Mudanças de renda no Brasil: fatores espaciais, setoriais, educacionais e de status social

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José Alcides Figueiredo Santos

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo São analisadas as influências das variáveis espaciais, setoriais, educacionais e de status social nas mudanças de renda no Brasil entre 1992 e 2011. Estes fatores são considerados tanto de modo específico quanto em suas relações com classe social. O estudo combina o uso de medidas de diferenças observadas e de diferenças ajustadas por regressão quantílica. Nos modelos estimam-se tanto efeitos absolutos (em reais quanto relativos (percentuais. O trabalho aborda particularmente as alterações na renda mediana das categorias, mas observa também para as mudanças nos níveis superiores e inferiores da distribuição. A perda relativa de renda do Brasil metropolitano mostrou-se fortemente intrínseca à dimensão socioespacial. A queda nas discrepâncias brutas (não ajustadas de renda, de raça e de gênero envolveram combinações bem diferentes entre efeitos diretos e indiretos. Reduções nas desigualdades espaciais, setoriais e educacionais contribuíram para a diminuição da heterogeneidade dentro das classes sociais. Todos os cenários desenhados pelo jogo de controles estatísticos mostram que diminuiu sensivelmente a vantagem de renda dos que apresentam mais escolaridade. As mudanças de renda foram menores justamente entre as posições sociais que foram menos afetadas por alterações na distribuição ou dispersão da educação e os seus efeitos diretos e indiretos na renda.

241-SY-101 multi-functional instrument tree acceptance for beneficial use (ABU)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erhart, M.F.

1995-01-01

This document formally demonstrates that the ABU process for the 241-SY-101 risers 17B and 17C Multi-functional Instrument Trees (MIT's) has been properly completed in accordance with the approved ABU checklists. For each item required on the ABU Checklist, a bibliography of the documentation prepared and released to satisfy the requirements is provided. Release of this documentation signifies that the tank farm Operations, Engineering, and Maintenance organizations have accepted responsibility for the MIT'S in 241-SY-101 Risers 17B and 17C

Studi Eksperimental Pembuatan Ekosemen dari Abu Sampah dan Cangkang Kerang sebagai Bahan Alternatif Pengganti Semen

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Frieska Ariesta Syafnijal

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Telah dibuat ekosemen dari bahan abu sampah organik dan abu cangkang kerang. Sampah organik dibakar dengan insinerator pada suhu 1000oC. Abu cangkang kerang dipanaskan dengan furnace pada suhu 700oC. Hasil pengujian komposisi awal XRD (X-Ray Diffraction, Abu sampah organik mengandung 69,7% CaCO3; 12,1% KCl; 4% Cd0.15Gd0.85; 3% SiO2; 8,1% Fe ( Se0.5Te0.5 dan 3% Al2ErGe2, Abu cangkang kerang mengandung 100% CaCO3. Ditentukan tiga variasi jumlah komposisi Abu sampah:Abu cangkang kerang yaitu Ekosemen A (58,2%:40%; Ekosemen B (49,1%:49,1% dan Ekosemen C (54,01%:44,09%. Sebagai variabel kontrol digunakan Semen Portland jenis OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement merek ‘Semen Gresik’. Dilakukan pengujian fisika yaitu kuat tekan mortar dan densitas serbuk. Pengujian XRD dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi kimia dari ekosemen. Dari hasil pengujian fisika didapat ekosemen B paling mendekati nilai ‘Semen Gresik’ OPC yaitu kuat tekan 3 hari (7,2 kg/cm2 dan densitas serbuk (2,535 gr/ml.   

Modernisation or Westernisation of Johor under Abu Bakar: A Historical Analysis.

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A Rahman Tang Abdullah

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract: The transformation of Johor under Abu Bakar has been variously described as modernisation or westernisation. Westernisation argument is flawed because during the period under consideration, Johor was not yet fully under the control of the West. The archival records show that Johor’s transformation was self-initiated to promote the welfare of the people. The reforms Abu Bakar brought about in Johor affected more the Malay culture than Islamic rules and practices. Even then these reforms not simply modernised but elevated the position of certain aspects of Malay culture. It is, therefore, appropriate to describe Abu Bakar as the father of modern Johor.

Perkembangan Teater di Bali melalui Sosok Dramawan Abu Bakar

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I Nyoman Darma Putra

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract A Western-style of theatre has developed in Bali since the turnof the twentieth century, but it has rarely attracted scholarly attention. Studies on the performing arts in Bali have mainly focused on Balinese (traditional dance and drama. This should come as no surprise given that Balinese dance and drama have developed as a broad and inseparable part of Balinese custom and religious practice. Against this phenomena, this article traces the development of Western-style theatre in Bali through the artistic activities of the prominent playwright, performer and director, Abu Bakar. From the 1960s until the present, Abu Bakar has been an active promoter of Westernsty letheatre in Bali as well as in the main cities of Java andeven in Singapore. He has also has helped students and theatre groups around Bali to study and perform theatre. Initially, Abu Bakar established his own theatre group, Poliklinik, which hascontinued to stage performances as well as collaborating with young people or student theatre study clubs. His extensiverecord of artistic activity has been recorded in newspaper reports and reviews and these form the main source of documentation in this article. By examining qualitative data collected from newspaper archives and interviews, including with Abu Bakar, this article proposes a contemporary historyof theatre or modern drama in Bali.

Abu Kamil algèbre et analyse diophantienne

CERN Document Server

Rashed, Roshdi

2012-01-01

The mathematical wrks of Abu Kamil (floruit circa 880) were produced two generations after the works of Al-Khwarizmi, the founder of algebra. They opened up fields of research that proved fertile up until the seventeenth century, and were soon to become both a reference and a model. Their influence was decisive on the development of algebra in Arabic no less than in Latin and Hebrew. There will be found in the present publication the first rigorously critical edition of Abu Kamil s works, as well as the first ever translation into a modern language.Text and translation are preceded by an exhau

DELIGNIFIKASI BAMBU PETUNG (DENDROCALAMUS ASPER DENGAN EKSTRAK ABU JERAMI PADI DAN KAYU

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Endah Sulistiawati

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Kebutuhan tekstil di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk. Selama ini pemenuhan tekstil sebagian besar diimpor dari beberapa negara, antara lain: India, China, dan Jepang. Di sisi lain, Indonesia merupakan negara agraris, dengan limbah pertanian yang melimpah. Juga tanaman bambu tumbuh subur dan banyak terdapat di negeri ini. Keunggulan serat tekstil bambu adalah bersifat antiseptik, tahan terhadap mikroba. Penelitian ini merupakan salah satu langkah dalam pembuatan serat tekstil alami dari bambu petung (Dendrocalamus asper dan limbah pertanian yaitu abu jerami padi dan kayu, yaitu tahap delignifikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini mencari waktu perendaman bambu dalam ekstrak abu yang memberikan hasil terbaik. Bambu dipotong dan dibelah tipis, berukuran panjang 15 cm, setebal 0,5 mm. Mula-mula sampel bambu ditimbang (antara 12 sampai 57 gram, lalu direndam dalam ekstrak abu (jerami padi dan kayu sebanyak 500 ml dalam sebuah botol berkapasitas 600 ml dan ditutup. Perendaman dilakukan pada suhu kamar. Waktu perendaman bervariasi dari 4 jam hingga 80 jam. Setelah perendaman selesai, hasil disaring. Sampel filtrat dititrasi untuk diketahui konsentrasi alkali aktifnya. Bambu yang telah direndam lalu dikeringkan menggunakan oven pada suhu 110ºC sampai berat tetap. Selisih berat antara bambu awal dan akhir (kering dihitung, dan dianggap sebagai lignin yang terdegradasi. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perendaman menggunakan ekstrak abu jerami padi memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dari pada ekstrak abu kayu, karena pengurangan berat padatan lebih besar. Hasil yang tertinggi pada perendaman menggunakan ekstrak abu jerami padi selama 76 jam, dengan selisih berat (basis kering mencapai 44,5%.

Abu Ghraib: Prisoner Abuse in the Light of Islamic and International Laws

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Syed Serajul Islam

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract: This study analyses the prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib in the light of Islamic and International laws. Using documentary sources, the paper argues that Islamic law is far superior than the International law as enshrined in the Geneva Conventions and the United Nations Charter on the treatment of prisoners of war. It found the abuse of the prisoners at Abu Ghraib a routine operation carried out in obedience to orders issued by the higher authorities. The photographs portraying images of dehumanization in Abu Ghraib is unacceptable either in Islamic or international law.

Middle East gas export projects: The case of Abu Dhabi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al Marzooqi, H.

1995-01-01

Abu Dhabi is ranked in the industry journals in the top 5 in the world tables of both oil and gas reserves. Gas is produced both Onshore and Offshore from associated and non-associated fields. Production has tripped during the last ten years and will increase further in the next few years as a result of current and planned investment. Development of Abu Dhabi's gas resources is aimed at enhancing oil production and recovery, meeting local and export demand and eliminating waste. Companies in Abu Dhabi are involved in all the main sectors of gas industry including production, processing, transportation and sales. The first large LNG export project by sea in Arabian Gulf was established in 1977 from Abu to Japan. Development continues and the gas is exported as LNG and is also processed into LPG and Pentane Plus for export. Japan remains the main market. The volume of Condensate available for export and processing will increase significantly in the next few years. In order to ensure a continuing and increasing supply of gas to world markets, in future years, prices will need to provide an adequate return on investment and should also reflect the environmental advantages of gas. 9 tabs

Do the Photos Tell it All? Representing Torture in the Images from Abu Ghraib

OpenAIRE

Dauenhauer, Katrin

2009-01-01

In 2004, pictures of U.S. military personnel abusing detainees of the Abu Ghraib prison came to public attention, triggering a new debate on torture. This essay examines the shock potential of the photographs from Abu Ghraib as well as the representability of pain. It argues that the role of photography in the Abu Ghraib torture scandal is a complex and complicated one, oscillating between becoming complicit in the torture and exposing it.

In the remote western desert oasis of Egypt -Abu Minqar community ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Nesrine

Les habitants du village oasien d'Abu Minqar, au centre du désert occidental, ont démontré que les populations peuvent prendre en mains leurs ressources et en assurer une gestion des plus efficaces et équitables. Comme tous les habitants de l'oasis de Farafra, les agriculteurs d'Abu. Minqar font face à nombreux défis ...

TRADISI FIQH DALAM PEMIKIRAN KHALID ABU AL-FADL

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Qurrotul Ainiyah

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This research is descriptive and reflective, with lifting the theme "Tradition Fiqh Thought Khalid Abu al-Fadl", the theme is intended to explore the key ideas of Khalid discourse on contemporary Islamic legal by analyzing one of his main work, Speaking in God's Name: Islamic Law, Authority, and Women.dengan using content analysis approach to examine in depth the ideas Khalid Abu al-Fadl of Islamic law, the results of this study is the ideology of Salafism Khalid Critics argue that Islamic reformism partly responsible for creating credo closed, intolerant, and shallow in understanding the sacred texts of Islam deserves to be taken seriously.   Keywords: Fiqh, Khalid

SEGMENTAÃÃO DA BAIXA RENDA BASEADO NO ORÃAMENTO FAMILIAR

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Juracy Gomes Parente

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O mercado de baixa renda vem ganhando relevância econômica e as peculiaridades no seu padrão de consumo precisam ser entendidas. O objetivo deste trabalho da área de marketing é identificar, com base em um estudo de agrupamentos, padrões heterogêneos de consumo deste grupo de consumidores. Neste sentido, o presente artigo realiza um estudo descritivo do orçamento de uma amostra de 338 famílias de baixa renda de São Paulo oriundas da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF do IBGE â Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Usando micro dados da POF e aplicando a técnica de análise de conglomerados na composição do orçamento familiar, foram identificados cinco segmentos distintos de famílias de baixa renda, que foram aqui denominados de: "Sofredores do aluguel", "Jeitinho Brasileiro", "Valorização do ter", "Batalhadores pela sobrevivência" e "Investidores".

Crescimento econômico municipal em Mato Grosso: uma análise de convergência de renda

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Charline Dassow

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa os efeitos dos componentes setoriais do valor adicionado bruto sobre o crescimento econômico e a convergência de renda em Mato Grosso de 2001 a 2007. Adaptou-se o modelo de Barro e Sala-i-Martin para β convergência com técnicas econométricas espaciais. Os testes de autocorrelação espacial indicaram dependência espacial nas taxas de crescimento e composições setoriais da renda per capita no valor adicionado total. Houve convergência absoluta e condicional da renda nos municípios mato-grossenses. O setor agropecuário foi o principal responsável pelas oscilações econômicas, tanto para formação do valor adicionado como para a geração de renda.

Introduction of an Emergency Response Plan for flood loading of Sultan Abu Bakar Dam in Malaysia

Science.gov (United States)

Said, N. F. Md; Sidek, L. M.; Basri, H.; Muda, R. S.; Razad, A. Z. Abdul

2016-03-01

Sultan Abu Bakar Dam Emergency Response Plan (ERP) is designed to assist employees for identifying, monitoring, responding and mitigation dam safety emergencies. This paper is outlined to identification of an organization chart, responsibility for emergency management team and triggering level in Sultan Abu Bakar Dam ERP. ERP is a plan that guides responsibilities for proper operation of Sultan Abu Bakar Dam in respond to emergency incidents affecting the dam. Based on this study four major responsibilities are needed for Abu Bakar Dam owing to protect any probable risk for downstream which they can be Incident Commander, Deputy Incident Commander, On-Scene Commander, Civil Engineer. In conclusion, having organization charts based on ERP studies can be helpful for decreasing the probable risks in any projects such as Abu Bakar Dam and it is a way to identify and suspected and actual dam safety emergencies.

Crimes of obedience: "groupthink" at abu ghraib.

Science.gov (United States)

Post, Jerrold M; Panis, Lara K

2011-01-01

Clear evidence of authorization at the highest levels belies administration statements to the effect that the torture at Abu Ghraib was an aberration and simply unauthorized actions by rogue soldiers. The administration reflected a "group mind," demonstrating many qualities of "groupthink." Whatever was necessary, including torture and violation of the Geneva accords, the system in effect authorized, because of the perceived danger to the system and the desperate requirement to get the information out of "them" by whatever means necessary, information that could save lives. The sanctioned violence demonstrated the qualities identified by Kelman and Hamilton (1989) in their study of the Mylai massacre as characteristic of sanctioned massacres: authorization, routinization, and dehumanization. It would seem that officials and participants exhibited all of these characteristics in the decision to conduct extreme interrogation on the "unlawful combatants" imprisoned at Abu Ghraib.

Stated preferences for future management developments in the hospitality sector: a case study of Abu Dhabi, UAE

OpenAIRE

Al Suwaidi, Hamed

2014-01-01

Abu-Dhabi (AD) is the largest of the seven Emirates that comprise the United Arab Emirates. Abu-Dhabi, the capital of the UAE with 1,493,000 inhabitants, accounts for 86.7% of the total surface area of the state. The emirate of Abu-Dhabi, through its Policy Agenda 2007-2008, the strategic Plan 2008-2012 and the Plan Vision Abu-Dhabi 2030 has recently re-branded itself and has made a series of assertive moves in order to boost the tourism and hospitality sectors as a means to a more diversifie...

Modernisation or Westernisation of Johor under Abu Bakar: A Historical Analysis.

OpenAIRE

A Rahman Tang Abdullah

2008-01-01

Abstract: The transformation of Johor under Abu Bakar has been variously described as modernisation or westernisation. Westernisation argument is flawed because during the period under consideration, Johor was not yet fully under the control of the West. The archival records show that Johor’s transformation was self-initiated to promote the welfare of the people. The reforms Abu Bakar brought about in Johor affected more the Malay culture than Islamic rules and practices. Even then these refo...

Quanto custa para as famílias de baixa renda obterem uma dieta saudável no Brasil?

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Camila Aparecida Borges

2015-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o custo necessário para a obtenção de uma dieta saudável no Brasil e analisar o comprometimento dessa prática na renda familiar. Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2008. Aquisições de alimentos foram coletadas durante sete dias em 55.970 domicílios. Dois subconjuntos compostos apenas por famílias de baixa renda (≤ R$ 415,00 per capita/mês e ≤ US$ 1,00 per capita/dia foram analisados. A partir dos alimentos obtidos, foram calculados calorias, despesa com alimentação e o preço médio dos oito grupos alimentares presentes no Guia Brasileiro. Foram comparados os gastos atuais e ideais para os oito grupos. As obtenções excederam às recomendações para feijões, óleos/gorduras, doces, carnes/ovos e não alcançaram as recomendações para frutas, hortaliças, lácteos e cereais. Atingir as recomendações aumentaria os gastos com a alimentação em 58%, para indivíduos de renda/per capita de ≤ US$ 1,00 per capita/dia, e em 39%, para indivíduos com renda ≤ R$ 415,00, e comprometeria em 145% a renda familiar. Brasileiros de menor poder aquisitivo necessitam aumentar a renda para atingir a dieta ideal.

Pembuatan dan Pengujian Kualitas Semen Portland Yang Diperkaya Silikat Abu Ampas Tebu

OpenAIRE

Suci Wulandari, Indah Pratama

2015-01-01

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh penambahan abu ampas tebu terhadap kuat tekan mortar dan sifat fisis semen portland komposit, meliputi: kehalusan semen, kebutuhan air semen, waktu pengikatan semen, pemuaian dan komposisi kimia semen. Dari hasil penelitian, besar kuat tekan pada penggunaan abu ampas tebu dengan kadar 9% merupakan penambahan optimum pada mortar yang direndam larutan kapur jenuh Sedangkan dari hasil pengujian fisis yang meliputi kehalusan semen, kebutuhan air semen, waktu pengi...

Coincident Observations of Surface Ozone and NMVOCs over Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Abbasi, Naveed; Majeed, Tariq; Iqbal, Mazhar; Tarasick, David; Davies, Jonathan; Riemer, Daniel; Apel, Eric

2016-07-01

The vertical profiles of ozone are measured coincidently with non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) at the meteorological site located at the Abu Dhabi international airport (latitude 24.45N; longitude 54.22E) during the years 2012 - 2014. Some of the profiles show elevated surface ozone >95 ppbv during the winter months (December, January and February). The ground-level NMVOCs obtained from the gas chromatography-flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry system also show elevated values of acetylene, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, benzene, and toluene. NMVOCs and ozone abundances in other seasons are much lower than the values in winter season. NMVOCs are emitted from an extensive number of sources in urban environments including fuel production, distribution, and consumption, and serve as precursor of ozone. Transport sources contribute a substantial portion of the NMVOC burden to the urban atmosphere in developed regions. Abu Dhabi is located at the edge of the Arabian Gulf and is highly affected by emissions from petrochemical industries in the neighboring Gulf region. The preliminary results indicate that wintertime enhancement in ozone is associated with large values of NMVOCs at Abu Dhabi. The domestic production of surface ozone is estimated from the combination of oxygen recombination and NMVOCs and compared with the data. It is estimated that about 40-50% of ozone in Abu Dhabi is transported from the neighbouring petrochemical industries. We will present ozone sounding and NMVOCs data and our model estimates of surface ozone, including a discussion on the high levels of the tropospheric ozone responsible for contaminating the air quality in the UAE. This work is supported by National Research Foundation, UAE.

Balik-Terrorism: The Return of the Abu Sayyaf

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Abuza, Zachary

2005-01-01

...), a group previously known for its brutal, though hardly political, kidnappings. Though "Abu Sayyaf" is usually proceeded with the words the "al Qaeda-linked," there was little tangible evidence of such a link from the mid-1990s to 2002...

PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN SILIKA GEL DARI ABU SABUT KELAPA DAN ABU SEKAM PADI UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR LOGAM Cd2+

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AF Yusrin

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Penelitian mengenai pembuatan silika gel dari bahan baku abu sabut kelapa (ASK dan abu sekam padi (ASP telah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan kandungan silikanya. Bahan baku ASK dan ASP ditambah larutan NaOH dengan pemanasan dan peleburan pada suhu 500C selama 30 menit menghasilkan larutan natrium silikat, kemudian larutan natrium silikat masing-masing diasamkan dengan HCl 3 M hingga pH 7 dan dikeringkan hingga menjadi silika gel abu sabut kelapa (SG-ASK dan silika gel abu sekam padi (SG-ASP. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menyatakan bahwa SG-ASK dan SG-ASP menghasilkan silika berbentuk amorf, sedangkan hasil analisis FT-IR menyatakan bahwa silika gel memiliki gugus fungsi Si-OH, Si-O dan Si-H. Hasil penelitian mengenai uji penyerapan ion logam Cd2+ menunjukkan bahwa penyerapan optimum ion logam Cd2+ dalam larutan oleh SG-ASK adalah pada pH 6, waktu kontak 60 menit dan konsentrasi optimum 7,45 ppm. Hasil uji penyerapan optimum ion logam Cd2+ dalam larutan oleh SG-ASP pada pH 7, waktu kontak 90 menit dan konsentrasi optimum 11,78 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan SG-ASP lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kemampuan SG-ASK dalam menurunkan kadar ion logam Cd2+ dalam larutan.Research on the manufacture of gel silica from coconut husk ash (ASK and rice husk ash (ASP has been conducted by utilizing their silica contents. ASK and ASP were added by an NaOH solution, then by heated and melted at temperature 500C for 30 minutes to produce sodium silicate solution. The solution was then acidified separately with HCl 3 M up to pH 7 and dried into silica gel of coconut husk ash (SG-ASK and silica gel of rice husk ash (SG-ASP. The result of XRD characterization showed that SG-ASK and SG-ASP both produced amorphous silica, while the result of FT-IR analysis showed that silica gel had functional groups of Si-OH, Si-O and Si-H. The research on the test adsorption of Cd2+ metal ions showed that the optimum adsorption of Cd2+ metal ions in solution by SG

Designing Professional Development for Principals in a Context of Change: The Case of Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Blaik Hourani, Rida; Stringer, Patricia

2015-01-01

Schools in Abu Dhabi are going through a period of transformation and reform. The Abu Dhabi Education Council commenced a professional development plan for principals to enhance their capabilities to manage and initiate change in light of the reforms. This study was conducted to explore principals' perspectives on professional development…

Análise dos Fundos de Investimentos de Renda Fixa do Banco do Brasil S.A.

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Daniel Knebel Baggio

2015-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar o melhor fundo de investimento em renda fixa disponível para o público do varejo no Banco do Brasil. Tema escolhido devido a grande quantidade de investidores que adentraram nesse mercado de investimento depois da estabilização econômica do Brasil, gerando diversas dúvidas e movimentando vultosos volumes de dinheiro. O trabalho foi realizado com oito fundos de investimentos de renda fixa no Banco do Brasil, disponíveis no segmento varejo, compreendendo o período de fevereiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2013. Para tanto foi empregado como ferramenta de avaliação de desempenho dos fundos o Índice de Sharpe (1966. Os resultados indicam o fundo BB Renda Fixa LP Ind 20 mil como sendo o melhor investimento.

PEMANFAATAN ABU VULKANIK GUNUNG MERAPI SEBAGAI GEOPOLIMER (SUATU POLIMER ANORGANIK ALUMINOSILIKAT

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E. Kusumastuti

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Sintesis geopolimer telah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan abu vulkanik Gunung Merapi. Geopolimer merupakan suatu polimer anorganik aluminosilikat dengan rantai Si-O-Al yang disintesis dari material yang kaya akan silika dan alumina dengan larutan pengaktif natrium hidroksida. Analisis kandungan kimia abu vulkanik Merapi menunjukkan bahwa material ini termasuk material pozzolan dengan kandungan silika dan alumina yang tinggi, yakni 45,7% berat SiO2; 14,00% berat Al2O3; 16,1% berat CaO; 18,2% berat Fe2O3 dan 3,86% berat K2O. Perbandingan mol SiO2/Al2O3 dalam abu vulkanik Merapi tergolong tinggi yakni 5,55. Abu vulkanik Merapi dapat disintesis menjadi geopolimer meskipun mempunyai rasio mol SiO2/Al2O3 yang tinggi dengan menggunakan larutan pengaktif NaOH 66,67% serta menambah waktu curing selama 3 hari pada suhu 70°C untuk membantu proses kondensasi (lepasnya molekul air pada proses geopolimerisasinya. Geopolimerisasi abu vulkanik Merapi pada suhu kamar tidak dapat terjadi, ditandai dengan kekuatannya yang sangat rendah. Karakterisasi pada geopolimer berbahan dasar abu vulkanik menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan optimum dicapai pada komposisi dengan perbandingan abu vulkanik/Na silikat/NaOH/H2O sebesar 50/10/4/6 dengan kekuatan 61,16 MPa. Analisis kualitatif berupa fasa mineral dengan XRD dan ikatan kimia dengan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk fasa amorf aluminosilikat geopolimer dengan ikatan Si–O–Si atau Si–O–Al. Synthesis of geopolymer has been done by using Merapi volcanic ash. Geopolymer is an aluminosilicate inorganic polymer with Si-O-Al chain that has been synthesized from silica-and alumina-rich materials by using activator solution natrium hydroxide. The analysis of Merapi volcanic ash content showed that it was a pozzolan material containing high-silica alumina, with 45,7% of SiO2; 14,00% of Al2O3; 16,1% of  CaO; 18,2% of Fe2O3 and 3,86% of K2O. Mol ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 was high, it is 5,55. Although it

The meaning of education after Abu Ghraib: revisiting Adorno’s politics of education O que pode significar a educação após Abu Ghraib: revisitando a política de educação de Adorno

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry A. Giroux

2010-05-01

Full Text Available How might education be used to question the common sense of the war on terrorism or to rouse citizens to challenge the social, political, and cultural conditions that led to the horrible events of Abu Ghraib? Just as crucially, we must ponder the limits of education. Is there a point where extreme conditions shortcircuit our moral instincts and ability to think and act rationally? If this is the case, what responsibility do we have to challenge the reckless violence-as-fi rst-resort ethos of the Bush administration? Such questions extend beyond the events of Abu Ghraib, but, at the same time, Abu Ghraib provides an opportunity to connect the sadistic treatment of Iraqi prisoners to the task of redefi ning pedagogy as an ethical practice, the sites in which pedagogy takes place, and the consequences of pedagogy to rethinking the meaning of politics in the twenty-fi rst century. In order to confront the pedagogical and political challenges arising from the reality of Abu Ghraib, I want to revisit a classic essay by Theodor Adorno in which he tries to grapple with the relationship between education and morality in light of the horrors of Auschwitz. Keywords: Education. Adorno. Auschwitz. Abu Ghraib. Como pode a educação ser usada para questionar o senso comum da guerra ao terrorismo ou para insuflar os cidadãos a desafi ar as condições sociais, políticas e culturais que conduziram aos eventos horríveis de abusos contra prisioneiros iraquianos na prisão americana de Abu Ghraib? Só assim, de modo crucial, podemos ponderar os limites da educação. Até que ponto as condições extremas causam curto-circuito em nossos instintos morais e em nossa capacidade de pensar e agir racionalmente? Se for esse o caso, qual nossa responsabilidade em desafi ar o etos imprudente da “violência como primeiro recurso” da administração de Bush? Tais questões estendem-se além dos eventos de Abu Ghraib, mas, ao mesmo tempo, Abu Ghraib fornece uma

Produto interno bruto, emprego e renda do macrossetor da construção civil paranaense em 2006

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Kureski

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os multiplicadores de emprego e renda, direto, indireto e induzido para a economia do estado do Paraná, dando ênfase à indústria da Construção Civil. O primeiro passo para a realização do trabalho foi estimar a matriz de insumo-produto do estado do Paraná para 2006, por meio do método RAS. Na sequência, obteve-se o Produto Interno Bruto do macro-setor da Construção Civil ─ cerca de 8,07% do PIB do estado. Também foram estimados os volumes de emprego e renda direto e indireto induzido. Os resultados apontaram que o consumo final da indústria da Construção Civil gera 423,5 mil empregos, no valor de 2.418 milhões de reais de renda do trabalho.

Reading teh Myth: Public Teaching of Abu Bakar Ba'asyir

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Timothy Earl Behrend

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Abu Bakar Ba 'asyir, menurut media di luar Indonesia, dituduh sebagai penganjur terorisme dan revolusi melalui organisasi yang disebut Jamaah Islamiyah. Namanya sering dikaitkan dengan Al Qaidah, dan sejumlah peristiwa terorisme. Ia ditangkap karena desakan sejumlah negara atas Indonesia, melalui tuduhan sebagai aktor terorisme. Abu Bakar Ba'asyir sendiri merupakan seorang muslim taat, disiplin, tetapi juga absolutis dan simplistis. Ia memang, melalui pengajarannya, tampak berobsesi menegakkan syari'at Islam di negara Indonesia, untuk mengganti sistem kafir. Dalam hal ini, ia seorang radikalis. Tetapi, sesungguhnya ia bukan penganjur terorisme dan kekerasan dalam mencapai tujuannya, sebagaimana dituduhkan media. Sikap radikalnya, sesungguhnya, tak beda dengan sikap radikal kaum Kristen fundamentalis yang pernah terjadi di barat, terutama Amerika Serikat. Selain itu, ia juga sangat menentang Amerika yang dipandangnya telah melakukan hegemoni dan terorisme budaya.

A formação do capital social em uma comunidade de baixa renda.

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Souto-Maior Fontes, Breno Augusto

2004-10-01

Full Text Available Este artigo objetiva analisar as inserções em redes egocentradas de indivíduos de uma comunidade de baixa renda na cidade do Recife. A partir de algumas considerações iniciais sobre redes egocentradas, ensaiamos uma análise de redes construídas em uma comunidade de baixa renda. Os dados de que dispomos para análise foram extraídos de uma pesquisa empírica em uma comunidade de baixa renda na cidade do Recife. O nosso objetivo é verificar o quão de particular existe nessas populações de baixa renda, e o que se pode extrair de regularidades em redes egocentradas, e também observar, a partir de índices de capital social construídos, que posições diferenciadas na estrutura social podem existir quando se introduz a variável "rede social". Interessa-nos particularmente discutir as hipóteses de FLAP sobre relações sociais como recursos ou como capital. Os índices construídos nos remeterão a três grandes blocos de questões: (a o número de relações onde se inscrevem capacidades potenciais para ajudas; (b a extensão das redes de ajuda, função da intensidade das relações; e (c os recursos que podem ser alocados a partir dessas relações. As bases empíricas desse artigo dizem respeito a informações extraídas de redes egocentradas da comunidade de Chão de Estrelas, Recife. Foram aplicados 295 questionários, a partir de amostra aleatória simples em um universo de 1.131 domicílios (sendo escolhida uma pessoa adulta por domicílio.

Communication and Collaboration in Library Technical Services: A Case Study of New York University in Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Parrott, Justin

2016-01-01

New York University Abu Dhabi Library has developed new strategies to increase efficiency in technical services processing between units based in New York and Abu Dhabi. This case study discusses the challenges specific to the international context and the methods used to overcome them, increase speed processing, and ultimately improve patron…

Measurement of solar energy radiation in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Islam, M.D.; Kubo, I.; Ohadi, M.; Alili, A.A. [Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 2533 (United Arab Emirates)

2009-04-15

This paper presents data on measurement of actual solar radiation in Abu Dhabi (24.43 N, 54.45 E). Global solar radiation and surface temperatures were measured and analyzed for one complete year. High resolution, real-time solar radiation and other meteorological data were collected and processed. Daily and monthly average solar radiation values were calculated from the one-minute average recorded values. The highest daily and monthly mean solar radiation values were 369 and 290 W/m{sup 2}, respectively. The highest one-minute average daily solar radiation was 1041 W/m{sup 2}. Yearly average daily energy input was 18.48 MJ/m{sup 2}/day. Besides the global solar radiation, the daily and monthly average clearness indexes along with temperature variations are discussed. When possible, global solar energy radiation and some meteorological data are compared with corresponding data in other Arab state capitals. The data collected indicate that Abu Dhabi has a strong potential for solar energy capture. (author)

Measurement of solar energy radiation in Abu Dhabi, UAE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Islam, M.D.; Kubo, I.; Ohadi, M.; Alili, A.A.

2009-01-01

This paper presents data on measurement of actual solar radiation in Abu Dhabi (24.43 deg. N, 54.45 deg. E). Global solar radiation and surface temperatures were measured and analyzed for one complete year. High resolution, real-time solar radiation and other meteorological data were collected and processed. Daily and monthly average solar radiation values were calculated from the one-minute average recorded values. The highest daily and monthly mean solar radiation values were 369 and 290 W/m 2 , respectively. The highest one-minute average daily solar radiation was 1041 W/m 2 . Yearly average daily energy input was 18.48 MJ/m 2 /day. Besides the global solar radiation, the daily and monthly average clearness indexes along with temperature variations are discussed. When possible, global solar energy radiation and some meteorological data are compared with corresponding data in other Arab state capitals. The data collected indicate that Abu Dhabi has a strong potential for solar energy capture

Weqaya: A Population-Wide Cardiovascular Screening Program in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Harrison, Oliver; Al Siksek, Zaid

2012-01-01

Objectives. We sought to determine cardiovascular risk factor prevalence rates among adults in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Methods. We used self-reported indicators, anthropometric measures, and blood tests to screen 50 138 adults aged 18 years or older taking part in a population-wide cardiovascular screening program. Results. Participants’ mean age was 36.82 years (SD = 14.3); 43% were men. Risk factor prevalence rates were as follows: obesity, 35%; overweight, 32%; central obesity, 55%; diabetes, 18%; prediabetes, 27%; dyslipidemia, 44%; and hypertension, 23.1%. In addition, 26% of men were smokers, compared with 0.8% of women. Age-standardized diabetes and prediabetes rates were 25% and 30%, respectively, and age-standardized rates of obesity and overweight were 41% and 34%. Conclusions. This population-wide cardiovascular screening program demonstrated a high cardiovascular burden for our small sample in Abu Dhabi. The data form a baseline against which interventions can be implemented and progress monitored as part of the population-wide Abu Dhabi Cardiovascular Disease Program. PMID:21940918

Implementing a multifaceted intervention to decrease central line-associated bloodstream infections in SEHA (Abu Dhabi Health Services Company) intensive care units: the Abu Dhabi experience.

Science.gov (United States)

Latif, Asad; Kelly, Bernadette; Edrees, Hanan; Kent, Paula S; Weaver, Sallie J; Jovanovic, Branislava; Attallah, Hadeel; de Grouchy, Kristin K; Al-Obaidli, Ali; Goeschel, Christine A; Berenholtz, Sean M

2015-07-01

OBJECTIVE To determine whether implementation of a multifaceted intervention would significantly reduce the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infections. DESIGN Prospective cohort collaborative. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Intensive care units of the Abu Dhabi Health Services Company hospitals in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. INTERVENTIONS A bundled intervention consisting of 3 components was implemented as part of the program. It consisted of a multifaceted approach that targeted clinician use of evidence-based infection prevention recommendations, tools that supported the identification of local barriers to these practices, and implementation ideas to help ensure patients received the practices. Comprehensive unit-based safety teams were created to improve safety culture and teamwork. Finally, the measurement and feedback of monthly infection rate data to safety teams, senior leaders, and staff in participating intensive care units was encouraged. The main outcome measure was the quarterly rate of central line-associated bloodstream infections. RESULTS Eighteen intensive care units from 7 hospitals in Abu Dhabi implemented the program and achieved an overall 38% reduction in their central line-associated bloodstream infection rate, adjusted at the hospital and unit level. The number of units with a quarterly central line-associated bloodstream infection rate of less than 1 infection per 1,000 catheter-days increased by almost 40% between the baseline and postintervention periods. CONCLUSION A significant reduction in the global morbidity and mortality associated with central line-associated bloodstream infections is possible across intensive care units in disparate settings using a multifaceted intervention.

A distribuição de quase-renda e a estratégia de diferenciação no café

OpenAIRE

Saes, Maria Sylvia Macchione

2007-01-01

A estratégia de diferenciação por parte dos produtores rurais visa evitar a concorrência preço e o declínio de sua participação no valor total gerado pela cadeia produtiva. A diferenciação leva à criação de quase- renda positiva, mas não garante que, na relação com os compradores, a renda extra seja distribuída favoravelmente para o segmento rural. O trabalho tem como objetivo discutir teoricamente como será distribuída a quase-renda ao longo tempo, considerando a relação entre produtores rur...

ANALISIS EKONOMI ISLAM TERHADAP BAGI HASIL PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH UNTUK USAHA MIKRO PADA BAITUL QIRADH ABU INDRAPURI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jumadi Jumadi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This study generally aims to analyze the concept of mudharabah financing in Baitul Qiradh (BQ Abu Indrapuri for micro-enterprises. Specifically, the paper reviews the systems implemented in the management and revenue-sharing mechanisms derived from these micro-enterprises. This study employs primary and secondary data which were collected through interview and documentation studies. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis method. The findings show that generally the concept of mudharabah financing in BQ Abu Indrapuri is based on Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional No. 07/DSN/MUI/IV/2000. In the implementation level, however, the application of profit sharing and collateral system was not fully shariah compliance. The imbalance between the concept and implementation because the BQ still refers to the conventional banking rules. =========================================== Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep pembiayaan mudharabah pada Baitul Qiradh (BQ Abu Indrapuri untuk usaha mikro. Secara spesifik, tulisan mengkaji tentang sistem yang diterapkan dalam pengelolaan dan mekanisme pembagian pendapatan yang diperoleh dari usaha mikro tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara bebas, dan studi dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum konsep pembiayaan mudharabah pada BQ Abu Indrapuri berpedoman pada Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional No.07/DSN/MUI/IV/2000. Akan tetapi, dalam implementasinya masih terdapat hal-hal yang tidak sesuai dengan konsep syariah yaitu pada sistem bagi hasil dan jaminan. Terdapat ketimpangan antara konsep dan implementasi disebabkan karena BQ Abu Indrapuri masih mengacu pada aturan sistem perbankan konvensional.

Reflections on the Reggio Emilia Approach as Inspiration for Early Childhood Teacher Education in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Fiona S.

2015-01-01

This article discusses a teacher educator's reflections on her participation in an international study group and visits to the infant-toddler and pre-schools of Reggio Emilia, Italy, as inspiration for early childhood teacher education in Abu Dhabi, UAE. The following five themes are reflected on, for teacher education in the context of Abu Dhabi:…

Science as Interests but Not for Career: Understanding High School Students' Engagement in Science in Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Guang; Badri, Masood; Al-Mazroui, Karima; Al-Rashedi, Asma; Nai, Peng

2017-01-01

Understanding high school students' engagement in science is important for the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Drawing on data from the ROSE Survey conducted in Abu Dhabi schools in 2013, this paper used a multi-dimensional framework to explore associations between high school students' engagement in science and a range of student psychosocial and…

OIL SPILL DETECTION AND MONITORING OF ABU DHABI COASTAL ZONE USING KOMPSAT-5 SAR IMAGERY

OpenAIRE

H. A. Harahsheh

2016-01-01

Abu Dhabi Government endorsed vision for its Maritime Strategy ‘A safe, secure and sustainable maritime domain for Abu Dhabi'. This research study share this vision using the concept of monitoring as tool for marine protection against any possible oil pollution. The best technology to detect and monitor oil pollution and in particularly oil spill is SAR imagery In this case study we chose KOMPSAT-5 SAR. KOMPSAT-5 carries X-band SAR for earth observation, and is capable of day-...

Parking problems in Abu Dhabi, UAE toward an intelligent parking management system “ADIP: Abu Dhabi Intelligent Parking”

OpenAIRE

Alkheder, Sharaf A.; Al Rajab, Murad M.; Alzoubi, Khalid

2016-01-01

Car parking is a serious problem in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in general and in United Arab Emirates (UAE) in particular. This problem has been associated with the exceptional growth in the number of cars, buses, trucks, and other modes of transportation over the past few decades. In Abu Dhabi (the capital city of UAE), finding a parking at some locations is a real challenge due to the lack of available parking slots in the city. In 2009, in order to organize the randomness in ...

Produto interno bruto, emprego e renda do macrossetor da construção civil paranaense em 2006

OpenAIRE

Kureski,Ricardo

2011-01-01

Este artigo apresenta os multiplicadores de emprego e renda, direto, indireto e induzido para a economia do estado do Paraná, dando ênfase à indústria da Construção Civil. O primeiro passo para a realização do trabalho foi estimar a matriz de insumo-produto do estado do Paraná para 2006, por meio do método RAS. Na sequência, obteve-se o Produto Interno Bruto do macro-setor da Construção Civil ─ cerca de 8,07% do PIB do estado. Também foram estimados os volumes de emprego e renda direto ...

Comunicación y territorialización. Extraños en Abu Ghraib

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Peñamarín

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo estudia los medios en los procesos de territorialización y de formación de “causas colectivas”, que mueven la acción política, en los discursos públicos durante la guerra de Irak y en las fotografías de Abu Ghraib. Para ello, analiza la transmisión de emociones colectivizadoras de acuerdo con las diferentes categorizaciones de los otros. The paper studies media in territory processes and the formation of "collective causes", that can move political action, in public discourses during Iraq war and in Abu Ghraib pictures. For this purpose, it analyses transmission of collective emotions based on different categories of “the others”.

Global solar radiation: Multiple on-site assessments in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

El Chaar, Lana; Lamont, Lisa A. [Petroleum Institute, Electrical Engineering Department, P.O. Box 2533, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)

2010-07-15

Renewable energy technology and in particular solar energy is being considered worldwide due to the fluctuations in oil prices, global warming and the growing demand for energy supply. This paper investigates the climate conditions available in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in particular Abu Dhabi to implement Photovoltaic (PV) technology. Measured solar radiation was analyzed for five different geographical locations to ensure the suitability of this region. Hourly, daily and monthly global horizontal irradiation (GHI) were collected and processed. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the computed GHI and showed high values especially during the summer period. Moreover, clearness index was calculated to investigate the frequency of cloudy sky days and results have shown a high percentage of clear days during the year. This paper highlights a promising future for Abu Dhabi in the solar energy sector and in particular Photovoltaic (PV) technology. (author)

A relação entre renda e composição domiciliar dos idosos no Brasil: um estudo sobre o impacto do recebimento do Benefício de Prestação Continuada

OpenAIRE

Maira Andrade Paulo

2008-01-01

Este trabalho investiga a relação entre renda e arranjo domiciliar do idoso. Duas hipóteses são levantadas na literatura acerca do impacto da renda no arranjo domiciliar. Por um lado, o recebimento de uma renda pode impulsionar os idosos a buscarem privacidade e independência, optando por morarem sozinhos. Por outro lado, uma renda recebida pelo idoso pode atrair familiares que buscam usufruir dos benefícios dessa renda. Essa discussão é bastante oportuna no atual contexto brasileiro, que vem...

Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG): An Al-Qaeda Associate Case Study

Science.gov (United States)

2017-10-01

Enduring Freedom -Philippines PNP Philippine National Police viii PSF Philippine Security Forces SAF Special Action Forces SOF...Enduring Freedom Philippines. 1 5 Table 2. U.S. approaches to ASG 46 Robinson...Implications for Future Defense Strategy.” 48 Anthony Measures, “What is Abu Sayyaf?” Centre on Religion and Geopolitics. May 17, 2016. Accessed

Distribution of heavy metals in the coastal area of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.

Science.gov (United States)

Al Rashdi, Saeed; Arabi, Alya A; Howari, Fares M; Siad, Abdi

2015-08-15

Fifty-seven sediment samples were collected from Abu Dhabi coastal area, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The concentrations of heavy metals including antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, mercury, lead, molybdenum, nickel and zinc were obtained using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and X-ray fluorescence. Heavy metal contaminations in Abu Dhabi had increased since 2004. Nevertheless, the enrichment factors, geoaccumulation indices and the pollution load index of 0.3 showed no pollution with any of the measured metals except arsenic. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Human brucellosis in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2010-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Al Shehhi, Nawal; Aziz, Faisal; Al Hosani, Farida; Aden, Bashir; Blair, Iain

2016-10-12

Worldwide, human brucellosis remains an important and widespread infection. In the past, there were limited data on the occurrence of human brucellosis in the United Arab Emirates and the reported incidence appeared to be low compared with similar areas. In 2009, a new web-based infectious disease surveillance system was introduced in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. This paper reports data from this new system on human brucellosis for the 6 years 2010 to 2015. A dataset was extracted for each case of human brucellosis reported to the notification system for the 6 year period January 2010 to December 2015. Annual brucellosis rates by age-group, gender, nationality and, geographical region were calculated and compared. A total of 480 cases of brucellosis were reported. The overall crude notification rate was 3 · 3 per 100,000 population but higher rates were seen in certain population subgroups notably expatriate males of working age in the Eastern Region (approximately 10 per 100,000) and UAE nationals of all ages and both genders in Abu Dhabi (between 4 -- 24 per 100,000). These findings reflect environmental and behavioral factors linked to occupation and leisure time activities associated with the large number of small non-commercial livestock farms in Abu Dhabi. Controlling human brucellosis in these circumstances will be challenging.

The stratigraphic record of Khawr Al Maqta, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Lokier, S. W.; Herrmann, S.

2012-04-01

Well-constrained modern depositional analogues are vital to the development of accurate geological reservoir models. The development of realistic hydrocarbon reservoir models requires the application of high-precision, well-constrained outcrop and sub-surface data sets with accurately-documented facies geometries and depositional sequence architectures. The Abu Dhabi coastline provides the best modern analogue for the study of ramp-style carbonate depositional facies akin to those observed in the sub-surface reservoirs of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). However, all previous studies have relied on temporally limited surface datasets. This study employed thirty five shallow subsurface cores spanning the width of the Khawr Al Maqta - the narrow shallow tidal channel that separates Abu Dhabi Island from the mainland. The cores were taken over a transect measuring 1.2 km in length by 50 m wide thus providing a high-resolution record of sub-surface facies geometries in a stratigraphically complex setting. Geometries in these Pleistocene to Holocene facies are complex with interdigitating, laterally heterogeneous carbonate, siliciclastic and evaporite units represented throughout the area of the study. Carbonate facies range from molluscan rudstones to marls and are all indicative of deposition in a shallow, relatively low energy marine setting akin to that seen in the environs of Abu Dhabi Island today. Texturally mature quartz sands occur as thin lenses and as thin cross bedded or laminated horizons up to twenty five centimetres thick. Glauconitic mudstones are common and locally exhibit evidence of rootlets and desiccation cracks. Evaporites are present in the form of gypsum occurring as isolated crystals and nodules or as massive chicken-wire units in excess of three metres thick. All of these textures are consistent with evaporite development in the shallow subsurface. Early, shallow-burial diagenesis has been important. Bioclasts are pervasively leached throughout

Valores que motivam mulheres de baixa renda a comprar produtos de beleza.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luís Alexandre Grubits de Paula Pessôa

2013-02-01

Full Text Available O artigo tem como objetivo identificar valores individuais que motivam mulheres de baixa renda, mesmo vivendo com severas limitações financeiras, a comprar produtos de beleza, que poderiam, à primeira vista, ser considerados itens supérfluos. O modelo de cadeia meios-fim de Gutman (1982 e os tipos de valores de Rokeach (1973 e Floch (1990 constituíram sua base conceitual. Foram conduzidas entrevistas em profundidade, empregando a técnica laddering (REYNOLD; GUTMAN, 1988, com 17 mulheres de baixa renda residentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As entrevistas também foram interpretadas com o auxílio de análises de conteúdo e de discurso. Os resultados trazem evidências de que, com o uso de produtos de beleza, as consumidoras de baixa renda buscam elevar sua autoestima, constantemente abalada pelas restrições financeiras, que as coloca em permanente situação de desvantagem. Também buscam, por meio da beleza, obter respeito de classes sociais hierarquicamente superiores, já que a aparência parece ser uma maneira eficaz para diminuir sua percepção de discriminação por serem pobres. As entrevistadas mostraram-se muito conscientes de suas limitações orçamentárias para aquisição de produtos de beleza, comprando apenas o que podem pagar. A marca dos produtos selecionados para compra surgiu como fator importante em suas escolhas, não para obter status, mas como garantia da qualidade dos produtos. Este trabalho buscou ampliar o conhecimento sobre o comportamento de consumo dos grupos sociais na base da pirâmide, examinando questões ainda pouco exploradas, como valores de sua subcultura. Sob a perspectiva gerencial, esta pesquisa propõe contribuições para a gestão do composto de marketing de empresas que pretendam atuar nesse mercado.

Crescimento econômico, diferenciais regionais de renda e migração : teoria e evidências empíricas

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Carlos Wagner de Albuquerque

2009-01-01

Os modelos neoclássicos que versam sobre crescimento econômico apresentam como corolário a convergência de renda entre regiões. Não obstante, o Brasil se caracteriza historicamente pela concentração geográfica da produção e da renda. Recentemente, essa possibilidade tem sido incorporada pela teoria, cujos argumentos se pautam na existência de vantagens comparativas, retornos crescentes de escala, economias de aglomeração e externalidades marshallianas. A questão então...

Mineralogy and mineral chemistry of rare-metal pegmatites at Abu Rusheid granitic gneisses, South Eastern Desert, Egypt

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamed Fahmy Raslan

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The Abu Rushied area, situated in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt is a distinctive occurrence of economically important rare-metal mineralization where the host rocks are represented by granitic gneisses. Correspondingly, mineralogical and geochemical investigation of pegmatites pockets scattered within Abu Rusheid granitic gneisses revealed the presence of Hf-zircon, ferrocolumbite and uranyl silicate minerals (uranophane and kasolite. Electronmicroprobe analyses revealed the presence of Nb-Ta multioxide minerals (ishikawaite, uranopyrochlore, and fergusonite, uraninite, thorite and cassiterite as numerous inclusions in the recorded Hf-zircon and ferrocolumbite minerals.Abu Rusheid pegmatites are found as small and large bodies that occur as simple and complex (zoned pegmatites.Abu Rusheid rare-metal pegmatites occur as steeply dipping bodies of variable size, ranging from 1 to 5 m in width and 10 to 50 m in length. The zoned pegmatites are composed of wall zone of coarser granitic gneisses, intermediated zone of K-feldspar and pocket of mica (muscovite and biotite, and core of quartz and pocket ofmica with lenses of rare metals.The zircon is of bipyramidal to typical octahedral form and short prisms. Because the zircon of the investigated Abu Rushied pegmatite frequently contains hafnium in amounts ranging between 2.31 and 11.11%, the studied zircon was designated as Hf-rich zircon. This zircon commonly exhibits a normal zoning with rims consistentlyhigher in Hf than cores. The bright areas in the crystal either in core or rim showed a remarkable enrichment in hafnium content (8.83–11.11% with respect to the dark zones (3.19%. The investigated ferroclumbite commonly exhibits zoning; the dark zone is low in the Ta and U but the light zone is enriched in Ta (13% and U (1%. EMPAanalyses indicate the chemical composition of ishikawaite with U ranging from 0.68 to 0.79 per formula unit.Uranopyrochlore species has dominant uranium in the A

The Abu Ghraib Scandal: Impact on the Army Profession and the Intelligence Process

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Bland, Dean

2005-01-01

.... Allegations of physical and emotional abuses by U.S. military personnel against Iraqi detainees in the Abu Ghraib prison shocked the world and led to calls for investigations, punishments, resignations, and war policy adjustments...

A Comparative Analysis into U.S. Military Abuses at the My Lai Massacre and Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal

Science.gov (United States)

2015-06-01

loneliness and depression .24 He also reveals the escalation of violence that took place, such as shooting stray dogs for sport.25 As mentioned above... YouTube video, 9:51, posted by “Ryan Plant,” December 1, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDAd8i7dAWs. 24 Aiden Delgado, Sutras of Abu Ghraib...terrorist group of global reach has been 80 “Ghosts of Abu Ghraib,” YouTube video, 78:16, directed by

Human Right Abuses of Prisoners at Abu Ghraib

OpenAIRE

Lisa D. Henry

2017-01-01

Abu Ghraib, located a few miles on the western end of Baghdad, was an infamous prison facility, during the reigns of Saddam Hussein. Thousands of inmates were held at one time in the facility. Inmates were subjected to executions and torture along with despicable living conditions. After U.S. intimated the collapse of the vile regime of Hussein in 2002-03, lootings followed. The prison facility was also a target of such mob attacks. This led to the facility’s already bare minimum fixtures des...

The dethronement of income as a cause of health: an essay O destronamento da renda como causa da saúde: um ensaio

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Philip Musgrove

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Income, whether of nations, groups or individuals, appears in many analyses to have a strong relation to health status and even to be the principal explanatory variable for health differences. Poor people tend to be sicker than average, and sick people tend also to be poorer than average. Of course, income is needed to buy the goods and services that contribute to protecting and improving health, but its importance has been overstated. Cross-sectional relations that ignore history exaggerate how much income matters for health. Income is "dethroned" as the king of explanations by four lines of evidence: (1 distribution matters more than totals or averages, and the distribution of financial protection through insurance, rather than the distribution of income, is particularly crucial; (2 historically, income growth by itself contributed little to health improvements; (3 it matters more, how rapidly and thoroughly people and nations adopt sound health interventions; and (4 some recent changes in lifestyle (diet and physical activity that accompany income growth actually worsen health. These causes are especially relevant for infant and child health, somewhat less so for maternal health. The less important income is, the easier it is to improve health; so it is good news that countries and people need to escape from poverty, but they don't have to be rich to be healthy.Renda, tanto de nações, grupos ou indivíduos, aparece em muitas análises como fortemente relacionada ao estado de saúde, além de ser a variável explanatória principal para a análise das diferenças em saúde. Pessoas pobres tendem a ser mais doentes que a média e pessoas doentes tendem a ser mais pobres do que a média. Certamente a renda é necessária para a compra de bens e serviços que contribuem para a promoção e melhoria da saúde, porém sua importância tem sido exagerada. Análises transversais que ignoram a história comentam exageros no quanto a renda �

Inserção, renda e satisfação profissional de médicos formados pela Unesp

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Albina Rodrigues Torres

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a inserção profissional, o nível de renda e de satisfação de médicos formados na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (Unesp assim como possíveis fatores associados a tais desfechos. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, tendo como população-alvo todos os médicos formados entre 1968 e 2005, utilizando-se um questionário autoaplicável. RESULTADOS: A taxa de resposta foi de 45%, 1.224 dos 2.864 questionários enviados por correio. A média de idade dos participantes foi de 46,5 anos (± 10,9 e 64,4% eram homens. A maioria (98,6% referiu exercer a profissão, residir no Estado de São Paulo (96,4%, ter feito residência (92,0% e frequentar eventos científicos regularmente (80,2%. Referiram morar em cidades do interior 70,4% e ter clínica privada 67,4% dos egressos. Renda mensal entre R$ 10 e 15 mil foi relatada por 28,4% e satisfação profissional grande ou muito grande por 66,1% deles. Nos modelos de regressão logística, mantiveram-se significativamente associados a maior renda: sexo masculino, ter clínica privada, ter filhos e estar profissionalmente satisfeito. Maior satisfação associou-se com menor idade e maior renda, fazer doutorado, considerar que foi bem preparado para a profissão, afirmar que faria Medicina novamente e avaliar positivamente sua qualidade de vida e saúde mental. CONCLUSÕES: A inserção profissional de ex-alunos é importante na avaliação institucional, devendo ser realizada regularmente para subsidiar as discussões sobre reforma curricular.

United Arab Emirates- fall of $0.75/b of retroactive prices from Abu Dhabi for the month of february

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1996-01-01

The Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) announced a fall of $0.75/b of petroleum prices for sales executed in february. The production of the new deposit Neewat al-Ohalan, put in production in june 1995 is 7000 b/day. The production of the Mubarraz field is 20 000 b/day. The Abu Dhabi Onshore Oil Operating Company (Adco) has announced that all these projects have been realized in 1995. It is the first company of Abu Dhabi and its production capacity is one million of barrels by day. The contract for a refinery of 4.5 millions of tons /year at Mahmood Kot near Multan has been attributed to the Babcock King Wilkinson britain company and is expected for 2000. The project plans an extension of the pipeline, from Karachi to Multan, on 350 km towards Faisalabad and Lahore. (N.C.)

A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF HOUSING DYNAMICS IN ABU DHABI AND DOHA

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Hatem Ibrahim

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Abu Dhabi and Doha have evolved rapidly in the twentieth century due to the investment of oil and gas revenues. The fast economic growth resulted in an extensive period of urbanization. The various urban dynamics had a great impact with regards to new housing typologies during the last few decades. Doha’s housing market is studied in comparison with Abu Dhabi’s market considering their population growth rates, real estate market conditions, socio-cultural characteristics, and political approaches. The study is focused on the period from 2004 to 2013 where rapid urban development took place in both cities. The comparative assessment is based on three key aspects: housing typologies, housing distribution, in addition to housing supply and demand. The paper highlights that the urban growth in both cities is initiated via government investments, especially in the real estate market. This is reflected in the case of very similar housing dynamics in both cities. A gradual replacement of low-rise residential villas by high-rise residential towers (apartments/ penthouses is currently observed in both cities.

Abu Ghraib and the War against Terror - a case against Donald Rumsfeld

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Smeulers, A.L.; Niekerk, S.

2009-01-01

The pictures of the inhuman and abusive treatment of Iraqi prisoners at the Abu Ghraib prison shocked the world. The authors of this contribution will take a criminological approach to the crimes committed and will show-by using an analytical framework used by organizational criminologists-that the

Pemurnian Silika Pada Abu Layang Dari Pembangkit Listrik Di Paiton (PT YTL) Dengan Pelarutan Asam Klorida Dan Aqua Regia

OpenAIRE

Anggia, Denida Mega; Suprapto, Suprapto

2016-01-01

Penelitian mengenai pemurnian silika melalui pelarutan menggunakan asam klorida (HCl) dan aqua regia pada abu layang yang berasal dari PT YTL, Paiton, telah dilakukan.Parameter yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi asam dan waktu pelarutan HCl. Pengaruh pelarutan unsur Fe, Ca, dan Al dari sampel juga diteliti.Dari hasil XRD abu layang, terkandung mineral quartz, mullite, hematite dan kalsium oksida. Kondisi paling baik pada saat pelarutan sampel adalah menggunakan pelarutan a...

Variation by Gender in Abu Dhabi High School Students' Interests in Physics

Science.gov (United States)

Badri, Masood; Mazroui, Karima Al; Al Rashedi, Asma; Yang, Guang

2016-04-01

Abu Dhabi high school students' interest in physics in different contexts was investigated with a survey conducted in connection with the international project, The Relevance of Science Education (ROSE). The sample consisted of 2248 students in public and private schools. Means of most items that belong to the school physics context for both girls and boys were below the score of (3.0). The most interesting topics for both genders were connected with fantasy items. The least interesting items (particularly for girls) were connected with artifacts and technological processes. Girls assigned the highest scores for "why we dream" and "life and death." Boys assigned the highest scores for "inventions and discoveries" and "life outside of earth." The main message of the study is that new curricular approaches and textbooks can be developed through combining technological and human contexts. The implications for curriculum development, teacher professional development programs, and other education strategies in Abu Dhabi are discussed in light of the ROSE survey.

ADSORPSI Pb2+ DALAM LIMBAH CAIR ARTIFISIAL MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM ADSORPSI KOLOM DENGAN BAHAN ISIAN ABU LAYANG BATUBARA SERBUK DAN GRANULAR

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Widi Astuti

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Batubara  merupakan  salah  satu  sumber energi  alternatif  yang murah. Oleh karena itu,  penggunaan  batubara  di  Indonesia meningkat pesat  setiap  tahunnya. Penggunaan batubara  ini  menghasilkan  limbah  yang  dapat mencemari lingkungan baik limbah gas  seperti   CO2, NOX,  CO,  SO2,  hidrokarbon  maupun  limbah  padat  yang berupa abu  layang dan  abu  dasar. Abu  layang  mengandung SiO2, Al2O3,  dan sisa karbon yang tidak terbakar sehingga potensial digunakan sebagai adsorben. Pada penelitian ini, kemampuan adsorpsi abu layang ditingkatkan melalui aktivasi termal dan diuji untuk menjerap ion Pb2+ dalam limbah cair artifisial. Adsorpsi dilakukan pada sistem kolom yang berlangsung kontinyu menggunakan bahan isian abu layang teraktivasi, dalam bentuk serbuk dan granular, pada laju alir influen yang bervariasi. Hasilnya, laju alir mempengaruhi nilai kapasitas (qo, konstanta thomas (KtH dan waktu breakthrough.Kata Kunci : Pb2+ , adsorpsi, abu layang, breakthrough Coal is one of the inexpensive alternative energy. Therefore, the usage of coal in indonesia has been increased every year. It produces waste that can pollute the environment including gases waste such as CO2, NOX, CO, SO2, hydrocarbons and solid waste including fly ash and bottom ash. Coal fly ash is composed of  SiO2, Al2O3 and unburned carbon that enables it to act as a potential adsorbent. In this research, the adsorption capasity has increased by thermal activation and used to adsorp Pb2+ ion in wastewater.  The adsorption was carried out in packed column contains powder and granular activated fly ash. In the system, flow rate was varied.  The results show that flow rate influences adsorption capacity, Thomas constant and breakthrough time.Keywords: Pb2+, adsorption, coal fly ash, breakthrough

Mapping b-values beneath Abu Dabbab from June to August 2004 earthquake

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I.F. Abu El-Nader

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Abu Dabbab area is considered as one of the most active earthquake sources in Egypt. It is defined by its swarm type activity, and complicated stress pattern. This study was conducted to evaluate the two and three dimensional spatial distribution of b-value at Abu Dabbab area (Margin of the northern Red Sea Rift, Egypt. The gridding technique of Wiemer and Wyss (1997 was used to compute b-value using ZMAP software. The b-value is calculated from a catalog consisting of 850 well-located earthquakes, which were recorded from 1st June to August 2004, using the maximum likelihood method. These earthquakes were recorded by temporary digital seismic network, with magnitudes ranging from −1 to 3.4 ML. It is important to mention that the variations of b-value with time cannot be easily detected for a short period. Hence, this study has been carried out to examine the variations of b-value in space. The computed b-value in the Abu Dabbab area does not follow a uniform distribution. A small volume of anomalously high b-value (b > 1.8 exists in the central part of the area at a depth between 6 and 9 km. This seems to agree with the reported low velocity value derived from previous P-wave travel time tomography studies (Hosny et al., 2009 and the low Q value (Abdel-Fattah et al., 2008. The existence of an anomalously high b-value region may be attributed to the presence of a magma reservoir or dyke zone beneath the northern Red Sea Rift that causes an intensively heterogeneous fractured crust or unusually high pore pressure.

Health insurance reform and the development of health insurance plans: the case of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamidi, Samer; Shaban, Sami; Mahate, Ashraf A; Younis, Mustafa Z

2014-01-01

The Emirate of Abu Dhabi has taken concrete steps to reform health insurance by improving the access to health providers as well as freedom of choice. The growing cost of health care and the impact of the global financial crisis have meant that countries are no longer able to solely bear the cost. As a result many countries have sought to overhaul their health care system so as to share the burden of provision with the private sector whether it is health care plan providers or employers. This article explores and discusses how the policy issues inherent in private health care schemes have been dealt with by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Data was collected in early 2013 on health care plans in Abu Dhabi from government sources. The Abu Dhabi model has private sector involvement but the government sets prices and benefits. The Abu Dhabi model adequately deals with the problem of adverse selection through making insurance coverage a mandatory requirement. There are issues with moral hazards, which are a combination of individual and medical practitioner behavior that might affect the efficiency of the system. Over time there is a general increase in the usage of medical services, which may be reflective of greater awareness of the policy and its benefits as well as lifestyle change. Although the current health care system level of usage is adequate for the current population, as the level of usage increases, the government may face a financial burden. Therefore, the government needs to place safeguards in order to limit its exposure. The market for medical treatment needs to be made more competitive to reduce monopolistic behavior. The government needs to make individuals aware of a healthier lifestyle and encourage precautionary actions.

Renda familiar, preço de alimentos e aquisição domiciliar de frutas e hortaliças no Brasil

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Rafael Moreira Claro

2010-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a influência da renda familiar e do preço de alimentos sobre a participação de frutas e hortaliças dentre os alimentos adquiridos pelas famílias brasileiras. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, com amostra probabilística de 48.470 domicílios brasileiros entre 2002 e 2003. A participação de frutas e hortaliças no total de aquisições de alimentos foi expressa como percentual do total de calorias adquiridas e como calorias provenientes desses alimentos ajustadas para o total de calorias adquirido. Empregaram-se técnicas de análise de regressão múltipla para estimação de coeficientes de elasticidade, controlando-se variáveis sociodemográficas e preço dos demais alimentos. RESULTADOS: Observou-se aumento da participação de frutas e hortaliças no total de aquisições de alimentos com a diminuição de seu próprio preço ou com o aumento da renda. A diminuição do preço de frutas e hortaliças em 1% aumentaria sua participação em 0,79% do total calórico; o aumento de 1% na renda familiar aumentaria essa participação no total calórico em 0,27%. O efeito da renda tendeu a ser menor nos estratos de maior renda. CONCLUSÕES: A redução do preço de frutas e hortaliças, tanto pelo apoio à cadeia de produção dos alimentos quanto por medidas fiscais, é um promissor instrumento de política pública capaz de aumentar a participação desses alimentos na dieta brasileira.

Setting Up an ePathology Service at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi: Joint Collaboration With Cleveland Clinic, United States.

Science.gov (United States)

Nahal, Ayoub; Batac, Crystal Mildred O; Slaw, Renee J; Bauer, Thomas W

2018-04-24

- The production of whole slide images is the most advanced form of digital pathology, in which a high-resolution digital scanner is used to rapidly scan glass microscope slides and produce a computer-generated whole slide image that can be saved, stored in a network-attached storage device, and accessed through slide management software within the hospital domain and remotely by authorized users. Digital transformation of glass slides has revolutionized the practice of anatomic pathology by facilitating and expediting consultative services, improving clinical workflow, and becoming an indispensable tool in education and research. - To highlight the institutional need of Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi (Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates) and the cultural background for obtaining the United Arab Emirates' first comprehensive digital pathology program; to describe a multiphase road map for achieving full implementation of this platform; and to describe the system's clinical applications and its future potential growth. - At Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, we prioritized our efforts to initiate digital consultations (eConsultations) and digital immunohistochemistry services (eIHC) with Cleveland Clinic Laboratories (Cleveland, Ohio). After this, we established an internal archiving system together with a subspecialty-based, organ-specific digital library of pathologic diseases. - We describe the strategic adoption and implementation of digital pathology into the clinical workflow of the pathology and laboratory medicine institute of Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, and we highlight its impact on clinical operations, educational activities, and patient care.

Analysis of Modern Elements in Works of Abu Turab Khosravi

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Hosniyeh Nejatzadeh Eidgahi

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Contemplation on the theoretical foundations of modern fiction and modern texts denotes the fact that some of these texts highlight the new features of trends of modernism in literature closely related to the theme and motif including the inherent time and abstract thought. So far only some modernist elements were analyzed theoretically, while their competence and highlight is of important in modernist narratives that will be discussed in the current research. Features such as highlighted concepts of dying, deabsolutism and imbalance. The collections Divane Somenat, Havieyeh and Ketab-e Viran have the highest frequency in the use of the above components. The contemplation on the works by Abu Turab Khosravi from the perspective of characteristics listed as well as a few other basic components is a clear way and representation of his stories deep structure for the audience. The current paper modernist narratives are analytical-descriptive and in addition to introducing and analyzing each component of the narrative, one or more concrete example is given. The results show Abu Turab Khosravi is a technic-oriented writer and modernist features of delicate relationship with the fiction theme are hidden in narratives requiring to be explored in this context.

Renda da pesca artesanal: Análise dos sistemas de produção na pesca em Tramandaí – RS

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Décio Souza Cotrim

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca estudar os fatores que contribuem para a composição da renda das famílias de pescadores artesanais de Tramandaí no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Para essa análise foi utilizada a abordagem sistêmica como uma ferramenta de entendimento da complexidade da comunidade pesqueira. A partir dos dados levantados foi possível a definição de seis tipologias de pescadores artesanais, foi compreendido os diferentes fatores formadores da renda e foi constatado algumas das estratégias de reprodução social deste grupo.

Variation by Gender in Abu Dhabi High School Students' Interests in Physics

Science.gov (United States)

Badri, Masood; Mazroui, Karima Al; Al Rashedi, Asma; Yang, Guang

2016-01-01

Abu Dhabi high school students' interest in physics in different contexts was investigated with a survey conducted in connection with the international project, The Relevance of Science Education (ROSE). The sample consisted of 2248 students in public and private schools. Means of most items that belong to the school physics context for both girls…

Cash Transfers and Mayoral Elections: The Case of Sao Paulo's Renda Mínima

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Diego Sanches Corrêa

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Several recently published studies analyze the effects of national conditional cash transfer (CCT programs, such as the Brazilian Bolsa Família and the Mexican Oportunidades, on presidential elections. Most of them show that these programs boost incumbents' electoral support among the poor. This research note is the first scholarly attempt to investigate this phenomenon at a lower-level unit of a federal state, by assessing the impact of a municipal cash transfer program on a mayoral election. Specifically, it investigates whether Renda Mínima, the cash transfer program of the city of Sao Paulo, affected beneficiaries' electoral behavior in favor of the incumbent candidate in the 2004 mayoral election. This note analyzes survey data from CEBRAP/IBOPE and shows that cash transfers did, indeed, affect beneficiaries' behavior in the predicted direction, but only in cases where they did not benefit from any other CCT program, such as the federal Bolsa Família or the São Paulo state Renda Cidadã. These results suggest that the pro-incumbent effect of CCT programs may be diluted by similar programs launched by governments at other tiers of a federation, even if they are led by the same party.

Geological heritage under strong urbanization pressure: El-Mokattam and Abu Roash as examples from Cairo, Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

AbdelMaksoud, Kholoud M.; Al-Metwaly, Wael M.; Ruban, Dmitry A.; Yashalova, Natalia N.

2018-05-01

Urban geological heritage is prone to anthropogenic pressure linked to urbanization. In order to understand the necessity of conservation of such a heritage located in two areas of Cairo (Egypt), namely El-Mokattam and Abu Roash, their assessment is undertaken. It is established that the both areas possess geological heritage. As much as five types of the latter are represented in each of them. The most important in El-Mokattam is geomorphological type (the Mokattam Mountain itself), and the most important in Abu Roash are palaeogeographical (facies and palaeoecosystems) and structural (outcrop-scale fold and faults) types. In the both areas, the geological heritage is destroyed because of rapid and often uncontrolled (even illegal) urbanization. According to the results of the satellite images interpretation, the urban area has grown by 1.4 times in El-Mokattam and 3.4 times in Abu Roash during the period of 2000-2017 when many unique objects were damaged and destroyed. Some aesthetic properties have been also lost, which has decreased the important of these objects to tourists, as well as many students and researchers. Assigning official protected status and possible geopark creation can facilitate efficient conservation of the urban geological heritage of Cairo.

"Where Is the Love?": The Ethics of Empathy in Abu Ghraib

Science.gov (United States)

Sturgeon, Elizabeth M.

2007-01-01

Abu Ghraib. The name conjures horrifying images of abuse, torture, and man's inhumanity to man. In one photograph, a pyramid of naked detainees huddles outside a jail cell; in another, a soldier holds the end of a dog leash which is attached at the neck to a prostrate prisoner; in another, a soldier gives the thumbs-up sign in front of a line of…

Molecular adjuvants based on nonpyrogenic lipophilic derivatives of norAbuMDP/GMDP formulated in nanoliposomes: stimulation of innate and adaptive immunity.

Science.gov (United States)

Knotigová, Pavlína Turánek; Zyka, Daniel; Mašek, Josef; Kovalová, Anna; Křupka, Michal; Bartheldyová, Eliška; Kulich, Pavel; Koudelka, Štěpán; Lukáč, Róbert; Kauerová, Zuzana; Vacek, Antonín; Horynová, Milada Stuchlová; Kozubík, Alois; Miller, Andrew D; Fekete, Ladislav; Kratochvílová, Irena; Ježek, Jan; Ledvina, Miroslav; Raška, Milan; Turánek, Jaroslav

2015-04-01

The aim of this work was to demonstrate an immunostimulatory and adjuvant effect of new apyrogenic lipophilic derivatives of norAbuMDP and norAbuGMDP formulated in nanoliposomes. Nanoliposomes and metallochelating nanoliposomes were prepared by lipid film hydration and extrusion methods. The structure of the liposomal formulation was studied by electron microscopy, AF microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Sublethal and lethal γ-irradiation mice models were used to demonstrate stimulation of innate immune system. Recombinant Hsp90 antigen (Candida albicans) bound onto metallochelating nanoliposomes was used for immunisation of mice to demonstrate adjuvant activities of tested compounds. Safety and stimulation of innate and adaptive immunity were demonstrated on rabbits and mice. The liposomal formulation of norAbuMDP/GMDP was apyrogenic in rabbit test and lacking any side effect in vivo. Recovery of bone marrow after sublethal γ-irradiation as well as increased survival of mice after lethal irradiation was demonstrated. Enhancement of specific immune response was demonstrated for some derivatives incorporated in metallochelating nanoliposomes with recombinant Hsp90 protein antigen. Liposomal formulations of new lipophilic derivatives of norAbuMDP/GMDP proved themselves as promising adjuvants for recombinant vaccines as well as immunomodulators for stimulation of innate immunity and bone-marrow recovery after chemo/radio therapy of cancer.

Bolsa Família e desigualdade da renda domiciliar entre 2006 e 2011 = Bolsa Família and inequality of household income between 2006 and 2011

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Carvalho, Cleusení Hermelina de

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Os programas de transferência condicionada de renda têm crescentemente desempenhado um papel importante no combate à pobreza em vários países da América Latina, principalmente no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a contribuição do programa Bolsa Família na diminuição da desigualdade da renda domiciliar per capita no Brasil, entre 2006 e 2011. Para isso, analisa-se a participação relativa de oito fontes de renda – trabalho, aposentadorias, programa Bolsa Família (variável proxy, pensões, abonos, doações, aluguéis e juros – no Brasil e nas suas cinco macrorregiões. Assim, além do artigo detalhar a técnica matemática utilizada para decompor o Índice de Gini, apresenta e discute os resultados empíricos encontrados para o Brasil e suas macrorregiões. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se a capacidade do programa Bolsa Família em contribuir para a queda da desigualdade da renda domiciliar nacional, o que se explica por sua acentuada focalização

Abu Dhabi and Dubai: Economic development as in Arabian Nights?

OpenAIRE

Benner, Maximilian

2011-01-01

The development of Abu Dhabi and Dubai during past years seems breathtaking. Both emirates pursue a strategy of diversifying their economic structure and thus of becoming less dependent on oil and gas. The obvious goal is to secure their prosperity for an era beyond oil. Diversification is a relevant strategic imperative for other resource-rich developing countries, too. In view of the current transformation processes in Arab countries the question whether differing strategies of the two emir...

Some dared call it torture: cultural resonance, Abu Ghraib, and a selectively echoing press

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rowling, C.M.; Jones, T.M.; Sheets, P.

2011-01-01

This study draws upon research on "indexing" and "cascading activation" to explore U.S. political and news discourse surrounding the Abu Ghraib prison scandal. Specifically, we systematically analyze White House, military, congressional, and news messages. In so doing, we incorporate scholarship on

Branding, legitimation and the power of museums: The case of the Louvre Abu Dhabi

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Btihaj Ajana

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Museums and cultural developments are on the rise in the Gulf region. The United Arab Emirates is home to some of the most ambitious and extravagant museum projects in the world. In this article, I consider the example of the Louvre Abu Dhabi, exploring some of its underlying dynamics and context. I focus mainly on the relationship between branding and legitimation while placing my analysis within a wider critical debate, which includes discussions on the link between museums and identity, the legitimizing role of architecture, and the various contentious concerns and controversies surrounding the Louvre Abu Dhabi project. I conclude that the United Arab Emirates and other neighbouring countries have an excellent opportunity for innovation in the cultural field if they are willing to critically and ethically found their cultural developments on an ethos of inclusivity, openness, experimentation, non-exploitation and curatorial courage.

Habitação de baixa renda como produto do capital : o programa de arrendamento residencial (PAR) em Presidente Prudente-SP

OpenAIRE

Sibila Corral de Arêa Leão Honda

2011-01-01

Esta pesquisa busca contribuir para uma análise crítica sobre a produção da habitação de baixa renda em cidades médias, no período entre 1999 e 2008. A pesquisa aborda a política habitacional no Brasil pós-Constituição Federal de 1988, com ênfase no papel dos municípios e nos novos programas de financiamento que possibilitam a articulação com a iniciativa privada para a produção de habitações de baixa renda, particularmente as que utilizam recursos do Programa de Arrendamento ...

Application of a precipitation method for uranium recovery from Abu-Zaabal phosphoric acid plant, egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Hazek, N.M.T.; Hussein, E.M.

1997-01-01

Current industrial recovery of uranium from 30% phosphoric acid-produced by the dihydrate process-is based on solvent extraction method. Uranium recovery from concentrated phosphoric acid (45-52% P 2 O 5 ) produced by evaporation of the 30% acid or directly produced by the hemihydrate process, by solvent extraction is difficult to apply in practice. In addition to possible contamination of the acid by the organic solvents and/or their deterioration. This paper investigates the possibility of applying a precipitation method (Weterings and Janssen, 1985) for uranium recovery from both low (28% P 2 O 2 ) and high (48% P 2 O 5 ) concentration phosphoric acids produced by abu-Zaabal phosphoric acid plant (abu-Zaabal fertilizers and chemicals Co., Egypt). The 28% acid produced by H 2 SO 4 dihydrate method and the 48% acid produced by evaporation of the 28% acid

Oferta de trabalho, comportamento criminal e redistribuição de renda

OpenAIRE

Santos, Marcelo Rodrigues dos

2007-01-01

Este trabalho desenvolve e calibra um modelo de equilíbrio dinâmico de crime. O objetivo É estudar e quantificar os determinantes do comportamento criminal: aparato de polícia, condições do mercado de trabalho, perfil etário da população, composição do capital humano, crescimento econônomico e desigualdade de renda. Diferentemente dos trabalhos anteriores, o modelo considerado aqui leva em conta a decisão individual sobre lazer. Isso permite capturar as diferenças no padrão da ofe...

Arrendamento privado em Portugal: uma leitura a partir da regulação das rendas

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alves, Sonia; Azevedo, Alda; Moura Ferreira, Pedro

2017-01-01

Este artigo contribui para o debate do papel do Estado na regulação do sector de arrendamento privado em Portugal num momento em que é implementado um Novo Regime de Arrendamento Urbano. A informação estatística disponível, nomeadamente sobre a duração dos contratos e os valores das rendas, alerta...

Opinião de mulheres de baixa renda, residentes em cidade do interior sobre planejamento familiar

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Anamaria Carneiro

1987-03-01

Full Text Available Apresenta opinião de mulheres de baixa renda, residentes em zona rural do interior, sobre concepção e contracepção; identifica o nível de conhecimento sobre planejamento familiar e demonstra os aspectos sócio-culturais que influenciam na opinião destas mulheres.

Modernização da Agricultura em Moçambique: determinantes da renda agrícola

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Carlos E. Guanziroli

2015-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar até que ponto as tecnologias oriundas da revolução verde foram efetivamente adotadas na África Subsaariana e, nos casos em que foram adotadas, se tiveram sucesso em melhorar a renda e a produtividade da agricultura. Para este fim, o trabalho faz primeiramente um breve resumo do estado das artes da revolução verde na África, mostrando quais países avançaram mais e como se correlaciona a utilização de fertilizantes químicos com os aumentos de produtividade. Faz-se também uma discussão sobre as características do processo de intensificação num caso em particular, o de Moçambique. Finalmente, com base nos microdados do Tratado de Inquérito Agrícola (TIA, se testa um modelo econométrico de MQO que visa avaliar os determinantes da renda agrícola e, em particular, do uso de fertilizantes químicos.

O Topo da Distribuição de Renda no Brasil: Primeiras Estimativas com Dados Tributários e Comparação com Pesquisas Domiciliares (2006-2012

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Marcelo Medeiros

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta a primeira estimativa da concentração de renda entre os mais ricos no Brasil calculada com base nas declarações de Imposto de Renda de Pessoas Físicas para os anos de 2006 a 2012. As principais medidas de desigualdade são as frações da renda total apropriada pelos 0,1%, 1% e 5% mais ricos. Os resultados são testados e comparados com os das pesquisas domiciliares brasileiras. O artigo conclui que os dados tributários revelam uma concentração no topo substancialmente maior do que as outras fontes e, em termos gerais, ela permanece estável no período analisado.

Relação entre renda e consumo alimentar habitual de β-caroteno, vitamina C e vitamina E de crianças

OpenAIRE

de Paiva-Bandeira, Geovanna T; Rios-Asciutti, Luiza S; Rivera, Amélia A; Rodrigues-Gonçalves, Maria da Conceição; Pordeus-de-Lima, Rafaella C; Marinho-Albuquerque, Tarciane; de-Morais, Ronei Marcos; de Toledo-Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro; de-Oliveira, Adyla Farias; Teixeira-Lima, Roberto; de Carvalho-Costa, Maria J

2011-01-01

Objetivo Analisar a relação entre renda e consumo alimentar de b-caroteno, vitamina C e vitamina E em crianças na cidade de João Pessoa, Brasil. Método Foram avaliadas 183 crianças com idade entre 2 e < 10 anos, em uma amostra representativa estratificada por níveis de renda da população de João Pessoa. O instrumento de pesquisa consistiu de questionários que abordaram aspectos sócio-econômicos, demográficos, antropométricos e de consumo alimentar. Analisou-se os resultados com o software R, ...

Renewable energy policy options for Abu Dhabi: Drivers and barriers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mezher, Toufic; Dawelbait, Gihan; Abbas, Zeina

2012-01-01

Climate change and fossil fuel depletion are the main drivers for the recent focus on Renewable Energy (RE) resources. However, since the high cost of RE technologies is the main obstacle facing the diffusion of RE power generation, economic and political intervention is inevitable. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE) population and economic growth are the main causes of a sharp increase of energy demand. Two key related factors highlight the need to establish a RE sector: first the UAE has one of the highest carbon footprint in the world and second, the rate of depletion of its main energy generation resource – fossil fuel. In this study, we present a review of overall policies in sixty-one countries, focusing on their efforts to adopt RE resources in the power sector, and on their implementation of fundamental policies implemented. Furthermore, we investigate the applicability to Abu Dhabi UAE of the main RE policies implemented worldwide. As a result of our analysis, we recommend the implementation of a mixed policy of Feed-in-Tariff (FIT) and the Quota system for RE electricity generation in order for the UAE to meet its 7% target by 2020. - Highlights: ► Comprehensive review of renewable energy policy mechanisms. ► Summarizes the renewable energy policy adoptions, targets, and installed capacity in many countries. ► Gives recommendations on renewable energy policy options for Abu Dhabi, an oil rich country.

Recent benthic foraminifera assemblages from mangrove swamp and channels of Abu Dhabi (UAE)

Science.gov (United States)

Fiorini, Flavia; Lokier, Stephen W.; Odeh, Weaam A. S. Al; Paul, Andreas; Song, Jianfeng; Freeman, Mark; Michel, Françoise

2017-04-01

Zonation of Recent mangrove environments can be defined using benthic foraminifera, however, little is known about foraminifera from mangrove environments of the Persian/Arabian Gulf. The objective of this study is to produce a detailed micropaleontological and sedimentological analysis to identify foraminiferal associations from mangrove swamps and channels located on the eastern side of Abu Dhabi Island (UAE). Detailed sediment sampling collection in mangal environments of Eastern Abu Dhabi was carried out to assess the distribution of benthic foraminifera in different sedimentary facies in the mangal and in the surrounding natural environments of the upper and lower intertidal area (mud flats and channels). A 100 m transect across a natural channel in a mangal on the eastern side of Abu Dhabi Island was sampled in detail for sedimentological and foraminiferal analysis. Forty-seven samples were collected at 2 meter intervals along the transect in a number of different sedimentary facies including; fine sediment in areas exposed during low tide and close to mangrove trees (Avicennia marina), fine sediment rich in leaf material, coarse sediment in channels, and coarse sediments with a shell lag. At each sampling location environmental parameters were recorded, including water depth, salinity, temperature and pH. Samples collected for foraminiferal analysis were stained in rose Bengal in order to identify living specimens. Samples collected on the mud flat at the margin of the channel show a living foraminiferal assemblage characterised by abundant foraminifera belonging to the genera Ammonia, Elphidium, Cribroelphidium, Triloculina, Quinqueloculina, Sigmoilinita, Spiroloculina, Peneroplis and Spirolina. Samples collected in the lower (wet) intertidal area close to Avicennia marina roots, presented a low-diversity assemblage mostly comprising small-sized opportunistic foraminifera of the genera Ammonia and Cribroelphidium along with rare Triloculina and

Pobreza e desigualdade de renda entre famílias da zona rural de Mato Grosso de 2004 a 2006 Poverty and income inequality among families in rural areas of Mato Grosso from 2004 to 2006

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Benedito Dias Pereira

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Investigou-se a desigualdade da distribuição de renda e a pobreza das famílias residentes nas áreas rurais de Mato Grosso em 2004 e 2006, com base nos microdados da PNAD (IBGE. Em especial, o coeficiente de Gini foi decomposto por fonte de renda, para se identificar a contribuição relativa de determinada fonte de renda na desigualdade da renda total. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados, verificou-se que há elevada desigualdade na distribuição de renda entre as famílias rurais mato-grossenses, que a renda das atividades agrícolas contribui para aumentar essa desigualdade e que essa renda se constitui em variável importante e estratégica para a economia do Estado. Os indicadores também sugerem que houve incremento da pobreza entre as famílias rurais do Estado entre 2004 e 2006.Investigates on income distribution inequality and poverty of families living in rural areas of Mato Grosso in 2004 and 2006, based on the microdata of PNAD (IBGE. In particular, the Gini coefficient was broken by source of income to identify the relative contribution of a particular source of income inequality in total income. Among the key findings, it appears that there is high inequality in the income distribution among households in Mato Grosso, that the agriculture income contributes to increasing inequality and that this income is one important and strategic variable for the economy of the state. The indicators also suggest that there was an increase in poverty among rural families of the state between 2004 and 2006.

Preliminary crustal deformation model deduced from GPS and earthquakes’ data at Abu-Dabbab area, Eastern Desert, Egypt

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Abdel-Monem S. Mohamed

2013-06-01

From the seismic tomography study, the 3D Vp and Vp/Vs crustal models indicate high Vp/Vs values forms an elongated anomaly, in the central part of the study area, that extends from a depth of 12 km to about 1–2 km of depth is obtained. By using this crustal model in relocations all seismicity informed that most of the seismicity strongly tend to occur in a cluster manner exactly above the southern part of the study area. Based on the conducted source mechanism study, it is noticed that shallow earthquakes are associated by a high CLVD ratio (up to 40%. Furthermore, initiation of a high level seismic activity, without a large seismic main shock is observed in the Abu-Dabbab area. The distribution of micro-earthquakes tends to align in an ENE–WSW direction marking a zone of activity verse the Red Sea. The nucleation of the seismic activity beneath the southern part of the Abu-Dabbab crust is more consistent with the obtained crustal deformation result by increasing the crustal movement in the south part than the northern part. Then, based on the obtained results of the above mentioned studies; seismic tomography; source mechanisms, and crustal deformation we conclude that these seismic activities that are associated by crustal deformation are owing to some magma activity beneath the crust of the Abu-Dabbab area.

Avaliação de projetos de eficiência energética no segmento baixa renda

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Felipe Conti de Souza

2012-01-01

O presente trabalho visa avaliar o resultado dos projetos de eficiência energética para o segmento baixa renda, comparando resultados de projetos de troca de equipamentos obsoletos por equipamentos novos e eficientes, com projeto de cunho educativo para o consumo eficiente de energia. Faz também parte do trabalho verificar os resultados das ações dos dois projetos combinados.

STS-45 Earth observation of the Persian Gulf and the island of Abu Ali

Science.gov (United States)

1992-01-01

STS-45 Earth observation taken aboard Atlantis, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 104, is of the northern reaches of the Persian Gulf with the sunglint pattern centered on the Saudi Arabian island of Abu Ali. Bright features along the coast are thought to be deposits of oil, released from a terminal offshore of Kuwait during the recent Persian Gulf War. Further up the coast, in Kuwait, the black, oil-soaked desert surrounding the site of the oil well fires is clearly visible. View was taken from an altitude of 160 nautical miles with OV-104 located at 28 degrees north and 52.8 degrees east. During the STS-45 mission, an international survey team focused on oil contamination of the shallow-water habitants in the area north of Abu Ali Island. Crewmembers contacted the NOAA survey vessel, the R/V Mt. Mitchell, several times and photographed water color and sunglint within the study area and throughout the entire Persian Gulf. These photographic data are expected to aid the Persian Gulf researchers in

The Westernization of Arab Pedagogies: Abu Dhabi Attempts to Move towards a Knowledge Economy

Science.gov (United States)

Chrystall, Steve

2014-01-01

As the oil reserves in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are forecast to become depleted over the next 50 to 150 years, the emirate of Abu Dhabi has set a vision to develop a knowledge economy in order to develop alternative sources of revenue in areas such as tourism, alternative energy and innovative business enterprises. Reformation of its…

Structural interpretation of seismic data of Abu Rudeis-Sidri area, Northern Central Gulf of Suez, Egypt

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Hesham Shaker Zahra

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The 2D and 3D seismic data are interpreted to evaluate the subsurface geologic structures in the Abu Rudeis-Sidri area that occupy the northern central part of the Gulf of Suez. The 2D seismic data are used for determination of the structural configurations and the tectonic features which is analyzed through the study of interpretation with the available geologic data, in which the geo-seismic depth maps for the main interesting tops (Kareem, Nukhul, Matulla, Raha and Nubia Formations are represented. Such maps reflect that, the Miocene structure of Abu Rudeis-Sidri area is an asymmetrical NW-SE trending anticlinal feature dissected by a set of NW-SE fault system (clysmic. Added, the Pre-Miocene structure of the studied area is very complex, where the area is of NE dip and affected by severe faulting through varying stratigraphic levels.

A Review of the Water and Energy Sectors and the Use of a Nexus Approach in Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Paul, Parneet; Al Tenaiji, Ameena Kulaib; Braimah, Nuhu

2016-01-01

Rapid population increase coupled with urbanization and industrialization has resulted in shortages of water in the Middle East. This situation is further exacerbated by global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions. Recent research advocates that solutions to the global water security and scarcity crisis must involve water–energy nexus approaches. This means adopting policies and strategies that harmonize these inter-related sectors to minimize environmental impact while maximizing human benefit. In the case of Abu Dhabi, when designing and locating oil/gas refineries and associated power generation facilities, previous relevant decisions were based on simple economic and geographical grounds, such as nearness to oil rigs, pipelines, existing industries and port facilities, etc. The subsequent design and location of water abstraction and treatment works operated by the waste heat from these refining and/or power generation processes was catered for as an afterthought, meaning that there is now a mismatch between the water and energy supplies and demands. This review study was carried out to show how Abu Dhabi is trying now to integrate its water–energy sectors using a nexus approach so that future water/power infrastructure is designed optimally and operated in harmony, especially in regard to future demand. Based upon this review work, some recommendations are made for designers and policy makers alike to bolster the nexus approach that Abu Dhabi is pursuing. PMID:27023583

A Review of the Water and Energy Sectors and the Use of a Nexus Approach in Abu Dhabi.

Science.gov (United States)

Paul, Parneet; Al Tenaiji, Ameena Kulaib; Braimah, Nuhu

2016-03-25

Rapid population increase coupled with urbanization and industrialization has resulted in shortages of water in the Middle East. This situation is further exacerbated by global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions. Recent research advocates that solutions to the global water security and scarcity crisis must involve water-energy nexus approaches. This means adopting policies and strategies that harmonize these inter-related sectors to minimize environmental impact while maximizing human benefit. In the case of Abu Dhabi, when designing and locating oil/gas refineries and associated power generation facilities, previous relevant decisions were based on simple economic and geographical grounds, such as nearness to oil rigs, pipelines, existing industries and port facilities, etc. The subsequent design and location of water abstraction and treatment works operated by the waste heat from these refining and/or power generation processes was catered for as an afterthought, meaning that there is now a mismatch between the water and energy supplies and demands. This review study was carried out to show how Abu Dhabi is trying now to integrate its water-energy sectors using a nexus approach so that future water/power infrastructure is designed optimally and operated in harmony, especially in regard to future demand. Based upon this review work, some recommendations are made for designers and policy makers alike to bolster the nexus approach that Abu Dhabi is pursuing.

Did the contagion effect exist? Evidence from Abu Dhabi, Jordan and America

OpenAIRE

Ho, Liang-Chun; Huang, Chia-Hsing

2014-01-01

This article aims to test the contagion effect between the stock markets of Abu Dhabi, Jordan and America. The Lagrange multiplier (LM) principle for causality in variance test is used in this study. Four American stock indexes, Dow Jones Industrial Average, NASDAQ Composite, RUSSELL 2000, and PHLX Semiconductor Sector Index, are in this study. The testing results of the four major American stock price indexes and the Jordan stock index (Amman) are significant. The testing results of the f...

The operation, products and promotion of waterpipe businesses in New York City, Abu Dhabi and Dubai.

Science.gov (United States)

Joudrey, P J; Jasie, K A; Pykalo, L; Singer, S T; Woodin, M B; Sherman, S

2016-07-10

We evaluated the customers, operations, products and advertising of these businesses to explore the unique policy challenges created by the suppliers of waterpipes. We completed a cross-sectional survey consisting of structured site observations and in-person interviews of businesses in New York City, Abu Dhabi and Dubai identified using Google, Yelp, Timeout Dubai and Timeout Abu Dhabi and neighbourhood visits in 2014. Regular customers made up 59% of customers. Franchises or chains were 28% of businesses. Waterpipes made up 39% of sales with 87% of businesses offering food within their menu. Flavoured tobacco made up 94% of sales. Discounts were offered by 47% of businesses and 94% of businesses used advertising, often through social media. The market consists of largely independent businesses, with a large regular customer base, frequently offering diversified services beyond waterpipes. These businesses advertise using both traditional and social media. The economics of waterpipe businesses is very different from the economics of cigarettes, and unique regulatory strategies are needed to control this epidemic.

Poisoned social climate, collective responsibility, and the abuse at Abu Ghraib--Or, the establishment of "rule that is lack of rule".

Science.gov (United States)

Mestrovic, Stjepan G; Romero, Rachel

2012-01-01

The authors draw upon the experiences of one of the co-authors as an expert witness in sociology for mitigation at three of the courts-martial pertaining to the abuse at Abu Ghraib that were held at Ft. Hood, Texas in the year 2005 (for Javal Davis, Sabrina Harman, and Lynndie England). In addition, this paper is based upon the thousands of pages of affidavits, testimony, and U.S. Government reports concerning Abu Ghraib. These internal government reports, as well as the Levin-McCain report, point to collective responsibility and the responsibility of individuals high in the chain of command for establishing unlawful techniques. We review the shortcomings of a purely psychological approach for understanding the abuse, and turn to Durkheim's original understanding of anomie as a state of social derangement or rule by lack of rule to introduce the ideas of the social origins of and social responsibility for the abuse. We conclude with sociological suggestions for reforming some of the legal, medical, psychiatric, and other professional complicity in the abuse at Abu Ghraib. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Natural Radioactivity in Abu-Tartor Phosphate Deposits and the Surrounding Region, New Valley, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khater, A.E.; Higgy, R.H.; Pimpl, M.

1999-01-01

Abu-Tartor phosphate mine. New Valley district, is one of the biggest phosphate mines in Egypt which will start full production soon. The planned ore rocks (24.8%P 2 O 5 ) annual production is 4 million tons. The aim of this study is to estimate the natural radioactivity levels in Abu-Tartor phosphate deposits and the surrounding region. The environmental radioactivity levels in the surrounding region will be considered as pre-operational levels which are essential to determine the radiological impacts of phosphate mining later on. Phosphate samples (ore rocks, wet rocks and beneficiation wastes) and environmental samples (soil, water and plant)were collected. The specific activities of Ra-226 (U-238) series, Th-232 series and K-40 were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry based on Hyper pure Germanium detectors. The specific activities of uranium isotopes (U-238, U-235 and U-234) were measured using alpha spectrometry based on surface barrier detectors after radiochemical separation. The specific activity of Pb-210 was measured using low background proportional gas counting system after radiochemical separation . The results were discussed and compared with national and international values

Agricultura familiar e as rendas não-agrícolas na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre : um estudo de caso dos municípios de Dois Irmãos e Ivoti - RS

OpenAIRE

Marco Antonio Verardi Fialho

2000-01-01

Esta estudo discute a importância das rendas não-agrícolas na composição da renda total dos agricultores familiares de uma região fortemente marcada pela pluriatividade de seus produtores rurais. Os dados utilizados neste estudo foram obtidos a partir de uma pesquisa de campo realizada junto a 57 agricultores familiares dos municípios de Dois Irmãos e Ivoti, RS. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na identificação e quantificação das rendas agrícolas e não-agrícolas bem como na caracterização d...

Látex de amapá (Parahancornia fasciculata (Poir Benoist, Apocynaceae: remédio e renda na floresta e na cidade

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Murilo da Serra Silva

Full Text Available O estudo abordou a cadeia de produção e de comercialização e os aspectos do consumo do látex medicinal de amapá amargoso (Parahancornia fasciculata em Belém e Ponta de Pedras, no Pará. Nosso objetivo foi investigar diversos aspectos do manejo e uso desse produto, revelando a sua importância na vida de seus produtores e consumidores. Foram utilizados a abordagem da 'cadeia de produção ao consumo' e métodos qualitativos e quantitativos de pesquisa, incluindo pesquisa de mercado, entrevistas com extrativistas, comerciantes e consumidores, oficinas, turnês guiadas e inventário florestal. Os oito mil litros de látex de amapá comercializados anualmente na região de Belém beneficiam, principalmente, consumidores de baixa renda, que têm tradição secular do uso desse látex. A renda obtida com esse produto representa 42% da renda total dos extrativistas com produtos florestais não madeireiros. A grande abundância da espécie e a distribuição diamétrica das árvores indicam possibilidade de regeneração natural. A melhoria na técnica de extração do látex realizada por alguns extrativistas revela que eles têm conhecimento da anatomia da árvore. A tradição de uso e manejo do látex e as características ecológicas da espécie sugerem grande potencial para programas de produção sustentável.

Renda, Relações Sociais e Felicidade no Brasil

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Carlos Antonio Costa Ribeiro

2015-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a distribuição de "bem-estar subjetivo" ou "felicidade" na população brasileira. Após uma breve revisão da literatura em psicologia, economia e sociologia sobre o tema, o texto apresenta dados comparando o Brasil com outros 134 países. O ponto central do artigo consiste na elaboração de um modelo estatístico para descrever os principais fatores correlacionados à "felicidade" da população. Em contraste com trabalhos anteriores sobre o Brasil, nossa análise revela que, além das condições materiais (principalmente a renda, diversas formas de relações sociais e de percepções são fundamentais para explicar a variação na distribuição de "felicidade". Os dados analisados são provenientes da pesquisa "Dimensões Sociais das Desigualdades", composta por uma amostra probabilística da população brasileira coletada junto a 8.048 domicílios em 2008.

Age Specific Cytological Abnormalities in Women Screened for Cervical Cancer in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

Science.gov (United States)

Al Zaabi, Muna; Al Muqbali, Shaikha; Al Sayadi, Thekra; Al Ameeri, Suhaila; Coetsee, Karin; Balayah, Zuhur; Ortashi, Osman

2015-01-01

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide, with about 500,000 new cases and 270,000 deaths each year. Globally, it is estimated that over one million women currently have cervical cancer, most of whom have not been diagnosed, or have no access to treatment that could cure them or prolong their lives. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE) cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women. A population-based cross-sectional retrospective survey of cervical smear abnormalities was conducted in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE, from January 2013 to December 2013 by collecting consecutive liquid-based cytology samples from the Department of Pathology at the SKMC Hospital in Abu Dhabi city. The total number of women screened for cervical cancer for the year 2013 at SKMC was 4,593, with 225 (4.89%) abnormal smears. The majority of the abnormal smear results were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 114 (2.48%). This study showed 60% increase in the rate of abnormal cervical smears in the UAE over the last 10 years. In this study the highest incidence of high grade abnormalities were seen in women above the age of 61 years (1.73%), this might be due to the fact that this group of women missed the chance of screening of cervical cancer earlier in their lives or could be explained by the well-known second peak of HPV infection seen in many prevalence studies. We conclude that the rate of abnormal cervical smear in the screened Abu Dhabi women is not different from the rate in developed countries. A notable increase in both low and high grade abnormalities has occurred within the last decade.

Bio leaching of Uranium - bearing material from Abu Thor area, West Central Sinai, Egypt for recovering uranium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abd El Wahab, G.M.; Amin, M.M.; Aita, S.K.

2012-01-01

A uranium-bearing material was recorded within the Intra-Carboniferous Paleokarst Profile of Um-Bogma Formation at Abu Thor area, West Central Sinai, Egypt. The present paper is concerned with the bio leaching of U and Cu using Aspergillus Niger (A. Niger) followed their proper recovery. The working Abu Thor representative sample assays 0.22% U as the element of interest as well as up to 25% CuO beside the other rock constituents SiO 2 (33%), Al 2 O 3 (10.4%) and CaO(8.5%). The effective bio leaching of U and Cu from Abu Thor ore sample using A.Niger was performed at the following optimum conditions: an incubation time of 6 days, sample/ liquid (S/L) ratio of 1/10, ph value of 1 and a temperature of 60 degree C. The prepared bio leach liquor assays 0.19 g/l of U and 15.8 g/l of Cu with leaching efficiencies of 97% and 79%, respectively. Uranium was recovered using 25% TBP in kerosene at O/A ratio of 1/1 and contact time of 5 min with achieved extraction efficiency of 96%. However the stripping of U was conducted by using 8% Na 2 CO 3 at A/O ratio of 1/1 and contact time of 5 min with stripping efficiency reached 99%. On the other hand, Cu was directly precipitated as CuS using the freshly released H 2 S gas with the addition of solid Na 2 S. The optimum precipitation conditions were S/L ratio of 1/100, ph 1.5 and room temperature where the precipitation efficiency of Cu achieved 99%

Sedimentology and Reservoir Characteristics of Early Cretaceous Fluvio-Deltaic and Lacustrine Deposits, Upper Abu Gabra Formation, Sufyan Sub-basin, Muglad Rift Basin, Sudan

Science.gov (United States)

Yassin, Mohamed; Abdullatif, Osman; Hariri, Mustafa

2017-04-01

Sufyan Sub-basin is an East-West trending Sub-basin located in the northwestern part of the Muglad Basin (Sudan), in the eastern extension of the West and Central Africa Rift System (WCARS). The Early Cretaceous Abu Gabra Formation considered as the main source rock in the Muglad Basin. In Sufyan Sub-basin the Early Cretaceous Upper Abu Gabra Formation is the main oil-producing reservoir. It is dominated by sandstone and shales deposited in fluvio-deltaic and lacustrine environment during the first rift cycle in the basin. Depositional and post-depositional processes highly influenced the reservoir quality and architecture. This study investigates different scales of reservoir heterogeneities from macro to micro scale. Subsurface facies analysis was analyzed based on the description of six conventional cores from two wells. Approaches include well log analysis, thin sections and scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigations, grain-size, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the Abu Gabra sandstone. The cores and well logs analyses revealed six lithofacies representing fluvio-deltaic and lacustrine depositional environment. The sandstone is medium to coarse-grained, poorly to moderately sorted and sub-angular to subrounded, Sub-feldspathic arenite to quartz arenite. On macro-scale, reservoir quality varies within Abu Gabra reservoir where it shows progressive coarsening upward tendencies with different degrees of connectivity. The upper part of the reservoir showed well connected and amalgamated sandstone bodies, the middle to lower parts, however, have moderate to low sandstone bodies' connectivity and amalgamation. On micro-scale, sandstone reservoir quality is directly affected by textures and diagenesis.The XRD and SEM analyses show that kaolinite and chlorite clay are the common clay minerals in the studied samples. Clay matrix and quartz overgrowth have significantly reduced the reservoir porosity and permeability, while the dissolution of feldspars

Elemen Kebangsawanan dalam Pemilihan Pemimpin: Analisis Kontekstual Pemilihan Saidina Abu Bakr, Muawiyyah serta Kesultanan Melayu

OpenAIRE

Mohd Haidhar Kamarzaman; Norakmal Azraf Awaluddin; Muhammad Akmal Othoman; Yusri Mohamad Ramli

2013-01-01

Pemilihan pemimpin negara dalam Islam merupakan tugas yang berat ini selaras dengan kepentingannya dilihat sebagai pengganti Rasulullah (s.a.w) iaitu menyebarkan Islam dan mentadbir kelangsungan Islam. Namun yang menjadi fokus kepada penulisan ini adalah faktor kebangsawanan dalam pelantikan pemimpin dalam Islam. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada sejarah bagaimana elemen kebangsawanan kaum Quraisy bagi Saidina Abu Bakar r.a menjadi faktor yang berpengaruh dalam pelantikan beliau sebagai khalifah ...

Solostamenides paucitesticulatus n. sp. (Monogenoidea: Mazocraeidea: Microcotylidae) from the freshwater mullet Liza abu (Heckel) (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) from Atatürk Reservoir on the Euphrates River in southern Turkey.

Science.gov (United States)

Kritsky, Delane C; Öktener, Ahmet

2015-06-01

Solostamenides paucitesticulatus n. sp. (Monogenoidea: Microcotylidae) from the gills of the abu mullet Liza abu (Heckel) in Atatürk Reservoir in southern Turkey is described. Among other features, the new species is easily distinguished from its three congeners, Solostamenides mugilis (Vogt, 1879), Solostamenides pseudomugilis (Hargis, 1956) and Solostamenides polyorchis Zhang & Yang, 2001, by having fewer hooks on the male copulatory organ (11 to 14), testes (5 to 9), and haptoral clamps (31 to 47).

Migração e distribuição regional de renda no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Santos, Cézar Augusto Ramos

2006-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o impacto da migração interestadual sobre a distribuição de renda regional brasileira. Inicialmente, estima-se uma regressão minnceriana para o logaritmo do salário contra diversas variáveis de controle mais uma dummy de migração, usando dados da Pesquina Nacional de Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). Em seguida, são construídos contrafactuais em que não há migração entre os estados brasileiros. A partir dessa análise contrafactual, observa-se que a migração pr...

On thinking and not being able to think: reflections on viewing the Abu Ghraib photos.

Science.gov (United States)

Moss, Donald B

2007-04-01

Using experiences from childhood, from encounters with contemporary art, from clinical experience, and, most elaborately, from an initial viewing of the Abu Ghraib photos, the author argues that the interpretability of experience depends upon its being legible. This legibility, in turn, depends upon the interpreter maintaining contact with his/her own capacities for thought, and, more fundamentally, with the vitally necessary community of others with whom he/she shares those capacities.

Seguranca alimentar, renda e Programa Bolsa Familia: estudo de coorte em municipios do interior da Paraiba, Brasil, 2005-2011

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Caroline Sousa Cabral

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto do Programa Bolsa Família na superação da Insegurança Alimentar. Realizou-se um estudo de coorte em 2005 e 2011, em amostra de famílias residentes em São José dos Ramos e Nova Floresta, Paraíba, Brasil. Em 2005 foram avaliados 609 domicílios e em 2011 foram encontradas e entrevistadas 406 famílias. Houve aumento da segurança alimentar/insegurança alimentar leve e melhoria nos indicadores socioeconômicos. Percebeu-se uma relação significativa entre a elevação da renda e a melhoria dos níveis de Insegurança Alimentar. O programa impacta positivamente no aumento da renda, propiciando melhorias dos níveis de segurança alimentar/insegurança alimentar leve. Percebeu-se que outras variáveis socioeconômicas podem estar contribuindo na melhoria deste perfil. Diante disso, no combate à insegurança alimentar e nutricional, são necessárias outras políticas e programas que ajam nos demais determinantes.

Fatores que Influenciam a Compra de Produtos Têxteis Oficiais por Torcedores de Futebol de Baixa Renda

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Lucas Rial Butier

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os principais fatores que influenciam os torcedores de baixa renda a adquirirem produtos têxteis oficiais e licenciados por um clube da elite do futebol brasileiro, aparentemente inviáveis para sua capacidade de compra. A revisão de literatura abordou o marketing no futebol brasileiro, incluindo o torcedor de futebol, licenciamento da marca, consumidores de baixa renda e artigos esportivos têxteis. Para identificarmos os principais fatores foi escolhido o método de análise conjunta, técnica estatística à qual ajuda a entender a complexidade do processo de escolha e decisão de compra dos consumidores. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com torcedores, lojistas, vendedores e pessoas com atuação no mercado esportivo. Os atributos selecionados para a análise conjunta foram preço, forma de pagamento, durabilidade e ajudar, ou não, o Clube. A pesquisa foi respondida por 149 torcedores durante a realização de dois jogos do Campeonato Brasileiro de 2012. Os resultados da análise conjunta sugerem que os principais fatores, ou atributos, que influenciam os torcedores no processo de compra são, em ordem de importância relativa, ajudar o clube, como mais importante, preço, forma de pagamento e, como menos importante, a durabilidade do produto.DOI: 10.5585/podium.v2i2.44

Comunicación y territorialización. Extraños en Abu Ghraib

OpenAIRE

Peñamarín, Cristina

2009-01-01

El trabajo estudia los medios en los procesos de territorialización y de formación de “causas colectivas”, que mueven la acción política, en los discursos públicos durante la guerra de Irak y en las fotografías de Abu Ghraib. Para ello, analiza la transmisión de emociones colectivizadoras de acuerdo con las diferentes categorizaciones de los otros. The paper studies media in territory processes and the formation of "collective causes", that can move political action, in public discourses d...

State secret privilege versus human rights: lessons from the European Court of Human Rights ruling on the Abu Omar case / Arianna Vedaschi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vedaschi, Arianna

2017-01-01

Riigisaladuse ülimuslikkusest julgeoleku eesmärgil ning inimõiguste ja põhivabaduste kaitse konventsiooni artikli 3 tõlgendamisest Euroopa Inimõiguste Kohtu Abu Omar lahendi (23.veebr 2016) põhjal

Renewable energy policies in the Gulf countries. A case study of the carbon-neutral 'Masdar City' in Abu Dhabi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reiche, Danyel

2010-01-01

The Gulf countries are largely dependent on exporting oil and natural gas for their national budgets. They mainly use domestic fossil fuels for their domestic energy supply. In spite of favorable geographic conditions, especially for solar energy, renewable energies are still a niche application. Abu Dhabi, besides Dubai, the most important emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has now started a process of 'transforming oil wealth into renewable energy leadership', and has set the long-term goal of a 'transition from a 20th Century, carbon-based economy into a 21st Century sustainable economy'. This article is a case study about 'Masdar City', a planned carbon-neutral town in Abu Dhabi. The article describes the key characteristics of Masdar City, analyses the drivers behind the project, identifies the main actors for its implementation, and seeks obstacles to creation and development as well as the policy behind Masdar City. Finally, a first judgment of possible diffusion effects of the project is done. (author)

Distribuição das rendas do petróleo e indicadores de desenvolvimento municipal no Brasil nos anos 2000S

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Fernando Antonio Slaibe Postali

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Em 1997, o governo brasileiro aprovou a Lei 9478/97, que estabelecia novos critérios para a distribuição de royalties do petróleo entre os municípios brasileiros e ampliou as possibilidades de uso desses recursos em áreas sociais. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar empiricamente se os royalties distribuídos sob esta lei contribuíram para a melhoria dos indicadores sociais dos municípios contemplados, em relação à média nacional, no período de 2000 a 2007. Utilizou-se o Índice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Social (IFDM e seus três componentes: IFDM - Educação, IFDM - Saúde e IFDM - Emprego&Renda, como medida de desenvolvimento social. Os resultados mostram que as rendas do petróleo não produziram impactos significativos nos indicadores sociais de saúde e de educação dos municípios beneficiados, mas, de forma surpreendente, geraram efeitos negativos sobre seus setores formais de trabalho.

Occurrence and origin of mono-, di- and trimethylalkanes in modern and Holocene cyanobacterial mats from Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sinninghe Damsté, J.S.; Kenig, F.; Kock-van Dalen, A.C.; Rijpstra, W.I.C.; Huc, A.Y.; Leeuw, J.W. de

1995-01-01

n-Alkanes, highly branched isoprenoids, monomethylalkanes (MMAs), dimethylalkanes (DMAs), and trimethylalkanes (TMAs) are the most abundant components in the hydrocarbon fractions of extracts of four modern and two Holocene cyanobacterial mats (1500 and 5110 ± 170 y ) collected in Abu Dhabi (United

PREPARASI KATALIS ABU KULIT KERANG UNTUK TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK NYAMPLUNG MENJADI BIODIESEL (Preparation of Cockle Shell Powder Catalyst for Transesterificationof Calophyllumi inophyllum L. Oil to Biodiesel

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Zuhra Zuhra

2015-05-01

menggunakan katalis padat dari kulit kerang. Dari pola XRD mengindikasikan bahwa CaCO3 terkonversi dari kulit kerang sempurna menjadi CaO ketika kulit kerang dikalsinasi pada suhu 900 oC. Hasil rekaman SEM diperoleh ukuran partikel katalis setelah dipijar menjadi kecil. Aktivitas katalis tertinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan abu kulit kerang yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 900 oC. Rendemenmetil ester tertinggi mencapai 87,4% setelah 3 jam reaksi. Katalis abu kulit kerang telah terbukti dapat digunakan untuk reaksi transesterifikasi minyak nabati menjadi biodiesel. Kata kunci: Kulit kerang, biodiesel, katalis heterogen, kalsium oksida, minyak nyamplung, transesterikasi

Diferencial salarial público-privado e desigualdade de renda per capita no Brasil

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Pedro H. G. F. Souza

2013-03-01

Full Text Available O estudo estima a contribuição específica do diferencial salarial entre trabalhadores com características semelhantes dos setores público e privado para a desigualdade na renda domiciliar per capita no Brasil. A estimação baseia-se em simulações contrafactuais e o cálculo das contribuições para a desigualdade em uma decomposição de fatores do coeficiente de Gini. Os dados são provenientes da PNAD 2009. O diferencial equivale a cerca de 17% da massa salarial dos servidores públicos, é regressivo e altamente concentrado, mas tem volume pequeno na renda total (1% e, por isso, contribui para cerca de 3% da desigualdade total. Os efeitos sobre a desigualdade da composição da força de trabalho nos setores são muito maiores que efeitos da segmentação do mercado de trabalho entre os dois setores. Essas conclusões são pouco sensíveis a modificações de definições de setor e diferentes técnicas de estimação.We estimate the contribution of the wage differential between workers with the same attributes in the public and private sectors to the household per capita income inequality in Brazil. The estimate is based on counterfactual simulations and the contribution to inequality on a factor decomposition of the Gini coefficient. Data comes from the Brazilian National Household Survey PNAD 2009. The differential corresponds approximately to 17% of the wage bill of workers in the public sector, is regressive and highly concentrated. However, because it amounts to a small share of the total income (1% its contribution to the total inequality is of 3%. The sector composition effects on inequality are times higher than the segmentation (price effects. These conclusions are robust to changes in the definition of the sectors and to different estimation techniques.

Genesis of Uranium in the younger granites of gabal abu hawis area, central eastern desert of Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmed, F.Y.; Moharem, A.F.

2003-01-01

The younger granites cropping out in gabal abu hawis area are considered as uraniferous (fertile) granites (the fertile is mainly is mainly attributed to presence of radioactive zircon). Abu hawis granitic pluton is dissected by joints faults of different trends forming two mineralized shear zones in the northern peripheries and southern border. The younger granites hosting uranium mineralizations along the two mineralized shear zones. The uranium minerals include uranophane and carnotite. The altered granites have much lower Th/U ratios (0.03-0.10) than those of the fresh granites (1.69-2.05), indicating strong mobilization of uranium in this pluton by super-heated solutions that resulted from supergence meteoric water as well as U-addition by hypogene fluids. These solutions could pass through the structural network of fractures, joints and fault planes and have leached some of labile uranium from the surrounding rocks and/or the younger granites themselves. Then, changing in the physicochemical conditions of these solutions caused uranium precipitation as uranium minerals filling the cracks in the rock and/or adsorbed on the surface of clay minerals and iron oxides in the two shear zones

A renda da terra e suas cambalhotas: uma discussão sobre renda fundiária urbana, solo como mercadoria e a centralidade do Iguatemi

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Margarete Rodrigues Neves Oliveira

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o processo de produção do mais novo centro de negócios de Salvador - a centralidade da área do Iguatemi. Valendo-se de uma discussão teórica sobre a renda da terra, este trabalho utiliza categorias de análise que possibilitam desvendar o processo de valorização de trechos do solo urbano nessa cidade. Partindo da interpretação de dados oriundos de projetos de planejamento municipal, estatísticas, legislação de uso do solo, notícias da imprensa, este trabalho mostra que essa centralidade surgiu como resultado de um sistema integrado de ações de diferentes agentes governamentais e privados nos últimos 40 anos. O artigo revela que por trás de discursos oficiais de desenvolvimento urbano e de políticas governamentais de planejamento, desenvolveram-se agendas e práticas de um planejamento urbano invisível, que alocou recursos e materializou trabalho numa porção .solo virgem. da cidade do Salvador. Este processo resultou na elevação do valor da renda fundiária dessa área, o que atendeu a interesses privados. Este estudo configura-se num esforço de tornar o invisível visível e fornece algumas bases para o uso de novos e alternativos modelos de interpretação da produção do espaço urbano. Abstract This article analyzes the process of production of the Salvador¥s newest central business district - the Iguatemi Area. Using the Land Income Theory, this paper applies its analytical tools to reveal the process of increasing of land income on this part of the city. Based on the data from municipal planning projects, statistics, land use legislation and press coverage, the paper show s that this new center is a result of an integrated system of different governmental and private agencies actions in the last 40 years. The article reveals that behind urban development official discusses and governmental planning policies, one agenda and practices of invisible urban planning were developed, seeking to

Electromagnetic mapping of buried paleochannels in eastern Abu Dhabi Emirate, U.A.E.

Science.gov (United States)

Fitterman, D.V.; Menges, C.M.; Al Kamali, A.M.; Essa, Jama F.

1991-01-01

Transient electromagnetic soundings and terrain conductivity meter measurements were used to map paleochannel geometry in the Al Jaww Plain of eastern Abu Dhabi Emirate, U.A.E. as part of an integrated hydrogeologic study of the Quaternary alluvial aquifer system. Initial interpretation of the data without benefit of well log information was able to map the depth to a conductive clay layer of Tertiary age that forms the base of the aquifer. Comparison of the results with induction logs reveals that a resistive zone exists that was incorporated into the interpretation and its lateral extent mapped with the transient electromagnetic sounding data. ?? 1991.

Proposição e teste de um modelo de turismo para a população de baixa renda na cidade de São Paulo [doi: 10.5329/RECADM.20090801002

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Renata Giovinazzo Spers

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 RESUMO No campo de oportunidades que a população de classe de baixa renda apresenta, esse artigo visa analisar essas oportunidades na área do turismo, com o objetivo de propor um modelo de turismo voltado para as classes C e D, especificamente na região de São Paulo (capital e verificar sua aceitação junto à população de baixa renda. O modelo foi estruturado com base na teoria sobre o mercado popular, adaptando serviços de turismo existentes aos interesses e renda disponível deste segmento popular, tendo em vista o referencial conceitual analisado. A partir de uma pesquisa de campo, pode-se comprovar que as mudanças propostas para estruturar o modelo de turismo para baixa renda tiveram boa aceitação pelo público-alvo. Este público busca um pacote turístico com boa qualidade, preço baixo e com supressão de serviços dispensáveis (como arrumação do quarto todos os dias, refeições e televisão no quarto. Além disso, pode-se notar o interesse desse público por alguns roteiros de turismo e passeios ecológicos, representando uma oportunidade a ser explorada junto a uma parcela da população disposta a gastar parte de sua renda com o lazer, especialmente com viagens.   Palavras-chave Estratégias para baixa renda; Mercado popular; Turismo popular.   ABSTRACT In the opportunities that the income market bring to the firms, this paper will explore the opportunities in the tourism industry. The purpose of this paper is to develop a tourism model to low-income market in São Paulo, and to test it’s acceptance. The model was structured based on the theory about the low-income market, adapting the services to the interest of the potential consumers. The research proved that the changes had well acceptance. It becomes clear that the income market looks for quality and low price, excluding unessential services. Besides that, it’s possible to notice

An ethnozoological study in the adjoining areas of Mount Abu wildlife sanctuary, India

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Mahawar Madan

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background There is evidence that human beings are familiar with use of animals for food, cloth, medicine, etc. since ancient times. Enormous work has been done on ethnobotany and traditional medicine. Like plants, animal and their products are also possessing medicinal properties that can be exploited for the benefit of human beings. In India, many ethnic communities are dispersed all over the country and these people are still totally depended on local traditional medicinal system for their health care. India is gifted with faunal and floral biodiversity, Mount Abu wildlife sanctuary is also one of them, and thus the aim of this work was to take an ethnozoological field survey among Garasiya people (main tribal group of this area in the adjoining areas of this sanctuary. Method In order to document the ethnozoological information about animal and their products prevalent among these people in the adjoining area of Mount Abu wildlife sanctuary, a study was carried out from January, 2008 to April, 2008. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaire and open interview with 25 (16 male and 9 female selected Garasiya people. The name of animal and other ethnozoological information were documented. Photographs and discussion were also recorded with the help of camera and voice recorder. Result A total of 24 animal species were used in 35 different medicinal purposes including asthma, weakness, tuberculosis, cough, paralysis and blister and for other religious purposes. It has been find out that animal used by Garasiya, consist of fourteen mammals, five birds, three reptiles, one arthropods and one amphibian. The meat of Cynopterus sphinx used to relieved fever and cough has the highest FL (96% although flesh of Sus scrofa and tooth of Elephas maximus have the lowest FL (12%. Some protected species such as Elephas maximus (elephant, Semnopithecus priam (monkey, Cervus unicolor (sambhar were also mentioned as important medicinal

An ethnozoological study in the adjoining areas of Mount Abu wildlife sanctuary, India.

Science.gov (United States)

Jaroli, D P; Mahawar, Madan Mohan; Vyas, Nitin

2010-02-10

There is evidence that human beings are familiar with use of animals for food, cloth, medicine, etc. since ancient times. Enormous work has been done on ethnobotany and traditional medicine. Like plants, animal and their products are also possessing medicinal properties that can be exploited for the benefit of human beings. In India, many ethnic communities are dispersed all over the country and these people are still totally depended on local traditional medicinal system for their health care. India is gifted with faunal and floral biodiversity, Mount Abu wildlife sanctuary is also one of them, and thus the aim of this work was to take an ethnozoological field survey among Garasiya people (main tribal group of this area) in the adjoining areas of this sanctuary. In order to document the ethnozoological information about animal and their products prevalent among these people in the adjoining area of Mount Abu wildlife sanctuary, a study was carried out from January, 2008 to April, 2008. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaire and open interview with 25 (16 male and 9 female) selected Garasiya people. The name of animal and other ethnozoological information were documented. Photographs and discussion were also recorded with the help of camera and voice recorder. A total of 24 animal species were used in 35 different medicinal purposes including asthma, weakness, tuberculosis, cough, paralysis and blister and for other religious purposes. It has been find out that animal used by Garasiya, consist of fourteen mammals, five birds, three reptiles, one arthropods and one amphibian. The meat of Cynopterus sphinx used to relieved fever and cough has the highest FL (96%) although flesh of Sus scrofa and tooth of Elephas maximus have the lowest FL (12%). Some protected species such as Elephas maximus (elephant), Semnopithecus priam (monkey), Cervus unicolor (sambhar) were also mentioned as important medicinal resources. We also found that cough, asthma and

Política de estabilização de renda para a agricultura familiar: uma análise de risco

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Maria Aparecida Silva Oliveira

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Os produtores familiares foram prejudicados pelas políticas de substituição de importações e de modernização da agricultura, sofrendo com elevadas transferências de renda para fora do setor. Uma forma de ressarci-los seria implementando uma política de estabilização de renda que asseguraria rentabilidade estável aos produtores. O objetivo deste artigo é determinar os benefícios de uma política de estabilização de renda implementada na agricultura familiar para agricultores e consumidores de arroz, feijão, milho e mandioca, e os custos para agricultores comerciais nesses mercados. Utilizou-se o modelo de Newbery e Stiglitz, que considera a redução do risco com a política de estabilização de renda. A política implicaria aumento de receita para produtores familiares. Os benefícios de transferência superariam os de eficiência para produtores familiares e consumidores. Os benefícios para a agricultura familiar superariam os custos da agricultura comercial com a política nos mercados de feijão, mandioca e milho, e os benefícios totais superariam os custos totais nos mercados de feijão e milho, ao contrário ocorreria nos mercados de arroz e mandioca, embora neste fosse pequena a diferença. Conclui-se que a implementação da política seria viável nos mercados onde a participação da agricultura familiar fosse maior que a da comercial e naqueles importadores.Income transfers from family farm to nonagricultural sectors occurred due to imports to substitution policy. A way of compensating this segment could be set by an income stabilization policy that would improve the income distribution in the agricultural sector. Also it could assure a stable profitability to farmers. The objective of this paper is to determine the benefits of an income stabilization policy implemented to the family farms producing rice, beans, corn and cassava. The research also aims to determine the costs of this policy for commercial farmers

CAPITAL HUMANO OU CAPITALISMO SELVAGEM? UM BALANÇO DA CONTROVÉRSIA SOBRE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA DURANTE O “MILAGRE” BRASILEIRO

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Ricardo Strazzacappa Barone

2018-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O artigo tem por objetivo realizar um balançoda controvérsia sobre a distribuição de renda no Brasil na década de 1960. Para tanto, apresentamos os principais argumentos da interpretação “oficial”, fundamentada e justificada no trabalho de Langoni (1973, bem como as principais críticas a ela endereçadas pelas interpretações alternativas. A interpretação “oficial” considerou que o aumento na desigualdade da distribuição de renda entre 1960 e 1970 seria consequência natural e transitória do descompasso entre demanda e oferta de mãodeobra qualificada, num contexto de intenso crescimento econômico. Consideramos, em linha com as interpretações alternativas, que a interpretação “oficial” apresentouargumentos que obscureceram a importância de elementos teóricos e empíricos relacionados com ahierarquia organizacional das empresas, a política econômica do governo militar e o padrão de desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil.

Critical Success Factors in the Curriculum Alignment Process: The Case of the College of Business at Abu Dhabi University

Science.gov (United States)

Camba, Pitzel; Krotov, Vlad

2015-01-01

The main goals of this article are to (a) assist business schools in understanding the curriculum alignment process, and (b) uncover critical success factors in curriculum alignment. Based on a case study conducted at the College of Business at Abu Dhabi University, a detailed curriculum alignment process description is provided. The process…

Uranium distributions in the mineral constituents of granitoid rocks and the associated pegmatites at Wadi Abu Had, north eastern desert, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nossair, L.M.; Moharem, A.F.; Abdel Warith, A.

2007-01-01

Wadi Abu Had area is located at the northern part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. It covers about 55 km2 of the crystalline basement rocks stretching between latitudes 28o 15'- 28o 25' N and longitudes 32o 25' - 32o 35' E. Abu Had younger granites are fertile (uraniferous) granites as they possess U-contents greater than 11 ppm. Their associated pegmatites show higher U-contents than those of granitoid rocks and hosting secondary uranium minerals. Numerous unzoned and zoned pegmatite pockets are associated with the marginal parts of granodiorite and within younger granites. Zoned pegmatites are the most radioactive ones. They are composed of extremely coarse-grained milky quartz core, intermediate zone of mica and wall zone of feldspars. An alteration zone with secondary uranium minerals (uranophane and beta-uranophane) is found at the contact between quartz core and the intermediate zone.

A GIS-BASED MULTI-CRITERIA EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR SELECTION OF LANDFILL SITES: a case study from Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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S. M. Issa

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Landfill sites receive 92% of total annual solid waste produced by municipalities in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. In this study, candidate sites for an appropriate landfill location for the Abu Dhabi municipal area are determined by integrating geographic information systems (GIS and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE analysis. To identify appropriate landfill sites, eight input map layers including proximity to urban areas, proximity to wells and water table depth, geology and topography, proximity to touristic and archeological sites, distance from roads network, distance from drainage networks, and land slope are used in constraint mapping. A final map was generated which identified potential areas showing suitability for the location of the landfill site. Results revealed that 30% of the study area was identified as highly suitable, 25% as suitable, and 45% as unsuitable. The selection of the final landfill site, however, requires further field research.

Utilizations and Perceptions of Emergency Medical Services by Patients with ST-Segments Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction in Abu Dhabi: A Multicenter Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Callachan, Edward Lance; Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A; Nair, Satish Chandrasekhar; Bruijns, Stevan; Wallis, Lee A

2016-01-01

Data on the use of emergency medical services (EMS) by patients with cardiac conditions in the Gulf region are scarce, and prior studies have suggested underutilization. Patient perception and knowledge of EMS care is critical to proper utilization of such services. To estimate utilization, knowledge, and perceptions of EMS among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. We conducted a multicenter prospective study of consecutive patients admitted with STEMI in four government-operated hospitals in Abu Dhabi. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients to assess the rationale for choosing their prehospital mode of transport and their knowledge of EMS services. Of 587 patients with STEMI (age 51 ± 11 years, male 95%), only 15% presented through EMS, and the remainder came via private transport. Over half of the participants (55%) stated that they did not know the telephone number for EMS. The most common reasons stated for not using EMS were that private transport was quicker (40%) or easier (11%). A small percentage of participants (7%) did not use EMS because they did not think their symptoms were cardiac-related or warranted an EMS call. Stated reasons for not using EMS did not significantly differ by age, gender, or primary language of the patients. EMS care for STEMI is grossly underutilized in Abu Dhabi. Patient knowledge and perceptions may contribute to underutilization, and public education efforts are needed to raise their perception and knowledge of EMS.

Preliminary crustal deformation model deduced from GPS and earthquakes’ data at Abu-Dabbab area, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

Mohamed, Abdel-Monem S.; Hosny, A.; Abou-Aly, N.; Saleh, M.; Rayan, A.

2013-06-01

A local geodetic network consisting of eleven benchmarks has been established to study the recent crustal deformation in the Abu-Dabbab area. Seven campaigns of GPS measurements have been collected started from October 2008 and ended in March 2012. The collected data were processed using Bernese version 5.0, and the result values were adjusted to get the more accurate positions of the GPS stations. The magnitudes of horizontal displacements are variable from one epoch to another and in the range of 1-3 (±0.2) mm/yr. Due to the differences in rates of the horizontal displacement; the area is divided into two main blocks. The first one, moves to the east direction of about 3 mm/yr, while the second block, moves to the SW direction of about 6 mm/yr. According to the strain fields that were calculated for the different epochs of measurement, the main force is compression force and is taken the NW-SE to NWW-SEE direction. This force could be because of local and regional tectonic processes affecting on the study area. The maximum values of compression stress are found in the southern central and western part of study area. Estimated accumulation of this strain energy may be considered as an indicator of the possibility of earthquake occurrence. From the seismic tomography study, the 3D Vp and Vp/Vs crustal models indicate high Vp/Vs values forms an elongated anomaly, in the central part of the study area, that extends from a depth of 12 km to about 1-2 km of depth is obtained. By using this crustal model in relocations all seismicity informed that most of the seismicity strongly tend to occur in a cluster manner exactly above the southern part of the study area. Based on the conducted source mechanism study, it is noticed that shallow earthquakes are associated by a high CLVD ratio (up to 40%). Furthermore, initiation of a high level seismic activity, without a large seismic main shock is observed in the Abu-Dabbab area. The distribution of micro-earthquakes tends to

SINTESIS SILIKA AEROGEL DENGAN BAHAN DASAR ABU BAGASSE

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Nazriati Nazriati

2012-05-01

Full Text Available SYNTHESIS OF SILICA AEROGEL FROM BAGASSE ASH. Synthesis of silica aerogel from bagasse ash was done by alkaline extraction followed by sol-gel. Bagasse ash was extracted with NaOH at its boiling temperature for one hour with continue stirring, to produce sodium silicate. Subsequently, sodium silicate was pass through ionic exchanger resin, to produces silicic acid (SA. Silicic acid solution was then added with TMCS and HMDS as surface modifier agent. In order to form gel pH must be adjusted to final pH of 8-9 by addition of NH4OH solution. The resulting gel then was aged and dried at ambient pressure and at a certain time and temperature. Characterization of products was done by measuring its pore volume, surface area, and hydrophobisity (contact angle. TMCS serves as water expeller from the pores and subsequently surface was modified by HMDS and TMCS. HMDS content will linearly increase surface area, pore volume, and the contact angle of the resulting silica aerogel. Characteristics of silica aerogel was generated by varying the composition of the SA:TMCS:HMDS resulting has a surface area of 50-488 m2/g, pore volume from 0.2 to 0.9 m3 /g, the contact angle of 48-119 and pore diameter ranging from 5.7-22.56 nm. Based on the resulting pore diameter, the synthesized of silica aerogel categorized as mesoporous.      Abstrak   Sintesis silika aerogel dari bahan dasar abu bagasse dilakukan dengan ekstraksi basa dan diikuti dengan sol-gel. Abu bagasse diekstrak dengan NaOH pada suhu didihnya sambil diaduk selama satu jam, menghasilkan sodium silikat. Selanjutnya, sodium silikat dilewatkan resin penukar ion, menghasilkan asam silicic (SA. Larutan asam silicic kemudian ditambahkan trimethy­l­chlorosilane (TMCS dan hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS sebagai agen pemodifikasi permukaan. Untuk terjadinya gel pH diatur hingga mencapai 8-9 dengan penambahan larutan NH4OH. Gel yang dihasilkan kemudian di-aging dan dikeringkan pada tekanan ambien pada suhu dan

Baixa Renda: O Consumo Simbólico e o Comércio Informal de Acessórios Femininos

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Elisângela Domingues Michelatto Natt; Bruna Fernanda Barbosa; Francisco Giovanni David Vieira; Alexandre de Pádua Carrieri

2017-01-01

Para compreender mais do universo do consumo simbólico, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre o consumo de acessórios femininos por mulheres de baixa renda. As participantes foram revendedoras ambulantes e suas clientes. Sob a perspectiva do consumo simbólico foi possível observar alguns aspectos comuns ao consumo dessa classe de mulheres que recorrem às suas experiências de consumo para relacionar-se no universo social e marcar sua presença nele. Em termos gerenciais essa pesquisa se faz importan...

Renda da terra e o espaço urbano capitalista contemporâneo

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RENAN PEREIRA ALMEIDA

Full Text Available RESUMO Este trabalho visa expor e discutir quais correntes do pensamento econômico são capazes de apresentar formulações que dialoguem com a conformação espacial das cidades no capitalismo contemporâneo. Para isso, parte-se de uma apresentação dos pressupostos de um modelo neoclássico tradicional de Economia Urbana, seguido da apreciação crítica desse modelo. A partir dessa crítica, expõem-se as diversas visões das escolas de pensamento econômico em relação ao conceito de renda da terra, o qual é entendido como uma categoria de análise ainda útil para se entender tal estrutura espacial, bem como são fundamentais as considerações sobre as particularidades do urbano.

Insegurança alimentar no Nordeste e Sul do Brasil: magnitude, fatores associados e padrões de renda per capita para redução das iniquidades

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Luiz Augusto Facchini

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa a insegurança alimentar em domicílios urbanos com crianças menores de sete anos de idade. Por meio de estudo transversal localizou-se, nas áreas de abrangência de unidades básicas de saúde, 5.419 domicílios na Região Nordeste e 5.081 na Região Sul do Brasil. A insegurança alimentar foi avaliada usando-se a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. A prevalência de insegurança alimentar moderada ou grave foi 22,9% no Nordeste e 7,5% no Sul. Em ambas as regiões, na análise ajustada, a maior probabilidade de insegurança alimentar moderada e grave foi identificada em domicílios chefiados por mulheres, com cor da pele materna preta e parda/mestiça, com menor escolaridade materna, menor renda familiar per capita e beneficiários do Bolsa Família. A insegurança alimentar moderada ou grave seria reduzida em 59,5% no Nordeste e em 45,4% no Sul, com uma renda familiar per capita mínima de R$ 175,00 ao mês. O aumento da renda familiar dos mais pobres e a melhor focalização do Bolsa Família são essenciais para a diminuição da insegurança alimentar no país.

A COMUNICAÇÃO PUBLICITÁRIA NAS INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS PARA O SEGMENTO DE ALTA RENDA

OpenAIRE

Montresor, Paulo Eduardo Noronha

2007-01-01

Esta pesquisa investiga como quatro dos maiores bancos que atuam no Brasil - Bradesco, Itaú, Citibank e BankBoston - utilizam a comunicação para seduzir o público de alta renda. O objetivo é definir quais são os apelos e os valores utilizados nos comerciais de televisão e entender por que os filmes são muitos similares nos argumentos de persuasão. A importância desta pesquisa se define em conseqüência da forte presença dos bancos no meio TV e pelo fato de os principais bancos no Brasil terem ...

Consumo infantil de alimentos industrializados e renda familiar na cidade de São Paulo Association of children's consumption of processed foods and family income in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

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Rita de Cássia de Aquino

2002-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever o consumo infantil de alimentos industrializados e a relação com a renda familiar per capita, com base em inquérito domiciliar. MÉTODOS: O consumo alimentar de uma amostra probabilística da população infantil residente na cidade de São Paulo, entre zero e 59 meses de idade (n=718, foi estudado em 1995/1996 por meio de inquérito recordatório de 24h. Analisou-se a relação entre o consumo de 24 alimentos industrializados e a renda familiar per capita, distribuída em quartis. RESULTADOS: O consumo de açúcar foi maior entre as crianças de menor renda, enquanto achocolatados, chocolates, iogurte, leite em pó modificado e refrigerantes foram mais consumidos por crianças de maior renda familiar per capita (pOBJECTIVE: To describe children's consumption of processed foods and its relationship with per capita family income based on a household survey. METHODS: Food consumption was studied in a statistical sample of 718 children living in the city of São Paulo in the period 1995-1996. A 24-hour dietary recall was used. Data regarding the association of children's consumption of 24 processed foods and per capita family income (arranged in quartiles was analyzed. RESULTS: Consumption of sugar was higher among children of low income families whereas the consumption of chocolate powder, chocolate, yogurt, infant formula and soft drinks was higher among children of high income families (p< 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that per capita family income affects the consumption of some processed foods.

Utilizations and Perceptions of Emergency Medical Services by Patients with ST-Segments Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction in Abu Dhabi: A Multicenter Study

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Callachan, Edward Lance; Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A.; Nair, Satish Chandrasekhar; Bruijns, Stevan; Wallis, Lee A.

2016-01-01

Background: Data on the use of emergency medical services (EMS) by patients with cardiac conditions in the Gulf region are scarce, and prior studies have suggested underutilization. Patient perception and knowledge of EMS care is critical to proper utilization of such services. Objectives: To estimate utilization, knowledge, and perceptions of EMS among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Methods: We conducted a multicenter prospective study of consecutive patients admitted with STEMI in four government-operated hospitals in Abu Dhabi. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients to assess the rationale for choosing their prehospital mode of transport and their knowledge of EMS services. Results: Of 587 patients with STEMI (age 51 ± 11 years, male 95%), only 15% presented through EMS, and the remainder came via private transport. Over half of the participants (55%) stated that they did not know the telephone number for EMS. The most common reasons stated for not using EMS were that private transport was quicker (40%) or easier (11%). A small percentage of participants (7%) did not use EMS because they did not think their symptoms were cardiac-related or warranted an EMS call. Stated reasons for not using EMS did not significantly differ by age, gender, or primary language of the patients. Conclusions: EMS care for STEMI is grossly underutilized in Abu Dhabi. Patient knowledge and perceptions may contribute to underutilization, and public education efforts are needed to raise their perception and knowledge of EMS. PMID:27512532

Transferência de renda e segurança alimentar no Brasil: análise dos dados nacionais Cash transference and food insecurity in Brazil: analysis of national data

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Ana Maria Segall-Corrêa

2008-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios 2004, a hipótese de que a participação em programas governamentais de Transferência de Renda está associada à situação de segurança alimentar no domicílio. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se dados secundários da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios com entrevistas em 112.716 domicílios. Incluíram-se neste trabalho os domicílios particulares permanentes e improvisados, em que as informações sobre segurança alimentar foram fornecidas por um morador, limitando-se ainda àqueles com rendimento domiciliar per capita de até um salário-mínimo, representando isto 51,2% dos domicílios da amostra. Foram elaborados três modelos de estimativas de transferência de renda com resultados semelhantes; escolheu-se o Modelo 3 por resultar em menor probabilidade de superestimar efeitos. Para estimar o efeito da transferência de renda na prevalência de segurança alimentar, foram incluídos apenas os domicílios que recebiam transferência de renda correspondendo a 14,2% do total de domicílios entrevistados. A associação entre segurança alimentar e transferência de renda, controlando por outras variáveis independentes, foi estimada mediante modelos de regressão logística, método stepwise, para cada uma das três faixas de rendimento domiciliar per capita. RESULTADOS: Os programas de transferência de renda considerados neste estudo apresentaram um valor médio de benefícios de R$81,68 por domicílio. A regressão logística múltipla mostrou aumento em torno de 8,0% na chance de segurança alimentar, para cada 10 reais de acréscimo nos valores das transferências. As condições de: residência em área rural, pessoa de referência do sexo masculino e de raça/cor branca também apresentaram associação positiva com segurança alimentar. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados confirmam a hipótese do estudo, indicando associação positiva da

Cornici di tortura Lo scandalo di Abu Ghraib come rituale mediatizzato tra fotogiornalismo e arte contemporanea

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Marco Solaroli

2010-11-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the scandal of Abu Ghraib. The diffusion of the torture photographs is analyzed as a peculiar form of mediatized ritual, which has cristallized them in the public memory and performatively activated a number of practices of creative re-contextualization and symbolic re-articulation. In particular, the paper problematizes a wide range of forms of artistic representations of the torture photographs, according to three main analytical dimensions: inter-iconic translation, authorial intentions, degree of institutionalization.

Desigualdade de renda e situação de saúde: o caso do Rio de Janeiro Income inequality and health: the case of Rio de Janeiro

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Célia Landmann Szwarcwald

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo ecológico testa a associação entre desigualdade de renda e condições de saúde no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizaram-se técnicas de geoprocessamento e de regressão múltipla, além do coeficiente de mortalidade infantil, da taxa de mortalidade padronizada por idade, da esperança de vida ao nascer e da taxa de homicídios. Os padrões de desigualdade de renda foram avaliados por meio do índice de Gini, do índice de Robin Hood e da razão da renda média entre os 10% mais ricos e os 40% mais pobres. Os resultados evidenciam correlações significativas dos indicadores de desigualdade de renda com todos os indicadores de saúde, demonstrando que as piores condições de saúde não podem ser dissociadas das disparidades de renda. Para os homicídios, a concentração de indivíduos residentes em favelas se mostrou relevante, sugerindo uma piora adicional das condições de saúde através da deterioração das interações comunitárias e do aumento da criminalidade. A análise geoepidemiológica aponta para o vínculo entre as piores condições de saúde e a concentração residencial de pobreza. Conclui-se que há necessidade urgente de se implementarem políticas compensatórias para amenizar os efeitos danosos da desigualdade social.This ecological analysis addresses the association between income inequality and health status in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Data were analyzed using geo-processing and multiple regression techniques. The following health indicators were used: infant mortality rate; standardized mortality rate; life expectancy at birth; and homicide rate among 15-29-year-old males. Patterns of income inequality were assessed through income distribution indicators: Gini index, Robin Hood index, and top 10%/bottom 40% average income ratio. The results indicate significant correlations between income distribution indicators and health indicators, providing additional empirical evidence of the

School Children's Use of Digital Devices, Social Media and Parental Knowledge and Involvement--The Case of Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Badri, Masood; Alnuaimi, Ali; Al Rashedi, Asma; Yang, Guang; Temsah, Khaled

2017-01-01

This paper looks at the usage of social media devices and applications, and parental knowledge and involvement among Abu Dhabi children in Grade 6 or higher. It examines the young children's usage of personal computers, mobile phones and tablet PCs, and social media related apps. The paper tries to understand the reasons for joining or not joining…

Consumo no Brasil: teoria da renda permanente, formação de hábito e restrição à liquidez

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Fábio Augusto Reis Gomes

2004-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa a série de consumo agregado do Brasil. Como usual, investiga-se, primeiramente, a aplicabilidade da hipótese do passeio aleatório do consumo, derivada teoricamente a partir das hipóteses de ciclo de vida/renda permanente e expectativas racionais (TRP. Utilizando a decomposição de Beveridge e Nelson (1981 verificamos que o consumo apresenta, além de uma tendência estocástica, uma parte cíclica estacionaria, o que não é compatível com a TRP. Este resultado está em conformidade com o resultado de Reis et alii (1998 de que grande parte da população brasileira está restrita a consumir sua renda corrente, existindo um ciclo comum entre consumo e renda. Em uma tentativa de gerar um processo estocástico para o consumo compatível com a evidência empírica introduzimos formação de hábito nas preferências de um consumidor representativo. No entanto, o processo daí derivado não se mostrou significativo diante da possibilidade dos consumidores serem restritos à liquidez.This article analyzes the behavior of aggregate consumption series in Brazil. As usual, the random walk hypothesis of consumption, derived theoretically from the life cycle/permanent income and rational expectations hypothesis (PIH, is tested. The Beveridge e Nelson (1981 decomposition indicates that the consumption series has a stochastic trend and a cyclical stationary component, incompatible with the PIH. This result is in line with Reis et alii (1998, who concluded that a large fraction of Brazilian people is credit constrained, which generates a common cycle between consumption and income. Following, we introduce habit formation in the preference of a representative consumer in order to attempt to produce a process of consumption compatible with the empirical evidence. However, such a process does not prove itself statistically significant amidst the possibility of credit constraint consumers.

Recent benthic foraminifera and sedimentary facies from mangrove swamps and channels of Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)

Science.gov (United States)

Fiorini, Flavia; Odeh, Weaam A. S. Al; Lokier, Stephen W.; Paul, Andreas

2016-04-01

Zonation of Recent mangrove environments can be defined using benthic foraminifera, however, little is known about foraminifera from mangrove environments of the Arabian Gulf. The objective of this study is to produce a detailed micropaleontological and sedimentological analysis to identify foraminiferal associations in several coastline environments (mangrove swamps and channels) located on the eastern side of Abu Dhabi Island (UAE). Detailed sediment sampling collection in mangal environments of Eastern Abu Dhabi was carried out to assess the distribution of living and dead benthic foraminifera in different sedimentary facies in the mangal and in the surrounding area comprising natural environments of the upper and lower intertidal area (mud flats and channels) and areas modified by anthropogenic activities (dredged channels). The fine-grain sediments collected near mangrove (Avicenna marina) roots presented a high abundance of living and dead foraminifera tests. The assemblages in these samples show very low diversity and are almost entirely constituted of small-sized opportunistic species belonging to the genera Ammonia and Elphidium. In particular: • Samples collected on the mud flat and in ponds at the margin of the channel show a foraminiferal assemblage characterised by abundant foraminifera belonging to the genera Ammonia, Elphidium, Triloculina, Quinqueloculina, Peneroplis and Spirolina. • Samples collected in the lower (wet) intertidal area close to Avicenna marina roots, presented a low-diversity assemblage mostly comprising opportunistic foraminifera of the genera Ammonia and Elphidium along with rare miliolidae. • Samples from the upper intertidal area (dry) close to Avicenna marina roots, produced an assemblage exclusively composed of small-sized opportunistic Ammonia and Elphidium, together with abundant specimens belonging to the genera Trochammina. Throchammina specimens have not been previously recorded from Recent sedimentary samples of

Medical ethics at Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib: the problem of dual loyalty.

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Clark, Peter A

2006-01-01

Although knowledge of torture and physical and psychological abuse was widespread at both the Guantanamo Bay detention facility and Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, and known to medical personnel, there was no official report before the January 2004 Army investigation of military health personnel reporting abuse, degradation or signs of torture. Military medical personnel are placed in a position of a "dual loyalty" conflict. They have to balance the medical needs of their patients, who happen to be detainees, with their military duty to their employer. The United States military medical system failed to protect detainee's human rights, violated the basic principles of medical ethics and ignored the basic tenets of medical professionalism.

Impacto do sistema de tributos e benefícios sociais sobre a desigualdade de renda e a pobreza : uma análise para as grandes regiões brasileiras e o Estado de Pernambuco

OpenAIRE

Rocha da Silva, Bruno

2005-01-01

Apesar de ter uma carga tributária como proporção do PIB equivalente a de países desenvolvidos e um gasto social que não pode ser considerado desprezível, o Brasil não consegue utilizar seu sistema de tributos e benefícios sociais de forma que a incidência do mesmo se traduza em um nível satisfatório de desigualdade de renda e de pobreza. Tendo em vista as disparidades existentes entre as regiões brasileiras, este sistema teria diferentes impactos sobre a renda da população por conta da heter...

Hydrogeochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater in the reclaimed small basin of Abu Mina, Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

Salem, Zenhom E.; Atwia, Mohamed G.; El-Horiny, Mohamed M.

2015-12-01

Agricultural reclamation activities during the last few decades in the Western Nile Delta have led to great changes in the groundwater levels and quality. In Egypt, changing the desert land into agricultural land has been done using transferred Nile water (through irrigation canal systems) or/and groundwater. This research investigates the hydrogeochemical changes accompanying the reclamation processes in the small basin of Abu Mina, which is part of the Western Nile Delta region. In summer 2008, 23 groundwater samples were collected and groundwater levels were measured in 40 observation wells. Comparing the groundwater data of the pre-reclamation (1974) and the post-reclamation (2008) periods, groundwater seems to have been subjected to many changes: rise in water level, modification of the flow system, improvement of water quality, and addition of new salts through dissolution processes. Generally, Abu Mina basin is subdivided into two areas, recharge and discharge. The dissolution and mixing were recognized in the recharge areas, while the groundwater of the discharge region carries the signature of the diluted pre-reclamation groundwater. The salts of soil and aquifer deposits play an important role in the salt content of the post and pre-reclamation groundwater. NaCl was the predominant water type in the pre-reclamation groundwater, while CaSO4, NaCl and MgSO4 are the common chemical facies in the post-reclamation groundwater. The post-reclamation groundwater mostly indicates mixing between the pre-reclamation groundwater and the infiltrated freshwater with addition of some ions due to interaction with soil and sediments.

Forma, valor e renda na arquitetura contemporânea

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Pedro Fiori Arantes

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A arquitetura contemporânea vive hoje uma arriscada fusão com a publicidade e a indústria do entretenimento. Tal convergência exige uma expansão da forma arquitetônica até o limite de sua materialidade. Em busca da renda informacional máxima, característica do universo das marcas mundiais, constatamos uma inversão de seus antigos fundamentos construtivos e produtivos, subvertidos por um jogo de volumes e efeitos para além de qualquer regra ou limitação. Aliado às técnicas digitais de projeto e à reorganização dos canteiros de obra, esse novo fetichismo da forma, análogo à autonomização do poder e da riqueza abstrata no capitalismo contemporâneo, define a nova condição da arquitetura de ponta.Contemporary architecture is dangerously enmeshed with the entertainment industry and the field of advertising. This meshing has pushed architectural form to the limits of materiality. Architecture today searches for maximum informational rent, a process typical of global product branding; through this process, established building and production principles are subverted by a play of volumes and effects beyond any rule or limitation. Relying on digital design technologies and the reorganization of the building site, this new fetishism of form, analogous to the autonomization of power and abstract wealth in contemporary capitalism, defines the new condition of cutting-edge architecture.

Aspectos relacionados aos efeitos da desigualdade de renda na saúde: mecanismos contextuais Issues regarding the effects on health of income inequality: contextual mechanisms

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Roger Keller Celeste

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O Brasil é um dos países mais desiguais em distribuição de renda e a influência desse fator na saúde das pessoas é controversa. Este artigo revisou a metodologia para estudos contextuais e mecanismos de ação que podem explicar o efeito contextual da desigualdade de renda na saúde. O estudo de efeitos contextuais necessita de teorias multiníveis bem formuladas que identifiquem o papel de cada variável no modelo, e o nível de agregação ideal das variáveis contextuais. Foram identificadas quatro explicações: (1 artefato estatístico; (2 comparação social;(3 subinvestimento público; (4 capital social. A contribuição relativa de cada um desses mecanismos não está ainda bem avaliada. Concluímos que a existência de diferentes mecanismos de ação pode explicar parte da heterogeneidade dos resultados. Outra explicação é que a desigualdade de renda pode captar outros construtos, como estratificação social ou políticas públicas e, em alguns casos, pode não ser um bom marcador de tais construtos. Estudos com maior poder de estabelecimento de relação causal são necessários. Uma possibilidade é a avaliação do impacto de políticas de intervenção direcionadas para redistribuição de renda.Brazil is one of the most unequal countries in income distribution. The influence of this factor on people's health is controversial. This article reviews the contextual effects and possible pathways linking income inequality to health. Contextual effect studies need well-developed multilevel theories, identifying the roles of variables in the explaining model, especially the role of individual level variables and the level of aggregation of contextual variables. Four explanations for the relationship between income inequality and health were identified: (1 statistical artifact; (2 social comparison; (3 underinvestment in social police; (4 social capital. The relative contribution of each of these mechanisms has not been well

Renewable energy policies in the Gulf countries. A case study of the carbon-neutral 'Masdar City' in Abu Dhabi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reiche, Danyel [Department of Political Studies and Public Administration (PSPA), American University of Beirut, Jesup Hall, Room 205, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020 (Lebanon); Wuppertal Institute (Germany)

2010-01-15

The Gulf countries are largely dependent on exporting oil and natural gas for their national budgets. They mainly use domestic fossil fuels for their domestic energy supply. In spite of favorable geographic conditions, especially for solar energy, renewable energies are still a niche application. Abu Dhabi, besides Dubai, the most important emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has now started a process of 'transforming oil wealth into renewable energy leadership', and has set the long-term goal of a 'transition from a 20th Century, carbon-based economy into a 21st Century sustainable economy'. This article is a case study about 'Masdar City', a planned carbon-neutral town in Abu Dhabi. The article describes the key characteristics of Masdar City, analyses the drivers behind the project, identifies the main actors for its implementation, and seeks obstacles to creation and development as well as the policy behind Masdar City. Finally, a first judgment of possible diffusion effects of the project is done. (author)

Renewable Energy Policies in the Gulf countries: A case study of the carbon-neutral 'Masdar City' in Abu Dhabi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reiche, Danyel, E-mail: dr09@aub.edu.l [Department of Political Studies and Public Administration (PSPA), American University of Beirut, Jesup Hall, Room 205, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020 (Lebanon); Wuppertal Institute (Germany)

2010-01-15

The Gulf countries are largely dependent on exporting oil and natural gas for their national budgets. They mainly use domestic fossil fuels for their domestic energy supply. In spite of favorable geographic conditions, especially for solar energy, renewable energies are still a niche application. Abu Dhabi, besides Dubai, the most important emirate in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has now started a process of 'transforming oil wealth into renewable energy leadership,' and has set the long-term goal of a 'transition from a 20th Century, carbon-based economy into a 21st Century sustainable economy.' This article is a case study about 'Masdar City,' a planned carbon-neutral town in Abu Dhabi. The article describes the key characteristics of Masdar City, analyses the drivers behind the project, identifies the main actors for its implementation, and seeks obstacles to creation and development as well as the policy behind Masdar City. Finally, a first judgment of possible diffusion effects of the project is done.

Makam Sayyid Husein Bin Abu Bakar Al-Aydarus: Jaringan Spiritual Usmani Di Indonesia Akhir Abad Ke-19

OpenAIRE

SUPRATMAN, FRIAL RAMADHAN

2016-01-01

This article investigates Indonesian history with transnational approach espe- cially in tracing social community of Indonesia in the context of globalization during nineteenth century. In this article, author focuses on holy tomb of ulama or saint (wali), Sayyid Husein bin Abu Bakar al-Aydarus, who died in the late eighteenth century and buried in Batavia. Although he died more than a century a go, his influence through tomb still can be sensed until now. In the nineteenth century, the tomb ...

OIL SPILL DETECTION AND MONITORING OF ABU DHABI COASTAL ZONE USING KOMPSAT-5 SAR IMAGERY

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H. A. Harahsheh

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Abu Dhabi Government endorsed vision for its Maritime Strategy ‘A safe, secure and sustainable maritime domain for Abu Dhabi'. This research study share this vision using the concept of monitoring as tool for marine protection against any possible oil pollution. The best technology to detect and monitor oil pollution and in particularly oil spill is SAR imagery In this case study we chose KOMPSAT-5 SAR. KOMPSAT-5 carries X-band SAR for earth observation, and is capable of day-and-night imaging under all weather condition. It provides three operation modes: High Resolution Mode to provide 1 m resolution, Standard Mode to provide 3 m resolution and Wide Swath Mode to provide 20 m resolution with 100 km swath at 550 km altitude, with four modes of polarization. KOMPSAT-5 provides products for various applications; security and defense, mapping, and natural resource management, environmental monitoring, disaster monitoring and more. For our case study we chose to work with Wide Swath mode (WS with Vertical polarization (VV to cover a wide area of interest located to the north west of Abu Dhabi including some important islands like ”Zirku Island”, and areas with oil production activities. The results of data acquired on 4th May 2015 show some spot of oil spill with length estimated about 3 KM, and the daily satellite data acquisition over the period July 24 through July 31 shows serious and many oil spill events some are small, but many others are considered to be big with area size around 20 km2. In the context of oil spill pollution in the seas, we have to consider the development and increase of overseas transportation, which is an important factor for both social and economic sectors. The harmful effects of marine pollution are numerous, from the damage of marine life to the damage of the aquatic ecosystem as whole. As such, the need for oil slick detection is crucial, for the location of polluted areas and to evaluate slick drift to

Oil Spill Detection and Monitoring of Abu Dhabi Coastal Zone Using KOMPSAT-5 SAR Imagery

Science.gov (United States)

Harahsheh, H. A.

2016-06-01

Abu Dhabi Government endorsed vision for its Maritime Strategy `A safe, secure and sustainable maritime domain for Abu Dhabi'. This research study share this vision using the concept of monitoring as tool for marine protection against any possible oil pollution. The best technology to detect and monitor oil pollution and in particularly oil spill is SAR imagery In this case study we chose KOMPSAT-5 SAR. KOMPSAT-5 carries X-band SAR for earth observation, and is capable of day-and-night imaging under all weather condition. It provides three operation modes: High Resolution Mode to provide 1 m resolution, Standard Mode to provide 3 m resolution and Wide Swath Mode to provide 20 m resolution with 100 km swath at 550 km altitude, with four modes of polarization. KOMPSAT-5 provides products for various applications; security and defense, mapping, and natural resource management, environmental monitoring, disaster monitoring and more. For our case study we chose to work with Wide Swath mode (WS) with Vertical polarization (VV) to cover a wide area of interest located to the north west of Abu Dhabi including some important islands like "Zirku Island", and areas with oil production activities. The results of data acquired on 4th May 2015 show some spot of oil spill with length estimated about 3 KM, and the daily satellite data acquisition over the period July 24 through July 31 shows serious and many oil spill events some are small, but many others are considered to be big with area size around 20 km2. In the context of oil spill pollution in the seas, we have to consider the development and increase of overseas transportation, which is an important factor for both social and economic sectors. The harmful effects of marine pollution are numerous, from the damage of marine life to the damage of the aquatic ecosystem as whole. As such, the need for oil slick detection is crucial, for the location of polluted areas and to evaluate slick drift to protect the coastline

Out-of-School Experience Categories Influencing Interest in Biology of Secondary School Students by Gender: Exploration on an Abu Dhabi Sample

Science.gov (United States)

Badri, Masood; Yang, Guang; Al Mazroui, Karima; Mohaidat, Jihad; Al Rashedi, Asma; Al Housani, Najwa

2017-01-01

This study employed the international Relevance of Science Education questionnaire to survey the interest in biology and the out-of-school experiences of Abu Dhabi secondary school students (median age 17, mean age 17.53 and mode age of 16) in the third semester of 2014. It included 3100 participants. An exploratory factor analysis was used to…

Influence of Chemical Parameters on Artemia sp. (Crustacea: Anostraca Population in Al Wathba Lake in the Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE

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Anitha Saji

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Long term monitoring programme on Brine shrimp (Artemia sp. is being carried out by the Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (EAD with the prime purpose of understanding the population dynamics, ecology and habitat requirements of Artemia at Al Wathba Lake, situated within Al Wathba Wetland Reserve, which is an artificial wetland near Abu Dhabi City. The present study, being a component of this programme, intends to understand the influence of chemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia and total organic carbon on Artemia biomass and cyst production at different sites of the Al Wathba Lake. The study was carried out by sampling lake water quarterly for a period of 5 years from 2010 to 2014. The Artemia population was found to have direct impact of the above mentioned parameters on its abundance. The abundance was highest during the year 2010. Further, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate and cadmium were found to be the most crucial parameters for production of Artemia. The study further aimed to determine the significant relationship between physico-chemical parameters and Artemia sp. population dynamics and cyst production.

Maslyuzhenko D.N. Turko-Mongol Traditions in the “State of Nomadic Uzbeks” of Abu al-Khair Khan

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D.N. Maslyuzhenko

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The author of this article identifies the daily and political traditions in the Khanate of Abu al-Khair, which researchers traditionally call the “State of nomadic Uzbeks”. This State was created in the south of Western Siberia in the 1430’s and annexed by military means to the land of Shiban’s (the younger brother of Batu descendants. The overwhelming majority of researchers consider it as a Muslim State since its very foundation, substantiating their allegations by indication both on the reading of khutba in honor of Khan after he took the “throne of Sain Khan” and on the presence of the sheikhs and Sufis in his entourage. At the same time, the authority of Abu al-Khair had the strong support of nomadic elite of more than twenty tribes. Precisely this elite, its inquiries and interests, which were advocated on the nobility councils, formed the existing political and daily traditions. These traditions reflect the preservation of Turko-Mongol customs among nomadic populations. We can find analogies of these practices in the earlier customs among the precursors of post-Golden Horde State, i.e., in the Mongol Empire and the ulus of Jochi. Traditions of the Abu al-Khair’s Khanate represented a phenomenon of cultural inertia, which were restored in the conditions of Islamization and could become the adats. This effect is particularly significant in view of the specific attitude of Sufi tariqats to the phenomena of social life. In political terms, of particular importance among these was the restoration of the Toy and the related kurultay that could take place in accordance with the existing steppe (animals calendar. The khans restored the ritual of robes and belts’ distribution as the main mechanism for redeployment of posts and responsibilities among the steppe aristocracy. Military tradition was also focused on samples of the previous time, which was particularly manifested in the selection of wings and avant-garde. In the course

Applying post classification change detection technique to monitor an Egyptian coastal zone (Abu Qir Bay

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Mamdouh M. El-Hattab

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Land cover changes considered as one of the important global phenomena exerting perhaps one of the most significant effects on the environment than any other factor. It is, therefore, vital that accurate data on land cover changes are made available to facilitate the understanding of the link between land cover changes and environmental changes to allow planners to make effective decisions. In this paper, the post classification approach was used to detect and assess land cover changes of one of the important coastal zones in Egypt, Abu Qir Bay zone, based on the comparative analysis of independently produced classification images of the same area at different dates. In addition to satellite images, socioeconomic data were used with the aid of land use model EGSLR to indicate relation between land cover and land use changes. Results indicated that changes in different land covers reflected the changes in occupation status in specific zones. For example, in the south of Idku Lake zone, it was observed that the occupation of settlers changed from being unskilled workers to fishermen based on the expansion of the area of fish farms. Change rates increased dramatically in the period from 2004 to 2013 as remarkable negative changes were found especially in fruits and palm trees (i.e. loss of about 66 km2 of land having fruits and palm trees due to industrialization in the coastal area. Also, a rapid urbanization was monitored along the coastline of Abu Qir Bay zone due to the political conditions in Egypt (25th of January Revolution within this period and which resulted to the temporary absence of monitoring systems to regulate urbanization.

The development of stromatolitic features from laminated microbial mats in the coastal sabkha of Abu Dhabi (UAE)

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Paul, Andreas; Lessa Andrade, Luiza; Dutton, Kirsten E.; Sherry, Angela; Court, Wesley M.; Van der Land, Cees; Lokier, Stephen W.; Head, Ian M.

2017-04-01

Stromatolitic features are documented from both marine and terrestrial environments worldwide. These features form through a combination of trapping and binding of allochthonous grains, and through microbially mediated and/or controlled precipitation of carbonate minerals. The combined effects of these processes result in the continuous vertical and lateral growth of stromatolites. While the Abu Dhabi coastal sabkha is well known for a vast microbial mat belt that is dominated by continuous polygonal and internally-laminated microbial mats, no stromatolitic features have been reported from this area so far. In this study, we report evidence for stromatolitic features from the coastal sabkha of Abu Dhabi, based on observations in an intertidal but permanently submerged pool. This pool lies embedded within the laminated microbial mat zone, and is marked by the development of true laminated stromatolite at its margins and microbial build-ups at its centre. In order to characterise processes that lead to the formation of these stromatolitic features, and to develop a conceptual model that describes their development in the context of variations in sea level, tidal energy and other environmental factors, we employ a multitude of environmental, sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical methods. These methods include the analysis of water data in terms of temporal variations in temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and water level, the analysis of petrographic thin sections of both lithified and unlithified features as well as an analysis of the stromatolites' mineralogical composition, and the amounts of incorporated organic carbon and calcium carbonate. Initial results suggest that the development of the observed stromatolitic features in the coastal sabkha of Abu Dhabi is the result of a complex interplay between simultaneous erosion of laminated microbial mat, and biotic/abiotic lithification processes. Initially, the location of this pool was characterised by

Teks al-Qur’an dalam Pandangan Nashr Hamid Abu Zayd

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Ahmad Fauzan

2015-03-01

Full Text Available A thought to have an important role to someone. If true thinking it will affect a good understanding leads to attitudes and behavior. However, if the faulty thinking that very result in the destruction of the attitudes and behavior and may even lead to the destruction of one’s Islamic faith. For a Muslim, thinking of concepts related to faith must rely on the descriptions that have been described by Allah SWT and His Messenger and do not necessary diligence in achieving it as the judge actions in fiqh. Because the truth related to faith is not what will go in or unreasonable, scientific or unscientific. But the truth of faith is related to what are established Allah SWT and His Messenger, although not satisfying logic and can not sensed. Related to the above, this paper tries to explain an example of a false thought linked to al-Qur’an faith brought by a prominent modernist Islamic thinker, Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid. Because, to know the truth can sometimes be achieved after knowing a falsehood.

75 FR 2921 - In the Matter of the Designation of Said Ali al-Shihri, Also Known as Abu-Sayyaf, Also Known as...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-19

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 6872] In the Matter of the Designation of Said Ali al-Shihri... Known as Abu Sufian Kadhdhaab Matrook, Also Known as Sa'id Ali Jabir al-Khathim al-Shihri, Also Known as... January 23, 2003, I hereby determine that the individual known as Said Ali al- Shihri, and also known as...

Baixa renda como fator de proteção contra asma em crianças e adolescentes usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde Low income as a protective factor against asthma in children and adolescents treated via the Brazilian Unified Health System

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Murilo Carlos Amorim de Britto

2008-05-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O estudo visou analisar o papel da baixa renda como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de asma em crianças e adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo de caso-controle com questionário. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 687 participantes, de 5 a 15 anos de idade, usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde, em um hospital terciário, sendo 54,7% masculinos. Quase metade (49,1% residia na zona metropolitana do Recife e o restante no interior. Moravam em casa de alvenaria 98,1%, com média de 5,7 cômodos e 4,8 moradores. Suas mães estudaram em média 6,8 anos. A mediana da renda mensal per capita foi de R$ 103,75. Baseando-se na renda mensal per capita inferior a 25 e 50% do salário mínimo, classificou-se a amostra em muito baixa renda, baixa renda e renda satisfatória, cujos percentuais foram, respectivamente: 39, 37,3 e 23,7. Não se observou associação entre baixa renda e desenvolvimento de asma. CONCLUSÕES: A baixa renda não exerce, em crianças e adolescentes usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde do nordeste do Brasil, efeito protetor no surgimento de asma, como poderia se supor, baseando-se na teoria da higiene. Todavia, estudos de coorte são necessários para confirmar estes achados.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the role that low income plays in the development of asthma in children and adolescents. METHODS: A case-control study using a questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 687 participants were studied at a tertiary hospital via the Brazilian Unified Health System. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years, and 54.7% of the participants were male. Nearly half of the individuals (49.1% lived in the metropolitan area of the city of Recife, and the remainder lived in the countryside. Most (98.1% lived in concrete houses or apartments, with a mean of 5.7 rooms and 4.8 occupants per residence. Mean maternal level of education was 6.8 years of schooling. The median monthly per capita income was R$ 103.75 (Brazilian reals. The sample was stratified according to cut

Recent benthic foraminifera and sedimentary facies distribution of the Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) coastline

Science.gov (United States)

Fiorini, Flavia; Lokier, Stephen W.

2014-05-01

The distribution of benthic foraminifera and sedimentary facies from Recent coastline environments adjacent to the coastline of Abu Dhabi (UAE) was studied in detail with the aim to: 1) provide reliable analogs for understanding and interpreting the depositional environment of ancient shallow-marine sediments from the UAE; 2) assess any modifications in the distribution of benthic environments and sedimentary facies in an area affected by significant anthropogenic activities - particular construction and land reclamation. A total of 100 sea-floor sediment samples were collected in different shallow-marine sedimentary environments (nearshore shelf, beach-front, channels, ooid shoals, lagoon and mangals) close to the coastline of Abu Dhabi Island. Where possible, we revisited the sampling sites used in several studies conducted in the middle of last century (prior to any significant anthropogenic activities) to assess temporal changes in Recent benthic foraminifera and sedimentary facies distribution during the last 50 years. Five foraminiferal assemblages were recognized in the studied area. Species with a porcellaneous test mainly belonging to the genera Quinqueloculina, Triloculina, Spiroloculina, Sigmoilinita are common in all studied areas. Larger benthic foraminifera Peneroplis and Spirolina are particularly abundant in samples collected on seaweed. Hyaline foraminifera mostly belonging to the genera Elphidium, Ammonia, Bolivina and Rosalina are also common together with Miliolidae in the nearshore shelf and beach front. Agglutinated foraminifera (Clavulina, Textularia, Ammobaculites and Reophax) are present in low percentages. The species belonging to the genera Ammobaculites and Reophax are present only in the finest grain samples particularly in lagoons and mangal environments and have not been reported previously in the studied area. The majority of the ooid shoal sediments, the coarser sediments of the beach-front and samples collected in dredged channels

Pobreza e distribuição de renda em áreas rurais: uma abordagem de inferência

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Henrique Dantas Neder

2004-09-01

Full Text Available O trabalho desenvolve aplicações de metodologias para a estimativa de índices de pobreza e de distribuição de renda em áreas rurais considerando-se os erros amostrais das Pesquisas Amostrais por Amostras Domiciliares - PNADs. São obtidos estimativas com intervalos de confiança para diversos indicadores e para diversas áreas rurais do Brasil e explicitadas as áreas onde se observou alterações significativas na proporção de pobres, intensidade da pobreza e distribuição de renda no período 1995-2001. Os resultados das estimativas apontam para a ocorrência de variação significativa e positiva nos indicadores de pobreza nos Estados de São Paulo, Pernambuco, Alagoas e queda significativa dos mesmos indicadores no Ceará, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina e Goiás. Verificou-se uma queda significativa no mesmo período na concentração de renda nas áreas rurais de Tocantins, Piauí, Paraíba, região metropolitana rural, região Nordeste rural, região Nordeste metropolitana rural e região Sul metropolitana rural e nos estados de São Paulo, Paraná e Ceará, constatou-se uma elevação significativa do valor do índice de Gini. Com base em valores calculados de elasticidades da pobreza foi possível estabelecer uma avaliaçao das regiões rurais do país em termos de efetividade de combate à pobreza em termos de políticas de crescimento e distributivas.The work develops applications of methodologies for the estimation of poverty indexes and income distribution in rural areas, being considered the sample errors of the National Survey for Household Sampling - PNADs. Are obtained estimates with confidence intervals for several indicators and for several rural areas of Brazil and stressed the areas where it was observed significant alterations in the poor proportion, poverty intensity and income distribution in the period 1995-2001. The results of the estimates point for the occurrence of significant and positive variation in the

Crescimento econômico e as políticas de distribuição de renda e investimento em educação nos estados brasileiros: teoria e análise econométrica

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Joilson Dias

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é desenvolver e testar empiricamente um modelo de crescimento econômico que incorpore educação, distribuição de renda e nível tecnológico. Nos testes empíricos, uma das variáveis importantes é a razão das escolaridades dos empregados e empregadores. Além desta é utilizada uma medida de tecnologia e os seguintes índices de desigualdade de renda: i participação na renda dos 40% mais pobres; ii participação na renda dos 10% mais ricos; iii participação na renda da classe média; e iv o coeficiente de Gini e duas outras variáveis de controle: v a percentagem de trabalhadores autônomos; e vi a taxa de desemprego. A econometria de painel de dados empregada consiste de testes de raiz unitária, para verificar a estacionariedade dos dados, heterogeneidade, autocorrelação, dependência seccional, e as estimativas de efeitos fixos, randômicos e dinâmicas. Os resutados demonstram que a taxa de crescimento da produtividade dos Estados brasileiros é afetada positivamente: a pelo aumento na razão do nível educacional dos empregados vis-à-vis empregadores; b por políticas de redistribuição de renda que favoreçam os 40% mais pobres e a classe média; e c pela tecnologia importada. Contudo, os investimentos em educação dos Estados brasileiros possuem efeitos negativos sobre a taxa de crescimento de suas produtividades, estes agem como um imposto realocativo dos insumos do setor produtivo de bens para o de educação no curto prazo.The objective of the paper is to develop and empirically test an economic growth model that incorporates education, income distribution effects and technology. In the empirical tests, one of the driving forces of productivity growth is the ratio of the average knowledge levels of employees and entrepreneurs. Besides this variable and a measure of technology the following variables are considered: i the income index of the 10% richest; ii the income index of the 40% poorest

Genesis of the Abu Marawat gold deposit, central Eastern Desert of Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

Zoheir, Basem A.; Akawy, Ahmed

2010-06-01

Gold mineralisation at the Abu Marawat mine, central Eastern Desert of Egypt, is related to a system of massive and sheared, milky quartz veins cutting a sequence of Neoproterozoic island arc metavolcanic/volcaniclastic rocks and related banded iron formation (BIF). Sulphide-bearing quartz veins and related hydrothermal breccia bodies display a range of textures including sheared, boudinaged and recrystallised quartz, open space filling and microbreccia. These variable textures imply a complex history of crack-seal mechanism characterising the relation between mineral deposition and a major N-S-trending shear zone, during a late brittle-ductile deformation event which affected the area at about 550 Ma. Gold-base metal mineralisation is associated with brecciation and fracturing of the iron ore bands, close to silicified shears and related quartz veins. The auriferous quartz lodes are characterised by the occurrence of visible pyrite-chalcopyrite ± pyrrhotite ± sphalerite ± galena mineralisation. Gold is refractory in pyrite and chalcopyrite, but rare visible gold/electrum and telluride specks were observed in a few samples. Hydrothermal alteration includes pervasive silicification, pyritisation, sericitisation, carbonatisation confined to a delicate set of veins and altered shears, and a more widespread propylitic alteration assemblage (quartz + chlorite + pyrite + calcite ± epidote). Fluid inclusion petrography and microthermometric studies suggest heterogeneous trapping of a low-salinity (1.4-6.7 wt.% eq. NaCl) aqueous solution and a carbonic fluid. Evidence for fluid immiscibility during ore formation includes variable liquid/vapour ratios in inclusions along individual trails and bulk inclusion homogenisation into liquid and occasionally to vapour at comparable temperatures. The trapping conditions of intragranular aqueous-carbonic inclusions approximate 264-378 °C at 700-1300 bar. Similar temperature estimates have been obtained from Al

KAJIAN TERJEMAHAN AL-QUR’AN (Studi Tarjamah al-Qur’an Basa Jawi “Assalam” Karya Abu Taufiq S.)

OpenAIRE

Indrati, Anisah

2016-01-01

This article examines the translation of the Koran in the Java language with title Kitab al-Qur'an Tarjamah Basa Jawi "Assalaam" by H. Abu Taufiq S. The focus of study in this article is to disclose the background and motivation of the writing of Tarjamah Qur 'an Basa Jawi "Assalaam", revealing the methods used and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the Book Tarjamah Qur'an Basa Jawi "Assalaam". In addition this article also reveals the community's response to the study of the Koran ...

International knowledge mobility and urban development in rapidly globalizing areas: building global hubs for talent in Dubai and Abu Dhabi

OpenAIRE

Ewers, Michael

2016-01-01

This paper examines the processes through which the United Arab Emirates’ (UAE) cities of Abu Dhabi and Dubai attract and integrate knowledge workers into their labor markets. It focuses on how the UAE has acquired the human capital to create post-oil economies, deploying its oil windfalls into massive urban development strategies in order to create global hubs for talent. More significantly, it analyzes how the UAE’s strategies and frameworks for attracting global knowle...

Baixa Renda: O Consumo Simbólico e o Comércio Informal de Acessórios Femininos

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Elisângela Domingues Michelatto Natt

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Para compreender mais do universo do consumo simbólico, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre o consumo de acessórios femininos por mulheres de baixa renda. As participantes foram revendedoras ambulantes e suas clientes. Sob a perspectiva do consumo simbólico foi possível observar alguns aspectos comuns ao consumo dessa classe de mulheres que recorrem às suas experiências de consumo para relacionar-se no universo social e marcar sua presença nele. Em termos gerenciais essa pesquisa se faz importante porque apresenta algumas peculiaridades desse processo de consumo, revelando informações que podem contribuir para a avaliação das estratégias de mercado.

Educação ambiental e emprego de equipamentos economizadores na redução do consumo de água em residências de famílias de baixa renda em uma escola de ensino fundamental

OpenAIRE

Gisele Vidal Vimieiro

2005-01-01

O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar o emprego da educação ambiental e da instalação de equipamentos sanitários economizadores na redução do consumo de água em domicílios de famílias de baixa renda e na escola de ensino fundamental do bairro Capitão Eduardo, periferia de Belo Horizonte. Pretendeu-se ainda gerar resultados que pudessem dar subsídios à avaliação da viabilidade de implantação de políticas públicas de financiamento para famílias de baixa renda e escolas públicas para a aquisição d...

PRODUÇÃO DE BEBIDA LÁCTEA TIPO UMBUZADA COMO ALTERNATIVA DE RENDA PARA O PEQUENO AGRICULTOR DO SUDOESTE BAIANO

OpenAIRE

Rezende, Adriano Alves de; Guimaraes, Gislaine Fernandes; Miyaji, Mauren; Fontan, Gabrielle Cardoso Reis; Bonomo, Renata Cristina Ferreira

2007-01-01

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados obtidos por meio da pesquisa desenvolvida no sudoeste baiano para integrar a produção extrativista do umbu com o aproveitamento de subprodutos do leite, na qual se utiliza o soro dequeijo para a produção de uma bebida láctea tipo umbuzada. São abordados, ainda, o aspecto financeiro com o intuito de demonstrar a viabilidade econômica da produção da bebida e o aspecto sócio econômico do projeto, que tem um como foco a geração de renda ext...

Monitoring vegetation change in Abu Dhabi Emirate from 1996 to 2000 and 2004 using Landsat Satellite Imagery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Starbuck, M.J.; Tamayo, J.

2007-01-01

In the fall of 2001, a study was initiated to investigate vegetation changes in the Abu Dhabi Emirates. The vast majority of vegetation present in the region is irrigated and analysis of vegetation change will support groundwater investigations in the region by indicating areas of increased water use. Satellite-based imaging systems provide a good source of data for such an analysis. The recent analysis was completed between February and November 2002 using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper satellite imagery acquired in 1996 and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus imagery acquired in 2000. These assessments were augmented in 2004with the study of Landsat 7 imagery acquired in early 2004. The total area of vegetation for each of seven study areas was calculated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) technique. Multiband image classification was used to differentiate general vegetation types. Change analysis consisted of simple NDVI image differencing and post-classification change matrices. Measurements of total vegetation are for the Abu Dhabi Emirate indicate an increase from 77,200 hectares in 1996 to 162,700 hectares in 2000 (110% increase). Based on comparison with manual interpretation of satellite imagery, the amount of under-reporting of irrigated land is estimated at about 15% of the actual area. From the assessment of 2004 Landset imagery, it was found that the growth of irrigated vegetation in most areas of Emirate had stabilized and had actually slightly decreased in some cases. The decreases are probably due to variability in the measurement technique and not due to actual decreases in area of vegetation. (author)

Salário mínimo, benefício previdenciário e as famílias de baixa renda Minimum wage, social security benefits and low-income families

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Cláudio Salvadori Dedecca

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem foco nas famílias com rendimento per capita de até ¼ do salário mínimo. São analisadas as condições de inserção no mercado de trabalho e a influência dos benefícios previdenciários para o padrão de renda auferido. A preocupação, portanto, volta-se para a importância dos benefícios da previdência, no sentido de atenuar a fragilidade de renda destas famílias e as conseqüências da desvinculação do valor do seu piso do salário mínimo para este padrão de rendimentos. Analisando-se as características dos componentes das famílias de baixa renda, observa-se que, diante das transformações estruturais no processo de produção e do cenário conjuntural da economia brasileira, aqueles com idade ativa não apresentam os pré-requisitos necessários para se inserirem de forma digna no mundo do trabalho. Dessa forma, o estudo da composição da renda das famílias mais pobres mostra que a renda dos inativos - aposentados e pensionistas - é fundamental para retirar tais famílias do limite da linha de pobreza. O perfil dos componentes das famílias será analisado a partir dos microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios - PNAD/IBGE - para 2004, segundo idade, nível de escolaridade, cor ou raça e inserção no mercado de trabalho propriamente dita: tipo de atividade exercida e posição na ocupação. A comparação do perfil dos componentes das famílias mais carentes com o do total das famílias mostrará que as rendas de aposentadoria e pensão tornam-se fundamentais não apenas para diminuição da desigualdade, mas, fundamentalmente, para redução da pobreza.This article discusses families with per capita income of up to ¼ of the minimum monthly wage in Brazil. The conditions of participation in the labor market and the influence of social security benefits on the pattern of income earned are analyzed. The concern, therefore, is with the importance of social security benefits in attenuating

Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition of some common seaweed species from the coast of Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt

OpenAIRE

Khairy, Hanan M.; El-Shafay, Shimaa M.

2013-01-01

Variations in protein, carbohydrate, lipid, ash, moisture, fatty acid and aminoacid contents of the seaweeds Ulva lactuca Linnaeus (Chlorophyta),Jania rubens (Linnaeus) J.V. Lamouroux and Pterocladia capillacea (S.G. Gmelin) Bornet(Rhodophyta) were studied seasonally from spring to autumn 2010. The seaweeds were collected from a rocky site near Boughaz El-Maadya on the coast of Abu Qir Bay east of Alexandria, Egypt. Remarkable seasonal variations were recorded in the levels of the studied pa...

Kajian Termodinamika Adsorpsi Hibrida Merkapto-Silika dari Abu Sekam Padi Terhadap Ion Co(II

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Dwi Rasy Mujiyanti

2017-03-01

Full Text Available AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang kajian termodinamika adsorpsi hibrida merkapto-silika dari abu sekam padi terhadap ion Co(II. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kapasitas dan energi adsorpsi hibrida merkapto-silika (HMS dan silika gel (SG terhadap ion Co(II. Pada penelitian ini, silika gel dibuat menggunakan natrium silikat dari abu sekam padi. Selanjutnya, senyawa organik 3-(trimetoksisilil-1-propantiol diimobilisasi pada SG menghasilkan HMS. Adsorben dikarakterisasi menggunakan difraktometer sinar-X dan spektrofotometer FTIR. Larutan Co(II kemudian dikontakkan dengan SG dan HMS pada variasi pH, waktu, dan konsentrasi awal. Hasil penelitian kapasitas adsorpsi yang diperoleh HMS hampir tiga kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan SG, dengan besarnya kapasitas adsorpsi masing-masing yaitu 250,00 mg/g dan 90,91 mg/g. Sedangkan energi adsorpsi yang diperoleh adalah 51,69 KJ/mol untuk SG, dan 23,65 KJ/mol untuk HMS.Kata kunci : sekam padi, hibrida merkapto-silika, adsorpsi, ion Co(IIAbstractA research on the study of the thermodynamics of adsorption mercapto-silica hybrid from rice husk ash to the ions Co (II has been done. This study aims to determine capacity and energy adsorption of hybrid mercapto-silica (HMS and silica gel (SG to the ions Co (II . In this study, silica gel was made using sodium silicate from rice husk ash. Furthermore, the organic compound 3-(trimethoxysilil -1-prophantiol immobilized on SG to HMS produced. Adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectrophotometer. Solution of Co (II is then contacted with the SG and HMS at the variation of pH, time , and initial concentration. The results obtained by HMS adsorption capacity is almost three times larger than the SG, the magnitude of adsorption capacity of each is 250.00 mg / g and 90.91 mg / g . While the adsorption energy obtained is 51.69 KJ / mol for SG , and 23.65 KJ / mol for HMS.Keywords : rice husk, mercapto-silica hybrid , adsorption

Small Ruminant Production System Efficiency under Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Arid Land Conditions

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Eihab Fathelrahman

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Sheep and goat production systems in the United Arab Emirates (UAE operate under scarce natural resource constraints. A cross-sectional survey that covered 661 mixed farms, including major sheep and goat production, was conducted in the three regions of Abu Dhabi Emirate (Al-Ain, Western Region and Abu Dhabi city during 2012. A Cobb-Douglas, double-logarithmic stochastic frontier production function and maximum likelihood estimation were applied to estimate important economic derivatives and the associated risk of small ruminant production in this arid area. The highest impact of an input on the output level was found to be labor for raising sheep and alfalfa grass for raising goats. Both labor and alfalfa variables were found to be overutilized for sheep and goat production, respectively. Overall, the results indicate that average technical efficiency is 0.62 for raising sheep and only 0.34 for raising goats in the study area. Technical efficiency analysis included measuring the frequency of farms at each level of estimated technical efficiency in the range between zero and one. Zero for the technical efficiency coefficient indicates a lack of technical efficiency in resource use. The results of this study indicated that only 1% of the sheep farms show a technical efficiency coefficient of 0.25 or less; the same can be said for 41% of goat producers. However, these technical efficiencies were found to be more than 0.75 for 12% and 5% of the sheep and goat farms, respectively. Overall, goat farming in the UAE was found to be less efficient than sheep production. The results also indicated that flock size and type of breed were the most influential factors relative to other factors, and both show a positive relationship with technical efficiency. Other than flock size, factors, such as owners’ years of experience and management practices, were found to be more influential on goat farming system efficiency relative to sheep farming.

OS IMPACTOS NA RENDA DAS FAMÍLIAS DA COMUNIDADE DE SOMBRAS GRANDES E MILAGRES E A INTERVENÇÃO DO PROJETO DOM HELDER CÂMARA - PDHC

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Rosane Fernandes de Sousa Gurgel

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Segundo dados da Organização das Nações Unidas - ONU, a pobreza atualmente assola mais de 1/3 da população mundial. No Brasil esta realidade ganha destaque, sobretudo nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do País e é neste contexto que a Comunidade de Sombras Grandes e Milagres, no município de Caraúbas – RN esta inserida. Até cinco anos atrás as famílias viviam numa situação de pobreza extrema, que foi alterada pela intervenção integrada de ações e políticas públicas, através do Projeto Dom Helder Câmara – PDHC/Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Territorial - SDT/Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário - MDA/Fundo Internacional de Desenvolvimento Agrícola - FIDA/ Fundo Global para o Meio Ambiente - GEF – ONU, que dentre tantas atividades passou a substituir o trabalho com a agricultura convencional e a produção de carvão, pela agricultura sustentável com o cultivo de hortas agroecológicas, entre outros. O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma breve descrição das mudanças ocorridas na renda das famílias a partir da produção, cultivo e comercialização de hortaliças, o que permitiu saltar de uma renda de R$ 90 reais mensais, pouco mais de 1/3 do salário mínimo em 2005, e chegar a uma renda atual (março 2012 de quase 900 reais ao mês. Caracterizando também os benefícios e a relação das famílias com o meio ambiente a luz desta atividade. Assim, a pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, pois considera informações socioeconômicas e ambiental, e quantitativa, com base na análise de dados obtidos a partir da aplicação de questionários e entrevistas.

Restoration and Preservation of Engraved Limestone Blocks Discovered in Abu Mousa Excavation, Suez - Egypt

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Nabil A. Abd El-Tawab BADER

2013-03-01

Full Text Available A lot of engraved limestone blocks were discovered at Awlad Abu Musa (east of Suez, Egypt in 1995/2007 by Supreme Council of Antiquities. The stone blocks were seriously affected by archaeological environments during burial environment in agriculture land. They were covered with thick clay layer with soil particles that disfigured them and hid their inscriptions. Prior to the conservation intervention, the materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Chemical analyses of ground water and microbiological study. After the material characterization, the conservation and restoration of the stone blocks were carried out including cleaning, consolidation, reduction of salts, Re-jointing, restoration and completion of lost parts. After that the blocks were exhibited in Suez museum.

Quando o liberal e o socialista se defrontam: Bastiat, Proudhon e a renda do capital

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Carlos Leonardo Kulnig Cinelli

2011-05-01

Full Text Available O artigo ocupa-se do debate travado entre Bastiat e Proudhon sobre a legitimidade da renda do capital. A seção inicial apresenta a conjuntura política da França à época da controvérsia. A seguir, delineiam-se as visões econômicas dos dois pensadores à luz das doutrinas liberal e socialista do período. Na terceira seção, revisam-se as contribuições iniciais ao debate formuladas por Bastiat e Proudhon sobre os conceitos do juro e do capital. Após, são contrapostos os seus respectivos argumentos econômicos e metodológicos no tocante à natureza da sociedade regida pelo lucro. A quinta seção apresenta a discussão final sobre a proposta de crédito gratuito de Proudhon, duramente criticada por Bastiat. Como conclusão, avalia-se a extensão efetiva das divergências entre os dois protagonistas.

Structure, Aboveground Biomass, and Soil Characterization of Avicennia marina in Eastern Mangrove Lagoon National Park, Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Alsumaiti, Tareefa Saad Sultan

Mangrove forests are national treasures of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and other arid countries with limited forested areas. Mangroves form a crucial part of the coastal ecosystem and provide numerous benefits to society, economy, and especially the environment. Mangrove trees, specifically Avicennia marina, are studied in their native habitat in order to characterize their population structure, aboveground biomass, and soil properties. This study focused on Eastern Mangrove Lagoon National Park in Abu Dhabi, which was the first mangrove protected area to be designated in UAE. In situ measurements were collected to estimate Avicennia marina status, mortality rate (%), height (m), crown spread (m), stem number, diameter at breast height (cm), basal area (m), and aboveground biomass (t ha-1 ). Small-footprint aerial light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data acquired by UAE were processed to characterize mangrove canopy height and aboveground biomass density. This included extraction of LIDAR-derived height percentile statistics, segmentation of the forest into structurally homogenous units, and development of regression relationships between in situ reference and remote sensing data using a machine learning approach. An in situ soil survey was conducted to examine the soils' physical and chemical properties, fertility status, and organic matter. The data of soil survey were used to create soil maps to evaluate key characteristics of soils, and their influence on Avicennia marina in Eastern Mangrove Lagoon National Park. The results of this study provide new insights into Avicennia marina canopy population, structure, aboveground biomass, and soil properties in Abu Dhabi, as data in such arid environments is lacking. This valuable information can help in managing and preserving this unique ecosystem.

Facies and sedimentary environments of the Abu Qada Formation at Gabal El-Gunna, Southeastern Sinai, Egypt

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Tarek Y.M.A. El-Hariri

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The biostratigraphy, microfacies association, mineralogical interferences, depositional environments and geochemical properties of the Abu Qada Formation, which exposed at Gabal El-Gunna Southeastern Sinai, Egypt were delineated. It belongs to the planktonic foraminiferal Whiteinella archaeocretacea Zone of the Late Cenomanian-Early Turonian and consists of calcareous shale and limestone. The calcareous shale facies is characterized by chlorite, smectite and illite with high concentration of P2O5, Zn, Ni, V, and Cr. The carbonate rocks are characterized by foraminiferal wakestone and bioclastic grainstone. These microfacies associations are characterized by barite with high content of Sr. The facies types with faunal contents, geochemical and mineralogical studies suggest a restricted to shelf lagoon open circulation environment.

O Bolsa Família: problematizando questões centrais na política de transferência de renda no Brasil The Family Allowance Program: reflecting on core issues in Brazil's income transfer policy

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Maria Ozanira da Silva e Silva

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O Programa Bolsa Família foi criado em 2003 com o objetivo de unificar os Programas de Transferência de Renda iniciados em nível municipal, estadual e federal desde 1995. É concebido como uma expressão do processo de desenvolvimento desses programas no Brasil. Transferência de renda é entendida enquanto uma transferência monetária direta efetuada a indivíduos ou a famílias. O pressuposto central é de que articular uma transferência de renda com políticas e programas estruturantes, principalmente no campo da educação, saúde e trabalho, direcionados a famílias pobres, pode interromper o ciclo vicioso da pobreza do presente e sua reprodução no futuro. Portanto, uma articulação entre uma transferência monetária com políticas e programas estruturantes, direcionados a famílias pobres, pode possibilitar a construção de uma política de enfrentamento à pobreza e à desigualdade social. Nesse artigo, é apresentado o desenvolvimento histórico dos Programas de Transferência de Renda, no Brasil, orientado por um esforço problematizador do significado e do alcance desses programas no âmbito das políticas sociais brasileiras, considerando suas potencialidades e limites enquanto política de inclusão social.Introduced in 2003, Brazil's Family Allowance Program was intended to unite several Income Transfer Programs run at the Municipal, State and Federal levels since 1995. Designed as an expression of the development of direct monetary transfers to families or individuals, its key assumption is that linking income transfers to poor families with structural policies and programs (mainly in the fields of education, healthcare and jobs could break through the vicious cycle of poverty in the present and halt its future replication. Linking cash transfers to structuring policies and programs for poor families might well underpin a policy combating poverty and social inequality. This paper presents a retrospective of these Income

O que realmente importa em programas de transferência condicionada de renda? Abordagens em diferentes países

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Daiane Medeiros Roque

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Diferentes estratégias de proteção social têm sido utilizadas no mundo visando combater a fome e promover a mobilidade social. Dentre elas, os programas de transferência condicionada de renda têm se destacado pelo desenho contratual e pela estrutura de governança que tem a promoção do comportamento positivo do indivíduo, e não a assistência, como elemento central. Portanto, famílias que participam desses programas recebem, em geral, determinada quantia financeira destinada a satisfazer as necessidades básicas e contribuir para o atendimento das condições positivas impostas à sua manutenção no programa. Conhecer as condicionalidades e perceber sob qual contexto de investigação essas práticas têm sido abordadas no meio acadêmico torna-se fator de relevância científica e social. Nessa direção, este trabalho teve como propósito discutir os diferentes desenhos dessa política em diversos países. Para tanto, 50 trabalhos científicos, distribuídos por 28 países, foram analisados, visando contextualizar metodologias e resultados alcançados. Para realizar tal análise, foi procedido um estudo exploratório, a partir da técnica de metaestudo, utilizando como referência a base de dados do Banco Mundial, sítios eletrônicos e artigos sobre o assunto, publicados entre 2003 e 2011, com a finalidade perceber sob qual ótica têm sido estudados os principais programas de transferência de renda do mundo. Dentre os principais resultados alcançados, merece destaque o fato de, indiferentemente do país ou programa de transferência considerado, a manutenção das crianças na escola e o cuidado com a saúde infantil são condições centrais de inclusão e manutenção da família no sistema de transferência.

Characterization of historic mortars and earthen building materials in Abu Dhabi Emirate, UAE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marcus, Benjamin L

2012-01-01

The Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage (ADACH) is responsible for the conservation and management of historic buildings and archaeological sites in the Emirate. Laboratory analysis has been critical for understanding the composition of historic materials and establishing appropriate conservation treatments across a wide variety of building types, ranging from Iron Age earthen archaeological sites to late-Islamic stone buildings. Analysis was carried out on historic sites in Al Ain, Delma Island and Liwa Oasis using techniques such as micro-x-ray fluorescence (MXRF), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Testing was conducted through consultant laboratories and in collaboration with local universities. The initial aim of the analysis was to understand historic earthen materials and to confirm the suitability of locally sourced clays for the production of mud bricks and plasters. Another important goal was to characterize materials used in historic stone buildings in order to develop repair mortars, renders and grouts.

141 ©sakarya üniversitesi ilahiyat fakültesi dergisi 14 / 2006, s. 141-157 arap dili ve belagatı EBÛ HİLÂL EL -‘ASKERÎ’YE GÖRE LAFIZ VE ANLAM Halim ÖZNURHAN * LAFZ AND MANA ACCORDING TO ABU HILAL AL-ASKARI

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ÖZNURHAN, Halim

2006-01-01

Problem of lafz (word or sentence) and mana (meaning) discussed by the Arab critics. Abu Hilal al-Askari, one of them, takes division between lafz and mana and discusses each one separately. Although Abu Hilal al-Askari does not devote a specific chapter to discussion of lafz and mana, he does examine them in various chapters of the Kitab as-Sinaatayn. He also discussed several aspects, problems and defects of lafz and mana.:

Selective Recovery of Yttrium and Ytterbium Oxides from Abu Rusheid REEs Concentrate via Alkaline Leaching and Solvent Extraction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Sheikh, E.M.

2017-01-01

The REEs concentrate prepared from Abu Rusheid lamprophyre ore material is found to assay 44.65% Y_2O_3 and 13.87% Yb_2O_3 together with less amounts of 10 other REEs. This concentrate has been subjected to alkaline leaching process using seven different alkali reagents (single or mixed). From the obtained results, the mixed Na_2CO_3/(NH_4)HCO_3 reagent has been able to leach up to 87.32 % of Yb and 98.73% of Y together with a minor amount of Eu( 1.44)%. Finally, TBP extractant has been used to separate highly pure Yb and Y concentrate oxides from the nitrate solution

Comparing photo modeling methodologies and techniques: the instance of the Great Temple of Abu Simbel

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Sergio Di Tondo

2013-10-01

Full Text Available After fifty years from the Salvage of the Abu Simbel Temples it has been possible to experiment the contemporary photo-modeling tools beginning from the original data of the photogrammetrical survey carried out in the 1950s. This produced a reflection on “Image Based” methods and modeling techniques, comparing strict 3d digital photogrammetry with the latest Structure From Motion (SFM systems. The topographic survey data, the original photogrammetric stereo couples, the points coordinates and their representation in contour lines, allowed to obtain a model of the monument in his configuration before the moving of the temples. The impossibility to carry out a direct survey led to touristic shots to create SFM models to use for geometric comparisons.

Observations of the atmospheric boundary layer height over Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: Investigating boundary layer climatology in arid regions

Science.gov (United States)

Marzooqi, Mohamed Al; Basha, Ghouse; Ouarda, Taha B. M. J.; Armstrong, Peter; Molini, Annalisa

2014-05-01

Strong sensible heat fluxes and deep turbulent mixing - together with marked dustiness and a low substrate water content - represent a characteristic signature in the boundary layer over hot deserts, resulting in "thicker" mixing layers and peculiar optical properties. Beside these main features however, desert ABLs present extremely complex local structures that have been scarcely addressed in the literature, and whose understanding is essential in modeling processes such as the transport of dust and pollutants, and turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat and water vapor in hyper-arid regions. In this study, we analyze a continuous record of observations of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height from a single lens LiDAR ceilometer operated at Masdar Institute Field Station (24.4oN, 54.6o E, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates), starting March 2013. We compare different methods for the estimation of the ABL height from Ceilometer data such as, classic variance-, gradient-, log gradient- and second derivation-methods as well as recently developed techniques such as the Bayesian Method and Wavelet covariance transform. Our goal is to select the most suited technique for describing the climatology of the ABL in desert environments. Comparison of our results with radiosonde observations collected at the nearby airport of Abu Dhabi indicate that the WCT and the Bayesian method are the most suitable tools to accurately identify the ABL height in all weather conditions. These two methods are used for the definition of diurnal and seasonal climatologies of the boundary layer conditional to different atmospheric stability classes.

Insegurança alimentar entre beneficiários de programas de transferência de renda Food insecurity among recipients of government assistance

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Francielle Richetti Anschau

2012-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a proporção de insegurança alimentar domiciliar entre a população beneficiária de programas de transferência de renda e os fatores relacionados a essa condição. MÉTODOS: Estudo de delineamento transversal, cuja amostra foi constituída por 421 famílias beneficiárias, residentes no município de Toledo, Paraná. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro de 2006 e fevereiro de 2007, em entrevistas domiciliares, por meio da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e do Questionário de Classificação Econômica, ambos incluídos em questionário sociodemográfico. Para análise das variáveis, foram aplicados os testes de Qui-quadrado, razão de chances, regressão logística multivariada. RESULTADOS: A insegurança alimentar esteve presente em 74,6% dos domicílios, 5,9% na forma grave e 23,8% moderada. Segundo o teste de Qui-quadrado, as variáveis independentes que mostraram associação com a insegurança foram renda per capita, classe econômica D ou E, presença de menores de 18 anos, 7 ou mais membros no domicílio, baixa escolaridade e desemprego ou trabalho informal do chefe. Na regressão logística multivariada, considerando a variável dependente a condição de segurança alimentar/insegurança leve, mantiveram-se associadas à insegurança moderada/grave a classe econômica D/E (OR=2,88, presença 5/6 moradores (OR=2,90 e 7 ou mais (OR=3,05, trabalho informal ou desemprego do responsável pelo domicílio (OR=1,87. CONCLUSÃO: O fato de a transferência de renda ainda deixar em situação de insegurança alimentar um contingente grande de beneficiários (74,6% é explicado pela extrema condição de vulnerabilidade social a que essa população está submetida. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem a necessidade de políticas públicas multissetoriais, com enfoque prioritário para geração de emprego e de renda.OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the rate of food insecurity among recipients of government

Isolation of keratinophilic fungi from the soil of islands of Greater Tunb, Abu-Musa and Sirri, Persian Gulf, Iran

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Mohsen Nosratabadi

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Background and Purpose: Keratinophilic fungi are among the important groups of fungi living in the soil. This study aimed to isolate and identify keratinophilic fungi from the soil of three Iranian islands, namely Greater Tunb, Abu Musa, and Sirri, located in the Persian Gulf using morphological and molecular (polymerase chain reaction methods. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 60 soil samples were collected from the three islands of Greater Tunb, Abu Musa, and Sirri. The samples were analyzed for the presence of the keratinophilic fungi using a hair baiting technique. Furthermore, the identification of keratinophilic fungi was accomplished through the employment of molecular and sequencing techniques. Results: A total of 130 fungal isolates, including 11 genera with 24 species, were collected. Accordingly, Chrysosporium tropicum (24;18.5%, C. keratinophilum (17; 13.1%,  Chrysosporium  species (15; 11.5%, Aspergillus  species ( 8;6.1%, Aspergillus flavus (8; 6.1%, Penicillium  species (8;6.1%, Alternaria spp ( 6; 4.6%, Phoma  species (5;  3.8%, Aphanoascus verrucosus (4;3.1%, Fusarium chlamydosporum (4; 3.1%, Aspergillus trreus (4;3.1%, Acremonium  species (4; 3.1%, and other fungi( 23; 17.8 % isolates were identified . All isolates of keratinophilic fungi were isolated from the soils with the pH range of 7-9. Conclusion: The results of this study contributed towards a better conceptualization of the incidence pattern of keratinophilic fungi in the regions of Iran. Given that no study has investigated this issue, the findings of the present study can be beneficial for the management of public health surveillance, physicians, and epidemiologists.  

Gametogenesis and spawning of Spirobranchus tetraceros (Polychaeta, Serpulidae in Abu Kir Bay, Egypt

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S. A. SELIM

2005-06-01

Full Text Available The serpulid polychaete Spirobranchus tetraceros of Red Sea / Indo-pacific origin, recently has succeeded to establish a foothold in Alexandria Mediterranean waters. Worms were monthly scraped from submerged iron substrates at Abu Kir Bay during the period December 2000 – November 2001. Both light and TEM were used to study gametogenesis and time of spawning of S. tetraceros.Gametogenesis was asynchronous and oogenesis could be divided into two previtellogenic, two vitellogenic and a spawning stage. Oocyte development took about 8 months, from October to June. Spawning occurred from late May - early June until October. Thus S. tetraceros is a long period spawner. The maximum diameter of ripe oocyte is 78 mm. The spermatogenic phase could be divided into three stages: spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids (including spermatozoa. The duration of sperm development took about 8 months. Spermatocytes persist from October to March. By March the sperms grew rapidly until they became spermatozoa in May. The sperm could be considered ect-aquasperm with regard to its fertilization biology.

Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd and the foundation of his hermeneutics: A critical review of the attitude that the Quran is the product of culture

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Halilović Seid

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In the cognitive stage of religious traditions, science, in the light of the authority of religious revelation and reason, was dominant in relation to culture, which means that it was possible to determine the true value of different cultures using scientific knowledge. Nowadays, the completely opposite approach is gaining in popularity. Namely, when they discovered the fundamental weaknesses of empiristic definition of science, postmodern philosophers started more vocally saying that culture actually has a crucial influence on the method and internal science structure. Thus, science loses its cognitive independence and becomes the product of culture. In other words, each culture creates a separate scientific knowledge in accordance with its other cognitive layers and needs of the members of that culture. Among the Muslim reformist thinkers, influential Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd wrote in a most comprehensive and thorough manner about the text of the Quran undergoing the influence of culture from the time of life of t he Prophet Muhammad. He explained that the interpreter necessarily has a crucial role in forming the meaning of a text and that the meaning of the text will not be determined on its own until the hermeneutical position of the person reading and interpreting it is taken into consideration. Abu Zayd believed that the primal meaning of the Quran was conditioned by cultural and historic contexts of the time when the Quran appeared and that meaning was no longer credible. However, according to his opinion, the essence of the Quran message will be discovered using hermeneutics, when we harmonize the text with our contemporary cultural realities. With his pioneering attitude, Abu Zayd broke all ontological and metaphysical principles of mystical hermeneutics in the traditional cognitive environment of Islam. The renowned representatives of Islamic mystical heritage insisted that essential and inner meanings of the Quran text are in no way

Mortalidade no primeiro ano de vida e a distribuição de renda e de recursos públicos de saúde, São Paulo (Brasil Mortality within the first year of life in relationship to the distribution of income and of public facilities, S. Paulo (Brasil

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Carlos Augusto Monteiro

1980-12-01

Full Text Available Foi feito estudo para identificar em torno de 1976 a distribuição da freqüência do óbito infantil, a distribuição da renda e a distribuição da disponibilidade de determinados recursos públicos de saúde nos 55 distritos e sub-distritos do município de São Paulo (Brasil, para analisar as possíveis identificações entre estas distribuições. A freqüência do óbito infantil foi crescente no sentido centro-periferia da cidade, o mesmo ocorrendo com a concentração de famílias de baixa renda. Os recursos públicos de saúde estudados, água do abastecimento público, leitos hospitalares e centros de saúde do Estado, foram decrescentes no mesmo sentido centro-periferia. Tanto a distribuição crescente da baixa renda quanto a distribuição decrescente dos recursos públicos acham-se positiva e significativamente correlacionadas à distribuição crescente da mortalidade infantil. Na área periférica da cidade, correspondente à área de maior mortalidade, encontra-se a mais alta concentração de famílias de baixa renda e, também, as menores disponibilidades de recursos públicos de saúde providos direta ou indiretamente pelo Estado. Conclui-se que renda e recursos públicos operam no mesmo sentido, ou seja, de reforço mútuo às desigualdades registradas ao nível da mortalidade infantil, e não no sentido inverso, como talvez se pudesse crer. Discute-se o duplo processo desigual da distribuição das riquezas na cidade de São Paulo, o que se dá na distribuição direta da renda e o que se dá, posteriormente, quando o Estado participa daquela distribuição provendo serviços públicos.It was made a study to identify the distribution of the infant death rates and the distribution of income, and the distribution of certain public health facilities in the 55 districts of the city of S. Paulo (Brazil and, then, to analyze the similarity among them. The infant death rates and concentration of low income families increased

ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DE CUSTOS DE PRODUÇÃO E RENDA NA ATIVIDADE LEITEIRA NA REGIÃO SUL GOIANO: 1997/1998 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DAIRY PRODUCTION COSTS AND INCOME IN SOUTHERN GOIÁS STATE 1997/1998

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Renato Pinto da Silva Júnior

2007-09-01

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O estudo visa a analisar comparativamente o custo de produção e a renda da atividade leiteira na Mesorregião Sul Goiano, de outubro de 1997 a setembro de 1998, a partir de uma amostra intencional composta por 34 produtores, divididos em três grupos. Os elementos de análise foram: unidade animal (UA, vaca em lactação (VL, hectare de pastagem (ha e relação renda total e custo total. Os dois primeiros indicam o desempenho relativo do plantel leiteiro, enquanto o terceiro avalia o das pastagens. A relação renda total-custo total apresenta índices inferiores à unidade (0,60 a 0,93 que indicam que, em termos médios, os empresários não conseguiram obter retornos positivos líquidos para suas inversões. Os resultados e índices, calculados a partir dos valores “caixa”, revelam que todas as relações renda-custo são maiores que a unidade (1,06 a 1,31, que indica o relativo sucesso financeiro dos empresários do setor leiteiro da região Sul Goiano. Dificuldades devem ser superadas pelo setor leiteiro, tais como reduzir os custos fixos da atividade; melhorar a produtividade, o manejo do rebanho e a utilização das pastagens; reduzir as diferenças na profissionalização dos produtores; evitar a instabilidade na produção mensal de leite e nos preços recebidos pelos produtores.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Renda; custo; rentabilidade leiteira.

This paper shows a comparative analysis of the dairy cattle production cost and income in the Southern Goiás State mesoregion using data from an intentional sample of 34 producers, from October 1997 to September l998. The main variables were the animal unit (UA, the number of milking cows (VL, hectare of pasture (ha, and total income/total cost ratio. The first two indicate the herd relative performance while the third evaluates

Orçamento público, região e financiamento em saúde: rendas do petróleo e desigualdades entre municípios

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Delba Machado Barros

2015-10-01

Full Text Available ResumoOs efeitos da aplicação das rendas petrolíferas para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e o financiamento de políticas públicas têm sido questionados na literatura. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi analisar a importância das compensações financeiras – royalties e participação especial – para o financiamento municipal da saúde na região Norte Fluminense do estado do Rio de Janeiro, que é responsável por mais de 70% do petróleo produzido no Brasil. A metodologia envolveu a análise de dados secundários das receitas e despesas municipais com saúde nos anos 2000. Os resultados sugerem que a variação de recursos orçamentários relacionados ao petróleo se associou à diferença significativa na despesa total com saúde nos municípios da região. No entanto, a execução e a distribuição das despesas por tipo não ocorreram de forma proporcional à variação na disponibilidade das receitas. A forte dependência das rendas petrolíferas sugere maior autonomia municipal no gasto em saúde se comparado a outros municípios do país. Conclui-se que é preciso estabelecer outros critérios de distribuição e uso de recursos para favorecer a equalização dos gastos e a articulação entre as ações dos governos no ambiente regional.

Elasticidade-preço da demanda por etanol no Brasil: como renda e preços relativos explicam diferenças entre estados

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Veronica Fernandez Orellano

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo estuda a demanda por etanol no Brasil no período 2001-2009, considerando as características regionais de renda e de preços relativos. Essas características explicam variação relevante na elasticidade-preço da demanda, aspecto até então desconsiderado em estudos anteriores. Foi estimado um modelo econométrico a partir de um painel de dados estaduais mensais, no qual variáveis instrumentais foram usadas para controlar a endogeneidade na análise da demanda. Conclui-se que a demanda é mais elástica em estados mais pobres e em que o preço relativo está próximo a 70%, a taxa técnica de substituição entre etanol e gasolina, parâmetro relevante para as decisões de consumo de proprietários de veículos flex-fuel. Essas regiões apresentam maiores elasticidades-preço da demanda, em última análise, por conta de diferenças logísticas e tributárias, as quais definem o preço relativo. Esses resultados diferem daqueles obtidos por Salvo e Huse (2013, pois identificam diferenças regionais que independem da heterogeneidade das preferências dos consumidores, mas decorrem da configuração logística e de renda. Os resultados sugerem implicações para as políticas tributária e de infraestrutura logística, as quais, ao afetarem o nível de preços relativos de etanol e gasolina, afetam a sensibilidade da demanda com relação às variações de preço.

Hedge, redução de volatilidade dos lucros e o efeito sobre o imposto de renda das companhias abertas brasileiras

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Valdir de Jesus Lameira

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, procurou-se identificar se as companhias abertas brasileiras teriam conseguido benefícios fiscais ao fazer hedge, fato esse derivado de uma expectativa de queda da sua carga tributária (Imposto de Renda a pagar. Com esse objetivo, inicialmente pesquisou-se em que situações have-ria possibilidade de geração desse benefício. Após essa revisão, foram estudadas situações em que a companhia tivesse grande volatilidade de seus resultados e os efeitos que o hedge traria no valor do I.R. a ser pago. Assim, pôde-se mensurar o efeito do resultado do hedge na carga tributária dessas companhias nesse período, simulando uma situação teórica para melhor evidenciarem-se os efeitos resultantes dessa prática. Posteriormente, utilizouse uma regressão linear múltipla para relacionar o valor do imposto de renda pago por companhias abertas brasileiras no ano de 2003 com os valores de hedge em 2002 e 2003 e os prejuízos acumulados em 2002. Os resultados são fundamentados em vasta bibliografia referente ao assunto.In this article we try to identify if Brazilian public companies hedge in response to tax incentives. With this goal, we first identify in which conditions the hedge causes reductions in tax obligations. Next, we study theoretical situations in which the companies' financial results change from great losses to great profits and we observe the impact in the companies' tax liabilities. Finally, we observe the results of a regression that tries to explain the tax obligations in 2003 in function of the hedge values in 2002, 2003 and the net operational losses in 2002. We conclude that it is possible to hedge in response to tax benefits in some special situations. Our results and conclusions are supported by other studies.

Comparative Review of Abu al-Tayyib al-Mutanabbi’s & Masu’d Sa’d Salman Odes

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f Ishraqi

2014-11-01

This survey reviews similar contents of the two Divan using comparative aspect in Abu al-Tayyib and Masu’d Sa’d-i Salman’s poems. Several exemplifications show that Masu’d Sa’d-i Salman sometimes translated al-mutanbbi’s poets and used them artily. Sometimes however, we can find identical contents originating from connotation between the two poets, so they should not be considered as adoption or translation.

New ceramic data from East Kalimantan : the cord-marked and red-slipped sherds of Liang Abu's layer 2 and Kalimantan's potter chronology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Plutniak, S.; Agus Oktaviana, A.; Sugiyanto, B.; Chazine, J.M.; Ricaut, F.X.

2014-01-01

Archaeological research in the Liang Abu rock shelter (East Kalimantan) led to the discovery and analysis of a pottery assemblage including red-slipped, cord-marked and incised pottery sherds, radiocarbon dated to 1672 ± 21 BP and 1524 ± 22 BP. In order to discuss our findings we undertake a reappraisal of the pottery material and associated radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites on Borneo Island, which provide us with an appropriate framework for a comparative analysis. This allows us to to include the inland region of Kalimantan in the technological network of Neolithic Island South East Asia. (author)

KATALIS HETEROGEN DARI ABU VULKANIK UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK MIKROALGA 1,2 CHLORELLA Sp

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Catur Rini Widyastuti

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Proses produksi biodiesel secara konvensional menggunakan bahan baku yang terbatas jumlahnya, proses yang rumit, dan banyaknya limbah yang dihasilkan menyebabkan produksi biodiesel dalam skala besar tidak dapat direalisasikan dengan mudah. Mikroalga merupakan sumber bahan alam terbarukan yang sangat potensial untuk produksi biodiesel karena kandungan minyaknya yang tinggi, kecepatannya tumbuh pada lahan yang terbatas, serta merupakan produk non-pangan. Salah satu jenis mikroalga dengan kandungan minyak yang relatif besar (28-32% berat kering adalah mikroalga Chlorella sp. Selain bahan baku, pemilihan proses yang lebih sederhana dan ekonomis perlu dikembangkan. Selama ini, proses produksi biodiesel konvensioanal banyak menghasilkan air limbah pada tahap pemisahan produk dari katalis yang larut dan produk samping yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan selama proses pemisahan tersebut, jenis katalis heterogen dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan katalis homogen alkali yang biasa digunakan. Katalis padat tersebut dapat disintesis dari abu vulkanik yang mengandung unsur-unsur seperti SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, serta beberapa elemen minor seperti Zr, Sr, dan V. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis katalis dan aktivitasnya dalam reaksi transesterifikasi minyak mikroalga Chlorella sp menjadi biodiesel. Tahap awal penelitian yang dilakukan adalah preparasi minyak mikroalga yang akan digunakan untuk uji aktivitas katalis. Minyak mikroalga diperoleh dengan ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana. Rendemen minyak yang diperoleh sebesar 12,26%. Dari hasil uji GC-MS diketahui dua kandungan asam lemak terbesar dalam minyak mikroalga, yaitu Dodecanoic acid sebesar 59.52% dan n-Decanoic acid sebesar 12.64%. Selanjutnya minyak mikroalga direaksikan dengan metanol dengan rasio molar 1:6 menggunakan jenis katalis yang disintesis dari abu vulkanik. Preparasi katalis

Seismic data interpretation for hydrocarbon potential, for Safwa/Sabbar field, East Ghazalat onshore area, Abu Gharadig basin, Western Desert, Egypt

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Naser A. Hameed El Redini

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Safwa/Sabbar oil field located in the East Ghazalat Concession in the proven and prolific Abu Gharadig basin, Western Desert, Egypt, and about 250 km to the southwest of Cairo, it’s located in the vicinity of several producing oil fields ranging from small to large size hydrocarbon accumulation, adjacent to the NW-SE trending major Abu Gharadig fault which is throwing to the Southwest.All the geological, “structure and stratigraphic” elements, have been identified after interpreting the recent high quality 3D seismic survey for prospect generation, evaluation and their relation to the hydrocarbon exploration.Synthetic seismograms have been carried out for all available wells to tie horizons to seismic data and to define the lateral variation characters of the beds.The analysis has been done using the suitable seismic attributes to understand the characteristics of different types of the reservoir formations, type of trap system, identify channels and faults, and delineating the stratigraphic plays of good reservoirs such as Eocene Apollonia Limestone, AR “F”, AR “G” members, Upper Bahariya, Jurassic Khatatba Sandstone, upper Safa and Lower Safa Sandstone.The top Cenomanian Bahariya level is the main oil reservoir in the Study area, which consist of Sandstone, Siltstone and Shale, the thickness is varying from 1 to 50 ft along the study area.In addition to Upper-Bahariya there are a good accessibility of hydrocarbon potential within the Jurassic Khatatba Sandstone and the Eocene Apollonia Limestone. More exploring of these reservoirs are important to increase productivity of Oil and/or Gas in the study area.

The Theatre of Cruelty: Dehumanization, Objectification & Abu Ghraib

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Christiana Spens

2014-09-01

Full Text Available A clumsy pyramid of kneeling men, naked apart from the hoods over their heads, with a smiling, fair-headed woman and a grinning man with a moustache, wearing green cleaning gloves; a slight woman with a blank expression and a man on the floor, on a limp leash; a hooded, robed figure, standing on a box with his arms outstretched and a pose similar to the crucifixion, with sinister wires behind him, and otherwise blank surroundings.  A row of more hooded, naked men, forced to do sexual acts as a female prison guard (Lynndie England, tanned and wearing various shades of khaki, grins and does a thumbs up sign, pointing at him, her cigarette tilted and her expression not altogether different from Bonnie in 'Bonnie and Clyde. 'A man in uniform and a black beanie hat, sitting on an Iraqi prisoner. Another pyramid of naked detainees, with a man and women behind them, smiling arm in arm, as if they are standing by a caught wild boar or large fish, or a well-organised barbeque. The moustached man (Charles Graner, again smiling and giving a thumbs up sign, this time over a corpse, whose bloody eyes have been bandaged. A naked prisoner covering his ears, as several dogs bark at him, and soldiers watch on. Another prisoner chained to a bed-frame, with some underpants covering his face.  These infamous scenes, shown in the Abu Ghraib photographs, shocked many people, and the perpetrators of the torture depicted were condemned by the relevant authorities. They transformed from clandestine mementos of hidden violence to records of an international scandal and evidence of serious crime. Their meaning changed depending on who saw them, how they were interpreted, what reactions they provoked, and the rulings of the courts regarding the people involved. They went from being private victory shots, to an international public relations disaster, to evidence of breaking of the Geneva Convention.

Spinal Cord Injury 101

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Application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography Technique for Characterizing Leakage Problem in Abu Baara Earth Dam, Syria

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Walid Al-Fares

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT survey was carried out at Abu Baara earth dam in northwestern Syria, in order to delineate potential pathways of leakage occurring through the subsurface structure close to the dam body. The survey was performed along two straight measuring profiles of 715 and 430 m length in up- and downstream sides of the dam’s embankment. The analysis of the inverted ERT sections revealed the presence of fractured and karstified limestone rocks which constitute the shallow bedrock of the dam reservoir. Several subsurface structural anomalies were identified within the fractured bedrock, most of which are associated with probable karstic cavities, voids, and discontinuity features developed within the carbonates rocks. Moreover, results also showed the occurrence of a distinguished subsiding structure coinciding with main valley course. Accordingly, it is believed that the bedrock and the other detected features are the main potential causes of water leakage from the dam’s reservoir.

Redução da desigualdade da distribuição de renda entre 2001 e 2006 nas macrorregiões brasileiras: tendência ou fenômeno transitório? 2001-2006 income distribution decreasing in the Brazilian regions: tendency or transitory phenomena?

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Maria Cristina Cacciamali

2009-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é contribuir para o debate sobre a queda da desigualdade na distribuição domiciliar de renda no Brasil no início do século XXI. Assim, nessa diminuição, analisamos a participação relativa de três fontes de renda (trabalho, aposentadorias e pensões e transferências públicas nas cinco macrorregiões brasileiras - Norte (urbana, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul, entre os anos de 2001 e 2006. Para atingir os propósitos, estruturamos o texto em três seções. A primeira seção apresenta aspectos selecionados da literatura especializada brasileira sobre as causas da variação da desigualdade de renda. A segunda apresenta a técnica matemática de decomposição utilizada. Finalmente, na terceira seção, analisam-se os resultados empíricos para Brasil e cinco macrorregiões selecionadas. À guisa de conclusão, destacamos, dentre os resultados, a importância das transferências públicas de renda e, principalmente, as mudanças nos mercados de trabalho regionais para a diminuição do grau de desigualdade.The aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate on the decrease of the concentration degree of the family's income distribution in Brazil in the first five years of the XXI Century. On this purpose, we approach the phenomenon analyzing the importance of five types of income ( labor, property rents, donation, retirement and public cash transference in the five macro regions in Brazil - North, Northeast, Middle-West, Southeast, South, during the period 2001-2006.To reach the purposes, the text was structured in three parts. The first one highlights stylized facts on this decreasing from the Brazilian specialized literature. The second section presents the mathematical technique used to build the decomposition. Finally, in the third section we analyze the results obtained for the five macro regions. We detached, specially, the magnitude of the employment's creation and, secondarily, the public cash

Preventing Pressure Sores

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Basics of SCI Rehabilitation

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Spinal Cord Injury 101

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Sex and Fertility After SCI

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Elemen Kebangsawanan dalam Pemilihan Pemimpin: Analisis Kontekstual Pemilihan Saidina Abu Bakr, Muawiyyah serta Kesultanan Melayu

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Mohd Haidhar Kamarzaman

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Pemilihan pemimpin negara dalam Islam merupakan tugas yang berat ini selaras dengan kepentingannya dilihat sebagai pengganti Rasulullah (s.a.w iaitu menyebarkan Islam dan mentadbir kelangsungan Islam. Namun yang menjadi fokus kepada penulisan ini adalah faktor kebangsawanan dalam pelantikan pemimpin dalam Islam. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada sejarah bagaimana elemen kebangsawanan kaum Quraisy bagi Saidina Abu Bakar r.a menjadi faktor yang berpengaruh dalam pelantikan beliau sebagai khalifah Islam yang pertama, Muawiyyah sebagai pemimpin Bani Umayyah yang pertama dan kebangsawanan dalam pemilihan pemimpin di Tanah Melayu seterusnya merentasi perbahasannya ke Malaysia dari sudut pelantikan kesultanan dan pembesar melayu serta pelantikan Perdana Menteri yang mewakili era moden. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah kajian kepustakaan dengan merujuk segala karya-karya berkaitan perkara yang dibincangkan dalam kajian ini. Hasil kajian dalam penulisan ini adalah kebangsawanan merupakan satu faktor yang melengkapkan pemilihan pemimpin walaupun bukan satu syarat yang muktamad dalam Islam. Bahkan istilah kebangsawanan itu juga digunakan mengikut kesesuaian budaya setempat sebagaimana yang ditunjuki dalam dua konteks pemilhan khalifah Islam yang pertama, Muawiyyah dan Tanah Melayu seterusnya Malaysia.

Application of a precipitation method for uranium recovery from abu-zaabal phosphoric acid plant, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-hazek, N.M.T.; Hussein, E.M.

1995-01-01

Current industrial recovery of uranium from 30% phosphoric acid-produced by the dihydrate process-is based on solvent extraction method. Uranium recovery from concentrated phosphoric acid (45-52% p o5 ) produced by evaporation of the 30% acid or directly produced by the hemihydrate process, by solvent extraction is difficult to apply in practice. In addition to possible contamination of the acid by the organic solvents and/or their deterioration. This paper investigates the possibility of applying a precipitation method (Weterings and Janssen, 1985) for uranium recovery from both low (28% P 2 O 5 ) and high (48% P 2 O 5 ) concentration phosphoric acids produced by abu-zaabal phosphoric acid plant (Abuzaabal fertilizers and chemicals Co., Egypt). The 28% acid produced by H 2 SO 4 dihydrate method and the 48% acid produced by evaporation of the 28% acid The applied precipitation method depends on using NH 4 F as a uranium precipitant from both low and high concentration phosphoric acids in presence of acetone as a dispersing agent. All the relevant factors have been studied

Contribuição dos produtos florestais não madeireiros na geração de renda na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós - Pará

OpenAIRE

Guerra, Fabiola Gisela Pinto de Queiroz

2013-01-01

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar e contribuição dos Produtos Florestais Não Madeireiros na geração de renda para as comunidades na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós Nela são apresentados os principais produtos florestais não madeireiros comercializados na Flona Tapajós, suas cadeias produtivas, as quantidades extraídas, custos de produção, preços, receitas e margens de lucro. A metodologia utilizada para coleta dos dados junto aos extrativistas e suas associações comunitárias se deu atrav...

The safety issue of roadside advertising – comparison of polish and abu dhabi regulations

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Mackun Tomasz

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In Poland a large number of advertisements are located by the roadside. These ads do not support road traffic management and unlike the road marking system are not subject to any regulations. The advertiser’s goal is to communicate a message to as many recipients as possible. Drivers with different individual abilities, such as attention focusing, eye accommodation, speed of information processing, can be distracted, blinded or confused by the content and form of the advertising. There are elements of the road network, such as intersections, pedestrian crossings, road junctions etc. where the driver must assess the situation on the road, predict the behaviour of other users, make decisions and finally complete a manoeuvre. It all happens in a limited span of time when actions should be taken calmly with full attention. It is obvious that the attention of drivers, especially in those zones, should be focused on the task of driving. In this article, the authors present a perspective on selected national laws, and also quote Abu Dhabi’s advertising placement manual [1] as a good example of how to manage roadside advertising.

Evaluating the impact of technology use in energy management in Abu Dhabi Distribution Company

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Al Haddabi, A. [Abu Dhabi Distribution Co., Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates). Dept. of Power Network Development; El-Baz, H.; Gadalla, M. [American Univ. of Sharjah, Sharjah (United Arab Emirates). College of Engineering

2009-07-01

A decision support system (DSS) was used at the Abu Dhabi distribution company (ADDC) in the United Arab Emirates to help planners and managers choose and implement the most reliable and economic network configuration. The impact of using a Geographical Information System (GIS) and Distribution Management System (DMS) on the reliability and cost of alternative network-distribution systems was also examined. The study took into account reliability costs as well as maintenance and investment costs to achieve the optimal feeder automation plan for the best transmission-system reliability. The planning of a distribution system involves two aspects, notably reliability and capacity of the system to meet load growth. Examples of improving distribution network performance after implementing GIS and DMS technologies were presented. The system reliabilities were measured by the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), and the Un-served KWh per Customer. The results showed that GIS and DMS technologies can improve system reliability indices by up to 45 per cent depending on the network architecture, with less than 10 per cent increase in related investment costs. 26 refs., 1 tab., 5 figs.

O que pode significar a educação após Abu Ghraib: revisitando a política de educação de Adorno

OpenAIRE

Giroux, Henry A.

2010-01-01

How might education be used to question the common sense of the war on terrorism or to rouse citizens to challenge the social, political, and cultural conditions that led to the horrible events of Abu Ghraib? Just as crucially, we must ponder the limits of education. Is there a point where extreme conditions shortcircuit our moral instincts and ability to think and act rationally? If this is the case, what responsibility do we have to challenge the reckless violence-as-fi rst-resort ethos of ...

PEMANFAATAN ZEOLIT DARI ABU SEKAM PADI DENGAN AKTIVASI ASAM UNTUK PENURUNAN KESADAHAN AIR

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VH Putranto

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Aktivasi menggunakan asam kuat dalam sintesis zeolit dikenal dapat meningkatkan kemampuan zeolit sebagai adsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan abu sekam padi sebagai sumber silika yang diaktivasi dengan HCl 2 M pada sintesis zeolit secara hidrotermal dan memanfaatkan zeolit hasil sintesis untuk menurunkan tingkat kesadahan air sumur. Proses aktivasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan HCl 2 M. Zeolit hasil sintesis diuji secara kualitatif menggunakan Spektrofotometer Inframerah (FTIR dan Difraksi Sinar-X (XRD kemudian dimanfaatkan untuk menurunkan kadar ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ penyebab kesadahan air dengan variasi waktu kontak (0, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, dan 120 menit dilanjutkan variasi massa zeolit sintetis (0,05; 0,1; 0,125; 0,25; serta 0,5 gram per volume air sumur 25 ml. Hasil uji komposisi kimia dengan Fluoresensi Sinar-X menunjukkan abu sekam padi yang telah diaktivasi memiliki kadar silika (SiO2 yang lebih tinggi yakni mencapai 95,83%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit sintetis yang dihasilkan merupakan zeolit tipe NaY (zeolite like dengan kristal cancrinite sebagai fasa dominan. Adsorbsi optimum ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ dalam air sumur oleh zeolit hasil sintesis terjadi pada waktu 60 menit dengan penyerapan optimum sebesar 94,71% Ca2+ dan 84,55% Mg2+ serta pada massa adsorben optimum 0,125 gram dengan penyerapan optimum sebesar 93,02% Ca2+ dan 83,78% Mg2+.Activation using a strong acid in zeolite synthesis is known can enhance the ability of zeolite as adsorbent. This study aims to utilize rice husk ash as a source of silica, which is activated with 2 M HCl in zeolite synthesis hydrothermally and apply the zeolite to reduce the level of hardness in well water. The activation process is performed by using HCl 2 M solution. Zeolite product is analyzed qualitatively using infrared spectrometer (FTIR and X-ray Diffraction (XRD and then used to reduce the levels of metal ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ which cause water hardness

EFEK PENGGUNAAN ABU GOSOK DAN SERBUK BATA MERAH PADA PEMBUATAN TELUR ASIN TERHADAP KANDUNGAN MIKROBA DALAM TELUR (THE EFFECT OF USING THE ASH AND THE RED BRICK POWDER IN MAKING OF THE SALTED EGGS TO THE MICROBIAL CONTENT OF THE EGGS

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Heru Yuniati

2013-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Background: Salting is a way of preserving eggs with the dough / salt solution to boiling and boil for some time. As mixing the dough salt to soak the eggs, rub ash is commonly used in comparison with red brick powder. Purpose: determine the ability of red brick powder media in inhibiting bacteria than rub ash. Material and Method: Ten salted egg is made using a mixture of ash, salt and water in the ratio 4:2:2 ml, While ten more salted egg is made using a mixture of red brick powder, salt, and water in the ratio 4:2:2. Once the dough is well blended, each egg wrapped in dough evenly with a thickness of ± 2 mm. Then the eggs are stored in a plastic bucket in the open space. Microbial testing performed on total bacteria, and yeasts, as well as testing done to contain coliform, E. coli and Salmonella / Shigella on days 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20. Results: The total bacteria and yeasts in the two salted egg products decreased during salting, except on days -20, where an increase in total bacteria on salted egg with rub ash medium, but not on salted eggs with red brick powder medium. At the end of salting, the total number of bacteria of salted eggs for 4 x 102 and 0.9 x 102 colonies / gram, and total yeast and 0.45 x 102 8.7 x 102 colonies / gram. Conclusion: Salted eggs are made ​​using rub ash and red brick powder did not contain coliform bacteria, E. coli and Salmonella / Shigella, while the total number of bacteria and yeasts in the egg there is a difference. Keywords: Egg sauce, rub ash, red brick dust, microbes     ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Pengasinan adalah cara mengawetkan telur dengan adonan garam dan merebusnya sampai mendidih selama beberapa waktu. Sebagai pencampur dalam adonan garam digunakan abu gosok dibandingkan dengan serbuk bata merah. Tujuan: mengetahui kemampuan media serbuk bata merah dalam menghambat bakteri dibandingkan dengan abu gosok. Bahan dan Cara: Sepuluh butir telur asin dibuat menggunakan campuran abu gosok

Contributions to a shallow aquifer study by reprocessed seismic sections from petroleum exploration surveys, eastern Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Woodward, D.

1994-01-01

The US Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Drilling Company of Abu Dhabi, is conducting a 4-year study of the fresh and slightly saline groundwater resources of the eastern Abu Dhabi Emirate. Most of this water occurs in a shallow aquifer, generally less than 150 m deep, in the Al Ain area. A critical part of the Al Ain area coincides with a former petroleum concession area where about 2780 km of vibroseis data were collected along 94 seismic lines during 1981-1983. Field methods, acquistion parameters, and section processing were originally designed to enhance reflections expected at depths ranging from 5000 to 6000 m, and subsurface features directly associated with the shallow aquifer system were deleted from the original seismic sections. The original field tapes from the vibroseis survey were reprocessed in an attempt to extract shallow subsurface information (depths less than 550 m) for investigating the shallow aquifer. A unique sequence of reproccessing parameters was established after reviewing the results from many experimental tests. Many enhancements to the resolution of shallow seismic reflections resulted from: (1) application of a 20-Hz, low-cut filter; (2) recomputation of static corrections to a datum nearer the land surface; (3) intensive velocity analyses; and (4) near-trace muting analyses. The number, resolution, and lateral continuity of shallow reflections were greatly enhanced on the reprocessed sections, as was the delineation of shallow, major faults. Reflections on a synthetic seismogram, created from a borehole drilled to a depth of 786 m on seismic line IQS-11, matcheddprecisely with shallow reflections on the reprocessed section. The 33 reprocessed sections were instrumental in preparing a map showing the major structural features that affect the shallow aquifer system. Analysis of the map provides a better understanding of the effect of these shallow features on the regional occurrence, movement, and quality of

O direito de participar da riqueza da nação: do Programa Bolsa Família à Renda Básica de Cidadania The right to share in the nation's wealth: from the Family Allowance Program to Basic Citizenship Income

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Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho apresenta os resultados positivos do Programa Bolsa Família no combate à fome e a erradicação da pobreza, ressaltando que o Bolsa Família constituí-se na primeira etapa para a implantação da Renda Básica de Cidadania - RBC, no Brasil, conforme previsto pela Lei 10.835 de 2004. A RBC será instituída por etapas, a critério do Poder Executivo, começando pelos mais necessitados. Será o direito de todas as pessoas, incondicionalmente, receberem uma renda que, na medida do possível, será suficiente para atender as suas necessidades vitais. Não se trata de uma caridade ou uma assistência, mas de um direito de todos participarem da riqueza da nação. A racionalidade deste instrumento para garantir real liberdade e dignidade a todos é também aqui analisada.This paper presents the positive outcomes of Brazil's Family Allowance Program, in terms of combating hunger and eradicating poverty, stressing that this is the first step towards introducing a Basic Income for Citizenship (RBC - Renda Básica de Cidadania in Brazil, as established in 2004 through Law N° 10,835. This Basic Income for Citizenship will be phased in by stages at the discretion of the Executive Branch, starting with the neediest segments of the population. Everyone will be endowed with the unconditional right to receive an income that will be sufficient - as far as possible - to cover vital requirements. This is not a matter of charity or welfare, but rather an across-the-board right to share in the wealth of the nation. The rationality of this tool for ensuring real freedom and dignity for all is also examined here.

Perfil lipídico e obesidade em escolares de baixa renda Lipid profile and obesity in low income school children

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Luciane Peter Grillo

2005-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil lipídico de escolares de baixa renda e sua relação com a obesidade. METODOLOGIA: A população em estudo foi composta por 257 escolares, com idade entre 3 e 14 anos, freqüentadores de instituições chamadas COMBEMI, no município de Itajaí - SC. Dados socioeconômicos foram coletados para caracterização da amostra. As concentrações lipídicas de colesterol total (CT, frações HDL-c (lipoproteína de alta densidade e LDL-c (lipoproteína de baixa densidade e triglicerídeo (TGL foram determinadas e avaliadas segundo os pontos de corte propostos pelas III Diretrizes Brasileiras sobre Dislipidemias. A condição de obesidade foi estabelecida entre os escolares, por meio do índice peso/estatura, em escore z, nas crianças, e do Índice de Massa Corporal, em percentis, nos adolescentes, sendo os pontos de corte maior que 2 e maior que o percentil 95, respectivamente. Os dados foram analisados segundo teste t de "Student", Mann-Whitney e Qui-quadrado. A associação entre dislipidemias e obesidade foi avaliada por meio da "odds ratio". RESULTADOS: A renda per capita média foi de R$ 86,65. As médias de CT, TGL, HDL-c e LDL-c foram 145, 61, 82 e 49 mg/dl, respectivamente. A hipercolesterolemia esteve presente em 3,1% da amostra, hipertrigliceridemia em 4,7%, LDL-c elevado em 6,6% e inadequados níveis de HDL-c em 17,9%. O percentual de obesidade encontrado foi de 7,4% nos escolares. Diferenças entre os sexos não foram observadas. Os níveis de HDL-c baixo associaram-se de maneira significante com a presença de obesidade (OR: 3,27 IC= 1,08-9,74. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apontam para um perfil lipídico diferenciado, com médias inferiores se comparados aos da literatura, sendo apenas a lipoproteína HDL-c associada à presença de obesidade entre os escolares de baixa renda.PURPOSE: To evaluate the lipid profile of school children from low-income families and its relation with obesity. METHODOLOGY: The study

Mensuração dos custos e avaliação de rendas em sistemas de produção de leite caprino nos Cariris Paraibanos.

OpenAIRE

DAL MONTE, H. L. B.; COSTA, R. G.; HOLANDA JUNIOR, E. V.; PIMENTA FILHO, E. C.; CRUZ, G. R. B. da; MENEZES, M. P. C.

2013-01-01

Objetivou-se mensurar o custo de produção do leite e avaliar a renda na atividade caprina por sistemas de produção. Os sistemas de produção estão localizados na microrregião dos Cariris Paraibanos e foram definidos por critérios de eficiência técnica e econômica, com método de agrupamento por análise multivariada e formação de cinco grupos. O método utilizado para o custo de produção foi o custo operacional, e o critério adotado para a conversão do custo da atividade leiteira para o custo do ...

Alimentação saudável, escolaridade e excesso de peso entre mulheres de baixa renda Healthy eating, schooling and being overweight among low-income women

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Ana Paula Machado Lins

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores associados à prevalência do excesso de peso e obesidade em uma população de mulheres adultas de baixa renda, moradoras de uma região metropolitana; e sua associação com variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, reprodutivas e comportamentais, destacando a alimentação saudável. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional com uma amostra probabilística de 758 mulheres de 20 anos ou mais moradoras de Campos Elíseos - Duque de Caxias. Utilizou-se análise bivariada e regressão multivariada hierarquizada para identificar fatores associados ao excesso de peso e obesidade. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se uma prevalência de obesidade de 23% e prevalências de 56,0%, quando somados o excesso de peso e a obesidade. Encontrou-se associação inversa entre anos de estudo, excesso de peso e obesidade. A maioria das mulheres referiu alimentação saudável (73,6%, que aumentou positivamente com a renda, escolaridade e idade. Não consumir semanalmente verduras esteve associado ao excesso de peso e não realizar alimentação saudável esteve associado à obesidade. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados demonstraram que mesmo em uma população com renda baixa, um maior nível de escolaridade tem impacto na prevenção deste agravo e nas escolhas alimentares.The scope of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the prevalence of being overweight and obesity in a population of low-income adult women living in a metropolitan region and its association with socioeconomic, demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, highlighting the importance of healthy eating. A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 758 women aged 20 or older living in Campos Elíseos - Duque de Caxias - State of Rio de Janeiro. Bivariate and multivariate hierarchical regression was used to identify factors associated with overweight and obesity. A prevalence of 23% of obesity was found

ARTESANATO, ARTE E CULTURA LOCAL: uma possibilidade de renda e desenvolvimento da atividade turística

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Jean Carlos Vieira Santos

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é diagnosticar, conhecer e apresentar o artesanato do interior do estado de Goiás, a partir de peças que inicialmente eram confeccionadas para o uso doméstico de moradores e que atualmente têm ocupado alguns lugares comerciais desse espaço urbano. O recorte de estudo deste artigo é o urbano do município de Quirinópolis, localizado na microrregião homônima. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, a pesquisa parte da discussão da categoria geográfica lugar, chegando aos territórios comerciais e de criação dos sujeitos envolvidos com o saber fazer artesanal. Para a construção do trabalho, o referencial teórico (livros, jornais, internet e revistas, os trabalhos de campo, o levantamento fotográfico, as entrevistas informais, as aplicações de questionários e o trabalho de gabinete foram fundamentais. No caso das artesãs investigadas, os principais resultados apontam que 32% têm entre 51 e 60 anos de idade; 37% alegam que o principal motivo de trabalhar com o artesanato é a possibilidade de aumentar a renda familiar; e para 55% dessas pessoas, o trabalho artesanal desenvolvido em Quirinópolis é um potencial turístico do lugar.

Thea sinensis L.

OpenAIRE

2015-01-01

Представлены результаты фитохимического анализа чая китайского, в результате работы установили наличие в листьях чая китайского, выращенного в условиях Республики Адыгея, пуриновых алкалоидов, среди которых преобладает кофеин, и дубильных веществ

Tokyo / Karin Thea

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karin, Thea

2013-01-01

Tokyo vaatamisväärtused: Sky Tree teletorn, Takeshita Dori jalakäijate tänav, Asakusa linnaosa, The Gate Hotel, Tokyo metroo, Ryogoku Kokugikan, Nippon Kasgaku Miraikan ning Jaapani suurim kalaturg Tsukiji

Destruction of a Holothuria scabra population by overfishing at Abu Rhamada Island in the Red Sea.

Science.gov (United States)

Hasan, Mohamed Hamza

2005-10-01

Populations of Holothuria scabra at Abu Rhamada Island were investigated during 52 months, from July 1999 to October 2003. During the first 23 months (July, 1999-May, 2001) the Island had a robust population with a tri-modal size frequency distribution curve, very high densities (85.7-95.1 ind./100 m2 at the sandy habitat), high abundance (3362-3110 individuals) and biomass (46.7-34.3 kg/100 m2). Also, during this period most individuals were at depths between 4 and 6m and no individuals were recorded deeper than 15m. The population declined after harvesting began (June, 2001) and by March, 2002 the size frequency distribution showed a bimodal pattern with an obvious decrease in abundance of large individuals. There was also a slight reduction in densities (73.2-60.1 ind./100 m2 at the sandy habitat), abundance (2292-1682 individuals) and biomass (21.6-11.3 kg/100 m2), and a marked shift towards deeper waters. Overfishing reached its maximum during the final 19 months of the study, and by October, 2003, density (30.7-0.4 ind./100 m2 at the sandy habitat), abundance (802-10 individuals) and biomass (6.9-0.1 kg/100 m2) were all greatly reduced. The size frequency distribution of the population became unimodal, large animals disappeared and no recruits were seen. During this period, individuals were found at very deep depths (30 to >40 m). The study also showed that sandy substrate was the preferred habitat for H. scabra, accommodating the largest number of individuals. The population of H. scabra at Abu Rhamada Island was found to spawn biannually from 1999 to 2001, then only once during 2002 when high fishing pressure occurred, and ceased completely in 2003. The sex ratio was not significantly different from 1:1 before fishing begun, but shifted to an increasing male bias reaching 93% males by January 2003. None of the small animals remaining after January, 2003 could be sexed. Size at sexual maturity decreased from prefishing (185 mm for females and 160 mm for

ATLAS virtual visit features Al-Quds University, a Palestinian university with campuses in Abu Dis and al-Bireh.

CERN Multimedia

claudia marcelloni

2012-01-01

Mon, 02 Apr - 14:00 CET (15:00 local) ATLAS virtual visit features Al-Quds University, a Palestinian university with campuses in Abu Dis and al-Bireh. As part of the "Physics Without Frontiers" project, funded by ICTP, Al-Quds is hosting a one day particle physics masterclass. During the day the students are given an introduction to particle physics, the LHC and the ATLAS Experiment, before having the chance to analyse real LHC data. This virtual visit comprises of a live tour around the ATLAS control room and the opportunity to ask questions to the ATLAS physicists. Al-Quds Physics has active research in accelerators, biophysics, laser, nuclear & particle, plasma, and solid state. A new collaboration is underway Forschungszentrum Jülich in spintronics, bioelectronics Alquds Physics is involved in the regional synchrotron SESAME in Jordan. Members include nine states from the region and over 10 observers worldwide. SESAME was established a long the same philosophy behind building CERN.

Sobre a sustentabilidade das associações voluntárias em uma comunidade de baixa renda

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Augusto Souto-Maior Fontes

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre o desenho das redes egocentradas de uma comunidade de baixa renda e os prováveis efeitos sobre o desempenho das associações voluntárias (associações de moradores e organizações não-governamentais do bairro. Perguntamo-nos sobre que fatores poderiam explicar o fato de alguns moradores passarem do papel de simples consumidores de serviços oferecidos pelas organizações do bairro para o de participantes na gestão dessas entidades. Maior ou menor engajamento na participação em associações voluntárias freqüentemente tem sido explicados ou por características psicossociais dos participantes (que resultaria em níveis diversos de motivação, ou em características oriundas de atributos individuais (sexo, idade, estado civil, renda etc.. Penso que características do desenho das redes egocentradas (centralidade, multiplexidade, predominância de relações fracas ou fortes, territorialidade dos laços sociais etc. são também elementos importantes a serem considerados. Admitimos, portanto, que a sustentabilidade de uma organização comunitária - isto é, o fato de essas organizações terem um forte apoio da comunidade - seria em parte função da estruturação das redes de seus participantes. Essas hipóteses são testadas empiricamente a partir de informações extraídas das redes egocentradas de habitantes da Comunidade de Chão de Estrelas, em Recife. Foram aplicados 250 questionários, a partir de amostra aleatória simples de um universo de 1.131 domicílios.To analyze the relationship between the format of the networks of a low-income community and the probable effects on the performance of district voluntary associations (community groups and NGO' s. How can we explain why some inhabitants start as simple consumers of the services offered by the district associations to later become participants in the management of those organizations. The explanation for the

Da invisibilidade à regularização fundiária : a trajetória legal da moradia de baixa renda em Porto Alegre-século XX

OpenAIRE

Betania de Moraes Alfonsin

2000-01-01

O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a evolução da legislação urbanística do município de Porto Alegre, ao longo de todo o século XX, no que diz respeito ao tratamento que a mesma dispensou aos territórios de moradia da população de baixa renda nesta cidade do Sul do Brasil. Através de uma ampla pesquisa na legislação urbanística foi possível identificar seis grandes "Ciclos" históricos na trajetória da política habitacional conduzida pelo Governo municipal: 1. A invisibilização 2. A expul...

Abu Ghraib and Beyond: Torture as an Extension of the Desiring Machine

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Hania Nashef

2012-11-01

Full Text Available In his discussion of Dante’s Inferno, Edward Said writes that “Maometto” or Mohammed occupies the eighth circle in the nine circles of Hell, belonging to “a rigid hierarchy of evils.”  According to Said, “Maometto” is “endlessly being cleft in two from his chin to his anus,” a punishment in Dante’s belief is well deserved because of Maometto’s sensuality and “pretensions to theological eminence.”  Such graphic description of torment evokes scenes of torture we have of late witnessed in Abu Ghreib and Guantanamo.  Prisoners, not only, were subjected to physical abuse but were also subjected to acts of sexual perversion as was revealed by the photos.  Furthermore, the latter showed those who partook in these actions seemed to be enjoying the power that the exercise of torture gave them.  Robert J.C. Young states that Colonialism “was not only a machine of war … but also a desiring machine.”  This poses the question as to whether torture does allow for the enactment of repressed desire by allowing it to surface by providing it with a venue in which it becomes acceptable.  Moreover, does Colonialism in its previous or in its current form, only sustain itself fundamentally through constant violence, of which perversion is a vital component as these practices are playing into the repertoire of the evil East, or is the perversion an extension of a suppressed Oedipus complex?

Infant Feeding Practices of Emirati Women in the Rapidly Developing City of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Hazel Gardner

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Rapid economic and cultural transition in the United Arab Emirates (UAE has been accompanied by new challenges to public health; most notably a rapid rise in chronic disease. Breastfeeding is known to improve health outcomes in adulthood, is associated with reduced risk of developing chronic disease, and is therefore an important public health issue for this rapidly increasing population. Factors associated with infant feeding practices were examined in a cohort of 125 Emirati women and their infants, with data collected at birth and 3, 6 and 15 months postpartum by questionnaires and interviews. Participants were recruited in the Corniche Hospital, the main maternity hospital in the city of Abu Dhabi. Factors affecting the duration of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary foods were investigated using univariate and multivariate statistics. Recommended infant feeding practices, such as exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and timely introduction of appropriate complementary foods, were poorly adhered to. Factors implicated in early cessation of breastfeeding included: time to first breastfeed, mother’s education level, employment status and early introduction of complementary foods.

MUSLIM-CHRISTIAN DEBATES IN THEEARLY ‘ABBASID PERIOD: The Cases of Timothy I and Theodore Abu Qurra

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Hans Abdiel Harmakaputra

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The era of the early ‘Abbasid caliphate made an important mark on the history of the world by the event of the Greek translation movement, i.e. the translation of Greek thoughts into the Arabic language. In addition to this development, the era also saw the flourishing of interreligious discourse, in both polemical literatures and religious debates, especially between Christians and Muslims. This article tries to describe how those two historical remarks are correlated under the light of other factors such as politics and religious identity. The earliest debate was happened between caliph al-Mahdi (r. 755-785 CE and a Nestorian Catholicos, Timothy I (728- 823 CE, as the first sample of religious discourses. The second one is the debate between the caliph al-Ma’mun (r. 813-833CE, who arranged many religious debates in his court, with Theodore Abu Qurra (755 – 830 CE, Bishop of Harran. By knowing the motives of the two caliphs who sponsored those events, readers would catch a better picture of the historical contexts of that time.

Infant Feeding Practices of Emirati Women in the Rapidly Developing City of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Science.gov (United States)

Gardner, Hazel; Green, Katherine; Gardner, Andrew

2015-09-02

Rapid economic and cultural transition in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been accompanied by new challenges to public health; most notably a rapid rise in chronic disease. Breastfeeding is known to improve health outcomes in adulthood, is associated with reduced risk of developing chronic disease, and is therefore an important public health issue for this rapidly increasing population. Factors associated with infant feeding practices were examined in a cohort of 125 Emirati women and their infants, with data collected at birth and 3, 6 and 15 months postpartum by questionnaires and interviews. Participants were recruited in the Corniche Hospital, the main maternity hospital in the city of Abu Dhabi. Factors affecting the duration of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary foods were investigated using univariate and multivariate statistics. Recommended infant feeding practices, such as exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and timely introduction of appropriate complementary foods, were poorly adhered to. Factors implicated in early cessation of breastfeeding included: time to first breastfeed, mother's education level, employment status and early introduction of complementary foods.

Determination of Sediment Profile for ²¹⁰Pb, Pb, U and Th from Sultan Abu Bakar Dam Due to Soil Erosion from Highland Agriculture Area, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

OpenAIRE

Zaini Hamzah; Seh D. Riduan; Ahmad Saat

2011-01-01

Problem statement: Sultan Abu Bakar Dam in Cameron Highlands act as a catchments to accumulate all eroded soil carried by the run off flow through Bertam River, the main river that passes through the highland agriculture area. All suspended solid that carried out by the river contain various kind of hazard potential to the environment. U, Th and Pb are the potential hazard elements carried out by water and accumulate at the dam. Approach: Five sampling point were selected where five 30cm core...

KATALIS HETEROGEN DARI ABU VULKANIK UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK MIKROALGA CHLORELLA SP

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Catur Rini Widyastuti

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Selama ini, proses produksi biodiesel konvensioanal banyak menghasilkan air limbah pada tahap pemisahan produk dari katalis yang larut dan produk samping yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan selama proses pemisahan tersebut, jenis katalis heterogen dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan katalis homogen alkali yang biasa digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis katalis dan aktivitasnya dalam reaksi transesterifikasi minyak mikroalga Chlorella sp menjadi biodiesel. Tahap awal penelitian yang dilakukan adalah preparasi minyak mikroalga yang akan digunakan untuk uji aktivitas katalis. Minyak mikroalga diperoleh dengan ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana. Rendemen minyak yang diperoleh sebesar 12,26%. Dari hasil uji GC-MS diketahui dua kandungan asam lemak terbesar dalam minyak mikroalga, yaitu Dodecanoic acid sebesar 59.52% dan n-Decanoic acid sebesar 12.64%. Selanjutnya minyak mikroalga direaksikan dengan metanol dengan rasio molar 1:6 menggunakan katalis yang disintesis dari abu vulkanik. Preparasi katalis dilakukan dengan dua metode yang berbeda, yaitu refluks dengan larutan H 2 SO 2 M dan secara alkali hidrotermal menggunakan larutan NaOH 2M. Reaksi transesterifikasi berlangsung pada suhu 60 o 4 C dengan penambahan katalis padat sebanyak 5% selama 60 menit. Yield biodiesel yang diperoleh dari reaksi menggunakan katalis yang dipreparasi dengan larutan H 2 SO adalah 28,27% dengan densitas 0,684 g/ mL. Sedangkan reaksi dengan katalis yang dipreparasi secara alkali hidrotermal menghasilkan biodiesel sebanyak 23% dengan densitas 0,69 g/mL.

Abu-Sahl al-Masihi (died circa 1010 AD): The Persian physician in the early medieval era.

Science.gov (United States)

Taghavi-Shirazi, Maryam; Ghods, Roshanak; Hashem-Dabaghian, Fataneh; Zargaran, Arman

2018-01-01

In the early medieval era, in the time which is called the Islamic Golden Age, medicine flourished through the practice of Persian physicians (9th to 12th century AD). Abu-Sahl al-Masihi (died circa 1010 AD) was one of the physicians in that period who had great influence on the progress of medicine by his own writings as well as his influence on great scholars like Biruni and Avicenna as their teacher. He was a polymath and had many writings in various fields of science, in particular medical sciences. Some of his manuscripts in medicine were Al-Mia fil-Tibb (Book of the Hundred), Kitab al-Teb al-Koli (The General Medicine), Ezhar al-Hekmat Allah Ta'ala fi Khalgh al-Ensan (God's Mystery on the Creation of Man), Resalat al-Adwiya (Treatise of Drugs), Osool Elm Nabz (the Principles of Pulse), and Resala f ī Taḥqiq Amral-Waba' (On the determination of the matter of infectious diseases). As a sign of his impact in Persian medicine, many later physicians (until 19th century) referred to and cited his works in their manuscripts several times.

Gravity and Areomagnetic Signatures and their Geological Significance in the Abu Gharadig Basin, Nortwestern Desert, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibrahim, H.A.

2000-01-01

Geological interpretation of Bouguer gravity anomalies and total intensity magnetic anomalies of two profiles from the Abu Gharadig Basin suggests a general northward increase in basement depth (about 3 to 6 km). Gravity modeling using software given by Enmark (1981) and Beg et. al (1987) are applied along the gravity profiles, giving reliable results agreeing with the available geological information on the area. The magenetic profiles are interpreted and analyzed using two methods: non-linear optimization techniques and interactive techniques. A prominent uplift of the basement rock is observed to the south, which is considered a part of the major basement high in the north Western Desert of the Egypt. In addition a significant deepning of the basement is found to the north, which represents a part of the major subsidence including the present Mediterranean BasinThe abnormal thickness of the sedimentary section of varius facies, and the presence of deep-causative intrabasement (acidic or basic bodies) are possibly considered the main cause for 1) the origin of different gravity anamolies (negative and positive respectively); and 2) the origin of different magnetic anomalies (low and high), particularly those in the middle part of the study area. (author)

Mammography and Pap test screening among low-income foreign-born Hispanic women in the USA Mamografia e teste Papanicolau em mulheres latinas de baixa renda nos Estados Unidos

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Maria E. Fernandez

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Little is known about the factors influencing screening among low-income Hispanic women particularly among recent immigrants. A sample of 148 low-income, low-literate, foreign-born Hispanic women residing in the Washington DC metropolitan area participated in the study. The mean age of the sample was 46.2 (SD = 11.5, 84% reported annual household incomesEste estudo determinou os fatores que influenciam a conduta de mulheres latinas de baixa renda nos EUA, em face do monitoramento pela mamografia (MM e por meio do teste de Papanicolau (TP, em uma amostra de 148 mulheres latinas, residentes na região metropolitana de Washington DC. A idade média na amostra foi de 46,2 anos (desvio padrão 11,5, e 84% relatavam renda familiar anual menor que quinze mil dólares. Todas as mulheres falavam espanhol e apresentavam níveis reduzidos de aculturação; 96% destas informavam ter realizado TP, mas 24% não relatavam adesão às normas recomendadas de rastreamento. Entre aquelas com quarenta anos ou mais, 62% haviam realizado MM, mas somente 33% de acordo com as normas de rotina. A freqüência de conceitos equivocados sobre o câncer neste grupo de mulheres foi maior que a observada para mulheres latinas em outros estudos. Modelos logísticos multivariados para variáveis correlacionadas à conduta no rastreamento pelo TP e MM indicam que fatores como o medo do teste, vergonha e desconhecimento tiveram influência. Concluiu-se que as mulheres nesse estudo apresentaram menor freqüência de rastreamento por MM que mulheres não latinas, além de apresentarem também níveis mais reduzidos de adesão às normas de rastreamento por TP e MM.

PRODUÇÃO E RENDA NO ASSENTAMENTO SANTA TEREZA, MUNICÍPIO DE PORANGATU, GOIÁS PRODUCTION AND INCOME IN THE SANTA TEREZA SETTLEMENT, PORANGATU MUNICIPALITY, GOIÁS STATE, BRAZIL

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Renato Pinto da Silva Junior

2007-09-01

Full Text Available

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar o desempenho econômico da agricultura familiar no assentamento Santa Teresa, em Porangatu, ao Norte de Goiás. Os dados foram obtidos por entrevista direta de uma amostra com 45 assentados, no ano agrícola 2001/2002. Análises fatorial e de regressão múltipla foram utilizadas para explicar a rentabilidade dos negócios. A região apresenta baixa precipitação pluviométrica, poucos recursos hídricos e um pequeno mercado para os produtos do assenta-mento. Os produtores receberam financiamentos do governo para investimentos e custeio agrícola, mas não, capacitação e assistência técnica. As principais atividades desenvolvidas são a pecuária leiteira, a suinocultura, a avicultura e a produção de arroz e milho. A pequena quantidade de capital para custeio agrícola induz à adoção de tecnologia intensiva em mão-de-obra e pequena escala de produção (47,9% da área é cultivada e, como conseqüência, 77,5% da mão-de-obra não é utilizada. Isso explica o baixo nível de produtividade e o alto risco das culturas anuais, embora todas as atividades agrícolas apresentem margem bruta positiva de R$ 2.188,00 por ano. A pecuária de leite foi a única atividade que apresentou renda líquida positiva. E a renda oriunda da aposentadoria representa 65% da renda familiar. As análises fatorial e de regressão indicaram que a eficiência técnica, o uso dos recursos terra e mão-de-obra familiar estão diretamente relacionados à melhor rentabilidade econômica da parcela, enquanto a área com lavouras anuais e o uso da mão-de-obra contratada estão inversamente relacionados com esta rentabilidade.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Assentamentos de reforma agrária; produção e renda; análise fatorial.

This research aimed to study the economic

Benefits of a single payment system: case study of Abu Dhabi health system reforms.

Science.gov (United States)

Vetter, Philipp; Boecker, Klaus

2012-12-01

In 2005 leaders in the wealthy Emirate of Abu Dhabi inherited an health system from their predecessors that was well-intentioned in its historic design, but that did not live up to aspirations in any dimension. First, the Emirate defined a vision to deliver "world-class" quality care in response to citizen's needs. It has since introduced tiered mandatory health insurance for all inhabitants linked to a single standard payment system, which generates accurate data as an invaluable by-product. A newly created independent health system regulator monitors these data and licenses, audits, and inspects all health service professionals, facilities, and insurers accordingly. We analyse these health system reforms using the "Getting Health Reform Right" framework. Our analysis suggests that an integrated set of reforms addressing all reform levers is critical to achieving the outcomes observed. The reform programme has improved access, by giving all residents health cards. The approximate doubling of demand has been matched by flexible supply, with the private sector adding 5 new hospitals and 93 clinics to the health system infrastructure since 2006. The focus on reliable raw-data flows through the single standard payment system functions as a motor for improvement services, innovation, and investment, for instance by allowing payers to 'pay for quality', which may well be applicable in other contexts. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

As causas imediatas do crescimento da renda, da redução da desigualdade e da queda da extrema pobreza na Bahia, no Nordeste e no Brasil entre 2003 e 2011

OpenAIRE

de Souza, Pedro H. G. F.

2013-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é explicar as causas imediatas do crescimento da renda domiciliar per capita, da redução da desigualdade e da queda da extrema pobreza para cinco recortes geográficos – Brasil, Nordeste, Bahia, Região Metropolitana (RM) de Salvador e Bahia não metropolitana – durante o período recente de crescimento pró-pobre (2003-2011). Com base em decomposições dinâmicas dos três aspectos, este texto procura verificar se as mudanças dos últimos anos seguem ou não um mesmo padrão g...

Implementation of improved underbalanced drilling in AbuDhabi onshore field

Science.gov (United States)

Alhammadi, Adel Mohammed

Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations (ADCO) is considering Underbalanced Drilling (UBD) as a means to develop lower permeability units in its fields. In addition to productivity and recovery gains, ADCO also expects reservoir characterization benefits from UBD. Reservoir screening studies were carried out on all of ADCO's reservoirs to determine their applicability for UBD. The primary business benefits of UBD were determined to be reservoir characterization, damage Mitigation, and rate of Penetration "ROP" Improvement. Apart from the primary benefits, some of the secondary benefits of UBD that were identified beforehand included rig performance. Since it's a trial wells, the challenge was to drill these wells safely, efficiently and of course meeting well objectives. Many operators worldwide drill these well in underbalanced mode but complete it overbalanced. In our case the plan was to drill and complete these wells in underbalanced condition. But we had to challenge most operators and come up with special and unique casing hanger design to ensure well control barriers exists while fishing the control line of the Downhole Deployment Valve "DDV". After intensive studies and planning, the hanger was designed as per our recommendations and found to be effective equipment that optimized the operational time and the cost as well. This report will provide better understanding of UBD technique in general and shade on the special designed casing hanger compared to conventional or what's most used worldwide. Even thought there were some issues while running the casing hanger prior drilling but managed to capture the learning's from each well and re-modified the hanger and come up with better deign for the future wells. Finally, the new design perform a good performance of saving the operation time and assisting the project to be done in a safe and an easy way without a major impact on the well cost. This design helped to drill and complete these wells safely with

Características sociodemográficas e nutricionais de crianças brasileiras menores de 2 anos beneficiárias de programas de transferência condicionada de renda em 2006

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Juliana Bergamo Vega

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Programas de transferência condicionada de renda (PTCR visam o combate à pobreza e à fome e a garantia da segurança alimentar. Crianças menores de 2 anos de famílias beneficiárias são mais vulneráveis às condições ambientais. Este estudo objetiva caracterizar esta população segundo variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e nutricionais. Utilizaram-se dados secundários da Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Crian ça e da Mulher (PNDS-2006. Descreveram-se os dados em média e desvios-padrão. Para as associações utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado e intervalos de confiança de 95%. Das 1735 crianças 29,4% eram beneficiárias de PTCR com renda média familiar de R$430,20 e valor médio dos benefícios de R$75. Dentre as que residiam no Nordeste ou na região rural do país, uma em cada três recebiam PTCR. Entre as que viviam em insegurança alimentar grave, 52,3% pertenciam a PTCR. Classes econômicas D e E e baixa escolaridade materna associaram-se a PTCR. Entre os desvios nutricionais das crianças beneficiárias, prevaleceu o peso elevado para idade. Das que interromperam o aleitamento materno exclusivo antes dos dois meses, 31,2% eram de PTCR. Identifica-se a necessidade de educação nutricional preventiva a fim de otimizar a utilização do benefício.

Abu Bakr Qalandar. Qalandar-name. Chapter 9. “The Ascension (Mi’raj of the Messenger [of Allah] (Peace Be upon Him!”.

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Ismagil R. Gibadullin

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article contains an excerpt from the poem “Qalandar-name” of Sufi sheikh and Islamic scholar of Anatolian origin, Abu Bakr Qalandar Rumi, who lived in Crimea. The ninth chapter is devoted to the ascension of the Prophet of Islam, Muhammad (peace be upon him!, which is known as the Mi’raj in the Islamic tradition. This chapter is full of highly emotional and mystical reflections on the significance of this event. This topic becomes particularly meaningful in the context of religious and mystical work “Qalandar-name”. It points to a shift from the traditional expressions of honor with respect to the primary figures of early Islamic history (righteous Caliphs, relatives of the Prophet, Imams of four Sunni madhhabs to the presentation of mystical revelations and experiences of the author.

Determination of lead, mercury and cadmium concentrations in different organs of Barbus grypus and Liza abu of Karoon River in 2011

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A ghorbani ranjbary

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Accumulation of heavy metals in fish body causes the destruction of soft tissues and suppression of immune system. Moreover, consumption of contaminated fish causes several consequences in humans. This survey was conducted to determine the concentration of lead, mercury and cadmium in muscle tissue, gill as well as liver of Barbus grypus and Liza abu. These two species are native fishes of Karoon River in Ahvaz area. A total number of 80 sample was obtained during the winter of 2010. After preparation and chemical digestion of fish samples, the amounts of heavy metals were determined by spectrophotometer method. According to the results, the overall lead concentration in different organs of the two species was more than mercury and cadmium concentrations. Furthermore, the accumulation of heavy elements in gills was estimated higher than the other organs. Although a significant difference (P

As Experiências de Consumo de Eletrônicos de Consumidores de Baixa Renda no Brasil

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Marcelo de Rezende Pinto

2013-03-01

Full Text Available A partir da constatação de que ainda são incipientes os estudos que buscam relacionar as experiências de consumo em uma perspectiva social, atrelada à percepção de que pouco se pesquisou sobre os consumidores pobres urbanos, este trabalho tem por objetivo geral investigar como as experiências de consumo de eletrônicos pelos consumidores de baixa renda interagem com o sistema cultural e simbólico envolvido no fluxo da vida social cotidiana. Por meio de uma abordagem interpretativista e construtivista, conduziu-se uma pesquisa de inspiração etnográfica a fim de se vivenciar o dia a dia dos consumidores no seu ambiente natural por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, observações e notas de campo. Os dados da investigação empírica foram examinados com base na Análise de Conteúdo. Com a intenção de ir além das descrições, o trabalho também visou à construção de uma teoria substantiva por meio da grounded theory construtivista tal como proposta por Strauss e Corbin (2008 e Charmaz (2006. A teoria substantiva gerada salientou que nas experiências de consumo de aparelhos eletrônicos de consumidores pobres é possível perceber uma intensa relação com o sistema cultural e simbólico construída entre os sujeitos pesquisados.DOI:10.5585/remark.v12i1.2316

Energies and media nr 31. The EPR. Its role in the nuclear sector. Finland, Flamanville, Abu Dhabi. The reactor range

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-02-01

After some comments on recent events in the nuclear sector in different countries (energy policy and projects in the USA, China, Italy, UK, Germany), this publication discusses the role of the EPR. It briefly outlines the characteristics of the third generation reactors compared with that of the first and second ones, evokes the influence of September 11 on design specifications, and evokes the international discussions about the project of fourth-generation reactors and the researches on nuclear fusion. It outlines the current context and the role of nuclear energy in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, briefly describes the opportunities offered by the use of thorium, and by fast neutron reactors. It comments the construction of the EPRs in Finland and in Flamanville, some characteristics of the EPR control system, and how France failed in selling the EPR to Abu Dhabi. It finally evokes the French offer in terms of nuclear reactors

Geomorphology of Dra Abu el-Naga (Egypt): The basis of the funerary sacred landscape

Science.gov (United States)

Bardají, T.; Martínez-Graña, A.; Sánchez-Moral, S.; Pethen, H.; García-González, D.; Cuezva, S.; Cañaveras, J. C.; Jiménez-Higueras, A.

2017-07-01

A geological and geomorphological analysis has been performed in the necropolis of Dra Abu el-Naga in order to understand the role played by these two factors in the development of the sacred landscape. The investigation focuses upon two aspects of the development of the necropolis, the selection criteria for tomb location and the reconstruction of the ancient funerary landscape. Around 50 tombs were surveyed, analysing the characteristics of their host rock and classifying them according to a modified Rock Mass Rating Index, in order to understand how rock quality affected tomb construction. This analysis resulted in the definition of five rock-quality classes (I to V) from very good to very poor rock. The geological study also resulted in a proposed geological-geomorphological model for the evolution of this zone of the Theban necropolis that complements previous works by other authors. Due to the lack of precise dating evidence this chronology is a relative one and is based on the chronology given by other authors for similar deposits and events. Two catastrophic events, represented by mega-landslides, have been identified, the first one predates the deposition of early Pleistocene fluvial deposits, and the second one possibly occurred during the middle-late Pleistocene. Two weathering surfaces developed under wetter than present climatic conditions and have been tentatively correlated to the mid-late Pleistocene humid period and the African-Humid Period (early-mid Holocene).

The relationship between levels of income inequality and dental caries and periodontal diseases A associação dos níveis de desigualdade de renda com cárie dental e doença periodontal

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Roger Keller Celeste

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between income inequality at a lagged time of 2 and 11 years with two short latency outcomes (untreated dental caries and gingivitis and two long latency outcomes (edentulism and periodontal attachment loss > 8mm. We used data from the Brazilian oral health survey in 2002-2003. Our analysis included 13,405 subjects aged 35-44 years. Different lagged Gini at municipal level were fitted using logistic and negative binomial multilevel analyses. Covariates included municipal per capita income, equivalized income, age, sex, time since last dental visit and place of residence (rural versus urban. Crude estimates showed that only untreated dental caries was associated with current and lagged Gini, but in adjusted models only current Gini remained significant with a ratio of 1.19 (95%CI: 1.09-1.30 for every ten-point increase in the Gini coefficient. We conclude that lagged Gini showed no association with oral health; and current income Gini was associated with current dental caries but not with periodontal disease.Avaliar a associação entre desigualdade de renda (Gini municipal defasada em 2 e 11 anos com dois desfechos de curta latência (cárie dentária não tratada e gengivite e dois de longa latência (edentulismo e perda de inserção periodontal > 8mm. Foram utilizados dados do inquérito brasileiro de saúde bucal em 2002-2003. A análise incluiu 13.405 indivíduos com idades entre 35-44 anos. Foram usados modelos de regressão multinível. Covariáveis incluídas: renda municipal per capita, renda domiciliar equivalente, idade, sexo, tempo decorrido desde a última consulta odontológica e local de residência (rural versus urbano. Estimativas brutas mostraram que apenas cárie dental não tratada estava associada ao Gini (atual e defasado no tempo, mas em modelos ajustados apenas Gini atual manteve uma relação significativa com razão de 1,19 (IC95%: 1,09-1,30 para cada dez

Cause-specific mortality and income inequality in São Paulo, Brazil Mortalidad según causas básicas y desigualdad de renta en el Municipio de Sao Paulo, Brasil Mortalidade segundo causas básicas e desigualdade de renda no Município de São Paulo

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Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho

2012-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To analyze cause-specific mortality rates according to the relative income hypothesis. METHODS: All 96 administrative areas of the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, were divided into two groups based on the Gini coefficient of income inequality: high (>0.25 and low (OBJETIVO: Analizar causas básicas de óbito según la teoría de renta relativa. MÉTODOS: Los 96 distritos del Municipio de Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil fueron divididos en dos grupos según desigualdad de renta, con base en el índice de Gini (alta ? 0,25 y baja OBJETIVO: Analisar causas básicas de óbito segundo a teoria de renda relativa. MÉTODOS: Os 96 distritos do Município de São Paulo, SP, foram divididos em dois grupos segundo desigualdade de renda, com base no índice de Gini (alta > 0,25 e baixa <0,25. Foi aplicada a metodologia propensity score matching para controlar por fatores de confusão referentes às diferenças socioeconômicas e demográficas entre os distritos. RESULTADOS: A diferença entre a mortalidade de distritos desiguais e mais igualitários foi estatisticamente significativa para homicídios (8,57 por 10.000 residentes [IC95% 2,60; 14,53], doença isquêmica do coração (5,47 por 10.000 [IC95% 0,76; 10,17], aids (3,58 por 10.000 [IC95% 0,58; 6,57] e doenças respiratórias (3,56 por 10.000 [IC95% 0,18; 6,94]. As dez causas básicas mais frequentes foram responsáveis por 72,3% do total da diferença. A mortalidade infantil também foi estatisticamente maior para distritos mais desiguais (2,80 por 10.000 [IC95% 0,86; 4,74], assim como mortalidade masculina (27,37 por 10.000 [IC95% 6,19; 48,55] e feminina (15,07 por 10.000 [IC95% 3,65; 26,48]. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados encontrados estão de acordo com o esperado pela teoria da renda relativa. A mortalidade por todas as causas básicas analisadas foi maior em distritos mais desiguais depois do uso da metodologia do propensity score matching. Estudos sobre a desigualdade de renda realizados

Cognitive Performance and Mood Following Ingestion of a Theacrine-Containing Dietary Supplement, Caffeine, or Placebo by Young Men and Women.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuhman, Daniel J; Joyner, Keanan J; Bloomer, Richard J

2015-11-19

Theacrine is a purine alkaloid found primarily in the leaves of the Camellia Kucha plant and is now included within dietary supplements. To compare the effects of a theacrine-containing dietary supplement with caffeine and placebo on energy and mood, as well as objective measures of cognitive performance, heart rate, and blood pressure, 10 healthy men (20.8 ± 0.7 years) and 10 healthy women (22.2 ± 1.1 years) ingested the dietary supplement TheaTrim (Purus Labs; containing a branded form of theacrine (Teacrine™) and caffeine (150 mg)), caffeine only (150 mg), or a placebo on three different days, separated by approximately one week. Before, and for up to 4 h following, ingestion of the assigned condition, subjects completed a subjective assessment of energy and mood, as well as tests of cognitive performance (trail making test (TMT), digit symbol substitution test (DSST)), and reaction time. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured. No condition or interaction effects were noted for TMT, DSST, or reaction time, despite a trend for improvement in selected variables with both TheaTrim and caffeine treatment. Condition effects or trends were noted for subjective feelings, with values for attentive, alert, focused, and energetic higher for TheaTrim than for placebo and caffeine, while values for lethargic and groggy were lower for TheaTrim than for placebo and caffeine. Heart rate and blood pressure were largely unaffected by treatment. These data indicate that TheaTrim treatment does not result in a statistically significant improvement in cognitive performance but may favorably impact multiple subjective feelings related to energy and mood.

Leaching Characteristics of Uranium And Copper from Their Mineralization in the Carbonate Rich latosol of Abu-Thor Locality, South Western Sinai, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Sheikh, E.M.; Ghazala, R.A.; Abdelwarith, A.; Salem, F.; Ali, S.

2015-01-01

The chemical processing of the poly-mineralized carbonate rich latosol ore occurring at Abu-Thor locality of south western Sinai area has been studied for the recovery of uranium and copper metal values. A technological sample assaying 700 ppm U and 9.7% Cu was collected. In the present study, two successive percolation leaching procedures were performed after determination of optimum leaching factors by agitation leaching process. The first was carried out for uranium recovery by using urea as organic leaching agent which was possible to achieve leaching efficiency exceeding 90.3%. This procedure was followed by a second one for copper recovery using ammonium hydroxide solution and ammonium carbonate. The obtained dissolution efficiency was about 93%. The leached metal values namely U and Cu from the studied ore were then extracted as marketable products in the form of ammonium diuranate and copper sulphate, respectively.

Population status, demography and habitat preferences of the threatened lipstick palm Cyrtostachys renda Blume in Kerumutan Reserve, Sumatra

Science.gov (United States)

Widyatmoko, Didik; Burgman, Mark A.; Guhardja, Edi; Mogea, Johanis P.; Walujo, Eko B.; Setiadi, Dede

2005-09-01

Population status and demography of a population of the threatened lipstick palm Cyrtostachys renda in a peat swamp ecosystem of Kerumutan Reserve, Sumatra (one of the largest remaining populations) was documented at 16 different sites, covering a wide range of forest and habitat types, vegetation associations, and population sizes. Population sizes were dominated by suckers comprising 89% of the total population. Individuals with stem heights between 0 and 4 m (47.5%), stem diameters between 4 and 10 cm (82.0%), and leaf scar numbers between 0 and 60 (69.2%) dominated. Ages of individuals were estimated and used to fit a curvilinear relationship between age and stem height. Wild plants reach reproductive maturity within 25-30 years, or when they have stem heights in excess of 2.0 m, or when they have 15-25 leaf scars. They can survive more than 80 years. Cultivated plants appear to reproduce earlier and produce more seeds than wild plants. Individual growth was plant size-dependent with the adult stage being the most productive. Higher mortality was experienced by suckers, especially in continuously waterlogged conditions and locations with dense canopies. Sucker growth was faster than seedling growth, an adaptation that may allow the species to cope with periodically waterlogged conditions. Population abundances varied with habitat types; well-drained areas were the most suitable habitat. To conserve the most important remaining populations of the lipstick palm, it is crucial to protect well-drained sites in Kerumutan Reserve.

Multivariate Linear Regression and CART Regression Analysis of TBM Performance at Abu Hamour Phase-I Tunnel

Science.gov (United States)

Jakubowski, J.; Stypulkowski, J. B.; Bernardeau, F. G.

2017-12-01

The first phase of the Abu Hamour drainage and storm tunnel was completed in early 2017. The 9.5 km long, 3.7 m diameter tunnel was excavated with two Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) Tunnel Boring Machines from Herrenknecht. TBM operation processes were monitored and recorded by Data Acquisition and Evaluation System. The authors coupled collected TBM drive data with available information on rock mass properties, cleansed, completed with secondary variables and aggregated by weeks and shifts. Correlations and descriptive statistics charts were examined. Multivariate Linear Regression and CART regression tree models linking TBM penetration rate (PR), penetration per revolution (PPR) and field penetration index (FPI) with TBM operational and geotechnical characteristics were performed for the conditions of the weak/soft rock of Doha. Both regression methods are interpretable and the data were screened with different computational approaches allowing enriched insight. The primary goal of the analysis was to investigate empirical relations between multiple explanatory and responding variables, to search for best subsets of explanatory variables and to evaluate the strength of linear and non-linear relations. For each of the penetration indices, a predictive model coupling both regression methods was built and validated. The resultant models appeared to be stronger than constituent ones and indicated an opportunity for more accurate and robust TBM performance predictions.

Sistema de informação geográfica para mapeamento da renda líquida aplicado no planejamento da agricultura irrigada Algorithm to mapping net income applied in irrigated agriculture planning

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Wilson A. Silva

2008-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um algoritmo na linguagem computacional MATLAB para aplicações em sistemas de informações geográficas, visando ao mapeamento da renda líquida maximizada de cultivos irrigados. O estudo foi desenvolvido para as culturas do maracujá, da cana-de-açúcar, do abacaxi e do mamão, em área de aproximadamente 2.500 ha, localizada no município de Campos dos Goytacazes, norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados de entrada do algoritmo foram informações edafoclimáticas, funções de resposta das culturas à água, dados de localização geográfica da área e índices econômicos referentes ao custo do processo produtivo. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o algoritmo desenvolvido se mostrou eficiente para o mapeamento da renda líquida de cultivos irrigados, sendo capaz de localizar áreas que apresentam maiores retornos econômicos.The objective of this work was to develop an algorithm in MATLAB computational language to be applied in geographical information systems to map net income irrigated crops to plan irrigated agriculture. The study was developed for the crops of passion fruit plant, sugarcane, pineapple and papaya, in an area of approximately 2,500 ha, at Campos dos Goytacazes, located at north of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The algorithm input data were: information about soil, climate, crop water response functions, geographical location and economical cost indexes of the productive process. The results allowed concluding that developed algorithm was efficient to map net income of irrigated crops, been able to locate areas that present larger economical net income.

Cultural Changes and Chronology from the Transition Late Bronze to Iron Age in Palestine: New Evidence from Tell Abu al-Kharaz, Jordan Valley

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fischer, P. M.

2012-01-01

The 12th century BCE was a period of turmoil in the Southern Levant. The Canaanite Late Bronze Age culture - during several hundred years dominated by Egypt - received quite abruptly strong influences from the Eastern Mediterranean. The bearer of these new cultural elements, the so called Sea Peoples who included the Philistines, settled in Palestine after attacking Egypt. The changes that took place in Palestine are best reflected in the material culture which demonstrates Aegean and Cypriote elements. The exact date of their arrival in Palestine is a matter of recurrent discussion but the majority of scholars agree that it happened in the 12th century BCE. Philistine culture is usually associated with the area around today's Gaza. Nevertheless, the current excavations at Tell Abu al- Kharaz in the Transjordanian Jordan Valley provide evidence of Eastern Mediterranean/Philistine culture and a number of radiocarbon dates from first class find contexts. (author)

Isotopic Investigation to Reveal Origin and Recharge of Groundwater in Liwa Area, Western Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

AlKatheeri, E. S.; Murad, A. A.; Howari, F. M.

2007-01-01

Liwa area is located in the Western Region of the Abu Dhabi Emirate in UAE. Environmental isotopes namely 2 H , 1 8O and 3 H were used to study the Quaternary aquifer in the aforementioned area. The analyses indicate that groundwater samples obtained from the study area have significant variation of isotopic content. The range of δ2 H is from -17 to 16.5, while the δ1 8O is ranging from +1.07 to +6.05. This large variation in both oxygen and hydrogen contents may be related to different origin of groundwater. δ2 H - δ1 8O relationship points to potential evaporation of recharged water prior to infiltration as observed from the slope of 4 and y-intercept of about 9. The reported results demonstrate that investigated aquifer is recharged from high elevation source which is Northern Oman Mountains, as seen from the distribution of the samples relative to the LMWL. Groundwater samples have been classified based on their depth to shallow-medium aquifer and deep aquifer. Samples from deeper aquifer have depleted values of isotopes and this indicates that deep groundwater is ancient and originated from rains of different climatic regime.

GIS-modelling of the spatial variability of flash flood hazard in Abu Dabbab catchment, Red Sea Region, Egypt

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Islam Abou El-Magd

2010-06-01

Full Text Available In the mountainous area of the Red Sea region in southeastern Egypt, the development of new mining activities or/and domestic infrastructures require reliable and accurate information about natural hazards particularly flash flood. This paper presents the assessment of flash flood hazards in the Abu Dabbab drainage basin. Remotely sensed data were used to delineate the alluvial active channels, which were integrated with morphometric parameters extracted from digital elevation models (DEM into geographical information systems (GIS to construct a hydrological model that provides estimates about the amount of surface runoff as well as the magnitude of flash floods. The peak discharge is randomly varied at different cross-sections along the main channel. Under consistent 10 mm rainfall event, the selected cross-section in middle of the main channel is prone to maximum water depth at 80 cm, which decreases to nearly 30 cm at the outlet due to transmission loss. The estimation of spatial variability of flow parameters within the catchment at different confluences of the constituting sub-catchments can be considered and used in planning for engineering foundations and linear infrastructures with the least flash flood hazard. Such information would, indeed, help decision makers and planning to minimize such hazards.

Shams 1 - Design and operational experiences of the 100MW - 540°C CSP plant in Abu Dhabi

Science.gov (United States)

Alobaidli, Abdulaziz; Sanz, Borja; Behnke, Klaus; Witt, Thomas; Viereck, Detlef; Schwarz, Mark André

2017-06-01

SHAMS 1 ("Shams" means "Sun" in Arabic) Concentrated Solar Power plant is a very successful example of a modern plant, which combines the known configuration of a parabolic trough technology with the well-established power generation technologies operated at 540°C live steam temperature while respecting the specific requirement of the daily starts and shutdowns. In addition to the high live steam temperature challenge and being located in the middle of the desert approx. 120 km south west of the city of Abu Dhabi, the plant has to face, the plant has to fact several atmospheric challenges like the high dust concentration, wind storms, and high ambient temperature. This paper, written jointly by Shams Power Company - the project and operating company and MAN Diesel & Turbo - the steam turbine original manufacturer, describes the challenges in optimizing the design of the steam turbine to fulfill the requirement of fast start up while operating the plant on daily transient pattern for minimum 30 years. It also addresses the several atmospheric challenges and how the project and operating company has overcame them. Finally, the paper gives a snap shot on the operational experience and record of the plant showing that despite the very challenging environment, the budgeted target has been exceeded in the first two years of operation.

Antioxidant activity and mineral composition of three Mediterranean common seaweeds from Abu-Qir Bay, Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

Khairy, Hanan M.; El-Sheikh, Mohamed A.

2015-01-01

Antioxidant activity and mineral composition were evaluated seasonally from spring to autumn 2010 in the three common seaweeds Ulva lactuca Linnaeus (Chlorophyta), Jania rubens (Linnaeus) J.V. Lamouroux and Pterocladia capillacea (S.G. Gmelin) Bornet (Rhodophyta). The antioxidant activity was measured with β-carotene, total phenol content and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Seaweeds were collected from the rocky site near Boughaz El-Maadya Abu-Qir Bay of Alexandria, Egypt. The results showed maximum increase of β-carotene in P. capillacea during summer. A significant increase in total phenolic content at P ⩽ 0.05 was found in the red alga (J. rubens) during summer. Also, U. lactuca showed the maximum antioxidant scavenging activity especially during summer. Minerals in all investigated samples were higher than those in conventional edible vegetables. Na/K ratio ranged between 0.78 and 2.4 mg/100 g, which is a favorable value. All trace metals exceeded the recommended doses by Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI). During summer season, it was found that Cu = 2.02 ± 0.13 and Cr = 0.46 ± 0.14 mg/100 g in U. lactuca and Fe had a suitable concentration (18.37 ± 0.5 mg/100 g) in P. capillacea. The studied species were rich in carotenoids, phenolic compounds, DPPH free radicals and minerals, therefore, they can be used as potential source of health food in human diets and may be of use to food industry. PMID:26288568

Converting the organic fraction of solid waste from the city of Abu Dhabi to valuable products via dark fermentation--Economic and energy assessment.

Science.gov (United States)

Bonk, Fabian; Bastidas-Oyanedel, Juan-Rodrigo; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye

2015-06-01

Landfilling the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) leads to greenhouse gas emissions and loss of valuable resources. Sustainable and cost efficient solutions need to be developed to solve this problem. This study evaluates the feasibility of using dark fermentation (DF) to convert the OFMSW to volatile fatty acids (VFAs), fertilizer and H2. The VFAs in the DF effluent can be used directly as substrate for subsequent bioprocesses or purified from the effluent for industrial use. DF of the OFMSW in Abu Dhabi will be economically sustainable once VFA purification can be accomplished on large scale for less than 15USD/m(3)(effluent). With a VFA minimum selling price of 330 USD/tCOD, DF provides a competitive carbon source to sugar. Furthermore, DF is likely to use less energy than conventional processes that produce VFAs, fertilizer and H2. This makes DF of OFMSW a promising waste treatment technology and biorefinery platform. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Prevalência e fatores associados à consulta médica entre adultos de uma comunidade de baixa renda do Sul do Brasil

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Gisele Alsina Nader Bastos

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência de consultas médicas, nos três meses que antecederam à entrevista, em adultos de 20 anos ou mais, de uma comunidade de baixa renda, do Sul do Brasil, em 2O09. MÉTODOS: foi realizado estudo transversal, com análise ajustada por meio de Regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de consulta médica nos 3.391 entrevistados foi 76,2% (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% (IC95% 74,8; 77,6% no último ano e 64,8% (IC95% 63,0; 66,7% nos últimos três meses, maior entre as mulheres (67,8% do que entre os homens (60,2% (p<0,001. Na análise ajustada, para homens, o desfecho associou-se mais fortemente: ao aumento de idade (p=0,001 e autopercepção de saúde ruim/ muito ruim (p<0,001. Entre mulheres, ao aumento da idade (p=0,001, possuir médico de referência (p=0,001, local usual de atendimento (p<0,001 e morbidades (p= 0,001. CONCLUSÕES: a diferença na utilização de consultas deve ser considerada no planejamento e organização do acesso.

Hydrology of the coastal sabkhas of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Sanford, Ward; Wood, Warren

2001-05-01

Water fluxes were estimated and a water budget developed for the land surface and a surficial 10-m-deep section of the coastal sabkhas that extend from the city of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, west to the border with Saudi Arabia. The fluxes were estimated on the basis of water levels and hydraulic conductivities measured in wells and evaporation rates measured with a humidity chamber. In contrast with conceptual models proposed in earlier studies, groundwater inflow is estimated to be small, whereas the largest components of the water budget are recharge from rainfall and evaporation from the water table. Estimates within a rectilinear volume of sabkha, defined as 1 m wide by 10 km long by 10 m deep, indicate that about 1 m3/year of water enters and exits by lateral groundwater flow; 40-50 m3/year enters by upward leakage; and 640 m3/year enters by recharge from rainfall. Based on the water and solute fluxes estimated for the upward leakage into the sabkha, 7-8 pore volumes of brine have entered the sabkha from below since the time the sabkha became saturated (7,000 years ago) as a result of the last global sea-level rise. Résumé. Les flux d'eau ont été estimés et le bilan hydrique a été réalisé pour la surface et les dix premiers mètres sous la surface de sebkhas littorales qui s'étendent à partir de la ville d'Abou Dhabi (Émirats Arabes Unis) à l'ouest de la frontière avec l'Arabie Saoudite. Les flux ont été estimés à partir des niveaux piézométriques et des conductivités hydrauliques mesurés dans les puits et à partir de mesures d'évaporation au moyen de capteurs d'humidité. En opposition avec les modèles conceptuels proposés dans les premières études, on estime que les apports par les eaux souterraines sont faibles, alors que les termes du bilan hydrique les plus importants sont la recharge par la pluie et l'évaporation à partir de la nappe. Les estimations dans un parallélépipède rectangle de sebkha, d'1 m de large, de

Beyond the income inequality hypothesis and human health: a worldwide exploration Más allá de la hipótesis de desigualdad en el ingreso e influenciar la salud humana: una exploración mundial Além da hipótese de desigualdade de renda e influência na saúde humana: uma exploração global

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Alvaro J Idrovo

2010-08-01

, el capital social (medido por el Índice de Percepción de Corrupción o la confianza generalizada y el régimen político (medido por el Indice de Libertad, las variables independientes. El Indice de Percepción de Corrupción (un indicador indirecto del capital social fue usado para incluir más países en desarrollo en el análisis. Fueron calculados los coeficientes de correlación de Spearman entre el índice de Gini con las demás variables independientes. El análisis de trayectoria fue realizado para evaluar el efecto de la desigualdad de renta, de los proxys de capital social y del régimen político en la esperanza de vida. RESULTADOS: Los coeficientes de trayectoria sugieren que la desigualdad en la renta tiene un mayor impacto directo sobre la esperanza de vida al nacer que a través del capital social. El régimen político actúa sobre la esperanza de vida al nacer a través de la desigualdad en el ingreso. CONCLUSIONES: La desigualdad en la renta y el capital social tienen efectos directos sobre la esperanza de vida al nacer. El modelo de régimen de "clase/bienestar" puede ser útil para entender las desigualdades sociales y de salud entre países, mientras que la "hipótesis de desigualdad en la renta" es solo una aproximación parcial útil para analizar diferencias dentro de cada país.OBJETIVO: Analisar se a relação entre a desigualdade de renda e a saúde humana é mediada pelo capital social, assim como a influência do regime político na distribuição de renda nos países. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico de trajetórias utilizando dados transversais de 110 países. A variável de desfecho foi a esperança de vida ao nascer; as variáveis independentes foram: desigualdade de renda (medida pelo índice de Gini, capital social (medido pelo índice de percepção de corrupção ou confiança generalizada e regime político (medido pelo Índice de Liberdade. O Índice de Percepção de Corrupção (um indicador indireto do capital social foi usado

Produção de milho híbrido no Estado do Ceará: aspectos tecnológicos, competitivos, geração de emprego e renda

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Denise Michele Furtado da Silva

2006-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar o Programa de Milho Híbrido considerando-se a competitividade, o nível tecnológico, a geração de emprego e renda no Estado do Ceará. A pesquisa foi realizada nos municípios com maiores produções de milho híbrido na região do Estado do Ceará (Iguatú, Milagres e Capistrano. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos junto aos produtores de milho, através de entrevistas diretas. Foram calculados os índices tecnológicos de cada tecnologia e conjunto de tecnologias utilizado pelos produtores de milho híbrido. Foram calculados os indicadores de rentabilidade como margem bruta, lucro operacional e índices de lucratividade. As tecnologias de controle de mato, semente, e desbaste apresentaram maior contribuição no índice tecnológico geral da produção de milho híbrido, enquanto a tecnologia de pós-colheita teve menor participação neste índice. A renda média, por hectare, com milho híbrido em todos os municípios é superior a do milho variedade. Os indicadores analisados mostram que a cultura de milho híbrido é rentável e que os produtores pesquisados são competitivos.The main objective of this article was to analyse the hybrid corn program considering competitiveness, techonology level, creation of job opportunities and income in the state of Ceará. The research was conducting in the main hybrid corn producing counties (Iguatú, Milagres e Capistrano. The data were obtained by interviewing corn producing farmers. Technology index for each technology as well as for all the tecnonologies as a group, used by corn farmers, was calculated. The rentability indicators such as gross profit, operational profit and profitability index were determined. The technologies of weed control, seed quality and thinning of crop contributed more in the formation of general technology index of hybrid corn production, where as the technology of after harvesting had the lowest participation in the construction

3D stratigraphic forward modelling of Shu'aiba Platform stratigraphy in the Bu Hasa Field, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, J.; Lokier, S. W.

2012-04-01

This paper presents the results of three dimensional sequence stratigraphic forward modelling of the Aptian age Shu'aiba Formation from Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The Shu'aiba Formation lies within the uppermost part of the Lower Cretaceous Thamama Group and forms one of the most prolific hydrocarbon reservoir intervals of the Middle East with production dating back to the 1960's. The Shu'aiba Formation developed as a series of laterally-extensive shallow-water carbonate platforms in an epeiric sea that extended over the northern margin of the African-Arabian Plate. This shallow sea was bounded by the Arabian Shield to the west and the passive margin with the Neo-Tethys Ocean towards the north and east (Droste, 2010). The exposed Arabian Shield acted as a source of siliciclastic sediments to westernmost regions, however, more offshore areas were dominated by shallow-water carbonate deposition. Carbonate production was variously dominated by Lithocodium-Baccinella, orbitolinid foraminifera and rudist bivalves depending on local conditions. While there have been numerous studies of this important stratigraphic interval (for examples see van Buchem et al., 2010), there has been little attempt to simulate the sequence stratigraphic development of the formation. During the present study modelling was undertaken utilising the CARBONATE-3D stratigraphic forward modelling software (Warrlich et al., 2008; Warrlich et al., 2002)) thus allowing for the control of a diverse range of internal and external parameters on carbonate sequence development. This study focuses on platform development in the onshore Bu Hasa Field - the first giant oilfield to produce from the Shu'aiba Formation in Abu Dhabi. The carbonates of the Bu Hasa field were deposited on the southwest slope of the intra-shelf Bab Basin, siliciclastic content is minor. Initially these carbonates were algal dominated with rudist mounds becoming increasingly important over time (Alsharhan, 1987

Frailty in community-dwelling older people in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study

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Saleha Jaber Al-Kuwaiti

2015-11-01

Full Text Available BackgroundFrailty describes the ageing-associated loss of physiological and psychological reserves leading to an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Many developed countries view frailty as a major priority for their health and social care systems. Less is known about frailty in less-developed countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of frailty in a sample of community dwelling older people in the United Arab Emirates.MethodsThis was a cross sectional study of community dwelling Emirati adults aged 55 years and older (n=160 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Data was collected at interview by questionnaire and physical measurements. Frailty was defined according to the criteria of the Fried Frailty Index. The prevalence of frailty and its association with selected independent variables was assessed.ResultsThe overall prevalence of frailty (95% CI was 47% (39-55. Higher levels of frailty were seen in older age groups, women, those who were non-married, those with recent hospital admission, those with co-morbid conditions, those on more than five medications and those with lower forced expiratory volume and mini-mental state examination score. After adjustment in a multiple logistic regression model only age and gender were found to be independently associated with frailty.ConclusionA high prevalence of frailty was found amongst older Emiratis. Given that frailty is associated with adverse health outcomes and can be a means of identifying opportunities for intervention in clinical practice and health policy, further attention and consideration within professional and public health policy circles is needed.

Abu Sada Caroline, ONG palestiniennes et construction étatique. L'expérience de Palestinian Agricultural Relief Committees (PARC dans les Territoires occupés palestiniens, 1983-2005, Institut Français du Proche-Orient, Beyrouth, 2007, 252 p.

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Vincent Romani

2009-09-01

Full Text Available For more than one reason, Caroline Abu Sada's book is seminal. First of all, her work studies the re-shaping of polity inside the Palestinian society since the second Intifada. Based on the authors' PhD dissertation, this book contributes to the limited works on political sociology addressing post-Oslo Palestine (after 2000. This book is also promising in terms of methodology, claiming to conduct a ''bottom-up'' approach looking at a society still over-analyzed in terms of polemology, elites...

Saksamaa ida kutsub / Thea Karin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karin, Thea

2011-01-01

Endise Ida-Saksamaa aladel asuvate linnade Dessau-Rosslau ja Chemnitzi (endine Karl-Marx-Stadti) vaatamisväärsustest, s.h UNESCO kultuuripärandisse kuuluvatest Wörlitz-Dessau parkidest ja Bauhausi kompleksist

Austria peidetud aarded / Thea Karin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karin, Thea

2013-01-01

Linzi ja Grazi vaatamisväärsustest, arhitektuurist, toidust s.h maailma vanimast tordist - Linzer torte'st. Langenloisis asuvast Wine&Spa Resort Loisium arhitektihotellist, kus Aveda Destination Spas pakutakse koostöös kosmeetikatootja Vinoble Cosmetics'iga viinamarjatoodetel põhinevaid kehahoolitsusi

THE GENIUS LOCI AT THE GREAT TEMPLE OF ABU SIMBEL: HERMENEUTIC READING IN THE ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN TEMPLES OF RAMSES II IN NUBIA

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Nelly Ramzy

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Archaeologists have long wondered about the Temple of Abu Simbel: its location within the Nubian territory far from major Egyptian cities, and its unique design. Utilizing the hermeneutic process of understanding the whole from the parts and then situating the whole within a bigger whole (context, this study is a trial to arrive at a better interpretation of this monument. Drawing on the characteristic analysis of the temple's Genius Loci as developed by Norberg-Schulz, as well as on Heidegger's anticipatory fore-structures, the study goes on to show that both of the location and the unique structure of the temple were the outcome of political and conceptual aspects of the period, more than being a religious tradition. Reaching this conclusion, another goal had been achieved, where the validity of hermeneutic analyses as a useful tool for discovering new dimensions about historical monuments and archaeological sites had been attested.

Impact of stylolitization on diagenesis of a Lower Cretaceous carbonate reservoir from a giant oilfield, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Paganoni, Matteo; Al Harthi, Amena; Morad, Daniel; Morad, Sadoon; Ceriani, Andrea; Mansurbeg, Howri; Al Suwaidi, Aisha; Al-Aasm, Ihsan S.; Ehrenberg, Stephen N.; Sirat, Manhal

2016-04-01

Bed-parallel stylolites are a widespread diagenetic feature in Lower Cretaceous limestone reservoirs, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Diagenetic calcite, dolomite, kaolin and small amounts of pyrite, fluorite, anhydrite and sphalerite occur along and in the vicinity of the stylolites. Petrographic observations, negative δ18OVPDB, fluid inclusion microthermometry, and enrichment in 87Sr suggest that these cements have precipitated from hot basinal brines, which migrated along the stylolites and genetically related microfractures (tension gashes). Fluid migration was presumably related to lateral tectonic compression events related to the foreland basin formation. The low solubility of Al3 + in formation waters suggests that kaolin precipitation was linked to derivation of organic acids during organic matter maturation, probably in siliciclastic source rocks. The mass released from stylolitization was presumably re-precipitated as macro- and microcrystalline calcite cement in the host limestones. The flanks of the oilfield (water zone) display more frequent presence and higher amplitude of stylolites, lower porosity and permeability, higher homogenization temperatures and more radiogenic composition of carbonates compared to the crest (oil zone). This indicates that oil emplacement retards diagenesis. This study demonstrates that stylolitization plays a crucial role in fluid flow and diagenesis of carbonate reservoirs during basin evolution.

Impacto das crises de sibilância em crianças de 0 a 3 anos de uma área de baixa renda no sul do Brasil = Impact of wheezing episodes in children 0 to 3 years old from a low-income area in Southern Brazil

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Costa, Sofia Bezerra de Oliveira

2013-01-01

Conclusões: Este estudo mostrou que a prevalência de sibilância foi alta entre as crianças pequenas atendidas em um centro de saúde de uma região de baixa renda da cidade de Porto Alegre, sendo que os primeiros sintomas geralmente ocorreram durante os primeiros dois anos de vida. Além disso, alta frequência de uso de medicamentos e internação hospitalar demonstram o impacto da doença pulmonar obstrutiva neste grupo etário

Escherichia coli Isolates Causing Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Catheterized and Noncatheterized Individuals Possess Similar Virulence Properties

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Watts, Rebecca E; Hancock, Viktoria; Ong, Cheryl-lynn Y

2010-01-01

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infectious diseases of humans, with Escherichia coli being responsible for >80% of all cases. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) occurs when bacteria colonize the urinary tract without causing clinical symptoms and can affect both catheterized...... patients (catheter-associated ABU [CA-ABU]) and noncatheterized patients. Here, we compared the virulence properties of a collection of ABU and CA-ABU nosocomial E. coli isolates in terms of antibiotic resistance, phylogenetic grouping, specific UTI-associated virulence genes, hemagglutination...

The impact of Lighting on Vandalism in Hot Climates: The Case of the Abu Shagara Vandalised Corridor in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

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Emad Mushtaha

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This study mainly discusses how the immature behaviour of a part of the society, resulting in vandalism, affects the building aesthetics and design features in the districts of the city of Sharjah, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE. Initially explaining the term “vandalism” in itself, this study goes on to debate on the reasons behind vandalism, its different types, and its effects on the environment. Throughout the discussion, studies of the relationship between vandalism and reflectivity are examined, considering how the characteristics and features of the buildings affect vandalism. Three methodology tools were used: a questionnaire, an Integrated Environmental Solution Virtual Environment (IESVE software program, and illuminance measurements. Simulation scenarios of the current situation of Abu Shagara were performed, which took into account several options with respect to wall material, flooring material, and types of lighting. All in all, ten simulation cases were conducted and compared, which allowed the identification of the best simulation scenario. The type of lighting had a greater impact on the simulation scenario results than the type of wall and flooring materials. The type of lighting varied as per its polar grid and light distribution.

Ekstraksi Kalium dari Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit Sebagai Katalis Pada Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit

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Mohammad Imaduddin

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Process of the transesterification reaction of palm oil with methanol by using ash of palm empty fruit bunches (EFB as base catalyst has been conducted. The studied variables were effect of weight ash of EFB (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 g and the molar ratio (3:1; 6:1; 9:1; and 12:1 of methanol to palm oil. Sample of ash was prepared through heating, screening, and reashing. A certain amount of ash was extracted in methanol with mixing for about 1 h at room temperature and the product was used as catlayst for transesterification process. The composition of the methyl esters (biodiesel was analyzed using GC-MS and 1H NMR, whereas characters of biodiesel were analyzed using ASTM methods. The results of AAS analysis showed that potassium carbonate content in ash of EFB was 25.92% w/w. The main components of biodiesel were mixture of methyl palmitate and methyl oleat as the major compounds. The increasing of EFB ash weight (catalyst concentration in reaction of transesterification enhanced the biodiesel conversion of 53.0; 76.9; 88.2; 90.5 and 97.8% (w/w respectively. The increasing of the molar ratio of methanol to palm oil, the biodiesel conversion enhanced too, that were 74.0; 90.5; 92.3 and 98.8% (w/w respectively. The properties of biodiesel were relatively conformed with specification of biodiesel (ASTM D 6751. © 2008 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserved.(Received: 25th September 2008, Accepted: 5th October 2008[How to Cite: M. Imaduddin, Y. Yoeswono, I. Tahir. (2008. Ekstraksi Kalium dari Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit Sebagai Katalis Pada Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis, 3 (1-3: 14-20.  doi:10.9767/bcrec.3.1-3.7119.14-20][How to Link/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.3.1-3.7119.14-20 || or local:  http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/7119][Cited by: Scopus 1 | ] 

Desnutrição e obesidade em crianças: delineamento do perfil de uma comunidade de baixa renda Obesity and malnutrition in children: profile of a low-income community

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Maria Eugênia F.A. Motta

2001-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: fazer o diagnóstico nutricional através da avaliação antropométrica de crianças residentes em uma comunidade de baixa renda, detectando os estados extremos: nutrição insuficiente (peso baixo para a idade, peso baixo para a estatura e retardo de crescimento linear e excessiva (sobrepeso e obesidade. MÉTODOS: foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal. A partir de um censo, identificaram-se as crianças menores de 11 anos residentes em uma comunidade de baixa renda, das quais foram aferidos o peso e a estatura (ou comprimento. Utilizou-se a curva de referência do National Center for Health Statistics. Os pontos de corte adotados foram: +2 escore z para sobrepeso e obesidade, respectivamente, ambos de acordo com o indicador peso/estatura. RESULTADOS: as prevalências encontradas foram 3,8% de peso baixo para a idade e 24% de risco para peso baixo para a idade; 1,2% de peso baixo para a estatura e 21,6% de risco para peso baixo para a estatura; 5% de retardo de crescimento linear e 14,3% de risco para retardo de crescimento linear; 10,1% de sobrepeso e 4,6% de obesidade. CONCLUSÕES: os principais desvios nutricionais foram detectados nas crianças daquela comunidade, ressaltando-se a ocorrência concomitante de desnutrição crônica e obesidade, em percentuais semelhantes.OBJECTIVE: To establish the nutritional diagnosis of children living in a low-income community through anthropometric evaluation, detecting insufficient nutrition (low weight-for-age, wasting and stunting and excessive nutrition (overweight and obesity. METHODS: A community-based survey identified children below 11 years living in a low-income community. Their weight and height (or lengths were measured. The National Center for Health Statistics growth curve was used as reference. The cut-off points used were: low-weight-for-age z score of +2, according to weight-for-height. RESULTS: Prevalence rates were 3.8% for low weight for age, and 24% for low

Asymptomatic bacteriuria, to screen or not to screen - and when to treat?

Science.gov (United States)

Cai, Tommaso; Koves, Bela; Johansen, Truls E Bjerklund

2017-03-01

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is a common clinical condition that often leads to unnecessary treatment. The purpose of this review is to outline and evaluate the most recent literature on the management of ABU. The role of ABU management has been evaluated in several patient subgroups: healthy patients without identified risk factors, pregnant women, postmenopausal women, women with recurrent UTI, patients with diabetes, elderly institutionalized patients, patients with renal transplants, patients with indwelling catheters and prior to surgery. Available evidence only supports the need for screening and treatment of ABU in pregnant women and prior to urological procedures breaching the mucosa. In all the other conditions the treatment of ABU is not only useless but also harmful. A short course treatment in pregnant women is recommended; in patients with ABU prior to urological procedures breaching the mucosa the treatment should be given in line with antibiogram and in line with the recommendations of European Association of Urology guidelines. The approach to patients with ABU has changed completely during recent years. Today, screening and treatment of ABU is recommended only in pregnant women and in all patients who are candidates for urological procedures breaching the mucosa.

Pemanfaatan Residu Pembakaran Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga

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Eko Naryono

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Pembakaran sampah organik rumah tangga menghasilkan residu padat 25-30% yang terdiri dari abu bawah (BA, abu atas (FA dan kondensat air yang mengandung tar. Abu bawah sebagian besar terdiri dari bahan anorganik seperti Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cl dan logam berat antara lain Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb dan Zn, sedangkan abu atas tersusun dari bahan organik dan anorganik. Bahan organik yang terdapat dalam residu antara lain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH, chloro benzene (CB, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioksin (PCDD dan furan (PCDF. Residu pembakaran biomass perlu diolah atau dimanfaatkan agar tidak mengganggu lingkungan. Salah satu metode pengolahan yang mudah diterapkan dan aman terhadap lingkungan adalah pemadatan dan stabilisasi menggunakan semen atau lempung sebagai binder. Pemanfaatan produk ini dapat digunakan untuk batako atau batu bata. Berdasarkan prediksi, pembakaran sampah kota Malang sebesar 400 ton/hari menghasilkan abu 72 ton/hari. Pemakaian abu sebesar 25% pada pembuatan batako dengan perbandingan semen : pasir : abu sebesar 3,75 : 30 : 1,25 dapat menghasilkan batako setiap hari 366545 buah. Kata kunci : Abu, Batako, Residu, Pemadatan, Sampah organik rumah tangga

Biocompatible Materials Based on Self-Assembling Peptides on Ti25Nb10Zr Alloy: Molecular Structure and Organization Investigated by Synchrotron Radiation Induced Techniques

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Valeria Secchi

2018-03-01

Full Text Available In this work, we applied advanced Synchrotron Radiation (SR induced techniques to the study of the chemisorption of the Self Assembling Peptide EAbuK16, i.e., H-Abu-Glu-Abu-Glu-Abu-Lys-Abu-Lys-Abu-Glu-Abu-Glu-Abu-Lys-Abu-Lys-NH2 that is able to spontaneously aggregate in anti-parallel β-sheet conformation, onto annealed Ti25Nb10Zr alloy surfaces. This synthetic amphiphilic oligopeptide is a good candidate to mimic extracellular matrix for bone prosthesis, since its β-sheets stack onto each other in a multilayer oriented nanostructure with internal pores of 5–200 nm size. To prepare the biomimetic material, Ti25Nb10Zr discs were treated with aqueous solutions of EAbuK16 at different pH values. Here we present the results achieved by performing SR-induced X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (SR-XPS, angle-dependent Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS spectroscopy, FESEM and AFM imaging on Ti25Nb10Zr discs after incubation with self-assembling peptide solution at five different pH values, selected deliberately to investigate the best conditions for peptide immobilization.

Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition of some common seaweed species from the coast of Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt

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Hanan M. Khairy

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Variations in protein, carbohydrate, lipid, ash, moisture, fatty acid and aminoacid contents of the seaweeds Ulva lactuca Linnaeus (Chlorophyta,Jania rubens (Linnaeus J.V. Lamouroux and Pterocladia capillacea (S.G. Gmelin Bornet(Rhodophyta were studied seasonally from spring to autumn 2010. The seaweeds were collected from a rocky site near Boughaz El-Maadya on the coast of Abu Qir Bay east of Alexandria, Egypt. Remarkable seasonal variations were recorded in the levels of the studied parameters in the three species. Pterocladia capillacea was characterized by the highest protein andcarbohydrate content throughout the different seasons, whereas Ulva lactuca contained more lipids (4.09 ± 0.2% than J. rubens and P. capillacea. The highest total fatty acids were recorded in J. rubens during the three seasons, while saturated fatty acids were predominant in P. capillacea during spring. This is due mainly to the presence of palmitic acid(C16:0, which made up 74.3% of the saturated fatty acids. The highest level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA in these algae was measured in J. rubens; DHA (22:6ω3 was the main acid, making up 26.4% of the total fatty acids especiallyduring summer. Proline was the major component of the amino acids in the three algal species, with maximum amounts in U. lactuca.

Uranium extraction from ores with salicylic acid; I - uranium extraction from input phosphate ore of Abu Zaabal phosphate plant, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussein, E.M.

1997-01-01

Salicylic acid has been tested (for environmental importance) to extract U from input phosphate ore of Abu-Zaabal phosphate plant, Egypt prior to its processing for production of phosphatic fertilizers. Uranyl ion forms with this acid three stable complexes; namely [UO 2 Sal] degree, [U O 2 SaL 2 ] 2- and UO 2 SaL-3] 4- depending on the total uranyl and salicylic acid concentrations and their ratios. Study of relevant extraction factors revealed however that, the extraction process is controlled by the amount of salicylic acid used, alcohol/aqueous ratio, solid/liquid ratio and time of agitation. The obtained results showed that uranium is selectively leached by the application of such a leaching reagent. In order to recover U from the obtained pregnant leach liquor, the latter is adjusted by ammonia to PH 5-6.5, where the crystalline pp t of N H 4 [UO 2 SaL 3 ] 4 H 2 O has formed. This precipitation has been carried out after concentrating the obtained pregnant leach liquor by its recycle for U extraction from new ore batches. The precipitated ammonium uranyl tri salicylate is calcined at 500 degree C for obtaining pure orange yellow trioxide (UO 3 ) powder. On the basis of one ton ore treatment, an economic flowsheet for U recover y from the study ore material has been suggested

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Clinical Urological Practice: Preoperative Control of Bacteriuria and Management of Recurrent UTI

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Tommaso Cai

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU is a common clinical condition that often leads to unnecessary antimicrobial use. The reduction of antibiotic overuse for ABU is consequently an important issue for antimicrobial stewardship and to reduce the emergence of multidrug resistant strains. There are two issues in everyday urological practice that require special attention: the role of ABU in pre-operative prophylaxis and in women affected by recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs. Nowadays, this is the time to think over our practice and change our way of thinking. Here, we aimed to summarize the current literature knowledge in terms of ABU management in patients undergoing urological surgery and in patients with rUTIs. In the last years, the approach to patient with ABU has changed totally. Prior to all surgical procedures that do not enter the urinary tract, ABU is generally not considered as a risk factor, and screening and treatment are not considered necessary. On the other hand, in the case of all procedures entering the urinary tract, ABU should be treated in line with the results of a urine culture obtained before the procedure. In patients affected by rUTIs, ABU can even have a protective role in preventing symptomatic recurrence, particularly when Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis has been isolated.

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Clinical Urological Practice: Preoperative Control of Bacteriuria and Management of Recurrent UTI.

Science.gov (United States)

Cai, Tommaso; Mazzoli, Sandra; Lanzafame, Paolo; Caciagli, Patrizio; Malossini, Gianni; Nesi, Gabriella; Wagenlehner, Florian M E; Köves, Bela; Pickard, Robert; Grabe, Magnus; Bjerklund Johansen, Truls E; Bartoletti, Riccardo

2016-01-05

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is a common clinical condition that often leads to unnecessary antimicrobial use. The reduction of antibiotic overuse for ABU is consequently an important issue for antimicrobial stewardship and to reduce the emergence of multidrug resistant strains. There are two issues in everyday urological practice that require special attention: the role of ABU in pre-operative prophylaxis and in women affected by recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs). Nowadays, this is the time to think over our practice and change our way of thinking. Here, we aimed to summarize the current literature knowledge in terms of ABU management in patients undergoing urological surgery and in patients with rUTIs. In the last years, the approach to patient with ABU has changed totally. Prior to all surgical procedures that do not enter the urinary tract, ABU is generally not considered as a risk factor, and screening and treatment are not considered necessary. On the other hand, in the case of all procedures entering the urinary tract, ABU should be treated in line with the results of a urine culture obtained before the procedure. In patients affected by rUTIs, ABU can even have a protective role in preventing symptomatic recurrence, particularly when Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) has been isolated.

Hydrography, nutrients and plankton abundance in the hot spot of Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt

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N.E. ABDEL-AZIZ

2001-12-01

Full Text Available The hydrography, nutrient levels and plankton abundance were investigated monthly for a complete annual cycle in the southwestern part of Abu Qir Bay, the most polluted and biologically productive area on the Egyptian Mediterranean coast. Intense temporal and spatial variability was observed in all measured parameters characteristic of the effects of several effluents discharged into the bay. Based on the present investigation, the southwestern Bay can be divided ecologically and biologically into two parts: one including the near shore strip, which is directly affected by the waste waters, and a second comprising the southwestern part of the coastal strip and the offshore stations, both of which are relatively far away from the land-based effluents. The Bay water was characterized by low transparency (monthly average: 64-280 cm, dissolved oxygen (monthly average 2.0-6.8 mg/l and surface salinity (monthly average: 24.8-37.9 ppt, the highest limits usually being in the offshore section. Water fertility and plankton production were high in the Bay indicating an occasionally acute degree of eutrophication, particularly nearshore. Great variations occurred in the concentrations of nutrients throughout the year, with monthly averages of 0.8-50.88 mM for ammonia, 0.42-3.28 mM for nitrite, 1.29-17.36 mM for nitrate, 0.32-3.61 mM for reactive phosphate and 1.09-33.34 mM for reactive silicate. Similarly, the abundance of both phytoplankton and zooplankton showed pronounced temporal and spatial variability, whereas the monthly average chlorophyll-a fluctuated between 2.06 and 52.64 mg/l and zooplankton between 31x103 and 248.6x103 ind./m3. However, the absolute values of all parameters indicated remarkably wider ranges of variations. Significant correlation was found between chlorophyll-a and some ecological parameters like temperature, salinity, transparency, dissolved oxygen, nitrite and between zooplankton and temperature, while there was a significant

Detailed study of seismic wave attenuation from four oilfields in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Bouchaala, F.; Ali, M. Y.; Matsushima, J.

2018-02-01

In the present study, we provide a detailed study of seismic wave attenuation obtained from four oilfields. The reservoir zones of these oilfields are complicated due to complex fracture networks, the presence of tar mat and high heterogeneity of carbonate rocks of which the subsurface of Abu Dhabi is mainly composed. These complexities decrease signal-to-noise ratio and make attenuation estimation difficult. We obtained high-resolution attenuation profiles from vertical seismic profiling (VSP) and sonic waveform data. The VSP data were recorded in all four oilfields and the sonic data were acquired in the reservoir zones of oilfields I and IV. We found that the VSP scattering attenuation ({Q}{{S}{{c}}{{a}}{{t}}}-1) varies from -0.080 to 0.180 over a depth range of 400-3500 m. We attributed this significant scattering to the high heterogeneity of carbonate rocks. The scattering profiles seem to be sensitive to fractures, lithology heterogeneity and tar mat, but their effect is superimposed. The VSP intrinsic attenuation varies from -0.15 to 0.246 with high variation within each formation. Since intrinsic attenuation is closely related to fluids, we assumed that this variation is due to the non-uniform distribution of fluids caused by the complex porosity network of the subsurface. The sonic monopole attenuation ({Q}{{M}{{f}}}-1) in the reservoir zones ranges between 0.033-0.094 and dipole inline attenuation ({Q}{{I}{{n}}{{l}}}-1) ranges from 0.040-0.138. The sonic attenuation appears to be sensitive to the presence of fluid and type of fractures, where it shows high attenuation for open fractures and low attenuation for resistive fractures. The zones with high clay content display high sonic intrinsic attenuation in the reservoir of oilfield II. We explain this by the frictional movement between the clay and carbonates due to the elasticity contrast of these two materials. Therefore, the solid grain friction may be the dominant attenuation mechanism in those zones.

Somatização em migrantes de baixa renda no Brasil Somatization in Brazil's low-income migrants

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Miguel Antônio de Mello Silva

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender o entrelaçamento da cultura com reações psicológicas de indivíduos expostos ao processo de migração e estabelecer relações entre o fenômeno da migração e adoecimento psicossomático. O enfoque metodológico é essencialmente qualitativo, baseado em representações sociais de pacientes migrantes e da equipe de funcionários e profissionais de um centro de saúde do município próximo de Campinas. A análise demonstrou que a migração era percebida negativamente, como uma causadora de doenças quando havia perda do emprego/renda e fragmentação de laços familiares e comunitários. Se tais elementos estavam estabilizados, fatores estressantes do cotidiano permaneciam mascarados (mantidos fora da consciência e a piora da saúde não era atribuída à migração ou à qualidade de vida. O problema da migração e doença, pela perspectiva do centro de saúde, incluía abordagem terapêutica exclusivamente biológica sem outra perspectiva que contribuísse para os sujeitos assimilarem as novas condições de vida num novo ambiente sócio-cultural.This paper aims to debate relations between culture and psychological reactions of individuals exposed to the process of migration and to establish relations between migration and psychosomatic sickening. The methodological approach is essentially qualitative and based on social representations of migrant patients, staff and professionals of a public health unit near Campinas. The analysis demonstrated that migration was negatively experienced as producing ailments when loss of job/income, break of family/community ties was involved. When these elements were stabilized, stressful factors of daily life remained covered (out of conscience and worsening in health condition was attributed neither to migration nor to life quality. The problem of migration and ailments, from the health center perspective, involved merely biological procedures and did not

The Combating Terrorism Center at West Point: Radical Islamic Ideology in Southeast Asia

Science.gov (United States)

2009-01-01

debriefing by the US, Guantanamo Bay 2008 . According to Nasir Abas, a Malaysian JI member, when Abu Bakar Ba’asyir visited the DI camp in Torkham on the...teachings and writings of prominent clerics; there is no equivalent of an Abu Bakar Bashir or Hashim Selamat, to say nothing of a Abu Muhammad al...9 of JI, Abu Bakar Ba’asyir and Abdullah Sungkar, have connections with al-Qa’ida and sent a number of Indonesians and Malaysians to train in Afghan

Suitability of Gypsum for the Production of Gypsum Plaster an Example from the Abu-Ruweis Evaporites (Upper Triassic), as Subayhi Area, Northwest Jordan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saqqa, W.; Arikat, M.

2003-01-01

The gypsum of Abu Ruweis Formation (Upper Triassic) of the northwestern Jordan was chemically, physically and mechanically assessed for likely industrial uses. Chemical results indicate that the investigated gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate) is highly pure. This is confirmed by the high ratios of CaO (32-33%) andSO 3 (41-43%) and the very low content of other elements such as Mg, Al and Si. Trace elements are also negligible. The CaSO 4 % (86-88%), purity ratio (CaO/SO 3 ) (0.85) , and combined water (≅5%) for β-hemihydrate gypsum agree well with the jordanian standards for gypsum plaster. Thermal analyses indicate that the temperature required to obtain hemihydrate gypsum falls between 175deg-200deg. A significant mass variation or maximum loss on weight (-20%) was achieved after initial dehydration by heating to 200deg. Heating to 225deg is far enough to evolve all combined water molecules. The results of fineness, consistency, setting time, compressive strength and flexural strength for β-hemilhydrate agree, in most of the case, with the local and international standards intended for gypsum building components. The study showed that the absorption and consistency ratios for final gypsum product are proportional to porosity, whilst the consistency itself decreases with the increase of applied stresses. (author)

Avaliação da usabilidade de telefones celulares no mercado brasileiro: gênero, idade, escolaridade e renda familiar têm alguma influência ?

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Fernando Henrique Oliveira de Aguiar

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Atualmente métodos de investigação de usabilidade desempenham papel significativo durante o ciclo de desenvolvimento de um produto, uma vez que tal construto pode ser um indicador de maior ou menor adequação dos consumidores aos novos lançamentos e consequentemente sobre sua decisão de compra. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a identificação da influência de gênero, idade, escolaridade e renda failiar na usabilidade de telefones celulares no mercado brasileiro. A coleta de dados foi realizada por qeustionário adaptado com vistas à avaliação de produtos eletrônicos móveis, verificando-se a usabilidade em seus seis componentes hierárquicos (Facilidade de Aprendizagem e Uso, Disponibilidade e Capacidade de Resolver Problemas, Aspectos Afetivos e Propriedades Multimidia, Comandos e Mínima Carga de Memória, Controle e Eficiência, e Tarefas Típicas para Telefone Celular. Gênero e idade foram as variáveis que se mostraram com maior poder de influência. A Facilidade de Aprendizagem e Uso não mostrou a unifatorialidade mostrada no trabalho original e deve ser motivo de futuros estudos, pois aparentemente o construto contém os fatores Facilidade de Aprendizagem, Ferramentas Oferecidas pelo Aparelho e Facilidade de Uso todos juntos sob o mesmo guarda-chuva, o que não se mostrou uma verdade estatística.

Organic richness, kerogen types and maturity in the shales of the Dakhla and Duwi formations in Abu Tartur area, Western Desert, Egypt: Implication of Rock–Eval pyrolysis

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Mohamed M. El Nady

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study is to assess the organic material for petroleum potential and characterize the relationships between organic material, thermal maturity, and the depositional environments. This is done using “14” samples from the shales of the Dakhla and Duwi formations in Abu Tartur area. The samples have been analyzed using the geochemical method of Rock–Eval pyrolysis. The analysis shows that the total organic carbon content lies between 0.56 and 1.96 wt%. It also shows that kerogen is a mixture of type II and III that is dominant, and is deposited in the shallow and restricted marine environment under prevailing reducing conditions. This type of kerogen is prone to oil and oil/gas production. The geochemical diagrams show that all the studied samples have good thermal maturation. The Dakhla and Duwi formations which have been divided into all zones are mature (have Tmax over 435 °C, and have organic carbon content located at the oil window (Tmax between 435 and 443 °C.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strains

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hancock, Viktoria; Nielsen, E.M.; Klemm, Per

2006-01-01

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect millions of people each year. Escherichia coli is the most common organism associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) in humans. Persons affected by ABU may carry a particular E. coli strain for extended periods of time without any symptoms. In contrast...... to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) that cause symptomatic UTI, very little is known about the mechanisms by which these strains colonize the urinary tract. Here, we have investigated the growth characteristics in human urine as well as adhesin repertoire of nine ABU strains; the ability of ABU strains to compete...

Hábitos orais de sucção: estudo piloto em população de baixa renda Suction oral habits: initial study in low income population

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Valdinês G.S. Cavassani

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Hábitos orais de sucção têm sido fonte de estudo pelos danos que podem causar em toda morfologia e função do sistema estomatognático, sendo comumente iniciados e observados na infância. Fatores emocionais e nutricionais podem contribuir para a manifestação desses hábitos. OBJETIVO: Verificar alterações fonoaudiológicas, odontológicas e otorrinolaringológicas em crianças de baixa renda portadoras de hábitos orais de sucção. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico retrospectivo não randomizado. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas nove crianças (01 menino e 08 meninas com idades entre 5 a 9 anos durante o I Mutirão da Comunicação realizado no Hosphel, São Paulo, no dia 27 de outubro de 2001. RESULTADOS: O distúrbio fonoaudiológico mais comum foi o articulatório (55,56%, seguido pelo distúrbio de motricidade oral (33,33%. A mordida aberta esteve presente em 8 casos (88,89%. Com relação ao tipo de respiração apresentou-se com 7 casos com respiração bucal (77,78%. CONCLUSÕES: Os hábitos orais foram capazes de promover alterações fonoaudiológicas, odontológicas e otorrinolaringológicas. Medidas de promoção de saúde devem ser lançadas para crianças de baixa renda visando eliminar os fatores responsáveis pela origem dos hábitos orais viciosos de sucção, tais como: alimentação e educação. Além de medidas de tratamento multidisciplinar, devem ser estabelecidas fonoaudiologia, ortodontia, otorrinolaringologia em saúde pública, solucionando o paradigma das alterações decorrentes desses hábitos comumente perceptíveis na infância.Suction oral habits have been observed in childhood due to emotional and nutritional factors, leading to dental and speech and voice consequences. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was the observation of dental and speech and articulation abnormalities in low-income children with suction oral habits. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical non randomized study. MATERIAL AND METHOD

Milline kevad tuleb? / Kätlin Karik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karik, Kätlin

2016-01-01

Oma kevadisi rõivakollektsioone tutvustavad Ülle Pohjanheimo, Ivo Nikkolo, Althea/Thea Pilvet, Roberta Einer, Monton, Aldo Järvsoo, Ketlin Bachmann, Riina Põldroos, Kriss Soonik, Tiina by Tiina/Tiina Talumees, Iris Janvier

Cardiovascular disease risk factors in 5-year-old urban South ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cardiovascular disease risk factors in 5-year-old urban South African children the birth to ten study. Krisela Steyn, Thea de Wet, Linda Richter, Noel Cameron, Naomi S Levitt, Christopher Morrell ...

Anemia e renda per capita familiar de crianças freqüentadoras da creche do Centro Educacional Unificado Cidade Dutra, no Município de São Paulo Anemia and per capita income in children enrolled in a childhood education center in São Paulo, Brazil

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Teresinha Stumpf Souto

2007-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a freqüência de anemia de acordo com a renda familiar per capita de crianças matriculadas no Centro de Educação Infantil (CEI do Centro Educacional Unificado (CEU Cidade Dutra, no Município de São Paulo, São Paulo, em 2004. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com 190 crianças de 11 a 57 meses de idade distribuídas em duas faixas de renda familiar per capita ( 1 salário mínimo. Foram consideradas anêmicas as crianças com taxa de hemoglobina OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of anemia according to family per capita income in children enrolled in a day care center in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2004. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 190 children aged 11 to 57 months divided into two groups of per capita income ( 1 minimum wage. Hemoglobin level was evaluated in capillary blood (finger-stick test using a Hemocue® portable photometer. Anemia was considered when hemoglobin level was below 11g/dL. The results were analyzed using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: Anemia was found in 31.6% of the investigated children, with a higher proportion in younger children. The frequency of anemia was, respectively, 72.7%, 41.2%, 19.7% and 15.4% in children aged 11-23 months age, 24-35 months, 36-47 months, and 48-57 months. Among children of families with low per capita income, the frequency of anemia was 36.7%. In families earning more than one minimum wage per capita per month, there were 22.9% of children with anemia. CONCLUSIONS: At the day care center, the frequency of anemia was higher among children aged 11-23 months, especially when the family per capita income was less than one minimum wage per month.

Apteekrisell Mardi kuulus leib = Apothecary Mart's Famous Bread / Anne Saare

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Saare, Anne

2014-01-01

Martsipani leiutamisega seotud legendist ja Jaan Krossi raamatust "Mardi leib". Martsipani valmistamisest Tallinnas keskajast tänapäevani. Thea Tammelaane ja tema elukaaslase P. Thomas Abrahami perefirma Nordic Kandie Magic valmistab luksusmartsipani

Asymptomatic bacteriuria: when the treatment is worse than the disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Trautner, Barbara W

2011-12-06

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is a condition in which bacteria are present in a noncontaminated urine sample collected from a patient without signs or symptoms related to the urinary tract. ABU must be distinguished from symptomatic UTI by the absence of signs and symptoms compatible with UTI or by clinical determination that a nonurinary etiology accounts for the patient's symptoms. Interactions between the organism, the host, and the bladder environment determine whether bacteriuria leads to ABU or to UTI. ABU is a very common condition that is often treated unnecessarily with antibiotics-it should be detected and treated in pregnant women and patients undergoing urologic surgery, but in most other patient groups, treatment does not confer benefit and can be harmful. A change in prescribing behavior for ABU has been achieved through several fairly high-intensity interventions, such as interactive educational sessions for physicians, but whether these improvements persist beyond the study period is not known. Further research is needed to determine whether screening for and treatment of ABU is beneficial in patients with renal transplants, patients with orthotopic neobladders, patients undergoing prosthetic joint implantation, and patients with neutropenia. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved

Field-scale forward modelling of a shallow marine carbonate ramp: the Upper Jurassic Arab Formation (onshore Abu Dhabi - UAE)

Science.gov (United States)

Marchionda, Elisabetta; Deschamps, Rémy; Nader, Fadi H.; Ceriani, Andrea; Di Giulio, Andrea; Lawrence, David; Morad, Daniel J.

2017-04-01

The stratigraphic record of a carbonate system is the result of the interplay of several local and global factors that control the physical and the biological responses within a basin. Conceptual models cannot be detailed enough to take into account all the processes that control the deposition of sediments. The evaluation of the key controlling parameters on the sedimentation can be investigated with the use of stratigraphic forward models, that permit dynamic and quantitative simulations of the sedimentary basin infill. This work focuses on an onshore Abu Dhabi field (UAE) and it aims to provide a complete picture of the stratigraphic evolution of Upper Jurassic Arab Formation (Fm.). In this study, we started with the definition of the field-scale conceptual depositional model of the Formation, resulting from facies and well log analysis based on five wells. The Arab Fm. could be defined as a shallow marine carbonate ramp, that ranges from outer ramp deposits to supratidal/evaporitic facies association (from bottom to top). With the reconstruction of the sequence stratigraphic pattern and several paleofacies maps, it was possible to suggest multiple directions of progradations at local scale. Then, a 3D forward modelling tool has been used to i) identify and quantify the controlling parameters on geometries and facies distribution of the Arab Fm.; ii) predict the stratigraphic architecture of the Arab Fm.; and iii) integrate and validate the conceptual model. Numerous constraints were set during the different simulations and sensitivity analyses were performed testing the carbonate production, eustatic oscillations and transport parameters. To verify the geological consistency the 3D forward modelling has been calibrated with the available control points (five wells) in terms of thickness and facies distribution.

Converting the organic fraction of solid waste from the city of Abu Dhabi to valuable products via dark fermentation – Economic and energy assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonk, Fabian; Bastidas-Oyanedel, Juan-Rodrigo; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye

2015-01-01

Graphical abstract: Display Omitted - Highlights: • The cost and energy demand for dark fermentation using OFMSW were established. • Dark fermentation using OFMSW can produce a carbon source for bioprocesses of about 330 USD/t COD . • A maximum purification cost of VFAs from dark fermentation using OFMSW was established to 15 USD/m 3 . • Replacing fossil fuel based products by dark fermentation will probably lead to net energy savings. - Abstract: Landfilling the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) leads to greenhouse gas emissions and loss of valuable resources. Sustainable and cost efficient solutions need to be developed to solve this problem. This study evaluates the feasibility of using dark fermentation (DF) to convert the OFMSW to volatile fatty acids (VFAs), fertilizer and H 2 . The VFAs in the DF effluent can be used directly as substrate for subsequent bioprocesses or purified from the effluent for industrial use. DF of the OFMSW in Abu Dhabi will be economically sustainable once VFA purification can be accomplished on large scale for less than 15 USD/m 3 effluent . With a VFA minimum selling price of 330 USD/t COD , DF provides a competitive carbon source to sugar. Furthermore, DF is likely to use less energy than conventional processes that produce VFAs, fertilizer and H 2 . This makes DF of OFMSW a promising waste treatment technology and biorefinery platform

Produção e renda bruta de rabanete e alface em cultivo solteiro e consorciado = Yield and gross income of radish and lettuce in monocrop and intercrop system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Dimas Graciano

2007-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a produtividade e a renda bruta da alface e do rabanete em cultivo solteiro ou consorciado. Foram estudados a cultivar alface Crespa Grand Rapids Nacional e a de rabanete Crimson Vip, em cultivo solteiro com três ou quatro linhas, e os consórcios R4A3 e R3A4. O rabanete cultivado sob quatro fileiras de plantas no canteiro teve aumento significativo de 1,16 t ha-1 de massa fresca de plantas com raiz comercial em relação ao cultivado sob três fileiras. No cultivo solteiro, os maiores valores (16,36 cm de altura, 25,04 cm de diâmetro e 137.780 plantas ha-1 foram obtidoscom quatro fileiras e no consórcio, os maiores valores de altura (13,84 cm e diâmetro (21,86 cm foram com quatro fileiras e o maior número de plantas comerciais (133.220 plantas ha-1 foi com três. A razão de área equivalente (RAE, para o consórcio R4A3 foi de 1,69 e para o consórcio R3A4 foi de 2,05. Ao considerar a renda bruta, o consórcio R3A4 deve ser recomendado já que induziu aumentos monetários de R$ 24.748,00; R$ 1.224,00 e R$ 39.686,00 em relação ao consórcio R4A3 e aos cultivos solteiros com quatro fileiras deplantas de alface e rabanete, respectivamente.The objective of this paper was to verify yield and gross income oflettuce and radish in monocrop and intercrop systems. Crespa Grand Rapids Nacional lettuce and Crimson Vip radish varieties were studied in monocrop system with three and four rows, as well as the R4A3 and R3A4 intercroppings. Radish cultivated under four rows of plants in plot had significant increase of 1.16 t ha-1 of fresh mass in plants with commercial root in relation to those cultivated under three rows. In monocrop system, the highest values (16.36 cm height, 25.04 cm of diameter and 137,780 plants ha-1 were obtained from four rows and with intercrop, the highest values of height (13.84 cm anddiameter (21.86 cm were obtained from four rows, and the highest number of commercial plants (133

Políticas públicas, distribuição de renda e pobreza no meio rural brasileiro no período de 1995 a 2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Couto Moreira

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho buscou discutir o papel das políticas públicas no processo histórico de concentração de renda e pobreza no meio rural brasileiro. Com base nas informações das pessoas acima de 10 anos residentes nas áreas rurais das Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD, para o período de 1995 a 2005, calcularam-se os índices de desigualdade de Gini, de Theil (R e L e os índices de pobreza de Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (1984 e de Datt (1998. Os dados e resultados indicam para a existência da relação entre a persistente condição de pobreza da população rural e as políticas agrária e econômica adotadas no período.The objective of the present work is to discuss about the role of public policies in the historic process of income concentration and poverty in the Brazilian rural territory. With basis in information about persons up to 10 years residents in rural areas from the National Research of Domiciles Sample (PNDA for the period from 1995 to 2005, there was calculated the Gini and Theil (R and L inequality Index, and the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (1984 and Datt (1998 poverty Index. The data and results bring the indication of the existence of the relation between the persistent condition of poverty of the rural population and the agrarian and economic policies adopted in the period.

Educational system, income inequality and growth: the median voter's decision

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joilson Dias

2005-03-01

Full Text Available I analyze a long run educational policy as a mechanism to close the income gap among low, median and high-income families. If the choice is made endogenous by the use of the median voter theorem, the results are as follow: i public education system guarantees income convergence, however the income growth rate of the median voter is smaller; ii the combination public and private (hybrid educational system allows faster income growth rate, but income inequality is almost the natural outcome. The ending result is that the combination public and private system will prevail, since the income growth rate of the median voter is higher in this system. This might explain the persistence and differences of income inequality among the economies.O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a utilização da política educacional no longo prazo como mecanismo para a redução da desigualdade de renda entre famílias de renda baixa, mediana e alta. Se a decisão sobre a política for endogeneizada, de acordo com o teorema do eleitor mediano, os resultados são os seguintes: i o sistema educacional público para todos, apesar de garantir convergência de renda, produz uma menor taxa de crescimento da renda do eleitor mediano; ii a combinação público-privado (sistema educacional híbrido permite uma maior taxa de crescimento da renda do eleitor mediano, no entanto a desigualdade de renda é inerente a este sistema. Como resultado final, o eleitor mediano irá escolher o sistema público-privado, pois o crescimento da sua renda é maior, o que pode explicar a persistência e as diferenças na desigualdade de renda das economias.

A Controlled Quasi-Experimental Study of an Educational Intervention to Reduce the Unnecessary Use of Antimicrobials For Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

OpenAIRE

Irfan, Neal; Brooks, Annie; Mithoowani, Siraj; Celetti, Steve J.; Main, Cheryl; Mertz, Dominik

2015-01-01

Background Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) should only be treated in cases of pregnancy or in-patients undergoing urologic procedures; however, unnecessary treatment of ABU is common in clinical practice. Objective To identify risk factors for unnecessary treatment and to assess the impact of an educational intervention focused on these risk factors on treatment of ABU. Design Quasi-experimental study with a control group. Setting Two tertiary teaching adult care hospitals. Participants Consec...

Assessing Army Values in New Soldiers: Development of a Behaviorally Anchored Peer Evaluation Form

Science.gov (United States)

2015-02-03

incidents like the 2004 Abu Ghraib Prison Scandal and the 2006 Mahmoudiya rape-murder case, though anomalous and atypical, raise questions about whether...41-60. Fay, G. R. (2004) Army Regulation (AR) 15-6. Investigation of the Abu Ghraib Detention Facility and 205th Military Intelligence Brigade...Gebhardt, J.F. (2005). The Road to Abu Ghraib : US Army Detainee Doctrine and Experience. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press

Debunking the Myth of the Strategic Corporal

Science.gov (United States)

2015-04-13

19 CHAPTER 4: Case Study 2: Iraq: Abu Ghraib Prison Torture .............................. 23 CHAPTER 5: Case Study 3: Iraq: Blackhearts...Before (New York: Atria Paperback, 2014), 68·73. 13 incidents include, the U.S. Anny’s detainee abuse at Abu Ghraib , the British detainee abuse in...that encourages more crime. Perhaps the first and most widely publicized Broken Window was the Abu Ghraib detainee abuse scandal. First revealed in

Psicologia e nutrição: predizendo a intenção comportamental de aderir a dietas de redução de peso entre obesos de baixa renda Psychology and nutrition: predicting behavioral intention to follow weight reduction diets among low-income obese patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Rodrigues Cavalcanti

2005-04-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo foi realizado entre 189 obesos de baixa renda atendidos por nutricionistas na rede pública de saúde de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Levantou as crenças positivas e negativas e os referentes mais expressivos sobre estes pacientes quanto ao comportamento de seguir uma dieta médica para redução de peso. Um instrumento de medida da intenção comportamental de efetivamente seguir tais dietas foi construído, o que permitiu verificar a ênfase do aspecto normativo geral e atitudinal nos obesos com renda de até um salário-mínimo sobre sua intenção comportamental. Isto pode indicar dois pontos eficazes a serem explorados em comunicações dirigidas a esta classe social em campanhas de saúde para redução de peso. Esta medição torna-se útil para ações preventivas de saúde; a obesidade é considerada uma epidemia mundial carente de controle imediato, aumentando em incidência principalmente nas classes mais baixas dos países em desenvolvimento.The present study was accomplished with 189 low income obese attended by public health nutritionists of João Pessoa, Paraíba. We found out positive and negative beliefs plus the most expressive referees on these patients about the behavior of following a medical diet to reduce weight. This permitted to build a behavioral intention measurement instrument to check those who might really follow these diets. It was verified the emphasis on general normative and attitudinal aspects over obese who had up to one minimum-wage income. This may indicate two efficacious points to be explored on targeted communications to this social class during weight loss public health campaigns. This measurement can be turned into preventive health actions; obesity is considered worldwide as epidemics, in need of immediate control, growing in incidence mainly among lower ranks of the population of developing countries.

Crescimento pró-pobre no nordeste do Brasil: uma análise dos períodos (1991-2000 e 2000-2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raul da Mota Silveira Neto

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho examina o crescimento econômico na região Nordeste do Brasil nos período 1991-2000 e 2000-2010, investigando, especificamente, em que medida a dinâmica da renda desta região tem sido relativamente mais favorável aos indivíduos mais pobres desta região, até o presente, residência de mais da metade das pessoas em situação de extrema pobreza no país. A partir de um indicador que considera tanto a redução da extrema pobreza, como o crescimento relativo da renda das pessoas nesta condição, os resultados são analisados para os estados da região e suas 42 mesorregiões, considerando-se tanto a renda total, como a renda do trabalho. As evidências obtidas indicam que os períodos 1991-2000 e 2000-2010 são bastante diferentes com respeito à natureza do crescimento da renda total. Quando o foco é na dinâmica da renda do trabalho, o trabalho destaca as trajetórias mais favoráveis paras as mesorregiões correspondentes às Regiões Metropolitanas do Nordeste.

Pembuatan Bakto Agar dari Rumput Laut Gelidium rigidum untuk Media Tumbuh bagi Mikroorganisme

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Murdinah murdinah

2008-06-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan bakto agar dari rumput laut Gelidium rigidum untuk media tumbuh bagi mikroorganisme. Pembuatan bakto agar dilakukan dengan variasi waktu ekstraksi yaitu 1, 2, dan 3 jam pada suhu 121°C dan tekanan 1,1 atm. Bakto agar dianalisis rendemen dan mutunya yang meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar abu tak larut asam, kadar sulfat, kekuatan gel, pH, titik leleh, dan titik jendal. Uji mikrobiologi yang diamati meliputi angka lempeng total bakteri (ALT dan diameter koloni. Dari hasil pengamatan diketahui bahwa bakto agar hasil ekstraksi dari rumput laut jenis Gelidium rigidum selama 2 jam mutunya menyamai bakto agar komersial, khususnya dari nilai kadar air, pH, kadar abu, kadar abu tak larut asam, kekuatan gel, serta kemampuannya menumbuhkan bakteri yang terdapat pada ikan segar dan kultur murni yaitu E. coli dan L. lactis. Tetapi dalam hal kadar sulfat, titik leleh, dan titik jendal masih di bawah mutu bakto agar komersial. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa waktu ekstraksi selama 2 jam menghasilkan bakto agar yang memenuhi standar bakto agar komersial dengan karakteristik kadar air 10,41%, kadar abu 2,1%, kadar abu tak larut asam 0,18%, kekuatan gel 670,72 g/cm2, dan pH 7,1.

Preditores sócio-demográficos, de estilo de vida e gineco-obstétricos das concentrações séricas ou plasmáticas de homocisteína, ácido fólico e vitaminas B12 e B6 em mulheres de baixa renda de São Paulo, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Almeida,Lana Carneiro; Tomita,Luciana Yuki; D'Almeida,Vânia; Cardoso,Marly Augusto

2008-01-01

O presente estudo investigou fatores sócio-demográficos, de estilo de vida e gineco-obstétricos associados às concentrações séricas ou plasmáticas de homocisteína, ácido fólico, vitaminas B12 e B6 em mulheres de baixa renda de São Paulo, Brasil. Concentrações séricas de ácido fólico e vitamina B12 foram analisadas por fluoroimunoensaio; concentrações plasmáticas de homocisteína e vitamina B6, por cromatografia líquida de alta performance em fase reversa. Variáveis independentes foram inicialm...

Armed Conflict in Syria: Overview and U.S. Response

Science.gov (United States)

2014-09-17

of the Euphrates River valley from the Syrian border to Abu Ghraib on the outskirts of Baghdad, and was conducting intense military operations in...underscoring growing tensions among Sunni extremists in the region. In July 2013, ISIL attacked prisons at Abu Ghraib and Taji in Iraq, reportedly...groups, and Baathists in Iraq. Background The group’s ideological and organizational roots (Figure 2) lie in the forces built and led by the late Abu

Integrated geophysical studies on the area east of Abu Gharadig basin, southern Cairo, Egypt, using potential field data

Science.gov (United States)

El-Awady, Mohammed Mohamed; El-Badrawy, Hussein Tawfek; Abuo El-Ela, Amin Mohamed; Solimaan, Mohamed Refaat; Alrefaee, Hamed Abdelhamid; Elbowab, Mostafa

2016-12-01

Potential field data of the area east of Abu Gharadig basin were used to delineate the tectonic framework of probable economic interest and for future development plans for the area. To achieve this goal, the RTP and Bouguer gravity maps of the study area were subjected to several filtering and processing techniques. The regional magnetic map shows NE-SW high regional magnetic trends at the northwestern and southeastern parts as well as low magnetic trends at the central part reflecting thick non-magnetized sediments and/or deep highly magnetized basement rocks. Similarly, the regional gravity map shows NE-SW diagonal high and low gravity trends across the entire area of study as well as a distinct increase of gravity values toward the northwest corner reflecting thickening of sedimentary cover and/or deepening of denser basement rock at the central part. The residual maps reveal many anomalies of shallow sources with different polarities, amplitudes and extensions in the form of alternating high and low gravity and magnetic indicating that the basement rocks are dissected by faults forming uplifted and downthrown blocks. Edge detection techniques outlined effectively the boarders and extensions of the structural highs and lows through showing gravity and magnetic maxima over the edges of these tectonic features. Moreover, the River Nile course is controlled by shallow normal faults affecting the recent Nile sediments and is clearly shown by edge detection maps of gravity data. Euler deconvolution of magnetic and gravity data reveals clustering of solution along fault trends or causative bodies centers. The Euler depth estimate to the basement surface shows a good correlation with the depth determined by the power spectrum method where its value ranges around 4 km. The interpreted basement tectonic map of the study area is dominated by ENE-WSW Syrian Arc, NW-SE Gulf of Suez and Red Sea, NE-SW Aqaba, E-W Mediterranean and N-S East Africa tectonic trends. The older

Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing and Forcing Efficiencies at Surface from the shortwave Irradiance Measurements in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Science.gov (United States)

Beegum S, N.; Ben Romdhane, H.; Ghedira, H.

2013-12-01

Atmospheric aerosols are known to affect the radiation balance of the Earth-Atmospheric system directly by scattering and absorbing the solar and terrestrial radiation, and indirectly by affecting the lifetime and albedo of the clouds. Continuous and simultaneous measurements of short wave global irradiance in combination with synchronous spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements (from 340 nm to 1640 nm in 8 channels), for a period of 1 year from June 2012 to May 2013, were used for the determination of the surface direct aerosol radiative forcing and forcing efficiencies under cloud free conditions in Abu Dhabi (24.42°N, 54.61o E, 7m MSL), a coastal location in United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the Arabian Peninsula. The Rotating Shadow band Pyranometer (RSP, LI-COR) was used for the irradiance measurements (in the spectral region 400-1100 nm), whereas the AOD measurements were carried out using CIMEL Sunphotometer (CE 318-2, under AERONET program). The differential method, which is neither sensitive to calibration uncertainties nor model assumptions, has been employed for estimating forcing efficiencies from the changes in the measured fluxes. The forcing efficiency, which quantifies the net change in irradiance per unit change in AOD, is an appropriate parameter for the characterization of the aerosol radiative effects even if the microphysical and optical properties of the aerosols are not completely understood. The corresponding forcing values were estimated from the forcing efficiencies. The estimated radiative forcing and forcing efficiencies exhibited strong monthly variations. The forcing efficiencies (absolute magnitudes) were highest during March, and showed continuous decrease thereafter to reach the lowest value during September. In contrast, the forcing followed a slightly different pattern of variability, with the highest solar dimming during April ( -60 W m-2) and the minimum during February ( -20 W m-2). The results indicate that the aerosol

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mubeen

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) in antenatal women is microbiological diagnosis ... 287 asymptomatic pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic at a tertiary care ... that antimicrobial treatment of ABU during pregnancy.

Acceptance for Beneficial Use Pumping Instrumentation and Control Skid L

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

KOCH, M.R.

1999-01-01

This is a final Acceptance for Beneficial Use (ABU) for Pumping and Instrumentation Control (PIC) skid ''L''. PIC skid ''L'' is ready for pumping tank U-105. All the testing and documentation has been completed as required on the ABU checklist. This ABU covers only the readiness of the PIC skid ''L''. Other U-farm preparations including dilution tank fabrication, portable exhauster readiness, leak detection, valve pit preparation, and the Operation Control Station readiness are not part of this ABU. PIC skid ''L'' is a new skid fabricated and tested at Site Fabrication Services. The skid controls the jet pump and monitors various instruments associated with the pumping operation. This monitoring includes leak detection along the waste transfer route and flammable gases in the pump pit

Strategic Communication Through Design: A Narrative Approach

Science.gov (United States)

2009-12-01

detainees at Abu Grahib and their actions were not indicative of approved United States policy. This incident of abuse, documented by the perpetrators...strategic effects after gaining international exposure due to new media. Abu Gharib is an example of how events at a tactical level can be used by...of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi on June 8, 2006. This characterization was soon to be proved false. Cell phone video footage showed the grim details of the

Al Sahawa - The Awakening: An Education and Training Resource Guide

Science.gov (United States)

2015-07-01

by US personnel at Abu Ghraib prison. These and related is- sues, festering since 2003, gained traction in the spring of 2004 and provided recruitment...Iraqi people to fight the occupiers, the ex- tremists, led by the Jordanian Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, demanded to lead the jihad with the intent of first...the Apr 2004 fight for Fallujah,” Abu Nour, insurgent and kidnapper of Jill Carroll; “The Jill Carroll Story, ”Christian Science Monitor (18 Aug

Bush lubas al-Zarqawi järglase kinni püüda / Aadu Hiietamm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hiietamm, Aadu, 1954-

2006-01-01

USA president George W. Bush teatas, et tapetud terrorivõrgustiku al Qaeda Iraagi haru liidri Abu Musab al-Zarqawi järglaseks nimetatud Abu Hamsa al-Muhajir on kuulutatud enim tagaotsitavaks terroristiks

Nível de desenvolvimento e tecnologia de distribuição de alimentos em países selecionados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leidy Diana Souza de Oliveira

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo comparar os sistemas de distribuição de alimentos em países com diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento. Especificamente: i identificar padrões de demanda e analisar as características do mercado de alimentos; ii verificar as relações entre a estrutura dos sistemas varejistas de alimento e padrões econômicos, sociais, culturais e prevalecentes de compra e iii identificar as estratégicas adotadas pelos varejistas. Para tanto, foi efetuada uma revisão em estudos prévios disponíveis. Os países estudados foram: renda alta (Estados Unidos e Reino Unido; renda média-alta (África do Sul e Brasil; renda média-baixa (China e Guatemala e renda baixa (Madagascar e Vietnã. Os resultados mostram a existência de importantes diferenças no desenvolvimento do varejo de alimentos entre os países analisados. Revelam, ainda, que qualidade e variedade dos produtos são fatores importantes na estratégia de varejo em países de renda alta e média-alta; nos países de renda média-baixa e baixa destaca-se o preço dos alimentos. A principal implicação é o impacto que os supermercados causam em todos os elos das cadeias agroindustriais.

Converting the organic fraction of solid waste from the city of Abu Dhabi to valuable products via dark fermentation – Economic and energy assessment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonk, Fabian, E-mail: fbonk@masdar.ac.ae; Bastidas-Oyanedel, Juan-Rodrigo, E-mail: jbastidas@masdar.ac.ae; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye, E-mail: jschmidt@masdar.ac.ae

2015-06-15

Graphical abstract: Display Omitted - Highlights: • The cost and energy demand for dark fermentation using OFMSW were established. • Dark fermentation using OFMSW can produce a carbon source for bioprocesses of about 330 USD/t{sub COD}. • A maximum purification cost of VFAs from dark fermentation using OFMSW was established to 15 USD/m{sup 3}. • Replacing fossil fuel based products by dark fermentation will probably lead to net energy savings. - Abstract: Landfilling the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) leads to greenhouse gas emissions and loss of valuable resources. Sustainable and cost efficient solutions need to be developed to solve this problem. This study evaluates the feasibility of using dark fermentation (DF) to convert the OFMSW to volatile fatty acids (VFAs), fertilizer and H{sub 2}. The VFAs in the DF effluent can be used directly as substrate for subsequent bioprocesses or purified from the effluent for industrial use. DF of the OFMSW in Abu Dhabi will be economically sustainable once VFA purification can be accomplished on large scale for less than 15 USD/m{sup 3}{sub effluent}. With a VFA minimum selling price of 330 USD/t{sub COD}, DF provides a competitive carbon source to sugar. Furthermore, DF is likely to use less energy than conventional processes that produce VFAs, fertilizer and H{sub 2}. This makes DF of OFMSW a promising waste treatment technology and biorefinery platform.

Economia popular solidária: alternativa de geração de trabalho e renda e desafio aos profissionais do Serviço Social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nascimento, Aline Fátima do

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O processo de reestruturação produtiva tem produzido mudanças na sociedade contemporânea, em decorrência das transformações ocorridas nos processos e relações de trabalho. A reestruturação produtiva no Brasil trouxe como principais características a redução da demanda por mão-de-obra, ao mesmo tempo em que exigiu maior qualificação e intensificou a exploração sobre a força de trabalho, ampliando as manifestações da questão social, objeto de trabalho do assistente social. Para atender às demandas não supridas pelo sistema capitalista, desenvolvem-se pelo mundo inteiro, experiências que procuram romper com a lógica capitalista, dando lugar a outras formas de produção e organização do trabalho. Os empreendimentos de Economia Popular Solidária desenvolvem-se neste contexto de transformações, como formas alternativas de geração de trabalho e renda protagonizados pelos indivíduos excluídos do mercado formal de trabalho. Juntamente com as necessidades básicas de sobrevivência, os valores da solidariedade, da ajuda mútua e da cooperação estão presentes e, fazem parte das relações sociais entre estes indivíduos, norteando suas ações. Estes empreendimentos têm possibilitado a garantia da subsistência e sobrevivência das classes populares que, em sua maioria, se encontram em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Além disso, configuram-se como um campo de trabalho promissor e privilegiado aos assistentes sociais comprometidos com os interesses e necessidades das classes populares.

Impacto da Educação na Renda das Famílias Rurais da Amazônia: Uma Análise a Partir da Agricultura Familiar no Acre.

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Francisco Dietima da Silva Bezerra

2014-10-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, tem se observado nas últimas décadas, a persistência de um quadro histórico de alta desigualdade de renda que têm contribuindo para que o país seja considerado como uma das nações mais desiguais do planeta. Dentre os fatores que têm contribuído para manter as disparidades de rendimentos em patamares tão elevados, destaca-se a heterogeneidade educacional, principalmente no meio rural. Diante da importância do tema tratado, a presente pesquisa consiste em analisar o impacto da educação no desempenho econômico das famílias rurais do Estado do Acre. Utiliza-se a metodologia do projeto de pesquisa Análise Socioeconômica dos Sistemas de Produção Familiar no Estado do Acre (ASPF, desenvolvido pelo Centro de Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais Aplicadas (CCJSA da Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC, a partir de indicadores de resultado econômico e medidas de relação. Os resultados indicam que no Vale do Acre o nível de escolaridade influencia significativamente no desempenho econômico das famílias analisadas, diferentemente do Vale do Juruá, em que o desempenho econômico tem menor relação com a escolaridade das famílias e é mais fortemente condicionado por outros fatores estruturais e/ou de mercado.

KELAMCILARA GÖRE MÜNAFIK

OpenAIRE

KURT, Hasan

2006-01-01

In this work, the literary and conceptual meaning of the words hypocrisy and hypocrite are explored and the problem of hypocrisy is analyzed from the perspective of the theologians belonging to different schools of kalam. The views of such Salaf scholars as Hasan El-Basri, Malik ibn Anas, Ahmed ibn Hanbal and Abu Hanifa are introduced. Then the views of such Maturidi scholars as Imam al-Maturidi, Abu Yusr al-Bazdawi, Abu Muin al-Nasafi and Nureddin al-Sabuni are analyzed a...

MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2011 Facts

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-01

Director, Assistant Director for Operations, and the Director’s Office Staff, in conjunction with the Steering Committee and with oversight from the...as offer- ing flexible work schedules, part-time employment, and telecommuting opportunities. Child Care The Technology Children’s Center facility

Epidemiological investigation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camel farms linked with human infection in Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates.

Science.gov (United States)

Muhairi, Salama Al; Hosani, Farida Al; Eltahir, Yassir M; Mulla, Mariam Al; Yusof, Mohammed F; Serhan, Wissam S; Hashem, Farouq M; Elsayed, Elsaeid A; Marzoug, Bahaaeldin A; Abdelazim, Assem S

2016-12-01

The objective of this research was to investigate the prevalence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection primarily in dromedary camel farms and the relationship of those infections with infections in humans in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Nasal swabs from 1113 dromedary camels (39 farms) and 34 sheep (1 farm) and sputum samples from 2 MERS-CoV-infected camel farm owners and 1 MERS-CoV-infected sheep farm owner were collected. Samples from camels and humans underwent real-time reverse-transcription quantitative PCR screening to detect MERS-CoV. In addition, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of partially characterized MERS-CoV genome fragments obtained from camels were performed. Among the 40 farms, 6 camel farms were positive for MERS-CoV; the virus was not detected in the single sheep farm. The maximum duration of viral shedding from infected camels was 2 weeks after the first positive test result as detected in nasal swabs and in rectal swabs obtained from infected calves. Three partial camel sequences characterized in this study (open reading frames 1a and 1ab, Spike1, Spike2, and ORF4b) together with the corresponding regions of previously reported MERS-CoV sequence obtained from one farm owner were clustering together within the larger MERS-CoV sequences cluster containing human and camel isolates reported for the Arabian Peninsula. Data provided further evidence of the zoonotic potential of MERS-CoV infection and strongly suggested that camels may have a role in the transmission of the virus to humans.

Família, pobreza e acesso a programas de transferência de renda nas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras Familia, pobreza y acceso a programas de transferencia de renta en las regiones metropolitanas brasileñas Family, poverty and access to income transfer programs in the metropolitan regions of

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Lilia Montali

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo é evidenciar nas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras os arranjos familiares mais vulneráveis ao empobrecimento e investigar o acesso destes aos programas de transferência de renda, bem como alguns efeitos desses programas sobre a renda das famílias. Os arranjos domiciliares mais vulneráveis ao empobrecimento são assim identificados por possuírem os mais baixos rendimentos familiares per capita e concentração nos decis inferiores de renda. Apresentam estruturação e composições distintas, bem como vivenciam diferentes momentos do ciclo de vida familiar, mas são os mais fragilizados diante da mudança no padrão de emprego por apresentarem composição familiar desfavorável para a inserção de seus componentes no mercado de trabalho. Nas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras, o empobrecimento dos domicílios ocorrido nos anos 90 e início dos 2000 reflete a queda dos rendimentos do trabalho decorrente da precarização do mercado sob a reestruturação produtiva e o baixo crescimento econômico até 2004. Até 2006, sob a recuperação econômica, tais rendimentos não retornaram aos níveis da metade dos anos 90. Entre as políticas de combate à pobreza emergem aquelas de transferência de renda, que, no início dos anos 2000, apresentavam abrangência incipiente. Intensificam-se no decorrer da década, possibilitando aumento do acesso dos domicílios com rendimentos mais baixos. Na análise comparativa entre os dados da PNAD 2004 e 2006, procura-se identificar o acesso aos programas de transferência de renda pelos domicílios caracterizados por diferentes tipos de arranjos familiares, considerando sua estruturação e momento do ciclo de vida familiar. Um dos impactos a serem investigados dentre estes é a redução dos domicílios sem rendimento. Investigase também a diminuição da desigualdade de renda entre os arranjos familiares mais vulneráveis e os demais tipos, mesmo que ainda permaneçam as diferen

Geochemistry, Radioactivity and Gamma-Ray Dose Assesment of Igneous Rocks, of Abu El Hassan El Aswad Area, North Egypt Eastern Desert

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdel-Monem, A.A.; Moussa, E.M.; Abd El Fattah, M.M.G.; Wetait, M.A.

2011-01-01

Abu El Hassan Al Aswad area, Northern Eastern Desert, Egypt, is located between lat. 26 degree 45/ and 26 degree 58 / N and long. 33 degree 0/ and 33 degree 11 /50// E, covering approximately 270 km 2 . It is covered by a suite of igneous rocks, which are classified according to their silica and potash contents into ultra basic rock class with the least silica and potash contents, basic rock class, intermediated rock class and acidic rock class with the highest silica and potash contents. The ultra basic rocks with SiO 2 2 (42-57%), K (0.15-0.5), U (0.8-3 ppm) and Th (1-7 ppm), produce the gamma ray doses (AEDE, 0.266 mSv/y; AGDE, 0.1475 mSv/y). The intermediate rocks with SiO 2 (57-65%), K (0-8-2.5%), U (2-8 ppm) and Th (3.5-14.5 ppm) produce the gamma ray doses (AEDE, 0.083 mSv/y; AGDE, 0.4784 mSv/y). The acidic rocks with SiO 2 (65-75%), K (2.6-4.3%), U (4.5-10 ppm) and Th (13-26 ppm) produce the gamma ray doses (AEDE, 0.1692 mSv/y; AGDE, 0.9571 mSv/y).It is suggested that the ultra basic, basic and the intermediated rock classes can be used safely as building materials as well as for indoor and outdoor decorations. The acidic rock class may be used for outdoor decorations but not as building materials or indoor decoration due to its high AGDE values, which when added to the other gamma ray exposure source may exceed the International Accepted Radiation Dose Limit to member of the public which is (1-3 mSv/y)

Ebu’l-Feth ‘Abdilkerîm Eş-Şehristânî’ye Göre İnsan Ve Fiilleri

OpenAIRE

Doğan, Hüseyin

2014-01-01

According to The Abu al-Fath Abd al-Kerim as-Shahrastani and Human and His Actions Abu al-Fath Abd al-Kerim as-Shahrastani on Islam science and culture occupy an important place is the thinker with opinions and thoughts. Kalam (Theology), History of İslamic Sects and Religions or Tafsir (Interpretation) and Jurisprudence especially important works in the field of colocated Shahrastani belief in the tradition of Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Eş‘ari and this line has remained committed to perpetuating ...

A esterilização de mulheres de baixa renda em região metropolitana do sudeste do Brasil e fatores ligados à sua prevalência Female sterilization among low income women in a metropolitan region of southeastern Brazil and factors related to its prevalence

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Elisabeth Meloni Vieira

1994-12-01

Full Text Available Estudo realizado na região metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil, entre março e julho de 1992, entre 3.149 mulheres de baixa renda com idade entre 15 e 49 anos, mostrou que 21,8% estavam esterilizadas. Entre as mulheres unidas, 29,2% estavam esterilizadas e 34,4% usavam a pílula. Quatrocentos e sete mulheres esterilizadas abaixo dos 40 anos, que haviam se submetido à cirurgia há pelo menos um ano antes da data da entrevista, foram perguntadas sobre sua história reprodutiva, uso prévio de métodos anticoncepcionais, o processo de decisão para esterilizar-se, o acesso à esterilização e à adaptação após o procedimento. Os resultados mostraram que mesmo para as mulheres de baixa renda o acesso à esterilização é regulado pelo pagamento ao médico. A baixa qualidade e cobertura das atividades de planejamento familiar do Programa de Assistência Integral à Saúde da Mulher, assim como a ausência de regulamentação, está provavelmente contribuindo para a escolha da esterilização feminina por mulheres jovens. A forma que a esterilização tem sido realizada fere preceitos éticos. O estudo mostra que a irreversibilidade do procedimento não foi adequadamente entendida por quase 40% das mulheres esterilizadas. Discute-se a aceitabilidade da esterilização como resultado de uma estratégia social complexa com o envolvimento de vários setores da sociedade brasileira aliada à necessidade de regulação da fertilidade das mulheres. A necessidade de regular e controlar o procedimento também é discutida. A regulamentação criaria condições mais justas de acesso à esterilização para as mulheres de baixa renda e poderia salvaguardar aspectos éticos na sua escolha.A survey carried out in the metropolitan region of S. Paulo between March and July, 1992, shows that of 3,149 low income women aged from 15 to 49, 21.8% had been sterilized. Of those women living in marital union 29.2% had been sterilized and 34.4% were on the pill

A historical analysis of the evolution of the program efficiency 'Low income households consumers of electrical energy' in the interior of Sao Paulo state; Uma analise historica da evolucao da eficiencia do programa 'Consumidor de baixa renda de energia eletrica' no interior do estado de Sao Paulo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, Jose Antonio Siqueira [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Fac. de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computacao. Dept. de Eletronica e Microeletronica], e-mail: siqueira@demic.fee.unicamp.br; Tavares, Mauricio Lopes [Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Dept. de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia], e-mail: mautavar@uol.com.br

2004-07-01

An analysis of the criteria used to select the beneficiaries of the federally-funded social program 'Consumidor de baixa renda de energia eletrica (Low Income Households Consumers of Electrical Energy)' in the State of Sao Paulo is presented. The study is based on statistical data obtained from the database of Companhia Paulista de Forca e Luz - CPFL, one of the most important electrical energy distributor in the mentioned region. The concept of 'low income household' is also discussed, based on studies presented by IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica and by FIPE - Fundacao Instituto de Pesquisas Economicas, comparing the expected number of low income households with the actual number of consumers who receive the subsidy. (author)

Moda vernulas v Tallin / Marina Poltavtseva

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Poltavtseva, Marina

2005-01-01

Tallinnas Viru Keskuses toimuvast moeürituste sarjast FIBIT. Keskne sündmus on Kuldnõela nominentide Katrin Kuldma, Tiina Talumehe, Thea Pilveti ja Evelin Lille kollektsioonide esitamine. Lisas "Primetshai marku!" juttu moekunstnik Oksana Tanditi uuest kollektsioonist, mida näidatakse ka Viru keskuses

Non-aqueous pigmented inkjet inks

NARCIS (Netherlands)

DEROOVER, GEERT; Bernaerts, Katrien; HOOGMARTENS, IVAN

2009-01-01

A non-aqueous inkjet ink comprises a benzimidazolone pigment and a polymeric dispersant according to Formula (I): wherein, T represents hydrogen or a polymerization terminating group; Z represents theA non-aqueous inkjet ink comprises a benzimidazolone pigment and a polymeric dispersant according to

P

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Sharaf A. Alkheder

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Car parking is a serious problem in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC countries in general and in United Arab Emirates (UAE in particular. This problem has been associated with the exceptional growth in the number of cars, buses, trucks, and other modes of transportation over the past few decades. In Abu Dhabi (the capital city of UAE, finding a parking at some locations is a real challenge due to the lack of available parking slots in the city. In 2009, in order to organize the randomness in parking management in Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi City started implementing a new paid parking system inside the city, named MAWAQIF. This new system helps in reducing the parking problem in congested areas, yet has transferred the problem to less crowded areas in the city. Furthermore, the number of parking lots provided in the controlled areas isn’t enough to satisfy the demand in these areas. This article concentrates on this direction and focuses on two aspects. First, a survey was prepared and distributed to 500 participants as a part of a project, in order to identify the scale of the parking problem in Abu Dhabi. Then, a technical framework for developing an intelligent mobile application for improving the indoor parking management system in Abu Dhabi was developed. Results indicate that the proposed mobile application will help in reducing the time wasted in searching for parking and will increase the efficiency of the parking system in Abu Dhabi.

Impacts of Mesopotamian wetland re-flooding on the lipid biomarker distributions in sediments

Science.gov (United States)

Rushdi, Ahmed I.; DouAbul, Ali A. Z.; Al-Maarofi, Sama S.; Simoneit, Bernd R. T.

2018-03-01

Shallow sediment core samples from two locales in the Mesopotamian marshlands of Iraq were analyzed to characterize the extractable organic (lipid) compounds, and their sources and distributions after hydrological restoration by re-flooding of the marshes. Dried samples were extracted with a dichloromethane/methanol mixture before analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds were n-alkanes, fatty acids and alcohols, steroids, terpenoids, hopanes, steranes, unresolved complex mixture (UCM), and plasticizers. The lipid compounds in Kurmashia (Al-Hammar marshes) were generally higher in concentration than in Abu Zirig (Central marshes), and decreased with core depths for both sites. This concentration decrease with core depth is attributed to transformation, biodegradation and variable input processes. The distribution patterns of the lipids in the sediment cores indicated that the Abu Zirig area was drier than Kurmashia before the re-flooding process. Furthermore, the concentration of the compounds in the surface sediment the Abu Zirig core was as high and similar to that in Kurmashia, reflecting the re-flooding impacts on the marsh and the revival of the wetland. The major sources of these lipids were from natural terrestrial vegetation (35-66% for Abu Zirig; 40-49% for Kurmashia), microbial (plankton) residues and bacteria (27-52% for Abu Zirig; 39-43% for Kurmashia), with a minor contribution from anthropogenic sources including plastic wastes and petroleum (6-13% for Abu Zirig; 9-18% for Kurmashia).

Sõda vangidega : iraaklaste piinajad astusid kohtu ette / ref. Virgo Kruve

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

USA sõjatribunal mõistis Abu Ghraibi vanglas Iraagi vange ahistanud sõjaväelase Jeremy Sivitsi aastaks vangi. Teistest kohtualustest. Väljavõtteid USA Senatile tutvustatud salaraportist, mis keskendus Abu Ghraibi vanglale ja sõjaväepolitsei tegevusele

Uma análise do capital humano sobre o nível de renda dos estados brasileiros: MRW versus Mincer

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Ricardo Corrêa Cangussu

2010-03-01

Full Text Available O capital humano, a produtividade e o capital físico são considerados os principais fatores na determinação do PIB per capita das economias. Conforme a abordagem neoclássica, a acumulação de capital humano explica praticamente um terço da variação do rendimento per capita entre os países. No entanto, ainda persistem discussões sobre as formas em que esse fator afeta o PIB per capita. O objetivo do presente estudo é comparar duas formas funcionais da função de produção para os Estados brasileiros: as propostas por Solow (1956 e por Mincer (1974. Também foram feitas estimações do retorno marginal da educação, além da realização de uma análise da importância do capital humano na determinação do PIB per capita utilizando diferentes métodos de estimação, no período 1980-2002. Os resultados rejeitaram a especificação neoclássica com inclusão do capital humano em favor da minceriana. Adicionalmente, o retorno marginal estimado da educação foi de 15%, e os resultados empíricos sustentam a teoria de que o capital humano é um dos principais fatores na determinação do nível de renda.Human capital, productivity and physical capital are considered the main factors in the economies' GDP per capita determination. According to the neoclassical approach, human capital accumulation explains about a third of the variation in per capita income across countries. However, there is no consensus on the ways in which human capital influences GDP per capita. The present study's goal is to compare two production functions functional forms for the Brazilian States: the one developed by Solow (1956 and the one developed by Mincer (1974. The marginal return of education also has been estimated and we have analyzed the relevance of human capital on GDP per capita determination through a variety of estimation methods, for the 1980-2002 period. The empirical results rejected the neoclassical specification with human capital in favor

Determination of thorium and uranium contents in soil samples ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Experimental Nuclear Physics Department, Atomic Energy Authority, Nuclear Research Center, Abu Zabaal, 13759 Cairo, Egyp; Experimental Nuclear Physics Department, Atomic Energy Authority, Nuclear Research Center, Abu Zabaal, 13759 Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Girls for Art, Science and Education, Ain-Shams ...

Benefits and Harms of Treatment of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by the European Association of Urology Urological Infection Guidelines Panel

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Köves, Bela; Cai, Tommaso; Veeratterapillay, Rajan; Pickard, Robert; Seisen, Thomas; Lam, Thomas B.; Yuan, Cathy Yuhong; Bruyere, Franck; Wagenlehner, Florian; Bartoletti, Riccardo; Geerlings, Suzanne E.; Pilatz, Adrian; Pradere, Benjamin; Hofmann, Fabian; Bonkat, Gernot; Wullt, Björn

2017-01-01

People with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) are often unnecessarily treated with antibiotics risking adverse effects and antimicrobial resistance. We performed a systematic review to determine any benefits and harms of treating ABU in particular patient groups. Relevant databases were searched and

The tourist's drives : GIS oriented methods for analysing tourist recreation complexes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Knaap, van der W.

1997-01-01

See also the HREF="http://www.wau.nl/rpv/ond_proj/dirknaap/website/tourist.htm">web sitebased on this thesis

Tourism is a product of diverse composition. An increasing number of people pursue their own specific wishes and combine various

Signs, Symbols and Schemas: Understanding Meaning in a Child's Drawings

Science.gov (United States)

Deguara, Jo; Nutbrown, Cathy

2018-01-01

This paper examines the schematic underpinnings in the drawings of a four-year-old girl, Thea. The paper reviews literature on graphic representations, signs and meaning-making before discussing schematic "form" in children's drawings, the theoretical background for the study. The paper discusses ethical issues and methodological…

JPRS Report, East Europe

Science.gov (United States)

1988-03-09

better. "The people do not trust anyone or anything now. Forty years of slavery and oppression have resulted in the complete indifference of the...a decline in educational and cultural needs, the striving to obtain money in every way possible, including illegal and unethical means, reduced

Integrating Disparate Information

Science.gov (United States)

2009-04-21

two are given in Table 1, and we refer the interested reader to Malinowski (1993) for further details. Generalizations from the three-valued to the...A. (1998). Bayesian assessment of network reliability. SIAM Rev., 40(2), 202-227. Malinowski , G. (1993). Many-valued Logics. Oxford: Clarendon

The Carrier Strike Group: Examining Approaches to Forward Presence

Science.gov (United States)

2016-09-01

Presence, 4. 129 Robert O. Keohane 1941- Neorealism and Its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986), 100. 37 coalitions, an...Diplomat. April 20, 2013. http://thediplomat.com/2013/04/the-a2ad-hit-list/. Keohane , Robert O. 1941- Neorealism and Its Critics. New York: Columbia

Investigations on structural, optical and magnetic properties of Dy-doped zinc ferrite nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Vinosha, P. Annie; Deepapriya, S.; Rodney, John. D.; Das, S. Jerome

2018-04-01

A persuasive and thriftily feasible homogeneous co-precipitation route was adopted to fabricate dysprosium (Dy) doped zinc ferrite (Zn1-xDyxFe2O4)nanoparticles in order to examine their structural, optical and magnetic properties. Theas-synthesized Zn1-xDyxFe2O4 was studied for its momentous applications in photo-degradation of organic Methylene Blue (MB) dye. The paper marksthe connotation of zinc ferrite nanocatalyst in Photo-Fenton degradation. The chemical composition of dysprosium has a decisive feature of this research work. From X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), spinel phase formation of theas-synthesized Zn1-xDyxFe2O4 nanoparticles was observedand the crystallite size was foundto increase as the doping concentration increased. Theabsorption bands peaked between 600-400 cm-l waspragmatic by Fourier Transform Infrared spectral analysis (FTIR). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) micrograph elucidated the morphology and the speck size of as-synthesized nanoparticles. Surface area and pore size were determined by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique.

Külas tippterroristil / Aadu Hiietamm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hiietamm, Aadu, 1954-

2006-01-01

Briti nädalaajalehe The Sunday Times artiklist, milles kirjeldatakse Iraagi sunniitide vastupanuliikumise ühe juhi šeik Abu Omar al Ansari kohtumist Iraagis enim tagaotsitava terroristi Abu Musab al-Zarqawi'ga, et arutada koostööd okupatsioonijõudude ründamisel

Magma intrusion in the upper crust of Abu Dabbab area, South East of Egypt from Vp and Vp/Vs tomography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hosny, A.; El Hady, S.M.; Mohamed, A.A.; Panza, G.F.

2007-12-01

3-D images of P-wave velocity and Vp/Vs ratio have been produced for the upper crust of the Abu Dabbab area, North Mars Alam city. The inversion of local travel times of high quality data recorded at eleven mobile seismic stations around the study area is carried out. The best, in the least-squares sense, 1-D Vp model and the average value of Vp/Vs (1.72) were computed as prerequisites of the 3-D inversion that reaches a depth of 14 km. From the 3-D model it is evident that the distributions of Vp and Vp/Vs are characterized by marked lateral and vertical variations delineating structural heterogeneities. Due to the presence of a thin layer of sedimentary rocks saturated with surface water, low P-wave velocity and high Vp/Vs values are noticed near the surface. At greater depths, high Vp and low Vp/Vs zones may indicate crustal rocks with relatively higher rigidity and brittle behavior, while high Vp/Vs and low Vp may identify zones of relatively softer rocks, with ductile behavior. Low P-wave velocity values are observed at the intersections among the faults. Some magma intrusions could be associated to the Vp/Vs values which form an elongated anomaly, in the western part of the study area, which extends from a depth of 12 km to about 1-2 km of depth. If the obtained 3-D model is used in the relocation of selected events, they turn out to be strongly clustered in correspondence with the high velocity anomalies detected in the central part of the study area. Most of the seismicity tends to occur at the boundaries between the high and low velocity anomalies and at pre-existing weakness zones, i.e. the areas of intersection among different faults. The occurrence of the seismic activity in the vicinity of low velocity anomalies and at the boundary between velocity contrast could also be explained by the occurrence of serpentinization processes in the crust of the study area. (author)

Trabalho infantil em Pelotas: perfil ocupacional e contribuição à economia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Facchini Luiz Augusto

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O trabalho infantil é um fenômeno global de grandes proporções, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento. Estima-se que, em todo o mundo, 352 milhões de crianças e adolescentes menores de 18 anos são economicamente ativos, incluindo atividades remuneradas, trabalho não-pago, ilegal e no setor informal da economia. No Brasil, cerca de 9,3 milhões de crianças entre 10 e 17 anos trabalham. Os estudos sobre a contribuição econômica das crianças à renda familiar são escassos. Este artigo apresenta o perfil ocupacional e a contribuição econômica de crianças e adolescentes, com destaque para aspectos relacionados à idade, ao gênero, à escolaridade e à situação socioeconômica de suas famílias em uma amostra de 4.924 indivíduos entre 6 e 17 anos, representativa dos setores urbanos pobres de Pelotas. As crianças e adolescentes trabalhadores contribuíam em média com 18% da renda familiar. Dos que trabalhavam, metade contribuía no mínimo com 10% da renda familiar e um quarto respondia por 25% ou mais da renda familiar. Quanto menor a renda familiar dos adultos, maior a proporção da contribuição de crianças e adolescentes à renda familiar total, maior a exclusão escolar de adolescentes trabalhadores e maior a jornada de trabalho infanto-juvenil.

Trabalho infantil em Pelotas: perfil ocupacional e contribuição à economia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Augusto Facchini

Full Text Available O trabalho infantil é um fenômeno global de grandes proporções, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento. Estima-se que, em todo o mundo, 352 milhões de crianças e adolescentes menores de 18 anos são economicamente ativos, incluindo atividades remuneradas, trabalho não-pago, ilegal e no setor informal da economia. No Brasil, cerca de 9,3 milhões de crianças entre 10 e 17 anos trabalham. Os estudos sobre a contribuição econômica das crianças à renda familiar são escassos. Este artigo apresenta o perfil ocupacional e a contribuição econômica de crianças e adolescentes, com destaque para aspectos relacionados à idade, ao gênero, à escolaridade e à situação socioeconômica de suas famílias em uma amostra de 4.924 indivíduos entre 6 e 17 anos, representativa dos setores urbanos pobres de Pelotas. As crianças e adolescentes trabalhadores contribuíam em média com 18% da renda familiar. Dos que trabalhavam, metade contribuía no mínimo com 10% da renda familiar e um quarto respondia por 25% ou mais da renda familiar. Quanto menor a renda familiar dos adultos, maior a proporção da contribuição de crianças e adolescentes à renda familiar total, maior a exclusão escolar de adolescentes trabalhadores e maior a jornada de trabalho infanto-juvenil.

Variability of Surface pollutants and aerosol concentration over Abu Dhabi, UAE - sources, transport and current levels

Science.gov (United States)

Phanikumar, Devulapalli V.; Basha, Ghouse; Ouarda, Taha B. M. J.

2015-04-01

In the view of recent economic, industrial, and rapid development, Abu Dhabi (24.4oN; 54.4oE; 27m msl) has become one of the most populated regions in the world despite of extreme heat, frequent dust storms, and with distinctive topography. The major sources of air pollution are from the dust and sand storms, greenhouse gas emissions, and to some extent from industrial pollution. In order to realize the accurate and comprehensive understanding of air quality and plausible sources over this region, we have made a detailed analysis of three years simultaneous measurements during 2011-13 of pollutants such as O3, SO2, NO2, CO, and PM10 concentrations. Diurnal variation of meteorological parameters such as temperature and wind speed/relative humidity clearly shows daytime maximum/minimum in summer followed by pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter. The prevailing winds over this region are mostly from northwesterly direction (Shamal wind). Diurnal wind pattern showed a clear contrast with the majority of the wind pattern during nighttime and early morning is from the westerly/northwesterly and daytime is from southwesterly/southeasterly directions. The diurnal pattern of O3 shows minimum during 08 LT and increases thereafter reaching maximum at 17 LT and decreases during nighttime. However, the diurnal pattern of SO2 and NO2 show a peak at ~ 08 LT and dip at ~ 14 LT during all the seasons with some variability in each season. On the other hand, the diurnal pattern of CO shows a peculiar picture of elevated levels during daytime peaking at ~ 10 LT (prominent in summer and post-monsoon) followed by a sharp decrease and minimum is ~14 LT. PM10 concentration has an early morning peak at ~ 02 LT and then decreases to a minimum value at ~11 LT and again increases in the afternoon hours (maximum at ~17 LT) depicting a forenoon-afternoon asymmetry. Monthly variation of PM10 shows maximum in pre-monsoon season and minimum in winter. Our observations show the diurnal pattern of

Qalandar-name. Chapter 8: “Praises to Four Imams” »

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.R. Shamsimukhametova

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Presented fragment is the next part of the translation of the medieval poetic text “Qalandar-name” written by Abu Bakr Qalandar, the Sufi scholar from Crimea. This Chapter is devoted to praises to four founders of schools of islamic law (madhhab: an-Numan Abu Hanifa, Mukhammad ash-Shafii, Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Malik ibn Anas. Incorrect order of praises of Imams (Ibn Malik is mentioned after other three imams shows that author of source belongs to Shafii madhhab. The author mentions the virtues of these imams, making the main emphasis on their knowledge. Reviewing their accomplishments author mentions “hundred usul”, “Mystery of Mohammads soul”, relating to Abu Hanifa. Imam Ibn Hanbal was notable for metapharistic translation of Quran and was called “Imam of faithfuls”(although he was a subject of inquisition by mutazilits for his views on creation of Quran. Malik Ibn Anas “cleaned the house from war and demons”, he was “mujtaheed”; here we give our own rendering of Abu Bakr Qalandar’s assumptions. In this chapter Abu Hanifa is resembled to “mind”, ash-Shafi to “soul”, Ibn Hanbal to “key to perception”, and imam Malik to “revelation” and transition from worldly to spiritual – paring the skin, that was written by many other sufi theorists. Also Abu Bakr acknowledges the legitimacy of this four ‘mazhabs’, writing that ‘all of us should follow this four imams and their students’, meaning branches (furu’, legal thesis of madhhabs, that were introduced later by their students.

Evaluasi Fungsi Insinerator Dalam Memusnahkan Limbah B3 Di Rumah Sakit NI Dr.Ramelan Surabaya

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jahn Leonard Saragih

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Pengelolaan limbah padat B3 di Rumah Sakit TNI Angkatan Laut Dr. Ramelan sangat penting diperhatikan karena dapat berdampak buruk apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan adanya penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah timbulan dan penanganan limbah padat B3, mengevaluasi manajemen, penyimpanan sementara serta mengevaluasi proses insinerasi. Evaluasi fungsi incinerator di Rumah Sakit TNI Angkatan Laut Dr. Ramelan dilakukan dengan meneliti jumlah timbulan limbah B3, kapasitas pembakaran insinerator, suhu pembakaran insinerator, densitas limbah dan abu pembakaran, dan tes TCLP residu pembakaran incinerator Rumah Sakit TNI Angkatan Laut Dr. Ramelan. Dalam penelitian ini, Rumkital Dr. Ramelan memusnahkan limbah dengan incinerator. Limbah B3 yang dihasilkan Rumkital Dr. Ramelan dimusnakan dengan satu incinerator dengan type KAMINE TYPE BDR-INC 10. Limbah yang dimusnahkan di Rumkital Dr. Ramelan berasal dari Rumkital Dr. Ramelan dan Lantamal Perak. Setelah dilakukan penelitian langsung selama 14 hari berturut-turut, didapatkan bahwa rata-rata timbulan limbah B3 di Rumkital Dr. Ramelan adalah 89.98 Kg/hari dan dengan densitas rata-rata limbah ialah 166,67 kg/m3. Tinggat removal dari pembakaran limbah dengan incinerator di Rumah Sakit TNI Angkatan Laut Dr. Ramelan ialah 82,63%. Pengelolaan abu sisa incinerator Rumkital Dr. Ramelan belum sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku dan dari penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu pengujian kandungan abu incinerator, solidifikasi abu incinerator dengan perbandingan semen:abu adalah 1:3 dan uji TCLP, didapatkan bahwa limbah abu sisa insinerator Rumah Sakit TNI Angkatan Laut Dr. Ramelan Surabaya, dapat ditimbun pada landfill kategori I sesuai dengan Keputusan Kepala Bapedal No.4 Tahun 1995.

The great depression in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay : revisiting vulnerabilities and policies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gerona Morales, Marcelo Esteban; Sosa Clavijo, Silvana Maria

2015-01-01

In this thesis Marcelo Gerona and Silvana Sosa undertake an analysis of the Great Depression (1928-1934) in a sample of three highly interconnected South American countries: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay (ABU). The problem tackled in this work is the relative vulnerabilities of ABU, which

Military Review: The Professional Journal of the U. S. Army. July-August 2011

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-01

allied, and friendly audiences without censorship or propaganda.16 During the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, U.S. commanders saw the enemy use the...a similar though less resource-intensive version they called “Fire Force” based upon lessons learned in Malaysia .1 We must learn from these

United States Air Force Summer Faculty Research Program (1986). Program Technical Report. Volume 3

Science.gov (United States)

1986-12-01

is a hyperattentive state where the person is so intent on the task at hand that he/she naturally disregards irrelevant stimuli such as hunger or the...A. (1981). Interpretation of the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery. New York: Brune & Stratton. Hart, S. G., & Sheridan, T. B. (1984

Mensuração das elasticidades-preço da demanda, cruzada e renda no mercado de etanol brasileiro: um estudo usando painéis cointegrados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Chaves Borges Cardoso

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A futura escassez das fontes fósseis de energia não é opinião partilhada por toda a academia, mas a necessidade de fontes energéticas renováveis é, sim, um consenso. Com base nisso, o etanol de primeira geração a partir da cana-de-açúcar brasileira se torna uma excelente alternativa energética por apresentar melhores indicadores nos quesitos intensidade em terras, custo de produção e redução de CO2 em relação a outras culturas para produção de etanol. Porém, não há estudos que estimem a demanda de longo prazo utilizando dados em painel e que obtenham estimativas regionais para as cinco regiões brasileiras. Diante de tal lacuna, este artigo tem por objetivo estimar as elasticidades-preço, renda e cruzada da demanda por etanol, tanto no curto quanto no longo prazo. As estimativas são feitas para todo o Brasil e para as cinco regiões brasileiras, no período de julho de 2001 a julho de 2011, com bases mensais. São usados dados em painel, e as estimativas utilizam como principais estimadores o General Least Squares (GLS com correção para heterocedasticidade para encontrar as relações de curto prazo e Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS para as de longo prazo. Os resultados indicam que o etanol é um bem elástico a preço, com elasticidade por volta de -1,42 e -3,30 para o curto e longo prazo, respectivamente, e que as elasticidades-preço e cruzada de curto prazo aumentaram no período pós-flex.

Journal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Biosciences. ZAKI ABU RABI. Articles written in Journal of Biosciences. Volume 42 Issue 2 June 2017 pp 265-274 Article. Interleukin 8 in progression of hormone-dependent early breast cancer · JELENA MILOVANOVIĆ NATAŠA TODOROVIĆ-RAKOVIĆ TIJANA VUJASINOVIĆ ZAKI ABU RABI.

When the War Doesn’t End: Detainees in Legal Limbo

Science.gov (United States)

2014-05-01

it most. While the images of Abu Ghraib may have been forgotten by many, the limitless detention laws provide a legal basis that allows many to...11 Detainee Policy: Popular President Meets Unified Government. Universitat der Bundeswehr 2013, 92. 35 Strasser, Steven 2004. The Abu Ghraib

Improved Protease-Targeting and Biopharmaceutical Properties of Novel Prodrugs of Ganciclovir.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Kefeng; Xu, Hao; Hilfinger, John L; Lee, Kyung-Dall; Provoda, Chester J; Sabit, Hairat; Amidon, Gordon L

2018-02-05

The prodrug strategy has been frequently employed as a chemical approach for overcoming the disadvantages of existing parent drugs. In this report, we synthesized four monoester prodrugs of ganciclovir, an anticytomegalovirus drug, and demonstrated their potential advantages in protease-targeted activation and biopharmaceutical profiles over the parent compound. We demonstrated that these four prodrugs of ganciclovir, i.e., N-benzyloxycarbonyl-(L)-alanine-ganciclovir (CbzAlaGCV), N-benzyloxycarbonyl-(α,l)-aminobutyric acid-ganciclovir (CbzAbuGCV), N-acetyl-(l)-phenylalanine-(l)-alanine-ganciclovir (AcPheAlaGCV), and N-acetyl-(l)-phenylalanine-(α,l)-aminobutyric acid-ganciclovir (AcPheAbuGCV), are hydrolytically activated by the protease of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV), a serine protease that possesses intrinsic esterase activities. CbzAlaGCV and AcPheAlaGCV were found to be activated at a higher rate by the hCMV protease than CbzAbuGCV and AcPheAbuGCV. These ganciclovir prodrugs could potentially be targeted to selective activation by the hCMV protease which is only present at the viral infection sites, thereby achieving higher efficacy and lower systemic toxicity. The tissue stability, cellular uptake, and trans-epithelial transport of these ganciclovir prodrugs were also characterized. The N-acetylated dipeptide prodrugs of ganciclovir were found to be generally more stable than Cbz-amino acid prodrugs in various tissue matrices. Among the four prodrug candidates, AcPheAbuGCV was the most stable in human cell homogenates, plasma, and pooled liver microsomes. AcPheAbuGCV also possessed a superior cellular uptake profile and permeability across epithelial cell monolayers. Since the targeting and selective activation of a prodrug is determined by not only its rate of hydrolysis catalyzed by the hCMV protease target but also its biopharmaceutical properties, i.e., oral absorption and systemic availability, AcPheAbuGCV is considered the best overall candidate among

Biofilm formation by asymptomatic and virulent urinary tract infectious Escherichia coli strains

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hancock, Viktoria; Ferrieres, Lionel; Klemm, Per

2007-01-01

have investigated the biofilm-forming capacity on abiotic surfaces of groups of ABU strains and UPEC strains in human urine. We found that there is a strong bias; ABU strains were significantly better biofilm formers than UPEC strains. Our data suggest that biofilm formation in urinary tract infectious...

Mineral chemistry and geochemistry of the Late Neoproterozoic Gabal Abu Diab granitoids, Central Eastern Dessert, Egypt: Implications for the origin of rare metal post-orogenic A-type granites

Science.gov (United States)

Sami, Mabrouk; Ntaflos, Theodoros; Farahat, Esam S.; Ahmed, Awaad F.; Mohamed, Haroun A.

2015-04-01

The Neoproterozoic Gabal Abu Diab pluton is a part of the Arabian Nubian shield (ANS) continental crust and located in the Central Eastern Desert (CED) of Egypt. It constitutes multiphase granitic pluton intruded into granodiorite and metagabbro-diorite rocks with sharp and nonreactive contacts. Based on field observations, colors, structural variations and petrographic investigations, this granitic outcrop consists of an inner core of two-mica granite (TMG) followed outward by garnet bearing muscovite granite (GBMG) and albite granite (AG). Petrographical study indicated that medium to coarse-grained TMG is dominated by K-feldspar (Or88-98), quartz, plagioclase (albite, An0-7), muscovite and biotite with hypidiomorphic texture. With exception the appearance of garnet and the disappearance of biotite the GBMG resembles the TGM, while AG is leucocratic without any mafic mineral. The main accessories are zircon, Nb and Ta-bearing rutile, columbite, ilmenorutile, ilmenite, magnetite and apatite. This mineralogical similarity and the existence of columbite group minerals (CGM) in all granitoids, indicates a cogenetic relationship. Microprobe analyses reveal that, besides the CGM, rutile and ilmenite are the main repository phases for Nb-Ta-Ti. Columbite-(Mn) exists as individual subhedral crystals (up to 100μm in size) or intimate intergrowth with Nb-bearing rutile and/or ilmenite. The CGM are represented mostly by columbite-(Mn) with Ta/(Ta+Nb) and Mn/(Mn+Fe) ratio ranging from 0.02-0.08 and 0.4-0.9, respectively suggesting extreme degree of magmatic fractionation. Rutile contains significant amounts of Ta (up to 4 wt.% Ta2O5) and Nb (up to 22 wt.% Nb2O5). Biotites are phlogopite-annite in composition (Ann47-60Phlog40-53,on average) and are enriched with AlIV that characterize peraluminous granites. Garnets contain 60-69 mol.% spessartine and 28-36 mol.% almandine where, the ratio of spessartine and almandine together exceeds 95 mole percent, similar to garnet occur

Technology Readiness of School Teachers: An Empirical Study of Measurement and Segmentation

Science.gov (United States)

Badri, Masood; Al Rashedi, Asma; Yang, Guang; Mohaidat, Jihad; Al Hammadi, Arif

2014-01-01

The Technology Readiness Index (TRI) developed by Parasuraman (2000) was adapted to measure the technology readiness of public school teachers in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The study aims at better understanding the factors (mostly demographics) that affect such readiness levels. In addition, Abu Dhabi teachers are segmented into five main…

The 1968 Tet Offensive and the Iraq Insurgency: Examining the Role of Intelligence

Science.gov (United States)

2014-12-12

MI Brigade Task Organization, August 2003 Source: Fay, AR 15-6 Investigation of the Abu Ghraib Detention Facility. 88 Dr. Donald P. Wright and...percent.95 The insurgency continued to grow and the United States was not able to catch up. Insurgent bombings, the Abu Garaib scandal, and a multitude of

Violence in Venezuela: oil rent and political crisis Violência na Venezuela: renda petroleira e crise política

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Briceño-León

2006-06-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the changes in violence in Venezuela during the last forty years. It links the ups and downs of the oil revenues and the political crisis of the country to the changes in the homicide rates, which increased from 7 per 100 thousand inhabitants in 1970 to 12 in 1990, 19 in 1998 and 50 in 2003. The article characterizes Venezuela as a rentist society and shows its trajectory from rural violence to the beginning of urban violence, the guerilla movements of the 60s, the delinquent violence related to the abundance of oil revenues and the violence during the popular revolt and the sackings of 1989 in Caracas. After this, we analyze the coups d'état of 1992 and the influence the political violence exerted upon criminal violence. We describe the political and party changes in the country, their influence upon the stabilization of homicide rates since the mid-90s and their remarkable increase during the H. Chávez government. The article finishes with an analysis of the current situation, the official prohibition to publish statistics on homicides and with some thoughts about the perspective of greater violence in Venezuela.O presente artigo analisa as mudanças na violência ocorridas na Venezuela nos últimos quarenta anos, relacionadas com os altos e baixos da renda petroleira e com a crise política no país, fatos que contribuíram para um aumento nas taxas de homicídios: de 7 por cada cem mil habitantes em 1970 a 12 em 1990, 19 em 1998 e 50 no ano de 2003. O artigo caracteriza a Venezuela como sociedade rentista e, a partir daí, faz uma retrospecção cobrindo desde a violência rural até os inícios da violência urbana, o movimento guerrilheiro dos anos sessenta, a criminalidade resultando da abundância dos recursos petroleiros e a violência em decorrência da revolta popular e dos saques ocorridos em 1989 em Caracas. Em seguida são analisados os golpes de Estado de 1992 e o impacto que a violência política exerceu

Protótipo de um sistema de aquecimento de água para população de baixa renda usando energia solar e elétrica, com reaproveitamento de calor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marco Antônio Silva Pereira

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo consiste em uma pesquisa sobre os vários meios de aquecimento de água para o banho, buscando o uso de alternativas para viabilizar o acesso da população de baixa renda a esses benefícios. A ideia principal é fazer uma combinação dos vários sistemas existentes a fim de produzir um protótipo eficiente e de baixo custo. O protótipo constitui-se de um sistema de aquecimento solar, recuperador de calor e de um misturador de água automatizado. A representação do sistema foi obtida por meio de uma maquete do protótipo ecológico de chuveiro, englobando as diversas tecnologias estudadas.Palavras-chave: Aquecedor solar. Recuperador de calor. Misturador automatizado. Microcontrolador.Prototype of a water heating system for low-income population using solar energy and power, with reuse of heatAbstractThis paper consists of a survey on the various means of heating water for the bath, trying to use of alternatives to allow access of the low-income population. The main idea is to make a blend of various existing systems in order to produce an efficient and cost effective prototype. The prototype consists of a system of solar heating, heat recovery and an automated water mixer. The representation of the system was obtained through a model of the ecological prototype shower encompassing the several studied technologies.Keywords: Solar heating. Heat recovery. Automated mixer. Microcontroller.

Evaluasi karakteristik abu sekam padi dengan kitosan molekul tinggi nanopartikel sebagai bahan dentinogenesis (Characteristic evaluation of rice husk ash with chitosan high molecule nanoparticle as dentinogenesis material

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pretty Farida Sinta Silalahi

2014-06-01

langsung karena biokompatibel, namun bahan ini memiliki banyak kekurangan. Trioksida Mineral agregat mengandung sejumlah kecil arsenik dan setting time-nya lama, sementara HEMA dalam SIKMR bersifat sitotoksik. Abu sekam padi nanopartikel (ASPn merupakan sumber potensial dari silika. Kitosan molekul tinggi nanopartikel (KMTn dapat merangsang pembentukan dentin reparatif. Kombinasi dari kedua bahan tersebut memiliki sifat biokompatibel dan memiliki kemampuan pelapisan yang baik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa karakteristik mikrostruktur hubungan permukaan abu sekam padi dengan kitosan molekul tinggi nanopartikel pada jaringan dentin untuk melindungi jaringan pulpodential kompleks. Metode: Dua puluh empat gigi premolar mandibula yang diekstraksi untuk tujuan ortodontik digunakan sebagai sampel, gigi dibuat preparasi kavitas klas I dengan kedalaman 3 mm di atas cemento enamel junction (CEJ. Kemudian masing-masing gigi dibelah dua arah bucco-lingual dan setiap bagian dipotong menggunakan disc bur servikal. Sampel dibagi 3 kelompok, kelompok I diaplikasikan MTA, kelompok II diaplikasikan SIKMR, kelompok III diaplikasikan ASPn + KMTn. Karakterisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM pada interface antara bahan uji dan dentin berdekatan dengan pulp untuk melihat struktur mikro permukaan. Hasil: Microstructure bahan ASPn + KMTn yang diaplikasi pada dentin menunjukkan struktur seperti tag yang lebih signifikan daripada MTA. ASPn + KMTn menunjukkan kemampuan pelapisan yang lebih baik dari MTA. Porositas ASPn + KMTn lebih sedikit dari MTA dan SIKMR. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi biomaterial ASPn + KMTn dapat digunakan sebagai biomaterial aktif yang dapat menjaga integritas pulpa.

Reforming English Curriculum in United Arab Emirates: An Examination of Emirate Teachers' Beliefs and Practices Regarding the Adoption of "English Continous Assessment Rich Task" (ECART)

Science.gov (United States)

AlAlili, Sara

2014-01-01

United Arab Emirates (UAE) is currently undergoing massive educational reform, especially in the teaching and assessment methods of all subject-matter areas. In Abu Dhabi, the capital of UAE, the Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC) has mandated the revamping of English language teaching and assessment in grades 6-12 through the introduction of…

PENGARUH PERBAIKAN TANAH SALIN TERHADAP KARAKTER FISIOLOGIS Calopogonium mucunoides

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F Kusmiyati

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Peralihan fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi wilayah pemukimam dan industri menyebabkan semakinberkurangnya lahan pertanian.Hal tersebut menyebabkan pengembangan pertanian perlu diarahkan padalahan-lahan marginal seperti tanah salin.Tanah salin adalah tanah yang mengandung garam terlarut netraldalam jumlah tertentu yang berpengaruh buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman.Penelitian yangdilaksanakan bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh perbaikan tanah salin secara kimia dan biologi terhadap karakterfisiologis Calopogonium mucunoides. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3ulangan. Perbaikan tanah salin dilakukan melalui penambahan gipsum (P1, pupuk kandang (P2, abu sekampadi (P3, tanaman halofita (P4, gipsum dan pupuk kandang (P5, gipsum dan abu sekam padi (P6, gipsumdantanamanhalofita (P7, pupuk kandang dan abu sekam padi (P8, pupuk kandang dan tanaman halofita(P9, abusekam padi dan tanaman halofita (P10 dan tanpa penambahan sebagai kontrol (P0. Parameter yangdiamati adalah kandungan klorofil a, kandungan klorofil b, kandungan total klorofil, aktivitas nitrat reduktase,luas daun dan laju fotosintesis.Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan uji lanjut dengan ujiwilayah ganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b, total klorofil, aktivitasnitrat reduktase dan laju fotosintesis calopo berbeda nyata (P<0,05 lebih tinggi pada perlakuan perbaikantanah salin dibandingkan kontrol. Kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b dan total klorofil calopo pada perlakuankombinasi pupuk kandang dan abu sekam padi serta kombinasi gipsum dan pupuk kandang berbeda nyata(P<0,05 lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Aktivitas nitrat reduktase dan laju fotosintesis calopopada perlakuan kombinasi pupuk kandang dan abu sekam padi serta perlakuan pupuk kandang berbeda nyata(P<0,05 lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lainnya. Simpulan adalah perbaikan tanah salin dengan penambahankombinasi pupuk kandang dan abu

Benefits and Harms of Treatment of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by the European Association of Urology Urological Infection Guidelines Panel.

Science.gov (United States)

Köves, Bela; Cai, Tommaso; Veeratterapillay, Rajan; Pickard, Robert; Seisen, Thomas; Lam, Thomas B; Yuan, Cathy Yuhong; Bruyere, Franck; Wagenlehner, Florian; Bartoletti, Riccardo; Geerlings, Suzanne E; Pilatz, Adrian; Pradere, Benjamin; Hofmann, Fabian; Bonkat, Gernot; Wullt, Björn

2017-12-01

People with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) are often unnecessarily treated with antibiotics risking adverse effects and antimicrobial resistance. We performed a systematic review to determine any benefits and harms of treating ABU in particular patient groups. Relevant databases were searched and eligible trials were assessed for risk-of-bias and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Education quality. Where possible, a meta-analysis of extracted data was performed or a narrative synthesis of the evidence was presented. After screening 3626 articles, 50 studies involving 7088 patients were included. Overall, quality of evidence ranged from very low to low. There was no evidence of benefit for patients with no risk factors, patients with diabetes mellitus, postmenopausal women, elderly institutionalised patients, patients with renal transplants, or patients prior to joint replacement, and treatment was harmful for patients with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). Treatment of ABU resulted in a lower risk of postoperative UTI after transurethral resection surgery. In pregnant women, we found evidence that treatment of ABU decreased risk of symptomatic UTI, low birthweight, and preterm delivery. ABU should be treated prior to transurethral resection surgery. In addition, current evidence also suggests that ABU treatment is required in pregnant women, although the results of a recent trial have challenged this view. We reviewed available scientific studies to see if people with bacteria in their urine but without symptoms of urinary tract infection should be treated with antibiotics to eliminate bacteria. For most people, treatment was not beneficial and may be harmful. Antibiotic treatment did appear to benefit women in pregnancy and those about to undergo urological surgery. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fusion around the barrier for Li ·12 C

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Abstract. Fusion cross-sections for the Li +½¾. C reaction have been measured at energies above the Coulomb barrier by the direct detection of evaporation residues. The heavy evaporation residues with energies below 3 MeV could not be separated out from thea-particles in the spectrum and hence their contribution was ...

SCHREINER HOUSE

African Journals Online (AJOL)

home after her father's insolvency. Her brother. Theo (23 in 1867), headmaster of the local public school, was head of the little household, with their sister Ettie (17) as housekeeper. In the following year their younger brother Will, then eleven, joined them. The four remained together until 1870 when. Thea and Will went to ...

Observations on the health of infants at a time of rapid societal change: a longitudinal study from birth to fifteen months in Abu Dhabi.

Science.gov (United States)

Gardner, Hazel; Green, Katherine; Gardner, Andrew S; Geddes, Donna

2018-02-07

Rapid economic and cultural transition in the United Arab Emirates has been accompanied by a rise in chronic disease. Early childhood is known to affect health outcomes in adulthood. This prospective longitudinal study examined the general health of Emirati infants born in a government maternity hospital in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in October 2002. One hundred twenty-five women, who had recently given birth, were interviewed as part of a larger study encompassing a wide range of cultural, social, and behavioural aspects of health. They were then re-interviewed at three (n = 94), six (n = 59) and 15 months postpartum (n = 52). Data are presented using univariate statistics. In this study seven infants (6%) were born prematurely and four infants (3%) were classified as small for gestational age, while 11 (9%) of the infants weighed less than 2500 g. Low birth weight infants (LBW) were significantly more likely to require treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit (OR = 30.83, p = 0.00). Iron supplementation during pregnancy was associated with fewer underweight infants (OR = 3.92, p = 0.042). No associations were found between infant birth weight and maternal age, age at marriage, consanguinity, education level, current maternal employment, parity, pre-existing anaemia or anaemia in pregnancy, diabetes, folic acid intake, multivitamin intake or infant gender. Maternally-reported infant health issues, vaccination, medication, breast-feeding and infant nutrition, and use of secure car seats are also reported. The health of infants at birth in this UAE sample showed improvements compared to previous studies. The proportion of LBW infants is decreasing and continuing improvements in health care in the UAE are having a positive impact on infant health.

Burial and thermal history simulation of the Abu Rudeis-Sidri oil field, Gulf of Suez-Egypt: A 1D basin modeling study

Science.gov (United States)

Awadalla, Ahmed; Hegab, Omar A.; Ahmed, Mohammed A.; Hassan, Saad

2018-02-01

An integrated 1D model on seven wells has been performed to simulate the multi-tectonic phases and multiple thermal regimes in the Abu Rudeis-Sidri oilfield. Concordance between measured and calculated present-day temperatures is achieved with present-day heat flows in the range of 42-55 mW/m2. Reconstruction of the thermal and burial histories provides information on the paleotemperature profiles, the timing of thermal activation as well as the effect of the Oligo-Miocene rifting phases and its associated magmatic activity. The burial histories show the pre-rift subsidence was progressive but modest, whereas the syn-rift was more rapid (contemporaneous with the main rifting phases and basin formation). Finally, the early post-rift thermal subsidence was slow to moderate in contrast to the late post-rift thermal subsidence which was moderate to rapid. The simulated paleo heat flow illustrates a steady state for the pre-rift phase and non-steady state (transient) for syn-rift and postrift phases. Three geothermal regimes are recognized, each of which is associated with a specific geological domain. 1) A lower geothermal regime reflects the impact of stable tectonics (pre-rift). 2) The higher temperature distribution reflects the syn-rift high depositional rate as well as the impact of stretching and thinning (rifting phases) of the lithosphere. 3) A local higher geothermal pulse owing to the magmatic activity during the Oligo-Miocene time (ARM-1 and Sidri-7 wells). Paleoheat flow values of 100mW/m2 (Oligo-Miocene rifting phase) increased to 120mW/m2 (Miocene rifting phase) and lesser magnitude of 80mW/m2 (Mio- Pliocene reactivation phase) have been specified. These affected the thermal regime and temperature distribution by causing perturbations in subsurface temperatures. A decline in the background value of 60mW/m2 owing to conductive cooling has been assigned. The blanketing effect caused by low thermal conductivity of the basin-fill sediments has been simulated

Virulence potential of Escherichia coli strains causing asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Lavigne, Jean-Philippe; Boutet-Dubois, Adeline; Laouini, Dorsaf; Combescure, Christophe; Bouziges, Nicole; Marès, Pierre; Sotto, Albert

2011-11-01

We compared the virulence properties of a collection of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) Escherichia coli strains to urinary tract infection (UTI) strains isolated from pregnant women in a university hospital over 1 year. The in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that ABU strains presented a virulence behavior similar to that of strains isolated from cases of cystitis.

Prevalência de depressão e fatores associados em comunidade de baixa renda de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Prevalence of depression and associated factors in a low income community of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul

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Ricardo Vivian da Cunha

2012-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência e os fatores demográficos e socioeconômicos associados à depressão em adultos e idosos em uma comunidade de baixa renda de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com adultos com >20 anos de idade residentes nos distritos sanitários da Restinga e Extremo Sul, na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, de julho a dezembro de 2009. A variável dependente do estudo foi a depressão, avaliada pela Escala de Depressão Pós-Natal de Edimburgo. As variáveis independentes foram sexo, idade, situação conjugal atual, escolaridade e nível econômico. Empregou-se teste qui-quadrado de Pearson na análise bruta e regressão de Poisson com variância robusta na análise ajustada. RESULTADOS: Dentre os entrevistados, a prevalência de depressão encontrada foi de 16,1% (IC95%: 14,9%; 17,4%. Após análise ajustada, observou-se que a depressão esteve associada ao sexo feminino (RP = 2,38. Além disso, observou-se tendência de maiores ocorrência de depressão conforme o aumento da faixa etária e diminuição dos níveis de escolaridade e renda. CONCLUSÕES: Os valores de depressão encontrados foram semelhantes a outros estudos populacionais. Atenção específica deve ser destinada a mulheres e indivíduos de baixa escolaridade, que apresentaram maiores ocorrências de depressão.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with depression in adults and in the elderly in a low income community of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of adults with > 20 years of age living in the Health Districts of Restinga/Extremo Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, between July and December 2009. The dependent variable was depression measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Independent variables were sex, age, current marital status, educational level and economic level. The Chi-square test was used for the

BAIXA RENDA DO LITORAL CATARINENSE

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Luciane Peter Grillo

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar los riesgos nutricionales de los escolares entre 5 y 12 años de edad de las familias de clase baja pertenecientes a la red de enseñanza pública de la ciudad de Camboriú - SC. Fueron evaluados 819 escolares (579 niños y 240 adolescentes. Los riesgos nutricionales fueron verificados mediante la clasificación antropométrica y se constató que el 78% estaban eutróficos, 13% desnutridos y 9% con sobrepeso. La ingestión alimenticia indicó un consumo excesivo de proteínas (48% e insuficiente en azúcares (96%, vegetales (80%, grasas (68%, cereales (68% y frutas (48%. Los datos socio-económicos demonstraron que la clase predominante fue la D (43%, seguida de la C (30%, E (22% y B (5%. Se encontró que un 46% de escolares presentavan anemia ferropriva. El estudio sugiere que por medio de la identificación y el análisis de los factores nutricionales será posible la construcción de estrategias de intervención más eficaces para la promoción de la salud, siendo la cuestión nutricional un elemento primordial.

Transferência condicionada de renda e segurança alimentar e nutricional Conditional cash transfer programs and food and nutrition security

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Luciene Burlandy

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa as interações entre programas de transferência condicionada de renda (TCR e a segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN, a partir de uma revisão da literatura. Considera que a TCR impacta os gastos com alimentação, especialmente quando há dinamismo de mercado e os investimentos com outros bens que afetam o bem- estar nutricional das famílias, incluindo a demanda por educação e cuidados com a saúde. No entanto, o impacto no estado nutricional, especialmente no crescimento infantil, não é inequívoco, pois depende de outras ações que afetam este processo, tais como a disponibilidade de serviços de saúde; educação; saneamento; os custos das famílias para acessá-los; o tempo de implementação dos programas; o valor transferido; o tamanho das famílias, além das regras intrafamiliares de alocação de recursos. De igual modo, cabe analisar o processo de implementação dos programas uma vez que podem afetar (positiva ou negativamente os valores, relações e práticas sociais que contribuem para a conformação da pobreza e da SAN. A integração da TCR com outros programas é essencial para garantir seu impacto na SAN e o atual Conselho Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional constitui espaço estratégico para o planejamento integrado de políticas neste campo.This paper analyses the relationship between Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT programs and Food and Nutrition Security (FNS, based on a review of the literature. CCT programs spur outlays on food, particularly in dynamic markets, as well as investments in other goods affecting the nutritional wellbeing of families, including demands for healthcare and education. However, the impact on children's nutritional status and early childhood growth is not clear, as other factors also affect this process, such as: the availability of public services (healthcare; education; sanitation and the costs of accessing them; duration of the programs; transfer

Desigualdade de renda e eficiência técnica na geração de bem-estar entre os estados brasileiros

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Emerson Marinho

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo estima as medidas de eficiência técnica dos estados brasileiros na geração de bem-estar, entre os anos de 1986 e 1998, utilizando o método não-paramétrico Data Envelopment Analisys (DEA. São utilizadas como medidas de bem-estar a medida de Sen e, alternativamente, o PIB per capita e o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH. Adicionalmente, são calculadas as medidas de desigualdade de renda inter/intra-regional de Theil para se analisar a trajetória da desigualdade no Brasil como uma determinante do bem-estar. Comparando as medidas de desigualdade no início e no final do período, nota-se que apenas nas regiões nordeste e sudeste ocorreram reduções significativas da desigualdade e que as medidas de desigualdade totais não sofreram qualquer modificação significativa durante o período analisado. Quanto às medidas de eficiência na geração de bem-estar, o modelo utilizando a medida de bem-estar de Sen aponta os estados de São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Amazonas, Roraima e Amapá como sendo os mais eficientes na geração de bem-estar. O modelo com PIB per capita, replica basicamente os resultados anteriores. Finalmente, utilizando o IDH, os estados acima citados, mantém-se ainda como os mais eficientes com exceção do estado de São PauloIn this paper we utilize the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, a non-parametric method, to estimate measures of technical efficiency of the Brazilian states in the generation of welfare between 1986 and 1998. The basic welfare measures considered include the measure developed by Sen and, alternatively, GDP per capita and the Human Development Index (HDI. Additionally, Theil's inter and intra-regional income inequality measures are calculated so that the path of income inequality as a determinant of welfare could also be analyzed for Brazil. Comparing these inequality measures in the beginning and in the end of the period in analysis, we note that only in the Northeast and in the

INCREASE INCOME AND MORTALITY OF COLORRECTAL CANCER IN BRAZIL, 2001-2009

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Raphael Mendonça GUIMARÃES

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Context Several international studies have observed a correlation between the improvement of socio-demographic indicators and rates of incidence and mortality from cancer of the colon and rectum. Objective The objective of this study is to estimate the correlation between average per capita income and the rate of colorectal cancer mortality in Brazil between 2001 and 2009. Methods We obtained data on income inequality (Gini index, population with low incomes (½ infer the minimum wage/month, average family income, per capita ICP and mortality from colon cancer and straight between 2001-2009 by DATASUS. A trend analysis was performed using linear regression, and correlation between variables by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results There was a declining trend in poverty and income inequality, and growth in ICP per capita and median family income and standardized mortality rate for colorectal cancer in Brazil. There was also strong positive correlation between mortality from this site of cancer and inequality (men r = -0.30, P = 0.06, women r = -0.33, P = 0.05 income low income (men r = -0.80, P Contexto Diversos estudos internacionais têm observado uma correlação entre a melhora dos indicadores sociodemográficos e as taxas de incidência e mortalidade por câncer de cólon e reto. Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo é estimar a correlação entre renda média per capita e a taxa de mortalidade por câncer colorretal no Brasil entre 2001 e 2009. Métodos Obteve-se os dados de desigualdade de renda (índice de Gini, população que vive com baixa renda (inferir a ½ salário mínimo/mês, renda média familiar, PIB per capita e taxa de mortalidade por câncer de cólon e reto entre 2001 e 2009 através do DATASUS. A análise de tendência foi realizada através do método de regressão linear, e a correlação entre as variáveis através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Resultados Observou-se tendência ao declínio da

Technical feasibility of a seabed gallery seawater intake at Ras Abu Ali Island, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

KAUST Repository

Rachman, Rinaldi

2014-07-23

Open-ocean intake systems require extensive and advanced pretreatment unit operation to produce feed water with low membrane fouling potential in seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) facilities. Alternatively, subsurface intake systems tend to produce high quality raw seawater even before pretreatment. Subsurface intakes extract seawater indirectly through the geological structure of shoreline or nearshore sediments. Water percolation through geological units provides physical and biological treatment, so that the raw seawater is microbiologically stable with relatively low particulate and organics content. Overall, utilization of subsurface intakes will reduce the intensity of pretreatment, which reduces operating cost, lowers chemical and energy consumption, and reduces environmental impacts. An important aspect in the feasibility of a subsurface intake is the compatibility of the local geological environment. In this study, a field investigation was conducted at Ras Abu Ali Island in the Arabian Gulf. This location currently contains an of existing oil company facilities and a proposed governmental marine fish hatchery facility. Recreational, commercial, and domestic potable water uses require the need to use the SWRO process to meet demands. Characterization of the shoreline and marine offshore bottom were performed as well as observation of tidal fluctuations and wave heights. A specific grid area was chosen where 35 sediment samples were collected from the seabed floor for laboratory analysis of grain size distribution, sediment porosity, and hydraulic conductivity. Onsite observation showed that the marine bottom has a low slope creating a wide intertidal area. The lowest tidal zone is more than 150 m from the shoreline defining a far seaward boundary for the intake construction point. A relatively thin layer of mixed-type sediment (carbonate and siliciclastic) covers the marine hardground bottom. The unlithified bottom sediment contains a low mud percentage

Influência do cálculo de depreciação no imposto de renda e no fluxo de caixa de uma atividade de transporte florestal Influence of methods for calculating depreciation on the income tax and cash flow of a forest transportion activity

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Luis Carlos de Freitas

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho buscou ilustrar um cenário de alternativas na cobrança de impostos, baseado em diferentes métodos de depreciação. A referência foi a atividade de transporte florestal, sendo o estudo desenvolvido para o caminhão bitrem. O fluxo de caixa foi calculado antes e depois dos impostos, sendo estes determinados com base num porcentual incidido sobre a renda tributável, que variou em função das metodologias utilizadas no cálculo da depreciação. Após a elaboração do fluxo de caixa pós-impostos, realizou-se um estudo econômico utilizando o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL. O impacto do imposto de renda ocasionou retrações na VPL de 53,36%, 52,22%, 50,54%, 48,07% e 47,72% quando se consideraram, respectivamente, os seguintes métodos de depreciação: soma inversa dos dígitos, fundo de renovação, linear, exponencial e soma dos dígitos. A metodologia mais compatível para o bitrem foi a mesma que apresentou maior VPL (soma dos dígitos, indicando que o método adotado pelo governo pode acarretar sobrecarga tributária. Isso reflete a necessidade de se estabelecerem critérios mais justos na cobrança de impostos, através da adoção de metodologias mais adequadas às realidades dos equipamentos.This work sought to illustrate a scenario of alternatives to taxation, based on different methods of depreciation. The parameter was the forest transportation activity, being the study developed for the Bitrem truck. Cash flow was calculated before and after taxation, which values were determined on the basis of a percentage on the taxable income, varying according to the methodologies used for calculating depreciation. After drawing up the post-taxation cash flow, an economic study was carried out using Net Present Value (NPV. The impact of the income tax caused a reduction in NPV of 53.36%, 52.22%, 50.54%, 48.07% and 47.72% respectively when considering the following methods of depreciation: inverse sum of the digits ; sinking fund

Identification of genes important for growth of asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli in urine.

Science.gov (United States)

Vejborg, Rebecca M; de Evgrafov, Mari R; Phan, Minh Duy; Totsika, Makrina; Schembri, Mark A; Hancock, Viktoria

2012-09-01

Escherichia coli is the most important etiological agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Unlike uropathogenic E. coli, which causes symptomatic infections, asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) E. coli strains typically lack essential virulence factors and colonize the bladder in the absence of symptoms. While ABU E. coli can persist in the bladder for long periods of time, little is known about the genetic determinants required for its growth and fitness in urine. To identify such genes, we have employed a transposon mutagenesis approach using the prototypic ABU E. coli strain 83972 and the clinical ABU E. coli strain VR89. Six genes involved in the biosynthesis of various amino acids and nucleobases were identified (carB, argE, argC, purA, metE, and ilvC), and site-specific mutants were subsequently constructed in E. coli 83972 and E. coli VR89 for each of these genes. In all cases, these mutants exhibited reduced growth rates and final cell densities in human urine. The growth defects could be complemented in trans as well as by supplementation with the appropriate amino acid or nucleobase. When assessed in vivo in a mouse model, E. coli 83972carAB and 83972argC showed a significantly reduced competitive advantage in the bladder and/or kidney during coinoculation experiments with the parent strain, whereas 83972metE and 83972ilvC did not. Taken together, our data have identified several biosynthesis pathways as new important fitness factors associated with the growth of ABU E. coli in human urine.

Selection of a Planning Horizon for a Hybrid Microgrid Using Simulated Wind Forecasts

Science.gov (United States)

2014-12-01

microgrid robustness and efficiency and may provide operators with real-time guidance and control policies for microgrid operation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The...A PLANNING HORIZON FOR A HYBRID MICROGRID USING SIMULATED WIND FORECASTS Mumtaz Karatas Turkish Naval Academy Tuzla, Istanbul, 34942, TURKEY Emily M...Craparo Dashi I. Singham Naval Postgraduate School 1411 Cunningham Road Monterey, CA, 93943 USA ABSTRACT Hybrid microgrids containing renewable energy

Synthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial Nanomaterials

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

and silver coatings on surgical steel .30 Uniform antimicrobial coatings were deposited on surgical stainless steel blades and needles using an...electrophoretic deposition technique. Electrodeposited films firmly adhered to stainless steel surfaces even after extensive washing and retained the...as modified materials for personal hygiene to limit biofilm formation on materials exposed to the environment. Two approaches explored within are

Ethical analysis of the new proposed mental health legislation in England and Wales

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Lepping Peter

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract This paper ethically analyses arising out the proposed changes to the Mental Health Act for England and Wales. It looks in particular at thea shift in philosophy that the author claims has occurred with the proposals away from rights-focused principles to more utilitarian or outcome-focused principles. It gives examples of these changes and explores itstheir consequences.

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: To Treat or Not To Treat. Pro Treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Köves, Béla

2018-06-14

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) should be treated only in pregnant women and before urological procedures that breach the mucosa. In all other clinical settings, treatment of ABU is not beneficial and only contributes to antibiotic-associated morbidity and the selection of antibiotic resistance; therefore, screening and treatment are not recommended. Copyright © 2018 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Combating Daesh: A Socially Unconventional Strategy

Science.gov (United States)

2015-06-01

to those that pledge political support.49 Auyero et al . outline four scenarios where clientelism may spur collective action.50 The first is...to al -Baghdadi Abu Ahmad al -Alwani Direct tie to al -Baghdadi Adnan Latif Hamid al -Sweidawi Wilaya Anbar Governor Fadel Ahmad Abdullah al -Hiyali...Exploitation, SME, Unconventional Warfare, UW, Irregular Warfare, IW, Abu Badr al -Baghdadi, Army Operating Concept, AOC, Human Domain Mapping

The Unintended Consequences of Killing Civilians

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-17

and masturbation , and other forms of sexual humiliation, were not unique to Abu Ghraib. Similar abuses also occurred...enhanced] “interrogation techniques” practiced at Guantanamo Bay and Abu Ghraib, and similar facilities not on American soil, did not fall under...people,’ and the best way to do that is by sharing best practices and improving overall COIN awareness.”62 The International Security Assistance Force

Comparison of the diagenetic and reservoir quality evolution between the anticline crest and flank of an Upper Jurassic carbonate gas reservoir, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Science.gov (United States)

Morad, Daniel; Nader, Fadi H.; Gasparrini, Marta; Morad, Sadoon; Rossi, Carlos; Marchionda, Elisabetta; Al Darmaki, Fatima; Martines, Marco; Hellevang, Helge

2018-05-01

This petrographic, stable isotopic and fluid inclusion microthermometric study of the Upper Jurassic limestones of an onshore field, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE) compares diagenesis in flanks and crest of the anticline. The results revealed that the diagenetic and related reservoir quality evolution occurred during three phases, including: (i) eogenesis to mesogenesis 1, during which reservoir quality across the field was either deteriorated or preserved by calcite cementation presumably derived from marine or evolved marine pore waters. Improvement of reservoir quality was due to the formation of micropores by micritization of allochems and creation of moldic/intragranular pores by dissolution of peloids and skeletal fragments. (ii) Obduction of Oman ophiolites and formation of the anticline of the studied field was accompanied by cementation by saddle dolomite and blocky calcite. High homogenization temperatures (125-175 °C) and high salinity (19-26 wt% NaCl eq) of the fluid inclusions, negative δ18OVPDB values (-7.7 to -2.9‰), saddle shape of dolomite, and the presence of exotic cements (i.e. fluorite and sphalerite) suggest that these carbonates were formed by flux of hot basinal brines, probably related to this tectonic compression event. (iii) Mesogenesis 2 during subsidence subsequent to the obduction event, which resulted in extensive stylolitization and cementation by calcite. This calcite cement occluded most of the remaining moldic and inter-/intragranular pores of the flank limestones (water zone) whereas porosity was preserved in the crest. This study contributes to: (1) our understanding of differences in the impact of diagenesis on reservoir quality evolution in flanks and crests of anticlines, i.e. impact of hydrocarbon emplacement on diagenesis, and (2) relating various diagenetic processes to burial history and tectonic events of foreland basins in the Arabian Gulf area and elsewhere.

Navy Irregular Warfare and Counterterrorism Operations: Background and Issues for Congress

Science.gov (United States)

2017-03-21

Interrogation Group, questioned the Somali terrorist on “all but a daily basis.” He was cooperative throughout and some reports suggest that subsequent U.S...Ahmed Abu Khattala faced days of questioning aboard the USS New York from separate teams of American interrogators , part of a two-step process...attention on an interrogation strategy that the Obama administration has used in just a few recent terrorism investigations and prosecutions. Abu

Osama’s Wake: The Second Generation of Al Qaeda

Science.gov (United States)

2005-08-01

Hilweh refugee camp in Lebanon.28 • Abu Bakar Bashir, the Indonesian cleric and co-leader of the Jemaah Islamiya (JI). Bashir has close contacts...and Abu Bakar Bashir (JI) can generate the finances, find the sanctuary, and attract willing volunteers, they have the equal potential to become...fall of the Ottoman sultanate in his video message of October 2001.3 The current struggle against Western civilization is categorized by salafist

Yield and net income of unripe corn in function of the hilling dates / Produção e renda líquida de milho verde em função da época de amontoa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diovany Doffinger Ramos

2009-07-01

foi nos tratamentos 14-42 e 14-28-42 DAS e a menor foi no sem amontoa (7.000 espigas ha-1. A produção de espigas comerciais variou de 38.000 espigas ha-1 no tratamento 28 DAS e 41.000 espigas ha-1 nos tratamentos 14, 42, 28-42 e 14-28-42 DAS. O custo de produção variou de R$ 1.315,90 ha-1, no tratamento sem amontoa, a R$ 1.774,17 ha-1, onde se fez amontoa aos 14-28-42 DAS. A maior renda líquida foi de R$ 2.684,10 ha-1 onde não se fez amontoa e a menor foi de R$ 2.166,81 ha-1 onde se fez amontoa aos 14-42 DAS. Nas condições em que foi desenvolvido o experimento concluiu-se que deve ser recomendado o cultivo sem amontoa porque apresentou o menor custo de produção e a maior renda líquida.

Information Fusion for Hypothesis Generation under Uncertain and Partial Information Access Situation

Science.gov (United States)

2008-07-21

been well investigated in the past. LE CHATELIER -BRAUN’S PRINCIPLE provides a basis for response against perturbations for systems in equilibrium, as...layer from the low level voltage fluctuation. (Fig. 3) Fig 3: Airplane as an example of engineered robust system In principle , robustness of the...as fundamental architectural principle Since the system will be used under hostile and uncertain environments, robustness shall be the major

A Conceptual Model of Military Recruitment

Science.gov (United States)

2009-10-01

Hiring Expectancies – Expectancy (VIE) Theory ( Vroom , 1996) states individuals choose among a set of employment alternatives on the basis of the...A Conceptual Model of Military Recruitment Presented at NATO Technical Course HFM 180 – Strategies to Address Recruiting and Retention Issues in...the Military Fariya Syed October, 2009 Based on A Proposed Model Of Military Recruitment (Schreurs & Syed, 2007) Report Documentation Page

The economics of renewable electricity market integration. An empirical and model-based analysis of regulatory frameworks and their impacts on the power market

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nicolosi, Marco

2012-07-01

As power systems increase in complexity due to higher shares of intermitting RES-E, so increase the requirements for power system modeling. This thesis shows empirically, with examples from Germany and Texas, that the increasing RES-E share strongly affects current power market operation. The markets further create price signals, which lead to system adaptations in the long-run. To get an estimate of the adaptation effects, 'The High Temporal Resolution Electricity Market Analysis Model' (THEA) has been developed. In a first application for the ERCOT market in Texas, particular model attributes are tested and compared to some complexity reducing approaches, i.e. the reduction of temporal resolution and the reduction of operational constraints. In both cases, the results show significant differences compared to the results when the full spectrum of THEA's capabilities is utilized. The ERCOT case study additionally shows that the adaptation to RES-E in an isolated, mainly thermal-based power system is quite severe. Market signals which underline this conclusion are the severely reduced value of wind energy, the increasing curtailment and the strong shift towards peak-oriented generating capacities. The second application of THEA models the German power market with its interconnected markets. This analysis increases the complexity significantly by modeling a well interconnected system, increasing the amount of different RES-E technologies and adding CAES investment options. In order to assess the impact on the different system component's supply, demand and grid infrastructure, specific measures are applied to compare several scenarios. Each scenario represents a policy option, which either reduces or increases the flexibility of the power system. The scenario comparisons capture the effects of a lower RES-E share, a larger baseload capacity fleet, higher interconnector capacities, various RES-E support scheme designs and the capability of RES-E to

The Fight for the High Ground: The U.S. Army and Interrogation during Operation Iraqi Freedom I, May 2003-April 2004

Science.gov (United States)

2009-06-12

Captain Wood has stated that she " plagiarized " the interrogation policy of TF 121 (according to news reporting, the name of this SMU task force at...the time of her plagiarization ) to create a draft interrogation policy for her own interrogators at Abu Ghraib. 85 She then submitted this draft...29 Ibid. 30 Lieutenant Colonel Dean Bland, The Abu Ghraib Scandal: Impact on the Army Profession and the Intelligence Process, Academic Research

Karakteristik Fisiko-Kimiawi (Morfologi, Higroskopisitas, pH dan Toksisitas Panel Bangunan yang Dihasilkan dari Komposit Limbah Abu Terbang Batu Bara (Fly Ash, Daun-Ampas Tebu, Jerami-Sekam Padi dan Ijuk (Palm Fiber

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yulianto P. Prihatmaji

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang karakteristik fisiko-kimiawi (morfologi, higroskopisitas, ph dan toksisitas panel bangunan yang dihasilkan dari komposit limbah abu terbang batu bara (fly ash, daunampas tebu, jerami-sekam padi dan ijuk (palm fiber. Berdasarkah hasil uji dan analisis fisiko-kimiawi kaitannya dengan morfologi secara makroskopis menunjukkan bahwa komposit panel bangunan dari berbagai macam jenis bahan baku tersebut tampak menyatu secara solid dengan ikatan kimia antar bahan yang terlibat. Bahan organik yang berupa limbah ampas-daun tebu, jerami-sekam padi, dan ijuk tampak menyatu padu dengan komponen anorganiknya berupa fly ash dan semen. Kaitannya dengan higroskopisitasnya, produk panel bangunan yang dihasilkan tampaknya tidak terpengaruh oleh iklim dan kelembaban di dalam maupun di luar ruang karena kadar air panel bangunan yang diuji pada hari ke-30 dan hari ke-60 relatif stabil yakni 19,65% yang berarti normal. Kaitannya dengan tingkat keasaman (pH, panel bangunan yang dihasilkan menunjukkan kondisi yang aman/tidak menyebabkan iritasi karena pH: 7-8 yang berarti tidak mengiritasi/aman. Adapun hasil uji dan analisis toksisitas fly ash dilakukan menggunakan indikator biologis; mencit menunjukkan harga LD50: 32,915 mg/kg (bb yang berarti relatif tidak berbahaya. Kutu air menunjukkan harga LC50: 75,515 ppm (7,552% yang berarti hampir tidak toksik dan ikan mas menunjukkan harga LC50: 121,943 ppm (12,194% yang berarti tidak toksik. Oleh sebab itu produk panel bangunan yang dihasilkan dapat dipastikan aman dikonsumsi.

Identifikasi Gen Aerolysin dan Sensitivitas Antibiotik Aeromonas Hydrophila Penyebab Kematian Tukik (Lepidochelys olivacea di Pulau Serangan, Bali

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rima Ratnanggana Prasetya

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pathogene of Aeromonas hydrophila genes (Aerolysin as the cause of Lepidochelys olivacea death and to perform the antibiotic sensitivity test for antibiotic that often used in order to provide the best antibiotic treatment in the field case. The method used was the identification test using primary cultures on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA and Mac Conkey Agar (MCA medium, then followed by Gram staining, oxidase, catalase, and biochemical tests. Then, aerolysin genes detection was performed by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR method, while oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and kanamycin were tested for their sensitivity. From five samples of dead Lepidochelys olivacea, bleeding on the liver and intestine were observed. The identification result of bacteria was found A. hydrophila, and identified the gene encoding aerolysin. The antibiotic sensitivity test showed a sensitive category of A. hydrophila with a sensitivity level were oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and streptomycin. The main cause of Lepidochelys olivacea death in Turtle Conservation and Education Centre, Serangan Island, Bali was A. hydrophila which contains aerolysin genes, in which oxytetracycline seems to be the most effective drug for the treatment. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan adanya gen patogen (Aerolysin pada Aeromonas hydrophila sebagai penyebab kematian tukik penyu abu-abu serta mengetahui kepekaan obat antibiotic yang sering digunakan sehingga dapat memberikan terapi yang tepat pada kasus di lapangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah uji identifikasi menggunakan kultur primer pada media Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA dan Mac Conkey Agar (MCA, dilanjutkan uji pewarnaan Gram, uji oksidase, uji katalase, dan uji biokimiawi. Setelah itu dilakukan deteksi gen aerolysin menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR, serta dilakukan uji sensitivitas antibiotik oxytetracycline

Urine interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor β1 in infants with urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria

Science.gov (United States)

Krzemień, Grażyna; Turczyn, Agnieszka; Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata

2016-01-01

Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs in 1.1% of girls and 1.4% of boys during the first year of life. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is usually detected incidentally in 0.9% of girls and 2.5% of boys at this age. The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of measurement of pro-inflammatory urine interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 concentrations and anti-inflammatory transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) level in infants with febrile UTI, non-febrile UTI and ABU. Material and methods A total of 35 children, mean age 6.14 ±3.47 months, were divided into three groups: group I – febrile UTI (n = 13), group II – non-febrile UTI (n = 13) and group III – ABU (n = 9). At the time of enrollment urine IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1 and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured. Renal ultrasound was performed in all children, 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy (DMSA) and voiding cystourethrography in children with UTI. Results Urine concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in febrile UTI compared to those with non-febrile UTI and ABU (p children with febrile UTI compared to those with ABU (p children with UTI. No significant difference in frequency of an abnormal DMSA scan compared to a normal scan was found in groups with febrile and non-febrile UTI. No relations between urine cytokines, systemic inflammatory markers and changes in DMSA scan were observed. The cutoff value for detection of inflammatory changes in the DMSA scan for IL-8 was 120 pg/mg creatinine (Cr) and 40 pg/mg Cr for TGF-β1. Based on this value, the sensitivity for IL-8 was 58.3%, specificity 100% and for TGF-β1 66.7% and 83.7%, respectively. Conclusions We found significant differences in children with febrile UTI and ABU regarding urine IL-6, IL-8 and TGF-β1 levels. Urine cytokines and systemic inflammatory markers do not differentiate between upper and lower UTI in infants. PMID:27833443

Perfil sociodemográfico e estado de saúde auto-referido entre idosas de uma localidade de baixa renda Perfil sociodemográfico y estado de salud auto-referido entre ancianas de una comunidad de escasos recursos Socio-demographic profile and self-reported health status of elderly women in a low-income community

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Inês Sousa

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos foram elaborar diagnóstico sociodemográfico e identificar a auto-percepção quanto ao estado de saúde de mulheres idosas de uma localidade de baixa renda do município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de corte seccional, desenvolvido em três momentos: grupos focais exploratórios; Censo da População Idosa e inquérito domiciliar com as idosas identificadas no Censo. Os sujeitos foram 369 idosas, correspondendo a 83,5% da população elegível. As mulheres corresponderam a 62,8% do total de idosos da comunidade, apresentando uma condição social nada favorável (49,3% são analfabetas, 44,7% estão viúvas, 62,3% tem renda mensal de até um salário mínimo e 22,0% declararam não ter renda. Apesar de 62,0% afirmarem que têm uma boa saúde, 80,5% referiram apresentar algum problema de saúde. Pela sua própria condição (idosa, mulher e pobre, o grupo já se encontra potencialmente numa situação de risco e de desvantagem social em relação a outros grupos.El objetivo fue elaborar un perfil sociodemográfico e identificar la auto-percepción en relación al estado de salud de mujeres ancianas que viven en una comunidad de escasos recursos de un municipio de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Se trata de un estudo de tipo descriptivo, de corte seccional, desarrollado en tres momentos: grupos focales exploratórios; Censo de la población anciana y encuestas en los domicilios con las ancianas identificadas en el Censo. Los sujetos del estudio fueron 369 ancianas, lo que corresponde a 83,5% de la población elegible . Las mujeres correspondieron a 62,8% del total de ancianos de la comunidad y presentan una condición social nada favorable (49,3% son analfabetas, 44,7% son viudas, 62,3% tienen una renta mensual de hasta un salario mínimo y 22,0% declararon no tener ningún ingreso . A pesar de que 62,0% de las ancianas aseguren contar con una buena salud, 80,5% afirmaron que tienen algún problema de salud. Por

Historical origin and types of reading (recitation science

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. A. Valiyev

2017-08-01

Due to the reading the meaning of the verse is understood so:«God is afraid of his servant scientists». But the true meaning of this verse is «only scientists among his servants are afraid of God». İbnul-Jazari said that this verse is false, and this opinion is not told by Abu Hanifa, the author of this verse is not Abu Hanifa. Some commentators noted that the investigation was not related to him.

Failed State 2030: Nigeria - A Case Study

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-01

wake of Abacha’s death, army general Abdulsalami Abu - bakar assumed the role of head of state. He immediately freed one past leader, General Obasanjo...Iraqi Freedom, he served as vi the deputy chief of interdiction in the Combined Air Operations Center, Prince Sultan Air Base, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia...November 2007. Bah, Abu Bakarr. “Approaches to Nation Building in Post-Colonial Nigeria.” Journal of Political and Military Sociology, Summer 2004, 45–56

Project Turnover Deliverables for the SY Farm Enraf Annulus Leak Detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

SCAIEF, C.C.

2000-01-01

This document identifies the deliverables that ensure the end user of the SY Farm Enraf Annulus Leak Detectors (ALD) has all the documentation and training required for operating and maintaining the new system. All deliverable items checked on the Acceptance For Beneficial Use (ABU) form have been completed and are available to the end user. This document was written as required by HNF-IP-0842, Volume IV section 3.12 Acceptance of Structures, Systems, and Components for Beneficial Use. This document applies to the deliverable documentation required to operate and maintain the SY Farm Enraf ALD System. Appendix A provides a copy of the ABU form as listed in the appendix of TWR-4092, Engineering Task Plan for the New SY Farm Annulus Leak Detectors. This document attests that all required deliverable items checked on the ABU have been completed and are available to the end user

The Forgotten Airman - Major General Oliver P. Echols and How He Won WWII

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

Interwar US Army Aviation and the Air Corps Tactical School, 211. 63 Boyd L. Dastrup, The US Army Command and General Staff College: A Centennial ...Army Command and General Staff College: A Centennial History (Manhattan, KS: Sunflower University Press, 1982), 86. During Echols’ time at CGSS, the...a Depression -era work relief program established under President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal to provide employment to young unmarried men

Evaluation of Resuspension from Propeller Wash in Pearl Harbor and San Diego Bay

Science.gov (United States)

2014-07-01

Figure 45) for twin-engine tug-boat. Input parameters for the model include propeller type (Kort nozzle or traditional), propeller diameter, thrust ...2D velocity field revealed by PIV. The vector field represents the actual velocity field subtracting the mean stream-wise velocity averaged over the...A. 1974. Fundamental Aspects of Surface Erosion of Cohesive Soils. Ph.D. thesis , University of California, Davis, Davis, CA. Liao, Q., H. A

Atmospheric Icing on Sea Structures,

Science.gov (United States)

1984-04-01

results. ESTIMATION OF ICING INTENSITY Freezing process When supercooled water drops fall or move with wind, hit a structure, and freeze, the...a collision with another drop- let, with the ground, or with a structure. When a supercooled droplet hits a solid obstacle, it spreads and turns to...accretion is likely. The meteorological conditions that prevail during ship icing have been studied widely (Shektman 1968, Tabata 1968, Borisenkov and

The Baker's cyst - a diagnostic problem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meydam, K.

1981-01-01

Precise definition of Baker's cyst has been prevented by variety of synonyms. Following anatomical description, Baker's determination, and investigations of myself one should differentiate between the rupture of capsule, bursa semimembranos-gastrocnemia, and Baker's cyst because thea are clearly independent from the pathologic-anatomical point of view. Clinical importance of Baker's cyst in connection with further diseases of the knee joint and therapeutical possibilities are discussed. (orig.) [de

Electrostatic Discharge Properties of Irradiated Nanocomposites

Science.gov (United States)

2009-03-01

School of Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology Air University Air Education and Training Command In Partial Fulfillment of the...a small time scale. Genetic Algorithms were born from evolutionary biology research. The GA is based on the principles of reproduction, cross...B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 208, 48-57. [11] J. F. Fennel and J. L. Koons , “Spacecraft Charging: Observations and Relationship

Alumoxanes: Rationalization of Black Box Materials

Science.gov (United States)

1993-05-18

complexes for the synthesis of polyketones , ICH2CH(R)C(O)in. The activity observed is comparable to commercial systems but without the instability issues...see below). Commercial samples of polyketones suffer from severe thermal decomposition during melt processing. The Patent literature describes the...as well as the structure and molecular weight of the polymer. We intend to further our work with the catalytic synthesis of polyketones . We will

Prophy-Jet: Effect on Surface Roughness and Plaque Accumulation on Restorative Materials.

Science.gov (United States)

1986-01-01

that, considering the advantages, the Prophy-Jet might be the preferred treatment, especially for orthodontic patients. Mishkin et al.(23) compared the...a problem, since aerosols of these two substances were created by the abrasive action, initiated a resorptive response with 20 an associated slight...prophylaxis on orthodontic patients and caused no significant damage to wires or brackets. They recommended the Prophy-Jet for cleaning of occlusal pits

Cyber Insurance - Managing Cyber Risk

Science.gov (United States)

2015-04-01

disaster response plans, how employees and others access data systems, and at a minimum, the antivirus and anti- malware software used by the business, the...a policy for insuring data stored in the cloud.[5] Typically, businesses that install or ser- vice software or networks or provide IT consulting for...security, and privacy. Errors and omissions covers claims related to performance of services such as software development or consulting services

Improving Face Verification in Photo Albums by Combining Facial Recognition and Metadata With Cross-Matching

Science.gov (United States)

2017-12-01

with our method. The third chapter presents the description and implementation of our approach. We provide a definition of the dataset, the...a means of classification using the shape and the texture. 16 Figure 7. 3D Alignment Pipeline. Adapted from [20]. In 2014, Facebook announced...Stating that face recognition consists of four main stages, detect ⟹ align ⟹ represent ⟹ classify, the Facebook team’s intent is to revisit the

Injury Prevention and Performance Enhancement in 101st Airborne Soldiers

Science.gov (United States)

2009-10-01

assessments consisting of strength, cardiorespiratory, anaerobic, and body composition tests. Isokinetic strength testing 10 was performed on the...a meter or more. Moreover, the maximum VGRF experienced during landing tasks performed in the field could be much greater than the standardized... isokinetic strength. Subjects were assigned to groups based on the DoD’s standard for body fat (Group 1: ≤18% BF; Group 2 >18% BF). Soldiers who met

Applications of Probabilistic Combiners on Linear Feedback Shift Register Sequences

Science.gov (United States)

2016-12-01

on the resulting output strings show a drastic increase in complexity, while simultaneously passing the stringent randomness tests required by the...a three-variable function. Our tests on the resulting output strings show a drastic increase in complex- ity, while simultaneously passing the...10001101 01000010 11101001 Decryption of a message that has been encrypted using bitwise XOR is quite simple. Since each bit is its own additive inverse

Defense Acquisition Review Journal. Volume 17, Number 1, Issue 53

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

2010 | 1 5 0 stYle We will require you to submit your final draft of the manuscript, especially citations (endnotes instead of footnotes), in the...format specified in two specific style manuals. The ARJ follows the author (date) form of citation . We expect you to use the Publication Manual of the...a reference librarian in completing citation of government documents because standard formulas of citations may provide incomplete information in

The Annual Meeting (16th) and the 20th Day of Scientific Lectures of the National Society of Black Physicists

Science.gov (United States)

1993-04-24

Johnson, J. Kiraly, E. Moshey, G. Renda , S. Sesnic, N. R. Sauthoff, F. Tenney and K. M. Young, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 56, 840 (1985). (4) J. Schivell, G... Renda , J. Lawrence, and H. Hsuan, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 1527 (1982); J. Schivell, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 56, 972 (1985) (5) L. A. Vainshtemi and U. I...was confused in at least two major ways. First, the descriptions of both were in our lab books allowing us extra timE to prepare for the second

The Tortured Body, the Photograph, and the U.S. War on Terror

OpenAIRE

Hernandez, Julie Gerk

2007-01-01

Julie Gerk Hernandez, in her article "The Tortured Body, the Photograph, and the U.S. War on Terror," engages in an analysis of the institutional mechanisms that lead to dehumanizing violence as a result of the ongoing allegations of torture of detainees at U.S. military bases at Abu Ghraib, in Afghanistan, and at Guantánamo. Hernandez conducts her investigation by examining the photographed torture at Abu Ghraib as an atavistic resurgence of the representational practices at work in post-Civ...

Абу Бакр Каландар Каландар-наме. Глава 2. «Восхваление и благословение в отношении Мухаммада Мустафы»

OpenAIRE

ИСМАГИЛОВА МИЛЯУША; ШАГАВИЕВ ДАМИР АДГАМОВИЧ

2014-01-01

The present fragment contains the translated continuation of a medieval poetic text “Qalandar-name” written by the Crimean Sufi author Abu Bakr Qalandar. This fragment contains the second chapter devoted to praising (Salawat) the Prophet Muhammad, after which the poet will glorify his righteous caliphs (al-Khulafa al-rashidun). As it appears from the author’s praises, he was a follower of Sunni Islam and, at the same time, a representative of the Sufi order (tariqa). Titles and names that Abu...

Metabolism of methylamine in the tea plant (Thea sinensis L.)

Science.gov (United States)

Suzuki, Takeo

1973-01-01

1. The metabolism of methylamine in excised shoot tips of tea was studied with micromolar amounts of [14C]methylamine. Of the [14C]methylamine supplied 57% was utilized by tea shoots during the 10h experimental period. 2. The main products of [14C]methylamine metabolism in tea shoots were serine, γ-glutamylmethylamide, theobromine, caffeine and CO2. There was also incorporation of the label into glutamate, aspartate, RNA purine nucleotides and S-adenosylmethionine. 3. The formation of methylamine from γ-glutamylmethylamide was confirmed by feeding tea shoots with γ-glutamyl[14C]methylamide. The products of γ-glutamyl[14C]methylamide metabolism in tea plants were serine, theobromine, caffeine, glutamate and aspartate. 4. The results indicate that the oxidation of methylamine to formaldehyde is the first step of methylamine utilization. Labelled formaldehyde released by the metabolism of methylamine leads to the incorporation of the label into metabolites on the C1 pathways of this compound. It is also suggested that formaldehyde is further oxidized via formate to CO2. 5. The role of γ-glutamylmethylamide in methylamine metabolism in tea plants is discussed. 6. Results support the view that theobromine is the immediate precursor of caffeine. PMID:4721610

Fluorine in food with special reference to tea

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zimmerman, P.W.; Hitchcock, A.E.; Gwirtsman, J.

A review of the literature showed that in 1932 commercial tea, Camellia sinensis Kuntze (Thea sinensis L., Camellia thea Link.), was known to contain fluorine (F). Since ornamental camellias (C. japonica L.) and tea are members of the Theaceae family, comparisons were made of the F in leaves of the two species. The dry leaves of various domestic brands of tea, composed mostly of young leaves, contained 72 to 115 parts per million (p.p.m.) F and Chinese tea 131 to 178 p.p.m. F on a dry weight basis. One sample of fresh leaves of greenhouse grown tea plants contained 1530 p.p.m. F on a dry weight basis and the older leaves of ornamental camellias up to 3062 p.p.m. F. One sample of young leaves of C. japonica contained 67 p.p.m. F. Thus both species of Camellia have the capacity to accumulate relatively large amounts of F, especially in the older leaves. The infusion (beverage) from one tea bag in 4.5 fluid oz. of water contained 0.8 to 1.7 p.p.m. F after 3 minutes steeping and 1.0 to 2.0 p.p.m. F after 3 minutes boiling.

Polymerase Chain Reaction Pool Screening Used To Compare Prevalence of Infective Black Flies in Two Onchocerciasis Foci in Northern Sudan

Science.gov (United States)

Higazi, Tarig B.; Zarroug, Isam M. A.; Mohamed, Hanan A.; Mohamed, Wigdan A.; Deran, Tong Chor M.; Aziz, Nabil; Katabarwa, Moses; Hassan, Hassan K.; Unnasch, Thomas R.; Mackenzie, Charles D.; Richards, Frank

2011-01-01

Onchocerciasis remains an important debilitating disease in many areas of Africa, including Sudan. The status of infection transmission in 2007 was assessed in the vectors of two disease foci in Sudan: Abu Hamed in northern Sudan, which has received at least 10 years of annual treatment and Galabat focus in eastern Sudan, where only minor, largely undocumented treatment activity has occurred. Assessment of more than 30,000 black flies for Onchocerca volvulus infectious stage L3 larvae by using an O-150 polymerase chain reaction protocol showed that black fly infectivity rates were 0.84 (95% confidence interval = 0.0497–1.88) per 10,000 flies for Abu Hamed and 6.9 (95% confidence interval = 1.1–16.4) infective flies per 10,000 for Galabat. These results provide entomologic evidence for suppressed Onchocerca volvulus transmission in the Abu Hamed focus and a moderate transmission rate of the parasite in the Galabat focus. PMID:21540385

Deliberate Establishment of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria-A Novel Strategy to Prevent Recurrent UTI.

Science.gov (United States)

Wullt, Björn; Svanborg, Catharina

2016-07-29

We have established a novel strategy to reduce the risk for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), where rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance poses a major threat. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) protects the host against symptomatic infections with more virulent strains. To mimic this protective effect, we deliberately establish ABU in UTI-prone patients, who are refractory to conventional therapy. The patients are inoculated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) 83972, now widely used as a prototype ABU strain. Therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated in a placebo-controlled trial, supporting the feasibility of using E. coli 83972 as a tool to prevent recurrent UTI and, potentially, to outcompete antibiotic-resistant strains from the human urinary tract. In addition, the human inoculation protocol offers unique opportunities to study host-parasite interaction in vivo in the human urinary tract. Here, we review the clinical evidence for protection using this approach as well as some molecular insights into the pathogenesis of UTI that have been gained during these studies.

Active Learning Using Arbitrary Binary Valued Queries

Science.gov (United States)

1990-10-01

active learning in the sense that the learner has complete choice in the information received. Specifically, we allow the learner to ask arbitrary yes...no questions. We consider both active learning under a fixed distribution and distribution-free active learning . In the case of active learning , the...a concept class is actively learnable iff it is finite, so that active learning is in fact less powerful than the usual passive learning model. We

Loengud. Kontsert. Koorid. Teated

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Loengust "Muusikaesseistika I" 19. sept. Lai t 34 aud 72. Kontsertidest: Tartu raekojas 22. sept. esineb hispaania ansambel Zarabanda, TÜ aulas 20. sept. esinevad "Meistrite akadeemia" sarjas Pille Lille Muusikute Toetusfondi laureaat Anna-Liisa Bezrodnõi viiulil ja Thea Nestor klaveril. TÜ Kammerkoor ja Tartu Akadeemiline Meeskoor võtavad vastu uusi liikmeid (info: www.ut.ee/TYKK ja www.tam.eu). Tartu Ülikooli rahvakunstiansambel ootab uusi tantsijaid (info: www.ut.ee)

Multi-Organizational Collaborative Public Safety and Security Planning for the 2010 Vancouver Winter Games

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-01

intermediaries bridging the gap between safety and security officials. The OCS also had the closest relationship to the three main organizations in the...a clearly shared mission and boundary-spanning personnel that are able to bridge organizational cultures and adapt to the complex challenges...commandement et contrôle) et le transfert des connaissances à partir d’événements semblables passés ou en fonction d’événements futurs. Pendant

Improving Aerosol and Visibility Forecasting Capabilities Using Current and Future Generations of Satellite Observations

Science.gov (United States)

2015-08-27

using ground observations from the NASA Aerosol Robotic Network (AERGNET) and the Micropulse Lidar Network (MPLNET). APPROACH To achieve the...as well as column-integrated x from one High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) site at Huntsville, AL during the NASA Studies of Emissions and...which was built in FY14, has been tested with GOES-13 data. Figure la shows the gridded (l0xl0 Latitude, Longitude) GOES radiance data from cloud

Heat Exchanger Design and Testing for a 6-Inch Rotating Detonation Engine

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-01

water-cooled rotating detonation engine ( RDE ) run on hydrogen and air. The change in water temperature as it cooled the engine was used to find the...a quick-response resistance temperature detector (RTD) was used in an uncooled RDE of similar dimension to the cooled RDE to estimate the transient...double-checking my design calculations, providing his experience with cooling the 3-inch RDE , and for providing technical expertise in regard to the

Treatment of ’Battlefield Detainees’ in the War on Terrorism

Science.gov (United States)

2007-01-23

that belligerency is not violative of international law, but is merely unprotected by it). 40 See W. Thomas Mallison and Sally V. Mallison, The...as an individual or as an agent of the opposing state. POWs are detained for security purposes only, to remove those soldiers from further...for personal gain rather than agents of a state, and they could be summarily shot.93 (Modern rules require a fair criminal trial).94 The first

Gatekeeper Training for Suicide Prevention: A Theoretical Model and Review of the Empirical Literature

Science.gov (United States)

2015-01-01

effectiveness of such trainings or of intervention behaviors. The model is consistent with Bandura’s social cognitive theory , which posits that...interactions between environmental and personal factors influence the learning of new behav- ior ( Bandura , 2001). The model is depicted in Figure 1. In the...A., “ Social Cognitive Theory : An Agentic Perspective,” Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 52, 2001, pp. 1–26. Bean, G., and K. M. Baber

Effects of Simulated Surface Effect Ship Motions on Crew Habitability. Phase II. Volume 3. Visual-Motor Tasks and Subjective Evaluations

Science.gov (United States)

1977-05-01

simulated rmotions ; and detaiJl.s on the daily work/rest schedule, as well as the overall run ,schedule (Ref.20). * Volume 4, "Crew Cognitive Functions...the outset: 1) the very small sampling of well- motivated crewmen made it difficult to generalize the results to a wider population; and 2) the...a:; backups. Selection of primary crewmen was based on satisfactory task learning and motivation demonstrated during the training period, any minor

Utidig historie

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holm, Henrik

2009-01-01

Anakronistisk perspektivering af Abildgaards maleri "Den sårede Filoktet", inspireret af Nietzscheansk historieteori og Foucaulsk bio-politik. Der trækkes referencer til torturbillederne fra Abu Ghraib fængslet i Bagdad og tales om homoerotiske træk i maleriet.......Anakronistisk perspektivering af Abildgaards maleri "Den sårede Filoktet", inspireret af Nietzscheansk historieteori og Foucaulsk bio-politik. Der trækkes referencer til torturbillederne fra Abu Ghraib fængslet i Bagdad og tales om homoerotiske træk i maleriet....

Nível de desenvolvimento e tecnologia de distribuição de alimentos em países selecionados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leidy Diana Souza de Oliveira

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo comparar os sistemas de distribuição de alimentos em países com diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento. Especificamente: i identificar padrões de demanda e analisar as características do mercado de alimentos; ii verificar as relações entre a estrutura dos sistemas varejistas de alimento e padrões econômicos, sociais, culturais e prevalecentes de compra e iii identificar as estratégicas adotadas pelos varejistas. Para tanto, foi efetuada uma revisão em estudos prévios disponíveis. Os países estudados foram: renda alta (Estados Unidos e Reino Unido; renda média-alta (África do Sul e Brasil; renda média-baixa (China e Guatemala e renda baixa (Madagascar e Vietnã. Os resultados mostram a existência de importantes diferenças no desenvolvimento do varejo de alimentos entre os países analisados. Revelam, ainda, que qualidade e variedade dos produtos são fatores importantes na estratégia de varejo em países de renda alta e média-alta; nos países de renda média-baixa e baixa destaca-se o preço dos alimentos. A principal implicação é o impacto que os supermercados causam em todos os elos das cadeias agroindustriais.The aim of the article is to compare food distribution systems in different countries. For this purpose, a review of previous studies available was made. Specifically: i identification of demand patterns and analysis of characteristics of the food market; ii analysis of relations between the structure of the food retail systems and the economic, social, cultural and prevailing purchasing patterns and iii identification of strategies adopted by retailers. Countries studied were: high income (the United States and the United Kingdom; with upper-middle income (South Africa and Brazil; lower-middle income (China and Guatemala and low income (Vietnam and Madagascar. Results show that there are important differences in the development of food retailing among studied countries. Furthermore

Origin of a Tertiary oil from El Mahafir wildcat & geochemical correlation to some Muglad source rocks, Muglad basin, Sudan

Science.gov (United States)

Fadul Abul Gebbayin, Omer. I. M.; Zhong, Ningning; Ali Ibrahim, Gulfan; Ali Alzain, Mohamed

2018-01-01

Source rock screening analysis was performed on four stratigraphic units from the Muglad basin namely; Abu Gabra, Zarqa, Ghazal, and Baraka formations using pyrolysis and Vitrinite Reflectance (Ro). Results, integrated with the chromatographic and isotopic data from these rocks extracts and a Tertiary oil from El Mahafir-1 wild cat, were used to determine the origin of the oil. A good organic source within the Middle Abu Gabra Formation is observed in wells El Toor-6 and Neem Deep-1 (TOC, 1.0-2.0% & S2 5.0-10.0 mg C/g rock), with mixed kerogens I, II, & III, and thermally mature (% Ro = 0.74-0.94). The Campanian-Early Maastrichtian sequence, i.e. Zarqa and Ghazal formations are generally poor (TOC, diversity, both in space and time and is characterized by dominant algal input at some areas and or stratigraphic intervals [Elevated tricyclics, higher C29/C30 hopanes (0.5-1.14), and relatively low Gammacerane indices (4.6-14.4)], while mixed with abundant terrigenous material at others. A direct correlation between El Mahafir oil and the Abu Gabra extracts is thus inferred based on: its mixed organic source nature, oxic to sub-oxic depositional environment (Pr/Ph 1.22), relatively low C29/C30 hopanes (0.54), low C28 steranes (29%), and a high gammacerane index (20.5). This is largely supported by the maturity modeling results which suggest generation is only from the Abu Gabra at this location.

Gamma activity as a guide for the building raw materials selection and controlling the environmental hazards

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. Ibrahim

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The spectrometric measurements can provide an alarm for the radiation activity and radioelement concentra-tions. The activity increase over the ambient background can be achieved by well calibrated gamma-spectrometers. In comparison between Wadi El-Dahl and Abu Zawal quarries for building raw materials (feld-spar, the activity concentration of El-Dahl stream sediments are 54.5 and 44.5 Bq/kg for uranium and thorium respectively. While the activity concentration of Abu Zawal rock quarry are 167.03 and 79.77 Bq/kg for uranium and thorium respectively. These activities yielding effective dose rates of 0.63 mSv/y for Wadi El-Dahl stream sediments and 1.48 mSv/y for Abu Zawal rock quarry. In summary, the spectrometric measurements are excellent selective tool to monitoring the environment against the radiation risk. In this aspect, Wadi El-Dahl stream sedi-ment quarry considered as the more suitable for producing feldspar as a raw materials to building industry. In comparison, Abu Zawal rock quarry has a higher effective dose rate exceeds the international permissible limits which is 1 mSv/y. A total of 19 feldspar samples were completely described regarding their general chemical fea-tures by using x-ray fluorescence. From the study all the samples contain high concentration of barium and ru-bidium which can separate using different methods in order to use in different important industry.

Adolescent maternity in a low income community: experiences revealed by oral history Maternidad en la adolescencia en una comunidad de bajos ingresos: experiencias a través de historia oral Maternidade na adolescência em uma comunidade de baixa renda: experiências reveladas pela história oral

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Luiza Akiko Komura Hoga

2008-04-01

fatores associados a cada família, cultura e sociedade. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever as experiências da trajetória da maternidade na adolescência. O método da história oral foi desenvolvido e coletado as narrativas de 21 adolescentes mães moradoras em uma comunidade de baixa renda localizada na Cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. As seguintes categorias descritivas emergiram das narrativas: Gravidez: um evento da fase inicial do relacionamento; Conhecimento e acesso insuficientes aos contraceptivos, a inferioridade de gênero e o desejo de Deus: os modos de visualizar a gravidez; Fugir dos problemas familiares e definir o curso da vida: os significados pessoais atribuídos à gravidez; Mais ganhos que perdas: o balanço da maternidade na adolescência. A maternidade na adolescência no contexto da baixa renda envolve fatores muito complexos e requer um cuidado integral e integrado, centrado na pessoa e na família.

The impact of the microcredit of the Popular Bank of Teresina in the income of the entrepreneur of confections

OpenAIRE

Raimundo Nonato Moura Rodrigues

2008-01-01

Esta dissertaÃÃo à resultado de um estudo sobre o microfinanciamento oferecido pelo Banco Popular de Teresina â BPT. AtravÃs dele, pretende-se analisar os fatores determinantes da renda dos indivÃduos que recorrem ao financiamento na modalidade de microcrÃdito com o propÃsito de saber se os financiamentos oferecidos por essa entidade contribuem para a melhoria da renda do microempreendedor do ramo de confecÃÃes de Teresina-PI. à uma pesquisa bibliogrÃfica e documental, com abordagem quantitat...

Análise da participação dos autoprodutores e produtores independentes de energia no setor elétrico brasileiro.

OpenAIRE

Mônica Marcondes

2008-01-01

Historicamente o suprimento de energia elétrica no Brasil, desempenha papel de destaque no crescimento econômico nacional, por conta da sua capacidade de agregar renda através do fomento às grandes indústrias. Sua forte associação na composição da renda nacional preocupa de maneira geral todos os envolvidos e interessados no abastecimento de energia que, na pauta dos últimos governos, discute a priorização dos investimentos para o setor. O domínio do setor por pequenos investidores consolidou...

Post mortem examination report concerning Nadim Nuwwara

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leth, Peter Mygind

2014-01-01

Post mortem examination report concerning Nadim Nuwawara, 17-years old, who was killed may 15 2014 in Beitunia near Rahmallah, Palestine. The examination was performed by an international team consisting of dr. Saber Al-Aloul, director of the Medico Legal Institute at Quds University, dr. Marc A....... Krouse, Deputy Chief Medical Examiner, Office of Chief Medical Examiner, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, dr. Chen Kugel, Chief Forensic Pathologist, Abu Kabir Institute of Forensic Medicine, Tel Aviv, dr. Ricardo Pablo Nachman, forensic expert at Abu Kabir Institute of Forensic Medicine, Tel Aviv and dr. Peter...

Determinantes da demanda internacional de carne bovina brasileira: evidências de quebras estruturais

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Laércio Juarez Melz

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é verificar as variáveis de impacto na demanda internacional por carne bovina entre janeiro de 1995 e junho de 2013. O método utilizado foi de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários com Quebras, obtendo-se quatro quebras, cinco regimes. As variáveis independentes na regressão foram os preços de exportação e internos das carnes de bovinos, frangos e suínos, além da renda e da taxa de câmbio. No primeiro regime, a demanda por carne bovina foi elástica em relação aos preços, tanto interno quanto externo, da carne de frango e preço interno da carne bovina. Porém, a elasticidade-renda foi mais significativa. No segundo regime, a relação de preços externos foi inelástica. A elasticidade-renda foi significativa neste regime e houve impacto da taxa de câmbio. No terceiro regime, a demanda foi inelástica em relação aos preços externos das carnes de frango e bovina e elástica aos preços internos das mesmas carnes. A taxa de câmbio também teve impacto significativo. No quarto regime, a demanda foi elástica em relação ao preço interno e inelástica em relação aos preços externos e internos do frango. A renda passa a ser novamente significativa. No quinto regime, a demanda é elástica em relação ao preço externo dos suínos, interno do bovino e à renda. Houve tendência significativa de crescimento no segundo regime e de recessão no primeiro e terceiro regimes.

Mulher: A Quebra do Paradigma da Função Reprodutiva

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Rubia Elza Martins de Sousa

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Diante das mudanças ocorridas, busca-se uma nova configuração do espaço rural, procurando diversificar os produtos e as atividades agrícolas e não-agrícolas, visto que ambas se configuram capazes de promover a inserção dos produtores rurais nas atividades desenvolvidas. Entretanto surge a necessidade de buscar alternativas para complementação da renda, uma vez que a baixa produtividade e a falta de organização faz a produção insuficiente para manter as famílias no campo. É neste contexto que surgem as atividades pluriativas, com o objetivo de dar suporte financeiro às famílias, no que tange a ser um elemento suplementar a renda familiar, gerando assim a melhoria da qualidade de vida e fixando essas famílias no campo. Neste sentido nota-se a importância de analisar o papel das mulheres frente ao desenvolvimento de atividades pluriativas no campo, pois atualmente percebe-se uma modificação do papel feminino dentro do contexto familiar rural, visto que essas eram percebidas apenas com papel reprodutivo, papel esse que era desempenhado apenas no âmbito doméstico e que se relaciona em síntese aos afazeres domésticos e ao cuidado com os filhos, enquanto que aos homens cabe o papel produtivo por estarem diretamente ligados ao desenvolvimento da agricultura e pecuária, atividades estas que geram renda monetária; mas atualmente esse fato tem sofrido modificações, pois as mulheres rurais estão cada vez mais inseridas no mercado de trabalho por meio do desenvolvimento de atividades pluriativas, sendo assim é gerada renda complementar a família através do trabalho feminino, de forma que a mulher passa a ter além do papel reprodutivo o papel produtivo pelo fato de gerar renda por meio de seu desempenho no desenvolvimento de atividades de cunho não-agrícola.

Stable carbon isotopic composition of petroleum condensate from the nile Delta and western Sinai fields and its correlation with crude oils and natural gases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abd El Samie, S.G.

2006-01-01

Twenty six of condensate samples from three provinces; Abu Madi (onshore NE Delta), Port Fouad (offshore) in the Mediterranean sea, and Abu Rudeis areas, were analyzed and correlated to the Nile Delta, Gulf of Suez and western desert crude oils. Different isotopic results were obtained specifying each group that reflects the depositional environment, temperature gradient and maturation level of organic matter in each area. The mean isotopic results (av. σ 13 C) of Abu Madi condensate samples reached about -26.41 close to the values of the western desert total oil, indicating thermal graded fluid and depositional environment very close to the western desert in hydrocarbon type (mainly of terrestrial sources), thermal condition and long time of deposition. The offshore Port Fouad condensate samples have relatively wide range of σ 13 C between -27.24 to -24.03% representing mixing between marine and terrestrial hydrocarbons migrated from the near shore areas of the Nile Delta to the Mediterranean sea sub-basins. Abu Rudeis condensate samples have the isotopic signature of σ 13 C = -30.09 to -29.05% close to the Gulf of Suez crude oil samples which reflect the deposition under mainly marine environment of the Red Sea basins. As petroleum condensates considered as moderate compounds between oils and gases, their isotopic contents refer to the produced oil or gas from the same sample. Though condensate samples are correlated with gases produced from the Nile Delta. Based on carbon isotopic values of methane and light gas fractions, the produced gases from the Nile Delta could be generated mainly from terrestrial sources enriched in σ 13 C of C 2 +. These gases are classified according to the thermogenic origin enriched in σ 13 C C H4 in the Nile Delta onshore fields in Abu Madi formation. In shallower formations (Kafr El Sheikh formation), isotopically light gases were found in the NE direction and appeared to be of biogenic source, whereas mixed gases were found in

A Controlled Quasi-Experimental Study of an Educational Intervention to Reduce the Unnecessary Use of Antimicrobials For Asymptomatic Bacteriuria.

Science.gov (United States)

Irfan, Neal; Brooks, Annie; Mithoowani, Siraj; Celetti, Steve J; Main, Cheryl; Mertz, Dominik

2015-01-01

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) should only be treated in cases of pregnancy or in-patients undergoing urologic procedures; however, unnecessary treatment of ABU is common in clinical practice. To identify risk factors for unnecessary treatment and to assess the impact of an educational intervention focused on these risk factors on treatment of ABU. Quasi-experimental study with a control group. Two tertiary teaching adult care hospitals. Consecutive patients with positive urine cultures between January 30th and April 17th, 2012 (baseline) and January 30th and April 30th, 2013 (intervention). In January 2013, a multifaceted educational intervention based on risk factors identified during the baseline period was provided to medical residents (monthly) on one clinical teaching unit (CTU) at one hospital site, with the CTU of the other hospital serving as the control. During the baseline period, 160/341 (46.9%) positive urine cultures were obtained from asymptomatic patients at the two hospitals, and 94/160 (58.8%) were inappropriately treated with antibiotics. Risk factors for inappropriate use included: female gender (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.3), absence of a catheter (OR 2.5, 1.2-5), bacteriuria versus candiduria (OR 10.6, 3.8-29.4), pyuria (OR 2.0, 1.1-3.8), and positive nitrites (OR 2.2, 1.1-4.5). In 2013, only 2/24 (8%) of ABU patients were inappropriately treated on the intervention CTU as compared to 14/29 (52%) on the control CTU (OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02-0.49). A reduction was also observed as compared to baseline on the intervention CTU (OR 0.1, 0.02-0.7) with no significant change noted on the control CTU (OR 0.47, 0.13-1.7). A multifaceted educational intervention geared towards medical residents with a focus on identified risk factors for inappropriate management of ABU was effective in reducing unnecessary antibiotic use.

A Controlled Quasi-Experimental Study of an Educational Intervention to Reduce the Unnecessary Use of Antimicrobials For Asymptomatic Bacteriuria.

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Neal Irfan

Full Text Available Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU should only be treated in cases of pregnancy or in-patients undergoing urologic procedures; however, unnecessary treatment of ABU is common in clinical practice.To identify risk factors for unnecessary treatment and to assess the impact of an educational intervention focused on these risk factors on treatment of ABU.Quasi-experimental study with a control group.Two tertiary teaching adult care hospitals.Consecutive patients with positive urine cultures between January 30th and April 17th, 2012 (baseline and January 30th and April 30th, 2013 (intervention.In January 2013, a multifaceted educational intervention based on risk factors identified during the baseline period was provided to medical residents (monthly on one clinical teaching unit (CTU at one hospital site, with the CTU of the other hospital serving as the control.During the baseline period, 160/341 (46.9% positive urine cultures were obtained from asymptomatic patients at the two hospitals, and 94/160 (58.8% were inappropriately treated with antibiotics. Risk factors for inappropriate use included: female gender (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.3, absence of a catheter (OR 2.5, 1.2-5, bacteriuria versus candiduria (OR 10.6, 3.8-29.4, pyuria (OR 2.0, 1.1-3.8, and positive nitrites (OR 2.2, 1.1-4.5. In 2013, only 2/24 (8% of ABU patients were inappropriately treated on the intervention CTU as compared to 14/29 (52% on the control CTU (OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02-0.49. A reduction was also observed as compared to baseline on the intervention CTU (OR 0.1, 0.02-0.7 with no significant change noted on the control CTU (OR 0.47, 0.13-1.7.A multifaceted educational intervention geared towards medical residents with a focus on identified risk factors for inappropriate management of ABU was effective in reducing unnecessary antibiotic use.

Source rock

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Abubakr F. Makky

2014-03-01

Full Text Available West Beni Suef Concession is located at the western part of Beni Suef Basin which is a relatively under-explored basin and lies about 150 km south of Cairo. The major goal of this study is to evaluate the source rock by using different techniques as Rock-Eval pyrolysis, Vitrinite reflectance (%Ro, and well log data of some Cretaceous sequences including Abu Roash (E, F and G members, Kharita and Betty formations. The BasinMod 1D program is used in this study to construct the burial history and calculate the levels of thermal maturity of the Fayoum-1X well based on calibration of measured %Ro and Tmax against calculated %Ro model. The calculated Total Organic Carbon (TOC content from well log data compared with the measured TOC from the Rock-Eval pyrolysis in Fayoum-1X well is shown to match against the shale source rock but gives high values against the limestone source rock. For that, a new model is derived from well log data to calculate accurately the TOC content against the limestone source rock in the study area. The organic matter existing in Abu Roash (F member is fair to excellent and capable of generating a significant amount of hydrocarbons (oil prone produced from (mixed type I/II kerogen. The generation potential of kerogen in Abu Roash (E and G members and Betty formations is ranging from poor to fair, and generating hydrocarbons of oil and gas prone (mixed type II/III kerogen. Eventually, kerogen (type III of Kharita Formation has poor to very good generation potential and mainly produces gas. Thermal maturation of the measured %Ro, calculated %Ro model, Tmax and Production index (PI indicates that Abu Roash (F member exciting in the onset of oil generation, whereas Abu Roash (E and G members, Kharita and Betty formations entered the peak of oil generation.

Lectures in Complex Systems, (1992). Volume 5

Science.gov (United States)

1993-05-01

recall that this is roughly, within an order of magnitude, of what we guessed would be the relaxation rate from simple Navier-Stokes equation noodling . The...as well. A consistent value of A(s) is then the constant determined at each instant of time by the global length constraint. This implies JdsnUo + A...curvature in the vicinity of sink); and time disorder (motion in a potential with random variation of instant potential slope). To use these models for

NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation for d-Limonene

Science.gov (United States)

1993-11-01

of natural hydrocarbons referred to as terpenes (d-limonene is a monoterpene ). The other form of limonene is called 1-limonene, and a mixture of the...as a flavor and fragrance additive in perfumes, soaps, foods, chewing gum and beverages, and is the most widely distribiit. monoterpene ." 4’ The use of...effect and skin irritation of monocyclic monoterpenes . Drug Des Deliv 6:229-238. 29. Hooser SB, Beasley VR, Everitt J1 [1986]. Effects of an

Review Report for Flood Control and Recreational Development, Little Colorado River at Holbrook, Arizona. Volume 2. Technical Appendix.

Science.gov (United States)

1980-09-01

Anasasi culture (Wendorf�: .160). Pueblo I s it is possible that the Kayenta people end thea inhabi- taints of the central Little Colorado shared...the -same Kayenta - type structure during aseakrIII,* Pueblo 1, and early Pueblo It time (Oumerman and Skimner 1968: 139). Anasazi- Mogollon contacts...entity within this area (see Fig. 4). Five early Pueblo II sites, A.D. 900 to 107S, recorded in the Hopi Buttes area are almost pure Kayenta sites

The Expanding Context of European and Mediterranean Security: A Joint Project Between the Center for Naval Analyses (CNA) and Centro Militare di Studi Strategici (CeMiSS)

Science.gov (United States)

2007-07-01

viable state with its flag in Jerusalem . The final criterion is that there should be peacekeepers on the ground buffering between Israel and the...Observation Force) was further deployed in 1974. The war restored Egypt’s confidence, which permitted Sadat to go to Jerusalem , which then led to the...a Warsaw Pact attack on the west, NATO did not insist upon the turnover of fugitive Adolf Eichmann as a pre-condition for joining (note the contrast

Influence of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency-Associated Transcript (LAT) on the Distribution of Latently Infected Neurons

Science.gov (United States)

2007-03-20

the Qiagen AllPrep DNA/RNA Minikit ( Valencia , CA) after homogenization with an Omni rotor-stator homogenizer with disposable tips (Omni...VP19, VP23, and VP26. VP5 makes pentons ( orange ) and hexons (red), connected by triplexes of VP19 and VP23 (green). Hexons are decorated at the...A. Mallakin, D. C. Bloom , and J. M. Hill. 2003. Overlapping subdeletions within a 348-bp in the 5’ exon of the LAT region that facilitates

Desigualdade de acesso a serviços de saneamento ambiental nos municípios brasileiros: Evidências de uma Curva de Kuznets e de uma Seletividade Hierárquica das Políticas?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos César Santejo Saiani

2014-05-01

Full Text Available O principal objetivo do artigo foi verificar a relação entre a desigualdade de acesso aos serviços de saneamento ambiental e a renda dos domicílios. Além disso, foi analisado se a desigualdade de acesso é influenciada por outras variáveis relacionadas à oferta dos serviços, em especial, pelos aspectos políticos. Três hipóteses foram testadas: (i se existe relação positiva entre a desigualdade de acesso e a desigualdade de renda; (ii se a relação entre a desigualdade de acesso aos serviços e à renda per capita é semelhante à Curva de Kuznets (CK; e (iii se existe Seletividade Hierárquica das Políticas (SHP nesses serviços. Os resultados obtidos para os municípios brasileiros nos anos 1991 e 2000 sinalizaram a existência de uma SHP nos três serviços considerados, mas a CK se verificou apenas no abastecimento de água.

A distribuição das transferências, público-alvo e cobertura do Benefício de Prestação Continuada = The Distribution of transfers, target-group and coverage of the Continuous Cash Benefit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Medeiros, Marcelo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo propõe uma nova definição operacional de deficiência e uma metodologia de cálculo para estimar as distribuições de pessoas idosas e deficientes incapazes para o trabalho e vida independente, dos benefícios e dos níveis de cobertura do Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC, segundo diferentes estratos de renda da população brasileira. São usados dados do Censo 2000, da Pnad 2006 e de registros administrativos do MDS. A estimativa indica que a população de idosos e deficientes incapazes distribui-se uniformemente nos estratos de renda, mas os benefícios são distribuídos predominantemente nos grupos de renda mais baixa da população, com a cobertura maior entre os mais pobres. Os resultados sugerem que a cobertura da população-alvo ainda é insuficiente e que o programa apresenta erros de focalização, mas estes são, em sua maioria, de baixa intensidade

Gyrodactylus aff. mugili Zhukov, 1970 (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae) from the gills of mullets (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) collected from the inland waters of southern Iraq, with an evalutation of previous records of Gyrodactylus spp. on mullets in Iraq.

Science.gov (United States)

Kritsky, Delane C; Ali, Atheer H; Khamees, Najim R

2013-11-01

Gyrodactylus aff. mugili Zhukov, 1970 (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae) is recorded and described from the gill lamellae of 11 of 35 greenback mullet, Chelon subviridis (Valenciennes) (minimum prevalence 31%), from the brackish waters of the Shatt Al-Arab Estuary in southern Iraq. The gyrodactylid was also found on the gill lamellae of one of eight Speigler's mullet, Valamugil speigleri (Bleeker), from the brackish waters of the Shatt Al-Basrah Canal (minimum prevalence 13%). Fifteen Klunzinger's mullet, Liza klunzingeri (Day), and 13 keeled mullet, Liza carinata (Valenciennes), collected and examined from southern Iraqi waters, were apparently uninfected. The gyrodactylids from the greenback mullet and Speigler's mullet were considered to have affinity to G. mugili Zhukov, 1970, and along with G. mugili may represent members of a species complex occurring on mullets in the Indo-Pacific Region. A single damaged gyrodactylid from the external surfaces of the abu mullet, Liza abu (Heckel), was insufficient for species identification. Previously identified species of Gyrodactylus recorded on L. abu in Iraq by various authors were considered possible misidentifications or accidental infections.

First report of the concentrations and implications of DDT residues in chicken eggs from a malaria-controlled area.

Science.gov (United States)

Bouwman, Hindrik; Bornman, Riana; van Dyk, Cobus; Barnhoorn, Irene

2015-10-01

In malaria-endemic areas, where DDT is still used for vector control by indoor residual spraying (IRS), the concentrations of DDT in human blood and breast milk are high, and there are indications of human health impacts. To identify the possible avenues of exposure reduction, we created the concept of a Total Homestead Environment Approach (THEA). THEA characterizes the interactions between DDT, humans, and the biota within and around homesteads. One dietary route of human exposure and uptake of DDT, namely, chicken egg consumption, has to our knowledge never been studied. The ΣDDT in eggs from a DDT-sprayed village ranged between 5200 and 48,000 ng/g wm (wet mass), with a median of 11,000 ng/g wm. On a lipid mass-basis (lm), the mean ΣDDT for eggs from the sprayed village was 100,000 ng/g lm. The maximum egg concentration observed was three orders of magnitude higher than the median. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) was not exceeded based on the consumption of three eggs per week for a 60 kg person. This equates to an intake of 0.089 g DDT per person per year. Chicken egg consumption is therefore a possible target for exposure reduction, probably best achieved by reducing the DDT concentrations in soils. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perfil de risco: método multivariado de classificação sócio-econômica de microáreas urbanas - os setores censitários da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marilia Sá Carvalho

1997-10-01

Full Text Available Visando desenvolver métodos de estudo de microáreas urbanas, que permitam a integração de variáveis em um perfil sócio-econômico, foi analisado o censo demográfico de 1991, por setor censitário. Estudaram-se aspectos de: saneamento, ocupação do terreno, escolaridade, domicílio, demografia e renda. A análise de componentes principais para cada tema permitiu selecionar 15 indicadores com maior poder de explicação da variância observada, com base nos quais, em nova análise, foram escolhidos os sete indicadores finais. A classificação multivariada por partição gerou cinco tipos diferentes de setores censitários, assim descritos: (A alta renda, (B renda mais baixa, (C pobre, com predomínio de casas alugadas, (D baixa escolaridade e renda, (E precariedade no saneamento básico. A análise segundo a divisão geopolítica tradicional permitiu identificar as desigualdades dentro de cada área. O método proposto permitiu a criação de índices compostos de avaliação de qualidade de vida, valendo-se de informações de fácil acesso e ampla cobertura. Além disso, contribuiu para detectar a desigualdade sócio-econômica, identificando não só as grandes regiões de pobreza, mas as microáreas de exclusão em meio à relativa riqueza.

Perfil de risco: método multivariado de classificação sócio-econômica de microáreas urbanas - os setores censitários da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carvalho Marilia Sá

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Visando desenvolver métodos de estudo de microáreas urbanas, que permitam a integração de variáveis em um perfil sócio-econômico, foi analisado o censo demográfico de 1991, por setor censitário. Estudaram-se aspectos de: saneamento, ocupação do terreno, escolaridade, domicílio, demografia e renda. A análise de componentes principais para cada tema permitiu selecionar 15 indicadores com maior poder de explicação da variância observada, com base nos quais, em nova análise, foram escolhidos os sete indicadores finais. A classificação multivariada por partição gerou cinco tipos diferentes de setores censitários, assim descritos: (A alta renda, (B renda mais baixa, (C pobre, com predomínio de casas alugadas, (D baixa escolaridade e renda, (E precariedade no saneamento básico. A análise segundo a divisão geopolítica tradicional permitiu identificar as desigualdades dentro de cada área. O método proposto permitiu a criação de índices compostos de avaliação de qualidade de vida, valendo-se de informações de fácil acesso e ampla cobertura. Além disso, contribuiu para detectar a desigualdade sócio-econômica, identificando não só as grandes regiões de pobreza, mas as microáreas de exclusão em meio à relativa riqueza.

Mortalidade infantil em duas coortes de base populacional no Sul do Brasil: tendências e diferenciais

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Menezes Ana M. B.

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se a tendência temporal da mortalidade infantil através de dois estudos de coorte realizados em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, em 1982 e 1993. Ambas coortes incluíram todos os nascimentos hospitalares e óbitos verificados através de visitas regulares aos hospitais, cartórios e cemitérios. As informações sobre a causa de morte foram obtidas através de entrevistas com pediatras, revisão do prontuário, necrópsias e entrevista com os pais das crianças. O coeficiente de mortalidade infantil caiu de 36,4 por mil nascidos vivos para 21,1 na década. As principais causas de mortalidade infantil em 1993 foram as perinatais, malformações congênitas, diarréia e infecções respiratórias. Crianças com baixo peso ao nascer apresentaram mortalidade 12 vezes maior do que crianças com peso adequado, e crianças pré-termo, duas vezes mais do que crianças com retardo de crescimento intra-uterino. Crianças de famílias com renda baixa (um salário mínimo apresentaram mortalidade sete vezes superior àquelas com renda alta (10 salários mínimos. A mortalidade de crianças de baixo peso ao nascer e alta renda familiar decresceu em 67%, contra apenas 36% para as de baixa renda. Conclui-se que, mesmo com uma queda expressiva da mortalidade infantil na década, persistem importantes desigualdades sociais.

Viabilidade econômica da produção de biogás de dejetos suínos: um estudo de caso

OpenAIRE

da Silva Gomes, Tatiane Machado; Reiher, Augusta Pelinski

2014-01-01

Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a viabilidade econômica do tratamento de dejetos de suínos em biodigestores. Especificamente, buscou-se quantificar a renda oriunda da produção de suínos e o quanto se agrega nela com a transformação dos dejetos nos biodigestores. Para isso, foram quantificados os custos, a receita e o lucro da suinocultura ex ante a implantação do biodigestor, parâmetros que serviram de base para a constatação da agregação de renda em cada situação formulada....

Inserção e rendimentos no mercado de trabalho brasileiro

OpenAIRE

Santos, Gilnei Costa

2009-01-01

Vários são os fatores que afetam os rendimentos de um indivíduo, como a distribuição de renda no país, o estoque de capital humano ou questões não relacionadas à produtividade, como o sexo, raça ou a região em que a pessoa reside. No entanto, deve-se considerar que boa parte da renda dos indivíduos é proveniente do trabalho. Neste sentido, os fatores citados, ao menos indiretamente, são afetados pelo mercado de trabalho. O objetivo da presente pesquisa consiste em analisar o comportamento do ...

Air Force Academy Aeronautics Digest, Spring/Summer 1980

Science.gov (United States)

1980-10-01

Forc- Academy, CO 80840 II CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS I 3-WOMBEIR OF PGI I1. MONITORING AGENCY NAiE A AOFlighdtipIt Ican.Co pu10olsin O nc*) I...the 1700’s. Over the years Pitot tubes have been made extremely small so as not to disturb the flow field with the intruding probe. Additionally, the...as experience with automited data acqtIsition systems increases. Some very general method,, of calibra- *Lt Col, USAF, Tenure Associate Professor of

Väike juveel Euroopa veere pääl / Thea Karin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karin, Thea

2012-01-01

Küprose ajaloost, seal viibinud kuulsustest (Guido von Lusignan, Leonardo da Vinci, William Shakespeare, Lala Mustafa Paşa, Namik Kemal, Lawrence Durrell, Francis II Rakoczi) ning vaatamisväärsustest UNESCO pärandinimekirja kuuluvas Afroditele pühendatud Paphoses, pealinnas Nikosias, Girnes ja Famagustas, kus asuvad ka Shakespeare'i inspireerinud Othello torn ja Püha Nikolause katedraal, mis nüüd on Lala-Mustafa-Pasha mošee

Crenças e influências sobre dietas de emagrecimento entre obesos de baixa renda Beliefs and influences on weight loss diets among low-income obese individuals

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Rodrigues Cavalcanti

2007-12-01

Full Text Available A obesidade tornou-se uma epidemia carente de controle imediato, principalmente entre pobres, mulheres e pessoas de baixa escolaridade. A OMS solicita e vários estudos corroboram que estudos esclarecedores sobre os comportamentos psicológicos e sociais interferentes na aderência terapêutica aos regimes devem ser encorajados. Este estudo usou a Teoria da Ação Racional - TAR, de M. Fishbein, em Psicologia Social, e comparou duas séries de entrevistas abertas (em 2001 e 2005 que eliciaram as crenças positivas (vantagens e negativas (desvantagens sobre fazer dieta entre obesos de baixa renda de João Pessoa, Paraíba, além dos referentes (pessoas de opinião influente destes pacientes quanto a segui-la. Os resultados de 2001 foram corroborados em 2005, revelando o medo das doenças relacionadas à obesidade e a vontade de sentir mais saúde e leveza de corpo. Mães, filhos e principalmente o cônjuge aparecem como apoiadores do regime. Ressaltou-se que não bastaria força de vontade, mas também reflexão e construção de habilidades de controle, apropriação e modificação das condições de vida. Preocupações estéticas não foram prioritárias. Estas informações podem fomentar melhores resultados na aderência terapêutica.Obesity has become an epidemic that requires immediate control, mainly among the poor, particularly women and the less educated. The WHO requests and several studies confirm that support is needed for research projects examining psychological and social behavior that hampers compliance with weight loss diets. This paper uses the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA of M. Fishbein (1975 in social psychology, comparing two series of open interviews (conducted in 2001 and 2005 that disclosed positive (advantageous and negative (harmful beliefs about weight loss diets among low-income obese patients in João Pessoa, Paraíba State, as well as their guides (people of influential opinion on following their diets. The 2001

Abu al-Layth al-Libi

Science.gov (United States)

2015-02-01

success. As an Arab participant acknowledged very early on, “the situation was really harsh. All the brothers were tired,” as they lacked food and... glorious battles that occurred during the early Islamic period.133 He stressed the importance of the battlefield as the path to achieve honor and dignity...diaspora in Waziristan. In the words of Walid Othmani, a French jihadi trained by al-Qa`ida in Waziristan in 2008, “[Al-Libi] was someone well-known and

Parâmetros tributários da economia brasileira

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Nelson Leitão Paes

2006-12-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo calcula as alíquotas tributárias efetivas, pagas pelas famílias, que incidem sobre a renda do capital, a renda do trabalho e o consumo. As famílias foram divididas em 10 grupos de acordo com a renda e com a cesta de consumo dada pela Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares - POF, 2002/2003, do IBGE. Os resultados indicam uma certa progressividade na tributação sobre a renda do trabalho, mas em relação aos tributos indiretos as alíquotas efetivas são quase idênticas entre as famílias. Portanto, a análise evidencia a possibilidade de grandes simplificações na estrutura da tributação indireta com neutralidade em relação à carga suportada pelas diversas famílias.The present study aims to calculate the effective tax rates on consumption and on labor as well as capital incomes for the Brazilian economy. To this end, we divide the households into ten different income groups based on the Household Expenditure Survey data (POF, 2002/2003 from IBGE. This information is used to compute the corresponding effective tax rates. The main results indicate a mild progressive structure of the income tax system and an almost flat rate of the effective consumption tax structure. This uniformity opens the possibility of great simplifications in the Brazilian indirect tax system: the prevailing indirect taxes can be substituted by just one uniform tax rate for all households with a neutral effect from an incidence point of view.

Perfil e situação de insegurança alimentar dos usuários dos Restaurantes Populares no Brasil

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Kátia Cruz Godoy

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi identificar o perfil dos usuários do programa Restaurantes Populares e suas associações com a situação de insegurança alimentar domiciliar. Trata-se de estudo transversal com amostra aleatória de 1.637 usuários. Foi utilizado um questionário com variáveis socioeconômicas, a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e aferidos peso e altura. Foram aplicados o teste de qui- quadrado, cálculo das razões de prevalência (RP bruta e ajustada, utilizando-se o modelo de regressão de Poisson. Foram prevalentes a faixa de renda per capita entre ½ e 1 salário mínimo (35,1%, o Ensino Médio completo (39,8% e a segurança alimentar (59,4%. Os usuários da Região Norte apresentaram os piores dados: Ensino Fundamental incompleto (39,8%, faixa de renda per capita de até ½ salário mínimo (50,8% e insegurança alimentar (55,5%. Houve maior RP de insegurança alimentar entre os usuários que apresentaram renda per capita de até ¼ do salário mínimo (p < 0,05. Apenas renda manteve-se associada à maior prevalência de insegurança alimentar na RP ajustada. As características dos usuários em insegurança alimentar podem orientar a melhoria desta ação, os critérios de localização e funcionamento do Programa Restaurantes Populares.

Mineral composition and geochemistry of the Upper Cretaceous siliciclastics (Nubia Group), Aswan District, south Egypt: Implications for provenance and weathering

Science.gov (United States)

Hassan, Abdallah M.

2017-11-01

The Upper-Cretaceous clastic succession (Nubia Group) in the area northeast of Aswan includes three rock units, from base upwards: Abu Aggag Formation (Turonian), Timsah Formation (Coniacian -Santonian) and Um Barmil Formation (Santonian - Campanian). Quartz and clay minerals are the predominant phases throughout the whole succession while feldspars are very rare. Kaolinite is overwhelming among the clay minerals, in addition to less important amounts of illite and illite/smectite. The ultrastable heavy minerals are the prevailing non- opaque phases and they significantly change in relative abundance upsection. SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 are the dominant chemical components. The statistical examination had revealed that the chemical constituents are loaded on three main geochemical trends; the siliceous, the argillaceous and the ferruginous. The enrichment factor shows that the geochemical behavior of the major and trace elements is uniform throughout the sandstones and mudstones of the Abu Aggag Formation. A significant geochemical contrast is documented between the sandstones and mudstones of both the Timsah and the Um Barmil formations. The provenance - critical elemental ratios Ti/Nb and Ti/Y are nearly constant throughout the sandstones and mudstones of the Abu Aggag Formation, and they fall within the range of granitic-granodioritic composition. The Timsah sandstones have Ti/Nb and Ti/Y ratios that are consistent with those of the Abu Aggag rocks, suggesting a similar provenance. These elemental ratios are extremely higher in the Timsah mudstones, reflecting a great influx of mafic material. The Um Barmil sandstones exhibit exceedingly dispersed values of Ti/Nb and Ti/Y, reflecting their derivation from large catchment's areas of different rock types with the eroded products being mixed in various relative proportions. The Ti/Nb and Ti/Y of the Um Barmil mudstones are closely akin to those of the Timsah mudstones suggesting analogous source. The chemical index of

DETERMINANTS OF MOTHER’S CHOICE OF PLACE DELIVERY IN COMMUNITY OF BAJO, MUNA DISTRICT: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

La Ode Ali Imran

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Background: Muna is the area where Bajo community prefer to choose shaman for giving birth Objectives: This study aims to determine the reasons why mothers choose shamans or midwives to give birth in Renda Village, Towea Subdistrict, Muna District. Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study to investigate determinants of mother’s choice of place delivery in Renda Towea village of Muna, Indonesia. In-depth interview was performed to three mothers who gave birth with Shaman, and two mothers with Midwives. This study was conducted on July, 2016 in the village of Renda Towea, Muna district. Data were analyzed by content analysis model using Colaizzi’s method of data analysis. Results: Results were grouped into: Reasons to choose midwives to give birth (Health concern, Family support, and Complete facilities, and Reasons to select shaman to give birth (Tradition, Financial concern, Short distance, Lack of information Conclusions: Various reasons of mothers in choosing maternal care services. The findings of this study suggest that the government and health care providers should create the collaboration between midwives and shaman, increase financial support, and increase and evaluate health visitations to this community.

Investigação sobre a existência de inovações disruptivas das grandes empresas multinacionais para o mercado brasileiro de baixa renda Large multinational companies innovations to the low-income Brazilian market

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Novaes Zilber

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar se grandes empresas multinacionais no mercado brasileiro, antes focadas prioritariamente nas classes de maior poder aquisitivo, promoveram algum tipo de inovação, particularmente inovações disruptivas, a fim de atender ao emergente mercado de baixa renda, impactando a gestão da produção e/ou cadeia de suprimentos dessas multinacionais. Para isso foi utilizado o método de estudo de casos múltiplos, estudando-se as empresas Nestlé, Unilever e Johnson & Johnson. Os resultados mostraram que as multinacionais que atuam no mercado brasileiro estudadas não promoveram inovações disruptivas para atuar na base da pirâmide, pois consideraram que a faixa de classes D e E não é atrativa o suficiente para investirem no desenvolvimento de produtos para essa faixa, atendendo preferencialmente a classe C através de pequenas modificações em produtos e distribuição. Dessa forma, não foram encontradas evidências de inovações disruptivas, mas inovações sustentadoras e incrementais ligadas à adequação de produtos existentes.The objective of this study was to identify whether major multinational companies in the Brazilian market, focused primarily on higher income classes, have promoted some kind of innovation, particularly disruptive innovations, to meet the emerging low-income market, impacting the operation management and/or supply chain of these multinationals. To this end, a multiple case study method was used at Nestlé, Unilever and Johnson & Johnson. Results showed that multinational companies operating in the Brazilian market have not promoted disruptive innovations directed to the base of the pyramid, once they felt that the "D" and "E" classes are not attractive enough to justify investments in product development, directing investments preferentially to the "C" class through small changes in products and distribution. This way, no evidence of disruptive innovations was found; only

Investigação sobre a existência de inovações disruptivas das grandes empresas multinacionais para o mercado brasileiro de baixa renda Large multinational companies innovations to the low-income Brazilian market

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Novaes Zilber

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar se grandes empresas multinacionais no mercado brasileiro, antes focadas prioritariamente nas classes de maior poder aquisitivo, promoveram algum tipo de inovação, particularmente inovações disruptivas, a fim de atender ao emergente mercado de baixa renda, impactando a gestão da produção e/ou cadeia de suprimentos dessas multinacionais. Para isso foi utilizado o método de estudo de casos múltiplos, estudando-se as empresas Nestlé, Unilever e Johnson & Johnson. Os resultados mostraram que as multinacionais que atuam no mercado brasileiro estudadas não promoveram inovações disruptivas para atuar na base da pirâmide, pois consideraram que a faixa de classes D e E não é atrativa o suficiente para investirem no desenvolvimento de produtos para essa faixa, atendendo preferencialmente a classe C através de pequenas modificações em produtos e distribuição. Dessa forma, não foram encontradas evidências de inovações disruptivas, mas inovações sustentadoras e incrementais ligadas à adequação de produtos existentes.The objective of this study was to identify whether major multinational companies in the Brazilian market, focused primarily on higher income classes, have promoted some kind of innovation, particularly disruptive innovations, to meet the emerging low-income market, impacting the operation management and/or supply chain of these multinationals. To this end, a multiple case study method was used at Nestlé, Unilever and Johnson & Johnson. Results showed that multinational companies operating in the Brazilian market have not promoted disruptive innovations directed to the base of the pyramid, once they felt that the "D" and "E" classes are not attractive enough to justify investments in product development, directing investments preferentially to the "C" class through small changes in products and distribution. This way, no evidence of disruptive innovations was found; only

High speed digital interfacing for a neural data acquisition system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bahr Andreas

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Diseases like schizophrenia and genetic epilepsy are supposed to be caused by disorders in the early development of the brain. For the further investigation of these relationships a custom designed application specific integrated circuit (ASIC was developed that is optimized for the recording from neonatal mice [Bahr A, Abu-Saleh L, Schroeder D, Krautschneider W. 16 Channel Neural Recording Integrated Circuit with SPI Interface and Error Correction Coding. Proc. 9th BIOSTEC 2016. Biodevices: Rome, Italy, 2016; 1: 263; Bahr A, Abu-Saleh L, Schroeder D, Krautschneider W. Development of a neural recording mixed signal integrated circuit for biomedical signal acquisition. Biomed Eng Biomed Tech Abstracts 2015; 60(S1: 298–299; Bahr A, Abu-Saleh L, Schroeder D, Krautschneider WH. 16 Channel Neural Recording Mixed Signal ASIC. CDNLive EMEA 2015 Conference Proceedings, 2015.]. To enable the live display of the neural signals a multichannel neural data acquisition system with live display functionality is presented. It implements a high speed data transmission from the ASIC to a computer with a live display functionality. The system has been successfully implemented and was used in a neural recording of a head-fixed mouse.

Design, chemical synthesis and kinetic studies of trypsin chromogenic substrates based on the proteinase binding loop of Cucurbita maxima trypsin inhibitor (CMTI-III).

Science.gov (United States)

Lesner, A; Brzozowski, K; Kupryszewski, G; Rolka, K

2000-03-05

A series of trypsin chromogenic substrates with formula: Y-Ala-X-Abu-Pro-Lys-pNA, where X = Gly, Ala, Abu, Val, Leu, Phe, Ser, Glu and Y = Ac, H; pNA = p-nitroanilide was synthesized. The Cucurbita maxima trypsin inhibitor CMTI-III molecule was used as a vehicle to design the trypsin substrates. To evaluate the influence of position P(4) on the substrate-enzyme interaction, kinetic parameters of newly synthesized substrates with bovine beta-trypsin were determined. The increasing hydrophobicity of the amino acid residue (Gly, Ala, Abu, Val) introduced in position P(4) significantly enhanced the substrate specificity (k(cat)/K(m)) which was over 8 times higher for the last residue than that for the first one. The introduction of residues with more hydrophilic side chain (Glu, Ser) in this position reduced the value of this parameter. These results correspond well with those obtained using molecular dynamics of bovine beta-trypsin with monosubstituted CMTI-I analogues, indicating that in both trypsin substrate and inhibitor position 4 plays an important role in the interaction with the enzyme. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Natural radioactivity levels and radiation hazard indices in granite from aswan to wadi el-allaqi south eastern desert, Egypt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Taher, A.; Uosif, M.A.M.; Orabi, A.A.

2005-01-01

Studies on radiation level and radionuclide distribution in granite from Aswan to Wadi El-Allaqi area which is located in southeastern desert of Egypt were undertaken. The samples collected from five locations: Gabal El Mesala, Umm Hibal, Abu Herigle, Abu Marw and Deneibit El Quleib. The purpose of this study is to provide a baseline map of radioactivity background levels in the investigated area environment and will be used as reference information to assess any changes in the radioactive background level due to geological processes. The highest average values of 226 R a and 232 T h concentration (24.003 and 31.227 Bq/kg respectively) was observed at Abu Herigle region whereas the highest average value of 40 K concentration 589.984 Bq/kg were detected in Umm Hibal location. The absorbed dose rate in air was found to be in the range between 5.400- 45.109 nGy/h and radium equivalent activity concentration was found in the range between 29.570 - 71.855 Bq/Kg. Also the representative external hazard index values for the corresponding samples was also estimated and given

Bert Hardy's Chinatown:
May 1942 : Illustrated Lecture - a Cultures in Transit Conference event

OpenAIRE

Lee, Gregory

2008-01-01

A collaborative event organized bby the Open Eye Galler, Liverpool as part of thea academic conference Cultures In Transit organised by Liverpool Hope and Université de Lyon (Jean Moulin) 18-21 July 2008.; International audience; This lecture puts in historical context a group of rare photographs by Bert Hardy taken in May 1942 during the Second World War. The men depicted are just a few of the 10,000 Chinese seamen who manned the Merchant Navy ships, for Britain during the war, mainly Blue F...

Underpotential Deposition of Silver on Pt(111). Part 1. Concentration Dependence

Science.gov (United States)

1990-01-01

acid (ULTREX, J.T. Baker) was used as the supporting electrolyte. Silver solutions of 1.00 mM, 0.10 mM, and 0.005 mM were prepared by dissolving Ag 2SO 4...were immersed in hot nitric acid for 10 minutes. For the ultra-high vacuum (UHV) experiments a thermocouple was also spot-welded to the edge of the...a Ford Foundation Post Doctoral Fellowship. HDA is a A.P. Sloan Foundation Fellow (1987-1991). 16 REFERENCES 1. G.W. Tindall and S. Bruckenstein

Growth and Electrical and Far-Infrared Properties of Wide Electron Wells in Semiconductors

Science.gov (United States)

1994-04-15

H (T) FIG. 2. Magnetoresisrance and Halal effect data for sample SL6. t0.1. 0 2 4 0 3 10 12 14Oxford Model 200 dilution refrigerator. Using standard...x-N GacAs/ reverse bias at an adjacent Schottky barrier and sweeping JAfhM~l~ abrupts beserjuncdoo are shown. The true profits sb the edge of the...A , n•.o2 0.3 at the edges further provides a square well like confine- meat when the parabolic well is exactly filled or overfilled. All samples

Shanghai-School Theater

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

1993-01-01

SHANGHAl-SCHOOL Thea-ter has played an importantrole in modern Chinese cul-tural history.At the turn of the 20thcentury,when there were great so-cial changes.Chinese traditionaltheater extended itself to take inWestern cultural elements,causingchanges and developments in thestructure and form of traditionalChinese theater.Because this newtype.of theater started in shang-hai,it was named Shanghai-SchoolTheater.The fundaments of thetheatrical school emphasized the opening,integration and renovation of theatrlcal art.It actually tried tomodermize the traditional Chinesetheater.

World Energy Future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forbes, A.; Van der Linde, C.; Nicola, S.

2009-01-01

In the section World Energy Future of this magazine two articles, two interviews and one column are presented. The article 'A green example to the world' refers briefly to the second World Future Energy Summit in Abu Dhabi, which was held from 18-21 January, 2009. The second article, 'Green Utopia in the desert' attention is paid to the Abu Dhabi government-driven Masdar Initiative. The two interviews concern an interview with BP Alternative Energy ceo Vivienne Cox, and an interview with the founder and CEO of New Energy Finance Michael Liebreich. The column ('An efficient response') focuses on the impact of the economic crisis on energy policy

Environmental status of algal mat sites located at the east coast of Saudi Arabia following the Gulf War

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Al-Thukair, A.

1993-01-01

Remote sensing techniques and ground truth verification were used to provide information on algal mat locations and damage intensity caused by the oil spill. Pre and post oil spill satellite images, ground truth assessment were compared for damage evaluation. Locations and sites status (heavily oiled, recovering, and no algal mats) were conveyed in maps. Recovered sites are found in Abu Ali and Tanajib areas. However, recovery seems to be slower in Abu Ali area as compared to Tanajib. Different types and formations of algal mats were found in both areas. This differentiation is more likely to be attributable to coastal topography and tide regimes

Geographical influence on the radiation exposure of an air crew on board a subsonic aircraft

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bottollier-Depois, J.F.; Spurny, F.; Votockova, I.

1996-01-01

Radiation fields on board a subsonic aircraft have been studied on board an Airbus A310-300 during the flights Prague - Abu Dhabi - Bangkok and Bangkok - Abu Dhabi - Prague, during February 1995. A complex set of measuring instruments has been used for these studies: tissue equivalent proportional counter, moderator-type neutron rem-meter, environmental radiation dose rate meter, thermoluminescent and track etch detectors and bubble detectors. The results obtained are presented and analyzed; they are compared with the results obtained in the flights Prague - Montreal - Prague. Conclusions concerning the influence of geographical parameters on the aircrew exposure levels are formulated. (author). 13 refs., 2 figs., 3 tabs

Temperature effect on hydrocarbon generation in the northwestern part of the Nile Delta and its facing offshore area (Egypt)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abdel-Fattah, T.

1990-01-01

Bottom Hole Temperature (BHT) as physical parameter beside depths to both Pliocene and Miocene sections are used in this study. Temperature analysis is based on Hood, Gutjahr and Heacock's and Gretener and Curtis' methods. The results have thrown light on the interrelation between the different rock units forming both Pliocene and Miocene sections as well as their hydrocarbon potential. It is found that, only three wells namely, Abu Qir-1, NAF-1 and Sidi Salim can be hydrocarbon producing, and Abu Madi formation can be classified to be of Upper Miocene as the underlying Quawasim formation for their lithologic similarity. (orig.).

Speculations on niches occupied by fungi in the sea with relation to bacteria

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Raghukumar, S.

Yt.1JnJlTl-~.{l..::,'1-r'<.:nhdait,l()lJC::5 ~:§~~~qJ:onoon:=Br«:scttff~i~lt~9~~i)j-=-.T-~-=~~"-.------------------------------------------------------------------- --;;~~,Fell J Wino Master I M'1980 TheaSsOciafioii-aiid-potel1tfanoli--"of(ungi"u(~ngfoV:e-'de... of thraustochytrids and their subsequent growth within the cell lumen. Miller and Jones (1983) have observed thraustochytrids within the kelp, Fucus serratus L. Inspite of numerous reports, detailed studies on the role of thraustochytrids in the decomposition...