EL PAPEL DE LA QUÍMICA ANALÍTICA EN LAS CIENCIAS AMBIENTALES

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María A. Dosal

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta para abordar la didáctica de la Química Analítica con enfoque de Química Sostenible y de Control de Calidad. Esta propuesta considera un conocimiento razonado de la reactividad química y el diseño de experiencias prácticas representativas de equilibrios químicos en las que se utilicen técnicas comunes pa ra análisis cuantitativo; las experiencias que se proponen fueron diseñadas de acuerdo c on los Principios de la Química Verde buscando iniciar al futuro profesional en el diseño de procesos químicos escalables a nivel industrial y acordes con los requerimi entos de una civilización sostenible; todas fueron probadas y aceptadas por estudiantes de licenciatura y posgrado.

Eliciting maize defense pathways aboveground attracts belowground biocontrol agents.

Science.gov (United States)

Filgueiras, Camila Cramer; Willett, Denis S; Pereira, Ramom Vasconcelos; Moino Junior, Alcides; Pareja, Martin; Duncan, Larry W

2016-11-04

Plant defense pathways mediate multitrophic interactions above and belowground. Understanding the effects of these pathways on pests and natural enemies above and belowground holds great potential for designing effective control strategies. Here we investigate the effects of aboveground stimulation of plant defense pathways on the interactions between corn, the aboveground herbivore adult Diabrotica speciosa, the belowground herbivore larval D. speciosa, and the subterranean ento-mopathogenic nematode natural enemy Heterorhabditis amazonensis. We show that adult D. speciosa recruit to aboveground herbivory and methyl salicylate treatment, that larval D. speciosa are relatively indiscriminate, and that H. amazonensis en-tomopathogenic nematodes recruit to corn fed upon by adult D. speciosa. These results suggest that entomopathogenicnematodes belowground can be highly attuned to changes in the aboveground parts of plants and that biological control can be enhanced with induced plant defense in this and similar systems.

Eliciting maize defense pathways aboveground attracts belowground biocontrol agents

Science.gov (United States)

Filgueiras, Camila Cramer; Willett, Denis S.; Pereira, Ramom Vasconcelos; Moino Junior, Alcides; Pareja, Martin; Duncan, Larry W.

2016-01-01

Plant defense pathways mediate multitrophic interactions above and belowground. Understanding the effects of these pathways on pests and natural enemies above and belowground holds great potential for designing effective control strategies. Here we investigate the effects of aboveground stimulation of plant defense pathways on the interactions between corn, the aboveground herbivore adult Diabrotica speciosa, the belowground herbivore larval D. speciosa, and the subterranean ento-mopathogenic nematode natural enemy Heterorhabditis amazonensis. We show that adult D. speciosa recruit to aboveground herbivory and methyl salicylate treatment, that larval D. speciosa are relatively indiscriminate, and that H. amazonensis en-tomopathogenic nematodes recruit to corn fed upon by adult D. speciosa. These results suggest that entomopathogenicnematodes belowground can be highly attuned to changes in the aboveground parts of plants and that biological control can be enhanced with induced plant defense in this and similar systems. PMID:27811992

Supply of carbon fiber for a natural gas car tank; Tennen gasu sha tanku muke tanso seni no kyokyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-10-31

Mitsubishi Rayon shared investment with the Dynatech Company in Canada to produce carbon fiber tanks used in natural gas cars, and attempted to monopolize the supply of carbon fibers for tanks. As for the natural gas automobile with low air pollution and exhaust of carbon oxide compared to gasoline automobile, a heavy CNG tank is the bottleneck of its popularization, and its weight could be reduced to one fourth of a steel tank by using carbon fibers. In Japan, only steel tank has been licensed until now. Selling will be increasing in Japan by the co-operation with the Dynatech Company since this carbon fiber can be used from this April. (translated by NEDO)

Development of low light-off catalyst; Teion kassei ni sugureta shokubai no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takemoto, T; Ichikawa, S; Koda, Y; Yamamoto, E; Sumida, H; Yamada, H; Shigetsu, M; Komatsu, K [Mazda Motor Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

A new type of three way catalyst was developed in order to reduce HC, CO and NOx in cold exhaust gas. This catalyst consists of double layer, and has a base support material of alumina and oxygen storage components (OSC) loaded with active metals including platinum. palladium and rhodium. It has good light-off performance and high catalytic activity. This catalyst includes two types of OSC. One is CeO2, and the other is CePrO2 that makes possible to improve NOx conversion at high exhaust gas temperature. 8 refs., 13 figs., 2 tabs.

Slip experiment on a flat bottom cylindrical shell tank model; Hirazoko ento choso mokei no katsudo jikken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Taniguchi, T.; Mentani, Y.; Komori, H.; Yoshihara, T. [Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Kobe (Japan)

1998-12-20

Although large tank slip, as observed in Alaska in 1964, was not reported in the Hyogo Nanbu Earthquake, tank slip becomes a major concern in seismic engineering. In the case of a non-uplifting tank, ifs slip behavior can be accurately described by the simple analytical model which consists of a single degree of freedom on a potential sliding mass (SDOF slip model). Employing friction force during slip, the governing equations of the SDOF slip model are formulated as a discontinuous linear vibration system. From the analogies between the SDOF slip model and the tank, the physical quantities which correspond to the SDOF slip model are determined in accordance with the values which are specified by the seismic design code for the tank. Comparison of the experimental results of the model tank slip with the analytical results based on the SDOF slip model corroborates ifs applicability to the tank slip with sufficient accuracy. (author)

A model of competing species that exhibits zip bifurcation

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Luis F. Echeverri

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un modelo concreto d e poblaciones de especies en competición que exhibe la bifurc ación Zip. La bifurcación zip fue introducida por Farkas en 1984 para un si stema tridi- mensional de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias que desc ribe un quimiostato. Estudiaremos un sistema tridimensional de ecuaciones dife renciales ordinarias que modela la competición de dos poblaciones distintas de pr edadores por una única población presa. El sistema usa funciones trigonomét ricas concretas pa- ra representar la tasa de crecimiento de la presa y la respues ta funcional del predador. El modelo exhibe diferentes clases de comportami entos y muestra ejemplos de los llamados principio de exclusión competitiva y la competición de un r-estratega contra un k-estratega . Adicionalmente, para ilustrar la bi- furcacion zip, presentaremos algunas simulaciones numéri cas.

Quemaduras faciales: “manejo inicial y tratamiento”

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Dr. C. Álvaro Cuadra

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Las quemaduras faciales constituyen un grupo dentro de las quemaduras consideradas como en zona especial dada las potenciales secuelas estéticas y funcionales que pueden resultar de su tratamiento, por este motivo, un adecuado manejo reducirá estos riesgos. La cara posee una rica irrigación de tal forma que el manejo deberá ser más conservador que en otras zonas del cuerpo. Las quemaduras superficiales requieren de un tratamiento basado en ungüentos antibióticos y cobertura con apósitos sintéticos transitorios en espera de epidermización. En quemaduras faciales profundas el tratamiento consistirá en escarectomía química y quirúrgica una vez definida la quemadura y su posterior cobertura con tejido autólogo o sustitutos dérmicos definitivos respetando las unidades estético-funcionales de la cara. Este grupo de quemadura luego de la primera atención deberá ser derivada a un centro de quemados para su manejo integral.

Ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora de la administración en España y Colombia para la protección del medio ambiente y los recursos naturales

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Carlos Javier Velásquez Muñoz

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo forma parte de la investigación que adelan ta el autor dentro de sus tesis doctoral. Luego de presentar con un criterio comparatívo los regímenes sancionadores en materia de protección ambiental existentes en Colombia y España, los princípios sustanciales que los rigen y su procedimiento, se pone en duda la eficacia de la sanción ambiental y su aporte a la protección del medío ambiente, sin dejar de reivindicar la ímportancia que tiene el reproche ejemplificador fren te a la crecien te insolidaridad humana. Los compromisos adquíridos por España en el contexto de la comunidad europea, sustentan la existencia de una mayor conciencia del Estado frente a los temas de protección del medio ambiente, un régimen jurídico adecuado, competencia de las autonomías españolas y procedimíentos más efectivos que los existentes en Colombia.

Assessing the awareness mechanisms of a collaborative programming support system

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Ana Isabel Molina

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El aprendizaje/enseñanza de la programación puede beneficiarse de los principios del Aprendizaje Colaborativo soportado por Computador (CSCL. Con el objetivo de soportar tareas de programación cola borativa distribuida síncrona se creó el sistema COLLECE. A dif erencia de otros sistemas con objetivos similares, COLLECE incorpora una g ran cantidad de elementos de soporte al awareness. En este artí culo se describe un estudio empírico en el que se evalua la utilidad de algunos de los mecanismos de awareness incluídos en este sistema. Una d e las principales aportaciones de este trabajo es la combinación de varias técnic as de evaluación de sistemas interactivos (cuestionarios, testi ng en laboratorio, evaluación heurística, logging automático y técnicas de seguimi ento ocular. El uso conjunto de todas estas técnicas (algunas objetivas y otras subjetivas permite realizar un análisis más completo del siste ma objeto de estudio y, en particular, de su soporte al awareness.

Neural correlates of sample-coding and reward-coding in the delay activity of neurons in the entopallium and nidopallium caudolaterale of pigeons (Columba livia).

Science.gov (United States)

Johnston, Melissa; Anderson, Catrona; Colombo, Michael

2017-01-15

We recorded neuronal activity from the nidopallium caudolaterale, the avian equivalent of mammalian prefrontal cortex, and the entopallium, the avian equivalent of the mammalian visual cortex, in four birds trained on a differential outcomes delayed matching-to-sample procedure in which one sample stimulus was followed by reward and the other was not. Despite similar incidence of reward-specific and reward-unspecific delay cell types across the two areas, overall entopallium delay activity occurred following both rewarded and non-rewarded stimuli, whereas nidopallium caudolaterale delay activity tended to occur following the rewarded stimulus but not the non-rewarded stimulus. These findings are consistent with the view that delay activity in entopallium represents a code of the sample stimulus whereas delay activity in nidopallium caudolaterale represents a code of the possibility of an upcoming reward. However, based on the types of delay cells encountered, cells in NCL also code the sample stimulus and cells in ENTO are influenced by reward. We conclude that both areas support the retention of information, but that the activity in each area is differentially modulated by factors such as reward and attentional mechanisms. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cost estimation in software engineering projects with web components development

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Javier de Andrés

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Existen multitud de modelos propuestos para la predicción de co stes en proyectos de software, al gunos orientados específicamen te para proyectos Web. Este trabajo analiza si los modelos específicos para proyectos Web están justifi cados, examinando el comportami ento diferencial de los costes entre proyectos de desarrollo softwar e Web y no Web. Se analizan dos aspectos del cálculo de costes: las deseconomías de escala, y el im pacto de algunas características de estos proyectos que son utilizadas como cost drivers. Se en uncian dos hipótesis: (a en estos proyect os las deseconomías de escala so n mayores y (b el incremento de coste que provocan los cost dr ivers es menor para los proyectos Web. Se contrastaron estas hipótesis a nalizando un conjunto de proyectos reales. Los resultados sugie ren que ambas hipótesis se cumplen. Por lo tanto, la principal contribu ción a la literatura de esta inv estigación es que el desarrollo de modelos específicos para los proyectos Web está justificado.

The 2012 Madeira dengue outbreak: epidemiological determinants and future epidemic potential.

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Lourenço, José; Recker, Mario

2014-08-01

Dengue, a vector-borne viral disease of increasing global importance, is classically associated with tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. Urbanisation, globalisation and climate trends, however, are facilitating the geographic spread of its mosquito vectors, thereby increasing the risk of the virus establishing itself in previously unaffected areas and causing large-scale epidemics. On 3 October 2012, two autochthonous dengue infections were reported within the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. During the following seven months, this first 'European' dengue outbreak caused more than 2000 local cases and 81 exported cases to mainland Europe. Here, using an ento-epidemiological mathematical framework, we estimate that the introduction of dengue to Madeira occurred around a month before the first official cases, during the period of maximum influx of airline travel, and that the naturally declining temperatures of autumn were the determining factor for the outbreak's demise in early December 2012. Using key estimates, together with local climate data, we further propose that there is little support for dengue endemicity on this island, but a high potential for future epidemic outbreaks when seeded between May and August-a period when detection of imported cases is crucial for Madeira's public health planning.

Experiment on vibration in water of a cylindrical shell fixed in water; Suichu ni koteisareta ento shell no sessui shindo jikken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Toyota, K; Yasuzawa, Y; Kagawa, K; Nanatsuya, Y [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-04-10

In order to utilize more effectively wide oceanic spaces, a feasibility study is performed on submerged large shell structures from the aspect of structural engineerings. As part of the study, for the purpose of deriving dynamic response characteristics of a structure, development was made on a numerical analysis code, `DASOR`, required to analyze natural frequency of a rotating shell fixed in water. The `DASOR` is a dynamic analysis code to derive added water mass effect, and effects of water depth on the dynamic response characteristics based on the shell theory by Donnell-Mushtari-Vlasov. This paper describes an experiment using a cylindrical shell to elucidate effects of the cylindrical shell on vibration characteristics due to contact with water. Comparisons and discussions were given on the result of numerical calculation using the `DASOR`, solution of a simplified theory analysis, and the result of the experiment to make clear the reasonability of the `DASOR`. The cylindrical shell in water has its natural frequency decreased due to the added water mass effect in association with increase in the water level. The `DASOR` showed good agreement with the experimental values as a result of giving considerations on the boundary conditions, by which its reasonability was verified. 3 refs., 9 figs., 2 tabs.

The 2012 Madeira dengue outbreak: epidemiological determinants and future epidemic potential.

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José Lourenço

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Dengue, a vector-borne viral disease of increasing global importance, is classically associated with tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. Urbanisation, globalisation and climate trends, however, are facilitating the geographic spread of its mosquito vectors, thereby increasing the risk of the virus establishing itself in previously unaffected areas and causing large-scale epidemics. On 3 October 2012, two autochthonous dengue infections were reported within the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. During the following seven months, this first 'European' dengue outbreak caused more than 2000 local cases and 81 exported cases to mainland Europe. Here, using an ento-epidemiological mathematical framework, we estimate that the introduction of dengue to Madeira occurred around a month before the first official cases, during the period of maximum influx of airline travel, and that the naturally declining temperatures of autumn were the determining factor for the outbreak's demise in early December 2012. Using key estimates, together with local climate data, we further propose that there is little support for dengue endemicity on this island, but a high potential for future epidemic outbreaks when seeded between May and August-a period when detection of imported cases is crucial for Madeira's public health planning.

Studies on reactivity of coal surfaces at low temperature; Teion ni okeru sekitan hyomen no hannosei no kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yasuda, H.; Kaiho, M.; Yamada, O.; Soneda, Y.; Kobayashi, M.; Makino, M. [National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba (Japan)

1996-10-28

With an objective to learn reactivity of coal at its surface, surfaces of oxidized coal samples were investigated. Miike coal was oxidized by using {sup 18}O2 in a closed loop system. As the reaction progresses, proportion of CO2 including isotopes increased rapidly as a result of oxidation of CO sites existing in the coal and the newly generated C{sup 18}O sites. The oxidizing reaction progressed via oxygen adsorbing sites generated near the surface, and oxygen containing groups. An FT-IR analysis estimated the depth of the oxidized layer to be 10{mu}m or less from particle surface. The oxidized coal was pulverized to see its surface condition. Functional groups introduced by the oxidation enter into the vicinity of the surface in a form to desorb as CO. CO2 is trapped in inner pores. The coal surface was observed by using an atomic force microscope. No observable openings in the pore structure were discerned on the surface before the oxidation, and the structure agrees with a closed pore model. Surface image oxidized in-situ by oxygen for one hour had slight roundness, which led to a supposition of structural change, and changes in the functional group and adsorption species. 7 refs., 5 figs.

56th (fiscal 1997) Meeting on Cryogenics and Superconductivity; Dai 56 kai 1997 nendo shunki teion kogaku chodendo gakkai koen gaiyoshu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-05-14

In the meeting, 266 papers were made public which deal with the following fields: GM refrigerators, pulse tube refrigerators, cold storage equipment, Bi-2212 system, coil application, superconducting generators, LHD/ITER/accelerators, cable-in conduit conductors, electromagnetic phenomena/proximity effect, oxide cable, Nb3Sn, Nb3Al, metal materials, WE-NET, friction/organic materials, composite materials, Nb3Sn, Nb3Al wires, strand wire structure analysis, hybrid superconducting wire, Y system, Bi system, low temperature device, measurement, high magnetic field NMR magnet, oxide NMR application, Bi-2223 system wire, pinning, NbTi ac wire, pinning/ac loss, various characteristics, superconducting application, refrigerating system, heat transfer, cryostat, Hg/Ti/Y system wire, ac loss/application, superconducting electric power storage system and the development of element technology therefor, current limiter/magnetic flotation, stability and drift of strand conductors, stability, ITER, LHD/accelerator/SLIM, oxide application, conductor stability test and others, and quench of ac cable.

Integration of emerging motion capture technologies and videogames for human upper-limb telerehabilitation: A systematic review

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Mauro Callejas-Cuervo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La integración de nuevas tecnolog ías ha mostrado tener el poten cial de mejorar el acceso a servicios de rehabilitación y la ad herencia de los pacientes a la terapia físic a cuando éstas son usadas en se rvicios bajo la modalidad de telemedicina. Esta revisión sistem ática busca explorar sistemas de telerehabi litación que usan nuevas tecnolo gías de captura de movimiento y video juegos para rehabilitació n de miembro superior, haciendo énfasis en la captura de movimiento que fusiona información de sensore s inerciales y otras tecnolog ías. La búsqueda fue realizada entre 2010 y 2013, encontrando 667 artíc ulos; que se redujeron a 57 artículos con texto completo, luego de un proceso de remoción de artículos r epetidos. Finalmente, solo tr es de ellos fueron seleccionados por abordar el tema de este es tudio. Esta revisión nos permite concluir qu e se presenta una tendencia en usar la fusión de información proveniente de sensores inerciale s y otras tecnologías de captura de movimi ento para monitorear procesos d e rehabilitación motora. Sin em bargo, la integración de estas tecnologías con video juegos ac tivos en programas de fisioterap ia es apenas un campo emergente de investigación con resultados prometedores.

Proceedings of the 55th Meeting on Cryogenics and Superconductivity; Dai 55 kai 1996 nendo shuki teion kogaku chodendo gakkai koen gaiyoshu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-11-06

This is a proceedings of the 55th Meeting on Cryogenics and Superconductivity. As for wires, made public were Bi-system 2223, Y-system NbTi, NbSn, Nb3Al, etc. As to oxide superconductors, some of them are promising. The study of those characteristics and the developmental application to the electric power field such as coils and cables were introduced. Beside wires, multilayer film superconductors were also introduced. With relation to fundamentals and theories, became topics were pinning characteristics, NbTi proximity effects, magnetic flux and visualization, stability, etc. About the application, large refrigerators are discussed in the refrigeration field in addition to GM/pulse tube refrigerators. Concerning cooling technology, made public were the development of a floating railroad use 80K cooling system, etc. Also studied were power leads, superconducting magnet, control action characteristics, etc. SMES (superconducting magnetic energy storage) also became a topic, and the element coil energization experiment, stability and mechanical properties were described. The paper also touched on accelerators, large superconducting devices such as LHD (large helical device) and ITER (international thermal-nuclear experimental reactor) as well as generators and current limiters. The cryogenetic engineering was also reported such as fracture toughness and superfluidity of cryostats and structural materials for extremely low temperatures.

Análise de dados do Latim no Livro Velho do Tombo

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Gustavo Santos Matos

2017-02-01

Full Text Available O Livro Velho do Tombo, objeto de análise deste trabalho, arrola documentos como: “doaçoens, escripturas de terras, autos de posse, testamentos, sentenças, despachos, quitações, petições”, entre outros, todos de teor jurídico. O trabalho aqui proposto propõe observar qual a função do uso das notae iuris no fazer notarial no Brasil Colônia presentes no Livro Velho do Tombo elencando e classificando os elementos latinos presentes nos cem primeiros fólios deste livro, seguindo a proposta de Célia Telles e Risonete Souza em trabalho sob o título: De verbo ad verbum: o uso do latim no Livro Velho do Tombo, no qual analisaram o uso do latim no documento Sentença da legacia que alcançou este Conu(ento contra o P(adre Andre lobato da mata sobre humas terras na Vila velha (fólios 70r -78r, classificando-os em: lexias simples, locuções, colocações e argumentos. Todo o trabalho será feito a partir da edição semidiplomática do livro. A partir dos textos editados, proceder-se-á ao levantamento dos trechos, termos, palavras e expressões escritos em língua latina. Seguindo o levantamento e a funcionalidade discursiva destes termos, brocardos jurídicos e trechos encontrados, fazer-se-á a separação, seguindo a categorização proposta por Telles e Batista. Busca-se com este estudo verificar se a classificação proposta pelas autoras é aplicável também a todos os documentos aqui analisados, visando melhor compreender as práticas notariais na Bahia Colônia.

Gestión participativa en la elaboración de estrategias de revitalización urbana para el barrio histórico de San José, Puebla

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Norma Leticia Ramírez Rosete

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La necesidad de incidir en la forma de intervenir el Centro Histórico de Puebla para mejorar las condiciones de habitabilidad y cohesión social del barrio de San José , nos conlleva a construir una propuesta metodológica de alcance multidisciplinario que sea un modelo de intervención. De esta manera , se deberán analizar las políticas , estrategias y el impacto generado por los proyectos de rehabilitación urbana implementado s por el gobierno en el Centro Histórico y , principalmente, enfatizar el papel de la participación de la comunidad en la protección, rescate y conservación de sus barrios . E sta preocu pación investigativa nos conduce a la reflexión teórica y al estudio del arte de la rehabilitación urbana sostenible — de gran relevancia en el ámbito internacional — y da la pauta para analizar la viabilidad de diferentes tipos de intervención (co nservación , renovación, regeneración, etc. realizados de manera parcial y fragme ntada a principios del siglo XX . Resultado de esas intervenciones es la formulación de un modelo integral de rehabilitación urbana sostenible como principal a cción de mejorami ento, capaz d e recuperar estos espacios históricos en los ámbitos social, cultural, económico, urbano y ambiental. En este sentido , la gestión participativa coadyuvar á a fortalecer la propuesta de estrategias de rehabi litación a escala de barrio que garantice la integración social y la mejora de la calidad de vida en el b arrio de San José .

A influência da ética no perfil do profissional contábil

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Maria das Graças Vieira

2003-11-01

Full Text Available A tentação é grande: você olha para o lado e vê gente crescendo na empresa depois de sonegar informações, manipular relatórios, fazer promessas vazias, aceitar presentes de agradecimento entre outros inúmeros exemplos, mas será que compensa? Vale tudo para subir? Será que vale apenas ser antiético? As empresas têm motivos de sobra para atuarem de maneira ética interna e externamente. Está provado que práticas cidadãs podem ser um diferencial competitivo. Por outro lado, empresas cuja conduta é questionável, sofrem boicotes dos clientes, fornecedores, investidores e até dos bons profissionais que adotam a ética profissional acima de qualquer oferta de salário. A Ética é a ciência vinculada a julgam'ento de apreciação moral, sobre juízos de valores amarrados à distinção entre o bem e o mal. Ela é um valor de primeira grandeza para o profissional. Nunca o contabilista deve abrir mão de certos princípios, como a honestidade e a transparência. O problema é o que fazer para manter tais princípios. É necessário desenvolver uma boa estratégia para garantir a manutenção da ética. A ética profissional indaga qual deve ser a conduta do contabilista de modo a acrescentar algo a ele mesmo enquanto ser humano, e à sociedade. Logo, falar de ética profissional é falar da realização do homem, da felicidade de cada um enquanto partícipe na construção do bem de todos, pelo desempenho da sua atividade.

El perfume del Esposo: Según Gregorio de Nisa en el Comentario al Cantar de los Cantares

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Eva Reyes Gacitúa

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El simbolismo del perfume, tanto en la tradición clásica y cristiana, se ha hecho poseedor de un valor inestimable porque desde tiempos antiguos se le ha relacionado como proximidad de la divinidad. Gregorio de Nisa elabora una doctrina Cristológica comprendida desde la expresión del perfume a partir del itinerario de los personajes del Cantar, sostiene que las doncellas corren tras el olor perfumante del Esposo, a causa de participar en la comunión como expresión de eclesialidad. La esposa, por su parte, cuenta con el buen olor que forman a modo de ungüento las virtudes. Con ello, Gregorio comprende que el hombre es incapaz de poseer una clara visión del rostro de Dios y mediante el sentido del "olor" se nos regala una percepción de su presencia en medio nuestro. Es decir, Dios no es inalcanzable, sino que aun poseído, siempre sobrepasa al que ya lo posee, intuyendo que Dios no es inaccesible, sino solo ilimitadoThe symbolism of perfume has been utilized in a highly valuable way to convey the idea of proximity to divinity, both in classical and Christian traditions. Gregory of Nyssa elaborated a Christological doctrine from the concept of perfume, referring to the itinerary of the characters in the Song of Songs. He postulates that the young women, chasing after the perfumed aroma of the Bridegroom, are an image of participation in communion, an expression of ecclesiality. The bride, for her part, regards herself as possessing a "good scent" in the sense of an anointment with virtues. Thus Gregory understands that while we are incapable of possessing a clear vision of the face of God, through the sense of "smell" we are gifted with a perception of His presence in our midst. That is to say, God is not unreachable, but rather, even when possessed, He always goes beyond what is possessed, thus inferring that God is not inaccessible, but only unlimited

TUMOR VENÉREO TRANSMISIBLE CANINO DE PRESENTACIÓN ATÍPICA. REPORTE DE CASO CLÍNICO

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R. Crossley

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Se describe el caso de un paciente canino macho entero, raza Bóxer, de ocho años de edad y 30 kg de peso vivo, que ingresó a consulta en el hospital Clínico Veterinario de la Universidad Santo Tomás, sede Santiago, por un aumento de volumen en el ojo derecho, signo clínico con un curso de dos meses de evolución que no respondió al tratamiento con prednisona oral (0,7 mg/kg, dos veces al día (BID, ni a dexametasona y tobramicina en ungüento oftálmico (1 gota, tres veces al día, TID. Al examen físico se observó una masa en el tercer párpado que desplazaba el ojo lateralmente, además de una masa que se palpaba en la base lateral del pene. Se realizó una ecografía ocular que indicó la presencia de una masa de aspecto irregular con parénquima heterogéneo y características neoplásicas en la zona medial del globo ocular derecho y una ecografía abdominal que permitió detectar una masa dorsal a la vejiga. Al realizar citología ecoguiada de las masas intraabdominal y ocular, bajo sedación, se constató una inflamación supurativa, necrosis y displasia epitelial en la masa periorbitaria sugerente de neoplasia, la cual no se pudo diagnosticar fehaciente - mente; por su parte, la citología de la masa intraabdominal indicó la presencia de Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVT. El tratamiento se inició con vincristina (ocho aplicaciones i.v. de 0,7 mg/m² cada 7 días lográndose remisión parcial. Ante una posible resistencia al efecto de la quimioterapia, se decidió modificar la terapia a doxorrubicina (30 mg/m² la cual tuvo respuesta positiva alcanzando remisión completa con una aplicación única.

Research and development of photovoltaic power system. Research on low temperature deposition of polycrystalline thin films; Taiyoko hatsuden system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Teion seimaku gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

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Sato, K [Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Technology

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on a technology of low temperature deposition of polycrystalline thin films for solar cells. This research used ITO coated glass substrates, on which CdS was accumulated to a thickness of about 100 nm by using the CBD process, and over this deposition a CuInSe2 film was formed at 300{degree}C by using the ion cluster beam (ICB) process. The manufactured solar cells with a glass/ITO/CdS/CuInSe2/Au structure had an efficiency of 2%. In manufacturing a CuGaSe2 thin film by using the ICB process, effects of acceleration voltage relative to cluster beams and ionization current were investigated. It was found that the film morphology, the result of analysis by using X-ray diffraction, and the electric conductivity are sensitive to the ionization current. From these findings, an optimum film forming condition was derived. A CuGaSe2 thin film was manufactured by using the ICB process over a Cds thin film deposited by using the CDB process. Both of the surface morphology and X-ray diffraction patterns of the film did not show a large change, indicating a possibility of manufacturing cells with a reverse structure. Effects of heat treatment on CuInSe2 monocrystals were evaluated by using ESR and FTIR. 6 figs., 1 tab.

Improvement of low temperature oxidation resistance in MoSi{sub 2}-oxides composites; Sankabutsu no fukugoka ni yoru MoSi{sub 2} zairyo no teion sanka tokusei no kaizen

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Jiang, W.; Uchiyama, T. [Riken Corp., Saitama (Japan)

1999-11-15

MoSi{sub 2}-oxides composites using fine aluminosilicate powder (< 0.2{mu}m) have demonstrated excellent low temperature oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance. These properties strongly depend on microstructural morphology and are obtained in composites that network-structures of both phases of MoSi{sub 2} and oxides are developed, i.e., in composites with oxides of 20 {approx} 40 vol. %. When one phase is independently dispersed in the other phase, on the other hand, problems of low temperature oxidation and thermal shock occur. The low temperature oxidation problem occurs in the composites with oxides less than 15 vol. % and the thermal shock problem occurs in the composites with oxides more than 50 vol. %. These results will contribute to material design approaches for high temperature structural applications of MoSi{sub 2}. (author)

Um olhar sobre as benzedeiras de Juruena (Mato Grosso, Brasil e as plantas usadas para benzer e curar

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Márcia Regina Antunes Maciel

Full Text Available O 'benzimento' é forma antiga no tratamento de várias doenças, utilizada na Europa desde a Idade Média. No Brasil, os benzedores surgiram a partir do século XVII. Interpretações dos conhecimentos, uso tradicional dos recursos vegetais e manejo realizado por benzedores, raizeiros e parteiras são fonte de pesquisa nos estudos etnobotânicos. Benzedores indicam plantas para efeito de cura ou como amuletos protetores, com a presença destas formas de uso da flora na cultura popular. Este estudo foi realizado em Juruena, Mato Grosso, com aplicação de técnicas de observação participante, entrevistas semi-estruturadas (questões abertas/fechadas gravadas e amostras intencionais e a realizção de coleta de material botânico, depositado no Herbário da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT. Teve o objetivo de compreender a importância das benzedeiras, identificar etnobotanicamente as plantas utilizadas, formas de prescrição e manipulação. Foram entrevistadas quatro benzedeiras no período de setembro de 2002 a novembro de 2003, as quais demonstraram um conhecimento etnobotânico expressivo. Estas benzem, preparam e receitam chás, garrafadas, banhos e ungüentos. As enfermidades tratadas foram agrupadas em duas categorias: doenças físicas (dorde-dente, dor-de-barriga, verminoses, cobreiro, arca-caída, rendidura, erisipela etc e doenças espirituais (quebranto, mau-olhado, pessoas carregadas, encosto. Foram relatadas 87 etnoespécies, distribuídas em 31 famílias botânicas, dentre as quais se salientam erva-de-Santa-Maria (Chenopodium ambrosioides L., chapéu-de-couro (Echinodorus macrophyllus MIq., quina-do-mato (Strychnos sp St.Hil., ipê-roxo (Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell. Toledo, arruda (Ruta graveolens L., guiné (Petiveria alliacea L. e comigo-ninguém-pode (Dieffenbachia picta L. A medicina popular praticada pelas benzedeiras vem ao encontro dos anseios das pessoas que buscam alívio para seus males, com valores e heran

Application of resin lining system for countermeasures for preventing leakage from openings in low temperature materials storage; Teion busshitsu chozoji no ekimore oyobi reiki more taisaku toshite no kobunshikei zairyo no tekiyosei

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Inada, Y. [Ehime Univ., Ehime (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Seki, S.

1996-12-21

Recently, many of the low temperature materials such as LNG and LPG used as an energy substitution for petroleum were stored in the reclaimed land of the sea side district, however, it is necessary for those storage methods to enlarge sites. Therefore, it was considered to directly store the low temperature materials in openings excavated in the rock mountains. However, countermeasures for leakage of liquid and cold gas from cracks in openings would be an important subject. In this study, as a countermeasure for leakage of liquid and cold gas in the case in which low temperature materials were stored in openings in the rock mountains, the lining of resin materials on the surface of openings was proposed. Characteristics of strength and deformation and values of the thermal physical properties for the resin materials at the low temperature were obtained by experiments. This material was compared with granite supposed as a parent rock, and the thermal property of the resin materials was understood. Next, an analysis was conducted in the case of using the resin materials as a lining, the behavior of the surrounding rocks of the openings and the stability of the lining were investigated. 17 refs., 25 figs., 2 tabs.

BTX production by in-situ contact reforming of low-temperature tar from coal with zeolite-derived catalysts; Zeolite kei shokubai wo mochiita sekitan teion tar no sesshoku kaishitsu ni yoru BTX no seisei

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Matsunaga, T.; Fuda, K.; Murakami, K.; Kyo, M.; Hosoya, S.; Kobayashi, S. [Akita University, Akita (Japan). Mining College

1996-10-28

On BTX production process from low-temperature tar obtained by pyrolysis of coal, the effect of exchanged metallic species and reaction temperature were studied using metallic ion-exchanged Y-zeolite as catalyst. In experiment, three kinds of coals with different produced tar structures such as Taiheiyo and PSOC-830 sub-bituminous coals and Loy Yang brown coal were used. Y-zeolite ion-exchanged with metal chloride aqueous solution was used as catalyst. Zn{sup 2+}, Ni{sup 2+} and In{sup 3+} were used as metal ions to be exchanged. The experiment was conducted by heating a pyrolysis section up to 600{degree}C for one hour after preheating a contact reforming section up to a certain proper temperature. As a result, the Ni system catalyst was effective for BTX production from aromatic-abundant tar, while the Zn system one from lower aromatic tar. In general, relatively high yields of toluene and xylene were obtained at lower temperature, while those of benzene at higher temperature. 4 figs., 1 tab.

Low temperature formation of ferroelectric PbTiO3 films by laser ablation with 2nd laser irradiation; Reiki hikari laser heiyo laser ablation ho ni yoru kyoyudentai PbTiO3 usumaku no teion keisei

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Tabata, H.; Kawai, T. [Osaka University, Osaka (Japan)

1997-08-20

The unique advantage of the pulsed laser deposition is its ability to produce highly oriented stoichiometric films at a low substrate temperature. Ferroelectric PbTiO3 thin films have been formed using 2nd laser assisted laser ablaion technique at low temperature, i.e., 350degC, on Sr7iO3 single-crystal substrates and Pt/MgO electrodes. The second laser irradiation at the substrate surface is quite effective for crystallization of the films at low substrate temperature below 400degC. The suitable energy density (fluence) of the irradiation laser is in the range of 30-100 mJ/cm{sup 2}. X-ray diffraction patterns of PbTiO3 thin films show c-axis orientation, with a rocking angle of 1.0 - 0.5deg. These films exhibit ferroelectric hysteresis loop. The dielectric constant and remanent polalyzation of the PbTiO3 films are in the range of 120-150 and 60-80 {mu}C/cm{sup 2}, respectively. 31 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

3Wave propagation in rock samples under medium and low temperature conditions. Characteristics of methane hydrate-BSR phenomena; Chu teion ryoiki ni okeru ganseki shiryo no hado denpa tokusei. 1. Methane hydrate BSR gensho no kosatsu suitei

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Rokugawa, S; Kato, Y; Matsushima, J; Sano, A [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1997-10-22

In relation to sea-bottom pseudo reflection face and methane hydrate in seismic exploration records, fundamental experimental studies have been made. In order to get a handhold to elucidate phenomena accompanying methane hydrate, the studies have investigated wave propagation behavior of rock samples and sandy sediments under medium and low temperature conditions. The experiments have used a constant-temperature cooling water circulating equipment to control temperatures of each sample. The samples were placed in a cooler box with the vibration transmitter and receiver fixedly installed, and changes of the waves against temperature change were measured. Sand-stones and two kinds of tuffs were used as rock samples for the measurement. Artificial sand sample soaked in water was used as a substitute for a methane hydrate layer. As a result of the experiments, the relation between the hydrate layer and the gas layer was comprehended. In addition, the blanking phenomenon was thought occurring as a result of the nearly whole substance presenting the speed of ice due to freezing of the sediments, rather than by what is described in the ground homogeneousness theory. 5 refs., 9 figs.

BIODEMOGRAFÍA EN LA CIUDAD DE SALTA. SU POBLACIÓN A MEDIADOS DEL SIGLO XIX

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Noem\\u00ED Acreche

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo analiza desde la Demografía Genética la población de la Ciudad de Salta a mediados del siglo XIX, en base a do entos originales del censo provincial realizado en 1865. De esta manera, fue posible reconstruir la estructura de esta población, integrando datos estadísticos con una plicación biológica e histórica. A partir de la revisión de los archivos, fue posible determinar que la población de la ciudad de Salta contaba 9844 habitantes, distribuidos en 1270 viviendas y conformando 1492 hogares, solamente 10 de ellas se encontraban des adas. La fracción masculina representa el 45 % y la femenina el 55 % de la población, con una razón sexual de 81,83 valor superior al calculado para la ciudad (77,43 y m nor al calculado para la provincia en 1865 (101,75. La edad media de la población total es de 21,82 (SD = 16,60 siendo la máxima edad registrada de 99 años; en las mujeres es de 22,69 (SD = 16,60 y 20,76 (SD = 16,50 en los varones, siendo significativa la d ferencia entre sexos (p = 0,05. En esta ciudad el porcentaje de menores de 4 años representan el 14,48 %, mientras los mayores de 60 años constituyen el 1,67 % y no superan a barrera del 7 % fijada por las Naciones Unidas, por lo que esta población podría ser considerada una población joven. La Relación Niños/Mujeres (RNM, utilizada como indicador aproximado de la fecundidad cuando no se disponen datos seguros sobre los nacimientos, fue estimado para la ciudad y 491,718 fue el valor obtenido. Este v es superior al registrado para la provincia (323,16, sin embargo estaría indicando na baja fecundidad. En la ciudad, los migrantes representan el 11,10 % de la población total (N = 9844 y quienes provienen de países limítrofes realizan el mayor aporte migratorio. Sólo el 18,50 % de ellos conforman la población reproductora. La Tasa de gración efectiva (me = 0,182 es baja, mientras el Coeficiente de Aislamiento Reprod ctivo (CAR = 292,71 es elevado. El

Tratamento de feridas: análise da produção científica publicada na Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem de 1970-2003 Tratamiento de heridas: análisis de la producción científica publicada en la Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem de 1970-2003 Wound treatment: scientific production analysis published in the Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem from 1970-2003

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Ângela Lima Pereira

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Esta revisão bibliográfica sistematizada teve como objetivo analisar a produção científica acerca da utilização de produtos no tratamento de feridas, publicada na REBEn de 1970 a 2003. Consultamos todos os números da revista publicados no período, identificando 41 artigos de interesse. Após leitura dos mesmos, incluímos na amostra 11 textos. Identificamos maior publicação na década de 1990, predominando autores da área assistencial, delineamento quase-experimental e de relato de experiência. Os produtos estudados foram papaína, própolis, açúcar, bota de Unna, carvão ativado, filme transparente, membrana amniótica, clara de ovo, colagenase, hidrocolóide, alginato de cálcio, pomadas antimicrobianas, ácidos graxos essenciais, fibras de viscose e poliéster. Os resultados encontrados denotam efeitos positivos da utilização dos produtos.Esta revisión bibliográfica sistematizada tuvo como objetivo analizar la producción científica respecto a la utilización de productos en el tratamiento de heridas, publicada en la REBEn de 1970 a 2003. Consultamos todos los números de la revista publicados en el periodo, identificando 41 artículos de interés. Después de la lectura de los mismos, incluimos en la nuestra 11 textos. Identificamos mayor publicación en la década del 1990, predominando autores del área asistencial, delineamiento casi-experimental y de relato de experiencia. Los productos estudiados fueron papaína, propolis, azúcar, bota de Unna, carbón activado, película transparente, membrana amniótica, albumina, colagenasa, hidrocolóide, alginato de calcio, ungüentos antimicrobianas, ácidos grasos esenciales, fibras de viscosa y poliéster. Los resultados encontrados denotan efectos positivos de la utilización de los productos.This systematic review aimed to analyze the scientific production concerning the use of products in the treatment of wounds, published by REBEn from 1970 to 2003. We consulted all

Cooperación y desigualdad

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David Strauss

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: La desigualdad ha aumentado en los últimos años. Los avances re- cientes en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación tienen un papel dominante entre las fuerzas explicativas. La razón es que tales avances facilitan ciertas formas de cooperación entre los agentes que cambian la división del ex- cedente económico. Métodos: Para poder estudiar la manera en que diferentes formas de cooperación afectan la desigualdad se elaboró un modelo de cooperación entre agentes de tal- entos heterogéneos que permiten dos tipos de cooperación: entre tareas y dentro de tareas. La primera refleja la asignación de diferentes agentes para diferentes tareas. La segunda representa la reasignación de tareas en caso de que algún agente no cumpla. Los costos de esta forma de cooperación disminuyeron de manera sustancial debido a la difusión de Internet, el correo electrónico, los teléfonos celulares y la tecnología inalámbrica. La asignación del equilibrio es caracterizada, en particular la clasificación del equilibrio de agentes en coopera- ciones y la concordancia entre agentes. Resultados: La cooperación lleva a una mayor desigualdad en la parte superior y a una menor desigualdad en la parte inferior de la distribución del talento en com - paración con una situación hipotética sin ninguna división del trabajo. Además, se ha demostrado que la cooperación dentro de las tareas tiende a aumentar más la desigualdad que la cooperación entre las tareas. Por lo tanto, el modelo es capaz de generar el reciente incremento en la desigualdad de ingresos debido a la revolución de las TIC en los últimos años. Además, el modelo implica una correlación positiva entre los momentos más altos de la distribución del talento y la prima por cualificaciones que es coherente con la evidencia empírica y es- clarece algunas evoluciones potenciales en la desigualdad debido a cambios en la distribución de la dificultad de las

Fungos endofíticos associados a plantas medicinais Endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants

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V Mussi-Dias

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Com a utilização de plantas medicinais em infusões, xaropes, tinturas, ungüentos, dentre outras formas, pressupõe-se que fungos endofíticos, presentes no interior das plantas, mas sem causar doença, possam tornar-se um componente destes produtos, principalmente quando utilizados in natura. Além disso, os fungos endofíticos podem também produzir substâncias tóxicas aos usuários ou mesmo alterar o metabolismo vegetal, modificando a composição e as propriedades medicinais, assim como, a qualidade do produto armazenado e comercializado. Neste sentido, objetivou-se isolar e identificar a flora fúngica endofítica de onze espécies medicinais escolhidas ao acaso. Obtiveram-se culturas-puras dos fungos Phomopsis, Colletotrichum, Pestalotia, Trichoderma, Fusarium, Nigrospora e Glomerella ocorrendo endofiticamente em Plectranthus barbatus, Vernonia condensata, Pfaffia paniculata, Foeniculum vulgare, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Cordia curassavica, Maytenus ilicifolia, Punica granatum, Morus nigra e Bauhinia forficata. As espécies vegetais em que se identificaram o maior número de fungos endofíticos foram Vernonia condensata, Punica granatum e Morus nigra. Todos os fungos recuperados neste trabalho apresentaram características estritamente endofíticas, não manifestando patogenicidade nas espécies hospedeiras. Dentre os fungos detectados, especial atenção deve ser dada ao gênero Fusarium, uma vez que inúmeras espécies deste gênero são conhecidas produtoras de micotoxinas e constituem-se em importantes patógenos pós-colheita.With the use of medicinal plants in infusions, syrups, dyes, unguents, among other forms, it is expected that endophytic fungi, present inside the plants but not causing diseases, become components of these products, especially when used in natura. In addition, endophytic fungi can produce toxic substances to the users or even modify the plant metabolism, altering the medicinal composition and

Fiscal 1994 survey of the base arrangement promotion for foreign coal import. Project to heighten the quality of subbituminous coal by low temperature carbonization process; 1994 nendo kaigaitan yunyu kiban seibi sokushin chosa. Teion kanryuho ni yoru arekiseitan no kohinshitsuka jigyo

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NONE

1995-03-01

The low-temperature carbonization process of coal is a technology to produce high grade reformed coal corresponding to bituminous coal and coal oil corresponding to heavy oil from subbituminous coal and supply them at prices close to the present market ones. From viewpoints of diversified sources and multiple export harbors, an initial-stage survey was conducted of the whole flow from new development of undeveloped mining areas in the northwest of Sumatra, Indonesia to bringing by ships to Japan of products reformed by LFC process of the US SGI`s low-temperature carbonization technology. Clean coal prepared after mining is produceable at a little higher than $12. At processing ability of 10,000 tons/day of raw coal, production is expected of approximately 5,700 tons/day of solid products of more than 6,500 kcal/kg and approximately 1,000 tons/day of low sulfur C heavy oil class oil. The finished cost of solid products is about $25/ton, which becomes about $40/ton at the harbor price in Japan. In conclusion, the project to enhance the quality of subbituminous coal by the low-temperature carbonization is promising as a total system. 10 refs., 54 figs., 30 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1991 on Sunshine Program-entrusted research and development. Research and development of high-efficiency solar cells (Research on low-temperature film formation technology); 1991 nendo kokoritsu taiyo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Teion seimaku gijutsu no kenkyu

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NONE

1992-03-01

For the establishment of a low-temperature formation technology for compound semiconductor polycrystalline thin film of CuInSe{sub 2}, research is conducted involving film formation and film quality evaluation using the ICB (ion cluster beam) method. In the research on the film formation, an In-excessive film is placed on a Cu-excessive CuInSe{sub 2} film using the ICB method for the formation of a two-layer film. Bulk CuInSe{sub 2} and thin-film polycrystalline CuInSe{sub 2} are evaluated using PL (photoluminescence) spectrums excited by YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) and Ar. In both bulk and thin film, it is suspected that clues are latent in the levels deeper than hitherto reported. A luminescent belt of 0.75eV is detected. Changes in film quality before and after oxygen annealing are verified using the YAG-excited and Ar-excited PL spectrums, and the result suggests the feasibility of tracking the process in which the effect of annealing propagates inward from the interfacial surface. Fe-added single-crystal CuInSe{sub 2} is investigated for the optical and photoelectrical effects of Fe impurities. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 6 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (development of technology of low temperature materials); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 6 teion zairyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

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NONE

1998-03-01

The paper described the results of the development of technology of low temperature materials in the fiscal 1997 WE-NET. Using experimental equipment for materials under the atmosphere of liquid hydrogen, an experiment on mechanical characteristics under the liquid hydrogen atmosphere (20K) was conducted of the base materials of candidate steels (SUS304L, SUS316L and A5083). In material evaluation experiments (tension/fracture toughness/fracture tests), characteristic behaviors of the materials were shown which are different from those shown in the environment of liquid He (4k), etc. Even if the amount of {delta} ferrite in the metal welded of the stainless steel is small, approximately 1%, the degradation of low temperature toughness occurred. Welded joints of stainless steel by submerged arc welding and MAG welding were in now way inferior in tension characteristic to those by TIG welding, but were inferior in toughness ranging from room temperature to extremely low temperature. As to aluminum alloys, materials excellent in extremely-low temperature toughness were able to be found. Under the low temperature hydrogen gas atmosphere, the lower the strain rate is, the higher the hydrogen brittleness susceptibility is around 220K (extremely large hydrogen brittleness temperature) (SUS304L). In the hydrogen gas of 100 atm, hydrogen invades the material at 100degC, but does not at 77k. 38 refs., 173 figs., 48 tabs.

'Development and introduction of ice water conveyance system and verification of low temperature blast system' for leveling off electric power load; Denryoku fuka heijunka wo misueta 'hyosui hanso hoshiki no kaihatsu donyu to teion sofu hoshiki no kensho'

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Kuriyama, T. [Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Osaka (Japan)

1999-11-05

From the view point of the earth environment protection, energy-saving in the field of building air-conditioning has become increasingly important. On the other hand, the utilization of nighttime electric power is needed to ease the electric power supply and demand problem, and in this connection, a wider introduction of the ice heat storage system is recommended as one of the means to cope with such a problem. However, the ice heat storage system also has problems to be solved such as energy savability, and economy. Under such circumstances, various technical research and development efforts as well as evaluation thereof have been made centering around the 'technical development of the ice water conveyance system' and the 'evaluation of the low temperature blast system' for energy-saving, facility cost reduction and electric power load leveling off, and as a matter of fact these systems have been installed in actual buildings with useful results. (author)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Research and development of new technologies for storing farm products utilizing low-temperature energy (2nd fiscal year); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Teion energy wo riyoshita nosanbutsu no shinki chozo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (dai 2 nendo)

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NONE

1999-03-01

The aim of the work was to create new industrial technologies utilizing low-temperature energy satisfying local needs through developing new technologies, including air conditioning technologies high in reliability and excellent in energy efficiency. The objectives of the effort were to elucidate the behavior of moisture in the atmosphere below the freezing point and to develop farm product preserving technologies, to develop highly efficient energy conversion technologies for use in the low-temperature zone, latent heat storing cold heat technologies, and system evaluation. Constructed in connection with the last-said system evaluation were three technologies, which were a below-zero high-humidity air conditioning technology based on the outcome of agricultural verification of farm product storage, energy-efficient low-temperature storage of farm products which was a combination of a low-temperature oriented energy-efficient energy conversion technology and a clathrate hydrate-aided cold heat storing technology, and a technology applicable to business in the low-temperature processing field accessorial to the said technologies. They were compared with the conventional technologies, and then it was found that the most energy-efficient system, as endorsed by a 40-50% reduction it caused in electricity rate, was a combination of a low-temperature storage, frozen food storage, hydrate cold heat storage tank, recovery facility for farm waste incineration-produced waste heat, and a pulse tube freezer. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 phase 2 R and D report of WE-NET (International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion). Task 10. Development of low-temperature materials; 1999 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy gijutsu (WE-NET) dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu. Task 10. Teion zairyo no kaihatsu

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NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 research result on material property test under liquid hydrogen environment, and development of optimum welding material and welding technique for the WE-NET plan. In the study on material properties in a liquid hydrogen temperature range, fatigue strength tests of base metals and weld metals were conducted under liquid hydrogen environment continuously, and further fatigue data were collected. As a result, it was clarified that both SUS304L and SUS316L have extremely high fatigue strength. To improve the tenacity of candidate weld metals under liquid hydrogen environment, material tests of welds were conducted on the laser-welded stainless steel joint and friction stir- welded Al alloy joint prepared by TWI (The Welding Institute) in the U.K. The laser-welded stainless steel joint showed higher low-temperature tenacity and lower ductility than TIG- welded joints. The friction stir-welded Al alloy joint showed extremely improved tensile strength and tenacity in a liquid hydrogen temperature range. For the low-temperature material database, both addition of new data and improvement of software were promoted. (NEDO)

FY 1998 annual summary report on International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) system technology. Subtask 6. Development of cryogenic temperature materials technologies; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 6 (teion zairyo gijutsu no kaihatsu)

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NONE

1999-03-01

Summarized herein are the cryogenic temperature materials technologies for the International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) project, developed in FY 1998. The R and D programs have been implemented continuously since 1994. For stainless steel, the base and TIG weld metals were evaluated for their material characteristics in liquid hydrogen. The items investigated included the influences of hydrogen charge, 20% of stretch working on the base metal, welding methods, and ?-ferrite content on the characteristics. Fatigue strength of the base metal was found to increases as temperature decreases, but remain unchanged in a range from 20 to 77K. No significant difference was observed between 304L and 316L. For aluminum alloy, mechanical characteristics, centered by fatigue characteristics, were investigated for the base and weld metals. The sample of higher tensile strength showed a higher fatigue strength, at room temperature, 77 and 4K. The other tested items investigated included embrittlement characteristics in a hydrogen atmosphere, phase transformation, hydrogen diffusion and fracture toughness, for establishing the databases of cryogenic temperature materials. (NEDO)

Control de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib. de Bary en Crisantemo y Habichuela con diferentes aislamientos de Trichoderma y con fungicidas Control of Sclerotínía sclerotíorum (lib de Bary in Chrysanthemum and snap bean with different isolates of Tríchoderma and with fungicides

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Delgado de Kallman Liliana

1990-12-01

Full Text Available

El trabajo consistió en seleccionar, incrementar, aplicar y evaluar la actividad antagónica de algunos aislamientos· del género Tríehoderma sobre el patógeno Scterotinía scterotiorum in vitro y en el campo en cultivos de crisantemo y habichuela, así como evaluar la eficiencia de algunos fungicidas en el control de las mismas enfermedades. Los aislamientos T10 de Tríchoderma víríde y T12 de Tríehoderma hamatúm se seleccionaron como los mejores antagonistas
del patógeno por su mayor inhibición del crecimiento del micelio, sobre la formaéión de esclerociós y la mayor esporulación sobre el patógeno. Los aislamientos con mayor
capacidad antagonista se evaluaron en el campo. Se evidenció la existencia de diferencias marcadas en el antagonismo entre los aislamientos de Tríehoderma utilizados. En los ensayos de campo se estableció que la
enfermedad se presentó en el primero y segundo
tercio de la planta, lo que indica que el control con fungicidas debe ir dirigido preferencialmente a esas partes de la planta. Se evalu6 además la eficiencia de las aplicaciones de los fungicidas Ferbam, Carbendazim y Vinclozolin y·se observo que en el ensayo de crisantemo bajo invernadero, el mejor control se logr6 cuando· se aplicó Carbendazim al suelo durante la primera semana de siembra combinado con cinco aspersiones sucesivas de Vinclozolin al follaje cada siete días a partir de la sexta semana. Al comparar el mejor tratamiento químico con el mejor antagonista biológico no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre ambos tipos de tratamíento.

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on the phase II research and development for hydrogen utilizing international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Task 10. Development of low-temperature materials; 2000 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) dai 2 ki kenkyu kaihatsu. Task 10. Teion zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000 from the development of candidate low-temperature materials for liquid hydrogen transportation and storage (including mother materials and welds) for WE-NET. Evaluation tests were performed on material properties (mechanical properties, low-temperature embrittlement, and hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity) under room temperature and low temperature regions including liquid hydrogen atmosphere. Low temperature toughness of welds was assessed particularly to identify characteristics of different welding methods developed newly for improvements. The stainless steels and the mother materials of aluminum alloy selected as the candidates have sufficient characteristics even under the liquid hydrogen atmosphere, but the welds have lower low-temperature toughness, requiring improvement. For the stainless steels, since the amount of {delta} ferrite in welds affects greatly the low-temperature toughness, adoption of complete austenite type welding metal is effective. The reduced pressure electron beam welding method can enhance drastically the low-temperature toughness of stainless steel. For the aluminum alloy, it can be one of the alternatives to use an alloy system with composition of high low-temperature toughness. The friction stir welding method for the aluminum alloy was found to provide extremely high low-temperature toughness, which can be evaluated as a new welding method. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on regional consortium research and development project. Regional consortium on energy research in its 3rd year (Research and development of novel agricultural product storing technology utilizing low temperature energy); 1999 nendo teion energy wo riyoshita nosanbutsu no shinki chozo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 3

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NONE

2000-03-01

In an effort to develop the above-named technology to meet with Hokkaido's local needs, an experiment is conducted in which 2.6t of potato is preserved for 8 months in the open air at a below freezing temperature. It is then found that a system under which humidity is supplied by a 2-liquid nozzle and temperature is controlled by natural convection is better than the conventional, humidified underground pit. The reason is that the potato looses less weight when stored by the new method. In the case of a 20KW-class Stirling engine installed for power generation in a refuse incinerator flue gas duct, heat recovery efficiency on the high temperature side is increased when the engine heater is improved. Thermoelectric converters may be arranged in a cascade on the low temperature side of the Stirling engine. A pulse tube refrigerator using air as the medium is found to be equivalent to a system working on a CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) alternative. In the study of refrigerant aided cold thermal storage, a propane gas hydrate (which may be slurried) storage is found to exhibit a higher overall heat transfer coefficient than an ice thermal storage. A long-term storage system for agricultural products is constructed and then evaluated for cost performance, the system being a combination of a below-freezing high-humidity refrigerator, preliminary refrigerator, frozen finished goods storage, hydrate cold thermal storage, Stirling engine, and a pulse tube refrigerator. (NEDO)

Project subsidized by the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1982. Report on achievements in the project commissioned from NEDO - research and development on return of low-temperature hot water (simulated return test and a demonstration return test); 1982 nendo teion nessui kangen ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kangen mogi shiken kangen jissho shiken

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NONE

1983-03-01

Tests and researches were performed with an objective to elucidate a decaying mechanism of return wells when low-temperature hot water utilized for geothermal binary power generation is returned underground. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1982. For the simulated return testing equipment, the hot water supply line was changed, a supply line was newly installed for a water flowing test on hot water in the Hacchobara area, flow rate measuring lines for each system were newly installed, and the pressure detecting locations were changed. In the fundamental tests on the simulated return test, experimental researches were carried out on the following items: production of silica scale from geothermal water, solubility of silica acid, effect of pH on polymerization of silica acid, induction time in the polymerization process of silica acid, sizes of poly-silica acid particles in geothermal water, production of poly-silica acid due to temperature drop, oversaturation degree of mono-silica acid, and scale deposition. In the simulated return test, temperature of a simulated column reproducing the return ground bed, particle sizes, and hot water properties were used as the parameters for the test conducted. As a result, the decay in return wells was estimated to be governed predominantly by chemical deposition of the scales. (NEDO)

`Joint Research and Development of Industrial Technology,` an international research collaboration for fiscal 1997. Research and development for practical application of low-temperature sinterable, highly heat-radiating materials for ceramics; 1997 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo `sangyo kiban gijutsu kyodo kenkyu kaihatsu`. Teion shoketsu kohonetsusei ceramics kiban zairyo no jitsuyoka gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

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NONE

1998-03-01

A highly heat-conducting AlN ceramic substrate is developed for the cooling of semiconductor integrated circuit devices and power controlling semiconductor devices. In the development of a low-temperature sinterable ceramic texture, a sintering assistant is selected. In this process various assistants are tested for the effect of their presence on the occurrence of AlN oxidation and on the magnitude of standard energy for aluminate compound formation. The volatility at high temperatures of the components of the assistants are also examined. The sintering assistant developed for this project (mixture of Y2O3, CaO, LaB6, and WO3) is used in the sintering of an AlN material powder developed by The Dow Chemical Co., and then it is demonstrated that highly heat-conducting AlN substrates are mass-produced by continuous sintering at 1600degC in a nitrogen atmosphere, the product having a relative density of 100%, average heat conductivity of 154W/mK, bend resisting strength of 440MPa, and a fracture toughness value of 3.8MPam{sup 1/2}. 6 refs., 92 figs., 10 tabs.

Dermatitis irritativa del pañal: Tratamiento local con productos barrera y calidad de vida Diaper rash: Local treatment with barrier products and quality of life

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Justo Rueda López

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Los trastornos cutáneos son derivados, en la mayoría de las ocasiones, de agresiones continuas por elementos externos que tiene como respuesta reacciones como la pérdida de lípidos epidérmicos por efecto de la humedad, cambios en el pH cutáneo (alcalinización y aumento del coeficiente de fricción (denudación junto al desequilibrio de la flora saprofita de la piel, que se traducen en procesos irritativos y en un aumento de la infecciones fúngicas y bacterianas en la zona expuesta a humedad. Dada la importancia de evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con dermatitis que son tratados con productos barrera no irritantes (PBNI se ha desarrollado un estudio multicéntrico, con el objetivo de evaluar los aspectos relacionados con la mejora en la calidad de cuidados a pacientes tratados con Cavilon® que presentaban dermatitis por incontinencia mediante la escala ESCLI. Los pacientes incluidos en el estudio fueron 25. Los resultados muestran una mejora importante de los aspectos evaluados mediante la escala ESCLI sobre la evolución de la dermatitis. Esta escala valora aspectos como el área afectada por el enrojecimiento y la severidad, presentan una reversión del 47% de los casos. La denudación de la piel en la zona del pañal desaparece en el 56% de los casos y la severidad de la denudación que presenta una mejoría del 47%. La valoración del dolor en la zona de incontinencia se reduce en un 76% en la zona de incontinencia y en un 73% al realizar la limpieza de la zona. Las conclusiones del presente estudio ponen de manifiesto que la aplicación de productos formadores de una película barrera no irritante (PBNI en los pacientes que presentan dermatitis por incontinencia representa una alternativa a los tratamientos convencionales como son las cremas o ungüentos de óxido de cinc o pastas al agua. La reversión y reducción de la dermatitis es un aspecto que presenta una mejoría importante. Los resultados obtenidos que podemos

Historia del tratamiento de la Sífilis The history of Syphilis´ treatment

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R M C Leitner

2007-03-01

Full Text Available El nombre sífilis proviene del griego siph: cerdo y philus: amor. Recuerda al personaje de una obra, llamado Syphilo, que fue castigado por los dioses a sufrir una terrible enfermedad. Se analizan los datos sobre la sífilis en la antigüedad (que difieren según su fuente. Su mención en la Edad Media, su controversial origen, la ayuda de los paleopatólogos para encontrarlo. Luego de la Revolución Francesa y el inicio de la Edad Contemporánea, el porcentaje de enfermos fue creciendo y se acentuó la segregación de los mismos por la sociedad. Desde el año 1500 hasta principios del siglo XX el tratamiento de la sífilis dependía del mercurio. Tenía una gran variedad de formas de aplicación. La vía tópica: el ungüento gris, en calomelano o tabletas, en inyecciones, en fricciones y fumigaciones en donde el mercurio se introducía en el cuerpo por lo pulmones. Se adjudicó a la madera del guayaco pretendidas características curativas, que no poseía. Los ioduros se utilizaron para el terciarismo. Ehrlich en 1907, patentó el compuesto 606 o Salvarsan y en 1910, el Neo-Salvarsan o Arsfenamina (compuesto 914. Por estos descubrimientos recibió el Premio Nobel. En 1887, Julios Wagner Jauregg sugirió que la fiebre terapéuticamente inducida era útil en el tratamiento de enfermos psicóticos. En 1912 publicó sus satisfactorios resultados al tratar la paresias con una combinación de mercurio-iodo y tuberculina de Koch. En 1917 ingresó a su servicio un enfermo de malaria, con cuya sangre escarificaron la piel palúdica de tres paréticos, en lugar de darle inmediatamente quinina. Por ello fue galardona con el Premio Nobel. Se utilizó luego el bismuto, a partir de 1922, pero posteriormente fue sustituido por las sulfamidas, de aplicación dificultosa. El avance terapéutico más importante ocurrió en 1943, año en que se comenzó a utilizar la penicilina por Mahoney y colaboradores. Luego se confirmó la eficacia de la tetraciclina para

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on development of technologies for practical photovoltaic system under New Sunshine Program. Manufacture of thin-film solar cell and of low-cost/large-area module (Formation of low-temperature film); 1997 nendo taiyoko hatsuden system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Usukau taiyo denchi no seizo gijutsu kaihatsu, tei cost daimenseki module seizo gijutsu kaihatsu (teion maku keisei gijutsu kaihatsu)

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NONE

1998-03-01

A polycrystalline Si thin film formation technology is developed, which uses the flux process in which a reaction occurs between the target crystal and a flux component which is eutectic. Using this process, a crystal grain relatively large in diameter is obtained at a relatively low temperature. This method is now attracting attention as one of the technologies for producing crystalline Si film for use in thin-film polycrystalline Si solar cells. Especially when Al is used for flux, since Al is automatically doped into the target crystalline Si film, it is expected that the resulting film will serve as the ground for a photoactive layer provided with the BSF (back surface field) function which is important for the improvement of solar cell efficiency. A polycrystalline Si thin film is formed on a 2cm times 2cm-large glass substrate at a temperature not higher than 600 degrees C. It is recognized that films selectively oriented towards the (111) or (100) plane are acquired when other processes are employed. It is expected that the said Al-doped film provides a ground on which a BSF function-provided photoactive layer will be formed. (NEDO)

Report of the results of the fiscal 1997 regional consortium R and D project. Regional consortium energy field/R and D of new technology using low temperature energy for storage of agricultural products (first fiscal year); 1997 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Chiiki consortium energy bun`ya / teion energy wo riyoshita nosanbutsu no shinki chozo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (daiichi nendo) seika hokokusho

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NONE

1998-03-01

The development was conducted of a new technology using low temperature energy in Hokkaido for storage of agricultural products. In this fiscal year, the R and D were conducted of 1) elucidation of behavior of water droplets in the air at below-freezing temperatures and technology to preserve agricultural products, 2) low temperature region high efficiency energy conversion application technology, and 3) latent heat cold storage technology. In 1), it was clarified that the electrostatic capacity system is appropriate as non-contact simple measuring device of moisture distribution in cold air. Freezing temperatures were measured of potatoes, onions and carrots produced in Hokkaido. Equipment to generate moist air at below-freezing temperatures was trially manufactured which is composed of humidifier and freezer. A relation was studied between the humidifying method and the size of particulate water droplet. In 2), an experimental device was trially fabricated of BiTe thermoelectric conversion device. An experimental device for Stirling engine power generation was assembled which was incorporated into the waste incinerator. A basic experimental device of pulse pipe refrigerator was trially fabricated. Single crystals of BiSb semiconductors were made. In 3), it was clarified that gas hydrates of CO2 and C3H8 are promising as refrigerant. 60 refs., 120 figs., 19 tabs.

Improvement of sensitizatiuon in weld metals of austenitic stainless steels by laser surface melting treatment. Report 3. Study on low temperature sensitization in weldments of austenitic stainless steels ans its improvement by laser surface melting treatment; Reza hyomen yoyu shori ni yoru sutenresu ko yosetsu kinzoku no enbinka kaizen. 3. Osutenaito kei sutenresu ko yosetsubu no teion enbinka to reza hyomen yoyu shori ni yoru sono kaizen

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Nishimoto, K. [Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Mori, H. [Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan). Graduate School; Yamamura, T. [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-05-05

Laser surface melting treatment used for the improvement of intergranular corrosion resistance of sensitized austenitic stainless steel weld metal was studied. As a result, it was revealed that as compared to untreated material, sensitization was improved widely and intergranular corrosion resistance was improved to a level of base metal when laser surface melting treatment of sensitized weld metal was carried out. Further, sensitization effect at a condition of laser traveling velocity of 0.00167m/s was slightly insufficient compared to that of laser traveling velocity above 0.00833m/s. This phenomena was caused due to the existence of {delta} ferrite that accelerates the precipitation of Cr carbides inside the laser treatment portion and together with this, the Cr carbides are precipitated in {delta}/{gamma} grain boundary due to the effect of laser heat cycle with insufficient cooling velocity and this has caused desensitization. 16 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.

¿El bastón de Esculapio o el Caduceo de Mercurio?

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Jorge Cavelier Gaviria

1992-12-01

.