Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA, babA2, and dupA genotypes and correlation with clinical outcome in Malaysian patients with dyspepsia.

Science.gov (United States)

Osman, Hussein Ali; Hasan, Habsah; Suppian, Rapeah; Hassan, Syed; Andee, Dzulkarnaen Zakaria; Abdul Majid, Noorizan; Zilfalil, Bin-alwi

2015-01-01

The severity of disease outcome in dyspepsia has been attributed to Helicobacter pylori virulence genes. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of H. pylori virulence genes (cagA, babA2, and dupA) and to determine whether or not there arises a significant correlation with clinical dyspepsia outcomes. H. pylori genotypes cagA, babA2, and dupA were identified by polymerase chain reactions from gastric biopsy samples in 105 H. pylori-positive patients. The positive rates for cagA, babA2, and dupA genes in H. pylori dyspeptic patients were 69.5%, 41.0%, and 22.9%, respectivel cagA was more prevalent in Indians (39.7%), babA2 was more prevalent in Malays (39.5%), and dupA detection occurred more frequently in both Indians and Malays and at the same rate (37.5%). The Chinese inhabitants had the lowest prevalence of the three genes. Nonulcer disease patients had a significantly higher distribution of cagA (76.7%), babA2 (74.4%), and dupA (75.0%). There was no apparent association between these virulence genes and the clinical outcomes. The lower prevalence of these genes and variations among different ethnicities implies that the strains are geographically and ethnically dependent. None of the virulence genes were knowingly beneficial in predicting the clinical outcome of H. pylori infection in our subjects.

La doctrina malikí sobre esclavitud y el Miray de Ahmad Baba

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Marta García Novo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La obra Miray al-s. uud, del alfaquí de Tombuctú Ah. mad Baba (1556-1627, perteneciente a la escuela jurídica malikí, es una fatwà u opinión legal en el marco de la jurisprudencia islámica, que aborda la cuestión de los esclavos negros (sudan que reclamaban la libertad en los mercados del norte de África, por haber sido capturados siendo musulmanes, algo que no está permitido en el islam. De acuerdo con el Derecho islámico clásico, sólo los no musulmanes que no cuenten con la protección de un pacto o del estatuto de lad imma, pueden ser esclavizados. Ah. mad Baba reitera esta doctrina en el Miray, haciendo hincapié en que, de acuerdo con la religión islámica, no existe ninguna relación entre el color de la piel y la esclavitud, y que los negros que habitan el bilad al-sudan (el África occidental premoderna no son esclavos por naturaleza. Además, como medio para evitar la esclavización de musulmanes libres procedentes del África occidental premoderna, el autor lleva a cabo una clasificación de los pueblos que, en su época, han adoptado o no el islam en este ámbito geográfico, un sistema que plantea serias debilidades estructurales a la hora de llevar a cabo su fin, quizá también intencionadas.The work Miray al-s. uud, written in 17th century Timbuktu by Ah. mad Baba (1556- 1627, an Islamic scholar that adhered to the Malikí law school, is a fatwa or legal opinion that addresses the issue of the black (sudan slaves that claimed their freedom in the markets of North Africa, for having been captured while being Muslims, something not allowed in pre- Modern Islamic law. According to it, only infidels without the protection of a pact or of the dhimma status can be legally enslaved. Ah. mad Baba repeats this doctrine, while emphasising that the black skin colour has nothing to do with slavery in islam, and that the peoples of pre-Modern West Africa (bilad al-sudan are not slaves by nature. Besides this, and as a means of

Baba Yaga, Monsters of the Week, and Pop Culture’s Formation of Wonder and Families through Monstrosity

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Jill Terry Rudy

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper considers transforming forms and their purposes in the popular culture trope of the televised Monster of the Week (MOTW. In the rare televised appearances outside of Slavic nations, Baba Yaga tends to show up in MOTW episodes. While some MOTW are contemporary inventions, many, like Baba Yaga, are mythological and fantastic creatures from folk narratives. Employing the concept of the folkloresque, we explore how contemporary audiovisual tropes gain integrity and traction by indexing traditional knowledge and belief systems. In the process, we examine key affordances of these forms involving the possibilities of wonder and the portability of tradition. Using digital humanities methods, we built a “monster typology” by scraping lists of folk creatures, mythological beasts, and other supernatural beings from online information sources, and we used topic modeling to investigate central concerns of MOTW series. Our findings indicate connections in these shows between crime, violence, family, and loss. The trope formulates wonder and families through folk narrative and monster forms and functions. We recognize Baba Yaga’s role as villain in these episodes and acknowledge that these series also shift between episodic and serial narrative arcs involving close relationships between characters and among viewers and fans.

Utilização de fibras (epicarpo de babaçu como matéria-prima alternativa na produção de chapas de madeira aglomerada Use of babaçu staple fiber as alternative raw material for panel production

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Ademi Moraes Lima

2006-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a utilização de fibras (epicarpo de babaçu (Orbignya spp em combinação com partículas de Pinus elliottii em diferentes proporções na confecção de chapas de madeira aglomerada, bem como avaliar o efeito de dois teores de adesivo à base de uréia-formaldeído. As chapas foram prensadas a 160 ºC, utilizando-se dois níveis de resinas (6 e 8%, base peso seco de partículas e tempo de prensagem de 10 min, obtendo-se oito tratamentos. Para cada tratamento foram feitas três repetições, totalizando 24 chapas, com densidade nominal de 0,70 g/cm³. As propriedades avaliadas foram: flexão estática - módulo de ruptura (MOR e módulo de elasticidade (MOE; tração perpendicular-ligação interna (LI; estabilidade dimensional - inchamento em espessura (IE 2 e 24 horas e absorção de água (AA 2 e 24 horas, de acordo com a norma ASTM D 1037-91. O aumento do teor de fibras de babaçu associado ao aumento no teor de adesivo contribuiu para a redução nos valores de inchamento em espessura e absorção de água. O aumento do teor de adesivo de 6 para 8% foi fundamental para a melhoria das propriedades inchamento em espessura, absorção em água, módulo de ruptura e módulo de elasticidade. Utilizando até 30% de fibras de babaçu na composição das chapas, os valores de MOR foram superiores aos estabelecidos pela CS 236-66.The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of babaçu (Orbignya spp fiber (epicarp in combination with particles of Pinus elliottii at different ratios in particleboard manufacturing, as well as evaluating the effect of different adhesive contents. The boards were pressed at 160 ºC, using two resin levels - 6% and 8% (particle dry weight basis and 10 min pressing time, totaling eight treatments, tree repetitions per treatment, totaling twenty four boards, with 0.70 g/cm³ nominal density. The evaluated properties were as follows: Static bending - modulus of rupture (MOR and

Allometria da palmeira babaçu em um agroecossistema de derruba-e-queima na periferia este da Amazônia

OpenAIRE

Gehring,Christoph; Zelarayán,Marcelo Luís C.; Almeida,Rosângela B.; Moraes,Flávio Henrique R.

2011-01-01

A palmeira babaçu (Attalea speciosa C.Martius, Arecaceae) tem grande importância socioeconômica e ecológica em grande parte da área tropical brasileira, especialmente em áreas degradadas por queimadas freqüentes na Amazônia. No entanto, ainda pouco se sabe sobre as características ecológicas desta espécie-chave. Este estudo investiga a alometria do babaçu com o objetivo de estabelecer uma metodologia eficiente na estimativa da biomassa aérea de palmeiras juvenis e adultas e para um melhor ent...

Diverse responses of wild and cultivated tomato to BABA, oligandrin and Oidium neolycopersici infection

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Satková, P.; Starý, T.; Plešková, E.; Zapletalová, M.; Kašparovský, T.; Činčalová-Kubienová, L.; Luhová, L.; Mieslerová, B.; Mikulík, Jaromír; Lochman, J.; Petřivalský, M.

2017-01-01

Roč. 119, č. 5 (2017), s. 829-840 ISSN 0305-7364 Institutional support: RVO:61389030 Keywords : baba * Defence genes * Ethylene * Oidium neolycopersici * Oligandrin * Powdery mildew * Resistance * Solanum habrochaites * Solanum lycopersicum * Tomato Subject RIV: GF - Plant Pathology, Vermin, Weed, Plant Protection OBOR OECD: Plant sciences, botany Impact factor: 4.041, year: 2016

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA, babA2, and dupA genotypes andcorrelation with clinical outcome in Malaysian patients with dyspepsia

OpenAIRE

OSMAN, HUSSEIN ALI; HASAN, HABSAH; SUPPIAN, RAPEAH; HASSAN, SYED; ANDEE, DZULKARNAEN ZAKARIA; MAJID, NOORIZAN ABDUL; ZILFALIL, BIN ALWI

2015-01-01

Background/aim: The severity of disease outcome in dyspepsia has been attributed to Helicobacter pylori virulence genes. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of H. pylori virulence genes (cagA, babA2, and dupA) and to determine whether or not there arises a significant correlation with clinical dyspepsia outcomes. Materials and methods: H. pylori genotypes cagA, babA2, and dupA were identified by polymerase chain reactions from gastric biopsy samples in 105 H. pylori-posit...

Three new species of squat lobsters of the genus Fennerogalathea Baba, 1988 (Decapoda: Galatheidae) from the Pacific Ocean.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez-Flores, Paula C; Machordom, Annie; Macpherson, Enrique

2017-06-09

The genus Fennerogalathea Baba, 1988 was known to contain two species: F. chacei Baba, 1988, the type species, from the Philippines, Taiwan and Indonesia and F. chirostyloides Tirmizi & Javed, 1993 from the Bay of Bengal. In the present study, three new species of the genus are described and illustrated: F. chani n. sp. from Papua New Guinea, F. cultrata n. sp. from New Caledonia and Vanuatu and F. ensifera n. sp. from Fiji. The new species are morphologically distinguishable on the basis of the shape and spination of the rostrum and the presence/absence of a small spine on the frontal margin of the carapace. The species also show clear genetic differences (COI and 16S rDNA) among them.

Analysis of Sustainability of New Rural Housing (Case of ole Baba Hoseyn Bridge Village

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Jeyran Chamcham

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Modernization of rural housing based on the principles of sustainability is one of the most important prerequisites for achieving sustainable development in rural areas. This can only be achieved by knowing the exact status of rural housing and its range of stability. And rural planning is not possible without it. On the other hand, survey of the stability of the different aspects of rural housing will have a decisive role in decisions related to how to promote this project aimed at sustainable rural development. Therefore, this study we have investigated and compared the economic, Social, environmental, technical and physical aspects of new rural housing with sustainability approach, quantitative paradigm and the case study method. The statistical population in the study were all the people of Baba Hoseyn Bridge Village from which a number were selected who had reconstructed their homes. The results are shown in 4 dimensions of new housing's economic, social, environmental, technical and physical aspects in the Baba Hoseyn Bridge Village although they have very little inclination towards sustainability. Despite this, the hybrid economic index for reconstruction of rural housing turned out to be more stable than other metrics.

DSC and X-ray diffraction investigations of phase transitions in HxBABA and NBABA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Usha Deniz, K.; Paranjpe, A.S.; Mirza, E.B.; Parvathanathan, P.S.; Patel, K.S.

1979-01-01

The phase transitions and the heats of transformation, of the hexyl (HxBABA) and nonyl (NBABA) members of the series of compounds, p-n-Alkoxybenzylidene-p-Aminobenzoic Acids, have been studied by DSC in the temperature range, - 100 0 C to 300 0 C. A scheme of transitions has been proposed for each of the compounds. X-ray diffraction measurements have been done in the smectic C(Ssub(c)) and nematic (N) phases of these materials. The results reveal that (1) the Ssub(c) phase in both compounds is of the C 1 -type, (2) Ssub(c)-type order is seen throughout the nematic phase in HxBABA, whereas in NBABA, it is seen only in the neighbourhood of the Ssub(c)-N transition, (3) the temperature dependence of the smectic layer thickness, d, and of the directly measured tilt angle, theta sub(t,d), reflect faithfully the strength of the first order transition, Ssub(c)-N, and (4) there is a marked difference between the values and the temperature variations of theta sub(t,d) and theta sub(t,c) (tilt angle calculated from d) which is not completely understood, at present

Prospective, randomized, and controlled trial on ketamine infusion during bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy: Effects on postoperative pain and recovery profiles

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Dong-Ho; Choi, June Young; Kim, Byoung-Gook; Hwang, Jin-Young; Park, Seong-Joo; Oh, Ah-Young; Jeon, Young-Tae; Ryu, Jung-Hee

2016-01-01

Abstract Background: Robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy using bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) is frequently performed for excellent cosmesis. However, postoperative pain is remained as concerns due to the extent tissue dissection and tension during the operation. Ketamine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that reduces acute postoperative pain. We evaluated the effects of intraoperative ketamine infusion on postoperative pain control and recovery profiles following BABA robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods: Fifty-eight adult patients scheduled for BABA robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy were randomized into a control group (n = 29) and ketamine group (n = 29). Following induction of anesthesia, patients in each group were infused with the same volume of saline or ketamine solution (1 mg/kg bolus, 60 μg/kg/h continuous infusion). Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil was used to induce and maintain anesthesia. Pain scores (101-point numerical rating scale, 0 = no pain, 100 = the worst imaginable pain), the consumption of rescue analgesics, and other postoperative adverse effects were assessed at 1, 6, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively. Results: Patients in the ketamine group reported lower pain scores than those in the control group at 6 hours (30 [30] vs 50 [30]; P = 0.017), 24 hours (20 [10] vs 30 [20]; P ketamine infusion during anesthesia resulted in lower postoperative pain scores following BABA robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy, with no increase in adverse events. PMID:27930531

Two new species of the stenopodidean shrimp genus Spongiocaris Bruce & Baba, 1973 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Spongicolidae) from the Indo-West Pacific.

Science.gov (United States)

Komai, Tomoyuki; Grave, Sammy De; Saito, Tomomi

2016-05-17

Two new species of the deep-water spongicolid genus Spongiocaris Bruce & Baba, 1973, are described and illustrated from two localities in the Indo-West Pacific. Spongiocaris panglao n. sp. is described on the basis of material from the Bohol Sea, the Philippines, at depths of 220-731 m. Spongiocaris tuerkayi n. sp. is described on the basis of material from Atlantis Bank in the southwestern Indian Ocean at depths of 743-1053 m. Among eight known congeners, both new species appear close to S. semiteres Bruce & Baba, 1973, differing in the rostral length and armature, shape of the carapace, telsonal armature, development of the grooming apparatus of the first pereopod and shape of the third pereopod chela. An identification key to the species currently assigned to Spongiocaris is presented.

Hidrólise parcial enzimática da gordura de babaçu

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OLIVEIRA Andréa Lícia de Almeida

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Lipases são enzimas de origem animal, vegetal ou microbiana que catalisam a hidrólise total ou parcial de óleos e gorduras, fornecendo ácidos graxos livres, acilgliceróis parciais e glicerol. O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a ação da lipase comercial FAP (Amano Pharmaceutical Co. no processo de hidrólise parcial da gordura de babaçu. Foi utilizada a Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta para representar o sistema na região estudada. O tratamento estatístico possibilitou analisar a influência das variáveis indepentes concentração de enzima (3 a 327U/mL e tempo de reação (1 a 31h na variável dependente: % de hidrólise. Os resultados experimentais observados nas reações, variaram de 6,52 a 41,44% de hidrólise da gordura de babaçu. Pela aplicação do modelo estatístico, os resultados estimados variaram de 13,57 a 43,80% de hidrólise. O nível de significância foi de 99% para o modelo % de hidrólise. Foi observado que 87,8% da variação da resposta pode ser explicada pela regressão múltipla, demostrando ser bom o ajustamento do modelo aos dados experimentais.

Prospective, randomized, and controlled trial on ketamine infusion during bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy: Effects on postoperative pain and recovery profiles: A consort compliant article.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Dong-Ho; Choi, June Young; Kim, Byoung-Gook; Hwang, Jin-Young; Park, Seong-Joo; Oh, Ah-Young; Jeon, Young-Tae; Ryu, Jung-Hee

2016-12-01

Robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy using bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) is frequently performed for excellent cosmesis. However, postoperative pain is remained as concerns due to the extent tissue dissection and tension during the operation. Ketamine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that reduces acute postoperative pain. We evaluated the effects of intraoperative ketamine infusion on postoperative pain control and recovery profiles following BABA robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy. Fifty-eight adult patients scheduled for BABA robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy were randomized into a control group (n = 29) and ketamine group (n = 29). Following induction of anesthesia, patients in each group were infused with the same volume of saline or ketamine solution (1 mg/kg bolus, 60 μg/kg/h continuous infusion). Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil was used to induce and maintain anesthesia. Pain scores (101-point numerical rating scale, 0 = no pain, 100 = the worst imaginable pain), the consumption of rescue analgesics, and other postoperative adverse effects were assessed at 1, 6, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively. Patients in the ketamine group reported lower pain scores than those in the control group at 6 hours (30 [30] vs 50 [30]; P = 0.017), 24 hours (20 [10] vs 30 [20]; P ketamine infusion during anesthesia resulted in lower postoperative pain scores following BABA robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy, with no increase in adverse events.

In memoriam - William Toshio (Tosh) Yasutake, 1922-2016

Science.gov (United States)

Elliott, Diane G.; Winton, James R.

2017-01-01

William Toshio (Tosh) Yasutake, 1922-2016 passed away peacefully at home on December 12, 2016, at the age of 94. He is survived by Fumi, his wife of 66 years, as well as four children and six grandchildren. With his death, the fish health community has lost an outstanding scientist as well as a kind, unassuming, and wonderful human being. Tosh was born on June 10, 1922, in Seattle, Washington, to Jack and Hide Yasutake. He was in his first year of studies at the University of Washington when Pearl Harbor was attacked by Imperial Japan on December 7, 1941. Following the attack, Tosh and his family (father, mother, sister, and two brothers) were among the 110,000–120,000 people of Japanese ancestry who were forced from their homes on the Pacific coast and incarcerated in internment camps in the interior. In June 1942, Tosh enlisted in the U.S. Army, serving as an unarmed combat medic in the famed 442nd Regimental Combat Team, the most decorated unit for its size and length of service in the history of American warfare. Wounded in October 1944 during the Vosges Mountains campaign near Bruyères, France, Tosh was evacuated and missed the ensuing battle to rescue the “Lost Battalion,” at which his replacement was killed. Tosh returned to action in Italy in February 1945 and served until the end of the war in Europe, earning both a Purple Heart and a Bronze Star for bravery. In October 2010, the Congressional Gold Medal was awarded to the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, and in 2012 the surviving members were made chevaliers of the French Légion d’Honneur for actions contributing to the liberation of France in World War II.After the war, Tosh returned to the University of Washington on the GI Bill and received a B.S. degree in zoology in 1951. In 1953 he began his research career at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Western Fish Nutrition Laboratory at Cook, Washington, where he conducted pioneering research on nutritional fish diseases with John Halver. Tosh

Visit by His Excellency Mr. Mame Baba Cisse, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Senegal to the United Nations Office at Geneva

CERN Multimedia

AUTHOR|(SzGeCERN)780240

2015-01-01

In the context of exploring further collaboration between Senegal and CERN, His Excellency Mr. Mame Baba Cisse, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Senegal to the United Nations Office at Geneva, visited CERN. Mrs. Fama Diagne Sene, visiting scientist from Université Alioune Diop De Bambey, is currently at CERN where she works within the Scientific Information Service on a photo-digitization project.

Conhecimento e uso do ouricuri (Syagrus coronata e do babaçu (Orbignya phalerata em Buíque, PE, Brasil Knowledge and use of ouricuri (Syagrus coronata and babaçu (Orbignya phalerata in Buíque, Pernambuco State, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márcio Ulisses de Lima Rufino

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O Nordeste do Brasil abriga 80 espécies de palmeiras nativas, com baixo endemismo (27,5%, algumas delas ameaçadas pelas alterações destrutivas do habitat natural, associadas à exploração desordenada. Investigou-se do ponto de vista etnobotânico a importância do ouricuri (Syagrus coronata e do babaçu (Orbignya phalerata em uma comunidade estabelecida junto ao Parque Nacional Vale do Catimbau, município de Buíque, Pernambuco. A importância atribuída pelo povo local para essas espécies foi analisada sob os seguintes aspectos: número de usos, número de informantes que faziam uso de seus produtos diretos ou indiretos; grau de consenso entre os informantes referentes aos usos relatados. Os dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas (60 informantes e de índices baseados em técnicas de consenso do informante. Foram citadas sete categorias de uso: alimento do homem; alimento de animais domésticos; alimento de animais silvestres; construção; artesanato; combustível; medicinal. Apesar da diversidade de usos (Sc = 33; Oph = 25, a importância das duas espécies está relacionada predominantemente ao aproveitamento da amêndoa, como mostram os índices de valor para frutos (Sc = 0,48; Oph = 0,56. Analisando a contribuição de cada espécie para o uso total, o ouricuri apresentou maior valor (8,58 em relação ao babaçu (6,31. Sinais de um processo de erosão do conhecimento foram observados, com vários usos apontados como não mais praticados na comunidade, particularmente os associados ao artesanato.The palm tree flora of Brazilian Northeast includes 80 native species, with a low level of endemism (27.5%, some of them threatened by the destructive alterations of the natural habitat, associated to disordered exploration. This study investigated the importance of the ouricuri (Syagrus coronata and the babaçu (Orbignya phalerata in a community established near the Catimbau Valley National Park, Buíque municipality

Efficient theory of dipolar recoupling in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance of rotating solids using Floquet-Magnus expansion: application on BABA and C7 radiofrequency pulse sequences.

Science.gov (United States)

Mananga, Eugene S; Reid, Alicia E; Charpentier, Thibault

2012-02-01

This article describes the use of an alternative expansion scheme called Floquet-Magnus expansion (FME) to study the dynamics of spin system in solid-state NMR. The main tool used to describe the effect of time-dependent interactions in NMR is the average Hamiltonian theory (AHT). However, some NMR experiments, such as sample rotation and pulse crafting, seem to be more conveniently described using the Floquet theory (FT). Here, we present the first report highlighting the basics of the Floquet-Magnus expansion (FME) scheme and hint at its application on recoupling sequences that excite more efficiently double-quantum coherences, namely BABA and C7 radiofrequency pulse sequences. The use of Λ(n)(t) functions available only in the FME scheme, allows the comparison of the efficiency of BABA and C7 sequences. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Desempenho e digestibilidade de nutrientes em ovinos alimentados com rações contendo farelo de babaçu Performance and nutrient digestibility on lambs fed diets containing different levels of babassu meal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antônio Robson Bezerra Xenofonte

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho, o consumo voluntário e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, foram utilizados 24 ovinos sem raça definida (SRD, machos não-castrados, com peso inicial de 20 ± 3,25 kg e 4,6 ± 0,8 meses de idade. Os animais foram mantidos em confinamento e alimentados com dietas com farelo de babaçu (0, 10, 20 e 30% em substituição ao feno de capim-colonião. As dietas, isoprotéicas e isoenergéticas, foram fornecidas em forma de ração completa. Utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. O consumo de matéria seca foi influenciado pela inclusão do farelo de babaçu na dieta e apresentou redução de 302 g/dia a cada 10% de participação de farelo de babaçu. A ingestão dos nutrientes e o desempenho foram restringidos pela diminuição do consumo de matéria seca. A inclusão do farelo de babaçu reduziu linearmente o ganho de peso dos animais. A digestibilidade dos nutrientes foi influenciada pelos níveis de farelo de babaçu, mas esse aumento está associado às reduções na ingestão de matéria seca. O farelo de babaçu, ao ser utilizado como alternativa de alimento para cordeiros em crescimento, compromete o consumo de alimentos e o ganho de peso dos animais.With the objective to evaluate the performance, voluntary intake and nutrient digestibilities, 24 NDB (no defined breed, non castrated male lambs with 20 ± 3.25 BW initial and 4.6 ± 0.8 months old were used. Animals were kept in feedlot and fed diets with babassu meal (0, 10, 20 and 30% in substitution to Panicum maximum Jack hay. The diets, isoprotein and isonitrogenous, were fed in a complete mix ration. A completely blocks randomized design, with four treatments and six replicates was used. The dry matter intake was influenced by the inclusion of babassu meal in the diet and presented a reduction of 302 g/day for each 10% of babassu meal inclusion. Nutrient intake and performance were limited by

Caracterização do capim Mombaça em diferentes alturas de pastejo em sistema de consorcio com babaçu e monocultivo

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Marcos Odilon Dias Rodrigues

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar as características agronômicas, estruturais e massa de raiz do Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça em diferentes condições de pastejo dentro do mesmo pasto em sistema de monocultivo e integrado pastagem-floresta (consorciado com palmeiras de babaçu. Foram realizadas avaliações nos meses de dezembro de 2012 a fevereiro de 2013. Os sistemas foram mantidos sob pastejo contínuo com ovinos (média de 20 kg de peso vivo durante todo período de avaliação. O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso em parcelas subdivididas, sendo: parcelas os sistemas e subparcelas as alturas de pastejo, com 3 ciclos de coleta. A presença da palmeira do babaçu influenciou a produtividade de massa seca da parte aérea em sistema consorciado devido a diminuição no perfilhamento da gramínea ocasionado pelo estresse do sombreamento. A produção de massa seca de raiz decresceu sendo influenciada pelo sombreamento e pela intensidade de pastejo nas alturas avaliadas, ocorrendo diminuição à medida que decresceu a altura da gramínea. O sistema de monocultivo teve melhores resultados para as mesmas alturas em todos os parâmetros avaliados em comparação com o sistema consorciado, onde número de perfilhos, produção de matéria seca (MS da parte aérea, índice de área folear (IAF, % de MS foram maiores em sistema de monocultivo independente das alturas avaliadas. O sombreamento natural das palmeiras de babaçu influenciou negativamente as características produtivas e estruturais do Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, alterando dessa forma a arquitetura da gramínea e diminuindo sua capacidade produtiva.

Geochemistry of rare earth elements in the Baba Ali magnetite skarn deposit, western Iran – a key to determine conditions of mineralisation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zamanian Hassan

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The Baba Ali skarn deposit, situated 39 km to the northwest of Hamadan (Iran, is the result of a syenitic pluton that intruded and metamorphosed the diorite host rock. Rare earth element (REE values in the quartz syenite and diorite range between 35.4 and 560 ppm. Although the distribution pattern of REEs is more and less flat and smooth, light REEs (LREEs in general show higher concentrations than heavy REEs (HREEs in different lithounits. The skarn zone reveals the highest REE-enriched pattern, while the ore zone shows the maximum depletion pattern. A comparison of the concentration variations of LREEs (La–Nd, middle REEs (MREEs; Sm–Ho and HREEs (Er–Lu of the ore zone samples to the other zones elucidates two important points for the distribution of REEs: 1 the distribution patterns of LREEs and MREEs show a distinct depletion in the ore zone while representing a great enrichment in the skarn facies neighbouring the ore body border and decreasing towards the altered diorite host rock; 2 HREEs show the same pattern, but in the exoskarn do not reveal any distinct increase as observed for LREEs and MREEs. The ratio of La/Y in the Baba Ali skarn ranges from 0.37 to 2.89. The ore zone has the highest La/Y ratio. In this regard the skarn zones exhibit two distinctive portions: 1 one that has La/Y >1 beingadjacent to the ore body and; 2 another one with La/Y < 1 neighbouring altered diorite. Accordingly, the Baba Ali profile, from the quartz syenite to the middle part of the exoskarn, demonstrates chiefly alkaline conditions of formation, with a gradual change to acidic towards the altered diorite host rocks. Utilising three parameters, Ce/Ce*, Eu/Eu* and (Pr/Ybn, in different minerals implies that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for epidote and garnet were mostly of magmatic origin and for magnetite, actinolite and phlogopite these were of magmatic origin with low REE concentration or meteoric water involved.

Reservoir operation using El Niño forecasts-case study of Daule Peripa and Baba, Ecuador

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gelati, Emiliano; Madsen, Henrik; Rosbjerg, Dan

2014-01-01

Reservoir operation is studied for the Daule Peripa and Baba system in Ecuador, where El Niño events cause anomalously heavy precipitation. Reservoir inflow is modelled by a Markov-switching model using El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices as input. Inflow is forecast using 9-month lead time...... Reservoir. Optimized operation is compared to historical management of Daule Peripa. Hypothetical management scenarios are used as the benchmark for the planned system, for which no operation policy is known. Upper bounds for operational performance are found via dynamic programming by assuming perfect...... knowledge of future inflow. The results highlight the advantages of combining inflow forecasts and storage targets in reservoir operation. © 2014 © 2014 IAHS Press....

PROVIDING AFFORDABLE HIGHER EDUCATION TO RURAL GIRLS IN INDIAN PUNJAB: A CASE STUDY OF BABA AYA SINGH RIARKI COLLEGE

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RANJIT SINGH GHUMAN

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The paper highlights a case study of a rural girls college located in a remote village of Gurdaspur district in Indian Punjab. The idea of this unique college was conceptualised by one Baba Aya Singh, a social and religious activist, from a village near the college way back in 1925. It was really a revolutionary idea because female education in India, particularly higher education, was a distant dream at that time. The college was, however, started with only 14 rural girls after about half-a-century when the great visionary Baba Aya Singh had a dream to educate the rural girls. Access to and affordability of higher education is the uniqueness of this college. The student has to pay only Rs. 5800 (about US $ 65 per annum, which includes both the tuition fee and boarding and lodging. It is equally significant to note that the entire expenses of the college are met by this and the produce of agricultural land of the college. The college does not take any outside help. The meritorious senior class students teach the junior class students. The college in its own humble, but significant, way made a revolutionary contribution to the education of poor rural girls who, otherwise, would not have dreamt of college education. Apart from, class-room teaching and bookish knowledge, the students are taught social, ethical and management skills in a most natural manner. The product of the college has proved to be the agents of change and rural transformation.

Interpretation of shared culture of Baba and Nyonya for tourism linkage of four countries in the ASEAN community

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Umaporn Muneenam

2017-09-01

The results showed that there were personal and non-personal interpretations providing differences in the Baba and Nyonya tourism areas. The results from the t-test between the treatment and controlled groups found that before the treatment group had read the 10 postcards, their knowledge was minimal; however, after they had read the 10 postcards for self-guiding interpretation, their knowledge after was significantly different at .05. Moreover, the treatment group recorded “satisfied” gradings for the 10 postcards overall with a score of 4.49 out of 5 using a Likert scale; while the highest satisfaction was with the quality of printing (4.80, but the lowest satisfaction was increased Southeast Asia culture concern and awareness (4.07.

Die vroeë kommunikasieontwikkeling van ’n groep babas met pediatriese MIV/VIGS in sorgsentrums

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Isabel Bam

2003-11-01

Full Text Available The high prevalence and serious sequelae of the pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS in South Africa pose great challenges for clinicians involved in early intervention to develop appropriate interdisciplinary programmes for primary prevention of transmission of the virus as well as secondary interventions directed at the early management of the unique combination of serious health problems, neuro-developmental needs and caregiving circumstances of the infants. Opsomming Die hoë prevalensie en ernstige gevolge van die pediatriese menslike immuniteitsgebrek-virus (MIV/VIGS in Suid-Afrika stel groot uitdagings aan klinici betrokke by vroeë intervensie om toepaslike interdissiplinêre programme te ontwikkel vir primêre voorkoming van oordrag van die virus asook sekondêre intervensies gerig op die vroeë hantering van die babas se unieke kombinasie van ernstige Gesondheids-probleme, neuro-ontwikkelingsbehoeftes en versorgingsomstandighede. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

FOTOGRAFÍA, CINE Y TRADUCCIÓN EN "LAS BABAS DEL DIABLO"

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Valeria de los Ríos

2008-04-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza el cuento "Las babas del diablo" de Julio Cortázar desde una perspectiva visual. La hipótesis central de este texto es que Cortázar relaciona escritura, fotografía y cine para poner enjuego la relación entre arte, sujeto y realidad. Esta conexión está mediada por la técnica, específicamente por aparatos como la cámara fotográfica y la máquina de escribir. Cortázar vincula fotografía y escritura a partir del concepto de traducción, construyendo un protagonista que es al mismo tiempo un observador y un letrado. Este protagonista pasa de ser un sujeto eminentemente fotográfico, a convertirse en el involuntario espectador de un filme.In this article, I analyze the short story "Blow-up " by Julio Cortázar from a visual point of view. This text's central hypothesis is that Cortázar relates writing, photography and cinema in order to put into play the connection between art, subject and reality. This link is mediated by technique, specifically by apparatuses such as the photographic camera and the typewriter. Cortázar associates photography and writing through the concept of translation, constructing a protagonist that is at the same time an observer and a letrado. This protagonist, first a photographic subject, becomes an involuntary film spectator.

Caracterización Morfológica de los Órganos del Sistema Endocrino de la Baba (Caiman crocodilus crocodilus): Aspectos Histológicos

OpenAIRE

González-Torrealba, Jenny; García C, Gisela C; Alvarado-Rico, Sonia; Marcano de Díaz, Elizabeth; Rodríguez, Albert

2017-01-01

Se realizó la descripción histológica de los órganos endocrinos de nueve babas, cinco hembras y cuatro machos (Caiman crocodilus crocodilus), provenientes del Hato Santa Ana, estado Guárico y de la laguna de oxidación de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), estado Aragua. Las muestras se fijaron en formol neutro al 10% v/v y se incluyeron en parafina en el Laboratorio de Histoquímica de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la UCV. Todos los órganos fueron ...

Düşünme Stilleri Ve Anne-Baba Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki

OpenAIRE

Palut, Birsen

2008-01-01

Düşünme stili bireyin zihninde olup bitenlerin ve düşünme süreçlerinin farklı şekillerde dışa yansıması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Düşünme stillerinin oluşum ve gelişim sürecinde bireyin sosyalleşme süreci önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu süreçte anne ve baba tutumları bireylerde hangi tür düşünme süreçlerinin baskın hale geleceğinin belirlenmesinde en önemli faktörlerden birini oluşturmaktadır. Ailelerin içinde yaşadığı kültürel değerler ve inançlar ebeveynlerin çocuk yetiştirme değerlerini, gel...

Propriedades da carne e perfil de ácidos graxos do pernil de catetos (Tayassu tajacu) alimentados com torta de babaçu (Orbignya phalerata)

OpenAIRE

Albuquerque,N.I.; Contreras,C.C.; Alencar,S.; Meirelles,C.F.; Aguiar,A.P.; Moreira,J.A.; Packer,I.U.

2009-01-01

Analisaram-se as propriedades da carne e o perfil de ácidos graxos do pernil de catetos alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes porcentagens de torta de babaçu, usada como fonte energética alternativa substituindo parte do milho na alimentação, em sistemas de produção em cativeiro. Avaliou-se o pernil de 12 animais quanto às suas propriedades - perda de peso ao cozimento, força de cisalhamento, pH e capacidade de retenção de água-, depois extraiu-se o óleo da carne e determinou-se o perfil...

La reescritura fílmica de "Las babas del Diablo" en Blow-up o cómo Antonioni traicionó el cuento cortazariano

OpenAIRE

Hatry , Laura

2012-01-01

No cabe duda que la mayor afinidad entre el cine y los géneros literarios reside en la novela y el teatro. El caso del cuento es especial, ya que se trata, en cierto modo y sólo en los cuentos de raigambre poética, a la vez de prosa y de poesía y tal vez es por esto que en la historia de la literatura no ha alcanzado la atención que merece. En el caso que nos ocupa se trata de una influencia especial que ha tenido el cuento "Las babas del diablo" de Cortázar: la inspiración para el largometra...

Öğrenci tükenmişliğini yordamada stresle başaçıkma, sınav kaygısı, akademik yetkinlik ve anne-baba tutumları / Coping with stress, test anxiety, academic self-efficacy and parental attitudes in predicting student burnout

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Uğur ÇAPULCUOĞLU

2013-04-01

Full Text Available ÖZETBu araştırma, Maslach Tükenmişlik modeli çerçevesinde, stresle başaçıkma, sınav kaygısı, akademik yetkinlik ve anne-baba tutumları değişkenlerinin lise öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerini yordamadaki katkılarını incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. 1385 lise öğrencisinin katıldığı araştırmada, Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu (MTE-ÖF, “Stresle Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği”, “Sınav Kaygısı Envanteri”, “Ergenlerde Yetkinlik Beklentisi Ölçeği” ve “Ana Baba Tutum Envanteri” kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin stresle başaçıkma, sınav kaygısı, akademik yetkinlik ve anne-baba tutumlarının yordayıp yordamadığını belirlemek amacıyla, çoklu regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular; akademik yetkinliğin tükenmenin % 14’ünü, duyarsızlaşmanın % 10’unu ve yetkinliğin ise % 20’sini açıkladığını göstermiştir. Bu değişkenin yanı sıra, tükenme alt boyutunda olumlu stresle başaçıkma ve sınav kaygısının; duyarsızlaşma alt boyutunda olumsuz stresle başaçıkma ve sınav kaygısının; yetkinlik alt boyutunda ise sosyal destek arama yaklaşımı ve demokratik ana-baba tutumlarının önemli yordayıcılar olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Induced resistance against the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, by β-aminobutyric acid in citrus.

Science.gov (United States)

Tiwari, Siddharth; Meyer, Wendy L; Stelinski, Lukasz L

2013-10-01

β-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) is known to induce resistance to microbial pathogens, nematodes and insects in several host plant/pest systems. The present study was undertaken to determine whether a similar effect of BABA occurred against the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, in citrus. A 25 mM drench application of BABA significantly reduced the number of eggs/plant as compared with a water control, whereas 200 and 100 mM applications of BABA reduced the numbers of nymphs/plant and adults/plants, respectively. A 5 mM foliar application of BABA significantly reduced the number of adults but not eggs or nymphs when compared with a water control treatment. In addition, leaf-dip bioassays using various concentrations (25–500 mM) of BABA indicated no direct toxic effect on 2nd and 5th instar nymphs or adult D. citri. BABA-treated plants were characterized by significantly lower levels of iron, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, sulfur and zinc as compared with control plants. The expression level of the PR-2 gene (β-1,3-glucanase) in BABA-treated plants that were also damaged by D. citri adult feeding was significantly higher than in plants exposed to BABA, D. citri feeding alone or control plants. Our results indicate the potential for using BABA as a systemic acquired resistance management tool for D. citri.

Priming of the Arabidopsis pattern-triggered immunity response upon infection by necrotrophic Pectobacterium carotovorum bacteria.

Science.gov (United States)

Po-Wen, Chen; Singh, Prashant; Zimmerli, Laurent

2013-01-01

Boosted responsiveness of plant cells to stress at the onset of pathogen- or chemically induced resistance is called priming. The chemical β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) enhances Arabidopsis thaliana resistance to hemibiotrophic bacteria through the priming of the salicylic acid (SA) defence response. Whether BABA increases Arabidopsis resistance to the necrotrophic bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. carotovorum (Pcc) is not clear. In this work, we show that treatment with BABA protects Arabidopsis against the soft-rot pathogen Pcc. BABA did not prime the expression of the jasmonate/ethylene-responsive gene PLANT DEFENSIN 1.2 (PDF1.2), the up-regulation of which is usually associated with resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. Expression of the SA marker gene PATHOGENESIS RELATED 1 (PR1) on Pcc infection was primed by BABA treatment, but SA-defective mutants demonstrated a wild-type level of BABA-induced resistance against Pcc. BABA primed the expression of the pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)-responsive genes FLG22-INDUCED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1 (FRK1), ARABIDOPSIS NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE GENE (NDR1)/HAIRPIN-INDUCED GENE (HIN1)-LIKE 10 (NHL10) and CYTOCHROME P450, FAMILY 81 (CYP81F2) after inoculation with Pcc or after treatment with purified bacterial microbe-associated molecular patterns, such as flg22 or elf26. PTI-mediated callose deposition was also potentiated in BABA-treated Arabidopsis, and BABA boosted Arabidopsis stomatal immunity to Pcc. BABA treatment primed the PTI response in the SA-defective mutants SA induction deficient 2-1 (sid2-1) and phytoalexin deficient 4-1 (pad4-1). In addition, BABA priming was associated with open chromatin configurations in the promoter region of PTI marker genes. Our data indicate that BABA primes the PTI response upon necrotrophic bacterial infection and suggest a role for the PTI response in BABA-induced resistance. © 2012 THE AUTHORS. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY © 2012 BSPP AND BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD.

Surgical treatment for medically refractory myasthenic blepharoptosis

OpenAIRE

Shimizu, Yusuke; Suzuki,Shigeaki; Nagasao,Tomohisa; Ogata,Hisao; Yazawa,Masaki; Suzuki,Norihiro; Kishi,Kazuo

2014-01-01

Yusuke Shimizu,1 Shigeaki Suzuki,2 Tomohisa Nagasao,1 Hisao Ogata,1 Masaki Yazawa,1 Norihiro Suzuki,2 Kazuo Kishi1 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanPurpose: Currently, only a few reports have recommended surgery as a suitable treatment for blepharoptosis associated with myasthenia gravis. The present study aims to introduce our surgical criteria, surgical options, outcomes, and precautions for medicall...

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Potential of Palm Leaf Extracts from Babaçu (Attalea speciosa, Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa, and Macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata

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Adriana Idalina Torcato de Oliveira

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Babaçu (A. speciosa, Buriti (M. flexuosa, and Macaúba (A. aculeata are palm trees typical of the ecotone area between Cerrado and the Amazon rainforest. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the extracts prepared from the leaves of those palms as well as determine their chemical compositions. The ethanol extracts were prepared in a Soxhlet apparatus and tested by disk diffusion and agar dilution technique against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Candida parapsilosis. However, there was no significant activity at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg·Ml−1. Moreover, the phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, catechins, steroids, triterpenes, and saponins. Gas chromatography (GC/MS analysis also identified organic acids, such as capric (decanoic acid, lauric (dodecanoic acid, myristic (tetradecanoic acid, phthalic (1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, palmitic (hexadecanoic acid, stearic (octadecanoic acid, linoleic (9,12-octadecadienoic acid (omega-6, linolenic (octadecatrienoic acid (omega-3, and the terpenes citronellol and phytol. Based on the chemical composition in the palm leaf extracts, the palms have the potential to be useful in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

Rusçuklu Zarîfî Ömer Baba ve Manzum-Mensur Tasavvuf Terimleri Lügatçesi: Istılahât-ı Meşâyıh Zarîfî Omar Baba From Ruscuk and His Glossary Of Verse-Prose Sufi Terminology: Istilahât-i Mashayikh

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Turgut KOÇOĞLU

2012-09-01

Full Text Available There is not enough information about Zarîfî Omar Baba in the sources we have studied. According to the available sources Zarîfî Omar Baba, who was from Ruscuk village within the borders of Bulgaria today, participated in Sa’diyye Sect and he ascended to the position of sheikh in this sect. Zarîfî has two works which are mentioned in the biograhical antologies. These are Pend-name and Divan. Yet, in the catalogue searches we have done 7 more works, which are denoted to belong to him, have been identified. These works are: Tasavvuf-nâme, İsm-i A’zam, Kitâb-ı İ'tikâd, Hikâye-yi Kan Kalesi, Beyân-ı Ser-encâm, Kısasu’l-Enbiyâ and Istılahât-ı Mashayikh. As far as we could study, Zarîfî’s works have religion-sufism and moral contents. His work, Istılahât-ı Mashayikh, which has not been mentioned in the sources, is a kind of dictionary of sufism terms. In this work, which starts with 23 verses narrating some religion and sufism themes, 70 sufism terms are explained in all. It is possible to group these terms into two as names and positions. In this work, names and their characteristics are written in prose while positions are written in verse. Firstly in verse, the author explains the name which identifies the qualities and characterisitcs of human being in his own sufistic point. Then in prose, he explains the positions the one, who has the characteristics of this name, will get to. In this article Zarîfî’s life, his literary personality and works; language, style and contents of Istılahât-ı Mashayikh have been examined. Besides, some terms in this work have been compared to other sufism dictionaries in order to clarify that meanings ascribed to the same terms show difference according to sects, tariqah and perhaps according to time and place. Finally, the text of Istılahât-ı Mashayikh has been translated into contemporary letters in accordance with its two copies by critical edition method. �

Allometria da palmeira babaçu em um agroecossistema de derruba-e-queima na periferia este da Amazônia Allometry of the babassu palm growing on a slash-and-burn agroecosystem of the eastern periphery of Amazonia

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Christoph Gehring

2011-03-01

Full Text Available A palmeira babaçu (Attalea speciosa C.Martius, Arecaceae tem grande importância socioeconômica e ecológica em grande parte da área tropical brasileira, especialmente em áreas degradadas por queimadas freqüentes na Amazônia. No entanto, ainda pouco se sabe sobre as características ecológicas desta espécie-chave. Este estudo investiga a alometria do babaçu com o objetivo de estabelecer uma metodologia eficiente na estimativa da biomassa aérea de palmeiras juvenis e adultas e para um melhor entendimento da sua arquitetura. A biomassa de palmeiras juvenis pode ser estimada facilmente e com precisão com o diâmetro mínimo das ráquis das folhas a 30 cm de extensão. A biomassa de palmeiras adultas pode ser estimada com base na altura do tronco lenhoso, também relativamente de fácil medição em campo. A biomassa foliar das palmeiras adultas foi em media 31,7% da biomassa aérea, porém houve uma alta variação e, portanto, somente pode ser estimada indiretamente através da relação entre a razão madeira:folha e biomassa aérea total. Os teores de carbono no babaçu apresentaram baixa variação, sem diferenças sistemáticas em relação ao tamanho ou estágio de crescimento, o que aponta à aplicabilidade geral dos valores 42.5% C para troncos, 39.8% C para folhas. Em conseqüência do limitado crescimento secundário do diâmetro inerente de palmeiras, não houve relação do diâmetro de tronco com a altura e a biomassa das palmeiras adultas. Observou-se que o afilamento do caule diminui com o aumento da altura das palmeiras, o que é parcialmente compensado pelo incremento da densidade de madeira em troncos quase-cilíndricos. No entanto, a altura máxima do babaçu, de cerca de 30 metros, aparentemente está definida por limitações na estabilidade mecânica. Todas as relações alométricas aqui descritas são independentes da idade da vegetação, indicando a aplicabilidade geral das relações encontradas

β-Amino-n-butyric Acid Regulates Seedling Growth and Disease Resistance of Kimchi Cabbage

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Yeong Chae Kim

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Non-protein amino acid, β-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA, has been involved in diverse physiological processes including seedling growth, stress tolerance and disease resistance of many plant species. In the current study, treatment of kimchi cabbage seedlings with BABA significantly reduced primary root elongation and cotyledon development in a dose-dependent manner, which adverse effects were similar to the plant response to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA application. BABA was synergistically contributing ABA-induced growth arrest during the early seedling development. Kimchi cabbage leaves were highly damaged and seedling growth was delayed by foliar spraying with high concentrations of BABA (10 to 20 mM. BABA played roles differentially in in vitro fungal conidial germination, mycelial growth and conidation of necrotroph Alternaria brassicicola causing black spot disease and hemibiotroph Colletotrichum higginsianum causing anthracnose. Pretreatment with BABA conferred induced resistance of the kimchi cabbage against challenges by the two different classes of fungal pathogens in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that BABA is involved in plant development, fungal development as well as induced fungal disease resistance of kimchi cabbage plant.

Sample (S): SE57_S08 [Metabolonote[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available SE57_S08 Lotus japonicus (accessions B129 gifu and MG20 miyakojima) Lotus japonicus... NCBI taxonomy:34305 Lotus japonicus accessions were a gift from Dr. Toshio Aoki (Nihon University, Japan). ...

Optimizing chemically induced resistance in tomato against Botrytis cinerea

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Luna, Estrella; Beardon, Emily G; Ravnskov, Sabine

2016-01-01

repressed plant growth at higher concentrations of the chemicals, which was particularly pronounced in hydroponically grown plants after BABA treatment. Both seed coating with BABA, and seedling treatments with BABA or JA, did not affect AMF root colonization in soil-grown tomato. Our study has identified...

The Influence of Sa’di’s Gulistan on the Translation of Adventures of Haji Baba of Ispahan

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S Jamali

2014-11-01

Full Text Available In the translation of Adventures of Haji Baba of Ispahan, Mirza Habib Isfahani has transferred the heritage of traditional Persian writing to the modern fiction writing. Mirza Habib method in this translation in which different texts are present is as if previous texts are playing in an orchestra in this last flame of traditional prose. Amongst such texts, Sa’di’s works, especailly Gulistan, have a prominent presence. Thus, the authors of this article aim to explore intertextual relations of this work with Gulistan on the basis of Gerard Genette theory of transtextuality in three levels of explicit intertextualit, covert intertextuality (implicit and connotative intertextuality as well as hypertextuality. The references of this translation to Gulistan and Mirza Habib’s borrowings from this work reveal the role of Sa’di’s language and expressive style in the formation of Mirza Habib’s method of writing and style. Such an attitude is, indeed, a response to the hypothesis that whether contemporary prose can be considered as the sequence of traditional prose and linguistic and expressive links of classic texts with contemporary texts can be identified or not.

β-aminobutyric acid mediated drought stress alleviation in maize (Zea mays L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Shaw, Arun K; Bhardwaj, Pardeep K; Ghosh, Supriya; Roy, Sankhajit; Saha, Suman; Sherpa, Ang R; Saha, Samir K; Hossain, Zahed

2016-02-01

The present study highlights the role of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in alleviating drought stress effects in maize (Zea mays L.). Chemical priming was imposed by pretreating 1-week-old plants with 600 μM BABA prior to applying drought stress. Specific activities of key antioxidant enzymes and metabolites (ascorbate and glutathione) levels of ascorbate-glutathione cycle were studied to unravel the priming-induced modulation of plant defense system. Furthermore, changes in endogenous ABA and JA concentrations as well as mRNA expressions of key genes involved in their respective biosynthesis pathways were monitored in BABA-primed (BABA+) and non-primed (BABA-) leaves of drought-challenged plants to better understand the mechanistic insights into the BABA-induced hormonal regulation of plant response to water-deficit stress. Accelerated stomatal closure, high relative water content, and less membrane damage were observed in BABA-primed leaves under water-deficit condition. Elevated APX and SOD activity in non-primed leaves found to be insufficient to scavenge all H2O2 and O2 (·-) resulting in oxidative burst as evident after histochemical staining with NBT and DAB. A higher proline accumulation in non-primed leaves also does not give much protection against drought stress. Increased GR activity supported with the enhanced mRNA and protein expressions might help the BABA-primed plants to maintain a high GSH pool essential for sustaining balanced redox status to counter drought-induced oxidative stress damages. Hormonal analysis suggests that in maize, BABA-potentiated drought tolerance is primarily mediated through JA-dependent pathway by the activation of antioxidant defense systems while ABA biosynthesis pathway also plays an important role in fine-tuning of drought stress response.

Shanghai biennaal / Maria-Kristiina Soomre

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soomre, Maria-Kristiina, 1978-

2001-01-01

2000. a. III Shanghai biennaalil osales 30 kohalikku ja 30 kutsutud välismaa kunstnikku. Väliskuraatorid - Hou Hanru Prantsusmaalt, Toshio Shimizu Jaapanist. Eksponeeriti esmakordselt video- ja installatsioonikunsti. Näitusele mittepääsenute väljapanekutest.

DL-β-aminobutyric acid-induced resistance in soybean against Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae.

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Yunpeng Zhong

Full Text Available Priming can improve plant innate capability to deal with the stresses caused by both biotic and abiotic factors. In this study, the effect of DL-β-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA against Aphis glycines Matsumura, the soybean aphid (SA was evaluated. We found that 25 mM BABA as a root drench had minimal adverse impact on plant growth and also efficiently protected soybean from SA infestation. In both choice and non-choice tests, SA number was significantly decreased to a low level in soybean seedlings drenched with 25 mM BABA compared to the control counterparts. BABA treatment resulted in a significant increase in the activities of several defense enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, peroxidase (POX, polyphenol oxidase (PPO, chitinase (CHI, and β-1, 3-glucanase (GLU in soybean seedlings attacked by aphid. Meanwhile, the induction of 15 defense-related genes by aphid, such as AOS, CHS, MMP2, NPR1-1, NPR1-2, and PR genes, were significantly augmented in BABA-treated soybean seedlings. Our study suggest that BABA application is a promising way to enhance soybean resistance against SA.

The Life of the Mind: A Tribute to Three Professors.

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Yamamoto, Kaoru

2000-01-01

This speech by a distinguished scholar in educational psychology recounts, with appreciation, his educational experiences under three distinguished professors: Toshio Maki, his undergraduate thesis supervisor in Japan; E. Paul Torrance, the prominent educational psychologist; and C. Gilbert Wrenn, his doctoral advisor. (DB)

Challenges to Malaysia’s National Security

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1990-04-09

royal regatta escorted by loyal Chinese warriors and accompanied by charming maids.4 This event was the beginning of the present " Baba and Nyonya ...Century there were two distinct groups of Chinese in Malaya. One consisted of the Baba - Nyonya or Straits Chinese, born and lived for the most part in...the Straits Settlements of Melaka and Penang Island, where their ancestors had come to enjoy the British law and order. The Babas (males) and the

vacA s1m1 genotype and cagA EPIYA-ABC pattern are predominant among Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mexican patients with chronic gastritis.

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Atrisco-Morales, Josefina; Martínez-Santos, Verónica I; Román-Román, Adolfo; Alarcón-Millán, Judit; De Sampedro-Reyes, José; Cruz-Del Carmen, Iván; Martínez-Carrillo, Dinorah N; Fernández-Tilapa, Gloria

2018-03-01

Virulent genotypes of Helicobacter pylori vacA s1m1/cagA + /babA2 + have been associated with severe gastric diseases. VacA, CagA and BabA are polymorphic proteins, and their association with the disease is allele-dependent. The aims of this work were: (i) to determine the prevalence of H. pylori by type of chronic gastritis; (ii) to describe the frequency of cagA, babA2 and vacA genotypes in strains from patients with different types of chronic gastritis; (iii) to characterize the variable region of cagA alleles. A total of 164 patients with chronic gastritis were studied. Altogether, 50 H. pylori strains were isolated, and the status of cagA, babA2 and vacA genotypes was examined by PCR. cagA EPIYA segment identification was performed using PCR and sequencing of cagA fragments of six randomly selected strains.Results/Key findings. The overall prevalence of H. pylori was 30.5 %. Eighty percent of the isolated strains were vacA s1m1, and the cagA and babA2 genes were detected in 74 and 32 % of the strains, respectively. The most frequent genotypes were vacA s1m1/cagA + /babA2 - and vacA s1m1/cagA + /babA2 + , with 40 % (20/50) and 28 % (14/50), respectively. In cagA + , the most frequent EPIYA motif was -ABC (78.4 %), and EPIYA-ABCC and -ABCCC motifs were found in 10.8 % of the strains. A modified EPIYT-B motif was found in 66.6 % of the sequenced strains. H. pylori strains carrying vacA s1m1, cagA + and babA2 - genotypes were the most prevalent in patients with chronic gastritis from the south of Mexico. In the cagA + strains, the EPIYA-ABC motif was the most common.

Galatheoid squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura from Korean waters

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Jung Nyun Kim

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Ten species of Galatheoidea (squat lobsters, belonging to two families, were collected in the Korean exclusive economic zone: Galathea balssi Miyake and Baba, 1964, Galathea orientalis Stimpson, 1858, Galathea pubescens Stimpson, 1858, and Galathea rubromaculata Miyake and Baba, 1967 belonging to Galatheidae; Bathymunida brevirostris Yokoya, 1933, Cervimunida princeps Benedict, 1902, Munida caesura Macpherson and Baba, 1993, Munida japonica Stimpson, 1858, Munida pherusa Macpherson and Baba, 1993, and Paramunida scabra (Henderson, 1885 belonging to Munididae. The present study comprises the morphological description of these ten species, including drawings and color photographs, a brief review of their regional records, and a key for their identification. Although all species are common in Japanese waters, G. balssi, G. rubromaculata, B. brevirostris, C. princeps, M. caesura, and M. pherusa are new to Korean marine fauna.

A comparative study of postoperative pain for open thyroidectomy versus bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy using a self-reporting application for iPad.

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Chai, Young Jun; Song, Junho; Kang, Jiyoung; Woo, Jung-Woo; Song, Ra-Yeong; Kwon, Hyungju; Kim, Su-Jin; Choi, June Young; Lee, Kyu Eun

2016-05-01

Postoperative pain for robotic thyroid surgeries including bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) has not been well studied. In this study, we have developed a self-reporting application (SRA) for iPad and prospectively collected pain scores from open thyroidectomy (OT) and BABA robotic thyroidectomy (RT) patients. Female patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma were included. Patients recorded pain scores for throat, anterior neck, posterior neck, chest, and back on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3. Once discharged, on postoperative day 14, a survey was also conducted on satisfaction of SRA and cosmesis. A total of 54 patients were enrolled (27 BABA RT and 27 OT). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative complication rates. Postoperative pain scores at days 1, 2, 3, and 14 were not significantly different between the groups for throat, anterior neck, posterior neck, or back. Postoperative analgesic requirements were similar between the 2 groups. Wound satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the BABA RT group (BABA RT 7.4 vs. OT 5.7; P = 0.016). Satisfaction scores for the usefulness of SRA were above 7.2 for all four questionnaire items on the 10-point scale. Postoperative pain for BABA RT is equivalent to OT but offers greater cosmetic satisfaction for patients. A mobile device application such as SRA may facilitate proper assessment and management of pain in postoperative patients.

Japanese Ground Forces Order of Battle Bulletins (7 April - 2 June 1945) Part 1

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1945-01-01

Narumi (49) ISHII Mas’ayoshi (121) . ( ISHII Shiro (99) ISHIKAWA Megumu (—). 10/41 8/59 INAMURA Toyojiro (60) 12/40 INOUE Fumio (100) 8/48 8/41...MGHITA Ncrimasa (~) ,• MORXTAMA Tokuaitsu (131) MQTOlzttel Kaoru {116) MOTOYOSHI* KeisiSr6iilbb)3 a’ MUKAI Xinjiro (95)-^\\s) :- HURAJI Toshio 144

Comparison of Bilateral Axillo-Breast Approach Robotic Thyroidectomy with Open Thyroidectomy for Graves' Disease.

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Kwon, Hyungju; Yi, Jin Wook; Song, Ra-Yeong; Chai, Young Jun; Kim, Su-jin; Choi, June Young; Lee, Kyu Eun

2016-03-01

There is an ongoing debate about whether robotic thyroidectomy (RT) is appropriate for Graves' disease. The aim of this study was to compare the safety of bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) RT with that of open thyroidectomy (OT) in patients with Graves' disease. From January 2008 to June 2014, 189 (44 BABA RT and 145 OT) patients underwent total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Recurrence of Graves' disease, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, and complication rates including recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy and hypoparathyroidism were analyzed between BABA RT and OT groups, after propensity score matching according to age, gender, body mass index, surgical indication, the extent of operation, excised thyroid weight, and follow-up period. No patient experienced recurrence of Graves' disease after median follow-up of 35.0 months. Intraoperative blood loss (151.8 ± 165.4 mL vs. 134.5 ± 75.4 mL; p = 0.534) and hospital stay (3.4 ± 0.7 day vs. 3.3 ± 0.7 day; p = 0.564) were not different between BABA RT and OT groups. Complication rates including transient RLN palsy (11.4 vs. 11.4%; p = 1.000), transient hypoparathyroidism (18.2 vs. 20.5%; p = 0.787), permanent RLN palsy (0 vs. 2.3%; p = 0.315), and permanent hypoparathyroidism (2.3 vs. 2.3%; p = 1.000) were also comparable between groups. BABA RT for Graves' disease showed comparable surgical completeness and complications to conventional OT. BABA RT can be recommended as an alternative surgical option for patients with Graves' disease who are concerned about cosmesis.

Plant perception of β-aminobutyric acid is mediated by an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Luna, E.; Van Hulten, M.; Zhang, Y.; Berkowitz, O.; López, A.; Pétriacq, P.; Sellwood, M.A.; Chen, B.; Burrell, M.; Van de Meene, A.; Pieterse, C.M.J.; Flors, V.; Ton, J.

2014-01-01

Specific chemicals can prime the plant immune system for augmented defense. β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) is a priming agent that provides broad-spectrum disease protection. However, BABA also suppresses plant growth when applied in high doses, which has hampered its application as a crop defense

Plant perception of β-aminobutyric acid is mediated by an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Luna, Estrella; van Hulten, Marieke; Zhang, Yuhua; Berkowitz, Oliver; López, Ana; Pétriacq, Pierre; Sellwood, Matthew A; Chen, Beining; Burrell, Mike; van de Meene, Allison; Pieterse, Corné M J; Flors, Victor; Ton, Jurriaan

Specific chemicals can prime the plant immune system for augmented defense. β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) is a priming agent that provides broad-spectrum disease protection. However, BABA also suppresses plant growth when applied in high doses, which has hampered its application as a crop defense

Asian-Pacific Papers. Occasional Papers Number 10.

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McCarthy, Brian, Ed.

Sixteen papers are presented. Topics covered include language teaching, discourse analysis, code switching, phonetics, language and cultural identity, and descriptive and comparative studies. All presenters were from the Asia-Pacific area of the world. Papers include: "The Baba Malay Lexicon: Hokkien Loanwords in Baba Malay" (Anne…

Propriedades da carne e perfil de ácidos graxos do pernil de catetos (Tayassu tajacu alimentados com torta de babaçu (Orbignya phalerata Meat properties and fatty acids profile of the ham of peccaries (Tayassu tajacu fed babassu (Orbignya phalerata meal

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N.I. Albuquerque

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Analisaram-se as propriedades da carne e o perfil de ácidos graxos do pernil de catetos alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes porcentagens de torta de babaçu, usada como fonte energética alternativa substituindo parte do milho na alimentação, em sistemas de produção em cativeiro. Avaliou-se o pernil de 12 animais quanto às suas propriedades - perda de peso ao cozimento, força de cisalhamento, pH e capacidade de retenção de água-, depois extraiu-se o óleo da carne e determinou-se o perfil dos ácidos graxos. Não foram observados efeitos (P>0,05 das porcentagens de torta de babaçu sobre as propriedades da carne; os ácidos graxos (AG insaturados, mono e poli-insaturados, foram encontrados em maior quantidade (51,6-57,8% que os ácidos graxos saturados (42,2-48,4% na carne do pernil. Baseando-se na teoria de que os AG poli-insaturados ingeridos na dieta humana são responsáveis pela redução nos níveis séricos de colesterol, sugere-se que a carne de catetos seja uma boa fonte alternativa de proteína.The meat properties and the fatty acids profile of the ham of peccaries ham fed diets with different levels of babassu meal, used as an alternative energy source substituting part of corn on feeding peccaries in captivity, were studied. The ham meats of 12 animals were evaluated on their properties: cooking losses, shear force, pH, and water holding capacity. After that, the meat oil was extracted to determine the fatty acids contents. No effects (P>0.05 of the babassu meal levels on the meat properties were observed. The unsaturated fatty acids, mono and polyunsaturated, were found in higher quantity than the saturated fatty acids in the ham meat of peccaries. Based on the theory that the polyunsaturated fatty acids ingested in the human diet are responsible for reduction of the seric levels of cholesterol, it can be suggested that the peccary meat is a good alternative source of protein.

The effect of D,L-β-aminobutyric acid on the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae (Apt.

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Anna Jarecka

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The effect of D,L-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA on the growth and development of the root system and the development of fusariosis on tulip bulbs cv. Apeldoorn infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae (F.ox.t. 218 was studied. The length and fresh weight of roots, the development of fusariosis on bulbs and the linear growth of mycelium of F.ox.t. 218 on PDA medium were measured. Preventively used BABA at a concentration of 100, 250 and 300 µg·cm-3 for soaking uncooled and cooled tulip bulbs greatly inhibited the development of fusariosis on the root system; the length and fresh weight of roots were similar to those of the bulbs not inoculated with F.ox.t. 218. At a concentration of 100 µg·cm-3;, BABA used for soaking bulbs limited the development of fusariosis on scales in about 50% and the concentration of 200 µg·cm-3 totally inhibited the disease symptoms induced by F.ox.t. 218. At a concentration of 100 - 1000 µg·cm-3, BABA did not inhibit the mycelium growth of F.ox.t. 17 and F.xo.t. 218 on PDA medium. This study suggests that BABA protects tulip roots and bulb scales against F. oxysporum f. sp. tulipae by inducing resistance in these organs and has no direct influence on the pathogen.

H. pylori clinical isolates have diverse babAB genotype distributions over different topographic sites of stomach with correlation to clinical disease outcomes

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Sheu Shew-Meei

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Intragenomic recombination between babA and babB mediates antigenic variations and may help H. pylori colonization. This study determined whether variable genotypes of babA and babB correlate to different clinical disease outcomes, and can distribute over the different gastric niches. Results This study enrolled 92 clinical strains (45 from peptic ulcer, 27 from gastritis, and 20 from gastric cancer to detect whether the babA and babB are at locus A or B by PCR reactions using the primers designed from the upstream and variable region of the babA and babB genes. Four genotypes of babA and babB (A B, AB B, A AB, AB AB were found. The distribution of the 4 genotypes in 92 clinical strains was significantly different among patients with different gastric diseases (p vs. 9.7%, p p p > 0.05. Besides, the study enrolled 19 patients to verify whether variable genotypes of babAB existed in the different gastric niches. Among the patients infected with more than one babAB genotypes over antrum and corpus, there were higher rate of genotypes as A B or AB AB in isolates from antrum than in those from corpus (75.0 % vs. 16.7%, p  Conclusions The H. pylori isolate with the AB AB genotype correlates with an increased gastric cancer risk, and colonize in an antrum predominant manner.

Fine tuning of reactive oxygen species homeostasis regulates primed immune responses in Arabidopsis.

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Pastor, Victoria; Luna, Estrella; Ton, Jurriaan; Cerezo, Miguel; García-Agustín, Pilar; Flors, Victor

2013-11-01

Selected stimuli can prime the plant immune system for a faster and stronger defense reaction to pathogen attack. Pretreatment of Arabidopsis with the chemical agent β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) augmented H2O2 and callose production after induction with the pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) chitosan, or inoculation with the necrotrophic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina. However, BABA failed to prime H2O2 and callose production after challenge with the bacterial PAMP Flg22. Analysis of Arabidopsis mutants in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (rbohD) or ROS scavenging (pad2, vtc1, and cat2) suggested a regulatory role for ROS homeostasis in priming of chitosan- and P. cucumerina-inducible callose and ROS. Moreover, rbohD and pad2 were both impaired in BABA-induced resistance against P. cucumerina. Gene expression analysis revealed direct induction of NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D (RBOHD), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase 1 (GSH1), and vitamin C defective 1 (VTC1) genes after BABA treatment. Conversely, ascorbate peroxidase 1 (APX1) transcription was repressed by BABA after challenge with chitosan or P. cucumerina, probably to provide a more oxidized environment in the cell and facilitate augmented ROS accumulation. Measuring ratios between reduced and oxidized glutathione confirmed that augmented defense expression in primed plants is associated with a more oxidized cellular status. Together, our data indicate that an altered ROS equilibrium is required for augmented defense expression in primed plants.

Frequency of Helicobacter pylori blood-group antigen-binding adhesion 2 and sialic acid binding adhesion genes among dyspeptic patients in Tabriz, Iran

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Leila Yousefi

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The purpose of this research was to analyze blood-group antigen-binding adhesion (babA2 and sialic acid binding adhesion (sabA genotypes status in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori isolates and their relationship with clinical outcomes. Methods: Gastric biopsy specimens were homogenized and placed in Brucella agar medium supplemented with 5% sheep blood and 3 antibiotics and were cultured at 37 °C under microaerophilic conditions and incubated for 4-7 days. H. pylori was identified by typical morphology, gram-staining and urease tests, and babA2 and sabA genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR. Results: From a total of 100 H. pylori isolates; babA2 and sabA genes were detected in 23.0 and 26.4%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between these genes and clinical outcomes (P < 0.050. Conclusion: We found that the babA2 status was not related to clinical outcomes in Tabriz, Iran. However, sabA was a promoting determinant for disease, and multivariate analysis disclosed sabA to be an independent marker of non-ulcer diseases in our subjects.

Üniversite öğrencilerinde ebeveyn kabulü ile psikolojik uyum arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

OpenAIRE

KAVAK, Güler

2013-01-01

Bu çalışmada, alanyazında yer alan anne-baba kabul/reddi vepsikolojik uyum değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin, kuramsal tartışmalar ve varolan araştırmalar ışığında bir yapısal model bağlamında test edilmesiamaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca, anne-baba kabul/reddi ile psikolojik uyumdeğişkenlerinin cinsiyet ve anne-baba eğitim durumuna göre değişipdeğişmediği de incelenmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak, katılımcıların annelerinden vebabalarından algıladıkları kabul/reddin psikolojik uyumu yord...

Parents’ lived experience of providing kangaroo care to their preterm infants

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Angela Leonard

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Premature and low birthweight infants pose particular challenges to health services in South Africa. While there is good evidence to demonstrate the benefits of kangaroo care in low birthweight infants, limited research has been conducted locally on the experiences of parents who provide kangaroo care to their preterm infants. This phenomenological study explores the lived experience of parents who provided their preterm infants with kangaroo care at a tertiary-level maternity centre in the Western Cape. In-depth interviews were conducted with six parents: four mothers and two fathers. Data was analysed using an adaptation of the approaches described by Colaizzi (1978:48-71 and Hycner (1985:280-294. To ensure trustworthiness, the trustworthiness criteria described by Guba and Lincoln (1989:242-243 were applied. Kangaroo care is a phased process, each phase bringing a unique set of experiences. The eight themes that emerged are described: unforeseen, unprepared and uncertain - the experience of birth; anxiety and barriers; an intimate connection; adjustments, roles and responsibilities; measuring success; a network of encouragement and support; living-in challenges; and living with the infant outside of hospital. Challenges facing health care providers are described and recommendations for information about kangaroo care and support for parents are made. Opsomming Vroeggebore babas en babas met ’n lae geboortegewig stel besondere uitdagings vir Suid-Afrikaanse gesondhiedsdienste. Daar bestaan goeie bewyse dat die kangaroesorgmetode voordelig is vir babas met ’n laegeboortegewig, dog is minimale plaaslike navorsing gedoen oor die ondervindinge van ouers wat hierdie metode gebruik om vir hul vroeggebore babas te sorg. Hierdie fenomenologiese studie verken die geleefde ervaringe van ouers wat vir hulle vroeggebore babas deur middel van die kangaroesorgmetode in ’n tersiêre kraamsentrum in die Weskaap gesorg het. Data is ingesamel deur in

New species and new records of deepwater munidid squat lobsters from north-western Australia: Onconida, Bathymunida, Crosnierita, Plesionida and Torbenella.

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Ahyong, Shane T; Taylor, Joanne; Mccallum, Anna W

2013-11-04

Seven species of Munididae are reported from the continental margin of north-western Australia. Three species are new to science: Crosnierita adela sp. nov., Onconida ariel sp. nov. and Plesionida aurelia sp. nov., each presently known only from Western Australia. Four species are reported for the first time from Australian waters, Bathymunida balssi Van Dam, 1838, Bathymunida dissimilis Baba & de Saint Laurent, 1996, Crosnierita yante (Macpherson, 1994) and Torbenella orbis (Baba, 2005). Keys to the world species of the genera represented are provided.

Baba et al (2)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Timade VENTURE

temperatures (ranging from 300 - 600 C) and particle sizes (ranging from 0.09 - 0.6 mm) were studied on the waste egg-shells. The as-heated powders and processed powders were characterized by photomicrographic analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive.

Screening natural libraries of human milk oligosaccharides against lectins using CaR-ESI-MS.

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El-Hawiet, Amr; Chen, Yajie; Shams-Ud-Doha, Km; Kitova, Elena N; Kitov, Pavel I; Bode, Lars; Hage, Naim; Falcone, Franco H; Klassen, John S

2018-01-15

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) afford many health benefits to breast-fed infants, such as protection against infection and regulation of the immune system, through the formation of non-covalent interactions with protein receptors. However, the molecular details of these interactions are poorly understood. Here, we describe the application of catch-and-release electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CaR-ESI-MS) for screening natural libraries of HMOs against lectins. The HMOs in the libraries were first identified based on molecular weights (MWs), ion mobility separation arrival times (IMS-ATs) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) fingerprints of their deprotonated anions. The libraries were then screened against lectins and the ligands identified from the MWs, IMS-ATs and CID fingerprints of HMOs released from the lectin in the gas phase. To demonstrate the assay, four fractions, extracted from pooled human milk and containing ≥35 different HMOs, were screened against a C-terminal fragment of human galectin-3 (hGal-3C), for which the HMOs specificities have been previously investigated, and a fragment of the blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA) from Helicobacter pylori, for which the HMO specificities have not been previously established. The structures of twenty-one ligands, corresponding to both neutral and acidic HMOs, of hGal-3C were identified; all twenty-one were previously shown to be ligands for this lectin. The presence of HMO ligands at six other MWs was also ascertained. Application of the assay to BabA revealed nineteen specific HMO structures that are recognized by the protein and HMO ligands at two other MWs. Notably, it was found that BabA exhibits broad specificity for HMOs, and recognizes both neutral HMOs, including non-fucosylated ones, and acidic HMOs. The results of competitive binding experiments indicate that HMOs can interact with BabA at previously unknown binding sites. The affinities of eight purified HMOs for BabA were

Mothers’ access to supportive hospital services after the loss of a baby through stillbirth or neonatal death

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J Conry

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Every year, 3-5% of pregnant mothers in South Africa lose their babies to a stillbirth or neonatal death. These mothers need adequate services to prevent complications in their grieving process. Most of these babies are lost in hospital settings, so the treatment medical staff provide is vital. This study examined mothers’ experiences of accessing hospital, religious, formal and social services after a stillbirth or neonatal death. An exploratory research design was used to conduct applied research. A semi-structured interview schedule was used with a sample of 15 mothers who had lost a baby in the last 5 years. The findings were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The primary focus of this article is the quantitative findings relating to hospital services. The sample was small and these results cannot be generalised, but some conclusions are reached and recommendations are made to service providers in hospitals working with mothers who have lost babies. Mothers generally experienced the support services from hospitals as inadequate, compared to what hospitals could offer. Mothers that receive support after the loss of a baby generally cope better. This support thus assists them in the grieving process. Hospital staff can be trained to provide these services. Opsomming In Suid-Afrika verloor 3-5% swanger moeders hulle babas deur stilgeboorte of neonatale dood. Hierdie moeders benodig voldoende dienste om komplikasies in die rouproses te verhoed. Die behandeling deur mediese personeel is uiters belangrik omdat die meeste van dié babas in ‘n hospitaalopset sterf. Hierdie studie het moeders se ervarings van die toeganklikheid van hospitaal-, godsdienstige, formele en sosiale dienste na die dood van hulle babas deur stilgeboorte of neonatale dood ondersoek. Toegepaste navorsing is met behulp van ‘n verkennende navorsingsontwerp gedoen. ‘n Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule is gebruik met ‘n steekproef van 15 moeders wat hulle

Verpleging van die Pasgebore baba

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A.M. Reynecke

1979-09-01

Full Text Available A practical stepwise approach to the prevention and management of the commoner immediate problems of the neonate are discussed. Emphasis is placed on mother and baby bonding, which should never be overlooked during nursing management. A suggested feeding regime, guidelines to fluid balance, temperature control and respiratory monitoring are described.

Helicobacter pylori bab characterization in clinical isolates from Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Bangladesh.

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Shamshul Ansari

Full Text Available Helicobacter pylori BabA is an important outer membrane protein that involves in the attachment to the gastric mucosa and enhances the virulence property of the bacterium. This study was aimed to characterize the bab genotypes, to evaluate its association with cagA, vacA and clinical diseases as well as degree of gastric inflammation.H. pylori isolates from four countries were subjected for the characterization of bab. The locus specific forward and bab specific reverse primers were used to get the specific products by PCR, which could distinguish the three locus (A, B and C. The histological activities were evaluated according to the Updated Sydney system.In patients from high risk countries (Bhutan and Myanmar relatively higher frequencies of strains with babA-positivity (91.8% and 90.7%, respectively, babA at locus A (98% and 91.2%, respectively and with single babA (96.8% and 91.2%, respectively were found. Strains with two loci occupied were the most prevalent in Bhutan (84.6%, Myanmar (74.7%, Nepal (58.3% and Bangladesh (56.9%. The genotype babA at locus A/babB at locus B/bab-negative at locus C (babA/babB/- was the most common genotype isolated from Bhutan (82.7%, Myanmar (58.7%, Nepal (32% and Bangladesh (31.4% among all genotypes assessed. This genotype was also associated with the peptic ulcer disease (P = 0.013 when compared to gastritis. babA-positive characteristics and the genotype babA/babB/- exhibited the enhanced histological activities.The higher prevalence of virulence associated babA-positive characteristics and enhanced histological activities in Bhutan than in Myanmar, Nepal and Bangladesh might partly explain why the peoples in Bhutan are at higher risk for developing severe gastric complications.

Helicobacter pylori bab characterization in clinical isolates from Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Bangladesh.

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Ansari, Shamshul; Kabamba, Evariste Tshibangu; Shrestha, Pradeep Krishna; Aftab, Hafeza; Myint, Thein; Tshering, Lotay; Sharma, Rabi Prakash; Ni, Nwe; Aye, Than Than; Subsomwong, Phawinee; Uchida, Tomohisa; Ratanachu-Ek, Thawee; Vilaichone, Ratha-Korn; Mahachai, Varocha; Matsumoto, Takashi; Akada, Junko; Yamaoka, Yoshio

2017-01-01

Helicobacter pylori BabA is an important outer membrane protein that involves in the attachment to the gastric mucosa and enhances the virulence property of the bacterium. This study was aimed to characterize the bab genotypes, to evaluate its association with cagA, vacA and clinical diseases as well as degree of gastric inflammation. H. pylori isolates from four countries were subjected for the characterization of bab. The locus specific forward and bab specific reverse primers were used to get the specific products by PCR, which could distinguish the three locus (A, B and C). The histological activities were evaluated according to the Updated Sydney system. In patients from high risk countries (Bhutan and Myanmar) relatively higher frequencies of strains with babA-positivity (91.8% and 90.7%, respectively), babA at locus A (98% and 91.2%, respectively) and with single babA (96.8% and 91.2%, respectively) were found. Strains with two loci occupied were the most prevalent in Bhutan (84.6%), Myanmar (74.7%), Nepal (58.3%) and Bangladesh (56.9%). The genotype babA at locus A/babB at locus B/bab-negative at locus C (babA/babB/-) was the most common genotype isolated from Bhutan (82.7%), Myanmar (58.7%), Nepal (32%) and Bangladesh (31.4%) among all genotypes assessed. This genotype was also associated with the peptic ulcer disease (P = 0.013) when compared to gastritis. babA-positive characteristics and the genotype babA/babB/- exhibited the enhanced histological activities. The higher prevalence of virulence associated babA-positive characteristics and enhanced histological activities in Bhutan than in Myanmar, Nepal and Bangladesh might partly explain why the peoples in Bhutan are at higher risk for developing severe gastric complications.

Use of some chemical inducers to improve wheat resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. Sp. Tritici

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Al-Maaroof Emad

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The effect of DL-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA, benzothiadiazole (BTH, indoleacetic acid (IAA and salicylic acid (SA on induced systemic resistance was investigated in moderately susceptible and susceptible wheat genotypes Tamuz-2 and AL-8/70 against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Resistance was characterized by reduced infection of yellow rust disease (Yrd. Changes in peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activities and in total phenolic compound content demonstrated that the resistance to Puccinia striiformis can be induced by BABA, BTH, IAA and SA in these two wheat genotypes. Further studies are needed before a practical method using many analogue compounds, such as potassium phosphate and biotic agent for Yrd resistance in wheat is developed.

Determinação de atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de plantas de uso popular como antiflamatório

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N. Caetano

Full Text Available Antimicrobial activities of “babaçu” (Orbignya martiana, “cardo santo” (Argemone mexicana, “mentrasto” (Ageratum conyzoides, “cavalinha” (Equisetum yeamalis and “terramicina” (Alternanthera brasiliana, used by Brazilian population as antiinflamatory medicine, were studied on Staphylococcus aureus. The freezer dried hydroalcoholic extracts solutions were tested for 7 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, which two of those are methicillin resistant (MRSA. The diffusion method on agar-agar, using holes technique, with tetracycline chlorydrate as standard. “Babaçu”, “cardo santo” and “terramicina” showed antimicrobial activity, within of those “terramicina” inhibited 6 strains, presenting zone inhibition of 22 mm compared to standard antibiotic (34 mm, except the seventh strain which was also tetracycline resistant.

115 - 121_Alafara

African Journals Online (AJOL)

USER

The effects of acid concentration, temperature and particle size on the dissolution rates of chalcopyrite ore have been investigated. Distribution of elements .... of acid solution through evaporation (Baba et al. 2009; Olanipekun, 1999).

2471-IJBCS-Article-Lamine Baba Moussa

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Revue documentaire sur les filières agricoles et le crédit vivrier au. Bénin : cas de la filière maïs. Rapport d'étude, 38p. Guèye MT, Seck D, Wathelet J-P, Lognay G. 2011. Lutte contre les ravageurs des stocks de céréales et de légumineuses au. Sénégal et en Afrique occidentale : synthèse bibliographique. Biotechnol.

adolescents with gastroduodenal disease

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Monika Maria Biernat

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in children and its consequences in adulthood can lead to serious complications, including in particular the development of gastric cancer. Our aim was to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of selected genes such as cagA, vacA, iceA, and babA2 determining pathogenicity of H. pylori strains and clinical outcome in children.Material and methods: The study was performed on H. pylori strains isolated from biopsies taken from 130 children and adolescents with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD, gastric and duodenal ulcers (PUD and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD. Genes such as cagA, vacA (allelic variants: s1/ s2, m1/m2, iceA (allelic variants: iceA1, iceA2 and babA2 were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR.Results: The cagA gene was detected in 79/130 (60.8% H. pylori isolates. The presence of the cagA gene was significantly associated with duodenal ulcer (p<0.05. The vacAs1/m1 genotype as more frequent in children with ulcers than in other groups, whereas the vacAs2/m2 genotype was more frequent in patients with gastritis and GERD. The iceA1, iceA2 and babA2 genes were present in 59/130 (45.4%, 27/130 (21% and 30/130 (23.1% of the strains, respectively. The vacAs1/cagA+ genotype was most frequently observed in strains isolated from children with PUD. The predominant genotype in children with NUD and GERD was vacAs2/cagA-/iceA1+/babA2-.Conclusion: The study showed a high incidence of strains with increased virulence, possessing cagA, vacAs1 and iceA1 genes in symptomatic children with H. pylori infection.

Hypersurface-homogeneous cosmological models with anisotropic ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

2016-12-05

Dec 5, 2016 ... 1Department of Mathematics, Baba Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology & Management, ... MS received 18 November 2015; revised 15 April 2016; accepted 6 May 2016; published online 5 December .... In principle,.

Pramana – Journal of Physics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Pramana – Journal of Physics; Volume 88; Issue 1 ... Universe with anisotropic dark energy, which isotropize for large time. ... Baba Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology & Management, Lucknow 227 105, India ...

Accidental sulphuric acid poisoning in a newborn | Abdulkadir ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Accidental sulphuric acid poisoning in a newborn. I Abdulkadir, L Hassan, F Abdullahi, FD Akeredolu, S Purdue, M Okpe, AM Sobowale, OA Adewumi, U Abdullahi, MA Onadiran, TT Sholadoye, S Baba, WN Ogala ...

Cartooning Humor: How Arabs are Laughably Derided in Animations

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Mohamed Belamghari

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Some animated movies use humor to capture the full attention of its audience. In so doing, the movie’s messages have become a great concern for many theorists and critics by virtue of the idea that a movie can be a repository of ideologies meant to construct a certain type of easy-going and noncritical audience. This paper, therefore, takes the example of Max Fleischer’s Popeye the Sailor Meets Ali Baba and his Forty Thieves (1937 and Robert Clampett’s Ali Baba Bound (1941 as its case studies aiming at spotting the different manifestations of humor, taking Arabs as its subject-matter, becoming a leaked ideology and taming the discourse that is amplified, manipulated, and delivered to the Western public in unwarrantable ways compared to the imagery of Westerners.

O USO DA FARINHA DE Orbignya speciosa NA FORMULAÇÃO DE ADESIVO PARA COMPENSADOS

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Vanessa Coelho Almeida

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of babaçu flour on urea-formaldehyde adhesive properties and compare it to the adhesives produced with wheat flour, which is the extender usually used for plywood production. An amount of 0, 10, 20 and 30 parts of extender per weight of the adhesive were added. Ammonium sulfate was used as catalyst, in the proportion of 1.5% on dry weight of solid content. The following properties of the adhesive were determined: viscosity, nonvolatile content, gel time, working life and pH. The babaçu flour presented similar properties to wheat flour. Both, in general, although contributed to the increase of the adhesives viscosity, reduced its reactivity, as increased pH value, gel time and working life.

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Nigerian agriculture still maintained peasant oriented economy that was prominent in the pre- ... demand (Baba, 2010). The Food and .... For the Linear functional form, the elasticity with respect to the production inputs was computed using the ...

Science World Journal - Vol 11, No 3 (2016)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Estimation of land surface temperature of Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria using landsat images · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Isa Zaharaddeen, Ibrahim I. Baba, Ayuba Zachariah, 36-42 ...

An exploration of student perceptions of the risks and protective ...

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opperwjj

uantwerpen.be. ..... creates (Corwin & Olafson, 1993; Schechter, Brunelli, Cunningham, Brown & Baba, 2002). Though issues of ..... system: data from the Teddy Bear Clinic. In L. Richter, A, ... Child Abuse & Neglect, 30(2), 127–143. Krueger, R.A. ...

THE USE OF Orbignya speciosa FLOUR IN PLYWOOD ADHESIVE MIX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vanessa Coelho Almeida

2014-03-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813340The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of babaçu flour on urea-formaldehyde adhesive properties and compare it to the adhesives produced with wheat flour, which is the extender usually used for plywood production. An amount of 0, 10, 20 and 30 parts of extender per weight of the adhesive were added. Ammonium sulfate was used as catalyst, in the proportion of 1.5% on dry weight of solid content. The following properties of the adhesive were determined: viscosity, nonvolatile content, gel time, working life and pH. The babaçu flour presented similar properties to wheat flour. Both, in general, although contributed to the increase of the adhesives viscosity, reduced its reactivity, as increased pH value, gel time and working life.

Kanuti gildi saalis toimub kuni 24. XI festival "Continental Breakfast Tallinn"

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Korraldajad: Anders Härm, Priit Raud. 4. XI Tellervo Kalleineni (Soome) performance "Lase mind/Let me". 5. XI Saralundeni (Sara Lunden, Rootsi) muusikaline performance "Sweet Beat Tour". 8. ja 9. XI esineb babaLAN (Vlado Gotvan Repnik, Sloveenia) multimeedia-performance'iga

Festivalipäevik Kanutist II / Anu Allas, Margit Tõnson, Margaret Tali

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Allas, Anu, 1977-

2005-01-01

Tallinnas Kanuti Gildi saalis kestab 2.-24. novembrini 2005 a. "Continental Breakfast" Tallinn ehk rahvusvaheline NU Performance festival. 9. novembril esineb BabaLAN (Vlado Gotvan Repnik, Sloveenia ) multimeedia-performance'iga. Eva Meyer Kelleri performance "Surm on kindel" (esitaja Irina Müller)

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ABEOLUGBENGAS

Stroke in children with sickle cell anaemia in Sokoto: a ten-year review. Jiya, N M, *Ahmad M M and Baba, J ... presentation and prompt management to improve the outcome. ..... Cases Gender Age at stroke (yr) Brain imaging findings. 1. M. 6.

Problems in Swahili Lexicography!

African Journals Online (AJOL)

(swahili-Russian Dictionary), Legere, Worterbuch Deutsch-Swahili (1990), Baba. Malaika, The Friendly Modern Swahili-Modern English Dictionary (1991) and. Bakhressa, Kamusi ya Maana na Matumizi (1992) (A Dictionary of Meaning and. Usage). Members of the lexicographical section of IKR have been involved in.

Edge states in gated bilayer-monolayer graphene ribbons and bilayer domain walls

Science.gov (United States)

Mirzakhani, M.; Zarenia, M.; Peeters, F. M.

2018-05-01

Using the effective continuum model, the electron energy spectrum of gated bilayer graphene with a step-like region of decoupled graphene layers at the edge of the sample is studied. Different types of coupled-decoupled interfaces are considered, i.e., zigzag (ZZ) and armchair junctions, which result in significant different propagating states. Two non-valley-polarized conducting edge states are observed for ZZ type, which are mainly located around the ZZ-ended graphene layers. Additionally, we investigated both BA-BA and BA-AB domain walls in the gated bilayer graphene within the continuum approximation. Unlike the BA-BA domain wall, which exhibits gapped insulating behaviour, the domain walls surrounded by different stackings of bilayer regions feature valley-polarized edge states. Our findings are consistent with other theoretical calculations, such as from the tight-binding model and first-principles calculations, and agree with experimental observations.

Ocean wave parameters estimation using backpropagation neural networks

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Mandal, S.; SubbaRao; Raju, D.H.

: the RPROP algorithm. San Francisco: ICNN; 1993. p. 586–591. [15] Demuth H, Beale M. Neural network toolbox for use with MATLAB, user guide. USA: The Math Works Inc.; 2000 (http://www.mathworks.com). [16] Baba M, Dattatri J. Ocean wave spectra off cochin...

Estimation of land surface temperature of Kaduna metropolis ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Estimation of land surface temperature of Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria using landsat images. Isa Zaharaddeen, Ibrahim I. Baba, Ayuba Zachariah. Abstract. Understanding the spatial variation of Land Surface Temperature (LST), will be helpful in urban micro climate studies. This study estimates the land surface temperature ...

Journal of Genetics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Genetics; Volume 96; Issue 4. Association of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms with clinical response to imatinib mesylate treatment among Malaysian chronic myeloid leukaemia patients. SITI MAZIRAS MAKHTAR AZLAN HUSIN ABDUL AZIZ BABA RAVINDRAN ANKATHIL.

Tshelovek bez litsa vtjanul BABa v ubiistvo

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Vene peaprokuratuuri esindajad küsitlesid Aleksandr Litvinenko surma asjus Londonis Boriss Berezovskit ja Ahmed Zakajevit. B. Berezovski oma vestlusest Vene uurijatega. Artiklis väidetakse, et telesaates "Vesti nedeli" avalikustatud Vene eriteenistuse endise kaastöötaja ülestunnistused viivad mõttele, et A. Litvinenko surma võib olla segatud B. Berezovski ise

1033-IJBCS-Article-Lamine Said Baba Moussa

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DR GATSING

1Centre de Recherches Agricoles Sud/Institut National des Recherches ... trois espèces de Pseudomonas, trois espèces de Streptomyces, huit espèces de Bacillus et ..... licheniformis ; B. lentus ; B. circulans et B. ..... asiciadas al cultivo del maiz. ... bacteria and their inoculation effects on growth and nitrogen uptake of crop ...

The CAFE Experiment: A Joint Seismic and MT Investigation of the Cascadia Subduction System

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-01

e.g., Schwalenberg et al., 2002). Pseudo-sections, which show a profile of apparent resistivity and phase interpolated over both period and distance...elements of the sensitivity matrix directly as a measure of how small model distortions affect the data ( Schwalenberg et al., 2002, Baba et al

Information Manager (The) - Vol 15, No 1-2 (2015)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The Adoption of Cloud Computing Technology for Library Services in the National Open University of Nigeria Library · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Okwoli Mercy Enefu, Dr Ezra S Gbaje, Dr Baba S Aduku, 22-32 ...

Theoretical improvements for luminosity monitoring at low energies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gluza, Janusz; Gunia, Michal [Uniwersytet Slaski, Katowice (Poland). Inst. of Physics and Chemistry of Metals; Riemann, Tord [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Zeuthen (Germany); Worek, Malgorzata [Bergische Univ., Wuppertal (Germany). Fachbereich Physik

2012-01-15

A comparison of theoretical results on NNLO leptonic and hadronic corrections to Bhabha scattering with the Monte Carlo generator BabaYaga rate at NLO used at meson factories is given. Complete NLO virtual corrections to the e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}{gamma} process are discussed.

Pramana – Journal of Physics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Author Affiliations. S D Katore1 S V Thakare2 K S Adhao3. PGTD of Mathematics, Rajsthan Aryan Mahavidyalaya, Washim 444 505, India; Department of Mathematics, Babasaheb Naik College of Engineering, Pusad 445 215, India; PGTD of Mathematics, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati 444 602, India ...

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Items 51 - 94 of 94 ... ... Information generation, access and utilization by rural dwellers for sustainable community development in Kwara State, Nigeria, Abstract PDF. Toyin Akeem Said, Baba Mohammed Sami'la. Vol 14, No 1-2 (2014), Information Resource Evaluation for Information Provision in University Libraries in the ...

Field Evaluation of Plant Defense Inducers for the Control of Citrus Huanglongbing.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jinyun; Trivedi, Pankaj; Wang, Nian

2016-01-01

Huanglongbing (HLB) is currently the most economically devastating disease of citrus worldwide and no established cure is available. Defense inducing compounds are able to induce plant resistance effective against various pathogens. In this study the effects of various chemical inducers on HLB diseased citrus were evaluated in four groves (three with sweet orange and one with mandarin) in Florida (United States) for two to four consecutive growing seasons. Results have demonstrated that plant defense inducers including β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTH), and 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA), individually or in combination, were effective in suppressing progress of HLB disease. Ascorbic acid (AA) and the nonmetabolizable glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DDG) also exhibited positive control effects on HLB. After three or four applications for each season, the treatments AA (60 to 600 µM), BABA (0.2 to 1.0 mM), BTH (1.0 mM), INA (0.1 mM), 2-DDG (100 µM), BABA (1.0 mM) plus BTH (1.0 mM), BTH (1.0 mM) plus AA (600 µM), and BTH (1.0 mM) plus 2-DDG (100 µM) slowed down the population growth in planta of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', the putative pathogen of HLB and reduced HLB disease severity by approximately 15 to 30% compared with the nontreated control, depending on the age and initial HLB severity of infected trees. These treatments also conferred positive effect on fruit yield and quality. Altogether, these findings indicate that plant defense inducers may be a useful strategy for the management of citrus HLB.

Effect of vegetation in reducing carbon monoxide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, J C

1977-01-01

Carbon monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion. Because almost all of this gas is produced by motor vehicles, it is considered to have a line rather than a stationary point source. Greatest concentrations of this lethal gas correspond to periods of peak traffic volume and congestion; therefore, there are two daily periods of maxima and minima. Carbon monoxide cannot be detected by sight or smell. For this reason, this gas is especially deadly. During the summer of 1975, a study involving carbon monoxide concentrations at selected sites in Sendai was undertaken in conjunction with an ongoing investigation of urban pollution under the directorship of Professor Toshio Noh of Tohoku University. This study was made possible by a grant from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. 5 references, 5 figures, 1 table.

Towards a corpus of South African English: corralling the sub-varieties

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Riette Ruthven

important step towards the creation of a truly representative large corpus of SAE and ... Census data which elicit information about home language do not tell .... ISAE has absorbed lexical items such as robot (traffic light), dagha (mud), baba- ..... used their access to existing social networks to identify other contributors to.

Identification de Staphylococcus aureus : est-il possible de réduire ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 janv. 2014 ... influencer la recherche de la staphylocoagulase libre ? 6027. Identification de Staphylococcus aureus : est-il possible de réduire le volume de plasma de lapin sans influencer la recherche de la staphylocoagulase libre ? Bankolé H.S., Dougnon T.V., Fiogbé E.P., Amoussou A.N., Baba-Moussa L.

Jean Bruller, dessinateur et illustrateur de la littérature coloniale pour la jeunesse de l’entre-deux-guerres : de Loulou chez les nègres (1929 à Baba Diène et Morceau-de-Sucre (1937

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nathalie Gibert-Joly

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Cet article vise à mettre en exergue l’évolution des prises de position contre le colonialisme du dessinateur Jean Bruller, futur écrivain Vercors (1902-1991, dans l’entre-deux-guerres. L’Appel des 121 que Vercors signa sans hésiter en 1960 pour clamer publiquement le droit à l'insoumission dans la guerre d'Algérie, son combat dès 1955 en faveur de l’indépendance de ce pays pourraient nous conduire à une interprétation rétrospective erronée, celle d’un homme et d’un mythe de la résistance anticolonialiste dès le début de l’entrée dans l’âge adulte et dans son parcours artistique vecteur de cette pensée. Les illustrations qu’il fournit pour la littérature de jeunesse de l’entre-deux-guerres, mais aussi l’une de ses créations personnelles prouvent au contraire que le dessinateur bascula d’une acceptation inconsciente à une interrogation critique du colonialisme du début des années vingt à la fin des années trente. De l’empan de Loulou chez les nègres à Baba Diène et Morceau-de-Sucre, nous distinguerons trois moments marqués par la publication d’ouvrages-clés pour comprendre la prise de conscience graduelle de Jean Bruller, visible dans ses choix collaboratifs comme dans les rapports entre le texte et ses dessins. Il est nécessaire de le situer dans un temps autant personnel qu’historique : celui d’un jeune homme dans un milieu éducatif et social donné, mais suffisamment attentif au monde pour avoir les moyens de s’en émanciper ; celui de l’artiste dans ses réalités symboliques et économiques, influencé par des réseaux de sociabilité correspondant à certains de ses idéaux ; celui d’artistes et d’écrivains qui s’interrogent, d’intellectuels qui prennent des positions de plus en plus tranchées au cours de ces années-là.

Catalog of Simulation Models and Wargames Used for Unit and Leader Training. Second Edition.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-01-01

149 SAS 155 -. I TAC SUPPRESSOR 181 xiv 77- TABLE 5 (continued) N’ NAME PAGE - TAM 187 TWX 205 WASGRAM 213 Other: Economi -l DROMEDARY 79 LOGISTICS...be an upgrade of WACE and BABAS as a computer-assisted mixed land and sea training simulation. DATE IMPLEMENTED: Prototype to be field tested, end of

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Baba, AA. Vol 7, No 1 (2010) - Articles Prune belly syndrome with pouch colon and absent dermatome. Abstract · Vol 7, No 2 (2010) - Articles Mechanical small bowel obstruction in children at a tertiary care centre in Kashmir Abstract · Vol 7, No 2 (2010) - Articles Undesended testis: How extensive should the work up be?

The species of Aplysia belonging to the subgenus Tullia Pruvot-Fol, 1933: On a generic character in statu nascendi

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Engel, H.; Eales, Nellie B.

1957-01-01

Mme PRUVOT-FOL, 1933, p. 400, established the subgenus Tullia for Aplysia juliana QUOY et GAIMARD, and 1934, p. 41 added other species of Aplysia with a distinct sucking disk at the end of the foot. Living animals have been figured and their variation has been described by BABA 1937a, p. 211, and

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Adeola, FA. Vol 5, No 1 (2007) - Articles Baba: Men and fatherhood in South Africa Abstract. ISSN: 1596-9231. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More about AJOL · AJOL's Partners · Terms and Conditions of Use · Contact AJOL · News. OTHER ...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 200 of 228 ... AA Elueze, OA Itiola, ME Nton. Vol 4, No 2 (2006), Preliminary petrogenetic study of some rocks from Gwoza area, NE Nigeria, Abstract. SA Baba, SI Abaa, SS Dada. Vol 11 (2013), Premières Données Microstructurales sur le Complexe Granito-Migmatitique de la Région De Nikki, Nebénin, Abstract.

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vol 24, No 1 (2016), Formes hémorragiques graves de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift: à propos de 5 cas, Abstract. Mohamed Lemine Ould Salem, Sidi El Wafi Ould Baba, Fatimetou Zahra Fall-Malick, Boushab Mohamed Boushab, Sidi Mohamed Ghaber, Abdelwedoud Mokhtar. Vol 20, No 1 (2015), Fournier gangrene: Rare ...

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Pam, K J. Vol 1, No 3 (2012) - Articles A Stylistic Reading of Shoneyin's The Secret Lives of Baba Segi's Wives Abstract PDF. ISSN: 2227-5460. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More about AJOL · AJOL's Partners · Terms and Conditions of Use ...

FARELO DE BABAÇU EM RAÇÕES PARA FRANGOS DE CORTE NA FASE FINAL: DESEMPENHO E AVALIAÇÃO ECONOMICA BABASSU MEAL IN FINISHING BROILERS FOODER: PERFOMANCE, CARCASS YIELD AND ECONOMICAL EVALUATION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Mello Lopes

2009-04-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado para avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de inclusão do farelo de babaçu (0, 3, 6 e 9 e 12% em dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja  para frangos de corte de 21 a 42 dias  de idade  sobre o desempenho produtivo, rendimento de carcaça e avaliação econômica. Alojaram-se trezentos frangos (machos e fêmeas, linhagem Hubbard, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (0, 3, 6 e 9 e 12% e cinco repetições de doze aves (seis de cada sexo por unidade experimental.  As rações experimentais foram isonutritivas. A inclusão de até 12% de farelo de babaçu nas dietas não prejudicou as variáveis de desempenho (consumo de ração, ganho diário de peso e conversão alimentar e não influenciou no peso aos 42 dias e no rendimento de carcaça (P>0,05. Entretanto, os resultados de receitas bruta e líquida refletem que o uso de farelo de babaçu pode ser vantajoso em períodos de entressafra do milho e da soja, permitindo-se incluir em até 6% nas dietas para frangos de corte dos 21 aos 42 dias de idade.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Babaçu, economia, frangos, produção.
The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different levels of  babassu meal inclusion (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% in diets with  corn and soybean meal for broilers of 21 to 42 days of age on the productive performance, carcass yield and economic evaluation. 300 Hubbard lineage broilers (both genders were accommodate and distributed in completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 3, 6 and 9 and 12% and five replicates of 12 animals (6 of each gender for experimental unit. The inclusion of up to 12% of babassu meal in the diets did not decrease the performance variables (ration consumption, weight daily gain and feed conversion, neither affecting the weight at 42 days of age and the carcass yield (P>0.05. However, the gross and net incomes reflect the use of babassu meal can be

Is the Sense of Community towards Participation in Tourism Development among the Minorities in Multiracial Countries the Same?

OpenAIRE

Nur Shahirah Mior Sharifuddin; Mohd Salehuddin Mohd Zahari; Muaz Aizuddin; Mohd Hafiz Hanafiah

2015-01-01

This paper investigates and compares the community support for tourism development between two groups of minority ethnic descendants in Malacca, Malaysia, namely the Baba-Nyonya and Portuguese. A descriptive research design using a quantitative method with self-reported and self-administered questionnaires through across-sectional approach was applied. Through the descriptive and inferential statistics, some significantly useful insights pertaining to the issue investigat...

Defense Response and Suppression of Phytophthora Blight Disease of Pepper by Water Extract from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Lentinula edodes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dae-Sun Kang

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The spent mushroom substrate (SMS of Lentinula edodes that was derived from sawdust bag cultivation was used as materials for controlling Phytophthora blight disease of pepper. Water extract from SMS (WESMS of L. edodes inhibited mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici, suppressed Phytophthora blight disease of pepper seedlings by 65% and promoted growth of the plant over 30%. In high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC analysis, oxalic acid was detected as the main organic acid compound in WESMS and inhibited the fungal mycelium at a minimum concentration of 200 mg/l. In quantitative real-time PCR, the transcriptional expression of CaBPR1 (PR protein 1, CaBGLU (β-1,3-glucanase, CaPR-4 (PR protein 4, and CaPR-10 (PR protein 10 were significantly enhanced on WESMS and DL-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA treated pepper leaves. In addition, the salicylic acid content was also increased 4 to 6 folds in the WESMS and BABA treated pepper leaves compared to water treated leaf sample. These findings suggest that WESMS of L. edodes suppress Phytophthora blight disease of pepper through multiple effects including antifungal activity, plant growth promotion, and defense gene induction.

A case of traumatic intracranial vertebral artery injury presenting with life-threatening symptoms

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Kishi S

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Seiji Kishi1, Kenji Kanaji2, Toshio Doi1, Tadashi Matsumura21Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Hospital, Kuramoto-cho Tokushima, 2Department of General Internal Medicine, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Otowachinji-cho Yamashina-ku Kyoto, JapanAbstract: Traumatic intracranial vertebral artery injury is a relatively rare but potentially fatal disease. We present a case of a 63-year-old man who presented with sudden onset of loss of consciousness after hitting his head. After immediate resuscitation, he showed quadriplegia and absence of spontaneous breathing. Brain and cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed an atlantoaxial subluxation, fractured C2 odontoid process, left vertebral artery occlusion, and bilateral extensive ischemia in the medulla oblongata and high cervical spinal cord. Digital subtraction angiography demonstrated left vertebral artery dissection just below the level of vertebral body C2.Keywords: vertebral artery dissection, brainstem infarction, bilateral spinal cord infarction, neck trauma

Technical specifications on the welding in fuel reprocessing plants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Karino, Motonobu; Uryu, Mitsuru; Matsui, N.; Nakazawa, Fumio; Imanishi, Makoto; Koizumi; Kazuhiko; Sugawara, Junichi; Tanaka, Hideo

1999-04-01

The past specifications SGN of the welding in JNC was reexamined for the reprocessing plants in order to further promote the quality control. The specification first concerns the quality of raw materials, items of the quality tests, material management, and qualification standards of the welders. It extends over details of the welding techniques, welding design, welding testings, inspection and the judgment standards. (H. Baba)

The Authority and Charismas of Jack Ma's Leadership

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

陈希

2014-01-01

Jack Ma is the top manager of Ali Baba group, with a strong leadership. He mixes autocratic leadership and charismatic leadership together. The powers he used are from his position, the reward system of the company and the charismas to gain his leading power. In addition, he uses his charismas and his achievements to win the trust of the employees, which develop his leadership.

Pramana – Journal of Physics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Multiplicity distributions and charged-neutral fluctuations. Tapan K Nayak M M Aggarwal A Agnihotri Z Ahammed A L S Angelis V Antonenko V Arefiev V Astakhov V Avdeitchikov T C Awes P V K S Baba S K Badyal A Baldine L Barabach C Barlag S Bathe B Tatiounia T Bernier K B Bhalla V S Bhatia C Blume R Bock E-M ...

USO DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DO MESOCARPO DO BABAÇU COMO PLATAFORMA PARA ANCORAGEM DE ENZIMAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BIOSSENSORES: UM MAPEAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO

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Ana Siqueira do Nascimento Marreiro Teixeira

2018-03-01

Full Text Available A imobilização de enzimas na construção de biossensores torna-se atraente pela capacidade enzimática de catalisar com grande eficiência, reações biológicas com alta sensibilidade e seletividade. A utilização de materiais nanoestruturados, tais como nanopartículas poliméricas, surge como alternativa para aumentar a eficiência da imobilização de enzimas. Dessa forma, surge o interesse na síntese de nanopartículas do mesocarpo do babaçu (Orbignya phalerata Mart, por se tratar de um biopolímero natural, atóxico, facilmente encontrado na região nordeste do País. Diante do relatado, o presente trabalho propõe um estudo prospectivo a respeito do desenvolvimento de um biossensor contendo a enzima polifenol oxidase como monocamada imobilizada, pela técnica de automontagem, sobre a superfície de nanoparticulas poliméricas geradas a partir do mesocarpo de babaçu para detecção de sulfitos em produtos alimentícios, visto que tais compostos são causadores de reações alérgicas em indivíduos que apresentam sensibilidade a este conservante. Para o mapeamento científico e tecnológico, foram realizadas buscas nas bases de periódicos Web of Science, Scopus e Scielo, e nos bancos de patentes INPI, Espacenet e USPTO, para todas patentes depositadas, e artigos publicados no período de 2005 a agosto 2016. A partir dos artigos e patentes analisados, constatou-se que os estudos relacionados ao mesocarpo de babaçu são escassos, sendo que o desenvolvimento de um biossensor para detecção de sulfito a base de nanopartículas poliméricas deste biopolímero como plataforma para a imobilização da enzima polifenol oxidase para pode ser bastante inovador, visto que não foram encontrados relatos na literatura com abordagem parecida.

The “Majmu al-tawarikh” as a Source on the History of the Jochid Ulus.

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Zh.M. Sabitov

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Research objective: To study information about the Golden Horde contained in a historical source called the “Majmu al-tawarikh” and to analyze the information found in that source about the lives of amirs and khans of the Golden Horde. Research materials: The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of published and unpublished sections of the “Majmu al-tawarikh” which have been translated. Results and novelty of the research: The “Majmu al-tawarikh” is a valuable source for the history of the Golden Horde. There are a number of anachronisms in the “Majmu al-tawarikh”, but it also contains unique and original information about the history of the Golden Horde. There are three copies of the source. The first copy (B 667 is stored at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. The second copy (№ 693 is stored in the Oriental department of St. Petersburg State University library. The third copy (№ 167a stored in the fund of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic (Bishkek. A translation in Kyrghyz of the third copy was published in 1996. This source contains unique information about the life and family of such khans of the Golden Horde as Toktamysh, Kara-Nogai, Pulad. This work contains stories about the lives of such amirs as Mamai (from the Kiyat tribe, Teginya (Tegin, Dekne from the Shirin tribe, Temir-khodzha (Dair-Khodzha and his son Kara-Khodzha from the Argyn tribe, Hussain Aq-Sufi from Kungirat tribe and his son Ak Nogai, Mamai from the Saray tribe, Baba Ali from the Khitai tribe, etc. Baba Ali from Khitai tribe was the main source of information for “Majmu al-tawarikh” about the Jochid ulus. He served Abd al-Kerim, the khan of Astrakhan, and the Khwarezm’s khan, Sultan-Ghazi. This same Baba Ali was also the informant of Ötemish-Hajji, who recorded stories about Tokhtamysh, Kara-Nogay and Hussain Aq-Sufi.

Desenvolvimento de colônias de abelhas com diferentes alimentos protéicos Development of honeybee colonies under protein diets

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Fábia de Mello Pereira

2006-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de produtos regionais do Nordeste na alimentação de colônias de abelhas (Apis mellifera, em um período de escassez de floradas. Foram fornecidas dietas às abelhas, contendo 20% de proteína bruta, à base de feno de mandioca (Manihot esculenta e farinha de vagem de algaroba (Prosopis juliflora, feno de mandioca e farelo de babaçu (Orbygnia martiana, farelo de babaçu e Purilac (sucedâneo para bezerros da marca Purina e pólen apícola de Palmae. As colônias foram analisadas quanto ao peso e às áreas de alimento e cria. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os tratamentos em relação às áreas de cria. Apesar de a pasta com pólen ser a mais consumida, este alimento mostrou conversão alimentar menor do que as demais dietas fornecidas. As colônias que receberam pasta de feno de mandioca com farelo de babaçu tiveram maior peso final. Todos os alimentos mostraram-se eficientes na manutenção das colônias.The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of some regional products of Brazil Northeast to feed Apis mellifera colonies. Diets with 20% of crude protein made of cassava hay (Manihot esculenta and mesquite pod meal (Prosopis juliflora, cassava hay and babassu bran (Orbygnia martiana, babassu bran and Purilac (succedaneous for calfskin from Purina and Palmae pollen were offered to the honeybees. Colonies were evaluated for weight gain, store area and brood area. There was no significant difference among the treatments in relation to the brood areas. Pollen treatment showed the highest intake but also showed the lowest food conversion. Beehives that received diet with cassava hay and babassu flour showed greater final weight gain. All diets were efficient in the maintenance of the colonies.

C-Reactive Protein in Healthy Adult Nigerians | Baba | Nigerian ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant produced in the liver in response to tissue injury or systemic inflammation, its release is stimulated by cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha). Elevated CRP levels have been linked to an increased risk of later development of diabetes ...

Profitability of Snail Production in Osun State,Nigeria | Baba ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study determined the features and profitability of snail farming in Osun State. To achieve the study objectives, 20 snail farmers each were randomly selected from Osogbo, Iwo and Ife-Ijesa townships, where majority of snail farmers in the State were located. Data collected from the farmers were analysed using ...

Die vroeë kommunikasieontwikkeling van 'n groep babas met ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Neonatal risk factors identified in the subjects were low birth weight and prematurity. Recurrent illnesses, abnormal middle ear functioning indicative of otitis ... early communication intervention services to infants with pediatric HIV / AIDS in ...

Caracterización histológica e histoquímica de la médula ósea de la baba (Caiman crocodilus crocodilus en hábitat silvestre | Histological and histochemical characterization of bone marrow of spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus crocodilus in a wildlife

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Eva Velásquez Bolívar

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Estudios en cocodrilos prometen una estrategia para desarrollar nuevos fármacos antimicrobianos y terapias inmunes en humanos. Se caracterizaron la histología e histoquímica de la médula ósea de la Baba Caiman crocodilus crocodilus en hábitat silvestre, en virtud de la importancia de esta como formadora de las series hematopoyéticas (serie roja, serie blanca y serie trombocítica. Se tomaron muestras de los huesos húmero y fémur para la descripción histológica de la médula ósea. Los cortes histológicos fueron teñidos con hematoxilina y eosina (H-E, tinción de Wilder y tinción tricrómica de Gomori. En la descripción morfológica de las series hematopoyéticas se empleó H-E y May-Grünwald-Giemsa; la histoquímica incluyó las tinciones ácido peryódico de Schiff (PAS y Sudán III. La médula ósea del húmero y fémur de la especie resultó ser un tejido conjuntivo hipercelular con irrigación abundante de vasos sanguíneos de pequeño calibre, con soporte de reticulina. El parénquima medular está constituido por las series hematopoyéticas; las células rojas maduran en islotes eritroblásticos. La granulopoyesis es un proceso ordenado y la serie linfoide madura en la médula ósea, siguiendo un proceso de diferenciación, en: linfoblastos, prolinfocitos y linfocitos maduros. Se evidenció un proceso denominado trombopoyesis, sin que se observaran megacarioblastos ni plaquetas. La tinción del PAS, identificó glucógeno con intensa positividad en el citoplasma de heterófilos en todos sus grados de maduración. Los eosinófilos mostraron una débil positividad, permitiendo la diferenciación de estos dos tipos celulares. La serie linfoide fue débilmente positiva a la tinción Sudán III, en todos sus grados de maduración.

Awareness and Prevalence of Mycotoxin Contamination in Selected Nigerian Fermented Foods

Science.gov (United States)

Njobeh, Patrick; Obadina, Adewale

2017-01-01

Fermented food samples (n = 191) including maize gruel (ogi), sorghum gruel (ogi-baba), melon seed (ogiri), locust bean (iru) and African oil bean seed (ugba) from Southwest Nigeria were quantified for 23 mycotoxins, including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and sterigmatocystin (STE) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The practices, perceived understanding and health risks related to fungal and mycotoxin contamination amongst fermented food sellers was also established. Data obtained revealed that 82% of the samples had mycotoxins occurring singly or in combination. FB1 was present in 83% of ogi-baba samples, whereas 20% of ugba samples contained AFB1 (range: 3 to 36 µg/kg) and STE was present in 29% of the ogi samples. In terms of multi-mycotoxin contamination, FB1 + FB2 + FB3 + STE + AFB1 + alternariol + HT-2 co-occurred within one sample. The awareness study revealed that 98% of respondents were unaware of mycotoxin contamination, and their education level slightly correlated with their level of awareness (p contaminated these food commodities, coupled with the poor perception of the population under study on fungi and mycotoxins, justifies the need to enact fungal and mycotoxin mitigation strategies along the food chain. PMID:29117141

KEPUASAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP KINERJA PENILIK (PA???PASIPATU) TERNAK KERBAU DI PASAR BOLU KECAMATAN TALLUNGLIPU KABUPATEN TORAJA UTARA

OpenAIRE

BURI, YUSRIANA

2007-01-01

Yusriana Buri (I 311 07 068). Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Kinerja Penilik (Pa???pasipatu) Ternak Kerbau di Pasar Bolu, Kecamatan Tallunglipu, Kabupaten Toraja Utara. Dibawah Bimbingan Dr. Ir. Palmarudi, SU sebagai Pembimbing Utama dan Dr. Syahdar Baba, S.Pt, M.Si sebagai Pembimbing Anggota. Pelaku pemasaran ternak kerbau di Toraja yaitu penjual, pedagang dan penilik (pa???pasipatu). Penjual adalah orang yang menjual ternak kerbau di pasar, pedagang adalah orang yang mencari ternak kerbau...

The Rise of Syria’s Urban Poor: Why the War for Syria’s Future Will Be Fought Over the Country’s New Urban Villages

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

the words rif and medina have developed not just geographic connotations, but social ones as well. The rif not only describes village farmers but...growing in. The poor farmers were bringing their customs… to cosmopolitan Aleppo. …They were turning their apartments into compact versions of their...opposition activity. Baba Amr, a slum of Homs adjacent to the orchards that once fed the city, is synonymous with the THE RISE OF SYRIA’S POOR

Increasing Maize Tolerance to Drought and Flood with Seed Coating Treatments

OpenAIRE

Bennett, Jacob E; Sanghi, Achint; Kingsly Ambrose, R. P.

2016-01-01

The lack of irrigation in regions prone to drought, and flooding due to high rainfall or lack of drainage affects seed viability and the subsequent germination and crop establishment. Seed treatment in the form of coatings shows promise as an effective method to preserve the viability of corn (Zea mays) seeds in drought and flood conditions. Chemical formulations may help improve the seed corn vigor under these stressed conditions. This study examined the efficacy of β-aminobutyric acid [BABA...

Correlation of Helicobacter pylori genotypes with gastric histopathology in the central region of a South-European country

OpenAIRE

Almeida, N; Donato, MM; Romãozinho, JM; Luxo, C; Cardoso, O; Cipriano, MA; Marinho, C; Fernandes, A; Sofia, C

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: Outcome of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection results from interaction of multiple variables including host, environmental and bacterial-associated virulence factors. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the correlation of cagA, cagE, vacA, iceA and babA2 genotypes with gastric histopathology and disease phenotype in the central region of a South-European country. METHODS: This prospective study involved 148 infected patients (110 female; mean age 43.5 ± 13.4...

Baba: Men and fatherhood in South Africa | Adeola | Gender and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

No Abstract. Gender and Behaviour Vol.5 (1) 2007: pp. 1188-1214. Full Text: EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT · http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gab.v5i1.23383 · AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More ...

Die belewenis van ouers met ’n siek premature baba

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M. E. van der Heyde

1993-03-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the experiences of the parents of an ill premature infant in order to identify the needs of the parents going through this potential crisis. As a result of the constant medical and technological progress the percentage of premature infants is continually increasing. It is therefore of vital importance that the nursing and other medical staff are made aware of the trauma that these parents experience. This will enable them in giving adequate support and accompaniment in the prevention of social pathology.

Amniotiese Bande by 'n Baba na Abdominale Swangerskap | du P ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A baby, delivered by Caesarean section after a 36-week extra-uterine pregnancy, with deformities due to amniotic bands, is described. The mechanism of amniotic band deformities and the paediatric risks of extra-uterine pregnancy are briefly discussed. S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 1106 (1974) ...

Calculation of wave resistance by using Kochin function in the Rankine source method; Rankinsosuho ni okeru kochin kansu wo mochiita zoha teiko keisan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yasukawa, H [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

In order to avoid negative wave resistance (which is physically incomprehensible) generated in calculating wave resistance by using the Rankine source method, a proposal was made on a wave resistance calculation method using the Kochin function which describes behavior of speed potential in regions far apart from a hull. The Baba`s condition was used as a free surface condition for the speed potential which expresses wave motions around a hull. This has allowed a new Kochin function which uses as unknown the speed potential on the hull surface and the free surface near the hull to be defined and combined with the Rankine source method. A comparison was made between the calculated values for wave resistance, hull subsidence and trim change of an ore transporting vessel (SR107 type of ship) in a fully loaded condition and the result of water tank tests. The wave resistance values derived from pressure integration have all become negative when the Froude number is from 0.1 to 0.2, while no negative resistance has appeared in the calculations by using the Kochin function, but the result has agreed with that of the water tank tests. Accuracy of the calculations at low speeds was improved. The trim change in the calculations was slightly smaller than that in the water tank tests. The subsidence showed a good agreement. 7 refs., 1 fig.

Efeito do extrato aquoso de Orbignya phalerata (babaçu na cicatrização do estômago em ratos: estudo morfológico e tensiométrico Effect of watery extract of Orbignya phalerata (babassu in the gastric healing in rats: morfologic and tensiometric study

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Clelma Pires Batista

2006-01-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A utilização de plantas na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças é prática milenar. O babaçu (Orbignya phalerata é uma palmeira nativa do meio norte do Brasil, tendo sua maior concentração no Estdo do Maranhão. O pó do mesocarpo do coco babaçu é popularmente conhecido como amido e tem sido usado como alimento e como medicamento por apresentar atividade antiinflamatória, imunomoduladora, analgésica e antipirética. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do extrato aquoso do mesocarpo de Orbignya phalerata na cicatrização do estômago em ratos, sob aspectos morfológico e tensiométrico. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos da linhagem Wistar, adultos, machos foram submetidos à incisão longitudinal de 1cm no corpo gástrico e síntese em plano único com pontos separados de polipropilene 6-0. Após este procedimento comum, os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, Orbignya (GO e Controle (GC, contendo 20 animais cada. No GO utilizou-se dose única intra-peritoneal de extrato aquoso da planta na dose de 50mg/kg e no GC, água destilada, 1ml/kg de peso. Cada grupo foi dividido em dois subgrupos de 10, conforme o dia da morte dos animais, nos 3° e 7° dias do período pós-operatório. Após a morte, foi realizado o inventário da cavidade abdominal e procedeu-se a retirada do estômago, com posterior avaliação tensiométrica e análise miccccroscópica. Na análise comparativa entre os dois grupos utilizou parâmetros macroscópicos e microscópicos da cicatrização. RESULTADOS: Não foram detectados abscessos, fístulas ou hematomas em nenhum animal. Houve aderências abdominais nos animais dos 3° e 7° dias do período pós-operatório nos dois grupos. Houve deiscência da gastrorrafia em um rato do sub-grupo GO morto no 3º dia. A resistência à insuflação de ar atmosférico foi maior no GC de três dias (p=0,087. A análise dos parâmetros histológicos demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significativa

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography might be useful for diagnosis of hepatic amyloidosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tawada A

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Akinobu Tawada,1 Tatsuo Kanda,1 Takashi Oide,2 Toshio Tsuyuguchi,1 Fumio Imazeki,1,3 Yukio Nakatani,2 Osamu Yokosuka11Department of Gastroenterology, 2Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Chiba University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan; 3Safety and Health Organization, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, JapanAbstract: We report on a woman with hepatic involvement of primary systemic (immunoglobulin light chain, AL amyloidosis. Her diagnosis was confirmed by liver biopsy. Clinical symptoms of hepatic amyloidosis are generally mild at its first stage, with most frequent findings being hepatomegaly and alkaline phosphatase elevation. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of systemic amyloidosis have made several treatments available. However, its prognosis is occasionally poor. Because liver biopsy is not always safe, other modalities for the diagnosis are needed. Of interest was that fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG uptake into the liver was observed, compared with that into the spleen, in this patient, indicating that FDG positron emission tomography and computed tomography might be useful for the diagnosis of hepatic amyloidosis with mild liver dysfunction.Keywords: amyloidosis, diagnosis, hepatic involvement, FDG PET

Bembidion (?Nipponobembidion ruruy sp. n., a new brachypterous ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae from Kunashir Island, Kuriles, Russia

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Kirill V. Makarov

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A new species, Bembidion (?Nipponobembidion ruruy sp. n., is described from the foot of Ruruy Volcano, Kunashir Island, Kuril Archipelago, Russia. It is only the second consubgener, being characterized by the reduced wings, the rounded elytral shoulders, and the backward position of the posterior supra-orbital pore. In this connection, the subgenus Nipponobembidion Habu & Baba, 1968 is rediagnosed and both of its species are keyed. It might have originated from Plataphodes Ganglbauer, 1891, possibly in relation to volcanic activities in the region.

On the tail behavior of a class of multivariate conditionally heteroskedastic processes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Rasmus Søndergaard; Wintenberger, Olivier

2017-01-01

Conditions for geometric ergodicity of multivariate autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) processes, with the so-called BEKK (Baba, Engle, Kraft, and Kroner) parametrization, are considered. We show for a class of BEKK-ARCH processes that the invariant distribution is regularly...... varying. In order to account for the possibility of different tail indices of the marginals, we consider the notion of vector scaling regular variation (VSRV), closely related to non-standard regular variation. The characterization of the tail behavior of the processes is used for deriving the asymptotic...

Efeito de óleos essenciais como alternativa no controle de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, em pimenta

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Rosa Maria Souto de Sousa

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Fungos do gênero Colletotrichum causam doenças conhecidas como antracnose. Métodos alternativos que sejam eficientes e menos agressivos vêm sendo amplamente testados. Dentre estes, surge o interesse pela utilização de óleos essenciais extraídos de vegetais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de óleos essenciais de eucalipto, copaíba, andiroba, babaçu, coco, neem, semente de uva, amêndoa, hortelã e pau rosa, em diferentes concentrações sobre o fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, in vitro e em frutos de pimenta em pós colheita. O experimento in vitro foi realizado utilizando-se cinco concentrações (0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8 e 1,0% dos dez óleos misturados ao meio de cultura BDA. As variáveis analisadas foram a taxa de crescimento micelial e o índice de velocidade de crescimento micelial (IVCM. O ensaio em pós-colheita foi feito com imersão dos frutos de pimenta por 5 minutos, nos mesmos óleos utilizados no experimento anterior, usando-se a maior concentração. O fungo C. gloeosporioides foi inoculado, através de ferimento, logo após a imersão dos frutos. As avaliações foram realizadas diariamente através de medição do diâmetro das colônias e das lesões, tomando-se duas medições em sentidos diametralmente opostos. Pode-se observar que no experimento in vitro todos os óleos, com exceção dos óleos de babaçu, semente de uva e amêndoa, tiveram excelentes resultados inibindo o crescimento do fungo. No resultado obtido em pós-colheita foi observado que apenas o óleo de babaçu não foi eficiente em reduzir o desenvolvimento da lesão de antracnose. Dados relevantes foram observados para os óleos de semente de uva e amêndoa, que não apresentaram efeito direto sobre o fungo in vitro, porém no tratamento pós-colheita apresentaram bons resultados, reduzindo a lesão causada por C. gloeosporioides, sugerindo assim que estes óleos possam ser utilizados como indutores de resistência em frutos

The cag PAI is intact and functional but HP0521 varies significantly in Helicobacter pylori isolates from Malaysia and Singapore.

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidt, H-M A; Andres, S; Nilsson, C; Kovach, Z; Kaakoush, N O; Engstrand, L; Goh, K-L; Fock, K M; Forman, D; Mitchell, H

2010-04-01

Helicobacter pylori-related disease is at least partially attributable to the genotype of the infecting strain, particularly the presence of specific virulence factors. We investigated the prevalence of a novel combination of H. pylori virulence factors, including the cag pathogenicity island (PAI), and their association with severe disease in isolates from the three major ethnicities in Malaysia and Singapore, and evaluated whether the cag PAI was intact and functional in vitro. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect dupA, cagA, cagE, cagT, cagL and babA, and to type vacA, the EPIYA motifs, HP0521 alleles and oipA ON status in 159 H. pylori clinical isolates. Twenty-two strains were investigated for IL-8 induction and CagA translocation in vitro. The prevalence of cagA, cagE, cagL, cagT, babA, oipA ON and vacA s1 and i1 was >85%, irrespective of the disease state or ethnicity. The prevalence of dupA and the predominant HP0521 allele and EPIYA motif varied significantly with ethnicity (p < 0.05). A high prevalence of an intact cag PAI was found in all ethnic groups; however, no association was observed between any virulence factor and disease state. The novel association between the HP0521 alleles, EPIYA motifs and host ethnicity indicates that further studies to determine the function of this gene are important.

Desempenho agronômico de alface orgânica influenciado pelo sombreamento, época de plantio e preparo do solo no Acre

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Eliana Mara Napoli Correia de Paula da Silva

2015-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico do cultivo de alface orgânica sob diferentes níveis de sombreamento, épocas de plantio e preparo do solo, no Acre. Para cada cultivar de alface avaliada, lisa (Baba de Verão e crespa (Vera, foram instalados quatro experimentos em ambientes com níveis distintos de sombreamento (casa de vegetação, 35%; tela, 50%; latada de maracujazeiro, 52%; e a pleno sol, em duas épocas de plantio (estiagem e chuvosa. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três métodos de preparo do solo (plantio direto, cultivo mínimo e preparo convencional e quatro repetições. O cultivo em casa de vegetação proporciona maior massa de matéria fresca e produtividade de alface 'Vera', e desempenho similar ao observado sob tela de sombreamento, com preparo mínimo do solo, para as duas épocas de plantio avaliadas. O cultivo a pleno sol, em plantio direto, proporciona maior massa de matéria fresca e produtividade de alface 'Vera', para o período de estiagem. A massa de matéria seca da parte aérea das cultivares Baba de Verão e Vera é maior em cultivo em casa de vegetação, seguida do cultivo sob tela de sombreamento.

The experiences of mothers who lost a baby during pregnancy

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L Modiba

2007-11-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of mothers who lost a baby during pregnancy and care given by doctors and midwives during this period. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om die ervaring van moeders met betrekking tot die dood van ‘n baba tydens swangerskap te verken en te beskryf, asook die versorging wat hulle van vroedvroue en dokters gedurende die periode ontvang het. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

The aquatic habit and host plants of Paracles klagesi (Rothschild (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae in Brazil

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Aurélio R. Meneses

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The aquatic habit and host plants of Paracles klagesi (Rothschild (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae in Brazil. The aquatic caterpillar Paracles klagesi (Rothschild, 1910 was collected from the headwaters of a stream in an ecotone between Cerrado and Babaçu forest in northeastern Brazil. The single caterpillar found was observed feeding on the macrophyte Tonina fluviatilis Aubl. (Eriocaulaceae and other aquatic plants of the family Nymphaeaceae present in the area, but also accepted as food Elodea canadensis Michx. (Hydrocharitaceae and Cabomba sp. (Cabombaceae under laboratory conditions.

Análise da cicatrização na Linha Alba com uso de extrato aquoso de Orbignya phalerata (babaçu: estudo controlado em ratos Analysis of healing in the Alba Linea with the use of Orbignya phalerata (babassu water extract: controlled study in rats

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Sebastião Barreto de Brito Filho

2006-01-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O mesocarpo do babaçu (Orbignya phalerata tem sido utilizado em estudos experimentais para verificar a sua ação antiinflamatória. No Maranhão, é muito utilizado como alimento e como remédio popular para cicatrização de ferimentos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar macroscópica, histológica e tensiometricamente, a ação do extrato de Orbygnia phalerata no processo de cicatrização de laparotomias medianas em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos da linhagem Wistar, adultos, machos, foram utilizados em procedimento experimental que consistiu em uma incisão na linha alba e síntese em plano único com pontos separados de fio de polipropileno 5-0. Após esse procedimento comum, os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos de 20. Ao grupo chamado controle, foi utilizado injeção intraperitoneal, em dose única de 1mL de soro fisiológico para cada quilo de peso. Ao grupo experimento, utilizou-se solução aquosa de babaçu na dose de 50 mg por quilo de peso. Os animais foram acompanhados e mortos após três e sete dias, procedendo-se, a seguir, à análise tensiométrica e histológica. RESULTADOS: O exame macroscópico não mostrou presença de aderências importantes entre a linha alba e os órgãos intra-abdominais nos grupos de estudo. A avaliação histológica mostrou efeito marginalmente significativo (p=0,086 para inflamação aguda nos grupos controle e experimento de três dias e efeito significativo (p=0,003 para a reação gigantocelular (p=0,003. Diferença significativa (p-=0,023 foi observada para inflamação aguda no grupos controle experimento de sete dias. Na análise intra-grupo (controle três e sete, foi observado efeito marginalmente significativo (p=0,094 e p=0,05 respectivamente para as variáveis inflamação aguda e crônica. Na análise somente entre os grupos experimentos, as variáveis reação gigantocelular (0,002 e colagenização (0,016 apresentaram resultado significativo. A avaliação tensiom

Million Fekadu and Hailu Ayele Journal of BABA, Vol 18, 2001

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AN ADAPTIVE CODING SCHEME FOR EFFECTIVE BANDWIDTH AND POWER. UTILIZATION OVER ... Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering. Addis Ababa ...... results obtained from repeated tests performed on the channel.

Evaluación in vitro de Inductores de Resistencia sobre Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet In vitro Evaluation of Inductors of Resistance on Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet

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Ángela María Mogollón Ortiz

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen. La sigatoka negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis M., es la enfermedad foliar más importante del plátano y banano, ocasiona pérdidas entre el 30 y 40%. Su manejo basado en agroquímicos, representa el 40% de los costos de producción. Con el fin de encontrar nuevas alternativas de manejo de la enfermedad en plátano, se evaluó el efecto in vitro sobre el hongo de los inductores de resistencia ácido salicílico (AS, acibenzolar-S-metil (ASM, ácido 2,6- dicloroisonicotinico (INA, ácido 3- aminobutanoico (BABA y fosfito de potasio, y los fungicidas propiconazol y clorotalonil. Cada producto fue considerado como un experimento independiente con un diseño completamente aleatorio a una vía, constituido por cuatro tratamientos y 15 repeticiones. Se evaluó: número de colonias cm2-1, tamaño de colonias (mm, esporulación y germinación (% de M. fijiensis. El efecto de los inductores no mostró inhibición total sobre el crecimiento del hongo, pero, todas las variables de respuesta, a excepción de la germinación con AS, INA y BABA, presentaron diferencias significativas entre las concentraciones evaluadas. El número promedio de colonias cm2-1 con los inductores osciló entre 1,5 y 3,5 mientras el testigo presentó 2,1 y 3,8; el tamaño de las colonias varió entre 1 y 4,6 mm y en el testigo 3,8 y 4,6 mm; el número de conidias mL-1 fluctuó entre 1.142 y 4.700 y en el testigo 4.386 y 5.783; y la germinación de conidias con ASM y fosfito de potasio alternó entre 27 y 72,6%, mientras el testigo presentó 74 y 79%. Propiconazol y clorotalonil inhibieron completamente al hongo.Abstract. Black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis M., is the most important foliar disease of both banana and plantain, causing yield losses between 30 and 40%. Its management based on fungicides, represents 40% of the production costs. In order to find new alternatives to manage the disease in plantain, it was evaluated in vitro the effect on the fungus of the

The Arabidopsis Malectin-Like/LRR-RLK IOS1 Is Critical for BAK1-Dependent and BAK1-Independent Pattern-Triggered Immunity

Science.gov (United States)

Kadota, Yasuhiro; Huang, Pin-Yao; Chien, Hsiao-Chiao; Chu, Po-Wei; Zimmerli, Laurent

2016-01-01

Plasma membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2), EF-TU RECEPTOR (EFR), and CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE1 (CERK1) recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). A reverse genetics approach on genes responsive to the priming agent β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) revealed IMPAIRED OOMYCETE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (IOS1) as a critical PTI player. Arabidopsis thaliana ios1 mutants were hypersusceptible to Pseudomonas syringae bacteria. Accordingly, ios1 mutants showed defective PTI responses, notably delayed upregulation of the PTI marker gene FLG22-INDUCED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE1, reduced callose deposition, and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation upon MAMP treatment. Moreover, Arabidopsis lines overexpressing IOS1 were more resistant to bacteria and showed a primed PTI response. In vitro pull-down, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, coimmunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry analyses supported the existence of complexes between the membrane-localized IOS1 and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1)-dependent PRRs FLS2 and EFR, as well as with the BAK1-independent PRR CERK1. IOS1 also associated with BAK1 in a ligand-independent manner and positively regulated FLS2-BAK1 complex formation upon MAMP treatment. In addition, IOS1 was critical for chitin-mediated PTI. Finally, ios1 mutants were defective in BABA-induced resistance and priming. This work reveals IOS1 as a novel regulatory protein of FLS2-, EFR-, and CERK1-mediated signaling pathways that primes PTI activation. PMID:27317676

Preparing to fight back: Generation and storage of priming compounds.

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Victoria ePastor

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Immune-stimulated plants are able to respond more rapidly and adequately to various biotic stresses allowing them to efficiently combat an infection. During the priming phase, plant are stimulated in absence of a challenge, and can accumulate and store conjugates or precursors of molecules as well as other compounds that play a role in defense. These molecules can be released during the defensive phase following stress. These metabolites can also participate in the first stages of the stress perception. Here, we report the metabolic changes occuring in primed plants during the priming phase. β-aminobutyric acid (BABA causes a boost of the primary metabolism through the tricarboxylic acids (TCA such as citrate, fumarate, (S-malate and 2-oxoglutarate, and the potentiation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the octodecanoic pathway. On the contrary, Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (PstAvrRpt2 represses the same pathways. Both systems used to prime plants share some common signals like the changes in the synthesis of amino acids and the production of SA and its glycosides, as well as IAA. Interestingly, a product of the purine catabolism, xanthosine, was found to accumulate following both BABA- and PstAvrRpt2-treatement. The compounds that are strongly affected in this stage are called priming compounds, since their effect on the metabolism of the plant is to induce the production of primed compounds that will help to combat the stress. At the same time, additional identified metabolites suggest the possible defense pathways that plants are using to get ready for the battle.

Studies on assessment of traffic noise level in Aurangabad city, India

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B J Bhosale

2010-01-01

Full Text Available With the rapid rate of urbanization of Aurangabad city due to the expanding industrialization, the problem of noise pollution has become a concern for urban dwellers and government authority too. Noise pollution due to vehicular traffic is one of the growing environmental problems of urban centers. The study deals with the assessment of traffic noise levels in Aurangabad city. With respect to the total number of vehicles passing the road in unit time, which was surveyed by direct count method, six different sites from Aurangabad city, viz., Nagar Naka, Kranti Chowk, CIDCO bus stand, Railway station area, Dhoot Hospital and Baba petrol pump were selected to study the vehicular noise level. Noise measurements were carried out at these six locations on both working day and holiday during the peak traffic hours, i.e. 8:00 a.m. - 11:a.m., 1:00 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. - 8:00 p.m., in the morning, afternoon and evening sessions, respectively, after 5 minutes time interval. The noise level was monitored using noise level meter. The results obtained from this investigation showed that the Nagar Naka, Kranti chowk and CIDCO bus stand area have dense traffic zones when compared with the Railway station area, Dhoot Hospital and Baba petrol pump. The minimum and the maximum noise levels are 74 and 86 dB, respectively, on working day and 70 and 81 dB, respectively, on holiday. The measured noise level values exceed the prescribed noise level.

The Suitability of Adaptive Reuse Practices on Historic Residential Buildings to National Memorials

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Nor Syahila Ab Rashid

2014-06-01

Full Text Available In order to prolong the life of the old buildings in the country through building conservation practices, there is a tendency by the government to acquire and reuse Malaysian leadership figures’ residential buildings as memorials. However, it raises the question of whether there is any adaptive reuse guidelines to reuse historic residential buildings in Malaysia as national memorials in maintaining those buildings as an exhibition space on the history of their leadership. The absence of guidelines raises questions about how to implement the process accordingly. The objective of this research is to find the best formula for reusing historic residential buildings as national memorials based on that issue by reviewing and identify the principles of adaptive reuse practices of historic residential buildings as national memorials that implemented in Malaysia. The case studies were conducted on three samples of historic residential buildings that reused as national memorials and those buildings were selected based on a list of the study population, which are Rumah Kelahiran Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (The Birthplace of Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, Rumah Merdeka (Freedom House and Memorial Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba (The Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba Memorial. The sample may be determined by the sampling method and evaluated using the checklist provided. Based on the results of the case studies that were analyzed and discussed, it can be concluded that aspects of building code (local requirements as well as environmental and conservation requirements are not met in implementing adaptive reuse process on historic residential buildings to national memorials which needs suggestions for improvement.

Adolescent mothers’ knowledge and perceptions of contraceptives in Tshwane, South Africa

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V J Ehlers

2003-11-01

Full Text Available This descriptive quantitative survey attempted to identify reasons why adolescent mothers (aged 19 or younger at the birth of their babies failed to utilise contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and/or termination of pregnancy (TOP services. Opsomming Hierdie beskrywende kwantitatiewe opname het gepoog om redes te bepaal waarom adolessente moeders (wat 19 jaar oud of jonger was tydens die geboorte van hulle babas nie gebruik gemaak het van kontrasepsie (voorbehoedmiddels of noodkontrasepsie, en/of terminasie van swangerskap (“termination of pregnancy - TOP” dienste nie. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

Study on the transport by superconducting elevators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ona, K. [Technov Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-02-01

A study on the development of a transport system using the pinning effect of a superconducting bulk structure was undertaken and a model of a flywheel for electric power storage was manufactured by introducing a bearing applying the pinning effect to investigate the feasibility through its operation. The operation behavior of vertical transport combining the superconducting bulk structure and the electromagnetic coils reproduced the predictions of simulation. As for the electric power storage via flywheel, it was confirmed that the lighting duration of a indicating lamp was elongated from the ordinary interval, 1 min., to 4 min. (H. Baba)

Caracterizacion Del Agua Mediante El Control De Calidad En El Laboratorio De Analisis Fisico, Quimico Y Microbiologico Y Su Incidencia En La Calidad De Vida De La Población Urbana

OpenAIRE

Mazacon Mora, Maite

2014-01-01

Esta investigación aborda el estudio del trabajo de laboratorio de Análisis de Agua Potable del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal del cantón Baba ante la necesidad de disponer de información de partida para la valoración del tipo de trabajo que se realiza, sus falencias y fortalezas y de ese modo establecer mecanismos de mejoramiento. Luego que se realizó el diseño teórico y metodológico de la investigación se hizo el levantamiento de información a partir del trabajo de campo c...

Spatiotemporal distribution of interplate slip following the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake deduced from ocean bottom pressure gauges and onland GNSS data

Science.gov (United States)

Itoh, Y.; Nishimura, T.; Ariyoshi, K.; Matsumoto, H.

2017-12-01

The 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake (Mw 8.0) is an interplate earthquake along the Kurile trench. Its co- and post-seismic deformation has been observed by onland GNSS [e.g., Miyazaki et al. 2004] and modeled with afterslip and/or viscoelastic relaxation [e.g., Itoh and Nishimura 2016]. In the offshore region, two ocean bottom pressure gauges (OBPs) are operated by JAMSTEC since July 1999 [Hirata et al. 2002] and they have continuously observed the pre-, co- and post-seismic pressure change of the 2003 event [Baba et al. 2006]. The observed pressure change can be interpreted as vertical displacement, and the resolution of slip beneath the seafloor far from the land was improved by incorporating these pressure data into onland GNSS data [Baba et al. 2006]. However, no previous studies used postseismic pressure data for several years to estimate an interplate slip. Because, in this region, an M8 class event similar to the 2003 event has occurred in 1952, it is important to clarify a healing process of an interplate coupling which may lead to a next M8 class event in terms of the earthquake cycle. Itoh and Nishimura [2017, JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting] estimated it but used only onland GNSS data. In this study, we use both onland GNSS and OBP data. For OBP data analysis, we first removed the tidal component using BAYTAP08 [Tamura et al. 1991; Tamura and Agnew 2008]. Next, we corrected the temporal fluctuation of data correlating with temperature [Baba et al. 2006]. We estimated the linear trend before the 2003 event using the corrected time series from 2002 Jan. 1 to 2003 Sep. 1 and remove the estimated trend from the data after the 2003 event. Here, we assumed a non-linear drift could be ignored. Finally, we down-sampled the remained time series with an interval of 1 month. For the onland GNSS data, we used the same data set of Itoh and Nishimura [2017, JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting]. We constructed the model consisting of coseismic slip of the 2003 and M6-7 events in the postseismic

Baba and Onanuga Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. (2011) 8(4 ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AJTCAM

1Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, 2Department of Pharmaceutical microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University. Wilberforce Island, Nigeria. *E-mail: babharun@yahoo.co.uk. Abstract. Methanol extract of three Nigerian medicinal plants were screened for antimicrobial ...

Antiadhesive Properties of Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) Immature Fruit Extract against Helicobacter pylori Adhesion

Science.gov (United States)

Shevtsova, Anna; Glocker, Erik; Borén, Thomas; Hensel, Andreas

2014-01-01

Background Traditional Asian and African medicine use immature okra fruits (Abelmoschus esculentus) as mucilaginous food to combat gastritis. Its effectiveness is due to polysaccharides that inhibit the adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to stomach tissue. The present study investigates the antiadhesive effect in mechanistic detail. Methodology A standardized aqueous fresh extract (Okra FE) from immature okra fruits was used for a quantitative in vitro adhesion assay with FITC-labled H. pylori J99, 2 clinical isolates, AGS cells, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Bacterial adhesins affected by FE were pinpointed using a dot-blot overlay assay with immobilized Lewisb, sialyl-Lewisa, H-1, laminin, and fibronectin. 125I-radiolabeled Okra FE polymer served for binding studies to different H. pylori strains and interaction experiments with BabA and SabA. Iron nanoparticles with different coatings were used to investigate the influence of the charge-dependence of an interaction on the H. pylori surface. Principal findings Okra FE dose-dependently (0.2 to 2 mg/mL) inhibited H. pylori binding to AGS cells. FE inhibited the adhesive binding of membrane proteins BabA, SabA, and HpA to its specific ligands. Radiolabeled compounds from FE bound non-specifically to different strains of H. pylori, as well as to BabA/SabA deficient mutants, indicating an interaction with a still-unknown membrane structure in the vicinity of the adhesins. The binding depended on the charge of the inhibitors. Okra FE did not lead to subsequent feedback regulation or increased expression of adhesins or virulence factors. Conclusion Non-specific interactions between high molecular compounds from okra fruits and the H. pylori surface lead to strong antiadhesive effects. PMID:24416297

Multiplex-PCR-Based Screening and Computational Modeling of Virulence Factors and T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Helicobacter pylori Infections for Accurate Clinical Diagnosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Oktem-Okullu, Sinem; Tiftikci, Arzu; Saruc, Murat; Cicek, Bahattin; Vardareli, Eser; Tozun, Nurdan; Kocagoz, Tanil; Sezerman, Ugur; Yavuz, Ahmet Sinan; Sayi-Yazgan, Ayca

2015-01-01

The outcome of H. pylori infection is closely related with bacteria's virulence factors and host immune response. The association between T cells and H. pylori infection has been identified, but the effects of the nine major H. pylori specific virulence factors; cagA, vacA, oipA, babA, hpaA, napA, dupA, ureA, ureB on T cell response in H. pylori infected patients have not been fully elucidated. We developed a multiplex- PCR assay to detect nine H. pylori virulence genes with in a three PCR reactions. Also, the expression levels of Th1, Th17 and Treg cell specific cytokines and transcription factors were detected by using qRT-PCR assays. Furthermore, a novel expert derived model is developed to identify set of factors and rules that can distinguish the ulcer patients from gastritis patients. Within all virulence factors that we tested, we identified a correlation between the presence of napA virulence gene and ulcer disease as a first data. Additionally, a positive correlation between the H. pylori dupA virulence factor and IFN-γ, and H. pylori babA virulence factor and IL-17 was detected in gastritis and ulcer patients respectively. By using computer-based models, clinical outcomes of a patients infected with H. pylori can be predicted by screening the patient's H. pylori vacA m1/m2, ureA and cagA status and IFN-γ (Th1), IL-17 (Th17), and FOXP3 (Treg) expression levels. Herein, we report, for the first time, the relationship between H. pylori virulence factors and host immune responses for diagnostic prediction of gastric diseases using computer-based models.

DEGRADAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO CÓRREGO MATO VERDE EM BABAÇULÂNDIA-TO

OpenAIRE

Monteiro VANDERLEY, Leandro Dias; Universidade Federal do Tocantins; SILVA, Marivaldo Cavalcante; Universidade Federal do Tocantins

2015-01-01

A ação humana pode contribuir para o processo erosivo dos solos de diversas maneiras. A retirada das matas ciliares, além de afetar a biodiversidade presente do bioma cerrado acelera o processo da erosão. O presente trabalho trata da degradação ambiental do córrego mato verde, no município de Babaçulândia, norte do Tocantins. Foi realizada revisão bibliográfica sobre a temática, visitas e registros fotográficos na área de estudo e a redação final. A pesquisa permitiu constatar diversas situaç...

Level of 8-OHdG in drained dialysate appears to be a marker of peritoneal damage in peritoneal dialysis

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Morishita Y

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Yoshiyuki Morishita, Minami Watanabe, Ichiro Hirahara, Tetsu Akimoto, Shigeaki Muto, Eiji KusanoDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, JapanPurpose: Peritoneal dialysis (PD is a successful renal replacement therapy; however, long-term PD leads to structural and functional peritoneal damage. Therefore, the monitoring and estimation of peritoneal function are important in PD patients. Oxidative stress has been implicated as one possible mechanism of peritoneal membrane damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between an oxidative stress marker, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, and peritoneal damage in PD patients.Methods: The authors evaluated 8-OHdG in drained dialysate by enzyme immunoassay to investigate the association between 8-OHdG and solute transport rate estimated by peritoneal equilibration test and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2 level in 45 samples from 28 PD patients.Results: The 8-OHdG level was significantly correlated with dialysate:plasma creatine ratio (r = 0.463, P < 0.05 and significantly inversely correlated with D/D0 glucose (where D is the glucose level of peritoneal effluents obtained 4 hours after the injection and D0 is the glucose level obtained immediately after the injection (r = -0.474, P < 0.05. The 8-OHdG level was also significantly correlated with MMP-2 level (r = 0.551, P < 0.05, but it was not correlated with the age of subjects, the duration of PD, or blood pressure.Conclusion: The level of 8-OHdG in drained dialysate may be a useful novel marker of peritoneal damage in PD.Keywords: oxidative stress, solute transport rate, MMP-2, peritoneal equilibration test

Determinação do valor energético de alimentos para ruminantes pelo sistema de equações Determination of energy value of feed for ruminants by equations system

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Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o sistema de equações na determinação dos valores de NDT de seis alimentos volumosos (silagem de milho, cana-de-açúcar com 1% de uréia, feno de capim-coastcross 1, feno de capim-coastcross 2, silagem pré-secada de capim-tifton e capim-elefante e de 12 alimentos concentrados (fubá de milho, grão de sorgo moído, gérmen de milho, farelo de trigo, farelo de arroz integral, farelo de babaçu, farelo de soja, farelo de algodão, caroço de algodão, glúten de milho, farelo de glúten de milho e casca de soja, utilizando-se ovinos como animais experimentais. Volumosos e concentrados foram combinados em dois níveis, com quatro repetições para cada nível, a partir de um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Os mesmos animais foram utilizados nos dois níveis do ingrediente concentrado, em dois períodos consecutivos. As dietas referentes aos dois níveis do alimento concentrado foram isonitrogenadas. A silagem de milho, a cana-de-açúcar com 1% de uréia, o feno de capim-coastcross 1, o feno de capim-coastcross 2, a silagem pré-secada de capim-tifton e o capim-elefante apresentaram os seguintes valores de NDT, respectivamente: 59,56; 60,57; 48,59; 50,24; 60,49; e 49,59%. Já para os concentrados, constataram-se os seguintes valores de NDT: fubá de milho (93,75%, grão de sorgo moído (82,82%, gérmen de milho (85,30%, farelo de trigo (74,28%, farelo de arroz integral (80,65%, farelo de babaçu (49,38%, farelo de soja (83,24%, farelo de algodão (67,75%, caroço de algodão (88,07%, glúten de milho (85,34%, farelo de glúten de milho (75,61% e casca de soja (68,95%. O sistema de equações foi eficiente na determinação do valor energético dos alimentos devido à alta correlação obtida entre esses valores e as digestibilidades da matéria seca e matéria orgânica do conjunto de alimentos avaliados.The objective was to evaluate the equations system for determination of the TDN of

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials with the use of acoustic clicks and complex verbal sounds in young adults with learning disabilities.

Science.gov (United States)

Kouni, Sophia N; Giannopoulos, Sotirios; Ziavra, Nausika; Koutsojannis, Constantinos

2013-01-01

Acoustic signals are transmitted through the external and middle ear mechanically to the cochlea where they are transduced into electrical impulse for further transmission via the auditory nerve. The auditory nerve encodes the acoustic sounds that are conveyed to the auditory brainstem. Multiple brainstem nuclei, the cochlea, the midbrain, the thalamus, and the cortex constitute the central auditory system. In clinical practice, auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to simple stimuli such as click or tones are widely used. Recently, complex stimuli or complex auditory brain responses (cABRs), such as monosyllabic speech stimuli and music, are being used as a tool to study the brainstem processing of speech sounds. We have used the classic 'click' as well as, for the first time, the artificial successive complex stimuli 'ba', which constitutes the Greek word 'baba' corresponding to the English 'daddy'. Twenty young adults institutionally diagnosed as dyslexic (10 subjects) or light dyslexic (10 subjects) comprised the diseased group. Twenty sex-, age-, education-, hearing sensitivity-, and IQ-matched normal subjects comprised the control group. Measurements included the absolute latencies of waves I through V, the interpeak latencies elicited by the classical acoustic click, the negative peak latencies of A and C waves, as well as the interpeak latencies of A-C elicited by the verbal stimulus 'baba' created on a digital speech synthesizer. The absolute peak latencies of waves I, III, and V in response to monoaural rarefaction clicks as well as the interpeak latencies I-III, III-V, and I-V in the dyslexic subjects, although increased in comparison with normal subjects, did not reach the level of a significant difference (pwave C and the interpeak latencies of A-C elicited by verbal stimuli were found to be increased in the dyslexic group in comparison with the control group (p=0.0004 and p=0.045, respectively). In the subgroup consisting of 10 patients suffering from

Ne tolko Baba-Jaga bõvajet protiv / Aleksandr Perelõgin ; interv. Mihhail Petrov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Perelõgin, Aleksandr

2000-01-01

Baltimaades elavate venelaste haridust toetava nõukogu istung pidi Tallinna asemel Riias toimuma, sest nõukogu sekretär V. Mamjan ei saanud Eesti viisat. V. Andrejevi kommentaar. Parlamendisaadik (V. Andrejev)

The Helicobacter pylori duodenal ulcer promoting gene, dupA in China

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Liu Wenzhong

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The prevalence of H. pylori is as high as 60–70% in Chinese population. Although duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer are both caused by H. pylori, they are at opposite ends of the spectrum and as such are considered mutually exclusive. Duodenal ulcer promoting (dupA gene was reported to be associated with duodenal ulcer development. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dupA gene of Helicobacter pylori in patients with various gastroduodenal diseases and to explore the association between the gene and other virulence factors. Methods H. pylori were isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer (DU, gastric ulcer (GU, or non-cardia gastric carcinoma. The dupA, cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Histological features of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were graded based on the scoring system proposed by the updated Sydney system. IL-1β polymorphism was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results Isolates from 360 patients including 133 with chronic gastritis, 101 with DU, 47 with GU, and 79 with non-cardia gastric carcinoma were examined. The dupA gene was detected in 35.3% (127/360 and the prevalence DU patients was significantly greater than that in gastric cancer or GU patients (45.5% vs. 24.1% and 23.4%, P dupA-positive strains had higher scores for chronic inflammation compared to those with dupA-negative strains (2.36 vs. 2.24, p = 0.058. The presence of dupA was not associated with the cagA, vacA, iceA and babA 2 genotypes or with IL-1β polymorphisms. Conclusion In China the prevalence of dupA gene was highest in DU and inversely related to GU and gastric cancer.

The Helicobacter pylori duodenal ulcer promoting gene, dupA in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Zhiyu; Zheng, Qing; Chen, Xiaoyu; Xiao, Shudong; Liu, Wenzhong; Lu, Hong

2008-10-25

The prevalence of H. pylori is as high as 60-70% in Chinese population. Although duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer are both caused by H. pylori, they are at opposite ends of the spectrum and as such are considered mutually exclusive. Duodenal ulcer promoting (dupA) gene was reported to be associated with duodenal ulcer development. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dupA gene of Helicobacter pylori in patients with various gastroduodenal diseases and to explore the association between the gene and other virulence factors. H. pylori were isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer (DU), gastric ulcer (GU), or non-cardia gastric carcinoma. The dupA, cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Histological features of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were graded based on the scoring system proposed by the updated Sydney system. IL-1beta polymorphism was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Isolates from 360 patients including 133 with chronic gastritis, 101 with DU, 47 with GU, and 79 with non-cardia gastric carcinoma were examined. The dupA gene was detected in 35.3% (127/360) and the prevalence DU patients was significantly greater than that in gastric cancer or GU patients (45.5% vs. 24.1% and 23.4%, P dupA-positive strains had higher scores for chronic inflammation compared to those with dupA-negative strains (2.36 vs. 2.24, p = 0.058). The presence of dupA was not associated with the cagA, vacA, iceA and babA 2 genotypes or with IL-1beta polymorphisms. In China the prevalence of dupA gene was highest in DU and inversely related to GU and gastric cancer.

Multiplex-PCR-Based Screening and Computational Modeling of Virulence Factors and T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Helicobacter pylori Infections for Accurate Clinical Diagnosis.

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Sinem Oktem-Okullu

Full Text Available The outcome of H. pylori infection is closely related with bacteria's virulence factors and host immune response. The association between T cells and H. pylori infection has been identified, but the effects of the nine major H. pylori specific virulence factors; cagA, vacA, oipA, babA, hpaA, napA, dupA, ureA, ureB on T cell response in H. pylori infected patients have not been fully elucidated. We developed a multiplex- PCR assay to detect nine H. pylori virulence genes with in a three PCR reactions. Also, the expression levels of Th1, Th17 and Treg cell specific cytokines and transcription factors were detected by using qRT-PCR assays. Furthermore, a novel expert derived model is developed to identify set of factors and rules that can distinguish the ulcer patients from gastritis patients. Within all virulence factors that we tested, we identified a correlation between the presence of napA virulence gene and ulcer disease as a first data. Additionally, a positive correlation between the H. pylori dupA virulence factor and IFN-γ, and H. pylori babA virulence factor and IL-17 was detected in gastritis and ulcer patients respectively. By using computer-based models, clinical outcomes of a patients infected with H. pylori can be predicted by screening the patient's H. pylori vacA m1/m2, ureA and cagA status and IFN-γ (Th1, IL-17 (Th17, and FOXP3 (Treg expression levels. Herein, we report, for the first time, the relationship between H. pylori virulence factors and host immune responses for diagnostic prediction of gastric diseases using computer-based models.

Report of radioactivity survey in Kanagawa Prefecture, 1998

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1999-03-01

Environmental radioactivities and uranium concentrations in soils and land water were monitored during January 1 and December 31, 1998. Radionuclide analysis was carried out for rain water, land water, seawater, agricultural products, seafood, etc. by the γ-ray spectrometry with a Ge detector. For rain water, the total β activity was also measured, aerial dose rates were measured with a NaI scintillation survey meter. Uranium concentrations were determined for environmental materials around a nuclear fuel manufacturing factory. Resulting activity levels and uranium concentrations remained within the normal range and no effects were observed of nuclear explosions by India and Pakistan or by frequent calls of U.S. nuclear ships at Yokosuka. (H. Baba)

Diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma invading subarachnoid space

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Kase S

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Satoru Kase1, Kazuhiko Yoshida1, Shigenobu Suzuki2, Koh-ichi Ohshima3, Shigeaki Ohno4, Susumu Ishida11Department of Ophthalmology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo; 2Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo; 3Section of Ophthalmology, Okayama Medical Center, Okayama; 4Department of Ocular Inflammation and Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, JapanAbstract: We report herein an unusual case of diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma involving the brain, which caused a patient’s death 27 months after enucleation. An eight-year-old boy complained of blurred vision in his right eye (OD in October 2006. Funduscopic examination showed optic disc swelling, dense whitish vitreous opacity, and an orange-colored subretinal elevated lesion adjacent to the optic disc. Fluorescein angiography revealed hyperfluorescence in the peripapillary region at an early-phase OD. Because the size of the subretinal lesion and vitreous opacity gradually increased, he was referred to us. His visual acuity was 20/1000 OD on June 20, 2007. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy showed a dense anterior vitreous opacity. Ophthalmoscopically, the subretinal orange-colored area spread out until reaching the mid peripheral region. A B-mode sonogram and computed tomography showed a thick homogeneous lesion without calcification. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a markedly enhanced appearance of the underlying posterior retina. Enucleation of the right eye was performed nine months after the initial presentation. Histopathology demonstrated retinal detachment and a huge choroidal mass invading the optic nerve head. The tumor was consistent with diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma. The patient died due to brain involvement 27 months after enucleation. Ophthalmologists should be aware that diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma may show an unfavorable course if its diagnosis is delayed

Comparative Properties of Amazonian Oils Obtained by Different Extraction Methods

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Cláudio Galuppo Diniz

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb., babaçu (Orbignya phalerata Mart., buriti (Mauritia flexuosa, and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis oils were studied to determine their antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, as well as their total phenol and carotenoid contents. The fatty acid contents were determined by GC-MS. The three types of passion fruit oils studied were refined, cold pressed or extracted from seeds in a Soxhlet apparatus. The oils thus obtained showed differences in antioxidant activity and carotenoid content, but were similar in regard to total phenols. Buriti and pequi had the highest carotenoid contents, while refined and cold pressed passion fruit oil displayed the highest antioxidant activity. Pequi oil was the only oil to display antibacterial and cytotoxic activity.

Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığı Olarak Üstün Erillik Olgusunun Aile İşletmelerindeki Etkisi: Kuramsal Bir Bakış

OpenAIRE

Soyşekerci, Serhat

2006-01-01

Erkekler aile ilişkilerinde koca, baba, oğul, ağabey gibi rollere sahiptirler. Benzer rol aile işletmelerinde ‘patron' ya da ‘kurucu-girişimci' olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erillik söylemleri ile yerine getirilen ana fonksiyonlardan birisi, erkek gücü ve iktidarının kabul ettirilmesine dayalı üstün erillik (hyper-masculinity) olgusudur. Erillik-dişillik ikiliği, güçlü-güçsüz, sert-yumuşak, aktif-pasif, verimli-verimsiz, savaşçı-boyun eğen karşıtlığı olarak devam etmekle beraber, ko...

Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Yazma Eğilimi Algıları

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Ercan Deniz

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin yazma eğilimi algılarının genel düzeyini tespit ederek yazma eğilimi algısını cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, öğrenim alanı, anne eğitim durumu, baba eğitim durumu, kitap okuma sıklığı, facebook ve e-mail kullanma durumlarına göre incelemektir. Araştırma 2013-2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla seçilen resmi bir okuldaki 317 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 20.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde ilişkisiz örneklem t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyonu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin yazma eğilimi algılarının “orta düzeyde” olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yazma eğilimi algılarının cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, öğrenim alanı ve kitap okuma sıklığı değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farlılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Anne ve baba eğitim durumuyla facebook ve e-mail kullanma değişkenlerinin yazma eğilimi algısıyla istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişkisi bulunmamaktadır.

İran Mitolojisinin İslam Devrimindeki Rolü & Humeyni ve Şah’ın Söylemlerinin Analizi

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Fatih TİRYAKİ

2015-09-01

Full Text Available İran tarihinde köklü değişimler meydana getiren İran İslam devrimi birçok farklı açıdan analiz edilmiş olsa da bu analizlerin pek azı devrimi mitolojik çerçeve ile temellendirmektedir. Böylesine köklü bir devletin geçmişle olan bağlarının her daim canlı olduğu gerçeğini varsayar isek devrim sürecinde de halkın bilinçaltındaki mitolojik inanışların önemli bir payı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu bilgiler ışığında biz bu çalışmamızda İran mitolojisinin devrime olan etkilerini ve hem Şah’ın hem de Humeyni’nin bu dönemdeki söylemlerini mitolojik bir perspektiften değerlendireceğiz. Bunu yaparken de 1953 Musaddık devrimini milat olarak kabul edip bu tarihten devrime kadar geçen kırılma noktalarını kronolojik bir sıra ile anakronizme kaçmadan incelerken olayları son tahlilde mitoloji ile ilişkilendireceğiz. Sonuç bölümünde ise devrim ile esasında çok fazla şeyin değişmediğini, değişenin yalnızca meşruiyetini ve İran halkının baba figürü olma özelliğini kaybeden Şah’ın yerine halkçı ve sözde fundemantalist söylemleri ile halkı derinden etkileyen yeni baba figürü Humeyni’nin geldiği tespitlerinde bulunacağız

Thermophysical tests of buffer materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suzuki, H. [ITC, Tokyo (Japan); Taniguchi, Wataru

1999-03-01

Thermodynamic properties of buffer materials were measured for putting in order thermodynamic constants to be used in the near-field thermal analysis. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity were measured as functions of the water content and temperature to deduce the specific heat. The thermal conductivity and specific heat varied significantly as the water content changed. Obtained values of the specific heat agreed well the expected values calculated based on the constituents of the buffer material. Temperature dependence of the thermodynamic constants was found small below 90degC. From the findings, the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the buffer material were formulated as functions of the water content. Thermodynamic study of powdery bentonite was carried out as well with a purpose of use for filling apertures in the artificial barrier. (H. Baba)

Commercial babassu mesocarp: microbiological evaluation and analysis of label information

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Laisa Lis Fontinele Sá

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The babassu mesocarp is easily found in supermarkets and other commercial establishments in Brazil. Despite its widespread use in both pharmaceutical and food industries, the literature has neither scientific studies about microbial contamination for these products nor about legal information expressed on label. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of microbiological contamination in babassu mesocarp sold in commercial establishments in Teresina-PI/Brazil besides the conformity of label information according to the rules of Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency (ANVISA. Ten samples of babassu mesocarp powder sold in the region were selected for study. Determination of heterotrophic microorganisms was carried out using the seeding technique of Plate Count Agar (CFU g-1. It was used Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium for cultivation of fungi. For the analysis of label information, the resolutions (RDC, 259 of September 20, 2002, and 360 of December 23, 2003, beyond the law 10,674 of May 16, 2003 were used. The results of levels of contamination for heterotrophic bacteria and fungi showed high contamination for all samples. Most of the label samples were according to the rules. Therefore, the results suggest a more comprehensive monitoring of these microorganisms besides the development of more effective methods for decontamination of these products sold in Brazil.Keywords: Babassu. Label. Contamination. Food. Pharmacy. RESUMO O mesocarpo de babaçu é encontrado facilmente em supermercados e em outros estabelecimentos comercias e apesar de sua ampla utilização, tanto na indústria farmacêutica e de alimentos, na literatura não há trabalhos científicos que avaliem sua contaminação microbiológica ou informações legais necessárias para rótulos. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o nível de contaminação microbiológica do mesocarpo de babaçu, vendidos no comércio de Teresina-PI, bem como verificar a conformidade das informa

Çocuğun Dinî Gelişiminde Rol Model Olarak Anne ve Baba

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Bozkurt Koç

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Family is an institution through whose basic principles of society, customs and traditions, value judgments, beliefs and ideals are transferred to child. Family which reflects the culturel values of society to child is also a place where child gains its first experiences. While learning how to be social individual, child needs a model with which it will identify himself. Members of family, parents in particular, are the most important models who have a direct or indirect influence on the child. They are the role models who play a considerable part in the religious development of children as well as in their psychological, emotional and social developments. In this article, the influence of parents as a role models on the religious development of child has been dealt with

Dry shrinkage characteristics of buffer materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suzuki, H. [ITC, Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan); Fujita, A.

1999-03-01

Generation of cracks due to drying of compressed bentonite was observed by changing the initial water content to obtain shrinkage constants such as shrinkage limit and shrinking rate. As a result, generation of practically no cracks was observed when the initial water content of samples was below 13%. The volume change due to drying increased with the water content in the sample, and the shrinkage constants were found to depend on the initial water content. Further, the one-dimensional compression strength after drying was compared with that before drying in order to clarify the effect of cracks generated by drying on the mechanical strength. As a result, the dry sample with cracks proved to have large one-dimensional compression strength or E{sub 50} compared to wet samples, so that the mechanical strength was kept even after drying. (H. Baba)

Metodología para el Escalamiento de Agitadores Mecánicos Utilizados en Procesos con Fluidos No-Newtonianos

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Oliveros T. Carlos E.

1997-06-01

Full Text Available Se determinó experimentalmente la tasa promedia de cortante (TCP generada por dos rotores utilizados para el desmucilaginado mecánico del café en Colombia: El CENICAFE III y El COLMECANO. Los valores experimentales de TCP fueron comparados con datos estimados con un modelo teórico obtenido asumiendo que el campo de flujo generado por el rotor se asemeja al flujo tipo Couette (TCP y un modelo propuesto por Oliveros (1993,1995. Se utilizó la prueba de X^2 (con 5% de significancia para comparar los valores experimentales y teóricos y se observó que hay diferencias entre ellos. A partir del modelo TCP se obtuvo una expresión semiteórica para estimar la TCP generada por el rotor COLMECANO con alta con fiabilidad (r^2 = 0.982. A una misma velocidad de rotación el agitador COLMECANO genera mayores valores de TCP que el rotor CENICAFE 1/1. luego debe generar mayores tasas de desmucilaginado. La potencia requerida para agitar suspensiones de café en baba-mucílago+agua adicionada (1 L/kg de cps. en el rango de 300 a l. 200 rpm, utilizando los rotores CENICAFE III y COLMECANO, fué medida experimentalmente y estimada teóricamente con dos modelos: el modelo propuesto por Oliveros (1993.1995 Y un modelo obtenido asumiendo que el campo de flujo generado por los rotores es del tipo Couette (modelo pc. Los valores experimentales y estimados fueron comparados por medio de la prueba de X^2 (al 5% de significancia observándose diferencias entre ellos. Mediante un análisis de regresión lineal simple aplicado a los valores obtenidos con el modelo pe se obtuvo una expresión semi-teórica la cual permite estimar con alta confiabilidad la potencia para agitar las suspensiones de café en baba-mucílago+agua (r^2 = 0,982 con el rotor COLMECANO. A una misma velocidad de rotación, el rotor COLMECANO requiere menos potencia que el CENICAFE III para agitar suspensiones de café en baba-mucílago+agua (1 litro de agua/kg de cps. Se utilizó el concepto

Meddah Behçet Mahir’in “Leylâ ve Mecnun” Hikâyesinde Yer AlanAra Sözler

OpenAIRE

AYDIN, Hidayet

2011-01-01

Anlatmaya dayalı halk edebiyatı ürünlerinde metnin orijinalinde yer almayan, anlatıcı tarafından metne ilave edilen fıkra, efsane, atasözü, kıssa gibi yazılı ve sözlü kaynaklardan alıntılar veya anlatıcının başından geçen olaylar yer almaktadır. Bu tür anlatılar daha çok halk edebiyatının nesir türünde görülmektedir. Anlatıcı bir baba edasıyla ya başından geçen olaylardan örneklemeler yapar ya da duyduğu, okuduğu birtakım kıssalardan bahseder. “Ara söz” diye adlandırılan bu anlatılar “Meddah ...

REVIEW OF THE ANILLINA OF MACEDONIA AND DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF PRIONIOMUS FROM GREECE (Coleoptera, Carabidae (*

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Pier Mauro Giachino

2012-04-01

Full Text Available (* Results, in part, of the programme “Research Missions in the Mediterranean Basin” sponsored by the World Biodiversity Association onlus. XXXIIIth contribution.A revision of the Anillina of Macedonia is given, with the description of the following new species of Winklerites Jeannel, 1937: W. vonickai n. sp. from Bistra planina, W. blazeji n. sp. from Galičica Mts., W. moraveci from Baba Mts. and W. gueorguievi from Ničpurska (Šar planina. W. fodori Guéorguiev, 2007, is redescribed on material coming from a site near the type locality. Prioniomus maleficus n. sp. from Katara pass (Notía Pindos, nom. Tríkala, NW Greece and P. caoduroi n. sp. from the road Kasteli-Kalavrita (nom. Ahaïa, Peloponnese, Greece are also described. Ecological and chorological data of some species are given and zoogeographical hypotheses are discussed.

The effect of synthetic inducers of systemic resistance in inhibiting grey mold development on geranium and poinsettia

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Jolanta Floryszak-Wieczorek

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Several chemical activators of resistance were tested to evaluate their efficiency in restricting development caused by Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea on geranium and poinsettia leaves. The used signal pathway inducers of salicylic acid, such as DL-â-aminobutyric acid (BABA, g-aminobutyric acid (GABA and benzothiadiazole (BTH, at the applied rates markedly inhibited the development of grey mould in the both plant species. The mentioned inducers showed no toxic or restricting effect on the fungus growth and development under in vitro conditions. Only methyl jasmonate (Me-JA, a potential activator of independent signal transduction pathway, at the applied quantities (O,1-1,0 mg·ml-1, noticeably enhanced the disease spot development probably through stimulation of ethylene synthesis in plant. Me-JA added to medium with B.cinerea showed a strong antifungal action, whereas ethylene significantly stimulated mycelium growth in the in vitro cultures.

Squat lobsters (Crustacea: Anomura) from Mauritanian waters (West Africa), with the description of a new species of Munidopsis.

Science.gov (United States)

De Matos-Pita, Susana S; Ramil, Fran

2014-02-20

This paper is the result of the study of a squat lobsters collection obtained along the Mauritanian coast, between 91 and 1867 m depth, during the 'MAURIT' surveys carried out in the period from 2007 to 2010. Eumunida bella de Saint Laurent & Macpherson, 1990 (Chirostyloidea) and six species of Munida and Munidopsis (Galatheoidea) are reported in the present work.A new species, Munidopsis anaramosae n. sp. collected off northwestern Banc d'Arguin at 1000-1012 m depth, is described and illustrated. The presence of an eyespine that arises distally from the middle end of the cornea, walking legs merus spinose on dorsal and ventral margins and cheliped merus ventrally unarmed distinguish it from related species. Munida chunii Balss, 1913 is redescribed here and the new records of Munida guineae Miyake & Baba, 1970, M. speciosa von Martens, 1878 and Munidopsis chunii Balss, 1913 extend their geographical distribution northwards, and in the case of the last species, increase its bathymetric range.

Research at Clark in the early '60s and at LLNL in the late '80s

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gatrousis, C.

1993-01-01

Tom Sugihara's scientific leadership over a period of almost four decades covered many areas. His early research at Clark dealt with fission yields measurements and radiochemical separations of fallout species in the marine environment. Tom pioneered many of the methods for detecting soft beta emitters and low levels of radioactivity. Studies of the behavior of radioactivity in the marine ecosystem were important adjuncts to Tom's nuclear science research at Clark University which emphasized investigations of nuclear reaction mechanisms. Among Tom's most important contributions while at Clark was his work with Matsuo and Dudey on the interpretation of isomeric yield ratios and fission studies with Noshkin and Baba. Tom's scientific career oscillated between research and administration. During the latter part of his career his great breadth of interests and his scientific open-quotes tasteclose quotes had a profound influence at LLNL in areas that were new to him, materials science and solid state physics

A Therapist’s Review of Process: Rupture and repair cycles in relational transactional analysis psychotherapy for a client with a dismissive attachment style: ‘Martha’

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Silvia Baba Neal

2017-07-01

Full Text Available This article is a therapist review of the process that occurred during a systematic case study of psychotherapy with ‘Martha’, a female client who presented with depression, anxiety, alexithymia and dismissive/avoidant attachment style.  Assessment, diagnosis of the client and treatment direction is described, followed by a detailed account of the therapeutic process through 12 sessions and 2 post-therapy interviews. Analysis team results are summarised, indicating support for the therapist’s identification of issues during the process of the therapy. Particular attention is paid by the analysis team two points of rupture and repair, with pragmatic evaluation confirming that the relational struggles between therapist and client seemed pivotal in generating positive change. Citation - APA format: Baba Neal, S. (2017. A Therapist’s Review of Process: Rupture and repair cycles in relational transactional analysis psychotherapy for a client with a dismissive attachment style: ‘Martha’. International Journal of Transactional Analysis Research & Practice, 8(2, 24-34.

A mathematical model for reducing the composting time

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Estefanía Larreategui

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The environment is still affected by the inappropriate use of organic matter waste, but a culture of recycling and reuse has been promoted in Ecuador to reduce carbon footprint. The composting, a technique to digest organic matter, which traditionally takes 16-24 weeks, is still inefficient to use. Therefore, this paper concerns the optimization of the composting process in both quality and production time. The variables studied were: type of waste (fruits and vegetables and type of bioaccelerator (yeast and indigenous microorganisms. By using a full factorial random design 22, a quality compost was obtained in 7 weeks of processing. Quality factors as temperature, density, moisture content, pH and carbon-nitrogen ratio allowed the best conditions for composting in the San Gabriel del Baba community (Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Ecuador. As a result of this study, a mathematical surface model which explains the relationship between the temperature and the digestion time of organic matter was obtained.

Integrating climatic information in water resources modelling and optimisation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gelati, Emiliano

. I det andet eksempel simuleres og forudsiges månedlig afstrømning i det vestlige Ecuador ved udnyttelse af El Niño information. El Niño forårsager høj nedbør i de kystnære egne af Ecuador, hviket er en konsekvens af positive temperatur-anomalier i det østlige Stillehav. Nyhedsværdien består i en...... kombination af flere tidssvarende modeller i en ikke-stationær beskrivelse af afstrømningen, hvorunder El Niño-betingede regimeskift tages i regning. Potentielle anvendelsesmuligheder omfatter udnyttelse af observerede og forudsagte storskala klimatiske data til simulering og forudsigelse af afstrømningen....... Optimeringsmetoderne er udviklet med henblik på at benytte output fra afstrømningsmodellerne til at opnå en forbedret reservoirstyring. Lang- og korttidsoptimeringer for to reserviorer (Daule Peripa og Baba) i det vestlige Ecuador viser, at der kan opnås betydelige forbedringer af reservoirstyringen, når El Niño...

Monoclonal antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: comparative effectiveness of tocilizumab with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors

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Tanaka T

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Toshio Tanaka,1,2 Yoshihiro Hishitani,3 Atsushi Ogata2,3 1Department of Clinical Application of Biologics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; 2Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Diseases, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent joint inflammation, systemic inflammation, and immunological abnormalities. Because cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α and interleukin (IL-6 play a major role in the development of RA, their targeting could constitute a reasonable novel therapeutic strategy for treating RA. Indeed, worldwide clinical trials of TNF inhibiting biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs including infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol, and etanercept as well as the humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab, have demonstrated outstanding clinical efficacy and tolerable safety profiles, resulting in worldwide approval for using these bDMARDs to treat moderate to severe active RA in patients with an inadequate response to synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (sDMARDs. Although bDMARDs have elicited to a paradigm shift in the treatment of RA due to the prominent efficacy that had not been previously achieved by sDMARDs, a substantial percentage of patients failed primary or secondary responses to bDMARD therapy. Because RA is a heterogeneous disease in which TNF-α and IL-6 play overlapping but distinct pathological roles, further studies are required to determine the best use of TNF inhibitors and tocilizumab in individual RA patients. Keywords: interleukin-6, rheumatoid arthritis, adalimumab, biologic

Deep structure of the Tristan-Gough plume revealed by geoid anomalies

Science.gov (United States)

Maia, M.; Flamme, J.; Cadio, C.; Lalancette, M. F.; Metivier, L.; Pajot-Métivier, G.; Diament, M.

2017-12-01

The origin of the hotspot Tristan da Cunha located at the southwestern end of Walvis Ridge in the Atlantic Ocean is still a controversial topic. We especially question on the nature of the involved geodynamical processes and on their origin depth. The latest results based on local seismic and magnetic data (Schlömer et al., 2016; Baba et al., 2016; Geissler et al., 2016) suggest the existence of a plume coming from the mid-mantle in the southwest of the archipelago. Here we give a regional view of mantle dynamics patterns in the area by using the high-quality satellite geoid data. To extract the mantle signature, we estimate the crustal and lithospheric signals of the ocean basin and South American and African continents, which contribute to mid- and long-wavelengths in the total geoid. We pay particular attention to the modeling of continental margins and their effects on the residual geoid signal. In addition, we explore a large density values set derived from petrological and geochemical studies in the calculation of the lithospheric geoid model. After subtracting the lithospheric signature to the EGM2008 geoid, we apply a multi-scale analysis, which unfolds the different components of the geoid residual signal. The analysis underlines a set of positive anomalies at 200-400 km in the study area, notably in north and west of Tristan de Cunha, and a positive anomaly at 700-1100 km scale in the southwest of the archipelago. These patterns do not change by using different lithospheric geoid models, which allow us to evaluate the reliability of the residual geoid anomalies. These results indicate the existence of small-scale density anomalies in the upper mantle and a larger scale density anomaly in the mid-mantle. Our study suggests that a large dome toped by plume clusters could be a good candidate to explain the volcanism of Tristan da Cunha.Schlömer et al., 2016 Hunting for the Tristan mantle plume..., EPSL, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.12.028Baba et

MEŞÎHAT ARŞİV KAYITLARINDA HACI BEKTAŞ VELÎ VE BEKTAŞİLİK İLE İLGİLİ YAZILI KAYNAĞIN TESPİTİ [DETECTION OF WRITTEN SOURCES RELATED TO HAJI BEKTASH VELI AND BEKTASHI ORDER IN THE MEŞÎHAT ARCHIVE RECORDS

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Uğur Sümer

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmaya konu olan meşayih kaydı, Topkapı Takyeci mahallesi Bektaşi Dergâhı postnişini Hacı Abdullah Baba ile babalardan dört kişinin Bektaşiliğin diğer tarikatlar gibi tanınmasını, İslâm dini içerisinde kabul görmesini talep eden bir dilekçe ile dönemin hükümetine, padişaha yazılı başvurularını içeren bir belgedir. Belgenin içerdiği bilgiler ve talepler için görüşleri alınmak üzere Şeyhülislamlık bünyesindeki Meclis-i Meşâyih’e iletilen belge üç bölüm ve sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır. 1920 tarihli belgenin çevirisi, Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Velî Vakfı adına, belgeyi İstanbul Müftüğü meşihat arşivinde tespit eden Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ayhan Işık tarafından gerçekleştirilmiş, belgenin orijinal görüntülerine ve çeviriyazısına çalışmanın ekinde yer verilmiştir. Belge, Hacı Bektaş Velî’nin şeceresi, Hoca Ahmed Yesevi manevi silsilesi ile Lokmân-Perende’den aldığı eğitimi, evli olmayıp mücerret olduğu, buna bağlı olarak kendisinden sonra gelen temsilcilerin bel evladı değil yol evladı oldukları, yetiştirdiği derviş sayısı, Bektaşi tarikatının usül ve erkânı hakkındaki bilgileri içermektedir. Sadeleştirilmiş Türkçe metin, vakfımız tarafından irdelenerek mevcut yazılı kaynaklar eşliğinde değerlendirilmiş, asıl metin ile Meclis-i Meşâyıh Kararı da dâhil olmak üzere ekte sunulmuştur. The sheikh record, which is the subject of this study, is a document containing a petition which demands that the Bektashi order be recognized like the other orders and be accepted within the religion of Islam, and several written applications to the government of the time, the Sultan, by the Bektashi Dervish Lodge postnisin Haji Abdullah Baba of Topkapı Takyeci neighborhood and four other people from the babas. The document, which was delivered to Meclis-i Meşayîh (Chamber of Sheikhs within the Shaykh al-Islam institution in

Relation between the occurrence of Burnout and differential pressure fluctuation characteristics caused by the disturbance waves passing by a flow obstacle in a vertical boiling two-phase upward flow in a narrow annular channel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, Shoji [Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501 (Japan)]. E-mail: morisho@ynu.ac.jp; Fukano, Tohru [Kurume Institute of University, Fukuoka 830-0052 (Japan)]. E-mail: fukanot@cc.kurume-it.ac.jp

2006-05-15

If a flow obstacle such as a spacer is placed in a boiling two-phase flow within a channel, the temperature on the surface of the heating tube is severely affected by the existence of the spacer. Under certain conditions the spacer has a cooling effect, and under other conditions the spacer causes dryout of the cooling water film on the heating surface, resulting in burnout of the tube. The burnout mechanism near the spacer, however, remains unclear. In a previous paper (Fukano, T., Mori, S., Akamatsu, S., Baba, A., 2002. Relation between temperature fluctuation of a heating surface and generation of drypatch caused by a cylindrical spacer in a vertical boiling two-phase upward flow in a narrow annular channel. Nucl. Eng. Des. 217, 81-90), we reported that the disturbance wave has a significant effect on dryout occurrence. Therefore, in the present paper, the relation between dryout, burnout occurrence, and interval between two successive disturbance waves obtained from the differential pressure fluctuation caused by the disturbance waves passing by a spacer, is further discussed in detail.

Earthquake effect on the geological environment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawamura, Makoto

1999-01-01

Acceleration caused by the earthquake, changes in the water pressure, and the rock-mass strain were monitored for a series of 344 earthquakes from 1990 to 1998 at Kamaishi In Situ Test Site. The largest acceleration was registered to be 57.14 gal with the earthquake named 'North coast of Iwate Earthquake' (M4.4) occurred in June, 1996. Changes of the water pressure were recorded with 27 earthquakes; the largest change was -0.35 Kgt/cm 2 . The water-pressure change by earthquake was, however, usually smaller than that caused by rainfall in this area. No change in the electric conductivity or pH of ground water was detected before and after the earthquake throughout the entire period of monitoring. The rock-mass strain was measured with a extensometer whose detection limit was of the order of 10 -8 to 10 -9 degrees and the remaining strain of about 2.5x10 -9 degrees was detected following the 'Offshore Miyagi Earthquake' (M5.1) in October, 1997. (H. Baba)

Cine-Club

CERN Multimedia

Cine-Club

2012-01-01

Thursday 31 May 2012 at 20:30 CERN Council Chamber The Kite Runner By Marc Forster (USA, 2007) With: Khalid Abdalla, Ahmad Khan Mahmoodzada, Atossa Leoni Original version English/Pashtu/Urdu; French subtitles; 128 minutes. In the 70's in Afghanistan, the Pushtun boy Amir and the Hazara boy Hassan, who is his loyal friend and son of their servant Ali, are raised together in Amir's father’s house, playing and kitting on the streets of a peaceful Kabul. After Amir wins a competition of kitting, Hassan runs to bring a kite to Amir, but he is beaten and raped in an empty street to protect Amir's kite; the coward Amir witness the assault but does not help the loyal Hassam. On the day after his birthday party, Amir hides his new watch in Hassam's bed to frame the boy as a thief and force his father to fire Ali, releasing his conscience from recalling his cowardice and betrayal. In 1979, the Russians invade Afghanistan and Baba and Amir escape to Pakistan....

Combination of peracetic acid and ultrasound reduces Salmonella Typhimurium on fresh lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa).

Science.gov (United States)

Silveira, Luiza Oliveira; do Rosário, Denes Kaic Alves; Giori, Ana Carolina Garcia; Oliveira, Syllas Borburema Silva; da Silva Mutz, Yhan; Marques, Clara Suprani; Coelho, Jussara Moreira; Bernardes, Patrícia Campos

2018-04-01

Salmonella outbreaks related to fruits and vegetables have been reported being lettuce one of the most contaminated. Peracetic acid (PA) at 50 mg/L, sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SD) at 100 mg/L, and the combination of SD at 100 mg/L and babaçu coconut ( Attalea speciosa ) oil detergent at 100 mg/L were applied to fresh lettuce. Natural contaminant microbiota, physicochemical characteristics, and sensory attributes were evaluated. PA and SD reduced mesophilic aerobic counts by 2.1 and 1.5 log cfu/g, respectively. The most efficient treatment in reducing natural microbiota (i.e., PA) was applied alone and in combination with ultrasound (US). It reduced Salmonella enterica Typhimurium counts to undetectable levels (< 1 log cfu/g). US further reduced S. Typhimurium counts by 0.6 log cfu/g in relation to PA, treatment which lessened the pH but increased the titratable acidity of lettuce, but did not cause total color difference. Therefore, the combination of PA and US holds a potential industrial application for sanitization purposes.

MARKET OF NON-WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS FROM BRAZILIAN SAVANNA

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Sandra Regina Afonso

2009-10-01

Full Text Available In this article, we analyze the main non-wood forest products from Brazilian savanna. We studied the behavior and the growth rates of production and prices of almond of babaçu, oil of copaiba, fiber of buriti, leaf of jaborandi, bark of barbatimão, bark of angico, fruit of mangaba, almonds of pequi, from 1982 to 2005. All the products exhibited decreasing production, with exception of the oil of copaiba and almonds of pequi, which showed positive growth rates: 12.9% and 8.5%, respectively. The analysis of prices for most products was not significant, except for barks of barbatimão and angico, and almonds of pequi, which showed positive trends: 10.9%, 6.7%, and 4.6%, respectively. We believe that results were not significant due to the severe variations of the Brazilian currency in the period. We conclude that pequi is the main product from savanna and that oil of copaiba has the biggest increase in the production because most of the production comes from the whole Brazilian Amazon region.

MERCADO DOS PRODUTOS FLORESTAIS NÃO-MADEIREIROS DO CERRADO BRASILEIRO

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Sandra Regina Afonso

2009-01-01

Full Text Available In this article, we analyze the main non-wood forest products from Brazilian savanna. We studied the behavior and the growth rates of production and prices of almond of babaçu, oil of copaiba, fiber of buriti, leaf of jaborandi, bark of barbatimão, bark of angico, fruit of mangaba, almonds of pequi, from 1982 to 2005. All the products exhibited decreasing production, with exception of the oil of copaiba and almonds of pequi, which showed positive growth rates: 12.9% and 8.5%, respectively. The analysis of prices for most products was not significant, except for barks of barbatimão and angico, and almonds of pequi, which showed positive trends: 10.9%, 6.7%, and 4.6%, respectively. We believe that results were not significant due to the severe variations of the Brazilian currency in the period. We conclude that pequi is the main product from savanna and that oil of copaiba has the biggest increase in the production because most of the production comes from the whole Brazilian Amazon region.

Relation between the occurrence of Burnout and differential pressure fluctuation characteristics caused by the disturbance waves passing by a flow obstacle in a vertical boiling two-phase upward flow in a narrow annular channel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mori, Shoji; Fukano, Tohru

2006-01-01

If a flow obstacle such as a spacer is placed in a boiling two-phase flow within a channel, the temperature on the surface of the heating tube is severely affected by the existence of the spacer. Under certain conditions the spacer has a cooling effect, and under other conditions the spacer causes dryout of the cooling water film on the heating surface, resulting in burnout of the tube. The burnout mechanism near the spacer, however, remains unclear. In a previous paper (Fukano, T., Mori, S., Akamatsu, S., Baba, A., 2002. Relation between temperature fluctuation of a heating surface and generation of drypatch caused by a cylindrical spacer in a vertical boiling two-phase upward flow in a narrow annular channel. Nucl. Eng. Des. 217, 81-90), we reported that the disturbance wave has a significant effect on dryout occurrence. Therefore, in the present paper, the relation between dryout, burnout occurrence, and interval between two successive disturbance waves obtained from the differential pressure fluctuation caused by the disturbance waves passing by a spacer, is further discussed in detail

Evaluating the level and nature of sustainable development for a geothermal power plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Phillips, Jason

2010-01-01

The paper provides for an evaluation of the potential level and nature of sustainable development of the Sabalan geothermal power plant in NW Iran, to be operational in 2011. The paper achieves this by applying a mathematical model of sustainable development developed by the author (re: Phillips), in respect to the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) conducted by Yousefi et al. using the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) methodology (re: Pastakia; Pastakia and Jensen). Using a model application methodology developed for the RIAM, the results indicated that the nature of sustainable development for Sabalan was considered to be very weak (S = 0.063). This was due to the imbalance between negative environmental impacts and positive socio-economic impacts deriving from the project. Further, when placed into context with a similar set of results obtained from the EIA of the Tuzla geothermal power plant by Baba also using the RIAM methodology, then the similarities between the results obtained raises some legimate questions as to the sustainable development credentials of geothermal power production. (author)

Activities for the Promotion of Gender Equality in Japan—Japan Society of Applied Physics

Science.gov (United States)

Kodate, Kashiko; Tanaka, Kazuo

2005-10-01

Since 1946, the Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP) has strived to promote research and development in applied physics for benefits beyond national boundaries. Activities of JSAP involve multidisciplinary fields, from physics and engineering to life sciences. Of its 23,000 members, 48% are from industry, 29% from academia, and about 7% from semi-autonomous national research laboratories. Its large industrial membership is one of the distinctive features of JSAP. In preparation for the First IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics (Paris, 2002), JSAP members took the first step under the strong leadership of then-JSAP President Toshio Goto, setting up the Committee for the Promotion Equal Participation of Men and Women in Science and Technology. Equality rather than women's advancement is highlighted to further development in science and technology. Attention is also paid to balancing the number of researchers from different age groups and affiliations. The committee has 22 members: 12 female and 10 male; 7 from corporations, 12 from universities, and 3 from semi-autonomous national research institutes. Its main activities are to organize symposia and meetings, conduct surveys among JSAP members, and provide child-care facilities at meetings and conferences. In 2002 the Japan Physics Society and the Chemical Society of Japan jointly created the Japan Inter-Society Liaison Association for the Promotion of Equal Participation of Men and Women in Science and Engineering. Membership has grown to 44 societies (of which 19 are observers) ranging from mathematics, information, and life sciences to civil engineering. Joint activities across sectors and empower the whole. The Gender Equality Bureau in the Cabinet Office recently launched a large-scale project called "Challenge Campaign" to encourage girls to major in natural science and engineering, which JSAP is co-sponsoring.

"LETTER TO MY FATHER" BY OĞUZ ATAY OR AN AUTHOR FACING HIS DEAD FATHER/HIMSELF OĞUZ ATAY’DAN “BABAMA MEKTUP” YA DA BİR YAZARIN ÖLEN BABASIYLA/KENDİSİYLE HESAPLAŞMASI

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İbrahim TÜZER

2010-10-01

��baba” birçok edebî metne konu olmuş; farklı yazar ve şairlerimizin eserlerinde değişik kavramlar etrafında işaret edilen birer izlek olarak yer almıştır. Oğuz Atay’ın “Babama Mektup” adlı metninde okurla buluşturulan “baba” figürünün yukarıda ifade edilen dönemler içerisinde dikkat çekilenlerden farklı duran yanları vardır. Bunlardan en belirgin olanı belki de, baba hayattayken başarılamayan iletişimin o öldükten sonra kurulmak istenmesidir. Yazar, babasının yüzüne karşı söylemek isteyip de söyleyemediklerini, ölmüş bedeni karşısında “dil”e getirir. Burada dikkat çeken bir başka nokta ise Atay’ın tüm yapmacıklardan sıyrılarak evreninde sahiciliğin yer aldığı bir dil’i merkez alıyor olmasıdır. Her ne kadar bu dil, edebî metnin kurmaca düzleminden muhatabına ulaşıyor olsa da okuru içerden sarıp sarmalamaktadır. Metnin zengin anlam alanlarına açımlanarak derinleşmesi; yazarın babasıyla olan yaşanmışlıklarının yanına okurun yaşanmışlıklarının da eklemlenerek derin anlam alanlarında çoğalması böyle gerçekleşmektedir. Makalede “Babama Mektup”un bu derin anlam yapısını kurgulayan anlatı formunun ve yazarın kendiyle hesaplaşırken ortaya çıkan söylemlerin özellikleri üzerinde durulacaktır.

A Novel Assay for Easy and Rapid Quantification of Helicobacter pylori Adhesion.

Science.gov (United States)

Skindersoe, Mette E; Rasmussen, Lone; Andersen, Leif P; Krogfelt, Karen A

2015-06-01

Reducing adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to gastric epithelial cells could be a new way to counteract infections with this organism. We here present a novel method for quantification of Helicobacter pylori adhesion to cells. Helicobacter pylori is allowed to adhere to AGS or MKN45g cells in a 96-well microtiter plate. Then wells are added saponin, which lyses the cells without affecting the bacteria. After addition of alamarBlue(®) (resazurin) and 1- to 2-hour incubation, fluorescence measurements can be used to quantify the number of adherent bacteria. By use of the method, we demonstrate that adhesion of both a sabA and babA deletion mutant of H. pylori is significantly reduced compared to the wild type. The method offers a number of applications and may be used to compare the adherence potential of different strains of H. pylori to either cells or different materials or to screen for potential anti-adhesive compounds. The results presented here suggest that this easy and reproducible assay is well suited for quantitative investigation of H. pylori adhesion. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Genetic battle between Helicobacter pylori and humans. The mechanism underlying homologous recombination in bacteria, which can infect human cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Hanada, Katsuhiro; Yamaoka, Yoshio

2014-10-01

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative pathogenic bacterium that colonises the human stomach. The chronic infection it causes results in peptic ulcers and gastric cancers. H. pylori can easily establish a chronic infection even if the immune system attacks this pathogen with oxidative stress agents and immunoglobulins. This is attributed to bacterial defence mechanisms against these stresses. As a defence mechanism against oxidative stresses, in bacterial genomes, homologous recombination can act as a repair pathway of DNA's double-strand breaks (DSBs). Moreover, homologous recombination is also involved in the antigenic variation in H. pylori. Gene conversion alters genomic structures of babA and babB (encoding outer membrane proteins), resulting in escape from immunoglobulin attacks. Thus, homologous recombination in bacteria plays an important role in the maintenance of a chronic infection. In addition, H. pylori infection causes DSBs in human cells. Homologous recombination is also involved in the repair of DSBs in human cells. In this review, we describe the roles of homologous recombination with an emphasis on the maintenance of a chronic infection. Copyright © 2014 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Ecological aspects of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae in palms of the Chapada do Araripe in Ceará, Brazil

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Fernando Braga Stehling Dias

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work is to present aspects related to the ecology of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 in palms from Chapada do Araripe in Ceará, Brazil. The following five species of palms were investigated: babaçu (Attalea speciosa, buriti (Mauritia flexuosa, carnaúba (Copernicia prunifera, catolé (Syagrus oleracea and macaúba-barriguda (Acrocomia intumescens. Fifth palms were dissected (10 specimens for each species. The overall infestation index was 86%, with a total of 521 triatomines collected. The Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909 Index was 16.8% and two insects presented mixed infection with Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920. A precipitin test showed that R. nasutus from palms of Chapada do Araripe are associated with opossum and bird although other possible bloodmeals were observed. Our results showing a high index of infestation of the palms as well as T. cruzi infection, the association of R. nasutus with the most diverse species of palms and proximity of these palms to houses demonstrate the importance of this area for sylvatic T. cruzi transmission and suggest the need for epidemiological surveillance in the region of the Chapada do Araripe.

ANÁLISE DE SUPERFÍCIE DE RESPOSTA DOS BLENDS DO ÓLEO DE MAMONA E BABAÇU

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Francisco Francielle Pinheiro dos Santos

2014-09-01

Full Text Available A mamona, (Ricinus communis L., é uma planta oleaginosa que tem recebido grande destaque no programa brasileiro de biodiesel. O Programa fez a opção pelo plantio da mamona devido as suas características de cultivo, adaptação a múltiplos tipos de solo e características da gestão familiar. No entanto, devido a sua elevada viscosidade, o óleo de mamona tem sido cada vez mais descartado do cenário brasileiro da produção de biodiesel, sendo assim, torna-se necessário a mistura (blends deste óleo com outros de menor viscosidade. Diante deste contexto, temos como objetivo determinar através de análise de superfície de resposta, a faixa de blends entre os óleos de mamona e babaçu que possuam viscosidades aceitáveis de acordo com as normas vigentes. Este trabalho também analisará aspectos reacionais uma vez que leva em consideração a variação da razão molar na reação.

Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy

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El Baba KA

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Khalid A El Baba1, Sami T Azar21Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Bahrain Specialist Hospital, Manama, Bahrain; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, New York, NY, USAAbstract: Timely treatment of thyroid disease during pregnancy is important in preventing adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Thyroid abnormalities are very often subclinical in nature and not easily recognized without specific screening programs. Even mild maternal thyroid hormone deficiency may lead to neurodevelopment complications in the fetus. The main diagnostic indicator of thyroid disease is the measurement of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine levels. Availability of gestation-age-specific thyroid-stimulating hormone thresholds is an important aid in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of thyroid dysfunction. Pregnancy-specific free thyroxine thresholds not presently available are also required. Large-scale intervention trials are urgently needed to assess the efficacy of preconception or early pregnancy screening for thyroid disorders. Accurate interpretation of both antepartum and postpartum levels of thyroid hormones is important in preventing pregnancy-related complication secondary to thyroid dysfunction. This article sheds light on the best ways of management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy in order to prevent any possible maternal or fetal complication.Keywords: TSH, HCG, TBG

Helicobacter pylori and non-malignant diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Matysiak-Budnik, Tamara; Laszewicz, Wiktor; Lamarque, Dominique; Chaussade, Stanislas

2006-10-01

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcers, in particular duodenal ulcers, is decreasing following decreasing prevalence of H. pylori infection, while the frequency of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced and H. pylori-negative idiopathic ulcers is increasing. The incidence of bleeding ulcers has been stable during the last decades. Several putative H. pylori virulence genes, i.e., cag, vacA, babA, or dupA, as well as host-related genetic factors like IL-1beta and TNFalpha-gene polymorphism, have been proposed as risk factors for duodenal ulcer. H. pylori eradication may prevent NSAID complications, in particular, when it is performed before introduction of NSAIDs. There is a complex association between H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and the impact of H. pylori eradication on the appearance of GERD symptoms depends on various host- and bacteria-related factors. Eradication of H. pylori in GERD is recommended in patients before instauration of a long-term PPI treatment to prevent the development of gastric atrophy. A small proportion (10%) of non-ulcer dyspepsia cases may be attributed to H. pylori and may benefit from eradication treatment. A test-and-treat strategy is more cost-effective than prompt endoscopy in the initial management of dyspepsia.

Experimental analysis of plastic materials containing radionuclides for decontamination viability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tazaki, Kazue; Nakano, Mikio; Takehara, Teruaki; Ishigaki, Yasuhito; Nakagawa, Hideaki

2015-01-01

After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident on 11 March, 2011, the high radioactive dosage was found in polluted water for agriculture use at Baba, Haramachi, Minami-Soma, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Field experiment for decontamination of water had been studied by using commercial plastic materials. The agricultural water comes from Tetsuzan dam is full of radioactive-contaminated water. Experimental analysis showed that the plastic materials can take up radioactive elements for several months soaked in the polluted agricultural water. The quantitative analyses using X-ray fluorescence analysis, Ge semiconductor and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS), revealed the detection of the radionuclides on the plastic materials with diatom and clays. The results suggest the adsorption of radionuclides on the surface of plastic materials due to FDNPP accident. The plastic materials associated with clays and diatoms could be stronger carriers of radionuclides in the polluted water. Adherence of diatoms to the plastic fiber in the water for 7 months suggested that some plastic materials were taking up heavy metals (Zn, Ba, Pb, Sb) with radioactive elements (Cs etc.). Mechanisms by which radioactive pollutants and microorganisms are adsorbed onto and desorbed from clays at aqueous interface can be understood by combining chemical analysis with electron microscopy observation. (author)

Avaliação da toxicidade aguda do extrato aquoso do pó do mesocarpo de Orbignya phalerata Mart (babaçu)

OpenAIRE

dos Santos e Silva, Ana Paula; de Sousa, Geane Felix; Mendes de Freitas, Rivelilson; Cunha Nunes, Lívio César

2012-01-01

Objetivos: os efeitos da administração aguda oral do extrato aquoso do pó obtido do mesocarpo de Orbignya phalerata Mart foram investigados sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos em camundongos Swiss machos. Métodos: os animais (n= 5-7/grupo) foram tratados por via oral com as doses de 1, 2 e 3 g/kg de peso corporal, observados durante 24 h e em seguida foi feita a coleta do sangue para avaliação dos parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos. Resultados: o tratamento com extrato aquoso do ...

Biodiesel de babaçu (Orbignya sp. obtido por via etanólica Biodiesel from babassu (Orbignya sp. synthesized via ethanolic route

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José Renato de Oliveira Lima

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Biodiesel was obtained by transesterification of babassu oil in anhydrous ethanol and methanol, employing NaOH as catalyst. The products obtained were characterized by physico-chemical and thermogravimetric analysis. It could be concluded that the properties of the two types of biodiesel (ethanolic and methanolic are very similar when compared with diesel oil.

Beneficial effect of pramipexole for motor function and depression in Parkinson’s disease

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Osamu Kano

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Osamu Kano1,2, Ken Ikeda2, Tetsuhito Kiyozuka2, Konosuke Iwamoto2, Hirono Ito2, Yuji Kawase2, Ryuta Sato2, Toshiki Fujioka2, Yo Araki2, Shigeji Baba2, Yasuo Iwasaki21Department of Neurology, Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Neurology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, JapanAbstract: We examined whether pramipexole (PPX can influence depressive scale in normal and mild depressive parkinsonian patients. In an open study of PPX as an add-on to L-dopa therapy or single administration, 36 nondemented outpatients with Parkinson’s disease (PD were entered first. All were in the stage II or III of Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&Y. PPX were started at 0.125 mg/day and daily doses were increased to 1.5 mg/day. At 3 months after PPX treatment, patients were re-evaluated. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale III, H&Y stage, and freezing of gait questionnaire were compared in patients before and after PPX treatment. These scores were significantly improved after PPX administration. There were no correlations between HAM-D and those motor functions. We suggest that PPX treatment has antidepressant effects in depressive PD patients and also ameliorates HAM-D score in nondepressive PD patients in addition to motor function.Keywords: Parkinson disease, pramipexole, motor function, depression, antidepressant effect

Acetylated Rhamnogalacturonans from Immature Fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus Inhibit the Adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to Human Gastric Cells by Interaction with Outer Membrane Proteins

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Christian Thöle

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Polysaccharide containing extracts from immature fruits of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus are known to exhibit antiadhesive effects against bacterial adhesion of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori to stomach tissue. The present study investigates structural and functional features of polymers responsible for this inhibition of bacterial attachment to host cells. Ammonium sulfate precipitation of an aqueous extract yielded two fractions at 60% and 90% saturation with significant antiadhesive effects against H. pylori, strain J99, (FE60% 68% ± 15%; FE90% 75% ± 11% inhibition rates after preincubation of the bacteria at 1 mg/mL. Sequential extraction of okra fruits yielded hot buffer soluble solids (HBSS with dose dependent antiadhesive effects against strain J99 and three clinical isolates. Preincubation of H. pylori with HBSS (1 mg/mL led to reduced binding to 3ʹ-sialyl lactose, sialylated Lea and Lex. A reduction of bacterial binding to ligands complementary to BabA and SabA was observed when bacteria were pretreated with FE90%. Structural analysis of the antiadhesive polysaccharides (molecular weight, monomer composition, linkage analysis, stereochemistry, and acetylation indicated the presence of acetylated rhamnogalacturonan-I polymers, decorated with short galactose side chains. Deacetylation of HBSS and FE90% resulted in loss of the antiadhesive activity, indicating esterification being a prerequisite for antiadhesive activity.

Chagas' disease in the Amazon Basin: V. Periurban palms as habitats of Rhodnius robustus and Rhodnius pictipes - triatomine vectors of Chagas' disease

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M. A. Miles

1983-12-01

Full Text Available Trypanosoma cruzi infected Rhodnius robustus and/or Rhodnius pictipes were commonly found, in large numbers, in the Brazilian Amazonian palms Maximiliana regia ("inajá", Acrocomia sclerocarpa ("mucajá" and Orbignya speciosa ("babaçu". The common opossum, Didelphis marsupialis, was the animal most frequently associated with triatomine infested palms. R. pictipes, frequently light-attracted into houses from palm trees, was the probable source of an acute case of Chagas' disease in the vicinity of Belém. It is considered that triatomine infested palms are likely to cause some cases of acute Chagas' disease in the States of Amazonas and Rondônia. Possible control methods are suggested.Rhodnius robustus e/ou Rhodnius pictipes, infectados com Trypanosoma cruzi foram comumente encontrados, em grande numero, nas palmeiras Maximiliana regia (inaja, Acrocomia sclerocarpa (mucaja e Orbignya speciosa (babacu na Amazonia brasileira. O marsupial Didelphis marsupialis foi o animal encontrado mais frequentemente nas palmeiras associadas a alta prevalencia de triatomineos. R. pictipes que e atraido pela luz nas residencias de palmeiras vizinhas, provavelmente e a fonte de um caso agudo de doenca de Chagas nas vizinhancas de Belem. Sugere-se que as palmeiras albergando triatomineos poderiam ser relacionadas com infeccoes humanas de doenca de Chagas nos Estados de Amazonas e Rondonia. Sugere-se, tambem, possiveis metodos de controle.

Numerical computation of gravitational field of general extended body and its application to rotation curve study of galaxies

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Fukushima, Toshio

2017-06-01

mass density distribution. Fortran 90 subroutines to execute these methods and their test programs and sample outputs are available from the author's WEB site: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Toshio_Fukushima/

Unmet service needs evaluated by case managers among disabled patients on hemodialysis in Japan

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Sugisawa H

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Hidehiro Sugisawa,1 Toshio Shinoda,2 Yumiko Shimizu,3 Tamaki Kumagai,4 Hiroaki Sugisaki,5 Seiji Ohira6,† 1Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, 2Department of Medical Care Technology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura, 3Department of Community Health Nursing, The Jikei University School of Nursing, Chofu, 4Department of Fundamental Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka, 5Hachioji Azumacho Clinic, Hachioji, Tokyo, 6Sapporo Kita Clinic, Sapporo, Hokkai-do, Japan †Professor Dr. Seiji Ohira passed away on September 5, 2017 Background: This study aimed to investigate the levels of unmet needs for home and ­community-based services (HCBS evaluated by case managers (CMs among disabled patients on hemodialysis (DPHD and to examine factors related to unmet needs. Unmet needs for HCBS were defined as situations in which patients do not use or underuse HCBS despite needing them. Candidates for the factors relating to unmet needs for HCBS included three dimensions: predisposing, enabling, and need factors.Methods: Self-administrated questionnaires were collected from 391 CMs of DPHD certified with long-term care insurance. These were introduced by the dialysis facilities that a member of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians belonged to. CMs were asked questions about their management of each individual case. HCBS included home help, visiting nursing, daycare, and short stay.Results: The prevalence of unmet needs for each HCBS ranged from 32% for home help to 48% for short stay. Barriers to service usage in the patients were associated with unmet needs for all four services. The patients with more severe cognitive malfunction were more likely to have unmet needs for visiting nursing and short stay. Heavier burden with caregiving was associated with more likelihood of unmet needs for home help and short stay

Long-term effect of galantamine on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease versus a simulated disease trajectory: an observational study in the clinical setting

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Nakagawa R

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Ryoko Nakagawa,1 Takashi Ohnishi,1 Hisanori Kobayashi,1 Toshio Yamaoka,2 Tsutomu Yajima,3 Ai Tanimura,4 Toshiya Kato,4 Kazutake Yoshizawa1 1Evidence Generation Department, Medical Affairs Division, 2Clinical Data Management Department, R&D Division, 3Biostatistics Department, Quantitative Science Division, 4Drug Surveillance Department, R&D Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan Background: Long-term maintenance of cognitive function is an important goal of treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD, but evidence about the long-term efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors is sparse. To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of galantamine for AD in routine clinical practice, we conducted a 72-week post-marketing surveillance study. The effect of galantamine on cognitive function was estimated in comparison with a simulated disease trajectory. Patients and methods: Patients with mild-to-moderate AD received flexible dosing of galantamine (16–24 mg/day during this study. Cognitive function was assessed by the mini mental state examination (MMSE and the clinical status was determined by the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I. Changes of the MMSE score without treatment were estimated in each patient using Mendiondo’s model. Generalized linear mixed model analysis was performed to compare the simulated MMSE scores with the actual scores. Results: Of the 661 patients who were enrolled, 642 were evaluable for safety and 554 were assessed for efficacy. The discontinuation rate was 46.73%. Cognitive decline indicated by the mean change of actual MMSE scores was significantly smaller than the simulated decline. Individual analysis demonstrated that >70% of patients had better actual MMSE scores than their simulated scores. Significant improvement of CGI-I was also observed during the observation period. Adverse events occurred in 28.5% of patients and were serious in 8.41%. The reported events generally corresponded with the

PREFACE: 11th International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry (PPC-11)

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Pujari, P. K.; Sudarshan, K.; Dutta, D.

2015-06-01

The International Workshop on Positron and Positronium Chemistry (PPC) is a prestigious triennial conference series with a rich history. The 11th meeting in the series (PPC-11) was held at Cidade de Goa, Goa, India during 9-14, November, 2014. It was organized by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai. The co-organizers were Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP), Kolkata, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam and Indian Association of Nuclear Chemists and Allied Scientists (IANCAS), Mumbai. PPC-11 attracted participants both from academic institutions and industries. About 120 participants from 20 countries representing all continents participated in the conference. The conference continued the tradition of excellence in terms of quality of presentations and discussions. There were 33 plenary and invited talks, 39 oral presentations and 40 posters. The conference stood true to its multidisciplinary tag with papers presented in the fields of fundamentals of positron and positronium chemistry, applications in polymers, porous materials, metals/alloys, studies in liquids, biological applications as well as developments in theory and experimental techniques. The enthusiastic participation of senior researchers and young students made the scientific program a grand success. In order to encourage the student participants (twenty) and promote excellence, a committee of senior members evaluated their presentations and the top three contributions were awarded. The positron and positronium community paid homage to the memory of late Profs. J. Kristiak and A.T. Stewart. A brief sketch of their life and work was presented by Profs. Jan Kuriplach and Toshio Hyodo, respectively. All the papers published in these proceedings have been peer reviewed by the participants of PPC-11. Editors thank all the reviewers for sparing their valuable time and helping us in bringing out the proceedings with 43 contributed articles in the scheduled time. We are

Parâmetros acústicos do contraste de sonoridade das plosivas no desenvolvimento fonológico típico e no desviante Acoustic parameters of the voicing contrast of plosives in typical phonological development and phonological disorder

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Roberta Michelon Melo

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Investigar se as crianças com desvio fonológico apresentam características acústicas distintas de sons plosivos surdos e sonoros das crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico. MÉTODOS:Participaram do estudo 11 crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico e cinco com desvio fonológico e dificuldade na aquisição do traço [+voz] das consoantes plosivas. Por meio de palavras (['papa], ['baba], ['tata], ['dada], ['kaka] e ['gaga] inseridas em frases-veículo, mediu-se o voice onset time, a duração da vogal, a amplitude do burst e a duração da oclusão de cada plosivo. Foram comparados todos os registros acústicos de plosivos surdos e sonoros intra e intergrupo, por meio de testes estatísticos. RESULTADOS: As crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico apresentaram resultados significativos, principalmente, na diferenciação dos parâmetros de voice onset time, duração da vogal e oclusão de plosivos surdos e sonoros, diferentemente do observado para as crianças com desvio fonológico. A comparação entre os dois grupos mostrou diferenças quanto à produção de voice onset time e duração da oclusão dos plosivos sonoros. Com relação aos demais parâmetros analisados, os valores foram aproximados entre os grupos, sem diferença estatística. CONCLUSÃO: A marcação do contraste de sonoridade do grupo desviante mostra-se distinta em relação ao grupo de crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico, principalmente no que se refere ao voice onset time e à duração da oclusão dos segmentos sonoros.PURPOSE: To investigate if children with phonological disorder present different acoustic characteristics of voiceless and voiced plosives from children with typical phonological development. METHODS: Participants were 11 children with typical phonological development and five children with phonological disorder and difficulty to establish the distinctive feature [+voice] of plosives. Through words

Anadolu Kültüründe Nazar ve Nazarlıklar: Safranbolu Örneği /Evil Eye and Amulets in Anatolian Culture: The Case of Safranbolu

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Durmuş Gür

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Öz Bu araştırma, Anadolu kültüründe yer alan nazar inancı ve bu inancın somut bir yansıması olan nazarlıklarla ilgili günümüze ulaşan bazı örnekleri incelemektedir. Araştırma kapsamında, günümüzde Safranbolu’da bulunan sivil ve dini mimaride, özellikle su yapılarında görülen nazarlık çeşitleri, teknik, tür ve çeşitlilik açısından incelenmiş ve fotoğraflarla belgelenmiştir. Safranbolu’nun Bağlarbaşı, Kıranköy (Atatürk Mahallesi, Gümüş, Hacı Halil, Baba Sultan, Çeşme, Karaali, Çavuş Mahalleleri’ndeki mimari eserlerde bulunan nazarlıklar, araştırma konumuzun kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada önce nazar inancı ile ilgili yaklaşımlar ve bu inancın tarihi kökenleri incelenmiştir. Daha sonra nazara inanan insanların, kötü niyetli insanların bakışlarıyla yaydıkları olumsuz enerjiyi başka alanlara yönlendirebilmek amacıyla kullanmış oldukları nazarlıklar incelenmiştir. Kullanılan nazarlık çeşitleri sınıflandırılarak benzer uygulamalar aynı başlık altında incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın son kısmında ise bu nazarlıkların özelliklerini gösteren bir tablo ile birlikte kullanılan malzeme ve teknikler hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ayrıca, araştırma evreninde yer alan nazarlıklara ait bazı fotoğraflar araştırma sonuna eklenmiştir. Abstract This article examines the belief in evil eye in Anatolian culture and its concrete reflection, using amulets to defend oneself against it. The aim of this essay is to investigate and to certificate the types of amulets in civil and religious architecture, especially in water structures, in Safranbolu. In the study, the amulets existing in Baglarbasi, Kirankoy, Gumus, Haci Halil, Baba Sultan, Cesme, Karaali, and Cavus districts of Safranbolu is handled. The first part of the article examines the belief in evil eye and the historical basis of this belief. The second part examines the amulets used by the

Alzheimer random walk

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Odagaki, Takashi; Kasuya, Keisuke

2017-09-01

Using the Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate a memory-impaired self-avoiding walk on a square lattice in which a random walker marks each of sites visited with a given probability p and makes a random walk avoiding the marked sites. Namely, p = 0 and p = 1 correspond to the simple random walk and the self-avoiding walk, respectively. When p> 0, there is a finite probability that the walker is trapped. We show that the trap time distribution can well be fitted by Stacy's Weibull distribution b(a/b){a+1}/{b}[Γ({a+1}/{b})]-1x^a\\exp(-a/bx^b)} where a and b are fitting parameters depending on p. We also find that the mean trap time diverges at p = 0 as p- α with α = 1.89. In order to produce sufficient number of long walks, we exploit the pivot algorithm and obtain the mean square displacement and its Flory exponent ν(p) as functions of p. We find that the exponent determined for 1000 step walks interpolates both limits ν(0) for the simple random walk and ν(1) for the self-avoiding walk as [ ν(p) - ν(0) ] / [ ν(1) - ν(0) ] = pβ with β = 0.388 when p ≪ 0.1 and β = 0.0822 when p ≫ 0.1. Contribution to the Topical Issue "Continuous Time Random Walk Still Trendy: Fifty-year History, Current State and Outlook", edited by Ryszard Kutner and Jaume Masoliver.

Manipulation of pH Shift to Enhance the Growth and Antibiotic Activity of Xenorhabdus nematophila

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Yonghong Wang

2011-01-01

Full Text Available To evaluate the effects of pH control strategy on cell growth and the production of antibiotic (cyclo(2-Me-BABA-Gly by Xenorhabdus nematophila and enhance the antibiotic activity. The effects of uncontrolled- (different initial pH and controlled-pH (different constant pH and pH-shift operations on cell growth and antibiotic activity of X. nematophila YL00I were examined. Experiments showed that the optimal initial pH for cell growth and antibiotic production of X. nematophila YL001 occurred at 7.0. Under different constant pH, a pH level of 7.5 was found to be optimal for biomass and antibiotic activity at 23.71 g/L and 100.0 U/mL, respectively. Based on the kinetic information relating to the different constant pH effects on the fermentation of X. nematophila YL001, a two-stage pH control strategy in which pH 6.5 was maintained for the first 24 h, and then switched to 7.5 after 24 h, was established to improve biomass production and antibiotic activity. By applying this pH-shift strategy, the maximal antibiotic activity and productivity were significantly improved and reaching 185.0 U/mL and 4.41 U/mL/h, respectively, compared to values obtained from constant pH operation (100.0 U/mL and 1.39 U/mL/h.

OPTN gene: profile of patients with glaucoma from India.

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Sripriya, S; Nirmaladevi, J; George, R; Hemamalini, A; Baskaran, M; Prema, R; Ve Ramesh, S; Karthiyayini, T; Amali, J; Job, S; Vijaya, L; Kumaramanickavel, G

2006-07-24

Optineurin gene (OPTN) mutations are reported in primary open angle glaucoma patients (POAG) from different populations. The coding and noncoding regions of OPTN were screened for mutations in 100 Indian high tension glaucoma patients (HTG). The frequency of the OPTN M98K mutation in an additional 120 patients (70 HTG and 50 normal tension glaucoma [NTG]) was analyzed by restriction enzyme digestion. The HTG patients (about 40 years of age) were characterized by open angles on gonioscopy, with raised intraocular pressure (IOP) more than 21 mmHg (A polymorphism was attempted with AliBaba software (version 2.1). Six sequence alterations were observed in the 100 POAG patients by direct sequencing. The M98K substitution was observed in a total of 10 patients (7/170 HTG and 3/50 NTG) contributing to 4.1% in HTG and 6% in the NTG group and not in the controls. The IVS7+24G>A nucleotide change showed a significant difference in the HTG group (7/100) when compared to the control group (0/100) and found to be associated with increased IOP at diagnosis (p=0.03). The IVS7+24G>A polymorphism resulted in the creation of binding sites for transcription factors NF-1 and CPE that were not present in the wild type. The current study suggests a possible role of SNPs rather than mutations in OPTN in POAG pathology in the Indian population.

THE EVALUATION OF 7-th GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ GRAMMAR SKILLS IN TERMS OF SOCIOCULTURAL VARIABLES: ERZİNCAN SAMPLE İLKÖĞRETİM 7. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN DİL BİLGİSİ BECERİLERİNİN SOSYOKÜLTÜREL DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ERZİNCAN ÖRNEĞİ

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Oğuzhan YILMAZ

2012-06-01

varsayımını karşılamadığı durumlarda Kruskal Wallis HTestine müracaat edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda kendine ait bir kütüphanesi olan öğrencilerin dil bilgisi becerileri bakımından üst düzeyde olduğu tespit edilirken, cinsiyet, aylık gelir, anne-baba mesleği, anne-baba eğitim düzeyi, oturulan evin mülkiyet durumu, kendine ait oda durumu, eve gazete alma alışkanlığı, ders çalışma ve boş zamanları değerlendirme faaliyetleri gibi değişkenlerin öğrencilerin dil bilgisi becerileri üzerinde etkili olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Caracterização fitofisionômica e levantamento florístico preliminar no Pantanal dos Rios Mortes-Araguaia, Cocalinho, Mato Grosso, Brasil Vegetation types and preliminary floristic survey in the Mortes-Araguaia Pantanal, Cocalinho, Mato Grosso, Brazil

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Beatriz Schwantes Marimon

2001-08-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo realizou-se no Pantanal dos Rios Mortes-Araguaia, extensa planície inundável localizada no municípo de Cocalinho, nordeste de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Efetuou-se uma caracterização fitofisionômica e um levantamento florístico preliminar da região. Foram selecionados três Sítios, com fitofisionomias representativas: proximidades do Rio das Mortes (12° 37'S; 50° 55'W, foz do Rio das Mortes com o Araguaia (11° 54'S; 50° 48'W e porção mediana do Rio Cristalino (12° 52'S; 50° 49'W. O método de amostragem adotado foi o de levantamentos rápidos. Foram identificadas oito fitofisionomias: Mata Inundável, Caapão, Babaçual, Cerradão, Cerrado stricto sensu, Campo de Murunduns, Campo de Byrsonima orbignyana e Campo Cerrado de Vochysia rufa. Foram levantadas 248 espécies de árvores, arbustos, sub-arbustos e lianas, distribuídas em 158 gêneros e 62 famílias. As fitofisionomias apresentaram um padrão heterogêneo, sendo que nenhuma das espécies ocorreu em todas elas. Porém, Alibertia edulis (L. Rich. A. Rich., Andira cuyabensis Benth., Maprounea guianensis (Aubl. M. Arg., entre outras, ocorreram em seis das oito fitofisionomias. As famílias com maior riqueza foram: Caesalpiniaceae, Annonaceae e Myrtaceae. Ocorreram algumas semelhanças florísticas com o Pantanal do Rio Paraguai, porém, são necessários estudos mais aprofundados para confirmar. Os padrões de heterogeneidade fitofisionômica indicam que a área estudada necessita de medidas conservacionistas.This study was carried out in the Pantanal of the Mortes and Araguaia rivers, a flooded plain located in Cocalinho, northeastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. The objectives of this study were to conduct a preliminary survey of the flora and to characterize the vegetation types. Three representative sites were selected: one near Rio das Mortes (12° 37'S; 50° 55'W, one at the mouth of Araguaia and Mortes rivers (11° 54'S; 50° 48'W and one in the middle portion of

"Kissing the crone": on a Slavic and pre-Slavic mythological figure

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Katja Hrobat Virgolet

2012-07-01

, crawling under the skirt of the ‘baba’ (the oldest woman in the village is believed to protect from diseases and bring fertility. The ‘baba’ is most commonly associated with a mountain, which could point to the wider Eurasian representations of the mountain as the earth and a woman/mother. The Karst tradition which has it that a person falling on the ground has kissed ‘the snotty baba’ could also suggest that the ‘snotty baba’ is nothing but the earth itself. As stone monoliths or mountain names, ‘Babas’ commonly appear in the vicinity of archaeological sites. The toponyms show a pattern of the Baba opposed to a celestial male deity (Slavic Perun, often in a tripartite structure. The lasciviousness of the traditions about the ‘baba’ can be compared to those surrounding the Slavic goddess Mokosh. Both figures are associated with adjectives of moisture, debauchery, sexual traits, and to Mother Earth. However, the analogies go beyond the Slavic world. The traditions of ‘kissing the crone on the buttocks’ on going somewhere for the first time are known also in Liguria, the valleys of Adda and Mera, and Friuli in northern Italy, in Benevento in southern Italy, and in France up to Brittany. Like in Slovenia, people in northern Italy used to predict bad weather by observing the mountain ridge named after the ‘baba’ or ‘crone’. Moreover, Liguria has the same saying about falling down on the ground as the Karst tradition mentioned above. The widespread analogies all over Europe suggest a much more ancient background for the ‘baba’ than has been supposed. Particularly striking is the similarity between such specific grotesque, lascivious traditions as ‘kissing the baba or blowing up her buttocks’. The ‘Baba’ is an ambivalent folklore figure. Her degraded principle can be seen in horrifying representations and in the threats with repulsive, muddy, and snotty ‘crones’ on entering a town, in her connection with a sudden cold, winter

Clinical outcomes of endoscope-assisted vitrectomy for treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

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Yokoyama S

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Sho Yokoyama,1 Takashi Kojima,2 Toshio Mori,3 Taisuke Matsuda,1 Hiroyuki Sato,3 Norihiko Yoshida,4 Tatsushi Kaga,1 R Theodore Smith,5 Kazuo Ichikawa6 1Department of Ophthalmology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Chukyo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Iida Municipal Hospital, Iida, Japan; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Gifu Hospital, Gifu, Japan; 5Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; 6Chukyo Eye Clinic, Nagoya, Japan Summary: We evaluated the clinical outcomes for ophthalmic endoscope-assisted vitrectomy in consecutive patients with uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD. The primary success rate was 98.4% (125/127 without performing a posterior drainage retinotomy or using perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCL for subretinal fluid drainage.Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcomes of endoscope-assisted vitrectomy in patients with uncomplicated RRD.Methods: We examined 127 eyes from consecutive patients who underwent repair of RRD by 23- or 25-gauge endoscope-assisted vitrectomy, with a minimum follow-up of 3 months. Eyes with the following criteria were excluded: Giant retinal tears, grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy, dense vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment secondary to other ocular diseases, and prior retinal or vitreous surgery. All cases underwent subretinal fluid drainage, endolaser photocoagulation and fundus inspection were performed under ophthalmic endoscopic observation. Success rate, visual acuity, surgery time and complications were evaluated.Results: Primary and final success rate was 98.4% (125/127 and 100% (127/127, respectively, Surgery time was 59.6±26.3 minutes. The best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from 20/100 to 20/20 (P<0.0001. There were 2 cases (1.6% of creation of a peripheral drainage retinotomy and 4

The social functional outcome of being naturalistically treated with paliperidone extended-release in patients with schizophrenia

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Nakagawa R

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Ryoko Nakagawa,1 Takashi Ohnishi,1 Hisanori Kobayashi,1 Akihide Wakamatsu,2 Ai Tanimura,3 Kazuo Morita,3 Toshio Yamaoka,3 Hideo Usui,3 Yoshimasa Ogawa,3 Akiko Fujino,3 Kazutake Yoshizawa11Evidence Generation Department, Medical Affairs Division, 2Medical Affairs Strategy Department, Medical Affairs Division, 3Drug Safety Surveillance Department, Japan Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, JapanBackground: Social functioning is an important outcome for patients with schizophrenia. To evaluate the effects of paliperidone extended-release (PAL-ER on social function, symptomatology, and safety in the routine clinical practice, we conducted a 1-year post-marketing surveillance study of PAL-ER. We also explored relationships between symptomatic improvement and socially functional outcome in patients with schizophrenia.Patients and methods: Patients with an established diagnosis of schizophrenia were allowed flexible 3–12 mg/day dosing during the surveillance. Patients were assessed on social functioning using the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS and on symptomatology using the Clinical Global Impression–Schizophrenia scale. All adverse events (AEs were also collected.Results: A total of 1,429 patients were enrolled in the surveillance study, of whom 1,405 were evaluable for safety and 1,142 were evaluable for efficacy. The treatment discontinuation rate for any reason during the observation period was 34.66%. Significant improvements were observed on both Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale and Clinical Global Impression–Schizophrenia scale during the observation period. The percentage of patients with socially functional remission (SOFAS ≥61 also increased significantly. A significant association between early improvements in positive symptoms, sex, severity of negative symptoms at baseline, and socially functional remission was observed. A total of 33.52% of patients

Genomic Analysis Reveals Hypoxia Adaptation in the Tibetan Mastiff by Introgression of the Gray Wolf from the Tibetan Plateau.

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Miao, Benpeng; Wang, Zhen; Li, Yixue

2017-03-01

The Tibetan Mastiff (TM), a native of the Tibetan Plateau, has quickly adapted to the extreme highland environment. Recently, the impact of positive selection on the TM genome was studied and potential hypoxia-adaptive genes were identified. However, the origin of the adaptive variants remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the signature of genetic introgression in the adaptation of TMs with dog and wolf genomic data from different altitudes in close geographic proximity. On a genome-wide scale, the TM was much more closely related to other dogs than wolves. However, using the 'ABBA/BABA' test, we identified genomic regions from the TM that possibly introgressed from Tibetan gray wolf. Several of the regions, including the EPAS1 and HBB loci, also showed the dominant signature of selective sweeps in the TM genome. We validated the introgression of the two loci by excluding the possibility of convergent evolution and ancestral polymorphisms and examined the haplotypes of all available canid genomes. The estimated time of introgression based on a non-coding region of the EPAS1 locus mostly overlapped with the Paleolithic era. Our results demonstrated that the introgression of hypoxia adaptive genes in wolves from the highland played an important role for dogs living in hypoxic environments, which indicated that domestic animals could acquire local adaptation quickly by secondary contact with their wild relatives. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

A designated centre for people with disabilities operated by Nua Healthcare Services, Clare

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Backert, Steffen

2011-11-01

Abstract Helicobacter pylori is a highly successful pathogen uniquely adapted to colonize humans. Gastric infections with this bacterium can induce pathology ranging from chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers to gastric cancer. More virulent H. pylori isolates harbour numerous well-known adhesins (BabA\\/B, SabA, AlpA\\/B, OipA and HopZ) and the cag (cytotoxin-associated genes) pathogenicity island encoding a type IV secretion system (T4SS). The adhesins establish tight bacterial contact with host target cells and the T4SS represents a needle-like pilus device for the delivery of effector proteins into host target cells such as CagA. BabA and SabA bind to blood group antigen and sialylated proteins respectively, and a series of T4SS components including CagI, CagL, CagY and CagA have been shown to target the integrin β1 receptor followed by injection of CagA across the host cell membrane. The interaction of CagA with membrane-anchored phosphatidylserine may also play a role in the delivery process. While substantial progress has been made in our current understanding of many of the above factors, the host cell receptors for OipA, HopZ and AlpA\\/B during infection are still unknown. Here we review the recent progress in characterizing the interactions of the various adhesins and structural T4SS proteins with host cell factors. The contribution of these interactions to H. pylori colonization and pathogenesis is discussed.

The significance of virulence factors in Helicobacter pylori.

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Shiota, Seiji; Suzuki, Rumiko; Yamaoka, Yoshio

2013-07-01

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is linked to various gastroduodenal diseases; however, only a small fraction of these patients develop associated diseases. Despite the high prevalence of H. pylori infection in Africa and South Asia, the incidence of gastric cancer in these areas is much lower than those in other countries. The incidence of gastric cancer tends to decrease from north to south in East Asia. Such geographical differences in the pathology can be explained, at least in part, by the presence of different types of H. pylori virulence factors in addition to host and environmental factors. Virulence factors of H. pylori, such as CagA, VacA, DupA, IceA, OipA and BabA, have been demonstrated to be the predictors of severe clinical outcomes. Interestingly, a meta-analysis showed that CagA seropositivity was associated with gastric cancer compared with gastritis, even in East Asian countries where almost the strains possess cagA. Another meta-analysis also confirmed the significance of vacA, dupA and iceA. However, it is possible that additional important pathogenic genes may exist because H. pylori consists of approximately 1600 genes. Despite the advances in our understanding of the development of H. pylori infection-related diseases, further work is required to clarify the roles of H. pylori virulence factors. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Digestive Diseases © 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd and Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.

Mortalidad de vertebrados en la carretera Guanare-Guanarito, estado Portuguesa, Venezuela

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Andrés Eloy Seijas

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Uno de los aspectos más investigados en relación a la “ecología de la carretera” es el atropellamiento de vertebrados silvestres. Se evaluó la distribución espacial y temporal de los atropellos de vertebrados en la carretera Guanare-Guanarito, estado Portuguesa, Venezuela. Desde 2008 hasta el 2010 se realizaron 26 viajes en carro a lo largo de 74km, a 50-60km/h, para un total recorrido de 1 924km. Se encontraron 464 animales muertos: 66 aves (25 especies, 130 mamíferos (15 especies y 268 reptiles (18 especies. La serpiente Leptodeira annulata (n=119, el rabipelado Didelphis marsupialis (n=39 y la baba Caiman crocodilus (n=33 fueron las especies con mayor frecuencia de atropellos. Excluyendo a los animales domésticos, se localizaron 0.2282indviv./km; cifra 28.30% mayor que la reportada en estudios previos en la misma vía. Los cambios en la frecuencia relativa de atropellos de algunas especies con respecto a los reportados hace 20 años, se relacionan con el incremento en el flujo vehicular y por modificaciones en el uso de la tierra. Se identificaron segmentos donde el número de individuos atropellados supera al esperado por azar. Los atropellos pudieran ser la principal causa de mortalidad para especies como el oso melero (Tamandua tetradactyla y el oso hormiguero (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, esta última considerada como una especie vulnerable. Se recomiendan algunas medidas básicas para disminuir la mortalidad de fauna en la carretera.

A study on risk factors of breast cancer among patients attending the tertiary care hospital, in Udupi district

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Ramchandra Kamath

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Cancer has become one of the ten leading causes of death in India. Breast cancer is the most common diagnosed malignancy in India, it ranks second to cervical cancer. An increasing trend in incidence is reported from various registries of national cancer registry project and now India is a country with largest estimated number of breast cancer deaths worldwide. Aim: To study the factors associated with breast cancer. Objectives: To study the association between breast cancer and selected exposure variables and to identify risk factors for breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A hospital based Case control study was conducted at Shirdi Sai Baba Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Manipal, Udupi District. Results: Total 188 participants were included in the study, 94 cases and 94 controls. All the study participants were between 25 to 69 years of age group. The cases and controls were matched by ± 2 years age range. Non vegetarian diet was one of the important risk factors (OR 2.80, CI 1.15-6.81. More than 7 to 12 years of education (OR 4.84 CI 1.51-15.46 had 4.84 times risk of breast cancer as compared with illiterate women. Conclusion: The study suggests that non vegetarian diet is the important risk factor for Breast Cancer and the risk of Breast Cancer is more in educated women as compared with the illiterate women. Limitation: This is a Hospital based study so generalisability of the findings could be limited.

Robustness analysis of interdependent networks under multiple-attacking strategies

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Gao, Yan-Li; Chen, Shi-Ming; Nie, Sen; Ma, Fei; Guan, Jun-Jie

2018-04-01

The robustness of complex networks under attacks largely depends on the structure of a network and the nature of the attacks. Previous research on interdependent networks has focused on two types of initial attack: random attack and degree-based targeted attack. In this paper, a deliberate attack function is proposed, where six kinds of deliberate attacking strategies can be derived by adjusting the tunable parameters. Moreover, the robustness of four types of interdependent networks (BA-BA, ER-ER, BA-ER and ER-BA) with different coupling modes (random, positive and negative correlation) is evaluated under different attacking strategies. Interesting conclusions could be obtained. It can be found that the positive coupling mode can make the vulnerability of the interdependent network to be absolutely dependent on the most vulnerable sub-network under deliberate attacks, whereas random and negative coupling modes make the vulnerability of interdependent network to be mainly dependent on the being attacked sub-network. The robustness of interdependent network will be enhanced with the degree-degree correlation coefficient varying from positive to negative. Therefore, The negative coupling mode is relatively more optimal than others, which can substantially improve the robustness of the ER-ER network and ER-BA network. In terms of the attacking strategies on interdependent networks, the degree information of node is more valuable than the betweenness. In addition, we found a more efficient attacking strategy for each coupled interdependent network and proposed the corresponding protection strategy for suppressing cascading failure. Our results can be very useful for safety design and protection of interdependent networks.

Changes in visual function and thickness of macula after photodynamic therapy for age-related macular degeneration

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Kyoko Okada

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Kyoko Okada, Mariko Kubota-Taniai, Masayasu Kitahashi, Takayuki Baba, Yoshinori Mitamura, Shuichi YamamotoDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JapanPurpose: To determine the correlation between the changes in the central retinal sensitivity and the changes in the foveal thickness (FT after photodynamic therapy (PDT for age-related macular degeneration (AMD.Methods: Nineteen eyes of 19 patients with choroidal neovasularizations (CNVs secondary to AMD were studied. The pretreatment values of the central retinal sensitivity determined by Micro Perimeter 1 (MP1; Nidek Technologies, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, and optical coherence tomography (OCT-determined FT were compared to the postoperative values at three and six months after PDT.Results: At six months, the retinal sensitivity within the central 10° was significantly improved (P = 0.02 and the FT was significantly thinner (P = 0.016. The BCVA, however, did not change significantly (P = 0.80. The changes in the retinal sensitivities were significantly correlated with the changes in the decrease in the FT (r = -0.59, P = 0.012 within the central 10° at six months after PDT.Conclusion: Significant improvements in retinal sensitivities within the central 10° and a decrease in FT were observed even though the BCVA was not significantly improved. The measurement of retinal sensitivity by MP1 may be a better method to assess central visual function than the conventional visual acuity after PDT.Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, fundus-related microperimetry, optical coherence tomography, photodynamic therapy

Frequency of virulence factors in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients with gastritis.

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Salimzadeh, Loghman; Bagheri, Nader; Zamanzad, Behnam; Azadegan-Dehkordi, Fatemeh; Rahimian, Ghorbanali; Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori, Morteza; Rafieian-Kopaei, Mahmoud; Sanei, Mohammad Hossein; Shirzad, Hedayatollah

2015-03-01

The outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection has been related to specific virulence-associated bacterial genotypes. The vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA), cagA gene, oipA and babA2 gene are important virulence factor involving gastric diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between virulence factors of H. pylori and histopathological findings. Gastroduodenoscopy was performed in 436 dyspeptic patients. Antrum biopsy was obtained for detection of H. pylori, virulence factors and for histopathological assessment. The polymerase chain reaction was used to detect virulence factors of H. pylori using specific primers. vacA genotypes in patients infected with H. pylori were associated with cagA, iceA1 and iceA2. In the patients with H. pylori infection there was a significant relationship between cagA positivity and neutrophil activity (P = 0.004) and chronic inflammation (P = 0.013) and with H. pylori density (P = 0.034). Neutrophil infiltration was found to be more severe in the s1 group than in the s2 group (P = 0.042). Also was a significant relationship between oipA positivity and neutrophil activity (P = 0.004) and with H. pylori density (P = 0.018). No significant relationships were observed between other vacA genotypes and histopathological parameters. H. pylori strains showing cagA, vacA s1 and oipA positivity are associated with more severe gastritis in some histological features but virulence factors of H. pylori do not appear to determine the overall pattern of gastritis. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Molecular mechanisms of gastric epithelial cell adhesion and injection of CagA by Helicobacter pylori

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Backert Steffen

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Helicobacter pylori is a highly successful pathogen uniquely adapted to colonize humans. Gastric infections with this bacterium can induce pathology ranging from chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers to gastric cancer. More virulent H. pylori isolates harbour numerous well-known adhesins (BabA/B, SabA, AlpA/B, OipA and HopZ and the cag (cytotoxin-associated genes pathogenicity island encoding a type IV secretion system (T4SS. The adhesins establish tight bacterial contact with host target cells and the T4SS represents a needle-like pilus device for the delivery of effector proteins into host target cells such as CagA. BabA and SabA bind to blood group antigen and sialylated proteins respectively, and a series of T4SS components including CagI, CagL, CagY and CagA have been shown to target the integrin β1 receptor followed by injection of CagA across the host cell membrane. The interaction of CagA with membrane-anchored phosphatidylserine may also play a role in the delivery process. While substantial progress has been made in our current understanding of many of the above factors, the host cell receptors for OipA, HopZ and AlpA/B during infection are still unknown. Here we review the recent progress in characterizing the interactions of the various adhesins and structural T4SS proteins with host cell factors. The contribution of these interactions to H. pylori colonization and pathogenesis is discussed.

Preventive effects of a phospholipid polymer coating on PMMA on biofilm formation by oral streptococci

Science.gov (United States)

Shibata, Yukie; Yamashita, Yoshihisa; Tsuru, Kanji; Ishihara, Kazuhiko; Fukazawa, Kyoko; Ishikawa, Kunio

2016-12-01

The regulation of biofilm formation on dental materials such as denture bases is key to oral health. Recently, a biocompatible phospholipid polymer, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-n-butyl methacrylate) (PMB) coating, was reported to inhibit sucrose-dependent biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans, a cariogenic bacterium, on the surface of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture bases. However, S. mutans is a minor component of the oral microbiome and does not play an important role in biofilm formation in the absence of sucrose. Other, more predominant oral streptococci must play an indispensable role in sucrose-independent biofilm formation. In the present study, the effect of PMB coating on PMMA was evaluated using various oral streptococci that are known to be initial colonizers during biofilm formation on tooth surfaces. PMB coating on PMMA drastically reduced sucrose-dependent tight biofilm formation by two cariogenic bacteria (S. mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus), among seven tested oral streptococci, as described previously [N. Takahashi, F. Iwasa, Y. Inoue, H. Morisaki, K. Ishihara, K. Baba, J. Prosthet. Dent. 112 (2014) 194-203]. Streptococci other than S. mutans and S. sobrinus did not exhibit tight biofilm formation even in the presence of sucrose. On the other hand, all seven species of oral streptococci exhibited distinctly reduced glucose-dependent soft biofilm retention on PMB-coated PMMA. We conclude that PMB coating on PMMA surfaces inhibits biofilm attachment by initial colonizer oral streptococci, even in the absence of sucrose, indicating that PMB coating may help maintain clean conditions on PMMA surfaces in the oral cavity.

Molecular mechanisms of gastric epithelial cell adhesion and injection of CagA by Helicobacter pylori

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Backert, Steffen

2011-11-01

Abstract Helicobacter pylori is a highly successful pathogen uniquely adapted to colonize humans. Gastric infections with this bacterium can induce pathology ranging from chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers to gastric cancer. More virulent H. pylori isolates harbour numerous well-known adhesins (BabA\\/B, SabA, AlpA\\/B, OipA and HopZ) and the cag (cytotoxin-associated genes) pathogenicity island encoding a type IV secretion system (T4SS). The adhesins establish tight bacterial contact with host target cells and the T4SS represents a needle-like pilus device for the delivery of effector proteins into host target cells such as CagA. BabA and SabA bind to blood group antigen and sialylated proteins respectively, and a series of T4SS components including CagI, CagL, CagY and CagA have been shown to target the integrin β1 receptor followed by injection of CagA across the host cell membrane. The interaction of CagA with membrane-anchored phosphatidylserine may also play a role in the delivery process. While substantial progress has been made in our current understanding of many of the above factors, the host cell receptors for OipA, HopZ and AlpA\\/B during infection are still unknown. Here we review the recent progress in characterizing the interactions of the various adhesins and structural T4SS proteins with host cell factors. The contribution of these interactions to H. pylori colonization and pathogenesis is discussed.

The profile of Brazilian agriculture as source of raw material to obtain organic cosmetics

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Neila de Paula Pereira

2017-05-01

Full Text Available With one of the most notable floras in the world for sustainable research, the Brazilian Amazon region currently counts on financial incentives from the Brazilian Government for private national and foreign businesses. The ongoing implantation of a Biocosmetics Research and Development Network (REDEBIO aims to stimulate research involving natural resources from the Brazilian states that make up the zone defined as “Amazônia Legal”. The objective of this region, still under development in Brazil, is principally to aggregate value to products manufactured in small local industries through the use of sustainable technology currently being established. Certain certified raw materials already included in the country’s sustainability program, have also begun to be cultivated according to the requirements of organic cultivation (Neves, 2009. The majority are species of Amazonian vegetation: Euterpe oleracea (Açai, Orbignya martiana (Babaçu, Theobroma grandi-florum (Cupuaçu, Carapas guianensis (Andiroba, Pentaclethra macroloba (Pracaxi, Copaifera landesdorffi (Copaiba, Platonia insignis (Bacuri, Theobroma cacao (Cacao, Virola surinamensis (Ucuuba and Bertholletia excelsa (Brazil nut. These generate phytopreparations, such as oils, extracts, and dyes that are widely used in the manufacture of Brazilian organic cosmetics with scientifically proven topical and capillary benefits. In the final balance, Brazilian organic cosmetics should continue to gain force over the next few years, especially with the regulation of the organic cosmetics market that is being drafted by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture. Moreover, lines of ecologically aware products that provide quality of life for both for rural and metropolitan communities show a tendency to occupy greater space in the market.

Comparison of Water Turbidity Removal Efficiencies of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract and Poly-aluminum Chloride

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Bijan Bina

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in water treatment plants. Metal salts such as aluminum sulphate and ferric chloride are commonly used in the coagulation process in Iran. Poly-aluminum chloride (PAC has been used recently in Baba-Sheykhali Water Treatment Plant in Isfahan. Synthetic coagulants have health problems associated with them and are additionally uneconomical for use in developing countries. In this study, PAC and Moringa oleifera seed extract were compared for their efficiency as coagulants. Moringa oleifera, locally called “oil gaz” in Iran, grows in southern parts of Iran. One variety of this tree, Moringa progeria, is indigenous to Iran. For the purposes of this study, lab experiments were performed using distilled water containing synthetic caoline. Four turbidity levels of 10, 50, 500, and1000 (NTU and four pH levels of 5, 6, 7, and 8 were used for the jar test. It was found that oleifera seed extract was capable of removing 98, 97, 89, and 55% of the turbidity in the four experiments at optimum concentration levels of 10-30 (mg/l for all four pH levels of 6 to 8, respectively. PAC, in contrast, removed 99, 98, 95, and 89% of the turbidity at optimum concentrations of 20-30 (mg/l for a pH level of 8. The results indicate that Moringa oleifera seed extract has little effect on pH level and enjoys higher removal efficiency for higher turbidity levels. Reducing pH level decreased PAC turbidity removal efficiency.

Deep-sea squat lobsters of the genus Paramunida Baba, 1988 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Munididae) from north-western Australia: new records and description of three new species.

Science.gov (United States)

Mccallum, Anna W; Cabezas, Patricia; Andreakis, Nikos

2016-10-04

Six species of Paramunida are reported from the continental margin of north-western Australia. Three species are new to science: Paramunida christinae sp. nov., P. ioannis sp. nov., and P. spiniantennata sp. nov. Two species are reported for the first time from Australian waters, P. evexa Macpherson, 1996 and P. tricarinata (Alcock, 1894). These species were confirmed by molecular evidence from the mitochondrial markers ND1 and 16S. We also examine phylogenetic relationships within the genus, and provide an identification key for all known Paramunida species.

Electron Microscopic, Genetic and Protein Expression Analyses of Helicobacter acinonychis Strains from a Bengal Tiger

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Tegtmeyer, Nicole; Rivas Traverso, Francisco; Rohde, Manfred; Oyarzabal, Omar A.; Lehn, Norbert; Schneider-Brachert, Wulf; Ferrero, Richard L.; Fox, James G.; Berg, Douglas E.; Backert, Steffen

2013-01-01

Colonization by Helicobacter species is commonly noted in many mammals. These infections often remain unrecognized, but can cause severe health complications or more subtle host immune perturbations. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize putative novel Helicobacter spp. from Bengal tigers in Thailand. Morphological investigation (Gram-staining and electron microscopy) and genetic studies (16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, flagellin, urease and prophage gene analyses, RAPD DNA fingerprinting and restriction fragment polymorphisms) as well as Western blotting were used to characterize the isolated Helicobacters. Electron microscopy revealed spiral-shaped bacteria, which varied in length (2.5–6 µm) and contained up to four monopolar sheathed flagella. The 16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, sequencing and protein expression analyses identified novel H. acinonychis isolates closely related to H. pylori. These Asian isolates are genetically very similar to H. acinonychis strains of other big cats (cheetahs, lions, lion-tiger hybrid and other tigers) from North America and Europe, which is remarkable in the context of the great genetic diversity among worldwide H. pylori strains. We also found by immunoblotting that the Bengal tiger isolates express UreaseA/B, flagellin, BabA adhesin, neutrophil-activating protein NapA, HtrA protease, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase GGT, Slt lytic transglycosylase and two DNA transfer relaxase orthologs that were known from H. pylori, but not the cag pathogenicity island, nor CagA, VacA, SabA, DupA or OipA proteins. These results give fresh insights into H. acinonychis genetics and the expression of potential pathogenicity-associated factors and their possible pathophysiological relevance in related gastric infections. PMID:23940723

The expectations of fathers concerning care provided by midwives to the mothers during labour

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Malmsey L.M. Sengane

2012-04-01

Opsomming Vroedvroue word daarvan beskuldig dat hulle nie voldoen aan die verwagtinge en behoeftes van die vaders nie. Vaders word, óf deur hulle geïgnoreer, óf druk word op hulle uitgeoefen om meer betrokke te raak as waarmee hulle gemaklik is, indien hulle wel toegelaat word om moeders te ondersteun tydens die kraamproses. Vroedvroue verskaf moeder-gesentreerde sorg, maar dit is nogtans belangrik dat hulle onthou om die vaders te betrek in die besluitneming en hulle rol, verwagtinge en behoeftes te erken omdat die geboorte van ‘n kind een van die belangrikste gebeurtenisse in hulle lewens is. Die studie het gefokus op vaders se verwagtinge van die sorg wat verskaf word aan moeders tydens kraam. ‘n Kwalitatiewe, eksploratiewe, beskrywende en kontekstuele navorsingsontwerp is gebruik. Data is ingesamel deur in-diepte onderhoude met vaders te voer oor die sorg wat aan hul vroue of metgeselle tydens die kraamproses verskaf word deur vroedvroue. Data is daarna geanaliseer deur ‘n oop beskrywende metode te gebruik wat toepaslik is vir kwalitatiewe navorsing. Die resultate van die onderhoude is vervolgens geposisioneer binne ‘n holistiese, gesondheids-bevorderende teorie wat verwys na liggaam, psige en gees. Die resultate toon dat gemak en ondersteuning die twee hoofkategorieë is wat verskaf moet word deur vroedvroue aan moeders tydens die kraamproses. Die ander kategorieë wat aangedui word in die resultate, is dat vroedvroue hulle onderlinge kommunikasievaardighede moet verbeter, asook hul kommunikasie met die moeders en vaders indien laasgenoemde beskikbaar is. Die vaders het van vroedvroue verwag om hulle aan te moedig om moeders by te staan tydens die kraamproses en om binding tussen vader, moeder en baba aan te moedig.

Efficacy of the combined use of a mild foaming cleanser and moisturizer for the care of infant skin

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Okamoto N

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Naoko Okamoto,1 Kaori Umehara,1 Junko Sonoda,1 Mitsuyuki Hotta,2 Hiroki Mizushima,1 Yutaka Takagi,1 Keiko Matsuo,3 Naoko Baba4 1Skin Care Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, 2Biological Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, 3Office of the President, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, 4Department of Dermatology, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan Objective: Despite the application of skin care treatments, many infants have skin problems such as dryness and erythema. We proposed a new combination skin care for infants which consisted of a foaming cleanser with lower surfactant activity and moisturizers that contained pseudo-ceramide. Subjects and methods: A total of 50 infants (age: 3–24 months with insignificant levels of dry skin were enrolled in this usage trial. The parents washed the infants with the test cleanser while bathing and then applied the moisturizer (lotion or cream containing pseudo-ceramide. Prior to and following the 4-week usage period, visual evaluation of the skin condition was conducted by a dermatologist, in addition to instrumental analysis. Results: Erythema and papule, accompanied by dryness, were commonly observed at week 0. However, by week 4, these symptoms significantly improved; the condition of none of the subjects deteriorated. The number of infants with lower cutaneous barrier function and higher skin pH decreased. The parents of the infants recognized improvements in the skin symptoms and were appreciative of the test materials. Conclusion: The combined usage of the foaming cleanser with lower surfactant activity and a moisturizer containing pseudo-ceramide may be effective in maintaining healthy infant skin and ameliorating the skin symptoms. Keywords: infant, cleanser, lotion, cream, dryness

Electron microscopic, genetic and protein expression analyses of Helicobacter acinonychis strains from a Bengal tiger.

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Nicole Tegtmeyer

Full Text Available Colonization by Helicobacter species is commonly noted in many mammals. These infections often remain unrecognized, but can cause severe health complications or more subtle host immune perturbations. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize putative novel Helicobacter spp. from Bengal tigers in Thailand. Morphological investigation (Gram-staining and electron microscopy and genetic studies (16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, flagellin, urease and prophage gene analyses, RAPD DNA fingerprinting and restriction fragment polymorphisms as well as Western blotting were used to characterize the isolated Helicobacters. Electron microscopy revealed spiral-shaped bacteria, which varied in length (2.5-6 µm and contained up to four monopolar sheathed flagella. The 16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, sequencing and protein expression analyses identified novel H. acinonychis isolates closely related to H. pylori. These Asian isolates are genetically very similar to H. acinonychis strains of other big cats (cheetahs, lions, lion-tiger hybrid and other tigers from North America and Europe, which is remarkable in the context of the great genetic diversity among worldwide H. pylori strains. We also found by immunoblotting that the Bengal tiger isolates express UreaseA/B, flagellin, BabA adhesin, neutrophil-activating protein NapA, HtrA protease, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase GGT, Slt lytic transglycosylase and two DNA transfer relaxase orthologs that were known from H. pylori, but not the cag pathogenicity island, nor CagA, VacA, SabA, DupA or OipA proteins. These results give fresh insights into H. acinonychis genetics and the expression of potential pathogenicity-associated factors and their possible pathophysiological relevance in related gastric infections.

Electron microscopic, genetic and protein expression analyses of Helicobacter acinonychis strains from a Bengal tiger.

Science.gov (United States)

Tegtmeyer, Nicole; Rivas Traverso, Francisco; Rohde, Manfred; Oyarzabal, Omar A; Lehn, Norbert; Schneider-Brachert, Wulf; Ferrero, Richard L; Fox, James G; Berg, Douglas E; Backert, Steffen

2013-01-01

Colonization by Helicobacter species is commonly noted in many mammals. These infections often remain unrecognized, but can cause severe health complications or more subtle host immune perturbations. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize putative novel Helicobacter spp. from Bengal tigers in Thailand. Morphological investigation (Gram-staining and electron microscopy) and genetic studies (16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, flagellin, urease and prophage gene analyses, RAPD DNA fingerprinting and restriction fragment polymorphisms) as well as Western blotting were used to characterize the isolated Helicobacters. Electron microscopy revealed spiral-shaped bacteria, which varied in length (2.5-6 µm) and contained up to four monopolar sheathed flagella. The 16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, sequencing and protein expression analyses identified novel H. acinonychis isolates closely related to H. pylori. These Asian isolates are genetically very similar to H. acinonychis strains of other big cats (cheetahs, lions, lion-tiger hybrid and other tigers) from North America and Europe, which is remarkable in the context of the great genetic diversity among worldwide H. pylori strains. We also found by immunoblotting that the Bengal tiger isolates express UreaseA/B, flagellin, BabA adhesin, neutrophil-activating protein NapA, HtrA protease, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase GGT, Slt lytic transglycosylase and two DNA transfer relaxase orthologs that were known from H. pylori, but not the cag pathogenicity island, nor CagA, VacA, SabA, DupA or OipA proteins. These results give fresh insights into H. acinonychis genetics and the expression of potential pathogenicity-associated factors and their possible pathophysiological relevance in related gastric infections.

Clinical and histomorphometrical study on titanium dioxide-coated external fixation pins

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Koseki H

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Hironobu Koseki,1 Tomohiko Asahara,1 Takayuki Shida,1 Itaru Yoda,1 Hidehiko Horiuchi,1 Koumei Baba,2 Makoto Osaki11Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagasaki University, 2Industrial Technology Center of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, JapanBackground: Pin site infection is the most common and significant complication of external fixation. In this work, the efficacy of pins coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2 for inhibition of infection was compared with that of stainless steel control pins in an in vivo study.Methods: Pins contaminated with an identifiable Staphylococcus aureus strain were inserted into femoral bone in a rat model and exposed to ultraviolet A light for 30 minutes. On day 14, the animals were sacrificed and the bone and soft tissue around the pin were retrieved. The clinical findings and histological findings were evaluated in 60 samples.Results: Clinical signs of infection were present in 76.7% of untreated pins, but in only 36.7% of TiO2-coated pins. The histological bone infection score and planimetric rate of occupation for bacterial colonies and neutrophils in the TiO2-coated pin group were lower than those in the control group. The bone-implant contact ratio of the TiO2-coated pin group was significantly higher (71.4% than in the control pin group (58.2%. The TiO2 was successful in decreasing infection both clinically and histomorphometrically.Conclusion: The photocatalytic bactericidal effect of TiO2 is thought to be useful for inhibiting pin site infection after external fixation.Keywords: titanium dioxide, external fixation, bactericidal activity, Staphylococcus aureus

An Investigation of Pragmatic Functions and Position of Prevalent Persian Discourse Markers Used in Casual Conversations among Tehrani Speakers

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Manizheh Alami

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Given that a systematic treatment of Persian Discourse Markers (hereafter DMs is almost absent in modern Persian linguistics and to bridge this gap, the audio-recorded data comprising 14 face to face casual conversations involving two-party and multi-party interactions among family members, acquaintances and close friends are used to shed light on these ‘frequently used’ but ‘frequently unnoticed’ linguistic elements. To document a list of the most common DMs typically used in Tehrani dialect of Persian language and to have a detailed description of their discoursal functions in talk, Brinton’s (1996 binary classification of DMs functions (textual and interpersonal was developed to provide an empirically-supported account of the functions and position of Persian DMs in interaction among Tehrani speakers. The present account of DMs which is basically ‘analytical description’ provides the reader with the knowledge about how Persian DMs operate in actual usage. The findings are built upon a 3105-word corpus including 14 audio-recorded conversations among 50 participants. Altogether 34 tokens of Persian DMs with an overall 254 occurrences were identified among which na/na baba (no/no daddy with the total of 33 (12.84% occurrences were the most frequently used Persian DM in the data which are followed by dige (no English equivalent, aare/ba’ale (yep/yes, yani (I mean, vali (but, haalaa/ alaan (now, bebin/nega kon (look and aslan (by no means/ never.To the author, research on the functions and distributional patterns of Persian DMs will broaden our knowledge of their discoursal behavior in language in general and contribute to the already growing cross-linguistic body of work on DMs.

Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on IL-8, IL-1beta and COX-2 expression in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.

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Bartchewsky, Waldemar; Martini, Mariana Rocha; Masiero, Mariana; Squassoni, Aline Candido; Alvarez, Marisa Claudia; Ladeira, Marcelo Sady; Salvatore, Daisy; Trevisan, Miriam; Pedrazzoli, José; Ribeiro, Marcelo Lima

2009-01-01

Helicobacter pylori infection is related to gastric cancer development, and chronic inflammation is presumed to be the main cause. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of H. pylori cagA, vacA, iceA, and babA genotypes on COX-2, IL-1beta, and IL-8 expression. Of the 217 patients included in the study, 26 were uninfected, 127 had chronic gastritis and were H. pylori-positive, and 64 had gastric cancer. Bacterial genotypes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the expression values were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. An association was found between the infection with cagA, vacA s1m1 strains and gastric cancer development. Regarding the 3' region of the cagA gene, we also found an association between the infection with cagA EPIYA-ABCCC strains and clinical outcome. Higher levels of IL-8, IL-1beta, and COX-2 were detected in gastric mucosa from infected patients with chronic gastritis, and they were also associated with the infection by cagA, vacA s1m1 strains. The IL-8 and IL-1beta levels decrease significantly from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer, while the relative expression remained unaltered when COX-2 expression was analyzed among patients with gastritis and cancer. Since inflammatory response to H. pylori infection plays an important role in cellular proliferation and gastric mucosal damage, the up-regulation of IL-1beta, IL-8, and COX-2 in patients with chronic gastritis has an important clinical implication in gastric carcinogenesis.

Produção de alface (Lactuca sativa L. sob diferentes doses de vermicomposto

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M. S. Teodoro

2016-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes dosagens de vermicomposto sobre a produção de alface, cultivar Baba de Verão. O ensaio foi conduzido em Latossolo Amarelo Distrófico de textura média fase caatinga litorânea, na Embrapa Meio-Norte, UEP – Parnaíba, de setembro a outubro de 2013. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições.  Os tratamentos constituíram-se das dosagens de vermicomposto aplicadas na adubação das covas: 0 g/cova; 62,5 g/cova; 125 g/cova; 187,5 g/cova e 250 g/cova. As características avaliadas foram: Diâmetro da base (DB; Número de folhas (NF; Massa fresca da parte aérea (MFPA; Massa fresca da raiz (MFR; Massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA e Massa seca da raiz (MSR. Para todas as características avaliadas o vermicomposto de minhoca apresentou resultados aceitáveis, não havendo diferenças significativas para a maioria das características agronômicas estudadas. Os maiores pesos médios foram obtidos com a dosagem de 187,5 g/cova (40 t/ha. A biomassa fresca e seca da alface obtida nesta dosagem foram superiores em aproximadamente 50 e 49%, respectivamente, em relação à testemunha. O mesmo observa-se para a massa fresca e seca das raízes (25 e 24%, respectivamente, apesar de não diferirem estatisticamente entre os demais tratamentos. Apesar dos problemas relacionados ao pendoamento, a utilização do vermicomposto, permitiu a obtenção de alface, demonstrando que a adubação de plantio com este insumo orgânico pode ser considerada uma prática promissora na produção dessa hortaliça em sistemas orgânicos na região. Entretanto, é importante se adequar a época de cultivo, ou então, trabalhar com cultivares adaptadas para as condições edafoclimáticas da região.  Production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. under different doses of worm compostAbstract: Different dosages of fertilization on the production of

Disease association with two Helicobacter pylori duplicate outer membrane protein genes, homB and homA.

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Oleastro, Monica; Cordeiro, Rita; Yamaoka, Yoshio; Queiroz, Dulciene; Mégraud, Francis; Monteiro, Lurdes; Ménard, Armelle

2009-06-22

homB encodes a Helicobacter pylori outer membrane protein. This gene was previously associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and was shown to induce activation of interleukin-8 secretion in vitro, as well as contributing to bacterial adherence. Its 90%-similar gene, homA, was previously correlated with gastritis. The present study aimed to evaluate the gastric disease association with homB and homA, as well as with the H. pylori virulence factors cagA, babA and vacA, in 415 H. pylori strains isolated from patients from East Asian and Western countries. The correlation among these genotypes was also evaluated. Both homB and homA genes were heterogeneously distributed worldwide, with a marked difference between East Asian and Western strains. In Western strains (n = 234, 124 PUD and 110 non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), homB, cagA and vacA s1 were all significantly associated with PUD (p = 0.025, p = 0.014, p = 0.039, respectively), and homA was closely correlated with NUD (p = 0.072). In East Asian strains (n = 138, 73 PUD and 65 NUD), homB was found more frequently than homA, and none of these genes was associated with the clinical outcome. Overall, homB was associated with the presence of cagA (p = 0.043) and vacA s1 (p homA was found more frequently in cagA-negative (p = 0.062) and vacA s2 (p homA copy number were observed, with a clear geographical specificity, suggesting an involvement of these genes in host adaptation. A correlation between the homB two-copy genotype and PUD was also observed, emphasizing the role of homB in the virulence of the strain. The global results suggest that homB and homA contribute to the determination of clinical outcome.

The Essence of Hindu Doctrine and its Influence on Christianity in America and Europe

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Alexandru-Corneliu Arion

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper addresses the topic of the identity of Hindu religion and its impact on Christianity in the West (i.e. in Europe and USA, which is to be seen, especially through Neo-Hindu movements (that occurred mainly during 1950s–1980s. Thus, features and key terms such as: authority of the Veda, Dharma, moksha, samsāra and karma, the paths to liberation, concept of God, Brahman-ātman, avidyā and māyā and AUM are sketchily presented in the first part of the paper. There are obvious differences between both Hindu schools and Christian faith which regards 1. Ultimate concern: For the Hindu, it is escape from the human condition, whereas for the Christian it is freedom from guilt, sin, and the devil; 2. Human nature: For the Christian it is creaturely and sinful; for the Hindu it is divine; 3. Human problem: It is moral sin for the Christian and intellectual ignorance for the Hindu; 4. Resolution: For the Christian it is a divine act at infinite cost to God; for the Hindu it is human effort, sometimes mixed with grace, without cost to the god. In the second part it is presented the debated problem of Gurus and their movements and Neo-Hindu movements sprung at the second half of 20th century, such as Satya Sai Baba, International Society for Krishna Consciousness and meditation for “transcendental consciousness” (TM. In any case, the Indian offspring demonstrate that we have come to an important moment in the history of religions, one in which new religious landscapes continually emerge like the images of a kaleidoscope and where people will have to learn whether it is possible to share the same planet.

DJ Goa Gil: Kalifornian Exile, Dark Yogi and Dreaded Anomaly

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Graham St John

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Connecting three generations of music enthusiasts, Goa Gil is an imposing figure in the world of psychedelic trance. If the title of his 2007 compilation registers intent, he is a Worldbridger. Bristling with motifs of world sacred sites and appropriated "tribal" icons, with Gil seated cross-legged upon the apex of a Mayan temple, the album's cover artwork confabulates the physical, spiritual and cultural worlds he professes to bridge. Leading world-wide "trance dance rituals" Goa Gil operates under the guise of a "techno-shaman", a "cyber-baba" and a selector/mixer of traditions whose rituals are reputedly timeless and universal. But this intent is performed amid a highly mobile lifestyle spread across diverse psychedelic music cultures, scenes and sensibilities in discrete times and places. From the 1960s Haight-Ashbury psychedelic rock scene, to the psychedelic jam band scene on Anjuna beach, Goa, India, in the 1970s, to the adoption of electronic music in a DJ-led scene in the 1980s, to the birth of "Goa trance" in the 1990s, to his selection, production and performance of dark psychedelic trance in the 1990s/2000s onwards, DJ Goa Gil's life spans a breathtaking panorama of this-worldly psychedelic scenes. Gil is a freak bricoleur, an anomalous figure who evades modest circumscription. A Californian exile and sanctioned Shaivite practitioner with a professional hankering for darkpsy (as a DJ-producer, a hippie broker of the "Cosmic Spirit" and a post-apocalyptic punk, he is a spiritual authority and cultural outlaw touring the planet with an improbable mix of semiotic and sonic baggage. What's more, celebrated as a champion of the "Goa vibe" or derogated as an accomplice to its demise, Gil is a controversial figure who is the embodiment of considerable ambivalence. This article explores this holiest of anomalies in the world of DJing.

Lipase production by solid-state fermentation in fixed-bed bioreactors

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Elisa d'Avila Costa Cavalcanti

2005-06-01

Full Text Available In the present work, packed bed bioreactors were employed with the aim of increasing productivity and scaling up of lipase production using Penicillium simplicissimum in solid-state fermentation. The influence of temperature and air flow rate on enzyme production was evaluated employing statistical experimental design, and an empirical model was adjusted to the experimental data. It was shown that higher lipase activities could be achieved at lower temperatures and higher air flow rates. The maximum lipase activity (26.4 U/g was obtained at the temperature of 27°C and air flow rate of 0.8 L/min.O fungo Penicillium simplicissimum se mostrou, em trabalhos anteriores, um ótimo produtor de lipase por fermentação no estado sólido, quando cultivado em biorreatores do tipo bandeja, utilizando a torta de babaçu como meio de cultura. Com o objetivo de aumentar a produtividade e possibilitar uma ampliação de escala, foi investigado, no presente trabalho, o emprego de biorreatores de leito fixo com aeração forçada. Os biorreatores utilizados tinham 4 cm de diâmetro interno e 14 cm de altura útil. Empregando-se planejamento estatístico de experimentos como ferramenta, foram avaliadas as influências da temperatura e da vazão de ar sobre a produção de lipase nestes biorreatores. Os resultados obtidos permitiram ajustar um modelo empírico, o qual indicou que maiores atividades lipásicas são alcançadas para temperaturas mais baixas e vazões de ar mais altas. A atividade lipásica máxima (26,4 U/g foi obtida para temperatura de 27°C e vazão de ar de 0,8 L/min.

Human gastric mucins differently regulate Helicobacter pylori proliferation, gene expression and interactions with host cells.

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Emma C Skoog

Full Text Available Helicobacter pylori colonizes the mucus niche of the gastric mucosa and is a risk factor for gastritis, ulcers and cancer. The main components of the mucus layer are heavily glycosylated mucins, to which H. pylori can adhere. Mucin glycosylation differs between individuals and changes during disease. Here we have examined the H. pylori response to purified mucins from a range of tumor and normal human gastric tissue samples. Our results demonstrate that mucins from different individuals differ in how they modulate both proliferation and gene expression of H. pylori. The mucin effect on proliferation varied significantly between samples, and ranged from stimulatory to inhibitory, depending on the type of mucins and the ability of the mucins to bind to H. pylori. Tumor-derived mucins and mucins from the surface mucosa had potential to stimulate proliferation, while gland-derived mucins tended to inhibit proliferation and mucins from healthy uninfected individuals showed little effect. Artificial glycoconjugates containing H. pylori ligands also modulated H. pylori proliferation, albeit to a lesser degree than human mucins. Expression of genes important for the pathogenicity of H. pylori (babA, sabA, cagA, flaA and ureA appeared co-regulated in response to mucins. The addition of mucins to co-cultures of H. pylori and gastric epithelial cells protected the viability of the cells and modulated the cytokine production in a manner that differed between individuals, was partially dependent of adhesion of H. pylori to the gastric cells, but also revealed that other mucin factors in addition to adhesion are important for H. pylori-induced host signaling. The combined data reveal host-specific effects on proliferation, gene expression and virulence of H. pylori due to the gastric mucin environment, demonstrating a dynamic interplay between the bacterium and its host.

On the occurrence of burnout downstream of a flow obstacle in boiling two-phase upward flow within a vertical annular channel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mori, Shoji; Tominaga, Akira; Fukano, Tohru

2007-01-01

If a flow obstacle, such as a spacer is placed in a boiling two-phase flow within a channel, the temperature on the surface of the heating tube is severely affected by the existence of the spacer. Under certain conditions, a spacer has a cooling effect, and under other conditions, the spacer causes dryout of the cooling water film on the heating surface. The burnout mechanism, which always occurs upstream of a spacer, however, remains unclear. In a previous paper [Fukano, T., Mori, S., Akamatsu, S., Baba, A., 2002. Relation between temperature fluctuation of a heating surface and generation of drypatch caused by a cylindrical spacer in a vertical boiling two-phase upward flow in a narrow annular channel. Nucl. Eng. Des. 217, 81-90], we reported that the disturbance wave has a significant effect on dryout and burnout occurrence and that a spacer greatly affects the behavior of the liquid film downstream of the spacer. In the present study, we examined in detail the influences of a spacer on the heat transfer and film thickness characteristics downstream of the spacer by considering the result in steam-water and air-water systems. The main results are summarized as follows: (1)The spacer averages the liquid film in the disturbance wave flow. As a result, dryout tends not to occur downstream of the spacer. This means that large temperature increases do not occur there. However, traces of disturbance waves remain, even if the disturbance waves are averaged by the spacer. (2)There is a high probability that the location at which burnout occurs is upstream of the downstream spacer, irrespective of the spacer spacing. (3)The newly proposed burnout occurrence model can explain the phenomena that burnout does occur upstream of the downstream spacer, even if the liquid film thickness t Fm is approximately the same before and behind the spacer

On the occurrence of burnout downstream of a flow obstacle in boiling two-phase upward flow within a vertical annular channel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, Shoji [Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501 (Japan)], E-mail: morisho@ynu.ac.jp; Tominaga, Akira [Ube National College of Technology, Ube 755-8555 (Japan)], E-mail: tominaga@ube-k.ac.jp; Fukano, Tohru [Kurume Institute of University, Fukuoka 830-0052 (Japan)], E-mail: fukanot@cc.kurume-it.ac.jp

2007-12-15

If a flow obstacle, such as a spacer is placed in a boiling two-phase flow within a channel, the temperature on the surface of the heating tube is severely affected by the existence of the spacer. Under certain conditions, a spacer has a cooling effect, and under other conditions, the spacer causes dryout of the cooling water film on the heating surface. The burnout mechanism, which always occurs upstream of a spacer, however, remains unclear. In a previous paper [Fukano, T., Mori, S., Akamatsu, S., Baba, A., 2002. Relation between temperature fluctuation of a heating surface and generation of drypatch caused by a cylindrical spacer in a vertical boiling two-phase upward flow in a narrow annular channel. Nucl. Eng. Des. 217, 81-90], we reported that the disturbance wave has a significant effect on dryout and burnout occurrence and that a spacer greatly affects the behavior of the liquid film downstream of the spacer. In the present study, we examined in detail the influences of a spacer on the heat transfer and film thickness characteristics downstream of the spacer by considering the result in steam-water and air-water systems. The main results are summarized as follows: (1)The spacer averages the liquid film in the disturbance wave flow. As a result, dryout tends not to occur downstream of the spacer. This means that large temperature increases do not occur there. However, traces of disturbance waves remain, even if the disturbance waves are averaged by the spacer. (2)There is a high probability that the location at which burnout occurs is upstream of the downstream spacer, irrespective of the spacer spacing. (3)The newly proposed burnout occurrence model can explain the phenomena that burnout does occur upstream of the downstream spacer, even if the liquid film thickness t{sub Fm} is approximately the same before and behind the spacer.

Diversification of the vacAs1m1 and vacAs2m2 strains of Helicobacter pylori in Meriones unguiculatus

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Sandra Mendoza Elizalde

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The bacterium Helicobacter pylori exhibits great genetic diversity, and the pathogenic roles of its virulence factors have been widely studied. However, the evolutionary dynamics of H. pylori strains during stomach colonization are not well characterized. Here, we analyzed the microevolutionary dynamics of the toxigenic strain vacAs1m1, the non-toxigenic strain vacAs2m2, and a combination of both strains in an animal model over time. Meriones unguiculatus were inoculated with the following bacteria: group 1–toxigenic strain vacAs1m1/cagA+/cagE+/babA2+; ST181, group 2–non-toxigenic strain vacAs2m2/ cagA+/ cagE+/ babA2+; ST2901, and group 3–both strains. The gerbils were euthanized at different time points (3, 6, 12 and 18 months. In group 1, genetic alterations were observed at 6 and 12 months. With the combination of both strains, group 3 also exhibited genetic alterations at 3 and 18 months; moreover, a chimera, vacA m1-m2, was detected. Additionally, four new sequence types (STs were reported in the PubMLST database for H. pylori. Synonymous and non-synonymous mutations were analyzed and associated with alterations in amino acids. Microevolutionary analysis of the STs (PHYLOViZ identified in each group revealed many mutational changes in the toxigenic (vacAs1m1 and non-toxigenic (vacAs2m2 strains. Phylogenetic assessments (eBURST did not reveal clonal complexes. Our findings indicate that the toxigenic strain, vacAs1m1, and a combination of toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains acquired genetic material by recombination. The allelic combination, vacAs2m1, displayed the best adaptation in the animal model over time, and a chimera, m1-m2, was also identified, which confirmed previous reports.

Correlation between virulence markers of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity and gastric biopsies

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Myriam Lucrecia MEDINA

2017-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection has been associated with virulence factors. The presence of these factors is useful as molecular markers in the identification of the high risk for developing severe gastric pathologies. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the presence of virulence markers cagA and bab2A of H. pylori in oral and gastric biopsy samples. METHODS: An observational, prospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2011 and September 2012. Patients suffering dyspepsia with indication for upper gastrointestinal video endoscopy who attended the Gastroenterology Service of the Hospital Dr. Julio C. Perrando were included. Epidemiological investigation was completed. To detect the bacteria and their virulence genes, samples of saliva, dental plaque and gastric biopsy were taken and processed by PCR. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were selected for this study (30 women and 31 men. H. pylori was detected in 31 gastric biopsies and 31 oral samples. Significant difference between oral and gastric samples was found in cagA genotype. Agreement between oral and gastric genotypes was found in 38.7% of samples from the same patient. CONCLUSION: This study is the first in provide information about the genotypes of the Argentinean Northeast H. pylori strains. Despite the high prevalence of H. pylori infection, the most of patients had less virulent genotypes in oral cavity and gastric tissue. The cagA / babA2 combination was not frequent in the samples studied. There was not a statistical correlation between the virulence genes and gastroduodenal or oral diseases. Although in some patients the same genotype was found both in oral and gastric samples, it cannot be ensure that they corresponding to the same strain because a DNA sequencing was not performed.

Macular thickness and macular volume measurements using spectral domain optical coherence tomography in normal Nepalese eyes

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Pokharel A

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Amrit Pokharel,1 Gauri Shankar Shrestha,2 Jyoti Baba Shrestha2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, 2B P Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal Purpose: To record the normative values for macular thickness and macular volume in normal Nepalese eyes. Methods: In all, 126 eyes of 63 emmetropic subjects (mean age: 21.17±6.76 years; range: 10–37 years were assessed for macular thickness and macular volume, using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography over 6×6 mm2 in the posterior pole. A fast macular thickness protocol was employed. Statistics such as the mean, median, standard deviation, percentiles, and range were used, while a P-value was set at 0.05 to test significance. Results: Average macular thickness and total macular volume were larger in males compared to females. With each year of increasing age, these variables decreased by 0.556 µm and 0.0156 mm3 for average macular thickness and total macular volume, respectively. The macular thickness was greatest in the inner superior section and lowest at the center of the fovea. The volume was greatest in the outer nasal section and thinnest in the fovea. The central subfield thickness (r=-0.243, P=0.055 and foveal volume (r=0.216, P=0.09 did not correlate with age. Conclusion: Males and females differ significantly with regard to macular thickness and macular volume measurements. Reports by other studies that the increase in axial length reduced thickness and volume, were negated by this study which found a positive correlation among axial length, thickness, and volume. Keywords: macular thickness, macular volume, optical coherence tomography, Nepal

"If you thought this story sour, sweeten it with your own telling" - a feminist poetics of rewriting in Susan Price's Ghost dance

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Sanna Lehtonen

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The attempts to challenge conventional gendered discourses in children's fantasy have often resulted in feminist rewritings of earlier stories. Ghost dance (1994 by the English author Susan Price is a novel that reflects a specific feminist poetics of rewriting: metafictional passages highlight the constructedness of the narrative and at the end readers are invited to tell their own versions of the story. Moreover, the rewriting freely combines and recontextualises elements from different source texts and reformulates them to create a narrative that challenges conventional discourses of gender. While this poetics has an appeal from a feminist perspective, the play with cross-cultural intertexts and gender becomes more complex when the novel is examined in a postcolonialist framework in relation to ethnicity and the issue of cultural appropriation. Ghost dance is situated in a setting that has a real-world equivalent (Russia, involves characters that are identified with names of real-world ethnic groups (Lapps (Sámi, Russian, and mixes elements from Russian wonder tales, Nordic mythology and an Ojibwe legend. The novel does not aim at historical accuracy in its representations nor is it a direct retelling of any of the pre-texts but combines motifs, themes, names, characters and settings freely from each source. In this textual melting pot, the protagonist Shingebiss is, on one level, a revision of the witch Baba Yaga, but also described as a Lappish shaman with an Ojibwe name. To rewrite gendered discourses, certain elements from the pretexts are chosen and others left out – the question is, then, what effects does this recontextualisation have on the representation of ethnicity? Or, are the feminist rewriting strategies actually a form of cultural appropriation?

THE USE OF BIOTEXTILES TO RECUPERATE DEGRADADED AREAS BY EROSION

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Marcia Silva Furtado

2005-05-01

Full Text Available The erosion is a process that results from the conjunct action of many natural agents over the grounds. However, this process can be accelerated, mainly by the action of the human being that has caused numerous degrading actions of the environment, depending on the level of intensity and from the characteristic of his intervention. Among the ways of degradation it is possible to stand out accelerated erosive processes, like ravines and gullies.These processes can be mitigated with the use of several technical and material alternatives, being necessary specific knowledge for the right choice, in each case.In São Luís, a research project started since 2002 and thanks this project, it was indentified and monitorated several erosive processes with high degree of evolution, like gullies in Salina, Sacavém, Araçagi, Castelão, Bequimão, Coeduc, Santa Eulália site, among others.After these phases of the recognition and monitoration, the efforts for recuperation of the degraded areas have been developed with the use of bioengineering techniques. Such initiatives have been applied in different situations, with positive results for being an alternative which makes use of biodegradable materials such as vegetal fibers, wooden stakes, rigid iron-like structures, besides vegetation to make the soil more stable, lowering the costs and providing improvement to the environmental balance. Firstly, biodegradable screens, made of buriti, carnaúba, tucum, babaçu and marajá palm will be installed, as a matter of an experiment, at Sacavém’s gully, in São Luís – Maranhão State.The choice of the gullies in Sacavém occured because the necessity of the area, once this area offers serious risks to the population around, but later the project is going to contemplate the other monitored areas.

EDITORIAL: Nanotechnology in motion Nanotechnology in motion

Science.gov (United States)

Demming, Anna

2012-02-01

Microscopes provide tools of inimitable value for probing the building blocks of the world around us. The identity of the inventor of the first microscope remains under debate, but a name unequivocally linked with early developments in microscopy is Robert Hooke. His Micrographia published in 1665, was the first ever bestseller in science and brought topics in microscopy to the broader public eye with pages of detailed micrographs, most famously the fly's eye and plant cells. Since the first microscopes in the late 16th century, ingenious alternatives to the original optical microscopes have been developed to create images of the world at ever smaller dimensions. Innovations include scanning probe techniques such as the atomic force microscope [1]. As Toshio Ando describes in a review in this issue [2], these devices have also entered a new era in the past decade with the development of high-speed atomic force microscopy. Now, we can not only see the nanoscale components that make up the world around us, but we can watch them at work. One of the first innovations in optical microscopy was the use of dyes. This principle first came into practice with the use of ultraviolet light to reveal previously indistinguishable features. As explained by a researcher in the early 1930s, 'It is obvious that if the dyes used for selective staining in ordinary microscopical work are supplemented by substances which cause a particular detail of the structure to fluoresce with a specific colour in ultraviolet light, then many strings will be added to the bow of the practical microscopist' [3]. More recently, emphasis on the role of plasmons—collective oscillations of electrons in nanoscale metal structures—has received considerable research attention. Plasmons enhance the local electromagnetic field and can lead to increased fluorescence rates from nearby fluorophores depending on the efficiency of the counteracting process, non-radiative transfer [4]. The 1930s also saw the

Study design and patient recruitment for the Japan Polyp Study

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Sano Y

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Yasushi Sano,1,2 Takahiro Fujii,3,4 Takahisa Matsuda,3 Yasushi Oda,5,6 Shin'ei Kudo,7 Masahiro Igarashi,8 Hiroyasu Iishi,9 Kazuhiro Kaneko,1,10 Kinichi Hotta,3,11,12 Nozomu Kobayashi,3,13 Yuichiro Yamaguchi,12 Kiyonori Kobayashi,8 Hideki Ishikawa,14 Yoshitaka Murakami,15 Tadakazu Shimoda,16 Takahiro Fujimori,17 Yoichi Ajioka,18 Hirokazu Taniguchi,16 Hiroaki Ikematsu,1,3 Kazuo Konishi,10 Yutaka Saito,3 Shigeaki Yoshida1,19 1Department of Gastroenterology, Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 2Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC, Sano Hospital, Kobe, 3Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 4Takahiro Fujii Clinic, Tokyo, 5Hattori GI Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Clinic, Kumamoto, 6Oda GI Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Clinic, Kumamoto, 7Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, 8Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University East Hospital, Sagamihara, 9Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, 10Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 11Department of Gastroenterology, Saku Central Hospital, Saku, 12Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Mishima, 13Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, 14Department of Molecular-Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 15Department of Medical Statistics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 16Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 17Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, 18Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 19Aomori Prefectural Hospital, Aomori

Woodlands House Nursing Home, Trim Road, Navan, Meath.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

O'Toole, Paul W

2010-03-10

Abstract Background Helicobacter mustelae causes gastritis, ulcers and gastric cancer in ferrets and other mustelids. H. mustelae remains the only helicobacter other than H. pylori that causes gastric ulceration and cancer in its natural host. To improve understanding of H. mustelae pathogenesis, and the ulcerogenic and carcinogenic potential of helicobacters in general, we sequenced the H. mustelae genome, and identified 425 expressed proteins in the envelope and cytosolic proteome. Results The H. mustelae genome lacks orthologs of major H. pylori virulence factors including CagA, VacA, BabA, SabA and OipA. However, it encodes ten autotransporter surface proteins, seven of which were detected in the expressed proteome, and which, except for the Hsr protein, are of unknown function. There are 26 putative outer membrane proteins in H. mustelae, some of which are most similar to the Hof proteins of H. pylori. Although homologs of putative virulence determinants of H. pylori (NapA, plasminogen adhesin, collagenase) and Campylobacter jejuni (CiaB, Peb4a) are present in the H. mustelae genome, it also includes a distinct complement of virulence-related genes including a haemagglutinin\\/haemolysin protein, and a glycosyl transferase for producing blood group A\\/B on its lipopolysaccharide. The most highly expressed 264 proteins in the cytosolic proteome included many corresponding proteins from H. pylori, but the rank profile in H. mustelae was distinctive. Of 27 genes shown to be essential for H. pylori colonization of the gerbil, all but three had orthologs in H. mustelae, identifying a shared set of core proteins for gastric persistence. Conclusions The determination of the genome sequence and expressed proteome of the ulcerogenic species H mustelae provides a comparative model for H. pylori to investigate bacterial gastric carcinogenesis in mammals, and to suggest ways whereby cag minus H. pylori strains might cause ulceration and cancer. The genome sequence was

Sacred Symbols in Dimitrie Gavrilean’s Paintings

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Emilian Adrian Gavrilean

2016-05-01

Full Text Available This year, on the 12th of July, there are four years since the passing away of the painter Dimitrie Gavrilean who, ,”through the unique impresion of his originality, early became an emblem of the school of painting of Iasi.” Born in Voroneţ, in 1942, Dimitrie Gavrilean attended ”Nicolae Grigorescu” Academy of Arts of Bucharest, being an eminent disciple of the master Corneliu Baba. The work in the creation workshop was combined with the vocation of teacher at the Faculty of Visual Arts and Design within ”G. Enescu” University of Arts of Iaşi, being a rector of this institution in the period 2000-2004. In the contemporary plastic landscape, the artistic work of the painter Dimitrie Gavrilean (1942-2012 from Iaşi occupies a special place. It mirrors the utmost of the autochthonous rural imaginary, the Romanian fundamental myths, the ancestral myths as well as the recently Christianized ones. His vision is specific to the Romanian Christianity and the Byzantine iconography. The language of Gavrilean’s paintings is one of symbols, by excellence. As Emil Staco rightfully observed, the entire work of art of master Gavrilean is ”a work of art of the symbols, of the metaphors rooted in the spirituality of the Romanian village of Bukovina, in the frescoes of Voroneţ and Humor Monasteries.” On the one hand, the painter did not content himself with illustrating only the ancestral mythical world by means of symbols with universal valences, but he got actively involved in the Christian valorization of mythical symbols. On the other hand, by integrating sacred symbols (the dove, the cock, winged characters, the wise old man, the architecture-church, the sun, Voroneţ blue of the Christian iconography of Byzantine tradition in paintings not necessarily religious, Dimitrie Gavrilean pushed his work of art to the border between sacred and profane, proving an extraordinary capacity of spiritualizing matter as well as of materializing the

Caracterização físico-química e dielétrica de óleos biodegradáveis para transformadores elétricos Physico-chemical and dielectric characterization of biodegradable oils for electric transformers

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Claudia R Silva

2012-02-01

Full Text Available O óleo mineral, originário do petróleo, é o fluido isolante tradicionalmente utilizado em transformadores elétricos. Diante do apelo por fontes de energia limpa e renovável o setor elétrico também é pressionado a apresentar alternativas ao fluido de origem fóssil. Neste estudo, óleos de algodão, babaçu, girassol, milho e soja, foram avaliados quanto ao seu potencial para utilização como fluido dielétrico. As propriedades avaliadas foram densidade, viscosidade, acidez, tensão de ruptura, fator de perda, teor de água e corrosividade. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados aos limites estabelecidos na NBR 15422. Os óleos vegetais apresentaram densidade e viscosidade dentro dos limites recomendados; além disso, não se mostraram corrosivos mas devem ser submetidos a tratamentos específicos que os conduzam a atender outras especificações; o tratamento dos óleos com solução de hidróxido de sódio diminuiu a acidez, melhorou a tensão de ruptura e diminuiu o fator de perda.The mineral oil, originated from petroleum, is the insulating fluid traditionally used in electrical transformers. Responding to appeals for clean and renewable energy sources, the electrical sector is also under pressure to present alternatives to the fluid of fossil origin. In this study, cotton, `babassu', sunflower, corn and soybean oils were evaluated for their potential of utilization as a dielectric fluid. The properties investigated were density, viscosity, acidity, breakdown voltage, loss factor, water content and corrosivity. The results were compared with the values of the limits established in NBR 15422. Vegetable oils showed density and viscosity within the limits set by standard, however, higher than those presented by the studied mineral oil. It was found that vegetable oils have to pass through improvements to meet other specifications required. The treatment of oils with sodium hydroxide solution reduced the acidity, improved the breakdown

Review of the Blastobasinae of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Blastobasidae).

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Adamski, David

2013-02-25

The Blastobasinae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Blastobasidae) of Costa Rica are reviewed. Five new genera, Barbaloba, Hallicis, Koleps, Pheos, and Pseudokoleps, and 101 new species are described. They include: Barbaloba jubae, B. meleagrisellae, Hallicis bisetosellus, H. calvicula, Koleps angulatus, Pheos aculeatus, Pseudokoleps akainae, Blastobasis abollae, B. achaea, B. aedes, B. babae, B. balucis, B. beo, B. caetrae, B. chanes, B. custodis, B. dapis, B. deae, B. deliciolarum, B. dicionis, B. echus, B. erae, B. fax, B. furtivus, B. iuanae, B. lex, B. litis, B. lygdi, B. manto, B. neniae, B. nivis, B. orithyia, B. paludis, B. phaedra, B. rotae, B. rotullae, B. tapetae, B. thyone, B. usurae, B. vesta, B. xiphiae, Hypatopa actes, H. acus, H. agnae, H. arxcis, H. bilobata, H. caedis, H. caepae, H. cladis, H. cotis, H. cotytto, H. crux, H. cyane, H. dicax, H. dolo, H. dux, H. edax, H. eos, H. erato, H. fio, H. gena, H. hecate, H. hera, H. hora, H. io, H. ira, H. leda, H. limae, H. lucina, H. joniella, H. juno, H. manus, H. mora, H. musa, H. nex, H. nox, H. phoebe, H. pica, H. plebis, H. rabio, H. rea, H. rego, H. rudis, H. sais, H. scobis, H. semela, H. solea, H. styga, H. texla, H. texo, H. umbra, H. verax, H. vitis, H. vox, Pigritia dido, P. faux, P. gruis, P. haha, P. sedis, P. stips, and P. ululae. Diagnoses, descriptions, and type data are provided for each species. Photographs of imagos, illustrations of wing venation for selected species, male and female genitalia, and distribution maps are furnished. Keys to all genera in Blastobasinae and keys to all species within each genus are provided to assist with identifications. In addition, scanning electron micrographs of the inner surface of the dilated first antennal flagellomere and associated sex scales for all Blastobasis are provided. Blastobasis coffeaella (Busck, 1925), B. graminea Adamski, 1999, Hypatopa tapadulcea Adamski, 1999, and Pigritia marjoriella Adamski, 1998 are redescribed.

Comparative genomics and proteomics of Helicobacter mustelae, an ulcerogenic and carcinogenic gastric pathogen

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

O'Toole, Paul W

2010-03-10

Abstract Background Helicobacter mustelae causes gastritis, ulcers and gastric cancer in ferrets and other mustelids. H. mustelae remains the only helicobacter other than H. pylori that causes gastric ulceration and cancer in its natural host. To improve understanding of H. mustelae pathogenesis, and the ulcerogenic and carcinogenic potential of helicobacters in general, we sequenced the H. mustelae genome, and identified 425 expressed proteins in the envelope and cytosolic proteome. Results The H. mustelae genome lacks orthologs of major H. pylori virulence factors including CagA, VacA, BabA, SabA and OipA. However, it encodes ten autotransporter surface proteins, seven of which were detected in the expressed proteome, and which, except for the Hsr protein, are of unknown function. There are 26 putative outer membrane proteins in H. mustelae, some of which are most similar to the Hof proteins of H. pylori. Although homologs of putative virulence determinants of H. pylori (NapA, plasminogen adhesin, collagenase) and Campylobacter jejuni (CiaB, Peb4a) are present in the H. mustelae genome, it also includes a distinct complement of virulence-related genes including a haemagglutinin\\/haemolysin protein, and a glycosyl transferase for producing blood group A\\/B on its lipopolysaccharide. The most highly expressed 264 proteins in the cytosolic proteome included many corresponding proteins from H. pylori, but the rank profile in H. mustelae was distinctive. Of 27 genes shown to be essential for H. pylori colonization of the gerbil, all but three had orthologs in H. mustelae, identifying a shared set of core proteins for gastric persistence. Conclusions The determination of the genome sequence and expressed proteome of the ulcerogenic species H mustelae provides a comparative model for H. pylori to investigate bacterial gastric carcinogenesis in mammals, and to suggest ways whereby cag minus H. pylori strains might cause ulceration and cancer. The genome sequence was

AN VIEW TO RELATION OF MOTHER-SON IN THE CONTEXT OF AN HONOR KILLING IN ELİF ŞAFAK’S NOVEL İSKENDER ELİF ŞAFAK’IN İSKENDER ROMANINDA BİR TÖRE CİNAYETİ BAĞLAMINDA ANNE-OĞUL İLİŞKİSİNE BAKIŞ

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Fethi DEMİR

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Elif Şafak narrates a tragic relation of mother-son in the context of an honor killing, in her last novel İskender. Şafak, who tells this honor killing with the point of view woman, approaches with a different point to oedipus comlex which has been written in the male dominated author world as a relation of father-son and Şafak puts forward mother figure that has been remained background in this psychoanalytic triangle. This prominence, extends the limits of oedipus theme, provides to evaluate this theme with various and wealthy connotations. On the other hand, as she also discusses “custom/honor crimes”, one of the important social problems, in a feminist sensitivity, she extends this mother-son relation as part of Turkish novel’s ancient themes like convention-modernity, mysticism, and East-West. Elif Şafak, son romanı İskender’de bir töre cinayeti bağlamında trajik bir anne-oğul ilişkisini anlatır. Töre cinayetini kadın bakış açısından yansıtan Şafak, yıllarca erkek egemen yazar dünyasında baba-oğul ilişkisi biçiminde işlenen Oedipus kompleksine farklı bir noktadan yaklaşır ve bu psikanalitik üçgende geri planda bırakılan anne figürünü öne çıkarır. Bu önceleme, Oedipus temasının sınırlarını genişletir, farklı ve zengin çağrışımlarla değerlendirilmesine olanak sağlar. Öte taraftan Türkiye’nin önemli toplumsal dertlerinden “töre/namus cinayetlerine” feminist bir duyarlılıkla bakması da bu anne-oğul ilişkisinin boyutlarını genişletir.

Women’s perceived susceptibility to and utilisation of cervical cancer screening services in Malawi

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Melanie Y. Hami

2014-10-01

Vroue se vermeende vatbaarheid en benutting van servikale kanker dienste in Malawi  Agtergrond: Malawi verskaf gratis servikale kanker siftings dienste by sommige openbare gesondheids instansies. Min vrouens maak gebruik van die kanker siftings dienste in Malawi en baie vrouens word steeds gediagnoseer met servikale kanker tydens die laat onopereerbare fases van die toestand. Doelwitte: Die doel van die studie was was om te bepaal of Malawiese vrouens wat 42 en ouer is se waargenome vatbaarheid vir servikale kanker hulle beïnvleod om beskikbare gratis servikale siftingsdienste te gebruik. ’n Kwantitatiwe, deursnee beskrywende navorsingsontwerp was gekies. Metode: Gestruktureerde onderhoude is met 381 vrouens gevoer wat drie gesondheidsdiensentrums in die Blantyre Distrik van Malawi besoek het. Resultate: ’n Statistiese beduidende verhouding het bestaan tussen vrouens se voornemens om vir servikale kanker getoets te word en hulle kennis oor servikale kanker (X² = 8.9; df = 1; p = 0.003 en dat hulle al gehoor het van MPV infeksies (X² = 4.2; df = 1; p = 0.041 op die 5% vlak van beduidenis. Servikale kanker siftingsdienste is gratis beskikbaar in openbare gesondheidsdiensinrigtings in Malawi. Desnieteenstaande was daar ’n lae waargenome risiko van servikale kanker onder vrouens wat 42 jaar oud en ouer was en dit het bygedra tot die beperkte benutting van siftingsdienste, wat verduidelik waarom 80% van servikale kankergevalle in Malawi gedurende die laat onopereerbare fases gediagnoseer is. Gevolgtrekkings: Malawiese vrouens was onbewus van hulle vatbaarheid vir servikale kanker en het inligting benodig oor servikale kanker siftingsdienste. Malawi se vrouens wat 42 jaar oud en ouer is, moet ingelig word aangaande die voordele van servikale sifting en die belangrikheid van effektiewe behandeling indien ’n vroë diagnose gemaak is. Vrouens van 42 of ouer benut selde voorgeboorte, nageboorte gesonde baba, of gesinsbeplanningsklinieke waar voorliging

Antioxidant Activity of Whey from Milk Fermented with Lactobacillus Species Isolated from Nigerian Fermented Foods

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Ifeoma Korie

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Eight Lactobacillus isolates obtained from five indigenous fermented foods (ogi, ogi baba, wara, kunnu and ugba were investigated. Wara is a dairy-based food while the others are not dairy-based. The bacteria were isolated on MRS agar and purified by successive streaking on the same medium. The whey fraction of skimmed milk fermented with each isolate was assayed for radical scavenging effects using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH radical. All the whey fractions showed radical scavenging activities. The five isolates with the highest activities were selected. On the basis of Gram stain reaction, cellular morphology, biochemical tests and carbohydrate utilization profiles they were identified as strains of Lactobacillus brevis, L. fermentum, L. plantarum, L. casei and L. delbrueckii. The antioxidant activities of whey fractions from 24-hour fermentations with the selected organisms were investigated using both radical scavenging effects and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. The radical scavenging activity was generally higher than the lipid peroxidation inhibition, except in the L. plantarum strain, which did not show any significant difference in both activities. The probiotic potential of the isolates was evaluated by pH and bile tolerance. None of the selected isolates showed any growth at pH=2.0 but L. casei and L. delbrueckii survived at this pH. Four of the five selected isolates were able to grow in 0.5 % dehydrated bile, with L. casei strain showing the highest level of growth, followed by L. delbrueckii. L. plantarum strain was not bile tolerant. The ability of L. casei and L. delbrueckii strains to survive at pH=2 and grow in the presence of bile indicates that the isolates may be able to colonize the gastrointestinal tract. The findings of this study indicate that Lactobacillus strains isolated from indigenous Nigerian fermented foods could be useful as starter cultures to provide antioxidants in food and that fermented milk

PREFACE: 11th Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma Science and Technology (APCPST-11) and 25th Symposium on Plasma Science for Materials (SPSM-25)

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Takayuki; Kaneko, Toshio; Sekine, Makoto; Tanaka, Yasunori

2013-06-01

advances in thermal and non-equilibrium plasmas as well as on more new and innovative developments in the field of life innovation, green innovation and a technical report session. The editors hope that this volume will be useful and helpful for deepening our understanding of science and technology of plasma materials processing and also for stimulating further development of the plasma technology. Finally, we would like to thank the conference chairmen, the members of the organizing committee, the advisory committee, the executive committee, the program committee, the publication committee, organizing secretariat and financial support from The 153rd Committee on Plasma Materials Science, JSPS. Sponsors and Supporting Organization: The 153rd Committee on Plasma Materials Science, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Organizing Committee Chairperson: Osamu Tsuji, SAMCO Corporation, Japan Advisory Committee Chairperson: Akihisa Matsuda, Osaka University, Japan Executive Committee Chairperson: Masaru Hori, Nagoya University, Japan Program Committee Chairperson: Takamasa Ishigaki, Hosei University, Japan Publication Committee Chairperson: Takayuki Watanabe, Kyushu University Editors of APCPST-11 and SPMS-25 Professor Takayuki Watanabe, Kyushu University, Japan Professor Toshio Kaneko, Tohoku University, Japan Professor Makoto Sekine, Nagoya University, Japan Professor Yasunori Tanaka, Kanazawa University, Japan

Life Satisfaction of Adolescents Living in Northern Cyprus / Kıbrıs’ın Kuzeyinde Yaşayan Ergenlerin Yaşam Memnuniyetleri

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Banu Özcan

2017-06-01

�ğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu, evren içerisinde yer alan beş lisenin 9, 10, 11, 12. sınıflarına devam eden 209’u erkek (%47,9, 227’si kız (%52,1 olmak üzere toplamda 436 öğrenciden oluşmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak demografik bilgilerin yer aldığı Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Çok Boyutlu Öğrenci Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çok Boyutlu Öğrenci Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği arkadaş doyumu, okul doyumu, çevre doyumu ve benlik doyumu alt boyutlarından oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 20 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda 15-19 yaş grubundaki 436 ergenin yaşam doyumlarının en düşük benlik alt boyutunda, en yüksek ise arkadaş alt boyutunda olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmada okul alt boyutundan alınan yaşam doyumu puanlarının, çevre alt boyutundan alınan yaşam doyumu puanlarından daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların yaşam doyumu puanlarının okul, sınıf, anne eğitim ve baba eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Fakat cinsiyet, yaş, kardeş sayısı, doğum sırası, anne çalışma ve baba çalışma durumuna göre anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.

Effect of Pre-Bloom Gibberellic Acid Application on Seedlessness and Some Fruit Traits of Three Iranian Seeded Grape Cultivars

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Hamed Doulati Baneh

2017-10-01

at the time of flowering, and several qualitative and quantitative traits including fruit set percentage, cluster length, rachis fresh weight, number of shot berries, number of seedless berries in clusters, the average weight of seedless berries, length of pedicle, berry weight, total soluble solids (TSS and pH were measured. Results and Discussion: The results of the study showed that GA3 at 100 mg/L showed significant difference from control regarding pollen germination rate, fruit set percentage, length of cluster and rachis, number of shot berries, weight and number of seedless berries, length of pedicle, weight of berry and TSS. Pollen germination was reduced in those cultivars treated with GA3 but the responses of cultivars were different. Gibberellin caused an increase in cluster length, but the rate of increase in Rish baba and Qzl ouzum was greater than Khalili. In terms of inducing seedlessness in berries, GA3 caused greater effect in Qzl ouzum than Rish baba and Khalili Qermez. The greatest seedless berries weight obtained with the treatment of GA3 spray 7 days before blooming in Qzl ouzum, although the number of seedless berries in this cultivar was fewer than other cultivars. The difference in berry number per cluster between clusters receiving GA3 pre- vs. post-anthesis appeared to consist largely of seedless berries. Perhaps, GA3 stimulated non-fertilized or otherwise nonviable fruits to be retained. The longest pedicle observed in Qzl ouzum treated with 100 mg/lit GA3 14 days before blooming, while Khalili Qermez had the shortest pedicle. In all the cultivars, treatment with GA3 caused an increase in the average length of pedicle. The content of total soluble solids (TSS in fruits treated with GA3 was higher than control. Gibberellic acid promotes cell division, stimulates earlier flowering, increases the size and yield of fruits, and induces seedlessness in seedless cultivars. The effect of GA3 depends on variety, concentration and time of

A nonrandomized, open-label study to evaluate the effect of nasal stimulation on tear production in subjects with dry eye disease

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Friedman NJ

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Neil J Friedman,1 Karla Butron,2 Nora Robledo,2 James Loudin,3 Stephanie N Baba,3 Arturo Chayet2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Mid-Peninsula Ophthalmology Medical Group, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 2Codet Vision Institute, Tijuana, Mexico; 3Oculeve, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA Background: Dry eye disease (DED, a chronic disorder affecting the tear film and lacrimal functional unit, is a widely prevalent condition associated with significant burden and unmet treatment needs. Since specific neural circuits play an important role in maintaining ocular surface health, microelectrical stimulation of these pathways could present a promising new approach to treating DED. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nasal electrical stimulation in patients with DED. Methods: This prospective, open-label, single-arm, nonrandomized pilot study included 40 patients with mild to severe DED. After undergoing two screening visits, enrolled subjects were provided with a nasal stimulation device and instructed to use it at home four times daily (or more often as needed. Follow-up assessments were conducted up to day 180. The primary efficacy endpoint was the difference between unstimulated and stimulated tear production quantified by Schirmer scores. Additional efficacy endpoints included change from baseline in corneal and conjunctival staining, symptoms evaluated on a Visual Analog Scale, and Ocular Surface Disease Index scores. Safety parameters included adverse event (AE rates, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and endoscopic nasal examinations. Results: Mean stimulated Schirmer scores were significantly higher than the unstimulated scores at all visits, and corneal and conjunctival staining and symptom scores from baseline to day 180 were significantly reduced. No serious device-related AEs and nine nonserious AEs (three device-related were reported. Intraocular pressure remained

A web-based survey of erection hardness score and its relationship to aging, sexual behavior, confidence, and risk factors in Japan.

Science.gov (United States)

Kimura, Masaki; Shimura, Satoru; Tai, Toshihiro; Kobayashi, Hideyuki; Baba, Shiro; Kano, Munehide; Nagao, Koichi

2013-12-01

Erection hardness is an elemental component of men's sexual quality of life that can be easily measured by the Erection Hardness Score (EHS). However, there are few published data regarding EHS, and there is little understanding of its relationships to aging, men's sexual behavior, sexual confidence, and risk factors in Japan. To assess EHS and how it correlates to aging, sexual behaviors, sexual self-confidence, and risk factors in a Japanese population database. A web-based cross-sectional nationwide survey conducted between March and May 2009 in Japan. EHS, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, general health, sexual confidence, frequency of sexual behaviors, and attitudes toward treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). A total of 7,710 men with a mean age of 39.3 ± 13.0 years participated in this survey. In 6,528 participants who were not using phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, 3,540 (54.2%) had EHS ≤ 3 and 1,196 (18.3%) had EHS ≤ 2. We found a significant age-dependent decrease in EHS, sexual confidence, and frequency of sexual activities. Sexual confidence was strongly associated with higher EHS but was also associated with older age groups, presence of offspring, awareness of better general health, and greater frequency of sexual activity. In age-adjusted multivariate logistic regression, risk factors for a lower EHS (defined as EHS ≤ 2) were heavy smoking, which was defined as more than two packs per day (odds ratio [OR], 1.7) or a history of metabolic syndrome (OR, 1.4), hypertension (OR, 1.2), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.4). EHS correlates to various elements, such as aging, sexual behaviors, sexual confidence, and ED-related risk factors, and can be a valuable tool in clinical practice for monitoring and treating ED and thereby improving the quality of life for men and their sexual partners. Kimura M, Shimura S, Tai T, Kobayashi H, Baba S, Kano M, and Nagao K. A web-based survey of Erection Hardness Score and its relationship to aging, sexual

Volatility Spillovers between Energy and Agricultural Markets: A Critical Appraisal of Theory and Practice

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Chia-Lin Chang

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Energy and agricultural commodities and markets have been examined extensively, albeit separately, for a number of years. In the energy literature, the returns, volatility and volatility spillovers (namely, the delayed effect of a returns shock in one asset on the subsequent volatility or covolatility in another asset, among alternative energy commodities, such as oil, gasoline and ethanol across different markets, have been analysed using a variety of univariate and multivariate models, estimation techniques, data sets, and time frequencies. A similar comment applies to the separate theoretical and empirical analysis of a wide range of agricultural commodities and markets. Given the recent interest and emphasis in bio-fuels and green energy, especially bio-ethanol, which is derived from a range of agricultural products, it is not surprising that there is a topical and developing literature on the spillovers between energy and agricultural markets. Modelling and testing spillovers between the energy and agricultural markets has typically been based on estimating multivariate conditional volatility models, specifically the Baba, Engle, Kraft, and Kroner (BEKK and dynamic conditional correlation (DCC models. A serious technical deficiency is that the Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimates (QMLE of a Full BEKK matrix, which is typically estimated in examining volatility spillover effects, has no asymptotic properties, except by assumption, so that no valid statistical test of volatility spillovers is possible. Some papers in the literature have used the DCC model to test for volatility spillovers. However, it is well known in the financial econometrics literature that the DCC model has no regularity conditions, and that the QMLE of the parameters of DCC has no asymptotic properties, so that there is no valid statistical testing of volatility spillovers. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the theory and practice in testing for volatility spillovers

Remoção da prata em efluentes radiográficos = Silver removal in radiographic wastewaters

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Edmilson Cesar Bortoletto

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O efluente proveniente da etapa de fixação e a água de enxágüe gerada no processamento de filmes radiográficos contêm prata na forma de complexo negativo de tiossulfato de prata, o que torna este efluente extremamente tóxico a organismos aquáticos. Neste trabalho foi realizado o estudo da remoção da prata presente nestes efluentes. Para a remoção da prata presente no fixador foi realizado o estudo da precipitação utilizando diferentes agentes precipitantes. A maior porcentagem de remoção de prata (84% foi obtida utilizando-se H2O2 a 0,17 mol L-1. Além disso, foi realizado o estudo da remoção da pratapresente na água residual pelo processo de adsorção com carvão ativado e zeólitas. A zeólita não apresentou afinidade com o complexo de prata. Os melhores resultados de remoção de prata foram obtidos com o uso de carvão ativado granular de coco de babaçu, obtendo-seuma remoção de 0,42 mg de prata g-1 de carvão ativado.Fixing bath solution as well as radiographic wastewaters contain silver in deleterious concentration to the aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately such effluents do not receive adequate treatment in order to remove such ion. Therefore the present work aimed to investigate silver removal from fixing baths and radiographic wastewaters from the odontological clinic of the UniversityHospital of Maringá. Treatments here investigated included precipitation of silver from fixing bath and adsorption in zeolites and activated carbon. The highest silver removal for the first treatment (around 84% was obtained with 0.17 mol L-1 of H2O2. Concerning the adsorption process, it was concluded that zeolites A, X and mordenite were inefficient to retain the silver complex. Nevertheless activated carbon from babassu coconut was able toremove up to 0.42 mg of silver g-1 of activated carbon.

The perception of stress pattern in young cochlear implanted children: an EEG study

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Niki Katerina Vavatzanidis

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Children with sensorineural hearing loss may (regain hearing with a cochlear implant – a device that transforms sounds into electric pulses and bypasses the dysfunctioning inner ear by stimulating the auditory nerve directly with an electrode array. Many implanted children master the acquisition of spoken language successfully, yet we still have little knowledge of the actual input they receive with the implant and specifically which language sensitive cues they hear. This would be important however, both for understanding the flexibility of the auditory system when presented with stimuli after a (life-long phase of deprivation and for planning therapeutic intervention. In rhythmic languages the general stress pattern conveys important information about word boundaries. Infant language acquisition relies on such cues and can be severely hampered when this information is missing, as seen for dyslexic children and children with specific language impairment. Here we ask whether children with a cochlear implant perceive differences in stress patterns during their language acquisition phase and if they do, whether it is present directly following implant stimulation or if and how much time is needed for the auditory system to adapt to the new sensory modality. We performed a longitudinal ERP study, testing in bimonthly intervals the stress pattern perception of 17 young hearing impaired children (age range: 9-50 months; mean: 22 months during their first 6 months of implant use. An additional session before the implantation served as control baseline. During a session they passively listened to an oddball paradigm featuring the disyllable baba, which was stressed either on the first or second syllable (trochaic vs. iambic stress pattern. A group of age-matched normal hearing children participated as controls.Our results show, that within the first 6 months of implant use the implanted children develop a negative mismatch response for iambic but not

CHILDREN'S EDUCATION AND CHILDREN'S WORLD IN DİVANU LUGAT'İT TÜRK DİVANU LUGAT’İT TÜRK’TE ÇOCUK DÜNYASI VE ÇOCUK EĞİTİMİ

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Zekerya BATUR

2011-06-01

Full Text Available This study was conducted as a survey method based on the review of the document. In this study Divanu Lugati't Türk was examined in terms of the concept of “child”, children's education and children's world. As a result of the study, it was determined that the child has own language, game world and view of education. In the book effectively used proverbs actions of the child's daily life. Mother dealt with the general education of the child, father dealt with vocational training. In addition, in the education of children mother played on important role in child’s education.In the book calls attention to the importance of child education, the environment. Children are growing games and toys concepts. The children are used the wrong superstitious beliefs from time to time Bu çalışma tarama modelinde olup doküman incelemesine dayalı olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Divanu Lugati’t Türk, “çocuk” kavramı, çocuk eğitimi ve çocuk dünyası bağlamında incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda çocuğun kendine özgü bir dili, oyun dünyası ve eğitim anlayışının olduğu belirlenmiştir. Eserde, çocuğun günlük yaşamdaki eylemleri atasözlerinde de etkili bir şekilde kullanılmıştır. Çocuğun genel eğitimiyle anne ilgilenirken, meslek eğitimiyle baba ilgilenmiştir. Bunun yanında çocuk eğitiminde annenin birinci derecede görevli, sorumlu olduğu görülmüştür.Eserde, çocuk eğitiminde çevrenin önemine dikkat çekilmiştir. Çocuğun oyun ve oyuncak kavramlarıyla büyüdüğü belirtilmiştir. Zaman zaman da çocuklarla ilgili yanlış batıl inançların kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir.

Efeito tóxico de alimentos alternativos para abelhas Apis mellifera Toxic effect of alternative feeds for honeybees Apis mellifera

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Fábia de Mello Pereira

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar a existência de efeito tóxico em alimentos protéicos alternativos fornecidos para abelhas Apis mellifera. Medindo-se o tempo médio de mortalidade e o índice de mortalidade de abelhas confinadas, avaliou-se a existência de efeito tóxico do: (a feno das folhas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta; (b feno das folhas de leucena (Leucaena leococephala; (c farinha de vagem de algaroba (Prosopis juliflora; (d farinha de vagem de bordão-de-velho (Pithecellobium cf. saman; (e farelo de babaçu (Orbygnia martiana e (f sucedâneo do leite para bezerros da marca Purina®. O tempo médio de mortalidade variou de 4,46 a 11,74 e o índice de mortalidade variou de 4,58 a 12,80. Durante o experimento, obsevou-se que as abelhas alimentadas com farinha de bordão-de-velho ficavam envoltas em uma crosta de alimento, morrendo asfixiadas posteriormente. Os resultados demonstraram que a farinha de bordão-de-velho não deve ser fornecida às abelhas. Não foi observado efeito tóxico nos demais alimentos estudados.The objective of this research was to study toxic effects of alternative feeds for honeybees Apis mellifera. The average mortality time and the mortality index of cagged honeybees were assessed to evaluate any possible toxic effect of: (a cassava hay (Manihot esculenta; (b leucaena hay (Leucaena leococephala; (c mesquite pod meal (Prosopis juliflora; (d "bordão-de-velho" pod meal (Pithecellobium cf. saman; (e babassu bran (Orbygnia martiana and (f succedaneous for calfskin from Purina®. The mortality time average varied from 4.46 to 11.74 and the mortality index varied between 4.58 and 12.80. It was obseved that honeybees fed with "bordão-de-velho" pod meal got involved by stichy layer of food and died asphyxiated. Results showed that the flour of Pithecellobium cf. saman should not be used for feeding honeybees, considering the early mortality of workers fed with this meal. The other food studied

Ortaokul 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Okur Özyeterlikleri ile Okuduklarını Anlama Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki

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Hatice ALTUNKAYA

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Çalışmada, ortaokul 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin okur özyeterlik algıları ile okuduklarını anlama becerileri arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak Ülper, Yaylı ve Karakaya (2013 tarafından geliştirilmiş “Okur Özyeterlik Ölçeği” ve Dedebali ve Saracaloğlu (2010 tarafından geliştirilen “Okuduğunu Anlama Akademik Başarı Testi” kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu ölçek ve test Türkiye’nin batısında bir ilde ortaokul sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören 364 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin okur özyeterlik algı düzeyi düşüklüğünün okuduğunu anlama düzeyini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Kızların özyeterlik algıları erkeklerden düşük olarak bulunan araştırmada, kızların okuduğunu anlama seviyelerinin erkeklerden yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anne eğitim durumu ve aile aylık geliri değişkenlerine göre öğrencilerin özyeterlikleri ile okuduklarını anlama seviyeleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Baba eğitim durumu değişkenine göre öğrencilerin okur özyeterliğinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken okuduğunu anlama üzerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunduğu, üniversite mezunu babaların çocuklarının okuduklarını anlama seviyelerinin daha yüksek olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Genes de patogenicidade de Helicobacter pylori, polimorfismos de citocinas e fatores ambientais afetam o desenvolvimento de doenças gástricas: uma visão geral

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Júlia Silveira Vianna

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Justificativa e objetivos: Helicobacter pylori é uma bactéria Gram negativa que coloniza o estômago de aproximadamente 50% da população humana mundial. Este microrganismo é o principal agente causal de gastrite e um importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de úlcera péptica e carcinoma gástrico. Os fatores que determinam essa diversidade de manifestações clínicas permanecem incertos, mas podem estar relacionados com a interação dos fatores bacterianos, sistema imune do hospedeiro e variáveis ambientais. O objetivo desta revisão é fornecer uma visão geral destes fatores que influenciam na susceptibilidade a desordens severas de infecção por H. pylori. Método: Para isso, foram selecionados artigos originais e de revisão através da pesquisa nas bases de dados bibliográficos PubMed, Portal de Periódicos CAPES e SCIELO. Resultados: H. pylori possui um conjunto de fatores de patogenicidade, tais como cagA, vacA, iceA, babA, para colonizar a mucosa gástrica e estabelecer infecção crônica. Estes fatores bacterianos são agentes essenciais em modular a resposta imune envolvida na iniciação da carcinogênesegástrica. Os fatores genéticos do hospedeiro contribuem para regular a resposta inflamatória e parao agravamento da lesão damucosa gástrica uma vez que a infecção gástrica por H. pylori induz a produção de várias citocinas pró e anti-inflamatórias no hospedeiro. O papel prejudicial dos fatores ambientais está relacionado com as precárias condições socioeconômicas, com o consumo de sal, com o tabagismo e com o consumo de álcool. Conclusão: Ao decifrar as regras deterministas - se houver - dessa interação entre fatores da bactéria, do hospedeiro e variáveis ambientais, será possível prever, tratar e, finalmente, prevenir graves doenças gastroduodenais.

The Perception of Stress Pattern in Young Cochlear Implanted Children: An EEG Study.

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Vavatzanidis, Niki K; Mürbe, Dirk; Friederici, Angela D; Hahne, Anja

2016-01-01

Children with sensorineural hearing loss may (re)gain hearing with a cochlear implant-a device that transforms sounds into electric pulses and bypasses the dysfunctioning inner ear by stimulating the auditory nerve directly with an electrode array. Many implanted children master the acquisition of spoken language successfully, yet we still have little knowledge of the actual input they receive with the implant and specifically which language sensitive cues they hear. This would be important however, both for understanding the flexibility of the auditory system when presented with stimuli after a (life-) long phase of deprivation and for planning therapeutic intervention. In rhythmic languages the general stress pattern conveys important information about word boundaries. Infant language acquisition relies on such cues and can be severely hampered when this information is missing, as seen for dyslexic children and children with specific language impairment. Here we ask whether children with a cochlear implant perceive differences in stress patterns during their language acquisition phase and if they do, whether it is present directly following implant stimulation or if and how much time is needed for the auditory system to adapt to the new sensory modality. We performed a longitudinal ERP study, testing in bimonthly intervals the stress pattern perception of 17 young hearing impaired children (age range: 9-50 months; mean: 22 months) during their first 6 months of implant use. An additional session before the implantation served as control baseline. During a session they passively listened to an oddball paradigm featuring the disyllable "baba," which was stressed either on the first or second syllable (trochaic vs. iambic stress pattern). A group of age-matched normal hearing children participated as controls. Our results show, that within the first 6 months of implant use the implanted children develop a negative mismatch response for iambic but not for trochaic

PREFACE: 12th International Symposium on Multiscale, Multifunctional and Functionally Graded Materials (FGM 2012)

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Zhou, Zhangjian; Li, Jingfeng; Zhang, Lianmeng; Ge, Changchun

2013-03-01

Technology, and was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. On behalf of the organizing committee of FGM-2012, I express my great appreciation to their support of the symposium. Nearly 100 scholars and students from Japan, Brazil, Germany, Russia, United States of America, Portugal, France, Switzerland, Turkey, Singapore, China, and so on, attended FGM-2012, and 57 of the presented papers were collected and selected for publication. The subjects of these papers cover simulation and characterization, advanced fabrication technology, novel application of FGM and layer materials. I cordially thank all of the authors and attendees for their support, and my appreciation is also given to the advisory committee, organizing committee, and the conference volunteers for their hard work. Professor Zhangjian Zhou Proceedings Editor Beijing, December 2012 Committees International Advisory Committee Professor Glaucio H Paulino, USA Professor Marek-Jerzy Pindera, USA Professor Jeong-Ho Kim, USA Professor Emer Fazil Erdogan, USA Professor Dr Monika Willert-Porada, Germany Professor Emer Wolfgang G J Bunk, Germany Professor Omer Van Der Biest, Belgium Professor Michael M Gasik, Finland Professor Evgeny Levashov, Russia Professor Lianmeng Zhang, China Professor Qingjie Zhang, China Professor Wei Pan, China Professor Chang-Chun Ge, China Professor Jing-Feng Li, China Professor Zhangjian Zhou, China Associate Professor Serkan Dag, Turkey Professor Fernando A Rochinha, Brazil Professor Emilio C N Silva, Brazil Professor Luis August Rocha, Portugal Dr Sasa Novak, Slovenia Dr Masayuki Niino, Japan Professor Akira Kawasaki, Japan Professor Ichiro Shiota, Japan Dr Akinaga Kumakawa, Japan Dr Yoshikazu Shinohara, Japan Professor Kiyotaka Matsuura, Japan Professor Yoshinari Miyamoto, Japan Professor Takashi Goto, Japan Professor Yoshimi Watanabe, Japan Professor Kazuhiro Hasezaki, Japan Professor Soshu Kirihara, Japan Professor Emer Toshio Hirai, Japan Mr Choji Endou, Japan Dr

Applied Nanotechnology and Nanoscience International Conference 2016

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2017-01-01

, Italy• Luigi Sangaletti, Italy• Igor E Agranovski, Australia• Valentine Novosad, United States• Bart Partoens, Belgium• Victor Ryzhii, Japan• Maxim Ryzhii, Japan• Bekir Aktas, Turkey• Vladimir Baulin, Spain• Mónica L. Fanarraga, Spain• Luca Businaro, Italy• Fernando Calle, Spain• Thierry Conard, Belgium• Antonio Tejeda Gala, France• Fikret Yildiz, Turkey• Devika Chithrani, Canada• Hans Fecht, Germany• Yoshinobu Baba, Japan• Masami Furuuchi, Japan• Nguyen T. K. Thanh, United Kingdom• Muhammad Hassan Sayyad, Pakistan• Maurizio Ferrari, Italy• Elisabetta Comini, Italy• Philippe Djemia, France• Andrei Kanaev, France• Jacques Jupille, France• Mallikarjuna Nadagouda, United States• Haibo Zhu, Saudi Arabia• Rahul Mane, India• Ildoo Chung, Korea, Republic Of• Rogério Gaspar, Portugal• Helena F Florindo, Portugal• Karine Andrieux, France• Nirali Gondaliya, India• Kumar Magnash, France• Nancy Ranxing Li, United States (paper)

Myxomycetes em Palmeiras (Arecaceae Myxomycetes on palm trees (Arecaceae

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Maria Helena Alves

1996-07-01

Full Text Available As palmeiras oferecem um ecossistema especializado que abriga organismos variados, incluindo Myxomycetes. Este trabalho relata doze espécies de Myxomycetes encontradas em folhas mortas, espata e estipe de Acrocomia intumescens Drude (macaúba, Copernicea prunifera (Mill. H. E. Moore (carnaúba, Mauritia flexuosa Mart, (buriti e Orbygnia phalerata Mart, (babaçu. Constitui-se área de coleta o Município do Crato, Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil (7º 30'00" S, 39º 00' 00" W, 400-1200 m de altitude. Coletas aleatórias foram efetuadas e as frutificações foram pesquisadas em órgãos vivos ou mortos das palmeiras. Exsicatas foram depositadas no Herbário UFP (Departamento de Botânica da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife - PE, Brasil. As espécies registradas pertencem aos gêneros Ceratiomyxa (1, Dictydium (1, Arcyria (1, Hemitrichia (1, Badhamia (1, Fuligo (1, Physarum (3, Stemonitis (2 e Comatricha (1. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Miill. Macbr., Physarum stellatum (Mass. Mart., Stemonitis pallida Win. e Comatricha typhoides (Bull. Rost. são referidas pela primeira vez para este tipo de substrato. Este trabalho eleva para 35 o número de espécies de Myxomycetes assinaladas sobre palmeiras até o momento.Palm trees are specialized ecossystems which hosts a wide variety of organisms, including Myxomycetes. This paper reports twelve species of Myxomycetes found on dead leaves, spathes and stipitis of Acrocomia intumescens Drude, Copernicea prunifera (Mill. H. E. Moore, Mauritia flexuosa Mart., and Orbygnia phalerata Mart. The collecting area is located in the Municipality Crato of Ceará State, Northeastern Brazil (7º 30'00" S, 39º 00' 00" W, 400-1200 m altitude. Samples were taken at random and Myxomycetes fructifications were searched on dead and living organs of palm trees. Exsiccatae have been deposited in the Herbarium UFP (Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil. The species registered belong to the

Tsunami Source Modeling of the 2015 Volcanic Tsunami Earthquake near Torishima, South of Japan

Science.gov (United States)

Sandanbata, O.; Watada, S.; Satake, K.; Fukao, Y.; Sugioka, H.; Ito, A.; Shiobara, H.

2017-12-01

An abnormal earthquake occurred at a submarine volcano named Smith Caldera, near Torishima Island on the Izu-Bonin arc, on May 2, 2015. The earthquake, which hereafter we call "the 2015 Torishima earthquake," has a CLVD-type focal mechanism with a moderate seismic magnitude (M5.7) but generated larger tsunami waves with an observed maximum height of 50 cm at Hachijo Island [JMA, 2015], so that the earthquake can be regarded as a "tsunami earthquake." In the region, similar tsunami earthquakes were observed in 1984, 1996 and 2006, but their physical mechanisms are still not well understood. Tsunami waves generated by the 2015 earthquake were recorded by an array of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) gauges, 100 km northeastern away from the epicenter. The waves initiated with a small downward signal of 0.1 cm and reached peak amplitude (1.5-2.0 cm) of leading upward signals followed by continuous oscillations [Fukao et al., 2016]. For modeling its tsunami source, or sea-surface displacement, we perform tsunami waveform simulations, and compare synthetic and observed waveforms at the OBP gauges. The linear Boussinesq equations are adapted with the tsunami simulation code, JAGURS [Baba et al., 2015]. We first assume a Gaussian-shaped sea-surface uplift of 1.0 m with a source size comparable to Smith Caldera, 6-7 km in diameter. By shifting source location around the caldera, we found the uplift is probably located within the caldera rim, as suggested by Sandanbata et al. [2016]. However, synthetic waves show no initial downward signal that was observed at the OBP gauges. Hence, we add a ring of subsidence surrounding the main uplift, and examine sizes and amplitudes of the main uplift and the subsidence ring. As a result, the model of a main uplift of around 1.0 m with a radius of 4 km surrounded by a ring of small subsidence shows good agreement of synthetic and observed waveforms. The results yield two implications for the deformation process that help us to understanding

Effect of carbon ion implantation on the tribology of metal-on-metal bearings for artificial joints

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Koseki H

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Hironobu Koseki,1 Masato Tomita,2 Akihiko Yonekura,2 Takashi Higuchi,1 Sinya Sunagawa,2 Koumei Baba,3,4 Makoto Osaki2 1Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan; 3Industrial Technology Center of Nagasaki, Ikeda, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan; 4Affiliated Division, Nagasaki University School of Engineering, Bunkyo, Nagasaki, Japan Abstract: Metal-on-metal (MoM bearings have become popular due to a major advantage over metal-on-polymer bearings for total hip arthroplasty in that the larger femoral head and hydrodynamic lubrication of the former reduce the rate of wear. However, concerns remain regarding adverse reactions to metal debris including metallosis caused by metal wear generated at the taper-head interface and another modular junction. Our group has hypothesized that carbon ion implantation (CII may improve metal wear properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the wear properties and friction coefficients of CII surfaces with an aim to ultimately apply these surfaces to MoM bearings in artificial joints. CII was applied to cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo alloy substrates by plasma source ion implantation. The substrates were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and a 3D measuring laser microscope. Sliding contact tests were performed with a simple geometry pin-on-plate wear tester at a load of 2.5 N, a calculated contact pressure of 38.5 MPa (max: 57.8 MPa, a reciprocating velocity of 30 mm/s, a stroke length of 60 mm, and a reciprocating cycle count of 172,800 cycles. The surfaces of the CII substrates were generally featureless with a smooth surface topography at the same level as untreated Co-Cr-Mo alloy. Compared to the untreated Co-Cr-Mo alloy, the CII-treated bearings had lower friction coefficients, higher resistance to catastrophic damage, and

A rapid calculation system for tsunami propagation in Japan by using the AQUA-MT/CMT solutions

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Nakamura, T.; Suzuki, W.; Yamamoto, N.; Kimura, H.; Takahashi, N.

2017-12-01

We developed a rapid calculation system of geodetic deformations and tsunami propagation in and around Japan. The system automatically conducts their forward calculations by using point source parameters estimated by the AQUA system (Matsumura et al., 2006), which analyze magnitude, hypocenter, and moment tensors for an event occurring in Japan in 3 minutes of the origin time at the earliest. An optimized calculation code developed by Nakamura and Baba (2016) is employed for the calculations on our computer server with 12 core processors of Intel Xeon 2.60 GHz. Assuming a homogeneous fault slip in the single fault plane as the source fault, the developed system calculates each geodetic deformation and tsunami propagation by numerically solving the 2D linear long-wave equations for the grid interval of 1 arc-min from two fault orientations simultaneously; i.e., one fault and its conjugate fault plane. Because fault models based on moment tensor analyses of event data are used, the system appropriately evaluate tsunami propagation even for unexpected events such as normal faulting in the subduction zone, which differs with the evaluation of tsunami arrivals and heights from a pre-calculated database by using fault models assuming typical types of faulting in anticipated source areas (e.g., Tatehata, 1998; Titov et al., 2005; Yamamoto et al., 2016). By the complete automation from event detection to output graphical figures, the calculation results can be available via e-mail and web site in 4 minutes of the origin time at the earliest. For moderate-sized events such as M5 to 6 events, the system helps us to rapidly investigate whether amplitudes of tsunamis at nearshore and offshore stations exceed a noise level or not, and easily identify actual tsunamis at the stations by comparing with obtained synthetic waveforms. In the case of using source models investigated from GNSS data, such evaluations may be difficult because of the low resolution of sources due to a low

A STUDY ON THE RELATION BETWEEN PARENTS’ GENERAL IDEAS ABOUT CHILDREN BOOKS AND CHILDREN’S PERCEPTIVE LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL ANNE VE BABALARIN ÇOCUK KİTAPLARI HAKKINDAKİ GENEL GÖRÜŞLERİ İLE ÇOCUKLARIN ALICI DİL GELİŞİM DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ

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Filiz ERBAY

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of the study is to identify the relation between parents’ general ideas about children books and children’s perceptive language development level. The study is conducted with randomly chosen 112 six year old children attending preschool classes and their parents. Parents’ and Teachers’ General Ideas about Children Books Questionnaire, and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT are used as data collection devices. In this study in addition to descriptive statistics like frequency, percentage, arithmetic average, and standard deviation, as an analysis technique Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient is also used. At the end of the study is found that there is no significant relation between parents’ ideas about children books and children’s perceptive language development level. Bu araştırmanın amacı, anne ve babaların çocuk kitapları hakkındaki genel görüşleri ile çocukların alıcı dil gelişimi düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma tesadüfî örneklem yoluyla seçilen ilköğretim okullarının ana sınıflarına devam eden altı yaşındaki 112 çocuk ile bu çocukların anne ve babaları üzerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Anne Baba ve Öğretmenlerin Çocuk Kitapları ile İlgili Genel Görüşleri Anketi ve Peabody Resim-Kelime Testi (PRKT kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma gibi betimsel istatistiklerin yanında, Pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyon katsayısı analiz tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, anne ve babaların çocuk kitapları hakkındaki genel görüşleri ile çocukların dil gelişimi düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanamamıştır.

La Lectoescritura Y Su Incidencia En El Desarrollo De Habilidades Y Destrezas Cognoscitivas En Los Estudiantes De La Escuela “Zoila Ugarte De Landívar”, Recinto La Carmela, Cantón Baba, Provincia De Los Ríos.

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Arcentales Vinces Odalia Francisca

2015-01-01

This research is denomination in developing literacy skills and cognitive skills in students "Zoila Ugarte de Landivar" School, with the element of language as the main vehicle by which thought is transmitted, and allows satisfy the human need to communicate with others. Among the problems observed is that they have not successfully completed the integration of visual, auditory and motor functions, for which the problem has been determined indicating how affects reading and writing skills...

Parental communication and perceived parental attitudes about sexuality among Turkish college students / Türk üniversite öğrencileri arasında cinsellikle ilgili konularda anne ve babayla iletişim ve algılanan anne baba tutumları

OpenAIRE

Nursel TOPKAYA

2012-01-01

ABSTRACTThis current study was conducted to examine parental communication and perceived parental attitudes about sexuality with respect to gender among Turkish college students. Moreover, attitudes toward premarital sexuality with respect to gender were explored. A demographic data form, premarital sexual permissiveness scale, parental communication about sexuality scale and parental attitudes about sexuality scale were administered to 366 (217 female and 148 male) college students, aged 18 ...

The signs of ocular-surface disorders after switching from latanoprost to tafluprost/timolol fixed combination: a prospective study

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Okumichi H

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Hideaki Okumichi,1 Yoshiaki Kiuchi,1 Tetsuya Baba,2 Takashi Kanamoto,3 Tomoko Naito,4,5 Shunsuke Nakakura,6 Hitoshi Tabuchi,6 Hiroki Nii,7 Chie Sueoka,7 Yosuke Sugimoto1,8 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; 2Shirai Eye Hospital, Mitoyo, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Hiroshima Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan; 5Department of Ophthalmology, Konko Hospital, Asakuchi, Japan; 6Department of Ophthalmology, Saneikai Tsukazaki Hospital, Himeji, Japan; 7Department of Ophthalmology, Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; 8Department of Ophthalmology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan Purpose: To evaluate the ocular-surface safety of a 0.001% benzalkonium chloride-containing tafluprost/timolol fixed combination (TTFC in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG or ocular hypertension who have inadequate intraocular pressure (IOP control with latanoprost monotherapy.Methods: This study is a multicenter, prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study. Patients with POAG or ocular hypertension who have inadequate IOP control with latanoprost monotherapy were considered eligible. After providing informed consent, patients continued latanoprost monotherapy for 12 weeks, followed by a switch to TTFC. We evaluated the extent of ocular-surface damage using superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK score, tear breakup time (TBUT, hyperemia score, IOP, systolic blood pressure (SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP, and heart rate at 0, 4, and 12 weeks after switching.Results: A total of 68 patients were enrolled, of whom, 64 patients were included in the final analysis. No significant changes in SPK score, TBUT, or hyperemia score were observed at 4 and 12 weeks compared with week 0. IOP decreased significantly at 4 (13.9±2.5 mmHg and 12

Efeito da berinjela sobre os lípides plasmáticos, a peroxidação lipídica e a reversão da disfunção endotelial na hipercolesterolemia experimental Effect of eggplant on plasma lipid levels, lipidic peroxidation and reversion of endothelial dysfunction in experimental hypercholesterolemia

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Paulo Afonso Ribeiro Jorge

1998-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar o efeito do suco da berinjela sobre os lípides plasmáticos, o colesterol tecidual, a peroxidação lipídica das LDL nativas, oxidadas e da parede arterial e o relaxamento dependente do endotélio, em coelhos hipercolesterolêmicos. MÉTODOS: Coelhos foram separados em grupos controle (GC, hipercolesterolêmico (GH e berinjela (GB, (n=10. Os animais do GC foram alimentados com ração normal, o GH e o GB com ração acrescentada de colesterol (0,5% e gordura de babaçu (10% durante 30 dias. Ao GB acrescentou-se suco de berinjela, nos últimos 15 dias do experimento. Os lípides plasmáticos foram medidos através de kits enzimáticos, a peroxidação lipídica pela dosagem do malondialdeído (MDA e o relaxamento dependente do endotélio, por curvas de concentração efeito pela acetilcolina e nitroprussiato. RESULTADOS: O peso dos animais foi menor no GB em relação ao GC e GH (pPURPOSE: To study the effect of egg plant on endothelium-dependent relaxation, and plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, and to assess influence of this plant on the malondialdehyde (MDA content of LDL particles and the arterial wall. METHODS: Thirteen male rabbits were randomly assigned to control (C, hypercholesterolemic (H and egg plant (E treated groups (n=10 each. The H and E rabbits were fed a diet supplemented with cholesterol (0.5% and coconut oil (10% for 4 weeks. In addition, group E received 10mL of the fruit juice/day during the last 2 weeks.The animals were killed and the aorta removed to measure MDA content and the endothelium dependent relaxation responses. Total plasma cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels were determined using commercial kits. MDA was quantified in native and oxidized LDL and in the arterial wall. RESULTS: After 4 weeks, the E group rabbits had a significantly lower weight , plasma cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride and aortic cholesterol contentthan group H(p<0.05. The MDA content that was

Effective prevention of sorafenib-induced hand–foot syndrome by dried-bonito broth

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Kamimura K

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Kenya Kamimura,1 Yoko Shinagawa-Kobayashi,1 Ryo Goto,1 Kohei Ogawa,1 Takeshi Yokoo,1 Akira Sakamaki,1 Satoshi Abe,1 Hiroteru Kamimura,1 Takeshi Suda,2 Hiroshi Baba,3 Takayuki Tanaka,4 Yoshizu Nozawa,5 Naoto Koyama,6 Masaaki Takamura,1 Hirokazu Kawai,1 Satoshi Yamagiwa,1 Yutaka Aoyagi,1 Shuji Terai1 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan; 2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata Medical and Dental Hospital, Minami-Uonuma, Niigata, Japan; 3Division of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan; 4Uonuma Eye Clinic, Uonuma, Niigata, Japan; 5Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan; 6Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan Background: Sorafenib (SOR is a molecular medicine that prolongs the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC. Therefore, the management of side effects is essential for the longer period of continuous medication. Among the various side effects, hand–foot syndrome (HFS is the most common, occurring in 30%–50% of patients, and often results in discontinuation of the SOR medication. However, its mechanism has not been clarified, and no effective prevention method has been reported for the symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze its mechanism and to develop an effective prevention regimen for the symptoms. Materials and methods: To assess the mechanism of SOR-induced HFS, the peripheral blood flow in the hand and foot was carefully monitored by Doppler ultrasound, thermography, and laser speckle flowgraphy in the cases treated with SOR and its contribution was assessed. Then, the effect of dried-bonito broth (DBB, which was reported to improve peripheral blood flow, on the prevention of the symptom was

The fauna of phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae in different phytogeographic regions of the state of Maranhão, Brazil Fauna de flebotomíneos (Diptera, Psychodidae em municípios de diferentes fitorregiões, no estado do Maranhão, Brasil

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José Manuel Macário Rebêlo

2010-01-01

espécies, floresta ombrófila (31 e cerrados meridionais (23, sendo menor nas áreas de matas mistas (floresta com babaçu, cerrado e caatinga. O maior índice de similaridade foi observado entre a restinga e a floresta estacional perenifólia aberta (J = 0,48. A floresta estacional perenifólia densa apresentou maior similaridade com a floresta ombrófila (J = 0,38. A fauna de flebotomíneos mostrou-se rica e distribuída de maneira heterogênea no Maranhão, concordando com a complexidade fitogeográfica do Estado, que se manifesta na riqueza de ecossistemas e de zonas climáticas.

The onset of the volcanism in the Ciomadul Volcanic Dome Complex (Eastern Carpathians): Eruption chronology and magma type variation

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Molnár, Kata; Harangi, Szabolcs; Lukács, Réka; Dunkl, István; Schmitt, Axel K.; Kiss, Balázs; Garamhegyi, Tamás; Seghedi, Ioan

2018-04-01

Combined zircon U-Th-Pb and (U-Th)/He dating was applied to refine the eruption chronology of the last 2 Myr for the andesitic and dacitic Pilişca volcano and Ciomadul Volcanic Dome Complex (CVDC), the youngest volcanic area of the Carpathian-Pannonian region, located in the southernmost Harghita, eastern-central Europe. The proposed eruption ages, which are supported also by the youngest zircon crystallization ages, are much younger than the previously determined K/Ar ages. By dating every known eruption center in the CVDC, repose times between eruptive events were also accurately determined. Eruption of the andesite at Murgul Mare (1865 ± 87 ka) and dacite of the Pilişca volcanic complex (1640 ± 37 ka) terminated an earlier pulse of volcanic activity within the southernmost Harghita region, west of the Olt valley. This was followed by the onset of the volcanism in the CVDC, which occurred after several 100s kyr of eruptive quiescence. At ca. 1 Ma a significant change in the composition of erupted magma occurred from medium-K calc-alkaline compositions to high-K dacitic (Baba-Laposa dome at 942 ± 65 ka) and shoshonitic magmas (Malnaş and Bixad domes; 964 ± 46 ka and 907 ± 66 ka, respectively). Noteworthy, eruptions of magmas with distinct chemical compositions occurred within a restricted area, a few km from one another. These oldest lava domes of the CVDC form a NNE-SSW striking tectonic lineament along the Olt valley. Following a brief (ca. 100 kyr) hiatus, extrusion of high-K andesitic magma continued at Dealul Mare (842 ± 53 ka). After another ca. 200 kyr period of quiescence two high-K dacitic lava domes extruded (Puturosul: 642 ± 44 ka and Balvanyos: 583 ± 30 ka). The Turnul Apor lava extrusion occurred after a ca. 200 kyr repose time (at 344 ± 33 ka), whereas formation of the Haramul Mic lava dome (154 ± 16 ka) represents the onset of the development of the prominent Ciomadul volcano. The accurate determination of eruption dates shows that the

Dense Ocean Floor Network for Earthquakes and Tsunamis; DONET/ DONET2, Part2 -Development and data application for the mega thrust earthquakes around the Nankai trough-

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Kaneda, Y.; Kawaguchi, K.; Araki, E.; Matsumoto, H.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, M.; Kamiya, S.; Ariyoshi, K.; Baba, T.; Ohori, M.; Hori, T.; Takahashi, N.; Kaneko, S.; Donet Research; Development Group

2010-12-01

Yoshiyuki Kaneda Katsuyoshi Kawaguchi*, Eiichiro Araki*, Shou Kaneko*, Hiroyuki Matsumoto*, Takeshi Nakamura*, Masaru Nakano*, Shinichirou Kamiya*, Keisuke Ariyoshi*, Toshitaka Baba*, Michihiro Ohori*, Narumi Takakahashi*, and Takane Hori** * Earthquake and Tsunami Research Project for Disaster Prevention, Leading Project , Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) **Institute for Research on Earth Evolution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) DONET (Dense Ocean Floor Network for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) is the real time monitoring system of the Tonankai seismogenic zones around the Nankai trough southwestern Japan. We were starting to develop DONET to perform real time monitoring of crustal activities over there and the advanced early warning system. DONET will provide important and useful data to understand the Nankai trough maga thrust earthquake seismogenic zones and to improve the accuracy of the earthquake recurrence cycle simulation. Details of DONET concept are as follows. 1) Redundancy, Extendable function and advanced maintenance system using the looped cable system, junction boxes and the ROV/AUV. DONET has 20 observatories and incorporated in a double land stations concept. Also, we are developed ROV for the 10km cable extensions and heavy weight operations. 2) Multi kinds of sensors to observe broad band phenomena such as long period tremors, very low frequency earthquakes and strong motions of mega thrust earthquakes over M8: Therefore, sensors such as a broadband seismometer, an accelerometer, a hydrophone, a precise pressure gauge, a differential pressure gauge and a thermometer are equipped with each observatory in DONET. 3) For speedy detections, evaluations and notifications of earthquakes and tsunamis: DONET system will be deployed around the Tonankai seismogenic zone. 4) Provide data of ocean floor crustal deformations derived from pressure sensors: Simultaneously, the development of data

Inter-rater and intrarater reliability of the South African Triage Scale in low-resource settings of Haiti and Afghanistan.

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Dalwai, Mohammed; Tayler-Smith, Katie; Twomey, Michèle; Nasim, Masood; Popal, Abdul Qayum; Haqdost, Waliul Haq; Gayraud, Olivia; Cheréstal, Sophia; Wallis, Lee; Valles, Pola

2018-03-16

The South African Triage Scale (SATS) has demonstrated good validity in the EDs of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)-supported sites in Afghanistan and Haiti; however, corresponding reliability in these settings has not yet been reported on. This study set out to assess the inter-rater and intrarater reliability of the SATS in four MSF-supported EDs in Afghanistan and Haiti (two trauma-only EDs and two mixed (including both medical and trauma cases) EDs). Under classroom conditions between December 2013 and February 2014, ED nurses at each site assigned triage ratings to a set of context-specific vignettes (written case reports of ED patients). Inter-rater reliability was assessed by comparing triage ratings among nurses; intrarater reliability was assessed by asking the nurses to retriage 10 random vignettes from the original set and comparing these duplicate ratings. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using the unweighted kappa, linearly weighted kappa and quadratically weighted kappa (QWK) statistics, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Intrarater reliability was calculated according to the percentage of exact agreement and the percentage of agreement allowing for one level of discrepancy in triage ratings. The correlation between years of nursing experience and reliability of the SATS was assessed based on comparison of ICCs and the respective 95% CIs. A total of 67 nurses agreed to participate in the study: In Afghanistan there were 19 nurses from Kunduz Trauma Centre and nine from Ahmed Shah Baba; in Haiti, there were 20 nurses from Martissant Emergency Centre and 19 from Tabarre Surgical and Trauma Centre. Inter-rater agreement was moderate across all sites (ICC range: 0.50-0.60; QWK range: 0.50-0.59) apart from the trauma ED in Haiti where it was moderate to substantial (ICC: 0.58; QWK: 0.61). Intrarater agreement was similar across the four sites (68%-74% exact agreement); when allowing for a one-level discrepancy in triage ratings

THE RATE OF LIBRARY USE BY PRE-SERVICE TURKISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ KÜTÜPHANELERİ KULLANMA DURUMLARI

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Abdullah ŞAHİN

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to evaluate the extent and the use of libraries by pre-service Turkish language teachers according to some variables (gender, classroom, parents’ occupation, level of achievement.The universe of the study consists of 120 pre-service teachers whose 61 are male and 59 female studying in different classes at Turkish Teaching departments, Kazım Karabekir School of Education, Atatürk University in 2009-2010 school term.The research has been done by descriptive scanning model. In the study, to be able to determine the extent of use of libraries by pre-service Turkish language teachers, Using Library Sources Questionnaire (ULSQ has been invented by looking through the relevant literature. The data collected from ULSQ have been analyzed by frequency, percentage and Anova in SPSS 11.5 program.As a result of the study, it is found out that the pre-service teachers give importance to libraries and their use of libraries varies in terms of gender, classroom, parents’ occupation and the level of achievement. Bu çalışmada Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının kütüphaneleri kullanma durumlarının tespit edilmesi ve çeşitli değişkenlere (Cinsiyet, Sınıf, Anne-Baba Mesleği, Başarı Durumu göre değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2009–2010 akademik yılında, Atatürk Üniversitesi Kâzım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Eğitimi Bölümünde öğrenim gören 61’i erkek, 59’u kız olmak üzere 120 öğretmen adayı oluşturmuştur. Bu araştırma, betimsel tarama modelinde yapılmıştır. Çalışmada adayların kütüphaneleri kullanma durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla ilgili literatür taranarak “Kütüphaneleri Kullanma Anketi (KKA” geliştirilmiştir. Veriler, SPSS 11.5 paket programı aracılığıyla frekans, yüzde ve Anova istatistik teknikleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.Araştırma sonucunda, adayların kütüphanelere önem verdikleri ve k

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico em CLAE-UV para a quantificação de ácido retinóico em microcápsulas de alginato e quitosana

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Fabiana Toledo Velloso

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O ácido retinóico (AR tem sido utilizado para o tratamento de acne severa, rugas, estrias e celulite, no entanto, provoca irritação na pele e sofre rápida degradação quando exposto à luz e ao calor. Métodos analíticos rápidos para quantificação do AR são, portanto, necessários para ensaios de cinética de liberação in vitro. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar um método rápido e sensível para o doseamento do AR em microcápsulas de alginato/quitosana contendo óleo de babaçu dispersas em gel natrosol® por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência associada à espectroscopia UV e aplicá-lo na avaliação do perfil de liberação in vitro dessas formulações. As análises foram realizadas em modo isocrático utilizando coluna C18 de fase reversa 150 x 4,6 mm (5 μm com detecção a 350 nm. A fase móvel foi constituída de metanol e ácido acético 1% (85:15 v/v com vazão de 1,8 mL/minuto. A faixa de linearidade do método foi de 0,5 a 60 μg/mL (r² = 0,999. O método validado mostrou-se sensível, específico, exato, preciso, de baixo custo e o tempo de retenção do AR foi de 5,8 ± 0,4 minutos sendo, desta forma, mais rápido do que os relatados na literatura.Retinoic acid (RA has been used in the treatment of severe acne, wrinkles and cellulite. However, it induces skin irritation and rapidly suffers degradation under light and high temperate exposure. Rapid analytical methods to quantify retinoic acid are therefore mandatory for in vitro drug release studies. In this framework, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a rapid and responsive method to quantify the RA in microcapsules of chitosan and alginate containing babassu oil dispersed in natrosol® hydrogel using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC. Furthermore this method was used to quantify in vitro release kinetics of RA from microcapsules. The analyses have been carried through an isocratic HPLC-UV method

Investigation of Maths Oriented Academic Risk-Taking Behaviours of Secondary School Students by Some Variables [Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Matematik Odaklı Akademik Risk Alma Davranışlarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi

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Esat Avcı

2016-08-01

Full Text Available In this study, secondary school students' academic risk-taking behaviours have been investigated to understand whether they vary according to some variables or not. These variables are: Gender, grade level, town, type of school, parents education level, economic status of the family, the previous year's maths scores. Survey method was used in the study. The population is students who are studying in secondary schools located in Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir provinces of Mersin, in the 2014 - 2015 academic year. The research sample is 1054 students who are studying at 14 of these schools. “Mathematics-oriented academic risk taking behaviors scale” was used for data collection. Data for the analysis of independent samples t-test and ANOVA were used. There is no significant variance between maths-oriented academic risk-taking behaviours of students based on variables such as gender, town, school type and economic status of the family whereas there is meaningful variance based on variables such as grade level, level of parents education and last year's mathematics score. [Bu araştırmada ortaokul öğrencilerinin akademik risk alma davranışlarının bazı değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmıştır. Bu değişkenler şunlardır: Cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, ilçe, okul türü, anne ve baba eğitim düzeyi, ailelerin ekonomik durumu, bir önceki seneki matematik puanları. Çalışmada tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma evreni, 2014 – 2015 eğitim öğretim yılında Mersin ili Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar ve Yenişehir ilçelerinde bulunan ortaokullarda okumakta olan öğrencilerdir. Araştırma örneklemi ise bu okullardan 14 tanesinde okumakta olan 1054 öğrencidir. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Matematik Odaklı Akademik Risk Alma Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için bağımsız örneklem t testi ve ANOVA uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerin matematik odakl

Prevalência de respiradores bucais em crianças de idade escolar Prevalence of mouth breathing in children from an elementary school

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Josiane Marques Felcar

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Pretende-se identificar a prevalência de respiradores bucais em crianças de uma escola do ensino fundamental. Foram aplicados 496 questionários aos pais ou responsáveis das crianças de 1ª à 4ª série de uma escola fundamental, para identificar respiradores bucais. O questionário incluía questões sobre hábitos, sono, comportamento, alimentação, cuidados pessoais e respiração. Para comparar as variáveis entre respiradores bucais e nasais, foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney e qui-quadrado. Para medir o efeito da exposição das variáveis explicativas sobre o desfecho primário, foi utilizada regressão logística e sua magnitude foi calculada por meio do odds ratio. A significância estatística foi estipulada em 5%. A taxa de devolução dos questionários foi de 84,5%. A prevalência de respiração bucal nessa população foi 56,8%. A mediana de idade foi sete anos (6-9. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os gêneros, 49,1% masculino e 50,9% feminino. O modelo final de regressão logística identificou as variáveis baba, dorme bem (associação negativa e ronca como fatores que predizem a ocorrência da respiração bucal. A prevalência de respiradores bucais foi semelhante à encontrada na literatura pesquisada. As variáveis babar, roncar e dormir bem (associação negativa podem predizer a ocorrência da respiração bucal.The objective of this article is to identify the prevalence of mouth breathing in children from an elementary school. 496 questionnaires were answered by 1st and 4th grade children's parents or sponsors in order to identify mouth-breathing. There were questions about habits, sleeping, behavior, eating, personal care and breathing. Mann-Whitney and the Chi-square tests were used to compare the variables between mouth-breathing and nose-breathing among the groups. To measure the exposure effect of the explanatory variables on mouse breathing, the test of logistic regression was

Hatay İlinde Meyve Fidanı Üreten İşletmelerin Yapısı, Sorunları ve Çözüm Önerileri

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Nuran Tapkı

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Hatay İlinde meyve fidancılığı sektörünün yapısı ve sorunları ortaya konulmuş, çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. Bu çalışma, 92 meyve fidancılığı işletmesinde tam sayım yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. İşletmelerde aile nüfusunun %51,15’ini ilkokul mezunları oluştururken, üniversite mezunlarının oranı %8,62 düzeyinde kalmıştır. İşletmelerde ziraat mühendisi istihdam etme oranı %2,18’dir. İşletmecilerin %64,05’i fidancılığı baba mesleği olarak yaparken, %3,37’si fidancılık eğitimi alarak bu mesleğe başlamışlardır. İşletmelerde potansiyel aile işgücü ortalama 4,22 Erkek İşgücü Birimidir (EİB. Aile işgücünün %50,71’i aktif durumdadır. İşletmelerde kullanılan toplam Erkek İşgücünün (EİG %88,48’i fidan üretiminde, %5,32’si diğer tarım faaliyetlerinde ve %5,22’si ise tarım dışı işlerde değerlendirilmektedir. İşletmelerin ortalama toplam arazi genişliği 25,74 dekar olup, bunun 12 dekarını fidan üretim arazisi oluşturmuştur. Fidan arazilerinin %74,58’i mülk, %25,42’si de kira durumdadır. İşletmelerin ortalama işletme sermayeleri ise 229.308 TL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bölgede işletmelerin en fazla karşılaştıkları sorunlar ise; girdi fiyatları yüksekliği, birliğe üyelik için bürokratik işlemlerin çok olması, destek miktarının yetersiz olması, kalifiye eleman bulmada karşılaşılan zorluklar ile bölgede görülen hastalıklardır. Sonuç olarak, meyve fidanı üretim kapasitenin arttırılması önerilmektedir. Araştırma sonuçları, işletmelerin fidan üretim kapasitelerini artırmaları ve sorunların çözümün kolaylaştırmak için bir organizasyon altında birleşmeleri gerektiğini göstermektedir.

PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN DYNAMIC INVENTORY DENGAN MEMPERTIMBANGKAN KETIDAKPASTIAN PERMINTAAN, YIELD, DAN LEADTIME

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Sri Hartini

2012-01-01

Inventory, Dynamic Inventory     Abstract    Inventory management is one of serious problem faced by companies. PT Garuda Putra – Putri Jaya (PT GPPJ Pati is company which produce snack, like coated peanuts, soybean snack, and pillus. With a purpose to support production’s fluency which is afected in consumer demand fulfillment’ fluency, then PT GPPJ Pati management try to assure the availability of roll pack material. But, the failure in inventory management causing overstock in inventory of roll pack material which showed in high value of Days of Inventory (DOI. Based from preliminary research for knowing factors that affected to higher value of DOI, was concluded that the higher value of DOI caused by determination of order quantity that only consider farecast of roll pack material’s need, quantity of safety stock, and outstanding inventory in warehouse without calcuation process and still using intuition and experience of worker. Based form preliminary research, this research try to compared inventory control policy used by company (current policy, and  ( inventory model based form forecasting with uncertainty demand, yield, and lead time which developed by Mohammed Zied Babai [Baba06]. Study of policy comparison was done with implementation of spreadsheet simulation with two policy scenario. From this simulation and policy analysis, was concluded that scenario 2 is best inventory control policy because deliver smallest DOI value, i.e. 36.02 days, and lowest inventory cost, i.e. Rp 5,775,116.41. Key words : Uncertainty Lead Time, Uncertainty Demand, Uncertainty Yield, Days of Inventory, Dynamic Inventory

Was the Sun especially active at the end of the late glacial epoch?

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Alekseeva, Liliya

In their pioneering work, the geophysicists A. Brekke and A. Egeland (1983) collected beliefs of different peoples, associated with northern lights. Our analyses of this collection show that these beliefs are mainly related to the mythological idea of ``abnormal'' deads (dead, childless old maids in Finnish beliefs; killed people; spirits dangerous to children). We find similar motifs in Slavic fairy tales about the ``Thrice-Nine Land,'' regarded as the other world in folkloric studies (in the Land where mobile and agitated warlike girls live, whose Head Girl is characterized by the words ``white snow, pretty light, the prettiest in the World,'' but whose name ``Mariya Morevna'' refers to the word ``mort''; where a river flows with its banks covered by human bones; where the witch Baba-Yaga dwells, being extremely dangerous for children). Moreover, it can be noted that similar narrative fabulous myths deal with the concept of auroral oval northern lights, since some specific features of the natural auroral forms are mentioned there, with their particular spatial orientations (to the North or West). This resembles the manner in which Ancient Greek myths describe the real properties of the heavenly phenomena in a mythological language. It is interesting that myths on the high-latitude northern lights spread even to the South of Europe (and, might be, to India and Iran). This fact can be understood in view of the following. It has been established that, during the late glacial epoch, the environmental and cultural conditions were similar over the area from Pyrenean to the Ural Mountains; the pattern of hunters' settlements outlined the glacial sheet from the outside. Relics of the hunters' beliefs can now be found in Arctic, where the environment and lifestyle remain nearly unchanged. The ethnographer Yu.B. Simchenko (1976) has reconstructed the most archaic Arctic myths. According to them, the World of dead is associated with the world of ice governed by the ``Ice

Comparative Study on the Electrical Properties of the Oceanic Mantle Beneath the Northwest Pacific Ocean

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Toh, H.

2013-12-01

responses as well. It, however, should be also noted here that the penetration depth beneath Site WPB is significantly smaller than that beneath Site NWP because the solar activity has been very low since 2006. References Ichiki, M., K. Baba, H. Toh and K. Fuji-ta, An overview of electrical conductivity structures of the crust and upper mantle beneath the northwestern Pacific, the Japanese Islands, and continental East Asia, Gondwana Research, 16, 545?562, doi:10.1016/j.gr.2009.04.007, 2009. Salisbury MH et al (2006) 2. Leg 195 Synthesis: Site 1201?A geological and geophysical section in the West Philippine Basin from the 660-km discontinuity to the mudline. Proc. Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Reports 195:27. Shipboard Scientific Party of ODP Leg 191 (2000) Northwest Pacific seismic observatory and hammer drill tests, Proc. Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports 191. Toh, H., Y. Hamano and M. Ichiki, Long-term seafloor geomagnetic station in the northwest Pacific: A possible candidate for a seafloor geomagnetic observatory, Earth Planets Space, 58, 697-705, 2006. Toh, H., Y. Hamano, M. Ichiki and H. Utada, Geomagnetic observatory operates at the seafloor in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 85, 467/473, DOI: 10.1029/2004EO450003, 2004.

Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Sarcheshmeh and Sanganeh formations at Qaleh Jegh and Yazdan Abad sections (West of Kopet-Dagh Basin

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Azam Gholami Fard

2017-03-01

Full Text Available 1-    Introduction Kopet Dagh Basin is located on the northeast of Iran, extending over Iran, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan with a west-northwest to east-southeast trend. The Iranian part of the basin is located between 61°14ˊ and 54°00ˊE and 38°15ˊ and 35°38ˊ N. It constitutes the second most important hydrocarbon province of Iran after Zagros Basin. Cretaceous sediments are well developed and extensively exposed in this basin. In order to study the Biostratigraphy of Sarcheshme and Sanganeh Formations, the calcareous nannofossil assemblages have been investigated in two stratigraphic sections. Shokri (2000, Hadavi and Shokri (2000, Hadavi and Bodaghi (2000 & 2009, Dehghan (2002, Mahanipour et al. (2011a,b & 2012 and Mahanipour and Kani (2015 studied the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Sarcheshme or Sanganeh Formation.   2-    Material & Methods The studied sections, the Qaleh Jegh section (located at a distance of 35 km to the northeast of Bojnord, on the Baba Boland mountain; N37°47ˊ57˝ and E57°16ˊ53˝ and Yazdan Abad section (located at north of Yazdan Abad village; N37°55ˊ34˝ and E57°35ˊ10˝. Sarcheshmeh Formation conformably overlies the Tirgan Formation and is in turn overlain by the Sanganeh Formation in both sections and Atamir Formation conformably overlies the Sanganeh Formation. Sarcheshmeh Formation measures 2660 m in Qaleh Jegh section and comprises argillaceous limestone (with limestone intercalations in lower part and shale (with limestone intercalation in upper part. A  fossiliferous limestone separates the Sarcheshmeh and Sanganeh. Sanganeh Formation measures 1400 m and consists of siltstones (with sandstone, shale or limestone intercalation in lower part and shale containing chert nodules (with siltstone intercalation in upper part. At Yazadn Abad section the 655 m thick succession of Sarcheshmeh Formation consists of alternating argillaceous limestone and limestone in lower part and

The use of oxygen-14 in the study of positron polarization in a Fermi-type transition; Emploi de l'oxygene-14 pour l'etude de la polarisation des positions dans une transition du type Fermi; Ispol'zovanie kisloroda-14 dlya issledovaniya polyarizatsii pozitronov v prevrashcheniyakh tipa Fermi; Empleo del oxigeno-14 en el estudio de la polarizacion de los positrones en una transicion de tipo Fermi

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Schmidt, F H; Gerhart, J B; Hopkins, J C; Bichsel, H; Stroth, J [University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

1962-01-15

, prokhodit cherez chetnoe sostoyanie, perekhodit k drugomu nulevomu spinu i prevrashchaetsya v N{sup 14} v vozbuzhdennom chetnom sostoyanii. Poehtomu raspad proiskhodit tochno po tipu Fermi. Kislorod O{sup 14} byl poluchen reaktsiej N{sup 14} (p, n) O{sup 14} v 60-dyujmovom tsiklotrone Vashingtonskogo universiteta s postoyannym potokom azota N{sub 2}. K N{sub 2} byl dobavlen nositel' O{sub 2} v gazoobraznom vide. Posle aktivizatsii gaz propuskalsya cherez sootvetstvuyushchie fil'try dlya udaleniya nezhelatel'noj aktivnosti i dlya obespecheniya soedineniya kisloroda s vodorodom. Aktivizirovannye vodyanye pary zakhvatyvalis' pri temperature zhidkogo azota N{sub 2} i ulavlivalis' na mednuyu palochku dlya obrazovaniya sil'nogo (okolo 10 millikyuri) postoyannogo istochnika 72-sekundnogo kisloroda O14. Obrazuyushchiesya pri raspade pozitrony analizirovalis' s tochki zreniya ikh ehnergii v nebol'shom magnitnom spektrometre. Dva metoda byli ispol'zovany dlya izucheniya prodol'noj polyarizatsii vykhodyashchikh iz spektrometra pozitronov. V pervom iz nikh pozitrony popadali v plasticheskij stsintillyator, gde nekotorye iz nikh unichtozhalis' na letu. Annigiliruyushchijsya kvant bolee vysokikh ehnergij polyariziruetsya vrashchatel'no v tom zhe samom napravlenii, chto i pervonachal'nye pozitrony. EHti gamma-luchi rasseivalis' iz namagnichennogo zheleza po Komptonu i podschityvalis' pri pomoshchi stsintillyatsionnogo schetchika s Nal(T). Assimetrichnost' poperechnogo secheniya rasseivaniya v zavisimosti ot napravleniya namagnichivaniya svyazana s pervonachal'noj stepen'yu polyarizatsii pozitronov. Vo vtorom metode pozitrony sosredotochenno napravlyalis' na namagnichennuyu zheleznuyu fol'gu. Poperechnoe sechenie rasseivaniya pozitronov-ehlektronov ili rasseivaniya Baba zavisit ot napravleniya namagnichivaniya zheleznoj fol'gi po otnosheniyu k polyarizatsii pozitronov. Rasseyannye ehlektrony i pozitrony obnaruzhivalis' pri pomoshchi plasticheskikh stsintillyatsionnykh schetchikov

EDITORIAL: Outgoing Editor-in-Chief Outgoing Editor-in-Chief

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Hauptmann, Peter

2012-01-01

biological, medical and life science applications or sensors and sensing systems. Selected papers or special features in recent issues of MST attest to this development [1-3]. In parallel with these new fields, board members have always kept their eye on the other journal topics. Many papers published in MST have been downloaded very often and highly cited. This shows the acceptance and reputation of MST. Thanks to the activity of all board members over the last ten years MST has published a number of excellent review articles. This has strengthened the prestige of MST. A new series of articles was introduced under the banner of 'Perspectives' in 2008. They highlight milestones in a selected field and indicate some future challenges from the point of view of the author [4]. In summary, it can be stated that MST is on a good path. This was created thanks to the activity of all members of the Editorial Board. In recent years we have enlarged this board with well known scientists from universities and industry from all over the world. This will ensure a continuously positive development of MST. As outgoing Editor-in-Chief, I can say that I have found my task fascinating and I have enjoyed it very much. I have learned a lot in this time because I have come into close contact with a large number of scientists from a vast spectrum of technical areas and parts of our world. My special gratitude is dedicated to all the Editorial Board members of the last ten years and especially to Sharon D'Souza from IOPP. Furthermore, I would like to pass on to my successor, Professor David Birch from University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, my best wishes for an enjoyable and successful tenure as Editor-in-Chief! References [1] Tanaka M, Baba T and Postek M T 2011 Nanometrology Meas. Sci. Technol. 22 020101 [2] Potyrailo R A et al 2011 RFID sensors as the common sensing platform for single-use biopharmaceutical manufacturing Meas. Sci. Technol. 22 082001 [3] Fritze H 2011 High-temperature bulk

Breastfeeding: Mothers and health practitioners in the context of private medical care in Gauteng

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Diana du Plessis

2009-06-01

ongeveer die eerste ses weke tot een jaar uitsluitlik moet borsvoed, word gevind dat 'n groot aantal Suid-Afrikaanse vroue hul babas nie borsvoed nie, of slegs vir 'n kort tydperk borsvoed. Geen nasionale Suid-Afrikaanse statistiek is beskikbaar nie, maar 64% van moeders wat 'n babakliniek besoek het op die Wes Rand in Gauteng borsvoed steeds op ses weke, waarna die aantal borsvoedende moeders verminder tot minder as 20% op drie maande (Truter 2007. Verskeie studies het die houding van gesondheidspersoneel ten opsigte van borsvoeding bepaal, maar min is bekend oor die tipe inligting wat deur die mediese praktisyn aangebied word. Hierdie praktisyn het eerstehandse kontak met die kliente en mag inligting aanbied wat borsvoeding kan bevorder of belemmer. Die volgende vraag is dus geformuleer: Met betrekking tot borsvoeding, wat is die beperkinge in privaat praktyk? Die doel van hierdie studie was om vas te stel watter borsvoedinginligting deur gesondheidspersoneel in privaatpraktyk aan swanger vroue oorgedra word. Die doelwitte van die studie was om die aanbevelings om te borsvoed te bepaal, om die behandeling en sorg in die spreekkamer van die geneesheer te beraam, en om die vroue se belewenisse van borsvoeding in privaat hospitale te ondersoek. In Fase 1 van die studie het die populasie bestaan uit alle moeders wat 'n ondersteuningsgroep by 'n privaat nageboortekliniek bygewoon het. In Fase 2 was die populasie alle moeders wat 'n ondersteuningsgroep bygewoon het en 'n babakliniek besoek het. Die steekproef het bestaan uit alle primigravidae wat borsvoed of probeer het om te borsvoed gedurende die eerste ses weke. Doelgerigte gerieflikheidssteekproefneming, soos beskryf deur Babbie and Mouton (2002:166, is in albei fases van die studie gebruik. Alle deelnemers het 'n ginekoloog as primêre sorggewer gebruik en het in verskillende Johannesburgse hospitale gekraam. Data is deur middel van anonieme vraelyste, saamgestel uit nasionale en internasionale literatuur, ingesamel

Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmeni Adaylarının Öğretmenlik Mesleğine İlişkin Öz-Yeterlik İnançlarının İncelenmesi Investigate Of Teacher’s Self Efficacy Beliefs Of Physical Education And Sport Teacher Canditate’s

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Makbule BAŞBAY

2013-09-01

teaching profession and the attitude towards theprofession. Öğretmen öz-yeterlik inancı öğretmenlerin mesleki başarısını önemli ölçüde etkileyen etmenler arasındadır. Öğretmen öz-yeterliği beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri için de en az diğer alanlar kadar önemlidir çünkü genel eğitimin tamamlayıcısı ve ayrılmaz bir parçası olan beden eğitimi aynı zamanda kişiliğin de eğitimidir. Bir öğretmenin sahip olduğu yeterliklerin oluşturulmasında en belirleyici rolü öğretmenin hizmet öncesi eğitimi oynamaktadır. Bu araştırmayla, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adaylarının öz-yeterlik inanç düzeylerini bazı değişkenlere göre incelemek ve öğretmen öz-yeterlik inançlarıyla öğretmenlik mesleğine ilişkin tutumlar arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, farklı coğrafi bölgelerden 10 devlet üniversitesinde, 1. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören toplam 558 beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adayı oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmen adaylarına kişisel bilgi formu, öğretmenlik mesleğine ilişkin öz-yeterlik ölçeği ve öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik tutum ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Bulgulara göre, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adaylarının öz-yeterlik inançlarının “oldukça yeterli” düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyete, sınıf düzeyine, anne eğitim düzeyine, spor branşının türüne göre öğretmen adaylarının öz-yeterlik inançlarının farklılaşmadığı, ancak bölümü isteyerek seçme, baba eğitim düzeyi, düzenli spor yapma durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlik mesleğine ilişkin öz-yeterlik inancıyla, mesleğe ilişkin tutum arasında ise orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür.

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Spor İle İlgili Görüşleri

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Gonca İnce

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışma, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB olan çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin, OSB’de alternatif bir tedavi olarak spora bakış açılarının değerlendirilmesi ve bu çocukların yaşadıkları problemlere sporun etki derecelerinin tespiti amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya, farklı özel eğitim merkezlerine devam eden OSB olan öğrencinin ebeveyni (41 kişi, 24 anne ve 17 baba gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Bu çalışma, betimsel nicel bir çalışmadır. Veriler, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanmış 33 soruluk bir anket ile toplanmıştır. Anket soruları; ankete katılan ebeveyn çocuklarının demografik özelliklerini, spor eğitimi ile ilgili bilgileri ve otizmli çocuklarının aldıkları spor eğitiminin, yaşadıkları problemlereetki derecelerini sorgulamaktadır. Sorular hazırlandıktan sonra, alanla ilgili uzman kişiler tarafından gözden geçirilmesi sağlanmış olup, düzeltmeleri yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde SPSS 11,5 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Ankette belirtilen otizmli çocukların (31 erkek, 10 kız yaş ortalamaları (10.17±4.99 yıl, vücut ağırlığı ortalamaları (42.55±20.93 kg, boy ortalamaları (138,27±30,77 cm, olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ankete katılan 41 ebeveynden, %51,2’sinin çocuklarına spor eğitimi yaptırdıkları görülmüştür. Bu çocukların yaşadıkları problemlere ve sporun etkilerine bakıldığında sporun en fazla iletişim (%66,7 ve dil gelişimi (%52,4 becerilerine katkılarının çok olduğu belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca ankete katılanların %65,9’u ise, çocuklarının eğitim aldıkları özel eğitim merkezlerinde spor eğitmenlerinin olmadığını bildirmiştir. Sonuç olarak, OSB olan bireylerin yaşadıkları problemlere, sporun katkıları göz önüne alınarak, özellikle özel eğitim merkezlerinde spor eğitmenlerinin çalıştırılması ve bu merkezlerde spor tesislerinin yeterli düzeye getirilmesi gerekmektedir. This

Türkçe Sözlükteki Akrabalık Adlarının Tasnifi Classification Of Relatives’ Names In Turkish Dictionaries

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Selim EMİROĞLU

2012-12-01

�rk kültüründe yakın ilişkilere verilen önemi de göstermektedir. Türk toplumu, gelişmiş ve güçlü akrabalık ilişkilerinin olduğu bir toplumdur. Bu ilişkiler sayesinde dayanışma, hoşgörü, beraberlik ve sorunların paylaşımı hedeflenir. Akrabalık bağı, kan hısımlığı dışında evlilik, evlat edinme ve diğer ilişki biçimleriyle genişletilir. Türkçede akrabalık adları ile ilgili pek çok yayın ve araştırma bulunmaktadır. Bu yayınlara eksikliğini tespit ettiğimiz bir çalışmayla, Güncel Türkçe Sözlüğü tarayarak ve bir tasnif sunarak katkı sağlamak istedik. Bu çalışmada, Türk Dil Kurumunun 2012 yılında geliştirip zenginleştirerek kitap biçimiyle 11. basımını yaptığı Türkçe Sözlüğüyle ağ ortamındaki Güncel Türkçe Sözlüğü birlikte incelenmiştir. Tarama modelinin uygulandığı çalışmada bulunan isimler sınıflandırılarak çeşitli alt başlıklarla ortaya konulmuştur. Sözlükte 150 kadar akrabalık ismi bulunmuştur. Bu sözcükler; eş anlamlılık, yaşa bağlı büyüklük-küçüklük, cinsiyet, akrabaların birbirine yakınlık dereceleri, öz-üvey olma durumu, kültürel yakınlaşma ve geleneklere göre, kadına ve erkeğe göre, baba, anne ve kardeşler tarafından oluşmasına göre, medeni duruma göre, birden fazla akrabalık adını karşılama durumuna göre, çokluk ve teklik anlamıyla kullanımına göre, yapısına göre ve Türkçe, yabancı, karışık olma durumuna göre sınıflandırılmıştır.

İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin İletişim Becerilerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi Investigation of Primary School Students

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Kadir KARATEKİN

2012-09-01

. Bu sosyal becerilerden birisi de iletişim becerisidir. Daha küçük yaşlardan itibaren verilecek beceri eğitimi ile öğrencilerimize iletişim becerileri kazandırarak içinde yaşadığı toplumda mutlu, üretken ve etkili bir insan olmasını sağlayabiliriz. Bunun için öğrencilerimizin iletişim becerileri üzerinde etkili olabilecek faktörlerin bilinmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı da ilköğretim öğrencilerinin iletişim becerileri üzerinde etkili olan faktörleri ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Ersanlı ve Balcı (1998 tarafından geliştirilen “İletişim Becerileri Envanteri" Ankara ve Kırşehir'de bulunan iki ilköğretim okulunun 6., 7. ve 8. sınıflarında öğrenim gören 373 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 15 istatistik programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; betimsel istatistik, ilişkisiz örneklemler için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ilköğretim öğrencilerinin iletişim becerileri üzerinde öğrencilerin yaşadıkları ilin, cinsiyetin, okul öncesi eğitimin, anne-baba eğitim durumunun ve sınıf düzeyinin etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğrencilerin, Türkçe dersinden aldıkları not, okudukları kitap sayısı, günlük kitap okuma süreleri arttıkça iletişim becerileri artarken günlük televizyon izleme ve bilgisayar kullanma süreleri arttıkça iletişim becerileri azalmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda öğretmenlerin derslerdeöğrencilerin kendilerini daha iyi ifade edebilecekleri ortamları oluşturmaları, öğrencilerin daha fazla kitap okuması için teşvik edilmesi, çocukların okul öncesi eğitime mümkün olduğunca erken başlatılması ve ebeveynlerin çocuklarının TV ve bilgisayar başında çok fazla zaman geçirmelerine izin verilmemeleri önerilmiştir.

“Lisân-I Osmânî” Üzerine Bir İnceleme A Surveying of Book Called Lisân-ı Osmânî

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Onur AKBAŞ

2013-03-01

Dadım Darılır (Mama, Nanny will Scold, comedy, serial, 1919STUDY-MONOGRAPHY: Lisan-ı Osmanî (The Ottoman Language, 1914, Lisan-ı Edebiyat (The Language of Literature, 1914, Recaizade Ekrem (Recaizade Ekrem, 1924, Mesalik-i Edebiye (Ways of Literature, 1928, Namık Kemal (Namık Kemal, 1930, Lisanımız (Our Language, 1930.2Also we are going to investigate (research his book called “Lisân-I Osmânî” on our this study. Tanzimat’ın birinci dönemi, edebi türlerde sureta eskiye bağlı kalmakla beraber içerik itibariyle yeni temlerin ele alındığı bir edebiyattı. Dilde sadeleşmeyi ve sanatı toplumun ve ideolojinin emrine vermeyi gaye edinen birinci dönem edebiyatının üç saç ayağından biri elbet de Namık Kemal’dir. Ancak yenileşme süreci bu anlayış üzerine devam etmeyecek birinci dönem Tanzimatçılarının tezgahından geçen ikinci dönem Tanzimatçıları “Güzel olan her şey sanatın konusu olabilir…” (R. Mahmut Ekrem düşüncesiyle sanatı ön plana çıkardılar. İşte o anlayışın yetiştirdiği isimlerden biri de Namık Kemal’in oğlu Ali Ekrem Bolayır’dı. Sadeleşme karşısında aruzun ve Osmanlıca’nın önemli savunucularından olan Bolayır, babasının yenilik adına dokunmadığı şiirin şeklini savunmasıyla tanınan bir şairdir. 1867’de İstanbul’da doğdu. Namık Kemal’in oğludur. İlköğrenimine Hûbyâr mahalle mektebinde başladı. Fatih Askeri Rüştiyesi’ne bir müddet devam ettikten sonra oradan alınarak özel hocalar yardımıyla eğitimini tamamlamış Arapça, farsça ve Fransızca dersleri almış, dokuz-on yaşlarında şiirle uğraşmaya başlamıştır. Padişahın delaletiyle saraya mabeyn katibi olan Ali Ekrem, Mabeyn’de on sekiz yıl çalışmıştır.1906 yılında Kudüs Mutasarrıflığı’na gönderildi. İkinci Meşrutiyet’in ilanından sonra Beyrut Valiliği’ne terfi ettirilmişse de üç gün sonra bu görevinden istifa ederek İstanbul’a d

[Tuberculosis care and new horizon of Japanese society].

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Ishikawa, Nobukatsu; Nagayama, Naohiro

2012-04-01

disease', 'appropriate DOTS method for each patient', 'existence of side effects', or 'the relationship between treatment supporters'. Through working for the patients whose treatment management was difficult, we have learned that our attitude towards the patients is a most important first step to build a good relationship and mutual trust with the patients, and DOT is an important tool. For treatment supporters,'the patient-centered care', 'care by staying close to the patients' or 'cuddling the patient' s mind' is most necessary to lead the patients to cure. 5. Patient's view: Through DOTS, my life has been renewed: Kuniyoshi MAEDA (Himawari no kai; Ex-homeless TB patients self-help group). It is an unforgettable memory that I was hospitalized due to TB back in 2009. I was seriously ill with also diabetes mellitus. Because I had lost everything due to my friend's cheating, I could not trust anyone before the TB treatment. But I learned how to think of others through the daily communication with doctors, nurses, other staff at the hospital, and Public Health Center. They encouraged me every day and I came to desire to answer to their expectations. Public health nurses taught me that building the reliable relationship is so essential for humans, and I may not have realized this importance if I had not been treated for TB, or treated outside Shinjuku. I would rather say that I was lucky to have got TB, as I have become able to trust other people through DOTS TB care. DOTS is not only for medication, but also general health care and counseling. I hope that as many as poor people, especially homeless can have a similar experience by knowing more about TB and using a health service. I would like to cooperate with TB services if I can be useful. health: Toshio TAKATORIGE (Graduate School of Safety Science, Kansai University). Tuberculosis was ever the biggest health problem in Japan. Ministry of Health and Welfare and Public Health Centers were founded to push forward

Fıtrat Hadisi’nin Osmanlı'nın Devşirme Sisteminde Hayata Aksedişi 'The Hadith of Fitrah’ And How It Is Reflected On Life Ottoman’s Devshirme System

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Mustafa IŞIK

2013-07-01

-culture on thisevent with together ‘Devshirme’. ‘Her çocuk, fıtrat üzere doğar; sonra onu ana-babası Yahudileştirir, Hıristiyanlaştırır veya Mecusîleştirir’ hadisi, temel İslam bilimlerinde ‘fıtrat hadisi’ olarak bilinir. İslami literatürde, geçmişten günümüze, bu hadis hakkında çeşitli görüşler ortaya konmuştur. Fıtrat hadisinin, klasik hadis literatüründeki kaynakları ve hadis imamlarının bu hadise bakışları açısından daha çok ‘Çocuğun ölmesi halinde dinî ve hukukî durumunun ne olacağı?’ sorusu üzerinde durulmuştur. Ancak hadis bilginleri ve bazı interdisipliner İslam âlimleri, fıtrat’ın ‘insanlığın ortak dinî temeli’ olduğuna inanmaktadırlar. Bu görüşe bağlı olarak biz, fıtrat hadisi’nin Osmanlı’daki ‘devşirme’ hadisesiyle örtüştüğünü düşünüyoruz. Devşirme sisteminin, tarihi bir olgu olarak, Osmanlı’da gerçekleşen halini ele almak istiyoruz. Bu haliyle Osmanlı Devleti bu olguyu sistemleştirip kanun, tüzük ve yönetmeliği olan bir sistem haline koymadan önce dini yönünü hesaba kattığını; bu hadisteki ‘fıtrat gerçeği’nden hareket etmiş olabileceğini; güçlü kaslar ve çalışkan beyinler sayesinde özelde devletine genelde insanlığa hizmet ettiğini var sayıyoruz. O günün dünya devleti olan Osmanlı’dan bugünün dünya devleti ABD’ye baktığımızda, işleyiş ve yöntem farklı olsa da, birtakım paralellikler görmekteyiz. Farklı asırlarda, değişik coğrafyalarda, birbirine benzemeyen iki büyük medeniyetin ortaya koyduğu uygulamadaki benzerlik ve ulaştığı ortak nokta, eğitimin, başat belirleyici olduğu gerçeğidir. Bu makalenin amacı, sadece tarihî bir fenomeni dile getirmek değil; fıtratın anlamını, geçerliliğini bu tarihî olgudan hareketle yinelemektir. Makalemizde bu konuyu fıtrat yani insanın değişmeyen varlık yapısı ve eğitim-kültürün bu yapıya etkisini ‘devşirme’ olgusuyla

Emsâl ü Nesâyih-i Türkî ve Dil Özellikleri Üzerine The Emsâl ü Nesâyih-i Türkî and Its Language Properties

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Talip DOĞAN

2013-09-01

ıca, güçlü bir anlatıma ve kavram zenginliğine sahip olmaları yönüyle öne çıkan dil unsurlarındandır. Yerinde kullanıldığı zaman düşünceye büyük bir zenginlik katan atasözlerinde, dilin bütün imkânlarından istifade edildiği göze çarpmaktadır. Sözlü kültür ortamının ürünlerinden olan atasözleri, hayata dair her türlü hadiseyi, durumu birçok yönüyle ve renkliliğiyle aksettirir. Bundan dolayı atasözlerinde Türk milletinin ahlâk anlayışı, ortak değerleri, dini, zekâ parıltıları ve hayal gücü yer alır. Türk atasözleri, coğrafya, lehçe gibi farklılıkların ötesinde Türklüğün karakterini göstermekle birlikte aynı zamanda bir tarihî belge niteliğindedir. Türkçede atasözü, tarih boyunca sav, mesel ve darbımesel gibi kelimelerle karşılanmıştır. Bugün Azerbaycan Türklerinde atasözü yerine atalar sözü, ata baba sözleri, emsâl, emsâl-i Türkân gibi terimler kullanılmaktadır.Emåāl ü Neṣāyiḥ-i Türkì, Mìrzā ‘Elineḳì Merāġì tarafından İran Azerbaycanı’nın Meraga şehrinde 20. yüzyılın başlarında yazılmıştır. Müellif yazması olan eser, Talîk-Divanî kırması yazı ile yazılmıştır. Emåāl ü Neṣāyiḥ-i Türkì, otuz üç sayfadan ibaret olan atasözlerini ihtiva etmektedir. Atasözleri eserde, ağız özellikleri korunarak kaydedilmiş olup Arap alfabesinin harf sırasına göre dizilmiştir.Bu çalışmada, Emåāl ü Neṣāyiḥ-i Türkì’de yer alan atasözlerinin yazım, ses ve şekil özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Dil özellikleri aynı zamanda tarihî lehçeler ve Oğuz grubu ağızlarıyla mukayese edilmiştir.

Sözlü Kültürden Yazılı Kültüre Bir Metin Aktarımı Örneği: Muğla’dan Derlenmiş Bir Efsane ile Kurumuş Ağaçlar Hikâyesinin Mukayeseli İncelemesi An Example Transferring Text From Oral To Written Culture: A Comparative Study of a Legend Compiled from Muğla and the Story of Kurumuş Ağaçlar (The Dried Trees

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Sibel TURHAN TUNA

2013-09-01

insandan, toplumdan dolayısıyla içinde beslendiği kültürden ayrı düşünülemez. Hatta en soyut eserin bile çıkış noktası kültürün bir parçasıdır. Bu bağlamda kültürel unsurları bünyesinde barındıran edebiyatın sözlü ve yazılı olmak üzere birbirinden üslupça uzak, ama içerikçe birbirine yakın iki kolu vardır, nihayetinde beslenilen kaynak ortaktır, bu ortak kaynak insandır. Tüm bunlardan hareketle bu çalışmanın konusu, biri yazıya geçirilen diğeri de hala sözlü gelenekte yaşatılan iki anlatının metinler arası geçiş bağlamında mukayeseli tahlili olarak belirlenmiştir. Metinlerden biri Ömer Seyfettin’e ait olup 1920’de Ali Canip’in annesinden duyup yazdığını söylediği Kurumuş Ağaçlar adlı hikâyedir. Diğeri ise; Ömer Seyfettin’in hikâyesine olay örgüsü bakımından benzerlik taşıyan, Kasım 2007’de tarafımızdan derlenen ve kaynak kişinin babasından dinlediği tespit edilen bir efsanedir. Çalışmada, doğal olan sözlü anlatımın, dilin ferdî tasavvuru ile yapay olan yazılı anlatıma dönüşürken hangi unsurların ön plana alındığı, muhafaza edildiği, yazarın ve anlatıcının metinler bağlamında tavrı, her iki metinde iletilmek istenen ortak mesaj gibi unsurlar metinler arasılık bağlamında kar��ılaştırmalı tematik yöntemle ele alınmıştır. Nitekim, biri sözlü edebiyata diğeri de yazılı edebiyata ait iki metnin söz konusu yöntem dahililinde ele alınması sonucunda kültürel kodlardan biri olan “Her işte bir hayır vardır” atasözünde birleştiği belirlenmiştir.

The Crimea and Rum in the 13th–14th centuries: The Anatolian Diaspora and Urban Culture of Solkhat »

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Mark Kramarovsky

2016-01-01

, the horsemen warriors arrived in the Crimea with their families. The new-comers settled outside the city, but Solkhat and Sut(dak were given to ‘Izz ad-Din, khan Börke’s son-in-law, as the ikta. Another finding from Belogorsk area (the Crimea is a hanging lead seal bearing the titles of the three rulers of Rum between 1249 and 1237, ‘Izz ad-Din Kaykaus II, Rukn al-Din-Kilich Arslan IV and Allah ad-Din Kayqubad I. It means that the contacts between Rum and the administration of the Golden Horde were established at least as early as in the middle of the thirteenth century. After ‘Izz ad-Din’s death (circa 1280 the Seljuks of Sary Sultuk returned to Dobrudja. Between 1265 and 1280 Kemal Baba’s (Kemal Ata’s cult arose in Crimea. Kemal Baba was a sufi sheikh, a follower of Sary Sultuk [Saltuk-name 1987, s.136]. He died in 1278 in Solkhat, and it could have been by Sary Sultuk’s order and to commemorate Kemal Baba that the sufi abode and the mausoleum were built there. They used to be a ziyarat, but none of them has survived until nowadays. The contacts with Anatolia can be traced in the iconography of the double-headed eagle on the puls of Solkhat bearing Talabuga khan’s tamga (1287–1290; images of a double-headed eagle can be seen on Janibek’s puls in the middle of the fourteenth century. When the Jochids chose Islam as their religion, they unconsciously followed the Great Seljuks’ experience. There were a number of reasons for that. The first one is the fact that they chose a Sufi-like branch. According to C.E. Bosworth, they did so because the Turcic people’s Islam kept some traces of Seljuk tradition and some other Shamanistic beliefs. This hidden Paganism is believed to explain not only the choice of the Sunnite branch of Islam, but also of its Hanafite Maddhab. Under Börke (1257–1267, who was the first khan to adopt Islam, the new doctrine couldn’t neglect the fact that the khan’s surroundings belonged to different cultural

Book Reviews

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Redactie KITLV

1993-01-01

. xvii + 267 pp. -William Roseberry, Rosalie Schwartz, Lawless liberators, political banditry and Cuban independence. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1989. x + 297 pp. -Robert L. Paquette, Robert M. Levine, Cuba in the 1850's: Through the lens of Charles DeForest Fredricks. Tampa: University of South Florida Press, 1990. xv + 86 pp. -José Sánchez-Boudy, Gustavo Pérez Firmat, The Cuban condition: Translation and identity in modern Cuban literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. viii + 185 pp. -Dick Parker, Jules R. Benjamin, The United States and the origins of the Cuban revolution: An empire of liberty in an age of national liberation. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. xi + 235 pp. -George Irvin, Andrew Zimbalist ,The Cuban economy: Measurement and analysis of socialist performance. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1989. xiv + 220 pp., Claes Brundenius (eds -Menno Vellinga, Frank T. Fitzgerald, Managing socialism: From old Cadres to new professionals in revolutionary Cuba. New York: Praeger, 1990. xiv + 161 pp. -Patricia R. Pessar, Eugenia Georges, The making of a transnational community: Migration, development, and cultural change in the Dominican republic. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990. xi + 270 pp. -Lucía Désir, Maria Dolores Hajosy Benedetti, Earth and spirit: Healing lore and more from Puerto Rico. Maplewood NJ: Waterfront Press, 1989. xvii + 245 pp. -Thomas J. Spinner, Jr., Percy C. Hintzen, The costs of regime survival: Racial mobilization, elite domination and control of the state in Guyana and Trinidad. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. x + 240 pp. -Judith Johnson, Morton Klass, Singing with the Sai Baba: The politics of revitalization in Trinidad. Boulder CO: Westview, 1991. xvi + 187 pp. -Aisha Khan, Selwyn Ryan, The Muslimeen grab for power: Race, religion and revolution in Trinidad and Tobago. Port of Spain: Inprint Caribbean, 1991. vii + 345 pp. -Drexel G. Woodson, Patrick Bellegarde

Üniversite öğrencilerinde madde kullanımı, şiddet ve bazı psikolojik özellikler

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Ebru Turhan

2011-06-01

Full Text Available ÖzetAmaç: Madde bağımlılığı günümüzde önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinde sigara, alkol ve uyuşturucu madde kullanımının yaygınlığını ve bunu etkileyen faktörleri araştırmak amacı ile yapıldı. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırmada veriler, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Ziraat Fakültesi ve Reyhanlı Sağlık Meslek Yüksek Okulu öğrencilerinden elde edildi.  Her fakülte ya da yüksek okuldan bir, iki, üç ve dördüncü sınıflardan birer şube seçildi ve sınıflarda ½ sistematik örneklem ile de öğrenciler seçildi. Çalışmaya toplam 396 öğrenci katıldı. Araştırmaya katılmayı kabul edenlere gözlem altında soru kağıdı uygulandı. Bulgular: Katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.9±2.3 ve %55.1’i erkektir.  Yaşam boyu sigara, alkol ve uyuşturucu madde kullanımı sırasıyla %73.2, %56.6 ve %9.6 idi. Erkeklerde sigara, alkol ve uyuşturucu madde kullanımı daha yüksek bulundu. Babasında ve kardeşinde sigara ve alkol kullanımı öyküsü olanlarda sigara ve alkol kullanımı daha yüksek saptandı.  Yakın akrabalarında uyuşturucu madde kullanımı bildirenlerde, uyuşturucu madde kullanımı daha fazla bulundu. Sigara kullananlarda şiddete uğrama ve şiddet uygulama, sigara içmeyenlere göre daha yüksek idi (p<0.001. Hayat boyu şiddete uğrayanların özgüven ve sosyal destek skorları düşük, sürekli kaygı puanları yüksek bulundu (p<0.01. Uçucu madde kullananlarda sürekli kaygı puanı yüksek (p<0.05, sosyal destek puanı düşük idi (p<0.05. Sonuç: Sigara içme, alkol ve uyuşturucu madde kullanımı Hatay’da üniversite öğrencilerinde yaygındır. Bulgularımız uçucu madde kullanımı ile yüksek sürekli kaygı ve düşük sosyal destek arasında ilişki olduğunu desteklemektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Madde kullanımı, üniversite öğrencileri, özsaygı, özgüven, kaygı, �

Râhatü’l-İnsân (Pend-Nâme-i Enûşîrvân’ın Türkçe Bir Tercümesi A Turkish Translation of Râhatü’l-İnsân (Pend-Nâme-i Enûşîrvân

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Müjgân ÇAKIR

2012-09-01

ı kaynaklarda Râhatü’l-insân veya Pend-nâme-i Enûşîrvân diye adlandırılmış olanıdır. Rıza Kulı Han Hidayet’in Bedâyi‛-i Belhî’ye ait olduğunu belirttiği metnin şairi meselesi ihtilaflıdır. Charles Schefer’in Chrestomathie Persane adlı eserinde neşrettiği metnin mukaddimesinde adı geçen “Şerîf-i Şair”in Ebû Şerîf Muhalledi-yi Gurgânî olduğu da iddia edilmektedir. Râhatü’l-insân Türkiye Kütüphanelerinde nüshaları olan bir eserdir. Bu makalede metin ve onun Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi, Fatih Bölümü, No. 5385’te “Pend-i Nûşîrevân-ı Âdil” adıyla kayıtlı bulunan Türkçe mensur bir tercümesi üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu tercümede Nûşîrevân’ın tacının onyedi diliminde (küngüre yazılı olan nasihatlar sıralanmakta ve bu âdil hükümdarın nasihatlarını askerlerinin okuyabilmesi için yılda bir kez tacını uygun bir yere astırdığından bahsedilmektedir. Nûşîrevân’ın nasihatlarında amacının insanlarını ahlâkî bakımdan eğitmek, insanlar arası ilişkileri düzenlemek kadar tebaa ile hükümdar arası münasebete yön vermek olduğu da görülmektedir. “İhtiyar ve zayıflara hürmet edin, ana baba hakkını gözetin, işlerinizi âlimlere danışarak yapın, dilinize hakim olun, emanete hıyanet etmeyin, düşündükten sonra konuşun” vb. Nûşîrevân’ın tacında kayıtlı olan nasihatlardan bazılarıdır. Makalede eserin Farsça nüshalarıyla Türkçe tercümesi arasındaki farklılıklara da temas edilmeye çalışılacak ve Türkçe tercümenin transkripsiyonlu şekline yer verilecektir.

Osmanlı’da Bir Darbe ve Tahlili: Genç Osman Örneği A Coup in Ottoman Empire And Its Analysis: Genç Osman Example

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Hasan YAŞAROĞLU

2013-09-01

. Mustafa out of his seclusion and declared him as new Ottoman Sultan. Meantime, Genç Osman (Young Othman was lock up into Yedikule Dungeons and killed there. Genç Osman is the first Ottoman sultan killed as a result of a revolution. Osmanlı padişahlarından III. Selim döneminde başlatılan Nizam-ıCedit hareketi, batılılaşma yönünde atılmış önemli bir adımdır.Osmanlının son dönemlerinde bazı padişahlar benzer adımlar atmayagayret etmişlerdir. III. Selim’in babası III. Mustafa zamanında dahiıslahat hareketlerine girişildiğine dair kayıtlar vardır. Daha geriyegittiğimizde karşımıza Lale Devri çıkmaktadır. Lale Devri, zevku sefanınön planda olduğu bir dönem olmakla beraber, bu dönemde dahibatılılaşma/ yenileşme yönünde bazı adımlar atılmıştır. Yenileşmeyönünde atılan adımların ilkini ise Sultan II. Osman dönemi teşkiletmektedir. Mezkur dönemi sona erdiren ise bir ihtilal hareketiolmuştur. Gerek bu İlk Osmanlı yenilik hareketi ve gerekse onu sonaerdiren ilk Osmanlı ihtilalı, daha sonrakilere örnek olmaları bakımındanönem arz etmektedirler. Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda bundan sonraortaya çıkmış olan çoğu yenilik hareketi bu Genç Osman yenilikhareketi ile aynı kaderi paylaşmıştır.Amcası I. Mustafa’nın hal edilmesi üzerine padişah olan GençOsman, sert tavırları yüzünden kısa zamanda Yeniçeri ve Ulemanınnefretini üzerine çekmiştir. Bu nefret padişahın bizzat başkomutanlığıüstlenmesi ve hacca gitmeye karar vermesi üzerine zamanla artmış veneticede isyana dönüşmüştür. Yeniçeri ve Sipahi Ocakları öncülüğündebaşlatılmış olan ve bir sonraki gün ulemanın da katılımı ile güçlenenisyancılar, taleplerini bildirmek üzere Saray’ın kapısına dayanmışlardır.Genç Osman başlangıçta isyancıların taleplerini reddetmiş ancak butavrını fazla sürdürememiştir. Sonunda isyancılar Saray’a girmiş vepadişahın amcası I. Mustafa’yı bulundu

EDITORIAL: Multitasking in nanotechnology Multitasking in nanotechnology

Science.gov (United States)

Demming, Anna

2013-06-01

resonance imaging and cancer treatment by hyperthermia. The introduction of scanning probe microscopy in the 1980s transposed the physics of nanoscale structures from elegant mathematical hypotheses to concrete observables. But if seeing is believing, control is power. Atomic force microscope probes could also be adopted as patterning devices, empowering researchers to manipulate the nanoworld to exacting designs [6]. There is even a report of early graphene fabrication from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite using this approach [7]. One of the natural advantages of patterning with a microscope probe is the opportunity for real-time monitoring of the process [8], and such dual functionality may be applied to current state of the art high-speed atomic force microscopy systems. With the 'coming of age' of high-speed atomic force microscopy, it is now possible to record movies of biological systems at the nanoscale to reveal the processes governing these systems in action [9]. As Toshio Ando explains in his recent review of the field, attempts at manipulating samples with the same probe used for high-speed atomic force microscopy imaging have already been reported. The vista of possibilities this opens includes the potential to observe the re-assembly of biological systems following deliberate breaking and the examination of complicated molecular architectures. The escalating interest in nanoscale research opened the flood gates for ZnO studies, as the community became captivated by the potential application of the nanomaterial's electronic properties in transparent electrodes in liquid crystal displays, thin-film transistors and light-emitting diodes. Zinc oxide's piezoelectric properties have also inspired researchers to investigate the energy harvesting potential of these structures [10]. The functions can be combined to produce self-powered vibration [11] and gas [1] sensing devices. In the sensor reported by Zhong Lin Wang and his colleagues in this issue, the Zn

Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Savaş Ve Barış Kavramı İle İlgili Düşüncelerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Değerlendirilmesi An Evaluation Of The Views Of Secondary Education Students Over The A Of War And Peace In Terms Of Different Variables

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Özgür AKTAŞ

2013-09-01

ılının birinci döneminde Ankara ilinin Altındağ, Çankaya, Mamak ve Yenimahalle ilçelerinde bulunan liselerde uygulama yapılmıştır. Araştırma tarama yöntemine dayanmaktadır. Çalışma 3026 ortaöğretim öğrencisiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin savaş ve barış konuları ile ilgili tutumları tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Savaş ve barış tutum ölçeği 40 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 15,0 paket programıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde öğrencileri cinsiyet, savaş oyunu oynayıp oynamama ve bilgisayar oyunu oynayıp oynamama değişkenlerine göre farklıkları olduğu gözlenmiştir. Öğrenciler arasında en az farklılığın ise baba eğitim düzeyi ve sınıf düzeyi arasında olduğu görülmüştür.Ortaöğretim öğrencileri insanın savaşçılık özelliği ile doğduğu şeklindeki önermeye kararsız kalmıştır. Öğrenciler savaşların Tanrının takdiri olduğu görüşüneyse katılmamıştır. Ortaöğretim öğrencileri savaşların masum insanlara acı getirdiği ve savaşların başka savaşlara yol açtığı görüşünde olmuştur. Öğrencilere göre savaşı kazanan da savaşı kaybeden de savaşsın sonuçlarından acı çekmektedir. Ortaöğretim öğrencileri en büyük başarıların savaş meydanlarında kazanıldığı fikrine kararsız bir tutum sergilemiştir. Yine öğrenciler vatanseverlik gibi yüce duyguların savaş meydanlarında doğduğu fikrinde de kararsızdır. Buna karşı öğrenciler savaş kazanmak kadar barış kazanmanın da önemli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Öğrencilere göre barışa katkı sağlayan insanlar da kahraman ilan edilmelidir.Türkiye’de savaş ve barış kavramının hangi yaşlarda anlaşılabildiğine dair araştırmalar yapılmamıştır. Bu alanda araştırmalar alana katkı sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca savaşların niteliğine göre ayrılarak da araştırma yapılmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Hz. Ali’nin Menkıbevî Hayatına Dair Bir Destan: Dâstân-ı Ejderhâ A Legend about the life of Ali: The Legend of Dragon

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Ali KOZAN

2013-07-01

. Türkler, İslâmiyet’i kabul etmelerini müteakip yeni bir inanç ve kültür yapısına da kapı aralamışlardır. İslâmiyet’le adeta özdeşleştirdikleri şahsiyetleri ise sözlü gelenek çerçevesinde kahramanlık hikâyeleriyle anmışlardır. Bu minvalde özellikle Hz. Muhammed, dört halife ve sahâbeler, bu menkîbelerin vazgeçilmez karakterleri olagelmişlerdir. Çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil eden Hz. Ali de söz konusu kahramanlık temalı hikâyelerde, destanlarda, menkîbelerde Hz. Muhammed’in damadı, Hz. Hasan ve Hz. Hüseyin’in babası olarak yiğit, cengâver nitelikleri ile ön plana çıkarılmıştır. Bu gelenek İslâmî Dönem Türk Tarihi’ne ait eserlerle yazıya aktarılmıştır.Hz. Ali’nin cesaret ve yiğitliğinin anlatıldığı cenknâmelerden biri olan Dâstân-ı Ejderhâ da bu türden bir eserdir. Destan, mesnevî tarzında kaleme alınmış olup, aynı zamanda efsane ve masal türlerinin kimi özelliklerini de göstermektedir. Dâstân-ı Ejderhâ adı verilen eserde, uzak bir ülkeden Hz. Muhammed’in huzuruna gelen Müslümanların şikâyet ettikleri ejderhâdan ve Hz. Muhammed’in görevlendirmesiyle sahabelerin Hz. Ali öncülüğünde ejderhâ ile yaptığı savaştan ve ejderhâyı mağlup etmesinden bahsedilmektedir. Burada Hz. Ali, kahraman şahsiyetiyle olağanüstü güçleri bünyesinde barındıran ve bu sayede din düşmanı olarak tasvir edilen ejderhâya karşı koyan ve mücadeleden çekinmeyen bir yapıya sahiptir. Destanda Hz. Ali’nin bu uğurda ölümü bile göze alabileceğine vurgu yapılmak suretiyle Müslümanları gâzaya teşvik etme amacı güdülmüştür. Ayrıca hakikatte dinin İslâm dini olduğu ve asî olanların hazin bir son ile ortadan kaldırılacağı vurgusu ile gâzilere gazâ ve cihad ülküsü kazandırmak amaçlanmıştır.Çalışmamızda öncelikle Dâstân-ı Ejderhâ adlı eserin mevcut nüshaları temin edilerek metin karşılaştırması yapılmış ve

Ömer Seyfeddin'in Değiş(tirilen Andı The Manipulated And Of Ömer Seyfeddin

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Fundagül APAK

2013-07-01

adaptation, word/meaning oriented translation… in the target culture as a result of the act of translation. Therefore this research intends to examine what kind of changes in terms of structure and meaning And has undergone and/or been exposed to, in its editions published after the passing away of its author and in which part of the map developed by Holmes these changes have originated from. According to the theory suggested by Vermeer and Reiss, decision making bodies effective in reshaping the source text during the process of translation, will be tried to be described. Thus covering the period from the establishment of the Republic until today, a pilot study, in terms of the functions of patronage and ideologies in Turkish literature influencing the reshaping of a literary product will be presented. And; Türk edebiyatında “modern öykücülüğün babası” kabul edilen Ömer Seyfeddin’in (1884-1920 yazdığı öykülerden birinin adıdır. Bu öykünün, yazarın ölümünden sonraki baskıları incelendiğinde, kurgunun, yapı ve anlam açısından bozulduğu ve birbirinden oldukça farklı metinlere dönüştüğü görülür. Kaynak metin; yabancı bir kültürün diline çevrilmişçesine, biçim ve içerik açısından pek çok darbe almıştır. 20. yüz yılda, James Holmes (1924-1986 tarafından salt ve uygulamalı olmak üzere ikiye ayrılıp kendi içinde dallanıp budaklanan çeviribilimde, salt alandaki ürün-süreç-işlev odaklı betimleyici çalışmaların yanı sıra, içinde hem genel hem de araç-alan-düzey-metin türü-zaman-sorun ile sınırlandırılmış bölütlü çalışmaların bulunduğu kuramsal aşamalar yer alır. Çevirmen eğitimi, çeviri destekleri ve çeviri eleştirisi ise çeviribilimin uygulamalı kolunu oluşturur. Hans Vermeer ve Katharina Reiss’in geliştirdiği Skopos (amaç kuramındaysa bir kaynak metni erek kültürde yeniden biçimlendirirken belirlenen amacın çevrilen kültüre ya da çevirmenin (ki

Uzm Dr Sebahattin Okumuş 05-09-1937 - 14-03-2003

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Veli Özdemir

2003-12-01

Full Text Available 1993 yılının Temmuz ayında tanıştık. Otopsisi ertesi güne kalan bir cenazenin başında beklerken, Fatih Adli Tabibi olduğunu anladığım iriyarı ve göbekli bir kişi kendine has yürüyüşüyle cenaze başına geldi. Daha tanışamadan elindeki dörde katlanmış ve “A4” olduğu belli olan kağıda hızlı bir biçimde not almaya başladı. Çevresiyle bağını koparmış, dış muayeneye ve elindeki kağıda konsantre olmuştu; birşey soranları “dur şimdi zamanı değil!” biçiminde geri çeviriyordu. Bu cümlenin, kendisinin her zaman kullandığı bir deyim olduğunu tanıyanlar bilir. Sonunda muayene bitti ve tanıştık; Dr. Sebahattin Okumuş imiş. “Sebahattin” olan adının “Sabahattin” olarak telaffuz edilmesine ve yazılmasına çok kızardı. Bunu ilk tanıştığımız gün anladım. Daha soma kendisiyle sık sık görüşmemizin dışmda, 1998-1999 yıllarında Fatih Adli Tabipliğinde çok yakından tanımamı sağlayacak 1 yıl kadar birlikte çalıştık... Kendi sağlığına pek dikkat etmez ve hele KOAH'lı (Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastahğı olmasına karşın ilaçlarım düzenli almaz ve bir hekim olmasına karşın doktor korkusundan dolayı kontrole gitmekten çekinirdi. Hastalığmın alevlendiği dönemlerde, ölü muayenesi için 1 kat merdiven çıkmak zorunda kalacağı için Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi'nin morguna gitmek istemezdi. 1999 yılı itibariyle 15 yıllık KOAH'lı olması ve tam konulduğu gün 20 yıh aşkın süre boyunca günde 2-3 paket kullandığı sigarayı birden bırakması (zorunda kalması dışında sağhğma pek dikkat etmemesi bildiğim en kötü yanıydı... Evine sürekli bir şeyler taşıması, oğlunun üzerine titremesi, eşi ve oğlu ile telefondaki diyaloglarından kendisinin evine pek düşkün olduğu, iyi bir “aile babası” ve “aile reisi” olduğu anlaşılıyordu. Evi ve işi dışında zaman geçirdiği tek yer Cengiz Ağabeyin (Uz

İlk “Mûsikî” Ders Programları ve Zati Bey’in “Talim-i Kıraat-i Mûsikî” İsimli Eserinin Analizi The First “Mûsıkî” Curriculums And The Analysis Of The Work Of Art Named “Talim-i Kıraat-i Mûsıkî” Of Zati Bey

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Cahit AKSU

2013-03-01

cumhuriyet döneminde üretilen müzik eğitimikitaplarına rehberlik etmiştir. Bu kitapta yer alan çocuk şarkılarındakikonular, Türk insanının o zamanki duygu, düşünce, hissiyat veihtiyaçlarına işaret etmektedir. Savaşta şehirlerin kaybedilmesindenkaynaklanan büyük üzüntü, mücadele eden orduya maddi olarak dayardım etmenin erdemi, İstiklal Savaşı ile Türklük gururu, tarımsalkalkınmanın, üretimin ve tutumlu olmanın önemi bu kitaptakişarkılarda ele alınan başlıca konulardır. Kitapta bulunan şarkılarda elealınan konular şu şekildedir: “Oyun, Organlar, Günler, Sayılar,Mevsimler, Tasarruf Bilinci, Çalışmanın Önemi, Allah Sevgisi,Beslenme, Doğa Sevgisi, Anne-Baba Sevgisi, Eğitimin Önemi, Özlem,Kahramanlık, Vatan Sevgisi.”Cumhuriyet döneminin ilk yıllarında yazılan „Talim-i Kıraat-iMusiki” isimli eserde yer alan şarkılardaki konu çeşitliliğini diğerçalışmalarla karşılaştırdığımızda, konuların doğru bir pedagojikyaklaşımla ele alındığını ve bu karakteristiğiyle de ondan sonra yazılanbenzer müzik eğitimi kitaplarına öncülük ettiğini görmekteyiz.

El HTLV-I y la PET/HAM un modelo de investigación en virología y biología molecular

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Felipe García Vallejo

2004-03-01

disease outcome. JAIDS and Hum. Retrovirol 1996; 13 :s146-s153.

10. DOMÍNGUEZ M. C, TAMAYO O., EIZURU Y., VILLALOBOS J., GARCÍA-VALLEJO F. Spatial distribution of the Human T-Lymphotropic virus Type I (HTLV-Tax protein molecular mimicry in normal spinal cord of rats. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2003; 19: S-41.

11. CABRERA J, GARCÍA-VALLEJO F. Aumento del número de amplicones obtenidos por IPCR en el ADN de personas seropositivas para HTLV-I afectadas con PET/HAM. Colombia Médica 2000; 31: 169-175.

12. GARCÍA-VALLEJO F, CABRERA-MONCAYO J, MIYAKE H, CERÓN F, CASTILLO A, BABA M, et al. Molecular biology of the integration of human T-Lymphotropic virus (HTLV Type I proviral DNA in the genome of lymphocytes. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2003; 19: S-59.

13. GARCÍA-VALLEJO F, CABRERA-MONCAYO J, CASTILLO A, EIZURU Y, AKIBA S, CERÓN F, et al. Molecular fingerprinting of the human T-Lymphotropic (HTLV type I integrated provirus using a substractive hybridization of AFLP fragments methodology (SHAFLP. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2003; 19: S-58.

14. PANAY J, GARCIA-VALLEJO F, CASTILLO A, ORDÓÑEZ P, DOMÍNGUEZ M, CEBALLOS C. A computational model of the HTLV-1 Integrase. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2003; 19: S-60.

Coţofeni-Kostolac culture on the territory of north-eastern Serbia

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Kapuran Aleksandar

2012-01-01

returned to these settlements en route to lowlands and river terraces, while other groups probably continued their journey to gathering centres in valleys near the Danube and the Timok rivers. The next type of settlement belongs to high, multi-layered settlements (Arija baba-Košobrdo, Čoka Kormaroš, Field of Z. Brzanović, Varzari and Smedovac-Grabar-Svračar which represent sunbathed dominant positions, with a good view of the surrounding area, well suited to long-term occupation. Settlements on high elevations of this type are usually linked with landscapes that predominate in grazing areas and in which there are no large forests. The last type of Coţofeni-Kostolac settlement is characteristic of lowland settlements positioned on river terraces. The settlements on the right bank of the Danube, around Ključ (Kladovo- Brodoimpeks, Mala Vrbica, Zbradila-Fund, Korbovo- Obala, Vajuga-Pesak, Jakomirski potok estuary, Velesnica, Ljubič evac-river bank, Ljubičevac-Island, Brzi prun, Slatinska reka estuary, Knjepište, Ruženjka, Kusjak-Bordjej, Kusjak-Motel, Kusjak-Vrkalj, represented points at which shepherd’s flocks could remain for longer periods, waiting for favourable conditions for crossing to the other side of the river. This assumption is based on old maps predating the construction of the accumulation lake. These maps indicate that in the immediate vicinity of these settlements were located small sand islands linked to the river bank, pointing to shallows and crossing points. These sections of the river bank, during prolonged droughts or during cold winters, when ice was formed, could have been places where the river was crossed from one side to the other. Residential architecture cannot be precisely defined, given that the discovered remains of houses are very meagre and lack sufficient elements for reconstruction. The most recent excavations on the Bubanj-Staro Selo settlemant at Niš, indicate an identical type of architectural construction as discovered at