Common Superficial Bursitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Khodaee, Morteza

2017-02-15

Superficial bursitis most often occurs in the olecranon and prepatellar bursae. Less common locations are the superficial infrapatellar and subcutaneous (superficial) calcaneal bursae. Chronic microtrauma (e.g., kneeling on the prepatellar bursa) is the most common cause of superficial bursitis. Other causes include acute trauma/hemorrhage, inflammatory disorders such as gout or rheumatoid arthritis, and infection (septic bursitis). Diagnosis is usually based on clinical presentation, with a particular focus on signs of septic bursitis. Ultrasonography can help distinguish bursitis from cellulitis. Blood testing (white blood cell count, inflammatory markers) and magnetic resonance imaging can help distinguish infectious from noninfectious causes. If infection is suspected, bursal aspiration should be performed and fluid examined using Gram stain, crystal analysis, glucose measurement, blood cell count, and culture. Management depends on the type of bursitis. Acute traumatic/hemorrhagic bursitis is treated conservatively with ice, elevation, rest, and analgesics; aspiration may shorten the duration of symptoms. Chronic microtraumatic bursitis should be treated conservatively, and the underlying cause addressed. Bursal aspiration of microtraumatic bursitis is generally not recommended because of the risk of iatrogenic septic bursitis. Although intrabursal corticosteroid injections are sometimes used to treat microtraumatic bursitis, high-quality evidence demonstrating any benefit is unavailable. Chronic inflammatory bursitis (e.g., gout, rheumatoid arthritis) is treated by addressing the underlying condition, and intrabursal corticosteroid injections are often used. For septic bursitis, antibiotics effective against Staphylococcus aureus are generally the initial treatment, with surgery reserved for bursitis not responsive to antibiotics or for recurrent cases. Outpatient antibiotics may be considered in those who are not acutely ill; patients who are acutely ill

Drenaje suplementario del sistema venoso superficial en colgajos pediculados Supplementary drainage of superficial venous system in pedicled flaps

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Fernández García

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Los colgajos pediculados pueden sufrir edema y congestión debido a que su drenaje a trevés del sistema venoso superfical es imposible y el flujo hacia el sistema profundo a nivel del pedículo es precario. Esta situación suele evolucionar hacia la necrosis parcial o la pérdida total del colgajo en pocas horas. La apertura del sistema venoso superficial permite el drenaje adecuado de los tejidos transferidos y evita estas complicaciones. Este artículo analiza el papel de las anastomosis microquirúrgicas en el sistema venoso superficial de los colgajos pediculados. Esta técnica permite comunicar el sistema venoso superfical de los tejidos transferidos con el sistema venoso superficial del territorio que rodea al defecto. Presentamos los resultados obtenidos con esta técnica en colgajos de perforante en hélice, colgajos miocutáneos, colgajos neurocutáneos y colgajos fasciograsos volteados.The pedicled flaps can suffer edema and congestion due to the impossibility of drainage toward the superficial venous system and the precarious flow via the deep system at the level of the pedicle. The evolution of this situation is usually partial necrosis or total loss of the flap in a few hours. The opening of the venous superficial system achieves an appropriate drainage of the transfered tissues and avoids these complications. In this article we analyze the role of the microsurgical anastomosis at the level of the superficial venous system of pedicled flaps. This technique allows to communicate the superficial venous system of the transfered tissues with the superficial venous system of the territory around the defect. We report the results with this method in propeller perforator flaps, miocutaneous flaps, neurocutaneous flaps and adipofascial turn over flaps.

Modified Functional Superficial Parotidectomy With Ligation of the Major Branch of the Parotid Duct Extending to the Superficial Lobe.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Jung Woo; Leem, Soo Seong; Choi, Hwan Jun; Lee, Jang Hyun

2017-05-01

A functional superficial parotidectomy can maintain salivary function by preserving the Stensen duct. However, this technique still brings the possibility of salivary leakage, because major branches of the parotid duct from the resected site do not get ligated. To reduce this complication, this study introduces a modified technique with major branch ligation. From December 2008 to February 2015, 14 patients who underwent superficial parotidectomy were divided into 2 groups. Group A was treated with the modified functional superficial parotidectomy involving the major branch between the superficial lobe and parotid duct. Group B was treated with the conventional superficial parotidectomy without involving the major branch of the parotid duct. The clinical complications, period of Hemovac usage, and surgical duration were noted in each group. Two of 8 patients in group A had a major branch from Stensen duct that was ligated, and there was no evidence of salivary leakage or sialocele in any of the patients of group A, whereas group B contained 2 cases of salivary leakage, one of which became sialocele. Group A had a significantly longer Hemovac maintenance period than group B (P < 0.05), and the duration of surgery was also significantly different between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). Because a solitary major branch of the main parotid duct occasionally extends toward the superficial lobe, our modified technique-functional superficial parotidectomy with ligation of the major branch toward the superficial lobe-is a useful option for treatment of a benign parotid mass in such cases.

The superficial ulnar artery: development and clinical significance Artéria ulnar superficial: desenvolvimento e relevância clínica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Srinivasulu Reddy

2007-09-01

Full Text Available The principal arteries of the upper limb show a wide range of variation that is of considerable interest to orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. We present here a case of superficial ulnar artery found during the routine dissection of right upper limb of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery, crossed the median nerve anteriorly and ran lateral to this nerve and the brachial artery. The superficial ulnar artery in the arm gave rise to a narrow muscular branch to the biceps brachii. At the elbow level the artery ran superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis where it was crossed by the median cubital vein. It then ran downward and medially superficial to the forearm flexor muscles, and then downward to enter the hand. At the palm, it formed the superficial and deep palmar arches together with the branches of the radial artery. The presence of a superficial ulnar artery is clinically important when raising forearm flaps in reconstructive surgery. The embryology and clinical significance of the variation are discussed.As principais artérias do membro superior apresentam uma ampla variação, que é relativamente importante a cirurgiões ortopédicos e plásticos, radiologistas e anatomistas.Apresentamosumcaso de artéria ulnar superficial encontrada durante dissecção de rotina de membro superior direito de um cadáver masculino de 50 anos de idade.Aartéria ulnar superficial originava-se da artéria braquial, cruzava o nervo mediano anteriormente e percorria lateralmente esse nervo e a artéria braquial. A artéria ulnar superficial no braço deu origem a um ramo muscular estreito do músculo bíceps braquial. Ao nível do cotovelo, a artéria percorria superficialmente a aponeurose bicipital, onde era cruzada pela veia cubital mediana. Percorria, então, em sentido descendente e medialmente superficial aos músculos flexores do antebraço, e então descendia para

Superficies de segundo orden

OpenAIRE

Salazar Salazar, Luis Álvaro

1987-01-01

Este trabajo se propone poner al alcance de estudiantes de primeros semestres de carreras de aplicación de la matemática, un algoritmo proporcionado por el álgebra lineal, para tratar con mas generalidad, agilidad y libertad unos objetos de la geometría analítica de no fácil manipulación por otros métodos y que se conocen como superficies de segundo orden o superficies cuádricas. En este orden de ideas, el autor considera importante que con este tratamiento se incluya este tema en una asignat...

Unconditional nonlinear exponential stability in the Benard problem; Stabilita&apos; nonlineare esponenziale incondizionata nel problema di Be&apos;nard per ina miscela: condizioni necessarie e sufficienti.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mulione, G. [Catania, Univ. (Italy). Dip. di Matematica; Rionero, S. [Napoli, Univ. (Italy). Dip. di Matematica e applicazioni

1998-07-01

The Lyapunov direct method is applied to study nonlinear stability of a basic motionless state to imposed linear temperature and concentration fields of a binary fluid mixture heated and salted from below, in the Oberbeck-Boussinesq scheme. Stress-free and rigid surfaces are considered and absence of Hopf bifurcation is assumed. We prove the coincidence of the linear and (unconditional) nonlinear critical stability limits, when the ratio between the Schmidt and the Prandtl numbers is less or equal to 1. Precisely, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions of unconditional nonlinear exponential stability of the basic motionless state. [Italian] Si applica il metodo diretto di Lyapunov allo studio della stabilita&apos; non lineare esponenziale della soluzione di conduzione-diffusione di una miscela fluida binaria riscaldata e salata da sotto, nello schema di Oberbeck-Boussinesq. Si considerano superfici rigide e &apos;stress-free&apos;; si supponeche non ci sia biforcazione di Hpf. Supposto che il rapporto fra i numeri di Schmidt e di Prandtl e&apos; minore o uguale a 1, si prova la coincidenza tra i paramentri critici della stabilita&apos; lineare e non lineare. Si ottengono condizioni necessarie e sufficienti di stabilita&apos; non lineare esponenziale del moto base.

Imaging of the most frequent superficial soft-tissue sarcomas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morel, Melanie; Taieb, Sophie; Ceugnart, Luc; Penel, Nicolas; Mortier, Laurent; Vanseymortier, Luc; Robin, Y.M.; Gosset, Pierre; Cotten, Anne

2011-01-01

Superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors located within the cutaneous and/or subcutaneous layers. Most superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are low-grade tumors; yet, the risk of local recurrence is high, and initial wide surgery is the main prognostic factor. Some of these superficial sarcomas may grow, following an infiltrative pattern, and their real extent may be underestimated clinically. Imaging techniques are useful to determine precisely the real margins of the tumor, especially in cases of clinically doubtful or recurrent or large superficial lesions. Imaging tools enable one to determine the relationship with the superficial fascia separating the subcutaneous layer from the underlying muscle. In our institution ultrasonographic examination is followed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging when the size of the lesion exceeds 3-5 cm. Imaging assessment is performed prior to biopsy, enabling optimal surgical management. Imaging features of the main superficial sarcomas are detailed in the following article, according to their major locations: those arising in the epidermis and/or dermis, which are most often diagnosed by dermatologists, and the subcutaneous sarcomas. (orig.)

Imaging of the most frequent superficial soft-tissue sarcomas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morel, Melanie; Taieb, Sophie; Ceugnart, Luc [Centre Oscar Lambret, Department of Radiology, Lille (France); Penel, Nicolas [Centre Oscar Lambret, Department of Oncology, Lille (France); Mortier, Laurent [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Department of Dermatology, Hopital Claude Huriez, Lille (France); Vanseymortier, Luc [Centre Oscar Lambret, Department of Surgery, Lille (France); Robin, Y.M. [Centre Oscar Lambret, Departement of Pathology, Lille (France); Gosset, Pierre [Groupement Hospitalier de l' Institut Catholique-Faculte Libre de Medecine de Lille, Department of Pathology, Hopital Saint-Philibert, Lomme (France); Cotten, Anne [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Centre Hopital Roger Salengro, Lille (France)

2011-03-15

Superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors located within the cutaneous and/or subcutaneous layers. Most superficial soft-tissue sarcomas are low-grade tumors; yet, the risk of local recurrence is high, and initial wide surgery is the main prognostic factor. Some of these superficial sarcomas may grow, following an infiltrative pattern, and their real extent may be underestimated clinically. Imaging techniques are useful to determine precisely the real margins of the tumor, especially in cases of clinically doubtful or recurrent or large superficial lesions. Imaging tools enable one to determine the relationship with the superficial fascia separating the subcutaneous layer from the underlying muscle. In our institution ultrasonographic examination is followed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging when the size of the lesion exceeds 3-5 cm. Imaging assessment is performed prior to biopsy, enabling optimal surgical management. Imaging features of the main superficial sarcomas are detailed in the following article, according to their major locations: those arising in the epidermis and/or dermis, which are most often diagnosed by dermatologists, and the subcutaneous sarcomas. (orig.)

A new Job&apos;s tear cultivar &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishida, M.; Chiba, I.; Kato, M.; Okuyama, Y.; Sugawara, S.; Tanosaki, S.; Shindo, K.; Ishikura, N.; Seki, K.; Endo, T.; Shibata, M.

1997-01-01

A new Job&apos;s tear cultivar &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos;, developed at the Tohoku National Agricultural Experiment Station, Morioka, Japan was registered as Norin No.2 Job&apos;s tear and released by Japan&apos;s Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 1995. &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; is a progeny from a gamma-ray radiated mutant of &apos;'Okayama-zairai'&apos; in 1980. &apos;'Okayama-zairai'&apos; shows high yield and good quality. However, its demerits are late maturity and long plant height. The major agronomic characteristics of the new cultivar &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; are as follows: The maturity is earlier than that of &apos;&apos;Okayama0zairai&apos;&apos;, yielding ability is 38% higher than that of &apos;&apos;Okayama-zairai , the plant height is 30 cm shorter than that of &apos;'Okayama-zairai'&apos; and it is suitable for combine harvest. &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; has large seeds with good quality for tea processing. Shattering is easy, and resistance to leaf blight is medium. &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; is adaptable to middle mountain regions in chugoku district of Japan. This cultivar has been recommended in Hiroshima prefecture since 1995

Superficial dose evaluation of four dose calculation algorithms

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, Ying; Yang, Xiaoyu; Yang, Zhen; Qiu, Xiaoping; Lv, Zhiping; Lei, Mingjun; Liu, Gui; Zhang, Zijian; Hu, Yongmei

2017-08-01

Accurate superficial dose calculation is of major importance because of the skin toxicity in radiotherapy, especially within the initial 2 mm depth being considered more clinically relevant. The aim of this study is to evaluate superficial dose calculation accuracy of four commonly used algorithms in commercially available treatment planning systems (TPS) by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and film measurements. The superficial dose in a simple geometrical phantom with size of 30 cm×30 cm×30 cm was calculated by PBC (Pencil Beam Convolution), AAA (Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm), AXB (Acuros XB) in Eclipse system and CCC (Collapsed Cone Convolution) in Raystation system under the conditions of source to surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm and field size (FS) of 10×10 cm2. EGSnrc (BEAMnrc/DOSXYZnrc) program was performed to simulate the central axis dose distribution of Varian Trilogy accelerator, combined with measurements of superficial dose distribution by an extrapolation method of multilayer radiochromic films, to estimate the dose calculation accuracy of four algorithms in the superficial region which was recommended in detail by the ICRU (International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurement) and the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). In superficial region, good agreement was achieved between MC simulation and film extrapolation method, with the mean differences less than 1%, 2% and 5% for 0°, 30° and 60°, respectively. The relative skin dose errors were 0.84%, 1.88% and 3.90%; the mean dose discrepancies (0°, 30° and 60°) between each of four algorithms and MC simulation were (2.41±1.55%, 3.11±2.40%, and 1.53±1.05%), (3.09±3.00%, 3.10±3.01%, and 3.77±3.59%), (3.16±1.50%, 8.70±2.84%, and 18.20±4.10%) and (14.45±4.66%, 10.74±4.54%, and 3.34±3.26%) for AXB, CCC, AAA and PBC respectively. Monte Carlo simulation verified the feasibility of the superficial dose measurements by multilayer Gafchromic films. And the rank

Development and deployment of a novel &apos;'yellow'&apos; demulsifier for the gullfaks &apos;'A'&apos; platform

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jackson, S.J.; Ingebrigtsen, T.; Breen, P.J.; Waage, J.; Thorstenson, T.; Melby, S.

2006-03-15

Oil producers are increasingly under pressure to produce their product in an environmentally sound manner. Releases to the environment are undesirable and, where permitted to make such releases, oil producers should minimise their environmental impact. The bulk of treatment chemicals designed to improve separation and provide clean water for disposal can themselves be harmful to the environment and must conform to very stringent rules to be considered environmentally acceptable, or &apos;'green'&apos;. Here we present data on the development of a green demulsifier for Statoil&apos;s Gullfaks &apos;'A'&apos; platform, which not only meets the very stringent regulations but also exhibits a significant improvement in product performance. While the&apos;&apos;bottle test&apos;&apos; remains the industry standard method for selecting demulsifiers, in recent years the &apos;&apos;mini trial&apos;&apos; method for product selection has gained favour. We describe using a combination of both methods for the development of the novel demulsifier technology described here. (Author) (tk)

The strategic &apos;'pull'&apos; and operational &apos;'push'&apos; of total quality management in UK regional electricity service companies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McAdam, R.; McLean, J.; Henderson, J.

2003-04-30

The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether the UK regional electricity companies (RECs) has used total quality management (TQM) as a &apos;'push'&apos; or as a &apos;'pull'&apos; change methodology. &apos;'Push'&apos; is the operational improvement role of TQM; &apos;'pull'&apos; is the strategic or direction giving, improvement role of TQM. Following the onset of privatisation in 1990 there has been evidence of the RECs adopting TQM in both &apos;'push'&apos; and &apos;'pull'&apos; methodologies with varying degrees of success. An evaluation of the change processes involved will enable improved change models to be developed leading to increased business effectiveness in this 30 billion pounds sterling industry. Other possible benefits include the possible generalisations to other utilities such as water, roads, gas and telecoms. The research methodology includes a comparative case study analysis of five RECs, which have used TQM as their overarching approach to change. One of the cases is analysed to a more in-depth level based on the multiple case findings. The findings indicate that the &apos;'push-pull'&apos; analysis enables the full range of TQM activities to be evaluated in the RECs studied. Overall, there is a need to have a balanced portfolio of operational or &apos;'push'&apos;-based TQM activity that is driven by strategic or &apos;'pull'&apos; based TQM planning and activity. (author)

Scanning electron microscopy of superficial white onychomycosis*

Science.gov (United States)

de Almeida Jr., Hiram Larangeira; Boabaid, Roberta Oliveira; Timm, Vitor; Silva, Ricardo Marques e; de Castro, Luis Antonio Suita

2015-01-01

Superficial white onychomycosis is characterized by opaque, friable, whitish superficial spots on the nail plate. We examined an affected halux nail of a 20-year-old male patient with scanning electron microscopy. The mycological examination isolated Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Abundant hyphae with the formation of arthrospores were found on the nail's surface, forming small fungal colonies. These findings showed the great capacity for dissemination of this form of onychomycosis. PMID:26560225

Clinico Mycological Study of Superficial Mycoses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rachana J. Magdum

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Background: Generally it is well established fact that geographical distribution of the fungi may change from time to time; hence this study was planned. Aim and Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of superficial mycoses, its clinical presentation and species identification of the fungal isolates responsible for the disease. Material and Methods: A total 125 clinically diagnosed cases of superficial mycoses visiting Dermatology and Venereology outpatient department of Bharati Hospital, Sangli, for a period of one year were included in the study. Specimens like skin scrapping, nail clipping, hair were collected and subjected to KOH mount and culture. Identification of species was done by macroscopic examination of culture, tease mount and other physiological tests including Urease test, Hair perforation tests and Germ tube test. Results: Superficial mycosis was more common in the age group of 21-30 years (28% and in males (60.8%. The infection was more common in students (29.6%. Tinea corporis (42.4% was the commonest clinical type followed by tinea cruris (22.4%. 61.6% cases were positive by direct microscopy and 60.8% cases showed culture positive. Out of 125 samples, dermatophytes were grown in 63 cases (82.89% followed by non dermatophytic moulds in 10 cases (13.16% and Candida albicans in 3 cases (3.95%. The most common isolate among dermtophytosis was T. rubrum (46.05% followed by T. mentagrophyte (25%. Conclusion: It was concluded that along with dermatophytes, non dermatophytic moulds are also important to cause of superficial mycoses

Aspects of the cosmological &apos;&apos;coincidence problem&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Velten, H.E.S.; Marttens, R.F. vom; Zimdahl, W. [Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Departamento de Fisica, Vitoria, Espirito Santo (Brazil)

2014-11-15

The observational fact that the present values of the densities of dark energy and dark matter are of the same order of magnitude, ρ{sub de0}/ρ{sub dm0} ∝ O(1), seems to indicate that we are currently living in a very special period of the cosmic history. Within the standard model, a density ratio of the order of one just at the present epoch can be seen as coincidental since it requires very special initial conditions in the early Universe. The corresponding &apos;&apos;why now&apos;&apos; question constitutes the cosmological &apos;&apos;coincidence problem&apos;&apos;. According to the standard model the equality ρ{sub de} = ρ{sub dm} took place &apos;'recently'&apos; at a redshift z ∼ 0.55. The meaning of &apos;'recently'&apos; is, however, parameter dependent. In terms of the cosmic time the situation looks different. We discuss several aspects of the &apos;&apos;coincidence problem&apos;&apos;, also in its relation to the cosmological constant problem, to issues of structure formation and to cosmic age considerations. (orig.)

Characterization of a porcine model of chronic superficial varicose veins.

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Gregory T; Grant, Mark W; Thomson, Ian A; Hill, B Geraldine; van Rij, André M

2009-06-01

Previous animal models of venous disease, while inducing venous hypertension and valvular insufficiency, do not produce superficial varicose veins. In this study, we aimed to develop and characterize a pig-based model of superficial varicose veins. Right femoral arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) were surgically fashioned in young adult pigs. Animals were examined at postoperative times up to 15 weeks to determine the development of varicose veins and measurement of both blood pressure and flow velocities within the superficial thigh veins. Histology and vascular corrosion casts were used to characterize the resulting structural venous alterations. Porcine pathophysiological features were compared with those of human primary superficial varicose veins. Gross superficial varicosities developed over the ipsilateral medial thigh region after an initial lag period of 1-2 weeks. Veins demonstrated retrograde filling with valvular incompetence, and a moderate, non-pulsatile, venous hypertension, which was altered by changes in posture and Valsalva. Venous blood flow velocities were elevated to 15-30 cm/s in varicose veins. Structurally, pig varicose veins were enlarged, tortuous, had valvular degeneration, and regions of focal medial atrophy with or without overlying intimal thickening. The superficial varicose veins, which developed within this model, have a pathophysiology that is consistent with that observed in humans. The porcine femoral AVF model is proposed as a suitable experimental model to evaluate the pathobiology of superficial venous disease. It may also be suitable for the evaluation of treatment interventions including drug therapy.

Superficial herpes simplex virus wound infection following lung transplantation.

Science.gov (United States)

Karolak, Wojtek; Wojarski, Jacek; Zegleń, Sławomir; Ochman, Marek; Urlik, Maciej; Hudzik, Bartosz; Wozniak-Grygiel, Elzbieta; Maruszewski, Marcin

2017-08-01

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections of tissues, organs, or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure. SSIs are classified into superficial, which are limited to skin and subcutaneous tissues, and deep. The incidence of deep SSIs in lung transplant (LTx) patients is estimated at 5%. No reports have been published as to the incidence of superficial SSIs specifically in LTx patients. Common sense would dictate that the majority of superficial SSIs would be bacterial. Uncommonly, fungal SSIs may occur, and we believe that no reports exist as to the incidence of viral wound infections in LTx patients, or in any solid organ transplant patients. We report a de novo superficial wound infection with herpes simplex virus following lung transplantation, its possible source, treatment, and resolution. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

&apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms following endovascular procedures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Briganti, F.; Cirillo, S.; Caranci, F. [Department of Neurological Sciences, Services of Neuroradiology, ' ' Federico II' ' University, Naples (Italy); Esposito, F.; Maiuri, F. [Department of Neurological Sciences, Services of Neurosurgery, ' ' Federico II' ' University, Naples (Italy)

2002-07-01

Two personal cases of &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) occurring 9 and 4 years, respectively, after endovascular carotid occlusion are described. A review of the 30 reported cases (including our own two) of &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms after occlusion of the major cerebral vessels has shown some features, including a rather long time interval after the endovascular procedure of up to 20-25 years (average 9.6 years), a preferential ACoA (36.3%) and internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PCoA) (33.3%) location of the &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms, and a 10% rate of multiple aneurysms. These data are compared with those of the group of reported spontaneous &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms after SAH or previous aneurysm clipping. We agree that the frequency of &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms after major-vessel occlusion (two among ten procedures in our series, or 20%) is higher than commonly reported (0 to 11%). For this reason, we suggest that patients who have been submitted to endovascular major-vessel occlusion be followed up for up to 20-25 years after the procedure, using non-invasive imaging studies such as MR angiography and high-resolution CT angiography. On the other hand, periodic digital angiography has a questionable risk-benefit ratio; it may be used when a &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysm is detected or suspected on non-invasive studies. The progressive enlargement of the ACoA after carotid occlusion, as described in our case 1, must be considered a radiological finding of risk for &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysm formation. (orig.)

Understanding the three-dimensional anatomy of the superficial lymphatics of the limbs.

Science.gov (United States)

Tourani, Saam S; Taylor, G Ian; Ashton, Mark W

2014-11-01

There are minimal data in the current literature regarding the depth of the superficial lymphatic collectors of the limbs in relation to the various subcutaneous tissue layers. Injection, microdissection, radiographic, and histologic studies of the superficial lymphatics and the subcutaneous tissues of 32 limbs from 15 human cadavers were performed. Five layers were consistently identified in the integument of all the upper and lower limb specimens: (1) skin, (2) subcutaneous fat, (3) superficial fascia, (4) loose areolar tissue, and (5) deep fascia. Layer 2 was further divided into superficial (2a) and deep (2c) compartments by a thin, transparent, horizontal septum (layer 2b). The main superficial veins and the superficial nerves coursed in layer 4. The lymphatic collectors were found at layer 2c and layer 4. The use of consistent nomenclature to describe the subcutaneous tissue layers facilitates a greater understanding and discussion of the anatomy. In lymphovenous anastomosis for the treatment of lymphedema, indocyanine green lymphography is an unreliable method for identification of the superficial collectors of the thigh. The medial proximal leg, the dorsum of the wrist over the anatomical snuffbox, and the volar proximal forearm provide suitable areas for locating superficial collectors with nearby matching size veins. In vertical medial thigh lift, choosing a dissection plane superficial to the great saphenous vein is unlikely to preserve the collectors of the ventromedial bundle.

Social network extraction based on Web: 1. Related superficial methods

Science.gov (United States)

Khairuddin Matyuso Nasution, Mahyuddin

2018-01-01

Often the nature of something affects methods to resolve the related issues about it. Likewise, methods to extract social networks from the Web, but involve the structured data types differently. This paper reveals several methods of social network extraction from the same sources that is Web: the basic superficial method, the underlying superficial method, the description superficial method, and the related superficial methods. In complexity we derive the inequalities between methods and so are their computations. In this case, we find that different results from the same tools make the difference from the more complex to the simpler: Extraction of social network by involving co-occurrence is more complex than using occurrences.

[Superficial venous thrombosis. A state of art].

Science.gov (United States)

Sándor, Tamás

2017-01-01

For a long time superficial thrombophlebitis has been thought to be a rather benign condition. Recently, when duplex ultrasound technique is used for the diagnosis more and more often, the disease is proved to be more dangerous than anticipated. Thrombosis propagates to the deep veins in 6-44% and pulmonary embolism was observed on the patients in 1,5-33%. We can calculate venous thromboembolic complications on every fourth patient. Diagnosis is clinical, but duplex ultrasound examination is mandatory, for estimation of the thrombus extent, for exclusion of the deep venous thrombosis and for follow up. Both legs should be checked with ultrasound, because simultaneous deep venous thrombosis can develop on the contralateral limb. Two different forms can be distinguished: superficial venous thrombosis with, or without varicose veins. In cases of spontaneous, non varicous form, especially when the process is migrating or recurrent, a careful clinical examination is necessery for exclusion of malignant diseases and thrombophilia. The treatment options are summarised on the basis of recent international consensus statements. The American and German guidelines are similar. Compression and mobilisation are cornerstones of the therapy. For a short segment thrombosis non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are effective. For longer segments low molecular-weight heparins are preferred. Information on the effect of the novel oral anticoagulants for the therapy is lacking but they may appear to be effective in the future for this indication. When thrombus is close to the sapheno-femoral or sapheno-popliteal junction crossectomy (high ligation), or low molecular-weight heparin in therapeutic doses are indicated. The term superficial thrombophlebitis should be discouraged, because inflammation and infection is not the primary pathology. It should be called correctly superficial venous thrombosis in order to avoid the unnecessary administration of antibiotics and the misconception

Characterization and behavior in the environment of the crude oil &apos;'Prestige'&apos;; Caracterisation et comportement dans l&apos;environnement du fioul &apos;'Prestige'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-03-01

This study presents analysis realized on the crude oil of the tanker &apos;'Prestige'&apos; which sunk the 19 november 2002. The specifications on the product and its behavior in sea water are detailed. All the analysis are compared to the &apos;'Erika'&apos; crude oil. (A.L.B.)

Spontaneous Rupture of Superficial Femoral Artery Repaired with Endovascular Stent-Grafting with use of Rendez-Vous Technique, Followed by Delayed Infection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fanelli, Fabrizio, E-mail: fabrizio.fanelli@uniroma1.it; Cannavale, Alessandro [University of Rome ' Sapienza,' , Department of Radiological Sciences, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit (Italy); Gazzetti, Marianna [Sapienza University of Rome ' Sapienza,' , Department of Surgery Paride Stefanini, Vascular Surgery Division, Policlinico Umberto I (Italy); Fantozzi, Cristiano; Taurino, Maurizio [University of Rome ' Sapienza,' , Department of Vascular Surgery (Italy); Speziale, Francesco [Sapienza University of Rome ' Sapienza,' , Department of Surgery Paride Stefanini, Vascular Surgery Division, Policlinico Umberto I (Italy)

2013-02-15

This is the case of a 72-year-old man with lower limb ischemia due to spontaneous rupture of nonaneurysmal superficial femoral artery that developed into thigh hematoma. After failure of a Fogarty revascularization, an emergency endovascular procedure was performed to restore the arterial continuity. A rendezvous procedure was performed with a double femoral and popliteal approach and two covered stent-grafts were deployed. Patient&apos;s clinical conditions immediately improved, but 4 months later the stent-grafts were surgically removed for infection and exteriorization. A femoropopliteal bypass was performed. After 1 year follow-up, the patient is in good clinical condition.

&apos;'Old'&apos; locked inflation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Yang; Piao, Yun-Song [College of Physical Sciences, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China); Si, Zong-Guo, E-mail: liuyangbyf@mail.sdu.edu.cn, E-mail: yspiao@gucas.ac.cn, E-mail: zgsi@sdu.edu.cn [Department of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)

2009-05-15

In this paper, we revisit the idea of locked inflation, which does not require a potential satisfying the normal slow-roll condition, but suffers from the problems associated with &apos;&apos;saddle inflation&apos;&apos;. We propose a scenario based on locked inflation, however, with an alternative evolution mechanism of the &apos;&apos;waterfall field&apos;&apos; {phi}. Instead of rolling down along the potential, the {phi} field will tunnel to end the inflation stage like in old inflation, by which the saddle inflation could be avoided. Further, we study a cascade of old locked inflation, which can be motivated by the string landscape. Our model is based on the consideration of making locked inflation feasible so as to give a working model without slow roll; It also can be seen as an effort to embed the old inflation in string landscape.

Major Superficial White Matter Abnormalities in Huntington's Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Phillips, Owen R.; Joshi, Shantanu H.; Squitieri, Ferdinando; Sanchez-Castaneda, Cristina; Narr, Katherine; Shattuck, David W.; Caltagirone, Carlo; Sabatini, Umberto; Di Paola, Margherita

2016-01-01

Background: The late myelinating superficial white matter at the juncture of the cortical gray and white matter comprising the intracortical myelin and short-range association fibers has not received attention in Huntington's disease. It is an area of the brain that is late myelinating and is sensitive to both normal aging and neurodegenerative disease effects. Therefore, it may be sensitive to Huntington's disease processes. Methods: Structural MRI data from 25 Pre-symptomatic subjects, 24 Huntington's disease patients and 49 healthy controls was run through a cortical pattern-matching program. The surface corresponding to the white matter directly below the cortical gray matter was then extracted. Individual subject's Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data was aligned to their structural MRI data. Diffusivity values along the white matter surface were then sampled at each vertex point. DTI measures with high spatial resolution across the superficial white matter surface were then analyzed with the General Linear Model to test for the effects of disease. Results: There was an overall increase in the axial and radial diffusivity across much of the superficial white matter (p < 0.001) in Pre-symptomatic subjects compared to controls. In Huntington's disease patients increased diffusivity covered essentially the whole brain (p < 0.001). Changes are correlated with genotype (CAG repeat number) and disease burden (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed broad abnormalities in superficial white matter even before symptoms are present in Huntington's disease. Since, the superficial white matter has a unique microstructure and function these abnormalities suggest it plays an important role in the disease. PMID:27242403

Superficial or deep implantation of motor nerve after denervation: an experimental study--superficial or deep implantation of motor nerve.

Science.gov (United States)

Askar, Ibrahím; Sabuncuoglu, Bízden Tavíl

2002-01-01

Neurorraphy, conventional nerve grafting technique, and artificial nerve conduits are not enough for repair in severe injuries of peripheral nerves, especially when there is separation of motor nerve from muscle tissue. In these nerve injuries, reinnervation is indicated for neurotization. The distal end of a peripheral nerve is divided into fascicles and implanted into the aneural zone of target muscle tissue. It is not known how deeply fascicles should be implanted into muscle tissue. A comparative study of superficial and deep implantation of separated motor nerve into muscle tissue is presented in the gastrocnemius muscle of rabbits. In this experimental study, 30 white New Zealand rabbits were used and divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each. In the first group (controls, group I), only surgical exposure of the gastrocnemius muscle and motor nerve (tibial nerve) was done without any injury to nerves. In the superficial implantation group (group II), tibial nerves were separated and divided into their own fascicles. These fascicles were implanted superficially into the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle-aneural zone. In the deep implantation group (group III), the tibial nerves were separated and divided into their own fascicles. These fascicles were implanted around the center of the muscle mass, into the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle-aneural zone. Six months later, histopathological changes and functional recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle were investigated. Both experimental groups had less muscular weight than in the control group. It was found that functional recovery was achieved in both experimental groups, and was better in the superficial implantation group than the deep implantation group. EMG recordings revealed that polyphasic and late potentials were frequently seen in both experimental groups. Degeneration and regeneration of myofibrils were observed in both experimental groups. New motor end-plates were formed in a scattered

&apos;&apos;House in park&apos;&apos; gold plated. Subsequent certification for the new office building; &apos;&apos;Haus im Park&apos;&apos; vergoldet. Nachtraegliche LEED-Zertifizierung fuer neues Buerogebaeude

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herzog, Kati; Wildhack, Alice [Bilfinger Berger AG, Mannheim (Germany). Abt. Nachhaltigkeit/Energieeffizienz

2011-07-01

In March 2011, the &apos;&apos;house in park&apos;&apos; received the signet LEED {sup registered} of the U.S. Green Building Council (Washington, North Carolina, U.S.A.) in &apos;'gold'&apos;. In general, it is the second German project that was awarded with &apos;'gold'&apos; in the certification version &apos;&apos;New Construction, version 2009&apos;&apos;. The special challenge: In the planning phase, no aspects relevant to planning and execution with regard to LEED were implemented. In total there are 15 LEED-certified buildings actually in Germany (worldwide: 7,894). 115 Projects are registered (worldwide: 23,238). The trend is increasing, both nationally as well as internationally.

&apos;et&apos; special: &apos;&apos;E-world of energy&apos;&apos;; &apos;et&apos;-special: &apos;&apos;E-world of energy&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2001-02-01

The &apos;et&apos; special on the conference &apos;E-world of energy&apos;, held from February 13 - 15, 2001 in Essen (Germany) presents contributions of experts who offer solutions to issues and many topical questions arising in the business of traders and utilities as participants of (international) energy markets at various stages of transition towards workable competition. The translated titles of the 15 contributions reproduced in this &apos;et&apos; special indicate the major contents of the conference papers: 1. Internet-based wholesale power trading as a competitive option to the power exchange. 2. Forward graphs in European electricity markets. 3. Portfolio management in energy trading. 4. Risk management concepts in energy trading. 5. E-commerce as a driving force of a change in the energy markets. 6. eHuman resources management - a vital aspect of corporate success. 7. A brand policy for electricity? 8. Is it really only the price that counts for the customers? 9. The City Power network: an example of successful customer loyalty strategy for local and regional utilities. 10. The Call Center, an important instrument for customer loyalty programmes. 11. eCommerce or eLlusion? 12. eBusiness as a corporate strategy. 13. Meeting the challenges of increasing IT requirements. 14. IT solutions for transmission and distribution network management. 15. Target costing - pinpointed cost planning and control for the energy supply industry. (orig./CB) [German] In dem &apos;et&apos;-Special zur Konferenz &apos;E-world of energy&apos;, die vom 13.- 15. Februar 2001 in Essen stattfand, bieten Experten Loesungsvorschlaege fuer die aktuellen Fragen und Probleme an, die sich auf dem Weg zu liberalisierten Energiemaerkten stellen. Die folgenden Titel der 15 Beitraege geben eine Uebersicht ueber den Inhalt der Konferenzbeitraege. Themen: 1. Internetbasierte Grosshandelsmaerkte als Konkurrenz zu Energieboersen 2. Forward-Kurven in europaeischen Strommaerkten 3

HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MARGINAL SUPERFICIAL PERIODONTIUM AT MENOPAUSE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Georgescu

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Premises: Sexual hormones may affect the general health condition of women, as early as puberty, continuing during pregnancy and also after menopause. Variations of the hormonal levels may cause different – either local or general – pathological modifications. Sexual hormones may also affect periodontal status, favourizing gingival inflammations and reducing periodontal resistance to the action of the bacterial plaque. Scope: Establishment of the correlations between the debut or the manifestation of menopause and the modifications produced in the superficial periodontium. Materials and method: Clinical and paraclinical investigations were performed on female patients with ages between 45 and 66 years, involving macroscopic, microscopic and radiological recording of the aspect of the superificial periodontium (gingiva. Results: Analysis of the histological sections evidenced atrophic and involutive modifications in the marginal superficial periodontium of female patients at menopause. Conclusions: Sexual hormones intervene in the histological equilibrium of the marginal superficial periodontium, influencing the periodontal health status, which explains the correlation between the subjective symptomatology specific to menopause and the histopatological aspect at epithelial level.

Diagnosis and treatment of superficial esophageal cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Barret, Maximilien; Prat, Frédéric

2018-01-01

Endoscopy allows for the screening, early diagnosis, treatment and follow up of superficial esophageal cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection has become the gold standard for the resection of superficial squamous cell neoplasia. Combinations of endoscopic mucosal resection and radiofrequency ablation are the mainstay of the management of Barrett's associated neoplasia. However, protruded, non-lifting or large lesions may be better managed by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Novel ablation tools, such as argon plasma coagulation with submucosal lifting and cryoablation balloons, are being developed for the treatment of residual Barrett's esophagus, since iatrogenic strictures still hamper the development of extensive circumferential resections in the esophagus. Optimal surveillance modalities after endoscopic resection are still to be determined. The assessment of the risk of lymph-node metastases, as well as of the need for additional treatments based on qualitative and quantitative histological criteria, balanced to the patient's condition, requires a dedicated multidisciplinary team decision process. The need for trained endoscopists, expert pathologists and surgeons, and specialized multidisciplinary meetings underlines the role of expert centers in the management of superficial esophageal cancer.

The role of 3D Helical CT in the reconstructive treatment of maxillofacial cancers; Tomografia Computerizzata spirale con elaborazioni tridimensionali di superficie nel trattamento ricostruttivo dei tumori maligni del massiccio facciale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Rosa, V.; Ziviello, M. [Ospedale Cardarelli, Servizio di Radiodiagnostica, Naples (Italy); Ionna, F.; Mozzillo, N. [Ospedale Cardarelli, Div. di Chirurgia B, Ist. Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples (Italy); Parascandolo, S. [Ospedale Cardarelli, Div. di Chirurgia Maxillo-Facciale, Naples (Italy)

2000-12-01

-ferrous metal of low atomic number that allows very clear CT and MR images to be obtained. Further Ti features are strength, biocompatibility and easy handling. 3D Helical CT scan has proven to be the most complete and accurate imaging technique for reconstructive plastic surgery with alloplastic material in advanced maxillofacial cancer, also considering the anatomic and functional complexity of his area. The prospect is provided to identify virtual 3D presurgical ablation planes. These may allow the surgeon to improve plastic reconstruction and shorten intervention time. [Italian] Scopo di questo articolo e&apos; quello di analizzare il ruolo della TC spirale e i vantaggi delle ricostruzioni tridimensionali di superficie nella pianificazione e controllo degli interventi di chirurgia ricostruttiva plastica con materiale alloplastico nelle neoplasie maligne del massiccio facciale. Sono state eseguite dal 1996 al 1999 11 ricostruzioni plastiche dell&apos;osso mascellare per neoplasie osteodestruenti il massiccio facciale utilizzando materiale alloplastico. Per la ricostruzione della parete anteriore dell&apos;osso mascellare e del pavimento orbitario e&apos; stata utlizzata una rete di titanio al 100% modulabile. Applicato nel cavo residuo dell&apos;osso un otturatore siliconato sormontante una protesi acrilica con arcata dentaria per la ricostruzione del palato. In due casi utilizzato pericardio bovino modulato sulla soluzione di continuo. Tutti i pazienti sono stati studiati con TC spirale sia nella fase preoperatoria che entro il sesto mese dall&apos;intervento chirurgico. Elaborate ricostruzioni tridimensionali della superficie (shaed surface display-SSD) con valori soglia compresi tra 425 e 630 UH ma con intervallo piu&apos; stretto di finestra sui valori UH all&apos;interfaccia osso/rete di titanio nei controlli del modellamento protesico. L&apos;elaborazione tridimensionale della superificie sui dati ottenuti con acquisizione volumetrica ha fornito in tutti casi la fedele

XVII International Scientific Conference &apos;&apos;RESHETNEV READINGS&apos;&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-01-01

The International Scientific Conference &apos;RESHETNEV READINGS&apos; is dedicated to the memory of Mikhail Reshetnev, an outstanding scientist, chief-constructor of space-rocket systems and communication satellites. The current volume represents selected proceedings of the main conference materials which were published by XVII International Scientific Conference &apos;RESHETNEV READINGS&apos; held on November 12 – 14, 2013. Plenary sessions, round tables and forums will be attended by famous scientists, developers and designers representing the space technology sector, as well as professionals and experts in the IT industry. A number of outstanding academic figures expressed their interest in an event of such a level including Jaures Alferov, Vice-president of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Academician of RAS, Nobel laureate, Dirk Bochar, General Secretary of the European Federation of National Engineering Associates (FEANI), Prof. Yuri Gulyaev, Academician of RAS, Member of the Presidium of RAS, President of the International Union of Scientific and Engineering Associations, Director of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, as well as rectors of the largest universities in Russia, chief executives of well-known research enterprises and representatives of big businesses. We would like to thank our main sponsors such as JSC &apos;&apos;Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems&apos;&apos;, JSC &apos;&apos;Krasnoyarsk Engineering Plant&apos;&apos;, Central Design Bureau &apos;'Geophysics'&apos;, Krasnoyarsk Region Authorities. These enterprises and companies are leading ones in the aerospace branch. It is a great pleasure to cooperate and train specialists for them. (preface)

Angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular tumors in the liver: A feasibility study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Sung Il; Shin, Min Woo; Shin, Won Seon [Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); and others

2016-09-15

To evaluate the feasibility of angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall, in order to traverse normal liver parenchyma, and thereby, obtain favorable configuration of ablation margin. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 15 small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall in 15 patients, treated with radiofrequency ablation from March 2013 to June 2015 using a cool-tip electrode manually modified to create 25–35° angle at the junction between exposed and insulated segments. The tumors were hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 13) and metastases (n = 2: cholangiocellular carcinoma and rectosigmoid cancer), with maximum diameter of 10–26 mm (mean, 15.68 ± 5.29 mm). Under ultrasonographic guidance, the electrode tip was advanced to the depth of the tumors&apos; epicenter about 1 cm from the margin. The tip was re-directed to penetrate the tumor for radiofrequency ablation. Minimal ablation margin was measured at immediate post-treatment CT. Radiological images and medical records were evaluated for success rate, length of minimal ablation margin and complications. Technical success rate of obtaining complete necrosis of the tumors was 100%, with no procedure-related complication. Minimal ablation margin ranged from 3–12 mm (mean, 7.07 ± 2.23 mm). CT/MRI follow-up at 21–1022 days (mean, 519.47 ± 304.51 days) revealed no local recurrence, but distant recurrence in 9 patients. Using an angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular tumors abutting abdominal wall may be a feasible technique for obtaining adequate ablation margin and lower complication rate.

Angled Cool-Tip Electrode for Radiofrequency Ablation of Small Superficial Subcapsular Tumors in the Liver: A Feasibility Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Sung Il [Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Il Jung [Department of Radiology, Bucheon St. Mary' s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Shin Jae [Department of Radiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496 (Korea, Republic of); Shin, Min Woo; Shin, Won Sun; Chung, Yong Eun; Kim, Gyoung Min; Kim, Man Deuk; Won, Jong Yun; Lee, Do Yun [Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722 (Korea, Republic of); Choi, Jin Sub [Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722 (Korea, Republic of); Han, Kwang-Hyub [Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722 (Korea, Republic of)

2016-11-01

To evaluate the feasibility of angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall, in order to traverse normal liver parenchyma, and thereby, obtain favorable configuration of ablation margin. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 15 small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall in 15 patients, treated with radiofrequency ablation from March 2013 to June 2015 using a cool-tip electrode manually modified to create 25–35° angle at the junction between exposed and insulated segments. The tumors were hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 13) and metastases (n = 2: cholangiocellular carcinoma and rectosigmoid cancer), with maximum diameter of 10–26 mm (mean, 15.68 ± 5.29 mm). Under ultrasonographic guidance, the electrode tip was advanced to the depth of the tumors&apos; epicenter about 1 cm from the margin. The tip was re-directed to penetrate the tumor for radiofrequency ablation. Minimal ablation margin was measured at immediate post-treatment CT. Radiological images and medical records were evaluated for success rate, length of minimal ablation margin and complications. Technical success rate of obtaining complete necrosis of the tumors was 100%, with no procedure-related complication. Minimal ablation margin ranged from 3–12 mm (mean, 7.07 ± 2.23 mm). CT/MRI follow-up at 21–1022 days (mean, 519.47 ± 304.51 days) revealed no local recurrence, but distant recurrence in 9 patients. Using an angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular tumors abutting abdominal wall may be a feasible technique for obtaining adequate ablation margin and lower complication rate.

Angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular tumors in the liver: A feasibility study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Sung Il; Shin, Min Woo; Shin, Won Seon

2016-01-01

To evaluate the feasibility of angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall, in order to traverse normal liver parenchyma, and thereby, obtain favorable configuration of ablation margin. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 15 small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall in 15 patients, treated with radiofrequency ablation from March 2013 to June 2015 using a cool-tip electrode manually modified to create 25–35° angle at the junction between exposed and insulated segments. The tumors were hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 13) and metastases (n = 2: cholangiocellular carcinoma and rectosigmoid cancer), with maximum diameter of 10–26 mm (mean, 15.68 ± 5.29 mm). Under ultrasonographic guidance, the electrode tip was advanced to the depth of the tumors&apos; epicenter about 1 cm from the margin. The tip was re-directed to penetrate the tumor for radiofrequency ablation. Minimal ablation margin was measured at immediate post-treatment CT. Radiological images and medical records were evaluated for success rate, length of minimal ablation margin and complications. Technical success rate of obtaining complete necrosis of the tumors was 100%, with no procedure-related complication. Minimal ablation margin ranged from 3–12 mm (mean, 7.07 ± 2.23 mm). CT/MRI follow-up at 21–1022 days (mean, 519.47 ± 304.51 days) revealed no local recurrence, but distant recurrence in 9 patients. Using an angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular tumors abutting abdominal wall may be a feasible technique for obtaining adequate ablation margin and lower complication rate

Angled Cool-Tip Electrode for Radiofrequency Ablation of Small Superficial Subcapsular Tumors in the Liver: A Feasibility Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Sung Il; Kim, Il Jung; Lee, Shin Jae; Shin, Min Woo; Shin, Won Sun; Chung, Yong Eun; Kim, Gyoung Min; Kim, Man Deuk; Won, Jong Yun; Lee, Do Yun; Choi, Jin Sub; Han, Kwang-Hyub

2016-01-01

To evaluate the feasibility of angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall, in order to traverse normal liver parenchyma, and thereby, obtain favorable configuration of ablation margin. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 15 small superficial subcapsular liver tumors abutting abdominal wall in 15 patients, treated with radiofrequency ablation from March 2013 to June 2015 using a cool-tip electrode manually modified to create 25–35° angle at the junction between exposed and insulated segments. The tumors were hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 13) and metastases (n = 2: cholangiocellular carcinoma and rectosigmoid cancer), with maximum diameter of 10–26 mm (mean, 15.68 ± 5.29 mm). Under ultrasonographic guidance, the electrode tip was advanced to the depth of the tumors&apos; epicenter about 1 cm from the margin. The tip was re-directed to penetrate the tumor for radiofrequency ablation. Minimal ablation margin was measured at immediate post-treatment CT. Radiological images and medical records were evaluated for success rate, length of minimal ablation margin and complications. Technical success rate of obtaining complete necrosis of the tumors was 100%, with no procedure-related complication. Minimal ablation margin ranged from 3–12 mm (mean, 7.07 ± 2.23 mm). CT/MRI follow-up at 21–1022 days (mean, 519.47 ± 304.51 days) revealed no local recurrence, but distant recurrence in 9 patients. Using an angled cool-tip electrode for radiofrequency ablation of small superficial subcapsular tumors abutting abdominal wall may be a feasible technique for obtaining adequate ablation margin and lower complication rate

Local superficial hyperthermia in combination with low-dose radiation therapy for palliation of superficially localized metastases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Owczarek, G.; Miszczyk, L.

2005-01-01

Full text: The aim of this study is to evaluate the response of superficially located metastases and local toxicity to microwave hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy. From May 2003 through December 2004 58 patients (33 male, 25 female; mean age 60 years) with lymph nodes or skin metastases were treated with microwave superficial hyperthermia combined with low-dose radiation therapy. Hyperthermia was administered twice weekly with high frequency applicator (∼900 Mhz) with water bolus. The temperature was set to 43 o C for 45 minutes. Radiotherapy was performed daily with dose 2 Gy or 4 Gy per fraction, to a total dose 20 Gy. There were 47 patients with carcinoma, 4 with sarcoma, 7 with melanoma. Treated regions were: head and neck (37 patients), chest wall 8, abdomen wall and groins 4, upper and lower limb 2 and 8 patients respectively. Primary tumor sites were: head and neck region (9 patients), lung 15, alimentary tract 8, breast 5, soft tissue 8, urogenital 4 and 9 patients with primary tumor site unknown. The toxicity was evaluated using 6 step scale: 0-no skin reaction, 1-faint red mark, 2-distinct red mark, 3-blisters, 4-brown mark, 5-necrosis. Presence of pain and its intensity were also analyzed. Diameter of tumor after the treatment was observed. Complete response was achieved in 5 patients (8.5 %), and partial response in 29 patients (50 %), no response was observed in 12 patients (20 %) and progression of tumor in 7 patients (12 %). No skin reaction was observed in 3 patients, faint red mark in 14 patients, distinct red mark in 28 patients, blisters in 8 patients, brown mark in 4 patients and necrosis in 1 patient. The pain occurred in 9 patients but it was no the cause of stopping treatment. Local superficial hyperthermia combined with low-dose radiation therapy is an effective method of treatment in a proportion of patients with superficial metastases. This combination of treatment modalities is well tolerated and is useful for palliation

Superficial parotidectomy via facelift incision

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lohuis, Peter J. F. M.; Tan, M. Liane; Bonte, Katrien; van den Brekel, Michiel W. M.; Balm, Alfons J. M.; Vermeersch, Hubert B.

2009-01-01

The stigma of a visually prominent facial scar following parotid surgery can be distressing to a young patient. The surgical technique of parotidectomy via a facelift incision is described and evaluated. Thirty patients with a benign lesion of the parotid gland underwent a partial superficial

Physiological Laterality of Superficial Cerebral Veins on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Matsushima, Satoshi; Shimizu, Tetsuya; Gomi, Taku; Fukuda, Kunihiko

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether laterality of the superficial cerebral veins can be seen on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in patients with no intracranial lesions that affect venous visualization. We retrospectively evaluated 386 patients who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging including SWI in our institute. Patients with a lesion with the potential to affect venous visualization on SWI were excluded. Two neuroradiologists visually evaluated the findings and scored the visualization of the superficial cerebral veins. Of the 386 patients, 315 (81.6%) showed no obvious laterality on venous visualization, 64 (16.6%) showed left-side dominant laterality, and 7 (1.8%) showed right-side dominant laterality. Left-side dominant physiological laterality exists in the visualization of the superficial cerebral veins on SWI. Therefore, when recognizing left-side dominant laterality of the superficial cerebral veins on SWI, the radiologist must also consider the possibility of physiological laterality.

&apos;'SMART'&apos; MULTIFUNCTIONAL POLYMERS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Charles McCormick; Andrew Lowe

2004-10-20

Herein we report the aqueous polymerization of acrylamide using reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to perform a comprehensive study on the polymerization of acrylamide. More specifically, the effect of polymerization conditions on the polymerization kinetics, molecular weight control, and blocking ability were examined. With this in mind, it was necessary to prepare &apos;'A'&apos; block (corona of the micelle) from a hydrophilic monomer. The responsive &apos;'B'&apos; block present in the core will be disclosed in the next two reports.

Results of Clinical Tests of Phytopreparation &apos;&apos;Tkis Nobati&apos;&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khositashvili, V.; Khositashvili, L.; Atuashvili, N.; Osmanova, V.; Chankseliani, Z.

2005-01-01

The present paper deals with the results of the study of natural vegetative extract of Folium pini. On the basis of multiple experiments it has been established that phytopreparation &apos;&apos;Tkis Nobati&apos;&apos; strengthens the leucocytoprotection of organism and improves physiological state in oncologic patients in the process of chemoradiotherapy treatment. The preparation &apos;&apos;Tkis Nobati&apos;&apos; provides the elimination of heavy metals from the organism. (author)

First monitoring report &apos;&apos;The future of the power&apos;&apos;; Erster Monitoring-Bericht &apos;&apos;Energie der Zukunft&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-12-15

The Federal Government has initiated the reconstruction of the energy supply towards a highly efficient and renewable energy systems using the energy concept from September, 2010, and using the energy political resolutions from June, 2011. The energy policy turnaround is ambitioned in its objectives as well as broadly defined. In order to consider the energy policy turnaround as well as the development of the energy market continuously, the Federal Government initiated the monitoring process &apos;&apos;Energy of the future&apos;&apos; with the aim to review regularly the implementation of the measures of the energy concepts as well as the progress in the goal achievement with a view on a secure, economical and environmentally compatible energy supply. The first monitoring report &apos;&apos;Energy of the future&apos;&apos; under consideration is the onset of this process. This report is an important basis for the current fact-based attendance of the energy policy turnaround.

Study of CL50 for heptachlor; Studio della CL50 dell&apos;ettacloro. Pesci autoctoni dell&apos;Argentina Cnesterodon Decemmaculatus esposti a {gamma} -HCH ed ettacloro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ridolfi, A.; Villaamil, E. C.; Ravenna, A.; Sassone, A. H.; Alvarez, G.; Olmos, V.; Lopez, C. M.; Roses, O. E. [Buenos Aires Univ., Buenos Aires (Argentina). Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Catedra de Toxicologia y Quimica Legal

2001-06-01

termiti. L&apos;ettacloro e&apos; stato trovato sulle superfici acquatiche a livelli di 5-30 ng/litro, ed il suo epossido in concentrazioni di 5 a 40 ng/litro (WHO, 1984). La presenza nell&apos;acqua di pesticidi persistenti, come l&apos;ettacloro e il {gamma}-HCH e&apos; il risultato non solo dell&apos;uso attuale ma anche dell&apos;uso precedente. Il {gamma}-HCH e&apos; uno dei pesticidi organoclorurati frequentemente scoperto in corsi d&apos;acqua in Argentina. Obiettivo di questo lavoro e&apos; stato lo studio delle CL50 dell&apos;ettacloro in concentrazioni variabili da solo e in presenza di una concentrazione invariabile di {gamma}-HCH su pesci Cnesterodon decemmaculatus a 24, 48, 72 e 96 ore di distanza.

Computations in the deep vs superficial layers of the cerebral cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Rolls, Edmund T; Mills, W Patrick C

2017-11-01

A fundamental question is how the cerebral neocortex operates functionally, computationally. The cerebral neocortex with its superficial and deep layers and highly developed recurrent collateral systems that provide a basis for memory-related processing might perform somewhat different computations in the superficial and deep layers. Here we take into account the quantitative connectivity within and between laminae. Using integrate-and-fire neuronal network simulations that incorporate this connectivity, we first show that attractor networks implemented in the deep layers that are activated by the superficial layers could be partly independent in that the deep layers might have a different time course, which might because of adaptation be more transient and useful for outputs from the neocortex. In contrast the superficial layers could implement more prolonged firing, useful for slow learning and for short-term memory. Second, we show that a different type of computation could in principle be performed in the superficial and deep layers, by showing that the superficial layers could operate as a discrete attractor network useful for categorisation and feeding information forward up a cortical hierarchy, whereas the deep layers could operate as a continuous attractor network useful for providing a spatially and temporally smooth output to output systems in the brain. A key advance is that we draw attention to the functions of the recurrent collateral connections between cortical pyramidal cells, often omitted in canonical models of the neocortex, and address principles of operation of the neocortex by which the superficial and deep layers might be specialized for different types of attractor-related memory functions implemented by the recurrent collaterals. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Long-term evolution of superficial optic disc drusen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Lasse Malmqvist; Lund-Andersen, Henrik; Hamann, Steffen

2017-01-01

with hereditary ODD were included. Results: Mean age at initial and follow-up examination was, respectively, 16.8 and 73.3 years. The median follow-up time was 56 years. A minimal or non-existing change in superficial ODD anatomy (size and number) was seen in 10 of 12 eyes. There was a tendency towards more......Purpose: Optic disc drusen (ODD) is hyaline deposits in the optic nerve head seen in 1-2% of the population. Long-term evolution of ODD anatomy and visual field defects in ODD patients is a key factor for learning more about pathophysiology and prognosis of the condition. With a median follow......-up period of 56 years, this is the first study that evaluates superficial optic disc anatomy and visual fields in patients with ODD over a life span. Methods: Observational case series investigating progression of superficial optic disc anatomy and visual fields in ODD patients. Eight patients...

What factors control superficial lava dome explosivity?

Science.gov (United States)

Boudon, Georges; Balcone-Boissard, Hélène; Villemant, Benoît; Morgan, Daniel J

2015-09-30

Dome-forming eruption is a frequent eruptive style and a major hazard on numerous volcanoes worldwide. Lava domes are built by slow extrusion of degassed, viscous magma and may be destroyed by gravitational collapse or explosion. The triggering of lava dome explosions is poorly understood: here we propose a new model of superficial lava-dome explosivity based upon a textural and geochemical study (vesicularity, microcrystallinity, cristobalite distribution, residual water contents, crystal transit times) of clasts produced by key eruptions. Superficial explosion of a growing lava dome may be promoted through porosity reduction caused by both vesicle flattening due to gas escape and syn-eruptive cristobalite precipitation. Both processes generate an impermeable and rigid carapace allowing overpressurisation of the inner parts of the lava dome by the rapid input of vesiculated magma batches. The relative thickness of the cristobalite-rich carapace is an inverse function of the external lava dome surface area. Explosive activity is thus more likely to occur at the onset of lava dome extrusion, in agreement with observations, as the likelihood of superficial lava dome explosions depends inversely on lava dome volume. This new result is of interest for the whole volcanological community and for risk management.

Financial and tax risks at implementation of &apos;&apos;Chayanda- Lensk&apos;&apos; section of &apos;&apos;Sila Sibiri&apos;&apos; gas transportation system construction project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharf, I V; Chukhareva, N V; Kuznetsova, L P

2014-01-01

High social and economic importance of large-scale projects on gasification of East Siberian regions of Russia and diversifying gas exports poses the problem of complex risk analysis of the project. This article discusses the various types of risks that could significantly affect the timing of the implementation and effectiveness of the project for the construction of the first line of &apos;&apos;Sila Sibiri&apos;&apos;, the &apos;'Chayanda-Lensk'&apos; section. Special attention is paid to financial and tax aspects of the project. Graphically presented analysis of the dynamics of financial indicators reflect certain periods of effectiveness in implementing the project. Authors also discuss the possible causes and consequences of risks

Superficie Específica y Estado Vital de la Materia

OpenAIRE

J. Hernando Ordoñez

1992-01-01

Se propone reemplazar el término de materia viva por el de estado vital de la materia por considerarlo adecuado, pues la materia es la misma, lo que cambia es su estado. Se estudia la relación entre la superficie específica y el estado vital de la materia. Constante del estado vital y el valor crítico de la superficie específica. Qué es la fuerza de inducción vital? Diferenciación funcional de las células. Cómo regula la unidad biológica su superficie específica? La materia que piens...

Radiobiological study of the radioprotective activity of a natural Iranian compound, &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;; Etude radiobiologique de l&apos;activite radioprotectrice d&apos;un compose naturel Iranien: le &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rouhanizadeh, N. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, 92 - Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-01-01

After reviewing the primary mechanisms of the action of ionizing radiation, the possible mechanisms of the action of radioprotective substances, the various chemical structures having a protective effect and the methods for studying chemical radioprotection, the author presents the results he has obtained with natural Iranian product: &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;. Tests with this product at lethal and sublethal doses have been carried out on the rat using various means of introduction. The effect of radiation, both with and without protection, has been studied using histological and biochemical methods. The product examined has, in effect, a protective action; it is, furthermore, non-toxic and active when taken orally. (author) [French] Apres avoir rappele les mecanismes primaires de l&apos;action des rayonnements ionisants, les mecanismes possibles de l&apos;action des substances radioprotectrices, les diverses structures chimiques possedant un effet protecteur et les methodes d&apos;etude de la radioprotection chimique, l&apos;auteur presente les resultats qu&apos;il a obtenus en utilisant un compose naturel iranien: le &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;. Des essais de ce produit, chez le rat, par diverses voies d&apos;introduction, a dose letale et subletale ont ete effectues. L&apos;effet des radiations, avec et sans protection, a ete etudie a l&apos;aide de methodes histologiques et biochimiques. Le compose essaye possede un pouvoir protecteur; il est, de plus, non toxique et actif par voie orale. (auteur)

Water source heat pumps at the &apos;'Oceanopolis'&apos; park of Brest; Des PAC sur boucle d&apos;eau au parc &apos;'Oceanopolis'&apos; de Brest

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2000-01-01

The creation of the new &apos;polar&apos; and &apos;tropical&apos; lodges of the &apos;Oceanopolis&apos; park (aquarium and greenhouses) of Brest (Brittany, France) has led to chose the solution of water source heat pumps for the energy production. More than 30 thermodynamic machineries are used to supply both heat and coldness to the installations. This paper describes the technical characteristics of the heating/refrigerating installations, their energy performances and the estimated cost-benefit aspects. (J.S.)

SUPERFICIAL CERVICAL PLEXUS BLOCK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Komang Mega Puspadisari

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Superficial cervical plexus block is one of the regional anesthesia in  neck were limited to thesuperficial fascia. Anesthesia is used to relieve pain caused either during or after the surgery iscompleted. This technique can be done by landmark or with ultrasound guiding. The midpointof posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoid was identified and the prosedure done on thatplace or on the level of cartilage cricoid.

Investigation of vertebral &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, S.W. [Dept. of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ., Hung Hom (Hong Kong); Mathie, A.G.; Jackson, J.E. [Diagnostic Radiology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London (United Kingdom); Hughes, S.P.F. [Div. of Surgery, Anaesthetics and Intensive Care, London (United Kingdom)

2001-08-01

To evaluate the association between vertebral &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos; and neck pain. A retrospective study was carried out of lateral cervical spine radiographs with a Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS). Two hundred patients&apos; files were randomly assessed, comprising four equal groups, A to D. The mean ages of the patients were 62{+-}7.4 years, 61{+-}7.5 years, 40{+-}5.6 years and 23{+-}5.6 years respectively. In group A, all patients had symptoms of neck pain and a radiographic diagnosis of &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos; of the cervical spine. In groups B to D, asymptomatic patients were recruited and their age groups were 50-69, 30-49 and 10-29 years respectively. Using the PACS, the radiographic density and the sagittal diameter, thickness and area of the end plates at the C5 level were measured. Results and conclusions: No significant differences were found in the radiographic density of the end plates either between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups (groups A and B), or between different age groups (groups B, C and D). A significant increase in end plate area and thickness was found, however, in both group B (P<0.005) and group C (P<0.01) in comparison with group D. This indicates that the extent of end plate sclerosis increases with age. Our results suggest that the radiographic density of cervical vertebral end plates correlates neither with neck pain nor with increasing age. The radiological sign of &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos; may be over-reported, further limiting its value in the assessment of patients with cervical spondylosis. (orig.)

Comparison of PCDD/Fs levels and profiles in leachates from &apos;'new'&apos; and &apos;'old'&apos; municipal landfills

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dudzinska, M.; Czerwinski, J.; Rut, B. [Lublin Univ. of Technology (Poland)

2004-09-15

Although the presence of PCDD/Fs in landfill leachates has been confirmed, not many experiments have been undertaken in this area, probably because of a very low solubility of PCDD/Fs in water. Modern, properly designed landfills should secure (seal) all deposited wastes and possible leakings within the damp. Leachates are collected and treated on the site or transported to a wastewater treatment plant, so they should not cause a release of any pollutants into the soil or groundwater. But PCDD/Fs as well as a number of chlorinated compounds, which may act as precursors of dioxins under aerobic or anaerobic conditions have been identified as trace contaminants in municipal wastes. The formation of dioxins during municipal waste deposition has not been studied, contrary to the formation of OCDD from precursors under aerobic conditions during composting of waste or treatment of sewage sludge5. Some information about the possible dioxin formation during landfilling might be obtained from the comparison of PCDD/F levels in the leachates from &apos;&apos;old - closed&apos;&apos; and &apos;'new'&apos; sites.

Case story for upgrading of a &apos;'hot'&apos; ESP; Modernisation d&apos;un precipitateur electrostatique &apos;'chaud'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chidambaram, T.V.S; Christensen

2001-06-01

The &apos;Hot&apos; Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) equipped with COROMAX pulse system is a very attractive solution for dedusting of the &apos;Hot&apos; exhausted gases from the cement kilns especially on cement plants, where good quality of water is not available on the site. Furthermore, the Electrostatic Precipitator is still the preferred solution in the cement plants for dedusting the cement kiln. It is favored because of its high degree of reliability, its low power consumption, and its low maintenance cost. (author)

Post-Copenhagen: the &apos;new&apos; math, legal &apos;additionality&apos; and climate warming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferrey, Steven

2010-05-15

Control of carbon emissions to the atmosphere is the environmental issue of this decade - perhaps of this entire generation. Its importance has been equated to the survival of the planet. It may all come down to the novel legal concept that sounds like second-grade math: &apos;'additionality.'&apos; However, it is the &apos;'new'&apos; math. (author)

Preparation of data relevant to &apos;&apos;Equivalent Uniform Burnup&apos;&apos; and Equivalent Initial Enrichment&apos;&apos; for burnup credit evaluation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nomura, Yasushi; Okuno, Hiroshi [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment; Murazaki, Minoru [Tokyo Nuclear Service Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

2001-11-01

Based on the PWR spent fuel composition data measured at JAERI, two kinds of simplified methods such as &apos;&apos;Equivalent Uniform Burnup&apos;&apos; and &apos;&apos;Equivalent Initial Enrichment&apos;&apos; have been introduced. And relevant evaluation curves have been prepared for criticality safety evaluation of spent fuel storage pool and transport casks, taking burnup of spent fuel into consideration. These simplified methods can be used to obtain an effective neutron multiplication factor for a spent fuel storage/transportation system by using the ORIGEN2.1 burnup code and the KENO-Va criticality code without considering axial burnup profile in spent fuel and other various factors introducing calculated errors. &apos;&apos;Equivalent Uniform Burnup&apos;&apos; is set up for its criticality analysis to be reactivity equivalent with the detailed analysis, in which the experimentally obtained isotopic composition together with a typical axial burnup profile and various factors such as irradiation history are considered on the conservative side. On the other hand, Equivalent Initial Enrichment&apos;&apos; is set up for its criticality analysis to be reactivity equivalent with the detailed analysis such as above when it is used in the so called fresh fuel assumption. (author)

A highly luminescent dinuclear Eu(III) complex based on 4,4&apos;-bis (4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;-trifluoro-1&apos;&apos;,3&apos;&apos;-dioxobutyl)-o-terphenyl for light-emitting diodes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu Shenggui [State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China); School of Chemistry Science and Technology, Zhanjiang Normal University, New Materials Engineering and Technology Development Center of University in Guangdong, Zhanjiang 524048 (China); He Pei; Wang Huihui; Shi Jianxin [State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China); Gong Menglian, E-mail: cesgml@mail.sysu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China)

2009-08-15

A dinuclear Eu(III) complex Eu{sub 2}(btbt){sub 3}.4H{sub 2}O.CH{sub 3}CH{sub 2}OH.N(CH{sub 2}CH{sub 3}){sub 3} was synthesized, where H{sub 2}(btbt) was 4,4&apos;-bis (4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;,-trifluoro-1&apos;&apos;,3&apos;&apos;-dioxobutyl)-o-terphenyl. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and FAB-MS spectroscopy. The complex emits the characteristic red luminescence of Eu{sup 3+} ion due to the {sup 5}D{sub 0} {yields} {sup 7}F{sub J} (J = 0-4) transitions under {approx}395 nm-light excitation with good luminescent quantum efficiency (32%) and exhibits high thermal stability (337 deg. C). Bright red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated by coating the complex onto a {approx}395 nm-emitting InGaN chip. When the mass ratio of the red phosphor to the silicone is 1:30, the efficiency of the fabricated LEDs with the europium complex is 0.98 lm w{sup -1}. The CIE chromaticity coordinates of the LEDs are x = 0.6057 and y = 0.3137, which are close to the National Television Standard Committee (NTSC) standard values for red color. The results indicate that the complex may act as a red component in the fabrication of near UV InGaN-based white light-emitting diodes with high color-rendering index.

A new soybean variety &apos;'Ichihime'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hajika, M.; Takahashi, M.; Igita, K.; Sakai, S.; Nakazawa, Y.

2002-01-01

Ichihime, a new soybean variety registered as &apos;&apos;Soybean Norin 103&apos;&apos;, was developed at Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station in 1995. It was selected from the progeny induced by a cross between Kankei 2 and Kankei 1 using gamma-ray irradiation. &apos;'Ichihime'&apos; is a medium-early maturing variety with determinate growth. It has broad leaflets, and purple flowers. The color of its pubescence is light tawny and its pods are dark brown. The main stem length, number of main stem nodes, and seed size are medium. It has strong resistance to the soybean mosaic virus (SMV), medium resistance to the soybean cyst nematode, and medium resistance to purple seed stain. The yield of Ichihime is slightly lower than Suzuyutaka, but classified as medium. The protein components of its seeds are medium and the firmness of the tofu (soybean curd) is the same as that of Suzuyutaka. Ichihime lacks all seed lipoxygenase isozymes and is recommended for new type of soybean food processing materials. Ichihime is suitable for growth in the southern part of the Tohoku area and the northern part of the Kanto area

Hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; on MR imaging represents a distinct entity in epilepsy patients

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hattingen, Elke; Enkirch, Simon Jonas; Jurcoane, Alina; Kruse, Maximilian [University Clinics Bonn, Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Bonn (Germany); Delev, Daniel [University Clinics Bonn, Department of Neurosurgery, Bonn (Germany); University Clinics Freiburg, Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg (Germany); Grote, Alexander [University Clinics Bonn, Department of Neurosurgery, Bonn (Germany); Evangelic Hospital of Bethel, Department of Neurosurgery, Bielefeld (Germany); Becker, Albert [University Clinics Bonn, Institute of Neuropathology, Bonn (Germany)

2018-02-15

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) due to hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; have different MRI features than those with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Most TLE patients have HS corresponding to severe neuronal loss and gliosis, but a few have &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; without significant reduction of neuronal density. We analyzed the morphology of cerebral 3 T MRIs (T1, T2, and FLAIR) of 103 patients with HS and 20 with &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; concerning hippocampal and amygdala aspect, volumes, and signal intensity (SI) using Fisher&apos;s exact test, Student&apos;s t test, and principal component analysis. Visually, the ipsilateral hippocampus was hyperintense in both groups, but SI was markedly increased in 74% of HS and in 25% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the ipsilateral hippocampus was smaller in 92% of HS and in 50% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients, and its internal architecture was lost in 57% of HS and 5% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the contralateral hippocampal SI was altered in 25% of HS and in 70% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.001). Ipsilateral hippocampus of HS patients had lower volume (mean ± SD 2.86 ± 0.87 ml) compared with that of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (3.4 ± 1.02 ml) and had higher SI than the contralateral hippocampus of HS patients and then the hippocampus of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.01). &apos;&apos;Gliosis only&apos;&apos; has different MRI hippocampal characteristics than HS: less volume loss, less increase of the T2-w signal intensity, preservation of internal architecture, and more contralateral affection. (orig.)

Hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; on MR imaging represents a distinct entity in epilepsy patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hattingen, Elke; Enkirch, Simon Jonas; Jurcoane, Alina; Kruse, Maximilian; Delev, Daniel; Grote, Alexander; Becker, Albert

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) due to hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; have different MRI features than those with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Most TLE patients have HS corresponding to severe neuronal loss and gliosis, but a few have &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; without significant reduction of neuronal density. We analyzed the morphology of cerebral 3 T MRIs (T1, T2, and FLAIR) of 103 patients with HS and 20 with &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; concerning hippocampal and amygdala aspect, volumes, and signal intensity (SI) using Fisher&apos;s exact test, Student&apos;s t test, and principal component analysis. Visually, the ipsilateral hippocampus was hyperintense in both groups, but SI was markedly increased in 74% of HS and in 25% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the ipsilateral hippocampus was smaller in 92% of HS and in 50% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients, and its internal architecture was lost in 57% of HS and 5% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the contralateral hippocampal SI was altered in 25% of HS and in 70% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.001). Ipsilateral hippocampus of HS patients had lower volume (mean ± SD 2.86 ± 0.87 ml) compared with that of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (3.4 ± 1.02 ml) and had higher SI than the contralateral hippocampus of HS patients and then the hippocampus of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.01). &apos;&apos;Gliosis only&apos;&apos; has different MRI hippocampal characteristics than HS: less volume loss, less increase of the T2-w signal intensity, preservation of internal architecture, and more contralateral affection. (orig.)

&apos;&apos;Social capitalism&apos;&apos; in renewable energy generation: China and California comparisons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clark, Woodrow W. II.; Li, Xing [Clark Strategic Partners, PO Box 17975, Beverly Hills, CA 90210 (United States)

2010-03-15

With a population of over 1.3 billion people, demand for renewable energy is expected to grow to a USD $12 billion market in the near term. Under Renewable Energy Law (REL) in February 2005 in the People&apos;s Republic of China (PRC) passed by the National Congress, renewable energy projects will be able to receive a range of financial incentives starting in 2006, which will more than double the PRC current renewable energy generation from 7% to 15% by 2020. Most of the increase will be in hydroelectric generated power. Nonetheless, the nation and especially the provinces are moving rapidly to develop a wide range of renewable energy generation including solar, wind, geothermal and run of the river. Because China practices &apos;&apos;social capitalism&apos;&apos; as expressed in it&apos;s recurrent Five Year National Plans since 1999, the national government and all the provinces have programs, unlike many western and industrialized nations, to &apos;'plan'&apos; and provide for infrastructures. This paper concerns only the energy infrastructure sector and renewable energy generation in particular. The planning process includes financial incentives and investments which are a major part of the Chinese law focused on &apos;&apos;encouraging foreign investment industries&apos;&apos;. The key part of the law is to guarantee long-term power purchase agreements with state owned and controlled &apos;'utilities'&apos;. In short, China may have gotten the economics of the energy sector correct in its concern for planning and finance. The paper develops these energy infrastructure ideas along with the legal and financial requirements as &apos;'lessons'&apos; learned from the USA and especially California. These lessons now apply to China and allow it to learn from the American mistakes. Empirical data will be drawn from work done in China that examine the renewable energy generation and infrastructures and hence allow the RPC and its

&apos;&apos;Die Dependance&apos;&apos; - Logistic center of the fair at Francfort; &apos;&apos;Die Dependance&apos;&apos; - Das Logistikzentrum der Messe Frankfurt

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klein, W.; Fleischer, J. [Brendel Ingenieure, Frankfurt/Main (Germany); Hummel, D. [FH Zwickau (Germany)

2006-07-01

In early November 2004, the logistic center &apos;&apos;Die Dependance&apos;&apos; was commissioned after a construction time of 21 months. It is the second building (after Hall 3) designed by London&apos;s star architect Nicholas Grimshow for the Frankfurt Fair. The new building will house the fairground managers and the Accente Gastronomie Service GmbH. Accente is a modern caterer for the fairground halls, Its kitchen in the new building is big enough for preparing up to 10,000 meals every day. (orig.)

Switzerland as Europe&apos;s &apos;'battery'&apos;. Wishful dream or reality?; Die Schweiz als &apos;&apos;Batterie Europas&apos;&apos;. Utopie oder Realitaet?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kammer, Adrian; Zurmuehle, Damian; Salzmann, Michael; Baumgartner, Raphael; Mignone, Domenico [Bernische Kraftwerke (BKW), Bern (Switzerland). Energiewirtschaftliche Planung und Prognose

2015-04-15

There are plans for Swiss pumped hydrostorage systems to absorb large quantities of excess electricity from European wind and solar power generation. Model-based analyses have shown however that &apos;'Europe&apos;s battery&apos;&apos;, as Switzerland would like to see itself, will not be needed until the middle of this century. Even if all extension projects currently in progress should be completed, Switzerland will not have sufficient pump capacity or import capacity to absorb large amounts of excess electricity. Furthermore, the primary means of making storage capacity available for import electricity would be to reduce reservoir power plant capacity. In view of all this Switzerland&apos;s hopes for a role as a major European electricity storage provider appear somewhat exaggerated even in the long-term perspective.

DETERMINATION OF SUPERFICIAL ABSORBED DOSE FROM EXTERNAL EXPOSURE OF WEAKLY PENETRATING RADIATIONS

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

陈丽姝

1994-01-01

The methods of determining the superficial absorbed dose distributions in a water phantom by means of the experiments and available theories have been reported.The distributions of beta dose were measured by an extrapolation ionization chamber at definite depthes corresponding to some superficial organs and tissues such as the radiosensitive layer of the skin,cornea,sclera,anterior chamber and lens of eyeball.The ratios among superficial absorbed dose D(0.07) and average absorbed doses at the depthes 1,2,3,4,5 and 6mm are also obtained with Cross's methods.They can be used for confining the deterministic effects of some superficial tissues and organs such as the skin and the components of eyeball for weakly penetrating radiations.

Superficial Priming in Episodic Recognition

Science.gov (United States)

Dopkins, Stephen; Sargent, Jesse; Ngo, Catherine T.

2010-01-01

We explored the effect of superficial priming in episodic recognition and found it to be different from the effect of semantic priming in episodic recognition. Participants made recognition judgments to pairs of items, with each pair consisting of a prime item and a test item. Correct positive responses to the test item were impeded if the prime…

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma mimicking a superficial spreading melanoma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Hasbún Acuña

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen El carcinoma basocelular es el cáncer de piel más frecuente, especialmente en personas de edad avanzada. El carcinoma basocelular pigmentado es una variante poco común que se ha descrito en la literatura como una lesión nodular hiperpigmentada. En raras ocasiones puede presentarse en forma de una extensa placa pigmentada, la cual puede ser clínicamente indistinguible del melanoma maligno de extensión superficial y de la enfermedad de Bowen. La dermatoscopía tiene una alta sensibilidad en el diagnóstico del carcinoma basocelular, cuando se utilizan los criterios de Menzies, aunque el diagnóstico final es histopatológico. El objetivo del presente trabajo es reportar y analizar el caso de una paciente con un extenso carcinoma basocelular superficial pigmentado, que simula un melanoma maligno de extensión superficial.

Pumped storage project &apos;&apos;Energiespeicher Riedl&apos;&apos;; Das Projekt Energiespeicher Riedl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mayr, Dominik [Verbund Hydro Power AG, Vienna (Austria); Schmauss, Juergen [Regierung von Niederbayern, Landshut (Germany); Neuwerth, Sabine [Grenzkraftwerke GmbH, Simbach am Inn (Germany)

2012-07-01

The &apos;&apos;Donaukraftwerk Jochenstein AG&apos;&apos; (DKJ) plans at the river power plant Jochenstein on the Danube in the district of Passau, Bavaria, South-east Germany, the construction of a modern pumped-storage hydropower plant with a capacity of 300 megawatts, the pumped storage &apos;&apos;Energiespeicher Riedl&apos;&apos;. The planned plant is a regionally significant project by the Regional Planning act. Therefore, the DKJ as applicant submitted the documents for the regional planning proceedings to the Government of Lower Bavaria, which completed the process with the positive regional planning assessment under provisos on 01.08.2011, which led to an optimization of the project layout. (orig.)

&apos;&apos;Measuring the Costs of Climate Change Policies&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Montgomery, W. D.; Smith, A. E.; Biggar, S. L.; Bernstein, P.M.

2003-05-09

Studies of the costs of climate change policies have utilized a variety of measures or metrics for summarizing costs. The leading economic models have utilized GNP, GDP, the &apos;&apos;area under a marginal cost curve,&apos;&apos; the discounted present value of consumption, and a welfare measure taken directly from the utility function of the model&apos;s representative agent (the &apos;&apos;Equivalent Variation&apos;&apos;). Even when calculated using a single model, these metrics do not necessarily give similar magnitudes of costs or even rank policies consistently. This paper discusses in non-technical terms the economic concepts lying behind each concept, the theoretical basis for expecting each measure to provide a consistent ranking of policies, and the reasons why different measures provide different rankings. It identifies a method of calculating the &apos;&apos;Equivalent Variation&apos;&apos; as theoretically superior to the other cost metrics in ranking policies. When regulators put forward new economic or regulatory policies, there is a need to compare the costs and benefits of these new policies to existing policies and other alternatives to determine which policy is most cost-effective. For command and control policies, it is quite difficult to compute costs, but for more market-based policies, economists have had a great deal of success employing general equilibrium models to assess a policy&apos;s costs. Not all cost measures, however, arrive at the same ranking. Furthermore, cost measures can produce contradictory results for a specific policy. These problems make it difficult for a policy-maker to determine the best policy. For a cost measures to be of value, one would like to be confident of two things. First one wants to be sure whether the policy is a winner or loser. Second, one wants to be confident that a measure produces the correct policy ranking. That is, one wants to have confidence in a policy measure&apos;s ability to correctly rank

ApoE polymorphisms in narcolepsy

Science.gov (United States)

Gencik, Martin; Dahmen, Norbert; Wieczorek, Stefan; Kasten, Meike; Gencikova, Alexandra; Epplen, Jorg T

2001-01-01

Background Narcolepsy is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by increased daytime sleepiness, cataplexy and hypnagogic hallucinations. Deficiency of the hypocretin neurotransmitter system was shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy in animals and men. There are several hints that neurodegeneration of hypocretin producing neurons in the hypothalamus is the pathological correlate of narcolepsy. The ApoE4 allele is a major contributing factor to early-onset neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative diseases as well. Methods To clarify whether the ApoE4 phenotype predisposes to narcolepsy or associates with an earlier disease onset, we have genotyped the ApoE gene in 103 patients with narcolepsy and 101 healthy controls. Results The frequency of the E4 allele of the ApoE gene was 11% in the patient and 15% in the control groups. Furthermore, the mean age of onset did not differ between the ApoE4+ and ApoE4- patient groups. Conclusion Our results exclude the ApoE4 allele as a major risk factor for narcolepsy. PMID:11560764

ApoE polymorphisms in narcolepsy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kasten Meike

2001-08-01

Full Text Available Summary Background Narcolepsy is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by increased daytime sleepiness, cataplexy and hypnagogic hallucinations. Deficiency of the hypocretin neurotransmitter system was shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy in animals and men. There are several hints that neurodegeneration of hypocretin producing neurons in the hypothalamus is the pathological correlate of narcolepsy. The ApoE4 allele is a major contributing factor to early-onset neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative diseases as well. Methods To clarify whether the ApoE4 phenotype predisposes to narcolepsy or associates with an earlier disease onset, we have genotyped the ApoE gene in 103 patients with narcolepsy and 101 healthy controls. Results The frequency of the E4 allele of the ApoE gene was 11% in the patient and 15% in the control groups. Furthermore, the mean age of onset did not differ between the ApoE4+ and ApoE4- patient groups. Conclusion Our results exclude the ApoE4 allele as a major risk factor for narcolepsy.

Pigments analysis on skin tomato fruits during ripening by mean fluorescence techniques; Analisi mediante utilizzo di tecniche di fluorescenza dei pigmenti presenti sulla superficie di bacche di pomodoro durante la maturazione

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lai, A.; Fantoni, R. [ENEA, Divisione Fisica Applicata, Centro Ricerche Frascati, Rome (Italy)

2000-07-01

Different spectroscopic techniques, based on visible fluorescence emission upon excitation in the same spectral region or in the ultraviolet, have been utilized to characterize tomato fruit ripening stages in order to analyze surface pigments which correspond to optimal conditions for fruit harvesting. The main fluorescence spectral features belonging to antochyanin, flavonoids, carotenoids and chlorophyll a after excitation of skin tomato pigments at different laser wavelength have been identified. For tomato ripening stage LIF detection, the {lambda}{sub e}xc266nm was established as the optimal laser wavelength. [Italian] Mediante diverse tecniche spettroscopiche, basate sulla emissione di fluorescenza visibile a seguito di eccitazione nella stessa regione o nell&apos;ultravioletto, e&apos; stato condotto uno studio su bacche di pomodoro a diversi stadi di maturazione Lo scopo del lavoro e&apos; quello di potere attribuire, attraverso l&apos;analisi degli spettri di fluorescenza dei pigmenti superficiali presenti nel frutto, lo stadio ottimale di maturazione al momento della raccolta. I risultati ottenuti hanno permesso di distinguere spettri di fluorescenza attribuiti ai principali gruppi di pigmenti fluorescenti presenti nella superficie esterna del pomodoro: antociani, flavonoidi, carotenoidi e clorofilla a.

Report of working committee 4 &apos;&apos;transmission of gases&apos;&apos;; Rapport de la commission 4 &apos;&apos;transport des gaz&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volskij, E.

2000-07-01

Report of the WOC 4 Transmission contains the results of works carried out during 1998-2000 by the Committee members and the three study groups. The most important is: - review of actual situation and prospects for the gas pipeline transmission system development; - report of SG-4.1 &apos;Pipeline Ageing and Rehabilitation&apos;, including analysis of pipeline steels, welding and insulation, methods of rehabilitation, the program of pipeline reconstruction; - report of SG-4.2 &apos;Emission monitoring&apos; including appraisal of gas losses and methods of lowering of methane and other emissions of the gas units in different countries; - report of SG-4.3 &apos;Pipelines Integrity Management and Safety&apos; including basic information on gas pipeline failure intensity, key elements of the Integrity Management System of the gas transmission, methods of risk evaluation and the effectiveness of the approach. (authors)

Superficial x-ray in-vivo dosimetry with MOSFET detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheung, T.; Yu, P.K.N.; Butson, M.J.; Cancer Services, Wollongong, NSW

2004-01-01

Full text: This note investigates in-vivo dosimetry using a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) for radiotherapy treatment at superficial and orthovoltage x-ray energies. This was performed within one fraction of the patient's treatment. Standard measurements along with energy response of the detector are given. Results showed that the MOSFET measurements in-vivo agreed with calculated results on average within ± 5.6% over all superficial and orthovoltage energies. These variations were slightly larger than TLD results with variations between measured and calculated results being ± 5.0% for the same patient measurements. The MOSFET device provides adequate in-vivo dosimetry for superficial and orthovoltage energy treatments with the accuracy of the measurements seeming to be relatively on par with TLD in our case. The MOSFET does have the advantage of returning a relatively immediate dosimetric result after irradiation. Copyright (2004) Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine

2001-2003 &apos;&apos;public utility&apos;&apos; contract between the French government and Gaz de France; Contrat de &apos;&apos;service public&apos;&apos; 2001-2003 entre l&apos;etat et Gaz de France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-07-01

The &apos;&apos;public utility&apos;&apos; contract aims at specifying the actions of Gaz de France (GdF), the French gas utility, in terms of national development and public utility presence at the local scale. It extends and completes the &apos;contract of group&apos; established between the government and GdF in the domain of quality of the services offered to clients, development of gas infrastructures and extension of gas supplies, and sustainable development. (J.S.)

Switzerland as Europe&apos;s &apos;'battery'&apos;. Wishful dream or reality?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kammer, Adrian; Zurmuehle, Damian; Salzmann, Michael; Baumgartner, Raphael; Mignone, Domenico

2015-01-01

There are plans for Swiss pumped hydrostorage systems to absorb large quantities of excess electricity from European wind and solar power generation. Model-based analyses have shown however that &apos;'Europe&apos;s battery&apos;&apos;, as Switzerland would like to see itself, will not be needed until the middle of this century. Even if all extension projects currently in progress should be completed, Switzerland will not have sufficient pump capacity or import capacity to absorb large amounts of excess electricity. Furthermore, the primary means of making storage capacity available for import electricity would be to reduce reservoir power plant capacity. In view of all this Switzerland&apos;s hopes for a role as a major European electricity storage provider appear somewhat exaggerated even in the long-term perspective.

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Science.gov (United States)

Khadka, Sundar; Sherchand, Jeevan Bahadur; Pokharel, Dinesh Binod; Pokhrel, Bharat Mani; Mishra, Shyam Kumar; Dhital, Subhash; Rijal, Basista

2016-01-01

Background . Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Methods . This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks. Results. Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25%) was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5%) and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes 44 (39.6%) was the most common isolate. Conclusions. The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sundar Khadka

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks. Results. Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25% was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5% and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%. Trichophyton mentagrophytes 44 (39.6% was the most common isolate. Conclusions. The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.

Critical load of acid precipitations. Mapping of Italian regions; Mappa dei carichi critici di acidita&apos; totale riferita al territorio italiano

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonanni, P.; Brini, S.; Delmonaco, G.; Liburdi, R.; Trocciola, A.; Vetrella, G. [ENEA Centro Ricerche Casaccia, S. Maria di Galeria, RM (Italy). Dipt. Ambiente

1999-07-01

In this report the mapping of critical loads of acidity for the Italian terrestrial ecosystems is presented. The level O method (Stockholm Environment Institute) has been used to determine sensitivity to acid deposition; this semi-quantitative method has been modified to address some Italian characteristics. The results show that the sensitivity of the Italian soils to acidification is not particularly elevated: there are really only few small areas with poor tolerance to acid depositions. These areas are in the north-east of Italy, in Alpine and Prealpine region. [Italian] Nel rapporto vengono riportati i risultati della mappatura, riferita agli ecosistemi terrestri del territorio italiano, dei carichi critici per l&apos;acidita&apos; totale. Il calcolo dei carichi critici e&apos; stato eseguito sulla base della metodologia messa a punto dallo Stokholm Environment Institute; a questo metodo semi-quantitativo sono state apportate alcune modifiche per meglio adattarlo alle caratteristiche del territorio italiano. Dall&apos;analisi dei risultati ottenuti, si evince come la sensibilita&apos; dei suoli italiani all&apos;acidificazione non sia particolarmente elevata: sono state riscontrate infatti solo alcune aree, peraltro con superficie limitata, con una scarsa tolleranza alle deposizioni acide. Tali aree sono localizzate nell&apos;Italia nord-orientale, in zona alpina e prealpina.

Trauma ocupacional por corpo estranho corneano superficial Occupational trauma due to superficial corneal foreign body

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanessa Miroski Gerente

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a epidemiologia do trauma ocular por corpo estranho superficial de córnea. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes atendidos no Pronto-Socorro da Universidade Federal de São Paulo entre abril e junho de 2005 que apresentaram corpo estranho superficial de córnea foram entrevistados. Foram avaliados: sexo, idade, profissão, registro legal do emprego, uso, disponibilidade e tipo de equipamentos de proteção utilizados e a fiscalização do seu uso. O conhecimento das complicações deste tipo de acidente também foi avaliado. Os resultados foram analisados com teste do qui quadrado ou teste de Fisher. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 123 pacientes. Apenas 3 eram do sexo feminino e a idade média foi de 36 anos. A maioria destes traumas ocorreu no ambiente de trabalho (86,2% e 58,4% não possuíam registro legal do emprego. As profissões mais freqüentemente envolvidas foram serralheiro, pedreiro e metalúrgico. Em 79,8% dos locais de trabalho havia equipamentos de proteção e 85,3% dos pacientes eram orientados a usá-los. Em 52,4% dos locais sua utilização era fiscalizada, mas apenas 34,2% usavam no momento do trauma. A utilização foi mais freqüente (p=0,008 e fiscalização mais presente (p=0,0415 entre pacientes com registro legal de emprego. Questionados sobre os riscos, 68,9% dos pacientes tinham consciência das complicações graves deste tipo de acidente. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria dos pacientes tem conhecimento sobre a gravidade do trauma ocular e este tipo de lesão ocorre mesmo em locais com equipamentos de proteção disponíveis, alguns deles até durante o seu uso. Os dados sugerem que enfoque maior da prevenção deve ser na fiscalização e utilização de equipamentos adequados.PURPOSE: To evaluate the epidemiology of superficial corneal foreign body. METHODS: Patients who were seen at the Emergency Service of the Federal University of São Paulo, from April/05 to June/05, were screened and those with superficial corneal

Ultrasound of musculoskeletal soft-tissue tumors superficial to the investing fascia.

Science.gov (United States)

Hung, Esther Hiu Yee; Griffith, James Francis; Ng, Alex Wing Hung; Lee, Ryan Ka Lok; Lau, Domily Ting Yi; Leung, Jason Chi Shun

2014-06-01

The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in assessing musculoskeletal soft-tissue tumors superficial to the investing fascia. Seven hundred fourteen superficial soft-tissue tumors evaluated with ultrasound by two musculoskeletal radiologists were retrospectively reviewed. In all ultrasound reports, the reporting radiologists provided one, two, or three diagnoses depending on their perceived level of diagnostic certainty. Two hundred forty-seven tumors had subsequent histologic correlation, thus allowing the accuracy of the ultrasound diagnosis to be determined. Images of the lesions with a discordant ultrasound diagnosis and histologic diagnosis were reviewed, and the ultrasound features were further classified as concordant with the known histologic diagnosis, concordant with the known histologic diagnosis with atypical features present, or discordant with the known histologic diagnosis. Four hundred sixty-seven tumors without pathologic confirmation were followed up clinically. Overall the accuracy of ultrasound examination for assessing superficial soft-tissue masses was 79.0% when all differential diagnoses were considered and 77.0% when only the first differential diagnosis was considered. The sensitivity and specificity of the first ultrasound diagnosis were 95.2% and 94.3%, respectively, for lipoma; 73.0% and 97.7% for vascular malformation; 80.0% and 95.4% for epidermoid cyst; and 68.8% and 95.2% for nerve sheath tumor. Reduced observer awareness of specific tumor entities tended to contribute to underdiagnosis more than poor specificity of ultrasound findings. Most tumors (236/247, 96%) were benign. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for identifying malignant superficial soft-tissue tumors was 94.1% and 99.7%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in the assessment of superficial musculoskeletal soft-tissue tumors is high and can be improved through increased radiologist awareness of less

Study of the mechanisms involved in the laser superficial hardening process of metallic alloys; Estudo dos mecanismos envolvidos no processo de endurecimento superficial a laser de ligas metalicas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Edmara Marques Rodrigues da

2001-07-01

The laser superficial hardening process of a ferrous alloy (gray cast iron) and of an aluminum-silicon alloy was investigated in this work. These metallic alloys are used in the automobile industry for manufacturing cylinders and pistons, respectively. By application of individual pulses and single tracks, the involved mechanisms during the processing were studied. Variables such as energy density, power density, temporal width, beam diameter on the sample surface, atmosphere of the processing region, overlapping and scanning velocity. The hardened surface was characterized by optical and scanning electronic microscopy, dispersive energy microanalysis, X-ray mapping, X-ray diffraction, and measurements of roughness and Vickers microhardness. Depending on the processing parameters, it is possible to obtain different microstructures. The affected area of gray cast iron, can be hardened by remelting or transformation hardening (total or partial) if the reached temperature is higher or not that of melting temperature. Laser treatment originated new structures such as retained austenite, martensite and, occasionally, eutectic of cellular dendritic structure. Aluminum-silicon alloy does not have phase transformation in solid state, it can be hardened only by remelting. The increase of hardness is a function of the precipitation hardening process, which makes the silicon particles smaller and more disperse in the matrix. Maximal values of microhardness (700-1000 HV) were reached with the laser treatment in gray cast iron samples. The initial microhardness is of 242 HV. For aluminum-silicon alloy, the laser remelting increases the initial microhardness of 128 HV to the range of 160-320 HV. The found results give a new perspective for using the CLA/IPEN&apos;s laser in the heat treatment area. Besides providing a higher absorptivity to the materials, compared with the CO{sub 2} laser, and optical fiber access, the superficial hardening with Nd:YAG laser, depending on the

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) Treatment Planning for Superficial Tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zacarias, Albert S.; Brown, Mellonie F.; Mills, Michael D.

2010-01-01

The physician's planning objective is often a uniform dose distribution throughout the planning target volume (PTV), including superficial PTVs on or near the surface of a patient's body. Varian's Eclipse treatment planning system uses a progressive resolution optimizer (PRO), version 8.2.23, for RapidArc dynamic multileaf collimator volumetric modulated arc therapy planning. Because the PRO is a fast optimizer, optimization convergence errors (OCEs) produce dose nonuniformity in the superficial area of the PTV. We present a postsurgical cranial case demonstrating the recursive method our clinic uses to produce RapidArc treatment plans. The initial RapidArc treatment plan generated using one 360 o arc resulted in substantial dose nonuniformity in the superficial section of the PTV. We demonstrate the use of multiple arcs to produce improved dose uniformity in this region. We also compare the results of this superficial dose compensation method to the results of a recursive method of dose correction that we developed in-house to correct optimization convergence errors in static intensity-modulated radiation therapy treatment plans. The results show that up to 4 arcs may be necessary to provide uniform dose to the surface of the PTV with the current version of the PRO.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system - A case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mannalini, S.

1997-01-01

There is little information on superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (CNS) in the literature, mainly due to the rarity of the disease, the difficulties in diagnosis (autopsy pre magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and the long latency of the symptoms. With the advent of MRI, for the first time we are able to make a positive in vivo diagnosis. But this comes at a time of less disease incidence, and little clinical awareness. MRI is able to make the diagnosis because of the strong paramagnetic effect of haemosiderin, the blood by-product that is deposited on the brain surface in superficial siderosis of the CNS. The ability of the brain to biosynthesize ferritin in response to prolonged contact with haemosiderin is thought to be the most important factor in the pathogenesis of superficial siderosis. (author)

Volumetric and superficial characterization of carbon activated; Caracterizacion volumetrica y superficial de carbon activado

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carrera G, L.M.; Garcia S, I.; Jimenez B, J.; Solache R, M.; Lopez M, B.; Bulbulian G, S.; Olguin G, M.T. [Departamento de Quimica, Gerencia de Ciencias Basicas, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A.P. 18-1027, 11801 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

2000-07-01

The activated carbon is the resultant material of the calcination process of natural carbonated materials as coconut shells or olive little bones. It is an excellent adsorbent of diluted substances, so much in colloidal form, as in particles form. Those substances are attracted and retained by the carbon surface. In this work is make the volumetric and superficial characterization of activated carbon treated thermically (300 Centigrade) in function of the grain size average. (Author)

Facility Management journal special feature on energy. Intelligent energy supply and air conditioning concept for the &apos;&apos;Bonner Bogen&apos;&apos; buildings; Facility Management-Special &apos;'Energie'&apos;. Intelligentes Energie- und Klimakonzept fuer den &apos;&apos;Bonner Bogen&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2009-11-15

In the &apos;&apos;Bonner Bogen&apos;&apos; construction project, the focus was on resources-saving technology and maximum user comfort, resulting in an integrated planning and implementation process. According to the investor, BonnVisio, the technical infrastructure and energy center of the building - based on groundwater geothermal energy with aquifer storage - is unique in Germany and Europe in terms of size, mode of operation, and efficiency. (orig.)

Mapping of critical loads of acidity for the Italian terrestrial ecosystems; Mappa dei carichi critici di acidita&apos; totale riferita al territorio italiano

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonanni, P.; Brini, S.; Delmonaco, G.; Liburdi, C.; Trocciola, A.; Vetrella, G. [ENEA, Centro Ricerche Casaccia, Rome (Italy). Dipt. Ambiente

1999-07-01

In this report the mapping of critical loads of acidity for the Italian terrestrial ecosystems is presented. The level 0 method (Stockholm Environment Institute) has been used to determine sensitivity to acid deposition; this semi-quantitative method has been modified to address some Italian characteristics. The sensitivity of the Italian soils to acidification is not particularly elevated: there are really only few small areas with poor tolerance to acid depositions in the north-east Italy, Alpine and Prealpine region. [Italian] Nel presente relazione vengono riportati i risultati della mappatura riferita ad ecosistemi terrestri del territorio italiano, dei carichi critici per l&apos;acidita&apos; totale. Il calcolo dei carichi e&apos; stato eseguito sulla base della metodologia messa a punto dallo Stockholm Environment Institute con alcune modifiche per adattarlo meglio alle caratteristiche del territorio italiano. Si dimostra che la sensibilita&apos; dei suoli italiani all&apos;acidificazione non sia particolarmente elevata: sono state riscontrate infatti solo alcune aree, peraltro con superficie limitata, con una scarsa tolleranza alle deposizioni acide nelle zone del Nord Est, in zona alpina e prealpina.

&apos;Minergie&apos; as an opportunity for trade; &apos;Minergie&apos; als Chance fuer das Gewerbe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Graf, R.; Buergi, H.; Hotz, R.

2000-07-01

This collection of short articles is dedicated to the promotion of the Swiss &apos;Minergie&apos; building standard, covering the following points: &apos;Minergie&apos; - a standard for the future; well-insulated and air-tight - two of the three main &apos;Minergie&apos; requirements; solar collectors as a &apos;Minergie&apos; component; radiators for low-energy-consumption buildings; hot water from the sun on six out of seven days; the &apos;Minergie&apos; module as a factor for success; the &apos;Habitus&apos; ventilation unit - a new Swiss product. The first contribution introduces the &apos;Minergie&apos; Standard. Its application in the building and building technical services trades offers from considerable advantages and opportunities for profit. The Standard, which aims to increase the comfort and reduce the energy consumption of buildings, is introduced and the basic principles involved, including energy usage figures, are discussed. A second contribution describes two of the three main requirements for reaching the &apos;Minergie&apos; Standard, air-tightness and good thermal insulation. The main advantage of the standard - a higher level of comfort - is emphasised and an example is given. The third short article takes a look at the use of thermal solar collectors as a source of heat in &apos;Minergie&apos; buildings. A solution involving a combined solar heating and hot-water supply is discussed. The fourth contribution discusses the use of low-temperature radiators in &apos;Minergie&apos; buildings. Examples are given of heat requirements calculation and the factors involved in dimensioning the radiators are discussed. A fifth article describes a commercially available compact solar hot-water system and discusses questions of solar fraction. Returning to basic aspects, the sixth contribution introduces a labelling system for the various components of a &apos;Minergie&apos; building - such as ventilation units, insulation material, radiators, boilers etc

Korea&apos;s 1-watt plan &apos;&apos;Standby Korea 2010&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Yungrae

2010-09-15

Korea announced standby power of all electronics shall be reduced to below 1W by 2010. Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE, Korean government) and Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO) established &apos;&apos;Standby Korea 2010&apos;&apos; which is a roadmap to limit standby power below 1W by 2010. Korea implemented mandatory program over a relatively short period of time, incorporating the better elements from the more established national program and adding new initiatives, such as the threat of using mandatory warning label for products that fail to meet standby power targets.

Clinicopahological features of superficial basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Science.gov (United States)

Oguma, J; Ozawa, S; Kazuno, A; Nitta, M; Ninomiya, Y; Tomita, S

2017-12-01

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSC) of the esophagus is classified as an epithelial malignant tumor and is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Most previous reports have suggested that advanced BSC has a poorer prognosis than typical SCC because of its high biological malignancy, but the biological activity of superficial BSC remains unclear. Twenty cases of superficial BSC, which underwent surgical resection in Tokai University Hospital between January 2004 and December 2013, were analyzed retrospectively. Among these cases, 19 cases with a T1 depth of invasion (BSC group) were compared with 180 cases of SCC that were resected during the same period and were pathologically diagnosed as T1 (SCC group). The frequency of lymph node metastasis in the T1 BSC group was significantly lower (2 patients, 11%) than that in the SCC group (84 patients, 47%) (P = 0.005). The frequency of lymphatic invasion in the BSC group was also lower (9 patients, 47%) than that in the SCC group (131 patients, 73%) (P = 0.021). The pathological type of the metastatic lymph node was BSC in all the superficial BSC cases with lymph node metastasis. This study demonstrated that lymph node metastasis was less likely to occur in cases with superficial BSC than in cases with superficial SCC. © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Design and implementation of a &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom-based Tomotherapy TLD dose intercomparison

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schiefer, Hans; Buchauer, Konrad; Heinze, Simon [Medical Physics Group, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Gallen (Switzerland); Henke, Guido; Plasswilm, Ludwig [Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Gallen (Switzerland)

2015-11-15

The unique beam-delivery technique of Tomotherapy machines (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, Calif.) necessitates tailored quality assurance. This requirement also applies to external dose intercomparisons. Therefore, the aim of the 2014 SSRMP (Swiss Society of Radiobiology and Medical Physics) dosimetry intercomparison was to compare two set-ups with different phantoms. A small cylindrical Perspex phantom, which is similar to the IROC phantom (Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core, Houston, Tex.), and the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom, which is provided by the Tomotherapy manufacturer to all institutions, were used. The standard calibration plans for the TomoHelical and TomoDirect irradiation techniques were applied. These plans are routinely used for dose output calibration in Tomotherapy institutions. We tested 20 Tomotherapy machines in Germany and Switzerland. The ratio of the measured (D{sub m}) to the calculated (D{sub c}) dose was assessed for both phantoms and irradiation techniques. The D{sub m}/D{sub c} distributions were determined to compare the suitability of the measurement set-ups investigated. The standard deviations of the TLD-measured (thermoluminescent dosimetry) D{sub m}/D{sub c} ratios for the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom were 1.9 % for the TomoHelical (19 measurements) and 1.2 % (11 measurements) for the TomoDirect irradiation techniques. The corresponding ratios for the Perspex phantom were 2.8 % (18 measurements) and 1.8 % (11 measurements). Compared with the Perspex phantom-based set-up, the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom-based set-up without individual planning was demonstrated to be more suitable for Tomotherapy dose checks. Future SSRMP dosimetry intercomparisons for Tomotherapy machines will therefore be based on the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom set-up. (orig.) [German] Die einzigartige Bestrahlungstechnik mit Tomotherapie-Bestrahlungsgeraeten (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) erfordert spezifische

Radiological assessment of skull base changes in children with syndromic craniosynostosis: role of &apos;'minor'&apos; sutures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Calandrelli, Rosalinda; D' Apolito, Gabriella; Gaudino, Simona; Stefanetti, Mariangela; Colosimo, Cesare [Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Institute of Radiology, Rome (Italy); Massimi, Luca; Di Rocco, Concezio [Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Institute of Neurosurgery, Rome (Italy)

2014-10-15

This study aims to identify the premature synostosis of &apos;'major'&apos; and &apos;'minor'&apos; sutures of the four &apos;&apos;sutural arches&apos;&apos; of the skull and to perform a morphometric analysis in children with syndromic craniosynostosis in order to evaluate changes in the skull base linked with premature suture synostosis. We reviewed multiplanar high-resolution CT images, implemented with 3D reconstructions, from 18 patients with complex syndromic craniosynostosis and compared them with 18 age-matched healthy subjects. We assessed the calvarial sutures and their extension to the skull base, and then we correlated specific types of synostosis with the size, shape and symmetry of the cranial fossae. We found a marked asymmetry of the skull base growth in all patients. The synostotic involvement around the coronal ring caused a reduction in the growth of the anterior and middle fossae. The size of the posterior cranial fossa was related not only to &apos;'major'&apos; but also to &apos;'minor'&apos; suture synostosis of the lambdoid and parieto-squamosal arches. Changes in the skull base and craniofacial axis symmetry are due to structural and functional relationships between &apos;'major'&apos; and &apos;'minor'&apos; skull sutures, suggesting a structural and functional relationship between the neurocranium and basicranium. The early recognition of prematurely closed skull base sutures may help clinicians and neurosurgeons to establish correct therapeutic approaches. (orig.)

Experimental project with &apos;&apos;green fingers&apos;&apos;. A monitoring informs on successes and failures of Helsinki&apos;s Eco-City; Experimentelles Projekt mit &apos;&apos;gruenen Fingern&apos;&apos;. Ein Monitoring gibt Auskunft ueber Erfolge und Misserfolge von Helsinkis &apos;'Oeko-Stadt'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meyer, Ulf [Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States). Sustainable Architecture and Urban Design

2012-07-01

Of all things, at the extreme edge of Europe, the future of the European city is being rethought: with the new neighborhood &apos;'Viikki'&apos; the Finnish capital Helsinki has built their first eco-city. Eight years after its completion it is time for an evaluation. The founders draw a quite self-critical summary. The monitoring of Eco-Viikki is unusually accurate and thus gives interesting insights for other construction projects in Europe.

Regulation imposed to nuclear facility operators for the elaboration of &apos;waste studies&apos; and &apos;waste statuses&apos;; Reglementation imposee aux exploitants d&apos;installations nucleaires pour l&apos;elaboration &apos;&apos;des etudes dechets&apos;&apos; et &apos;&apos;des bilans dechets&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-09-04

This decision from the French authority of nuclear safety (ASN) aims at validating the new versions of the guidebook for the elaboration of &apos;waste studies&apos; for nuclear facilities and of the specifications for the elaboration of &apos;waste statuses&apos; for nuclear facilities. This paper includes two documents. The first one is a guidebook devoted to nuclear facility operators which fixes the rules of production of waste studies according to the articles 20 to 26 of the inter-ministry by-law from December 31, 1999 (waste zoning conditions and ASN&apos;s control modalities). The second document concerns the specifications for the establishment of annual waste statuses according to article 27 of the inter-ministry by-law from December 31, 1999 (rational management of nuclear wastes). (J.S.)

Biomass torrefaction characteristics in inert and oxidative atmospheres at various superficial velocities.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Wei-Hsin; Lu, Ke-Miao; Liu, Shih-Hsien; Tsai, Chi-Ming; Lee, Wen-Jhy; Lin, Ta-Chang

2013-10-01

The reaction characteristics of four biomass materials (i.e. oil palm fiber, coconut fiber, eucalyptus, and Cryptomeria japonica) with non-oxidative and oxidative torrefaction at various superficial velocities are investigated where nitrogen and air are used as carrier gases. Three torrefaction temperatures of 250, 300, and 350 °C are considered. At a given temperature, the solid yield of biomass is not affected by N2 superficial velocity, revealing that the thermal degradation is controlled by heat and mass transfer in biomass. Increasing air superficial velocity decreases the solid yield, especially in oil palm fiber and coconut fiber, implying that the torrefaction reaction of biomass is dominated by surface oxidation. There exists an upper limit of air superficial velocity in the decrement of solid yield, suggesting that beyond this limit the thermal degradation of biomass is no longer governed by surface oxidation, but rather is controlled by internal mass transport. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Emotions, visions and communications. &apos;&apos;Heartbeats inclusive&apos;&apos;; Emotionen, Visionen und Kommunikationen. &apos;&apos;Herzklopfen inklusive&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinderknecht, F.M. [Rinspeed AG, Zumikom (Germany)

2006-07-01

Emotional aspects become more and more relevant and important in today&apos;s consumer world. It is not only the technical features or the price which influence decisions for buying or not, but non-tangible elements as brand name, image, imaginary value, personal positioning and other emotions. Products become more and more equal as well as their performance sets no differentiation. Therefore marketing and sales strategies call for emotional differentiations. One very successful example on today&apos;s market is the I-Pod - nothing simpler than a MP3-player which fetches three times the monetary revenue and has some times even a waiting list. Why? Because it is &apos;'cool'&apos; and a status symbol to own one. The same thinking needs to be applied in the marketing and sales activities of natural gas as a mobile fuel as well. Having many important functional disadvantages over gasoline such as a small number of filling stations, limited range of models offered and sometimes limited range and national offer, not only the financial aspects of saving fuel costs, but the emotional positioning of the buyer is very important: To be environment conscious, to be the first, to be different, to be responsible, to be looked at as a trend-setter, and to possibly have power equal to the equivalent in gasoline engines. (orig.)

Flux quantization in &apos;autistic&apos; magnets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costa de Beauregard, O.; Vigoureux, J.M.

1974-03-15

The Dirac electron theory for the evanescent wave surrounding an infinitely long cylindrical magnet with zero surface polarization and the requirement of the single valuedness of this wave are used to show that the magnetic flux is quantized in units h/2e emu. The same quantization is shown for a general &apos;'autistic'&apos; magnet (i.e. magnet completely trapping its flux), thus establishing complete external equivalence of the &apos;'autistic'&apos; magnet with the &apos;&apos;perfect solenoid&apos;&apos;. An experimental test of the predicted quantization is suggested.

Spherically symmetric conformal gravity and &apos;&apos;gravitational bubbles&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berezin, V.A.; Dokuchaev, V.I.; Eroshenko, Yu.N., E-mail: berezin@inr.ac.ru, E-mail: dokuchaev@inr.ac.ru, E-mail: eroshenko@inr.ac.ru [Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 60th October Anniversary Prospect 7a, Moscow, 117312 (Russian Federation)

2016-01-01

The general structure of the spherically symmetric solutions in the Weyl conformal gravity is described. The corresponding Bach equations are derived for the special type of metrics, which can be considered as the representative of the general class. The complete set of the pure vacuum solutions is found. It consists of two classes. The first one contains the solutions with constant two-dimensional curvature scalar of our specific metrics, and the representatives are the famous Robertson-Walker metrics. One of them we called the &apos;&apos;gravitational bubbles&apos;&apos;, which is compact and with zero Weyl tensor. Thus, we obtained the pure vacuum curved space-times (without any material sources, including the cosmological constant) what is absolutely impossible in General Relativity. Such a phenomenon makes it easier to create the universe from &apos;'nothing'&apos;. The second class consists of the solutions with varying curvature scalar. We found its representative as the one-parameter family. It appears that it can be conformally covered by the thee-parameter Mannheim-Kazanas solution. We also investigated the general structure of the energy-momentum tensor in the spherical conformal gravity and constructed the vectorial equation that reveals clearly some features of non-vacuum solutions. Two of them are explicitly written, namely, the metrics à la Vaidya, and the electrovacuum space-time metrics.

66. The safety engineering at reprocessing of raw material from &apos;zero&apos; mark and &apos;slaked lime&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, A.V.

1993-01-01

The safety engineering at reprocessing of raw material from &apos;zero&apos; mark and &apos;slaked lime&apos; was studied. All operational conditions at reprocessing of raw material from &apos;zero&apos; mark and &apos;slaked lime&apos; were discussed.

Two Crosslinking Technologies for Superficial Reticular Dermis Injection: A Comparative Ultrasound and Histologic Study

OpenAIRE

Micheels, Patrick; Besse, Stéphanie; Sarazin, Didier

2017-01-01

Background: Few hyaluronic acid fillers have been developed for superficial injection. Objective: To compare the diffusion and integration properties of cohesive polydensified matrix and Vycross® technology hyaluronic acid fillers with lidocaine following injection into the superficial reticular dermis. Methods and materials: Two subjects received two injections each of cohesive polydensified matrix and Vycross® hyaluronic acid (0.2mL/site) in the superficial reticular dermis of the buttock u...

Deep-sea drilling. Practical aspects of 4D seismic: what an engineer needs to know. Developments in Iran: &apos;SIRRI&apos; of the Total company and &apos;DOROOD&apos; of the Elf company. The &apos;DOROOD&apos; operating plan. The &apos;SIRRI&apos; operating plan; Le forage en eau profonde. Aspects pratiques de la sismique 4D: ce qu&apos;un ingenieur doit savoir. Developpements en Iran: &apos;SIRRI&apos; de Total et &apos;DOROOD&apos; d&apos;Elf. Le projet &apos;DOROOD&apos;. Le projet &apos;SIRRI&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Claverie, P. [Schlumberger Sedco Forex, 92 - Montrouge (France); Bauquis, P.R. [Association Francaise des Techniciens et Professionnels du Petrole, AFTP, 92 - Paris-la-Defense (France); Seiller, B.; Geronimi, X. [Elf France, (France); Barthe, D. [Total Fina, 92 - La Defense (France)

1999-08-01

In this &apos;Drilling-Production&apos; section, in which 7 papers are gathered, 3 main topics are developed: (1)the deep-sea drilling (2)the practical aspects of 4D seismic (3)the &apos;SIRRI&apos; and &apos;DOROOD&apos; operating plans in Iran. Concerning the first point, it can be noticed that nowadays, mobile platforms are located in great offshore where water depths are of about 2400 m. In the second point is particularly detailed what 4D is, what it can do, what the primary conditions for it works are and how it costs. The third point is the more particularly detailed in this section (15 pages). At first an introduction indicates why Iran has to call to international petroleum investors, what the current problems of Iran are, what Iran has to do to attract foreign investment and technology and what the challenges to foreign companies are. Then the two operating plans: &apos;SIRRI&apos; and &apos;DOROOD&apos; are exposed into details. A synthesis of these plans, called of &apos;Buy Back&apos;, (production, investment, refund) is given as well as their advantages and disadvantages. (O.M.)

New quality assurance program integrating &apos;&apos;modern radiotherapy&apos;&apos; within the German Hodgkin Study Group

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kriz, J.; Haverkamp, U.; Eich, H.T. [University of Muenster, Department of Radiation Oncology, Muenster (Germany); Baues, C.; Marnitz-Schulze, S. [University of Cologne, Department of Radiation Oncology, Koeln (Germany); Engenhart-Cabillic, R. [University of Marburg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Marburg (Germany); Herfarth, K. [University of Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg (Germany); Lukas, P. [University of Innsbruck, Department of Radiation Oncology, Innsbruck (Austria); Schmidberger, H. [University of Mainz, Department of Radiation Oncology, Mainz (Germany); Fuchs, M.; Engert, A. [University of Cologne, Department of Internal Medicine, Koeln (Germany)

2017-02-15

Field design changed substantially from extended-field RT (EF-RT) to involved-field RT (IF-RT) and now to involved-node RT (IN-RT) and involved-site RT (IS-RT) as well as treatment techniques in radiotherapy (RT) of Hodgkin&apos;s lymphoma (HL). The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the establishment of a quality assurance program (QAP) including modern RT techniques and field designs within the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG). In the era of modern conformal RT, this QAP had to be fundamentally adapted and a new evaluation process has been intensively discussed by the radiotherapeutic expert panel of the GHSG. The expert panel developed guidelines and criteria to analyse &apos;'modern'&apos; field designs and treatment techniques. This work is based on a dataset of 11 patients treated within the sixth study generation (HD16-17). To develop a QAP of &apos;&apos;modern RT&apos;&apos;, the expert panel defined criteria for analysing current RT procedures. The consensus of a modified QAP in ongoing and future trials is presented. With this schedule, the QAP of the GHSG could serve as a model for other study groups. (orig.) [German] Nicht nur die Zielvolumendefinitionen haben sich von der Extended-Field- (EF-RT) ueber die Involved-Field- (IF-RT) bis zur Involved-Node- (IN-RT) und Involved-Site-Radiotherapie (IS-RT) weiterentwickelt. Auch die Radiotherapie(RT)-Techniken in der Behandlung von Patienten mit Hodgkin-Lymphom haben Aenderungen erfahren. Wir moechten aufzeigen, wie die Arbeit des Qualitaetssicherungsprogramms (QAP) innerhalb der Deutschen Hodgkin Studiengruppe (German Hodgkin Study Group [GHSG]) in der Aera der &apos;&apos;modernen RT&apos;&apos; hinsichtlich intensitaetsmodulierter RT (IMRT) und bildgefuehrter RT (IGRT), aber auch hinsichtlich moderner Felddefinitionen wie bei der IN-RT angepasst wurde. In der Aera der &apos;&apos;modernen RT&apos;&apos; wurde das QAP vom radiotherapeutischen Expertenpanel der GHSG im Rahmen einiger

Students&apos;, Guardians&apos;, and Teachers&apos; Perceptions of Student-Led Conferences

Science.gov (United States)

Orso, Charlotte Lindsey

2013-01-01

The purpose of the study was to examine the ELL and non-ELL students&apos;, guardians&apos;, and the English as a second language (ESL) teachers&apos; perceptions of student-led conferences. Specifically, the study examined if ELL students&apos; and guardians&apos; preferences were similar to non-ELL students&apos; and guardians&apos; preferences…

Coral bleaching and ocean &apos;&apos;hot spots&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goreau, T.J. (Global Coral Reef Alliance, Chappaqua, NY (United States)); Hayes, R.L. (Howard Univ., Washington, DC (United States). College of Medicine)

1994-05-01

Global sea-surface temperature maps show that mass coral-reef bleaching episodes between 1983 and 1991 followed positive anomalies more than 1 deg C above long-term monthly averages (&apos;&apos;hot spots&apos;&apos;) during the preceding warm season. Irregular formation, movement, and disappearance of hot spots make their detailed long-term prediction impossible, but they can be tracked in real time from satellite data. Monitoring of ocean hot spots and of coral bleaching is needed if the Framework Convention of Climate Change is to meet its goal of protecting the most temperature sensitive ecosystems. 47 refs, 3 figs

Scenarios for an integrated sustainability policy - using the example of the &apos;&apos;Sustainable City 2030&apos;&apos;. Vol. 2; Szenarien fuer eine integrierte Nachhaltigkeitspolitik - am Beispiel: Die nachhaltige Stadt 2030. Bd. 2. Teilbericht &apos;&apos;Kreislaufstadt 2030&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Verbuecheln, Maic; Grabow, Busso; Uttke, Angela; Schwausch, Mandy [Deutsches Inst. fuer Urbanistik (DiFu), Berlin (Germany); Gassner, Robert [Institut fuer Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung gGmbH (IZT), Berlin (Germany)

2013-04-15

The partial report &apos;&apos;Recycling City 2030&apos;&apos; was prepared for the Federal Environment Agency (Dessau, Federal Republic of Germany) as a part of the project &apos;&apos;Scenarios for an integrated sustainability policy - the example of &apos;The Sustainable City 2030 &apos;'&apos;. This partial report is based on research activities of the German Institute of Urban Affairs (Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany) and Institute for Futures Studies and Technology Assessment (Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany). The objectives of this partial report are: (1) Description of the challenges and trends in urban regions; (2) Recycling city and its importance in the current debate on sustainability; (3) Identification and optimization of existing cycle approaches in urban habitats; (4) Analysis of the actual state as well as designation of developments and constraints; (5) Discussion on the interface between the sectors; (6) Options for action for the interaction between the actors in interdisciplinary topics; (7) Outline of ways and perspectives of the implementation of the &apos;&apos;Recycling City 2030&apos;&apos;.

Optimisation of biological reactors using the &apos;biological resonance&apos; phenomenon; Ansatz zur Optimierung biologischer Reinigungsstufen durch das Phaenomen der &apos;&apos;Biologischen Resonanz&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmid, A.

2003-07-01

The microbial catabolic activity of biological reactors can be increased by up to 75% through external stimulation with intermittent stress loads at intervals of several minutes. Under these process conditions, the &apos;&apos;biological resonance&apos;&apos; phenomenon determines the system and leads to an increased synthesis of enzymes. In addition to computer simulations, experiments with activated sludge were carried out in a 10-litre bioreactor. By modulating the stress intervals, a permanent increase in catabolic activity of about 60% was achieved during these experiments. By relying on the &apos;&apos;biological resonance&apos;&apos; phenomenon, the required reaction volume of biological treatment units can probably be reduced by up to 40%. (orig.)

European day &apos;&apos;in town, without my car&apos;&apos;; Journee europeen &apos;&apos;en ville, sans ma voiture&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-10-01

70 million inhabitants took part in the day &apos;&apos;In town, without my car&apos;&apos; on 22 September of this year. It is a great success for this European first. The objective of Energie-Cites association being to promote sustainable local energy policies, that is to say policies aimed at improving energy efficiency, increasing the use of renewable energy sources and limiting nuisance and pollution linked to energy consumption, the association is pleased that this event helped focus public attention on transport. It is indeed in this sector that uncontrolled upswings in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are the most important. This report presents the evaluation of this European initiative and details the actions in some towns. (A.L.B.)

Malignant transformation of superficial peritoneal endometriosis lesion.

Science.gov (United States)

Marchand, Eva; Hequet, Delphine; Thoury, Anne; Barranger, Emmanuel

2013-08-26

A 63-year-old woman with no medical history underwent an abdominal surgery with hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a 10 cm peritoneal cyst with increased cancer antigene-125. A large suspicious tumour of the Douglas space, with contact to the uterus and the rectal wall was described. The rest of the exploration was normal, specially the rest of the peritoneum. Histopathology revealed a malignant transformation of a superficial peritoneal endometriosis. Secondary surgery was thus completed by laparoscopy with bilateral pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissections, omentectomy and multiple peritoneal biopsies. All staging samples were free of cancer; therefore no complementary therapy was administered. After 18 months of follow-up, consisting of clinical examination and pelvis magnetic resonance imaging every 6 months, we did not observe any recurrence. Malignant transformation of superficial peritoneal endometriosis is a rare disease and surgical management seems to be the main treatment.

Castelli di carta. La piega per la costruzione di superfici articolate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Casale

2012-06-01

Full Text Available L’antica arte del piegare la carta, l’Origami, sta vivendo un rinnovato interesse che coinvolge molti aspetti della ricerca.  Con il termine origami, si intende lo studio del modo di piegare il foglio di carta per imporgli una specifica forma.  La superficie tassellata per mezzo di specifiche pieghe, si propone come un nuovo soggetto di studio: la superficie piegata articolata. La forma congiunta al movimento, assume un particolare interesse nella contemporanea ricerca geometrica e architettonica. Il panorama contemporaneo, propone opere di architettura “responsiva”, capaci di modificare le proprie caratteristiche per adeguarsi a nuove condizioni. La superficie piegata articolata sembra particolarmente adatta a descrivere questo modo d’intendere l’architettura, reagendo a diverse volontà e di conseguenza modificando la propria conformazione attraverso un attento controllo progettuale della forma.

Recognizing IT risks - acting with foresight or: &apos;&apos;practical reasons for comprehensive IT security&apos;&apos;; IT-Risiken erkennen, vorausschauend handeln oder: &apos;&apos;Praktische Gruende fuer umfassende IT-Security&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schaeffer, P.A.R. [TUeV Rheinland Secure iT GmbH, Koeln (Germany)

2006-07-01

Comprehensive IT security expects all threats and every possible consequence to be identified in order to deduce and develop appropriate counter measures. This article describes two exemplary threats to an IT infrastructure: &apos;Hacking Internal Networks&apos; and &apos;A High Promising Target: Web Applications&apos;. (orig.)

Valoración de la superficie del dializador en la hemodiafiltración on-line. Elección objetiva de la superficie del dializador

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Maduell

2015-05-01

Conclusión: El incremento del 40% y el 80% de la superficie conlleva un aumento del volumen convectivo de un 6 y un 16% respectivamente, aunque se evidenció una reducción en su máximo rendimiento, mostrando mínimas diferencias tanto en el volumen convectivo como en la capacidad depurativa cuando el CUF era superior a 45 ml/h/mmHg. Es recomendable optimizar el rendimiento de los dializadores a la mínima superficie posible adecuando la prescripción de tratamiento.

Agreement &apos;&apos;power networks and environment&apos;&apos; 2001-2003; Accord &apos;&apos;reseaux electriques et environnement&apos;&apos; 2001-2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-01-01

This agreement, discussed between the French government and Electricite de France (EdF) group, proposes some engagements for the 2001-2003 era for a better environmental integration of power transmission and distribution networks. The agreement is made of two parts: 1 - public distribution networks: realization of new workmanship (medium and low voltage power lines, new lines in dense urban areas), actions on existing workmanship (consequences of December 1999 storms, aesthetical aspects, burial of the main overhead lines in wooded areas, reinforcement of EdF&apos;s environmental commitment, remedial actions for environmental &apos;black points&apos;), general measures of implementation (increasing network safety, protection of birds fauna, coordination of works); 2 - public transportation network (RTE): development and safety improvement of the public transportation network (reinforced arrangement for the establishment of regional development schemes, development of international interconnections, safety improvement of the public transportation network, RTE&apos;s environmental plan); line projects (arrangements during projects elaboration, accompanying program); long lived RTE&apos;s commitment (environmental management and ISO-14001 certification, vigilance with respect to electromagnetic fields, R and D). (J.S.)

Superficial fungal infections.

Science.gov (United States)

Schwartz, Robert A

Superficial fungal infections arise from a pathogen that is restricted to the stratum corneum, with little or no tissue reaction. In this Seminar, three types of infection will be covered: tinea versicolor, piedra, and tinea nigra. Tinea versicolor is common worldwide and is caused by Malassezia spp, which are human saprophytes that sometimes switch from yeast to pathogenic mycelial form. Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa, and Malassezia sympodialis are most closely linked to tinea versicolor. White and black piedra are both common in tropical regions of the world; white piedra is also endemic in temperate climates. Black piedra is caused by Piedraia hortae; white piedra is due to pathogenic species of the Trichosporon genus. Tinea nigra is also common in tropical areas and has been confused with melanoma.

Experiments on the superficial irradiation of spherical vegetables and fruits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalman, B.; Kiraly, Z.

1974-01-01

A revolving facility was made for the homogeneous superficial irradiation of spherical vegetables and fruits (apricot, peach, tomato, apple, etc.) with fast electrons. After the building of the technological apparatus described in detail, dosimetrical measurements were carried out by a Van de Graff generator of 2 MV and it was proved, that the superficial irradiation had a smaller effect on the quality of the fresh fruits, than of the stored ones. The developed apparatus can be altered according to the ripe-rate of the products. (K.A.)

Trends in Energy. &apos;The consumer decides&apos;; Trends in Energy. &apos;De consument bepaalt&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brzezowsky-Ruys, Y.; Van der Zalm, M.; Van Zutphen, M. (eds.)

2012-03-15

A report is given of the Capgemini organised congress &apos;Trends in Energy 2011&apos; which has the Dutch subtitle &apos;De consument bepaalt&apos; (The consumer decides&apos;. The focus of the articles, interviews, debates and presentations is on the role of the consumer in the supply of and demand for energy. Parts of the report are in Dutch and English [Dutch] Dit rapport bestaat uit een verslag van het congres &apos;Trends in Energy 2011. De consument bepaalt&apos; en een aantal artikelen met achtergrondinformatie over onder meer de rol van de consument in vraag en aanbod van energie.

Do we need a &apos;&apos;green medicine&apos;&apos;?; Brauchen wir &apos;&apos;Gruene Medizin?&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bauer, M.; Daschner, F.; Scherrer, M. [Universitaetsklinikum Freiburg (Germany)

2006-07-01

Spontaneously, we do associate &apos;&apos;green medicine&apos;&apos; with terms like naturopathy, natural healing substances, herbal active agents, homeopathy, healthy food, preventive medicine and similar things, and finally we think of ecology. This is the focus of the following article. First of all, the following question arises: Are there any environment-friendly and cost-saving alternatives to the present medicine? There is an increasing number of environment-caused diseases. Therefore, a medicine not coping with the environment is not credible. In today&apos;s medicine, for example, there are too many persistent detergents, water-polluting disinfectants, and many disposable materials. Too much water ist consumed, whereas the use of renewable energies is only limited. And too little natural healing methods are applied in diagnostics and therapy. Presently, in Germany, 16,7 million in-patients are treated in Germany, 1,16 million out-patients have surgeries in 2166 hospitals by ca. 1,1 million medical staff. All this work needs energy and materials which bring various risks to environment and the patients. During the last two decades, however, many efforts were made in the field of environment protection in medicine. There is hardly a hospital left which has not taken measures of protecting the environment. In the branch-specific quality management system KTQ (=cooperation for transparency and quality in the health system). environment protection measures are interrogated and systematically assessed.

&apos;&apos;Is it really green?&apos;&apos; Long-term performance of monocrystalline solar modules as illustrated by the example of a photovoltaic pumping station in a natural reserve (&apos;&apos;Schwenninger Moos&apos;&apos;); &apos;&apos;Is it really green?&apos;&apos; Langzeiterfahrung mit monokristallinen Solarmodulen am Beispiel der photovoltaischen Pumpstation Schwenninger Moos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Assbeck, Franz [Hochschule Furtwangen (Germany). Fakultaet Computer und Electrical Engineering

2010-03-15

In 1991, a photovoltaic pumping station was commissioned in the natural reserve &apos;&apos;Schwenninger Moos&apos;&apos; in the southern Black Forest. The pumping station was dismantled when the land was used for the 2010 Baden-Wuerttemberg &apos;Landesgartenschau&apos; (garden festival). After 18 years of operation, the plant provided valuable information on the long-term performance of monocrystalline solar modules, so the author made detailed measurements and evaluations just before the plant was dismantled, in an attempt to find out about its long-term performance and cost efficiency. The results are presented here. (orig.)

The role of &apos;&apos;momentum removal&apos;&apos; in divertor detachment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kukushkin, A.S. [Kurchatov Institute, Moscow (Russian Federation); NRNU MEPhI, Moscow (Russian Federation); Pacher, H.D. [INRS-EMT, Varennes, Quebec (Canada)

2016-08-15

The role of &apos;&apos;momentum removal&apos;&apos; (the drag force on the plasma ion flow) in divertor detachment is considered and analysed in detail. This analysis of the 2D modelling results shows that the drag force cannot reduce the power and particle flux to the target directly. However, it is essential for creating the conditions for efficient radiation and volumetric plasma recombination, which in turn do the job. (copyright 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Development of an object oriented lattice QCD code &apos;'Bridge++'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ueda, S; Aoki, S; Aoyama, T; Kanaya, K; Taniguchi, Y; Matsufuru, H; Motoki, S; Namekawa, Y; Nemura, H; Ukita, N

2014-01-01

We are developing a new lattice QCD code set &apos;'Bridge++'&apos; aiming at extensible, readable, and portable workbench for QCD simulations, while keeping a high performance at the same time. Bridge++ covers conventional lattice actions and numerical algorithms. The code set is constructed in C++ with an object oriented programming. In this paper we describe fundamental ingredients of the code and the current status of development

Outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer patients with isolated T2 marrow signal abnormality in the underlying bone: should the diagnosis of &apos;'osteitis'&apos; be changed to &apos;&apos;early osteomyelitis&apos;&apos;?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duryea, Dennis; Bernard, Stephanie; Flemming, Donald; Walker, Eric; French, Cristy [Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, H066, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA (United States)

2017-10-15

To evaluate the variability of clinical treatment and outcomes based on reporting of diabetic foot ulcer MRI findings of adjacent marrow T2 hyperintensity with normal T1 signal. A retrospective review was conducted of 46 MRI examinations evaluating diabetic foot ulcers that demonstrated normal T1 marrow signal, but T2 marrow hyperintensity deep to the ulcer. The cohort was divided based on MRI report impressions into three groups; &apos;&apos;osteitis without osteomyelitis&apos;&apos; (OW), &apos;&apos;osteitis but cannot exclude early osteomyelitis&apos;&apos; (OCEO) and &apos;&apos;early osteomyelitis&apos;&apos; (EO). Patient demographics (age, gender) and accessory MRI findings of ulcer and sinus tract depth were recorded. Initial clinical assessment and medical treatment (route and duration of antibiotics), healing versus disease progression and histology or microbiology results were recorded. The isolated marrow T2 signal hyperintensity was reported as OW in 12 patients, OCEO in 18, and EO in 16. No statistical difference in clinical assessment was demonstrated between the OW, OCEO, and EO groups. Pathological condition was available in 15 patients within 0-7 days (mean 2.4 days) of the MRI examination, with 14 (93%) of these positive for osteomyelitis by histopathology or positive cultures. Initial diagnosis of or progression to osteomyelitis was shown in 28 patients (61%). Treatment of suspected osteomyelitis is heavily determined by clinical factors. Patients who initially demonstrate only T2 marrow signal abnormality under a diabetic ulcer are eventually diagnosed as osteomyelitis in 61% of cases and deserve aggressive treatment as early osteomyelitis when meeting clinical parameters. (orig.)

Pulmonary perfusion &apos;&apos;without ventilation&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chapman, C.N.; Sziklas, J.J.; Spencer, R.P.; Rosenberg, R.J.

1983-12-01

An 88-yr-old man, with prior left upper lobectomy and phrenic nerve injury, had a ventilation/perfusion lung image. Both wash-in and equilibrium ventilation images showed no radioactive gas in the left lung. Nevertheless, the left lung was perfused. A similar result was obtained on a repeat study 8 days later. Delayed images, during washout, showed some radioactive gas in the left lung. Nearly absent ventilation (but continued perfusion) of that lung might have been related to altered gas dynamics brought about by the prior lobectomy, a submucosal bronchial lesion, phrenic nerve damage, and limited motion of the left part of the diaphragm. This case raises the issue of the degree of ventilation (and the phase relationship between the lungs) required for the entry of radioactive gas into a diseased lung, and the production of a &apos;&apos;reversed ventilation/perfusion mismatch.&apos;&apos;

The German &apos;'Energiewende'&apos;. Evaluation after the Paris-agreement; Die Deutsche Energiewende. Bewertung nach dem Klima-Abkommen von Paris

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roth, Eike

2016-08-01

The World-Climate-Summit 2016 in Paris agreed to exacerbated goals for climate protection. This paper will scrutinize whether Germany can comply with its Paris-obligations by continuing the ongoing German &apos;'Energiewende'&apos;. The result is clear-cut: The German &apos;'Energiewende'&apos; is inadequate. Due to the cap-and-trade system of the EU the &apos;''Energiewende'&apos;.

Evaluating optimal superficial limb perfusion at different angles using non-invasive micro-lightguide spectrophotometry.

Science.gov (United States)

Darmanin, Geraldine; Jaggard, Matthew; Hettiaratchy, Shehan; Nanchahal, Jagdeep; Jain, Abhilash

2013-06-01

It is common practice to elevate the limbs postoperatively to reduce oedema and hence optimise perfusion and facilitate rehabilitation. However, elevation may be counterproductive as it reduces the mean perfusion pressure. There are no clear data on the optimal position of the limbs even in normal subjects. The optimal position of limbs was investigated in 25 healthy subjects using a non-invasive micro-lightguide spectrophotometry system "O2C", which indirectly measures skin and superficial tissue perfusion through blood flow, oxygen saturation and relative haemoglobin concentration. We found a reduction in skin and superficial tissue blood flow of 17% (p=0.0001) on arm elevation (180° shoulder flexion) as compared to heart level and an increase in skin and superficial tissue blood flow of 25% (p=0.02) on forearm elevation of 45°. Lower limb skin and superficial tissue blood flow decreased by 15% (p=0.004) on elevation to 47 cm and by 70% on dependency (p=0.0001) compared to heart level. However, on elevation of the lower limb there was also a 28% reduction in superficial venous pooling (p=0.0001) compared to heart level. In the normal limb, the position for optimal superficial perfusion of the upper limb is with the arm placed at heart level and forearm at 45°. In the lower limb the optimal position for superficial perfusion would be at heart level. However, some degree of elevation may be useful if there is an element of venous congestion. Copyright © 2013 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Internet of &apos;'printed'&apos; Things: low-cost fabrication of autonomous sensing nodes by inkjet printing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawahara, Yoshihiro

2014-01-01

&apos;&apos;What if electronics devices are printed using an inkjet printer even at home?&apos;&apos; &apos;&apos;What if those devices no longer need a battery?&apos;&apos; I will introduce two enabling technologies for the Internet of Things concept. 1. Instant Inkjet Circuits: A low cost, fast and accessible technology to support the rapid prototyping of electronic devices. We demonstrated that &apos;'sintering-free'&apos; silver nano particle ink with a commodity inkjet printer can be used to fabricate printed circuit board and high-frequency applications such as antennas and sensors. The technology is now commercialized by AgIC, Inc. 2. Wireless Power: Although large amounts of data can be exchanged over a wireless communication link, mobile devices are still tethered by power cables. We are trying to solve this problem by two different approaches: energy harvesting. A simple circuitry comprised of diodes and capacitor can convert ambient radio signals into DC current. Our research revealed the signals from TV tower located 6.5km apart could be used to feed 100 microwatts to power microcontrollers

Irradiation as a quarantine treatment of &apos;Carabao&apos; (&apos;Manila Super&apos;) mangoes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manoto, E.C.; Resilva, S.S.; Del Rosario, Ma.S.; Casubha, L.C.

1990-01-01

Researches using gamma radiation for disinfestation of Oriental fruit fly in &apos;Carabao&apos; (&apos;Manila Super&apos;) mangoes were undertaken using the Probit 9 or 99.9968% mortality test. The results showed that the mature larvae of the fruit fly are the most tolerant stage of this insect to irradiation with the eggs as the most sensitive. On treating more than 100,000 mature larvae in mangoes, a minimum dose of 100 Gy was found to prevent emergence of adult fruit flies and maintain quarantine security or a complete elimination of the possibility of introducing this pest into the importing country. Therefore, the use of 100-Gy irradiation as a quarantine treatment against Oriental fruit fly in the mature green Philippine &apos;carabao&apos; mango fruits is recommended

Progress Report: DE-FG03-97ER20274, &apos;&apos;Microbial Production of Isoprene&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ray Fall

2002-03-13

We have discovered that microorganisms produce and emit the hydrocarbon isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene), and have suggested that if isoprene-producing enzymes and their genes can be harnessed, useful hydrocarbon-producing systems might be constructed. The main goal of the proposed work is to establish the biochemical mechanism and regulation of isoprene formation in the bacterial system, Bacillus subtilis. Specific objectives of the proposed work are the following: (A) to characterize the physiological regulation of isoprene formation in B. subtilis; (B) to characterize mutations in B. subtilis 168 that suppress isoprene formation, clone these genes, and determine how isoprene and isoprenoid carbon flow are regulated; and (C) to test &apos;'overflow'&apos; and &apos;'signaling'&apos; models for Bacillus isoprene formation. We are also pursuing the isolation and cloning of B. subtilis isoprene synthase, which we believe may be a regulatory enzyme.

The German &apos;'Energiewende'&apos;. Evaluation after the Paris-agreement; Die Deutsche Energiewende. Bewertung nach dem Klima-Abkommen von Paris

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roth, Eike

2016-12-15

The World-Climate-Summit 2016 in Paris agreed to exacerbated goals for climate protection. This paper will scrutinize whether Germany can comply with its Paris-obligations by continuing the ongoing German &apos;'Energiewende'&apos;. The result is clear-cut: The German &apos;'Energiewende'&apos; is inadequate. Due to the cap-and-trade system of the EU the &apos;'Energiewende'&apos; can in no way contribute to climate protection.

The &apos;electric power&apos; experience: Between nostalgia and the future. Erlebnis &apos;Strom&apos; zwischen Nostalgie und Zukunft

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moergeli, H.P. (Moergeli und Partner, Muri bei Bern (Switzerland))

1994-03-04

The &apos;'Muehleberg'&apos; is a concept which is mostly used in connection with the nuclear power station. But there is more to the &apos;'Muehleberg'&apos; than at first sight. A hydroelectric station, a waste dump gas plant and the brandnew works management centre of the Bernische Kraftwerke AG (BKW) constitute the framework for a host of other attractions in the field of electric power; among others, examples of technological culture in the BKW museum, which are worth seeing. (orig.)

MOSFET dosimetry in-vivo at superficial and orthovoltage x-ray energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheung, T.; Yu, P.K.N.; Butson, M.J.; Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong, NSW

2003-01-01

This note investigates in-vivo dosimetry using a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) for radiotherapy treatment at superficial and orthovoltage x-ray energies. This was performed within one fraction of the patients treatment. Standard measurements along with energy response of the detector are given. Results showed that the MOSFET measurements in-vivo agreed with calculated results on average within ± 5.6% over all superficial and orthovoltage energies. These variations were slightly larger than TLD results with variations between measured and calculated results being ± 5.0% for the same patient measurements. The MOSFET device provides adequate in-vivo dosimetry for superficial and orthovoltage energy treatments with the accuracy of the measurements seeming to be relatively on par with TLD in our case. The MOSFET does have the advantage of returning a relatively immediate dosimetric result after irradiation. Copyright (2003) Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine

Use of superficial peroneal nerve graft for treating peripheral nerve injuries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel Ribak

2016-02-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical results from treating chronic peripheral nerve injuries using the superficial peroneal nerve as a graft donor source. METHODS: This was a study on eleven patients with peripheral nerve injuries in the upper limbs that were treated with grafts from the sensitive branch of the superficial peroneal nerve. The mean time interval between the dates of the injury and surgery was 93 days. The ulnar nerve was injured in eight cases and the median nerve in six. There were three cases of injury to both nerves. In the surgery, a longitudinal incision was made on the anterolateral face of the ankle, thus viewing the superficial peroneal nerve, which was located anteriorly to the extensor digitorum longus muscle. Proximally, the deep fascia between the extensor digitorum longus and the peroneal longus muscles was dissected. Next, the motor branch of the short peroneal muscle (one of the branches of the superficial peroneal nerve was identified. The proximal limit of the sensitive branch was found at this point. RESULTS: The average space between the nerve stumps was 3.8 cm. The average length of the grafts was 16.44 cm. The number of segments used was two to four cables. In evaluating the recovery of sensitivity, 27.2% evolved to S2+, 54.5% to S3 and 18.1% to S3+. Regarding motor recovery, 72.7% presented grade 4 and 27.2% grade 3. There was no motor deficit in the donor area. A sensitive deficit in the lateral dorsal region of the ankle and the dorsal region of the foot was observed. None of the patients presented complaints in relation to walking. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the superficial peroneal nerve as a graft source for treating peripheral nerve injuries is safe and provides good clinical results similar to those from other nerve graft sources.

Iran&apos;s &apos;Risk-Taking&apos; in Perspective

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shahram, Chubin

2008-07-01

Assessing any state&apos;s intentions is a difficult undertaking - especially at a specific moment in time. When a state is considered hostile, its behaviour erratic, and its system opaque, what is difficult under normal circumstances becomes nearly impossible. It may thus often seem prudent to attribute the worst of intentions to such states, but this can create a self-fulfilling prophecy. Iran with its revolutionary pretensions, fiery rhetoric and nuclear ambitions, is a case in point, since it is particularly difficult to &apos;read&apos;. Located in the centre of a geo-politically sensitive and conflict-driven area, Iran is in a position to influence - positively or otherwise - the Persian Gulf, the Caucasus, the Middle East and South Asia. This influence may furthermore be expanding as a result of the weakening of Iraq and Lebanon, divisions among the Palestinians, and the more general rise of the Shi&apos;i across the broader region. Add to this the ambiguous aims of Iran&apos;s nuclear programme and the shadow this has already thrown across the region, and the need to assess Iran&apos;s intentions accurately appears crucial. Here, Iran&apos;s past behavior may provide some help, especially when it comes to Iran&apos;s proclivity for risk taking - provided the acquisition of a nuclear capability does not alter Iran&apos;s intentions or behavior so as to make the past irrelevant. Some commentators believe that Iran&apos;s ideology and past behaviour suggest that a nuclear-capable Iran will be inclined to take on a high level of risk, without concern for the potential costs of this recklessness, and that Iran may perhaps even welcome the risks involved. By contrast, the recent National Intelligence Estimate (NIE), a composite of US intelligence agency estimates, has concluded that Iran&apos;s &apos;decisions are guided by a cost-benefit approach&apos; and therefore &apos;may be more vulnerable to influence&apos; than they had previously (i.e.2005) judged. These

Nuclear waste disposal. A wicked and highly conflict bearing societal problem; Nukleare Entsorgung. Ein &apos;'wicked'&apos; und hoechst konfliktbehaftetes Gesellschaftsproblem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brunnengraeber, Achim; Mez, Lutz [Freie Univ. Berlin (Germany). Forschungszentrum fuer Umweltpolitik; Di Nucci, Maria Rosaria; Schreuers, Miranda [Freie Univ. Berlin (Germany)

2012-12-15

The final disposal of nuclear wastes is called &apos;'messy'&apos; or &apos;'wicked'&apos; in the political science literature. The highly complicated problems are characterized by a number of features such as intra- and inter-generational aspects and ethical questions. In the case of stakeholders the differences concern ideologies, interests, merits and preferences that cause conflicts. The search for solutions is complicated due to interacting political, social, ecologic, economic and technical aspects. The concepts &apos;&apos;wicked problems&apos;&apos; and &apos;'multi-level-governance'&apos; are promising approaches to solve the complicated situation.

Superficies in the form of the right to superpose

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simona CHIRICĂ

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to present the current legal framework related to the superficies right in the form of the right to superpose, and especially to draw the attention and put certain question marks regarding the actuality or even the urgency of the need for regulation regarding the right to superpose. First, as a preliminary aspect, in order to emphasize the historical evolution of the superficies right, we will briefly present the development of this concept starting from the Roman law up to the present date. Second, by analysing the relevant legislation, the doctrine and the jurisprudence, the authors set themselves to present the main methods for constituting the superficies right. Third, the characteristics related to the right to superpose will be correlatively laid out. Fourth, the possibility to obtain a building permit on the basis of the right to superpose will also be analysed. Fifth, the recently entered-into-force legislative framework regarding the registration of the right to superpose and of the building thus erected is presented. Last but not least, the conclusions of this paper are presented, highlighting the necessity for more clearly defined rules regulating the legal status of the right to superpose, in order to avoid any confusions and inconsistencies in practice.

Estudio comparativo de la rugosidad superficial en cerámicas de ultra baja fusión

OpenAIRE

Ccahuana Vásquez, Vanessa Zulema; Leite de Oliveira Morais, Andréia Alves; Sussumu Nishioka, Renato; Tomomitsu Kimpara, Estevão

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la rugosidad superficial en cerámicas de baja y ultra baja fusión, después del pulido mecánico y exposición a un medio corrosivo in vitro. El análisis de la superficie (Ra) fue realizado con un rugosímetro. Se confeccionaron 72 discos, divididos en cuatro grupos según el sistema cerámico utilizado: VitadurAplha (G1), Titankeramik (G2), HeraCeram (G3) y Finesse (G4), y según el tratamiento de superficie: (A) especímenes sin tratamiento de superficie. (B...

Pneumodissection for skin protection in image-guided cryoablation of superficial musculoskeletal tumours.

Science.gov (United States)

Maybody, Majid; Tang, Peter Q; Moskowitz, Chaya S; Hsu, Meier; Yarmohammadi, Hooman; Boas, F Edward

2017-03-01

Pneumodissection is described as a simple method for preventing skin injury during cryoablation of superficial musculoskeletal tumours. Superficial tumour cryoablations performed from 2009 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Pneumodissection was performed in 13 patients when the shortest tumour-skin distance was less than 25 mm. Indications were pain palliation (n = 9) and local tumour control (n = 4). Patients, target tumours, technical characteristics and complications up to 60 days post ablation were reviewed. The ice ball-skin distances with and without pneumodissection were compared by a paired t-test and further assessed for association with covariates using ANCOVA. Technical success for ablation was 12 of 13. The mean shortest tumour-skin distance was 15.0 mm (3.2-24.5 mm). The mean thickness of pneumodissection was 9.6 mm (5.2-16.6 mm) resulting in mean elevation of skin of 3.4 mm (1.2-5.3 mm). Mean shortest ice ball-skin distance after pneumodissection was 10.5 mm (4.2-19.7 mm). No infection or systemic air embolism was noted. No intraprocedural frostbite was observed. Pneumodissection is feasible, effective and safe in protecting the skin during image-guided cryoablation of superficial tumours. • Frostbite during image-guided cryoablation of superficial tumours is commonly under-reported. • Frostbites are painful and may introduce infection into the superficial ablation zone. • Warm compress, saline and CO 2 have shortcomings in protecting the skin. • Pneumodissection is free, readily available, easy to use and safe and effective.

Arteriogrpahic findings of Buerger&apos;s disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oh, Ki Kun; Suh, Jung Ho; Park, Chang Yun; Choi, Byung Sook [Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1973-04-15

In 1908, Leo Buerger impressed by the occurrence of gangrene in a mumber of young men, delineated in this group certain feature, and he termed thromboangiitis obliterans. Distal arterial occlusive disease and/or recurrent superficial thrombophlebitis occurring in an adult male smoker, in the absence of known cause, constitutes a distinctive and unmistakable syndrome. It is very hard to differentiate TAO from AO (arteriosclerosis obliterans) as a result of recent careful morphologic and angiographic studies. That has been reevaluated entity known generally as Buerger&apos;s disease. Even, several American workers have suggested that Buerger&apos;s disease is not a definite clinical entity and now consider arteriosclerosis as the principal cause of chronic occlusive disease of peripheral arteries. The disease is characterized by: onset in the third and fourth decade of life: preponderant frequency in males; insidious progression; disproportionate amount of rest pain in relation to the objective signs of ischemia; a virtually invariable association with use of nicotine; involvement of distal small and medium sized arteries of the lower and; less commonly, of the upper extremity; frequent coexistence of thrombophlebitis; inflammatory and thrombotic changes in the affected arteries; and distinctive patterns of anatomical distribution of the pathological lesion giving distinctive angiographic images. There should be an absence of detectable cardiac or cerebral vascular disease, peripheral vascular calcification, hyperlipidaemia, hypercholesterolemia, disbetes mellitus, cervical ribs, scalenus anticus syndrome, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythromatosus, or periarteritis nodosa. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the clinically and pathologically confirmed 28 cases in Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine in Severance Hospital after excluding other causes followed by chest X-ray, EKG, blood chemistry, and urinalysis. The results are: 1. Almost (86

Use your eyes - metallographic versus superficial traces of the crafting of Bronze Age ornaments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørgaard, Heide Wrobel

and superficial archaeological examinations can be used to understand prehistoric craft. Furthermore, it will show that with an intensive knowledge about previous scientific investigations the superficial traces preserved can reveal a great amount of information and could talk for themselves. Taking as an example...... the early and middle Bronze Age bronze ornaments from North Germany, superficial traces of the metal crafting process, visible with the naked eye, will be compared with metallographic images. The aim of this presentation is to give an overview over the crafting traces everybody could see (with a bit...

What do we mean by the word &apos;'Shock'&apos;?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Runnels, Scott Robert

2015-01-01

From one vantage point, a shock is a continuous but drastic change in state variables that occurs over very small time and length scales. These scales and associated changes in state variables can be measured experimentally. From another vantage point, a shock is a mathematical singularity consisting of instantaneous changes in state variables. This more mathematical view gives rise to analytical solutions to idealized problems. And from a third vantage point, a shock is a structure in a hydrocode prediction. Its width depends on the simulation&apos;s grid resolution and artificial viscosity. These three vantage points can be in conflict when ideas from the associated fields are combined, and yet combining them is an important goal of an integrated modeling program. This presentation explores an example of how models for real materials in the presence of real shocks react to a hydrocode&apos;s numerical shocks of finite width. The presentation will include an introduction to plasticity for the novice, an historical view of plasticity algorithms, a demonstration of how pursuing the meaning of &apos;'shock'&apos; has resulted in hydrocode improvements, and will conclude by answering some of the questions that arise from that pursuit. After the technical part of the presentation, a few slides advertising LANL&apos;s Computational Physics Student Summer Workshop will be shown.

&apos;Green Isle&apos; on the &apos;Red Isle&apos;. The gasometer in Berlin becomes a centre of the &apos;European Energy Forum&apos;; &apos;Gruene Insel&apos; auf der &apos;Roten Insel&apos;. Der Berliner Gasometer wird zum Zentrum des &apos;Europaeischen Energie Forums&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meyer, Ulf

2013-06-01

If the ARD political talk show with Guenther Jauch starts on Sunday night after the crime thriller, only few viewers know that they are tele-guests on the former gasometer site in Berlin-Schoeneberg. Currently, this site is being transformed into an environmentally friendly campus called the &apos;European Energy Forum&apos; (EUREF). According to the will of the owner and architect Reinhard Mueller, the campus will become the largest CO{sub 2} neutral office and business location in Europe. Totally 600 million Euro will be invested. All new buildings should be ecological &apos;green buildings&apos; and received the LEED Gold certification.

Design of the fuel element &apos;snow-flake&apos; in uranium oxide, canned with aluminium, for the experimental reactor EL 3 (1960); Etude d&apos;un element combustible en oxyde d&apos;uranium gaine d&apos;aluminium, type &apos;&apos;cristal de neige&apos;&apos; pour la pile EL 3 (1960)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gauthron, M.; Guibert, B. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

This report sums up the main studies have been carried out on the fuel element &apos;Snowflake&apos; (uranium oxide, canned with aluminium), designed to replace the present element of the experimental reactor EL3 in order to increase the reactivity without modifying the neutron flux/thermal power ratio. (author) [French] Ce rapport resume les principales etudes qui ont ete faites sur l&apos;element combustible &apos;Cristal de Neige&apos; (a oxyde d&apos;uranium, gaine d&apos;aluminium) destine a remnlacer l&apos;element actuel du reacteur experimental EL3, afin d&apos;en augmenter la reactivite sans modifier le rapport flux neutronique-puissance thermique. (auteur)

Intravesical Gemcitabine for Treatment of Superficial Bladder ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objectives: Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is the mainstay of treatment and prophylaxis in superficial bladder cancer (SBC) as it reduces tumor recurrence and disease progression. About one-third of patients do not respond to BCG. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of intravesical ...

Chamber transport of &apos;'foot'&apos; pulses for heavy-ion fusion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharp, W.M.; Callahan-Miller, D.A.; Tabak, M.; Yu, S.S.; Peterson, P.F.

2002-02-20

Indirect-drive targets for heavy-ion fusion must initially be heated by &apos;'foot'&apos; pulses that precede the main heating pulses by tens of nanoseconds. These pulses typically have a lower energy and perveance than the main pulses, and the fusion-chamber environment is different from that seen by later pulses. The preliminary particle-in-cell simulations of foot pulses here examine the sensitivity of the beam focusing to ion-beam perveance, background-gas density, and pre-neutralization by a plasma near the chamber entry port.

Development and utilization of a mechanical barrier for large-calibre cavern necks. The &apos;&apos;Spider Plug&apos;&apos;; Entwicklung und Einsatz einer mechanischen Absperrung fuer grosskalibrige Kavernenhaelse. Der &apos;&apos;Spider Plug&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pfeifer, K.; Maut, D. [UGS GmbH, Mittenwalde (Germany)

2013-08-01

An hydraulic separation of a well and the cavern can be necessary for different workover applications, e.g. casing milling or underreaming. The separation is needed to ensure a mud circulation during such operations. In that case a barrier is set after flooding the cavern, which will then be used as a mechanical abutment for the cement bridge. If the diameter of the cavern neck has been enlarged due to e.g. unwanted leaching processes or unstabilized underreaming processes, it might get impossible to set a standard plug with the available technologies into those diameters. Therefore UGS GmbH has developed a mechanical plug, which is set hydraulically. The so called &apos;Spider Plug&apos; is used as basis for a cement bridge and can be removed by drilling after the workover has been done. Depending on the dimension of the setting tool a cavern neck up to 50&apos;&apos; diameter can be plugged by the &apos;Spider Plug&apos;. Up to now a number of successful operations on different locations has shown, that the &apos;Spider Plug&apos; is a practicable and cost-efficient solution for a mechanical abutment of large cavern necks. (orig.)

Three ways to storage solution. &apos;&apos;Lead or Lithium?&apos;&apos;. This is not the only basic issue in a storage system; Drei Wege zur Speicherloesung. &apos;&apos;Blei oder Lithium?&apos;&apos; Dies ist nicht die einzige Grundsatzfrage bei einem Speichersystem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welter, Philippe; Siemer, Jochen

2013-06-15

The number of solar power storage systems offered is now in the hundreds, if one includes all possible product combinations. We show in the following pages a selection of examples of typical solutions, which are by the KfW program &apos;&apos;Renewable Energy - Storage&apos;&apos; eligible&apos;&apos;. With various modifications, they can be divided into three groups: battery inverter with built-in storage, external storage on the DC side of the PV system and stand-alone systems on AC power. [German] Die Zahl der angebotenen Solarstromspeichersysteme geht mittlerweile in die Hunderte, wenn man alle moeglichen Produktkombinationen einbezieht. Wir zeigen auf den folgenden Seiten eine exemplarische Auswahl an typischen Loesungen, die mittels KfW-Programm &apos;&apos;Erneuerbare Energien - Speicher&apos;&apos; foerderfaehig sind. Mit diversen Modifikationen lassen sie sich in drei Gruppen einteilen: Akkuwechselrichter mit integriertem Speicher, externe Speicher an der Gleichstromseite der Photovoltaikanlage und Stand-alone-Systeme am Wechselstromnetz.

Efectividad del láser de baja intensidad en el control de la hipersensibilidad dentrinaria

OpenAIRE

Gomez, Nadia; Garcia, Karen; Herrera, Helen de; Herrera, Henry

2008-01-01

La hipersensibilidad dentinaria se define "un dolor breve y agudo que se origina en la dentina expuesta como respuesta a los estímulos típicos como los térmicos, evaporativos, táctiles, osmóticos o químicos que no pueden ser atribuidos a otra patología dental

Energy saving retrofitting of a prefabricated panel construction kinder-garden - demonstration project &apos;'Plappersnut'&apos; in Wismar.; Energetische Sanierung einer Kindertagesstaette in Plattenbauweise - Demonstrationsbauvorhaben &apos;'Plappersnut'&apos; in Wismar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wollensak, Heidi [Institut fuer Gebaeude + Energie + Licht Planung, Alter Holzhafen 19, 23966 Wismar (Germany); Wollensak, Martin [Hochschule Wismar, FG Baukonstruktion und Baustofftechnik (Germany); Roemhild, Thomas [Hochschule Wismar, FG Entwerfen, Gebaeude- Klima- und Lichtplanung (Germany); Mainka, Georg-Wilhelm; Winkler, Heiko [Lehrstuhl fuer Baukonstruktionen und Bauphysik, Institut fuer Bauingenieurwesen, Universitaet Rostock (Germany)

2005-12-01

The project &apos;&apos;kindergarten Plappersnut&apos;&apos; in Wismar focuses on cutting the energy consumption of the in 1972 build prefabricated plate construction down to one third by mainly 3 means: - improving the relation between building volume and outside surface by replacing the corridor building between the two main wings with a light membrane roof, covering the whole space, - eliminating energy loss through the building structure by coating the whole building with different isolation systems, - replacing all of the technical installation under the aspects of ecological energy supply and energy retrieving systems. The project was classed as a demonstration project of the EnSan-Program, supported by the German Ministry for Economy and Technology. (Abstract Copyright [2005], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.) [German] Das Sanierungsprojekt der 1972 in Plattenbauweise errichteten Kita &apos;'Plappersnut'&apos; stand im Zeichen der Reduzierung des Energiebedarfs auf ein Drittel durch drei wesentliche Massnahmen: - Verbesserung des Verhaeltnisses Gebaeudevolumen zu Aussenwandflaeche durch Entfernung der Verbindungsgaenge zwischen beiden Gebaeudeteilen und Ueberdachung des entstehenden Hofes mit einem Membrandach, - Verminderung der Energieverluste durch die Gebaeudehuelle mit Hilfe verschiedener Waermedaemm-Massnahmen, - Ersatz der gesamten Gebaeudetechnik durch energiesparende Systeme und unter Einsatz von erneuerbaren Energien. Das Projekt wurde im Rahmen des EnSan-Programms vom Bundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft und Technologie gefoerdert. (Abstract Copyright [2005], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Corrosion inhibition of magnesium heated in wet air, by surface fluoridation; Inhibition de la corrosion du magnesium chauffe dans l&apos;air humide, par fluoruration superficielle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caillat, R.; Darras, R.; Leclercq, D. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

The maximum temperature (350 deg. C) of magnesium corrosion resistance in wet air may be raised to 490-500 deg. C by the formation of a superficial fluoride film. This can be obtained by two different ways: either by addition of hydrofluoric acid to the corroding medium in a very small proportion such as 0,003 mg/litre; at atmospheric pressure, or by dipping the magnesium in a dilute aqueous solution of nitric and hydrofluoric acids at room temperature before exposing it to the corroding atmosphere. In both cases the corrosion inhibition is effective over a very long time, even several thousand hours. (author) [French] La temperature limite (350 deg. C) de resistance du magnesium a la corrosion par l&apos;air humide, peut etre elevee jusque 490-500 deg. C par la formation d&apos;une couche fluoruree superficielle. Deux procedes permettent d&apos;obtenir ce resultat: l&apos;atmosphere corrodante peut etre additionnee d&apos;acide fluorhydrique a une concentration aussi faible que 0,003 mg/litre, a la pression atmospherique, ou bien le magnesium peut etre traite a froid, avant exposition a la corrosion, dans une solution aqueuse diluee d&apos;acides nitrique et fluorhydrique. Dans les deux cas, la protection est assuree, meme pour de tres longues durees d&apos;exposition: plusieurs milliers d&apos;heures. (auteur)

Vascular patterns of upper limb: an anatomical study with accent on superficial brachial artery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Kachlik

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of the study was to evaluate the terminal segmentation of the axillary artery and to present four cases of anomalous branching of the axillary artery, the superficial brachial artery (arteria brachialis superficialis, which is defined as the brachial artery that runs superficially to the median nerve. Totally, 130 cadaveric upper arms embalmed by classical formaldehyde technique from collections of the Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, were macroscopically dissected with special focus on the branching arrangement of the axillary artery. The most distal part of the axillary artery (infrapectoral part terminated in four cases as a bifurcation into two terminal branches: the superficial brachial artery and profunda brachii artery, denominated according to their relation to the median nerve. The profunda brachii artery primarily gave rise to the main branches of the infrapectoral part of the axillary artery. The superficial brachial artery descended to the cubital fossa where it assumed the usual course of the brachial artery in two cases and in the other two cases its branches (the radial and ulnar arteries passed superficially to the flexors. The incidence of the superficial brachial artery in our study was 5% of cases. The reported incidence is a bit contradictory, from 0.12% to 25% of cases. The anatomical knowledge of the axillary region is of crucial importance for neurosurgeons and specialists using the radiodiagnostic techniques, particularly in cases involving traumatic injuries. The improved knowledge would allow more accurate diagnostic interpretations and surgical treatment.

Superficial evolution and compacting aptitude of uranium dioxide powders

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Danroc, J.

1982-04-01

Long term storage of UO 2 powder improves slightly shaping and solidity of compacted powder. The aim of this work is the study of material evolution and the increase of this evolution rate for application to industrial fabrication. Aging in wet air at different temperatures is examined. Evolution of texture and superficial composition is followed. Below 80 0 C UO 3 , 2H 2 O is formed at crystal surface and thermal decomposition gives different hydrates. Kinetics of the transformation is studied. Oxidohydratation in liquid phase is rapid with hydrogen peroxide. The aged or treated material is compacted and mechanical behaviour is examined. Improvement is explained by inter-layer water molecule of the superficial hydrate giving lubricant and pseudo-plastic properties [fr

Inorganic profile of some Brazilian medicinal plants obtained from ethanolic extract and &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; samples

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, M.O.M.; de Sousa, P.T.; Salvador, V.L.R.; Sato, I.M.

2004-10-03

The Anadenathera macrocarpa, Schinus molle, Hymenaea courbaril, Cariniana legalis, Solidago microglossa and Stryphnodendron barbatiman, were collected &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; samples (leaves, flowers, barks and seeds) from different commercial suppliers. The pharmaco-active compounds in ethanolic extracts had been made by the Mato Grosso Federal University (UFMT). The energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry was used for the elemental analysis in different parts of the plants and respective ethanolic extracts. The Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Rb, S, Sr and Zn concentrations were determined by the fundamental parameters method. Some specimens showed a similar inorganic profile for &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; and ethanolic extract samples and some ones showed a distinct inorganic profile. For example, the Anadenathera macrocarpa showed a similar concentration in Mg, P, Cu, Zn and Rb elements in &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; and ethanolic extract samples; however very different concentration in Na, S, Cl, K , Ca, Mn, Fe and Sr was observed in distinctive samples. The Solidago microglossa showed the K, Ca, Cl, S, Mg, P and Fe elements as major constituents in both samples, suggesting that the extraction process did not affect in a considerable way the &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; inorganic composition. The elemental composition of the different parts of the plants (leaves, flowers, barks and seeds) has been also determined. For example, the Schinus molle specimen showed P, K, Cl and Ca elements as major constituents in the seeds, Mg, K and Sr in the barks and Mg, S, Cl and Mn in the leaves, demonstrating a differentiated elementary distribution. These inorganic profiles will contribute to evaluate the quality control of the Brazilian herbaceous trade and also will assist to identify which parts of the medicinal plants has greater therapeutic effect.

Caracterizacion dosimetrica del equipo de Terapia Superficial Therapax del Hospital Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernui De Vivanco, Maria Giselle; Rojas Rivas, Jorge; Cardenas Retuerto, Augusto

2007-01-01

The Servicio de Radioterapia of the Hospital Mexico in San Jose, Costa Rica has a Superficial Therapy equipment Therapax model DXT 300. It describes the measurements for the dosimetric characterization of the configurations 100 kVp, 25 mA and filter of 2.4 mm of Al, and 250 kVp, 10 mA and filter of 2.5 mm of Cu, taking into account that the uncertainties in the measurements of the superficial therapy equipment are higher than in the rank of the megavoltage [es

Comportamiento a fatiga del acero sae 4140 usando alta rugosidad superficial y ambiente corrosivo

OpenAIRE

CEBALLOS, WILSON FERNANDO; GÓMEZ, ADOLFO LEÓN; CORONADO, JOHN JAIRO

2010-01-01

En este artículo se presenta el estudio del comportamiento a fatiga del acero SAE 4140 en condiciones diferentes: superficie pulida (acabado espejo), ambiente corrosivo (jugo de caña de azúcar), alta rugosidad superficial (superficie equivalente a la encontrada típicamente en los ejes de molino de caña) y una condición que involucra la combinación de las dos últimas. Las anteriores condiciones están presentes en los ejes de maza de molino de caña de azúcar durante el proceso de molienda. Se r...

COMPORTAMIENTO A FATIGA DEL ACERO SAE 4140 USANDO ALTA RUGOSIDAD SUPERFICIAL Y AMBIENTE CORROSIVO

OpenAIRE

CEBALLOS, WILSON FERNANDO; GÓMEZ, ADOLFO LEÓN; CORONADO, JOHN JAIRO

2010-01-01

En este artículo se presenta el estudio del comportamiento a fatiga del acero SAE 4140 en condiciones diferentes: superficie pulida (acabado espejo), ambiente corrosivo (jugo de caña de azúcar), alta rugosidad superficial (superficie equivalente a la encontrada típicamente en los ejes de molino de caña) y una condición que involucra la combinación de las dos últimas. Las anteriores condiciones están presentes en los ejes de maza de molino de caña de azúcar durante el proceso de molienda. Se r...

Isolated core vs. superficial cooling effects on virtual maze navigation.

Science.gov (United States)

Payne, Jennifer; Cheung, Stephen S

2007-07-01

Cold impairs cognitive performance and is a common occurrence in many survival situations. Altered behavior patterns due to impaired navigation abilities in cold environments are potential problems in lost-person situations. We investigated the separate effects of low core temperature and superficial cooling on a spatially demanding virtual navigation task. There were 12 healthy men who were passively cooled via 15 degrees C water immersion to a core temperature of 36.0 degrees C, then transferred to a warm (40 degrees C) water bath to eliminate superficial shivering while completing a series of 20 virtual computer mazes. In a control condition, subjects rested in a thermoneutral (approximately 35 degrees C) bath for a time-matched period before being transferred to a warm bath for testing. Superficial cooling and distraction were achieved by whole-body immersion in 35 degree water for a time-matched period, followed by lower leg immersion in 10 degree C water for the duration of the navigational tests. Mean completion time and mean error scores for the mazes were not significantly different (p > 0.05) across the core cooling (16.59 +/- 11.54 s, 0.91 +/- 1.86 errors), control (15.40 +/- 8.85 s, 0.82 +/- 1.76 errors), and superficial cooling (15.19 +/- 7.80 s, 0.77 +/- 1.40 errors) conditions. Separately reducing core temperature or increasing cold sensation in the lower extremities did not influence performance on virtual computer mazes, suggesting that navigation is more resistive to cooling than other, simpler cognitive tasks. Further research is warranted to explore navigational ability at progressively lower core and skin temperatures, and in different populations.

Functional compartmentalization of the human superficial masseter muscle.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo A Guzmán-Venegas

Full Text Available Some muscles have demonstrated a differential recruitment of their motor units in relation to their location and the nature of the motor task performed; this involves functional compartmentalization. There is little evidence that demonstrates the presence of a compartmentalization of the superficial masseter muscle during biting. The aim of this study was to describe the topographic distribution of the activity of the superficial masseter (SM muscle's motor units using high-density surface electromyography (EMGs at different bite force levels. Twenty healthy natural dentate participants (men: 4; women: 16; age 20±2 years; mass: 60±12 kg, height: 163±7 cm were selected from 316 volunteers and included in this study. Using a gnathodynamometer, bites from 20 to 100% maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF were randomly requested. Using a two-dimensional grid (four columns, six electrodes located on the dominant SM, EMGs in the anterior, middle-anterior, middle-posterior and posterior portions were simultaneously recorded. In bite ranges from 20 to 60% MVBF, the EMG activity was higher in the anterior than in the posterior portion (p-value = 0.001.The center of mass of the EMG activity was displaced towards the posterior part when bite force increased (p-value = 0.001. The topographic distribution of EMGs was more homogeneous at high levels of MVBF (p-value = 0.001. The results of this study show that the superficial masseter is organized into three functional compartments: an anterior, a middle and a posterior compartment. However, this compartmentalization is only seen at low levels of bite force (20-60% MVBF.

[Occupational trauma due to superficial corneal foreign body].

Science.gov (United States)

Gerente, Vanessa Miroski; Melo, Gustavo Barreto de; Regatieri, Caio Vinícius Saito; Alvarenga, Lênio Souza; Martins, Elizabeth Nogueira

2008-01-01

To evaluate the epidemiology of superficial corneal foreign body. Patients who were seen at the Emergency Service of the Federal University of São Paulo, from April/05 to June/05, were screened and those with superficial corneal foreign body were interviewed. Data regarding gender, age, occupation, employment status, availability and use of protective devices and supervision of their use were collected. Awareness of the possible complications was also assessed. Results were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher exact test. One hundred twenty-three patients were interviewed. Only 3 patients were female. The mean age was 36 years. Most injuries occurred at the workplace (86.2%), and 58.4% of the patients did not have a legal employment registration. The occupational activities most frequently reported were construction related activities (44.3%) and welding/soldering (11.3%). In most workplaces (79.8%) protective devices were available and 85.3% of the patients were instructed to use them. A safety device was being used during the accident in 34.2% of the cases and this was more frequent among patients that had legal employment registry (p=0.008) and among those under supervision (p=0.0415). The majority of the patients (68.9%) were aware of the risk of severe complications. Most patients with superficial corneal foreign body are aware of its severe complications and injuries usually occur in places where safety devices are available and often during their use. Our findings suggest that prevention should focus on supervision and correct use of safety devices.

Proceedings of the DGMK-conference &apos;Synthesis gas chemistry&apos;. Authors&apos; manuscripts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoenicke, D.; Kohlpaintner, C.; Luecke, B.; Reschetilowski, W. [eds.

2000-07-01

The main topics of the DGMK-Conference &apos;&apos;Synthesis Gas Chemistry&apos;&apos; were: production of synthesis gas from several educts, new catalysts, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, hydroformylation, steam reforming and carbonylation.

Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal

OpenAIRE

Khadka, Sundar; Sherchand, Jeevan Bahadur; Pokharel, Dinesh Binod; Pokhrel, Bharat Mani; Mishra, Shyam Kumar; Dhital, Subhash; Rijal, Basista

2016-01-01

Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal. Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from Janua...

Improvement in remote sensing of low vegetation cover in arid regions by correcting vegetation indices for soil &apos;'noise'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Escadafal, R.; Huete, A.

1991-01-01

The variations of near-infrared red reflectance ratios of ten aridic soil samples were correlated with a &apos;&apos;redness index&apos;&apos; computed from red and green spectral bands. These variations have been shown to limit the performances of vegetation indices (NDVI and SAVI) in discriminating low vegetation covers. The redness index is used to adjust for this &apos;&apos;soil noise&apos;&apos;. Dala simulated for vegetation densities of 5 to 15% cover showed that the sensitivity of the corrected vegetation indices was significantly improved. Specifically, the &apos;'noise-corrected'&apos; SAVI was able to assess vegetation amounts with an error four times smaller than the uncorrected NDVI. These promising results should lead to a significant improvement in assessing biomass in arid lands from remotely sensed data. (author) [fr

Topographical anatomy of superficial veins, cutaneous nerves, and arteries at venipuncture sites in the cubital fossa.

Science.gov (United States)

Mikuni, Yuko; Chiba, Shoji; Tonosaki, Yoshikazu

2013-01-01

We investigated correlations among the superficial veins, cutaneous nerves, arteries, and venous valves in 128 cadaveric arms in order to choose safe venipuncture sites in the cubital fossa. The running patterns of the superficial veins were classified into four types (I-IV) and two subtypes (a and b). In types I and II, the median cubital vein (MCV) was connected obliquely between the cephalic and basilic veins in an N-shape, while the median antebrachial vein (MAV) opened into the MCV in type I and into the basilic vein in type II. In type III, the MCV did not exist. In type IV, additional superficial veins above the cephalic and basilic veins were developed around the cubital fossa. In types Ib-IVb, the accessory cephalic vein was developed under the same conditions as seen in types Ia-IVa, respectively. The lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm descended deeply along the cephalic vein in 124 cases (97 %), while the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm descended superficially along the basilic vein in 94 (73 %). A superficial brachial artery was found in 27 cases (21 %) and passed deeply under the ulnar side of the MCV. A median superficial antebrachial artery was found in 1 case (1 %), which passed deeply under the ulnar side of the MCV and ran along the MAV. Venous valves were found at 239 points in 28 cases with superficial veins, with a single valve seen at 79 points (33 %) and double valves at 160 points (67 %). At the time of intravenous injection, caution is needed regarding the locations of cutaneous nerves, brachial and superficial brachial arteries, and venous valves. The area ranging from the middle segment of the MCV to the confluence between the MCV and cephalic vein appears to be a relatively safe venipuncture site.

Les Houches &apos;&apos;Physics at TeV Colliders 2003&apos;&apos; Beyond the Standard Model Working Group: Summary Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Allanach, B

2004-03-01

The work contained herein constitutes a report of the &apos;&apos;Beyond the Standard Model&apos;&apos; working group for the Workshop &apos;&apos;Physics at TeV Colliders&apos;&apos;, Les Houches, France, 26 May-6 June, 2003. The research presented is original, and was performed specifically for the workshop. Tools for calculations in the minimal supersymmetric standard model are presented, including a comparison of the dark matter relic density predicted by public codes. Reconstruction of supersymmetric particle masses at the LHC and a future linear collider facility is examined. Less orthodox supersymmetric signals such as non-pointing photons and R-parity violating signals are studied. Features of extra dimensional models are examined next, including measurement strategies for radions and Higgs&apos;, as well as the virtual effects of Kaluza Klein modes of gluons. Finally, there is an update on LHC Z&apos; studies.

Managment of superficial infantile capillary hemangiomas with topical timolol maleate solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Rizvi, Syed Ali Raza; Yusuf, Faraz; Sharma, Rajeev; Rizvi, Syed Wajahat Ali

2015-01-01

Capillary hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of eyelids and orbit in children. Recently, a topical beta blocker has been reported as an effective treatment for superficial capillary hemangiomas. We present a case report of two children having large capillary hemangiomas who responded well to topical treatment by 0.5% timolol maleate solution. After 12 months of treatment, the lesion has significantly reduced in size, thickness, and color in both cases. Thus, we conclude that long-term use of topical 0.5% timolol maleate solution is safe and effective in treating superficial capillary hemangiomas.

Biological effect and tumor risk of diagnostic x-rays. The &apos;&apos;war of the theories&apos;&apos;; Biologische Wirkung und Tumorrisiko diagnostischer Roentgenstrahlen. Der &apos;&apos;Krieg der Modelle&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Selzer, E.; Hebar, A. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien, Abteilung fuer Strahlenbiologie, Klinik fuer Strahlentherapie, Wien (Austria)

2012-10-15

Since the introduction of ionizing radiation as a treatment and diagnostic tool in humans, scientists have been trying to estimate its side effects and potential health risks. There is now ample evidence for the principal existence of a direct relationship between higher doses and the risks of side effects. Most of the uncertainties lie in the field of low-dose effects especially with respect to the risk of cancer induction. Low-dose effects are usually of relevance in diagnostic medicine while high-dose radiation effects are typically observed after radiotherapeutic treatment for cancer or after nuclear accidents. The current state of the &apos;&apos;war of theories&apos;&apos; may be summarized as follows: one group of scientists and health regulatory officials favors the hypothesis that there is no threshold dose, i.e. the linear-no-threshold hypothesis (LNT) of radiation which can be regarded as safe. On the contrary, the critics of this hypothesis suggest that the risks of doses below 50 mSv are not measurable or even of clinical relevance and are not adequately described by a linear dose-response relationship. The aim of this article is to summarize the major unresolved issues in this field. Arguments are presented why the validity of the LNT model in the low-dose range should be regarded as at least inconsistent and is thus questionable. (orig.) [German] Seit der Einfuehrung ionisierender Strahlen als ein Mittel zur Behandlung und Diagnose beim Menschen haben Wissenschaftler versucht, ihre Nebenwirkungen und potenziellen Risiken fuer die Gesundheit einzuschaetzen. Es gibt nun ausreichende Evidenz fuer das grundsaetzliche Vorliegen einer direkten Beziehung zwischen hoeheren Dosen und Nebenwirkungsrisiken. Die meisten Unsicherheiten liegen auf dem Gebiet der Niedrigdosisforschung v. a. im Hinblick auf das Risiko der Induktion von Krebs. Niedrigdosiseffekte sind ueblicherweise von Bedeutung in der diagnostischen Medizin, waehrend Hochdosisbestrahlungseffekte

Functional and morphological parameters with tissue characterization of cardiovascular magnetic imaging in clinically verified &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schwab, Johannes [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Cardiology and Radiology; Rogg, H.J.; Pauschinger, M.; Fessele, K. [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Cardiology; Bareiter, T.; Baer, I. [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Cardiology and Neuroradiology; Loose, R. [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Radiology

2016-04-15

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has increasingly proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating patients with suspected myocarditis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of functional and morphological parameters including tissue characterization in patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos;. 43 patients with clinically verified cases of &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos; (median time to MRI scanning after admission for acute symptoms 3 days) and 35 control patients matched by age and sex were included in this retrospective case control study. In this study we used a 1.5 T MRI scanner conducting steady-state-free-precession sequences, T2-weighted imaging, T1-weighted imaging before and after contrast administration and late gadolinium enhancement sequences. According to the recommendations for CMR diagnosis of myocarditis (Lake Louise consensus criteria), a scan was positive for acute myocarditis if 2 of 3 CMR criteria were present. 30 % of the patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos; had a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, 11 % had an increased LV end-diastolic volume index and 35 % had an increased LV mass index. The sensitivity of wall motion abnormalities was 63 % with a regional distribution in 49 %. In 47 % of cases regional wall motion abnormalities were present in the lateral left ventricular segments. Pericardial effusions were discovered in 65 % of cases with a circular appearance in 21 % and focal manifestation in 44 %. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CMR in patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos; were 67 %, 100 % and 82 %, respectively. The LGE alone was the most sensitive test parameter with 86 %, providing a specificity of 100 % and accuracy of 92 %. Our study results can be applied to the subgroup of patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos;, where we found that LGE alone was the

Design Concept of a Seal-off Type 14 MeV Neutron Generator of 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;1n/s Range

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In, S. R.; Oh, B. H. [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-05-15

The total neutron fluence during the life time is expected to be around 10MW·yr/m&apos;&apos;2 which may cause a damage of -100 dpa in materials. To estimate the adaptability of candidate materials in a few years, a 14MeV neutron source with a flux level of 3 - 5 x 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;8 n/s·m&apos;&apos;2, which is the goal of the IFMIF facility costing more than ¤1000M, is necessitated. The problem in making an intense neutron generator of beam target type is really not on the neutron production rate, but on the huge heat generated in the target, because the fusion power is only one of thousands of beam power exerted on the target. We have a plan to develop neutron generators step by step from a 10&apos;&apos;8 n/s level. The final goal is establishing a 14MeV neutron irradiation facility at 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;4 intensity level.. Up to the 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;0 n/s level, there occurs basically no critical thermal problem, because beam power density is in the range of tens W/cm&apos;&apos;2. The neutron generator designed in a sealed-off type because of tritium safety is mainly composed of an ion source, target, reaction chamber, and getter pump.. The major design concepts for the neutron generator with the neutron production rate of 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;1 n/s range were presented. The specifications of the ion source, target and getter have been determined for attaining the goal of the neutron generation rate.

Effects of pressure drop and superficial velocity on the bubbling fluidized bed incinerator.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Feng-Jehng; Chen, Suming; Lei, Perng-Kwei; Wu, Chung-Hsing

2007-12-01

Since performance and operational conditions, such as superficial velocity, pressure drop, particles viodage, and terminal velocity, are difficult to measure on an incinerator, this study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to determine numerical solutions. The effects of pressure drop and superficial velocity on a bubbling fluidized bed incinerator (BFBI) were evaluated. Analytical results indicated that simulation models were able to effectively predict the relationship between superficial velocity and pressure drop over bed height in the BFBI. Second, the models in BFBI were simplified to simulate scale-up beds without excessive computation time. Moreover, simulation and experimental results showed that minimum fluidization velocity of the BFBI must be controlled in at 0.188-3.684 m/s and pressure drop was mainly caused by bed particles.

NDA National Graduate Programme &apos;nucleargraduates&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dawson, Carl

2010-07-01

The aim of this paper is to outline the NDA National Graduate Programme (nuclear graduates). The NDA has a remit under the Energy Act (2004) &apos;to maintain and develop the skills for decommissioning and nuclear clean-up&apos;. Although current research is now being reviewed, there is significant evidence to suggest that the age profile in the Site Licence Companies is skewed towards older workers and there is likely to be a skill shortage in 3-5 years. As nuclear clean-up is a national issue; skill shortages also become a national issue in a very real sense. In addition, evidence suggests that the industry needs to be constantly challenged in order to achieve its targets for decommissioning. The NDA has a unique position under the Act. It is both a strategic overseer and direct employer. To this end the &apos;National Graduate Programme&apos; is aligned to both the NDA&apos;s previous succession plans and the needs of the industry. Industry needs leadership that challenges the status quo and moves the UK nuclear industry to become best in class; Industry needs a dedicated to programme to address skills shortages and difficult to recruit areas such as, but not exclusively, estimators, schedulers, contract managers, site engineers, decommissioning technicians, safety monitors; The NDA has indicated a &apos;commercial and politically savvy&apos; cohort is required to meet its own internal challenges and to ensure sustainability in its own workforce, and to be sensitive to the needs of customers and suppliers alike; Need to create a more diversified workforce in the nuclear industry and also plan for new skills evolving from research and development breakthroughs; Need to ensure that Tier 1, 2, 3 and 4 contractors invest in the leadership and skills for the future. World Class - delivery will be benchmarked against UK based multinational companies who operate in a global graduate attraction and development marketplace. The graduates targeted will be from leading

&apos;Modernization property&apos; of our country is visualized / TAISEI; Wagakuni no &apos;kindaika isan&apos; wo eizoka / taiseisensetsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-11-10

TAISEI was about rapidly promoted from Days of the Tokugawa shogunate over Meiji and Taisho this, and the documentary film which focused on building and &apos;the modernization property&apos; which are related to industry and traffic and civil engineering which made the base of the our country development was planned and was produced. The title of the movie is &apos;travel to the Japan modernization property&apos;. The movie which really introduced such modern age property is rare, and it s as an image material precious. It tries to pick up main thing, The oldest lighthouse &apos;Mikomotojima Island lighthouse (Shizuoka Prefect.1870)&apos; and covers Shiga Prefecture and Kyoto prefecture,&apos;The Lake Biwa hydrophobic&apos;, in our country, the first gravitational concrete dam &apos;Nunobiki Gohnmatsu dam, Kobe City, 1900&apos;Length furnace for the cement baking which remains in Yamaguchi Prefect. &apos;The ONODA CEMENT (Pacific Ocean cement) sake bottle furnace&apos;. In becoming modernization property which widely remains in our country and so on the guide person, Mr. Shinbo Minami of the illustrator has introduced it. The narration is the Mr. platform step of the actress. Still, screening party of this movie is done in the following schedule (admission free). The detailed query is Japanese movie new Co. (141-0021 2-10-17 Kami-Osaki, Shinagawa ku, Tokyo), TEL 03-3442-7251 FAX 03-3442-7360. (translated by NEDO)

Criteria of transformation of object &apos;'Ukryttya'&apos; in environmentally safe system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batyij, V.G.; Jegorov, V.V.; Rud'ko, V.M.; Shcherbyin, V.M.

2015-01-01

The analysis of criteria of division of radioactive wastes (RAW) of object &apos;'Ukryttya'&apos; is executed on short-lived and long-lived, and their activity. It is shown that to short-lived RAW underactive belong and insignificant part of me-dium-activity waste. Hundreds of thousands of m3 of RAW on overhead marks belong to long-lived medium-activity wastes. Organization of burial place of such wastes in stable geological structures is an unrealistic task. It is suggested to create the special depository for such RAW, and buried in stable geological structures high-activity wastes only

From the &apos;PCR&apos; function to the &apos;PCR&apos; profession; de la fonction &apos;PCR&apos; au metier &apos;PCR&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perrin, L. [CERAP, 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France)

2008-07-01

After having recalled the legal context concerning the appointment and training of a radiation protection expert (PCR for &apos;personne competente en radioprotection&apos;), the author outlines that the PCR&apos;s role has notably evolved: his function is now of primary importance in the company and his activity does not correspond to the legal framework any longer. Moreover, with the application of a European directive, some small establishments possessing ionizing radiation sources are disadvantaged, and the PCR is now facing an increasing number of missions and tasks. The author gives a list of them and assesses a needed time of 146 days per year: this means PCRs cannot have an other activity within their company

&apos;Barreira ativa&apos;: a new concept of mitigation system dedicated to the environment; Barreira ativa: um novo conceito de mitigacao dedicado ao meio-ambiente

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Andre A. de; Camerini, Daniel A.; Ferreira, Rodrigo Carvalho; Lima, Vinicius de Carvalho [Pontificia Univ. Catolica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), RJ (Brazil); Reis, Ney Robinson Salvi dos [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2004-07-01

Oil spill in water environments (sea, lakes and rivers) causes big social, economic, and environmental impacts. Upon the techniques of contingency, the first providence adopted is the superficial confinement, using conventional containment booms. The Also available systems require complex logistic of installation, and generally do not obtain ideal indices of contention, besides that, they need subsequent phases of collect and handling the pollutant. We present a new concept, already patented, and developed specially for these situations of contingency - the &apos;Barreira Ativa&apos;. The innovative concept of this proposal is the collector system incorporated to the traditional booms. The pumping system is continuous and assembled to a series of lateral modules which offers the ability to recover and collect oil spill. Positioned in the oil spill region, it permits the pollutant capture that is pumped to special tanks. Thus, beyond it contains the oil advancement , Barreira Ativa also collects it. In this work we show the principle of operation, the field test results, discussing the efficacy and the future possibilities. Also we present a project for an automated system to mitigate oil spill in aquatic environments. The system integrates the Barreira Ativa with sensors and cameras to monitoring the area, and satellite communication. (author)

The best selled car. &apos;'Twizy'&apos; leads the sales statistics of electrically powered vehicles - a test report; Der Meistverkaufte. Renaults &apos;'Twizy'&apos; fuehrt die E-Mobil-Verkaufsstatistik an - ein Fahrbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welter, Philippe

2013-02-15

Four wheels, two seats, one steering wheel: What does it require more for a small, electrically powered city car? Nothing, says the manufacturer. Two side windows, that is our opinion. With a maximum speed of 80 kilometers per hour and a range of 100 kilometers, the vehicle is certainly ideal for many applications over short distances in the city. PHOTON now uses the &apos;'Twizy'&apos; for almost a year, and gained consistently good experiences.

Investigation of the behaviour of a LILW superficial repository under aircraft impact

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lo Frano, Rosa; Stefanini, Lorenzo

2016-01-01

Highlights: • Safety assessment of a LILW superficial repository. • Investigation of the consequences of an aircraft impact with fuel burning. • Experimental material properties. • Numerical simulation of aircraft impact with fuel burning accident by MSC.MARC"© code. • Demonstration that the overall integrity resulted is guaranteed. - Abstract: Safety and security are the two fundamental aspects to guarantee when designing a LILW superficial repository. Because of its safety concern, we have to prove, and build confidence in, the primary and secondary consequences of the crashing will be acceptable. These goals are obtained generally by means of safety assessment supported by calculations. This study is intended to investigate the performance of a superficial repository subjected to aircraft impact and fuel burning. To the purpose a superficial repository similar to that of El Cabril has been considered. Moreover to be confident the facility is safe and that the consequences of such a type of accident on the environment and humans are negligible, an appropriate safety assessment was carried out. The potential damage that aircraft impact could bring into the repository has been therefore analysed and discussed. To attain the intent load functions, calculated according to the Riera approach, and the maximum temperature reached by fuel during its combustion have been considered. FEM (thermo-mechanical) simulations have been done, by MSC"© Marc code, assuming damaging phenomena of concrete and material properties variation with the temperature. The obtained results showed that an empty superficial repository with a wall thickness, ranging from 0.7 to 1 m, is not sufficient to avoid penetration. Nevertheless even in presence of a reduced strength and of (cone) cracking and plugging, the overall integrity resulted guaranteed.

Investigation of the behaviour of a LILW superficial repository under aircraft impact

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lo Frano, Rosa, E-mail: rosa.lofrano@ing.unipi.it; Stefanini, Lorenzo

2016-04-15

Highlights: • Safety assessment of a LILW superficial repository. • Investigation of the consequences of an aircraft impact with fuel burning. • Experimental material properties. • Numerical simulation of aircraft impact with fuel burning accident by MSC.MARC{sup ©} code. • Demonstration that the overall integrity resulted is guaranteed. - Abstract: Safety and security are the two fundamental aspects to guarantee when designing a LILW superficial repository. Because of its safety concern, we have to prove, and build confidence in, the primary and secondary consequences of the crashing will be acceptable. These goals are obtained generally by means of safety assessment supported by calculations. This study is intended to investigate the performance of a superficial repository subjected to aircraft impact and fuel burning. To the purpose a superficial repository similar to that of El Cabril has been considered. Moreover to be confident the facility is safe and that the consequences of such a type of accident on the environment and humans are negligible, an appropriate safety assessment was carried out. The potential damage that aircraft impact could bring into the repository has been therefore analysed and discussed. To attain the intent load functions, calculated according to the Riera approach, and the maximum temperature reached by fuel during its combustion have been considered. FEM (thermo-mechanical) simulations have been done, by MSC{sup ©} Marc code, assuming damaging phenomena of concrete and material properties variation with the temperature. The obtained results showed that an empty superficial repository with a wall thickness, ranging from 0.7 to 1 m, is not sufficient to avoid penetration. Nevertheless even in presence of a reduced strength and of (cone) cracking and plugging, the overall integrity resulted guaranteed.

MR-angiogram-added surface anatomy scanning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuchiya, Kazuhiro; Katase, Shichiro; Yoshino, Ayako; Hachiya, Junichi [Department of Radiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 (Japan); Shiokawa, Yoshiaki [Department of Neurosurgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2, Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 (Japan)

2002-09-01

Our purpose was to evaluate the utility of surface anatomy scanning (SAS) of the brain with superimposition of MR angiograms in the diagnosis and presurgical planning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We performed SAS in 15 patients with superficial cerebral AVMs. Two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiograms were then obtained in the same section and superimposed on the SAS images. The images were assessed regarding the visualization of each AVM component using a four-point grading scale (3=excellent to 0=poor). In 13 of the patients, the assessment was made comparing with conventional angiograms. The images were also compared with the surgical findings in 5 patients. The added images agreed well with the angiographic findings and demonstrated the relationships between the AVM components and the adjacent brain surface. The average scores of the feeder(s), nidus, and drainer(s) were 2.27, 2.33, and 2.67, respectively. The surgical findings also correlated well with the added images. Our technique can noninvasively demonstrate superficial AVMs along with the brain surface and provide information useful for planning surgery. (orig.)

MR-angiogram-added surface anatomy scanning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsuchiya, Kazuhiro; Katase, Shichiro; Yoshino, Ayako; Hachiya, Junichi; Shiokawa, Yoshiaki

2002-01-01

Our purpose was to evaluate the utility of surface anatomy scanning (SAS) of the brain with superimposition of MR angiograms in the diagnosis and presurgical planning of superficial cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We performed SAS in 15 patients with superficial cerebral AVMs. Two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiograms were then obtained in the same section and superimposed on the SAS images. The images were assessed regarding the visualization of each AVM component using a four-point grading scale (3=excellent to 0=poor). In 13 of the patients, the assessment was made comparing with conventional angiograms. The images were also compared with the surgical findings in 5 patients. The added images agreed well with the angiographic findings and demonstrated the relationships between the AVM components and the adjacent brain surface. The average scores of the feeder(s), nidus, and drainer(s) were 2.27, 2.33, and 2.67, respectively. The surgical findings also correlated well with the added images. Our technique can noninvasively demonstrate superficial AVMs along with the brain surface and provide information useful for planning surgery. (orig.)

Superficial Velocity Effects on HZ-PAN and AgZ-PAN for Kr/Xe Capture

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welty, Amy Keil [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Garn, Troy Gerry [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Greenhalgh, Mitchell Randy [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

2016-04-01

Nearly all previous testing of HZ-PAN and AgZ-PAN was conducted at the same flow rate in order to maintain consistency among tests. This testing was sufficient for sorbent capacity determinations, but did not ensure that sorbents were capable of functioning under a range of flow regimes. Tests were conducted on both HZ-PAN and AgZ-PAN at superficial velocities between 20 and 700 cm/min. For HZ-PAN, Kr capacity increased from 60 mmol/kg to 110 mmol/kg as superficial velocity increased from 21 to 679 cm/min. Results for AgZ-PAN were similar, with capacity ranging from 72 to 124 mmol/kg over the same range of superficial. These results are promising for scaling up to process flows, demonstrating flexibility to operate in a broad range of superficial velocities while maintaining sorbent capacity. While preparing for superficial velocity testing it was also discovered that AgZ-PAN Xe capacity, previously observed to diminish over time, could be recovered with increased desorption temperature. Further, a substantial Xe capacity increase was observed. Previous room temperature capacities in the range of 22-25 mmol Xe/kg AgZ-PAN were increased to over 60 mmol Xe/kg AgZ-PAN. While this finding has not yet been fully explored to optimize activation and desorption temperatures, it is encouraging.

The &apos;&apos;rising bubble&apos;&apos; sign: a new aid in the diagnosis of unicameral bone cysts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jordanov, Martin I. [Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Nashville, TN (United States)

2009-06-15

The observation of a bubble of gas at the most non-dependent margin of a lytic bone lesion which has sustained a pathologic fracture implies that the lesion is hollow and can assist the radiologist in making the diagnosis of a unicameral bone cyst. The imaging studies of two patients who sustained pathologic fractures through unicameral bone cysts and exhibited the &apos;&apos;rising bubble&apos;&apos; sign are shown. The sign&apos;s basis, proper utilization, and potential pitfalls are discussed. (orig.)

Myxoid stroma and delicate vasculature of a superficial angiomyxoma give rise to the red planet sign

OpenAIRE

Green, Margaret; Logemann, Nichola; Sulit, Daryl J

2014-01-01

Superficial angiomyxomas are uncommon benign mesenchymal tumors. They often recur locally if partially removed. This case report demonstrates not only the characteristic pathological findings of a superficial angiomyxoma in a 33- year-old man, but also shows a unique dermatoscopic image, which in our estimation resembles a celestial red planet such as the blood moon seen during a lunar eclipse. We propose to call this the “red planet” sign for a superficial angiomyxoma on dermoscopic examinat...

Myxoid stroma and delicate vasculature of a superficial angiomyxoma give rise to the red planet sign.

Science.gov (United States)

Green, Margaret; Logemann, Nichola; Sulit, Daryl J

2014-09-16

Superficial angiomyxomas are uncommon benign mesenchymal tumors. They often recur locally if partially removed. This case report demonstrates not only the characteristic pathological findings of a superficial angiomyxoma in a 33- year-old man, but also shows a unique dermatoscopic image, which in our estimation resembles a celestial red planet such as the blood moon seen during a lunar eclipse. We propose to call this the "red planet" sign for a superficial angiomyxoma on dermoscopic examination.

Maintain levels of nicotine but reduce other smoke constituents: a formula for &apos;'less-hazardous'&apos; cigarettes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robinson, J.C.; Young, J.C.; Rickert, W.S.

1984-09-01

Twenty-two volunteers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes with &apos;'high'&apos; nicotine yields (0.8 to 1.2 mg) per day participated in an 8-week study designed to test the hypothesis that smoking cigarettes with a constant level of nicotine but reduced deliveries of tar, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide leads to a decrease in smoke absorption. All subjects smoked their usual high-nicotine brand for the first 3 weeks (P1), and the absorption of smoke constituents was determined from levels of thiocyanate and cotinine in saliva and serum, levels of carbon monoxide in expired air, and levels of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood. During the final 5 weeks (P2), the treatment group (16 subjects) switched to the &apos;'light'&apos; version of their usual brands (similar yields of nicotine but with reduced yields of tar, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide); the control group (6 subjects) smoked their usual brands for the duration of the study. Average levels of cotinine for the subjects who switched during P2 were not significantly different from those of the control group as was expected. Slight reductions were noted in average expired-air carbon monoxide levels, blood carboxyhemoglobin, and saliva thiocyanate, but these reductions were smaller than anticipated based on brand characteristics. The results suggest that the ratio of smoke constituents is different when individuals, rather than machines, smoke cigarettes. Yields determined under subject-defined conditions are necessary in order to properly evaluate the role of nicotine in the design of &apos;'less-hazardous'&apos; cigarettes.

The &apos;diester partners&apos; want to be movers...; Les &apos;&apos;partenaires diester&apos;&apos; se veulent moteur...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tourneur, J.C.

2003-09-01

Diester is the French name given to the biofuel (methylic ester) made from vegetal oils (1 t of vegetal oil + 0.1 t of methanol leads to 1 t of diester + 0.1 t of glycerin). The French club of &apos;diester towns&apos; gathers all local authorities of towns that use up to 30% of diester in the diesel fuel of their vehicle fleets (buses, trucks, commercial vehicles). In March 2003, the association has opened to new members, in particular private companies which are diester users and become &apos;diester partners&apos;, in order to sustain the fight against the greenhouse effect. The consumption of 1 t of diester allows to save 2.5 t of CO{sub 2} thanks to the photosynthesis. In other words, a vehicle fueled with 30% of diester and 70% of diesel fuel reduces its greenhouse gas emissions of 23%. (J.S.)

The energy and monetary implications of the &apos;24/7&apos; &apos;always on&apos; society

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Loveday, Dennis L. [Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU (United Kingdom)], E-mail: d.l.loveday@lboro.ac.uk; Bhamra, T.; Tang, T. [Department of Design and Technology, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU (United Kingdom); Haines, V.J.A. [Ergonomics and Safety Research Institute (ESRI), Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU (United Kingdom); Holmes, M.J. [ARUP, 13, Fitzroy Street, London W1T 4BR (United Kingdom); Green, R.J. [Institute for Energy Research and Policy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT (United Kingdom)

2008-12-15

This paper reviews the trends in society, technology and energy demand of the past 30 years, together with the growth of the &apos;on-demand&apos; culture. The &apos;24/7&apos; or &apos;always on&apos; society can be defined as one where people demand-and generally receive-what they want &apos;now&apos;. It has grown up in parallel with developments in information technology, which have produced the services needed to meet that demand. Larger numbers of appliances, resulting from greater affluence and disposable income, have increased energy use, despite energy efficiencies in other areas. While monetary factors suggest that changes brought about by the 24/7 society will generally be self-correcting at the macro-economic level, there will nevertheless be effects for individuals, such as potentially severe impacts on the fuel poor as electricity prices rise. We conclude with a view of future directions. As the 24/7 culture continues to grow, there is scope for designers and for information technology to manage and reduce energy consumption. This includes buildings, their services systems, and the mix of new technologies that will be deployed over the next 20 years or so, including the possibilities for data exchange and control at the interface between energy suppliers and consumers, coupled with greater understanding of the behaviour of the consumers themselves.

Interdigital foot infections: Corynebacterium minutissimum and agents of superficial mycoses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fatma Mutlu Sariguzel

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Interdigital foot infections are mostly caused initially by dermatophytes, yeasts and less frequently by bacteria. Erythrasma caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum can be confused with superficial mycoses. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the etiologic agents of superficial mycoses and the frequency of Corynebacterium minutissimum in interdigital foot infections. All the samples obtained from the 121 patients with interdigital foot infections were examined directly with the use of 20% potassium hydroxide mounts and Gram stain under the microscope and cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar plates. In identification of superficial mycoses, the rate was found to be 14% with the cultural method and 14% with direct microscopic examination. Using a combination of direct microscopic examination and culture, a 33.8% ratio was achieved. In the culture of these samples, the most isolated factor was Trichophyton rubrum (33.7%. In 24 of the patients (19.8% Corynebacterium minutissimum was detected by Gram staining, in 6 of these patients Trichophyton rubrum was found, Trichophyton mentagrophytes was found in 2 and Trichosporon spp. was found in 1. The examination of interdigital foot lesions in the laboratory, the coexistence of erythrasma with dermatophytes and yeast should be considered.

Review of the study &apos;&apos;Development of the energy markets - energy reference forecast&apos;&apos; from the perspective of brown coal; Bewertung der Studie &apos;&apos;Entwicklung der Energiemaerkte - Energiereferenzprognose&apos;&apos; aus Sicht der Braunkohle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dyllong, Yvonne [DEBRIV e.V., Koeln (Germany); Maassen, Uwe [Statistik der Kohlenwirtschaft e.V., Koeln (Germany)

2014-12-15

In June 2014 the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) published an expertise prepared by the EWI, GWS and Prognos institutes entitled &apos;&apos;Development of the energy markets - energy reference forecast&apos;&apos;. This study presents probable developments in the energy economy up to the year 2030 (reference forecast) on the assumption of a yet more stringent energy and climate protection policy as well as continuing impediments to its implementation. Complementing the forecast is an outlook up to the year 2050 (scenario of trends). But what do the findings of this expertise say about the future utilization of Germany&apos;s greatest domestic energy resource, namely brown coal? This question is addressed in the following article.

Bacterias en superficies contactadas durante las tomas radiográficas intraorales

OpenAIRE

Lee, Guihan; Calderón-Ubaquí, Victor; Sacsaquispe-Contreras, Sonia

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de bacterias mediante el análisis microbiológico en las superficies contactadas por el operador durante la toma y procesado de radiografías intraorales en diferentes momentos del día en el Servicio de Radiología Oral de la UPCH. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un muestreo en nueve superficies del servicio de radiología oral. Las muestras se tomaron en dos momentos por el mismo investigador; al inicio y al finalizar las actividades en el servicio, se realizó ...

Why Germany&apos;s &apos;Messy&apos; energy transition should be a lesson to other nations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shepherd, John [nuclear 24, Brighton (United Kingdom)

2015-03-15

Germany&apos;s so-called &apos;&apos;energy transition&apos;&apos; (&apos;'Energiewende'&apos;) is increasingly drawing the intention of the international community - but it seems for all the wrong reasons. US Senator Lamar Alexander said recently that German energy policy is one of the reasons the US should not abandon nuclear, but actually encourage increased investment in nuclear power plants. Alexander&apos;s remarks were made in an article published by the US Nuclear Energy Institute, in which he outlined his reasons why the US should not follow Germany&apos;s lead. Alexander rightly pointed out that the cost of attempting to replace nuclear power with wind, solar, and accompanying infrastructure is estimated by the German government at some 1.2 trillion US dollars (about 1 trillion Euros). The senator also made the point that Germany &apos;&apos;does not produce enough reliable, baseload energy for an important manufacturing economy&apos;&apos;. He also expressed concern at Germany&apos;s reliance on buying natural gas from Russia. While Germany has been forcing the closure of nuclear power plants others, including the oil-rich United Arab Emirates (UAE), have been investing in new nuclear, Alexander said. Judging from Alexander&apos;s remarks, it seems that Germany&apos;s energy transition experience will, after all, have a long-lasting legacy. That legacy will be a valuable lesson to other major industrialised nations in why they should not follow Germany&apos;s lead in abandoning a sensible energy mix, if they wish to maintain and develop economic and industrial productivity while keeping to international commitments to tackle climate change.

Induction of superficial cortical layer neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells by valproic acid.

Science.gov (United States)

Juliandi, Berry; Abematsu, Masahiko; Sanosaka, Tsukasa; Tsujimura, Keita; Smith, Austin; Nakashima, Kinichi

2012-01-01

Within the developing mammalian cortex, neural progenitors first generate deep-layer neurons and subsequently more superficial-layer neurons, in an inside-out manner. It has been reported recently that mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) can, to some extent, recapitulate cortical development in vitro, with the sequential appearance of neurogenesis markers resembling that in the developing cortex. However, mESCs can only recapitulate early corticogenesis; superficial-layer neurons, which are normally produced in later developmental periods in vivo, are under-represented. This failure of mESCs to reproduce later corticogenesis in vitro implies the existence of crucial factor(s) that are absent or uninduced in existing culture systems. Here we show that mESCs can give rise to superficial-layer neurons efficiently when treated with valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor. VPA treatment increased the production of Cux1-positive superficial-layer neurons, and decreased that of Ctip2-positive deep-layer neurons. These results shed new light on the mechanisms of later corticogenesis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.

THE LONG-LIVED UV &apos;'PLATEAU'&apos; OF SN 2012aw

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bayless, Amanda J.; Roming, Peter W. A. [Southwest Research Institute, Department of Space Science, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238 (United States); Pritchard, Tyler A. [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Penn State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Kuin, Paul [Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT (United Kingdom); Brown, Peter J. [Texas A and M University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, TX 77843-4242 (United States); Botticella, Maria Teresa; Dall' Ora, Massimo [INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, via Moiariello 16, I-80131 Napoli (Italy); Frey, Lucille H.; Even, Wesley; Fryer, Chris L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Maund, Justyn R.; Fraser, Morgan [Astrophysics Research Center, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen' s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN (United Kingdom)

2013-02-10

Observations with the Swift UV Optical Telescope have unambiguously uncovered for the first time a long-lived, UV &apos;'plateau'&apos; in a Type II-P supernova (SN). Although this flattening in slope is hinted at in a few other SNe, due to its proximity and minimal line-of-sight extinction, SN 2012aw has afforded the first opportunity to clearly observe this UV plateau. The observations of SN 2012aw revealed all Swift UV and u-band light curves initially declined rapidly, but 27 days after the explosion the light curves flattened. Some possible sources of the UV plateau are the same thermal process that causes the optical plateau, heating from radioactive decay, or a combination of both processes.

Experiences from the exercise &apos;'MERLIN'&apos; for the detection of radioactive substances with the participation of special-purpose vehicles; Erfahrungen aus der Uebung &apos;'MERLIN'&apos; zur Detektion radioaktiver Stoffe unter Beteiligung verschiedenen Einsatzfahrzeuge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Griesbach, M. [Hessisches Ministerium des Innern und fuer Sport, Wiesbaden (Germany)

2009-08-15

Experiences of an exercise with hazardous goods, in particular with radioactive substances (measurements and taking environmental samples) are described. Several special-purpose vehicles with equipment and specially trained crews were used together with radiation protection experts according to the concept of Hesse. It has been the greatest exercise in Hesse with regard to hazardous goods and in particular with regard to &apos;&apos;incidents with radioactive substances&apos;&apos;. (orig.)

Thirty years ago: &apos;&apos;InterCity 79&apos;&apos; - every hour, every class; Vor 30 Jahren: IC 79 - jede Stunde - jede Klasse

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jaensch, Eberhard

2009-05-15

The &apos;&apos;IC 79&apos;&apos; system, which was introduced thirty years ago, has permanently moulded the shape of long-distance passenger services in Germany (with Deutsche Bundesbahn and later Deutsche Bahn). Since then, top-grade passenger trains have been running regularly every hour on several routes. They provide links with short travel times between the country&apos;s most important towns and cities. &apos;&apos;IC 79&apos;&apos; became the backbone of long-distance rail travel in Germany. The ideas underlying it and the way they were implemented are still considered exemplary today. (orig.)

Spectral characterization of superficial coal groups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad, I.; Khan, M.A.; Ishaq, M.; Shakirullah; Bahadur, A.

2004-01-01

Spectral characterization of superficial coal groups was performed in KBr pellets. KBr Pellets were prepared for virgin and variously pretreated coal samples. Spectra of satisfactory resolution were obtained in wave number range-4000-400 cm /sup -1/. Presence of broad absorption bands corresponds to hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl and phenolic functionalities in the spectra clearly define their presence in all samples understudy. Forced oxidation proved effective for oxidation of both aliphatic and aromatic configurations, which can be revealed from the respective spectra. (author)

Temperature distributions in 136 superficial radiothermotherapies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Willich, N.; Duve, S.; Pfluger, T.; Bachmeier, K.

1992-01-01

Temperature distributions from 136 superficial radiothermotherapies in patients were analysed and three-dimensionally reconstructed. The calculation of mean values and standard deviations of the temperature measuring probes considering water bolus temperature, master probe temperature, site of the probes relatively to different applicator positions and site of the probes in the heated tissues yielded satisfactory temperature distributions for chest wall treatment in contrast to other regions of the body. Radiothermotherapy was statistically not superior to radiotherapy alone with respect to local tumor control. (authors)

The implementation of the &apos;&apos;Smart Grid&apos;&apos; - preached but not practised; Die Realisierung des &apos;&apos;Smart Grids&apos;&apos;. In aller Munde, aber nicht in der Umsetzung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Augenstein, Friedrich [Duale Hochschule Baden-Wuerttemberg, Stuttgart (Germany). Bereich BWL-Dienstleistungsmanagement; Einhellig, Ludwig; Kohl, Ingmar [Deloitte, Muenchen (Germany)

2011-07-15

The development of smart power grids is still in its infancy in Germany, in spite of extensive pilot programmes, competition from foreign power suppliers as well as unanimous opinion among experts that there is no way around them. Although a legal obligations has existed since the beginning of this year to offer &apos;'variable-load'&apos; tariffs, and despite their being desired by the political realm and having been laid down in the Energy Concept of the Federal Government, lack of consumer demand has so far inhibited the development of intelligent grids. But is it really because of the consumer, or is it more due to other parameters that Germany is threatening to lose the race in smart grid technology.

Environmental and safety aspects. The best of &apos;powder handling and processing&apos; 1989 - 1997. &apos;Bulk solids handling&apos; 1992 - 1997 (H/2000)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Woehlbier, R.H. (ed.)

2000-07-01

The book contains articles published either during 1992-1997 in &apos;&apos;bulk solids handling&apos;&apos; or during 1989-1997 in &apos;&apos;powder handling and processing&apos;&apos;. Main topics are aspects of safety and environmental protection in bulk solids handling: dusts, hazardous powders, prevention and mitigation of dust explosions, powdered coal handling, dedusting, filters, electrostatic precipitation, materials recovery, occupational safety.(uke)

Scientists from all over the world attend the &apos;&apos;Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School 2009&apos;&apos; at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Wissenschaftler aus aller Welt bei der &apos;&apos;Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School 2009&apos;&apos; am Karlsruhe Institute of Technologie (KIT)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez Espinoza, Victor Hugo; Fischer, Ulrich [Karlsruhe Inst. of Tech. (KIT), Campus Nord/Inst. for Neutron Physics and Reactor Tech. (INR), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany)

2009-11-15

The &apos;&apos;Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School&apos;&apos; is organized each year alternately by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the Commissariat a l&apos;Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarache. This year&apos;s Summer School, the 15th since its foundation, was run at the Advanced Training Center (FTU) of KIT Campus Nord on August 26 to September 4. The key topic this year was &apos;&apos;The Challenges in Implementing Fast Reactor Technology.&apos;&apos; These are the items discussed: Principles and challenges of future fast reactor designs, Fuels, fuel cycle, and recycling of minor actinides, Innovative cladding tube and structural materials, Special aspects of coolants and the challenges they pose, Fast reactor safety. Experts from 8 leading international research establishments and universities presented and discussed with the 58 participants from 16 countries the current state of the art and the latest development trends in the topics listed above. (orig.)

Superficial Temporal Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Conservative Approach in a Critically Ill Patient

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grasso, Rosario Francesco; Quattrocchi, Carlo Cosimo; Crucitti, Pierfilippo; Carboni, Giampiero; Coppola, Roberto; Zobel, Bruno Beomonte

2007-01-01

A 71-year-old man affected by cardio- and cerebrovascular disease experienced an accidental fall and trauma to the fronto-temporal area of the head. A few weeks later a growing mass appeared on his scalp. A diagnosis of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm was made following CT and color Doppler ultrasound. His clinical condition favoured a conservative approach by ultrasound-guided compression and subsequent surgical resection. A conservative approach should be considered the treatment of choice in critically ill patients affected by superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm

&apos;&apos;Camouflage line&apos;&apos; for 380 kV; Erfahrungen mit einer 380-kV-&apos;'Tarnleitung'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Egger, H. [FAS Berndorf GmbH and Co. KG, Berndorf (Austria); Lugschitz, H. [Verbund-Austrian Power Grid GmbH, Wien (Austria)

2000-10-16

Overhead transmission lines are under increased public discussion. One method to minimize their influence on the environment and therefore to increase their acceptance is to camouflage lines by coating their components. Towers, conductors and fittings of a line which was erected recently in the Austrian Alps are coated in dark green colour to make the structure less visible against the background. For further reduction of visibility the line is constructed as compact line. The smaller tower size was achieved by use of short insulator strings and by oversized conductors with special advantageous mechanical properties. This paper explains the consideration which led to the configuration as compact line and for the decision to coate the complete line. It also presents long term experience with in-factory-coating of towers. Factory-coated supports were introduced 1982 in the company&apos;s network, first with the main goal to ease maintenance and second to reduce impacts on the environment. The first complete &apos;camouflage line&apos; (coloured supports and coloured conductors) in the Austrian grid was set into operation end of the year 1995. (orig.) [German] Freileitungen stehen unter zunehmender oeffentlicher Diskussion. Eine der Methoden, ihren Einfluss auf die Umwelt zu reduzieren und damit ihre Akzeptanz zu erhoehen, ist, die Tarnung von Leitungen durch Faerbung ihrer Komponenten. Maste, Leiter, Erdseile und Armaturen einer in den Oesterreichischen Alpen errichtenden Leitungen wurden in dunkelgruener Farbe beschichtet, um die Anlage gegenueber dem Hintergrund geringer sichtbar zu machen. Zur weiteren Reduktion der Sichtbarkeit ist die Leitung als &apos;Kompaktleitung&apos; ausgefuehrt. Die geringeren Mastabmessungen wurden durch die Verwendung von kuerzeren Isolatorenketten und Leiterseilen mit besonders vorteilhaften mechanischen Eigenschaften erreicht. Die Verfasser erklaeren die Ueberlegungen, die zu der Ausfuehrung als Kompaktleitung und zur Beschichtung der

Electrolyzed-water generator &apos;SaniBoy&apos;; Eisei jokinsuik kyokyu sochi &apos;SaniBoy&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, M.; Kakiuchi, H.; Muto, K. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

2000-03-10

In the food industry, injuries due to food poisoning have been increasing. Especially the mass outbreak of food poisoning by Escherichia coli such as O-157 in 1996 gave warning on the importance of food sanitation management. Public efforts such as the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system have been made to prevent food poisoning. Recently, disinfection made by electrolyzing water with some salt added has attracted attention. Fuji Electric has developed the generator &apos;SaniBoy&apos; that produces weak alkaline electrolyzed water without wasting water. The environment-friendly &apos;SaniBoy&apos; will contribute to sanitation in various fields. (author)

Short circuit - How our power supply became more expensive and got worse. A critical balance after eight years &apos;'deregulation'&apos; of the German Energy Economy; Kurzschluss - Wie unsere Stromversorgung teurer und schlechter wurde. Eine kritische Bilanz nach acht Jahren &apos;'Liberalisierung'&apos; der deutschen Energiewirtschaft

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leuschner, U.

2007-07-01

Since 16 years the author, a journalist, pursues the economical and political development of the German power economy. Many facts of this book prove: the impacting consequences as the clear scarcity of 1998 introduced deregulation, which has permitted 8 years long the discrimination of competitors and enabled in this way an exampleless concentration of market might (pt. 1); how supply reliability became worse and power and gas got more and more expensive (pt. 2); the complete insufficient practice of cartel agreements which is exchanged by administrative grid charges respectively &apos;&apos;incentive regulation&apos;&apos; (pt. 3); the relation between management and policy which has become still more distantless than in the epoche of membership books (pt. 4); the development of the German power economy from the beginning in the 19th century to the deregulation incl. the reorganization on the area of the former German Democratic republic. (GL) [German] Im ersten Teil des Buches (&apos;&apos;Stromwirtschaft im Umbruch&apos;&apos;) befasst sich Leuschner nun noch eingehender mit den politischen Hintergruenden der verfehlten Deregulierung. Er stellt fest, dass es die letzte Regierung unter Helmut Kohl war, die von Anfang an die Weichen falsch gestellt hat. Die Hauptverantwortung fuer die Nichtkorrektur des Fehlers und den fortgesetzten &apos;&apos;Schmusekurs mit den Konzernen&apos;&apos; sieht er aber bei den beiden folgenden rot-gruenen Bundesregierungen. Er verdeutlicht ferner, dass die erhoehten Belastungen durch Stromsteuer, EEG und KWK-Gesetz keine hinreichende Begruendung fuer den Strompreisanstieg liefern. Wo nicht minder wichtige Faktoren fuer den Preisanstieg liegen, veranschaulicht er im Kapitel ueber die &apos;&apos;Preisveredelung an der EEX&apos;&apos;. Im zweiten Teil, der die technischen Hintergruende und Risiken der Deregulierung behandelt, findet man jetzt auch ausfuehrlich die europaweite Netzstoerung beschrieben, die EON am 4. November 2006

Estudio de la filtración marginal en la combinación de diferentes adhesivos en obturaciones de clase II y V

OpenAIRE

Navarro Majó, José Luis; Jané Noblom, L.; Basilio Monné, J.; Roig Cayón, Miguel; Sentís Vilalta, Juan

1993-01-01

Se estudian las filtraciones marginales en obturaciones «in vitro», de clase 11 y V, utilizando cuatro sistemas de adhesión dentinaria diferentes y un composite universal. Se concluye que ninguno de los cuatro productos consigue suprimir totalmente la filtración marginal, que es causada por el composite, a causa de su contracción de polimerización.

Esophagectomy for Superficial Esophageal Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Thomas J

2017-07-01

Endoscopic therapies have become the standard of care for most cases of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Despite a rapid and dramatic evolution in treatment paradigms, esophagectomy continues to occupy a place in the therapeutic armamentarium for superficial esophageal neoplasia. The managing physician must remain cognizant of the limitations of endoscopic approaches and consider surgical resection when they are exceeded. Esophagectomy, performed at experienced centers for appropriately selected patients with early-stage disease can be undertaken with the expectation of cure as well as low mortality, acceptable morbidity, and good long-term quality of life. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The United States and international climate cooperation: International &apos;pull&apos; versus domestic &apos;push&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bang, Guri [Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo (Norway); Froyn, Camilla Bretteville [Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo (Norway); Hovi, Jon [Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo (Norway) and Department of Political Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1097, 0317 Oslo (Norway)]. E-mail: jon.hovi@stv.uio.no; Menz, Fredric C. [Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo (Norway); School of Business, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699 (United States)

2007-02-15

The US government is being pressured by both international and domestic influences to re-engage in international climate control. This paper considers whether the international &apos;pull&apos; and the domestic &apos;push&apos; will be strong enough to accomplish this. First, we discuss whether changes in the architecture of the current climate regime might induce the United States to re-engage at the international level. We argue that the United States is unlikely to rejoin any global climate regime that is based on the Kyoto architecture, even if Kyoto were to be &apos;reformed&apos;. Second, we discuss whether domestic political developments might eventually cause the United States to re-engage. We conclude that US re-engagement is likely to require the emergence of a new climate regime that basically extends US regulation to other countries. However, the forging of a unified US climate policy is still in the making. Furthermore, a new regime can gain widespread participation only if the Kyoto countries accept the idea of replacing Kyoto with some alternative architecture, which seems unlikely in the near future.

Superficial Siderosis of the Central Nervous System Caused by Hemorrhagic Intraventricular Craniopharyngioma: Case Report and Literature Review

Science.gov (United States)

TOSAKA, Masahiko; SATO, Koji; AMANUMA, Makoto; HIGUCHI, Tetsuya; ARAI, Motohiro; AISHIMA, Kaoru; SHIMIZU, Tatsuya; HORIGUCHI, Keishi; SUGAWARA, Kenichi; YOSHIMOTO, Yuhei

2015-01-01

Superficial siderosis is a rare condition caused by hemosiderin deposits in the central nervous system (CNS) due to prolonged or recurrent low-grade bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CNS tumor could be one of the sources of bleeding, both pre- and postoperatively. We report an extremely rare case of superficial siderosis associated with purely third ventricle craniopharyngioma, and review previously reported cases of superficial siderosis associated with CNS tumor. A 69-year-old man presented with headache, unsteady gait, blurred vision, and progressive hearing loss. Brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadolinium revealed a well enhanced, intraventricular mass in the anterior part of the third ventricle. T2*-weighted gradient echo (GE) MR imaging revealed a hypointense rim around the brain particularly marked within the depth of the sulci. Superficial siderosis was diagnosed based on these findings. The tumor was diffusely hypointense on T2*-weighted GE imaging, indicating intratumoral hemorrhage. The lateral ventricles were dilated, suggesting hydrocephalus. [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed increased uptake in the tumor. The whole brain surface appeared dark ocher at surgery. Histological examination showed the hemorrhagic tumor was papillary craniopharyngioma. His hearing loss progressed after removal of the tumor. T2*-weighted GE MR imaging demonstrated not only superficial siderosis but also diffuse intratumoral hemorrhage in the tumor. Superficial siderosis and its related symptoms, including hearing loss, should be considered in patients with hemorrhagic tumor related to the CSF space. Purely third ventricle craniopharyngioma rarely has hemorrhagic character, which could cause superficial siderosis and progressive hearing loss. PMID:24670310

Accidents, &apos;black swans&apos; and risks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luxat, J.C. [McMaster Univ., Dept. of Engineering Physics, Hamilton, Ontario (Canada)

2013-06-15

Major accidents and natural disasters with severe consequences have occurred in all sectors of industrial activity with relatively high frequency. The severe consequences of concern involve either significant loss of life or major economic loss, or both loss of life and economic loss. Such events have the last two years been referred to as &apos;black swan&apos; events following publication of Taleb&apos;s bestselling book. These events demonstrate limits to PRA application that arise from the underlying high uncertainty associated with the estimation of frequency of occurrence of such events. An approach is proposed in this paper that, consistent with the concept of defense in depth employed by the nuclear industry, augments probabilistic risk assessment with a methodology based upon &apos;threat - risk assessment&apos;. This approach shifts these very low frequency high consequence &apos;black swan&apos; events out of the probabilistic risk assessment domain into a deterministic emergency response assessment domain. (author)

Bookshelf (&apos;&apos;Neutrons, Nuclei and Matter&apos;&apos;, by J. Byrne)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hansen, P.G.

1994-01-01

Time was when a neophyte wanting to do experiments with neutrons would be told first to read D.J. Hughes&apos; classic &apos;&apos;Pile Neutron Research&apos;&apos; (1952). The book by J. Byrne is in many respects a modern equivalent, although if you were to send your student away with it, you will risk not seeing him or her again for a considerable time. What is immediately striking is that the book, rich in information and quite long, is cross-disciplinary and touches essentially all the main areas of modern physics. It covers parts of particle physics, such as the internal structure of the neutron, time-reversal violation as revealed by the (still hypothetical) electric dipole moment of the neutron, and the coupling constants for the weak interaction. From the field of basic quantum physics there are chapters on neutron optics, wave phenomena with neutrons and on the applications of these in solid-state physics. Other chapters again delve deeply into nuclear structure, nuclear reaction theory, as well as their applications: nuclear reactors and nuclear energy. At a time with specialization rampant and many physicists tending to believe that venturing outside their own cloisters is uninteresting and even dangerous, it is a pleasure to come across a book that is basically just about physics. J. Byrne of Sussex has for long been active in neutron research at the British-French-German Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) research reactor in Grenoble, where he has worked on subjects such as weak interactions and fundamental symmetries. He has clearly intended &apos;&apos;Neutrons, Nuclei and Matter&apos;&apos; as a vade-mecum that will allow the practitioner to find the necessary information and formulas. But I believe that many others not directly engaged in neutron research will gain new insight from its many examples. To take just one case, I had not been aware of the simple physical principles that permit cold neutrons to be stored in a bottle. (The main point is that a

On the universality of the &apos;'smile'&apos;-gap in the density of states of a chaotic Josephson junction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reutlinger, Johannes; Belzig, Wolfgang [University of Konstanz, Department of Physics (Germany); Nazarov, Yuli [Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft (Netherlands); Glazman, Leonid [Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT (United States)

2015-07-01

The superconducting proximity effect strongly modifies the local density of states in chaotic Josephson junctions. Recently we found that besides the well-known minigap a secondary gap appears just below the superconducting gap edge Δ in the limit of a large Thouless energy E{sub Th} >or similar Δ. To check the universality of this novel gap phenomenon we study the effect of nonideal contacts and show that the &apos;'smile'&apos;-gap crucially depends on the transmission eigenvalue distribution. In a next step we use the random matrix method to investigate the &apos;'smile'&apos;-gap. This allows us to approach the statistics of Andreev levels, going beyond the quasiclassical Greens function method. It turns out that the hard gap edge softens similar to what is already known from the minigap.

A method for determination of the superficial charge density

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vila, F.

1992-10-01

In this article is presented a new methodism for determination of superficial charge density in nonconducting materials which is based in the combination of laboratory calibrated experiments in conducting surfaces with theoretical calculations for nonconducting surfaces. (author). 19 refs, 7 figs, 1 tab

Frey′s Syndrome as a Sequela of Superficial Parotidectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rishi Kumar Bali

2006-01-01

The disorder is characterized by unilateral sweating and flushing of facial skin in the area of parotid gland occurring during meals. We present a case of a patient who developed symptoms of Frey Syndrome 4 months after undergoing superficial parotidectomy on left side.

Treatment for superficial infusion thrombophlebitis of the upper extremity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Di Nisio, Marcello; Peinemann, Frank; Porreca, Ettore; Rutjes, Anne W. S.

2015-01-01

Although superficial thrombophlebitis of the upper extremity represents a frequent complication of intravenous catheters inserted into the peripheral veins of the forearm or hand, no consensus exists on the optimal management of this condition in clinical practice. To summarise the evidence from

&apos;&apos;Confession statement against the nuclear nation&apos;&apos;. The protestant church in Germany and the conflicts concerning nuclear energy 1970 - 1990; &apos;&apos;Bekennen gegen den Atomstaat&apos;&apos;. Die evangelischen Kirchen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und die Konflikte um die Atomenergie 1970-1990

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schuering, Michael [Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL (United States)

2015-07-01

The book on &apos;&apos;Confession statement against the nuclear nation&apos;&apos; discusses the conflicts of the protestant church in Germany concerning nuclear energy in 1970 - 1990. The introduction covers the state of research and the historical sources. The following chapters discuss the issues philosophic-ideological fundamentals: atomic energy and theology, the political church, the new protest culture and comparative perspectives: the catholic perspective, Three Mile Island&apos;s shadow.

Unexpected diagnosis of superficial neurofibroma in a lesion with imaging features of a vascular malformation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

O' Keefe, Patrick; Reid, Janet; Morrison, Stuart [Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Radiology, Cleveland, OH (United States); Vidimos, Allison [Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Dermatology, Cleveland, OH (United States); DiFiore, John [Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland, OH (United States)

2005-12-01

Plexiform neurofibroma is a pathognomonic, often disabling feature of neurofibromatosis type I. Although the target-like appearance of deep plexiform neurofibroma on T2-weighted MRI has been well-described, a second superficial form of plexiform neurofibroma has differing imaging features. We report a 15-year-old boy who presented with multiple cutaneous lesions exhibiting clinical and imaging characteristics of a venolymphatic malformation. These lesions were histologically proved to represent superficial plexiform neurofibromas. We wish to emphasize the unique MR findings of superficial plexiform neurofibromas; these findings are different from the imaging characteristics of the deep form and can be confused with a low-flow vascular malformation. (orig.)

EAGLE: &apos;EAGLE&apos;Is an&apos; Algorithmic Graph Library for Exploration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

2015-01-16

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) and SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) were introduced about a decade ago to enable flexible schema-free data interchange on the Semantic Web. Today data scientists use the framework as a scalable graph representation for integrating, querying, exploring and analyzing data sets hosted at different sources. With increasing adoption, the need for graph mining capabilities for the Semantic Web has emerged. Today there is no tools to conduct "graph mining" on RDF standard data sets. We address that need through implementation of popular iterative Graph Mining algorithms (Triangle count, Connected component analysis, degree distribution, diversity degree, PageRank, etc.). We implement these algorithms as SPARQL queries, wrapped within Python scripts and call our software tool as EAGLE. In RDF style, EAGLE stands for "EAGLE &apos;Is an&apos; algorithmic graph library for exploration. EAGLE is like &apos;MATLAB&apos; for &apos;Linked Data.&apos;

Improved superficial brain hemorrhage visualization in susceptibility weighted images by constrained minimum intensity projection

Science.gov (United States)

Castro, Marcelo A.; Pham, Dzung L.; Butman, John

2016-03-01

Minimum intensity projection is a technique commonly used to display magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted images, allowing the observer to better visualize hemorrhages and vasculature. The technique displays the minimum intensity in a given projection within a thick slab, allowing different connectivity patterns to be easily revealed. Unfortunately, the low signal intensity of the skull within the thick slab can mask superficial tissues near the skull base and other regions. Because superficial microhemorrhages are a common feature of traumatic brain injury, this effect limits the ability to proper diagnose and follow up patients. In order to overcome this limitation, we developed a method to allow minimum intensity projection to properly display superficial tissues adjacent to the skull. Our approach is based on two brain masks, the largest of which includes extracerebral voxels. The analysis of the rind within both masks containing the actual brain boundary allows reclassification of those voxels initially missed in the smaller mask. Morphological operations are applied to guarantee accuracy and topological correctness, and the mean intensity within the mask is assigned to all outer voxels. This prevents bone from dominating superficial regions in the projection, enabling superior visualization of cortical hemorrhages and vessels.

ApoE4-specific Misfolded Intermediate Identified by Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benfeard Williams

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD is associated with the APOE gene, which encodes for three variants of Apolipoprotein E, namely E2, E3, E4, differing only by two amino acids at positions 112 and 158. ApoE4 is known to be the strongest risk factor for AD onset, while ApoE3 and ApoE2 are considered to be the AD-neutral and AD-protective isoforms, respectively. It has been hypothesized that the ApoE isoforms may contribute to the development of AD by modifying the homeostasis of ApoE physiological partners and AD-related proteins in an isoform-specific fashion. Here we find that, despite the high sequence similarity among the three ApoE variants, only ApoE4 exhibits a misfolded intermediate state characterized by isoform-specific domain-domain interactions in molecular dynamics simulations. The existence of an ApoE4-specific intermediate state can contribute to the onset of AD by altering multiple cellular pathways involved in ApoE-dependent lipid transport efficiency or in AD-related protein aggregation and clearance. We present what we believe to be the first structural model of an ApoE4 misfolded intermediate state, which may serve to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the role of ApoE4 in AD pathogenesis. The knowledge of the structure for the ApoE4 folding intermediate provides a new platform for the rational design of alternative therapeutic strategies to fight AD.

Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in superficial CNS siderosis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kondziella, Daniel; Lindelof, M.; Haziri, Donika

2015-01-01

the challenges related to the diagnosis and treatment of superficial siderosis. RESULTS: A potential bleeding aetiology was identified in all patients, but removal of the offending bleeding source was achieved only in three (33%). Symptom progression was halted in just one patient (11%), which suggests...... neurotoxicity due to accumulating iron toxicity. FUNDING: not relevant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant....

Gamma Activation Analysis in the Havana Bay superficial sediments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez, N.; Gelen, A.; Diaz Riso, O.; Manso, M.V.; Simon, M.J.; Maslov, A.G.; Gustova, M.V.; Beltran, J.; Soto, J.

2003-01-01

A preliminary study of 26 elements of Havana Bay superficial sediments were made using Gamma Activation Analysis. Samples from five zones of Havana Bay were analyzed. The results show a close interrelation between the concentration levels of the studied elements and the contaminant sources

In vivo high-resolution 3D photoacoustic imaging of superficial vascular anatomy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, E Z; Laufer, J G; Beard, P C; Pedley, R B

2009-01-01

The application of a photoacoustic imaging instrument based upon a Fabry-Perot polymer film ultrasound sensor to imaging the superficial vasculature is described. This approach provides a backward mode-sensing configuration that has the potential to overcome the limitations of current piezoelectric based detection systems used in superficial photoacoustic imaging. The system has been evaluated by obtaining non-invasive images of the vasculature in human and mouse skin as well as mouse models of human colorectal tumours. These studies showed that the system can provide high-resolution 3D images of vascular structures to depths of up to 5 mm. It is considered that this type of instrument may find a role in the clinical assessment of conditions characterized by changes in the vasculature such as skin tumours and superficial soft tissue damage due to burns, wounds or ulceration. It may also find application in the characterization of small animal cancer models where it is important to follow the tumour vasculature over time in order to study its development and/or response to therapy.

Photoluminescence of a superficial Si nanolayer and an example of its use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ley, M.; Svrcek, V.; Kuznicki, Z.T.

2003-01-01

A characteristic photoluminescence of a superficial Si nanolayer realized by ion implantation has been observed. This effect, being totally independent of those shown recently for a nanoscale Si-layered system, is similar to that produced by Si nanocrystals (Si nc). To visualize the nature and give evidence of this effect, we fabricated samples in two different ways: (i) by incorporation of Si nc into thin SiO 2 films deposited on Si wafer by the spin-on-glass method and (ii) by a nanoscale superficial crystalline-Si modification using medium-energy ion implantation and thermal treatment. In both cases the UV-to-red light conversion has been observed to be independent of wafer post-implantation damage. To show the UV-to-red conversion contribution, we use the ion modified superficial Si layer with its well-defined potential barrier, the so-called carrier collection limit. Such a modified Si structure gives us a method of deconvoluting several optoelectronic features observed experimentally on modified Si. The practical realization is compatible with well-established Si technology

In vivo high-resolution 3D photoacoustic imaging of superficial vascular anatomy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, E Z; Laufer, J G; Beard, P C [Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom); Pedley, R B [UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O' Gorman Building, University College London, 72 Huntley St, London WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom)

2009-02-21

The application of a photoacoustic imaging instrument based upon a Fabry-Perot polymer film ultrasound sensor to imaging the superficial vasculature is described. This approach provides a backward mode-sensing configuration that has the potential to overcome the limitations of current piezoelectric based detection systems used in superficial photoacoustic imaging. The system has been evaluated by obtaining non-invasive images of the vasculature in human and mouse skin as well as mouse models of human colorectal tumours. These studies showed that the system can provide high-resolution 3D images of vascular structures to depths of up to 5 mm. It is considered that this type of instrument may find a role in the clinical assessment of conditions characterized by changes in the vasculature such as skin tumours and superficial soft tissue damage due to burns, wounds or ulceration. It may also find application in the characterization of small animal cancer models where it is important to follow the tumour vasculature over time in order to study its development and/or response to therapy.

Technology centre &apos;&apos;aspern IQ&apos;&apos;. Office buildings in the plus-energy building as a benchmark for future projects; Technologiezentrum &apos;&apos;aspern IQ&apos;&apos;. Buerohaus im Plus-Energie-Standard als Benchmark fuer kuenftige Projekte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Achammer, Hannes [ATP Wien (Austria); IWP Liebhartstal II, Wien (Austria); Technologiezentrum aspern IQ, Wien (Austria)

2012-11-01

With 240 hectares per 20,000 residents and working people the future seaside town Aspern is one of the largest urban development projects in Europe and the largest in Vienna (Austria). At the end of August 2012, the component 1 of the technology centre &apos;&apos;aspern IQ&apos;&apos; of the Vienna Business Agency has been completed at the first construction site. This first building construction was designed in the plus-energy standard. As a flagship project it exemplary shall be adapted to the local resource supply, provide the highest possible user experience and meet the requirements of sustainability.

Volumetric and superficial characterization of carbon activated

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carrera G, L.M.; Garcia S, I.; Jimenez B, J.; Solache R, M.; Lopez M, B.; Bulbulian G, S.; Olguin G, M.T.

2000-01-01

The activated carbon is the resultant material of the calcination process of natural carbonated materials as coconut shells or olive little bones. It is an excellent adsorbent of diluted substances, so much in colloidal form, as in particles form. Those substances are attracted and retained by the carbon surface. In this work is make the volumetric and superficial characterization of activated carbon treated thermically (300 Centigrade) in function of the grain size average. (Author)

Metrology for the radiological early warning system in Europe. The &apos;'MetroERM'&apos; project; Metrologie fuer die radiologischen Fruehwarnsysteme in Europa. Das &apos;'MetroERM'&apos;-Projekt

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neumaier, Stefan; Dombrowski, Harald [Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig (Germany)

2017-10-01

In the European radiological early warning system about 5500 stationary sensors are actually implemented that measure continuously the local dose rate. Alongside several hundred air dust collecting systems attribute to the measurement of airborne radioactivity. The local dose rates are transmitted hourly to a central data base that is operated on behalf of the EU commission. In significantly larger time intervals the measured data of the airborne radioactivity are transmitted. In case of a cross-border radiological accident these data are the basis for recommendations given by the EU commission to the member states for national counter measures. The focus of the project &apos;&apos;Metrology for radiological early warning networks in Europe&apos;&apos; is an improvement of the metrological quality and harmonization these data and the development of improved measuring systems and evaluation methods.

Developmental coxa vara associated with spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (DCV/SMD): &apos;&apos;SMD-Corner Fracture Type&apos;&apos; (DCV/SMD-CF) demonstrated in most reported cases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Currarino, G. [Texas Univ., Dallas, TX (United States). Dept. of Radiology; Department of Radiology, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, 2222 Welborn Street, Dallas, TX 75219 (United States); Birch, J.G.; Herring, J.A. [Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX (United States)

2000-01-01

Background. This paper reports three children with short stature: developmental coxa vara unilateral in the first case and bilateral in the other two; somewhat squared and &apos;'ovoid'&apos; vertebral bodies in the first patient, and normal to slightly tall vertebral bodies in the third; metaphyseal changes in some long tubular bones including bone fragments similar to the corner fractures seen in child abuse in all three patients. Materials and methods. The first and second patients were sisters; their mother, also quite short, had surgical procedures in early life for bilateral &apos;&apos;coxa vara&apos;&apos;; their brother, also of short stature, had bilateral coxa valga with otherwise normal femoral heads and necks, and mild metaphyseal changes associated with two minute &apos;&apos;corner fractures&apos;&apos; in the proximal metaphysis of the left tibia. Results. A review of reported cases of developmental coxa vara associated with spondylometaphyseal dysplasia revealed that simulated corner fractures were present in most instances. (orig.)

Neurothekeoma palpebrae in association with multiple superficial angiomyxomas: Tegumental Angiomyxoma- Neurothekeoma syndrome (TAN syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tan Aik Kah

2011-09-01

Full Text Available We report a case of 10-year-old Indian girl with history of multiple superficial angiomyxoma, presented with three months history of painless right upper lid swelling. There were no visual dysfunctions. Previously, the patient had multiple superficial angiomyxoma (left pinna, left upper cheek, left upper limb, chest, right axilla, hard palate and epidermal cyst (chin. The histopathological specimens were negative to S-100 protein antibody. Systemic review and family history was unremarkable. Excision biopsy and upper lid reconstruction were performed. Intraoperatively the tumor was multilobulated, firm, well encapsulated and did not invade the underlying tarsal plate. Histopathological features of the upperlid tumor were consistent with nerves sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of neurothekeoma in association with multiple superficial angiomyxoma.

Neurothekeoma palpebrae in association with multiple superficial angiomyxomas: Tegumental Angiomyxoma-Neurothekeoma syndrome (TAN syndrome).

Science.gov (United States)

Kah, Tan Aik; Yong, Ku Chui; Annuar, Faridah Hanom

2011-07-01

We report a case of 10-year-old Indian girl with history of multiple superficial angiomyxoma, presented with three months history of painless right upper lid swelling. There were no visual dysfunctions. Previously, the patient had multiple superficial angiomyxoma (left pinna, left upper cheek, left upper limb, chest, right axilla, hard palate) and epidermal cyst (chin). The histopathological specimens were negative to S-100 protein antibody. Systemic review and family history was unremarkable. Excision biopsy and upper lid reconstruction were performed. Intraoperatively the tumor was multilobulated, firm, well encapsulated and did not invade the underlying tarsal plate. Histopathological features of the upperlid tumor were consistent with nerves sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of neurothekeoma in association with multiple superficial angiomyxoma.

Corte y sellado reversible de dientes para obtener superficies internas de esmalte incólumes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Milena Santiago-Medina

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Las superficies internas de los dientes, que se obtienen por cortes con discos, están generalmente desorganizadas por los giros, la velocidad y la rugosidad del disco. El calor altera la superficie y el agua de la refrigeración la composición química porque disuelve los componentes. En estudios de difusión, el perfil se borra por el corte, lo que anula resultados. Objetivo: desarrollar un método de sellado de superficies internas, ya cortadas antes de los ensayos de difusión, sin dejar trazas químicas o partículas. Materiales y metedos: se probó in vitro la habilidad de cuatro materiales de sellado con 40 especimenes, provenientes de 20 coronas de terceros molares, cortadas sagitalmente. Los especímenes se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos (n = 10: G1: Teflón (Topex®, G2: Tela de caucho (Dental DAM®, G3: película de cloruro de polivinilo (Vinilpel® y G4: Cinta aislante (Tesa®. Se usó una solución de azul de metileno (AM al 2% por 6 días como indicadora de filtración. Por observación visual de cada muestra, se le asignó un valor (sí o no dependiendo de la presencia o ausencia de cualquier punto MB sobre la superficie de sellado. Los resultados fueron analizados siguiendo un modelo estadístico de respuesta binomial. Resultados: Siguiendo los procedimientos descritos, el teflón es el único material que previene la filtración de AM en la superficie interna expuesta por el corte. Conclusión: Se propone un protocolo de sellado reversible de las superficies internas con teflón, previo al corte de los dientes, para no alterar los resultados experimentales.

Is superficial burn caused by ultraviolet radiation (sunburn) comparable to superficial burn caused by heat--a histomorphological comparison by in vivo Reflectance-Mode-Confocal Microscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Altintas, M A; Altintas, A A; Guggenheim, M; Busch, K H; Niederbichler, A D; Aust, M C; Vogt, P M

2009-12-01

Regardless of the underlying cause, both sunburn and superficial thermal injuries are classified as first-degree burns, since data on morphological differences are scarce. Reflectance-Mode-Confocal Microscopy (RMCM) enables high-resolution non-invasive investigation of the human skin. We studied in vivo histomorphological alterations in both sunburn and superficial thermal injuries using RMCM. Ten patients (6 female, 4 male; aged 28.4 +/- 10.6 years) with first-degree thermal-contact Injuries (TI group), and 9 sunburned patients (SB group; 7 female, 2 male; aged 30.2 +/- 16.4 years), to a maximum extent of 10% of the body surface were evaluated 24 h after burn injury using RMCM. The following parameters were obtained using RMCM: stratum corneum thickness, epidermal thickness, basal layer thickness, granular cell size. Compared to the controls (12.8 +/- 2.5 microm), stratum corneum thickness decreased significantly to 10.6 +/- 2.1 microm in the TI group, whereas it increased significantly to 16.4 +/- 3.1 microm in the SB group. The epidermal thickness did not differ significantly in the TI group (47.9 +/- 2.3 microm) and SB group (49.1 +/- 3.5 microm); however, both increased significantly compared to their respective controls (41.8 +/- 1.4 microm). The basal layer thickness increased more in the SB group compared to the TI group (17.9 +/- 1.4 microm vs. 15.6 +/- 1.1 microm). Both differed also significantly compared to their controls (13.8 +/- 0.9 microm). The granular cell size increased significantly in both groups compared to the controls (731 +/- 42 microm); however, a significantly higher increase was observed in the TI group (852 +/- 58 microm) compared to the SB group (784 +/- 61 microm). Ultraviolet radiation seems to influence predominantly deeper epidermal layers, whereas heat-induced burns affect more superficial epidermal layers. The term 'First-degree burn' should not be used synonymously for sunburn and superficial thermal burn injuries. Conflicts of

Ultrathin endoscopy versus high-resolution endoscopy for diagnosing superficial gastric neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Toyoizumi, Hirobumi; Kaise, Mitsuru; Arakawa, Hiroshi; Yonezawa, Jin; Yoshida, Yukinaga; Kato, Masayuki; Yoshimura, Noboru; Goda, Ken-ichi; Tajiri, Hisao

2009-08-01

Ultrathin endoscopy (UTE) is an acceptable and cost-effective alternative to EGD with the patient under sedation, although the diagnostic accuracy of UTE is not well established. To compare the diagnostic accuracy of UTE and high-resolution endoscopy (HRE) for superficial gastric neoplasia. Prospective comparative study. Academic center. Patients with or without superficial gastric neoplasia underwent peroral UTE and HRE, back-to-back in a random order while under standard sedation. The procedures were performed by 2 endoscopists who were blinded to the clinical information. The rate of missed lesions and misdiagnosis, sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia when using pathology as the reference standard. In total, 126 lesions (41 superficial gastric neoplasias, 85 nonneoplastic lesions) were recorded in 57 enrolled patients. For the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia, the sensitivity of UTE (58.5%) was significantly (P = .021) lower than that of HRE (78%), and the specificity of UTE (91.8%) was significantly (P = .014) lower than that of HRE (100%). The rate of missed lesions and misdiagnosis of gastric neoplasias when using UTE (41.5%) was significantly (P > .001) higher than that of HRE (22.0%). The corresponding rate of neoplasias at the proximal portion (fornix and corpus) when using UTE (29%) was significantly (P = .002) higher than that of HRE (7.2%), although the rates of neoplasias at the distal portion (angulus and antrum) were comparable for UTE and HRE. Small sample numbers in an enriched population. The diagnostic accuracy of UTE is significantly lower than that of HRE for superficial gastric neoplasia, and this difference is particularly striking for neoplasias in the proximal stomach. For UTE to be used as an alternative modality, improvements in optical quality and the incorporation of additional procedures, including close-range observations and chromoendoscopy, are required to enhance visualization.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system | Govind | SA ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

progression of clinical deterioration but halting the chronic subarachoid haemorrhage will reduce the iron load in the CSF and hence the cytotoxic risk. We present a case of superficial siderosis presenting with hearing loss and cerebellar signs highlighting the imaging findings. South African Journal of Radiology Vol.

Active pollution reduction in the &apos;off-road&apos; sector. Proceedings; Aktive Schadstoffminderung im &apos;Off-road&apos; Bereich. Tagungsband

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-07-01

The state of the art and trends in off-gas purification and filters were gone into. The focus was on technical aspects, performance information and cost of diesel engines with high-efficiency exhaust purification systems as well as on sulfur-free fuels. [German] Mit der Tagung &apos;Aktive Schadstoffminderung im &apos;'Off-road'&apos; Bereich&apos; bieten wir eine besondere Gelegenheit zur Information und Auseinandersetzung mit dem derzeitigen Stand und den Entwicklungsperspektiven der Abgasreinigung und Filtertechnik bei Neubeschaffungen und in der Nachruestung. Gerade in staedtischen Ballungsgebieten, aber auch in geschlossenen Raeumen und Produktionshallen sind die Reduzierung der lokalen Emissionen und Vermeidung von Geruchsbelaestigungen unabdingbar. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Technik, Betriebserfahrungen und Kosten von Dieselmotoren mit hocheffizienter Abgasreinigung sowie schwefelfreie Kraftstoffe. (orig.)

Proliferation Resistance and Safeguards by Design: The Safeguardability Assessment Tool Provided by the INPRO Collaborative Project &apos;'INPRO'&apos; (Proliferation Resistance and Safeguardability Assessment)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haas, E.; Chang, H.-L.; Phillips, J.R.; Listner, C.

2015-01-01

Since the INPRO Collaborative Project on Proliferation Resistance and Safeguardability Assessment Tools (PROSA) was launched in 2011, Member State experts have worked with the INPRO Section and the IAEA Department of Safeguards to develop a revised methodology for self-assessment of sustainability in the area of proliferation resistance of a nuclear energy system (NES). With the common understanding that there is &apos;&apos;no proliferation resistance without safeguards&apos;&apos; the revised approach emphasizes the evaluation of a new &apos;User Requirement&apos; for &apos;'safeguardability'&apos;, that combines metrics of effective and efficient implementation of IAEA Safeguards including &apos;'Safeguards-by-Design'&apos; principles. The assessment with safeguardability as the key issue has been devised as a linear process evaluating the NES against a &apos;&apos;Basic Principle&apos;&apos; in the area of proliferation resistance, answering fundamental questions related to safeguards: 1) Do a State&apos;s legal commitments, policies and practices provide credible assurance of the exclusively peaceful use of the NES, including a legal basis for verification activities by the IAEA? 2) Does design and operation of the NES facilitate the effective and efficient implementation of IAEA safeguards? To answer those questions, a questionnaire approach has been developed that clearly identifies gaps and weaknesses. Gaps include prospects for improvements and needs for research and development. In this context, the PROSA approach assesses the safeguardability of a NES using a layered &apos;&apos;Evaluation Questionnaire&apos;&apos; that defines Evaluation Parameters (EP), EP-related questions, Illustrative Tests and Screening Questions to present and structure the evidence of findings. An integral part of the assessment process is Safeguards-by-Design, the identification of potential diversion, misuse and concealment strategies (coarse diversion path

Gross anatomy of superficial fascia and future localised fat deposit areas of the abdomen in foetus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pramod Kumar

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The development and popularity of body contouring procedures such as liposuction and abdominoplasty has renewed interest in the anatomy of the superficial fascia and subcutaneous fat deposits of the abdomen. The study of anatomy of fascia and fetal adipose tissue was proposed as it may be of value in understanding the possible programing of prevention of obesity. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to understand the gross anatomy of superficial fascia of abdomen and to study the gross anatomy of future localized fat deposits (LFDs area of abdomen in fetus. Materials and Methods: Four fetus (two male & two female of four month of intrauterine life were dissected. Attachments & layers of superficial fascia and future subcutaneous fat deposit area of upper and lower abdomen were noted. Results: Superficial fascia of the abdomen was multi layered in mid line and number of layers reduced laterally as in adult. The future abdominal LFD (localized fat deposits area in fetus shows brownish-white blubbary tissue without well-defined adult fat lobules. Conclusion: The attachment and gross anatomy of superficial fascia of the fetus was similar to that in adults. The future LFD areas showed brownish white blubbary tissue with ill-defined fat lobules.

The &apos;&apos;smart consumer&apos;&apos;. Consequences and future challenges from the modified customer role for the established energy supplier; Der &apos;&apos;smarte Verbraucher&apos;&apos;. Konsequenzen und kuenftige Herausforderungen aus der veraenderten Kundenrolle fuer die etablierten Energieversorger

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hense, Andreas [Capgemini Consulting, Koeln (Germany)

2011-07-01

Growing decentral generation, digitalization of the whole utilities sector and smart technologies are changing the role fo the &apos;'utilities'&apos; customers. From pure end consumers they will more and more shift to energy-conscious, demanding market players acting as well as producers of energy. This breaks the traditional value chain. In order to participate on the business chances of this development utilities have to build up new, innovative business models around the smart customer. Sustainable success of these approaches depends on some key requirements. (orig.)

IMA status seminar &apos;biotic damaging factors/epidemiology&apos;. Summaries. IMA-Statusseminar &apos;Biotische Schadfaktoren/Epidemiologie&apos;. Kurzberichte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stuettgen, E. (ed.)

1986-07-01

This workshop is concerned primarily with the effects of biotic factors on forest decline. The possible involvement of viruses, mycoplasma-like organisms (MLO), rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB), fungi, insects and nematodes in diseases and pests of forest trees has to be investigated. Beside abiotic factors these agents are the cause of different die-back symptoms and damage of trees, but it is not yet known to what extent they contribute to the symptoms man associate with the forest decline &apos;'Waldsterben'&apos;.

Probing the existence of the kaonic nuclear cluster &apos;&apos;ppK{sup -}&apos;&apos; with help of a PWA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Epple, Eliane [Physik Dept. E12, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Garching (Germany); Excellence Cluster ' ' Universe' ' , TEM, Garching (Germany); Collaboration: HADES-Collaboration

2015-07-01

The &apos;&apos;ppK{sup -}&apos;&apos; is a well established state in theory and is a candidate for a new kind of hadronic matter formed by antikaons and nucleons. The HADES spectrometer at GSI has probed the existence of such a state by measuring its possible decay products p and Λ. These decay products have been studied specifically in the reaction p+p → p+K{sup +}+Λ at a beam kinetic energy of 3.5 GeV. A partial wave analysis, performed on this final state, helped in describing the event distributions, which is a necessary condition to search for an additional small signal in the statistic. We have found no indication for the production of a kaonic nuclear bound state in our data and have, thus, set an upper limit for its production cross section. Furthermore, did we repeat the analysis of the DISTO collaboration in which a signal like distribution appeared in so-called deviation spectra. We can show that this method is error-prone in terms of the applied selection cuts and is, thus, not reliable in order to make statements about the &apos;&apos;ppK{sup -}&apos;&apos;.

Porosity. &apos;&apos;The good, the bad and ugly&apos;&apos; of Radiographic Testing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vaughan, Hugo

2016-01-01

&apos;&apos;Radiographic Testing is a NDT method to detect inherent volumetric discontinuities in materials such as castings and welds&apos;&apos; A common type of discontinuity found and most often misinterpreted and evaluated is rounded indications, whether isolated, aligned or clustered. This paper addresses the acceptance criteria of rounded indications based on various codes and standards and intends to lay at rest the confusion related to this type of discontinuity. The following are important considerations: 1. Interpretation of rounded indications based on codes and standards used in the various sectors of NDT. 2. What types of discontinuities can be regarded as rounded indications? 3. What discontinuity sizes can be regarded as relevant discontinuities? 4. What are the acceptance and rejection criteria for relevant rounded indications 5. Compiling relevant student assignments to facilitate the proper understanding of this aspect.

&apos;&apos;Wie alles sich zum Ganzen webt&apos;&apos;: on a new orientation for the concept of matter, based on relations between quantum physics and cosmology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goernitz, T. [Inst. fuer Didaktik der Physik, J.W.Goethe-Univ., Frankfurt/Main (Germany)

2007-07-01

It is common sense between physicists that in the beginning the cosmos is in a narrow relationship to quantum phenomena. Because of the universal validity of quantum theory this relation remains significant in the whole cosmic evolution. Whereas a classical approach is sufficient for the description of many phenomena it is no more useful at last for the case of the ground state of a system. This holds also for the cosmos. The black holes are that part of physics where quantum theory and gravitational theory come into close contact. There a Gedankenexperiment becomes possible that clarifies the fundamental role of abstract quantum information. We give it a new name (Protyposis) because it must be imagined without emitter, receiver and moreover without any concrete meaning. This meaning-free abstract quantum information is defined by means of black holes and cosmology. Protyposis enables a new conception for &apos;'matter'&apos; and makes possible to overcome the problems of the &apos;'Lego-world-view'&apos;, which result from the attempt to find the &apos;&apos;simple and therefore basic concepts&apos;&apos; in the range of spatial smallness. Matter can be understood now as &apos;&apos;formed and condensed quantum information&apos;&apos;. But on a first view it is nothing to see from its character of being information, as like matter does not appear as &apos;&apos;pure motion&apos;&apos;, what it is also because of E=mc{sup 2}. (orig.)

&apos;'VaneCAM'&apos; - the third generation of camshaft adjustment systems; &apos;'VaneCAM'&apos; - Nockenwellenversteller der dritten Generation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Knecht, A. [Hydraulik-Ring GmbH, Nuertingen (Germany). Entwicklung Motorentechnik; Stephan, W. [Hydraulik-Ring GmbH, Nuertingen (Germany); Hannibal, W. [Fachhochschule Suedwestfalen, Iserlohn (Germany). Labor fuer Konstruktion und CAE-Anwendungen

2002-04-01

Continuously variable camphasers are now well established for modern spark-ignition engines in high-volume production. With the latest generation of camshaft adjustment systems using the vane-type actuator principle, it is possible to move rapidly and reliably through a large adjustment angle. The layout of these adjusting systems is very simple. The production costs are low in comparison to the first generation of camphasers using spur/helical gears to vary the valve timing. The new-generation systems are mechatronic, with the function depending on the coordination and tuning of hydraulic actuation and engine electronics. The term &apos;VaneCAM&apos; is used for the continuously variable systems of this new generation supplied by Hydraulik-Ring in Nuertingen, Germany. (orig.) [German] Stufenlos wirkende Nockenwellenversteller haben sich an modernen Ottomotoren in den letzten Jahren in der Grossserie etabliert. Mit der neuesten Generation von Nockenwellenverstellern, die nach dem Schwenkmotor-Prinzip aufgebaut sind, lassen sich grosse Verdrehwinkel sehr schnell und betriebssicher verstellen. Der Aufbau dieser Versteller ist einfach, und die Herstellkosten sind gering im Vergleich zur ersten Generation von Verstellern. Bei den Systemen der neuen Generation handelt es sich um mechatronische Systeme, deren Funktion von dem Zusammenspiel und der Abstimmung von hydraulischer Ansteuerung und Motorelektronik abhaengt. Mit dem Begriff &apos;VaneCAM&apos; werden die stufenlos wirkenden Systeme dieser neuen Generation von Hydraulik-Ring aus Nuertingen bezeichnet. (orig.)

Conference-debate &apos;When nuclear science provides health care&apos; - Proceedings; conference debat &apos;Quand le nucleaire soigne&apos; - Recueil des presentations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-03-15

At the occasion of the 2. issue of the &apos;Industry week, the &apos;French society of nuclear energy (SFEN) young generation&apos; and the &apos;Women in Nuclear (WIN)&apos; associations have organised in partnership with Nucleopolis and the Cherbourg-Normandie Techno-pole, a conference day on the topic &apos;why and how nuclear energy is used for cancer therapy&apos;. Professors Jacques Foos, Jean Datchary and Denis Agostini were invited to treat this question. This document is the compilation of their 3 presentations: 1 - The discovery, principle and medical applications of radioactivity (J. Foos, CNAM); 2 - Cancer diagnosis and therapy with nuclear medicine (D. Agostini, CHU Caen); 3 - From diagnosis to therapy: the various radiotherapy methods (J. Datchary)

Sustainable Agriculture: enhancing the &apos;neem cake&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mariani, Susanna

2015-01-01

The &apos;neem cake&apos; is the scrap processing of the industrial chain producing neem oil and azadirachtin. The ENEA Technical Unit Environment and Sustainable Development Innovation the Agro-Industrial System, developed a promising experiment to promote the use of &apos;neem cake&apos; as an insecticide, and fertilizer of low cost in sustainable agriculture. [it

Parents&apos; Views of Schools&apos; Involvement Efforts

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez, Raymond J.; Blatz, Erin T.; Elbaum, Batya

2014-01-01

Individual and focus group interviews were conducted with 96 parents of students with disabilities in 18 schools to explore parents&apos; views of schools&apos; efforts to engage them in their child&apos;s education. A mixed-methods approach was used to identify and evaluate the relative importance of eight themes related to schools&apos; efforts…

Fundamental limitations on &apos;warp drive&apos; spacetimes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lobo, Francisco S N [Centro de Astronomia e AstrofIsica da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8 1749-016 Lisbon (Portugal); Visser, Matt [School of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington (New Zealand)

2004-12-21

&apos;Warp drive&apos; spacetimes are useful as &apos;gedanken-experiments&apos; that force us to confront the foundations of general relativity, and among other things, to precisely formulate the notion of &apos;superluminal&apos; communication. After carefully formulating the Alcubierre and Natario warp drive spacetimes, and verifying their non-perturbative violation of the classical energy conditions, we consider a more modest question and apply linearized gravity to the weak-field warp drive, testing the energy conditions to first and second orders of the warp-bubble velocity, v. Since we take the warp-bubble velocity to be non-relativistic, v << c, we are not primarily interested in the &apos;superluminal&apos; features of the warp drive. Instead we focus on a secondary feature of the warp drive that has not previously been remarked upon-the warp drive (if it could be built) would be an example of a &apos;reaction-less drive&apos;. For both the Alcubierre and Natario warp drives we find that the occurrence of significant energy condition violations is not just a high-speed effect, but that the violations persist even at arbitrarily low speeds. A particularly interesting feature of this construction is that it is now meaningful to think of placing a finite mass spaceship at the centre of the warp bubble, and then see how the energy in the warp field compares with the mass-energy of the spaceship. There is no hope of doing this in Alcubierre&apos;s original version of the warp field, since by definition the point at the centre of the warp bubble moves on a geodesic and is &apos;massless&apos;. That is, in Alcubierre&apos;s original formalism and in the Natario formalism the spaceship is always treated as a test particle, while in the linearized theory we can treat the spaceship as a finite mass object. For both the Alcubierre and Natario warp drives we find that even at low speeds the net (negative) energy stored in the warp fields must be a significant fraction

Transdermal drug delivery: feasibility for treatment of superficial bone stress fractures.

Science.gov (United States)

Aghazadeh-Habashi, Ali; Yang, Yang; Tang, Kathy; Lőbenberg, Raimar; Doschak, Michael R

2015-12-01

Transdermal drug delivery offers the promise of effective drug therapy at selective sites of pathology whilst reducing systemic exposure to the pharmaceutical agents in off-target organs and tissues. However, that strategy is often limited to cells comprising superficial tissues of the body (rarely to deeper bony structures) and mostly indicated with small hydrophobic pharmacological agents, such as steroid hormones and anti-inflammatory gels to skin, muscle, and joints. Nonetheless, advances in transdermal liposomal formulation have rendered the ability to readily incorporate pharmacologically active hydrophilic drug molecules and small peptide biologics into transdermal dosage forms to impart the effective delivery of those bioactive agents across the skin barrier to underlying superficial tissue structures including bone, often enhanced by some form of electrical, chemical, and mechanical facilitation. In the following review, we evaluate transdermal drug delivery systems, with a particular focus on delivering therapeutic agents to treat superficial bone pain, notably stress fractures. We further introduce and discuss several small peptide hormones active in bone (such as calcitonins and parathyroid hormone) that have shown potential for transdermal delivery, often under the added augmentation of transdermal drug delivery systems that employ lipo/hydrophilicity, electric charge, and/or microprojection facilitation across the skin barrier.

Reducing the negative vocal effects of superficial laryngeal dehydration with humidification.

Science.gov (United States)

Levendoski, Elizabeth Erickson; Sundarrajan, Anusha; Sivasankar, M Preeti

2014-07-01

Environmental humidification is a simple, cost-effective method believed to reduce superficial laryngeal drying. This study sought to validate this belief by investigating whether humidification treatment would reduce the negative effects of superficial laryngeal dehydration on phonation threshold pressure (PTP). Phonation threshold pressure data analysis may be vulnerable to bias because of lack of investigator blinding. Consequently, this study investigated the extent of PTP analysis reliability between unblinded and blinded investigators. Healthy male and female adults were assigned to a vocal fatigue (n = 20) or control group (n = 20) based on their responses to a questionnaire. PTP was assessed after 2 hours of mouth breathing in low humidity (dehydration challenge), following a 5-minute break in ambient humidity, and after 2 hours of mouth breathing in high humidity (humidification). PTP significantly increased following the laryngeal dehydration challenge. After humidification, PTP returned toward baseline. These effects were observed in both subject groups. PTP measurements were highly correlated between the unblinded and blinded investigator. Humidification may be an effective approach to decrease the detrimental voice effects of superficial laryngeal dehydration. These data lay the foundation for future investigations aimed at preventing and treating the negative voice changes associated with chronic, surface laryngeal drying.

Reconstruction of surface morphology from coherent scattering of &apos;'white'&apos; synchrotron radiation in hard X-ray regime

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sant, Tushar

2009-07-01

Energy Dispersive Reflectometry (EDR) beamline at BESSY II provides &apos;'white'&apos; X-rays in the useful energy range of 5apos;'trivial'&apos; samples to determine the so called apparatus function. In addition I measured coherent reflectivity maps from thin film of highly scattering material of Pt with high atom number, Z=78 and patterned semiconducting surface like a GaAs surface grating which provides a certain periodicity in the measured scattering intensity. Finally I measured the surface speckles from a spatially confined Si wafer under the constraint that the size of the sample is smaller than the footprint of the incoming beam at the sample position. To reconstruct surface morphology from coherent reflectivity data is a typical inverse problem. Conventional phase retrieval algorithms like Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm, error reduction (ER) algorithm, hybrid input-output (HIO) algorithm are used in earlier work by other authors. I modified the conventional GS algorithm and ER algorithm which takes into account the additional Fresnel propagator term and also the illumination function at the sample position. I tested the modified algorithm successfully for a model surface in the form of a surface grating. I used the modified algorithm to reconstruct surface morphology from various static speckle measurements I performed at EDR beamline. The surface profiles reconstructed for different samples from the data at different energies (below the critical energy for the material at a particular incident angle) show almost the same roughness behavior for surface height with mean roughness of {proportional_to}1 nm. With the static speckle data I measured I could retrieve a one-dimensional picture of the sample surface with spatial

&apos;&apos;After the Genome 5 Conference&apos;&apos; to be held October 6-10, 1999 in Jackson Hole, Wyoming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roger Brent

1999-10-06

OAK B139 The postgenomic era is arriving faster than anyone had imagined--sometime during 2000 we&apos;ll have a large fraction of the human genome sequence. Heretofore, our understanding of function has come from non-industrial experiments whose conclusions were largely framed in human language. The advent of large amounts of sequence data, and of &apos;&apos;functional genomic&apos;&apos; data types such as mRNA expression data, have changed this picture. These data share the feature that individual observations and measurements are typically relatively low value adding. Such data is now being generated so rapidly that the amount of information contained in it will surpass the amount of biological information collected by traditional means. It is tantalizing to envision using genomic information to create a quantitative biology with a very strong data component. Unfortunately, we are very early in our understanding of how to &apos;&apos;compute on&apos;&apos; genomic information so as to extract biological knowledge from i t. In fact, some current efforts to come to grips with genomic information often resemble a computer savvy library science, where the most important issues concern categories, classification schemes, and information retrieval. When exploring new libraries, a measure of cataloging and inventory is surely inevitable. However, at some point we will need to move from library science to scholarship.We would like to achieve a quantitative and predictive understanding of biological function. We realize that making the bridge from knowledge of systems to the sets of abstractions that constitute computable entities is not easy. The After the Genome meetings were started in 1995 to help the biological community think about and prepare for the changes in biological research in the face of the oncoming flow of genomic information. The term &apos;&apos;After the Genome&apos;&apos; refers to a future in which complete inventories of the gene products of

The &apos;Energy transition&apos; generation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bedossa, Bastien; Boutignon, Gregoire; Sivy, Corentin; Bercault, Florian; Cage, Agathe; Mahammedi-Bouzina, Mehdi; Potton, Gregoire

2015-11-01

The &apos;Cartes sur table&apos; think tank aims at leveraging the opinion of young French people (from 20 to 35 years old) politically leaning to the left, in order to let them become actors in French debates, such as the one on the energy transition policy for a &apos;green growth&apos;. This paper explains the origins and the context of the energy transition policy (the dangers of nuclear power, the high potential of renewable energies, etc.), how to finance the energy transition policy, how to promote energy transition in the daily life (notably in transports and through the struggle against wastage), create a Europe of energy, and so on

The location selection act or &apos;the Emperor&apos;s new clothes&apos;; Das Standortauswahlgesetz oder &apos;Des Kaisers neue Kleider&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feldmann, Ulrike

2013-10-15

As is generally known, the governing parties CDU/CSU and FDP agreed a few weeks ago in the 17{sup th} legislative period of the German Bundestag in a rare show of unanimity, together with the parties SPD and Buendnis 90/Die Gruenen, as well as with the Laender, on a &apos;law to search and select a location for a permanent disposal site for heat-generating radioactive waste products and to change other laws&apos;, in brief a location selection act also called StandAG. The law was received with animated approval from the ranks of the parties - with the exception of the (left-wing) party Die Linke. This praise is a tad bewildering, since the Bundesumweltministerium (Federal Department of the Environment) named solving the task within a single generation as one of the principles for the StandAG, and it was emphasised again and again in the debates about the StandAG that the problem of permanent disposal must not be shifted to the next generation. Conclusion: - The StandAG leads to a postponement of solving the permanent disposal site issue by a least several generations with its predictable, long-winded selection method. - The decision not to explore Gorleben conclusively could lead to the site being permanently (&apos;wasted&apos; or) &apos;burned&apos;. - The de-central, interim disposal site Gorleben is likewise &apos;burned&apos; without having a resilient alternative solution for the glass coquilles that must be taken back. - The people&apos;s protest is exponentiated by the number of the potential sites for the StandAG. - The costs for the alternative site search will not be shifted to the producers of the waste that are obliged by law to deliver the waste because of the financial provisions of the constitution. - The third party protection dogma has not been broken up, which will at least lead to delays in the procedure and will have effects on other major projects in the long run. (orig.)

&apos;Minergie&apos; modernisation - Test in practice; Praxistest Minergie-Modernisierung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ruetter, H.; Ruetter-Fischbacher, U. [Ruetter und Partner, Soziooekonomische Forschung und Beratung, Rueschlikon (Switzerland); Haessig, W. [Haessig Sustech GmbH - Ingenieurbuero fuer Minergie und nachhaltige Gebaeudetechnik, Uster (Switzerland); Jakob, M. [TEP Energy GmbH, CEPE ETH, Zuerich (Switzerland)

2008-07-01

This comprehensive report for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) examines the results obtained in practice concerning the use of the &apos;Minergie&apos; low energy consumption standard. Experience gained with &apos;Minergie&apos; refurbishment projects is reviewed and the critical points and constraints found are discussed. Further, recommendations for improvements in the use of the &apos;Minergie&apos; standard are made. The study is based on questions posed to building owners in the German speaking part of Switzerland who have carried out refurbishment projects to meet &apos;Minergie&apos; standards as well as questions posed to those who did not adhere to &apos;Minergie&apos; standards in the refurbishment of their buildings. The reasons quoted for using / not using the standard are listed and discussed. Possible tightening of energy regulations concerning renovation work are discussed. The recommendations resulting from the survey are also noted and discussed.

Accidents, &apos;Black Swans&apos; and risk

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luxat, J.C., E-mail: luxatj@mcmaster.ca [McMaster Univ., Dept. of Engineering Physics, Hamilton, Ontario (Canada)

2013-07-01

Major accidents and natural disasters with severe consequences have occurred in all sectors of industrial activity with relatively high frequency. The severe consequences of concern involve either significant loss of life or major economic loss, or both loss of life and economic loss. Such events have in the last two years often been referred to as &apos;Black Swan&apos; events following publication of a best-selling book. The events demonstrate limits to the application of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) that arise from the underlying unquantifiable uncertainty associated with the estimation of the frequency of occurrence of such events. An approach is proposed in this paper that, consistent with the concept of defense in depth employed by the nuclear industry, augments probabilistic risk assessment with a methodology based upon &apos;threat -risk assessment&apos;. This approach shifts these very low frequency, high uncertainty, and high consequence &apos;Black Swan&apos; events out of the probabilistic risk assessment domain and into a deterministic emergency response assessment domain. (author)

Accidents, &apos;Black Swans&apos; and risk

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luxat, J.C.

2013-01-01

Major accidents and natural disasters with severe consequences have occurred in all sectors of industrial activity with relatively high frequency. The severe consequences of concern involve either significant loss of life or major economic loss, or both loss of life and economic loss. Such events have in the last two years often been referred to as &apos;Black Swan&apos; events following publication of a best-selling book. The events demonstrate limits to the application of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) that arise from the underlying unquantifiable uncertainty associated with the estimation of the frequency of occurrence of such events. An approach is proposed in this paper that, consistent with the concept of defense in depth employed by the nuclear industry, augments probabilistic risk assessment with a methodology based upon &apos;threat -risk assessment&apos;. This approach shifts these very low frequency, high uncertainty, and high consequence &apos;Black Swan&apos; events out of the probabilistic risk assessment domain and into a deterministic emergency response assessment domain. (author)

DGMK spring meeting of the &apos;Exploration and Production&apos; department. Authors&apos; manuscripts; DGMK-Fruehjahrstagung des Fachbereichs &apos;Aufsuchung und Gewinnung&apos;. Autorenmanuskripte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

The spring meeting of the Deutsche Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft fuer Erdoel, Erdgas und Kohle e.V. focused on exploration and production. Papers were presented on exploration and production in general, geology, deposit development, extraction of petroleum/natural gas, drilling, underground storage, geophysics and geochemistry. [German] Die Fruehjahrstagung der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft fuer Erdoel, Erdgas und Kohle e.V. wurde vom Fachbereich &apos;&apos;Aufsuchung und Gewinnung&apos;&apos; bestimmt. Die Vortraege beschaeftigten sich mit den Gebieten Exploration and Production allgemein, Geologie, Lagerstaettentechnik, Foerdertechnik fuer Erdoel/Erdgas, Bohrtechnik, Untertagesspeichertechnik, Geophysik und Geochemie.

Resource consumption of Germany - indicators and definitions. Development of a glossary on the concept of &apos;'resources'&apos; and calculation of missing characteristic data of resources consumption for further political analysis; Ressourcenverbrauch von Deutschland - aktuelle Kennzahlen und Begriffsbestimmungen. Erstellung eines Glossars zum &apos;'Ressourcenbegriff'&apos; und Berechnung von fehlenden Kennzahlen des Ressourcenverbrauchs fuer die weitere politische Analyse

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schuetz, Helmut; Bringezu, Stefan [Wuppertal Institut fuer Klima, Umwelt, Energie GmbH, Wuppertal (Germany). Forschungsgruppe 3: Stoffstroeme und Ressourcenmanagement

2008-02-15

The goals of the reported study are: - to prepare a glossary on the term &apos;'Resources'&apos; in order to support communication based on a harmonised resource term and associated terms and - to provide key data on resource use in Germany in time series since 1991 up to the most recent year for which data were available (2004 in general), and to attribute results to the resource terms. Results achieved are presented and discussed below by the following sections: Provision of a glossary on the term &apos;'resource'&apos;, use of the term &apos;'resource'&apos; at different levels, and provision of data and derived indicators for resource consumption in time series. First, a list of the relevant publications in the topic field &apos;'resources'&apos; was provided and co-ordinated with the client. This publication list is given in the annex to this report. On basis of national and international sources a glossary was provided which clearly describes and comments the resource term, its sub-terms and associated terms. This glossary is in the annex to this report. (orig.)

Tratamento do aneurisma aterosclerótico da artéria temporal superficial: relato de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Dayana Matkovski

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ResumoAneurismas da artéria temporal superficial são incomuns segundo a literatura. A grande maioria é secundária a traumatismos ou cirurgia na região temporal, sendo que 95% dos casos evoluem para pseudoaneurismas. Entretanto, os aneurismas verdadeiros ou espontâneos são extremamente raros e representam 8% dos casos de aneurismas da artéria temporal superficial, sendo estes, geralmente, de origem aterosclerótica. Aneurismas temporais espontâneos podem coexistir com outras lesões vasculares, incluindo aneurismas intracranianos. Nosso relato trata de um paciente com aneurisma de artéria temporal superficial esquerda, de origem aterosclerótica, no qual foi realizada a excisão cirúrgica, sob anestesia geral.

Risk factors associated with acquiring superficial fungal infections in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

extensively documented. It is therefore imperative to identify the factors that predispose to the development of SFI so as to provide evidence-based and effective pre- ventive measures, thus reducing the prevalence and the attendant morbidity associated with superficial fungal in- fections and this was our aim in this present ...

KONTEC 2013. 11{sup th} international symposium on &apos;Conditioning of radioactive operational and decommissioning waste&apos; and 11{sup th} BMBF status report on &apos;Decommissioning and demolition of nuclear facilities&apos;; KONTEC 2013. 11. internationales Symposium &apos;Konditionierung radioaktiver Betriebs- und Stilllegungsabfaelle&apos; einschliesslich 11. Statusbericht des BMBF &apos;Stilllegung und Rueckbau kerntechnischer Anlagen&apos;. Veranstaltungsbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2013-06-15

KONTEC 2013 was held in Dresden on 13 to 15 March 2013. The 11{sup th} event organized under this heading dealt with the subjects of &apos;Conditioning of Radioactive Operational and Decommissioning Waste&apos; and &apos;Decommissioning and Demolition of Nuclear Facilities&apos; including the R and D Status Report by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) on the same subject. The conference was attended by an international audience from 19 countries. The program included plenary sessions on these 4 key topics: - Disposal of Radioactive Residues from Nuclear Facilities&apos; Operation and Decommissioning. - Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities. - Facilities and Systems for the Conditioning of Operational and Decommissioning Wastes. - Transport, Interim and Final Storage of Non-heat Generating Wastes (i.e. Konrad). These sessions were accompanied by poster sessions and short presentations under the heading of &apos;Kontec Direct.&apos; The best presentations of the categories Plenary Session Presentation, Poster Presentation and Kontec-Direct have been awarded. In detail, &apos;Dismantling of Russian nuclear powered submarines&apos; by Detlef Mietann, &apos;Requalification of &apos;Old Packages&apos; for the Konrad Repository Described for the Model Case of Packages from Storage Annex A and Repackaging of Containers Holding Compacts in Hall 2 of the GNS Plant&apos; by Martina Koessler, Sebastian Schwall and Pascal Budriks, and &apos;Electrochemical process development for cleaning organic, C-14-labelled waste solutions&apos; by Hans-Juergen Friedrich. (orig.)

Honey compared with silver sulphadiazine in the treatment of superficial partial-thickness burns.

Science.gov (United States)

Malik, Kamran Ishaque; Malik, M A Nasir; Aslam, Azhar

2010-10-01

Burn injury is associated with a high incidence of death and disability; yet, its management remains problematic and costly. We conducted this clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of honey in the treatment of superficial and partial-thickness burns covering less than 40% of body surface area and compared its results with those of silver sulphadiazine (SSD). In this randomised comparative clinical trial, carried out Burn Center of POF Hospital, Wah Cantt, Pakistan, from May 2007 to February 2008, 150 patients of all ages having similar types of superficial and partial-thickness burns at two sites on different parts of body were included. Each patient had one burn site treated with honey and one treated with topical SSD, randomly. The rate of re-epithelialization and healing of superficial and partial-thickness burns was significantly faster in the sites treated with honey than in the sites treated with SSD (13·47 ± 4·06 versus 15·62 ± 4·40 days, respectively: P honey healed completely in less than 21 days versus 24 days for the site treated with SSD. Six patients had positive culture for Pseudomonas aeroginsa in honey-treated site, whereas 27 patients had positive culture in SSD-treated site. The results clearly showed greater efficacy of honey over SSD cream for treating superficial and partial-thickness burns. 2010 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and Medicalhelplines.com Inc.

Removal of dissolved organic carbon in pilot wetlands of subsuperficial and superficial flows

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ruth M. Agudelo C

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: to compare removal of dissolved organic carbon (d o c obtained with pilot wetlands of subsuperficial flow (p h s s and superficial flow (p h s, with Phragmites australis as treatment alternatives for domestic residual waters of small communities and rural areas. Methodology: an exploratory and experimental study was carried out adding 100,12 mg/L of dissolved organic carbon to synthetic water contaminated with Chlorpyrifos in order to feed the wetlands. A total amount of 20 samples were done, 16 of them in four experiments and the other ones in the intervals with no use of pesticides. Samples were taken on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 in the six wetlands, three of them subsuperficial, and three of them superficial. The main variable answer was dissolved organic carbon, measured in the organic carbon analyzer. Results: a high efficiency in the removal of d o c was obtained with the two types of wetlands: 92,3% with subsuperficial flow and 95,6% with superficial flow. Such a high removal was due to the interaction between plants, gravel and microorganisms. Conclusion: although in both types of wetlands the removal was high and similar, it is recommended to use those of subsuperficial flow because in the superficial ones algae and gelatinous bio-films are developed, which becomes favorable to the development of important epidemiologic vectors in terms of public health.

Superficial femoral artery: current treatment options

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tepe, Gunnar; Schmehl, Joerg; Heller, Stephan; Wiesinger, Benjamin; Claussen, Claus D.; Duda, Stephan H.

2006-01-01

Treatment of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) has been among the least effective of all endovascular procedures in terms of long-term patency. The relatively small vessel lumen, in conjunction with a high plaque burden, slow flow, and a high frequency of primary occlusions, contributes to a considerable rate of acute technical failures. Because of these technical limitations a much effort has been made during the past years. This manuscript should summarize the hopes and limitations of different approaches such as brachytherapy, cutting balloons, stents and stent grafts, drug-eluting stents, and drug-coated balloons. (orig.)

Proposal of a simple screening method for a rapid preliminary evaluation of &apos;&apos;heavy metals&apos;&apos; mobility in soils of contaminated sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinto, Valentina; Chiusolo, Francesca; Cremisini, Carlo [ENEA - Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment, Rome (Italy). Section PROTCHIM

2010-09-15

Risks associated to &apos;&apos;heavy metals&apos;&apos; (HM) soil contamination depend not only on their total content but, mostly, on their mobility. Many extraction procedures have been developed to evaluate HM mobility in contaminated soils, but they are generally time consuming (especially the sequential extraction procedures (SEPs)) and consequently applicable on a limited number of samples. For this reason, a simple screening method, applicable even &apos;&apos;in field&apos;&apos;, has been proposed in order to obtain a rapid evaluation of HM mobility in polluted soils, mainly focused on the fraction associated to Fe and Mn oxide/hydroxides. A buffer solution of trisodium citrate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride was used as extractant for a single-step leaching test. The choice of this buffered solution was strictly related to the possibility of directly determining, via titration with dithizone (DZ), the content of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd, which are among the most representative contaminants in highly mineralised soils. Moreover, the extraction solution is similar, aside from for the pH value, which is the one used in the BCR SEP second step. The analysis of bivalents ions through DZ titration was exploited in order to further simplify and quicken the whole procedure. The proposed method generically measures, in few minutes, the concentration of total extractable &apos;&apos;heavy metals&apos;&apos; expressed as molL{sup -1} without distinguishing between elements. The proposed screening method has been developed and applied on soil samples collected from rural, urban and mining areas, representing different situation of soil contamination. Results were compared with data obtained from the BCR procedure. The screening method demonstrated to be a reliable tool for a rapid evaluation of metals mobility. Therefore, it could be very useful, even &apos;&apos;in field&apos;&apos;, both to guide the sampling activity on site and to monitor the efficacy of the subsequent

Einstein-Rosen &apos;bridge&apos; revisited and lightlike thin-shell wormholes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guendelman, E.; Nissimov, E.; Pacheva, S.; Stoilov, M.

2017-01-01

We study in some detail the properties of the mathematically correct formulation of the classical Einstein-Rosen &apos;bridge&apos; as proposed in the original 1935 paper, which was shown in a series of previous papers of ours to represent the simplest example of a static spherically symmetric traversable lightlike thin-shell wormhole. Thus, the original Einstein-Rosen &apos;bridge&apos; is not equivalent to the concept of the dynamical and non-traversable Schwarzschild wormhole, also called &apos;Einstein-Rosen bridge&apos; in modern textbooks on general relativity. The original Einstein-Rosen &apos;bridge&apos; requires the presence of a special kind of &apos;exotic&apos; matter source located on its throat which was shown to be the simplest member of the previously introduced by us class of lightlike membranes. We introduce and exploit the Kruskal-Penrose description of the original Einstein-Rosen &apos;bridge&apos;. In particular, we explicitly construct closed timelike geodesics on the pertinent Kruskal-Penrose manifold.

Flow Perturbation Mediates Neutrophil Recruitment and Potentiates Endothelial Injury via TLR2 in Mice: Implications for Superficial Erosion.

Science.gov (United States)

Franck, Grégory; Mawson, Thomas; Sausen, Grasiele; Salinas, Manuel; Masson, Gustavo Santos; Cole, Andrew; Beltrami-Moreira, Marina; Chatzizisis, Yiannis; Quillard, Thibault; Tesmenitsky, Yevgenia; Shvartz, Eugenia; Sukhova, Galina K; Swirski, Filip K; Nahrendorf, Matthias; Aikawa, Elena; Croce, Kevin J; Libby, Peter

2017-06-23

Superficial erosion currently causes up to a third of acute coronary syndromes; yet, we lack understanding of its mechanisms. Thrombi because of superficial intimal erosion characteristically complicate matrix-rich atheromata in regions of flow perturbation. This study tested in vivo the involvement of disturbed flow and of neutrophils, hyaluronan, and Toll-like receptor 2 ligation in superficial intimal injury, a process implicated in superficial erosion. In mouse carotid arteries with established intimal lesions tailored to resemble the substrate of human eroded plaques, acute flow perturbation promoted downstream endothelial cell activation, neutrophil accumulation, endothelial cell death and desquamation, and mural thrombosis. Neutrophil loss-of-function limited these findings. Toll-like receptor 2 agonism activated luminal endothelial cells, and deficiency of this innate immune receptor decreased intimal neutrophil adherence in regions of local flow disturbance, reducing endothelial cell injury and local thrombosis ( P <0.05). These results implicate flow disturbance, neutrophils, and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling as mechanisms that contribute to superficial erosion, a cause of acute coronary syndrome of likely growing importance in the statin era. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

&apos;Bluetooth&apos; for radio-connecting short distance; Kinkyori wo musen setsuzokusuru &apos;Bluetooth&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

&apos;Bluetooth&apos; is a new connection method for radio-connecting a short distance by means of mobile equipment including a note PC, PC peripheral equipment and portable telephone, using 2.4GHz ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical) band. It is capable of making a network without a complex operation, enabling data and audio communications. In May, 1998, an operation for deciding on the specifications was started under the leadership of five companies consisting of Ericsson, Nokia, Intel, IBM and Toshiba, with the specification version 1.0 completed in July, 1999 and opened to the public. (readable on http://www.bluetooth.com). Using such features as low power consumption, low cost and small size, the &apos;Bluetooth&apos; will be mounted on various kinds of mobile equipment and developed in mobile PAN (Personal Area Network). (translated by NEDO)

Radiación acústica por superficies planas: Aplicación a altavoces

OpenAIRE

Alba, Jesús; Ramis, Jaime; Espinosa, Víctor; Sánchez, Víctor

2003-01-01

En los sistemas de reproducción sonora es habitual la utilización de altavoces dinámicos. Sin embargo, en aplicaciones específicas, puede ser necesaria y/o conveniente la utilización de altavoces alternativos con superficies planas como diafragma, como los electrostáticos o los basados en la tecnología NXT© . Estos altavoces generan el campo acústico mediante la vibración de una superficie rectangular. Se puede suponer, en una primera aproximación, que todos los puntos sobre su su...

Vertiefungskurs 2014. Safety margins in nuclear power plants. Identify, quantify and extend; Vertiefungskurs 2014 zum Thema &apos;&apos;Sicherheitsmargen in Kernkraftwerken. Identifizieren, quantifizieren, erweitern&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rey, Matthias

2015-02-15

Fifteen speakers dealt with the topic safety margins in nuclear power plants from different points of view at the &apos;&apos;Vertiefungskurs 2014&apos;&apos; of the Nuklearforum Schweiz in Olten, 4 and 5 November 2014. In the context of the &apos;&apos;Vertiefungskurs 2014&apos;&apos; the safety margins in power plants were considered and quantified and possible extensions have been discussed. The conference started with an in-depth introduction of the basis design of existing nuclear power plants. Thereafter speakers told about the main topics emergency preparedness, knowledge management and safety retrofit of nuclear power plants in operation.

MID-INFRARED HIGH-CONTRAST IMAGING OF HD 114174 B: AN APPARENT AGE DISCREPANCY IN A &apos;'SIRIUS-LIKE'&apos; BINARY SYSTEM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matthews, Christopher T.; Crepp, Justin R. [Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Skemer, Andrew; Hinz, Philip M.; Bailey, Vanessa P.; Defrere, Denis; Leisenring, Jarron [Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 993 N. Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Gianninas, Alexandros; Kilic, Mukremin [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 (United States); Skrutskie, Michael [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Esposito, Simone; Puglisi, Alfio [Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi I-550125 Firenze (Italy)

2014-03-10

We present new observations of the faint &apos;'Sirius-like'&apos; companion discovered to orbit HD 114174. Previous attempts to image HD 114174 B at mid-infrared wavelengths using NIRC2 at Keck have resulted in a non-detection. Our new L&apos;-band observations taken with the Large Binocular Telescope and L/M-band InfraRed Camera recover the companion (ΔL = 10.15 ± 0.15 mag, ρ = 0.&apos;&apos;675 ± 0.&apos;&apos;016) with a high signal-to-noise ratio (10σ). This measurement represents the deepest L&apos; high-contrast imaging detection at subarcsecond separations to date, including extrasolar planets. We confirm that HD 114174 B has near-infrared colors consistent with the interpretation of a cool white dwarf (WD; J – L&apos; = 0.76 ± 0.19 mag, K – L&apos; = 0.64 ± 0.20). New model fits to the object&apos;s spectral energy distribution indicate a temperature T {sub eff} = 4260 ± 360 K, surface gravity log g = 7.94 ± 0.03, a cooling age t{sub c} ≈ 7.8 Gyr, and mass M = 0.54 ± 0.01 M {sub ☉}. We find that the cooling ages given by theoretical atmospheric models do not agree with the age of HD 114174 A derived from both isochronological and gyrochronological analyses. We speculate on possible scenarios to explain the apparent age discrepancy between the primary and secondary. HD 114174 B is a nearby benchmark WD that will ultimately enable a dynamical mass estimate through continued Doppler and astrometric monitoring. Efforts to characterize its physical properties in detail will test theoretical atmospheric models and improve our understanding of WD evolution, cooling, and progenitor masses.

Differential response of the skin in young and old rats to a combination of X-rays and &apos;wet&apos; or &apos;dry&apos; hyperthermia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamlet, R.; Hopewell, J.W.

1986-11-01

Hind feet of group of female rats aged 7, 14 and 52 weeks were X-irradiated at 20, 25 or 30 Gy. Hyperthermia (42.5/sup 0/C for 1 h) was carried out immediately following irradiation using either &apos;wet&apos; or &apos;dry&apos; heat, by immersion in water or fluorocarbon liquid. Results demonstrated that &apos;wet&apos; heat produced a consistently greater enhancement of the irradiation damage than &apos;dry&apos;. The thermal enhancement ratio for irradiation plus &apos;wet&apos; heat was approximately 1.5 and for irradiation plus &apos;dry&apos; heat 1.17 to 1.39. Immersion of the feet in fluorocarbon liquid at 37/sup 0/C did not significantly modify the irradiation response of the skin. The lower thermal enhancement ratios obtained using immersion in fluorocarbon liquid at 42.5/sup 0/C are close to those obtained in large animal studies and similar to the limited amount of data from clinical studies where microwave or ultrasound heating techniques were used. It has been demonstrated that there are large age-related differences in the response of the rat foot skin to irradiation alone. It has also been shown, using rats of the same age, that the response to irradiation plus hyperthermia was less age dependent.

OBJECTIVE BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF &apos;'ON/OFF'&apos; MEASUREMENTS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Casadei, Diego, E-mail: diego.casadei@fhnw.ch [Visiting Scientist, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom)

2015-01-01

In high-energy astrophysics, it is common practice to account for the background overlaid with counts from the source of interest with the help of auxiliary measurements carried out by pointing off-source. In this &apos;'on/off'&apos; measurement, one knows the number of photons detected while pointing toward the source, the number of photons collected while pointing away from the source, and how to estimate the background counts in the source region from the flux observed in the auxiliary measurements. For very faint sources, the number of photons detected is so low that the approximations that hold asymptotically are not valid. On the other hand, an analytical solution exists for the Bayesian statistical inference, which is valid at low and high counts. Here we illustrate the objective Bayesian solution based on the reference posterior and compare the result with the approach very recently proposed by Knoetig, and discuss its most delicate points. In addition, we propose to compute the significance of the excess with respect to the background-only expectation with a method that is able to account for any uncertainty on the background and is valid for any photon count. This method is compared to the widely used significance formula by Li and Ma, which is based on asymptotic properties.

A neural model for transient identification in dynamic processes with &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mol, Antonio C. de A. E-mail: mol@ien.gov.br; Martinez, Aquilino S. E-mail: aquilino@lmp.ufrj.br; Schirru, Roberto E-mail: schirru@lmp.ufrj.br

2003-09-01

This work presents an approach for neural network based transient identification which allows either dynamic identification or a &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response. The approach uses two &apos;jump&apos; multilayer neural networks (NN) trained with the backpropagation algorithm. The &apos;jump&apos; network is used because it is useful to dealing with very complex patterns, which is the case of the space of the state variables during some abnormal events. The first one is responsible for the dynamic identification. This NN uses, as input, a short set (in a moving time window) of recent measurements of each variable avoiding the necessity of using starting events. The other one is used to validate the instantaneous identification (from the first net) through the validation of each variable. This net is responsible for allowing the system to provide a &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response. In order to validate the method, a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) transient identification problem comprising 15 postulated accidents, simulated for a pressurized water reactor (PWR), was proposed in the validation process it has been considered noisy data in order to evaluate the method robustness. Obtained results reveal the ability of the method in dealing with both dynamic identification of transients and correct &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response. Another important point studied in this work is that the system has shown to be independent of a trigger signal which indicates the beginning of the transient, thus making it robust in relation to this limitation.

The &apos;&apos;Hybrid Effect&apos;&apos;. Influence of hybridisation on the durability of automatic transmissions; Der &apos;'Hybrid-Effekt'&apos;. Einfluss der Hybridisierung auf die Lebensdauer von Automatikgetrieben

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lavall, Thomas [ZF Getriebe GmbH, Friedrichshafen (Germany)

2009-07-01

The series development of hybrid systems in combination with the new ZF 8-speed automatic transmissions contains also for the testing several aspects of challenge the complex overall system with additional loads, components and functions requires new definitions of testing volumes and load collectives with an ideal integration of testing expertise of all parties involved. This paper describes how, already in an early development stage of the fully hybridised 8-speed transmission system, specific load collectives have been developed with the aid of simulation. So the &apos;'hybrid-effect'&apos; as an additional load and its influence on the durability compared to non hybridised applications could be identified. Also it is shown how testing collectives have been adapted in practice to the hybrid specific needs to the point of a specific assembly of a test bench. The ZF testing concept for hybridised automatic transmissions has the ability of an early and efficient verification of the production readiness also securing highest possible series production quality for prospective hybrid projects. (orig.)

Prevalence and causative agents of superficial mycoses in a textile factory in Adana, Turkey.

Science.gov (United States)

Celik, E; Ilkit, M; Tanir, F

2003-09-01

This study was carried out in a textile factory settled in the city center of Adana, Turkey. The workers were evaluated for the presence of superficial mycoses and the interaction of their working environment or working condition. A total of 431 textile workers were included in the study, with a male to female ratio of 378 (87.7%) to 53 (12.3%) and an age range of 19-52 (mean: 33.7 +/- 6.8). Direct examination and/or culture revealed superficial mycoses in 73 (16.9%) workers, among them 56 (76.7%) were classified as dermatophytoses, 8 (11.0%) as Pityriasis versicolor while in nine (12.3%) of the cases, no causative agent could be determined. Trichophyton rubrum (57.1%) and T. mentagrophytes (42.9%) were the two species isolated on culture. This study emphasized that textile workers should be admitted as a risk group for superficial mycoses, especially tinea pedis.

A Novel Technique of Supra Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Hyaluronic Acid Injection for Lower Face Lifting

OpenAIRE

Sahawatwong, Sinijchaya; Sirithanabadeekul, Punyaphat; Patanajareet, Vasiyapha; Wattanakrai, Penpun; Thanasarnaksorn, Wilai

2016-01-01

Background: Various methods attempting to correct sagging of the lower face focus mainly on manipulation of the superficial musculoaponeurotic System. Each technique has its own limitation. The authors propose a relatively simple, conservative method utilizing hyaluronic acid injection just above the superficial musculoaponeurotic System. Objective: To address a novel hyaluronic injection technique to lift the lower face. Methods: Details of the injection techniques are described. The Positio...

High dose rate brachytherapy for superficial cancer of the esophagus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maingon, Philippe; D'Hombres, Anne; Truc, Gilles; Barillot, Isabelle; Michiels, Christophe; Bedenne, Laurent; Horiot, Jean Claude

2000-01-01

Purpose: We analyzed our experience with external radiotherapy, combined modality treatment, or HDR brachytherapy alone to limited esophageal cancers. Methods and Materials: From 1991 to 1996, 25 patients with limited superficial esophagus carcinomas were treated by high dose rate brachytherapy. The mean age was 63 years (43-86 years). Five patients showed superficial local recurrence after external radiotherapy. Eleven patients without invasion of the basal membrane were staged as Tis. Fourteen patients with tumors involving the submucosa without spreading to the muscle were staged as T1. Treatment consisted of HDR brachytherapy alone in 13 patients, external radiotherapy and brachytherapy in 8 cases, and concomitant chemo- and radiotherapy in 4 cases. External beam radiation was administered to a total dose of 50 Gy using 2 Gy daily fractions in 5 weeks. In cases of HDR brachytherapy alone (13 patients), 6 applications were performed once a week. Results: The mean follow-up is 31 months (range 24-96 months). Twelve patients received 2 applications and 13 patients received 6 applications. Twelve patients experienced a failure (48%), 11/12 located in the esophagus, all of them in the treated volume. One patient presented an isolated distant metastasis. In the patients treated for superficial recurrence, 4/5 were locally controlled (80%) by brachytherapy alone. After brachytherapy alone, 8/13 patients were controlled (61%). The mean disease-free survival is 14 months (1-36 months). Overall survival is 76% at 1 year, 37% at 2 years, and 14% at 3 years. Overall survival for Tis patients is 24% vs. 20% for T1 (p 0.83). Overall survival for patients treated by HDR brachytherapy alone is 43%. One patient presented with a fistula with local failure after external radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Four stenosis were registered, two were diagnosed on barium swallowing without symptoms, and two required dilatations. Conclusion: High dose rate brachytherapy permits the treating

Computerized axial tomography of the chest for visualization of &apos;'absent'&apos; pulmonary arteries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sondheimer, H.M. (Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY); Oliphant, M.; Schneider, B.; Kavey, R.E.W.; Blackman, M.S.; Parker, F.B. Jr.

1982-05-01

To expand the search for central pulmonary arteries in six patients with absence of cardiac-pulmonary continuity, computerized axial tomography (CAT) of the chest was performed. The CAT scans were compared with previous arteriograms and pulmonary vein wedge angiograms. Three patients with type IV truncus arteriosus were studied, and none had a central, right or left pulmonary artery on CAT scan. However, two patients with tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and a patent ductus arteriosus to the right lung demonstrated the presence of a left pulmonary artery. In addition, one child with truncus arteriosus with &apos;'absent'&apos; left pulmonary artery demonstrated a left pulmonary artery on the CAT scan. The CAT scan may therefore enhance our ability to search for disconnected pulmonary arteries in children with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease.

Technical and quality requisites (RTC&apos;s) &apos;a data architecture&apos;; Requisitos tecnicos y de calidad (RTC&apos; s) &apos;una arquitectura de datos&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Munoz G, R.; Jimenez R, B.; Ahedo A, S. [ININ, 52750 La Marquesa, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)]. e-mail: rmg@nuclear.inin.mx

2007-07-01

The RTC&apos;s are notes of technical and of quality requisites that the CLV emits, according to validity procedures of the Nuclear power station, to specify purchasing requisites of equipment with quality assurance category. This document contains a description of the computer program application RTC&apos;s, elaborated by the ININ for the CLV that allows to capture and to process the information of a database whose purpose is to facilitate the elaboration of the RTC&apos;s. Details of its development process are included. (Author)

Superficial skin infections and the use of topical and systemic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Superficial bacterial infections of the skin are very common. With the increasing burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), this is likely to worsen. Examples of such infections include impetigo, erysipelas, cellulitis, ecthyma, furuncles, carbuncles and subcutaneous abscesses. Common causative organisms are ...

Evaluation of anatomy and variations of superficial palmar arch and upper extremity arteries with CT angiography.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaplanoglu, Hatice; Beton, Osman

2017-04-01

To evaluate the abnormalities and variations of the arterial system of upper extremities and superficial palmar arch with computed tomography angiography and to guide the clinician during this procedure. A total of 156 upper extremities of 78 cases were retrospectively analyzed using computed tomography angiography. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the hospital. From the analysis of the computed tomography angiography images, the following information was recorded; the diameters and abnormalities of radial, ulnar and brachial arteries in both upper extremities, the presence of atherosclerotic changes or stenosis in these arteries, whether the superficial palmar arch was complete or incomplete, and arterial dominance. Also, the computed tomography angiography classification of superficial palmar arch distribution and anatomic configuration was performed. The mean baseline diameters of the radial, ulnar and brachial arteries of the cases were; 2.8 ± 0.6, 2.5 ± 0.7, and 4.7 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. A complete superficial palmar arch was observed in 69.2 % of the right hands and 70.5 % of the left hands. For the superficial palmar arches on the right side, the radial artery was dominant in two and the ulnar artery was dominant in 47 with the remaining showing codominance. On the left side, the radial artery was dominant in one hand, with the ulnar artery being dominant in 49 cases, and in 28 cases, there was codominance. In the superficial palmar arch classification, four of the arches (A-D) were defined as complete and the remaining three (E-G) as incomplete. The current study clarified different variations in palmar circulation and forearm arteries to aid the surgeon during trans-radial or trans-ulnar catheterization, hemodialysis, or coronary artery bypass grafting.

Synthesis of (+-)-(1,1&apos;- sup 15 N sub 2 , 2&apos;- sup 13 C)-trans-3&apos;-methylnicotine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sirimanne, S.R.; Maggio, V.L.; Patterson, D.G. Jr. (Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA (United States))

1992-03-01

The synthesis of ({+-})- (1,1&apos;-{sup 15}N{sub 2}, 2&apos;-{sup 13}C)-trans-3&apos;-methylnicotine is reported. {sup 15}N-3-Bromopyridine obtained from bromination of pyridine was formylated with nBuLi/(carbonyl-{sup 13}C)-methyl formate. The resulting {sup 15}n-Pyridine-3-({sup 13}C-carbonyl)-carboxaldehyde was reacted with {sup 15}N-methylamine and then the resulting Schiff&apos;s base was condensed with succinic anhydride to give ({+-})- (1,1&apos;-{sup 15}N{sub 2}, 5&apos;-{sup 13}C)-trans-4&apos;-carboxycotinine. Reduction with lithium aluminum hydride and mesylation followed by reduction with Zn/NaI gave ({+-})-(1,1&apos;-{sup 15}N{sub 2}, 2&apos;-{sup 13}C)-trans-3&apos;-methylnicotine. (Author).

Recanalization of superficial femoral artery by retrograde approach via popliteal artery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jae Kyu; Kim, Hyung Kil; Yun, Ung; Seo, Jeong Jin; Kang, Heoung Keun

1995-01-01

To recanalize the occlusive lesion of superficial femoral artery at origin site by retrograde approach via popliteal artery. 15 patients, who were poor surgical candidates due to coronary artery disease and who had severe occlusive lesion of superficial femoral artery close to its origin with good distal runoffs to popliteal artery, were selected. Patients were all men and range of age were from 53 years to 66 years (mean age: 63 years). Range of lesion length were from 15 cm to 30 cm (mean length: 22.4 cm). Localization of popliteal artery was done with Doppler stethoscope or 'road-map' DSA. The method of recanalization were transluminal endarterectomy catheter (TEC), TEC and angioplasty, thrombolysoangioplasty (TLA). Retrograde puncture of popliteal artery was done in 15 patients successfully. TEC and PTA was performed in 9 patients, TEC only in 2 patients, and TLA and PTA in 2 patients. During the follow-up period of 5 months to 2 years reocclusion did not occur in 10 patients except for 1 patient with poor cardiac output in whom it occurred 1 day later. Remained 4 patients were lost in follow up. Any neurologic or vascular complication did not occur. Retrograde approach of superficial femoral artery via popliteal artery in patients with difficult vascular intervention by common method provides a useful, alternative recanalization method

Studies on the Interaction of a Novel 6,6&apos;&apos;-bis(1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)- 2,2&apos;:6&apos;,2&apos;&apos;-terpyridine Ligand with Lanthanide(III) Ions and Americium(III)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lewis, Frank W.; Harwood, Laurence M.; Hudson, Michael J.; Drew, Michael G.B.; Modolo, Giuseppe; Sypula, Michal; Desreux, Jean F.; Bouslimani, Nouri; Vidick, Geoffrey

2010-01-01

The new solvent extraction reagent 6,6&apos;&apos;-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzo-triazin-3-yl)-2,2&apos;:6&apos;,2&apos;&apos;-terpyridine (CyMe 4 -BTTP) has been synthesized in 4 steps from 2,2&apos;:6&apos;,2&apos;&apos;-terpyridine. Detailed NMR and mass spectrometry studies indicate that the ligand forms 1:2 complexes with lanthanide(III) perchlorates where the aliphatic rings are conformationally constrained whereas 1:1 complexes are formed with lanthanide(III) nitrates where the aliphatic rings are conformationally mobile. An optimized structure of the 1:2 solution complex with Yb(III) was obtained from the relative magnitude of the induced paramagnetic shifts. X-ray crystallographic structures of the ligand and of its 1:1 complex with Y(III) were also obtained. In the absence of a phase-modifier, CyMe 4 -BTTP in 1-octanol showed a maximum distribution coefficient of Am(III) of 0.039 (±20%) and a maximum separation factor of Am(III) over Eu(III) of 12.0 from nitric acid solution. The metal(III) cations are extracted as the 1:1 complex from nitric acid solutions. The generally low distribution coefficients observed compared with the BTBPs arise because the 1:1 complex of CyMe 4 -BTTP is considerably less hydrophobic than the 1:2 complexes formed by the BTBPs. In M(BTTP) 3+ complexes, there is a competition between the nitrate ions and the ligand for the complexation of the metal. (authors)

&apos;Heat Market Campaign&apos; of the German coal mining industry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dach, G.

1983-12-22

The &apos;&apos;Heat Market Campaign&apos;&apos;, presented in June &apos;83 by experts of all fields of coal mining, investigates the possibilities of coal sales promotion. The article reviews the main data of the heat market and discusses the &apos;&apos;Heat Market Campaign&apos;&apos; under the aspects of coal policy and energy policy. The campaign was started with the objectives of energy supply assurance in the Federal Republic of Germany, energy cost reduction on the consumer side, and stabilisation and development of coal markets not affected by the steel crisis. Sales goald on the household, trade and industrial sector are quantified, and obstacles preventing further expansion of the heat market are discussed. Apart from the mining industry&apos;s marketing concept for the heat market, there is also the possibility of receiving financial aid by the Federal government.

Network protocol &apos;EPAP&apos;; Network protokoru &apos;EPAP&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kobori, T.; Fujita, F.; Iwamoto, S. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Toyo (Japan)

2000-10-10

The Ethernet, a standard of information networks, has begun to be applied to the control local area network (LAN). To apply the Ethernet to the field level, Fuji Electric has newly developed the communication protocol &apos;Ethernet precision access protocol (EPAP)&apos; in which a command/response method is structured on the user datagram protocol (UDP) to realize real time and high reliability. Further, we have implemented the EPAP on the bus interface module of the open PIO. This paper outlines the EPAP and its implementation. (author)

Modelo Pre-Proceso de predicción de la Calidad Superficial en Fresado a Alta Velocidad basado en Softcomputing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Víctor M. Flores

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen: La calidad superficial es uno de los aspectos más cuidados en la fabricación de piezas. Esta calidad se estima frecuentemente en función a la rugosidad superficial. Trabajos que incorporan técnicas de softcomputing al estudio de la rugosidad superficial en-proceso o pos-proceso son relativamente frecuentes en la literatura. Sin embargo, son casi inexistentes los dedicados al estudio de la rugosidad superficial en pre-proceso, pese a que esto puede ayudar a reducir costes asociados al aseguramiento de la calidad superficial en la producción industrial. En este trabajo se presenta una técnica softcomputing para generar un modelo pre-proceso predictivo de la rugosidad superficial basado en experimentación con características diversas del proceso de fresado a alta velocidad. El modelo de predicción es un clasificador Bayesiano, validado con el método k-fold cross-validation y varios valores de mérito, lo que ha permitido verificar la calidad del modelo predictivo respecto a otros modelos basados en técnicas similares. Palabras clave: Mecanizado a alta velocidad, proceso de fresado a alta velocidad, softcomputing, redes Bayesianas, modelos predictivos

Optical coherence tomography and polarimetry of superficial skin biopsies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. R. Utz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The goal. Of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of polarization probing of biotissues in vitro. The method is based on the determination of polarization parameters of scattered radiation. Materials and methods. The well-known superficial epidermis stripping method was applied using the Sulfacrylate self-sterile medical adhesive. Small portions of thin layers of the adhesive were applied to slide plates and then to different skin sites. The corneous layer in the normal condition and in case of skin diseases (psoriasis, lichen acuminatus, discoid lupus erythematosus, alopecia, itching and demodectic mange was examined based on the optical coherence tomography (OCT method using the 0CS1300SS device (Thorlabs Inc, USA. Results. The authors obtained pictures visualizing the structural organization of different layers of the epidermis using the superficial epidermis biopsy method in case of lichen acuminatus, hyperkeratosis, itching and other skin diseases. Conclusion. This method ensures non-invasive high-precision measurement of the structure of different layers of the epidermis, which may be useful both for research purposes and practical dermatology.

Blunt traumatic rupture of a mainstem bronchus: spiral CT demonstration of the &apos;&apos;fallen lung&apos;&apos; sign

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wintermark, M.; Schnyder, P.; Wicky, S. [Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne (Switzerland)

2001-03-01

Tracheo-bronchial injuries occur in less than 1 % of blunt chest trauma patients. Indirect signs, such as pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and/or subcutaneous emphysema, are revealed on admission plain films and chest CT survey. In most instances, however, tracheo-bronchoscopy is mandatory in assessing the definite diagnosis of tracheo-bronchial lesion. Occasionally, an abnormal course of a mainstem bronchus or a &apos;&apos;fallen lung&apos;&apos; sign, featuring a collapsed lung in a dependent position, hanging on the hilum only by its vascular attachments, may allow for CT diagnosis of a blunt traumatic bronchial injury. (orig.)

Prospects and risks for young technology companies. Chancen und Risiken junger Technologieunternehmen; Ergebnisse des Modellversuchs &apos;&apos;Foerderung technologieorientierter Unternehmensgruendungen&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kulicke, M. (Fraunhofer-Institut fuer Systemtechnik und Innovationsforschung (ISI), Karlsruhe (Germany)); Bayer, K.; Braeunling, G.; Ewers, H.J.; Gerybadze, A.; Mayer, M.; Mueller, R.; Wein, T.; Wupperfeld, U.

1993-01-01

The book summarizes the insights gained from the model project &apos;&apos;Promotion of the establishment of technology-oriented companies&apos;&apos;. The manifold results on capital and consulting requirements, turnover and activity growth, factors determining success and survival and on the problems that arise during the starting phase broaden the informational basis for potential founders, their financers, and for promotion institutions. (orig.). 29 figs.

Human ApoE Isoforms Differentially Modulate Glucose and Amyloid Metabolic Pathways in Female Brain: Evidence of the Mechanism of Neuroprotection by ApoE2 and Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Prevention and Early Intervention.

Science.gov (United States)

Keeney, Jeriel Thomas-Richard; Ibrahimi, Shaher; Zhao, Liqin

2015-01-01

Three major genetic isoforms of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4, exist in humans and lead to differences in susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated the impact of human ApoE isoforms on brain metabolic pathways involved in glucose utilization and amyloid-β (Aβ) degradation, two major areas that are significantly perturbed in preclinical AD. Hippocampal RNA samples from middle-aged female mice with targeted human ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4 gene replacement were comparatively analyzed with a qRT-PCR custom array for the expression of 85 genes involved in insulin/insulin-like growth factor (Igf) signaling. Consistent with its protective role against AD, ApoE2 brain exhibited the most metabolically robust profile among the three ApoE genotypes. When compared to ApoE2 brain, both ApoE3 and ApoE4 brains exhibited markedly reduced levels of Igf1, insulin receptor substrates (Irs), and facilitated glucose transporter 4 (Glut4), indicating reduced glucose uptake. Additionally, ApoE4 brain exhibited significantly decreased Pparg and insulin-degrading enzyme (Ide), indicating further compromised glucose metabolism and Aβ dysregulation associated with ApoE4. Protein analysis showed significantly decreased Igf1, Irs, and Glut4 in ApoE3 brain, and Igf1, Irs, Glut4, Pparg, and Ide in ApoE4 brain compared to ApoE2 brain. These data provide the first documented evidence that human ApoE isoforms differentially affect brain insulin/Igf signaling and downstream glucose and amyloid metabolic pathways, illustrating a potential mechanism for their differential risk in AD. A therapeutic strategy that enhances brain insulin/Igf1 signaling activity to a more robust ApoE2-like phenotype favoring both energy production and amyloid homeostasis holds promise for AD prevention and early intervention.

Pharmaceutical induction of ApoE secretion by multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Whitney Mandolin J

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE is a molecular scavenger in the blood and brain. Aberrant function of the molecule causes formation of protein and lipid deposits or "plaques" that characterize Alzheimer's disease (AD and atherosclerosis. There are three human isoforms of ApoE designated ε2, ε3, and ε4. Each isoform differentially affects the structure and function of the protein and thus the development of disease. Homozygosity for ApoE ε4 is associated with atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease whereas ApoE ε2 and ε3 tend to be protective. Furthermore, the ε2 form may cause forms of hyperlipoproteinemia. Therefore, introduction of ApoE ε3 may be beneficial to patients that are susceptible to or suffering from these diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs are adult progenitor cells found in numerous tissues. They are easily expanded in culture and engraft into host tissues when administered appropriately. Furthermore, MSCs are immunosuppressive and have been reported to engraft as allogeneic transplants. In our previous study, mouse MSCs (mMSCs were implanted into the brains of ApoE null mice, resulting in production of small amounts of ApoE in the brain and attenuation of cognitive deficits. Therefore human MSCs (hMSCs are a promising vector for the administration of ApoE ε3 in humans. Results Unlike mMSCs, hMSCs were found not to express ApoE in culture; therefore a molecular screen was performed for compounds that induce expression. PPARγ agonists, neural stem cell conditioned medium, osteo-inductive media, dexamethasone, and adipo-inductive media (AIM were tested. Of the conditions tested, only AIM or dexamethasone induced sustained secretion of ApoE in MSCs and the duration of secretion was only limited by the length of time MSCs could be sustained in culture. Upon withdrawal of the inductive stimuli, the ApoE secretion persisted for a further 14 days. Conclusion The data

Superficial tension: experimental model with simple materials

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tintori Ferreira, María Alejandra

2012-09-01

Full Text Available In this work appears a didactic offer based on an experimental activity using materials of very low cost, orientated to achieving that the student understand and interpret the phenomenon of superficial tension together with the importance of the modeling in sciences. It has as principal aim of education bring the student over to the mechanics of the static fluids and the intermolecular forces, combining scientific contents with questions near to the student what provides an additional motivation to the reflection of the scientific investigation.

7th CNS int&apos;l steam generators to controls conference - a compliment to the remarkable CNS &apos;OM+DM utility engagement initiative&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, W.

2012-01-01

We learned from CANDU Maintenance-Conference of December 2011, that it is our own &apos;ways-of-working&apos; as service-providers for everything from plant-architecture to operational-support, that is holding back &apos;new-build&apos; as well as &apos;re-build&apos;. CMC2011 addressed that by focusing on &apos;Needs-and-Interests of the Operating-Utilities&apos;. SGC 2012 extends that by focusing firstly on &apos;Issue-Identification&apos; to isolate &apos;items-needing-attention&apos;; then on &apos;Issue-Definition&apos; to define the &apos;work&apos; required for &apos;Issue-Resolution&apos;. It also pursues &apos;Task Leadership&apos; as a competence, essential for ... &apos;making things happen&apos;. These events and the CNS &apos;OM+DM [Operations&Maintenance and Design&Materials Divisions] Utility Engagement Initiative&apos; are seen as complimentary initiatives toward such &apos;ways-of-working-improvement&apos; objectives. (author)

A model-independent &apos;&apos;general search&apos;&apos; for new physics with the ATLAS detector at LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bianchi, Riccardo Maria

2014-03-18

The LHC particle collider accelerates bunches of protons at energies never reached before, thus opening a completely new landscape of new physics. In this scenario the number of possible physics processes and signatures becomes virtually infinite, making the setup of dedicated analyses impossible. Moreover there are regions of the phase-space where signals of new physics are not very likely to be found, or where suitable theoretical models are missing, and it is important to be able to reveal new processes from such regions as well. At the time this Thesis was started, no model-independent analysis had been set for the ATLAS experiment at LHC. The goal of this work was then to conceive and develop a new model-independent &apos;&apos;General Search&apos;&apos; for ATLAS, and to explore its possibilities. The new analysis has been then implemented and run over the first data which have been collected by the ATLAS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. This work presents the motivation of the data analysis, describes its implementation and shows the results. The data have shown a very good agreement with the Standard Model expectation and no evidence of new physics has been observed. Nevertheless, an efficient strategy and methodology for a new model-independent &apos;&apos;General Search&apos;&apos; have been defined and they are ready to be used in a next version of this analysis, over a larger set of experimental data. During this work, a new innovative software framework has been also conceived and developed to ease the implementation of physics analysis code using Computer-Aided- Software-Engineering (CASE) principles. The framework has been successfully used to analyze the very first LHC data, and then it has been transformed into an open-source modular framework for HEP data analysis, and presented at Physics and Computer Science international conferences.

Aluminum &apos;'egg-box'&apos; panel as an energy absorber for pedestrian protection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nowpada, Sravanthi; Chirwa, Efford C.; Myler, Peter; Matsika, Emmanuel [Bolton Automotive and Aerospace Research Group (BAARG), School of Built Environment and Engineering, University of Bolton (United Kingdom)

2010-07-15

This paper evaluates the quasi-static performance of lightweight aluminum &apos;'egg-box'&apos; panels which have an improved architecture specifically designed to increase the energy absorption capability. In its entirety, the egg-box panel structure investigated herein is made up of arrays of positive and negative frusta. To understand the collapse mechanism and the factors influencing the energy absorption thereof, compressive tests were conducted under similar test conditions on two single frusta, one constrained in situ and the other separated from the egg-box panel exposing the free-free edges. Their load-displacement histories show characteristics that are similar, with a rise in load to a point where they plateau at a steady state load for the entire collapse time. But the energy absorbed by the in situ constrained frustum is 80% greater than that separated from the egg-box panel with free-free edges. (Abstract Copyright [2010], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Solar tank. &apos;Solar ship&apos; and solar development project at Freiburg; Sonne im Tank. &apos;Sonnenschiff&apos; und Solarsiedlung in Freiburg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alle, N.

2007-05-15

In the &apos;Vauban&apos; district of the German city of Freiburg, 59 plusenergy terrace houses and one block of offices and shops were constructed during the past five years. The latter is named &apos;solar ship&apos; and has nine penthouses on its roof which generate more power than they consume. The building is 125 m long and is both a building and a power station. (orig.)

Advice relative to the examination of the &apos;clay 2005 file&apos;; Avis relatif a l&apos;examen du &apos;dossier 2005 argile&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2005-12-15

On request of the general director of the French nuclear safety and radiation protection institute (IRSN), the permanent group of experts for long duration waste disposal facilities has examined the &apos;clay 2005 file&apos; made by the ANDRA and which aims at demonstrating the feasibility of a disposal facility for high level and long living rad-wastes in the argillite formation of the Bure site. The group of experts has examined in particular the critical safety aspects of such a facility and the identification and consideration of uncertainties by the ANDRA in its safety analysis. It has also identified the main additional research works that may be carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of an industrial implementation of a safe disposal facility in the same Callovo-Oxfordian argilite formation. This document is the favourable advice and the recommendations expressed by the group of experts after examination of the ANDRA&apos;s &apos;clay 2005 file&apos;. (J.S.)

Cuts in energy and operating cost with the Swiss system &apos;Energie in ARA&apos; - practical experience in Germany; Energie- und Betriebskosteneinsparungen nach dem schweizerischen System &apos;&apos;Energie in ARA&apos;&apos; - Praxiserfahrungen in Deutschland

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Christmann, B. [UmBAUwelt Partnerschaft Architekten und Ingenieure, Riedstadt (Germany)

1999-07-01

German sewage treatment plants, too, have potential for saving energy cost and cutting down on their operating expenditure. Following the systematy developed by the &apos;Energie in ARA&apos; concept, this potential can be harnessed. (orig.) [German] Potential fuer Energiekosteneinsparungen und dadurch initiierte Betriebskosteneinsparungen ist auch bei deutschen Klaeranlagen vorhanden. Die Systematik &apos;Energie in ARA&apos; kann fuer die Erschliessung der Einsparpotentiale verwendet werden. (orig.)

&apos;&apos;1/f noise&apos;&apos; in music: Music from 1/f noise

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Voss, R.F.; Clarke, J.

1978-01-01

The spectral density of fluctuations in the audio power of many musical selections and of English speech varies approximately as 1/f (f is the frequency) down to a frequency of 5 x 10/sup -4/ Hz. This result implies that the audio-power fluctuations are correlated over all times in the same manner as &apos;&apos;1/f noise&apos;&apos; in electronic components. The frequency fluctuations of music also have a 1/f spectral density at frequencies down to the inverse of the length of the piece of music. The frequency fluctuations of English speech have a quite different behavior, with a single characteristic time of about 0.1 s, the average length of a syllable. The observations on music suggest that 1/f noise is a good choice for stochastic composition. Compositions in which the frequency and duration of each note were determined by 1/f noise sources sounded pleasing. Those generated by white-noise sources sounded too random, while those generated by 1/f/sup 2/ noise sounded too correlated.

Nuclear track radiography of &apos;hot&apos; aerosol particles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boulyga, S.F.; Kievitskaja, A.I.; Kievets, M.K.; Lomonosova, E.M.; Zhuk, I.V.; Yaroshevich, O.I.; Perelygin, V.P.; Petrova, R.; Brandt, R.; Vater, P

1999-06-01

Nuclear track radiography was applied to identify aerosol &apos;hot&apos; particles which contain elements of nuclear fuel and fallout after Chernobyl NPP accident. For the determination of the content of transuranium elements in radioactive aerosols the measurement of the {alpha}-activity of &apos;hot&apos; particles by SSNTD was used in this work, as well as radiography of fission fragments formed as a result of the reactions (n,f) and ({gamma},f) in the irradiation of aerosol filters by thermal neutrons and high energy gamma quanta. The technique allowed the sizes and alpha-activity of &apos;hot&apos; particles to be determined without extracting them from the filter, as well as the determination of the uranium content and its enrichment by {sup 235}U, {sup 239}Pu and {sup 241}Pu isotopes. Sensitivity of determination of alpha activity by fission method is 5x10{sup -6} Bq per particle. The software for the system of image analysis was created. It ensured the identification of track clusters on an optical image of the SSNTD surface obtained through a video camera and the determination of size and activity of &apos;hot&apos; particles00.

Calogero&apos;s &apos;goldfish&apos; is indeed a school of free particles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nucci, M C [Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Universita di Perugia, 06123 Perugia (Italy)

2004-11-26

A many-body system of N nonlinear ordinary differential equations of second order which is amenable to exact treatments (a &apos;goldfish&apos;) (Calogero 2001 The neatest many-body problem amenable to exact treatments (a &apos;goldfish&apos;?) Physica D 152-153 78-84) is shown to be equivalent through an exact transformation to the equations of one-dimensional motion of (N-1) free particles (a school of free particles, indeed). The transformation is obtained by applying the reduction method and Lie group analysis as introduced in Nucci (1996 The complete Kepler group can be derived by Lie group analysis J. Math. Phys. 37 1772-5)

Superficially located enlarged lymphoid follicles characterise nodular gastritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Okamura, Takuma; Sakai, Yasuhiro; Hoshino, Hitomi; Iwaya, Yugo; Tanaka, Eiji; Kobayashi, Motohiro

2015-01-01

Nodular gastritis is a form of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis affecting the gastric antrum and characterised endoscopically by the presence of small nodular lesions resembling gooseflesh. It is generally accepted that hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles histologically characterises nodular gastritis; however, quantitative analysis in support of this hypothesis has not been reported. Our goal was to determine whether nodular gastritis is characterised by lymphoid follicle hyperplasia.The number, size, and location of lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were determined and those properties compared to samples of atrophic gastritis. The percentages of high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels were also evaluated.The number of lymphoid follicles was comparable between nodular and atrophic gastritis; however, follicle size in nodular gastritis was significantly greater than that seen in atrophic gastritis. Moreover, lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were positioned more superficially than were those in atrophic gastritis. The percentage of MECA-79 HEV-like vessels was greater in areas with gooseflesh-like lesions in nodular versus atrophic gastritis.Superficially located hyperplastic lymphoid follicles characterise nodular gastritis, and these follicles correspond to gooseflesh-like nodular lesions observed endoscopically. These observations suggest that MECA-79 HEV-like vessels could play at least a partial role in the pathogenesis of nodular gastritis.

Superficial corneal crosslinking during laser in situ keratomileusis.

Science.gov (United States)

Seiler, Theo G; Fischinger, Isaak; Koller, Tobias; Derhartunian, Viktor; Seiler, Theo

2015-10-01

To determine the safety of superficial corneal crosslinking after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Institut für Refraktive und Ophthalmo-Chirurgie, Zurich, Switzerland. Prospective study. Eyes with an ectasia risk score of 2 or higher were treated with standard LASIK (90 μm flap) for myopia correction, after which a rapid corneal crosslinking was performed in the interface (riboflavin 0.5% for 2 minutes, 9 mW/cm(2) for 5 minutes) (Group 1). The follow-up was up to 1 year. The prevalence of complications was statistically compared with that in a group of eyes matched regarding age, sex, and attempted refractive correction that were treated with standard LASIK only (Group 2). One month postoperatively, 5 eyes in Group 1 lost 1 line of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) compared with 1 eye in Group 2 (P rate of less than 5%. The refractive success was identical in both groups. Early postoperative complications such as erosions (16%), diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) stage 1 (38%), and DLK stage 2 (5%) were statistically significantly more frequent after superficial corneal crosslinking, leading to a statistically significantly reduced uncorrected distance visual acuity at 1 month (P interest in any material or method mentioned. Copyright © 2015 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Can sparing of the superficial contralateral parotid lobe reduce xerostomia following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer?

Science.gov (United States)

Nevens, Daan; Nuyts, Sandra

2017-12-01

The purpose of this study is to see whether sparing the superficial contralateral parotid lobe can help limiting xerostomia following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. 88 patients that were included in two prospective randomized studies were analysed in the current study. Using the dosimetry of both the parotid glands, we divided our patients in four groups. Group 1 includes patients where we were able to reduce the radiation dose below the threshold in order to spare both the ipsilateral and contralateral parotid glands, Group 2 consists of patients where only the contralateral parotid gland could be spared. Group 3 consists of patients where only the contralateral superficial parotid lobe could be spared, while in Group 4 not even the contralateral superficial lobe could be spared. When we compared Group 1 and Group 2, we did not observe a significant difference between both groups in terms of xerostomia scores at 6 or 12 months. When we compared these groups with Group 3, we observed significant differences with more xerostomia in Group 3 where only the contralateral superficial lobe was spared. A significant difference was also observed between Group 3 and Group 4 with more xerostomia in Group 4. Sparing of just one superficial parotid lobe results in less xerostomia when compared to not sparing any lobe of both parotid glands. Advances in knowledge: When sparing of the whole contralateral parotid gland is not possible, delineating both the superficial parotid glands and trying to spare at least one of them can mean a way forward in limiting xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.

Aharonov-Bohm effect for a fermion field in a planar black hole &apos;'spacetime'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anacleto, M.A.; Mohammadi, A. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 10071, Campina Grande, Paraiba (Brazil); Brito, F.A. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 10071, Campina Grande, Paraiba (Brazil); Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 5008, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba (Brazil); Passos, E. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 10071, Campina Grande, Paraiba (Brazil); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Fisica, Caixa Postal 21945, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2017-04-15

In this paper we consider the dynamics of a massive spinor field in the background of the acoustic black hole spacetime. Although this effective metric is acoustic and describes the propagation of sound waves, it can be considered as a toy model for the gravitational black hole. In this manner, we study the properties of the dynamics of the fermion field in this &apos;'gravitational'&apos; rotating black hole as well as the vortex background. We compute the differential cross section through the use of the partial wave approach and show that an effect similar to the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect occurs for the massive fermion field moving in this effective metric. We discuss the limiting cases and compare the results with the massless scalar field case. (orig.)

The Effect of a High-Fat Diet on Brain Plasticity, Inflammation and Cognition in Female ApoE4-Knockin and ApoE-Knockout Mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carola I F Janssen

Full Text Available Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4, one of three common isoforms of ApoE, is a major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD. ApoE-deficient mice, as well as mice expressing human ApoE4, display impaired learning and memory functions and signs of neurodegeneration. Moreover, ApoE protects against high-fat (HF diet induced neurodegeneration by its role in the maintenance of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. The influence of a HF diet on the progression of AD-like cognitive and neuropathological changes was assessed in wild-type (WT, human ApoE4 and ApoE-knockout (ApoE-/- mice to evaluate the modulatory role of ApoE in this process. From 12 months of age, female WT, ApoE4, and ApoE-/- mice were fed either a standard or a HF diet (19% butter, 0.5% cholate, 1.25% cholesterol throughout life. At 15 months of age mice performed the Morris water maze, evaluating spatial learning and memory. ApoE-/- showed increased spatial learning compared to WT mice (p = 0.009. HF diet improved spatial learning in WT mice (p = 0.045, but did not affect ApoE4 and ApoE-/- mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of the hippocampus demonstrated increased neuroinflammation (CD68 in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1 region in ApoE4 (p = 0.001 and in ApoE-/- (p = 0.032 mice on standard diet. HF diet tended to increase CD68 in the CA1 in WT mice (p = 0.052, while it decreased in ApoE4 (p = 0.009, but ApoE-/- remained unaffected. A trend towards increased neurogenesis (DCX was found in both ApoE4 (p = 0.052 and ApoE-/- mice (p = 0.068. In conclusion, these data suggest that HF intake induces different effects in WT mice compared to ApoE4 and ApoE-/- with respect to markers for cognition and neurodegeneration. We propose that HF intake inhibits the compensatory mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurogenesis in aged female ApoE4 and ApoE-/- mice.

Quantifying the &apos;naturalness&apos; of the curvaton model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lerner, Rose N. [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany); Helsinki Institute of Physics (Finland); Melville, Scott [Helsinki Institute of Physics (Finland)

2014-02-15

We investigate the probability of obtaining an observable curvature perturbation, using as an example the minimal curvaton-Higgs (MCH) model. We determine &apos;probably observable&apos; and &apos;probably excluded&apos; regions of parameter space assuming generic initial conditions and applying a stochastic approach for the curvaton&apos;s evolution during inflation. Inflation is assumed to last longer than the N{sub obs}≅55 observable e-folds, and the total number of e-folds of inflation determines the particular ranges of parameters that are probable. For the MCH model, these &apos;probably observable&apos; regions always lie within the range 8 x 10{sup 4} GeV≤m{sub σ}≤2 x 10{sup 7} GeV, where m{sub σ} is the curvaton mass, and the Hubble scale at horizon exit is chosen as H{sub *}=10{sup 10} GeV. Because the &apos;probably observable&apos; region depends on the total duration of inflation, information on parameters in the Lagrangian from particle physics and from precision CMB observables can therefore provide information about the total duration of inflation, not just the last N{sub obs} e-folds. This method could also be applied to any model that contains additional scalar fields to determine the probability that these scalar fields contribute to the curvature perturbation.

PubliForum &apos;Electricity and Society&apos;. Citizen Panel Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-06-01

In the Citizen Panel&apos;s Report on &apos;Electricity and Society&apos; we present the first results of three intensive week-ends. In this document, 27 Swiss citizens have recorded their opinions on the future of our electricity supply system. Solutions are sought without making claims on having found the ultimate recipe. The recommendations are the result of an assessment made by a representative cross-section of the public - one could almost say &apos;the voice of the people&apos;. They reflect not only the public&apos;s apprehensions and worries, but also their ideas and desires. (authors)

3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide, a cytotoxic biflavonoid and other chemical constituents of Nanuza plicata (Velloziaceae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinto, Meri Emili F.; Silva, Marcelo Sobral da; Barbosa Filho, Jose Maria; Castello-Branco, Marianna Vieira S.; Agra, Maria de Fatima; Tavares, Josean Fechine, E-mail: marcelosobral@ltf.ufpb.b [Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), Joao Pessoa, PB (Brazil). Lab. de Tecnologia Farmaceutica; Schindler, Elisabete; El-Bacha, Ramon dos Santos [Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA (Brazil). Inst. de Ciencias da Saude. Lab. de Neuroquimica e Biologia Celular

2010-07-01

A novel biflavonoid, named 3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide (1), along with the known compounds amentoflavone (2), patagonic acid (3), (4aR,5S,6R,8aR)-5-[2-(2,5-Dihydro-5-methoxy-2-oxofuran- 3-yl)ethyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-5,6,8a- trimethylnaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (4), 5-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (5), 3,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid (6) and luteolin (7), were isolated of the leaves from Nanuza plicata. The compounds 3, 4, 5 and 6 are reported for the first time in Velloziaceae. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, especially NMR and MS analyses. The cytotoxicity of 3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide was studied in cultures of human glioblastoma GL-15 cells. The effective concentration, which killed 50 % of cells after 72 h was 36.5 {mu}mol L{sup -1}. Changes in cellular morphology, including retraction and degradation of cytoplasm, were observed when cells were treated with concentrations from 20 {mu}mol L-1 of 3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide for 72 h. (author)

Investigation of Superficial Resistance of Different Purity Copper at Boiling Nitrogen Temperature Depending on Treatment of Current-Conducting Layer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kutovoj, V.A.; Nikolaenko, A.A.; Stoev, P.I.

2007-01-01

Results of this scientific work show influence of annealing temperature and deformation degree of initial MOB copper and after electron beam refining on superficial resistance at temperature of boiling nitrogen. It is shown, that 30 % deformation and annealing in 873...923 K temperature range results in appreciable reduction of superficial resistance at the investigated samples of copper. The lowest values of superficial resistance after thermal and mechanical treatment were observed in the samples after electron beam refinement

PHS terminal &apos;TEGACKY&apos; dedicated to e-mailing; Mail senyo PHS tanmatsu &apos;TEGACKY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The e-mail utilization rate at mobile communication terminals is increasing at a remarkable rate, as if to grow above the rate of communication by voice. Under the circumstances, a PHS (Personal Handyphone System) terminal &apos;TEGACKY&apos; (type name: PM-T101) has been developed, designed exclusively for use for e-mailing. &apos;TEGACKY&apos; is characterized in that its icons may be activated with pen, that input may be made by handwriting, and that its large screen allows a 48-character message consisting of 4 lines of 12 characters to be displayed at one time despite its compact size. It can also perform communication directly with other terminals or e-mail via center, and is provided with an information service function. &apos;TEGACKY&apos; having such distinguished features has created a new category of terminals which are at once e-mailing tools. (translated by NEDO)

Outcome of superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a clinicopathological study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Aparecida Coelho de Arruda Henry

2013-05-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To analyze the clinicopathological features and outcome of patients with pathologically proven superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. METHODS: A total of 234 consecutive cases of esophageal carcinoma in a 15-year period were reviewed. RESULTS: Superficial esophageal cancer was found in five patients (2.1%. They were four men and one woman and the mean age was 52.5 years. Smoking and alcohol were the main risk factors. Achalasia due to Chagas disease occurred in one patient and a second primary tumor developed in the larynx in another patient. Four patients underwent esophagectomy and one patient received chemoradiotherapy. The histopathologic diagnosis was of squamous cell carcinoma in all cases. Intramucosal tumor (Tis was identified in three cases and superficially invasive carcinoma in two cases. Four patients are free of disease with survival times of two, four, six and nine years. The patient who developed laryngeal cancer died six years after esophagectomy. CONCLUSION: Long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer is related to early diagnosis. Therefore, a less aggressive surgical approach, such as endoscopic resection, may be a good option for these patients, if depth of tumor invasion can be accurately predicted by the new imaging tools.

The &apos;Transnuklear affair&apos; and its consequences. Die &apos;Transnuklear-Affaere&apos; und ihre Auswirkungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brinkert, M.

1992-03-01

The &apos;Bribe&apos; and &apos;Drum&apos; Affairs and suspected proliferation in connection with Transnuklear GmbH public around the turn of 1987/88. Many members of the press wished them to speed up the process of opting out of nuclear power. However, none of the accusations specifically related to nuclear power leveled at that time turned out to be tenable. Instead, all violations of the law which had been detected could have been punished in the same way as in any other branch of industry. As a consequence, the impacts arising to regulatory structures in the nuclear sector, especially the measures taken by the Federal Government, may be considered to have been unjustified in scope. The TN Affair and the associated litigation has caused a great deal of confidence in nuclear power to be lost, which now has to be reclaimed by purposeful public relations efforts. (orig.).

Flow Perturbation Mediates Neutrophil Recruitment and Potentiates Endothelial Injury via TLR2 in Mice – Implications for Superficial Erosion

Science.gov (United States)

Franck, Grégory; Mawson, Thomas; Sausen, Grasiele; Salinas, Manuel; Masson, Gustavo Santos; Cole, Andrew; Beltrami-Moreira, Marina; Chatzizisis, Yiannis; Quillard, Thibault; Tesmenitsky, Yevgenia; Shvartz, Eugenia; Sukhova, Galina K.; Swirski, Filip K.; Nahrendorf, Matthias; Aikawa, Elena; Croce, Kevin J.; Libby, Peter

2017-01-01

Rationale Superficial erosion currently causes up to a third of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), yet we lack understanding of its mechanisms. Thrombi due to superficial intimal erosion characteristically complicate matrix-rich atheromata in regions of flow perturbation. Objective This study tested in vivo the involvement of disturbed flow, and of neutrophils, hyaluronan, and TLR2 ligation in superficial intimal injury, a process implicated in superficial erosion. Methods and Results : In mouse carotid arteries with established intimal lesions tailored to resemble the substrate of human eroded plaques, acute flow perturbation promoted downstream endothelial cell (EC) activation, neutrophil accumulation, EC death and desquamation, and mural thrombosis. Neutrophil loss-of-function limited these findings. TLR2 agonism activated luminal ECs, and deficiency of this innate immune receptor decreased intimal neutrophil adherence in regions of local flow disturbance, reducing EC injury and local thrombosis (p<0.05). Conclusions These results implicate flow disturbance, neutrophils, and TLR2 signaling as mechanisms that contribute to superficial erosion, a cause of ACS of likely growing importance in the statin era. PMID:28428204

Solar campaign &apos;Solar - na klar.&apos; (solar - of course). Final report; Solarkampagne &apos;Solar - na klar.&apos;. Abschlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gege, M.; Kleinsteuber, A.; Krabbe, P.; Kroeger, P.; Maschke, K.; Niedert, S.; Schindelmann, F.; Thunert, A.; Weinberg, H.

2002-03-18

The German market for technically matured solar-thermal systems for generating hot water is growing by 20 per cent per year, with some deviations due to incentive policies. This growth can be and is planned to be increased systematically, with following goals: A practical contribution to the Federal Government&apos;s efforts to achieve the goals regarding the protection of climate; creating future-oriented jobs; supporting ecologically sustainable ways of life and models of consumption by convincing the consumers and other target groups of the fact that it makes sense already today to start utilizing solar energy and to invest also on private basis. These targets are expected to be set up with the help of a three-year mass campaign (1999 until 2001), i.e. the campaign called &apos;&apos;Solar - na klar.&apos;&apos; (solar - of course). [German] Der deutsche Markt fuer die technisch ausgereiften solarthermischen Anlagen zur Warmwassererzeugung waechst mit ca. 20% p.a., mit foerderpolitisch bedingten Schwankungen. Dieses Wachstum kann und soll systematisch gesteigert werden, mit folgenden Zielsetzungen: Praktischer Beitrag zur Erreichung der Klimaschutzziele der Bundesregierung; Schaffung zukunftsorientierter Arbeitsplaetze; Befoerderung oekologisch nachhaltiger Lebensstile und Konsummuster durch die Ueberzeugung der Verbraucher und weiterer Zielgruppen, dass es heute bereits sinnvoll ist, in die Nutzung der Solarenergie konkret einzusteigen und auch privat zu investieren. Diese Ziele sollen mithilfe einer auf drei Jahre angelegten Breitenkampagne (1999 bis 2001), d.h. der Kampagne &apos;Solar - na klar.&apos; erfolgen. (orig.)

The energy and monetary implications of the &apos;24/7 &apos;always on&apos; society

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Loveday, Dennis L. [Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU (United Kingdom); Bhamra, T.; Tang, T. [Department of Design and Technology, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU (United Kingdom); Haines, V.J.A. [Ergonomics and Safety Research Institute (ESRI), Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU (United Kingdom); Holmes, M.J. [ARUP, 13, Fitzroy Street, London W1T 4BR (United Kingdom); Green, R.J. [Institute for Energy Research and Policy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT (United Kingdom)

2008-12-15

This paper reviews the trends in society, technology and energy demand of the past 30 years, together with the growth of the &apos;on-demand&apos; culture. The &apos;24/7&apos; or &apos;always on&apos; society can be defined as one where people demand - and generally receive - what they want &apos;now&apos;. It has grown up in parallel with developments in information technology, which have produced the services needed to meet that demand. Larger numbers of appliances, resulting from greater affluence and disposable income, have increased energy use, despite energy efficiencies in other areas. While monetary factors suggest that changes brought about by the 24/7 society will generally be self-correcting at the macro-economic level, there will nevertheless be effects for individuals, such as potentially severe impacts on the fuel poor as electricity prices rise. We conclude with a view of future directions. As the 24/7 culture continues to grow, there is scope for designers and for information technology to manage and reduce energy consumption. This includes buildings, their services systems, and the mix of new technologies that will be deployed over the next 20 years or so, including the possibilities for data exchange and control at the interface between energy suppliers and consumers, coupled with greater understanding of the behaviour of the consumers themselves. (author)

Measure of the e+e-{yields}bb Cross Section at the LEP Energies; Medida de la seccion eficaz e&apos;'+e'&apos;-{yields}bb a las Energias de LEP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arce Dubois, P.

1992-07-01

In the present work I analyse the data collected during 1990 by the L3 detector, situated in the electron-positron collider LEP. After selecting the events e&apos;'+e'&apos;-{yields} bb through their semileptonic decays into muons, I calculate the cross section for the process e&apos;'+e'&apos;- {yields} bb at different energy points around the mass of the vectorial boson Z, and I measure some parameters of the Standard Model, namely, the Br(b{yields}{mu} ),{gamma}{sub z}n-{yields}bb/{gamma}{sub z}n{yields}had and {gamma}{sub z}n{yields}bb{gamma}{sub z}n{yields}e&apos;'+e'&apos;-. (Author) 26 refs.

Studio della superficie degli impianti dentali in titanio: La nanotecnologia nella valutazione delle nuove superfici implantari in rapporto all'osteointegrazione dei mascellari

OpenAIRE

Ricci, Emanuele

2015-01-01

Il presente lavoro parte dalla descrizione dei processi di rimodellamento osseo mascellare a seguito della perdita di elementi dentari e la successiva riabilitazione mediante impianto dentale osteointegrato. Approfondiremo proprio i complessi aspetti dell’osteointegrazione su superfici implantari in titanio sia a livello micro che macroscopico. Nel campo dell’implantologia, infatti, il titanio risulta essere il materiale maggiormente impiegato in virtù della sua eccellente biocompatibilità...

Changes in the &apos;medical research&apos; licensing procedure under the German Radiation Protection Ordinance; Neuerungen im Genehmigungsverfahren &apos;Medizinische Forschung&apos; gemaess Roentgen- und Strahlenschutzverordnung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Habeck, M.; Minkov, V.; Griebel, J.; Brix, G. [Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz (BfS), Oberschleissheim-Neuherberg (Germany). Fachbereich Strahlenschutz und Gesundheit; Epsch, R.; Langer, M. [Deutsche Roentgengesellschaft e.V. (DRG), Berlin (Germany). Klinische Studienkoordination

2012-06-15

This publication outlines the &apos;medical research&apos; licensing procedure as specified in the amendment of the German Radiation Protection Ordinance of November 1, 2011. The general licensing requirements for the use of radiation have not been changed by the amendment. Three so-called use restrictions (i.e., dose limits of 10 mSv and 20 mSv, age limit of 50 years) have been modified. They will only apply to healthy volunteers in the future. In addition, there are considerable simplifications with respect to applications and licensing procedures of the Federal Office for Radiation Protection (Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, BfS) regarding the use of radiation in the newly introduced &apos;accompanying diagnostics&apos; (&apos;Begleitdiagnostik&apos;) case group. The newly established, independent panel of experts at the German Radiological Society (Deutsche Roentgengesellschaft, DRG) may provide essential support to principal investigators, qualified physicians and sponsors for differentiating between &apos;medical research&apos; and &apos;health care&apos;, the latter not being subject to licensing. An expert statement will be issued by the DRG within four weeks of an inquiry. This consulting service is subject to confidentiality, and is free of charge for inquirers and without any commitment. (orig.)

Hybrid coolers allow important water saving; Les refroidisseurs &apos;'hybrides'&apos; permettent des economies d&apos;eau importantes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bitsch, V. [Societe Jaeggi-France (France)

2005-03-01

Air cooling systems used with refrigerating machineries are in general highly water and electricity consuming. The use of &apos;hybrid&apos; systems having the characteristics of both close-cycle evaporative systems and dry coolers allow important water saving. This article presents the operation principle and characteristics of such cooling systems. (J.S.)

Assessment report of research and development on &apos;the abolition measures of nuclear facilities and associated technology development&apos; and &apos;radioactive waste treatment and disposal and associated technology development&apos; (result evaluation, in advance evaluation) and &apos;technology development related to reprocessing of nuclear fuel material&apos; (In advance evaluation)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-07-01

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (hereinafter referred to as &apos;JAEA&apos;) consulted the &apos;Evaluation Committee for Decommissioning and Radioactive Waste Management &apos; for result evaluation and in advance evaluation of &apos;The abolition measures of nuclear facilities and associated technology development&apos; project and &apos;Radioactive waste treatment and disposal and associated technology development&apos; project and &apos;Technology development related to reprocessing of nuclear fuel material&apos; project in accordance with the &apos;Guideline for evaluation of government R and D activities&apos;, the &apos;Guideline for evaluation of R and D in Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)&apos; and the &apos;Operational rule for evaluation of R and D activities&apos; by JAEA. In response to the JAEA&apos;s request, the Evaluation Committee for Decommissioning and Radioactive Waste Management, in accordance with the evaluation method as defined in the Committee deliberations and oral report and deliberation of material about the R and D project of three was conducted. This report summarizes the results of the assessment by the Committee with the Committee report. (author)

Class I HDAC inhibition is a novel pathway for regulating astrocytic apoE secretion.

Science.gov (United States)

Dresselhaus, Erica; Duerr, James M; Vincent, Fabien; Sylvain, Emily K; Beyna, Mercedes; Lanyon, Lorraine F; LaChapelle, Erik; Pettersson, Martin; Bales, Kelly R; Ramaswamy, Gayathri

2018-01-01

Despite the important role of apolipoprotein E (apoE) secretion from astrocytes in brain lipid metabolism and the strong association of apoE4, one of the human apoE isoforms, with sporadic and late onset forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) little is known about the regulation of astrocytic apoE. Utilizing annotated chemical libraries and a phenotypic screening strategy that measured apoE secretion from a human astrocytoma cell line, inhibition of pan class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) was identified as a mechanism to increase apoE secretion. Knocking down select HDAC family members alone or in combination revealed that inhibition of the class I HDAC family was responsible for enhancing apoE secretion. Knocking down LXRα and LXRβ genes revealed that the increase in astrocytic apoE in response to HDAC inhibition occurred via an LXR-independent pathway. Collectively, these data suggest that pan class I HDAC inhibition is a novel pathway for regulating astrocytic apoE secretion.

Prospects for neutron star equation of state constraints using &apos;'recycled'&apos; millisecond pulsars

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bogdanov, Slavko [Columbia University, Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, New York, NY (United States)

2016-02-15

&apos;'Recycled'&apos; millisecond pulsars are a variety of rapidly spinning neutron stars that typically show thermal X-ray radiation due to the heated surface of their magnetic polar caps. Detailed numerical modeling of the rotation-induced thermal X-ray pulsations observed from recycled millisecond pulsars, including all relevant relativistic and stellar atmospheric effects, has been identified as a promising approach towards an astrophysical determination of the true neutron star mass-radius relation, and by extension the state of cold matter at densities exceeding those of atomic nuclei. Herein, I review the basic model and methodology commonly used to extract information regarding neutron star structure from the pulsed X-ray radiation observed from millisecond pulsars. I also summarize the results of past X-ray observations of these objects and the prospects for precision neutron star mass-radius measurements with the upcoming Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) X-ray timing mission. (orig.)

Energy and the new class. [Assault of &apos;&apos;new breed&apos;&apos; of American on established institutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

King, L.

1979-03-14

The bounty of the US is taken for granted by its population. Nowhere is this misvaluation of a society and its benefits more evident than in the energy industries. But energy represents a tool by which society can be shaped; a device by which the standared of living and the very nature of the national lifestyle can be controlled, modified, amplified, or reduced. Two examples examined to show how energy shapes social order and human life are the women&apos;s movement and the desire to live in the Sunbelt. Five phenomena are then examined to point out the desire to restrain the nation&apos;s rampant pursuit of a higher standard of living, as opposed to the more subjective and seemingly more desirable goal of a better quality of life: the civil rights movement; the environmental movement; the Vietnam War; the Watergate scandal; and the assumption that prosperity at today&apos;s level is irreducible, concrete, and not subject to diminution. The &apos;&apos;new class&apos;&apos; is essentially made up of those educated in the liberal arts, divorced from an understanding of the mechanics of free-enterprise institutions and of the sicences. The antagonistic view of the new class of corporations and its assault on established institutions are noted. Energy companies are frustrated in telling their story, but the story that must be told is not the story of how excellently the energy sector has performed, but the story of how a new breed of Americans is seeking to remake America in its own image without the rest being aware of what is going on. (MCW)

The comparative analysis of &apos;Regulations on safety of radioactive waste management&apos; of China and federal law &apos;On the management of radioactive waste&apos; of Russian

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Lili; Zhang Qiao'e; Fan Yun; Liu Ting; Gao Siqi

2012-01-01

In this article, the &apos;Regulations on safety of radioactive waste management&apos; of China and Federal Law &apos;On the management of radioactive waste&apos; of Russian were compared, from three aspects: overall legislative ideas, respective unique place and difference of common parts. Refining summed up should learn the contents of the Federal Law &apos;On the management of radioactive waste&apos; of Russian, for the learning exchanges. (authors)

Anatomía de la arteria temporal superficial: importancia quirúrgica: estudio piloto en cadáveres

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.J. Pradel-Mora

2015-03-01

Full Text Available El conocimiento preciso de los patrones vasculares permite mejorar los resultados de la reconstrucción regional del pabellón auricular y el diseño de colgajos regionales dependientes de la arteria temporal superficial para la reconstrucción facial. En México, no contamos en la actualidad con descripciones anatómicas de las variantes vasculares normales de la arteria temporal superficial. El objetivo de este trabajo es la descripción de las variantes anatómicas de la arteria temporal superficial a través de la disección de este vaso en 12 regiones tempo-parieto-occipitales en cadáveres. Nuestros resultados muestran que la arteria temporal superficial siempre se divide en dos ramas, una anterior y otra posterior, la distribución de ésta se sitúa en el cuarto más posterior de la región temporal, con una bifurcación alta. La distribución de la anatomía vascular, tomando en cuenta el calibre mayor de la arteria temporal superficial con respecto a la arteria auricular posterior, la ausencia de esta última en 4 de las regiones estudiadas, así como la distancia de dichos vasos con respecto al conducto auditivo externo, sugieren que en nuestra población la irrigación del pabellón auricular depende de la arteria temporal superficial, restándole importancia a la aportación del riego sanguíneo de esta región por parte de la arteria auricular posterior. Nuestro estudio arroja resultados que indican la existencia de variaciones importantes en la anatomía vascular regional que justifican la realización de estudios posteriores que permitan una descripción mas detallada de la misma para aumentar el éxito de las intervenciones quirúrgicas.

APLICAÇÃO DE GEOTÊXTEIS BIODEGRADÁVEIS NA REDUÇÃO DO ESCOAMENTO SUPERFICIAL E CONTROLE DA EROSÃO SUPERFICIAL, UBERLÂNDIA/MG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Fernando Rodrigues Bezerra

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Esse artigo aborda a utilização dos geotêxteis biodegradáveis no controle do escoamento superficial e perda de sedimentos. Para alcançar esse objetivo, uma estação experimental foi construída na Fazenda do Glória, no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, a qual ficou funcionando no período de 18/11/2005 a 30/03/2006. Duas parcelas foram construídas, com as seguintes características: medidas de 1m x 10m, com uma calha, na parte inferior de cada parcela, para coletar água do escoamento superficial e sedimentos transportados. Uma das parcelas ficou sem cobertura vegetal durante todo o monitoramento e a outra recebeu a proteção dos geotêxteis (Buriti e sementes de gramínea. Durante os cinco meses de monitoramento, houve um total de 1.087,22mm de chuva. Na parcela sem cobertura vegetal, o total de escoamento superficial foi de 297,16L m-2, enquanto na parcela com os geotêxteis com gramíneas foi de 123,92L m-2, ou seja, mais da metade do total de escoamento da parcela sem proteção. Em termos da produção de sedimentos, a diferença foi ainda mais significativa; na parcela sem proteção dos geotêxteis, o total de solo erodido foi de 19.778,13g m-2, enquanto na outra parcela, o total foi de apenas 1.317,92g m-2. Esses resultados mostram que os geotêxteis construídos com fibra de Buriti podem ser bem eficientes no controle da erosão

CRITERIOS PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE SUPERFICIES MULTITÁCTILES Y SUS APLICACIONES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

YENNY A. MÉNDEZ

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Las superficies multitáctiles son tecnologías que empiezan a tener un elevado uso. Se toman como referentes aspectos utilizados para la evaluación de usabilidad de sistemas interactivos, así como las característicasque los investigadores y desarrolladores sugieren que deberían tener las superficies multitáctiles y las aplicaciones desarrolladas. Se presenta una propuesta inicial de criterios que deberían tenerse en cuenta para incluir  aspectos de ergonomía, usabilidad y colaboración en el momento de realizar evaluaciones para estas tecnologías. Se ilustra cómo se pueden aplicar los criterios propuestos a través de un caso de estudio que cuenta con resultados promisorios.

The Influence of Teachers&apos; Conceptions on Their Students&apos; Learning: Children&apos;s Understanding of Sheet Music

Science.gov (United States)

López-Íñiguez, Guadalupe; Pozo, Juan Ignacio

2014-01-01

Background: Despite increasing interest in teachers&apos; and students&apos; conceptions of learning and teaching, and how they influence their practice, there are few studies testing the influence of teachers&apos; conceptions on their students&apos; learning. Aims: This study tests how teaching conception (TC; with a distinction between…

Contributions to the qualification of the &apos;'CRISTAL'&apos; criticality calculi scheme: interpretation of critical experiments. Elaboration of a characterization system of neutronic configurations; Contributions a la qualification du schema de calcul de criticite &apos;'cristal'&apos;: interpretation d&apos;experiences critiques. Elaboration d&apos;un systeme de caracterisation des configurations neutroniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gagnier, E

1999-06-01

This thesis work is about the validation of the new criticality-safety package CRISTAL and contributes to the modernization and the improvement of the computational tools. The first part presents neutronic elements, the objectives of safety criticality studies and the package CRISTAL. Then, the validation work concerned two series of experiments involving uranyl solutions (UO{sub 2}F{sub 2}) and UO{sub 2} powders. For these experiments, the differences between the computation results and the experimental results were analysed. It was highlighted interesting physical phenomena such of the compensations of errors between the approximate representation by the 99 energy group structure on the first resonance of oxygen and the anisotropy of the diffusion simulation as well as the influence of uranium 234 in high enriched solutions in uranium 235. Once the work of the experimental qualification carried out, raises the question of the use the base of qualification and the &apos;'calculation-experiment'&apos; variations which are referred to it. It is often difficult to establish the link between the &apos;&apos;studied configuration&apos;&apos; and the experiments of the base of qualification. The presented characterisation system proposes to answer in a way automatic and quantified this difficulty: - in bringing an answer on the package qualification for the studied configuration, - in giving an estimate of the package bias. To answer these points, it was defined a set of 35 characteristic neutronic parameters representing the behaviour of the medium. To process the information brought by these parameters and to use it to answer the objectives of the system, we called upon statistical methods (Principal Components Analysis and Sliced Inverse Regression). The results obtained in the feasibility studies showed the relevance of these methods for the considered objectives. (author)

Perceiving, explaining, and observing climatic changes. An historical case study of the &apos;&apos;year without a summer&apos;&apos; 1816

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bodenmann, Tom; Hirsch Hadorn, Gertrude [ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Inst. for Environmental Decisions; Broennimann, Stefan [Univ. of Bern (Switzerland). Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research and Inst of Geography; Krueger, Tobias [Staatsarchiv Solothurn (Switzerland); Weissert, Helmut [ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Geological Inst.

2011-12-15

The role of the &apos;&apos;year without a summer&apos;&apos; (YWAS) in 1816 in shaping the scientific discourse on climatic changes has been investigated in an interdisciplinary project by studying reactions of different knowledge systems to the YWAS as an initially unexplainable event. The analysis of two Swiss newspapers shows that contemporary science did not play a role in perceiving and dealing with the impacts of the YWAS on the population. Since no climate discipline of its own existed, few contemporary scientist, as we would call those men of science today, were ready to take this situation as an opportunity, reinforcing existing ideas in their domain (e.g. botany, geology, astronomy). Nevertheless, the YWAS did have impacts on science. A &apos;'call'&apos; was issued by the Swiss Natural Sciences Society shortly after the event. The work of one of the respondents became influential for the development of the ice age theory. By revealing a general lack of knowledge on climate, the YWAS might have contributed to the construction of meteorological stations at that time. Some contemporary scientists argued that the cold summer in western Europe was caused by huge masses of ice drifting in the North Atlantic. However, there were no theories that could have linked the exceptionally wet weather in Europe with a volcanic eruption on the other side of the globe. Not before the early 20{sup th} century was the YWAS linked to the Tambora eruption of 1815. After almost two centuries, the YWAS has remained a challenge and source of inspiration. (orig.)

&apos;Lifecycle cost&apos; management used in ITER project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xing Chao; Wu Fengfeng

2013-01-01

&apos;Lifecycle cost&apos; management is a new kind of management. The International Nuclear Fusion Energy Program was managing by &apos;lifecycle cost&apos; method. The cost and other factors associated with cost were under control by the method. In the future, the system engineering method should be focused in engineering management, paying equal attention to both evaluation and management, and strengthening the application of information system in the cost management to effectively improve the management level. (authors)

SKI&apos;s and SSI&apos;s review of SKB&apos;s safety report SR-Can

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dverstorp, Bjoern; Stroemberg, Bo (and others)

2008-03-15

This report summarises SKI&apos;s and SSI&apos;s joint review of the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co&apos;s (SKB) safety report SR-Can (SKB TR-06-09). SR-Can is the first assessment of post-closure safety for a KBS-3 spent nuclear fuel repository at the candidate sites Forsmark and Laxemar, respectively. The analysis builds on data from the initial stage of SKB&apos;s surface-based site investigations and on data from full-scale manufacturing and testing of buffer and copper canisters. SR-Can can be regarded as a preliminary version of the safety report that will be required in connection with SKB&apos;s planned licence application for a final repository in late 2009. The main purpose of the authorities&apos; review is to provide feedback to SKB on their safety reporting as part of the pre-licensing consultation process. However, SR-Can is not part of the formal licensing process. In support of the authorities&apos; review three international peer review teams were set up to make independent reviews of SR-Can from three perspectives, namely integration of site data, representation of the engineered barriers and safety assessment methodology, respectively. Further, several external experts and consultants have been engaged to review detailed technical and scientific issues in SR-Can. The municipalities of Oesthammar and Oskarshamn where SKB is conducting site investigations, as well NGOs involved in SKB&apos;s programme, have been invited to provide their views on SR-Can as input to the authorities&apos; review. Finally, the authorities themselves, and with the help of consultants, have used independent models to reproduce part of SKB&apos;s calculations and to make complementary calculations. All supporting review documents are published in SKI&apos;s and SSI&apos;s report series. The main findings of the review are: -SKB&apos;s safety assessment methodology is overall in accordance with applicable regulations, but part of the methodology needs to be

Search for B Meson Decays to eta&apos; eta&apos; K

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aubert, B.

2006-05-05

The authors describe searches for decays of B mesons to the charmless final states {eta}&apos;{eta}&apos;K. The data consist of 228 million B{bar B} pairs produced in e{sup +}e{sup -} annihilation, collected with the BABAR detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The 90% confidence level upper limits for the branching fractions are {Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} {eta}&apos;{eta}&apos;K{sup 0}) < 31 x 10{sup -6} and {Beta}(B{sup +} {yields} {eta}&apos;{eta}&apos;K{sup +}) < 25 x 10{sup -6}.

What does &apos;nuclear power village&apos; represent in the newspaper articles?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takenaka, I.; Kimura, H.

2014-01-01

Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster in 2011, we have often heard the word &apos;Nuclear Power Village (Genshiryoku-Mura in Japanese)&apos; in Japan. &apos;Nuclear Power Village&apos; is used for the Japanese community related to nuclear power generation. In this paper, we analysed Japanese newspapers and clarified usages of &apos;Nuclear Power Village&apos;. As a result, we found there are two images of &apos;Nuclear Power Village&apos;. One image has a common purpose of the promotion of nuclear power. Another image has a common purpose of acquiring gain. We also clarified the characteristics of the images such as interdependence, closed community and so on. (author)

What does &apos;nuclear power village&apos; represent in the newspaper articles?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takenaka, I., E-mail: isshin.takenaka@gmail.com [The Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan); Kimura, H., E-mail: kimura.hiroshi.0110@gmail.com [Public Outreach, Non-Profit, Tokyo (Japan)

2014-07-01

Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster in 2011, we have often heard the word &apos;Nuclear Power Village (Genshiryoku-Mura in Japanese)&apos; in Japan. &apos;Nuclear Power Village&apos; is used for the Japanese community related to nuclear power generation. In this paper, we analysed Japanese newspapers and clarified usages of &apos;Nuclear Power Village&apos;. As a result, we found there are two images of &apos;Nuclear Power Village&apos;. One image has a common purpose of the promotion of nuclear power. Another image has a common purpose of acquiring gain. We also clarified the characteristics of the images such as interdependence, closed community and so on. (author)

Swiss &apos;Electricity&apos; Research Programme 2004-2007; Konzept des Forschungsprogramms &apos;Elektrizitaet&apos; 2004 - 2007

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brueniger, R.

2004-07-01

This report issued by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) provides details on Swiss research in the electricity area that is foreseen for the period 2004-2007. The report discusses the current state of electricity research and the strategic goals for the period and presents the organisations involved and their previous work. The general main areas of interest addressed by the programme are noted, such as the storage and transport of electricity as well as its use in communication technologies, motors, domestic appliances and industrial applications. Figures are presented on the programme&apos;s finances and the concept of &apos;trend-watching&apos; groups is briefly addressed.

Jevons&apos; paradox

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alcott, Blake [Gretenweg 4, CH 8038 Zurich (Switzerland)

2005-07-01

Technological efficiency; Rebound; Impact; Consumption; Growth; Jevons In The Coal Question William Stanley Jevons [Jevons, W.S., 1865/1965. The Coal Question: an Inquiry Concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of our Coal-mines. 3rd edition 1905, Ed. A.W. Flux. Augustus M. Kelley, New York.] maintained that technological efficiency gains-specifically the more &apos;economical&apos; use of coal in engines doing mechanical work-actually increased the overall consumption of coal, iron, and other resources, rather than &apos;saving&apos; them, as many claimed. Twentieth-century economic growth theory also sees technological change as the main cause of increased production and consumption. In contrast, some ecologically-oriented economists and practically all governments, green political parties and NGOs believe that efficiency gains lower consumption and negative environmental impact. Others doubt this &apos;efficiency strategy&apos; towards sustainability, holding that efficiency gains &apos;rebound&apos; or even &apos;backfire&apos; in pursuing this goal, causing higher production and consumption. Because many environmental problems demand rapid and clear policy recommendations, this issue deserves high priority in ecological economics. If Jevons is right, efficiency policies are counter-productive, and business-as-usual efficiency gains must be compensated for with physical caps like quotas or rationing.

Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of a novel &apos;&apos;3+1&apos;&apos; mixed ligand {sup 99m}Tc complex having an aliphatic thiol as coligand

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rey, A. E-mail: arey@bilbo.edu.uy; Papadopoulos, M.; Leon, E.; Mallo, L.; Pirmettis, Y.; Manta, E.; Raptopoulou, C.; Chiotellis, E.; Leon, A

2001-03-01

A novel &apos;&apos;3+1&apos;&apos; mixed ligand {sup 99m}Tc complex with N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-N&apos;N&apos;-diethyl-ethilenediamine as ligand and 1-octanethiol as coligand was prepared and evaluated as potential brain radiopharmaceutical. Preparation at tracer level was accomplished by substitution, using {sup 99m}Tc-glucoheptonate as precursor and a coligand/ligand ratio of 5. Under these conditions the labeling yield was over 80% and a major product with radiochemical purity >80% was isolated by HPLC methods and used for biological evaluation. Chemical characterization at carrier level was developed using the corresponding rhenium and {sup 99g}Tc complexes. Results were consistent with the expected &apos;&apos;3+1&apos;&apos; structure and X-ray diffraction study demonstrated that the complex adopted a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. All sulphur atoms underwent ionization leading to the formation of a neutral compound. Biodistribution in mice demonstrated early brain uptake, fast blood clearance and excretion through hepatobiliary system. Although brain/blood ratio increased significantly with time, this novel {sup 99m}Tc complex did not exhibit ideal properties as brain perfusion radiopharmaceutical since brain uptake was too low.

Caracterización superficial en fase gas y líquida de carbones activados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Giraldo Gutierréz

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Se determinó el área superficial de carbones activados obtenidos a partir de cascarilla de café y cáscara de coco, mediante isotermas de adsorción de N2 a 77K. Se compararon los resultados con aquellos obtenidos con un método comúnmente utilizado, el índice de azul de metileno, y se encontró una buena correlación entre las dos áreas determinadas por éste método. Se muestra que los dos métodos permiten realizar un análisis complementario de una superficie porosa./ The superficial area of an activated carbon obtained from coffee husk and coconut shell was determined, by means of isotherms of adsorption of N2 to 77K and the results they area compared with the method of index blue of methylene, finding an good correlation between the two areas determined by this method. This research shows that both methods allow making a complementary analysis of a porous surface.

ISO 3171 production hydrocarbons allocation sampling for challenging &apos;'tie-ins'&apos;with pressures close to RVP breakout

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jiskoot, Mark

2005-07-01

There are an increasing number of applications where sampling is required for crude oils and condensates at close to vapour breakout in production environments. These are typified where the quality measurement must be extracted/made in the &apos;'oil'&apos; leg of a separator. The exertion of back pressure (pressure loss) on the liquid leg to expand the operating envelope is generally not acceptable due to the effect that this will have on the separator efficiency and this frequently precludes the use of normal metering technologies. These conditions represent some of the hardest for quality determination. In conventional separators, velocities are low to promote separation of the gas and liquids and the therefore the gas pressure within the liquid phase is close to breakout. Frequently there is an envelope of less than 0.5 bar below the operating pressure at which the fluid will start to cavitate. Concurrent with the low velocity is the expectation of some free water that would require mixing to ensure representativity. There are frequently also severe restrictions on space and the piping arrangement in which to achieve a representative off-take. The &apos;'rules'&apos; that are applied to representative sampling are equally applicable to the use of water monitors (water cut, OWD) and to densitometers. An integrated quality measurement system that prevents any impact on the process and also provides the required mixing to allow extraction of a representative off take that can be used for physical samplers as well as process instrumentation such as densitometers, viscometers and water cut monitors can be achieved by careful design. Jiskoot has adapted its CoJetix technology to meet these goals. (author) (tk)

In LDL receptor-deficient mice, catabolism of remnant lipoproteins requires a high level of apoE but is inhibited by excess apoE

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dijk, K.W. van; Vlijmen, B.J.M. van; Hof, H.B. van 't; Zee, A. van der; Santamarina-Fojo, S.; Berkel, T.J.C. van; Havekes, L.M.; Hofker, M.H.

1999-01-01

To investigate the quantitative requirement for apolipoprotein (apo) E in the clearance of lipoproteins via the non-low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mediated pathway, human APOE was overexpressed at various levels in the livers of mice deficient for both the endogenous Apoe and Ldlr genes

Superficial biopsy of the cervix: new technique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ettore De Girolami

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Cytological examination of the cervix in all patients is considered a necessity. A new technique of superficial biopsy is described and advantages en. numeratedEl Autor presenta una nueva técnica para biopsia superficial, considerando la necesidad de hacer rutinariamente a todas las pacientes el examen citológico del cérvix. La muestra se toma con el extremo de un aplicador cubierto de gaza. Este dispositivo, humedecido previamente en una solución de etanol, metanol y éter etílico, se aplica inmediatamente al cérvix del útero y, dándole un movimiento como el de las manecillas del reloj, se toma la muestra con la que se hacen frotis por aposición que se colorean por el método de Giemsa. Esta técnica ofrece la ventaja de que el tejido en estudio se adhiere perfectamente a la gaza, la cual, con el movimiento de rotación, desprende las células del "os uteri", las que son fijadas al mismo tiempo. La preparación del dispositivo es sumamente sencilla. La prueba resulta de bajo costo como de breve y fácil realizaciónL' Autore prende in considerazione l'utilitá dell' esame citologico del collo dell'utero, fatto rutinariamente a tutte le pazienti. Si descrive una nuova tecnica di biopsia superficiale che oltfe ad offrire dei vantaggi é di poca spesa e si puó eseguire con facilitá ed in breve tempo

Scenarios for an integrated sustainability policy - using the example of the &apos;&apos;Sustainable City 2030&apos;&apos;; Szenarien fuer eine integrierte Nachhaltigkeitspolitik - am Beispiel: Die nachhaltige Stadt 2030. Bd. 3. Teilbericht &apos;&apos;Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften in der Stadt 2030&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grabow, Busso; Hollbach-Groemig, Beate; Groepler, Nicolai; Rechenberg, Christoph [Deutsches Inst. fuer Urbanistik (DiFu), Berlin (Germany); Gassner, Robert [Institut fuer Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung gGmbH (IZT), Berlin (Germany)

2013-04-15

The partial report,Sustainability economic activity in the City 2030&apos; was performed as a part of a project of the Federal Environment Agency (Dessau-Rosslau, Federal Republic of Germany) entitled &apos;Scenarios for an integrated sustainability policy - exemplified by using,Sustainable City 2030&apos;&apos;. The objectives of this partial report are: (a) Presentation of the topic and its importance in the current debate on sustainability; (b) Answering the questions: What are the interfaces to the municipal level? What is about the capability of acting at the municipal level? Which framework conditions are necessary on the part of the Federal Government and the State Governments?; (c) Rough outline of the current situation; (d) Outlining the opportunities and perspectives up to the implementation of the sustainable economic activity.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system due to brachial plexus injury: a case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Setogutti, Enio Tadashi; Cassuriaga, Jefferson; Valduga, Simone Gianella; Lorenzzoni, Pablo Longhi; Severgnini, Giancarlo Muraro; Feldman, Carlos Jader

2005-01-01

Superficial siderosis can be caused by hemosiderin deposition o the leptomeninges and subpial layers of the neuro-axis due to recurrent subarachnoid haemorrhage. Probable intrathecal bleeding sites must be investigated. In ut t 50% of the patients the bleeding source may be identified and the progression of the disease can be interrupted. In this study, the authors present a case of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system developed two decades after a traumatic lesion of the brachial plexus.(author)

Preparation of uranium-based oxide catalysts; Preparation de catalyseurs oxydes a base d&apos;uranium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bressat, R. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

We have studied the thermal decomposition of uranyl and uranium IV oxalates as a mean of producing uranium dioxide. We have isolated the main intermediate phases of the decompositions and have indexed the lines of their X-ray diffraction patterns. The oxides produced by the decomposition are ill-defined and unstable: they strongly absorb atmospheric oxygen with modification of the composition and, in certain cases, of the structure (pyrophoric oxide). With a view to obtaining stable oxides, we have prepared mixed uranium-thorium oxalates. In order to prepare an oxalate having a homogeneous composition, it is necessary to adopt a well-defined preparation method: the addition of solutions of thorium and uranium IV nitrates to a continually saturated oxalic acid solution. The mixed oxide obtained from the thermal decomposition of an oxalate U{sub x}Th{sub 1-x}(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 2}, 2 H{sub 2}O at 500 C for 24 hours in a current of oxygen leads to a cubic structure which is well-defined both in the bulk and superficially when x is less than 0.35. Above this atomic concentration of uranium, some uranium moves out of the lattice in the form of UO{sub 3} or U{sub 3}O{sub 8} according to the temperature. The mixed oxide is not stoichiometric,(U{sub x}Th{sub 1-x}O{sub 2+y}) and the average degree of oxidation of the uranium varies with the temperature and partial oxygen pressure. The oxides thus formed have a high surface area. By dissolving the mixed oxalates in a concentrated solution of ammonium oxalate, it is possible to deposit the catalyst on a support, but the differences in the solubilities of the thorium and uranium IV oxalates in the ammonium oxalate make it impossible to prepare double salts formed either of thorium and uranium and of ammonium. (author) [French] Nous avons etudie la decomposition thermique des oxalates d&apos;uranyle et d&apos;uranium IV en vue d&apos;aboutir au dioxide d&apos;uranium. Nous avons pu isoler les principales phases

Superficial shell insulation in resting and exercising men in cold water.

Science.gov (United States)

Veicsteinas, A; Ferretti, G; Rennie, D W

1982-06-01

From measurements of subcutaneous fat temperature (Tsf) at known depths below the surface, skin surface temperature (Tsk), and direct skin heat flux (H), the superficial shell isulation (Iss) of the thigh (fat + skin) was calculated as Iss (degrees C.m2.w-1) = (Tsf - Tsk)/H in nine male subjects immersed head out in a well-stirred water bath. Also, at critical water temperature (CWT = 28-33 degrees C), eight of the subjects rested for 3 h, enabling overall maximal tissue insulation (It,max) to be calculated as It,max (degrees C.m2.W-1) = (Tre - Tw)/(0.92 M +/- delta S), where Tre is rectal temperature, Tw is water temperature, M is metabolic rate, and s is loss or gain of body heat. Five subjects performed up to 2 h of mild leg cycling, preceded and followed by 60 min of rest, and both thigh Iss and overall It were measured during exercise. Iss increased from minimal values in Tw greater than 33 degrees C to maximal values (Iss,max) at CWT or below. Iss,max was linearly related to tissue thickness (d) in millimeters of fat plus skin, Iss,max (degrees C.m2.W-1) = 0.0048d-0.0052; r = 0.95, n = 37, and was not influenced by leg exercise up to a metabolic rate of 150 W.m-2 in CWT despite large increases in Tsf and H and large decreases in overall It. The slope of Iss,max vs. depth, 0.0048 degrees C.m2.W-1.mm-1, is almost identical to thermal resistivity of fat in vitro, suggesting that the superficial shell is unperfused in CWT at rest or during mild exercise. When maximal superficial shell insulation (It,ss,max) for the whole body was calculated with allowance for differing fat thicknesses and surface areas of body regions, it could account for only 10-15% of overall It,max at rest and 35-40% of overall It in mild exercise. We suggest that the poorly perfused muscle shell plays a more important role as a defense against cooling at CWT than does the superficial shell (fat + skin), particularly at rest.

&apos;Atomic Bremsstrahlung&apos;: Retrospectives, current status and perspectives

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amusia, M.Ya. [Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel) and Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg 194021 (Russian Federation)]. E-mail: Amusia@vms.huji.ac.il

2006-10-15

We describe here the &apos;Atomic bremsstrahlung&apos; (AB)-emission of continuous spectrum electromagnetic radiation, which is generated in collisions of particles that have internal deformable structure that includes positively and negatively charged constituents. The deformation of one or both colliding partners induces multiple, mainly dipole, time-dependent electrical moments that become a source of radiation. The history of AB invention is presented and its unusual in comparison to ordinary bremsstrahlung (OB) properties, are discussed. As examples, fast electron atom, non-relativistic and relativistic collisions are considered. Attention is given to ion-atom and atom-atom collisions. Specifics of &apos;elastic&apos; and &apos;inelastic&apos; (i.e. radiation accompanied by destruction of collision partners) AB will be mentioned. Attention will be given to possible manifestation of AB in nature and in some exotic systems, for instance scattering of electrons upon muonic hydrogen. Some cooperative effects connected to AB will be considered. New classical schemes similar to AB will be presented.

Arsenic present in the &apos;Region Lagunera&apos; and its technical solution; Presencia de arsenico en la Comarca Lagunera y su solucion desde el punto de vista tecnico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alvarez Silva, Mayeli; Uribe Salas, Alejandro [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) (Mexico)

2006-10-15

Here is presented the development of a technology to remedy a case of chronic hydro-arsenicism (water contamination with arsenic) in the &apos;Region Lagunera&apos; of Mexico. In the northern-central region of the Mexican Republic have been detected aquifers with an arsenic concentration exceeding in tenths of times the limits established by the regulations, this as a result of geothermal activity, use of pesticides, the mining industry and the water&apos;s sedimentary origin, therefore a technology applicable to domestic level has been developed which includes the arsenic adsorption on the surface of ferric oxide and the particle elimination by means of a filtration stage. Facing the election of a method of simple and low cost removal, the reverse osmosis, the electro-coagulation and the adsorption on metallic oxides are analyzed, taking into consideration the most important options for treatment, advantages and limitations. [Spanish] Desarrollo de una tecnologia de remediacion para un caso de hidroarsenicismo cronico en la Comarca Lagunera de Mexico. En la region norcentral de la republica mexicana se han detectado acuiferos con una concentracion de arsenico que excede decenas de veces los limites establecidos por las regulaciones, esto a consecuencia de actividad termal, uso de pesticidas, industria minera y origenes sedimentarios del agua, por ende se ha desarrollado una tecnologia aplicable a nivel domiciliario que incluye la adsorcion del arsenico en la superficie del oxido ferrico y la eliminacion de particulas mediante una etapa de filtracion. Frente a la eleccion de un metodo de remocion simple y de bajo costo se analizan la osmosis inversa, la electrocoagulacion y la adsorcion en oxidos metalicos tomando en cuenta las opciones mas importantes de tratamiento, ventajas y limitaciones.

Thermal management of a &apos;'BC'&apos; size molicel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fouchard, D.; Ruggier, L.; Taylor, B.J.

1987-05-01

The &apos;'BC'&apos; size MOLICEL using the rechargeable system Li/MoS/sub 2/ has already been shown to have performance characteristics appropriate for use in an electric vehicle battery. The cell design, based on the results of thermal modelling studies, has been modified to provide for improved removal of waste heat resulting from planned high power discharge or from accidental electrical abuse. Experimental verification of the various interfacial thermal impedances was done and an appropriate heat sink specified to use air cooling for the final rejection stage. Fully instrumented 45 Ah test cells were built using a design in which waste heat was caused to flow axially in the aluminum foils forming the cathode current collector. The bottom ends of these foils were thermally integrated to the cell can bottom which had air cooling fins attached externally. Two fully charged cells of this special design were subjected to sustained short circuit whilst being cooled on their fins only with air at 25 km/h. Neither cell experienced any excessive heat built-up and no safety hazard occurred. The results show that thermal management of this type of battery can readily be done using a simple cell design modification and requiring minimum complexity for heat disposal to the environment. The system does not impose any extraordinary constraints on electric vehicle design and it would also be feasible to duct warm air from the battery heat exchanger to provide passenger compartment heating. 17 figs., 7 tabs.

Re-evaluation of the criticality experiments of the &apos;&apos;Otto Hahn Nuclear Ship&apos;&apos; reactor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lengar, I.; Snoj, L.; Rogan, P.; Ravnik, M. [Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana (Slovenia)

2008-11-15

Several series of experiments with a FDR reactor (advanced pressurized light water reactor) were performed in 1972 in the Geesthacht critical facility ANEX. The experiments were performed to test the core prior to its usage for the propulsion of the first German nuclear merchant ship &apos;'Otto-Hahn'&apos;. In the present paper a calculational re-evaluation of the experiments is described with the use of the up-to date computer codes (Monte-Carlo code MCNP5) and nuclear data (ENDF/B-VI release 6). It is focused on the determination of uncertainties in the benchmark model of the experimental set-up, originating mainly from the limited set of information still available about the experiments. Effects of the identified uncertainties on the multiplication factor were studied. The sensitivity studies include parametric variation of material composition and geometry. The combined total uncertainty being found 0.0050 in k{sub eff}, the experiments are qualified as criticality safety benchmark experiments. (orig.)

Resonant light power buildup in ALPS, a &apos;&apos;light shining through a wall&apos;&apos;-experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meier, Tobias; Danzmann, Karsten; Willke, Benno [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Gravitationsphysik, Albert Einstein Institut (Germany); Institut fuer Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Callinstrasse 38, D-30167 Hannover (Germany); Ehret, Klaus; Ghazaryan, Samvel; Knabbe, Axel; Lindner, Axel; List, Jenny; Meyer, Niels; Notz, Dieter; Redondo, Javier; Ringwald, Andreas [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg (Germany); Frede, Maik; Hildebrandt, Matthias [Laserzentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, D-30419 Hannover (Germany); Wiedemann, Guenter [Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg (Germany)

2009-07-01

We report on the first successfull application of a new experimental technique to search for weakly interacting sub-eV particles (WISPs) coupling to photons. As part of the ALPS experiment located at DESY in Hamburg, this technique uses an optical resonator to enhance the power inside a HERA dipole magnet on the production side of a typical &apos;&apos;light shining through a wall&apos;&apos;-experiment. We use a frequency doubled continuous-wave laser emitting 0.6 W of power at 532 nm that is stabilized to a linear optical resonator with 8 m length. On resonance we achieve a circulating power of 34 W within the magnet. With this we obtained sensitivities corresponding to a coupling strength of g{approx}5.10{sup -7} GeV{sup -1} for interactions of axion-like particles and photons. The experimental setup and possible improvements are described and compared with common experimental designs with pulsed lasers.

Breeding ground: evolving the &apos;smart&apos; industry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jaremko, G.

2001-05-01

This article celebrates the successes of the Canadian independent oil contractors and the oilfield service and supply sector that keep Canada in the forefront of the world&apos;s &apos;smart&apos; nations in energy stewardship, efficiency, development, diversification and utilization. It explains how small independent contractors and service and supply enterprises play a central role on all these fronts, with supply and service companies being responsible for about 80 per cent of oil companies&apos; capital budget and 70 per cent of their operational expenditures in fields ranging from construction, and camp catering, to ambulance services, safety systems, trucking, tool making, drilling services, production testing, valve manufacturing, chemical blending and environmental protection. Special attention is paid to importance on independent contractors represented by the Small Explorers and Producers Association of Canada (SEPAC), their ability to develop or adopt new technology and to accommodate the demands of constantly changing price levels and increasingly higher expectations in terms of social responsibility, productivity and competitiveness, as well as environmental performance. As an example, the article describes the career of Robert Tessari, founder and president of Tesco Corporation, a drilling company operating in some 40 countries, who aims to automate drilling to the point where rig crews are pared to teams of two or three experts directing machinery from computer consoles. That he is well on the way of achieving his objectives is illustrated by his contributions to the development of a new generation of bits, tools and procedures known as the &apos;case drilling&apos; process which simultaneously uses the same steel tubing to make the holes into oil and gas-bearing formations and line them for production, and in so doing cut 25 to 30 per cent off the time required to drill a well and bring it to production. His company&apos;s contribution to the

Ecological crisis: The &apos;Chernobyl feeling&apos; - or how the mental effects of the ecological disaster can be detected and &apos;measured&apos;. Umweltkrise: Das &apos;Tschernobyl-Gefuehl&apos; - wie die psychischen Folgen der oekologischen Krise &apos;vermessen&apos; werden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boehm, A.; Boehnke, K.; Boldt, P.R.; Faas, A.; Gross, B.; Jaeggi, E.; Legewie, H.

1989-10-01

Given real personal embarrassment, the Chernobyl accident indeed has had an impact on the vital consciousness, and this effect has been developing in two phases, an initial phase, and a subsequent phase characterised by mental digestion. In the initial, post-accident phase, the typical &apos;Chernobyl feeling&apos; is frequently predominant. If this feeling later is weakened or diluted by a back-to-normal attitude, no bearing effects on vital consciousness or identity feeling can be observed, but a general feeling of pessimism and resignment remains. If, however, &apos;normalisation&apos; did not set in until the first interview in this study, personal identity is found to be undergoing a change. A more conscious apprehension of life can be observed, a change in life style up to political commitment, or also leading to a determined turn to short-term, private compensating activities, (last-minute panic). (orig./HP).

"A Tale of Two Planes": Deep Versus Superficial Serratus Plane Block for Postmastectomy Pain Syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Piracha, Mohammad M; Thorp, Stephen L; Puttanniah, Vinay; Gulati, Amitabh

Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a significant burden for breast cancer survivors. Although multiple therapies have been described, an evolving field of serratus anterior plane blocks has been described in this population. We describe the addition of the deep serratus anterior plane block (DSPB) for PMPS. Four patients with history of PMPS underwent DSPB for anterior chest wall pain. A retrospective review of these patients' outcomes was obtained through postprocedure interviews. Three of the patients previously had a superficial serratus anterior plane block, which was not as efficacious as the DSPB. The fourth patient had a superficial serratus anterior plane that was difficult to separate with hydrodissection but had improved pain control with a DSPB. We illustrate 4 patients who have benefitted from a DSPB and describe indications that this block may be more efficacious than a superficial serratus plane block. Further study is recommended to understand the intercostal nerve branches within the lateral and anterior muscular chest wall planes.

Cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Indications, technique and results of treatment with a blood patch; Liquorverlustsyndrom. Indikation, Technik und Ergebnisse der Behandlung mit &apos;&apos;blood patch&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gottschalk, A. [Krankenhaus Nordwest, Abteilung Neuroradiologie, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)

2015-06-15

of several months, even though patients are already free of symptoms. In total, blood patch therapy is a safe and technically relative simple method with a high success rate. Therefore, it represents the therapy of choice in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage as well as in cases of post-lumbar puncture syndrome refractory to conservative therapy. (orig.) [German] In den meisten Faellen ist ein Liquorverlustsyndrom iatrogen durch Lumbalpunktionen, Periduralanaesthesien oder operative Eingriffe an der Wirbelsaeule bedingt. Durch verbesserte diagnostische Moeglichkeiten werden jedoch auch spontane Liquorverlustsyndrome mit zunehmender Haeufigkeit diagnostiziert, deren Ursache oft nicht eindeutig zu klaeren ist. Zur radiologischen Diagnosesicherung und zur Lokalisierung des Liquorlecks stehen mit der Postmyelo-CT, der {sup 111}Indium-Radioisotopenzisternographie und der (Myelo-)MRT mehrere Verfahren mit unterschiedlichen Sensitivitaeten zur Verfuegung. Nach unserer eigenen Erfahrung ist eine primaer nativdiagnostische MRT mit fettsaturierten T2-Sequenzen in vielen Faellen bereits diagnostisch ausreichend, um das Liquorleck und seine Lokalisation zu sichern. In den uebrigen Faellen ist die Durchfuehrung einer ergaenzenden Postmyelo-CT oder alternativ einer Myelo-MRT empfehlenswert. Bei manchen Patienten mit spontanem Liquorverlustsyndrom finden sich dabei mehrere Liquorlecks auf unterschiedlichen Hoehen. Leitsymptom ist in den meisten Faellen ein lageabhaengiger orthostatischer Kopfschmerz. Waehrend das postpunktionelle Syndrom unter Bettruhe und medikamentoeser Therapie oft selbstlimitierend ist, bedarf es beim spontanen Liquorverlustsyndrom meist einer Blood-patch-Therapie. Der lumbale &apos;&apos;blood patch&apos;&apos; kann in der Regel problemlos unter Durchleuchtungskontrolle erfolgen. Bei einem &apos;&apos;blood patch&apos;&apos; an der HWS oder BWS wird aus Sicherheitsgruenden eine CT-gesteuerte Durchfuehrung empfohlen, um eine streng epidurale

&apos;'Spin-dependent'&apos; μ → e conversion on light nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, Sacha; Saporta, Albert; Kuno, Yoshitaka

2018-01-01

The experimental sensitivity to μ → e conversion will improve by four or more orders of magnitude in coming years, making it interesting to consider the &apos;'spin-dependent'&apos; (SD) contribution to the rate. This process does not benefit from the atomic-number-squared enhancement of the spin-independent (SI) contribution, but probes different operators. We give details of our recent estimate of the spin-dependent rate, expressed as a function of operator coefficients at the experimental scale. Then we explore the prospects for distinguishing coefficients or models by using different targets, both in an EFT perspective, where a geometric representation of different targets as vectors in coefficient space is introduced, and also in three leptoquark models. It is found that comparing the rate on isotopes with and without spin could allow one to detect spin-dependent coefficients that are at least a factor of few larger than the spin-independent ones. Distinguishing among the axial, tensor and pseudoscalar operators that induce the SD rate would require calculating the nuclear matrix elements for the second two. Comparing the SD rate on nuclei with an odd proton vs. odd neutron could allow one to distinguish operators involving u quarks from those involving d quarks; this is interesting because the distinction is difficult to make for SI operators. (orig.)

&apos;'Spin-dependent'&apos; μ → e conversion on light nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Davidson, Sacha; Saporta, Albert [IPNL, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne (France); Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne (France); Universite de Lyon, Lyon (France); Kuno, Yoshitaka [Osaka University, Department of Physics, Toyonaka, Osaka (Japan)

2018-02-15

The experimental sensitivity to μ → e conversion will improve by four or more orders of magnitude in coming years, making it interesting to consider the &apos;'spin-dependent'&apos; (SD) contribution to the rate. This process does not benefit from the atomic-number-squared enhancement of the spin-independent (SI) contribution, but probes different operators. We give details of our recent estimate of the spin-dependent rate, expressed as a function of operator coefficients at the experimental scale. Then we explore the prospects for distinguishing coefficients or models by using different targets, both in an EFT perspective, where a geometric representation of different targets as vectors in coefficient space is introduced, and also in three leptoquark models. It is found that comparing the rate on isotopes with and without spin could allow one to detect spin-dependent coefficients that are at least a factor of few larger than the spin-independent ones. Distinguishing among the axial, tensor and pseudoscalar operators that induce the SD rate would require calculating the nuclear matrix elements for the second two. Comparing the SD rate on nuclei with an odd proton vs. odd neutron could allow one to distinguish operators involving u quarks from those involving d quarks; this is interesting because the distinction is difficult to make for SI operators. (orig.)

Feline superficial pyoderma: a retrospective study of 52 cases (2001-2011).

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Hui W; Vogelnest, Linda J

2012-10-01

Superficial pyoderma is traditionally considered rare in cats but may be more prevalent than previously reported. To better characterize superficial pyoderma in cats. Fifty-two cats from a dermatology referral population over a 10 year period. This study was retrospective. Cases were included if neutrophils and intracellular bacteria were reported from surface cytology of skin lesions. Medical records were reviewed for signalment, historical and clinical data, cytology results, primary skin diagnoses and treatment details. Disease prevalence was 20%, with no breed or sex predispositions. The estimated median age of onset was 2 years, affecting 54% of cats by 3 years and 23% after 9 years. Fewer cases presented during winter (15%) compared with other seasons. Skin lesions were typically multifocal, affecting the face (62%), neck (37%), limbs (33%) and ventral abdomen (29%) most commonly. Crusting (83%), alopecia (67%), ulceration/erosion (54%) and erythema (46%) were common lesion types. Pruritus was reported in 92% of cats. Underlying hypersensitivities (confirmed in 60%; suspected in 19%), and atopic dermatitis specifically (confirmed in 48%), were the most frequent primary dermatoses. Cats were treated with a variety of systemic and/or topical antimicrobials. The overall apparent response was considered good in 61% and poor in 27% of cats. Recurrence was confirmed or suspected in 42% of cats. Feline superficial pyoderma was more prevalent in this study population than previously reported. Young cats with hypersensitivities and older cats were more commonly affected, and a variety of lesion types and distributions occurred. © 2012 The Authors. Veterinary Dermatology © 2012 ESVD and ACVD.

Energy-related renovation in the world heritage. Retrofitting &apos;Glas-Hoffmann&apos; buildings, Berlin; Energetische Sanierung im Weltkulturerbe. Sanierung &apos;Glas-Hoffmann&apos;-Bauten, Berlin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brensing, Christian

2012-11-01

Between 1955 and 1959, the housing estate at the Schiller park in Berlin-Wedding (Federal Republic in Germany) established in the 1920ies was expanded by four-storey house lines, the so-called Glas-Hoffmann buildings. Since 2008, this ensemble belongs to the Unesco World Heritage. In improving the thermal insulation of the building envelope and the adaptation of the building services to today&apos;s standards, therefore the architectural aesthetics of these buildings should not be endangered. The retrofitting was a pilot project of the research project &apos;&apos;Monument and energy - Postwar Modernism&apos;&apos;.

Exergonic-economic analysis of the &apos;Sotacib&apos; cement baking unit; Analyse exergeco-economique de l&apos;atelier de cuisson de la cimenterie &apos;Sotacib&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gharsalli, A.; Barkati, M. [Sotacib, Feriana (Tunisia); Hajji, N.; Gaabab, A.; Jeday, M.R. [Ecole Nationale d' ingenieurs de Gabes (Tunisia)

1999-07-01

The main purpose of this work is the development of a computing tool for the exergetic analysis of a cement baking unit belonging to the &apos;Societe Tuniso-Algerienne de Ciment Blanc (SOTACIB)&apos;. We chose to study this unit in particular because it accounts for about 30 to 60 % of the total cement production costs. The developed program, called &apos;CIMEX&apos;, its capable of computing mass and energy balances and estimating the exergetic losses and efficiencies associated with the main operations of the studied unit. The results of the exergetic analysis were used to study the economic impact of recovering some of the energetic reserves in order to improve the efficiency of the baking unit which will make the subject of another article. (authors)

Pythagoras&apos;s theorem on a two-dimensional lattice from a &apos;natural&apos; Dirac operator and Connes&apos;s distance formula

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dai Jian [Theory Group, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing (China)]. E-mail: jdai@mail.phy.pku.edu.cn; Song Xingchang [Theory Group, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing (China)]. E-mail: songxc@ibm320h.phy.pku.edu.cn

2001-07-13

One of the key ingredients of Connes&apos;s noncommutative geometry is a generalized Dirac operator which induces a metric (Connes&apos;s distance) on the pure state space. We generalize such a Dirac operator devised by Dimakis et al, whose Connes distance recovers the linear distance on an one-dimensional lattice, to the two-dimensional case. This Dirac operator has the local eigenvalue property and induces a Euclidean distance on this two-dimensional lattice, which is referred to as &apos;natural&apos;. This kind of Dirac operator can be easily generalized into any higher-dimensional lattices. (author)

Emotional words can be embodied or disembodied: the role of superficial vs. deep types of processing

OpenAIRE

Abbassi, Ensie; Blanchette, Isabelle; Ansaldo, Ana I.; Ghassemzadeh, Habib; Joanette, Yves

2015-01-01

Emotional words are processed rapidly and automatically in the left hemisphere (LH) and slowly, with the involvement of attention, in the right hemisphere (RH). This review aims to find the reason for this difference and suggests that emotional words can be processed superficially or deeply due to the involvement of the linguistic and imagery systems, respectively. During superficial processing, emotional words likely make connections only with semantically associated words in the LH. This pa...

Do similar factors control the glomerular filtration rate of superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rouffignac, C. de

1975-01-01

The SNGFR intrarenal distribution was studied under conditions where the whole kidney GFR remains unchanged and then where it is altered as compared to the normal non diuretic state. Only data obtained from experiments in which the SNGFR of both superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons were measured with the same techniques were reported. The superficial over juxtamedullary SNGFR ratio appears to be relatively stable and independent of physiological conditions. Nevertheless, in cases which indicate changes in the SNGFR intrarenal distribution, these changes remain always of limited magnitude. Thus it seems possible to conclude, that the SNGFR is controlled by factors that act, at least qualitatively, in the same manner in the whole nephron population [fr

&apos;'Affenhaar'&apos; revisited - Facies context of in situ preserved latex from the Middle Eocene of Central Germany

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wilde, Volker [Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Sektion Palaeobotanik, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main (Germany); Riegel, Walter [Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Sektion Palaeobotanik, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main (Germany); Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universitaet Goettingen, Geobiologie, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077 Goettingen (Germany)

2010-08-01

In situ preserved latex (&apos;'Affenhaar'&apos;) has long been known from some of the Middle Eocene lignites of Central Germany. Now, for the first time, the occurrence of bark with latex canals still in situ has been studied in detail in the former mining area of the Geiseltal. Affenhaar is found in both massive matrix-dominated lignites and interbedded clastics, representing sub-autochthonous and reworked material, respectively. Palynological studies of Affenhaar-bearing sections reveal a highly diverse assemblage of spores and pollen, but none of the pollen taxa is obviously correlated to the occurrence of Affenhaar. A significant herbaceous component has been recognized in the pollen record in addition to those taxa mainly derived from trees. (author)

Change of radiation conditions at the &apos;'Ukryttya&apos; object after pitching of arch construction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jegorov, V.V.; Morozov, Yu.V.; Pavlovs'kij, L.Yi.; Kholodyuk, A.O.

2017-01-01

Individual measurements of dose rate (DR) capacity values were performed on the outer surfaces (roof) of object &apos;'Ukryttya'&apos;, in local zone both before and after pitching of Arch construction (Arch) as well as study the characteristics of angular distribution of gamma radiation intensity at those areas. A comparative analysis of results obtained was performed. At all measuring points after Arch pitching a reduction of DR value, depending on area of research, was observed.Measurements were being performed during the period from 16.11.2016 till 18.01.2017

Sampling system for fast single pulses; Realisation d&apos;un dispositif d&apos;echantillonnage d&apos;un signal bref unique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zenatti, D. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-07-01

Development of a device for the enlargement of the domain of application of classical oscilloscopes to the observation of fast single pulses by application of the sampling principle. Its principal characteristics are: Bandwidth of 700 MHz; Maximum sensibility of 50 mV; Maximum amplitude of input signal of {+-} 1 V; Number of samples of 16; Samples separation of 0,2 ns. (author) [French] Realisation d&apos;un dispositif permettant d&apos;elargir le domaine d&apos;utilisation des oscilloscopes classiques en appliquant le principe de l&apos;echantillonnage a l&apos;observation d&apos;un signal bref unique. Les principales caracteristiques sont les suivantes: Bande passante de 700 MHz; Sensibilite maximale de 50 mV; Amplitude maximale du signal a echantillonner de {+-} 1 V; Nombre de points d&apos;echantillonnage de 16; Pas d&apos;echantillonnage de 0,2 ns. (auteur)

High-speed ping-pong tables. Does the &apos;World Solar Challenge&apos; feature the cars of the future? Rather not.; Rasende Tischtennisplatten. Fahren bei der &apos;&apos;World Solar Challenge&apos;&apos; die Autos der Zukunft? Eher nicht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Siemer, Jochen

2011-10-15

The 11th &apos;World Solar Challenge&apos; started in mid-October 2011. This a race of solar cars across Australia is the most spectacular of its kind, but it is hardly a test for solar cars of the future as the regulations for racing cars are far from those for everyday electric-powered solar vehicles. A normal-looking car like the &apos;Solarworld GT&apos; developed at Bochum university therefore has no real chance of winning, however proud its designers may be.

Characterization of atmospheric particulate matter in a museum in an urban area; Caratterizzazione del particolato aerosospeso all&apos;interno di un museo situato in area urbana

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berico, M.; Formignani, M. [ENEA, Divisione Protezione dell' Uomo e degli Ecosistemi, Centro Ricerche Ezio Clementel, Bologna (Italy)

2001-07-01

analisi chimiche sul contenuto di idrocarburi policiclici aromatici, e&apos; risultato che le particelle con diametro aerodinamico inferiore a 0.5 {mu}m hanno una notevole capacita&apos; di absorbire le sostanze chimiche, presenti in atmosfera esterna, e di veicolare all&apos;interno degli edifici. Nel caso dei musei questo meccanismo puo&apos; rappresentare un pericolo per le opere esposte, perche&apos; le sostanze contenute nelle particelle possono interagire chimicamente con il materiale delle superfici dove le particelle si depositano.

The &apos;&apos;Cobalt 60 Case&apos;&apos; in Taiwan. Conclusions; Das Kobalt-60 Ereignis von Taiwan. Und was ist daraus zu schliessen?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Niemann, Lutz

2017-08-15

The &apos;&apos;Cobalt 60 Case&apos;&apos; in Taiwan gives an opportunity for check of the thesis of radiation hormesis. Apartment residents have been exposed to cobalt-60 contaminated steel buildings. The results of a study strongly suggest that whole-body chronic irradiation, in the dose rate range that the apartment residents received, caused no symptomatic adverse health effects, such as radiation sickness, or the increased cancer or increased congenital disease that are predicted by ICRP theories. On the contrary, those who were exposed had lower incidences of cancer mortality and congenital malformations.

Final report of phase 2 &apos;Mini-cogeneration in the flower bulb industry&apos;; Eindrapportage Fase 2 &apos;Mini-WKK in de bloembollensector&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koolwijk, E. [Cogen Projects, Driebergen-Rijsenburg (Netherlands); Smailbegovic, N. [SenterNovem, Utrecht (Netherlands)

2009-09-15

Phase 2 of the project &apos;mini-cogeneration in the flower bulb industry&apos; is the sequel to the report &apos;mini-cogeneration in the flower bulb industry. Use of cogeneration in the cultivation and hot bed of tulip and hyacinth&apos;, Addressing the incentivisation of the use of cogeneration in the sector and working toward realizing a number of demonstration projects. To this end it is necessary that potential investors are given insight in the feasibility of cogeneration at their business and that their enthusiasm is kindled for the use of cogeneration. This was done by disseminating information in the flower bulb industry about the opportunities of cogeneration and by informing growers about technique, economy and points of interest. [Dutch] Fase 2 van het project &apos;Mini- WKK in de bloembollensector&apos; is een vervolg op het rapport &apos;Mini-wkk in de bloembollensector. Toepassing van wkk bij teelt en broei van tulp en hyacint&apos; en richt zich op het stimuleren van de toepassing van WKK in de sector en toewerken naar realisatie van een aantal demonstratieprojecten. Daartoe is het noodzakelijk dat potentiele investeerders inzicht krijgen over de haalbaarheid van WKK op hun bedrijf en geenthousiasmeerd worden voor het gebruik van WKK. Dit is gedaan door informatie in de bollensector te verspreiden over de mogelijkheden van WKK en telers te informeren over techniek, economie en aandachtspunten.

Hunger for carbon dioxide. Foundation of the &apos;Task Force Biomass&apos; for the development of new energy sources; Hunger nach Kohlendioxid. &apos;Task Force Biomasse&apos; zur Erschliessung neuer Energiequellen gegruendet

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schlaefer, Susanne; Bayer, Thomas [Infraserv GmbH und Co. Hoechst KG, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)

2009-10-15

At the industrial park Hoechst (Frankfurt / Main, Federal Republic of Germany), Infraserv GmbH and Co. Hoechst KG pursues the disposal conception &apos;&apos;Waste to Energy&apos;&apos; in order to supply electricity and steam for the approximately 90 producing companies at the location. The company now looks for possibilities in order to develop new energy sources. The keyword is &apos;&apos;innovative biomass&apos;&apos;. Among other things the possibility of power generation from algae belongs to this.

Records of the Chernobyl court. Excerpts from Karpan&apos;s book &apos;Revenge of Peaceful Atom&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirano, Shin-ichiro

2013-01-01

The trial took place in July 1987, and it was a speedy trial of three weeks until the ruling from indictment reading. The court was virtually &apos;closed.&apos; The accused were the following 6 persons: Director of Chernobyl NPP, power plant chief engineer, power plant deputy chief engineer, second reactor work center chief, Chernobyl NPP National Nuclear Energy Supervisory Board inspector, and power plant night shift chief. Court records or court documents have not officially published as of March 2013. These court records have been reconstructed from the memos of Nikolay Karpan (Chernobyl NPP nuclear safety ex-deputy chief engineer), who recorded them at a time when he appeared in the court as a witness, and when he attended the court for hearing. The impressions of the translator are as follows. (1) The first purpose of the trial was to promptly punish responsible persons, and to put an end to the accident. (2) Emphasis was not placed on the investigation of the accident cause or accident background. (3) As Mr. Karpan pointed out, this trial gave impression that it was &apos;farce&apos; according to certain &apos;scenario&apos; or &apos;fixed game&apos; that was held in order to conclude that the accident was caused by the sins of accused persons. As for the defects of the nuclear reactor as the defendants pointed out, they were dismissed as &apos;separate issues to be addressed,&apos; and eliminated from judgment contents. (4) All the accused denied the indictment contents (asserting the inadequacy of the reactor itself, deficiencies of regulations and documentations, and deficit of authority). However, they admitted the moral responsibility for being unable to prevent the accident. All the defendants received actual prison term of 2 to 10 years with correctional labor. (A.O.)

RNA-Seq Mouse Brain Regions Expression Data Analysis: Focus on ApoE Functional Network

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Babenko Vladimir N.

2017-09-01

Full Text Available ApoE expression status was proved to be a highly specific marker of energy metabolism rate in the brain. Along with its neighbor, Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 40 kDa (TOMM40 which is involved in mitochondrial metabolism, the corresponding genomic region constitutes the neuroenergetic hotspot. Using RNA-Seq data from a murine model of chronic stress a significant positive expression coordination of seven neighboring genes in ApoE locus in five brain regions was observed. ApoE maintains one of the highest absolute expression values genome-wide, implying that ApoE can be the driver of the neighboring gene expression alteration observed under stressful loads. Notably, we revealed the highly statistically significant increase of ApoE expression in the hypothalamus of chronically aggressive (FDR < 0.007 and defeated (FDR < 0.001 mice compared to the control. Correlation analysis revealed a close association of ApoE and proopiomelanocortin (Pomc gene expression profiles implying the putative neuroendocrine stress response background of ApoE expression elevation therein.

Effects of superficial gas velocity and fluid property on the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In the present study, the influence of superficial gas velocity and fluid properties on gas holdup and liquid circulation velocity in a three-phase external loop airlift column using polystyrene (0.0036 m diameter and 1025.55 kg/m3 density) and nylon-6 (0.0035 m diameter and 1084.24 kg/m3 density) particles with aqueous ...

Masaje circulatorio superficial en la enfermedad arterial periférica

OpenAIRE

Cebrià Iranzo, M. Àngels

2010-01-01

En la enfermedad arterial periférica crónica se indica el masaje circulatorio superficial por producir una vasodilatación refleja en las zonas afectadas. Este masaje manual tiene dos objetivos fundamentales: 1) Favorecer la vasodilatación refleja e hiperemia local; 2) Drenar el retorno vascular sanguíneo y linfático.

Hawai&apos;i&apos;s EVolution: Hawai&apos;i Powered. Technology Driven. (Brochure)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

2013-05-01

This Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI) brochure outlines Hawaii&apos;s energy and transportation goals and the implementation of electric vehicles (EV) and electric vehicle infrastructure since HCEI began in 2008. It includes information about Hawaii&apos;s role in leading the nation in available EV charging infrastructure per capita; challenges for continuing to implement EV technology; features on various successful EV users, including the Hawaiian Electric Company, Enterprise Rent-A-Car, and Senator Mike Gabbard; how EVs can integrate into and help propel Hawaii&apos;s evolving smart grid; and much more.

The fifth international symposium &apos;&apos;atomic cluster collisions&apos;&apos;. ISACC 2011. Book of Abstracts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2011-07-01

The Fifth International Symposium &apos;&apos;Atomic Cluster Collisions&apos;&apos; (ISACC 2011) will take place in July 21-25, 2011 in Berlin, Germany. The venue of the meeting will be the St.-Michaels-Heim a lovely place located within a garden area of Berlin-Grunewald. The ISACC 2011 is organized by the Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max- Planck Society along with the King Saud University, Rhiyadh and by the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Frankfurt am Main, Germany. ISACC started as the international symposium on atomic cluster collisions in St. Petersburg, Russia in 2003. The second ISACC was held at the GSI, Darmstadt, Germany in 2007. Both first and second symposia were satellites of the International Conferences on Photonic Electronic and Atomic Collisions (ICPEAC). The third ISACC has returned to St. Petersburg, Russia in 2008. The last ISACC took place in Ann Arbor, again as a satellite meeting of the ICPEAC. Initially the symposium was mainly focused on dynamics of atomic clusters, especially in atomic cluster collisions, but since then its scope has been widened significantly to include dynamics of nanosystems, biomolecules, and macromolecules with the emphasis on the similarity of numerous essential clustering phenomena arising in different branches of physics, chemistry, and biology. After the four ISACC meetings it has become clear that there is a need for an interdisciplinary conference covering a broad range of topics related to the Dynamics of Systems on a Nanoscale. Therefore in 2010 it was decided to expand upon this series of meetings with a new conference organized under the new title &apos;&apos;Dynamics of Systems on the Nanoscale&apos;&apos;, the DySoN Conference, since this title better reflects the interdisciplinary character of the earlier ISACC meetings embracing all the topics of interest under a common theme. The first DySoN Conference took place in Rome, Italy in 2010. The fifth ISACC symposium will be again a

Training activities at FSUE &apos;RADON&apos; and Lomonosov&apos;s Moscow state university under practical arrangements with IAEA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batyukhnova, O.G.; Karlina, O.K.; Neveykin, P.P.; Kalmykov, S.N.; Ojovan, M.I.

2013-01-01

The International Education Training Centre (IETC) at Moscow Federal State Unitary Enterprise (FSUE) &apos;Radon&apos;, in co-operation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), has developed expertise and provided training to waste management personnel for the last 15 years. Since 1997, the educational system of the enterprise with the support of the IAEA has acquired an international character: more than 470 experts from 35 countries - IAEA Member States completed the professional development. Training is conducted at various thematic courses or fellowships for individual programs and seminars on IAEA technical projects. In June 2008 a direct agreement (Practical Arrangements) has been signed between FSUE &apos;Radon&apos; and the IAEA on cooperation in the field of development of new technologies, expert&apos;s advice to IAEA Member States, and, in particular, the training of personnel in the field of radioactive waste management (RWM), which opens up new perspectives for fruitful cooperation of industry professionals. A similar agreement - Practical Arrangements - has been signed between Lomonosov&apos;s MSU and the IAEA in 2012. In October 2012 a new IAEA two-weeks training course started at Lomonosov&apos;s MSU and FSUE &apos;Radon&apos; in the framework of the Practical Agreements signed. Pre-disposal management of waste was the main topic of the courses. The paper summarizes the current experience of the FSUE &apos;Radon&apos; in the organization and implementation of the IAEA sponsored training and others events and outlines some of strategic educational elements, which IETC will continue to pursue in the coming years. (authors)

Development of complex simulation suite &apos;VEB&apos; and application area expansion - 15326

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Obraztsov, E.; Kapista, D.; Kremnev, I.; Korokhov, T.; Kukhtevich, V.; Bezlepkin, V.

2015-01-01

Complex simulation suite &apos;Virtual Unit of NPP&apos; (CSS &apos;VEB&apos;) is a set of connected software tools and computer codes that allow the simulation of various physical processes occurring in a power nuclear reactor (initially VVER - pressurized water reactor). A coupled computational model developed by means of CSS &apos;VEB&apos; is based on a specific design and called an NPP Virtual Power Unit (VPU). And in November 2012 a pilot version of the Leningrad NPP-2 VPU (NPP-2006 design with water-cooled power reactor) successfully passed acceptance tests. The paper presents further development of CSS &apos;VEB&apos; and application area expansion both on new tasks such as VPU calculations for the Probability Safety Analysis (PSA) and all modeling of other NPP types, like sodium-cooled reactor (that means a possibility to create a VPU not only for NPP with PWR). In the first part of this paper we will recall the basic idea and concept of CSS &apos;VEB&apos; and VPU. Then we will describe the main components of CSS &apos;VEB&apos; and their improvements. In the last part we will briefly describe the broadening of VPU uses

Efficacy and safety of superficial cryotherapy for alopecia areata: A retrospective, comprehensive review of 353 cases over 22 years.

Science.gov (United States)

Jun, Myungsoo; Lee, Noo Ri; Lee, Won-Soo

2017-04-01

Alopecia areata (AA) affects anagen hair follicles, resulting in non-scarring hair loss. Since introduced by Huang et al., superficial cryotherapy has been accepted as a considerable primary therapeutic modality for AA. The aim of this study was to objectively clarify the therapeutic efficacy and safety of superficial hypothermic cryotherapy for treatment of AA. Medical records of 353 patients from 1993 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the response to the superficial cryotherapy, patients were categorized into four groups: "marked", "partial", "poor" and "no recovery". The marked and partial recovery groups were considered as responders. The proportions of the responders among patient subgroups which were defined by various patients, disease, and treatment factors were compared. Of the patients, 60.9% were classified as responders after 3 months of superficial hypothermic cryotherapy. The proportion of the responders were higher when the treatment interval was 2 weeks or less and in the incipient disease stage, with statistical significance. No severe side-effects other than mild pain and pruritus were reported. In conclusion, superficial cryotherapy is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for AA. Especially when the treatment interval is 2 weeks or less and in the first occurrence of the disease, the therapeutic outcome is superior. © 2016 Japanese Dermatological Association.

J/{psi} production from Z&apos;&apos;0 decays at LEP energies; Produccion de J/{psi} en desintegraciones del Z&apos;&apos;0 a las energias de LEP I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernandez Alvarez, D.

1993-07-01

Study of J/{psi} production from the data recorded during 1991 with the L3 detector. The J/{psi} is identified by its decay J/{psi} - {mu}&apos;'+{mu}'&apos;- in the invariant mass spectrum of two muons. With our analysis results we have calculated the branching ratios Br(Z&apos;&apos;0 -J/{psi} + X) = (3.4 +- 0.7 (statistic)+- 0.2 (systematic)) x 10{sup 3} and Br(b-> J/{psi}+ X) = (1.20 +- 0.25 (statistic) +0.15 (systematic))%. (Author) 12 refs.

An alternative realization of &apos;t Hooft&apos;s quantum determinism

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sadiq, M., E-mail: sadiq@qau.edu.p [Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320 (Pakistan); Ghafoor, F. [Centre for Quantum Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad (Pakistan)

2010-11-15

We present an alternative to &apos;t Hooft&apos;s mechanism relating a deterministic system to a 1D quantum oscillator. We argue that it is possible to map &apos;t Hooft&apos;s ontological space onto an irreducible representation of a 2D isotropic oscillator. A direct group contraction procedure can then be applied to achieve the correspondence.

Targeted In Situ Gene Correction of Dysfunctional APOE Alleles to Produce Atheroprotective Plasma ApoE3 Protein

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ioannis Papaioannou

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Cardiovascular disease is the leading worldwide cause of death. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE is a 34-kDa circulating glycoprotein, secreted by the liver and macrophages with pleiotropic antiatherogenic functions and hence a candidate to treat hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis. Here, we describe atheroprotective properties of ApoE, though also potential proatherogenic actions, and the prevalence of dysfunctional isoforms, outline conventional gene transfer strategies, and then focus on gene correction therapeutics that can repair defective APOE alleles. In particular, we discuss the possibility and potential benefit of applying in combination two technical advances to repair aberrant APOE genes: (i an engineered endonuclease to introduce a double-strand break (DSB in exon 4, which contains the common, but dysfunctional, ε2 and ε4 alleles; (ii an efficient and selectable template for homologous recombination (HR repair, namely, an adeno-associated viral (AAV vector, which harbours wild-type APOE sequence. This technology is applicable ex vivo, for example to target haematopoietic or induced pluripotent stem cells, and also for in vivo hepatic gene targeting. It is to be hoped that such emerging technology will eventually translate to patient therapy to reduce CVD risk.

Fissure sealants: in vitro evaluation of abrasion wear and superficial roughness

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanessa Pardi

2008-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro wear and superficial roughness of four materials (Delton Dyract Flow, Dentsply; Filtek Flow, Vitremer, 3M ESPE used as fissure sealant in 32 extracted human molars divided in four groups (n = 8 after abrasion with toothbrush/dentifrice. Impressions of each occlusal surface were made to analyze wear and circular specimens were prepared to analyze the roughness. Teeth and specimens were mounted in a toothbrushing machine. The replicas were observed using a SEM to determine the superficial wear. Wear: there were no statistically significant differences either between Delton and Filtek Flow or between Dyract Flow and Vitremer. Roughness: there were no statistical differences between Filtek Flow and Dyract Flow, Dyract Flow and Vitremer, Vitremer and Delton., Considering the clinical practice, if caries activity is present the use of Vitremer is suggested not only for its well known fluoride release, but it presented good roughness results.

Stressors at modern workplaces. &apos;'Technical-stres'&apos;-investigations in power plants; Stressoren an modernen Arbeitsplaetzen. Untersuchungen zum &apos;Technikstress&apos; in Kraftwerken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hoppe, Annette; Binkowski, Sven [Brandenburgische Technische Univ. Cottbus (DE). Lehrgebiet Arbeitswissenschaft/Arbeitspsycholgoie (AWIP); Haake, Dietmar [Vattenfall Europe Generation AG und Co. KG, Cottbus (Germany). Elektro- und Leittechnik

2008-07-01

The status analyses of power plant control rooms from the viewpoint of ergonomics and psychology is focussing on scientific analyses of stressors at highly complicated work places in order to gain further knowledge on the issue of &apos;technology-induced stress&apos; and to a practical assessment of work places for the estimation of stresses. A guideline is to be developed supporting design of modern control rooms. (orig.)

Accreting planets as dust dams in &apos;transition&apos; disks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Owen, James E.

2014-01-01

We investigate under what circumstances an embedded planet in a protoplanetary disk may sculpt the dust distribution such that it observationally presents as a &apos;transition&apos; disk. We concern ourselves with &apos;transition&apos; disks that have large holes (≳ 10 AU) and high accretion rates (∼10 –9 -10 –8 M ☉ yr –1 ), particularly, those disks which photoevaporative models struggle to explain. Adopting the observed accretion rates in &apos;transition&apos; disks, we find that the accretion luminosity from the forming planet is significant, and can dominate over the stellar luminosity at the gap edge. This planetary accretion luminosity can apply a significant radiation pressure to small (s ≲ 1 μm) dust particles provided they are suitably decoupled from the gas. Secular evolution calculations that account for the evolution of the gas and dust components in a disk with an embedded, accreting planet, show that only with the addition of the radiation pressure can we explain the full observed characteristics of a &apos;transition&apos; disk (NIR dip in the spectral energy distribution (SED), millimeter cavity, and high accretion rate). At suitably high planet masses (≳ 3-4 M J ), radiation pressure from the accreting planet is able to hold back the small dust particles, producing a heavily dust-depleted inner disk that is optically thin to infrared radiation. The planet-disk system will present as a &apos;transition&apos; disk with a dip in the SED only when the planet mass and planetary accretion rate are high enough. At other times, it will present as a disk with a primordial SED, but with a cavity in the millimeter, as observed in a handful of protoplanetary disks.

Hadronic distributions and correlations at &apos;small x&apos; in quantum chromodynamics; Distributions et correlations hadroniques en chromodynamique quantique dans l&apos;approximation des &apos;petit X&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perez Ramos, R

2006-09-15

We exactly calculate the double and simple inclusive transverse momentum (kt) distributions and the 2-particle momentum correlations inside high energy hadronic jets at the Modified Leading Logarithmic Approximation (MLLA) of Quantum Chromodynamics. We first obtain the exact solution of the evolution equations at &apos;small x&apos;, which we calculate at the so called &apos;limiting spectrum&apos;. We then generalize this approximation by performing the steepest descent evaluation. Our predictions are in good agreement with data from Tevatron and improve those which have been obtained in the past. The comparison with forthcoming data (Tevatron, LHC) will further test the hypothesis of Local Hadron Parton Duality, and the eventual need to incorporate next-MLLA corrections. (authors)

&apos;Focal thyroid inferno&apos; on color Doppler ultrasonography: A specific feature of focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fu, Xianshui, E-mail: fuxs1968@163.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Guo, Limei, E-mail: guolimei@bjmu.edu.cn [Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Zhang, Huabin, E-mail: huabinzhang@bjmu.edu.cn [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Ran, Weiqiang, E-mail: ranwq-sina@vip.sina.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Fu, Peng, E-mail: fupeng01@gmail.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Li, Zhiqiang, E-mail: lizhq126@126.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Chen, Wen, E-mail: wendy7989@sina.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Jiang, Ling, E-mail: papayaling@yahoo.com.cn [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Wang, Jinrui, E-mail: jinrui_wang@sina.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China); Jia, Jianwen, E-mail: drjia88@sohu.com [Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuanbeilu Road, Beijing 100191 (China)

2012-11-15

Purpose: To evaluate color-Doppler features predictive of focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis. Materials and methods: A total of 521 patients with 561 thyroid nodules that underwent surgeries or gun biopsies were included in this study. These nodules were divided into three groups: focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis (104 nodules in 101 patients), benignity other than focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis (73 nodules in 70 patients), and malignancy (358 nodules in 350 patients). On color Doppler sonography, four vascularity types were determined as: hypovascularity, marked internal flow, marked peripheral flow and focal thyroid inferno. The {chi}{sup 2} test was performed to seek the potential vascularity type with the predictive ability of certain thyroid pathology. Furthermore, the gray-scale features of each nodule were also studied. Results: The vascularity type I (hypovascularity) was more often seen in focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis than other benignity and malignancy (46% vs. 20.5% and 19%). While the type II (marked internal flow) showed the opposite tendency (26.9% [focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis] vs. 45.2% [other benignity] and 52.8% [malignancy]). However, type III (marked peripheral flow) was unable to predict any thyroid pathology. Importantly, type IV (focal thyroid inferno) was exclusive to focal Hashimoto&apos;s thyroiditis. All 8 type IV nodules appeared to be solid, hypoechoic, and well-defined. Using &apos;focal thyroid inferno&apos; as an indicator of FHT, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 7.7% and 100% respectively. Conclusions: The vascularity type of &apos;focal thyroid inferno&apos; is specific for focal Hashimoto thyroiditis. Recognition of this particular feature may avoid unnecessary interventional procedures for some solid hypoechoic thyroid nodules suspicious of malignancy.

LXR agonist increases apoE secretion from HepG2 spheroid, together with an increased production of VLDL and apoE-rich large HDL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Koike Kazuhiko

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The physiological regulation of hepatic apoE gene has not been clarified, although the expression of apoE in adipocytes and macrophages has been known to be regulated by LXR. Methods and Results We investigated the effect of TO901317, a LXR agonist, on hepatic apoE production utilizing HepG2 cells cultured in spheroid form, known to be more differentiated than HepG2 cells in monolayer culture. Spheroid HepG2 cells were prepared in alginate-beads. The secretions of albumin, apoE and apoA-I from spheroid HepG2 cells were significantly increased compared to those from monolayer HepG2 cells, and these increases were accompanied by increased mRNA levels of apoE and apoA-I. Several nuclear receptors including LXRα also became abundant in nuclear fractions in spheroid HepG2 cells. Treatment with TO901317 significantly increased apoE protein secretion from spheroid HepG2 cells, which was also associated with the increased expression of apoE mRNA. Separation of the media with FPLC revealed that the production of apoE-rich large HDL particles were enhanced even at low concentration of TO901317, and at higher concentration of TO901317, production of VLDL particles increased as well. Conclusions LXR activation enhanced the expression of hepatic apoE, together with the alteration of lipoprotein particles produced from the differentiated hepatocyte-derived cells. HepG2 spheroids might serve as a good model of well-differentiated human hepatocytes for future investigations of hepatic lipid metabolism.

Risk Factors and Clinical Evaluation of Superficial Femoral Artery Stent Fracture: Prote'ge'GPS Stent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Da Un; Kim, Jae Kyu; Jung, Hye Doo; Huh, Tae Wook; Yim, Nam Yeol; Oh, Hyun jun; Choi, Soo Jin Na; Chang, Nam Kyu

2010-01-01

To evaluate the occurrence of superficial femoral artery stent fractures, the risk factors of stent fracture, and the relationship between fractures and clinical findings. Of the 38 patients who underwent treatment with Prote'ge'GPS stenting due to arterial occlusions on the superficial femoral artery, 17 also underwent a clinical analysis. Forty-three stents were inserted in the 17 superficial femoral arteries, ranging between 15 and 50 cm in length, with a mean treated length of 26.4 cm (15-50 cm). A fracture was evaluated by taking a PA and lateral simple radiography, as well as a follow-up evaluation accompanied with a CT angiography, DSA, and a color Doppler sonography. The examination involved the assessment of the difference between bone fractures due to length, placement, and frequency. Fractures occurred in 13 of 43 stents (30.2%). A total of 10 (71.4%) occurred in the upper third, compared to 4 (28.6%) in the lower third of the superficial femoral artery. In addition, 10 stents (71.4%) had a single strut fracture, whereas 4 (28.6%) had multiple strut fractures. A stent fracture occurred more frequently when the stents and lesions were longer (p=0.021, 0.012) and the stents were inserted near the joint. However, there was no significant relationship between stent numbers and the fractures (p=0.126). When the stents were inserted along the popliteal artery, a stent fracture occurred more frequently in the lower third of the artery. The stent fractures did not significantly influence the patency rate of the stented artery (p=0.44) Prote'ge'GPS stents in the superficial femoral artery revealed a considerable number of fractures and the fracture frequency showed a significant relationship with the length of stents and lesions. The closer stent insertion was to the joints, the more frequently fractures occurred. There were no evident significant relationships between the presence of stent fractures and the patency of the stented arteries

Safety requirements expected to the prototype fast breeder reactor &apos;Monju&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-11-01

In July 2013, Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) has enforced new regulatory requirements in consideration of severe accidents for the commercial light water reactors (LWR) and also prototype power generation reactors such as the sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFR) of &apos;Monju&apos; based on TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (hereinafter referred to as &apos;1F accident&apos;) occurred in March 2011. Although the regulatory requirements for SFR will be revised by NRA with consideration for public comments, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) set up &apos;Advisory Committee on Monju Safety Requirements&apos; consisting of fast breeder reactor (FBR) and safety assessment experts in order to establish original safety requirements expected to the prototype FBR &apos;Monju&apos; considering severe accidents with knowledge from JAEA as well as scientific and technical insights from the experts. This report summarizes the safety requirements expected to Monju discussed by the committee. (author)

Those who &apos;Cry Wolf&apos; about nuclear safety damage their own credibility

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shepherd, John [nuclear 24, Redditch (United Kingdom)

2016-06-15

Do you recall the fable of the boy who cried wolf? I was reminded of this following the latest call by Germany&apos;s Federal Environment Minister, Barbara Hendricks, for Belgium to take two of its nuclear reactors off the grid, citing &apos;'questions'&apos; about the units&apos; safety. Those in positions of power and influence in one country should take care to be as responsible in their dealings with their neighbours as they are in handling domestic matters of state. Those who see &apos;danger&apos; where there is none are not being good neighbours. They are generating fear and alarm without good cause and should mind their own business.

Thermographic Imaging of the Superficial Temperature in Racing Greyhounds before and after the Race

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mari Vainionpää

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A total of 47 racing greyhounds were enrolled in this study on two race days (in July and September, resp. at a racetrack. Twelve of the dogs participated in the study on both days. Thermographic images were taken before and after each race. From the images, superficial temperature points of selected sites (tendo calcaneus, musculus gastrocnemius, musculus gracilis, and musculus biceps femoris portio caudalis were taken and used to investigate the differences in superficial temperatures before and after the race. The thermographic images were compared between the right and left legs of a dog, between the raced distances, and between the two race days. The theoretical heat capacity of a racing greyhound was calculated. With regard to all distances raced, the superficial temperatures measured from the musculus gastrocnemius were significantly higher after the race than at baseline. No significant differences were found between the left and right legs of a dog after completing any of the distances. Significant difference was found between the two race days. The heat loss mechanisms of racing greyhounds during the race through forced conduction, radiation, evaporation, and panting can be considered adequate when observing the calculated heat capacity of the dogs.

Thermographic imaging of the superficial temperature in racing greyhounds before and after the race.

Science.gov (United States)

Vainionpää, Mari; Tienhaara, Esa-Pekka; Raekallio, Marja; Junnila, Jouni; Snellman, Marjatta; Vainio, Outi

2012-01-01

A total of 47 racing greyhounds were enrolled in this study on two race days (in July and September, resp.) at a racetrack. Twelve of the dogs participated in the study on both days. Thermographic images were taken before and after each race. From the images, superficial temperature points of selected sites (tendo calcaneus, musculus gastrocnemius, musculus gracilis, and musculus biceps femoris portio caudalis) were taken and used to investigate the differences in superficial temperatures before and after the race. The thermographic images were compared between the right and left legs of a dog, between the raced distances, and between the two race days. The theoretical heat capacity of a racing greyhound was calculated. With regard to all distances raced, the superficial temperatures measured from the musculus gastrocnemius were significantly higher after the race than at baseline. No significant differences were found between the left and right legs of a dog after completing any of the distances. Significant difference was found between the two race days. The heat loss mechanisms of racing greyhounds during the race through forced conduction, radiation, evaporation, and panting can be considered adequate when observing the calculated heat capacity of the dogs.

Tolerance and safety of superficial chemical peeling with salicylic acid in various facial dermatoses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iqbal Zafar

2005-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Chemical peeling is a skin-wounding procedure that may have some potentially undesirable side-effects. AIMS: The present study is directed towards safety concerns associated with superficial chemical peeling with salicylic acid in various facial dermatoses. METHODS: The study was a non-comparative and a prospective one. Two hundred and sixty-eight patients of either sex, aged between 10 to 60 years, undergoing superficial chemical peeling for various facial dermatoses (melasma, acne vulgaris, freckles, post-inflammatory scars/pigmentation, actinic keratoses, plane facial warts, etc. were included in the study. Eight weekly peeling sessions were carried out in each patient. Tolerance to the procedure and any undesirable effects noted during these sessions were recorded. RESULTS: Almost all the patients tolerated the procedure well. Mild discomfort, burning, irritation and erythema were quite common but the incidence of major side-effects was very low and these too, were easily manageable. There was no significant difference in the incidence of side-effects between facial dermatoses (melasma, acne and other pigmentary disorders. CONCLUSION: Chemical peeling with salicylic acid is a well tolerated and safe treatment modality in many superficial facial dermatoses.

First forum &apos;'BISE'&apos; for: the intelligent energy in the municipalities and the new member states, of candidate countries and western Balkans; Premier forum &apos;'BISE'&apos; pour: l&apos;energie intelligente dans les minicipalites des nouveaux etats membres, des pays candidats et des Balkans occidentaux

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-07-01

The european commission and the european association of municipalities (Energie Cites) established a permanent &apos;&apos;Intelligent Energy Forum of European Municipalities&apos;&apos; (named BISE Forum) as form of periodical information exchange between municipal associations and other potential partners in Europe. In the framework of the reduction of the sustainable energy gap between the Central and Eastern European Countries and the most advanced energy-efficient EU 15 countries, the aim of this forum is to promote the creation of national energy cities networks, to integrate the initiatives and networks at an European scale and to promote the idea of an European Emergency Plan in order to improve energy efficiency in Eastern European Countries as quickly as possible. This document presents the proceedings and a selection of cases studies linked to the first BISE Forum. (A.L.B.)

Modificación superficial de aceros y hierros fundidos mediante láser de Nd: YAG. // Steels and cast irons superficial modification by means of laser Nd: YAG.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Sagaró Z.

2001-10-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados de los autores en el tratamiento térmico superficial con técnica láser (TTSL. Con el empleo deun láser de Nd: YAG se procedió al endurecimiento superficial de los aceros AISI 1045, W1, W112 y hierros fundidos detipo laminar y nodular. Los autores prestan atención a las rutas de endurecimiento superficial atendiendo a los parámetrosoperacionales del láser: potencia incidente en la zona de interacción (P y la velocidad de barrido del haz de láser (V. Deigual forma se establecen valoraciones acerca de las estructuras metalográficas obtenidas. En todos los casos se reportanvalores de microdureza Vickers que oscilan entre los 500-900 HV (incrementos de 3-4 veces respecto al substratooriginal. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer en todos los casos experimentados que el incremento de lavelocidad de barrido provocó una disminución de la profundidad de la capa endurecida. Las experiencias del TTSL en losaceros ensayados muestran una tendencia a la disminución de la profundidad del endurecimiento con el incremento delcontenido de carbono.Palabras claves: Endurecimiento superficial, parámetros de operación de láser., microdureza, profundidadde capa endurecida, de fallo, vibraciones.____________________________________________________________________________AbstractThis paper expose the experiences of researchers on the laser surface heat treatment. The hardening of AISI 1045, W1,W112 steels and cast irons flake and nodular was carried out by using a Nd: YAG laser. Operation parameters of laser, likebeam power (P and traverse speed of the laser spot (V are closely with hardening depth . Authors present some analysesabout metallographic studies. In all cases are reported Vickers microhardness about 500-900 HV (three or four times higherthan original substrates. Relations between microhardness and depth of hardening are presented for the processedmaterials. Experimental results showed that the increased

IPSN activity report 1999; Rapport d&apos;activite de l&apos;IPSN 1999

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

The &apos;&apos;Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire&apos;&apos; (IPSN), carries out researches and expert studies needed to manage nuclear risks and their consequences on people and environment. These activities cover the installation safety, the radioactive matter transport, the public health and environmental control, the nuclear matters safety and control and the crisis situation management. The IPSN have got also a mission of public information and participates to international actions in the domain of scientific researches or expert&apos;s report. This annual report presents the highlights of the year 1999, information on staff, budgets and geographical situation. Then technical and scientific papers gathers the activities of the year covered by the IPSN: the &apos;&apos;Free Tribune&apos;&apos;, installations and radioactive wastes safety, crisis and nuclear matter management, public health and environment control, international cooperation. (A.L.B.)

Analysis of proposed eco-design requirements for boilers and water heaters. Paper within the framwork of the &apos;&apos;Material Efficiency and Resource Conservation&apos;&apos; (MaRess) Project - Task 14

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barthel, Klaus; Franke, Moritz [Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Wuppertal (Germany)

2009-12-15

In 2005, the European Union released the EuP Directive focusing on ecodesign requirements for energy-using products (2005/32/EC: EU Parliament and Council of the EU 2005). This directive, also called Ecodesign Directive, is a framework directive establishing a structure in which so-called implementing measures define specific requirements for placing products on the market and/or putting them into service within the internal European market. These requirements can be environmental performance standards (e.g. minimum energy efficiency or emission standards) and labelling or information requirements. Some existing European directives are already declared as being implementing measures of the Ecodesign Directive. Additionally, new implementing measures have been and will further be developed. Product-specific preparatory studies on behalf of the European Commission provide the basis for this. The preparatory studies for boilers (Lot 1) and water heaters (Lot 2) have been conducted from February 2006 to October 2007 by Van Holsteijn en Kemna (VHK). Based on the preparatory studies, the EU Commission has released several working documents (WD) on possible ecodesign requirements for boilers and water heaters at the beginning of 2008. Following these documents, boilers and water heaters comprise gas-fired, oil-fired and electric central heating (CH) (combi-) boilers / dedicated water heaters in combination with capturing solar thermal energy or ambient heat1. The requirements contain basically energy labelling measures, minimum efficiency performance standards and limits on NOx emissions. An &apos;&apos;Ecoboiler Model&apos;&apos; resp. an &apos;&apos;Eco Hot Water Model&apos;&apos; has been elaborated within the preparatory studies. These models are a crucial part of the requirements and allow for calculation of the efficiencies of boilers and water heaters. Since the models have a high degree of complexity, the Federal Environment Agency (UBA) has asked Wuppertal

The defence architecture of the superficial cells of the oral mucosa

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Asikainen, P.; Ruotsalainen, T.J.; Mikkonen, J.J.W.; Koistinen, A.; ten Bruggenkate, C.M.; Kullaa, A.M.

2012-01-01

The oral epithelium together with the saliva and its components forms a complex structure which is the first line of defence in the oral cavity. The surface of superficial cells of the oral epithelium contains ridge-like folds, microplicae (MPL), which are typical of the surfaces of areas covered

Results of the project &apos;combustion modelling&apos; (BKM II); Ergebnisse des Projekts &apos;Brennkammermodellierung&apos; (BKM II)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Noll, B.; Rachner, M.; Frank, P.; Schmitz, G.; Geigle, K.P.; Meier, W.; Schuetz, H.; Aigner, M. [DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Stuttgart (Germany). Inst. fuer Verbrennungstechnik; Kessler, R. [DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Goettingen (Germany). Inst. fuer Aerodynamik und Stroemungstechnik; Lehmann, B. [DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Koeln (Germany). Inst. fuer Antriebstechnik; Forkert, T. [DLR Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Koeln (Germany). Simulation und Softwaretechnik

2002-07-01

In the year 1996 the spheres of competence of several DLR-Institutes working in the areas of fluid dynamics, reaction kinetics, combustion, numerical methods and laser measuring techniques have been brought together while contributing to the internal DLR project &apos;combustion chamber modelling (BKM)&apos;, in order to proceed with the computational simulation of combustion processes in combustion chambers of gas turbines. The main issue was the development of a research code for numerical simulation of fluid flow in real combustion chambers. Here the development of computational models of physical and chemical processes was emphasized, among other processes the formation of soot was treated. Moreover, a worldwide outstanding database of measured data for the purpose of code validation has been created within the framework of the BKM project using the laboratory facilities of the DLR, which are in Germany unique for the experimental investigation of the various processes in combustion chambers of gas turbines. The project BKM is part of the specific DLR-programme &apos;energy&apos;. With the successful completion of the first phase of the project in 1998, a second project phase of three years (BKM II) has been launched at the beginning of 1999. Here the work of the first phase continued and new topics were tackled. The second phase of the project was partly founded by the DLR-programme &apos;aeronautics&apos;. (orig.) [German] Im Jahr 1996 wurden die Faehigkeiten mehrerer DLR-Institute auf den Gebieten Stroemungsmechanik, Reaktionskinetik, Verbrennung sowie Numerische Verfahren und Laser-Messverfahren in dem DLR-internen Projekt &apos;Brennkammermodellierung&apos; (BKM) zusammengefuehrt, um die rechnerische Simulation der Verbrennungsvorgaenge in Gasturbinen-Brennkammern voranzutreiben. Dabei war die Entwicklung eines Forschungscodes zur numerischen Simulation von realen Brennkammerstroemungen das vorrangige Ziel der Arbeiten. Ein besonderes Schwergewicht lag

Recent advances in high-throughput molecular marker identification for superficial and invasive bladder cancers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Lars Dyrskjøt; Zieger, Karsten; Ørntoft, Torben Falck

2007-01-01

individually contributed to the management of the disease. However, the development of high-throughput techniques for simultaneous assessment of a large number of markers has allowed classification of tumors into clinically relevant molecular subgroups beyond those possible by pathological classification. Here......Bladder cancer is the fifth most common neoplasm in industrialized countries. Due to frequent recurrences of the superficial form of this disease, bladder cancer ranks as one of the most common cancers. Despite the description of a large number of tumor markers for bladder cancers, none have......, we review the recent advances in high-throughput molecular marker identification for superficial and invasive bladder cancers....

Village Power &apos;98

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cardinal, Julie; Flowers, Larry; Siegel, Judy; Taylor, Roger; Weingart, Jerome

1999-03-24

This is the fifth Village Power workshop sponsored by NREL. We have held these meetings every year since 1993, to focus, challenge, and provide a forum for interaction among practitioners working in the field of using renewable energy technologies as an economically viable pathway to electrification of rural populations throughout the world. Starting with a small group of 30 colleagues in 1993, this &apos;'workshop'&apos; has doubled in size every year. When the NREL staff was planning for this meeting, they were hoping for something around 400 participants. We are now looking at over 500, and we apologize for the somewhat cramped accommodations. This overwhelming response, however, shows that the use of renewable energy to solve some of the world&apos;s serious problems is coming of age. This meeting, this &apos;'conference'&apos; (it&apos;s clearly no longer a workshop) marks a transition. A transition from the viewpoint that renewables are, and forever will be a technology of the future; to the reality that renewables have come of age. We have technologies available today, at today&apos;s prices, that can make a substantive contribution to the pressing needs of environmentally sustainable development in the world. This is a collection of all the papers presented at the Village Power &apos;98 conference.

Developing Preschool Teachers&apos; Knowledge of Students&apos; Number Conceptions

Science.gov (United States)

Tsamir, Pessia; Tirosh, Dina; Levenson, Esther; Tabach, Michal; Barkai, Ruthi

2014-01-01

This article describes a study that investigates preschool teachers&apos; knowledge of their young students&apos; number conceptions and the teachers&apos; related self-efficacy beliefs. It also presents and illustrates elements of a professional development program designed explicitly to promote this knowledge among preschool teachers. Results…

Subintimal angioplasty for the treatment of long segment occlusion of superficial femoral artery: the midterm results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lou Wensheng; Gu Jianping; He Xu; Chen Liang; Chen Guoping; Su Haobo; Song Jinhua; Wang Tao; Xu Ke

2011-01-01

Objective: To discuss the clinical value of subintimal angioplasty in treating long segment occlusion of superficial femoral artery and to observe its midterm results. Methods: Subintimal angioplasty was performed in 45 patients with long segment occlusion of superficial femoral artery, whose clinical presentation was intermittent claudication or critical limb ischemia. The primary patency, limb salvage and factors influencing long-term patency were observed, and the clinical data were analyzed. Results: Of the total 45 cases, the subintimal angioplasty was successfully accomplished in 43. The success rate of antegrade approach technique via the superficial femoral artery was 80% (n=36), the occlusion was recanalized by using retrograde approach technique via ipsilateral popliteal artery in 7 case. The total technical success rate was 95.6%. The primary patency in 43 successful cases at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months was 85.7%, 69.0% 57.3% and 50.9%, respectively. No statistically significant difference in primary patency existed between the group of intermittent claudication and the group of critical limb ischemia (P>0.05). Statistically significant prediction factors for primary patency included the number of the run off vessels below the knee and the length of the occlusion (P<0.05). Conclusion: Subintimal angioplasty is an effective procedure for the treatment of long segment occlusions of superficial femoral artery with satisfactory mid-term results. (authors)

&apos;Finnova Development Group&apos;. Comb Configurated Costumer-close Network Installations with Underground Service Boxes; &apos;Finnova&apos; Innovativ Montage och Systemloesning foer Fjaerrvaermeanslutning av Villaomraade. Huvudloesning &apos;Kamfoerlaeggning med Serviceskaap&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gudmundson, Tommy [AaF-Process AB, Stockholm (SE)] (and others)

2006-07-15

In this report a completely new approach to the distribution of District Heating Services is presented. The general idea of the solution, here presented under the name Comb Configurated Costumer close Network Installations with Underground Service Boxes (in the following referred to as Finnova AF), was given birth during a very early stage of the working process of the FDG. The goal for our &apos;Vaermegles&apos;- project (&apos;Vaermegles&apos; means for a residential area to have a low heat demand) is to present a technical solution that implies a substantial cost reduction for establishing DH in such low heat demand residential areas, when compared with what is recognized as to-day applied &apos;best technology&apos;. The aim point was, in the cost level of 2003/2004, VAT not included, a total investment sum of SEK 50,000 (about 7,000 USD). Using flexible piping, delivered to the site as coils of 100 m of pipes each, installed according to the Comb configuration principle, no joints installed directly in the ground are needed. The number of street crossings is strongly reduced, as compared with today&apos;s practice. The total of the joint assembly work takes place inside underground service boxes, situated at the building site boundaries. In this way the continuity of the building process is strongly improved. The stages of operation: digging, installing of pipes, backfilling and arranging of service boxes will take place in shortest possible time. As a prototype, the so called service box (e g a service and connection box, let us call it an &apos;S/C&apos; box) is square, made of concrete and will be installed with its roof 4-8 inches above ground. Inside the box, a fully equipped DH &apos;substation&apos;, designed as an easily replaceable cassette. In the prototype the closing cap is made from a galvanised steel sheet. The same box and cassette designs can be used for almost all single family houses with a heat demand not exceeding 10 kW. This gives a

Superficial Vein Thrombophlebitis in a Football Athlete.

Science.gov (United States)

Schleich, Kevin T; Smoot, M Kyle

2016-03-01

A 22-year-old professional football player presented to a preparticipation physical examination with a 2-week history of left leg discomfort extending from the groin to the knee over the previous 2 weeks. He was found to have superficial vein thrombophlebitis (SVT) of the left great saphenous vein extending from the knee to within approximately 1.6 cm of the saphenofemoral junction. There is paucity in the literature regarding the management of SVT, particularly in actively training athletes. This case addresses the considerations of anticoagulation management for SVT as well as the unique challenge of managing anticoagulation therapy in an athlete that is actively training.

[Effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on Monocyte Development in apoE Gene Knockout Mice].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Bing; Kong, Ya-xian; Ll, Yu-mei; Xue, Xin; Zhang, Jian-ping; Zeng, Hui; Hu, Jing- qing; Ma, Ya-luan

2016-01-01

To observe monocyte (Mo) development in wild type C57BL/6 mice and apoE gene knockout (apoE(-/-)) mice, and to evaluate the immuno-regulatory effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HJD) on peripheral Mo development in apoE(-/-) mice. Four, 8, 12, and 16 weeks old female C57BL/6 mice were set up as control groups of different ages, while 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks old female apoE(-/-) mice were set up as hyperlipidemia groups of different ages. Four-week old female C57BL/6 mice were recruited as a blank group. Four-week old female apoE(-/-) mice were randomly divided into the control group, the Western medicine group, and the Chinese medicine group by paired comparison, 5 in each group. Equivalent clinical dose was administered to mice according to body weight. Mice in the Western medicine group were administered with Atrovastatin at the daily dose of 10 mg/kg by gastrogavage, while those in the Chinese medicine group were administered with HJD at the daily dose of 5 g/kg by gastrogavage. Body weight was detected each week. After 4 weeks blood lipids levels (such as TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C), and the proportions of Mo and Ly6c(hi) were detected. Compared with 4-week-old homogenic mice, the proportion of Mo decreased in 16-week-old C57BL/6 mice (P < 0.05). Levels of TC and TG, and the proportion of Ly6c(hi) subtype increased, but the proportion of Mo de- creased in 8-week-old apoE(-/-) mice (P <0. 05). Levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C increased in 12-week-old apoE(-/-) mice (P < 0.05). Levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C increased in 16-week-old apoE(-/-) mice (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with 8-week-old homogenic mice, the proportion of Mo decreased in 16-week-old C57BL/6 mice (P < 0.05); levels of TC and LDL-C increased in 12-week-old apoE(-/-) mice (P < 0.05); levels of TC and HDL-C increased in 16-week-old apoE(-/-) mice (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with C57BL/6 mice of the same age, TC and TG increased, HDL-C decreased (P < 0.01) in 4-and 8-week-old apoE(-/-) mice (P

Effects of nocturnal aircraft noise on sleep: results from the &apos;&apos;quiet air traffic&apos;&apos; project; Wirkungen des Nachtfluglaerms auf den Schlaf: Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt &apos;&apos;Leiser Flugverkehr&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Samel, A.; Basner, M.; Maass, H.; Mueller, U.; Quehl, J.; Wenzel, J. [Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (HGF), Inst. fuer Luft- und Raumfahrtmedizin, Koeln (Germany)

2005-07-01

In 192 sleep-healthy subjects (18 to 65 y) effects of nocturnal aircraft noise on sleep, stress, performance and subjective factors were investigated in 2240 nights under laboratory and field conditions. In the sleep lab, 112 volunteers were subjected to aircraft noise events by varying numbers and noise levels during 9 nights within a period of 13 nights. 16 further subjects served as control group (i.e. without any noise). 64 subjects were studied in the vicinity of Cologne-Bonn airport during 9 nights. Polysomnographical and acoustical recordings, determination of excretion rates of stress hormones from night urines, performance tests and questionnaires were conducted during all days for the assessment of nocturnal aircraft noise effects. By simultaneous recording of electrophysiological and acoustical data the probability of noise induced awakenings was estimated. Performance and most of psychological parameters did not show significant dose-effect relationships, whereas annoyance did. Epinephrine and norepinephrine did not change under aircraft noise, cortisol did change only in the lab. In the lab, a comparison between all noisy nights and noise-free baseline nights exhibited a non-significant 2-min. reduction of sleep and a 4-min. decrease of slow-wave sleep. In the field, awakenings caused by aircraft noise were detected above a threshold of 33 dB(A) &apos;&apos;at the sleeper&apos;s ear&apos;&apos;. All effects were much less pronounced in the field than in the lab. For the first time, precise dose-effect curves between maximum aircraft noise event levels and electrophysiologically detectable awakenings, and a threshold were empirically established. The results of these studies broadens the knowledge on aircraft noise induced sleep disturbances and immediate consequences for the next day. (orig.)

It&apos;s the system, stupid! The architecture, the services, the currencies, the sources and &apos;why hydrogen&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Scott, D.S. [International Association for Hydrogen Energy, Victoria, British Columbia (Canada)

2009-07-01

&apos;Full text:&apos; Drawing from Smelling Land: The Hydrogen Defense Against Climate Catastrophe, the talk will introduce a novel view of energy system architecture, to use as a platform from which to better appreciate where we were yesterday, are today and, with luck, will be tomorrow. We will introduce and explain the key concept of energy &apos;currencies&apos; - whose place in the energy system is seen from the figure below: Services - Services Technologies - Currencies - Transformer Technologies - Sources. The talk will review tragicomic Canadian examples of what happens when we forget the system, to focus only on its bits and piece. Many persist today. The discussion will explain why hydrogen systems are essential if we&apos;re to have a chance to escape climate catastrophe. Almost all today&apos;s proposals for deflecting climate disruption are, at best, bandaids. Any comprehensive solution must ultimately lead to zero CO{sub 2} emissions. That will require not just non-carbon energy sources but also non-carbon energy currencies. We already have the non-carbon currency electricity. But electricity can&apos;t fly airplanes, or push ships, and is a poor currency for road or rail. For these we&apos;ll need the non-carbon currency, hydrogen. Only hydrogen can allow the energy from non-carbon sources like hydraulic, nuclear, sunlight or wind, to fly airplanes - further, faster, safer and with larger payloads without the system emitting (in principle) a drop of CO{sub 2}. The synergies apparent with liquid-hydrogen fuelled aircraft exemplify the synergies of all hydrogen-fuelled transportation vehicles. On the way to this brilliant future, &apos;tether&apos; hydrogen must play a vital role harvesting Canada&apos;s heavy oil reserves while minimizing collateral CO{sub 2} emissions. Later, &apos;neat&apos; hydrogen systems will bring the brilliant future that will be the Hydrogen Age. The 20th century bequeathed us the wonders of the Electricity Age. The 21st

It&apos;s the system, stupid! The architecture, the services, the currencies, the sources and &apos;why hydrogen&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scott, D.S.

2009-01-01

&apos;Full text:&apos; Drawing from Smelling Land: The Hydrogen Defense Against Climate Catastrophe, the talk will introduce a novel view of energy system architecture, to use as a platform from which to better appreciate where we were yesterday, are today and, with luck, will be tomorrow. We will introduce and explain the key concept of energy &apos;currencies&apos; - whose place in the energy system is seen from the figure below: Services - Services Technologies - Currencies - Transformer Technologies - Sources. The talk will review tragicomic Canadian examples of what happens when we forget the system, to focus only on its bits and piece. Many persist today. The discussion will explain why hydrogen systems are essential if we&apos;re to have a chance to escape climate catastrophe. Almost all today&apos;s proposals for deflecting climate disruption are, at best, bandaids. Any comprehensive solution must ultimately lead to zero CO 2 emissions. That will require not just non-carbon energy sources but also non-carbon energy currencies. We already have the non-carbon currency electricity. But electricity can&apos;t fly airplanes, or push ships, and is a poor currency for road or rail. For these we&apos;ll need the non-carbon currency, hydrogen. Only hydrogen can allow the energy from non-carbon sources like hydraulic, nuclear, sunlight or wind, to fly airplanes - further, faster, safer and with larger payloads without the system emitting (in principle) a drop of CO 2 . The synergies apparent with liquid-hydrogen fuelled aircraft exemplify the synergies of all hydrogen-fuelled transportation vehicles. On the way to this brilliant future, &apos;tether&apos; hydrogen must play a vital role harvesting Canada&apos;s heavy oil reserves while minimizing collateral CO 2 emissions. Later, &apos;neat&apos; hydrogen systems will bring the brilliant future that will be the Hydrogen Age. The 20th century bequeathed us the wonders of the Electricity Age. The 21st century is filled

Using the automized system &apos;'section'&apos; to forecast velocity sections using data on borehole velocity measurement and seismic field prospecting

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dorman, M.I.; Gein, F.F.; Zubairov, F.B.

1981-01-01

A system of automated processing of seismic data is examined which makes it possible to set up rate functions at arbitrary points of a seismic prospecting section or at points conciding with boreholes in which rate measurements have not been completed. The basis for the forecasting method is data on seismic well logging investigations, seismic prospecting and some indirect observations on sections. The bases of a procedure realizing a forecasting method are set forth, as are those requirements which satisfy the system as a whole. The results of using the &apos;'section'&apos; system in a terrestrial section of Western Siberia are set forth.

Energy efficiency ground-source energy system, Environmental Protection Law, article &apos;Heat and cold storage, value for money&apos;; Energierendement bodemenergiesysteem, Wet milieubeheer, artikel &apos;WKO, waar voor je geld&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lambregts, E.G.M.; Teunissen, P.O.M.; Beukenhorst, E.

2013-01-15

Upscaling of ground-source energy systems can contribute to heat and cold storage systems and thus reduce CO2 emission for the Amsterdam municipality. Based on the results of the project &apos;Heat and cold storage; Value for money&apos; a proposal was made to the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment to include a regulation &apos;energy efficiency heat and cold storage&apos; in the Environmental Protection Law [Dutch] In het kader van de CO2 doelstelling van Amsterdam om 40% CO2 te reduceren in 2025 t.o.v. van 1990 wordt de verdere opschaling van de techniek bodemenergiesysteem gezien als een techniek die in belangrijke mate kan bijdragen aan de pijler &apos;transitie duurzame warmte en koude&apos;. Op landelijk en gemeentelijk niveau werd gesignaleerd dat (open) bodemenergiesystemen in de exploitatiefase veelal onvoldoende functioneerden. In dit rapport wordt op basis van de resultaten van het project &apos;WKO, waar voor je geld&apos; een voorstel aan het Ministerie van I en M gedaan om een voorschrift &apos;energierendement wko&apos; op te nemen in het Activiteitenbesluit Wet milieubeheer.

Bookshelf (John R. Huizenga, &apos;Cold Fusion: the Scientific Fiasco of the Century&apos;)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morrison, Douglas R.O.

1994-01-01

&apos;&apos;Cold fusion is dead, isn&apos;t it?&apos;&apos; is a question I am often asked. The reply is a strange one, &apos;&apos;Yes, scientifically it is dead, but not from a media point of view or from funding&apos;&apos; In 1989 two electrochemists, Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons, claimed sustained nuclear fusion had been achieved in a test-tube with a palladium cathode and deuterium, observing excess heat, neutrons and tritium. A series of encouraging confirmations and successively greater excess heat claims were seized on by the world&apos;s media. The US Government set up a panel of some 20 world-class scientists from several disciplines under John Huizenga, distinguished professor of Chemistry and Physics at the University of Rochester. They concluded that there was no present evidence for the discovery of a new nuclear process termed cold fusion. It might be thought that would end cold fusion, but for interesting reasons, it did not entirely. John Huizenga has written a book describing the curious claims and evidence for cold fusion and has given an excellent explanation of the science involved. This was published as a hardback book of 236 pages, telling the story up to the end of June 1990. Again one might think it was the end of the cold fusion story. Now he has written about what happened in the next two years in a paperback book which contains an epilogue of 51 pages. If you thought the first year was extraordinary, the next two years described in the new edition were even more incredible! In the main part of the book, the basic science is simply and clearly explained. The number of &apos;'miracles'&apos; required for each results or theory is described - a &apos;'miracle'&apos; is a gross violation of previous knowledge and experimental results such as energy conservation. Thus some theories are classified as &apos;&apos;triple miracles&apos;&apos;. It might be thought that people who claimed to have observed cold fusion

Werner Heisenberg. The language of the atoms. Life and work - a scientific biography - the &apos;&apos;joyous science&apos;&apos; (youth until Nobel price); Werner Heisenberg. Die Sprache der Atome. Leben und Wirken - Eine wissenschaftliche Biographie - Die &apos;&apos;froehliche Wissenschaft&apos;&apos; (Jugend bis Nobelpreis)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rechenberg, Helmut [MPI fuer Physik, Muenchen (Germany). Werner-Heisenberg-Institut

2010-07-01

With his discovery that measuring values of complementary fundamental quantities in the microscopic world cannot by arbitrarily precisely determined cutted Werner Heisenberg the Gordian knot for the finishing of quantum theory developed by Planck, Einstein, and others and opened by this a new &apos;&apos;golden era&apos;&apos; in the physics of the 20th century. On the base of the documents from his life and work, i. e. deeds, letters and reports of contemporaries, as well as the published and unpublished essays, books, and articles of Heisenberg - also the later on found, publications or manuscripts mainly coming from the inheritance - resulted this systematic biography of Heisenberg. The author, the last doctoral candidate of Heisenberg relied furthermore on factual and personal knowledges, mainly own remembrances on his doctoral father and his teachers, colleagues, and students. Because of the interest of an authentical biography of the theoretical physicist Heisenberg the presentation of the mathematical approaches and the corresponding derivations could not completely be abandoned. This biography appeals by this both to a scientifically cultivated as a wider in science interested audience and covers the first phase of Heisenberg&apos;s life until his Nobel price 1933. [German] Mit seiner Entdeckung, dass sich Messwerte komplementaerer Groessen in der mikroskopischen Welt nicht beliebig genau bestimmen lassen, durchschnitt Werner Heisenberg den Gordischen Knoten zur Vollendung der von Planck, Einstein und anderen entwickelten Quantentheorie und eroeffnete damit ein neues &apos;&apos;goldenes Zeitalter&apos;&apos; in der Physik des 20. Jahrhunderts. Auf der Grundlage der Dokumente aus seinem Leben und Wirken, d.h. der Urkunden, Briefe und Berichte von Zeitzeugen sowie der publizierten und unpublizierten Abhandlungen, Buecher und Artikel Heisenbergs - auch der spaeter aufgefundenen, ueberwiegend aus dem Nachlass Heisenbergs stammenden Veroeffentlichungen oder

Deep groundwater flow systems and their characterization in single-well settings by &apos;'push-pull'&apos; tracer tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hebig-Schubert, Klaus

2014-01-01

This thesis demonstrates the growing importance of deep groundwater research and the increasing demand for the development of suitable single-well test methods. At the forefront of the research on groundwater in the deep underground, radioactive waste disposal in deep geological repositories, CO 2 storage, geothermal energy supply, and aquifer storage and recovery systems (ASR) are on the agenda. The developments of suitable methods for investigating these resources are a main target. Currently available methods show considerable limitations. Accordingly, comprehensive methods for the hydraulic and hydrochemical characterization of deeper aquifers with single-well access are needed. Therefore, the goal of this PhD thesis was to identify, test, and enhance potentially suitable single-well methods for characterization of groundwater flow and solute transport in such settings. For this, several Single-Well Injection-Withdrawal (&apos;'push-pull'&apos;) tracer tests were applied at the Hamasato field site (Horonobe, Japan) in a ∝100 m deep groundwater monitoring well. Aim was to characterize the impact of a dynamic saltwater-freshwater interface on a coastal aquifer. Based on the experiences of the first methodological test, a second field campaign was conducted. This campaign focused on a systematic evaluation of the push-pull tracer test method for the first time at all. The experiments focused on the investigation of the so-called &apos;'chaser'&apos; and its impact on the test results. The chaser is a specific part of many push-pull tracer tests setups. From these experiments, a specific test design for the investigation of the saltwater-freshwater interface in a single-well setting was developed. The application of this design on questions regarding different fluids within the same system, e.g. different mineralized fluids (saltwater-freshwater-interface, ASR) or temperatures (geothermal research), are promising future approaches for this

Deep groundwater flow systems and their characterization in single-well settings by &apos;'push-pull'&apos; tracer tests

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hebig-Schubert, Klaus

2014-11-21

This thesis demonstrates the growing importance of deep groundwater research and the increasing demand for the development of suitable single-well test methods. At the forefront of the research on groundwater in the deep underground, radioactive waste disposal in deep geological repositories, CO{sub 2} storage, geothermal energy supply, and aquifer storage and recovery systems (ASR) are on the agenda. The developments of suitable methods for investigating these resources are a main target. Currently available methods show considerable limitations. Accordingly, comprehensive methods for the hydraulic and hydrochemical characterization of deeper aquifers with single-well access are needed. Therefore, the goal of this PhD thesis was to identify, test, and enhance potentially suitable single-well methods for characterization of groundwater flow and solute transport in such settings. For this, several Single-Well Injection-Withdrawal (&apos;'push-pull'&apos;) tracer tests were applied at the Hamasato field site (Horonobe, Japan) in a ∝100 m deep groundwater monitoring well. Aim was to characterize the impact of a dynamic saltwater-freshwater interface on a coastal aquifer. Based on the experiences of the first methodological test, a second field campaign was conducted. This campaign focused on a systematic evaluation of the push-pull tracer test method for the first time at all. The experiments focused on the investigation of the so-called &apos;'chaser'&apos; and its impact on the test results. The chaser is a specific part of many push-pull tracer tests setups. From these experiments, a specific test design for the investigation of the saltwater-freshwater interface in a single-well setting was developed. The application of this design on questions regarding different fluids within the same system, e.g. different mineralized fluids (saltwater-freshwater-interface, ASR) or temperatures (geothermal research), are promising future approaches for

El agrietamiento superficial de las pastas puras de cemento: una interpretación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Calleja, J.

1964-12-01

Full Text Available Not availableSe aborda por métodos analíticos y técnicas de difracción de rayos X el problema de determinar las posibles causas del agrietamiento superficial de galletas de pasta pura de cemento. Se encuentran diferencias de composición y constitución entre la zona superficial agrietada de las galletas y el resto de la masa, hallándose concordancia entre determinados constituyentes químicos calculados a base del análisis químico y los resultados de difracción de rayos X. Se interpretan estas diferencias como atribuibles a una exudación de lechada de la pasta, con extracción de álcalis solubles y yeso. Como consecuencia, la exudación provoca una carbonatación, una mayor retracción y posiblemente un fraguado acelerado en la zona superficial en relación con la masa interior de las galletas. Como causa directa de la ·exudación se acepta la hipótesis de una granulometría anormal del cemento, probablemente debida a un exceso de finos o gruesos por una molienda grosera, y producida por una deficiencia de tipo mecánico en el proceso de molturación del clínker.

ESTUDO DO ESCOAMENTO SUPERFICIAL NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO IVAÍ, PARANÁ, BRASIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manoel Luiz dos Santos

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Mediante a  aplicação da equação proposta por Kirby (1976,  aliada a levantamento das variáveis físicas  da bacia do Ivaí, este trabalho se propõe a analisar o comportamento do escoamento superficial nessa importante bacia hidrográfica do estado do Paraná. Para tanto, foram levantadas as variáveis precipitação média anual, precipitação média por evento, capacidade de campo dos solos e evapotranspiração. Essas variáveis foram  espacializadas e analisadas com o suporte das características geológicas, geomorfológicas, pedológicas e climáticas da bacia hidrográfica. O resultado da análise foi integrado, em ambiente digital, em um Sistema de informação Geográfica, fornecendo uma carta síntese das taxas de escoamento superficial da bacia. O resultado mostra que no curso inferior da bacia hidrográfica, região do Arenito Caiuá (Kr, ocorrem as maiores taxas de escoamento superficial da bacia. Tal fato é atestado pela agressiva erosão que sofrem os solos desenvolvidos sobre estas litologias na região Noroeste do estado do Paraná.

Superficial temporal artery flap for reconstruction of complex facial defects: A new algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tarek M. Elbanoby

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Background A variety of island flaps can be based on the superficial temporal artery with variable tissue composition. They can be used for defect reconstruction, cavity resurfacing, facial hair restoration, or contracture release. Methods Seventy-two patients underwent facial reconstruction using a superficial temporal artery island flap from October 2010 to October 2014. The defects had various etiologies, including trauma, burns, tumors, exposed hardware, and congenital causes. We classified the patients by indication into 5 groups: cavity resurfacing, contracture release, facial hair restoration, skin coverage, and combined. The demographic data of the patients, defect characteristics, operative procedures, postoperative results, and complications were retrospectively documented. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 54 months. Results A total of 24 females and 48 males were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 33.7±15.6 years. The flaps were used for contracture release in 13 cases, cavity resurfacing in 10 cases, skin coverage in 17 cases, facial hair restoration in 19 cases, and combined defects in 13 cases. No major complications were reported. Conclusion: Based on our experiences with the use of superficial temporal artery island flaps, we have developed a detailed approach for the optimal management of patients with composite facial defects. The aim of this article is to provide the reader with a systematic algorithm to use for such patients.

SAP deficiency mitigated atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE(-/-) mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Lingyun; Wu, Teng; Zeng, Cuiling; Li, Xiangli; Li, Xiaoqiang; Wen, Dingwen; Ji, Tianxing; Lan, Tian; Xing, Liying; Li, Jiangchao; He, Xiaodong; Wang, Lijing

2016-01-01

Serum amyloid P conpoent (SAP), a member of the pentraxin family, interact with pathogens and cell debris to promote their removal by macrophages and neutrophils and is co-localized with atherosclerotic plaques in patients. However, the exact mechanism of SAP in atherogenesis is still unclear. We investigated whether SAP influence macrophage recruitment and foam cell formation and ultimately affect atherosclerotic progression. we generated apoE(-/-); SAP(-/-) (DKO) mice and fed them western diet for 4 and 8 weeks to characterize atherosclerosis development. SAP deficiency effectively reduced plaque size both in the aorta (p = 0.0006 for 4 wks; p = 0.0001 for 8 wks) and the aortic root (p = 0.0061 for 4 wks; p = 0.0079 for 8wks) compared with apoE(-/-) mice. Meanwhile, SAP deficiency inhibited oxLDL-induced foam cell formation (p = 0.0004) compared with apoE(-/-) mice and SAP treatment increases oxLDL-induced foam cell formation (p = 0.002) in RAW cells. Besides, SAP deficiency reduced macrophages recruitment (p = 0.035) in vivo and in vitro (p = 0.026). Furthermore, SAP treatment enhanced CD36 (p = 0.007) and FcγRI (p = 0.031) expression induced by oxLDL through upregulating JNK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation whereas specific JNK1/2 inhibitor reduced CD36 (p = 0.0005) and FcγRI (P = 0.0007) expression in RAW cell. SAP deficiency also significantly decreased the expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers and inflammatory cytokines in oxLDL-induced macrophages. SAP deficiency mitigated foam cell formation and atherosclerotic development in apoE(-/-) mice, due to reduction in macrophages recruitment, polarization and pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibition the CD36/FcγR-dependent signaling pathway. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Detection of abnormalities in the superficial zone of cartilage repaired using a tissue engineered construct derived from synovial stem cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

W Ando

2012-09-01

Full Text Available The present study investigated the surface structure and mechanical properties of repair cartilage generated from a tissue engineered construct (TEC derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells at six months post-implantation compared to those of uninjured cartilage. TEC-mediated repair tissue was cartilaginous with Safranin O staining, and had comparable macro-scale compressive properties with uninjured cartilage. However, morphological assessments revealed that the superficial zone of TEC-mediated tissue was more fibrocartilage-like, in contrast to the middle or deep zones that were more hyaline cartilage-like with Safranin O staining. Histological scoring of the TEC-mediated tissue was significantly lower in the superficial zone than in the middle and deep zones. Scanning electron microscopy showed a thick tangential bundle of collagen fibres at the most superficial layer of uninjured cartilage, while no corresponding structure was detected at the surface of TEC-mediated tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PRG4 was localised in the superficial area of uninjured cartilage, as well as the TEC-mediated tissue. Friction testing showed that the lubrication properties of the two tissues was similar, however, micro-indentation analysis revealed that the surface stiffness of the TEC-repair tissue was significantly lower than that of uninjured cartilage. Permeability testing indicated that the TEC-mediated tissue exhibited lower water retaining capacity than did uninjured cartilage, specifically at the superficial zone. Thus, TEC-mediated tissue exhibited compromised mechanical properties at the superficial zone, properties which need improvement in the future for maintenance of long term repair cartilage integrity.

Detection of abnormalities in the superficial zone of cartilage repaired using a tissue engineered construct derived from synovial stem cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Ando, Wataru; Fujie, Hiromichi; Moriguchi, Yu; Nansai, Ryosuke; Shimomura, Kazunori; Hart, David A; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Nakamura, Norimasa

2012-09-28

The present study investigated the surface structure and mechanical properties of repair cartilage generated from a tissue engineered construct (TEC) derived from synovial mesenchymal stem cells at six months post-implantation compared to those of uninjured cartilage. TEC-mediated repair tissue was cartilaginous with Safranin O staining, and had comparable macro-scale compressive properties with uninjured cartilage. However, morphological assessments revealed that the superficial zone of TEC-mediated tissue was more fibrocartilage-like, in contrast to the middle or deep zones that were more hyaline cartilage-like with Safranin O staining. Histological scoring of the TEC-mediated tissue was significantly lower in the superficial zone than in the middle and deep zones. Scanning electron microscopy showed a thick tangential bundle of collagen fibres at the most superficial layer of uninjured cartilage, while no corresponding structure was detected at the surface of TEC-mediated tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PRG4 was localised in the superficial area of uninjured cartilage, as well as the TEC-mediated tissue. Friction testing showed that the lubrication properties of the two tissues was similar, however, micro-indentation analysis revealed that the surface stiffness of the TEC-repair tissue was significantly lower than that of uninjured cartilage. Permeability testing indicated that the TEC-mediated tissue exhibited lower water retaining capacity than did uninjured cartilage, specifically at the superficial zone. Thus, TEC-mediated tissue exhibited compromised mechanical properties at the superficial zone, properties which need improvement in the future for maintenance of long term repair cartilage integrity.

&apos;Carbon-Money Exchange&apos; to contain global warming and deforestation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagase, Kozo E-mail: nagase@de.mbn.or.jp

2005-07-01

This paper builds a basic theory of &apos;Carbon-Money Exchange&apos; in which carbon as currency in nature&apos;s household (ecosystems) and money as currency in humankind&apos;s household (economy) are exchanged just like in a foreign exchange. The simple chemical equation below makes it possible (CO{sub 2}{yields}C+O{sub 2}=C+O{sub 2}{yields}CO{sub 2}). The left-hand side represents the work of plants to remove atmospheric CO{sub 2}. The right-hand side represents the work of humans as fossil fuel consumers to produce it. The exchange of the two currencies is possible by copying the fossil fuel market. The paper concludes that this new exchange can automatically contain global warming and deforestation, replacing onerous emissions trading. Moreover, it could revolutionize the conventional economy, creating counter-capitalism, or &apos;carbonism&apos;.

&apos;Smart Home&apos; and energy efficiency; Smarthome und Energieeffizienz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grieder, T.; Huser, A.

2005-07-01

This comprehensive final report for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) presents the results of a project that examined the power consumption of a &apos;smart home&apos; - a single-family dwelling in Chur, Switzerland. The house&apos;s power consumption is compared with that of a similar dwelling in 1992. The report describes the preparatory work for the project and analyses the power requirements of the various electrical consumers in the house. Comparisons are made with the electricity consumption of an average Swiss house. Possibilities of increasing efficiency are looked at. Consumption is extrapolated to national level on the basis of previous studies. A comprehensive appendix with details on the house&apos;s usage, its inhabitants&apos; needs, its multimedia concept and its technical equipment completes the report.

Imaging in smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma. Past, present and future; Bildgebung bei &apos;'smoldering'&apos; (asymptomatischem) multiplem Myelom. Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bhutani, M.; Landgren, O. [Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Multiple Myeloma Section, Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Bethesda, MD (United States)

2014-06-15

imaging techniques need to be validated in prospective clinical trials assessing the SMM to multiple myeloma transition, with the aim of enabling appropriate management decisions. Efforts are also needed to improve the costs and availability of whole-body MRI and/or FDG PET/CT, in order to facilitate their widespread adoption as first-line detection modalities. Future clinical trials of therapeutic agents using earlier detection strategies will have to be carefully designed and take into consideration the risk of lead-time and length-time biases, which might falsely demonstrate longer overall survival. The English full text version of this article is available at SpringerLink (under &apos;'Supplemental'&apos;). (orig.) [German] Aktuelle klinische Studien sprechen fuer eine Therapie des &apos;&apos;smoldering multiple myeloma&apos;&apos; (SMM) mit hohem Progressionsrisiko schon bei der Diagnosestellung und nicht erst zum Zeitpunkt der Progression in ein symptomatisches multiples Myelom (MM). Die Frueherkennung einer Knochen- und/oder Knochenmarkbeteiligung durch entsprechende sensitive Bildgebungsverfahren kann zur Ermittlung von SMM-Patienten mit hohem Risiko fuer eine Progression beitragen. Nach aktuellen Konsensusleitlinien (2011) ist die Roentgenuntersuchung des Skeletts ein Grundpfeiler der Beurteilung einer Knochenbeteiligung bei Diagnosestellung und in Verlaufskontrollen wegen eines SMM. Jedoch hat die Roentgenuntersuchung des Skeletts eine geringe Sensitivitaet fuer Knochenlaesionen und liefert keine Informationen zu Knochenmarkveraenderungen. Moderne bildgebende Verfahren wie die Fluordeoxyglukose-Positronenemissionstomographie-Computertomographie (FDG-PET-CT) und die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) liefern zusammen mit innovativen Funktionsuntersuchungen eine bessere Einschaetzung allgemeiner Veraenderungen im Knochenmark- und im Knochenkompartiment. Mit diesen Verfahren kann die beginnende Progression vom SMM zum MM quantitativ objektiviert werden

The quantum realm of the &apos;&apos;Little Sibling&apos;&apos; of the Big Rip singularity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Albarran, Imanol; Bouhmadi-López, Mariam; Cabral, Francisco; Martín-Moruno, Prado

2015-01-01

We analyse the quantum behaviour of the &apos;&apos;Little Sibling&apos;&apos; of the Big Rip singularity (LSBR) [1]. The quantisation is carried within the geometrodynamical approach given by the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation. The classical model is based on a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker Universe filled by a perfect fluid that can be mapped to a scalar field with phantom character. We analyse the WDW equation in two setups. In the first step, we consider the scale factor as the single degree of freedom, which from a classical perspective parametrises both the geometry and the matter content given by the perfect fluid. We then solve the WDW equation within a WKB approximation, for two factor ordering choices. On the second approach, we consider the WDW equation with two degrees of freedom: the scale factor and a scalar field. We solve the WDW equation, with the Laplace-Beltrami factor-ordering, using a Born-Oppenheimer approximation. In both approaches, we impose the DeWitt (DW) condition as a potential criterion for singularity avoidance. We conclude that in all the cases analysed the DW condition can be verified, which might be an indication that the LSBR can be avoided or smoothed in the quantum approach

Secondary superficial siderosis of the central nervous system in a patient presenting with sensorineural hearing loss

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lemmerling, M.; De Praeter, G.; Mollet, P.; Mortele, K.; Kunnen, M.; Mastenbroek, G.

1998-01-01

We present a 50-year-old man who was investigated for sensorineural hearing loss. On MRI of the brain superficial siderosis of the central nervous system was seen, while MRI of the spine revealed an ependymoma of the cauda equina. This case illustrates the importance of performing T2-weighted imaging of the brain and posterior fossa when sensorineural hearing loss is present. Spine imaging is mandatory when superficial siderosis of the brain is diagnosed without identification of a bleeding source in the brain. (orig.)

Environmental performance data in &apos;Japan Atomic Energy Agency Report 2016&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, Yurina; Kanai, Katsuta; Sato, Sadayuki; Tatebe, Kazuaki

2017-03-01

In September, 2016 Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) published results of environmental activity as a part of &apos;Japan Atomic Energy Agency Report 2016&apos; concerning the activities of FY 2015 under &apos;Law Concerning the Promotion of Business Activities with Environmental Consideration by Specified Corporations, etc., by Facilitating Access to Environmental Information, and Other Measures&apos;. This report has been edited to show detailed environmental performance data in FY 2015 as the base of the &apos;Japan Atomic Energy Agency Report 2016&apos;. This report would not only ensure traceability of the data in order to enhance the reliability of the environmental report, but also make useful measures for promoting activities of environmental considerations in JAEA. (author)

The &apos;mini&apos; and &apos;micro&apos; energy sources and their limitations; Les &apos;'minis'&apos; et &apos;'micros'&apos; sources d&apos;energie et leurs limites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2004-03-01

The &apos;Science and defense 2003&apos; colloquium took place in Paris on December 2 and 3. It was organized by the general delegation of armament (DGA), the French atomic energy commission (CEA) with the participation of the national center of scientific research (CNRS) and the French ministry of research and new technologies. The main topic was the needs and the solutions implemented in the domain of energy sources both for civil and military portable applications. This article make a general summary of the content of this colloquium only in the domain of small power energy sources: emergence of new miniaturized portable devices (phones, computers, cameras, autonomous medical systems, wireless communication systems, soldiers equipments, drones etc..), improvement of batteries energy density and price, new needs linked with new functionalities, technological challenges (energy generation and recovery systems, miniaturized fuel-cells, use of recoverable energy sources, implantation of power sources in the human body etc..), new technological files (new electrode materials, micron- or sub-micron scale mechanical and electronic components, sensors, micro-motors, transfer of microelectronics technologies, hybrid systems..), international competition. (J.S.)

H3+: superficies de energía potencial, estados y transiciones rovibracionales

Science.gov (United States)

Aguado, M. Paniagua Y. A.

Hemos calculado varias superficies globales de energía potencial para el estado fundamental y excitados del sistema H3+ en más de ocho mil geometrías diferentes usando una base (9s 3p 1d)/[4s 3p 1d] en cada átomo de Hidrógeno y mediante un método de cálculo de interacción de configuraciones completa (FCI). Hemos ajustado las superficies a formas analíticas del tipo Aguado y Paniagua con un error promedio menor de 50 cm-1 y menor en el pozo de potencial del estado fundamental. Finalmente hemos calculado y analizado los niveles vibracionales para los dos estados electrónicos más bajos, siendo la desviación respecto de los mejores valores publicados, tanto experimentales como teóricos, de unos pocos números de onda.

Minimum joint space width (mJSW) of patellofemoral joint on standing &apos;'skyline'&apos; radiographs: test-retest reproducibility and comparison with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simoni, Paolo; Jamali, Sanaa; Alvarez Miezentseva, Victoria [CHU de Liege, Diagnostic Imaging Departement, Domanine du Sart Tilman, Liege (Belgium); Albert, Adelin [CHU de Liege, Biostatistics Departement, Domanine du Sart Tilman, Liege (Belgium); Totterman, Saara; Schreyer, Edward; Tamez-Pena, Jose G. [Qmetrics Technologies, Rochester, NY (United States); Zobel, Bruno Beomonte [Campus Bio-Medico University, Diagnostic Imaging Departement, Rome (Italy); Gillet, Philippe [CHU de Liege, Orthopaedic surgery Department, Domanine du Sart Tilman, Liege (Belgium)

2013-11-15

To assess the intraobserver, interobserver, and test-retest reproducibility of minimum joint space width (mJSW) measurement of medial and lateral patellofemoral joints on standing &apos;'skyline'&apos; radiographs and to compare the mJSW of the patellofemoral joint to the mean cartilage thickness calculated by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI). A couple of standing &apos;'skyline'&apos; radiographs of the patellofemoral joints and MRI of 55 knees of 28 volunteers (18 females, ten males, mean age, 48.5 {+-} 16.2 years) were obtained on the same day. The mJSW of the patellofemoral joint was manually measured and Kellgren and Lawrence grade (KLG) was independently assessed by two observers. The mJSW was compared to the mean cartilage thickness of patellofemoral joint calculated by qMRI. mJSW of the medial and lateral patellofemoral joint showed an excellent intraobserver agreement (interclass correlation (ICC) = 0.94 and 0.96), interobserver agreement (ICC = 0.90 and 0.95) and test-retest agreement (ICC = 0.92 and 0.96). The mJSW measured on radiographs was correlated to mean cartilage thickness calculated by qMRI (r = 0.71, p < 0.0001 for the medial PFJ and r = 0.81, p < 0.0001 for the lateral PFJ). However, there was a lack of concordance between radiographs and qMRI for extreme values of joint width and KLG. Radiographs yielded higher joint space measures than qMRI in knees with a normal joint space, while qMRI yielded higher joint space measures than radiographs in knees with joint space narrowing and higher KLG. Standing &apos;'skyline'&apos; radiographs are a reproducible tool for measuring the mJSW of the patellofemoral joint. The mJSW of the patellofemoral joint on radiographs are correlated with, but not concordant with, qMRI measurements. (orig.)

Analysis of the tumor-promoting potency of 2,4,4&apos;-trichlorobiphenyl and 2,2&apos;,4,5,5&apos;-pentachlorobiphenyl in rat liver

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kunz, S.; Schmitz, H.J.; Schrenk, D. [Kaiserslautern Univ. (Germany). Dept. of Food Chemistry and Environmental Toxicology; Buchmann, A.; Schwarz, M. [Tuebingen Univ. (Germany). Inst. of Toxicology; Schilling, B.; Paepke, O. [ERGO Research, Hamburg (Germany); Robertson, L.W.; Lehmler, H.J. [Iowa Univ, Iowa City, IA (United States). Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Health

2004-09-15

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are potent persistent environmental pollutants exhibiting neurotoxic, teratogenic and tumor-promoting effects in experimental animal models. PCB congeners can be divided into &apos;dioxin-like&apos; and &apos;non-dioxin-like&apos; congeners on the basis of their ability to act as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists. Like the most toxic dioxin congener 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) &apos;dioxin-like&apos; PCBs bind to the AhR and show characteristic effects on the expression of AhR-regulated genes including the induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1. On the other hand, &apos;non-dioxin-like&apos; PCB congeners have a lower or no binding affinity to the AhR, but exhibit a &apos;phenobarbital-type&apos; induction of CYP 2B1/2 activity. The tumor-promoting potency of several PCBs has been demonstrated in two-stage initiation-promotion experiments in rat liver. Preneoplastic cell clones, targets for tumor promotion, can be identified as phenotypically altered foci showing characteristic enzyme patterns including the decreased activity of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) or the increased expression of the placental form of gluthatione S-transferase (GSTP). In the present study, the effect of the &apos;non-dioxin-like&apos; 2,4,4&apos;-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB 28) and 2,2&apos;,4,5,5&apos;-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 101) on the promotion of enzyme-altered hepatic foci was investigated in female Wistar rats after initiation with diethylnitrosamine (DEN).

Final report of the inter institutional project ININ-CNSNS &apos;Source Terms specific for the CNLV&apos;; Informe final del proyecto interinstitucional ININ-CNSNS &apos;Termino Fuente especifico para la CNLV&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anaya M, R.A. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

1991-02-15

The purpose of the project inter institutional ININ-CNSNS &apos;Source Terms Specifies for the CNLV&apos; it is the one of implanting in the computer CYBER (CDC 180-830) of the ININ, the &apos;Source Term Code Package&apos; (STCP) and to make the operation tests and corresponding operation using the data of the sample problem, for finally to liberate the package, all time that by means of the analysis of the results it is consider appropriate. In this report the results of the are presented simulation of the sequence &apos;Energy Losses external&apos; (Station blackout) and &apos;Lost total of CA with failure of the RCIC and success of the HPCS&apos; both with data of the Laguna Verde Central. (Author)

Evaluation of the environmental quality objective &apos;A Safe Radiation Environment&apos;; Utvaerdering av miljoekvalitetsmaalet &apos;Saeker straalmiljoe&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asp, Helene; Brewitz, Erica; Halvarsson, Andreas; Ljungberg, Sophie; Mjoenes, Lars; Wallberg, Petra

2007-11-15

The evaluation of the environmental quality objective &apos;A Safe Radiation Environment&apos; is a contribution to the Environmental Objective Council&apos;s assessment of progress towards the national environmental quality objectives. The report describes and evaluates the radiation environment in Sweden, the regulatory instruments, measures carried out and the monitoring programmes. Furthermore, the possibility of achieving the objective and its interim targets is evaluated. New measures and means of control are proposed. The proposals are directed to the government and Parliament, national authorities and other stakeholders in society. The Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) considers it possible to achieve the objective, but additional efforts are required to ensure success. Environmental monitoring, research on health effects of radiation and supervision are still important areas. Intensified efforts will be needed to change attitudes towards suntanning. Changes in the formulation of the objective and its interim targets are suggested. Today only protection against radiation in the external environment is covered by the objective. Radiation protection work has to consider all. SSI therefore suggests that the objective should extend to include workplaces and indoor environment. For the three interim targets included in &apos;A Safe Radiation Environment&apos;, changes are suggested for the interim targets for radioactive substances and electromagnetic fields. No change is suggested for the interim target for skin cancer

Behavioral phenotype and BDNF differences related to apoE isoforms and sex in young transgenic mice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Reverte, Ingrid; Klein, Anders Bue; Ratner, Cecilia

2012-01-01

, very little information is available on apoE2 genotype. In the present study, we have characterized behavioral and learning phenotypes in young transgenic mice apoE2, apoE3 and apoE4 of both sexes. We have also determined the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor Trk...

Validation of a high-power, time-resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy system for measurement of superficial and deep muscle deoxygenation during exercise.

Science.gov (United States)

Koga, Shunsaku; Barstow, Thomas J; Okushima, Dai; Rossiter, Harry B; Kondo, Narihiko; Ohmae, Etsuko; Poole, David C

2015-06-01

Near-infrared assessment of skeletal muscle is restricted to superficial tissues due to power limitations of spectroscopic systems. We reasoned that understanding of muscle deoxygenation may be improved by simultaneously interrogating deeper tissues. To achieve this, we modified a high-power (∼8 mW), time-resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy system to increase depth penetration. Precision was first validated using a homogenous optical phantom over a range of inter-optode spacings (OS). Coefficients of variation from 10 measurements were minimal (0.5-1.9%) for absorption (μa), reduced scattering, simulated total hemoglobin, and simulated O2 saturation. Second, a dual-layer phantom was constructed to assess depth sensitivity, and the thickness of the superficial layer was varied. With a superficial layer thickness of 1, 2, 3, and 4 cm (μa = 0.149 cm(-1)), the proportional contribution of the deep layer (μa = 0.250 cm(-1)) to total μa was 80.1, 26.9, 3.7, and 0.0%, respectively (at 6-cm OS), validating penetration to ∼3 cm. Implementation of an additional superficial phantom to simulate adipose tissue further reduced depth sensitivity. Finally, superficial and deep muscle spectroscopy was performed in six participants during heavy-intensity cycle exercise. Compared with the superficial rectus femoris, peak deoxygenation of the deep rectus femoris (including the superficial intermedius in some) was not significantly different (deoxyhemoglobin and deoxymyoglobin concentration: 81.3 ± 20.8 vs. 78.3 ± 13.6 μM, P > 0.05), but deoxygenation kinetics were significantly slower (mean response time: 37 ± 10 vs. 65 ± 9 s, P ≤ 0.05). These data validate a high-power, time-resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy system with large OS for measuring the deoxygenation of deep tissues and reveal temporal and spatial disparities in muscle deoxygenation responses to exercise. Copyright © 2015 the American Physiological Society.

Persistent organochlorine pollutants and risk for skeletal fractures and impaired bone mineral density in humans. Results from the &apos;'COMPARE'&apos; project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hagmar, L.; Wallin, E.; Joensson, B.A. [Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund (Sweden)

2004-09-15

Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POP) have, in animal studies, impaired normal bone metabolism and resulted in increased bone fragility. Especially considering the dramatical increase in osteoporotic fractures in western societies during the last decades, it is a pertinent question whether a high dietary intake of POP might pose a risk for deteriorated bone quality in humans. This problem has been assessed as a part of the collaborative project &apos;'COMPARE'&apos;, funded by European Commission RD Life Science Program. As a study base we have used cohorts of Swedish fishermen&apos;s families. We have earlier shown that fishermen living at the east coast of Sweden, have a high consumption of contaminated fatty fish from the Baltic Sea and consequently relatively high exposure levels for various POPs, also compared with fishermen from the Swedish west coast. Such a discrepancy was also found for fishermen&apos;s wives. The aim of the project was to assess in epidemiological studies whether a high dietary intake of POP through fatty fish from the Baltic may result in an increased incidence of osteoporotic fractures or decreased bone mineral density (BMD). We give here an overview of the results.

&apos;&apos;Rio+20 on site&apos;&apos;. Communities on their way to sustainability. Examples from Germany; &apos;&apos;Rio+20 vor Ort&apos;&apos;. Kommunen auf dem Weg zur Nachhaltigkeit. Beispiele aus Deutschland

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nolting, Katrin; Goell, Edgar

2012-03-15

20 years ago, the international community adopted the concept of &apos;sustainable development&apos; as a model for the 21st century adopted in order to meet the growing challenges facing the mankind. With Agenda 21, the UN presented a global action plan for the implementation of such a sustainable development. This brochure provides an insight into sustainability activities at local level in Germany. It is shown how such activities result in future-oriented and exemplary developments in some areas and selected areas of action.

Intelligent marketing of electricity from decentral power sources. Project results of the research project &apos;'Massig'&apos;; Intelligente Vermarktung von Strom aus dezentralen Energiequellen. Projektergebnisse des Forschungsvorhabens &apos;'Massig'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Erge, Thomas; Sauer, Christian [Fraunhofer-Institut fuer Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg (Germany); Barnsteiner, Martin; Preiser, Klaus [Badenova Waermeplus GmbH und Co.KG, Freiburg (Germany)

2011-07-01

In the European research project &apos;Market Access for Smaller Size Intelligent Electricity Generation (Massig)&apos; scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany) examined together with project partners the demand-oriented supply and commercialization of electricity from decentral power generators at the liberalized electricity market. The project team selected target countries and evaluated innovative solutions of marketing especially for specific applications of practice. Such a model project is that of Badenova Waermeplus GmbH (Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany).

Chances and perspectives of hybrid vehicles; &apos;&apos;Chancen und Perspektiven von Hybridfahrzeugen&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Taenzer, Guillem [IZES gGmbH, Saarbruecken (Germany)

2009-07-01

It is still a challenge for the global automotive industry to build environment friendly and sustainable cars. One of the main questions is which possibilities and prospects short- and long term can be used to maintain the mobility standard today? Hybrid cars could be a short term option (such as 10 to 20 years) to serve as temporary solution. In conjunction with bio fuel hybrid cars could be a sustainable solution - but the today&apos;s availability of bio fuel doesn&apos;t cover the current and future demand of bio fuel. In this context the foodstuff production and the cultivation of monocultures shouldn&apos;t be disregarded. The enhancements of electrical components by hybrid cars allows to get access to the potential of electro mobility (middle term perspectives), even in conjunction with a fuel cell (long term perspectives). Still unresolved are the quantitative allocation of hydrogen (by renewable energy) and the infrastructure of a hydrogen system. (orig.)

The Novel SCN&apos;&apos;- Ion-selective Electrode Based on the 1-Benzyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl) thio-urea Ionophore

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Kyung Mi; Kang, Dong Hyeon; Choe, Ju Eun; You, Jung Min; Go, Min Jeong; Lee, Jung Seong; Jeon, Seung Won [Chungnam National University, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2014-09-15

A potentiometric sensor based on the 1-benzyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl) thio-urea was synthesized and tested as an ionophore in PVC based membrane sensor towards SCN - ions. This membrane exhibits a linear stable response over a wide concentration range (1.0 × 10&apos;&apos;-5 to 1.0 × 10&apos;&apos;-2 M) with a slope of -59.2 mV/dec., a detection limit of log[SCN&apos;&apos;- ] = -5.05, and a selectivity coefficient for thiocyanate against perchlorate anion of logK{sub s}cn&apos;&apos;pot = -0.133. The selectivity series of the membrane is as follows: SCN&apos;&apos;- > ClO{sub 4}&apos;&apos;- > I&apos;&apos;- >NO{sub 3}&apos;&apos;- >HSO{sub 3}&apos;&apos;- > Cl&apos;&apos;-HSO{sub &apos;}'-'&apos;4 > F&apos;&apos;- > CH{sub 3}COO&apos;&apos;- > HCO&apos;'-'&apos;3 > Br&apos;&apos;- > H{sub 2}PO{sub 4}&apos;&apos;- > SO{sub 3}&apos;'-'&apos;2 > SO{sub 4}&apos;'-'&apos;2 > CO{sub 3}&apos;'-'&apos;2. The proposed electrode showed good selectivity and a good response for the SCN&apos;&apos;- ion over a wide variety of other anions in pH 6.0 buffer solutions and has a fast response time of about < 5s.. The influences of the membrane by pH, ionophore, and plasticizer were studied.