Alternative Entrepreneurship in Thailand: Weavers and the Northeastern Handicraft and Women's Development Network.

Science.gov (United States)

Jongeward, Carolyn

2001-01-01

The crafts sector is a significant arena of rural nonfarm employment in Thailand. A handicrafts network focused on women's development helps rural women weavers not only with enterprise development and marketing but also environmental and health issues for appropriate and sustainable development. (SK)

LINGUA-SEMIOTICS OF POWER RITUAL

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Astafurova Tatyana Nikolaevna

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The article deals with lingua-semiotic representation of the power ritual as one of the symbolic forms of behavior that over time ceases to be spontaneous and becomes regular and repeated. Under discussion is the rite of coronation, which was becoming more complicated and acquired a final form throughout the history of Anglo-Saxon statehood. The process of defining parameters and characteristics of the power ritual is performed by chrono-, topo-, sound and language components of the ritual; it is established that in ritual communication the verbalization of the event is gradually becoming more complicated, clarifying its linguistic component, which largely ensures the success of the ritual; the non-verbal signs acquire additional meaning becoming dominant over simplified verbal signs. It is proved that within the ritual space of the Anglo-Saxon statehood an extensive and rigidly fixed system of signs and symbols has been formed, nominating the process of interaction between the sovereign and his subjects – three groups of signs characterizing the Anglo-Saxon power ritual communication: regulating, processing and classifying signs. Their content distinction is analyzed. Authority widely applies these signs as tools to influence the society through social stereotypes and ethnic psychological associations. Artifacts, as symbols of state power, and oaths, as discursive element of the coronation, are stated as the central elements of the ritual.

Analysis of the Role of Handicraft Production in Rural Sustainable Development: A Case of Sar Aqa Seyyed, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari

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Javad Divandari

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Prioritizing the Rural development is one of the fundamental concerns of the Islamic Republic of Iran that is not achieved only through the agriculture development in villages of Iran, since weakness of agricultural foundations affect the unstable ecological conditions including the shortage of agricultural fields and the lack of the increase in number of land plots under cultivation, and cannot provide the proper social and economic indices for rural development. Experiences of successful countries in the rural development show the importance of the village industrialization in creating the job opportunities and preventing the rural migration to the cities. Theory of development and industrialization of rural areas is a factor affecting the economic and social development process and may be considered as the last solution for solving the problem of poverty in the rural areas as we see its success in China through this paper. Therefore, this paper examines the role of the handicraft production in sustainable development in the Sar Aqa Seyyed village. A number of handicrafts including carpet weaving as the main handicrafts of Sar Aqa Seyyed village are still flourishing. Handicraft production and development in this village not only creates employment opportunities and income, but also can play a major role in sustainable development and the village independence.

Using Rituals to Strengthen Your Medical Practice Team.

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Hills, Laura

2015-01-01

Rituals can cement the identity of and strengthen the bonds between any people, including the members of the medical practice team. This article presents the idea that the medical practice manager is in the ideal position to create and use rituals for team building. It defines the term ritual, and explores how rituals differ from customs or traditions. As well, it describes six benefits of rituals and the hallmarks of the most effective team rituals; describes seven creative and interesting corporate rituals that medical practice managers can study for inspiration; suggests 20 excellent opportunities within the medical practice calendar year for medical practice team rituals; and identifies six kinds of rituals that are used in organizations. Finally, this article provides a four-step action plan for ritualizing your medical practice team's morning huddles.

Paruman Tapakan Barong dalam Ritual Tapak Pertiwi

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I Wayan Dana

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Paruman Tapakan Barong on Tapak Pertiwi Ritual. Ritual tapak pertiwi siklus pelaksanaan ritual tahunandalam perhitungan kalender Bali, diselenggarakan terpusat dalam Paruman Tapakan Barong di Pura Natar SariApuan. Pelaksanaan ritual ini dihadiri oleh berbagai bentuk tapakan barong yang datang dari berbagai daerah sewilayah Bali Tengah yang memperoleh kekuatan pasupati di Pura Natar Sari Apuan. Aktivitas ritual ini bermaknamenyatunya kekuatan dewa sebagai simbol (purusa dengan dewi pertiwi simbol (pradana. Pertemuan keduaunsur kekuatan suci itu melahirkan gerak kehidupan, menyucikan alam semesta dari segala pengaruh negatif yangmengancam hidup dan kehidupan umat manusia di alam semesta ini. Oleh karena itu, masyarakat Hindu di Balimenghadirkan berbagai bentuk ritual keagamaan untuk menghormati menyatunya energi alam positif dan negatifdalam beragam wujud, termasuk ritual tapak pertiwi.

Ritual Infrastructure

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sjørslev, Inger

2017-01-01

within urban life. There is a certain parallel between these different locations and the difference in ritual roads to certainty in the two religions. The article draws out connections between different levels of infrastructure – material, spatial and ritual. The comparison between the two religions......This article compares the ways in which two different religions in Brazil generate roads to certainty through objectification, one through gods, the other through banknotes. The Afro-Brazilian religion Candomblé provides a road to certainty based on cosmological ideas about gods whose presence...

Comparative study between Federer and Gomez method for number of replication in complete randomized design using simulation: study of Areca Palm (Areca catechu) as organic waste for producing handicraft paper

Science.gov (United States)

Ihwah, A.; Deoranto, P.; Wijana, S.; Dewi, I. A.

2018-03-01

The part of Areca Palm (Areca catechu) that economical is the seed. It is commercially available in dried, cured and fresh forms, while the fibre is usually thrown away. Cellulose fibers from agricultural waste can be utilized as raw material for handicraft paper. Laboratory research showed that Areca palm fibre contained 70.2% of cellulose, 10.92% of water, and 6.02% of ash. This indicated that Areca palm fibre is very potential to be processed as handicraft paper. Handicraft paper is made of wastepaper or plants which cointain celluloce to produce rough-textured paper. In order to obtain preferred sensory quality of handicraft paper such as color, fiber appearance and texture as well as good physical quantity such as tensile strength, tear resistance and grammage, the addition of wastepaper to provide secondary fibre and sometimes adhesive are needed in making handicraft paper. Handicraft paper making was one alternative to treat the solid waste and to reduce the use of wood fiber as paper raw material. The aim of this study is to compare the two most famous method, i.e. Federer and Gomez Method, for calculate the number of replications. This study is preliminary research before do the research in order to get the best treatment to produce handicraft paper. The Gomez method calculates fewer replications than the Federer method. Based on data simulation the error generated using 3 replicates of 0.0876 while using 2 replicates of 0.1032.

The differential diagnosis of ritual abuse allegations.

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Bernet, W; Chang, D K

1997-01-01

Because psychiatrists do not have a consistent way to classify and define the forms of child abuse that may be mistaken for ritual abuse, the objective of this paper is to create a comprehensive differential diagnosis of allegations of ritual abuse. The authors reviewed 60 articles, chapters, and books that contained allegations of ritual abuse or behaviors that might be mistaken for ritual abuse, that were made by patients or caretakers. This paper clarifies the behaviors that represent or may be mistaken for ritual abuse: Cult-based ritual abuse, pseudoritualistic abuse, activities by organized satanic groups, repetitive psychopathological abuse, sexual abuse by pedophiles, child pornography portraying ritual abuse, distorted memory, false memory, false report due to a severe mental disorder, pseudologia phantastica, adolescent behavior simulating ritual abuse, epidemic hysteria, deliberate lying, and hoaxes. The differential diagnosis of allegations of ritual abuse is important in both clinical and forensic psychiatry. In some cases, it will not be possible to tell whether a particular allegation is factual or what the underlying mental processes are. It is important to separate the role of the mental health professional as therapist from the role as an expert witness in court.

Ritual as a source of conflict

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Langer, R.; Quartier, T.; Simon, U.; Snoek, J.; Wiegers, G.; Grimes, R.L.; Hüsken, U.; Simon, U.; Venbrux, E.

2011-01-01

This chapter assembles four cases and asks: under what conditions do publicly mediatized rituals and ritualized practices become a source of conflict? In the first case, the authors show that when Freemasons, using pamphlets as their medium, exposed imprecations in a ritual oath, conflict emerged,

Ritualizing and Materializing Citizenship

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Damsholt, Tine

2009-01-01

  This paper focuses on the possible transformation of the self in citizenship ceremonies in Western countries. It is argued that the transformation in these life defining moments is not only a question of ritual objectification or intentionality. The rituals are often experienced as emotional...

Ritual de casamento e planejamento do primeiro filho Wedding ritual and first-child planning

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Rita de Cássia Sobreira Lopes

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo investigou a existência ou não de ritual de casamento e sua relação com o planejamento do primeiro filho. Participaram quarenta e sete casais que esperavam seu primeiro filho, entrevistados conjuntamente no último trimestre da gravidez. Os resultados, analisados através de análise de conteúdo, mostraram que a maior parte dos casais (53% relatou ter tido ritual de casamento e ter planejado a primeira gravidez, enquanto 25% dos casais não relataram nenhuma das duas situações. Desta maneira, constatou-se uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a presença de ritual de casamento e o planejamento da gravidez do primeiro filho. Os resultados apóiam a expectativa inicial de que o modo como ocorre a transição para o casamento desempenha um papel importante no planejamento da primeira gravidez. O ritual de casamento claramente demarca o início de um novo núcleo familiar, a passagem para a adultez e a potencial transição para a parentalidade.This study investigated the existence of a marriage ritual and the planning of a first-child. Forty-seven couples, who were expecting their first child were interviewed jointly in the last trimester of pregnancy. The results, obtained from content analysis, showed that most couples (53% reported that they had had a marriage ritual and that they had planned the first pregnancy, while 25% of the couples did not report any of the two situations. Therefore a statistically significant association was found between the presence of a marriage ritual and the first-child planning. The results gave support to the initial expectation that the way the transition to marriage takes place, has an important role in the first-child planning. Marriage rituals clearly demarcate the beginning of a new family, the transition to adulthood and the potential transition to parenthood.

Creative ritual in a hospice.

Science.gov (United States)

Roche, J

1994-12-01

St. Peter's Hospice, Albany, NY, is dedicated to meeting the emotional needs of patients, families, and staff. Creative ritual, hospice leaders have found, is a powerful tool that can: Provide an "arena" for healing, affirmation, reconciliation, and celebration Serve as a reminder of the sacred Evoke heartfelt emotion Effect renewal and inspiration Offer an opportunity to cleanse the soul of grief, anger, frustration, or guilt Provide tangible experiences of bonding and interdependence Prevent staff burnout St. Peter's staff show a good deal of imagination and variety in creating rituals. Possible themes include patients' birthdays or wedding anniversaries, religious celebrations, national holidays, and changes of seasons. A lighted candle, bouquet of flowers, or incense burner may be used to give the ritual a focus. Music is often played to help set the tone. Rituals involve a major shift in consciousness. They often allow participants to express feelings it would otherwise be difficult for them to put into words. At St. Peter's, participants may begin to communicate by sharing favorite prayers, poems, photos, or works of art. Or they may make music--the hospice provides the instruments--or pass around a Native American "talking stick." Such methods facilitate the bonding of patients and their families. Particularly important are those rituals which allow patients and estranged family members to reconcile. Others enable patients to acknowledge God-given gifts. Still other rituals are held for staff members, who thereby deal with the anger and sadness their work inevitably brings. For all at St. Peter's Hospice ritual is a source of healing, affirmation, renewal, inspiration, and grace.

Shop Class for the Next Millenium: Education through Computer-Enriched Handicrafts

OpenAIRE

Eisenberg, Mike; Eisenberg, Ann Nishioka

1998-01-01

In this paper we use our experiences with the HyperGami program as a springboard for a broader look at the future of computationally-enriched handicrafts. HyperGami is an educational application for the design and construction of mathematical models and sculptures in paper; as such, it serves as a source of examples and insights for the more general problem of how to integrate the "high-tech" features of computation with the "low-tech" features of traditional craft materials in education. We ...

The question of ritual: a cognitive approach

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Jesper Sørensen

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Why does ritual continue to be an issue in religious studies and in anthropology? In this paper the author proposes a cognitive approach to rituals, focusing those aspects of rituals that are distinct from other types of actions, together with what cognitive responses these differences provoke. It will be argued that rituals violate basic causal assumptions and by doing so, trigger off cognitive processes in order to ascribe purpose and meaning to the action. In conclusion, this will be related to findings in ethology and evolutionary theory, arguing that ritual as a behavioural category plays an important role in the formation of symbolic thinking.

Ritual, Imitation and Education in R. S. Peters

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Warnick, Bryan R.

2009-01-01

This article reconstructs R. S. Peters' underlying theory of ritual in education, highlighting his proposed link between ritual and the imitation of teachers. Rituals set the stage for the imitation of teachers and they invite students to experience practices whose value is not easily discernable from the outside. For Peters, rituals facilitate…

The ritual of baptism as status-transformation

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Pieter van Staden

2001-12-01

Full Text Available The ritual of baptism as status-transformation. Rituals are social mechanisms that have the very important function of effecting transitions in social and/or religious roles and status. Such transitions can be both internal and external in nature. Rituals should be differentiated from ceremonies. The latter function to confirm the roles and issues of status in the institutions of family, politics, education, religion, and economics. Ritual is the mechanism by which role and status are changed in a valid way in order to ensure spiritual growth and strengthen the bond with the church. The purpose of the article is to comment on the apparent loss of experiential meaning associated with the ritual of baptism in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, but probably also in most protestant churches that practice the ritual of infant baptism. The thesis is that infant baptism functions like a ceremony rather than a ritual the infant, not present at its own baptism in any real sense except physically, is never able to experience the affective and cognitive transition originally wrought by the ritual. Therefore, if the church does not introduce some measure to effect the bonding, the individual will always have trouble in identifying with the church.

EDUCATION OF PATRIOTICALLY ORIENTED YOUNG GENERATION BY MEANS OF UKRAINIAN HANDICRAFTS

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Gadiella Galambosh

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The relevance of the problem of educating young generation’s patriotism under modern conditions is substantiated in the article. The concept of the terms «patriotism» and «patriotic education» is considered. The concept of national-patriotic education of children and youth is analyzed. Much attention is paid to Ukrainian handicrafts educational influence on patriotic upbringing of younger generation. Work experience of the Faculty of Technology and Design оf V. G. Korolenko Poltava National Pedagogical University is presented.

Ritual encounters of the queer kind: a political analysis of jewish lesbian ritual innovation.

Science.gov (United States)

Brettschneider, Marla

2003-01-01

SUMMARY Jewish feminist and queer engagement in Jewish life and Judaism are transforming the practices and foundational orientations of traditional modes. Jewish feminist, queer ritual innovation in particular is inspired by an array of secular and radical critical theories as much as it is by the historic concrete experiences of a diversity of Jews in different Jewish communities. It is important to hold all of us who are involved in religious ritual innovation responsible to the knowledges we have developed and learned in critical theory or we risk, even with the best of intentions and creativity, re-inscribing some of the very problems of traditional ontological norms that we might have originally sought to disrupt and subvert. This article looks specifically at examples of new "coming out" rituals for Jewish queers explored over time in the Jewish Queer Think Tank: honoring them as well as offering tools from secular critical theory to assist our work in keeping them accountable to our aspirations to both love and fundamentally transform Jewishness. Here I redefine the function of religious ritual itself in political terms as an identity-producing performance. As such I utilize social constructionist queer theories (i.e., Shane Phelan and Judith Butler), anarchists (i.e., Emma Goldman), and those involved in radical theatre (i.e., Augusto Boal) to articulate the revolutionary potential of ritual innovation.

Indian Handicrafts in Globalization Times: An analysis of Global-Local Dynamics

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Pradeep Kumar Jena

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Globalization – which refers to the growing integration of societies, economies and cultures around the world, has become one of the most hotly-debated topics and key area of research among the policy makers, statesmen, corporate, politicians and academia respectively over the past few years. As India opens up her doors to the multinationals during the era of economic reform and liberalized market, putting an end to the ‘license raj’, it is not only the economies that often meet in the global market sphere, but also the people and cultures, which bring a new dimension to the multi-cultural setting. What we can see in present day modern world is that there is always a cross-cultural interaction between the ‘local’ and ‘global’ and the much discussed ‘global village’, is now not just a possibility but a reality despite many contradictions. Talking about Indian Handicrafts, which constitutes a significant segment of the decentralized sector of the economy, its export has reached at a commendable height. Indian folk art and crafts which are the integral parts of the Indian culture and tradition, are in high demand among the western consumers. Again, foreign fashion industry borrows a great deal from Indian appliquéd motifs Saree designs, an ethnic Indian wear. Needless to say, the borders between the world cultures are now eroding out and becoming irrelevant, therefore prompting to call it as a deterritorialized world.But notwithstanding, the real concern for many of us is that, can the ‘local’ really meet with the ‘global’ by truly sustaining its localness? The biggest problem in the Indian Handicraft industry is that the village craftsmen remain concerned that with free trade and mass production, hand-made products from other parts of the world will out price the products of their hard labour. So the basic question arises, is globalization a panacea for every human problems that the mother earth is facing now? With a

Initiations in the Burmese Ritual Landscape

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Bénédicte Brac de la Perrière

2017-06-01

Full Text Available In Buddhist Burma, a variety of ritual has been found pertaining to quite differentiated aspects of religion. This rich ritual landscape remains under-examined due partly to the Buddhist-studies bias of most of the scholars looking at religion in Burma. In this paper, I develop comparative analysis of a class of ritual, namely that of initiation, in three components of Burmese religion: Buddhist monasticism, Buddhist esotericism, and spirit worship. At least from the present analytic perspective, the three components considered could be taken as encompassing the entire Buddhist religious sphere in Burma. Looking at initiation rituals in these three ‘paths’ is a means of understanding how they frame contrasting kinds of differently valued religious practice, and of showing that, although not often discussed, rituals do matter in Burma because they help distinguish categories of action according to their relative religiosity. By doing so, I aim to give a sense of the real diversity of the Burmese ritual landscape, which until recently was rarely taken into account, and to contribute to the on-going debate in the field of Buddhist studies on what could be encapsulated as the question of Buddhism and spirit cults in Southeast Asian Theravada.

Evaluating Ritual Efficacy: Evidence from the Supernatural

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Legare, Cristine H.; Souza, Andre L.

2012-01-01

Rituals pose a cognitive paradox: although widely used to treat problems, rituals are causally opaque (i.e., they lack a causal explanation for their effects). How is the efficacy of ritual action evaluated in the absence of causal information? To examine this question using ecologically valid content, three studies (N=162) were conducted in…

Ritual Authenticity as Social Criticism

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Beek, Suzanne; Post, Paul; Sparks, Logan

2015-01-01

Rituals are often used as opportunities for self-reflection and identity construction. The Camino to Santiago de Compostela, which has become a singularly popular pilgrimage since the late ‘80s of the last century, is an example of a ritual that is explicitly used to gain a deeper understanding of

School Rituals and Educational Practice Los Rituales Escolares y las Prácticas Educativas

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Magister Pablo Daniel Vain

2002-02-01

Full Text Available This study on school rituals, based on an socio-anthropology view, has arisen from the hypothesis of the anthropologist Roberto Da Matta. This hypothesis supports the theory that rituals are useful, particularly in a complex society, to promote its social identity and develop its character. Da Matta observes that it is as if the ritual domain were a privileged area from whence to enter the cultural kernel of a society, its main ideology, its system of values. This is the reason why we have put forward the proposal that to enquire about rituals at schools can result in a useful contribution to the analysis of this institution in its reproductive dimension or in the construction of a determined social structure. This research was carried out in three schools in the city of Posadas, Misiones, Argentina. In two of them, the research was pursued as a sustained, long-term and ethnographic observation: students, parents, teachers and the managing staff were interviewed. In the third school, just the teachers and the managing staff were interviewed by means of a probing survey; in both cases, strategies, sources and techniques were combined. En este estudio, (Nota 1 de carácter socioantropológico, sobre los rituales escolares se ha partido de la hipótesis del antropólogo Roberto Da Matta quién sostiene que “...los rituales sirven, sobre todo en la sociedad compleja, para promover la identidad social y construir su carácter”. (... “ Es como si el dominio del ritual fuese una región privilegiada para penetrar en el corazón cultural de una sociedad, en su ideología dominante, en su sistema de valores..” (Nota 2 Por ello nos hemos planteado que indagar acerca de los rituales en la escuela, puede resultar un aporte interesante para analizar esta institución en su dimensión reproductora o de construcción de una determinada estructura social. La investigación se realizó en tres escuelas de la Ciudad de Posadas (Misiones; Argentina. En dos

The ambivalence of ritual in violence: Orthodox Christian perspectives

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Marian G. Simion

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This article demonstrates that ritual plays an ambivalent role in the interaction betweenreligion and violence. Ritual triggers and gives meaning to violence, or it enforces peace andcoexistence. The first part of the article defines the ambivalence of ritual in the context ofviolence. The second part surveys standard rituals of peace and violence from Hinduism,Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The third part focuses on the ambivalent natureof Orthodox Christian rituals.

Ritual and embodied cognition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Geertz, Armin W.; Klocová, Eva Kundtová

2017-01-01

Dette kapitel introducerer et embodied cognition tilgang til studiet af religiøse ritualer. Da tilgangen rummer forskellige elementer fra forskellige discipliner bliver disse opsummeret i "4E approach", nemlig kognition som embodied, embedded, extended og enactive.......Dette kapitel introducerer et embodied cognition tilgang til studiet af religiøse ritualer. Da tilgangen rummer forskellige elementer fra forskellige discipliner bliver disse opsummeret i "4E approach", nemlig kognition som embodied, embedded, extended og enactive....

The Women Ritual Processions "Lazarki" in Macedonia

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F. Petkovski

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This work reviews an interesting appearance of ritual processions on the Balkan Peninsula that has succeeded to maintain and keep the practice through vast period of transformations, changes and cultural developments. The women’s processions “Lazarki” (Лазарки in original or “Lazarici”, “Lazorki”, “Lazarinki”, “Lazarenki”, “Lazara” depending of the ethnic regions in Macedonia, appear as one of the most famous ritual practices in Macedonia that have maintained to survive their tradition even today. As a most adequate term, I will simply use the name “Lazarki”. These women’s ritual processions are famous in most of the countries on the Balkan such as Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania etc. performed by a group of girls that use a certain text or melody, as well as dancing or theatre elements as a basic and inextricable element (Maletic, 1986. The ritual is performed in motion while the girls are singing ritual songs or doing a ritual dance while traveling throughout the village or performing in the yard of a family that they have come to bless. The basic factor for this performance is the moment through which the ritual procession contributes towards the overall goods of the family, and as return, the group is rewarded with gifts such as food, clothing or money.

Evaluating ritual efficacy: evidence from the supernatural.

Science.gov (United States)

Legare, Cristine H; Souza, André L

2012-07-01

Rituals pose a cognitive paradox: although widely used to treat problems, rituals are causally opaque (i.e., they lack a causal explanation for their effects). How is the efficacy of ritual action evaluated in the absence of causal information? To examine this question using ecologically valid content, three studies (N=162) were conducted in Brazil, a cultural context in which rituals called simpatias are used to treat a great variety of problems ranging from asthma to infidelity. Using content from existing simpatias, experimental simpatias were designed to manipulate the kinds of information that influences perceptions of efficacy. A fourth study (N=68) with identical stimuli was conducted with a US sample to assess the generalizability of the findings across two different cultural contexts. The results provide evidence that information reflecting intuitive causal principles (i.e., repetition of procedures, number of procedural steps) and transcendental influence (i.e., presence of religious icons) affects how people evaluate ritual efficacy. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Images from a jointly-arousing collective ritual reveal affective polarization

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bulbulia, JosephA.; Xygalatas, Dimitris; Schjoedt, Uffe

2013-01-01

Collective rituals are biologically ancient and culturally pervasive, yet few studies have quantified their effects on participants. We assessed two plausible models from qualitative anthropology: ritual empathy predicts affective convergence among all ritual participants irrespective of ritual r...

Taking Possession: Rituals, Space and Authority

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Jennifer Mara DeSilva

2016-12-01

Full Text Available In early modern Europe authority over communities, both people and spaces, was visualized through ritual gestures and processions. Communities gathered to witness ceremonial entries that drew on accepted forms of gestures and speech identifying individuals and articulating their place in the urban power relationship. Ceremonial entries by rulers, ambassadors, bishops, and other office-holders drew on ritual acts projecting messages of possession in order to establish reputations of prestige and authority. This introductory essay draws on cultural anthropology and recent historiography to build a framework for understanding rituals of possession that went beyond the tradition triumphal entry to incorporate substitutes, new modes of prestigious display, and attend to conflicts. By “taking possession” of communities, offices, and spaces using accepted ritual forms, early moderns initiated conversations about authority and power that were far more flexible in their scope, practice, and participants than expected.

Ritual as a method of social memory content transfer

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Utkina Anna N.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The paper deals with a ritual as a method of social memory content transfer. To reveal dialectics of ritual phenomenon formation and development, hermeneutical, dialectical and general scientific approaches as well as analysis and synthesis are applied. Social memory is considered as a complex of essential information for a society rooted in a social medium mentality and transferred from one generation to another. In terms of analyzed theoretical approaches to ritual and social memory the authors conclude that a ritual is capable of transferring social memory from one social stratum to another retaining its content. By means of a ritual, the process of conversation between different individuals is implemented, and the unity of memories is formed. Ritual instability allows changing its form dialectically retaining its content unvaried. Ritual preserves, presents and keeps its content current taking into account changing forms of manifestation that define the dynamics of society development. Reflecting the inner content of a social memory ritual contributes to its literal perception in the modern world and, as a consequence, to the reduction of social conscience manipulation. The development of society is in great necessity in such methods of social memory transfer that are capable of responding to social changes retaining important information for society ungarbled. The authors consider a ritual as one of such methods.

Buddhist Ritual from Syntax to Cognition: Insight Meditation and Homa

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Richard K. Payne

2016-08-01

Full Text Available The concept of “ritual syntax” is developed by relating it to cognitive studies of ritual, providing a fuller theoretical basis. Developing theoretical grounding requires differentiating between the members of five pairs of concepts: production is not the same as analysis, syntax is not the same as semantics, ritual is not the same as the mental, cognition is not the same as the mental, and syntax is not the same as language. These distinctions help avoid overly strong interpretations of the analogy between ritual and language. A discussion of “ritual” suggests that it is best conceptualized in terms of multiple scalar characteristics with degrees of ritualization. Two Buddhist practices, insight meditation and homa, are introduced as instances for the cognitive study of ritual. Syntax involves not simply ordering of elements, but also hierarchical organization of those elements. While syntax allows sentential elements to move within a sentence, ritual tends toward invariance. Invariance seems to contradict the claim that ritual is syntactically organized. However, rituals are often modeled on ordinary activities, producing a kind of “semantic” motivation for invariance.

Rituales de hetzmek¹ en Yucatán

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Nancy Beatriz Villanueva Villanueva

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo hacemos una revisión, sistematización y análisis de los estudios que se han realizado sobre los rituales de hetzmek en Yucatán, para que sirva como punto de partida a investigaciones etnográficas posteriores sobre las celebraciones actuales. Nos interesa conocer cómo han sido analizados e interpretados dichos rituales. Para ello, nos centramos en los siguientes aspectos: a las presunciones que se han hecho sobre su origen, b las problemáticas o temáticas teóricas dentro de las cuales se ha abordado, c las funciones y los propósitos que los estudiosos le asignan y d la manera en que realizan sus interpretaciones. Previamente, para que el lector conozca en qué consiste este ritual, presentamos una descripción basada en los rasgos más comunes e ideales. Finalmente, hacemos algunas reflexiones y recomendaciones metodológicas para futuros análisis de este ritual.In this paper we review, systematize and analyze the studies that have been done on rituals of hetzmek in Yucatán, as a starting point for subsequent ethnographic research on this topic. We are interested in examining how these rituals have been analyzed and interpreted. Our focus is on: a the assumptions that have been made about the ritual's origin, b the theoretical problems within which it has been studies, c the functions and purposes scholars have assigned to it, and d how they have interpreted it. We start by presenting a description based on its ideal form and common characteristics in order for the reader to understand what the ritual consists of. Finally, we discuss some methodological points and make recommendations for future analyses of this ritual.

Introduction: Enquiries into Contemporary Ritual Landscapes

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Pirjo Kristiina Virtanen

2017-06-01

Full Text Available ‘Landscape’ and ‘ritual’ have been largely discussed in the social and human sciences, although their inter-relatedness has gained li le scholarly a ention. Drawing on earlier studies of ritual and landscape, as well as the authors’ own ethnographic works, ‘ritual landscape’ is suggested here as a useful analytical tool with which to understand how landscapes are produced, and how they, in their turn, produce certain types of being. ‘Ritual landscape’ recognises di erent modalities of agency, power-relation, knowledge, emotion, and movement. The article shows how the subjectivity of other-than-human beings such as ancestors, earth formations, land, animals, plants and, in general, materiality of ritual contexts, shape landscapes. We argue that ways of perceiving landscape includes a number of material and immaterial aspects indicated by ways of moving through landscapes and interacting with di erent human and non-human subjects that come to inhabit the world, creating relations and producing agentive ensembles and complexes.

Management of Mauritia flexuosa L.f. for the handicraft production in Orinoco high plains, Colombia

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Laura Isabel Mesa Castellanos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available We present information about the spear leaves harvest, fiber processing and trade of Mauritia flexuosa L.f. for the handicrafts production by the Sikuani people in Wacoyo indigenous Village, in Puerto Gaitán, Meta, Colombia. We made  a semi-structured interviews and workshops with harvesters, artisans and traders. During these sessions we inquired about their harvesting techniques, characteristics of harvestable individuals, distribution area of the palms, market aspects  and other uses of the species. Mauritia flexuosa, locally known as moriche, is one of the economic livelihoods for the artisans who inhabit the Wacoyo reservation. The harvest of spear leaves is carried out  in juvenile and subadult palms. The fibers are extracted from the spear leaves to manufacture handicrafts like bags, baskets, hats and hammocks. Artisans sell the products to tourists visiting the reservation, and intermediary sellers who commercialize them in the municipality center of Puerto Gaitán and Puerto Lopez, Meta. The use of M. flexuosa has the potential to become a sustainable activity, since the leaf harvest does not involve the death of the individuals.

The implications of ritual practices and ritual plant uses on nature conservation: a case study among the Naxi in Yunnan Province, Southwest China.

Science.gov (United States)

Geng, Yanfei; Hu, Guoxiong; Ranjitkar, Sailesh; Shi, Yinxian; Zhang, Yu; Wang, Yuhua

2017-10-25

Conservation of biodiversity is primary important of today's critically vulnerable environment. Efficient conservation can be possible only with the long-term participation and understanding of the communities. Ritual beliefs of the indigenous people are one of the important tools to understand the local communities and aid the nature conservation. In this paper, we documented contemporary ritual practices and ritual plant uses among the Naxi people and discussed the importance of traditional knowledge on ritual practice in the conservation of plants in the mountains presenting a case study of the Dongba culture. This study was carried out from July in 2013 to July in 2014. To document and analyze the present state of the ritual plant used by the Naxi people we conducted an ethnobotanical survey. We interviewed local people including Dongba priests using the semi-structured questionnaire. During the field study, we participated in the local religious activities to witness the use of different plants in ritual activities of the Naxi people. We interviewed twenty-two key informants and eleven of them were male. All the specimens of documented species were collected and deposited at the herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany. The survey results revealed the Naxi people possessed sound knowledge of the traditional ritual plants and great diversity of plants used in many of Naxi rituals and festivals. From the survey, we documented 32 ritual plant species belonging to 24 genera of 17 families used in various ritual activities. The ritual plants were grouped into two categories, namely those burned as incense, and those used for decoration. The incense plants like Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata and Pistacia weinmanniifolia were probably promising natural aromatic resource. Plants of genus Quercus were the most frequently used species. The places for ritual activities were diverse, such as the incense burners inside and outside the house and sacred trees at the

The Psychological Benefits of Superstitious Rituals in Top Sport

NARCIS (Netherlands)

M.C. Schippers (Michaéla); P.A.M. van Lange (Paul)

2005-01-01

textabstractThe current research addresses the psychological benefits of superstitious rituals in top sport, examining the circumstances under which top-class sportsmen are especially committed to enacting rituals prior to a game (ritual commitment). Consistent with hypotheses, findings revealed

Digital economy, Websites and SMEs of the handicraft industry in Peru

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Franklin Duarte Cueva

2010-06-01

Full Text Available The companies are operating in complex, dynamic and uncertain environments that it difficult to compete. The e-economy each time has a major presence in business world, then, the small entrepreneurs must design strategies based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs, particularly the use of Internet, to improve company performance. Thus, the efficient implementation of websites is a mechanism that should exploit exporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs or with export potential, of the handicrafts industry, to communicate desired company image and optimize customer service, this it has implications who require to be analyzed to make an effective use of the ICTs.

Autobiographical Memory in a Fire-Walking Ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Xygalatas, Dimitris; Schjoedt, Uffe; Bulbulia, Joseph

2013-01-01

confidence and high accuracy. Two months later we found more inaccurate memories and higher confidence. Whereas cognitive theories of ritual have predicted flashbulb memories for highly arousing rituals, we found that memories were strongly suppressed immediately after the event and only later evolved......Abstract Anthropological theories have discussed the effects of participation in high-arousal rituals in the formation of autobiographical memory; however, precise measurements for such effects are lacking. In this study, we examined episodic recall among participants in a highly arousing fire......-walking ritual. To assess arousal, we used heart rate measurements. To assess the dynamics of episodic memories, we obtained reports immediately after the event and two months later. We evaluated memory accuracy from video footage. Immediately after the event, participants’ reports revealed limited recall, low...

The taste transformation ritual in the specialty coffee market

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Ronan Torres Quintão

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Although the consumer culture field has addressed the role of ritual processes in consumption, no research has yet identified how connoisseur consumers, through ritual practices, establish and manipulate their distinction from other consumers. Drawing on key concepts from ritual theory, this research addresses the role played by ritual in connoisseurship consumption and consumers’ taste. In conducting an ethnographic study on connoisseurship consumption, the first author immersed himself in the North American specialty coffee context—Toronto, Montreal, Seattle, and New York—from August 2013 to July 2014. He used long interviews and participant observation to collect data, which was then interpreted using a hermeneutic approach. We introduce the taste transformation ritual, theorizing the process that converts regular consumers into connoisseur consumers by establishing and reinforcing differences between mass and connoisseurship consumption. We develop a broader theoretical account that builds on consumption ritual and taste formation.

Uvulectomy - the making of a ritual

African Journals Online (AJOL)

cause and effect nor change are issues in ritual uvulectomy. Ritual uvulectomy ensures continuity, and is performed on infants because it was ... Messing SO. Traditional healing and the new health center in Ethiopia. In: Singer P, ed. ... Hausa Medicine: Illness and Well-being in a West Afn'can Culture. Durham and London: ...

Designing personal grief rituals: An analysis of symbolic objects and actions.

Science.gov (United States)

Sas, Corina; Coman, Alina

2016-10-01

Personal grief rituals are beneficial in dealing with complicated grief, but challenging to design, as they require symbolic objects and actions meeting clients' emotional needs. The authors reported interviews with 10 therapists with expertise in both grief therapy and grief rituals. Findings indicate three types of rituals supporting honoring, letting go, and self transformation, with the latter being particularly complex. Outcomes also point to a taxonomy of ritual objects for framing and remembering ritual experience, and for capturing and processing grief. Besides symbolic possessions, the authors identified other types of ritual objects including transformational and future-oriented ones. Symbolic actions include creative craft of ritual objects, respectful handling, disposal, and symbolic play. They conclude with theoretical implications of these findings, and a reflection on their value for tailored, creative co-design of grief rituals. In particular, several implications for designing grief rituals were identified that include accounting for the client's need, selecting (or creating) the most appropriate objects and actions from the identified types, integrating principles of both grief and art/drama therapy, exploring clients' affinity for the ancient elements as medium of disposal in letting go rituals, and the value of technology for recording and reflecting on ritual experience.

Bereavement rituals in the Muscogee Creek tribe.

Science.gov (United States)

Walker, Andrea C; Balk, David E

2007-08-01

A qualitative, collective case study explores bereavement rituals in the Muscogee Creek tribe. Data from interviews with 27 participants, all adult members of the tribe, revealed consensus on participation in certain bereavement rituals. Common rituals included: (a) conducting a wake service the night before burial; (b) never leaving the body alone before burial; (c) enclosing personal items and food in the casket; (d) digging graves by hand; (e) each individual throwing a handful of dirt into the grave before covering, called giving a "farewell handshake"; (f) covering the grave completely by hand; (g) building a house over the grave; (h) waiting 4 days before burial; (i) using medicine/purification; and (j) adhering to socialized mourning period. Cultural values of family, community, religion, importance of the number 4, Indian medicine, and the meaning of death contributed to the development of these rituals.

Impact of the ritual on individual time

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A. A. Nivnya

2016-06-01

The author studies ritual rhythm as a powerful tool of ritual language, establishing its ability to bring the individual to the higher levels of consciousness. Music is interpreted as a powerful tool of worship representing a synthesis of sound and rhythm. The article investigates mediating and harmonizing functions of music in the mythological consciousness, revealing the impact of music on the listener’s physiology. It establishes transformation of current ideological attitudes in the musical texts, with the further ritualization of the latter as well as their inclusion in the calendar cycle.

Sadistic ritual abuse. An overview in detection and management.

Science.gov (United States)

Young, W C

1993-06-01

Sadistic ritual abuse, including satanic cult abuse, is emerging as a syndrome among people with severe dissociative disorders, including multiple personality disorder. This article discusses the essential features that compose the clinical picture of sadistic ritual abuse in adults, adolescents, and children. Particular attention is paid to the differences between adolescents who may have been victimized by adults in sadistic and ritualized ways and disenfranchised "teenage dabblers" who may temporarily adopt a ritualized lifestyle as a way of expressing or acting out. The article also covers guidelines for appropriate medical, pharmacologic, and referral interventions. The controversy surrounding sadistic ritual abuse is discussed thoroughly, and primary care physicians are advised of the current status of understanding and validation in this area.

AHP 40: SOCIALIZING WITH GODS IN THE MONGGHUL BOG RITUAL

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Limusishiden (Li Dechun

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This article introduces a communal ritual, known as Bog, as practiced among the Mongghul, a linguistically and culturally distinct group of people of the northeast Tibetan Plateau. The main activity of the Bog ritual involves deities and ancestral souls being invited to a sumptuous "banquet" where religious practitioners, called fashi, chant scriptures, sing, dance, joke, and burn incense to delight the "guests." This essay provides a thick description of the ritual. To provide context for this description, we introduce the community on which our description focuses, and also discuss the role of fashi. A chronological account of the ritual follows that includes not only descriptions of the ritual activities, but also interpretations of the meaning of these events from the perspective of the ritual practitioners. We also provide an analysis of the performances given during the ritual and how they contribute to creating a spectacle that delights both human and non-human participants.

The Ritual Use of Jhakro in Magar Community

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Prakash Prasad Sapkota

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Human- plant relation is tightly attached on life of human beings. From the beginning of civilization, people used many plants and their products for different purpose to adopt with their environment. The essential and valuable materials including plant species are gathered, used, saved and always remain hunger for knowledge yet now. They developed different kinds of ceremonies and rituals and include valuable materials and plants within it to protect and remains as indigenous knowledge in particular communities and groups. In this context, I want to raise the issue of material culture to search why people used plants in their rituals with reference to a plant species the Jhakro the Magars inhabitant of Baglung district, western Nepal. The research was carried out by using descriptive and exploratory research design. Observation, interview and group discussion were used in the field for primary data collection. The Magars are rich in their rituals among them death and kul pujane rituals are significant for cohesive and solidarity of the group; within these rituals a shrub plant species with special type of smell remains in central position for purity and soul. They believed that in death ritual all the polluted activities are purified and in kul pujane Jhakro acts as purity as well as help to join their ancestors with them. Unfortunately, they are unknown of the materialistic meaning of it due to lack of transferring knowledge. In etic aspect, this plant has important medicinal properties and the Magar preserved by keeping it in important rituals within their community. Keywords: Ritual; Jhakro; the Magars; ethno-botany; ancestors DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4522 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.4 2010 pp.223-234

Deep healing: ritual healing in the teshuvah movement.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharabi, Asaf

2014-12-01

Based on an ethnographic analysis of religious healing rituals in Israel, this paper addresses the question of how healer-client relations are structured on these rituals. An examination of what takes place at the rallies held by Rabbi Amnon Yitzhak indicates that, apart from the regular blessings, which can be referred to as ordinary healing, there are some ritual events that can be referred to as 'deep healing'. The current paper demonstrates how deep healing rituals are generally conducted in severe cases through give-and-take between the rabbi and the person upon whom the blessing is bestowed, and that they are linked to relationships between people and the ethic of mutual support.

Espaços comerciais de artesanato: apenas um espaço turístico? * Handicraft commercial spaces: just tourist spaces?

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GABRIELA SOUSA RIBEIRO

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Defendemos que se um espaço se torna exclusivamente focado no turismo, pode perder a sua vida, sendo abandonado e desinteressante para população local e externa. Assim, este artigo busca analisar – a partir de pesquisas empíricas (com a população local e bibliográficas –quais aspectos precisam estar presentes em espaços comerciais de artesanato da cidade de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil para permitir a consolidação da dinâmica sociocultural local, possibilitando à população local ter mais espaços percebidos como lugares, por acomodar suas vivências socioculturais, além de incrementar o turismo.Palavras-chave: Artesanato – Espaços comerciais de artesanato – Vivências socioculturais – Identificação sociocultural. Abstract: When a space becomes exclusively focused on tourism, it can lose its life and become unattractive to and abandoned by both local and external populations. As such, this paper aims to analyze the features that need to be present in handicraft commercial spaces to facilitate consolidation of the local sociocultural dynamic. Toward this end, this study conducted bibliographic and empirical research (via the local population on the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. In addition to boosting tourism, accommodating the sociocultural experiences of the local population enables them to have more spaces actually perceived as places.Keywords: Handicrafts – Handicraft commercial spaces – Sociocultural experiences – Sociocultural identification.

Ritualized Space and Objects of Sacrosanctity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2010-01-01

: such areas, buildings, places, and objects, stand out as ritualized physical structures. In the West, historically, such traditions have included hierarchies of sacred places (e.g. Jerusalem, Mecca, Rome), defined by mythical events and religious memory; sacred bodies (dead or alive) as manifested......The idea that formalized performative acts may manifest sacrosanctity spatially or in specific physical objects is often brought out in descriptions of ritual practices. Rituals of sanctification or dedication of sacred areas, temples, churches, and objects of veneration provide well-known examples...... by different kinds of ordination or initiation (e.g. saints, kings, priests, ordinary Christians); sacred buildings, places, and objects (churches and monasteries with their precincts including graveyards; various kinds of vessels, reliquaries, altars, crucifixes, books, thrones, statues, pictures, etc). Each...

Why ritual plant use has ethnopharmacological relevance

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Quiroz, Diana; Sosef, Marc; Andel, Van Tinde

2016-01-01

Ethnopharmacological relevance Although ritual plant use is now recognised both for its socio-cultural importance and for its contribution to nature conservation, its potential pharmacological effects remain overlooked. Aim of the study Our objective was to see whether ritual plant use could have

TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOK ON HANDICRAFTS METHODOLOGY

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Iryna V. Androshchuk

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The main approaches to defining the concept of electronic textbook have been analyzed in the article. The main advantages of electronic textbooks in the context of future teachers’ training have been outlined. They are interactivity, feedback provision, availability of navigation and search engine. The author has presented and characterized the main stages in the technology of development of an electronic textbook on Handicraft and Technology Training Methodology: determination of its role and significance in the process of mastering the discipline; justification of its structure; outline of the stages of its development in accordance with the defined structure. The characteristic feature of the developed electronic textbook is availability of macro- and microstructure. Macrostructure is viewed as a sequence of components of the electronic textbook that are manifested in its content; microstructure is considered to be an internal pattern of each component of macrostructure.

Popular Culture and the Rituals of American Football

OpenAIRE

Axelrod, Mark

2001-01-01

In his article, "Popular Culture and the Rituals of American Football," Mark Axelrod reflects on meanings of cultural practice in American popular culture. Before globalization -- driven by economics -- became a fact of life with profound implications, there were myths and rituals that provided a kind of insulation from the mysteries of life. These practices were ritualized by "primitive" men and women who, seemingly, did not understand the universe as well as we moderns do. But in fact one o...

Preservation of Cultural Heritage Embodied in Traditional Crafts in the Developing Countries. A Case Study of Pakistani Handicraft Industry

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Yongzhong Yang

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Cultural heritage embodied in traditional crafts is an integral part of any nation which reflects the culture and tradition of a particular region. Although the importance of handicraft has been widely recognized, the literature regarding preservation of traditional craft is scarce. The present paper aimed to explore and identify issues faced by traditional craftsmanship in developing countries and to address those issues in order to contribute to the sustainability of traditional craft heritage and ensure continuous transmission of craft skills and knowledge from generation to generation. Our study identified several key issues which poses substantial challenges to the preservation of traditional craft heritage in developing countries. In order to add empirical evidence, we examined the case of Pakistani handicraft industry that provided further understanding of highlighted issues which traditional craft heritage face. We have suggested some policies to promote, develop and preserve the traditional craft heritage. The significance of these policy suggestions is underlined with the case study of Pakistan.

Ritual Black Drink consumption at Cahokia

Science.gov (United States)

Crown, Patricia L.; Emerson, Thomas E.; Gu, Jiyan; Hurst, W. Jeffrey; Pauketat, Timothy R.; Ward, Timothy

2012-01-01

Chemical analyses of organic residues in fragments of pottery from the large site of Cahokia and surrounding smaller sites in Illinois reveal theobromine, caffeine, and ursolic acid, biomarkers for species of Ilex (holly) used to prepare the ritually important Black Drink. As recorded during the historic period, men consumed Black Drink in portions of the American Southeast for ritual purification. This first demonstrated discovery of biomarkers for Ilex occurs in beaker vessels dating between A.D. 1050 and 1250 from Cahokia, located far north of the known range of the holly species used to prepare Black Drink during historic times. The association of Ilex and beaker vessels indicates a sustained ritual consumption of a caffeine-laced drink made from the leaves of plants grown in the southern United States. PMID:22869743

Using rituals to bid farewell. A qualitative study of the meaning of rituals for those who lost a loved one

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sangild Stølen, Karen Marie

. A hermeneutic phenomenological method is employed. Five qualitative interviews are conducted with the next-of-kin to deceased persons. There are three general themes: using rituals to bid farewell; the importance of having sufficient time; and knowing that help is there. The themes are discussed in the light...... of Stifoss- Hanssen’s theory concerning the significance of rituals and Travelbee’s existential perspective on nursing, and other relevant scientific studies and theories. It is concluded that the next-of-kin make use of traditional and personal rituals. Social, Psychological and spiritual significance...

MATTHEAN ATONEMENT RITUALS

African Journals Online (AJOL)

It gives an operational definition of a ritual and identifies ... this difficulty, this article will follow the example of Platvoet (1995:25) who ... words, it has a formulistic nature). ... Have this behaviour's qualities been altered to focus the attention of.

Ritual Art: a Key to the Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead

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Jørgen Podemann Sørensen

1996-01-01

Full Text Available The Bambara sculpture is a ritual object, in fact one of the dramatis personae of a ritual drama. The Civara, as it is called, is carried on the head during the ritual dance as a token of the presence of the mythical antilope which brought agriculture to the Bambara. Besides the male Civara there is also a female one, and in their dance, the two of them dramatize the fertilizing interaction of sun and soil. Without further exploring Bambara ritual, we may notice that a piece of pictorial art is here an integral part of a ritual. It is a mask, carried during the dance and designating its bearer as the mythical antilope. Also belonging to a ritual are the space and the surroundings in which it is carried out. It is well known how ritual places and temple rooms are often structured and decorated to make out the background and the framework of ritual acts. The place of ritual may be designed as an imago mundi, or it may be chosen or named according to mythical prototypes. Temple rooms may be decorated with mythological and cosmological motifs to identify the ritual acts that take place in them as mythical deeds and cosmologically significant events, exactly as the civara-mask identifies the ritual dance in its mythological and cosmological significance.

Jurors' Reactions to Satanic Ritual Abuse Allegations.

Science.gov (United States)

Bottoms, Bette L.; Diviak, Kathleen R.; Davis, Suzanne L.

1997-01-01

Mock jurors (N=243) rendered judgment about a case involving childhood sexual abuse allegations made with or without allegations of satanic ritual abuse. Although jurors, especially nonreligious jurors, were less likely to believe the satanic ritual allegations than other case details, they were as likely to vote guilty and believe the victim in…

Altered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual

Science.gov (United States)

Loewald, Tonio; Comber, Evelyn M.; Hanson, Sarah A.; Pruitt, Bria

2016-01-01

Extreme rituals (body-piercing, fire-walking, etc.) are anecdotally associated with altered states of consciousness—subjective alterations of ordinary mental functioning (Ward, 1984)—but empirical evidence of altered states using both direct and indirect measures during extreme rituals in naturalistic settings is limited. Participants in the “Dance of Souls”, a 3.5-hour event during which participants received temporary piercings with hooks or weights attached to the piercings and danced to music provided by drummers, responded to measures of two altered states of consciousness. Participants also completed measures of positive and negative affect, salivary cortisol (a hormone associated with stress), self-reported stress, sexual arousal, and intimacy. Both pierced participants (pierced dancers) and non-pierced participants (piercers, piercing assistants, observers, drummers, and event leaders) showed evidence of altered states aligned with transient hypofrontality (Dietrich, 2003; measured with a Stroop test) and flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; Csikszentmihalyi & Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; measured with the Flow State Scale). Both pierced and non-pierced participants also reported decreases in negative affect and psychological stress and increases in intimacy from before to after the ritual. Pierced and non-pierced participants showed different physiological reactions, however, with pierced participants showing increases in cortisol and non-pierced participants showing decreases from before to during the ritual. Overall, the ritual appeared to induce different physiological effects but similar psychological effects in focal ritual participants (i.e., pierced dancers) and in participants adopting other roles. PMID:27175897

Altered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual.

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Ellen M Lee

Full Text Available Extreme rituals (body-piercing, fire-walking, etc. are anecdotally associated with altered states of consciousness-subjective alterations of ordinary mental functioning (Ward, 1984-but empirical evidence of altered states using both direct and indirect measures during extreme rituals in naturalistic settings is limited. Participants in the "Dance of Souls", a 3.5-hour event during which participants received temporary piercings with hooks or weights attached to the piercings and danced to music provided by drummers, responded to measures of two altered states of consciousness. Participants also completed measures of positive and negative affect, salivary cortisol (a hormone associated with stress, self-reported stress, sexual arousal, and intimacy. Both pierced participants (pierced dancers and non-pierced participants (piercers, piercing assistants, observers, drummers, and event leaders showed evidence of altered states aligned with transient hypofrontality (Dietrich, 2003; measured with a Stroop test and flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; Csikszentmihalyi & Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; measured with the Flow State Scale. Both pierced and non-pierced participants also reported decreases in negative affect and psychological stress and increases in intimacy from before to after the ritual. Pierced and non-pierced participants showed different physiological reactions, however, with pierced participants showing increases in cortisol and non-pierced participants showing decreases from before to during the ritual. Overall, the ritual appeared to induce different physiological effects but similar psychological effects in focal ritual participants (i.e., pierced dancers and in participants adopting other roles.

Parties, rituals and symbolisms in schools

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Ana Cecilia Valencia Aguirre

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This paper aims at analyzing school parties from interaction spaces and principals’ narratives in six schools in the state of Jalisco. A party is a ritual where participants share symbols related to imaginary –hence the importance of conducting an analysis for understanding institutions as a symbolic framework. A core argument is that established actors are configured from symbolic practices in the institutional space (schools. The repetition of these practices awash with symbolism leads to daily rituals or micro rituals that are ratified in institutions. Methodologically, interviews and non-participant observation in school interaction spaces were used. Based on the findings, it may be stated that the nuclear family, rooted in the Christian image in which authority is a central point, becomes a fundamental factor in shaping institutional life as well as the imaginary linked to school parties.

Rituals decrease the neural response to performance failure

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Nicholas M. Hobson

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Rituals are found in all types of performance domains, from high-stakes athletics and military to the daily morning preparations of the working family. Yet despite their ubiquity and widespread importance for humans, we know very little of ritual’s causal basis and how (if at all they facilitate goal-directed performance. Here, in a fully pre-registered pre/post experimental design, we examine a candidate proximal mechanism, the error-related negativity (ERN, in testing the prediction that ritual modulates neural performance-monitoring. Participants completed an arbitrary ritual—novel actions repeated at home over one week—followed by an executive function task in the lab during electroencephalographic (EEG recording. Results revealed that relative to pre rounds, participants showed a reduced ERN in the post rounds, after completing the ritual in the lab. Despite a muted ERN, there was no evidence that the reduction in neural monitoring led to performance deficit (nor a performance improvement. Generally, the findings are consistent with the longstanding view that ritual buffers against uncertainty and anxiety. Our results indicate that ritual guides goal-directed performance by regulating the brain’s response to personal failure.

Opposition and Complicity in Tribal/Ritual Forms

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José Castillo Fernández

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Human activities are developed by common rituals, it means, there is a daily sequence that is been repeated, caused by sociocultural roots or personal convenience. Rites and rituals are always under exploration and systematization, which is a big contradiction because it demonstrates that they are not statics; and their dynamics change into new ways of decoding and remaking daily sequences. This research explores this daily sequences, single and collective, that are shown in urban rituals of youth. The objective is to describe and understand the activities of young people, comparing with other activities related with religion, politics and family. This study gives some categories that frame social behavior, and build social networks.

AUTOMATION BASED LIBRARY MANAGEMENT IN DEPOK PUBLIC LIBRARY IN THE CONTEXT OF RITUAL PERFORMANCE

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Rafiqa Maulidia

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Library management using manual system is no longer adequate to handle the workload in the library routines, librarians must use application of library automation. To provide a good working performance, librarians use strategy, competences and certain habits, which are referred to as a ritual performance. The performance of the ritual is the demonstration of competence spontaneously by individuals in dealing with individuals, groups and organizations, which contains elements of personal ritual, the work ritual, social ritual, and organization ritual. The research focuses in the automation based library management in the context of the performance of the ritual. This study used a qualitative approach with case study method. The findings suggest that the personal ritual shows the personal habits of librarians to do their tasks, ritual librarian's work show responsibility towards their duties, social rituals strengthen the emotional connection between librarians and leaders, as well as ritual organizations suggest the involvement of librarians in giving their contribution in decision making. Conclusions of this study shows that the performance of rituals librarian at Depok Public Library gives librarians the skills to implement automation systems in the library management, and reflect the values of responsibility, mutual trust, and mutual respect.   Key words : Library Management, Library Automation, Ritual Performance, Ritual Performance Value

On-line rituals: a new field of research: neo-pagan and Muslim cyber rituals

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Göran Larsson

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Although secularisation and institutional specialisation have reduced the importance and influence of churchoriented religion, people still have a need for religion and transcendence. By looking at two so-called on-line rituals — a neo-pagan blot and a Muslim dhikr, the author examines and illustrates how religiosity may be articulated on the Internet. Although Internet research is often discussed in relation to methodological and theoretical problems, rituals performed on-line should be included in the academic study of religion. Common problems associated with Internet research (questions of representation, source criticism, etc. in themselves stimulate the development of new methods and theories for studying on-line religiosity.

Phyllomedusa bicolor skin secretion and the Kambô ritual.

Science.gov (United States)

den Brave, Paul S; Bruins, Eugéne; Bronkhorst, Maarten W G A

2014-01-01

The ritual of Kambô or Sapo is a type of voluntary envenomation. During this purification ritual a shaman healer, from various South American countries, deliberately burns the right shoulder with a glowing stick from a fireplace. Excretions of Phyllomedusa bicolor (or Giant Leaf Frog, Kambô or Sapo) are then applied to these fresh wounds. This ritual is used as a means of purification of the body, supposedly brings luck to hunters, increases stamina and enhances physical and sexual strength. All the peripheral and most of the central effects of the secretion can be ascribed to the exceptionally high content of active peptides, easily absorbed through burned skin. This article describes the ritual and the bio-active peptides from the secretion.

The fire-walker's high: affect and physiological responses in an extreme collective ritual.

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Ronald Fischer

Full Text Available How do people feel during extreme collective rituals? Despite longstanding speculation, few studies have attempted to quantify ritual experiences. Using a novel pre/post design, we quantified physiological fluctuations (heart rates and self-reported affective states from a collective fire-walking ritual in a Mauritian Hindu community. Specifically, we compared changes in levels of happiness, fatigue, and heart rate reactivity among high-ordeal participants (fire-walkers, low-ordeal participants (non-fire-walking participants with familial bonds to fire-walkers and spectators (unrelated/unknown to the fire-walkers. We observed that fire-walkers experienced the highest increase in heart rate and reported greater happiness post-ritual compared to low-ordeal participants and spectators. Low-ordeal participants reported increased fatigue after the ritual compared to both fire-walkers and spectators, suggesting empathetic identification effects. Thus, witnessing the ritualistic suffering of loved ones may be more exhausting than experiencing suffering oneself. The findings demonstrate that the level of ritual involvement is important for shaping affective responses to collective rituals. Enduring a ritual ordeal is associated with greater happiness, whereas observing a loved-one endure a ritual ordeal is associated with greater fatigue post-ritual.

Interaction Rituals and Jumbled Emotions Among “Relative Strangers”

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Alison Fixsen

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Learning games such as role-play (which we refer to as “simulated interaction rituals” are commonly used as social tools to develop trainee health practitioners. However, the effect of such rituals on individual and group participant emotions has not been carefully studied. Using a heuristic approach, we explore the experiences of complementary therapy practitioner trainees (and their trainers participating in a personal development course. Ten trainees and two tutors were interviewed, observational notes taken, and a secondary qualitative analysis undertaken. Participants and tutors described a medley of disparate emotional and moral responses to group rituals, conceptualized in this article as “jumbled emotions.” Such emotions required disentangling, and both trainees and staff perceived participating in unfamiliar rituals “with relative strangers” as challenging. Front of stage effects are frequently processed “backstage,” as rituals threaten social embarrassment and confusion. Concerns around emotional triggers, authenticity, and outcomes of rituals arise at the time, yet trainees can find ways to work through these issues in time.

Toward a Ritual Poetics: Dream of the Rood as a Case Study

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Heather Maring

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The notion of “ritual poetics” explored in this essay weds the findings of John Miles Foley’s immanent art to ritual theories of signification in order to show that some features of early medieval verse may carry a metonymic force linking the spoken or oral-related written word to the vivid, multilayered experience of ritualized situations. The hypothesis that ritual features, when integrated into oral-related poems, preserve their association with lived, emergent ritual processes is examined through close analysis of _Dream of the Rood_.

Phyllomedusa bicolor skin secretion and the Kambô ritual

OpenAIRE

den Brave, Paul S; Bruins, Eugéne; Bronkhorst, Maarten W G A

2014-01-01

The ritual of Kambô or Sapo is a type of voluntary envenomation. During this purification ritual a shaman healer, from various South American countries, deliberately burns the right shoulder with a glowing stick from a fireplace. Excretions of Phyllomedusa bicolor (or Giant Leaf Frog, Kambô or Sapo) are then applied to these fresh wounds. This ritual is used as a means of purification of the body, supposedly brings luck to hunters, increases stamina and enhances physical and sexual strength. ...

Automation Based Library Management in Depok Public Library In The Context of Ritual Performance

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Rafiqa Maulidia

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Library management using manual system is no longer adequate to handle the workload in the library routines, librarians must use application of library automation. To provide a good working performance, librarians use strategy, competences and certain habits, which are referred to as a ritual performance. The performance of the ritual is the demonstration of competence spontaneously by individuals in dealing with individuals, groups and organizations, which contains elements of personal ritual, the work ritual, social ritual, and organization ritual. The research focuses in the automation based library management in the context of the performance of the ritual. This study used a qualitative approach with case study method. The findings suggest that the personal ritual shows the personal habits of librarians to do their tasks, ritual librarian's work show responsibility towards their duties, social rituals strengthen the emotional connection between librarians and leaders, as well as ritual organizations suggest the involvement of librarians in giving their contribution in decision making. Conclusions of this study shows that the performance of rituals librarian at Depok Public Library gives librarians the skills to implement automation systems in the library management, and reflect the values of responsibility, mutual trust, and mutual respect.

‘A Bazaar in the Coliseum': Marketing Southeast Asian Handicrafts in New York, 1956

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Jennifer Way

2014-02-01

Full Text Available This essay reconstitutes the meaning and significance of places, objects and people associated with an unstudied pavilion displaying handicrafts at the Southeast Asia Rehabilitation and Trade Development Exhibit held in the New York Coliseum from 25 June to 29 June, 1956. It pays particular attention to the ways the importance assigned to the pavilion correlates with general features of Orientalism that Edward Said analyzed in his book of the same name. Following its publication in 1978, some American cultural historians changed their focus from Europe to the United States, and from the West’s relationship with the Middle East to its relationship with Asia. In this essay, I move the geography of their scholarship from Asia to Southeast Asia and place emphasis on Vietnam. Furthermore, I identify the use of local material and visual culture in U.S. State Department aid programs active in the region, within American Cold War imperatives. The ‘tent-like enclosure’ featured in the Coliseum aimed to display ‘oriental objects’ in an environment that was to appear natural and convey the spirit of the places where they were made; it was to have ‘the atmosphere of an oriental bazaar’. The objects consisted of handicrafts that renowned American industrial designer Russel Wright collected during a recent trip he made to Southeast Asia on behalf of the U.S. State Department’s International Cooperation Administration. The ICA contracted Wright to evaluate the feasibility of establishing a multi-year program to produce and export handicrafts from there to the United States. I examine how Wright’s activity in Southeast Asia and New York City, along with the purpose, appearance and location of the pavilion in the Coliseum, prompted Wright, the pavilion’s designers, American government officials and the press to consider it ‘oriental,’ and its contents antithetical to characteristics of contemporary American culture yet also well-suited to

The Character Adaptation of Masked Puppet Figures in Ruwatan Ritual

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Robby Hidajat

2016-12-01

Full Text Available One myth that is believed by people living in Duwet village is distress that threatens human beings from when they are born till the day they die. As one way to overcome the distress, people, especially those who are living in Duwet village, hold ritual called as tolak bala. One step in the ritual is self-cleaning oneself from distress or sukerta. In addition to the ritual is a masked puppet as a means of the ritual execution. Thus, this study aims at finding out the functions of the Ruwatan masked puppet. Functional-structural perspective was adopted in the study by implementing observation, interview, and documentation study techniques. Results show that masked puppet has a special function which is to serve as a means of Ruwatan that is specifically to obtain society participation in order to give spiritual support to the process of ritual as a whole tolak bala or distress expulsion process.

“Tonight’s Secret Ingredient Is...”: Iron Chef America as Media Ritual

OpenAIRE

Christopher Bell

2010-01-01

The Food Network program Iron Chef America creates a media ritual space in which public displays of virtuosity and the engendering of parasocial relationships combine to present both the media ritual itself (the cooking competition) and the media ritual it engenders (the viewing of and parasocial interaction with the cooking competition). These rituals though separate and distinct are inextricably tied together. Couched in the ritual tropes and memes of sporting events, Iron Chef America is a...

Affected by Ritual : Predictors of Agreement with Church Marriage Rites in The Netherlands

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Robinson, Remco; Hermans, Chris; Scheepers, Peer; Schilderman, Hans

2007-01-01

Why do couples opt for a church wedding ritual living in a modern secularized society. Based on the ritual form hypothesis of Lawson and McCauley, the authors identify the specific church wedding rites as special agent rituals and the rites that form the ritual framework of every eucharist or prayer

[Ethics and ritual circumcision].

Science.gov (United States)

Castagnola, C; Faix, A

2014-12-01

Circumcision dates back to ancient times, nowadays, this ritual is practiced mainly in the context of Jewish and Muslim religions. The purpose of this article is to give urologists elements of reflection on the act according to the ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. According to a Kantian vision, priority should be given to the respect and wishes of the individuals. In contrast, for the utilitarian theory, circumcision can be justified by a contribution to the happiness of the majority of community members at the expense of a given few. In the event of a request for ritual circumcision, urologists find themselves in the middle, uncomfortable for some, questioning the ethics of its meaning. The main pitfall for the surgeon remains in respecting the child's autonomy. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Anxiety and ritualization: Can attention discriminate compulsion from routine?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Krátký, Jan; Martin, Lang; Shaver, John

2016-01-01

Despite the wide occurrence of ritual behavior in humans and animals, much of its causal underpinnings, as well as evolutionary functions, remain unknown. A prominent line of research focuses on ritualization as a response to anxiogenic stimuli. By manipulating anxiety levels, and subsequently...... assessing their motor behavior dynamics, our recent study investigated this causal link in a controlled way. As an extension to our original argument, we here discuss 2 theoretical explanations of rituals—Ritualized Behavior and Automated Behavior—and their link to anxiety. We propose that investigating...

Religious ritual contested: anti-religious activities and women’s ritual practice in rural Soviet Karelia

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Marja-Liisa Keinänen

2003-01-01

Full Text Available After the October Revolution, the Bolsheviks sought to establish a new atheistic order which would eradicate from the public consciousness all vestiges of "religious prejudices", which were regarded as a residue from the imperial era and an instrument used to exploit the masses. Even though it was generally held that religion would automatically disappear from socialist society when its material precondition, the class society, was abolished, the regime made concentrated efforts to speed up the process by means of virulent anti-religious propaganda. The ultimate goal was to wipe out the persistent remains of the bourgeois system of values. No force was to be used since it was feared this would merely offend the religious sentiments of the people and strengthen their adherence to religion. Theoretically, the ultimate goal was to be achieved through education and information, but in practice, anti-religious activities were at times quite brutal. These attacks were successful in curtailing the activities of religious institutions in Karelia, but did not bring to an end the religious practices of lay people, which were continued, in one form or another, throughout the entire Soviet period. One fundamental reason for the survival of religious rituals, both Christian and indigenous, was the fact that they were so deeply embedded in people's consciousness and intimately integrated with their everyday lives. Every important phase and turn in human life was sanctified by rituals. The goal of the present paper is to examine what forms anti-religious attacks took in Soviet Karelia and how people reacted to them. The focus is on the attacks against the very fundaments of the ritual complex of the church and, by extension, on the effects of these attacks on the indigenous ritual complex, which co-existed in parallel with that of the "official" religious institutions.

From Wasteland to Flower Bed: Ritual in the Website Communication of Urban Activist Gardeners

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Heike Graf

2014-04-01

Full Text Available The goal of this article is to explore the website communication of urban activist gardeners by focusing on the concept of ritual as a heuristic category. In contrast to the majority of those doing research on ritual, I use a systems-theoretical approach in applying the concept of ritual to communication processes. I explore the role played by ritual in communication in order to answer questions such as, "What is specifically unique about the ritual mode of communicating?" and, following from this, "What function do these rituals serve in communication?" My subject, urban garden activism, is thus addressed from the perspective of media- and communication research. First, I briefly describe urban activist gardening and how communication is usually structured on their websites. Second, I present an outline of some theories and concepts of communication and ritual within media studies, and give a brief account of the systems-theoretical approach that I use. Third, I define some areas of ritual - that is, ritualized patterns of communication found in the urban activist gardeners' empirical material - so as to provide answers regarding the means and function of ritual in communication.

AHP 40: SOCIALIZING WITH GODS IN THE MONGGHUL BOG RITUAL

OpenAIRE

Limusishiden (Li Dechun); Gerald Roche

2016-01-01

This article introduces a communal ritual, known as Bog, as practiced among the Mongghul, a linguistically and culturally distinct group of people of the northeast Tibetan Plateau. The main activity of the Bog ritual involves deities and ancestral souls being invited to a sumptuous "banquet" where religious practitioners, called fashi, chant scriptures, sing, dance, joke, and burn incense to delight the "guests." This essay provides a thick description of the ritual. To provide context for th...

AHP 6: The Brag 'go Wolf Begging Ritual

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Mgon po tshe ring

2010-06-01

Full Text Available A ritual performed in 1999 in Dge rtse (Genzhi 更知 Township, Brag 'go (Luhuo 炉霍 County, Dkar mdzes (Ganzi 甘孜 Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan (四川 Province is described. The ritual involved a man, his son, and his nephew taking a wolf skin, visiting nine villages, and asking for donations to appease the 'owner of the wolves'.

Ritual and cohesion. What is the place of euphoric arousal?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Xygalatas, Dimitris

2014-01-01

Commentary on H. Whitehouse & J. A. Lanman, “The Ties that Bind Us: Ritual, Fusion, and Identification”,......Commentary on H. Whitehouse & J. A. Lanman, “The Ties that Bind Us: Ritual, Fusion, and Identification”,...

Attentional Resource Allocation and Cultural Modulation in a Computational Model of Ritualized Behavior

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielbo, Kristoffer Laigaard; Sørensen, Jesper

2016-01-01

studies have tried to answer by focusing on ritualized behavior instead of ritual. Ritualized behavior (i.e., a set of behavioral features embedded in rituals) increases attention to detail and induces cognitive resource depletion, which together support distinct modes of action categorization. While......How do cultural and religious rituals influence human perception and cognition, and what separates the highly patterned behaviors of communal ceremonies from perceptually similar precautionary and compulsive behaviors? These are some of the questions that recent theoretical models and empirical...... patterns and the simulation data were subjected to linear and non-linear analysis. The results are used to exemplify how action perception of ritualized behavior a) might influence allocation of attentional resources; and b) can be modulated by cultural priors. Further explorations of the model show why...

“Tonight’s Secret Ingredient Is...”: Iron Chef America as Media Ritual

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Christopher Bell

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The Food Network program Iron Chef America creates a media ritual space in which public displays of virtuosity and the engendering of parasocial relationships combine to present both the media ritual itself (the cooking competition and the media ritual it engenders (the viewing of and parasocial interaction with the cooking competition. These rituals though separate and distinct are inextricably tied together. Couched in the ritual tropes and memes of sporting events, Iron Chef America is an attempt to mediate mundane activity by transforming it into competitive action. As a result, the program ritualises the ‘deep play’ aspect of cooking as spectator sport, and in the process, reinforces the ritual structures of American society, celebrating the triumph of skill, determination, and hard work so valued in contemporary USA.

Magijos ritualas Senekos Medėjoje | Magic Ritual in Seneca’s Medea

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Jovita Dikmonienė

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Magic Ritual in Seneca’s Medea Jovita Dikmonienė Summary The present article deals with the magic ritual in Seneca’s Medea. Seneca, following Ovid’s Metamorphoses, created in the tragedy a witchcraft scene which describes magic numbers, herbs, and rituals dedicated to Hecate. Unlike Ovid, Seneca focuses on rituals involving snakes, conjuring up the dead, and supernatural performative utterances, and emphasises the feeling of anger, which inspired Medea to practise infernal magic. In magic, Romans gave particular importance to the number “three” and the numbers that can be divided by three. Seneca also mentions these numbers. During the performance of the ritual by Medea, Hecate barks three times, a dragon with a trident tongue appears, and tripods play during the ritual. Medea sends to Creusa not two, as in Euripides’ tragedy, but three poisoned gifts: a robe, a necklace, and a crown. Seneca’s Medea makes a wreath to Hecate from nine snakes. Magical, hallucinogenic herbs play an important role in magic. Seneca, like Ovid in his Metamorphoses, describes Medea’s ritual whereby she prepares a magical blend of herbs to poison Creusa. Prometheus’ grass used by Medea is probably mandrake. However, Seneca, like Ovid, does not provide the exact names of the herbs used in magic. Some researchers argue that Seneca described the magic ritual in order to highlight Medea’s desire to control the environment. According to the author of the present article, this claim is only partially true. Magic was necessary for Medea not only to control the environment, but also to control herself. The magic ritual helped her to prepare herself for revenge by transforming her consciousness. With the help of magic her sorrow and pity were transformed into aggression, she overcame her fear and prepared herself to kill her children. Medea’s ritual can be described as the magic of the fight, because it allowed her to transform her consciousness into the

Family routines and rituals following separation: continuity and change

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bakker, W.; Karsten, L.; Mulder, C.H.

2015-01-01

Separation always changes family life. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the everyday practices of ‘doing family’ after separation. We focus on two central elements of family life: routines and rituals. While in most families both parents are involved in family routines and rituals, this

Searching for control: priming randomness increases the evaluation of ritual efficacy.

Science.gov (United States)

Legare, Cristine H; Souza, André L

2014-01-01

Reestablishing feelings of control after experiencing uncertainty has long been considered a fundamental motive for human behavior. We propose that rituals (i.e., socially stipulated, causally opaque practices) provide a means for coping with the aversive feelings associated with randomness due to the perception of a connection between ritual action and a desired outcome. Two experiments were conducted (one in Brazil [n = 40] and another in the United States [n = 94]) to evaluate how the perceived efficacy of rituals is affected by feelings of randomness. In a between-subjects design, the Scramble Sentence Task was used as a priming procedure in three conditions (i.e., randomness, negativity, and neutral) and participants were then asked to rate the efficacy of rituals used for problem-solving purposes. The results demonstrate that priming randomness increased participants' perception of ritual efficacy relative to negativity and neutral conditions. Implications for increasing our understanding of the relationship between perceived control and ritualistic behavior are discussed. Copyright © 2013 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Ritual Hari Raya Agama: Histeria Konsumsi Massa Dan Khotbah Industri Budaya

OpenAIRE

Lukmantoro, Triyono

2004-01-01

The purposes of religion ritual are embodying conscience collective in society to gain sacred values. But, Â ronically, in consumer society the religion ritual has been transformed to be means for excessive shopping on hysteria stage. More dramatically, television stations as motors of the culture industry to present religion spectacles use this momentum. It means that television pretends to celebrate the ritual, but in fact television only makes the largest profits.

The ontogenetic ritualization of bonobo gestures.

Science.gov (United States)

Halina, Marta; Rossano, Federico; Tomasello, Michael

2013-07-01

Great apes communicate with gestures in flexible ways. Based on several lines of evidence, Tomasello and colleagues have posited that many of these gestures are learned via ontogenetic ritualization-a process of mutual anticipation in which particular social behaviors come to function as intentional communicative signals. Recently, Byrne and colleagues have argued that all great ape gestures are basically innate. In the current study, for the first time, we attempted to observe the process of ontogenetic ritualization as it unfolds over time. We focused on one communicative function between bonobo mothers and infants: initiation of "carries" for joint travel. We observed 1,173 carries in ten mother-infant dyads. These were initiated by nine different gesture types, with mothers and infants using many different gestures in ways that reflected their different roles in the carry interaction. There was also a fair amount of variability among the different dyads, including one idiosyncratic gesture used by one infant. This gestural variation could not be attributed to sampling effects alone. These findings suggest that ontogenetic ritualization plays an important role in the origin of at least some great ape gestures.

Rediscovering the ritual technology of the placebo effect in analytical psychology.

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Goodwyn, Erik

2017-06-01

Technology, viewed more generally, is a collection of skills and methods that are used to accomplish an objective of some kind. Modernity has produced many kinds of ever-expanding new technologies, but it is also evident that technologies can be lost or fall out of use. A cross-cultural survey of ritual reveals a rather startling observation: that while developed nations often exceed other cultures in terms of material technology, they often pale by comparison in their use of ritual technology. In this essay we will see how ritual is a powerful sort of technology that developed nations have mostly allowed to drift out of regular, vigorous use, despite its numerous psychological and biological effects. This tendency has left one of the rituals we still have - psychotherapy itself - to be bereft of some of the typical tools for concretizing the symbolic in recurrent patterns around the world. Jung himself could be accused of being somewhat anti-ritual himself, enmeshed as he was in the post-Protestant, post-Enlightenment cultural environment that defines the West in many ways. But these under-utilized elements of ritual technology may be a natural fit for Jungian therapy due to its use of symbols. © 2017, The Society of Analytical Psychology.

Ritual Hari Raya Agama: Histeria Konsumsi Massa dan Khotbah Industri Budaya

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Triyono Lukmantoro

2013-11-01

Full Text Available The purposes of religion ritual are embodying conscience collective in society to gain sacred values. But,  ronically, in consumer society the religion ritual has been transformed to be means for excessive shopping on hysteria stage. More dramatically, television stations as motors of the culture industry to present religion spectacles use this momentum. It means that television pretends to celebrate the ritual, but in fact television only makes the largest profits.

Divina Moneta. Coins in Religion and Ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2017-01-01

This edited collection analyses the phenomenon of coin use for religious and ritual purposes in different cultures and across different periods of time. It proposes an engagement with the theory and interpretation of the ‘material turn’ with numismatic evidence, and an evidence-based series......, interdisciplinary discussions are organised around three themes: coin deposit and ritual practice, the coin as economic object and divine mediator, and the value and meaning of coin offering. Although focusing on the medieval period in Western Europe, the book includes instructive cases from the Roman period until...

Rituals between religion and politics: the case of VHP’s 2001-2002 Ayodhya-campaign

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Erik Reenberg Sand

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The present paper deals with rituals in a political discourse, namely the rituals employed by the right wing, Hindu nationalist movement, Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP, in its campaign for a Rama temple in the north Indian town of Ayodhya. As is probably well-known, VHP is part of a group of organizations known as the Sangh Parivar, or sangh family, which also includes the presently ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP, and the ultranationalistic organization Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, or RSS. The rituals of VHP are instruments of the construction of an ideal Hindu society and part of an encounter between Hindu-nationalist tenets and the secular, political establishment. However, the rituals employed by VHP can not be said to represent a separate ritual genre, since they are not different from similar, traditional Hindu rituals. What makes them different is their context and their motives, the fact that they do not serve ordinary material, eschatological, or soteriological aims, but rather political aims, as well as the fact that the ritual agents in this case do not seem to have a satisfactory juridical legitimacy to perform the rituals.

School Ritual as Performance: A Reconstruction of Durkheim's and Turner's Uses of Ritual.

Science.gov (United States)

Quantz, Richard A.

1999-01-01

Addresses the assumption that ritual performances are not as important in modern, secular, bureaucratic schools as they were in communal, sacred, tribal societies, reviving a concept forged in structuralism and redefining it as a performative text, thus taking advantage of certain poststructural insights while maintaining much of the power of its…

The Consumption of Democracy. The Ritual Politics of the Meal

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buch-Hansen, Gitte

2014-01-01

of rituals, suggesting that Butler’s Arendt-inspired idea of the “space of appearance” as the new political assembly should be replaced by the experience of intercorporeality. The fourth paper “The Politics of Ritual Memorial Design” questions the process of creating an anti-authoritarian place of collective...... and ceremonial alternatives, this paper will interrogate the framing notions in this contested memorial process with Butler, Mouffe, and Latour, and discuss how memorial sites may possibly serve as a frame and initiator for democratic ritual, and for whom. The fifth paper presents the findings of ethnographic...

Ritual Aspects of popular Politics in England (c. 1700-1830)

OpenAIRE

O'Gorman, F. (Frank)

2000-01-01

En este artículo el autor trata sobre de las discusiones teóricas actuales sobre el ritual político popular antes de emprender una breve revisión de su campo de estudio. Esto incluye un examen y una explicación de aquellos aspectos de las política popular, a las que las actividades rituales llegan a estar asociadas. Esto conduce hacia una discusión sobre el estado de la historiografía del ritual. Además este artículo analiza el contexto, tanto del calendario, como geográfico, e...

A multidisciplinary overview of intoxicating snuff rituals in the western hemisphere.

Science.gov (United States)

de Smet, P A

1985-03-01

Part one of the paper discusses ethnobotanical, chemical and general pharmacological aspects of intoxicating snuff rituals in the western hemisphere. Four categories of ritual snuff ingredients arise from this multidisciplinary approach: It is well established that the plant contains one or more psychoactive principles and the Indian use of the plant as a ritual snuff ingredient is confirmed or quite probable: Anadenanthera, Erythroxylum, Nicotiana, Virola; It is well established that the plant contains one or more psychoactive principles, but the Indian use of the plant as a ritual snuff ingredient is not well recorded or even unlikely: Banisteriopsis, Cannabis, Datura, Ilex guayusa; The Indian use of the plant as a ritual snuff ingredient is confirmed or quite probable, but it is not well established that the plant contains one or more psychoactive principles: Justicia pectoralis, Pagamea macrophylla, Tanaecium nocturnum; The Indian use of the plant as a ritual snuff ingredient is not well recorded, and it is not well established that the plant contains one or more psychoactive principles: Acorus calamus, Capsicum, Macquira sclerophylla, Piper interitum. Part two of the paper discusses the nasal pharmacokinetics and efficacy of possible ritual snuff constituents. The literature yields convincing clinical evidence that atropine, cocaine, nicotine and scopolamine are effective following nasal application, but experimental confirmation of the efficacy of nasal tryptamine alkaloids is still awaited. In self-experiments, 6.4 mg/kg of caffeine produced substantial plasma levels via the nasal route, but 0.5 mg/kg of harmine did not produce measurable plasma levels, when taken as a nasal powder. Without additional experiments, it is difficult to give a definite explanation for this negative result.

Quantifying collective effervescence: Heart-rate dynamics at a fire-walking ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Xygalatas, Dimitris; Konvalinka, Ivana; Roepstorff, Andreas

2011-01-01

Collective rituals are ubiquitous and resilient features of all known human cultures. They are also functionally opaque, costly, and sometimes dangerous. Social scientists have speculated that collective rituals generate benefits in excess of their costs by reinforcing social bonding and group...... solidarity, yet quantitative evidence for these conjectures is scarce. Our recent study measured the physiological effects of a highly arousing Spanish fire-walking ritual, revealing shared patterns in heart-rate dynamics between participants and related spectators. We briefly describe our results...

WAHHABISM, IDENTITY AND SECULAR RITUAL: Graduation at an Indonesian High School

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Inayah Rohmaniyah

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This paper concerns the social and ritual construction of social identities at Pondok Pesantren Madrasah Wathoniyah Islamiyah (PPMWI, a theologically Wahhabi oriented pesantren (traditional Islamic school in Central Java, Indonesia. We focus on the inter-play of religious and secular symbols in the school’s graduation ceremonies (wisuda for secondary school students and the ways it contributes to the construction of individual and social identities. Our analysis builds on Turner’s studies of the processual logic of rites of passage, Moore and Meyerhoff’s distinction between religious and secular ritual and Tambiah’s application of the Piercian concept of indexical symbols to the analysis of ritual. Theoretically we will be concerned with ritual, cognitive and social processes involved in the construction of religious identities. Empirically, we critique the common assumption that Salafi, and more specifically, Wahhabi, religious teachings contribute to the construction of exclusivist identities, social conflict and violence. In the case we are concerned with, religious tolerance and non-violence are among the defining features of Wahhabi identity.[Tulisan membahas konstruksi identitas ritual dan sosial pada sebuah pesantren yang berorientasi teologi Wahhabi, yaitu Pondok Pesantren Madrasah Wathoniyah Islamiyah (PPMWI. Diskusi akan difokuskan pada saling silang simbol-simbol agama dan sekuler dalam peringatan wisuda siswa menengah pertama serta signifikansinya dalam konstruksi identitas sosial dan individual. Analisis tulisan ini berdasarkan studi Turner mengenai logika proses dalam daur ritus (the processual logic of rites of passage, pembagian ritual agama dan sekuler oleh Moore dan Meyerhoff serta konsep Piercian mengenai indek simbolis dalam ritual oleh Tambiah. Secara teoritis, artikel ini akan mendiskusikan ritual, kognisi, dan proses sosial yang menjadi bagian dalam konstruksi identitas agama. Selain itu, penulis juga melakukan

Media and identification processes: a ritual and dramatic construction

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Salomé Sola-Morales

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The present theoretical paper analyzes the way mediatic communication construct identifications. The thesis proposed is that the media configure ritually and dramatically identifications made by individuals and groups. First of all, we show the limitations of the concept of “identity” and we propose to use “identification” instead. Second, we explore the extent of social drama theory and role theory and we open it to new theoretical challenges and perspectives. Thirdly, it is shown that the concept of "ritual" is very useful to understand and interpret the identity construction through the media. All this leads us to conclude that both the theatricality and rituality are key to understanding the processes of identification that individuals and groups make in relation to the media.

Menstrual taboos among Havik Brahmin women: a study of ritual change.

Science.gov (United States)

Ullrich, H E

1992-01-01

Field work among the Havik Brahmins in a 1 village in the Malnad area of Karnataka State, South India provides some understanding of menstrual practices in 1964, 1985, and 1987. Changes in the pollution and purity rituals which were part of their belief system lead to the replacement of religious ritual with hygiene. Women's status reflected in the change from a subordinate one with a menstrual taboos to a more urbanized one with educational opportunities and economic independence. Ethnographic background is provide on social organization, education, women's professions, ritual organization, and the reasons for change. Menstrual beliefs and practices, reproductive beliefs, menarche, and the significance of rituals are also described for 1966 and 1987. The Havik Brahmin have a patrilocal, patrilineal, and patriarchal society with joint family practices. The ideal of a nuclear family was still not predominately attained even in 1987 with 14 nuclear families out of 32 families or in 1964 with 12 out of 28. Women in 1964 supported their husbands, were not included in decision making and had little contact with the outside world. Higher education is still secondary to marriage, and frequently women spend time in college while kin seek a suitable groom. Women 40 years had primarily a 7th grade education, while only 3 40 years did not have at least a high school education. Employment now enhances a woman's marital options. Fathers still view security for their daughters in marriage. Women's religious involvement is restricted to 1 service and they are prohibited from learning sacred Vedic prayers. The village structure is based on castes, residential sites, and ritual statuses. Havik Brahmins are the highest status and their men have a ritual status of purity (maDi) or neutrality, while women during menses become polluted (muTTuceTtu). The rationale for change is the opinion that decreased ritual observance is essential to economic viability, and there are cheating rules

A Theory of Ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Jørgen Podemann

2008-01-01

Et forsøg på at forene teorier om myte og ritual, teorier om offer og teorier om liminalitet i en overordnet teori. Dens anvendelighed søges demonstreret med særligt henblik på antikkens religionshistorie. Bl.a. behandles Attismyten og Kybelekulten, det græske slagtoffer (Vernant), det delfiske o...

Transformative Rituals in Construction Megaprojects

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Ende, A.L.; van Marrewijk, A.H.

2014-01-01

To manage the project life cycle and facilitate transitions, Project Management (PM) research often points to temporal models and structuring devices. However, the social and symbolic facet of transitions in projects remains understudied. Therefore, this research focuses on the ritualization of

Health-related religious rituals of the Greek Orthodox Church: their uptake and meanings.

Science.gov (United States)

Fouka, Georgia; Plakas, Sotirios; Taket, Ann; Boudioni, Markella; Dandoulakis, Michael

2012-12-01

To examine the uptake of religious rituals of the Greek Orthodox Church by relatives of patients in critical condition in Greece and to explore their symbolic representations and spiritual meanings. Patients and their relatives want to be treated with respect and be supported for their beliefs, practices, customs and rituals. However nurses may not be ready to meet the spiritual needs of relatives of patients, while the health-related religious beliefs, practices and rituals of the Greek Orthodox Christian denomination have not been explored. This study was part of a large study encompassing 19 interviews with 25 informants, relatives of patients in intensive care units of three large hospitals in Athens, Greece, between 2000 and 2005. In this paper data were derived from personal accounts of religious rituals given by six participants. Relatives used a series of religious rituals, namely blessed oil and holy water, use of relics of saints, holy icons, offering names for pleas and pilgrimage. Through the rituals, relatives experience a sense of connectedness with the divine and use the sacred powers to promote healing of their patients. Nurse managers should recognize, respect and facilitate the expression of spirituality through the practice of religious rituals by patients and their relatives. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Ritual, tiempo y espacio sagrado en el budismo zen argentino

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Catón Eduardo Carini

2010-07-01

Full Text Available El budismo zen es una religión oriental que desde hace varias décadas se ha esparcido en numerosos países occidentales, incluido la Argentina. Una característica notable de su vida comunitaria es la compleja ritualización de sus prácticas cotidianas. En nuestra aproximación a la dimensión ritual del zen indagaremos la forma en que ésta contribuye a crear un tiempo y un espacio sagrado y observaremos cómo estas prácticas son consideradas por los propios miembros del grupo como un recurso pedagógico que posibilita entrenarse en una diferente manera de estar en el mundo, de vivirse y percibirse tanto a ellos mismos como a los demás. De modo que algunos elementos del complejo ritual zen juegan un rol de primera importancia como una tecnología del ser.Zen Buddhism is an oriental religion that since several decades has expanded in various western countries, Argentina being one of them. The complex ritualization of its everyday practices is a considerable characteristic of Zen Buddhist community life. In our exploration of the ritual dimension of Zen, first we will investigate how this contributes to the creation of a sacred time and place. After this, we will show how ritual practices are considered a pedagogic recourse by group members; a means to make possible their training of a different way of being in the world, of experimenting, living and perceiving both themselves and others in a different way. Some elements of the often complex Zen ritual play a highly important part as technologies of the self.

Género y Ritual entre los Otomíes de Guanajuato Género y Ritual entre los Otomíes de Guanajuato

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Jorge Uzeta Iturbide

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo propone que el sistema ritual indígena regula el impacto de los cambios sociales que vive actualmente la Congregación otomí de San Ildefonso de Cieneguilla, municipio de Tierra Blanca, Guanajuato. Mediante los símbolos y rituales del sistema señalado se presenta la imagen de un orden social ideal, una mitificación de las relaciones sociales en la que mujeres y hombres encuentran posiciones definidas. Con ello se genera un sentido de continuidad por sobre las diferencias creadas en el mercado laboral, contribuyendo así a perfilar el carácter de la Congregación como actor político.This work proposes, that the indigenous ritual system regulates the social impact changes lived nowdays on the Otomi Congregation, from San Ildefonso de Cieneguilla Tierra Blanca municipality in Guanajuato, Mexico. Through symbols and rituals of the previously mentioned system, the image of an ideal social order is presented, a mythification of the social relations in which women and men find defined positions. This generates a sense of continuity over the differences created on the labor market, contributing to profile the Congregation’s character as a political actor.

The comparative and functional analysis of myth and ritual as constituent parts of a mythoritual religious

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Ivan Davydov

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The author treats the problem of ritual studies as relevant to the study of religion. Mytho-ritual is a relatively new concept, unfamiliar to many specialists. The author tries to define this concept, trace its origin and essential characteristics, and finally, on the basis of all this, posit a link uniting myth and ritual. Importance is given to the functional analysis of ritual, highlighting the essential role of ritual and rite. The theories of the Bielefeld and Moscow schools, the theory of V. N. Toporov regarding religious ritual, and those regarding ritual and rite proposed by A. K. Baiburin and K. S. Saringulyan are examined. The author then proceeds to an analysis of the functions of myth and examines the theories of M. Eliade and the Cambridge School. Finally the author compares the various functions of myth and ritual and fi nds that the number of actual functions of myth proposed by Russian and foreign experts, sociologists, ethnologists and folklorists, is rather small and closer in number to that of the functions of religion rather than of ritual. The author enumerates 36 functions of ritual as compared to only 12 functions of myth and 24 functions of religion

Ritual uses of palms in traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa: a review

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gruca, Marta; van Andel, Tinde; Balslev, Henrik

2014-01-01

Palms (Arecaceae) are prominent elements in African traditional medicines. It is, however, a challenge to find detailed information on the ritual use of palms, which are an inextricable part of African medicinal and spiritual systems. This work reviews ritual uses of palms within African ethnomed......Palms (Arecaceae) are prominent elements in African traditional medicines. It is, however, a challenge to find detailed information on the ritual use of palms, which are an inextricable part of African medicinal and spiritual systems. This work reviews ritual uses of palms within African...... guineensis, Hyphaene coriacea, H. petersiana, Phoenix reclinata, Raphia farinifera, R. hookeri, and R. vinifera. In some rituals, palms play a central role as sacred objects, for example the seeds accompany oracles and palm leaves are used in offerings. In other cases, palms are added as a support to other...

Ritual in Unity Dow's Far And Beyon | Kgafela-Mokoka | Marang ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This reinforces the article's argument that the violation of sexual mores leads to HIV and AIDS, and to death. The article also examines Dow's prejudice against rituals and the idea that adherence to cultural and religious sexual mores, and not ritual performance, is the solution to the problem of early deaths in the novel.

The Body Divine: Tantric Śaivite Ritual Practices in the Svacchandatantra and Its Commentary

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Simone McCarter

2014-08-01

Full Text Available This work examines ritual, cosmology, and divinization as articulated in select passages of the Svacchandatantra and its commentary by the late tenth century non-dual theologian, Kṣemarāja. Both the Svacchandatantra and its commentary prescribe the worship of the deity Svacchandabhairava, a form of Śiva, and his consort Aghoreśvarī. Drawing on Gavin Flood’s notion of entextualization, I examine how the rituals described seek to inscribe the corporeal body so that the practitioner is made part of the larger Tantric body and tradition. This present study serves to illustrate the formulation of a Tantric body in the rituals prescribed in the Svacchandatantra and commentary and to extend the theory of entextualization to include the ritual environment. I argue that a Tantric Śaivite religious identity is formulated through rituals which seek to create linkages between the cosmos, the body, and by extension, the ritual environment.

Ritual Change in a Turkish Alevi Village

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Thomas McElwain

1993-01-01

Full Text Available This study is a documentation and analysis of change in ritual in the village of Sarilar, on the west bank of the Euphrates River near Yavuseli, Gaziantep. The research problem posed was identification of ritual change within the consultants' memory and some tentative ways of situating such change within the socio-economic context. The mysticism of the dervish lodge remains as a certain life attitude along with the new views of modernization that have been so well inculcated. Although modernization, at least in the Turkish Alevi context, tends to conflict with the mystical experience of the Bektashi dervish in some areas, a democratized inner core remains.

Extreme Rituals as Social Technologies

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fischer, Ronald; Xygalatas, Dimitris

2014-01-01

We often think of pain as intrinsically bad, and the avoidance of pain is a fundamental evolutionary drive of all species. How can we then explain widespread cultural prac- tices like certain rituals that involve the voluntary infliction of physical pain? In this paper, we argue that inflicting...

A week of Danjiki (Buddhist fasting ritual) on cardiometabolic health: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Tanaka, Hirofumi; Tomoto, Tsubasa; Sugawara, Jun

2016-09-01

Danjiki is an ascetic traditional fasting ritual in the Japanese Buddhism training. Here we present a case of a 48-year-old man who underwent a 1-week-long Danjiki fasting ritual in a remote Buddhist temple. The daily ritual consisted of waking up at 3:30 am, hiking strenuously in the steep mountains followed by meditations on the rocks, focused calligraphy of religious drawings and documents, recital of Buddhist prayer chanting, and standing under waterfalls while reciting prayers. He was allowed to drink water ad libitum and a cup of carrot juice a day. After a week of the Danjiki ritual, his body weight decreased by 5 kg. Resting metabolic rate did not change. Fasting blood glucose did not change but plasma triglyceride decreased 35 %. There were no changes in blood pressure. Arterial stiffness increased 15-25 % and endothelium-dependent vasodilation decreased 5 %. These results indicate that the Danjiki ritual produced significant weight loss but unexpectedly reduced vascular functions.

Ritual y poder en los centros budistas zen argentinos

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Catón Eduardo Carini

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Resumen El presente artículo es un estudio de los grupos budistas zen argentinos desde la perspectiva de la antropología política. El objetivo es, en primer lugar, explorar las distintas posiciones sociales que los miembros pueden ocupar al interior de un grupo zen y los sistemas nativos de clasificación social, es decir, las categorías que nombran y crean distinciones rituales. En segundo lugar, analizar la estructura de autoridad y de poder al interior de una comunidad zen, indagando los vínculos entre el sistema ritual de posiciones sociales y la distribución del poder y la autoridad. La investigación etnográfica se efectuó siguiendo una metodología cualitativa, que incluyó la observación participante en los encuentros que los centros zen organizan periódicamente y la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas e historias de vida a sus miembros. Las conclusiones giran en torno a la importancia del ritual para la vida política de la comunidad, y la centralización del poder en la figura del maestro zen mediante la particular dinámica que evidencia la estructura de autoridad. Palabras clave: Argentina; Budismo zen; Política; Poder. Abstract The present anthropological study takes a political approach to the Argentinean Zen Buddhism groups. The first objective is to explore the variety of native social classification systems, that is to say the categories naming and creating rituals. Secondly, we try to analyze the authority and power system within a Zen community, investigating the relation between the ritual system of social positions and the distribution of power and authority. This article is based on qualitative research, which included periodic participant observation in gatherings organized by the Zen Buddhism centres and semistructured interviews with and life histories of their members. The conclusions focus on the importance of ritual for the community’s political life, and the centralization of power in the

Ritual and reconciliation in Mozambique: Culture as a mediator in wartime experiences

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Ilundi Cabral

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Based on Mozambique’s post-independence armed conflict (1976-1992, this paper examines several issues linked with culture’s role as a mediator in the experience of war and post-war, paying particular attention to spiritual purification rituals. The author argues that these rituals played an important role in the process of the rehabilitation, reintegration and social reconciliation of combatants returning from the war, as well as for Mozambique’s societies in general. The paper also explores the potentials and limitations of these rituals.

Contribution to the study of the narrative code of calendar verbal rituals, on the basis of verbal code of ritual and customary complex "vodici" in Macedonia

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Joanna Rękas

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The primary objective of the study is to find and describe the narrative code of calendar verbal rituals, defined as an unalienable word of the living present. The term narrative code determines a system of rules that has a crucial impact on defining the principles of selecting and combining the elements of the story, i.e. heroes, space, time and plot. The sources for the analysis are verbal rituals excerpted from the ritual and customary practice Vodice (epiphany in Macedonia. The analysis demonstrated a strong dependence of intratextual narration (i.e. the story creating a work of verbal folklore on extratextual narration (social and religious. Using the following theories: 1. the memory of religious groups (Maurice Halbawchs, 2. collective and cultural memory (Assmann Jan, Astrid Erll and 3. commemorative ceremonies (Paul Connerton, has shown how the foundational scenes of extratextual social (change in status and religious (defined role in the festivities narration are present in the ritual and customary practice of the Feast of Epiphany.

Fostering Social Relationships through Food Rituals in a New Zealand School

Science.gov (United States)

Neely, Eva; Walton, Mat; Stephens, Christine

2016-01-01

Purpose: Food practices, including associated routines, rituals, and habits, are an unexplored area in school health promotion. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap through exploring how food rituals act as vehicles for young people to establish, maintain, and strengthen social relationships. Design/methodology/approach: Through an…

Affectivity and Liminality in Ritualized Protest

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomassen, Bjørn; Scott Georgsen, Mie

2017-01-01

This article takes departure from recent events in Kiev, Ukraine. The empirical material builds on interviews and informal talks with young protesters, made online or on location during spring 2014. We argue that the uprisings – some call it a revolution – involve all essential features of limina......This article takes departure from recent events in Kiev, Ukraine. The empirical material builds on interviews and informal talks with young protesters, made online or on location during spring 2014. We argue that the uprisings – some call it a revolution – involve all essential features...... in ritualized action, unified by confronting the same essential dangers. Engaging this social drama we further wish to discuss how affectivity plays a central role in the ritualization of protest – and that subjectivity and affectivity, as relatively unformed potentials, bring qualities of heightened...

The complementary nature of poetic and musical systems in ritual visits to households

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Zakić Mirjana

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Analysis of poetic texts of the ritual - processions (koledari, lazarice kraljice in Southeastern Serbia has proved that poetical systems facilitate the differentiation at all levels of semantic relations connected to ritual practice: from denotatum (the current, real objects to which the individual ritual acts refers, specific designatum (mutual concept of given ritual marked with existing denotata, to universal designata (general concept of all rituals, marked with specific designata and content denotata. However with the frequent absence of indexic references (refrains, specific frames and lexemes, poetic texts have become universal in the denotation area of the general idea of fertility among all rituals, and the possibility of fragmentation/ analysis and reality segmentation, which derive from the high communication potential of the verbal system, which contributes towards making key connections with denotata on the syntagmatic plan of the ritual process. In contrast with that, musical texts (as articulated entities or music 'gestalts' are always contextualized and ritually recognizable on a paradigmatic level. In this article the differentiation of poetic and music informative values are stressed: semantic (under which meaning, the presence of objects in the text as a sign, is considered and numeric (which assigns a numerical quantity of innovation in the text. In a semantic sense, the musical message (in relation to the idea of the ritual and poetic message (according to a concrete object and possibly the idea of the given ritual are highly informative. In a numerical sense, again, the values of this message are different. The musical message, at the level of the initial model (starting pattern holds a highly informative value relating to extramusical concept (designatum. However, its numerical informative value is rapidly reduced by model repetition in further melostrophic appearances. A different principle is at stake when it comes to

Student Evaluations as Social Ritual.

Science.gov (United States)

Whittington, Harold

The practice of student evaluation of college faculty is discussed in terms of the literature on social ritual. The following arguments that critics have raised are considered: student ratings of professors are neither scientific nor objective; feedback needed by professors to improve the quality of their work and data needed by administrators to…

The ritualization of rehabilitation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, Tine; Hansen, Helle Ploug

2013-01-01

There is widespread and increasing political interest in devising plans to support people who have or have had cancer to recover and recommence 'normal' lives. Educating cancer patients for this purpose is a central element in cancer rehabilitation in both Europe and the United States. One of the...... highlight the significance of the ritual site, its aesthetics, its exaggerations, and the social and temporal organization of the program....

New Challenges for Islamic Ritual Slaughter: A European Perspective

OpenAIRE

Bergeaud-Blackler, Florence

2007-01-01

International audience; The production and consumption of halal meat products, i.e. deriving from Islamic ritual slaughter, has have grown steadily over the last 15 years. Today the global halal market is estimated at US $150 billion per year. In this paper, I describe the main steps in the integration of ‘“Muslim ritual slaughter” ' into the national legislation of Western European countries, and I present an analysis of the economic and political issues involved. Once the subject of dispute...

Bioethics and the rituals of media.

Science.gov (United States)

Simonson, Peter

2002-01-01

Popular media may make short shrift of complex ideas and moral deliberations, but it can also serve bioethics well. Bioethics should embrace the ritual function of the media in bringing issues to public attention and in reinforcing bioethics as a field.

Classic Maya Bloodletting and the Cultural Evolution of Religious Rituals: Quantifying Patterns of Variation in Hieroglyphic Texts

Science.gov (United States)

Munson, Jessica; Amati, Viviana; Collard, Mark; Macri, Martha J.

2014-01-01

Religious rituals that are painful or highly stressful are hypothesized to be costly signs of commitment essential for the evolution of complex society. Yet few studies have investigated how such extreme ritual practices were culturally transmitted in past societies. Here, we report the first study to analyze temporal and spatial variation in bloodletting rituals recorded in Classic Maya (ca. 250–900 CE) hieroglyphic texts. We also identify the sociopolitical contexts most closely associated with these ancient recorded rituals. Sampling an extensive record of 2,480 hieroglyphic texts, this study identifies every recorded instance of the logographic sign for the word ch’ahb’ that is associated with ritual bloodletting. We show that documented rituals exhibit low frequency whose occurrence cannot be predicted by spatial location. Conversely, network ties better capture the distribution of bloodletting rituals across the southern Maya region. Our results indicate that bloodletting rituals by Maya nobles were not uniformly recorded, but were typically documented in association with antagonistic statements and may have signaled royal commitments among connected polities. PMID:25254359

Generative Ritual among Nonmetropolitan Lesbians and Gay Men: Promoting Social Inclusion

Science.gov (United States)

Oswald, Ramona Faith; Masciadrelli, Brian P.

2008-01-01

Generativity is typically studied as a normative adult inclination expressed through social roles (D.P. McAdams & E. de St. Aubin, 1992). We extend this research by examining generativity through the lenses of social marginality and ritual. Toward this end, we utilize in-depth interview and observational data about family rituals from 49…

The Devolution of a Sonic Community Ritual

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Robin Daniel Z. Rivera

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This paper will deal with the changing soundscape of a particular community in the University of the Philippines Diliman Campus, focusing on the weekly Monday morning flag raising ceremony. The paper will compare how it was celebrated in the past, using earwitness accounts, to how it has been rendered more recently based on a soundscape recording taken in February of 2013. As ritual, flag-raising has devolved over the years. This can be traced to the increase in the level of keynote sounds in and around the campus, the malfunctioning and lack of coordination in the use of the sound devices deployed in the original ritual, and the changes in the soundscapes that index the campus community.

Elixir of Empire: The English Public Schools, Ritualism, Freemasonry, and Imperialism.

Science.gov (United States)

Rich, P. J.

In order to understand the British Empire, one must understand the British public school and its rituals. The 19th century saw an expansion in the public schools, which seized the opportunity to prepare boys for service in the Empire. The schools developed an elaborate systems of totems and talismans. Their rituals were reenacted all over the…

The Satanic Ritual Abuse Controversy.

Science.gov (United States)

Putnam, Frank W.

1991-01-01

The issues raised by Jonker and Jonker-Bakker and Young et al (EC 601 187-188) illustrate a major controversy dividing the child abuse community, the alleged existence of a conspiracy of satanic, ritual, sexual abuse of children. No evidence is found to support claims that large numbers of babies and children are being sacrificed or abused in…

Ritual failure in Romans 6

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2016-08-05

Aug 5, 2016 ... ISSN: (Online) 2072-8050, (Print) 0259-9422. Page 1 of ... understanding of Romans 6:1–14,2 where Paul develops his argument from an initial thesis statement ..... See Yarbro Collins (1989:42): 'Romans 6:1–14 the ritual of baptism is explicitly ..... his gospel of grace as antinomianism (Ferguson 2009:156;.

Female genital interventions: Between the plastic surgeon’s scalpel and the ritual knife

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La Barbera, MariaCaterina

2010-12-01

Full Text Available While enormous and growing sums of money are spent each year in genital cosmetic surgeries, ritual female genital interventions increasingly meet strong political and social opposition. Which interpretative models have been adopted to define some interventions as “cosmetic” and the others as “criminal”? Is there a colonialist attitude implicit in banning ritual female genital interventions? This appear to be the case after a joint examination of the health risks associated with the breast implant, the symbolic meanings of the ritual interventions, the strategic reinvention of traditional practices, and the use of the binomy health/pathology as a “controlling process”. This paper challenges the assumption that who is exposed to the plastic surgeon’s scalpel enjoys freedom and autonomy in an oppression-free society, while who is subjected to the ritual knife is a passive victim of traditional patriarchal societies.

Mientras se gastan cifras enormes y cada año crecientes en intervenciones quirúrgicas que modifican los órganos sexuales, las intervenciones rituales sobre los genitales femeninos encuentran una oposición política y social cada vez más fuerte. ¿Cuáles son los modelos interpretativos adoptados para definir como estéticas a unas y criminales a las otras? ¿Existe una actitud colonialista implícita en la condena de las intervenciones rituales sobre los genitales femeninos? Este parece ser el caso cuando se examinan conjuntamente los daños para la salud derivados del implante mamario, los significados simbólicos de las intervenciones rituales, la reinvención estratégica de las prácticas tradicionales y el uso del binomio salud/patología como “proceso de control”. Este artículo propone cuestionar la idea de que quien se somete al bisturí del cirujano plástico disfruta de libertad y autonomía en una sociedad libre de opresión, mientras que quien se expone al cuchillo ritual es víctima pasiva de

Ritual Decapitation in Mesoamerica

OpenAIRE

Baudiš, Adam

2016-01-01

This master's thesis deals with sacrifice by decapitation. Its goal is to describe systematicaly this phenomenon which was widely practiced in the Mesoamerican area. To accomplish this there were firstly introduced the main interpretation lines of human sacrifice. The importance of maize for the Mesoamerican culture was described in the next chapter. The third part of this thesis introduces some Aztec festivities which are connected with ritual decapitation in Sahagún's Historia general. Then...

Belief Based Rituals And Their Relevance Towards Comprehensive Epilepsy Management

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Dhanaraj M

2004-01-01

Full Text Available One hundred consecutive adults with epilepsy attending the outpatient clinic for the first time were interviewed to find out the various belief-based rituals practiced by them for the control of epilepsy. They were compared with a control group consisting an equal number of patients with chronic daily headache. The various rituals practiced by them were 1. Exorcism to expel the demon in 22% of the study and 4% of the control group (p value < 0.00015. 2. Tying "Thayathu" around neck, loin or arm in 29% of the study and 10% of the control group(p value <0.00069, 3. wearing "Kappu" (a metal ring around wrist in 13% of the study group and none in the control group and 4. Tying "Holi thread" around wrist, neck or loin in 22% of the study group and 10% of the control group(p value>0.021. Any one of the above rituals was performed by 51% of the study group and 17% of the control group (p value <0.0001. Most of the patients who practiced the rituals were from suburban towns and rural areas. The mean delay in seeking medical treatment for epilepsy was 26 months among those who performed rituals and 19 months in the rest. During the ictal phase of the seizure, iron made objects such as key, chain, a rod or pipe was thrust into the hand of 80% of patients by a bystander or a relative for the control of convulsion, without providing first aid. The importance of epilepsy awareness programmes for the rural and suburban community as well as health professionals is stressed.

Rituales dionisiacos: asaltos a la negación.

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María Cecilia Salas.

1999-01-01

Full Text Available La relación ambigua que se da en Occidente entre la razón y el ritual se inaugura desde el antiguo mundo griego. Los rituales dionisiacos, el de las Tesmoforias y las fiestas de Adonis, constituyen tres maneras de saltar de los símbolos de la negación propios del naciente logos. Se trata de festividades en las que acontecen enormes dimensiones que en la cotidianidad están cubiertas por el manto oscuro de la razón. Hoy diríamos que algo de la enunciación y del ser se ponen en juego en la marginalidad de estos ritos. Queda suspendida a través de este texto la pregunta por el fenómeno de la prostitución como asunto solidario de tales formas rituales de enunciación: la prostituta tal vez como una pálida verdad que recorre los márgenes de los símbolos de la negación, como una instancia donde el culto orgiástico dionisiaco deviene en una mueca triste y cansada o como una mujer que vende una fallida orgía.

Kulpuja: A Ritual and Behavior of Magar

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Prakash Prasad Sapkota

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Human beings take themselves superior for having the capacity of development of culture to their environment for survival. From the beginning of civilization, people prepared, accumulated the knowledge and preserved it as a form of culture. Culture is the body of thought and knowledge both theoretical and practical, which only man can possess. It is the sum total of achievements which develops traits by traits. Among them kulpuja ritual is one of the central traits. In this paper, I explore why rituals like kulpuja are celebrated and what relation they have with the behavior of the indigenous people—the Magars of Langaun of Baglung district, western Nepal. The research was carried out by using descriptive and explanatory research design. Participant observation, group discussion and key informant interview were carried out to collect the primary data. The Magars are rich in their ritual activities; among them kulpuja is the most important one. Like other castes and many ethnic groups of the world, the Magars of Langaun also sacrifice and offer chicken and black pig’s heart for their ancestral god. They believe on supreme power which is able for the termination of the evil eyes as well as other obstacles and illness by the happiness of their ancestral god. The offering of a live heart is a unique feature which is carried out emotionally. The rate of generation gap is clearly seen between the members of Magars. The elders are worried about the increasing rate of dependency in their offspring and feel how the children are able to survive within their environment. The importance of this ritual bind among the members of the community is deteriorating continuously in the name of modernization in younger members of the community.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v5i0.6366 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 5, 2011: 235-46 

Ritual, Power and Historical Perspective: Baptism and Name-giving in Lithuania and Latvia

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Rasa Paukštytė-Šaknienė

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Power in our life can certainly be expressed in a variety of ways. One of them is power transmission through life cycle rituals. Soviet rule denied “religious traditions” and tried to form a new atheistic communist culture (and traditions. The new rituals were expected to replace older religious rites because communist morality and socialist internationalism was expected to overpower bourgeois nationalism. As indicated by scholars investigating into Soviet rituals and by my fieldwork data collected in 1999 in Northeast Lithuania and in 1998 in Southeast Latvia, the mission of creating communist traditions has not always been successful. I shall try to examine this process in my article by analysing the cases of “traditional” baptism as well as the phenomenon of the so-called “modern” name-giving ritual in Latvia and Lithuania.

Ritual, Power and Historical Perspective: Baptism and Name-giving in Lithuania and Latvia

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Rasa Paukštytė-Šaknienė

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Power in our life can certainly be expressed in a variety of ways. One of them is power transmission through life cycle rituals. Soviet rule denied “religious traditions” and tried to form a new atheistic communist culture (and traditions. The new rituals were expected to replace older religious rites because communist morality and socialist internationalism was expected to overpower bourgeois nationalism. As indicated by scholars investigating into Soviet rituals and by my fieldwork data collected in 1999 in Northeast Lithuania and in 1998 in Southeast Latvia, the mission of creating communist traditions has not always been successful. I shall try to examine this process in my article by analysing the cases of “traditional” baptism as well as the phenomenon of the so-called “modern” name-giving ritual in Latvia and Lithuania.

IBADAH RITUAL DALAM MENANAMKAN AKHLAK REMAJA

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Kastolani Kastolani

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article explained what was viewed as ritual worship; pray  and fasting to embed noble character. The purpose of worship in Islam are: (a to strengthen belief and dedication to Allah; (b to strengthen character, disciplining personality and his role as the agent trusted by  Allah on  earth;  (c to strengthen  friend ship  and affection among  Muslim;  (d to train spiritual and moral. Character occupies crucial role in human’s life, as individual as well as society member. It is because the fall and raise of the nation depends on how its society character.  The  whole  of  worship  system  in  Islam  has  close  relation  with  character founding  and  the  performance  of  ritual  worship  influences  noble  character,  because  good worship performance without having noble character will not useful.

AHP 5: A Tibetan Girl's Hair Changing Ritual

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Tshe dpal rdo rje ཚེ་དཔལ་རྡོ་རྗེ།

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This is a remarkably careful study of a little known Tibetan coming-of-age ritual as still practiced in rural Amdo, Qinghai Province, China. Structural analysis is complemented by a case study based on observations, interviews, recordings, and authentic folklore material in the original language. Pictures, tables, and a glossary complete the work. This is field anthropology at its best. Juha Janhunen, Professor of East Asian Languages and Cultures, University of Helsinki The achievements of this book are many: it is analytically rigorous, rich in contextualized detail, and fascinating in subject matter. The authors' diverse backgrounds and strengths are manifested throughout this truly collaborative work which follows a major rite of passage in the life of a thirteen year-old Tibetan girl. For all scholars of Tibetan culture and society, and for any student of ethnography interested in learning how to thoroughly document a ritual, this book will be of great interest and lasting use. Mark Turin Director, Digital Himalaya Project & World Oral Literature Project, University of Cambridge This is an important contribution to Tibetan ethnography. The study is based on careful fieldwork, analysis, introduction, and translation of relevant myths and literary compositions, and comprehensive description of core components of Tibetan community life. The value of the work is that the study of a distinctively Tibetan women's ritual is accurately and fully presented in its own context. It is a unique record of an endangered tradition. Paul K Nietupski, John Carroll University This study has great value in examining in detail the coming-of-age ritual of girls in a single Tibetan village, thus providing a window through which to better view and understand community-based life, which is soon to change in the face of China-wide modernization. Huadan Zhaxi, Humbolt University

Os rituais de passagem segundo adolescentes Los rituales de pasaje según adolescentes Passage rituals according to adolescents

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José Roberto da Silva Brêtas

2008-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar as impressões de adolescentes acerca do que poderia representar um ritual de passagem. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo realizado junto a 751 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, entre 12 e 20 anos, que freqüentavam três escolas públicas do ensino fundamental e médio da região de Santo Eduardo do município de Embu, São Paulo. RESULTADOS: Após análise de conteúdo desvelamos as categorias: mudanças físicas; mudanças psicológicas (subcategorias: responsabilidade, experiências, conflitos; mudanças sociais (subcategorias: identidade social, corpo social, inter-relacionamentos; comportamento sexual (subcategorias: interesse sexual, intercurso sexual; fatos traumáticos (subcategorias: sentimento de perda, luto pela infância perdida; independência. CONCLUSÃO: Os rituais de passagem relacionam-se diretamente com a mudança corporal, produto do adolescer, sendo ocorrências marcantes e significativas na vida do individuo.OBJETIVO: Identificar las impresiones de adolescentes respecto a lo que podría representar un ritual de pasaje. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo realizado con 751 adolescentes de ambos sexos, entre 12 y 20 años, que frecuentaban tres escuelas públicas de enseñanza primaria y secundaria de la región de San Eduardo del municipio de Embu, Sao Paulo. RESULTADOS: Después del análisis de contenido develamos las categorías: cambios físicos; cambios psicológicos (subcategorías: responsabilidad, experiencias, conflictos; cambios sociales (subcategorías: identidad social, cuerpo social, interrelaciones; comportamiento sexual (subcategorías: interés sexual, intercurso sexual; hechos traumáticos (subcategorías: sentimiento de pérdida, duelo por la infancia perdida; independencia. CONCLUSIÓN: Los rituales de pasaje se relacionan directamente con el cambio corporal, producto del adolecer, siendo ocurrencias que dejan huellas y que son significativas en la vida del individuo.OBJECTIVE: To identify

The effectiveness of embodied symbols. The case of a Danish healing ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ostenfeld-Rosenthal, Ann

2010-01-01

images of body and self work to transform the patient during a healing ritual; to develop an understanding of the process of a bodily founded symbolic ‘re-editing’ of body- and self-image, which it is argued is a fundamental art in any healing ritual. Furthermore, I will argue that a charismatic shaman...

RITUAL AND IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION IN NIGERIAN IGBO ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

NGOZI

Against this background, video films that showcase the language and social attitudes of the Igbo people are seen ... Ritual and Identity Construction in Nigerian Igbo Video Films: A Call for policy .... emphasis on certain themes, the mass media.

Film Remakes as Ritual and Disguise

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zanger, Anat

2006-01-01

The first book-length account of the symbolic chains that link remakes and explain their disguises, Film Remakes as Rituals and Disguise is also the first book to explore how and why these stories are told. Anat Zanger focuses on contemporary retellings of three particular tales-Joan of Arc, Carmen,

The Gorani Wedding Ritual – Between Individual and Collective Memory

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Jadranka Đorđević Crnobrnja

2014-11-01

Full Text Available In this paper I will attempt to determine which contents are present in individual memories of weddings and underline the contents which contribute to the formation of commonplace memories within personal memories. By studying individual personal memories of a ritual practice, I will attempt to answer questions about the relationship between individual and collective memory. In the paper I will also consider the issue of the influence of individual memories on the construction of ethnic identity. The paper is based on an analysis of narrative discourse which has been adapted for ethnographic research. The Gorani wedding ritual represents a social practice which encompasses not only the influence of collective on personal remembrance and memory, but also the reverse. The Gorani wedding ritual is an example of a social holiday which, on a personal level creates a feeling of connection between individuals and their community, while on a collective level it creates conditions for the continuity of the Gorani community.

Rituals and the participation of urban form : informal and formal image making processes

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Krishnamurthy, S.

2016-01-01

The author through this paper hypothesis that the role urban form plays in the act of rituals contributes to an urban imagery that is embedded in various formal and informal socio-spatial processes and practises. By studying the yearly Karaga jatre (ritual) in Bangalore, India ethnographically and

Ayahuasca's entwined efficacy: An ethnographic study of ritual healing from 'addiction'.

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Talin, Piera; Sanabria, Emilia

2017-06-01

A range of studies has demonstrated the efficacy of the psychoactive Amazonian brew ayahuasca in addressing substance addiction. These have revealed that physiological and psychological mechanisms are deeply enmeshed. This article focuses on how interactive ritual contexts support the healing effort. The study of psychedelic-assisted treatments for addiction has much to gain from ethnographic analyses of healing experiences within the particular ecologies of use and care, where these interventions are rendered efficacious. This is an ethnographically grounded, qualitative analysis of addiction-recovery experiences within ayahuasca rituals. It draws on long-term fieldwork and participant observation in ayahuasca communities, and in-depth, semi-structured interviews of participants with histories of substance misuse. Ayahuasca's efficacy in the treatment of addiction blends somatic, symbolic and collective dimensions. The layering of these effects, and the direction given to them through ritual, circumscribes the experience and provides tools to render it meaningful. Prevailing modes of evaluation are ill suited to account for the particular material and semiotic efficacy of complex interventions such as ayahuasca healing for addiction. The article argues that practices of care characteristic of the ritual spaces in which ayahuasca is collectively consumed, play a key therapeutic role. The ritual use of ayahuasca stands in strong contrast to hegemonic understandings of addiction, paving new ground between the overstated difference between community and pharmacological interventions. The article concludes that fluid, adaptable forms of caregiving play a key role in the success of addiction recovery and that feeling part of a community has an important therapeutic potential. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

[Medieval scenes of ritual circumcision as a reflection of sociopolitical circumstances].

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Pust, R A; Drost, C; Willerding, H; Bschleipfer, T

2005-03-01

Ritual circumcision in males is regarded as one of the oldest surgical procedures. Whereas their medieval illustrations are mostly interpreted within a religious context, this study tries to prove the influence of the political and social situation of the above-mentioned period.Selected iconography of ritual male circumcision in the Middle Ages from Germany, France, Italy, and the Byzantine Empire was critically examined. Special attention was paid to the stained glass windows recently returned to St. Mary's Church in Frankfurt/Oder, where circumcision of the so-called Antichrist is also shown. Up to now we could not find any medical historical information about this subject. Clerical fine art of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries shows more frequently than before illustrations of ritual circumcision, which evidently demonstrate the political, economic, and social tensions and controversies of that period. In many cases this iconography indicates a rejection of this old Jewish tradition and its confessors. Also the stained glass image of the Antichrist posthetomy could be interpreted as criticism or aversion.This study expands our approach to medieval illustrations of ritual circumcision that have hitherto mostly been interpreted in religious terms. The influence of changing political and social situations in the Middle Ages is evident.

Television, Rituals, Struggle for Public Memory in Serbia during 1990s

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Ildiko Erdei

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of the paper is to point to the the role of television (mainly state owned and controlled and ritual actions, in creating and distributing messages concerning important social and political events during the 1990s. The main argument is that the urban street political protest actions that were performed by the political and social opponents of the ruling regime, mainly in Belgrade streets and squares, were a logical outcome of the regime’s media policy, and closely dependent on it. The aim of that policy was to silence the opposing voices and make them invisible, but also to avoid speaking about events that might threaten the image of the ruling regime as tolerant, peaceful and patriotic, the examples of which were information on war crimes, and devastations of Vukovar, Dubrovnik and Sarajevo. Political protests and ritual actions have created a place where these issues could safely be spoken out, thus creating an emerging public counter sphere. Instead of considering media and rituals as separated ways of communication, it will be showed how in particular social and political context in Serbia during 1990s, television and rituals have reached a point of mutual constitution and articulation.

Rituals of environmental expertise

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Lars Kjerulf

2008-01-01

Use of experts in media reports about the environment is not confined to its information function. Voices of expertise also serve a ritual function in societal communication by enacting collective sentiments and common world views cast around consensus as well as conflict. This article presents...... theoretical discussions and examples from a case study of Danish television news coverage of the environment supporting such an understanding of expertise in broadcast media. And adds to the discussion of expertise a discussion of the opposing category of lay knowledge....

On the elementary neural forms of interaction rituals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Heinskou, Marie Bruvik; Liebst, Lasse Suonperä

Randall Collins’ interaction ritual (IR) theory suggests solidarity as neurologically hardwired in the capacity for rhythmic entrainment. Yet, this article suggests that IR theory may benefit from being tied more firmly to recent neurological research, specifically Stephen W. Porges......’ neurophysiological polyvagal theory. IR theory does not sufficiently acknowledge the autonomic nervous system as a system involving a phylogenetically ordered response hierarchy, of which only one subsystem supports prosocial behavior. The ritual ingredients of shared attention and mood may be clarified as part...... of a social engagement system, neurally regulating attention and arousal via brain-face-heart circuits. This allows rhythmic entrainment to be specified as a neural epiphenomenon of the social engagement system. The polyvagal perspective, moreover, challenges IR theory to reconsider the importance...

Sandhyopaasan:The Hindu Ritual as a Foundation of Vedic Education

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Rajendra Raj Timilsina

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Yoga, meditation and Hasta Mudra Chikitsa (medication through the exercise or gesture of hands known as spiritual activities in the past have been emerged as bases to maintain  one’s health, peace and tranquility. Some people follow yoga, some focus on meditation and others apply “Hasta Chikitsa” or “Mudra”. They are separate traditional exercises. They require to spend 10 to 30 minutes once or twice a day for their optional exercise/s. It is proved that such practice has productive effect in different health treatments. This paper has applied the methods of observation, interview and literature review as qualitative paradigm in exploring their original roots of Vedic Sandhyopaasan. Twice born castes (Brahman, Chhetri and Baishya of Nepali Hindu society has been found practicing all components of the exercises as a unified ritual of Sandhyopaasan. Upanayan (Bratabandha ritual teaches Sandhyopaasan procedures for self control and self healing of the performers. Brahman is not eligible as Brahman without doing the ritual daily. However, this study has found that some Dalits have also been practicing Sandhyopaasan daily and feeling relaxed. Findings of this study show that Sandhyopaasan is a compact package of yoga, meditations and Hasta Chikitsa. Students and gurus of Vedas have been regularly following the compact package for inner peace and self control. Root of yoga, meditation and “Mudra” is Sandhyopaasan and this is the base of Hindu education system. The paper analyzes the ritual through Hindu educational perspective.

Conventions of Courtship: Gender and Race Differences in the Significance of Dating Rituals

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Jackson, Pamela Braboy; Kleiner, Sibyl; Geist, Claudia; Cebulko, Kara

2011-01-01

Dating rituals include dating--courtship methods that are regularly enacted. This study explores gender and race differences in the relative importance placed on certain symbolic activities previously identified by the dating literature as constituting such rituals. Using information collected from a racially diverse sample of college students (N…

The Dancing Picture - The Ritual Dance of Native Australians

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Monica Engelhart

1996-01-01

Full Text Available What kind of message does -or did — the dance convey to the Native Australians? Several types of communication can be distinguished in ritual dance. There is the narrative aspect, i.e., the dramatization of a myth, or of certain social relations, there is an aspect of explanation, i.e., the visual performance of significant conditions, an expressive aspect of worship, and even an aspect of transmission, as when the body of the dancer is thought to mediate divine power to the audience. When a dancer is considered possessed, the boundaries between his human identity and the divine are wiped out. This last aspect leads us to the second item of interest regarding the ritual dance in Australia, an issue that has been discussed at length regarding masked dancers in other societies, i.e., the question of whether the dancer is identified with the being represented, or merely performs as an actor in a play. In this discussion, the very technique of dancing may have some explanatory faculty, at least as long as we are dealing with Native Australian ritual dance.

Synchronized arousal between performers and related spectators in a fire-walking ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Konvalinka, Ivana; Xygalatas, Dimitris; Bulbulia, Joseph

2011-01-01

during the 30-min ritual between fire-walkers and related spectators but not unrelated spectators. This indicates that the mediating mechanism may be informational, because participants and related observers had very different bodily behavior. This study demonstrates that a collective ritual may evoke......Collective rituals are present in all known societies, but their function is a matter of long-standing debates. Field observations suggest that they may enhance social cohesion and that their effects are not limited to those actively performing but affect the audience as well. Here we show...... synchronized arousal over time between active participants and bystanders. It links field observations to a physiological basis and offers a unique approach for the quantification of social effects on human physiology during real-world interactions....

Invisible wounds: corporal punishment in British schools as a form of ritual.

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Benthall, J

1991-01-01

This article examines a presumed historical association between corporal punishment and the British "ruling class," taking as data the elaborate forms of beating practiced at a well-known English fee-paying boarding school in the 1950s and here documented in detail. Analogies with other forms of ritual studied by anthropologists are considered, as well as the psychosexual dynamics of beating for both officiants and victims. The paper argues that ritual corporal punishment must be seen in retrospect as a clear case of child abuse that is both physical and sexual. Such rituals of authority, though virtually abolished in Britain, may well exist in a different form in present day residential institutions for children in some Third World countries that have borrowed from now outdated European practices.

What is the importance of executing rituals ‘correctly’ and why do people continue to engage in them?

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Hennie Viviers

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Rituals, borne out of our embodied practical reason, are deeds that are counterintuitive in terms of cause and effect. From a cognitive point of view, two kinds of religious rituals can be identified: special agent rituals, where superhuman agents act on human patients (onceoff, highly emotional; e.g. initiations, weddings and special instrument and patient rituals, where human agents act on superhuman patients (repeated, less emotional; e.g. sacrifices, Holy Communion. The idea of ‘correctness’ applies more stringently to the first kind than the second, for instance: Jacob’s blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh in Genesis 48. Rituals stabilise, reconstitute and replicate our ‘cosmos’ or imaginative worlds as they realign our intersubjective relations. They are tenacious and persistent, because they evoke, usually in an emotional and motivational way, our sense of urgency, our deeply felt need to maintain sound social relations and our intuitive ability to form notions of a counterintuitive world. The aim of this article was therefore to highlight and illustrate the role our evolved mental tools play when conducting rituals, especially when conducting some rituals ‘correctly’ and others less stringently so. Furthermore, the psychological appeal that rituals have on the human mind was also explained.

Comunidade sateré-mawé Y'Apyrehyt: ritual e saúde na periferia urbana de Manaus The Sateré-Mawé community of Y'Apyrehyt: ritual and health on the urban outskirts of Manaus

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João Bosco Botelho

2011-09-01

Full Text Available A comunidade Y'Apyrehyt, uma das três comunidades da etnia Sateré-mawé, na periferia de Manaus, está assentada no antigo Parque das Seringueiras. A comunidade é composta por 67 pessoas, entre adultos e crianças, que sobrevivem dos rendimentos advindos dos turistas que pagam para ver o Ritual da Tucandeira e da venda de artesanato. Mesmo com o puratin ou poratig, o Remo Mágico fincado na entrada da comunidade, somente o Ritual da Tucandeira mantém-se vivo. O processo de ressignificação desse ritual assumiu também caráter estético de coreografia artística e objeto para troca econômica.The Y'Apyrehyt community, one of three belonging to the Sateré-Mawé indigenous people found on the outskirts of Manaus, is located in a former nature reserve, the Parque das Seringueiras. The community comprises 67 people, adults and children, who live from the income obtained from tourists paying to see the Tucandeira Ant Ritual and from the sale of craftwork. Even with the Magic Oar - the puratin or poratig - displayed at the entrance to the community, only the Tucandeira Ant Ritual remains alive today. The process of attributing new meanings to this ritual has involved both an aesthetic dimension, evinced in its artistic choreography, and its commercialization.

A semiotics of comedy: Moving figures and shifting grounds of Chapayeka ritual clown performance

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Keisalo, Marianna Päivikki

2016-01-01

This article develops an analytic approach to comedic performance by examining the performance of the Chapayeka ritual clowns as a series of semiotic shifts and reversals: the Chapayekas play with images and contexts, introducing unpredictable figures to effectively shift the grounding conditions...... to function as both symbolic figures in the ritual and self-contained contextual grounds, which enables them to produce further signs and manipulate figure-ground relations within and beyond the ritual. The analytic view developed here is informed by the complex and multilayered semiotics of comedic...

The Fire-Walker’s High: Affect and Physiological Responses in an Extreme Collective Ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fischer, Ronald; Xygalatas, Dimitris; Mitkidis, Panagiotis

2014-01-01

-walking ritual in a Mauritian Hindu community. Specifically, we compared changes in levels of happiness, fatigue, and heart rate reactivity among high-ordeal participants (fire-walkers), low-ordeal participants (non-fire-walking participants with familial bonds to fire-walkers) and spectators (unrelated....../unknown to the fire-walkers). We observed that fire-walkers experienced the highest increase in heart rate and reported greater happiness post-ritual compared to low-ordeal participants and spectators. Low-ordeal participants reported increased fatigue after the ritual compared to both fire-walkers and spectators...

The use of (perfumed) oil in Hittite rituals with particular emphasis on funerary practices

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vigo, Matteo

2014-01-01

of the rituals we can infer that oil was used for several purposes. In this article attention is placed on the use of ‘perfumed oil’ in rituals with particular emphasis on funerary practices. In addition, selected possible comparisons with other funerary contexts are briefly presented....... terms or their equivalents - usually concealed behind logograms - helps philologists to identify oil products. The use of oil obtained from different plants is richly attested in different genres. In this respect, the description of ritual scenarios seems to be very productive. From procedures...

76 FR 4987 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Bali: Art, Ritual...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-27

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice: 7311] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Bali: Art, Ritual, Performance'' SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the following... objects to be included in the exhibition ``Bali: Art, Ritual, Performance,'' imported from abroad for...

Relationships among Sensory Responsiveness, Anxiety, and Ritual Behaviors in Children with and without Atypical Sensory Responsiveness.

Science.gov (United States)

Bart, Orit; Bar-Shalita, Tami; Mansour, Hanin; Dar, Reuven

2017-08-01

To explore relationships between sensory responsiveness, anxiety, and ritual behaviors in boys with typical and atypical sensory responsiveness. Forty-eight boys, ages 5-9 participated in the study (28 boys with atypical sensory responsiveness and 20 controls). Atypical sensory responsiveness was defined as a score of ≤154 on the Short Sensory Profile. Parents completed the Sensory Profile, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and the Childhood Routines Inventory. Children with atypical sensory responsiveness had significantly higher levels of anxiety and a higher frequency of ritual behaviors than controls. Atypical sensory responsiveness was significantly related to both anxiety and ritual behaviors, with anxiety mediating the relationship between sensory modulation and ritual behaviors. The findings elucidate the potential consequences of atypical sensory responsiveness and could support the notion that ritual behaviors develop as a coping mechanism in response to anxiety stemming from primary difficulty in modulating sensory input.

Rituals as Dance and Dance as Rituals. The Drama of Kok Nji and Other Festivals in the Religious Experience of the Ngas, Mupun and Mwaghavul in Nigeria

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Umar Habila Dadem Danfulani

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Chadic-speakers perform annual festivals of the ancestors, kok nji; cropping kop; harvesting, dyip and hunting kwat, which are usually accompanied by dancing, singing and other numerous rites and rituals. These ritual dramas symbolically and overtly express the religious experience, feelings and emotions that are deeply buried in the religious consciousness of the people. This article intends to provide a vivid description of some of these festivals, particularly those of the Ngas, Mupun and Mwaghavul.

O vermelho e o negro: um experimento para pensar o ritual

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Houseman Michael

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata da performance de um rito de iniciação inventado pelo autor, realizado como um experimento para pensar certos traços recorrentes da ação ritual e, em particular, da iniciação (masculina. O ritual em questão, O Vermelho e o Negro, foi planejado para consistir essencialmente, se não exclusivamente, em um padrão específico de interação: O Vermelho e o Negro não pertence a nenhuma tradição cultural reconhecível, não envolve quase nenhum simbolismo explícito, suas "crenças" subjacentes são abertamente despropositadas, suas qualidades cênicas mínimas e não se pode atribuir a ele praticamente nenhuma função social. Um dos objetivos do exercício é explorar e fundamentar uma abordagem relacional da análise do ritual na qual este é visto como atuação de relações específicas. Entre os temas discutidos estão os do enquadramento, da simulação, do sigilo, da imposição de sofrimento, da eficácia cerimonial, da condensação ritual e do complexo jogo de perspectivas internas e externas ao grupo.

El juicio de residencia como ritual político en la colonia (Gobernación de Tucumán, siglo XVIII: A political ritual. Tucumán 18th Century Impeachment proceeding in Colonial times

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Silvina Smietniansky

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se propone analizar un juicio de residencia, llevado a cabo en los años 1775 y 1776 en la gobernación de Tucumán, como un ritual político. Entendemos que, al teatralizar una forma ideal de funcionamiento de las instituciones y comportamiento de los funcionarios, el juicio de residencia como ritual político actuaba fortaleciendo el poder monárquico en las colonias, transmitiendo un conjunto de valores y congregando y cohesionando a la comunidad local. Partiendo de esta perspectiva ritual, abordamos el problema de la tensión existente entre las normas y objetivos que ordenaban la institución de la residencia y las implicancias y consecuencias que, en la práctica, acarreaba su celebración.This article analyzes an impeachment proceeding that took place in 1775-1776 in colonial Tucumán, in terms of a political ritual. We understand that by performing the ideal way of government institution's operation and officials' behaviour, the impeachment proceeding acted as a political ritual, reinforcing monarchical power in the colonies, transmitting a set of social values and congregating the local community. From this ritual perspective, we approach the problem of the tension between the norms and aims of the impeachment procedure, and the consequences and implications of its practice.

The meaning of rituals after a stillbirth: A qualitative study of mothers with a stillborn baby.

Science.gov (United States)

Tseng, Ying-Fen; Hsu, Min-Tao; Hsieh, Yueh-Tzu; Cheng, Hsiu-Rong

2018-03-01

To explore the meaning of rituals that women and their families perform after a stillbirth. A cultural taboo in Taiwan prohibits discussing death; thus, parents of stillborn babies have no established public mourning or burial ceremonies to perform for their stillborn children. Stillbirths are often treated as if they had never happened. Qualitative descriptive study. In-depth interviews, which were transcribed and content analysed, were conducted with a purposive sample of 16 women discharged from two teaching hospitals in Taiwan after they had a stillbirth. Families engaged in rituals for two underlying reasons: to benefit the deceased child and the immediate family. The meanings of the rituals for the child are presented through three themes: (i) sending the baby's spirit to a safe place, (ii) protecting it from suffering and (iii) preparing it for a better reincarnation. The meanings of rituals for the families are presented through four themes: (i) releasing parental guilt by doing their best for the deceased child, (ii) cutting bonds with the child, (iii) avoiding additional misfortune should they mishandle the funeral and (iv) praying for a successful subsequent pregnancy. Death-related rituals are highly culturally diverse. This study fills a gap about Asian cultures. Participating in rituals permits a mother to do something for her deceased child, helps relieve her guilt and lets her cope with the stillbirth. Rituals after a stillbirth can help a woman recover from grieving and allow her to hope for a successful subsequent pregnancy. Health professionals should discuss with bereaved parents what rituals they would like to perform and then respect their decisions. A continuum of care and support that exists from the prenatal diagnosis through the stillbirth and beyond is recommended for parents and families during this difficult time. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

[Sacred psychoactive seeds and ritual sacrifices in the Moche culture].

Science.gov (United States)

Carod-Artal, F J; Vázquez-Cabrera, C B

Archaeological findings have confirmed the existence of representations of ritual human sacrifices on pottery belonging to the Moche culture (100-750 AD) in northern Peru; until recently these images were thought to be mythological narrations. We review the archaeological and ethno-historical data concerning Moche sacrifices and we attempt to identify the psychoactive seeds and plants used during such rites. Ethno-historical data from different chronicles of the New World written in the 16th century state that hamala seeds (belonging to the species Nectandra) were used for their analgesic, sedative, narcotic and anticoagulating properties, and that chamico, or stramonium, had an intoxicating effect on those who took it. There were two kinds of Moche rituals, that is, sacrifices as offerings to divinities and as exemplary punishments. Methods of sacrifice included slitting victims' throats, dismembering them and throwing them off mountains. The sacrifices of the Moche were part of a complex and elaborate ritual which consisted in capturing prisoners, parading them with nooses around their necks, making offerings, preparing the officiants and the community, consummation of the sacrifice and presenting the blood to the priest in a chalice. Human sacrifices were part of the propitiatory ceremonies held in honour of the gods in order to favour human fertility, obtain good harvests and preserve a plentiful supply of water for irrigating the valleys. The therapeutic properties of the seeds of the Nectandra species favoured their utilisation in the ritual sacrifices of the Moche culture. Their use was probably associated with stramonium and San Pedro cactus, which contain extracts rich in hallucinogenic alkaloids.

Orge e orgiasmo rituale nel mondo antico. Alcune note

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Chiara O. Tommasi Moreschini

2007-01-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the issue of the etymology and semantic developments of the word orgia in Greek and Roman language and ritual practice, with particular reference to Dionysiac religion. Relying on the definition of orgy currently accepted in the study of religion (transgressive collective behaviour meant to sanction a festive period and to reinforce the vital energies of cosmos and human groups by indulging to rave music, frantic dances and promiscuous sexual intercourses it describes orgiastic practices occurring in various ancient Mediterranean mystery cults, with reference to reversal rituals and to similar accounts reported by Christian haeresiologists for Gnostic conventicles.

the trajectories of christianity and african ritual practices

African Journals Online (AJOL)

the beliefs and views of various Christian groups on African rituals, focusing mainly on black members of .... they condemned played a significant role in the maintenance of the tribal society. .... highest being - Zulu), Modimo (God - Sesuthu).

Dinner rituals that correlate with child and adult BMI.

Science.gov (United States)

Wansink, Brian; van Kleef, Ellen

2014-05-01

What predicts whether a child will be at risk for obesity? Whereas past research has focused on foods, eating habits, feeding styles, and family meal patterns, this study departs from a food-centric approach to examine how various dinner rituals might influence the BMIs of children and adults. In this study of 190 parents (BMI = 29.1 ± 7.2) and 148 children (BMI = 20.3 ± 4.4), the relationship between their BMIs and everyday family dinner rituals was examined using both correlation and regression analysis (controlled for educational level of parents). Families who frequently ate dinner in the kitchen or dining room had significantly lower BMIs for both adults (r = -0.31) and children (r = -0.24) compared to families who ate elsewhere. Additionally, helping cook dinner was associated with higher BMI for girls (r = 0.26), and remaining at the table until everyone is finished with eating was associated with lower BMI for boys (r = -0.31). Dinner tables may be one place where social support and family involvement meet-both of which relate to the BMI of children as well as parents. Family meals and their rituals might be an underappreciated battleground to fight obesity. Copyright © 2013 The Obesity Society.

Realisme, teatralitet, ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Anne Ring

2008-01-01

, and that they are characterised by a heightened awareness as to the physical, subjective and temporal aspects of the viewer's experience.  Moreover, it argues that the elements mentioned in the title "Realism, theatricality, ritual" are key characteristics of this genre. It demonstrates this by using a range of different works......The ambition of this article is to define what characterises installation art in general: It proposes that basically installations organise the work of art as a space and activate this space, that they extend the work temporally so that it acquires a situational aspect...... by Mike Kelley, Guillaume Bijl, Anette Messager, Carsten Höller and other artists as examples. The book is published in two editions, one in Danish and one in English....

Realism, theatricality, ritual

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Anne Ring

2008-01-01

, and that they are characterised by a heightened awareness as to the physical, subjective and temporal aspects of the viewer's experience.  Moreover, it argues that the elements mentioned in the title "Realism, theatricality, ritual" are key characteristics of this genre. It demonstrates this by using a range of different works......The ambition of this article is to define what characterises installation art in general: It proposes that basically installations organise the work of art as a space and activate this space, that they extend the work temporally so that it acquires a situational aspect...... by Mike Kelley, Guillaume Bijl, Anette Messager, Carsten Höller and other artists as examples. The book is published in two editions, one in English and one in Danish....

Pluralist Democracy or Scientistic Monocracy? Debating Ritual Slaughter

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M. Valenta (Markha)

2012-01-01

markdownabstract__Abstract__ Many participants in the recent fierce debate on ritual slaughter in the Netherlands have understood this to be a conflict between religious and secular values, pitting religious freedom against animal welfare. The great variety in viewpoints among all groups

Music in Korean shaman ritual.

OpenAIRE

Mills, Simon R.S.

2012-01-01

It is hard to sum up Korean Shamanism in a few sentences but, in short, it could be described as the traditional syncretic folk religion of Korea. It mixes together ritual practices, beliefs, symbols and myths from Buddhism, Taoism, and folklore and adds elements commonly associated with nature religions and shamanism – including the use of techniques such as divination, trance, and mediumship. As with many other syncretic folk religions around the globe, there is very little in the way o...

Time in rituals of Javanese-Saivism as preserved in Bali

Science.gov (United States)

Suamba, I. B. P.; Mudana, I. G.

2018-01-01

Religion in practice is often associated with ritual in its various modes. Ritual can only be practised after proper time has been set up in advanced. This paper attempts to study times as a system in rituals of Javanse-Saivism tradition as practised in Bali. Library research was conducted to get required data through observing a number of texts belong to Wariga literature. It is found that there is a system of times known as Saka-Bali as applied in calendar system combining Indian solar-lunar system with local Javanese Wuku system. The combination of two systems cause the system becomes complex since the days are not only divided into 12 months in a year and pananggal and panglong of both full moon and new moon in a month, but also into wewaran, ingkel, dauh, etc. in a six month period. The concept “alah dening” shows gradual importance from solar-lunar to wewaran divisions of days, and the method applied in determining proper times. In practice, solar-lunar system is more dominant than the other; however both are complementary in practice. Time is equated with the Ultimate Reality, and hence it is eternal.

Objects of Power, People of Prestige: The biographical temporality of Xinguano rituals and the Wauja cosmopolitics

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Aristoteles Barcelos Neto

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES-CO JA X-NONE From puberty to old age, a Xinguano aristocrat will participate in, help perform and sponsor dozens of intra and inter-village rituals. These rituals, in turn, lie at the root of the production and maintenance of a singular type of political status (amunaw whose source of power is both external (pathogenic/shamanic spirits-monsters and internal (family networks of ritual work. The relation between these sources results in the production of ritual objects that also work to boost the prestige of the amunaw. However, it is only in their funerary rituals that the glory of the amunaw can be fully celebrated. After his death, what remains of the personified power of an amunaw are the names to which he conferred fame. In this article I attempt to show how this ritual system can maximize or minimize the amunaw’s power and its transmission to his descendants. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}

Rituals in Death and Dying: Modern Medical Technologies Enter the Fray

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Michael Gordon

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In the absence of immortality, the human species has over the millennia developed rites and rituals to help in the passing of life to honor the person who is dying or has died or in some way demonstrate their “courage” and perseverance as well as duty even in the face of almost certain death. The centuries-old traditions of the gathering of loved ones, the chanting of prayers, the ritual religious blessings are in the process of being replaced by the “miracles” of modern medical technology.

INLAND-COASTAL PHILIPPINE HYBRIDITY: HETEROGLOSSIA IN AGUSAN MANOBO MUSIC AND RITUAL

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José S. Buenconsejo

2010-06-01

Full Text Available This article deals with the hybridity of contemporary Agusan Manobo music as evident in its repertory and in the heteroglossia of possession ritual performances, where various archaic and modern speech styles (including song and ritual dance music co-exist. This hybridity is consequent to the history of Agusan Manobo relations with outsiders, especially Visayan-speaking settlers whose markers of group identity have been incorporated into Manobo rites. Such incorporation indicates the Manobo presence to a social world that is characterized by a mix between inland Manobo and coastal Visayan cultures.

Dissecting Disbelief: Possible Reasons for the Denial of the Existence of Ritual Abuse in the United Kingdom

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Kate Richardson

2015-07-01

Full Text Available When allegations of ritual abuse first came to light in the UK, they were met primarily with a ‘discourse of disbelief’ that left little room for the possibility accounts could be based in genuine experience. Despite convictions, recent criminological, sociological and psychological literature appears fixed on debunking ritual abuse’s existence through highly debated concepts such as ‘false memory’. This paper proposes three broad ‘reasons’ for the creation and maintenance of disbelief around ritual abuse, highlighting the importance of key cases in shaping press coverage of the issue during the 1980s and 1990s, and the role survivor advocates have played in distancing ritual abuse from established knowledge within both psychology and child protection. I argue that the tangibility of death and abject horror within survivor accounts, as well as the perceived religious motivations of perpetrators, make ritual abuse both experientially and conceptually alien to most members of late-modern societies. 

Recuerdo y comunicación: sociohermenéutica de rituales de memoria

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Schnettler, Bernt

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The analysis of memory rituals represents a methodological challenge for an interpretative social science. Ritual interactions are inscribed in a broader context, which is determined by symbolic traditions and the institutional agreements that configure the general framework of ceremonies. The study of rituals held on International Holocaust Remembrance Day on January 27th is an opportunity to highlight the linkages between these different levels in the analysis. Our data is based on a videographic research project that probes into the thesis of a “global” memory culture, according to which particular memories coexist and at the same time converge and interact with transnational forms of remembrance. For the analysis we follow methodological approaches rooted in the sociology of knowledge and the sociology of communicative genres.El análisis de rituales performativos de memoria supone un reto metodológico para la investigación social interpretativa, ya que las interacciones rituales están inscritas en un contexto más amplio, que está determinado por las tradiciones simbólicas y por los acuerdos institucionales que configuran el marco de las ceremonias. A partir del estudio de ceremonias conmemorativas del Día Internacional de Recuerdo del Holocausto se mostrará la interconexión en el análisis de estos distintos niveles. Para ello nos basamos en datos videográficos de un proyecto de investigación en curso sobre ceremonias de memoria del Holocausto en Espana y Alemania, que examina la tesis sobre una incipiente “cultura de la memoria global”. En el análisis de los materiales seguimos enfoques metodológicos que provienen de la sociología del conocimiento hermenéutica y la sociología de géneros comunicativos.

[A psychosocial view of a number of Jewish mourning rituals during normal and pathological grief].

Science.gov (United States)

Maoz, Benyamin; Lauden, Ari; Ben-Zion, Itzhak

2004-04-01

This article describes the three stages of normal and pathological mourning, emphasizing the constellation embodied in Judaism for this process. These stages are: shock, acute mourning, working through and reconciliation. We present the important question: "How to define pathological mourning?" It is certainly not only a matter of extending beyond the accepted time limits of the mourning process, but also a question of the intensity of mourning in ones daily life, the degree of being preoccupied with it, and the degree of priority that this mourning process has in an individual's life. A number of forms of pathological mourning, during the three mentioned stages, are described, with special attention to Jewish mourning rituals, especially: The "rending of the garments" (Kriyah), the Kaddish, the Shiva, and the termination of mourning after a fixed period of time. One of the possible interpretations of these rituals is that they prevent and neutralize manifestations of aggression and violence. This is an analogue to the function of biological (genetic) rituals which according to the theory of Konrad Lorenz, also minimize the dangerous aggression between the species in nature. The religious ritual converts an aggressive behavior to a minimal and symbolic action, often re-directed, so that an originally dangerous behavior becomes a ritual with an important communicative function.

Eloquent bodies: conflict and ritual in northern Sri Lanka.

Science.gov (United States)

Derges, Jane

2009-04-01

It is increasingly apparent that hostilities continue in the aftermath of war and conflict, where presuppositions of peace and safety are rarely reflected on the ground. In Sri Lanka, the 2002 ceasefire agreement between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) has recently collapsed. This collapse developed slowly over a period of several years, beginning with cautious optimism before descending into deep pessimism with increasingly high levels of violence brought about by the absence of any real progress. Efforts to rebuild and reintegrate both rural and urban communities in the north of the country have had to take place within an atmosphere of silence, suspicion and a marked escalation towards the renewed outbreak of war. This article, following sixteen months of fieldwork in the northern Jaffna peninsula, examines how Tamil youths - many of whom were imprisoned and tortured during the war - have transformed a well-known ritual that has seen a dramatic increase since occupation of the far north by government troops in 1996. The ritual, previously an act of devotion to a popular Tamil god, Murugan, has transformed into a demonstration of strength and youthful challenge. This article examines how toleration of ritual pain can be contrasted with the pain and suffering of war, and articulated not only for the self, but also for the entire community.

Rituals and their transcendence in Corporate Culture

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Zahaira F. González F. González

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The organization is structured in a "hard" and “soft” system, our research was focused on the image (soft system and the result presents the importance to create a strong corporate culture (CC, to simultaneously enhance the positive image as well as the economic results (benefits. The Object of the study are working-hours dedicated to consolidate the rites and rituals as part of the CC implemented in Wal Mart SuperCenter (store No. 2346 in Mexico. We want to know if is possible to classify and measure the CC through the “Rites and Rituals”. On the basis of the results obtained and the manner in which our research evolved, we believe that it is possible to draw the conclusion that corporate culture can be numerically measured in terms of manhours. The rituals with the greater numerical representation within the company are the administrative ones, leading us to consider that the company is principally concerned with maintaining an open and continuous communication with its employees.

Power and prestige in argar culture societies. The commensal consumption of bovids and ovicaprids during funerary rituals

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Aranda Jiménez, Gonzalo

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The regular appearance of meat offerings in Argaric pmbs enables us to point out that the slaughter and consumption of cattle and sheep or goat took place as a part of rituals of commensality. A portion of meat of theses animals, always belonging to a leg, was introduced as grave goods involving the symbolic performance of the death in the ritual itself. The type of meat consumed in these rituals was linked to the social status of Argaric people. Cattle would be slaughtered during the commensal practices associated with the highest social groups in contrast to the performance developed in the lowest social levels that include goat or sheep but never cattle. The ritual of commensality in Argaric societies would contribute to maintaining the social solidarity at the same time that it legitimated and naturalised a clear situation of social asymmetry. Cohesion and social distance play an important role in the commensal practices of Argaric funerary rituals.

La fuerte normalización de los ajuares cárnicos en las sepulturas argáricas permite plantear que, como parte de ritual funerario, se procedió al sacrificio de bóvidos y ovicápridos que serían consumidos en rituales de comensalidad. Un trozo de carne de estas especies animales, siempre correspondiente a una de las extremidades, formaría parte del ajuar funerario, lo que supondría la participación simbólica del muerto en el propio ritual. La adscripción social de los individuos determinaría el tipo de carne consumida. Los bóvidos serían sacrificados sólo como parte de la ceremonia de comensalidad de los sectores sociales más elevados, frente a aquellos individuos de un nivel social inferior y con menor capacidad de amortización cuyo ritual incluirían el sacrificio y consumo de ovicápridos. En las sociedades argáricas el ritual de comensalidad contribuiría a la creación de un sentido de comunidad al tiempo que legitima y naturaliza una situación de clara asimetr

Assessing Presidential Character: Degradation Rituals in Political Campaigns.

Science.gov (United States)

Bennett, W. Lance

1981-01-01

Considers the consequences of taking political blunders seriously as central objects of electoral discourse. Explores gaffes as possible degradation rituals and as contributions to the definition of the electoral process and to the information needs of voters who must make decisions within that process. (PD)

On the Elementary Neural Forms of Micro-Interactional Rituals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Heinskou, Marie Bruvik; Liebst, Lasse Suonperä

2016-01-01

of the neural basis for rhythmic entrainment. The polyvagal theory furthermore challenges IR theory to reconsider the importance of individual biological differences ritual success may not merely be ascribed to interactional effects, but also to reciprocal causality between situations and neurobiological......Randall Collins’s interaction ritual (IR) theory suggests social solidarity as hardwired in the human neurological capacity for rhythmic entrainment. Yet, this article suggests that IR theory may benefit from being tied more firmly to recent neurobiological research, specifically Stephen W. Porges......’s polyvagal theory that proposes autonomic nervous system functioning as a basis for emotions and social behavior. In this perspective, IR theory does not sufficiently acknowledge the human nervous system as a system involving a phylogenetically ordered response hierarchy, of which only one subsystem supports...

Kariburu: digresión ritual y posicionamiento político en el trabajo de curación entre los embera

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Pablo Jaramillo

2007-06-01

Full Text Available El análisis de los rituales como herramientas y medios de posicionamiento político, ha sido una labor difícil ya que la misma categoría de ritual ha oscurecido aspectos fundamentales de la función de los rituales. A través de la categoría de digresión ritual, el presente artículo examina cómo un ritual practicado entre los emberas se constituye en dispositivo para el posicionamiento político tomando el ritual como un trabajo discursivo y performativo para producir identidades políticas donde es conflictivo definirlas. El presente artículo se basa en observaciones efectuadas en medio de un trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado de manera intermitente del año 2000 al 2004 en el resguardo La Albania, Risaralda y San José de Caldas,Caldas, Colombia.

Governing martial traditions: Post-conflict ritual sites in Iron Age Northern Europe (200 BC–AD 200)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Løvschal, Mette; Holst, Mads Kähler

2018-01-01

-scale conflicts, assembled groups, and high-arousal group behavior. They thus differ from governing structures at community or family group level. This approach gives post-conflict rituals a new and more central role in the development and upholding of ritual traditions across Iron Age Northern Europe.......-conflict ritual sanctuaries of Northern Gaul and the war bogs of Scandinavia, both of which display the remains of violent conflicts with exceptional amounts of (often mutilated) weapon paraphernalia and/or human remains. The purpose of this paper is to examine the linkage between these two traditions...... is explained by the existence of a partly shared symbolic reservoir of symbols and practices. Dependent on differing ritual governance structures, different patterns come about in the archaeological record. In this respect, post-conflict sites represent largely self-organized settings associated with large...

Families experiencing housing instability: the effects of housing programs on family routines and rituals.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayberry, Lindsay Satterwhite; Shinn, Marybeth; Benton, Jessica Gibbons; Wise, Jasmine

2014-01-01

Maintenance of family processes can protect parents, children, and families from the detrimental effects of extreme stressors, such as homelessness. When families cannot maintain routines and rituals, the stressors of poverty and homelessness can be compounded for both caregivers and children. However, characteristics of living situations common among families experiencing homelessness present barriers to the maintenance of family routines and rituals. We analyzed 80 in-depth interviews with parents who were experiencing or had recently experienced an instance of homelessness. We compared their assessments of challenges to family schedules, routines, and rituals across various living situations, including shelter, transitional housing programs, doubled-up (i.e., living temporarily with family or friends), and independent housing. Rules common across shelters and transitional housing programs impeded family processes, and parents felt surveilled and threatened with child protective service involvement in these settings. In doubled-up living situations, parents reported adapting their routines to those of the household and having parenting interrupted by opinions of friends and family members. Families used several strategies to maintain family routines and rituals in these living situations and ensure consistency and stability for their children during an otherwise unstable time. (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

Late-Life Divorce: Its Impact on Family Rituals.

Science.gov (United States)

Pett, Marjorie A.; And Others

1992-01-01

Examined perceived changes in specific family celebrations, traditions, important life cycle events, and day-to-day family contact that occurred for 115 adult children whose parents had divorced after long-term marriage. Found strong positive correlation between perceived disruptiveness of parental divorce and changes in family rituals,…

Ancient Item Spoilage Ritual Used in Nomadic Burial Rite

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Beisenov Arman Z.

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The article considers the findings of items in ancient burials which were intentionally spoiled prior to deposition in graves. This tradition was widely spread both in terms of chronology and geography, and therefore cannot be attributed to any individual cultures or regions. The authors present new information on the ritual obtained during an investigation of Borsyk burial mound of the Middle Sarmatian period located in West Kazakhstan. The central grave of barrow 6 contained a heavily damaged bronze cauldron. The grave was looted in antiquity. Individual scattered bones of a human skeleton and minor gold foil adornments from the ceremonial dress of a nobleman were discovered in the grave. The authors suggest that the cauldron was intentionally deformed by the participants of an ancient mortuary and memorial ritual. According to the principal hypothesis concerning the essence of this ritual, spoilage of the items was related to the idea of assign the items with “different” and “transcendent” properties, which resulted from the necessity of burying the owner. Cauldrons played an important role in the life of steppe leaders. The authors assume a sacral nature of the use of cauldrons in the culture of steppe peoples associated with feasts, battles, and sacred hunting. Perhaps, there was a tradition of burying cauldrons together with their owners after spoiling the items in view of the concept of the other world and the role of a heroic leader therein.

Gufa, a unique cultural ritual--a tale of forbidden sun and a girl

Science.gov (United States)

Shrestha, Pritisha

2015-08-01

Gufa, one of the traditional rituals has been performed in Nepal since time immemorial by an especial indigenous Newar people. Gufa, in its literal translation means cave. Just like in the cave where darkness seeps deep within its wall as the sun’s ray cannot penetrate, in the ritual of Gufa, a young girl who just had her first period is hidden in a dark room for twelve consecutive days. The girl, by strict custom and ritual performance stays in the room, protected from the sun’s light. From her female elders, she also receives informal education on family and societal values and norms.Sun, the reason behind our existence, is forbidden for the girl to observe. This very aspect of purely shunning away from the sun has become the crucial aspect for delving into the explanations offered by cultural astronomy. The present paper would argue that astronomy and astronomy education should not only focus on looking into the future, but also should go back to the ancient civilization to comprehend ritual performance our forefathers had learned from gazing the sky.After twelve days, the girl is carefully brought out to an open space where she sees the forbidden sun and symbolically marries the star via ritual. The logic behind the union after a pure restriction is to protect her sensitive young body and to ward off any harm to her reproductive parts from the sun’s harsh rays.From astronomical point, this logic behind protecting the girl from the effects of then deemed harmful rays should be studied. In ancient times, who with which instruments could have possibly fathom the life-giving sun could harness harmful solar rays. Although it looks like a primitive custom of hiding the girl immediately during her first period, there are logical social, cultural and scientific reasons for doing it even today in modern, urban and among the educated Newar households of Nepal and abroad.The paper would expound the importance of traditional ritual performance and its nexus with

Religion, Ritual, and Healing among Urban Black South Africans.

Science.gov (United States)

du Toit, Brian M.

1980-01-01

Research carried out among urban residents in a satellite city in South Africa shows that while nearly all the subjects were members of Christian churches and attended church services, traditional supernatural beliefs and ritual practices were common. (Author/GC)

Ritual, rage and revenge in 2 Maccabees 6 and 7

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Pierre J. Jordaan

2012-10-01

Full Text Available The martyrs in 2 Maccabees 6 and 7 have been explored in various ways. In their commentaries on 2 Maccabees, Jan Willem van Henten and Daniel Schwartz proposed that the deaths of the martyrs should be seen as human sacrifices to please the deity. This idea has either been challenged or supported by scholars. This article supported the idea of human sacrifice, and applied the view of Richard DeMaris of the martyr’s deaths as exit rite to the above-mentioned texts. In essence this amounts to ritual critique. The results were surprising, and proved the model of DeMaris as a useful tool to examine rituals. The conclusion was reached that 2 Maccabees 6 and 7 is indeed an exit rite.

Sacrifice in Modernity: Community, Ritual, Identity : From Nationalism and Nonviolence to Health Care and Harry Potter

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Duyndam, J.; Korte, A.-M.; Poorthuis, Marcel

2016-01-01

Sacrifice seems to belong to a religious context of the past. In Sacrifice in Modernity: Community, Ritual, Identity it is demonstrated how sacrificial themes remain an essential element in our post-modern society. The shaping of community, performing rituals and the search for identity, three main

Mal tiempo, tiempo maligno, tiempo de subversión ritual. La temposensitividad agrofestiva invernal

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Del Campo Tejedor, Alberto

2006-06-01

Full Text Available In the light of a number of festive, ritual, poetico-musical and literary expresions, from Andalusia and elsewhere, the author discusses time as lived by agrarian cultures: a syncretic time, resulting from the superposition of civico-political, religious and peasant calendars; a cyclic time, given the effects of astronomico-meteorological time on nature and the subsequent cultural response on both the instrumental dimension (the work in the fields and the expresive dimension (the rituals and the festivals; and, finally, an ages-old bipolar time, experienced as the succession of two alternating seasons —wintertime and summertime—which also underlies a dichotomous agrofestive time-sensitiveness analyzed here under the following hypothesis: during the months of «good weather,» especially May and June, the rituals have a propitiatory and positively extolling sense; they mimetically dramatize the union between earth, vegetation, animals and humans by means of prototypes and archetypes that symbolically recreate the natural order of things. By contrast, the wintertime rituals and festivals—from 1st November till Carnival, and particularly around Christmas—all have in common a grotesque character and a sense of inverted order, symbolically signifying, with a logic at once serio-comic and ambiguous, the dark side of existence, while ritually conjuring up the fears of bad weather, of fateful and pernicious time, the time of cold nights, hunger and death.

A la luz de algunas expresiones festivas, rituales, poético-musicales y literarias, de Andalucía y otros contextos, el artículo aborda el tiempo vivido por las culturas agroganaderas: un tiempo sincrético, como consecuencia de la superposición de los calendarios civil-político, religioso y campesino; un tiempo cíclico, fruto de la incidencia del tiempo astronómico-meteorológico en la naturaleza y la consiguiente respuesta cultural en el plano instrumental (los trabajos agr

Temple consecration rituals in ancient India. Text and archaeology

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Slaczka, Anna Aleksandra

2006-01-01

The present dissertation concentrates on the study of construction rituals of the Hindu tradition, with special attention to the prathameshtakaanyaasa (the laying of the first stones), the garbhanyaasa (the placing of the consecration deposit) and the muurdheshtakaanyaasa (the placing of the

Afro-Venezuelan Music Rituals for Health and Community Wel

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2016-12-16

Dec 16, 2016 ... music, and ritual as a part of social and cultural identity in each town where the festivals of ... dance, illness, and social health, Saint John and Corpus Christi are two examples of complex ...... Caracas: Universidad Católica.

The Hmong 'Dab Pog Couple' Story and its Significance in Arriving at an Understanding of Hmong Ritual

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Dia Cha

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Many Hmong continue to believe in the efficacy, and commission the practice by shamans of, some of the more important traditional rituals, such as marriage rites (kab tshoob kev kos, "soul calling" (hu plig, healing rites (ua neeb or khaw koob, worshipping the "house spirit" (teev xwm kab, and funeral rites (kev ploj tuag. Certainly, however, there are those Hmong, especially among younger generations, who either choose not to participate in such rituals, or who participate in them without any clear comprehension of the deeper meaning or details; indeed, without any strongly held beliefs regarding the cosmological system which is the ritual's foundation, underpinning and supporting the call for the many actions, gestures, offerings and recitations which, in the final analysis, constitute the bulk of any such performance. This philosophical ambivalence on the part of modern celebrants renders the position of ritual in Hmong society somewhat problematic. In addition, the various Hmong clans have, in the past, of necessity resided in divergent geographical locales, and, as a result of this and other factors, have often espoused divergent, philosophically and culturally heterogeneous, beliefs. This, taken together with the fact that Hmong customs have been orally transmitted down the generations, has had the result that there may be several versions of the meaning, and method of performance, of any given ritual.The presentation that follows will discuss the "Dab Pog Couple" story as it bears upon the origins of Hmong cultural tradition and embedded social values. Such a consideration will, at the same time, serve to introduce and elucidate many of the meanings behind, and values attached to, Hmong rituals in general and will thus provide a contribution to the understanding of these rituals and their relation to Dab Neeg (Folk Legends within the Hmong cultural studies scholarly literature.Briefly stated, the Hmong believe that the "Dab Pog" couple

Tayub as a Symbolic Interaction Medium in Sedekah Bumi Ritual in Pati Regency

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Sisca Dwi Suryani

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This study aims to find, understand, and describe the process of symbolic interaction in sedekah bumi ritual and the supporting symbols of Tayub as the symbolic interaction medium in the ritual. This study applies qualitative methods with the holistic approach. The research was conducted in Dukuh Guyangan, Desa Sidoluhur, Kecamatan Jaken, Kabupaten Pati. In collecting the data, observation, interview, and documentation technique were implemented. Further, the data were analyzed using the technique of data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusion, as well as verification. The data was validated using the sources triangulation, the technique triangulation, and the time triangulation. Tayub as the medium of symbolic interaction realizes in four interaction processes, as follows: 1 symbolic interaction processes between the ritual actors and the spirits of ancestors reflected in kenduren procession held in punden, 2 symbolic interaction process between ledhek and pengibing that is embodied in ibingan, 3 symbolic interaction process between wiraswara and the audiences that is seen during the dance performance, 4 symbolic interaction process between pengrawit and ledhek that is reflected in the dance movements and the accompanying music. The meanings of symbol behind the ritual itself are reflected through the realization of symbolic interaction. It consists of three elements, as follows: 1 kenduren prayer, 2 offerings and ambeng, 3 Tayub dance.

The Physical Examination as Ritual: Social Sciences and Embodiment in the Context of the Physical Examination.

Science.gov (United States)

Costanzo, Cari; Verghese, Abraham

2018-05-01

The privilege of examining a patient is a skill of value beyond its diagnostic utility. A thorough physical examination is an important ritual that benefits patients and physicians. The concept of embodiment helps one understand how illness and pain further define and shape the lived experiences of individuals in the context of their race, gender, sexuality, and socioeconomic status. Understanding ritual in medicine, including the placebo effects of such rituals, reaffirms the centrality of the physical examination to the process of building strong physician-patient relationships. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

COW (ESHU) RITUAL IN THE FUNERAL RITE: THE SIGIFICANCE ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study made use of primary and secondary sources of information. ... manners are the animals killed? And (c) for what ..... A critical analysis of the cow ritual shows that the cow implies more .... A.B.C. Chiegboka, A.I. Okodo, E.C. Umezinwa,.

Reigniting tobacco ritual: waterpipe tobacco smoking establishment culture in the United States.

Science.gov (United States)

Carroll, Mary V; Chang, Judy; Sidani, Jaime E; Barnett, Tracey E; Soule, Eric; Balbach, Edith; Primack, Brian A

2014-12-01

Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is an increasingly prevalent form of tobacco use in the United States. Its appeal may stem from its social, ritualistic, and aesthetic nature. Our aim in this study was to understand WTS as a social ritual with the goal of informing prevention efforts. We conducted a covert observational study consisting of 38 observation sessions in 11 WTS establishments in 3 U.S. cities. Data collection was based on an established conceptual framework describing ritualistic elements of tobacco use. Iterative codebook development and qualitative thematic synthesis were used to analyze data. Atmospheres ranged from quiet coffee shop to boisterous bar party environments. While some children and older adults were present, the majority of clientele were young adults. Men and women were evenly represented. However, there were 19 occurrences of a male smoking by himself, but no women smoked alone. The vast majority (94%) of the clientele were actively smoking waterpipes. All 83 observed groups manifested at least 1 of the ritual elements of our conceptual framework, while 41 of the 83 observed groups (49%) demonstrated all 4 ritual elements. Despite its heterogeneity, WTS is often characterized by 1 or more established elements of a tobacco-related social ritual. It may be valuable for clinical and public health interventions to acknowledge and address the ritualistic elements and social function of WTS. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Los (defectos del texto: controversias en torno a las prácticas rituales de los musulmanes europeos The faults of the text: debates about the ritual practices of european muslims

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Alberto López Bargados

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Tras revisar la aplicación de las diversas teorías del ritual elaboradas por la antropología a contextos islámicos, y más específicamente los análisis efectuados sobre la práctica del sacrificio durante la festividad del Ayd al-adha, el artículo analiza las dificultades que encuentran las diversas comunidades musulmanas afincadas en Europa para llevar a cabo dicho sacrificio y las eventuales transformaciones a las que se ve sometida la práctica ritual. Asimismo, el artículo convierte las controversias que envuelven la práctica sacrificial islámica en Europa en un ejemplo ilustrativo de un problema general, a saber, el que se genera en torno al lugar que las prácticas religiosas deben ocupar en el espacio público europeo.After revising the application of the different theories of the ritual offered by anthropology in Muslim contexts, and more specifically, the analysis of the practice of the sacrifice during the Ayd al-adha feast, the article seeks out the problems that diverse Muslim communities settled in Europe encounter in order for the sacrifice to take place and the eventual changes that subdue the ritual practice. At the same time, the article considers the controversy surrounding the Muslim practice of sacrifice in Europe as an example of a general problem about the place that the religious practices should occupy in the European public sphere.

Resurrection imageries: A study of the motives for extravagant burial rituals in ancient Egypt

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Jock M. Agai

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Unlike in the New Testament whereby faith in Christ can resurrect the dead, the ancient Egyptians believed that the bereaved created the resurrection of their deceased through burial rituals and by encouraging the living to serve their kings. They thought that faith alone in god or the gods was not enough to resurrect the dead, thus they seemingly superimposed resurrection alongside burials. Using the various forms of Egyptian burial rituals and evaluated from the perspective of the Christian concept of resurrection, this researcher attempts to search for the motives behind specific Egyptian burial rituals. The researcher proposes that the activities of the bereaved or of the living over the dead were paramount in resurrecting the dead in ancient Egypt. The purpose of this research is, firstly, to explain how the Egyptian burial rituals influenced their thoughts on resurrection and, secondly, to show that the Egyptian god(s might have depended on the living to raise the dead.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The ancient Egyptians lived their lives mainly to satisfy the interests of the dead, hence their extensive burial rituals. Whilst they believed in the power of the gods to raise the dead, there seemed to be another motive behind their burial practices which suggested that the living may have had more power to raise the dead. The power was realised in the activities of the living in the form of burials, tomb designs, mummification, food offering, and in remembering the dead. This research explains that these burial activities were relevant in resurrecting the dead without which the gods alone were not able to do that.

The plants, rituals and spells that 'cured' helminthiasis in Sicily

Science.gov (United States)

Napoli, Mariangela

2008-01-01

Background The author reports on the plants, rituals and spells used against worms and the so-called scantu (fright) in some areas of Sicily. The work is based on ethnobotanical research carried out, prevalently, between 2002-2006, in some areas of Eastern, South-Eastern, North-Central and South-Central Sicily. Methods This research is based on dialogue. Senior 'healers' were contacted; furthermore, doctors, teachers, farmers and in general 'experts' with herbs and 'magic' rituals. Information was collected about the way the plants of folk medicine are prepared. The interviewees were also invited to recite prayers and spells against helminthiasis. Results The author has highlighted the importance of how, in some parts of Sicily, some ailments like helminthiasis and other correlated pathologies like scantu are 'treated' and, especially within the rural social classes, by folk medicine remedies, herbal practises, particular prayers, rituals and spells. Conclusion As regards health/illness, it should be noted that in the last ten years conventional medicine has provided very satisfactory results even resolving potentially mortal pathologies. However, in certain social classes, there is no real collaboration between conventional and folk medicine; so for some senior citizens, the 'healer' with his rituals and empirical and magical herbs is still the person to turn to for the 'cure' of particular ailments. Interest in these practises from ancestral heritage in an advanced country like Italy, is only relevant if the aim is to recoup a cultural identity which is already in decline. It is significant to report a piece: on 14 October 2007 the news on a well-known national Italian TV channel reported an interview with a 94 year-old man from Arbatax (Sardinia) referred to as a 'healer' because both his townspeople and others from all over the world go to him for his cures. He is not paid except in kind and has been known to cure St. Anthony's fire, burns, scalding and marine

Ties That Bind: Building and Maintaining Strong Parent-Child Relationships through Family Traditions and Rituals.

Science.gov (United States)

Franklin, Diane, Ed.; Bankston, Karen, Ed.

This booklet discusses the importance of family rituals as a way of staying connected to children as they move through adolescence. Family rituals give teens a sense of being part of a family that values its time together. Even something as simple as a family meal together can have great impact on maintaining a bond between parents and children.…

Rite de transition : a design choreographic exploration of cultural value exchange, through development of intercultural ritual artefacts

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kint, J.M.L.; Klooster, S.; Levy, P.D.; Levy, P.D.; Schütte, S.; Yamanaka, T.

2014-01-01

This research project is called Rite de transition. By means of DesignChoreography; an approach developed by Sietske Klooster; we explore the rituals revolving around traditional Turkish marriage. In due course; inspired by an emotional and auto-ethnographic interpretation of the explored rituals;

Stalinist ritual and belief system : Reflections on "political religion"

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van Ree, E.

2016-01-01

This article offers a critical assessment of the Political Religion Theory on the basis of a comparative analysis of the Orthodox and Stalinist belief systems and ritual. The theory works under the assumption that sacralisation of secular objects endows these objects with a transcendental, divine

Objetos rituales e identidad

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Monserrat Ventura i Oller

2000-12-01

Full Text Available El chamanismo especialmente en las sociedades indígenas de América del Sur, se ha caracterizado por un complejo sistema de intercambio interétnico material y simbólico. Como parte de este sistema, los objetos utilizados en los rituales chamánicos no pueden ser interpretados a partir del significado que les otorga cada cultura particular de la que son originarios. Sino que deben ser analizados a partir del significado que cada cultura receptora da a su mundo sobrenatural, que es usualmente representado por formas materiales variables y diversas. Este tema será ilustrado con la etnografía del grupo indígena Tsachila del Ecuador, que despliega una extensa y compleja red de intercambios chamánicos.

Replication of the "Social Rituals and Mental Health: A Novel Approach to Early Intervention in Mental Illness" Project in an Iranian Setting

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Azadeh Malekian

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Background: The present study is a replication of a study designed by the University of Western Australia (UWA. The hypothesis examined is that the deteriorating mental functioning which occurs during early stages of mental illness are recognizable in the form of altered sensitivity to expected rituals and an altered ability to perform the rituals appropriately. The present study aimed to evaluate the cultural applicability and feasibility of the Social Rituals Interview Schedule (SRIS within the Iranian culture, and to assemble a culture-specific repertoire of social rituals in Iran. In addition, it aimed to examine the extent to which disturbances in everyday expected social rituals can be used for the early identification of individuals, families, and communities who have, or are at risk of soon developing, poor mental health. Methods: The SRIS domains of social rituals were discussed in an expert focus group discussion and during key informant interviews with mental health patients and their care-givers. Results: The concept of social rituals was acknowledged as being applicable and relevant in detecting early alterations in one's mental health condition. All domains of the SRIS were also confirmed as culturally applicable in the Iranian setting. A new domain named “Religious Rituals" was added to the domains already identified by UWA researchers as a significant and culturally sensitive domain of the social rituals in Iran. A culturally modified Farsi version of the SRIS -applicable and valid for use within the Iranian culture- was produced. Conclusion: Both the social rituals concept and the produced Farsi version of its Interview schedule were regarded as culturally applicable to provide a foundation for planning prospective tools for early recognition of mental health deterioration in Iranian settings.

Breaking the Waves: Routines and Rituals in Entrepreneurship Education

Science.gov (United States)

Neergaard, Helle; Christensen, Dorthe Refslund

2017-01-01

Learning is related to the environment created for the learning experience. This environment is often highly routinized and involves a certain social structure, but in entrepreneurship education, such routinization and structure may actually counteract the learning goals. This article investigates how classroom routines and rituals impact on…

Pueblos, rituales y condiciones de vida prehispánicas en el Valle del Cauca

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Cuenca, José Vicente

2005-01-01

El Valle del Cauca estuvo habitado por diversos pueblos que desarrollaron ingeniosas estrategias adaptativas con el propósito de mantener el equilibrio homeostasis entre la producción de recursos y su consumo. Los sacrificios humanos, las cabezas trofeo, el canibalismo ritual, los festejos asociados a las cosechas, los rituales funerarios, el sostenimiento de tierras de nadie en áreas fronterizas, los mismos combates organizados entre grupos rivales, la exogamia, la reprocidad y el intercambi...

Reading Romance: The Impact Facebook Rituals Can Have On A Romantic Relationship

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Greg Bowe B.A. Mod

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Despite the fact that research has identified intimate relationships as being an important factor in how people look to present themselves on social networking sites, there still remains a lack of research in this domain. By comparing trends inside the rituals of the relationship status, public displays of affection and photographs on Facebook this paper examines how they can impact a relationship in the offline world by discussing the extent to which the design and features of the site can impact the emotional repertoire of its users. Results highlighted that the website has the potential to provide a new focus and channel for a person to depict where their relationship is going, feeling rules can be attached to certain rituals on the website. By focusing on the relationship statusoption and public displays of affection, it was emphasized that these rituals accentuate themes of possession and territory and can be used to configure a couple’s superiority. The discussion on photographs illustrated how the website can bring problems and jealousy to the relationship, particularly when the ‘ex-partner’ was taken into account.

Dinner Rituals That Correlate with Child and Adult BMI

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wansink, B.; Kleef, van E.

2014-01-01

Objective: What predicts whether a child will be at risk for obesity? Whereas past research has focused on foods, eating habits, feeding styles, and family meal patterns, this study departs from a food-centric approach to examine how various dinner rituals might influence the BMIs of children and

Ritual Slaughter, Animal Welfare and the Freedom of Religion

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Sap, J.W.; Zoethout, Carla; van der Schyff, Gerhard

2017-01-01

According to traditional Jewish and Islamic law, animals must be slaughtered by a single cut to the throat. The practice of ritual slaughter has become controversial to the extent that it is interpreted as precluding animals from being stunned first. This raises a number of important and related

Reclaiming space for learning in liturgical contexts: Cracks in the maxim of the uselessness of liturgical ritual

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Marcel Barnard

2012-02-01

Full Text Available The problem addressed in this article is, that empirical and theoretical research appears to demonstrate that liturgy often aims at certain results. This, however, puts the widely accepted notion in Liturgical Studies of the so-called uselessness of liturgical ritual under pressure. Against this background in Liturgical Studies the aim of this article is to reclaim space in academic discourses on liturgy for learning in liturgical contexts. The latter is done by presenting several liturgical models, revisiting arguments regarding the (non functionality of ritual or religion and also by reflecting on ritual-liturgical data that the authors personally collected as part of two research projects.

Reclaiming space for learning in liturgical contexts: Cracks in the maxim of the uselessness of liturgical ritual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcel Barnard

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The problem addressed in this article is, that empirical and theoretical research appears to demonstrate that liturgy often aims at certain results. This, however, puts the widely accepted notion in Liturgical Studies of the so-called uselessness of liturgical ritual under pressure. Against this background in Liturgical Studies the aim of this article is to reclaim space in academic discourses on liturgy for learning in liturgical contexts. The latter is done by presenting several liturgical models, revisiting arguments regarding the (non functionality of ritual or religion and also by reflecting on ritual-liturgical data that the authors personally collected as part of two research projects.

the cultural and historical significance of malopo ritual: a pedi

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Produced by SUN MeDIA Bloemfontein. M.E.K. Lebaka ... rituals are aimed at enriching the personal and social life of the Pedi community. 1. INTRODUCTION ... generations by means of oral tradition, by word of mouth. Music experts often ...

An ancient Maya ritual cache at Pook's Hill, Belize

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stemp, W. James; Braswell, Geoffrey E.; Helmke, Christophe

2018-01-01

, the edge and surface wear on most of the used obsidian blades are consistent with other functions, including cutting meat/skin/fresh hide, cutting or sawing wood and dry hide, cutting or sawing other soft and hard materials, and scraping hard materials. Clearly, not all blades from this ritual deposit were...

Antropo-Semiótica del cambio ritual: de los viejos a los nuevos ritos

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José Enrique Finol

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Algunas de las preguntas claves que debemos hacernos cuando comparamos viejos ritos –religiosos, cósmicos, cíclicos– con los nuevos ritos propios de las sociedades modernas, donde han irrumpido con fuerza los medios de difusión masiva, son cuáles rasgos constituyen sus diferencias, en qué niveles y circunstancias dichas diferencias se realizan, por qué unos ritos cambian radicalmente y otros no, de dónde proceden esos cambios y qué los facilita; lo que conduce, a su vez, a preguntarse por su orientación y dirección semiótica. Nuestro análisis comparativo de antiguos y modernos ritos nos muestra diferencias en cuatro órdenes distintos: las dimensiones de las formas, la rigidez de las normas, los límites del escenario y la esfera de la comunicación. Ese análisis nos permitirá clasificar los cambios de ritos en intra-rituales, inter-rituales y trans-rituales.

Mitos y rituales familiares en familias desplazadas reubicadas en Bogotá

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Brianda Sarmiento

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo expone los resultados de un proceso conversacional acerca de los mitos y rituales creados, comparando el lugar de origen con el sitio actual de residencia, como parte de una investigación con tres familias en situación de desplazamiento forzado que se han reubicado en Bogotá. El objetivo general fue construir con estas familias una comprensión acerca de la relación entre la situación de desplazamiento y las formas cómo se modifican, se mantienen o se crean mitos y rituales en torno a categorías tales como la cultura, la idiosincrasia familiar, la vida cotidiana y los eventos de ciclo vital, comparando el sitio de origen con el lugar actual de residencia. El método fue descriptivo y comprensivo con una estrategia cualitativa. Se encontró que los mitos y rituales cambian adaptándose a la vida urbana. Se fortalecen los que promueven la unión al interior de la familia, pero los relacionados con la comunidad disminuyen por falta de recursos, falta de pertenencia y como forma de protegerse de peligros externos. Esto genera en las familias la percepción de un empobrecimiento de su vida social, pero también la sensación de fortaleza al interior para afrontar el evento del desplazamiento.

Transcultural use of narcotic water lilies in ancient Egyptian and Maya drug ritual.

Science.gov (United States)

Emboden, W A

1981-01-01

Comparisons are made between ancient ritual uses of the flowers of Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae) in Maya and Egyptian civilizations. Recurrent motifs encountered in the art of both of these ancient civilizations suggests that the role fo the water lily was that of a narcotic (psychodysleptic) used to mediate ecstasis among a priestly caste. Relevant literature is reviewed as are chemical data. Elements in the complex belief systems of these two civilizations need to be reinterpreted in view of the use of two water lilies as ritual narcotics. The species implicated are Nymphaea caerulea Sav., in Egypt, and N. ampla DC., among the Maya.

A rebirth for the pharaoh: reflections on the classification of the new kingdom divine birth cycle as a ritual

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Mia Rikala

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The interpretation of rituals enacted, or represented,in the temples of Egypt is limited by the often sparse survival of evidence; most of our knowledge of the Egyptian temple cult comes from the temples of the Graeco-Roman period. This paper deals with an aspect of ancient Egyptian divine kingship, the divine birth cycle, and the question of its rituality. The focus is on the well-known but somewhat enigmatic event of engendering the divine child (i.e. the king, as depicted during the New Kingdom period. Following the various types of ritual classification, one might be tempted to interpret the divine birth cycle as a political ritual designed to legitimize the pharaoh's rule. At the same time, it coequals with various aspects of religious renewal, such as the annual re-creation, and rebirth of the pharaonic state through its socio-ideological self, represented by the king. In this respect, one might categorize divine birth as a festival or calendrical rite. The purpose of this paper is to explore various ways of interpreting the divine birth cycle as a ritual, or as a religious representation of a different type.

The Animal Sacrifice in Religious Rituals or Beliefs

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Tereza Rodrigues Vieira

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Based on a bibliographical research, this article has the scope of the analysis of the sacrifice of nonhuman animals in religious rituals or beliefs practiced in Brazilian territory. By bringing moral, ethical and legal support, this national reality will be discussed in order to arrive at an answer of which good should be protected and guaranteed: religious freedom or the life of nonhuman animals?

Family Rituals and Quality of Life in Children With Cancer and Their Parents: The Role of Family Cohesion and Hope

Science.gov (United States)

Crespo, Carla; Canavarro, M. Cristina; Kazak, Anne E.

2015-01-01

Objective Family rituals are associated with adaptive functioning in pediatric illness, including quality of life (QoL). This article explores the role of family cohesion and hope as mediators of this association in children with cancer and their parents. Methods Portuguese children with cancer (N = 389), on- and off-treatment, and one of their parents completed self-report measures. Structural equation modeling was used to examine direct and indirect links between family rituals and QoL. Results When children and parents reported higher levels of family rituals, they also reported more family cohesion and hope, which were linked to better QoL. At the dyadic level, children’s QoL was related to parents’ family rituals through the child’s family cohesion. This model was valid across child’s age-group, treatment status, and socioeconomic status. Conclusions Family rituals are important in promoting QoL in pediatric cancer via family cohesion and hope individually and via family cohesion in terms of parent–child interactions. PMID:25775914

Ludic role of religious rituals. The use of play for religious ceremony

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Ciocan Tudor Cosmin

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This paper was made as part of a wider research I made about rituals and their meaning and roles they are playing in the religious system of thinking. The way they are thought, displayed, precisely followed as instructed and believed, makes them a powerful social act that has been always provided by any religion, and also a tool for religion to make the human society what it is today. After I speak about what is a ritual and its religious content in general, I am enumerating roles and functions of play and theatre in particular have, both for profane and religious purpose. Do we still use play/games as adults because they are rewarding, they give us pleasure? They are used as means of relaxation, or for continuing the age of childhood; or it is in our nature to play games in everything we do? In this paper I have emphasized play as adaptive potentiation or adaptive variability useful both in therapy, as in religious ceremony. The relation and comparison of rituals with play is due to the fact that playing is the most engaging behavior performed by man and animals, and it can be found as foundation of almost any ritualist activity.

TIME IN IGBO COSMOLOGY: THE RITUAL AND ITS VALUES Anayo ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dean SPGS NAU

In the Igbo traditional concept, time is reckoned in an abstract terms. The Igbo man .... born on Eke day and being the day omabe ritual was going on at the. OnuOmabe ... concern that a particular moon may be calculated differently by different ...

[Ritual use of Anadenanthera seeds among South America natives].

Science.gov (United States)

Carod-Artal, F J; Vázquez Cabrera, C B

2007-01-01

Several South-American native societies snuff psychoactive seeds in magic-religious rituals since ancient times. To describe archeological, historical and ethnographical evidences regarding the ritual use of vilca or yopo (Anadenanthera sp). Anadenanthera seeds were used in South America 3,000 years ago. Archeological studies found vilca seeds in funerary tombs from 1,000 BC in the north of Chile and Argentina; ceramics and snuff tubes were found in San Pedro de Atacama archeological sites from the same data, and in Tiwanaku ceremonial center in Bolivian Altiplano. Today, Anadenanthera sp is used by several native groups in Orinoco basin, where is known as yopo, and in the Brazilian and Colombian Amazon. Hallucinogenic effect is due to the presence of methyl-tryptamine derivatives. Most snuff is prepared from the roasted and powdered seeds, vegetable ash and/or lime obtained from shells. Archeological and ethnographical data suggest that vilca was used and is still used by native shamans as a sacred seed in South America, due to its hallucinogenic effects.

Prácticas rituales ibéricas en La Cueva del Sapo (Chiva, Valencia: más allá del caliciforme

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Sonia MACHAUSE LÓPEZ

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados del estudio interdisciplinar del yacimiento ibérico de la Cueva del Sapo (Chiva, Valencia. Las características del conjunto estudiado muestran un contexto ritual que sería frecuentado entre los SS. V-II a. C. La diversidad cronológica y material así como el volumen de restos indican la existencia de varias actividades rituales intermitentes, no generalizadas y que se suceden en el tiempo. Nos acercamos a ellas a través de la presencia de restos de fauna, con escasas evidencias de consumo que reflejan un ritual principal en torno a la figura del ciervo, huesos humanos sin incinerar con marcas que demuestran un tratamiento concreto del cadáver ligado a un complejo ritual funerario en época ibérica y otros materiales –cerámicas, metales y carbones– que también son pruebas de una actividad ritual en la cueva, cuyas características difieren de los criterios tradicionales establecidos para las cuevas con materiales ibéricos. Todos estos factores nos hacen replantearnos la definición tradicional, todavía vigente, para este tipo de contextos rituales, cargada en algunas ocasiones de excesivas generalizaciones.

«Red Ritualism» in the Territory of Don Oblast in 1923-1924

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Tabunshchikova Liudmila

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The birth, development and extinction peculiarities of the “Red Ritualism” (new traditions and rituals of Soviet Russia in the territory of Don Oblast in 1923–1924 are considered in this article on the basis of the regional periodicals of 1920. The Soviet Government was interested in new ritualism from the first revolution years till the beginning of 1930 and in the period of the Khrushchev Thaw (the end of the 1950 — the beginning of the 1960 . The article is devoted to the investigation of theses processes at the regional level in the first half-year of the 1920. The struggle with survives of time was on of the most evident areas of the anti-religious activity of the Goverment in the fi rst half-year of the 1920 th. After the company of church values confiscation the Government stroke an ideological blow at the way of life — they created “civil funeral”, “red marriage” and “octyabriny” (a name-day, the soviet ritual as an alternative of christening. In the Don region theses rituals appeared in 1923. “The red christening” was the most popular, “the civil funeral” was the least one. These processes were mostly spread in the cities and in a less degree in the villages. While in the whole country in 1925 the interest toward the “red ritualism” reached the peak, in the Donskaya oblast it was fading away. The author in this work uses the archive materials that were not published previously. The article will be useful for the specialists and other people interested in the given subject.

The Political Economy of Desire in Ritual and Activism in SriLanka (abstract

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Wim Van Daele

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Amidst the complexity of the development-religion nexus, this chapter examines desire and its varying expressions as fundamental concerns of many religions motivating both development and alternatives to development. In Sri Lanka, as people deal with social change, the neoliberal and globalised development is understood and re-interpreted through local idioms and formations of desire. The neoliberal economy cultivates desire and, as such, leads to a perceived increase in the presence of pretas (greedy, hungry ghosts that occasionally emerge when people die. The hungry ghosts, as fetishised formations of desire, resonate with consumers and entrepreneurs, who exhibit an insatiable hunger for ever more material wealth. Hence, the ritual appeasement of hungry ghosts and the social activism of groups such as the Movement for National Land and Agricultural Reform are clearly linked by their mutual concern with the existential insecurity of fellow human and non-human beings caused by excessive and unbalanced desire. However, the explicit articulation of specific concerns regarding desire diverges between ritual action and social activism. Ritual materialises and condenses the anxiety related to desire, whereas social activism describes the fetishisation of desire in more abstract economic, political and scientific terms.

Tony Yengeni's ritual slaughter: Animal anti-cruelty vs. Culture ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

I address the question: 'Are acts of the ritual slaughter of animals, of the kind recently engaged in by the Yengeni family, morally justifiable?' Using the. Yengeni incident as a springboard for my discussion, I focus on the moral question of the relative weight of two competing ethical claims. I weigh the claim that we have an ...

Ritual use of currency in Laimbwe history, Cameroon | Kah | Lwati: A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ritual use of currency in Laimbwe history, Cameroon. ... exchange and a measurement of value to replace other indigenous currencies, had an impact ... social classes and the re-enforcement of the socio-political order of the Laimbwe people.

The trajectories of Christianity and African ritual practices: the public ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In South Africa, there are mainly two Christian traditions on Christianity and African ritual practices. One being from missionaries and now mainly trailed by most white Mainline Churches and Pentecostal Churches. The other is by African Independent Churches (AIC). The first group oppose and condemn Christian ...

A ritual on the Comrades Marathon | Van Vuuren | South African ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The race challenges its participants in terms of a combination of constraints, such as the spatial, physical, temporal and the psychological. An auto-ethnographical research methodology is applied in combination with literature on ritual and sports, such as distance running, karate, the Olympic Games and triathlon.

Satanism, ritual abuse, and multiple personality disorder: a sociohistorical perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Mulhern, S

1994-10-01

During the past decade in North America, a growing number of mental health professionals have reported that between 25% and 50% of their patients in treatment for multiple personality disorder (MPD) have recovered early childhood traumatic memories of ritual torture, incestuous rape, sexual debauchery, sacrificial murder, infanticide, and cannibalism perpetrated by members of clandestine satanic cults. Although hundreds of local and federal police investigations have failed to corroborate patients' therapeutically constructed accounts, because the satanic etiology of MPD is logically coherent with the neodissociative, traumatic theory of psychopathology, conspiracy theory has emerged as the nucleus of a consistent pattern of contemporary clinical interpretation. Resolutely logical and thoroughly operational, ultrascientific psychodemonology remains paradoxically oblivious to its own irrational premises. When the hermetic logic of conspiracy theory is stripped away by historical and socio/psychological analysis, however, the hypothetical perpetrators of satanic ritual abuse simply disappear, leaving in their wake the very real human suffering of all those who have been caught up in the social delusion.

AJAPÜJAWA (DREAM SPIRIT IN THE WAYUU DEATH AND VENGEANCE RITUALS

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Fanny Longa Romero

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The wayuu are an Indian people of the Arawak linguistic family which lives in the Guajira Peninsula, in Northeast Colombia, on the Caribbean Sea, and the Western border of Venezuela. This paper studies the relation between existing and expressed ajapüjawa (dream spirit and other beings (plants, dead people, with intent, that will guide and influence the daily practices of the wayuu. The purpose here is to explore the agency from these existing rituals of death and revenge. I claim that these rituals provide information about the construction of the notion of person by the wayuu people through a symbolic economy of alterity. The wayuu people build, experience, and signify their cultural dynamics through the interference of active spiritual entities that impinge both upon life and death as two continuous, though separate, realms of social life.

''Your Big Wedding Day''. Temporal Goal in Church Marriage Rituals

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Robinson, R.; Hermans, C.A.M.; Scheepers, P.L.H.; Schilderman, J.B.A.M.

2007-01-01

In this contribution the authors explore notions about the origin and destiny of bridal couples’ relationships from participants’ views of church marriage rituals. A church wedding can be a pivotal moment in a bridal couple’s life, and on these occasions people tend to contemplate the past and the

Family Rituals and Quality of Life in Children With Cancer and Their Parents: The Role of Family Cohesion and Hope.

Science.gov (United States)

Santos, Susana; Crespo, Carla; Canavarro, M Cristina; Kazak, Anne E

2015-08-01

Family rituals are associated with adaptive functioning in pediatric illness, including quality of life (QoL). This article explores the role of family cohesion and hope as mediators of this association in children with cancer and their parents. Portuguese children with cancer (N = 389), on- and off-treatment, and one of their parents completed self-report measures. Structural equation modeling was used to examine direct and indirect links between family rituals and QoL. When children and parents reported higher levels of family rituals, they also reported more family cohesion and hope, which were linked to better QoL. At the dyadic level, children's QoL was related to parents' family rituals through the child's family cohesion. This model was valid across child's age-group, treatment status, and socioeconomic status. Family rituals are important in promoting QoL in pediatric cancer via family cohesion and hope individually and via family cohesion in terms of parent-child interactions. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Rituals to free the spirit – or what the cremation pyre told

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Karen Høilund

2009-01-01

Sammenligning og diskussion af begravelsesriterne på gravpladsen Lindholm Høje (400-800 e.kr.) og skriftlige overleveringer om brandbegravelser og ledsagende ritualer, herunder hos Ibn Fadlan og i Beowulf-kvadet....

Children's Religious Knowledge: Implications for Understanding Satanic Ritual Abuse Allegations.

Science.gov (United States)

Goodman, Gail S.; Quas, Jodi A.; Bottoms, Bette L.; Qin, Jianjian; Shaver, Phillip R.

1997-01-01

Using a structured interview, 48 3- to 16-year-old children were questioned about their knowledge of religious and satanic concepts. Although few children evinced direct knowledge of ritual abuse, many revealed general knowledge of satanism and satanic worship. Results suggest that most children probably do not generally possess sufficient…

The phenomenon of prehistoric ritual pits: Several examples from the central Balkans

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Bulatović Aleksandar P.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In recent years, the phenomenon of pits with special deposits, i.e. ritual pits, seems to have, once again, attracted attention both in Europe and in the Balkans. In the central Balkans, scientific literature related to this topic is still deficient, hence one of the objectives of this paper is to change the current state and rekindle interest in the study of this form of manifestation of the spiritual culture of prehistoric man. It appears that one of the oldest reasons for sacrificial offerings is primal, instinctive fear. The fear of the transience of life or of death compelled our ancient ancestors to make some sort of “agreement” with the surrounding forces, bestowing particular sacrifices onto them. Sacrifice represents one of the rituals of prehistoric communities which could have been performed in a number of ways and in different circumstances. One of these are offerings placed in pits, in the form of specific objects, food, drink or living beings sacrificed to higher powers and accompanied by certain symbolic actions, for the purpose of gaining their favour or help. When interpreting pits, what should further be considered is that the fundamental difference between a discarded object and an object used for a ritual purpose lies in the fact that the object of ritual character is still meaningful to man, performing a symbolic function, unlike the former, whose role is lost after being disposed of. Aritual object, an item or a living being sacrificed in a pit, is no longer of common, worldly significance (food, drink, tools, etc., but rather possesses a symbolic, sacral meaning, intended for higher powers, to propitiate and appease them, that is to create some form of the oldest religious communication. Not only is it difficult to identify the pits used for ritual purposes in the course of fieldwork, but it is even more challenging to interpret them and practically impossible to accurately reconstruct the actions performed during the

Midichlorians--the biomeme hypothesis: is there a microbial component to religious rituals?

Science.gov (United States)

Panchin, Alexander Y; Tuzhikov, Alexander I; Panchin, Yuri V

2014-07-02

Cutting edge research of human microbiome diversity has led to the development of the microbiome-gut-brain axis concept, based on the idea that gut microbes may have an impact on the behavior of their human hosts. Many examples of behavior-altering parasites are known to affect members of the animal kingdom. Some prominent examples include Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (fungi), Toxoplasma gondii (protista), Wolbachia (bacteria), Glyptapanteles sp. (arthropoda), Spinochordodes tellinii (nematomorpha) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (flat worm). These organisms belong to a very diverse set of taxonomic groups suggesting that the phenomena of parasitic host control might be more common in nature than currently established and possibly overlooked in humans. Some microorganisms would gain an evolutionary advantage by encouraging human hosts to perform certain rituals that favor microbial transmission. We hypothesize that certain aspects of religious behavior observed in the human society could be influenced by microbial host control and that the transmission of some religious rituals could be regarded as the simultaneous transmission of both ideas (memes) and parasitic organisms. We predict that next-generation microbiome sequencing of samples obtained from gut or brain tissues of control subjects and subjects with a history of voluntary active participation in certain religious rituals that promote microbial transmission will lead to the discovery of microbes, whose presence has a consistent and positive association with religious behavior. Our hypothesis also predicts a decline of participation in religious rituals in societies with improved sanitation. If proven true, our hypothesis may provide insights on the origin and pervasiveness of certain religious practices and provide an alternative explanation for recently published positive associations between parasite-stress and religiosity. The discovery of novel microorganisms that affect host behavior may improve our

Midichlorians - the biomeme hypothesis: is there a microbial component to religious rituals?

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

Background Cutting edge research of human microbiome diversity has led to the development of the microbiome-gut-brain axis concept, based on the idea that gut microbes may have an impact on the behavior of their human hosts. Many examples of behavior-altering parasites are known to affect members of the animal kingdom. Some prominent examples include Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (fungi), Toxoplasma gondii (protista), Wolbachia (bacteria), Glyptapanteles sp. (arthropoda), Spinochordodes tellinii (nematomorpha) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (flat worm). These organisms belong to a very diverse set of taxonomic groups suggesting that the phenomena of parasitic host control might be more common in nature than currently established and possibly overlooked in humans. Presentation of the hypothesis Some microorganisms would gain an evolutionary advantage by encouraging human hosts to perform certain rituals that favor microbial transmission. We hypothesize that certain aspects of religious behavior observed in the human society could be influenced by microbial host control and that the transmission of some religious rituals could be regarded as the simultaneous transmission of both ideas (memes) and parasitic organisms. Testing the hypothesis We predict that next-generation microbiome sequencing of samples obtained from gut or brain tissues of control subjects and subjects with a history of voluntary active participation in certain religious rituals that promote microbial transmission will lead to the discovery of microbes, whose presence has a consistent and positive association with religious behavior. Our hypothesis also predicts a decline of participation in religious rituals in societies with improved sanitation. Implications of the hypothesis If proven true, our hypothesis may provide insights on the origin and pervasiveness of certain religious practices and provide an alternative explanation for recently published positive associations between parasite-stress and

Las comadronas y su oficio ritual

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Oscar Liendo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En Chichicastenango, ciudad ritual del mundo indígena guatemalteco, se realizó recientemente el IV Encuentro Nacional de Comadornas. Una treintena de comadronas, representantes de los cuatro grupos étnicos predominantes en el país, se reunieron para discutir una serie de problemas que ellas afrontan diariamente. El acto fue auspiciado por UNICEF y el Ministerio de Salud de Guatemala, instituciones que vienen apoyándolas desde hace más de cuatro años en capacitación participativa y gestión de fondos rotatorios para adquirir sus materiales e instrumentos de trabajo, como desinfectantes, ligaduras o mantas para recibir al bebé.

204 Prevalence of Ritual Images in Yoruba Nollywood Films and the ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

films; Okanran (2014), Alani Pamolekun (2015) and Ija Yemoja. (2016) on the .... African nationalism and cultural identity.” In support of this ... ritual themes in Yoruba movies is a subject for research. In view of .... In order to make the new place ...

Ritualism in transition. A study on the preferences of corporeal destiny

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Paula Analía Pochintesta

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to present a few of the results from my Ph.D. research. This is a comparative analysis on ritual preferences regarding own death expressed by middle-aged people (cohort of 1957 and 1972 and people in the fourth age (cohort of 1917 and 1932. The data is collected from biographical interviews conducted in 2009 and 2012 in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The results show a transformation in funerary practices and customs in the urban context in the last years. The analysis indicates that for middle-aged people there is a preeminence for cremation which defines the dematerialization of death. Both the rejection to cemeteries and funeral ceremonies reflecta changing ritualism. Appreciation of cemeteries and burials, however, characterizesthe cohort of the fourth age and constructsa different relation between the alive and the dead.

The Sugi sakit Ritual storytelling in a Saribas Iban rite of healing

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Clifford Sather

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This paper describes a Saribas Iban rite of healing called the Sugi sakit. What distinguished this rite from other forms of Saribas Iban healing was that it incorporated within its performance a long narrative epic concerned with the adventures and love affairs of an Iban culture hero named Bujang Sugi. Here I explore the language used by Iban priest bards both in telling the Sugi epic and in performing the larger ritual drama in which it was set, and look, in particular, at how the Sugi epic, which was otherwise told for entertainment, was integrated into this drama and recast by the priest bards as they performed the ritual, so that it not only entertained their listeners, but also served as a serious instrument of healing.

The fear of the Lord as key pastoral guidance, for a healing ministry to survivors of generational ritual abuse / by Karen Hayward

OpenAIRE

Hayward, Karen

2010-01-01

Generational ritual abuse within satanic or fertility (abusive witchcraft) cults is a controversial subject. This study shows that, while not all reported memories may be true, False Memory Syndrome is not an intrinsic scientific reality of generational ritual abuse. Recent publications under the editorial pens of Noblitt and Perskin Noblitt (2008), as well as Sachs and Galton (2008), describe the types of abuse and torture perpetrated in various forms of ritual abuse (including the results o...

Sacra loca y armamento. Algunas reflexiones en torno a la presencia de armas no funcionales en contextos rituales

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Gabaldón Martínez, María del Mar

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Many weapons from the Ancient Past have been found in archaeological contexts defined by its ritual character such as graves, sanctuaries or votive deposits. Precisely from these archaeological contexts came most of the findings of weapons with no military function. Some of them were manipulated (symbolically or physically for ritual purposes and the others were made for an exclusively ritual or ceremonial function.Un gran número de armas del pasado proceden de contextos arqueológicos definidos por su carácter ritual, ya sean las sepulturas, los santuarios o los «depósitos votivos». En estos contextos arqueológicos se han hallado la mayor parte de las armas que no tienen función para el combate, bien porque han sido transformadas (física o simbólicamente, bien porque han sido creadas (destinadas para tener un uso exclusivamente ritual o ceremonial. [fr] Un grand nombre d’armes antiques provient de contextes archéologiques définis par leur caractère rituel, qu’il s’agisse des sépultures, des sanctuaires ou des dépôts votifs. C’est dans ces contextes qu’on été retrouvées la majorité des armes dépourvues de fonctionnalité militaire, soit parce que leurs caractéristiques ont été altérées (matériellement ou symboliquement, soit parce qu’elles ont été spécialement fabriquées dans un but rituel ou cérémonial.

Sensing Hinduism: Lucian-Indian Funeral “Feast” as Glocalized Ritual1

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Sabita Manian

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Migrant narratives of Indo-Caribbean religious practices in the smaller island states of the Caribbean are rare, and that Diaspora’s funerary traditions are even less explored. This scholarly lacuna is addressed here by using data from ethnographic research conducted in St. Lucia to examine the funerary ritual of a Lucian-Indian “feast” through the multidisciplinary lens of glocalization. Specifically, we investigate the following: (a ways that the diasporic identity of Lucian-Indians has been adapted and re-configured within a local-global nexus; (b the extent to which there has been a local construction of a distinct socio-spatial identity among Lucian-Indians, one retaining “Hinduness” even as they assimilated into the larger St. Lucian society; and (c whether glocal characteristics can be identified in the performance of a particular funeral feast. Following Roudometof, we posit that many aspects of a Lucian-Indian ethno-religious funerary ritual demonstrate indigenized and transnational glocalization.

Interpretando el genesis del descanso: una aproximación a los mitos y rituales del turismo

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Korstanje, Maximiliano

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The myths and the rituals have been analyzed during a lot of time by the anthropology. However, few of them are linked to the processes of rest and to the logic of the work. The following article seeks to be a novel contribution, to the function of the vacations like ritual processes of atonement. The state of art is based on two Mircea Eliade works -titled Myth and Reality, published in 1968; and The Myth of the Eternal Return, re-printed in 2006.

Prolonged toxicity from Kambo cleansing ritual.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Kai; Horng, Howard; Lynch, Kara; Smollin, Craig G

2018-04-02

Kambo cleanse is a purification, cleansing ritual traditionally performed by South American shaman to confer luck and health to hunters. We report a patient who presented to the emergency department with prolonged symptoms of vomiting, flushing, facial swelling, altered mental status, and agitation requiring chemical restraints, 22 h after a Kambo cleanse. The patient was found with four small, circular, superficial burns to the ankle at the site where the resin was introduced. The cleanse consists of rubbing resin obtained from the secretions of the giant leaf frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) into superficial wounds to produce intense gastrointestinal symptoms followed by a sensation of increased stamina and strength. The cleanse is now being increasingly performed in Europe and USA.

PREREQUISITES FOR CALENDAR RITUALISM INTEGRATION TO THE PROCESS OF SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS OF MODERN SCHOOL OF MOUNTAIN REGIONS

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Violetta Lappo

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The profit of involving calendar holidays in the process of school children bringing up is proved in the article. The author confirms that there are many good customs and rituals with deep bringing up content. Ethnic Hutsul traditions had symbolic meaning and contributed their moral bringing up. The number of examples about children's upbringing in Hutsul families is given here, which helps in training them to religious and secular traditions. It is also said about holiday rituals, where small Hutsul children were involved. A lot of Hutsul customs and rituals have already been forgotten. But the author appeals to their renascence. The author is sure of it because customs and rituals form upbringing tradition, which proved its effectiveness during many centuries. Partly, it is important to meet children to new traditions of modern mountain schools of Hutsulshchyna (Hutsulland to form true valuable orientation. Only this is the basis of the personality spiritual world. The author proposes to reveal the celebrations of ancient traditions such holidays as: Christmas, Easter, Trinity. During these holidays Hutsul people tried to do a lot of charity things, helping sick people, visiting ill, and making mention of the departed. That's why it is important that the modern pupils of mountain schools not only new, but followed public calendar traditions. It has to be not only following certain ritual actions, but it has to be the ability to the spiritual perception of Hutsul cultural heritage.

Talcose entre artesãos em pedra-sabão em uma localidade rural do Município de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil Talc pneumoconiosis among soapstone handicraft workers in a rural area of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Olívia Maria de Paula Alves Bezerra

2003-12-01

Full Text Available A talcose é uma pneumoconiose ainda pouco estudada em nosso meio. Sua ocorrência foi investigada no Distrito de Mata dos Palmitos, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre artesãos em pedra-sabão, que trabalham em produção de base familiar, de caráter informal. Na localidade, vivem cerca de 180 habitantes, dos quais 108 se ocupam com o artesanato em pedra-sabão e 15 alternam a produção de peças artesanais com as atividades nas minas. Foram realizados exames clínicos, enfatizando a história ocupacional; questionário padronizado de sintomas respiratórios; radiografia de tórax (padrão OIT e espirometria. Observou-se baixa prevalência de queixas respiratórias, e a dispnéia foi o sintoma mais freqüente. A ocorrência de bronquite crônica foi identificada em 12 trabalhadores adultos. O exame radiológico de tórax evidenciou pequenas opacidades pulmonares em cinco trabalhadores, e 11 foram considerados suspeitos. Um trabalhador apresentou espessamento pleural em placa. Alterações na espirometria foram observadas em sete trabalhadores. O estudo da composição da poeira revelou a presença de fibras respiráveis de asbesto do grupo dos anfibólios (tremolita-actinolita. Esses resultados sugerem a ocorrência de talcoasbestose entre os artesãos em pedra-sabão.Talc pneumoconiosis in Brazil has received little research attention to date. The disease was investigated in Mata dos Palmitos, a district of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, among soapstone handicraft workers. The district has some 180 inhabitants, of whom 108 are engaged in handicrafts production, while 15 alternate handicrafts production with work in the soapstone quarries. A clinical and occupational investigation was conducted, along with a respiratory symptoms standardized questionnaire, chest x-ray (ILO standard, and spirometry. Clinical data showed a low prevalence of respiratory complaints. Dyspnea was the most frequent symptom. Chronic bronchitis was identified in

Los rituales de pasaje según adolescentes

OpenAIRE

Brêtas, José Roberto da Silva [UNIFESP; Moreno, Rafael Souza [UNIFESP; Eugenio, Daniella Soares [UNIFESP; Sala, Danila Cristina Paquier [UNIFESP; Vieira, Thais Fernanda [UNIFESP; Bruno, Priscila Rabelo [UNIFESP

2008-01-01

OBJETIVO: Identificar as impressões de adolescentes acerca do que poderia representar um ritual de passagem. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo realizado junto a 751 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, entre 12 e 20 anos, que freqüentavam três escolas públicas do ensino fundamental e médio da região de Santo Eduardo do município de Embu, São Paulo. RESULTADOS: Após análise de conteúdo desvelamos as categorias: mudanças físicas; mudanças psicológicas (subcategorias: responsabilidade, experiências, conflit...

Reconsidering Schumpeterian opportunities: The contribution of interaction ritual chain theory

OpenAIRE

Goss, David

2007-01-01

Purpose The purpose of this article is to develop a conceptual framework that recognises the significance of emotional and interactional factors in shaping the development and enactment of entrepreneurial opportunities. Design/methodology/approach Provides a theory development illustrated through a case study based on secondary sources. Findings Demonstrates how emotion and interaction ritual chains can extend the scope of entrepreneurial theorising. Research limitations/...

Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used by People in Hiang Indigenous Forest Kerinci, Jambi

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Evan Vria Andesmora

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Indonesia is a high-abundance tropical forests country. It plays a very important role for world life because of its species richness than others. One of the forest resources in Indonesia is indigenous forests. Indonesia is rich of local wisdom such as that possessed by indigenous peoples. Indigenous peoples have a potential of the biological resources conservation. As a sustainable management tradition, communities around indigenous forest also have the efforts to preserve the forest.  The data collection of community knowledge about plants was conducted by interviews and direct-field observation. Data were analyzed using index of cultural significance. The results showed that there are 48 species of plants utilized by communities in Hiang Indigenous Forest, 27 species are used as firewoods, 15 species as building materials, 7 species as medicinal plants, 6 species as traditional handicraft ingredients and 4 species as secondary foods and traditional ritual materials. Most of widely-used plants by the community are Altingia excels, and Styrax benzoin is used as incense in a traditional ritual.

Consumos Rituales: usos y alcances de las mercancías religiosas en el santuario de San Expedito

OpenAIRE

Algranti, Joaquín

2016-01-01

Resumen El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en explorar los consumos rituales que despliegan los peregrinos en torno a la imagen de San Expedito en la parroquia Nuestra Señora de Balvanera, Buenos Aires, Argentina. El artículo se encuentra dividido en tres partes. En la primera nos proponemos reconstruir brevemente la figura del homo œconomicus y la influencia en los estudios sobre consumo religioso. En el segundo apartado vamos a explorar los usos rituales de los objetos de santería. ...

BOOK REVIEW. FUNCTION AND MEANING OF NGUSABA GEDE LANANG KAPAT RITUALS IN TRUNYAN VILLAGE

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Nopita Trihastutie

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This book is the result of a historical, sociological and cultural study on the Ngusaba Gede Lanang Kapat ritual promoted by the Preservation Office of Balinese Cultural Values. In his forwards, the chairman states that this book is an effort to save the endangered cultural work and to load the local content in the areas where this work culture is alive and thriving (p. xi. Conducted in Trunyan, a village in which the daily life of the people governed by customary law, the result of the study presented in this book, as noted in the authors’ remarks (p. xii, provides a comprehensive understanding of Trunyan local genius as expressed in their customary rules, arts, rituals, and folklores.

Interpretando el genesis del descanso: una aproximación a los mitos y rituales del turismo

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Maximiliano Korstanje

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Los mitos y los rituales han sido analizados durante mucho tiempo por la antropología. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que los vinculen a los procesos de descanso, y a la lógica del trabajo. El siguiente artículo pretende ser un aporte novedoso, a la función de las vacaciones como procesos rituales de expiación. El marco referencial utilizado se basa en dos trabajos del historiador Mircea Eliade titulados Mito y Realidad, publicado en 1968; y El Mito del Eterno Retorno, de última reimpresión en 2006.

Nuevos recipientes rituales metálicos: la problemática de su distribución peninsular

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Caldentey Rodríguez, Paz; López Cachero, Javier; Menéndez Bueyes, Luis Ramón

2009-01-01

RESUMEN: La aparición y estudio de nuevos recipientes rituales metálicos con soportes de manos de los tipos I y II de Cuadrado en diversos yacimientos, nos ha permitido relacionar la distribución de todos estos objetos documentados a lo largo y ancho de toda la geografía peninsular con la explotación comercial de las diferentes vías de comunicación hacia el interior de la Península Ibérica, principalmente, entre los siglos VII y IV aC.ABSTRACT: The appearance and study of new ritual metallic ...

Stable isotope and DNA evidence for ritual sequences in Inca child sacrifice

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Wilson, Andrew S; Taylor, Timothy; Ceruti, Maria Constanza

2007-01-01

Four recently discovered frozen child mummies from two of the highest peaks in the south central Andes now yield tantalizing evidence of the preparatory stages leading to Inca ritual killing as represented by the unique capacocha rite. Our interdisciplinary study examined hair from the mummies to...

Religion and Culture Encounters in Misool Raja Ampat: Marine Ritual Practice of Sasi Laut

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Suardi Wekke, Ismail; Aghsari, Diah; Evizariza, Evizariza; Junaidi, Junaidi; Harun, Nurlaila

2018-05-01

The acculturation of religion and culture in such a way are gradually accepted without causing the loss of the native culture in one community will influence the social process. When religion and culture arise and merged into one, it can be clear to be found in their rituals. This ethnography study on qualitative in nature was conducted to see how the existence, practices, and acculturation between local culture and Islam in, Sasi marine rituals in Misool Raja Ampat in West Papua Indonesia. Data collection was done through observation, in-depth interview including library research on community manuscript and local government database. Using snowball sampling technique, this study is able to gain solid information from native people in Misoo that willing to take part as the informants. The informants in this study were found as influences native people in Misool community e.g; the head of Fafanlap village, community figures, female figures and youth figures. This study considers Misool community which still strongly maintains their cultures including sasi laut as a sign to start and stop harvesting the specific sea resources to maintain the sustainability of nature. The acculturation between the culture of Islam runs smoothly in changing the native mindset to eliminate the things that can cause syirik but did not eliminate the characteristics and the main part of the ritual of sasi laut.

Religion for Revolution: Shifting Perceptions of Bodily Ritual in the Lebanese Shi‘a Community

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Savannah Danielle Dodd

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This paper applies Cartesian and Weberian theories of rationalization and Leslie Sharp’s concept of bodily commodification to the transition in the observance of Ashura from practices of bodily mortification to blood donation among the Shi‘a community in Lebanon. The author argues that this shift politicizes salvation and sacralises revolution through a process of rationalization, made possible through the invocation of the Karbala Paradigm, in order to facilitate the commodification of blood for political activism. This shift in ritual practice for the commodification of blood has occurred as a result of three key transitions: (i from body/self-unity to body/self-dualism; (ii from salvation in the next world to salvation in this world; and (iii from personal salvation to societal salvation.[Dengan merujuk teori rasionalisasi model Descartes dan Weber serta konsep komodifikasi tubuh dari Leslie Sharp, tulisan ini menelusur pergeseran yang terjadi pada ritual Ashura dari praktik melukai diri menjadi kegiatan donor darah di kalangan Syiah di Lebanon. Proses ini, menurut penulis, telah mengubah konsep penyelamatan dan revolusi sakral melalui proses rasionali­sasi. Hal ini terjadi dengan memakai Paradigma Karbala sebagai media komodifikasi darah untuk aktivisme politik. Pergeseran komodifikasi darah dalam praktik ritual ini terjadi melalui tiga transisi utama: (i dari kesatuan diri menjadi dualisme diri; (ii dari keselamatan akhirat menjadi keselamatan dunia; dan (iii dari penyelamatan pribadi menjadi penyelamatan sosial].

Punishment of Minor Female Genital Ritual Procedures: Is the Perfect the Enemy of the Good?

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Jacobs, Allan J; Arora, Kavita Shah

2017-08-01

Female genital alteration (FGA) is any cutting, removal or destruction of any part of the external female genitalia. Various FGA practices are common throughout the world. While most frequent in Africa and Asia, transglobal migration has brought ritual FGA to Western nations. All forms of FGA are generally considered undesirable for medical and ethical reasons when performed on minors. One ritual FGA procedure is the vulvar nick (VN). This is a small laceration to the vulva that does not cause morphological changes. Besides being performed as a primary ritual procedure it has been proposed as a substitute for more extensive forms of FGA. Measures advocated or taken to reduce the burden of FGA can be punitive or non-punitive. Even if it is unethical to perform VN, we argue that it also is unethical to attempt to suppress it through punishment. First, punishment of VN is likely to cause more harm than good overall, even to those ostensibly being protected. Second, punishment is likely to exceed legitimate retributive ends. We do not argue in favor of performing VN. Rather, we argue that non-punitive strategies such as education and harm reduction should be employed. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Reflections on Rasāyana, Bcud Len and Related Practices in Nyingma (Rnying Ma Tantric Ritual

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Cathy Cantwell

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The Tibetan term, bcud len, "imbibing the essence juice", is considered an equivalent for the Sanskrit term, rasāyana. But in Tibetan Buddhist ritual manuals, both terms occur, apparently with slightly different connotations. Practices classified as bcud len are frequently relatively short, and seem primarily designed for the use of individual yogis, usually as a subsidiary practice to complement their main tantric meditation. The production of bcud len pills which are said to sustain, rejuvenate and extend the life of the body, or even to bring immortality, is often an integral part of the practice. The term, rasāyana, is used in Tibetan transliteration (ra sā ya na, not as a title or classification for a specific ritual practice or recipe for pills, but rather to refer to the processes of alchemical transformation of substances within complex ritual "medicinal accomplishment" (sman sgrub performances which are generally communal. In this case too, pills are produced, of the broader "sacred elixir dharma medicine" (dam rdzas bdud rtsi chos sman type. This paper will consider a range of the practices, and of substances used in the sacred medicinal compounds.

Social Robotic Experience and Media Communication Practices: An Exploration on the Emotional and Ritualized Human-technology-relations

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Christine Linke

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This article approaches the subject of social robots by focusing on the emotional relations people establish with media and information and communication technology (ICTs in their everyday life. It examines human-technology-relation from a social studies point of view, seeking to raise questions that enable us to make a connection between the research on human relationships and the topic of human-technology relation, especially human-humanoid-relation. In order to explore the human-technology-relations, theoretical ideas of a mediatization of communication and of a ritual interaction order are applied. Ritual theory is particularly used to enable a focus on emotion as a significant dimension in analyzing social technologies. This explorative article refers to empirical findings regarding media communication practices in close relationships. It argues that following the developed approach regarding mediatized and ritualized relational practices, useful insights for a conceptualization of the human-social robot relation can be achieved. The article concludes with remarks regarding the challenge of an empirical approach to human-social robot-relations.

AHP 40: NAMUYI TIBETAN pha⁵⁴ tsə⁵⁴ RITUALS AND ORAL CHANTS

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Libu Lakhi (Li Jianfu

2016-02-01

Full Text Available sa54 da54 (b. 1939 is a Namuyi pha54 tsə54 - a traditional Namuyi religious practitioner/ specialist - who chants and conducts religious rituals. He lives and practices in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China. This article introduces pha54 tsə54 sa54 da54 and the many hours of his oral materials recorded by Libu Lakhi in 2009 that are archived at http://tinyurl.com/lgf3row. In addition, aspects of Namuyi religion are described, including terms of mountain deities, ill omens and taboos, the pha54 tsə54, sa54 da54, chants, and a personal account of a ritual done in Dashui Village, Minsheng Township, Xichang City, Sichuan Province in March 2013. An appendix, seven photographs, and a diagram provide additional detail.

Ritual Significance in Mycenaean Hairstyles

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Hsu, Florence Sheng-chieh

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Although the frescoes excavated from Bronze Age sites on the Greek mainland provide evidence for female figures in the Mycenaean society, the hairstyles of these figures have not been studied in detail. As in many other ancient cultures, hairstyles were not only an exhibition of beauty and fashion, but they also represented certain age groups or a person’s social status. The Mycenaeans inherited many of their hairstyles from their Minoan predecessors, although differences existed as well. It is also possible there may have been a shift in meaning for seemingly similar looking hairstyles from the Minoan to the Mycenaean periods. Female figures, which compose most of the Mycenaean figures in frescoes known to date, are fine examples for discussing the artistic representation and potential significance of Mycenaean hairstyles. By comparing with Minoan hairstyles, discussions of Mycenaean examples lead to conclusions in the relationship between hairstyles and ritual activities in the Mycenaean society.

Toddlers' Use of Peer Rituals at Mealtime: Symbols of Togetherness and Otherness

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Mortlock, Anita

2015-01-01

Mealtimes and their associated rituals are recognised as important aspects of human socialisation; however, much of the research about mealtimes in early childhood education settings has focused on health or on adult-child discursive exchanges. The present study aimed to investigate children's interactions with each other and their influence on…

Notes about the uses of plants by one of the last healers in the Basilicata Region (South Italy

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Montesano Vincenzo

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The paper refers to the knowledge and uses of plants and to the linked ritual practices as referred by Matteo (It.‘Zì Matteo’, En. ‘Uncle Matthew’, one of the last elder healers in the Basilicata Region (South Italy. Particular attention is also paid to the uses of ‘Vruca’ (Tamarix gallica L. as a medicinal and magical plant used to heal common warts on various parts of the body. Methods After obtaining prior informed consent, we collected data through an open interview about the uses of the plants and on the associated ritual practices. For each species, data were collected that included the vernacular names, preparation, plant parts utilized and their method of use. Results The uses of 52 taxa are described. Among these, 43 are or were employed medicinally, eight as culinary foodstuffs, and 4 for domestic, handicraft or ethnoveterinary uses. Among the major findings: the ritual and magical use of Tamarix gallica L. to heal warts is described in detail; so far, no records of similar use were found in any Italian ethnobotanical studies conducted in southern Italy. Conclusion Phytotherapy in the Basilicata region is practiced by elderly people who resort to medicinal plants for mild illnesses; we interviewed one of those traditional healers who is very experienced in the field, and possesses rich ethno-pharmacological knowledge.

Rituals of commensality and the politics of state formation in the "princely" societies of early Iron Age Europe

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Dietler, Michael

2015-01-01

Introduction My task in this essay is to address the question «what can an examination of rituals of commensality add to our understanding of political structure and process in the so-called "princely" societies of Early Iron Age Europe ? ». The short answer is, I believe, a great deal. This is both because rituals are potentially recoverable as distinct events in the archaeological record and because, as will be shown, they are a fundamental instrument and theater of political relations. The...

Música ritual funeraria

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Carmelo Lisón Tolosana

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La música es, como todos sabemos, una arte que con sonidos vocales y/o instrumentales de muy variado tipo nos deleita por su belleza y nos entusiasma porque expresa y produce emociones. Es, además, un arte universal y proteico porque la encontramos en todas culturas y porque va asociado a la palabra, a la canción y a la múltiple danza y, más importante para el tema de estas pocas líneas, con el ritual. No es extraño que su uso se ritualizara en psicoterapia desde hace siglos; al pintor Hugo Van der Goes (1440-1482 le tocaban música para aliviarlo de su melancolía. La música en alguna de sus manifestaciones se oye en todas partes, pero sea clásica o folclórica, sinfonía, jazz u ópera, sonara o fuga, flamenco o jota, e instrumentada por cuerda, percusión, clavicordio, piano, viento etc. se produce según cánones culturales temporales, dimensión importante que nos invita a reflexionar sobre algo tan atrayente desde la antropología. Me limito en este corto ensayo a describir un aspecto tradicional popular en el que engranan música, rito y funeral en parte del SO orensano. Parto, como siempre de la etnografía.

Kontribusi Pelaksanaan Ritual Hindu Terhadap Kesempatan Kerja Dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Di Kabupaten Badung Provinsi Bali (Studi Kasus Mlaspas Dan Ngenteg Linggih Di Pura Pasek Preteka Desa Abiansemal

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Ni Nyoman Sunariani

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The aim of this research is to know the benefits of rituals Hinduism religion from the social, cultural, and economic perspective, the magnitude of multiplier effects; increasing income and the influence of rituals on the community welfare either directly or indirectly through employment opportunities in Bali. Research case study the ritual Mlaspas and Ngenteg Linggih in the village of Abiansemal is to refute the phenomenon that develops in society that of rituals Hinduism in Bali that ineffective and inefficient. Sample is the family head temple and suppliers material ritual. Collecting cross-sectional primary data through in-depth interviews with key and expert informants and triangulation. Descriptive analysis method of analysis and techniques used in this research is goodness-of-fit criteria which used in the analysis of structural equation a modelling (SEM and a causal relation between of variable latent tested by using significant test in statistika. Next the result showed that the implementation of ritual besides well-functioned religious also a positive impact on social, culture, and the economy. Ritualistic Hinduism has a multiplier effect of 2.37, thus increasing the additional revenue of suppliers amounting to 72.06 percent. And Implementation of rituals had positive and significant impact on the welfare of the people, either directly or indirectly through employment opportunities as a stimulus and acceleration of economic growth to improve the welfare of people Abiansemal sub-district in particular, and Bali in general.

Cultures of education and rituals of transition from home to the infant toddler center. Observing interactions and professional development

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Chiara Bove

2014-04-01

Full Text Available At the infant-toddler center, the rituals of transition that mark children’s arrival and going home times offer interesting kaleidoscopes for the study of interactive dynamics with the associated meanings and implicit educational models. Numerous pedagogical studies have investigated the meanings of these events, for the most part drawing on the monocultural model of classical attachment theory to analyze interactions between adults and children. Far less research has approached these rituals using triadic, systemic and intercultural categories of analysis in order to explore not only educators’ actions but also what is going on in their minds. In this paper, we discuss examples from a recent study on rituals of transition in the multicultural context of an infant toddler center, combining description of the timing, behaviors and interactive styles of children and adults, with analysis of the thoughts and representations of the educators.

The Apperception of Musical Creativity: Performance as Ritual, Composition as Self-Realization

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Nagy, Zvonimir

2015-01-01

Musical invention is defined in this article as a form of inward creativity. The creative acts of musical performance are understood in terms of ritual-like symbolic and stylized actions, and those of musical composition as the mind's enactment of meditation and reflection. This article draws on the relationship between two psychological…

La Capacocha como ritual político. Negociaciones en torno al poder entre Cuzco y los curacas

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Schroedl, Annette

2014-01-01

Este artículo estudia las funciones que los rituales políticos tenían en el estado inca a través del análisis de la fiesta de la Capacocha. Las ceremonias públicas de la religión estatal proporcionaban el escenario en el cual se negociaron las relaciones políticas entre el soberano y sus súbditos, entre Estado y pueblos conquistados por los incas e incorporados en su imperio. De este modo, los rituales políticos contribuyeron a la consolidación del dominio de los incas sobre los pueblos andin...

Patients Reporting Ritual Abuse in Childhood: A Clinical Syndrome. Report of 37 Cases.

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Young, Walter C.; And Others

1991-01-01

Thirty-seven adult dissociative disorder patients who reported ritual abuse in childhood by satanic cults are described. A clinical syndrome is presented that includes dissociative states with satanic overtones, posttraumatic stress disorder, survivor guilt, unusual fears, and substance abuse. Questions concerning reliability, credibility, and…

The Ritualized Bodies of Cybele's Galli and the
 Methodological Problem of the Plurality of Explanations

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J. Peter Södergård

1993-01-01

Full Text Available The explanandum in this article is the self-castration of Cybele's Galli. The explanans is the various theories that have been put forward to elucidate this phenomenon. The author begins by sketching out the complicated religio-historical scene for this ritual, then introduces the plurality of theories concerning Galli's ritual self-castration, so that the intellectual dilemma of evaluation and preference is obvious; which one of the theories is decisive? Are they necessary or sufficient? Do they compete or cooperate? The aim of this article is also to make a critical methodological evaluation of the use of psychological determinants in religio-historical studies of the self-castration of the Galli in the cult of Cybele and Attis.

Patrocinio eclesiástico, rituales de poder e historia urbana en la Hispania Tardoantigua (Siglos IV al VI

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Pablo FUENTES HINOJO

2009-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En el presente artículo se abordan problemas relativos a los nuevos espacios de prestigio y rituales de poder, que aparecieron en las ciudades de Hispania durante la Antigüedad tardía, como resultado de la difusión del cristianismo y del desarrollo de instituciones eclesiásticas de gobierno.ABSTRACT: This article studies the problems related to the new ceremonial areas and power rituals caused in cities of Spain, during the Late Antiquity, by the Christianity diffusion and the development of ecclesiastic institutions of government.

Mermaids and Spirit Spouses: Rituals as Technologies of Gender in Transnational African Pentecostal Spaces

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Jeanne Rey

2013-04-01

Full Text Available This article aims to approach the construction of gender in transnational spacesby focusing on the ritual practice of African Pentecostal migrants in Europeand in Africa. One dimension of African Pentecostalism is its insistence on thepractice of exorcism called ‘deliverance’ where malevolent spirits are expelledfrom one’s body. Within the Pentecostal demonology, several categories ofspirits carry implications for how gender is constructed. This article will analyseeffects of the appearance of these spirits on the construction of genderamong Ghanaian and Congolese Pentecostal churches in Geneva and in Accra.It will show that variations in the appearance of spirits within rituals can beinterpreted as a negotiation of gender roles in a migratory context. Shifts inPentecostal demonology can therefore be interpreted as a response to thereconfiguration of gender roles associated with the broader gender contextand work opportunities in Europe.

Brief Report: Avoidance Extinction as Treatment for Compulsive and Ritual Behavior in Autism

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Wolff, Jason J.; Hupp, Susan C.; Symons, Frank J.

2013-01-01

Treatment options for maladaptive repetitive behaviors associated with autism are limited. This is particularly so for ritual and compulsive forms of repetitive behavior, which commonly interfere with adaptive activities and may cause distress to individuals with autism and their families. The present study assessed an avoidance extinction…

The dialogue between sacred, symbol and ritual to Mircea Eliade’s thinking

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Stelian Manolache

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Consequently implementing a vision that was mostly phenomenological and hermeneutical on the object and of the religious doctrine and content, Mircea Eliade had a remarkable contribution of originality and profoundness to the study of the problems related to sacred and profane and symbol and ritual. For the Romanian researcher, at the core of the dialectic game between sacred and profane, there is the behaviour of the religious man, opposed to the natural man, searching for divinity in an instinctive/ programmatic manner, trying to overcome his earthly condition by entering the inaccessible world of the sacred. Due to the more than obvious contemporaneity importance of the preoccupations and behaviour of homo religious, in post-modernity, starting from the dialogue between science and religion, we consider that there is the necessity and opportuness in a secularised and desacralized world to dedicate a study, 110 years later from the birth of the eminent professor, to the manner the Romanian eminent researcher Mircea Eliade saw and explained the sacred, the symbol and the ritual.

Healing Gods, Heroes and Rituals in the Graeco-Roman World

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Panayotis Pachis

2016-05-01

Full Text Available This editorial introduces the articles published within the OLH Special Collection, ‘Healing Gods, Heroes and Rituals in the Graeco-Roman World’. The first two articles in this collection interrogate the figures of specific healing gods. Olympia Panagiotidou’s article ‘Asclepius’ Myths and Healing Narratives: Counter-Intuitive Concepts and Cultural Expectations’ focuses on the curative features that defined the image of Asclepius, the most famous of the healing gods. The next article in the collection, ‘The Fate of a Healing Goddess: Ocular Pathologies, the Antonine Plague, and the Ancient Roman Cult of Bona Dea’ by Leonardo Ambasciano, interrogates the religious figure of another healing agent: the Italian goddess Bona Dea who was particularly venerated in Rome and in the region of Latium and whose cult reveals the way in which ancient Roman androcentric control over women was institutionalised through religious figures.  The third article in the collection, Audrey Ferlut’s ‘Goddesses as Consorts of the Healing Gods in 'Gallia Belgica' and the 'Germaniae': Forms of Cult and Ritual Practices’ considers the impact that cults dedicated to gods and goddesses had on populations in the wider area of the Roman Empire, focusing on the Northern provinces of the Western Roman Empire ('Gallia Belgica' and the 'Germaniae'. The collection’s final article, ‘From Textual Reception to Textual Codification: Thessalos and the Quest for Authenticity’ by Spyros Piperakis, moves the discussion from the question of cult practices to ‘alternative’ healing therapies in antiquity. Piperakis deals with astrological medicine, one of many alternative therapeutic methods that became popular during the Hellenistic and Roman period.  Taken together, the articles in ‘Healing Gods, Heroes and Rituals in the Graeco-Roman World’ demonstrate that we need to approach the study of ancient myths and cults within their socio-cultural context

Opera as Social Showcase: Rituals of “Magic Mirrors” at the Margravial Opera House in Mid-Eighteenth-Century Bayreuth

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Vlado Kotnik

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This article proposes a ritualistic approach to opera in the historical case of the mid-eighteenth-century Margravial Opera House in Bavarian Bayreuth to argue that court opera can be understood as a variety of social showcase. In this view, court opera is a specific form of communication through which opera established the various types of relationship between itself and the social worlds in which, and for which, it was created. By referring to the operatic rituals under the leadership and sponsorship of Wilhelmina of Bayreuth and her husband Frederick, it will be established how the Bayreuth’s ruling couple used opera for several social and political purposes. As both genre and institution, the margravial opera production is interpreted by the analytical models of anthropologists of ritual and theatre, like Victor Turner, Clifford Geertz, Maurice Bloch, Stanley Tambiah, Catherine Bell, employing their ritual theory, especially Turner’s concept of a “hall of magic mirrors”.

Innovations in the Treatment of Bulimia: Transpersonal Psychology, Relaxation, Imagination, Hypnosis, Myth, and Ritual.

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Brown, Michael H.

1991-01-01

Written for counselors who must help clients deal with bulimia, this article reviews bulimia's most obvious physical signs and symptoms, etiology, and behavioral characteristics. Considers innovative counseling approaches including Transpersonal Psychology, relaxation training, imagination, fantasy, hypnosis, myths, and rituals. (Author)

Confrontación, territorio y "espiritualidad". El lugar de los rituales mapuche en el proceso del poder.

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Hernán Horacio Schiaffini

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Indagamos en torno a la organización y el desarrollo de rituales mapuche en el noroeste de Chubut y sudoeste de Río Negro, situando el desarrollo de estas ceremonias en el marco de las luchas por el territorio que atraviesan las familias, las comunidades y las organizaciones de la zona, así como las alianzas políticas y sociales que elaboran. Sostenemos que, en la actualidad, jerarquizar analíticamente la esfera de las confrontaciones permite observar cómo el ritual y el territorio se articulan a través de la construcción de fuerzas sociales. Ponemos especial énfasis en demostrar la vigencia y eficacia de las celebraciones rituales, sin que este carácter “instrumental” niegue sus contenidos mitológicos y filosóficos en constante renovación. Para ello damos cuenta de su organización y sentidos, revisamos la historia de los grupos mapuche en Argentina y describimos y analizamos algunos casos etnográficos, basándonos en el trabajo de campo realizado en la región desde 2009.

RITUAL RAMBUT GEMBEL DALAM ARUS EKSPANSI PASAR PARIWISATA

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Moh. Soehadha

2013-12-01

Tulisan ini mengambil fokus pada agama dan perubahan sosial akibat ekspansi pasar pariwisata di dataran tinggi Dieng, dan hubungannya dengan kapitalisme negara. Pemerintah telah mengusahakan ritual rambut gembel sebagai komo­ditas pariwisata di dataran tinggi Dieng. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada dua varian respon sosial terhadap perubahan akibat ekspansi pasar pariwisata, yaitu masyarakat yang menerima dan masyarakat yang menolak. Masyarakat penerima adalah orang-orang yang memiliki kepentingan di bidang ekonomi dalam kegiatan pengembangan pariwisata, sedangkan masyarakat yang menolak adalah orang-orang yang memegang keyakinan dan tradisi lokal. Secara teoritis, studi ini memberi penjelasan bahwa religiusitas masyarakat dipengaruhi oleh moda produksi ekonomi yang ada.

Symbolism and ritual practices related to hunting in Maya communities from central Quintana Roo, Mexico.

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Santos-Fita, Dídac; Naranjo, Eduardo J; Estrada, Erin I J; Mariaca, Ramón; Bello, Eduardo

2015-09-29

Some Mayan peasant-hunters across the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico still carry out a hunting ritual -Loojil Ts'oon, Loj Ts'oon or Carbine Ceremony- in which they renew the divine permission for hunting in order to continue deserving the gift of prey after a period of hunt. Thus they are granted access to game by the gods and the Lords of the Animals, particularly the spirit/evil-wind call. This paper focuses on the acts within the Loojil Ts'oon -which is performed in the X-Pichil community and surrounding area- that make it unique among the hunting rituals performed in other parts of the Peninsula. The Loojil Ts'oon hunting ritual was observed and registered in audiovisual format in two different occasions in X-Pichil (Friday 04/29/2011 and Friday 07/29/2011). Afterwards, we delivered digital videodisks (DVD) to hunters and their families and to the j-men (the magic-medic-ritual specialist) who participated in these ceremonies. This delivery produced confidence among participants to talk more openly and in-depth about the Loojil Ts'oon, revealing symbolic, psychological, and material details previously unknown to outsiders. Qualitative information was obtained through the ethnographic method using techniques such as participant observation and guided tours. Semi-structured interviews were carried out to obtain complementary information. On one hand, we describe the preparation and cleansing of the "Sip soup", as well as its parading and distribution -delivery to the spirit/evil-wind Sip- on the streets of the community (highlingting the role of the rooster as a counter-gift). On the other hand, the cleansing of the jaws (of deer: Odocoileus virginianus, Mazama spp.; and peccaries: Tayassuidae) and their return to the Lords of Animals in the hills so that they may give these animals new life. By performing the Loojil Ts'oon, the act of killing an animal is legitimized. The kill transforms into an exchange to perpetuate life, in which gods and Lords of animals grant

When an adult female seeks ritual genital alteration: ethics, law, and the parameters of participation.

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Cantor, Julie D

2006-04-01

Ritual genital cutting for women, a common practice in Africa and elsewhere around the world, remains dangerous and controversial. In recent years, a 14-year-old girl living in Sierra Leone exsanguinated and died following a ritualistic genital cutting. Hoping to avoid that fate, women with backgrounds that accept ritual genital cutting may, when they reach majority age, ask plastic surgeons to perform genital alterations for cultural reasons. Although plastic surgeons routinely perform cosmetic procedures, unique ethical and legal concerns arise when an adult female patient asks a surgeon to spare her the tribal elder's knife and alter her genitalia according to tradition and custom. Misinformation and confusion about this issue exist. This article explores the ethical and legal issues relevant to this situation and explains how the thoughtful surgeon should proceed.

Leaving Quietly? A Quantitative Study of Retirement Rituals and How They Affect Life Satisfaction

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van den Bogaard, L.

2017-01-01

This study quantitatively explores the understudied topic of retirement rituals, what factors influence them, and how the experience of such rites of passage may affect postretirement satisfaction with life (SWL). Various regression techniques are applied to 2 waves of Dutch panel data gathered

A Spiritual Contact Zone: Re-Inventing Ritual Space in The Netherlands' Afrika Museum

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Kleuskens, E.; School, F.; Thijs, S.; Westendorp, M.F.; Venbrux, H.J.M.

2010-01-01

The research project Holy Ground, led by Paul Post and Arie Molendijk, has drawn attention to the process of 're-inventing ritual space in modern Western culture' by examining various places, such as 'rooms of silence and memorial shrines for victims of disease and violence'. Here we want to address

Negative Emotional Energy: A Theory of the “Dark-Side” of Interaction Ritual Chains

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David Boyns

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Randall Collins’ theory of interaction ritual chains is widely cited, but has been subject to little theoretical elaboration. One reason for the modest expansion of the theory is the underdevelopment of the concept of emotional energy. This paper examines emotional energy, related particularly to the dynamics of negative experiences. It asks whether or not negative emotions produce emotional energies that are qualitatively distinct from their positive counterparts. The analysis begins by tracing the development of Interaction Ritual Theory, and summarizes its core propositions. Next, it moves to a conceptualization of a “valenced” emotional energy and describes both “positive” and “negative” dimensions. Six propositions outline the central dynamics of negative emotional energy. The role of groups in the formation of positive and negative emotional energy are considered, as well as how these energies are significant sources of sociological motivation.

Experiencias e interpretaciones en performances rituales (Iruya y El Cajón, noroeste argentino

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Karen Avenburg

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se propone reflexionar acerca del modo en que dos performances rituales del noroeste argentino recrean en sus puestas en escena diferentes experiencias. Desde un enfoque etnográfico apoyado en los respectivos trabajos de campo de las autoras, se analizan comparativamente la Fiesta Patronal de la Virgen del Rosario de Iruya (Salta y la Semana Santa de El Cajón (Catamarca. En particular, se discuten algunas de las razones por la cuales en un contexto ritual la puesta en escena implica la recreación de su historia sociocultural y política, mientras que en el otro el eje central transcurre reactualizando eventos cosmológicos. El marco teórico utilizado se basa en el concepto de performance y su relación con la experiencia, siguiendo los aportes realizados por Edward Bruner y Victor Turner.

Tarasca: ritual monster of Spain.

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Gilmore, David D

2008-09-01

children (Konner 2002, 222). The Pentecostal beastie combines equine, reptilian, and bird-like features with a giraffe's neck, an elephant's bulk, an impossible number of legs, the usual human malevolence, and the satyr's insatiable lust. The monster also combines cognitive antitheses in a way that reinforces cultural biases while at the same time undermining them--a typical paradox of the Monstrous in ritual and art (Andriano 1999). In the Hacinas festival the integrated themes are those of bodily mutilation, sexual abuse, cannibalism, death, and decay. All these themes come together in certain compelling Iberian traditions: misogyny, costumed parading, religious revitalization, ritual displacement of aggression onto external objects, spontaneous street theatre. All forms of aggression are visually embodied in the image of the mystic beast, as happens every day in the classic Spanish bullfight pitting man against raw nature (Mitchell 1991). Peremptory male sexuality both parodied and glorified, women both raped and rescued, children both terrified and liberated. As Bloch has argued in the aptly titled Prey into Hunter (1992), the narrative of the Tarasca rite, turning victim into victimizer, enables the community to "absorb the vitality" of the external threat and thereby to regenerate itself and to transcend everyday reality. We may make a third, psychoanalytic, observation. As with all such fabulous and scary images, the Tarasca provokes regressive responses that probably go back to the primary organization of the mind before the advent of speech. In this childhood environment, sensations are limited to visions and primary emotions, and the world is experienced largely through the eyes and mouth. Psychoanalysts of childhood have called this the phase of oral/visual primacy. It may explain the locus of aggression in typical monster imagery: the rending teeth, the gnashing jaws, the cavernous belly. It would also help us understand the terror at being devoured by a giant

Shift report: a ritual play on a residential adolescent psychiatric unit.

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Yonge, O

2008-01-01

The author conducted an ethnographic study of an adolescent residential psychiatric unit which revealed a category of behaviour--the shift report. A questionnaire was administered to staff to reveal further meanings. Reporting was found to schematize knowledge according to common referents, promote and validate insider roles through language, offer a means of personal reintegration and catharsis, and provide a forum for the symbolic enactment of democratic values which permeated every aspect of culture on the unit. Staff members were categorically in favour of their verbal and private shift report. There was little partitioning of informal and formal aspects of report in the interest of saving time. Instead, socializing and 'catching up' were important aspects of shift report and constituted a large part of team building. The informal nature of report, particularly in the use of language allowed staff to come to terms with frustrations rather than constituting patient stereotyping. As a ritual, the shift report fostered behavioural synchrony, individual empowerment and a democratic 'all-channel network' of communication. It is hoped that this account will encourage more practising nurses and managers to view their shift report as something more than a simple 'handover'; that is, a ritual play of core values, roles and relationships.

The Effect of Chitosan Dosage Againts Liquid Waste Water Color on "Oriens Handicraft" Sasirangan Home Industry, Landasan Ulin

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Arifin Arifin

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The growth of sasirangan fabricated prodution has brought positive impact on the welfare of Banjarnese people.  On the other hand, it also have negative impacts in the form environmental pollution as a result of sasirangan industrial liquid waste disposal without any proper treatment proccess. This study aims to determine the effect of chitosan dosage againts liquid waste water color on "Oriens Handicraft" sasirangan home industry. This is an experimental study, the test was conducted in the chemistry laboratory of environmental health department while the color level examination conducted at the Banjarbaru Industrial Standardization and Research Center. One way anova test with α = 0,05% was used for analyzed the data while chitosan regression statistic test with 84% deacetylation degree can be utilized as coagulant material for environmentally friendly sasirangan wastewater treatment with dose variation from 600, 650,700, 750 untill to 800 mg / lt. The highest color concentration eduction occurred at 750 mg / lt doses with 50,5% reduction and the lowest control at 650 mg/lt dose by 43%. The results showed that there were significant differences between color level and chitosan dose. Therefore, the government needs to play a significant role in sasirangan liquid waste treatment by using natural and environmentally friendly coagulant materials such as chitosan.

Comida ritual em festas de Tambor de Mina no Maranhão (Ritual food in Maranhão’s Tambor De Mina festivities - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n21p242

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Sérgio Figueiredo Ferretti

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Resumo Tambor de Mina é o nome da religião afro-brasileira no Maranhão e na Amazônia estabelecida a partir de São Luís desde meados do século XIX. Existem duas casas fundadas por africanos que se continuam: a Casa das Minas Jeje, de origem daomeana e a Casa de Nagô, iorubana de onde derivam a maioria dos terreiros de Mina recentes e atuantes. Trata-se de religião muito ritualizada e discreta, envolvida em segredos e mistérios cuja mitologia é pouco comentada e os rituais muito desenvolvidos. As religiões afro-brasileiras se caracterizam pela realização de festas com transe, danças e comidas que atraem muitos participantes. A comida é bastante para oferecer a todos e distribuir as sobras. A fartura nas festas maiores constitui um dos elementos de prestígio das casas. O texto baseia-se em entrevistas com líderes de um terreiro antigo e de duas casas recentes, sobre comida de santo nas festas. Na linguagem de Mauss o sacrifício constitui obrigação que estabelece uma comunicação entre o mundo sagrado e o profano. O preparo e o consumo da comida de santo permitem conhecer aspectos do sincretismo e dos simbolismos nos rituais. Palavras-chave: Religiões afro-brasileiras; comida de santo; sincretismo; festas; ritual.   Abstract Tambor de Mina is the name of the Afro-Brazilian religion in Maranhão and Amazon established in São Luís (capital of Maranhão state since the mid-nineteenth century. There are two matrix-houses founded by Africans: Casa das Minas Jeje, a Dahomean origin house and Casa de Nagô, originally Yoruba and from which most of the Tambor de Mina's houses come from. It is a very ritualized and discrete religion, involved in secrets and mysteries whose mythology is not frequently commented upon and its rituals are highly developed. Afro-Brazilian religions are characterized by the performance of parties with trance, dance and food which attract many participants.  Food is enough to be offered to everyone and

Culture, ritual, and errors of repudiation: some implications for the assessment of alternative medical traditions.

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Trotter, G

2000-07-01

In this article, sources of error that are likely involved when alternative medical traditions are assessed from the standpoint of orthodox biomedicine are discussed. These sources include (1) biomedicine's implicit reductive materialism (manifested in its negative orientation toward placebo effects), (2) a related bias against ritual, and (3) cultural barriers to the construction of externally valid protocols. To overcome these biases, investigators must attend to ritualistic elements in alternative treatments and should recruit patients from appropriate cultural groups. Collaborative research may be the key. Benefits of collaborative research include (1) increased mutual respect and integration between culturally distinct groups and practices, (2) increased understanding and use of sophisticated techniques of empirical analysis among practitioners from the alternative traditions, (3) increased appropriation of the therapeutic benefits of ritual, and (4) enhanced overall benefit for patients of all cultural backgrounds.

Ritual and reflexes of lost sovereignty in Sikka, a regency of Flores in eastern Indonesia

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E.D. Lewis

2008-12-01

Full Text Available In 1993 some among the Sikkanese population of the town of Maumere on the north coast of Flores in eastern Indonesia attended a ritual to reconcile the members of two branches of the family of the rajas of Sikka, a dynasty that had once ruled the district. The two branches had fallen out over differences in opinion about the last succession to the office of raja a few years before the end of the rajadom in the late 1950s. A description of the ritual, which was conducted in an urban rather than a village setting, and an analysis of the performance demonstrate much about the persistence of elements of the old Sikkanese religion in modern Sikkanese society. The contemporary Sikkanese are Christians and the regency of Sikka is part of the modern Indonesian nation-state.

El recorrido al Cerro Gordo y el ritual tepehuano de las ofrendas en los cerros de la comunidad de San Bernardino de Milpillas

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Chantal CRAMAUSSEL

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El ritual de las ofrendas es una ceremonia propiciatoria de la lluvia que se efectúa al terminar la estación seca en los cerros más altos de la comunidad de San Bernardino de Milpillas Chico, en la Sierra Tepehuana del estado de Durango. A esos rituales distintos de los cató- licos que forman parte del ciclo anual de costumbre concurren las autoridades civiles, los curanderos y miembros del Consejo de ancianos. Es un momento muy importante en el que se refuerza la cohesión de los tepehuanos que tienen un patrón de asentamiento muy disperso, como los demás grupos del norte, pero sus rituales presentan también similitudes con los mesoamericanos.

Ritual de despedida em familiares de pacientes com prognóstico reservado

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Márcia Lucrecia Lisbôa

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Pesquisa qualitativa que teve por objetivo investigar os efeitos terapêuticos do ritual de despedida na iminência da morte, em familiares de pacientes com prognóstico reservado. Foram estudadas oito famílias de pacientes internados em um Hospital Geral. Utilizou-se o método clínico, as técnicas de estudo de caso e entrevistas pós-óbito, dados submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que os familiares se despediram através da comunicação verbal e não-verbal, da religião, da "liberação", do "estar junto", sendo favoráveis à realização do ritual, destacando o aprendizado, o privilégio de participar e a importância da orientação psicológica. São difuculdades: sentimentos de pena, tristeza, ajuda na aceitação da morte, a aproximação entre os familiares e o paciente, abertura da comunicação, melhoria de condilções para elaborar o luto, redefinição dos relacionamentos com a pessoa ainda em vida.

Pasiones devoradoras y sentimientos trágicos. El tema del amor en algunas canciones rituales ganaderas de los Andes

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Juan J. Rivera

2008-10-01

Full Text Available This article will examine a certain sentimental education. It will try to describe the emotional world of the people who participates in the cattle branding rituals of the Lima Highlands (Peru. This sentimental ethnography will be restricted to the corpus of songs recollected in a specific region -the Chancay valley peasant communities- by the author and an anthropologist who was there forty years ago. I will try to depict the kind of feelings that these songs express. I will not consider them as being part of a coherent ideology but rather as critical and also contradictory comments. These comments give us a modern Andean peasantry perspective about their ecology, their way of life and the recent modernization processes in the region. Their perspective in these ritual songs seems to be translated into the vocabulary of passions, particularly the unfortunate love. Actually, the cattle branding ritual in which the songs appear constitute a space in which cattle farmers must symbolically appropriate their animals and at the same time send them to death selling them to the slaughterhouses of the city.

Cultes de fertilité chez les Drung du Yunnan (Chine Fertility Rituals among the Drung People of of Yunnan (China

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Stéphane Gros

2012-10-01

Full Text Available L’absence, chez les Drung du Yunnan, de rituels clairement identifiables comme rituels territoriaux implique de se questionner sur l’articulation entre l’ancestralité, le territoire et le pouvoir politique dans le cadre d’un objectif rituel commun : l’obtention de la fertilité. Après une description de deux pratiques rituelles liées à cette notion de fertilité, le sacrifice de bovins et le culte aux montagnes, telles qu’elles coexistaient autrefois chez les Drung, l’auteur questionne les liens entre ces deux pratiques et leurs implications politiques respectives. Si ces deux rituels peuvent se définir comme des cultes à la fertilité, ils manifestent cependant un rapport différent au territoire dans sa définition politique. D’un côté le sacrifice manifeste un caractère dynamique et compétitif de la relation politique (lié au prestige sans réelle inscription spatiale, tandis que de l’autre le culte aux montagnes manifeste un fort ancrage territorial révélateur de l’ancienne structure politique hiérarchique dans laquelle les Drung se trouvaient intégrés sous l’autorité de chefs tibétains (considérés comme les anciens maîtres des lieux. À un autre niveau, ces deux cultes de fertilité cristallisent une relation plus complexe au territoire vu comme un espace communautaire au sein duquel s’articulent les relations entre hommes et esprits.Among the Drung of Yunnan, the absence of any clearly identifiable territorial rituals calls into question the relationship between ancestrality, territory and political power within the framework of a common ritual goal : achieving fertility. This article presents an ethnographic description of two rituals associated with the notion of fertility—the ox sacrifice and the mountain cult—that used to coexist in Drung society. The links between these two rituals and their respective political implications are thus explored. While both rituals can be defined as

Ritual and environment : the 'mósit' ceremony of the Ethiopian Me'en people

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Abbink, G.J.

1995-01-01

This essay deals with the relation between ritual behaviour and environmental conditions in an African rural society, that of the South-East Surmic (Nilo-Saharan)-speaking Me'en people, a group of 'tribal' cultivators in Käfa region, Ethiopia. The study attempts to integrate 'ideational' and

Personal Reflections of Funeral Rituals and Spirituality in a Kentucky African American Family

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Collins, Wanda Lott; Doolittle, Amy

2006-01-01

This article introduces the authors' experiences and observations as grief/bereavement counselors participating in urban and rural funerals. A vignette illustrates the use of rituals and spirituality of one African American family, living in a rural area of Kentucky, and their efforts to cope with their own grief and loss of a loved one. The…

For one ritual before and after hundred years

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Georgiev Galin

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this text is to present the role of one calendar rite first of all as factor for the development and the position of local Bulgarian communities in the conditions of dynamic social-economic and cultural-historic changes in the beginning of XXI c. The different feast-ritual forms can be examined as part of the strategies of the small ethnic groups for survival and preserving of their ethnocultural identity. The ethnographic researches in the village of Chushmeley (Krinichnoe, Bolgrad region, the district of Odessa, are made in connection with a project of The Ethnographic Institute with Museum-BAS for studding of the Bulgarians in the region of Bessarabia.

Therapeutic effects of ritual ayahuasca use in the treatment of substance dependence--qualitative results.

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Loizaga-Velder, Anja; Verres, Rolf

2014-01-01

This qualitative empirical study explores the ritual use of ayahuasca in the treatment of addictions. Ayahuasca is an Amazonian psychedelic plant compound created from an admixture of the vine Banisteriopsis caapi and the bush Psychotria viridis. The study included interviews with 13 therapists who apply ayahuasca professionally in the treatment of addictions (four indigenous healers and nine Western mental health professionals with university degrees), two expert researchers, and 14 individuals who had undergone ayahuasca-assisted therapy for addictions in diverse contexts in South America. The study provides empirically based hypotheses on therapeutic mechanisms of ayahuasca in substance dependence treatment. Findings indicate that ayahuasca can serve as a valuable therapeutic tool that, in carefully structured settings, can catalyze neurobiological and psychological processes that support recovery from substance dependencies and the prevention of relapse. Treatment outcomes, however, can be influenced by a number of variables that are explained in this study. In addition, issues related to ritual transfer and strategies for minimizing undesired side-effects are discussed.

Climate Change, Millet and Ritual Relationship with the Magars of Argal, Baglung, Nepal

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Man Bahadur Khattri

2013-08-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on cultural analysis and how people are coping with new situation created by climate change in production of millet. Changes relating to climate change are observed; perceived and understood on a local level. This is an important area of study for anthropologists and it is interest of climate scientists as well. This paper is based on anthropological analysis on climate change effects on finger millet production in Argal VDC of Baglung district, West of Nepal. Millet is a staple food of people of Argal and most of Hill people of Nepal. Millet is not only staple food and associated with nutrition of people. It's also associated with rituals during production and as well as during consumption. Increasing temperature, changing rainfall patterns, extreme weather events are linked with climate change which has direct effect on life of all people but also millet production and ritual activities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v6i0.8481 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 6, 2012 107-124

Análisis documental de los rituales de posesión en la Baja Edad Media

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Tomás Puñal Fernández

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Las cartas de posesión constituyen uno de los tipos diplomáticos más interesantes de la documentación notarial privada. Mediante un esquema sencillo, casi en forma de acta notarial, sin demasiados tecnicismos ni muchas de las abundantes y complicadas cláusulas jurídicas presentes en la documentación notarial, son el más fiel reflejo de la expresividad popular de la baja Edad Media, que recurre a la palabra y al signo ritual como manera de manifestar sus deseos. La documentación del ceremonial y los rituales de posesión provenientes del derecho consuetudinario y de prácticas ancestrales se combina con la práctica jurídica, ambas generadoras de derechos y deberes. Su estudio, análisis y significado, tanto a través de los formularios de la época, como de los registros notariales y de la propia documentación encontrada en algunos fondos monásticos son el objetivo de este trabajo, ofreciendo la existencia de una documentación, fiasta la fecha, poco conocida.The letters of possession are one of the most interesting notarial types of the prívate notarial documentation. Through a simple form, like a notarial document, without using neither too many technical words ñor many complicated legal clauses, usually present in the notarial documents, they are the most faithful reflection of the people's behaviour in the Middie Ages; who used the oral expressions and the ritual signs as a way to show their wishes. The ceremony's documentation and the possessions rituals, coming from the Common Law and from the oíd practices, are combined with the legal practices, and both genérate rights and obligations. The goal of this paper is to study, analyse and find the meaning of these documents, both using the forms and the notarial records, and the Information found in the monastic archives; showing ttie existence of several documents not very well known so far.

The role of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) routines and rituals in men with cancer and their significant others (SOs): a qualitative investigation.

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Klafke, Nadja; Eliott, Jaklin A; Olver, Ian N; Wittert, Gary A

2014-05-01

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is frequently used in cancer patients, often with contribution of the significant others (SOs), but without consultation of healthcare professionals. This research explored how cancer patients integrate and maintain CAM use in their everyday life, and how SOs are involved in it. In this qualitative study, male participants were selected from a preceding Australian survey on CAM use in men with cancer (94 % response rate and 86 % consent rate for follow-up interview). Semistructured interviews were conducted with 26 men and 24 SOs until data saturation was reached. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed thematically, thereby paying close attention to participants' language in use. A major theme associated with high CAM use was "CAM routines and rituals," as it was identified that men with cancer practiced CAM as (1) functional routines, (2) meaningful rituals, and (3) mental/spiritual routines or/and rituals. Regular CAM use was associated with intrapersonal and interpersonal benefits: CAM routines provided men with certainty and control, and CAM rituals functioned for cancer patients and their SOs as a means to create meaning, thereby working to counter fear and uncertainty consequent upon a diagnosis of cancer. SOs contributed most to men's uptake and maintenance of dietary-based CAM in ritualistic form resulting in interpersonal bonding and enhanced closeness. CAM routines and rituals constitute key elements in cancer patients' regular and satisfied CAM use, and they promote familial strengthening. Clinicians and physicians can convey these benefits to patient consultations, further promoting the safe and effective use of CAM.

The ritual person as a hero in J. P. Clark's Ozidi | Eghagha | Lagos ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Within the microcosmos of J.P. Clark's epic-drama Ozidi, a man can become a hero by fulfilling the demands of ritual. Ozidi is a posthumous avenger, bom to set right the wrong committed by conspirators who had murdered his father in cold blood. By avenging his father's death, he gives the man honour and prestige among ...

Divine Intersections: Hindu Ritual and the Incorporation of Religious Others

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Kathinka Frøystad

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This article throws the study of multireligious sociality in Western contexts into sharp relief by examining the case of India. Much of the current scholarship of cosmopolitanism and multiculturalism tends to assume that religious beliefs, practices and spaces make the respective religious communities close entirely in upon themselves. While this assumption may hold true for most of the Western settings we study, it does not necessarily give an accurate description of the conditions for multireligious sociality in other parts of the world. In India, for instance, religious boundaries still display signs of malleability despite the religious politicization and occasional interreligious violence of the past decades. Drawing on recent anthropological research, this article shows that people of different religious denominations still visit Sufi shrines, that Hindus still incorporate ritual elements and divine beings from the religious traditions of their Others and that they exercise a wide personal choice in terms of spiritual activities, thus enabling spiritual paths that cross in and out of Hinduism. In a Hindu context rituals do not necessarily have an insulating effect; they may also provide points of intersection that open up toward the Other, thus fostering familiarity and recognition. Similar arguments have been made for Buddhist settings. The question is thus whether the current scholarship of cosmopolitanism may entail a certain monotheistic bias that needs to accounted for, something that is of particular importance when theorizing in ways that make universal claims.

Rationality and ritual participation and exclusion in nuclear decision-making

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Wynne, Brian

2013-01-01

In Rationality and Ritual, internationally renowned expert Brian Wynne offers a profound analysis of science and technology policymaking. By focusing on an episode of major importance in Britain's nuclear history - the Windscale Inquiry, a public hearing about the future of fuel reprocessing - he offers a powerful critique of such judicial procedures and the underlying assumptions of the rationalist approach. This second edition makes available again this classic and still very relevant work. Debates about nuclear power have come to the fore once again. Yet we still do not h

Catachresis in Côte d’Ivoire: Female Genital Power in Religious Ritual and Political Resistance

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Laura S. Grillo

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Ivoirian women vehemently protest the violence and calamity of civil war by deploying an embodied rhetoric of ritual, appealing to the traditional religious concept of “Female Genital Power”. I propose that their imagistic resistance to the postcolonial state represents a catachresis, with a few interesting twists. Most salient is that what women reinscribe onto the political scene is not as a feature of the imperial culture but the concept-metaphors of indigenous religion, and especially the image of Woman as the source of moral and spiritual power from which proceeds all political, religious, and juridical authority. Whereas the logocentrism of the academy, and postcolonial theory in particular, leads to aporia, ritual remands scholars into the situation of the actual world, where women are actively engaged in self-representation that both defies projected depictions of them and rejects their absence from state conceptions of power.

Assessment of addiction severity among ritual users of ayahuasca.

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Fábregas, Josep Maria; González, Débora; Fondevila, Sabela; Cutchet, Marta; Fernández, Xavier; Barbosa, Paulo César Ribeiro; Alcázar-Córcoles, Miguel Ángel; Barbanoj, Manel J; Riba, Jordi; Bouso, José Carlos

2010-10-01

Ayahuasca is a psychoactive beverage used for magico-religious purposes in the Amazon. Recently, Brazilian syncretic churches have helped spread the ritual use of ayahuasca abroad. This trend has raised concerns that regular use of this N,N-dimethyltryptamine-containing tea may lead to the medical and psychosocial problems typically associated with drugs of abuse. Here we assess potential drug abuse-related problems in regular ayahuasca users. Addiction severity was assessed using the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), and history of alcohol and illicit drug use was recorded. In Study 1, jungle-based ayahuasca users (n=56) were compared vs. rural controls (n=56). In Study 2, urban-based ayahuasca users (n=71) were compared vs. urban controls (n=59). Follow-up studies were conducted 1 year later. In both studies, ayahuasca users showed significantly lower scores than controls on the ASI Alcohol Use, and Psychiatric Status subscales. The jungle-based ayahuasca users showed a significantly higher frequency of previous illicit drug use but this had ceased at the time of examination, except for cannabis. At follow-up, abstinence from illicit drug use was maintained in both groups except for cannabis in Study 1. However, differences on ASI scores were still significant in the jungle-based group but not in the urban group. Despite continuing ayahuasca use, a time-dependent worsening was only observed in one subscale (Family/Social relationships) in Study 2. Overall, the ritual use of ayahuasca, as assessed with the ASI in currently active users, does not appear to be associated with the deleterious psychosocial effects typically caused by other drugs of abuse. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Rituals of interaction in everyday life: Goffman, Durkheim player

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Juarez Lopes de Carvalho Filho

2016-12-01

Full Text Available DOI DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7984.2016v15n34p137 This article proposes an exegesis of Goffman’s affiliation to Durkheim’s sociology, relating two works: Interaction Ritual and The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. He emphasizes two aspects that estimate present in both authors: the rites and the sacredness of the individual and the moral dimension of life in society. For Goffman the interaction rites are occasions to affirm the moral and social order. In a face-to-face, each social actor seeks to provide him a prized image, the “face” or “positive social value a person effectively claims by line of action that others assume that it adopted in the particular contact course.” In Interaction Ritual, Goffman critical sociologists and social anthropologists who, being engaged in the symbolic significance of modern society from Durkheim, did not take into account the notion of soul, present in the Elementary Forms of Religious Life. After identifying the intellectual and scientific influence in the formation of habitus and sociological métier Goffman, the text proposes to examine notions such rules, soul, rites, deference and the size necessary for the understanding of the social fabric in the order of interaction. It follows exposing a comparative table of the rites as described by Goffman modeled from Durkheim’s typology. It is expected that the reading of Goffman the light of Durkheim is an access road to the sociology of the first, and a way to update the contributions of the second reading of the social fabric of everyday life.

The ritualization of life and the expansion of psy cultures in Colombia: the local and the barely transnational.

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Uribe, Carlos Alberto

2017-11-01

This paper exposes the status of psy cultures in Colombia. It is shown how the country's official health system has transformed biomedical psychiatry and cognitive behavioral psychology into the dominant and hegemonic psy culture. However, far from being hegemonic, as presented, both serve to foster and sustain the existence of different "religious" or "sacred" therapeutic systems and practices that denaturalize human existential and psychological suffering. In general, the latter are ritual practices with a strong spiritualist, anti-materialist and antimonist content, that deal freely with a wide range of cosmologies, beliefs and symbols, even including the same concepts and practices of a biomedical origin. The result is a hyper-ritualization of daily life in the country.

Oath Ceremonies in Spain and New Spain in the 18th century: A Comparative Study of Rituals and Iconography

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Inmaculada Rodríguez Moya

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This paper will focus on a comparative study of the royal oath ceremonies in Spain and New Spain starting with the 16th century, when the ritual was established, to later consider some examples from the 18th century. A process of consolidating a Latin American and Hispanic identity began in the 17th century and was reflected in religious and political festivals everywhere. The royal oath ceremony was a renewal of vows of loyalty to the Crown, which was especially important in a monarchy composed a variety of different kingdoms. This ritual was very important in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, where a king ruled from afar over subjects scattered throughout a vast territory that was ethnically and culturally very diverse. The ceremony was therefore used in the 18th century to assert matters of identity through ritual gestures and the images that adorned the ephemeral architecture created for it. Accounts of festivities and prints depicting the event as it took place in places like Lisbon, Barcelona, Valencia, Majorca, Mexico and Lima will be studied from a comparative point of view.

“The Language of Gods”: The Pragmatics of Bilingual Parallelism in Ritual Ch’orti’ Maya Discourse

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Kerry Hull

2017-10-01

Full Text Available In this study I investigate the discursive function of parallelism in the ritual speech of Ch’orti’ Maya. Specifically, I examine the exploitation of the dual lexicons of Ch’orti’ Mayan and Spanish in the production of parallel structures. Ch’orti’ ritual speech is almost universally constructed in parallelistic fashion, accomplishing at once a near hypnotic cadence when performed, while also serving various pragmatic functions. I detail the dynamic breadth of what I refer to as bilingual parallelism, i.e., parallelism that involves the pairing of synonymous terms from different languages in a distich. The effective use of parallelistic speech is said by the Ch’orti’ to be an imitation of the speech patterns of the gods themselves, thereby further explaining its importance in ceremonial contexts when speaking to gods and otherworld beings.

CONFIGURATION OF CULTURAL NORMS IN TRADITIONAL RICE PLANTING RITUAL DISCOURSE THE TRADITIONAL FARMING COMMUNITY OF BAYAN, NORTH LOMBOK

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I Made Netra

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This is the study of traditional rice planting ritual discourse of the traditional farming community of Bayan, North Lombok in an ethno-pragmatic perspective.  It is specifically aimed at describing the cultural norms and their meaning configurations.  The theory used in the study is the cultural scripts developed by Wierzbicka (2002a considering that cultural norms constitute rules and regulations in social interaction practices. They can be investigated from the use of grammatical aspects of language and linguistic routines which are context-bound. They can be configured by paraphrasing in simple and mini language using single space. The results of the study showed that there were some cultural norms found on the traditional rice planting ritual discourse of the traditional farming community of Bayan, North Lombok. They included: (1 asserting thought and hope, (2 respecting other entities, (3 apologizing, (4 promising, and (5 giving advice. The configuration of these cultural norms was in accordance with the understanding of local cultural scripts and wisdom in terms of rituals of the local farming system. The configuration is constructed in low-level script with components of “when” and “if”. It contains the aspects of thinking, speaking, and doing. It is derived from the semantic primes of both evaluation and perception.

Rhythmic Rituals and Emergent Listening: Intra-Activity, Sonic Sounds and Digital Composing with Young Children

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Wargo, Jon M.

2017-01-01

(Re)Entering data from a networked collaborative project exploring how sound operates as a mechanism for attuning towards cultural difference and community literacies, this article examines one primary grade classroom's participation to investigate the rhythmic rituals of 'emergent listening' in early childhood literacy. Thinking with sound…

Türkiye'de Politik Ritüeller Political Rituals In The Turkish

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Kürşat ÖNCÜL

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Rituals that have been seen with especially religious stylesstarting from the time before the process of nationalization have begunto be systematic by having distinguishing aspects in association withbeing a nation which resulted from the formation of the commoncustoms in the following times. While the feeling of being a communityas a result of nationalization allows the rituals having historicalbackground to continue, new social and political acceptations make upnew ceremonies and new rituals to be put into practice in theseceremonies. Rituals and ceremonies which are performed so as todisplay the awareness of the people who have different political viewsdespite being in the same cultural circle, or to ensure the coalition overa shared entity have continued and will continue so long as thefundamental synergy, which constitutes the party, continues.The Turkish Republic founded after the collapse of the OttomanEmpire have inherently a social and political construction in whicheither formal or informal ceremonies and related rituals are performedin accordance with the common frame whose essential elements werecited above. The governors discountenance every action and movementoutside their constitution and such organizations that they interfere inaccordance with the flexible / rigid regulations of the domestic andglobal political conditions are the reflections of an attitude from past tothe future. In the Turkish Republic, it is also possible to see a numberof ceremonies and related rituals accepted as legal or illegal in line withthe statements. The participants perform the ceremonies and theirrituals again with the aim of realization of the early time of event andmostly reformation of the place where it took place. Every newrecurrence backs up the group awareness and motivates the newparticipant to share this moment. Rituals that have some sort ofsacredness at this point turn into sometimes only a memorial ceremonyof a group and sometimes the

Ritual Adat Tanaile sebuah Ekspresi Identitas Suku Wemale Di Negeri Nuduasiwa untuk Merawat Hormoni Sosial

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Agust Ufie

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Various social phenomena that continue to occur in the midst of our lives, is a side effect of modernization which is characterized by the development of science and technology. Modernization on one side is advantageous but on the other hand detrimental. The disadvantage is actually a blow or a threat to the sustainability of various traditions and cultures of the local community. Various efforts must continue to be blamed in order to strengthen the perspectives of society about the culture and tradition, the effort is also undermined in order to maintain the old paradigm that prioritizes togetherness, harmony, silahturahmi, help. Tanaile's customary ritual is an expression of the identity of the local community, amidst the continuing stretch of modernization. The expression of the identity of the local community is evident through the social and moral values of the Tanaile ritual tradition that must be preserved from generation to generation.

Ritual folklórico y representaciones colectivas. Modelo de Análisis Comunicacional

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ANTONIO MUÑOZ CARRIÓN

1986-01-01

Full Text Available Se definen los materiales folclóricos de acuerdo a sus elementos constitutivos (acciones, personas, objetos, valores y normas; se atribuye a las funciones de cada elemento presente en el contexto de una celebración la determinación de relaciones constantes y variables. Se emplea un análisis estructural-formal para investigar el orden interno que rige el carnaval tradicional Ru, el cual se celebra anualmente en un pueblo de Galicia, en el noroeste de España. Se concluye que en el interior del carnaval mencionado, cuyo desarrollo es aparentemente caótico e incontrolable, existe una estructura aceptada de normas que lo condiciona y lo inmoviliza. Este repertorio de "normas carnavalísticas" opera como una sintaxis en los márgenes del significado que posee cada norma para el grupo y para el individuo. Esta perspectiva teórica rechaza aquellos enfoques que estudian los rituales folclóricos sólo en tanto que productos del sistema social; antes bien, los sistemas de reglas vigentes en el ritual merecen un estudio específico.

Provisioning the Ritual Neolithic Site of Kfar HaHoresh, Israel at the Dawn of Animal Management.

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Meier, Jacqueline S; Goring-Morris, A Nigel; Munro, Natalie D

2016-01-01

It is widely agreed that a pivotal shift from wild animal hunting to herd animal management, at least of goats, began in the southern Levant by the Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period (10,000-9,500 cal. BP) when evidence of ritual activities flourished in the region. As our knowledge of this critical change grows, sites that represent different functions and multiple time periods are needed to refine the timing, pace and character of changing human-animal relationships within the geographically variable southern Levant. In particular, we investigate how a ritual site was provisioned with animals at the time when herd management first began in the region. We utilize fauna from the 2010-2012 excavations at the mortuary site of Kfar HaHoresh-the longest continuous Pre-Pottery Neolithic B faunal sequence in the south Levantine Mediterranean Hills (Early-Late periods, 10,600-8,700 cal. BP). We investigate the trade-off between wild and domestic progenitor taxa and classic demographic indicators of management to detect changes in hunted animal selection and control over herd animal movement and reproduction. We find that ungulate selection at Kfar HaHoresh differs from neighboring sites, although changes in dietary breadth, herd demographics and body-size data fit the regional pattern of emerging management. Notably, wild ungulates including aurochs and gazelle are preferentially selected to provision Kfar HaHoresh in the PPNB, despite evidence that goat management was underway in the Mediterranean Hills. The preference for wild animals at this important site likely reflects their symbolic significance in ritual and mortuary practice.

Discovering what is hidden: The role of non-ritualized covert neutralizing strategies in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

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Belloch, Amparo; Carrió, Carmen; Cabedo, Elena; García-Soriano, Gemma

2015-12-01

Neutralizing strategies are secondary to obsessions and an additional cause of distress and interference, but they have received little attention in theories and research, especially the non-ritualized covert strategies. This study focuses on the comparative impact of non-ritualized covert and compulsive-overt strategies in the course of OCD. Eighty-two OCD adult patients completed measures assessing distress, interference, appraisals and overt and covert neutralizing strategies to control obsessions. Thirty-eight patients who had completed cognitive therapy were assessed again after treatment. Only overt compulsions are associated with OCD severity. Nonetheless, considering the main symptom dimension, covert strategies are also associated with severity in patients with moral-based obsessions. Patients who used covert strategies more frequently, compared to those who use them less, reported more sadness, guilt, control importance, interference, and dysfunctional appraisals. Regarding the overt strategies, patients who used them more reported more anxiety and ascribed more personal meaning to their obsessions than the patients who used them less. After treatment, recovered patients decreased their use of both covert and overt strategies, while non-recovered patients did not. There was a higher rate of non-recovered patients among those who used more non-ritualized covert strategies before treatment. Emotions and appraisals were assessed with a single item. OCD symptom dimensions were only assessed by the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory. In addition to studying overt compulsions, the impact of covert neutralizing strategies on the OCD course and severity warrants more in-depth study. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

National Agendas and Local Realities: Festive Material and Ritual Culture, Nationalism, and Modernity in the Chita Region of Japan

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Sean McPherson

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The reworking of religious space in modern Japan encompassed the reinvention of the spatial, material, and ritual culture of matsuri 祭り(festivals. After a period of relative official disfavor, festivals in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were reinvigorated by changes in ritual process and spatial scope, as well as by shifts in the architecture and sculpture of dashi 山車 (wheeled festival floats. The incorporation of matsuri into broader discourses of national cultural identity was driven by the affective potential of their supposed cultural authenticity. This reinvention of festivity is evident in the Tokoname Matsuri of Tokoname City, Aichi Prefecture, where after the 1905 Russo-Japanese conflict several Edo-period shrine festivals were merged into a shōkonsai 招魂祭 (festival for the war dead. The spatial scope and ritual process, as well as the architecture and sculptural iconography, of the six dashi built for the new Tokoname Matsuri tied this regional city into national discourses of cultural authenticity, racial purity, and martial valor. The ideological resonance in prewar Japan of the Tokoname Matsuri and other festivals with nationalist imagery sprang from their indelibly local origins; matsuri were not controlled entirely from the top down, but rather were mediated at multiple levels.

De la plegaria y de la cocina ritual (Chiapas, México)

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Pujol, Helios Figuerola

2014-01-01

Intentaremos mostrar cómo, entre los tzeltales de Cancuc, en los altos de Chiapas, el ch’abajom (rezador) se transforma, durante el tiempo del ritual, en un delicado chef cocinero. Los conocimientos culinarios del ch’abajom se encuentran resumidos en un libro de recetas que, en un sueño premonitorio, un mestizo le entregará para facilitar sus actividades. En ese escrito encontrará los versos con metáforas y figuras retóricas con las que los dioses se alimentan. Para que éstas sean eficaces de...

A Inquisição e a Feitiçaria: A Ritualização do Interrogatório e da Tortura * The Inquisition and Witchcraft: the Ritualization of Inquiries and Torture

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JOÃO DAVI AVELAR PIRES

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Este trabalho se propõe a pensar a Inquisição, principalmente a medieval, como uma extensão ou organização católica que buscava a erradicação daqueles que se opunham aos dogmas e a moral pregadas pela Igreja. Fundamentados pelo conceito de ritual, apresentamos a relação entre a Inquisição e as mulheres acusadas de feitiçaria como um ritual, que se inicia desde o momento da captura das acusadas, passando pelos interrogatórios, pela tortura e chegando até o auto-de-fé, onde era queimada num local público, geralmente em feriados ou dias santos.Palavras-chave: Inquisição – Feitiçaria – Ritual. Abstract: his paper proposes to think the Inquisition, mainly medieval, as an extension or Catholic organization that sought to eradicate those who opposed the beliefs and morality preached by the Church. Basing on the concept of ritual, we present the relationship between the Inquisition and women accused of witchcraft as a ritual, which begins from the moment of capture of the accused, throughout the  inquiry and torture until  reaching the act of faith, where she  was burnt  at a public place, usually on holidays.Keywords: Inquisition – Witchcraft – Ritual.

The "Endura" of The Cathars' Heresy: Medieval Concept of Ritual Euthanasia or Suicide?

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Tsiamis, Costas; Tounta, Eleni; Poulakou-Rebelakou, Effie

2016-02-01

The aim of the study is to explore the medieval concepts on the voluntary death of severely sick people, as they emerge through the endura (endurance) of the heresy of the Cathars in France (twelfth to fourteenth centuries). The endura was the prerequisite act of repentance that would allow the fallen soul to return to heaven. The endura was a necessary act of repentance, after the performance of a ceremonial purification of the soul (consolamentum), and consisted of the patients' voluntary abstention from vital food. The consolamentum and endura could be performed in the final stage of a disease with the consent of the patients or their relatives. The role of the Cathar physician was only to determine the severity of the disease and the forthcoming death of the patient. The physician was not allowed to take steps that would deprive the life of the patient, and the performance of the ritual endura was duty of the spiritual leaders of the community. The modern ethical approach to this subject is dictated by the medieval belief on the salvation of the soul and tries to answer the question of whether the endura could be seen as a medieval concept of a ritual euthanasia or fell within the theological sin of suicide.

Symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: phenomenology and treatment outcomes with exposure and ritual prevention.

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Williams, Monnica T; Mugno, Beth; Franklin, Martin; Faber, Sonya

2013-01-01

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe condition with varied symptom presentations. Currently, the cognitive-behavioral treatment with the most empirical support is exposure and ritual prevention (EX/RP); however, clinical impression and some empirical data suggest that certain OCD symptoms are more responsive to treatment than others. Prior work identifying symptom dimensions within OCD is discussed, including epidemiological findings, factor analytic studies, and biological findings. Symptom dimensions most reliably identified include contamination/cleaning, doubt about harm/checking, symmetry/ordering, and unacceptable thoughts/mental rituals. The phenomenology of each of these subtypes is described and research literature is summarized, emphasizing the differential effects of EX/RP and its variants on each of these primary symptom dimensions. To date it appears that EX/RP is an effective treatment for the various OCD dimensions, although not all dimensions have been adequately studied (i.e. symmetry and ordering). Modifications to treatment may be warranted for some types of symptoms. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Snert: Ritual-liturgical measurements and recipes for social capital

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Cas Wepener

2010-03-01

Full Text Available The questions of how social capital is measured and how it is generated have received ample attention in recent years. This article is an attempt at making a modest contribution towards addressing these issues and specifically also as a contribution from the fields of Liturgical and Ritual Studies. It is argued that commensality can be taken as both lens/barometer with regard to the presence or absence of social capital, as well as being a potential generator of social capital. In order to arrive at this conclusion regarding food and the eating habits of humankind, the phenomenon of commensality and its relation to social capital is approached here from three different angles, namely Social Anthropology, New Testament Studies and Ethnography.

AHP 24: A Multi-ethnic Village in Northeast Tibet - History, Ritual, and Daily Life in Chu cha

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Stobs stag lha སྟོབས་སྟག་ལྷ།

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Multi-ethnic Chu cha Village in Mchod rten thang Township, Dpa' ris Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province, China is described in terms of location; population; clothing; language; religion; history; and personal, family, and community rituals. Photographs provide additional information.

Substance and Sense: Objects of Power in the Life, Writings, and Legacy of the Tibetan Ritual Master Sog bzlog pa Blo gros rgyal mtshan

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Gentry, James Duncan

2014-01-01

This thesis is a reflection upon objects of power and their roles in the lives of people through the lens of a single case example: power objects as they appear throughout the narrative, philosophical, and ritual writings of the Tibetan Buddhist ritual specialist Sog bzlog pa Blo gros rgyal mtshan (1552-1624) and his milieu. This study explores their discourse on power objects specifically for what it reveals about how human interactions with certain kinds of objects encourage the flow of po...

Rituals in nursing: intramuscular injections.

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Greenway, Kathleen

2014-12-01

To consider to what extent intramuscular injection technique can be described to remain entrenched in ritualistic practice and how evidence-based practice should be considered and applied to the nursing practice of this essential skill. The notion of rituals within nursing and the value or futile impact they afford to this essential nursing skill will be critically reviewed. Discursive paper. Literature review from 2002-2013 to review the current position of intramuscular injection injections. Within the literature review, it became clear that there are several actions within the administration of an intramuscular injection that could be perceived as ritualistic and require consideration for contemporary nursing practice. The essential nursing skill of intramuscular injection often appears to fit into the description of a ritualised practice. By providing evidence-based care, nurses will find themselves empowered to make informed decisions based on clinical need and using their clinical judgement. For key learning, it will outline with rationale how site selection, needle selection, insertion technique and aspiration can be cited as examples of routinised or ritualistic practice and why these should be rejected in favour of an evidence-based approach. The effect on some student nurses of experiencing differing practices between what is taught at university and what is often seen in clinical practice will also be discussed. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Pilgrims past and present: the ritual landscape of Raqchi, southern Peru

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Bill Sillar

1999-11-01

Full Text Available In 1533 the Spanish overthrew the Inka1 empire that then dominated the Andean region and much of the west coast of South America. Most tourists going to Peru visit Cuzco and Machu Pichu, but few see any of the other spectacular Ink a ruins, such as the mythical and ritual site at Raqchi. There research is focusing on the site itself and on the long-term history of the Vilcanota Valley, including the changes wrought by the Spanish invasion. The project is also working with the local community to promote sustainable tourism.

Symbols, spaces and materiality: a transmission-based approach to Aegean Bronze Age ritual.

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Briault, C.

2005-01-01

This thesis explores the transmission of ritual practices in the second millennium BC Aegean. In contrast to previous approaches, which often overlook gaps in the diachronic record, emphasising continuity in cult practice over very long timescales, it is argued here that through charting the spatial and temporal distributions of three broad material types (cult symbols, spaces and objects), it is possible to document the spread of cult practice over time and space, and, crucially, to monitor ...

Word play, ritual insult, and volleyball in Peru.

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Perez, Justin

2011-01-01

Many gay men in the popular sectors of Lima, Peru participate in vóley callejero, or street volleyball. The ethnographic data presented in this article describes verbal and corporal mechanisms through which gay identity emerges within the particular context of the street volleyball game, ultimately highlighting the contextual nature of identity. The volleyball players are not just hitting a ball back and forth, they are engaging in a meaningful activity that illuminates intersections of language, sexuality, and identity. Through the manipulation of the street into a volleyball court, the volleyball players create a space conducive to the articulation of particular verbal and embodied practices that index gay identity. The challenge to the regulations of "proper" volleyball through the practice of ritual insulting and the cultivation of gay volleyball technique are playful reconfigurations of gendered practices prominent in the sites where fieldwork was carried out.

Forced Migration and Muslim Rituals: An Area of Cultural Psychology?

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Nora Ahlberg

1993-01-01

Full Text Available The psychological foundation of rites de passage have long been debated within the history of religion and related areas. The significance of such rites in facilitating emotional readjustment to a new life situation have been particularly stressed. Emotional reactions on the individual level largely remain outside the competence of anthropologists, despite their awareness of the general influence of culture on this as on other areas of human endeavour. Focusing on traumatized female refugees from Iran, a critical question is whether the changing living conditions which have provoked traumatic experiences in the lives of these refugees have been in any way related to Muslim ritual requirements or rites de passage.

Revision of the Word Association Test for assessing associations of patients reporting satanic ritual abuse in childhood.

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Leavitt, F; Labott, S M

1998-11-01

A growing number of psychiatric patients report satanic ritual abuse, prompting research into this controversial area. In the current study, the Word Association Test (WAT) was modified to assess experience with satanic abuse. Pilot work resulted in norms for two domains: normative and satanic. Female psychiatric patients were compared on their associations in two studies. Based on a sexual history, they were grouped into those reporting sexual abuse, those reporting satanic ritual abuse (SRA), and those without a history of sexual abuse (controls). In both studies, SRA patients gave significantly more total associations, significantly fewer normative associations, and significantly more satanic associations than did the other two groups. These results suggest that an experience base is shared by individuals reporting SRA that is not found in individuals who do not report satanic abuse (even if they do report sexual abuse). The implications of these findings are discussed from the perspective of arguments advanced by advocates and critics of SRA.

RITUAL, KEPERCAYAAN LOKAL DAN IDENTITAS BUDAYA MASYARAKAT CIOMAS BANTEN

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Ayatullah Humaeni

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the local beliefs, the characteristics and cultural identity as well as the socio-religious rituals of Ciomas society. It is a field research using ethnographical method based on anthropological perspective. To analyze the data, the researcher uses structural-functional approach. The finding shows the champion character of jawara is frequently identified with negative labels by several authors such as Willams and Kartodirdjo. The fame of Golok Ciomas that has historical and cultural values for Bantenese society in general is also often referred to champion figures who are rude, valiant, and act like a criminal. As a matter of fact, for majority of Bantenese society, such distinctive characteristics have more positive meanings that were inherited by their ancestors and they still possess religious values maintained up to the present.

Con el diablo adentro. El consumo medicinal y ritual del balche’ entre los mayas de Yucatán visto desde una perspectiva etnohistórica.

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Daniela Sánchez Aroche

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This article aims to bring forward historiographical information regarding the consumption of balche’ between the peninsular Maya people from an ethnohistorical framework. First, exposing epigraphic approaches regarding former notions about beekeeping, favorable dates for the realization of such activities, and offerings deposited in hives. Subsequently, we analyze the restrictions imposed in the colonial era contained in records where its medicinal uses and ritual functions are shown. Finally, using ethnographic historiography, we identify balche’s continued therapeutic and ritual usage.

De sillas y almohadones o de la naturaleza ritual del poder en la nueva España de los siglos XVI y XVII

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Cañeque, Alejandro

2004-12-01

Full Text Available This article examines the relationship between public ritual and colonial authority in sixteenth and seventeenth-century New Spain. In colonial society, the establishment of authority depended more on such things as prestige, reputation and/or public appearance than on the use of force. This helps explain the great transcendence attributed by contemporaries to all kinds of public rituals. Their effects were far from negligible: they were much more than a disguise with which to make the rulers’ power more palatable. Royal officials constituted their power and identities through public ceremony, and therefore placed crucial importance on maintaining an authoritative public image.

El artículo estudia la interrelación entre ritual público y autoridad colonial en la Nueva España de los siglos XVI y XVII. En la sociedad colonial, el afianzamiento de la autoridad dependía más de cuestiones tales como prestigio, reputación y/o apariencia pública que del uso de la fuerza. Eso permite explicar la trascendencia tan grande que los contemporáneos dieron a todo tipo de rituales públicos pues sus efectos estaban lejos de ser algo insignificante y eran mucho más que simples disfraces para hacer más digerible el poder de los gobernantes. Los oficiales reales consituían su poder y su identidad a través del ceremonial público y, por tanto, daban una importancia crucial al mantenimiento de una imagen pública llena de autoridad.

El kyphi, un perfume ritual, mágico y medicinal en el universo egipcio grecorromano

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Sabino Perea Yébenes

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Muchas fuentes antiguas, literarias y epigráficas, hablan de un singular producto típicamente egipcio: el kyphi. Se trata de un compuesto «químico» muy complejo, hecho con productos naturales, que toma la forma de incienso. De hecho, se traduce normalmente como «incienso», aunque éste sea sólo una parte de su composición. Su uso es muy variado: se emplea en los rituales de los templos egipcios, y en ceremonias mágicas, y también, por sus propiedades, tiene aplicaciones en medicina, desde época griega a la Edad Media.Many ancient sources, literary and epigraphic, speak of kyphi, a singular product typically Egyptian. This is a «chemical» product very complex, made with natural products, which takes the form and texture of incense. In fact, it is usually translated as «incense», although this is only part of its composition. Its use is very varied, in the rituals of the Egyptian temples and also, and magical ceremonies. For their properties, is used in medicine, from Greek times to the Middle Ages.

Evidence of ritual entombment and architectural renovation in a plaza at Huaca Pucllana

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Ríos Palomino, Nilton

2017-01-01

Archaeological excavations in the northeast sector of the archaeological site of Pucllana exposed an accumulation of cultural debris lying on the surface of a door. The context of these findings and the analysis of the building sequencedemonstrate that these materials came from the upper part of a sunken plaza. The analysis of the artifacts shows that they were remnants of large-scale food consumption and the result of a complex sequence of ritual performances.According to this evidence, we p...

The ritual of coffee break inside organizations: toward social efficiency and/or performance?

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Cécilia BRASSIER-RODRIGUES

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This research examines a non-formal ritual practice – the coffee break – inside organizations. Based on a survey conducted on 12 marketing and commercial teams in France, we analyse if the coffee break has an objective of social efficiency or of performance. While solving this question, our results also reveal the importance of seniority in the observed behaviors, suggesting that it symbolizes an informal level of authority in front of the formal authority symbolized by the status.

Plants as highly diverse sources of construction wood, handicrafts and fibre in the Heihe valley (Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, China): the importance of minor forest products.

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Kang, Jin; Kang, Yongxiang; Feng, Jing; Liu, Mengying; Ji, Xiaolian; Li, Dengwu; Stawarczyk, Kinga; Łuczaj, Łukasz

2017-06-30

Chinese rural communities living among species-rich forests have little documentation on species used to make handicrafts and construction materials originating from the surrounding vegetation. Our research aimed at recording minor wood uses in the Heihe valley in the Qinling mountains. We carried out 37 semi-structured interviews in seven villages. We documented the use of 84 species of plants. All local large canopy trees are used for some purpose. Smaller trees and shrubs which are particularly hard are selectively cut. The bark of a few species was used to make shoes, hats, steamers and ropes, but this tradition is nearly gone. A few species, mainly bamboo, are used for basket making, and year-old willow branches are used for brushing off the chaff during wheat winnowing. The traditional use of wood materials documented suggests that some rare and endangered tree species may have been selectively cut due to their valuable wood, e.g. Fraxinus mandshurica and Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis. Some other rare species, e.g. Dipteronia sinensis, are little used and little valued.

Symptom Dimensions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Phenomenology and Treatment Outcomes with Exposure and Ritual Prevention

OpenAIRE

Williams, Monnica T.; Mugno, Beth; Franklin, Martin; Faber, Sonya

2013-01-01

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe condition with varied symptom presentations. The cognitive-behavioral treatment with the most empirical support is currently exposure and ritual prevention (EX/RP); however, clinical impression and some empirical data suggest that certain OCD symptoms are more responsive to treatment than others. Prior work identifying symptom dimensions within OCD is discussed, including epidemiological findings, factor analytic studies, and biological findings...

Taiwans multi-etniske samfund og den oprindelige befolknings postkoloniale situation eksemplificeret ved genindførelsen af traditionelle ritualer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rudolph, Michael

2012-01-01

Since the middle of the 1990s, traditionalist performances were on the rise in Taiwan. Generously subsidized by government bodies, aboriginal elites now not only publicly worshipped ancestor gods and enacted animal sacrifices in so called revitalized rituals, but also used these occasions to point...

Mummy Lake: An unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual landscape

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Benson, Larry V.; Griffin, Eleanor R.; Stein, J.R.; Friedman, R. A.; Andrae, S. W.

2014-01-01

The structure at Mesa Verde National Park known historically as Mummy Lake and more recently as Far View Reservoir is not part of a water collection, impoundment, or redistribution system. We offer an alternative explanation for the function of Mummy Lake. We suggest that it is an unroofed ceremonial structure, and that it serves as an essential component of a Chacoan ritual landscape. A wide constructed avenue articulates Mummy Lake with Far View House and Pipe Shrine House. The avenue continues southward for approximately 6 km where it apparently divides connecting with Spruce Tree House and Sun Temple/Cliff Palace. The avenue has previously been interpreted as an irrigation ditch fed by water impounded at Mummy Lake; however, it conforms in every respect to alignments described as Chacoan roads. Tree-ring dates indicate that the construction of Spruce Tree House and Cliff Palace began about A.D. 1225, roughly coincident with the abandonment of the Far View community. This pattern of periodically relocating the focus of an Anasazi community by retiring existing ritual structures and linking them to newly constructed facilities by means of broad avenues was first documented by Fowler and Stein (1992) in Manuelito Canyon, New Mexico. Periods of intense drought appear to have contributed to the relocation of prehistoric Native Americans from the Far View group to Cliff Palace/Spruce Tree House in the mid-13th century and eventually to the abandonment of all Anasazi communities in southwestern Colorado in the late-13th century.

Energy efficient technology - from this all will benefit; Energieeffiziente Technik - davon profitieren alle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-02-15

Within the International Trade Fair of Craft between 11th and 17th March, 2009 in Munich (Federal Republic of Germany) the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany) presented the following lectures: (1) The handicraft in context to demography - The demography in the east German federal states (Thomas Satzmann); (2) The handicraft in the financial crisis (Joachim Garrecht); (3) The transformation of the service regulation (Thomas Ernst); (4) Future handicraft (Joachim Garrecht); (5) Journalist Special: Use of electronic media such as podcast and internet-TV for public relations in the handicraft (Michael Bachmann); (6) Standardization at small and medium-sized enterprises (Thomas Ernst); (7) Crafts and tourism (Evelin Friedrich); (8) The handicraft in the financial crisis (Joachim Garrecht); (9) Activation of facades in existing buildings in combination with air heat and solar thermal power - Theory and reports from the practice (Jens Wolfensteller, Volker Drexel); (10) Fiscal reform in favour of the handicraft (Joachim Garrecht, Johannes Hoefer); (11) The transformation of the service regulation (Thomas Ernst); (12) Mould fungus, dangerous subtenant - General aspects to mould fungi, recognition, health aspects and removal (Sabine Hoer); (13) The energy competency centre of the Chamber of Commerce Potsdam (Herbert Pape); (14) The handicraft in the financial crisis (Joachim Garrecht); (15) Standardization at small and medium-sized enterprises (Thomas Ernst); (16) Reformation of the inheritance tax (Joachim Garrecht, Johannes Hoefer); (17) Amendment of the law for chimneysweepers (Joachim Garrecht); (18) Future handicraft (Joachim Garrecht); (19) Handicraft and tourism (Evelin Friedrich); (20) Politics in favour of the handicraft (Joachim Garrecht); (21) Reformation of the inheritance tax (Joachim Garrecht); (22) Challenges of the demography in the handicraft (Evelin Friedrich); (23) The handicraft in the financial crisis

The Revolt of the “Ñatitas”: “Ritual Empowerment” and Cycle of the Dead in La Paz, Bolivia

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Fernández Juárez, Gerardo

2010-06-01

Full Text Available The periodic exhumation and moving of dead bodies is a ritual of long history in the Central Andes, as revealed by “programs to extirpate idolatry” in the 16th and 17th centuries as well as ethnography on current All-Saints Day celebrations. Despite the open hostility of the Catholic Church toward “unorthodox” customs regarding the dead, remarkable instances of them can still be observed and studied at present, such as the socalled “Feast of the Ñatitas” which is held on every Sunday following All-Saints Day in the premises and church of “the General Cemetery” of La Paz. The current process of “ritual empowerment” of native peoples and social movements in Bolivia makes it all too clear the full significance of this feast as well as its commanding presence in ritual time and space against the policy of Catholic Church authorities in the country.

La periódica exhumación y traslado de cadáveres constituye un comportamiento ritual de larga duración en los Andes Centrales, tal y como acreditan los “procesos de extirpación de idolatrías” de los siglos XVI y XVII, así como la etnografía contemporánea en relación con la festividad de Todos los Santos. A pesar de la actitud crítica y el celo de la Iglesia Católica contra este tipo de comportamientos ceremoniales “heterodoxos”, contamos con ejemplos especialmente elocuentes que continúan practicándose en la actualidad; es el caso de la llamada “Fiesta de las Ñatitas”, que corresponde al domingo siguiente a la del Primero de Noviembre y que se celebra en el camposanto y en el templo del Cementerio General de La Paz. El actual proceso de “empoderamiento ritual” de los pueblos originarios y los movimientos sociales en Bolivia hace resaltar el alcance significativo de esta fiesta y su éxito rotundo en tiempos de vivo conflicto con los responsables de la Iglesia Católica boliviana.

RELIGION, CULTURE AND LOCAL WISDOM IN THE DEATH RITUAL OF PONTIANAK MALAY SOCIETY

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Sumarman Muhammad Djar’ie

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Death is inevitable and will occur to every living creature, including humans no mater what religion or belief they have; however, no one knows for sure when it happens. Humans can only predict death based on indicators that can be seen before it occurs. Still until now, there are many people who attempt to oppose death, even though in the end they have to admit that Allah is the Almighty. Therefore, no wonder if the death is still considered a tragedy rather than the culmination of happiness when humans finally harvest of deeds they have done all their life. In this light, death rituals are often accompanied by the tears of the family of the deceased, even some cry hard to express their pain as someone they love is gone, coupled with the arrival of relatives and acquaintances who mourn, and condolences as well as the phrase “inna lillâh wa inna ilaihi raji’ȗn”. A day of joy has turned into a day of sorrow, although it always ends with kendurian (gathering for remembering the dead, whose excitement is like that of selamatan (communal feast and syukuran (celebration of thankfulness. This paper tries to present the infiltration of religion and culture in the death ritual in Pontianak Malay community as an object of discussion of local wisdom by using mafhȗm mukhâlafah approach, to provide a new understanding of the meaning of death.

Culture and creativity in the Otavalo region (Ecuador

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Bernarda Elisa Pupiales Rueda

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The article addresses some of the cultural manifestations of the people located in Otavalo (Ecuador, and witnesses the validity of the ancestral traditions of the ethnic groups that make it possible for the creativity to be interconnected with the popular expressions through an innate ability to the development of decorative, utilitarian, mythical or profane objects that constitute the handicrafts, clothing and the popular celebrations. Otavalo’s crafts is related to syncretic culture, sacred and profane, traditional and modern, ritual and playful. In addition, there are some similarities with the region of south Colombia. So, there are clear cultural links, either by the proximity, as well as the cultural roots they share. The study leads to a series of reflections on the traditions of a region with a high indigenous ethnic component and a rich and prolific material culture which evidences complex hybridizations and influences.

Fundar la casa: prácticas rituales y espacio doméstico en el oppidum ibérico de El Puig d’Alcoi (Alacant

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Grau Mira, Ignasi

2015-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present the ritual practices identified in the Iberian oppidum of El Puig d’Alcoi, in the central area of the ancient Contestania, in the northern part of the current province of Alicante. We present two separate deposits under the houses dated during the 5th and 4th centuries BC, in which were buried remains of banquets and animal sacrifices, with the burial of a newborn in one of them. We interpret them as foundation rituals of houses and are analysed in relation to domestic life developed in the course of the occupation of the oppidum, in particular with the processes of building-rebuilding the houses and the social relationships of the community that inhabited El Puig d’Alcoi.En este trabajo presentamos las prácticas rituales identificadas en el oppidum ibérico de El Puig d’Alcoi, en el área central de la Contestania, al norte de la actual provincia de Alicante. Se trata de dos depósitos en la base de viviendas del poblado de los ss. v y iv a.C., en los que se enterraron restos de banquetes y sacrificios de animales, con la inhumación de un perinatal en uno de ellos. Los interpretamos como rituales de fundación de viviendas y se analizan en relación con la vida doméstica desarrollada en el transcurso de la ocupación del poblado, en concreto con los procesos de construcción-reconstrucción de las casas y con las relaciones sociales de la comunidad que habitó El Puig d’Alcoi.

The Ritual "Play of the Congos" of North-Central Panama: Its Sociolinguistic Implications. Sociolinguistic Working Paper Number 85.

Science.gov (United States)

Joly, Luz Graciela

An excerpt from the "Play of the Congos," given in Congo, Spanish, and English, exemplifies the sociolinguistic features of the combined play and ritual language used by the Afro-Hispanic population in the Caribbean region of the Costa Abajo in north-central Panama. The sociolinguistic norms are an important part of the "regulation…

Desire for experiential travel, avoidance of rituality and social esteem: An empirical study of consumer response to tourism innovation

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Wing Yin Chan

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This study investigates tourist consumption responses toward tourism innovation. To measure tourist responses, this study posits three key consumption drivers, namely social esteem, desire for experiential travel, and avoidance against rituality of tourism settings (a subscale of need for uniqueness and models consumers’ affective response within the context of tourism innovation. It involves 295 respondents in an empirical survey. The findings affirm the three drivers toward tourist consumption behavior. Avoidance of rituality reflects tourist preference toward tourism product and service innovation. Desire for experiential travel and the pursuit of social esteem signify tourism management and marketing innovation. Social esteem, need for status and creative choice have significant influence on tourists’ affective responses. Acquiring unique tourist products, desire for experiential travel and seeking social esteem are important motivations for tourist consumption. The implications of the study enrich the existing literature of consumer behavior and tourist consumption in response to tourism innovation.

Stable isotope and DNA evidence for ritual sequences in Inca child sacrifice

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, Andrew S.; Taylor, Timothy; Ceruti, Maria Constanza; Chavez, Jose Antonio; Reinhard, Johan; Grimes, Vaughan; Meier-Augenstein, Wolfram; Cartmell, Larry; Stern, Ben; Richards, Michael P.; Worobey, Michael; Barnes, Ian; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.

2007-01-01

Four recently discovered frozen child mummies from two of the highest peaks in the south central Andes now yield tantalizing evidence of the preparatory stages leading to Inca ritual killing as represented by the unique capacocha rite. Our interdisciplinary study examined hair from the mummies to obtain detailed genetic and diachronic isotopic information. This approach has allowed us to reconstruct aspects of individual identity and diet, make inferences concerning social background, and gain insight on the hitherto unknown processes by which victims were selected, elevated in social status, prepared for a high-altitude pilgrimage, and killed. Such direct information amplifies, yet also partly contrasts with, Spanish historical accounts. PMID:17923675

Adventus Praesulis: Social Consensus and Power Rituals in the Urban World of the Late Antiquity

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Pablo FUENTES HINOJO

2012-03-01

Full Text Available It is the purpose of this article to examine the emergence of the Christian rituals of power and his influence on the construction of the memory in the urban societies from the Ivth to VIIth centuries. The attention is focused concretely on the adventus praesulis , ceremony of arrival of the bishop to his seed, studing his origins, political and social function, and effects on the perception that the urban population had about his common past.

Imágenes del rapto de la doncella en rituales festivos ibéricos

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Brisset, Demetrio E.

2003-12-01

Full Text Available During the patron saint's feasts in several small towns of the Iberian Peninsula, it is the devil who persuades the "moors" to kidnap the Virgin Mary. This ritual abduction of the model woman in Iberian culture can be regarded as part of a symbolic complex expressed throughout the centuries in various significant ways, the persistency of which indicating its deeprooted presence in hearts and minds and its influence on collective values and beliefs. Here I propose a comparative ethnohistorical approach, using the analytical tools of visual anthropology, to the symbolism of the different images of the abducted woman appearing in such patron saint's feasts, whether sacred or profane.

En las fiestas patronales de varios pueblos ibéricos, Luzbel convence a los «moros» para que se apoderen de la Virgen María. Este rapto ritual de la bella imagen de la mujer modélica en nuestra cultura se puede incluir dentro de un complejo simbólico expresado a lo largo de los siglos con muy vanadas formas significantes; persistencia que indica su profunda implantación psíquica e influencia en las creencias y valores colectivos. Aquí se propone una aproximación comparativa etnohistórica, con el instrumental analítico de la antropología visual, para abordar el simbolismo de las diversas imágenes de la mujer raptada que aparecen en dichas representaciones festivas, tanto religiosas como profanas.

Remembering myth and ritual in the everyday tectonics of hospitals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tvedebrink, Tenna Doktor Olsen

2015-01-01

When discussing tectonics, the book Studies in tectonic culture by Kenneth Frampton (2001) is often mentioned for linking the ethics of architecture with a focus on structural genius. Another reference is the paper The tell-the-tale detail by Marco Frascari (1984), which in addition to Frampton put...... emphasis on both the physical construction and mental construing of architecture. With this dual perspective Frascari established a discourse in tectonic thinking which brings the tectonic expression beyond structural genius into socio-cultural realms of storytelling, myth and ritual. However, in everyday...... architecture like hospitals this perspective of construing is often neglected. In this paper, I explore if it is possible through a re-reading of Frascari’s words to inspire for a re-construction of everyday tectonics? Based on project MORE at Aalborg Hospital, I argue that the perspective of construing...

Functional, symbolic or ritual? On several tools from the furnishing of aristocratic burials in eponymous Vendel, Sweden

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ježek, Martin

2016-01-01

Roč. 8, č. 3 (2016), s. 491-504 ISSN 1866-9557 Grant - others:Rada Programu interní podpory projektů mezinárodní spolupráce AV ČR(CZ) M300021203 Institutional support: RVO:67985912 Keywords : Early middle ages * boat burial * elite * precious metal * touchstone * zinc * forging tools * ritual metallurgy Subject RIV: AC - Archeology, Anthropology, Ethnology Impact factor: 1.844, year: 2016

Entre ritual y espectáculo, reflexividad corporizada en el candombe

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Manuela Rodríguez

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza la danza del candombe montevideano con el objetivo de reconstruir un tipo de reflexividad que opera en el contexto de una perfomance festiva, caracterizada por situarse en un espacio-tiempo intermedio entre ritual y espectáculo y en donde lo corporal juega un rol principal. Con el término reflexividad corporizada se intenta caracterizar un tipo de reflexión transformadora de las subjetividades que no se da únicamente en la conciencia, sino en un sujeto "total". A partir de un cruce entre la fenomenología y un análisis más estructural de las representaciones instituidas sobre las mujeres negras uruguayas, buscamos comprender la rearticulación significante en las prácticas y discursos, principalmente en la reformulación que la performance posibilita. Como acontecimiento liminar, que permite una apertura senso-perceptiva, la danza del candombe produce transformaciones subjetivas en los participantes, fundamentalmente porque estas experiencias involucran la participación corporal y un peculiar tipo de reflexividad que es corporizada.This paper analyses the Candombe dance from Montevideo to reconstruct a kind of reflexivity present in a festivity performance which is, in terms of space and time, halfway between the ritual and the spectacle, and where the corporal aspect plays a fundamental role. The term embodied reflexivity is used to characterize a kind of transforming reflexivity in subjectivities, which takes place no only in conscience but in a "total" subject. From an approach that intertwines a phenomenological with a structural analysis of established representations in black Uruguayan women, we aim to understand the re-articulation or the signifiers in practices and discourses, mainly in the re-formulation the performance makes possible. As a liminal event that allows a sensory-perceptive opening, the Candombe dance produces subjective transformations in dancers, primarily because this experience involves body

Ritual, Myth and Tragedy: Origins of Theatre in Dionysian Rites

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Nadja Berberovic

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In the deep, dark forests and in the lush green valleys, worshippers of Dionysus celebrated the eternal cycles of death and rebirth, symbolized in the sacred mask of the wild god. Drunk and intoxicated, wearing the mask of Dionysus, the actor is at once the shaman and the priest. Channeling the presence of the fearsome divinity, he drinks the sacred wine and eats the raw flesh of his prey. In this eternal moment, he becomes one with the god and the beast residing inside of him. Within Ancient Greek culture, the sacred rites of Dionysus have been appropriated and transformed to theatre performances. The shaman became the actor, the participants became the audience, the sacred altar became the stage. From myth as a ritual performance emerged the theatre of tragedy, in which the undying spirit of Dionysus, majestic and terrifying, speaks to us even today.

La estructuración ritual del cuerpo, la experiencia y la intersubjetividad en la práctica del budismo zen argentino

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Catón Eduardo Carini

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, analisamos o aspecto fenomenológico do ritual zen na Argentina, especificamente nas práticas e representações relacionadas ao corpo, ao sofrimento e à intersubjetividade. Em primeiro lugar, enfocamos o modo como os praticantes da meditação experimentam e significam a dor e o sofrimento. Em seguida, analisamos o propiciamento de um habitus psicofísico social e construído culturalmente por meio da participação nos centros budistas daquele país, em que as modalidades somáticas da atenção representam um papel de grande importância. Concluindo, questionamos o âmbito da intersubjetividade e da intercorporalidade das comunidades zen, uma vez que é no marco da interrelação em determinado contexto pautado ritualmente que se produz o habitus religioso mencionado anteriormente.The article examines the phenomenological aspect of Zen ritual in Argentina- more specifically, the practices and representations related to the body, suffering and intersubjectivity. In the first place it focuses on the different ways in which Zen meditation practitioners experience and give meaning to their pain and suffering. Secondly, it analyses how participation in Argentinean Buddhist centers promote a socially and culturally constructed psychophysical habitus, in which somatic modes of attention play an important part. The third part investigates the area of intersubjetivity and intercorporality of Zen communities, in a ritually structured context; this is the borderland of the interrelation with others and where the before mentioned religious habitus is produced.

“A horror so deep only ritual can contain it”: The art of dying in the theatre of Sarah Kane

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Sara Soncini

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Death is an overarching presence in Sarah Kane's dramatic universe, peopled by characters charging towards death, and usually encountering it in scenes of Grand Guignol excess and grotesque violence. Death is ambivalently presented as the only escape from the nightmare of living and, at the same time, as that which makes living a nightmare; as the moment of "complete sanity and humanity" in which "everything suddenly connects", and as the ultimate, irrevocable and unredeemable act of self-annihilation. Following Kane's turn towards a more poetic form of drama, in her last two plays this discourse of death is handed over to the words nameless characters or unidentified voices who are likewise engaged in a long, painful quest for selfhood pivoting on the awareness of mortality and the simultaneous dread of and longing for death it engenders. This essay focuses on the ritual quality of the death scenes and/or narratives that crowd Kane's drama. Throughout her work, dying is never an easy, straightforward business, but rather a long, complicated, and at times frustrating mise en scène which also entails rehearsing a repertory of traditional rituals and, once their shortcomings become apparent, devising and testing new ones. The amount of theatricality involved in the art of dying is foregrounded through a web of intertextual references to other literary and/or dramatic sources; this dialogue ties in with a self-reflexive probing of the theatre's ability to provide a ritual that will be capable of "contain[ing] the horror" by supplying a formal framework to express, embody and experience death collectively.

PELATIHAN TEKNIK ELEKTROPLATING NIKEL BAGI INDUSTRI KERAJINAN KUNINGAN DI DESA KAMASAN KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG

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T. G. Tirta Nindhia

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The Village of Kamasan at Klungkung in the Province of Bali is recognized as a centre of metal handicrafts,especially the handicraft made from brass. Many home industries for the brass handicraft are established in thisvillage. Recently due to Rapid progress of Tourism in Bali, The brass handicraft in Kamasan are growing wellbecause the demand for the souvenir. However some problem arise such as limited of variation, and surface qualityof the brass handicraft that tend to become blurred or dull due to the process of oxidation. This condition makethe brass handicrafts become not so interest as silver handicrafts that can shine for quite long time. To overcomethis problem it is needed to coating the surface of the brass handicrafts so that there will be no contact withoxygen. The coating will be more benefit if able to exhibit more interesting appearance, as what nickel coatingcan affect the appearance of the surface to become like silver but more clear. Equipment for nickel elektroplatingwas designed for this purpose and donated for this purpose. The unique of the equipment that was donated weresmall in size therefore only low electric power is needed, only 1 liter electrolyte was used and can be use manytime. The positive result is obtained for this activity where all participants able to operate the elektroplatingprocess with excellent result.

STUDI TENTANG BENTUK, MOTIF DAN TEKNIK KRIYA PERAK KOTO GADANG MINANGKABAU

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M. Nasrul Kamal

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Silver  is  a  white  shiny metal. It is  used as daily needs as well as decoration. The silver handicraft in Koto Gadang district have been well-known since long time ago.  The things made by each handycraft centers are almost the same so that it is difficult to create interesting shapes for consumers. Beside that, the technique used is still a simple one, and the motives applied to the handicraft are only little developed. Therefore, this research tries to describe several things:  1 To identify silver handicraft product shapes; 2 To identify the name of the motives being developed; 3 To explain the production technique of silver handicraft. This research is conducted in Koto  Gadang; using quantitative  and  qualitative  sampling. The result of this research is silver handicraft shapes, which  involve various kinds of earring, bracelet, brooch, ring, necklace, pendant, and miniature, as well as ornament for wedding ceremnny, among other things are various shapes of necklace, ring, and ear-plug. To make handicraft, chisel, kikir (serrated iron for smoothing something, plait, and sickle. The motives applied on the products are cucumber leaf, padek leaf, jackfruit leaf, "H" leaf Lombok, bataro, straight lines, winding, parallel line, bamboo plait, and fish scale. Key words: Koto Gadang, silver handicraft, shape, motive, and technical handicraft study

Ritual mutilation between tradition and law: juridical aspects

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Germana Carobene

2016-08-01

Full Text Available The mgf expression refers to ritual practices, such as lesions of the body, found mainly in Africa, related to the interpretations of cultural/religious principles which have based their own legal and social legitimacy. It has became an official word, in international documents, just starting from 1990, with a negative meaning strongly supported by Western culture. At first those has been considered as dangerous methods according to a medical-sanitary opinion, then as a serious violation of women’s and girls’ rights. In Italy the specific offense has been granted by a law in 2006 and there is just one case law processed by the Court of Verona in 2010. This matter focuses on the most significant issues of the current policies in a multicultural society with reference to the value that the legal system must give to cultural conditioning on people for criminal conducts due to membership. It must underline that these cases involve the most serious crime of permanent and irreversible injury against children, made by their legal guardians, in the name of alleged cultural-religious principles, which should have no place in a secular state.

A sacred dance transmitted in the ritual for paying homage to one's teacher in Thailand

OpenAIRE

岩澤, 孝子

2001-01-01

This article attemps to describe a dance which is considered as a sacred knowledge among classical dancers in Thailand. This is the reflection of their unique idea, wai khru, which means showing respect to the teacher and the ritual based on this idea. In Thailand wai khru is generally practised wherever they have a person to be recognized as a teacher in their own comunities. In these days, however, under the influence of the modernization, the idea that the teacher has a special power and k...

Cities in the global South and the Sustainable Development Goals

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Sustainable development recently topped the global agenda again when, on 25 September 2015, the UN adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), including SDG 11 on cities: 'Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.' Though heralded with pomp and pageantry, in reality the relevance of cities to ...

Altered states of consciousness and short-term psychological after-effects induced by the first time ritual use of ayahuasca in an urban context in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Barbosa, Paulo Cesar Ribeiro; Giglio, Joel Sales; Dalgalarrondo, Paulo

2005-06-01

This report describes psychological assessments of the first time ritual use of ayahuasca in the religious groups União do Vegetal and Santo Daime. Nineteen subjects who tried the beverage in Santo Daime rituals and nine subjects who tried it in União do Vegetal rituals were evaluated one to four days before their first ayahuasca experience in life and one to two weeks after this experience. Semistructured interviews and a structured psychiatric scale were used in the first evaluation to elicit set variables concerning attitudes towards the ayahuasca experience and to elicit mental health status. Mental health status was reassessed in the second evaluation, which also included a semistructured interview concerning the phenomenology of altered states of consciousness (ASCs). Predominantly positive expectancies concerning the ayahuasca experience were the most prominent findings concerning set variables. Visual phenomena, numinousness, peacefulness, insights and a distressing reaction were the most salient ASC experiences. A significant reduction of the intensity of minor psychiatric symptoms occurred in the Santo Daime group after the hallucinogen experience. Subjects in both groups reported behavioral changes towards assertiveness, serenity and vivacity/joy. The set and setting hypothesis, suggestibility processes, as well as the supposed unique effects of ayahuasca are used in discussing these findings.

Past-life identities, UFO abductions, and satanic ritual abuse: the social construction of memories.

Science.gov (United States)

Spanos, N P; Burgess, C A; Burgess, M F

1994-10-01

People sometimes fantasize entire complex scenarios and later define these experiences as memories of actual events rather than as imaginings. This article examines research associated with three such phenomena: past-life experiences, UFO alien contact and abduction, and memory reports of childhood ritual satanic abuse. In each case, elicitation of the fantasy events is frequently associated with hypnotic procedures and structured interviews which provide strong and repeated demands for the requisite experiences, and which then legitimate the experiences as "real memories." Research associated with these phenomena supports the hypothesis that recall is reconstructive and organized in terms of current expectations and beliefs.

Acoustics of native-American ceremonial sites in prehispanic America (Acustica en los espacios escenios rituales prehispanicos)

Science.gov (United States)

Martinez, Maria Isabel

2003-11-01

This thesis establishes a methodology that incorporates the latest procedures used in architectural acoustics for the study of open spaces of this general type, and definitions are given for the acoustic variables of interest. The ``Juego de Pelota'' (ball game) sites are the only ceremonial sites built specifically for the performance of a fertility ritual, and are ideal for the study of prehispanic architectural topographies. Analysis of the acoustic properties of such sites revealed that the topographical characteristics of the elevation profiles of these architectural structures determine the acoustic behavior of these spaces. Such profiles are classified into three basic types: (i) inclined profile, (ii) terraced profile, and (iii) mixed profile. The terraced profiles are the most efficient, and the mixed profiles are the least efficient, in regard to acoustics. The consideration of the acoustic behavior of architectural structures intended for the ``Ball Game,'' as the designs evolved over time, leads to the conclusion that acoustical sensations that contributed effectively to the characteristic mystical atmosphere of the ceremonial rituals were characteristic only of those sites constructed in the ``classical'' period. Thesis advisors: Jaime Navarro and Juan J. Sendra Copies of this thesis written in Spanish may be obtained by contacting the advisor, Jaime Navarro, E.T.S. de Arquitectura de Sevilla, Dpto. de Construcciones Arquitectonicas I, Av. Reina Mercedes, 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain. E-mail address: jnavarro@us.es

La metamorfosis ritual: la identidad religiosa en la Amazonia

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Jean-Pierre Goulard

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las sociedades indígenas han conocido muchos cambios a lo largo de su historia, especialmente desde el siglo xix . Sus relaciones con el exterior, sobre todo con el mundo de los “blancos”, los han llevado a adoptar estrategias propias con las cuales han logrado sobrevivir. En este documento se analizan algunos aspectos religiosos inducidos por los movimientos proféticos que prevalecen entre los tikuna grupo étnico amazónico, y que han determinado las opciones escogidas por este pueblo. A través de tal eje, el autor muestra cómo, a pesar de lo vivido por el grupo étnico, ha sido posible mantener un sistema de creencias que sigue en diálogo con la vida de su sociedad. Entonces, se propone la hipótesis de que se puede entender que este sistema perdura y se fundamenta en invariantes socioculturales que se entienden a través del filtro de la metamorfosis ritual, que les permite a los tikuna conservar y reivindicar su identidad étnica.

Muertos heroicos y muertos anónimos: rituales de duelo y viudez en la violencia

OpenAIRE

PATRICIA TOVAR

2004-01-01

Este artículo describe los rituales de muerte cuando esta llega a destiempo y con brutalidad, y examina bajo qué circunstancias se tiende a idealizar a los que han fallecido. Se describe el duelo y el luto desde la perspectiva de las mujeres que han perdido a sus compañeros en hechos de violencia, en el contexto del conflicto armado. Por otra parte, se muestra la desigualdad de realidades que existen entre las viudas según la ocupación de sus maridos y el tratami...

Personalidad, psicopatología y rendimiento neuropsicológico de los consumidores rituales de ayahuasca

OpenAIRE

Bouso Saiz, José Carlos

2012-01-01

Descripció del recurs: 16 de gener de 2014 La ayahuasca es una decocción psicoactiva de origen amazónico elaborada con plantas que contienen el agonista de los receptores serotoninérgicos 5-HT2A N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT) y alcaloides inhibidores de la monoaminoxidasa (harmina, harmalina y tetrahidroharmina) que permiten que aquel sea activo por vía oral. La ingesta de ayahuasca es el elemento central de varias iglesias sincréticas brasileñas que han expandido sus prácticas rituales a zon...

History of my Father Mogorotoɨ ‘Blue Macaw’: Words of the Ritual of the Fruits, which Come to Us as Food in Abundance, as Told by the Okaina Ethnic Group

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Anastasia Candre

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Bilingual Witoto-Spanish text about the origin and stages of the yuakɨ ritual dance (ritual of the fruits, which is celebrated by the Witoto and other neighboring groups of the Caqueta-Putumayo interriverine region in the Colombo-Peruvian Amazon. This text was written by an indigenous woman in the buue dialect of the Witoto language from the memories of the speeches of her father in the “yard of tobacco and coca” when she was a child.

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder as a Predictor of Exposure and Ritual Prevention Outcome for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

OpenAIRE

Pinto, Anthony; Liebowitz, Michael R.; Foa, Edna B.; Simpson, H. Blair

2011-01-01

Despite elevated rates of obsessive compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), no study has specifically examined comorbid OCPD as a predictor of exposure and ritual prevention (EX/RP) outcome. Participants were adult outpatients (n = 49) with primary OCD and a Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) total score ≥ 16 despite a therapeutic serotonin reuptake inhibitor dose for at least 12 weeks prior to entry. Participants received 17 ses...

Cornici di tortura Lo scandalo di Abu Ghraib come rituale mediatizzato tra fotogiornalismo e arte contemporanea

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Marco Solaroli

2010-11-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the scandal of Abu Ghraib. The diffusion of the torture photographs is analyzed as a peculiar form of mediatized ritual, which has cristallized them in the public memory and performatively activated a number of practices of creative re-contextualization and symbolic re-articulation. In particular, the paper problematizes a wide range of forms of artistic representations of the torture photographs, according to three main analytical dimensions: inter-iconic translation, authorial intentions, degree of institutionalization.

National Theatre of China's Romeo and Juliet and Its Rituals

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Benny Lim

2014-04-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the “Chinese-ness” of this brand new production of Romeo and Juliet by the National Theatre of China, from a ritual perspective. Three main areas were discussed. Firstly, this play has got several religious connotations. The absence of religion in this play’s setting is relevant to China’s current high percentage of atheists. Despite that, several religions, such as Buddhism, Daoism and Christianity, are mentioned in this play. Secondly, the play has also incorporated several Chinese culture and traditions. The use of bicycles as one of the main props can be linked to the cultural significance of bicycles in China. The play also incorporated other cultural and traditional elements such as wedding customaries in China, Xinjiang dance, as well as the Chinese tongue twisters. Finally, the play has incorporated multiple Brechtian moments. Perhaps the Brechtian moments can lead audience to think about the current religious and cultural developments in modern China.

TIEMPO Y RITUAL. UNA APROXIMACIÓN AL ANÁLISIS DE LAS REPRESENTACIONES DEL ORDEN EN LA SOCIEDAD COLONIAL(GOBERNACIÓN DEL TUCUMÁN, SIGLOS XVII Y XVIII / Time and ritual. An approach to the analysis of the order representation in colonial Tucumán´s society.

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Silvina Smietniansky

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo de carácter exploratorio constituye una primera aproximación al análisis de las experiencias y los sentidos del tiempo implicados en las representaciones del orden social, según lo han vivido y significado los vecinos y los funcionarios de gobierno en Indias durante el período colonial. Nos proponemos desarrollar un estudio comparativo de las  instituciones del cabildo y los juicios de residencia, basado en el examen de un conjunto de documentos  de gobierno y justicia relativos a la gobernación del Tucumán durante los siglos XVII y XVIII y organizado a partir de dos interrogantes centrales. Por un lado, interesa abordar cómo se configuraban  y articulaban dos experiencias del tiempo diversas -un tiempo local y cotidiano y, otro tiempo que denominamos regio y ritual-; y por otro lado, exploramos de qué manera el carácter tradicional y formalizado de las prácticas que los cabildantes y los participantes del juicio de residencia desarrollaban en los contextos institucionales, contribuía a construir una representación del orden social figurado de gran estabilidad y anclado en un tiempo de larga duración.Palabras clave: tiempo; ritual; cabildos; juicio de residencia; Tucumán colonialAbstractThis exploratory work constitutes an approach to the analysis of time experiences y meanings that were implies in social order representation according to the lives and perspectives of  the vecinos and government functionaries in Indias during the colonial period. We intend to develop a comparative study of the cabildo and juicio de residencia institutions, based on the exam of a set of government and justice documents relative to the Tucumán province during XVII and XVIII centuries, and organized upon to tow central questions. On one side, we are interested on how two different time experience –a local and ordinary time, and another time that we called regal and ritual- were configured and articulated; and on the other side, we

RITUAL USE OF CURRENCY IN LAIMBWE HISTORY, CAMEROON

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Henry Kam Kah

2018-02-01

Full Text Available The advent of Europeans in Cameroon in the 15th century and the introduction of a western currency as a standard of exchange and a measurement of value to replace other indigenous currencies had an impact on initiation into regulatory and entertainment societies in Cameroonian communities including the Laimbwe of the North West Region. Male and female institutions eventually began using these currencies during initiation rites. These included nwerong, ngiri, ngumba, takembeng, ndofoumgbui, kwifoyn (also kwifo’o, kwifeu, kuiifuai kefa’a, tschong, libah and ikuum in the grasslands and Liengu, male, ahon, muankum, nganya, monekim, ekpe and obasinjom in the forest region of Cameroon. Prior to the introduction of standard money, some local currencies like cowrie shells were used together with the provision of material things like goats, pigs, fowls and bush meat. Money is effectively a measure of value, status and a store of wealth within the Laimbwe traditional milieu. This paper examines how and why the introduction of money in initiation and other ritual activities led to the emergence of new social classes and the re-enforcement of the socio-political order of the Laimbwe people. The study essentially relies on discussions with members of societies, observation and written material.

The role of obstetrical rituals in the resolution of cultural anomaly.

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Davis-Floyd, R E

1990-01-01

To a technological society like that of the United States, the natural process of childbirth presents special conceptual dilemmas, as it calls into perpetual question any boundaries American culture tries to delineate between itself and nature. The author builds on previous works in which she has argued that the American core value system centers around science and technology, the institutions through which these are disseminated into society, and the patriarchal system through which these institutions are managed. A constant reminder that babies come from women and nature, not from technology and culture, childbirth confronts American society with practical, procedural dilemmas: How to create a sense of cultural control over birth, a natural process resistant to such control? How to make birth, a powerfully female phenomenon, reinforce, instead of undermine, the patriarchal system upon which American society is still based? How to turn the natural and individual birth process into a cultural rite of passage which successfully inculcates the dominant core value system into the initiates? In the absence of universal baptism, how to enculturate a non-cultural baby? Some of the dilemmas discussed in this article are universal problems presented by the birth process to all human societies; others are specific to American culture. Each contains within it a fundamental paradox, an opposition which must be culturally reconciled lest the anomaly of its existence undermine the fragile technology-based conceptual system in terms of which American society organizes itself. After a brief discussion of the history of this technological paradigm, the author analyzes eight of the dilemmas presented by childbirth to American society, demonstrating how they have been neatly resolved by obstetrical rituals specifically designed to removed birth's conceptual threat to the technological model by making birth appear, through technological means, to confirm instead of challenge the

Water quality assessment of an unusual ritual well in Bangladesh and impact of mass bathing on this quality.

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Zabed, H; Suely, A; Faruq, G; Sahu, J N

2014-02-15

A sacred ritual well with continuously discharging of methane gas through its water body was studied for physicochemical and microbiological quality in three seasons and during ritual mass bathing. Most of the physicochemical parameters showed significant seasonal variations (Pbiochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (r=-0.58, Pindicators were studied and found that all of them increased unusually during mass bathing comparing with their respective seasonal values. Total coliforms (TC) were found positively correlated with fecal coliforms (FC) (r=0.971), FC with Escherichia coli (EC) (r=0.952), EC with intestinal enterococci (IE) (r=0.921), fecal streptococci (FS) with IE (r=0.953) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) (r=0.946), which were significant at P<0.001. Some regression models showed significant linear relationship at P<0.001 with r(2) value of 0.943 for FC vs. TC, 0.907 for EC vs. FC, 0.869 for FS vs. FC, 0.848 for IE vs. EC and 0.909 for IE vs. FS. The overall results found in this study revealed that well water is suitable for bathing purpose but the religious activity considerably worsen its quality. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Bearing Witness to the Inhuman at M? Lai: Museum, Ritual, Pilgrimage

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Roy Tamashiro

2018-05-01

Full Text Available This article explores how the Son M? Memorial and Museum and its associated community activities and programs commemorate and memorialize the 1968 M? Lai Massacre and its aftermath. The museum provides space for reflection and bearing witness to the profound suffering in the Massacre. B'earing witness' means reliving or remembering and coming to know an experience, especially a traumatic one like M? Lai. Witness bearers are both those reporting first-hand experiences and memories, and those listening to and learning about the experiences. When locals and visitors alike participate in the activities and rituals at Son M?, in pilgrimages to M? Lai, or in touring the memorial and museum, an opportunity is available to recognize the “existential legitimacy” of the events, experiences, and memories. Bearing witness can open pathways to individual and societal healing as well as identity redefinition.

On Ritual Narrative and Construction of the Press Conference:A Cultural Anthropology Approach%论新闻发布会的仪式叙事与建构--对新闻发布会的文化人类学解释

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

赵振祥; 王洁

2014-01-01

The ritual view of communication reconstructs the mode of communication,from which the press con-ference can be regarded as the performance of ceremony process. In the virtual context generated by the digital media,the press conference evolves from the actual ceremony to the media ritual. Great emphasis should be put on the ritual construction of the press conference. Hence the symbolic meaning of the ceremony is suggested to be strengthened at the levels of role structure,role behavior,space-time factors and situation and so on so as to create the ritual order and achieve the ritual purpose.%传播仪式观重构了传播的模式，以“仪式观”观之，新闻发布会是仪式进程的展演。在数字媒介生成的虚拟情境下，新闻发布会从现实仪式演变为媒介仪式。应重视新闻发布会的仪式建构，从角色构成、角色行为、时空要素、情境等层面强化仪式的象征意义，以建立仪式秩序、实现仪式目的。

El kyphi, un perfume ritual, mágico y medicinal en el universo egipcio grecorromano

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Perea Yébenes, Sabino

2011-01-01

Muchas fuentes antiguas, literarias y epigráficas, hablan de un singular producto típicamente egipcio: el kyphi. Se trata de un compuesto «químico» muy complejo, hecho con productos naturales, que toma la forma de incienso. De hecho, se traduce normalmente como «incienso», aunque éste sea sólo una parte de su composición. Su uso es muy variado: se emplea en los rituales de los templos egipcios, y en ceremonias mágicas, y también, por sus propiedades, tiene aplicaciones en medicina, desde époc...

Rituais Fúnebres em memórias de velhos (Funeral rituals in old people memories - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n24p1112

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Marisete Teresinha Hoffmann-Horochovski

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Este artigo discute as mudanças e permanências que caracterizam o universo simbólico da morte, especialmente no tocante aos rituais fúnebres. O intuito principal é perceber como esses rituais foram se modificando significativamente na sociedade brasileira das últimas décadas do século XX, principalmente nos centros urbanos. Para tanto, investigamos memórias de idosos com sessenta e cinco anos ou mais, socializados no catolicismo e residentes em Curitiba/PR, colhidas por meio da história oral. Sobreviventes, os velhos pesquisados testemunharam muitas mortes e participaram de inúmeros rituais ao longo de sua existência e, por isso mesmo, podem lembra-los e transmiti-los com propriedade. Por meio de suas vozes, abre-se a possibilidade de entender uma época na qual a morte representava verdadeiro acontecimento social que promovia interação e reforçava os laços de solidariedade. Época que contrasta com a atual, caracterizada pela crescente dessocialização da morte e pela aceleração e simplificação das práticas rituais. Palavras-chave: Morte. Rituais fúnebres. Memórias de velhos. Abstract This article aims to discuss the changes and continuities that characterize the symbolic universe of death, particularly with regard to funeral rites. This research also aims to comprehend how these rituals have been modified significantly in Brazilian society over the last decades of the twentieth century, especially in urban centers. In this sense, this paper investigates the memories of people older than 65 years of age, who were socialized in Catholicism and resides in Curitiba – Paraná –Brazil. These memories were collected through oral history. The surveyed people witnessed many deaths and participated in various rituals throughout its existence and, for this reason they can recall these rituals and transmit them properly. Through these elderly people

O canto e a música no contexto ritual da liturgia na igreja católica: desafios para a formação de agentes na diocese de Vacaria/RS

OpenAIRE

Rene Antonio Zanandrea

2009-01-01

O canto e a música no contexto ritual da liturgia na Igreja Católica: desafios para a formação de agentes na Diocese de Vacaria/RS. Os sons da natureza, selecionados e combinados, originaram a arte musical. A música faz parte da cultura humana; é constitutiva de sua própria existência. Na abordagem desse assunto, o capítulo primeiro deste trabalho busca uma aproximação histórica da música; investiga a antropologia da música e sua relação ritual com o sagrado, fazendo parte, inc...

Athletes confessions: the sports biography as an interaction ritual.

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Thing, L F; Ronglan, L T

2015-04-01

Commercialization of emotions is not a new phenomenon but in Denmark there is a new general trend to tell and sell personal stories in the media. Personal deprivation and crises are also major topics in sports media. This paper focuses on sports biographies as a book genre that is reviving in popularity. The paper approaches the topic through the biographies of one Danish athlete: the former professional cyclist, Jesper Skibby, who writes about his doping disclosure and shares his personal dilemmas as a former elite sportsman. The thematic text analysis orientates around social interactions, emotions, and personality constructions. Inspired by microsociology with a Durkheimian flavor of Goffman and Hochschild, themes including "face work," "interaction rituals," and "emotions management" are discussed. The analysis claims that sharing personal information in the media is not only a means of confession and reclaiming status but is also business and management - on an intimate level. Telling the story of the corrosion of a sporting character has become a hot issue, an entertainment, and not least a commercial commitment. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Capacitar para Distribuir Conhecimento ou para Vender Livros? O Ritual de Treinamento dos Vendedores da Feira do Livro de Porto Alegre

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Deise Luiza da Silva Ferraz,

2010-01-01

Full Text Available While studying the booksellers’ training ritual that takes place in the larger ritualized context of the Porto Alegre Book Fair, this article attempted to analyze the work conditions of book sellers during the Fair, as well as to identify the reasons behind their commitment or non-commitment with the event’s success. The hierarchical structure found in the local daily context is also present during the Fair; however, training focuses on the praise of knowledge, culture and working people. Therefore, employees are encouraged to overlook any possibilities of criticizing work conditions in favor of the satisfaction to participate in such event. The ethnographic method, with participative observation techniques and interviews, was considered the most effective to analyze this space. Results indicate that when a ritualistic connotation is given to training, marketing aspects are neglected and emphasis is placed on the pleasure of festive events and the sociability propitiated. Thus, in spite of poor work conditions, booksellers give up even their basic needs so as to “delight” clients and, as a consequence, to sell better

Human Trafficking and Child Abuse: Their Effect on Our Nation's ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A child is considered important and cherished in every part of the world; Arrival of a child is celebrated with Pomp and pageantry in families especially among the new married couples. A childless marriage was a source of grievous disappointment and frustration between the husband and his wife and major cause of family ...

Let the Games Begin--Again: HBCU Coaches and Administrators Give Their Play-by-Play Accounts of the Benefits of Reviving College Football Programs

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Keels, Crystal L.

2004-01-01

It's the pageantry, the precision, the rhythm and the music. It's wave after wave of energetic flute, trumpet, tuba and drum players wearing colorful uniforms and executing intricate steps. It's the dramatic dance moves and megawatt smiles of majorettes in short pleated skirts. It's the drum major whose kinetic energy electrifies them all. And…

Desire for experiential travel, avoidance of rituality and social esteem: An empirical study of consumer response to tourism innovation

OpenAIRE

Chan, Wing Yin; To, Chester Kin-man; Chu, Wai Ching

2016-01-01

This study investigates tourist consumption responses toward tourism innovation. To measure tourist responses, this study posits three key consumption drivers, namely social esteem, desire for experiential travel, and avoidance against rituality of tourism settings (a subscale of need for uniqueness) and models consumers’ affective response within the context of tourism innovation. It involves 295 respondents in an empirical survey. The findings affirm the three drivers toward tourist consump...

RITUALS FOR HARMONY: EXPLORING THE BERSIH DUSUN LOCAL GENIUS BEHIND RUBBER TAPPING

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Hasse J.

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Differences have long been a natural marker of the dynamics of the relationship of society. Differences often become obstacles in creating social stability. Diversity can be a strength if managed properly, but may become a source of conflict in case of faulty management. This short article addresses the issue of how to manage diversity so as to produce harmony in society that has different beliefs. There are three basic things defined in this paper. First, a society is capable of being integrated through commonly shared events. Second, providing room for all of the elements of society gives rise to collective solidarity which allows differences -even conflicts-- to be turned into unity. Third, the typicality of ritual that continues to be practiced in society can be optimized to serve as the medium that manages the differences and turned them to peace.

An indigenous religious ritual selects for resistance to a toxicant in a livebearing fish.

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Tobler, M; Culumber, Z W; Plath, M; Winemiller, K O; Rosenthal, G G

2011-04-23

Human-induced environmental change can affect the evolutionary trajectory of populations. In Mexico, indigenous Zoque people annually introduce barbasco, a fish toxicant, into the Cueva del Azufre to harvest fish during a religious ceremony. Here, we investigated tolerance to barbasco in fish from sites exposed and unexposed to the ritual. We found that barbasco tolerance increases with body size and differs between the sexes. Furthermore, fish from sites exposed to the ceremony had a significantly higher tolerance. Consequently, the annual ceremony may not only affect population structure and gene flow among habitat types, but the increased tolerance in exposed fish may indicate adaptation to human cultural practices in a natural population on a very small spatial scale.

Prácticas de sacrificio en el Cerro de la Mesa (Alcolea de Tajo, Toledo: el depósito ritual de la Casa 1

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Ana CABRERA DÍEZ

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Los depósitos con restos óseos animales enterrados bajo el pavimento en ámbitos domésticos forman parte de prácticas rituales bien conocidas en la Protohistoria peninsular, tradicionalmente asociadas a la fundación o remodelación de nuevos edificios o a ritos vinculados a la propiciación y la fertilidad. Aunque los ejemplos mejor estudiados se encuentran en la zona levantina, el fenómeno también se conoce en yacimientos del interior. Este artículo tiene por objeto presentar un depósito ritual excavado en el poblado vetón del Cerro de la Mesa, en el valle medio del Tajo, cuyas características formales lo emparentan con las ofrendas domésticas de la zona ibérica. Se trata de un hoyo situado en el umbral de la Casa 1, que contiene los restos seleccionados de varios ovinos y un pequeño cuenco cerámico colocado en posición invertida. El análisis de los restos óseos, el contenido del cuenco y el estudio del contexto arqueológico en que se situaba el depósito han permitido relacionarlo con prácticas de sacrificio y libación dentro del marco de la religiosidad vetona. Este trabajo pretende igualmente contribuir a la formación de un corpus peninsular de inhumaciones rituales de animales en contextos domésticos, que impulse el adecuado estudio de la ritualidad protohistórica.

Ritual plants of Muslim graveyards in northern Israel

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Dafni, Amots; Lev, Efraim; Beckmann, Sabine; Eichberger, Christian

2006-01-01

This article surveys the botanical composition of 40 Muslim graveyards in northern Israel, accompanied by an ethnobotanical study of the folkloristic traditions of the use of these plants in cemeteries. Three groups of plants were found to be repeated systematically and were also recognized for their ritual importance: aromatics herbs (especially Salvia fruticosa and Rosmarinus officinalis), white flowered plants (mainly Narcissus tazetta, Urginea maritima, Iris spp. and Pancratium spp.) and Cupressus sempervirens as the leading cemetery tree. As endemic use we can indicate the essential role of S. fruticosa as the main plant used in all human rites of passage symbolizing the human life cycle. The rosemary is of European origin while the use of basil is of Indian influence. The use of white flowers as cemeteries plants reflects an old European influence and almost the same species are used or their congeners. Most of the trees and shrubs that are planted in Muslim cemeteries in Israel have the same use in ancient as well in modern European cultures. In conclusion, our findings on the occurrence of plants in graveyards reflect the geographic situation of Israel as a crossroads in the cultural arena between Asia and Europe. Most of the traditions are common to the whole Middle East showing high relatedness to the classical world as well as to the present-day Europe. PMID:16961931

Tsunami and ghost stories in Thailand: exploring the psychology of ghosts and religious rituals within the context of Thai Buddhism.

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Sorajjakool, Siroj

2007-01-01

The post-tsunami ghost phenomena in Thailand may be understood, in Jungian terms, as an expression of the autonomous complex of the collective psyche resulting from traumatic loss. Religious rituals, as in the context of Thai Buddhism, provide an alternative method of dealing with grief, and hence they affirm the place of religious practices in the overall psychological well-being of people from various cultural backgrounds.

Dances of Hostility and Friendship: Embodied Histories of Group Relations in the Agusanen Manobo Spirit-Possession (Yana-an Ritual

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Jose S. Buenconsejo

2000-12-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the complex, aesthetic embodiment of a particular history of group relations. It investigates how the form or materiality of ritual séance-constituted by dance, music, speech, and acts-reflects changes in the political economy. The paper deals with Agusanen Manobo séance (yana-an as a channel for embodying the Agusan Manobo's rich cultural imagination of "others." Agusan Manobos are indigenous people,most of whom are now Christians and who live in middle Agusan Valley. Their "imaginary others" are distant outsiders with whom the Manobos owe some kind of affinity because of a more or less shared historical experience based upon concrete social exchange practices.The paper examines two kinds of social relations: (1 Manobos vis-à-vis other indigenous peoples, and (2 Manobos vis-à-vis the Visayan speaking settlers. It demonstrates that the nature of the first social relation is symmetrical or egalitarian. This contrasts with the second, which is asymmetrical. The paper shows that Agusan Manobo yana-an makes reflexive, visceral statements about these social relations, enabling ritual participants to define their social identity and reconstrue the newer asymmetrical Manobo-Visayan relations back to its original equalizing one.

Football: Action on the Gridiron

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McIntosh, Phyllis

2010-01-01

On any fall weekend across the United States, football reigns as the nation's favorite sport. Thousands of high school teams, the pride of communities from coast to coast, compete under the lights on Friday nights. Saturdays feature the tradition and pageantry of college football. Sundays belong to the 32 professional teams that play in the major…

Tiempo y ritual en la organización del cuidado médico

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Laura Ferrero

2003-12-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo presento algunas reflexiones acerca de aspectos que resultan centrales para el abordaje antropológico de la atención médica en un Centro de Salud Comunitaria del primer nivel de atención que integra una de las áreas programáticas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Indago el lugar central que asume el tiempo en la organización social del cuidado médico -organización de la agenda médica y del tiempo de espera de los pacientes en la institución-. Considero que existe una distinción en el plano de la temporalidad entre el exterior y el interior de las instituciones de salud. El pasaje entre estos planos de la temporalidad se opera a través de formas de comportamiento ritualizadas. El procedimiento de asignación de turnos que es la actividad dominante en la institución, es analizado aquí como una forma ritualizada cuya función es organizar la interacción social de acuerdo con las normas de la institución.In this paper, I focuse on several issues that are central to the anthropologycal analysis of the health care developed in an institution of the City of Buenos Aires' primary care level, especifically a Community-based Health Care Center. I examine the central place held by time in the social organization of health care, as it is revealed by the observation of the organization of the institution's work schedule or time table, and the patients' waiting time. I consider that there is a difference in the temporality level between the medical care institutions and the world outside, and that the passage from one time to the other is produced by several forms of ritualized behaviour. On the inside, the registration and assignment of turns appears as the institution's main activity, one that is analyzed here as another ritualized form that organizes social interaction according to the Health Care Center's norms.

'Bliksem!'/Damn it! A ritual-liturgical appreciation of a deadly sin for an angry nation

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Casparus J. Wepener

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This article addresses the current levels of anger within South African society from a practical theological perspective. Following a description of the current context with regard to the on-going processes of reconciliation and transformation two theories are revisited and critiqued. Normative insights are thereafter gained by making use of several stories from the book of Judges, and in conclusion an outline for a liturgical and homiletical theory for praxis is presented. The aim of this contribution as a whole is to reflect � in a praxis-theory cycle � on the theme of anger in order to formulate practical theological ritual-liturgical route markers for South Africa.

HANDICRAFTS MOTIFS’ REFLECTION IN FOLKSAY IN KONYA REGION KONYA YÖRESİ EL SANATLARINDA ANLAM YÜKLÜ MOTİFLERİN HALK DİLİNE YANSIMASI

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Emine NAS

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Turkish folk culture which incorporates material and spiritual concepts like history, belief, language, philosophy, art which continually has a continually developing dynamic structure. Language which enables social and cultural communication within this structure is a living treasure which feeds on customs and traditions of the people’s lifestyle and reaches to literary relish, thinking and eloquence and which symbolically lives in varieties local handicrafts. When Turkish handicraft history is reviewed, Konya region stands out with its rich accumulation and cultural structure. Knitting and embroidery which can be regarded among Konya folk plastic arts includes a rich vocabulary about the motifs which people coined with regard to three main periods shaping human life; birth, marriage and death. This vocabulary treasure preserving its functions as consolidator of harmony, unity and solidarity in the society is a product of folklore and functions as transmitters of culture which maintain tradition in communication only among women. This study aims to document some of samples in this rich vocabulary which were coined in relation to motifs and thus contribute to database on Turkish cultural history. Türk halk kültürü; tarih, inanç, dil, felsefe, sanat gibi maddimanevi kavramlar bütününü bünyesinde barındıran ve sürekli gelişim gösteren dinamik bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu sistem içinde sosyal ve kültürel iletişimi sağlayan dil; halkın yaşam biçiminde gelenek ve göreneklerden beslenerek, edebî zevk, düşünce ve anlatım gücüne ulaşan varlığı ile yöresel el sanatı çeşitlerinde de sembolik olarak yaşayan bir hazinedir. Türk el sanatları geçmişine bakıldığında Konya yöresi, tarihi birikimi ve kültürel yapısı ile önem taşımaktadır. Konya halk plastik sanatları içinde değerlendirilebilecek; örücülük ve işlemecilik alanlarında; doğum, evlenme ve ölüm gibi insan yaşamını şekillendiren �

Entre el textil y el ámbar: Las funciones psicosociales del trabajo artesanal en artesanos tsotsiles de La Ilusión, Chiapas, México

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Perla Shiomara Del Carpio Ovando

2012-01-01

The aim of this research is to study the psychosocial functions of the artisan work made by indigenous artisans from a Tsotsil community in Chiapas, Mexico. The analysis of handicrafts encourages reflection on economic aspects in intimate relation with cultural and psychosocial elements. It is argued that those who work on the production of handicrafts face many difficulties such as precariousness, little social recognition, discrimination and exclusion. Despite this all, handicrafts...

Exú's Work – The Agency of Ritual Objects in Southeast Brazilian Umbanda

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Eleonora A. Lundell

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This article concentrates on the material side of religious intimacy in Afro-Brazilian Umbanda through an ‘ontographic’ perspective as well as looking at materiality as evidence. It is based on an eleven-month fieldwork among devotees, clients and individual practitioners of Umbanda in Southeast Brazilian metropolises, especially in São Paulo. In people’s experiences of spiritual work (trabalho and spiritual development (desenvolvimento carried out with Exús – guardians, guides and protectors who have, after their death, returned in order to work for people’s wellbeing – ritual objects (such as bodies, clothes, beverages, herbs, cigarettes, candles, songs are seen as constitutive in knowledge production and life transformation. The central claim in this article is that diverse material and immaterial objects through which Exús interact and materialise, are not primarily symbolic nor representative, but are re-configurative.

Numerology and Ritual in William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying

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Afroditi-Maria Panaghis

2017-07-01

Full Text Available In As I Lay Dying William Faulkner employs numerology to concretize the ritual of death as well as draw the reader’s attention to its function and significance. Although multiple studies have offered detailed analyses of the text, none until today has tackled the subject of numbers in association with the theme of death. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the writer used numerology in order to present the nihilism of the human condition, to outline the manner by which the experience of nothingness can transform a pessimistic view into an optimistic one, and to show that the process of redemption and transcendence can spring from “the Reductio ad absurdum of all human endeavor” (Volpe 131. The article will also stress that death constitutes a major transitional state through which, Addie, the protagonist, must travel from this world to the next; and elucidate the characters, the plot, and the structure of the novella via the signified nuances attached to the chosen numbers.

Folding paper swans, modeling lives: the ritual of Filipina eldercare in Israel.

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Mazuz, Keren

2013-06-01

This article examines the practices of folding paper swans by Filipina migrants employed as live-in caregivers for elderly, dying patients in Israel. These practices create a microsystem model of adjustment through precise, small-scale, and repetitive movements. This microsystem synchronizes a tripartite process: the swan's process of construction, the patient's process of decay, and the caregiver's process of self-creation. In the short term, the microsystem is sustained, but in the long term, the microsystem contains within it the seeds of its own self-destruction, as the patient eventually dies, the caregiver is reassigned to another patient or deported, and the swans are gifted. Therefore, the swan folding expands both medical anthropology understanding of caregiving as a ritual and the phenomenology of global caregivers who use immediately accessible materials-paper and glue-as an imaginative tool for ordering their daily experiences as dislocated and marginalized workers. © 2013 by the American Anthropological Association.

Red-and-Black Streets. Anarcho-Syndicalism, Rituals of Mobilization and Symbols in Public Spaces (1931-1936 | La calle rojinegra. Anarcosindicalismo, rituales de movilización y símbolos en el espacio público (1931-1936

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Javier Navarro Navarro

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on the analysis of the typology, characteristics and evolution of some of the rituals of mobilization and symbols that Spanish anarchist and anarchosyndicalist organisations displayed in public spaces during the years of the Second Republic, before the July 1936 military uprising: strikes, revolutionary insurrections, rallies, demonstrations, tours, partisans’ funerals, etc. The aim of all these actions was clear: both internal cohesion and identity reaffirmation, and external projection of the movement. With these collective action strategies, anarcho-syndicalists tried to be present in public spaces, to make the movement strength visible and to reinforce their demands and aspirations. This visibility was enhanced by displaying its own symbols: hymns, songs, flags, etc. | Este artículo se centra en el análisis de la tipología, características y evolución de algunos de los diversos rituales de movilización y símbolos desplegados en el espacio público por las distintas organizaciones y núcleos de militantes de signo confederal y anarquista en España durante los años de la Segunda República, antes del estallido de la sublevación militar de julio de 1936. Entre ellos: huelgas, insurrecciones revolucionarias, mítines, manifestaciones, excursiones, entierros de militantes, etc. El propósito de estas acciones era claro: tanto la cohesión y reafirmación identitaria internas, como la proyección externa del movimiento. Con estas estrategias de acción colectiva, que suponían una “salida” al espacio público, se trataba de hacer visible allí la fuerza del movimiento y reafirmar la presencia física de este, sus reivindicaciones y aspiraciones. Esta visibilidad se reforzaba mediante el despliegue de los símbolos propios: himnos, canciones, banderas, etc.

A Voyage of Christian Medieval Astronomy: Symbolic, Ritual and Political Orientation of Churches

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González-García, A. César

2015-05-01

According to the words of the early Christian writers, churches should be oriented, i.e., the priest should be facing east (oriens) while praying. However, this prescription offers a wide diversity of interpretations. This review aims at summarizing the work done so far regarding Church orientation with special emphasis on the work carried out in the last decades. A general eastern orientation appears common to all areas and epochs although it is far from clear what 'oriens' was intended. Some possibilities are explored. In contrast to the common picture of eastern orientations possible regional variations appear. It is discussed if these variations are due to local interpretations of the general rule or if they stem from the different methodological approaches carried out by the researchers. In those cases where a regional variation could be identified possible symbolic, ritual or political aspects are explored and contrasted.

Performative Research in Art Education: Scenes from the Seminar "Exploring Performative Rituals in City Space"

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Ulrike Stutz

2008-05-01

Full Text Available In my contribution, I lay the foundations for a performative approach to art education research and then apply it to three examples from a performance seminar conducted with university students. In the process, I subject video documentaries produced during performative exploration of everyday rituals in public space, to a fresh performative analysis using media techniques. My research interest targets the reactions of passers-by as an expanded audience, i.e., it targets the qualitative changes of social space brought about by these actions of site specific art. The contribution is presented as a multimedia document with videos and animations. The parallel presentation of different media formats produces differentiating and activating readings. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0802514

The rules of drug taking: wine and poppy derivatives in the ancient world. VII. A ritual use of poppy derivatives?

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Nencini, P

1997-08-01

Besides fertility, poppies have been used to symbolize sleep, night, and death. Consistent with the agrarian origin of their ritual use, poppies also became a symbol of reincarnation. Several literary and iconographic sources, in particular of the early Roman imperial age, are here interpreted as evidence that poppy derivatives were ingested during mystery rites. The reversible narcotic effects of poppy derivatives should have allowed a "realistic" representation of death and reincarnation, as intended by the Orphic belief of the transmigration of souls.

O sentido do uso ritual da ayahuasca em trabalho voltado ao tratamento e recuperação da população em situação de rua em São Paulo

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Bruno Ramos Gomes

2011-01-01

Esta pesquisa visa a compreender o uso ritual da ayahuasca (chamado de Daime pelos participantes) na recuperação de pessoas em situação de rua pela Unidade de Resgate Flor das Águas Padrinho Sebastião, grupo situado em São Paulo. A ayahuasca é um chá feito da mistura de algumas plantas amazônicas, mais comumente o jagube e a chacrona, utilizado de forma ritual por populações indígenas e mestiças há muito tempo, e que leva a uma alteração na experiência de si e do mundo em sua ingestão. Vem ga...

The effects of ayahuasca ritual participation on gay and lesbian identity.

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Cavnar, Clancy

2014-01-01

The practice of drinking ayahuasca-a psychoactive brew indigenous to the Amazon-has been investigated in several studies and shown to have positive long-term effects on mental states, and a particularly strong positive effect on perceptions of identity. This article discusses if these previous findings can be found in the experience of gay people, who are often taught by their culture and religion that their lifestyles, values, and sexual orientation are unacceptable. The qualitative study examined the interview responses of 17 self-identified gay and lesbian participants who had drunk ayahuasca in a ceremonial context within the past three years, regarding their self-perceptions and integration of group beliefs. Participants drank either in shamanic or Santo Daime ceremonies or, in the case of one participant, with an Afro-Brazilian group that used ayahuasca. Participants reported affirmation of their sexual orientation, and no participants reported negative effects on perception of identity. Additional positive effects in other areas of their lives, which they attributed to ayahuasca sessions, contributed to the overall positive outcomes that were reported by this group as a result of their ritual participation.

From Quantum Moment to Ritual Moment: Notions of Time and the Development of Theological Models.

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Robinson, David Clifton

1995-01-01

Discussion of models in theology has become a significant issue since the mid nineteen eighties. Whether in matters of soteriology, ecclesiology, missiology, or liturgy, many theologians have begun to examine the model structures of their specialties. Such an examination can serve as the foundation for scholarly contact with other disciplines, both in the humanities and the sciences, where the analysis of models is already well established. To date, there has been no broadly interdisciplinary inspection of such models and their points of commonality with theological disciplines. This dissertation investigates models (specifically, temporal models) in six different fields: cognitive psychology, hermeneutics, quantum and relativity physics, the philosophy of history and narrative, music, and ritual studies. Within these fields, specific attention is given to the role of symbol systems and metaphoric language, as well as to the phenomenology of temporal experience, in the formulation and development of models of time. The intention is to develop a prospectus for a theological model of time that is epistemologically sound, linguistically clear, and experientially grounded. In the area of cognitive psychology, the work of the biogenetic structuralist school, and that of Jean Piaget, are highlighted. The hermeneutic discussion focuses on the metaphoric studies of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, as well as the writings of Hans Georg Gadamer. In the areas of quantum and relativity physics, the primary figures considered are Mary Hesse, Ian Barbour, Stephen Hawking, and P. C. W. Davies. History and narrative are approached through the metaphoric and historical analyses of Paul Ricoeur. The phenomenological and musicological issues of musical time are explored, with emphasis on the work of Susannne Langer, Henri Bergson, Jonathan Kramer, and Olivier Messiaen. Ritual notions of time are investigated in the works of Mircea Eliade, Victor Turner, Clifford Geertz, Pierre

Ontogenetic ritualization of primate gesture as a case study in dyadic brain modeling.

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Gasser, Brad; Cartmill, Erica A; Arbib, Michael A

2014-01-01

This paper introduces dyadic brain modeling - the simultaneous, computational modeling of the brains of two interacting agents - to explore ways in which our understanding of macaque brain circuitry can ground new models of brain mechanisms involved in ape interaction. Specifically, we assess a range of data on gestural communication of great apes as the basis for developing an account of the interactions of two primates engaged in ontogenetic ritualization, a proposed learning mechanism through which a functional action may become a communicative gesture over repeated interactions between two individuals (the 'dyad'). The integration of behavioral, neural, and computational data in dyadic (or, more generally, social) brain modeling has broad application to comparative and evolutionary questions, particularly for the evolutionary origins of cognition and language in the human lineage. We relate this work to the neuroinformatics challenges of integrating and sharing data to support collaboration between primatologists, neuroscientists and modelers that will help speed the emergence of what may be called comparative neuro-primatology.

Entre el textil y el ámbar: Las funciones psicosociales del trabajo artesanal en artesanos tsotsiles de La Ilusión, Chiapas, México

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Perla Shiomara Del Carpio Ovando

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of this research is to study the psychosocial functions of the artisan work made by indigenous artisans from a Tsotsil community in Chiapas, Mexico. The analysis of handicrafts encourages reflection on economic aspects in intimate relation with cultural and psychosocial elements. It is argued that those who work on the production of handicrafts face many difficulties such as precariousness, little social recognition, discrimination and exclusion. Despite this all, handicrafts contribute to the economic, social and cultural reproduction of those who make them. Also, handicrafts are privileged elements as they are vehicles of multiple social, historical and group belonging meanings through which is possible to “track” processes of social transformation. Based on the findings obtained while conducting field work in Chiapas, a model of the psychosocial functions of the indigenous artisan work is proposed in this dissertation.

Ethno linguistic material regarding Christmas rituals among the Serbs in Bela Krajina

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Petrović Tanja

2002-01-01

Full Text Available The paper aims at presenting the current ethno linguistic situation in four Orthodox Serbian villages in the Bela Krajina region of Slovenia. Ethno linguistic material collected in these villages enables the synchronic state of traditional culture to be established. Special attention is payed to the way the interviewees describe Christmas rituals and interpret and evaluate then-present state; apart from description of Christmas interviewees' statements (here named ethno linguistic texts also carry precious information about attitudes of carriers of a certain culture towards its values, and indicate in- and out-group relations, establishing oppositions such as then vs. now, me vs. them, us vs. them. These subjective comments provided by the interviewees help obtain a complete, multilevel picture of a traditional culture, with all interactions that characterize it, both within the ethno linguistic community and in relation to other communities. It is especially important that these interactions be taken into account for isolated ethnic and linguistic groups such as the Orthodox Serbs in Bela Krajina.

The Administration of Tibetan Precious Pills: Efficacy in Historical and Ritual Contexts.

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Czaja, Olaf

2015-01-01

Precious pills represent a special kind of Tibetan drug that once was, and still is, highly sought after by Tibetan, Chinese, and Mongolian patients. Such pills are generally taken as a potent prophylactic remedy, and can be used to cure various diseases. The present study seeks to discuss the dispensation and efficacy of precious pills according to the presentations of historical Tibetan medical scholars. Several treatises dealing with these instructions will be analysed, thereby revealing their underlying concepts, and highlighting their points of both general consensus and disagreement. The analysis of these detailed instructions will reveal the fact that these precious pills were not merely given to a patient but, in order to ensure their full efficacy, involved an elaborate regimen concerning three chronological periods: (1) the time of preparation, (2) the time of dispensation, and (3) the time after dispensation. Thus the present study surveys not only the ritual empowerment of drugs in Tibetan medicine, but also the importance of social relationships between doctors and patients in Tibetan medical history.

Etnomatematika di Balik Kerajinan Anyaman Bali

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Kadek Rahayu Puspadewi

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This paper is study about the existence of ethnomathematics on the Bali woven handicraft. Ethnomathematics is mathematics that grow and develop in a particular culture. Unconsciously, the society use tesselation concepts in making woven handicraft. A tessellation is a special type of pattern that consists of geometric figures that fit without gaps or overlaps to cover the plane. The existence of ethnomathematics on woven handicraft can be used as a source of learning and of course can make learners better understand how their cultural relate with mathematics.

FROM THE SACRED TO THE PROFANE: THE OBLATION RITUALIZED

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Reuben Ramas Cañete

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The study approaches the historical construction of the narratives surrounding the statue titled Oblation, deemed as the symbol of the University of the Philippines (UP, from the theoretical perspective of Eric Hobsbawn’s notion of “invented traditions,” as well as Judith Butler’s theory of performativity. The study looks at the genesis of this narrative as informed by the anti-colonial struggle of the late-19th and early 20th century, but amplified and “sacralised” through the symbolic power of the UP Presidency, particularly under Jorge C. Bocobo (1935-1939 under whose auspices the Oblation was erected on November 30, 1935. The study also foregrounds the key term “Sacrificial Body” as a determinant of the Oblation’s narrational focus of itself as subject, and its function as idealized model or template to be “followed” by the UP community. The ambivalence of this narrative, however, is central to the production of contradicting discourses throughout its history, from the “sacred” Pre-War image akin to a secular Crucifixion upon which rituals supervised by a “priesthood” composed of the University’s officials were enacted; to the Post- War secular (and thus “profane” image of the Oblation as that “representing academic freedom” from the viewpoint of its progressive student body and faculty. The common assertion of a sacrificial representation of anti-colonial struggle, however, is intuited by the study as exemplifying the epistemic problematics of postcolonial nationalism.

Ritual Continuity and “Failed Rituals” in a Winter Masquerade in the Italian Alps

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Lia Zola

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Alpine winter masquerades, also known as carnival masquerades, may be regarded as one of the most complex phenomena within the field of study of cultural anthropology and folklore. In the Italian alpine chain some of them have been brought to a new life two decades ago after a long period of decline; since then, alpine winter masquerades have been the focus of a great interest by cultural anthropologists, theatre performers and other intellectuals. In some cases bringing a winter masquerade to new life has proved to be successful; in others, after a first, “reborn” performance, some celebrations abruptly stopped. My paper aims to explore issues of ritual continuity and ritual failure through a specific case-study, that of the carnival masquerade in Salbertrand, an alpine settlement of 485 inhabitants in the upper part of the Val di Susa, in the Italian western alpine chain.Les mascarades alpines d'hiver, aussi connues comme mascarades de carnaval, peuvent être considérées comme l’un des phénomènes les plus complexes dans le champ d'étude d'anthropologie culturelle et du folklore. Dans la chaîne alpine italienne, certains d'entre eux ont été amenés à une nouvelle vie il y a deux décennies, après une longue période de déclin. Dès lors, les mascarades alpines d'hiver ont été sujet d'intérêt majeur pour les anthropologues culturels, les acteurs de théâtre et d'autres intellectuels. Dans certains cas, réactiver une mascarade d'hiver s'est soldé par une réussite ; dans d'autres, après une première manifestation "renaissante" quelques célébrations se sont brusquement arrêtées. Mon article aspire à explorer les phénomènes de continuité et d'échec rituel à travres une étude de cas spécifique, celui de la mascarade de carnaval de Salbertrand, une localité alpine de 485 habitants dans la partie supérieure de Val De Suse, dans les Alpes occidentales italiennes.

Metals from the ritual site of Shaitanskoye Ozero II (Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia

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Nikolaevna Korochkova, Olga

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The present article describes materials from the ritual site of Shaitanskoye Ozero II, Sverdlovsk Oblast. Few excavations carried out at the site measuring less than 240 sq. m in size, yielded more than 160 bronze artifacts: utensils, weapons, rolled copper ornaments, and abundant smelting and casting waste. Apart from Seima-Turbino (celts and laminar knives and Eurasian types (daggers with cast hilts, truncated knives with guards, fluted bracelets and rings, several metal artifacts were revealed manufactured in the style of the Samus-Kizhirovo tradition. Bronze artifacts, stone knives and scrapers, and numerous arrowheads are accompanied by ceramics of the Koptyaki type. Metals use mainly a copper-tin alloy. This assemblage is shown to be relevant to the local tradition of metalworking, which, in this particular region, was comparatively ancient having been left uninterrupted by the rapid migrations of the Seima-Turbino people. In addition, the assemblage indicates the sources from which post-Seima artifacts reached the Alakul people. These artifacts may also have been linked with a large metalworking center located in the Middle Urals.

Este artículo describe los materiales del sitio ritual de Shaitanskoye Ozero II, Provincia de Sverdlovsk. Las reducidas excavaciones emprendidas en el lugar con superficie inferior a los 240 m² han entregado más de 160 objetos de bronce: utensilios, armas, adornos en espiral de cobre y abundantes residuos de la fusión y el trabajo del metal. Además de tipos Seima-Turbino (hachas tubulares y cuchillos planos y Euroasiáticos (puñales de mango fundido, cuchillos con empuñadura de lengüeta, brazaletes y anillos acanalados, varios artefactos metálicos resultaron manufacturados según el estilo de la tradición Samus-Kizhirovo. Los artefactos de bronce, los líticos (cuchillos, raspadores y numerosas puntas de flecha están acompañados por cerámicos de tipo Koptyaki. El metal es

THE USE OF RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL RITUALS IN CONTEMPORARY COMMUNICATION

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IOVAN MARTIAN

2011-04-01

Full Text Available This article identifies the main characteristics and trends inthe development of media power in the context of increasing its connection with the otherpowers in the society, especially with the political and ecclesiastic power. The developmentof communication technologies, especially during the last half of a century, has led to theimprovement and increase of the efficiency of communication functions at all levels,regardless of the distances between those who manage communication and the targetpublic. The sacerdotal and political powers of our days have taken over the results ofmass–media development in order to use them intensively in the attainment of their ownmission and strategies, seeking to be as successful as possible. An essential way forfulfilling the goals of political and ecclesiastic power is the intentional use of specificceremonies and rituals in the communication exchanges with the public. The “directors”and “screenwriters” involved in the organization of such spectacles and their mediacoverage all over the planet have so perfected this art that the powers receiving extensivemedia coverage have become seductive celebrities, increasingly capable of manipulation, foran increasingly wider public. The author taps into a comprehensive historical,philosophical, sociological and practical documentation in order to demonstrate theincrease in the functions of audiovisual, verbal and nonverbal communication in our days,and some perverse effects of this evolution.

O Sagrado e a Ritualidade Diante da Morte / The Sacred and the Rituality When Facing Death

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João Batista Alves de Oliveira

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Morrer, expressão fria, não inspiradora, devastadora de sonhos, de amores. Certeza única em nossa vida. Ocorre, mais cedo ou mais tarde, de forma branda ou arrebatadora, sutil ou amargurante, suave ou sofrida. Momento em que precisamos agir de determinado jeito para elaborarmos e vivermos a perda, acompanhando a despedida de quem nos é caro e para convivermos adequadamente com a fase do luto. Aí se faz importante a realização do ritual, o qual andou se perdendo na atualidade, não valorizado pela frieza asséptica da morte moderna e que precisa ter retomado o seu valor, já que “... realizar a ação ritual significa conter o pensamento dentro das malhas da ação clara e significativa”.1 Não se pode atribuir uma fórmula ou um valor fixo ao rito, mas é certo que não é inútil. Ele representa a nossa história: quem somos, de onde viemos, para onde vamos, porque amamos e também, porque ali, no rito de morte, estamos sofrendo. É o momento de olharmos para aquele de quem nos despedimos e nos enxergarmos nele; de repensar o valor de nossa história, a intensidade do nosso amor, os caminhos e descaminhos de nossa vida juntos. Todo rito de morte, quando esta ocorre lentamente, como no caso de doenças prolongadas, nos prepara para a vivência do luto. Isso é fundamental, pois “o rito equivale a uma ação formal prescrita para ocasiões que vão além da rotina cotidiana teológica, correspondendo uma referência à crença em seus poderes místicos”.1 Nesse momento, precisamos dessas crenças, de apegarmo-nos ao Sagrado, independente da concepção que cada um faça deste.

El futbol nos une: socialización, ritual e identidad en torno al futbol

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Jorge Alberto Cárdenas Meneses

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El futbol es el deporte espectáculo más consumido del mundo. En el documento se explora el sentido de pertenencia de los aficionados a unos colores determinados, el proceso de socialización con fines de autoadscripción y el proceso de identidad con un equipo. Para ello se hace un trabajo cualitativo en donde un clásico de futbol se convierte en un escenario de división de identidades con tintes rituales. La descripción densa de este fenómeno en una escuela preparatoria llena de significados ritualizados por jóvenes, y donde las banderas y camisetas colman de colores la semana previa y posterior a un duelo en el que los aficionados son el jugador número 12. Se desea mostrar el consumo cultural heterogéneo del futbol como un elemento aglutinador de imaginarios sociales: el orgullo por la victoria, el duelo ante la derrota.

Saltos del toro y carreras rituales. Deporte femenino y religión en la Antigua Grecia

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Fernando García Romero

2015-10-01

Full Text Available La tan repetida afirmación de que en los Juegos Olímpicos antiguos las mujeres no participaban requiere ciertos matices. En estas páginas se estudian las razones por las que el deporte femenino en la antigua Grecia y sus competiciones se mantuvieron siempre muy estrechamente ligadas al contexto cultual y religioso en el que se celebraban. Sin embargo, en época imperial romana, algunos testimonios han hecho que diversos estudiosos se hayan planteado la posibilidad de que hubiera podido desprenderse de alguna manera de su estrechísima vinculación con los rituales iniciáticos y prematrimoniales, y haber tenido cabida incluso en las grandes competiciones deportivas, quizá ya más como espectáculo que como acto de culto.

Comercialização do artesanato Kinikinau na cidade ecoturística de Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

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Karolinne Sotomayor Azambuja Canazilles

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This article focuses in the handicrafts Kinikinau. It aims to analyze the marketing of artifacts produced by this ethnic group, in Bonito, ecotouristic city of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The Kinikinau were considered “extinct” for over half a century. Nowadays, they seek official recognition. The Kinikinau crafts became an important tool to help in the quest for ethnic strengthening, hence the relevance of the object. The survey data was conducted through visits to centers marketing the city of Bonito and the village of São João, Indian Reserve Kadiwéu, in Porto Murtinho, as well as collecting photographic records of handicrafts exhibited for sale, semi -structured interviews with traders and artisans. Secondary sources that deal with the production and marketing of handicrafts of other ethnicities are supporting the analysis. The results describe how is the flow of the Kinikinau handicrafts market created by the ecotourism, revealing the limitations that affect this process.

Reason, Rhythm, and Rituality. Reinterpreting Religious Cult from a Postmodern, Phenomenological Perspective

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Martina Roesner

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Contemporary philosophy of religion is often focused, at a theoretical level, on the epistemic value of religious doctrines, and at a practical level, on the possible impact of organized religion on secular society and politics. However, the cultic dimension of religion, such as prayer, religious service, ascetic practices, and other rituals, is considered as completely “irrational” and incomprehensible from a secular perspective and therefore often neglected by postmodern philosophy. The paper intends to call into question this rather simplistic interpretation by retracing the historical origins of the devaluation of religious symbolism in occidental thought, which culminates in Kant’s philosophy of religion. We then shall analyze to what extent certain paradoxical aspects of Habermas’ view on religion can be interpreted as consequences of the dilemma brought about by the Kantian dichotomy between man as moral subject and man as natural, sensible being. In a third step, we shall develop an alternative, phenomenological interpretation, which does not consider religious practice as a primitive, irrational phenomenon but as a proto-ethical schematism that aims at integrating the sphere of pure practical reason into the rhythmic structure of living, embodied consciousness.

Contexts of offerings and ritual maize in the pictographic record in Central Mexico

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Natalia Moragas Segura

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this article is an initial enquiry into the evidence and classification of the offerings of maize in Central Mexico from the Classic period to early colonial times. In order to achieve this goal, we will analyse the presence of maize in Central Mexico according to the evidence found in mural paintings and some pictographic codices. Two Mesoamerican cultures will be considered to achieve our analysis: the Teotihuacan and Mexico-Tenochtitlan. Maize was instrumental in the performance of daily rituals and in the diet of these ancient Mesoamerican cultures and the cereal also had sacred connotations in pre-Hispanic, colonial and contemporary narratives. We suggest this by reading the iconographic and symbolic representations of corn in the form of seeds and pods, or as an ingredient in cooked foods which are represented in the mural paintings of Teotihuacan as well as some codices of the post-Classic Nahua tradition. These methodological enquiries reveal evidence of a cultural continuity in Central Mexico as a contrasting perspective on the archaeological and ethno-historical period.

Die Struktur der Trance in afrobrasilianischen Kulten. Über die Ritualisierung veränderter Bewusstseinszustände anhand von Therapie, Initiation, Liturgie und Divination - The structure of trance in afro-brasilian cults. On the ritualization of modified states of consciousness in therapy, initiation, lithurgy and divination

OpenAIRE

Stefan Festini Cucco

2014-01-01

Trance as a ritualized modified state of consciousness plays a key role in many moments of religious life in afro-brasilian cults. It is the main means of interaction, communication and the exchange of vital energy axé between devotees, gods and ghosts. As such it characterizes the cults’ liturgy, initiatory rituals, therapeutic methods and divination techniques, which can hardly be considered solely if the aim is a holistic understanding of the structure of trance. By followin...

Tránsitos de la otredad a la nostridad en los sistemas sociales de clasificación ritual y posritual

OpenAIRE

Romero Gallardo, Michelle Vyoleta

2016-01-01

Resumen El presente artículo aborda cuatro constructos teóricos para analizar el tránsito de la otredad a la nostridad en el sistema de clasificaciones con que se construyen las sociedades. Se discuten modelos explicativos de la polaridad "lo otro" y "nosotros" mediante una trayectoria que parte de lo ritual, pasa por el drama social y arriba a lo posritual. Se destaca la evolución de lecturas que van de lo no-agente a la mutua implicación de agencia y estructura en la creación, transmisión y...

Produção, Circulação e Significados do Artesanato Pataxó no Contexto Turístico da aldeia de Coroa Vermelha, Santa Cruz Cabrália-BA

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Sandro Campos Neves

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Pataxó craft made at Coroa Vermelha village has always been a part of the warehouse activities held at the region. As mass tourism grew since 1970, this craftsmanship acquires new meanings. In 2000, a center of native handicrafts was created. During the summer of 2010 a survey with 28 of 300 Pataxó stores was conducted to investigate circulation, production and meaning of native handicrafts. Regarding production, Pataxó craftsmanship suffered a great standardization in . Regardint circulation process an unequal appropriation of profitability was found. As for meaning, two kinds were observed, handicraft is either local art or touristic souvenir.

Produção, Circulação e Significados do Artesanato Pataxó no Contexto Turístico da aldeia de Coroa Vermelha, Santa Cruz Cabrália-BA

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Sandro Campos Neves

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Pataxó craft made at Coroa Vermelha village has always been a part of the warehouse activities held at the region. As mass tourism grew since 1970, this craftsmanship acquires new meanings. In 2000, a center of native handicrafts was created. During the summer of 2010 a survey with 28 of 300 Pataxó stores was conducted to investigate circulation, production and meaning of native handicrafts. Regarding production, Pataxó craftsmanship suffered a great standardization in . Regardint circulation process an unequal appropriation of profitability was found. As for meaning, two kinds were observed, handicraft is either local art or touristic souvenir.

Jesuítas e Tupi: o encontro sacramental e ritual dos séculos XVI-XVII

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Adone Agnolin

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Traduzindo os dogmas doutrinais pós-conciliares para os indígenas americanos, os missionários empreendiam uma tradução de uma tradição religiosa ocidental para uma cultura que não participava dela. Os códigos culturais daquela cultura "estranha" deviam servir para inscrever a tradição religiosa ocidental entre os indígenas. Para fazer isso, a "redução" devia corrigir os excessos (dos costumes e as ausências (de crenças dos novos catecúmenos americanos. Os excessos impunham a disciplina, enquanto as ausências reclamavam a doutrina. Nesse percurso, o hibridismo cultural decorrente de uma interpretação ritual do encontro doutrinal e sacramental reescreveu a relação com o sagrado segundo uma nova estrutura, tipicamente colonial.

Activación neutrónica en el estudio de la producción local de la cerámica ritual en el sitio Moche, Perú

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1995-01-01

Full Text Available ACTIVATION NEUTRONIQUE ET PRODUCTION LOCALE DE LA CERAMIQUE RITUELLE AU SITE MOCHE, PEROU. La production céramique a atteint un haut degré de spécialisation dans la civilisation moche, mais on n’en connaît pas encore tous les mécanismes. La découverte d’un important atelier de production céramique associé à la Huaca de La Luna du site Moche, offre une occasion idéale de vérifier si la production a été faite avec une source d’argile locale. L’analyse par activation neutronique a été la méthode utilisée pour établir la caractérisation chimique d’objets en céramique. Les résultats confirment la production sur place de figurines ainsi qu’un contrôle efficace de la production des différents types de vases rituels. Le contrôle de la production des vases domestiques est cependant moins évident et l’approvisionnement pourrait être à une échelle régionale tandis que la production des objets rituels serait dirigée par l’élite de la présumée capitale du premier état sur la côte nord du Pérou. La producción cerámica alcanzó un alto grado de especialización en la civilización moche, pero aún no se conocen todos los mecanismos de la misma. El descubrimiento de un importante taller de producción cerámica asociado a la Huaca de la Luna del sitio Moche, brinda una oportunidad perfecta para verificar si la producción fue hecha a partir de una fuente local de arcilla. El análisis por activación neutrónica fue el método utilizado para establecer la caracterización química de objetos de cerámica. Los resultados confirman la producción in situ de estatuillas, así como un control eficaz de la producción de los diversos tipos de vasos rituales. Sin embargo, el control de la producción de vasos domésticos no es tan evidente y el abastecimiento podría haberse hecho a nivel regional, contrariamente a la producción de los objetos rituales, dirigida por la élite de la presunta capital del primer estado de

“谁”的赣南道教节日祈祥法事仪式音乐?%Whose Musics in the Taoist Feast Day Auspiciousness Praying Rituals of Southern Jiangxi Province?

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

蒋燮

2016-01-01

赣南道教节日祈祥法事，是当地畲族、客家老俵于道教节日前后为祈佑国泰民安、五谷丰登而举行的庆祭仪式活动。“人”在法事仪式音乐活动中起到了关键的主体性作用，具有很强的能动性。法事仪式音乐“人”涵括了执仪者、组织者、接受者三类不同角色的参与人群，这些群体均需通过鲜活的生命个体方能展示各自的仪式行为特点所在。“畲客共醮”的赣南道教节日祈祥法事仪式音乐，营造出一个错综复杂的动态网络，其以音乐的纽带和动人的展示，串接起不同的人、不同的事、不同的历史时空与生命心境，顽强地延续着一方土地的传统艺术与民俗精神。%The Taoist feast day auspiciousness praying ritual of southern Jiangxi province is a celebration expecting harvest and peace held by She and Hakka ethnic groups. People have been playing a crucial role in the musical activi-ties. People in the ritual musics include executants and constitutors and recipients three types of different participations in the crowd. These participations need to display their own ritual behavior characteristics through the living individual. The musics in the Taoist feast day auspiciousness praying rituals of southern Jiangxi province string together different people and affairs and historical time and space and life state of mind through the bond of music and the moving presen-tation to make tenacious continuation of the traditional art and folk spirit of the land.

Juntos. Rituales, placeres y política de cooperación

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Albert Muñoz Miralles

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:ES; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} En su último libro, Juntos. Rituales, placeres y política de cooperación, el sociólogo estadounidense Richard Sennett nos invita a reflexionar sobre las posibilidades y retos que ofrecen las distintas modalidades de cooperación para el desarrollo humano y social. Adentrarse en esta temática le sirve además como ocasión para poner de relieve las carencias que detecta en la sociedad actual a la hora de promover la activación de nuestras capacidades cooperativas, así como para seguir profundizando en las complejidades propias de la vida social.

Festival of Curses: A Traditional Crime Control Method In Edo State –Nigeria

OpenAIRE

Rashidi Akanji Okunola; Adediran Daniel Ikuomola

2016-01-01

Festivals and ceremonies are part and parcel of African culture, usually in all its pump, merriment and pageantry. However, with the increasing wave of criminal activities in Nigeria especially in Edo state, festivals and ceremonies are being redefined and conceptualized in practice. Only recently a new festival ‘Festival of Curses’ was brought to the fore in combating crime in Edo state. The study therefore seeks to explain the festival as a traditional mechanism in crime control, the nature...

A representação do Ritual Romano de Exorcismos no Filme O Exorcista (1973

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Solange Ramos de Andrade

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo objetivamos analisar de que maneira o Ritual Romano de Exorcismos (1952 foi representado no filme O Exorcista (1973, isto é, como o cinema se apropria das diretrizes oficiais da Igreja católica na década de 1970. Como fundamento teórico, utilizamos os conceitos de apropriação e representação, elaborados por Roger Chartier (1990, 2002. Nossas reflexões serão elaboradas por meio da pesquisa descritiva, tendo como foco principal o exorcismo de Reagan MacNeil (Linda Blair, realizado pelos padres jesuítas Lankester Merrin (Max von Sydow e Damien Karras (Jason Miller. Acreditamos, em função da popularização dos filmes norte-americanos representando rituais católicos de exorcismo, como o supracitado filme, que a principal imagem que o Ocidente do século XX construiu sobre o que vem a ser um exorcista, ficou a cargo da figura do padre.

Metallurgical study of the iberian weapons found in jutia valley (Nerpio-Yeste, Albacete, Spain. Work, weaponry, rituals and mountain communities

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Marc Gener Moret

2016-11-01

Full Text Available We present a metallurgical study of weapons of the Iberian Iron Age documented in the high-altitude valley of Jutia (Nerpio-Yeste, Albacete, Spain integrated in the analysis of their specific archaeological context and as part of our ongoing research about the forms of organization of mountain landscapes during the Iron Age. The results are especially valid in the case of a soliferreum, whose metallographic analysis allows us to characterize the technology of its production process, and a lance tip, whose analysis raises arguments about the complex social life and the various social actions potentially linked to the objects placed in ritual and funerary contexts.

Return to work: a case of PTSD, dissociative identity disorder, and satanic ritual abuse.

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Precin, Patricia

2011-01-01

This case study investigated an intervention that enabled an individual with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), and satanic ritual abuse to return to work after discharge from psychiatric inpatient treatment. The Occupational Questionnaire [88] revealed past difficulties in organization, awareness of time, communication, cooperation, frustration tolerance, competition, stress management, goal setting, and amnesia resulting in incomplete tasks and sporadic attendance at work. The Role Checklist [72] identified alters valuing work and employed in the past. The Modified Interest Checklist [70] identified running as an interest that 24 alters shared. Based on the initial evaluations, three times a week treadmill running was used as an intervention that built work skills (as measured by the Clerical Work Sample of the Valpar Component Work Sample Series [97]) necessary to sustain gainful employment upon discharge. After intervention, this individual improved in awareness of time, stress management, and goal setting abilities and was less amnestic as per the Occupational Questionnaire [88] and four additional alters expressed an interest in work according to the Modified Interest Checklist [70].

Die Struktur der Trance in afrobrasilianischen Kulten. Über die Ritualisierung veränderter Bewusstseinszustände anhand von Therapie, Initiation, Liturgie und Divination - The structure of trance in afro-brasilian cults. On the ritualization of modified states of consciousness in therapy, initiation, lithurgy and divination

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Stefan Festini Cucco

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Trance as a ritualized modified state of consciousness plays a key role in many moments of religious life in afro-brasilian cults. It is the main means of interaction, communication and the exchange of vital energy axé between devotees, gods and ghosts. As such it characterizes the cults’ liturgy, initiatory rituals, therapeutic methods and divination techniques, which can hardly be considered solely if the aim is a holistic understanding of the structure of trance. By following the analytical model of Antonio L. Palmisano (2013, the author begins with a short examination of the three major paradigms of trance institutionalization – vision, possession and ecstasy – and proceeds with the analysis of trance-structure in the afro-brasilian context. Based on personal ethnographic data collected during a fieldwork of several months in Rio de Janeiro, the essay displays the emic perspective in a descriptive way. By doing so the reader should get a good insight in the cults’ life and their utilization of trance in ritual activities.

Poetics, Ritual and Politics in Two Plays by Ṣalah ‘Abd Al-Ṣabur: Toward an Aesthetics of National Regeneration

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Mahasen Mahmoud Badra

2018-03-01

Full Text Available In two of his poetic plays, The Princess Waits (1969, written under the ruling of the second president of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser (1956-1970 in office and After the King is Dead (1973, written after Nasser’s death, Ṣalaḥ ‘al- Ṣabūr presents the character of the Poet – who symbolizes the collective conscience of the nation – as the savior figure. In both plays, after a symbolically ritualistic duel, the Poet manages to kill the oppressor and rescue the heroine (Princess\\Queen who represents the oppressed nation. In After the King is Dead, he offers the Queen a long sought for dream, the "child" that symbolizes the hope for national rebirth. In his multi-layered philosophical, mythical and political strata of themes that combine the paradoxes of life and death, love and treason, fertility and barrenness, resistance and submission, Ṣabūr dramatizes his political reformist visions. Giving the two plays the allegorical framework of a folk tale, and ironically using ritual hymns and dances, the author synthesizes the classical traditional techniques with the modern experimental forms. In two superb theatrical pieces, he managed to produce an artistic carnivalesque show that brings together Greek and Oriental myths, ritual, the masque genre, Aristotle, Pirandello, Brecht, Maeterlinck, and Becket. ‘Abd Al- Ṣabūr’s two plays represent a step on the road for an art that may lead the Arabic nation to a state of regeneration that has been quested and sought for by many. They can be regarded as a tentative aesthetics of the sought for democratic utopia or the so-called "Arab spring" of today.

War on Film: Military History Education. Video tapes, Motion Pictures, and Related Audiovisual Aids

Science.gov (United States)

1987-01-01

results in a film of such impact and realism that it has been kept off television. D-2. War Without Winners II. (Color/TVT/29 min./1982) Brought to...pageantry of this film and the remarkable discipline of its participants is revealed, as vividly as in any cinematic record in existence, the skill of the...Olympia. (B&W/TVT/203 niin./1938) Olympia is one of the famous films of all time-Germany’s cinematic pageant of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Controversial

Visual Arts and Handicrafts.

Science.gov (United States)

Winkel, Lois

1998-01-01

Lists recommended book titles for children on art, crafts, artists, optical illusions, and drawing. Provides the address for a Web site featuring art activities and information about artists for children. (PEN)

National holidays. Civic religions and political rituals in the liberal Europe of the «long Nineteenth Century» | Las fiestas nacionales. Religiones de la patria y rituales políticos en la Europa liberal del «largo siglo XIX»

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Maurizio Ridolfi

2004-12-01

Full Text Available In nineteenth-century Europe, the symbolic conflicts involved in the construction of the so-called «civic religions» took place in a public sphere in which rituals from the past were performed with a double aim: that of representing the new bourgeois hierarchies and legitimising liberal institutions in the name of a new national sentiment. With regard to the devising of a calendar of public holidays and with reference to traditional religious rituals in Europe and America, two main patterns were established: these were the French and the North American models, which were conflicting but at the same time shared many common features. A comparative study of the civic religions of southern European countries has produced a classification based on the degree of interaction (or even conflict between traditional religion and the State, as well as the longevity of the nation State and its ability to influence the patriotic education of the ruling classes. Whereas in countries with more firmly established State institutions and a «glorious» imperial past –the case of Spain and Portugal–, a sense of national integration nourished by a return to historical-cultural tradition arose at the onset of decadence, in recently formed nation States – like Greece and Italy - political-military memories of the heroic phase of the fight for national independence acquired considerable importance. On more than one occasion, however, in Spain and Italy for example, the two mythical-symbolic factors (cultural and military combined to represent the national sentiment. In general, the adaptation of dynastic ceremonies to public holidays in the various nation States gave a new definition to political liturgies on different planes, with a complex transition, in some cases even contamination, between the various known models of political festivals: royal under the Ancien Régime, Caesarian under the Second French Empire, and civil and patriotic under the liberal

ANALISIS USAHA KERAJINAN BAMBU SKALA RUMAH TANGGA DI KELURAHAN MALUMBI KECAMATAN KAMBERA KABUPATEN SUMBA TIMUR

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Nikodemus Samue Taru

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to analyze the advantages, Break Even Point on bamboo handicraft business in the Village Household Scale Malumbi, District Kambera, East Sumba district. The research method using census method, takes the form of primary and secondary data for January to February 2016. Data collection technique were interview, observation, documentation, recording, and literature. The method of analysis using the analysis of the advantages and Break Even Point. Results from the study showed that bamboo handicraft business industry household scale in 2015 in the village of Malumbi make a profit of Rp.489.745.393,00, and reached a point Break Even Point for bamboo handicrafts 0.930 units, 6,918 units and woven bamboo craft craft chicken confinement 6.017 unit.

Artesanato com Lã de Ovinos, Turismo e Desenvolvimento Local

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Dyego de Oliveira Arruda

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The state of Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil has been recognized by its potential to boost regional tourism activity through the dissemination of its particular culture – which includes the production of handicrafts based on sheep’s wool. Thus, the present study was intent to analyze the dynamic scope in which the insertion of sheep’s handicrafts as tourist product in municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul/ Brazil may occur. For this, semi-structured questionnaires, and interviews with guiding questions were used. It was observed that the handicrafts with sheep’s wool does not effectively lay down within the investigated tourism territories, mainly due to the organizational strategies of the groups, and the lack of dynamism of their community-based tourism.

Xamanismo e cosmovisão andina: um estudo sobre práticas de curanderismo Mochica expressas na cerâmica ritual

OpenAIRE

Debora Leonel Soares

2015-01-01

Este trabalho propôs analisar a cerâmica ritual produzida pelos Mochica, sociedade que ocupou a costa norte peruana entre os séculos I e VIII d.C., com base em três eixos principais: o papel mediador de personagens geralmente entendidos como xamãs, ou sacerdotes; os rituais de sacrifício humano e os processos de verticalização do poder político; e as dinâmicas de transformação e suas implicações nas relações entre entes humanos e não humanos. Estes temas, observados na iconografia e morfologi...

Relato míticos y prácticas rituales en Pachacamac

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2004-01-01

Full Text Available Dans le cadre de cet essai, je propose une synthèse critique des informations et connaissances actuelles relatives au culte de Ychsma, importante divinité préhispanique dont le sanctuaire se trouvait dans l’enceinte du site monumental de Pachacamac, côte centrale du Pérou. Cette analyse fait appel aux sources ethnohistoriques et ethnographiques, mais aussi aux nouvelles données archéologiques récoltées lors des récentes recherches menées sur le site et sa région. L’étymologie et l’étude des sources écrites soulignent la spécificité côtière de la divinité, mais elles montrent également que le culte et les mythes ont été manipulés par les Incas. Une série de pratiques rituelles (sacrifices humains et d’animaux, offrandes diverses, pèlerinage, divination, culte aux ancêtres sont examinées à la lumière conjuguée des comptes rendus coloniaux (principalement des extirpations d’idôlatries et des découvertes archéologiques. Cette confrontation systématique permet de brosser un tableau des coutumes cultuelles préhispaniques plus complet que tout ce qui a été proposé à ce jour pour la zone Lurín-Rímac. En el marco del presente ensayo, propongo una síntesis crítica de las informaciones y los conocimientos actuales referentes al culto de Ychsma, importante divinidad prehispánica cuyo santuario se encontraba en el sitio monumental de Pachacamac, costa central del Perú. Este análisis se basa en fuentes etnohistóricas y etnográficas, así como en los nuevos datos arqueológicos recolectados durante las investigaciones llevadas a cabo hace poco en el sitio y su comarca. La etimología y el estudio de las fuentes escritas subrayan la especificidad costeña del dios y demuestran también que el culto y los mitos han sido manipulados por los incas. Una serie de prácticas rituales (sacrificos humanos y de animales, ofrendas diversas, romería, adivinación, culto a los ancestros se examinan bajo la luz de los

Hibridisasi Seni Kerajinan Patung di Desa Kedisan, Bali

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Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha

2016-10-01

Full Text Available This article discusses Balinese handicraft especially statue handicraft produced by craftsmen at Kedisan Village, Tegal-lalang District, Gianyar Residence. The competitiveness of the product is very high in tourism market and has the process of hybridization. The specific target that will be achieved related to the identity maintenance of Balinese culture. Thus the main discussion of this article is the caused of hybridization on statue handicraft in Bali. In the era of globalization the fusion between local and global cultures has already happened and this is a phenomenon of postmodernism because there is relationship of cultural influences. This condition can be comprehended from hybridization phenomenon on statue handicraft in Bali. Theories of globalization and glocalization are applied to analyse the data in this article. Qualitative method is used to achieve the objective and target through the implementation of participated observation technique and in-depth interview. The whole data is analysed descriptively, holisticly, and interpretatively. The Balinese artists on statue have done the changes in the form of statue through hybridization against the statue as the effect of made to order because of internal and external factors.

A decepção de Tinker Bell e a luta das classificações: o artesanato, o Governo Federal e o Sebrae

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Maria Salete de Souza Nery

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Based on the Conceptual Basis of Brazilian Handicraft, a document published by the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC, and on the Reference Term of the Sebrae System in Arts and Crafts, both from 2010, we seek to problematize the issue of ratings and the struggles that are at stake in the channeling of values and practices in arts and crafts. Taken as accepted and consensual, the term handicraft is a place of disputes, particularly in its tension with art and the market. We outline the role and the power of the State in defining the legitimate meanings that regulate coordinated ac- tions of differenta agencies and also of the individuals who are considered craftsmen. Thus, we ask: What are the clashes present in the definition of handicraft and what are the positions assumed by seminal agents about this? The documents cited above are the basis to highlight these issues and also the difficulties and dilemmas of the government and Sebrae as partners in the task of promoting handicraft and they help us to discuss, even in introductory terms, the possible meanings of this partnership.

Rituals of creativity: tradition, modernity, and the "acoustic unconscious" in a U.S. collegiate jazz music program.

Science.gov (United States)

Wilf, Eitan

2012-01-01

In this article, I seek to complicate the distinction between imitation and creativity, which has played a dominant role in the modern imaginary and anthropological theory. I focus on a U.S. collegiate jazz music program, in which jazz educators use advanced sound technologies to reestablish immersive interaction with the sounds of past jazz masters against the backdrop of the disappearance of performance venues for jazz. I analyze a key pedagogical practice in the course of which students produce precise replications of the recorded improvisations of past jazz masters and then play them in synchrony with the recordings. Through such synchronous iconization, students inhabit and reenact the creativity epitomized by these recordings. I argue that such a practice, which I call a “ritual of creativity,” suggests a coconstitutive relationship between imitation and creativity, which has intensified under modernity because of the availability of new technologies of digital reproduction.

La música del maíz: de los rituales agrarios mejicanos a la ilustración asturiana

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Rubén Figadero Fernandez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es un esbozo, una puerta para una investigación de mayor extensión, que explicaría la existencia de un léxico musical y ritual común entre pueblos separados por un mar y por años de desencuentros, prejuicios y desconfianza. Encerrar aquí una realidad tan compleja como la que rodea al mundo del maíz en México y Asturias es como pretender leer las verdades de la naturaleza en una solo planta, o el carácter de una persona con una sola mirada. Este trabajo trata de dibujar unas relaciones de simetría entre mitos, ritos y costumbres unidas por el azar de un grano de maíz que atraviesa el océano y germina en una tierra hambrienta.

'Are you content with being just ordinary? Or do you wish to make progress and be outstanding?' New ritual practices in contemporary Sweden

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Anne-Christine Hornborg

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This article examines the emergence and features of new practices in contemporary Sweden, which are being sold to individuals as therapy or coaching in order for them find their ‘inner potential’ as a means to achieve health, self-realisation and prosperity in life as well as in work. The focus on the inner self and the formation of a new personhood demands new ritual creativity, responding to the individual’s longing for intense experiences of transform­ation and the authentic self. The development of a new outlook on the self is thus the focus of these practices, that is to say, individuals are encouraged to stage new ways to perform themselves. In this construction of a new self, or the image of an ideal self, the layman therapist or coach is very much in demand. In order to discuss these new practices, the Health Academy Europe (Hälsoakademin Europa is chosen. One reason for a closer study of this enterprise is that it was one of the coaching enterprises chosen in 2009 by the Swedish public Employment Service (Arbetsförmedlingen to give employment coaching, when the Swedish government allocated 300 million euros to buy the services of 1,500 coaches to help approximately 250,000 unemployed Swedes to get work.These new practices could be classified as new rituals, adapted to late modern society with a focus on the individual, the inner self and prosperity. The ambition is to encourage the participant to design a new, empowered self in order to turn dreams into reality and to find hope for better circumstances in life.

Diversity and utilization of bamboo species in Tigawasa Village, Bali

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IDA BAGUS KETUT ARINASA

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Tigawasa is one of the famous traditional villages as a center of bamboo handicraft in Buleleng regency-Bali. As a center of bamboo handicraft its have been wrestled since centuries. Their peoples have done traditionally bamboo conservation surrounding their house and garden too. The marginal area, river flow area and stiff slope that are outskirts of village become to focus of bamboo conservation by their peoples, too. This research conducted at Tigawasa village in June 2003 by stripe and interview methods. Two kilometers stripe length by 50 meters width; follow the direction north south of the river was investigated. To know the utilization of kind of bamboo and their product conducted by interview to craftsman and community figure. The result of inventory knew about four genus consist of 19 species planted in this village. To know those bamboo species will be presented their key of determination. The genus of Gigantochloa and Schizostachyum to dominate of their species, and have many uses of it’s, also. Not less than 54 kind of bamboos handicraft product was produced in this village. The diversity of bamboos handicraft product, develop according progress of the technology and demand of period. Many of new products composed and use of color or paint develop to produce varieties of fixed product. Two-kind of product that is traditional boxes (“sokasi” handicraft and woven bamboo (“bedeg” to become this village famous at Bali, even though in foreign countries Energetic development of bamboos home industry to come to decrease stock of raw materials. About two trucks supply from east Java regularly to anticipation of decrease local stock of raw materials every week.

TENUN SONGKET PANDAI SIKEK DALAM BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU

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Yandri Yandri

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The art of songket woven handicraft Pandai Sikek is a cultural product of collective creation and traditional heritage Pandai Sikek. Songket first created to meet human needs for traditional ceremonies such as wedding ceremony of Minangkabau. The symbolic meanings in the art of songket are constantly evolving in accordance with the change of time. The art of songket weave Pandai Sikek is one of the traditional handicrafts, which is used for wedding ceremony. In traditional wedding, the groom wears songket for ‘saluak’, ‘sisampiang’, and ‘cawek’, all of them accessories for the traditional costume, while the bride wears gloves, scarves, and tingkuluak, accessories for female constume. The use of songket is customary responsibility and each of the songket patterns contains symbolic meanings. Various decorative patterns of Minangkabau songket are inspired from the concept of "alam takambang jadi guru" (learning from nature. The beauty of songket can be seen visually from the decorative patterns as well as the functions, styles, and structures. Songket handicrafts are able to survive and compete with factory-made textile products. The succes can not ignore the socio-cultural factors that the existence of this woven fabric remained in the middle of the supporting community. Key words: songket, woven handicraft, traditional wedding ceremony

The Reflection of Javanese Life Manner on the Dongkrek Art and Ritual Performance in Madiun Society

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Sharfina Nur Amalina

2018-05-01

Full Text Available This article focuses in the analysis of Javanese life manner within Dongkrek art and ritual performance in Mejayan, Madiun, Indonesia. The purpose of research is to reflect a life manner of Javanese society within a Dongkrek show. The qualitative-descriptive was used as research approach. Data were collected by interview, literature review, and other relevant resources. The results of research show a five points of Javanese manner of life in Dongkrek, represent in the phrase Ambrasta Dur Hangkara, Memayu Hayuning Bawana, Sura Dira Jayaning Lebur Dening Pangastuti, Sadulur Papat Kalima Pancer, and Manunggaling Kawula Gusti. Those phrases contain many moral values that generally can be accepted by society. The phrase represents a human relationship, the manner of life, ways of life, world-view, willingness, and the transcendental relationship between humans and God. It means the purpose of the Javanese manner of life is to reach the perfection of life. The perfection of life is resting on the faith towards to the God through the maturity of spirituality.

Pelaksanaan Ritual Usahatani Padi Sawah pada Subak Kawasan Perkotaan dan Kawasan Perdesaan Kasus: Subak Ayung, Desa Buduk, Kecamatan Mengwi dan Subak Sulangai, Desa Sulangai, Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung

OpenAIRE

ARTAJAYA, DEWA PUTU; SUTJIPTA, I NYOMAN; SUARDI, I DEWA PUTU OKA

2016-01-01

Implementation of Rice Farming Ritual at Subak of Urban and Rural Areas Case: Subak Ayung at BudukVillage Mengwi District and Subak Sulangai at Sulangai Village District of Petang Badung RegencyCultural diversity provides vivid colors in every area as a tradition that characterizes each tribe in Indonesia. Bali historically has had a tradition, culture, and religious commitment in the form of an organization called Subak. The belief of Subak members in conceiving land as Mother Nature, water ...

La muerte de un hijo: dolor, exclusión, reintegración. Entramado de una secuencia ritual nivaclé

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Alejandra Siffredi

1994-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo básico del trabajo consiste en realizar una reconstrucción de la secuencia ritual activada por la pérdida del hijo/a -eje de las prácticas sobre la muerte en la sociedad nivaclé- que dé cuenta de sus dos fases: la de segregación o duelo y la de reintegración (vaclan. Tras discutir las dificultades encontradas y proponer algunos procedimientos para intentar resolverlas, se contextualiza al duelo-vaclan en el ciclo de los ritos de pasaje. En un segundo momento, para evidenciar que estos últimos se conforman a partir de una lógica semejante, se enuncian las grandes líneas de la teoría indígena sobre el proceso iniciático. Finalmente se presenta la precitada reconstrucción.

In My Day: Using lessons from history, ritual and our elders to build professional identity.

Science.gov (United States)

McAllister, Margaret; John, Tracey; Gray, Michelle

2009-07-01

Drawing on the power of ritual, storytelling and lessons from history and our professional elders, nursing academics at the University of the Sunshine Coast organised a three-hour event on International Nurses Day. The aims were to model to students the importance of producing their own nursing stories and to celebrate and stimulate conversation about the diverse, rich, local and national history of nursing. The event included: an oration from an influential guest speaker; video footage of nurses telling their stories; an historical display of nursing artefacts; opportunities for participants to record their stories; and opportunities for students, staff and the local nursing fraternity to engage with each other. The event received very positive evaluative feedback from participants, and we formulated recommendations for future events and student education: (1) ensure an adequate planning period to book a suitable venue and elicit sufficient financial and marketing support; (2) establish a local retired nurses association that could provide mentoring support for student nurses; and (3) integrate the annual event and the mentoring program into the curriculum of a course within our Nursing Program. We conclude that such professional development events can provide many benefits for all sectors of our nursing community.

ベトナムにおけるクラフト・ツーリズムと地域開発

OpenAIRE

Vu, Nam; ブー, ナム

2009-01-01

This study considers the challenges involved in the relation between traditional handicraft and tourism in Vietnam, using traditional handicraft values as a tourism resource to attract both international and domestic tourists to the rural areas. This not only brings the diversification of tourism services and products but also promotes the local traditional industry and regional revitalization. The study begins with the discussion of craft tourism and its role in tourism promotion, in bringin...

Guarani education and religion in the state of Paraná, Brazil: a study on the Nimongarai ritual

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Rosangela Celia Faustino

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Due to the violent expropriation and commercialization of large areas in the state of Paraná, Brazil, at the beginning of the 20th century the surviving indigenous groups were herded within small parcels of land, called villages, and currently denominated Indigene Land (IL. The Nhandewa Guarani of the northern region of the state of Paraná, living in the Laranjinha, Ywyporã and Pinhalzinho ILs, have experienced terrible conditions since they lost many of their traditions and culture, including their language. During the 1980s and 1990s and within the context of the world economic crisis, the international organisms UNESCO and World Bank aimed at social cohesion and started, as a joint venture with the national states, the implementation of an inclusion policy based on the right to be different. Current analysis discusses the results of a cultural revival project developed through the register of narratives by the indigene elderly people with regard to the Nimongarai baptism ritual and pedagogical interventions in schools in the state of Paraná.

Store og små fortællinger: Ritual og fællesskab blandt irakiske kvinder i København

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Marianne Holm Pedersen

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Inden for den antropologiske migrationsforskning har studier af fællesskab primært beskæftiget sig med fællesskaber relateret til migranternes nationale, religiøse eller politiske identiteter. Det er dog vigtigt også at inddrage de konkrete, sociale relationer, der opstår mellem migranterne det sted, hvor de bor. Denne artikel diskuterer, hvordan shia-muslimske irakiske kvinder i København igennemderes religiøse aktiviteter skaber forskellige former for fællesskab. Med udgangspunkt i en analyse af kalenderritualet muharram undersøger den, hvordan kvinderne i selve ritualet relaterer sig til religiøse og nationale fællesskaber, og hvorledes kvindernes øvrige sociale samvær kan lede til mere konkrete fællesskaber, der dog også har deres begrænsninger.Great and Small Stories: Ritual and Community among Iraqi Women in CopenhagenAnthropological research on migration has primarily studied the topic of community in relation to migrants' national, religious, or political identities. Yet, it is important to also explore the concrete, social relations that develop among imigrants at the place where they are currently living. This article investigates how Shia Muslim Iraqi women in Copenhagen use religious rituals and stories to construct different kinds of community. Based on an analysis of the calendrical rite of Muharram, it examines the ways in which the women through the ritualrelate to abstract communities drawing on their religious and national identities. It also explores how women's other social interactions may lead to more concretecommunities that are based on shared presence, activities, and the exchange of gossip and personal stories. The religious milieu gains its importance because women can negotiate their sense of belonging in relation to both their socio-culturalbackground and their everyday lives as part of an ethnic minority in Denmark. Nevertheless, the sense of community constructed among women does

CRISIS ECONÓMICA, DECRECIMIENTO Y RITUALES DE INTERACCIÓN: UN CAMINO A LA SOSTENIBILIDAD

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Juan Manuel Iranzo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La crisis socioeconómica iniciada en 2008 comenzó como una clásica crisis de sobreacumulación propiciada por décadas de políticas neoliberales, pero su desencadenante fue un alza del precio de los hidrocarburos y las materias primas, resultado de un crecimiento económico injusto y desigual que rebasó los límites de provisión de la Tierra respecto a la demanda de ese momento. La “Teoría” del decrecimiento asume que la economía global supera la capacidad de sustentación del planeta y se dirige al colapso. Para evitarlo propone aumentar las actividades vinculadas al desarrollo humano y que requieran escasas materialidades, adecuar armónicamente la titularidad de los medios de producción a requisitos de idoneidad técnica, eficiencia, sostenibilidad, resiliencia y justicia social, y decrecer las estructuras de acumulación indefinida de capital y el consumo de masas. Es posible una vida buena con menos consumo, pero este parece adictivo. La Teoría de los rituales de interacción sugiere que un rediseño de estos que, simultáneamente, aumente su densidad e idoneidad existencial y emocional y los reoriente hacia la sostenibilidad puede contribuir a la transición a una sociedad sostenible.

La Artesania Mexicana (Mexican Handicrafts).

Science.gov (United States)

Steele, Bettina

This booklet contains instructions in English and Spanish for making eleven typical Mexican craft articles. The instructions are accompanied by pen-and-ink drawings. The objects are (1) "La Rosa" (The Rose); (2) "El Crisantemo" (The Chrysanthemum); (3) "La Amapola" (The Poppy); (4) "Ojos de Dios" (God's Eyes); (5) "Ojitos con dos caras" (Two-Sided…

Natural Disasters, Gender and Handicrafts

OpenAIRE

Takasaki, Yoshito

2012-01-01

Using original post-disaster household survey data gathered in rural Fiji, this article explores the disaster–gender nexus. Female-headed households are disadvantaged, not because of bias against them in disaster damage or relief, but because of a newly emerging gendered division of labour for dwelling rehabilitation that tightens their constraints on intra-household labour allocation. Female-headed households with damaged dwellings resort to female labour activities connected with informal r...

Paper Prototyping: The Surplus Merit of a Multi-Method Approach

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Stephanie Bettina Linek

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This article describes a multi-method approach for usability testing. The approach combines paper prototyping and think-aloud with two supplemental methods: advanced scribbling and a handicraft task. The method of advanced scribbling instructs the participants to use different colors for marking important, unnecessary and confusing elements in a paper prototype. In the handicraft task the participants have to tinker a paper prototype of their wish version. Both methods deliver additional information on the needs and expectations of the potential users and provide helpful indicators for clarifying complex or contradictory findings. The multi-method approach and its surplus benefit are illustrated by a pilot study on the redesign of the homepage of a library 2.0. The findings provide positive evidence for the applicability of the advanced scribbling and the handicraft task as well as for the surplus merit of the multi-method approach. The article closes with a discussion and outlook. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs150379

El bizutage: ritual y reproducción social en la enseñanza superior francesa

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Leflaive, Gabrielle

2003-12-01

Full Text Available The author analyzes the bizutage, a ritualized tradition of raggings that until recently characterized a particular sector of the French university system, that of the "prépas" and the ''Grandes Ecoles". After presenting the defining traits and history of this education system, and interpreting the bizutage´s symbolic and social components —space, time, actors, language, trials and punishments—, the author argues that the bizutage truly constituted a rite of initiation, with its three well defined parts: separation, margin and incorporation. The rite facilitated the social reproduction of a relationship of domination —that expressed in the degrees of the Grandes Ecoles— and the perpetuation of an élite. It also created a "distinction". The public debate about the recent prohibition of the bizutage reveals the extent to which the true nature of the Grandes Ecoles, i.e. their social elitism, is concealed. The selection rules at the Grandes Ecoles are presented as based upon the "natural" criteria of intellectual ability and individual effort.

El artículo es un estudio del bizutage, conjunto ritualizado de novatadas practicado hasta hace poco en un sector específico de la enseñanza superior francesa: el de las ''prepas" y las ''Grandes Ecoles". Tras analizar las características de este sistema de enseñanza y su historia, y tras una interpretación de los elementos simbólicos y sociales del bizutage —espacio, tiempo, actores, lenguaje, pruebas y castigos—, se muestra que el ritual constituía una verdadera iniciación con sus tres partes bien definidas: separación, margen y agregación; una iniciación que permitía la reproducción social de unas relaciones de dominación basadas en los títulos de las Grandes Ecoles, la perpetuación de una élite y la creación de una "distinción". El debate en torno a la reciente

Ritual Pengikut Tarekat Shâdhilîyah di Tambak Beras, Jombang-Jawa Timur

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Abdullah Safik

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This article tries to phenomenologically examines the existence of the Shâdhilîyah tarekat supervised by KH. Djamaluddin in Tambak Beras, Jombang. The Shâdhîlîyah tarekat, that had been initiated by Abû Hasan al-Shâdhilî, is an exceptional and consistent in holding and practicing its tawhid principle as well as dhikr rituals. In Indonesia, this tarekat has rapidly evolved. One of its murshid is KH. Abdul Jalil Mustaqim in Tulungagung, the murshid to KH. Djamaluddin. The tarekat has two main doctrines, are: firstly, ‘ubûdîyah realm where its followers are obliged to phisically and mentally obey Allah swt and His messenger, i.e. the prophet Muhammad, in all their sayings and deeds. Secondly, mu‘âmalah aspect where each follower is taught to interact with other people and creatures only for the sake of Allah. It means that the tarekat is a medium of self approaching to Allah. One of special rites (khusûsîyah conducted by this tarekat is an every-Tuesday agenda where dhikr, tawassul, tahlîl, and tahmîd activities are held. Technically, a sâlik when s/he recites dhikr should be followed by breathing in which is concentrated in the navel and going on top through thoracic cavity and coming out through the mouth then retracting it back to tongue.

Ritual, identidad y transnacionalización en una celebración budista: el Vesak en la Argentina

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Catón Eduardo Carini

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo indaga etnográficamente la festividad más importante del calendario budista: el Vesak. Conmemorada en la luna llena del mes de mayo, la ocasión celebra el nacimiento, iluminación y muerte del Buda. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la recepción del Vesak en las diversas comunidades que integran el budismo en Argentina, las formas de apropiación y resignificación de este ritual y la visibilización que adquiere en el espacio público local. En primer lugar, el escrito describe la ceremonia realizada en el Barrio Chino de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en el año 2014. Luego, examina los diferentes actores sociales involucrados en la celebración, haciendo especial énfasis en los usos políticos y las formas de apropiación simbólica de esta festividad. Finalmente, profundiza en la cuestión de la transnacionalización, la identidad y la imaginación religiosa que gira en torno al fenómeno estudiado. 

A Learning Tool and Program Development for Mechatronics Design Education

Science.gov (United States)

Iribe, Masatsugu; Shirahata, Akihiro; Kita, Hiromasa; Sasashige, Yousuke; Dasai, Ryoichi

In this paper we propose a new type educational program for Mechatronics design which contributes to develop the physical sense and problem solving ability of the students who study Mechatronics design. For this program we provide a new handicraft kit of 4-wheeled car which is composed of inexpensive and commonplace parts, and the performance of the assembled 4-wheeled car is sensitive to its assembly arrangement. And then we implemented this program with the handicraft kit to the university freshmen, and verified its effectiveness, and report the results of the program.

Bare Rocks and Fallen Angels: Environmental Change, Climate Perceptions and Ritual Practice in the Peruvian Andes

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Karsten Paerregaard

2013-05-01

Full Text Available One of the many dimensions of globalization is climate change that in recent years has caused much concern in the developed world. The aim of this article is to explore how people living on the margins of the global world conceive climate change. Drawing on ethnographic field data from the 1980s and today it examines how the ritual practice and the religious belief of a rural community in the Peruvian Andes has changed during the last 27 years and how the villagers perceive this change. It argues that the villagers traditionally conceive the environment as co-habited by humans and non-humans but that recent environmental change in the Andes has caused a shift in this world-view. Today, many villagers have adopted the global vocabulary on climate change and are concerned with their own impact in the environment. However, the villagers reject the idea that it is human activities in other parts of the world that cause environmental problems in their community and claim that these must be addressed locally. It suggests that even though the villagers’ reluctance to subscribe to the global discourse of climate change makes them look like the companions of climate skeptics in the developed world, their reasons are very different.

Chemical imaging techniques for the analysis of complex mixtures: New application to the characterization of ritual matters on African wooden statuettes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mazel, Vincent; Richardin, Pascale; Touboul, David; Brunelle, Alain; Walter, Philippe; Laprevote, Olivier

2006-01-01

Chemical imaging techniques, based on the combination of microscopy and spectroscopy, are well suited to study both the composition and the spatial organization of heterogeneous complex mixtures of organic and mineral matter. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), followed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR microscopy) have been applied to non-destructive analysis of micro-samplings of ritual matters deposited on the surface of African wooden statuettes. With a very careful preparation, using ultramicrotomy on embedded samples, it was possible to perform successively all the measurements on a single fragment. Comparison and superposition of the different chemical images, obtained on a sample from a significant actual artefact, have allowed us to identify minerals (clays, quartz and calcium carbonate), proteins, starch, urate salts and lipids and to map their spatial distribution

La experiencia de la traducción como apropiación simbólica y práctica ritual en los nasa, Colombia

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Jairo Tocancipá-Falla

2015-09-01

Full Text Available In general terms, the idea of translating offers a conventional sense of bridging the linguistic gaps between different languages. However, the implications of undertaking such a task among ethnic groups are rarely examined, at least in a practical sense that transcends the plane of a mere understanding of the words. This thoughtful article seeks to document the experience of translating a book from English into Spanish (the latter being a generalized language amongst the Nasa people in southwestern Colombia and its symbolic and ritual appropriation. The article argues that this type of experience shows a way of understanding and appropriating writing as a symbolic instance of power and transformation, and thus it contributes to transcending the conventional concept of translation and entering new intercultural domains.

Potensi Pengembangan Investasi Berbasis Ekonomi Kreatif Di Kota Denpasar

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Ni Luh Putu Wiagustini

2017-08-01

Full Text Available This research aimed to analyze Investment Potentials and Investment Business Climate based on Creative Economies in Denpasar City. To achieve this research objective, Location Quotient (LQ, Anova, and Performance-Importance Analysis techniques were employed. This study utilized both secondary and primary data. The results showed that creative economy-based investment potentials and those which were expandable in Denpasar City including: Handicraft, Printing and Publishing, Fashion, Culinary and Music. There were differences in the impact of Number of Workforce and Investment and Economic Value per Creative Economy Sub-Sector as follows: the workforce posed significant impact on Handicraft, Printing and Culinary; while Investment and Economic Value significantly impacted Handicraft, Fashion and Culinary. Developments of creative economy-based investments which need to be prioritized, given attention to and properly handled by Denpasar City Government including: (i Operational efficiency assistance, (ii Product marketing assistance, (iii Assistance in human resources quality improvement, (iv Assistance in funding fulfillment through loans, (v Assistance in maintenance of activity sustainability, (vi Government assistance in product distributions.