Bronchoalveolar lavage and technetium-99m glucoheptonate imaging in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lieske, T.R.; Sunderrajan, E.V.; Passamonte, P.M.

1984-01-01

A patient with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia was evaluated using bronchoalveolar lavage, technetium-99m glucoheptonate, and transbronchial lung biopsy. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed 43 percent eosinophils and correlated well with results of transbronchial lung biopsy. Technetium-99m glucoheptonate lung imaging demonstrated intense parenchymal uptake. After eight weeks of corticosteroid therapy, the bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophil population and the technetium-99m glucoheptonate uptake had returned to normal. We suggest that bronchoalveolar lavage, with transbronchial lung biopsy, is a less invasive way than open lung biopsy to diagnose chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. The mechanism of uptake of technetium-99m glucoheptonate in this disorder remains to be defined

Technetium-99m-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy and multidrug resistance-related protein expression in human primary lung cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duan Xiaoyi; Wang Jiansheng; Liu Min; Guo Youmin

2008-01-01

The occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major cause of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in patients with lung cancer, in part owing to the overexpression of MDR-related proteins. Technetium-99m-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) has been shown to be a substrate for some MDR-related proteins. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy for functional imaging of MDR-related protein phenotypes. To determine the correlation between 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and the expression level of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug-resistance protein (MRP), and glutathione-S-transferase Pi (GSTπ), 26 patients (17 men and 9 women, median age 57.5 years) with primary lung cancer were investigated. Following intravenous administration of 925 MBq 99m Tc-MIBI, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) were performed at 15 min and 2 h. On the basis of the fused images, tumor to background (T/B) ratio of both early and delayed images, and washout rate (WR%) of 99m Tc-MIBI were calculated. The immunohistochemical staining of Pgp, MRP, and GSTπ was performed, and the expression level was semiquantitated using a pathoimage analysis system. The imaging results were compared with the status of Pgp, MRP, and GSTπ expression. The WR% of 99m Tc-MIBI showed a significant positive correlation with Pgp expression (r=0.560, P=0.003), as no correlation was observed between WR% and MRP or GSTπ (r=0.354, P=0.076; r=0.324, P=0.106). Neither early T/B nor delayed T/B correlated with the expression level of Pgp, MRP, and GSTπ. WR%, Pgp, and GSTπ expression showed significant differences between squamous cell carcinoma (group A) and adenocarcinoma (group B). There was no significant difference among Pgp, MRP, and GSTπ expression levels in any cases (P>0.05). Our data confirmed that 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy is useful for determining the MDR caused by Pgp in patients with primary lung cancer. (author)

Intercellular Uptake of Technetium-99m Pertechnetate by Different Types of Cell Lines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Safri Zainal Abidin; Raizulnasuha Abdul Rashid; Muhammad Afiq Khairil Anuar; Wan Nordiana A Abd Rahman

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study is to determine the technetium-99m pertechnetate ( 99m TcO 4 ) intercellular uptake by different types of cell lines. HeLa, human fetal osteoblast (hFOB), glial and glioma cell lines grown in 6-wells culture plates were incubated with 99m TcO 4 of activity of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 μCi for 30 minutes at 37 degree Celsius and 5 % CO 2 humidified atmosphere. After incubation, the cells were washed 3 times with phosphate buffer saline to remove the extracellular traces of 99m TcO 4 . Measurement of the intercellular 99m TcO 4 into the cells was calculated. The intercellular uptake of 99m TcO 4 was found to be inversely correlate to the radioactivity. HHeLa cell shows the highest uptake followed by hFOB, glial and glioma cell lines. Comparison of uptake between normal and cancer cells present indistinguishable results. The findings of this study suggest that the intercellular uptake of 99m TcO 4 is highly dependent on the type of cells despite no significant different of uptake was found between normal and cancer cell lines. The level of radioactivity is also an important determinant factor that influence the uptake of 99m TcO 4 into the cell. The study will be the first precedent toward understanding the cellular characteristics and pharmacokinetic of non-invasive imaging tracer for future molecular imaging and therapy. (author)

Periarticular uptake of /sup 99m/technetium diphosphonate in psoriatics. Correlation with cutaneous activity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Namey, T.C.; Rosenthall, L.

1976-01-01

The periarticular uptake of /sup 99m/technetium-labeled diphosphonate (/sup 99m/TcDP) was compared in 12 patients hospitalized for psoriasis and in 12 hospitalized for other dermatoses not associated with arthropathy. The 12 patients with psoriasis had recent onset disease of less than 5 years duration; neither group had historical or clinical evidence of arthritis. All psoriatics had markedly abnormal scans with symmetrically increased periarticular uptake about the imaged joints. None of the controls had similar findings. In 4 patients scanned with /sup 99m/technetium-pertechnetate within 24 hours of their /sup 99m/TcDP scan, no evidence of inflammatory synovitis was found. Three of these patients were serially imaged with /sup 99m/TcDP at intervals of 2 weeks to 3 months after their initial study, when obvious clinical improvement in their psoriasis was apparent. Improvement in the radionuclide joint images was demonstrated in some of the patients, but none reverted to normal during the study period. In light of recent evidence for the preferential binding of /sup 99m/TcDP to immature collagen, it is suggested that psoriasis may represent a generalized, but uncharacterized, collagen disorder present in bone as well as skin, linking the cutaneous disease with the potential for arthropathy

Comparison of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintimammography in the detection of breast tumours

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palmedo, H.; Bender, H.; Gruenwald, F.; Zamora, P.; Biersack, H.J. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Bonn (Germany); Mallmann, P.; Krebs, D. [Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Bonn (Germany)

1997-09-01

The aim of this study was to compare, in breast cancer patients, the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and scintimammography (SMM) using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI). A total of 20 patients (40 breasts with 22 lesions) were evaluated serially with MIBI and, on the following day, with FDG. For SMM, planar and single-photon emission tomography imaging in the prone position was performed starting at 10 min following the injection of MIBI (740 MBq). For PET, scans were acquired 45-60 min after the injection of FDG (370 MBq) and attentuation correction was performed following transmission scans. Results from SMM and PET were subsequently compared with the histopathology results. True-positive results were obtained in 12/13 primary breast cancers (mean diameter=29 mm, range 8-53 mm) with both FDG and MIBI. False-negative results were obtained in two local recurrences (diameter <9 mm) with both FDG and MIBI. In benign disease, FDG and MIBI did not localize three fibrocystic lesions, two fibroadenomas and one inflammatory lesion (true-negative), but both localized one fibroadenoma (false-positive). Collectively, the results demonstrate a sensitivity of 92%, and a specificity of 86%, for primary breast cancer regardless of whether FDG or MIBI was used. In contrast to MIBI scintigraphy, FDG PET scored the axillae correctly as either positive (metastatic disease) or negative (no axillary disease) in all 12 patients. The tumour/non-tumour ratio for MIBI was 1.97 (range 1.43-3.1). The mean standard uptake value (SUV) for FDG uptake was 2.57 (range 0.3-6.2). The diagnostic accuracy of SMM was equivalent to that of FDG PET for the detection of primary breast cancer. For the detection of in situ lymph node metastases of the axilla, FDG seems to be more sensitive than {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI. (orig.). With 4 figs., 2 tabs.

Increased uptake of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate in muscles in the course of polymyositis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Niemir, Z.; Oleksa, R.; Czepczynski, R.; Sowinski, J.

2005-01-01

A case of a woman aged 46 years with signs of rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure is presented. Coxsackie serum test was positive. Increased uptake of Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate ( 99mT c-MDP) by muscles of thighs and calves was observed. After 1 year no increased accumulation of radiotracer in the muscles was found

Bone marrow uptake of 99mTc-MIBI in patients with multiple myeloma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fonti, R.; Del Vecchio, S.; Zannetti, A.; Di Gennaro, F.; Pace, L.; Salvatore, M.; De Renzo, A.; Catalano, L.; Califano, C.; Rotoli, B.

2001-01-01

In a previous study, we showed the ability of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) scan to identify active disease in patients with multiple myeloma (Eur J Nucl Med 1998; 25: 714-720). In particular, a semiquantitative score of the extension and intensity of bone marrow uptake was derived and correlated with both the clinical status of the disease and plasma cell bone marrow infiltration. In order to estimate quantitatively 99m Tc-MIBI bone marrow uptake and to verify the intracellular localization of the tracer, bone marrow samples obtained from 24 multiple myeloma patients, three patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and two healthy donors were studied for in vitro uptake. After centrifugation over Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, cell suspensions were incubated with 99m Tc-MIBI and the uptake was expressed as the percentage of radioactivity specifically retained within the cells. The cellular localization of the tracer was assessed by micro-autoradiography. Twenty-two out of 27 patients underwent 99m Tc-MIBI scan within a week of bone marrow sampling. Whole-body images were obtained 10 min after intravenous injection of 555 MBq of the tracer; the extension and intensity of 99m Tc-MIBI uptake were graded using the semiquantitative score. A statistically significant correlation was found between in vitro uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI and both plasma cell infiltration (Pearson's coefficient of correlation r=0.69, P 99m Tc-MIBI inside the plasma cells infiltrating the bone marrow. Therefore, our findings show that the degree of tracer uptake both in vitro and in vivo is related to the percentage of infiltrating plasma cells which accumulate the tracer in their inner compartments. (orig.)

Technetium 99m SESTAMIBI myocardial perfusion imaging: Comparison between treadmill, dipyridamole and trans-oesophageal atrial pacing 'stress' tests in normal subjects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Primeau, M.; Taillefer, R.; Lambert, R.; Essiambre, R.; Honos, G.

1991-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the blood clearance, myocardial uptake and heart/lung and heart/liver ratios of technetium 99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-SESTAMIBI) following 3 different types of cardiac stimulation in normal subjects: Treadmill stress (STRESS), intravenous administration of dipyridamole (DIP) and trans-oesophageal atrial pacing (TAP). Ten normal volunteers were submitted to 3 injections of 99m Tc-SESTAMIBI (10 mCi/70 kg, separated by an interval of 7 days) following STRESS (standard Bruce protocol), DIP (0.142 mg/kg.min during 4 min) and TAP procedures. Blood samples were collected from 1 to 60 min after each 99m Tc-SESTAMIBI injection. Planar imaging was performed at 5, 30 and 60 min. Blood retention (percentage of injected dose at 1 min) was 56%±4%, 24%±4% and 38%±6% for STRESS, DIP and TAP, respectively (P 99m Tc-SESTAMIBI. (orig.)

Background {sup 99m}Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile uptake of breast-specific gamma imaging in relation to background parenchymal enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoon, Hai-Jeon; Kim, Bom Sahn [Ewha Womans University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yangchun-Ku, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Yemi [Ewha Womans University, Clinical Research Institute and Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Jee Eun [Ewha Womans University, Department of Radiology, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2015-01-15

This study investigated factors that could affect background uptake of {sup 99m}Tc- methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) on normal breast by breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI). In addition, the impact of background {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI uptake on the diagnostic performance of BSGI was further investigated. One hundred forty-five women with unilateral breast cancer who underwent BSGI, MRI, and mammography were retrospectively enrolled. Background uptake on BSGI was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. Patients were classified into non-dense and dense breast groups according to mammographic breast density. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) was rated according to BI-RADS classification. The relationship of age, menopausal status, mammographic breast density, and BPE with background {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI uptake was analyzed. Heterogeneous texture and high background uptake ratio on BSGI were significantly correlated with younger age (p < 0.001, respectively), premenopausal status (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003), dense breast (p < 0.001, respectively), and marked BPE (p < 0.001, respectively). On multivariate analysis, only BPE remained a significant factor for background MIBI uptake (p < 0.001).There was a significant reduction in positive predictive value (p = 0.024 and p = 0.002) as background MIBI uptake and BPE grade increased. BPE on MRI was the most important factor for background MIBI uptake on BSGI. High background MIBI uptake or marked BPE can diminish the diagnostic performance of BSGI. (orig.)

99mTc-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (sestamibi) imaging of malignant canine lymphoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steyn, P.F.; Ogilvie, G.

1995-01-01

Technetium-99m methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (sestamibi) imaging of malignant canine lymphoma was performed in thirteen dogs 1 hour after intravenous injection of 99mTc-sestamibi at 13 MBq (0.35 mCi) per kilogram body weight. Abnormal tracer uptake was visualized in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and mesenteric, inguinal, popliteal, sternal, cranial cervical and mandibular lymph nodes. Radiopharmaceutical uptake was also noted in a nasal mass. One large neoplastic renal mass did not have demonstrable sestamibi uptake. Other regions had no significant difference in the target:background ratios when compared with values from normal dogs (P > 0.05). 99mTc-sestamibi can be used to image malignant lymphoma, and has potential applications in the management of patients to document response to treatment and to stage of extent of disease

Gentc99m, computational system for the technetium-99m generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suparman, I.

1997-01-01

The technetium-99m generator is one of the main products of the PPR, as the continuity of the technetium-99m generator production is important for supporting the development of nuclear medicine. GENTC99M has been made for computational for the technetium-99m generator and includes data processing, documentation and information GENTC99M is also very useful in quality control application especially for the determinations of yield and radionuclidic impurities which consume much time. microsoft visual basic for MS-DOS and visual basic for windows have been used for making GENTC99M. Microsoft visual basic has several features that make it an ideal development language for both MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows. These features not only increase productivity, they also provide all the tools and hooks needed to develop some very sophisticated applications. for a production centre like PPR, GENTC99M is very useful to support the data processing, documentation and information system of the technetium-99m generator and it can also be modified for other products

Synthesis of Cu[MIBI]4Cl to prepare 99m Tc [MIBI]6+ as a myocardial perfusion agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramirez G, L.

1994-01-01

2-Methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) is a key starting material in the preparation of technetium-99m hexakis (2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile). This cationic complex has been reported to be clinically useful as myocardial perfusion agent. In this work, we designed an improved synthetic method to prepare 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile in a two step synthesis with an overall yield of 52.9 % , on the basis of 2-methoxyisobutylamine is a primary amine which, when is heated with a mixture of chloroform and alcoholic potash, produces an isonitrile. Its spectroscopic properties as well as the preparation of its copper and technetium-99m complexes are also presented. (Author)

Method of producing radioactive technetium-99M

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karageozian, H.L.

1979-01-01

A chromatographic process of producing high purity and high yield radioactive Technetium-99m. A solution containing Molybdenum-99m and Technetium-99m is placed on a chromatographic column and eluted with a neutral solvent system comprising an organic solvent and from about 0.1 to less than about 10% of water or from about 1 to less than about 70% of a solvent selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The eluted solvent system containing the Technetium-99m is then removed leaving the Technetium-99m as a dry, particulate residue

Relative uptake of technetium 99m stannous colloid by neutrophils and monocytes is altered by gram-negative infection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramsay, Stuart C.; Maggs, Jacqueline A.; Ketheesan, Natkunam; Norton, Robert; LaBrooy, Justin

2005-01-01

Gram-negative infection alters phagocytic cell function; hence, it could affect phagocytic uptake of inorganic colloids by these cells. Neutrophil and monocyte uptake of technetium 99m stannous colloid ( 99m Tc SnC) in whole blood was measured in 10 patients with gram-negative infection (Burkholderia pseudomallei) and 7 controls. Mean uptake per individual neutrophil was reduced in infection. Uptake per monocyte was not significantly different. Blood from six normal individuals was incubated with lysed B. pseudomallei and colloid, which showed reduced neutrophil uptake, but increased monocyte uptake. These results indicate that uptake of 99m Tc SnC stannous colloid can be used to measure alteration in phagocytic cell function. They suggest that infection with B. pseudomallei is associated with reduced phagocytosis by individual neutrophils, possibly through toxic effects of bacterial products. This could have immunopathogenic consequences for this gram-negative infection and may explain why it responds to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

Myocardial scintigraphy with thallium-201 and technetium-99m-hexakis-methoxyisobutylisonitrile in left bundle branch block: a study in patients with and without coronary artery disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Knapp, W.H.; Bentrup, A.; Schmidt, U.; Ohlmeier, H.; Bochum Univ. Hospital, Bad Oeynhausen

1993-01-01

In left bundle branch block (LBBB) thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy frequently reveals septal abnormalities in the absence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and gives rise to 'false-positive' results in patients with suspected CAD. It has not yet been clarified which pathophysiological mechanism is responsible for these perfusion abnormalities. A total of 66 patients with constant LBBB were investigated with 201 Tl or technetium-99m-hexakis-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI), 62 underwent coronary angiography. Of 12 patients without left anterior descending artery (LAD) or right coronary artery (RCA) stenoses, 11 had a reversible septal activity deficit after 201 Tl stress injection, whereas 20 of 22 patients without relevant CAD showed a constant stress/rest septal deficit using MIBI. Regarding patients with significant LAD and/or RCA stenoses, both radio-pharmaceuticals almost always showed a 'reversible' septal deficit: With 201 Tl in 15 of 16 individuals and with MIBI in 14 of 15. In 12 patients 201 Tl was reinjected at rest. In those who had LAD or RCA stenoses (n=5), early septal activity uptake after stress injection was poorer than that after rest injection; in the absence of CAD (n=7), septal stress uptake corresponded with that of rest injection. It is concluded that septal perfusion abnormalities in LBBB and the absence of CAD are characterized by an exercise-independent reduction of septal blood flow per mass of viable myocardium and that stress/rest injection protocols of myocardial perfusion tracers are able to differentiate between LBBB with and without CAD. (orig.)

The role of Technetium99m-MIBI in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Machado, L.S.; Corbo, R.; Pedras, D.S.V.; Anttonuccia, J.B.

2004-01-01

Full text: Technetium-99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) is being used as a tumor-seeking agent over the last few years. We evaluated the role of 99mTc-MIBI whole body scan (WBS) in localizing metastatic lesions in patients with thyroid cancer and compared the results with 131I scan and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels. Eighty nine patients of differentiated thyroid cancer subjected to thyroidectomy were enrolled for the study. Early (20 minutes) and delayed (6 and 24 hours) whole body images were obtained after injecting 99mTc-MIBI. Tg measurements were obtained during thyroid hormone replacement and 4 weeks after hormone discontinuation. 131I scans were performed after low diagnostic or high ablative/therapeutic dose. These methods were used as standard to evaluate the presence of residual or metastatic thyroid cancer. The patients with positive 99mTc-MIBI scan but negative 131I scan underwent chest x-ray, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 34 of the total 89 patients were found to be negative on 131I scan. 23 of these 34 patients had negative 99mTc-MIBI WBS and 11 patients were positive for abnormal MIBI uptake (specificity: 67.6%). Twenty-two patients had both 99mTc-MIBI WBS and 131I scan positive. Eleven patients had 131I scan negative and 99mTc-MIBI WBS positive; seven of those proved to be true positive. From the findings of our study, it may be concluded that although 99mTc-MIBI has low sensitivity for detection of tumor recurrence, it definitely has a role as a supplementary tool to thyroglobulin measurements and 131I scans. (author)

Evaluation of the use of technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and technetium Tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid for scintigraphic imaging of the kidneys in green iguanas (Iguana iguana).

Science.gov (United States)

Greer, Leah L; Daniel, Gregory B; Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I; Ramsay, Edward C

2005-01-01

To evaluate the use of scintigraphy involving technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA) or technetium Tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid ((99m)Tc-DMSA) for the determination of kidney morphology and function in green iguanas (Iguana iguana). 10 healthy iguanas weighing >1.6 kg. Renal scintigraphy was performed by use of (99m)Tc-DTPA in 6 of the iguanas and by use of (99m)Tc-DMSA in all 10 iguanas. After the injection of (99m)Tc-DMSA, scans were performed for each iguana at intervals during a 20-hour period. Renal biopsies were performed in all 10 iguanas after the final scintigraphic evaluation. In iguanas, the use of (99m)Tc-DTPA for renal scintigraphy was nondiagnostic because of serum protein binding and poor renal uptake of the isotope; mean +/- SD (99m)Tc-DTPA bound to serum proteins was 48.9 +/- 9.9%. Renal uptake of (99m)Tc-DMSA produced distinct visualization of both kidneys. Renal uptake and soft tissue clearance of (99m)Tc-DMSA increased over the 20-hour imaging period; mean +/- SD renal uptake of (99m)Tc-DMSA was 11.31 +/- 3.06% at 20 hours. In each of the 10 iguanas, ultrasonographic and histologic examinations of biopsy specimens from both kidneys revealed no abnormalities. Results indicate that the kidneys of iguanas can be evaluated scintigraphically by use of (99m)Tc-DMSA; this technique may be potentially useful for the diagnosis of renal failure in iguanas.

The performance of gel technetium-99m generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yishu

2004-01-01

Technetium-99m, as one of the important radionuclides in nuclear medical science, has been widely used for diseases diagnosis in both developed and developing countries for many years. Technetium-99m can be obtained from both fission-type and gel-type Tc-99m generator. Fission-type generator was prepared by Molybdenum-99 separated from fission products of uranium-235 and gel-type was prepared by irradiating nature MoO 3 in reactor, and a series of chemical and physical processes. This paper briefly describes the manufacturing technical process of gel-type Technetium-99 generator, including the preparation of target containing nature MoO 3 , the target irradiation in reactor, gel preparation, gel filtration and drying, dried gel cracking, generator loading and activity calibration of generator. The performances of gel-type Technetium-99m generator, such as elution efficiency, elution profile, the pH, Mo breakthrough, Zirconium content, radiochemical purity, radionuclidic purity, sterility and pyrogencity of eluate, are also expatiated in detail. Comparing with fission-type Technetium-99m generator, the defects of gel-type Technetium-99m generator are enumerated and their overcoming solutions are recommended in this paper. (author)

Process for producing radioactive technetium 99 m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karageozian, H.L.

1979-01-01

Active aluminium oxide containing Molybdenum 99 and technetium 99 m is treated with a neutral solvent consisting of water, methylethylketone and ethanol. Technetium 99 m remains on the chromatographic material after drying, in the form of a dry powder. Other aliphatic alcohols can also be utilised. (DG) [de

Inhibition of early 99mTc-MIBI uptake by Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein overexpression in untreated breast carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Del Vecchio, Silvana; Zannetti, Antonella; Aloj, Luigi; Caraco, Corradina; Ciarmiello, Andrea; Salvatore, Marco

2003-01-01

Lack of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) uptake is consistently reported to predict poor response to subsequent chemotherapy in a variety of human malignant tumours. Since 99m Tc-MIBI accumulates within mitochondria, which also play a central role in apoptosis through the integration of death signals by Bcl-2 family members, we tested whether early 99m Tc-MIBI uptake is affected by alterations of the apoptotic pathway. Forty-two breast cancer patients were intravenously injected with 740 MBq of 99m Tc-MIBI and planar images were obtained 10 min post injection with the patients in the prone lateral position. Ten carcinomas failed to accumulate 99m Tc-MIBI and could not be visualised on scintigraphic images despite being larger than 1.8 cm (MIBI negative). Thirty-two of the 42 breast carcinomas showed focal uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI (MIBI positive), and 10 min tumour-to-background ratios (T/B) varied between 1.14 and 6.93. The apoptotic index, the rate of proliferation, and the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and pro-apoptotic Bax protein were assessed in surgically excised tumours. All MIBI-negative carcinomas showed a dramatic and statistically significant reduction in the apoptotic index as compared with MIBI-positive lesions (mean±SD, 0.14±0.15 vs 1.28±0.83, P 99m Tc-MIBI in breast carcinomas is affected by alterations of apoptotic pathway. High levels of Bcl-2, despite the stabilisation of mitochondrial membrane potentials, prevent accumulation of 99m Tc-MIBI in tumour cells. In conclusion, absent or reduced early 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in large tumours may indicate a Bcl-2-mediated resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. (orig.)

Labelling of Klebsiella pneumoniae with technetium-99m: a preliminary communication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernardo Filho, M.; Pereira, J.A.A.; Boasquevisque, E.M.

1986-01-01

The labeling of Klebsiella pneumoniae with technetium-99m (Tc-99m) seems to depend on the stannous ion (Sn ++ ) concentration. Starting at 3μg/ml of this ion is the suspension fluid an uptake of Tc-99m close to 90% was observed. The labeling is apparently strong, since the eluation of Tc-99m, after incubation of the tagged culture, in a water-bath at 37 0 C for several hours, was very weak. The viability of the culture was unaltered after treatment with tin and Tc-99m. (Author) [pt

Biodistribution of 99m technetium labeled creatinine in healthy rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yilmaz, O.; Soylu, A.; Kavukcu, S.; Lambrecht, F. Yurt; Durkan, K.

2007-01-01

The distribution of creatinine, one of the toxic guanidine compounds, in various tissues has not been studied in detail by using radiolabeled creatinine. Our objective was to investigate the biodistribution of creatinine labeled with 99m technetium ( 99m Tc) by the stannous (II) chloride method in healthy male Wistar rats. Quality controls were carried out by radio thin layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and paper electrophoresis. The labeling yield was 85 ± 2% under optimum conditions (pH 7 and 100 μg stannous chloride). Rats (N 12) were injected intravenously with 99m Tc creatinine and their blood and visceral organs were evaluated for 99m Tc-creatinine uptake as percent of the injected dose per gram wet weight of each tissue (%ID/g). The lowest amount of uptake was detected in the brain and testis. When the rate of uptake was evaluated, only the kidney showed increasing rates of uptake of 99m Tc-creatinine throughout the study. Kidneys showed the highest amount of uptake throughout the study (P < 0.001 compared to all other organs), followed by liver, spleen and lung tissue. (author)

Technetium-99 m generator safety simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kang, Sang Koo; Kim, Chong Yeal

2008-01-01

Technetium ( 99m Tc) is one of the most widely used radioactive isotopes for diagnosis in the world. In general, 99m Tc is produced inside the so called technetium generator where 99Mo decays to 99m Tc. And the generator is usually made out of lead to shield relatively high energy radiation from 99m Tc and 99 Mo. In this paper, a GEANT4 simulation is carried out to test the safety of the 99m Tc generators, taking domestic and Japanese products with radioactivity of 18.50 GBq (500 mCi) for example. According to the domestic regulation on radiation safety, the dose at 10 cm and 100 cm away from the surface of radiation shielder should not exceed 2 mSv∙h -1 and 0.02 mSv∙h -1 , respectively. The simulated dose turned out about only 10% of the limit, satisfying the domestic regulation

The radiopharmaceuticals labelled with technetium-99m and the radiopharmacy; Les radiopharmaceutiques marques au technetium-99m et la radiopharmacie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bodenant, V

1998-10-01

In less than fifty years, the place of nuclear medicine is become primordial. Among all the radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine, the technetium-99m is the most used because of its physico-chemical properties and its great availability with the molybdenum-99m - technetium-99m generator. Since 1992, the radiopharmaceuticals, the packages, the generators are included in the pharmaceutic monopole. They are now under the reliability of the radio-pharmacist. This thesis has for object to introduce these different radiopharmaceuticals labelled with technetium-99m and to show the primordial place of the radio-pharmacist in a service of nuclear medicine. (N.C.)

Increased technetium-99 m hydroxy diphosphonate soft tissue uptake on bone scintigraphy in chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Enevoldsen, Lotte Hahn; Heaf, James Goya; Højgaard, Liselotte

2017-01-01

In bone scan patients with dialysis-treated chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyperparathyroidism, soft tissue accumulation of technetium-99 m hydroxy/methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99 m-HDP/MDP) has been reported primarily in case reports and usually explained by hypercalcaemia and/or hyperphosphata......In bone scan patients with dialysis-treated chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyperparathyroidism, soft tissue accumulation of technetium-99 m hydroxy/methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99 m-HDP/MDP) has been reported primarily in case reports and usually explained by hypercalcaemia and...... patients diagnosed with secondary hyperparathyroidism admitted for Tc-99 m-HDP bone scan. Baseline characteristics and mean concentrations of biochemical markers (including P-calcium and P-phosphate) taken 0-3 months prior to the bone scans were collected. Soft tissue uptake was detected on bone scans....../or hyperphosphataemia. As human vascular smooth muscle cells produce hydroxyapatite during cell culture with increased phosphate levels and as Tc-99 m-HDP/MDP primarily binds to hydroxyapatite, we hypothesized that soft tissue accumulation would be found in patients with hyperphosphataemia. We identified 63 CKD...

Preclinical evaluation of technetium 99m-labeled P1827DS for infection imaging and comparison with technetium 99m IL-8

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krause, Sabine [Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Global Drug Discovery, D-13342 Berlin (Germany); Rennen, Huub J.; Boerman, Otto C. [Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen (Netherlands); Baumann, Sabine; Cyr, John E.; Manchanda, Rajesh; Lister-James, John [Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Global Drug Discovery, D-13342 Berlin (Germany); Corstens, Frans C. [Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen (Netherlands); Dinkelborg, Ludger M. [Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Global Drug Discovery, D-13342 Berlin (Germany)], E-mail: sabine.krause@bayerhealthcare.com

2007-11-15

Background: The technetium 99 m ({sup 99m}Tc)-radiolabeled, leukocyte-avid peptide-glycoseaminoglycan complex, [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS, has been synthesized as an improved infection/inflammation imaging agent to [{sup 99m}Tc]P483H (LeukoTect, Diatide). In a phase I/II clinical trail, [{sup 99m}Tc]P483H images were equivalent to those obtained with {sup 111}In ex vivo labeled leukocytes. However, there was physiologic accumulation of radioactivity in the body that could hamper interpretation of the images. In this study, the potential of [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS for infection imaging was assessed in comparison with [{sup 99m}Tc]P483H and the well-described imaging agent [{sup 99m}Tc] hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC)-interleukin 8 (IL-8). Methods: The binding of [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS to human blood cell was studied in vitro. A rabbit Escherichia coli infection model was used to perform the biodistribution and imaging studies with [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS, [{sup 99m}Tc]P483H and [{sup 99m}Tc]HYNIC-IL-8. Results: [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS binds to leukocytes but not to erythrocytes. The leukocyte binding was not saturable up to an investigated concentration of 10 {mu}M. The accumulation of [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827/DS at the infection site strongly depends on the P1827/DS ratio and was optimal at a molar ratio of 10:1. [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS shows improved biodistribution over [{sup 99m}Tc]P483H with similar uptake at the infection site. Abscess uptake of [{sup 99m}Tc]HYNIC-IL-8 was approximately three times higher than that of [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS. [{sup 99m}Tc]HYNIC-IL-8 showed high accumulation in the kidneys, whereas [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS showed high lung uptake and slightly higher accumulation in the liver and spleen. Conclusion: [{sup 99m}Tc]P1827DS is a potential new inflammation imaging agent, which clearly visualized the abscess in the rabbit E. coli infection model and showed improved biodistribution compared to [{sup 99m}Tc]P483H. However, the infection uptake and biodistribution of

Preclinical evaluation of technetium 99m-labeled P1827DS for infection imaging and comparison with technetium 99m IL-8

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krause, Sabine; Rennen, Huub J.; Boerman, Otto C.; Baumann, Sabine; Cyr, John E.; Manchanda, Rajesh; Lister-James, John; Corstens, Frans C.; Dinkelborg, Ludger M.

2007-01-01

Background: The technetium 99 m ( 99m Tc)-radiolabeled, leukocyte-avid peptide-glycoseaminoglycan complex, [ 99m Tc]P1827DS, has been synthesized as an improved infection/inflammation imaging agent to [ 99m Tc]P483H (LeukoTect, Diatide). In a phase I/II clinical trail, [ 99m Tc]P483H images were equivalent to those obtained with 111 In ex vivo labeled leukocytes. However, there was physiologic accumulation of radioactivity in the body that could hamper interpretation of the images. In this study, the potential of [ 99m Tc]P1827DS for infection imaging was assessed in comparison with [ 99m Tc]P483H and the well-described imaging agent [ 99m Tc] hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC)-interleukin 8 (IL-8). Methods: The binding of [ 99m Tc]P1827DS to human blood cell was studied in vitro. A rabbit Escherichia coli infection model was used to perform the biodistribution and imaging studies with [ 99m Tc]P1827DS, [ 99m Tc]P483H and [ 99m Tc]HYNIC-IL-8. Results: [ 99m Tc]P1827DS binds to leukocytes but not to erythrocytes. The leukocyte binding was not saturable up to an investigated concentration of 10 μM. The accumulation of [ 99m Tc]P1827/DS at the infection site strongly depends on the P1827/DS ratio and was optimal at a molar ratio of 10:1. [ 99m Tc]P1827DS shows improved biodistribution over [ 99m Tc]P483H with similar uptake at the infection site. Abscess uptake of [ 99m Tc]HYNIC-IL-8 was approximately three times higher than that of [ 99m Tc]P1827DS. [ 99m Tc]HYNIC-IL-8 showed high accumulation in the kidneys, whereas [ 99m Tc]P1827DS showed high lung uptake and slightly higher accumulation in the liver and spleen. Conclusion: [ 99m Tc]P1827DS is a potential new inflammation imaging agent, which clearly visualized the abscess in the rabbit E. coli infection model and showed improved biodistribution compared to [ 99m Tc]P483H. However, the infection uptake and biodistribution of [ 99m Tc]P1827DS is not superior to that of [ 99m Tc]HYNIC-IL-8 in this animal model

Biodistribution of {sup 99m} technetium labeled creatinine in healthy rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yilmaz, O. [Dokuz Eylul University, Narlidere, Izmir (Turkey). Medical Faculty. Dept. of Animal Research Center; Soylu, A.; Kavukcu, S. [Dokuz Eylul University, Narlidere, Izmir (Turkey). Medical Faculty. Dept. of Pediatrics; Lambrecht, F. Yurt; Durkan, K. [Ege University, Bornova, Izmir (Turkey). Institute of Nuclear Sciences. Dept. of Nuclear Applications]. E-mail: s.kavukcu@deu.edu.tr

2007-06-15

The distribution of creatinine, one of the toxic guanidine compounds, in various tissues has not been studied in detail by using radiolabeled creatinine. Our objective was to investigate the biodistribution of creatinine labeled with {sup 99m}technetium ({sup 99m} Tc) by the stannous (II) chloride method in healthy male Wistar rats. Quality controls were carried out by radio thin layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and paper electrophoresis. The labeling yield was 85 {+-} 2% under optimum conditions (pH 7 and 100 {mu}g stannous chloride). Rats (N 12) were injected intravenously with {sup 99m} Tc creatinine and their blood and visceral organs were evaluated for {sup 99m} Tc-creatinine uptake as percent of the injected dose per gram wet weight of each tissue (%ID/g). The lowest amount of uptake was detected in the brain and testis. When the rate of uptake was evaluated, only the kidney showed increasing rates of uptake of {sup 99m} Tc-creatinine throughout the study. Kidneys showed the highest amount of uptake throughout the study (P < 0.001 compared to all other organs), followed by liver, spleen and lung tissue. (author)

Hepatic uptake of technetium-99m diphosphonate in thalassemia major

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levy, H.M.; Smith, R.

1986-01-01

Two cases of thalassemia major are presented in which bone scintigraphy demonstrated diffuse hepatic uptake of Tc-99m diphosphonate. Although abnormal splenic and renal uptake of Tc-99m phosphates has been reported in patients with thalassemia major, hepatic uptake has not been reported previously. This scintigraphic finding is presumably due to increased iron deposition in the liver, resulting from increased iron turnover and retention in these patients and from multiple previous blood transfusions

Effect of EHDP on calcium accumulation and technetium-99m pyrophosphate uptake in experimental myocardial infarction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buja, L.M.; Tofe, A.J.; Parkey, R.W.; Francis, M.D.; Lewis, S.E.; Kulkarni, P.V.; Bonte, F.J.; Willerson, J.T.

1981-01-01

Ethane-l-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) inhibits bone mineral growth. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that EHDP would interfere with the process of calcium uptake and deposition in evolving myocardial infarction and thereby influence other parameters, including technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc-99m PYP) uptake and scintigraphic visualization of the infarcts. Permanent occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was produced in beagles. In seven dogs, serum EHDP was maintained at 10-15 μg/ml for 24 hours by continuous i.v. infusion, and seven control dogs were infused with saline. The Tc-99m PYP was infected 2 hours before sacrifice. EHDP-treated dogs showed a mild decrease (20%) in mean calcium content of infarcted myocardium (102.4 +/- 6.4 μg [+/- SEM] per gram wet weight [n = 51] vs 126.7 +/- 9.5 [n = 49] [p -3 ] [n = 46] vs 28.9 +/- 4.3 [n = 46] [p < 0.005]) and a marked decrease (65%) in infarct-to-normal ratio (6.1 +/- 0.9 [n = 6] vs 15.9 +/- 3.7 [n = 6] [p < 0.05]). Positive relationships were demonstrated between myocardial Tc-99m PYP and calcium levels in the EHDP-treated dogs (r = 0.69) and the control dogs (r = 0.77). Infarct size and regional myocardial blood flow changes were similar in the EHDP-treated and control dogs. The average grade (0-4+) of the Tc-99m PYP myocardial scintigrams for infarcts greater than 3.5 g was 2.4 +/- 0.2 for control dogs and 1.1 +/- 0.4 for EHDP-treated dogs (p < 0.05). Thus, EHDP infusion at the dose tested produced a mild decrease in calcium accumulation in canine infarcts; however, it produced a greater reduction in Tc-99m PYP uptake in the infarcts

[99mTc[TRODAT-1: a novel technetium-99m complex as a dopamine transporter imaging agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kung Meiping; Stevenson, D.A.; Ploessl, K.; Meegalla, S.K.; Beckwith, A.; Essman, W.D.; Mu, M.; Lucki, I.; Kung, H.F.

1997-01-01

Technetium-99m is the most commonly used radionuclide in routine nuclear medicine imaging procedures. Development of 99m Tc-labeled receptor-specific imaging agents for studying the central nervous system is potentially useful for evaluation of brain function in normal and disease states. A novel 99m Tc-labeled tropane derivative, [ 99m Tc[TRODAT-1, which is useful as a potential CNS dopamine transporter imaging agent, was evaluated and characterized. After i.v. injection into rats, [ 99m Tc[TRODAT-1 displayed specific brain uptake in the rat striatal region (striatum-cerebellum/cerebellum ratio 1.8 at 60 min), where dopamine neurons are concentrated. The specific striatal uptake could be blocked by pretreating rats with a dose of competing dopamine transporter ligand, β-CIT (or RTI-55, i.v., 1 mg/kg). However, the specific striatal uptake of [ 99m Tc[TRODAT-1 was not affected by co-injection of excess free ligand (TRODAT-1, up to 200 μg per rat) or by pretreating the rats with haloperidol (i.v., 1 mg/kg). The specific uptake in striatal regions of rats that had prior 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra area showed a dramatic reduction. The radioactive material recovered from the rat striatal homogenates at 60 min after i.v. injection of [ 99m Tc[TRODAT-1 showed primarily the original compound (>95%), a good indication of in vivo stability in brain tissue. Similar and comparable organ distribution patterns and brain regional uptakes of [ 99m Tc[TRODAT-1 were obtained for male and female rats. (orig./AJ). With 4 figs., 6 tabs

Study of immediate technetium 99m uptake by intracranial meningiomas and meningoblastomas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcin, Gerard.

1976-01-01

The immediate uptake of technetium 99m in 43 meningiomas and meningoblastomas, observed with a scintillation camera, was analysed. The study concerns the first 30 seconds of the scintigraphic examination, a period corresponding to the arrival of the tracer in the carotids and its progress in the brain circulation (arterial time, capillary time and venous time). The principle of the examination and the facilities of use of the tracer employed are described, after which the examination procedure and the normal images obtained are reported. The technique applied to these 43 patients revealed an instant uptake site in 37 cases, i.e. about 65%. Of the 6 remaining cases 2 were meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa, 1 was due to technical mistakes, another corresponded to a cystic meningioma of the convexity and the last two to meningiomas of the small splenoid wing. These results confirm those of other authors. Other immediate uptake centres are provided by angiomas, arteriovenous anevrisms and certain glioblastomas. This sign although very important for the meningioma diagnosis, must be corroborated by results of other examinations. It would be useful to make a kinematic study of instant uptake in order to establish, if possible, the exact time of appearance (arterial, capillary or veinous) of this site in meningiomas and in other tumours where the some clinical sign is observed [fr

Different uptake of 99mTc-ECD adn 99mTc-HMPAO in the same brains: analysis by statistical parametric mapping.

Science.gov (United States)

Hyun, Y; Lee, J S; Rha, J H; Lee, I K; Ha, C K; Lee, D S

2001-02-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer (99mTc-ECD) and technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) uptake in the same brains by means of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis. We examined 20 patients (9 male, 11 female, mean age 62+/-12 years) using 99mTc-ECD and 99mTc-HMPAO single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain less than 7 days after onset of stroke. MRI showed no cortical infarctions. Infarctions in the pons (6 patients) and medulla (1), ischaemic periventricular white matter lesions (13) and lacunar infarction (7) were found on MRI. Split-dose and sequential SPET techniques were used for 99mTc-ECD and 99mTc-HMPAO brain SPET, without repositioning of the patient. All of the SPET images were spatially transformed to standard space, smoothed and globally normalized. The differences between the 99mTc-ECD and 99mTc-HMPAO SPET images were statistically analysed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 96 software. The difference between two groups was considered significant at a threshold of uncorrected P values less than 0.01. Visual analysis showed no hypoperfused areas on either 99mTc-ECD or 99mTc-HMPAO SPET images. SPM analysis revealed significantly different uptake of 99mTc-ECD and 99mTc-HMPAO in the same brains. On the 99mTc-ECD SPET images, relatively higher uptake was observed in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, in the left superior temporal lobe and in the superior region of the cerebellum. On the 99mTc-HMPAO SPET images, relatively higher uptake was observed in the medial temporal lobes, thalami, periventricular white matter and brain stem. These differences in uptake of the two tracers in the same brains on SPM analysis suggest that interpretation of cerebral perfusion is possible using SPET with 99mTc-ECD and 99mTc-HMPAO.

[{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1: a novel technetium-99m complex as a dopamine transporter imaging agent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meiping, Kung [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Stevenson, D A [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Ploessl, K [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Meegalla, S K [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Beckwith, A [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Essman, W D [Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Mu, M [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Lucki, I [Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); [Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); Kung, H F [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States); [Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (United States)

1997-04-01

Technetium-99m is the most commonly used radionuclide in routine nuclear medicine imaging procedures. Development of {sup 99m}Tc-labeled receptor-specific imaging agents for studying the central nervous system is potentially useful for evaluation of brain function in normal and disease states. A novel {sup 99m}Tc-labeled tropane derivative, [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1, which is useful as a potential CNS dopamine transporter imaging agent, was evaluated and characterized. After i.v. injection into rats, [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1 displayed specific brain uptake in the rat striatal region (striatum-cerebellum/cerebellum ratio 1.8 at 60 min), where dopamine neurons are concentrated. The specific striatal uptake could be blocked by pretreating rats with a dose of competing dopamine transporter ligand, {beta}-CIT (or RTI-55, i.v., 1 mg/kg). However, the specific striatal uptake of [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1 was not affected by co-injection of excess free ligand (TRODAT-1, up to 200 {mu}g per rat) or by pretreating the rats with haloperidol (i.v., 1 mg/kg). The specific uptake in striatal regions of rats that had prior 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra area showed a dramatic reduction. The radioactive material recovered from the rat striatal homogenates at 60 min after i.v. injection of [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1 showed primarily the original compound (>95%), a good indication of in vivo stability in brain tissue. Similar and comparable organ distribution patterns and brain regional uptakes of [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1 were obtained for male and female rats. (orig./AJ). With 4 figs., 6 tabs.

Radiation decomposition of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Billinghurst, M.W.; Rempel, S.; Westendorf, B.A.

1979-01-01

Technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals are shown to be subject to autoradiation-induced decomposition, which results in increasing abundance of pertechnetate in the preparation. This autodecomposition is catalyzed by the presence of oxygen, although the removal of oxygen does not prevent its occurrence. The initial appearance of pertechnetate in the radiopharmaceutical is shown to be a function of the amount of radioactivity, the quantity of stannous ion used, and the ratio of /sup 99m/Tc to total technetium in the preparation

Adsorption of technetium-99m tetrofosmin and technetium-99m furifosmin on plastic syringes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bartosch, R.; Granegger, S.; Sinzinger, H.

1998-01-01

Some groups have reported that adsorption of radiopharmaceuticals on disposable plastic syringes can reach levels of almost 50%. This high loss of radioactivity stimulated us to carry out similar studies. Our measurements were done in combination with patient studies. Therefore, we used 2-ml syringes, all of the same brand. The radioactivity in the syringe was measured immediately before and after injection. a total of 500-600 MBq technetium-99m labelled tetrofosmin or technetium-99m furifosmin was administered to 48 patients using four different injection techniques (n = 6 for each technique with each tracer): with needles, 1 min blood incubation at 22 C, 10 or 30 min after preparation of the tracer; with butterflies, 1 min blood incubation at 22 C, 10 or 30 min after preparation of the tracer. Neither in syringes nor in needles or butterflies did more than 7% of the initial radioactivity remain. The entire residual activity in syringe plus needle or syringe plus butterfly together never exceeded the 9% limit. Furthermore, in a pilot study we measured the remaining radioactivity in the vial; here, too, we found no more than 14% of total radioactivity. These findings indicate that total retention of radioactivity during elution and application of 99m Tc-tetrofosmin and 99m Tc-furifosmin with material used in our setting does not approach relevant amounts. (orig.)

Effects of concurrent drug therapy on technetium /sup 99m/Tc gluceptate biodistribution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hinkle, G.H.; Basmadjian, G.P.; Peek, C.; Barker, K.K.; Ice, R.D.

1982-01-01

Drug interactions with /sup 99m/Tc gluceptate resulting in altered biodistribution were studied using chart review and animal tests. Charts of nine patients who had abnormal gallbladder uptake of technetium /sup 99m/Tc gluceptate during a two-year period were reviewed to obtain data such as concurrent drug therapy, primary diagnosis, and laboratory values. Adult New Zealand white rabbits were then used for testing the biodistribution of technetium /sup 99m/Tc gluceptate when administered concurrently with possibly interacting drugs identified in the chart review--penicillamine, penicillin G potassium, penicillin V potassium, acetaminophen, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Chart review revealed no conclusive patterns of altered biodistribution associated with other factors. The data did suggest the possibility that the five drugs listed above might cause increased hepatobiliary clearance of the radiopharmaceutical. Animal tests showed that i.v. penicillamine caused substantial distribution of radioactivity into the gallbladder and small bowel. Minimally increased gallbladder radioactivity occurred when oral acetaminophen and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were administered concurrently. Oral and i.v. penicillins did not increase gallbladder activity. Penicillamine may cause substantial alteration of the biodistribution of technetium /sup 99m/Tc gluceptate

Technetium-99m labeled radiodiagnostic agents and method of preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molinski, V.J.; Wilczewski, J.A.

1977-01-01

A method of preparing improved technetium-99m labeled radiodiagnostic agents by reducing technetium-99m with stannous tartrate is described. Such radiodiagnostic agents are useful in scintigraphic examinations of the bone and lung

Adsorption of technetium-99m tetrofosmin and technetium-99m furifosmin on plastic syringes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bartosch, R.; Granegger, S.; Sinzinger, H. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Vienna (Austria)

1998-09-01

Some groups have reported that adsorption of radiopharmaceuticals on disposable plastic syringes can reach levels of almost 50%. This high loss of radioactivity stimulated us to carry out similar studies. Our measurements were done in combination with patient studies. Therefore, we used 2-ml syringes, all of the same brand. The radioactivity in the syringe was measured immediately before and after injection. a total of 500-600 MBq technetium-99m labelled tetrofosmin or technetium-99m furifosmin was administered to 48 patients using four different injection techniques (n = 6 for each technique with each tracer): with needles, 1 min blood incubation at 22 C, 10 or 30 min after preparation of the tracer; with butterflies, 1 min blood incubation at 22 C, 10 or 30 min after preparation of the tracer. Neither in syringes nor in needles or butterflies did more than 7% of the initial radioactivity remain. The entire residual activity in syringe plus needle or syringe plus butterfly together never exceeded the 9% limit. Furthermore, in a pilot study we measured the remaining radioactivity in the vial; here, too, we found no more than 14% of total radioactivity. These findings indicate that total retention of radioactivity during elution and application of {sup 99m}Tc-tetrofosmin and {sup 99m}Tc-furifosmin with material used in our setting does not approach relevant amounts. (orig.) With 4 figs., 1 tab., 7 refs.

The radiopharmaceuticals labelled with technetium-99m and the radiopharmacy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bodenant, V.

1998-01-01

In less than fifty years, the place of nuclear medicine is become primordial. Among all the radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine, the technetium-99m is the most used because of its physico-chemical properties and its great availability with the molybdenum-99m - technetium-99m generator. Since 1992, the radiopharmaceuticals, the packages, the generators are included in the pharmaceutic monopole. They are now under the reliability of the radio-pharmacist. This thesis has for object to introduce these different radiopharmaceuticals labelled with technetium-99m and to show the primordial place of the radio-pharmacist in a service of nuclear medicine. (N.C.)

Technetium-99m-human fibrinogen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wong, D.W.; Mishkin, F.S.

1975-01-01

Exogenous fibrinogen has been successfully labeled with /sup 99m/Tc using a modified electrolytic method. The exact labeling mechanism has not been determined. Experimental data suggest that the labeling process of /99m/Tc-fibrinogen is quite similar to that of /sup 99m/Tc-human serum albumin as reported earlier by Benjamin. Technetium-99m-fibrinogen is stable in human plasma or in 1 percent buffered human serum albumin. A binding efficiency of 76 percent has been achieved with approximately 25 percent clottable protein. The entire labeling procedure requires less than 1 hr of preparation time. This short labeling time in a closed system may allow development of a practical method for labeling autologous fibrinogen, thus eliminating the risk of hepatitis transmission. (U.S.)

Preclinical evaluation of technetium 99m-labeled P1827DS for infection imaging and comparison with technetium 99m IL-8.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Krause, S.; Rennen, H.J.J.M.; Boerman, O.C.; Baumann, S.; Cyr, J.E.; Manchanda, R.; Lister-James, J.; Corstens, F.H.M.; Dinkelborg, L.M.

2007-01-01

BACKGROUND: The technetium 99 m (99mTc)-radiolabeled, leukocyte-avid peptide-glycoseaminoglycan complex, [99mTc]P1827DS, has been synthesized as an improved infection/inflammation imaging agent to [99mTc]P483H (LeukoTect, Diatide). In a phase I/II clinical trail, [99mTc]P483H images were equivalent

Effect of technetium-99m on iodine-131 thyroid uptake measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wasserman, H.J.; Klopper, J.F.; Erlank, P.

1985-01-01

Following administration of 2.5-5.0 mCi[/sup 99m/Tc]pertechnetate, several hundred microcuries may be present in the necks of hyperthyroid patients after 6 hr. Coincidence summing of Tc-99m photons may disturb I-131 uptake measurements in such patients if an oral diagnostic dose of I-131 is administered immediately after completion of a [/sup 99m/Tc]pertechnetate scintigram. Using a lower discriminator level of 300 keV, false increases of 10%-50% may occur at 6 hr. The 24-hr uptake is also affected if an I-131 predose measurement is performed after administration of the Tc-99m dose. The authors have shown that these errors may be prevented by using a 1-mm lead filter in front of the scintillation detector. The attenuation of Tc-99m photons by the filter effectively eliminates summation pulses while it reduces the I-131 count rate by approximately 28%

Preparation of a generator of technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jimeno de Osso, F.

1981-01-01

Practical description is given of equipment and operations necessary in the preparation of an isotopic generator of technetium-99m. The preparation and application of the active solution and throughly washed of the chromatographic column have been studied in order to allow molibdenum-99 to be adsorbed on a small band, and the solution of tectium-99m to be eluted with high efficiency and purity. The equipment and accesories used are easy and safety to manage, simplifying operations to be carried out with the active product, eliminating the sterile environment in the shielded cell, and facilitating the preparation of the solution of technetium-99m in sterile and pyrogen-free conditions.(author) [es

Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate imaging of experimental infective endocarditis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riba, A.L.; Downs, J.; Thakur, M.L.; Gottschalk, A.; Andriole, V.T.; Zaret, B.L.

1978-01-01

Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate (/sup 99m/Tc-PYP) cardiac scintigraphy was performed in 15 rabbits with experimental Streptococcus sanguis aortic-valve infective endocarditis. The animals were imaged five to seven days after the administration of bacteria, and in each case abnormal accumulation of the tracer was visualized in the region of the aortic valve. Three types of cardiac scintigraphic patterns were demonstrated: focal, multifocal, and extensive, each correlating well with the anatomical extent of the lesion as defined by gross pathology. Tissue distribution studies demonstrated a 30 +- 5.3 (mean +- SEM) fold excess of radionuclide uptake in the infective endocarditis lesion compared with that of normal myocardium. Imaging of excised hearts from four animals showed an excellent correlation with in vivo imaging as well as gross pathology. Five animals with nonbacterial thrombotic aortic valve endocarditis demonstrated similar scintigraphic and tissue distribution results. In contrast, four normal animals failed to demonstrate abnormal /sup 99m/Tc-PYP cardiac scintigrams or tissue uptake. This study demonstrates that /sup 99m/Tc-PYP cardiac scintigraphy is a sensitive technique to detect experimental aortic valve endocarditis

99m Technetium pyrophosphate myocardium scintigraphy. First results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Toussaint, Paul.

1976-01-01

99m technetium pyrophosphate myocardium scintigraphy is a very recent examination technique. This work gives the results obtained on 61 patients. As a vector of the isotope, pyrophosphate has the advantage over polyphosphate of a fast bone uptake there it should be stressed that a 90 minute pause is necessary between the intraveinous injection of the isotope and the photographic recording so that the reading is not troubled by the labelled intracardiac blood pool image, an image quality criterion being the estimation of a good costal fixation which in fact appears sooner or later according to the subject. The role of pyrophosphate, chelator of calcium in fixation of the isotope on the myocardium, could be explained by the fast appearance of 'dense bodies', made up of calcium hydroxyapathice crystals, in the mitochondria of myocardium cells having undergone an irreversible necrotic process. The choice of 99 m technetium is based on its ease of use: 6 hour half-life, high-energy pure gamma emission at 140 keV. The fixed image studied under two incidences, front and left anterior oblique, is obtained from mobile images given by the scintillation camera used in connection with a data processing system. Several facts are underlined, explaining the disadvantages, advantages and indications of the method [fr

Technetium-99m ceftizoxime kit preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diniz, Simone Odilia Fernandes; Siqueira, Cristiano Ferrari; Nelson, David Lee; Cardoso, Valbert Nascimento

2005-01-01

The aim of this work was to prepare a kit of 99 m Tc-ceftizoxime ( 99m Tc-CFT), with stability and biological activity preserved, able to identify a septic focus (E. coli) in the experimental infection model in rats. The preparation of the CFT kit involved the use of lyophilized solutions containing the antibiotic ceftizoxime and the sodium dithionite reducing agent (6.0 mg/m L). After lyophilization, the kit was reconstituted with 1.0 mL of sodium 99m Tc pertechnetate solution (Na 99m Tc O 4- ) with an activity of 370 MBq. The solution was boiled for 10 min and filtered through a cellulose ester filter. The labeling efficiency was on the order of 92%, remaining stable for six hours and the kit remained stable for two months. The biological activity of the 99m Tc-CFT was evaluated by diffusion in agar impregnated with E.coli and S. aureus. Seven Wistar rats, weighing from 200 to 250 g, were used for the development of the septic focus. After 24 hours from the induction of the infectious site (E.coli), the animals were anesthetized and 0.1 mL of 99m Tc-CFT (37 MBq) was injected into the tail veins of the animals. The images were obtained with a gamma camera one, two and six hours after injection and the regions of interest (ROIs) were calculated. The diameters of the inhibition halos for 99 m Tc-CFT were 27.16 ± 0.23 and 27.17 ± 0.20 for S.aureus and E.coli, respectively, while those for the unlabeled CFT were 30.4 ± 0.33 and 29.43 ± 0.26, respectively. The results for the biodistribution of 99m Tc-CFT in infected animals furnished a ratio of 1.97 ± 0.31, 2.10 ± 0.42 and 2.01 ± 0.42 for cpm-target/cpm-no target for the one, two and six-hour periods, respectively. The images showed a clear uptake of labeled antibiotic ( 99m Tc-CFT) by the infectious site during the experiment. The results attest to the viability of producing a kit with 99m technetium-labeled ceftizoxime for the investigation of infectious processes. (author)

Diagnostic usefulness of technetium-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy in cases of soft tissue tumors; In comparison with that of Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kobayashi, Hisataka; Kotoura, Yoshihiko; Hanbara, Harumi; Hosono, Makoto; Yamamuro, Takao; Konishi, Junji (Kyoto Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Medicine)

1994-05-01

Technetium-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy was performed in 76 patients with pathologically confirmed soft tissue diseases. In 56 patients, gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy was performed within two weeks after technetium-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy. Significant uptake of technetium-99m (V) DMSA was found in all cases of sarcoma, metastatic carcinoma, progressive benignancy (extra-abdominal desmoid etc.) and granulomatous lesions, but was not found in cases of benign, solid tumors in the soft tissue (leiomyoma, neurinoma, lipoma etc.). In conclusion, it is not necessary to treat patients with soft tissue tumors in which technetium-99m (V) DMSA did not accumulate. Therefore, it can be stated that technetium-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy is useful for the screening of malignant tumors. (author).

Prediction of remission in Graves` disease treated with long-term carbimazole therapy: evaluation of technetium-99m thyroid uptake and TSH concentrations as prognostic indicators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prakash, R. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Batra Hospital, New Delhi (India)

1996-02-01

Computerized technetium-99m thyroid uptake and thyrotropin (TSH) estimation using a sensitive immunoradiometric assay were performed at presentation and following completion of an 18-month course of antithyroid drug therapy in 45 patients with Graves` disease. All patients had increased {sup 99m}Tc thyroid uptake and subnormal TSH levels before the start of treatment. Twentytwo patients developed recurrent hyperthyroidism in a 3-year follow-up period. Of the 22 patients with relapse, 20 had had a persistently increased {sup 99m}Tc thyroid uptake at the end of the course of carbimazole treatment, whereas TSH had remained subnormal in 18 of the 22. All 23 patients who remained in remission until the end of the 3-year follow-up had had normal {sup 99m}Tc thyroid uptake following completion of antihyroid drug treatment. TSH levels had reverted to normal in 19 cases, but remained subnormal in four cases in this group at the end of treatment. The results suggest a high likelihood of relapse in patients who have persistently increased {sup 99m}Tc thyroid uptake and subnormal TSH after a full course of carbimazole treatment. Patients whose {sup 99m}Tc thyroid uptake and TSH levels have reverted to normal are likely to stay in long-term remission. Assessment of {sup 99m}Tc thyroid uptake and TSH levels following completion of carbimazole therapy for Graves` disease offers useful information regarding long-term prognosis. (orig.)

Labelling of biological structures with technetium 99 m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernardo Filho, M.

1988-01-01

The labelling of red blood cells (RBC) with technetium 99m ( 99m Tc) depends on several factors, as the stannous ion (Sn ++ ) concentration, the time and temperature of incubation, the anticoagulant utilized, the presence of plasma proteins (PP) and others. Although the blinding of 99m Tc with hemoglobin and PP are similar, they appear to have specific characteristics as demonstrated by precipitation with alcohol, acetone, trichloroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid and mercury chloride. The bacterial cultures labeled with Technetium- 99m , at optimal Sn ++ ion concentration, presents a large stability and their viability is not altered by this treatment. The electrophoretic mobility, the hydrophobicity, the cationized ferritin distribution and the adherence to human buccal epithelial cells are not modified either. The possibility of labelling with 99m Tc of planaria and cercariae of Schistossoma mansoni evaluative cycle increases the utilization of this radionuclide to an experimental level. The results described with the labelling of these biological structures with 99m Tc demonstrated that stable labeled and viable operations are obtained. (author)

Different uptake of {sup 99m}Tc-ECD and {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO in the same brains: analysis by statistical parametric mapping

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hyun, I.Y. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon (Korea); Lee, J.S.; Lee, D.S. [Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea); Rha, J.H.; Lee, I.K.; Ha, C.K. [Dept. of Neurology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon (Korea)

2001-02-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer ({sup 99m}Tc-ECD) and technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime ({sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO) uptake in the same brains by means of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis. We examined 20 patients (9 male, 11 female, mean age 62{+-}12 years) using {sup 99m}Tc-ECD and {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain less than 7 days after onset of stroke. MRI showed no cortical infarctions. Infarctions in the pons (6 patients) and medulla (1), ischaemic periventricular white matter lesions (13) and lacunar infarction (7) were found on MRI. Split-dose and sequential SPET techniques were used for {sup 99m}Tc-ECD and {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO brain SPET, without repositioning of the patient. All of the SPET images were spatially transformed to standard space, smoothed and globally normalized. The differences between the {sup 99m}Tc-ECD and {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO SPET images were statistically analysed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 96 software. The difference between two groups was considered significant at a threshold of uncorrected P values less than 0.01. Visual analysis showed no hypoperfused areas on either {sup 99m}Tc-ECD or {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO SPET images. SPM analysis revealed significantly different uptake of {sup 99m}Tc-ECD and {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO in the same brains. On the {sup 99m}Tc-ECD SPET images, relatively higher uptake was observed in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, in the left superior temporal lobe and in the superior region of the cerebellum. On the {sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO SPET images, relatively higher uptake was observed in the medial temporal lobes, thalami, periventricular white matter and brain stem. These differences in uptake of the two tracers in the same brains on SPM analysis suggest that interpretation of cerebral perfusion is possible using SPET with {sup 99m}Tc-ECD and

Technetium-99m sestamibi uptake in human breast carcinoma cell lines displaying glutathione-associated drug-resistance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kabasakal, L.; Oezker, K.; Hayward, M.; Akansel, G.; Griffith, O.; Isitman, A.T.; Hellman, R.; Collier, D.

1996-01-01

An in vitro study was designed to evaluate the uptake of sestamibi (MIBI) in P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and glutathione-associated (GSH) multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell lines. MIBI uptake was studied in various human breast carcinoma cell lines, i.e. in wild-type (MCF7/wt) cells, in adriamycin-resistant (MCF7/adr) cells which express Pgp and in melphalan-resistant (MCF7/mph) cells with increased levels of GSH. The effects of buthiomine sulphoximine (BSO) and verapamil on MIBI uptake were also studied in the MCF7/mph and MCF7/adr cells respectively. The cells were incubated for 1 h with a dose of 0.1 MBq thallium-201 and technetium-99m MIBI. Both BIBI and 201 Tl uptakes were higher for MCF7/mph cells than for the other cells studied. The mean MIBI uptake in MCF7/adr cells was significantly lower than that in MCF7/wt cells (1.9%±0.5% vs 3.1%.0.6%; P 0.1). This study suggests that the uptake of MIBI is not diminished by glutathione-associated drug resistance and that MIBI uptake in a tumour sample does not necessarly indicate that a cancer is sensitive to drugs. (orig.)

Prediction of chemotherapy response in untreated malignant lymphomas using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile scan. Comparison with P-glycoprotein expression and other prognostic factors. A preliminary report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liang, Ji-An; Yang, Shih-Neng; Lin, Fang-Jen; Kao, Albert; Lee, Cheng-Chun; Shiau, Yu-Chien

2002-01-01

The purpose of this study was to predict chemotherapy response in untreated malignant lymphomas using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) scan. Twenty-five patients with malignant lymphoma were studied before receiving chemotherapy. Early Tc-MIBI scan was performed 10 min after intravenous injection of Tc-MIBI. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on multiple non-consecutive sections of the biopsy specimens to determine Pgp expression. Chemotherapy response was evaluated in the first 1-2 years after completion of treatment by clinical and radiological methods. The mean tumor-to-background ratio of the 15 patients with good response (3.3±0.6) was significantly higher than that of the 10 patients with poor response (1.2±0.1). Among the 15 patients with good response to chemotherapy, all had positive Tc-MIBI scan results but negative Pgp expression. Among the 10 patients who had poor response to chemotherapy, all 10 had negative Tc-MIBI scan, but six patients had positive Pgp expression and four had negative Pgp expression. Significant differences were found in the incidences of good and poor responses determined by Tc-MIBI scan and Pgp expression. However, there were no significant differences in the incidences of good and poor responses for other prognostic factors. Compared with other prognostic factors, early Tc-MIBI scan more accurately predicts chemotherapy response in patients with malignant lymphoma. (author)

Under used technetium-99m generators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mushtaq, A.

2001-01-01

Health care reform truly has become a global issue and it will undoubtedly have a dramatic impact on the future of nuclear medicine business in particular. A bigger concern within the nuclear medicine community is its competitiveness with other modalities and cost effectiveness.Technetium-99m and its generators are playing key role for the majority of diagnostic scans performed in the world today. Availability of ''9''9''mTc can be increased if it is separated from ''9''9Mo after much shorter growth times. After proper planning with the extra ''9''9''mTc, a significant number of scans can be performed or we would be able to order approximately 30% low activity ''9''9Tc generators to fulfill our requirements

Effect of ischemia and postischemic dysfunction on myocardial uptake of technetium-99m-labeled methoxyisobutyl isonitrile and thallium-201

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sinusas, A.J.; Watson, D.D.; Cannon, J.M. Jr.; Beller, G.A.

1989-01-01

The myocardial uptake of a new technetium-99m-labeled myocardial perfusion agent, methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI), and thallium-201 was correlated with microsphere flow in an open chest canine model of low coronary flow and postischemic dysfunction. Eighteen dogs were given an injection of thallium-201 (0.5 mCi) and Tc-99m MIBI (5 mCi) either after 40 min of partial left anterior descending artery occlusion (Group I, 10 dogs) or during reperfusion after 15 min of left anterior descending artery occlusion (Group II, 8 dogs). Regional dysfunction was documented during injection in both groups by quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography. Regional blood flow was assessed by radiolabeled microspheres. The heart was excised 15 min after radionuclide injection and the left ventricle divided into 96 segments for gamma well counting. Among Group I dogs, central ischemic thallium-201 and Tc-99m MIBI activity (expressed as a percent of the activity in the corresponding nonischemic zone) was comparable, respectively, for endocardial (54 +/- 17% and 52 +/- 17%), mid-wall (71 +/- 20% and 69 +/- 17%) and epicardial (89 +/- 13% and 94 +/- 9%) segments and increased proportionally with flow. There was a good linear correlation among these endocardial segments between flow and both thallium-201 (r = 0.78) and Tc-99m MIBI (r = 0.85) activity. Among Group II dogs, central ischemic endocardial flow (59 +/- 14%) was comparable to thallium-201 (70 +/- 18%) and Tc-99m MIBI (74 +/- 12%) activity. Similarly, relative endocardial flow in the intermediate ischemic region (71 +/- 11%) was comparable to thallium-201 (77 +/- 11%) and Tc-99m MIBI (81 +/- 10%) activity. Thus, myocardial uptake of Tc-99m MIBI and thallium-201 is comparable under conditions of low coronary flow and postischemic dysfunction and closely parallels flow alterations

Technetium-99m ceftizoxime kit preparation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Diniz, Simone Odilia Fernandes; Siqueira, Cristiano Ferrari; Nelson, David Lee; Cardoso, Valbert Nascimento [Minas Gerais Univ. Federal, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Faculdade de Farmacia]. E-mail: simone@farmacia.ufmg.br; Martin-Comin, Josep [Bellvitge Univ., Barcelona (Spain)

2005-10-15

The aim of this work was to prepare a kit of {sup 99}m Tc-ceftizoxime ({sup 99m} Tc-CFT), with stability and biological activity preserved, able to identify a septic focus (E. coli) in the experimental infection model in rats. The preparation of the CFT kit involved the use of lyophilized solutions containing the antibiotic ceftizoxime and the sodium dithionite reducing agent (6.0 mg/m L). After lyophilization, the kit was reconstituted with 1.0 mL of sodium {sup 99m} Tc pertechnetate solution (Na {sup 99m} Tc O{sub 4-}) with an activity of 370 MBq. The solution was boiled for 10 min and filtered through a cellulose ester filter. The labeling efficiency was on the order of 92%, remaining stable for six hours and the kit remained stable for two months. The biological activity of the {sup 99m} Tc-CFT was evaluated by diffusion in agar impregnated with E.coli and S. aureus. Seven Wistar rats, weighing from 200 to 250 g, were used for the development of the septic focus. After 24 hours from the induction of the infectious site (E.coli), the animals were anesthetized and 0.1 mL of {sup 99m} Tc-CFT (37 MBq) was injected into the tail veins of the animals. The images were obtained with a gamma camera one, two and six hours after injection and the regions of interest (ROIs) were calculated. The diameters of the inhibition halos for {sup 99}m Tc-CFT were 27.16 {+-} 0.23 and 27.17 {+-} 0.20 for S.aureus and E.coli, respectively, while those for the unlabeled CFT were 30.4 {+-} 0.33 and 29.43 {+-} 0.26, respectively. The results for the biodistribution of {sup 99m} Tc-CFT in infected animals furnished a ratio of 1.97 {+-} 0.31, 2.10 {+-} 0.42 and 2.01 {+-} 0.42 for cpm-target/cpm-no target for the one, two and six-hour periods, respectively. The images showed a clear uptake of labeled antibiotic ({sup 99m} Tc-CFT) by the infectious site during the experiment. The results attest to the viability of producing a kit with {sup 99m} technetium-labeled ceftizoxime for the

The quality control of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals produced at the AAEC Research Establishment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farrington, K.J.

1983-08-01

The methods of quality control used for technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals produced at the AAEC Research Establishment are described for both non-fission and fission derived sources of sodium pertechnetate, technetium-99m labelled radipopharmaceuticals, and reagent kits produced for technetium-99m labelling

Technetium-99m Sestamibi in Multiple Myeloma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saber, R.A.

2002-01-01

Technetium-99m 2-methoxy - isobutyl - isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) has been reported to be useful in evaluating patients with multiple myeloma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of technetium-99m sestamibi (99mTc-MIBI) scintigraphy in the diagnosis. staging and follow-up of patients with multiple myeloma. Methods and Materials: twenty-five consecutive patients with multiple myeloma were studied using 99mTc- MIBI. Of the 25 patients included in this study, 6 were in stage I, II in stage II and 8 in stage III. Anterior and posterior whole-body imaging were obtained 20 min after I.V. injection of 740 MBq of 99mTc-MIBI. Four different MIBI patterns could be described in our patients: physiological (P), diffuse (D), focal (F) and combined diffuse and focal (D+F). All patients in stages II and III as well as 3 patients in stage I were treated with chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide and prednisone) then 99mTc-MlBI scans were repeated after 6 courses. Results: in comparison to conventional X-ray skeletal survey, 99mTc-MIBI scans showed a higher number of myeloma bone disease at diagnosis. All patients with stage II and III multiple myeloma were positive with 99mTc-MlBl scans at diagnosis. The pattern of positive MIBI accumulation was diffuse in 13 (52%) patients, focal in 4 (16%) and combined focal and diffuse in 6 (24%) patients. The intensity of 99mTc-MIBI correlated with disease activity as determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), number of plasma cells in bone marrow and serum electrophoresis. There was a direct correlation between 99mTc-MIBI scan result and clinical outcome of patients following 6 courses of chemotherapy. Sensitivity and specificity of 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy in detecting myeloma bone lesions were 92% and 90% respectively. Conclusion: 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy is a reliable method to evaluate bone marrow activity in patients with multiple myeloma and follow-up of myeloma bone lesions

Age-related changes in the global skeletal uptake of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate in healthy women

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carnevale, V.; Frusciante, V.; Scillitani, A.; Modoni, S.; Pileri, M.; Chiodini, I.; Dicembrino, F.; Romagnoli, E.; Minisola, S.

1996-01-01

A short-term evaluation of global skeletal uptake (GSU) of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) was performed in 40 healthy female subjects with a wide age range in order to investigate the clinical performance of the technique and to detect the age-related changes in bone turnover. The results obtained were compared with measurements of the main biochemical markers of skeletal metabolism. We found that GSU increases progressively with age, independently of concomitant changes in renal function; significant correlations with biochemical markers of bone formation were also found. Therefore, the method appears to provide useful information concerning the bone turnover rate, and is also applicable to elderly people owing to its simplicity. (orig.). With 4 figs., 2 tabs

Environmental behavior of technetium-99

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Turcotte, M.D.S.

1982-12-01

This report presents a review of the literature on technetium-99. The chemical and physical properties of some technetium compounds are considered, and a discussion of possible source terms is included. Literature on the environmental behavior of technetium is presented, including its behavior in the bodies of animals and humans. The primary sources of Tc-99 in the environment are fallout from atomic detonations and releases from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. The environmental behavior of technetium-99 has been studied predominantly with respect to movement in soil and accumulation in plants. There is a surprising scarcity of data on behavior of Tc-99 in the atmosphere and in aquatic systems. Additional work needs to be conducted in these two areas to determine behavior and to acquire baseline concentration data. Much of the soil work has produced contradictory results. In-depth studies of holdup mechanisms for Tc-99 in both geological repositories and soil need to be conducted. Since plants represent a potential bioaccumulation of Tc-99, plant uptake studies of Tc-99 under field conditions also need to be done

[Regional blood flow and bone uptake of methylene-diphosphonate-technetium-99m].

Science.gov (United States)

Vattimo, A; Martini, G; Pisani, M

1983-05-30

Sudeck's atrophy of the foot is an acute, patchy osteoporosis that, on bone scan, shows an increase in both bone blood flow and local bone uptake of bone-seeking radionuclides. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between bone uptake of 99mTc-MDP and local bone blood flow. In some patients with Sudeck's atrophy of one foot we measured local bone blood flow and bone uptake of 99mTc-MDP. External counting of radioactivity, with a count-rate of 1 second was performed for 60 minutes after i.v. injection of a known dose of 99mTc-MDP in some patients with Sudeck's atrophy of the foot. The regions of interest (ROI) were selected on the basis of a bone scan performed 24 hours earlier. We assumed that the data recorded during the first seconds (7-10) reflect local blood flow and the data at 60 minutes reflect the bone uptake. The ratio between the local blood flow in the involved and healthy foot was higher than the local bone uptake ratio. The ratio between bone uptake and local bone blood flow was higher in the normal foot than in the affected one. These results suggest that the bone avidity for bone-seeking radionuclides is lower in Sudeck's atrophy than in normal bone.

Reduction of the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake on technetium-99m myocardial SPECT. Usefulness and problems of a mask processing method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takaki, Akihiro; Okada, Kazuhiro; Urata, Johji; Matsuda, Hirofumi; Takao, Yuji [Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital (Japan)

1999-07-01

The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of a mask processing method for obtaining the true myocardial tracer distribution by eliminating the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake on myocardial SPECT images by using technetium-99m ({sup 99m}Tc) blood flow agents. A SPECT imaging was performed with a two-head SPECT system (GCA-7200A/DI) in both phantom and clinical studies. The mask processing method was applied to the reconstructed and projection images. The phantom consisted of heart, lung, liver and spine. A defect was located in the inferior wall of the left ventricle and other parts of the heart and liver were filled with {sup 99m}Tc solution. For clinical study 10 patients with difficulty in the interpretation of the inferior wall were selected for the evaluation of usefulness of the mask method. In the phantom study, the mask processing method applied to the reconstructed images was able to remove the overlapped liver from the heart, but was not able to remove the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake. Nevertheless, the mask processing method applied to the projection images successfully eliminated not only the overlapped liver but also the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake. In the clinical study, the liver uptake could be removed from the uptake in the inferior wall in 8 of 10 patients with the mask processing methods. In 2 patients, the overlapped liver uptake could not be eliminated from the uptake in the inferior wall because the distance between the liver and heart was too short. The mask processing method applied to the projection images was thought to be superior to that applied to the reconstruction images in both phantom and clinical studies. The mask processing method, especially applied to the projection images, seems to be useful for the elimination of the liver uptake from the inferior wall of the myocardium on myocardial SPECT images using {sup 99m}Tc blood flow agents. (author)

Reduction of the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake on technetium-99m myocardial SPECT. Usefulness and problems of a mask processing method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takaki, Akihiro; Okada, Kazuhiro; Urata, Johji; Matsuda, Hirofumi; Takao, Yuji

1999-01-01

The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of a mask processing method for obtaining the true myocardial tracer distribution by eliminating the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake on myocardial SPECT images by using technetium-99m ( 99m Tc) blood flow agents. A SPECT imaging was performed with a two-head SPECT system (GCA-7200A/DI) in both phantom and clinical studies. The mask processing method was applied to the reconstructed and projection images. The phantom consisted of heart, lung, liver and spine. A defect was located in the inferior wall of the left ventricle and other parts of the heart and liver were filled with 99m Tc solution. For clinical study 10 patients with difficulty in the interpretation of the inferior wall were selected for the evaluation of usefulness of the mask method. In the phantom study, the mask processing method applied to the reconstructed images was able to remove the overlapped liver from the heart, but was not able to remove the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake. Nevertheless, the mask processing method applied to the projection images successfully eliminated not only the overlapped liver but also the influence of the liver uptake to the myocardial uptake. In the clinical study, the liver uptake could be removed from the uptake in the inferior wall in 8 of 10 patients with the mask processing methods. In 2 patients, the overlapped liver uptake could not be eliminated from the uptake in the inferior wall because the distance between the liver and heart was too short. The mask processing method applied to the projection images was thought to be superior to that applied to the reconstruction images in both phantom and clinical studies. The mask processing method, especially applied to the projection images, seems to be useful for the elimination of the liver uptake from the inferior wall of the myocardium on myocardial SPECT images using 99m Tc blood flow agents. (author)

Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate scintimammography for evaluation of palpable breast masses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shah, S.; Khan, M.M.; Khan, A.U.; Khan, S.M.; Khan, A.A.

2002-01-01

Objective:To evaluate technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (/sup 99m/Tc-MDP) as a noninvasive tumor-localizing agent in patients with palpable breast masses and to differentiate malignant from benign breast lesions. Design: It was an observational and experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: the study was conducted at the Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM), Peshawar during a six-month period (June to November, 1995). Subjects and Methods: 99m Tc-MDP scintimammography (SMM) was performed in thirty patients with palpable breast masses (Group A). Ten patients with no palpable breast abnormality (Group B) also underwent /sup 99m/Tc-MDP breast study; they served as controls. Upright anterior, lateral and oblique lateral images of the breasts were acquired 10-30 minutes after intravenous injection of 740 MBq of /sup 99m/Tc-MDP. This was performed during routine bone scanning. SMM was followed by surgical and /or needle biopsy. Results: breast cancer was histologically diagnosed in twenty two (73%), and benign disease found in eight patients (27%). Of the twenty two breast carcinomas, twenty (91%) were detected using /sup 99m/Tc-MDP SMM, while no uptake was seen in two (9%). Of the eight patients with pathologically proven benign breast lesions, seven (88%) either did not show any uptake or showed faint bilateral accumulation. Focal /sup 99m/Tc-MDP uptake was observed in one fibroadenoma. Conclusion: The study showed that SMM with /sup 99m/Tc-MDP is positive in a high percentage of patients with carcinoma of the breast and may differentiate malignant from benign masses. (author)

Can tumor uptake Tc-99m MDP ?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yand Shun, Fang; Yao, Ming; Zeng, Jun; Shi Zhen, Yu; Zhao Lan, Xiang; Dong Qiang, Gang

2003-01-01

To explore the mechanism of technetium-99m-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) uptake within tumor through analyze a distribution of Tc-99m MDP in mice bearing tumor cell lines. Methods: The uptake of Tc-99m MDP was analyzed in seven human tumor cell lines ( SPC-A1 adenocarcinoma of lung cancer, Bcap-37 Breast cancer, T-24 Bladder cancer, SKOV3 Ovary carcinoma, Hela-229 Cervical carcinoma, SCI-OS Osteosarcoma, SCI-375 Melanoma) and mouse Lewis lung cancer cell line. They were transplanted into athymic mice, SCID nude mice and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. Approximately 10(6) cells of each cell line were injected subcutaneously into a right chest of mouse. After 4 and 5 weeks, the Tc-99m MDP scintigraphy were determined 6 hours after tail vein injection of 74MBq in 0.05ml every mouse. Result: Biodistribution and tumor uptake MDP was different in the various cell types investigated. According to the Region Ratio program of Siemens Power Macintosh 9500 Computer System, region of interests (RIOs) placed on a small part of the tumor and horizontal copied to left background (T/B) and thoracic spine (T/N) of mice in Tc-99m MDP imaging. The average cpm/pixel ratios were calculated by standardized uptake measure (SUM) and determined the tumor-positive value (T/B) greater than or equal to 1.2. T/B of cell lines were sorted from higher to lower as follows: SCI-OS, Lewis, SKOV3, SCI-375, T-24, SPC-A1, Bcap-37, Hela-229. T/N: SCI-OS, SKOV3, T-24, SCI-375, Lewis, SPC-A1, Bcap-37, Hela-229. The biodistribution data of 99Tcm-MDP in SPC-A1 tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice were given as ID/g and represent the means D (n=13) in 30 hours after injection of Tc-99m MDP. ID/g of major tissue were sorted from higher to lower as follows: thoracic spine, lumbar, ribs, kidneys, the center of tumor, the ulcer of tumor, the surrounding of tumor, lymph node, blood, lungs, heart, liver. Conclusions: Most of tumor can uptake Tc-99m MDP including human adenocarcinoma. The uptake rate in the center tissue of

Technetium-99m sestamibi: an indicator of breast cancer invasiveness

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Scopinaro, F. (Section of Nuclear Medicine, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Schillaci, O. (Section of Nuclear Medicine, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Scarpini, M. (1st Inst. of Surgery, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Mingazzini, P.L. (1st Inst. of Surgery, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Di Macio, L. (Section of Nuclear Medicine, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Banci, M. (Section of Nuclear Medicine, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Danieli, R. (Section of Nuclear Medicine, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Zerilli, M. (1st Inst. of Surgery, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Limiti, M.R. (1st Inst. of Surgery, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy)); Centi Colella, A. (Section of Nuclear Medicine, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Univ. ' La Sapienza' , Rome (Italy))

1994-09-01

As recently shown, angiogenesis is the most reliable marker of breast cancer invasiveness. Unfortunately it must be assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue specimens. We have used technetium-99m sestamibi, a marker of regional blood flow in other organs that often but not always images breast cancer, to assess the invasiveness of this tumour. Nineteen patients, ten with nodal metastases and nine without any metastases, were studied with [sup 99m]Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy before operation. Angiogenesis was quantitatively assessed by immunohistochemical staining of endothelia for factor VIII. All the node-positive (N+) patients at surgical revesion showed a positive [sup 99m]Tc-sestamibi scan of the primary tumour and all the N-patients were negative. Nine out of ten N+ and sestamibi-positive tumours showed more than 135 microvessels/mm[sup 2] and one showed 99 microvessels/mm[sup 2]; by contrast there were 71.6[+-]12.1 microvessels/mm[sup 2] in the nine N- and sestamibi-negative tumours. Our study suggests that [sup 99m]Tc-sestamibi is a marker of breast cancer invasiveness: its uptake is related to angiogenesis and, possibly, to oxidative metabolism of the tumour. (orig.)

Radionuclide Basics: Technetium-99

Science.gov (United States)

Technetium-99 (chemical symbol Tc-99) is a silver-gray, radioactive metal. It occurs naturally in very small amounts in the earth's crust, but is primarily man-made. Technetium-99m is a short-lived form of Tc-99 that is used as a medical diagnostic tool.

Technetium-99m labeled antisense probes uptake in vascular smooth muscle cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Y.X.; Qin, G.M.; An, R.; Cao, G.X.; Cao, W.; Gao, Z.R.

2002-01-01

In the arterial wall, smooth muscle cells (SMC) normally exist in a quiescent, differentiated state, representing the contractile phenotype. During the development of atherosclerosis SMC change towards the synthetic phenotype going along with proliferation, chemotactic response and increased monocyte binding. The Fas/Fas ligand/caspase death-signaling pathway, Bcl-2 protein family/mitochondria, the tumor suppressive gene p53, and the proto-oncogene c-myc may be activated in atherosclerotic lesions, and mediates vascular apoptosis during the development of atherosclerosis. The atherosclerotic plaques contained 3-4 fold more c-myc mRNA than those in the normal aortic arteries, while increased Bax and Bak coupled with lack/paucity of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL are associated with SMC apoptosis in advanced lesions. Methods: 1 Oligonucleotide Conjugation: A solution of single stranded amine-derivatized DNA (100-1000μg) was prepared at a concentration of 2 mg/ml in 0.25M sodium bicarbonate, 1 M sodium chloride, 1mM EDTA, pH8.5. Cell uptake studies: 99m Tc- MAG 3 -DNA radioactivity incorporation into porcine coronary smooth muscle cells in the log and plateau phases, respectively, was determined after different times of incubation at 37. The influence of extracellular 99m Tc- MAG 3 -DNA concentration on SMC uptake was also analyzed. [Results] Essentially complete conjugation was achieved by reverse-phase Sep-Pak C18 chromatography analysis. The MAG 3 -DNA was labeled with 99m Tc at room temperature and neutral pH, with a mean labeling efficiency of 80.11%(s.d=2.96%,n=4). The labeled antisense DNA still remained the ability to hybridize with its complementary DNA. After labeling, the stability of the DNA in saline or serum was retained as determined by reverse-phase Sep-Pak C18 chromatography analysis, except a shift at 30 min in serum incubation that suggesting a short time serum protein binding. 99m Tc-MAG 3 -c-myc uptake plateaued at 60 min and was directly proportional to the

Localizing diagnosis of hyperfunctional parathyroid glands using 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katagiri, Makoto; Yokobayashi, Tsuneo; Fukunaga, Masao; Harada, Tanekazu.

1995-01-01

In this study, we investigated the detectability of hyperfunctional parathyroid gland(s) by subtraction scintigraphy using 99m Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile and 99m Tc-pertechnetate (MIBI-Tc), and compared the findings with those obtained by conventional subtraction scintigraphy using 201 Tl-Cl and 99m Tc-pertechnetate (Tl-Tc), ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT). The subjects were 6 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) with a single adenoma and 13 with renal hyperparathyroidism (RHP) with hyperplasia receiving chronic maintenance hemodialysis. All of the patients underwent surgery, and the number and location of the abnormal parathyroid glands were confirmed. The numbers of resected parathyroid glands were 6 in the PHP group and 52 in the RHP group. In the PHP group, the detectability of hyperfunctional parathyroid glands with MIBI-Tc, Tl-Tc, US and CT was 83.3%, 100%, 83.3% and 83.3%, respectively. In the RHP group, on the other hand, these values were lower than those in the PHP group: 51.9%, 44.2%, 57.7% and 56.3%, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed among the diagnostic tools in either group. As 99m Tc-MIBI has many physiological advantages over 201 Tl-Cl as a radiotracer, this radionuclide is expected to become useful for the detection of hyperfunctional parathyroid glands. (author)

Diffuse Myocardial Uptake of 99mTc-HDP in Multiple Myeloma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Demirel, Koray; Sadic, Murat; Korkmaz, Meliha; Comak, Aylin; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Koca, Goekhan

2013-01-01

Soft tissue uptake is a rare finding in bone scintigraphy, with an incidence of 2%. Although the mechanism has not yet been fully clarified, several causes have been reported for this unusual uptake pattern. This paper presents a case of diffuse myocardial accumulation of technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate ( 99m Tc-HDP) without either solid/visceral organ or soft tissue with multiple myeloma (MM) in skeletal scintigraphy. A 93-year-old man with hypertension and chronic heart failure for 14 years underwent bone scanning due to a 2-month history of back pain within a 1-year period of MM. Three hours later, 99m Tc-HDP late static images showed diffuse myocardial radiotracer accumulation and there were no other sites of abnormal soft tissue or visceral uptake. Myocardial accumulation had disappeared on 24-h delayed static images. This accumulation was thought to be related with AL-type amyloidosis associated with MM

Technetium-99m scintigraphy associated with spondylolysis of the lumbar spine in children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kubota, Wataru; Sudo, Nariomi; Nakazima, Kiyonori; Nakamura, Mitsutaka

1987-01-01

Eight children with spondylolysis, aged from 10 to 18 years of age, underwent bone scanning with technetium-99m methylene diphosphonic acid. Radioisotope (RI) uptake was significantly observed in the site marked by the separation of the pars interarticularis, compared with the other sites between the articular processes. This showed the increase in metabolic activity of bones, providing supplementary information in the initial diagnosis. At the completion of conservative treatment, RI uptake decreased, being seemingly attributable to the improvement of subjective symptoms. Bone scanning may, however, be unhelpful in detecting synostosis. (Namekawa, K.)

Technetium-99m scintigraphy associated with spondylolysis of the lumbar spine in children

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kubota, W.; Sudo, N.; Nakazima, K.; Nakamura, M.

1987-02-01

Eight children with spondylolysis, aged from 10 to 18 years of age, underwent bone scanning with technetium-99m methylene diphosphonic acid. Radioisotope (RI) uptake was significantly observed in the site marked by the separation of the pars interarticularis, compared with the other sites between the articular processes. This showed the increase in metabolic activity of bones, providing supplementary information in the initial diagnosis. At the completion of conservative treatment, RI uptake decreased, being seemingly attributable to the improvement of subjective symptoms. Bone scanning may, however, be unhelpful in detecting synostosis.

Technetium-99m-labeled annexin V imaging for detecting prosthetic joint infection in a rabbit model.

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Cheng; Wang, Feng; Hou, Yanjie; Lu, Shanshan; Tian, Wei; Xu, Yan; Jin, Chengzhe; Wang, Liming

2015-05-01

Accurate and timely diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection is essential to initiate early treatment and achieve a favorable outcome. In this study, we used a rabbit model to assess the feasibility of technetium-99m-labeled annexin V for detecting prosthetic joint infection. Right knee arthroplasty was performed on 24 New Zealand rabbits. After surgery, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was intra-articularly injected to create a model of prosthetic joint infection (the infected group, n = 12). Rabbits in the control group were injected with sterile saline (n = 12). Seven and 21 days after surgery, technetium-99m-labeled annexin V imaging was performed in 6 rabbits of each group. Images were acquired 1 and 4 hours after injection of technetium-99m-labeled annexin V (150 MBq). The operated-to-normal-knee activity ratios were calculated for quantitative analysis. Seven days after surgery, increased technetium-99m-labeled annexin V uptake was observed in all cases. However, at 21 days a notable decrease was found in the control group, but not in the infected group. The operated-to-normal-knee activity ratios of the infected group were 1.84 ± 0.29 in the early phase and 2.19 ± 0.34 in the delay phase, both of which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02). The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that the operated-to-normal-knee activity ratios of the delay phase at 21 days was the best indicator, with an accuracy of 80%. In conclusion, technetium-99m-labeled annexin V imaging could effectively distinguish an infected prosthetic joint from an uninfected prosthetic joint in a rabbit model.

Synthesis, characterization and biodistribution of technetium complexes (99Tc/99mTc) with 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-hexose oximes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steinmetz, H.J.

1993-05-01

In the present work, the synthesis and isolation of isomeric complexes of technetium ( 99 Tc/ 99m Tc) with the 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-hexoses D-glucose aminoxime, D-galactose aminoxime and D-mannose aminoxime, the characterization of the complexes as 99 Tc compounds, and bio-distribution studies on the analogous 99m Tc complexes have been untertaken. As a first step, the free ligands were synthesized and identified using elemental analysis, infra-red and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and FAB mass spectroscopy. In the bio-distribution studies on the 99m Tc complexes of D-glucose aminoxime and of D-galactose aminoxime in NMRI mice, significant short-term accumulation of 99m Tc activity in heart muscle could be detected, which may be attributed to a biochemical transport mechanism. Uptake in the lungs and the liver was found, but a more significant uptake was observed in the kidneys, where the complexes were rapidly secreted in proportion to their concentration in the blood plasma. (orig./BBR) [de

Pretreatment evaluation of carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, 123I-α-methyl-L-tyrosine and 99mTc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henze, Marcus; Eisenhut, Michael; Haberkorn, Uwe; Mohammed, Ashour; Mier, Walter; Rudat, Volker; Dietz, Andreas; Nollert, Joerg

2002-01-01

While fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is helpful in the pretherapeutic evaluation of head and neck cancer, it is only available in selected centres. Therefore, single-photon emission tomography (SPET) tracers would be desirable if they were to demonstrate tumour uptake reliably. This multitracer study was performed to evaluate the pretherapeutic uptake of the SPET tracers iodine-123 α-methyl-L-tyrosine (IMT) and technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) in primary carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx and to compare the results with those of FDG PET. We examined 22 fasted patients (20 male, 2 female, mean age 60.5±10.2 years) with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the hypopharynx (n=9) or larynx (n=13), within 1 week before therapy. In 20 patients a cervical PET scan was acquired after intravenous injection of 232±43 MBq 18 F-FDG. Data analysis was semiquantitative, being based on standardised uptake values (SUVs) obtained at 60-90 min after injection. After injection of 570±44 MBq 99m Tc-MIBI, cervical SPET scans (high-resolution collimator, 64 x 64 matrix, 64 steps, 40 s each) were obtained in 19 patients, 15 and 60 min after tracer injection. Finally, 15 min after injection of 327±93 MBq 123 I-IMT (medium-energy collimator, 64 x 64 matrix, 64 steps, 40 s each) SPET scans were acquired in 15 patients. All images were analysed visually and by calculating the tumour to nuchal muscle ratio. Eighteen of 20 (90%) carcinomas showed an increased glucose metabolism, with a mean SUV of 8.7 and a mean carcinoma to muscle ratio of 7.3. The IMT uptake was increased in 13 of 15 (87%) patients, who had a mean carcinoma to muscle ratio of 2.9. Only 13 of 19 (68%) carcinomas revealed pathological MIBI uptake, with a mean tumour to muscle ratio of 2.2 and no significant difference between early and late MIBI SPET images (P=0.23). In conclusion, in the diagnosis of primary carcinomas of the

Pretreatment evaluation of carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, 123I-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine and 99mTc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile.

Science.gov (United States)

Henze, Marcus; Mohammed, Ashour; Mier, Walter; Rudat, Volker; Dietz, Andreas; Nollert, Jörg; Eisenhut, Michael; Haberkorn, Uwe

2002-03-01

While fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is helpful in the pretherapeutic evaluation of head and neck cancer, it is only available in selected centres. Therefore, single-photon emission tomography (SPET) tracers would be desirable if they were to demonstrate tumour uptake reliably. This multitracer study was performed to evaluate the pretherapeutic uptake of the SPET tracers iodine-123 alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine (IMT) and technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) in primary carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx and to compare the results with those of FDG PET. We examined 22 fasted patients (20 male, 2 female, mean age 60.5+/-10.2 years) with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the hypopharynx (n=9) or larynx (n=13), within 1 week before therapy. In 20 patients a cervical PET scan was acquired after intravenous injection of 232+/-43 MBq 18F-FDG. Data analysis was semiquantitative, being based on standardised uptake values (SUVs) obtained at 60-90 min after injection. After injection of 570+/-44 MBq 99mTc-MIBI, cervical SPET scans (high-resolution collimator, 64x64 matrix, 64 steps, 40 s each) were obtained in 19 patients, 15 and 60 min after tracer injection. Finally, 15 min after injection of 327+/-93 MBq 123I-IMT (medium-energy collimator, 64x64 matrix, 64 steps, 40 s each) SPET scans were acquired in 15 patients. All images were analysed visually and by calculating the tumour to nuchal muscle ratio. Eighteen of 20 (90%) carcinomas showed an increased glucose metabolism, with a mean SUV of 8.7 and a mean carcinoma to muscle ratio of 7.3. The IMT uptake was increased in 13 of 15 (87%) patients, who had a mean carcinoma to muscle ratio of 2.9. Only 13 of 19 (68%) carcinomas revealed pathological MIBI uptake, with a mean tumour to muscle ratio of 2.2 and no significant difference between early and late MIBI SPET images (P=0.23). In conclusion, in the diagnosis of primary carcinomas of the

Technetium-99m pyrophosphate imaging in acute renal failure associated with nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Patel, R.; Mishkin, F.S.

1986-10-01

Technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc-PYP) imaging was performed in five patients with acute renal failure associated with nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis. Four patients had phencyclidine intoxication and one had viral pneumonia. During the acute phase, marked uptake of pyrophosphate was seen in all patients in several muscle groups, but always in the thigh adductors. The results show that phencyclidine intoxication can result in diffuse muscle uptake of Tc-PYP without overt evidence of muscle injury. Tc-PYP imaging may provide a clue to the cause of acute renal failure in patients with suspected rhabdomyolysis in whom elevations of serum creatine phosphokinase concentrations are equivocal.

Technetium-99m pyrophosphate imaging in acute renal failure associated with nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Patel, R.; Mishkin, F.S.

1986-01-01

Technetium-99m pyrophosphate (Tc-PYP) imaging was performed in five patients with acute renal failure associated with nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis. Four patients had phencyclidine intoxication and one had viral pneumonia. During the acute phase, marked uptake of pyrophosphate was seen in all patients in several muscle groups, but always in the thigh adductors. The results show that phencyclidine intoxication can result in diffuse muscle uptake of Tc-PYP without overt evidence of muscle injury. Tc-PYP imaging may provide a clue to the cause of acute renal failure in patients with suspected rhabdomyolysis in whom elevations of serum creatine phosphokinase concentrations are equivocal

Technetium-99m sestamibi limb scintigraphy in post-traumatic reflex sympathetic dystrophy: preliminary results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sarikaya, A.; Firat, M.F.; Sarikaya, I.; Pekindil, G.; Pekindil, Y.

2001-01-01

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) has widely variable clinical manifestations. Its pathogenesis remains partially unexplained. RSD is commonly divided into three stages; these stages are not always clearly separable, but staging remains important for correct treatment. Since the disease involves soft tissue alterations as well as bone changes, we decided to investigate whether technetium-99m sestamibi limb imaging can be used to evaluate the soft tissue appearance. Fifteen patients (seven females and eight males; age range 12-68 years) with clinically significant post-fracture RSD were evaluated with both three-phase bone scan (TPBS) and 99m Tc-sestamibi limb scintigraphy. Although, in general, patients with similar duration of disease, clinical stage and TPBS activity tended to have similar patterns of sestamibi uptake, discordant uptake patterns were observed in some patients with clinical stage 1. Thus, of 12 patients with stage I disease, eight had increased 99m Tc-sestamibi activity in the distal part of the affected limb, while three had normal activity and one had decreased activity. All three patients with stage II disease showed normal 99m Tc-sestamibi uptake. Although most of the patients with increased 99m Tc-sestamibi uptake had increased activity on all three phases of the bone scan, there were discordant results between the scan patterns in other patients. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that 99m Tc-sestamibi imaging may contribute to the differentiation between clinical stages and may permit evaluation of the disease course and selection of appropriate therapy. 99m Tc-sestamibi imaging is not, however, a primary diagnostic procedure for RSD. (orig.)

Diffuse Myocardial Uptake of {sup 99m}Tc-HDP in Multiple Myeloma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Demirel, Koray; Sadic, Murat; Korkmaz, Meliha; Comak, Aylin; Atilgan, Hasan Ikbal; Koca, Goekhan [Ministry of Health Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara (Turkmenistan)

2013-09-15

Soft tissue uptake is a rare finding in bone scintigraphy, with an incidence of 2%. Although the mechanism has not yet been fully clarified, several causes have been reported for this unusual uptake pattern. This paper presents a case of diffuse myocardial accumulation of technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate ({sup 99m}Tc-HDP) without either solid/visceral organ or soft tissue with multiple myeloma (MM) in skeletal scintigraphy. A 93-year-old man with hypertension and chronic heart failure for 14 years underwent bone scanning due to a 2-month history of back pain within a 1-year period of MM. Three hours later, {sup 99m}Tc-HDP late static images showed diffuse myocardial radiotracer accumulation and there were no other sites of abnormal soft tissue or visceral uptake. Myocardial accumulation had disappeared on 24-h delayed static images. This accumulation was thought to be related with AL-type amyloidosis associated with MM.

Discussion on twenty-two hepatobiliary scintigraphs performed with technetium 99m-labelled N-(2,6 dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid (or HIDA-99mTc) at the Val-de-Grace Army Instruction Hospital

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoste, Philippe.

1978-12-01

Intraveinously injected technetium 99m-labelled N-(2,6 dimethyl-phenylcarbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid, or HIDA-99mTc, is taken up by the hepatocytes and secreted in the bile, a fraction being normally eliminated by the kidneys. Isotopic examination with HIDA-99mTc gives valuable information on the morphology of the liver during the first minutes of the test, thus revealing the presence of parenchyma disease. In all observed cases of secondary hepatic localisations in particular the HIDA-99mTc images overlie those obtained with technetium colloids. By the examination it is also possible: - to establish the existence or otherwise of a functional vesicle, - to follow the path of the radiotracer along the bile duct. In short, HIDA-99mTc hepatobiliary scintigraphy is particularly useful for the study of hepatocyte uptake and bile elimination since it allows a continuous quantitative study of the liver-bile function under given physiological conditions [fr

Evaluation of reflux oesophagitis with technetium-99m-labelled ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Sucralfate binds with denuded protein to form a stable complex to protect the damaged mucosa. By utilising this property, technetium-99m-labelled sucraJfate can be used to demonstrate ulceration in the upper gastro-intestinal tract. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate 99mTc-labelled sucralfate in the diagnosis of ...

Method for radiolabeling proteins with technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crockford, D.R.; Rhodes, B.A.

1984-01-01

In accordance with this invention, a substrate to be radiolabeled with technetium-99m is admixed with a buffered stannous chloride composition having a pH between about 4.5 and about 8.5 wherein the stannous chloride is produced from a non-oxidized tin source, the buffered stannous chloride is purged of oxygen and the buffer comprises a mixture of alkali metal biphthalate and an alkali metal tartrate. Alternatively, the buffer may include alkali metal borate or gentisate. The stannous chloride solution is admixed with the buffer and the resultant mixture is neutralized with sodium hydroxide. The neutralized solution then is admixed with the substrate eventually to be radiolabeled with technetium-99m. This solution is allowed to incubate for several hours (usually over 15 hours) in the absence of oxygen and at room temperature

Technetium 99-m labeled radio-diagnostic agents employing stannous tartrate and method of preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molinski, V.J.; Wilczewski, J.A.

1976-01-01

A method of preparing improved technetium-99m labeled radiodiagnostic agents by reducing technetium-99m with stannous tartrate. Such radiodiagnostic agents are useful in scintigraphic examinations of the bone and lung. 31 claims, no drawings

Technetium 99m-labeled annexin v scintigraphy of platelet activation in vegetations of experimental endocarditis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rouzet, F.; Sarda-Mantel, L.; Le Guludec, D.; Rouzet, F.; Sarda-Mantel, L.; LeGuludec, D.; Rouzet, F.; Sarda-Mantel, L.; Le Guludec, D.; Hernandez, M.D.; Louedec, L.; Michel, J.B.; Hervatin, F.; Lefort, A.; Fantin, B.; Duval, X.; Duval, X.; Hernandez, M.D.

2008-01-01

Background: The pathophysiology of infective endocarditis involves a pathogen/host tissue interaction, leading to formation of infected thrombotic vegetations. Annexin V is a ligand of phosphatidyl-serines exposed by activated platelets and apoptotic cells. Because vegetations are platelet-fibrin clots in which platelet pro-aggregant activity is enhanced by bacterial colonization, we investigated the ability of annexin V labeled with technetium 99m Tc ( 99m Tc-ANX) to provide functional imaging of these vegetations in experimental models of infective endocarditis. This ability was assessed in rabbits and rats because of the different interest of these 2 species in preclinical analysis. Methods and Results: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis was induced with the use of a catheter left indwelling through the aortic or tricuspid valve, and animals were injected with either a bacterial inoculum or saline. Scintigraphic investigations were performed 5 days later and showed a higher 99m Tc-ANX uptake by vegetations in infected versus non-infected animals (ratio,1.3 for in vivo acquisitions and 2 for autoradiography; P ≤ 0.0001 for all), whereas no significant uptake was present in controls. Right-sided endocarditis was associated with pulmonary uptake foci corresponding to emboli. Histological analysis of vegetations showed a specific uptake of 99m Tc-ANX at the interface between circulating blood and vegetation. In parallel, underlying myocardial tissue showed myocyte apoptosis and mucoid degeneration, without extracellular matrix degradation at this stage. Conclusions: 99m Tc-ANX is suitable for functional imaging of platelet-fibrin vegetations in endocarditis, as well as embolic events. 99m Tc-ANX uptake reflects mainly platelet activation in the luminal layer of vegetations. This uptake is enhanced by bacterial colonization. (authors)

Monoclonal anti-elastin antibody labelled with technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, Marcia B.N. de; Silva, Claudia R. da; Araujo, Adriano C. de; Bernardo Filho, Mario; Porto, Luis Cristovao M.S.; Gutfilen, Bianca; Souza, J.E.Q.; Frier, Malcolm

1999-01-01

Technetium-99m ( 99m Tc) is widely employed in nuclear medicine due to its desirable physical, chemical and biological properties. Moreover, it is easily available and normally is inexpensive. A reducing agent is necessary to label cells and molecules with 99m Tc and stannous chloride (Sn C L 2 ) is usually employed. Elastin is the functional protein component of the elastic fiber and it is related with some diseases such as arteriosclerosis, pulmonary emphysema and others. The present study refers to the preparation of the 99m Tc labeled monoclonal anti-elastin antibody. The monoclonal antibody was incubated with an excess of 2-iminothiolane. The free thiol groups created, were capable of binding with the reduced technetium. Labeling was an exchange reaction with 99m Tc-glucoheptonate. The labeled preparation was left at 4 deg C for one hour. Then, it was passed through a Sephadex G50 column. Various fractions were collected and counted. A peak corresponding to the radiolabeled antibody was obtained. Stability studies of the labelled anti-elastin were performed at 0,3 6, 24 hours, at both 4 deg C or room temperature. The biodistribution pattern of the 99m Tc-anti-elastin was studied in healthy male Swiss mice. The immunoreactivity was also determined. An useful labeled-anti-elastin was obtained to future immunoscintigraphic investigations. (author)

The retention mechanism of technetium-99m-HM-PAO

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Neirinckx, R D; Burke, J F; Harrison, R C

1988-01-01

Preparations of d,l- and meso-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HM-PAO) labeled with technetium-99m were added to rat brain homogenates diluted with phosphate buffer (1:10). The conversion of d,l-HM-PAO to hydrophilic forms took place with an initial rate constant of 0.12 min-1. Incubation of the b......Preparations of d,l- and meso-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HM-PAO) labeled with technetium-99m were added to rat brain homogenates diluted with phosphate buffer (1:10). The conversion of d,l-HM-PAO to hydrophilic forms took place with an initial rate constant of 0.12 min-1. Incubation....... This correspondence of values supports the notion that GSH may be important for the in vivo conversion of 99mTc-labeled HM-PAO to hydrophilic forms and may be the mechanism of trapping in brain and other cells. A kinetic model for the trapping of d,l- and meso-HM-PAO in tissue is developed that is based on data...

Labeling of creatinine with technetium-99m

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yurt Lambrecht, F. [Ege Univ., Bornova, Izmir (Turkey). Dept. of Nuclear Applications, Inst. of Nuclear Sciences; Durkan, K. [Dokuz Eylul Univ., Buca, Izmir (Turkey). Chemistry Technicianship Program, Izmir Vocational School; Soylu, A. [Dokuz Eylul Univ., Narlidere, Izmir (Turkey). Dept. of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty

2004-07-01

Creatinine is a clinically important index of renal glomerular filtration rate. Urine creatinine levels can be used as a screening test to evaluate kidney function or can be part of the creatinine clearance test. In case of kidney dysfunction or muscle disorders the creatinine concentration in serum/plasma may rise to a higher value than in healthy body. Technetium- 99m has been used in nuclear medicine and in biomedical research to label molecular and cellular structures employed as radiotracers. {sup 99m}Tc is utilized to label molecules and cells, used as radiopharmaceuticals, and also to label biological species. It presents many desirable characteristics. SnCl{sub 2} method is frequently used as a reducing agent in the {sup 99m}Tc- labeling process. Creatinine metabolism might be investigated by using labeled {sup 99m}Tc- creatinine in healthy or uremic rats. (orig.)

Preparation and quality control of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Samuels, D.L.

1978-11-01

Appropriate procedures for the production and quality control of technetium-99m based radiopharmaceuticals in hospital radiopharmacy consistent with the recently published Australian Code of Good Manufacturing Practice are discussed

Tc-99m-MIBI Uptake in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Chang Ho; Park, Chan Hee; Hwang, Hee Sung; Bae, Moon Sun

1996-01-01

Technetium-99m MIBI was developed as a myocardiac perfusion imagine agent and has been used effectively in the detection and post-therapeutic evaluation of various neoplasm such as thyroid, lung, bone and breast tumors. As an infrequent findings, Tc-99m MIBI agent has shown in non-neoplastic pulmonary conditions including fibroding alveolitis, pulmonary actinomycosis, active pulmonary sarcoidosis, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis in progressive systemic sclerosis and active osteomyelitis. In a recent report conducted by Cetin Oncel, Tc-99m MIBI imaging is an effective method in the detection and follow-up of pulmonary tuberculosis. We have also experienced Tc-99m-MIBI uptake in active pulmonary tuberculosis incidentally found in a patient with suspected proliferative villonodular synovitis of the left ankle.

Contribution of technetium 99m-labelled pyrophosphate bone scintigraphy in infectious spondylodiscitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Capdepont, M.-T.

1976-01-01

This work examines the contribution of technetium 99m(sup(99m)Tc)-labelled pyrophosphate bone scintigraphy in infectious spondylodiscitis and attempts to define its importance in the diagnosis of lesions and their subsequent supervision in patients under treatment. 5 to 15 millicuries of sup(99m)Tc-labelled pyrophosphates are injected intraveinously. Bone uptake is strong and durable; 1.3% of the injected activity is found in the blood by the fifth hour. The skeleton may be explored: - either one segment at a tome with a scintillation camera, - or all at once and more quickly with a whole-body device taking front and black exposures. Bone scintigraphy appears as a basic technique in the study of infectious spondylodiscitis. Moreover the use of increasingly efficient equipment, the quantification of results and perhaps the development of new tracers augur well for a technique which is already acknowledged to be of fundamental interest [fr

Production technologies for molybdenum-99 and technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1999-02-01

Technetium-99m (6.02 h) is the most widely used radioisotope in nuclear medicine, accounting for more than 80% of all diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures. It is almost exclusively produced from the decay of its parent 99 Mo. The present sources of 99 Mo are research reactors by using the (n,γ) nuclear reaction with natural Mo ( 98 Mo, ∼24%), resulting in inexpensive but low-specific activity 99 Mo, or by neutron-induced fission of 235 U, which results in expensive but high specific activity 99 Mo. This publication covers several aspects related to the production of 99 Mo and 99m Tc. The contributed papers reflect the current status of the technology and discuss potential alternative methodologies for the production of 99 Mo and 99m Tc for medical use. The first four papers address the technologies using nuclear reactors, including the description of a new method using an aqueous homogenous reactor core for production of fission 99 Mo and the latest development efforts to fabricate 235 U low enriched targets (LEU, 235 U). The next five papers discuss the potential of utilizing particle accelerators and assess the current status of the available nuclear data for the production of both, 99 Mo and 99m Tc with proton and deuteron beams. The last paper discusses a new technology based on gel system for the preparation of 99 Mo/ 99m Tc generators using low specific activity 99 Mo produced in research reactors by the neutron activation of natural and inexpensive molybdenum oxide targets. Each individual paper was indexed and abstracted

Technetium-99m labeled radiodiagnostic agents and method of preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1976-01-01

A method of preparing improved technetium-99m labelled radiodiagnostic agents by reducing sup(99m)Tc-pertechnetate with stannous tartrate is given. Human serum albumine (HSA) and 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-disodiumphosphonate (HEDSPA), which are useful in scintigraphic examinations of the lung and bone, were labelled in this way

Technetium 99m-labeled annexin v scintigraphy of platelet activation in vegetations of experimental endocarditis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rouzet, F.; Sarda-Mantel, L.; Le Guludec, D. [Nucl Med Serv, Grp Hosp Bichat Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Paris (France); Rouzet, F.; Sarda-Mantel, L.; LeGuludec, D. [Univ Denis Diderot Paris 7, UMR S773, Paris (France); Rouzet, F.; Sarda-Mantel, L.; Le Guludec, D. [INSERM, U773, Paris (France); Hernandez, M.D.; Louedec, L.; Michel, J.B. [Univ Paris 07, CHU Xavier Bichat, INSERM, U698, Paris (France); Hervatin, F. [CEA, DSV, DRM, SHFJ, Orsay (France); Lefort, A.; Fantin, B. [Univ Denis Diderot Paris 7, EA 3964, Paris (France); Duval, X. [Univ Denis Diderot Paris 7, INSERM, CIC 007, Paris (France); Duval, X. [Univ Denis Diderot Paris 7, AP-HP, Grp Hosp Bichat Claude Bernard, Ctr Invest Clin, Paris (France); Hernandez, M.D. [Univ Guadalajara, DeptPathol, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco (Mexico)

2008-07-01

Background: The pathophysiology of infective endocarditis involves a pathogen/host tissue interaction, leading to formation of infected thrombotic vegetations. Annexin V is a ligand of phosphatidyl-serines exposed by activated platelets and apoptotic cells. Because vegetations are platelet-fibrin clots in which platelet pro-aggregant activity is enhanced by bacterial colonization, we investigated the ability of annexin V labeled with technetium {sup 99m}Tc ({sup 99m}Tc-ANX) to provide functional imaging of these vegetations in experimental models of infective endocarditis. This ability was assessed in rabbits and rats because of the different interest of these 2 species in preclinical analysis. Methods and Results: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis was induced with the use of a catheter left indwelling through the aortic or tricuspid valve, and animals were injected with either a bacterial inoculum or saline. Scintigraphic investigations were performed 5 days later and showed a higher {sup 99m}Tc-ANX uptake by vegetations in infected versus non-infected animals (ratio,1.3 for in vivo acquisitions and 2 for autoradiography; P {<=} 0.0001 for all), whereas no significant uptake was present in controls. Right-sided endocarditis was associated with pulmonary uptake foci corresponding to emboli. Histological analysis of vegetations showed a specific uptake of {sup 99m}Tc-ANX at the interface between circulating blood and vegetation. In parallel, underlying myocardial tissue showed myocyte apoptosis and mucoid degeneration, without extracellular matrix degradation at this stage. Conclusions: {sup 99m}Tc-ANX is suitable for functional imaging of platelet-fibrin vegetations in endocarditis, as well as embolic events. {sup 99m}Tc-ANX uptake reflects mainly platelet activation in the luminal layer of vegetations. This uptake is enhanced by bacterial colonization. (authors)

Technetium-99m-labeled recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for the imaging of emboli in vivo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takahashi, Akihiro; Itoh, Kazuo; Tsukamoto, Eriko; Furudate, Masayori; Kamiyama, Hiroyasu; Abe, Hiroshi [Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). School of Medicine

1993-07-01

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) effectively lyses activate thrombus by direct action. Recombinant t-PA (rt-PA) was labeled with technetium-99m ([sup 99m]Tc) to investigate the in vivo binding to fibrin clots in a feline cerebral embolism model created by insertion of an artificial fibrin clot within the carotid artery. [sup 99m]Tc-rt-PA administered intravenously provided clearer imaging of clots after priming with cold rt-PA, with uptake peaking 5-10 minutes after the injection. [sup 99m]Tc-labeled human serum albumin was not retained at clot sites. Systemically administered [sup 99m]Tc-rt-PA binds to fibrin clots within carotid arteries in our feline model. Our results suggest that the interaction of intrinsic plasminogen activator inhibitors with extrinsically administered rt-PA may regulate the demonstration of a clot, although the precise mechanism is unclear. (author).

Measurement of renal function by calculation of fractional uptake of technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beatovic, S.Lj.; Jaksic, E. D.; Hari, R. S.

2004-01-01

The purpose of this study was to set up normal values of the fractional uptake (FU) of technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid in adults and in the pediatric population, as well as to evaluate the validity of this parameter at different levels of renal function. A total of 86 subjects was divided into seven groups. In group A there were 23 potential kidney donors and in group B, 18 children in remission after a first urinary tract infection. Another three groups consisted of patients with diabetes i.e. group C, seven patients with normal values of albuminuria, group D, 16 patients with microalbuminuria and group E, five patients with macroalbuminuria. In group F, there were ten patients with a well-functioning transplanted kidney and in group G, seven patients with suspected acute rejection. The procedure began with the quantification of the doses of 99m Tc-DMSA to be injected and the measurement of the empty syringe lying on the gamma camera collimator. Thereafter, four planar views of the kidneys were acquired three hours after the injection. The counts from the posterior and anterior views were subtracted for background and corrected for radioactive decay time and patient thickness. The FU was calculated by the geometric mean of counts per second from the posterior and anterior view. It was expressed as a fraction of the injected dose. The mean values of FU in healthy adults were 0.227 ± 0.077 for one kidney and 0.454 ± 0.146 for both kidneys. The mean values of FU for the left and right kidney were 0.225± 0.071 and 0.229 ± 0.079, respectively. In children, the mean values were 0.220 ± 0.092 for one kidney and 0.432 ± 0.094 for both kidneys. The highest values of FU of 0.322 ± 0.078 (0.644 ± 0.138 for both kidneys) were measured in group C. In group D, FU was 0.185 ± 0.065 (0.361 ± 0.125 for both kidneys) and in group E 0.082 ± 0.040 (0.163 ± 0.080 total). In patients with a transplanted kidney, fractional uptake was 0.162 ± 0.039 in group F and 0

Internal Dosimetry and the pharmacokinetic of the Cuban Kit of Methoxy-Isobutyl-Isonitrile (MIBI) marked with 99mTc

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Torres, L.A.; Pereztol, O.; Rodriguez, J.L.; Alvarez, I.; Fraxedas, R.; Mesa, G.; Rodriguez, R.

1998-01-01

The objective of the present work consisted on evaluating the Internal Dosimetry and the pharmacokinetic of the Cuban Kit of Methoxy-Isobutyl-Isonitrile (MIBI) marked with 99mTc. In the dosimetry studies and biodistribution five healthy volunteers were included and in the pharmacokinetic studies five patients were included with less than 5% of probability of suffering illness of artery coronary

Labelling of metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) with Technetium-99m radionuclide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maula Eka Sriyani; Dini Natanegara; Aang Hanafiah Ws

2015-01-01

Various neuroendocrine tumors and their metastases are able to localized and staged by Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG). MIBG is a molecule that has a chemical structure similarities with noradrenaline in the adrenal. The research on 131 I-MIBG has been successfully conducted in the tumor imaging. This research of preparing 99m Tc-MIBG that will be used as a diagnostic agent for adrenal tumors was carried out. MIBG labeling activities with technetium-99m radionuclide were carried out through labeling of MIBG with technetium-99m and radiochemical purity analysis. The labeling of MIBG was carried out using both direct and indirect methods with diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) as a co-ligand. Determination of 99m Tc-MIBG labeling efficiency was performed using paper chromatography with Whatman 3MM/dried acetone and Whatman 31ET/acetonitrile 50%. The results of labeling efficiency using the indirect method with DTPA as a co-ligand was obtained 93.44 ± 1.93%, which the concentration of MIBG was 2 mg/0.5 mL H 2 O, concentration of co-ligand was 37,5 μg of SnCl 2 .2H 2 O and DTPA of 1,125 mg at pH 6.5 for 15 minutes incubation in the room temperature ( 25 °C). (author)

An introduction to technetium-99m generators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abrashkin, S.

1984-02-01

The role played by technetium-99m generators in diagnostic medicine, their physical and chemical fundamentals and their main technical characteristics are discussed. This report is intended as a general introduction to a group of reports which summarize the work done on the development and production of the generators, and research on the chemical and physical aspects of the generator systems

Ligand-free, protein-bound technetium-99m. Evidence for tumour localisation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jakovljevic, A.C.; Pojer, P.M.

1984-11-01

An hypothesis that cations accumulate in tumours independent of ligand is tested. A preparation of technetium-99m known to be ligand-free (that is, the technetium is protein bound and no other ligand is injected) has been shown to accumulate in a T-cell lymphoma

Technetium-99m somatostatin analogues: effect of labelling methods and peptide sequence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Decristoforo, C.; Mather, S.J.

1999-01-01

In this paper the preclinical evaluation of the somatostatin analogue RC160 labelled with technetium-99m using bifunctional chelators (BFCs) based on the hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC) and N 3 S system is described and a comparison made with [Tyr 3 ]-octreotide (TOC). Conjugates of both peptides with HYNIC, and of RC160 with benzoyl-MAG 3 and an N 3 S-adipate derivative were prepared and radiolabelling performed at high specific activities using tricine, tricine/nicotinic acid and ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic adic (EDDA) as co-ligands for HYNIC conjugates. All conjugates and 99m Tc-labelled peptides showed preserved binding affinity for the somatostatin receptor (IC50, Kd 99m Tc-RC160 derivatives compared with 99m Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-[Tyr 3 ]-octreotide (0.2%-3.5%ID/g vs 9.7%ID/g) and correlated well with the reduced internalisation rate for RC160 derivatives. Our results show that the selection of the labelling approach as well as the right choice of the peptide structure are crucial for labelling peptides with 99m Tc to achieve complexes with favourable biodistribution. Despite the relatively low tumour uptake compared with 99m Tc-EDDA/HYNIC-[Tyr 3 ]-octreotide, 99m Tc-RC160 could play a role in imaging tumours that do not bind octreotide derivatives. (orig.)

Pretreatment evaluation of carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx with {sup 18}F-fluorodeoxyglucose, {sup 123}I-{alpha}-methyl-L-tyrosine and {sup 99m}Tc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Henze, Marcus; Eisenhut, Michael; Haberkorn, Uwe [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg (Germany); German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (Germany); Mohammed, Ashour; Mier, Walter [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg (Germany); Rudat, Volker [Department of Radiotherapy, University of Heidelberg (Germany); Dietz, Andreas; Nollert, Joerg [Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg (Germany)

2002-03-01

While fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is helpful in the pretherapeutic evaluation of head and neck cancer, it is only available in selected centres. Therefore, single-photon emission tomography (SPET) tracers would be desirable if they were to demonstrate tumour uptake reliably. This multitracer study was performed to evaluate the pretherapeutic uptake of the SPET tracers iodine-123 {alpha}-methyl-L-tyrosine (IMT) and technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI) in primary carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx and to compare the results with those of FDG PET. We examined 22 fasted patients (20 male, 2 female, mean age 60.5{+-}10.2 years) with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the hypopharynx (n=9) or larynx (n=13), within 1 week before therapy. In 20 patients a cervical PET scan was acquired after intravenous injection of 232{+-}43 MBq {sup 18}F-FDG. Data analysis was semiquantitative, being based on standardised uptake values (SUVs) obtained at 60-90 min after injection. After injection of 570{+-}44 MBq {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI, cervical SPET scans (high-resolution collimator, 64 x 64 matrix, 64 steps, 40 s each) were obtained in 19 patients, 15 and 60 min after tracer injection. Finally, 15 min after injection of 327{+-}93 MBq {sup 123}I-IMT (medium-energy collimator, 64 x 64 matrix, 64 steps, 40 s each) SPET scans were acquired in 15 patients. All images were analysed visually and by calculating the tumour to nuchal muscle ratio. Eighteen of 20 (90%) carcinomas showed an increased glucose metabolism, with a mean SUV of 8.7 and a mean carcinoma to muscle ratio of 7.3. The IMT uptake was increased in 13 of 15 (87%) patients, who had a mean carcinoma to muscle ratio of 2.9. Only 13 of 19 (68%) carcinomas revealed pathological MIBI uptake, with a mean tumour to muscle ratio of 2.2 and no significant difference between early and late MIBI SPET images (P=0.23). In conclusion, in the diagnosis of

Quantitative radiocardiography by single-probe counting using sup(99m)technetium albumin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Man in 't Veld, A.J.; Wenting, G.J.; Verhoeven, R.P.; Schalekamp, M.A.D.H.

1978-01-01

Quantitative radiocardiography with sup(99m)Technetium albumin, using a single probe for percordial counting of radioactivity is a non-invasive technique to measure cardiac output. sup(99m)Technetium pertechnetate is bound to albumin by electrolytic complexation. Preparations of sup(99m)Technetium albumin showed small percentages of free radioactivity. In-vivo stability of the complex was confirmed by comparison with distribution volumes of 131 Iodine albumin and sup(113m)Indium transferrin. The isotope dilution cardiac output technique was validated by comparison with a classical indocyanine green dilution method. Results obtained by peripheral intravenous injection of the isotope were not different from those after intracardiac injection. Exact localization of the collimator over the heart was not critical. Duplicate measurements showed good reproducibility. Examples of serial measurements in patients with hyperthyroidism, primary aldosteronism and essential hypertinsion are given. The method is reliable, accurate and safe and causes no discomfort to the patient. (C.F.)

Advances in technetium chemistry towards 99mTc receptor imaging agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Johannsen, B.; Spies, H.

1997-01-01

The development of the chemistry of technetium and its non-radioactive surrogate rhenium has been prompted by the trends and needs of nuclear medicine, which predominantly uses 99m Tc radiopharmaceuticals for a broad range of diagnostics. Technetium-99m is the ideal radioisotope for tomographic single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging due to its nuclear properties (6.2 h, E γ 140 keV) and ready availability through generator systems. Transition metals offer many opportunities for designing molecules by modifying the environment around the core, allowing certain biological properties to be imposed upon the molecule. Whereas research in the past was mainly concerned with biological properties that allow relatively unspecific functional imaging, as in brain or myocardium perfusion studies, nuclear medicine is now requiring more and more biochemical information on low capacity, high specificity targets. Many research groups have become involved in the search for new technetium-based compounds, called the third generation of 99m Tc radiopharmaceuticals, that employ the principles of modern pharmacology to achieve biochemical specificity. There has been considerable interest in imaging CNS and other receptors with 99m Tc receptor-binding ligands. Such a 99m Tc CNS receptor-imaging agent is currently not yet in use because of the significant hurdles to be overcome in attaining this ambitious goal. However, some Tc and Re complexes of remarkable affinity in vitro, and the first high-affinity 99m Tc probes able to label the dopamine transporter in the brain by SPECT imaging prove the feasibility of this approach. (Author)

Measurement of glomerular filtration rate in children using technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aaronson, I.A.; Mann, M.D.

1985-01-01

During the past 5 years, we have measured the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the slope-clearance method using technetium-99m diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid technetium-99m-DTPA in 130 infants and children. The results in 22 children have been compared with inulin clearance, and a very good correlation between the two methods of measurement of GFR was demonstrated (r = 0,9616; P less than 0,0001). This study provides further evidence that technetium-99m-DTPA is a satisfactory agent for the clinical measurement of GFR in children

Reduction of 99mTc-sestamibi and 99mTc-tetrofosmin uptake in MRP-expressing breast cancer cells under hypoxic conditions is independent of MRP function

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kinuya, Seigo; Li, Xiao-Feng; Yokoyama, Kunihiko; Michigishi, Takatoshi; Tonami, Norihisa; Mori, Hirofumi; Shiba, Kazuhiro; Watanabe, Naoto; Shuke, Noriyuki; Bunko, Hisashi

2003-01-01

Hypoxia reduces the uptake of technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI) in human cancer cell lines. In the current investigation, we attempted to identify the relationship between hypoxia-induced alteration of 99m Tc-MIBI accumulation and expression of multi-drug resistance-associated protein (MRP) in the MCF7/WT breast cancer cell line and its subclonal cell line, MCF7/VP, which expresses high levels of MRP1. A second cationic compound, 99m Tc-tetrofosmin (TF), was also examined. Cellular uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI and 99m Tc-TF was significantly higher in parental MCF7/WT cells than in MCF7/VP cells. Hypoxic conditions generated with a mixture of 95% N 2 and 5% CO 2 reduced cellular uptake of the two tracers in both parental MCF7/WT cells and MRP1-expressing MCF7/VP cells. Cell binding assay with iodine-125-labelled anti-MRP1 antibody demonstrated its specific binding to MCF7/VP cells. Hypoxia did not affect the amount of antibody bound to MCF7/VP cells. These results indicate that hypoxia-induced reduction of tracer uptake in tumour cells is a phenomenon independent of MRP function. (orig.)

Preparation and assessment of [99mTc]technetium aquacarbonyl complexes with 1,2-diaminoethane-N-substituted ligands for tumor detection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radin, Adriano

2010-01-01

Over least 15 years the complex [[ 99m Tc](H 2 0) 3 (CO) 3 ] + has been used as an intermediary to obtain technetium radiopharmaceuticals for applications in cardiology, neurology and oncology. Two important characteristics of this molecule are: the facility for obtaining that compound from aqueous solutions and the easiness of substituting H 2 O molecules by atoms of other ligand molecules. In this project we prepared new complexes [[ 99m Tc](CMN S001-3 )(H 2 O)(CO) 3 ] + , where (CMNS001) = N-[(4-methoxy) benzyl]-1,2-diaminoethane, (CMNS003) = N,N'-bis-[(4-methoxy)benzyl]-1,2-diaminoethane, and assessed the uptake of these complexes in murine melanoma cancer cell B16F10 and breast cells MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231, and compared with [[ 99m ](MIBI) 6 ] + uptake. In vitro uptake for both new technetium complex reached values close to 5%, for all cell lines, whereas the [[ 99m Tc](MIBI) 6 ] + uptake was close to 1 %. The assessment of subcellular distribution showed high accumulation of the new complex in the membrane fraction, for MDAMB-231, while for B16F10 accumulation occurred both in membrane and cytoplasm; the concentration of [[ 99m Tc](MIBI) 6 ] + was mainly in the cytoplasm portion. Biodistribution study in mice allowed to observe the capture of up to 1.6% of the administered dose per gram of tumor tissue for the complex [[ 99m Tc](CMNS001)(H 2 O)(CO) 3 ] + , whereas other organs such as heart, lung and muscle, showed uptake of about 5.6%, 6.4% and 2%, respectively. The complexes in this work showed a high rate of uptake in vitro, but was not reproduced in vivo model, which can be related to low concentration of the complexes inside the cells and reduced vascularity of tumor tissue, with lower intake of complex through the blood system. (author)

Technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate bone scanning in osteoarthritic hands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buckland-Wright, J.C.; Lynch, J.A.; Macfarlane, D.G.; Homoeopathic Hospital, Tunbridge; Fogelman, I.; Emery, P.

1991-01-01

In this prospective study, the radiological features characteristic of osteoarthritis of the hand were compared with the radionuclide bone scan images. A total of 32 patients was assessed at 6-monthly intervals for 18 months. Microfocal radiographs were taken at each visit. The high magnification and resolution of this technique permitted direct measurement of joint space width, subchondral sclerosis, osteophyte number and area and juxta-articular radiolucency area for each joint in the hand. Four-hour technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate bone scans were taken at 0 and 12 months and the activity of tracer uptake at each joint scored. The latter was compared with each X-radiographic feature at every visit and the changes between visits analysed. The scan scores did not correlate with any of the X-radiographic features other than osteophyte size. During the study the size of growing and remodelling osteophytes increased significantly at joints with raised or increased isotope uptake. (orig.)

Technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate bone scanning in osteoarthritic hands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Buckland-Wright, J.C.; Lynch, J.A. (United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy' s and Saint Thomas' , London (UK). Dept. of Anatomy); Macfarlane, D.G. (United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy' s and Saint Thomas' , London (UK). Dept. of Anatomy Homoeopathic Hospital, Tunbridge (UK). Dept. of Rheumatology); Fogelman, I. (United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy' s and Saint Thomas' , London (UK). Dept. of Nuclear Medicine); Emery, P. (United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy' s and Saint Thomas' , London (UK). Dept. of Rheumatology)

1991-01-01

In this prospective study, the radiological features characteristic of osteoarthritis of the hand were compared with the radionuclide bone scan images. A total of 32 patients was assessed at 6-monthly intervals for 18 months. Microfocal radiographs were taken at each visit. The high magnification and resolution of this technique permitted direct measurement of joint space width, subchondral sclerosis, osteophyte number and area and juxta-articular radiolucency area for each joint in the hand. Four-hour technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate bone scans were taken at 0 and 12 months and the activity of tracer uptake at each joint scored. The latter was compared with each X-radiographic feature at every visit and the changes between visits analysed. The scan scores did not correlate with any of the X-radiographic features other than osteophyte size. During the study the size of growing and remodelling osteophytes increased significantly at joints with raised or increased isotope uptake. (orig.).

Lymphoma imaging with a new technetium-99m labelled antibody, LL2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murthy, S.; Sharkey, R.M.; Goldenberg, D.M.; Lee, R.E.; Pinsky, C.M.; Hansen, H.J.; Burger, K.; Swayne, L.C.

1992-01-01

The lesion detection capability of a new technetium-99m labelled B-cell lymphoma monoclonal antibody (MoAb) imaging agent, LL2, was evaluated in 8 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 1 patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The MoAb kit consists of a 1-vial, 1-mg Fab' form of LL2 ready for instant labelling with technetium. The patients were injected with ∝925 MBq (25 mCi) of 99m Tc-LL2 Fab' (1 mg), and planar and single photon emission tomography (SPET) studies were performed at 3-4 h post injection and at 24 h. There was no evidence of thyroid or stomach activity up to 24 h. Uniform splenic uptake was seen in all patients. Two non-lymphoma patients were also administered with the same agent and demonstrated a similar splenic distribution; therefore, splenic targeting was not scored as tumour-specific. A total of 29 from 48 tumour sites were detected by scintigraphy, including tumours of various grades and histological types. Excluding 1 patient who had a large tumour burden of over 500 g, 29 of 33 lesions were detected. One patient was free of disease at the time of the study and had a negative scan. Another patient showed excellent targeting of gallium-negative sites in the liver and bone. The bone involvement was not known prior to the antibody study and was subsequently confirmed by a bone scan. Additional sites of MoAb localization could not be followed in this group, since most patients went on to radioimmunotherapy immediately following the 99m Tc-LL2 study. However, these initial results suggest that this new 99m Tc-labelled antibody imaging kit should be further investigated for its potential role in the staging and follow-up of lymphoma patients. (orig.)

Quantitative planar imaging with technetium-99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile: Comparison of uptake patterns with thallium-201

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sinusas, A.J.; Beller, G.A.; Smith, W.H.; Vinson, E.L.; Brookeman, V.; Watson, D.D.

1989-01-01

To compare the myocardial uptake pattern of 99mTc-labeled methoxyisobutyl isonitrile [( 99mTc] MIBI) and 201TI, planar scintigraphy were performed in both patients with documented coronary artery disease and subjects with a low likelihood of disease. Quantitative analysis was employed using a standard interpolative background subtraction algorithm and a new algorithm modified to better accommodate for the differences in extracardiac activity seen with [99mTc]MIBI rest images. Among patients with coronary artery disease, the standard algorithm yielded no significant difference in relative defect magnitude between [99mTc]MIBI and 201TI on stress scintigrams (p = 0.48), although the magnitude of [99mTc]MIBI defects was greater on resting images (p = 0.02). When the modified algorithm was employed, defect magnitude was similar for both stress (p = 0.91) and rest (p = 0.20) images. Normal segmental uptake ratios derived from a comparison of contralateral segments (e.g., septal:posterolateral) in the low likelihood patients were similar for both [99mTc]MIBI and 201TI. Thus, modification of the standard interpolative background subtraction algorithm is necessary for quantitative planar [99mTc]MIBI perfusion imaging. When appropriate background subtraction is employed, myocardial uptake and quantitative defect magnitude of [99mTc]MIBI and 201TI planar images are similar

Monitoring of airborne contamination during the handling of technetium-99m and radioiodine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eadie, A.S.; Horton, P.W.; Hilditch, T.E.

1980-01-01

Measurements have been made using an air sampler to measure airborne radioactivity produced during the routine handling of large activities of technetium-99m, iodine-125 and iodine-131. The results indicate that 99 Tcsup(m) can be safely handled in environments without direct exhaust of the ventilated air but that 125 I and 131 I should always be handled in a ventilated environment such as a fume cupboard or a down-draught work-station of the total-exhaust type. Monitoring of thyroid uptake proves to be the most reliable means of monitoring airborne contamination by these radionuclides, but burdens and radiation doses for typical procedures are well within the maximum permissible limits of the Code of Practice for the Protection of Persons from Ionizing Radiation arising from Medical and Dental Use. (author)

Clinical comparison of technetium-99m-EC, technetium-99-m-MAG3 and Iodine-131-OIH in renal disorders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kabasakal, L.; Turoglu, T.; Oensel, C.

1995-01-01

Technetium-99m-ethylenedicysteine has recently been developed for renal function studies. The pharmacokinetics of 99m Tc-EC were studied by constant infusion technique and compared with 99m Tc-MAG3 and 131 I-OIH in 11 patients with various renal disorders. After giving a 7.4 MBq 131 I-OIH and 90-110 MBq 99m Tc-EC or 99m Tc-MAG3 bolus, a constant infusion (MBq/ml) 99m Tc--agent and 0.07 MBq/m 131 I-OIH was started. Sixteen blood and five urine samples were obtained over three hr. The renal clearance of 99m Tc-EC was higher than than of 99m Tc-MAG3. The 99m Tc-EC/OIH and 99m Tc-MAG3/OIH ratios were 0.75 ± 0.05 and 0.55 ± 0.10 (p=0.00087), respectively. The distribution volume of 99m Tc-EC was also higher than that of 99m Tc-MAG3 (15722 ± 4644 and 9509 ± 2788 ml/1.73m 2 , respectively; p=0.072). The 99m Tc-EC/OIH and 99m Tc-MAG/OIH distribution volume ratios were 1.03 ± 0.14 and 0.55 ± 0.10, respectively (p = 0.0003). The 60-min excretion values of 99m Tc-EC and 99m Tc-MAG3 were compared to that of OIH. The 99m Tc-EC/OIH and 99m Tc-MAG3/OIH excretion ratios were 0.96 ± 0.06 and 1.07 ± 0.10, respectively (p=0.162). The protein binding of 99m -EC and OIH were found to be 34% ±4 and 66% ±5, respectively (p 99m Tc-EC was negligible (3% ±1.2) in comparison to OIH (27% ±3; p 99m Tc-EC. This agent has good potential for renal function evaluation. 32 refs., 5 tabs

Quantitative analysis of acute myocardial infarction using single photon emission computed tomography using technetium-99m pyrophosphate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fujiwara, Yasushi; Kokubu, Tatsuo; Murase, Kenya; Hamamoto, Ken; Itoh, Taketoshi; Doiuchi, Junji; Ochi, Takaaki.

1986-01-01

The usefulness of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using technetium-99m pyrophosphate ( 99m Tc-PPi) was evaluated in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction. SPECT was performed with a rotating gamma camera after conventional planar images were made. Infarct size was measured from transaxial images of myocardial pyrophosphate uptakes. In each slice, the boundary was defined by subtracting 70 percent of the maximal counts and the number of voxels automatically counted. This subtraction rate was determined by phantom study and by compraing SPECT using 99m Tc-PPi with thallium-201-gated myocardial scintigraphy ( 201 Tl gated SPECT). The planar images showed diffuse uptakes in two of the 15 patients, and in these cases it was difficult to detect the infarct site. In contrast, SPECT images clearly imaged the infarct site consistent with the electrocardiographic findings, and they were definitely separated from the uptakes in the bones in all cases. Infarct size, ranging from 3.4 ml to 78.3 ml, correlated well with cumulative creatine kinase release (r = 0.84, p 99m Tc-PPi is a useful means of investigating the spatial distribution of pyrophosphate uptake and of evaluating the size of myocardial infarction. (author)

Decreased bone uptake of technetium-99m polyphosphate in thalassemia major

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valdez, V.A.; Jacobstein, J.G.

1980-01-01

Bone scans were performed with Tc-99m stannous polyphosphate on four patients with thalassemia major. Three of the scans show generalized decrease in skeletal uptake of the radiopharmaceutical, associated with renal enlargement and markedly increased renal radioactivity. The skeletal findings are consistent with the known bone abnormalities in thalassemia major, which are secondary to the extensive marrow hyperplasia and include loss of trabeculae and cortical thinning with consequent loss of bone mass. The increased renal uptake is probably due in part to the increased renal excretion (secondary to the poor bone uptake) and in part to the tubular dilatation and renal enlargement associated with thalassemia major. In addition, the presence of excessive amounts of iron in these patients may play a role in both the skeletal and renal findings

Assessment of 99mTc-DMSA renoscintigraphy and uptake compared with creatinine clearance in rats with drug-induced nephrotoxicity, 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamada, Masafumi

1991-01-01

For evaluation of technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid ( 99m Tc-DMSA) renal uptake as an absolute renal function, 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was compared with endogenous creatinine clearance (Ccr) in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin (40 mg/kg/day) was given subcutaneously to male Wistar rats for periods of 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. On the next day, the renoscintigraphy was performed 2 hours following intravenous injection of 99m Tc-DMSA and Ccr was measured. On the 7th day, 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was significantly lower in the treated rats than that in control (32.27±0.92 vs 39.84±2.24%; p 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was measured and the histological examination was done. On the 4th day, 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was significantly lower than that on the 1st day (32.32±3.00 vs 38.91±1.95%; p 99m Tc-DMSA uptake reduces earlier than Ccr in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and 99m Tc-DMSA uptake is a reliable indicator in the evaluation of a renal function in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. (author)

The impact of technetium-99m-radiopharmaceuticals' design on their biological behavior

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jankovic, D.Lj.; Djokic, D.Dj. . E-mail address of corresponding author: drinaj@vin.bg.ac.yu; Jankovic, D.)

2005-01-01

The coordination has a great and not always predictable impact on the in-vivo behaviour of the small molecule into which the technetium-bearing chelate units is integrated. The different valence state of technetium in the complexes with some ligands changes the properties of these complexes, such as physico-chemical parameters and biological behaviour. The change of their biological behaviour has a great impact on quality of imaging study and on radiation dose to the patient. The results of the labelling of DPD and EHIDA with 99mTc(I) and their biological behaviour, in comparison with the same one for 99mTc(III)-DPD and 99mTc(III)-EHIDA complexes, confirmed that different oxidation state of 99mTc make possible forming variety of complexes with quite a different and unexpected biological behaviour. (author)

Dynamic SPECT of the brain using a lipophilic technetium-99m complex, PnAO

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holm, S; Andersen, A R; Vorstrup, S

1985-01-01

m PnAO was injected i.v. as a bolus of 15 to 25 mCi. The distribution was followed over 10-sec intervals using a highly sensitive, rapidly rotating SPECT (Tomomatic 64) and compared to 133Xe flow maps. Upon arrival of the PnAO bolus to the brain, a high uptake was found in brain tissue with high......The lipophilic 99mTc-labeled oxime propylene amine oxime (PnAO) should, according to recent reports behave like 133Xe in the human brain. This study compares SPECT images of the two tracers in six subjects: four stroke cases, one transitory ischemic attack case and one normal subject. Technetium-99......AO has a high yet incomplete brain extraction yielding a flow dominated initial distribution with limitations mentioned....

Cyclotron Production of Technetium-99m

Science.gov (United States)

Gagnon, Katherine M.

Technetium-99m (99mTc) has emerged as the most widely used radionuclide in medicine and is currently obtained from a 99Mo/ 99mTc generator system. At present, there are only a handful of ageing reactors worldwide capable of producing large quantities of the parent isotope, 99Mo, and owing to the ever growing shutdown periods for maintenance and repair of these ageing reactors, the reliable supply 99mTc has been compromised in recent years. With an interest in alternative strategies for producing this key medical isotope, this thesis focuses on several technical challenges related to the direct cyclotron production of 99mTc via the 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc reaction. In addition to evaluating the 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc and 100Mo(p,x)99Mo reactions, this work presented the first experimental evaluation of the 100Mo(p,2n) 99gTc excitation function in the range of 8-18 MeV. Thick target calculations suggested that large quantities of cyclotron-produced 99mTc may be possible. For example, a 6 hr irradiation at 500 μA with an energy window of 18→10 MeV is expected to yield 1.15 TBq of 99mTc. The level of coproduced 99gTc contaminant was found to be on par with the current 99Mo/99mTc generator standard eluted with a 24 hr frequency. Highly enriched 100Mo was required as the target material for 99mTc production and a process for recycling of this expensive material is presented. An 87% recovery yield is reported, including metallic target preparation, irradiation, 99mTc extraction, molybdate isolation, and finally hydrogen reduction to the metal. Further improvements are expected with additional optimization experiments. A method for forming structurally stable metallic molybdenum targets has also been developed. These targets are capable of withstanding more than a kilowatt of beam power and the reliable production and extraction of Curie quantities of 99mTc has been demonstrated. With the end-goal of using the cyclotron-produced 99mTc clinically, the quality of the cyclotron

TESTING GUIDELINES FOR TECHNETIUM-99 ADSORPTION ON ACTIVATED CARBON

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Byrnes, M.E.

2010-01-01

CH2M HILL Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) is currently evaluating the potential use of activated carbon adsorption for removing technetium-99 from groundwater as a treatment method for the Hanford Site's 200 West Area groundwater pump-and-treat system. The current pump-and-treat system design will include an ion-exchange (IX) system for selective removal of technetium-99 from selected wells prior to subsequent treatment of the water in the central treatment system. The IX resin selected for technetium-99 removal is Purolite A530E. The resin service life is estimated to be approximately 66.85 days at the design technetium-99 loading rate, and the spent resin must be replaced because it cannot be regenerated. The resulting operating costs associated with resin replacement every 66.85 days are estimated at $0.98 million/year. Activated carbon pre-treatment is being evaluated as a potential cost-saving measure to offset the high operating costs associated with frequent IX resin replacement. This document is preceded by the Literature Survey of Technetium-99 Groundwater Pre-Treatment Option Using Granular Activated Carbon (SGW-43928), which identified and evaluated prior research related to technetium-99 adsorption on activated carbon. The survey also evaluated potential operating considerations for this treatment approach for the 200 West Area. The preliminary conclusions of the literature survey are as follows: (1) Activated carbon can be used to selectively remove technetium-99 from contaminated groundwater. (2) Technetium-99 adsorption onto activated carbon is expected to vary significantly based on carbon types and operating conditions. For the treatment approach to be viable at the Hanford Site, activated carbon must be capable of achieving a designated minimum technetium-99 uptake. (3) Certain radionuclides known to be present in 200 West Area groundwater are also likely to adsorb onto activated carbon. (4) Organic solvent contaminants of concern (COCs) will

TESTING GUIDELINES FOR TECHNETIUM-99 ABSORPTION ON ACTIVATED CARBON

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

BYRNES ME

2010-09-08

CH2M HILL Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) is currently evaluating the potential use of activated carbon adsorption for removing technetium-99 from groundwater as a treatment method for the Hanford Site's 200 West Area groundwater pump-and-treat system. The current pump-and-treat system design will include an ion-exchange (IX) system for selective removal of technetium-99 from selected wells prior to subsequent treatment of the water in the central treatment system. The IX resin selected for technetium-99 removal is Purolite A530E. The resin service life is estimated to be approximately 66.85 days at the design technetium-99 loading rate, and the spent resin must be replaced because it cannot be regenerated. The resulting operating costs associated with resin replacement every 66.85 days are estimated at $0.98 million/year. Activated carbon pre-treatment is being evaluated as a potential cost-saving measure to offset the high operating costs associated with frequent IX resin replacement. This document is preceded by the Literature Survey of Technetium-99 Groundwater Pre-Treatment Option Using Granular Activated Carbon (SGW-43928), which identified and evaluated prior research related to technetium-99 adsorption on activated carbon. The survey also evaluated potential operating considerations for this treatment approach for the 200 West Area. The preliminary conclusions of the literature survey are as follows: (1) Activated carbon can be used to selectively remove technetium-99 from contaminated groundwater. (2) Technetium-99 adsorption onto activated carbon is expected to vary significantly based on carbon types and operating conditions. For the treatment approach to be viable at the Hanford Site, activated carbon must be capable of achieving a designated minimum technetium-99 uptake. (3) Certain radionuclides known to be present in 200 West Area groundwater are also likely to adsorb onto activated carbon. (4) Organic solvent contaminants of concern (COCs

Biomedical tracers: technetium-99 m complexing sulfur polydentate ligands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bendennoune, A.

1994-01-01

Cyclic and acyclic tetra sulfur ligands have been synthesized and some of them have been labelled with technetium-99m. These works have two different aims: 1- Development of methods permitting to obtain easily potential technetium complexing sulfur polydentate chelates. 2- Research of positive and neutral complexes of this metal likely to replace thalium-201 in the coronary flow estimation and [TcO-HMPAO] sup 0 complex in the cerebral scintigraphy, respectively. In this work, first, different ways for obtaining dithioetherdithiols and cyclic tetrathioethers containing functional groups have been carried out, then complexation of the core of nitrutechnetium (TcN) sup 2+ at tracers scale, by dithioetherdithiols, using exchange reaction with [sup 9 sup 9 sup m TcNCl sub 4 ] sup - ion complex or sup 99 sup m TcN Cl sub 2 [P(CH sub 2 CH sub 2 CN) sub 3 ] sub 2 has been studied. Finally, biological distribution in swiss mouse of these technetiated complexes has been studied. 135 refs., 30 figs., 13 tabs. (F.M.)

3. Congress of the SA Society of nuclear medicine: Technetium-99m technology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beyers, M.

1988-08-01

The Atomic Energy Corporation of SA Limited have been engaged in the manufacture of radioisotopes since 1967, shortly after the SAFARI-1 reactor at Pelindaba was commissioned. Since then the use of radioisotopes in South Africa has grown rapidly and at present 95% of the in vivo diagnostic radioisotopes (radiopharmaceuticals) utilized in nuclear medicine are manufactured locally. Because radioisotopes are applied mainly in sophisticated chemically or mechanically processed forms, production requires not only a skilled production team, but also the appropriate facilities for the manufacture of high-quality products which comply with the necessary safety standards. Compliance with such standards is especially important for the routine production of radiopharmaceuticals for use in nuclear medicine. Over the past 20 years technetium-99m has achieved a dominant position among the diagnostic tools in modern nuclear medicine.The scope of nuclear medicine is expanding continuously and its future lies primarily in the development of new organspecific technetium-99m radiodiagnostic agents. Many improvements and changes have been made to Tc-99m generators, the major source of Tc-99m, since they were introduced to nuclear medicine in the late 1950's. The new Peltek-F sterile Tc-99m generator developed by the Isotope Production Centre is a symbol of progress made. In order to commemorate the launching of the new Peltek-F technetium-99m generator during August 1988 it was decided to publish six papers that were presented at the Third Congress of the Society of Nuclear Medicine held at Bloemfontein during the period 15 - 17 August 1988 by members of the Isotope Production Centre. This will serve as a useful reference on various aspects of technetium-99m technology and will stimulate the use of this product as well as new research in this field

Emission computed tomography with technetium-99m pyrophosphate for delineating location and size of acute myocardial infarction in man

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tamaki, S; Kadota, K; Kambara, H; Suzuki, Y; Nohara, R; Murakami, T; Kawai, C; Tamaki, N; Torizuka, K [Kyoto Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Medicine

1984-07-01

Emission computed tomography with technetium-99m pyrophosphate was used to delineate the location and estimate the size of myocardial infarcts in 20 patients with documented acute myocardial infarction. Tomography was performed after planar imaging within 2-5 days after the onset of infarction. Infarct volume was measured from the tomographic images by computerised planimetry and compared with the cumulative release of creatine kinase MB isoenzyme. The planar images showed discrete myocardial uptake in 13 of the 20 patients and diffuse uptake throughout the cardiac region in the remaining seven. In contrast, the tomographic images clearly delineated myocardial uptake by avoiding confusion of myocardial activity with that of surrounding structures, particularly bones, in all patients. For the 10 patients whose infarct size was assessed by analysis of the creatine kinase MB curve there was a close correlation between infarct volume estimated by tomography and by cumulative creatine kinase MB release. Thus emission computed tomography can provide a three dimensional map of technetium-99m pyrophosphate distribution within the heart and is thus able accurately to localise and estimate the size of myocardial infarcts in man.

Emission computed tomography with technetium-99m pyrophosphate for delineating location and size of acute myocardial infarction in man

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tamaki, S.; Kadota, K.; Kambara, H.; Suzuki, Y.; Nohara, R.; Murakami, T.; Kawai, C.; Tamaki, N.; Torizuka, K.

1984-01-01

Emission computed tomography with technetium-99m pyrophosphate was used to delineate the location and estimate the size of myocardial infarcts in 20 patients with documented acute myocardial infarction. Tomography was performed after planar imaging within 2-5 days after the onset of infarction. Infarct volume was measured from the tomographic images by computerised planimetry and compared with the cumulative release of creatine kinase MB isoenzyme. The planar images showed discrete myocardial uptake in 13 of the 20 patients and diffuse uptake throughout the cardiac region in the remaining seven. In contrast, the tomographic images clearly delineated myocardial uptake by avoiding confusion of myocardial activity with that of surrounding structures, particularly bones, in all patients. For the 10 patients whose infarct size was assessed by analysis of the creatine kinase MB curve there was a close correlation between infarct volume estimated by tomography and by cumulative creatine kinase MB release. Thus emission computed tomography can provide a three dimensional map of technetium-99m pyrophosphate distribution within the heart and is thus able accurately to localise and estimate the size of myocardial infarcts in man. (author)

Renal 99M-technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ajdinovic, B.; Jaukovic, L.; Jankovic, Z.; Krstic, Z.

2004-01-01

99m-Technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) whose ligand was used as a radioprotective agent and as a chelating compound for metal poisoning was reported to be an excellent renal imaging agent. As 99mTc-DMSA concentrates actively in the proximal convoluted tubule, it gives an image functional renal mass. Its integrity is dependent upon several factors, predominently intrarenal blood flow and intact enzyme function.Considering low radiation dose delivered by 99mTc DMSA and wide pediatric use of this radiopharmaceutical we calculate abnormal findings incidence (%).Results of 592 99m Tc-DMSA renal scintigraphy (348 children), which were classified as: 1. normal, 2. probably normal, 3. equivocal, 4. probably abnormal, 5. abnormal, are presented.Normal results were found in 269 patients (45,4%), 25% of whom was normal and 75% probably normal. Equivocal findings were found in 47 patients (7,9%). Abnormal results were presented in 276 patients (82% abnormal, 18% probably abnormal).The highest abnormal findings incidence was found in patients with congenital anomaly (88%), calculosis (87%) and policystic renal disease (79,3%). The lowest abnormal findings percentage was present in patients with urinary tract infection (12,9%) and arterial hypertension (17,3%)The role 99mTc-DMSA renal scintigraphy in pathology is clear in pyelonephrifis, hydronephrotic kidneys, and pediatric disease (urinary tract infections, congenital anomalies) and is confirmed by our results. (authors)

Renal handling of technetium-99m DMSA: Evidence for glomerular filtration and peritubular uptake

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

de Lange, M.J.; Piers, D.A.; Kosterink, J.G.; van Luijk, W.H.; Meijer, S.; de Zeeuw, D.; van der Hem, G.K.

1989-01-01

The finding of an enhanced excretion of [ 99m Tc]dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) in patients with tubular reabsorption disorders prompted us to investigate the role of filtration in the renal handling of [ 99m Tc]DMSA. Our studies in human serum indicated that binding to serum proteins was approximately 90%. Chromatography of human urine and studies in rats showed that the complex was excreted unaltered into the urine. Renal extraction of [ 99m Tc]DMSA in a human volunteer was 5.8%. Continuous infusion of [ 99m Tc]DMSA in 13 individuals with normal renal function gave the following results (mean +/- s.d.): plasma clearance of [ 99m Tc]DMSA 34 +/- 4 ml/min, urinary clearance of [ 99m Tc]DMSA 12 +/- 3 ml/min. The calculated filtered load of [ 99m Tc]DMSA closely resembled the urinary clearance, whereas the plasma clearance was about three times faster. This indicates that peritubular uptake accounts for approximately 65% and filtration for approximately 35% of the renal handling of [ 99m Tc]DMSA

Extraosseous uptake of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate by an acute territorial cerebral infarct in a classical biodistribution pattern

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kannivelu, Anbalagan; Padhy, Ajit Kumar; Srinivasan, Sivasubramanian; Ali, Syed Zama

2013-01-01

Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy is usually performed to assess bone lesions, especially skeletal metastases in patients with a history of malignancy. However, it is important to recognize some specific conditions with a unique pattern of tracer uptake, especially in extraosseous locations as they are not related to primary neoplasm or metastases. Diagnosing such unusual presentation is essential as it significantly influences the clinical management. This case report describes an unusual presentation detected in a bone scan of an elderly female patient, who was a treated case of breast cancer and was referred for a bone scan to rule out bone metastases. Incidentally, a large acute territorial cerebral infarct was diagnosed, which was later confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging on diffusion-weighted images. Diagnosis of the typical presentation and timely management saved the patient life. (author)

Increased technetium-99 m hydroxy diphosphonate soft tissue uptake on bone scintigraphy in chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism: correlation with hyperphosphataemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Enevoldsen, Lotte Hahn; Heaf, James; Højgaard, Liselotte; Zerahn, Bo; Hasbak, Philip

2017-03-01

In bone scan patients with dialysis-treated chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyperparathyroidism, soft tissue accumulation of technetium-99 m hydroxy/methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99 m-HDP/MDP) has been reported primarily in case reports and usually explained by hypercalcaemia and/or hyperphosphataemia. As human vascular smooth muscle cells produce hydroxyapatite during cell culture with increased phosphate levels and as Tc-99 m-HDP/MDP primarily binds to hydroxyapatite, we hypothesized that soft tissue accumulation would be found in patients with hyperphosphataemia. We identified 63 CKD patients diagnosed with secondary hyperparathyroidism admitted for Tc-99 m-HDP bone scan. Baseline characteristics and mean concentrations of biochemical markers (including P-calcium and P-phosphate) taken 0-3 months prior to the bone scans were collected. Soft tissue uptake was detected on bone scans in 37 of 63 (59%) patients. Primary locations were in the heart (27/37 = 73%), muscles (12/37 = 32%), lung (9/37 = 24%) and gastrointestinal tract (6/37 = 16%), and 13 of 37 (35%) patients had simultaneous uptake in more than one location. Regarding biochemical markers, patients with soft tissue uptake only differed from patients without in terms of plasma phosphate levels (1·95 ± 0·15 (n = 37) versus 1·27 ± 0·08 (n = 26), P = 0·0012). All patients with myocardial uptake (n = 27) had a coronary arteriography-verified history of coronary artery disease (CAD), whereas CAD was only present in six of the 36 patients without myocardial uptake. In conclusion, dialysis-treated CKD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism have a high incidence of soft tissue uptake, and this finding is strongly correlated with elevated phosphate, but not calcium values. © 2015 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Technetium-99m radiolabeling of a recombinant dermonecrotic protein (recLiD1) from the Loxosceles venom for biodistribution study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valadares, D.; Felicori, L.; Olortegui, C.C.; Simal, C.; Gouvea dos Santos, R.

2007-01-01

In the present study the recombinant form (recLiD1) of a dermonecrotic protein present in the Brazilian brown spider Loxosceles intermedia venom was labeled with technetium-99m using stannous chloride and sodium borohydride as reducing agents. 99mTc-recLiD 1 kept its biological activity evoking dermonecrotic activity in rabbits. In vivo biodistribution in mice with the radiolabeled recLiD 1 showed high kidney uptake followed by stomach and liver uptakes. Also, we can see that 20% of toxin remaining in the skin after 120 min and once absorbed, 99mTc-recLiD 1 is rapidly cleared from the blood with long-lasting. We also observed one displacement of 99mTc-recLiD 1 by one monoclonal antibody raised against L. intermedia venom that indicates specific interaction with kidney tissue. (author)

Evaluation of technetium-99m/rhenium labelled nucleoside analogues as potential radiotracers in oncology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desbouis, D.

2007-01-01

cell uptake in transfected cancer cells this technetium thymidine complex revealed a low internalisation of 0.03 ± 0.01%ID/(mg/mL). Under the same conditions the [ 3 H]thymidine exhibited an uptake of 1.50 ± 0.02%lD/(mg/mL). In order to gain potency and selectivity for HSV1-TK, the corresponding 5'-carboxamide 5-ethyl-2', 5'-dideoxyuridine was synthesized. The synthesis of the ligand was performed in seven steps from 2'-deoxyuridine. This ligand was then successfully labelled with the fac-M(CO) 3 -core (M = 99m Tc, Re). The rhenium complex was found to be a selective competitive inhibitor of HSV1-TK (K i = 4.56 ± 0.11 μM). Although the cellular uptake of the technetium 2'-deoxyurine complex (0.10 ± 0.01%ID/(mg/mL)) was better than its corresponding technetium thymidine complex, it is still very low compared to thymidine uptake. The second aspect of this work was to develop nucleoside derivatives labelled with technetium-99m/rhenium tricarbonyl core capable of acting as substrates for human cytosolic thymidine kinase (hTKl). hTKl is a target of choice to evaluate cell proliferation due to its overexpression in a variety of cancer cells. [ 18 F]Fluorothymidine [ 18 F]FLT), which acts as a hTKl substrate, has emerged as a very efficient PET tracer for the monitoring of cell proliferation. Our aim was to develop a SPET tracer with the same mode of action as [ 18 F]FLT. We prepared a set of technetium-99m/rhenium complexes of N3 thymidine derivatives with different overall charges (+1, 0 and -1) and variable spacer lengths. The complexes with different overall charges had the same spacer length between chelating system and thymidine moiety (two carbons spacer) while the complexes with different spacer lengths (2, 3, 5 and 10) were all neutral. These compounds were tested for their substrate activity with respect to recombinant hTKl. The phosphorylation rates of neutral and negative complexes were found to be similar, ranging between 15-16% with respect to thymidine

Technetium-99m labeling anti-amastigote polyclonal antibodies of Leishmania amazonensis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araujo, J.G.V.C.; Toledo, V.P.C.P.; Guimaraes, T.M.P.D.; Bernardo-Filho, M.; Simal, C.J.R.; Mota, L.G.; Diniz, S.O.F.; Cardoso, V.N.

2002-01-01

Anti-amastigote polyclonal antibody (IgG) was incubated with solutions of stannous chloride and sodium borohidride. After that, 3.7 MBq of technetium-99m ( 99m Tc) was added. A labeling yield of the antibody about 84% was obtained. After filtration of 99m Tc-IgG, the radiochemical purity increased from 84 to 95%. The labeling of IgG with 99m Tc did not modify the immunoreactivity of the antibody, since it was able to identify in vitro and in vivo the specific antigen of Leishmania amazonensis

Determination of technetium-99 in environmental and radioactive waste samples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferencova, M.; Peter Tkac, P.

2007-01-01

Technetium is known for its high mobility in a soil-water system in non-reducing aerobic condition and also high bio-availability for plants, because the most stable form of technetium in natural surface environment is pertechnetate which is highly soluble. The chemical form of technetium changes with environmental conditions. Concentration of technetium in the environment is very low, therefore many separation steps are needed for technetium determination. It has been developed a method for the routine determination of technetium-99 from environmental matrices and radioactive wastes using technetium-99m as an internal yield monitor. Technetium-99 is extracted from the soil samples with nitric acid. Many contaminants are co-precipitated with ferric hydroxide and technetium in the supernatant is pre-concentrated and further purified using anion exchange chromatography. Final separation of technetium was achieved by extraction with tetraphenylarsonium chloride in chloroform from sulphuric acid or pure water. The chemical yield is determined through the measurement of technetium-99m by scintillation counting system and the technetium-99 activity is measured using proportional counter after decay of the technetium-99m activity. Typical recoveries for this method are in the order 50-60 % (authors)

A comparative technetium 99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime SPET study in different types of dementia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Habert, M O; Piketty, M L; Askienazy, S [Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 75 - Paris (France). Dept. de Medecine Nucleaire; Spampinato, U; Mas, J L; Recondo, J de; Rondot, P [Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 75 - Paris (France). Dept. de Neurologie; Bourdel, M C [Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 75 - Paris (France). Dept. de Psychiatrie

1991-01-01

Regional cerebral perfusion was evaluated by single photon emission tomography (SPET) using technetium 99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime ({sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO) as a tracer, in 13 control subjects and 44 age-matched patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT, n=19) presumed Pick's disease (n=5), idiopathic Parkinson's disease with dementia (DPD, n=15) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, n=5), HMPAO uptake was measured in the superior frontal, inferior frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital cortices, and the perfusion values were expressed as cortical/cerebellar activity ratios. As compared with controls, tracer uptake ratios in the DAT group were signficantly reduced over all cortical regions, with the largest defects in the parieto-temporal and superior frontal cortices. A marked hypoperfusion affecting the superior and inferior frontal cortices was found in Pick's diesease, whereas a mild but significant hypoperfusion was observed only in the superior frontal cortex of patients with PSP. In the DPD group, HMPAO uptake was significantly reduced in the parietal, temporal and occipital cortices, but not in the frontal cortex. These results show that DAT and DPD share the opposite anteroposterior HMPAO uptake defect as compared with the Pick's and PSP groups. (orig.).

An investigation of the effect of the quantity of stannous ion on the quality of technetium-99m labelled albumin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Billinghurst, M.W.; Rempel, S.; Westendorf, B.A.

1981-01-01

The importance of maintaining a low ratio of stannous ion to albumin molecules in order to obtain a high quality technetium-99m labelled albumin is demonstrated. It is further shown that the direct preparation of technetium-99m albumin by reduction of the technetium-99m pertechnetate with stannous ion inevitably leads to the contamination of the product with a certain amount of tin colloid which is also labelled with technetium-99m. It is demonstrated that this can be avoided by utilizing labelling techniques involving the initial formation of other technetium chelates which are less stable than the albumin complex under certain conditions, adding the albumin to that preparation, adjusting the conditions and thus allowing the albumin to become labelled with technetium-99m via an exchange with the original chelating agent. (author)

Study of technetium behaviour in radiopharmaceuticals. Characterization of sup(99m)Tc-pyrophosphate, sup(99m)Tc-dimercaptosuccinate, sup(99m)Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate complexes and sup(99m)Tc-colloidal rhenium sulphide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saccavini, J.-C.

1980-12-01

The chemistry of technetium in extremely dilute solution was approached through the study of three complexing agents and a colloid. By the application of high-performance chromatographic techniques to the analysis of (Tc-pyro), (Tc-DTPA), (Tc-DMSA) complexes it was possible to isolate one or more chelates from a single complexing agent. Addition of pertechnetates to a solution of sodium pyrophosphates and stannous chloride at neutral pH leads to the formation of two complexes, both highly osteotropic. By the use of sup(117m)Sn it was shown that tin employed as reducing agent enters into the composition of one of the two complexes, either of which may be obtained preferentially by varying the (Sn)/(pyro) ratio. With technetium at acid pH (2.5) DMSA gives one or more chelates according to the concentration of the reagents present. DTPA with technetium at neutral pH gives a single complex for which a structure is proposed. The addition of calcium, indispensable for DTPA injection, leads to the appearance of a second bimetallic complex in very much smaller proportions than the first. The size distribution of some colloids was studied by ultrafiltration and permeation on gel. The preparation of colloidal rhenium sulphide and the technetium labelling conditions needed to obtain a very fine colloid were developed. The behaviour of technetium in the presence of colloidal rhenium sulphide and tin pyrophosphate was followed by sup(99m)Tc - sup(186)Re and sup(99m)Tc - sup(117m)Sn double-labelling tests. One reduced technetium fraction associates with the hydrolysed tin, the other follows the rhenium sulphide [fr

Radiolabeling of gemifloxacin with technetium-99m and biological evaluation in artificially Streptococcus pneumoniae infected rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Syed Qaiser Shah; Muhammad Rafiullah Khan

2011-01-01

In the current investigation complexation of the gemifloxacin (GIN) with technetium-99 m ( 99m Tc) and its biological evaluation in artificially Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) infected rats was assessed as potential S. pneumoniae infection radiotracer. Radiochemically the 99m Tc-GIN complex was further analyzed in terms of stability in saline, in vitro stability in serum at 37 deg C, in vitro binding with S. pneumoniae and biodistribution in artificially S. pneumoniae (living and heat killed) infected rats. The complex was found 97.25 ± 0.25% radiochemically stable in saline at 30 min after reconstitution. The stability of the 99m Tc-GIN complex was decreased to 90.50 ± 0.20% within 240 min after reconstitution. In serum the 99m Tc-GIN complex showed stable profile with the appearance of 18.85% free tracer within 16 h of incubation. The 99m Tc-GIN complex showed saturated in vitro binding with S. pneumoniae after different intervals. Almost five fold uptake was observed in living S. pneumoniae infected muscle of the rats as compared to the inflamed and normal muscle. No significant difference in the uptake of heat killed S. pneumoniae infected, inflamed and normal muscles of the rats. The high RCP yield in saline, in vitro permanence in serum, in vitro binding with living S. pneumoniae and biodistribution in artificially S. pneumoniae infected rats we recommend the 99m Tc-GIN as potential S. pneumoniae infection radiotracer. (author)

A method for the preparation of lipophilic macrocyclic technetium-99m complexes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Troutner, D.E.; Volkert, W.A.

1991-01-01

A procedure for the preparation of technetium complexes applicable as diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals is suggested and documented with 27 examples. Technetium-99m is reacted with a suitable complexant selected from the class of alkylenamine oximes containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the alkylene group. The lipophilic macrocyclic complexes possess an amine, amide, carboxy, carboxy ester, hydroxy or alkoxy group or a suitable electron acceptor group. (M.D.). 7 tabs

Detection of esophageal ulcerations with technetium-99m albumin sucralfate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goff, J.S.; Adcock, K.A.; Schmelter, R.

1986-01-01

Technetium-99m albumin-sucralfate ([/sup 99m/Tc]Su) can be used to demonstrate peptic ulcer disease in man and animals. We evaluated the usefulness of [/sup 99m/Tc]Su for detecting various grades of esophagitis. [/sup 99m/Tc]Su adhered to the distal esophagus for up to 3 hr in five of six patients with esophageal ulcers but adhered to only two of nine with lesser degrees of esophagitis. No adherence was seen in five patients without esophagitis. Thus, [/sup 99m/Tc]Su may not be useful for detecting any but the most severe grade of esophagitis. Based on these results, we speculate that the previously documented beneficial effects of sucralfate on mild to moderate esophagitis may be due to other mechanisms besides adherence to the ulcerated mucosa

Detection of esophageal ulcerations with technetium-99m albumin sucralfate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goff, J.S.; Adcock, K.A.; Schmelter, R.

1986-07-01

Technetium-99m albumin-sucralfate ((/sup 99m/Tc)Su) can be used to demonstrate peptic ulcer disease in man and animals. We evaluated the usefulness of (/sup 99m/Tc)Su for detecting various grades of esophagitis. (/sup 99m/Tc)Su adhered to the distal esophagus for up to 3 hr in five of six patients with esophageal ulcers but adhered to only two of nine with lesser degrees of esophagitis. No adherence was seen in five patients without esophagitis. Thus, (/sup 99m/Tc)Su may not be useful for detecting any but the most severe grade of esophagitis. Based on these results, we speculate that the previously documented beneficial effects of sucralfate on mild to moderate esophagitis may be due to other mechanisms besides adherence to the ulcerated mucosa.

Technetium-99m--pyrophosphate bone scans in hyperparathyroidism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wiegmann, T.; Rosenthall, L.; Kaye, M.

1977-01-01

Most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have normal 5-hr bone-to-soft-tissue ratios for /sup 99m/Tc-pyrophosphate. In contrast, all five patients with advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism in this study showed significant (p less than 0.001) increases of bone uptake. In the early period after parathyroidectomy, there was no quantitative or qualitative change in uptake. A limited decrease of bone uptake was observed only after prolonged periods of observation. In itself, parathyroid activity seems to have little direct influence on bone uptake of /sup 99m/Tc-pyrophosphate

Assessment of 99mTc-DMSA renoscintigraphy and uptake compared with creatinine clearance in rats with drug-induced nephrotoxicity, 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamada, Masafumi

1991-01-01

For evaluation of technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid ( 99m Tc-DMSA) renal uptake as an absolute renal function, 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was compared with endogenous creatinine clearance (Ccr) in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. At first, male Wistar rats were given intraperitoneally 1.8 mg/kg/day of cisplatin for periods of 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. On the next day, 99m Tc-DMSA uptake and Ccr were measured. Ccr of 5-day treated group was significantly lower than that of control (0.13±0.10 vs 0.34±0.05 ml/min/100 g; p 99m Tc-DMSA uptake did not change. 99m Tc-DMSA uptake of 7-day treated group was significantly lower than that of control (28.57±7.23 vs 39.84±2.23%; p 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was lower than that of control on the 8th, 11th and 15th day (32.40±3.86, 32.56±1.19, 35.21±2.97 vs 39.84±2.23%, respectively; p 99m Tc-DMSA uptake and Ccr was observed in the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. 99m Tc-DMSA uptake was suggested to be a reliable indicator of a renal function in a different way from Ccr. (author)

Technical problems associated with the production of technetium Tc 99m tin(II) pyrophosphate kits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kowalsky, R.J.; Dalton, D.R.

1981-01-01

The amount of tin(II) required for adequate reduction, complexation, and stability of technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate in radiopharmaceutical kits, and methods of preventing the loss of tin(II) during formulation of these lyophilized kits are investigated. Tin(II) loss from stannous chloride solutions was studied under several conditions, including room air versus nitrogen atmospheres, during vial filling in a laminar-flow hood with samples frozen on dry ice versus samples at room temperature, during lyophilization, and during storage under refrigerated, ambient, and elevated temperatures. Various amounts of stannous chloride, ranging from 5 to 1000 microgram/ml, were used in formulating sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m kits containing 100 mCi technetium Tc 99m and 0.4 microgram total technetium. Samples were removed at various times; hydrolyzed technetium, pertechnetate, and technetium Tc 99m pyrophosphate were isolated on instant thin-layer chromatography-silica gel and quantified with a scintillation counter. The time necessary to deoxygenate distilled water by nitrogen purging was measured. Several sources of stannous chloride were assayed for tin(II) content. Tin(II) loss occurs rapidly in solution (15% in one hour) unless continuously protected with nitrogen, and during vial filling in a laminar-flow hood unless frozen with dry ice. No substantial loss of tin(II) was detected during lyophilization or during storage of lyophilized product at any of the three temperatures. A minimum of 400 microgram tin(II) was required to provide 90% technetium Tc 99m pyrophosphate at six hours after preparation. Adequate deoxygenation of small quantities (450 ml) of water was accomplished in less than one hour. Some stannous chloride salts were highly oxidized in the dry state, and only high-purity elemental tin wire gave acceptable yields of tin

Experimental studies on the uptake of technetium-99 to terrestrial crops

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brown, Joanne; Ewers, Leon [Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England (United Kingdom)

2014-07-01

Technetium-99 has been dispersed in the environment from many sources such as nuclear weapons testing, releases from medical or industrial processes, nuclear power plants and nuclear fuel processing facilities. The pertechnetate ion, {sup 99}TcO{sub 4}{sup -} is the form produced during the nuclear fuel cycle and the most likely to be released into the environment. A recent review published by Public Health England (formerly the Health Protection Agency) found that the availability for the root uptake of technetium into crops depends on whether the technetium is in a chemically non-reduced more plant available form, such as TcO{sub 4}{sup -} or a chemically reduced less plant available form, such as TcO{sub 2}. Based on the review, generic soil to crop transfer factor (TF) values for use in non-site specific UK based radiological assessments were proposed, with the TF value for the reduced form of technetium in crops around a factor of 10 lower than that for the non-reduced form. The implications of the use of different TF values on the activity concentrations in crops and animal products predicted by PHE's food chain model, FARMLAND, for both routine and accidental release situations were explored. Recommendations on the best choice of TF values for use in the model have been given for a range of contamination scenarios. A small scale experimental study has been carried out to provide further evidence that the generic assumption made on the difference between soil-crop TF values for non-reduced and reduced forms of technetium is valid. The study was also designed to establish likely time periods over which the chemical reduction of technetium takes place and to provide additional soil-crop TF values for use in UK based radiological assessments. Soil to crop TFs for crops harvested from loam and peat soils up to 4 months after contamination are about a factor of 10 higher than those seen in soil contaminated more than a year previously, indicating that the

An investigation into the technical feasibility of cyclotron production of technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Egan, G.F.; Lagunas-Solar, M.C.

1994-01-01

The role of technetium-99m in nuclear medicine is well established with 80 per cent to 90 per cent of all nuclear medicine studies utilising this isotope. Technetium-99m is currently produced from nuclear reactors via production of the parent radionuclide molybdenum-99. The reactor production of 99m Tc has both significant financial and environmental costs, with unresolved problems in the areas of radioactive waste disposal and reactor decommissioning. Recent scientific publications have indicated that medical quality 99m Tc may be produced using cyclotrons without having the associated problems of waste disposal and decommissioning. Further scientific research is now required to demonstrate the feasibility of this cyclotron production technique. A collaboration between the Cyclotron and PET Centre, Austin Hospital, the National Medical Cyclotron, ANSTO, Sydney, and the Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, University of California, Davis, USA has been proposed. The general objective of the proposed collaboration is to acquire additional scientific data to evaluate the 99m Tc cyclotron production method and to determine the feasibility of cyclotron technology for Australian nuclear medicine. 16 refs., 2 tabs

Preoperative parathyroid gland localization with technetium-99m sestamibi in secondary hyperparathyroidism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pons, F.; Vidal-Sicart, S.; Fuster, D.; Herranz, R.; Torregrosa, J.V.; Sabater, L.; Fernandez-Cruz, L.

1997-01-01

Technetium-99m sestamibi scintigraphy has become a valuable tool in locating parathyroid glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The aim of this study was to evaluate its usefulness in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Twenty patients were injected intravenously with 740 MBq of 99m Tc-sestamibi and images were obtained at 15 min and 2 h post injection. All patients underwent parathyroid ultrasonography (US) as well as bilateral surgical neck exploration and 64 parathyroid glands were removed. US revealed at least one enlarged gland in 15/20 patients (75%), while 99m Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy showed focal areas of increased uptake in at least one gland in 17/20 patients (85%). When imaging results for all glands were evaluated according to surgical results, sensitivity was 54% for parathyroid scintigraphy and 41% for US, and specificity was 89% for both imaging techniques. There was a discrepancy between the two imaging modalities in 28 glands (35%). The mean surgical weight of US-positive glands (1492±1436 mg) was significantly higher than that of US-negative glands (775±703 mg) (P 99m Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy are complementary imaging techniques in the preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The limited sensitivity of the techniques means that patients will still require bilateral neck exploration; therefore routine preoperative parathyroid scanning in renal patients is not justified. (orig.)

A neutral lipophilic technetium-99m complex for regional cerebral blood flow imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narra, R.K.; Nunn, A.D.; Kuczynski, B.L.; DiRocco, R.J.; Feld, T.; Silva, D.A.; Eckelman, W.C.

1990-01-01

Technetium-99m-DMG-2MP (Chloro[bis[2,3-butanedionedioxime(1-)-0][2,3- butanedionedioximato (2-)-N,N',N double-prime,N'double-prime,N double-prime double-prime,N'double-prime double-prime] (2-methylpropyl borato (2-))technetium]), also known as SQ 32097 is a member of a family of neutral lipophilic compounds generally known as boronic acid adducts of technetium dioxime complexes (BATOs). After i.v. administration, the concentration of [ 99m Tc]DMG-2MP in various regions of the brain appears to be proportional to blood flow. In rats, 1.1% ID was in the brain at 5 min postinjection when the blood contained less than 3% ID. Over 24 hr excretion was 59% in the feces and 23% in the urine. The activity in monkey brain at 5 min was 2.8% ID and it cleared with a t1/2 of 86 min. Autoradiographs of monkey brain sections showed excellent regional detail with a gray/white ratio of 3.6 at 10 min. The distribution of [ 99m Tc]DMG-2MP in the monkey brain corresponds to the known cytoarchitectural pattern of cerebral glucose metabolism. The properties of [ 99m Tc]DMG-2MP make it a potentially useful agent for cerebral perfusion imaging in man

Quantitative analysis of acute myocardial infarction using single photon emission computed tomography using technetium-99m pyrophosphate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujiwara, Yasushi; Kokubu, Tatsuo; Murase, Kenya; Hamamoto, Ken; Itoh, Taketoshi; Doiuchi, Junji; Ochi, Takaaki

1986-09-01

The usefulness of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using technetium-99m pyrophosphate (/sup 99m/Tc-PPi) was evaluated in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction. SPECT was performed with a rotating gamma camera after conventional planar images were made. Infarct size was measured from transaxial images of myocardial pyrophosphate uptakes. In each slice, the boundary was defined by subtracting 70 percent of the maximal counts and the number of voxels automatically counted. This subtraction rate was determined by phantom study and by compraing SPECT using /sup 99m/Tc-PPi with thallium-201-gated myocardial scintigraphy (/sup 201/Tl gated SPECT). The planar images showed diffuse uptakes in two of the 15 patients, and in these cases it was difficult to detect the infarct site. In contrast, SPECT images clearly imaged the infarct site consistent with the electrocardiographic findings, and they were definitely separated from the uptakes in the bones in all cases. Infarct size, ranging from 3.4 ml to 78.3 ml, correlated well with cumulative creatine kinase release (r = 0.84, p < 0.01, y = 772x + 13900). Correlation of infarct size with peak serum creatine kinase level was also significant (r = 0.66, p < 0.01, y = 10.6x + 693). In conclusion, SPECT with /sup 99m/Tc-PPi is a useful means of investigating the spatial distribution of pyrophosphate uptake and of evaluating the size of myocardial infarction.

Method of preparation of technetium-99m labelled radio-diagnostic agents and a stable non radio-active carrier

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1975-01-01

A method of preparing improved technetium-99m labeled radiodiagnostic agents is described by reducing technetium-99m with stannous tartrate. Such radiodiagnostic agents are useful in scintigraphic examinations of the bone and lung

Clinical usefulness of scintigraphy with 99mTechnetium phosphates in rhabdomyolysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aizawa, Nobuyuki; Hara, Yoshikuni; Suzuki, Yutaka; Akashi, Tsunehiro; Kamei, Tetsumasa; Uchiyama, Fujio; Mitsui, Tamito; Yamazaki, Yuki.

1990-01-01

We performed bone scans with 99m Technetium phosphates in 15 cases of clinically suspected rhabdomyolysis admitted to Chigasaki Tokushukai Hospital. Whole body scans were performed within 5 days from the onset of illness or admission. Accumulation of the radioactivity in the skeletal muscle was revealed in 13 of the 15 cases and the involved muscle groups were visualized vividly. Etiologies of rhabdomyolysis were diverse, ranging from malignant syndrome to sepsis. Myocardial concentration was absent in all of the cases. Renal concentration of the isotope was seen in cases where the degree of rhabdomyolysis was higher and renal impairment was present. We conclude that 99m Technetium phosphate bone scan is useful in clinically suspected rhabdomyolysis as a diagnostic test and as a test to localize and quantitate the muscular involvement. (author)

A comparative technetium 99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime SPET study in different types of dementia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Habert, M.O.; Piketty, M.L.; Askienazy, S. (Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 75 - Paris (France). Dept. de Medecine Nucleaire); Spampinato, U.; Mas, J.L.; Recondo, J. de; Rondot, P. (Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 75 - Paris (France). Dept. de Neurologie); Bourdel, M.C. (Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 75 - Paris (France). Dept. de Psychiatrie)

1991-01-01

Regional cerebral perfusion was evaluated by single photon emission tomography (SPET) using technetium 99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime ({sup 99m}Tc-HMPAO) as a tracer, in 13 control subjects and 44 age-matched patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT, n=19) presumed Pick's disease (n=5), idiopathic Parkinson's disease with dementia (DPD, n=15) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, n=5), HMPAO uptake was measured in the superior frontal, inferior frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital cortices, and the perfusion values were expressed as cortical/cerebellar activity ratios. As compared with controls, tracer uptake ratios in the DAT group were signficantly reduced over all cortical regions, with the largest defects in the parieto-temporal and superior frontal cortices. A marked hypoperfusion affecting the superior and inferior frontal cortices was found in Pick's diesease, whereas a mild but significant hypoperfusion was observed only in the superior frontal cortex of patients with PSP. In the DPD group, HMPAO uptake was significantly reduced in the parietal, temporal and occipital cortices, but not in the frontal cortex. These results show that DAT and DPD share the opposite anteroposterior HMPAO uptake defect as compared with the Pick's and PSP groups. (orig.).

Technetium-99m labeled radiodiagnostic agents for liver and bone marrow scanning and method of preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molinski, V.J.; Peacock, F.R.

1977-01-01

An improved technetium-99m labeled colloid and method of preparation comprising reducing technetium-99m with stannous oxalate and stabilizing with sodium phytate are described. This radiodiagnostic agent is useful in the scintigraphic examination of the reticuloendothelial system, particularly the liver. In addition, by autoclaving this product with saline, it becomes a superior bone marrow scanning agent

Technetium-99m HMPAO labeled leukocytes in inflammation imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uno, Kimiichi; Yoshikawa, Kyousan; Imazeki, Keiko; Minoshima, Satoshi; Arimizu, Noboru

1991-01-01

Technetium-99m-HMPAO (Tc-99m-HMPAO) labeled leukocyte imaging was carried out in 19 patients at 3-5 hr after reinjection. There were no side effects noted. Tc-99m leukocyte images showed gall bladder, colon, kidney, and urinary bladder activity in normal distribution as a result of excretion of the eluted Tc-99m complex. They yielded a sensitivity of 93%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 95%. They were correctly positive in 14 out of 19 cases. But one false negative case was seen in a patient with pyonephrosis showing a lack of renal function with decreased renal blood flow. It was concluded that they have some advantages over In-111 leukocyte images, but we have to consider the fact that the ureteral obstruction or the lack of renal function with decreased renal blood flow may result in a false positive or a false negative case. (author)

Sensitivity of technetium-99m-d,1-HMPAO to radiolysis in aqueous solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tubergen, K.; Corlija, M.; Volkert, W.A.; Holmes, R.A.

1991-01-01

The sensitivity of technetium-99m- (99mTc) d,l-HMPAO to radiolytically induced dissociation in aqueous solutions was investigated. It was found that cobalt-60 (60Co) gamma irradiation of solutions containing 99mTc-d,l-HMPAO with only 1600 cGy reduced the lipophilic chelates' radiochemical purity (RCP) to 50%-60%. The radiolytic sensitivity of 99mTc-meso-HMPAO is significantly lower. The results indicate that radiolytically produced intermediates limit the in vitro stability of 99mTc-d,l-HMPAO

Automation drying unit molybdenum-zirconium gel radioisotope production technetium-99M for nuclear medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chakrova, Y.; Khromushin, I.; Medvedeva, Z.; Fettsov, I.

2014-01-01

Full text : Since 2001 the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan has began production of radiopharmaceutical based on technetium-99m from irradiated reactor WWR-K of natural molybdenum, which allows to obtain a solution of technetium-99m of the required quality and high volume activity. In 2013 an automated system is started, which is unique and urgent task is to develop algorithms and software in Python, as well as the manufacture of certain elements of technological systems for automated production

Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with technetium99m-MIBI in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in women

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peix, A.T.; Chacon, D.; Ponce, F.; Torres, M.; Llerena, L.; Lopez, A.; Cabrera, O.; Maltas, A.M.; Carrillo, R.

2002-01-01

Aim: To assess the value of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy for coronary artery disease (CAD) in women, we compared the results of a technetium99m-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) scintigraphy with those of a coronary angiography in a group of women referred for evaluation of chest pain. Material and Methods: Twenty women, 15 of them postmenopausal, were included. A 99m Tc-MIBI myocardial scintigraphy with one-day protocol (rest-stress) was performed. When needed, a combined stress (ergometric plus dipyridamole) was used. Both qualitative and quantitative regional uptake analysis was done. In patients with normal coronary arteries and positive myocardial scintigraphies, measurements were made of serum cholesterol and triglycerides (CHOD-PAD enzymatic colorimetric test), and lipoprotein(a) -Lp(a)- (BioSCREEN Lp(a) method). Results: Change in regional uptake (stress/rest) was as follows: during stress 99m Tc-MIBI, 116 segments had normal uptake (from 93±9% to 94±7%), 52 had moderately reduced uptake (from 67±9% to 75±17%), and 12 had severely reduced uptake (from 33±9% to 64±28%). Qualitative and quantitative analysis coincided in 18 cases. The two non-coincident cases were patients in whom qualitative analysis and coronary angiography were normal, but on quantitative analysis it appeared a reversible defect in one case and a 'reverse redistribution' pattern in the other. Breast attenuation defects were detected in four cases. Myocardial scintigraphy and coronary angiography coincided in 70% cases (figure). The remainder 30% was constituted by patients with positive scintigraphy and normal coronary arteries; among these cases, the 71% were postmenopausal and had systolic hypertension, chest pain at rest, positive ergometric test and hypercholesterolemia (table). Conclusion: We concluded that 99m Tc-MIBI myocardial scintigraphy can help in the CAD diagnosis in postmenopausal women

Evaluating microvascular obstruction after acute myocardial infarction using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and 201-thallium and 99m-technetium pyrophosphate scintigraphy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Onishi, Takayuki; Kobayashi, Isshi; Onishi, Yuko; Kawashima, Tomoyuki; Muramoto, Hirotaka; Nakamura, Hiroaki; Nagata, Yasutoshi; Umezawa, Shigeo; Niwa, Akihiro

2010-01-01

Few studies have compared the ability of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with that of scintigraphy using 201-thallium (201-Tl) and 99m-technetium pyrophosphate (99m-Tc PYP) to evaluate microvascular obstructions (MOs). In the present study the relationship between the scintigraphic and CMR characteristics of MOs after acute myocardial infarction (MI) was examined. The 14 patients (age 69±8 years, 11 males) underwent 201-Tl/99m-Tc PYP single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) 7±3 days, initial CMR 16±12 days, and follow-up CMR 193±20 days after a reperfused first acute MI. Each image was analyzed using a 17-segment model. Segmental extent of delayed enhancement (DE), wall motion (WM) and degree of 201-Tl uptake were scored in 238 segments. Of 91 MI segments, MO was recognized in 22 (25%) segments on CMR. WM was significantly better in proportion to 201-Tl uptake (P=0.01) in MO segments. All 8 MO segments with WM improvement at follow-up had 99m-Tc PYP uptake, although only 3 (21%) of 14 MO segments that did not show WM improvement at follow-up had 99m-Tc PYP uptake (P=0.001). 99m-Tc PYP and 201-Tl scintigraphy have the potential to predict WM status and improvement of the MO region after reperfused acute MI. (author)

Non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: impaired myocardial energy metabolism in regions with reduced 99mTc-MIBI accumulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Moka, D; Baer, F M; Theissen, P; Schneider, C A; Dietlein, M; Erdmann, E; Schicha, H

2001-05-01

Reduced regional technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) accumulation in patients with chronic non-Q-wave infarction (NQWI) but without significant coronary artery stenosis indicates non-transmural damage of the myocardial wall. The aim of this study was to characterise cardiac energy metabolism after NQWI using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and to compare the biochemical remodelling with changes in regional 99mTc-MIBI uptake and with morphological and functional parameters assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fifteen patients with a history of NQWI, exclusion of significant coronary artery stenosis (energy metabolism. Spectroscopic measurements were performed in the infarct-related myocardial region. Corresponding gradient-echo MR images and myocardial 99mTc-MIBI single-photon emission tomography images were acquired for exact localisation of the infarct region. All examinations were performed at rest under anti-ischaemic medication. Data were compared with those of patients in whom coronary artery disease had been excluded by angiography (group B, n=10). All patients of group A displayed anterior wall hypokinesia in the infarcted area on both ventriculography and MRI, with a reduced myocardial accumulation of 99mTc-MIBI (66.3%+/-11.8% vs 95.6%+/-2.2% in group B). The mean wall thickness during the complete cardiac cycle (9.5+/-1.8 mm vs 13.1+/-1.1 mm in group B, Penergy metabolism.

Synthesis, radiochromatography and biodistribution of Tc99m-hexakis-(methoxyisonitrile)-technetium(I) complexes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Angelberger, P.; Zbiral, E.

1987-09-01

Following previous experience with Tc-99m-hexakis(t-butyl-isonitrile)-technetium(I) (Tc99m-tBiN) synthetic routes to the new ligands a) 1-methoxypropyl-2-isonitrile (MPiN) and b) 2-methoxy-2-methylpropyl-1-isonitrile(MiBiN) were developed via dehydration of the corresponding formamides. Formamide (a) was prepared from the available amine (a) while formamide (b) was synthesised by a difficult 5 step sequence starting from tert.2,2,2-trichlorobutanol. Product MPiN and MiBiN was purified by vacuum distillation and characterized by elemental analysis, IR- and NMR-spectra. A labeling method was developed based on earlier work with Tc99m-tBiN :the pure isonitrile ligand in ethanolic/aqueous solution was complexed at elevated temperature with reduced Tc-99m formed in situ with dithionite at alkaline pH. The whole reaction mixture was subjected to preparative HPLC leading to identification by UV-absorption and isolation of pure n.c.a. Tc99m-MPiN (A) and Tc99m-MiBiN (B) free of unreacted ligand. Work-up of the isolated peak resulted in an injectable product (overall radiochemical yield ∼80% within ∼40 min total preparation time) which was further controlled by TLC (radiochemical purity >97%, in vitro stability >6 hrs). Biodistribution in mice compared to identical data obtained with Tc99m-tBiN revealed somewhat higher heart uptake, slightly lower lung but significantly lower liver activity and renders these new Tc99m-compounds highly promising for myocardinal perfusion studies in man. 11 refs., 5 figs. (Author)

Technetium-99m ceftizoxime kit preparation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simone Odília Fernandes Diniz

2005-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work was to prepare a kit of 99mTc-ceftizoxime (99mTc-CFT, with stability and biological activity preserved, able to identify a septic focus (E. coli in the experimental infection model in rats. The preparation of the CFT kit involved the use of lyophilized solutions containing the antibiotic ceftizoxime and the sodium dithionite reducing agent (6.0 mg/mL. After lyophilization, the kit was reconstituted with 1.0 mL of sodium 99mTc-pertechnetate solution (Na99mTcO4- with an activity of 370 MBq. The solution was boiled for 10 min and filtered through a cellulose ester filter. The labeling efficiency was on the order of 92%, remaining stable for six hours and the kit remained stable for two months. The biological activity of the 99mTc-CFT was evaluated by diffusion in agar impregnated with E.coli and S. aureus. Seven Wistar rats, weighing from 200 to 250 g, were used for the development of the septic focus. After 24 hours from the induction of the infectious site (E.coli, the animals were anesthetized and 0.1 mL of 99mTc-CFT (37 MBq was injected into the tail veins of the animals. The images were obtained with a gamma camera one, two and six hours after injection and the regions of interest (ROIs were calculated. The diameters of the inhibition halos for 99mTc-CFT were 27.16 ± 0.23 and 27.17 ± 0.20 for S.aureus and E.coli, respectively, while those for the unlabeled CFT were 30.4 ± 0.33 and 29.43 ± 0.26, respectively. The results for the biodistribution of 99mTc-CFT in infected animals furnished a ratio of 1.97 ± 0.31, 2.10 ± 0.42 and 2.01 ± 0.42 for cpm-target/cpm-no target for the one, two and six-hour periods, respectively. The images showed a clear uptake of labeled antibiotic (99mTc-CFT by the infectious site during the experiment. The results attest to the viability of producing a kit with 99m technetium-labeled ceftizoxime for the investigation of infectious processes.O objetivo deste trabalho foi preparar um kit de Tc

Technetium-99m-Sestamibi in the diagnosis of acute chest pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gilleece, T.; Salehi, N.; Better, N.

1998-01-01

Full text: A 45-year-old male was admitted to coronary care with a two-day history of recurrent chest pain. Despite maximal medical therapy, pain persisted. Examination and ECG with pain, were normal, suspicion of ischaemia was moderately high but coronary angiography was not immediately available. Technetium-99m-Sestamibi was prepared at the start of the day according to the standard preparation protocol (Du Pont). Coronary Care informed the Nuclear Medicine Department immediately the patient experienced a further episode of chest pain. Technetium-99m-Sestamibi was administered in coronary care, 4.30 minutes after being advised of the onset of further chest pain. Images were acquired 60 minute post-injection; 15 minutes after the patient had been given 200 mL of milk. A triple-headed gamma camera was used to acquire SPECT images over a 1200 arc, 30 frames of 30 seconds using a 64 x 64 matrix. The patient was laying prone with arms raised out of the field of view. Images showed a normal distribution of technetium-99m -Sestamibi throughout the myocardium. Due to ongoing clinical suspicion by the treating physician, coronary angiography was subsequently performed. This showed normal coronary arteries. Medical therapy was ceased and the patient discharged the next day. We concluded that the chest pain at the time of injection was not ischaemic. Previous trials had shown a 95% sensitivity for this method of diagnosing ischaemia. This method permits a novel and simple technique for diagnosing myocardial ischaemia and obviating the need for cardiac catheterization in this group of patients

Impaired exercise-related myocardial uptake of technetium-99m-tetrofosmin in relation to coronary narrowing and diabetic state

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sasao, Hisataka; Nakata, Tomoaki; Tsuchihashi, Kazufumi; Wakabayashi, Takeru; Nakahara, Norifumi; Doi, Atsushi; Hashimoto, Akiyoshi; Kobayashi, Hiroshi; Shimamoto, Kazuaki

2001-01-01

Despite the diagnostic efficacy of stress myocardial perfusion imaging, the correlation between the actual perfusion tracer activity and diseased state of a coronary artery has not been studied in detail. We estimated exercise-related perfusion augmentation in relation to disease states of a coronary artery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients by a newly developed quantitative technetium (Tc)-99m-tetrofosmin myocardial imaging technique. Tc-99m-tetrofosmin tomographic imaging with an exercise-rest protocol was performed in 26 stable coronary patients and in 8 age-matched controls. Percent increase (%IR) in myocardial count during symptom-limited submaximal exercise-stress was calculated in 16 non-infarcted polar map segments and in each coronary territory by a subtraction technique with corrections for physical decay and injected tracer doses, and the results were compared with those of angiographically quantified coronary diameter stenosis (%DS). Percent IR and peak heart rate during exercise showed a positive linear correlation both in coronary territories with significant stenosis (%DS≥75%) and in control or non-stenotic (%DS<75%) territories. The regression line in stenotic regions was, however, significantly (p<0.01) shifted downward compared to that in non-stenotic regions. Percent IR in stenotic regions showed a significant inverse correlation with %DS. Coronary stenosis of 75% or more was identified by a %IR cutoff value of 40% with 77% sensitivity, 70% specificity, and an accuracy of 72%. In coronary territories with a %DS of less than 75%, %IR in diabetic patients was significantly lower (46±15%) than that in non-diabetic patients (61±25%). Thus, blunted exercise-related augmentation of myocardial uptake of Tc-99m-tetrofosmin correlates with the severity of coronary narrowing and diabetic state. (author)

Evaluation of technetium-99m/rhenium labelled nucleoside analogues as potential radiotracers in oncology[Dissertation 17173

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Desbouis, D

2007-07-01

). This compound also exhibited a mixed inhibition of the hTK1 with K{sub ic} = 73 {+-} 20 {mu}M. When tested in vitro for cell uptake in transfected cancer cells this technetium thymidine complex revealed a low internalisation of 0.03 {+-} 0.01%ID/(mg/mL). Under the same conditions the [{sup 3}H]thymidine exhibited an uptake of 1.50 {+-} 0.02%lD/(mg/mL). In order to gain potency and selectivity for HSV1-TK, the corresponding 5'-carboxamide 5-ethyl-2', 5'-dideoxyuridine was synthesized. The synthesis of the ligand was performed in seven steps from 2'-deoxyuridine. This ligand was then successfully labelled with the fac-M(CO){sub 3}-core (M = {sup 99m}Tc, Re). The rhenium complex was found to be a selective competitive inhibitor of HSV1-TK (K{sub i} = 4.56 {+-} 0.11 {mu}M). Although the cellular uptake of the technetium 2'-deoxyurine complex (0.10 {+-} 0.01%ID/(mg/mL)) was better than its corresponding technetium thymidine complex, it is still very low compared to thymidine uptake. The second aspect of this work was to develop nucleoside derivatives labelled with technetium-99m/rhenium tricarbonyl core capable of acting as substrates for human cytosolic thymidine kinase (hTKl). hTKl is a target of choice to evaluate cell proliferation due to its overexpression in a variety of cancer cells. [{sup 18}F]Fluorothymidine [{sup 18}F]FLT), which acts as a hTKl substrate, has emerged as a very efficient PET tracer for the monitoring of cell proliferation. Our aim was to develop a SPET tracer with the same mode of action as [{sup 18}F]FLT. We prepared a set of technetium-99m/rhenium complexes of N3 thymidine derivatives with different overall charges (+1, 0 and -1) and variable spacer lengths. The complexes with different overall charges had the same spacer length between chelating system and thymidine moiety (two carbons spacer) while the complexes with different spacer lengths (2, 3, 5 and 10) were all neutral. These compounds were tested for their

Technetium-99m DTPA renal flow studies in Goldblatt hypertension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nally, J.V.; Clarke, H.S.; Windham, J.P.; Grecos, G.P.; Gross, M.L.; Potvin, W.J.

1985-01-01

Computer-assisted dynamic renal studies were performed on a group of 14 mongrel dogs before and after the induction of unilateral renal artery stenosis. Ninety-second technetium-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid ([/sup 99m/Tc]DTPA), 15-min [/sup 99m/Tc]DTPA, and 30-min iodine-131 orthoiodohippurate ([ 131 I]hippuran) time-activity curves were analyzed and correlated with reduction of renal blood flow as measured by electromagnetic flow probe and PAH clearance techniques. For blood flow reductions greater than 33%, the [/sup 99m/Tc]DTPA studies were judged diagnostic of unilateral renal artery stenosis in all cases, whereas the [ 131 I]hippuran time-activity curves were indicative of stenosis in only six of ten studies. Thus, in this model we find the computer-assisted 90-sec [/sup 99m/Tc]DTPA renal flow study to be superior to conventional [ 131 I]hippuran renography in the diagnosis of moderate-to-serve unilateral renal artery stenosis

Technetium-99m-sestamibi scintigraphy in breast nodes; Estudo cintilografico de nodulos mamarios com tecnecio-99m-sestamibi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pellini, Marcos Pinto; Fonseca, Lea Mirian Barbosa da [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina; Balen, Jacir Luiz; Fabricio, Maria Ines Menescal [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Medicina. Inst. de Ginecologia; Amarante Junior, Jose Luiz de Medeiros

1997-01-01

The purpose was to was to determine if technetium-99m-sestamibi accumulates preferentially within the malignant palpable nodes of breast. Twenty-five patients, mean age 36.16 ({+-} 9.34) year, and without any other additional information, underwent breast scintigraphy and excisional biopsy. We had nineteen true-negative cases, four true-positive, two false-positive and none false-negative. Sensitivity, 100% specificity, 90.5%, accuracy, 92%; PPV, 66.7%, NPV, 100%. The four true positive were invasive intraductal carcinomas and one of them metastases in auxiliary lymph-nodes, confirmed in biopsy and well defined in scintigraphy. The two false-positives were a fibroadenoma with high cellularity and a fibrodisplasy surrounded by chronic inflammatory process. Two statistical tests were applied: chi-square and Fisher. Both rejected the antithesis at a confidence interval of 99% (p , 0.01) We concluded that technetium-99-sestamibi accumulates preferentially within the malignant nodes of breast. (author) 17 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

Labeling of thymine with 99m technetium: a suggestion of a chemical model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gutfilen, Bianca; Silva, Claudia Ribeiro da; Bernardo Filho, Mario; Ribeiro, Barbara Luzia Almeida; Mattos, Maura Ferreira

1996-01-01

Successful targeting of diagnose but also to stage cancer. It has been shown that certain tumor cells are permeable to low level of exogenous adenosine-diphosphate and adenosine-triphosphate nucleotides, that are incorporated into intracellular pools. We present the labeling of a nucleotide precursor, a base, thymine technetium-99m ( 99m Tc). (author)

Labeling of Tannic Acid with Technetium-99m for Diagnosis of Stomach Ulcer

OpenAIRE

Ibrahim, I. T.; El-Tawoosy, M.; Talaat, H. M.

2011-01-01

Tannic acid is a polyphenolic compound that could be labeled with technetium-99m. To produce about 90% yield of  99mTc-tannic acid in acidic media (pH), the conditions required were 150  g tin chloride, 30 min reaction time, and 200  g of the substrate. 99mTc-tannic was stable for 6 h. Oral biodistribution of 99mTc-tannic showed that it concentrated in the stomach ulcer to reach about 50% of the total injected dose at 1 h after orall administration. This concentration of 99mTc-tannic in s...

Detection of unstable angina by /sup 99m/technetium pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdulla, A.M.; Canedo, M.I.; Cortez, B.C.; McGinnis, K.D.; Wilhelm, S.K.

1976-01-01

/sup 99m/Technetium stannous pyrophosphate has been shown to accumulate in acutely infarcted myocardium. To determine if the isotope is also taken up by severely ischemic, but not necrotic myocardium, we performed myocardial scintigraphic studies in 17 patients with chest pains. Seven of the patients satisfied conventional clinical, electrocardiographic, and laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of unstable angina and showed no electrocardiographic or enzymatic evidence of myocardial necrosis. Five of these seven patients with unstable angina demonstrated abnormal localized patterns, and one showed a borderline picture. Myocardial scintiscans were normal in all of a control group of ten patients with stable angina. Thus, scanning with /sup 99m/technetium stannous pyrophosphate is shown to be of value in the objective demonstration of myocardial abnormality in unstable angina

Clinical usefulness of scintigraphy with sup 99m Technetium phosphates in rhabdomyolysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aizawa, Nobuyuki; Hara, Yoshikuni (Shonan Kamakura Hospital, Kanagawa (Japan)); Suzuki, Yutaka; Akashi, Tsunehiro; Kamei, Tetsumasa; Uchiyama, Fujio; Mitsui, Tamito; Yamazaki, Yuki

1990-08-01

We performed bone scans with {sup 99m}Technetium phosphates in 15 cases of clinically suspected rhabdomyolysis admitted to Chigasaki Tokushukai Hospital. Whole body scans were performed within 5 days from the onset of illness or admission. Accumulation of the radioactivity in the skeletal muscle was revealed in 13 of the 15 cases and the involved muscle groups were visualized vividly. Etiologies of rhabdomyolysis were diverse, ranging from malignant syndrome to sepsis. Myocardial concentration was absent in all of the cases. Renal concentration of the isotope was seen in cases where the degree of rhabdomyolysis was higher and renal impairment was present. We conclude that {sup 99m}Technetium phosphate bone scan is useful in clinically suspected rhabdomyolysis as a diagnostic test and as a test to localize and quantitate the muscular involvement. (author).

Rapid preparation method for technetium-99m bicisate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hung, J.C. [Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (United States); Chowdhury, S. [Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (United States); Redfern, M.G. [Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (United States); Mahoney, D.W. [Section of Biostatistics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (United States)

1997-06-10

The method currently recommended for the preparation of technetium-99m bicisate ({sup 99m}Tc-bicisate) requires a lengthy 30-min incubation at room temperature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an alternative method to shorten the preparation time. {sup 99m}Tc-bicisate was prepared with 3.7 GBq (100 mCi) {sup 99m}Tc according to the manufacturer`s instructions, except for the final incubation step, which was replaced with the microwave heating procedure. A standard thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method (i.e., Baker-Flex silica gel IB-F TLC plate with ethyl acetate as mobile phase) was used for the determination of the radiochemical purity (RCP) of {sup 99m}Tc-bicisate. Our evaluation with different microwave heating processes (300 W with different heating times) demonstrated that as the microwave heating temperature was increased (i.e., 44 -71 C), an increased percentage of samples reached 95% within 5 min post preparation (n=58). The highest RCP value (i.e., 97.4%{+-}0.5%, n=10) could be obtained immediately after an 8-s microwave heating time at 300 W (microwave temperature at 69 C), and an average RCP value of 96.4%{+-}1.3% (n=90) was maintained throughout the 24-h evaluation period. However, the trend seemed to reverse at higher microwave temperatures (i.e., 76 -90 C), which reconfirmed our initial findings that overheating had no benefit for the preparation of {sup 99m}Tc-bicisate. To ensure that temperature was the only determining factor, a hot water incubator set at 69 C was used (n=6). Similar RCP results were achieved. In conclusion, the use of a microwave oven at a low heat cycle provides a rapid and efficient way to prepare {sup 99m}Tc-bicisate. (orig.). With 3 figs., 1 tab.

Application values of 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile imaging for differentiating benign and malignant thymic masses.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Chenghui; Wang, Xufu; Liu, Bin; Liu, Xinfeng; Wang, Guoming; Zhang, Qin

2017-08-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the application value of 99m Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) imaging to differentiate between benign and malignant thymic masses. A total of 32 patients with space-occupying mediastinal masses were enrolled and early and delayed-phase images were collected following injection with the imaging agent. The tumor to background ratio (T/N) values at the different phases were also recorded. The sensitivity of the qualitative analysis to distinguish between benign and malignant thymic masses was 95.24%, with specificity as 90.91%. The T/N values in the early and delayed phases were not significantly different in the group with benign thymic masses, but demonstrated statistical significant differences in the groups with low- and intermediate-grade malignant thymic masses. The T/N values at the above early and delayed phase were significantly different between the benign and low-grade malignancy groups, as well as between low- and moderate-grade malignancy groups. Those between the benign and moderate-grade malignancy groups demonstrated no significant difference. 99m Tc-MIBI imaging was able to differentiate between benign and malignant thymic masses, and the simultaneous semi-quantitative analysis of the T/N values of the tumors may be able to initially determine the degree of malignancy of thymoma.

Labelling of 5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid with Technetium-99m: biodistribution study in Swiss mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simoes, Susana B.E.; Oliveira, Marcia B.N. de; Gutfilen, Bianca; Bernardo-Filho, Mario; Alves, Andreia Coelho; Machado-Silva, Jose R.

1996-01-01

The 5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (phenobarbital) is used as a sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant drug. We decided to label it with technetium-99m. In order to determine the optimal conditions, different concentrations of this drug were incubated with various stannous chloride solutions. Then, 99m Tc was added and chromatography was performed using 0.9% NaCl solution, acetone and n-butyl alcohol as the mobile phase. Using a solution of 0.01 mg/ml stannous chloride and 1.0 mg/ml phenobarbital over 92% of the radioactivity bound to phenobarbital 99m Tc-phenobarbital. In the biodistribution study, 99m Tc-phenobarbital was administered in mice intraperitoneal. The main uptake of the labeled drug was in the liver, blood, kidneys, spleen and stomach. The phenobarbital is also used as anesthetic drug in animals. Earlier studies confirm that this drug can dislocate the adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni to mesenteric vein towards the liver and portal vein, so that we used infected animals, radioactivity was not found in isolated worms and we can conclude that the phenobarbital has an indirect action in relation to the displacement of the worms. (author)

PREDICTION OF RELAPSE FROM HYPERTHYROIDISM FOLLOWING ANTITHYROID MEDICATION WITHDRAWAL USING TECHNETIUM THYROID UPTAKE SCANNING.

Science.gov (United States)

Nakhjavani, Manouchehr; Abdollahi, Soraya; Farzanefar, Saeed; Abousaidi, Mohammadtagi; Esteghamati, Alireza; Naseri, Maryam; Eftekhari, Mohamad; Abbasi, Mehrshad

2017-04-02

Technetium thyroid uptake (TTU) is not inhibited by antithyroid drugs (ATD) and reflects the degree of thyroid stimulation. We intended to predict the relapse rate from hyperthyroidism based on TTU measurement. Out of 44 initially enrolled subjects, 38 patients aged 41.6 ± 14.6 with Graves disease (duration: 84 ± 78 months) completed the study. TTU was performed with 40-second imaging of the neck and mediastinum 20 minutes after injection of 1 mCi technetium-99m pertechnetate. TTU was measured as the percentage of the count of activity accumulated in the thyroidal region minus the mediastinal background uptake to the count of 1 mCi technetium-99m under the same acquisition conditions. Then methimazole was stopped and patients were followed. The optimal TTU cutoff value for Graves relapse prediction was calculated using Youden's J statistic. Hyperthyroidism relapsed in 11 (28.9%) patients 122 ± 96 (range: 15-290) days post-ATD withdrawal. The subjects in remission were followed for 209 ± 81 days (range: 88-390). TTU was significantly higher in patients with forthcoming relapse (12.0 ± 8.0 vs. 3.9 ± 2.0, P = .007). The difference was significant after adjustment for age, sex, history of previous relapse, disease duration, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels before withdrawal. The area under the receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.87. The optimal TTU cutoff value for classification of subjects with relapse and remission was 8.7 with sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of 73%, 100%, 100%, and 90%, respectively (odds ratio [OR] = 10.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4-29.3). TTU evaluation in hyperthyroid patients receiving antithyroid medication is an accurate and practical method for predicting relapse after ATD withdrawal. ATD = antithyroid drugs RIU = radio-iodine uptake TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone TSI = thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin TTU = technetium thyroid uptake.

Clinical comparison of cardiac blood pool visualization with technetium-99m red blood cells labeled in vivo and with technetium-99m human serum albumin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thrall, J.H.; Freitas, J.E.; Swanson, D.; Rogers, W.L.; Clare, J.M.; Brown, M.L.; Pitt, B.

1978-01-01

Technetium-99m red blood cells (Tc-RBC) labeled by an in vivo technique were compared with two preparations of Tc-99m human serum albumin (HSA) for cardiac blood-pool imaging. Relative distribution of the tracers was analyzed on end-diastolic frames of gated blood-pool studies and on whole-body (head to mid-thigh) anterior pinhole images. The Tc-RBC demonstrated greater relative percentage localization in the cardiac blood pool, higher target-to-background ratios in the left ventricle, and less liver concentration. For cardiac blood-pool imaging, Tc-RBC labeled by the in vivo approach appears to be superior to the two Tc-HSA preparations studied

Labeling of thymine with {sup 99m} technetium: a suggestion of a chemical model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gutfilen, Bianca; Silva, Claudia Ribeiro da; Bernardo Filho, Mario [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Biologia. Dept. de Biofisica e Biometria; Ribeiro, Barbara Luzia Almeida [Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro de Pesquisa Basica; Mattos, Maura Ferreira [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Quimica

1996-03-01

Successful targeting of diagnose but also to stage cancer. It has been shown that certain tumor cells are permeable to low level of exogenous adenosine-diphosphate and adenosine-triphosphate nucleotides, that are incorporated into intracellular pools. We present the labeling of a nucleotide precursor, a base, thymine technetium-99m ({sup 99m} Tc). (author)

Acetylsalicylic acid and labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fonseca, Adenilson de Souza da [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia; Frydman, Jacques Natan Grinapel; Rocha, Vanessa Camara da; Bernardo-Filho, Mario [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes. Dept. de Biofisica e Biometria

2005-10-15

Acetylsalicylic acid is the drug most used an anti-inflammatory agent and for secondary prevention of thrombotic phenomenon. Drugs can modify the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99m Tc). The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of in vitro or in vivo assays with acetylsalicylic acid on the labeling of the blood constituents with 99m Tc. In vitro assay was performed with samples of whole blood from Wistar rats incubated with acetylsalicylic acid (1.0 mg/ml) for one hour before the 99m Tc-labeling process. For in vivo assay, Wistar rats were treated with acetylsalicylic acid (1.5 mg/kg) during one hour, and the whole blood was withdrawn for the 99m Tc-labeling process. Saline was used in control groups. Data showed that the fixation of 99m Tc to the blood constituents was not significantly (p>0.05) modified in in vitro and in vivo assays with acetylsalicylic acid, at least not when the experiments were carried out with the doses normally used in human beings. (author)

Radioiodine therapy for Plummer's disease based on the thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meller, J.; Wisheu, S.; Behe, M.; Gratz, S.; Becker, W.

2000-01-01

The aim of this retrospective study was the evaluation of a TcTUs (global technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid uptake under suppression)-based approach in 370 patients with thyroid autonomy (Plummer's disease) treated by radioiodine therapy (RIT) under standardised conditions. The analysis included 370 patients (309 females, 61 males; mean age 64±11.6 years) treated for thyroid autonomy [unifocal (UFA), 36.8%; multifocal (MFA), 55.7%; disseminated (DISA), 7.6%]. During RIT all patients were under thyroid suppression (TSH 0.5 μU/l and/or TcTUs 4 μU/ml). A dose of 350-450 Gy to the autonomous tissue resulted in a success rate of 97% in the UFA group and 81% in the MFA/DISA group. Decrease in total thyroid volume and TcTUs did not differ significantly between successfully treated patients and patients with persistent autonomy. Multivariate analysis of all 370 patients identified four independent factors that negatively influenced the therapeutic success: high pretherapeutic thyroid volume (P=0.0001; odds ratio: 1.017), high pretherapeutic TcTUs values (P=0.0001; odds ratio: 1.378), multifocal/disseminated autonomy (P=0.0056; odds ratio: 3.245) and low target dose (P=0.017; odds ratio: 0.997). It is concluded that the high success rate in the treatment of UFA indicates the concept of TcTUs-based RIT to be valid, but that in the therapy of MFA/DISA the target se has to be corrected if the total thyroid volume exceeds a critical threshold. (orig.)

Mismatched uptake of Tc-99m-ECD and Tc-99m-HMPAO in subacute cerebral infarction: Tc-99m-ECD for viability and Tc-99m-HMPAO for flow restoration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, D. S.; Hyun, I. Y.; Kim, S. K. [College of Medicine, Seoul National Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)] [and others

1997-07-01

Tc-99m-HMPAO reflects tissue perfusion but Tc-99m-ECD uptake is affected by tissue viability in addition to tissue perfusion which the varied state of cellular retention of Tc-99m-ECD reflects. Luxuriously perfused area on Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT implies that this cortex was already reperfused either spontaneously or after thrombolysis and that accompanied paralysis of vascular reactivity in those zones warms progressive deterioration. We tried to find out if we can use sequential Tc-99m-ECD/Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT to reveal cortical perfusion and severity and range of risky areas of cerbral cortex despite reperfusion in sub-acute infarction. In 13 patients (M ; F =7 : 6, mean age 57 (range: 26-84)) with cortical (n=12) and basal ganglia infarction (1), we performed sequential Tc-99m-ECD/Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT at the same position. At first, 555 MBq of Tc-99m-ECD was injected and imaged and then 1110 MBq of Tc-99m-HMPAO was injected again and imaged with the patients in situ, and the first image (Tc-99m-ECD) and the subtracted image (2nd- 1st : Tc-99m-HMPAO) were compared slice by slice. Study was done from 3 days to 31 days (16{+-}9) after ictus. Tc-99m-ECD uptake was always less than or equal to Tc-99m-HMPAO uptake at the lesion in all cases. Luxury perfusion was prominent in four patients. Mismatched uptake was found in 10 patients. Severity of mismatch showed diverse spectrum and was ranged from total middle cerebral artery territory (1 case) to peripheral thin zones around infarction (2 cases). The other 7 showed intermediate amount of tissues with mismatch , i.e., Tc-99m-ECD defects where Tc-99m-HMPAO uptake is in part increased, normal or decreased. Upon discharge, patients having more uptake with Tc-99m-ECD predicted improvement. Patients having mismatched uptake went dichotomous way. In conclusion, Tc-99m-ECD/Tc-99m-HMPAO sequential SPECT is feasible and reveal both tissue perfusion (Tc-99m-HMPAO ) and discrepant Tc-99m-ECD uptake probably reflecting viability in acute

Risk analysis applied to the production of generators of Molybdenum-99/Technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez, Daniel; Torres, Antonio; Henriquez, Jorge R.; Soria, Miguel A.; Ayra, Fernando E.

2017-01-01

Radionuclide Technetium-99m is the most used today, so that their production is vital to the branches of health and the economy of any country. Cuba currently producing generators for obtaining this radionuclide, and it is produce at the Center of Isotopes. Risk assessments of radiological hazard installations are a regulatory requirement in Cuba. Although there are several qualitative or quantitative methods to perform these studies, the existence of basis risk starting and analysis codes and simplicity of use has been privileged the risk matrix as a preferred semi-quantitative method. The investigation presents the application, for the first time, of this method on a complex installation with radiological hazard in Cuba. Using the SECURE - MR Ver. 2.0 code detailed risk analysis of the practice carried out, resulting in three accidental sequences with high-risk level and determining the importance of reducers and barriers related with human factors associated to sufficiency and personnel training. Among the derived applications are reported the novelties analysis capabilities and possibilities of risk monitoring. The risk model developed for the production process of generators of Molybdenum-99/Technetium-99m joined with capabilities review, analysis and documentation provided by the tool, allow obtaining a completely and coherent document with the model, which constitutes a valuable basis for understanding the safety of the installation knowledge. (author)

Risk analysis applied to the production of generators of Molybdenum-99/Technetium-99m

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Rodriguez, Daniel; Torres, Antonio; Henriquez, Jorge R.; Soria, Miguel A.; Ayra, Fernando E., E-mail: danivd1188@gmail.com, E-mail: rjorge@ufpe.br, E-mail: masguevara@centis.edu.cu, E-mail: feayra@centis.cu [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DEMEC/UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica; Departamento de Ingenieria Nuclear, Instituto Superior de Tecnologias y Ciencias Aplicadas (DIN/InSTEC), La Habana (Cuba); Departamento de Proteccion Radiologica, Centro de Isotopos (DPR/CENTIS), La Habana (Cuba)

2017-11-01

Radionuclide Technetium-99m is the most used today, so that their production is vital to the branches of health and the economy of any country. Cuba currently producing generators for obtaining this radionuclide, and it is produce at the Center of Isotopes. Risk assessments of radiological hazard installations are a regulatory requirement in Cuba. Although there are several qualitative or quantitative methods to perform these studies, the existence of basis risk starting and analysis codes and simplicity of use has been privileged the risk matrix as a preferred semi-quantitative method. The investigation presents the application, for the first time, of this method on a complex installation with radiological hazard in Cuba. Using the SECURE - MR Ver. 2.0 code detailed risk analysis of the practice carried out, resulting in three accidental sequences with high-risk level and determining the importance of reducers and barriers related with human factors associated to sufficiency and personnel training. Among the derived applications are reported the novelties analysis capabilities and possibilities of risk monitoring. The risk model developed for the production process of generators of Molybdenum-99/Technetium-99m joined with capabilities review, analysis and documentation provided by the tool, allow obtaining a completely and coherent document with the model, which constitutes a valuable basis for understanding the safety of the installation knowledge. (author)

Preparation and assessment of [{sup 99m}Tc]technetium aquacarbonyl complexes with 1,2-diaminoethane-N-substituted ligands for tumor detection; Preparo e avaliacao de complexos de [{sup 99m}Tc]tecnecio aquacarbonil com ligantes 1,2-diaminoetano-N-substituidos para deteccao de tumores

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Radin, Adriano

2010-07-01

Over least 15 years the complex [[{sup 99m}Tc](H{sub 2}0){sub 3}(CO){sub 3}]{sup +} has been used as an intermediary to obtain technetium radiopharmaceuticals for applications in cardiology, neurology and oncology. Two important characteristics of this molecule are: the facility for obtaining that compound from aqueous solutions and the easiness of substituting H{sub 2}O molecules by atoms of other ligand molecules. In this project we prepared new complexes [[{sup 99m}Tc](CMN{sup S001-3})(H{sub 2}O)(CO){sub 3}]{sup +}, where (CMNS001) = N-[(4-methoxy) benzyl]-1,2-diaminoethane, (CMNS003) = N,N'-bis-[(4-methoxy)benzyl]-1,2-diaminoethane, and assessed the uptake of these complexes in murine melanoma cancer cell B16F10 and breast cells MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231, and compared with [[{sup 99m}](MIBI){sub 6}]{sup +} uptake. In vitro uptake for both new technetium complex reached values close to 5%, for all cell lines, whereas the [[{sup 99m}Tc](MIBI){sub 6}]{sup +} uptake was close to 1 %. The assessment of subcellular distribution showed high accumulation of the new complex in the membrane fraction, for MDAMB-231, while for B16F10 accumulation occurred both in membrane and cytoplasm; the concentration of [[{sup 99m}Tc](MIBI){sub 6}]{sup +} was mainly in the cytoplasm portion. Biodistribution study in mice allowed to observe the capture of up to 1.6% of the administered dose per gram of tumor tissue for the complex [[{sup 99m}Tc](CMNS001)(H{sub 2}O)(CO){sub 3}]{sup +}, whereas other organs such as heart, lung and muscle, showed uptake of about 5.6%, 6.4% and 2%, respectively. The complexes in this work showed a high rate of uptake in vitro, but was not reproduced in vivo model, which can be related to low concentration of the complexes inside the cells and reduced vascularity of tumor tissue, with lower intake of complex through the blood system. (author)

In vivo Exposure Effects of 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile on the FDXR and XPA Genes Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni-Toossi

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Objective(s: In recent years, the application of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine has increased substantially. Following the diagnostic procedures performed in nuclear medicine departments, such as myocardial perfusion imaging, patients generally receive considerable doses of radiation. Normally, radiation-induced DNA damages are expected following exposure to a low-dose ionizing radiation. In order to detect molecular changes, high-sensitivity techniques must be utilized. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a low-dose (below 10 mSv gamma ray on gene expression using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 20 volunteer patients who underwent myocardial perfusion imaging. They were given various doses of Technetium99-m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI. After that, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNs were derived, and then total RNA was extracted and reverse-transcribed to cDNA. Finally, the expression levels of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group-A (XPA and ferredoxin reductase (FDXR genes were determinded through qRT-PCR technique using SYBR Green. Results: XPA and FDXR expression levels were obtained following a very low-dose ionizing radiation. A significant up-regulation of both genes was observed, and the gene expression level of each individual patient was different. If differences in the administered activity and radiosensitivity are taken into account, the observed differences could be justified. Furthermore, gender and age did not play a significant role in the expression levels of the genes under study. Conclusion: The up-regulation of FDXR after irradiation revealed the high-sensitivity level of this gene; therefore, it could be used as an appropriate biomarker for biological dosimetry. On the other hand, the up-regulation of XPA is an indication of DNA repair following radiation exposure. According to linear no-threshold model (LNT

99mTcO(BAT-NI), a novel nitroimidazole tracer: in vivo uptake studies in ischaemic myocardium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoffend, J.; Linke, G.; Mohammed, A.; Haberkorn, U.; Tiefenbacher, C.P.; Eisenhut, M.

2003-01-01

Myocardial perfusion single-photon emission tomography (SPET) performed with cationic technetium-99m complexes indicates ischaemic areas as cold lesions. By contrast, nitroimidazole derivatives labelled with fluorine-18 or 99m Tc have recently shown promising results for hot spot imaging of ischaemic myocardium. This study evaluates 99m TcO(BAT-NI), a new 99m Tc complex comprising the nitroimidazole ligand, 2,10-dimercapto-2, 10-dimethyl-4, 8-diaza-6-[4-(2-nitroimidazolyl)butyl]undecane, in a low-flow in vivo model of myocardial ischaemia in thoracotomised rats. To elucidate the influence of the 2-nitroimidazole group on ischaemia-induced uptake, comparisons with ligand derivatives were performed where (a) the 2-nitro group was deleted [ 99m TcO(BAT-I)], (b) the 2-nitroimidazole functionality was replaced by a Br atom [ 99m TcO(BAT-Br)] and (c) the 99m TcO(BAT) moiety was replaced by an iodine-125 iodophenoxybutyl ligand ( 125 IP-NI). The radiolabelled compounds were i.v. injected 15 min after reducing resting myocardial blood flow by 50-60% and the uptake of radioactivity was assessed 90 min post injection. Autoradiography of left ventricular short-axis slices showed median uptake ratios of ischaemic/non-ischaemic myocardium (I/N) of 3.4, 4.5 and 3.4 for 99m TcO(BAT-NI), 99m TcO(BAT-I) and 99m TcO(BAT-Br), respectively. In contrast, 125 IP-NI was not preferentially taken up by ischaemic myocardium. Accumulation of 99m TcO(BAT-NI) in ischaemic heart regions was comparable to that in the liver. Biodistribution studies showed a median uptake of 0.65% ID/g of 99m TcO(BAT-NI) in ischaemic tissue and an I/N of 3.3. On planar images of the thorax and upper abdomen the ischaemic hearts were visualised faintly; the median heart to lung count ratio for 99m TcO(BAT-NI) was 1.7, and the median heart to liver count ratio was 1.0. We conclude that uptake of 99m TcO(BAT-NI) in ischaemic myocardium does not depend on the nitroimidazole moiety but is intrinsic to the BAT complex

On-site preparation of technetium-99m labeled human serum albumin for clinical application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Yuhfeng; Chuang Meihua; Cham Thauming; Chung Meiing; Chiu Jainnshiun

2007-01-01

Technetium-99m labeled human serum albumin (Tc-99m HSA) is an important radiopharmaceutical for clinical applications, such as cardiac function tests or protein-losing gastroenteropathy assessment. However, because of transfusion-induced infectious diseases, the safety of serum products is a serious concern. In this context, serum products acquired from patients themselves are the most ideal tracer. However, the development of rapid separation and easy clinical labeling methods is not yet well established. Under such situation, products from the same ethnic group or country are now recommended by the World Health Organization as an alternative preparation. This article describes the on-site preparation of Tc-99m HSA from locally supplied serum products. Different formulations were prepared and the labeling efficiency and stability were examined. Radio-labeling efficiencies were more than 90% in all preparation protocols, except for one that omitted the stannous solution. The most cost-effective protocol contained HSA 0.1 mg, treated with stannous fluoride 0.2 mg, and mixed with Tc-99m pertechnetate 30 mCi. A biodistribution study was performed in rats using a gamma camera immediately after intravenous administration of radiolabeled HSA. Tissue/organ uptake was obtained by measuring the radioactivity in organs after sacrificing the rats at timed intervals. The biologic half-life was about 32 min, determined from sequential venous blood collections. These data indicate that our preparation of Tc-99m HSA is useful and potentially applicable clinically. In addition, this on-site preparation provides the possibility of labeling a patient's own serum for subsequent clinical application. (author)

Radiation hazards from horses undergoing scintigraphy using technetium -{sup 99m}

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Whitelock, R.G. [Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield (United Kingdom)

1997-01-01

This paper quantifies the extent of the radiation hazard to personnel from horses undergoing scintigraphy using technetium{sup 99m} methylene diphosphonate ({sup 99m}Tc{sup m}-MDP). From the data produced it is possible to derive safe working protocols which are comfortably within the legislated limits for whole body doses as set out in the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1985. Measurements were made of the surface and environmental activities which result from individuals undergoing scintigraphic evaluation and also from urine contaminated bedding. The use of both high and low activities in the assessment of the radiation hazard to personnel and owners is considered. (author).

Radioimmunoscintigraphy with technetium-99m labelled monoclonal antibody, 1A3, in colorectal cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Granowska, M.; Britton, K.E.; Mather, S.J.; Morris, G.; Ellison, D.; Soobramoney, S.; Talbot, I.C.; Northover, J.M.A.

1993-01-01

This study of radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) was primarily undertaken to determine how the imaging results related to surgical findings. Technetium-99m radiolabelled 1A3, a monoclonal antibody against a columnar cell surface antigen, was used. No adverse effects or thyroid uptake was observed in 127 studies. The 85 primary colorectal cancers were all image positive. In the assessment of recurrent tumour in the abdomen or pelvis, the accuracy was 33/35 (94%), including true-positive findings in some whose serum carcinoembryonic antigen was normal. There was a positive predictive value for abdominal or pelvic recurrence of 92% and a negative predictive value of 100%, at a prevalence of 66%. In those patients whose liver was able to be evaluated, the accuracy was 72/79 (91%). There was a positive predictive value for liver metastases of 88% and a negative predictive value of 93%, at a prelavence of 32%. The simple procedure for labelling antibody with 99m Tc and its ready availability allow a completed report to be given within 24 h of the request. (orig.)

Uptake and distribution of technetium in several marine algae

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonotto, S.; Gerber, G.B.; Garten, C.T. Jr.; Vandecasteele, C.M.; Myttenaere, C.; Van Baelen, J.; Cogneau, M.; van der Ben, D.

1983-01-01

The uptake or chemical form of technetium in different marine algae (Acetabularia, Cystoseira, Fucus) has been examined and a simple model to explain the uptake of technetium in the unicellular alga, Acetabularia, has been conceptualized. At low concentrations in the external medium, Acetabularia can rapidly concentrate technetium. Concentration factors in excess of 400 can be attained after a time of about 3 weeks. At higher mass concentrations in the medium, uptake of technetium by Acetabularia becomes saturated resulting in a decreased concentration factor (approximately 10 after 4 weeks). Approximately 69% of the total radioactivity present in /sup 95m/Tc labelled Acetabularia is found in the cell cytosol. In Fucus vesiculosus, labelled with /sup 95m/Tc, a high percentage of technetium is present in soluble ionic forms while approximately 40% is bound, in this brown alga, in proteins and polysaccharides associated with cell walls. In the algal cytosol of Fucus vesiculosus, about 45% of the /sup 95m/Tc appears to be present as anionic TcO - 4 and the remainder is bound to small molecules. 8 references, 5 figures, 1 table

Exposure to fingers while handling a solvent extraction-type technetium-99m generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kini, K.S.; Venkateswaran, T.V.

1985-01-01

Technetium-99m-labeled compounds are routinely used for various diagnostic procedures in nuclear medicine. In India, most of the nuclear medicine centers use /sup 99m/Tc obtained from a solvent extraction-type generator. As a result of the long procedure involved in the separation of /sup 99m/Tc from /sup 99m/Mo in this type of generator compared to the elution of /sup 99m/Tc from a column-type generator, like likelihood of exposure to fingers of technicians is high. The measurement of radiation exposure was done on 16 workers at seven major nuclear medicine centers in India. With the existing work load, the exposures to the fingers were found to be within the permissible limits

Technetium 99mTc Pertechnetate Brain Scanning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rhee, Sang Min; Park, Jin Yung; Lee, Ahn Ki; Chung, Choo Il; Hong, Chang Gi; Rhee, Chong Heon; Koh, Chang Soon

1968-01-01

Technetium 99 mTc pertechnetate brain scanning were performed in 3 cases of head injury (2 chronic subdural hematomas and 1 acute epidural hematoma), 2 cases of brain abscess and 1 case of intracerebral hematoma associated with arteriovenous anomaly. In all the cases brain scintigrams showed 'hot areas.' Literatures on radioisotope scanning of intracranial lesions were briefly reviewed. With the improvement of radioisotope scanner and development of new radiopharmaceuticals brain scanning became a safe and useful screening test for diagnosis of intracranial lesions. Brain scanning can be easily performed even to a moribund patient without any discomfort and risk to the patient which are associated with cerebral angiography or pneumoencephalography. Brain scanning has been useful in diagnosis of brain tumor, brain abscess, subdural hematoma, and cerebral vascular diseases. In 80 to 90% of brain tumors positive scintigrams can be expected. Early studies were done with 203 Hg-Neohydrin or 131 I-serum albumin. With these agents, however, patients receive rather much radiation to the whole body and kidneys. In 1965 Harper introduced 99 mTc to reduce radiation dose to the patient and improve statistical variation in isotope scanning.

Synthesis, characterization and identification of the hexakis (trimethylphosphite) [Tc-99m]technetium(I) cation as a myocardial imaging agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dean, R.T.; Adams, M.D.; Miller, F.W.; Robbins, M.S.; Wester, D.W.; White, D.H.

1984-01-01

Hexakis(trimethylphosphite)[Tc-99m]technetium(I), a monocationic complex, was synthesized for evaluation as a myocardial imaging agent. The above product was synthesized by reacting a methanolic solution of NaTcO/sub 4/ with trimethyl phosphite in an inert atmosphere at 100 0 for 30 min. Using the Tc-99 isotope, mg quantities were isolated for full characterization by precipitation from the reaction mixture using sodium tetraphenylborate. Recrystallization from methanol gave crystals of the tetraphenylborate salt. Elemental analyses, Tc-99 and P-31 NMR, mass spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectra, ir and X-ray crystal structure were all consistent with a hexacoordinate octahedral structure of the proposed monocation. The products formed from the Tc-99 isotope and the Tc-99m isotope were shown to be identical by HPLC using simultaneous radiometric and UV detection. The myocardial imaging properties of the title compound were evaluated by rat biodistribution and dog imaging. Five minutes after intravenous administration in rats, 3% dose/gm was in the heart with tissue ratios of heart/blood of 30, heart/liver of 4, heart/lung of 2. These compare to T1-201 values of 6% dose/gm in the heart with tissue ratios of heart/blood of 24, heart/liver of 6, heart/lung of 1. Imaging in an anesthetized dog revealed excellent myocardial uptake with persistent images through a 60 minute period. From these data the hexakis(trimethylphosphite)[Tc-99m]technetium(I) cation was identified as a myocardial imaging agent suitable for further evaluation

Evaluation of technetium-99m exametazime stabilised with cobalt chloride as a blood flow tracer in focal cerebral ischaemia

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Gartshore, G [Wellcome Surgical Inst. and Hugh Fraser Neuroscience Labs., Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom); Bannan, P [Wellcome Surgical Inst. and Hugh Fraser Neuroscience Labs., Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom); Patterson, J [Wellcome Surgical Inst. and Hugh Fraser Neuroscience Labs., Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom); Higley, B [Wellcome Surgical Inst. and Hugh Fraser Neuroscience Labs., Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom); McCulloch, J [Wellcome Surgical Inst. and Hugh Fraser Neuroscience Labs., Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom)

1994-09-01

A protocol has been devised to effectively extend the limited post-reconstitution shelf life of technetium-99m exametazime as a radiopharmaceutical for imaging cerebral blood flow (CBF) distribution. The potential of [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime stabilised with cobalt chloride for imaging CBF distribution as late as 4 h after reconstitution has been examined in ischaemic and non-ischaemic tissue in halothane-anaesthetised cats. Focal cerebral ischaemia was produced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. The relationship between [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime uptake and retention and CBF (assessed with [[sup 14]C]iodoantipyrine 10 min after first radiopharmaceutical administration) was determined in the same tissue section with double label autoradiography. Over the CBF range 0 - 80 ml 100 g[sup -1] min[sup -1], the uptake of [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime (quantitatively and topographically) was linearly related to CBF irrespective of whether the [sup 99m]Tc-labelled tracer was unstabilised (and administered within 10 min of reconstitution) or was stabilised with cobalt chloride (and administered up to 240 min after reconstitution). For levels of CBF in excess of 80 ml 100 g[sup -1] min[sup -1] the excellent topographical relationship between [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime distribution and CBF is maintained but quantitatively, [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime underestimates CBF to a similar degree in animals receiving stabilised and unstabilised [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime. The presence of the stabiliser, cobalt chloride, extends greatly the period over which [sup 99m]Tc-exametazime can be used after reconstitution to generate images of CBF distribution in normal and ischaemic cerebral tissue. (orig.)

How good is technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine indirect cystography?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sadeleer, C. de; Boe, V. de; Keuppens, F.; Desprechins, B.; Verboven, M.; Piepsz, A.

1994-01-01

The aim of the present study was to estimate the sensitivity of indirect radionuclide cystography (IRC) performed with technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3), in comparison with the micturition cystourethrography (MCUG) and direct radionuclide cystography (DRC), for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux. Two groups of patients were selected: group I comprised 40 children who underwent IRC during the acute phase of urinary tract infection and an MCUG 6 weeks later; group II comprised 42 (other) children with known reflux, who underwent IRC and DRC during follow-up. Taking as the reference the total number of refluxing kidneys detected by means of any cystographic technique, 99m Tc-MAG3 ICR missed two-thirds of the refluxing kidneys. Most of the small refluxes were missed, but so too were 50% of the major refluxes. Taking as the reference 99m Tc dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy, MCUG detected 91% of the patients with DMSA abnormalities on at least one kidney, DRC detected 95%, and IRC detected 46% and 43% respectively, in groups I and II. The use of 99m Tc-MAG3 IRC as the sole technique for the detection of vesicoureteric reflux gives rise to an unacceptable number of false-negative results. (orig.)

Technetium-99m-labeled N-(2,6-dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid (/sup 99m/Tc HIDA): a new radiopharmaceutical for hepatobiliary imaging studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryan, J.; Cooper, M.; Loberg, M.; Harvey, E.; Sikorski, S.

1977-01-01

An easily formulated, stable kit preparation of technetium-99m HIDA, suitable for use in humans, was developed and tested in mice and dogs. The tracer was cleared rapidly from the blood and excreted predominantly by the liver in both species. In dogs, the hepatobiliary clearance of Tc-99m HIDA was significantly greater than that of C-14 HIDA and Sn-113 HIDA. The LD 50 for HIDA in mice, 168 mg/kg, exceeded the average human dose by a factor of 1000 on a per-weight basis. Blood clearance curves for Tc-99m HIDA in 12 normal subjects were biexponential with half-times of 4.6 +- 1.0 min and 31.5 +- 7.0 min, and cumulative 90-min urine samples contained 14.2 +- 1.8% of the injected dose. Images in normal subjects and nonjaundiced patients showed rapid concentration of tracer by the liver and activity was present within the biliary system in 10 to 20 min. In jaundiced patients, the tracer blood clearance was delayed and urinary excretion increased, but intestinal activity, indicating biliary patency, was imaged in those patients without complete focal obstruction of the common duct. Technetium-99m HIDA is a nontoxic radiopharmaceutical useful for clinical evaluation of hepatobiliary disorders in humans

In whole blood, LPS, TNF-alpha and GM-CSF increase monocyte uptake of {sup 99m}technetium stannous colloid but do not affect neutrophil uptake

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Ramsay, Stuart C. [Townsville Nuclear Medicine, Mater Hospital, Pimlico, Queensland 4812 (Australia) and School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811 (Australia)]. E-mail: stuart.ramsay1@jcu.edu.au; Maggs, Jacqueline [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland 4814 (Australia); Powell, Kellie [School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811 (Australia); School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811 (Australia); Barnes, Jodie [School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811 (Australia); Ketheesan, Natkunam [School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811 (Australia); School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811 (Australia)

2006-07-15

Introduction: {sup 99m}Technetium stannous colloid (TcSnC) is used in white cell scanning. It labels neutrophils and monocytes via phagocytosis, with uptake mediated by the phagocytic receptor CD11b/CD18 in neutrophils. Uptake of TcSnC is altered by gram-negative infection, possibly due to the endotoxin component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or to cytokines released during infection (e.g., TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma). Endotoxemia and increased TNF-alpha levels also occur in inflammatory bowel disease. Another potential confounder in cell labeling is that sepsis patients may be treated with GM-CSF and G-CSF, which alter phagocytic cell function. This study aimed to determine how these factors affect TcSnC cellular uptake. Methods: Whole blood from six healthy volunteers was incubated with LPS, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, GM-CSF or G-CSF. Samples were then mixed with TcSnC. Blood was separated across density gradients and imaged using a gamma camera. Three radioactive count peaks were observed in each tube: free plasma activity, mononuclear cell uptake and neutrophil uptake. Results: Compared with controls, significant increases in mononuclear cell uptake were induced by LPS, TNF-alpha and GM-CSF stimulation. It was incidentally noted that exogenous estrogens appear to affect TcSnC labeling and may influence the neutrophil response to stimulation. Neutrophil uptake and plasma activity were not significantly affected. IFN-gamma and G-CSF had no significant effect. Conclusions: In whole blood, the effect of LPS on TcSnC monocyte uptake is different to its effect on neutrophils, consistent with previously reported differences in CD11b/CD18 expression. TNF-alpha response parallels LPS response. GM-CSF also increases TcSnC uptake by monocytes. These effects should be considered when using TcSnC for imaging purposes, as they will tend to increase monocyte labeling. Estrogens may also affect TcSnC labeling. Responses to IFN-gamma and G-CSF are consistent with previously reported effects

Synthesis, radiochemistry and biological evaluation of a new somatostatin analogue (SDZ 219-387) labelled with technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maina, T.; Stolz, B.; Albert, R.; Bruns, C.; Koch, P.; Maecke, H.

1994-01-01

A new derivative of octreotide SDZ 219-387 [PnAO-(D)Phe 1 -octreotide] was synthesized, which binds specifically and with high affinity to somatostatin receptors in vitro (pK i =9.79±0.16). This new somatostatin analogue chelates technetium-99m under mild labelling conditions in good yields. The resulting [ 99m Tc]SDZ 219-387 was stable up to 6 h after labelling and could be isolated in a pure radiochemical and chemical form by high-perfomance liquid chromatographic purification. The intravenous administration of purified [ 99m Tc]SDZ 219-387 revealed that the radioligand was rapidly cleared from circulation, and tumour uptake of 0.38% ID/g was observed at 1.5 h post injection. [ 99m Tc]SDZ 219-387 specifically interacted with somatostatin binding sites on the tumour. However, the radioligand is highly lipophilic and excreted mainly through the hepatobiliary system. As a consequence, [ 99m Tc]SDZ 219-387 exhibits increased background activity and therefore is not appropriate for the in vivo visualization of somatostatin receptor-positive tumours and/or their metastases in the abdomen. (orig.)

Technetium-99m pertechnetate - a tracer for radiolabelling antibody for inflammation detection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shaharuddin Mohd; Wan Hamirul Bahrin Wan Kamal; Shahrin A Hamid; Ang Woan Tze; Rosnani Hashim

1999-01-01

The polyclonal antibody, Human Immunoglobulin G (HlgG) was reduced by using 2-mercaptoethanol with molar ratio of 1000:1 (i.e. mercaptoethanol:antibody). The reduction of the antibody, was carried out for 30 minutes at room temperature. The reduced antibody was purified by using Sephadex G-25 fine column. The antibody kit for the detection of inflammation was prepared aseptically in Class 1 Laminar Flow cabinet. The kit passed the sterility test. Upon reconstitution of the antibody kit with sodium pertechnetate-99m ( 99m Tc) solution, the labelling efficiency obtained was more than 95%. This preparation was stable up to 24-hour stored at room temperature. Gamma camera scans showed the accumulation of technetium-99m labelled antibody ( 99m Tc-HIgG) at the turpentine-induced inflammation of female Sprague-Dawley rats. This indicated the possibility of using 99m Tc-HIgG for inflammation detection. (author)

Technetium /sup 99m/Tc macroaggregated albumin lung scans. Use in chronic childhood asthma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hyde, J.S.; Koch, D.F.; Isenberg, P.D.; Werner, P.

1976-01-01

Serial roentgenograms and technetium /sub 99m/Tc macroaggregated albumin lung scans were done simultaneously in 30 bronchodilator-dependent asthmatic children and young adults during both relative remission and attacks of status asthmaticus. When chest roentgenograms showed air trapping and increased peribronchial vascular markings associated with persistent perfusion defects, the children benefited from further laboratory studies and continuous comprehensive therapy. Serial scans provided information about underperfusion that was not discernible either by roentgenograms or by usual blood gas studies. Also, lung scans are easier to obtain in children with long-standing asthma than are detailed pulmonary tests. In our study, technetium /sup 99m/Tc macroaggregated albumin scans showed persistent regional perfusion defects in 20 children with chronic asthma during relative remission and exacerbations

Labeling of ursodeoxycholic acid with technetium-99m for hepatobiliary imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanad, M.H.; El-Tawoosy, M.

2013-01-01

An adopted method for the preparation of high radiochemical purity 99m Tc-ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was conducted with a high radiochemical yield up to 97.5 %. The reaction proceeds well using 2 mg UDCA, 50 μg tin chloride in solution of pH 8 at room temperature for 30 min. The radiochemical yield was up to 97.5 % as pure as 99m Tc-UDCA. Different chromatographic techniques (paper chromatography and electrophoresis) were used to evaluate the radiochemical yield and purity of the labeled product. Biodistribution studies were carried out in Albino Swiss mice at different time intervals after administration of 99m Tc-UDCA. The uptake of 99m Tc-UDCA in the liver gave the chance to diagnose it. The results indicate that the labeled compound cleared from the systematic circulation within 2 h after administration and majority of organs showed significant decrease in uptake of 99m Tc-UDCA. Finally, the liver uptake was high and the results indicate the possibility of using 99m Tc-UDCA for hepatobiliary imaging.

Technetium-99m in nuclear medicine and radiation protection experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ninkovic, M. M.; Raicevic, J. J.; Pavlovic, S.; Glisic, R.

2002-01-01

The one of the major contributors to personnel exposure whithin nuclear medicine laboratories is primarily now ubiquitous 99 Mo- 99m Tc generators. These generators, first available about more than forthy years ago, are now providing large quantities of 99m Tc radioactive source daily in the most laboratories, both for direct injection, as a per-technetate ion, and through the utilization of the kits for the preparation of dipherent radiopharmaceuticals. The safe and efficient utilization of technetium-99m in nuclear medicine, as other radionuclides, begin with the design, construction and operation of the 'Hot'Laboratory area, where radionuclide are stored and patient doses are prepared. Regardless of the specific physical configuration, suitable facilities need to be provided and good working practices established in order to get these principal objectives: (a) keep radiation exposure to personnel at ALARA levels; (b) prevent contamination of personnel; (c) prevent contamination of measuring instruments (including imaging devices such as gamma cameras and rectilinear scanners), and (d) prevent spread of contamination to places or persons outside the laboratory

Relationship between lung-to-heart uptake ratio of technetium-99m-tetrofosmin during exercise myocardial single photon emission computed tomographic imaging and the number of diseased coronary arteries in patients with effort angina pectoris without myocardial infarction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okajima, Toshiya; Ueshima, Kenji; Nishiyama, Osamu; Ogawa, Muneyoshi; Ohuchi, Mami; Saitoh, Masahiko; Hiramori, Katsuhiko

2004-01-01

Increased lung uptake of thallium-201 in exercise myocardial perfusion imaging is a reliable marker of multivessel disease in patients with ischemic heart disease. This study investigated whether the lung-to-heart uptake ratio with technetium-99m ( 99m Tc)-tetrofosmin also provides valuable information to detect patients with multivessel disease. Fifty-three consecutive patients (35 men, 18 women, mean age 66±11 years; single-vessel disease: 29, double-vessel disease: 16, triple-vessel disease: 8) with stable effort angina pectoris without prior myocardial infarction and 17 control subjects (12 men, 5 women, mean age 62±9 years) underwent exercise myocardial perfusion imaging with 99m Tc-tetrofosmin and coronary angiography in January 2000 to December 2002. The lung-to-heart uptake ratio was calculated on an anterior projection before reconstruction of the exercise single photon emission computed tomographic images. The mean lung-to-heart uptake ratio was 0.34±0.04, 0.38±0.07, 0.41±0.05, and 0.46±0.09, in patients with normal coronary, single-vessel disease, double-vessel disease, and triple-vessel disease, respectively. Significantly higher lung-to-heart uptake ratio was associated with more diseased vessels (p 99m Tc-tetrofosmin can provide clinically useful information to detect multivessel disease in patients with ischemic heart disease. (author)

Efficient one-step direct labelling of recombinant antibodies with technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liberatore, M.; Neri, D.; Neri, G.; Pini, A.; Lurilli, A.P.; Ponzo, F.; Spampinato, G.; Padula, F.; Pala, A.; Colella, A.C.

1995-01-01

High-affinity bacterially expressed antibody fragments can nowadays be cloned from established hybridomas or, more conveniently, isolated directly from antibody libraries displayed on filamentous phage. Such antibodies can be tagged with C-terminal peptide tags containing one cysteine residue, which represents a convenient functionalisation site for a number of applications, including technetium-99m labelling. Here we describe a simple one-step method for 99m Tc labelling of cysteine-tagged recombinant antibodies with more than 50% radionuclide incorporation. The labelled antibodies displayed full retention of immuoreactivity and good stability. (orig.)

Efficient one-step direct labelling of recombinant antibodies with technetium-99m

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liberatore, M. [Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Medicina Nucleare, Policlinico Umberto I, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy); Neri, D. [Cambridge Centre for Protein Engineering - MRC Centre (United Kingdom); Neri, G. [Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Siena (Italy); Pini, A. [Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Universita di Siena (Italy); Lurilli, A.P. [Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Medicina Nucleare, Policlinico Umberto I, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy); Ponzo, F. [Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Medicina Nucleare, Policlinico Umberto I, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy); Spampinato, G. [Laboratorio di Biochimica degli Ormoni Sessuali, Il Instituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy); Padula, F. [Laboratorio di Biochimica degli Ormoni Sessuali, Il Instituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy); Pala, A. [Laboratorio di Biochimica degli Ormoni Sessuali, Il Instituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy); Colella, A.C. [Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Medicina Nucleare, Policlinico Umberto I, Universita di Roma `La Sapienza` (Italy)

1995-11-01

High-affinity bacterially expressed antibody fragments can nowadays be cloned from established hybridomas or, more conveniently, isolated directly from antibody libraries displayed on filamentous phage. Such antibodies can be tagged with C-terminal peptide tags containing one cysteine residue, which represents a convenient functionalisation site for a number of applications, including technetium-99m labelling. Here we describe a simple one-step method for {sup 99m}Tc labelling of cysteine-tagged recombinant antibodies with more than 50% radionuclide incorporation. The labelled antibodies displayed full retention of immuoreactivity and good stability. (orig.)

Calculation of therapeutic activity of radioiodine in Graves' disease by means of Marinelli's formula, using technetium (99mTc) scintigraphy.

Science.gov (United States)

Szumowski, Piotr; Mojsak, Małgorzata; Abdelrazek, Saeid; Sykała, Monika; Amelian-Fiłonowicz, Anna; Jurgilewicz, Dorota; Myśliwiec, Janusz

2016-12-01

The therapeutic activity of 131 I administered to patients with Graves' disease can be calculated by means of Marinelli's formula. The thyroidal iodine uptake ( 131 IU max ) needed for the calculation is usually determined with the use of 131 I. The purpose of the paper was to estimate 131 IU max on the basis of technetium uptake in the thyroid at 20 min ( 99m TcU 20min ). Eighty patients suffering from Graves' disease were qualified for radioiodine therapy with measurement of fT 4 , fT 3 , thyroid-stimulating hormone and its receptor (TRAb). Prior to the treatment, all the patients were euthyroid. 131 IU max for each patient was determined according to the levels of 131 I after 24 h ( 131 IU 24h ), while effective half-life (T eff ) according to the measurements of 131 IU 24h and 131 I uptake after 48 h ( 131 IU 48h ). Additionally, on the day before measuring 131 IU 24h , 99m TcU 20min was calculated for each patient. It was demonstrated that there existed a correlation, with statistical significance at p  10 IU/ml. It is possible to predict thyroid iodine uptake 131 IU 24h in Graves' disease on the basis of measuring the uptake of 99m TcU 20min . This shortens the time necessary for diagnosis and enables the calculation of 131 I activity using Marinelli's formula.

Investigation of space-occupying lesions in the liver with technetium-99m tin colloid and indium-113m-chloride

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nelson, M.J.; Klopper, J.F.

1985-01-01

Liver scanning with radiocolloids is an important method to determine the presence, the position and the size of space-occupying lesions in the liver. Unfortunately, this information is nonspecific and it is not possible to distinguish between tumours, abscesses or cysts. Thirty-six patients in whom a definite diagnosis of hepatoma, amoebic liver abscess or echinococcus cyst had been made were examined with technetium-99m tin colloid and indium-113m chloride. The amoebic liver abscesses were avascular, showed a hyperaemic area surrounding the abscess and appeared smaller on the indium than on the technetium scan. The hepatomas showed greater vascularity and absence of the hyperaemic area. Cysts were avascular, did not show a hyperaemic rim and the size was equal on both scans. The experience of the observers had an influence on the accuracy of interpretation of the scans; experienced observers made a correct diagnosis in 73% of cases. It is suggested that simultaneous technetium-99m tin colloid and indium 113m-chloride scans provide additional specificity in the differential diagnosis between hepatoma, amoebic liver abscess and echinococcus cysts

Investigation of space-occupying lesions in the liver with technetium-99m tin colloid and indium-113m-chloride

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nelson, M.J. (Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth (South Africa). Dept. of Nuclear Medicine); Klopper, J.F. (Stellenbosch Univ. (South Africa). Dept. of Nuclear Medicine)

1985-01-26

Liver scanning with radiocolloids is an important method to determine the presence, the position and the size of space-occupying lesions in the liver. Unfortunately, this information is nonspecific and it is not possible to distinguish between tumours, abscesses or cysts. Thirty-six patients in whom a definite diagnosis of hepatoma, amoebic liver abscess or echinococcus cyst had been made were examined with technetium-99m tin colloid and indium-113m chloride. The amoebic liver abscesses were avascular, showed a hyperaemic area surrounding the abscess and appeared smaller on the indium than on the technetium scan. The hepatomas showed greater vascularity and absence of the hyperaemic area. Cysts were avascular, did not show a hyperaemic rim and the size was equal on both scans. The experience of the observers had an influence on the accuracy of interpretation of the scans; experienced observers made a correct diagnosis in 73% of cases. It is suggested that simultaneous technetium-99m tin colloid and indium 113m-chloride scans provide additional specificity in the differential diagnosis between hepatoma, amoebic liver abscess and echinococcus cysts.

Technetium-99m dextran: a promising new protein-losing enteropathy imaging agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhatnagar, A.; Singh, A.K.; Lahoti, D.; Singh, T.; Khanna, C.M.

1996-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate technetium-99m dextran ( 99m Tc-Dx; molecular weight 81000) as a prospective protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) imaging agent. Twenty-two patients iwth diseases commonly associated with PLE and 12 healthy control subjects underwent intravenous 99m Tc-Dx scintigraphy. All of the 22 test patients showed significant radiotracer accumulation in the intestines within 3-4 h post injection. The focal, regional or generalised nature of the enteropathy and involvement of the large or small intestine could be identified in most cases. Four of the 12 apparently healthy subjects also showed minimal accumulation in the abdominal area occurring late in the study period. This could have been physiological, related to food habits or due to unsuspected intestinal worms. We attribute the high sensitivity of 99m Tc-Dx to its relatively fast blood (background) clearance. The radiotracer may have several other advantages over 99m Tc-labelled human serum albumin in imaging PLE. (orig.)

Study of factors that interfere in the labelling process of erythrocytes and plasma proteins with Technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gutfilen, Bianca

1989-01-01

The labelling of red blood cells (RBC) with technetium-99m (Tc-99m) depends on several factors, as the stannous ion (Sn++) concentration, time, temperature, the presence of plasma proteins (PP) and others. However the Sn++ concentration seems to be the most important factor; probably because the uptake of this reducing agent by RBC is limited. The excess of Sn++ in extracellular medium can determine the labelling of PP. the modifications of RBC at 50 deg C described in the literature, the possibility of labelling RBC with Tc-99m at this temperature and experimental results obtained made it possible to perform spleen selective scintigraphy through a simple technique with few manipulations. The effect of gentamicin, nifedipine and verapamil in the labelling of RBC and plasma proteins with Tc-99m was studied because of similarities between Ca++ and Sn++. The results show that, under some conditions, these drugs are capable to alter this Tc-99m incorporation. The modification of the ionic distribution determined by these drugs or the blockage of Sn++ and/or Tc-99m or the fact that they bind theirselves to plasma proteins, or the possibility of the labelling of these drugs, are factors that can interfere in the labelling process of red blood cells and plasma proteins with Tc-99m. (author)

Role of technetium-99m planar bone scanning in the evaluation of low back pain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valdez, D.C.; Johnson, R.G.

1994-01-01

The records of 1018 patients with low back pain in a tertiary spine referral practice were reviewed. One hundred thirty-nine out of 1018 (13.6%) underwent technetium-99m planar bone scannings as part of their investigation. Seventy-three out of 139 scans (52%) showed increased uptake in some area, but only 27 out of 139 (19.4%) showed increased uptake specifically in the low back. Scans consistently yielded no findings with reference to the back when the prescan diagnosis was spinal stenosis, lumbar pain syndrome, herniated nucleus pulposus, or postlaminectomy syndrome. Some scans gave positive findings in patients with a diagnosis of degenerative disc disease, pseudoarthrosis, spondylolisthesis, fracture, infection, metabolic disorder, or tumor. Positive scans were generally obtained early after presentation (within 3 months) and negative scans obtained later (after 6 months), suggesting that clinical suspicion is still the main indication for early scanning. Planar bone scanning was helpful in both diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making in many conditions. (orig.)

Accumulation of Tc-99m-MIBI and Tc-99m-tetrofosmin in tumor cells. Uptake and washout studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodrigues, M.; Aghajanian, A.A.; Sinzinger, H.; Kalinowska, W.; Zielinski, C.

2002-01-01

Aim: To investigate in-vitro the uptake and washout of Tc-99m-MIBI and Tc-99m-tetrofosmin in human breast adenocarcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma cell lines. Methods: The uptake of Tc-99m-MIBI and Tc-99m-tetrofosmin (at 37 0 C, 10, 30 and 60 minutes after incubation with 7.4x10E5 Bq each tracer) was investigated in breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells, synovial sarcoma SW 982 cells and chondrosarcoma SW 1353 cells (concentration of 1x10E6 cells/ml incubation medium). Tracer uptake in cells incubated with ouabain (Na/K-ATPase pump inhibitor; 100 μM and 1mM; 15 and 30 minutes), nigericin (increases mitochondrial potential and disrupts cell membrane potential; 5 and 50 μg/ml; 15 minutes) and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) (depolarizes mitochondrial membrane; 10 and 100 μM; 30 minutes) was compared to that in cells without incubation with chemical agents (control cells). The washout (at 37 0 C, 10-60 minutes, 30 and 60 minutes after tracer incubation) of Tc-99m-MIBI and Tc-99m-tetrofosmin was studied in MCF-7 cells, SK-BR-3 cells , SW 1353 cells and fibrosarcoma SW 684 cells. Results: Cellular tracer uptake decreased with ouabain (decrease of Tc-99m-tetrofosmin > Tc-99m-MIBI in SK-BR-3 cells and SW 982 cells) and increased with nigericin (increase of Tc-99m-MIBI > Tc-99m-tetrofosmin in all cells) as compared to the uptake in control cells. With CCCP, decrease of Tc-99m-MIBI uptake in cells preincubated with nigericin was higher than that in cells under basal conditions, whereas a similar decrease of Tc-99m-tetrofosmin uptake in these two group of cells was found. Washout of Tc-99m-MIBI from all cells was lower than that of Tc-99m-tetrofosmin. No significant difference in cell-associated activity of both tracers was found between washout after 30 minutes and that after 60 minutes of incubation, in all cells. Washout of Tc-99m-MIBI from SK-BR-3 cells Tc-99m-tetrofosmin) and Na/K-ATPase pump (Tc-99m-tetrofosmin > Tc-99m-MIBI). Tc-99m-MIBI and

Experimental studies of the physiologic properties of technetium-99m agents: Myocardial transport of perfusion imaging agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meerdink, D.J.; Leppo, J.A.

1990-01-01

The physiologic properties of new technetium-99m-labeled myocardial imaging agents (Tc-99m sestamibi, an isonitrile; and Tc-99m teboroxime, a boronic acid adduct of technetium dioxime) are discussed and compared to thallium-201 (Tl-201). Studies with isolated hearts, subcellular fractions and cell cultures indicate that Tc-99m sestamibi, Tc-99m teboroxime and Tl-201 do not share common transport or sequestration mechanisms. Although peak Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial extraction over time is about half that of Tl-201 at equivalent coronary blood flows, the amount of Tc-99m sestamibi that remains in the heart is similar to that of Tl-201 because of its higher retention efficiency. The high retention efficiency for Tc-99m sestamibi also results in minimal redistribution. In contrast, Tc-99m teboroxime myocardial extraction is higher than that of Tl-201, but its retention is less efficient, resulting in relatively rapid washout characteristics which may quickly result in tracer redistribution. During reperfusion after a no-flow period, Tc-99m sestamibi extraction and retention increase, but for Tc-99m teboroxime and Tl-201 these values tend to decrease. All tracers show adequate transport characteristics for perfusion imaging, and differences in transport and retention should lead to the development of new clinical protocols.27 references

Technetium-99m DMSA preparation: Trivial issues causing severe problems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, V.

1997-01-01

Urinary tract infection (UTI) in children involving renal parenchyma, upper collecting system or bladder is one of the major causes for consideration in the diagnosis and management of paediatric nuclear medicine. Acute pyelonephritis is one of the prime causes of morbidity associated with urinary tract infection in children which can lead to progressive renal damage. Technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is used extensively for the assessment of UTI in paediatrics. The radiopharmaceutical preparation could be influenced by several factors, most of them are trivial, but invariably have severe impact on the quality of the scintiphotographs. This communication is mainly to highlight some of the issues related to 99 mTc-DMSA preparation and the possible precautionary measures that need to be taken to obviate unwarranted problems. (author)

Migration pathways of hypodermically injected technetium-99 m in dogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovacs, F.M.; Mufraggi, N.; Garcia, A.; Pavia, J.; Giralt, I.; Piera, C.; Setoain, J.; Garcia, F.; Prandi, D.; Gotzens, V.

2000-01-01

Hypodermic injection of technetium-99 m ( 99 m TC-pertechnetate) at points of low electrical resistance give rise to rapid, longitudinal, and progressive diffusion of the radioactive tracer. We assessed the effect of cutaneous incisions that did not intersect the migration trajectory of 99 m Tc-pertechnetate and the re-establishment of pathways after the suture of incisions that intersected the migration trajectory. Linear and rapid migration of 99 m Tc-pertechnetate was not altered or prevented by incisions that did not intersect the migration pathway. Different patterns of 99 m Tc-pertechnetate spread were found when incisions intersected the radioactive pathways until restoration of the normal migration pathway observed in undamaged skin occurred. In all experiments in which migration of 99 m Tc-pertechnetate was observed, lavage of surgical wounds was followed by disappearance of the 99 m Tc-pertechnetate migration observed around the suture. Linear migration of the tracer was not observed when the incision was left uncovered, filled with petroleum jelly, or with a solid silicone sheet, but it was seen when non-sutured incisions were filled with transonic or silicone gel or covered with a solid silicone sheet parallel to the cutaneous plane. These data show that after a cutaneous incision that intersected the diffusion trajectory of the radioactive tracer, linear migration of 99 m Tc-pertechnetate hypodermically injected at points of low electrical resistance was restored before healing of the cutaneous incision and was independent of incisions made on the skin not overlying the radioactive pathway. A mechanism similar to that of capillary electrophoresis is suggested to explain the hypodermic diffusion of inert particles through specific and constant linear pathways. (orig.)

Values of (99m)Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile imaging after first-time large-dose (131)I therapy in treating differentiated thyroid cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Pan, Xiaomei; Duan, Dong; Zhu, Yuquan; Pang, Hua; Guan, Lili; Lv, Zhixiang

2016-01-01

The aim of this study is to investigate the use of (99m)Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) imaging for evaluating the treatment response of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after the first administration of a high dose of (131)I. Patients with DTC who received (131)I therapy underwent (99m)Tc-MIBI imaging after successive increases in the therapeutic dose of (131)I, and the serum levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) were measured. A total of 191 patients were enrolled in the final analysis, including 65 metastases and/or thyroid remnant-positive patients (22 patients with metastases and 43 patients with thyroid remnants). The sensitivity of (99m)Tc-MIBI imaging for detecting positive cases and thyroid remnants was 56.9% and 39.5%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of (131)I imaging (92.3% and 100%, respectively, PTc-MIBI imaging for detecting metastases was 90.9%, which was slightly higher than that of (131)I imaging (77.3%, P>0.05). The Tg levels in the positive group were significantly higher than that in the negative group (PTc-MIBI(+)/(131)I(-) group were significantly higher than that in the (131)I(+)/(99m)Tc-MIBI group (PTc-MIBI imaging was able to detect the existence of metastatic lesions in patients with DTC better, its assessment for the removal efficiency of thyroid remnants was unsatisfactory. The results of (99m)Tc-MIBI imaging showed good correlations with the Tg level.

Tc-99m MIBI SPECT in prediction of prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akgun, A.; Cok, G.; Karapolat, I.; Goksel, T.; Burak, Z.

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the degree of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) uptake and its retention in delayed imaging in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was correlated with the response to multiagent chemotherapy and to investigate if there was a relationship between the survival time of patients with SCLC and Tc-99m MIBI SPECT tumor uptake parameters at the time of diagnosis. Between 1998 and by December 2004, 40 patients with SCLC were studied with Tc-99m MIBI SPECT at the time of diagnosis. The patients were classified by a follow-up CT as good responders (complete or partial remission) and poor responders (stable disease or progressive disease). Following i.v. administration of 740 MBq Tc-99m MIBI, SPECT imaging at 30 minutes (early) and 2 hours (delayed) was performed. Regions of interests were placed over the tumors and contralateral normal lung tissue on one transverse section. The uptake ratio of the lesion to that in the contralateral normal lung was obtained from early images (early ratio; ER) as well as delayed images (delayed ratio; DR). The retention index (RI%) was measured as: RI%=[(DR-ER)/ER] x 100. Tc-99m MIBI tumor uptake parameters were compared with chemotherapeutic response and survival time. Of 40 patients, 29 patients were good responders (72.5%) and 11 patients were poor responders (27.5%). RI% of Tc-99m MIBI SPECT in the group of good response was significantly higher than in that with poor response (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to ER or DR values. Four of 40 patients were still alive with disease (10%). The patient survival time varied from 1 to 70 months (mean survival time=12.9±13.4 months). There was no significant difference between the survival time of patients with respect to ER or DR of Tc-99m MIBI SPECT imaging. When median RI% was accepted as a cut-off value (-3.85%), patients with higher RI% values had a longer survival

Uptake of myocardial imaging agents by rejected hearts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bergsland, J.; Carr, E.A.; Carroll, M.; Wright, J.W.; Feldman, M.J.; Massucci, J.; Bhayana, J.N.; Gona, J.M.

1985-01-01

Technetium 99 m pyrophosphate, Gallium 67 and Thallium 201 uptakes were measured in heterotopically transplanted rat hearts. Five days after transplantation, Technetium 99 m pyrophosphate, and Gallium 67 uptakes were significantly higher in allogeneic grafts than in syngeneic grafts. At an early stage of rejection (three days after transplantation), only Technetium 99 m pyrophosphate uptake in the left ventricle of allogeneic grafts showed a significant difference (p less than 0.04). At five days, Thallium 201 uptake was significantly lower in allo- than syngeneic grafts. There was a positive correlation between radionuclide uptake and histologic degree of rejection for Technetium 99 m pyrophosphate and Gallium 67 while Thallium 201 uptake correlated negatively. Analysis of variance revealed that hearts with no or minimal rejection had statistically different uptakes than hearts with mild to moderate rejection. These results suggest that uptake of imaging agents might be useful in the diagnosis of rejection of the transplanted heart

Radiopharmacokinetic data for 99mTc-ABP - A new radiopharmaceutical for bone scanning: Comparison with 99mTc-MDP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murphy, Consuelo Arteaga de; Melendez-Alafort, Laura; Montoya-Molina, Carlos E.; Sepulveda-Mendez, Jesus

1997-01-01

Technetium-99m-labeled alendronate is a new radiopharmaceutical for bone scanning developed under strict quality control at the INNSZ. The purpose of this work was to compare the radiopharmacokinetic data and the dosimetry of 99m Tc-ABP and 99m Tc-MDP in 10 volunteers, after it was tested in laboratory animals. 99m Tc-ABP has shorter mean residence time (MRT) and t (1(2)) β; is less protein bound; has a higher renal clearance; smaller Vdss, and similar bone uptake at 1 and 2 h. 99m Tc-ABP gives less radiation exposure to the patient with a 740 MBq dose, and the quality of the bone scan is excellent. 99m Tc-ABP is a better radiopharmaceutical than 99m Tc-MDP for bone scanning

Kit development for labelling erythrocytes or leukocytes with technetium-99m in vitro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Xuebin; Han Quansheng; Wang Jingcheng; Mi Hongzhi

1996-01-01

This study developed a modified pre tinning method for labeling erythrocytes with technetium-99m in vitro using a kit which contains stannous chloride stabilized with geneticist acid (GA) in lyophilized form. This GA-kit a sterile closed system that does not require centrifugation,washing and separation of the RBCs. The kit is simple to use and labeling takes ∼ 30 min with a typical labeling efficiency of 97.3% ± 1.2% for 60 determinations. Imaging studies were performed in rabbit using GA-kit in vitro labeling procedure and PYP-kit in vivo labeling. It shows that the heart-to-background ratio with GA in vitro labeling were significantly higher than with in vivo labeling. Leukocytes labeling with technetium-99m using the same GA kit also was studied. The labeling efficiency was 20 ∼ 41%. Thus, the GA kit is versatile and cost-effective. (author). 21 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs

Can tumor uptake Tc-99m MDP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Y.S.F.; Zeng, Z.J.; Yao, Y.M.; Shi, S.M.P.; Shi, S.Z.Y.

2002-01-01

Aim: To study a distribution of Tc-99m MDP in mice bearing tumor cell lines. Methods: The uptake of Tc-99m MDP was analyzed in seven human tumor cell lines (SPC-A1 adenocarcinoma of lung cancer, P37 Breast cancer, T24 Bladder cancer, SKOV2 Ovary carcinoma, Hela-229 Cervical carcinoma, Osteosarcoma, A375 Melanoma) and one mouse lung cancer cell line (Lewis). They were transplanted into 13, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5 athymic mice, 6 SCID nude mice and 4 C57 black mice, respectively. Approximately 10(7) cells of each cell line were injected subcutaneously into a right chest of mouse. After 5∼6 weeks, the Tc-99m MDP scintigraphy were determined 5-6 hours after i.v. injection of 74MBq in 0.05ml every mouse. Result: Biodistribution and tumor uptake MDP was different in the various cell types investigated. Region of interests (RIOs) placed on a small part of the tumor and horizontal copied to left chest or spine of mice in Tc-99m MDP imaging and the average count ratio (tumor to background ratio: T/B, tumor to spine ratio: T/NT) in each ROI was calculated. 13 nude mice bearing the adenocarcinoma (SPC-A1) were sacrificed and biodistribution was determined after Tc-99m MDP scintigraphy. Results were expressed as % injected dose/gram (%ID/g), mean±SD. T-ulcer=ulcer of tumor, T-round=surrounding of tumor, T-center=the center of tumor, Thor-sp=thoracic spine, Lum-ver=lumbar vertebra, LN=lymph node. Conclusions: Tumor can uptake Tc-99m MDP including adenocarcinoma. Higher uptake rate in the center tissue of tumor is than other part of tumor. It maybe connected with necrosis or fibrosis of tumor

Technetium-99m-Labeled Autologous Serum Albumin: A Personal-Exclusive Source of Serum Component

OpenAIRE

Wang, Yuh-Feng; Chen, Yi-Chun; Li, Dian-Kun; Chuang, Mei-Hua

2011-01-01

Technetium-99m human serum albumin (99mTc-HSA) is an important radiopharmaceutical required in nuclear medicine studies. However, the risk of transfusion-transmitted infection remains a major safety concern. Autopreparation of serum component acquired from patient provides a “personal-exclusive” source for radiolabeling. This paper is to evaluate the practicality of on-site elusion and subsequent radiolabeling efficacy for serum albumin. Results showed that the autologous elute contained more...

Prediction of remission in Graves' disease after thionamide therapy by technetium-99m early uptake

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Misaki, Takashi; Dokoh, Shigeharu; Koh, Toshikiyo; Shimbo, Shin-ichiro; Hidaka, Akinari; Iida, Yasuhiro; Kasagi, Kanji; Konishi, Junji.

1991-01-01

In the clinical management of Graves' thyrotoxicosis, one of the most important subject is when to stop antithyroid drugs after achieving an euthyroid state. T 3 suppression test and other methods have been used to forecast the outcome after drug cessation, but the results were not always satisfactory. We have attempted to predict remission of Graves' disease by single measurement of early technetium uptake without administration of triiodothyronine. Drugs were discontinued in the seventy-five patients with Graves' disease on maintenance doses of either methimazole or propylthiouracil who showed normalized uptake (4.0% or less). Of 64 patients evaluable after twelve months, 55 (86%) remained euthyroid, 8 relapsed, and 1 became hypothyoid. With its accuracy in prediction of short-term remission comparable or superior to T 3 suppression test, this rapid and simple method seemed suitable for routine use in clinical practice. (author)

Quantification of myocardial infarct size by technetium-99m pyrophosphate single photon emission computed tomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamamoto, Hiromichi; Fukuyama, Takaya; Aoki, Makoto; Inou, Tetsuji; Ashihara, Toshiaki; Nabeyama, Shyohzou; Yamamoto, Yuhsuke

1989-04-01

Myocardial infarct size in 41 patients with the first attack of acute transmural myocardial infarction (MI) was assessed by technetium-99m pyrophosphate single photon emission computed tomography (/sup 99m/TcPYP-SPECT). A ratio of the number of voxels of /sup 99m/TcPYP uptake into the infarct area to that into the thorax was calculated as a parameter of MI size. The ratio was positively correlated with both peak CPK activity (r=0.53, p<0.005, n=24) and extent score in /sup 201/Tl-SPECT (r=0.70, p<0.005, n=14) significantly in patients with anterior MI but not in patients with inferior MI. There was also significant negative correlation between the ratio and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by RI angiography in both acute (r=-0.67, p<0.005, n=18) and chronic (r=-0.75, p<0.005, n=25) phases in patients with anterior MI. Recovery in LVEF at chronic phase was noted in patients with small anterior MI but not with large anterior MI. Eight of 14 patients with inferior MI had right ventricular MI, that might have affected evaluation of MI size and resulted in no correlation between variables. It was suggested that /sup 99m/TcPYP-SPECT was a useful method to evaluate MI size and to predict prognosis of cardiac function in patients with anterior MI but not in patients with inferior MI. (author).

Technetium-99m carboxymethylcellulose: A newly developed fibre marker for gastric emptying studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schade, J.H.; Hoving, J.; Brouweres, J.R.B.J.; Riedstra-van Gent, H.G.; Zijlstra, J.; Dijkstra, J.P.H.

1991-01-01

We report a study of technetium-99m-labelled carboxymethyl-cellulose ( 99m Tc-CMC) as a newly developed non-digestible marker of the solid phase of gastric contents. The radiosynthesis is simple and shows a high labelling efficiency. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated stability of the marker in the gastrointestinal tract during the process of gastric emptying. The gastric half-emptying time in ten healthy volunteers of both sexes was 105±17 min (mean±SD). This rate of gastric emptying is similar to that of non-digestible solid-phase markers such as in vivo labelled 99m Tc-chicken liver or radio-iodinated cellulose. In comparison with digestible solid-phase markers such as 99m Tc-labelled pancake or 99m Tc-cooked egg, gastric emptying of 99m Tc-CMC occurred more slowly, confirming the expected behaviour of a non-digestible solid-phase marker. We conclude that 99m Tc-CMC has the advantage of a simple and rapid labelling procedure and may be useful for clinical studies of gastric emptying. (orig.)

A solvent-extraction module for cyclotron production of high-purity technetium-99m.

Science.gov (United States)

Martini, Petra; Boschi, Alessandra; Cicoria, Gianfranco; Uccelli, Licia; Pasquali, Micòl; Duatti, Adriano; Pupillo, Gaia; Marengo, Mario; Loriggiola, Massimo; Esposito, Juan

2016-12-01

The design and fabrication of a fully-automated, remotely controlled module for the extraction and purification of technetium-99m (Tc-99m), produced by proton bombardment of enriched Mo-100 molybdenum metallic targets in a low-energy medical cyclotron, is here described. After dissolution of the irradiated solid target in hydrogen peroxide, Tc-99m was obtained under the chemical form of 99m TcO 4 - , in high radionuclidic and radiochemical purity, by solvent extraction with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). The extraction process was accomplished inside a glass column-shaped vial especially designed to allow for an easy automation of the whole procedure. Recovery yields were always >90% of the loaded activity. The final pertechnetate saline solution Na 99m TcO 4 , purified using the automated module here described, is within the Pharmacopoeia quality control parameters and is therefore a valid alternative to generator-produced 99m Tc. The resulting automated module is cost-effective and easily replicable for in-house production of high-purity Tc-99m by cyclotrons. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects of neutron irradiation on red blood cell labeling with technetium-99m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eng, R.R.; Conklin, J.J.; Grissom, M.P.

1982-01-01

The effects of in vivo and in vitro neutron irradiation on red blood cell radiolabeling with technetium-99m (Tc-99m) were studied. Blood from three dogs was irradiated with neutrons (725 rads, free in air dose) followed by radiolabeling with Tc-99m. The three dogs were subsequently whole body, neutron irradiated (250 rads, midline dose); and blood samples were drawn for radiolabeling at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post-irradiation. Blood from three control dogs was also drawn and radiolabeled on each day for comparison. The results show that there were no significant differences between the radiolabeling capacities of in vivo or in vitro neutron irradiated and control RBCs

Technetium {sup 99m}Tc Pertechnetate Brain Scanning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rhee, Sang Min; Park, Jin Yung; Lee, Ahn Ki; Chung, Choo Il; Hong, Chang Gi [Capital Army Hospital, ROKA, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Rhee, Chong Heon; Koh, Chang Soon [Radiological Research Institute, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1968-03-15

Technetium {sup 99}mTc pertechnetate brain scanning were performed in 3 cases of head injury (2 chronic subdural hematomas and 1 acute epidural hematoma), 2 cases of brain abscess and 1 case of intracerebral hematoma associated with arteriovenous anomaly. In all the cases brain scintigrams showed 'hot areas.' Literatures on radioisotope scanning of intracranial lesions were briefly reviewed. With the improvement of radioisotope scanner and development of new radiopharmaceuticals brain scanning became a safe and useful screening test for diagnosis of intracranial lesions. Brain scanning can be easily performed even to a moribund patient without any discomfort and risk to the patient which are associated with cerebral angiography or pneumoencephalography. Brain scanning has been useful in diagnosis of brain tumor, brain abscess, subdural hematoma, and cerebral vascular diseases. In 80 to 90% of brain tumors positive scintigrams can be expected. Early studies were done with 203 Hg-Neohydrin or {sup 131}I-serum albumin. With these agents, however, patients receive rather much radiation to the whole body and kidneys. In 1965 Harper introduced {sup 99}mTc to reduce radiation dose to the patient and improve statistical variation in isotope scanning.

Cellular uptake of 99mTcN-NOET in human leukaemic HL-60 cells is related to calcium channel activation and cell proliferation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guillermet, Stephanie; Vuillez, Jean-Philippe; Caravel, Jean-Pierre; Marti-Batlle, Daniele; Fagret, Daniel; Fontaine, Eric; Pasqualini, Roberto

2006-01-01

A major goal of nuclear oncology is the development of new radiolabelled tracers as proliferation markers. Intracellular calcium waves play a fundamental role in the course of the cell cycle. These waves occur in non-excitable tumour cells via store-operated calcium channels (SOCCs). Bis(N-ethoxy, N-ethyldithiocarbamato) nitrido technetium (V)-99m ( 99m TcN-NOET) has been shown to interact with L-type voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs) in cultured cardiomyocytes. Considering the analogy between VOCCs and SOCCs, we sought to determine whether 99m TcN-NOET also binds to activated SOCCs in tumour cells in order to clarify the potential value of this tracer as a proliferation marker. Uptake kinetics of 99m TcN-NOET were measured in human leukaemic HL-60 cells over 60 min and the effect of several calcium channel modulators on 1-min tracer uptake was studied. The uptake kinetics of 99m TcN-NOET were compared both with the variations of cytosolic free calcium concentration measured by indo-1/AM and with the variations in the SG 2 M cellular proliferation index. All calcium channel inhibitors significantly decreased the cellular uptake of 99m TcN-NOET whereas the activator thapsigargin induced a significant 10% increase. In parallel, SOCC activation by thapsigargin, as measured using the indo-1/AM probe, was inhibited by nicardipine. These results indicate that the uptake of 99m TcN-NOET is related to the activation of SOCCs. Finally, a correlation was observed between the tracer uptake and variations in the proliferation index SG 2 M. The uptake of 99m TcN-NOET seems to be related to SOCC activation and to cell proliferation in HL-60 cells. These results indicate that 99m TcN-NOET might be a marker of cell proliferation. (orig.)

Contribution to the study of the red blood cells labelled with chromium-51 and technetium-99 m

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Canine, M.S.

1983-01-01

Although the bindings of Cr-51 and Tc-99 m were both in the β chain of hemoglobin molecule, the results obtained after previous incubations of the RBC with chromium and technetium, and the determinations of the efficiency of the labeling of RBC showed that the points of fixing of chromium and technetium with β chain of hemoglobin were probably different. The observations through the optic microscope allowed the verification that, at the concentration of 100 mg/ml of Cr-50, there were morphologic in the RBC. These modifications were not found after the other treatments. The comparison between scintigraphy obtained with Tc-99 m or Cr-51 RBC suggested that the technique which employs Tc-99 m can be more adequate than the one with Cr-51. (author)

Technetium-99m sestamibi leg scintigraphy for non-invasive assessment of propionyl-l-carnitine induced changes in skeletal muscle metabolism

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cittanti, C. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ferrara (Italy); Colamussi, P. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ferrara (Italy); Giganti, M. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ferrara (Italy); Orlandi, C. [MEDCO Research, Inc., North Carolina (United States); Uccelli, L. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ferrara (Italy); Manfrini, S. [Surgical Pathology Institute, University of Ferrara (Italy); Azzena, G. [Surgical Pathology Institute, University of Ferrara (Italy); Piffanelli, A. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ferrara (Italy)

1997-07-01

Carnitine derivatives, such as propionyl-l-carnitine (PLC), have been shown to improve walking distance in patients with obstructive peripheral artery disease (PAOD). The aim of this study was to ascertain whether technetium-99m sestamibi leg scintigraphy may be a useful tool in the evaluation of changes in skeletal muscle metabolism induced by chronic therapy with PLC. Twenty patients with clinical and instrumental evidence of PAOD were randomly assigned to a 3-month period of therapy with either PLC or placebo. Rest {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi leg scintigraphy and echo-Doppler sonography were performed on all subjects immediately before and upon completion of the treatment period. At the end of the protocol the following results were observed in patients who underwent PLC administration: (a) a significant increase in both thigh and calf {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi uptake, in comparison with baseline values (P<0.001); (b) the absence of statistically significant modifications of Doppler blood flow indices of the lower limbs. In conclusion, after chronic administration of PLC, a significant increment in skeletal muscle uptake of {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi was demonstrated without any apparent change in regional blood flow. This fact, if proven in further studies, may suggest a role for this tracer as a non-invasive probe of tissue bioenergetics. (orig.). With 4 figs., 4 tabs.

Ibuprofen induces reduction of the proliferation-seeking radiotracer 99mTc-(V)DMSA uptake in severe epithelial breast hyperplasia without atypia.

Science.gov (United States)

Papantoniou, Vassilios; Tsaroucha, Angeliki; Valsamaki, Pipitsa; Tsiouris, Spyridon; Sotiropoulou, Evangelia; Karianos, Theodore; Marinopoulos, Spyridon; Fothiadaki, Athina; Sotiropoulou, Maria; Archontaki, Aikaterini; Syrgiannis, Konstantinos; Dimitrakakis, Konstantinos; Antsaklis, Aris

2010-10-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate if ibuprofen intake can influence mammary uptake of the proliferation-seeking radiotracer technetium 99m-pentavalent dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-(V)DMSA) in women with severe epithelial and atypical epithelial breast hyperplasia. Eight patients with histologically confirmed severe epithelial breast hyperplasia with (n  =  4) and without atypia (n  =  4) were submitted prospectively to 99mTc-(V)DMSA scintimammography before and after a 4-week course of 400 mg ibuprofen daily oral intake. Lesion to background ratios 60 minutes postinjection were calculated and compared (t-test) before and after ibuprofen administration. Prior to ibuprofen, the patients with severe epithelial hyperplasia displayed a significantly higher 99mTc-(V)DMSA uptake ratio compared to those with atypical epithelial hyperplasia (2.40 ± 0.32 vs 1.67 ± 0.09, respectively; p  =  .003). They also exhibited a more substantial percent decline in tracer uptake postibuprofen compared to women with atypical epithelial hyperplasia (62.0 ± 7.1 vs 15.0 ± 0.2, respectively; p  =  .001). Ibuprofen induces significant uptake reduction of the proliferation-seeking radiotracer 99mTc-(V)DMSA in severe epithelial breast hyperplasia without atypia. This agent could therefore constitute a potential imaging tool for monitoring chemoprophylaxis effectiveness in women at the early stages of malignant transformation.

Study with radio aerosol of DTPA technetium-99 m in individuals with pulmonary disease by amiodarone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terra Filho, M.

1989-01-01

In order to evaluate the role of the clearance of 99 m Technetium chelated to diethylenetriamine-penta-acetate (99 m Tc-DTPA) in amiodarone induced pulmonary disease, 40 individuals were studied in four groups. After spirometry, where a volume-time curve was registered, all individuals inhaled 740 MBq of 99 m Tc-DTPA diluted in 4 ml of saline, for five minutes. Pulmonary images were obtained in a computerized scintillation camera and 9 regions of interest were selected. (author)

Fractionation of Cardiolite for clinical use: comparative evaluation of radiochemical purity by thin-layer and paper chromatography of 99mTc-hexakis-2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile complex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Albernaz, M.S.; Pantoja, M.R.; Martinho, M.J.R.; Fonseca, M.L.B.; Bernardo-Filho, Mario

1996-01-01

Twenty-five vials of the previous divided Cardiolite (technetium-99m-hexakis-2-metoxi-isobutyl-isonitrile) were evaluated immediately after labeling with technetium-99m and in 15 them the specific activity assurance was checked at hourly intervals up to 3 hours. Quality control assessment comprised instant thin-layer chromatography, as suggested by the manufacturer, compared to paper chromatography which is widely available and less expensive than the former. Among the 25 bottles, 21 had a radiochemical purity higher than 89%. The redistribution of the Cardiolite in small doses vacuum containers was a practical and reliable technique. The technetium-99m-isonitrile was a stable radiochemical compound thought the three hours period of observation and proved adequate for clinical use. When thin-layer and paper chromatography were compared there was no significant difference regarding radiochemical purity. (author)

Specifications and Quality of Technetium99m Produced diopharmaceuticals According to Good Manufacturing Practice Regulations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abudaia, Jamal; Ben Othman, Monji H.; Maatoug, Maatoug A.; Maatoug, M. Omar

2003-01-01

A Technological revolution has occurred in the last two decades of this century in field of Cold Kits preparations processed by Lyophilization technique (A drying process while frozen) which are labeled afterwards with Technetium-99m radionuclide. Such materials are intended to be used as Radiopharmaceutical probes in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis of dynamic and static conditions of organs, and therefore; uncovering of diseases and syndromes targeting humans. Preferability and the advantages of such kits labeled with Technetium-99m radionuclide over other types of radiopharmaceuticals is attributed to the unique physical properties of the radionuclide including its short half life of 6.02 hours, low photon energy of 140 keV, lacking of alpha and beta particles which are usually exposing patients to have additional exposed doses. Moreover, simplicity in obtaining such radionuclide in form portable generators containing the mother radionuclide Molybdenum - 99 (i.e. solvent extraction generators or adsorption column chromatographic generators) for-on-the- spot-labeling, and the ability of formulating the cold kits as chemical complexes located at different organs of human body. Those lyophilized kits intended for radiopharmaceutical preparations labeled with Technetium - 99m radionuclide must stand for quality assurance standards and assessments for the sake of safety, efficiency, apyrogenecity, radiochemical purity, in- vivo stability and suitability for the endeavor planed for. Therefore, in order to control and optimize those considerations, implementations of the so-called GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE composed of regulations and constitutional laws related to the process of preparation and final produced preparation must take place.(author)

99m-technetium tetrofosmin and 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate in pre-surgical breast cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piperkova, E.; Gavrilov, I.; Timcheva, K.; Garanina, Z.; Aleksandrova, E.; Katerinski, K.; Dimitrova, M.

2004-01-01

data was compared with mammography and histological findings. Semi-quantitative analysis was carried out by drawing regions of interest over the lesion and background so as to calculate T/B (tumour / background) or N/B (node / background) ratios. With Tc-99m TF, a total of 25 true positive breast and 11 lymph node lesions could be identified. Primary breast lesion was detected in one patient having palpable lymph node but non-palpable breast lump. Seven patients showed diffuse non-homogeneous uptake of TF with T/B ratio less than 1.4. T/B and N/B ratio of >1.45 was considered to represent malignancy. Tc-99m MDP SMM did not show any false negative result. In the early images, the tumour was recognized as a well-defined focus of increased uptake but decreased in intensity in later images. On WBBS painless bone metastases were detected in two patients thus changing stage from IIa to IV. Tc-99m TF SMM was positive in 6 patients in stage 1, 8 in IIa, 1 in I?b, 9 in IIIa and 2 in stage IV patients. All patients of stage IIIa received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, using FEC protocol (5-Fluorouracil, Epirubicin/Farmarubicin and Cyclophosphamide). After completion of four courses, 4 patients did not show the tracer uptake on repeat SMM. Our data of Tc-99m TF SMM showed sensitivity of 97.3%, specificity 98.3%, accuracy 98%, PPV 97% and NPV of 98%. The results of this study confirm the utility of Tc-99m TF SMM in the management of patients with breast lesions. This radiopharmaceutical may be a convenient alternative to 99mTc-sestamibi because no boiling is required in its preparation. In conclusion, our study suggests that 99mTc-TF and 99mTc-MDP scintigraphies are useful tools to stage the breast cancer and predict prognosis. (author)

Technetium-99m sestamibi imaging in paediatric neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma and its relation to P-glycoprotein

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moerloose, B. de; Dhooge, C.; Benoit, Y.; Laureys, G.; Wiele, C. van de; Dierckx, R.A.; Philippe, J.; Speleman, F.

1999-01-01

Imaging with technetium-99m sestamibi offers a non-invasive approach to detect the presence of functional P-glycoprotein (Pgp), one of the major causes of multidrug resistance, in human malignancies. A clinical role for Pgp has been suggested in the subpopulation of primary neuroblastoma without amplification of the proto-oncogene MYCN. We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of 99m Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy in the screening of neural crest tumours for the presence of Pgp. In ten children suffering from MYCN-negative neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma or ganglioneuroma, 99m Tc-sestamibi imaging was performed at initial diagnosis. All patients underwent planar imaging 20-30 min and 3.5-4 h after intravenous injection of 740 MBq/1.73 m 2 99m Tc-sestamibi. Tumour to normal tissue ratios, as well as washout rates, were determined and compared with in vitro flow cytometric analysis of Pgp expression and function. Pgp expression was analysed flow cytometrically with the monoclonal antibodies 4E3 and MRK16, and Pgp function was evaluated by means of rhodamine 123 uptake and efflux either in the absence or in the presence of the Pgp inhibitor verapamil. In nine of ten patients, we found that the intratumoral 99m Tc-sestamibi activity was comparable to the background activity, which might be suggestive of Pgp presence. This was confirmed flow cytometrically in all but one patient. 99m Tc-sestamibi enhancement was seen in the primary tumour and the bone marrow metastases of one of the ten patients, and this result was concordant with a negative Pgp status. The findings presented suggest that 99m Tc-sestamibi imaging results might correlate with the presence of functional Pgp in neural crest tumours without MYCN amplification. (orig.)

Technetium-99m sestamibi imaging in paediatric neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma and its relation to P-glycoprotein

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moerloose, B. de; Dhooge, C.; Benoit, Y.; Laureys, G. [Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Gent (Belgium); Wiele, C. van de; Dierckx, R.A. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Gent (Belgium); Philippe, J. [Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital Gent (Belgium); Speleman, F. [Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Gent (Belgium)

1999-04-29

Imaging with technetium-99m sestamibi offers a non-invasive approach to detect the presence of functional P-glycoprotein (Pgp), one of the major causes of multidrug resistance, in human malignancies. A clinical role for Pgp has been suggested in the subpopulation of primary neuroblastoma without amplification of the proto-oncogene MYCN. We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy in the screening of neural crest tumours for the presence of Pgp. In ten children suffering from MYCN-negative neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma or ganglioneuroma, {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi imaging was performed at initial diagnosis. All patients underwent planar imaging 20-30 min and 3.5-4 h after intravenous injection of 740 MBq/1.73 m{sup 2} {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi. Tumour to normal tissue ratios, as well as washout rates, were determined and compared with in vitro flow cytometric analysis of Pgp expression and function. Pgp expression was analysed flow cytometrically with the monoclonal antibodies 4E3 and MRK16, and Pgp function was evaluated by means of rhodamine 123 uptake and efflux either in the absence or in the presence of the Pgp inhibitor verapamil. In nine of ten patients, we found that the intratumoral {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi activity was comparable to the background activity, which might be suggestive of Pgp presence. This was confirmed flow cytometrically in all but one patient. {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi enhancement was seen in the primary tumour and the bone marrow metastases of one of the ten patients, and this result was concordant with a negative Pgp status. The findings presented suggest that {sup 99m}Tc-sestamibi imaging results might correlate with the presence of functional Pgp in neural crest tumours without MYCN amplification. (orig.) With 4 figs., 2 tabs., 44 refs.

Sup(99m) Technetium - labeled red blood cells 'in vitro'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernardo Filho, M.; Souza Moura, I.N. de; Boasquevisque, E.M.

1983-01-01

A simple technique for the preparation of sup(99m) Tc labeled red blood cells using a comercial kit is described. To each 3ml of plain blood with anti-coagulant was added 1ml of solution of commercial kit with 6.8 μg of stannous chloride. This mixture was incubated in water bath, at 37 0 C, for 60 minutes. Then technetium-99m was added and the mixture was left for another ten minutes, in water bath, at 37 0 C. Under these conditions there was the best labeling of the red blood cells. Similar results were obtained with a solution of stannous chloride prepared freshly. The labeling is strong for 6.8 μg stannous chloride because the labeling was not removed by the several washes of the red blood cells or by the left in water bath. (Author) [pt

Oxygen bubbling can improve the labelling of pentavalent technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kobayashi, Hisataka; Suzuki, K.H.; Sakahara, Harumi; Yao Zhengsheng; Yokoyama, Akira; Konishi, Junji

1995-01-01

We performed studies in animals (mice) and humans to investigate the effect of such oxygen bubbling on the labelling efficiency of and on the renal uptake of 99m Tc. The method of labelling of 99m Tc (V) DMSA was that of Hirano. It was found that oxygen bubbling oxidized the contaminated 99m Tc (III) DMSA into 99m Tc (V) DMSA in vitro and decreased the uptake of radioactivity in the kidney in both amimals and humans. (orig.)

The use of technetium-99m-DTPA in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Von Wenzel, K.S.

1988-03-01

As 82 Br is not available locally in South West Africa on a daily basis a technetium preparation, 99m Tc-DTPA, was used in the diagnosis of patients with tuberculous meningitis. The 99m Tc-DTPA partition test was compared with the 82 Br partition test on 22 trial subjects. The trial subjects varied in age (0,8-57 years), sex and race. There were 7 patients diagnosed by the clinicians as having tuberculous meningitis. All patients were placed on anti-tuberculous meningitis treatment and all, except 2, one of whom regressed and 1 who died 7 days later, improved slowly. The 9 patients with viral meningitis received no antibiotics and recovered rapidly on symptomatic treatment only. With all 5 the septic meningitis cases, the organism was identified and there was thus no diagnostic uncertainty. One normal control subject was also examined. It would appear from the results that both 82 Br, as well as 99m Tc-DTPA, cross the blood-brain barrier to a greater extent in the case of tuberculous meningitis, compared to viral meningitis. Although the accuracy of the 82 Br test, if a critical ratio value of 1,3 was chosen, is 90,6% compared to 86,9% of the 99m Tc-DTPA partition test if a critical ratio value of 3 was chosen, there are still advantages to the use of the technetium preparation. These include the availability, cost and lower radiation dose per MBq as well as the possibility of brain imaging. 10 figs., 58 refs., 9 tabs

Evaluation of inflammatory processes in temporomandibular joint employing technetium-99m-labelled autologous leukocytes in an animal model; Avaliacao de processos inflamatorios na articulacao temporomandibular empregando leucocitos autologos marcados com tecnecio-99m em modelo animal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brasileiro, Claudia Borges [Centro Universitario Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)]. E-mail: claudiabb.prof@newtonpaiva.br; cbbrasileiro@bol.com.br; Cardoso, Valbert Nascimento; Ruckert, Bianca [Minas Gerais Univ., Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Faculdade de Farmacia; Campos, Tarcisio Passos Ribeiro de [Minas Gerais Univ., Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Escola de Engenharia. Dept. de Engenharia Nuclear

2006-07-15

Objective: the present study was aimed at identifying temporomandibular joint inflammatory processes employing technetium-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO)-labeled autonomous leukocytes. Materials and methods: we have utilized an experimental model of arthritis induction in ten adult male New Zealand rabbits by means of ovalbumin intra-articular injection into each left temporomandibular joint. For control purposes, saline solution was injected. After leukocytes radiolabeling with 99mTc-HMPAO and injection into rabbits, scintigraphic images were obtained. Results: a higher 99mTc-HMPAO-leukocytes uptake was observed in left temporomandibular joint in comparison with the contralateral joint. Wilcoxon non-parametric test was applied for statistical analysis. There was a statistically significant difference between counts of radioactivity per minute in the inflamed joint and the contralateral one (p = 0.0073). Conclusion: the method employing 99mTc-HMPAO-labelled autologous leukocytes allows an early and accurate detection of inflammatory processes, contributing to the adoption of a therapeutic conduct for patients before structural alterations have occurred. (author)

Complexes of technetium-99m with tetrapeptides, a new class of 99mTc-labelled agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vanbilloen, Hubert P.; Bormans, Guy M.; Roo, Michel J. de; Verbruggen, Alfons M.

1995-01-01

is concluded that tetrapeptides are an interesting group of technetium complexing agents which can easily be labelled with 99m Tc at room temperature in alkaline medium. This class offers the possibility of a wide variety of derivatives, just by substituting one or more amino acids. This group of ligands thus opens a new research field of 99m Tc-complexes with potential usefulness in several areas

Effect of technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate on bacterial survival in solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stathis, V.J.; Miller, C.M.; Doerr, G.F.; Coffey, J.L.; Hladik, W.B.

1983-01-01

Survival of Staphylococcus epidermidis (10(2) organisms/ml) in solutions containing various levels of radioactivity was assessed. Six test preparations contained nonbacteriostatic 0.9% sodium chloride solution; four of these contained technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate (99mTcO-4) in various quantities (80, 250, 500, and 750 mCi). A fifth contained technetium that had decayed to an essentially nonradioactive form, and a sixth contained 0.9% sodium chloride solution only. Each of the six 20-ml solutions was inoculated with 2 ml of single-strength trypticase soy broth (TSB) containing 10(3) organisms/ml. At various times up to 12 hours after inoculation, 1-ml aliquots of each test solution were withdrawn and passed through 0.22-micron filters, thereby preventing further irradiation of the filtered organisms. The filters were incubated in single-strength TSB at 37 degrees C, and samples were examined for turbidity at 24, 48, and 72 hours. After 24 hours, 25 of the 36 sample tubes showed turbidity; after 48 hours, the turbid samples totaled 28. Bacteria in the two nonradioactive solutions remained viable throughout the 12-hour sampling period. Accumulated doses of radiation obtained in the 250-, 500-, and 750-mCi samples inhibited bacterial growth. To be a valid quality-control measure, sterility monitoring of prepared radiopharmaceutical dosage forms may need to be performed concurrently with their preparation

Guava extract (Psidium guajava) alters the labelling of blood constituents with technetium-99m*

Science.gov (United States)

Abreu, P.R.C.; Almeida, M.C.; Bernardo, R.M.; Bernardo, L.C.; Brito, L.C.; Garcia, E.A.C.; Fonseca, A.S.; Bernardo-Filho, M.

2006-01-01

Psidium guajava (guava) leaf is a phytotherapic used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal and respiratory disturbances and is used as anti-inflammatory medicine. In nuclear medicine, blood constituents (BC) are labelled with technetium-99m (99mTc) and used to image procedures. However, data have demonstrated that synthetic or natural drugs could modify the labelling of BC with 99mTc. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of guava leaves on the labelling of BC with 99mTc. Blood samples of Wistar rats were incubated with different concentrations of guava extract and labelled with 99mTc after the percentage of incorporated radioactivity (%ATI) in BC was determined. The results suggest that aqueous guava extract could present antioxidant action and/or alters the membrane structures involved in ion transport into cells, thus decreasing the radiolabelling of BC with 99mTc. The data showed significant (Pguava extract. PMID:16691636

Evaluation of separate renal function by means of 99mTc-aprotinin uptake test

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aprile, C.; Saponaro, R.; Villa, G.; Carena, M.; Chiari, G.; Salvadeo, A.; Lunghi, F.; Piazza, V.

1986-01-01

The possibility that relative kidney uptake of technetium-99m aprotinin (TcA) might be indicative of separate renal function was investigated in 89 patients who underwent both effective renal plasma flow (ERPFs) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determination. A reference group consisted of 27 healthy volunteers, studied only with TcA. The correlation with ERPFs (r = .73) was similar to that previously reported and confirmed. The correlation with GFR (r = .68) was better if a subgroup of renal units with TcA uptake lower than 16% (lower normal limit) was considered. Most likely, glomerular filtration is a limiting factor of the tubular uptake of TcA, and when GFR is reduced, both parameters decrease in the same manner, while if GFR is normal the two parameters are relatively independent. The correlation between TcA and GFR in 32 children was very similar to that found in adults. TcA uptake test seems to be a useful indicator of separate renal function, providing morphological information at, the same time

The regulation of technetium-99 discharges at Sellafield

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Mayall, A.

2002-01-01

The reprocessing of spent Magnox fuel at BNFL Sellafield produces a liquid waste concentrate containing technetium-99 and other, more radiotoxic, radionuclides such as plutonium and americium. The concentrate is known as medium active concentrate (MAC). Prior to 1981, MAC was discharged to sea untreated after several years' storage, during which short-lived radionuclides underwent radioactive decay. In the early 1980s, discharges of MAC were suspended and it was retained in storage tanks, pending the construction of a plant to remove the radionuclides of greatest radiological concern (these did not include technetium- 99). The Enhanced Actinide Removal Plant started operation in 1994 and began to clear the backlog of stored waste MAC, as well as current arisings from Magnox reprocessing. As a consequence technetium-99 was once more discharged to sea. Subsequently, concentrations of this radionuclide in the marine environment increased. In particular, there was a significant increase in the concentration of technetium-99 in lobster in the Irish Sea. An increase in technetium-99 has also been detected at locations far distant from Sellafield, e.g. in Scandinavian coastal waters, albeit at very low concentrations. This dispersal of technetium- 99 throughout the Irish Sea and further afield has therefore caused concern, although the radiological impact is low. This paper examines the nature and source of the technetium-99 in sea discharges at Sellafield and the levels of past and current discharges as well as their impact. It goes on to describe the Environment Agency's recent proposals on the future regulation of technetium-99 discharges and how these should lead to substantial reductions in not only technetium-99 discharges, but also of other radionuclides such as caesium-137 and strontium-90. (author)

Work in progress. Gastrointestinal ulcerations: detection using a technetium-99m-labeled ulcer-avid agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vasquez, T.E.; Bridges, R.L.; Braunstein, P.; Jansholt, A.L.; Meshkinpour, H.

1983-01-01

Technetium-99m-labeled sucralfate, an ulcer-avid material, was shown in preliminary animal and human studies to be stable in vivo with good sensitivity. Eight experimentally produced discrete gastric ulcers in three rabbits were visualized using this material. Of seven human studies, four studies were true-positive and three were true-negative. It is suggested that Tc-99m-labeled sucralfate may prove to have significant clinical advantages for the evaluation of gastrointestinal ulcer disease and other diseases that are associated with loss of mucosal integrity. The method for labeling sucralfate with Tc-99m was developed by the authors

Early estimation of acute myocardial infarct size soon after coronary reperfusion using emission computed tomography with technetium-99m pyrophosphate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hashimoto, T.; Kambara, H.; Fudo, T.; Tamaki, S.; Nohara, R.; Takatsu, Y.; Hattori, R.; Tokunaga, S.; Kawai, C.

1987-01-01

Early appearance of positive findings on a technetium-99m pyrophosphate scan has been shown to be associated with the presence of a reperfused acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Early technetium-99m pyrophosphate imaging was performed by emission computed tomography to evaluate reperfusion and to test the feasibility of estimating infarct size soon after coronary reperfusion based on acute positive tomographic findings. Twenty-seven patients with transmural AMI who were treated with intracoronary urokinase infusion followed by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty underwent pyrophosphate imaging 8.7 +/- 2.1 hours after the onset of AMI. None of the 8 patients in whom reperfusion was unsuccessful had acute positive findings. Of 19 patients in whom reperfusion was successful, 17 had acute positive findings (p less than 0.001). In these 17, tomographic infarct volumes were determined from reconstructed transaxial images. The threshold for areas of increased pyrophosphate uptake within the infarct was set at 60% of peak activity by the computerized edge-detection algorithm. The total number of pixels in all transaxial sections showing increased tracer uptake were added and multiplied by a size factor and 1.05 g/cm3 muscle to determine infarct volume. The correlations of tomographic infarct volumes with peak serum creatine kinase (CK) levels (r = 0.82) and with cumulative release of CK-MB isoenzyme (r = 0.89) were good. Moreover, the time to positive imaging was significantly shorter than that to peak CK level (8.5 +/- 2.3 vs 10.4 +/- 2.2 hours, p less than 0.005)

A comparison of radionuclide thyroid angiography, 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy and power Doppler ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of solitary cold thyroid nodules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Demirel, Koray; Kapucu, Oezlem; Yuecel, Cem; Oezdemir, Hakan; Ayvaz, Goeksun; Taneri, Ferit

2003-01-01

We prospectively studied 43 patients with solitary cold thyroid nodules greater than 1.5 cm in diameter to determine the comparative diagnostic value of radionuclide thyroid angiography (RTA), technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) scintigraphy and power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Perfusion of the nodules in RTA was compared with the perfusion in the surrounding normal thyroid tissue and classified as follows: 0, avascular; 1, hypovascular; 2, isovascular; 3, hypervascular. 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in the nodules compared with that in surrounding thyroid tissue was scored for both early and delayed images as follows: 0, cold; 1, decreased; 2, equal; 3, increased. PDUS patterns were classified as nodule vascularisation patterns. The malignancy criteria were set as follows: hypervascular nodule with rapid washout in RTA; complex ring sign with anarchic structure or delta sign in PDUS, and positive retention and increased uptake in the nodule in the early and delayed 99m Tc-MIBI images. These data were compared with the histopathological results. Histology revealed thyroid carcinoma in nine patients (five cases of papillary carcinoma, three of follicular carcinoma and one of medullary carcinoma) and benign conditions in 34 patients (30 cases of nodular goitre, three of lymphocytic thyroiditis and one of follicular adenoma). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were, respectively, 0.89, 1.00 and 0.97 for RTA, 1.00, 0.76 and 0.81 for PDUS, and 0.67, 0.91 and 0.86 for 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy (when nodules with increased uptake in both the early and the delayed images and a positive retention index were considered as malignant). RTA, 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and PDUS could be helpful in the preoperative assessment of solitary cold thyroid nodules. In this study, RTA was found to be the most accurate and specific method for differentiation of malignant from benign thyroid nodules. (orig.)

Similar effect of revascularization on technetium-99 m sestamibi and 15-(p-iodophenyl)pentadecanoic acid uptake in myocardial infarction patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bendel, S.; Kettunen, R.; Hartikainen, J.; Remes, J.; Vanninen, E.; Yang, J.; Kuikka, J.; Huikuri, H.

1999-01-01

To study its usefulness as a tracer for assessment of the perfusion and viability of myocardium, 15-(p-iodophenyl)pentadecanoic acid (IPPA) was compared with technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI). Dual-tracer single-photon emission tomography rest imaging was performed no more than 2 months before and 3 months after coronary artery bypass grafting in 28 patients with previous anterior (n=13) or inferior (n=15) infarction. The size of MIBI and IPPA defects decreased from 14%±12% and 13%±9% to 10%±11% and 9%±7%, respectively (P<0.001 for both). The MIBI uptake increased in the infarct zones from 35%±11% to 43%±8% (P<0.001), and in the peri-infarct zones from 50%±11% to 55%±10% (P<0.05). The IPPA uptake increased in the infarct zones from 37%±11% to 44%±13% (P<0.001), and in the peri-infarct zones from 51%±11% to 57%±12% (P<0.05). In nine patients with improved regional echocardiographic wall motion score after bypass surgery, the pre-operative uptake values of both MIBI and IPPA in the infarct and peri-infarct zones were on average slightly but not significantly higher than in 19 patients with no observed improvement in regional wall motion score. In patients with improved regional wall motion, the MIBI scans and the IPPA scans showed (non-significant) decreases in defect size and increases in infarct and peri-infarct zone uptake after bypass surgery. Similar (in some cases significant) changes were observed in the patients without improvement in wall motion. Thus IPPA and MIBI provided similar information about perfusion and viability in pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with clinically evident myocardial infarction and with normal global ejection fraction. Regardless of the tracer used, the resolution capability of the dual-tracer method with a rest imaging protocol was not sufficient to differentiate viable from non-viable infarction defects in unselected individual patients with a normal ejection fraction. (orig.)

Post-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head predicted by preoperative technetium-99m antimony-colloid scan: an experimental and clinical study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Turner, J.H.

1983-01-01

Technetium-99m antimony colloid was used to visualize the bone marrow of the head of the femur within twenty-four hours after interruption of the blood supply by subcapital osteotomy and section of the ligamentum teres in thirteen rabbits and within twenty-four hours after a subcapital fracture in thirty patients. Of the rabbits, all showed loss of marrow radioactivity over the affected femoral head. Bone-imaging with technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate, in contrast, failed to demonstrate any abnormality in the avascular head of the femur for as long as forty-eight hours after osteotomy. This difference between the marrow scan and the bone scan was attributed to earlier loss of function in the marrow cells than in the osteocytes. The thirty patients who had a preoperative scan within twenty-four hours after sustaining a subcapital fracture were treated by internal fixation with a Richards screw and plate and were followed for as long as two years, or until the patient died or radiographs showed evidence of avascular necrosis. The preoperative technetium-99m antimony-colloid activity in the head of the fractured femur was normal in sixteen patients and absent in fourteen; two of the fourteen had no activity in either hip, which precluded assessment of the fractured hip in these patients. In fifteen of the sixteen hips, preservation of the uptake in the marrow of the head of the fractured femur preoperatively predicted normal healing. Late segmental collapse developed in the remaining hip. In eleven of the twelve patients who had loss of marrow activity in the femoral head preoperatively, avascular necrosis developed within two years

Brain single-photon emission tomography with technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime in adolscents with intial-stage schizophrenia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batista, J.F.; Galiano, M.C.; Torres, L.A.; Hernandez, M.C.; Sosa, F.; Perera, A.; Perez, M.

1995-01-01

The objective of this study was to search for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) abnormalities in adolescents with initial-stage schizophrenia by means of brain single-photon emission tomography (SPET) using technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO). SPET studies were performed on a homogeneous sample of 15 carefully selected adolescents with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia, and without previous electroconvulsive or antipsychotic drug treatment. Computed tomography (CT) and electro-encephalographic (EEG) studies were performed in all patients. Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of 99m Tc-HMPAO SPET studies showed an impaired rCBF in 12 patients (80%). The most common pattern was a decreased uptake of 99m Tc-HMPAO in the frontal lobes, usually in the left hemisphere. Conventional and quantitative EEG was positive in 12 (80%) and 15 (100%) patients, respectively. CT findings were positive in two patients (13%). There was a high level of concordance between SPET and EEG results and between SPET and clinical features (P > 0.05). This study suggests that previously untreated patients in the first stages of schizophrenia present functional abnormalities that are revealed by brain SPET. (orig.)

Clinical significance of /sup 99m/technetium sulfur colloid accumulation in renal transplant patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Y.C.; Massari, P.U.; Brown, M.L.; Thrall, J.H.; Chang, B.; Keyes, J.W. Jr.

1977-01-01

The accumulation of /sup 99m/technetium sulfur colloid (/sup 99m/TcSC) was evaluated in 47 studies performed on 19 renal transplant patients by comparing its transplant activity to its bone marrow accumulation. There was a diagnosis of rejection in 21 of 22 studies (96.5 percent) in which marked transplant accumulation was noted. In 11 studies of patients with a clinical diagnosis of post-transplant acute tubular necrosis (ATN), the transplant activity varied from none to moderate. Rejection developed in 5 of 6 studies with minimal to moderate accumulation. Normally functioning renal transplant patients, or those with ATN and no superimposed rejection, do not show evidence of /sup 99m/TcSC accumulation

{sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy for early detection of locally recurrent non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive radiation therapy

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Furuta, Masaya; Nozaki, Miwako; Kawashima, Miho; Iimuro, Mamoru; Kitazumi, Yoshinori; Okayama, Aya; Natsui, Satoshi [Department of Radiology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, 343-8555, Koshigaya (Japan); Hamashima, Yoshio; Nagao, Koushuu [Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Koshigaya (Japan)

2003-07-01

After radiation therapy of lung cancer, a dense fibrotic shadow develops in the irradiated lung. Owing to this fibrosis, early detection of local recurrence after treatment is sometimes difficult even when using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of technetium-99m hexakis 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI) scintigraphy for the detection of recurrent lung cancer following definitive radiation therapy. Eighteen patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiation therapy 1 year previously were studied with {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy. They showed no evidence of local recurrence on serial chest radiographs. All single-photon emission tomography (SPET) images acquired 2 h after intravenous administration of the radiopharmaceutical were visually interpreted with knowledge of the pretreatment chest radiograph, CT and the details of radiation therapy (radiation portals and administered doses). A region of interest (ROI) analysis was also performed. In addition to the ROI ratio of tumour uptake to accumulation in contralateral normal lung (tumour/lung ratio), another semiquantitative analysis, the ratio of tumour uptake to accumulation in radiation fibrosis (tumour/fibrosis ratio), was performed to differentiate between accumulation in radiation fibrosis and the tumour uptake. The scintigraphic diagnoses were correlated with clinical outcome. The sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value of {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy for the detection of recurrent lung cancer were all 88.9% (8/9). The tumour/lung ratios (mean{+-}SEM) of the nine patients with local recurrence and the other eight without local failure were 2.00{+-}0.11 and 1.40{+-}0.09, respectively (P<0.01). The tumour/fibrosis ratios of the patients with and those without recurrence were 1.47{+-}0.08 and 0.93{+-}0.05, respectively (P<0.01). These results suggest that {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy might be of

Clinical evaluation of technetium-99m infecton for the localisation of bacterial infection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Britton, K.E.; Vinjamuri, S.; Hall, A.V.; Solanki, K.; Siraj, Q.H.; Bomanji, J.; Das, S.

1997-01-01

The aim of the study was to distinguish infection from inflammation in patients with suspected infection using technetium-99m Infecton. Ninety-nine patients (102 studies) referred for infection evaluation underwent imaging with 400 MBq 99m Tc-Infecton at 1 and 4 h. Most patients had appropriate microbiological tests and about half (56) had radiolabelled white cell scans as well. No adverse effects were noted in any patient. The clinical efficacy of 99m Tc-Infecton depended in part on whether imaging was undertaken during antibiotic therapy for infection or not. In consultation with the microbiologist, 5-14 days of appropriate and successful antibiotic therapy was considered adequate to classify some results as true-negatives. The figures for sensitivity and specificity of 99m Tc-Infecton for active or unsuccessfully treated infection were 83% and 91% respectively. It is concluded that 99m Tc-Infecton imaging contributed to the differential diagnosis of inflammation. It is being used as the first imaging modality when bacterial infection is suspected. (orig.). With 2 figs., 1 tab

Myocardial uptake characteristics of three 99mTc-labeled tracers for myocardial perfusion imaging one hour after rest injection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manka-Waluch, A.; Palmedo, H.; Reinhardt, M.J.; Joe, A.Y.; Manka, C.; Guhlke, S.; Biersack, H.J.; Bucerius, J.

2006-01-01

99m Tc-tetrofosmin and 99m Tc-sestamibi are approved tracers for myocardial perfusion studies. Recently, a 99m Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) preparation from a different manufacturer ( 99m Tc-cardiospect-MIBI) has been introduced to the market. Therefore, the aim of this study was the evaluation of 99m Tc-tetrofosmin as well as of two different 99m Tc-labeled MIBI tracers with regard to differences in imaging quality under resting conditions. Sixty patients (mean age 63.8 years±1.25) with known or suspected coronary artery disease but without evidence of rest-ischemia were included. Twenty patients in each group were examined by a two-day-rest-stress protocol using the three 99m Tc-labeled tracers. Visual analysis of all images was performed by two experienced physicians blinded with regard to the applied tracer. Regions of interest (ROI) were defined over the heart, lung and whole body only in the rest imaging in order to calculate heart-to-lung, lung-to-whole body-, and heart-to-whole body-ratios. The heart-to-lung ratio was statistically significant higher for 99 m T c-cardiospect-MIBI as compared to 99m Tc-sestamibi as well as to 99m Tc-tetrofosmin. Furthermore, a significantly higher heart-to-lung ratio was found for 99m Tc-sestamibi as compared to 99m Tc-tetrofosmin. The heart-to-whole body-ratio and the lung-to-whole body-ratio were equivalent between all tracers. Visual analysis revealed only slight differences regarding image quality between all tracers. ROI analysis surprisingly revealed a significant higher myocardial uptake and consequently a higher heart-to-lung ratio for 99m Tc-cardiospect-MIBI. Whether this leads to a better visual image quality has to be evaluated in future studies with larger study populations as well as semiquantitative segmental analysis of the myocardial perfusion images. (author)

Renal handling of technetium-99m DMSA in rats with proximal tubular dysfunction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Provoost, A.P.; Van Aken, M.

1985-01-01

The renal handling of technetium-/sup 99m/ dimercaptosuccinic acid ([/sup 99m/Tc]DMSA) was studied in rats before and after treatment with Na-maleate (2 mmol/kg i.v.). In the control period, when measured 2 hr after the intravenous injection of [/sup 99m/Tc]DMSA, 39.9% of the injected dose was in the kidneys and 14.6% was in the bladder. After Na-maleate treatment, only 6.4% of the injected dose of [/sup 99m/Tc]DMSA was retained in the kidneys while 37.9% was found in the bladder. Subsequent studies revealed that Na-maleate produced a fall in the glomerular filtration rate, the effective renal plasma flow, and a generalized proximal tubular dysfunction. The latter was characterized by polyuria and an increased excretion of glucose, protein, albumin, calcium, and inorganic phosphate. It was concluded that proximal tubular dysfunction markedly alters the renal handling of [/sup 99m/Tc]DMSA. Whether this augmented urinary excretion is due to an inhibition of reabsorption or an enhanced cellular efflux of [/sup 99m/Tc]DMSA remains to be answered

Current status of Tc-99m production in Thailand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Charoen, Sakda

2003-01-01

Technetium-99m is the workhorse of nuclear medicine and currently accounts for over 80% of all in vivo diagnostic procedures. In Thailand, Office of Atomic Energy for Peace (OAEP) had experiences in production of Technetium-99m by solvent extraction process and alternative technology for Technetium-99m generator based on zirconium molybdate and titanium molybdate gel generators were also studied. The paper describes past experiences and future plan of Technetium-99m production in Thailand. (author)

Technetium-99m sestamibi leg scintigraphy for non-invasive assessment of propionyl-l-carnitine induced changes in skeletal muscle metabolism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cittanti, C.; Colamussi, P.; Giganti, M.; Orlandi, C.; Uccelli, L.; Manfrini, S.; Azzena, G.; Piffanelli, A.

1997-01-01

Carnitine derivatives, such as propionyl-l-carnitine (PLC), have been shown to improve walking distance in patients with obstructive peripheral artery disease (PAOD). The aim of this study was to ascertain whether technetium-99m sestamibi leg scintigraphy may be a useful tool in the evaluation of changes in skeletal muscle metabolism induced by chronic therapy with PLC. Twenty patients with clinical and instrumental evidence of PAOD were randomly assigned to a 3-month period of therapy with either PLC or placebo. Rest 99m Tc-sestamibi leg scintigraphy and echo-Doppler sonography were performed on all subjects immediately before and upon completion of the treatment period. At the end of the protocol the following results were observed in patients who underwent PLC administration: (a) a significant increase in both thigh and calf 99m Tc-sestamibi uptake, in comparison with baseline values (P 99m Tc-sestamibi was demonstrated without any apparent change in regional blood flow. This fact, if proven in further studies, may suggest a role for this tracer as a non-invasive probe of tissue bioenergetics. (orig.). With 4 figs., 4 tabs

Methods for the quality control of macroaggregates and colloids labelled with technetium-99m. Part of a coordinated programme on radiopharmaceuticals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cifka, J.

1975-09-01

Comprehensive studies of the antimony sulphide and sulphur colloids labelled with sup(99m)Tc was performed by the authors. Similar studies dealing with human serum albumin macroaggregates labelled with sup(99m)Tc were also initiated. The labelling processes were studied to determine the possible chemical forms of technetium-99m not bound to the colloidal particles. It was found that pertechnetate-99m is not the only possible impurity in the case of the colloids. Technetium-99m may be present as an soluble tartrate complex in the case of antimony sulphide colloid or as a soluble chlorocomplex in the case of the sulphur colloid. Techniques for the control of these colloids were developed. A method for the determination of particle size of the sulphur colloid is also described

Technetium-99m scintimammography in the diagnosis of malignant breast tumors

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Jauković Ljiljana

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Technetium-99m (99mTc tetrofosmin scintigraphy is a new imaging method for the diagnosis of various malignancies, such as lung, thyroid, and most frequently breast neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic reliability of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin breast scintigraphy in the detection of malignant breast disease. Methods. 99mTc -Tetrofosmin scintimammography (SMM was performed in 28 patients with 30 breast lesions suspicious for malignancy. Standard mammography (MM was also done. After surgery, the results of SMM and MM were compared to definitive histopathological findings as the "gold standard". After intravenous injection of radiotracer, SMM was performed in prone and supine views of the thorax, using large field-of-view Gamma camera. Results. The results of SMM were interpreted visually and semiquantitatively, and evaluated as positive or negative. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, positive (PPV and negative predictive value (NPV were obtained in relation to histopathology. After comparing the results of SMM and MM, SMM was proved more sensitive (95% for SMM vs. 80% for MM, while the specificity of both methods was similar. Conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the contribution of SMM as a nuclear medicine procedure has its place in the diagnostic protocol for patients suspected of malignant breast cancer.

A comparison of radionuclide thyroid angiography, {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and power Doppler ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of solitary cold thyroid nodules

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Demirel, Koray; Kapucu, Oezlem [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara (Turkey); Yuecel, Cem; Oezdemir, Hakan [Department of Radiology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara (Turkey); Ayvaz, Goeksun [Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara (Turkey); Taneri, Ferit [Department of Surgery, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara (Turkey)

2003-05-01

We prospectively studied 43 patients with solitary cold thyroid nodules greater than 1.5 cm in diameter to determine the comparative diagnostic value of radionuclide thyroid angiography (RTA), technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI) scintigraphy and power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Perfusion of the nodules in RTA was compared with the perfusion in the surrounding normal thyroid tissue and classified as follows: 0, avascular; 1, hypovascular; 2, isovascular; 3, hypervascular. {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI uptake in the nodules compared with that in surrounding thyroid tissue was scored for both early and delayed images as follows: 0, cold; 1, decreased; 2, equal; 3, increased. PDUS patterns were classified as nodule vascularisation patterns. The malignancy criteria were set as follows: hypervascular nodule with rapid washout in RTA; complex ring sign with anarchic structure or delta sign in PDUS, and positive retention and increased uptake in the nodule in the early and delayed {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI images. These data were compared with the histopathological results. Histology revealed thyroid carcinoma in nine patients (five cases of papillary carcinoma, three of follicular carcinoma and one of medullary carcinoma) and benign conditions in 34 patients (30 cases of nodular goitre, three of lymphocytic thyroiditis and one of follicular adenoma). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were, respectively, 0.89, 1.00 and 0.97 for RTA, 1.00, 0.76 and 0.81 for PDUS, and 0.67, 0.91 and 0.86 for {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy (when nodules with increased uptake in both the early and the delayed images and a positive retention index were considered as malignant). RTA, {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and PDUS could be helpful in the preoperative assessment of solitary cold thyroid nodules. In this study, RTA was found to be the most accurate and specific method for differentiation of malignant from benign

99mTc-MIBI/123I-Na subtraction scanning for localized parathyroid adenoma in patients with asymptomatic/mild primary hyperparathyroidism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanaka, Yuji; Funahashi, Hiroomi; Imai, Tsuneo

1996-01-01

Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly detected as a mild elevation of the serum calcium concentration. In the present study, the utility of 99m Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) imaging before initial surgery was evaluated for localizing abnormal parathyroid glands in patients with asymptomatic and mild primary hyperparathyroidism. The results were compared with those of thallium-technetium subtraction scanning (TTSS). 99m Tc-MIBI/ 123 I-Na subtraction scanning was performed in 11 patients, and TTSS was performed in 10 of them. The sensitivity was 100% and the positive predictive value was 92% for 99m Tc-MIBI/ 123 I-Na, while the sensitivity was 50% and the positive predictive value was 100% for TTSS. The smallest gland detected weighed 85 mg in 99m Tc-MIBI/ 123 I-Na, and 570 mg in TTSS. There was a difference between the median weight of adenomas which were detected by 99m Tc-MIBI/ 123 I-Na (754 mg), and those which were detected by TTSS (1,195 mg). These results suggest that TTSS parathyroid scintigraphy could give way to 99m Tc-MIBI/ 123 I-Na parathyroid scintigraphy for improved detection of low-weight abnormal parathyroid glands. (author)

Technetium-99m extraction and transport across tri-n-octylamine-xylene based supported liquid membranes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ashraf Chaudry, M.; Ahmad, B.

1996-01-01

The nuclear properties of 99m Tc radionuclide are ideal for organ imaging. Study of the technetium transport across supported liquid membranes has been performed to get data for its separation from other elements. Tri-n-octylamine diluted in xylene was used to constitute the liquid membranes, supported in polypropylene microporous films. Stripping on the product solution side was performed with dilute NaOH solutions. The effect of sulphuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in the feed on transport of 99m Tc as TcO 4 - ions has been studied. The permeability of the given ions determined from kinetic activity data has been found to be in the order of PH 2 SO 4 >PHCl>PHNO 3 . The flux values have been calculated based on this permeability data. The increase in carrier concentration has shown an increase in flux and permeability values to a given optimum concentration. The increase in temperature has been found to reduce the transport of Tc ions. The optimum conditions for transport of 99m Tc for the given acid concentration have been determined. Mechanism of Tc ion transport has also been provided based on chemical reactions involved at the membrane interfaces and uptake of Tc ions by the membrane. MoO 4 2- ions do not permeate through membrane under optimum conditions of transport for TcO 4 2 - ions from H 2 SO 4 solution. (author). 12 refs., 20 figs., 1 tab

Successful application of technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy in the detection of ectopic adrenocorticotropin-producing bronchial carcinoid lung tumor: a case report

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Fallahi Babak

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Introduction The diagnostic efficacy of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy labeling with 111 indium in the localization of tumors has been assessed in a limited number of patients with contradictory outcomes. Here, we describe the case of a patient with an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing bronchial carcinoid tumor diagnosed preoperatively using technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy. Case presentation A 29-year-old Asian man presented to our hospital with the typical clinical features of Cushing's syndrome, which he had had for a duration of 18 months. The results of a biochemical evaluation revealed he had adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome. The results of a spiral abdominal computed tomography scan showed he had bilateral adrenal hypertrophy. A magnetic resonance image of the patient's brain showed he had a normal hypophysis. Whole body technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy was performed to check for the presence of an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumor. The scan results showed a small focal increase in uptake in the lower lobe of our patient's right lung, just above his diaphragm. A spiral chest computed tomography scan also revealed a small non-specific lesion in the same region. A transthoracic biopsy was then performed. Pathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor, of the adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing type. After surgical removal, the patient's symptoms resolved and significant clinical improvement was achieved. Conclusions This case report shows that technetium-99m-labeled octreotide acetate scintigraphy can effectively detect an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing bronchial carcinoid.

Diagnostic pharmaco-scintigraphy with hepatic intra-arterial technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin in the determination of tumour to non-tumour uptake ratio in hepatocellular carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lau, W.Y.; Leung, T.W.T.; Chan, M.; Leung, N.W.Y.; Metreweli, C.; Li, A.K.C.

1994-01-01

Between October 1990 and March 1993, 124 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underwent diagnostic pharmaco-scintigraphy with hepatic intraarterial technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (TcMAA) to determine the tumorous to non-tumorous liver tissue uptake ratio (T/N ratio). There were 110 males and 14 females. Ages ranged from 16 to 73 with a median of 55 years. The range of T/N ratio was 0.7 to 19.3 with a median of 3.8. 12 patients with inoperable HCC were subsequently selected by predetermined criteria to undergo treatment with hepatic intraarterial yttrium-90 microspheres and the T/N ratios in these patients were validated by beta probe dosimetry and liquid scintillation count of multiple liver biopsies. The T/N ratio determined by preoperative diagnostic TcMAA scan corrected well with intraoperative beta probe dosimetry, with coefficient of correlation r = 0.82. Preoperative TcMAA scan also correlated well with liquid scintillation count of biopsy specimens. (author)

Preparation of crotalus venom radiolabeled with technetium99m as a tool for biodistribution study

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Pujatti, Priscilla Brunelli; Santos, Raquel Gouvea dos; Simal, Carlos Jorge Rodrigues

2005-01-01

Technetium- 99m ( 99m Tc) has been the radionuclide of choice for nuclear medicine procedures and experimental research. Because of its optimal nuclear properties, 99m Tc is suitable for high efficiency detection with the advantage of reduced radiological waste. Crotalus venom (CV) has been shown to reduce tumors in clinical studies and tissue distribution studies are very important for clinical use. The goal of this work was to obtain CV labeled with 99m Tc which preserves its biological activity. After labeling, biological activity was assessed by hemolytic activity evaluation. Labeled and crude venom caused indirect hemolysis provided that the incubation medium contained an exogenous source of lecithin. High yield radiolabeled-CV was obtained and biological activity was preserved. The results suggest that 99m Tc-CV can be a useful tool for biodistribution studies. (author)

Labeling of thymidine analog with an organometallic complex of technetium-99m for diagnostic of cancer: radiochemical and biological evaluation

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Santos, Rodrigo Luis Silva Ribeiro

2007-01-01

Thymidine analogs have been labeled with different radioisotopes due to their potential in monitoring the uncontrollable cell proliferation. Considering that the radioisotopes technetium-99m still keep a privileged position as a marker due to its chemical and nuclear properties, this dissertation was constituted by the developed of a new technique of labeling of thymidine analog with 99m Tc, by means of the organometallic complex. The aims of this research were: synthesis of the organometallic complex technetium-99m-carbonyl, thymidine labeling with this precursor, evaluation of stability, and radiochemical e biological evaluation with healthy and tumor-bearing animals. The preparation of the organometallic precursor, using the CO gas, was easily achieved, as well as the labeling of thymidine with this precursor, resulting itself a radiochemical pureness of ≥ 97% and ≥ 94%, respectively. Chromatography systems with good levels of trustworthiness were used, ensuring the qualification and quantification of the radiochemical samples. The result of in vitro testing of lipophilicity disclosed that the radiolabeled complex is hydrophilic, with a partition coefficient (log P) of -1.48. The precursor complex and the radiolabeled have good radiochemical stability up to 6 h in room temperature. The cysteine and histidine challenge indicated losses between 8 and 1 1 % for concentrations until 300 mM. The biodistribution assay in healthy mice revealed rapid blood clearance and low uptake by general organs with renal and hepatobiliary excretion. The tumor concentration was low with values of 0.28 and 0.18 %ID/g for lung and breast cancer, respectively. The results imply more studies in other tumor models or the modification of the structure of the organic molecule that act like ligand. (author)

99mTc labeling of carbon nanomaterials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chu Ying; Li Qingnuan; Li Wenxin; Li Yufeng; Zhang Xiaoyong

2008-01-01

The effects of experimental conditions on preparation of 99m Tc-labeled carbon nanotubes and nanocarbon blacks by SnCl 2 were investigated. At given conditions the labeling yields were over 90%. In a culture medium, the radiochemical purity of the labeling compounds kept (86 ± 4)% within 2.5 h. The 99m Tc-labeled MWNTs and NCBs obtained in this work meet satisfactory experimental demands for study of cellular uptake and toxicity. The experiments showed that labeling process was based on physical adsorption of low valent technetium resulted from reduction reaction on the surface of the carbon nanomaterials. (authors)

Prediction of remission in Graves' disease after thionamide therapy by technetium-99m early uptake

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Misaki, Takashi; Dokoh, Shigeharu; Koh, Toshikiyo; Shimbo, Shin-ichiro (Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto (Japan)); Hidaka, Akinari; Iida, Yasuhiro; Kasagi, Kanji; Konishi, Junji

1991-02-01

In the clinical management of Graves' thyrotoxicosis, one of the most important subject is when to stop antithyroid drugs after achieving an euthyroid state. T{sub 3} suppression test and other methods have been used to forecast the outcome after drug cessation, but the results were not always satisfactory. We have attempted to predict remission of Graves' disease by single measurement of early technetium uptake without administration of triiodothyronine. Drugs were discontinued in the seventy-five patients with Graves' disease on maintenance doses of either methimazole or propylthiouracil who showed normalized uptake (4.0% or less). Of 64 patients evaluable after twelve months, 55 (86%) remained euthyroid, 8 relapsed, and 1 became hypothyoid. With its accuracy in prediction of short-term remission comparable or superior to T{sub 3} suppression test, this rapid and simple method seemed suitable for routine use in clinical practice. (author).

Detection of the involvement of salivary glands in autoimmune diseases of thyroid gland by using Ttc-99m MIBI

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Deniz Söylemez ¹

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the involvement in the salivary glands of the patients with Graves’ Disease, Hashimoto Thyroiditis and controls by detecting the changes of Tc-99m Methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI uptake. Material and Methods: The study was conducted between January 2008 and December 2009. 19 patients with Graves’ disease (6 men, 13 women, 28 Hashimoto Thyroiditis patients (5 men, 23 women and 11 euthyroid controls (4 men, 7 women were evaluated retrospectively. Uptake values of parotid and submandibular glands were calculated by drawing elliptical ROIs (region of interest and using the formula for uptake calculation. Result: In all three groups, in parotis glands, a statistical significant difference between Tc-99m MIBI uptake was not detected. The Tc-99m MIBI upateke values in submandibular glands were statistically different among patients with Graves’Disease, Hashimoto Thyroiditis, as well as in Control group (p<0.05. Conclusion: We concluded that the different uptake values of Tc-99m-MIBI in submandibular glands in Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis as compared to the control group patient would be results of the histopathological features, such as autoimmunity, high mitochondria number and inflammatory reaction. [J Contemp Med 2017; 7(1.000: 67-73

The place occupied by early measurement (20th minute) of the thyroid uptake of sup(99m)Tc pertechnetate in thyroid pathology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guilloteaux, Gerard.

1977-01-01

The place occupied by early measurement (20th minute) of the thyroid uptake of sup(99m)Tc pertechnetate is situated for different types of thyroid condition (hypo-, normo- and hyperthyroidism). The use of technetium is simple in practice because only the cervical and crural radioactivity measurements are required. Like all simplified methods it involves risks of errors but lends itself to systematic routine use. The practical advantages of this isotope, which in view of its short half-life appears with iodine 123 as the nearly ideal tracer for thyroid exploration at present are outlined. The thyroid gland can be studied both functionally and scintigraphically at the cost of minimum irradiation, which is a great advantage. The fact that a number of data may be obtained in less than an hour (including scintigraphy) is a particularly valuable asset. However the method has its limits. For example a diagnosis of hyper or hypothyroidism based on the technetium uptake at the 20th minute alone is out of the question. A zero uptake may be observed in the presence of Basedow's disease or conversely a high uptake in hypo- or euthyroid cases. Discrimination is satisfactory between hyper and euthyroid but not between eu- and hypothyroid subjects. Technological progress however promises a routine use of 123 I and 99mTc together, the two isotopes serving to explore two different phases of the thyroid metabolism [fr

Quantification of ocular inflammation with technetium-99m glucoheptonate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roizenblatt, J.; Caldeira, J.A.F.; Buchpiguel, C.A.; Meneguetti, J.C.; Camargo, E.E.; Sao Paulo Univ., SP

1991-01-01

Histological and morphometric evaluation of ocular inflammation is difficult, particularly when there is extensive ocular involvement with abscess formation and necrosis. A quantitative imaging procedure applicable to humans would be important clinically. To establish such a procedure, turpentine-induced ocular inflammation was obtained by subconjunctival injection in the right eye of 55 rabbits. The left eye was used as control and injected with a volume of saline equal to the volume of turpentine in the right eye. Volumes of turpentine or saline were 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.2 and 0.6 ml, and the rabbits were divided into groups 1-5, according to these volumes. Imaging was performed 48 h after turpentine injection and 6 h after intravenous injection of 10 mCi of technetium 99m glucoheptonate ( 99m Tc-GH). An inflammatory reaction index (IRI), defined as the ratio of counts of the right eye divided by counts of the left eye, was used. IRIs were proportional to the degree of inflammation and allowed the distinction of 3 subgroups: One represented by group 4, one by group 5 and one by groups 1, 2 and 3. This method of quantification of ocular inflammatory processes using 99m Tc-GH is original, rapid, non-invasive, reproducible and safe, although unable to differentiate inflammatory processes caused by doses of turpentine which are very small and close to each other. It is conceivable that its application to humans will bring new insight into the ocular inflammatory process and response to therapy. (orig.)

99mTc-DPD uptake in juvenile arthritis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stender Hansen, E.; Holm, I.E.; Buenger, C.; Knudsen, V.; Noer, I.; Bach Christensen, S.

1986-01-01

Unilateral arthritis of the knee was induced in mongrel puppies by intraarticular injections of 1% Carragheenan. Bone metabolism was studied by a scintimetric technique on static 99m Tc-diphosphonate bone scans every 2nd week during the induction of arthritis for 3 months and monthly in a postarthritic phase of another 3 months. Changes in uptake of radionuclide were present after 2 weeks. The induction phase was characterized by a decreased uptake in the calcification layer of the juxta-articular growth plates and a moderately increased epiphyseal uptake. The postarthritic phase was characterized by normalization of growth plate uptake and a marked increase in epiphyseal uptake. Using contact autoradiography, the epiphyseal uptake was seen mainly in a narrow subchondral and subsynovial bone layer, around bone cysts and osteophytes, whereas central epiphyseal bone was osteopenic with decreased uptake of tracer. The study suggests that the early scintigraphic appearance of juvenile non-suppurative arthritis may be an overall decrease in uptake of 99m Tc-diphosphonate due to a depression of growth plate metabolism. (author)

Evaluation of Tumour Cells Damage Following Radiotherapy by Tc-99m Pertechnetate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muhammad Afiq Khairil Anuar; Siti Zanariah Abdul Aziz; Raizulnasuha Abdul Rashid

2015-01-01

Radiotherapy has become the most important modality in treating cancer with approximately 50 % of cancer patient undergo the treatment. However, more improvement to the radiotherapy treatment efficacy is required to deprive cancer. Assessment of tumor progress during treatment is important to accommodate the changes that occur during the fractionation course. The objective of this study is to assess tumor cell damage after external beam radiotherapy by using technetium-99m pertechnetate ("9"9"mTcO_4"-) as a tracer. In this study, HeLa cells were irradiated with 6 MV photon beam with different radiation dose ranging from 0.5 Gy to 10 Gy. The irradiated cells were recultured in 6-well plates and incubated for 10 days. After that, 2 mCi of "9"9"mTcO_4"- were prescribed to each cell colonies. The viable cells were separated from the rest and measured for "9"9"mTcO_4"- uptake using single head gamma camera with LEHR collimation. As results, the cells survival fractions clearly indicate diminishing effect to the cells at higher dose of irradiation. Good correlation were observed between "9"9"mTcO_4"- uptake and survival fraction for cells irradiated at lower dose and less significant correlation were indicated at higher dose. In conclusion, there is potential for the efficacy of external beam radiotherapy in treating cancer to be assessed by using radioisotope as a non-invasive tracer. In this case, technetium-99m pertechnetate ("9"9"mTcO_4"-) could be attached to the specific antibody so that better correlation between the cells uptake and possible cell damages could be observed. (author)