Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)--2010 Annual Meeting. For Sight: The Future of Eye and Vision Research--part 2.

Science.gov (United States)

Hookes, Livia

2010-07-01

The 2010 Annual Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO), held in Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA, included topics covering new therapeutic developments in the field of eye and vision research. This conference report highlights selected presentations on the development of OT-440 (Othera Pharmaceuticals Inc) for the potential treatment of glaucoma, an extended-release implant of brimonidine (pSivida Corp) for ocular hypertension, AR-12286 (Aerie Pharmaceuticals Inc) for ocular hypertension or glaucoma, AC-8 (Calmune Corp/RiboVax Biotechnologies SA) for ocular diseases following HSV infection, and fidarestat (Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co Ltd) and the recombinant proteins NOV and NOVCter (INSERM/University Rene Descartes) for corneal neovascularization.

Japanese aquaculture with thermal water from power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuroda, T.

1977-01-01

The present level of thermal aquaculture, utilizing thermal water which is waste cooling water from nuclear power plant, in Japan is reported. There are 13 major potential areas for thermal aquaculture in cooperation with conventional type thermal power plants, seven of which are actually operating. Aquaculture facilities of all these are on land, none in the sea. Of these seven centers, those that have already commercialized their nursery methods or are approaching that stage of research and development, are Tohoku Hatsuden Kogyo Ltd., Tsuruga Hama Land Ltd. and Kyushu Rinsan Ltd. Major problems faced specialists in Japanese thermal aquaculture are water temperature, water quality, radioactivity and costs. For keeping the water temperature constant all seasons, cooling or heating by natural sea water may be used. Even negligible amounts of radioactivity that nuclear power plants release into the sea will concentrate in the systems of marine life. A strict precautionary checking routine is used to detect radioactivity in marine life. (Kobatake, H.)

Environmental science, petroleum engineer`s view. CO2 gas reduction technologies for global warming prevention; Sekiyu gijutsusha no shiten kara no kankyo kagaku. Chikyu ondanka eno taio no tame no CO{sub 2} yokusei gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nomura, K [Tokyo (Japan)

1998-08-01

This paper discusses the techniques concerning diesel engines for cogeneration systems, techniques concerning fuel consumption-saving type lubricating oils and techniques concerning oil refineries, out of the CO2 emission control (energy saving) techniques for coping with the global warming which the petroleum engineers are now tackling. The paper introduces CO2 emission control techniques using a petroleum cogeneration system and studies on NOx removing techniques using catalysts as the techniques concerning diesel engines; techniques for reducing friction loss, which occurs in an engine and a transmission, by improving the recipes of lubricating oils and the development of novel friction modifiers as the fuel consumption-saving type lubricating oil techniques; and the CO2 separating techniques using a system for recovering the low-temperature waste heat produced in petroleum refinement with a high efficiency, or using a solid film such as a molecular sieve as the energy-saving techniques used in oil refineries. 18 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

SU-G-206-02: Impact of Focal Spot Sizes On CT Image Quality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bache, S; Rong, J

2016-01-01

Purpose: To quantify a radiology team’s assessment of image quality differences between two CT scanner models currently in clinical use, with emphasis on spatial resolution that could be impacted by focal spot size. Methods: Modulation Transfer Functions (MTF) measurements were performed by scanning the impulse source insert module of the Catphan 600 at 120/140 kVp with both large (LFS) and small (SFS) focal spots and reconstructed to 2.5mm and 5.0mm thicknesses on a GE Discovery CT750 HD and a LightSpeed VCT CT scanner. MTFs were calculated by summing the 2D PSF along one-dimension to obtain line-spread-function (LSF), and calculating the Fourier Transform of the zero-padded and background corrected LSF. Spatial resolution performance was evaluated by comparing MTF curves, 50% and 10% MTF cutoff, and total area under the MTF curve (AUC). In addition, images of the Catphan high-contrast module and a Kagaku anthropomorphic body phantom were acquired from the HD scanner for visual comparisons. Results: For each scanner model, SFS was superior to LFS spatial resolution with respect to 50%/10% MTF cutoff and AUC. For the HD, 50%/10% cutoff was 4.29/7.22cm-1 for the LFS and 4.43/7.45cm-1 for the SFS. VCT outperformed HD, with 50%/10% cutoff of 4.40/7.29 cm-1 for LFS and 4.62/7.47cm-1 for SFS. Scanner model performance in order of decreasing AUC performance was VCT SFS (7.43), HD SFS (7.20), VCT LFS (7.09) and HD LFS (6.93). Visual evaluations of Kagaku phantom images confirmed that VCT outperformed HD. Conclusion: VCT outperformed HD and small focal spot is desired for either model over large focal spot in term of spatial resolution – in agreement with radiologist feedback of overall image quality. In-depth evaluations of clinical impact and focal spot selection mechanisms is currently being assessed.

NO/sub x/ removal facility: MON process

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukuda, Y

1974-05-01

A newly developed process for nitrogen oxides removal is described. The MON process, named for Mitsubishi Kizoku, Okabe of Tohoku Univ., and Nippon Kagaku, uses potassium permanganate as an oxidizing agent. Potassium permanganate in alkaline solution converts nitric oxide into nitrate and nitrogen dioxide into nitric acid. The resulting MnO/sub 2/ is easily filtered and recovered as material for the manufacturing of KMnO/sub 4/. Contrary to the conventional methods, the NO/sub x/ conversion rate increases with increasing temperature. Test results at a pilot plant showed that NO/sub x/ was reduced from 570 ppM (nitric oxide 520 ppM) to 27 ppM (mostly NO) at 97 to 98 percent conversion. Another advantage of the process is that other acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide are also removed.

Increase of body surface temperature and blood flow by theanine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hasegawa, Takeo; Noguchi, Kenichi; Ando, Satoshi

2002-01-01

Suntheanine (Taiyo Kagaku Co.: Theanine) is the trade name for L-theanine which is a unique amino acid found almost solely in tea plants, responsible for the exotictaste of green tea. We investigated the effects of relate to relaxation, improves the taste of processed foods, radiation sensitization, and increase of body surface temperature in vivo study. The results of the present study confirmed, (1) Suntheanine is incorporated into the brain and induces the emission of α -waves an induced of relaxation. (2) Body surface temperature and blood flow on skin were increased after administration of Suntheanine. (3) There was effects of radiation sensitization in whole body irradiation of X-rays after Suntheanine IP injection on C3H mice. (4) Acute toxicity, subacute toxicity and mutagen testconfirm the safety Suntheanine in this study

Chronology of petroleum geophysics; Sekiyu butsuri tansa nenpyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kametani, T

1996-10-01

A table, chronology of petroleum geophysics in overseas and in Japan, has been prepared for the convenience of checking events, which are thought to be important as notable affairs in application, success, and technical innovation. In overseas, successes in the 1920s were remarkable, when the US modern geophysical exploration made a start. Successes in determining the position of exploratory drilling by means of the gravity torsion balance, fan shooting seismic refraction method, and seismic reflection method occurred one after another. The USA has kept its situation stably as the number one by the seismic reflection method occurred most lately, and its life has been further elongated by adopting digital techniques. The CDP technique which became to be used simultaneously, and the seismic sources without using explosives, such as vibro-seismic source and air gun, extended the success of digital techniques drastically. In the future, the progress of 3-D exploration technology is expected. In Japan, about 18 years lag in the seismic reflection method is observed when compared with the USA. Japan has provided leading techniques in the shallow layer seismic reflection method and S-wave exploration. 40 refs., 1 tab.

Present state and future of pretrochemical industry; Domestic and overseas situations concerning new and additional construction of facilities of ethylene and BTX. Sekiyu kagaku sangyo no genjo to kongo; Ethylene BTX no shinzosetsu wo meguru naigai josei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konuma, Yoshio

1990-02-25

Since 1987, petrochemical industry has jumped into the era of properity and as a whole, been supported by increasing demands. Although it is said that the 21st Century is the age of chemistry, but for petrochemistry the age of 1990 {prime} s is the age of international competition for the survival towards the 21st Century. The scale of individual enterprise of the Japanese chemical industry including petrochemical enterprises still remains small when compared with that of the individual world-wide chemical enterprises of the U.S.A., Germany and the U.K., etc., besides these world-wide enterprises have established their production bases and research facilities in Japan. In addition, there is somewhat uncertainty in the foundation which is supporting the present prosperity. This article scans the present situation of petrochemistry in its preface, explains the present state and trends of individual industry in the chapters covering the environment around the Japanese petrochemical industry, the report (summary) of the Long Term Credit Bank Institute of Management, trends of advance of oil industry into petrochemical business, production capacity of ethylene and new as well as additional plant construction plans. In this industry, is observed the constitution of Japan which is unable to form internationally competitive power irrespective of her recognition of its necessity because of their giving priority to the balance of their business world. 1 tab.

Development status of rotary engine at Toyo Kogyo. [for general aviation aircraft

Science.gov (United States)

Yamamoto, K.

1978-01-01

Progress in the development of rotary engines which use a thermal reactor as the primary part of the exhaust emission control system is reviewed. Possibilities of further improvements in fuel economy of future rotary engines are indicated.

Integrated electric circuit engineering system in LSI design center, Konami Kogyo Co. Ltd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kamitsuki, Kagehiko; Tanaka, Tomiaki

1988-08-26

Development of the integrated engineering system is presented which designs and manufactures the hardwares, softwares and cases of electronic game products with LSI integratedly as an experiment. The system is intended to reduce the number of each development of the parts, to verify each other by comparing each parts with the product concept during the development, to reduce modifications, and to shorten development periods. The main subsystems are an electric circuit CAD for LSI designs and a mechanical CAD for case or printed circuit board designs. The LSI development period has been shortened up to one month by a larger capacity computer and higher speed simulator, and the electric circuit engineering system capable of keeping step with the software development has been approximately completed. In the future, the system will be intended to introduce an expert system or a visual system capable of predicting the final product during a logical design period. (10 figs, 1 photo)

Chemical term correspondence between Japanese and American chemistry textbooks. II. Nippon to America no kagaku kyokasho ni okeru kagaku yogo no taio. II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kakihara, S. (Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan))

1991-06-10

This is a study on how chemical terms used in Japanese chemistry textbooks correspond to those in American textbooks. Examples in which English and Japanese chemical terms do not correspond are divided into 4 groups, and points to be noticed are described. As references, two kinds of most popular textbooks in the U.S. and three kinds of Japanese textbooks are mainly used. When chemical terms in either of American or Japanese textbooks do not correspond to or were not found in the other textbooks, several kinds of other dictionaries and textbooks are also investigated. As a result, it is found that there are some English terms which are apt to be mistranslated into Japanese. Some of English translations established in dictionaries and textbooks in Japan are not found in American textbooks. In the same way, some English terms often used in American textbooks do not appear in Japanese textbooks and dictionaries. These examples and notes seem to be useful for reading American textbooks or writing English abstracts of papers on chemistry. 16 refs.

Performance evaluation of iterative reconstruction algorithms for achieving CT radiation dose reduction — a phantom study

Science.gov (United States)

Dodge, Cristina T.; Tamm, Eric P.; Cody, Dianna D.; Liu, Xinming; Jensen, Corey T.; Wei, Wei; Kundra, Vikas

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to characterize image quality and dose performance with GE CT iterative reconstruction techniques, adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR), and model‐based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), over a range of typical to low‐dose intervals using the Catphan 600 and the anthropomorphic Kyoto Kagaku abdomen phantoms. The scope of the project was to quantitatively describe the advantages and limitations of these approaches. The Catphan 600 phantom, supplemented with a fat‐equivalent oval ring, was scanned using a GE Discovery HD750 scanner at 120 kVp, 0.8 s rotation time, and pitch factors of 0.516, 0.984, and 1.375. The mA was selected for each pitch factor to achieve CTDIvol values of 24, 18, 12, 6, 3, 2, and 1 mGy. Images were reconstructed at 2.5 mm thickness with filtered back‐projection (FBP); 20%, 40%, and 70% ASiR; and MBIR. The potential for dose reduction and low‐contrast detectability were evaluated from noise and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) measurements in the CTP 404 module of the Catphan. Hounsfield units (HUs) of several materials were evaluated from the cylinder inserts in the CTP 404 module, and the modulation transfer function (MTF) was calculated from the air insert. The results were confirmed in the anthropomorphic Kyoto Kagaku abdomen phantom at 6, 3, 2, and 1 mGy. MBIR reduced noise levels five‐fold and increased CNR by a factor of five compared to FBP below 6 mGy CTDIvol, resulting in a substantial improvement in image quality. Compared to ASiR and FBP, HU in images reconstructed with MBIR were consistently lower, and this discrepancy was reversed by higher pitch factors in some materials. MBIR improved the conspicuity of the high‐contrast spatial resolution bar pattern, and MTF quantification confirmed the superior spatial resolution performance of MBIR versus FBP and ASiR at higher dose levels. While ASiR and FBP were relatively insensitive to changes in dose and pitch, the spatial

Developing chemical information system; Henbosuru kagaku joho -intanetto no sekai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chihara, H.

1999-12-01

With the internet's popularization, the chemical information system greatly changes. In this paper, recent development of a chemical information system using the internet is summarized. To begin with, the kinds of online information systems using WWW and how to use them are described. Next, features of the electronic journals and how to use them are described. Next, CAS and STN as internet editions of the secondary information are introduced. Next, the Scifinder and the SciFinder Scholar which CAS developed as information retrieval tools for researcher are explained well. Next, ISI and DIALOG are introduced as information retrieval services of the other web editions. Finally, realization of retrieval and display of the English database by Japanese and preparation of a fact database such as density, boiling point, spectra, etc. and the offer of them by the internet are mentioned as a future image of chemical information systems. (NEDO)

Survey of ketolactia, determining the main predisposing management factors and consequences in Hungarian dairy herds by using a cow-side milk test

Science.gov (United States)

Zechner, Gerhard; Csorba, Csaba; Könyves, László

2018-01-01

The aims of the survey were to determine the prevalence of ketosis in dairy herds by measuring the concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) in milk by Keto-Test (Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Nagoya, Japan); risk factors and the relationship with postpartum diseases were investigated. 1667 early lactating (days in milk 0–75) cows were tested in 52 dairy herds in 2013 and 2014 years. In total, 29.3 per cent of samples were positive (BHBAMILK ≥100 µmol/l), including 3.7 per cent high positives (BHBAMILK ≥500 µmol/l). The prevalence was similar in herds with less than or more than 9000 kg milk yield (0.34 and 0.38, respectively, P=0.4); however, it was higher in the herds with more than 1000 cows than in smaller herds (ketosis (P<0.001). The results confirm the high prevalence of ketolactia in Hungarian dairy herds and its links to herd-related and cow-related risk factors and diseases occurring commonly in fresh cows. PMID:29868171

Achievement report for fiscal 1982 on Sunshine Program-entrusted research and development. Research and development of electrolysis of water using thermochemical/photochemical/electrochemical mixed cycle; 1982 nendo netsu kagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru suibunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

The research and development aims to increase the yield of light energy conversion in a photochemical reaction and thereby to increase the efficiency of the reaction of electrolysis of water. In the research, the electrochemical properties of Fe{sup 3+}/Fe{sup 2+} and I{sub 3}{sup -}/I{sup -} systems in a phosphoric acid solution are examined. As for the behavior of iodine ions I and I{sub 3}, their capacity coefficient rises with a rise in temperature at any phosphoric acid concentration level. Furthermore, more water molecules are disengaged from hydrated iodine ions with an increase in the concentration of phosphoric acid, and the now naked iodine ions are higher in activity coefficient. The behavior of iron ions in phosphoric acid is observed by use of a rotating electrode. Although the activity coefficient ratio of iron ions and iodine ions exerts a great influence in the process of conversion from light energy to chemical energy, the outcome of experiment indicates that the ratio is low for both iron- and iodine-based systems. It is consequently concluded that an energy conversion rate of approximately 10kcal/mol is expected from a photochemical reaction as in the case of hydrated systems. (NEDO)

Studies on the radiation exposure and protection at the X-ray radiography in the medical care at home

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, Shoichi; Fujii, Shigehisa; Asada, Yasuo; Orito, Takeo; Kamei, Tetsuya; Koga, Sukehiko

1998-01-01

Since there are scarce studies on the exposure and protection at the radiography in the medical care at home, authors performed such studies as comparison of doses from self-rectifying and inverter tubes, exposure and protection to patients and nursing persons and actual measurement (October, 1997) at home in Tohno city, Iwate prefecture, of scattering radiation dose at radiography. Apparatuses used were: Portable X-ray equipments; self-rectifying types (Toshiba TR-20 and Medisonacoma PX 30N) and an inverter type (Medisonacoma PX-15HF), Kyoto Kagaku WAC water phantom, X-ray analyzer Model 200 of Kasei Optonics, and Dosimeters (Victoreen Radocon ionization dosimeter and Aloka ICS-301 ionization chamber survey meters). Radiation qualities, surface doses and scattering doses of the equipments under various conditions were compared by the half value layer and effective energy measured with the analyzer. Actual measurement of scattering dose was done at home for 4 patients at chest radiography. Annual dose in monthly ordinary radiography at home, when the distance was >200 cm far from the flux center, was found about 1/100 of 1 mSv (the annual public dose limit), thus securing the safety of nurses. (K.H.)

Studies on the radiation exposure and protection at the X-ray radiography in the medical care at home

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suzuki, Shoichi; Fujii, Shigehisa; Asada, Yasuo; Orito, Takeo [Fujita Health Univ., Toyoake, Aichi (Japan). School of Health Science; Kamei, Tetsuya; Koga, Sukehiko

1998-12-01

Since there are scarce studies on the exposure and protection at the radiography in the medical care at home, authors performed such studies as comparison of doses from self-rectifying and inverter tubes, exposure and protection to patients and nursing persons and actual measurement (October, 1997) at home in Tohno city, Iwate prefecture, of scattering radiation dose at radiography. Apparatuses used were: Portable X-ray equipments; self-rectifying types (Toshiba TR-20 and Medisonacoma PX 30N) and an inverter type (Medisonacoma PX-15HF), Kyoto Kagaku WAC water phantom, X-ray analyzer Model 200 of Kasei Optonics, and Dosimeters (Victoreen Radocon ionization dosimeter and Aloka ICS-301 ionization chamber survey meters). Radiation qualities, surface doses and scattering doses of the equipments under various conditions were compared by the half value layer and effective energy measured with the analyzer. Actual measurement of scattering dose was done at home for 4 patients at chest radiography. Annual dose in monthly ordinary radiography at home, when the distance was >200 cm far from the flux center, was found about 1/100 of 1 mSv (the annual public dose limit), thus securing the safety of nurses. (K.H.)

Achievement report for fiscal 1983 on Sunshine Program-entrusted research and development. Research and development of water-splitting systems using thermochemical, photochemical, and electrochemical mixed cycle; 1983 nendo netsu kagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru suibunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-03-01

The report covers the outcome of a basic study of the splitting of water using photochemical reaction. The behavior of iron ions and iodine ions is important in the photochemical reaction in the phosphoric acid and in the energy exchange that follows, and the characteristics of iodine ions are investigated in detail. Since the response of a commercially available iodine ion electrode is slow in a strong phosphoric acid solution, a silver/silver iodide electrode is experimentally built, and is used in the investigation of the iodine ion activity coefficient. In the investigation, it is indicated that more energy is accumulated when temperature or concentration is higher. In the case where sunlight is used as the light source for photochemical reaction, it is necessary to perform optimal control in compliance with fluctuation in sunlight intensity. In the study, fluctuation in sunlight intensity is assumed to be composed of step waves, pulse waves, and sinusoidal waves, and a result of digital simulation is obtained by using a modelling method for control. For the convenience of computation, the number of cell division is set at approximately five, when the solution flow responsiveness and energy conversion utilization factor are found to be excellent. (NEDO)

Model project for enhancing energy consumption efficiency in developing countries. Report on changes of energy conservation technology and environmental protection technology in the chemical industry of Japan; Hatten tojokoku energy shohi koritsuka model jigyo. Nippon kagaku kogyo ni okeru sho energy gijutsu to kankyo taisaku gijutsu no hensen hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the economic growth and the global environmental protection in the Asian area, an investigation was carried out into energy conservation technology and environmental protection technology in the chemical industry of Japan. Measures for energy conservation are shifting from those which do not cost so much such as reduction in excess air rate of the heating furnace, and reduction in reflux ratio of the distillation tower to those with equipment investment such as waste heat recovery of the heating furnace and waste heat recovery of the distillation tower. In the 1980s, the utilization of low temperature waste heat by absorption type refrigerator and heat pump was promoted and the energy utilization efficiency by computer control was enhanced. Concerning environmental measures, the following were carried out: installation of the flue gas desulfurization device and reconstruction of high-rise stack, reduction of NOx by combustion control, smoke/dust disposal of electrostatic precipitator, combustion of hydrocarbon causing photochemical oxidant, catalytic oxidation, condensation, treatment by activated carbon, activated sludge treatment for BOD/COD, diaphragm process for dimethylmercury, ion exchange resin process, etc. 21 refs., 29 figs., 27 tabs.

Petroleum substitution energy measuring analysis survey; Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For analytical evaluation of effects of environmental protection measures, energy conservation measures, new energy promotion measures, etc., a very-long term energy supply/demand model was developed and used for a simulational study. The model is composed of the models of macro economics, secondary energy prices, new energy introduction, and energy supply/demand. The feature is that the amount of new energy introduction is measuringly analyzed based on the cost and market scale, and integratedly estimated in a frame of energy supply/demand of the whole Japan. As a result of the simulation, energy source as of 2030 is composed of coal (17%), oil (44%) and nuclear power (15%) in the case of the economic growth as viewed optimistically. Contrarily, in the case of it as viewed pesimistically, energy source is composed of coal (11%), oil (40%) and nuclear power (22%). CO2 emission is -12.4% in the case of the new energy promotion than in the standard case. 7 refs., 79 figs., 107 tabs.

Econometric analysis on oil-substituting energy; Sekiyu daigae energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1992-03-01

This is a fiscal 1991 report on the investigation having been carried out for the past 6 years by the Institute of energy Economics contracting with NEDO. The report is to make an overall evaluation of various aspects seen in the development of petroleum substitution energy in relation with the environmental problem. Various kinds of simulations are conducted by developing the industrial related model which can analyse effects of CO{sub 2} emmission control measures exerted on Japan{prime}s microeconomics such as the industrial structure, based on the analytical model which was developed by the fiscal 1990. For example, in establishment of 4 cases such as a standard case, a carbon tax imposition case, an industrial structure arrangement case and a high efficiency-new energy promotion case, signs are seen like that the primary energy supply in 2010 will decrease with heightening of energy price and improvement of consumption efficiency from 740 million kl in crude oil in the standard case to 620 million kl in the high efficiency-new energy promotion case, and CO{sub 2} emission will decrease from 440 million tons to 350 million tons. 14 refs., 65 figs., 114 tabs.

Econometric analysis on oil-substituting energy. Sekiyu daigae energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1992-03-01

This is a fiscal 1991 report on the investigation having been carried out for the past 6 years by the Institute of energy Economics contracting with NEDO. The report is to make an overall evaluation of various aspects seen in the development of petroleum substitution energy in relation with the environmental problem. Various kinds of simulations are conducted by developing the industrial related model which can analyse effects of CO{sub 2} emmission control measures exerted on Japan{prime}s microeconomics such as the industrial structure, based on the analytical model which was developed by the fiscal 1990. For example, in establishment of 4 cases such as a standard case, a carbon tax imposition case, an industrial structure arrangement case and a high efficiency-new energy promotion case, signs are seen like that the primary energy supply in 2010 will decrease with heightening of energy price and improvement of consumption efficiency from 740 million kl in crude oil in the standard case to 620 million kl in the high efficiency-new energy promotion case, and CO{sub 2} emission will decrease from 440 million tons to 350 million tons. 14 refs., 65 figs., 114 tabs.

Paradigm for scientific technologies in the 21st century as seen from the standpoint of scientific researches; Kagaku kenkyu no tachiba kara mota 21 seiki kagaku gijutsu no paradigm

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murakami, Y [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology

1995-01-05

Upon explaining the origin of the word `paradigm`, and interpreting the word as `current` or `trend`, this paper describes mainly the current with which the `freedom of research` is getting lost. When groups of engineers made a debut as vocational groups in the 19th century, researches were performed as a manifestation of curiosity and the will of truth pursuit of individuals, and the `freedom of learning` and `freedom of researches` were guaranteed in the first priority partly because the `free competition` had reached the summit in the then society. The clear current in the latter half of the 20th century is represented by the phenomena of increased research scales and the `regulated research activities` associated with the idea of enhancement of the national prestige. The prerequisite under these states of affairs was the return of the results to the society both publicly and privately. Under the pressure of environmental problems, it is estimated that the trend of `international` regulation will get stronger in terms of adjustment, distribution and priority of production. How a research based on `curiosity` of an individual is guaranteed under such circumstances depends upon out selection.

FY 1985 report on research and development project commissioned by the Sunshine Project. Research and development of electrolysis of water by combined thermochemical, photochemical and electrochemical cycles; 1985 nendo netsu kagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru mizu bunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1986-03-01

Reported herein are the FY 1985 research results on the combined water electrolysis cycles by effective utilization of sunlight. The tests for determining activity coefficient of an iron/iodine system is continued from the previous year, and the results are used to find the optimum conditions under which the photochemical and electrolysis reactions are effected simultaneously in a light-irradiated electrolysis tank. It is found that a photochemical reaction efficiency of approximately 0.3% is obtained at 5 W/cm{sup 2} as light intensity and 25 degrees C. For electrolysis of water by the multi-stage hybrid cycles, it is necessary for the reaction in each stage to proceed to almost the same extent so that it gives a just enough quantity of product for the subsequent stage. The data obtained are analyzed comprehensively, while taking the system matching conditions into consideration. The system for simultaneously measure two or more parameters, developed in the previous year, is equipped with a high-level language compiler of high effective speed, to simultaneously measure these parameters at shorter intervals. (NEDO)

Metrical analysis survey of petroleum substituting energy; Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper conducted the modeling on the economic/industrial structure giving the economic frame for energy supply/demand forecast, and made some simulations. In the simulation, assumed were a standard case, aging/hollowing case, and technical innovation case. As to macroeconomic models, macro items such as the economic growth rate, prices and IS balance were determined by giving foreign factors, financial factors, population factors, etc. In long-term energy supply/demand models, data on demand by use in commercial/residential and transportation sectors were estimated using various statistics. About the calculation result of a standard case of the former sector, the existing industries which markedly ebbed are primary products, the material system, construction/civil engineering, etc. Contrarily, the production industry such as general machines, electrical machines and automobiles increased the share. New and highly growing industries are new production industries like electronics and communication and new services like finance, insurance and communication. The GDP rate grows by 2.3% per year on average and lowers in each ten years hereafter. 53 figs., 83 tabs.

Characterization and validation of the thorax phantom Lungman for dose assessment in chest radiography optimization studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodríguez Pérez, Sunay; Marshall, Nicholas William; Struelens, Lara; Bosmans, Hilde

2018-01-01

This work concerns the validation of the Kyoto-Kagaku thorax anthropomorphic phantom Lungman for use in chest radiography optimization. The equivalence in terms of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was established for the lung and mediastinum regions of the phantom. Patient chest examination data acquired under automatic exposure control were collated over a 2-year period for a standard x-ray room. Parameters surveyed included exposure index, air kerma area product, and exposure time, which were compared with Lungman values. Finally, a voxel model was developed by segmenting computed tomography images of the phantom and implemented in PENELOPE/penEasy Monte Carlo code to compare phantom tissue-equivalent materials with materials from ICRP Publication 89 in terms of organ dose. PMMA equivalence varied depending on tube voltage, from 9.5 to 10.0 cm and from 13.5 to 13.7 cm, for the lungs and mediastinum regions, respectively. For the survey, close agreement was found between the phantom and the patients' median values (deviations lay between 8% and 14%). Differences in lung doses, an important organ for optimization in chest radiography, were below 13% when comparing the use of phantom tissue-equivalent materials versus ICRP materials. The study confirms the value of the Lungman for chest optimization studies.

Development and comparison of projection and image space 3D nodule insertion techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Robins, Marthony; Solomon, Justin; Sahbaee, Pooyan; Samei, Ehsan

2016-04-01

This study aimed to develop and compare two methods of inserting computerized virtual lesions into CT datasets. 24 physical (synthetic) nodules of three sizes and four morphologies were inserted into an anthropomorphic chest phantom (LUNGMAN, KYOTO KAGAKU). The phantom was scanned (Somatom Definition Flash, Siemens Healthcare) with and without nodules present, and images were reconstructed with filtered back projection and iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) at 0.6 mm slice thickness using a standard thoracic CT protocol at multiple dose settings. Virtual 3D CAD models based on the physical nodules were virtually inserted (accounting for the system MTF) into the nodule-free CT data using two techniques. These techniques include projection-based and image-based insertion. Nodule volumes were estimated using a commercial segmentation tool (iNtuition, TeraRecon, Inc.). Differences were tested using paired t-tests and R2 goodness of fit between the virtually and physically inserted nodules. Both insertion techniques resulted in nodule volumes very similar to the real nodules (values were all <0.97 for both insertion techniques. These data imply that these techniques can confidently be used as a means of inserting virtual nodules in CT datasets. These techniques can be instrumental in building hybrid CT datasets composed of patient images with virtually inserted nodules.

Future trend of science and technology. Kagaku gijutsu wa doko made susumu ka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kondo, S. (Inst. for Future Techynology, Tokyo (Japan))

1991-01-05

The fifth survey of a large scale technology forecast which is conducted by the Science and Technology Agency (Japan) is now started. This paper gives a prospect on the megatrend of technical innovation according to the 4th. Survey conducted in 1987. Threefold viewpoints of the analysis are as follows: Type of the technical innovation (Breakthrough type and technology melting pot type). New technology and new product development (adding higher value, human friendly type). Leading technology qualitative innovation of information/electronic technology; pursuit of highly intelligent technology. (Biological technology qualitative innovation of bio-technology: pursuit of simulated organism function). The technical forecast is conducted on 17 field sectors. Examples of design-synthesis and fabrication'' technology are a technology of control based on clarification at atomic and molecular levels'', and another is design and synthesis technology of substances by means of a computer science:.'' 2 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the introductory study on the global environmental industry technology. Study of the technology to recycle organic waste as resource in the chemical industry; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku kogyo ni okeru yukisei haikibutsu no saishigenka gijutsu no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

An investigational study was conducted of applicability/viability of the technology to recycle as resource the organic waste and CO2 discharged from the chemical industry, etc., and the FY 1999 results were summarized. As to the production of hydrogen from the organic waste, a bioreactor was developed which enables the production of hydrogen of 58 mmol/L/hr using Enterobactor aerogenes by the isolation bacteria method, and it successfully enabled the production of hydrogen from biomass resource. Further, the micro-flora method can be responded to a variety of substrates, but in this method the hydrogen production rate is not as high as in the isolation bacteria method at the present time. Concerning the method to convert CO2 to useful organic resource by the hydrogen produced, an experimental value of the maximum production rate of 149g/L/d which is high was obtained in case of acetic acid. Moreover, the paper described an outline and the basic concept of the recycle system of energy and carbon resource which integrates the production of energy from organic waste being considered at the present time and the production of useful matters from CO2. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1984 on research and development commissioned from Sunshine Project. Research and development of water decomposition using the mixed cycle of thermo-chemistry, photo-chemistry, and electro-chemistry; 1984 nendo netsu kagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru suibunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

Researches have been performed on water decomposition by multiplex utilization of solar beam, and the achievements in fiscal 1984 were reported. In fiscal 1984, activity coefficients for iron ions and iodide ions having been discussed by the previous fiscal year were derived, and free energy variation amount and accumulated energy amount generated as a result of photo-chemical reactions were derived. Values derived in the experiment were low, which are the values at room temperatures, and higher values are expected under elevated temperatures. In an experiment using a beam irradiation electrolytic tank, investigations were made on thermo-chemical isolation and electrolytic isolation of HI. Since HI is strongly acidic, it does not get liberated unless phosphoric acid concentration and temperature are increased, which is a condition opposing to easiness of the photo-chemical reaction. Therefore, an experiment on HI was performed not only on isolation due to heat, but also isolation by electrolysis, where the intended result was obtained. The mixed system of a photo-chemical system and an electrolytic system requires a system configuration that considers dynamic matching conditions, for which a system to perform measurements simultaneously on a large number of kinds was found effective. (NEDO)

Survey on econometric analysis of oil substitute energy; Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the econometric analysis of petroleum substitution energy, a domestic econometric model was developed which can concretely and econometrically grasp and analyze effects of measures taken for environmental policies, energy conservation, promotion of new energy, etc. The model was made so synthetic as to catch a relationship between energy supply/demand and changes of econosocial structures in economic growth, industrial structure, life style, etc. which are extremely important elements for catching future energy demand. The model is composed of a secondary energy price model, a new energy introduction model, and an energy supply/demand model. As case parameters, selected were the price of crude oil, introduction of new energy, GDP and energy conservation, and the following cases were assumed: standard case, high price energy case, new energy introduction promotion case, low economic growth case, energy conservation case, and low energy demand case. The results of simulating each of these cases were indicated. 91 figs., 110 tabs.

Analysis and scavenging effect of acid fog. Sanseimu no kagaku sosei to senjo koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Igawa, M.; Hoka, E.; Hosono, T.; Iwase, K.; Nagashima, T. (Kanagawa University, Yokohama (Japan). Faculty of Engineering)

1991-05-10

Fog samples were collected for analysis at Mt. Ohyama, the east edge of Tanzawa Mountains in the southwest of Kanto plains. Then, rainwater and aerosol that becomes the core of droplet were analyzed and measured values were compared. As a result, the pH value of the fog samples for 2 years from 1988 to 1990 ranged between 2.6 and 7.0, and the mean pH value was 3.95. According to the measurement of major component concentration of fogwater, rainwater, and aerosol, it was found that concentration of fogwater changed significantly depending on the day but every ion concentration was higher than that of rainwater. The equivalent concentration ratio of sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and chloride ions were almost equal. The concentration value of fogwater varied a lot with the course of time and became higher during the formation and the dissipation of fog. Through the analysis of such changes, atmospheric scavenging effect of precipitation of fogwater upon the trees and the earth surface was observed. It means that pollutants with high concentration were loaded on the plants and the earth surface. 23 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

Education effect of solar car for technical high school student; Kogyo kokosei ni taisuru solar car no kyoiku koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, T.

1998-09-30

The solar car race which technical high school students can join in was determined to be held at Ogata village, Akita prefecture. To join in the solar bicycle race, the author working in Ofuna technical high school called on 3 schools of Yokosuka, Fujisawa and Kanagawa technical high schools which joined in World Solar-Car Rally in Akita (WSR) in 1997, before fabrication of a racing bicycle. This paper describes the survey results at the above technical high schools, and the spirit as the teacher of Ofuna technical high school on joining in the race and fabrication of the solar bicycle, and the past, current and future situations. Club activities of high school students incline too toward sports such as soccer, baseball, volleyball and rugby, and are apt to keep honest cultural events and technical events at a distance. The author says that the challenge spirit to the solar car race using environment-friendly solar energy by both dedicated teachers and students of technical high schools summoned up the author`s courage. 15 figs.

Treatment of waste water miscible cutting fluids in automobile manufacturing; Jidosha kogyo ni okeru suiyosei sessakuyuzai no haieki shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ono, H. [Yushiro Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-09-01

Water-soluble cutting fluids are able to be used for several months to several years if the proper periodical management is carried out. However, the used solution should be treated as waste water when the function-recovery thereof becomes remarkable difficult. On this occasion, the treated solution (drainage) ought to meet the environmental standards prescribed for the purpose of protecting globe environment. Many cases in Japan are that the strict rules are set by each urban and rural prefectures addition to the government ordinance. For carrying out the treatment of waste water efficiently, it is necessary to construct the treating system by mastering the characteristics of waste water and selecting the most suitable one from numerous treating methods. In this paper, after the description on the water-polluting substances and drainage standards, the general treating method of waste water miscible cutting fluids is described. Finally, the concrete cases with respect to the treatment of waste water treatment in automobile manufacturing factories are introduced. 5 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs.

Effect of water pollution on marine organisms; Sekiyu osen no kaiyo seibutsu eno eikyo hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ogata, M. [Okayama Univ., Okayama (Japan); Fujisawa, K. [Okayama Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Station, Okayama (Japan)

1997-10-10

Toxicity of petroleum component to aquatic organisms appears as a result of its deposition onto living organisms followed by its migration into bodies of the organisms, and emergence of toxicity from the migrated component. Effect evaluation processes standing on this viewpoint may include the exposure monitoring or migration monitoring, in which the petroleum component migrated into marine organisms is analyzed and the state of the component concentrated in these organisms is measured, or effect monitoring, in which actions of the petroleum component in the organisms are investigated. The effects of petroleum on aquatic organisms would include the following occurrence: direct fatal toxicity acting on cells and membranes, quasi-fatal toxicity causing death indirectly through feeding actions and abnormal actions, direct coating of oil on surface of organisms, which prevents movability and feeding actions of the organisms and reduces hydrophilicity of plumes and hairs, pollution of living organisms due to migration of carcinogenic aromatic compounds into bodies of the living organisms, and change in species compositions and geographic distribution of living organisms due to change in physico-chemical environment. This paper explains cases of detection and identification of organic sulfur compounds, aromatic compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds, paraffins, olefins and heavy metals in parametric compounds of petroleum. 20 refs., 4 figs., 3 tabs.

Special issue on frontiers of chemistry related to electrical and electronic engineering. Part 4.; Artificial photosynthesis and photoelectrochemistry; Denki/denshi kogaku ga hiraku atarashii kagaku no sekai. 4.; Jinko hikari gosei to hikari denki kagaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuo, T [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1993-09-20

Since light can be transformed into electricity, electrolysis of water using light is possible naturally, and photosynthesis in the nature is based on this principle. The reaction field in which electrochemical energy necessary for decomposition of water is generated using light at the first process of photosynthesis is a biofilm less than 10nm thick which is called thylakoid film. In this article, the effects are roughly explained which have been made for constructing an artificial system corresponding to the thylakoid film. Accumulation of knowledge of the molecular level is necessary for the construction of the artificial system and the three dimensional structure concerning the reaction center of photosynthetic bacteria has been determined. At the reaction center, oxidation species of electron donor and reduction species of electron acceptor are generated by charge separation which succeeds electron excitation by light energy. In order to lead the above process to materialistic production, efforts are being made for construction of a reaction center model compound for artificial photosynthesis from both physical chemistry and organic chemistry and the positive results have steadily been obtained in the development of photocatalysis of a semiconductor. 9 figs.

Concerning problems of petroleum refining facilities. ; Promote international lateral work sharing, and strengthening of infrastructures in petroleum industry. Sekiyu seisei setsubi mondai ni tsuite. ; Kokusei suihei bungyo no suishin to sekiyu sangyo no kiban kyoka wo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1991-06-05

This paper discusses how to promote international lateral work sharing and how to strengthen infrastructures in the petroleum industry, as a problem prevailing over the petroleum refining facilities in Japan. Excess distillation facilities have been applied with the disposition policy. However, in view of the supply and demand situation in petroleum products for medium to long term span in the world with the pan-Pacific region as the main concern, that applicable to Japan, and that experienced during the Persian Gulf crisis, the excess facility disposition policy was revised, particularly on white kerosene, of which supply and demand tightness is concerned about, so that production capacities may be increased as required. Japan, a large presence in the international economics, is required to work more positively on petroleum refining facilities located in the oil producing countries and intermediate locations to promote the international lateral work sharing. On the one hand, in order to strengthen the infrastructures in the Japanese petroleum industry, it is necessary to promote rationalization and use at higher efficiency of the oil supply system, and convergence of the the petroleum industry, including joint investments for projects exceeding capabilities of individual enterprises. 3 tabs.

Education for hydraulics and pneumatics in Nara National College of Technology; Nara Kogyo Koto Senmon Gakko ni okeru yukuatsu kyoiku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hayakawa, Y. [Nara Technical Coll., Nara (Japan)

2000-03-15

In the electronic control engineering course, basic knowledge is taught for mechanics, electronics/electricity, control, robotics, information processing, etc., with the purpose of bringing up practical mechatronics engineers, and then, training is conducted so that the students are able to deal with these subjects comprehensively. In the subject of hydraulics and pneumatics for the special course, a lecture on hydraulic and pneumatic control is given in the second year, where structures of hydraulic and pneumatic actuators are explained as well as the principle of operation and the control method. As the related experiment, measurement of liquid viscosity coefficient and flow measurement by a Venturi tube are carried out in the fourth year of the regular course. In addition, carried out in the fifth year are the measurement of stress by trailing velocity distribution of an object and the measurement of pressure distribution around a column. As a subject for graduation theses, a mobile carrier for welfare nursing is being developed using a pneumatic actuator. Development of a suitable actuator is also being developed simultaneously. In the education of electronic control engineering, it is essential to give the students understanding of hydraulic and pneumatic actuator control centering on the role of mechatronics. (NEDO)

Achievement report on industrial science and technology research and development in fiscal 2000. Research and development of synergy ceramics (Research and development of technology to prevent corrosion in petroleum production systems); 2000 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Achievements in fiscal 2000 were put into order for research and development of synergy ceramics aimed at completion of high temperature energy materials and ultra-precision materials. Activities were taken in the following four areas: 1) materialization technologies and advanced assessment and design technologies, 2) application technologies, 3) common basic technologies, and 4) assessment on composite function manifestation process. In Item 1), discussions were given on ultra-precision materials, high temperature energy materials, member designing basic technologies, materials to detect stress and microfine destruction, pore pattern controlling porous materials, and self-restoration and self-lubrication functioning materials. In Item 2), discussions were given on material and light selection functioning materials, high abrasion resistant and easy-to-process materials, high performance resistance materials for electric power devices, and flexible sliding materials. In the material and light selection functioning materials, their material selecting function was manifested by controlling micro pores through xerogelation on inorganic and organic hybrids. In the assessment of the composite function manifesting process, the wet type forming process was assessed, that uses microfine powder for model parts assuming cut members. (NEDO)

Present developmental conditions of petroleum substituting energies in France; Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (France)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The French Government most enthusiastically promotes development of bio-gasoline in renewable energy field. EU makes pressure to remove the French Government`s fiscal advantages for bio-gasoline which only benefit French farmers, and the IEA (International Energy Agency) report also estimates no benefit corresponding to the fiscal support cost. Start of the `Eolien 2005` project is attractive in renewable energy field which aims at construction of wind power generation stations of 250-500MW by 2005. The `Eolien 2005` project is mainly supported by Electricite de France (EDF) who guarantees the purchase of produced electric power at a submitted price. In addition to this subsidy activity, EDF decided to positively tackle renewable energy. On R and D efforts for renewable energy, France belongs to the most poor countries among IEA countries, and in addition, the effort is considerably concentrated onto the study on reduction of production cost for bio-gasoline. There were no changes in this situation in 1996. 7 refs., 5 figs., 31 tabs.

Present developmental conditions petroleum substituting energies in the EU; Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (EU)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This report outlines the policy of development and introduction of petroleum substituting energies, and its diffusion situation in the EU. On the policy, development, introduction and diffusion of petroleum substituting energies in the EU, based on the new EU energy white paper issued in fiscal 1996, the policy of energy and environment in every EU country is first outlined. The policy of and practical approach to petroleum substituting energies in every EU country are next described. In particular, since ALTENER which has been continuously promoted by the EU for 3 years as main control measures against CO2 is newly moving toward the second plan, the trend of ALTENER and the new SAVE2 plan are presented. The content of JOULE-THERMIE is also precisely presented which is the new energy program of the 4th framework R & D program. In relation to the developmental trend of alternative energies to oil in the EU until 2020, its prediction result is presented on the basis of the latest study promoted by EC committee in the ALTENER plan. 10 tabs.

Y2K of the society of chemical engineers, Japan; Kagaku kogakukai no 2000nen mondai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kataoka, K. [Kobe University, Kobe (Japan)

2000-01-05

In this paper, the coming problem of the Y2K problems by the cataclysm of economic society that the Society of Chemical Engineers holds is described. And it is explained in dividing into the present problems for the development of the Society of Chemical Engineers, a science and technology promotion policy, a university/industry cooperation, a regional cooperation, an internationality and international contribution, an effect of an independent administrative corporation of national universities, the movement of a future plan, the terms of member needs and a base establishment. In the paragraph of the movement of a future plan, the facts that a basic philosophy of the Society of Chemical Engineers was suggested standing on the report of the Vision Settlement Preparation Committee organized in 1998, the Chemical Industry Vision 2011 Settlement Committee was inaugurated for constituting its future images and the Working Group composed of the members of the Industry Institute in their forties leading the next generation was established is introduced. (NEDO)

Safety (management and technology). Safety of chemical materials; Anzen (manejimento to tekunoroji). Kagaku busshitsu no anzensei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshida, T. [Hosei Univ., Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-08-05

In chemical materials there exist hazardous materials causing health damages, environmental pollution, fires and explosions. The hazard analysis has been noted as a means for preventing accidents due to chemical materials. This means leads to an effective method of recognizing hazard, evaluating the risk, and lowering the degree of hazard to an allowable level. This paper describes a hazard analysis of autoreactive materials, out of chemical materials causing fires and explosions, which may react by theirselves and cause accidents. In particular, an example is introduced in which this hazard analysis method is adapted to an experimental production of the next generation gas generating agent for automobile collision safety air-bags. In this manufacturing process, in kneading and granulating processes where lots of materials are handled, materials are used in a moistened state, thus countermeasures for preventing occurrence of combustion and explosion being taken. 5 refs., 2 figs., 4 tabs.

Microbial decomposition and bio-remediation of chemical substances. Kagaku busshitsu no biseibutsu bunkai to bio remediation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujita, M [Osaka University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1993-08-01

This paper summarizes studies on evaluation of breeding and bio-degradability of decomposition bacteria in bio-remediation, and births and deaths of microorganisms. Structural genes in a phenol decomposition path were separated by means of shotgun cloning. The phe B genes having been taken out were inserted into parent stocks to produce combined stocks for use in phenol decomposition. With 100 mg/l of phenol, the combined stocks showed better performance in both decomposition and multiplication than the parent stocks. When the phenol concentration increases, the rate controlling process changes and loses its effect. Decomposition of trichloroethylene progressed quickly with combined stocks derived from phe A, a phenol decomposed gene. Separated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) decomposing bacteria were used for PVA decomposition. As a result, it was found that microorganisms are required that utilize intermediately produced low-molecular compounds for multiplication. Combined stocks with E. coli C600 stocks inserted with phe B were prepared to discuss births and deaths of microorganisms in activated sludge. A number of findings was obtained. 6 refs., 10 figs.

Microchemical device based on microscopic bilayer lipid membranes; Bisho 2 bunshimaku wo mochiiita maikuro kagaku debaisu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yokoyama, H. [Electrotechnical Lab., Ibaraki (Japan)

1996-04-01

If an organism is regarded as a macromolecular system, the element device to construct the same is the molecular structure of nano meter scale formed by the functional protein existing in biomembranes. A lot of essential functions of organism such as the sense reception including vision, gustation, etc., photosynthesis, energy-substance production and so on are performed therein. In this paper, the structure, preparing process and the functions of the microchemical device using micro-bilipid membranes are described. The simulation of the sense receiving functions of organisms is tried by said microchemical device wherein, same as biomembranes, the base is bilayer lipid molecular membrane and the receptive protein for receiving signals from exterior and output molecules such as ion channels connected to said receptive protein and the like are incorporated in the membranes. Recently, it becomes possible to make a partial imaging of the bilayer lipid membranes fixed on porous membrane by the observation with scanning Maxwell-stress microscope. 4 refs., 3 figs.

Renoprotective effects of topiroxostat for hyperuremic patients with overt diabetic nephropathy study (ETUDE Study): A prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Mizukoshi, Toshihiro; Kato, Sawako; Ando, Masahiko; Sobajima, Hiroshi; Ohashi, Norimi; Naruse, Tomohiko; Saka, Yosuke; Shimizu, Hideaki; Nagata, Takanobu; Maruyama, Shoichi

2017-10-09

We aimed to evaluate the anti-albuminuric effects of topiroxostat in Japanese hyperuricemic patients with diabetic nephropathy. In this 24-week, multicenter, open-label, randomized (1:1) trial, we assigned hyperuricemic patients with diabetic nephropathy (estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 20 mL/min/1.73m 2 ) and overt proteinuria (0.3 ≤ urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR) <3.5 g/g Cr) to either high dose (160 mg daily) or low dose (40 mg daily) topiroxostat. The primary endpoint was the change in albuminuria indicated by urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) from the baseline at the final time point. A total of 80 patients underwent randomization. The changes in UACR after 24 weeks of treatment (or at the final time point if patients failed to reach 24 weeks) relative to the baseline were -122 mg/gCr (95% CI: -5.1 to -240.1, P = 0.041) in patients treated with high dose, while treatment with low dose topiroxostat could not show significant reduction (P = 0.067). In the linear mixed model including baseline albuminuria, eGFR, age, and sex as covariates, the decreases in UACR were still significant from baseline to 12 weeks by 228.7 ± 83.2 mg/gCr (P = 0.0075) in the high dose group. The adverse-event profile during this study was not different between the groups. Topiroxostat 160 mg daily reduced albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy. (Funded by Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho; Trial registration, UMIN000015403). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Industrial science and technology research and development institutions in fiscal 2000. Research and development of human media (Report on achievements in research and development of high-level information system for petroleum plant); 2000 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido. Human media no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (sekiyu plant kodo johoka system gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Having selected a petroleum refining plant as a large and complex system, a system was developed, that is capable of operating safely and efficiently a plant even by young operators by utilizing the human media technology that realizes information environment having a sense of unity with humans. With this system, if an anomaly is detected in the plant condition, the agent and the operator talk with each other freely, and necessary items of information are displayed on a large screen from moment to moment according to the priority thereof. Activities were taken in the following nine areas: 1) the total system, 2) research on an interface agent, 3) research on hypothetic plant indication interface, 4) research on a discrete cooperative treatment technology, 5) research on plant models and interface systems, 6) research on plant ontology, 7) research on significance indication interface, 8) improvement of tools to structure a large-screen integrated indication system, and 9) investigations on technological trends in foreign countries. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the R and D of industrial scientific technology. R and D of synergistic ceramics (R and D of corrosion prevention technology for the petroleum production system); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

To heighten durability and safety of materials/parts for undersea oil drilling, the development of ceramic base materials was made by developing function harmony type process technology which harmonizes on a high grade contrary characteristics and various functions. The paper summed up the fiscal 1997 results. In the design of system formation, computational simulation technology was developed to the composite process and the diploid system. The development of multifunction simultaneous manifestation materials was trially made by the higher nano structure process. A study was made of control of microstructures of porous materials and matrix filling by the gas phase precipitation control. Proposed were selective control of grain growth from species crystals and the columnar particle orientation laminated structure of simultaneous manifestation of strength and toughness. By composite precipitation reaction control, studied were simultaneous dispersion of whisker and increase in density of matrixes, and harmonization with long fibers. Silicon nitride was trially made with low lubrication/friction coefficients and high strength. A simulation method for crack progress behavior evaluation was developed using a testing notched specimen heterogeneous microstructures. Analyses were made of brittle fracture mechanics and reliability evaluation. 273 refs., 344 figs., 29 tabs.

Present situation of the development of petroleum substitution energy (Germany); Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Doitsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper investigates and reports the developmental trend of petroleum substitution energy in Germany. Policies for the technical development and actual introduction of petroleum substitution energy in Germany are concerned with three energies: coal, natural gas, and new energy, except nuclear energy the use of which is against public opinion. Coal is the only abundant domestic resource, but not internationally competitive because of its cost. Brown coal obtained from the open pit mining is an abundant and low-cost domestic resource, but has the environmental problem. The latest technology is actually being introduced in which the thermal power generation is integrated into gasification, and the gas/steam turbine power generation. Natural gas is advancing in the use as energy source for space heating substituting for brown coal. The technology development of new energy is promoted mainly on such wind power and solar energy as are called renewable energy. As to the development of technology using renewable energy for which the rapid increasing use is not expected in near future, the target is directed mostly to CO2 control and the third world where there are no public electric power nets. 30 refs., 10 figs., 8 tabs.

Present conditions and future tasks of Japan`s ship machinery industry; Nihon hakuyo kogyo no genjo to kongo no kadai ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akahoshi, S. [Ministry of Transportation, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-09-01

Although Japan`s shipbuilding industry has been maintaining a seat for the first place in the world over 30 years or more in a contract award quantity for the new shipbuilding work, Korea got ahead of Japan and has come to be a top at the first time in 1993. Even though the various factors could be thought, it has become a turning point to be reconsidered how Japan`s shipbuilding industry should be from now on for the naval architects and persons concerned in Japan. While Japan`s production of the maritime industrial products has been in general showing the recovering tendency by a demand restoration of the large scale vessels and so forth since 1987 afterward, on the other hand, affected by an influence of the recession of the world economic activities, the total production amount in 1993 has turned to a little bit decrease and its amount was 831.8 billion yen (a ratio to the previous year: 96.4%). Though a business environment surrounding the maritime industry, in order to successively continue the work shop site inside this country as an important industry through this industry from now on, it is thought that a restoration of the price competition should be made an effort on one hand by a standardization of the maritime equipments and tools making an exclusion of the wastefulness as an object, and a strengthening of the international competitiveness at the non-price aspects such as a functionality of the products, a reliability and so forth is indispensable on the other hand. 6 figs., 3 tabs.

NEDO coal mining structure adjustment subcommittee. 18th project report meeting; NEDO sekitan kogyo kozo chosei bunkakai. Dai 18 kai jigyo hokokukai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

Concerning the subject matter, a NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) director Keishiro Kawamo reports on NEDO's projects designed to smoothly implement the 'new coal policy'. Nobuaki Terasaka, chief of the planning division, coal and new energy department, Agency of Natural Resources and Energy, takes up the current status of the coal policy and the tasks it faces, and discusses, predicting the development of the coal policy, the assurance of stable supply of coal from abroad, development of clean coal technologies that will rightly deal with the world-wide environmental problems, and the international diffusion of the clean coal technologies and the completion of the basement therefor. Concerning the 'development of zeolite-related commodities,' a report is delivered on the manufacture of a soil improving material and a deodorant for fish grill from zeolite found rich in coal layers of Pacific Coal Mine Co., Ltd. Concerning the 'polycrystalline diamond manufacturing project,' a polycrystalline diamond synthesizing method making use of the blasting technique employed at coal mines is reported. (NEDO)

Removal of chemical substances from the atmosphere by photocatalysis; Hikarishokubai ni yoru kiso kagaku busshitsu no jokyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takeuchi, K; Kutsuna, S [National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba (Japan)

1996-01-25

Suppression at a source is the principle of suppressing air pollution caused by vapor phase chemical substances. For the case of these substances with extremely low concentrations, discussions were given on decomposition by means of photocatalysts (that utilize solar light) to directly purify them in the atmospheric condition. Catalysis takes place in providing and receiving electrons, that is, oxidation and reduction of the electrons, under light irradiation by using photocatalysts in which light excites and causes internal electrons to migrate freely. Titanium oxide was found effective because it is high in catalytic activity, stable chemically, and harmless. Photodecomposition reaction of chlorinated organic compounds on TiO2 proceeds very fast except for fluorocarbons. In practical use, the catalyst must be fixed so that no catalyst powder will scatter around. Porous TiO2 sheets were, therefore, manufactured using fluorine resin as a binder. The sheets were used to have removed successfully NOx, SO2 and low-grade aldehyde with concentrations from 0.01 to 10 ppm (corresponding to gases discharged from a tunnel). Since the catalyst can function even under solar light, it can remove NOx during daytime, and can be regenerated by precipitation (passive environment purification). The catalyst was verified effective when used on roads in urban areas. 16 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.

Electrode of solid state polymer electrolyte type electrochemical cell; Kobunshi kotai denkaisitsugata denki kagaku seru yo denkyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, M [Yamanashi, (Japan); Inoue, M [Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-04-12

The solid state polymer electrolyte type electrochemical cell (PEMFC) has such problem that the gas diffusion from the resin surface to the catalyst surface is prevented when the coating thickness of cation exchange resin on the catalyst particle and the number of micropores which conduct the gas flow in the catalyst layer are reduced. Resultingly, a sufficiently large current cannot be taken out of the cell. This invention solves the problem. The catalyst layer of electrode of PEMFC consists of a mixture of the conductive catalyst carrier coated with cation exchange resin and the conductive carrier coated with fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer. Adding the water repellent material to the electrode in this way improves the air-passing porosity. As for the cation exchange resin, perfluorocarbon sulfonate or perfluorocarbon carboxylate can be used. For the fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer, fluorinated polyethylene is preferably used. 4 figs., 2 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of the next generation chemical process technology/development of the non-halogen chemical process technology; 2000 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu non halogen kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of conserving energy and reducing environmental loads, the R and D were conducted of a new chemical process (non-halogen chemical process) using new catalytic reaction, etc., and the FY 2000 results were summed up. As to the development of a new method to synthesize isocyanate, the development was proceeded with of a method to synthesize diisocyanate by the dicarbamate reaction and pyrolysis of the carbamate, and the effect of catalyst on the yield of carbamate reaction was grasped. Concerning the development of a new synthetic method of epoxides, the development was proceeded with of the catalyst for synthesizing propylene oxides from propylene and hydrogen/oxygen, and conditions were obtained for preparation of a catalyst of the basic catalytic system and with reproducibility. Moreover, the development was proceeded with of a new catalyst used in doing epoxidation of 1-butene using the organic system hydroperoxide. Concerning the development of a new method to synthesize phenol, a promising system was found out by finding out the basic catalytic system of oxidation acetoxyl reaction and proceeding with the search for co-catalyst, carrier, etc. (NEDO)

Current srate and problems in Japanese petroleum development. ; International trends in petroleum development and problems in Japanese devepment business. Waga kuni sekiyu kaihatsu no genjyo to mondai ten. ; Sekiyu kaihatsu no kokusai doko to waga kuni kaihatsu jigyo no kasai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1991-11-05

Petroleum production and its supply and demand require ever closer coordinations among the countries involved. On the other hand, however, there a large number of difficult questions as the problems of global environmental pollution and greenhouse effects increase their seriousness and the economic resources in the petroleum business become scarcer. This paper describes the current state of the Japanese petroleum development, the necessity of spontaneous petroleum development, the international trends in the petroleum development business, and the tasks for Japan in the petroleum development business. Japan is a late comer in the petroleum development business. There are such difficulties as sizes of oil fields being discoverd are becoming smaller, the natural conditions in development target areas are getting severer, and the economic effects are inferior. Japan, whose petroleum self-supply rate is about 0.3%, whose petroleum dependency is heightening as a result of increase in nuclear power generation, and who is the third largest petroleum consuming country next to the U.S.A and Soviet, must use efficiently her financial and technical powers to vitalize her spontaneous petroleum development. Japan has a duty to contribute to the world {prime}s future stabilized supply of oil. The Japanese Government has launched the five-year fund development plan to perform basic surveys for ail in the north-east part of the Japan Sea and the pacific Ocean.

Construction of the quantitative analysis environment using Monte Carlo simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shirakawa, Seiji; Ushiroda, Tomoya; Hashimoto, Hiroshi; Tadokoro, Masanori; Uno, Masaki; Tsujimoto, Masakazu; Ishiguro, Masanobu; Toyama, Hiroshi

2013-01-01

The thoracic phantom image was acquisitioned of the axial section to construct maps of the source and density with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The phantom was Heart/Liver Type HL (Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) single photon emission CT (SPECT)/CT machine was Symbia T6 (Siemence) with the collimator LMEGP (low-medium energy general purpose). Maps were constructed from CT images with an in-house software using Visual studio C Sharp (Microsoft). The code simulation of imaging nuclear detectors (SIMIND) was used for MC simulation, Prominence processor (Nihon Medi-Physics) for filter processing and image reconstruction, and the environment DELL Precision T7400 for all image processes. For the actual experiment, the phantom was given 15 MBq of 99m Tc assuming the uptake 2% at the dose of 740 MBq in its myocardial portion and SPECT image was acquisitioned and reconstructed with Butter-worth filter and filter back projection method. CT images were similarly obtained in 0.3 mm thick slices, which were filed in one formatted with digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM), and then processed for application to SIMIND for mapping the source and density. Physical and mensuration factors were examined in ideal images by sequential exclusion and simulation of those factors as attenuation, scattering, spatial resolution deterioration and statistical fluctuation. Gamma energy spectrum, SPECT projection and reconstructed images given by the simulation were found to well agree with the actual data, and the precision of MC simulation was confirmed. Physical and mensuration factors were found to be evaluable individually, suggesting the usefulness of the simulation for assessing the precision of their correction. (T.T.)

Present situation of the development of petroleum substitution energy (East Europe); Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Too)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In East European countries (Albania, Bulgaria, Czech, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Rumania and former Yugoslavia), energy prices were raised as part of the general price reform in the initial stage of the economic reform. Trade regulations on energy products were relaxed, and prices of tradable energy products were made free. Even in countries such as Rumania and Bulgaria where there still remain controls, the governments aim at perfect liberalization. Thus, this paper first considered the energy situation of East European countries where economy and society are now changing. Described were the overall economy situation and energy supply/demand in East European countries. Next, the paper detailed the energy situation in Hungary and Poland. In conclusion, the paper considered energy and international cooperation, and Pan-european Energy Charter which are important future issues in the energy sector of East European countries. 10 refs., 36 figs., 26 tabs.

Japan-EU joint research project on petroleum substituting energy; Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren kyodo kenkyu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Four EU research workers were invited from Portugal, Italy and France for promoting R & D of petroleum substituting energies in Japan. The joint research on the wide area energy use network system (advanced district cooling and heating) includes the experimental technology for measuring heat transfer acceleration and drag reduction, evaluation of rheological characteristics of fluid, and development and selection of an adequate composition equation of fluid. The joint research on MCFC includes the test method and procedure of components and cells in relation to corrosion by molten carbonate, elution of NiO cathodes, electrode modeling and alternative materials for cathodes. The joint research on geothermal gases includes the research method of fumarolic gases such as volcanic gas and geothermal gas, applications in Italian geothermal fields and the relation of geothermal gases with the origin of fluid, deep conditions and volcanic activity. In addition, the joint research on light energy conversion (energy transfer system between binuclear metal complexes) and the performance and use of metal complexes as catalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel cells was also performed. 52 refs., 20 figs., 3 tabs.

Monitoring of EOR operations by electrical prospecting. 2; Denki tansaho ni yoru sekiyu kyosei kaishuho no monitoring. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ushijima, K; Mizunaga, H; Tanaka, T; Masuda, K [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Tamagawa, T [Japex Jeoscience Institute, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-01

Fluid flow tomography (FFT) was applied to monitor the behavior of underground fluid in steam enhanced oil recovery (EOR) for oil sand reservoirs. FFT uses electrode arrangement of a mise-a-la-masse method, and continuously measures time variation in charged and spontaneous potential at various surface points to obtain realtime the images of underground seepage flow. It continuously measures ground surface potentials of 120 channels at intervals of 2s by applying alternative DC between a casing pipe and distant current electrode. It separates charged and spontaneous potential components, and converts them into time series data. It estimates the time and spacial distributions of seepage flow from time variation in spontaneous potential. It determines the change rate distribution of time-sliced apparent resistivity from charged potential to estimate the scale and area of seepage flow. As the experimental result, positive and negative electrodes in the change rate distribution were observed, and the direction connecting each electrode agreed with that of resistivity anomaly. FFT could observe realtime time variation in apparent resistivity due to steam injection. 9 refs., 7 figs.

Present situation of the development of petroleum substitution energy (E.U.); Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (EU)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper investigates and reports policies for and the developmental trend of petroleum substitution energy in the E.U. The technology of 18 wind turbine makers in West Europe is on a level that they can almost sell MW-class turbines for practical use. The wind turbine industry in Denmark is on a level of No.1 of the world, and occupies approximately 50% of the world market share. The capacity of the wind power generation in Germany which finished the installation at the end of 1995 exceeded 1000 MW. EEWC has recently been established as an organization for using waste as energy. Municipal solid wastes discharged in West Europe are regarded to be equivalent to 5% of all the power demand there. In Spain, biomass is a petroleum substitution energy source which is most used. A target amount for the use set by the government is equal to 427000 tons in oil. Biomass is most used in the residential field, and it is mainly the use of agricultural and forestry wastes as fuel. Rapeseed oil is studied as fuel for bio car. In Denmark, production of rapeseed as fuel use crop is increasing. 14 refs.

Present situation of the development of petroleum substitution energy (The UK); Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Eikoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With relation to the petroleum substitution energy in the U.K., the paper states measures taken for the development and introduction and the state of spread. Introduced were the U.K., energy policy described by energy field, petroleum and natural gas, coal, nuclear power, electric power, renewable energy (petroleum substitution energy), and the policy on energy conservation and the recent trend. Further, the paper took up the environmental policy relating to global warming which is an environmental problem in close connection with the energy industry and described the present status of exhaust gas such as acid rain gas and ozonospherial destruction gas, target for reduction of exhaust gas, and the present situation of exhaust gas at power plant. Explained were the positioning of and the measures for the petroleum substitution energy which was incorporated into a part of the energy policy in the U.K., especially the recent trend of obligation to use non-fossil fuel. First, the order of priority of the governmental policies was introduced, and then the NFFO order was described which was to give reliable fund base to the development toward the practical use of petroleum substitution energy. The paper also commented on recent topics on the state of the practical use of petroleum substitution energy. 2 figs., 7 tabs.

Construction method with prestressed connection of precast prestressed concrete using composite slab with multi-round opening web. Bibai factory office building of Dopi Kensetsu Kogyo Co; Web bu ni renzoku enkei kaiko wo yusuru PC gosei yukaita wo mochiita PC kumitate koho. Dopi kensetsu kogyo (kabu) Bibai kojo jimushoto shinchiku koji

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuramochi, H.; Nakai, J.; Arai, S.; Toriya, T.

1997-07-31

This report summarizes the experimental result on the structural performance of precast prestressed concrete (PC) composite slab work, and a construction method with prestressed connection of PC. Although a double T type precast PC slab (DT board) is frequently used as buried form for slabs, it requires extremely complex bar arrangement and complicated works. The reinforcement method of supports using deformed hair pin type bars was thus devised which has a structural performance higher than that of the previous methods as well as simple bar arrangement and superior workability. For the reinforced DT board (DP slab) and the composite slab construction method using the DP slab, the structural safety and retained use environment were confirmed by structural performance test and construction test. The foundation and footing beam of the Bibai factory office building were constructed by the conventional method considering the construction method, while the column, beam and floor by this method using PCa members. The upper building frame was thus completed for as short as 23 days. 5 refs., 15 figs., 4 tabs.

Competition policy in patent cases and antitrust.

Science.gov (United States)

Sobel, Gerald

2003-01-01

The article that follows examines the competition policy reflected in the decisions of the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in its patent cases. The court's views on this subject have been manifested most plainly in decisions that have transformed the law concerning infringement under the doctrine of equivalents and claim construction. In both categories, the court narrowed patent scope by reason of its desire to protect competitors. The article argues that the court's premise in prescribing narrower claim scope reflected an incomplete view of competition policy. The court's analysis overlooked the benefits to competition provided by patents, which stimulate inventions and their development. The article traces the development of antitrust jurisprudence and demonstrates how respect for the contribution of patents to competition and skepticism of free-riding has evolved, particularly beginning in the 1970s. The article draws a parallel between the Court's reasoning about competition policy, on the one hand, and the rejected views of Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas and abandoned patent-antitrust jurisprudence, on the other. The Federal Circuit's decision in Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., Ltd., 234 F.3d 558 (Fed. Cir. 2000), on the subject of equivalents is considered in the paper. In that decision, the majority adopted a new rule that completely barred infringement under the doctrine of equivalents of any claim limitation where, in prosecution, there had been a narrowing amendment relating to patentability. In the past, prosecution estoppel foreclosing equivalents had been subject to a "flexible bar," which, in some circumstances, allowed for equivalence notwithstanding such an amendment. The article points out that because almost all patents are amended during prosecution, the effect would be to allow widespread copying of patented inventions by trivial modifications of any narrowed claim limitation. The incentive to innovate

Coal Liquefaction characteristics and chemical structure of product oil; Sekitan ekika hanno tokusei to seiseibutsu no kagaku kozo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Endo, H.; Sato, M.; Chiba, T.; Hattori, H. [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan). Center for Advanced Research of Energy Technology; Sasaki, M. [Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute, Sapporo (Japan)

1996-10-28

Through the hydrogenolysis of Wandoan coal and Tanito Harum coal which are used for the NEDOL process, differences of liquefaction characteristics between them were found. The purpose of this study is to grasp these differences as differences of chemical structures of oil fractions. The compound type analysis was conducted for oil fractions obtained at varied reaction temperature for varied reaction time. Coal liquefaction characteristics of these coals were discussed by relating oil yields and chemical structures. For Tanito Harum coal, yields of gas and oil were considered to be lower than those for Wandoan coal, which reflected that the contents of partially hydrogenated hydroaromatics in oil fraction from the former were lower than those from the latter, and that the remarkable change of composition did not occur with the progress of the reaction. For both the coals, the remarkable changes in the average molecular weight of oil fraction were not observed with the progress of the reaction. While, the content of methane gradually increased with the progress of the reaction, which suggested that oil was gradually dealkylated. 5 figs.

Application of cytotoxicity test for toxic micropollutants. Saibo dokusei shiken ni yoru yugai kagaku busshitsu osen no hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Utsumi, H; Hamada, A [Showa University, Tokyo (Japan). School of Pharmaceutical Science; Ono, Y [National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, Tokyo (Japan)

1992-10-01

Considerations were given from a viewpoint of assessing toxicity to human bodies on methods of assessing water pollutants and organisms, and applicability of cytotoxity test using cultured cells to water quality assessment. Biological assessment systems used for water environment may use tests using multicellular organisms, cells, or organelles in cells. The organism assessment method is intended mainly for assessing ecological effects, and a suitable method must be selected upon extrapolating it to human bodies. A toxicity parameter used most frequently in a cytotoxity test is the cell revival rate, and life and death are determined from liberation of enzymes in cells, or with color rejection tests and incorporation tests. There are a number of test specimens of raw tap water and its chlorine treatment condensate that show no mutagenicity but cytotoxity. Efficiencies of removal by means of mild chlorine treatment, fast filtration, and activated carbon adsorption vary greatly with cytotoxity and mutagenicity. Introducing the cytotoxity test is expected of further contributing to improving safety in water quality. 24 refs., 1 fig., 7 tabs.

Estimation of exposed radiation dose in radiography of the chest. Mainly on the dose at health examination on automobiles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, Shoichi; Oda, Akiko; Ohkura, Masaki

1998-01-01

The exposure doses in radiography and photofluorography of the chest at health examination on automobiles were estimated and compared with those using other hospital equipments. The tube voltage, effective energy and half value layer under ordinary conditions for radiography and fluorography were measured by KYOKKO model 100 X-ray analyzer and output pulse shape was confirmed by the fluorometer (TOREKEY-1001 C). The dose at the body surface was measured by the ionization chambers (VICTOREEN RADCON 500 and 30-330) which had been equipped in the WAC chest phantom (JIS Z 4915, Kyoto Kagaku). Nine automobiles of 3 facilities were used, of which X-ray generating apparatuses of either condenser or inverter type were manufactured by Hitachi (5 machines), Toshiba (1) and Shimadzu (3). The examined apparatuses not for the automobile were Toshiba-20 and Hitachi SIRIUS-100 portable ones and Hitachi DH-1520 TM high-voltage one. The effective energy was found dependent on the tube voltage (100-130 kV) and X-ray generating system (35.1-54.37 keV in the condenser type and 41.1-43.9 keV in the inverter type). Pulse shape analysis revealed that the pulse height and area under the pulse height-time curve were larger in the inverter system. The mean doses in photofluorography and radiography on automobiles were 0.525 and 0.297 mGy, respectively. The mean dose of 0.61 mGy in radiography at home with the portable apparatus was the highest even when compared with that of 0.525 mGy for fluorography on the automobile. Thus, the inverter system on the car can guarantee the level of 0.4 mGy defined by IAEA guideline (Safety series No. 115, 1996). (K.H.)

Present situation of the development of petroleum substitution energy (the U.S.); Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Beikoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper investigates and reports the trend of the development of petroleum substitution energy in the U.S. The Clean Coal Technology Plan is one of the plans which were implemented most successfully in the past several years. The plan made a remarkable reduction in NOx and SOx emissions possible. As for natural gas, importance is placed on improvement of production/storage technology of natural gas and high-effective low-NOx-emission turbines. As to the research on nuclear reactors, importance is now placed on the light water reactor plan, and the target is the design and development of such nuclear reactors as electric power companies pay attention to. The solar cell industry is markedly developing, and the shipment grows 17% per year. However, the price is rapidly declining. The wind turbine and biomass power generation plans are also advanced, and most of the plans are aimed at the development of new fields of application. With regard to geothermal energy, slowness is seen. Concerning electric vehicles, no makers enter into the quantity production, but the research and development are actively being made. 72 refs., 26 figs., 51 tabs.

Trends in business management strategies of major international oil companies; Kokusai sekiyu kigyo meja no keiei senryaku no doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kashio, H. [The Institute of Energy Economics, Tokyo (Japan)

1995-07-01

This paper summarizes the former half part of the analysis made on business strategies of major international oil companies. The net earning of R/D Shell in fiscal 1994 increased by 1.8 billion dollars to 6.3 billion dollars. Its loan rate decreased to 16.7%. It increased the crude oil production by 3% to 2.2 million B/D, and the natural gas production by 1.2% to 7.3 billion cfd. The upstream department had the net earning decreased by 23% to 2.4 billion dollars because of decline in crude oil price. The net earning of the downstream department showed an increase by 20% over that in the previous year to 3.2 billion dollars. The chemical department had its business turned to black ink. The net earning of Exxon in the same year decreased by 200 million dollars to 5.1 billion dollars due to the reduced crude oil price and low refining margin. The upstream and downstream departments showed a decrease of 530 million and 630 million dollars respectively. The chemical department had an increase of 130% to 950 million dollars as a result of the recovery in the European markets. The net earning of Mobile in the same year showed a decrease of 2.1 billion dollars, ending in the amount of 1.1 billion dollars. The decrease has been caused by the decline in crude oil and natural gas prices and a 30% reduction in the refining margin. The chemical department changed for the better, with improved sales margins in oil products sold in overseas markets. 28 figs.

Exchange of researchers of oil substituting energies in EU countries; EU shokoku no sekiyu daitai energy kenkyusha koryu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In order to further promote smoother introduction of oil substituting energies and development of new energies and energy saving technologies, it was intended to exchange and acquire items of information effective to learn the current state and policy trends on research and development of new energies and energy conservation in the EU countries who are the industrialized countries like Japan and enthusiastic in developing oil substituting energies. Therefore, exchange of researchers was carried out with an objective to contribute to research and development of oil substituting energies by deepening mutual understanding on the development efforts and forming efficient cooperative relationship. The researchers who visited Japan are Dr. Robert Durand (France) and Prof. and Dr. Bruno Scrosati (Italy). Dr. Durand has a great knowledge about fuel cells and storage batteries, and Dr. Scrosati about electrolytes and lithium batteries. Both gentlemen have visited the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology and the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, NEDO, Toshiba, Sony, Sanyo Electric, Japan Storage Battery, Matsushita Battery Industry, the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Osaka, and Kansai Electric Power Company. Views and information were exchanged and a number of good results were rewarded.

Fiscal 1999 research report. Simulation analysis on petroleum substituting energy; 1999 nendo sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 research result on simulation analysis on petroleum substituting energy. The simulation model for analyzing social and energy supply and demand structures comprehensively was established by improving the China and Korea models developed in fiscal 1998 through a use of input-output tables. In simulation of the China model, the reference case showed that a primary energy demand in 2030 reaches 3.3 times as much as that in 1997 (2.9 times in CO{sub 2}), resulting in serious energy and environment problems. Reduction of primary energy and CO{sub 2} is possible by promotion of energy saving and introduction of a carbon tax. In simulation of the Korea model, the reference case showed that CO{sub 2} emission in 2030 reaches 2.2 times as much as that in 1997, showing an annual increase rate of 2.4%. The annual increase rate can be reduced by introducing a carbon tax. The simulation model for automobile energy was also established for major countries in Asia. Automobile energy consumption increases with diffusion of automobiles until 2030 gradually. In particular, the consumption in China reaches that in Japan in 2010. (NEDO)

Survey on bio-chemical complex harmonized with global environment. 3; Kankyo chowagata seibutsu kagaku konbinato ni kansuru chosa. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

A survey was conducted of bio-chemical complex harmonized with the global environment for the purpose of constructing the material production process harmonized with the environment by the process fusion between biological conversion and chemical reaction. Palm oil was taken up as renewable raw material plant resource. The process utilizing bio-chemical reaction advances at normal temperature and pressure and is high in reaction specificity and selectivity. This is a recycling, circulation and environmental harmony type production technology which brings high yield, energy conservation, resource conservation, and low environmental loads. Waste water treatment and production of useful substances from sludge were thought as elementary technology. A possibility was studied of enzyme production by culturing solid waste, and the enzyme was applied to the hydrolysis process. The paper indicated trace components in the palm oil and the extraction method and proposed the production process of new derivatives for adding value to hydrolysate. A study was also made of the overall process flow which integrated these new processes and the material balance. The comprehensive evaluation of this new process was made from the aspect of the product structure, the market, construction cost, economical efficiency, and the environment. 133 refs., 65 figs., 56 tabs.

Subjects on geochemical technology for geothermal power plant. Chinetsu hatsudensho ni okeru kagaku kanri gijutsu ni kansuru shomondai. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirowatari, K [Kyushu Electric Power Co. Ltd., Fukuoka (Japan)

1991-04-30

This paper introduces the following technologies and countermeasures found to be successful in solving geochemical problems relating to the maintenance and management of geothermal power plants belonging to Kyushu Electric Power Co., Ltd. In controlling condensate properties,curtailment of pH fluctuation range by changing the injection point of NaOH,inactivation of sulphur bacteria by using chloramphenicol and prevention of slime loading of the condenser strainer by running of the cooling tower without make-up water were achieved. In the environmental countermeasures,it was concluded that Fe-ion injection method was most effective to remove As out of waste hot waters which are all reinjected into the underground formation now. By understanding the characteristics of the well eruption fluids,the attenuation mechanism of steam producing wells could be estimated, which were interference,re-eruption and degradation of the reservoir temperature caused by the reinjected hot waters. And the problems associated with the attenuation of steam producing wells have been solved fundamentally by taking proper countermeasures to eliminate the influence of reinjected hot waters. The atteunuation of reinjection well was found to be caused dominantly by silica loading at the permeable zone of wellbore and to be effectively solved by high temperature reinjection of the waste hot waters, controlling of temp. degradation of hot waters to be reinjected and prevention of air mixing. After applying proper countermeasures, the attunuation rate of the reinjection well has been fairly improved. 13 refs., 21 figs., 2 tabs.

FY 1998 report on the results of the R and D of industrial science technology. R and D of 'carbon-base high functional material technology' (R and D of the submarine oil production support system); 1998 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Tansokei kokino zairyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (kaitei sekiyu seisan shien system kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

For the R and D of carbon-base high functional materials, the paper reported on (1) material creation technology and (2) creation of mechanically high functional materials. In (1), the synthesis of new BCN-base materials is conducted by the electronic excitation CVD method and high temperature/high pressure (explosive synthesis) with the aim of analyzing the composition/structure. Using energy-controlled ion beams and laser beams, the synthesis of new CN-base materials and analysis of composition/structure are aimed at. By the thermal CVD method using catalysts, a method to synthesize a quantity of nanotubes is aimed at. The paper is aimed at clarifying the reaction mechanism on the material conversion of carbonaceous materials relating to the above-mentioned three methods and the appearance mechanism of characteristics of carbonaceous materials. (2) is composed of the following three subjects: composition gradient film formation technology, complicated shape film formation/micro-processing technology, and large area film formation. These three subjects were studied to positively make use of characteristics such as low friction/low abrasion and high temperature corrosion resistance which can be expected in amorphous carbon, diamond and high functional carbon materials of carbon nitride and to apply them to moving parts of various industrial machines and surface protection of construction materials such as glass, etc. (NEDO)

Present developmental conditions of petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A; Sekiyu daitai energy no kaihatsu no genjo (Beikoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The present developmental conditions of petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A. were surveyed. The budget related to energy saving and petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A. is on the increase. DOE`s expenditure on petroleum substituting energies increased from $6.8 billion in 1993 to $8.1 billion in 1995 (from 29.6% to 34.6% of DOE`s expenditure), showing the positive approach to development of petroleum substituting energies. Approaches to environmental protection are also in promotion such as positive use of electrical vehicles by U.S. government and emission regulation of specific pollutants by EPA. The state of California withdrew the regulation which prescribes that 2% of passenger cars sold in the state should be zero emission vehicles after 1998, because development of the battery with both sufficient mileage and output is impossible by 1998 in the present stage. The prospect of practical use of new batteries such as lithium battery is still far from certain for some years. Development of petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A. is still insufficient. 17 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.

FY 1998 survey report. Petroleum substituting energy metering analysis survey; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In this survey, metering models in the Asian/Pacific region where energy demand is rapidly increasing were constructed which are used for the comprehensive analysis of the relations between changes in social structure such as economic growth, change in industrial structure, and progress in energy conservation technology and new energy technology, and the energy supply/demand structure. The survey was carried out aiming at contributing to the international development of Japan's energy policy in future by quantitatively analyzing/evaluating influences of various energy policies/economic policies on the economy and energy supply/demand, through various kinds of simulation models. In FY 1998, information collection for modeling was made in China and Korea out of the Asian/Pacific region. At the same time, pilot models were constructed, and simulation was made for the standard case. Moreover, an analysis was conducted of the relation between economic growth and motorization in each country of the world as the basic data preparation on energy consumption in the transportation sector. (NEDO)

FY 1998 survey report. Petroleum substituting energy metering analysis survey; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In this survey, metering models in the Asian/Pacific region where energy demand is rapidly increasing were constructed which are used for the comprehensive analysis of the relations between changes in social structure such as economic growth, change in industrial structure, and progress in energy conservation technology and new energy technology, and the energy supply/demand structure. The survey was carried out aiming at contributing to the international development of Japan's energy policy in future by quantitatively analyzing/evaluating influences of various energy policies/economic policies on the economy and energy supply/demand, through various kinds of simulation models. In FY 1998, information collection for modeling was made in China and Korea out of the Asian/Pacific region. At the same time, pilot models were constructed, and simulation was made for the standard case. Moreover, an analysis was conducted of the relation between economic growth and motorization in each country of the world as the basic data preparation on energy consumption in the transportation sector. (NEDO)

New technologies of chemical management in Higashi-Niigata thermal power station; Higashi niigata karyoku hatsudensho niokeru kagaku kanri no kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugimoto, Takeshi; Tsuchida, Hideo; Horikawa, Minoru; Takizawa, Yasushi; Sato, Tsuneo [Tohoku Electric Power Corp., Mitagi (Japan); Suzuki, Katsuyuki [COSMO Research Institute, Saitama (Japan)

1999-01-15

This report presents the new technologies of chemical management in Higashi-Niigata Thermal Power Station. 1. Development of New Turbine Oil with Improved Oxidation Stability We examined the effect of the dosage of DBEP as an oxidation inhibitor on oxidation stability. As a result, the newly developed turbine oil has about 30% higher oxidation stability than the conventional turbine oil. 2. Extended Interval of Chemical Cleaning for Circulation Boiler We carried out an actual plant test using the JIS guaranteed reagent (sodium phosphate) instead of the conventional chemical. As the JIS guaranteed reagent has few corrosive compounds, the corrosive rate of water-wall tubes was decreased and therefore, the interval of chemical cleaning for the circulation boiler was extended. 3. Automatic Injection Method of Sodium Phosphate for Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) of Combined Cycle Power Plant We changed the injection method of sodium phosphate from the semi automatic to automatic injection method which was controlled with the conductivity of the boiler water. In six HRSG of the combined cycle power plant, we automatically controlled phosphoric acid concentration to within the target value. (author)

Introduction of research and development in Image Information Science Laboratory; Image joho kagaku kenkyusho ni okeru kenkyu kaihatsu no shokai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-10-10

This paper introduces research and development at the Image Information Science Laboratory. This is a joint industry-university research institution for the purpose of making a computer recognize human non-language information, expressing and transmitting it, with the research conducted at two centers, Kanto and Kansai. The following studies are being made at the Kansai research center: man/machine interface making natural communication possible between a man and a machine, with emphasis placed on visual information; sensing technology for measuring human activity, technology for analyzing/forming human sensitivity, and technology of expression; technology by which a work is done by a computer in place of a man and reproduced on the computer, with the skill transferred to a man; and development of a spatial expression media system such as a three-dimensional display device. The Tokyo research center is participating in the following projects: committee for promoting joint industry-university research and development of virtual reality (VR); joint industry-university research, development and implementation project of advanced VR; survey on physiological psychological effect in VR system and the like; and research and development of human media. (NEDO)

Measurement of organic carbon quantity at chemoautorophic bacterium; Kagaku dokuritsu eiyo saikin ni okeru yuki tansoryo no sokutei ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuda, I; Kato, K; Nozaki, K [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan); Kurokawa, K [Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

Described herein is the method for analyzing quantity of organic carbon synthesized by chemoautotrophic bacterium. It is based on the combustion-infrared spectroscopy, which is normally adopted for quantitative analysis of organic carbon. The problems involved in the measurement of organic compounds synthesized by iron-oxidizing bacteria are noise by culture medium components, aging of gas analyzer and contamination with organic compounds from a silicon plug. The measures taken in this study against these problems include comparison of the results with a medium containing iron-oxidizing bacteria with those with a medium free of these bacteria, calibration with the standard solution for each measurement, and replacement of a silicone plug by a silicon cap. Organic carbon is measured by a TOC-5000 analyzer equipped with an automatic sample feeder ASI-5000. Biomass density is determined by the MPN method. It is confirmed that organic carbon quantity is almost in proportion to biomass density, a phenomenon which can be used to determine organic carbon quantity. 7 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Amendment of oil related systems. Abolishment of the temporary measure law for importing specific petroleum products and amendment of the oil storage law and the volatile oil selling business law; Sekiyu kanren no seido kaisei ni tsuite. Tokutei sekiyu seihin yunyu oyobi kihatsuyu hanbaigyoho no kaisei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kobayashi, I. [Small and Medium Enterprise Agency, Tokyo (Japan)

1995-07-20

This paper describes the following matters related to amendment of oil related systems which will be enforced according to the result of discussions at the Petroleum Council on the ways the oil product supply should be in the future. The temporary measure law for importing specific oil products shall be abolished when it will be expired in March 1996. This is because the law has limited the oil product importing organizations only to oil companies who have oil refining capabilities, and the continuation of the law would lose its justifiability under the present circumstances in the petroleum industry. The oil reservation law is then amended so that the emergency handling ability on oil supply will not be hampered even after possible expansion in the number of oil product importing organizations as a result of the abolishment of the temporary measure law. The quality management systems for oil products will also be revised so that the present level on quality items of the minimum necessity will not be declined with respect to the environments and safety. Furthermore, the area designating system that has been limiting erection of oil service stations will be repealed by October 1996. 2 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the measuring/analytical survey of petroleum substituting energy; 2000 nendo sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Looking for effective policy on petroleum substituting energy, measuring models were made for analyzing relations between changes in social structure and energy supply/demand structure. Through the simulation using these models, effects of difference in energy policy on economy and energy supply/demand were studied. Countries for survey were Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, China and Korea. The measuring model is composed of the macroeconomic model and the energy supply/demand model. In the case of Korea, the interindustry-relations model was added. Using the macroeconomic model, asked were fluctuations in various economic activities/industrial structure/price/trade balance such as GDP and crude steel production by inputting overseas indices, population indices and financial indices such as the world trade, crude oil price and exchange rates. In FY 2000, for ASEAN countries, data were collected for analysis of relations between changes in economical/social structure and energy supply/demand structure. Using the pilot model constructed, the simulation was made on the standard case. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1978. Research and development of water decomposition by using the thermo, photo and electro-chemistry mixed cycle; 1978 nendo netsukagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru suibunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-03-01

This paper describes research achievements in fiscal 1978 on water decomposition by using the thermo, photo and electro-chemistry mixed cycle. Fundamental experiments were carried out in a photo-chemical and electrolytic reaction tank to electrolyse as quickly as possible HI and iron (III) produced by photo-chemical reaction in the iodine-iron (II) system, and separate the products therefrom. The photo-chemical reaction was analyzed by using the spectro-photometry, and the degree of reaction progress was quantified by using the change in absorbance of I{sub 3}{sup -}. Since temperature rise due to sun beam irradiation accelerates reverse reaction, the apparent equilibrium position under the beam irradiation was moved from the product system to the original system as the temperature rises. An expression showing the reaction efficiency was introduced to indicate that beam collection enhances the efficiency. There is no electrolytic electrode material that reduces only iron (III) preferably, and electrolysing the aqueous product solution as it is results in low energy efficiency. In addition, as a result of discussing factors affecting the effect of HI decomposition (to acquire hydrogen) by using a heat diffusion column, it was revealed that maximum separation effect can be derived if the material is fed from the center of the column. Discussions were given also on other factors. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1977. Research and development of water decomposition using mixture cycles composed by thermo-chemistry, photo-chemistry and electrochemistry; 1977 nendo netsukagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru suibunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-01

Discussions are being made on manufacture of hydrogen and oxygen from water decomposition using mixture cycles composed by thermo-chemistry, photo-chemistry and electrochemistry using ferrous sulfate and iodine. Photo-chemical reaction produces Fe(OH)SO{sub 4} and HI, but due to difficulty of isolating Fe(OH)SO{sub 4}, photo-chemical reaction that can obtain the compound as Fe{sub 2}(SO{sub 4}){sub 3} was introduced. A method was introduced that can perform HI isolation simultaneously while performing reaction to reduce Fe{sup 3+} and turn it into Fe{sup 2+} (generating oxygen) by means of electrolysing the liquid after the former reaction. The electrolytic process decomposes HI into hydrogen and iodine (discussions on thermo-chemical decomposition is also continued). Since the photo-chemical reaction can cause reverse reaction, discussions were given on the reaction process in order to suppress the reverse reaction and enhance the conversion efficiency. This paper describes the achievements during fiscal 1977. A quantification method was elucidated on individual iodine components so that it can be used for computerized control (measurement of absorbance of I{sub 3}{sup -}) . An electrolytic tank was discussed that decomposes and isolates photo-chemical reaction products before the reverse reaction occurs. Heat diffusion method was also discussed that isolates hydrogen from HI decomposition products. (NEDO)

SU-F-J-16: Planar KV Imaging Dose Reduction Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gershkevitsh, E; Zolotuhhin, D [North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn (Estonia)

2016-06-15

Purpose: IGRT has become an indispensable tool in modern radiotherapy with kV imaging used in many departments due to superior image quality and lower dose when compared to MV imaging. Many departments use manufacturer supplied protocols for imaging which are not always optimised between image quality and radiation dose (ALARA). Methods: Whole body phantom PBU-50 (Kyoto Kagaku ltd., Japan) for imaging in radiology has been imaged on Varian iX accelerator (Varian Medical Systems, USA) with OBI 1.5 system. Manufacturer’s default protocols were adapted by modifying kV and mAs values when imaging different anatomical regions of the phantom (head, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, extremities). Images with different settings were independently reviewed by two persons and their suitability for IGRT set-up correction protocols were evaluated. The suitable images with the lowest mAs were then selected. The entrance surface dose (ESD) for manufacturer’s default protocols and modified protocols were measured with RTI Black Piranha (RTI Group, Sweden) and compared. Image quality was also measured with kVQC phantom (Standard Imaging, USA) for different protocols. The modified protocols have been applied for clinical work. Results: For most cases optimized protocols reduced the ESD on average by a factor of 3(range 0.9–8.5). Further reduction in ESD has been observed by applying bow-tie filter designed for CBCT. The largest reduction in dose (12.2 times) was observed for Thorax lateral protocol. The dose was slightly increased (by 10%) for large pelvis AP protocol. Conclusion: Manufacturer’s default IGRT protocols could be optimised to reduce the ESD to the patient without losing the necessary image quality for patient set-up correction. For patient set-up with planar kV imaging the bony anatomy is mostly used and optimization should focus on this aspect. Therefore, the current approach with anthropomorphic phantom is more advantageous in optimization over standard kV quality

Quantitative comparison of commercial and non-commercial metal artifact reduction techniques in computed tomography.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dirk Wagenaar

Full Text Available Typical streak artifacts known as metal artifacts occur in the presence of strongly attenuating materials in computed tomography (CT. Recently, vendors have started offering metal artifact reduction (MAR techniques. In addition, a MAR technique called the metal deletion technique (MDT is freely available and able to reduce metal artifacts using reconstructed images. Although a comparison of the MDT to other MAR techniques exists, a comparison of commercially available MAR techniques is lacking. The aim of this study was therefore to quantify the difference in effectiveness of the currently available MAR techniques of different scanners and the MDT technique.Three vendors were asked to use their preferential CT scanner for applying their MAR techniques. The scans were performed on a Philips Brilliance ICT 256 (S1, a GE Discovery CT 750 HD (S2 and a Siemens Somatom Definition AS Open (S3. The scans were made using an anthropomorphic head and neck phantom (Kyoto Kagaku, Japan. Three amalgam dental implants were constructed and inserted between the phantom's teeth. The average absolute error (AAE was calculated for all reconstructions in the proximity of the amalgam implants.The commercial techniques reduced the AAE by 22.0±1.6%, 16.2±2.6% and 3.3±0.7% for S1 to S3 respectively. After applying the MDT to uncorrected scans of each scanner the AAE was reduced by 26.1±2.3%, 27.9±1.0% and 28.8±0.5% respectively. The difference in efficiency between the commercial techniques and the MDT was statistically significant for S2 (p=0.004 and S3 (p<0.001, but not for S1 (p=0.63.The effectiveness of MAR differs between vendors. S1 performed slightly better than S2 and both performed better than S3. Furthermore, for our phantom and outcome measure the MDT was more effective than the commercial MAR technique on all scanners.

Development of an organ-specific insert phantom generated using a 3D printer for investigations of cardiac computed tomography protocols.

Science.gov (United States)

Abdullah, Kamarul A; McEntee, Mark F; Reed, Warren; Kench, Peter L

2018-04-30

An ideal organ-specific insert phantom should be able to simulate the anatomical features with appropriate appearances in the resultant computed tomography (CT) images. This study investigated a 3D printing technology to develop a novel and cost-effective cardiac insert phantom derived from volumetric CT image datasets of anthropomorphic chest phantom. Cardiac insert volumes were segmented from CT image datasets, derived from an anthropomorphic chest phantom of Lungman N-01 (Kyoto Kagaku, Japan). These segmented datasets were converted to a virtual 3D-isosurface of heart-shaped shell, while two other removable inserts were included using computer-aided design (CAD) software program. This newly designed cardiac insert phantom was later printed by using a fused deposition modelling (FDM) process via a Creatbot DM Plus 3D printer. Then, several selected filling materials, such as contrast media, oil, water and jelly, were loaded into designated spaces in the 3D-printed phantom. The 3D-printed cardiac insert phantom was positioned within the anthropomorphic chest phantom and 30 repeated CT acquisitions performed using a multi-detector scanner at 120-kVp tube potential. Attenuation (Hounsfield Unit, HU) values were measured and compared to the image datasets of real-patient and Catphan ® 500 phantom. The output of the 3D-printed cardiac insert phantom was a solid acrylic plastic material, which was strong, light in weight and cost-effective. HU values of the filling materials were comparable to the image datasets of real-patient and Catphan ® 500 phantom. A novel and cost-effective cardiac insert phantom for anthropomorphic chest phantom was developed using volumetric CT image datasets with a 3D printer. Hence, this suggested the printing methodology could be applied to generate other phantoms for CT imaging studies. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Society of Medical

Proceedings of the papers of the 33rd Coal Science Conference (1996); Dai 33 kai sekitan kagaku kaigi happyo ronbunshu (1996)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-10-28

This is a proceedings of the papers made public in the 33rd (fiscal 1996) Coal Science Conference held by the Japan Institute of Energy. The number of the papers included is 82. The processes such as coal liquefaction, coal gasification and pyrolysis are largely influenced by reaction of the carbon compound in coal. However, coal, which is different in reaction characteristics depending on its producing area, is a comprehensive compound. Therefore, the trial has been made for clarifying the molecular structure and skeleton. In the sense, the following papers are taken notice of: Suzuki and others` Estimation for origin of coals by biomaker analysis; Sugimoto and others` Change of unit skeletons during the artificial coalification; Hirado and others` Study on the correlation between chemical and mineral composition of coal ashes; Okawa and others` Coal structure construction system with construction knowledge and partial energy evaluation; Kanbayashi and others` Analysis of the relationship between coal properties and liquefaction characteristics by using the coal database.

Study on recent research trends in the chemical fields; Kagaku bun`ya ni okeru saikin no kenkyu doko ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This research is conducted to search study themes of chemistry expected towards the 21st century. The complex compound in the fundamental chemistry field and the bio-medical materials in the applied chemistry field are taken up. Bio-medical materials are used for the restoration, rehabilitation, and treatment of the organ and the improvement of its functions. For implants such as hearts, anti-thrombin and anti-calcium precipitation effects and high endurance are required. In this field, special copolymers and bio-membrane-emulating surfaces are studied. For artificial organs, hybrid type materials combining cells, and physiologically active and artificial materials are also studied. There are studies on the missile therapy of drugs and DDS (drug delivery system). The complex compounds contain metallic elements, such as Fe, Mn, Co and Cu, and groups known as ligands which combine these metal elements. They can have a variety of stereo-structures and physical properties. They also exhibit a diversity of functions including electron donor bonding, molecular recognition, chemical substitution, and pharmaceutical activity. These features open up a promising potential for their prospective use as physiologically active substances, cancerostats, new materials, artificial photosynthesis, memory elements, and complex catalysts. 88 refs., 35 figs., 6 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Development of next-generation chemical process technologies; 1998 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Researches are conducted on the development of a technology of catalytic cracking of naphtha, technology relative to selective oxidation reaction of saturated hydrocarbons, process technology utilizing solid-phase reaction field, and a process technology utilizing novel reaction mechanism. Also, a survey is conducted on chemical processes of the next generation. Concerning the catalytic cracking of naphtha, reaction systems are roughly divided into two groups by whether or not they proceed in the presence of oxygen. As for rare earth oxide catalyst systems and zeolitic catalyst systems, their performance is confirmed and their reaction mechanisms are estimated. Concerning the selective oxidation reaction of hydrocarbons, studies are made to enhance the performance of catalytic systems that have been selected in researches conducted in the past. Concerning the process of solid phase reaction field utilization, the project is summarized and a concept is constructed of 'solid phase catalyst.' Concerning novel reaction mechanism utilizing process technologies, development is discussed of a novel process using membrane reactor, a highly functional hydrogen permeable membrane, a low-temperature dehydrogenation catalyst, etc., and a dehydrogenation membrane reactor is experimentally built. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Development of next-generation chemical process technologies; 1998 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Researches are conducted on the development of a technology of catalytic cracking of naphtha, technology relative to selective oxidation reaction of saturated hydrocarbons, process technology utilizing solid-phase reaction field, and a process technology utilizing novel reaction mechanism. Also, a survey is conducted on chemical processes of the next generation. Concerning the catalytic cracking of naphtha, reaction systems are roughly divided into two groups by whether or not they proceed in the presence of oxygen. As for rare earth oxide catalyst systems and zeolitic catalyst systems, their performance is confirmed and their reaction mechanisms are estimated. Concerning the selective oxidation reaction of hydrocarbons, studies are made to enhance the performance of catalytic systems that have been selected in researches conducted in the past. Concerning the process of solid phase reaction field utilization, the project is summarized and a concept is constructed of 'solid phase catalyst.' Concerning novel reaction mechanism utilizing process technologies, development is discussed of a novel process using membrane reactor, a highly functional hydrogen permeable membrane, a low-temperature dehydrogenation catalyst, etc., and a dehydrogenation membrane reactor is experimentally built. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using living organisms); 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the high-grade utilization technology of unused seaweed/algae and production technology of useful substances using high-grade functions of bioconsortia, study was conducted, and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the analysis of the ocean environment adaptation mechanism, the R and D were made of a selection method of the marine microbial consortia using korormicin. In the study of the high-grade utilization technology of unused resources/substances such as marine-producing algae, several tens of the carrageenase producing microbial consortia were acquired from the surface of seaweed, and some carrageenase producing bacteria and non-producing bacteria were acquired by isolating as pure strains. In the study of the petroleum substituting useful resource production technology, developed was a monitoring system of the environmental stress using marine-product invertebrate/micro-algae symbiotic system. In the study of the high-grade utilization of large useful algae, elucidation of the related genes, fabrication of variants and analysis of genes were carried out for the bacterium BUP-7 which indicates activity of growth acceleration/shape formation of seaweed. (NEDO)

Simulation study using 3-D wavefield modeling for oil and gas exploration; Sanjigen hadoba modeling wo mochiita sekiyu tanko no simulation study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sato, T; Matsuoka, T [Japan Petroleum Exploration Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Saeki, T [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center

1997-05-27

As the surroundings of objects of oil exploration grow more complicated, seismic survey methods have turned 3-dimensional and, in this report, several models are examined using the 3-dimensional simulation technology. The result obtained by the conventional wave tracking method is different from actual wavefields, and is unrealistic. The difference method among the fullwave modelling methods demands an exorbitantly long computation time and high cost. A pseudospectral method has been developed which is superior to the difference method, and has been put to practical use thanks to the advent of parallel computers. It is found that a 3-dimensional survey is mandatory in describing faults. After examining the SEG/EAGE Salt model, it is learned that the salt is well-developed and that 3-dimensional depth migration is required for sub-salt exploration. It is also found through simulation of the EAGE/S Overthrust model, which is an elastic model, that no quality records are available on thrust zones in complicated terrains. The records are poor in quality since the actually measured wavefield is regarded as an acoustic wavefield when it is an elastic wavefield. 1 refs., 18 figs., 2 tabs.

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1979. Research and development on water decomposition by using mixed cycle of thermo-chemistry, photo-chemistry and electrochemistry; 1979 nendo netsukagaku, hikari kagaku, denki kagaku konsei cycle ni yoru mizu bunkai no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

This paper describes achievements in research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1979 on water decomposition by using mixed cycle of thermo-chemistry, photo-chemistry and electrochemistry. In research on the light irradiation electrolytic process, with an objective of improving the reaction efficiency, discussions were given by raising light intensity on the irradiated surface as high as 13 times that of the sunlight. The subsequent process is electrolysis of products from photo-chemical reaction, and the product concentration should be high enough to have HI decomposition (hydrogen acquisition) proceed with high efficiency. Experiments were carried out at 0.03 to 0.1M as iodine concentrations (product HI concentration at 3%). A photo-chemical reaction rate of 80% was obtained at light intensity as high as 12 times that of the sunlight, and iodine concentration of 0.07 mM. The efficiency was 15%. Raising temperature causes the reaction rate to decrease, but it can be supplemented by raising the light intensity, where high concentration HI content was obtained. Rate controlling process in the reaction was elucidated from activation energies in the reaction process of each element on the iodine concentrations from 3 to 30 mM used in the photo-chemical reaction. Experiments were performed on HI decomposition (hydrogen acquisition) by using a heat diffusion column. Separation performance in a filled type column was worse than that in an empty type column, which requires future discussions. (NEDO)

Survey report on an environmental harmony type production system of chemical products; Kankyo chowagata kagaku seihin seizo system ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

As part of establishing an environmental harmony type production system of chemical products, study and survey were made on PET bottles. Using the life cycle analysis method (LCA), a study was made for proposing a material recycle (MR) method which is environmentally and economically excellent in the stage of recycling waste PET bottles. The total cost of recycling can be reduced by 34% supported by a decrease in equipment cost and improvement in yield if there is no mixture of foreign substances such as aluminum caps and PVC bottles. However, the ratio of the amount obtained from the reduction to the total production cost is small, and it is necessary to take measures from a viewpoint of the cost in a total production process and environmental loads. In a survey in Kawaguchi city, PET bottles discharged from the business sector occupied 41% of all the discharge amount. In a survey in Yokohama city, very important data were obtained on PET bottles appointed as the second type under the recycle law. The quality of PET bottles to be brought to the recycling plant is important for effectively processing PET bottles in MR method. For achievement of MR which is low in cost and small in environmental load, needed were cooperation by citizens, the shipping management system in autonomous government, and changes in design and material quality to be made by the industrial circle. 8 refs., 64 figs., 68 tabs.

Evaluation report on research and development of a subsea petroleum production system; Kaitei sekiyu seisan system no kenkyu kaihatsu ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

In order to assure stable supply of oil and natural gas resources, and achieve enhancement in ocean development technologies in general, development has been made on the subsea petroleum production system (SBPPS), which is effective in ocean floor petroleum production from oil fields at great depths (300 m or deeper), and can be applicable to continental shelves and continental slopes around Japan. The SBPPS consists of four sub-systems of shafts, pipelines, manifolds, and riser and oil storage, whose basic development targets were established for the total system. The system was given a conceptual design for the total system, and the above four sub-systems were designed according to the conceptual design. The experimenting devices of each system were fabricated on a trial basis while fundamental studies are being made on component technologies, and experiments were performed to verify basic functions of the sub-systems. Developments were made on such operation technologies as the system operation technology, production control technology, safety control technology, and maintenance and repair technology required to operate the SBPPS. On-shore and general off-shore experiments were carried out to verify the functions of the experimenting devices of each system, the comprehensive functions and the operation technology. Comprehensive evaluation was given on the above achievements from the technical, economic and social viewpoints. (NEDO)

Survey report on the development/utilization of petroleum substitution energy in the Pacific region; Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper collected/analyzed data on petroleum substitution energy in the Pacific region. In fiscal 1996, in addition to collection of the existing energy data, conducted were collection of energy data made retroactive from 1971, and time-series collection of the energy related expanded data including energy related production statistics/social statistics, energy consumption amount by industry, power generation facilities, oil production facilities, and environmental data. As to petroleum substitution energy, the paper took up new energy such as hydroelectric, nuclear, geothermal, photovoltaic, and wind power generation, and commercial-base renewable energy. As a result of the analysis, the supply of petroleum substitution energy in the whole Pacific region has been stable, 6.6% during 1980-1990, 7.4% in the first half of the 1990s, largely over the primary energy supply. The supply of nuclear power was overwhelmingly large, followed by hydroelectric energy and geothermal/new energy. 15 figs., 23 tabs.

Recent advances in photoelectrochemistry. Part 3. Recent applications of photocatalysis; Saikin no hikari denki kagaku. 3. Hikari shokubai no jitsuyoka kenkyu no genjo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murasawa, S [Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd., Osaka (Japan)

1995-01-05

Titanium oxide has been developed which can be put to practical use in photocatalysis, and trials have been carried out for the application to environmental processing. Some of the cases are quoted to investigate means for the application of the photocatalysis study. During the process of improving the light resistance of titanium oxide pigments, various knowledge on photocatalytic phenomena has been obtained, and titanium oxide having a strong enough activity suitable for practical use is obtained based on the knowledge. There are two methods for the application of photocatalysis to decomposition and deodorization of malodor in living space. Fixation of NOx has been studied to solve the problem of air pollution. A huge reactor is required if photocatalysis is applied to the treatment of a large quantity of water. Various kinds of approach may be needed to structure a compact reactor suitable for practical use. 14 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

Survey report for fiscal 2000. Survey on lifelong education system for chemical engineers; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kagaku gijutsusha shogai kyoiku system chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to identify social needs for continuous education of chemical engineers, a questionnaire survey was performed on member corporations and research institutes in chemical industries. The result of the survey revealed that, among the 1,032 replies, about 60% of the corporations are conducting the continuous education systematically, and 73% is planning to continue it into the future. With regard to its implementation, about 70% of them use the combination of in-house and outside educational organizations, while in using the outside organizations, expectation toward academic societies is as overwhelmingly high as about 60%. Themes of the seminars include the 'latest waste water treatment', 'latest air pollution preventing technologies', and 'latest industrial wastes recovery and treatment technologies' occupying the top three ranks, followed by the 'safety evaluation' and 'safe design' indicating high interest in environment and safety. For engineer ethics, planning and personnel departments showed as high interest as about 80% or higher, but it is about 60% in manufacturing departments. It was revealed that academic societies in Europe and America are paying efforts in the continuous education of member engineers, which, in turn, contribute to financial bases of the academic societies. (NEDO)

Survey on chemical engineering technologies for the global environmental protection; Chikyu kankyo hozen no tame no kagaku kogakuteki taisaku gijutsu ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1993-03-01

The present paper suggests chief measures to suppress and reduce global greenhouse gases. Under the control of artificial environments such as bioreactor, hydroponics and vegetable factory, a very high fixing rate of CO2 can be obtained, but CO2 generation accompanying electric power consumption is also large. It is preferable to use methane as resource by reforming reactions or selective oxidative reaction. In the recovery technique of fluorocarbon, 100% recovery is desirable. Techniques for decomposing recovered fluorocarbon and converting it to harmless material are the most backward ones. Understanding of essential structural relationship of coal is necessary for establishing combustion technique for the reduction of N2O. The integrated power generation system composed from solid electrolyte type fuel cell and coal-gasifying process, high-performance, superheat pump system form scientific technology imposing no burden on the global environment. Establishment of purification technique for industrial- or living-related drain inflowing to a closed water area system, establishment and reinforcement of inspection system for oil spill in the oceans in a global scale are required. 240 refs., 63 figs., 30 tabs.

Trend of the strategy of European and American chemical industry in the restructuring; Obei kagaku sangyo no saihen ni miru senryaku no doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Niimi, M.; Yamabe, T.

1999-12-01

The business of life science is the cover products which connect directly with life such as medical supplies, functional food, nutriments, agricultural chemicals or seeds. The wave of the reorganization of enterprises in the life science field also spread to the integration of the medicine specialty enterprises, and new association trees mainly on medical supplies such as Novartis in Switzerland, Zeneca, Astra Zeneca and Glaxo Wellcome in England were born. Many major chemistry manufacturers are also agricultural chemical manufacturers. Though agricultural chemicals were being shifted to one which being effective at the low use owing to the environmental problems, with the advance of the popularization of gene recombination crops, sales decreased on the agricultural chemical business more, and participation and restructuring to the seed business were accelerated. In this paper, the outline of business restructuring and strengthening the basic strategy in the main chemistry enterprises in Europe and the U.S.A. are described. As a trend of the restructuring, some examples on Du Pont, Dow chemical, Monsanto, ICI, Akzo Nobel, Novartis, Shell Chemicals, BASF, Hoechst and Bayer are introduced. (NEDO)

Investigations on an environment friendly chemical reaction process (eco-chemistry). 2; Kankyo ni yasashii kagaku hanno process (eko chemistry) ni kansuru chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In order to structure a chemical reaction process that does not discharge a large amount of waste by-products or harmful chemical substances, or so-called environment friendly process, investigations and discussions were given based on the results derived in the previous fiscal year. A proposal was made to reduce environmental load on development of oxidized and dehydrogenated catalysts that can produce selectively ethylene, propylene and isobutylene in an oxidation process. In liquid phase oxidation, redox-based oxidation and solid catalyzation of automatic oxidation reaction were enumerated. In acid base catalyst reaction, development of ultra strong solid acid was described to structure no pollution discharging process. In the fine chemical and pharmaceutical fields, the optical active substance method and the position-selective aromatics displacement reaction were evaluated to reduce environmental load. A questionnaire survey performed on major chemical corporations inside and outside the country revealed the following processes as the ones that can cause hidden environmental problems: processes discharging large amount of wastes, processes treating dangerous materials, and processes consuming large amount of energy. Development of catalysts is important that can realize high yield, high selectivity and reactions under mild conditions as a future environment harmonizing chemical process. 117 refs., 23 figs., 22 tabs.

Survey report for fiscal 2000. Survey on lifelong education system for chemical engineers; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kagaku gijutsusha shogai kyoiku system chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to identify social needs for continuous education of chemical engineers, a questionnaire survey was performed on member corporations and research institutes in chemical industries. The result of the survey revealed that, among the 1,032 replies, about 60% of the corporations are conducting the continuous education systematically, and 73% is planning to continue it into the future. With regard to its implementation, about 70% of them use the combination of in-house and outside educational organizations, while in using the outside organizations, expectation toward academic societies is as overwhelmingly high as about 60%. Themes of the seminars include the 'latest waste water treatment', 'latest air pollution preventing technologies', and 'latest industrial wastes recovery and treatment technologies' occupying the top three ranks, followed by the 'safety evaluation' and 'safe design' indicating high interest in environment and safety. For engineer ethics, planning and personnel departments showed as high interest as about 80% or higher, but it is about 60% in manufacturing departments. It was revealed that academic societies in Europe and America are paying efforts in the continuous education of member engineers, which, in turn, contribute to financial bases of the academic societies. (NEDO)

Safety (management and technology). Reality of anti-earthquake measures in chemical plants; Anzen (manejimento to tekunoroji). Kagaku kojo no jishin taisaku no jissai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wataya, I. [Asahi Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Osaka (Japan)

1994-08-05

In Japan where there have been occurring many earthquakes, anti-earthquake measures is one of important things that corporations should take as risk management. In particular, in the chemical industry where a large amount of combustible materials, toxic materials and high-pressure gases are used which has high potential hazard, it is its social responsibility to prevent leakage, fires and explosions of those materials due to earthquakes, and to take in advance measures for minimizing damages if they happen. This paper introduces, as actual anti-earthquake measures, mainly the anti-earthquake measures for facilities and equipment and the plans of prevention of disasters by earthquake of the Kawasaki Plant of Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. The points in anti-earthquake design are to determine design idea and anti-earthquake design standards based on the investigations into the locational conditions of plants, the evaluation of plant safety and estimation of damage at the time of earthquake; and to adopt a fail safe mechanism for operating a plant on the safe side in the event of earthquake in its design. 2 refs., 1 fig.

MT survey in the Minaminoshiro oil field; Minaminoshiro chiiki ni okeru MT ho ni yoru sekiyu tanko (sanjigen MT ho chosa no kento). 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuo, K; Minegishi, M [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center

1997-10-22

Preliminary experiment, investigation, and study are conducted prior to an experimental 3-D MT (magnetotelluric) survey planned to be carried out in the Minaminoshiro district, Akita Prefecture. In the preliminary investigation, MT measurements were performed at nine locations. It was anticipated that national highways, waste treatment plants, high-voltage power lines, and railways in presence in the district would act as noise sources. Although the impact of such noise was detected in the single site treatment result, yet it was found that it would be mostly eliminated by use of the remote reference treatment. It was learned that the resistivity structure in this district was quite low in contrast or 1 ohm/m against 30 ohm/m, but the result of 3-D model calculation indicated that a sufficient analysis would be possible even in such a low contrast case. Furthermore, as the result of the study of the density of observation stations in the magnetic field, it was found that changes in the response of magnetic field to the resistivity structure would be approximately 2% at the maximum and that the ill effect on the result of measurement would be of the negligible magnitude even when a single magnetic field observation station is deployed against plural electric field observation stations. 6 refs., 7 figs.

Trends of recent coal science. Extracted from essays presented at 1989-ICCS; Saikin no sekitan kagaku no doko. 1989 ICCS no ronbun happyo yori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

The 5th IEA (International Energy Agency) International Conference on Coal Science (1989-ICCS) was held in Tokyo in October 1989. A number of essays relative to the basics and applications of the coal science were presented at the event, and recent trends of the coal science have been extracted from these essays and complied into this survey report. In the field of basic coal reaction, it is stated that basic studies relating to the coal structure, physical properties, and chemistry are necessary for the future coal science and that it will be very difficult to construct a database covering various types of coals conserved under different circumstances. In the field of basics of coal combustion and gasification, essays are introduced, titled 'Gasification reactivity and coal structure' and 'Role of catalysts in gasification reaction.' Furthermore, future trends of the science are predicted from the viewpoint of 'Problems of global environment and research on coal gasification.' In the field of coal liquefaction, essays are introduced which discuss the improvement of the coal process, enhancement of cost effectiveness, and higher efficiency, and point to the subjects of research in the future. (NEDO)

Trends of recent coal science. Extracted from essays presented at 1989-ICCS; Saikin no sekitan kagaku no doko. 1989 ICCS no ronbun happyo yori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

The 5th IEA (International Energy Agency) International Conference on Coal Science (1989-ICCS) was held in Tokyo in October 1989. A number of essays relative to the basics and applications of the coal science were presented at the event, and recent trends of the coal science have been extracted from these essays and complied into this survey report. In the field of basic coal reaction, it is stated that basic studies relating to the coal structure, physical properties, and chemistry are necessary for the future coal science and that it will be very difficult to construct a database covering various types of coals conserved under different circumstances. In the field of basics of coal combustion and gasification, essays are introduced, titled 'Gasification reactivity and coal structure' and 'Role of catalysts in gasification reaction.' Furthermore, future trends of the science are predicted from the viewpoint of 'Problems of global environment and research on coal gasification.' In the field of coal liquefaction, essays are introduced which discuss the improvement of the coal process, enhancement of cost effectiveness, and higher efficiency, and point to the subjects of research in the future. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 survey report. Survey of environmentally friendly chemical process (Ecochemistry); 1994 nendo kankyo ni yasashii kagaku hanno process (ecochemistry) ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

Processes that contain latent environmental problems are the massive generation of wastes (inorganic salt, acid catalyst, base catalyst, and huge quantities of wastewater), handling of dangerous substances (use of hydrogen fluoride, use of phosgene, and use of substances whose discharge is legally controlled), processes which consume much energy (circulation of quantities of raw materials, use of quantities of solvents, separation of products with difficulties, use of high pressure, and multiple stage reaction), and processes which are expected to use resources now remaining unexploited. As an element technology for the solution of problems, there is the development of a solid redox catalyst for liquid phase oxidation. As compared with a liquid phase homogeneous catalyst, it discharges less inorganic wastes, facilitates the separation, recovery, and treatment of inorganic salts, corrodes structural materials less, and is thermally stable. An alkane partial oxidation catalyst when developed will achieve more energy conservation than an alkene oxidation catalyst. In relation to acid/base reaction, the zeolite catalyst will be improved and ultrastrong acids and ultrastrong bases will be developed, and these will reduce wastes, mitigate corrosion, and facilitate product separation. The development of a process is also expected which will avoid the use of toxic phosgene. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1995 research investigation on chemical process technology using supercritical fluid; 1995 nendo chorinkai ryutai wo riyoshita kagaku process gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With relation to the supercritical fluid utilization technology, conducted in fiscal 1995 were collection of basic data, extraction of R and D subjects and survey/analysis of application fields based on the literature survey and overseas field survey. From the research results, the following were selected as research subjects: as to the clean/recycling process technology, non-selection cascade treatment process of mixed waste plastics, hazardous waste treatment process, and radioactive waste treatment process. As to the unused resource utilization process technology, the supercritical submerged combustion power generation process, heavy hydrocarbon resource reutilization process, biomass synthetic utilization process, and carbon dioxide reutilization process. As to the next generation reaction process technology, the simple reaction process, de-organic solvent process, chemical materialization process for methane, and reaction separation combined process. As the innovative material process technology, the plastic forming process, high-functional materials, high-efficiency energy conversion materials, and heightening of function of solid wastes. 537 refs., 116 figs., 54 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the technology development of next-generation chemical process; 1999 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The R and D were conducted on the naphtha catalytic cracking, selective oxidation reaction of saturated hydrocarbon, new reaction mechanism utilization process, etc., as next-generation chemical process technology in FY 1999, and the results were summarized. As to the technology of naphtha catalytic cracking, developed was La203/p/ZMS-5 zeolite catalyst which is high in cracking activity and high in light-olefin selectivity. By the FS, it was confirmed that this is more excellent in case of the fixed bed reactor than in the present process. Concerning the technology of selective oxidation reaction of saturated hydrocarbon, the basic information/knowledge were obtained about the construction of catalytic principle toward the high selective catalytic partial oxidation, elucidation of a reaction mechanism in alkane oxidation and design of high functional catalysts, elucidation of a mechanism in butan oxidation, synthesis of alkane selective oxidation catalysts, etc. In relation to the technology of new reaction mechanism utilization process, the following were carried out: study of ethyl benzene dehydrogenation using the membrane reactor trially fabricated in the previous fiscal year, development of high efficiency hydrogen penetration membranes and low temperature high activity catalysts, study of the new process by membrane reactor. (NEDO)

Actual situation and future tendency of relaxation of petroleum restrictions in Western Europe. Seio ni okeru sekiyu kisei kanwa no jittai to kongo no doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1989-07-31

An oversea investigation was made in 1988 to study the present situation of the relaxation trends of petroleum resrictions in the countries of Western Europe. Among petroleum markets of West European countries, in those of West Germany and UK both quantity and price have had no restrictions. And in France they were liberalized quite recently. On the other hand, in South European countries such as Italy, Spain and Greece the prices of petroleum products are controlled by the governments. EC is going to integrate petroleum markets by the end of 1992 so that petroleum products may flow beyond the borders freely. In France, relaxation of restrictions on the petroleum industry was carried out in 1985 employing the petroleum business law of 1928 with elasticity and four years have passed since then. In Italy petroleum companies cannot decide the prices of major petroleum products freely. In Spain, the petroleum market is going to be completely liberalized in 1993 in accordance with the engagement with EC. Greece is at strife with EC on the adjustment of policies. 26 figs., 86 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of the next generation chemical process technology; 2000 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The R and D were conducted on the next generation chemical process by which no energy losses are produced and the amount of the waste is made extremely small by the new catalytic reaction, the reaction using next generation separation/reaction membrane, etc., and the FY 2000 results were summed up. As to the development of the selective oxidation technology of saturated hydrocarbon, the basic knowledge/information were obtained on the following: construction of the catalytic principle toward the highly selective catalytic partial oxidation, elucidation of the reaction mechanism in alkane oxidation and design of the high functional catalyst, functional design in butane oxidation, characterization of the alkane oxidation catalyst and the application to the catalytic development, synthesis of the alkane selective oxidation catalyst, etc. Relating to the development of the process technology using the new reaction mechanism, a target value of equilibrium conversion of 10% or more was achieved using membrane reactor in the dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene. Further, as to the high performance selective membrane and low temperature active catalyst that are indispensable to the element technology, the continuous study was made, and at the same time themes in this study were arranged. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 investigational research on the chemical process technology using supercritical fluids; 1996 nendo chorinkai ryutai wo riyoshita kagaku process gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Importance was studied of making a research on the chemical process technology using the supercritical fluid. As for its effect on global warming, the amount of CO2 emission was compared during the operation between the conventional process and the process using the supercritical fluid, the CO2 reduction rate and amount were trially calculated, and a CO2 reduction of a several ten thousand ton scale in carbon conversion was predicted. As to hazardous materials and the reaction of waste retrieval, it was made clear that the process using the supercritical fluid was valid also for objects for which the chemical process used to be impossible, which indicates a possibility of the widening field of application. Concerning its effect on the energy conservation, energy reduction of several ten thousand tons in heavy oil conversion was predicted by replacing all the existing processes with supercritical fluids. Relating to the recycling, with the use of supercritical fluids, the process is possible which produces higher quality and yield and fewer unnecessary products such as char than the conventional process. 197 refs., 102 figs., 71 tabs.

History of science and technology in the 20th century and super-technologies at present. 20 seiki no kagaku gijutsushi to genzai no (cho) gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Futami, S. (Yasukawa Electric Mfg. Co. Ltd., Kitakyushu (Japan))

1992-10-05

Technologies whose names are prefixed with super are discussed from a viewpoint of history of science and technology. A chronology for super-prefixed sciences and technologies in the 20th century is presented. Since Bohr's quantum theory and Einstein's fundamental formula for atomic energy: E = mc[sup 2] that rank as two heads of super-science, were published in the begining of the 20th century, their theories have been playing roles as a foundation of the development of science and technology in this century. Namely, on the basis of quantum theory, semi-conductors were invented and super-conduction has been developed. The Einstein's fundamental formula has led to atomic bombs and commercial power reactors. Development to super-technologies in various fields of sciences and technologies is explained. When a nation's history of science and technology is assumed as a process from mimicry to self-sustenance that is composed of the following four steps: (1) import of products, (2)initiation of production and transfer of technology, (3)transit to technological self-sustain, (4) establishment of creative technology. Japan is in a process between(3) and(4). Further, super-technologies under research and development for the present in Japan are enumerated. 6 refs., 2 figs.

Upper limits of the photon fluence rate on CT detectors: Case study on a commercial scanner

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Persson, Mats, E-mail: mats.persson@mi.physics.kth.se; Bornefalk, Hans; Danielsson, Mats [Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-10691 (Sweden); Bujila, Robert; Nowik, Patrik; Andersson, Henrik [Unit of X-ray Physics, Section of Imaging Physics Solna, Department of Medical Physics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE-17176 (Sweden); Kull, Love [Medical Radiation Physics, Sunderby Hospital, Luleå SE-97180 (Sweden); Andersson, Jonas [Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90185 (Sweden)

2016-07-15

Purpose: The highest photon fluence rate that a computed tomography (CT) detector must be able to measure is an important parameter. The authors calculate the maximum transmitted fluence rate in a commercial CT scanner as a function of patient size for standard head, chest, and abdomen protocols. Methods: The authors scanned an anthropomorphic phantom (Kyoto Kagaku PBU-60) with the reference CT protocols provided by AAPM on a GE LightSpeed VCT scanner and noted the tube current applied with the tube current modulation (TCM) system. By rescaling this tube current using published measurements on the tube current modulation of a GE scanner [N. Keat, “CT scanner automatic exposure control systems,” MHRA Evaluation Report 05016, ImPACT, London, UK, 2005], the authors could estimate the tube current that these protocols would have resulted in for other patient sizes. An ECG gated chest protocol was also simulated. Using measured dose rate profiles along the bowtie filters, the authors simulated imaging of anonymized patient images with a range of sizes on a GE VCT scanner and calculated the maximum transmitted fluence rate. In addition, the 99th and the 95th percentiles of the transmitted fluence rate distribution behind the patient are calculated and the effect of omitting projection lines passing just below the skin line is investigated. Results: The highest transmitted fluence rates on the detector for the AAPM reference protocols with centered patients are found for head images and for intermediate-sized chest images, both with a maximum of 3.4 ⋅ 10{sup 8} mm{sup −2} s{sup −1}, at 949 mm distance from the source. Miscentering the head by 50 mm downward increases the maximum transmitted fluence rate to 5.7 ⋅ 10{sup 8} mm{sup −2} s{sup −1}. The ECG gated chest protocol gives fluence rates up to 2.3 ⋅ 10{sup 8} − 3.6 ⋅ 10{sup 8} mm{sup −2} s{sup −1} depending on miscentering. Conclusions: The fluence rate on a CT detector reaches 3 ⋅ 10{sup 8

Report on current status of petroleum substituting energy development in the EU in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (EU))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The EU is one of the most advanced places of petroleum substituting energy development. The EU is highly aware of environmental issues. For the COP3 held at Kyoto in December 1997, The EU gave more severe regulation of CO2 emission than the other advanced countries. The EU takes efforts in the development and introduction of energy effective for global environmental protection. In addition, research and development of geothermal, biomass and wave force energy are actively promoted in this place. Energy situations in this place are significant for predicting and analyzing the future trends of energy development and consumption in the other countries. Firstly, this report looks back toward energy demand held in check to a head at the beginning of the 1990`s. Secondly, supply of energy and cover of energy trend are described for recent years from the point of view. Thirdly, competitiveness of energy in EU countries are discussed from a position of energy density. Fourthly, circumstances about environmental issues are considered. Fifthly, the world market of energy is also considered. Finally, development of new energy and a trend of introduction with a sample of Sweden are introduced. 13 refs., 15 figs., 28 tabs.

International cooperation project. Evaluation report on development of new oxidation and environment resistant materials for petroleum excavation; Sekiyu kussakuyo taisankasei taikankyosei shinzairyo no kaihatsu hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In order to enhance the environment and wear resisting performance of the bearing mechanism for petroleum excavation bits assuming use at a depth of 6,000 m, discussions were given on a cubic boron nitride based ultra-hard thin film and a Ti{sub x}M{sub 1-x}N based hard thin film as the new materials. This paper describes the evaluation report for the year 2000. It was found that the promising material is the Ti{sub x}M{sub 1-x}N. The practical applicability test would require a considerable amount of expense and insurance fee, while putting the material into practical use would take some more time. However, the achievements in developing this new material will allow the material to be applied to cutting tools used under the same onerous condition, and theoretical development would be possible on the consideration of the film properties, whereas further development may be expected in the future. An international joint study has performed evaluations on the environmental resistance and the characteristics of the film at the University of Toronto. These evaluations are effective in enhancing further the properties of the thin film in the future. Achievements have been accumulated steadily from starting the fundamental studies, and high level objectives have been achieved. Accurate identification has been made on the state of developing the parts for petroleum excavation bits, with the objectives set properly. Putting the bits into practical use will still require public assistance. (NEDO)

Report on current status of petroleum substituting energy development in the USA in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Beikoku))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In the last twenty-five years, the level of social recognition for the importance of energy conservation grew progressively from a total nonexistence of concern to the driving force that ensures the future environmental health of the nation and the world. Executive Order 12003, relating to energy policy and conservation, was signed by President Jimmy Carter and dated July 20, 1977. In 1992, President Clinton issued Executive Order 12759 - federal Energy Management. Each agency will prescribe policies under which its industrial facilities in the aggregate increase energy efficiency by at least 20% in fiscal 2000 in comparison to fiscal 1985. Current Federal programs for building efficiency are estimated to result in 31.5 billion dollars in annual energy saving for consumers by 2010. Future trends attract attention. The major programs currently in force to implement these policies and directives include Rebuild America, Million Solar Roofs Initiative, Home Energy Rating Systems, and Weatherization Assistance Program. 37 refs., 1 fig., 6 tabs.

Report on current status of petroleum substituting energy development in the UK in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Eikoku))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Blair`s cabinet of the UK, as soon as it was formed, started a review of all policies of the past Conservative government, including the area of energy and environment. The Labour Party has already underlined its commitment to promoting petroleum substituting, i.e., renewable energy. The government made clear that the unique British NFFO Scheme to promote sources of renewable energy would continue and in November, 1997 published the policy guide for the fifth round of NFFO bidding. The British energy market is generally considered to be the most liberalized for free competition in Europe and even the retail market for households is going to be completely open for competition in electricity and gas supply by 1998. As to the regulation of the green house gas exhaust, the Labour Party has put forward a target to cut 20% of the exhaust level of 1990 by the year 2010. The government is now preparing measures for its implementation. At present, the EU is debating the draft of the landfill directive. In the UK, the construction of waste incineration and power generating plants with modern technology is now being promoted. 27 tabs.

Mixture of industrial waste oxidized titanium and reduced slag from electric furnace used as hydraulic material. Denkiro kangen slug to sanka titan kogyo haikibutsu no kongobutsu no suinan zairyo to shiteno riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Honda, A [Osaka City University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Kuwayama, T [Daido Institute of Technology, Nagoya (Japan); Yamada, M; Ikezaki, H [Osaka City University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1990-10-29

Slag released from an electric furnace consists mainly of waste steel. There are two types of slag, namely, oxidized slag and reduced slag. Reduced slag, which is generally in the form of powder, is difficult to recycle as compared with oxidized slag. However, with a hydraulicity, some reduced slag is expected to be useful as hydraulic material. Test results obtained here show that the hydraulic properties of reduced slag powder can be improved by mixing it with gypsum and that the resultant mixture can serve to improve the prooperties of soft clay. Another study is made to determine the potential, as hydraulic material, of mixtures of reduced slag powder and waste gypsum material with a high gypsum content released from an oxidized titanium production process. The hydraulicity is found to develop as a result of the formation of a hydrate of calcium aluminate which is contained in the slag. Addition of water to the hydrate and gypsum cause the formation of ettringite, leading to an increased uniaxial compressive strength. These findings indicate that the above-mentioned mixture can be useful to improve the hydraulic properties of coal ash to be disposed of at landfill sites. 5 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Report on the achievements in fiscal 1999 of research and development of fusion zones. Calculation science; 1999 nendo yugo ryoiki kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Keisan kagaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In order to elucidate the mechanism for specific phenomena from the atom scale to the meso-scale, developmental research has been performed on a fusion type calculation method. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. In planning the policy of structuring the program package TACPAC and its application method, the program for materials STATE using the classical molecule dynamics method and the biological program, Peach, were selected as the programs to act as the nuclei. In continuing performance improvements respectively in the computer programs to be fused, and improving the performance of the software fused with them, the programs were transferred into a super-computer. As a result, it was found that the classical and the first principle quantum molecular dynamics method program STATE can be executed at high efficiency on the super-computer. In executing the challenging computer simulation and developing a calculation method for large scale systems, researches were performed on alcohol synthesizing reaction on copper surface and the status of association of gene DNA molecules with enzymes, and development was carried out on a matrix generation method to calculate non-empirical molecule trajectories of the large scale systems. (NEDO)

Leading survey and research report for fiscal 1999. Survey and research on chemical reaction simulator technology; 1999 nendo kagaku hanno simulator gijutsu no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Although various chemical reactions are made use of at scenes of chemical industry for the acquisition of desired chemicals, the control of reaction process governing factors, such as temperature, pressure, catalysts, solutions, etc., is found to be carried out only on the empirical basis. At the present time, rational or optimum reaction designs are not to be prepared in a short period of time in the presence of the widespread shortage of knowledge about chemical reactions and of the shortage of understanding of chemical reactions at the micro level. Leading survey and research are conducted for the development of a 'chemical reaction simulator' technology to enable the acquisition of optimum reaction designing guidelines in a short period of time. Using the simulator, a chemical of his choice is inputted by a researcher engaged in the study of an real chemical reaction and then various techniques of computer science are mobilized for the preparation of a huge number of feasible reaction routes, and high-precision simulations are conducted for the feasible reaction routes. The results achieved this fiscal year are reported. The purpose of this research and its ripple effect on new product industry creation are stated. Then the positioning, mission, and concept of such a chemical reaction simulator are described. Finally, the result of research and survey of knowledge databases and the result of research and survey of computational chemistry are stated. (NEDO)

Front line of cement technolgy and control. Part 5. ; Baking process and chemical reactions. Cement saisentan sono gijutsu to kanri 5. ; Shosei katei to kagaku hanno

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirai, M. (Ube Industries, Ltd., Yamaguchi (Japan))

1990-06-01

The baking process in cement production means the process that the raw materials which were mixed and pulverized in the raw material preparation process are charged into a reaction furnace which is called kiln, and clinders (intermediate product of cement) are generated. It is the process which affects quality as well as production cost of cement more significantly than anything else. In this article, an outline of the above baking facilities, how the raw materials change and clinkers are generated therein, and how they are controlled are introduced. Clinkers are composed of such products as alite, belite, aluminate and ferrite, etc. which were generated after decomposition reactions of such raw materials as lime stone, clay, silica rock and iron oxide in the above kiln. The essential ponts of the process control which makes the generation reactions of clinker compounds efficiently are such two points as well balanced raw materials to be charged into the baking facilities and stable operation of such facilities. The quality of cement which is required as finished goods is achieved by the quality control at each intermediate process and the quality tests of cement. 5 refs., 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Leading survey and research report for fiscal 1999. Survey and research on chemical reaction simulator technology; 1999 nendo kagaku hanno simulator gijutsu no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Although various chemical reactions are made use of at scenes of chemical industry for the acquisition of desired chemicals, the control of reaction process governing factors, such as temperature, pressure, catalysts, solutions, etc., is found to be carried out only on the empirical basis. At the present time, rational or optimum reaction designs are not to be prepared in a short period of time in the presence of the widespread shortage of knowledge about chemical reactions and of the shortage of understanding of chemical reactions at the micro level. Leading survey and research are conducted for the development of a 'chemical reaction simulator' technology to enable the acquisition of optimum reaction designing guidelines in a short period of time. Using the simulator, a chemical of his choice is inputted by a researcher engaged in the study of an real chemical reaction and then various techniques of computer science are mobilized for the preparation of a huge number of feasible reaction routes, and high-precision simulations are conducted for the feasible reaction routes. The results achieved this fiscal year are reported. The purpose of this research and its ripple effect on new product industry creation are stated. Then the positioning, mission, and concept of such a chemical reaction simulator are described. Finally, the result of research and survey of knowledge databases and the result of research and survey of computational chemistry are stated. (NEDO)

Report compiled by Research Center for Carbonaceous Resources, Institute for Chemical Reaction Science, Tohoku University; Tohoku Daigaku Hanno Kagaku Kenkyusho tanso shigen hanno kenkyu center hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-04-01

The Research Center for Carbonaceous Resources was established in April 1991 for the purpose of developing a comprehensive process for converting carbonaceous resources into clean fuels or into materials equipped with advanced functions. In this report, the track records etc. of the center are introduced. Under study in the conversion process research department is the organization of a comprehensive coal conversion process which will be a combination of solvent extraction, catalytic decomposition, and catalytic gasification, whose goal is to convert coal in a clean way at high efficiency. Under study in the conversion catalyst research department are the development of a coal denitrogenation method, development of a low-temperature gasification method by use of inexpensive catalysts, synthesis of C{sub 2} hydrocarbons in a methane/carbon dioxide reaction, etc. Other endeavors under way involve the designing and development of new organic materials such as new carbon materials and a study of the foundation on which such efforts stand, that is, the study of the control of reactions between solids. Furthermore, in the study of interfacial reaction control, the contact gasification of coal, brown coal ion exchange capacity and surface conditions, carbonization of cation exchanged brown coal, etc., are being developed. (NEDO)

Report of the 8th International Symposium on the Observation of the Continental Crust Through Drilling; Dai 8 kai tairiku kagaku kussaku kokusai symposium ni sankashite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshida, K. [Super Deep Core Drilling Study Group, Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-11-29

This report relates to the 8th International Symposium on the Observation of the Continental Crust Through Drilling, convened at Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba City, on February 26, 1996. The symposium was represented by approximately 200 people from the U.S., Canada, Britain, Germany, France, Russia, China, and some others, who discussed active faults, drilling and logging, transfer of fluids and heat in the crust, history of the earth and climate, ICDP (International Continental Scientific Drilling Program) and international cooperation under this program in the future, etc. In reference to ultradeep drilling in the world, drillings by Germany`s KTB (Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm)(9,101m deep) and Russia at Kola Peninsula (l2,261m) were reviewed. Concerning the efforts of U.S. Continental Scientific Drilling Program during the previous 11-year period, it was reported that it had cost a total of $84,000,000; that investigations had been made into volcanos and geotherm, fault tectonics, sedimentary basins, holes due to meteorites, and metal ore deposits; and that 61 holes (total length: 31,310m and maximum depth: 3,510m) had been drilled and investigated. 6 figs., 3 tabs.

Evaluation report on research and development of high-speed computation system for technological use; Kagaku gijutsuyo kosoku keisan system no kenkyu kaihatsu ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-08-01

The above-named project is an effort implemented under the large-scale industrial technology research and development system through the cooperation of industrial, academic, and governmental circles in the nine-year-long period beginning in fiscal 1981. The project aims to establish technologies required for putting to practical use a high-speed computation system capable of speedily dealing with huge technological problems which the computers available at the commencement of the project failed to solve. The goals set for new devices and comprehensive systems were sufficiently challenging in view of the technological level of those days, and are still at the highest level in the world. It is judged that the goals were set with reason and appropriateness. The liaison council for the implementation of the project is constituted of people of experience or academic standing, entrusted research and development activities, Ministry of International Trade and Industry bureaus concerned, and the Electrotechnical Laboratory of the same ministry. Discussion, coordination, and communication on concrete matters are under way between the constituent members, contributing to the enhancement of research and development. The liaison council activities are evaluated to be appropriate and effective. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on development of technologies to reduce pollutants in oil refining; 2000 nendo sekiyu seisei osen busshitsu teigen nado gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development has been made on technologies to reduce sulfur content in light oil and on optimization of light oil quality. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In the study of enhancing the desulfurization rate in gas oil deep hydrodesulfurization process, it was found that NiHY zeolite having Ni introduced by using the ion exchange method shows stable activity, whereas the target of sulfur content of 50 ppm or lower was achieved by adding the third constituent and by optimizing the impregnation solution to pH3. In the study of the Ni, Mo/alumina catalyst, the desulfurization activity was enhanced by optimization of carrier pore size to 120 to 140 angstroms and by addition of phosphorus and silica, having the target of sulfur content of 50 ppm or lower achieved. In the research of manufacturing low-sulfur light oil using heavy oil desulfurization and hydrocracking, optimization was performed on the catalyst used in the latter stage of heavy oil desulfurization, and evaluation was given on the performance in combination of commercially available hydrometallation catalyst/middle part HDS catalyst/bottom part HDS catalyst. As a result, achievement of the target of sulfur content in the desulfurized light oil of 300 ppm or lower was verified. Life evaluation test is in continuation on the heavy oil hydrocracking catalyst. (NEDO)

Recent advances in photoelectrochemistry. Part 1. Preparation and photocatalytic activities of semiconductor microcrystals; Saikin no hikari denki kagaku. 1. Handotai chobiryushi no chosei to hikari shokubai kassei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoneyama, H; Torimoto, T [Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1995-01-05

The energy structure of semiconductor microcrystals with less than 10nm particle size is different from that of bulk semiconductor, and the reducing force of electrons and the oxidizing force of holes produced by light in microcrystals are larger than those of bulk semiconductor. Focusing on the application of semiconductor microcrystals to photocatalysis, the effects of the particle size and surface conditions of particles on photocatalytic activity are discussed. It has been shown that the change in the characteristics of semiconductor microcrystals depends on particle size, and microcrystals with narrow distribution of particle sized is necessary for the study of the characteristics of semiconductor microcrystals. An example of high efficient progress of CO2 direct reduction by the use of semiconductor microcrystals is introduced. It has been made clear that the photocatalytic activity of semiconductor is improved when a small amount of electrode catalyst is supported in it. A unique photocatalytic reaction which can not be observed with bulk particles can be progressed by the use of high oxidation and reduction ability caused by quantum size effect of semiconductor microcrystals. 26 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

FY1998 report on the surveys and studies on developing next generation chemical process technologies; 1998 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For further resource and energy conservation and environmental load reduction, development is necessary on innovative chemical reaction technologies. This paper describes surveys on next generation chemical processes. As non-halogen processes subject to development of new catalysts, new processes were investigated and searching experiments and discussions were given on isocyanate, propylene oxide, and phenol. Technological progress in the C1 chemistry was investigated. Problems in hydrocarbon compound oxidation, hydroxylation, and decomposition by utilizing microorganisms were put into order as application of environmentally friendly technologies. Marine biotechnical possibilities were surveyed. The surveys were given on new processes utilizing the phase transfer catalyst forming a third phase, manufacture of biodegradable plastics, and a novel reaction system combined with self-separation process using molecular assembly. Possibilities were searched on designing a truly simple production system of highly energy saving type. Such fundamental common technologies as structure analysis, property control and reaction engineering were investigated for methods to manufacture functional micro-powder chemical materials. Development was discussed on a system for technology assessment over whole product life cycle to structure a technology assessment basis. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey and research concerning development of next-generation chemical process technologies; 1999 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

To further enhance resource/energy conservation and environmental impact reduction, it is necessary to develop innovative chemical reaction process technologies. It is for this reason that 'development of next-generation chemical reaction process technologies' is being carried out under the New Sunshine Program. The survey and research, for the fulfilment of the above goal, aim to select important technologies and put in a easy-to-study order the problems contained in associated technologies for picking out tasks for future studies for the purpose of suggesting some subjects to be taken up for future development. In addition, studies are made about how a comprehensive technology assessment system should be. In this fiscal year, propositions are compiled for research and development projects on five subjects. Studies of subjects other than these five will also continue to eventually build concrete propositions on them. The said five subjects involve 1) the development and application of nonaqueous biotechnologies, 2) biotechnology-aided polymeric material creation processes, 3) construction of high-efficiency energy conservation processes using innovative grain handling technologies in the high-temperature reaction field, 4) manufacture of high-performance polymeric materials for batteries and development of battery fabrication processes, and 5) the development of an energy conservation process maximally utilizing environmentally-friendly polyolefin. (NEDO)

Chemistry for preserving the global environment. Part 5. Offensive odor; its present condition and control technique; Kankyo sozai no kagaku. 5. Akushu no genjo to taisaku gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saiki, Y.

1996-07-01

Offensive odor substances belongs to a quite different field from the perfume inspire of the same sense of smell, and is a substance forming a lot of troubles which is formed in intimate resident environments such as manufacturing factories of the chemicals, incineration and decomposition treatment process of living body relating substances, stock raising facilities, restaurants and others. A material called the offensive odor substance is generally in very low concentration in the atmosphere, most of which is ppm order in its detection limit. And, the offensive odor intensity is proportional to logarithm of its concentration. For example, even removing 99.9% of the offensive odor substance from its forming source, there is remained its difficult countermeasuring problem of no removing as its offensive odor. At present, the offensive odor is severely regulated by means of laws and acts, research on its relating field is active, and its relating publications have become plenty. In this paper, outline on recent state of the offensive odor and its measuring technique was summarized. 14 refs., 6 figs., 8 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey and research concerning development of next-generation chemical process technologies; 1999 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

To further enhance resource/energy conservation and environmental impact reduction, it is necessary to develop innovative chemical reaction process technologies. It is for this reason that 'development of next-generation chemical reaction process technologies' is being carried out under the New Sunshine Program. The survey and research, for the fulfilment of the above goal, aim to select important technologies and put in a easy-to-study order the problems contained in associated technologies for picking out tasks for future studies for the purpose of suggesting some subjects to be taken up for future development. In addition, studies are made about how a comprehensive technology assessment system should be. In this fiscal year, propositions are compiled for research and development projects on five subjects. Studies of subjects other than these five will also continue to eventually build concrete propositions on them. The said five subjects involve 1) the development and application of nonaqueous biotechnologies, 2) biotechnology-aided polymeric material creation processes, 3) construction of high-efficiency energy conservation processes using innovative grain handling technologies in the high-temperature reaction field, 4) manufacture of high-performance polymeric materials for batteries and development of battery fabrication processes, and 5) the development of an energy conservation process maximally utilizing environmentally-friendly polyolefin. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on development of technology to evaluate reliability of petroleum refining facilities; 2000 nendo sekiyu seisei setsubi shinraisei hyoka nado gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 2000 in development of a technology to evaluate reliability of petroleum refining facilities. The development efforts were made mainly on analyses by simulation and neural net (NN) that utilize computers. In the high-temperature system facilities, the creep damage generation is governed by different factors including impurities. The evaluation on joint life requires simultaneous use of low temperature zone long-time test. Verification was made on application of non-destructive inspection, such as use of ultrasonic waves in the accelerated creep zone. Defect detecting capability was identified when an ultrasonic wave flaw detection model is used for buried piping. In the pulse eddy current flaw detection, a coil most superb in totality was selected by means of simulation, by which corrosion and wall thickness of piping and devices were detected from outside the sheathing materials. Development was made on a technology to diagnose and evaluate corrosion of tank in operation by using the AE method. The remaining life of transformers is determined by how seriously the coil insulating paper has been deteriorated, and furfural in the oil was found effective for the parameters. Particularly, application of the NN was revealed to be effective in estimating electric motor deterioration. A high-temperature sulfide corrosion rate estimating model was developed from the operation and measurement data of the facilities by applying the NN and TCBM. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of technologies to invent original high-functional materials (development of precise structure control materials for enhancement of oil refining); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (sekiyu seisei kodoka seimitsu kozo seigyo zairyo kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper described the R and D of technologies for creating original high-functional materials under the R and D system of industrial scientific technology. Japan chemical Innovation Institute (JCII) is conducting intensive joint researches under consignment from NEDO with private companies, universities and national research institutes. Among those, the paper reported the fiscal 1997 results of the following two researches conducted as development of precise structure control materials for enhancement of oil refining: precision catalytic polymerization and multi-dimensional space polymer. As to the precision catalytic polymerization, the paper is aimed at developing base technologies for the molecular weight and stereoregularity by which remarkable improvement in performance of addition polymerization type polymer can be expected, and on the development of a polymerization catalyst which arbitarily controls the primary structure such as end group structure and of a precision addition polymerization process. Subthemes are addition polymerization with limit and oriented catalytic polymerization. In relation to multi-dimensional space polymer, the paper is aimed at developing highly selective polymerization technology of aromatic compounds using enzyme related catalysts and synthesis technology of regular structure polymer, and synthesis technology of new polymer group having a new chain pattern except covalent bond/new polymer group having characteristics in three-dimensional space geometric structure. 244 refs,, 160 figs., 94 tabs.

Techniques for virtual lung nodule insertion: volumetric and morphometric comparison of projection-based and image-based methods for quantitative CT

Science.gov (United States)

Robins, Marthony; Solomon, Justin; Sahbaee, Pooyan; Sedlmair, Martin; Choudhury, Kingshuk Roy; Pezeshk, Aria; Sahiner, Berkman; Samei, Ehsan

2017-09-01

Virtual nodule insertion paves the way towards the development of standardized databases of hybrid CT images with known lesions. The purpose of this study was to assess three methods (an established and two newly developed techniques) for inserting virtual lung nodules into CT images. Assessment was done by comparing virtual nodule volume and shape to the CT-derived volume and shape of synthetic nodules. 24 synthetic nodules (three sizes, four morphologies, two repeats) were physically inserted into the lung cavity of an anthropomorphic chest phantom (KYOTO KAGAKU). The phantom was imaged with and without nodules on a commercial CT scanner (SOMATOM Definition Flash, Siemens) using a standard thoracic CT protocol at two dose levels (1.4 and 22 mGy CTDIvol). Raw projection data were saved and reconstructed with filtered back-projection and sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE, strength 5) at 0.6 mm slice thickness. Corresponding 3D idealized, virtual nodule models were co-registered with the CT images to determine each nodule’s location and orientation. Virtual nodules were voxelized, partial volume corrected, and inserted into nodule-free CT data (accounting for system imaging physics) using two methods: projection-based Technique A, and image-based Technique B. Also a third Technique C based on cropping a region of interest from the acquired image of the real nodule and blending it into the nodule-free image was tested. Nodule volumes were measured using a commercial segmentation tool (iNtuition, TeraRecon, Inc.) and deformation was assessed using the Hausdorff distance. Nodule volumes and deformations were compared between the idealized, CT-derived and virtual nodules using a linear mixed effects regression model which utilized the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation (Mea{{n}RHD} , ST{{D}RHD} and C{{V}RHD}{) }~ of the regional Hausdorff distance. Overall, there was a close concordance between the volumes of the CT-derived and

A stylized computational model of the head for the reference Japanese male

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamauchi, M.; Ishikawa, M.; Hoshi, M.

2005-01-01

Computational models of human anatomy, along with Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations, have been used by Snyder et al. [MIRD Pamphlet No. 5, revised (The Society of Nuclear Medicine, New York, 1978)], Cristy and Eckerman [ORNL/TM-8381/VI, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN (1987)] and Zubal et al. [Med. Phys. 21, 299-302 (1994)] to estimate internal organ doses from internal and external radiation sources. These were created using physiological data from Caucasoid subjects but not from other races. There is a need for research to determine whether the obvious differences from the Caucasoid anatomy make these models unsuitable for estimating the absorbed dose in other races such as the Mongoloid. We used the cranial region of the adult Japanese male to represent the Mongoloid race. This region contains organs that are highly sensitive to radiation. The cranial region of a physical phantom produced by KYOTO KAGAKU Co., LTD. using numerical data from a Japanese Reference Man [Tanaka, Nippon Acta. Radiol. 48, 509-513 (1988)] was used to supply the data for the geometry of a stylized computational model. Our computational model was constructed with equations rather than voxel-based, in order to deal with as small a number of parameters as possible in the computer simulation experiment. The accuracy of our computational model was checked by comparing simulated experimental results obtained with MCNP4C with actual doses measured with thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) inside the physical phantom from which our computational model was constructed. The TLDs, whose margin of error is less than ±10%, were arranged at six positions. Co-60 was used as the radiation source. The irradiated dose was 2 Gy in terms of air kerma. In the computer simulation experiments, we used our computational model and Cristy's computational model, whose component data are those of the tissue substitute materials and of the human body as published in ICRU Report 46. The

A field study to determine the prevalence, dairy herd management systems, and fresh cow clinical conditions associated with ketosis in western European dairy herds.

Science.gov (United States)

Berge, Anna C; Vertenten, Geert

2014-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, major management systems, and fresh cow clinical conditions associated with ketosis in western European dairy herds. A total of 131 dairies were enrolled in Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom during 2011 to 2012. A milk-based test for ketones (Keto-Test; Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd., Nagoya, Japan; distributed by Elanco Animal Health, Antwerp, Belgium) was used for screening cows between d 7 and 21 after calving and ketosis was defined as a Keto-Test ≥100µmol/L. Study cows were observed for clinical disease up to 35d postcalving. Multivariate analysis (generalized estimating equation logistic regression) was performed to determine country, farm, management, feed, and cow factors associated with ketosis and to determine associations between ketosis and fresh cow diseases. Thirty-nine percent of the cows were classified as having ketosis. The herd average of ketosis was 43% in Germany, 53% in France, 31% in Italy, 46% in the Netherlands, and 31% in the United Kingdom. Of the 131 farms, 112 (85%) had 25% or more of their fresh cows resulting as positive for ketosis. Clinical ketosis was not reported in most farms and the highest level of clinical ketosis reported was 23%. The risks of ketosis were significantly lower in Italy and the United Kingdom compared with France, the Netherlands, and Germany. Larger herd size was associated with a decreased risk of ketosis. The farms that fed partially mixed rations had 1.5 times higher odds of ketosis than those that fed total mixed rations. Cows that calved in April to June had the highest odds of ketosis, with about twice as high odds compared with cows that calved in July to September. The cows that calved in January to March tended to have 1.5 times higher risk of ketosis compared with cows that calved in July to September. The odds of ketosis in parity 2 and parity 3 to 7 was significantly higher (1.5 and 2.8 times higher

Fiscal 2000 research report on the study on management program for comprehensive assessment of chemical materials; 2000 nendo kagaku busshitsu sogo hyoka kanri program ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the realization of environmentally friendly, sound economic activities and the assurance of a safe and peaceful daily life for people, studies were conducted about comprehensive risk assessment and management techniques to use in dealing with chemical substances. Concerning the above-named management program, a workshop was called, where panel discussion and exchange of views and opinions were held. In the study of overseas technological trends, visits were paid to interested institutes and corporations in Denmark, Sweden, and Germany, where hearings were held over the management and manufacture of chemical substances. Concerning the control of chemical substances, surveys were conducted of the control in Japan and abroad and of the methods that businesses and other organizations followed in meeting the control. It was found that the control was being dealt with earnestly in every country and that chemical substances would stay managed under international collaborative conditions. Efforts were being positively exerted by businesses and other organizations to properly manage and reduce chemical substances and to develop and use substitutes. It was found that measures for handling chemical substances were closely knit into business management. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Survey report on development and utilization of alternative energies for oil in Pacific region; 2000 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A survey was conducted, with environmental matters taken into consideration, for building an information gathering infrastructure for the countries in the Pacific region, capable of promptly and accurately collecting and offering energy related information. Conducted in this fiscal year were regular data gathering, review of oil supply and demand and alternative energy supply and demand in the Pacific region, on-site survey of alternative energy development and utilization in Vietnam, quarterly analyses of trend of energy demand, and the like. The supply of primary energy in the Pacific region increased by 2.3% per year in the period 1980 through 1998. The rate of increase was the lowest with oil, and the highest with hydroelectricity, atomic power, and recoverable energies such as geothermal energy. The Vietnamese Government is promoting its efforts to develop power sources by use of recoverable energies for farm village electrification. Efforts are being earnestly exerted to develop its rich natural gas resources and it is expected that there will be a remarkable achievement in the use of alternative energies due to an increase in natural gas consumption. In the field of data collection, various data were registered with the database. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 report on the survey of making models for introducing petroleum substituting energy systems; 1994 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy system donyu model sakusei ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

In the promotion of measures taken for energy conservation, it is necessary to give local governments, entrepreneurs, etc. appropriate and concrete guidance for introducing energy systems which meet with features of the areas and buildings and courses for how to construct infrastructures of towns or cities in case of development and redevelopment. Recently, also in local governments, etc., there are seen attitudes toward positive study of introduction of energy conservation systems and petroleum substituting energy systems in case of redevelopment, and the situation is that the spread and expansion are expected by giving appropriate guidance for the introduction. Accordingly, the study makes analyses of the trend and characteristics of developmental projects and makes/arranges models of promising petroleum substituting energy systems, aiming at contributing to promotion of guidance for the introduction to local governments, entrepreneurs, etc. Approximately 20 models of petroleum substituting energy systems were made which are thought to be promising. For each, the following were arranged: outline of system, introduction target, introduction effects, the point of promotion of the introduction, related subsidy systems, actual results, etc. 22 figs., 34 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of development and utilization of energy substitutes for oil in the Pacific region; 1999 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The Pacific region is a densely populated region where economy is developing at a high pace with China and other newly industrialized economies at the core. When energy balance in the region is studied, it is found that China and some others have already turned pure importers of energy and that probabilities are high that, along with development of economy and improvement on living standards, all the nations in the region will become pure importers. Accordingly, in the presence of urgent problems of global pollution and oil resources depletion, it is important to make sure that data particularly about the development of substitute energies for oil in this region be collected and duly dealt with for accurately predicting future developments. In this survey, a database is to be built to grasp the trends of energy supply and demand with attention focused on substitutes for oil which are available at hand. In this fiscal year, data for 1997 were added to the database for analysis into demand and supply of substitutes for oil in the Pacific region, and energy data were gathered for this purpose. Detailed tables of balance were compiled, broken down by energy source. Other detailed tables of balance were also prepared, these broken down by ultimate consumption department. (NEDO)

Research report of fiscal 1997. Joint research project on petroleum substituting energy between Japan and the EU; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren kyodo kenkyu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Four researchers were invited from EU countries to promote R & D of petroleum substituting energy in Japan, and the joint research was made in institutes of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology related to each theme for 50 days. On the research on deep geothermal prospecting based on volcanic halocarbon group, it was showed that halocarbon discharged from volcanic or hydrothermal system is an important window to survey activities within the earth. On the research on catalyst for hydrogenation of coal-derived liquid, XPS data was reported, and some preliminary conclusions were obtained. On the research on oxide system anode material for Li secondary cells, a method for improving the state of host to ion moving in 1-D to 3-D networks by diffraction method was showed. In particular, the method was effective to offer electronically sensitive environment to moving ion system. On the research on hydro-dechlorination of hydrocarbon halide, the theme related to environmental measures against waste hydrocarbon halide (depletion of the ozone layer) was studied. 83 refs., 32 figs., 20 tabs.

Report on a survey in fiscal 1998 for petroleum substituting energy development and utilization in the Pacific Ocean region; 1998 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A survey was carried out to make available the information base that can collect, put into order and provide quickly and accurately the energy related information based on global environment problems in the Pacific Ocean region. Fiscal 1998 has performed a substituting energy demand and supply analysis in the Pacific Ocean region by adding the 1996 data, in addition to collection of the normal energy data. For the purpose of analyzing the petroleum substituting energy demand and supply in the Pacific Ocean region, data were collected from 17 countries for fiscal 1997 and the quarterly data for 1998. Retroactive data collection was also continued. The growth rate of primary energy supply in the Pacific Ocean region is 1.8% in average in the 1980's, and 3.8% in the 1990's. In contrast, the growth rate of petroleum substituting energies is 6.4% in the 80's and 6.2% in the former half of the 90's, being far higher than the growth rate of the primary energy supply. The share of the petroleum substituting energies accounting for in the primary energy supply has increased from 6.7% in 1980 to 12.1% in 1996. As the breakdown, nuclear power accounts for overwhelmingly large, followed by geothermal energy and new energies. (NEDO)

Treatment of bilge and oily drain water of tankers and current measures against combustible oil gas discharge; Tanker no biruji yudakusui shori oyobi kanensei sekiyu gas haishutsu taiskau no genjo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Agatsuma, Y.

1996-07-25

This paper describes the current actual conditions on treatment of bilge discharged from engine area and oily drain water from cargo area of tankers. Clean bilge among various bilges discharged from engine area such as vapor drain, fresh water, rainwater, seawater and condensed water is directly dumped into the sea after temporary storage in a clean tank. Oily bilge is produced mainly by mixing of clean bilge and leakage oil from main engines and various auxiliaries. Oily bilge is dumped into the sea under comparative monitoring of the bilge quality with the dumping standard by oil concentration monitoring and control equipment after the primary treatment in a treatment tank and the secondary treatment in a bilge separator. Oily drain water from cargo area contains water ballast for cargo oil tanks, wash water for tanks and lines, and bilge produced in pump room. The oily drain water is dumped under a specific condition. However, water ballast for specific ballast tanks is excluded from the oily drain water. 2 figs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the technology development for abatement of pollutants related to oil refining; 1999 nendo sekiyu seisei osen busshitsu teigen nado gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The technologies are developed for efficiently, economically improving quality of automobile fuels by, e.g., abatement of environmental pollutants present in the oil products. For improvement of hydrodesulfurization rate of gas oil deep hydrodesulfurization process, the catalyst components high in isomerization ability of the hard-to-desulfurize compounds are investigated, and effectiveness of zeolite is confirmed. For production of low-sulfur gas oil by hydrodesulfurization and hydrocracking of heavy oil, the catalyst with small pores is preferable for desulfurization of gas oil as the co-product of the treatment of heavy oil in the presence of catalyst for heavy oil desulfurization. For hydrocracking, the catalysts are prepared, on a trial basis, for achieving the target gas oil sulfur content of 10ppm or less by optimizing the zeolite and matrix properties. For suitability of gas oil qualities, it is found that the hydrogenation step is the rate-determining step among the reaction routes involved in the hydrogenation of difficult-to-desulfurize compounds. The data of low-sulfur gas oil qualities in Europe are collected. (NEDO)

Report on the FY 1999 survey on long-term energy technology strategy/basic survey for working out industrial technology strategy. Technology strategy by field - chemical/process field (chemical/process technology field); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (bun'yabetsu gijutsu senryaku (kagaku process bun'ya (kagaku process gijutsu bun'ya)))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As to long-term energy technology strategy, the paper described the results of the FY 1999 survey of chemical/process technology. The future chemical technology should be transformed from the material production technology in which priority used to be given to convenience to new chemical technology in which the functions needed are to be created. The shortage of the developmental period and minimization of the waste are also desired by the use of new methods. For it, the industry/government/university should gather wisdom together and fulfil the requests from other industries of the country under the circumstances of the society which is aging, is decreasing in birthrate, and is being highly information-oriented. At the same time, the technology should be contributional to constructing the circulating type society which has environmental harmony. If not, it cannot be the technology which is recognized by the society. Efforts should be made for the fundamental technology development, technology to create the materials needed in the society, and development of new process technology to be recognized in the society. Further, the development of technology to meet the needs/restraints from the society should be promoted as seen in the environmental hormone. At the same time, the intellectual base should be prepared such as arrangement of the technology database for advancing smooth technology development. (NEDO)

Development of organic membrane and biosensor. ; Artificial membrane chemical sensor on the model of olfactory cells. Seitaimaku to bio sensor no hatten. ; Kyusaibo wo model to shita jinkomaku kagaku sensor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Enomoto, S; Kashiwayanagi, M; Kurihara, K [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science

1991-05-05

The olfactory cell is the most prominent chemical sensor to detect various kinds of external chemical substances with high sensibility. Consequently, on the model of such an organic chemical sensor mechanism, an artificial membrane with functions to detect and distinguish various chemical substances has been developed. In this study, a test using a lipid bimolecular membrane was carried out. As a result, it was found that the lipid bimolecular membrane showed membrane potential changes responding to various odorants. The mambrane with proper lipid composition presented almost the same sensibility to odorants as an olfactory organ. Response characteristic against various odors changed greatly due to the lipid composition and the addition of protein. It was also found that various odors can be discriminated by analyzing response information obtained from a lot of mambranes with different compositions Such ideas can be applied to the odor discrimination of the artificial membrane sensor. 14 refs., 13 figs.

Relationship of responsible Care and Environmental Management Systems Standard ISO 14001. Example of Sumitomo Chemical; Resuponshiburu{center_dot}kea to kankyo manejimento sisutemu kikaku ISO14001. Sumitomo kagaku no jirei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Kazuo. [Sumitomo Chemical Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-01-15

In the chemical sector, Responsible Care is propelled by the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). The objective of Responsible Care is to improve the performance and reputation of the Chemical Industry in areas that impact on people and environment. Sumitomo Chemical is committed to supporting a continuing effort to improve the chemical industry`s responsible management of chemicals through the Japan Responsible Vare Vouncil program. One the other hand, ISO 14001 had been published on Aug.1996 and have adopted the ISO 14001 as national standards on Oct. 1996. Already 973 companies in Japan, 74 of them in the chemical sector, have been certified to ISO 14001. In this paper, I provides concise commentaries on how Responsible Care and Environmental management systems work in the chemical sector. (author)

Relationship of responsible Care and Environmental Management Systems Standard ISO 14001. Example of Sumitomo Chemical. Resuponshiburu[center dot]kea to kankyo manejimento sisutemu kikaku ISO14001. Sumitomo kagaku no jirei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Kazuo. (Sumitomo Chemical Corp., Tokyo (Japan))

1999-01-15

In the chemical sector, Responsible Care is propelled by the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). The objective of Responsible Care is to improve the performance and reputation of the Chemical Industry in areas that impact on people and environment. Sumitomo Chemical is committed to supporting a continuing effort to improve the chemical industry's responsible management of chemicals through the Japan Responsible Vare Vouncil program. One the other hand, ISO 14001 had been published on Aug.1996 and have adopted the ISO 14001 as national standards on Oct. 1996. Already 973 companies in Japan, 74 of them in the chemical sector, have been certified to ISO 14001. In this paper, I provides concise commentaries on how Responsible Care and Environmental management systems work in the chemical sector. (author)

Report on evaluation on endocrine disturbing effect of chemicals and development of test methods; 1999 nendo kagaku busshitsu no naibunpi kakuran koka ni kansuru hyoka oyobi shikenho no kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With regard to endocrine disturbing effect being the new deleteriousness of chemicals, data were collected and evaluated by using the existing testing methods, data were collected by using the screening test, the testing methods were developed, and international investigation was carried out to establish the risk evaluation methods. In the evaluation by using the existing test methods, seven substance groups deficient in deleteriousness data qualitatively and quantitatively were given reproduction toxicity tests to evaluate availability of the endocrine activity. Development of the screening test method has been carried out by participating the validation test by OECD to make the uterotrophic assay method and the Hershberger assay method a test guideline having international matching property. International investigations to establish the risk evaluation were executed on the molecular mechanism of nuclear receptors, the chemical, metabolic and environmental behaviors of endocrine active substances, the effects of the endocrine active substances on experimental animals and human, the utilization thereof for risk assessment in human, and the effects of endocrine disturbance acting substances in wildlife species. (NEDO)

FY 2000 study report on the study on technological development of the chemical processes of the next generation; 2000 nendo jisedai kagaku process gijutsu kaihatsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The technological development of the innovative chemical reaction processes is studied, in order to accomplish further energy saving, and reduction of resource consumption and environmental loads. Described herein are the FY 2000 study results. The program for systematization of the next-generation chemical processes systematically pigeonholes the undergoing projects and subjects to be studied, based on the principles of simplification, and sets the study fields of organic bulk chemicals, organic fine chemicals, highpolymer materials and inorganic materials. The program for investigation on next-generation chemical processes reviews creation and technological use of tailor-made biocatalysts, polymer materials which utilize wood resources, tailor-made reaction process engineering for handling fine particles in high-temperature reaction fields, production and processing of materials for high-performance polymer batteries, and extreme energy saving process for polyolefins, and proposes the revisions. The newly proposed study themes include novel C1 catalytic processes toward minimal wastes, and high utilization of biotechnology for novel processes to create materials. (NEDO)

Preparation of ultrafine iron particles by chemical vapor deposition of Fe(CO) sub 5. Fe(CO) sub 5 wo gebryo to suru kiso kagaku hanno ni yoru tetsuchobiryushi no seisei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sawada, Y; Kageyama, Y. (Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)): Iwata, M. (Nagoya University, Nagoya (Japan). Faculty of Engineering)

1991-11-10

An ultrafine iron particle preparing process was developed, which wses gaseous phase pyrolysis in magnetic field of iron pentacarbonyl, Fe(CO){sub 5}, based on the fact that Fe(CO){sub 5} has peculiar characters that its boiling point is as low as 103{degree}C, and starts decomposing in a low temperature zone of 100{degree}C or lower. Vaporizing and introducing into a reactor an fe(CO){sub 5}, andPyrolyzing it at 200-600{degree}C while being diluted with nitrogen and applied with a magnetic field produced uitrafine iron particles of a necklace-like chain comprisinh primary particles having diameter of 15 to 25 nm with 10 to 40 of them linked in a straight chain. It was found that the specific surface area is 30-50 m{sup 2}/g, with the diameter converted from the specific surface area being relatively close to the average diameter obtained from TEM photograph, and that the particle has few pores. Magnetically the iron powder has a coercivity of 123-131 KA/m and a specific saturation magnetization of 120-140 Am{sup 2}/kg, and is expected to be applied as a high density magnetic recording medium. 5 refs.,8 figs., 3 tabs.

Research report on the effect of the large-scale industrial technology development system and on how it should be in the future; Ogata kogyo gijutsu kaihatsu seido no seika oyobi kongo no arikata ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1986-03-01

A survey was done about projects implemented under the above-named development system inaugurated in fiscal 1966, and studies are made as to how large projects should be in the future. The survey covered the subjects which had been completed by fiscal 1985, that is, the remotely controlled submarine drilling device for oil, seawater desalination and by-product utilization, electric vehicle, technology of comprehensive control of automobiles, pattern information processing system, direct iron making by use of high-temperature reduced gas, manufacture of olefines from heavy oil, aviation jet engine, resources recycling/reuse system, superhigh-performance laser-aided combined manufacturing system, submarine oil production system, and the optics-aided measurement/control system. Answers were heard from corporations concerned. The answers contained some complaints, concerning the shortage of experience on the part of participating corporations, degradation in planning functions, increase in the burden of leading companies, shortage of study or conference about an optimum promotion system, problems in accounting and auditing systems, etc., and suggestions were presented for improvement on large-scale projects. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1995 report on the survey of making models for introducing petroleum substituting energy systems. 2; 1995 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy system donyu model sakusei ni kansuru chosa). 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In the promotion of measures taken for energy conservation, it is necessary to give local governments, entrepreneurs, etc. guidance for introducing energy systems which meet with features of the buildings and courses for how to construct infrastructures of towns or cities in case of development, redevelopment, etc. In fiscal 1995, each of the petroleum substituting energy systems was studied more detailedly, and the trend of building facilities for the introduction was studied and arranged. Energy systems by the following were set up paying attention to energy sources, energy conversion and energy transportation as factors composing a petroleum substituting energy system: photovoltaic power generation, use of solar energy, use of wind energy, use of geothermal energy, use of biomass energy, use of waste, use of temperature difference energy, cogeneration, load levelling, wide-area energy supply, etc. Also studied and arranged were energy demand, location, the recent trend, the point of introduction of energy systems, examples of introduction, etc. in relation to indoor sport facilities, hospitals, hotels, multiple dwelling apartments, commercial facilities, offices, plants, etc. 52 figs., 55 tabs.

Research report of fiscal 1997. Invitation project of specialists on petroleum substituting energy between Japan and the EU; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren senmonka shohei jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Specialists were invited from EU countries for information exchange to promote R and D of petroleum substituting energy in Japan. In the seminar on the present and future trend of R and D of fuel cells in EU countries, the present R and D state of fuel cells in Italy, the present state and future R and D plan of fuel cells in ANSALDO group, the state of SOFC R and D in Germany and by international cooperation, and R and D of polymer electrolyte fuel cell in Fraunhofer institute for Solar Energy Systems were reported contributing to mutual understanding between Japan and the EU. Exchange of opinions and information was also made between 4 fuel cell specialists of EU countries and Japanese specialists. The report on such an exchange includes the outline of Japanese fuel cell technologies, and the present R and D states of phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). The specialists visited some government organizations, semi-government organizations, institutes and private enterprises related to promotion, support and verification of R and D of fuel cells. 2 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1999 on international research cooperation project. Research and development of transfer standard for oil flowmeter; 1999 nendo sekiyu ryuryokei no iten hyojunki no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Research was conducted for the development of a highly reliable flowmeter which enables the efficient calibration of flowmeters at oil plant working sites and the international comparison of oil flow standards, and is also usable as the standard of oil flow at private businesses. In this connection, international research cooperation was carried out with Physical Engineering Research Institute, Germany. In the study of rotors, tooth profiles were contrived and various analyses were conducted for each screw type. In the study of flow inside flowmeters and of structures, screw-type volumetric flowmeters of K Co. were subjected to various tests for structural analysis, and visible models were fabricated for the clarification of flow characteristics. In the study of servo systems and instrumentation, several types of pressure difference detecting mechanisms were newly contrived, and servo control systems were investigated. In the study of trial manufacture and evaluation, the UF-VI080{alpha} cast iron (FC250) rotor flowmeter and the UF-VI080{alpha} aluminum (A7075BE) rotor flowmeter were examined. Both failed to achieve the target precision of {+-}0.2% in the case of gasoline but, in the case of kerosene and heavy oil, the target levels were sufficiently met. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on research and development of industrial technologies. Research and development of synergy ceramics; 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts are conducted in the two fields of (1) survey and research and (2) development of technology for evaluating high temperature dynamic corrosion characteristics of heat resistant ceramics. In field (1), a comprehensive survey is conducted, an application study is conducted about high temperature gas separating ceramic membranes, and efforts are made to put to practical use ceramic parts manufactured by a low cost production process. In the application study of ceramic membranes, technologies are developed for a process of manufacturing high temperature gas separating porous ceramic membranes capable of separating and purifying gas emissions and gas ingredients, which involves the development of technologies for improving on gas separation and purification functions, development of technology of providing catalyst support function, technology of porous membrane formation, evaluation of separation characteristics, and so forth. In an application study for ceramic parts manufactured by a low cost manufacturing process, which involves structural ceramics, optimization is accomplished for materials synthesizing technologies by means of mechanical alloying, and cylinder liners are fabricated and evaluated for a natural gas engine made of silicon nitride based ceramics. In field (2), a high temperature dynamic corrosion testing device is built for heat shield coatings. (NEDO)

Estimation of original reservoir fluid composition prior to aquifer boiling induced by well discharge. Kieki niso ryunyu ni okeru choryu sonai futto izen no chinetsu ryutai no kagaku soshiki no suiteiho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seki, Y [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan)

1991-07-29

A method for estimating chemical composition of original fluid before boiling from the composition of whole fluid flowing into a well is described for the case where an aquifer boiling has begun in a reservoir bed associated with discharge of geothermal fluid from the well (the enthalpy of fluid flowing into the well is larger than an enthalpy possessed by a hot fluid-phase saturated by steam at measured temperatures at flowing point). In this case, it is especially pointed out that the gas-liquid ratio at the well flow-in point becomes larger than the one at boiling. The boiling in the reservoir bed is modelled into two types. One is for larger coefficient of permeation in the reservoir bed where the discharge flow at the well is large, the temperature drop around the well is small, and the boiling is in single stage. The other is for smaller coefficient of permeation in the reservoir bed where the discharge flow and temperature drop are contrastive to the former case, and the boiling is in multi-stage. Calculation processes based on this boiling model are explained with calculation examples. 8 refs.,7 figs.

FY 2000 report on the basic survey to promote Joint Implementation, etc. Feasibility study of the effective utilization of by-product high-sulfur concentration petroleum coke at Fujian Petrochemical Co. Ltd., Fujian Province, China; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa hokokusho. Chugoku sekiyu kako shudan koji fukusei ren'yu kako yugen koji Fujian koio nodo sekiyu cokes no yuko riyo ni kansuru F/S chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of conserving energy and reducing greenhouse effect gas emission, an investigational study was conducted for the project on the effective utilization of high-sulfur petroleum coke at Fujian Petrochemical Co., Fujian Province, China. In the project, IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) power generation facilities are introduced to the refinery of Fujian Petrochemical Co. By gasifying the residues produced from the refinery as raw material, the gas clean the same as natural gas is produced and is used as power generation use fuel. As a result of the study, the energy conservation amount was 94,300 toe/y, and was 1,414,500 toe in cumulative amount during 15 years. Further, the amount of greenhouse effect gas reduction was 291,600 t-CO2/y, and was 4,374,000 t-CO2 in cumulative amount during 15 years. The construction cost of the project is approximately 29.7 billion yen. The annual profit to be obtained from the project is approximately 8.66 billion yen, which is indicated by difference between before and after the implementation of the project. The calculated years required for return of investment were 3.4. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the plant use energy utilization rationalization industrial material production technology; 1999 nendo shokubutsu riyo energy shiyo gorika kogyo genryo seisan gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of using plants to the process to produce energy conservation type/environmentally friendly type industrial materials, the R and D were conducted on the improvement in material productivity/stress resistance of plants by transgenetic technology, etc., and the FY 1999 results were summarized. In the study of the creation of plants to produce industrial materials by genetic recombination of eucalyptus trees, it was found out that early maturing branches of eucalyptus trees were a material suitable for Agrobacterium infection, and conditions to efficiently acquire transformation calluses were obtained. In the R and D of the creation of soybeans to produce polyunsaturated fatty acid, a gene of unsaturated enzyme was acquired from Mortierella alpina storing ultra-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, and an experimental study was made to study whether or not this gene functions by plant. Further, studies were conducted on the technology to produce hybrid fiber by salt tolerance plants, creation of plants to produce isoprenoid/natural rubber, technology to produce tissue-specific high proteins, study on the molecular breeding of disease resistant plants, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D on the assessment of reliability of oil refining facilities; 1999 nendo sekiyu seisei setsubi shinraisei hyoka nado gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

At present, in oil refineries in Japan, the term of the continued operation in oil refining facilities is shorter than that in Europe and America because of the regulation on the open inspection period for boilers and hazardous material storage tanks. As a result, the refining cost is comparatively higher than in Europe and America due to the increase in inspection/repair cost and decrease in operational rate. Therefore, it is becoming important to effectively supply petroleum products by keeping stability in oil refining facilities of the whole Japan and prolonging the term of the continued operation of oil refining facilities, etc. In this R and D, the technical development is conducted which is needed for the long-term continued operation of oil refining facilities. The items for the R and D are as follows: assessment technology of reliability of oil refining high temperature system facilities, assessment technology of reliability of piping/storage facilities in oil refinery, assessment technology of reliability of oil refining power system facilities, technology of management support system in oil refining facilities. In this fiscal year, technical survey, data collection, and construction of the basic concept of developmental technology were mostly conducted. Also conducted were trial manufacture of various probes for non-fracture inspection use, oscillators, etc., and basic design of inspection equipment and trial manufacture of a part of them. And the data acquired were analyzed. (NEDO)

Time domain electromagnetic method for petroleum exploration. Part 3. Case study in Yoneyama area; Sekiyu tansa ni okeru TDEM ho data shutoku to kaiseki ni tsuite. 3. Niigataken Yoneyama chiiki deno tekiyorei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishikawa, H; Mitsuhata, Y [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Shiga, N [Mitsui Mineral Development Engineering Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-05-01

The result is reported of a TDEM method-based survey for oil exploration conducted in the Yoneyama district, Niigata Prefecture. The survey covered the southern part of the sedimentary basin in the prefecture, known for the poor quality of the seismic prospecting data that had been recorded. The purpose of the TDEM method-assisted survey was to probe the high-resistivity volcanic rock structure and low-resistivity sedimentary layer, and to know their details. The obtained data were subjected to interpretation by use of the 1D inversion method. A 4000m-deep level was subjected to interpretation, 34 data were inputted, and the early model consisted of 20 layers. As the result, it was found that there was a high-resistivity layer ranging from the ground surface down to a depth of approximately 500m, that a low-resistivity layer 2500-3000m in thickness lay thereunder, and that the lowest layer had a high resistivity of approximately 100 Ohm m. By comparing these data with the geological structure, structures were disclosed corresponding to the rock bed depth, Ukawa syncline, Ishiguro anticline, and Yoneyama mountain mass. 3 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO (book on the handling / gas lift system). Report on the results of the R and D of the overall base technology of ocean resources (R and D of submarine oil drilling technology, etc.); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shine Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kaiyo shigen sogo kiban gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (kaitei sekiyu kussaku gijutsu nado kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho (handling / gas lift system hen)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper conducted a R and D on the handling of drilling equipment in drilling/collecting of submarine oil and the gas lift of artificial oil extraction technology. As to each equipment of a barge style handling system, conducted were assembly/adjustment/trial run on land and pipe handling experiments on sea. In the experiment, confirmed were pipe transfer function, lifting function, fitting function, grasping function, etc. In the ocean experiment, studied were pipe bending stress, Karman vortex control effects, etc. Relating to the gas lift system, experiments were made on confirmation of fabrication/performance of air compressor. Moreover, a technique of air transportation to the blowing inlet of the gas lift pipe was established by developing an air blowing system and fabricating a long-distance flexible pipe. Concerning the gas/liquid/solid three-phase separator, a cyclone separator was developed, and improvement in lifting efficiency was confirmed. Helped by these, the problems of the gas lift system were almost solved, and a possibility of the commercial-base production system was obtained. 2 refs., 182 figs., 47 tabs.

R and D project for large industrial technologies in fiscal 1989. Report on achievements in R and D of robots for critical works; 1989 nendo seika hokokusho. Ogata kogyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kyokugen sagyo robot no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

Research and development have been performed on basic technologies common to different types of robots to carry out works in critical conditions. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1989. In the R and D of sensor technologies, a prototype tri-axial one-millimeter sensor array and a signal processing device were produced and evaluations were given. A prototype production and evaluations were made on a system that can recognize comprehensively the slip, hardness, and moment as the tri-axial tactile information. In the R and D of motive force technologies, discussions were given on improvement of sensitivity of the torque sensor in the actuator for force control. Design and prototype fabrication were carried out on a speed reducer integrated actuator having a torque sensor for the manipulator's elbow joint. In addition, a force controlled controller was fabricated on a trial basis, which compensates the non-linearity of the force controlled actuator by means of software control. In the R and D of the robot languages, an application program was prepared on a representative work related to movements of a critical work robot. Verification was also conducted on the reasonability of the grammar specifications. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the model project on facilities for the effective utilization of industrial waste from industrial complex. Separate Volume 3; 2000 nendo Kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi model jigyo. Dai 3 Bunsatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

For the purpose of promoting the effective utilization of industrial waste as petroleum substitution energy resource and reducing the consumption of fossil fuels in Thailand, a model project on facilities for the effective utilization of industrial waste from industrial complex was worked on, and the FY 2000 results were reported. In Separate Volume 3, drawings of the following were included: furnace, free board spray nozzle, dispersion air nozzle, secondary burner, sand make-up conveyor, sand discharge gate, boiler, silencer for boiler safety valve, steam header, steam accumulator, gas cooling tower, refuse drainage storage tank, small sized drainage pump, pressure tank, flue gas duct, air damper, incombustible conveyor 2, sand circulation system bag filter, weighing bridge, fan starter panel, control panel, control panel, local switch box, distributed control system, field instrument, flue gas analyzer. (NEDO)

R and D project for large industrial technologies in fiscal 1990. Report on achievements in R and D of robots for critical works; 1990 nendo seika hokokusho. Ogata kogyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kyokugen sagyo robot no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-01-01

Research and development have been performed on basic technologies common to different types of robots to carry out works in critical conditions. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1990. In the R and D of tactile sensors, a prototype multi-element sensor array applicable to fingers of a robot hand was produced, and the characteristics test was conducted. In the R and D of motive force technologies, a force controlled actuator for wrist containing a torque sensor was designed and produced on a trial basis, whereas evaluations were given on the size and weight reduction and the force control performance. Regarding the actuator with redundant degree of freedom, a force controlled arm was attached with an actuator with three degrees of freedom to have performed an evaluation experiment. With regard to a small size and light weight controller, fabrication was carried out on a multi-function, high-density controller which adds positional control and peripheral interface functions to the force controlling function, and an evaluation was given. In the R and D of robot language, discussions were given on robot languages related to each system of movement, manipulation, and sensors, and the grammar specifications were prepared. (NEDO)

Present situation, current problems and countermeasures to solve them by the material technology group in chemical companies; Kagaku shakai ni okeru sochi zairyo gijutsu no genjo to kadai oyobi sore eno taio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakahara, Masao. [Asahi Chemical Industry Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Production Technology Center

1999-05-15

A questionnaire investigation about the present situation, current problems and countermeasure to be discussed with by material technology groups in the eight chemical companies was carried out. It has become clear from the analysis of answers obtained that the roll of material group has been changing under the diminishing construction of new plant and the increased needs of stable and sustainable plant operation. The present major subjects of material groups, which are pointed out in the answers, are such new technological problems as the plant life estimation, the dissemination and handing down of material technology and the upbringing of technology successors. The countermeasures to meet those requirements made clear are such technology developments as a new monitoring system, preparation of database on material technology and closer cooperation with relatied associations. It is hoped for that the findings of this study would lead to further and more detailed indentification of common problems to be solved and development of practical countermeasures therefor. (author)

Reduction reaction of chlorine gas in an Al-Cl2 chemical cell composed of molten chloride salts; Enkabutsu yoyuenkei Al-Cl2 kagaku denchi ni okeru enso gas no kangen hanno kyodo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konda, S.; Sasaki, T.; Ishikawa, T. [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan)

1996-10-05

The molten salt system electrochemical cycle was proposed to reproduce pure Al from scrap Al. The cycle is composed of production of rough AlCl3 by chlorination of scrap Al, refining of rough AlCl3 mainly by sublimation, and electrolytic reproduction of pure Al from refined AlCl3. In production of AlCl3, the Al-Cl2 molten salt system cell composed of anode dissolution reaction of Al and cathode reduction reaction of chlorine gas can generate electric power for the electrolytic reproduction. Chlorine gas can be recycled as anode product. Various experiments were carried out to improve molten salt system cells. In analysis of cell output, voltage drop from open circuit voltage was divided into that due to electrolytic bath resistance, and that due to reaction resistance. The electrolytic bath resistance could be determined from transient characteristics of voltage change just after cutoff of output current. The product of the obtained reaction resistance and a meniscus length was constant regardless of a meniscus length, and useful to predict scale-up cell performance. Output characteristics dependent on meniscus position were also obtained. 16 refs., 11 figs.

Fiscal 1999 report on basic research for promotion of joint implementation programs. Energy saving project for Jingling Petrochemical Corp. Nanjing Refinery; 1999 nendo Jingling sekiyu kako koji Nanjing seiyusho shoene project chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A survey is conducted for the above named plant under an energy saving project expected to link to the clean development mechanism (CDM) of COP3 (Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). Studies are conducted about the refurbishment of the existing power recovering facilities in the wake of a plan for enhancing FCC (fluid catalytic cracker) processing capability and about power recovery from unused exhaust gas from the RFCC (residual fluid catalytic cracker) second catalyst regeneration tower. A modification plan was drafted and rough designs were prepared therefor, and it was found that power recovery from RFCC would be technologically and economically unfeasible because of the high temperature and extremely small quantity of the recoverable gas. It was then concluded that the plan be abandoned. Thanks to the refurbishment of the existing power recovering facilities to go out of service under the new operating conditions after FCC facility modification and to the installation of a new exhaust gas processor for air pollution prevention, there will be 10.6MW to be recovered for a reduction in fuel for in-house power generation. The consequential reduction in energy consumption will result in a CO2 reduction of 70,000 tons/year. Though China has not yet ratified the COP3 protocol, it is hoped that it will consider emission tradings and participate in the project when designated as a CDM country. (NEDO)

Report on surveys in fiscal 1998 on the project to invite petroleum substituting energy related experts in Japan and EU; Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren senmonka shohei jigyo 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In relation with coping with global environmental problems in recent years, needs are increasing more than ever for enhancing fossil energy utilization rates, developing and expanding utilization of petroleum substituting energies that can substitute fossil energies. Since Japan is particularly a large energy consuming country, and cannot escape from depending on import for the majority of its energy resources, it is an urgent issue to enhance the energy utilization efficiency and further promote development and utilization of new energies. To do this, it is indispensable to exchange such item of information as identification of actual status in other countries of handling the petroleum substituting energies. Taking up geothermal energy, fiscal 1998 invited four experts from EU countries. Visits were made for about two weeks on Japanese research institutes and business enterprises related to geothermal energy, and opinions and information were exchanged. A seminar was held on the final day, where the EU experts have made presentations on the current status and future prospects on geothermal research and development in EU. Greatly valuable suggestions were given for the Japan's future geothermal research and development. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the basic survey of the promotion of Joint Implementation, etc. Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Co./cogeneration; 1999 nendo Beijing Yanshan sekiyu kako yugen koji netsu heikyu fukugo hatsuden chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For a combination with COP3 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), the paper reported the FY 1999 survey of the cogeneration project of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Co. The existing two heavy oil fueled boilers (steam output: 240t/h) are dismantled, and two gas turbines and two waste heat boilers (steam output: 241t/h, electricity output: 136.9MW) are installed. The energy conservation effect is approximately 0.91 million tons/year of crude oil. The effect of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is CO2 2.83 million tons/year. A plan on system interconnection, distribution, electricity, instrumentation control was drawn up. The construction term is planned to be about two and a half years. The initial investment amount is 700 million yuan {+-} 100 million yuan. The expense vs. energy conservation effect was calculated as 98t (crude oil conversion)/year/million yen, and the expense vs. greenhouse gas emission reduction effect 302t-CO2/year/million yen. Concerning the profitability, the generating cost was 0.4 yuan/kWh which dropped from the selling power cost of the Yanshan area, 0.45 yuan/kWh. As candidates of the natural gas fueled cogeneration, there are possibilities of 10 sites and 550MW scale only in the Beijing area. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on the research and development of transfer standard gage for oil flowmeter (final assessment); 2000 nendo sekiyu ryuryokei no iten hyojunki no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (saishu hyoka hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In a servo PD (positive displacement) flowmeter for oil, a differential pressure transmitter detects difference in pressure between the PD flowmeter input and output ports and a rotor is driven by a servo motor so that the pressure difference between before and after the PD flowmeter rotor will be zero. The design enables high-accuracy measurement across a wide range of flow rates and is not easily affected by the surrounding physical conditions such as viscosity and density. For the development of such a flowmeter, it is necessary to develop a rotor that rotates smoothly free of locking in a steady and uniform flow, to build a visualized model that enables the analysis of flow inside the flowmeter which in turn will enable the determination of optimum differential pressure detecting ports, and to connect a newly developed servo mechanism to the thus determined ports. As the result of the research, a servo PD flowmeter is developed, which is a 50mm diameter prototype employing the Invoflex tooth form which is the waveform for a rotor suitable for a high performance flowmeter. Placed in a generally used oil flow calibration liquid, which is gasoline, kerosene, or the like, it covers a flow rate range of 1:10 and reads with an accuracy of {+-}0.1%. It remains stable in performance and suffers but a little change with the passage of time. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Development of an industrial rinsing equipment of environmentally harmonizing type using an ultra critical fluid (the second year); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Chorinkai ryutai wo mochiita kankyo chowagata kogyo senjo sochi no kaihatsu (dai 2 nendo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This project is intended for environment friendly and pollution-free rinsing by using an ultra critical fluid of CO2 being an atmospheric constituent. It also has a purpose of establishing a new rinsing method implemented by an ultra precision component machine and device using such features possessed by the ultra critical fluid as high permeability and disinfecting activities. It is further intended of developing, fabricating, and practically using a rinsing equipment that makes possible precision rinsing of mechanical, electronic, optical and aeronautical components. Using the results of experiments performed in the previous year as the base, discussions were given on the relationship between the two aspects of the hardware aspect such as equipment configuration and piping of the rinsing equipment and the software aspect such as operating conditions and procedures and the rising effect. As a result, a new rinsing equipment of solvent circulation type was proposed. The basic design software for the specific equipment was completed, and an experimental equipment was designed and fabricated under the clean specifications. The performance evaluation and verification experiments were finished in the end of fiscal 1998, and collection of fundamental data has begun. With regard to the rinsing evaluation method, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on the rinsing by using a surface shape measuring microscope and the infrared spectroscopy. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998. Comprehensive research cooperation on environmental technologies (study of air pollution monitoring at model industrial estate in Thailand); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo gijutsu sogo kenkyu kyoryoku (Taikoku model kogyo danchi taiki osen monitoring ni kansuru kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Cooperative studies are conducted for the improvement of technologies for preventing air pollution caused by SOx, NOx, volatile organic compounds, etc., discharged into the air by mills and factories. For the measurement of air pollution, instruments capable of automatic and uninterrupted measurement of SOx, NOx, and suspended particle matters are installed at Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate, and measurement is carried out. Volatile organic compounds are measured and analyzed along the borderline enclosing the estate. The amounts of SOx and NOx emitted by automobiles, ships, etc., are calculated. An air pollutant diffusion simulating model is built, into which data about pollution sources and weather are inputted for the calculation of SOx and NOx concentration levels at the industrial estate as is. Technologies are transferred to Thai researchers and engineers, which involve the use of instruments for the measurement of pollution levels in the environment and for the observation of weather conditions, the techniques of sampling and analysis, the construction of atmosphere simulating models, and the analysis and evaluation of the existing air pollution. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the R and D of the industrial science technology. R and D of synergy ceramics; 1998 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Hazardous ingredients in gases exhausted from diesel, refuse treatment facilities, etc. are becoming the problem. The development is expected of porous ceramic films which have functions of separation/purification at high temperature. By making good use of the technology to synthesize ceramic films with uniform through pores of several ten nm order and the technology to form 1D through pores of several ten - 100{mu} m order, the development of the following technologies were made and are in sight: enhancement of functions of gas separation/purification, function of catalyst-carrying to be given, porous film formation/base material fabrication. For the commercialization of high performance structure use ceramic parts, required is innovation of the production method by which the production cost is reduced without damaging the characteristics. Technologies were used of micro-fine raw materials, rapid sintering, texture assessment, analysis, etc., and study was made of cost reduction in high performance ceramic parts. For energy conservation by reducing the sintering temperature, the following were trially conducted: mechanical ironing, use of low grade raw material, use of superplastic reformation and forging, etc. (NEDO)

Overview of FY1997 human media technology R and D; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku jigyo. Human media no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper reports a summary of results in fiscal 1997 of research and development of human media technology. Fiscal 1997 launched design and trial fabrication of the following items: interface to improve efficiency and safety of plant operators, accommodation of multimedia contents to aid Kansei design, city development design aiding technologies using contents retrieval and presentation technologies and virtual reality, and empirical evaluation technologies for safety, comfort and convenience. Specific study assignments were extracted on a virtual media technology, a Kansei media technology and a knowledge media technology being three elementary technologies for human media to make clear the research and development approaches to be taken in the coming fiscal years. In addition, a human media technology committee, a research and development working group, and an investigation working group were established. Also launched were investigations on research trends in the human media technology, and investigative researches on contacts of information needs in industries with human media. 59 refs., 114 figs., 24 tabs.

Survey report for fiscal 1998. Joint research project with researchers related to petroleum substituting energies in the EU countries; 1998 nendo EU shokoku no sekiyu daitai energy kanren kenkyusha tono kyodo kenkyu jigyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

It was intended to invite researchers related to petroleum substituting energies from the EU countries to perform joint researches at research organizations under the auspices of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology having deep relations with research themes of the invited researchers, to deepen the mutual understanding, and to form efficient cooperative relationship. The intention is also to contribute to research and development of petroleum substituting energies to be used in Japan in the future. The research themes, researchers, their research organizations, and the receiving research organizations are as follows: (1) evaluation of reservoir impedance in high-temperature rock experimental fields by Mr. Ralph Weidler (Germany) at Ruhr University received by the Resource and Environmental Technology Research Institute; (2) changing the particle boundary structure of ceramics by using the alkoxide process by Dr. Ramon Torrecillas (Spain) at Institute Nacional del Carbon received by the Nagoya Industrial Technology Research Institute; (3) research on corrosion in metallic materials for molten carbonate type fuel cells by Dr. Giuseppe Calogero (Italy) at Institute for Transformation and Storage of Energy received by the Osaka Industrial Technology Research Institute; and (4) estimation of behavior of deep geothermal reservoirs with high enthalpy by Dr. Enrico Maranini at Universita' Di Ferrara received by the Geology Survey Center. (NEDO)

Report on the FY 1999 study of the decomposition/removal of environmental pollutants using laser induced chemical reaction; 1999 nendo laser yuki kagaku hanno wo mochiita kankyo osen busshitsu no bunkai jokyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the cleavage of carbon-chlorine connection and decomposition of benzene rings which are hazardous causes of the environmental pollutants represented by dioxins, the photolysis of gaseous phase chlorobenzene used as a model compound was made using KrF and ArF excimer laser. The decomposition is high efficiency, and ArF shorter in wavelength can be compounded twice-four times as fast as KrF. It was found out that in the system where oxygen exists, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetylene, hydrogen chloride, etc. are produced as decomposition products. From the results of the gaschromatographical analysis, chlorine compounds were detected as solid phase decomposition products. However, by the oxygen existence effect and laser shorter wavelength effect, the formation of polychlorinated aromatics was controlled, and chlorine compounds were made non-pollutant together with the composition. It was indicated that the environmental clean-up technology using laser is effective for making low-concentration environmental pollutants non-pollutant, and it is a method to clean up the environment which has a wide range of the application field. (NEDO)

Use of chemically treated carbon dioxide. ; Separation, recovery and fixation of carbon dioxide from large scale origination. Nisanka tanso no kagaku teki shori riyo; Nisanka tanso no daikibo hasseigen kara no bunri kaishu to koteika

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, M. (National Research Inst. for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba (Japan))

1991-02-15

Tehcnology for separation, recovery and fixation of CO {sub 2} was stated. In an absorption method used as a separating recovery method, CO {sub 2} in the waste gas is absorbed into a solution such as amine, heated and recovered. In an adsorption method, the CO {sub 2} is adsorbed by adsorbent such as zeolite, and recovered either by reduction of pressure or by heating. In a distillation method, the CO {sub 2} is distilled under low temperature and high pressure. In a membrane separation method, the difference of the membrane transmisison speed is used. In a fixation technology, the CO {sub 2} disposed into the ocean is liquefied by compression and forced into the deep sea through pipings. The liquid CO {sub 2} has greater density than water under 200 to 300 atmospheric pressure and clathrate is produced over the interface between the sea water and the liquid CO {sub 2} but the influence on the environment should be evaluated. As a means of recycling, synthesis of methanol or hydrocarbon with hydrogen contacting can be considered, and if such synthesis is used, fossil fuel can be reduced. As the source of the hydrogen, a method for combining the electrolysis of water and energy such as the sun and hydraulic power which do not generate CO {sub 2}. 16 refs., 3 figs.

Application of magnetotelluric method to hydrocarbon exploration. Case study of MT survey in Yurihara oil and gas field, Akita prefecture; MT ho no kokunai sekiyu tanko eno tekiyo. Akitaken Yurihara chiiki ni okeru jikken chosa kekka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mitsuhata, Y; Matsuo, K; Ishikawa, H; Tanaka, H; Nakagami, K [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center

1996-10-01

The experiment and survey were carried out to verify the effectiveness and limitation of MT method. The previous seismic reflection method is unsuitable for steep terrain and over-folded complicated geological structure. In such difficult areas, application of MT method is increasing as complement or substitution for the reflection method. However, the evaluation of resistivity structure interpretation for every area is slightly difficult because of lack of data, poor quality of data, and no verification data at boreholes. Consequently, the survey was again carried out in well-known Yurihara oil and gas field, Akita prefecture whose geological structure has been surveyed in detail at boreholes, by adding new 32 sites, 22 sites on the south side and 10 sites on the north side of the measuring line extending from east to west. As a result, it was clarified that the lower high-resistivity layer found by MT method is equal to the Nishikurosawa basaltic layer, and basalt extends to the west in the north area. This result can`t be simply compared with the previous geological profile. 8 refs., 8 figs.

Industrial science and technology research and development institutions in fiscal 1999. Report on achievements in research and development of human media; 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido. Human media no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In order to give the society with the full picture of human media at an early time, actual problems in industries were taken up. This paper summarizes the sensitivity agent to support sensitivity of individuals, the human media database, the urban environment human media aiming at symbiosis of nature with artificial environment, and the achievements of comprehensive investigations and researches in fiscals 1999 and 2000. Activities were taken in the following four areas: 1) research and development of the sensitivity agent and human media database, 2) research and development of the urban environment human media, 3) comprehensive investigations and researches, and 4) investigations on technological trends in foreign countries. In Item 1), discussions were given on the technology to present full-color images at high accuracy, the image sensitivity retrieval technology, and the multi-dimensional interface technology for the human media database. In studying the basic human media technology, discussions were given on the basic sensitivity modeling technology, and the sensitivity agent mechanism. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project to promote the comprehensive management of petroleum products. Development of a risk assessment system; 2000 nendo sekiyu seihin sogo kanri suishin jigyo seika hokokusho. Risk hyoka system kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The R and D were conducted on the system to assess risk of chemicals which considers the human health, environment, etc., and the FY 2000 results were reported. In this fiscal year, the goal of the study was to establish a system of user-friendly interface, easy-to-use system components and data access methodology. As to the details of the system, additional assessment items on the human health were found and surveyed, and the development of a new system for the assessment of acute exposure was started. Relating to the handling of various data on toxicity, physical properties, etc., reference is to be made to the database of National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, MITI, as a base. Concerning the simple assessment corresponding to the PRTR method, almost all 435 chemicals designated by the PRTR act were to be included in the internal database. As to the development of the system, the simple assessment system corresponding to the PRTR method was developed, and a testing system, {beta} version, was completed. Further, the development of a 'site-specific assessment system' was started which considers the geological/meteorological situation of the site. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project to promote the comprehensive management of petroleum products. Development of a risk assessment system; 2000 nendo sekiyu seihin sogo kanri suishin jigyo seika hokokusho. Risk hyoka system kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The R and D were conducted on the system to assess risk of chemicals which considers the human health, environment, etc., and the FY 2000 results were reported. In this fiscal year, the goal of the study was to establish a system of user-friendly interface, easy-to-use system components and data access methodology. As to the details of the system, additional assessment items on the human health were found and surveyed, and the development of a new system for the assessment of acute exposure was started. Relating to the handling of various data on toxicity, physical properties, etc., reference is to be made to the database of National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, MITI, as a base. Concerning the simple assessment corresponding to the PRTR method, almost all 435 chemicals designated by the PRTR act were to be included in the internal database. As to the development of the system, the simple assessment system corresponding to the PRTR method was developed, and a testing system, {beta} version, was completed. Further, the development of a 'site-specific assessment system' was started which considers the geological/meteorological situation of the site. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the environmentally friendly type production technology - high functional chemical synthesis bioreactor; 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata seisan gijutsu (kokino kagaku gosei bioreactor) kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The R and D were carried out of 'high functional chemical synthesis bioreactor' which makes use of the reaction mechanism of the living organism composed under normal temperature/normal pressure, and the FY 1999 results were summed up. In the development of the element technology to control appearance of bacteria and animal cells, a reactor assessment system to produce the combined transferrin was constructed using the recombined cells which were bred by introducing the integrated vector. By this assessment system, the target value of material productivity was achieved. As to the multiple stage enzyme reaction control breeding technology, the colon bacillus into which 6 kinds of genes in relation to the reaction from hydroxypyruvaldehyde dehydrogenase to cysteine were integrated was incubated, and the appearance of all the enzymes was achieved. In the technology development of a bioreactor system, the production of 1 unit/mg protein of enzyme in 24 hours was achieved using the continuous two step incubation system. Further, to assess the material productivity of the recombined colibacillus, study of conditions of cysteine production was made using the fixed fungus body, and cysteine productivity of 11.3g/l was successfully achieved. (NEDO)

Joint Research. Report on the results of developing commercialization of a technology of process wastes and re-utilize them by using petroleum substituting energy; Kyodo kenkyu. Sekiyu daitai energy riyo haikibutsu shori saishigenka gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A study was conducted on a technology to melt shredder dust and non-combustible wastes directly by using coal, reduce their volume and re-utilize them. The elementary study on a high-temperature melting and treating technology set such targets as optimizing the melting and treating technology in correspondence with properties of materials to be treated, by using a small melting test plant, achieving a volume reduction rate of 1/200, and reducing treatment cost. In order to make innoxious the different kinds of environmental loading materials contained in exhaust gas from a high-temperature gasification and direct melting system, discussions were given on an optimum control condition for the exhaust gas system facilities. Furthermore, physical properties of discharges (slags nd metals) were investigated to discuss material re-utilization. In discussing optimal systems, three kinds of systems including two types utilizing fuels were proposed as high-temperature gasification and melting treatment process from a viewpoint of technology and cost. Respective systems were compared with each other on treatment cost, and their priorities were identified. 56 refs., 50 figs., 55 tabs.

Achievement report in fiscal 1999 on commissioned research project. 'Model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes in Thailand' Project for 1999 Volume 1; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to reuse industrial wastes and effectively utilize them as a petroleum replacing energy resource, and attempt to reduce consumption of fossil fuel in Thailand where increase in discharge of industrial wastes is estimated, a model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes has been carried out. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. Specifically, the project calls for incineration in fluidized bed incinerators of industrial wastes discharged from factories in industrial complexes possessed by the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand (IEAT), recovery of waste heat from waste heat recovering boilers to generate process steam, which is supplied to the factories in the complexes. The current fiscal year, which is the first current year of the project, has put into order the operations shared by Japan and Thailand, compiled the various procedures and schedules into the form of appendices to the agreement, and executed signing of the agreement. Thereafter, the Japanese side has carried out decision on the specifications of the facilities, the basic designs, the detailed designs of facilities to be arranged by Japan, and the fabrication of some of the devices according to the descriptions of the agreement appendices. The volume 1 summarizes the agreement appendices, and the specifications of the main devices. (NEDO)

Achievement report in fiscal 1999 on commissioned research project. 'Model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes in Thailand' Project for 1999 Volume 3; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to reuse industrial wastes and effectively utilize them as a petroleum replacing energy resource, and attempt to reduce consumption of fossil fuel in Thailand where increase in discharge of industrial wastes is estimated, a model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes has been carried out. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. Specifically, the project calls for incineration in fluidized bed incinerators of industrial wastes discharged from factories in industrial complexes possessed by the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand (IEAT), recovery of waste heat from waste heat recovering boilers to generate process steam, which is supplied to the factories in the complexes. The current fiscal year, which is the first current year of the project, has put into order the operations shared by Japan and Thailand, compiled the various procedures and schedules into the form of appendices to the agreement, and executed signing of the agreement. Thereafter, the Japanese side has carried out decision on the specifications of the facilities, the basic designs, the detailed designs of facilities to be arranged by Japan, and the fabrication of some of the devices according to the descriptions of the agreement appendices. The volume 3 summarizes the inspection reports other than those included in the Volume 2. (NEDO)

Achievement report in fiscal 1999 on commissioned research project. 'Model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes in Thailand' Project for 1999 Volume 2; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to reuse industrial wastes and effectively utilize them as a petroleum replacing energy resource, and attempt to reduce consumption of fossil fuel in Thailand where increase in discharge of industrial wastes is estimated, a model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes has been carried out. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. Specifically, the project calls for incineration in fluidized bed incinerators of industrial wastes discharged from factories in industrial complexes possessed by the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand (IEAT), recovery of waste heat from waste heat recovering boilers to generate process steam, which is supplied to the factories in the complexes. The current fiscal year, which is the first current year of the project, has put into order the operations shared by Japan and Thailand, compiled the various procedures and schedules into the form of appendices to the agreement, and executed signing of the agreement. Thereafter, the Japanese side has carried out decision on the specifications of the facilities, the basic designs, the detailed designs of facilities to be arranged by Japan, and the fabrication of some of the devices according to the descriptions of the agreement appendices. The volume 2 summarizes the inspection reports in the referential materials. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 comprehensive report on R and D on advanced chemical processing technology; 1996 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu sokatsu hokokusho. Kokoritsu hatsuden'yo buzai sosei gijutsu kaihatsu / sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

R and D was conducted on technology for composite thin film formation such as laser MOCVD, for thin film lamination, and for synthesis reaction and characterization in compounded fields where temperature/pressure/magnetic field/electrical field, etc., are compounded, for the purpose of creating materials with functions newly added or reinforced by regulating compositions and structures through atomic/molecular orders. The R and D was conducted on 24 themes, which were rearranged into four categories. Examples of the themes are as follows; development of super hard permanent magnets by crystallization process control of Nd-Fe-B amorphous alloys, as for structural control technology; research on high functional thin film sensors (PbLaTiO{sub 3}) using laser MOCVD, and research on ultra thin film by multi-ion-beam sputtering with ion/photo irradiation, as for thin film technology; R and D on highly ordered structure control technology in electrode surface compounded reaction fields, as for compounded fields; and, research on diagnostic technique for compounded reaction fields by laser-ionization method, as for supporting technologies. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Research and development of synergy ceramics (Research and development of anti-corrosion technologies for oil production system); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Shinaji ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A computer simulation-aided designing technology is completed to help develop synergy ceramics which are complicated in phase constitution and material structure. A program, which simulates sintering and particle growth for multiple solid-state and solid-state/liquid-phase systems, has been built assuming the form of an integrated micro/nano level simulation technology based on the Monte Carlo method. The new program applies to systems consisting of more than three different phases, and deals in a uniform way with the designing of various textures formable by transfer of matters in solid-state particle growth, Ostwalt ripening, solid-state sintering, liquid-phase sintering, and additive reaction. The Monte Carlo method-assisted program is applied to systems based on AlN, Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}, and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and a good result is achieved in each case. The molecular dynamic method is mainly used in atom level simulation for application to ZrO{sub 2}-Y{sub 2}O{sub 3} and Si-C-N, and a good result is achieved in each case. (NEDO)

FY 2000 survey report on the project on energy conservation/environmental preservation for oil corporations in Croatia by rehabilitation of oil refinery; 2000 nendo Croatia sekiyu kosha muke seiyusho no rihabiri ni yoru shene kankyo hozen project chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of strengthening the international competitive force in the oil industry of Croatia and reducing greenhouse effect gas by introducing energy conservation technology, study was made of the rehabilitation of oil refineries (Rijeka and Sisak) of Croatia's oil corporation, INDUSTRIJA NAFTE d.d. (INA). Rijeka and Sisak Refineries have the oil processing capacity of 6 million t/y and 4.6 million t/y, respectively, but they were constructed during the 1960s-1970s and are now superannuated. In this project, the following are adopted: heightening of the temperature of raw material supply, surging avoidance control, reutilization of condensate water of vacuum distillation, heightening of MEA concentration, control of excess air ratio in heating furnace, preheating of combustion air in heating furnace, application of small-diameter pump impeller, the optimum control of steam/electric system, heightening of temperature of cleaning water of desalting device, stop of adoption of flare seal gas, etc. The energy conservation effect to be expected from the project is 43,065 toe/y in a total of the two refineries, and the reduction in greenhouse effect gas is 133,000 t-CO2/y. Further, the internal return rate is 53.12%, which is very attractive for INA. (NEDO)

National research and development project. Report on evaluation of research and development of remotely controlled excavators for highly deep submarine oil fields; Ogata kenkyu kaihatsu project. Daishindo enkaku sosa kaitei sekiyu kussaku sochi no kenkyu kaihatsu ni kakawaru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-02-04

Described herein are results of evaluation of the developed excavators remotely controlled for highly deep submarine oil fields. The excavator system was designed to work at the target water depth of 200 to 250 m and excavation depth of 8,000 to 9,000 m, though not quite satisfactorily. There were several practical problems to be solved, e.g., those found in accuracy of reentry in the excavated section, cables connecting the driving equipment to the excavated section, and entangled hoses. The works were divided and system was configured in an attempt to secure all-weather type serviceability and to improve economic viability. The other major works included attempts to improve equipment functions and reduce manpower cost. Nevertheless, however, the construction cost was considered to be higher than expected, and no firm prospect was obtained whether the new excavator system was economically competitive with the conventional rig. The factors that pushed up the construction cost were various facilities needed by the new system with the separated excavation and driving sections, e.g., those facilities for helping the system land on the sea bottoms, material supply/storage facilities, and automated/unmanned facilities. The system failure and other items related to reliability are no clearly understood, making it difficult to compare it with the conventional rig in service factor. It was not adequate, therefore, to advance the next R and D phase as planned, and decided that the project was suspended to see the world development trends, because the clear plans for the future could not be drawn at that time. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999. Research and development of synergy ceramics (research and development of technologies to prevent corrosion in petroleum production systems); 1999 nendo synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This research and development has been performed on the following themes: 1. Material realizing technology, and advanced evaluation and design technology (1-(1) ultra precision materials, 1-(2) high-temperature energy materials, 1-(3) basic member design technology, 1-(4) materials having function to detect stresses and micro destruction, 1-(5) porous materials to control gas hole patterns, and 1-(6) materials having self-restoring/self-lubricating function); 2. Application technology (2-(1) materials having substance and light selecting function, 2-(2) high wear resistant and easy-to-process materials, 2-(3) high-performance resistance materials for electric power devices, and 2-(4) flexible sliding materials); 3. Formation of common base technologies. 4. Report on achievements in countries making joint researches. In Item 1-(1), micro destruction mechanisms were analyzed, and the directionality of material structure control was clarified. In Item 1-(2), controlled closing holes were introduced. In Item 1-(3), polycrystalline alumina, polycrystalline zirconia, and zirconia particle dispersed alumina were evaluated microscopically and macroscopically. In Item (4), Y-TZP/Ni nano-compound materials were fabricated successfully. In Item 1-(5), destruction behavior of porous ceramics was studied. In Item 1-(6), characteristics were investigated on Fe(Al)Al2O3 which was fabricated on the trial basis. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 report on basic research for promotion of joint implementation programs. Energy saving project for West Pacific Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Dalian/West Pacific Oil Refinery; 1999 nendo Dalian Nishitaiheiyo sekiyu kako yugen koji Nishitaiheiyo seiyusho shoene project chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

An energy saving survey is conducted for the above named plant under a project expected to be linked to the clean development mechanism of COP3 (Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). Supply/demand balance is poor at various utilities in this refinery, with surplus steam in summer and with hydrogen rich surplus off gas (flare combustion, discharge into the air) from the respective devices causing numerous problems about energy efficiency. Under the project, hydrogen will be recovered from the refinery off gas for utilization, systems related to fuel, steam, and power will be improved, and a surplus gas fired turbine power generating facility will be installed. Power generation of 29MW is feasible, which elevates the percentage of private power generation to the total demand for power from 25% to 71%. The purchase of power from external coal fired power stations will decrease greatly, contributing to energy saving. A yearly amount of 136-thousand tons of CO2 will be reduced thanks to the hydrogen recovery system and the gas turbine power generating facility to be newly installed. The Chinese party, much interested in the project, intends to be a participant as a joint implementer. The Japanese party has received a request for technological and financial assistance. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Photon-aided measuring and processing technologies (Research and development of advanced measuring and processing technologies for oil production system); 1998 nendo foton keisoku kako gijutsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system kodo keisoku kako gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research and development was conducted of photon-aided measuring and processing technologies and of the technology of generating photons, all these usable in oil digging. In the research and development of high-reliability laser welding technology, it was found that reflection from the keyhole served as an indicator betraying instability if any in laser welding, and this enabled the establishment of a method for observing defects in welded sections. In the research and development of technologies for measuring internal transmission of short-wavelength radiation and for photoelectron spectroscopy, a high-efficiency continuous generation of hard X-rays was noticed in the former while, in the latter, the soft X-ray source in a light source was evaluated. In addition, a photoelectron flight tube was fabricated, and evaluated. In the research and development of fiber laser, a fiber structure type was decided to be used, and fiber laser was successfully oscillated for the first time in the world. In the research and development of high-performance laser diodes, a laser diode device was fabricated as the first step in this effort. A discussion was made about a high-efficiency combination of heat sink materials, lamination and assembly system, and fibers, which was for achieving higher performance. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 comprehensive report on R and D on advanced chemical processing technology; 1996 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu sokatsu hokokusho. Kokoritsu hatsuden'yo buzai sosei gijutsu kaihatsu / sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

R and D was conducted on technology for composite thin film formation such as laser MOCVD, for thin film lamination, and for synthesis reaction and characterization in compounded fields where temperature/pressure/magnetic field/electrical field, etc., are compounded, for the purpose of creating materials with functions newly added or reinforced by regulating compositions and structures through atomic/molecular orders. The R and D was conducted on 24 themes, which were rearranged into four categories. Examples of the themes are as follows; development of super hard permanent magnets by crystallization process control of Nd-Fe-B amorphous alloys, as for structural control technology; research on high functional thin film sensors (PbLaTiO{sub 3}) using laser MOCVD, and research on ultra thin film by multi-ion-beam sputtering with ion/photo irradiation, as for thin film technology; R and D on highly ordered structure control technology in electrode surface compounded reaction fields, as for compounded fields; and, research on diagnostic technique for compounded reaction fields by laser-ionization method, as for supporting technologies. (NEDO)

FY 1981 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Verification test on the environmental safety; 1981 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken seika hokokusho. Kankyo anzensei jissho shiken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-08-01

Assuming the use of methanol which is expected to be promising as petroleum substituting fluid fuel, an investigational study was made on the environmental safety, and the FY 1981 results were summed up. In the study/evaluation of the verification test, conducted were the survey of the results of the studies having been made on toxicity of methanol, working-out of a plan for verification test on the environmental safety of methanol, etc. Moreover, for the purpose of grasping effects of methanol and methanol combustion gas on living organisms, the following were carried out: design and a part of the construction work of facilities in which the test is made for breeding monkey/aquatic animal in the methanol environment, test on its effect on aquatic animal, and purchase of a part of the equipment used for test on its effect on rat/mouse. As to the tests, the following were in the planning stage: toxicity test using macaca on high-concentration (acute)/low-concentration (chronic) inhalation of methanol gas, toxicity test on inhalation of formaldehyde as mock combustion flue gas, test on effects of methanol on fish/shellfish in terms of the fatal concentration/repellent behavior/chronic influence/hindrance of multiplication, etc. (NEDO)

Feasibility study of environmentally friendly type coal utilization systems. Feasibility study of environmentally friendly type coal utilization systems in sectors except the coal industry in China; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Chugoku no sekitan kogyo igai no bumon ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of working out a comprehensive master plan for application of the coal utilization system, the paper surveyed and studied the coal utilization system in terms of environmental measures and efficiency improvement in the utilization of coal. As a result of the discussion with NEDO and the National Planning Committee of China, Liaoning Province (the whole China) and Shenyang City were selected as a model area and a model city for the survey and study. As energy conservation measures taken in the former, desirable are intensifying/capacity-increase of boilers, kilns, etc. and adoption of new-type/high-efficient equipment. Also expected are reinforcement of combustion control and improvement of efficiency by using coal preparation, industrial use coal briquette, etc. Measures taken in the latter are the same as those taken in the whole China. As SOx reduction measures for Liaoning Province, desirable is installation of dry-type desulfurization equipment and simple desulfurization equipment. As dust prevention measures for it, desirable is installation of electrostatic precipitators or high-functional bag filters. SOx reduction measures for Shenyang City are the same as those taken in the whole China. SOx can be reduced by using coal-prepared low-sulfur coal and industrial use coal briquette added with desulfurizing agent. 88 figs., 163 tabs.

Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of The Fuel Society of Japan (1991). 28th Coal Science Conference/91st Coke Meeting; (Sha) nenryo kyokai godo taikai happyo ronbunshu (1991). Dai 28 kai sekitan kagaku kaigi dai 91 kai cokes tokubetsukai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1991-11-07

Relating to coke, studies are made on the rapid coke production method, oven investigation during carbonization, and operational management/control. As to coal science, studies are mainly on the brown coal two-stage liquefaction (BCL) method, and data on the pilot plant and PSU are reported. Concerning bituminous coal liquefaction, PSU data mostly including the NEDOL process, and characteristics of liquefaction residue and its effective utilization by thermal decomposition are reported. Regarding the liquefaction mechanism, an experimentally extensive study on catalyst, solvent and reaction conditions is made using model materials and coal itself on the bench scale and also in the pilot plant. Engineering subjects on residue, solvent deashing, scale attachment and coprocessing are also reported. Relations of decomposition process to coal chemical structure changes and reaction conditions are investigated. As to coal gasification, studies, which are not many, are conducted on material balance, heat balance, and image characteristics of char for gasification and factors controlling reactivity.

Report on survey for fiscal 1997. Survey concerning the effective use of the products of Industrial and Scientific Technologies Research and Development System; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido no seika no katsuyo ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This survey aims at formulating measures for further soliciting the effective use of the products yielded up to date by the above-named system and at suggesting them to NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) who operate the system. In the survey, questionnaires are given and replied, about how the results of the industrial technology system and the public request for proposition system have been utilized, respectively. As for the enforcement of in-house research and development efforts after the project, 54% answer affirmative, 46% negative. The enforcement rate is relatively high in `recombinant DNA utilization technology,` `photoreactive materials,` `bio-element,` and `super-advanced processing system.` The enforcement rate is low in `fine ceramics` and `technology for creating space at great depth.` As for the feasibility of the products of the system, 76% are judged feasible and 23% unfeasible. Ranked high in feasibility are `processing technology creating advanced functions,` `fine ceramics,` `ultimate work robot,` and `super-advanced processing system.` Feasibility is judged low in `recombinant DNA utilization technology,` `photoreactive materials,` and `bio-element.` 2 refs., 16 figs., 6 tabs.

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on chemical use); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku riyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-04-15

The whole amount of hydrogen consumption for chemical industries all over the world is estimated to be 249.7 billion Nm{sup 3} in 1974, while 367.2 billion Nm{sup 3} in 1980 roughly under a bold assumption, based on 3 current big consumption fields of ammonia production, methanol production and petroleum refining, and some promising fields in the future such as reduced iron and synthetic protein. Consumption ratios for every field are probably 54.9% in ammonia production, 30% in petroleum refining, 9.5% in methanol production and 5.6% in others in 1974, and nearly similar in 1980. However, although there are various troubles, if a large amount of methanol is used as fuel in the future, and its production plan is promoted to satisfy the demand of methanol fuel, hydrogen consumption for methanol production will increase drastically. In the future, if the production process of hydrogen as secondary fuel is established, such hydrogen also will be used for various chemical industries naturally. Research was thus made on use of oxygen as byproduct inevitably. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999. Research and development of carbon-based high-function material technologies (research and development of ocean bottom petroleum production system); 1999 nendo tansokei kokino zairyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kaitei sekiyu seisan shien system kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

As part of the research and development of carbon-based high-function material technologies, research and development has been performed on a material creating technology and a process technology to crease mechanically high-function materials. The former technology performs synthesis by using the electron excited CVD process and the explosion synthesizing process, intended to analyze the structure and properties thereof. It is intended to synthesize nitriding-based carbon films and elucidate their composition and structure by using the mass separation ion beam method and the laser beams. Synthesizing nano tubes by utilizing catalytic reactions, and investigating their properties are intended by using the thermal CVD process, plasma CVD process and arc discharge process. Elucidation is intended on the reaction and production mechanisms of carbon-based materials, theory estimation, structures possessed by the carbon-based materials, and mechanisms to manifest their characteristics. The latter technology relates to the three assignments subjected to a composition inclining film forming technology, a complex shaped film forming and micro processing technology, and a large area film forming technology. It is intended to utilize positively such properties as low friction and wear performance and high-temperature corrosion resistance expected in high-function carbon-based materials including amorphous carbon, diamond and nitrided carbon for the purpose of application to surface protection of movable parts in different industrial machines, and building materials including glasses. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on research and development results of photon-applied instrumentation/processing technologies. Research and development of advanced measuring/processing technologies for oil production systems; 1999 nendo foton keisoku kako gijutsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system kodo keisoku kako gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the research and development of photon (laser) beam utilization as part of the R and D project of the advanced measuring/processing technologies for oil production systems. For the high-reliability laser welding technology, the tests are conducted for welding 15 mm thick steel plates and 5 mm thick aluminum alloy plates by synthesized iodine/YAG laser beams, producing high-quality welding results. For the microscopic processing technology, attempts have been made for development of quantum functional optoelectronic devices which have nanometer-sized ultrafine dots. For the non-destructive composition measuring technology, the internal transmission measurement program produces the target light quantity by increasing brightness of the short-wavelength light source. The three-dimensional digital tomography (DT) images with a space resolution of several micrometers are obtained. For the tightly-focusing all-solid-state laser technology, a fiber-structured fiber laser is developed, on a trial basis, to attain a power of 15 W. A high-power, high-brightness laser diode, required for exciting the fiber laser is developed, and a power of 30 W or more is obtained by an InGa(As)P device. The comprehensive investigation results are also presented. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the basic survey to promote Joint Implementation, etc. Prevention of emissions of gasoline vapor from oil depots in Indonesia; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa hokokusho. Indonesia sekiyu kichi nado kara no gasoline joki hoshutsu no boshi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A field survey was conducted of oil shipment depots in Java and Bali islands owned by Indonesia's state-run oil company to study measures for reduction in greenhouse effect gas emissions. Studies were made on the grasp of the amount of the hydrocarbon vapor emitted into the air, the amount of the gasoline recovered in case of adopting the vapor emission preventive technology, equipment cost/operational cost, etc. Concretely, the following three were studied: change of the gasoline storage tank to the inner floating roof type, and prevention of evaporation loss at the time of receiving and breathing loss caused by temperature changes; replacement with the vapor recovery type loading arm to recover gasoline vapor generated at the time of shipment/filling, and installation of the vapor recovery unit to recover vapor as gasoline; vapor balance system to recover in underground tank the gasoline vapor generated at the time of filling gasoline at gas station. As a result of the study, the recovered gasoline amount was 66,393 Kl/y and the CO2 reduction amount was 14,474 t/y at oil shipment depots and approximately 650 gasoline stations in Jakarta and Surabaya. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on research and development of human cooperating and coexisting robot system. Research and development of rationalization in oil refining system; 2000 nendo ningen kyocho kyozongata robot system kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisei system gorika kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-06-01

It is intended to develop a human cooperating and coexisting robot system that can move around freely during operation and shutdown of a oil refining plant to perform different works. This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000. With regard to the navigation and maintenance work functions, design was made on the robot induction system and its conception to perform the works after the robot has reached a place of the work. The specifications required for the robot supporting agent were made clear, and the constituting modules were designed to exchange information with the robot. Specifications were compiled for a portable remote operation device intended of operating different vehicles. Investigations were carried out on such protection technologies as interference check and shock absorbing materials to protect the robot platform. A method was developed to acquire posture and motion patterns of a human demonstrator, using only the upper half of the body, from the images captured by a head-mounted camera. Discussions were given on the specifications, systems and image processing algorithms required for vision-navigated autonomous walking, whose practicability was verified. Autonomous walking by means of map-based guidance, and hand operating technologies were also discussed. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 4 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 4 included the results of the inspection of the tank, pump, blower, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 6 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 6

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 6 included drawings of assembling of the equipment such as crane, crusher and valve. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on regional consortium research and development project. Regional consortium on energy research in its 3rd year (Development of an environmentally-friendly industrial cleaning system using supercritical CO2 fluid); 1999 nendo chorinkai ryutai wo mochiita kankyo chowagata kogyo senjo sochi no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In high-technology industries such as the semiconductor industry, cleaning operations are indispensable. In these industries, replacement of the current method with a new one has become an urgent matter, thanks to the new control imposed on pollutant CFC (chlorofluorocarbon). Using a supercritical fluid, whose density and other features may be regulated extensively and continuously by controlling temperature and pressure, various conditions may be set in detail for the cleaning element, such as the dissolving power, dispersion force, surface activity, and chemical reactivity. The fluid is environmentally friendly and free of pollution. Facilities for recovering, regenerating, and circulating the solvent are incorporated into a test cleaner built in the preceding fiscal year, and a new system is completed. The system is operated in a test run for performance assessment, and data are collected to specify cleaning conditions best for each kind of the target items. Studies are made to expand the scope of system application for use under supercritical conditions. An experiment is conducted using a pollutant model, and a method to analyze the degree of cleaning is studied using an effective diffusion coefficient. A self-cleaning method is studied for the filter for the regeneration of the supercritical cleaning solvent. A market research is carried out for the commercialization of the industrial cleaning system. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. Cluster ion beam process technology; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido seika hokokusho. Cluster ion beam process technology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of development of cluster ion beams. This technology generates the strong ion beams of atom and molecule clusters, and irradiate them onto the solid surfaces, to create new materials or treat materials. It allows the nano-level treatment. The program for high-current cluster ion beam generation/irradiation technology for industrial purposes attains the target high-current beam of 500{mu}m. It is necessary to establish the optimum cluster size, irradiated energy and ion species for the highly functional surface treatment, for which applicable technologies, e.g., those related to time of flight and molecular dynamics, are developed. Studies on high-current, large-area irradiation technologies are started. The program for material processing technologies involves evaluation of crystalline defects formed during the beam implantation by photoluminescence spectroscopy, and studies on semiconductor surface processing technologies. The surface smoothening technology is investigated to reduce crystalline defects and stress-induced strains for difficult-to-process materials, e.g., SiC and diamond, and the good results are produced. The program for development of superflat/superhard thin film formation technology involves irradiation of the Ar ion beams during the deposition of C{sub 60}(fullerene), to produce the superhard thin film. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on research and development of industrial technologies. Research and development of synergy ceramics (Development of energy use rationalization technology); 2000 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts are made to develop self-complete type purification ceramic materials in which selection, separation, and purification functions are merged with the energy conversion function. Activities are conducted in the three fields of developing (1) materials derivation technology, (2) application technology, and (3) common base technology. In relation to selection, separation, and purification functions in field (1), studies are made about electrochemical cell structure control and cell constituting materials for enabling a high efficiency NOx purification reaction. As for the energy conversion function, studies are made about the improvement of characteristics of oxide based thermoelectric conversion materials and about changes in electrical output due to their development into cells. In a study of novel thermoelectric conversion materials, K{sub 2}NiF{sub 4} type Y{sub 0.33}Sr{sub 1.67}(Ni{sub 1-y}Co{sub y})O{sub 4-{sigma}} and Ce{sub 0.25}Sr{sub 1.75}(Ni{sub 1-y}M{sub y})O{sub 4-{sigma}} (M=Fe, Co) are synthesized, and electrical resistivity levels and Seebeck coefficients are determined at room temperature-800 degrees C in an oxygen current. Seebeck coefficients are found to be negative for all specimens, which shows that they are n-type conductors. Ce{sub 0.25}Sr{sub 1.75}(Ni{sub 0.7}Fe{sub 0.8})O{sub 4-{sigma}} exhibits the greatest output factor of 0.064 times 10{sup -4}Wm{sup -1}K{sup -2} (400 degrees C). (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the international standardization R and D. Measurement of ultra-micro chemical substances and measuring methods of hormone effects; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho kokusai hyojun soseigata kenkyu kaihatsu. Chobiryo kagaku busshitsu no keisoku horumon eikyo sayo sokuteiho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Concerning the measurement system of ultra-micro hazardous chemical substances in the global environment, the paper examined the present situation of chemical substances such as dioxins, made an experimental study on the method to analyze dioxins in exhaust gas from an aspect of international consistency, and worked out a JIS draft. As to the standard measuring method of hormone effects of chemical substances, the paper developed the competitive bonding experiment system to measure bonding ability of chemical substances to homo sapiens estrogen receptor (ER). By measuring ER bonding ability of 78 kinds of chemical substances, the measuring method was developed. In the development of the assay system for detection of hormone-like compounds, the assay system with transfer activity via estrogen receptor as an index was established using cultured cells and yeast. Further, the development was made of a measuring method of receptor bonding activity of hormone-like substances. 33 refs., 151 figs., 66 tabs.

FY 1983 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Part 1. Verification test on the environmental safety; 1983 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken seika hokokusho. Kankyo anzensei jissho shiken (Sono 1)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-03-01

As to the verification test on the environmental safety in the use of methanol as power generation use fuel, the following were summed up: review of the verification test and the interim evaluation, state of implementation of the FY 1983 verification test, study/evaluation of the results of the FY 1983 test, survey of research trends, plan of the FY 1984 verification test, record of the committee, etc. Concerning the interim evaluation, high evaluation was obtained as described below: Testing facilities were constructed as planned at first to make the implementation of various tests possible; Tests were smoothly conducted, and among the acute test using monkey, test on mock flue gas using monkey/rat, test on mutagenicity and test on the effect on aquatic animals, tests using oryzias latipes and abalone on the fatal concentration, avoidance behavior and chronic effect were finished by the end of FY 1983 almost as planned; The long-term inhalation test using monkey and rat/mouse has been smoothly in progress. In the survey of research trends, the paper introduced the outlined literature on the methanol metabolism of monkey, changes in the methanol concentration in blood/urine in the case of drinking methanol by mistake. (NEDO)

FY 1982 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Part 2. Verification test on the environmental safety; 1982 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken seika hokokusho. Kankyo anzensei jissho shiken (Sono 2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the promotion of methanol introduction and establishment of conversion technology, testing research on environmental safety of methanol was conducted, and the FY 1982 results were reported. In this fiscal year, construction was completed of testing facilities for breeding monkey/aquatic animal in the methanol environment, and test was started. In the test on the rapid exposure of macaca to high concentration (10,000ppm), effects were recognized on the blood physiochemistry, urine analysis, cardiac function, cerebral basal nuclei and cinerea part, as a result of various inspections/analyses made after 7-day exposure. Further, for the macaca exposed to a concentration of 3,000ppm, no remarkable changes were observed in urine analysis, pH value, etc. As to the effect of toxicity of methanol on oryzias latipes, toxicity is considerably lower than that of other chemicals. At about 3% concentration, half the number of oryzias latipes was fatal in 96 hours. Further, when diatom is exposed to methanol of concentration of 100ppm or more at the time of starting culture, the diatom continues to be hindered by methanol even after methanol fades away. At the same time, methanol also seems to have effects on the shape and metabolism of diatom. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999. System technology to create living environment of human activity compatible type (development of high-level petroleum plant information system); 1999 nendo ningen kodo tekigogata seikatsu kankyo soshutsu system gijutsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu plant kodo johoka system gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-06-01

This research and development project divides largely the behaviors appearing in a daily life into movement behavior and operation behavior. The research and development is executed by dividing the subject into development of a behavior supporting technology intended for the movement behavior and development of a behavior supporting technology intended for the device operation. In developing the movement behavior adapting technology, behavior scenes in a house are taken up as the important scenes to obtain peace of mind in the daily life, and construction work behavior scenes are taken up, in which environment and work contents change from moment to moment. Then, development works are carried out on the following technologies: a technology to measure on site the human behaviors and physiological conditions, a technology to understand and accumulate the behavior contents, and a behavior supporting technology to assure relief and safety by means of abnormality notification and risk avoidance. This paper summarizes the research achievements in fiscal 1999 on research and development of the movement behavior adapting technologies. Chapter 1 reports the research and development on a technology to adapt behaviors in the behavior scenes in a daily life. Chapter 2 describes the research and development on a technology to adapt behaviors in the behavior scenes in construction works. Chapter 3 reports the result of surveys on the research movements in the present research areas. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 survey report on overseas technology concerning R and D on advanced chemical processing technology; 1996 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu kaigai gijutsu chosa hokokusho. Kokoritsu hatsuden'yo buzai sosei gijutsu kaihatsu / sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

R and D was conducted on technologies for ultra high purity separation/processing, ultra fine particle crystal control, and high functional organic material synthesis and support. The results were classified into four categories and, on the basis of the results, the researchers paid a visit to and had a conference with related organizations overseas, for the purpose of exchanging opinions with European and American specialists and extracting evaluation and problems of the results. On laser CVD/organic thin film technology, eight institutions including University College London were visited by the researchers, with opinions exchanged on eight subjects such as studies on synthesis of high functional metallic thin film using the laser MOCVD method. On new materials/processing technology, seven institutions including MIT were visited, with opinions exchanged on the results of four researches such as preparation of Pb-based ferroelectric thin film using multi-ion-beam sputtering method. On micro-structure characterization technology, six institutions including MIT were visited, with opinions exchanged on the results of nine studies such as micro-structure characterization by transmission electron microscopy. On ion CVD/ion implantation technology, five institutions including The University of Salford were visited, with opinions exchanged on the results of seven researches such as creation and utilization of ultra-high vacuum. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 survey report on overseas technology concerning R and D on advanced chemical processing technology; 1996 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu kaigai gijutsu chosa hokokusho. Kokoritsu hatsuden'yo buzai sosei gijutsu kaihatsu / sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

R and D was conducted on technologies for ultra high purity separation/processing, ultra fine particle crystal control, and high functional organic material synthesis and support. The results were classified into four categories and, on the basis of the results, the researchers paid a visit to and had a conference with related organizations overseas, for the purpose of exchanging opinions with European and American specialists and extracting evaluation and problems of the results. On laser CVD/organic thin film technology, eight institutions including University College London were visited by the researchers, with opinions exchanged on eight subjects such as studies on synthesis of high functional metallic thin film using the laser MOCVD method. On new materials/processing technology, seven institutions including MIT were visited, with opinions exchanged on the results of four researches such as preparation of Pb-based ferroelectric thin film using multi-ion-beam sputtering method. On micro-structure characterization technology, six institutions including MIT were visited, with opinions exchanged on the results of nine studies such as micro-structure characterization by transmission electron microscopy. On ion CVD/ion implantation technology, five institutions including The University of Salford were visited, with opinions exchanged on the results of seven researches such as creation and utilization of ultra-high vacuum. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998 on the basic research for energy consumption efficiency improvement in developing countries. Joint research for oil consumption efficiency improvement. Indonesia; 1998 nendo hatten tojokoku energy shohi koritsuka kiso chosa nado jigyo sekiyu shohi koritsuka kyoryoku chosa jigyochosa hokokusho. Indonesia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

On-site researches are conducted to study the possibility of a model business using energy-saving and environment preservation technologies of Japan and Indonesia. At textile plants, the management of heat and water in the dyeing and finishing processes is found inadequate, with great quantities of heat left uncared-for in medium- and low-temperature wastewater. An energy-saving proposition is submitted in which solar energy and absorption-type refrigerators are combined. Instrumentation and management also require improvement. At nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizer plants, the energy consumption rate is found aggravated by degradation of facilities, and continued research and further analysis are necessary before working out energy-saving policies for them. At urea fertilizer plants, though it is not easy to modernize the manufacturing processes, energy-saving and environment preserving efforts are under way within the bounds of capability. Their energy consumption rate is high because of frequent shut-downs. It is necessary to detect an anomaly at its early stage and to introduce backup systems for the elimination of erroneous operations. Operating conditions need to be analyzed for validity. At melamine manufacturing plants, process drainage is allowed into the river without any treatment contaminating the water with products of melamine hydrolysis. Short-term and long-term solutions are suggested. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the R and D of 'frontier carbon technology.' R and D of a system to support production of undersea oil; 2000 nendo 'tansokei kokino zairyo gijutsu' no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kaitei sekiyu seisan shien system kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

This report summarized the results of the FY 2000 R and D of frontier carbon technology (FCT). In Chapter 1, technology of original production of substances, new carbon-base substances such as hetero-diamond and carbon nitride with high-grade and various characteristics are synthesized. And, the following are also established: method to synthesize nanotubes, etc. in quantity, technology to control interatomic bonding, technology to control hetero-element replacement, etc. BCN films were obtained by film formation by changing the gas component ratio of diborane, methane and nitrogen by the electron beam excitation CVD method. The sp{sup 3} bonding control in carbon film was advanced. By reacting benzene with raw materials using nickel phthalocyanine as catalyst, carbon nanotube with a 60nm diameter was obtained. Using ECRCVD device, carbon fiber was synthesized on Si substrate. In Chapter 2, original production process technology of mechanical high function materials, subjects are as follows: composition gradient film forming technology, complicated morphology film formation/micro processing technology, technology to apply carbon-base materials to tribology. The application of the materials to the movable part of various industrial machines is considered by making use of characteristics such as low friction and low abrasion which are expected of amorphous carbon, diamond, carbon nitride, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of genom informatics technology. Development of measures for stabilized supply of petroleum using compound living organisms; 1999 nendo genom informatics gijutsu kenkyu kaihtsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo sekiyu antei kyokyu taisaku kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In this R and D, studies were made on the following: 1) comparative analysis of genes - a system based on PCR coupled with high-speed and high-throughput fragment analyzer; 2) development of the system which detects SNPs rapidly; 3) study of the technique for DNA analysis and comparison of DNA sequence by use of the triple-stranded DNA formation; 4) improvement of a genomic DNA subtraction method, the In-Gel Competitive Reassociation technique; 5) development of computer simulation system which has capability of predicting changes in gene expression; 6) development of a workbench system assisting at gene regulatory network construction; 7) analysis of a gene expression control network; 8) general R and D issues. In 1), PCR method was developed to confirm the principle. In 2), micro plant was developed. In 3), new long cDNA library was constructed. In 4), basic experiment on FRET technology was conducted. In 5), basic model was developed of clock gene expression oscillation simulation. In 6), system was developed of gene information subtraction. In 7), workbench was designed for support of transcription control network analysis. (NEDO)

Basic research on energy conservation in developing countries. Joint research on oil conservation (research report on the industrial basis of Socialist Republic of Vietnam); Hatten tojokoku energy shohi koritsuka kiso chosanado jigyo sekiyu shohi koritsuka kyoryoku chosa. Betonamu shakai shugi kyowakoku sangyo kiso chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The field research of oil conservation was conducted in developing countries, in particular, Vietnam where a steep increase in oil consumption is anticipated in the future. Energy conservation is the most effective direct measures to control combustion of fossil fuels, and an important issue to be promoted by all countries in the world to prevent global warming and reserve energy resources. In fiscal 1994, main industries in the northern part of Vietnam were researched. In fiscal 1995, the report meeting of plant survey results in the northern part and the technical seminar of energy-saving in industrial field were held, and plants around Ho Chi Minh City in the southern part of Vietnam were researched. Although Vietnam has recently acquired membership in ASEAN and is undergoing dramatic economic growth, has many problems in environmental measures. Japan has top-ranking results on energy-saving in industrial field, and the transfer of such superior technologies and techniques will greatly contribute to resource and global warming problems as well as pollution control measures in Vietnam. 13 refs., 25 figs., 26 tabs.

Project to aid development of an oil substituting fuel manufacturing technology in fiscal 1998. Report on the result of developing a technology to make cable covering materials into fuel; 1998 nendo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu kaihatsu hojo jigyo. Densen hifukuzai nenryoka gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research and development have been carried out with an objective to re-utilize waste cable covering materials as oil substituting energy. The research has been performed on behavior of chlorine and lead being substances that impede making the cable covering materials into fuel, development of a technology to remove chlorine, lead and copper, and pelletizing properties for fuel making. In the study of behavior of chlorine and lead, the following matters were made clear: dechlorination reaction completes within 30 minutes if pyrolysis temperature is higher than 300 degrees C; the more the amount of filler CaCO3 in test samples, the less the dechlorination amount; and secular deterioration does not affect the dechlorination amount. A technology has been developed successfully to remove the substances that hinder making the cover materials into fuel, achieving the target values of copper at 0.2% or less, lead at 0.3% or less, and chlorine at 5% or less. In developing the pelletizing technology that puts the cover materials into raw materials for blast furnaces, dechlorination rate of 90% was achieved by mixing coke/PVC at a ratio of 1/1 and dechlorinating it by using a rotary kiln. It was verified that the product is free of problems in particle size as the blast furnace raw material. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 4 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 4 included the results of the inspection of the tank, pump, blower, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 5 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 5

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 5 included the drawing of the basic design, drawing of building/design, drawing of manufacturing equipment, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 6 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 6

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 6 included drawings of assembling of the equipment such as crane, crusher and valve. (NEDO)

Research and development of utilization technology of solar thermal system for industrial and other use. Research and development of key technology (energy conversion on technology using chemical reactions); Sangyoyo nado solar system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Yoso gijutsu no kenkyu (kagaku energy henkan gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takita, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for energy conversion technology using chemical reactions by the aid of solar energy. The demonstration runs were conducted by a bench-scale unit, which was operated stably for 100h, to produce promising results. The catalyst exhibits stable performance, without showing a sign of deactivation. It is found that the heat pump system works well, without being interfered with accumulated by-products. A heat of approximately 2,100kcal/h is recovered. It is confirmed that steam of 150{degree}C and 200{degree}C is generated from hot water of 80{degree}C and 95{degree}C, respectively. The bench-scale runs show a thermal efficiency of around 10%, which is lower than the target level. However, the runs with hydrogen-occluding alloy attain a process thermal efficiency of 30%. The system in which solar collector and chemical heat pump units are combined is evaluated with respect to its economic efficiency and operability for its eventual commercialization. 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Test and survey on a next generation coal liquefying catalyst. Coal molecule scientific test and survey as the base for commercializing the coal liquefying technology; Jisedai sekitan ekika shokubai shiken chosa. Sekitan ekika gijutsu shogyoka kiban to shite no sekitan bunshi kagaku shiken chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The test and survey on a next generation coal liquefying catalyst present a new proposal to raise catalytic activity in coal liquefaction, and perform demonstration experiments in a laboratory scale to search for possibility of developing a new coal liquefying catalyst from various viewpoints. To explain, discussions were given on the catalyst to perform the followings: liquefaction under extremely mild conditions by using ultra strong acids not limited only to metals; ion exchange method and swell carrying method to raise catalyst dispersion very highly, enhance the catalytic activity, and reduce the amount of catalyst to be used; mechanism of producing catalyst activating species to further enhance the activity of iron catalysts; and pursuit of morphological change in the activating species. The coal molecule scientific test and survey as the base for commercializing the coal liquefying technology performed the studies on the following items: pretreatment of coal that can realize reduction of coal liquefaction cost; configuration of the liquefaction reaction, liquefying catalysts, hydrocarbon gas generating mechanism, status of catalysts after liquefaction reaction, and reduction in gas purification cost by using gas separating membranes. Future possibilities were further searched through frank and constructive opinion exchanges among the committee members. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the R and D result of industrial science and technology. R and D synergy ceramics (R and D on synergy ceramics); 1996 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper summarizes the general survey mainly conducted by FCRA (Fine Ceramics Research Association) in fiscal 1996, and the joint research results with some universities, from some R and D on synergy ceramics. Silicon nitride based ceramics expressed the same high thermal conductivity as metal by seed crystal addition, grain growth control and orientation control of sheet lamination. For its practical use, study was made on control factors of material, formation and sintering. Ca2Y2Si2O9 single crystal was prepared by float-zone method to determine its crystal structure. No volume change due to high-temperature phase transition as thermal expansion was found. In carbothermal reduction- nitridation of SiO2, addition of Si3N4 seed powder increased a reaction rate and formed uniform particles with an isotropic shape. An average particle size was dependent on the size and number of fine particles in seed powder. Addition of both Si3N4 and Fe compound could change a particle shape from a spherical grain to an elongated grain. A spherical Fe-Si metal grain was found on the tip of an elongated grain. 66 refs., 73 figs., 13 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report of the R and D result of industrial science and technology. R and D on synergy ceramics (development of rational energy use technology); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For rational use of energy resources, the process technology which allows harmonization and multiplication of conflicting characteristics was developed for development of new ceramic system materials. This paper summarizes the result in fiscal 1997. On a structural reaction process among creation technologies of ultra-reliable structure, study was made on structure control and hot-working technology through atmosphere control in ceramics synthesis. On basic technology for analysis and evaluation, study was made on the effect of particle bridging on strengthening and toughening of ceramic materials. Study was also made on a toughness expression mechanism, FEM model analysis of particle bridging, and crack growth resistance of ceramics. On control of solid solution precipitation, new alumina ceramics with high strength, hardness and wear resistance was obtained by transgranularly precipitating nano-size particles from a fine-grain high-density matrix through an improved particle formation process. Its toughness was considerably improved by controlling grain shape and grain boundary structure. A precipitation mechanism was also discussed. 89 refs., 107 figs., 14 tabs.

Basic survey project of advanced efficiency of energy consumption in developing countries. Cooperation survey of efficient consumption of petroleum (survey of industrial foundation in the Philippines); Hatten tojokoku energy shohi koritsuka kiso chosa nado jigyo sekiyu shohi koritsuka kyoryoku chosa. Philippine koku sangyo kiso chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The purpose of the survey is to promote the international research cooperation projects from the survey stage, via demonstration research stage to the diffusion stage. Field surveys have been conducted to find out the needs of energy saving and environmental technology for the efficient consumption of petroleum in the developing countries with mass-consumption of petroleum in the future. The survey was conducted in the Philippines in the FY 1996. Next developing themes were proposed. The first theme was developing method of sugar plant. The magnesia method has been developed as a basic technology for cleaning sugar solution process instead of using lime. By the recycling method, the waste cake amount can be remarkably reduced. The second theme was electron beam exhaust gas treatment by a dry method of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of high concentration SOx and NOx in the fertilizer production plants. The third theme was the energy saving technology for SOx reduction of heating furnace for iron-steel by using an ultra energy saving-type regenerative burner. The last theme was chlorine bypass technology in cement industry, which would become an advanced technology development for the use of chlorine containing fuels in the near future. 40 refs., 36 figs., 79 tabs.

FY 1993 report on the results of the R and D of advanced function creation processing technology. Development of technology for corrosion prevention of the petroleum production system; 1993 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

In the study of a corrosion resistant high sensitivity gas sensor, the following two technologies are needed: decrease in impurities of materials for super-higher purity, and formation of films with physically high quality such as orientation and homogeneity. Experiments were made on laser excitation separation refining, CVD, laser ablation, super-high vacuum, etc. For the stabilized formation of high-adhesion thin/thick films, studies were carried out of the surface activation for processing substrate surface before film formation, interface counter diffusion in thin film formation process, and the technology for combination of these. The higher-order structure control of materials was attempted using the reaction field combined with the photochemical reaction by the high grade photon field, based on the molecular beam vapor-deposition technology under super-high vacuum. In the synthesis of materials by the photon combined reaction field, studies were made of the design/process of a dynamic device which reacts like pulse the photon/high pressure/strong magnetic field on carbonaceous materials and a static combined reaction field device by the stationary high pressure field. A study was commenced of a synthesis method in relation to fullerene with a new structure which has unique characteristics. (NEDO)

FY 1996 report on the results of the R and D of advanced function creation processing technology. Development of technology for corrosion prevention of the petroleum production system; 1996 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Ti-Ni micro particle composite thick films could be synthesized using pulse evaporation type/magnetic field closed type evaporation source for both high hardness and high toughness. Corrosion resistant gradient composition thick films were obtained which change in composition from Ni to CrSi2 by on-substrate collision/serial sintering technology by micro particles produced by hybrid-plasma. The following were conducted: synthesis of micro particles by laser induction vapor phase reaction, formation of collision of airsol particles, and development of the continuous creation process of nano structure advanced materials by continuous combination of microwave sintering. As the higher-order structure control technology in the molecular beam complex reaction field, studies were made of photochemical reaction, effects of magnetic field on other-molecular reaction, and functional control technology. The molecular/higher-order structure control by photochemical reaction was an important factor for sensor function improvement of the formed thin film. Photon/pressure complex reaction field device was developed and an experiment was made on the material synthesis. The diamond/cBN solid solution synthesis, etc. were conducted and the hardness next to diamond was obtained. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 industrial science and technology R and D project. Research report on R and D of genome informatics technology (Development of stable oil supply measures using complex biosystem); 1998 nendo genome informatics gijutsu kenkyu kaihtsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo sekiyu antei kyokyu taisaku kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report describes the fiscal 1998 result on development of genome informatics technology. As comparative analysis technique of genes, the combination of electrophoresis and PCR was used. For improvement of the throughput and reproducibility of the technique, module- shuffling primers were used, and the multi(96)-arrayed capillary fragment analyzer was devised. The system detecting SNPs rapidly was also developed successfully. As analysis technology of DNA sequence by use of triple- stranded DNA formation, study was made on construction of long cDNA libraries, selective subtraction of specific sequences from libraries, and the basic technology of homologous cloning. Study was also made on each reaction step of IGCR technique for fast analysis, and specifications of a fluorescence transfer monitor. As modeling technique of genetic sequence information, the simulation model was developed for gene expression regulatory networks during muscle differentiation, and feedback regulation of period genes. Such support systems as transcription factor prediction and gene regulatory network inference were developed from existing data. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 industrial science and technology R and D system. R and D report on human media / R and D on the advanced information system technology for oil refinery plants; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Human media no kenkyu kaihatsu, sekiyu plant kodo johoka system gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

As a part of R and D on human media, this report describes the fiscal 1998 result on development of the advanced information system for oil refinery plants. The R and D on human media have been promoted toward construction of a new information system around human beings by advanced integrated media technology since fiscal 1994. The whole concept is body sensation-, heart sensation- and knowledge- friendly media. For safe operation of oil refinery plants, this project develops (1) the intelligent monitoring of measuring instrument information and image information, (2) the display and guidance for facilitating collection of operation data by operator, (3) the modeling for efficient management of previous data and their effective use for current operations, and (4) the autonomous cooperative control technology. In fiscal 1998, the following subsystems were designed and prepared: The interface agent, virtual plant display interface, semantic representation interface, ontology, distributed cooperative processing technology, plant model and interface system. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the R and D on industrial science and technology for creating new industries. R and D on intelligent material and structure systems; 1998 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This project aims at development of the basic technology of the structure system which has the same intelligent functions as living body such as perception, decision and response through information processing/control (brain) by integrating advanced complex material structure (skeleton), fiber or film sensor material/device (nerve) and actuator material/device (muscle). This report describes the fiscal 1998 research result. On health monitoring technology, study was made on development of high-performance sensors, and a damage detection and self-diagnosis system for structural integrity. On active adaptive structure technology, study was made on improvement of a quasi-elastic behavior model for shape memory alloys, and a candidate actuator for noise and vibration reduction. On actuator materials and devices, study was made on the relation between electronic properties and dielectric/electro-strictive characteristics of the latest advanced ceramic materials available. Creation of silent smart structure was also clarified. Smooth connection and cooperation among groups were promoted through the technical committee and research on domestic and overseas trends. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D project on global environmental industrial technology. R and D result report on environment- friendly production technology (advanced chemical synthesis reactor); 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kankyo chowagata seisan gijutsu (kokino kagaku gosei bio reactor) kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For high-efficiency production of substances by bioreactor, study was made on a bio-control mechanism as its elementary technology. On the study of breeding technology by expression control, the structure design of a control region and development of new expression vectors had been finished, and study was made on breeding of high-efficiency recombinant production cells by using candidate expression vectors. On the study of breeding technology by multi-stage enzyme reaction control, the enzyme gene of a system synthesizing cysteine from glycerol was searched, and hydroxypyruvaldehyde hydrogenase gene was isolated as substance production model. Cysteine production Escherichia coli combined with serineacetyl transferase gene was also prepared. In addition, study started on cloning of hydroxyacetone oxidase gene. On development of reactor system technology, for conversion of serine to cysteine, study was made on optimization of a reaction condition by theory of enzyme reaction rate. (NEDO)

Report on the surveys in fiscal 1999 on foundations for establishing industrial technology strategies. Technological strategies by fields (Field of nurturing human resources in chemical technologies); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa hokokusho. Bun'yabetsu senryaku (kagaku gijutsusha jinzai ikusei bun'ya)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper describes nurturing of human resources in chemical technologies, as part of the surveys in fiscal 1999 on foundations for establishing industrial technology strategies. In association with the progress in scientific technologies, convenience of living has been enhanced exceptionally. On the other hand, however, problems lie in a heap, such as in global environment, energy, resources and population. Safety of chemical substances is questioned. Industrial world is greeted with the times of bubble collapse, information orientation, internationalization, and great competition. Chemical industries are aiming at differentiation and power strengthening, but demanded of conversion into making more independent developments. A large number of problems difficult of solving must be overcome by progress of scientific technologies. The core of the progress is in innovation and creation of new chemical technologies. Since what shoulders the requirements is people, nurturing chemical engineers is the urgent and important issue. Chemical engineers are demanded of having knowledge and experience in environment and safety, and ethics to accomplish social responsibilities, not to speak of their specialty technologies. Human resource nurturing must be carried out effectively under collaboration and cooperation of universities and corporations, rather than they do it independently. This paper describes problems and solution ideas, such as institutions and programs, to achieve the goal. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 achievement report on regional consortium research and development project. Venture business fostering regional consortium--Creation of key industries (Research and development of emission-free material separation and recycling process technologies for spent electric/electronic products); 1998 nendo shiyozomi denki denshi kogyo seihin no emissionless sozai bunri saisei junkan system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The personal computer is taken up as a sample, and studies are conducted about a system for separating and recovering recyclable materials. For the high-speed cutting and crushing of materials and their compaction, a water-jet cutting method is employed, which enables the unification of chip sizes after cutting, the prevention of dust generation, and the realization of clean working environments. For the separation of copper wires from their coats, a high-speed peeling machine is developed, and the copper wires are recovered for reuse. Fluorine plastics and polyester resin that constitute the coats do not show deterioration in their resin properties when put back into use. As for the powder resulting from the crushing of print circuit boards, it produces gas and unburnt carbon when subjected to heat treatment at 600 degrees C in inactive gas. The problem to arise from this recovery method is how to lower the cost. The separation of pelletized polymers and metal constituents can be accomplished by changing the ablation generation limit energy level during excimer laser irradiation, and this allows them to be recycled. (NEDO)

FY 1991 Report on the results of the research and development of the processing technologies for creating advanced functions. Development of the technologies for preventing corrosion of oil production systems; 1991 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-03-01

The research and development project has been started to develop the technologies for superhigh-purity separation/processing; controlling ultrafine crystal particles, including creating composites by the aid of a plasma laser; synthesizing highly functional organic materials; and supporting these technologies, for creating functions, e.g., advanced sensing functions, highly functional electromagnetic characteristics, and corrosion resistance, heat resistance and high strength. The R and D program for the technologies for superhigh-purity separation/processing covers development of highly corrosion-resistant, high-sensitivity gas sensors and highly functional thin oxide film sensors. The R and D program for controlling ultrafine crystal particles covers the researches on the technologies for creating inclined structures by the ion composite vapor-phase process, and the technologies for producing composites by the aid of a plasma laser. The R and D program for the organic material synthesis technologies includes researches on the technologies for controlling higher structures in a molecular beam composite reaction field, and on the technologies for synthesizing materials in a photon composite reaction field and in an interfacial composite reaction field. The R and D program for the supporting technologies includes the researches on the technologies for diagnosing a composite reaction field by the laser-aided ionization method. In the FY 1991, which is essentially the first year for the project, the efforts are directed to designs and construction of the required facilities, and preliminary tests. (NEDO)

Research report of fiscal 1997. Basic research project on energy saving in developing countries (cooperative research on oil saving / basic research on the industry of Thailand); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Hatten tojokoku energy shohi koritsuka kiso chosa nado jigyo sekiyu shohi koritsuka kyoryoku chosa (Taikoku sangyo kiso chosa hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Field research was made for oil saving in Thailand. To promote energy saving in a textile industry as main export industry, its motivation for production stuff is essential in business improvement. Proposal for work improvement, supply system of bonuses, and small-group activity are effective. Management of an energy consumption rate is essential in business management. Use of efficient waste water treatment equipment is also one of the issues. In food factories, various scopes for improvement are still found by mass/heat balance analysis in production process. As an example, a large amount of water is consumed in vain for washing raw rice in a rice powder factory, and separation of SS precipitate from waste water should be improved. Because of lagoon treatment, an effluent standard is not achieved in spite of consumption of wasteful aeration power. This treatment is reasonable because of its scale and site, although the standard can be achieved by activated sludge method. Reconsideration of the standard is also necessary based on a local total BOD load capacity. The profitability of a methane fermentation method should be examined. 72 figs., 95 tabs.

FY 1992 report on the results of the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant. Demonstration test on a methanol reformation type power generation total system; 1992 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Metanoru kaishitsu gata hatsuden total system jissho shiken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

For the promotion of introduction of methanol to oil-fired power plant, based on the results of the element study, operational study was conducted of a 1,000kW class total system plant for which each of the elements was combined, and the FY 1992 results were summarized. In the operational study, data on various kinds of operational study were sampled of each of the simple cycle/regeneration cycle of liquid methanol and simple cycle/regeneration cycle of gas methanol. As to the reformed gas/water injection/regeneration cycle, all functions as a total system plant worked normally, and it was confirmed that the reformed gas/water injection/regeneration cycle operation could be made possible. Besides, the following were conducted: confirmation test on the performance of the developmental catalyst used in the operational study by bench-scale test device, trial operation for adjustment of gas turbine and combustion study such as the performance test in each cycle, manufacture/study of catalyst for the total system, study for longevity of catalyst for the total system, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1992 report on the results of the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant. Developmental study of a methanol engine system for power generation; 1992 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Hatsuden you metanoru enjin system no kaihatsu kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the methanol engine technology for promotion of methanol introduction to oil-fired power plant, an experimental study was made, and the FY 1992 results were summarized. In the study of technology development, the following were carried out: evaluation of durability of multi glow plug and development of high-durability glow plug, confirmation of potentiality of the laser ignition system by element evaluation test, evaluation/improvement of durability of the injection system and development of injection pump for the actual machine, trial manufacture of the 2-stage injection system and confirmation of characteristics, study of improvement in ignitability/combustion state by optimization of the temperature of glow plug, compression rate, etc., evaluation of durability of combustion chamber, etc. by the heat load measuring test and heat balance, etc. As a result of the engine test, the pump housing stayed favorable without damage in the use of about 20,000h, plunger assembly did in the use of about 4,500h, and valve assembly did in the use of about 20,000h. As to the manufacture of the actual machine, a prototype was designed/manufactured of a 500kW class direct injection 4 cycle supercharging 6 cylinder methanol engine. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1990 achievement report on next-generation industrial structure technology. Research and development of advanced materials for extreme environments (Research and development of advanced composite materials using oil as raw material); 1990 nendo chotaikankyosei senshin zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu genryokei senshin fukugo zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

Efforts were made to develop technologies of oil based C/C (carbon/carbon) composites. In a comprehensive survey, studies were conducted of the trends of associated technologies and tasks to discharge for the development of materials usable at ultrahigh temperatures. For the development of advanced composite materials, efforts were exerted to develop technologies in the three fields of (1) oil pitch derived random structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials, (2) oil pitch derived onion structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials, and (3) oil pitch derived double structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials. In Field (1), random structure fiber manufacturing conditions were studied, basics of their relations with fiber thermal properties and the like were understood, carbon fibers were provided with surface coating, and studies were made to enhance the oxidation resistance of carbon fibers. In Field (2), fiber forming conditions were studied and their relations with fiber physical properties, such as strength, in an oxidizing atmosphere were grasped. In Field (3), manufacturing conditions and their relations with fiber physical properties were learned, and a technology was developed to manufacture composite rods. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Basic survey project on international cooperation for energy consumption efficiency improvement (Project on cooperation for oil consumption efficiency improvement - Fiscal 1999 survey report on Indonesia); Kokusai energy shohi koritsuka nado kyoryoku kiso chosa jigyo / sekiyu shohi koritsuka kyoryoku chosa jigyo. 1999 nendo Indonesia chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The project aims to contribute to the promotion of international research cooperation ranging from the survey stage through the stages of verification study and popularization, and, for this purpose, it conducts on-site investigations for exploring needs for environmentally-friendly energy-saving technologies in developing countries where there will be massive-scale oil consumption in the future. In this report, surveys and deliberations are conducted to embody proposed measures, and findings are compiled, based on the surveys conducted in the preceding financial year relating to energy efficiency in and environmental technologies for the textile and chemical industries. Much is expected from the proposed measures as promising subjects of joint verification researches. A technology is proposed for energy saving in the textile industry of Indonesia. The technology aims to wash cloth using high-pressure water from a special nozzle, to continuously measure the level of contamination of the waste water, and to feed back the measured values to the water supply side for the automatic optimization of the amount of the washing water and for the utilization of warm waste water for the ultimate purpose of cascade-aided energy saving. As for the proposition for recovering chemicals mainly caustic soda, it achieves environmental improvement and energy saving in the chemical industry simultaneously. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 achievement report on next-generation industrial structure technology. Research and development of advanced materials for extreme environments (Research and development of advanced composite materials using oil as raw material); 1993 nendo chotaikankyosei senshin zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu genryokei senshin fukugo zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

There was a progress in the development of oil based C/C (carbon/carbon) composite technology. Studied in a comprehensive endeavor were coordination between various technology developing activities, surveys of trends of relevant technologies, and technological tasks to discharge for the development of materials usable under extreme environments. Technologies developed for advanced composite materials involved (1) oil pitch derived random structure carbon fibers, (2) oil pitch derived onion structure carbon fibers, and (3) oil pitch derived double structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials. Under item (1), random structure carbon fibers were examined for high reproducibility of physical properties, continuous surface coating technology for fibers, and weavability. Under item (2), onion structure carbon fibers were studied for development into C/C composite reinforced fibers. Under item (3), the mechanical structure of double structure carbon fibers was clarified, and C/C composite materials were fabricated using experimental prepregs worked out after studying matrix composition and impregnation techniques. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1991 achievement report on next-generation industrial structure technology. Research and development of advanced materials for extreme environments (Research and development of advanced composite materials using oil as raw material); 1991 nendo chotaikankyosei senshin zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu genryokei senshin fukugo zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-03-01

Development of oil based C/C (carbon/carbon) composite technology was carried out. In a comprehensive survey, studies were conducted of the trends of associated technologies and tasks to discharge for the development of materials usable under ultrahigh temperature environments. For the development of advanced composite materials, efforts were exerted to develop technologies in the three fields of (1) oil pitch derived random structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials, (2) oil pitch derived onion structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials, and (3) oil pitch derived double structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials. In Field (1), physical properties and the like of a specimen fiber were clarified by studying conditions for manufacturing random structure carbon fibers, and the specimen was provided with a surface coating for the study of oxidation resisting performance improvement. In Field (2), onion structure carbon fiber forming conditions and basic technologies for structure manifestation were established, and basics of fiber surface coating technology were studied. In Field (3), double structure carbon fiber forming conditions were studied, specimen fabrication was carried out, and fiber surface coating technology was studied. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1989 achievement report on next-generation industrial structure technology. Research and development of advanced materials for extreme environments (Research and development of advanced composite materials using oil as raw material); 1989 nendo chotaikankyosei senshin zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu genryokei senshin fukugo zairyo no kenkhyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

The research and development of advanced composite materials succeeds the composite material development project initiated in fiscal 1981, and activities were conducted in the two domains of advanced composite material development and comprehensive survey implementation. In the comprehensive survey, trends of associated technologies were investigated, and technical tasks were studied relative to the development of advanced materials. In the effort to develop advanced composite materials, activities were conducted in the three fields of (1) oil pitch derived random structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials, (2) oil pitch derived onion structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials, and (3) oil pitch derived double structure carbon fiber/carbon based matrix composite materials. In Field (1), relations between conditions of forming carbon fibers out of pitch and carbon fiber random structure were elucidated, and development was started of technologies for providing fibers with oxidation resisting surface coatings. In Field (2), relations between conditions of forming carbon fibers out of pitch and carbon fiber onion structure were elucidated, and development was started of technologies for providing fibers with oxidation resisting surface coatings. In Field (3), efforts were started to elucidate oxidation resistance governing factors. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the R and D of 'frontier carbon technology.' R and D of a system to support production of undersea oil; 2000 nendo 'tansokei kokino zairyo gijutsu' no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kaitei sekiyu seisan shien system kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

This report summarized the results of the FY 2000 R and D of frontier carbon technology (FCT). In Chapter 1, technology of original production of substances, new carbon-base substances such as hetero-diamond and carbon nitride with high-grade and various characteristics are synthesized. And, the following are also established: method to synthesize nanotubes, etc. in quantity, technology to control interatomic bonding, technology to control hetero-element replacement, etc. BCN films were obtained by film formation by changing the gas component ratio of diborane, methane and nitrogen by the electron beam excitation CVD method. The sp{sup 3} bonding control in carbon film was advanced. By reacting benzene with raw materials using nickel phthalocyanine as catalyst, carbon nanotube with a 60nm diameter was obtained. Using ECRCVD device, carbon fiber was synthesized on Si substrate. In Chapter 2, original production process technology of mechanical high function materials, subjects are as follows: composition gradient film forming technology, complicated morphology film formation/micro processing technology, technology to apply carbon-base materials to tribology. The application of the materials to the movable part of various industrial machines is considered by making use of characteristics such as low friction and low abrasion which are expected of amorphous carbon, diamond, carbon nitride, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1991 research report. Research trend survey for next-generation industrial structure technology research and development project - Research and development of advanced materials for extreme environments; 1991 nendo jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu project ni kakawaru kenkyu doko chosa hokokusho. Chotaikankyosei senshin zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (sekitoku sekiyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-03-01

Efforts were exerted to develop intermetallic compounds and advanced C/C (carbon/carbon) composite materials usable under extreme environments such as high temperatures. In relation with advanced composite materials, especially with projects for developing composite materials using oil as raw material, a survey was conducted of the three fields of (1) summarization of activities conducted up to fiscal 1991, (2) contents of associated aerospace projects, and (3) oil based composite material technology. In Field (1), past achievements are summarized. In Field (2), aerospace projects under way across the world are broken down by airframe and engine, and are reviewed from the viewpoint of needs for materials. In Field (3), the present and future of heat resisting thermosetting composite materials, thermoplastic composite materials, and C/C composites are discussed. Characteristics such materials are supposed to finally assume and tasks to discharge for technical development are also taken up. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1976. Research and development of water decomposition by using a hybrid cycle composed of thermo-chemistry and photo-chemistry; 1976 nendo netsukagaku oyobi hikari kagaku hybrid cycle ni yoru mizu bunkai no kenkyu kahatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1977-03-01

This paper describes water decomposition by using a hybrid cycle composed of thermo-chemistry and photo-chemistry. Ferric sulfate and HI are obtained from ferrous sulfate and iodine via photo-chemical reaction. This is an endothermic reaction of 10.8 kcal. Then, the photo-chemically reacted aqueous solution is electrolysed to separate HI, while Fe{sup 3+} (ferric ion) is reduced and converted into Fe{sup 2+} (ferrous ion). Oxygen is generated at this time. Since mixed potential is made from iron oxidation and reduction potential and iodine potential, the electrolytic efficiency is greatly influenced by electrode materials. Ideally, an electrode material that causes only the reduction of Fe{sup 3+}, but not other reactions is preferable. The HI is decomposed into hydrogen and iodine by electrolysis. Research is continuing to acquire hydrogen from HI thermo-chemically. Endothermic reaction heat of 7 to 8 kcal has been obtained in photo-chemical reaction, the heat quantity being close to the theoretical value of 10.8. A result close to the theoretical value may be expected if the electrode material problem is solved. The basic research will be continued for a high possibility of linking the research to a pilot plant in the future. (NEDO)

Report on the results of research and development under a consignment from NEDO on deca-nano quantum integrating transistor substrate technologies; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Deca-nano ryoshi shusekika soshi kiban gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Researches have been conducted on deca-nano quantum integrating transistor substrate technologies, and developments were made on a three-dimensional device simulator which can be used in deca-nano domains, and a circuit simulator to have quantifying function transistors coexist with silicon semiconductor integrated circuits. The researches were intended to develop a simulator capable of analyzing properties of very small silicon and compound semiconductor devices in deca-nano domains. The researches discussed the applicability of conventional simulators, calculated quantum levels in a three-dimensional hetero structure, and resulted in development of an electron wave propagation simulator in optional two-dimensional shapes, a quantum Monte Carlo simulator, and a three-dimensional semiconductor device simulator with quantum correction. On the other hand, in order to estimate characteristics of a hybrid circuit in which single electron transistors coexist with conventional transistors such as CMOS transistors, a single electron hybrid circuit simulator was developed. The development indicated that a CMOS-SET fused memory is promising as a future LSI memory. 22 refs., 116 figs., 3 tabs.

Report on coal refining and chemical equipment analogous to coal liquefaction equipment in fiscal 1981. Maintenance of equipment for direct desulfurization, indirect desulfurization, and fluidized catalytic cracking; 1981 nendo sekitan ekika ruiji seiyu seisei oyobi kagaku sochi ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. Chokudatsu, kandatsu, ryudo sesshoku bunkai sochi no hozen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-07-01

This questionnaire survey was intended to investigate the actual state of maintenance such as materials used, conditions for use, anti-corrosion measures, and cases and handling of damage, concerning primary apparatus in the direct/indirect desulfurization equipment and the fluidized catalytic crackers, which are owned by each oil refinery and which are analogous to coal liquefaction equipment. The questionnaire was intended for the following equipment and apparatus, with the actual state of their maintenance investigated. 1. Questionnaire concerning maintenance of direct desulfurization (reactor, high temperature separation tank, material furnace tube, reactor exit piping, high temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, and pressure reducing valve), 2. Questionnaire concerning maintenance of indirect desulfurization (reactor, high temperature separation tank, material furnace tube, reactor exit piping, high temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, and pressure reducing valve), 3. Questionnaire concerning maintenance of fluidized catalytic cracker (reactor, regeneration tower, riser pipe, and fractionator bottom pump). The questionnaire this time was distributed to 27 domestic oil companies, with the reply received from 23 of them. The replies were summarized by each type of equipment. Shown at the back of the report were the cases of damage and handling in FCC's and reactors. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1976. Comprehensive discussion on hydrogen utilizing subsystems and research on peripheral technologies (Research for chemical utilization); 1976 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku riyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-04-15

Surveys and studies were performed on chemical utilization of hydrogen regarding its status of development and utilization inside and outside the country, as well as its future prospect. This paper describes chemical utilization of hydrogen in ammonia, methanol, petroleum refining and other industries as the existing fields. It also describes chemical utilization of oxygen in iron and steel, chemical and other industries. It describes methanol as a pollution-free auxiliary fuel for electric power plants as a new type of hydrogen application. Acetic acid made by using the Monsanto method which carbonylate methanol is drawing attention in terms of economy, and is in the phase of discussing commercialization. Synthesizing ethylene glycol from carbon monoxide and hydrogen may be conceived economically. Methanol for synthesized protein depends on the possibility of future development. In the iron and steel industry, electric furnace steel makers are planning production of reduced iron, where the direct reduction process using hydrogen is considered as a complementary process, including countermeasures for scrap iron. This paper estimates hydrogen amount as a raw material for ammonia to remove NOx by using the ammonia reduction process. It also describes possibility of other types of utilization. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the R and D of nonlinear optoelectronic materials; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Hisenkei hikari denshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As to the development of organic base materials, the paper is going ahead with an evaluation, higher performance and further use as materials of basic optical properties of quirale nonlinear materials and organic conjugate base materials which are promising among organic low molecular materials. As the development of orientation control crystal growth technology, grooves for orientation control were formed on the surface of the lead glass substrate, from which thin film single crystals were obtained. The nonlinear response was studied of the glass where semiconducting fine particles dispersed in matrix glass. Glass scattering base prototype materials were selected by the sol-gel method and ultra-low melting-point glass method. The glass dispersion base materials by the very fast cooling method was also studied. For the purpose of realizing a high speed switching characteristic, a processing technology was developed of ultra fine particle dispersing polymer light waveguide. As to the technology for super lattice, the optimum nonlinear performance materials were selected mainly with the optimum complex super lattice base. Moreover, the three-dimensional super structuring technology was constructed to improve nonlinear optical characteristics. The comprehensive investigational study was conducted for effective promotion of the research development. 177 refs., 260 figs., 27 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the results on the international standardization R and D. Development of chemical methods to analyze/evaluate metallic coatings of surface treated steel coating sheets; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho kokusai hyojun soseigata kenkyu kaihatsu. Hyomen shori koban mekkiso no kagaku bunseki hyoka hoho no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper studied the international standardization of the chemical analysis method and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry. Chemical composition and coating thickness (g/m{sup 2}) of 14 kinds of specimens including alloy coatings and organic coating with zinc and aluminum as base were analyzed by the above-mentioned methods to examine the relation between the both. As the chemical analysis method, used was inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. To study the relation between the methods, it was found to be necessary to recognize morphology at the boundary between the coating and base steel using, for example, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electro-probe micro-analysis (EPMA). To measure traceability of the analysis method, with the chemical analysis method as a judgement method, it is necessary to make reference materials by coating materials, to use the calibration graph confirmed by the materials and to adopt the glow discharge optical emission spectrometry. On the basis of such way of thinking, drafts were worked out for the international standardization of the chemical analysis method and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry. 7 refs., 117 figs., 33 tabs.

FY 1974 report on the results of the Sunshine Project. Comprehensive study of hydrogen use subsystem and study on the periphery technology (Study on the chemical utilization); 1974 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku riyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-07-01

This paper reports on the present situation of the chemical use of hydrogen and oxygen, and the short-term, medium-term, and long-term forecast. The main usage of hydrogen is ammonia synthesis, petroleum refining, and methanol synthesis. In the usage of these three, there are factors of structural changes now and in future, and it is extremely difficult to predict the amount in a short term up to around 1980. In a medium term prediction, from the result of predicting the demand of ammonia, methanol and hydrodesulfurization, the total 1985 hydrogen demand is estimated at approximately 60 billion Nm{sup 3}, and approximately 67 billion Nm{sup 3} as the gross hydrogen demand. Further, judging from that synthetic protein, fuel use methanol, and reduced iron are estimated to reach a certain production size in and after 1985, new demand for hydrogen is expected to be approximately 100 billion Nm{sup 3} mostly including fuel use methanol. In a long term prediction, it is extremely hard to predict the demand because of various factors existing in Japan and abroad. As predicted in a medium term, the amount of chemical use of hydrogen is expected to increase more and more, even if calculating it only in the field of ammonia synthesis, petroleum refining, and methanol synthesis. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for the photon-aided instrumentation and processing technologies. Research and development of the advanced instrumentation and processing technologies for oil production systems; 2000 nendo photon keisoku kako gijutsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system kodo keisoku kako gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of development of the photon-aided instrumentation and processing technologies, as part of development of the advanced instrumentation and processing technologies for oil production systems. The program for the microscopic processing technology combines iodine and YAG laser beams as the high-power laser beams of wavelength of the order of 1{mu}m, in order to realize laser-aided welding of high-quality thick plates, the welding demonstration tests producing good results; improves an in-process monitoring sensor, to confirm its high reliability; and improves size controllability for ultrafine semiconductor particles for development of quantum functional optoelectronic devices, and extends the electric conductivity for production of the transparent conducting films. The program for the non-destructive composition measuring technology develops a light source which produces short wavelength ray of sufficient brightness; produces three-dimensional CT images with a resolution of 2{mu}m, and is developing superconducting X-ray detectors. The program for the high-power all-solid-state laser technology starts development of a rod-type oscillation-controlling laser which can provide mixed operations of CW, pulsed and Q-switched oscillation modes at an average power of 1kW level. The program for the tightly-focusing all-solid-state laser technology develops the prototype of disk type fiber laser using silica fibers of rectangular cross-section, which produces a power of 103W, and starts development of a laser diode. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on the development of technologies for utilizing biological resources such as complex biosystems. Development of technologies for producing substitute fuel for petroleum by utilizing organisms; 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Technologies of producing useful substances using the substance decomposing/producing functions of complex biosystems and methods of their handling are developed. In the utilization of microbes in the digestive tracts of termites and longicorns, it is made clear that several kinds of termites cleave the {beta}-O-4 ether linkage. In relation to technologies for wood decomposing complex microbial system construction and complex vector system development, a screening system is constructed in which strains that exhibit complex actions are combined. Concerning the advanced utilization of tropical oil plants, conditions are determined for inducing callus out of oil palm tissues. Out of oil palm sarcocarp tissues, mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) is isolated for the construction of a cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid) library. For the purpose of isolating a powerful promoter, a partial base sequence is determined for ubiquitin that frequently expresses itself in cells. A pathogenic bacterium ailing the oil palm is sampled for identification, and it is inferred that the bacterium is a kind of Ganoderma boninense. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using biology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made. As a part of the study, the establishment was aimed at of the high-grade utilization technology of seaweed/algae using the degradation/conversion functions of the consortium base and the useful substance production technology by interaction of the consortium base of organism and flora/fauna. Studies for the establishment of the technology were made in the following two fields: technology to use unused resources such as lignocellulose and technology to produce petroleum substituting useful resources. As to the technology to use unused resources, the establishment was proceeded with of the technology to degrade/convert the seaweed-origin acidic polysaccharide into the useful substance using the consortium system. In FY 1998, in search of the excellent microorganism consortia which can degrade/solubilize carageenan, samples were picked up from the underwater of the Republic of Palau and incubated in the flat culture medium. Thirty-eight kinds of the degraded bacterium group were acquired. Using the degraded bacterium group, {kappa}-carrageenan was degraded and analyzed of the products. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using biology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made. As a part of the study, the establishment was aimed at of the high-grade utilization technology of seaweed/algae using the degradation/conversion functions of the consortium base and the useful substance production technology by interaction of the consortium base of organism and flora/fauna. Studies for the establishment of the technology were made in the following two fields: technology to use unused resources such as lignocellulose and technology to produce petroleum substituting useful resources. As to the technology to use unused resources, the establishment was proceeded with of the technology to degrade/convert the seaweed-origin acidic polysaccharide into the useful substance using the consortium system. In FY 1998, in search of the excellent microorganism consortia which can degrade/solubilize carageenan, samples were picked up from the underwater of the Republic of Palau and incubated in the flat culture medium. Thirty-eight kinds of the degraded bacterium group were acquired. Using the degraded bacterium group, {kappa}-carrageenan was degraded and analyzed of the products. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on research and development of industrial technologies. Research and development of synergy ceramics (Research and development of ultrahigh temperature gas turbine for power generation); 2000 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden'yo chokoon gas turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The fruits of fiscal 2000 efforts to develop high temperature energy materials and ultraprecision materials are briefly described. Activities are conducted in the four fields of (1) materials derivation and advanced evaluation/design technologies, (2) application technologies, (3) common base technologies, and (4) multifunction realization process evaluation. Discussed in field (1) are high temperature energy materials, high performance active materials, fundamental technologies for member designing, active materials for dealing with environmental gas, silicon based high resistance energy materials, porous multiple layer ceramic materials, macro-/micro-scale stress analysis technology, and microfracture analysis technology. Discussed in field (2) are heat resistant and damage tolerant materials, heat shielding materials and energy absorbing materials, and nanofilter materials capable of selective separation. In the study of active materials specific for environmental gas, a catalyst is developed, stable at high temperatures and capable of treating NOx selectively. The catalyst is a layered product comprising Ba hexaaluminate layers and stabilized zirconia layers. (NEDO)

FY 1996 R/D project of industrial and scientific technologies contracted with NEDO. Report on R/D of organosilicon polymers; 1996 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-12-01

Organosilicon polymers are highly innovative materials having high performance and novel functions, and they can be widely applied. The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental techniques for molecular design, synthesis, material processing and evaluation of organosilicon polymers having excellent electro- and photo-functions, and advanced heat-proof, fire-proof and mechanical properties. This R/D includes (1) R/D of electrical conducting materials by organosilicon polymers, (2) R/D of novel organosilicon polymers applicable to direct lithography, (3) R/D of new silicon-based polymer materials with electro-luminous function, and (4) R/D of silicon-based polymers for new photoconductive materials. In (1), synthesis of highly conjugated polymers is investigated. In (2), novel organosilicon polymeric materials have been developed, which would be applicable to direct lithography of electronic circuits, and which could contribute to simplification of the circuit formation process. In (3), the research aims at development of new silicon-based polymer materials with luminescent function which can be applied to the large size electro-luminescent display devices. In (4), new materials with visible light absorption have been synthesized through the molecular design and synthesis. The photo-carrier generation was observed. 107 refs., 86 figs., 23 tabs.

FY 1998 annual report on the research on the possibility of introducing a usable chemical substance manufacturing system by utilizing natural gas containing CO2; CO{sub 2} gan'yu tennen gas den katsuyo ni yoru yuyo kagaku busshitsu seizo system donyu kanosei ni kansuru chosa kenkyu 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The trends of effective use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields are surveyed, and usable chemical substance manufacturing systems which utilize natural energy are investigated, evaluated and analyzed, to extract promising systems for effective use of CO2-containing natural gas and thereby to promote its effective use. Chapter 1 outlines possibility of integrated use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields and natural gas energy. Chapter 2 describes the research trends in the CO2 conversion reactions for using unexploited CO2 as the carbon source. Chapter 3 describes natural energy utilization technology applicable to gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields. Chapter 4 describes performance of chemical manufacturing systems utilizing natural gas containing CO2. The energy balances and CO2 emission coefficients are estimated, based on the above. The evaluation is implemented in the order of (1) conventional steam reforming, (2) steam reforming in which heat is supplied by a solar furnace, (3) examination of the exhaust gases from a methanol synthesis process, and (4) examination of CO2-mixed reforming. Chapter 5 describes summary and proposals. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999 on research and development of the industrial and scientific technology. Research and development of synergy ceramics (development of a technology to rationalize use of energies); 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999 on research and development of a technology to use synergy ceramics as a material, its application technology and the common base technology. In the research of high-function active materials, development was made on catalyst and electrode materials having the selection, separation and rinsing functions, and discussions were given on materials for thermoelectric conversion of oxides. In the research and development of new thermoelectric conversion ceramics materials, searches were made on cobalt and nickel containing compound oxides. In the development of corrosion-resistant electrochemical cell materials, the honeycomb type was devised, and a technology was developed to form honeycombs laminated with different materials. In developing self-lubricating functional materials, silicon nitride with solid lubricant of MoO{sub 3} dispersed on the surface layer was developed, wherein tribological characteristics were evaluated. In developing ultra-smooth low friction materials, studies were carried out on reducing friction by controlling silicon nitride and its surface structure, placing lifter shims in an automotive engine as the application object. The joint research with the National Research Institute performed evaluations on the compound function manifestation process. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on research and development of industrial technologies. Research and development of synergy ceramics (Research and development of ultrahigh temperature gas turbine for power generation); 2000 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden'yo chokoon gas turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The fruits of fiscal 2000 efforts to develop high temperature energy materials and ultraprecision materials are briefly described. Activities are conducted in the four fields of (1) materials derivation and advanced evaluation/design technologies, (2) application technologies, (3) common base technologies, and (4) multifunction realization process evaluation. Discussed in field (1) are high temperature energy materials, high performance active materials, fundamental technologies for member designing, active materials for dealing with environmental gas, silicon based high resistance energy materials, porous multiple layer ceramic materials, macro-/micro-scale stress analysis technology, and microfracture analysis technology. Discussed in field (2) are heat resistant and damage tolerant materials, heat shielding materials and energy absorbing materials, and nanofilter materials capable of selective separation. In the study of active materials specific for environmental gas, a catalyst is developed, stable at high temperatures and capable of treating NOx selectively. The catalyst is a layered product comprising Ba hexaaluminate layers and stabilized zirconia layers. (NEDO)

Report on achievement in researching aids for practical application of recycling technologies in fiscal 1998. Development of a technology to treat hard-to-decompose chemical substances in incineration ash; 1998 nendo recycle gijutsu nado jitsuyoka shien kenkyu seika hokokusho. Shokyakubaichu no nanbunkaisei kagaku busshitsu nado no shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1999-05-01

This paper describes development of a technology to decompose dioxins in incineration fly ash. Experiments were carried out during fiscal 1998 by using a bench-scale plant and a laboratory-scale plant of the installed supercritical water treatment equipment designed and fabricated in fiscal 1997. With the bench-scale plant, operation methods were discussed, whereas high temperature and pressure operation of 25 MPa and a temperature internal to the reactor of 350 degrees C were achieved. An alcohol combustion test and a preliminary slurry delivery test were also performed. With the laboratory-scale plant, operating methods were discussed, and combustion tests were carried out by using different organic matters as fuels for the supercritical water oxidation reactor. Investigations were executed on the effects of reactive operation parameters on organic matter decomposition rates, produced gas compositions, and reactor wall temperatures. The intensity of hydrogen bond between solvent and water has decreased to almost half of the normal temperature and pressure water in the vicinity of the critical point. However, strong interaction still remained in terms of per unit density. A portable equipment (650 degrees C and 25 MPa at the maximum, and standard treatment quantity of dry fly ash of 1 kg/h) was operated for demonstration. Operation methods and organic matter decomposition characteristics were identified in alcohol operation and slurry operation. (NEDO)

FY 1997 R/D project of industrial and scientific technologies contracted with NEDO. Report on R/D of organosilicon polymers; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental techniques for molecular design, synthesis, material processing and evaluation of organosilicon polymers having excellent electro- and photo-functions, and advanced heat-proof, fire-proof and mechanical properties. This R/D includes (1) R/D of electrical conducting materials by organosilicon polymers, (2) R/D of novel organosilicon polymers applicable to direct lithography, (3) R/D of new silicon-based polymer materials with electro-luminous function, and (4) R/D of silicon-based polymers for new photoconductive materials. In (1), synthesis method of regular polymers with a 3-D structure was developed. Non-volatile dopants were developed, and structures of polymer-dopant composites could be controlled. In (2), precise control of conductivity was examined. Material processing and evaluation techniques were also examined through stabilization of polysilane thin films, optimization of pattern forming conditions, and precision of patterns. In (3), new silicon-based polymers have been synthesized. In (4), two kinds of polymers have been synthesized for development of materials with high photo-carrier generation efficiency and high mobility. 72 refs., 71 figs., 22 tabs.

Report on results of feasibility study in fiscal 1986 on use of coal in next generation high efficiency power generation system - research commissioned by Moonlight project propulsion room of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology. MHD generation subcommittee; 1986 nendo jisedai kokoritsu hatsuden system no sekitan gas riyo feasibility chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho (Kogyo Gijutsuin Moonlight keikaku suishinshitsu itaku chosa). MHD hatsuden bunkakai

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1987-03-01

A research study was done on MHD generation by coal gasificating combustion. MHD generation is a very attractive power generation system such that efficiency is as high as 55%, that preservation of the environment is superior, and that coal can be used as fuel. The open cycle seems suitable for a one million kW class as a base load following up load fluctuation of approximately 20%, while the closed cycle for 200-300 thousand kW class doing daily start-stop. With a mind to a scale of 30 MWt, in the open cycle, R and D is required in such items as a coal gas combustor, generation channel, high temperature air heater, and seed/slag recovery device. In the closed cycle, R and D is required in the generation channel, high temperature helium heater/high temperature valve, seed injection/recovery device, operation technique of helium closed loop, etc.. Moreover, as a total system, development is necessary in the areas of conceptual design and optimization method, partial load operation and DSS operation method, for example. (NEDO)

Report of the results of the fiscal 1997 regional consortium R and D project. Regional consortium energy field / Development of an environmentally friendly industrial cleaning system using near-critical and supercritical carbon dioxide (first fiscal year); 1997 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Chiiki consortium energy bun`ya / chorinkai ryutai wo mochiita kankyo chowagata kogyo senjo sochi no kaihatsu (daiichi nendo) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

In the manufacturing process of semiconductors and in the high tech industry, cleaning is indispensable. At present, when regulation of the use of CFC which used to be much used has been decided on, the conversion to the use of substitutes for CFC cleaning is urgently needed. Transfer to cleaning by water/alcohol/hydrocarbon has been proceeded with, but there are a lot of problems. Out of the development of the cleaning method using supercritical fluid, the paper described the fiscal 1997 result. As to enhancement of efficiency and decrease in size of equipment, a cleaning experiment by high pressure CO2 around the critical point was conducted by integrating nozzle, ultrasonic generator and cavitation generator and adding solvent circulating system. Multi-purpose and energy saving of the equipment were also studied. To establish an analysis method for the cleaning degree, the contaminated component film of trace organic matter with a specified thickness was formed on the silicon wafer, and using the Fourier transform ultrared spectroscopy, a method to determine the film thickness was studied. For the function evaluation for precision machine parts and determination of optimum cleaning conditions, the cleaning/degreasing process of valves were compared with the conventional method. For the product manufacturing, the paper investigated and prepared the data in Japan and from abroad. 55 refs., 79 figs., 18 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999 on research and development of human media under the industrial and scientific technology research and development institution. Research and development of a high-level petroleum plant information system technology; 1999 nendo human media no kenkyu kaighatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu plant kodo johoka system gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2000-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1999 on development of a high-level petroleum plant information system technology as part of the research and development of human media. Structuring has been performed on a prototype system comprising two stages: the phase 1 system of the single-element concentration and control type and the phase 2 system of the multi-agent type for the original fusing purpose. Relative to the interface agent, development has been made on a function for fusing, voice interactive function was realized, and personifying agent function was operated on a trial basis. In addition, a database server for large-scale cases was developed. Coordination with other agents and interactive operation were realized by making autonomic the hypothetical plant display interface. Dynamic task sharing was realized by means of discrete coordination processing. A server and a message producing system were completed, by which the processing can be progressed in coordination by having multiple number of agents share the ontology and the object models based thereon. The definition display interface was mounted for the discretely coordinating environment. (NEDO)

General report of entrustment investigation for demonstration tests of turnover from oil to methanol in the thermal power plants in fiscal 1995. Total assessment of methanol using power generation technology; 1995 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho methanol tenkan nado jissho shiken itaku gyomu hokokusho sokatsu hokokusho. Methanol riyo hatsuden gijutsu sogo hyoka chosa

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1996-03-01

To promote the introduction of methanol fuel into the thermal power plants, total assessment was provided. For calculating the methanol production cost, the plant was assumed to be constructed in the Southeast Asia or Middle East. Two methods, i.e., steam reforming and gaseous phase fluid methods, were investigated. Since the price of natural gas is low in the Middle East, the methanol production cost by the gaseous phase fluid method is estimated to be about 1.5 yen per thousand kcal. The transportation cost can be reduced into one-half to one-third of current cost using a large-scale tanker. Although the heating value of methanol per weight is lower than that of LNG, the volume flow of methanol is similar to that of LNG due to its low specific gravity. Conceptual designs were conducted for some power generation systems, such as gas turbine of combined cycle, diesel engine, and fuel cell. The power generation cost was estimated to be 8 to 9 yen per kWh, which depends on the receiving price of methanol. It is nearly equivalent to that of LNG combined cycle power generation. There are no problems of air pollution and ash disposal. When considering the long-term security of energy sources, the use of methanol would be one of the selections as utilization of natural gas. 6 refs., 33 figs., 25 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Venture business growing type consortium - small business creating infrastructure (Research and development of ultrasonic vibration machining and electrochemical reaction compound high-efficiency and ultra precision damage-free machining); 1998 nendo chochoonpa shindo denki kagaku hanno fukugogata konoritsu choseimitsu damage free kakoho no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2

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2000-03-01

The present research and development is intended to establish the ultrasonic vibration machining process (ultrasonic vibration means vibration with frequency band exceeding 60 kHz), and ultrasonic vibration machining and electrochemical reaction compound machining process. The following research assignments were executed: (1) development of an ultrasonic vibration machining device and tools, (2) fundamental study on ultrasonic vibration grinding, (3) development of an ultrasonic vibration machining and electrochemical reaction compound damage-free grinding device and tools, and (4) development of ultrasonic vibration machining and electrochemical reaction compound damage-free grinding technology. The achievements in the current fiscal year may be summarized as follows: (1) an ultrasonic vibration rotating main-shaft unit and an electrically insulated tool holder were developed; (2) developments were made on a grinding process by using a micro-diameter grinding wheel supported by ultrasonic vibration, a micro field pick-up unit process using the same wheel, fabrication of micro tools by means of the ultrasonic vibration grinding, processing by using a drill with very small diameter based on the ultrasonic vibration grinding, and a technology to drill holes by means of ultrasonic vibration using a machine-made drill; (3) an ultrasonic vibration rotating main shaft unit with variable amplitude at 75 kHz was developed; and (4) an interface reaction compound grinding process supported by ultrasonic vibration was developed. (NEDO)

FY 1998 annual report on the research on the possibility of introducing a usable chemical substance manufacturing system by utilizing natural gas containing CO2; CO{sub 2} gan'yu tennen gas den katsuyo ni yoru yuyo kagaku busshitsu seizo system donyu kanosei ni kansuru chosa kenkyu 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1999-03-01

The trends of effective use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields are surveyed, and usable chemical substance manufacturing systems which utilize natural energy are investigated, evaluated and analyzed, to extract promising systems for effective use of CO2-containing natural gas and thereby to promote its effective use. Chapter 1 outlines possibility of integrated use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields and natural gas energy. Chapter 2 describes the research trends in the CO2 conversion reactions for using unexploited CO2 as the carbon source. Chapter 3 describes natural energy utilization technology applicable to gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields. Chapter 4 describes performance of chemical manufacturing systems utilizing natural gas containing CO2. The energy balances and CO2 emission coefficients are estimated, based on the above. The evaluation is implemented in the order of (1) conventional steam reforming, (2) steam reforming in which heat is supplied by a solar furnace, (3) examination of the exhaust gases from a methanol synthesis process, and (4) examination of CO2-mixed reforming. Chapter 5 describes summary and proposals. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of a feasibility study on a system for producing useful chemical substances by utilizing CO2-containing natural gas fields. II; 1999 nendo CO{sub 2} gan'yu tennen gas den katsuyo ni yoru yuyo kagaku busshitsu seizo system donyu kanosei ni kansuru chosa kenkyu. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2000-03-01

The paper studied the solar energy use methanol synthesis using CO2 as raw material in the natural gas field with which a large quantity of CO2 is associated. This is a report on the FY 1999 survey. It was found that comparatively many natural gas fields containing CO2 exist also in Asia/Oceania regions. It was also found that when considering the climate and the transportation to Japan, Australia has more advantages in terms of the effective desert area, etc. and is the best site for solar system construction. Various solar concentrating/collecting methods now under development are roughly viewed to extract characteristics and developmental conditions. As to the reforming reaction furnace, it is necessary not only to absorb the world technology, but to develop Japan's original one. The conceptual design and assessment of the system were conducted. About the associated CO2, a limit of the concentration for use was estimated at 25%. In the study of elements of system structure, examined was the thermally combined simulation of heat flow and chemical reaction in the solar heat reaction furnace, and simple models were calculated and subjects were extracted. In a comparison with the conventional methanol synthesis method, this system was found to be excellent in conservation of fossil fuel resources and reduction in CO2 emissions. (NEDO)

Research and development project for large industrial technologies in fiscal 1992. Achievement report on research and development of an advanced function creating and processing technology (Development of a technology to prevent corrosion in petroleum production systems); 1992 nendo senshin kino soshutsu kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisan system fushoku boshi gijutsu kaihatsu

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1993-03-01

In order to enhance durability and safety of members used in ocean bottom petroleum collecting systems, researches were made to create materials having excellent corrosion resistance, strength and heat resistance. In the research of a gas sensor to measure nature of drilled mud water, high corrosion resistance and sensitivity improvement in an infrared gas sensor was attempted through research and development of a high-purity and high-quality film forming technology. In the research of an inclination structure creating technology, researches were made on an interface control technology to enhance adhesion of substrates with ultra fine particle complexes. Developmental research was performed on materials by synthesizing the ultra fine particle complex and by injecting ions into the surface layer. In developing thick ceramics film or bulk having high functions, researches were carried out on a synthesizing technology using compound plasma, and a synthesizing technology using compound laser. In synthesizing high-function organic materials, researches were performed on a high-order structure control technology using the molecular beam compound reaction field, and on a material synthesizing technology using the photon compound reaction field and the interface compound reaction field. A compound reaction field diagnosis technology using the laser ionizing process was studied as a supporting technology. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the industrial science and technology development. Technology development of super-metal (technology development of nano-amorphous structural control materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seika hokokusho. Super metal no gijutsu kaihatsu (nano-amorphous kozo seigyo zairyo no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Research and development of the innovative metals have been conducted, by which the weight reduction of members can be done by drastically improving the strength compared with conventional metals. For the high-rate cluster deposition and super plastic forming technologies, research and development of aluminum-based light-weight materials have been conducted, which provides excellent strength, toughness, and super plastic formability at room temperature. For the high-density energy utilization and control technology (amorphous-A), super-metals have been investigated as high dew point and corrosion resistance materials used for waste incinerators operated under the very severe conditions. These are expected to be applied to the apparatuses and equipment due to their excellent properties. For the controlled cooling technology (amorphous-B), super-metals with excellent soft magnetic characteristics and degree of shape freedom have been investigated for high performance and high efficiency devices including electric/electronic/communication devices, power transmission devices, and various industrial devices and parts. These are expected to contribute to the creation of new markets and the improvement of international competitive force. 123 refs., 160 figs., 33 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report of the R and D result of industrial science and technology. R and D on synergy ceramics (R and D on an ultrahigh-temperature gas turbine for power generation); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden`yo chokoon gas turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For development of high-efficiency power generation gas turbines using petroleum substituting energy, the process technology which can highly harmonize conflicting characteristics and various functions was developed for new ceramic materials. This paper summarizes the result in fiscal 1997. On design technology of the characteristics harmonizing process, the design and synthesis of ceramic precursors were made by using chemical reaction of metal organics. On analysis of fracture behavior by controlling microscopic and macroscopic particle shapes, orientations were observed by convergent ion beam. On control technology of a structure formation process, study was made on continuous pore shape control to form porous material with uni-directionally arranged pores in ceramic matrix, interface control between particles to decrease a plastic deformation temperature and improve a heat insulation, interface control between phases of a rare-earth silicate/silicon-carbide-based composite, boundary control between layers of piezoelectric ceramics, and boundary control of the composite where inorganic-organic hybrids occupy the interface between ceramic particles. 79 refs., 193 figs., 15 tabs.

FY 1984 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Survey of the potential quantity supplied of overseas resource (Survey of the usability of methanol); 1984 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken kaigai shigen kyokyu kano ryo chosa (Metanoru riyo kanosei chosa) seika hokokusho

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1985-03-01

The paper studied a scenario of the demand for power generation use methanol in Japan by grasping the situation of the utilization of methanol as fuel in the world, studying a scenario of power supply and the positioning of methanol power generation in Japan, doing a trial calculation of the breakeven price of power generation use methanol, etc. As to the usability of power generation use methanol as fuel, in the use for the reformed gas turbine and fuel cell, there is a possibility of making up for the disadvantage in fuel price by future technical development. For the fuel conversion at existing coal-fired power plants and the application of methanol to combined cycle and newly-installed boiler, it is necessary to have a substantial drop in methanol price. Taking an advantage that methanol can be transported in small size and easily be stored, methanol can possibly be used as fuel for dispersed power sources. The potential demand for petroleum substituting methanol is estimated at approximately 25 million t/y, assuming it to be 1/2 of the petroleum consumption amount. The present methanol market in the world is not so large for quantity use as fuel, and for the introduction, therefore, it is necessary to secure flexibility in supply. (NEDO)

FY 1984 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Survey of the potential quantity supplied of overseas resource (Survey of the potential quantity supplied of methanol); 1984 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken kaigai shigen kyokyu kano ryo chosa (Metanoru kyokyu kano ryo chosa) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1985-03-01

Based on the results of the survey of the potential quantity supplied of overseas resource which was made from FY 1981 to FY 1983, the paper predicted the world methanol supply plan, changes in the oil situation, economical efficiency of methanol and the competitive power with petroleum products, etc., and studied the time of potential supply, areas of potential supply and supply potential of power generation use methanol during the period toward 2000. In case the comparatively low crude oil price is predicted due to the energy supply/demand (Scenario A), the supply potential of power generation use methanol in four projects on methanol production taken up as trial calculation example is considered very low. Even in case the comparatively high crude oil price is predicted (Scenario C), it is in 1989 that the methanol market price becomes equivalent in heat quantity to the crude oil price. It is difficult to expect the potential before 1989. In case of the intermediate case between Scenario A and Scenario C (Scenario B), it is in 1993 that the methanol price becomes equivalent in heat quantity to the crude oil price. It is difficult to expect the potential before 1993. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D on original advanced material creation technology (development of precise structure control materials for oil refinery improvement). R and D result report on multi-dimensional polymers; 1998 nendo dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (sekiyu seisei kodoka seimitsu kozo seigyo zairyo kaihatsu) seika hokokusho. Tajigen kukan polymer no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1999-03-01

For development of radical-controlled synthesis technology of aromatic compounds using enzyme-related catalysts and synthesis technology of ordered compounds, and development of synthesis technology of new polymer groups with non-covalent bond linkages and new topological structures, this R and D on multi-dimensional polymers is promoting 2 research themes, (1) precise polymer synthesis technology using enzyme-related catalysts, and (2) chemical synthesis technology for polymers with non-covalent bond linkages and new topological structures. The joint research on (1) precise polymer synthesis technology using enzyme-related catalysts established the high-yield synthesis technology of phenol dimer first in the world. The joint research first studied the synthesis using 2,6-dimethylphenol as monomer through synthesis of phenol groups using ferrosalen, and obtained the mixture of polymer components more than 10,000 in molecular weight and low-molecular weight components by using 1,4- dioxane as solvent. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report on rationalization project for international energy conservation, technological dissemination project for international energy conservation, and Green Helmet Project. Japan-China alternative energy seminar/waste disposal; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shiyo gorika nado taisaku jigyo, kokusai energy shohi koritsuka nado gijutsu fukyu jigyo, green helmet jigyo chosa hokokusho. Nicchu sekiyu daitai energy seminar haikibutsu shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

This paper explains the Japan-China alternative energy seminar (February 28 and March 1, 2001, at Beijing). The purpose of the seminar is to introduce systematic and three-dimensional or land/sea/air measures for waste disposal including recycling in Japan, to provide guidance of measures in improving recognition and methods for waste disposal in China, and also to contribute to the dissemination and promotion of a model project for effectively utilizing waste heat from rubbish incineration, a project being implemented in Harbin City now. The activities of NEDO were introduced, with emphasis placed on a model program, called Green Aid Project, for managing heat from waste incineration. On the subjects of sustainable development, urban environment, and energy, the policy of China's tenth five-year plan was demonstrated, and the treatment of wastes in China was also explained. The present state of waste processing in Japan was introduced, as was its maintenance of the facilities. Concerning Japan's waste processing technologies and characteristics of the equipment, there were presented non-incineration processing including crushing/separating, RDF, compost, methane fermentation, etc.; incineration plants; and each of the technologies such as combustion, exhaust gas, ash treatment, use of remaining heat, and gasification melting. (NEDO)

Report on results concerning development of supermetal technology, R and D of offshore oil production supporting system, and development of technology for aluminum-based high-anticorrosive microstructured metallic material (FY2000); Super metal no gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (2000 nendo). Kaitei sekiyu seisan shien system kenkyu kaihatsu (Aluminium kei kotaishokusei bisai kozo seigyo kinzoku zairyo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

With the purpose of developing high strength and high-anticorrosive aluminum-based material through microstructure control, R and D was conducted, with fiscal 2000 results compiled. In the research of grain refinement mechanism, molten metal rolled stock was experimentally produced in which Mg content was varied 0-2.5 mass % with Al-2.5 mass % Mn as its base. As a result, a microstructure with an average grain size of about 3 {mu}m was obtained by processing the alloy through homogenization at 550 degrees C, cold rolling by 91% and the final treatment at 350 degrees C without Mg addition. Addition of Mg increased square grain boundaries in the microstructure, raising proof stress to about 180 MPa in Al-2.5%Mn-2.5%Mg alloy. In the research of development of the machining process, a rapid heating process was performed on a typical aluminum alloy, with the effect examined, by an alloy system or a plate thickness, on the electric power used and on the temperature reached. A rapidly heated aluminum alloy plate turned to have a microstructure with equi-axed grains of a uniform size, compared with a salt bath processed material heated at the same temperature. (NEDO)

FY 1991 report on the results of the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant. Feasibility study of a new system for the stabilized supply of fuel use methanol; 1991 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Nenryo you metanoru kyokyu antei ka no tameno shin system no kanosei chosa hokokusho

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1992-03-01

As a part of the project on the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant, feasibility study was made of a new system for methanol production by using abundant hydraulic power energy overseas and by combining water electrolysis and coal gasification technology, and the FY 1991 results were summarized. As a result of the survey, the following were selected as water electrolysis facilities: high efficiency/high current density/simplification system and solid polyelectrolyte electrolysis system with a high purity of hydrogen gas. As the coal gasifier, the oxygen blown furnace was selected which has a high carbon utilization factor, is able to gasify coal at high pressure, has no unnecessary N{sub 2}, and is being used in the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power system. As methanol synthesis facilities, the MGC/MHI method super converter was selected. Assuming the output of hydroelectric power generation to be 4,000MW, conceptual design of the optimum system was made. The methanol cost was estimated under the conditions written below: cost of hydroelectric power generation at site: 2-5 yen/kWh, coal unit price at site: 5,000-6,000 yen/t, transportation distance: 5,000-10,000 km. (NEDO)

FY 1982 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Survey of the potential supply amount of overseas resource (Survey of the potential supply amount of methanol); 1982 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Kaigai shigen kyokyu kano ryo chosa (Metanoru kyokyu kano ryo chosa) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-07-01

For the study of the potential supply amount of methanol as power generation use fuel, survey was conducted as case study on the following: Victorian brown coal of Australia, conversion of Arun natural gas to methanol at site in Indonesia, political/social/technical restrictions, supply scale, economical efficiency, etc. at the time of the supply to Japan. For the calculation of economical efficiency, it was assumed that the scale of methanol production was 5,000 t/d, that the plant operated years were 20 and that the price of acquisition of raw material was US$4-10/t in Victorian brown coal and US$1-4/t in Arun natural gas. As a result of the study, in the case of natural gas base methanol, the CIF Japan is lower than CIF prices of LNG and crude oil in case the price of acquisition of raw material is US$1/t, but is higher than those in case the price is US$2/t. In the case of brown coal base methanol, it was found that the CIF Japan could not be lower than CIF prices of LNG and crude oil even in case the price of acquisition of raw material is US$4/t, which is the lowest. (NEDO)

Report on the results of the fiscal 1997 R and D under consignment from NEDO of photon measuring/processing technology (R and D of petroleum production system high-grade measuring/processing technology); 1997 nendo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku photon keisoku kako gijutsu (sekiyu seisan system kodo keisoku kako gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The R and D were conducted of high-strength and high-accuracy welding/joining technology using laser, technology to measure and assess the joining state of structures and defects around the surface of structures and inside structures by high accuracy and high resolution, and technology/equipment to generate a laser light source for the tool, which are all required to remarkably enhance safety/reliability of oil drilling facilities working in the severe environment. In fiscal 1997, as the R and D of oil production system high-grade measuring/processing technology, technical study, study of measures to be taken, operating experiment, assessment, examination, etc. were conducted on the following themes: 1) macroscopic processing technology (R and D of high-reliability laser welding technology), 2) non-destructive composition measuring technology (R and D of internal measurement and photoelectron spectroscopy using short-wavelength radiation), 3) tight-focusing all-solid-state laser technology (R and D of fiber laser), 4) tight-focusing all-solid-state laser technology (R and D of high-efficiency laser diode), and 5) comprehensive investigation of phonics engineering (investigation for photon-applied materials processing technology). 256 refs., 205 figs., 18 tabs.

FY 1992 report on the results of the demonstration test on the methanol conversion at oil-fired power plant. Feasibility study of a new system for the stabilized supply of fuel use methanol; 1992 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken. Nenryo you metanoru kyokyu antei ka no tameno shin system no kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

An investigational study was made of potentiality of a new system for methanol production by using abundant hydraulic power energy overseas and by combining water electrolysis and coal gasification technology, and the FY 1992 results were summarized. In this fiscal year, survey was made of the potential water power and coal in Malaysia, Canada and Brazil, and case study was also made. As a result of the study, the cost of methanol was 7.1 yen/10{sup 3}kcal in case of Malaysia, 8.6 yen/10{sup 3}kcal in case of Canada and 8.9 yen/10{sup 3}kcal in case of Brazil. It was found out that the cost was economically less advantageous as compared with the present methanol price of 3.0-5.5 yen/10{sup 3}kcal. In a comparison between the existing coal/oil/LNG thermal power generation and this system from viewpoints of the energy balance/CO2 emission amount, the energy balance of this system is worse than those of the above-mentioned power generation when adding the coal thrown, but the CO2 emission amount of the system was less than those of coal/oil thermal power generation. In conclusion, this system seems to be an effective means in the light of the promotion of development of the undeveloped hydraulic power, effective utilization of renewable energy and global environmental preservation. (NEDO)

FY 1997 report on the results of the industrial technology R and D project. Development of technology to use biological resources such as the complex biological system (Development of biological use petroleum substitution fuel production technology); 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Experimental researches were conducted and the FY 1997 results were reported with the aim of establishing analytical technology for the complex biological system by which the complex biological system can be analyzed in such a state as it is using the molecular biological method. In the study of the molecular genetic analytical technology, PCR primers used for amplification of topoisomerase II genes of the whole eukaryote was designed. As to the histochemical analytical technology, a study was made on the new constitution microorganism detection method by the hybridization method and the antibody specific dyeing method, and the following were conducted: manifestation in quantity of colibacillus and the recovery, refining, and construction of peptide library by fuzzy display method. Concerning the functional analytical technology, technological researches were made such as the environmental adaptation mechanism of high thermophile and the information transfer mechanism among bacteria through cell membranes for elucidation of the special environment detection/response mechanism and the special environment adaptation/resistance mechanism. As to the separation/culture technology, various anaerobic microorganisms were separated from marine sponge for the development of a method of culturing in 3D matrices. (NEDO)

FY 1998 industrial technology R and D project. Report on the results of the development of utilization technology of biological resource such bioconsortia system (Development of production technology of biological use petroleum substituting fuels); 1998 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo seibutsukeinado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Technology development was conducted for production of useful substances using the bioconsortia system. In FY 1998, the development of element technology was studied. As to the utilization technology of gut symbiotic microorganisms such as termite and longhorn beetle, clone types of gut microorganism complex system were analyzed to find out the diversification. In the decay of wood, co-culture of two species of mold fungus was increased in efficiency than single culture. More than 90% was classified/identified of the mold fungi accumulated (in wood piece)/separated for the utilization of plant symbiotic microorganisms. For the production of petroleum substituting useful resource, conditions were established of callus induction from immature embryos of tropical oil crops, especially oil palm, and of regeneration of a lot of small plants from the callus. To establish the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of oil palm, the binary vector harboring the reporter gene and selectable marker gene was constructed. Using the vector, oil palm tissues are inoculated and infected with agrobacteria. To heighten the function of palm oil, 10 particular clones were selected from the complementary DNA library obtained from oil palm fruit tissues. The genetic study of germs was also made. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of technologies to invent original high-functional materials; 1996 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Technologies were described of creating original high-functional materials. The paper presented the following two as fields of technology on which importance is to be placed for the future R and D from technological and socioeconomic points of view. In the field of new materials of living organism imitation type, remarkably high-performance/high-functional new materials are invented by imitating the precise function manifestation mechanism of the ultimate living organism in which a great variety of matters are in harmony with each other and manifest complicated and high-level functions. In the field of structural control/synthesis process technology, the paper is aimed at manifestation of newer and higher functions/performance and innovation of the synthesis process, and also at developing technology to precisely control structure and process of materials including surface and interface in correspondence with atomic/molecular to macro levels. Up to the present, conducted were an examination of autonomous response materials (the subtheme is a R and D of polymer/composite multi-stimuli-responsive materials) and a R and D of precise polymerization (control) polymer materials. 239 refs., 129 figs., 49 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the R and D result of industrial science and technology. R and D on super metal (R and D on innovative raw metal materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seika hokokusho. Super metal no gijutsu kaihatsu (kakushinteki kinzoku sokei zairyo no gijutsu kaihatsu)

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NONE

1998-03-01

Study was made on the applicability of mechanical milling (MM) and mechanical alloying (MA) to Fe system alloys. Metastable austenitic stainless steels such as SUS316L and SUS304L form {alpha} phases by strain induced transformation due to MM, and are subjected to further plastic deformation. Nano-size fine structure was obtained through inverse transformation into austenite({gamma}) by heat treatment or high-temperature sintering of MM powder. Fine microduplex structure of 620nm in average crystal grain size was obtained for SUS316L. This material showed nearly 3.3 times higher 0.2% tensile proof stress, nearly 1.8 times higher tensile strength, and 35% higher elongation than conventional ingot steels. Solid solution powder of 12Cr-Mo-W ferritic steel was sintered by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) under low- temperature and ultrahigh-pressure conditions of 650degC and 588MPa. The as-HIP`ed sample and sample annealed at 800degC showed average {alpha} grain sizes of 33 and 50nm, respectively, and a strength twice as high as that of 12Cr steel. 97 refs., 60 figs., 18 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the model project for the effective energy consumption in developing countries. Survey of changes of energy conservation technology and environmental protection technology in the oil refining industry in Japan; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Hatten tojokoku energy shohi koritsuka model jigyo (Nippon sekiyu seiseigyo ni okeru sho energy gijutsu to kankyo taisaku gijutsu no hensen chosa hokokusho)

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1998-03-01

For global scale measures to be taken for environmental protection, it becomes more and more important in the future to positively transfer and spread energy conservation technologies of Japan to overseas countries. Especially, it is effective for both economic growth in the Asian region and global environmental protection to transfer technologies which the oil refining industry has been developing and accumulating. Energy conservation in the oil refining industry means the energy conservation by strengthening the operational control at the first and second oil crises in the first stage, the energy conservation in the second stage which was accompanied by small and medium scale plant/equipment investments during several years after the first stage, and the energy conservation in the third stage which was accompanied by large scale investments from the first half of the 1980s to the present, resulting in improvement of 40% over before the first oil crisis. As to environmental protection measures, measures to reduce waste from oil refinery against air pollution and water pollution were prepared by the first half of the 1970s, and technologies were established of waste water treatment, flue gas desulfurization and denitrification. A lot of facilities for improvement of product quality and for low pollution were installed. In addition to environmental technologies, also in other industries, there were seen the heightening of thermal efficiency of kiln and thermal efficiency of cooling technique of clinker cooler in the cement industry and the improvement of productivity in the paper/pulp industry. 360 figs., 62 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the technology development of super metal (R and D of the undersea oil production support system). Development of technology of aluminum-base high corrosion resistant fine structure controlling metal materials; 1999 nendo super metal no gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kaitei sekiyu seisan shien system kenkyu kaihatsu (aluminium kei kotaishokusei bisai kozo seigyo kinzoku zairyo gijutsu kaihtsu)

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2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing aluminum materials excellent in industrial characteristics, a study was conducted to create large-sized aluminum materials having mesoscopic crystal structure, and the FY 1999 results were summarized. In this fiscal year, to create the fine crystal grain structure, the following were conducted: fundamental study of high strain accumulation process, study of a mechanism of fine crystal grain formation, development of the processing method, and development of evaluation technology. In the study of high strain accumulation process, effects were examined of conditions of molten metal rolling on castability. Fundamental studies were also made of innovative technologies such as ECAP method, pre-forged structure controlling rolling, accumulative roll bonding and thermomechanical treatment. In the study of the mechanism of fine crystal grain structure formation, the following were conducted: Al-Mn base alloys produced by molten metal rolling, 6061 alloys by warm rolling with different peripheral speed rolling, and 7000 group alloys by warm rolling. As to the processing method, study was made on low-temperature rolling technology and rapid heat treatment technology. As to the evaluation technology, study was made on evaluation of crystal grain diameter by EBSP. (NEDO)

Research and development of a technology to create original high-function materials in fiscal 1998 (development of precision structure controlling materials by improving petroleum refining). Report on achievements in research and development of precision catalytic polymerization; 1998 nendo dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekiyu seisei kodoka seimitsu kozo seigyo zairyo kaihatsu (seimitsu shokubai jugo no kenkyu kaihatsu)

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NONE

1999-03-01

Research and development on precision catalytic polymerization aims at developing polymerizing catalysts that can control arbitrarily the molecular weight and three-dimensional regularity by which rapid enhancement can be expected in performance of additional polymerization type polymers, and the primary structure of terminal groups. Works are being done on two sub-themes of ultimate additional polymerization and orientation catalyst polymerization. The research and development of the ultimate additional polymerization included structural control in polymerization reaction in vinyl chloride, vinylester and acrylic monomers, radical polymerization with precision orientation control, anionic polymerization with precision structural control, and precision polymerization utilizing asymmetric metal porphyrin complexes. In the research and development of the orientation catalyst polymerization, the orientation catalyst polymerization was researched and developed, elementary reaction of metallocene was elucidated, high-performance carrier catalysts were developed, advanced function polymers were synthesized at high precision based on metathesis, and improvement of functions of polyolefin was researched and developed. Surveys and studies were carried out on fundamental technologies common to the above two themes re-commissioned to five universities. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the basic survey to promote the joint implementation. Potential survey of the greenhouse effect gas reduction by high-efficient utilization of the oil residue in Bataan Refinery in the Philippines; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa hokokusho. Philippines koku Bataan seiyusho ni okeru sekiyu zansa kokoritsu riyo ni yoru onshitsu koka gas sakugen kanosei chosa

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2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the CO2 emitted from electricity/vapor supply facilities of Bataan Refinery in the Philippines, study was conducted of optimum energy supply facilities considering the effective use of the oil residue and future reinforcement of the refinery. Concerning the high-pressure/high-temperature condensing extraction boiler/turbine cogeneration, gas turbine cogeneration and low speed diesel engine cogeneration, comparative study was carried out in terms of thermal efficiency, reliability/preservation, environmental acceptability, effectiveness of measures for the future excessive oil residue, etc. As a result, the study was concluded as follows: the electric power consumption will markedly increase in the future; however, in the light of the situation of the refinery where the vapor demand will not increase, it is the most suitable to use low speed diesel engine cogeneration facilities as on-site power generation facilities which can burn the excessively increasing oil residue as direct fuel. The CO2 reduction effect estimated from the project on the present scale was 132,880 t-CO2/y, and the energy conservation effect estimated was 50,861 toe/y. (NEDO)

Industrial science and technology research and development project of university cooperative type in fiscal 2000. Report on achievements in semiconductor device manufacturing processes using Cat-CVD method (Development of technology to rationalize energy usage); 2000 nendo daigaku renkeigata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu project. Cat-CVD ho ni yoru handotai device seizo process seika hokokusho (energy shiyo gorika gijutsu kaihatsu)

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2001-03-01

The catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD) method is a low-temperature thin film depositing technology that can achieve improvement in quality of semiconductor thin films and can perform inexpensive film deposition in a large area. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000 in the demonstrative research and development theme of the present project, centering on the following five areas: 1) discussions on application of the Cat-CVD method to the mass production process for gallium arsenide integrated circuits, 2) studies on the possibility to apply the Cat-CVD method to the process to fabricate nitrided silicon protective film for ferroelectric memory devices, 3) formation of nitrided silicon films for silicon integrated circuits by means of the Cat-CVD method, and development of a chamber cleaning technology, 4) fabrication of high-mobility poly-crystalline silicon thin film transistors formed by using the Cat-CVD method and large particle size poly-crystalline silicon films by using the catalytic chemical sputtering process, and 5) discussions on properties of amorphous silicon thin film transistors formed by using the Cat-CVD method and formation of large area films by using a catalyst integrated shower head. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 joint R and D project on industrial science and technology with university. Research report on the production process of semiconductor devices by Cat-CVD (Development of practical technology for rational use of energy); 1998 nendo daigaku renkei sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu project. Cat-CVD ho ni yoru handotai device seizo process seika hokokusho (energy shiyo gorika kankei gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu)

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1996-03-01

The Cat-CVD method is in verification test to establish it as production process of various semiconductor devices such as Ga-As IC, ferroelectric IC, Si IC, and TFT. This paper outlines the research results in fiscal 1998. Study was made on concept design of the Cat-CVD equipment for formation of Ga-As protective film, and basic technology for formation of SiN{sub x} film. Although reducing gas is used for deposition of SiN{sub x} film, anxious modification of oxide ferroelectric materials was avoided by substrate temperature control. Design and fabrication of the CVD equipment for Si ICs were also studied. The equipment was made of Al to control degassing as low as possible. As for production of TFT for LCD, formation technology of high-quality insulating thin film for low-temperature poly-Si TFT by CVD method, and formation of advanced insulating thin film and advanced poly- Si thin film were studied. A large-size deposition method of TFT insulating film, and low-temperature formation technology of poly-Si were also studied. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D under a consignment from NEDO of the environment friendly type production technology. High-functional chemical synthesis bioreactor (for public); 1996 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kankyo chowagata seisan gijutsu (kokino kagaku gosei bioreactor) kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of developing production technology of chemical substances which are resource conservative, energy saving and less in environmental loads, a R and D was conducted of a high-functional chemical synthesis bioreactor. The paper reported the results of fiscal 1996. As for proliferation control breeding technology, relating to the switch control technology of proliferation related genes by regulatory factors, the effectiveness on an incubator level was demonstrated, and at the same time improvement of reactor performance in using this technology was studied on paper. As to the manifestation control breeding technology, the actual design of the development of manifestation promotion technology by bent DNA, etc. was proceeded with, and at the same time the following were commenced: selection of bent DNA, confirmation of bent characteristics, and work of vector construction using candidate bent DNA. Further, the simple assessment system of manifestation vectors was constructed. In the development of bioreactor system technology, the actual design was started of the two-stage culture continuance system which separated proliferation and enzyme production. 48 refs., 41 figs., 6 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems (Development of technologies for rational use of energy); 2000 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika gijutsu kaihatsu)

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2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the R and D project for development of intellectual materials and structural systems, as part of development of technologies for rational use of energy. The program for development of health monitoring technologies produces the bright prospects for commercialization of the fine FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensor which can be embedded in a CFRP prepreg, and establishes the crack detecting method. The program for development of smart manufacturing technologies describes the dielectric constant sensor capable of monitoring the curing process, detection of the cured conditions by the optical fiber sensor, and development of the performs by RTM (Resin Transfer Molding). The program for technological development of the active-adaptive structures conducts the vibration- and noise-controlling tests for the small-size structural elements, confirming that the damping coefficient is improved by at least 20% and acoustic power is reduced by at least 30%. The program for developing the actuator materials and elements improves the piezoelectric characteristics of the PZT-based materials by hybrid sintering, and develops the actuators of high-durability FGM (Function-Gradient Materials). It also develops the foil- and belt-shaped shape memory alloys by arc-aided dissolution and rapid solidification of Ti-Ni-Cu-based alloys. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the R and D on industrial science and technology for creating new industries. R and D on intelligent material and structure systems (Development of practical technology for rational use of energy); 1998 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika kankei gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1999-03-01

As a part of development of intelligent material/structure systems, study was made on practical technology for rational use of energy. For resource saving and energy saving (smartening) for large and complex machines and structure systems, light-weight long-life materials/structures are indispensable. Study was thus made on the basic technology of material/structure systems equipped with realtime defect detection function, structural integrity diagnosis function and control function of noise and vibration through information processing and control by integrating composite material/structure and fiber or film sensor material/device. For development of smartening technology, sensing technology was studied to detect the interior structure of composite material/structure compacts. The basic fabrication technology of ceramic actuator materials/devices, and shape memory alloy system actuators were put into development. Smooth connection and cooperation among groups were promoted through the technical committee and research on domestic and overseas trends for forming common knowledge. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). The R and D aims at establishment of observation/manipulation technology of atoms and molecules as common basic technology in various industrial fields such as new material, electronics, bio-technology and chemistry. The R and D thus aims at establishment of observation/manipulation of solid surfaces and DNA organic molecules, formation of fine structures of atomic surface arrangement, and calculation/ simulation for predicting a reaction theorem of atom and molecule surfaces. In fiscal 1997, research was made on improvement and development of computer simulation environment, and description of an excited state of electrons by Green function. Establishment of a construction method and computation code is under investigation for pseudo- potential dependent on excitation energy. Survey was made on research trends of the atom technology by visiting overseas academic societies and institutions. International Symposium on Atom Technology was also held in Tokyo in Nov. 1997

Industrial science and technology research and development business for fiscal 1998. Research and development achievement report on glycoconjugate production and utilization technologies (Development of technologies of glycoconjugate-aided CO{sub 2} fixation and utilization); 1998 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo toshitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (fukugo toshitsu oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu)

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1999-03-01

Enzymatic and chemical methods were combined and methods were developed for synthesizing mucin type sugar chains and glycopeptides. The influence of sugar chain positions and structures on glycoconjugate stereo structures and physiological activities was analyzed, and glycopeptide structural activities and glycoconjugate remodelling were studied. To create an industrial advantage in a glycoprotein production system by use of zooblasts, sugar chain structure control through sugar transfase occurrence control was studied. For the production of man-adaptive sugar chains using yeast, new yeast variations were subjected to molecular breeding, and tested for the resultant improvement on productivity. Sugar chain marking and refining techniques and various responding mechanisms on the solid surface were elucidated, which enabled structure analyses using sugar chain recognition molecules such as lectins and antibodies. A database on interactions between sugar chains and sugar chain recognition molecules was constructed using the said findings. An analyzing program was also formulated tentatively. This paper also covers general surveys and studies on technologies of producing and utilizing glycoconjugates. (NEDO)

FY 1983 report on the results of the verification test on the methanol conversion for oil-fired power plant. Survey of the potential supply amount of overseas resource - Survey of methanol usability (Conceptual design of methanol reformed gas turbine); 1983 nendo sekiyu karyoku hatsudensho metanoru tenkan tou jissho shiken kaigai shigen kyokyu kano ryo chosa (Metanoru riyo kanosei chosa) - Metanoru kaishitsu gata gastabin no gainen sekkei

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1984-03-01

For the purpose of using methanol as power generation use fuel, the paper carried out of the conceptual design of methanol reformed high efficiency gas turbine and the evaluation study of economical efficiency. The methanol reformed gas turbine is to recover the heat from turbine flue gas and to improve thermal efficiency by using the fact that the vapor reforming reaction or decomposition reaction of methanol advance endothermicly at low temperature between 250 and 350 degrees C. It was judged that the combination with the existing technology made the practical application possible and that it was appropriate to adopt the regenerative gas turbine/water-injection and reforming (RGGT/WI and R). As a result of the trial calculation of construction cost of RGGT/WI and R and calculation of power generation cost, RGGT/WI and R became more profitable than the simple open gas turbine at a capacity ratio of 10% or more, and became more profitable than the combined cycle at all capacity ratios. In the use of RGGT/WI and R, which uses methanol as fuel, SOx is not included in flue gas, and the NOx included is estimated at 35ppm or so. The amount satisfies the standard according to the boiler using fluid as fuel. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using living organisms); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

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2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing the technology for producing and degrading useful substances using bioconsortia, study was made of the handling technology of bioconsortia, the basic element technology, etc., and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the study of the high-grade utilization technology of lignocellulose/the components, an sample was obtained in which the effect of the bacteria culture supernatant treatment was recognized in the biobleaching by co-treatment of the bacteria culture filtrate - MnP. As to the search for control factor of lignin degrading enzyme and the utilization technology, it was found out that bisphenol A was efficiently degraded by a combination of laccase and mediator production bacteria. Concerning the utilization technology of plant symbiotic bacteria, classification/identification have been finished of approximately 60% of the stored bacteria. In the study of the production technology of the petroleum substituting useful resource, a system was constructed in which immature embryos were used for callus induction and regeneration of plantlets, and plants were regenerated at high frequency via the formation of adventitious embryos. By this, the culture cell with high propagation ability was obtained. (NEDO)

Report on the results of research and development under a consignment from NEDO of glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies. Development of technologies to fix and effectively utilize carbon dioxide by applying glycoconjugates; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Fukugo toshitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (fukugo toshitsu oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

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1998-03-01

This paper reports research results in fiscal 1997 for the `research and development of glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies`. In synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies for glycoconjugates by means of chemical synthesis, studies were performed on developing methods to synthesize Gal {beta}1-3Gal NA(c {alpha})1-0-Serine in preparative scale, synthesizing high mannose type sugars of natural type without protection groups, and linking GlcNA or GalNAc onto partial peptide of fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies for glycoconjugates by using biological methods, studies were carried out, with regard to glycoconjugate synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies utilizing animal cells, on identifying sugar structures of IFN-{gamma} produced from CHO cell line, and isolating CHO cell lines introduced with genes of sugar transferred enzyme GnTIV and/or GnTV. Furthermore, studies were conducted on glycoconjugate synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies utilizing microorganisms, and glycoconjugate structure analyzing technologies. In addition, overall investigation was made on glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies. 113 refs., 76 figs., 18 tabs.

Industrial and scientific technology research and development project in fiscal 1997 commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization. Research and development of superconducting materials and transistors (report on overall investigation of superconductive devices); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Chodendo zairyo chodendo soshi no kenkyu kaihatsu (chodendo soshika gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho)

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1998-03-01

This paper describes development of superconducting new function transistors. Fiscal 1997 as the final year of the project advanced improvement in such transistor-using processes as formation and micro-processing of superconducting thin films to show enhancement in characteristics of high-temperature superconducting transistors and possibility of their application utilizing their high speed motions. Furthermore, fundamental technologies were studied with an aim on junction transistors to be applied as circuits. For field effect transistors, evaluation was performed on critical current distribution of step-type particle boundary junction to make it possible to evaluate characteristics of hundreds of transistors. At the same time, a magnetic flux quantum parametron gate with three-layer structure was fabricated to identify its operation. In superconducting-base transistors, strong reflection was recognized on temperature dependence of permittivity of an Nb-doped strontium titanate substrate used for collectors, by which barrier height was reduced. In the junction transistor and circuit technology, isotropic ramp-edge junctions were fabricated, and so was a frequency divider circuit with single magnetic flux quantum mode operation for evaluating high-speed response characteristics. High time resolution current was observed successfully by using a high-temperature superconducting sampler system. 148 refs., 127 figs., 4 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. R and D of complex carbonhydrate production/utilization technology (Development of CO2 fixation/effective utilization technology by applying complex carbonhydrate); 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo toushitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (Fukugo toushitsu oyo nisankatanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

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2000-03-01

For the purpose of making an industrial use of complex carbonhydrate performing an important function in substance recognition, etc., which cannot be realized by only nucleic acid, protein and lipid, the R and D of the basic technology related to the production/utilization were conducted, and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the study of synthesis/utilization/remodeling technology of complex carbonhydrate using the chemical synthesis method, the R and D were made not only on the synthesis of sugar chain but for the synthesis method of the peptide added with sugar chain, that is, glycopeptide. Further, as to the reaction with the aim of the application, there was hope for large-quantity synthesis of milk oligosaccharide by the oxygen method. In the study of the design technology of complex carbonhydrate molecules, the systematical analysis using the model glycopeptide was conducted of effects of the sugar chain addition part and sugar chain structure on the 3D structure and physiological activity. Concerning the synthesis/utilization/remodeling technology of complex carbonhydrate using the biological method, study was made of the animal cell utilization, microorganism utilization, technology of structural analysis of complex carbonhydrate, etc. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems (R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems); 2000 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (chiteki kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the R and D project for development of intellectual materials and structural systems, where the fibrous or leafy sensor material or element (muscle) is integrated with a structure of an advanced material (skeleton) to process and control information (brain). The program for development of the health monitoring technologies successfully improves the fine FRG (Fiber Bragg Grating) as the high-performance sensor, equipped with a connector which allows the sensor to be easily connected to the normal diameter one, and develops various prototype sensors. The program for self-diagnosis of structural soundness and controlling damages verifies detection effectiveness of the embedded fine FRG sensor. The impact-related characteristics and damages of the reinforced flat plate are detected by embedding the optical fiber sensor. The program for developing the actuator materials and elements prepares the 20{mu}m thick piezoelectric sheet of adequate strength and toughness by dispersing the PNN-PZT system with partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ). The program for the function-gradient systems prepares the FGM driven at normal temperature, characterized by its structure of more evenly distributed stress, to evaluate its characteristics. It is proved to have high durability. The results of the comprehensive survey are also described. (NEDO)

Industrial science and technology research and development project of university cooperative type in fiscal 2000. Report on achievements in semiconductor device manufacturing processes using Cat-CVD method (Semiconductor device manufacturing processes using Cat-CVD method); 2000 nendo daigaku renkeigata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu project. Cat-CVD ho ni yoru handotai device seizo process seika hokokusho (Cat-CVD ho ni yoru handotai device seizo process)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD) method is a low-temperature thin film depositing technology that can achieve improvement in quality of semiconductor thin films and can perform inexpensive film deposition in a large area. The present project is composed of the basic research and development theme and the demonstrative research and development theme for the Cat-CVD method. This report summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000 centering on the former theme. Discussions were given on the following five areas: 1) simulation on film thickness distribution in the Cat-CVD method, 2) life extension by preventing the catalyst converting into silicide and development of a catalyst integrated shear head, 3) vapor diagnosis in the film forming process by the Cat-CVD method using silane, hydrogen and ammonia, 4) a technology for high-speed deposition of hydrogenated amorphous silicon films for solar cells using the Cat-CVD method, and the low-temperature silicon oxide nitriding technology using heated catalysts, and 5) discussions on compatibility of transparent oxide electrode materials to the process of manufacturing thin-film silicon-based solar cells by using the Cat-CVD method. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems (R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems); 1999 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the R and D project for development of intellectual materials and structural systems, where the fibrous or leafy sensor material or element (muscle) is integrated with a structure of an advanced material (skeleton) to process and control information (brain). The program for development of the health monitoring technologies develops the fine optical fiber (diameter: 40{mu}m), which is on a level with the conventional 125{mu}m-diameter fiber in strength and fatigue characteristics, for the high-performance sensor systems. The self-diagnosis of soundness, e.g., detection of impact loads and damages, is attempted using the fine optical fibers embedded in the composite structures. The program for active-adaptive control of smart structures investigates control of vibration and noise for beam structure elements, using the theoretical model developed for shape memory alloys. The vibration tests are conducted, where a distribution type sensor is used for active-adaptive control of soft structures, and the good results are produced. The program for development of actuator materials and elements produces high-strength, high-toughness PZT and PNN-PZT sheets of uniformly distributed thickness by the doctor blade method. (NEDO).

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of silicon-based polymeric materials (development of liquid methane fueled aircraft engine); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo / Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (methane nenryo kokukiyo engine kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This R and D aims at establishing the basic technology on the molecular design, synthesis, use as materials, and evaluation of silicon-based polymers, of which excellent electronic/optical functions, high heat-resistance/combustion-resistance/dynamic characteristic are expected. The paper introduced the results of the fiscal 1997 R and D of them. The themes are as follows: technology of synthesis of silicon-based polymeric materials with sea-island microstructures, interstitial type structure forming technology, composite materials with organometallic complexes and silicon-based polymers, silicon-based polymer structural materials with ring structures, optimization of the Wurtz`s synthesis method of silicon-based polymers, unsaturated and hypercoordinate organosilicic compounds, function of silicon-based polymers, synthesis and polymerization of new silicon-based monomers, development of a new synthesis method of polysilane and the function, development of new application of silicon-based polymers in imaging devices for recording/memory/display of information, molecular design of {pi}-conjugate and {sigma}-conjugate compounds including silicon, and conformation and electronic state of silicon-based polymeric materials. 186 refs., 141 figs., 68 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the superconducting material and device (technical development of the Josephson device hybrid system); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Chodendo zairyo chodendo soshi no kenkyu kaihatsu (Josephson soshi hybrid system no gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

In order to establish basic technology for hybrid systems of superconducting and semiconducting devices, study was made on ultrahigh speed and low energy consumption properties of Josephson devices. As Josephson IC technology, a logical circuit, ring network, memory circuit, and oxide superconductor logical circuit were studied. As superconducting hybrid system technology, a Josephson device- semiconductor device interface, formation technology of signal transmission lines, and Josephson-MOS IC technology were developed. In fiscal 1997, as Josephson IC technology, switch motion of 4GHz in clock frequency was achieved by new high-density wiring process. Integration of some semiconducting processor elements, junction of surface- stabilized superconducting thin films, and motion of combination structure of some SQUIDs were also confirmed. On the hybrid system, voltage conversion operation of all interfaces was confirmed. Proper logical operation of the Josephson device hybrid circuit was also confirmed. 95 refs., 90 figs., 5 tabs.

Public subscription project for international joint research proposals in fiscal 2000 - public subscription of international proposal (Substitution No.2). Report on achievements in developing technologies to produce oil-alternative energies from fibrous material based biomass and industrial wastes; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (daitai No.2). Sen'ishitsukei biomass oyobi sangyo haikibutsu kara no sekiyu daitai energy seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

Development has been advanced on technologies to manufacture methanol efficiently by combining a technology to convert selectively fibrous material based biomass into sugar under high concentration sulfuric acid condition with the immobilized enzyme flash fermentation process, both being developed in the United States. Activities have been taken in the following three fields: 1) establishment of an optimal biomass treatment condition by using concentrated sulfuric acid, 2) chromatographic separation of sugar and sulfuric acid, and 3) discussions on conditions to apply the immobilized enzyme flash fermentation process. In Item 1), discussions were given, using rice straw and waste woods as the object, on effects of biomass particle size, sulfuric acid to biomass feeding ratio, sulfuric acid concentration, reaction temperature and time on the cellulose to hemicellulose reaction ratio and the sugar conversion factor, whereas it was revealed that the governing factors are the biomass/sulfuric acid contact area and the reaction temperature. In Item 2), a chromatographic device filled with anion ion exchange resin was used to set the sugar recovery rate of 100% and the sulfuric acid recovery rate of 93%. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the application technology of functional protein complex (R and D of the high-functional maintenance technology for power plants); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kinosei tanpakushitsu shugotai oyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino maintenance gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

In order to develop advanced maintenance technology for power generation facilities, application technology of functional protein complexes is under investigation. On a light controllable enzymatic reaction system, construction of a light controllable bio-reactor by physico-chemical and bio- chemical techniques, and structure and functions of a photosynthetic protein complex using thermophilic cyanobacteria as material are under investigation. On a molecular mechanism for recognition and reaction of receptor proteins, structure analysis and engineering application of glutamate receptor channels of a synaptic transmission system, and basic study and material proteins for artificial structures using endocytic micromachinery, and a multi-enzyme system for synthesis of glycosphingolipids are under investigation. On a complex oxidation/reduction system by genetic engineering technique, construction of a high- efficiency stable system with functionally arranged oxidoreductase and electron transmission systems in biomembranes is in promotion. Research work was also made on molecular assemblies for a functional protein system. 166 refs., 91 figs., 9 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R an D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (high-efficiency and analysis and manipulation technology for DNA); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (DNA nado kokoritsu kaiseki sosa gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). Through the observation of super spiral DNA fixed on a spermin or spermidine treated mica substrate by AFM (atomic force microscope), fixation of DNA without any deformation in solution was clarified, and visualization of the spiral structure of DNA were successfully achieved. Manipulation of Xe atoms adsorbed on an Si(111) surface was certainly possible by using STM (scanning tunneling microscope)/atom probe equipment. A nucleation mechanism in crystal growth was studied for various organic source-molecules/GaAs(001) surface systems, and formation of high-density nuclei on the GaAs surface was achieved by accelerating the translational energy of Ga material molecules up to 6eV or more. Ziegler- Natta catalysis important for industrial polymerization of olefin molecules was precisely analyzed by first-principle dynamic simulation. A large-scale simulation of zeolite catalyst is also in promotion for methanol to gasoline conversion. 51 refs., 87 figs., 7 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the R and D project consignment from NEDO on industrial science and technology. R and D on total base technology for marine resources (Mn nodules mining system) (total system (experimental plan)); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kaiyo shigen sogo kiban gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (mangan dankai saiko system) seika hokokusho (total system (jikken keikaku) hen)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

Study was made on the design of experiments for confirming the technological and economical feasibility of commercial production of Mn nodules. An experimental sea area was selected considering Mn nodule characteristics such as concentration, continuity of nodule distribution and nodule size, and sea bottom topographic features such as flatness and exposed bed rock disturbing traveling of nodule collectors. The experimental plan was decided on the basis of the survey and study on an experimental scale, various requirements, weather and sea weather features of the sea area, and sea bottom conditions. Based on the experimental plan, various verification tests and simulation analyses were carried out, and functions of various equipment were confirmed. The conceptual design of a mining system assumed both pump-lift and air-lift systems, and yearly production rates of 2 and 3 million tons by 2 mining barges, and summarized main points of every system. As the evaluation result, the future direction of commercial production of Mn nodules was clarified to a certain extent. 5 figs., 21 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for effective use of saturated hydrocarbon, technology for reducing excess of aromatic hydrocarbon, high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke); 1996 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (howa tanka suiso no yuko riyo gijutsu, hokozoku tanka suiso no yojo taisaku gijutsu, sekiyu cokes no kodo shori gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1997-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: (1) technology for effective use of saturated hydrocarbon, (2) technology for reducing excess of aromatic hydrocarbon, (3) high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke. In (1), surveys were conducted of technologies of effective use of natural gas and effective use of C4 saturated hydrocarbon. Surveyed were a method for producing synthesis gas from natural gas, a technology to liquefy natural gas into fuel following the synthesis gas production process, a technology to liquefy natural gas into fuel without the synthesis gas production process, and the trend of effective use of C4 saturated hydrocarbon. In (2), surveys were made of process to reduce production of aromatic hydrocarbon as much as possible, process to effectively separate aromatic hydrocarbon, and process to convert excess aromatic hydrocarbon into polymer, etc. In (3), surveys were conducted on petroleum coke and pitch in terms of production methods, the supply/demand situation, property characteristics, usability to new fields, etc. 170 refs., 114 figs., 65 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the technology of accelerated formation of bio-functions (R and D of the technology of creation of novel advanced enzymes); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kasokugata seibutsu kino kochiku gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shingata kokino koso sosei gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D on creation technique of novel advanced enzymes. In fiscal 1997, a novel mutagenesis technique was developed to obtain more kinds of mutational genes by shuffling between clonal genes as compared with the previous homogeneous recombination. A genotype- and phenotype-linking technology was developed by expressing random motifs (peptide as components of the active site of protein) on bacteria, and by developing a single-motif protein library. Study was made on a selection system for functional molecules of catalytic activities in a gene level, and a selection system for function of signal transduction. Analysis and evaluation study on vitro experimental technology can be efficiently promoted by recognizing the fitness landscape of target protein molecules. As a result, instead of the conventional method which needs several cycles of mutation and screening of 3-4 week/cycle, an efficient method possible to obtain multiple mutants was established. Research work was also promoted by various organizations to develop an accelerated formation technology of bio-functions. 68 refs., 51 figs., 14 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the project for measures for rationalization of the international energy utilization - the model project for the heightening of efficiency of the international energy consumption. 2/2. Model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing exhaust gases from chemical plant, etc.; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shohi koritsuka tou moderu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kagaku kojo fukusei haigasu tou yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo (2/2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the reduction in the energy consumption in China and the stable energy supply in Japan by heightening efficiency of the energy utilization in the petrochemical industry which is an industry of much energy consumption in China, a model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing gases from chemical plant, etc. was carried out, and the FY 2000 results were reported. Concretely, the combustion incinerator and combustion exhaust gas recovery facilities for waste water and gas were to be installed at acrylonitrile plant of petrochemical plant in China to recover the combustion exhaust gas as process gas used in plant for effective utilization. In this fiscal year, the detailed design and supply of electric instrumentation equipment and manufacture of boiler facilities were carried out according to the basic design made in the previous fiscal year. Further, the equipment manufactured in the previous year and this fiscal year were transported and inspected. The paper also reviewed drawings of the design of the facilities for part of which China takes responsibility. The separate volume (2/2) included drawings of valve, fire detector, orifice, thermocouple, motor control equipment, etc. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project for measures for rationalization of the international energy utilization - the model project for the heightening of efficiency of the international energy consumption. 1/2. Model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing exhaust gases from chemical plant, etc.; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shohi koritsuka tou moderu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kagaku kojo fukusei haigasu tou yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo (1/2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the reduction in the energy consumption in China and the stable energy supply in Japan by heightening efficiency of the energy utilization in the petrochemical industry which is an industry of much energy consumption in China, a model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing gases from chemical plant, etc. was carried out, and the FY 2000 results were reported. Concretely, the combustion incinerator and combustion exhaust gas recovery facilities for waste water and gas were to be installed at acrylonitrile plant of petrochemical plant in China to recover the combustion exhaust gas as process gas used in plant for effective utilization. The plant at installation site has been run since 1995, having a production capacity of 50,000-60,000 tons. In this fiscal year, the detailed design and supply of electric instrumentation equipment and manufacture of boiler facilities were carried out according to the basic design made in the previous fiscal year. Further, the equipment manufactured in the previous year and this fiscal year were transported and inspected. The paper also reviewed drawings of the design of the facilities for part of which China takes responsibility. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of new software structuring models (R and D of micromachine cooperative control use software); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Shin software kozoka model no kenkyu kaihatsu (bisho kikai kyocho seigyoyo software no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A R and D was conducted of software structuring models which ease the development and maintenance of software systems and meet diversification of needs. As for the study of the cooperative control use programming language, a R and D of agent oriented language Flage was carried out for expansion of language function, arrangement of network function, development of exercises, etc. As to the formulation of agent knowledge, proposed were processes to make a program from the specifications, and EVA, a mechanism in response to changes in the specifications of existing programs. In relation to the basic theory of cooperation system, a study was made mainly of object oriented attribute grammar OOAG as a model representing cooperative computation in software process as a rule group. Concerning the study of the situation recognition mechanism, researched were models of communication and reasoning among agents in cooperation. 187 refs., 107 figs., 23 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the project supplementary to the New Sunshine Project - Feasibility of coal hydrogasification technology in China. Investigational study of the social adaptability (Feasibility study of the international cooperation - Report of Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry); 1999 nendo New Sunshine keikaku hojo jigyo (Bessatsu, Kokusai kyoryoku kanosei chosa Pekin Bai kagaku kenkyujo) hokokusho. Sekitan suiso tenka gaska gijutsu kaihatsu - Shakai tekigo sei ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2000-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the coal hydrogasification technology which has a possibility of producing high-quality substitute natural gas in quantity and at low cost, an investigational study of the social adaptability was made. In this fiscal year, the following were carried out: outlook of energy supply/demand in China and the problems, natural gas resource and the plan for the use, actual state of the town gas business and the future plan, etc. As a part of the study, Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry, China Coal Research Institute, made a survey under the research contract. As to the general situation of natural gas in China, report was made on the following: present situation of the development of natural gas resource in China, present situation of town gas in large cities of China, present situation and outlook of coal development and utilization in China, assessment of the coal mine area adaptable to coal hydrogasification, etc. In the survey of the area suitable for coal hydrogasification, report was made on the present situation and future of energy supply/demand in Shanghai, Shanxi, Shenfua and Xinjiang, present situation and future of town gas supply, etc. Survey/report were also made on the coal hydrogasification technology and the applicability. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (R and D of the formation of advanced materials for power generation environment); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (hatsuden kankyoyo kokino sozai keisei gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). Ten nanoscale Ge islands were successfully formed in proper positions on an Si substrate surface by using mask technology of nanoscale atomic layers. Growth of less-defect ZnSe films on a GaAs(110) surface was possible under various conditions. The magnetic transfer mechanism of Mn oxide with huge reluctance was clarified. Through study on selective-area deposition of Si on plasma-oxidized ultrathin SiO2 mask layers patterned by direct electron-beam exposure and an idea of SiO2/SiNx bilayer mask, direct use of the ultrathin mask layer as insulating layer in device structure was achieved. The superior property as electron beam resist of methano- fullerene composed of fullerene C60 with side chains including oxygen was clarified. The initial oxidation process of an Si(100) surface was analyzed, and the observation result by SREM was theoretically explained. Development of a high-resolution spin polarization electron microscope was also mentioned. 48 refs., 145 figs., 20 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 result of the R and D project of industrial science and technology under consignment from NEDO. R and D of creation technology of original advanced materials (R and D of creation technology of original advanced materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo (Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku). Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of creation technology of original advanced materials in the R and D project of industrial science and technology. Although new material technology is dependent on the needs of a future society, it should correspond to a global environment preservation society, information-oriented society and aging society as observed based on the present social trend, and new materials superior in hot strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, decomposability, photo-function, magnetism, conductivity, bio-copying and adaptability are demanded. This project is in promotion since fiscal 1996 to develop formation technology of high-performance advanced new materials by precise molecular control of structure and production process of organic polymers and molecular assemblies. The research started on 4 themes such as advanced stimulus-response material, precision catalytic polymerization, condensed system structure control and multi-dimensional polymer structure. The research on molecule harmonizing material was added in fiscal 1997. In fiscal 1997, the general committee discussed a progress situation and next year research plan, and surveyed an overseas technology trend. 1 fig.

FY 2000 report on the results of the project supplementary to the New Sunshine Project - Feasibility of coal hydrogasification technology in China. II - Final report. Investigational study of the social adaptability (Feasibility study of the international cooperation - Report of Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry); 2000 nendo New Sunshine keikaku hojo jigyo (Bessatsu kokusai kyoryoku kanosei chosa Pekin Bai kagaku kenkyujo) hokokusho. Sekitan suiso tenka gaska gijutsu kaihatsu - Shakai tekigo sei ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the coal hydrogasification technology which has a possibility of producing high-quality substitute natural gas in quantity and at low cost, an investigational study of the social adaptability was made. In this fiscal year, the following were carried out: natural gas resource and the plan for the use in China, actual state of the town gas business and the future plan, etc. As a part of the study, Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry, China Coal Research Institute, made a survey under the research contract. As a result of the survey, the following was found out: In Xinjiang and Urumchi, Uigur Autonomous Region, there is an abundant coal resource that is suitable for coal hydrogasification, the transportation pipeline of natural gas had been constructed, and public facilities are prepared, and therefore, both cities are suitable for the construction of coal hydrogasification plant. Datong, Shanxi Province, is a largest city of coal production, enables the long-term coal supply for coal hydrogasification, and has a plan for remodeling of old facilities and construction of new facilities for the introduction of natural gas, and therefore, the city is suitable for the construction of coal hydrogasification plant. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of technologies to invent original high-functional materials (technical development of materials to heighten efficiency of power generation facilities); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden shisetsuyo koseinoka zairyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

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1998-03-01

The paper described the fiscal 1997 results of the study of the condensation base precise structure control conducted as a technical development of materials to heighten efficiency of power generation facilities. Condensation base polymer is an important material which occupies most of the engineering plastics. The study is aimed at developing basic technologies on the molecular weight and regularity by which a remarkable improvement can be expected in performance of condensation polymerization/ring-opening polymerization polymer materials, polymerization catalyst which arbitarily controls the primary structure such as branch and end group structures, and development of the precision polymerization process. In the synthesis of ordered polymer by direct polycondensation, synthesis of ordered polyamide from asymmetric monomers is studied. In the synthesis of chemically selective polyamide by direct polymerization, polyamide with functional group is synthesized by polymerizing without protecting functional group the monomer with such functional group as causes side reaction in polymerization. In the synthesis of polyamide having the limited distribution of molecular weight, the molecular weight/distribution of polyamide are controlled by connectedly conducting polycondensation which is itself to be done successively. 91 refs., 72 figs., 43 tabs.

Report on research results of the FY 2000 medical/engineering cooperative research project. Fundamental research on microelectrode-aided gene information measurement system (Research and development of gene diagnostic system using superhigh-sensitivity microelectrode DNA chip ECA - electrochemical array); 2000 nendo igaku kogaku renkeigata kenkyu jigyo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Bisho denkyoku riyo idenshi joho keisoku system ni kansuru kiban kenkyu (chokokandogata bisho denkyoku DNA chip ECA (denki kagaku allay) wo mochiita idenshi shindan system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

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2001-03-01

The fundamental research is conducted for developing the microelectrode on which a synthetic oligonucletide probe is immobilized, and for establishing the system capable of detecting the hybrid formation simply and quickly, in order to develop the advanced DNA chips for diagnosis. The project results include development of the prototype array electrode with 25 1mm-diameter gold electrodes uniformly arranged at intervals of 4.5mm; development of the electrochemical activity analyzer for multi-electrode systems, showing the performance almost on a level with that of the existing electrochemical analyzer for the single-electrode systems; establishment of the gene databases; development of the method which can produce a sufficient quantity of nucleic acid for DNA chip analysis by studying the method of preparing the nucleic acid from the blood serum, preparing RNA from a trace quantity of the living liver sample and amplifying the genes, wherein the nucleic acid is produced while its profile before the amplification is kept intact; and establishment of the method for detecting the hepatitis B virus by combining the electrochemical detection of DNA by a non-immobilized probe with the PCR method. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the international research cooperation project for a feasibility survey for finding out seeds of the international joint research. Effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon (technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon/technology of high grade treatment of petroleum coke); 1997 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo (kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa). Howa tanka suiso no yuko riyo gijutsu / hokozoku tanka suiso no yojo taisaku gijutsu / sekiyu cokes no kodo shori gijutsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of the effective international research cooperation, the paper surveyed in fiscal 1997 the effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon, technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon and technology of high grade treatment of petroleum coke. In the survey of the effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon, trends of FT synthesis technology and DME synthesis technology were studied as trends of technology to produce synthetic gas, and a project was proposed for technical development of using natural gas as liquid fuel in Japan. In the survey of technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon, studied were the benzene law regulation and the supply/demand trend of aromatic hydrocarbon, process to reduce production of aromatic hydrocarbon as much as possible, process to reduce aromatics of the produced petroleum products, and process to effectively use aromatic hydrocarbon as chemical raw material. In the survey of high grade treatment of petroleum coke, studied were a possibility of using HS petroleum coke in the DIOS method, iron bath gasification, and copper bath gasification technology. 108 refs., 146 figs., 103 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment form NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of technologies to invent original high-functional materials (technical development of structure control materials / R and D of molecular harmonized materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (kozo seigyo zairyo gijutsu kaihatsu) bunshi kyocho zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

By establishing microtechnology using molecular-level bottoming-up (molecular harmonization) by imitating the system of living organism, the paper described the R and D of molecular harmonized materials aiming at developing high-functional/high-performance materials such as high-performance catalyst, photo-information functional materials and sensing materials. Under consignment from NEDO, Japan Chemical innovation Institute started the 5-year plan in fiscal 1997. Self-assembled molecular films, in which organic molecules are orderly arranged by self-assembly, aim at developing new memory/optical/sensing materials. Mesophase materials which are such materials as liquid crystal showing the intermediate state between solid and liquid, develop optical/photoconductive materials using precise molecular orientation controllability. Macroporous materials are such substances as zeolite having molecular size micro pores. The paper aims at establishment of synthesis techniques of them and development of high-performance catalyst, etc. using them. In the comprehensive investigational research, conducted was a survey of the trend overseas in addition to a study of subjects in question. Further, the supporting basic study was reconsigned to universities, etc. 57 refs., 62 figs., 17 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of technologies to invent original high-functional materials (technical development of structure control materials / R and D of multi-stimuli-responsive materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (kozo seigyo zairyo gijutsu kaihatsu) kodo shigeki oto zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper described multi-stimuli-responsive materials out of the technology developments for creating original high-functional materials under the system of R and D of industrial scientific technologies. These are materials which repeatedly reproduce functions such as separation, penetration and movement in response to stimuli by imitating living organisms. In relation to polymer multi-stimuli-responsive materials, various copolymers were synthesized using N-acetyl (meta) acrylamide, of which the synthesis method was established in the previous fiscal year, as a main component, and thermal responsive polymer with upper critical solution temperature which becomes a base of separation functional materials was searched for. By immobilizing it with molecular recognition ligand, measured was thermal dependence of affinity of the immobilized matter to albumin. Also studied were molecular recognition cell adhesion/separation functional materials. Concerning composite multi-stimuli-responsive materials, with the use of silica microcapsule surface-immobilized with silane coupling agent, studied were the optimum conditions for immobilizing thermo-responsive polymer to the surface of the capsule. Using motion functional materials by ion exchange resin, obtained was motion functionality which is satisfactory at the state of practical use. 94 refs., 82 figs., 16 tabs.

Industrial and scientific technology research and development project fiscal 1997 commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization. Report on research and development of a brain type computer architecture `trial fabrication and high-level evaluation on chips for a large-scale artificial neural system` and on results of evaluation studies on the chips; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Nogata computer architecture no kenkyu kaihatsu `daikibo jinko shinkei kairo system yo chip no shisaku to kodo hyoka` chip hyoka kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In order to develop a brain type computer architecture, a brain mimic processor (BMP) has been developed (which was made in LSI in fiscal 1997), and studies are being made on developing its applications. Development has been made on an element in which linkage of one million cells with one thousand neural cells can be realized. Evaluation substrates mounted with the BMP, control software, and compilers were provided to 15 organizations including the National Research Institutes, universities, corporations, and other societies (for 19 themes) to evaluate capability of the LSI and its application development. All of the research organizations are using these items utilizing features of the LSI or the network for such purposes as learning, storage, recognition and control. The applicable theme may include infrared spectrum pattern recognition and domain division of document images using neural network functions. It can also include structural analysis of mass spectrum molecules, time series pattern recognition, location of corresponding points in images, estimation of moving images, satellite control, character recognition, short time storage, long-term association memory models, and invention process studies, all utilizing the functions of the BMP. 71 refs., 89 figs., 9 tabs.