, 4-fluoroaniline, 2-chloroaniline, 3-chloroaniline, 4-chloroaniline (PCA), and 4-bromoaniline but not 4-iodoaniline, 4-methylaniline, 4-methoxyaniline, or 3,4-dichloroaniline. The generation time on PCA was 6 h. The pathway for the degradation of PCA was investigated by analysis of catabolic intermediates and enzyme activities. Mutants of strain G were isolated to enhance the accumulation of specific pathway intermediates. PCA was converted by an aniline oxygenase to 4-chlorocatechol, which in turn was degraded via a modified ortho-cleavage pathway. Synthesis of the aniline oxygenase was inducible by various anilines. This enzyme exhibited a broad substrate specificity. Its specific activity towards substituted anilines seemed to be correlated more with the size than with the electron-withdrawing effect of the substituent and was very low towards anilines having substituents larger than iodine or a methyl group. The initial enzyme of the modified ortho-cleavage pathway, catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, had similar characteristics to those of corresponding enzymes of pathways for the degradation of chlorobenzoic acid and chlorophenol, that is, a broad substrate specificity and high activity towards chlorinated and methylated catechols.

Structure and spectroscopic properties of N,S-coordinating 2-methylsulfanyl-N-[(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene]aniline methanol monosolvate

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D. Douglas Richards

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and 2-(methylsulfanylaniline in refluxing methanol gave an olive-green residue in which yellow crystals of the title compound, C12H12N2S·CH3OH, were grown from slow evaporation of methanol at 263 K. In the crystal, hydrogen-bonding interactions link the aniline molecule and a nearby methanol solvent molecule. These units are linked by a pair of weak C—H...Omethanol interactions, forming inversion dimers consisting of two main molecules and two solvent molecules.

Effect of ortho-substituted aniline on the corrosion protection of aluminum in 2 mol/L H2SO4 solution

KAUST Repository

El-Deeb, Mohamed M.; Alshammari, Hamed M.; Abdel-Azeim, Safwat

2017-01-01

Corrosion protection of aluminum in 2 mol/L HSO solution is examined in the presence of ortho-substituted aniline derivatives using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Density function theory (DFT

COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY: AQUEOUS ONE-ELECTRON OXIDATION POTENTIALS FOR SUBSTITUTED ANILINES

Science.gov (United States)

Semiempirical molecular orbital theory and density functional theory are used to compute one-electron oxidation potentials for aniline and a set of 21 mono- and di-substituted anilines in aqueous solution. Linear relationships between theoretical predictions and experiment are co...

Synthesis of substituted bromobenzene derivatives via bromoanilines. A moderately selective ortho-bromination of [14C]-aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weller, P.E.; Hanzlik, R.P.

1988-01-01

The synthesis of [ 14 C]-labeled bromobenzene, 2-bromophenol, 4-bromophenol, 1,2-dibromobenzene, 2-bromobenzonitrile, 2-bromotoluene, and 2-bromoanisole are reported. [ 14 C]-Aniline is selectively monobrominated to ortho- and para-bromoanilines in 5 to 3 ratio. The separated bromoanilines are diazotized and either reduced, hydrolyzed, coupled to bromide, coupled to cyanide, or coupled to carbon. 2-Bromophenol is O-methylated to 2-bromoanisole. (author)

Synthesis and Bioactivity of N-Benzoyl-N'-[5-(2'-substituted phenyl-2-furoyl] Semicarbazide Derivatives

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Zining Cui

2010-06-01

Full Text Available In order to find novel chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs with good activity, benzoylphenylurea, a typical kind of CSIs, was chosen as the lead compound and 15 novel derivatives containing furan moieties were designed by converting the urea linkage of benzoylphenylureas into a semicarbazide and changing the aniline part into furoyl groups. The title compounds were synthesized by the reaction of substituted benzoyl isocyanates with 5-(substituted phenyl-2-furoyl hydrazine, and the structures were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses (compound E2. The bioassay results indicated that the title compounds exhibit good insecticidal activity, especially towards Plutella xylostella L., but had lower fungicidal activity. Inspiringly, the title compounds possessed obvious anticancer activity against human promyelocytic leukemic cell line (HL-60, and some of the title compounds also had activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Bel-7402, human gastric carcinoma cell line (BGC-823, and human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (KB. The results indicated that the linkage in the lead compounds was important to the bioactivity and spectra. The modification on the urea linkage is an effective strategy to discover new pesticide and drug candidates.

Graphene Derivative in Magnetically Recoverable Catalyst Determines Catalytic Properties in Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes to Anilines with 2-Propanol.

Science.gov (United States)

Das, Vijay Kumar; Mazhar, Sumaira; Gregor, Lennon; Stein, Barry D; Morgan, David Gene; Maciulis, Nicholas A; Pink, Maren; Losovyj, Yaroslav; Bronstein, Lyudmila M

2018-06-14

Here, we report transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to aminoarenes using 2-propanol as a hydrogen source and Ag-containing magnetically recoverable catalysts based on partially reduced graphene oxide (pRGO) sheets. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data demonstrated that, during the one-pot catalyst synthesis, formation of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) is accompanied by the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to pRGO. The formation of Ag 0 NPs on top of magnetite nanoparticles does not change the pRGO structure. At the same time, the catalyst structure is further modified during the transfer hydrogenation, leading to a noticeable increase of sp 2 carbons. These carbons are responsible for the adsorption of substrate and intermediates, facilitating a hydrogen transfer from Ag NPs and creating synergy between the components of the catalyst. The nitroarenes with electron withdrawing and electron donating substituents allow for excellent yields of aniline derivatives with high regio and chemoselectivity, indicating that the reaction is not disfavored by these functionalities. The versatility of the catalyst synthetic protocol was demonstrated by a synthesis of an Ru-containing graphene derivative based catalyst, also allowing for efficient transfer hydrogenation. Easy magnetic separation and stable catalyst performance in the transfer hydrogenation make this catalyst promising for future applications.

Radioisotope tracer study in an aniline production reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pant, H.J.; Yelgoankar, V.N.; Mendhekar, G.N.

1995-01-01

A radioisotope tracer study was carried out in an aniline production reactor to investigate the cause of poor heat transfer from tube side to shell side in an aniline production (ANPO) reactor. The results of the study indicated that more than 50% of the shell volume was reduced due to deposition of the process material (i.e. fouling) on the shell walls and may be the cause of poor heat transfer in the reactor. (author). 2 refs., 2 figs

Catalytic wet air oxidation of aniline with nanocasted Mn-Ce-oxide catalyst.

Science.gov (United States)

Levi, R; Milman, M; Landau, M V; Brenner, A; Herskowitz, M

2008-07-15

The catalytic wet air oxidation of aqueous solution containing 1000 ppm aniline was conducted in a trickle-bed reactor packed with a novel nanocasted Mn-Ce-oxide catalyst (surface area of 300 m2/g) prepared using SBA-15 silica as a hard template. A range of liquid hourly space velocities (5-20 h(-1)) and temperatures (110-140 degrees C) at 10 bar of oxygen were tested. The experiments were conducted to provide the intrinsic performance of the catalysts. Complete aniline conversion, 90% TOC conversion, and 80% nitrogen mineralization were achieved at 140 degrees C and 5 h(-1). Blank experiments yielded relatively low homogeneous aniline (<35%) and negligible TOC conversions. Fast deactivation of the catalysts was experienced due to leaching caused by complexation with aniline. Acidification of the solution with HCI (molar HCI to aniline ratio of 1.2) was necessary to avoid colloidization and leaching of the nanoparticulate catalyst components. The catalyst displayed stable performance for over 200 h on stream.

Competitive reaction in hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of coal-derived naphtha

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Machida, M. (Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan). Central Research Lab.); Sakao, Y.; Ono, S. (Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan))

1994-03-01

The naphtha fraction derived from coal is expected to be one of the most suitable blending stocks for motor gasoline because of its high contents of cyclic hydrocarbons. However, since the contents of nitrogen and oxygen are high in the coal naphtha, the amounts of these elements must be reduced to acceptable levels. In this study, aiming to clarify the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) performances of practical feed stocks, HDN and HDO of coal-derived naphtha and its model compounds were examined by using a catalyst Ni-Mo/Al2O3 group. There are tree types of nitrogen compounds, pyridine, pyrrole and aniline, in the coal-derived naphtha. Aniline type nitrogen compounds in the coal-derived naphtha are more resistant to HDN than pyridine type compounds, though aniline is more reactive than pyridine when the reaction is carried out individually. 14 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

Structural characterization of Poly aniline blended with polyacrylamide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fayek, S.A.; El-Sayed, S.M.; Sayed, W.M.

2007-01-01

Poly aniline / polyacrylamide blends in presence of different catalysts were prepared. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the samples produced are crystalline. Optical gap of the blend in the presence of NaCIO 4 used as a catalyst is greater than that in the presence of (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 as a catalyst. The structure of polyacrylamide (PAM) blended with poly aniline (PANI) were investigated by infrared spectroscopy, Grain size was identified using scanning electron microscopy [SEM

Molecular Interaction Study of some ortho and para Substituted Anilines with 1-Octanol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. S. Manjunatha

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Interactions between ortho and para substituents of anilines such as chloroaniline, methylaniline and methoxyaniline with 1-octanol have been studied in carbon tetrachloride. The most likely association of complex between 1-octanol and substituents of anilines is 1:1 stoichiometric complex, through hydroxyl group of 1-octanol and amine group of ortho and para substituents of anilines. Interactions are studied on the bases of formation constant and free energy changes. Formation constant of the complex has been calculated using Nash method. The result shows that molecular interaction of 1-octanol as proton donor with methyl and chloride substitution of anilines in ortho position is smaller than the para position substitution of anilines. The results shows, the ability of acceptors is in the order p-methoxyaniline < o-chloroaniline

[Removal Kinetics and Mechanism of Aniline by Manganese-oxide-modified Diatomite].

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, Shao-dan; Liu, Lu; Jiang, Li-ying; Chen, Jian-meng

2015-06-01

A novel rapid green one-step method was developed for the preparation of manganese modified diatomite (Mn-D) by treating roasted diatomite with an acidic permanganate solution. The effects of calcination temperature and mass ratio of KMnO4 and diatomite (p) on aniline removal efficiency of Mn-D were investigated. The removal kinetics and mechanism of aniline by Mn-D were also discussed. The results showed that when the optimal calcination temperature was 450 degrees C, p was 1.6, and the loading amounts of δ-MnO2 was 0.82 g x g(-1), Mn-D had a great performance for aniline removal, and more than 80% of aniline was adsorbed within 10 minutes, accompanied with the release of Mn2+. In acidic conditions, the adsorption process on Mn-D followed pseudo-second-order and was mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. The best fitting of the experimental adsorption data was given by the Freundlich equation. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer was applied to identify the reaction intermediates at different times, and azobenzene was found to be the main reaction intermediate in the degradation system. Based on the above observations, the possible degradation pathway of aniline by Mn-D was proposed.

Efficient treatment of aniline containing wastewater in bipolar membrane microbial electrolysis cell-Fenton system.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xiaohu; Jin, Xiangdan; Zhao, Nannan; Angelidaki, Irini; Zhang, Yifeng

2017-08-01

Aniline-containing wastewater can cause significant environmental problems and threaten the humans's life. However, rapid degradation of aniline with cost-efficient methods remains a challenge. In this work, a novel microbial electrolysis cell with bipolar membrane was integrated with Fenton reaction (MEC-Fenton) for efficient treatment of real wastewater containing a high concentration (4460 ± 52 mg L -1 ) of aniline. In this system, H 2 O 2 was in situ electro-synthesized from O 2 reduction on the graphite cathode and was simultaneously used as source of OH for the oxidation of aniline wastewater under an acidic condition maintained by the bipolar membrane. The aniline was effectively degraded following first-order kinetics at a rate constant of 0.0166 h -1 under an applied voltage of 0.5 V. Meanwhile, a total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of 93.1 ± 1.2% was obtained, revealing efficient mineralization of aniline. The applicability of bipolar membrane MEC-Fenton system was successfully demonstrated with actual aniline wastewater. Moreover, energy balance showed that the system could be a promising technology for removal of biorefractory organic pollutants from wastewaters. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Synthesis and characterization of poly iodine anilines by plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Enriquez P, M.A.

2003-01-01

The polymers and organic materials present a numberless quantity of applications. However, it has not been but until recent times that it has been found that some of these materials can possess semiconductor properties. This has generated a great interest for the investigation in the area of semiconductor polymers. The poly aniline (Pan) it is one of the main semiconductor polymers because their electric properties change depending on the doping and of the state of oxidation to the one the molecules are subjected. The synthesis of this material has been carried out by means of chemical oxidation or electrochemistry. In this work a study is presented on the formation of poly aniline polymers with halogens chemically united to the aniline ring, poly(m-iodine aniline) (m-PAnI) and poly(m-chloroaniline) (m-PAnCI) for plasma. The plasma is generated by means of discharges of splendor with an r f amplifier to 13.5 MHz to drops pressures (10 -2 mbar). The synthesized polymers were obtained in form of thin film in the walls of the reactor and in the substrate introduced in the one. The electric properties of the polymers were evaluated in function of the time of reaction. Also, the conductivity of the polymers was compared synthesized in this work with reported data of synthesized poly aniline and doped with iodine for plasma. The highest values in conductivity are obtained in the poly aniline where the halogens are chemically connected to the ring that if it is doped with iodine. The atomic proportion in the surface of the polymers was analyzed by dispersive energy spectroscopy with which is deduced that the halogens come off of the molecules of the monomers or of the polymer in formation and that the atoms of iodine get lost more easily than those of chlorine. Other techniques that were used to characterize to the poly aniline were scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results are presented in

Photochemical removal of aniline in aqueous solutions: switching from photocatalytic degradation to photo-enhanced polymerization recovery.

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Heqing; Li, Jing; Bie, Yeqiang; Zhu, Lihua; Zou, Jing

2010-03-15

Organic pollutants may be treated by either a degradation process or a recovery process in the view point of sustainable chemistry. Photocatalytic removal of aniline was investigated in aqueous solutions. It was found that the photocatalytic oxidation of aniline resulted in its degradation or polymerization, depending on its concentration. Hence a new treatment strategy was proposed in combination of photocatalytic degradation and polymerization, where the polymerization was in fact a recovery process. When aniline concentration was as low as 0.1 mmol L(-1), it was possible to photocatalytically degrade aniline, which could be further enhanced by increasing solution pH, modifying TiO(2) surface with the addition of anions, or coupling with the photoreduction of added oxidants. When aniline concentration was increased to about 1 mmol L(-1), the photocatalytic oxidation was observed to yield the polymerization of aniline, leading to nanocomposites of polyaniline (PAN) and TiO(2). Alternatively, the photo-enhanced chemical polymerization of aniline at higher concentrations (>or=50 mmol L(-1)) in the presence of chemical oxidants produced PAN nanostructures. The conversion of pollutant aniline to valuable PAN nanostructures or nano-PAN/TiO(2) composites is suggestive for possible applications in the treatment of aniline wastewaters as a sustainable environmental protection measure. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Probing the molecular determinants of aniline dioxygenase substrate specificity by saturation mutagenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Ang, Ee L; Obbard, Jeffrey P; Zhao, Huimin

2007-02-01

Aniline dioxygenase is a multicomponent Rieske nonheme-iron dioxygenase enzyme isolated from Acinetobacter sp. strain YAA. Saturation mutagenesis of the substrate-binding pocket residues, which were identified using a homology model of the alpha subunit of the terminal dioxygenase (AtdA3), was used to probe the molecular determinants of AtdA substrate specificity. The V205A mutation widened the substrate specificity of aniline dioxygenase to include 2-isopropylaniline, for which the wild-type enzyme has no activity. The V205A mutation also made 2-isopropylaniline a better substrate for the enzyme than 2,4-dimethylaniline, a native substrate of the wild-type enzyme. The I248L mutation improved the activity of aniline dioxygenase against aniline and 2,4-dimethylaniline approximately 1.7-fold and 2.1-fold, respectively. Thus, it is shown that the alpha subunit of the terminal dioxygenase indeed plays a part in the substrate specificity as well as the activity of aniline dioxygenase. Interestingly, the equivalent residues of V205 and I248 have not been previously reported to influence the substrate specificity of other Rieske dioxygenases. These results should facilitate future engineering of the enzyme for bioremediation and industrial applications.

Molecular Interaction Study of some ortho and para Substituted Anilines with 1-Octanol

OpenAIRE

Manjunatha, M. S.; Sannappa, J.

2010-01-01

Interactions between ortho and para substituents of anilines such as chloroaniline, methylaniline and methoxyaniline with 1-octanol have been studied in carbon tetrachloride. The most likely association of complex between 1-octanol and substituents of anilines is 1:1 stoichiometric complex, through hydroxyl group of 1-octanol and amine group of ortho and para substituents of anilines. Interactions are studied on the bases of formation constant and free energy changes. Formation constant of...

Conductive nano composites based on cellulose nano fiber coated poly aniline via in situ polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Michael J. da; Sanches, Alex O.; Malmonge, Luiz F.; Malmonge, Jose A.; Medeiros, Eliton S. de; Rosa, Morsyleide F.

2011-01-01

Cellulose nano fiber (CNF) was extracted by acid hydrolysis from cotton microfibril and nano composites of CNF/PANI-DBSA were obtained by in situ polymerization of aniline onto CNF. The ratios between DBSA/aniline and aniline/oxidant were varied and the nano composites were characterized by four probes direct current (dc) electrical conductivity, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis-NIR) and FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrical conductive about ∼10 -1 S/cm was research and was independent of DBSA/aniline molar ratio between 2-4 and the aniline/oxidant molar ratio between 1-5. X-ray patterns of the samples show crystalline peaks characteristic of cellulose I. The FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of PANI and CNF in all samples. (author)

Separation optimization of aniline and seven 4-substituted anilines in high-submicellar liquid chromatography using empirical retention modeling and Derringer's desirability function.

Science.gov (United States)

Hadjmohammadi, Mohammad Reza; S J Nazari, S Saman

2013-08-01

The separation optimization of aniline and seven 4-substituted derivatives in high-submicellar LC was performed using an interpretive optimization strategy and Derringer's desirability function. Description of the retention of solutes was carried out through several hyperbolic and logarithmic retention models using the retention data of five mobile phases of SDS (0.06-0.12 M) and methanol (50-70% v/v) at pH 3. Among the investigated models, a logarithmic retention model logk=c0+c1φ+c2[S]+c12φ[S]+d12(φ[S])0.5 showed the best prediction capability and was used to predict the solute retention factors. A grid search program was used to calculate the retention times of each solute, based on the best retention model, for all combinations of SDS and methanol concentrations in the factor space. Two different chromatographic goals, analysis time and retention differences between adjacent peaks, were evaluated simultaneously using Derringer's desirability function for each mobile phase conditions in the grid search. Optimal mobile phase composition for separation of eight anilines was found to be 0.119 M SDS and 53% v/v methanol. Under these conditions, full resolutions with a reasonable analysis time (22 min) were obtained. At the optimal condition, a good agreement was observed between predicted and experimental values of the retention times. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Oxidative DNA damage and its repair in rat spleen following subchronic exposure to aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ma Huaxian; Wang Jianling; Abdel-Rahman, Sherif Z.; Boor, Paul J.; Khan, M. Firoze

2008-01-01

The mechanisms by which aniline exposure elicits splenotoxic response, especially the tumorigenic response, are not well-understood. Splenotoxicity of aniline is associated with iron overload and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can cause oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids (oxidative stress). 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is one of the most abundant oxidative DNA lesions resulting from ROS, and 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1), a specific DNA glycosylase/lyase enzyme, plays a key role in the removal of 8-OHdG adducts. This study focused on examining DNA damage (8-OHdG) and repair (OGG1) in the spleen in an experimental condition preceding a tumorigenic response. To achieve that, male Sprague-Dawley rats were subchronically exposed to aniline (0.5 mmol/kg/day via drinking water for 30 days), while controls received drinking water only. Aniline treatment led to a significant increase in splenic oxidative DNA damage, manifested as a 2.8-fold increase in 8-OHdG levels. DNA repair activity, measured as OGG1 base excision repair (BER) activity, increased by ∼ 1.3 fold in the nuclear protein extracts (NE) and ∼ 1.2 fold in the mitochondrial protein extracts (ME) of spleens from aniline-treated rats as compared to the controls. Real-time PCR analysis for OGG1 mRNA expression in the spleen revealed a 2-fold increase in expression in aniline-treated rats than the controls. Likewise, OGG1 protein expression in the NEs of spleens from aniline-treated rats was ∼ 1.5 fold higher, whereas in the MEs it was ∼ 1.3 fold higher than the controls. Aniline treatment also led to stronger immunostaining for both 8-OHdG and OGG1 in the spleens, confined to the red pulp areas. It is thus evident from our studies that aniline-induced oxidative stress is associated with increased oxidative DNA damage. The BER pathway was also activated, but not enough to prevent the accumulation of oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG). Accumulation of mutagenic oxidative

Synthesis by plasma of halogenated poly anilines; Sintesis por plasma de polianilinas halogenadas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Enriquez, M.A.; Olayo, M.G.; Cruz, G.J. [Facultad de Quimica, UAEM, 50000 Toluca, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

2002-07-01

In this work polymerization by plasma of aniline with iodine and chlorine bonded chemically to the aniline ring were realized. The results of the synthesis and characterizations are compared with those ones obtained starting from the poly aniline synthesis (P An) doped with iodine, where the dopant was aggregated in the moment of the polymerization. The objective is to study the dopant behavior in the synthesis by plasma in function of the properties of these polymers. (Author)

Synthesis and characterization of nanometal-ordered mesoporous carbon composites as heterogeneous catalysts for electrooxidation of aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duan, Xiaoyue; Chen, Yawen; Liu, Xinyue; Chang, Limin

2017-01-01

Highlights: •NM-OMC catalysts were prepared for electrochemical oxidation of aniline. •The oxidation of aniline was studied with NM-OMC catalysts suspended in solution. •The Cu-OMC exhibited the highest catalytic activity for aniline degradation. •The mineralization current efficiency was improved by 2 times with Cu-OMC catalyst. •An electrochemical mineralization pathway of aniline was proposed. -- Abstract: The Cu, Co and Ni nanometal embedded ordered mesoporous carbons (NM-OMCs) were fabricated by a soft-template method using phenol/formaldehyde as carbon source and triblock copolymer F127 as template agent. The morphology, structure, surface physicochemical properties and pore structure of the NM-OMCs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. Their potential application to the electrocatalytic degradation of aniline was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and ·OH radicals generation test. Furthermore, the electrochemical oxidation process of aniline was also investigated in the presence of the OMC-based catalyst particles suspended in a Na 2 SO 4 solution using a PbO 2 anode. Results revealed that the NM-OMCs inherited the ordered mesostructure of pristine OMC and the metal nanoparticles (Cu, Co or Ni) were embedded in the carbon framework. The Cu-OMC exhibited significantly higher catalytic activity than OMC and other NM-OMCs for the electrooxidation of aniline. In electrochemical oxidation process of aniline, nearly all of aniline could be degraded after 120 min of electrolysis with Cu-OMC particles as catalyst, while 89%, 92%, and 97% with OMC, Co-OMC and Ni-OMC catalysts, respectively, obviously higher than 76% of electrochemical oxidation without assistance of catalysts. After

Removal of aniline and phenol from water using raw and aluminum hydroxide-modified diatomite.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, C D; Zhang, J Y; Wang, L; He, M H

2013-01-01

The feasibility of using raw diatomite and aluminum hydroxide-modified diatomite (Al-diatomite) for removal of aniline and phenol from water was investigated. Their physicochemical characteristics such as pHsolution, point of zero charge (pHPZC), surface area, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy was determined. After the raw diatomite was modified, the surface area of Al-diatomite increases from 26.67 to 82.65 m(2) g(-1). The pHPZC and pHsolution (10%) occurred around pH 5.2 and pH 8.6, respectively. The removal rates of aniline and phenol on diatomite and Al-diatomite decreased with increasing solution pH, while surface charge density decreased. The adsorption of aniline and phenol on diatomite presented a good fit to the Langmuir and Freundlich models, but the models are not fit to forecast the adsorption of aniline and phenol on Al-diatomite. The study indicated that electrostatic interaction was a dominating mechanism of aniline and phenol sorption onto Al-diatomite.

Acclimation of aerobic-activated sludge degrading benzene derivatives and co-metabolic degradation activities of trichloroethylene by benzene derivative-grown aerobic sludge.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Shizong; Yang, Qi; Bai, Zhiyong; Wang, Shidong; Wang, Yeyao; Nowak, Karolina M

2015-01-01

The acclimation of aerobic-activated sludge for degradation of benzene derivatives was investigated in batch experiments. Phenol, benzoic acid, toluene, aniline and chlorobenzene were concurrently added to five different bioreactors which contained the aerobic-activated sludge. After the acclimation process ended, the acclimated phenol-, benzoic acid-, toluene-, aniline- and chlorobenzene-grown aerobic-activated sludge were used to explore the co-metabolic degradation activities of trichloroethylene (TCE). Monod equation was employed to simulate the kinetics of co-metabolic degradation of TCE by benzene derivative-grown sludge. At the end of experiments, the mixed microbial communities grown under different conditions were identified. The results showed that the acclimation periods of microorganisms for different benzene derivatives varied. The maximum degradation rates of TCE for phenol-, benzoic acid-, toluene-, aniline- and chlorobenzene-grown aerobic sludge were 0.020, 0.017, 0.016, 0.0089 and 0.0047 mg g SS(-1) h(-1), respectively. The kinetic of TCE degradation in the absence of benzene derivative followed Monod equation well. Also, eight phyla were observed in the acclimated benzene derivative-grown aerobic sludge. Each of benzene derivative-grown aerobic sludge had different microbial community composition. This study can hopefully add new knowledge to the area of TCE co-metabolic by mixed microbial communities, and further the understanding on the function and applicability of aerobic-activated sludge.

Uptake and fate of phenol, aniline and quinoline in terrestrial plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cataldo, D.A.; Bean, R.M.; Fellows, R.J.

1987-06-01

The bioavailability and chemical fate of xenobiotics in terrestrial plants can influence the impact of fossil fuel development on the human food chain. To determine the relative behavior of organic residues representing a range of chemical classes, we compared the rates of root absorption, tissue distribution and chemical fate of phenol, aniline and quinoline in soybean plants. Root absorption rates for these compounds were 180, 13 and 30 μg/g (fresh weight) root/day, respectively. Following uptake, aniline was concentrated in the root, while phenol and quinoline were evenly distributed in roots and leaves. After accumulation, phenol was readily decomposed, and its carbon was respired. While aniline was susceptible to oxidative decomposition, it persisted in leaves and roots; 25% of the soluble activity represented aniline, and a significant fraction was bound or conjugated to cell constitutents. Quinoline persisted both in the parent form and as metabolic products. However, in leaves, additional compounds were found that were chemically similar to quinoline; these were not found in unexposed plants. A substantial fraction of the quinoline accumulated by leaves was emitted to the atmosphere by volatilization. 12 refs., 5 tabs., 2 figs

Free radical generation from an aniline derivative in HepG2 cells: a possible captodative effect.

Science.gov (United States)

Horinouchi, Yuya; Summers, Fiona A; Ehrenshaft, Marilyn; Mason, Ronald P

2015-01-01

Xenobiotic metabolism can induce the generation of protein radicals, which are believed to play an important role in the toxicity of chemicals and drugs. It is therefore important to identify chemical structures capable of inducing macromolecular free radical formation in living cells. In this study, we evaluated the ability of four structurally related environmental chemicals, aniline, nitrosobenzene, N,N-dimethylaniline, and N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (DMNA), to induce free radicals and cellular damage in the hepatoma cell line HepG2. Cytotoxicity was assessed using lactate dehydrogenase assays, and morphological changes were observed using phase contrast microscopy. Protein free radicals were detected by immuno-spin trapping using in-cell western experiments and confocal microscopy to determine the subcellular locale of free radical generation. DMNA induced free radical generation, lactate dehydrogenase release, and morphological changes in HepG2 cells, whereas aniline, nitrosobenzene, N,N-dimethylaniline did not. Confocal microscopy showed that DMNA induced free radical generation mainly in the cytosol. Preincubation of HepG2 cells with N-acetylcysteine and 2,2'-dipyridyl significantly prevented free radical generation on subsequent incubation with DMNA, whereas preincubation with apocynin and dimethyl sulfoxide had no effect. These results suggest that DMNA is metabolized to reactive free radicals capable of generating protein radicals which may play a critical role in DMNA toxicity. We propose that the captodative effect, the combined action of the electron-releasing dimethylamine substituent, and the electron-withdrawing nitroso substituent, leads to a thermodynamically stabilized radical, facilitating enhanced protein radical formation by DMNA. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Modular Flow Design for the meta‐Selective C−H Arylation of Anilines

Science.gov (United States)

Gemoets, Hannes P. L.; Laudadio, Gabriele; Verstraete, Kirsten; Hessel, Volker

2017-01-01

Abstract Described herein is an effective and practical modular flow design for the meta‐selective C−H arylation of anilines. The design consists of four continuous‐flow modules (i.e., diaryliodonium salt synthesis, meta‐selective C−H arylation, inline copper extraction, and aniline deprotection) which can be operated either individually or consecutively to provide direct access to meta‐arylated anilines. With a total residence time of 1 hour, the desired product could be obtained in high yield and excellent purity without the need for column chromatography, and the residual copper content meets the standards for parenterally administered pharmaceutical substances. PMID:28543979

Effect of substitution on aniline in inducing growth of anionic micelles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garg, Gunjan; Kulshreshtha, S.K.; Hassan, P.A.; Aswal, V.K.

2004-01-01

Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements were carried out on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles in the presence of three different hydrophobic salts, i.e. aniline hydrochloride, o-toluidine hydrochloride and m-toluidine hydrochloride. All these salts induce a uniaxial growth of micelles to form prolate ellipsoidal structures. A progressive decrease in the surface charge of the micelles was observed with the addition of salts followed by a rapid growth of the micelles. The presence of a methyl substitution at the ortho position of aniline does not alter the growth behavior significantly. However, when the substitution is at meta position micellar growth is favored at lower salt concentration than that is observed for aniline. This can be explained in terms of the difference in the chemical environments of the substituents at the ortho and meta positions. (author)

An Enzyme Switch Employing Direct Electrochemical Communication between Horseradish Peroxidase and a Poly(aniline) Film.

Science.gov (United States)

Bartlett, P N; Birkin, P R; Wang, J H; Palmisano, F; De Benedetto, G

1998-09-01

An enzyme switch, or microelectrochemical enzyme transistor, responsive to hydrogen peroxide was made by connecting two carbon band electrodes (∼10 μm wide, 4.5 mm long separated by a 20-μm gap) with an anodically grown film of poly(aniline). Horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) was either adsorbed onto the poly(aniline) film or immobilized in an insulating poly(1,2-diaminobenzene) polymer grown electrochemically on top of the poly(aniline) film to complete the device. In the completed device, the conductivity of the poly(aniline) film changes from conducting (between - 0.05 and + 0.3 V vs SCE at pH 5) to insulating (>+0.3 V vs SCE at pH 5) on addition of hydrogen peroxide. The change in conductivity is brought about by oxidation of the poly(aniline) film by direct electrochemical communication between the enzyme and the conducting polymer. This was confirmed by measuring the potential of the poly(aniline) film during switching of the conductivity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The devices can be reused by rereducing the poly(aniline) electrochemically to a potential below +0.3 V vs SCE. A blind test showed that the device can be used to determine unknown concentrations of H(2)O(2) in solution and that, when used with hydrogen peroxide concentrations below 0.5 mmol dm(-)(3), the same device maybe reused several times. The possible development of devices of this type for use in applications requiring the measurement of low levels of hydrogen peroxide or horseradish peroxidase is discussed.

An Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydro-3-substituted-2H-naphtho[2,1-e][1,3]oxazine Derivatives Catalyzed by Zirconyl(IV) Chloride and Evaluation of its Biological Activities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kategaonkar, Amol H.; Sonar, Swapnil S.; Pokalwar, Rajkumar U.; Shingate, Bapurao B.; Shingare, Murlidhar S. [Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Maharashtra (India); Kategaonkar, Atul H. [Maharashtra Institute of Pharmacy, Maharashtra (India)

2010-06-15

An efficient and novel one-pot synthesis of new 3,4-dihydro-3-substituted-2H-naphtho[2,1-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives from 1-naphthol, various anilines and formalin at room temperature grinding is presented. The six-membered N,O-heterocyclic skeleton was constructed via zirconyl(IV) chloride promoted Mannich type reaction. In vitro antimicrobial activities of synthesized compounds have been investigated against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, Gram negative Escherichia coli and two fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger in comparison with standard drugs. The results of preliminary bioassay indicate that some of title compounds possess significant antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Disorder of G2-M Checkpoint Control in Aniline-Induced Cell Proliferation in Rat Spleen.

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Jianling Wang

Full Text Available Aniline, a toxic aromatic amine, is known to cause hemopoietic toxicity both in humans and animals. Aniline exposure also leads to toxic response in spleen which is characterized by splenomegaly, hyperplasia, fibrosis and the eventual formation of tumors on chronic in vivo exposure. Previously, we have shown that aniline exposure leads to iron overload, oxidative DNA damage, and increased cell proliferation, which could eventually contribute to a tumorigenic response in the spleen. Despite our demonstration that cell proliferation was associated with deregulation of G1 phase cyclins and increased expression of G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs, molecular mechanisms, especially the regulation of G2 phase and contribution of epigenetic mechanisms in aniline-induced splenic cellular proliferation remain largely unclear. This study therefore, mainly focused on the regulation of G2 phase in an animal model preceding a tumorigenic response. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given aniline (0.5 mmol/kg/day in drinking water or drinking water only (controls for 30 days, and expression of G2 phase cyclins, CDK1, CDK inhibitors and miRNAs were measured in the spleen. Aniline treatment resulted in significant increases in cell cycle regulatory proteins, including cyclins A, B and CDK1, particularly phosphor-CDK1, and decreases in CDK inhibitors p21 and p27, which could promote the splenocytes to go through G2/M transition. Our data also showed upregulation of tumor markers Trx-1 and Ref-1 in rats treated with aniline. More importantly, we observed lower expression of miRNAs including Let-7a, miR-15b, miR24, miR-100 and miR-125, and greater expression of CDK inhibitor regulatory miRNAs such as miR-181a, miR-221 and miR-222 in the spleens of aniline-treated animals. Our findings suggest that significant increases in the expression of cyclins, CDK1 and aberrant regulation of miRNAs could lead to an accelerated G2/M transition of the splenocytes, and

Carbonization of aniline oligomers to electrically polarizable particles and their use in electrorheology

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Plachý, T.; Sedlačík, M.; Pavlínek, V.; Trchová, Miroslava; Morávková, Zuzana; Stejskal, Jaroslav

2014-01-01

Roč. 256, 15 November (2014), s. 398-406 ISSN 1385-8947 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP205/12/0911; GA ČR(CZ) GA13-08944S Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : aniline * aniline oligomers * carbonization Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry Impact factor: 4.321, year: 2014

Photocatalytic Degradation of Aniline Using TiO2 Nanoparticles in a Vertical Circulating Photocatalytic Reactor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Shahrezaei

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Photocatalytic degradation of aniline in the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2 and ultraviolet (UV illumination was performed in a vertical circulating photocatalytic reactor. The effects of catalyst concentration (0–80 mg/L, initial pH (2–12, temperature (293–323 K, and irradiation time (0–120 min on aniline photodegradation were investigated in order to obtain the optimum operational conditions. The results reveal that the aniline degradation efficiency can be effectively improved by increasing pH from 2 to 12 and temperature from 313 to 323 K. Besides, the effect of temperature on aniline photo degradation was found to be unremarkable in the range of 293–313 K. The optimum catalyst concentration was about 60 mg/L. The Langmuir Hinshelwood kinetic model could successfully elucidate the effects of the catalyst concentration, pH, and temperature on the rate of heterogeneous photooxidation of aniline. The data obtained by applying the Langmuir Hinshelwood treatment are consistent with the available kinetic parameters. The activated energy for the photocatalytic degradation of aniline is 20.337 kj/mol. The possibility of the reactor use in the treatment of a real petroleum refinery wastewater was also investigated. The results of the experiments indicated that it can therefore be potentially applied for the treatment of wastewater contaminated by different organic pollutants.

A novel solid-state electrochemiluminescence quenching sensor for detection of aniline based on luminescent composite nanofibers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Xiaoying; Yang, Yu; Gao, Huiwen

2014-01-01

A novel solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) quenching sensor based on the luminescent composite nanofibers for detection of aniline has been developed. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Ruthenium (II) tris-(bipyridine) (Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ) doped nylon 6 (PA6) luminescent composite nanofibers (Ru–AuNPs–PA6) were successfully deposited to the bare glassy carbon (GC) electrode by a one-step electrospinning technique. The Ru–AuNPs–PA6 nanofibers maintained the photoelectric properties of the Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ions completely and exhibited excellent ECL behaviors. A high quenching effect on the ECL signal of the Ru–AuNPs–PA6/C 2 O 4 2− system was obtained with the presence of low concentration aniline compounds. The potential of analytical application was explored by use of the inhibited ECL. The quenching efficiencies of the five kinds of aniline compounds were compared by monitoring the aniline-dependent ECL intensity change. The magnitude of quenching depended linearly upon the concentration of aniline in the investigated concentration range of 10–10 µM. The detection limit for aniline is 5.0 nM, which is comparable or better than that in the reported assays. The solid-state ECL quenching sensor exhibited high sensitivity and good stability. This study may provide new insight into the design of advanced electrospun nanofibers-based ECL sensors for detection and analysis of a variety of active molecules. - Highlights: • The Ru–AuNPs–PA6 nanofibers were first prepared by one-step electrospinning technique. • The Ru–AuNPs–PA6 nanofibers exhibited excellent ECL behaviors on GC electrodes. • It is the first solid-state ECL sensor based on nanofibers for aniline detection. • The quenching efficiencies of the five kinds of aniline compounds were compared. • The strategy could be extended to develop various nanofibers-based ECL sensors

A Modular Flow Design for the meta-Selective C-H Arylation of Anilines.

Science.gov (United States)

Gemoets, Hannes P L; Laudadio, Gabriele; Verstraete, Kirsten; Hessel, Volker; Noël, Timothy

2017-06-12

Described herein is an effective and practical modular flow design for the meta-selective C-H arylation of anilines. The design consists of four continuous-flow modules (i.e., diaryliodonium salt synthesis, meta-selective C-H arylation, inline copper extraction, and aniline deprotection) which can be operated either individually or consecutively to provide direct access to meta-arylated anilines. With a total residence time of 1 hour, the desired product could be obtained in high yield and excellent purity without the need for column chromatography, and the residual copper content meets the standards for parenterally administered pharmaceutical substances. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

Direct C-H alkylation and indole formation of anilines with diazo compounds under rhodium catalysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Mishra, Neeraj Kumar; Choi, Miji; Jo, Hyeim; Oh, Yongguk; Sharma, Satyasheel; Han, Sang Hoon; Jeong, Taejoo; Han, Sangil; Lee, Seok-Yong; Kim, In Su

2015-12-18

The rhodium(III)-catalyzed direct functionalization of aniline C-H bonds with α-diazo compounds is described. These transformations provide a facile construction of ortho-alkylated anilines with diazo malonates or highly substituted indoles with diazo acetoacetates.

A facile route to the synthesis of anilinic electroactive colloidal hydrogels for neural tissue engineering applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Zarrintaj, Payam; Urbanska, Aleksandra M; Gholizadeh, Saman Seyed; Goodarzi, Vahabodin; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Mozafari, Masoud

2018-04-15

An innovative drug-loaded colloidal hydrogel was synthesized for applications in neural interfaces in tissue engineering by reacting carboxyl capped aniline dimer and gelatin molecules. Dexamethasone was loaded into the gelatin-aniline dimer solution as a model drug to form an in situ drug-loaded colloidal hydrogel. The conductivity of the hydrogel samples fluctuated around 10 -5  S/cm which appeared suitable for cellular activities. Cyclic voltammetry was used for electroactivity determination, in which 2 redox states were observed, suggesting that the short chain length and steric hindrance prevented the gel from achieving a fully oxidized state. Rheological data depicted the modulus decreasing with aniline dimer increment due to limited hydrogen bonds accessibility. Though the swelling ratio of pristine gelatin (600%) decreased by the introduction and increasing the concentration of aniline dimer because of its hydrophobic nature, it took the value of 300% at worst, which still seems promising for drug delivery uses. Degradation rate of hydrogel was similarly decreased by adding aniline dimer. Drug release was evaluated in passive and stimulated patterns demonstrating tendency of aniline dimer to form a vesicle that controls the drug release behavior. The optimal cell viability, proper cell attachment and neurite extension was achieved in the case of hydrogel containing 10 wt% aniline dimer. Based on tissue/organ behavior, it was promisingly possible to adjust the characteristics of the hydrogels for an optimal drug release. The outcome of this simple and effective approach can potentially offer additional tunable characteristics for recording and stimulating purposes in neural interfaces. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Biosorption of aniline violet from aqueous solution on moringa oleifera saw dust (abstract)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Javed, T.; Mirza, M.L.

2011-01-01

Batch adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate the potential of Moringa Oleifera wood saw dust for the removal of aniline violet dye from aqueous solution by optimizing different parameters such as effect of shaking time, adsorbent dose, initial adsorbate concentration etc. The experimental data was subjected to different types of linearized isotherm models such as Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The Freundlich isotherm was fitted well with the data. The maximum adsorption capacity of 8.92 m mol./g of aniline violet has been observed through Freundlich isotherm by using the optimized parameters of 50 mg of adsorbent, 5 minutes of shaking time at room temperature of 25 deg. C. The sorption mean free energy from Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm is 13.36 kJ mol 1 indicating chemisorption. Pseudo-first and Pseudo-second order kinetics models were tested for the adsorption of 1.23 X 10/sup -5) mol L/sup -1) of aniline violet onto Moringa Oleifera wood saw dust. The experimental data fitted well for Pseudo-second order model with coefficient of correlation R/sup 2/ greater or equal to 0.999. The uptake of aniline violet was also studied with the rise in temperature. Thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated and the adsorption process seems to be endothermic. The results indicate that the Moringa Oleifera wood saw dust is an efficient adsorbent for aniline violet from aqueous solutions. (author)

Resolved multisite OH-attack on aqueous aniline studied by pulse radiolysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solar, S.; Solar, W.; Getoff, N.

1986-01-01

The individual formation and decay kinetics as well as the absorption characteristics of the simultaneously formed primary species by OH attack on aniline in aqueous solution (pH 8-9.6), saturated with N 2 O, have been determined by pulse radiolysis combined with a computer optimization procedure. Further the rate constant of e - sub(aq) with aniline was determined to (3.0+-0.1) x l0 7 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 . Qualitative analysis of final products were also performed. (author)

Reduction of graphene oxide by aniline with its concomitant oxidative polymerization.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Li Qun; Liu, Yi Liang; Neoh, Koon-Gee; Kang, En-Tang; Fu, Guo Dong

2011-04-19

Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets are readily reduced by aniline above room temperature in an aqueous acid medium, with the aniline simultaneously undergoing oxidative polymerization to produce the reduced graphene oxide-polyaniline nanofiber (RGO-PANi) composites. The resulting RGO-PANi composites and RGO (after dissolution of PANi) were characterized by XPS, XRD analysis, TGA, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and TEM. It was also found that the RGO-PANi composites exhibit good specific capacitance during galvanostatic charging-discharging when used as capacitor electrodes. Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Modification of aniline containing proteins using an oxidative coupling strategy.

Science.gov (United States)

Hooker, Jacob M; Esser-Kahn, Aaron P; Francis, Matthew B

2006-12-13

A new bioconjugation reaction has been developed based on the chemoselective modification of anilines through an oxidative coupling pathway. Aryl amines were installed on the surface of protein substrates through lysine acylation reactions or through the use of native chemical ligation techniques. Upon exposure to NaIO4 in aqueous buffer, the anilines coupled rapidly to the aromatic rings of N,N-dialkyl-N'-acyl-p-phenylenediamines. The identities of the reaction products were confirmed using ESI-MS and through comparison to small molecule analogs. Control experiments indicated that none of the native amino acids participated in the reaction. The resulting bioconjugates were found to be stable toward hydrolysis from pH 4 to pH 11 and in the presence of many commonly used oxidants, reductants, and nucleophiles. A fluorescent phenylenediamine reagent was synthesized for the selective detection of aniline labeled proteins in mixtures, and the reaction was used to append the C-terminus of the green fluorescent protein with a single PEG chain. When combined with techniques for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins, this bioorthogonal coupling method should prove useful for a number of applications requiring a high degree of labeling specificity.

[Influence of pH on Kinetics of Anilines Oxidation by Permanganate].

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Hui; Sun, Bo; Guan, Xiao-hong

2016-02-15

To investigate the effect of pH on the oxidation of anilines by potassium permanganate, aniline and p-Chloroaniline were taken as the target contaminants, and the experiments were conducted under the condition with potassium permanganate in excess over a wide pH range. The reaction displayed remarkable autocatalysis, which was presumably ascribed to the formation of complexes by the in situ generated MnOx and the target contaminants on its surface, and thereby improved the oxidation rate of the target contaminants by permanganate. The reaction kinetics was fitted with the pseudo-first-order kinetics at different pH to obtain the pseudo-first-order reaction constants (k(obs)). The second-order rate constants calculated from permanganate concentration and k,b, increased with the increase of pH and reached the maximum near their respective pKa, after which they decreased gradually. This tendency is called parabola-like shaped pH-rate profile. The second-order rate constants between permanganate and anilines were well fitted by the proton transfer model proposed by us in previous work.

C-N bond cleavage of anilines by a (salen)ruthenium(VI) nitrido complex.

Science.gov (United States)

Man, Wai-Lun; Xie, Jianhui; Pan, Yi; Lam, William W Y; Kwong, Hoi-Ki; Ip, Kwok-Wa; Yiu, Shek-Man; Lau, Kai-Chung; Lau, Tai-Chu

2013-04-17

We report experimental and computational studies of the facile oxidative C-N bond cleavage of anilines by a (salen)ruthenium(VI) nitrido complex. We provide evidence that the initial step involves nucleophilic attack of aniline at the nitrido ligand of the ruthenium complex, which is followed by proton and electron transfer to afford a (salen)ruthenium(II) diazonium intermediate. This intermediate then undergoes unimolecular decomposition to generate benzene and N2.

Chemical polymerization of aniline in phenylphosphinic acid

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

NICOLETA PLESU

2005-10-01

Full Text Available The chemical polymerization of aniline was performed in phenylphosphinic acid (APP medium using ammonium peroxidisulfate as the oxidizing agent, at 0 ºC and 25 ºC. The yield of polyaniline (PANI was about 60–69 %. The polymerization process required an induction time 8–10 times greater than in other acids (hydrochloric, sulfuric. The average density of the obtained polymer was 1.395 g cm-3 for PANI-salt and 1.203 g cm-3 for PANI-base. The acid capacity of PANI depends on the synthesis parameters and the maximum value was 15.02 meq/g polymer. The inherent viscosity of PANI was 0.662 dl/g at aniline/oxidant molar ratios >2 and 0 ºC. The oxidation state was a function of the synthesis parameters and lay between 0.553–0.625, as determined from UV-VIS and titration with TiCl3 data. The PANI samples were characterized by measurements of their density, inherent viscosity, conductivity, acid capacity, FTIR and UV-VIS spectrum, and thermogravimetric data.

Evaluation on joint toxicity of chlorinated anilines and cadmium to Photobacterium phosphoreum and QSAR analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jin, Hao, E-mail: realking163@163.com [School of Life and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210013 (China); Wang, Chao; Shi, Jiaqi [State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023 (China); Chen, Lei [School of Life and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210013 (China)

2014-08-30

Highlights: • Cd has different effects on joint toxicity when in different concentrations. • The toxicity of most binary mixtures decreases when Cd concentration rises. • Different QSAR models are developed to predict the joint toxicity. • Descriptors in QSARs can help to elucidate the joint toxicity mechanism. • Van der Waals’ force or complexation may reduce the toxicity of mixtures. - Abstract: The individual IC{sub 50} (the concentrations causing a 50% inhibition of bioluminescence after 15 min exposure) of cadmium ion (Cd) and nine chlorinated anilines to Photobacterium phosphoreum (P. phosphoreum) were determined. In order to evaluate the combined effects of the nine chlorinated anilines and Cd, the toxicities of chlorinated anilines combined with different concentrations of Cd were determined, respectively. The results showed that the number of chlorinated anilines manifesting synergy with Cd decreased with the increasing Cd concentration, and the number manifesting antagonism decreased firstly and then increased. The joint toxicity of mixtures at low Cd concentration was weaker than that of most binary mixtures when combined with Cd at medium and high concentrations as indicated by TU{sub Total}. QSAR analysis showed that the single toxicity of chlorinated anilines was related to the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (E{sub LUMO}). When combined with different concentrations of Cd, the toxicity was related to the energy difference (E{sub HOMO} − E{sub LUMO}) with different coefficients. Van der Waals’ force or the complexation between chlorinated anilines and Cd had an impact on the toxicity of combined systems, which could account for QSAR models with different physico-chemical descriptors.

Stepwise Nucleation of Aniline: Emergence of Spectroscopic Fingerprints of the Liquid Phase.

Science.gov (United States)

Leon, Iker; Usabiaga, Imanol; Arnaiz, Pedro Felipe; Lesarri, Alberto; Fernández, Jose Andres

2018-06-11

We deal here with the controlled nucleation of aniline from the isolated molecule until formation of a moderately large aggregate: aniline nonamer. The structure of the cluster at each step of the nucleation was unravelled combining mass-resolved IR spectroscopy and computational chemistry, demonstrating that aggregation is primarily guided by formation of extensive N-H···N hydrogen bond networks that give the aggregates a sort of branched backbone, in clear competition with multiple N-H/C-H···pi and pi···pi interactions. The result is the co-existence of close nucleation paths connecting relational aggregates. The delicate balance of molecular forces makes the aniline clusters a challenge for molecular orbital calculations and an ideal system to refine the present nucleation models. Noticeably, spectroscopic signatures characteristic of the condensed phase are apparent in the nanometer-size aggregates formed in this work. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Synthesis of a cardanol-amine derivative using an ionic liquid catalyst

Science.gov (United States)

Cardanol is a biobased raw material derived from cashew nut shell liquid. In order to extend its utility, new derivatives and additional applications are useful. In this work cardanol was first epoxidized, and a novel aniline derivative prepared from it under mild reaction conditions with the help o...

Study of the rearrangement of N-alkylanilines to P-aminoalkylbencene. III. N-n-propil-l-14C aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molera, J. M.; Gamboa, J. M.; Val del Cob, M.; Ortin, N.

1964-01-01

The rearrangement of N-n-propyl aniline to p-amino propylbenzene has been studied at 250 degree centigrade using several catalysts: CoCl 2 , ZnCl 2 and HBr. N-propyl-1-14 C -aniline has been synthesized from sodium propionate-1-14 C through conversion to n-propyl-1-14 C -iodide and further reaction with aniline. After the rearrangement and among the reaction products both p-aminopropylbenzene and p-aminoisopropylbencene were found. To determine the 14 C position in both the starting aniline and reaction products two degradation schemes are followed. In the light of experimental evidence a mechanism is set forth based on the assumption of an organic cation as intermediate. (Author) 13 refs

Silicene catalyzed reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline: A mechanistic study

Science.gov (United States)

Morrissey, Christopher; He, Haiying

2018-03-01

The reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline has broad applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The high reaction temperatures and pressures and unavoidable hazardous chemicals of current metal catalysts call for more environmentally friendly non-metal catalysts. In this study, the plausibility of silicene as a potential catalyst for nitrobenzene reduction is investigated with a focus on the distinct reaction mechanism based on the density functional theory. The direct reaction pathway was shown to be distinctly different from the Haber mechanism following PhNO2∗ → PhNO∗ → PhNHO∗ → PhNH2O∗ → PhNH2∗. The hydroxyl groups remain bound to silicene after aniline is formed and acquire a high activation barrier to remove.

Poly(ortho-phenylenediamine-co-aniline) based copolymer with improved capacitance

Science.gov (United States)

Olmedo-Martínez, Jorge L.; Farías-Mancilla, Bárbara I.; Vega-Rios, Alejandro; Zaragoza-Contreras, E. Armando

2017-10-01

A poly(ortho-phenylenediamine-co-aniline) copolymer is synthesized via the oxidative route, using a 1:1 M ratio of aniline to ortho-phenylenediamine (oPDA) and ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent. Infrared spectroscopy indicates that the copolymer contains the functional groups typically present in polyaniline and poly(ortho-phenylenediamine); whereas UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy shows that the copolymer adopts a phenazine-type structure. Cyclic voltammetry evidences the copolymer synthesis, as a redox peak at -65 mV, different from those exhibited by polyaniline (160 mV and 600 mV) or poly(o-phenylenediamine) (-240 mV) is observed. Finally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the charge/discharge test provide support to propose the copolymer application in electrodes for supercapacitors.

Detection of aniline oligomers on polyaniline-gold interface using resonance Raman scattering.

Science.gov (United States)

Trchová, Miroslava; Morávková, Zuzana; Dybal, Jiří; Stejskal, Jaroslav

2014-01-22

In situ deposited conducting polyaniline films prepared by the oxidation of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous media of various acidities on gold and silicon supports were characterized by Raman spectroscopy. Enhanced Raman bands were found in the spectra of polyaniline films produced in the solutions of weak acids or in water on gold surface. These bands were weak for the films prepared in solutions of a strong acid on a gold support. The same bands are present in the Raman spectra of the reaction intermediates deposited during aniline oxidation in water or aqueous solutions of weak or strong acids on silicon removed from the reaction mixture at the beginning of the reaction. Such films are formed by aniline oligomers adsorbed on the surface. They were detected on the polyaniline-gold interface using resonance Raman scattering on the final films deposited on gold. The surface resonance Raman spectroscopy of the monolayer of oligomers found in the bulk polyaniline film makes this method advantageous in surface science, with many applications in electrochemistry, catalysis, and biophysical, polymer, or analytical chemistry.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Some New Phenothiazine Derivatives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pawan Kumar Swarnkar

2007-01-01

Full Text Available A series of some new phenothiazine derivatives were synthesized with the objective for evaluation as antimicrobials. The title compounds were prepared by a five step synthesis scheme. 2-Amino-6-substituted benzothiazoles (1 on diazotization afford 6-substituted benzothiazolyl-2-diazonium chlorides (2. Reaction of 2 with cold solution of β-naphthol in dilute NaOH furnishes α-(2-diazo-6-substituted benzothiazolyl- β-sodionaphthoxides (3 which on acidification with concentrated HCl gives α-(2-diazo-6-substituted benzothiazolyl-β-naphthols (4. Reaction of 4 with p-substituted anilines gives α-(2-diazo-6-substituted benzothiazolyl-β-(p-substituted anilino naphthalenes (5. This synthesis besides by using conventional methods was also attempted using microwave. Fusion of 5 with sulphur in presence of iodine results in α-(2-diazo-6-substituted benzothiazolyl-6- substituted [2, 3-b] benzophenothiazines(6. The structures of all these compounds have been supported by elemental analysis and their spectral studies. All synthesized compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity using standard drugs.

Charge transport and dielectric relaxation processes in anilin-based oligomers

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Mrlík, M.; Moučka, R.; Ilčíková, M.; Bober, Patrycja; Kazantseva, N.; Špitálský, Z.; Trchová, Miroslava; Stejskal, Jaroslav

2014-01-01

Roč. 192, June (2014), s. 37-42 ISSN 0379-6779 Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : aniline-based oligomers * conductivity * dielectric properties Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry Impact factor: 2.252, year: 2014

Study of the rearrangement of N-alkylaniline to p-aminoalkylbencene. I. N-ethyl-l-14C-aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molera, M. J.; Gamboa, J. M.; Val Cob, M. del

1961-01-01

The rearrangement of N-ethylaniline to p-aminoethylbenzene has been studied over the temperature range 200-300 degree centigrade using different catalysts: Cl 2 Co, Cl 2 Zn, Cl 2 Ni, Cl 3 Al, Cl 2 Cd and Br H.N-ethyl-1- 1 4C-aniline has been synthesized from ethyl-1- 1 4C-iodide and aniline and its rearrangement to p-aminoethyl-benzene proves that the ethyl group does not rearrange itself during the reaction. A scheme for the degradation of both the N-ethyl-1- 1 4C aniline and the p-aminoethylbenzene produces is described. (Author) 14 refs

Effect of gamma irradiation on nano polymer poly aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chan Yan Yhee

2012-01-01

Poly aniline (PANI) is a conductor polymer that investigated by a lot of researchers which display unique electric characteristic and widely applications. The objective in this research is to see the effect of gamma irradiation on PANI by using microemulsion method. Cation surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, (CTAB) use in microemulsion method for dissolve aniline with distilled water. Mixture of aniline, ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidizing agent and hydrochloric acid (HCL) into aqueous CTAB and magnetic bar stirrer applied at temperature of 3 degree Celsius for 3 hours to form PANI. The washing is done by using distilled water and ethanol to purify PANI. After washing the PANI are categories in two group, PANI aqueous solution and PANI powder. PANI aqueous solution irradiated with gamma irradiation from 0 kGy to 100 kGy doses in 10 kGy intervals while PANI powder are dried in oven before irradiated with gamma irradiation with same doses as PANI aqueous solution. These aqueous solution products are characterized by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis) which shows the electron transition π - π * and Microscope Electron Transmission (TEM) for morforlogy of PANI nanoparticles while PANI powder are characterized using Spectroscopy Fourier Transformation Intra-Red (FTIR) for the functional group, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the crystalline peak and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) for morphology PANI nanoparticles. The effect of gamma irradiation nanoparticles are PANI aqueous solution produce aggregation and changing of PANI nanoparticles sizes while PANI powder produce fractures and distortion on PANI nanoparticles. (author)

Treatment of wastewaters containing anilines using enzymes: an overview

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mantha, R.; Biswas, N.; Taylor, K.E.; Bewtra, J.K.

2002-01-01

Aromatic amines are manufactured in a large scale for use in industries dealing with resins, dyes, plastics and rubber, pesticides and explosives. The majority of the production-related waste is either incinerated or released into the environment. The majority of them are highly toxic, carcinogenic or mutagenic and impose serious health hazards to mankind. Available conventional physical-chemical processes including activated carbon adsorption processes, solvent extraction processes, microbial degradation and various chemical-oxidation processes developed over the years are not selective in terms of the range of the aromatic pollutant removed during treatment. Thus, such treatment strategies are more economically suitable for treatment of dilute wastewaters and are invariably used as polishing steps. Enzymes such as peroxidases, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, and laccases, in the presence of oxygen, catalyze the oxidation of a wide variety of phenols, biphenyls, anilines, benzidines and other related aromatic compounds. Various peroxidases and laccases have been used to treat wastewaters. With respect to anilines, the potential, scope and cost of enzymatic treatment is reviewed here and compared with conventional technology, e.g., the cost of enzymatic treatment using a crude enzyme preparation of soybean peroxidase was reported to be about $0.36/m 3 for synthetic wastewater containing 1 mM of aniline, compared to an activated sludge process of $1.05/m 3 and $1.31/m 3 for activated carbon process, while for p-toluidine, it was about $0.17/m 3 . Thus, through choice of enzyme and its mode of operation, treatment costs less than the conventional treatment strategies can be achieved. (author)

p-Nitrophenol, phenol and aniline sorption by organo-clays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ko, C.H.; Fan Chihhao; Chiang, P.N.; Wang, M.K.; Lin, K.C.

2007-01-01

The aims of this study were to make use of organo-clays (i.e., Cloisite-10A, Cloisite-15A, Cloisite-30B and Cloisite-93A), to remove p-nitrophenol, phenol and aniline of organic pollutants. The organo-clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Sorption isotherm, kinetic and pH effect of p-nitrophenol, phenol and aniline sorbed by four organo-clays were evaluated. The d-spacings (0 0 1) of the XRD peak of Cloisite-10A, Cloisite-15A, Cloisite-30B and Cloisite-93A are 1.98, 2.76, 1.93 and 2.64 nm, respectively. The d(0 0 1)-spacings of XRD indicated that these p-nitropheno, phenol and aniline could penetrate into the interlayer of clays and expand the d(0 0 1)-spacings. The linear sorption isotherm of constant partition was employed to describe the sorption isotherms of phenols sorbed by organo-clays through hydrophobic-hydrophobic chemical reactions. The parabolic diffusion and power-function of kinetic models were employed to describe properly the kinetic experiments. The rate limiting step of the p-nitrophenol sorption reactions on organo-clays were diffusion-controlled processes (i.e., 15A, 30B, 93A) and chemical-controlled process for 10A organo-clays. The pre-exponential factor of the p-nitrophenol sorbed by four organo-clays showed the trend as follows: 10A > 30B > 93A > 15A. The efficiency of these organo-clays in removing phenol compounds in water treatments merit further study

Reductive Umpolung of Carbonyl Derivatives with Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis: Direct Access to Vicinal Diamines and Amino Alcohols via α-Amino Radicals and Ketyl Radicals

KAUST Repository

Fava, Eleonora; Millet, Anthony; Nakajima, Masaki; Loescher, Sebastian; Rueping, Magnus

2016-01-01

Visible-light-mediated photoredox-catalyzed aldimine-aniline and aldehyde-aniline couplings have been realized. The reductive single electron transfer (SET) umpolung of various carbonyl derivatives enabled the generation of intermediary ketyl and α-amino radical anions, which were utilized for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted 1,2-diamines and amino alcohols. Anilines can be coupled with aldimines or aldehydes in a visible-light-mediated photoredox-catalyzed process. Reductive single electron transfer (SET) umpolung of the carbonyl derivatives leads to the generation of intermediary ketyl and α-amino radical anions, which were used for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted 1,2-diamines and amino alcohols.

Reductive Umpolung of Carbonyl Derivatives with Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis: Direct Access to Vicinal Diamines and Amino Alcohols via α-Amino Radicals and Ketyl Radicals

KAUST Repository

Fava, Eleonora

2016-05-02

Visible-light-mediated photoredox-catalyzed aldimine-aniline and aldehyde-aniline couplings have been realized. The reductive single electron transfer (SET) umpolung of various carbonyl derivatives enabled the generation of intermediary ketyl and α-amino radical anions, which were utilized for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted 1,2-diamines and amino alcohols. Anilines can be coupled with aldimines or aldehydes in a visible-light-mediated photoredox-catalyzed process. Reductive single electron transfer (SET) umpolung of the carbonyl derivatives leads to the generation of intermediary ketyl and α-amino radical anions, which were used for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted 1,2-diamines and amino alcohols.

Aquatic fate of synfuel residuals: bioaccumulation of aniline and phenol by the freshwater phytoplankter Scenedesmus quadricauda

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hardy, J.T.; Dauble, D.D.; Felice, L.J.

1985-01-01

Coal liquefaction compounds could, through accidental release, enter aquatic environments. Experiments were conducted to determine the kinetics, degree of bioconcentration and stability of two of these compounds at the first level of aquatic food web. The authors exposed the freshwater phytoplankter Scenedesmus quadricauda to sublethal concentrations of 14 C-labeled phenol and aniline. Both accumulation and elimination occurred within a few hours and followed hyperbolic kinetics. Results indicate that substantial quantities of accumulated compounds remain as the parent compound (22% for phenol and 52% for aniline) for up to 24 h and could be available to animals higher in the food web. Bioconcentration factors were 3.5 for phenol and 91 for aniline. 24 references, 2 figures, 1 table

Proteogenomic Characterization of Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation Pathways in the Aniline-Degrading Bacterium Burkholderia sp. K24.

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Sang-Yeop Lee

Full Text Available Burkholderia sp. K24, formerly known as Acinetobacter lwoffii K24, is a soil bacterium capable of utilizing aniline as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. Genomic sequence analysis revealed that this bacterium possesses putative gene clusters for biodegradation of various monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs, including benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX, as well as aniline. We verified the proposed MAH biodegradation pathways by dioxygenase activity assays, RT-PCR, and LC/MS-based quantitative proteomic analyses. This proteogenomic approach revealed four independent degradation pathways, all converging into the citric acid cycle. Aniline and p-hydroxybenzoate degradation pathways converged into the β-ketoadipate pathway. Benzoate and toluene were degraded through the benzoyl-CoA degradation pathway. The xylene isomers, i.e., o-, m-, and p-xylene, were degraded via the extradiol cleavage pathways. Salicylate was degraded through the gentisate degradation pathway. Our results show that Burkholderia sp. K24 possesses versatile biodegradation pathways, which may be employed for efficient bioremediation of aniline and BTX.

Proteogenomic Characterization of Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation Pathways in the Aniline-Degrading Bacterium Burkholderia sp. K24

Science.gov (United States)

Yun, Sung Ho; Choi, Chi-Won; Yi, Yoon-Sun; Kim, Jonghyun; Chung, Young-Ho; Park, Edmond Changkyun; Kim, Seung Il

2016-01-01

Burkholderia sp. K24, formerly known as Acinetobacter lwoffii K24, is a soil bacterium capable of utilizing aniline as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. Genomic sequence analysis revealed that this bacterium possesses putative gene clusters for biodegradation of various monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs), including benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX), as well as aniline. We verified the proposed MAH biodegradation pathways by dioxygenase activity assays, RT-PCR, and LC/MS-based quantitative proteomic analyses. This proteogenomic approach revealed four independent degradation pathways, all converging into the citric acid cycle. Aniline and p-hydroxybenzoate degradation pathways converged into the β-ketoadipate pathway. Benzoate and toluene were degraded through the benzoyl-CoA degradation pathway. The xylene isomers, i.e., o-, m-, and p-xylene, were degraded via the extradiol cleavage pathways. Salicylate was degraded through the gentisate degradation pathway. Our results show that Burkholderia sp. K24 possesses versatile biodegradation pathways, which may be employed for efficient bioremediation of aniline and BTX. PMID:27124467

Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of imidazolinone and benzoxazole derivatives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heba A. El-Hady

2017-05-01

Full Text Available A series of imidazolinone and benzoxazole derivatives (3 and 5 have been synthesized by the condensation of oxazolinone derivatives (2a–c with aniline and 2-hydroxyaniline. Acetyl derivatives (4, 6 and 7 were prepared via acetylation of compounds 3 and 5 with acetic anhydride and chloroacetyl chloride. The results revealed that imidazolinone and benzoxazole derivatives are potent against the cancer cell lines MCF-7 and HePG2. In particular, benzoxazole derivatives are more potent than imidazolinone derivatives.

Isotope exchange study of nickel xanthate in presence of aniline and isomeric toluidines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naidu, G.R.K.; Naidu, P.R.

1982-01-01

Isotopic exchange behaviour of nickel xanthate is studied in the presence of aniline and three isomeric toluidines at 18degC. The effect of base concentration is also studied on the exchange rate. The results show that the complex is labile in the kinetic sense in the presence of aniline meta and para toluidines. The rate of exchange increases with and para toluidines. The rate of exchange increases with increase in concentration of the base. The complex displays inert behaviour in the presence of o-toluidine and it is ascribed to dominant steric effect. (author)

Study of RBC Efficiency in Aniline Removal by Increasing Contactor Specific Surface

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Seyed Hossein Mousavi Aliani

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Aniline is a first type amino aromatic compound and has various applications in different pharmaceutical, synthetic dye, plastic, and petrochemical industries. It is poisonous and its discharge into the environment causes serious hazards that warrant it removal by an efficient treatment process.  In this study, the efficiency of rotating biological contactors in aniline removal was investigated using four 3-liter parallel systems (in two series. Two reactors in the first series had 27 disks. The second series had 14 discs with packings in each reactor with the same specific surfaces as compared to the first system.Aniline concentrations from 100 to 1200 mg/L and hydraulic loading rates from 1.57 to 6.28 L/m2.d were used throughout the study period in two treatments. The effect of disc rotation speed on system efficiency was also investigated. The results indicated that COD removal efficiency decreased with increasing hydraulic loading rate but increased with increasing disc speed from 5 to 15 rpm. The best removal efficiencies of 88 and 86 percent for RBCI and RBCII, respectively, were obtained for an aniline concentration of 400 mg/L, a hydraulic loading rate of 1.57 L/m2.d, and a disc speed of 15 rpm. Based on the results, although both systems yield almost equal efficiencies, the start-up period was shorter in RBCII with a clearer effluent due to the lower quantity of suspended microorganisms in the reactor than that in RBCI. Use of packing may decrease energy consumption for disc rotation due to the overall weight reduction of the system.

Effect of template in MCM-41 on the adsorption of aniline from aqueous solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Xinxin; Guan, Qingxin; Li, Wei

2011-11-01

The effect of the surfactant template cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in MCM-41 on the adsorption of aniline was investigated. Various MCM-41 samples were prepared by controlling template removal using an extraction method. The samples were then used as adsorbents for the removal of aniline from aqueous solution. The results showed that the MCM-41 samples with the template partially removed (denoted as C-MCM-41) exhibited better adsorption performance than MCM-41 with the template completely removed (denoted as MCM-41). The reason for this difference may be that the C-MCM-41 samples had stronger hydrophobic properties and selectivity for aniline because of the presence of the template. The porosity and cationic sites generated by the template play an important role in the adsorption process. The optimal adsorbent with moderate template was achieved by changing the ratio of extractant; it has the potential for promising applications in the field of water pollution control. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

N-Acetyl-4-aminophenol (paracetamol), N-acetyl-2-aminophenol and acetanilide in urine samples from the general population, individuals exposed to aniline and paracetamol users.

Science.gov (United States)

Dierkes, Georg; Weiss, Tobias; Modick, Hendrik; Käfferlein, Heiko Udo; Brüning, Thomas; Koch, Holger M

2014-01-01

Epidemiological studies suggest associations between the use of N-acetyl-4-aminophenol (paracetamol) during pregnancy and increased risks of reproductive disorders in the male offspring. Previously we have reported a ubiquitous urinary excretion of N-acetyl-4-aminophenol in the general population. Possible sources are (1) direct intake of paracetamol through medication, (2) paracetamol residues in the food chain and (3) environmental exposure to aniline or related substances that are metabolized into N-acetyl-4-aminophenol. In order to elucidate the origins of the excretion of N-acetyl-4-aminophenol in urine and to contribute to the understanding of paracetamol and aniline metabolism in humans we developed a rapid, turbulent-flow HPLC-MS/MS method with isotope dilution for the simultaneous quantification of N-acetyl-4-aminophenol and two other aniline related metabolites, N-acetyl-2-aminophenol and acetanilide. We applied this method to three sets of urine samples: (1) individuals with no known exposure to aniline and also no recent paracetamol medication; (2) individuals after occupational exposure to aniline but no paracetamol medication and (3) paracetamol users. We confirmed the omnipresent excretion of N-acetyl-4-aminophenol. Additionally we revealed an omnipresent excretion of N-acetyl-2-aminophenol. In contrast, acetanilide was only found after occupational exposure to aniline, not in the general population or after paracetamol use. The results lead to four preliminary conclusions: (1) other sources than aniline seem to be responsible for the major part of urinary N-acetyl-4-aminophenol in the general population; (2) acetanilide is a metabolite of aniline in man and a valuable biomarker for aniline in occupational settings; (3) aniline baseline levels in the general population measured after chemical hydrolysis do not seem to originate from acetanilide and hence not from a direct exposure to aniline itself and (4) N-acetyl-2-aminophenol does not seem to be

Dispersion of Pt Nanoparticle-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Aniline as a Stabilizer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyoung-Joon Jin

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In this study, a simple one-step method was developed to load small-sized Pt nanoparticles (3.1 ± 0.3 nm in large quantities (50 wt % on aniline-functionalized and reduced graphene oxide (r-fGO. In the process, an ethylene glycol solution and aniline-functionalized moiety play the roles of reducing agent and stabilizer for the Pt nanoparticles, respectively, without damaging the graphite structures of the r-fGO. The Pt nanoparticles loading on the surface of r-fGO with uniform dispersion have a great effect on the electrical conductivity.

The influence of the matrix structure on the oxidation of aniline in a silica sol-gel composite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Widera, J.; Kijak, A.M.; Ca, D.V.; Pacey, G.E.; Taylor, R.T.; Perfect, H.; Cox, J.A.

2005-01-01

Mesoporous and microporous silica matrices were formed on indium tin oxide electrodes for liquid-phase voltammetry and as monoliths for solid-state voltammetry of aniline. The pore structure, which was verified by scanning probe microscopy and by surface area measurement, was directed by either control of pH during sol-gel processing or by inclusion of a templating agent. Whether aniline was included as a dopant in the sol-gel or as a component of the contacting liquid, the pore size influenced the coupling of the product of its electrochemical oxidation. With microporous silica, the dominant products were dimers and related short-chain products whereas with mesoporous silica, polymerization was suggested. As a step toward the formation of polyaniline (PANI) that is covalently anchored to the sol-gel, the electrochemistry of aniline was investigated using composites prepared from sols comprising tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-aminophenyl-[3-triethoxylsilyl)-propyl] urea (ormosil), and aniline in various ratios. Combinatorial chemistry identified that the optimum combination of silica precursors in terms of obtaining PANI was a 1:12 mole ratio of ormosil:TEOS

Selective Oxidative Carbonylation of Aniline to Diphenylurea with Ionic Liquids

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zahrtmann, Nanette; Claver, Carmen; Godard, Cyril

2018-01-01

A catalytic system for the selective oxidative carbonylation of aniline to diphenylurea based on Pd complexes in combination with imidazolium ionic liquids is presented. Both oxidants, Pd complexes and ionic liquids affect the activity of the reaction while the choice of oxidant determines...

Influence of both ion bombardment and chemical treatment processes on the electrical conductivity of PVC/poly aniline composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gad, E.A.M.; Ashour, A.H.; Abdel-Hamid, H.M.; Sayed, W.M.

1999-01-01

In this article the changes in the electrical conductivity of PVC/poly aniline composites, as temperature consecutively increases, have been measured. The measurement were taken with correspondence to a control series of the composites under two processes:A. Composite samples bombarded with Ar + ions with fluence 2.44 x 10 13 beam ions /cm 2 ., sec 4 of 4 ke V beam energy where argon atoms can induce defects in the surface layer take place. Composite samples treated chemically with concentrated H 2 SO 4 as dopant which reacts with nitrogen atom in aniline. The measurements were also, done with the composites as the ratio of poly(aniline) stepped upward

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 150 of 985 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 17 (2010), Alternating Direction Implicit Finite Difference Time Domain Acoustic Wave Algorithm, Abstract. E Ikata .... Vol 17 (2010), Analytic derivation of the wave profile and phase speed of sixth order Stokes waves in deep water, Abstract.

Poly(aniline-co-m-aminobenzoic acid) deposited on poly(vinyl ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Abstract. In this work, we have deposited poly(aniline-co-m-aminobenzoic acid) on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by in situ ... along the polyaniline (PANI) chain results in self dop- ing of PANI and ..... The value of electrical conductivity is found to be ...

Benzimidazoles and benzoxazoles via the nucleophilic addition of anilines to nitroalkanes.

Science.gov (United States)

Aksenov, Alexander V; Smirnov, Alexander N; Aksenov, Nicolai A; Bijieva, Asiyat S; Aksenova, Inna V; Rubin, Michael

2015-04-14

PPA-induced umpolung triggers efficient nucleophilic addition of unactivated anilines to nitroalkanes to produce N-hydroxyimidamides. The latter undergo sequential acid-promoted cyclocondensation with ortho-OH or ortho-NHR moieties to afford benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles, respectively.

Determination of Aniline Degraded From Sudan I in Cloths

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei, C.K.; Fung, L.C.; Men, C.K.

2013-01-01

A method development for the determination of an aromatic amine degraded from an azo dye in cloths was carried out. Sodium dithionite was used to cleave the azo bond of Sudan I into its aromatic amines, and the amines, mainly aniline were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. The efficiency of the reduction process of Sudan I, based on the degree of decolorisation of dye, was measured using the spectrophotometer. The optimized values of the reduction process was found effective when 1:1 ratio of 0.30 % sodium dithionite to Sudan I (dit/ Sud) was used at pH 8. The recovery percentage and relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of this method was found to be 62.9 - 88.4 % and 7.6 - 21.5 %, respectively. The proposed method was tested on self-dyed cloth samples with Sudan I. Aniline released from the reduction of Sudan I was detected in the self-dyed cloth samples. The results of this study demonstrate the applicability of sodium dithionite for the reduction of the azo dye in the cloth samples. (author)

Kinetic investigation of the oxidation of N-alkyl anilines by ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Chemical Sciences; Volume 112; Issue 6. Kinetic investigation of the oxidation of N-alkyl anilines by peroxomonophosphoric acid in anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulphate. G P Panigrahi Jagannath Panda. Physical and Theoretical Volume 112 Issue 6 December 2000 pp 615-622 ...

Evaluation Study Of Inhibition And Regeneration Characters For Substituted Anilines Extracted From Crude Oil

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Dr. Mohammad Jamil Abd-Alghani

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Aniline derivatives containing carbonyl group in the side chain was extracted from crude oil received from Al- Dora refinery. The crude oil was dissolved in xylene 13 and extracted through a column containing activated cationic resin type Amberlyte 15 then eluted by absolute ethanol and identified by infra red spectroscopy then examined as antioxidant for lubricant oil stock 50. FT-IR spectroscopy for the lubricant oil was performed before employing in an internal combustion engine and 190 hrs after. It was seen that the FT-IR of the oxidized oil contains a new peak in the region 1700 1800 cm1 which is formed due to the oxidation of base oil which belongs to carbonyl group. The FT-IR specter for the formulated crude oil with a specific concentration of the extracted substituted aniline after applying the same conditions of oxidation 190 working hrs. in an internal combustion engine showed a minimum peak intensity at 1710 1770 cm-1 than that observed in FT-IR done in absence of extracted antioxidant. The values of induction periods in presence of 0.20 and 0.30 moll of the extracted sample in the lubricant oil at 393 K were 766 sec. 1630 sec. while in their absence was 55 sec.. The values of maximum rates of oxidation were 3.0x10-4 and 2.0x10-4 moll. sec. These values were still not arrived the value of maximum rate of oxidation for the lubricant oil 3.5 x10-4 mol.l.sec. The same study was applied on the universal antioxidant inhibitor 2 6-diter-butyl-4-methyl phenol phenolic type under the same conditions. The obtained induction periods were 150 290 sec. respectively. This means that the values of induction periods obtained by formulating the lubricant oil with the extracted aniline molecule were 7 times greater than do the 2 6- diter-butyl-4-methyl phenol molecule. From the literatures it is known that the value of stochiometric factor for inhibition f for 2 4 6-triisobutyl phenol is equal to 2 so as a result the value of stochiometric

Computational study of the rate constants and free energies of intramolecular radical addition to substituted anilines

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Andreas Gansäuer

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The intramolecular radical addition to aniline derivatives was investigated by DFT calculations. The computational methods were benchmarked by comparing the calculated values of the rate constant for the 5-exo cyclization of the hexenyl radical with the experimental values. The dispersion-corrected PW6B95-D3 functional provided very good results with deviations for the free activation barrier compared to the experimental values of only about 0.5 kcal mol−1 and was therefore employed in further calculations. Corrections for intramolecular London dispersion and solvation effects in the quantum chemical treatment are essential to obtain consistent and accurate theoretical data. For the investigated radical addition reaction it turned out that the polarity of the molecules is important and that a combination of electrophilic radicals with preferably nucleophilic arenes results in the highest rate constants. This is opposite to the Minisci reaction where the radical acts as nucleophile and the arene as electrophile. The substitution at the N-atom of the aniline is crucial. Methyl substitution leads to slower addition than phenyl substitution. Carbamates as substituents are suitable only when the radical center is not too electrophilic. No correlations between free reaction barriers and energies (ΔG‡ and ΔGR are found. Addition reactions leading to indanes or dihydrobenzofurans are too slow to be useful synthetically.

Heterogeneity of activated carbons in adsorption of aniline from aqueous solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Podkościelny, P.; László, K.

2007-08-01

The heterogeneity of activated carbons (ACs) prepared from different precursors is investigated on the basis of adsorption isotherms of aniline from dilute aqueous solutions at various pH values. The APET carbon prepared from polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), as well as, commercial ACP carbon prepared from peat were used. Besides, to investigate the influence of carbon surface chemistry, the adsorption was studied on modified carbons based on ACP carbon. Its various oxygen surface groups were changed by both nitric acid and thermal treatments. The Dubinin-Astakhov (DA) equation and Langmuir-Freundlich (LF) one have been used to model the phenomenon of aniline adsorption from aqueous solutions on heterogeneous carbon surfaces. Adsorption-energy distribution (AED) functions have been calculated by using an algorithm based on a regularization method. Analysis of these functions for activated carbons studied provides important comparative information about their surface heterogeneity.

Synthesis and characterization of poly iodine anilines by plasma; Sintesis y caracterizacion de poliyodoanilinas por plasma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Enriquez P, M A

2003-07-01

The polymers and organic materials present a numberless quantity of applications. However, it has not been but until recent times that it has been found that some of these materials can possess semiconductor properties. This has generated a great interest for the investigation in the area of semiconductor polymers. The poly aniline (Pan) it is one of the main semiconductor polymers because their electric properties change depending on the doping and of the state of oxidation to the one the molecules are subjected. The synthesis of this material has been carried out by means of chemical oxidation or electrochemistry. In this work a study is presented on the formation of poly aniline polymers with halogens chemically united to the aniline ring, poly(m-iodine aniline) (m-PAnI) and poly(m-chloroaniline) (m-PAnCI) for plasma. The plasma is generated by means of discharges of splendor with an r f amplifier to 13.5 MHz to drops pressures (10{sup -2} mbar). The synthesized polymers were obtained in form of thin film in the walls of the reactor and in the substrate introduced in the one. The electric properties of the polymers were evaluated in function of the time of reaction. Also, the conductivity of the polymers was compared synthesized in this work with reported data of synthesized poly aniline and doped with iodine for plasma. The highest values in conductivity are obtained in the poly aniline where the halogens are chemically connected to the ring that if it is doped with iodine. The atomic proportion in the surface of the polymers was analyzed by dispersive energy spectroscopy with which is deduced that the halogens come off of the molecules of the monomers or of the polymer in formation and that the atoms of iodine get lost more easily than those of chlorine. Other techniques that were used to characterize to the poly aniline were scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results are presented in

Disposition and metabolism of aniline in Fischer 344 rats and C57BL/6 X C3H F1 mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McCarthy, D.J.; Waud, W.R.; Struck, R.F.; Hill, D.L.

1985-01-01

We examined the metabolism and disposition of aniline, which induces spleen hemangiosarcomas in rats but no tumors in mice, in normal and predosed Fischer 344 rats, and C57BL/6 X C3H F1 mice administered low (50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) or high (250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively) doses. Of 11 tissues examined, the highest levels of binding of [ 14 C]aniline to DNA were in the kidney, large intestine, and spleen of high-dose rats that had received prior dosing; these tissues had covalent binding indices of 14.2, 4.3, and 3.7 mumol/mol nucleotides/dose, respectively. Protein and RNA were the major macromolecular targets for binding of radioactivity from [ 14 C]aniline. Relative to controls, most tissues from predosed mice (low dose and high dose) showed less binding to protein and RNA; but for most tissues from predosed rats administered 50-mg/kg doses of [ 14 C]aniline, there was more extensive binding. Also relative to controls, binding of radioactivity in the spleen of predosed rats given [ 14 C]aniline (50 mg/kg) was 148% greater for protein and 302% greater for RNA. For rats administered 250 mg of [ 14 C]aniline per kg, however, there were no outstanding differences in binding to RNA and protein between normal and predosed animals. The profiles of urinary metabolites produced by rats and mice were not appreciably different in animals predosed with aniline. For rats, however, the profiles were different for the low and high doses, suggesting that the main metabolic pathway was saturated at the higher dose. p-Acetamidophenyl sulfate represented over 70% of the total radioactivity recovered from the urine of rats dosed with 50 mg of aniline per kg but only 30% in the urine of those dosed with 250 mg/kg. The urine of the high-dose rats contained greater percentages of p-aminophenyl sulfate, p-acetamidophenyl glucuronide, and unconjugated metabolites

N,N-Dihexyl-4-[2-(4-nitrophenylvinyl]aniline

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Dieter Schollmeyer

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The title compound, C26H36N2O2, was prepared by Horner olefination of p-dihexylaminobenzaldehyde and diethyl p-nitrobenzylphosphonate. It crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. Both have similar geometries of the π-systems but the conformations of all hexyl chains are different. Whereas one hexyl chain of the first molecule shows the typical all-anti conformation, the second is arranged in a gauche-anti-gauche-anti conformation with N—C—C—C, C—C—C—C, C—C—C—C and C—C—C—C torsion angles of −65.1 (4, 167.3 (3, 63.3 (4, and 179.4 (3°. One of the hexyl chains in the other molecule has an anti-anti-gauche-anti conformation [N—C—C—C, C—C—C—C, C—C—C—C and C—C—C—C torsion angles = 179.6 (3, −179.8 (3, −68.7 (5 and −178.8 (4°], the other starts with an anti-gauche-gauche sequence. Molecules A and B are composed of five planar subunits. The angle sums around the N atoms are in the range 356 (2–360.0 (2°. Torsion angles between these segments do not exceed 4.9 (4°, except for one of the alkyl chains each [molecule A = 26.2 (4°; molecule B = −6.0 (4°]. The high planarity of the molecules and the short aniline C—N bonds [1.385 (3 Å in molecule A and 1.378 (3 Å in molecule B] indicate a strong electronic coupling through the stilbene unit. One methylene group is disordered over two positions with an occupancy ratio of 0.72:0.28.

Occupational contact dermatitis caused by aniline epoxy resins in the aircraft industry.

Science.gov (United States)

Pesonen, Maria; Suuronen, Katri; Jolanki, Riitta; Aalto-Korte, Kristiina; Kuuliala, Outi; Henriks-Eckerman, Maj-Len; Valtanen, Ilona; Alanko, Kristiina

2015-08-01

Tetraglycidyl-4,4'-methylenedianiline (TGMDA) is an aniline epoxy resin used in, for example, resin systems of pre-impregnated composite materials (prepregs) of the aircraft industry. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by TGMDA in prepregs has been described previously. To report on 9 patients with occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by TGMDA in epoxy glues used in helicopter assembly. The patients were examined with patch testing at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health in 2004-2009. The first patient was diagnosed by testing both components of two epoxy glues from the workplace, and was also tested with glue ingredients, including TGMDA. The following patients were tested with the glues and TGMDA. The resin parts of the glues were analysed for their epoxy compounds, including TGMDA. All of the patients had a patch test reaction to one or both of the resin parts of the TGMDA-containing glues. Eight of them had a strong allergic reaction to TGMDA, and one had a doubtful reaction to TGMDA. Two of the patients also had an allergic reaction to triglycidyl-p-aminophenol (TGPAP), another aniline epoxy resin, which was not present in the TGMDA-containing glues. In aircraft industry workers with suspected occupational dermatitis, aniline epoxy resins should be considered and patch tested as possible contact allergens. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Study of charge transfer complexes of menadione (vitamin K 3) with a series of anilines

Science.gov (United States)

Pal, Purnendu; Saha, Avijit; Mukherjee, Asok K.; Mukherjee, Dulal C.

2004-01-01

Menadione (vitamin K 3) has been shown to form charge transfer complexes with N, N-dimethyl aniline, N, N-dimethyl p-toluidine and N, N-dimethyl m-toluidine in CCl 4 medium. The CT transition energies are well correlated with the ionisation potentials of the anilines. The formation constants of the complexes have been determined at a number of temperatures from which the enthalpies and entropies of formation have been obtained. The formation constants exhibit a very good linear free energy relationship (Hammett) at all the temperatures studied.

Synthesis of Poly aniline-Montmorillonite Nano composites Using H2O2 as the Oxidant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Binitha, N.; Binitha, N.; Suraja, V.; Zahira Yaakob; Sugunan, S.

2011-01-01

Poly aniline montmorillonite nano composite was prepared using H 2 O 2 as the oxidant. The catalytic environment of montmorillonite favours polymerization. Intercalation and composite formation was proven from various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, DRS and thermal analysis. XRD patterns give the dimension of the intercalated PANI, from the shift of 2θ values, which is in the nano range. FTIR showed that PANI composite formation occurred without affecting the basic clay layer structure. Thus the successful development of an alternative cheap route for poly aniline-montmorillonite nano composite was well established. (author)

Combustion synthesis by reaction and characterization of nano ferrites: study of fuel aniline, citric and its mixture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, M.C. da; Coutinho, J.P.; Costa, A.C.F.M.; Kiminami, R.H.G.A.; Freitas, N.L. de

2012-01-01

The present study aims to evaluate the influence of aniline and citric acid used alone and combined in a ratio of 50% each in the characterization of NiZn ferrite synthesized by combustion reaction method in a muffle furnace. Measurements were made of temperature and reaction time. The nano-powders were characterized by XRD, EDX, textural analysis and SEM. The highest temperature was achieved by the reaction using the mixture of fuel and increased reaction time using citric acid. The nano ferrites using different fuels, and the mixture changed phases, the crystallite size and decreased surface area of the samples with aniline, citric acid and a mixture of both, respectively. The powder morphology ranged from presenting the formation of irregular blocks for the use of citric agglomerated in the form of skeins with aniline and a mixture to agglomerate larger particles. (author)

Molecular architecture of electroactive and biodegradable copolymers composed of polylactide and carboxyl-capped aniline trimer.

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Baolin; Finne-Wistrand, Anna; Albertsson, Ann-Christine

2010-04-12

Two-, four-, and six-armed branched copolymers with electroactive and biodegradable properties were synthesized by coupling reactions between poly(l-lactides) (PLLAs) with different architecture and carboxyl-capped aniline trimer (CCAT). The aniline oligomer CCAT was prepared from amino-capped aniline trimer and succinic anhydride. FT-IR, NMR, and SEC analyses confirmed the structure of the branched copolymers. UV-vis spectra and cyclic voltammetry of CCAT and copolymer solution showed good electroactive properties, similar to those of polyaniline. The water contact angle of the PLLAs was the highest, followed by the undoped copolymer and the doped copolymers. The values of doped four-armed copolymers were 54-63 degrees . Thermal properties of the polymers were studied by DSC and TGA. The copolymers had better thermal stability than the pure PLLAs, and the T(g) between 48-58 degrees C and T(m) between 146-177 degrees C of the copolymers were lower than those of the pure PLLA counterparts. This kind of electroactive and biodegradable copolymer has a great potential for applications in cardiovascular or neuronal tissue engineering.

Exploring Redox States, Doping and Ordering of Electroactive Star-Shaped Oligo(aniline)s.

Science.gov (United States)

Mills, Benjamin M; Fey, Natalie; Marszalek, Tomasz; Pisula, Wojciech; Rannou, Patrice; Faul, Charl F J

2016-11-14

We have prepared a simple star-shaped oligo(aniline) (TDPB) and characterised it in detail by MALDI-TOF MS, UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy, time-dependent DFT, cyclic voltammetry and EPR spectroscopy. TDPB is part of an underdeveloped class of π-conjugated molecules with great potential for organic electronics, display and sensor applications. It is redox active and reacts with acids to form radical cations. Acid-doped TDPB shows behaviour similar to discotic liquid crystals, with X-ray scattering investigations revealing columnar self-assembled arrays. The combination of unpaired electrons and supramolecular stacking suggests that star-shaped oligo(aniline)s like TDPB have the potential to form conducting nanowires and organic magnetic materials. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

Polyaniline: Aniline oxidation with strong and weak oxidants under various acidity

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Bláha, Michal; Trchová, Miroslava; Bober, Patrycja; Morávková, Zuzana; Prokeš, J.; Stejskal, Jaroslav

2017-01-01

Roč. 194, 15 June (2017), s. 206-218 ISSN 0254-0584 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA16-02787S Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : aniline * oxidants * polyaniline Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry OBOR OECD: Polymer science Impact factor: 2.084, year: 2016

Divergent Reactivity of Rhodium(I) Carbenes Derived from Indole Annulations.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xiaoxun; Li, Hui; Song, Wangze; Tseng, Po-Sen; Liu, Lingyan; Guzei, Ilia A; Tang, Weiping

2015-10-26

Rhodium(I) carbenes were generated from propargylic alcohol derivatives as the result of a dehydrative indole annulation. Depending on the choice of the electron-withdrawing group on the aniline nitrogen nucleophile, either a cyclopropanation product or dimerization product was obtained chemoselectively. Intramolecular hydroamidation occurred for the same type of propargylic alcohol derivatives when other transition-metal catalysts were employed. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Activity of Aniline Methylation over Fe-Cu-Cr Ternary Spinel Systems

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Reni George

2014-03-01

Full Text Available A series of spinels having thegeneral formula CuCr2-xFexO4 with x=0.25,0.75, 1.25, 1.75 were prepared by co-precipitation method. The catalysts werecharacterized by various physico-chemical methods like XRD, BET, UV-DRS, SEM,EDX, TPD etc. The reaction of aniline with methanol was studied in a fixed-bedreactor system as a potential source for the production of various methylanilines. It was observed that systems possessing low ‘x’ values are highlyselective and active for N-monoalkylation of aniline leading toN-methylaniline. Reaction parameters were properly varied to optimize thereaction conditions for obtaining N-methylaniline selectively and in betteryield. Among the systems CuCr1.75Fe0.25O4 isremarkable due to its very high activity and excellent stability. Under theoptimized conditions N-methylaniline selectivity exceeded 91%. CuCr1.25Fe0.75O4gives better conversion than CuCr1.75Fe0.25O4in CuCr2-xFexO4 series. The Lewis acid sitesof the catalysts are mainly responsible for the good catalytic performance. © 2014 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reservedSubmitted: 18th July 2013; Revised: 5th November 2013; Accepted: 1st December 2013[How to Cite: George, R., George, K., Sugunan, S. (2014. Activity of Aniline Methylation over Fe-Cu-Cr Ternary Spinel Systems. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 9 (1: 39-44. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.9.1.5169.39-44][Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.9.1.5169.39-44] 

Facile and Sensitive Spectrophotometric Technique for the Determination of Carbofuran in its Formulations, Water and Grain Samples with Substituted Anilines

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V. Harikishna

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Methods are described for the determination of carbofuran in its formulations, in water and grain samples by the diazotization coupling spectrophotometric technique, using substituted anilines such as 4-bromoaniline, 4-methylaniline and 4-aminobenzaldehyde as the coupling agents. The orange red colour formed with 4-bromoaniline shows maximum absorption at 478 nm, yellow colour obtained with 4-methylaniline have maximum absorption at 465 nm whereas a red colour derivative formed with 4-aminobenzaldehyde shows λmax at 472 nm. The methods could be successfully applied for the determination of carbofuran in its formulations, water and grain samples.

Synthesis of new radiotracers based on aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ayari, Issra

2008-01-01

There are several possible applications of radioactivity, we cite: the study of the functional and neurochirnical aspects related to the brain. This study requires the synthesis of specific radiotracers able to cross their target tissue. The synthesis methods need to be constantly updated to respond to the big demand of this domain. The development of the chemistry of metal complexes helped us to find a stable radiotracer based on aniline and marked with technetium. This stability aI 10wed us to realize a possible biodistribution and to envisage to count the radioactivity and to valid the radiopharmaceutical. (Author)

Photodegradation of aniline by goethite doped with boron under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Guanglong; Liao, Shuijiao; Zhu, Duanwei; Liu, Linghua; Cheng, Dongsheng; Zhou, Huaidong

2011-01-01

Highlights: → Goethite modified by boron was prepared by sol-gel method in presence of boron acid at the low temperature. → B-goethite has slight red shift in the band gap transition beside their stronger light absorption compared with pristine goethite. → The results showed that semiconductor photocatalytic reaction mechanism should exist in the process of aniline degradation with goethite and B-goethite as photocatalyst. -- Abstract: In the present study, goethite and goethite doped with boron (B-goethite) were employed to detect the presence or absence of semiconductor photocatalytic reaction mechanism in the reaction systems. B-goethite was prepared by sol-gel method in presence of boron acid in order to improve its photocatalystic efficiency under the ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. The optical properties of goethite and B-goethite were characterized by ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra and the result indicated that B-goethite has slight red shift in the band gap transition beside their stronger light absorption compared with pristine goethite. Degradation of aniline was investigated in presence of goethite and B-goethite in aqueous solution. It was found that the B-goethite photocatalyst exhibited enhanced ultraviolet and visible light photocatalytic activity in degradation of aniline compared with the pristine goethite. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism of B-goethite was discussed.

Syntheses of Azo-Imine Derivatives from Vanillin as an Acid Base Indicator

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Bambang Purwono

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Preparations of azo, imine and azo-imine derivatives from vanillin as an indicator of acid-base titration have been carried out. The azo derivative of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(phenylazobenzaldehyde 2 was produced by diazotitation reaction of vanillin in 37.04% yield. The azo product was then refluxed with aniline in ethanol to yield azo-imine derivatives, 2-methoxy-6-(phenylazo-4-((phenyliminomethylphenol 1 in 82.21% yield. The imine derivative, 2-methoxy-4-((phenyliminomethyl-phenol 3 was obtained by refluxing of vanillin and aniline mixture in ethanol solvent and produced 82.17% yield. The imine product was then reacted with benzenediazonium chloride salt. However, the products indicated hydrolyzed product of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(phenylazobenzaldehyde 2 in 22.15% yield. The 2-methoxy-4-((phenyliminomethylphenol 2 could be used as an indicator for titration of NaOH by H2C2O4 with maximum concentration of H2C2O4 0.1 M while the target compound 1 could be used as titration indicator for titration of NaOH with H2C2O4 with same result using phenolphthalein indicator.

Photodissociation of aniline N–H bond in clusters of different nature

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Poterya, Viktoriya; Nachtigallová, Dana; Lengyel, Jozef; Fárník, Michal

2015-01-01

Roč. 17, č. 38 (2015), s. 25004-25013 ISSN 1463-9076 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA14-14082S Institutional support: RVO:61388955 ; RVO:61388963 Keywords : NONADIABATIC COUPLING TERMS * MR-CI LEVEL * PHOTOEXCITED ANILIN E Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 4.449, year: 2015

Industrial Process Design for the Production of Aniline by Direct Amination

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Driessen, Rick T.; Kamphuis, Peter; Mathijssen, Lydwien; Zhang, Ruo; van der Ham, Louis G.J.; van den Berg, Henk; Zeeuw, Arend Jan

2017-01-01

The objective is to design a plant from raw material to product for the production of aniline by direct amination of benzene. The process design is started on a conceptual level and ended on a basic engineering level as well as a techno-economical evaluation. The amination of benzene by

Towards directional assembly of hierarchical structures: aniline oligomers as the model precursors

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Zhao, Y.; Stejskal, Jaroslav; Wang, J.

2013-01-01

Roč. 5, č. 7 (2013), s. 2620-2626 ISSN 2040-3364 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP205/12/0911 Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : aniline oligomers * hierarchical nanostructures * microflowers Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry Impact factor: 6.739, year: 2013

Effects of aniline concentrations on the electrical and mechanical properties of polyaniline polyvinyl alcohol blends

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J. Bhadra

2017-07-01

Full Text Available In this work, we present an exclusive study on the effect of the feeding ratio of the monomer (aniline on the structural, thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of polyaniline (PANI polyvinyl alcohol (PVA blends. The films obtained from the blends are characterised to determine their surface properties and structural morphology (elemental analysis, SEM and FTIR, thermal properties (TGA and DSC and optical properties (UV–Vis spectroscopy. We study the effects of aniline on the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites by performing tensile, four probe and A.C. conductivity measurements, respectively. The SEM images reveal a heterogeneous distribution of conductive PANI particles in the continuous PVA matrix. During this experiment, the tensile strength of the blend films is maintained with an increase in the amount of aniline (up to 25 wt%, and this behaviour is attributed to intermolecular hydrogen bonding between PANI and PVA in the presence of the surfactant DBSA. The potential attraction of the experiment lies in the nature of the conductivity (of the blend films, which is found to increase from 10−8 to 10−3 S/cm with a percolation threshold of 0.78 wt%.

Volumetric properties of dichloromethane with aniline or nitrobenzene at different temperatures: A theoretical and experimental study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Su Liyan; Wang Haijun

2009-01-01

The densities for binary mixtures of dichloromethane with aniline, or nitrobenzene, respectively, including those of pure liquids, were measured over the entire composition range at T = (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K and atmospheric pressure using a vibrating-tube densimeter. From the experimental results, the excess molar volumes, V m E , partial molar volumes, V i -bar, the apparent molar volume, V φi , and the partial molar excess volumes at infinite dilution, (V i E -bar) ∞ , were calculated over whole composition range. Negative values of V m E for (dichloromethane + aniline) attributed to the formation of the charge transfer complex, while for (dichloromethane + nitrobenzene) system, the free volume effect played a dominant role. The extent of negative deviations in V m E values follows the order: nitrobenzene > aniline. The Prigogine-Flory-Patterson (PFP) theory and its applicability in predicting V m E at T = 298.15 K were tested. There is a good agreement in general between the experimental V m E values and those predicted by PFP theory

Nonlinear optical measurements of conducting copolymers of aniline under CW laser excitation

Science.gov (United States)

Pramodini, S.; Poornesh, P.

2015-08-01

Synthesis and measurements of third-order optical nonlinearity and optical limiting of conducting copolymers of aniline are presented. Single beam z-scan technique was employed for the nonlinear optical studies. Continuous wave He-Ne laser operating at 633 nm was used as the source of excitation. Copolymer samples exhibited reverse saturable absorption (RSA) process. The nonlinear refraction studies depict that the copolymers exhibit self-defocusing property. The estimated values of βeff, n2 and χ(3) were found to be of the order of 10-2 cm/W, 10-5 esu and 10-7 esu respectively. Self-diffraction rings were observed due to refractive index change when exposed to the laser beam. A good optical limiting and clamping of power of ∼0.9 mW and ∼0.05 mW was observed. Therefore, copolymers of aniline emerge as a potential candidate for photonic device applications.

Browse Title Index - AJOL

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 501 - 508 of 508 ... Issue, Title. Vol 33, No 2 (2011), Visuele stereotipering van sportvroue in die sportmedia, Abstract. M Brandt, A Carstens. Vol 30, No 1 (2008), Volunteers\\' perceptions of benefits derived from volunteering: an empirical study, Abstract. J Surujlal, M Dhurup. Vol 33, No 1 (2011), Was the Conconi test ...

Optical, structural and electrochromic behavior studies on nanocomposite thin film of aniline, o-toluidine and WO3

Science.gov (United States)

Najafi-Ashtiani, Hamed; Bahari, Ali

2016-08-01

In the field of materials for electrochromic (EC) applications much attention was paid to the derivatives of aniline. We report on the optical, structural and electrochromic properties of electrochromic thin film based on composite of WO3 nanoparticles and copolymer of aniline and o-toluidine prepared by electrochemical polymerization method on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass. The thin film was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The morphology of prepared thin film was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) as well. The optical spectra of nanocomposite thin film were characterized in the 200-900 nm wavelength range and EC properties of nanocomposite thin film were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The calculation of optical band gaps of thin film exhibited that the thin film has directly allowed transition with the values of 2.63 eV on first region and 3.80 eV on second region. Dispersion parameters were calculated based on the single oscillator model. Finally, important parameters such as dispersion energy, oscillator energy and lattice dielectric constant were determined and compared with the data from other researchers. The nonlinear optical properties such as nonlinear optical susceptibility, nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index were extracted. The obtained results of nanocomposite thin film can be useful for the optoelectronic applications.

Recommended vapor pressures for aniline, nitromethane, 2-aminoethanol, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Růžička, K.; Fulem, Michal; Mahnel, T.; Červinka, C.

2015-01-01

Roč. 406, Nov (2015), 34-46 ISSN 0378-3812 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : recommended vapor pressure equations * heat capacity * ideal - gas thermodynamic properties * aniline * nitromethane Subject RIV: BJ - Thermodynamics Impact factor: 1.846, year: 2015

Ester Sensing with Poly (Aniline-co-m-aminobenzoic Acid Deposited on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol

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S. ADHIKARI

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Poly (aniline-co-m-aminobenzoic acid was deposited on poly (vinyl alcohol film by in situ oxidative polymerization of the monomers aniline and m-aminobenzoic acid. Sensing experiments were performed on the composite film with the injection of various concentrations of hexenyl acetate and hexenyl butyrate at room temperature. The sensor responded rapidly and reversibly in the presence of hexenyl acetate and hexenyl butyrate vapors which was detected by resistance change of the composite film upon exposure to the vapor. Selectivity tests revealed that the sensor selectively responded to hexenyl butyrate compared to hexenyl acetate. The sensing response has been explained on the basis of FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of the polymer film before and after exposure to the ester vapor.

Binary liquid-liquid equilibria of aniline-paraffin and furfural-paraffin systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sen, S.C.; Maity, S.; Ganguli, K.; Ray, P. (Calcutta Univ., (India))

1991-12-01

Liquid-liquid-equilibria (L-L-E) of hydrocarbon containing systems are of considerable commercial importance to refineries. But prediction of L-L-E of such systems is extremely difficult owing to the complex nature of the petroleum fluids. For treating such complex mixtures, a continuous component method is appropriate and for representing such liquids, a group contribution model like the UNIFAC is extremely convenient. It is, however, necessary to determine the appropriate group interaction parameters, and also to test the applicability of the UNIFAC method to these cases. Binary liquid-liquid-equilibria data for several aniline-paraffin and furfural-paraffin systems have been taken. These data along with data for other aniline-hydrocarbon and furfural-hydrocarbon systems from literature have been correlated using the UNIFAC model. The UNIFAC group interaction parameters have been found to have a linear temperature dependence. The CH{sub 2} groups in cyclo and non-cyclo paraffins require different interaction parameters. It was also found that a scaling of the combinatorial term is necessary for higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. 13 refs., 12 figs., 5 tabs.

Immobilisation of enzymes on poly(aniline)-poly(anion) composite films. Preparation of bioanodes for biofuel cell applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Simon, Evelyne; Halliwell, Catherine M; Toh, Chee Seng; Cass, Anthony E G; Bartlett, Philip N

2002-01-01

Immobilisation of enzymes is important for applications such as biosensors or biofuel cells. A poly(histidine) tag had been introduced on the C terminus of a lactate dehydrogenase enzyme. This mutant enzyme was then immobilised onto poly(aniline) (PANi)-poly(anion) composite films, PANi-poly(vinylsulfonate) (PVS) or PANi-poly(acrylate) (PAA). The NADH produced by the immobilised enzyme in the presence of beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) and lactate is oxidised at the poly(aniline)-coated electrode at 0.05 to 0.1 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE) at 35 degrees C.

Ultraviolet relaxation dynamics of aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline and 3,5-dimethylaniline at 250 nm

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thompson, James O. F.; Saalbach, Lisa; Crane, Stuart W. [Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS (United Kingdom); Paterson, Martin J. [Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS (United Kingdom); Townsend, Dave, E-mail: D.Townsend@hw.ac.uk [Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS (United Kingdom); Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS (United Kingdom)

2015-03-21

Time-resolved photoelectron imaging was used to investigate the electronic relaxation dynamics of gas-phase aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, and 3,5-dimethylaniline following ultraviolet excitation at 250 nm. Our analysis was supported by ab initio coupled-cluster calculations evaluating excited state energies and (in aniline) the evolution of a range of excited state physical properties as a function of N–H bond extension. Due to a lack of consistency between several earlier studies undertaken in aniline, the specific aim of this present work was to gain new insight into the previously proposed non-adiabatic coupling interaction between the two lowest lying singlet excited states S{sub 1}(ππ{sup ∗}) and S{sub 2}(3s/πσ{sup ∗}). The methyl-substituted systems N, N-dimethylaniline and 3,5-dimethylaniline were included in order to obtain more detailed dynamical information about the key internal molecular coordinates that drive the S{sub 1}(ππ{sup ∗})/S{sub 2}(3s/πσ{sup ∗}) coupling mechanism. Our findings suggest that in all three systems, both electronic states are directly populated during the initial excitation, with the S{sub 2}(3s/πσ{sup ∗}) state then potentially decaying via either direct dissociation along the N–X stretching coordinate (X = H or CH{sub 3}) or internal conversion to the S{sub 1}(ππ{sup ∗}) state. In aniline and N, N-dimethylaniline, both pathways most likely compete in the depletion of S{sub 2}(3s/πσ{sup ∗}) state population. However, in 3,5-dimethylaniline, only the direct dissociation mechanism appears to be active. This is rationalized in terms of changes in the relative rates of the two decay pathways upon methylation of the aromatic ring system.

Time resolved resonance Raman spectra of anilino radical and aniline radical cation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tripathi, G.N.R.; Schuler, R.H.

1987-01-01

We report, in this paper, submicrosecond time resolved resonance Raman spectra of anilino radical and its radical cation as observed in pulse radiolytic studies of the oxidation of aniline in aqueous solution. By excitation in resonance with the broad and weak electronic transition of anilino radical at 400 nm (ε--1250 M -1 cm -1 ) we have observed, for the first time, the vibrational features of this radical. The Wilson ν 8 /sub a/ ring stretching mode at 1560 cm -1 is most strongly resonance enhanced. The ν 7 /sub a/ CN stretching band at 1505 cm -1 , which is shifted to higher frequency by 231 cm -1 with respect to aniline, is also prominent. The frequency of this latter mode indicates that the CN bond in the radical has considerable double bond character. The Raman spectrum of aniline radical cation, excited in resonance with the --425 nm electronic absorption (ε--4000 M -1 cm -1 ), shows features which are similar to phenoxyl radical. Most of the observed frequencies of this radical in solution are in good agreement with vibrational energies determined by recent laser photoelectron spectroscopic studies in the vapor phase. The bands most strongly enhanced in the resonance Raman spectrum are, however, weak in the photoelectron spectrum. While the vibrational frequencies observed for anilino radical and its isoelectronic cation are quite similar, the resonance enhancement patterns are very different. In particular the ν 14 b 2 mode of anilino radical observed at 1324 cm -1 is highly resonance enhanced because of strong vibronic coupling between the 400 nm 2 A 2 -- 2 B 1 and the higher 2 B 1 -- 2 B 1 electronic transitions

Graphene/Poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) Nanocomposite: Potential Candidate for Supercapacitor and Microwave Absorbing Applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Sahoo, Sumanta; Bhattacharya, Pallab; Dhibar, Saptarshi; Hatui, Goutam; Das, Tanya; Das, Chapal Kumar

2015-09-01

A simple and cost-effective in-situ chemical route to prepare the nanocomposites based on graphene and Poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) [PPP] has been proposed. Introduction of graphene changes the morphology of copolymer from spherical to fiber like. Graphene/Poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) [GPPP] nanocomposite achieved highest specific capacitance of 351 F/g and energy density of 124.8 Wh/Kg at 10 mV/s scan rate. The composite also obtained moderate specific capacitance retention of 66% after 500 cycles, which establish its potentiality as supercapacitor electrode materials. The composite also exhibited high electrical conductivity and superior microwave absorbing properties (maximum reflection loss is -29.97 dB). The absorption range corresponding to ≥ 90% absorption (or -10 dB) is 2.72 GHz which is excellent for the microwave absorbing applications.

Detection of aniline oligomers on polyaniline-gold interface using resonance Raman scattering

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Trchová, Miroslava; Morávková, Zuzana; Dybal, Jiří; Stejskal, Jaroslav

2014-01-01

Roč. 6, č. 2 (2014), s. 942-950 ISSN 1944-8244 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP205/12/0911; GA ČR(CZ) GA13-00270S Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : polyaniline * aniline oligomers * Raman spectroscopy Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry Impact factor: 6.723, year: 2014

Nanoparticle formation in a low pressure argon/aniline RF plasma

Science.gov (United States)

Pattyn, C.; Kovacevic, E.; Hussain, S.; Dias, A.; Lecas, T.; Berndt, J.

2018-01-01

The formation of nanoparticles in low temperature plasmas is of high importance for different fields: from astrophysics to microelectronics. The plasma based synthesis of nanoparticles is a complex multi-scale process that involves a great variety of different species and comprises timescales ranging from milliseconds to several minutes. This contribution focuses on the synthesis of nanoparticles in a low temperature, low pressure capacitively coupled plasma containing mixtures of argon and aniline. Aniline is commonly used for the production of polyaniline, a material that belongs to the family of conductive polymers, which has attracted increasing interest in the last few years due to the large number of potential applications. The nanoparticles which are formed in the plasma volume and levitate there due to the collection of negative charges are investigated in this contribution by means of in-situ FTIR spectroscopy. In addition, the plasma is analyzed by means of plasma (ion) mass spectroscopy. The experiments reveal the possibility to synthesize nanoparticles both in continuous wave and in pulsed discharges. The formation of particles in the plasma volume can be suppressed by pulsing the plasma in a specific frequency range. The in-situ FTIR analysis also reveals the influence of the argon plasma on the characteristics of the nanoparticles.

Thermochemistry of adducts of some bivalent transition metal bromides with aniline

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dunstan, Pedro Oliver

2006-01-01

The compounds [MBr 2 (an) 2 ] (where M is Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) or Zn(II); an=aniline) were synthesized and characterized by melting points, elemental analysis, thermal studies, and electronic and IR spectroscopy. The enthalpies of dissolution of the adducts, metal(II) bromides and aniline in methanol, aqueous 1.2M HCl or 25% (v/v) aqueous 1.2M HCl in methanol were measured. The following thermochemical parameters for the adducts have been determined by thermochemical cycles: the standard enthalpies for the Lewis acid/base reactions (Δ r H o ), the standard enthalpies of formation (Δ f H o ), the standard enthalpies of decomposition (Δ D H o ), the lattice standard enthalpies (Δ M H o ) and the standard enthalpies of the Lewis acid/base reactions in the gaseous phase (Δ r H o (g)). The mean bond dissociation enthalpies of the M(II)-nitrogen bonds (D-bar (M?N) ) and the enthalpies of formation of the adducts from the ions in the gaseous phase: M 2+ (g) +Br - (g) +an (g) ->[MBr 2 (an) 2 ] (g) (Δ fi H o ) have been estimated

A New Nano Silica Gel Supported by Thionyl Chloride as a Solid Acid for the Efficient Diazotization of Aniline Derivatives: Application and Synthesis of Azo Dyes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Mirjalili

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A new nano silicagel supported by thionyl chloride as a solid acid was synthesized and used as a increasing the production yield of dye to affect the efficient diazotization of arylamines. The diazonium salts thus obtained were coupled, using standard experimental procedures, to anilines and naphthols to afford the requisite azo dyes in good yield. The diazotization and subsequent azo-coupling generated the related azo dyes at low temperature in short reaction times with a simple experimental procedure.

In-situ synthesis of SiO2@MOF composites for high-efficiency removal of aniline from aqueous solution

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Tongtong; Li, Caifeng; Guo, Xiangyu; Huang, Hongliang; Liu, Dahuan; Zhong, Chongli

2016-12-01

A series of SiO2@aluminum-MOF(MIL-68) composites with different SiO2 loadings have been synthesized by a simple and mild compositing strategy for high-efficiency removal of aniline. As evidenced from SEM and TEM images as well as the particle size distribution, the incorporation of SiO2 can improve the dispersity of MIL-68(Al) in composites, and result in the smaller particle size than that of pristine MIL-68(Al). Besides, the adsorption of aniline over SiO2, MIL-68(Al), the physical mixture of these two materials, and SiO2@MIL-68(Al) composites was investigated comparatively, demonstrating a relatively high adsorption capacity (531.9 mg g-1) of 7% SiO2@MIL-68(Al) towards aniline. Combining the ultrafast adsorption dynamics (reaching equilibrium within 40 s) and great reusability, 7% SiO2@MIL-68(Al) shows excellent adsorption performance. This indicates that the SiO2@MIL-68(Al) composites possess great potential applications as a kind of fascinating adsorbent in water pollution protection.

Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric determination of aniline in foods oils associated with the Spanish toxic oil syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hill, R.H. Jr.; Todd, G.D.; Kilbourne, E.M.; Cline, R.E.; McCraw, J.; Orti, D.L.; Bailey, S.L.; Needham, L.L.

1987-01-01

In 1981, a new disease, known today as the toxic oil syndrome (TOS), descended upon the people of Spin. A strong association between TOS and contaminated food oil was established early. Subsequent investigations implicated food oils containing rapeseed oil denatured with aniline. However, little aniline was found in the oils; some other etiologic agent in the oil had apparently produced the illness. Many researchers have investigated these oils, but the specific etiologic agent has not been identified. Significant progress in this research has been hampered by the difficulty in identifying the specific oil samples that produced illness in specific TOS cases. In 1984, the Spanish Government invited the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to participate in its research efforts to study the TOS problem. One of the authors was detailed to Spain to assist in the study of the illness. Part of their work in this area has been an attempt in their laboratories to classify a group of blind-coded case and control oils according to selected chemical measurements. They report here a newly developed method for determining aniline in these oils and the results of these analyses

The electrochemical synthesis and corrosion behaviour of TiO2/poly(indole-co-aniline multilayer coating: Experimental and theoretical approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Serap Toprak Döşlü

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to protect stainless steel against corrosion via poly (indole-co-aniline with the help of titanium dioxide pre-coating. Different monomer ratios (1:1 and 1:9 were applied in order to determine the suitable chain composition to synthesize the copolymer in lithium perchlorate containing acetonitrile. The structures, morphologies, electrochemical properties and corrosion resistances of the mono and multi-layer coatings were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and anodic polarization. Furthermore the geometric structure and electronic properties of indole, aniline, and indole-co-aniline (dimmer molecules have been investigated by quantum calculations. The results indicated that corrosion protection of copolymers was increased via titanium dioxide pre-coating. The 1:1 copolymer coating showed better corrosion prevention than 1:9 coating. The correlation was determined between experimental and theoretical parameters.

Intermolecular vibronic spectroscopy of small van der Waals clusters: Phenol- and aniline-(argon)2 complexes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmidt, M.; Mons, M.; Le Calve, J.

1990-01-01

We report the clear observation and assignment of the symmetric stretching and bending van der Waals modes in two three-body C 2ν complexes, phenol- and aniline-(Ar) 2 , using resonant two-photon ionization. (orig.)

Study of the growth and pyroelectric properties of TGS crystals doped with aniline-family dipolar molecules

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Kecong; Song, Jiancheng; Wang, Min; Fang, Changshui; Lu, Mengkai

1987-04-01

TGS crystals doped with aniline-family dipolar molecules (aniline, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzene-sulphonic acid, 4-aminobenzenesulphonic acid and 4-nitroraniline) have been grown by the slow-cooling solution method. The influence of these dopants on the growth habits, crystal morphology pyroelectric properties, and structure parameters of TGS crystals has been systematically investigated. The effects of the domain structure of the seed crystal on the pyroelectric properties of the doped crystals have been studied. It is found that the spontaneous polarization (P), pyroelectric coefficient (lambda), and internal bias field of the doped crystals are slightly higher than those of the pure TGS, and the larger the dipole moment of the dopant molecule, the higher the P and lambda of the doped TGS crystal.

Multi-signalling cation sensing behaviour of a bis(pyridin-2-yl methyl)aniline based hetarylazo dye

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaur, Paramjit; Sareen, Divya; Kaur, Mandeep; Singh, Kamaljit

2013-01-01

Graphical abstract: The chromogenic and electrochemical behaviour of bis(pyridine-2-yl methyl)aniline based hetarylazo dye gets perturbed in the presence of cations, most effective being Cu 2+ . The conversion of ICT to ICT/MLCT is witnessed by TD-DFT calculations. -- Highlights: •Cation sensing of hetarylazo dye based upon visual, absorption and electrochemical changes is described. •Sensing mechanism is based upon perturbation in intramolecular charge-transfer upon interaction with cations. •Sensing protocol is supported by 1 H NMR studies as well as theoretical calculations. •Hetarylazo dye acts as a multichannel sensor. •Response of the dye towards various cations has also been explored in acidic pH window. -- Abstract: We investigated the cation sensing behaviour of a bis(pyridin-2-yl methyl)aniline appended hetarylazo dye via chromogenic and electrochemical transduction channels. The binding pocket constituting both the pyridyl as well as aniline nitrogen atoms acts as recognition site for the cations and consequent perturbation in the intramolecular charge-transfer prevailing in the dye results in the chromogenic response manifested in the form of hypsochromic shift in the intramolecular charge-transfer band and the attendant naked-eye color changes. The dye exhibits significant changes in its electrochemical behaviour in the presence of cations. The experimental results are also rationalized by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations

Photoactivated bioconjugation between ortho-azidophenols and anilines: a facile approach to biomolecular photopatterning.

Science.gov (United States)

El Muslemany, Kareem M; Twite, Amy A; ElSohly, Adel M; Obermeyer, Allie C; Mathies, Richard A; Francis, Matthew B

2014-09-10

Methods for the surface patterning of small molecules and biomolecules can yield useful platforms for drug screening, synthetic biology applications, diagnostics, and the immobilization of live cells. However, new techniques are needed to achieve the ease, feature sizes, reliability, and patterning speed necessary for widespread adoption. Herein, we report an easily accessible and operationally simple photoinitiated reaction that can achieve patterned bioconjugation in a highly chemoselective manner. The reaction involves the photolysis of 2-azidophenols to generate iminoquinone intermediates that couple rapidly to aniline groups. We demonstrate the broad functional group compatibility of this reaction for the modification of proteins, polymers, oligonucleotides, peptides, and small molecules. As a specific application, the reaction was adapted for the photolithographic patterning of azidophenol DNA on aniline glass substrates. The presence of the DNA was confirmed by the ability of the surface to capture living cells bearing the sequence complement on their cell walls or cytoplasmic membranes. Compared to other light-based DNA patterning methods, this reaction offers higher speed and does not require the use of a photoresist or other blocking material.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone/ Poly aniline Composite Based 36 degree YX LiTaO3 Surface Acoustic Wave H2 Gas Sensor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amir Sidek; Rashidah Arsat; Xiuli, He; Kalantar-zadeh, K.; Wlodarski, W.

2013-01-01

Poly-vinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP)/ poly aniline based surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors were fabricated and characterized and their performances towards hydrogen gas were investigated. The PVP/ poly aniline fibers composite were prepared by electro spinning of the composite aqueous solution deposited directly onto the active area of SAW transducers. Via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the morphology of the deposited nano structure material was observed. From the dynamic response, frequency shifts of 6.243 kHz (1% H 2 ) and 8.051 kHz (1% H 2 ) were recorded for the sensors deposited with PVP/ ES and PVP/ EB, respectively. (author)

Synthesis and electrochemical analysis of polyaniline/TiO2 composites prepared with various molar ratios between aniline monomer and para-toluenesulfonic acid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oh, Misoon; Kim, Seok

2012-01-01

Graphical abstract: Polyaniline (PANI)/TiO 2 composites were prepared by in situ polymerization using para-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA). The composites showed different morphology and specific capacitances as a function of aniline concentration, which are related to the morphology (shape or size) of particles. Scheme of the formation of composites consisting of PANI film and the micelle structures is shown. Highlights: ► PANI/TiO 2 composite were prepared with a different concentration of monomer and dopant. ► Aniline/acid ratio influenced the morphological and electrochemical properties. ► The composites showed different capacitances as a function of aniline concentrations. ► Aniline/acid ratio could influence on the dispersion and surface roughness of particles. - Abstract: Polyaniline (PANI)/titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) composites were prepared with a chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline monomer (ANI) with various molar ratios between ANI and para toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA). To find an effect of the [ANI]:[p-TSA] molar ratio on the electrochemical properties of the prepared PANI/TiO 2 composites, the composites were synthesized under same conditions except the p-TSA concentrations. The prepared composite films had more homogeneous TiO 2 dispersion with changing [ANI]:[p-TSA] molar ratios from 6:1 to 1:1. p-TSA surfactant-like doping acid helped the dispersion of TiO 2 particles in the PANI matrix. PANI covering the TiO 2 surfaces was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Prepared PANI films on the TiO 2 particles had the smoothest surface when the ANI and p-TSA had 1:1 molar ratio in the reaction solution. The composite prepared with molar ratio [ANI]:[p-TSA] of 3:1 had the highest capacitance (800 F g −1 ) among the prepared composites.

Study and characterization of tobacco mosaic virus head-to-tail assembly assisted by aniline polymerization.

Science.gov (United States)

Niu, Zhongwei; Bruckman, Michael; Kotakadi, Venkata S; He, Jinbo; Emrick, Todd; Russell, Thomas P; Yang, Lin; Wang, Qian

2006-07-28

One-dimensional composite nanofibres with narrow dispersity, high aspect ratio and high processibility have been fabricated by head-to-tail self-assembly of rod-like tobacco mosaic virus assisted by aniline polymerization, which can promote many potential applications including electronics, optics, sensing and biomedical engineering.

Efficient treatment of aniline containing wastewater in bipolar membrane microbial electrolysis cell-Fenton system

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Li, Xiaohu; Jin, Xiangdan; Zhao, Nannan

2017-01-01

wastewater under an acidic condition maintained by the bipolar membrane. The aniline was effectively degraded following first-order kinetics at a rate constant of 0.0166 h−1 under an applied voltage of 0.5 V. Meanwhile, a total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of 93.1 ± 1.2% was obtained, revealing...

Poly aniline Nano fiber as Modified Cladding for Optical Fiber Sensor to Detect Acetone Vapor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akhiruddin maddu; Ahmad aminuddin; Setyanto Tri Wahyudi; Hamdani Zain

2008-01-01

In this research, we used poly aniline nano fiber as modified cladding material for a fiber optic sensor system to detect the acetone vapor. The sensor was designed based on variation of evanescent field absorption on the core-modified cladding interface when exposed with varied acetone vapor. Poly aniline nano fiber synthesized by interfacial polymerization was coated onto the un-cladded core and acts as sensing element. Response of the fiber optic sensor was investigated by measuring the transmission light intensity via fiber optic sensor system while exposed with acetone vapor. Based on the sensor response curve, it is obtained a very fast response time of 30 s and recovery time of 10 s. The fiber optic sensor also exhibits a good reversibility and repeatability. Sensitivity of the sensor to variation of acetone vapor pressure was obtained 1.25 %/mmHg, that means the transmission intensity of the sensor changes 1.25 % for acetone vapor change of 1 mmHg. (author)

The effects of Urtica dioica L. leaf extract on aniline 4-hydroxylase in mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Ozen, Tevfik; Korkmaz, Halil

2009-01-01

The effects of hydroalcoholic (80% ethanol-20% water) extract of Urtica dioica L. on microsomal aniline 4-hydroxylase (A4H) were investigated in the liver of Swiss albino mice (8- 10-weeks-old) treated with two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, given orally for 14 days ). The activities of A4H showed a significant increase in the liver at both dose levels of extract treatment. The hydroalcoholic extract of Urtica dioica induced the activities of A4H that had been increased by treatment of metal ions (Mg2+ and Ca2+) and the mixture of cofactors (NADH and NADPH). At saturated concentration of cofactor, microsomal A4H exhibited significantly even higher activities in the presence of the mixture of cofactors than NADPH and NADH. Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions acted as stimulants in vitro. The present results suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Urtica dioica may have modalatory effect on aniline hydroxylase at least in part and enhance the activity of A4H adding metals ions and cofactors.

Volumetric and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures of sulfolane with aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-diethylaniline at different temperatures and atmospheric pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aftabuzzaman, M.; Islam, M. Monirul; Nasiruddin; Rima, Farhana Rahman; Islam, M. Nazrul; Ali, M. Azhar

2016-01-01

Highlights: • ρ and η of sulfolane + aniline, +N,N-DMA, +N,N-DEA binary mixtures were measured. • V"E values for sulfolane + aniline, +N,N-DMA, +N,N-DEA binary mixtures are negative. • Δη &d_1_2 are positive for sulfolane + aniline, and negative for +N,N-DMA, +N,N-DEA. • The chemical or strong specific interactions exist in sulfolane + aniline mixtures. • The structural effects are dominated in sulfolane +N,N-DMA, +N,N-DEA mixtures.​ - Abstract: Densities and viscosities of pure sulfolane, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-diethylaniline and their binary mixtures with sulfolane as common component were measured over the entire composition range at T = (303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K and atmospheric pressure. A high precision vibrating-tube densitometer (DSA 5000, Anton-Paar, Austria) was used for the density measurements and a Cannon–Fenske routine type viscometer for the viscosity. The various thermodynamic properties such as excess molar volumes, deviation of viscosity, free energy and excess free energy of activation for viscous flow were calculated for each of the systems. The excess properties were fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation, and coefficients along with standard deviation of fit were also presented. All these properties were discussed in terms of molecular interactions. The experimental findings would be tremendous important for the accurate design of equipment, and controlling the process parameters of various chemical and industrial processes such as separation of chemicals, fluid flow, heat flow or chemical reactions.

Preparation and enhanced electrochemical properties of nano-sulfur/poly(pyrrole-co-aniline) cathode material for lithium/sulfur batteries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qiu Linlin; Zhang Shichao; Zhang Lan; Sun, Mingming; Wang Weikun

2010-01-01

Poly(pyrrole-co-aniline) (PPyA) copolymer nanofibers were prepared by chemical oxidation method with cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) as template, and the nano-sulfur/poly(pyrrole-co-aniline) (S/PPyA) composite material in lithium batteries was achieved via co-heating the mixture of PPyA and sublimed sulfur at 160 deg. C for 24 h. The component and structure of the materials were characterized by FTIR, Raman, XRD, and SEM. PPyA with nanofiber network structure was employed as a conductive matrix, adsorbing agent and firm reaction chamber for the sulfur cathode materials. The nano-dispersed composite exhibited a specific capacity up to 1285 mAh g -1 in the initial cycle and remained 866 mAh g -1 after 40 cycles.

Electrospun aniline-tetramer-co-polycaprolactone fibres for conductive, biodegradable scaffolds.

Science.gov (United States)

Guex, A G; Spicer, C D; Armgarth, A; Gelmi, A; Humphrey, E J; Terracciano, C M; Harding, S; Stevens, M M

2017-09-01

Conjugated polymers have been proposed as promising materials for scaffolds in tissue engineering applications. The restricted processability and biodegradability of conjugated polymers limit their use for biomedical applications however. Here we synthesised a block- co -polymer of aniline tetramer and PCL (AT-PCL), and processed it into fibrous non-woven scaffolds by electrospinning. We showed that fibronectin (Fn) adhesion was dependant on the AT-PCL oxidative state, with a reduced Fn unfolding length on doped membranes. Furthermore, we demonstrated the cytocompatibility and potential of these membranes to support the growth and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 over 21 days.

Electrochemical polymerization of an aniline-terminated self-assembled monolayer on indium tin oxide electrodes and its effect on polyaniline electrodeposition

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cruz-Silva, Rodolfo [Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, UAEM. Av. Universidad 1001Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor. (Mexico)], E-mail: rcruzsilva@uaem.mx; Nicho, Maria E.; Resendiz, Mary C.; Agarwal, Vivechana [Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, UAEM. Av. Universidad 1001Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor. (Mexico); Castillon, Felipe F.; Farias, Mario H. [Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada de la UNAM, Apdo. Postal 2681 C.P. 22800 Ensenada, B.C. (Mexico)

2008-06-02

Indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrodes were surface modified by a self-assembled monolayer of N-phenyl-{gamma}-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (PAPTS). Cyclic voltammetry of the PAPTS monolayer in aniline-free aqueous electrolyte showed the typical shape of a surface-confined monomer, due to the oxidation of the aniline moieties. This process resulted in a two-dimensional polyaniline film with uniform thickness of 1.3 nm, as measured by atomic force microscopy. X-ray photoelectron and UV-visible spectroscopic techniques confirm the formation of a conjugated polymer film. The influence of the surface modification of ITO electrodes on polyaniline electrochemical deposition was also studied. The initial oxidation rate of aniline increased in the PAPTS-modified ITO electrodes, although the overall film formation rate was lower than that of unmodified ITO electrodes. The morphology of the electrodeposited polyaniline films on PAPTS-modified and unmodified ITO electrodes was studied by atomic force microscopy. Films of smaller grain were grown in the PAPTS-modified ITO as compared to films grown on unmodified ITO. A blocking effect due to the propyl spacer is proposed to explain the reduced electron transfer in PAPTS-modified electrodes.

Comparing the characteristics of highly cited titles and highly alted titles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Didegah, F.; Bowman, T.D.; Bowman, S.; Hartley, J.

2016-07-01

This study examines differences in the types of titles for articles that show high altmetric activity (highly alted articles) versus highly cited articles. This work expands on previous research on document titles in combination with a grounded theory approach to develop a codebook in which articles were manually coded based on 11 characteristics. The results show that there are differences and similarities in titles across many of the examined characteristics; highly cited titles and highly mentioned titles on Wikipedia have some similar characteristics such as they have the the highest percentage of substantive words; in addition, there are no or very few titles referencing outside or with humor/lightness on both platforms. Twitter and Facebook also showed some similarities having the highest percentage of humorous/light titles and lowest percentage of substantive words in their titles. (Author)

Ruthenium-catalysed synthesis of 2- and 3-substituted quinolines from anilines and 1,3-diols

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Monrad, Rune Nygaard; Madsen, Robert

2011-01-01

A straightforward synthesis of substituted quinolines is described by cyclocondensation of anilines with 1,3-diols. The reaction proceeds in mesitylene solution with catalytic amounts of RuCl3·xH 2O, PBu3 and MgBr2·OEt2. The transformation does not require any stoichiometric additives and only...

Induction by phenobarbital of aniline-p-hydroxylase in mouse liver under the influence of X-irradiation and 2,4,6-triethyleneimino-1,3,5-triazine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erger, M.; Hollatz, R.; Tempel, K.

1977-01-01

The phenobarbital-induced activity of aniline-p-hydroxylase in livers of mice was enhanced additionally when the animals were X-irradiated 4-16 hours before the administration of the inducer. The same effect could be demonstrated after repeated irradiation with low doses. 2,4,6-triethyleneimino-1,3,5-triazine (tretamine) inhibited the induction of aniline-p-hydroxylase only when administered in extremely high doses. Lower doses resulted in 'superinduciton'. (orig.) [de

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposite between poly(aniline-co-m-chloroaniline)–copper sulfide nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abbas, Saeed J.; Rani, Mamta; Tripathi, S.K., E-mail: surya@pu.ac.in

2014-06-15

One dimensional nanostructures of poly(aniline-co-m-chloroaniline) nanocomposite (NC) with CuS nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared by template free method. CuS NPs are prepared by chemical method by using trisodium nitilotriacetate acid as a complexing agent. The materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The hexagonal structure of CuS NPs is confirmed from XRD results with lattice parameters, a=3.78 Å and c=16.288 Å. The diameter of CuS NPs is found to be 16 nm from TEM measurements. Different shapes such as NPs, nanorods and nanotubes structures are observed for poly(aniline-co-m-chloroaniline) whereas its NC with CuS NPs have nanorod and nanotube shapes. Significant shift in the absorption edge of CuS NC is observed in comparison with copolymer and CuS NPs. Also the thermal stability of CuS NC is improved as compared with a copolymer and CuS NPs.

Magnetism of aniline modified graphene-based materials

Science.gov (United States)

Komlev, A. A.; Makarova, T. L.; Lahderanta, E.; Semenikhin, P. V.; Veinger, A. I.; Tisnek, T. V.; Magnani, G.; Bertoni, G.; Pontiroli, D.; Ricco, M.

2016-10-01

The possibility of producing magnetic graphene nanostructures by functionalization with aromatic radicals has been investigated. Functionalization of graphene basal plane was performed with three types of anilines: 4-bromoaniline, 4-nitroaniline and 4-chloroaniline. The samples were examined by composition analysis with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and magnetic measurements by SQUID magnetometry and electron paramagnetic resonance. Initial graphene was produced by thermal exfoliation. Both pristine and functionalized samples demonstrate strong paramagnetic contribution at low temperatures, which originates from intrinsic defects. Attachment of an organic molecule with the formation of a covalent bond with carbon atom on the basal plane generates a delocalized spin in the graphene π - electron system. Nitroaniline proved to be the most suitable and sufficiently reactive to attach to the basal plane carbon atoms in large amounts. Functionalization of graphene with nitroaniline resulted in appearance both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic features with a clear antiferromagnetic transition near 120 K.

Effect of the intercalated cation-exchanged on the properties of nanocomposites prepared by 2-aminobenzene sulfonic acid with aniline and montmorillonite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Toumi, I. [Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Macromoleculaire et des Materiaux, Universite de Mascara, Bp 763 Mascara 29000 (Algeria); Benyoucef, A., E-mail: ghani29000@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Macromoleculaire et des Materiaux, Universite de Mascara, Bp 763 Mascara 29000 (Algeria); Yahiaoui, A. [Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Macromoleculaire et des Materiaux, Universite de Mascara, Bp 763 Mascara 29000 (Algeria); Quijada, C. [Departamento de Ingenieria Textil y Papelera, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Pza Ferrandiz i Carbonel, E-03801 Alcoy, Alicante (Spain); Morallon, E. [Departamento de Quimica Fisica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, E-03080 Alicante (Spain)

2013-02-25

Polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared. Intercalation of 2-aminobenzene sulfonic acid with aniline monomers into montmorillonite modified by cation was followed by subsequent oxidative polymerization of monomers in the interlayer spacing. The clay was prepared by cation exchange process between sodium cation in (M-Na) and copper cation (M-Cu). XRD analyses show the manifestation of a basal spacing (d-spacing) for M-Cu changes depending on the inorganic cation and the polymer intercalated in the M-Cu structure. TGA analyses reveal that polymer/M-Cu composites is less stable than M-Cu. The conductivity of the composites is found to be 10{sup 3} times higher than that for M-Cu. The microscopic examinations including TEM picture of the nanocomposite demonstrated an entirely different and more compatible morphology. Remarkable differences in the properties of the polymers have also been observed by UV-Vis and FTIR, suggesting that the polymer produced with presence of aniline has a higher degree of branching. The electrochemical behavior of the polymers extracted from the nanocomposites has been studied by cyclic voltammetry which indicates the electroactive effect of nanocomposite gradually increased with aniline in the polymer chain.

Photocatalytic Conversion of Nitrobenzene to Aniline through Sequential Proton-Coupled One-Electron Transfers from a Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dot

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jensen, Stephen C. [Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States; Bettis Homan, Stephanie [Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States; Weiss, Emily A. [Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States

2016-01-28

This paper describes the use of cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) as visible-light photocatalysts for the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline through six sequential photoinduced, proton-coupled electron transfers. At pH 3.6–4.3, the internal quantum yield of photons-to-reducing electrons is 37.1% over 54 h of illumination, with no apparent decrease in catalyst activity. Monitoring of the QD exciton by transient absorption reveals that, for each step in the catalytic cycle, the sacrificial reductant, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, scavenges the excitonic hole in ~5 ps to form QD•–; electron transfer to nitrobenzene or the intermediates nitrosobenzene and phenylhydroxylamine then occurs on the nanosecond time scale. The rate constants for the single-electron transfer reactions are correlated with the driving forces for the corresponding proton-coupled electron transfers. This result suggests, but does not prove, that electron transfer, not proton transfer, is rate-limiting for these reactions. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the QD–molecule systems shows that the photoproduct aniline, left unprotonated, serves as a poison for the QD catalyst by adsorbing to its surface. Performing the reaction at an acidic pH not only encourages aniline to desorb but also increases the probability of protonated intermediates; the latter effect probably ensures that recruitment of protons is not rate-limiting.

A novel magnetic poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite for micro solid phase extraction of rhodamine B

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagheri, Habib; Daliri, Rasoul; Roostaie, Ali

2013-01-01

Graphical abstract: -- Highlights: •A Fe 3 O 4 –aniline-naphthylamine nanocomposite was prepared via a simple route. •The magnetic nanocomposite was applied for isolation of RhB from water. •The nanocomposite applicability was compared with other pristine polymers. •The method was applied for the determination of RhB in different samples. -- Abstract: A novel Fe 3 O 4 –poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization process as a magnetic sorbent for micro solid phase extraction. The scanning electron microscopy images of the synthesized nanocomposite revealed that the copolymer posses a porous structure with diameters less than 50 nm. The extraction efficiency of this sorbent was examined by isolation of rhodamine B, a mutagenic and carcinogenic dye, from aquatic media in dispersion mode. Among different synthesized polymers, Fe 3 O 4 /poly(aniline-naphthylamine) nanocomposite showed a prominent efficiency. Parameters including the desorption solvent, amount of sorbent, desorption time, sample pH, ionic strength, extraction time and stirring rate were optimized. Under the optimum condition, a linear spiked calibration curve in the range of 0.35–5.00 μg L −1 with R 2 = 0.9991 was obtained. The limits of detection (3S b ) and limits of quantification (10S b ) of the method were 0.10 μg L −1 and 0.35 μg L −1 (n = 3), respectively. The relative standard deviation for water sample with 0.5 μg L −1 of RhB was 4.2% (n = 5) and the absolute recovery was 92%. The method was applied for the determination of rhodamine B in dishwashing foam, dishwashing liquid, shampoo, pencil, matches tips and eye shadows samples and the relative recovery percentage were in the range of 94–99%

Photocatalytic degradation of aniline using an autonomous rotating drum reactor with both solar and UV-C artificial radiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Durán, A; Monteagudo, J M; San Martín, I; Merino, S

2018-03-15

The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of a novel self-autonomous reactor technology (capable of working with solar irradiation and artificial UV light) for water treatment using aniline as model compound. This new reactor design overcomes the problems of the external mass transfer effect and the accessibility to photons occurring in traditional reaction systems. The UV-light source is located inside the rotating quartz drums (where TiO 2 is immobilized), allowing light to easily reach the water and the TiO 2 surface. Several processes (UV, H 2 O 2 , Solar, TiO 2 , Solar/TiO 2 , Solar/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 and UV/Solar/H 2 O 2 /TiO 2 ) were tested. The synergy between Solar/H 2 O 2 and Solar/TiO 2 processes was quantified to be 40.3% using the pseudo-first-order degradation rate. The apparent photonic efficiency, ζ, was also determined for evaluating light utilization. For the Solar/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 process, the efficiency was found to be practically constant (0.638-0.681%) when the film thickness is in the range of 1.67-3.87 μm. However, the efficiency increases up to 2.67% when artificial UV light was used in combination, confirming the efficient design of this installation. Thus, if needed, lamps can be switched on during cloudy days to improve the degradation rate of aniline and its mineralization. Under the optimal conditions selected for the Solar/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 process ([H 2 O 2 ] = 250 mg/L; pH = 4, [TiO 2 ] = 0.65-1.25 mg/cm 2 ), 89.6% of aniline is degraded in 120 min. If the lamps are switched on, aniline is completely degraded in 10 min, reaching 85% of mineralization in 120 min. TiO 2 was re-used during 5 reaction cycles without apparent loss in activity (Solar/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 process was found to have lower operation costs than other systems described in literature (0.67 €/m 3 ). Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Rhodium-catalyzed NH insertion of pyridyl carbenes derived from pyridotriazoles: a general and efficient approach to 2-picolylamines and imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines.

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Yi; Gulevich, Anton V; Gevorgyan, Vladimir

2014-12-15

A general and efficient NH insertion reaction of rhodium pyridyl carbenes derived from pyridotriazoles was developed. Various NH-containing compounds, including amides, anilines, enamines, and aliphatic amines, smoothly underwent the NH insertion reaction to afford 2-picolylamine derivatives. The developed transformation was further utilized in a facile one-pot synthesis of imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Wood Colorization through Pressure Treating: The Potential of Extracted Colorants from Spalting Fungi as a Replacement for Woodworkers’ Aniline Dyes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara C. Robinson

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The extracellular colorants produced by Chlorociboria aeruginosa, Scytalidium cuboideum, and Scytalidium ganodermophthorum, three commonly utilized spalting fungi, were tested against a standard woodworker’s aniline dye to determine if the fungal colorants could be utilized in an effort to find a naturally occurring replacement for the synthetic dye. Fungal colorants were delivered in two methods within a pressure treater—the first through solubilization of extracted colorants in dichloromethane, and the second via liquid culture consisting of water, malt, and the actively growing fungus. Visual external evaluation of the wood test blocks showed complete surface coloration of all wood species with all colorants, with the exception of the green colorant (xylindein from C. aeruginosa in liquid culture, which did not produce a visible surface color change. The highest changes in external color came from noble fir, lodgepole pine, port orford cedar and sugar maple with aniline dye, cottonwood with the yellow colorant in liquid culture, lodgepole pine with the red colorant in liquid culture, red alder and Oregon maple with the green colorant in dichloromethane, and sugar maple and port orford cedar with the yellow colorant in dichloromethane. The aniline dye was superior to the fungal colorants in terms of internal coloration, although none of the tested compounds were able to completely visually color the inside of the test blocks.

Sulfonato-imino copper(ii) complexes: fast and general Chan-Evans-Lam coupling of amines and anilines.

Science.gov (United States)

Hardouin Duparc, V; Schaper, F

2017-10-14

Sulfonato-imine copper complexes with either chloride or triflate counteranions were prepared in a one-step reaction followed by anion-exchange. They are highly active in Chan-Evans-Lam couplings under mild conditions with a variety of amines or anilines, in particular with sterically hindered substrates. No optimization of reaction conditions other than time and/or temperature is required.

Study of the rearrangement of N-alkylanilines to P-aminoalkylbencene. III. N-n-propil-l-14{sup C} aniline; Estudio de la transposicion de N-Alquilanilinas a p-Aminoalquibenceno mediante 14{sup C}. III. N-n Propilanilina

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molera, J M; Gamboa, J M; Val del Cob, M; Ortin, N

1964-07-01

The rearrangement of N-n-propyl aniline to p-amino propylbenzene has been studied at 250 degree centigrade using several catalysts: CoCl{sub 2}, ZnCl{sub 2} and HBr. N-propyl-1-14{sup C}-aniline has been synthesized from sodium propionate-1-14{sup C} through conversion to n-propyl-1-14{sup C}-iodide and further reaction with aniline. After the rearrangement and among the reaction products both p-aminopropylbenzene and p-aminoisopropylbencene were found. To determine the 14{sup C} position in both the starting aniline and reaction products two degradation schemes are followed. In the light of experimental evidence a mechanism is set forth based on the assumption of an organic cation as intermediate. (Author) 13 refs.

Di-tert-butyl N-[2,6-bis(methoxymethoxyphenyl]iminodiacetate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ben Capuano

2009-04-01

Full Text Available The title molecule, C20H31NO8, has pseudo-C2 symmetry about the C—N bond, with the bis(tert-butoxycarbonylamino group twisted from the benzene ring plane by ca 60° and the bulky tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc groups are orientated away from the substituted aniline group. As part of an antibacterial drug discovery programme furnishing analogues of platensimycin, we unexpectedly synthesized the bis-Boc-protected aniline.

42 CFR 476.86 - Correlation of Title XI functions with Title XVIII functions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Correlation of Title XI functions with Title XVIII functions. 476.86 Section 476.86 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF...) Qio Review Functions § 476.86 Correlation of Title XI functions with Title XVIII functions. (a...

The oxidation of aniline with p-benzoquinone and its impact on the preparation of the conducting polymer, polyaniline

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Stejskal, Jaroslav; Bober, Patrycja; Trchová, Miroslava; Horský, Jiří; Pilař, Jan; Walterová, Zuzana

2014-01-01

Roč. 192, June (2014), s. 66-73 ISSN 0379-6779 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA13-00270S Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : aniline * p-benzoquinone * 2,5-dianilino-p-benzoquinone Subject RIV: CD - Macromolecular Chemistry Impact factor: 2.252, year: 2014

Rapid and direct spectrophotometric method for kinetics studies and routine assay of peroxidase based on aniline diazo substrates.

Science.gov (United States)

Mirazizi, Fatemeh; Bahrami, Azita; Haghbeen, Kamahldin; Shahbani Zahiri, Hossein; Bakavoli, Mehdi; Legge, Raymond L

2016-12-01

Peroxidases are ubiquitous enzymes that play an important role in living organisms. Current spectrophotometrically based peroxidase assay methods are based on the production of chromophoric substances at the end of the enzymatic reaction. The ambiguity regarding the formation and identity of the final chromophoric product and its possible reactions with other molecules have raised concerns about the accuracy of these methods. This can be of serious concern in inhibition studies. A novel spectrophotometric assay for peroxidase, based on direct measurement of a soluble aniline diazo substrate, is introduced. In addition to the routine assays, this method can be used in comprehensive kinetics studies. 4-[(4-Sulfophenyl)azo]aniline (λmax = 390 nm, ɛ = 32 880 M(-1) cm(-1) at pH 4.5 to 9) was introduced for routine assay of peroxidase. This compound is commercially available and is indexed as a food dye. Using this method, a detection limit of 0.05 nmol mL(-1) was achieved for peroxidase.

Palladium-Catalyzed ortho C-H Arylation of Benzaldehydes Using ortho-Sulfinyl Aniline Transient Auxiliary.

Science.gov (United States)

Mu, Delong; He, Gang; Chen, Gong

2018-05-03

A PdII-catalyzed ortho-(Csp2)-H arylation reaction of benzaldehydes using catalytic amount of 2-methylsulfinyl-aniline as transient auxiliary was developed. This reaction is compatible with a broad range of benzaldehyde and aryl iodide substrates. Compared with other related reaction systems, an excellent regioselectivity for ortho-C(sp2)-H bonds over benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds was obtained for ortho-alkyl-benzaldehyde substrates. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Electrochemical synthesis of novel polymer based on (4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-6][1,4][dioxin-5-yl) aniline) in aqueous solution: Characterization and application

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shahhosseini, Leyla [Chemistry Department, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Nateghi, Mohammad Reza, E-mail: mnateghi@iauyazd.ac.ir [Chemistry Department, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Kazemipour, Maryam [Chemistry Department, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Borhani Zarandi, Mahmoud [Department of Physics, Yazd University, P.O. Box 97175/615, Yazd (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-07-01

4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-6][1,4][dioxin-5-yl) aniline, an interesting novel monomer was successfully synthesized in which α-carbon on ethylenedioxythiophene was linked to aniline at para position. The structure of the monomer was approved by infrared (IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and {sup 1}H nuclear magnetic resonance ({sup 1}H NMR) spectroscopies. Poly (4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-6][1,4][dioxin-5-yl) aniline) and its composite with graphene were electrochemically synthesized in aqueous solution by cyclic potential sweep method. The Polymer was characterized by IR and UV–vis spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Electrochemical synthesis conditions were optimized to prepare high conducting and porous polymer so it can be efficiently used as a counter electrode in fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells. Photovoltaic experiments revealed that energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell fabricated using polymer composite (7.52%) is 21% greater than that prepared by Pt counter electrode (6.19%). - Highlights: • A Novel monomer comprising aniline and EDOT was synthesized by a simple process. • Poly (ANI-EDOT) was synthesized and characterized by cyclic potential sweep method. • The copolymer changes from yellow at −0.9 V to dark green color at +0.9 V reversibly. • Poly (ANI-EDOT)/graphene is porous with electrocatalytic effect on I{sub 3}{sup −} reduction.

Electrochemical synthesis of novel polymer based on (4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-6][1,4][dioxin-5-yl) aniline) in aqueous solution: Characterization and application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shahhosseini, Leyla; Nateghi, Mohammad Reza; Kazemipour, Maryam; Borhani Zarandi, Mahmoud

2016-01-01

4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-6][1,4][dioxin-5-yl) aniline, an interesting novel monomer was successfully synthesized in which α-carbon on ethylenedioxythiophene was linked to aniline at para position. The structure of the monomer was approved by infrared (IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and "1H nuclear magnetic resonance ("1H NMR) spectroscopies. Poly (4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-6][1,4][dioxin-5-yl) aniline) and its composite with graphene were electrochemically synthesized in aqueous solution by cyclic potential sweep method. The Polymer was characterized by IR and UV–vis spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Electrochemical synthesis conditions were optimized to prepare high conducting and porous polymer so it can be efficiently used as a counter electrode in fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells. Photovoltaic experiments revealed that energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell fabricated using polymer composite (7.52%) is 21% greater than that prepared by Pt counter electrode (6.19%). - Highlights: • A Novel monomer comprising aniline and EDOT was synthesized by a simple process. • Poly (ANI-EDOT) was synthesized and characterized by cyclic potential sweep method. • The copolymer changes from yellow at −0.9 V to dark green color at +0.9 V reversibly. • Poly (ANI-EDOT)/graphene is porous with electrocatalytic effect on I_3"− reduction.

Synthesis, geometry optimization, spectroscopic investigations (UV/Vis, excited states, FT-IR) and application of new azomethine dyes

Science.gov (United States)

Shahab, Siyamak; Sheikhi, Masoome; Filippovich, Liudmila; Kumar, Rakesh; Dikusar, Evgenij; Yahyaei, Hooriye; Khaleghian, Mehrnoosh

2017-11-01

In the present work, the quantum theoretical calculations of the molecular structures of the four new synthesized azomethine dyes such as: (E)-N-(4-butoxybenzylidene)-4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)aniline (PAZB-6), (E)-N-(4-(benzyloxy)benzylidene)-4-((E))-phenyldiazenyl)aniline (PAZB-7), 4-((E)-4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenol (PAZB-8), (E)-N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-4-((E))-phenyldiazenyl)aniline (PAZB-9) have been predicted using Density Functional Theory in the solvent Dimethylformamide. The geometries of the azomethine dyes were optimized by PBE1PBE/6-31+G* level of theory. The electronic spectra of the title compounds in the solvent DMF was carried out by TDPBE1PBE/6-31+G* method. FT-IR spectra of the title compounds are recorded and discussed. Frontier molecular orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential, electronic properties, natural charges and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis of the mentioned compounds were investigated and discussed by theoretical calculations. The azomethine dyes were synthesized after quantum chemical modeling for optical applications. A new study of anisotropy of thermal and electrical conductivity of the colored stretched PVA-films have been undertaken.

20 CFR 404.535 - How much will we withhold from your title VIII and title XVI benefits to recover a title II...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How much will we withhold from your title... Officer § 404.535 How much will we withhold from your title VIII and title XVI benefits to recover a title II overpayment? (a) If past-due benefits are payable to you, we will withhold the lesser of the...

Kinetics of rapid covalent bond formation of aniline with humic acid: ESR investigations with nitroxide spin labels

Science.gov (United States)

Glinka, Kevin; Matthies, Michael; Theiling, Marius; Hideg, Kalman; Steinhoff, Heinz-Jürgen

2016-04-01

Sulfonamide antibiotics used in livestock farming are distributed to farmland by application of slurry as fertilizer. Previous work suggests rapid covalent binding of the aniline moiety to humic acids found in soil. In the current work, kinetics of this binding were measured in X-band EPR spectroscopy by incubating Leonardite humic acid (LHA) with a paramagnetic aniline spin label (anilino-NO (2,5,5-Trimethyl-2-(3-aminophenyl)pyrrolidin-1-oxyl)). Binding was detected by a pronounced broadening of the spectral lines after incubation of LHA with anilino-NO. The time evolution of the amplitude of this feature was used for determining the reaction kinetics. Single- and double-exponential models were fitted to the data obtained for modelling one or two first-order reactions. Reaction rates of 0.16 min-1 and 0.012 min-1, were found respectively. Addition of laccase peroxidase did not change the kinetics but significantly enhanced the reacting fraction of anilino-NO. This EPR-based method provides a technically simple and effective method for following rapid binding processes of a xenobiotic substance to humic acids.

The electronic spectra of benzo[b]thiete and transient o-thiobenzoquinonemethide. Spectral assignments on the basis of the electronic spectra of aniline, thiophenol, thioanisole, all-trans-octatetraene and transient o-xylylene in conjunction with quantum-chemical calculations

Science.gov (United States)

Schweig, Armin; Diehl, Frank; Kesper, Karl; Meyer, Hermann

1989-07-01

The electronic absorption spectra of benzo[b]thiete ( 1) and of transient o-thiobenzoquinonemethide ( 2) have been obtained. Semiempirical valence-electron calculations using the CNDO/S SECI, CNDO/S PERTCI and LNDO/S PERTCI methods and correlation diagrams using suitable reference compounds ad aniline, thiophenol, thioanisole, all-trans-octatetraene and o-xylylene are applied to the interpretation of the spectra. The results clearly reveal 1 as a typically donor-substituted benzene derivative and 2 as a polyene-like system closely related to o-xylylene.

Hydroamination reactions of alkynes with ortho-substituted anilines in ball mills: synthesis of benzannulated N-heterocycles by a cascade reaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Weiße, Maik; Zille, Markus; Jacob, Katharina; Schmidt, Robert; Stolle, Achim

2015-04-20

It was demonstrated that ortho-substituted anilines are prone to undergo hydroamination reactions with diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in a planetary ball mill. A sequential coupling of the intermolecular hydroamination reaction with intramolecular ring closure was utilized for the syntheses of benzooxazines, quinoxalines, and benzothiazines from readily available building blocks, that is, electrophilic alkynes and anilines with OH, NH, or SH groups in the ortho position. For the heterocycle formation, it was shown that several stress conditions were able to initiate the reaction in the solid state. Processing in a ball mill seemed to be advantageous over comminution with mortar and pestle with respect to process control. In the latter case, significant postreaction modification occurred during solid-state analysis. Cryogenic milling proved to have an adverse effect on the molecular transformation of the reagents. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Kinetic study of adsorption and degradation of aniline, benzoic acid, phenol, and diuron in soil suspensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dao, T.H.; Lavy, T.L.

1987-01-01

Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effects of low temperature and accelerated soil-solution contact on soil adsorption of labile organic chemicals. The authors measured the kinetics of adsorption and degradation of 14 C-aniline, 14 C-benzoic acid, 14 C-phenol, and 14 C-diuron in the solution phase at 3 and 22 0 C. In the initial stages of reactions, the adsorption of all four chemicals was instantaneous at both temperatures under accelerated soil and solution mixing. A steady state was observed after the onset of equilibrium for the adsorption reaction for all compounds within 10 to 30 min. Its length varied according to the expected order of susceptibility to microbial degradation, i.e., diuron > aniline > phenol ≥ benzoate. It was apparent that the steady-state period without or in combination with low temperature could be advantageously used to obtain adsorption measurements in microbially active systems. A mechanistic sorption-catalyzed degradation model was evaluated to uncouple mathematically these processes. The model described satisfactorily the disappearance of labile chemicals in soil suspensions. Numerical analysis allowed the concurrent determination of adsorption, desorption, and biodegradation rate coefficients

Simultaneous oxidation of aniline and tannic acid with peroxydisulfate: self-assembly of oxidation products from nanorods to microspheres

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Janoševic, A.; Ciric-Marjanovic, G.; Šljukic Paunkovic, B.; Pašti, I.; Trifunovic, S.; Marjanovic, B.; Stejskal, Jaroslav

2012-01-01

Roč. 162, 9/10 (2012), s. 843-856 ISSN 0379-6779 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA202/09/1626 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40500505 Institutional support: RVO:61389013 Keywords : copolymerization * anilin e * tannic acid Subject RIV: BK - Fluid Dynamics Impact factor: 2.109, year: 2012

Study of the rearrangement of N-alkylaniline to p-aminoalkylbencene. I. N-ethyl-l-{sup 1}4C-aniline; Estudio de la transposicion de N-alquilanilinas A p-Aminoalquilbenceno mediante {sup 1}4C

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molera, M J; Gamboa, J M; Val Cob, M del

1961-07-01

The rearrangement of N-ethylaniline to p-aminoethylbenzene has been studied over the temperature range 200-300 degree centigrade using different catalysts: Cl{sub 2}Co, Cl{sub 2}Zn, Cl{sub 2}Ni, Cl{sub 3}Al, Cl{sub 2}Cd and Br H.N-ethyl-1-{sup 1}4C-aniline has been synthesized from ethyl-1-{sup 1}4C-iodide and aniline and its rearrangement to p-aminoethyl-benzene proves that the ethyl group does not rearrange itself during the reaction. A scheme for the degradation of both the N-ethyl-1-{sup 1}4C aniline and the p-aminoethylbenzene produces is described. (Author) 14 refs.

Novel Synthetic Monothiourea Aspirin Derivatives Bearing Alkylated Amines as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norsyafikah Asyilla Nordin

2017-01-01

Full Text Available A new series of aspirin bearing alkylated amines moieties 1–12 were synthesised by reacting isothiocyanate with a series of aniline derivatives in overall yield of 16–56%. The proposed structures of all the synthesised compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR, and 1H and  13C NMR spectroscopy. All compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus via turbidimetric kinetic and Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Compound 5 bearing meta -CH3 substituent showed the highest relative inhibition zone diameter against tested bacteria compared to ortho and para substituent. Furthermore, aspirin derivatives bearing shorter chains exhibited better bacterial inhibition than longer alkyl chains.

Strong adsorbability of mercury ions on aniline/sulfoanisidine copolymer nanosorbents.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xin-Gui; Feng, Hao; Huang, Mei-Rong

2009-01-01

The highest Hg-ion adsorbance so far, namely up to 2063 mg g(-1), has been achieved by poly(aniline-co-5-sulfo-2-anisidine) nanosorbents. Sorption of Hg ions occurs mainly by redox and chelation mechanisms (see scheme), but also by ion exchange and physisorption.Poly(aniline (AN)-co-5-sulfo-2-anisidine (SA)) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical oxidative copolymerization of AN and SA monomers, and their extremely strong adsorption of mercury ions in aqueous solution was demonstrated. The reactivity ratios of AN and SA comonomers were found to be 2.05 and 0.02, respectively. While AN monomer tends to homopolymerize, SA monomer tends to copolymerize with AN monomer because of the great steric hindrance and electron-attracting effect of the sulfo groups, despite the effect of conjugation of the methoxyl group with the benzene ring. The effects of initial mercury(II) concentration, sorption time, sorption temperature, ultrasonic treatment, and sorbent dosage on mercury-ion sorption onto AN/SA (50/50) copolymer nanoparticles with a number-average diameter of around 120 nm were significantly optimized. The results show that the maximum Hg-ion sorption capacity on the particulate nanosorbents can even reach 2063 mg of Hg per gram of sorbent, which would be the highest Hg-ion adsorbance so far. The sorption data fit to the Langmuir isotherm, and the process obeys pseudo-second-order kinetics. The IR and UV/Vis spectral data of the Hg-loaded copolymer particles suggest that some mercury(II) was directly reduced by the copolymer to mercury(I) and even mercury(0). A mechanism of sorption between the particles and Hg ions in aqueous solution is proposed, and a physical/ion exchange/chelation/redox sorption ratio of around 2/3/45/50 was found. Copolymer nanoparticles may be one of the most powerful and cost-effective sorbents of mercury ions, with a wide range of potential applications for the efficient removal and even recovery of the mercury ions from aqueous solution.

A novel magnetic poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite for micro solid phase extraction of rhodamine B

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bagheri, Habib, E-mail: bagheri@sharif.edu; Daliri, Rasoul; Roostaie, Ali

2013-09-10

Graphical abstract: -- Highlights: •A Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–aniline-naphthylamine nanocomposite was prepared via a simple route. •The magnetic nanocomposite was applied for isolation of RhB from water. •The nanocomposite applicability was compared with other pristine polymers. •The method was applied for the determination of RhB in different samples. -- Abstract: A novel Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}–poly(aniline-naphthylamine)-based nanocomposite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization process as a magnetic sorbent for micro solid phase extraction. The scanning electron microscopy images of the synthesized nanocomposite revealed that the copolymer posses a porous structure with diameters less than 50 nm. The extraction efficiency of this sorbent was examined by isolation of rhodamine B, a mutagenic and carcinogenic dye, from aquatic media in dispersion mode. Among different synthesized polymers, Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}/poly(aniline-naphthylamine) nanocomposite showed a prominent efficiency. Parameters including the desorption solvent, amount of sorbent, desorption time, sample pH, ionic strength, extraction time and stirring rate were optimized. Under the optimum condition, a linear spiked calibration curve in the range of 0.35–5.00 μg L{sup −1} with R{sup 2} = 0.9991 was obtained. The limits of detection (3S{sub b}) and limits of quantification (10S{sub b}) of the method were 0.10 μg L{sup −1} and 0.35 μg L{sup −1} (n = 3), respectively. The relative standard deviation for water sample with 0.5 μg L{sup −1} of RhB was 4.2% (n = 5) and the absolute recovery was 92%. The method was applied for the determination of rhodamine B in dishwashing foam, dishwashing liquid, shampoo, pencil, matches tips and eye shadows samples and the relative recovery percentage were in the range of 94–99%.

Theoretical study on perylene derivatives as fluorescent sensors for amines

Science.gov (United States)

Lathiotakis, Nektarios N.; Kerkines, Ioannis S. K.; Theodorakopoulos, Giannoula; Petsalakis, Ioannis D.

2018-01-01

A theoretical study is presented on perylene diimide (PDI) and perylene monoimide (PMI) and their action as sensors of amines in solution. Density functional theory (DFT) and Time dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations are carried out on complexes of PDI and PMI with aniline in THF solution. The optimized geometries for the complexes have aniline lying parallel above the perylene at 3.15 Å and with binding energy of 0.53 eV in the ground state. The results on the excited states are consistent with a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. The effective aniline-perylene distance resulting from a Mulliken's approach is 3.61 Å.

2-Chloro-N-(3-chlorophenylbenzamide

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Thimme Gowda

2008-07-01

Full Text Available In the structure of the the title compound, C13H9Cl2NO, the N—H and C=O groups are mutually trans. Furthermore, the conformation of the C=O group is syn to the ortho-chloro group in the benzoyl ring, while the N—H bond is anti to the meta-chloro group in the aniline ring. The amide group forms dihedral angles of 89.11 (19 and 22.58 (37°, respectively, with the benzoyl and aniline rings, while the benzoyl and aniline rings form a dihedral angle of 69.74 (14°. The molecules are linked into infinite chains through intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Effect of methyl substituents on the electronic transitions in simple meso-aniline-BODIPY based dyes: RI-CC2 and TD-CAM-B3LYP computational investigation

Science.gov (United States)

Petrushenko, Igor K.; Petrushenko, Konstantin B.

2018-02-01

The S0 → Si, i = 1-5 electronic transitions of four 8-(4-aniline)-BODIPY and four 8-(N,N-dimethyl)-BODIPY dyes, differ by number and position of methyl substituents in the BODIPY frame, were investigated theoretically using ab initio the coupled cluster doubles (CC2) and TD-CAM-B3LYP methods. Methyl substituents in the BODIPY frame and the aniline fragment at the meso position disturb energy of local excitations S0 → S1, S0 → S3, and S0 → S4 weakly in comparison with the fully unsubstituted BODIPY molecule. These transitions in experimental spectra form the most long-wave absorption bands at ca. 500 nm as well as absorption bands in the region of 300-400 nm. At the same time, the presence of aniline fragments leads to the appearance of new S0 → S2 transitions of the charge transfer character in electronic spectra of BODIPYs. We also found a linear relationship between vertical energy of these charge transfer transitions and the electron donating power of an aniline fragment and electron accepting power of the BODIPY core depending on the number and position of methyl groups. The CC2 method provides the best overall description of the excitation energies in line with the experimental observations. On average, the quality of TD-CAM-B3LYP is almost equal to that of CC2, however the TD method with the CAM-B3LYP functional slightly underestimates the CT excitation energy.

Transition metal doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite for high performance supercapacitor electrode materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dhibar, Saptarshi; Bhattacharya, Pallab; Hatui, Goutam; Das, C.K., E-mail: chapal12@yahoo.co.in

2015-03-15

Highlights: • The CuCl{sub 2} doped copolymer (PANI and PPy)/MWCNTs nanocomposite was prepared. • The nanocomposite achieved highest specific capacitance of 383 F/g at a 0.5 A/g. • Nanocomposite exhibits better energy density as well as power density. • The nanocomposite also showed better electrical conductivity at room temperature. • The nanocomposite can be used as promising electrode materials for supercapacitor. - Abstract: In this present communication, copolymer of polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) that is poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) [poly(An-co-Py)], copper chloride (CuCl{sub 2}) doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) [poly(An-co-Py) Cu], and CuCl{sub 2} doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) [poly(An-co-Py) Cu CNT] nanocomposite have been prepared by a simple and inexpensive in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as dopant and investigated as high performance supercapacitor electrode materials. The possible interaction between CuCl{sub 2} with copolymers and MWCNTs was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV–visible spectroscopy analysis. The morphological characteristic of all the electrode materials were analyzed by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study. The electrochemical characterizations of all the electrode materials were carried out by three electrode probe method where, standard calomel electrode and platinum were used as reference and counter electrodes, respectively. Among all the electrode materials, poly(An-co-Py) Cu CNT nanocomposite achieved highest specific capacitance value of 383 F/g at 0.5 A/g scan rate. The nanocomposite showed better electrical conductivity at room temperature and also attained nonlinear current–voltage characteristic. Based on the superior electrochemical as well as other properties the as prepared

Transition metal doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite for high performance supercapacitor electrode materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dhibar, Saptarshi; Bhattacharya, Pallab; Hatui, Goutam; Das, C.K.

2015-01-01

Highlights: • The CuCl 2 doped copolymer (PANI and PPy)/MWCNTs nanocomposite was prepared. • The nanocomposite achieved highest specific capacitance of 383 F/g at a 0.5 A/g. • Nanocomposite exhibits better energy density as well as power density. • The nanocomposite also showed better electrical conductivity at room temperature. • The nanocomposite can be used as promising electrode materials for supercapacitor. - Abstract: In this present communication, copolymer of polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) that is poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) [poly(An-co-Py)], copper chloride (CuCl 2 ) doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole) [poly(An-co-Py) Cu], and CuCl 2 doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) [poly(An-co-Py) Cu CNT] nanocomposite have been prepared by a simple and inexpensive in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as dopant and investigated as high performance supercapacitor electrode materials. The possible interaction between CuCl 2 with copolymers and MWCNTs was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV–visible spectroscopy analysis. The morphological characteristic of all the electrode materials were analyzed by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study. The electrochemical characterizations of all the electrode materials were carried out by three electrode probe method where, standard calomel electrode and platinum were used as reference and counter electrodes, respectively. Among all the electrode materials, poly(An-co-Py) Cu CNT nanocomposite achieved highest specific capacitance value of 383 F/g at 0.5 A/g scan rate. The nanocomposite showed better electrical conductivity at room temperature and also attained nonlinear current–voltage characteristic. Based on the superior electrochemical as well as other properties the as prepared nanocomposite can be used

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2004): Special Issue 2004, Differential production of immune parameters by mouse strains ... agglutination and complement fixation tests in the field diagnosis ... List All Titles · Free To Read Titles This Journal is Open Access.

Poly (pyrrole-co-aniline) hollow nanosphere supported Pd nanoflowers as high-performance catalyst for methanol electrooxidation in alkaline media

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fard, Leyla Abolghasemi; Ojani, Reza; Raoof, Jahan Bakhsh; Zare, Ehsan Nazarzadeh; Lakouraj, Moslem Mansour

2017-01-01

In this work, first poly (pyrrole-co-aniline) (PPCA) hollow nanosphere (HN) as a catalyst support material is fabricated through in-situ emulsion polymerization. Then we reported a one-step and template-free approach to fabricate Pd NFs on a PPCA HN coated glassy carbon electrode by a facile electrochemical approach. Several techniques such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) were utilized for the characterization of the synthesized materials. The catalytic performance of Pd NFs/PPCA HN catalyst is evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy toward methanol oxidation as a model reaction in alkaline media. The comparison of specific activities for Pd NFs/PPCA HN (1.79 mA cm"−"2), Pd NFs/PPy (1.28 mA cm"−"2), Pd NFs/PANI (0.93 mA cm"−"2) and Pd NFs (0.78 mA cm"−"2) shows that the PPCA supported Pd NFs with high surface area exhibits the excellent electrocatalytic activity than other electrodes for the electro-oxidation reaction in alkaline media. This might be due to the easier charge transfer at conductive copolymer interfaces, higher electrochemically accessible surface areas and electronic conductivity. This strategy provides a promising platform for direct methanol fuel cells. - Highlights: • Pd nanoflowers supported on poly (pyrrole-co-aniline) hollow nanosphere is prepared by a facile electrochemical approach. • The as-prepared nanocatalyst displays the enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability for methanol oxidation. • The high performance is attributed to facile electron transfer on poly (pyrrole-co-aniline) hollow nanosphere substrate.

A facile synthesis of poly(aniline-co-o-bromoaniline) copolymer: Characterization and application as semiconducting material

Science.gov (United States)

Mahudeswaran, A.; Vivekanandan, J.; Vijayanand, P. S.; Kojima, T.; Kato, S.

2016-01-01

Poly(aniline-co-o-bromoaniline) (p(an-co-o-BrAn)) copolymer has been synthesized using chemical oxidation method in the hydrochloric acid medium. Copolymerization of aniline with o-bromoaniline of different compositions, such as 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:3 and 3:1 molar ratios were prepared. The synthesized copolymer is soluble in polar solvents like dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMF), Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP). The copolymer is analyzed by various characterization techniques, such as FTIR, UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), conductivity, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectrum confirms the characteristic peaks of the copolymer containing benzenoid and quinoid ring stretching. UV spectrum reveals the formation of π-π∗ transition and n-π∗ transition between the energy levels. XRD peaks reveal that the copolymer possesses amorphous nature. Morphological study reveals that the agglomerated particles form globular structure and size of the each particle is about 100 nm. The electrical conductivity of the copolymers is found in the range of 10-5Scm-1. These organic semiconductor materials can be used to fabricate thinner and cheaper environmental friendly optoelectronic devices that will replace the conventional inorganic semiconductors.

The N-salicylidene aniline mesogen: Microscopic and macroscopic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nesrullazade, A.

2004-01-01

The vast majority of compounds exhibiting Iiquid crystalline phases may be regarded as having a rigid molecular central group with one or two flexible terminal alkyl or alkyloxy chains. The N-saIicyIidene anilines are very interesting and important materials both from fundamental and application points of view. These materials are on the one hand the ligands used to obtain metal containing complexes and on the other hand they are materials having the thermotropic mesomorphism. In this work we present investigations of microscopic and macroscopic properties of the 4-(Octyloxy)-N-(4-hexylphenyl)-2-hydrobenzaIimine (8SA) compound which was synthesized by our group. The 8SA compound shows the smectic C and nematic mesophases. These mesophases are enantiotropic and display specific confocal and schlieren textures, respectively. Thermotropic and thermodynamical properties of the straight and reverse phase transitions between smectic C and nematic mesophases and between nematic mesophase and isotropic liquid have been investigated

INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-01-01

This is the nineteenth revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). It lists 10,797 journal titles which have contained articles within the scope of INIS. The purpose of this Authority List is to provide descriptive cataloguers with a standard abbreviation for journal titles and to assist users of INIS products with a tool for verifying the full title of a journal. A journal, or periodical, is generally published within a defined, fixed interval between issues, which usually has more than one issue a year, and which usually includes a mixture of articles, letters, summaries, etc. Within this definition, annuals such as Annual Review of Nuclear Science are included. Series titles as, for example the McGraw-Hill Series in Nuclear Engineering, are not included in this Authority. Entries: Each entry consists of: - the full journal title (highlighted); - the abbreviated title; - ISSN, if available; - CODEN, if available; - additional information related to the journal title. Arrangement: In Part I, the full journal titles are grouped by country or international organization name and ordered alphabetically, followed by the ISSN, the CODEN in square brackets if available, and then the abbreviated title. The abbreviated title is based on the rules of ISO 4: Documentation - International Code for the Abbreviation of Titles of Periodicals. The abbreviations of the words are taken from the ISDS List of Periodical Title Word Abbreviation. In Part II, the order of the citations is reversed: the abbreviated journal titles are arranged alphabetically, followed by country code. Then the full journal titles are followed by the country of publication, and if available, ISSN and CODEN. Additional Information: There is important information related to the journal titles which are fundamental for tracing the history of the title and the present status. They are listed below and are entered whenever applicable: - Ceased publication; - Superseded by

Title IX Resource Guide

Science.gov (United States)

Office for Civil Rights, US Department of Education, 2015

2015-01-01

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (Title IX) prohibits discrimination based on sex in education programs and activities in federally funded schools at all levels. If any part of a school district or college receives any Federal funds for any purpose, all of the operations of the district or college are covered by Title IX. The essence…

Getting to one from title 10 + title 32 unity of effort in the homeland

OpenAIRE

Prosch, Caroline Ross.

2011-01-01

CHDS State/Local Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited This thesis bridges the knowledge gap between Title 10 Active Duty and Title 32 National Guard in order to breakdown cultural barriers and reach unity of effort for response operations in the homeland. Regrettably, a unified response was missing among Title 10 Active Duty and Title 32 National Guard members following Hurricane Katrina. Since then, initiatives based in doctrine, statutes and formal recommendations...

Synthesis and spectroscopic study of 2,7-diethylamino-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl benzothiazole-6-sulfonyl chlorides and its derivatives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salma M.Z. Al-Kindy

2017-02-01

The electronic absorption and emission spectra of the label and its derivatives in organic solvents of different polarity, micellar systems and in aqueous buffered media are investigated. The label and its derivatives exhibited more or less the same excitation and emission wavelength around 470 and 520 nm, respectively. Maximum fluorescence quantum yield for aniline derivative was observed in ethyl acetate while minimum yield was observed in water. In micellar systems, maximum quantum yield was observed in the presence of Tw-20 for the label while proline derivative gave maximum enhancement in the presence of Tw-80. The results reflect the importance of medium effect on the fluorescence intensity and molar absorptivity of the label and its derivatives.

Iridium- and ruthenium-catalysed synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles from anilines and vicinal diols

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tursky, Matyas; Lorentz-Petersen, Linda Luise Reeh; Olsen, L. B.

2010-01-01

A straightforward and atom-economical method is described for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles. Anilines and 1,2-diols are condensed under neat conditions with catalytic amounts of either [Cp*IrCl2](2)/MsOH or RuCl3 center dot xH(2)O/phosphine (phosphine = PPh3 or xantphos). The reactio...... the alpha-hydroxyimine which rearranges to the corresponding alpha-aminoketone. Acid-or metal-catalysed electrophilic ring-closure with the release of water then furnishes the indole product....

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 601 - 650 of 788 ... Browse Title Index ... Issue, Title ... Vol 14, No 1 (2006), Social science research: a critique of quantitative and qualitative methods ... Vol 18, No 1 (2010), Stress among part-time business students: a study in a Ghanaian ...

20 CFR 408.931 - How much will we withhold from your title II and title XVI benefits to recover a title VIII...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How much will we withhold from your title II... and Overpayments Adjustment of Title II Benefits § 408.931 How much will we withhold from your title...-due benefits. (b)(1) We will collect the overpayment from current monthly benefits due in a month...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 200 of 229 ... Browse Title Index ... Issue, Title. Vol 14, No 2 ... Vol 15, No 1 (2017), Qualitative and quantitative methods of suicide research in old age, Abstract PDF ... Vol 11, No 2 (2013), Simple Algorithm in the Management of Fetal ...

Magnetism of aniline modified graphene-based materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Komlev, A.A., E-mail: KomlevAnton@hotmail.com [St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, St. Petersburg, 197376 (Russian Federation); Lappeenranta University of Technology, 53851 Lappeenranta (Finland); Makarova, T.L. [St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, St. Petersburg, 197376 (Russian Federation); Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg (Russian Federation); Lahderanta, E. [St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, St. Petersburg, 197376 (Russian Federation); Semenikhin, P.V.; Veinger, A.I.; Tisnek, T.V. [Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg (Russian Federation); Magnani, G. [Università degli studi di Parma, Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, 43124 Parma (Italy); Bertoni, G. [Istituto dei Materiali per l’Elettronica e il Magnetismo(IMEM-CNR), 43124 Parma (Italy); Pontiroli, D.; Ricco, M. [Università degli studi di Parma, Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, 43124 Parma (Italy)

2016-10-01

The possibility of producing magnetic graphene nanostructures by functionalization with aromatic radicals has been investigated. Functionalization of graphene basal plane was performed with three types of anilines: 4-bromoaniline, 4-nitroaniline and 4-chloroaniline. The samples were examined by composition analysis with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and magnetic measurements by SQUID magnetometry and electron paramagnetic resonance. Initial graphene was produced by thermal exfoliation. Both pristine and functionalized samples demonstrate strong paramagnetic contribution at low temperatures, which originates from intrinsic defects. Attachment of an organic molecule with the formation of a covalent bond with carbon atom on the basal plane generates a delocalized spin in the graphene π – electron system. Nitroaniline proved to be the most suitable and sufficiently reactive to attach to the basal plane carbon atoms in large amounts. Functionalization of graphene with nitroaniline resulted in appearance both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic features with a clear antiferromagnetic transition near 120 K. - Highlights: • Graphene was produced and functionalized by chloro-, bromo- and nitroaniline. • Nitroaniline was found to be the most suitable compound for functionalization. • Both SQUID and EPR revealed a carbon-related antiferromagnetic transition near 120 K. • Antiferomagnetic interactions are attributed to the extended defects on basal plane.

Magnetism of aniline modified graphene-based materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Komlev, A.A.; Makarova, T.L.; Lahderanta, E.; Semenikhin, P.V.; Veinger, A.I.; Tisnek, T.V.; Magnani, G.; Bertoni, G.; Pontiroli, D.; Ricco, M.

2016-01-01

The possibility of producing magnetic graphene nanostructures by functionalization with aromatic radicals has been investigated. Functionalization of graphene basal plane was performed with three types of anilines: 4-bromoaniline, 4-nitroaniline and 4-chloroaniline. The samples were examined by composition analysis with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and magnetic measurements by SQUID magnetometry and electron paramagnetic resonance. Initial graphene was produced by thermal exfoliation. Both pristine and functionalized samples demonstrate strong paramagnetic contribution at low temperatures, which originates from intrinsic defects. Attachment of an organic molecule with the formation of a covalent bond with carbon atom on the basal plane generates a delocalized spin in the graphene π – electron system. Nitroaniline proved to be the most suitable and sufficiently reactive to attach to the basal plane carbon atoms in large amounts. Functionalization of graphene with nitroaniline resulted in appearance both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic features with a clear antiferromagnetic transition near 120 K. - Highlights: • Graphene was produced and functionalized by chloro-, bromo- and nitroaniline. • Nitroaniline was found to be the most suitable compound for functionalization. • Both SQUID and EPR revealed a carbon-related antiferromagnetic transition near 120 K. • Antiferomagnetic interactions are attributed to the extended defects on basal plane.

Corrosion inhibition of aluminum with a series of aniline monomeric surfactants and their analog polymers in 0.5 M HCl solution

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.M. El-Deeb

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The inhibition effect of 3-(12-sodiumsulfonate dodecyloxy aniline monomeric surfactant (MC12 and its analog polymer Poly 3-(dodecyloxy sulfonic acid aniline (PC12 on the corrosion of aluminum in 0.5 M HCl solution was investigated using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The presence of these two compounds in 0.5 M HCl inhibits the corrosion of aluminum without modifying the mechanism of corrosion process. It was found that these inhibitors act as mixed-type inhibitors with anodic predominance as well as the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentration, but decreases with raising temperature. Langmuir and Frumkin adsorption isotherms fit well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic functions for both dissolution and adsorption processes were determined. The obtained results from weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques are in good agreement with contact angle measurements.

The synthesis of 7-chloro-5-pentadeuteriophenyl-1-methyl-1H-1, 5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H, 5H)dione ([2H5]clobazam)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borel, A.G.; Abbott, F.S.

1990-01-01

Pentadeuteriophenyl clobazam was synthesized in essentially quantitative isotopic purity, and characterized by 1 H-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The title compound was found to be >98% pure by HPLC, and its retention time (t R 6.17 min) was less than that of an authentic clobazam standard (t R 6.32 min). Of the five steps in the synthesis of clobazam, the most susceptible to deuterium exchange was the nucleophilic substitution of 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene by aniline-d 7 to form N-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)penta-deuteriophenylamine. In this step, the isotopic impurity aniline-2,3,4,5-d 5 introduced protons from nitrogen into the ortho and para positions of the deuteriophenyl ring of N-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)pentadeuteriophenylamine. (author)

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-03-01

This is the twenty-ninth revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). It lists the titles of 12 990 journals which have contained articles within the scope of INIS. The purpose of this report is to provide descriptive cataloguers with a standard entry for the full title of a journal. In addition to the full journal title, the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number), administered by the ISSN International Centre, Paris, France, and/or CODEN, assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service, USA, are given in this manual. In order to help the reader to find titles easily, the list is divided into two parts. In Part I, the full journal titles are grouped by country or international organization responsible for coverage and ordered alphabetically. In Part II, the full journal titles of all countries or international organizations are arranged alphabetically. The country name or the international organization name responsible for coverage of the journal title to INIS is entered in parentheses. Journal titles marked with an asterisk are regularly scanned by INIS. Titles that have been identified by INIS Centres as 'Key Journals' are marked with the hash sign.

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This is the twenty-ninth revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). It lists the titles of 12 990 journals which have contained articles within the scope of INIS. The purpose of this report is to provide descriptive cataloguers with a standard entry for the full title of a journal. In addition to the full journal title, the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number), administered by the ISSN International Centre, Paris, France, and/or CODEN, assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service, USA, are given in this manual. In order to help the reader to find titles easily, the list is divided into two parts. In Part I, the full journal titles are grouped by country or international organization responsible for coverage and ordered alphabetically. In Part II, the full journal titles of all countries or international organizations are arranged alphabetically. The country name or the international organization name responsible for coverage of the journal title to INIS is entered in parentheses. Journal titles marked with an asterisk are regularly scanned by INIS. Titles that have been identified by INIS Centres as 'Key Journals' are marked with the hash sign

Biocompatible Electroactive Tetra(aniline)-Conjugated Peptide Nanofibers for Neural Differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Arioz, Idil; Erol, Ozlem; Bakan, Gokhan; Dikecoglu, F Begum; Topal, Ahmet E; Urel, Mustafa; Dana, Aykutlu; Tekinay, Ayse B; Guler, Mustafa O

2018-01-10

Peripheral nerve injuries cause devastating problems for the quality of patients' lives, and regeneration following damage to the peripheral nervous system is limited depending on the degree of the damage. Use of nanobiomaterials can provide therapeutic approaches for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Electroactive biomaterials, in particular, can provide a promising cure for the regeneration of nerve defects. Here, a supramolecular electroactive nanosystem with tetra(aniline) (TA)-containing peptide nanofibers was developed and utilized for nerve regeneration. Self-assembled TA-conjugated peptide nanofibers demonstrated electroactive behavior. The electroactive self-assembled peptide nanofibers formed a well-defined three-dimensional nanofiber network mimicking the extracellular matrix of the neuronal cells. Neurite outgrowth was improved on the electroactive TA nanofiber gels. The neural differentiation of PC-12 cells was more advanced on electroactive peptide nanofiber gels, and these biomaterials are promising for further use in therapeutic neural regeneration applications.

Silicene Catalyzed Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Aniline: a Computational Study

Science.gov (United States)

Morrissey, Christopher; He, Haiying

The reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline has a broad range of applications in the production of rubbers, dyes, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Currently, use of metal catalysts is the most popular method of performing this reaction on a large scale. These metal catalysts usually require high-temperature and/or high-pressure reaction conditions, and produce hazardous chemicals. This has led to a call for more environmentally friendly nonmetal catalysts. Recent studies suggest that silicene, the recently discovered silicon counterpart of graphene, could potentially work as a nonmetal catalyst due to its unique electronic property and strong interactions with molecules containing nitrogen and oxygen. In this computational study, we have investigated the plausibility of using silicene as a catalyst for the reduction of nitrobenzene. Possible reaction mechanisms will be discussed with a highlight of the difference between silicene and metal catalysts. . All calculations were performed in the framework of density functional theory.

Novel 6FDA-based polyimides derived from sterically hindered Tröger's base diamines: Synthesis and gas permeation properties

KAUST Repository

Ghanem, Bader

2016-04-30

Two novel Tröger\\'s base-based di-o-substituted diamine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare two intrinsically microporous 6FDA-based polyimides (PIM-PI-TB-1 and PIM-PI-TB-2) with high molecular weight, high thermal stability and excellent solubility in common organic solvents. Compared to previously reported methods for preparing TB-based diamines, which are based on reduction of dimerized nitro-substituted anilines or condensation of phenylenediamine derivatives with dianhydrides, the novel protocol can be used to prepare different functionalized TB-based diamine monomers from a wide variety of aniline derivatives. PIM-PI-TB-1 (made from 6FDA and dibromo-tetramethyl-substituted TB diamine) and PIM-PI-TB-2 (made from 6FDA and tetramethyl-substituted TB diamine) are intrinsically microporous polymers with high BET surface areas of 440 m2/g and 580 m2/g, respectively. Pure-gas permeability coefficients of He, H2, N2, O2, CH4, and CO2 were measured at 35 °C and 2 bar for fresh and 180 days aged films. Both TB-based polyimides exhibited high gas permeability with moderate selectivity. The gas permeability dropped significantly coupled with a moderate increase in selectivity after long-term physical aging of 180 days.

Novel 6FDA-based polyimides derived from sterically hindered Tröger's base diamines: Synthesis and gas permeation properties

KAUST Repository

Ghanem, Bader; Alaslai, Nasser Y.; Miao, Xiaohe; Pinnau, Ingo

2016-01-01

Two novel Tröger's base-based di-o-substituted diamine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare two intrinsically microporous 6FDA-based polyimides (PIM-PI-TB-1 and PIM-PI-TB-2) with high molecular weight, high thermal stability and excellent solubility in common organic solvents. Compared to previously reported methods for preparing TB-based diamines, which are based on reduction of dimerized nitro-substituted anilines or condensation of phenylenediamine derivatives with dianhydrides, the novel protocol can be used to prepare different functionalized TB-based diamine monomers from a wide variety of aniline derivatives. PIM-PI-TB-1 (made from 6FDA and dibromo-tetramethyl-substituted TB diamine) and PIM-PI-TB-2 (made from 6FDA and tetramethyl-substituted TB diamine) are intrinsically microporous polymers with high BET surface areas of 440 m2/g and 580 m2/g, respectively. Pure-gas permeability coefficients of He, H2, N2, O2, CH4, and CO2 were measured at 35 °C and 2 bar for fresh and 180 days aged films. Both TB-based polyimides exhibited high gas permeability with moderate selectivity. The gas permeability dropped significantly coupled with a moderate increase in selectivity after long-term physical aging of 180 days.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 201 - 250 of 488 ... African Journal of Paediatric Surgery. ... Ileocecal valve atresia: Introduction of a new surgical approach ... Vol 4, No 1 (2007), Isolated Bilateral Macrostomia: Case Series and ... Vol 9, No 2 (2012), Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in ... List All Titles · Free To Read Titles This Journal is Open Access.

Localization of sites modified during inactivation of the bovine heart mitochondrial F1-ATPase by quinacrine mustard using [3H]aniline as a probe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bullough, D.A.; Ceccarelli, E.A.; Verburg, J.G.; Allison, W.S.

1989-01-01

The aziridinium of purified quinacrine mustard at 50 microM inactivates the bovine heart mitochondrial F1-ATPase with a pseudo-first order rate constant of 0.07 min-1 at pH 7.0 and 23 degrees C. An apparent Kd of 27 microM for the enzyme-reagent complex was estimated from the dependence of the rate of inactivation on the concentration of quinacrine mustard. The pH inactivation profile revealed that deprotonation of a group with a pKa of about 6.7 is necessary for inactivation. The amount of reagent incorporated into the protein increased linearly with the extent of inactivation. Complete inactivation was estimated to occur when 3 mol of reagent were incorporated/mol of F1. Enzyme, in which steady state ATPase was inactivated by 98% by quinacrine mustard, hydrolyzed substoichiometric ATP with zero order kinetics suggesting that residual activity is catalyzed by F1 in which at least one beta subunit is modified. By exploiting the reactivity of the aziridinium of covalently attached reagent with [3H] aniline, sites modified by quinacrine mustard were labeled with 3H. Isolation of radioactive cyanogen bromide peptides derived from F1 inactivated with the reagent in the presence of [3H]aniline which were identified by sequence analysis and sequence analyses of radioactive tryptic fragments arising from them have revealed the following. About two thirds of the radioactivity incorporated into the enzyme during inactivation is apparently esterified to one or more of the carboxylic acid side chains in a CNBr-tryptic fragment of the beta subunit with the sequence: 394DELSEEDK401. The remainder of the radioactivity is associated with at least two sites within the cyanogen bromide peptide containing residues 293-358 of the beta subunit

DNA-directed alkylating ligands as potential antitumor agents: sequence specificity of alkylation by intercalating aniline mustards.

Science.gov (United States)

Prakash, A S; Denny, W A; Gourdie, T A; Valu, K K; Woodgate, P D; Wakelin, L P

1990-10-23

The sequence preferences for alkylation of a series of novel parasubstituted aniline mustards linked to the DNA-intercalating chromophore 9-aminoacridine by an alkyl chain of variable length were studied by using procedures analogous to Maxam-Gilbert reactions. The compounds alkylate DNA at both guanine and adenine sites. For mustards linked to the acridine by a short alkyl chain through a para O- or S-link group, 5'-GT sequences are the most preferred sites at which N7-guanine alkylation occurs. For analogues with longer chain lengths, the preference of 5'-GT sequences diminishes in favor of N7-adenine alkylation at the complementary 5'-AC sequence. Magnesium ions are shown to selectively inhibit alkylation at the N7 of adenine (in the major groove) by these compounds but not the alkylation at the N3 of adenine (in the minor groove) by the antitumor antibiotic CC-1065. Effects of chromophore variation were also studied by using aniline mustards linked to quinazoline and sterically hindered tert-butyl-9-aminoacridine chromophores. The results demonstrate that in this series of DNA-directed mustards the noncovalent interactions of the carrier chromophores with DNA significantly modify the sequence selectivity of alkylation by the mustard. Relationships between the DNA alkylation patterns of these compounds and their biological activities are discussed.

Isotope exchange behaviour of nickel xanthate in presence of substituted anilines and isomeric picolines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naidu, G.R.K.; Naidu, P.R.

1981-01-01

The isotope exchange behaviour of nickel xanthate was investigated in the presence of aniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline and three picoline isomers at 25 deg C. The results showed that the labelled free nickel(II) replaces inactive nickel(II) in the complex. Hence the complex is labile in the presence of all bases except β- and γ-picolines. The observed lability has been attributed to an adduct formation between the complex and the bases. The inert behaviour observed in the presence of β- and ν-picolines has been ascribed to the steric effect of the methyl groups on the adduct formation. (author)

The use of Trametes versicolor laccase for the polymerization of aniline in the presence of vesicles as templates.

Science.gov (United States)

Junker, Katja; Kissner, Reinhard; Rakvin, Boris; Guo, Zengwei; Willeke, Martin; Busato, Stephan; Weber, Thomas; Walde, Peter

2014-02-05

The enzymatic polymerization of aniline to polyaniline (PANI) with Trametes versicolor laccase (TvL) as catalyst and dioxygen (O₂) as oxidant was investigated in an aqueous medium containing unilamellar vesicles with an average diameter of about 80 nm formed from AOT (=sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate). Compared to the same reaction carried out with horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) as catalyst and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) as oxidant, notable differences were found in the kinetics of the reaction, as well as in the characteristics of the PANI obtained. Under comparable optimal conditions, which are pH 3.5 for TvL/O₂ and pH 4.3 for HRPC/H₂O₂, the reaction with TvL/O₂ was much slower than with HRPC/H₂O₂, i.e. ≈27 days vs. 1 day reaction time to reach equilibrium with >90% yield at 25 °C. Although in both cases, aniline monomer coupling occurred mainly via the carbon atom in para position of aniline, UV-vis-NIR absorption and EPR measurements indicate that the reaction with TvL/O₂ yielded mainly overoxidized products (with λ(max)=730 nm). These products had a lower amount of unpaired electrons if compared with the products obtained with HRPC/H₂O₂ (with λ(max)≈1000 nm, which is characteristic for the polaron state of PANI-ES, the emeraldine salt form of PANI). Similarly to previous findings with HRPC/H₂O₂, enzyme inactivation occurred during the polymerization also in the case of TvL/O₂. Since the aqueous PANI-vesicle suspensions obtained are of high colloidal stability, they can be used directly as ink in a conventional thermal inkjet printer for printing on paper or on surface treated polyimide films. Printed PANI-ES patterns on paper changed colour from green (emeraldine salt) to blue (emeraldine base) upon exposure to ammonia gas, demonstrating the expected ammonia sensing properties. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The use of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-poly(aniline) composite for trypsin immobilisation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caramori, S.S. [Laboratorio de Quimica de Proteinas, Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiania-GO (Brazil)], E-mail: samanthabio@hotmail.com; Fernandes, K.F. [Laboratorio de Quimica de Proteinas, Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Cx. Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiania-GO (Brazil)], E-mail: katia@icb.ufg.br

2008-08-01

This paper presents trypsin immobilisation on strips of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-poly(aniline), activated with glutaraldehyde (PET-PANIG) composite. The photomicrography of the material showed changes corresponding to the chemical modifications produced in the steps of synthesis. The immobilisation process was very efficient under optimal conditions (18.6%). The immobilised and free enzyme presented the same pH and temperature optimum. PET-PANIG-trypsin was able to hydrolyse casein, albumin, gelatine, and skimmed milk. Km{sub app} value for PET-PANIG-trypsin was very close to Km of the free enzyme for casein. Immobilised trypsin showed higher stability than the free enzyme, with 100% activity after 14 days of storage at 4 deg. C and 100% operational stability after 4 cycles of use.

Adult Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Tolerance Induction in Nonhuman Primates for Vascularized Composite Allograft Transplantation

Science.gov (United States)

2017-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-16-2-0042 TITLE: Adult Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Tolerance Induction in Nonhuman Primates for Vascularized Composite...2017 2. REPORT TYPE Annual 3. DATES COVERED 30 Sep 2016 - 29 Sep 2017 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Adult Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Tolerance Induction...Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The utilization of adult derived adipose stem cells administration in composite tissue transplantation

STUDIES ON THE INITIATION MECHANISM OF ORGANIC PEROXIDE AND N-METHACRYLOYLOXYETHYL-N-METHYL ANILINE IN METHYL METHACRYLATE POLYMERIZATION

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

QIU Kunyuan; GUO Dajie; GUO Xinqiu; FENG Xinde

1990-01-01

The initiation mechanism of methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization by organic peroxide and polymerizable aromatic tertiary amine such as N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N-methyi aniline (MEMA) binary system has been studied. The kinetics of polymerization of MMA and the ESR spectra of organic peroxide/MEMA system were determined. Based on the ESR study and the end-group analysis by UV spectra of the polymer formed, the initiation mechanism is proposed.

Application of poly(aniline) as an ion exchanger for the separation of palladium, iridium, platinum and gold prior to their determination by neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, S.; Verma, R.; Gangadharan, S.

1993-01-01

The distribution coefficients of Pd II , Ir IV , Pt IV and Au III on poly(aniline) in 0.1-10 mol 1 -1 HCl were determined. They are strongly adsorbed at low acidities and the extent of adsorption decreases with increase in acidity, except for Au III , Palladium, Pt and Au are quantitatively eluted with 5% thiourea in 0.05 mol -1 HCl whereas the recovery of Ir is > 90% with 1% ascorbic acid followed by 10 mol -1 HCl. It was found that Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Ga and Ge are not retained on poly(aniline) at low acidities. This separation procedure was applied prior to the determination of Pd, Ir, Pt and Au in iron meteorite and PCC-1 standard rock by neutron activation analysis. (author)

Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP Immobilized Poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol Film Electrodes–fabrication and Evaluation as Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Seong-Ho Choi

2007-05-01

Full Text Available Enzyme modified electrodes were fabricated with poly(aniline-co-m-aminophenol. Electrochemical polymerization of aniline and m-aminophenol wasperformed to get the film of copolymer on the surface of gold electrode. Modifiedelectrodes were fabricated by two methods, physical entrapment and covalent cross-linking.In one of the method, gold nanoparticles were loaded into the copolymer film andhorseradish peroxidase (HRP was immobilized into the Au nanoparticle loaded copolymerfilm through physical entrapment. In the other method, the amino and -OH groups in thecopolymer are utilized to form covalent functionalization with HRP via glutaric dialdehydeas cross-linker/mediator. The conducting copolymer/enzyme modified electrodes preparedby physical entrapment/covalent functionalization of enzyme were tested forelectrocatalytic activities towards sensing of H2O2. Amperometric results indicate thatenzyme modified electrode via physical entrapment possesses better electrocatalyticperformance over covalent functionalized enzyme electrode.

Temperature dependent electrical properties of polyaniline film grown on paper through aniline vapor polymerization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deb, K.; Bera, A.; Saha, B.; Bhowmik, K. L.; Chattopadhyay, K. K.

2016-01-01

Polyaniline thin film has been prepared on paper by aniline vapor deposition technique. Ferric chloride has been used as polymerizing agent in this approach. The prepared films were studied through electrical resistivity and optical properties measurements. The electrical resistivity of the polyaniline film shows significant temperature dependence. The resistance sharply falls with the increase in temperature. The optical absorbance measurements shows characteristics absorbance peak indicating the formation of conducting emeraldine salt form of polyaniline. The optical energy band gap of the film was calculated from the transmittance spectra. The optical energy band gap and electrical conductivity of the polyaniline film is well suited for their applications in electronic devices.

Temperature dependent electrical properties of polyaniline film grown on paper through aniline vapor polymerization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deb, K.; Bera, A.; Saha, B., E-mail: biswajit.physics@gmail.com [Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, West Tripura 799046 (India); Bhowmik, K. L. [Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, West Tripura 799046 (India); Department of Chemistry, Bir Bikram Memorial College, Agartala, West Tripura 799004 (India); Chattopadhyay, K. K. [Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032 (India)

2016-05-23

Polyaniline thin film has been prepared on paper by aniline vapor deposition technique. Ferric chloride has been used as polymerizing agent in this approach. The prepared films were studied through electrical resistivity and optical properties measurements. The electrical resistivity of the polyaniline film shows significant temperature dependence. The resistance sharply falls with the increase in temperature. The optical absorbance measurements shows characteristics absorbance peak indicating the formation of conducting emeraldine salt form of polyaniline. The optical energy band gap of the film was calculated from the transmittance spectra. The optical energy band gap and electrical conductivity of the polyaniline film is well suited for their applications in electronic devices.

Temperature dependent electrical properties of polyaniline film grown on paper through aniline vapor polymerization

Science.gov (United States)

Deb, K.; Bhowmik, K. L.; Bera, A.; Chattopadhyay, K. K.; Saha, B.

2016-05-01

Polyaniline thin film has been prepared on paper by aniline vapor deposition technique. Ferric chloride has been used as polymerizing agent in this approach. The prepared films were studied through electrical resistivity and optical properties measurements. The electrical resistivity of the polyaniline film shows significant temperature dependence. The resistance sharply falls with the increase in temperature. The optical absorbance measurements shows characteristics absorbance peak indicating the formation of conducting emeraldine salt form of polyaniline. The optical energy band gap of the film was calculated from the transmittance spectra. The optical energy band gap and electrical conductivity of the polyaniline film is well suited for their applications in electronic devices.

32 CFR 644.62 - Title evidence.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... HANDBOOK Acquisition Procurement of Title Evidence, Title Clearance, and Closings § 644.62 Title evidence... and their charter to issue the same. They must also be financially sound and be willing and able to...

Title to mining properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crouch, K.M.

1976-01-01

The requirements of the law which must be met in order to create title to an unpatented mining claim and the procedures which should be followed when an attempt is made to determine the title to the claim is acceptable are reviewed

A Copper(II)-Paddlewheel Metal-Organic Framework with Exceptional Hydrolytic Stability and Selective Adsorption and Detection Ability of Aniline in Water.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Ya; Wang, Bin; Wang, Xiaoqing; Xie, Lin-Hua; Li, Jinping; Xie, Yabo; Li, Jian-Rong

2017-08-16

Copper(II)-paddlewheel-based metal-organic frameworks (CP-MOFs) represent a unique subclass of MOFs with highly predictable porous structures, facile syntheses, and functional open metal sites. However, the lack of high hydrolytic stability is an obstacle for CP-MOFs in many practical applications. In this work, we report a new CP-MOF, [Cu 4 (tdhb)] (BUT-155), which is constructed from a judiciously designed carboxylate ligand with high coordination connectivity (octatopic), abundant hydrophobic substituents (six methyl groups), and substituent constrained geometry (tetrahedral backbone), tdhb 8- [H 8 tdhb = 3,3',5,5'-tetrakis(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)-2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexamethylbiphenyl)]. BUT-155 shows high porosity with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of 2070 m 2 /g. Quite interestingly, this CP-MOF retains its structural integrity after being treated in water for 10 days at room temperature or in boiling water for 24 h. To the best of our knowledge, BUT-155 represents the first CP-MOF that is demonstrated to retain its structural integrity in boiling water. The high hydrolytic stability of BUT-155 allowed us to carry out adsorption studies of water vapor and aqueous organic pollutants on it. Water-vapor adsorption reveals a sigmoidal isotherm and a high uptake (46.7 wt %), which is highly reversible and regenerable. In addition, because of the availability of soft-acid-type open Cu(II) sites, BUT-155 shows a high performance for selective adsorption of soft-base-type aniline over water or phenol, and a naked-eye detectable color change for the MOF sample accompanies this. The adsorption selectivity and high adsorption capacity of aniline in BUT-155 are also well-interpreted by single-crystal structures of the water- and aniline-included phases of BUT-155.

4-N, N-bis(4-methoxylphenyl) aniline substituted anthraquinone: X-ray crystal structures, theoretical calculations and third-order nonlinear optical properties

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Liang; Zhang, Dingfeng; Zhou, Yecheng; Zheng, Yusen; Cao, Liu; Jiang, Xiao-Fang; Lu, Fushen

2017-08-01

In this paper, mono- and di-4-N,N-bis(4-methoxylphenyl)aniline-substituted anthraquinone have been designed and synthesized through Suzuki reaction. For mono-4-N,N-bis(4-methoxylphenyl)aniline-substituted anthraquinone, polymorphous crystal structures have been obtained in different crystallization conditions. Electrochemical characterization combined with theoretical calculation suggests that the addition of a second triphenylamine unit causes a larger band gap with higher lying LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) and HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital). The linear optical property shows that the introduction of a second triphenylamine unit bring about a significant hyperchromic effect with the extinction coefficients increasing from 11199 M-1 cm-1 to 22136 M-1 cm-1. The third-order nonlinear optical properties indicate that the introduction of a second triphenylamine unit lead to a much larger nonlinear absorption coefficient and two-photon absorption cross section, with the relevant value increasing from 2.04 × 10-12 cm W-1 to 3.91 × 10-12 cm W-1, and from 148 GM to 286 GM, respectively.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND DENSITY FUNCTIONAL ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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We synthesized a number of aniline derivatives containing acyl groups to compare their barriers of rotation around ... KEY WORDS: Monoacyl aniline, Synthesis, Density functional theory, Rotation barrier. INTRODUCTION. Developments in ...

Synthesis of liquid crystals derived from nitroazobenzene: a proposed multistep synthesis applied to organic chemistry laboratory classes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cristiano, Rodrigo; Cabral, Marilia Gabriela B.; Aquino, Rafael B. de; Cristiano, Claudia M.Z.

2014-01-01

We describe a synthetic route consisting of five steps from aniline to obtain liquid crystal compounds derived from nitroazobenzene. Syntheses were performed during the second half of the semester in organic chemistry laboratory classes. Students characterized the liquid crystal phase by the standard melting point techniques, differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. These experiments allow undergraduate students to explore fundamentally important reactions in Organic Chemistry, as well as modern concepts in Chemistry such as self-assembly and self-organization, nanostructured materials and molecular electronics. (author)

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

This is the 31st revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13,104 journal titles, 2,078 regularly scanned journals and 561 key journals. It was last updated in February 2005. The purpose of this report is to provide descriptive cataloguers with a standard entry for the full title of a journal. In addition to the full journal title, the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number), administered by the ISSN International Centre, Paris, France, and/or CODEN, assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service, USA, are given in this manual. In order to help the user find titles easily, the list is arranged in six parts, followed by summary statistics: In Part I, all key journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part II, all key journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. In Part III, all journals that are regularly scanned by INIS Centers are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part IV, all journals that are regularly scanned by INIS Centers are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. In Part V, all journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part VI, all journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2005-03-01

This is the 31st revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13,104 journal titles, 2,078 regularly scanned journals and 561 key journals. It was last updated in February 2005. The purpose of this report is to provide descriptive cataloguers with a standard entry for the full title of a journal. In addition to the full journal title, the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number), administered by the ISSN International Centre, Paris, France, and/or CODEN, assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service, USA, are given in this manual. In order to help the user find titles easily, the list is arranged in six parts, followed by summary statistics: In Part I, all key journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part II, all key journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. In Part III, all journals that are regularly scanned by INIS Centers are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part IV, all journals that are regularly scanned by INIS Centers are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. In Part V, all journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part VI, all journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2006-01-01

This is the 32nd revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13,231 journal titles, 2,125 regularly scanned journals and 555 key journals. It was last updated in February 2006. The purpose of this report is to provide descriptive cataloguers with a standard entry for the full title of a journal. In addition to the full journal title, the ISSN (International Standard Serial Number), administered by the ISSN International Centre, Paris, France, and/or CODEN, assigned by Chemical Abstracts Service, USA, are given in this manual. In order to help the user find titles easily, the list is arranged in six parts, followed by summary statistics: In Part I, all key journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part II, all key journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. In Part III, all journals that are regularly scanned by INIS Centres are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part IV, all journals that are regularly scanned by INIS Centres are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. In Part V, all journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. In Part VI, all journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the

Convenient synthesis of benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles through Brønsted acid catalyzed cyclization of 2-amino thiophenols/anilines with β-diketones.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayo, Muhammad Shareef; Yu, Xiaoqiang; Zhou, Xiaoyu; Feng, Xiujuan; Yamamoto, Yoshinori; Bao, Ming

2014-02-07

Brønsted acid catalyzed cyclization reactions of 2-amino thiophenols/anilines with β-diketones under oxidant-, metal-, and radiation-free conditions are described. Various 2-substituted benzothiazoles/benzimidazoles are obtained in satisfactory to excellent yields. Different groups such as methyl, chloro, nitro, and methoxy linked on benzene rings were tolerated under the optimized reaction conditions.

Beyer's non-linearity parameter (B/A) in benzylidene aniline Schiff base liquid crystalline systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagi Reddy, M.V.V.; Pisipati, V.G.K.M.; Madhavi Latha, D.; Datta Prasad, P.V.

2011-01-01

The non-linearity parameter B/A is estimated for a number of liquid crystal materials of the type N-(p-n-alkoxy benzylidene)-p-n-alkyl anilines, popularly known as nO.m, where n and m are the aliphatic chains on either side of the rigid core, which can be varied from 1 to 18 to realize a number of LC materials with a variety LC phase variants. The B/A values are computed from both density and sound velocity data following standard relations reported in literature. This systematic study in a homologous series provides an opportunity to study how this parameter behaves with (1) either the alkoxy and/or alkyl chain number, (2) with the total chain number (n+m), (3) with increase in molecular weight and (4) whether the linear relations reported in literature either with αT [thermal expansion coefficient (α) and temperature (T)] and sound velocity (u) will hold good or not and if so to what extent. The results are discussed with the body of data available in literature on liquids, liquid mixtures and other LC materials. -- Research highlights: → The Bayer's non-linearity parameter (B/A) is estimated for the first time for a number liquid crystal materials of the type N-(p-n-alkoxy benzylidene)-p-nalkyl anilines. → The magnitude of B/A estimated from sound velocity data is higher compared to that estimated thermal expansion data. → The B/A value decreases with increase in molecular weight with an even odd fashion and reaches a minimum value and saturates. → These studies reveal that both the thermal expansion coefficient and sound velocity are the tools to estimate the non-linear parameter B/A in the case of liquid crystals.

Combustion synthesis by reaction and characterization of nano ferrites: study of fuel aniline, citric and its mixture; Sintese por reacao de combustao e caracterizacao de nanoferritas Ni-Zn: estudo dos combustiveis anilina, acido citrico e sua mistura

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, M.C. da; Coutinho, J.P.; Costa, A.C.F.M., E-mail: normanda@ufcg.edu.br [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais; Kiminami, R.H.G.A. [Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), SP (Brazil). Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais; Freitas, N.L. de [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Tecnologia do Desenvolvimento

2012-07-01

The present study aims to evaluate the influence of aniline and citric acid used alone and combined in a ratio of 50% each in the characterization of NiZn ferrite synthesized by combustion reaction method in a muffle furnace. Measurements were made of temperature and reaction time. The nano-powders were characterized by XRD, EDX, textural analysis and SEM. The highest temperature was achieved by the reaction using the mixture of fuel and increased reaction time using citric acid. The nano ferrites using different fuels, and the mixture changed phases, the crystallite size and decreased surface area of the samples with aniline, citric acid and a mixture of both, respectively. The powder morphology ranged from presenting the formation of irregular blocks for the use of citric agglomerated in the form of skeins with aniline and a mixture to agglomerate larger particles. (author)

7 CFR 1927.55 - Title clearance services.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS TITLE CLEARANCE AND LOAN CLOSING Real Estate Title Clearance and Loan Closing § 1927.55 Title clearance services. (a) Responsibilities of closing agents. Services to be provided to the agency and the borrower by a closing agent in connection with the transaction vary depending on whether a title insurance...

Metabolic comparison of radiolabeled aniline- and phenol-phthaleins with 131I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avcibasi, Ugur; Avcibasi, Nesibe; Unak, Turan; Unak, Perihan; Mueftueler, Fazilet Zuemruet; Yildirim, Yeliz; Dincalp, Haluk; Guemueser, Fikriye Guel; Dursun, Ebru Rueksen

2008-01-01

The metabolic comparison of aniline- and phenol-phthaleins radiolabeled with 131 I ( 131 I-APH and 131 I-PPH, respectively) has been investigated in this study. To compare the metabolic behavior of these phthaleins and their glucuronide conjugates radiolabeled with 131 I, scintigraphic and biodistributional techniques were applied using male Albino rabbits. The results obtained have shown that these compounds were successfully radioiodinated with a radioiodination yield of about 100%. Maximum uptakes of 131 I-APH and 131 I-PPH, which were metabolized as N- and O-glucuronides, were observed within 2 h in the bladder and in the small intestine, respectively. In the case of verification of considerably up taking of these compounds also by tumors developed in the small intestine and in the bladder tissues, these results can be expected to be encouraging to test these compounds, which will be radiolabeled with other radioiodines such as 125 I, 123 I and 124 I as imaging and therapeutic agents in nuclear medical applications

Metabolic comparison of radiolabeled aniline- and phenol-phthaleins with (131)I.

Science.gov (United States)

Avcibaşi, Uğur; Avcibaşi, Nesibe; Unak, Turan; Unak, Perihan; Müftüler, Fazilet Zümrüt; Yildirim, Yeliz; Dinçalp, Haluk; Gümüşer, Fikriye Gül; Dursun, Ebru Rükşen

2008-05-01

The metabolic comparison of aniline- and phenol-phthaleins radiolabeled with (131)I ((131)I-APH and (131)I-PPH, respectively) has been investigated in this study. To compare the metabolic behavior of these phthaleins and their glucuronide conjugates radiolabeled with (131)I, scintigraphic and biodistributional techniques were applied using male Albino rabbits. The results obtained have shown that these compounds were successfully radioiodinated with a radioiodination yield of about 100%. Maximum uptakes of (131)I-APH and (131)I-PPH, which were metabolized as N- and O-glucuronides, were observed within 2 h in the bladder and in the small intestine, respectively. In the case of verification of considerably up taking of these compounds also by tumors developed in the small intestine and in the bladder tissues, these results can be expected to be encouraging to test these compounds, which will be radiolabeled with other radioiodines such as (125)I, (123)I and (124)I as imaging and therapeutic agents in nuclear medical applications.

National Ignition Facility Title II Design Plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumpan, S

1997-01-01

This National Ignition Facility (NIF) Title II Design Plan defines the work to be performed by the NIF Project Team between November 1996, when the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) reviewed Title I design and authorized the initiation of Title H design and specific long-lead procurements, and September 1998, when Title 11 design will be completed

24 CFR 202.12 - Title II.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... INSTITUTIONS AND MORTGAGEES Title I and Title II Specific Requirements § 202.12 Title II. (a) Tiered pricing—(1... rate up to two percentage points under the mortgagee's customary lending practices must be based on... after accounting for the value of servicing rights generated by making the loan and other income to the...

Preparation and Characterization of Conducting Polymer Latices by Chemical Polymerization of Aniline or Anisidine in Presence of Latex: Study of Their Electroactivity and Anti-Corrosion Properties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bakhshali Massoumi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Poly (vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate was prepared in presence of potassium persulphate as an oxidizing agent in aqueous solution of dodecylbenzene sulfonate sodium as an emulsifying agent. Then, aniline was polymerized by chemical oxidation method at three different concentrations of aniline monomer (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 M in toluene in presence of poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate in order to obtain polyaniline/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate. To prepare conducting-latex of polyanisidine/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate the same method was employed as above for aniline monomer in obtaining conducting polyaniline/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate latex. In addition, the purification of conducting-latex polymers, polyaniline/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate and polyanisidine/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate was conducted and preparation of tin layer films of conducting-latex polymers was carried out by casting method on glassy lames. The electroactivity properties of the prepared latex-polymers, polyaniline/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate and polyanisidine/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate were investigated by cyclic voltammetery (CV. The voltamogrames showed that the latex films were electroactive. Because of conductivity and electroactivity, the obtained films may find applications in anti-corrosion coatings. The anti-corrosion properties of conducting-latex polymers were studied on aluminum surface by impedance technique. The structure of the prepared conducting-latex polymers was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR. Finally, the electrical conductivity of synthesized conducting-latex polymers, polyaniline/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate and polyanisidine/poly(vinylacetate-co-butylmethacrylate was measured by four probe technique.

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2007-01-01

This is the 33rd revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13 396 journal titles, 2 170 regularly scanned journals and 578 key journals. It was last updated in February 2007. A journal - or periodical - is a continuing publication issued in a succession of discrete parts, usually bearing numbering and/or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. It is generally published within a defined, fixed interval between issues and normally appears more than once per year. It includes a mixture of articles, letters, summaries, etc. Within this definition, annuals such as the Annual Review of Nuclear Science are included, but series titles such as the McGraw-Hill Series in Nuclear Engineering are not. The purpose of this document is to provide descriptive cataloguers with standard elements to include in bibliographic level 'S' of the INIS record. These elements include field (tag) 229 (Full Journal Title), 320 (ISSN) and 321 (CODEN). The full journal title is mandatory, and either the ISSN or the CODEN must be included (both may appear). Instructions on how to use this and other elements of the INIS record format are found in INIS: Guide to Bibliographic Description (IAEA-INIS-1). In order to help the user find titles easily, the list is arranged in six parts, followed by summary statistics: - In Part I, all key journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. - In Part II, all key journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. - In Part III, all journals that are regularly scanned by

20 CFR 416.573 - How much will we withhold from your title II and title VIII benefits to recover a title XVI...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How much will we withhold from your title II... Payment of Benefits, Overpayments, and Underpayments § 416.573 How much will we withhold from your title...-due benefits. (b)(1) We will collect the overpayment from current monthly benefits due in a month by...

Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of C6-Schiff bases derivatives of chitosan.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Ruibo; Aotegen, Bayaer; Zhong, Zhimei

2017-12-01

C 6 -Schiff bases derivatives of chitosan were synthesized for the first time. C 2 -amino groups and C 3 -hydroxy groups were firstly protected by CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, and the C 6 -hydroxy was then transformed into aldehyde, which then reacted with anilines through nucleophilic addition to introduce the CN group at C 6 -position in chitosan chain. Finally, C 6 -Schiff bases derivatives of chitosan were got by the deprotection of C 2 -NH 2 with cation exchange resin. The structures and properties of the new synthesized products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13 C NMR, SEM image, and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activities of derivatives were tested in the experiment, and the results showed that the prepared chitosan derivatives had significantly improved antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The Cytotoxicity test showed that the prepared chitosan derivatives had low Cytotoxicity, compared with chitosan and C 2 -benzaldehyde Schiff bases of chitosan. This paper allowed a new method for the synthesis of Schiff bases of chitosan, which was enlightening. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2008-01-01

This is the 34th revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13 538 journal titles, 2 106 regularly scanned journals and 613 key journals. It was last updated in February 2008. A journal - or periodical - is a continuing publication issued in a succession of discrete parts, usually bearing numbering and/or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. It is generally published within a defined, fixed interval between issues and normally appears more than once per year. It includes a mixture of articles, letters, summaries, etc. Within this definition, annuals such as the Annual Review of Nuclear Science are included, but series titles such as the McGraw-Hill Series in Nuclear Engineering are not. The purpose of this document is to provide descriptive cataloguers with standard elements to include in bibliographic level 'S' of the INIS record. These elements include field (tag) 229 (Full Journal Title), 320 (ISSN) and 321 (CODEN). The full journal title is mandatory, and either the ISSN or the CODEN must be included (both may appear). Instructions on how to use this and other elements of the INIS record format are found in INIS: Guide to Bibliographic Description (IAEA-INIS-1). In order to help the user find titles easily, the list is arranged in six parts, followed by summary statistics: - In Part I, all key journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. - In Part II, all key journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. - In Part III, all journals that are regularly scanned by

Application of electrosynthesized poly(aniline-co-p-aminophenol) as a catechol sensor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Chuanxiang; Sun Cheng; Gao Yuhua

2009-01-01

Poly(aniline-co-p-aminophenol) (copolymer) film was used as a sensor to determine the presence of catechol, taking advantage of the ability of the film to effectively catalyze the oxidation of catechol. The copolymer served as an electron transfer mediator between the electrode surface and catechol in the solution. The response current of the catechol sensor depended on the applied potential, pH and temperature at a given concentration of catechol. At optimum conditions, the catechol sensor displayed an excellent electrocatalytic response to the detection of catechol in a concentration range from 5 to 500 μM with a detection limit of 0.8 μM. The effects of selected organic compounds on the response of the catechol sensor were studied. Together, these findings show that the catechol sensor exhibits a better selectivity towards interfering species and a better operational and storage stability

Land Titles and Rice Production in Vietnam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Van Den Broeck, Katleen; Newman, Carol; Tarp, Finn

In most of the empirical literature on land titling, the household is regarded as unitary, and land rights are found to have ambiguous effects on land allocation, investment and productivity. Using data from 12 provinces in Vietnam, we diversify land titles, and show in a household fixed effects...... analysis of plot level rice yields that land titles are indeed important. Only exclusively held titles have the expected positive effects, and the positive effect on yields is found in male headed households. Furthermore, a household level rice yield function reveals that exclusive user rights...... are inefficiency decreasing, while jointly held user rights have no efficiency effects. Finally, once the gender of the head of household is controlled for, exclusively held female titles have a greater positive effect on the efficiency of the household than that of male held titles...

Determination of the solid surface critical exponent β{sub 1} from contact-angle variation on approach to a wetting transition: Cyclohexane/aniline/quartz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pallas, Norman R., E-mail: Sam-7-iam@hotmail.com [BP Research Centre Warrensville, 4440 Warrensville Center Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44128 (United States)

2016-03-21

The three-phase contact angle (θ) for the system cyclohexane/aniline/quartz has been measured from drop shapes as a function of temperature on approach to the cyclohexane/aniline upper consolute solution temperature T{sub c}. The experiments employed exacting criteria previously established for thermodynamic-quality measurements at fluid interfaces. A first-order wetting transition from partial wetting to complete wetting was observed at a temperature T{sub w}, 2.12 K below T{sub c}. The contact angle vanishes at T{sub w}, scaling as cos θ ∼ |T − T{sub c}|{sup β{sub 1}−μ} for T < T{sub w} and cos θ = 1.0 for T{sub w} < T < T{sub c}. The experimental results give a value for β{sub 1} = 0.74 ± 0.03, in agreement with theoretical calculations. The data clearly rule out higher order contributions to the change in the contact angle near the critical point for this system. These results are in marked contrast to previous measurements on this system from measurements of capillary rise and meniscus curvature.

N-(2-Chlorophenyl-2-methylbenzamide

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Thimme Gowda

2008-08-01

Full Text Available In the structure of the title compound (N2CP2MBA, C14H12ClNO, the conformations of the N—H and C=O bonds are trans to each other. Furthermore, the conformation of the N—H bond is syn to the ortho-chloro group in the aniline ring and the C=O bond is syn to the ortho-methyl substituent in the benzoyl ring, similar to what is observed in 2-chloro-N-(2-chlorophenylbenzamide and 2-methyl-N-phenylbenzamide. The amide group makes almost the same dihedral angles of 41.2 (14 and 42.2 (13° with the aniline and benzoyl rings, respectively, while the dihedral angle between the benzoyl and aniline rings is only 7.4 (3°. The molecules in N2CP2MBA are packed into chains through N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Synthesis of hydroxy derivatives of limonene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ardashov, O V; Volcho, K P; Salakhutdinov, N F

2014-01-01

Synthetic routes to mono-, di- and trihydroxy derivatives of limonene are presented. Emphasis is given to the problems of regio- and stereoselectivity of transformations. Data on the isolation from natural sources and on the biological activities of the title compounds are given. The bibliography includes 107 references

Synthesis, characterization and biological behavior of some Schiff's and Mannich base derivatives of Lamotrigine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A.A. Kulkarni

2017-02-01

Full Text Available A series of various Schiff's and Mannich base derivatives (N1–2 & ND1–6 of Lamotrigine with isatin and substituted isatin were synthesized to get more potent anticonvulsant agents. The starting material for the synthesis of various new Schiff's and Mannich base derivatives was isatin (1H-indole- 2, 3-dione which in turn was prepared from substituted isonitrosoacetanilide using aniline. Lamotrigine reacts with isatin & substituted isatin gave Schiff's bases (N1–2 which on reaction with various secondary amines (dimethylamine, diethylamine, morpholine produced Mannich bases (ND1–6. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by using TLC, UV, FT-IR, 1HNMR and studied for their anticonvulsant activity. Anticonvulsant activity of all the derivatives was evaluated by MES method using phenobarbitone sodium & Lamotrigine as standard drugs and % reduction of time spent by animals in extension, flexion, clonus, and stupor phase were noted. Compounds ND-4 and ND-6 showed significant anticonvulsant activity when compared with that of standard drugs. The remaining all compounds show moderate activity. Biological activity data of the synthesized derivatives revealed that, the synthesized derivatives are good anticonvulsant agents as compared to Lamotrigine.

Quarterly title list for the period ending June 1980

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1980-01-01

The title list contains: a) 17 titles and abstracts of laboratory reports, b) 36 titles of publications (32 with abstracts), c) 13 titles of articles submitted for publication (12 with abstracts), and d) 72 titles of lectures (52 with abstracts.) (GG) [de

Title of the paper goes here second line

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

%%Please download if these packages are not included %%in your local TeX distribution %%txfonts,balance,textcase,float %% \\begin{document} %%paper title %%For line breaks, \\\\ can be used within title \\title{Title of the paper goes here\\\\ second line} %%author names are separated by comma (,) %%use \\and before ...

An Herbal Derivative as the Basis for a New Approach to Treating Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis

Science.gov (United States)

2017-09-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0396 TITLE: An Herbal Derivative as the Basis for a New Approach to Treating Post- Traumatic Osteoarthritis...TITLE AND SUBTITLE An Herbal Derivative as the Basis for a New Approach to Treating Post- Traumatic Osteoarthritis 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER...third goal. A) Major activities: i. In vivo analysis and comparison of the efficacy of systemic HF and Hfol in the DMM mouse model of PTOA. ii

INIS: Authority list for journal titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-01-01

This is the 35th revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13 750 journal titles, 1 965 regularly scanned journals and 593 key journals. It was last updated in March 2009. A journal - or periodical - is a continuing publication issued in a succession of discrete parts, usually bearing numbering and/or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. It is generally published within a defined, fixed interval between issues and normally appears more than once per year. It includes a mixture of articles, letters, summaries, etc. Within this definition, annuals such as the Annual Review of Nuclear Science are included, but series titles such as the McGraw-Hill Series in Nuclear Engineering are not. The purpose of this document is to provide descriptive cataloguers with standard elements to include in bibliographic level 'S' of the INIS record. These elements include field (tag) 229 (Full Journal Title), 320 (ISSN) and 321 (CODEN). The full journal title is mandatory, and either the ISSN or the CODEN must be included (both may appear). Instructions on how to use this and other elements of the INIS record format are found in INIS: Guide to Bibliographic Description (IAEA-INIS-1). In order to help the user find titles easily, the list is arranged in six parts, followed by summary statistics: - In Part I, all key journals are grouped under the name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS, then sorted alphabetically under their title. - In Part II, all key journals are sorted alphabetically under their title. The name of the country or international organization responsible for their input in INIS is entered in parentheses within the body of the entry. - In Part III, all journals that are regularly scanned by the

An electron conductive polymer, poly-aniline, in gas separation: optimisation of transport properties by alternated acid-base treatment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rebattet, Laurence

1994-01-01

The objective of this research thesis is to study the variation of gas permeation properties of poly-aniline during a doping/de-doping/re-doping cycle, and to study the evolution of the separation power of this polymer. Scanning electronic microscopy is used to study the microstructure and more particularly how the doping agent is distributed within the polymer. Permeabilities, diffusion coefficients, sorption solubilities and interaction energies are measured by using coupled permeation and micro-gravimetry-calorimetry methods. A range of gases (H 2 , O 2 , CO 2 , N 2 , CH 4 ) is analysed [fr

24 CFR 203.385 - Types of satisfactory title evidence.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Types of satisfactory title... Title Waivers § 203.385 Types of satisfactory title evidence. The following types of title evidence shall be satisfactory to the Commissioner: (a) Fee or owner's title policy. A fee or owner's policy of...

Corrosion Protection of Carbon Steel Using Poly aniline Composite with Inorganic Pigments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Dulaimi, A.A.; Shahrir Hashim; Khan, M.I.

2011-01-01

Two inorganic pigments (TiO 2 and SiO 2 ) were used to prepare composites with poly aniline (PANI) by situ polymerization method. PANI and PANI composites with SiO 2 and TiO 2 were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The morphology of the synthesized pigments (PANI , PANI-SiO 2 and PANI-TiO 2 ) was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Samples were then used as pigments through blending them with acrylic paint and applied on the surface of carbon steel panels. Corrosion was evaluated for coating of carbon steel panels through full immersion test up to standard ASTMG 31. Mass loss was calculated after they have been exposed in acidic media. A digital camera was also used for monitoring corrosion visually on the surface of carbon steel specimens. The results revealed that acrylic paint pigmented by PANI-SiO 2 composite was more efficient in corrosion protection for carbon steel compared with the other synthesized pigments. (author)

Evaluation of the aniline chemical oxidation process using multiple simultaneous electrochemical responses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cristovan, Fernando H.; Lemos, Sherlan G.; Santos, Janaina S.; Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco; Pereira, Ernesto C.; Mattoso, Luiz H.C.; Kulkarni, Rashmi; Manohar, Sanjeev K.

2010-01-01

In this paper we show the simultaneous evaluation of the electrochemical impedance, the open circuit potential and the mass variation of the polyaniline deposited on a metal substrate during chemical oxidation of aniline. We detected that the final properties of the polymer could be practically defined after the inflection point of the potential profile. Considering a series connection of R and C, impedance Z was decomposed into the resistive and capacitive components. The resistivity and permittivity show a slight change after the inflection point in the potential profile. Impedance data and mass changes during synthesis also contributed to a better definition of the induction period. We described the system as whole, which relates to an electronic transport and to an electronic charge storage process. Although very simple, this model helps us to interpret and correlate different techniques to explain the results. In addition, we demonstrated that the in situ evaluation of the parameters described above offers new insights on the chemical synthesis mechanism of polyaniline.

Enzymatic polymerization of aniline in the presence of different inorganic substrates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flores-Loyola, E. [Centro de Investigacion en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna No. 140, CP 25100 Saltillo, Coah (Mexico); Escuela de Ciencias Biologicas, UA de C. Carr. Torreon-Matamoros Km 7.5, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 27400 Torreon, Coah. (Mexico)], E-mail: erika-flores@mail.uadec.mx; Cruz-Silva, R. [Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, UAEM. Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, CP 62210, Cuernavaca Mor. (Mexico); Romero-Garcia, J.; Angulo-Sanchez, J.L. [Centro de Investigacion en Quimica Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna No. 140, CP 25100 Saltillo, Coah (Mexico); Castillon, F.F.; Farias, M.H. [Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada de la UNAM, Apdo. Postal 2681, CP 22800 Ensenada, B.C. (Mexico)

2007-09-15

The effect of different inorganic substrates in the structure of polyaniline synthesized by enzymatic oxidation was studied. The polymer characterization was done by electronic absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The substrates studied were: controlled pore glass, mordenite, zeolite Y, zeolite MCM-41, Wollastonite, silica gel, fuming silica and short glass fibers type E. Polyaniline was synthesized in the presence of the substrates under acidic aqueous conditions, using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer and HRP or SBP enzymes as catalyst. The composition of the substrates strongly affected the degree of electronic conjugation of the synthesized polyaniline, whereas the pore size and the enzyme type apparently had no effect. The chemical structure of polyaniline enzymatically synthesized was more sensitive to the substrate composition than that chemically synthesized. Apparently substrates containing alkaline ions, such as sodium and calcium, promoted the formation of the branched, non-conductive polyaniline form. The effect of the substrates on the polyaniline structure can be explained considering the local pH effect of the templates surface on the coupling reaction of aniline radicals.

Formulating the Right Title for a Research Article.

Science.gov (United States)

Bavdekar, Sandeep B

2016-02-01

Title is an important part of the article. It condenses article content in a few words and captures readers' attention. A good title for a research article is the one which, on its own, is able to introduce the research work to the fullest extent, but in a concise manner. Writing scientific titles that are informative and attractive is a challenging task. This communication describes the importance of titles and the methods of creating appropriate titles for research papers. © Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.

Fabrication and characterization of self-doped poly(aniline-co-anthranilic acid) nanorods in bundles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han Dongxue; Song Jixia; Ding Xuefeng; Xu Xiaoyu; Niu Li

2007-01-01

Poly(aniline-co-anthranilic acid) (PANANA) nanorods in bundles was prepared successfully in an alcohol/aqueous media without assistance of any other kinds of acids. Anthranilic acid played all roles of monomer, acid-media provider, and dopant in the reaction system, and ammonium persulfate (APS) served as the oxidant. The morphologies of PANANA nanorods in bundles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Influences of the monomer molar ratio on the resulting morphology were investigated. Moreover the formation mechanism of the nanostructured copolymer was proposed. FT-IR, UV-vis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were used to confirm the molecular and electrical structure of the self-doped PANANA. The intrinsic properties, such as conductivity, electrochemical redox activity and room-temperature solubility of the resulting copolymer were explored

N-oxide as a traceless oxidizing directing group: mild rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H olefination for the synthesis of ortho-alkenylated tertiary anilines.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Xiaolei; Huang, Jingsheng; Du, Chenglong; Zhang, Xingyi; Song, Feijie; You, Jingsong

2013-12-02

Double role: A traceless directing group also acts as an internal oxidant in a novel Rh(III) -catalyzed protocol developed for the synthesis of ortho-alkenylated tertiary anilines. A five-membered cyclometalated Rh(III) complex is proposed as a plausible intermediate and confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Effects of polymerization and briquetting parameters on the tensile strength of briquettes formed from coal coke and aniline-formaldehyde resin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Demirbas, A.; Simsek, T. [Selcuk University, Konya (Turkey)

2006-10-15

In this work, the utilization of aniline (C{sub 6}H{sub 7}N) formaldehyde (HCHO) resins as a binding agent of coke briquetting was investigated. Aniline (AN) formaldehyde (F) resins are a family of thermoplastics synthesized by condensing AN and F in an acid solution exhibiting high dielectric strength. The tensile strength sharply increases as the ratio of F to AN from 0.5 to 1.6, and it reaches the highest values between 1.6 and 2.2 F/AN ratio; it then slightly decreases. The highest tensile strength of F-AN resin-coke briquette (23.66 MN/m{sup 2}) was obtained from the run with 1.5 of F/AN ratio by using (NH4){sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 8} catalyst at 310 K briquetting temperature. The tensile strength of F-AN resin-coke briquette slightly decreased with increasing the catalyst percent to 0.10%, and then it sharply decreased to zero with increasing the catalyst percent to 0.2%. The effect of pH on the tensile strength is irregular. As the pH of the mixture increases from 9.0 to 9.2, the tensile strength shows a sharp increase, and the curve reaches a plateau value between pH 9.3 and 9.9; then the tensile strength shows a slight increase after pH = 9.9.

Quarterly title list for the period ending September 1976

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1976-01-01

The title list of the Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik and the Projektgruppe fuer Laserforschung of the MPG is concerned with the period from July until September 1976, and it contains: a) 12 titles and abstracts of laboratory reports, b) 37 titles of publications (30 abstracts), c) 20 titles of articles submitted for publication (16 abstracts), and d) 25 titles of lectures (12 abstracts). (GG) [de

Synthesis of 14C-labelled polychlorobiphenyls derived from the labelled 4-chloro-, 2,5-dichloro-, 3,4-dichloro-, 2,3-dichloro-2,4,5-trichloro- and 2,3,6-trichloroanilines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bergman, A.; Bamford, I.; Wachtmeister, C.A.

1981-01-01

[ 14 C]Aniline hydrogen sulphate was acetylated, and the acetanilide obtained was chlorinated with N-chlorosuccinimide to 2-chloro, 4-chloro- and 2,4-dichloroacet[ 14 C]anilide. The labelled 2- and 4-chloroacet[ 14 C]anilides were hydrolyzed and treated with aluminium chloride, hydrogen chloride and chlorine in dry dichloromethane to give the major products 2,5-dichloro-and 3,4-dichloro[ 14 C]aniline. The labelled 2,3-dichloro- and 2,3,6-trichloroanilines were obtained as minor products from the chlorination of 2-chloro[ 14 C]aniline, likewise 2,4,5-trichloroaniline was obtained from 4-chloro[ 14 C]aniline. The [ 14 C]anilines prepared were coupled with benzene, 1,4-dichloro-, 1,2-dichloro- or 1,3-dichlorobenzene to give 4-chloro-, 2,3',4',5-tetrachloro-, 2,3,3',4'-tetrachloro-, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachloro-, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachloro-, 2,2',3,3'-tetrachloro-, 2,2',3,5',6-pentachloro-, 2,2',4,4',5-pentachloro- and 2,3',4,5,5'-pentachloro[ 14 C]biphenyl. 3,4-Dichloro[ 14 C]aniline and biphenyls prepared from this aniline were found to be contaminated by bromoanalogues. The origin of these have been studied. (author)

Physicochemical properties of green solvent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with aniline from T = (293.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srinivasa Rao, V.; Vijaya Krishna, T.; Madhu Mohan, T.; Madhusudana Rao, P.

2017-01-01

Highlights: • Nature of interactions in the binary mixture of [Emim][BF 4 ] + aniline are studied. • Excess properties are calculated and correlated using Redlich–Kister equation. • Temperature dependence of the calculated thermophysical propertiesis discussed. - Abstract: Density and speed of sound values are measured for the binary mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and aniline over the entire range of mole fraction at temperatures from T = (293.15 to 323.15) K under atmospheric pressure. Using the basic experimental results for the molar volume, isentropic compressibility, molar isentropic compressibility, inter molecular free length, excess molar volume, excess isentropic compressibility, excess molar isentropic compressibility and excess intermolecular free length, these values are calculated. The partial molar volumes and partial molar isentropic compressibilities at infinite dilutions have also been calculated. The trends of variation of the properties have been interpreted in light of the solute–solvent interactions occurring in the system. The excess values are fitted to Redlich–Kister polynomial equation to estimate the binary coefficients and standard deviation between the experimental and calculated values. Further, the molecular interactions in the binary mixture system are analysed using the experimental FT-IR spectrum recorded at room temperature.

Novel amphiphilic polymeric ionic liquid-solid phase micro-extraction membrane for the preconcentration of aniline as degradation product of azo dye Orange G under sonication by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Science.gov (United States)

Cai, Mei-Qiang; Wei, Xiao-Qing; Du, Chun-Hui; Ma, Xu-Ming; Jin, Mi-Cong

2014-07-04

A novel amphiphilic polymeric ionic liquid membrane containing a hydrophilic bromide anion and a hydrophobic carbonyl group was synthesized in dimethylformamide (DMF) systems using the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide (BVImBr) and the methylmethacrylate (MMA) as monomers. The prepared amphiphilic ploy-methylmethacrylate-1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide (MMA-BVImBr) was characterized by a scanning electron microscope and an infrared spectrum instrument. The results of solid-phase micro-extraction membrane (SPMM) experiments showed that the adsorption capacity of membrane was about 0.76μgμg(-1) for aniline. Based on this, a sensitive method for the determination of trace aniline, as a degradation product of azo dye Orange G under sonication, was developed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The calibration curve showed a good linearity ranging from 0.5 to 10.0μgL(-1) with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9998. The limit of quantification was 0.5μgL(-1). The recoveries ranged from 90.6% to 96.1%. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were less than 8.3% and 10.9%. The developed SPMM-LC-MS/MS method was used successfully for preconcentration of trace aniline produced during the sonication of Orange G solution. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

24 CFR 202.11 - Title I.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... in 24 CFR 25.5. Civil money penalties may be imposed against Title I lenders and mortgagees pursuant... unacceptable risk to the Department; or (iv) Transfer of a Title I loan to a party that does not have a valid...

Session 6: Water depollution from aniline and phenol by air oxidation and adsorptive-catalytic oxidation in liquid phase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dobrynkin, N.M.; Batygina, M.V.; Noskov, A.S. [Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Ak. Lavrentieva (Russian Federation)

2004-07-01

This paper is devoted to development of carbon catalysts and application of catalytic wet air oxidation for deep cleaning of polluted waters. The described catalysts and method are solving the problem of development environmentally reliable method for fluids treatment and allow carrying out the adsorption of pollutants on carbon CAPM (catalytically active porous material) with following regeneration of the CAPM without the loss of adsorptive qualities. The experiments have shown a principal capability simultaneously to use carbon CAPM as adsorbent and either as catalyst, or as a catalyst support for oxidation of aniline and phenol in water solutions. (authors)

How property title impacts urban consolidation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Easthope, Hazel; Warnken, Jan; Sherry, Cathy

2014-01-01

Continuing urbanisation is triggering an increase in multi-titled housing internationally. This trend has given rise to a substantial research interest in the social consequences of higher density living. Little enquiry, however, has been directed to examining how property title subdivisions gene...

4-[(E-({4-[(4-Aminophenylsulfonyl]phenyl}iminomethyl]phenol ethanol monosolvate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sadaf Afzal

2012-06-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, C19H16N2O3S·C2H6O, the 4-hydroxybenzylidene group is oriented at dihedral angles of 73.17 (7 and 77.06 (7° with respect to the aniline groups. The sulfonyl group make dihedral angles of 44.89 (13 and 59.16 (12° with the adjacent aniline groups. In the crystal, a two-dimensional polymeric network parallel to (010 is formed by N—H...O, O—H...N and O—H...O hydrogen bonds. There also exist π–π interactions with a distance of 3.5976 (18 Å between the centroids of hydroxyphenyl rings.

The ties that bind: what's in a title?

Science.gov (United States)

Neuhaus, Susan J

2018-03-01

Many Australian and New Zealand surgeons use the title 'Mister' rather than 'Doctor', a practice dating back to traditions established over 600 years ago. The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons is currently undergoing a period of critical self-reflection, embodied by its 'Respect' campaign. Active measures to embrace diversity and encourage women into surgery are underway. This paper reviews the historical basis to the use of gendered titles and their current use amongst fellows. De-identified demographic data from the college register of active fellows was searched by self-identified title, country or state, and gender. Data were further reviewed by surgical sub-specialty and year of fellowship. The college dataset suggests that there is significant variance in the preference for gendered titles, determined predominantly by geography rather than specialty. The highest use of gendered titles (by male and female surgeons) was in Victoria/Tasmania (58% male, 22% female) and New Zealand (81% male, 17% female). By contrast, only 2% of female surgeons in other states elected a gendered title (Miss/Mrs/Ms). Surgery is the only profession that continues to use gendered titles. As the College of Surgeons moves towards greater equity and diversity, consideration should be given to phasing out the use of gendered titles, which serve to divide rather than unite our profession. © 2017 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

40 CFR 300.220 - Related Title III issues.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 27 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Related Title III issues. 300.220 Section 300.220 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SUPERFUND, EMERGENCY... PLAN Planning and Preparedness § 300.220 Related Title III issues. Other related Title III requirements...

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Items 151 - 200 of 437 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... prospects and realistic strategies to its implementation in Nigeria\\'s Institute of ... and Communication Technology (ICT) in information dissemination, Abstract.

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1986), University Engineering Education and Training in Nigeria: Development, ... Vol 29, No 1 (2010), Use of Energy Method to Simulate the ... of Optimal Rational Composition of Titles Producible from Nigerian Clays ...

Roadmap Through Title XX. Financing Services for Children Through Title XX and Other Programs: Manual 5.

Science.gov (United States)

Copeland, William C.; Iversen, Iver A.

This manual, part of a Hecht Institute four-manual series entitled Financing Children's Services Through Title XX and Related Programs, teaches what Title XX regulations are, what they mean, and what actions and procedures are commanded by them. The first section covers the necessity of rule systems, the characteristics of a good rule system and…

Curing of bisphenol A-aniline based benzoxazine using phenolic, amino and mercapto accelerators

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Rucigaj

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The curing of bisphenol A-aniline based benzoxazine was studied applying different accelerators (4,4'-thiodiphenol, o-dianisidine, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and 4-mercaptophenol to initiate the catalytic ring-opening of benzoxazine. Possible pathways of benzoxazine ring-opening, polymerization and cross-linking without and with the addition of different accelerators are presented. The curing kinetics was investigated by model-free kinetic analysis of experimental data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC. The addition of different accelerators significantly reduced the onset temperature of curing in dynamic experiments. The effects of accelerators on the results of isothermal conversion prediction were studied and discussed in detail. Among the used accelerators, thiodiphenol showed the best accelerating efficiency and was consequently used in further studies, where its amount was varied. By low heating rate DSC analysis the catalytic ring-opening, thermally accelerated ring-opening and the diffusion-controlled steps were identified. The amount of added accelerator affected particularly the ring-opening and diffusion-controlled steps.

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Items 51 - 100 of 346 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... and hygiene promotion services in Rungwe district, Tanzania, Abstract .... as seen in NIgerian teaching hospital: pattern and a simple classification, Abstract.

Equilibrium Adsorption of heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions onto Poly aniline Stannic(IV) Phosphate Composite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Zahhar, A.A.; EI-Shourbagy, M.M.; Shady, S.A.

2012-01-01

An adsorbent material has been prepared by immobilization of stannic(IV) phosphate within poly aniline composite. The produced adsorbent exhibit a high adsorption potential for Pb(II), Cd(Il) and Zn(lI) from aqueous solutions. The influence of initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose, ph and temperature on metal ion removal has been studied. The process was found to follow a first order rate kinetics. Thc intra-particle diffusion of metal ions through pores in the adsorbent was to be the main rate limiting step. The equilibrium data fit well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The selectivity order of the adsorbent towards the metal ions was Pb(Il) > Cd(Il) >Zn(II). The adsorption rate constant and thermodynamic parameters were also given to predict the nature of adsorption

Synthesis, spectroscopic, and molecular structure characterizations of some azo derivatives of 2-hydroxyacetophenone

Science.gov (United States)

Albayrak, Çiğdem; Gümrükçüoğlu, İsmail E.; Odabaşoğlu, Mustafa; İskeleli, Nazan Ocak; Ağar, Erbil

2009-08-01

Some novel azo compounds were prepared by the reaction of 2-hydroxyacetophenone with aniline and its substituted derivatives. The structures of synthesized azo compounds were determined by IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques and the structures of some of these compounds were also determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Structural analysis using IR in solid state shows that the azo form is favoured in the azo compounds whereas UV-Vis analysis of the azo compounds in solution has shown that there is a azo and ionic form. The azo compounds in the basic solvents dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) are both azo and ionic form while these compounds in ethyl alcohol (EtOH) and chloroform (CHCl 3) are only azo form.

33 CFR 401.1 - Short title.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Short title. 401.1 Section 401.1 Navigation and Navigable Waters SAINT LAWRENCE SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SEAWAY REGULATIONS AND RULES Regulations § 401.1 Short title. These regulations may be cited as the...

SYNTHESIS OF AZO COMPOUNDS DERIVATIVE FROM EUGENOL AND ITS APPLICATION AS A TITRATION INDICATOR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bambang Purwono

2010-06-01

Full Text Available The synthesis of azo compounds from eugenol has been carried out by diazotation reaction. The diazonium salt was produced by reaction of aniline and sodium nitrite in acid condition at 0-5 °C temperature to yield benzenediazonium chloride salt. The salt was then reacted with eugenol to produce the azo derivatives. The azo product was analyzed by IR, 1H-NMR, dan GC-MS spectrometer. The results showed that the reaction of benzenediazonium chloride with eugenol gave 4-allyl-2-methoxy-6-hydroxyazobenzene in 34.27% yield for 30 minutes reaction. The derivative of azo compound was dissolved in ethanol and then the color changing was observed in range of pH 9.8-11.1 from yellow to red. Application for titration indicator for acetic acid titrated with sodium hydroxide showed error less than 3.20% compared with phenol phtaline indicator.   Keywords: Eugenol, Azo compound, titration indicator

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Items 51 - 100 of 153 ... Issue, Title. Vol 9, No 2 (2006):, Effects of efficient water utilisation on water resources development in Swaziland under climate change, Abstract .... Ethical, Indigenous and Socio-Economic Perspectives, Abstract.

Delineation of G-Quadruplex Alkylation Sites Mediated by 3,6-Bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium iodide)carbazole-Aniline Mustard Conjugates.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Chien-Han; Hu, Tsung-Hao; Huang, Tzu-Chiao; Chen, Ying-Lan; Chen, Yet-Ran; Cheng, Chien-Chung; Chen, Chao-Tsen

2015-11-23

A new G-quadruplex (G-4)-directing alkylating agent BMVC-C3M was designed and synthesized to integrate 3,6-bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium iodide)carbazole (BMVC) with aniline mustard. Various telomeric G-4 structures (hybrid-2 type and antiparallel) and an oncogene promoter, c-MYC (parallel), were constructed to react with BMVC-C3M, yielding 35 % alkylation yield toward G-4 DNA over other DNA categories (alkylation adducts by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) revealed the stepwise DNA alkylation mechanism of aniline mustard for the first time. Furthermore, the monoalkylation sites and intrastrand cross-linking sites were determined and found to be dependent on G-4 topology based on the results of footprinting analysis in combination with mass spectroscopic techniques and in silico modeling. The results indicated that BMVC-C3M preferentially alkylated at A15 (H26), G12 (H24), and G2 (c-MYC), respectively, as monoalkylated adducts and formed A15-C3M-A21 (H26), G12-C3M-G4 (H24), and G2-C3M-G4/G17 (c-MYC), respectively, as cross-linked dialkylated adducts. Collectively, the stability and site-selective cross-linking capacity of BMVC-C3M provides a credible tool for the structural and functional characterization of G-4 DNAs in biological systems. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Inscribing Authority: Female Title Bearers in Jewish Inscriptions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carrie Duncan

2012-02-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates representations of gender in the material culture of the ancient synagogue. The pertinent data are numerous dedicatory and funerary inscriptions linking individual Jews, men and women, with titles seemingly associated with leadership in Late Antique synagogues (ca. 200–600 CE. Bernadette Brooten’s influential 1982 monograph argued against the prevailing tendency to characterize these titles as indications of power, authority, and responsibility when associated with men but as meaningless flattery when applied to women. She suggests that synagogue titles denote power, authority and responsibility on all title bearers equally, both men and women. I question the continued utility of proffering female title-holders as enumerable examples of powerful women rescued from their forgotten place in history. Using theoretical insights developed by historians Elizabeth Clark and Gabrielle Spiegel, this paper will engage a comparative analysis with the work of Riet van Bremen and Saba Mahmood to develop new methods of conceptualizing women’s authority in early Jewish communities. I propose that viewing women’s synagogue titles as culturally constructed representations allows for a fruitful inquiry into how women’s titles were used by male-dominated synagogue communities in their self-articulation and public presentation of Judaism.

31 CFR 505.01 - Short title.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Short title. 505.01 Section 505.01 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN... CERTAIN MERCHANDISE BETWEEN FOREIGN COUNTRIES § 505.01 Short title. The regulations in this part may be...

18 CFR 415.1 - Short title.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Short title. 415.1 Section 415.1 Conservation of Power and Water Resources DELAWARE RIVER BASIN COMMISSION ADMINISTRATIVE MANUAL BASIN REGULATIONS-FLOOD PLAIN REGULATIONS Generally § 415.1 Short title. This part shall be known...

Student Achievement in Title I Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Diaz, Abby T.

2017-01-01

This researcher seeks to answer the following question: How did two elementary Title I schools, identified as "high performing" on the first Smarter Balanced assessment, address elements of Maslow's hierarchy of needs when developing school-wide initiatives to enhance student achievement? Many students in Title I schools face barriers to…

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Items 101 - 150 of 183 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 61 (2017), New interventions and sustainable solutions: .... Vol 35 (2011), Resurgence of tribal levies: Double taxation for the rural poor, Abstract PDF.

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Items 901 - 950 of 1355 ... Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index .... Vol 22, No 2 (2018), Performance evaluation of a locally fabricated sawdust fired oven for ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 465 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... and twinning data of an igbo kindred during the Nigerian Civil War, Abstract ... on laboratory estimations with special reference to clinical chemistry, Abstract.

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Items 101 - 150 of 533 ... Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies. ... Issue, Title ... Vol 34, No 1 (2016), Book Review: Qualitative-Quantitative Analyses of .... The complex consonants of simple CV-syllables in Zezuru, Abstract.

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Items 1 - 50 of 644 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index. Log in or ... Ethics review n international health research: quality assurance or bureaucratic nightmare? Details ... Audit of Management of Open Fractures, Details PDF.

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Items 1 - 50 of 165 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 43 (2011), Assessment of the Learning Commons takeoff at the University of ... the archive of South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Abstract.

Electrical stimulation promotes nerve cell differentiation on polypyrrole/poly (2-methoxy-5 aniline sulfonic acid) composites.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Xiao; Gilmore, Kerry J; Moulton, Simon E; Wallace, Gordon G

2009-12-01

The purpose of this work was to investigate for the first time the potential biomedical applications of novel polypyrrole (PPy) composites incorporating a large polyelectrolyte dopant, poly (2-methoxy-5 aniline sulfonic acid) (PMAS). The physical and electrochemical properties were characterized. The PPy/PMAS composites were found to be smooth and hydrophilic and have low electrical impedance. We demonstrate that PPy/PMAS supports nerve cell (PC12) differentiation, and that clinically relevant 250 Hz biphasic current pulses delivered via PPy/PMAS films significantly promote nerve cell differentiation in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). The capacity of PPy/PMAS composites to support and enhance nerve cell differentiation via electrical stimulation renders them valuable for medical implants for neurological applications.

Marrow Derived Antibody Library for the Treatment of Neuroblastoma

Science.gov (United States)

2015-12-01

Award Number: W81XWH-12-1-0332 TITLE: Marrow-Derived Antibody Library for the Treatment of Neuroblastoma PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Giselle...Marrow-Derived Antibody Library for Treatment of Neuroblastoma 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S...to Spectrum Health. 14. ABSTRACT Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid tumor in children, which accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer deaths

Binary Mixtures of Nonyl Phenol with Alkyl Substituted Anilines as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H. S. Shukla

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The present study deals with the evaluation of the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of the two binary mixtures of nonyl phenol (NPH with 2, 4 dimethyl aniline (DMA and 2 ethyl aniline (EA at different concentration ratios (from 1:7 to 7:1 for mild steel in H2SO4 (pH=1 solution by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization method. Corrosion inhibition ability of the compounds has been tested at different exposure periods (6 h to 24 h and at different temperatures (303 K to 333 K. The binary mixture of NPH and EA (at 7:1 concentration ratio has afforded maximum inhibition (IE% 93.5% at 6 h exposure period and at room temperature. The adsorption of both the inhibitors is found to accord with Temkin adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization study reveals that the tested inhibitors are mixed type inhibitor and preferentially act on cathodic areas. Electrochemical impedance study suggests formation of an inhibition layer by the adsorption of the inhibitors on the metal surface. An adsorption model of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surface has been proposed after immersion test in the inhibited acid showed characteristic shift of N-H and O-H bond frequencies towards lower side compared to that of the respective pure samples which indicated the donation of electron pair through N and O atom of the inhibitor molecule in the surface adsorption phenomena. SEM study has revealed formation of semi globular inhibitor products on the metal surface. The comparisons of the protection efficiencies of these compounds according to their relative electron density on the adsorption centre and projected molecular area of the inhibitor molecules have been made.

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Items 101 - 150 of 414 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index. Log in or ... of an algebraic function for the permutation of truth table columns, Abstract ... appraisal and productivity levels in selected Nigerian universities, Abstract.

25 CFR 151.13 - Title examination.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Title examination. 151.13 Section 151.13 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LAND AND WATER LAND ACQUISITIONS § 151.13 Title examination. If the Secretary determines that he will approve a request for the acquisition of land from...

Title IX: With New Opportunities, Girls' Interest Rises

Science.gov (United States)

Toporek, Bryan

2012-01-01

On June 23, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon signed into law Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, which prohibits gender discrimination in any federally financed education program or activity. Title IX is far-reaching, but the law is most often associated with school and college athletics. Title IX allows schools to prove their athletic…

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Items 151 - 200 of 879 ... South African Journal of Higher Education. ... Browse Title Index ... in a USA school setting: Merging transition theory with a narrative approach, Abstract ... Citation analysis of theses and dissertations submitted at the ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 130 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index. Log in or ... using the technological pedagogical content knowledge(TPACK) framework, Abstract PDF ... Tamara N. Hrin, Dušica D. Milenković, Mirjana D. Segedinac.

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Items 101 - 150 of 278 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... drie paradigmas beskou: 'n eenheid, of 'n veelheid van perspektiewe? ... Vol 45, No 1 (2011), Genre pedagogy in the mediation of socially-situated literacies ...

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Items 251 - 300 of 1260 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Consumption of ammonia-nitrogen by aob in immobilized batch culture, Abstract PDF .... Vol 9, No 3S (2017): Special Issue, Design an automatic temperature ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 147 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index .... Library (TEEAL) Database among faculty members in Federal University, ... Vol 5, No 2 (2014), Effects of corporate culture on the implementation of automation in ...

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Items 201 - 250 of 531 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... thermal conductivity and viscosity in a flat plate solar collector, Abstract PDF .... similarity method in unsteady two-dimensional MHD boundary layer on the body ...

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Items 601 - 650 of 879 ... South African Journal of Higher Education. ... Browse Title Index .... The challenge of thesis supervision in an art university, Abstract ... No 2 (2004), Robert Sternberg's mental self-government theory and its contribution to ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 736 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 5 (2008), A Contagious Malady: The Human Quest for Truth through Religion, Abstract ... A Study of Politeness Strategies Used by the National University of ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 879 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 20, No 4 (2006), Assessing academic potential for university admission: ... Vol 16, No 2 (2002), Book Review: Rethinking truth by Higgs, P & Smith, J, Details.

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Items 651 - 700 of 1199 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 5, No 1 (2011), Motivation, an Essential Ingredient for Optimal Performance in Emerging Markets, Abstract PDF ... Vol 3, No 5 (2009), Multinational transfer pricing and international taxation: what, why, ...

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Items 451 - 500 of 533 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index .... for past tense forms in Northern Sotho: verb stems with final 'm' and 'n', Abstract ... in an academic writing class: Implications for a dialogic pedagogy, Abstract.

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Items 701 - 750 of 808 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 58, No 2 (2010), Short Communicaton: The socio-economic impact of helminth infections and the ... Vol 62 (2014): Special Edition, Special edition summarizing the scientific discourse which took place ...

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Items 301 - 350 of 788 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 26, No 1 (2018), Gender differentials in the perception of .... Vol 25, No 1 (2017), Impact of total quality management on students' academic performance in ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 194 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 14, No 1 (2000), A functional categoriality of adjectives in ... Vol 1, No 1 (1987), Alienation and affirmation: The humanistic vision of Bessie Head, Abstract PDF.

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Items 101 - 150 of 1117 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 13, No 3 (2007):, an edu-ethical perspecitve on the nature of truth: case studies in elite ... 2009: September: Supplement, An empirical study of university ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 294 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index. Log in or .... S Edwards, M Hlongwane, J Thwala, N Robinson ... Vol 16, No 1 (2017), Infancy of internet cafe: The substitute of ubuntu-padare pedagogy, Abstract.

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Items 1 - 50 of 98 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... model for the continued professionalisation of student affairs in Africa, Abstract PDF ... Vol 2, No 2 (2014), Book Review: How College Affects Students, A Third decade ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 76 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 4, No 1 (2011), Automation of AutoCAD for Detailing of Reinforced .... Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Housing data base for sustainable housing provision, Abstract PDF.

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Items 51 - 100 of 103 ... Issue, Title ... SE Edusah, E Osei-Tutu ... Vol 6, No 2 (2016), Interrelationships among unemployment, inflation and economic growth in Nigeria, Abstract .... Vol 4, No 3 (2014): Special Edition, Socio-cultural Issues for ...

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Items 1 - 41 of 41 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 1, No 3 (2004): Special Edition, Assessment of the quality and reserves of Bat ... Vol 1, No 1 (1997), Bovine dermatophilosis in Zambia: epidemiology, socio-economic impacts and future perspectives, Abstract.

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Items 351 - 391 of 391 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 2, No 3 (1999): Special Edition, The efficacy of low volume application of roundup ... Vol 1, No 1 (1998), The relationships among National Socio-Economic Indicators and Child Health Statistics, Abstract.

Rapid and sensitive determination of phenylurea herbicides in water in the presence of their anilines by extraction with a Carbopack cartridge followed by liquid chromatography.

Science.gov (United States)

Di Corcia, A; Marchetti, M

1991-03-22

A rapid and sensitive method for determining phenylurea herbicides in environmental aqueous samples in the presence of their anilines is described. The water sample is preconcentrated by passage at a flow-rate of ca. 150 ml/min through a 250-mg graphitized carbon black (Carbopack B) cartridge. After washing with 0.6 ml of methanol, the Carbopack B trap is connected with a cartridge containing a strong cation exchanger. Organics trapped by the Carbopack cartridge are eluted by passage of 6 ml of methylene chloride-methanol (95:5, v/v). Anilines and other basic compounds are quantitatively subtracted from the solvent system while flowing through the cation-exchange cartridge. After evaporation and redissolution, the sample is subjected to reversed-phase gradient elution high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection at 250 nm. Recoveries of phenylureas added to water at levels between 30 and 3000 ng/l were higher than 92%. The limit of detection was about 1 ng/l, for a 2-1 sample. With respect to an octadecyl (C18)-bonded silica cartridge, the Carbopack B cartridge had a far better extraction efficiency for polar phenylureas.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 167 of 167 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 2, No 2 (2013), Women and the Leadership Paradigm: Bridging the Workplace Gender-Gap in Nigeria, Abstract PDF ... Vol 5, No 2 (2016), Women's participation and gender issues in local governance ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 73 of 73 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 13 (2006), The ageing eye” functional changes from cradle to gray: A ... Vol 12 (2005), The evaluation of vision in children using monocular vision acuity and ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 391 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Efficacy of four Rodenticides on the Ghanaian Market, Abstract ... Vol 2, No 1 (2000):, Determination of some wear elements in used car engine oil and oil filter ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 251 - 300 of 652 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 18, No 7 (2015), Introduction to virtual property: Lex virtualis ipsa ... Vol 17, No 1 (2014), Legal challenges relating to the commercial use of outer space, with ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 551 - 600 of 879 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... A James, E Ralfe, L van Laren, N Ngcobo ... 1 (2011), Recognition of prior learning in promoting lifelong learning: A pedagogy of hope or a shattering of dreams?

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 89 ... Issue, Title ... of two-phased approaches to load balancing in cloud computing, Abstract ... Vol 19, No 1 (2012), Assessing Network Services and Security in ... Vol 23, No 1 (2016), Cloud model construct for transaction-based ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 198 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 13, No 1 (2015), Biometric Enhancement of Home and Office Security to Reduce Assassinations in Nigeria, Abstract PDF ... Vol 9, No 1 (2013), Cloud Computing: Key to IT Development in West Africa ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 198 of 198 ... Issue, Title ... scheme for QoS and energy conservation in cloud computing, Abstract PDF ... Vol 9, No 1 (2013), Performance and Security Evaluation of ... Vol 18, No 1 (2017), Reducing capital flight through local cloud ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 97 of 97 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 20, No 2 (2008), Research Note: Anthropometric data of the foot of ... Vol 26, No 1 (2014), Validation of the Automation Attitude Questionnaire for Airline Pilots ...

Titles of Midas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. L. Huxley

2001-09-01

Full Text Available The Phrygian inscription on the tomb at Yazılıkaya (8th century gives Midas the titles wanax and lawagtas, paralled in Mycenaean, and there were strong connections between his dynasty and Greek Aeolis.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 412 ... Issue, Title. Vol 30, No 3 (2011) ... Transferring the principle of double effect from war to business, Abstract. G. J. Rossouw ... Vol 22, No 2 (2003), Can more business ethics teaching halt corruption in companies? Abstract.

Blue gods, blue oil, and blue people.

Science.gov (United States)

Fairbanks, V F

1994-09-01

Studies of the composition of coal tar, which began in Prussia in 1834, profoundly affected the economies of Germany, Great Britain, India, and the rest of the world, as well as medicine and surgery. Such effects include the collapse of the profits of the British indigo monopoly, the growth in economic power of Germany based on coal tar chemistry, and an economic crisis in India that led to more humane tax laws and, ultimately, the independence of India and the end of the British Empire. Additional consequences were the development of antiseptic surgery and the synthesis of a wide variety of useful drugs that have eradicated infections and alleviated pain. Many of these drugs, particularly the commonly used analgesics, sulfonamides, sulfones, and local anesthetics, are derivatives of aniline, originally called "blue oil" or "kyanol." Some of these aniline derivatives, however, have also caused aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, and methemoglobinemia (that is, "blue people"). Exposure to aniline drugs, particularly when two or three aniline drugs are taken concurrently, seems to be the commonest cause of methemoglobinemia today.

Relationships between nutrition-related knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior for fifth grade students attending Title I and non-Title I schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Hall, Elisha; Chai, Weiwen; Albrecht, Julie A

2016-01-01

The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) is a widely used theory for nutrition education programming. Better understanding the relationships between knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior among children of various income levels can help to form and improve nutrition programs, particularly for socioeconomically disadvantaged youth. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior among fifth grade students attending Title I (≥40% of students receiving free or reduced school meals) and non-Title I schools (students receiving free or reduced school meals). A validated survey was completed by 55 fifth grade students from Title I and 122 from non-Title I schools. Differences in knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior scores between groups were assessed using t test and adjusted for variations between participating schools. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationships between knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior. In adjusted models, the Title I group had significantly lower scores on several knowledge items and summary knowledge (P = 0.04). The Title I group had significantly lower scores on several behavior variables including intakes of fruits (P = 0.02), vegetables (P = 0.0005), whole grains (P = 0.0003), and lean protein (P = 0.047), physical activity (P = 0.002) and summary behavior (P = 0.001). However the Title I group scored higher on self-efficacy for meal planning (P = 0.04) and choosing healthy snacks (P = 0.036). Both self-efficacy (β = 0.70, P knowledge (β = 0.35, P = 0.002) strongly predicted behavior; however, only self-efficacy remained significant in the Title I group (self-efficacy, β = 0.82, P = 0.0003; knowledge, β = 0.11, P = 0.59). Results demonstrate disparities in nutrition knowledge and behavior outcomes between students surveyed from Title I and non-Title I schools, suggesting more resources may be necessary for lower income populations

Synthesis of (+)-(3R)-3-(4-fluorophenylsulfonamido)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-[5,6,7,8,12,13-u-{sup 14}C]carbazoleppropanoic acid, [{sup 14}C]BAY u 3405

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radtke, M; Boberg, M; Pleiss, U [Inst. of Pharmacokinetics, Bayer AG, Wuppertal (Germany); Rosentreter, U [Pharma Production, Bayer AG. Wuppertal (Germany)

1994-12-01

The title compound [{sup 14}C]BAY u 3405 (1) was synthesized as part of 8-step sequence. Starting from [U-{sup 14}C]aniline hydrogensulfate the final product 1 was obtained with a specific activity of 741 MBq/mmol (20 mCi/mmol) and a radiochemical purity of > 98 % in an overall yield of 6 and 10 % depending on the method. (author).

Synthesis of (+)-(3R)-3-(4-fluorophenylsulfonamido)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-[5,6,7,8,12,13-u-14C]carbazoleppropanoic acid, [14C]BAY u 3405

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radtke, M.; Boberg, M.; Pleiss, U.; Rosentreter, U.

1994-01-01

The title compound [ 14 C]BAY u 3405 (1) was synthesized as part of 8-step sequence. Starting from [U- 14 C]aniline hydrogensulfate the final product 1 was obtained with a specific activity of 741 MBq/mmol (20 mCi/mmol) and a radiochemical purity of > 98 % in an overall yield of 6 and 10 % depending on the method. (author)

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 150 of 1732 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 10, No 3 (2007), An Audit Of Perioperative Cardiac Arrest At ... Vol 11, No 4 (2008), An Audit Of Rejected Repeated X-ray Films As A Quality Assurance ...

Ionic liquid – Assisted emulsion polymerization of aniline in organic medium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Calheiros, Loan F. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas, 21941-598, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Soares, Bluma G., E-mail: bluma@metalmat.ufrj.br [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, PEMM-COPPE, Centro de Tecnologia, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas, 21941-598, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Barra, Guilherme M.O. [Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Mechanical Engineering Department, Florianópolis, SC (Brazil); Livi, Sébastien [Université de Lyon, F-69003, Lyon (France); INSA Lyon, F-69621, Villeurbanne (France); CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (France)

2016-08-15

Polyaniline doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PAni.DBSA) with different conductivities and morphologies was prepared by inverted emulsion polymerization, in toluene using ammonium peroxydisulfate as the oxidizing agent, in the presence of two different imidazolium – based ionic liquids, such as, 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazolium tetrafluorate (bmim.BF{sub 4}) and 1-(11-carboxyundecyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (mimC{sub 10}COOH.Br). The influence of ionic liquid on the morphology and particle size of formed PAni.DBSA samples was investigated by field emission - scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Ultraviolet–visible measurements were also employed to confirm the structure of the conducting polymer. PAni.DBSA samples were also characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, cyclic voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). PAni.DBSA samples prepared in the presence of ionic liquids have shown improved dispersability in epoxy resin as indicated by optical micrograph. - Highlights: • Imidazolium-based ionic liquids as soft templates for polyaniline synthesis. • PAni with higher conductivity and different morphologies was achieved in the presence of IL. • Good IL/aniline salt interaction resulted in confinement inside PAni particles. • IL confinement confirmed by TGA and XPS analyses. • Excellent dispersability of PAni. DBSA prepared with ionic liquids, in epoxy matrix.

Land Titles and Rice Production in Vietnam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Van Den Broeck, Katleen; Newman, Carol; Tarp, Finn

analysis of plot level rice yields that land titles are indeed important. Only exclusively held titles have the expected positive effects, and the positive effect on yields is found in male headed households. Furthermore, a household level rice yield function reveals that exclusive user rights...

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Items 151 - 200 of 221 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 38 (2010), Soft drink consumption of Grade 4 and Grade 7 learners in the Wynberg area, City of Cape Town, South .... Vol 42 (2014), The meaning of food for obese men: a qualitative study, Abstract PDF.

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Items 151 - 200 of 1020 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 48, No 2 (2006), Barriers to HIV Care and Treatment by Doctors: A review of the literature. ... Vol 48, No 5 (2006), Breast cancer – early detection and screening in South African women from the ...

Electropolymerization of poly (aniline-co-o-anisidine) on copper and its anticorrosion properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ozyilmaz, A T

2008-01-01

Poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine) of copolymer coatings was synthesized on the copper surface (Cu) with two different amounts of p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) added to the aqueous sodium oxalate (NaOX) solution. The copper substrates in NaOX solutions containing p-TSA acid had a fairly reliable passive surface mainly due to the formation of copper (II) oxalate layer. The addition of p-TSA acid to the working electrolyte contributed to both the amount of copolymer deposition (growth) and that of copolymer coated per unit time of electropolymerization (growth rate). The growth of copolymer coating on Cu electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion performances of copolymer coatings were investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution with anodic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that p-TSA acid led to the diminishing of the permeability of the copolymer films. The copolymer coatings exhibited an effective barrier property on copper electrode and a remarkable anodic protection to substrate for longer exposure time

Exploring New Directions: Title I in the Year 2000.

Science.gov (United States)

Puma, Michael J.; Drury, Darrel W.

This report takes stock of the present Title I program, identifies the most promising approaches to educating the nation's disadvantaged children, and offers guidance to policymakers seeking to improve Title I's effectiveness. The report draws upon hundreds of studies, evaluations, and other documents, and details the evolution of the Title I…

24 CFR 232.595 - Eligibility of title.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... URBAN DEVELOPMENT MORTGAGE AND LOAN INSURANCE PROGRAMS UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT AND OTHER AUTHORITIES MORTGAGE INSURANCE FOR NURSING HOMES, INTERMEDIATE CARE FACILITIES, BOARD AND CARE HOMES, AND ASSISTED... Fire Safety Equipment Title § 232.595 Eligibility of title. In order for the property which is to be...

Citation Oil and Gas Corporation... Title V Applicability Determination

Science.gov (United States)

This document may be of assistance in applying the Title V air operating permit regulations. This document is part of the Title V Policy and Guidance Database available at www2.epa.gov/title-v-operating-permits/title-v-operating-permit-policy-and-guidance-document-index. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

Molecular Structure And Vibrational Frequencies of 2,3,4 Nitro anilines By Hartree-Fock And Density Functional Theory Calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sert, Y.

2008-01-01

The optimised molecular structure, vibrational frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 2-, 3- and 4- nitro anilines have been calculated using the Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional methods (B3LYP) with 6-311++G (d, p) basis set. The calculations were adapted to the C S symmetries of all the molecules. The calculated vibrational frequencies and geometric parameters (bond lengths and bond angles) were seen to be in good agreement with the experimental data. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical results showed that the HF method is superior to the B3LYP method for both the vibrational frequencies and geometric parameters

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Items 201 - 250 of 577 ... Issue, Title. Vol 20, No 2 (2003), Emergency Contraception: A Global Overview of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Providers, Abstract PDF. Deborah Haggai. Vol 23 (2006):, Emergency laparotomy for peripartum haemorrhage in Bida North Central Nigeria, Abstract PDF. Sunny Abiodun O ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 155 ... Issue, Title. Vol 12 (2012), Political Dissent and Autonomy in Wum Local Government, Southern (West) Cameroons, 1957 – 1968, Abstract. TP Mbeum. Vol 9 (2009), Post-Emancipation Slave Commerce: Increasing Child Slave Trafficking and Women's Agency in Late Nineteenth-century Ghana ...

24 CFR 203.386 - Coverage of title evidence.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... SINGLE FAMILY MORTGAGE INSURANCE Contract Rights and Obligations Property Title Transfers and Title... the public records, there are not, at such date, any outstanding prior liens, including any past-due...

24 CFR 234.65 - Nature of title.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Nature of title. 234.65 Section 234.65 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development (Continued... OWNERSHIP MORTGAGE INSURANCE Eligibility Requirements-Individually Owned Units § 234.65 Nature of title. A...

Synthesis and antifungal activity of nicotinamide derivatives as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors.

Science.gov (United States)

Ye, Yong-Hao; Ma, Liang; Dai, Zhi-Cheng; Xiao, Yu; Zhang, Ying-Ying; Li, Dong-Dong; Wang, Jian-Xin; Zhu, Hai-Liang

2014-05-07

Thirty-eight nicotinamide derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) and precisely characterized by (1)H NMR, ESI-MS, and elemental analysis. The compounds were evaluated against two phytopathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, by mycelia growth inhibition assay in vitro. Most of the compounds displayed moderate activity, in which, 3a-17 exhibited the most potent antifungal activity against R. solani and S. sclerotiorum with IC50 values of 15.8 and 20.3 μM, respectively, comparable to those of the commonly used fungicides boscalid and carbendazim. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of nicotinamide derivatives demonstrated that the meta-position of aniline was a key position contributing to the antifungal activity. Inhibition activities against two fungal SDHs were tested and achieved the same tendency with the data acquired from in vitro antifungal assay. Significantly, 3a-17 was demonstrated to successfully suppress disease development in S. sclerotiorum infected cole in vivo. In the molecular docking simulation, sulfur and chlorine of 3a-17 were bound with PHE291 and PRO150 of the SDH homology model, respectively, which could explain the probable mechanism of action between the inhibitory and target protein.

Electrochemical synthesis of poly(aniline-co-fluoroaniline) films and their application as humidity sensing material

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, Amit L.

2009-01-01

In the present manuscript, humidity sensing properties of a copolymer, poly(aniline-co-fluoroaniline) have been reported. The copolymer was prepared on indium-tin-oxide coated glass plates as well as platinum surface in the form of films using electrochemical technique (versus standard calomel electrode) in acidic medium. Synthesis of copolymer films was supported by Fourier transform infra-red, ultraviolet-visible, scanning electron microscope and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Molecular weight and electrical conductivity of these films were measured at different temperature. Polyaniline and poly(2-fluoroaniline) films were also synthesized using the same technique to compare the data with copolymer film. On exposure to humid atmosphere, the response behaviour of copolymer film exhibited a change in resistance with respect to relative humidity (RH). This copolymer film was found to be most sensitive in the 30-65% RH range and shows a linear behaviour with in this range.

Solvent-free and room temperature synthesis of 3-arylquinolines from different anilines and styrene oxide in the presence of Al2O3/MeSO3H

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hashem Sharghi

2017-09-01

Full Text Available A highly efficient, simple and environmentally friendly synthesis of 3-arylquinolines has been developed in the presence of Al2O3/MeSO3H via one-pot reaction of anilines and styrene oxide. This methodology provides very rapid access to 3-arylquinolines in good to excellent yields under solvent-free conditions at room temperature in air.

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Items 51 - 98 of 98 ... Issue, Title. Vol 4, No 1 (2016), First-year seminar intervention: Enhancing firstyear mathematics performance at the University of Johannesburg, Abstract PDF. Melanie Jacobs, Estherna Pretorius. Vol 5, No 2 (2017), From Inky Pinky Ponky to Improving Student Understanding in Assessment: Exploring the ...

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Items 551 - 600 of 1463 ... Issue, Title. Vol 15, No 2 (2015), Evaluation of the diagnostic performance and operational characteristics of four rapid immunochromatographic syphilis tests in Burkina Faso, Abstract PDF. FY Bocoum, H Ouedraogo, G Tarnagda, A Kiba, S Tiendrebeogo, F Bationo, B Liestman, S Diagbouga, ...

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Items 9951 - 10000 of 11090 ... Issue, Title. Vol 10, No 36 (2011), Study of heavy metals bioaccumulation in the process of vermicomposting, Abstract PDF. MM Aleagha, G Ebadi. Vol 10, No 45 (2011), Study of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in ...

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Items 451 - 500 of 581 ... Issue, Title. Vol 30, No 1 (2016), Risky sexual behaviour and associated factors among students of Debre Tabor University, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study, Abstract PDF. Awoke Derbie, Mekonnen Assefa, Daniel Mekonnen, Fantahun Biadglegne. Vol 28, No 1 (2014), Road traffic accident: ...

14 CFR 1245.109 - Assignment of title to NASA.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Assignment of title to NASA. 1245.109... INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS Patent Waiver Regulations § 1245.109 Assignment of title to NASA. (a) The instrument of waiver set forth in § 1245.115(c) shall be voided by NASA with respect to the domestic title to...

N,N-Diethyl-4-[(E-(pyridin-3-yldiazenyl]aniline

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatiana V. Timofeeva

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The molecule of the title compound, C15H18N4, adopts a trans conformation with respect to the diazo N=N bond. The dihedral angle between the benzene and pyridine rings in the molecule is 8.03 (5°. In the crystal, a weak C—H...π interaction arranges the molecules into a corrugated ribbon, with an antiparallel orientation of neighboring molecules propagating in the [100] direction.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 108 of 108 ... Issue, Title. Vol 8, No 2 (2016), The status and challenges of clinical informatics development in South Africa, Abstract PDF. Abayomi Kehinde Owolabi, Thokozani Patrick Mhlongo, Neil Evans. Vol 4, No 1 (2012), The stuttering implementation of language policies in the South African education system ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 751 - 800 of 846 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index ... Vol 9, No 3S (2017): Special Issue, The effect of torrefaction on oil palm ... core competency skills of IRBM tax auditors towards their performance, Abstract PDF ... of exchange rates behavior in Malaysia by using NATREX model, Abstract PDF.

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Items 51 - 76 of 76 ... Issue, Title. Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Integrating Sustainability into the Real Estate Valuation Process: A Nigerian Perspective, Abstract PDF. G K Babawale, B A Oyalowo. Vol 5, No 1 (2012), Internalising internationa valuation standards: Relevance and applicability issues in the Nigerian context, Abstract PDF.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 201 ... Issue, Title. Vol 12, No 1 (2006), Conservative management of cervical ectopic pregnancy: case report, Abstract PDF. TD Naidoo, MR Ramogale, J Moodley. Vol 18, No 2 (2012), Contraceptive use and associated factors among South African youth (18 - 24 years): A population-based survey, Abstract ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 76 ... Issue, Title. Vol 16, No 2 (2006), A profile of the theatre procedures in paediatrict ophthalmic practice, Abstract. E O Onwasigwe. Vol 15, No 2 (2005), Abdominal cocoon, Abstract. Abdulrasheed K Adesunkanmi, Tajudeen A Badmus, Olukayode Ogundoyin, Akinwumi B Ogunrombi. Vol 18, No 1 (2008) ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 93 ... Issue, Title. Vol 5 (2013), A cost-effective Geographic Information Systems for Transportation (GIS-T) application for traffic congestion analyses in the Developing World, Abstract PDF. E Agyemang. Vol 3 (2011), A Historical and Gendered Perspective on HIV / AIDS in Botswana, Abstract PDF. J Hesselberg ...

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Items 301 - 350 of 577 ... Issue, Title. Vol 32, No 2 (2015), Late arrival in hospital during labour: any correlation with materno-foetal outcome? The state specialist hospital, Asubiaro, Osogbo Experience. Abstract PDF. OO Awolola. Vol 30, No 2 (2013), Late Reproductive Effects of Cancer Treatment in Young People, Abstract ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 251 ... Issue, Title. Vol 55 (2014), 20 Years of democracy: Transforming the public service, Abstract. A Ruiters. Vol 63 (2016), Zemk' iinkomo magwala ndini! Wake up! The cows are being stolen! Abstract. Sipho Pityana. Vol 56 (2014), A layperson's guide to Nene's budget statement, Abstract. B Turok.

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Items 1 - 50 of 1007 ... Issue, Title. Vol 11, No 1 (1997), (+)-Floribundone 3 from the pods of Senna septemtrionalis, Details PDF. Gizachew Alemayehu, Bekuretsion Woldeyesus, Berhanu M Abegaz. Vol 14, No 1 (2000), 11α-Hydroxy muzigadiolide, a novel drimane sesquiterpene from the stem bark of warburgia ugandensis ...

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Items 151 - 170 of 170 ... Issue, Title. Vol 20, No 2 (2004), The Impact of Mine Closures on Rural Population Dynamics: The Case of Zhombe in Kwekwe District, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, Abstract. Crescentia Madebwe. Vol 29, No 1 (2013), The Influence of Organisational Culture and Job Satisfaction on Intentions to ...

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Items 151 - 200 of 633 ... Issue, Title. Vol 19, No 1 (2009), Delays in Tuberculosis Treatment and Associated Factors in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, Abstract PDF. Ayalew Tegegn, Meseret Yazachew. Vol 26, No 1 (2016), Delivery Site Preferences and Associated Factors among Married Women of Child Bearing Age in ...

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Items 251 - 300 of 367 ... Issue, Title. Vol 43 (2014), Some interlingual communicative challenges for foreign African interpreters in South African courtrooms, Abstract PDF. SE Usadolo, E Kotze. Vol 29 (1996), South Africa's new language policy in the context of the organisation for African unity's language plan of action for ...

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Items 51 - 100 of 110 ... Issue, Title. Vol 10, No 1 (2003), Incidence and Determinants of Child Labour in Nigeria: Implications for Poverty Alleviation, Abstract. Benjamin Chiedozie Okpukpara, Ngozi Odurukwu. Vol 20, No 1 (2013), Inflation and capacity utilisation in Nigeria's manufacturing sector, Abstract. OA Ishola. Vol 19, No ...

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Items 151 - 200 of 643 ... Issue, Title. Vol 18, No 2 (2015), Contraceptive Knowledge and Compliance with Guidelines for Providing Contraceptive Services by Patent Medicine Vendors In Ibadan North Local Government Area, Nigeria, Abstract PDF. OO Ajayi, AJ Ajuwon. Vol 16, No 2 (2013), Coping Strategy for Food Security ...

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Issue, Title. Vol 8, No 2 (2016): Supplement, Using operative models (ICF and CBR) within an interprofessional context to address community needs, Abstract PDF. A Rhoda, F Waggie, G.C. Filies, J.M. Frantz. Vol 2, No 1 (2010), Using portfolios to assess professional competence and development in medical laboratory ...

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Issue, Title. Vol 43, No 2 (2006), Review: "'n Wonderlike geweld. Jeugherinneringe", By Elsa Joubert (2005), Abstract PDF. Henriette Roos. Vol 53, No 1 (2016), Review: Breyten Breytenbach, A Monologue in Two Voices, Abstract PDF. Andy Carolin. Vol 53, No 1 (2016), Review: The Shadow of the Hummingbird, Abstract ...

Spectroscopic analysis of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives and investigation of its reactive properties by DFT and molecular dynamics simulations

Science.gov (United States)

Sureshkumar, B.; Mary, Y. Sheena; Resmi, K. S.; Panicker, C. Yohannan; Armaković, Stevan; Armaković, Sanja J.; Van Alsenoy, C.; Narayana, B.; Suma, S.

2018-03-01

Two 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives, 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (57DC8HQ) and 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxy quinoline (5CL7I8HQ) have been investigated in details by means of spectroscopic characterization and computational molecular modelling techniques. FT-IR and FT-Raman experimental spectroscopic approaches have been utilized in order to obtain detailed spectroscopic signatures of title compounds, while DFT calculations have been used in order to visualize and assign vibrations. The computed values of dipole moment, polarizability and hyperpolarizability indicate that the title molecules exhibit NLO properties. The evaluated HOMO and LUMO energies demonstrate the chemical stability of the molecules. NBO analysis is made to study the stability of the molecules arising from hyperconjugative interactions and charge delocalization. DFT calculations have been also used jointly with MD simulations in order to investigate in details global and local reactivity properties of title compounds. Also, molecular docking has been also used in order to investigate affinity of title compounds against decarboxylase inhibitor and quinoline derivatives can be a lead compounds for developing new antiparkinsonian drug.

Electrochemical supercapacitor application of electroless surface polymerization of polyaniline nanostructures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amarnath, Chellachamy A.; Chang, Jin Ho; Kim, Doyoung; Mane, Rajaram S.; Han, Sung-Hwan; Sohn, Daewon

2009-01-01

Electrochemical supercapacitive behaviour of polyaniline nanostructures, i.e., nanorods and nanospheres fabricated on aniline-primed conducting indium-tin oxide substrate via electroless surface polymerization using ammonium persulfate as initiator and selenious acid as efficient dopant is investigated. The self-assembled monolayer of urea derivative in presence of 3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl isocyanate and aniline plays role of aniline-primed substrate. Polyaniline electrode composed of nanorods of excess surface area responsible for large redox reactions has shown 592 F g -1 specific capacitance which is significantly greater than closely compact polyaniline nanospheres, i.e., 214 F g -1

What is the title of a Web page? A study of Webography practice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Timothy C. Craven

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Few style guides recommend a specific source for citing the title of a Web page that is not a duplicate of a printed format. Sixteen Web bibliographies were analyzed for uses of two different recommended sources: (1 the tagged title; (2 the title as it would appear to be from viewing the beginning of the page in the browser (apparent title. In all sixteen, the proportion of tagged titles was much less than that of apparent titles, and only rarely did the bibliography title match the tagged title and not the apparent title. Convenience of copying may partly explain the preference for the apparent title. Contrary to expectation, correlation between proportion of valid links in a bibliography and proportion of accurately reproduced apparent titles was slightly negative.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 20 of 20 ... Issue, Title. Vol 9, No 2 (2000), Age dependent changes in the hypothalamic amino acid neurotransmitters in response to nicotine, Abstract. NM Radwan, NA Ahmed, YAM Aly. Vol 9, No 2 (2000), Autoantibodies, ocular and auditory changes in patients with vitiligo, Abstract. AE Fathia, EA Nagwa, ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 183 of 183 ... Issue, Title. Vol 9, No 1 (2004), Socio-economic constraints affecting youths involvement in national economic development, Abstract. Josephine U Nwagwu. Vol 12, No 2 (2007), Stabilizing Potential Of Cement-Fly Ash Mixture On Expansive Clay Soil, Abstract. OO Amu, AB Fajobi, SO Afekhuai. Vol 11 ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 150 of 670 ... Issue, Title. Vol 9, No 2 (2012), Business Planning and the Economic Growth of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria, Abstract. Egbe Aneozeng A, Ejoh Ndifon Ojong, Obo Ekpenyong Bassey. Vol 11, No 2 (2014), Calabar Humaphors: An Analysis of Selected Jokes in Nigerian Stand Up ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 25, No 2 (2005), Yam-based farm practices and nematode problems in stored yams (Dioscorea spp.) in Ghana, Abstract PDF. CK Kwoseh, RA Plowright, J Bridge, R Asiedu. Vol 27, No 2 (2007), Yield, irrigation production efficiency and economic returns of broccoli under variable drip irrigation and lateral ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 201 - 250 of 11090 ... Issue, Title. Vol 12, No 49 (2013), In vitro regeneration of selected Kenyan papaya (Carica papaya L.) lines through shoot tip culture, Abstract PDF. Naomi Nzilani Mumo, Fredah Karambu Rimberia, George Edward Mamati, Agnes Wanjiru Kihurani. Vol 7, No 12 (2008), In vitro regeneration of Turkish ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 200 of 232 ... Issue, Title. Vol 5 (2003), Pre-School Education for a Democratic Society: Identifying Views of Stakeholders in Tanzania, Abstract. Willy LM Komba, Satoki T Mahenge, Gadi Koda. Vol 13, No 2 (2012), Process of Assuring Quality in Counselling at the National Open University of Nigeria: A Critique ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 501 - 550 of 670 ... Issue, Title. Vol 11, No 4 (2014), Strategies for Fostering Creativity Among Business Education Graduates in Nigeria, Abstract. BO Nwosu, KE Ojo. Vol 13, No 1 (2015) ... Vol 10, No 1 (2013), The Challenges Facing Accounting Education: The Nigerian Experience, Abstract. OR Okolie. Vol 5 (2008), The ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 183 ... Issue, Title. Vol 62 (2017), #SchoolsOnFire: Criminal justice responses to protests that impede the right to basic education, Abstract PDF. Ann Skelton, Martin Nsibirwa. Vol 45 (2013), 'Pale Face'/'Pointy Face: SA Criminology in Denial, Abstract PDF. S Henkeman. Vol 59 (2017), Aluta continua: Police ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 38, No 1 (2004), Book Review: Unexpected Voices – Theory, Practice and Identity in the Writing Classroom. Abstract. Charly Dyers. Vol 38, No 1 (2004), Book Review: Shelley Angelil-Carter: Stolen Language? Plagiarism in Writing. Abstract. Elizabeth de Kadt. Vol 37, No 1 (2003), Book Review: The Green ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 23, No 2 (2011), Dynamique foliaire et croissance du maïs: Application du modèle «STICS» en conditions tropicales en RD-Congo, Abstract PDF. MM Lufuluabo, RV Kizungu, KK Nkongolo. Vol 18, No 1 (2006), Dynamique spatio-temporelle des populations d\\'Altises Podagrica spp. (Coleoptera ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 201 - 250 of 661 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads. .... A El-Mahdy, B Bolduc, J Upadhyay, R Shoukr, A Khoury. Vol 19, No 1 (2013), Factors affecting lower calyceal stone clearance after Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, Abstract PDF.

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Items 201 - 250 of 367 ... Issue, Title. Vol 42 (2013), Nursing the Cure: A Phonetic Analysis of /ʊə/ in South African English, Abstract PDF. I Bekker. Vol 1 (1980), Nuwe ontwikkelings binne chomsky se teorle van kerngrammatika, Abstract PDF. J Maartens. Vol 42 (2013), Obligatory Reflexivity in a Minimalist Grammar of ...

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Items 651 - 700 of 1007 ... Issue, Title. Vol 4, No 1 (1990), Kinetics of oxidation of β-diimihe macrocyclic complexes and accessibility of six-coordinate copper(III) complexes generated by electrochemical oxidation of copper(II) complexes, Abstract PDF. Mohamed A. Khalifa. Vol 14, No 2 (2000), Kinetics of periodate oxidation of ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 22, No 2 (2008), Voltammetric determination of heparin based on its interaction with malachite green, Abstract PDF. Xueliang Niu, Weili Zhang, Na Zhao, Wei Sun. Vol 22, No 2 (2008), Voltammetric determination of l-cysteic acid on a 1-[4-(ferrocenyl-ethynyl)phenyl]-1-ethanone modified carbon paste ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 265 ... Issue, Title. Vol 35, No 2 (2008), Choice of place for childbirth: prevalence and correlates of utilization of health facilities in Chongwe district, Zambia, Abstract PDF. AN Hazemba, S Siziya. Vol 43, No 1 (2016), Clinical and Radiological Features of Multiple Myeloma Patients at the University Teaching ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 88, No 8 (1998), New birth and death registration forms - a foundation for the future, a challenge for health workers? Abstract PDF. Debbie Bradshaw, Danuta Kielkowski, Freddy Sitas. Vol 83, No 3 (1993), New estimates of infant and child mortality for blacks in South Africa, 1968-1979, Abstract PDF.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 851 - 900 of 1006 ... Issue, Title. Vol 54, No 2 (2012), The effect of the introduction of a standard monitoring protocol on the investigations performed on the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes at Addington Hospital Medical Outpatients Department, Durban, South Africa, Abstract PDF. JM Gill, A Ross, F Pirie, ...

4-Fluoro-N-[(E-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene]aniline

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiban Podder

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The title compound, C16H16FNO3, exists in a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond [1.258 (2 Å]. The central methoxy O atom deviates from the plane of the attached benzene ring by 0.0911 (14 Å. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 47.58 (11°. The crystal structure features C—H...N and C—H...O interactions.

Use of the aniline blue-KOH staining in the study of the banana-Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet interaction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milady Mendoza-Rodríguez

2005-01-01

Full Text Available The analysis of the first stages of the infection process with the fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet was made beginning with the inoculation of young banana plants obtained from in vitro culture. The experimental system host-pathogen studied, included the susceptible cultivar ‘Niyarma yik’ (AA to Black Sigatoka disease and the Pseudocercospora fijiensis isolate CCIBP-Pf1. The fluorescent staining technique with KOH-aniline blue was used for this study. Samples from infected leaves were taken and incubated in a KOH solution, rinsed in deionized water, mounted in the stain solution and examined with ultraviolet fluorescence. The use of this technique allowed to observe the epiphytic growing of the fungus over the plant tissue with high resolution and contrast, in an early stage of the infection. Key words: Black Sigatoka, fungi, Musa

The synthesis of 7-chloro-5-pentadeuteriophenyl-1-methyl-1H-1, 5-benzodiazepine-2,4(3H, 5H)dione (( sup 2 H sub 5 )clobazam)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borel, A.G.; Abbott, F.S. (British Columbia Univ., Vancouver, BC (Canada). Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences)

1990-07-01

Pentadeuteriophenyl clobazam was synthesized in essentially quantitative isotopic purity, and characterized by {sup 1}H-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The title compound was found to be >98% pure by HPLC, and its retention time (t{sub R} 6.17 min) was less than that of an authentic clobazam standard (t{sub R} 6.32 min). Of the five steps in the synthesis of clobazam, the most susceptible to deuterium exchange was the nucleophilic substitution of 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene by aniline-d{sub 7} to form N-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)penta-deuteriophenylamine. In this step, the isotopic impurity aniline-2,3,4,5-d{sub 5} introduced protons from nitrogen into the ortho and para positions of the deuteriophenyl ring of N-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)pentadeuteriophenylamine. (author).

4-Chloro-N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinola Z. Rodrigues

2011-11-01

Full Text Available In the title compound, C15H16ClNO2S, the conformation of the N—C bond in the C—SO2—NH—C segment is gauche with respect to the S=O bonds. Further, the N—H bond in the C—SO2—NH—C segment is syn with respect to the meta-methyl group in the aniline benzene ring and the ortho-methyl group in the sulfonyl benzene ring. The C—SO2—NH—C torsion angle is −49.72 (18°. The sulfonyl and aniline benzene rings are tilted relative to each other by 71.6 (1°. The crystal structure features inversion-related dimers linked by pairs of N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 100 ... Issue, Title. Vol 28 (2013): Special Issue, Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in domestic animals in peri-urban communities of Kafue district, Zambia, Abstract. J Siwila, IGK Phiri, HI Enemark, M Nchito, A Olsen. Vol 26, No 1 (2009), Occurrence of foot and mouth disease serotypes in Tanzania: A ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 15 of 15 ... Issue, Title. Vol 1, No 1 (2008), Assessment Of Ophthalmic Patients' Satisfaction In Owo, Abstract. CO Omolase, CO Fadamiro, BO Omolase, AS Aina, EO Omolade. Vol 3, No 1 (2010), Case Report: Strongyloides stercoralis coinfection in a Nigerian with HIV. Abstract. A.A Oyekunle, R.A.A Bolarinwa, O.A ...

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Items 1 - 15 of 15 ... Issue, Title. Vol 1, No 1 (2007), An Action Five Strategy For Bridging The Gender Gap In Academic Research Activities In African Universities. The Case of Nigeria, Abstract PDF. DN Okorie, OG Agabi, CM Uche. Vol 1, No 1 (2007), Book Review: Confronting sexual harassment in Ghanaian Universities ...

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Items 201 - 240 of 240 ... Issue, Title. Vol 8, No 4 (2005), Status equipment in primary health centres of Tafa Lga, North Central Nigeria, Abstract. MN Sambo, I Lewis, K Sabitu. Vol 10, No 1 (2007), Stroke at a tertiary medical institution in Northern Nigeria: Patients\\' profile and predictors of outcome, Abstract. KW Wahab, MU ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 107 of 107 ... Issue, Title. Vol 6, No 1 (2017), The Ophthalmic status manifestations of nutritional and lifestyle disorders of men in a peri urban community in Ghana, Abstract PDF. F. Vuvor, M. Steiner-Asiedu, F.K. Saalia. Vol 2, No 1 (2013), Thyroid Disorders in Accra, Ghana: A Retrospective Histopathological Study ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 100 of 165 ... Issue, Title. Vol 30 (2005), Digitisation projects at the University of Cape Town Libraries, Abstract. Janine Dunlop, Lesley Hart. Vol 24 (2002), DISA: an African Perspective on Digital Technology, Abstract. Michele Pickover, Dale Peters. Vol 30 (2005), Doing it right – or are we? Basic principles in the ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 66 ... Issue, Title. Vol 48, No 1-2 (2015), A hierarchical modeling of information seeking behavior of school teachers in rural areas of Nigeria, Abstract. Manir Abdullahi Kamba. Vol 49, No 1-2 (2016), Access to electronic information resources by students of federal college of education in south east Nigeria ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 351 - 400 of 400 ... Issue, Title. Vol 9, No 1 (2010), Soft tissue sarcoma of the thigh: Need for angiography in the developing, Abstract PDF. IA Adigun, GA Rahman, KO Ogundipe. Vol 3, No 1 (2004), Spectrum of rheumatic heart disease in Zaria, Northern Nigeria, Abstract. SS Danbauchi, MA Alhassan, SO David, ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 51 - 68 of 68 ... Issue, Title. Vol 12, No 1-2 (2009), Sécurité et ordre politique au Cameroun : entre dynamiques internes et connexions internationales, Abstract PDF. BEP Chantal. Vol 6, No 1-2 (2003), Self-Determination, Nationalism, Development and Pan-Africanism Stuck on the Runway: Are Intellectuals to be Blamed ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 251 - 300 of 328 ... Issue, Title. Vol 7, No 1 (2003), Sexual Harassment in Academia in Nigeria: How Real? Details PDF. Olugbenga Jelil Ladebo. Vol 8, No 2 (2004), Shaping the internet for match-making/dating: a challenge for the contemporary Nigerian family institution, Abstract PDF. Wale Adesina. Vol 6, No 1 (2002) ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 198 ... Issue, Title ... Vol 7, No 1 (2013), Enterprise Cloud Adoption: Leveraging on the Business ... Load Balancing And Job Scheduling In Cloud Computing ... Vol 13, No 1 (2015), ICT-Based Framework for Improved Food Security in Nigeria ... Vol 5, No 1 (2012), IT-Based Solutions to the Electoral System in ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 20, No 1 (2015), Assessment of iron status among preschool children (6 to 59 months) with and without malaria in Western Province, Kenya, Abstract. I Kisiangani, C Mbakaya, A Makokha, D Magu. Vol 20, No 1 (2015), Assessment of iron status among preschool children (6 to 59 months) with and without ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 217 ... Browse Title Index. Journal Home > Advanced ... Vol 13, No 1 (2016), Access to specialized surgical care, Abstract PDF. H Saidi ... Vol 9, No 2 (2012), Clinical Assessment of the Palmaris Longus – Accuracy of common tests, Abstract PDF ... Vol 11, No 2 (2014), Clinical trials in Surgery, Abstract PDF.

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Items 201 - 250 of 1006 ... Issue, Title. Vol 49, No 8 (2007), Clinical approach to a patient with abnormal uterine bleeding, Abstract PDF. B G Lindeque. Vol 57, No 5 (2015), Clinical evidence in the management of swimmer's ear, Abstract PDF. Andre Marais. Vol 50, No 1 (2008), Clinical features of Systemic Lupus ...

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Items 251 - 300 of 2005 ... Issue, Title. Vol 92, No 4 (2015), Blood Pressure and Obesity Index Assessment in a Typical Urban Slum in Enugu, Nigeria, Abstract. GI Ahaneku, CU Osuji, OC Oguejiofor, BC Anisiuba, VO Ikeh, JE Ahaneku. Vol 80, No 10 (2003):, Blood pressure control in a population where antihypertensives are ...

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Items 51 - 100 of 644 ... Issue, Title. Vol 19, No 2 (2007), A qualitative study of medical student socialization in Malawi\\'s College of Medicine: Clincal crisis and beyond, Abstract PDF. C Wendland, C Bandawe. Vol 19, No 2 (2007), A qualitative study of medical student socialization in Malawi\\'s College of Medicine: Preclinical ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 101 ... Issue, Title. Vol 3, No 4 (2014), Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibodies seroprevalence among students in two tertiary institutions in Anambra state, Nigeria: a comparative study, Abstract PDF. CB Duru, FE Emele, ED Adinma, CO Ifeadike, KA Uwakwe, AO Oluboyo, BO Oluboyo, C Abejegah. Vol 2, No 1 ...

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Items 151 - 200 of 1038 ... Issue, Title. Vol 31, No 2 (2009), Assessing the utility of a continuous, underway fish egg sampler (CUFES) for sampling zooplankton, Abstract. S Sono, CL Moloney, CD van der Lingen. Vol 38, No 4 (2016), Assessing trophic adaptability is critical for understanding the response of predatory fishes to ...

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Issue, Title. Vol 17 (2005), A. C. conduction behaviour in amorphous WO3/CEO2 thin film, Abstract. B Yagoubi, C A Hogarth, A Boukorrt. Vol 16 (2003), A lossless image compression algorithm using variable block size segmentation, Abstract. Z Brahimi, K A Saadi, N Baraka. Vol 15 (2003), Analysis method of wavelet ...

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Items 451 - 500 of 1346 ... Issue, Title. Vol 32, No 1 (2015), Fire and the dynamics of two unpalatable grass species (Cymbopogon pospischilii and Elionurus muticus) in a semi-arid climate, Abstract. Hennie A Snyman. Vol 8, No 1 (1973), Fire as a method of controlling macchia (Fynos) vegetation on the Amathole Mountains of ...

Synthesis of biodegradable and electroactive multiblock polylactide and aniline pentamer copolymer for tissue engineering applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Lihong; Zhuang, Xiuli; Hu, Jun; Lang, Le; Zhang, Peibiao; Wang, Yu; Chen, Xuesi; Wei, Yen; Jing, Xiabin

2008-03-01

To obtain one biodegradable and electroactive polymer as the scaffold for tissue engineering, the multiblock copolymer PLAAP was designed and synthesized with the condensation polymerization of hydroxyl-capped poly( l-lactide) (PLA) and carboxyl-capped aniline pentamer (AP). The PLAAP copolymer exhibited excellent electroactivity, solubility, and biodegradability. At the same time, as one scaffold material, PLAAP copolymer possesses certain mechanical properties with the tensile strength of 3 MPa, tensile Young 's modulus of 32 MPa, and breaking elongation rate of 95%. We systematically studied the compatibility of PLAAP copolymer in vitro and proved that the electroactive PLAAP copolymer was innocuous, biocompatible, and helpful for the adhesion and proliferation of rat C6 cells. Moreover, the PLAAP copolymer stimulated by electrical signals was demonstrated as accelerating the differentiation of rat neuronal pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. This biodegradable and electroactive PLAAP copolymer thus possessed the properties in favor of the long-time application in vivo as nerve repair scaffold materials in tissue engineering.

Capacitance properties and structure of electroconducting hydrogels based on copoly(aniline - p-phenylenediamine) and polyacrylamide

Science.gov (United States)

Smirnov, Michael A.; Sokolova, Maria P.; Bobrova, Natalya V.; Kasatkin, Igor A.; Lahderanta, Erkki; Elyashevich, Galina K.

2016-02-01

Electroconducting hydrogels (EH) based on copoly(aniline - p-phenylenediamine) grafted to the polyacrylamide for the application as pseudo-supercapacitor's electrodes have been prepared. The influence of preparation conditions on the structure and capacitance properties of the systems were investigated: we determined the optimal amount of p-phenylenediamine to obtain the network of swollen interconnected nanofibrils inside the hydrogel which provides the formation of continuous conducting phase. Structure and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated with UV-VIS spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The maximal value of capacitance was 364 F g-1 at 0.2 A g-1. It was shown that the EH samples demonstrate the retention of 50% of their capacity at high current density 16 A g-1. Cycle-life measurements show evidence that capacitance of EH electrodes after 1000 cycles is higher than its initial value for all prepared samples. Changes of the copolymer structure during swelling in water have been studied with WAXD.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel urea and thiourea derivatives of valacyclovir

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katla Ramana Venkata

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A series of novel urea and thiourea derivatives of valacyclovir were efficiently synthesized in high yields and evaluated their antiviral activity. 2-((6-Amino-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-1-ylmethoxyethyl-2-amino-3-ethylbutanoate (valacyclovir 1 is reacted with various aromatic isocyanates/thiocyanates 2 in the presence of N, N- dimethyl piperazine as a base in THF: pyridine (4:1 to obtain valacyclovir urea/thiourea derivatives 3(a-j. The structures of the title compounds 3(a-j were confirmed by IR, NMR (1H, 13C, mass spectral and elemental analysis. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antiviral activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV and antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, SOD and GST methods. The title compounds exhibited potent antiviral and good antioxidant activities.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 801 - 850 of 11090 ... Issue, Title. Vol 10, No 61 (2011), Analysis of chemical constituents in medicinal plants of selected districts of Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan, Abstract PDF. I Hussain, R Ullah, J Khan, N Khan, M Zahoor, N Ullah, MuR Khattak, FA Khan, A Baseer, M Khurram. Vol 10, No 77 (2011), Analysis of chloroplast ...

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Items 151 - 200 of 387 ... Issue, Title. Vol 15, No 2 (2015), Introduction to Christian philosophy, Abstract. Charles Ogundu Nnaji. Vol 8, No 2 (2006), Is Quantum Mechanics a Complete Theory?: A Philosophical Defense of Einstein's Position, Abstract. U O Egbai. Vol 10, No 1 (2007), Jesus in Africa, Abstract. FF Edet. Vol 10, No ...

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Items 1 - 50 of 647 ... Issue, Title. Vol 13, No 2 (2010), 'N toekomstige perspektief op grondwetlike stabiliteit, Abstract PDF. F.W de Klerk. Vol 18, No 5 (2015), Cloete murray and Another v Firstrand bank ltd t/a Wesbank [2015] ZASCA 39A, Abstract PDF. M Laubscher. Vol 15, No 5 (2012), Cave Pecuniam: Lawyers as ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 814 ... Issue, Title. Vol 21, No 2 (2016), A 10 years trend of peptic ulcer disease and other gastrointestinal disorders in northern Uganda, Abstract PDF. T.R. Okello, D.M. Ogwang, I Pecorella. Vol 21, No 2 (2016), A 2-years description of traumatic brain injury admissions in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 319 ... Issue, Title. Vol 23, No 2 (2016), Carica papaya juice enhanced in-vitro cell proliferation better than freeze-dried PBS extract using scratch assay, Abstract. A.B. Nafiu, E Abdulaziz, M.T. Rahman. Vol 23, No 2 (2016), A comparative study of the ownership and utilization of insecticide treated nets in ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 52 ... Issue, Title. Vol 15 (2000), Ammi analysis of maize yield trials in South-Western Nigeria, Abstract. SR Ajibade, BA Ogunbodede. Vol 20 (2006), Association of yield with some agronomic characters in potatoes in a cool mid-altitude location, Abstract. CO Amadi, EE Ene Obong. Vol 20 (2006), Casein (CSN3) ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 249 ... Issue, Title. Vol 10, No 1 (2010), Ye Shakoch Chilot (the court of the sheikhs): A traditional institution of conflict resolution in Oromiya zone of Amhara regional state, Ethiopia, Abstract PDF. M Zeleke. Vol 15, No 3 (2015), A comparative analysis of the Post- Arab Spring National Dialogues in Tunisia and ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 683 ... Issue, Title. Vol 54, No 1 (2006), Bovine tuberculosis survey in urban and peri urban dairy farms in coastal humid region of Tanga, Tanzania, Abstract. ES Swai, G Shirima, S Bwanga, W Moshy. Vol 60, No 3 (2012), Browsing capacity and nutritive value of indigenous browses in a tropical Coastal ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 150 of 1215 ... Journal Home > Advanced Search > Browse Title Index. Log in or ... Vol 12, No 1 (2018), Analysis of the effects of frequent strikes on academic performance of students in universities in Nigeria: Edo State as a focal point, Abstract PDF ... Vol 6, No 1 (2012), Appraisal as a Determinant for Adequate ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 251 - 300 of 490 ... Issue, Title. Vol 6, No 2 (2010), Knowledge and patterns of use of highly active antiretroviral therapies in HIV management at Abuja, Nigeria, Abstract. Jill I Okpalugo, US Inyang, K Ibrahim, F Anita, Chinwe V Ukwe, NC Aguwa. Vol 5, No 4 (2009), Knowledge and utilization of the acts in two major ...

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Items 1 - 14 of 14 ... Issue, Title. Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Auditory and Respiratory Health Disorders Among Workers in an Iron and Steel Factory, Abstract. GM Abdel – Rasoul, OAE Mahrous, ME Abou Salem, MA Al-Batanony, HK Allam. Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Effect of An Educational Program About Medical Waste Management on ...

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Items 101 - 150 of 263 ... Issue, Title. Vol 1, No 2 (2002), Effect of Light and Darkness on Packed Cell Volume in the Rat, Abstract. A. A. OSINUBI, F. I. DURU, C. C. NORONHA, A. O. OKANLAWON. Vol 4, No 1 (2005), Effect of Marijuana Smoking on Blood Chemistry and Serum Biogenic Amines Concentrations in Humans ...

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Items 301 - 350 of 745 ... Issue, Title. Vol 9, No 3 (1999), Frequency And Outcome In AIDS Patients In A University Teaching Hospital – A Five Year Review, Abstract. SA Ogun, OO Adelowo, AEA ... Vol 18, No 2 (2008), Good cllinical practice in clinical drug trials - What you need to know, Abstract. K Soyebi, Y Abosede, HAB ...

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Items 151 - 200 of 4119 ... Issue, Title. Vol 86, No 2 (1996), A re-evaluation of isotope screening for skeletal metastases in nodenegative breast cancer, Abstract PDF. C.A. Gudgeon, I.D. Werner, D.M. Dent. Vol 104, No 6 (2014), A reflection on the South African Medical Association – past, present and future, Abstract PDF.

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Items 351 - 400 of 979 ... Issue, Title. Vol 45, No 9 (2003), Erectile dysfunction: A GP's guide to clinical assessment, Abstract PDF. PJ Harden. Vol 47, No 4 (2005), Ethical Issues in Family Practice: My Culture – Right or Wrong? Abstract PDF. GA Ogunbanjo, D Knapp van Bogaert. Vol 59, No 3 (2017), Ethical issues with ...

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Items 201 - 250 of 333 ... Issue, Title. Vol 15, No 1 (2016), Irrigation potential of Inuakpa in Odukpani local government of Cross river using Kostiakov model, Abstract PDF. B.O. Unuigbe, K.I. Ofem, N.R.B. Antigha. Vol 2, No 2 (2003), LABOUR USE IN SMALL-SCALE YAM PRODUCTION IN QUA'AN PAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 701 - 750 of 1010 ... Issue, Title. Vol 6, No 2 (1998), Performance et stabilité de rendement des génotypes de patate douce dans divers environnements à l'est du Congo, Abstract. P Phemba, T Mutombo, N B Lutaladio, E E Carey. Vol 22 (2014): Supplement, Performance of Artemia shell-free embryos, Moina micrura and ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 13, No 2 (2013), Using Mindfulness as a Teaching Aid for Phenomenology, Abstract PDF. IR Owen. Vol 8, No 1 (2008), Were Nietzsche's Cardinal Ideas – Delusions? Abstract PDF. Eva M Cybulska. Vol 12, No 1 (2012), What did you learn in school today? Abstract PDF. Carina Henriksson. Vol 5, No 1 (2005) ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 4351 - 4386 of 4386 ... Issue, Title. Vol 107, No 6 (2017), When students become patients: TB disease among medical undergraduates in Cape Town, South Africa, Abstract PDF. H van der Westhuizen, A Dramowski. Vol 106, No 4 (2016), Where do children die and what are the causes? Under-5 deaths in the Metro West ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Issue, Title. Vol 10, No 2 (2014), Sorindeia warneckei Engl. (Anacardiaceae), une espèce multi-usagère de la dépression de la Lama au Togo, Abstract PDF. A Akodewou, S Akpavi, M Dourma, K Batawila, KB Amegnaglo, W Atakpama, K Akpagama. Vol 10, No 1 (2014), Sterculia setigera Del.: influence de quelques ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 126 ... Issue, Title. Vol 8, No 2 (2016), 2010 FIFA World Cup stadium investment: Does the post-event usage justify the expenditure? Abstract PDF. Luke Humphrey, Gavin Fraser. Vol 6, No 1 (2014), 7Implication of mergers and acquisitions on stock returns before and during the 2007–2009 credit crunch: An ...

48 CFR 32.503-15 - Application of Government title terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... Application of Government title terms. (a) Property to which the Government obtains title by operation of the... Property; and (2) The termination clauses at 52.249, for termination inventory. (c) The contractor may sell... the scrap disposition. (d) When the title to materials or other inventories is vested in the...

20 CFR 411.552 - What effect will the subsequent entitlement to title II benefits have on EN payments for title...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What effect will the subsequent entitlement to title II benefits have on EN payments for title XVI beneficiaries after they assign their ticket? 411.552 Section 411.552 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION THE TICKET TO WORK AND SELF...

Matrix of Title V-Related And Air Grant-Eligible Activities

Science.gov (United States)

This document may be of assistance in applying the Title V air operating permit regulations. This document is part of the Title V Policy and Guidance Database available at www2.epa.gov/title-v-operating-permits/title-v-operating-permit-policy-and-guidance-document-index. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

Assessing and grouping chemicals applying partial ordering Alkyl anilines as an illustrative example.

Science.gov (United States)

Carlsen, Lars; Bruggemann, Rainer

2018-06-03

In chemistry there is a long tradition in classification. Usually methods are adopted from the wide field of cluster analysis. Here, based on the example of 21 alkyl anilines we show that also concepts taken out from the mathematical discipline of partially ordered sets may also be applied. The chemical compounds are described by a multi-indicator system. For the present study four indicators, mainly taken from the field of environmental chemistry were applied and a Hasse diagram was constructed. A Hasse diagram is an acyclic, transitively reduced, triangle free graph that may have several components. The crucial question is, whether or not the Hasse diagram can be interpreted from a structural chemical point of view. This is indeed the case, but it must be clearly stated that a guarantee for meaningful results in general cannot be given. For that further theoretical work is needed. Two cluster analysis methods are applied (K-means and a hierarchical cluster method). In both cases the partitioning of the set of 21 compounds by the component structure of the Hasse diagram appears to be better interpretable. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

Title XX and CETA. A Coordination Guide for Title XX Administrators.

Science.gov (United States)

Urban Management Consultants of San Francisco, Inc., CA.

Written for the social service (Title XX) administrator at the State or sub-State level, this guide is intended to serve four major purposes: (1) Provide selected insights into what the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) is and how it works; (2) point out potential areas for coordination which, from study or field experience, hold…

Luminescent Fluorene-Based Bis-Pyrazolyl Aniline Ligand for Aluminum Detection.

Science.gov (United States)

Frazer, Andrew; Morales, Alma R; Woodward, Adam W; Tongwa, Paul; Timofeeva, Tatiana; Belfield, Kevin D

2013-09-29

The design, synthesis, and photophysical properties of a new fluorene-based fluorescent chemosensor, 4-((E)-2-(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-9,9-diethyl-9H-fluoren-7-yl)vinyl)-N,N-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)benzenamine (AXF-Al), is described for the detection of Al 3+ . AXF-Al exhibited absorption at 382 nm and strong fluorescence emission at 542 nm (fluorescence quantum yield, Φ F , of 0.80). The capture of Al 3+ by the pyrazolyl aniline receptor resulted in nominal change in the linear absorption (372 nm) but a large hypsochromic shift of 161 nm in the fluorescence spectrum (542 to 433 nm, Φ F  = 0.88), from which Al 3+ was detected both ratiometrically and colorimetrically. The addition of other metal ions, namely Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , Hg 2+ and Pb 2+ , produced only minimal changes in the optical properties of this probe. The emission band of this probe was also accessed by two-photon excitation in the near-IR, as two-photon absorption (2PA) is important for potential applications in two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) imaging. The 2PA cross section of the free fluorenyl ligand AXF-Al was 220 GM at 810 nm and 235 GM at 810 nm for the Al-ligand complex, practically useful properties for 2PFM.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 201 - 250 of 327 ... Issue, Title. Vol 10, No 4 (2016), Omphalocoeles: A decade in review, Abstract PDF. S Singh, A Madaree. Vol 2, No 4 (2008), Ortner syndrome, Abstract PDF. E Meyer, NE Jones, LJ Zühlke. Vol 10, No 3 (2016), Outcome of children admitted to a general highcare unit in a regional hospital in the ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 356 ... Issue, Title. Vol 27, No 3 (2014), A desire for weight loss in season increases disordered eating behaviour risk and energy deficiency in athletes, Abstract PDF. HH Wright, R Ford, CR Botha. Vol 29, No 3 (2016), A review of infant and young child feeding practice in hospital and the home in KwaZulu-Natal ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 412 ... Issue, Title. Vol 32, No 2 (2013), Seinsverständnis and meaning in Heidegger, Abstract. Rafael Winkler. Vol 21, No 3 (2002), A defense of peace as a human right, Abstract. Patrick Hayden. Vol 26, No 2 (2007), A Kantian stance on teleology in biology, Abstract. AA Cohen. Vol 30, No 1 (2011), A Likely ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 200 of 286 ... Issue, Title. Vol 2, No 3-4 (2008), Impact of fire wood collection on trees species diversity in Bauchi state, Nigeria, Abstract. A Nura, A Ibrahim, I Mohammed, U Haruna. Vol 5, No 3 (2011), Impact of national special program for food security in Abia State, nigeria, Abstract. CO Emerole. Vol 5, No 1 (2011) ...

24 CFR 200.61 - Title.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Commissioner. (c) Endorsement of the credit instrument for insurance shall evidence the acceptability of title... GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Requirements for Application, Commitment, and Endorsement Generally...

Energy Information Data Base: serial titles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1980-06-01

The Department of Energy Technical Information Center (TIC) is responsible for creating bibliographic data bases that are used in the announcement and retrieval of publications dealing with all phases of energy. The TIC interactive information processing system makes use of a number of computerized authorities so that consistency can be maintained and indexes can be produced. One such authority is the Energy Information Data Base: Serial Titles. This authority contains the full and abbreviated journal title, country of publication, CODEN, and certain codes. This revision replaces previous revisions of this document

Title V Permitting Statistics Inventory

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — The Title V Permitting Statistics Inventory contains measured and estimated nationwide statistical data, consisting of counts of permitted sources, types of permits...

8 ỌZỌ TITLE: THE IGBOMAN'S ARISTOCRATIC INSTITUTION ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

But money may not be the problem of all the people who are yet to take titles. Some may not like ... Stage One: Payment - In this, the intending ọzọ title holder pays a little sum of money to the alliance group in ..... Orji, M. O. (1999). The History ...

27 CFR 46.205 - Guidelines to determine title to articles in transit.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... title to articles in transit. 46.205 Section 46.205 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND... determine title to articles in transit. The dealer may use the following guidelines to establish who holds title to articles in transit. (a) If State law mandates the change in title, then no agreement or...

The Translation of Films: Sub-Titling versus Dubbing

Science.gov (United States)

Voge, Hans

1977-01-01

A study of film translation. Well-documented opinions are given on the advantages and disadvantages of both dubbing and sub-titling. One of the tentative conclusions is that sub-titling is to be preferred because it preserves the original dialogue and allows the audience verying degrees of comprehension. A bibliography is provided. (AMH)

Solvent Dependency in the Quantum Efficiency of 4-[(4-Aminophenyl)-(4-imino-1-cyclohexa-2, 5- dienylidene) methyl] Aniline Hydrochloride.

Science.gov (United States)

Pathrose, Bini; Nampoori, V P N; Radhakrishnan, P; Sahira, H; Mujeeb, A

2015-05-01

In the present work dual beam thermal lens technique is used for studying the solvent dependency on the quantum efficiency of a novel dye used for biomedical applications. The role of solvent in the absolute fluorescence quantum yield of 4-[(4-Aminophenyl)-(4-imino-1-cyclohexa-2, 5- dienylidene) methyl] aniline hydrochloride is studied using thermal lens technique. It is observed that the variation in solvents and its concentration results considerable variations in the fluorescence quantum yield. These variations are due to the non-radiative relaxation of the absorbed energy and because of the different solvent properties. The highest quantum yield of the dye is observed in the polar protic solvent-water.

Biotransformations with plant tissue cultures.

Science.gov (United States)

Carew, D P; Bainbridge, T

1976-01-01

Suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus, Apocynum cannabinum and Conium maculatum were examined for their capacity to transform aniline, anisole, acetanilide, benzoic acid and coumarin. None of the cultures transformed acetanilide but each produced acetanilide when fed aniline. All three cultures converted benzoic acid to its para-hydroxy derivative. Coumarin was selectively hydroxylated at the 7-position by Catharanthus and Conium and anisole was O-demethylated only by older Catharanthus tissue.

Delay and probability discounting among payday and title loan recipients.

Science.gov (United States)

Mahoney, Colin T; Lawyer, Steven R

2016-04-01

Payday and title loans are short-term loans associated with significant economic impact. Behavioral theories of impulsive choice may provide insight into behavioral processes that underlie the propensity to take out payday and title loans. Adults between the ages of 18 and 30 recruited from the community completed delay and probability discounting tasks for hypothetical money as well as measures of substance use. Patterns of discounting were characterized using a hyperbolic decay model and area under the curve. Participants who took out a payday and/or title loan in the past (n=41) exhibited more impulsive choice patterns on the delay discounting task than did those who did not (n=255). Substance use mediated this relationship between payday and title loan retention and delay discounting. These findings suggest potentially important relationships between payday/title loan borrowing, substance use, and delay discounting. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

BF3·Et2O-promoted cleavage of the Csp-Csp2 bond of 2-propynolphenols/anilines: route to C2-alkenylated benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Xian-Rong; Qiu, Yi-Feng; Song, Bo; Hao, Xin-Hua; Han, Ya-Ping; Gao, Pin; Liu, Xue-Yuan; Liang, Yong-Min

2015-02-20

A novel BF3·Et2O-promoted tandem reaction of easily prepared 2-propynolphenols/anilines and trimethylsilyl azide is developed to give C2-alkenylated benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles in moderate to good yields. Most reactions could be accomplished in 30 min at room temperature. This tandem process involves a Csp-Csp2 bond cleavage and a C-N bond formation. Moreover, both tertiary and secondary propargylic alcohols with diverse functional groups were tolerated under the mild conditions.

Variation in job titles within the nursing workforce.

Science.gov (United States)

Leary, Alison; Maclaine, Katrina; Trevatt, Paul; Radford, Mark; Punshon, Geoffrey

2017-12-01

The work of specialist nursing has been under scrutiny for many years in the UK due to a perception that it is not cost-effective. A common issue is the lack of consistency of job titles, which causes confusion to the public, employing organisations, colleagues and commissioners of services. Lack of consistency has implications for the wider perception of advanced specialist practice in the worldwide community and the workforce more generally. This study aims to understand the variation in job titles in the UK population. A pre-existing data set of accrued studies into the work of nurses working in specialisms was mined for insight (N = 17,960). This study used knowledge discovery through data and descriptive statistics to perform secondary analysis. Mining these data revealed 595 job titles in use in 17,960 specialist posts once the specialism had been removed. The most commonly used titles were Clinical Nurse Specialist, Nurse Specialist/Specialist Nurse, Advanced Nurse Practitioner and Nurse Practitioner. There were three other primary groupings. These were variants with a specialist or technical prefix of suffix, for example Nurse Endoscopist, variants of seniority such as trainee, senior nurse for [specialism] or variants of function such as Nurse Prescriber. The clustering was driven primarily by pay band. A total of 323 posts were recorded as holding titles such as Advanced Nurse Practitioner or Specialist Nurse who were not registered with the Nursing & Midwifery Council. In this data set, there is a large array of titles, which appear to have little relationship with other factors like education. This is confusing to the public, employers and those commissioning services. It also demonstrates that the previous assumptions by Council for Healthcare Regulatory Excellence that advanced practice labels are associated with career progression are unsound and should be addressed by the regulator. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Design, Synthesis and Antifungal/Insecticidal Evaluation of Novel Cinnamide Derivatives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yanjun Xu

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Twenty novel cinnamamide derivatives were designed and synthesized using as lead compound pyrimorph, whose morpholine moiety was replaced by β-phenylethylamine. All the compounds were characterized by their spectroscopic data. The fungicidal and insecticidal activities were also evaluated. The preliminary results showed that all the title compounds had certain fungicidal activities against seven plant pathogens at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, and compounds 11a and 11l showed inhibition ratios of up to 90% against R. solani. Most of the title compounds exhibited moderate nematicidal activities. In general, the morpholine ring may be replaced by other amines and a chlorine atom in the pyridine ring is helpful to fungicidal activity.

Aboriginal Determination: Native Title Claims and Barriers to Recognition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zia Akhtar

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The Australian government has proposed a referendum in 2012 to decide the constitutional status of its indigenous people. There is at present no mechanism to define the indigenous people as a domestic or foreign entity of the Commonwealth. This is an important issue because other settler governments have developed a framework to implement their relationship with the native people. As a result, it is difficult prove title to land that has been abrogated by the deeds of the settlers. In Mabo v Queensland (2,the Commonwealth government was found to have breached its fiduciary duty to the Aboriginal peoples. The judgment led to the Native Title Act 1993 that established the process of asserting native rights that were held to coexist with pastoral ownership. The promulgation of the Native Title Amendment Act 1998 reversed this process and augmented the powers of non-native landlords by providing the device to extinguish native rights. In Western Australia v Ward, a mining lease was held to have precedence over native title that was adjudged to be part of a bundle of rights. In implementing the Native Title Act the issue turns on the determination of the ties to land/ sea that the government allows to the Aboriginal peoples. The judgment in Harrington-Smith on behalf of the Wongatha People v Western Australia indicates that title can be excluded on procedural grounds and that there was an incompatibility between the claims of the Aboriginal peoples and the settlers’ claims. The road map towards a more effective regime of proving title can be achieved if the Aboriginal peoples are granted recognition as a nation in the Constitution and a treaty is signed with them.

Electron momentum spectroscopy of aniline taking account of nuclear dynamics in the initial electronic ground state

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farasat, M; Golzan, M M; Shojaei, S H R; Morini, F; Deleuze, M S

2016-01-01

The electronic structure, electron binding energy spectrum and (e, 2e) momentum distributions of aniline have been theoretically predicted at an electron impact energy of 1.500 keV on the basis of Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamical simulations, in order to account for thermally induced nuclear motions in the initial electronic ground state. Most computed momentum profiles are rather insensitive to thermally induced alterations of the molecular structure, with the exception of the profiles corresponding to two ionization bands at electron binding energies comprised between ∼10.0 and ∼12.0 eV (band C) and between ∼16.5 and ∼20.0 eV (band G). These profiles are found to be strongly influenced by nuclear dynamics in the electronic ground state, especially in the low momentum region. The obtained results show that thermal averaging smears out most generally the spectral fingerprints that are induced by nitrogen inversion. (paper)