OSCILLATING FILAMENTS. I. OSCILLATION AND GEOMETRICAL FRAGMENTATION

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gritschneder, Matthias; Heigl, Stefan; Burkert, Andreas, E-mail: gritschm@usm.uni-muenchen.de [University Observatory Munich, LMU Munich, Scheinerstrasse 1, D-81679 Munich (Germany)

2017-01-10

We study the stability of filaments in equilibrium between gravity and internal as well as external pressure using the grid-based AMR code RAMSES. A homogeneous, straight cylinder below a critical line mass is marginally stable. However, if the cylinder is bent, such as with a slight sinusoidal perturbation, an otherwise stable configuration starts to oscillate, is triggered into fragmentation, and collapses. This previously unstudied behavior allows a filament to fragment at any given scale, as long as it has slight bends. We call this process “geometrical fragmentation.” In our realization, the spacing between the cores matches the wavelength of the sinusoidal perturbation, whereas up to now, filaments were thought to be only fragmenting on the characteristic scale set by the mass-to-line ratio. Using first principles, we derive the oscillation period as well as the collapse timescale analytically. To enable a direct comparison with observations, we study the line-of-sight velocity for different inclinations. We show that the overall oscillation pattern can hide the infall signature of cores.

Gamma Radiation from Fission Fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Higbie, Jack

1969-10-01

The gamma radiation from the fragments of the thermal neutron fission of 235 U has been investigated, and the preliminary data are presented here with suggestions for further lines of research and some possible interpretations of the data. The data have direct bearing on the fission process and the mode of fragment de-excitation. The parameters measured are the radiation decay curve for the time interval (1 - 7) x 10 -10 sec after fission, the photon yield, the total gamma ray energy yield, and the average photon energy. The last three quantities are measured as a function of the fragment mass

Gamma Radiation from Fission Fragments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Higbie, Jack

1969-10-15

The gamma radiation from the fragments of the thermal neutron fission of {sup 235}U has been investigated, and the preliminary data are presented here with suggestions for further lines of research and some possible interpretations of the data. The data have direct bearing on the fission process and the mode of fragment de-excitation. The parameters measured are the radiation decay curve for the time interval (1 - 7) x 10{sup -10} sec after fission, the photon yield, the total gamma ray energy yield, and the average photon energy. The last three quantities are measured as a function of the fragment mass.

[Biologically active fragment of the differentiation factor from HL-60 cell line. Identification and properties].

Science.gov (United States)

Kostanian, I A; Astapova, M V; Navolotskaia, E V; Lepikhova, T N; Dranitsyna, S M; Telegin, G B; Rodionov, I L; Baĭdakova, L K; Zolotarev, Iu A; Molotkovskaia, I M; Lipkin, V M

2000-07-01

Six-membered peptide fragment TGENHR (HLDF-6) was identified in the HL-60 cell culture of human promyelocyte leukemia treated with retinoic acid when studying the differentiation factor HLDF of this cell line. HLDF-6 retains the ability of the full-size factor to induce the differentiation and arrest the proliferation of the starting HL-60 cells. It was shown that the synthetic peptide HLDF-6 has no specific receptors on the surface of the HL-60 cells but can affect the binding of interleukin IL-1 beta, a cytokine involved in proliferation, to the cell surface. It was found on a model of transplantable NSO myeloma that HLDF-6 has an antitumor activity.

Rastros de memória e fagulhas da criação em Cinzas do Norte

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Roniere Silva Menezes

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho objetiva investigar o emprego do conceito de memória no processo criativo do romance Cinzas do Norte, de Milton Hatoum. São estabelecidas relações entre a vida do autor e a sua obra, a partir do conceito de “biografema” estabelecido por Roland Barthes. Relações entre vivência, memória, esquecimento e invenção serão abordadas, assim como diálogos entre literatura, memória, corpo e História contemporânea do Brasil. A estrutura do enredo de Cinzas do Norte reflete a perspectiva de trabalhos fragmentários com a memória. A mescla entre cartas, relatos e foco narrativo reconfiguram modalidades mais tradicionais do gênero memorialístico. Todavia, o discurso ainda se prende a um posicionamento ligado, em última instância, à voz do narrador, responsável este por reorganizar os diversos textos e gêneros que se alternam no livro. 

Universal odd-even staggering in isotopic fragmentation and spallation cross sections of neutron-rich fragments

Science.gov (United States)

Mei, B.; Tu, X. L.; Wang, M.

2018-04-01

An evident odd-even staggering (OES) in fragment cross sections has been experimentally observed in many fragmentation and spallation reactions. However, quantitative comparisons of this OES effect in different reaction systems are still scarce for neutron-rich nuclei near the neutron drip line. By employing a third-order difference formula, the magnitudes of this OES in extensive experimental cross sections are systematically investigated for many neutron-rich nuclei with (N -Z ) from 1 to 23 over a broad range of atomic numbers (Z ≈3 -50 ). A comparison of these magnitude values extracted from fragment cross sections measured in different fragmentation and spallation reactions with a large variety of projectile-target combinations over a wide energy range reveals that the OES magnitude is almost independent of the projectile-target combinations and the projectile energy. The weighted average of these OES magnitudes derived from cross sections accurately measured in different reaction systems is adopted as the evaluation value of the OES magnitude. These evaluated OES magnitudes are recommended to be used in fragmentation and spallation models to improve their predictions for fragment cross sections.

Comparison of Drosophilidae (Diptera) assemblages from two highland Araucaria Forest fragments, with and without environmental conservation policies

OpenAIRE

Cavasini, R; Buschini, MLT; Machado, LPB; Mateus, RP

2014-01-01

Flies from the Drosophilidae family are model organisms for biological studies and are often suggested as bioindicators of environmental quality. The Araucaria Forest, one of Atlantic Forest phyto-physiognomy, displays a highly fragmented distribution due to the expansion of agriculture and urbanization. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate and compare the drosophilid assemblages from two highland Araucaria Forest fragments, one a conservation unit (PMA – Parque Municipal das Araucárias) and the...

On the fragmentation of filaments in a molecular cloud simulation

Science.gov (United States)

Chira, R.-A.; Kainulainen, J.; Ibáñez-Mejía, J. C.; Henning, Th.; Mac Low, M.-M.

2018-03-01

Context. The fragmentation of filaments in molecular clouds has attracted a lot of attention recently as there seems to be a close relation between the evolution of filaments and star formation. The study of the fragmentation process has been motivated by simple analytical models. However, only a few comprehensive studies have analysed the evolution of filaments using numerical simulations where the filaments form self-consistently as part of large-scale molecular cloud evolution. Aim. We address the early evolution of parsec-scale filaments that form within individual clouds. In particular, we focus on three questions: How do the line masses of filaments evolve? How and when do the filaments fragment? How does the fragmentation relate to the line masses of the filaments? Methods: We examine three simulated molecular clouds formed in kiloparsec-scale numerical simulations performed with the FLASH adaptive mesh refinement magnetohydrodynamic code. The simulations model a self-gravitating, magnetised, stratified, supernova-driven interstellar medium, including photoelectric heating and radiative cooling. We follow the evolution of the clouds for 6 Myr from the time self-gravity starts to act. We identify filaments using the DisPerSe algorithm, and compare the results to other filament-finding algorithms. We determine the properties of the identified filaments and compare them with the predictions of analytic filament stability models. Results: The average line masses of the identified filaments, as well as the fraction of mass in filamentary structures, increases fairly continuously after the onset of self-gravity. The filaments show fragmentation starting relatively early: the first fragments appear when the line masses lie well below the critical line mass of Ostriker's isolated hydrostatic equilibrium solution ( 16 M⊙ pc-1), commonly used as a fragmentation criterion. The average line masses of filaments identified in three-dimensional volume density cubes

DNA fragmentation and apoptosis induced by safranal in human prostate cancer cell line

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Saeed Samarghandian

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Objectives: Apoptosis, an important mechanism that contributes to cell growth reduction, is reported to be induced by Crocus sativus (Saffron in different cancer types. However, limited effort has been made to correlate these effects to the active ingredients of saffron. The present study was designed to elucidate cytotoxic and apoptosis induction by safranal, the major coloring compound in saffron, in a human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3. Materials and Methods: PC-3 and human fetal lung fibroblast (MRC-5 cells were cultured and exposed to safranal (5, 10, 15, and 20 μg/ml. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay was performed to assess cytotoxicity. DNA fragmentation was assessed by gel electrophoresis. Cells were incubated with different concentrations of safranal, and cell morphologic changes and apoptosis were determined by the normal inverted microscope, Annexin V, and propidium iodide, followed by flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Results: MTT assay revealed a remarkable and concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of safranal on PC-3 cells in comparison with non-malignant cell line. The morphologic alterations of the cells confirmed the MTT results. The IC 50 values against PC-3 cells were found to be 13.0 ΁ 0.07 and 6.4 ΁ 0.09 μg/ml at 48 and 72 h, respectively. Safranal induced an early and late apoptosis in the flow cytometry histogram of treated cells, indicating apoptosis is involved in this toxicity. DNA analysis revealed typical ladders as early as 48 and 72 h after treatment, indicative of apoptosis. Conclusions: Our preclinical study demonstrated a prostate cancer cell line to be highly sensitive to safranal-mediated growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death. Although the molecular mechanisms of safranal action are not clearly understood, it appears to have potential as a therapeutic agent.

DNA fragmentation and cell death mediated by T cell antigen receptor/CD3 complex on a leukemia T cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Takahashi, S; Maecker, H T; Levy, R

1989-10-01

An anti-T cell receptor (TcR) monoclonal antibody (mAb), LC4, directed against a human leukemic T cell line, SUP-T13, caused DNA fragmentation ("apoptosis") and cell death upon binding to this cell line. Cross-linking of receptor molecules was necessary for this effect since F(ab')2, but not Fab', fragments of LC4 could induce cell death. Five anti-CD3 mAb tested also caused apoptosis, but only when they were presented on a solid phase. Interestingly, soluble anti-CD3 mAb induced calcium flux and had an additive effect on the calcium flux and interleukin 2 receptor expression induced by LC4, but these anti-CD3 mAb reversed the growth inhibition and apoptosis caused by LC4. The calcium ionophore A23187, but not the protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), also induced apoptosis, suggesting that protein kinase C activation alone does not cause apoptosis, although PMA is growth inhibitory. These results suggest that two distinct biological phenomena can accompany stimulation of the TcR/CD3 complex. In both cases, calcium flux and interleukin 2 receptor expression is induced, but only in one case is apoptosis and cell death seen. The signal initiating apoptosis can be selectively prevented by binding CD3 portion of the receptor in this cell line. This difference in signals mediated by the TcR/CD3 complex may be important in explaining the process of thymic selection, as well as in choosing anti-TcR mAb for therapeutic use.

Radioimmunological assay of the biologically active fragment of the human parathyroid hormone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desplan, C.; Jullienne, A.; Raulais, D.; Rivaille, P.; Barlet, J.P.; Moukthar, M.S.; Milhaud, G.

1977-01-01

The authors describe a RIA of the biologically active fraction (N-terminal) of human parathyroid hormone. This homologous test uses antibodies obtained in goats against a N-terminal 1-34 fragment of hPTH synthetised according to the method of Niall and Coll. In this system, natural hPTH of different origin (extracts from parathyroid adenomas, adenomal culture medium, hyperparathyroid plasma, adsorption chromatography extract of normal human plasma) behaved in the same manner as the synthetic reference hormone 1-34 hPTHN. The RIA detected PTH in 65% of the normal subjects and distinguished the normal values from the values of hyperparathyroid patients, which makes it suitable for clinical practice. (AJ) [de

RIA Beam Dynamics Comparing TRACK to IMPACT

CERN Document Server

Mustapha, Brahim; Ostroumov, Peter; Qiang, Ji; Ryne, Robert D

2005-01-01

In order to benchmark the newly developed beam dynamics code TRACK we have performed comparisons with well established existing codes. During code development, codes like TRANSPORT, COSY, GIOS and RAYTRACE were used to check TRACK's implementation of the different beam line elements. To benchmark the end-to-end simulation of the RIA driver linac, the simulation of the low-energy part (from the ion source to the entrance of the SC linac) was compared with PARMTEQ and found to agree well. For the simulation of the SC linac the code IMPACT is used. Prior to these simulations, the code IMPACT had to be updated to meet the special requirements of the RIA driver linac. Features such as multiple charge state acceleration, stripper simulation and beam collimation were added to the code. IMPACT was also modified to support new types of rf cavities and to include fringe fields for all the elements. This paper will present a comparison of the beam dynamics simulation in the RIA driver linac between the codes TRACK and I...

Ventricular Tachycardia from a Central Line Fracture Fragment Embolus: A Rare Complication of a Commonly Used Procedure—A Case Report and Review of the Relevant Literature

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Saptarshi Biswas

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A 22-year-old male admitted with multiple gunshot wounds (GSW had central line placed initially for hemodynamic monitoring and later for long term antibiotics and total parenteral nutrition (TPN. On postoperative day 4 he presented with bouts of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia; the cause was unknown initially and later attributed to a catheter fragment accidentally severed and lodged in the right heart. Percutaneous retrieval technique was used to successfully extract the catheter fragment and complete recovery was achieved.

The program LISE: a simulation of fragment separators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bazin, D.; Tarasov, O.; Lewitowicz, M.; Sorlin, O.

2001-01-01

The program LISE, which simulates the operation of fragment separators, used in the production of radioactive beams via fragmentation is described. Various aspects of the physical phenomenon involved in the production of such radioactive beams are discussed. They include fragmentation cross sections, energy losses in materials, ionic charge state distributions, as well as ion optics calculations and acceptance effects. Among the goals of this program is a highly user-friendly environment, designed not only to forecast intensities and purities for future experiments, but also as a tuning tool during experiments where its results can be quickly compared to on-line data. In addition, several general purpose tools such as a physical parameters calculator, a database of nuclei properties, and relativistic two-body kinematics calculations make it also attractive in experiments where radioactive beams are not involved. After a general description of fragment separators, the principles underlying the calculations are presented, followed by a practical description of the program and its many features. Finally, a few examples of calculations are compared to on-line data, both qualitatively and quantitatively

Quantification of apoptotic DNA fragmentation in a transformed uterine epithelial cell line, HRE-H9, using capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detector (CE-LIF).

Science.gov (United States)

Fiscus, R R; Leung, C P; Yuen, J P; Chan, H C

2001-01-01

Apoptotic cell death of uterine epithelial cells is thought to play an important role in the onset of menstruation and the successful implantation of an embryo during early pregnancy. Abnormal apoptosis in these cells can result in dysmenorrhoea and infertility. In addition, decreased rate of epithelial apoptosis likely contributes to endometriosis. A key step in the onset of apoptosis in these cells is cleavage of the genomic DNA between nucleosomes, resulting in polynucleosomal-sized fragments of DNA. The conventional technique for assessing apoptotic DNA fragmentation uses agarose (slab) gel electrophoresis (i.e. DNA laddering). However, recent technological advances in the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE), particularly the introduction of the laser-induced fluorescence detector (LIF), has made it possible to perform DNA laddering with improved automation and much greater sensitivity. In the present study, we have further developed the CE-LIF technique by using a DNA standard curve to quantify accurately the amount of DNA in the apoptotic DNA fragments and have applied this new quantitative technique to study apoptosis in a transformed uterine epithelial cell line, the HRE-H9 cells. Apoptosis was induced in the HRE-H9 cells by serum deprivation for 5, 7 and 24 h, resulting in increased DNA fragmentation of 2.2-, 3.1- and 6.2-fold, respectively, above the 0 h or plus-serum controls. This ultrasensitive CE-LIF technique provides a novel method for accurately measuring the actions of pro- or anti-apoptotic agents or conditions on uterine epithelial cell lines. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.

HISTÓRIAS DE RETIRANTES: RUÍNAS LITERÁRIAS NO CINEMA

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Elisabete Alfeld Rodrigues

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Em O caminho das nuvens, Vicente Amorim conta a história da retirada de uma família do interior nordestino para a região sudeste. Uma história que já foi muitas vezes contada, por exemplo, em Vidas Secas: primeiro, na literatura, por Graciliano Ramos e, depois, no cinema, por Nélson Pereira dos Santos. Na retirada contada por Amorim, a migração não ocorre pelos passos na aridez do sertão; ela acontece por bicicletas nas rodovias, estradas e pequenas cidades que a família – pai, mãe e cinco filhos – percorre para chegar à cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A família se desloca da Paraíba em busca de um emprego de mil reais por mês que só pode ser encontrado no sudeste do Brasil – este motivo desencadeador parte de uma história factual. O filme é uma releitura que resgata a literatura, o cinema e a história factual promovendo uma relação dialógica construída por fragmentos das várias histórias.

Application of DNA fingerprints for cell-line individualization.

OpenAIRE

Gilbert, D A; Reid, Y A; Gail, M H; Pee, D; White, C; Hay, R J; O'Brien, S J

1990-01-01

DNA fingerprints of 46 human cell lines were derived using minisatellite probes for hypervariable genetic loci. The incidence of 121 HaeIII DNA fragments among 33 cell lines derived from unrelated individuals was used to estimate allelic and genotypic frequencies for each fragment and for composite individual DNA fingerprints. We present a quantitative estimate of the extent of genetic difference between individuals, an estimate based on the percentage of restriction fragments at which they d...

Berkeley Off-line Radioisotope Generator (BORG)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sudowe, Ralf; Patin, Joshua B.

2001-01-01

Development of chemical separations for the transactinides has traditionally been performed with longer-lived tracer activities purchased commercially. With these long-lived tracers, there is always the potential problem that the tracer atoms are not always in the same chemical form as the short-lived atoms produced in on-line experiments. This problem is especially severe for elements in groups 4 and 5 of the periodic table, where hydrolysis is present. The long-lived tracers usually are stored with a complexing agent to prevent sorption or precipitation. Chemistry experiments performed with these long-lived tracers are therefore not analogous to those chemical experiments performed in on-line experiments. One way to eliminate the differences between off-line and on-line chemistry experiments is through the use of a 252 Cf fission fragment collection device. A 252 Cf fission fragment collection device has already been constructed [1]. This device is limited in its capabilities. A new fission fragment device would allow the study of the chemical properties of the homologues of the heaviest elements. This new device would be capable of producing fission fragments for fast gas chemistry and aqueous chemistry experiments, long-lived tracers for model system development and neutrons for neutron activation. Fission fragment activities produced in this way should have the same chemical form as those produced in Cyclotron irradiations. The simple operation of this source will allow more rapid and reliable development of radiochemical separations with homologues of transactinide elements

Tratamento cirúrgico da artéria coronária direita intra-atrial

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José Carlos R. IGLÉZIAS

1997-07-01

Full Text Available A localização intracavitária da artéria coronária é rara. Segundo Ochsner & Mills (1, ela ocorreu com a artéria coronária direita em 0,9% e com o ramo interventricular em 0,2%. A localização da lesão e as condições patológicas relacionadas ao comprimento e diâmetro da coronária podem auxiliar na exposição da coronária intracavitária para uma revascularização apropriada. Freqüentemente os cirurgiões não estão habituados com a posição intracavitária e, durante a dissecção, podem abrir uma câmara cardíaca onde o vaso penetra. Os problemas que podem advir dai são a entrada de ar para a cavidade, a dificuldade na exposição do vaso, o sangramento e a obstrução da artéria durante o fechamento da miotomia. São relatados os casos de 3 pacientes que necessitaram de revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio e que apresentavam a artéria coronária direita intracavitária. A localização e o comprimento da porção intracavitária da artéria auxiliam no manejo intra-operatório. A técnica utilizada para o fechamento da cavidade variou entre a anastomose na posição intracavitária com o fechamento da miotomia ao redor do enxerto (Figura 1, a liberação da artéria coronária para uma posição superficial (Figura 2, seguida da anastomose e fechamento da cavidade com sutura simples, feita subepicárdica.An intracavitary location of a coronary artery is rare in our surgical experience with revascularization. This variant has occured in the right coronary artery (0.01% and in left anterior descending coronary artery (0.2%. The location of the lesion and the pathological condition, length and size of the coronary may dictate exposure of an intracavitary coronary artery for proper revascularization; more commonly surgeons are anaware of the intracavitary position and during intramyocardial dissection of an artery will open a cardiac chamber where the vessel traverses the cavity. Problems that arise are introducion

The mechanism of thioacetamide-induced apoptosis in the L37 albumin-SV40 T-antigen transgenic rat hepatocyte-derived cell line occurs without DNA fragmentation.

Science.gov (United States)

Bulera, S J; Sattler, C A; Gast, W L; Heath, S; Festerling, T A; Pitot, H C

1998-10-01

The hepatotoxicant thioacetamide (TH) has classically been used as a model to study hepatic necrosis; however, recent studies have shown that TH can also induce apoptosis. In this report we demonstrate that 2.68+/-0.54% of the albumin-SV40 T-antigen transgenic rat hepatocytes undergo TH-induced apoptosis, a level comparable to other in vivo models of liver apoptosis. In addition, TH could induce apoptosis and necrosis in the L37 albumin-SV40 T-antigen transgenic rat liver-derived cell line. Examination of dying L37 cells treated with 100 mM TH by electron microscopy revealed distinct morphological characteristics that could be attributed to apoptosis. Quantitation of apoptosis by FACS analysis 24 h after treatment with 100 mM TH revealed that 81.3+/-1.6% of the cells were undergoing apoptosis. In contrast, when L37 cells were treated with 250 mM TH, cells exhibited characteristics consistent with necrotic cell death. DNA fragmentation ladders were produced by growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis; however, in 100 mM TH-induced apoptosis, DNA fragmentation ladders were not observed. Analysis of endonuclease activity in L37 cells revealed that the enzymes were not inactivated in the presence of 100 mM TH. The data presented in this report indicate that the L37 cell line could be used to study the mechanism of TH-induced apoptosis that was not mediated through a mechanism requiring DNA fragmentation.

Computational needs for the RIA accelerator systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ostroumov, P.N.; Nolen, J.A.; Mustapha, B.

2006-01-01

This paper discusses the computational needs for the full design and simulation of the RIA accelerator systems. Beam dynamics simulations are essential to first define and optimize the architectural design for both the driver linac and the post-accelerator. They are also important to study different design options and various off-normal modes in order to decide on the most-performing and cost-effective design. Due to the high-intensity primary beams, the beam-stripper interaction is a source of both radioactivation and beam contamination and should be carefully investigated and simulated for proper beam collimation and shielding. The targets and fragment separators area needs also very special attention in order to reduce any radiological hazards by careful shielding design. For all these simulations parallel computing is an absolute necessity

Differentiating Fragmentation Pathways of Cholesterol by Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry.

Science.gov (United States)

van Agthoven, Maria A; Barrow, Mark P; Chiron, Lionel; Coutouly, Marie-Aude; Kilgour, David; Wootton, Christopher A; Wei, Juan; Soulby, Andrew; Delsuc, Marc-André; Rolando, Christian; O'Connor, Peter B

2015-12-01

Two-dimensional Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry is a data-independent analytical method that records the fragmentation patterns of all the compounds in a sample. This study shows the implementation of atmospheric pressure photoionization with two-dimensional (2D) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. In the resulting 2D mass spectrum, the fragmentation patterns of the radical and protonated species from cholesterol are differentiated. This study shows the use of fragment ion lines, precursor ion lines, and neutral loss lines in the 2D mass spectrum to determine fragmentation mechanisms of known compounds and to gain information on unknown ion species in the spectrum. In concert with high resolution mass spectrometry, 2D Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry can be a useful tool for the structural analysis of small molecules. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.

Memórias sobre a história de uma cidade: a História como labirinto Memories about the history of a city: the history as a labyrinth

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Lana Mara de Castro Siman

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, desenvolve-se a argumentação de que a escrita da história de cidades elaborada por meio do diálogo entre a memória e a História pode oferecer possibilidades de aprendermos a nelas nos perder para nelas nos reencontrar, num tempo labirintítico. A idéia do labirinto é inspirada em Walter Benjamin (1985, 1994 e em outros que trabalham nessa tradição teórica e representa uma contraposição à compreensão do tempo histórico forjado na modernidade. Enquanto este é linear, vazio, homogêneo, o tempo labirintítico é múltiplo, não-linear, repleto de possibilidades inscritas nas relações do presente com passado e futuro. Para decifrá-lo, é necessária a aprendizagem da leitura indiciária - dos sinais, dos signos, das ruínas, das marcas, dos gestos, dos silêncios, - deixados pela ação dos homens e relatados pelos seus testemunhos. É, também, em Benjamin que se apóia a idéia de que a história como labirinto é contada pelo narrador que narra a sua experiência histórica. A escrita híbrida da história - entre a História e a memória -, base para o desenvolvimento da referida argumentação, é fruto de uma pesquisa com fontes orais e outros conhecimentos históricos, elaborada para uma dissertação de mestrado defendida pela autora do artigo, sobre a história de Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais.In this article, it is developed an argumentation concerning the writing of the history of the cities being elaborated through the dialogue between the memory and the History. This argumentation is based on the idea of this kind of writing offer possibilities of learning to lose ourselves inside the memory and the History and to find ourselves again through them, in a labyrinth time. The idea of the labyrinth is inspired in Walter Benjamim (1985,1994 as well in others who work in this theoretical line. It represents a counter-position to the understanding of historical time constructed in modern time. While the

ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA E MEMÓRIA SOCIAL: A ARGUMENTAÇÃO COMO POSSIBILIDADE PEDAGÓGICA PARA A HISTÓRIA ENSINADA

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Patricia Bastos de Azevedo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Este texto é fruto da pesquisa desenvolvida no mestrado em Educação, no período de 2000 a 2003, na Universidade Federal Fluminense. Buscou-se identificar como os elementos história e memória se constituem no espaço da sala de aula e produzem, assim, a história ensinada. A teoria habermasiana da ação comunicativa é o principal alicerce teórico desta pesquisa; dessa forma, procurou-se relacionar essa teoria com a construção da memória social e seu papel no fazer pedagógico da sala de aula de história.

A biotecnologia na agropecuária

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João Lúcio de Azevedo

1986-11-01

Full Text Available This review reports the use of biotechnology in agriculture and animal husbandry. The main techniques and the most important products both in experimental stage or in commercial use are reported. The work intends to give a global vision to the theme, chronologically and spacely, showing the main lines of research and what has been obtained in this area. The techniques and products that are related to genetics and breeding are emphasized. Revisão Bibliográfica do emprego da biotecnologia na agropecuária, mostrando um levantamento das técnicas mais promissoras e de seus principais produtos, tanto em fase experimental como em uso comercial. Pretende-se dar uma visão global do assunto, cronológica e espacialmente, não se prendendo à detalhes, mostrando, em Unhas gerais, o que foi feito e o que se faz, atualmente, em biotecnologia. As técnicas e produtos que influenciam a área de genética e melhoramento genético na agropecuária, são enfatizadas.

RIA for indol alkaloids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arens, H.

1979-01-01

The technique of RIAs for indol alkaloids (ajmaline, ergotamine, ergocristine, ergometrine, and lysergic acid) is described, and applications for this RIA and the RIA for raubasine and serpentine are mentioned. The indol alkaloide RIAs are shown to be suitable both for alkaloid distribution measurements in Catharantus and Rauwolfia plants and C. purpurea sclerotia as well as for the selection of high-efficiency strains and the optimisation of cultures of plant tissues and saprophytic fungi. (orig./MG) [de

Gamma ray transitions in de-excitation of 252Cf spontaneous fission fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, N.A.; Rashid, K.; Ahmad, M.; Qureshi, I.E.; Alam, G.D.; Ali, A.; Bhatti, N.; Horsch, F.

1983-11-01

Gamma rays in the range from 60 keV to 730 keV have been observed following the spontaneous fission of 252 Cf, with high resolution Ge(Li) detector, full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 700 eV at 122 keV, in coincidence with the two fission fragments observed with surface barrier detectors. A total number of 18, 636, 549 events were recorded over a run period of about 150 hours stretching over three weeks. The events were sorted to generate gamma ray spectra belonging to 2 amu intervals gamma of the fragment masses and 6 MeV intervals of the total kinetic energy released. Some of the prominent gamma lines belonging to various masses of the fission fragments have been identified. For some gamma lines, the intensities have been evaluated as a function of the total kinetic energy of the fission fragments. (authors)

Colaboração docente online na educação universitária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodolfo Esteban Ávila

Full Text Available A colaboração docente on-line permite a criação de comunidades virtuais. As ferramentas virtuais de uma equipe em rede permitem criar aulas virtuais em diferentes localizações geográficas. Estes ambientes permitem na educação a transferência do conhecimento entre alunos e docentes, incluindo atividades síncronas e assíncronas. Neste trabalho descrevemos nossa experiência em colaboração docente on-line, utilizando ferramentas virtuais na educação universitária. Os softwares utilizados foram 1-Skype: Software de aplicação para chamadas na Internet (VoIP. 2- LAN: Aula virtual digital disponibilizado em http://www.cevap.unesp.br/abertura.htm. Estas mídias foram utilizadas em dias e locais de transmissão e recepção diferentes. Os temas foram: 1-"Como preparar uma videoconferência", 2-"Importância das TICs na docência Universitária", 3-"Plataformas virtuais com bases de dados automatizadas na busca bibliográfica", 4-"Uso do laboratório virtual no ensino de Biologia Celular, Histologia e Embriologia". As ferramentas virtuais permitem a colaboração on-line de docentes localizados em diferentes localizações geográficas, além de formar recursos humanos que as usarão para melhorar o desempenho da educação universitária.

Aula de história: subjetividade e memória na aprendizagem de alunos

OpenAIRE

Scoz, Beatriz Judith Lima; Rodrigues, Vilma Nardes Silva

2015-01-01

Este artigo apresenta o relato de uma pesquisa sobre as relações entre memória individual e memória coletiva nas aulas de História para compreender suas interferências na produção de sentidos subjetivos dos alunos na aprendizagem de História. A coleta de dados foi feita a partir do filme "Narradores de Javé" e da "conversação livre" com alunos da 8a série de uma escola pública de São Paulo. A pesquisa fundamenta-se nas concepções teóricas de Halbwachs e Placco, & Souza acerca da memória. No q...

The use of electron beam in RIA R and D

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomes, Itacil C.; Nolen, Jerry; Reed, Claude

2004-01-01

This paper discusses two electron beam applications for the RIA (Rare Isotope Accelerator) R and D. The first is for simulating energy deposition of heavy ions on lithium jets. The peak energy deposition for a 400-kW uranium beam will be 4 MW/cm 3 . Calculations have shown that a 1-MeV electron beam with 40mA of current has a peak energy deposition about 4 MW/cm 3 making it suitable to mimic the thermal response of lithium jet at that uranium beam heat load. The second application of electron beams for RIA R and D, discussed in this paper, is the use of low energy electron beam as a diagnosis tool for on-line monitoring of thickness variations of thin foils or thin jets. Thin foils can be corroded and jets might experience instabilities that can compromise their functionality. Low energy electron beams can be used to detect any change in thickness enabling a continuous on-line monitoring of the thin film being monitored. Calculations have indicated that variations in lithium jet thicknesses at the micron level can easily be detected

Application of DNA fingerprints for cell-line individualization.

Science.gov (United States)

Gilbert, D A; Reid, Y A; Gail, M H; Pee, D; White, C; Hay, R J; O'Brien, S J

1990-09-01

DNA fingerprints of 46 human cell lines were derived using minisatellite probes for hypervariable genetic loci. The incidence of 121 HaeIII DNA fragments among 33 cell lines derived from unrelated individuals was used to estimate allelic and genotypic frequencies for each fragment and for composite individual DNA fingerprints. We present a quantitative estimate of the extent of genetic difference between individuals, an estimate based on the percentage of restriction fragments at which they differ. The average percent difference (APD) among pairwise combinations from the population of 33 unrelated cell lines was 76.9%, compared with the APD in band sharing among cell lines derived from the same individual (less than or equal to 1.2%). Included in this survey were nine additional cell lines previously implicated as HeLa cell derivatives, and these lines were clearly confirmed as such by DNA fingerprints (APD less than or equal to 0.6%). On the basis of fragment frequencies in the tested cell line population, a simple genetic model was developed to estimate the frequencies of each DNA fingerprint in the population. The median incidence was 2.9 X 10(-17), and the range was 2.4 X 10(-21) to 6.6 X 10(-15). This value approximates the probability that a second cell line selected at random from unrelated individuals will match a given DNA fingerprint. Related calculations address the chance that any two DNA fingerprints would be identical among a large group of cell lines. This estimate is still very slight; for example, the chance of two or more common DNA fingerprints among 1 million distinct individuals is less than .001. The procedure provides a straightforward, easily interpreted, and statistically robust method for identification and individualization of human cells.

História e memória: a soldadura da imaginação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brum, Rosemary Fritsch

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo explora possibilidades em história oral, o desenvolvimento na contemporaneidade das ciências cognitivas e sua aproximação com histórias curtas. Essas direções podem ser fertilizadas pelo pesquisador nos estudos da memória, da narrativa e da oralidade

Label free fragment screening using surface plasmon resonance as a tool for fragment finding - analyzing parkin, a difficult CNS target.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karin Regnström

Full Text Available Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR is rarely used as a primary High-throughput Screening (HTS tool in fragment-based approaches. With SPR instruments becoming increasingly high-throughput it is now possible to use SPR as a primary tool for fragment finding. SPR becomes, therefore, a valuable tool in the screening of difficult targets such as the ubiquitin E3 ligase Parkin. As a prerequisite for the screen, a large number of SPR tests were performed to characterize and validate the active form of Parkin. A set of compounds was designed and used to define optimal SPR assay conditions for this fragment screen. Using these conditions, more than 5000 pre-selected fragments from our in-house library were screened for binding to Parkin. Additionally, all fragments were simultaneously screened for binding to two off target proteins to exclude promiscuous binding compounds. A low hit rate was observed that is in line with hit rates usually obtained by other HTS screening assays. All hits were further tested in dose responses on the target protein by SPR for confirmation before channeling the hits into Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR and other hit-confirmation assays.

Florística e estrutura da comunidade arbórea de um fragmento florestal em Luminárias, MG Floristic composition and structure of the tree layer of a forest fragment in Luminárias Municipality, Minas Gerais State

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luciene Alves Rodrigues

2003-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a composição florística e estrutural da comunidade arbórea de uma floresta em Luminárias, MG. O local de estudo é conhecido como Mata do Galego, possui cerca de 77 ha e está localizado a 21°29'S e 44°55'W, às margens do rio Ingaí. A amostragem florística foi realizada em parcelas e também em caminhadas pela floresta. Todo o material coletado foi identificado e incorporado ao Herbário ESAL, da Universidade Federal de Lavras. O levantamento estrutural foi realizado por meio de amostragem sistemática, em 32 parcelas de 20 × 20m, distribuídas em três transeções, da margem do rio até a borda da mata. Nas parcelas, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbóreos, vivos, com circunferência à altura do peito (CAP ≥ 15,5 cm. As variáveis químicas e físicas do solo foram obtidas das análises de amostras superficiais de solo (0-20 cm de cada parcela. No levantamento florístico foram amostradas 201 espécies, 129 gêneros e 57 famílias. As famílias com maior riqueza foram Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Fabaceae Faboideae, Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae e Fabaceae Mimosoideae. No levantamento estrutural foram amostrados 2343 indivíduos de 159 espécies, 104 gêneros e 50 famílias. As espécies mais abundantes foram Casearia sylvestris, Lithraea molleoides, Machaerium stipitatum, Faramea cyanea, Diospyros inconstans e Copaifera langsdorffii. A Mata do Galego apresentou alta diversidade de espécies (H' = 4,23 nat/indivíduo e alta equabilidade (J' = 0,83. A alta diversidade de espécies pode estar relacionada à influência de formações vegetais próximas e aos diferentes microhabitats proporcionados pela topografia, variações na fertilidade e umidade do solo.The aim of this study was to analyze the floristic composition and structure of the tree layer of a forest fragment in the municipality of Luminárias, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. The forest fragment is locally known as Mata do

Síndromes autoinflamatórias hereditárias na faixa etária pediátrica Pediatric hereditary autoinflammatory syndromes

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Adriana Almeida Jesus

2010-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever as principais síndromes autoinflamatórias hereditárias na faixa etária pediátrica. FONTES DOS DADOS: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO, utilizando as palavras-chave "síndromes autoinflamatórias” e "criança”, e incluindo referências bibliográficas relevantes. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: As principais síndromes autoinflamatórias são causadas por defeitos monogênicos em proteínas da imunidade inata, sendo consideradas imunodeficiências primárias. Elas são caracterizadas clinicamente por sintomas inflamatórios sistêmicos recorrentes ou contínuos e devem ser diferenciadas das doenças infecciosas, autoimunes e outras imunodeficiências primárias. Nesta revisão, foram enfatizadas características epidemiológicas, manifestações clínicas, alterações laboratoriais, prognóstico e terapia das principais síndromes autoinflamatórias: febre familiar do Mediterrâneo; síndrome periódica associada ao receptor de fator de necrose tumoral; criopirinopatias; deficiência de mevalonato-quinase; artrite granulomatosa pediátrica; síndrome de pioderma gangrenoso, artrite piogênica e acne; síndrome de Majeed; e deficiência do antagonista do receptor de interleucina-1. As criopirinopatias discutidas foram: doença inflamatória multissistêmica de início neonatal ou síndrome neurológica, cutânea e articular crônica infantil, síndrome de Muckle-Wells e síndrome autoinflamatória familiar associada ao frio. CONCLUSÕES: É importante que o pediatra reconheça as síndromes autoinflamatórias hereditárias mais prevalentes, pois o encaminhamento ao reumatologista pediátrico pode permitir um diagnóstico precoce e uma instituição de tratamento adequado, possibilitando uma melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes.OBJECTIVE: To describe the most prevalent pediatric hereditary autoinflammatory syndromes. SOURCES: A review of the literature including relevant references

Fonoterapia vocal e fisioterapia respiratória com idosos saudáveis: revisão de literatura

OpenAIRE

Carla Aparecida Cielo; Fernanda dos Santos Pascotini; Vanessa Veis Ribeiro; Ariane de Macedo Gomes; Léris Salete Bonfanti Haeffner

2016-01-01

RESUMO Este estudo tem como tema a fonoterapia vocal e a fisioterapia respiratória no idoso saudável. O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar a literatura sobre fonoterapia vocal e sobre fisioterapia respiratória com idosos saudáveis. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico de artigos publicados entre 2004 e 2014 nas bases de dados Lilacs, Bireme, MedLine, PubMed e Scielo. Descritores utilizados: physical therapy specialty; breathing; speech therapy; aged; therapeutics e voice. A litera...

RIA: Principles and application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pappas, A.A.; Glassman, A.B.

1983-01-01

What is the future of RIA? Has the application of RIA peaked? Will other and competing tests such as immunofluorescence and ELISA systems displace or replace the method? RIA is a sensitive, precise, and very often specific analytical tool. Its primary advantage is exquisite sensitivity. Problems related to specificity of antibody and/or antigen identification are reviewed in this paper. The same limitations will be encountered in the similar techniques of enzyme immunologic determination. Increasing difficulties with waste disposal of either radioactive material and/or organic solvents will cause those who utilize radionuclides to look again at alternatives. RIA has been an exciting developmental tool that has led the authors to look at dynamic physiologic and biochemical interactions. The time may come when there is replacement of the radionuclide portion by enzymes or fluorescent material

Disfunção gustatória e olfatória em laringectomizados

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Ada Salvetti Cavalcanti Caldas

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Após a cirurgia de laringectomia total, o fluxo aéreo nasal é transferido definitivamente para o traqueostoma, comprometendo a chegada de moléculas odoríferas até a cavidade nasal, podendo repercutir em alterações na percepção olfatória e gustatória nesses indivíduos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as funções do olfato e do paladar em laringectomizados totais. Desenho do estudo: Estudo de série. MÉTODO: A amostra envolveu um grupo com 25 pacientes submetidos à laringectomia total e outro grupo de comparação com 25 pacientes não laringectomizados. A função gustatória foi avaliada por tiras gustativas de papel de filtro. Para avaliação da função olfatória, foi aplicado o teste Brief Smell Identification Test. RESULTADOS: No grupo de laringectomizados, houve maior frequência de hipogeusia (80%; p < 0,05, assim como de hiposmia (88%; p < 0,001, isoladas e concomitantes (72%; p < 0,001. Na discriminação dos sabores, o sabor amargo não diferiu entre os grupos, diferentemente dos demais sabores. No aspecto olfatório, os laringectomizados tiveram pior desempenho na detecção de odores de alerta e os relacionados à alimentação. Identificou-se que história de tabagismo e de alcoolismo foi significantemente mais frequente dentre laringectomizados. CONCLUSÃO: A diminuição das funções olfatória e gustatória em laringectomizados totais foi evidenciada nesse estudo.

Fragment-based lead generation: identification of seed fragments by a highly efficient fragment screening technology

Science.gov (United States)

Neumann, Lars; Ritscher, Allegra; Müller, Gerhard; Hafenbradl, Doris

2009-08-01

For the detection of the precise and unambiguous binding of fragments to a specific binding site on the target protein, we have developed a novel reporter displacement binding assay technology. The application of this technology for the fragment screening as well as the fragment evolution process with a specific modelling based design strategy is demonstrated for inhibitors of the protein kinase p38alpha. In a fragment screening approach seed fragments were identified which were then used to build compounds from the deep-pocket towards the hinge binding area of the protein kinase p38alpha based on a modelling approach. BIRB796 was used as a blueprint for the alignment of the fragments. The fragment evolution of these deep-pocket binding fragments towards the fully optimized inhibitor BIRB796 included the modulation of the residence time as well as the affinity. The goal of our study was to evaluate the robustness and efficiency of our novel fragment screening technology at high fragment concentrations, compare the screening data with biochemical activity data and to demonstrate the evolution of the hit fragments with fast kinetics, into slow kinetic inhibitors in an in silico approach.

Multicharged Ion-induced simple molecule fragmentation dynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tarisien, M.

2003-10-01

The aim of this work is to study the dynamics of swift multicharged ion-induced fragmentation of diatomic (CO) and triatomic (CO 2 ) molecules. Performed at the GANIL facility, this study used the Recoil Ion Momentum Spectroscopy technique (RIMS), which consists of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer, coupled with a multi-hit capability position sensitive detector (delay line anode). The high-resolution measurement of the kinetic energy distribution released (KER) during the CO fragmentation points out the limitation of the Coulomb Explosion Model, revealing, for example, the di-cation CO 2 + electronic state contribution in the case of C + /O + fragmentation pathway. Furthermore, the multi-ionization cross section dependence with the orientation of the internuclear axis of CO is compared with a geometrical model calculation. Finally, different behaviours are observed for the dissociation dynamics of a triatomic molecule (CO 2 ). While triple ionization leads mainly to a synchronous concerted fragmentation dynamics, a weak fraction of dissociating molecule follows a sequential dynamics involving CO 2 + metastable states. In the case of double ionization, (CO 2 ) 2+ di-cation dissociation dynamics is asynchronously concerted and has been interpreted using a simple model involving an asymmetrical vibration of the molecule. (author)

A Recombinant Fragment of Human Surfactant Protein D induces Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines via Fas-Mediated Pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaur, Anuvinder; Riaz, Muhammad Suleman; Murugaiah, Valarmathy; Varghese, Praveen Mathews; Singh, Shiv K; Kishore, Uday

2018-01-01

Human surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a potent innate immune molecule, which is emerging as a key molecule in the recognition and clearance of altered and non-self targets. Previous studies have shown that a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) induced apoptosis via p53-mediated apoptosis pathway in an eosinophilic leukemic cell line, AML14.3D10. Here, we report the ability of rfhSP-D to induce apoptosis via TNF-α/Fas-mediated pathway regardless of the p53 status in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma using Panc-1 (p53 mt ), MiaPaCa-2 (p53 mt ), and Capan-2 (p53 wt ) cell lines. Treatment of these cell lines with rfhSP-D for 24 h caused growth arrest in G1 cell cycle phase and triggered transcriptional upregulation of pro-apoptotic factors such as TNF-α and NF-κB. Translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm into the nucleus of pancreatic cancer cell lines was observed via immunofluorescence microscopy following treatment with rfhSP-D as compared to the untreated cells. The rfhSP-D treatment caused upregulation of pro-apoptotic marker Fas, as analyzed via qPCR and western blot, which then triggered caspase cascade, as evident from cleavage of caspase 8 and 3 analyzed via western blot at 48 h. The cell number following the rfhSP-D treatment was reduced in the order of Panc-1 (~67%) > MiaPaCa-2 (~60%) > Capan-2 (~35%). This study appears to suggest that rfhSP-D can potentially be used to therapeutically target pancreatic cancer cells irrespective of their p53 phenotype.

Berkeley Off-line Radioisotope Generator (BORG)

CERN Document Server

Sudowe, R

2001-01-01

Development of chemical separations for the transactinides has traditionally been performed with longer-lived tracer activities purchased commercially. With these long-lived tracers, there is always the potential problem that the tracer atoms are not always in the same chemical form as the short-lived atoms produced in on-line experiments. This problem is especially severe for elements in groups 4 and 5 of the periodic table, where hydrolysis is present. The long-lived tracers usually are stored with a complexing agent to prevent sorption or precipitation. Chemistry experiments performed with these long-lived tracers are therefore not analogous to those chemical experiments performed in on-line experiments. One way to eliminate the differences between off-line and on-line chemistry experiments is through the use of a sup 2 sup 5 sup 2 Cf fission fragment collection device. A sup 2 sup 5 sup 2 Cf fission fragment collection device has already been constructed [1]. This device is limited in its capabilities. A ...

Optimization of antibody immobilization for on-line or off-line immunoaffinity chromatography

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Beyer, Natascha Helena; Schou, Christian; Højrup, Peter

2009-01-01

-POROS. Protein G-based matrices are very stable showing essentially no decline in performance after 50 application-wash-elution-reequilibration cycles and being easily prepared within 2-3 h of working time with a typical antibody coupling yield of above 80%. In off-line applications where constant flow....... A systematic study was conducted to determine the most versatile antibody immobilization method for use in on-line and off-line IA chromatography applications using commonly accessible immobilization methods. Four chemistries were examined using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments. We...

DNA Fragmentation Factor 45 (DFF45 Gene at 1p36.2 Is Homozygously Deleted and Encodes Variant Transcripts in Neuroblastoma Cell Line

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hong Wei Yang

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Recently, loss of heterozygosity (LOH studies suggest that more than two tumor suppressor genes lie on the short arm of chromosome 1 (1p in neuroblastoma (NB. To identify candidate tumor suppressor genes in NB, we searched for homozygous deletions in 20 NB cell lines using a high-density STS map spanning chromosome 1 p36, a common LOH region in NB. We found that the 45-kDa subunit of the DNA fragmentation factor (DFF45 gene was homozygously deleted in an NB cell line, NB-1. DFF45 is the chaperon of DFF40, and both molecules are necessary for caspase 3 to induce apoptosis. DFF35, a splicing variant of DFF45, is an inhibitor of DFF40. We examined 20 NB cell lines for expression and mutation of DFF45 gene by reverse transcription (RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR and RT-PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism. Some novel variant transcripts of the DFF45 gene were found in NB cell lines, but not in normal adrenal gland and peripheral blood. These variants may not serve as chaperons of DFF40, but as inhibitors like DFF35, thus disrupting the balance between DFF45 and DFF40. No mutations of the DFF45 gene were found in any NB cell line, suggesting that the DFF45 is not a tumor suppressor gene for NB. However, homozygous deletion of the DFF45 gene in the NB-1 cell line may imply the presence of unknown tumor suppressor genes in this region.

História e psicologia em Henri Berr

OpenAIRE

Waeny, Maria Fernanda Costa

2017-01-01

O artigo aborda algumas das idéias de Henri Berr; trata de sua proposta em história, especialmente no que ela se opõe à filosofia da história e à história alemãs; e examina como esta concepção de história à la francesa introduz a psicologia nas pesquisas em história e inaugura a psicologia histórica.Palavras-chave: História da Psicologia; Psicologia Histórica; História das Ciências Humanas; História das Idéias; Annales

As teorias da história e a história ensinada no ensino fundamental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lia Machado Fiuza Fialho

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Objetiva discutir as interfaces das teorias da História e a História ensinada no ensino fundamental, com ênfase na “alfabetização histórica” no século XXI. Como metodologia de pesquisa utilizou-se grupo focal, com 21 pesquisadores e professores que atuavam no campo do Ensino de História e História da Educação. Constatou-se que o ensino no século XXI deve propiciar a aprendizagem de maneira contextualizada, relacionando a pessoa, o tempo e o espaço, em uma perspectiva de produção e transformação da sociedade, na qual o aluno é concebido como sujeito histórico inserido no âmbito dialógico-crítico, tendo o professor como um mediador. Palavras-chave: Ensino. História. Correntes teóricas.

2003 RIA R AND D WORKSHOP.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

OZAKI, S.ET AL.

2003-08-26

The 2003 RIA R&D Workshop was held on August 26-28, 2003 at the Four Points Sheraton Hotel in Bethesda, Maryland. This Workshop was chaired by Satoshi Ozaki of BNL and sponsored by the Nuclear Physics Division of DOE, with the help of Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). The purpose of this workshop was to understand the present status of R&D efforts for RIA, to evaluate the needs for further R&D, and to identify opportunities for international collaborations. The workshop examined and documented the current pre-conceptual design for RIA, identifying areas where decisions on technical options remain. The status of the current RIA R&D program was documented, recognizing areas where efforts were needed in light of what had been learned. The ongoing and planned R&D activities for operating and planned rare-isotope facilities were presented, enabling the workshop to be a venue to develop coordinated R&D efforts of mutual benefit to U.S. and international efforts. The scientific program for the first day (August 26, 2003) consisted mostly of invited talks presented by major research groups involved in RIA and other RI beam facilities. The talks included those covering: Science of RIA and the RIA Facility Performance Requirements; The Reference RIA Facility Pre-CDR design that was used for the NSAC cost exercise (M. Harrison Sub-Panel) in January 2001; New or latest perspectives on the RIA design at ANL & MSU; and RI Beam facility plans and overview of the R&D activities at overseas laboratories. The second day (August 27, 2003) was devoted to contributed talks on continuing R&D, including that which had been supported by DOE RIA R&D funds. The third day (August 28, 2003) began with open panel discussions in the morning, including further input from participants. The panel members discussed the present status of the RIA planning and R&D needs in a closed session for the rest of the day, and then worked on report planning and writing. This Workshop

High-voltage pulsed generator for dynamic fragmentation of rocks.

Science.gov (United States)

Kovalchuk, B M; Kharlov, A V; Vizir, V A; Kumpyak, V V; Zorin, V B; Kiselev, V N

2010-10-01

A portable high-voltage (HV) pulsed generator has been designed for rock fragmentation experiments. The generator can be used also for other technological applications. The installation consists of low voltage block, HV block, coaxial transmission line, fragmentation chamber, and control system block. Low voltage block of the generator, consisting of a primary capacitor bank (300 μF) and a thyristor switch, stores pulse energy and transfers it to the HV block. The primary capacitor bank stores energy of 600 J at the maximum charging voltage of 2 kV. HV block includes HV pulsed step up transformer, HV capacitive storage, and two electrode gas switch. The following technical parameters of the generator were achieved: output voltage up to 300 kV, voltage rise time of ∼50 ns, current amplitude of ∼6 kA with the 40 Ω active load, and ∼20 kA in a rock fragmentation regime (with discharge in a rock-water mixture). Typical operation regime is a burst of 1000 pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz. The operation process can be controlled within a wide range of parameters. The entire installation (generator, transmission line, treatment chamber, and measuring probes) is designed like a continuous Faraday's cage (complete shielding) to exclude external electromagnetic perturbations.

High-voltage pulsed generator for dynamic fragmentation of rocks

Science.gov (United States)

Kovalchuk, B. M.; Kharlov, A. V.; Vizir, V. A.; Kumpyak, V. V.; Zorin, V. B.; Kiselev, V. N.

2010-10-01

A portable high-voltage (HV) pulsed generator has been designed for rock fragmentation experiments. The generator can be used also for other technological applications. The installation consists of low voltage block, HV block, coaxial transmission line, fragmentation chamber, and control system block. Low voltage block of the generator, consisting of a primary capacitor bank (300 μF) and a thyristor switch, stores pulse energy and transfers it to the HV block. The primary capacitor bank stores energy of 600 J at the maximum charging voltage of 2 kV. HV block includes HV pulsed step up transformer, HV capacitive storage, and two electrode gas switch. The following technical parameters of the generator were achieved: output voltage up to 300 kV, voltage rise time of ˜50 ns, current amplitude of ˜6 kA with the 40 Ω active load, and ˜20 kA in a rock fragmentation regime (with discharge in a rock-water mixture). Typical operation regime is a burst of 1000 pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz. The operation process can be controlled within a wide range of parameters. The entire installation (generator, transmission line, treatment chamber, and measuring probes) is designed like a continuous Faraday's cage (complete shielding) to exclude external electromagnetic perturbations.

Oncogenic transformation of rat lung epithelioid cells by SV40 DNA and restriction enzyme fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daya-Grosjean, L.; Lasne, C.; Nardeux, P.; Chouroulinkov, I.; Monier, R.

1979-01-01

Rat epithelioid lung cells were transformed with various preparations of SV40 DNA using the Ca 2+ -precipitation technique. The amount of SV40 genetic information integrated into transformed clones was evaluated by DNA-DNA renaturation kinetics. The growth properties on plastic and in soft-agar were examined, as well as the ability to induce tumors in syngeneic newborn animals or in adult nude mice. One particular transformed line, which had received the HpaII/BamHIA (59 per cent) fragment, was found to contain about 3 integrated copies of this fragment per cell and no significant amount of the HpaII/BamHIB (41 per cent fragment). This line which grew to high saturatio densities and efficiently formed clones in low serum on plastic, produced tumors in both syngeneic rats and nude mice. Thus the HpaII/BamHIA fragment, which mainly includes early viral information, was sufficient to impart these properties to rat epithelioid lung cells. (author)

Virtual fragment preparation for computational fragment-based drug design.

Science.gov (United States)

Ludington, Jennifer L

2015-01-01

Fragment-based drug design (FBDD) has become an important component of the drug discovery process. The use of fragments can accelerate both the search for a hit molecule and the development of that hit into a lead molecule for clinical testing. In addition to experimental methodologies for FBDD such as NMR and X-ray Crystallography screens, computational techniques are playing an increasingly important role. The success of the computational simulations is due in large part to how the database of virtual fragments is prepared. In order to prepare the fragments appropriately it is necessary to understand how FBDD differs from other approaches and the issues inherent in building up molecules from smaller fragment pieces. The ultimate goal of these calculations is to link two or more simulated fragments into a molecule that has an experimental binding affinity consistent with the additive predicted binding affinities of the virtual fragments. Computationally predicting binding affinities is a complex process, with many opportunities for introducing error. Therefore, care should be taken with the fragment preparation procedure to avoid introducing additional inaccuracies.This chapter is focused on the preparation process used to create a virtual fragment database. Several key issues of fragment preparation which affect the accuracy of binding affinity predictions are discussed. The first issue is the selection of the two-dimensional atomic structure of the virtual fragment. Although the particular usage of the fragment can affect this choice (i.e., whether the fragment will be used for calibration, binding site characterization, hit identification, or lead optimization), general factors such as synthetic accessibility, size, and flexibility are major considerations in selecting the 2D structure. Other aspects of preparing the virtual fragments for simulation are the generation of three-dimensional conformations and the assignment of the associated atomic point charges.

Memória e cidadania nos acervos de história oral e mídia digital

OpenAIRE

Goulart, Elias Estevão; Perazzo, Priscila Ferreira; Lemos, Vilma

2010-01-01

Este texto tem como proposta discutir a importância da constituição de acervos de história oral, levando em consideração a difusão da memória e o exercício da cidadania a partir dela, bem como as relações de poder envolvidas nesse processo. As técnicas de história oral possibilitam a organização de um acervo de relatos de história de vida que, no seu conjunto, levam à recuperação da identidade coletiva e da memória da comunidade. São os sentimentos de pertencimento a um grupo, garantindo por ...

Fragment growing and linking lead to novel nanomolar lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors.

Science.gov (United States)

Kohlmann, Anna; Zech, Stephan G; Li, Feng; Zhou, Tianjun; Squillace, Rachel M; Commodore, Lois; Greenfield, Matthew T; Lu, Xiaohui; Miller, David P; Huang, Wei-Sheng; Qi, Jiwei; Thomas, R Mathew; Wang, Yihan; Zhang, Sen; Dodd, Rory; Liu, Shuangying; Xu, Rongsong; Xu, Yongjin; Miret, Juan J; Rivera, Victor; Clackson, Tim; Shakespeare, William C; Zhu, Xiaotian; Dalgarno, David C

2013-02-14

Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate in the glycolysis pathway. Cancer cells rely heavily on glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. The inhibition of LDH-A by small molecules is therefore of interest for potential cancer treatments. We describe the identification and optimization of LDH-A inhibitors by fragment-based drug discovery. We applied ligand based NMR screening to identify low affinity fragments binding to LDH-A. The dissociation constants (K(d)) and enzyme inhibition (IC(50)) of fragment hits were measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and enzyme assays, respectively. The binding modes of selected fragments were investigated by X-ray crystallography. Fragment growing and linking, followed by chemical optimization, resulted in nanomolar LDH-A inhibitors that demonstrated stoichiometric binding to LDH-A. Selected molecules inhibited lactate production in cells, suggesting target-specific inhibition in cancer cell lines.

Fragmentation function in non-equilibrium QCD using closed-time path integral formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nayak, Gouranga C.

2009-01-01

In this paper we implement the Schwinger-Keldysh closed-time path integral formalism in non-equilibrium QCD in accordance to the definition of the Collins-Soper fragmentation function. We consider a high-p T parton in QCD medium at initial time τ 0 with an arbitrary non-equilibrium (non-isotropic) distribution function f(vector (p)) fragmenting to a hadron. We formulate the parton-to-hadron fragmentation function in non-equilibrium QCD in the light-cone quantization formalism. It may be possible to include final-state interactions with the medium via a modification of the Wilson lines in this definition of the non-equilibrium fragmentation function. This may be relevant to the study of hadron production from a quark-gluon plasma at RHIC and LHC. (orig.)

Memórias de uma história de um leitor

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José Roberto Andrade Féres

2014-07-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-9288.2014v10n1p116 Entre histórias e estórias, entre origens e a “quimera da origem” (Michel Foucault, entre memórias e esquecimentos, entre arquivar e deletar, entre formatar e transformar, entre livros e e-books, entre leitores e leitores de e-books, entre palimpsestos e touchscreens, entre ensaio e relato, entre o que falta e o que excede, entre o que se veste com letras e o que se despe literalmente – este texto: trazendo à lembrança Peter Stallybrass (sobretudo “A vida social das coisas” e “O casaco de Marx”, palavras que buscam tratar as pessoas como coisas e as coisas como pessoas, biografando alguns leitores a partir da biografia de um leitor de e-books, e vice-versa.

Coulomb effects in low-energy nuclear fragmentation

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, John W.; Chun, Sang Y.; Badavi, Francis F.; John, Sarah

1993-01-01

Early versions of the Langley nuclear fragmentation code NUCFRAG (and a publicly released version called HZEFRG1) assumed straight-line trajectories throughout the interaction. As a consequence, NUCFRAG and HZEFRG1 give unrealistic cross sections for large mass removal from the projectile and target at low energies. A correction for the distortion of the trajectory by the nuclear Coulomb fields is used to derive fragmentation cross sections. A simple energy-loss term is applied to estimate the energy downshifts that greatly alter the Coulomb trajectory at low energy. The results, which are far more realistic than prior versions of the code, should provide the data base for future transport calculations. The systematic behavior of charge-removal cross sections compares favorably with results from low-energy experiments.

2003 RIA R AND D WORKSHOP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

OZAKI, S.

2003-01-01

The 2003 RIA R and D Workshop was held on August 26-28, 2003 at the Four Points Sheraton Hotel in Bethesda, Maryland. This Workshop was chaired by Satoshi Ozaki of BNL and sponsored by the Nuclear Physics Division of DOE, with the help of Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). The purpose of this workshop was to understand the present status of R and D efforts for RIA, to evaluate the needs for further R and D, and to identify opportunities for international collaborations. The workshop examined and documented the current pre-conceptual design for RIA, identifying areas where decisions on technical options remain. The status of the current RIA R and D program was documented, recognizing areas where efforts were needed in light of what had been learned. The ongoing and planned R and D activities for operating and planned rare-isotope facilities were presented, enabling the workshop to be a venue to develop coordinated R and D efforts of mutual benefit to U.S. and international efforts. The scientific program for the first day (August 26, 2003) consisted mostly of invited talks presented by major research groups involved in RIA and other RI beam facilities. The talks included those covering: Science of RIA and the RIA Facility Performance Requirements; The Reference RIA Facility Pre-CDR design that was used for the NSAC cost exercise (M. Harrison Sub-Panel) in January 2001; New or latest perspectives on the RIA design at ANL and MSU; and RI Beam facility plans and overview of the R and D activities at overseas laboratories. The second day (August 27, 2003) was devoted to contributed talks on continuing R and D, including that which had been supported by DOE RIA R and D funds. The third day (August 28, 2003) began with open panel discussions in the morning, including further input from participants. The panel members discussed the present status of the RIA planning and R and D needs in a closed session for the rest of the day, and then worked on report

Mechanical energy release and fuel fragmentation in high energy deposition into fuel under a reactivity initiated accident condition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsuruta, Takaharu; Saito, Shinzo; Ochiai, Masaaki

1985-01-01

The fuel fragmentation is one of important subjects to be studied, since it is one of basic processes of molten fuel-coolant interaction (MFCI) and it has not yet been made clear enough. Accordingly, UO 2 fuel fragmentation was studied in the NSRR experiments simulating a reactivity initiated accident (RIA). As results of the experiments, the distribution of the size of fuel fragments was obtained and the mechanism of fuel fragmentation was discussed as described below. It was revealed that the distribution was well displayed in the form of logarithmic Rosin-Rammler's distribution law. It was shown that the conversion ratio from thermal energy to mechanical in the experiment was in inverse propotion to the volume-surface mean diameter defined as a ratio of the total volume of fragments to the total surface. Consequently, it was confirmed that the mean diameter was proper as an index for the degree of the fuel fragmentation. It was also pointed out that the Weber-type hydraulic instability model for fragmentation was consistent with the experimental results. The mechanism of the fuel fragmentation is understood as follows. Cladding tube is ruptured due to the increase in rod pressure when fuel is molten, and then molten fuel spouts through the openings in the form of jet. As a result of molten fuel spouting, fuel is fragmented by the Weber-type of hydraulic instability. The model well explains the effects of experimental parameters as heat deposition, subcooling of cooling water and capsule diameter, on the fuel fragmentation. According to the model, fuel fragments have to be spherical. There were many spherical particles which had hollow and burst crack. This may be due to internal burst during solidification process. The items which should be studied further are also described in the end of this report. (author)

Histórias divergentes na intelectualidade docente: trajetórias formativas nas memórias de professoras do ensino municipal de São Paulo (1964-1985

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Helenice Ciampi

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Com base na metodologia da história oral temática,analisa-se no artigo uma entrevista simultânea, na qual três docentes relatam suas trajetórias familiares, escolares e acadêmicas. Analisa-se o processo de sua formação como professoras, a partir do final dos anos 1960, e as posições políticasque assumiram no presente,2012, em relação à educação e à escola municipal paulistana no período da ditadura civil-militar no Brasil (1964-1985. O principal objetivo é mostrar que suas memórias expressam divergências individuais e coletivas e que existem outras formas de expressão da intelectualidade docente, as quais emergem das tensões econtradiçõesvivenciadas em suas trajetórias formativas e não das prescriçõespolíticas e acadêmicas educacionaisque silenciamoutras vozes, memórias e saberes.

Untranslatable tospoviral NSs fragment coupled with L conserved region enhances transgenic resistance against the homologous virus and a serologically unrelated tospovirus.

Science.gov (United States)

Yazhisai, Uthaman; Rajagopalan, Prem Anand; Raja, Joseph A J; Chen, Tsung-Chi; Yeh, Shyi-Dong

2015-08-01

Tospoviruses cause severe damages to important crops worldwide. In this study, Nicotiana benthamiana transgenic lines carrying individual untranslatable constructs comprised of the conserved region of the L gene (denoted as L), the 5' half of NSs coding sequence (NSs) or the antisense fragment of whole N coding sequence (N) of Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV), individually or in combination, were generated. A total of 15-17 transgenic N. benthamiana lines carrying individual transgenes were evaluated against WSMoV and the serologically unrelated Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Among lines carrying single or chimeric transgenes, the level of resistance ranged from susceptible to completely resistant against WSMoV. From the lines carrying individual transgenes and highly resistant to WSMoV (56-63% of lines assayed), 30% of the L lines (3/10 lines assayed) and 11% of NSs lines (1/9 lines assayed) were highly resistant against TSWV. The chimeric transgenes provided higher degrees of resistance against WSMoV (80-88%), and the NSs fragment showed an additive effect to enhance the resistance to TSWV. Particularly, the chimeric transgenes with the triple combination of fragments, namely L/NSs/N or HpL/NSs/N (a hairpin construct), provided a higher degree of resistance (both 50%, with 7/14 lines assayed) against TSWV. Our results indicate that the untranslatable NSs fragment is able to enhance the transgenic resistance conferred by the L conserved region. The better performance of L/NSs/N and HpL/NSs/N in transgenic N. benthamiana lines suggests their potential usefulness in generating high levels of enhanced transgenic resistance against serologically unrelated tospoviruses in agronomic crops.

Embolização pré operatória de tumores renais com microparticulas esféricas de tecnologia nacional. (Spherus®-First line Brasil

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Gaudencio Espinosa

Full Text Available Os autores relatam pela primeira vez utilização de uma nova partícula para embolização, constituída de um núcleo de acetato de polivinil revestido por polivinil-álcool, de forma esférica (Spherus®-First Line Brasil, como preparo pré-operatório em três pacientes portadores de neoplasia renal, na intenção de diminuir o tamanho do tumor e prevenir complicações hemorrágicas durante o ato operatório. Estas novas partículas foram projetadas e elaboradas nos laboratórios da COPPE/UFRJ. A embolização intra-arterial pré-operatória com estas novas partículas ocasionou acentuada isquemia em todo o tecido tumoral facilitando o procedimento cirúrgico.

Construindo a História dos Bairros: Um Diálogo Entre Memória e Educação

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Tiago Pires

2014-10-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-0221.2014v11n17p Na contemporaneidade, a grande produção de informação faz com que os saberes e memórias do passado sejam substituídos pela constante inovação midiática, pautada em relações voláteis típicas da pós-modernidade. Durante grande parte da história do Brasil, a valorização de saberes, memórias e lugares somente ocorreu quando esses eram referentes às grandes personalidades, na maioria das vezes pertencentes à elite econômica. Em meio a esse contexto, desenvolvemos um projeto de pesquisa que objetivava resgatar as memórias, histórias e culinárias de bairros periféricos de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Visando valorizar esses saberes e sujeitos, iniciamos um processo de investigação, pautado na metodologia da história oral e do ensino de História por projetos, envolvendo os alunos da rede pública, bem como professores e historiadores. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida entre 2008 e 2011, resultando na construção de um livro com fins didático-pedagógicos, intitulado “Saramenha: memórias, histórias e culinária”.

QC in RIA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Little, J.

1989-01-01

A Regional Health Authority expert from the service which performs radioimmunoassays (RIA) and immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) discusses the importance of quality control in these techniques. Originally developed as an aid to endocrinology, applications are now much more widely based and include virology, microbiology, drugs testing, immunology, parasitology, veterinary science and the food industry. The origins of errors in the practice of RIA are examined, with and between batches and the limitations placed on accuracy are explained. Measurement variability between laboratories is also mentioned. (U.K.)

Leituras de operárias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Betty Mindlin

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Defensora de causas sociais, paladina poética contra injustiças e desigualdade, Ecléa Bosi em seu livro Cultura Popular e Cultura de Massa: Leituras de Operárias, pesquisa as leituras de cerca de 50 operárias, procurando ver que acesso têm ao imaginário, aos livros, quais as suas condições de vida, como a sociedade industrial as privam da criação artística e literária, apesar de sua sede de conhecimento e de expressão.

Gravitational fragmentation caught in the act: the filamentary Musca molecular cloud

Science.gov (United States)

Kainulainen, J.; Hacar, A.; Alves, J.; Beuther, H.; Bouy, H.; Tafalla, M.

2016-02-01

Context. Filamentary structures are common in molecular clouds. Explaining how they fragment to dense cores is a missing step in understanding their role in star formation. Aims: We perform a case study of whether low-mass filaments are close to hydrostatic prior to their fragmentation, and whether their fragmentation agrees with gravitational fragmentation models. To accomplish this, we study the ~6.5 pc long Musca molecular cloud, which is an ideal candidate for a filament at an early stage of fragmentation. Methods: We employ dust extinction mapping, in conjunction with near-infrared JHKS-band data from the CTIO/NEWFIRM instrument, and 870 μm dust continuum emission data from the APEX/LABOCA instrument to estimate column densities in Musca. We use the data to identify fragments from the cloud and to determine the radial density distribution of its filamentary part. We compare the cloud's morphology with 13CO and C18O line emission observed with the APEX/SHeFI instrument. Results: The Musca cloud is pronouncedly fragmented at its ends, but harbors a remarkably well-defined, ~1.6 pc long filament in its center region. The line mass of the filament is 21-31 M⊙ pc-1 and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) 0.07 pc. The radial profile of the filament can be fitted with a Plummer profile, which has the power-index of 2.6 ± 11% and is flatter than that of an infinite hydrostatic filament. The profile can also be fitted with a hydrostatic cylinder truncated by external pressure. These models imply a central density of ~5-10 × 104 cm-3. The fragments in the cloud have a mean separation of ~0.4 pc, in agreement with gravitational fragmentation. These properties, together with the subsonic and velocity-coherent nature of the cloud, suggest a scenario in which an initially hydrostatic cloud is currently gravitationally fragmenting. The fragmentation started a few tenths of a Myr ago from the ends of the cloud, leaving its center still relatively nonfragmented

Atrial cardiomyocyte-specific expression of Cre recombinase driven by an Nppa gene fragment

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Lange, Frederik J.; Moorman, Antoon F. M.; Christoffels, Vincent M.

2003-01-01

To study the development of the atria, we produced a transgenic mouse line that expresses Cre under the regulatory control of a 7 kbp fragment of the Natriuretic peptide precursor type A gene (Nppa), from -3 kbp to +4 kbp relative to the transcription start site. Crossing this line with the R26R and

Aproximações entre história pública e história oral: o caso do Laboratório de História Oral da Univille

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Ilanil Coelho

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, construímos uma aproximação teórico-metodológica entre a História Pública (HP e História Oral (HO. O texto encontra-se estruturado em três partes. Na primeira, além de apresentarmos nossa perspectiva conceitual sobre HP, refletimos sobre a historicidade da noção de HP na Inglaterra, nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil, pontuando seus diversos cruzamentos com a HO. Em seguida, com base numa ampla pesquisa documental, perscrutamos os sentidos de História Oral e o papel atribuído ao historiador e ao conhecimento histórico durante a criação do Laboratório de História Oral da Universidade da Região de Joinville (LHO/Univille. Nesse fazer, analisamos como, no início dos anos 1980, esse espaço foi concebido como parte de uma rede de produção de fontes orais que envolvia numerosas instituições de ensino superior do sul do Brasil e, também, entidades internacionais de atuação multilateral, tais como a Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA e a Secretaria de Cooperação Técnica Internacional do Brasil, subordinada ao então Ministério de Educação e Cultura (SUBIN/MEC. No terceiro e último item, finalizamos o texto tecendo algumas considerações sobre os limites e as possibilidades reflexivas da HP quando articulada à HO e aos recentes debates sobre o papel público do historiador na escrita da História do Tempo Presente.   Palavras-chave: História Pública; História Oral; História do Tempo Presente; LHO/Univille.

Radioimmunoassay with heterologous antibody (hetero-antibody RIA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iwasawa, Atsushi; Hayashi, Hiroaki; Itoh, Zen; Wakabayashi, Katsumi

1991-01-01

To develop a homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) for a hormone of a small or rare animal often meets difficulty in collecting a large amount of purified antigen required for antibody production. On the other hand, to employ a heterologous RIA to estimate the hormone often gives poor sensitivity. To overcome this difficulty, a 'hetero-antibody' RIA was studied. In a hetero-antibody RIA system, a purified preparation of a hormone is used for radioiodination and standardization and a heterologous antibody to the hormone is used for the first antibody. Canine motilin and rat LH were selected as examples, and anti-porcine motilin and anti-hCG, anti-hCGβ or anti-ovine LHβ was used as the heterologous antibody. The sensitivities of the hetero-antibody RIAs were much higher than those of heterologous RIAs in any case, showing that these hetero-antibody RIA systems were suitable for practical use. To clarify the principle of hetero-antibody RIA, antiserum to porcine motilin was fractionated on an affinity column where canine motilin was immobilized. The fraction bound had greater constants of affinity with both porcine and canine motilins than the rest of the antibody fractions. This fraction also reacted with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal sequence common to porcine and canine motilins in a competitive binding test with labeled canine motilin. These results suggest that an antibody population having high affinity and cross-reactivity is present in polyclonal antiserum and indicate that the population can be used in hetero-antibody RIA at an appropriate concentration. (author)

DNA fragmentation: manifestation of target cell destruction mediated by cytotoxic T-cell lines, lymphotoxin-secreting helper T-cell clones, and cell-free lymphotoxin-containing supernatant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmid, D.S.; Tite, J.P.; Ruddle, N.H.

1986-01-01

A Lyt-2 + , trinitrophenyl-specific, lymphotoxin-secreting, cytotoxic T-cell line, PCl 55, mediates the digestion of target cell DNA into discretely sized fragments. This phenomenon manifests itself within 30 min after effector cell encounter as measured by the release of 3 H counts from target cells prelabeled with [ 3 H]deoxythymidine and occurs even at very low effector to target cell ratios (0.25:1). A Lyt-1 + , ovalbumin-specific, lymphotoxin-secreting T-helper cell clone, 5.9.24, is also able to mediate fragmentation of target cell DNA over a time course essentially indistinguishable from the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated hit. Cell-free lymphotoxin-containing supernatants also cause release of DNA from targets, although they require a longer time course, on the order of 24 hr. In contrast, lysis of cells by antibody plus complement or Triton X-100 does not result in DNA release even after extended periods of incubation (24 hr). All three treatments that result in the release of DNA from cells cause fragmentation of that DNA into discretely sized pieces that are multiples of 200 base pairs. The results thus suggest that cytotoxic T cells, lymphotoxin-secreting helper clones with cytolytic activity, and lymphotoxin all effect target cell destruction by means of a similar mechanism and that observed differences in time course and the absence of target cell specificity in killing mediated by lymphotoxin may simply reflect differences in the mode of toxin delivery

Filho de peixe sabe nadar: história e estórias com objetos

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Ana Catarina Nunes

2016-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo apresenta e discute o projeto Filho de Peixe Sabe Nadar, desenvolvido no Museu Marítimo de Ílhavo entre 2010 e 2011, e dirigido a alunos do 4.º ano do 1.º ciclo do Ensino Básico do Município de Ílhavo. Com o objetivo de dar a conhecer a história e as memórias da pesca do bacalhau à linha em dóris de um só homem e em grandes navios de arrasto, pilar temático do Museu Marítimo de Ílhavo, o projeto visou, ainda, estreitar os laços entre gerações e entre a comunidade, procurando incentivar as crianças na procura de antepassados ligados a esta atividade. Ao longo do texto são descritas as várias etapas do projeto, assim como a contextualização teórica que as fundamentam. Através deste projeto, as crianças da comunidade local tiveram oportunidade de confrontar os conhecimentos adquiridos durante uma visita ao Museu Marítimo de Ílhavo e ao Navio Museu Santo André, com as experiências e testemunhos transmitidos pelos familiares ou amigos que entrevistaram e dos quais recolheram objetos que materializam essas vivências. Herança da comunidade ilhavense, a pesca do bacalhau pôde ser vista de forma distinta, com um contacto direto das crianças com os personagens reais da história da Grande Pesca e com os objetos que lhe estão associados. É a partir destes objetos que surgem as estórias desses mesmos personagens que, juntas constroem as memórias da pesca do bacalhau.

Jet fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saxon, D.H.

1985-10-01

The paper reviews studies on jet fragmentation. The subject is discussed under the topic headings: fragmentation models, charged particle multiplicity, bose-einstein correlations, identified hadrons in jets, heavy quark fragmentation, baryon production, gluon and quark jets compared, the string effect, and two successful models. (U.K.)

Multicharged Ion-induced simple molecule fragmentation dynamics; Dynamique de la fragmentation de molecules simples induite par impact d'ion multicharge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tarisien, M

2003-10-01

The aim of this work is to study the dynamics of swift multicharged ion-induced fragmentation of diatomic (CO) and triatomic (CO{sub 2}) molecules. Performed at the GANIL facility, this study used the Recoil Ion Momentum Spectroscopy technique (RIMS), which consists of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer, coupled with a multi-hit capability position sensitive detector (delay line anode). The high-resolution measurement of the kinetic energy distribution released (KER) during the CO fragmentation points out the limitation of the Coulomb Explosion Model, revealing, for example, the di-cation CO{sub 2}{sup +} electronic state contribution in the case of C{sup +}/O{sup +} fragmentation pathway. Furthermore, the multi-ionization cross section dependence with the orientation of the internuclear axis of CO is compared with a geometrical model calculation. Finally, different behaviours are observed for the dissociation dynamics of a triatomic molecule (CO{sub 2}). While triple ionization leads mainly to a synchronous concerted fragmentation dynamics, a weak fraction of dissociating molecule follows a sequential dynamics involving CO{sub 2}{sup +} metastable states. In the case of double ionization, (CO{sub 2}){sup 2+} di-cation dissociation dynamics is asynchronously concerted and has been interpreted using a simple model involving an asymmetrical vibration of the molecule. (author)

A molecular fragment cheminformatics roadmap for mesoscopic simulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Truszkowski, Andreas; Daniel, Mirco; Kuhn, Hubert; Neumann, Stefan; Steinbeck, Christoph; Zielesny, Achim; Epple, Matthias

2014-12-01

Mesoscopic simulation studies the structure, dynamics and properties of large molecular ensembles with millions of atoms: Its basic interacting units (beads) are no longer the nuclei and electrons of quantum chemical ab-initio calculations or the atom types of molecular mechanics but molecular fragments, molecules or even larger molecular entities. For its simulation setup and output a mesoscopic simulation kernel software uses abstract matrix (array) representations for bead topology and connectivity. Therefore a pure kernel-based mesoscopic simulation task is a tedious, time-consuming and error-prone venture that limits its practical use and application. A consequent cheminformatics approach tackles these problems and provides solutions for a considerably enhanced accessibility. This study aims at outlining a complete cheminformatics roadmap that frames a mesoscopic Molecular Fragment Dynamics (MFD) simulation kernel to allow its efficient use and practical application. The molecular fragment cheminformatics roadmap consists of four consecutive building blocks: An adequate fragment structure representation (1), defined operations on these fragment structures (2), the description of compartments with defined compositions and structural alignments (3), and the graphical setup and analysis of a whole simulation box (4). The basis of the cheminformatics approach (i.e. building block 1) is a SMILES-like line notation (denoted f SMILES) with connected molecular fragments to represent a molecular structure. The f SMILES notation and the following concepts and methods for building blocks 2-4 are outlined with examples and practical usage scenarios. It is shown that the requirements of the roadmap may be partly covered by already existing open-source cheminformatics software. Mesoscopic simulation techniques like MFD may be considerably alleviated and broadened for practical use with a consequent cheminformatics layer that successfully tackles its setup subtleties and

RAPD and SSR Polymorphisms in Mutant Lines of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Low Energy Ion Beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Tiegu; Huang Qunce; Feng Weisen

2007-01-01

Two types of markers-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat DNA (SSR)-have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among nine mutant lines of transgenic wheat intermediated by low energy ion beam and their four receptor cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze RAPD-based and SSR-based genetic variance among transgenic wheat lines and with their receptors, and to find specific genetic markers of special traits of transgenic wheat lines. 170 RAPD primers were amplified to 733 fragments in all the experimental materials. There were 121 polymorphic fragments out of the 733 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 16.5%. 29 SSR primer pairs were amplified to 83 fragments in all the experiment materials. There were 57 polymorphic fragments out of the 83 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 68.7%. The dendrograms were prepared based on a genetic distance matrix using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averaging) algorithm, which corresponded well to the results of the wheat pedigree analysis and separated the 13 genotypes into four groups. Association analysis between RAPD and SSR markers with the special traits of transgenic wheat mutant lines discovered that three RAPD markers, s1, opt-16, and f14, were significantly associated with the muticate trait, while three SSR markers, Rht8 (Xgwm261), Rht-B1b, and Rht-D1b, highly associated with the dwarf trait. These markers will be useful for marker-assistant breeding and can be used as candidate markers for further gene mapping and cloning

RAPD and SSR Polymorphisms in Mutant Lines of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Low Energy Ion Beam

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tiegu; Huang, Qunce; Feng, Weisen

2007-10-01

Two types of markers-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat DNA (SSR)-have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among nine mutant lines of transgenic wheat intermediated by low energy ion beam and their four receptor cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze RAPD-based and SSR-based genetic variance among transgenic wheat lines and with their receptors, and to find specific genetic markers of special traits of transgenic wheat lines. 170 RAPD primers were amplified to 733 fragments in all the experimental materials. There were 121 polymorphic fragments out of the 733 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 16.5%. 29 SSR primer pairs were amplified to 83 fragments in all the experiment materials. There were 57 polymorphic fragments out of the 83 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 68.7%. The dendrograms were prepared based on a genetic distance matrix using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averaging) algorithm, which corresponded well to the results of the wheat pedigree analysis and separated the 13 genotypes into four groups. Association analysis between RAPD and SSR markers with the special traits of transgenic wheat mutant lines discovered that three RAPD markers, s1, opt-16, and f14, were significantly associated with the muticate trait, while three SSR markers, Rht8 (Xgwm261), Rht-B1b, and Rht-D1b, highly associated with the dwarf trait. These markers will be useful for marker-assistant breeding and can be used as candidate markers for further gene mapping and cloning.

RAPD and SSR Polymorphisms in Mutant Lines of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Low Energy Ion Beam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tiegu, Wang [Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 (China); Qunce, Huang [Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 (China); Weisen, Feng [Luoyang Institute of Agricultural Science, Luoyang 471022 (China)

2007-10-15

Two types of markers-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat DNA (SSR)-have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among nine mutant lines of transgenic wheat intermediated by low energy ion beam and their four receptor cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze RAPD-based and SSR-based genetic variance among transgenic wheat lines and with their receptors, and to find specific genetic markers of special traits of transgenic wheat lines. 170 RAPD primers were amplified to 733 fragments in all the experimental materials. There were 121 polymorphic fragments out of the 733 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 16.5%. 29 SSR primer pairs were amplified to 83 fragments in all the experiment materials. There were 57 polymorphic fragments out of the 83 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 68.7%. The dendrograms were prepared based on a genetic distance matrix using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averaging) algorithm, which corresponded well to the results of the wheat pedigree analysis and separated the 13 genotypes into four groups. Association analysis between RAPD and SSR markers with the special traits of transgenic wheat mutant lines discovered that three RAPD markers, s1, opt-16, and f14, were significantly associated with the muticate trait, while three SSR markers, Rht8 (Xgwm261), Rht-B1b, and Rht-D1b, highly associated with the dwarf trait. These markers will be useful for marker-assistant breeding and can be used as candidate markers for further gene mapping and cloning.

Missing Fragments: Detecting Cooperative Binding in Fragment-Based Drug Design

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

The aim of fragment-based drug design (FBDD) is to identify molecular fragments that bind to alternate subsites within a given binding pocket leading to cooperative binding when linked. In this study, the binding of fragments to human phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase is used to illustrate how (a) current protocols may fail to detect fragments that bind cooperatively, (b) theoretical approaches can be used to validate potential hits, and (c) apparent false positives obtained when screening against cocktails of fragments may in fact indicate promising leads. PMID:24900472

Detecting fragmentation extinction thresholds for forest understory plant species in peninsular Spain.

Science.gov (United States)

Rueda, Marta; Moreno Saiz, Juan Carlos; Morales-Castilla, Ignacio; Albuquerque, Fabio S; Ferrero, Mila; Rodríguez, Miguel Á

2015-01-01

Ecological theory predicts that fragmentation aggravates the effects of habitat loss, yet empirical results show mixed evidences, which fail to support the theory instead reinforcing the primary importance of habitat loss. Fragmentation hypotheses have received much attention due to their potential implications for biodiversity conservation, however, animal studies have traditionally been their main focus. Here we assess variation in species sensitivity to forest amount and fragmentation and evaluate if fragmentation is related to extinction thresholds in forest understory herbs and ferns. Our expectation was that forest herbs would be more sensitive to fragmentation than ferns due to their lower dispersal capabilities. Using forest cover percentage and the proportion of this percentage occurring in the largest patch within UTM cells of 10-km resolution covering Peninsular Spain, we partitioned the effects of forest amount versus fragmentation and applied logistic regression to model occurrences of 16 species. For nine models showing robustness according to a set of quality criteria we subsequently defined two empirical fragmentation scenarios, minimum and maximum, and quantified species' sensitivity to forest contraction with no fragmentation, and to fragmentation under constant forest cover. We finally assessed how the extinction threshold of each species (the habitat amount below which it cannot persist) varies under no and maximum fragmentation. Consistent with their preference for forest habitats probability occurrences of all species decreased as forest cover contracted. On average, herbs did not show significant sensitivity to fragmentation whereas ferns were favored. In line with theory, fragmentation yielded higher extinction thresholds for two species. For the remaining species, fragmentation had either positive or non-significant effects. We interpret these differences as reflecting species-specific traits and conclude that although forest amount is of

Detecting fragmentation extinction thresholds for forest understory plant species in peninsular Spain.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Rueda

Full Text Available Ecological theory predicts that fragmentation aggravates the effects of habitat loss, yet empirical results show mixed evidences, which fail to support the theory instead reinforcing the primary importance of habitat loss. Fragmentation hypotheses have received much attention due to their potential implications for biodiversity conservation, however, animal studies have traditionally been their main focus. Here we assess variation in species sensitivity to forest amount and fragmentation and evaluate if fragmentation is related to extinction thresholds in forest understory herbs and ferns. Our expectation was that forest herbs would be more sensitive to fragmentation than ferns due to their lower dispersal capabilities. Using forest cover percentage and the proportion of this percentage occurring in the largest patch within UTM cells of 10-km resolution covering Peninsular Spain, we partitioned the effects of forest amount versus fragmentation and applied logistic regression to model occurrences of 16 species. For nine models showing robustness according to a set of quality criteria we subsequently defined two empirical fragmentation scenarios, minimum and maximum, and quantified species' sensitivity to forest contraction with no fragmentation, and to fragmentation under constant forest cover. We finally assessed how the extinction threshold of each species (the habitat amount below which it cannot persist varies under no and maximum fragmentation. Consistent with their preference for forest habitats probability occurrences of all species decreased as forest cover contracted. On average, herbs did not show significant sensitivity to fragmentation whereas ferns were favored. In line with theory, fragmentation yielded higher extinction thresholds for two species. For the remaining species, fragmentation had either positive or non-significant effects. We interpret these differences as reflecting species-specific traits and conclude that although

Transgenic cassava lines carrying heterologous alternative oxidase ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Afuape

2013-07-03

Jul 3, 2013 ... production of flowers, apomixis (Nassar et al., 2000; ... In order to increase the stress tolerance capacity of ... stress-related procedure due to the activities of auxin ... the evaluation of the transgenic lines for rate of OES .... Some transgenic lines carrying the 35S-AOX fragment amplified using 35S303F1 and.

Biblioteca universitária, escolar e comunitária: o caso da biblioteca comunitária “Professora Ebe Alves da Silva” do IFMG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Helena Maria Tarchi Crivellari

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A Expansão da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica ocorrida em 2008, pela lei 11.892, transformou diferentes instituições de ensino técnico federais em Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, que são responsáveis pela educação profissional em diferentes modalidades de ensino, promovendo tanto a educação básica quanto a educação superior. Inseridas nesse contexto estão as bibliotecas dessas instituições, que são, concomitantemente, bibliotecas escolares e universitárias. Com o objetivo de demonstrar o papel dessas bibliotecas, motivado pelo questionamento sobre a possibilidade de convivência desses tipos de bibliotecas em um mesmo espaço, apresenta-se um estudo de caso sobre a Biblioteca Comunitária Professora Ebe Alves da Silva, do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais que, além de escolar e universitária é também “comunitária”, pela sua própria denominação. Para a concretização do estudo de caso foram realizadas entrevistas e aplicados questionários, dirigidos a diferentes atores da comunidade interna e externa da instituição. Os resultados foram submetidos à técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo – DSC - que ilustrou a discussão, relacionando os aspectos teóricos sobre biblioteca escolar, biblioteca universitária e biblioteca comunitária à realidade da Biblioteca Comunitária Professora Ebe Alves da Silva. A pesquisa concluiu que a biblioteca estudada cumpre os três papéis, constituindo-se em uma agente propulsora da democratização da informação e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do município.

As fontes literárias no ensino de História

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan Pagès Blanch

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Existem muitos recursos para levar aos alunos do ensino fundamental e médio o conhecimento e a compreensão do passado, boa parte deles são habitualmente utilizados nas salas de aula. Provavelmente um dos recursos com mais potencialidades educativas é a literatura e, em especial, o romance. Neste artigo propomos que a literatura pode contribuir para a aprendizagem do passado e qual é o valor educativo das fontes literárias no ensino de história e a sugestão de algumas ideias para o seu tratamento na prática.

Transiente superdifusivo em caminhadas aleatórias com perfil de memória q-exponencial

OpenAIRE

Moura, Thiago Rafael da Silva

2016-01-01

Propomos nesta pesquisa um modelo de caminhada aleatória com perfil de decaimento q-exponencial. A função q-exponencial é uma generalização da função exponencial ordinária. No limite q→1, a função q-exponencial torna-se a função exponencial ordinária. Nosso modelo apresenta um comportamento difusivo Markoviano, onde se sabe que o Teorema Central do Limite proibe superdifusão neste caso. Apesar de neste problema não ser esperado o surgimento de uma transição superdifusiva no limite assintótico...

Memória, história e representações: acreditam os replicantes em suas reminiscências?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Weber Abrahão Jr

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo resulta de leituras feitas no Mestrado Profissional em História, na UFG, Regional Catalão, para aproveitamento da disciplina Imaginários e Narrativas no Ensino de História. A partir dos conceitos de memória, história e representação, como analisados por diversos autores, o objetivo do artigo é dialogar com livro e filme, icônicos produtos da indústria cultural: Androides Sonham com Ovelhas Elétricas?, é o livro, de Philip Kindred Dick;  Blade Runner, O Caçador de Androides, é sua adaptação cinematográfica. A trama como desenvolvida nas obras, embora distinta em diversos pontos, permite exercício teórico necessário à formação intelectual do professor-pesquisador. Desse modo, o artigo é uma narrativa permeada pela memória afetiva do autor em relação às obras analisadas, constituindo-se em atividade didática a serviço da formação do professor-pesquisador.

Status of ACCULINNA beam line

CERN Document Server

Rodin, A M; Bogdanov, D D; Golovkov, M S; Fomichev, A S; Sidorchuk, S I; Slepnev, R S; Wolski, R; Ter-Akopian, G M; Oganessian, Yu T; Yukhimchuk, A A; Perevozchikov, V V; Vinogradov, Yu I; Grishenchkin, S K; Demin, A M; Zlatoustovskii, S V; Kuryakin, A V; Filchagin, S V; Ilkaev, R I

2003-01-01

The separator ACCULINNA was upgraded to achieve new experimental requirements. The beam line was extended by new ion-optical elements beyond the cyclotron hall. The new arrangements yield much better background conditions. The intensities of sup 6 He and sup 8 He radioactive beams produced in fragmentation of 35 A MeV sup 1 sup 1 B ions were increased up to a factor of 10. The upgraded beam line was used in experiments to study the sup 5 H resonance states populated in the t+t reaction. A cryogenic liquid tritium target was designed and installed at the separator beam line.

Discovery of C5-C17 poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in water by in-line SPE-HPLC-Orbitrap with in-source fragmentation flagging.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yanna; Pereira, Alberto Dos Santos; Martin, Jonathan W

2015-04-21

The presence of unknown organofluorine compounds in environmental samples has prompted the development of nontargeted analytical methods capable of detecting new perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). By combining high volume injection with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultrahigh resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry, a sensitive (0.003-0.2 ng F/mL for model mass-labeled PFASs) untargeted workflow was developed for discovery and characterization of novel PFASs in water. In the first step, up to 5 mL of water is injected to in-line solid phase extraction, chromatographed by HPLC, and detected by electrospray ionization with mass spectral acquisition in parallel modes cycling back and forth: (i) full scan with ultrahigh resolving power (RP = 120,000, mass accuracy ≤3 ppm), and (ii) in-source fragmentation flagging scans designed to yield marker fragment ions including [C2F5](-) (m/z 118.992), [C3F7](-) (m/z 168.988), [SO4H](-) (m/z 96.959), and [Cl](-) (m/z 34.9). For flagged PFASs, plausible empirical formulas were generated from accurate masses, isotopic patterns, and fragment ions. In the second step, another injection is made to collect high resolution MS/MS spectra of suspect PFAS ions, allowing further confirmation of empirical formulas while also enabling preliminary structural characterization. The method was validated by applying it to an industrial wastewater, and 36 new PFASs were discovered. Of these, 26 were confidently assigned to 3 new PFAS classes that have not previously been reported in the environment: polyfluorinated sulfates (CnFn+3Hn-2SO4(-); n = 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15), chlorine substituted perfluorocarboxylates (ClCnF2nCO2(-); n = 4-11), and hydro substituted perfluorocarboxylates (HCnF2nCO2(-); n = 5-16). Application of the technique to environmental water samples is now warranted.

Structures of endothiapepsin-fragment complexes from crystallographic fragment screening using a novel, diverse and affordable 96-compound fragment library.

Science.gov (United States)

Huschmann, Franziska U; Linnik, Janina; Sparta, Karine; Ühlein, Monika; Wang, Xiaojie; Metz, Alexander; Schiebel, Johannes; Heine, Andreas; Klebe, Gerhard; Weiss, Manfred S; Mueller, Uwe

2016-05-01

Crystallographic screening of the binding of small organic compounds (termed fragments) to proteins is increasingly important for medicinal chemistry-oriented drug discovery. To enable such experiments in a widespread manner, an affordable 96-compound library has been assembled for fragment screening in both academia and industry. The library is selected from already existing protein-ligand structures and is characterized by a broad ligand diversity, including buffer ingredients, carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino acids, peptide-like fragments and various drug-like organic compounds. When applied to the model protease endothiapepsin in a crystallographic screening experiment, a hit rate of nearly 10% was obtained. In comparison to other fragment libraries and considering that no pre-screening was performed, this hit rate is remarkably high. This demonstrates the general suitability of the selected compounds for an initial fragment-screening campaign. The library composition, experimental considerations and time requirements for a complete crystallographic fragment-screening campaign are discussed as well as the nine fully refined obtained endothiapepsin-fragment structures. While most of the fragments bind close to the catalytic centre of endothiapepsin in poses that have been observed previously, two fragments address new sites on the protein surface. ITC measurements show that the fragments bind to endothiapepsin with millimolar affinity.

Structures of endothiapepsin–fragment complexes from crystallographic fragment screening using a novel, diverse and affordable 96-compound fragment library

Science.gov (United States)

Huschmann, Franziska U.; Linnik, Janina; Sparta, Karine; Ühlein, Monika; Wang, Xiaojie; Metz, Alexander; Schiebel, Johannes; Heine, Andreas; Klebe, Gerhard; Weiss, Manfred S.; Mueller, Uwe

2016-01-01

Crystallographic screening of the binding of small organic compounds (termed fragments) to proteins is increasingly important for medicinal chemistry-oriented drug discovery. To enable such experiments in a widespread manner, an affordable 96-compound library has been assembled for fragment screening in both academia and industry. The library is selected from already existing protein–ligand structures and is characterized by a broad ligand diversity, including buffer ingredients, carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino acids, peptide-like fragments and various drug-like organic compounds. When applied to the model protease endothiapepsin in a crystallographic screening experiment, a hit rate of nearly 10% was obtained. In comparison to other fragment libraries and considering that no pre-screening was performed, this hit rate is remarkably high. This demonstrates the general suitability of the selected compounds for an initial fragment-screening campaign. The library composition, experimental considerations and time requirements for a complete crystallographic fragment-screening campaign are discussed as well as the nine fully refined obtained endothiapepsin–fragment structures. While most of the fragments bind close to the catalytic centre of endothiapepsin in poses that have been observed previously, two fragments address new sites on the protein surface. ITC measurements show that the fragments bind to endothiapepsin with millimolar affinity. PMID:27139825

Bird communities in two oceanic island forests fragmented by roads ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Although most studies on road effects on birds have been conducted on continental grounds, road fragmentation on oceanic islands is often heavier. We assessed variation in bird communities near (≤ 25 m) and far (>100 m) from forest roads dividing laurel and pine forests on Tenerife, Canary Islands. Line transects were ...

Astrophysics at RIA (ARIA) Working Group

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, Michael S.; Schatz, Hendrik; Timmes, Frank X.; Wiescher, Michael; Greife, Uwe

2006-01-01

The Astrophysics at RIA (ARIA) Working Group has been established to develop and promote the nuclear astrophysics research anticipated at the Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA). RIA is a proposed next-generation nuclear science facility in the U.S. that will enable significant progress in studies of core collapse supernovae, thermonuclear supernovae, X-ray bursts, novae, and other astrophysical sites. Many of the topics addressed by the Working Group are relevant for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory, the planned GSI-Fair facility, and other advanced radioactive beam facilities

A Generalised Sweep-Line Method for Safety Properties

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mailund; Kristensen, Lars Michael

2002-01-01

The recently developed sweep-line method exploits progress present in many concurrent systems to explore the full state space of the system while storing only small fragments of the state space in memory at a time. A disadvantage of the sweep-line method is that it relies on a monotone and global...

Memória e história: Hannah Arendt em diálogo com Walter Benjamin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magalhães, Marionilde Brepohl de

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A autora tem como proposta refletir sobre o papel da memória e da História em nossa cultura contemporânea, através de uma aproximação ao pensamento de Hannah Arendt e Walter Benjamin

A PROJEÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA NO "MURAL DE HISTÓRIAS" DE MAYSA

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Guilherme Moreira Fernandes

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, fazemos uma breve reflexão sobre os mecanismos de projeção e formação identitárias presentes no espaço "Mural de Histórias", do portal da minissérie Maysa: quando fala o coração, exibida em 2009 pela TV Globo. A metodologia da análise de conteúdo nos permitiu categorizar as várias facetas da cantora comentadas pelos internautas. Utilizando os estudos de Aluizio Trinta sobre os mecanismos de projeção-identificação, pudemos inferir que parcela dos internautas se dispôs a refletir sobre a identidade deles. Também percebemos que as múltiplas plataformas criadas pela emissora permitem uma aproximação maior do público e um espaço para manifestações de alegrias e angústias.

Towards a population synthesis model of self-gravitating disc fragmentation and tidal downsizing II: the effect of fragment-fragment interactions

Science.gov (United States)

Forgan, D. H.; Hall, C.; Meru, F.; Rice, W. K. M.

2018-03-01

It is likely that most protostellar systems undergo a brief phase where the protostellar disc is self-gravitating. If these discs are prone to fragmentation, then they are able to rapidly form objects that are initially of several Jupiter masses and larger. The fate of these disc fragments (and the fate of planetary bodies formed afterwards via core accretion) depends sensitively not only on the fragment's interaction with the disc, but also with its neighbouring fragments. We return to and revise our population synthesis model of self-gravitating disc fragmentation and tidal downsizing. Amongst other improvements, the model now directly incorporates fragment-fragment interactions while the disc is still present. We find that fragment-fragment scattering dominates the orbital evolution, even when we enforce rapid migration and inefficient gap formation. Compared to our previous model, we see a small increase in the number of terrestrial-type objects being formed, although their survival under tidal evolution is at best unclear. We also see evidence for disrupted fragments with evolved grain populations - this is circumstantial evidence for the formation of planetesimal belts, a phenomenon not seen in runs where fragment-fragment interactions are ignored. In spite of intense dynamical evolution, our population is dominated by massive giant planets and brown dwarfs at large semimajor axis, which direct imaging surveys should, but only rarely, detect. Finally, disc fragmentation is shown to be an efficient manufacturer of free-floating planetary mass objects, and the typical multiplicity of systems formed via gravitational instability will be low.

Wind energy's subtle effect - habitat fragmentation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pruett, Jay

2011-07-01

Full text: New wind energy production facilities are being built to accommodate demands for more, renewable, emission-free energy. This development is most often in windy, remote parts of the United States, so new transmission infrastructure capacity is also needed for shipment of energy from prairies, hilltops and shorelines to distant population centres. Well known environmental effects from wind energy development have included direct mortality to birds and bats. However, there is a more subtle effect also at play. 'Habitat fragmentation' is an impact caused by the siting and presence of infrastructure features on wildlife species. Instead of direct mortality, there is behavioural avoidance of such features because of activity, noise and even simply the presence of vertical structures that are different from the original nature of the habitat. This fragmentation threatens to make some of the last remaining habitat for declining species, especially grassland birds, unusable by them. Prairie grouse such as prairie chickens and sage grouse appear to be particularly susceptible to habitat fragmentation due to the presence of vertical structures. Other species such as the grasshopper sparrow have also been shown to avoid such features. It is believed that these species have evolved to avoid any vertical structure because it can serve as a perch for bird-eating raptors, including eagles, hawks, falcons and owls. Certain life cycle stages, such as nesting and chick rearing, appear to be most vulnerable to these fragmentation influences. Some of the research contributing to concern over habitat fragmentation, along with the mechanism of such fragmentation, will be presented. Solutions will also be offered for the siting of wind energy facilities and transmission lines to avoid this negative environmental impact. (Author)

DINÂMICA DA MEMÓRIA: LEITE DERRAMADO E MEMÓRIAS PÓSTUMAS DE BRÁS CUBAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JURACY ASSMANN SARAIVA

Full Text Available Resumo Partindo do pressuposto de que a memória é um dos fundamentos da literatura, o artigo compara Leite derramado, de Chico Buarque, com Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis. A análise explicita semelhanças e diferenças entre esses romances memorialísticos, relativas a aspectos temáticos e composicionais, e comprova que ambos compõem uma alegoria da nacionalidade brasileira, estabelecendo um paralelismo entre o percurso da vida dos protagonistas, ou de sua família, e episódios da história do Brasil. Conclui que os procedimentos criativos das narrativas compõem um jogo de espelhos que, ao envolver o leitor, reivindica a importância da literatura como espaço de reflexão sobre si mesma e sobre acontecimentos da história, os quais a ficção projeta sob nova luz.

DNA fragmentation and cell cycle arrest: a hallmark of apoptosis induced by crocin from kashmiri saffron in a human pancreatic cancer cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Bakshi, Hamid; Sam, Smitha; Rozati, Roya; Sultan, Phalisteen; Islam, Tajamul; Rathore, Babita; Lone, Zahoor; Sharma, Manik; Triphati, Jagrati; Saxena, Ramesh Chand

2010-01-01

Apoptosis, a widely important mechanism that contributes to cell growth reduction, is reported to be induced by Crocus sativus in different cancer types. The present study was designed to elucidate apoptosis induction by crocin, a main component of Crocus sativus in a human pancreatic cancer cell line (BxPC-3). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, Hoechest33258 staining was used to detect the chromatin condensation characteristic of apoptosis, and DNA fragmentation was assessed by gel electrophoresis and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Crocin induced apoptosis and G1-phase cell cycle arrest of BxPC-3 cells, while decreasing cell viability in a dose dependent and time dependent manner. Cells treated with 10μg/L crocin exhibited apoptotic morphology (brightly blue-fluorescent condensed nuclei on Hoechst 33258 staining) and reduction of volume. DNA analysis revealed typical ladders as early as 12 hours after treatment indicative of apoptosis. Our preclinical study demonstrated a pancreatic cancer cell line to be highly sensitive to crocin-mediated growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death. Although the molecular mechanisms of crocin action are not yet clearly understood, it appears to have potential as a therapeutic agent.

Universal elements of fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yanovsky, V. V.; Tur, A. V.; Kuklina, O. V.

2010-01-01

A fragmentation theory is proposed that explains the universal asymptotic behavior of the fragment-size distribution in the large-size range, based on simple physical principles. The basic principles of the theory are the total mass conservation in a fragmentation process and a balance condition for the energy expended in increasing the surface of fragments during their breakup. A flux-based approach is used that makes it possible to supplement the basic principles and develop a minimal theory of fragmentation. Such a supplementary principle is that of decreasing fragment-volume flux with increasing energy expended in fragmentation. It is shown that the behavior of the decreasing flux is directly related to the form of a power-law fragment-size distribution. The minimal theory is used to find universal asymptotic fragment-size distributions and to develop a natural physical classification of fragmentation models. A more general, nonlinear theory of strong fragmentation is also developed. It is demonstrated that solutions to a nonlinear kinetic equation consistent with both basic principles approach a universal asymptotic size distribution. Agreement between the predicted asymptotic fragment-size distributions and experimental observations is discussed.

A Reportagem Jornalistica e a Memória - Histórias em Movimento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jerusa de Oliveira Michel

2016-03-01

Full Text Available O trabalho analisa a partir de diferentes campos do conhecimento: antropologia, etnografia, etnicidade, território, história e memória em suas diversas abordagens, e o gênero jornalístico reportagem, a perspectiva de construção de conhecimento interdisciplinar, identificando os pontos de convergência entre os campos. Utiliza metodologia etnográfica/interdisciplinar, focando o trabalho da jornalista Eliane Brum à luz do referencial teórico construído.

Selective Nonoperative Management of Penetrating Torso Injury From Combat Fragmentation Wounds

Science.gov (United States)

2008-02-01

outlines the paradigm of care: “Penetrating inju- ries below the nipples , above the symphysis pubis, and between the posterior axillary lines must be...abdo- men and were hemodynamically stable and without abdom- inal pain or tenderness. CT scan of some of these casualties revealed fragments in the lumen

HISTÓRIAS E MEMÓRIAS INSTITUCIONAIS A PARTIR DO ACERVO FOTOGRÁFICO DO CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO FRANCISCANO (1955 1980)

OpenAIRE

Luciana Souza de Brito

2010-01-01

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo acerca das histórias e memórias do Centro Universitário Franciscano, que podem ser interpretadas por meio da análise do acervo fotográfico da instituição. O objetivo geral desse trabalho consiste no tratamento, de acordo com os critérios arquivísticos, do acervo fotográfico do Centro Universitário Franciscano, referente ao período situado entre os anos de 1955 e 1980, com a finalidade de estudar e evocar as histórias e memórias da instituição. Como objetivo...

On-line immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry using Fab´antibody fragments for the analysis of serum transthyretin.

Science.gov (United States)

Pont, Laura; Benavente, Fernando; Barbosa, José; Sanz-Nebot, Victoria

2017-08-01

This paper describes an on-line immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (IA-SPE-CE-MS) method using an immunoaffinity sorbent with Fab' antibody fragments (Fab'-IA) for the analysis of serum transthyretin (TTR), a homotetrameric protein (M r ~56,000) involved in different types of amyloidosis. The IA sorbent was prepared by covalent attachment of Fab' fragments obtained from a polyclonal IgG antibody against TTR to succinimidyl silica particles. The Fab'-IA-SPE-CE-MS methodology was first established analyzing TTR standard solutions. Under optimized conditions, repeatability and reproducibility were acceptable, the method was linear between 1 and 25µgmL -1 , limits of detection (LODs) were around 0.5µgmL -1 (50-fold lower than by CE-MS, ~25µgmL -1 ) and different TTR conformations were observed (folded and unfolded). The applicability of the developed method to screen for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy type I (FAP-I), which is the most common hereditary systemic amyloidosis, was evaluated analyzing serum samples from healthy controls and FAP-I patients. For the analysis of sera, the most abundant proteins were precipitated with 5% (v/v) of phenol before Fab'-IA-SPE-CE-MS. The current method enhanced our previous results for the analysis of TTR using intact antibodies immobilized on magnetic beads. It allowed a slight improvement on LODs (2-fold), the detection of proteoforms found at lower concentrations and the preparation of microcartridges with extended durability. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Coriorretinite esclopetária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isaac Carvalho de Oliveira Ramos

2015-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de trauma ocular por projétil de arma de fogo, que atingiu e se alojou na cavidade orbitária, desenvolvendo coriorretinite esclopetária. Foram abordados o mecanismo fisiopatológico, os principais achados clínicos e de exames complementares, além das opções de tratamento. As características do caso relatado reforçam a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar no trauma ocular.

Researches of WWER fuel rods behaviour under RIA accident conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nechaeva, O.; Medvedev, A.; Novikov, V.; Salatov, A.

2003-01-01

Unirradiated fuel rod and refabricated fuel rod tests in the BIGR as well as acceptance criteria proving absence of fragmentation and the settlement modeling of refabricated fuel rods thermomechanical behavior in the BIGR-tests using RAPTA-5 code are discussed in this paper. The behaviour of WWER type simulators with E110 and E635 cladding was researched at the BIGR reactor under power pulse conditions simulating reactivity initiated accident. The results of the tests in four variants of experimental conditions are submitted. The behaviour of 12 WWER type refabricated fuel rods was researched in the BIGR reactor under power pulse conditions simulating reactivity initiated accident: burnup 48 and 60 MWd/kgU, pulse width 3 ms, peak fuel enthalpy 115-190 cal/g. The program of future tests in the research reactor MIR with high burnup fuel rod (up to 70 MWd/kgU) under conditions simulating design RIA in WWER-1000 is presented

Genetic and epigenetic status of triple exotic consanguinity cotton introgression lines.

Science.gov (United States)

He, S P; Sun, J L; Du, X M

2011-10-03

Introgression lines are some of the most important germplasm for breeding applications and other research conducted on cotton crops. The DNA methylation level among 10 introgression lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and three exotic parental species (G. arboreum, G. thurberi and G. barbadense) were assessed by methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technology. The methylation level in the introgression lines ranged from 33.3 to 51.5%. However, the lines PD0111 and PD0113 had the lowest methylation level (34.6 and 33.3%, respectively) due to demethylation of most non-coding sequences. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to evaluate the genetic polymorphism in the cotton introgression lines. A high degree of polymorphism was observed in all introgression lines (mean 47.2%) based on AFLP and MSAP analyses. This confirmed the effects of genetic improvement on cotton introgression lines. The low methylation varieties, PD0111 and PD0113 (introgression lines), clustered outside of the introgression lines based on MSAP data, which was incongruent with an AFLP-based dendrogram. This phenomenon could be caused by environmental changes or introgression of exotic DNA fragments.

O PESO DA MEMÓRIA: LITERATURA E HISTÓRIA NA ACÁDIA.

OpenAIRE

Finney, James de

2012-01-01

A história está no centro da literatura e da identidade dos acadianos, uma história extremamente rica, de consonâncias míticas e bíblicas: um povo inocente é forçado a dispersar-se pelo continente americano e pela Europa, de 1755 a 1762, condenado ao exílio e à errância, antes de poder reconquistar penosamente seu direito à existência. Entretanto, a força emotiva e a coerência dessa narrativa constituem, para os acadianos, uma faca de dois gumes: numerosos autores, ao difundi-la, confinaram a...

Quando Clio toca as Pandoras: os arquivos entre histórias e memórias DOI: 10.5965/2175180305092013203

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sylvie Sagnes

2013-06-01

Full Text Available História e memória não são duas noções que podem sobrepor-se exatamente e isto tanto menos quanto o passado do qual elas dão conta traz a marca de um traumatismo da história. No coração das relações desarmônicas que têm Clio e Mnemósine, guarda-se o arquivo. Em semelhante caso, o tratamento do qual este é objeto constitui de modo incontestável um observatório das inumeráveis implicações que a rememoração do passado suscita. Se alguns duvidam dessa verdade, os trabalhos e ensaios franceses dos quais este artigo propõe a síntese o ilustram eloquentemente. Eles mostram, em contraposição às ambições que o arquivo suscita, o poder que nossas representações ocidentais imputam à sua posse. Alvo de uma violência de outro gênero, o arquivo negligenciado nutre polêmicas a favor das quais variam as alianças e se movem linhas de ruptura. Sobre o tabuleiro da memória, militantes, historiadores profissionais, políticos, legisladores e juízes jogam um jogo complicado, do qual, a contar dos anos 1980, participam as testemunhas assim como os historiadores provindos das fileiras das comunidades memoriais. À prova da prova, as memórias se entrechocam. Memórias dominadas e dominantes, vitimárias e heroicas, subjetivas e objetivas, memórias do coração e da razão se opõem em um estrépito cujos solavancos afetam infalivelmente a disciplina histórica.

Pipe line construction for reactor containment buildings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aoki, Masataka; Yoshinaga, Toshiaki

1978-01-01

Purpose: To prevent the missile phenomenon caused by broken fragments due to pipe whip phenomenon in a portion of pipe lines connected to a reactor containment from prevailing to other portions. Constitution: Various pipe lines connected to the pressure vessel are disposed at the outside of the containments and they are surrounded with a plurality of protection partition walls respectively independent from each other. This can eliminate the effect of missile phenomena upon pipe rupture from prevailing to the pipe lines and instruments. Furthermore this can afford sufficient spaces for the pipe lines, as well as for earthquake-proof supports. (Horiuchi, T.)

(A)bordar memórias, tecer histórias : fazeres teatrais em Brasília (1970-1990)

OpenAIRE

Carrijo, Elizângela

2010-01-01

(A)bordar e tecer lembram habilidades manuais e produções que, no final, têm o toque de quem as cria. Aqui, não é diferente, pois, ao tecer histórias ao longo dessas páginas, dei pontos e enlaces por meio de memórias relatadas por Dulcina de Moraes, Geraldo Martuchelli, Hugo Rodas, Humberto Pedrancini, Iara Pietricovsky, Jesus Vivas, João Antônio e José Maria B. de Paiva, construindo assim uma narrativa compartilhada, com nossos toques especiais. Ao estudar história e cultura, fazendo uso da ...

Controlled fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnold, Werner

2002-01-01

Contrary to natural fragmentation, controlled fragmentation offers the possibility to adapt fragment parameters like size and mass to the performance requirements in a very flexible way. Known mechanisms like grooves inside the casing, weaken the structure. This is, however, excluded for applications with high accelerations during launch or piercing requirements for example on a semi armor piercing penetrator. Another method to achieve controlled fragmentation with an additional grid layer is presented with which the required grooves are produced 'just in time' inside the casing during detonation of the high explosive. The process of generating the grooves aided by the grid layer was studied using the hydrocode HULL with respect to varying grid designs and material combinations. Subsequent to this, a large range of these theoretically investigated combinations was contemplated in substantial experimental tests. With an optimised grid design and a suitable material selection, the controlled fragment admits a very flexible adaptation to the set requirements. Additional advantages like the increase of perforation performance or incendiary amplification can be realized with the grid layer

Using codebooks of fragmented connected-component contours in forensic and historic writer identification

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schomaker, L.R.B.; Franke, K.; Bulacu, M.L.

2007-01-01

Recent advances in 'off-line' writer identification allow for new applications in handwritten text retrieval from archives of scanned historical documents. This paper describes new algorithms for forensic or historical writer identification, using the contours of fragmented connected-components in

Anastomose mamária-coronária: análise de 2923 casos Mammary-coronary artery anastomosis: analysis of 2923 cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jarbas J Dinkhuysen

1987-04-01

Full Text Available Foi a partir de 1972 que, no Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, se iniciou o emprego da anastomose mamária-coronária associada, ou não, a pontes de safena, ou a outros procedimentos. Nessa época, apenas a artéria mamária interna esquerda (AMIE foi usada (57 casos para a revascularização da descendente anterior (DA ou diagonal. No período 1973/1974 (386 casos, já ocorreram as primeiras anastomoses seqüenciais AMIE-DA/DA, assim como a artéria mamária interna direita (AMID passou a ser empregada para ramos diagonais. Com a finalidade de verificar a evolução tardia desta técnica, sua aplicação foi praticamente interrompida, entre 1975/1982, restringindo-se a apenas 43 casos, nesse período. Entretanto, a partir de 1982 até junho de 1986, ocorreu significativo incremento na sua aplicação (2374 casos, sendo que, desde então, a quase totalidade (93% das cirurgias de revascularização do miocárdio tem uma ou mais coronárias tratadas com anastomose mamária-coronária. A combinação mais freqüente é AMIE/DA nos casos de mamária isolada e AMIE/DA e AMID/Mg Cx nos casos de dupla mamária. Contudo, observaram-se, na casuística, as mais variadas combinações (71 e associações, abrangendo, praticamente, todas as artérias coronárias. Analisando-se o pós-operatório imediato de um grupo isolado de 177 pacientes operados em 1984, observou-se que esta técnica não influiu na ocorrência de deiscência parcial, ou total, de esterno, em reoperação por sangramento; todavia, ocorreram, em 25% dos casos, elevação transitória da cúpula frénica, atelectasia em 17% e derrame pleural residual em 27,6%, geralmente concomitantes. Em relação à evolução tardia, num grupo de 754 pacientes com mamária e safena e com evolução até 9 anos, em 924 (71,8% dos enxertos reestudados, constataram-se índices de permeabilidade de 91,5% nas mamárias versus 70,6% (826 das pontes de safena. Em outro grupo (102 pacientes, com evolu

Fragmentation cross sections outside the limiting-fragmentation regime

CERN Document Server

Sümmerer, K

2003-01-01

The empirical parametrization of fragmentation cross sections, EPAX, has been successfully applied to estimate fragment production cross sections in reactions of heavy ions at high incident energies. It is checked whether a similar parametrization can be found for proton-induced spallation around 1 GeV, the range of interest for ISOL-type RIB facilities. The validity of EPAX for medium-energy heavy-ion induced reactions is also checked. Only a few datasets are available, but in general EPAX predicts the cross sections rather well, except for fragments close to the projectile, where the experimental cross sections are found to be larger.

Universality of fragment shapes.

Science.gov (United States)

Domokos, Gábor; Kun, Ferenc; Sipos, András Árpád; Szabó, Tímea

2015-03-16

The shape of fragments generated by the breakup of solids is central to a wide variety of problems ranging from the geomorphic evolution of boulders to the accumulation of space debris orbiting Earth. Although the statistics of the mass of fragments has been found to show a universal scaling behavior, the comprehensive characterization of fragment shapes still remained a fundamental challenge. We performed a thorough experimental study of the problem fragmenting various types of materials by slowly proceeding weathering and by rapid breakup due to explosion and hammering. We demonstrate that the shape of fragments obeys an astonishing universality having the same generic evolution with the fragment size irrespective of materials details and loading conditions. There exists a cutoff size below which fragments have an isotropic shape, however, as the size increases an exponential convergence is obtained to a unique elongated form. We show that a discrete stochastic model of fragmentation reproduces both the size and shape of fragments tuning only a single parameter which strengthens the general validity of the scaling laws. The dependence of the probability of the crack plan orientation on the linear extension of fragments proved to be essential for the shape selection mechanism.

Anomalous nuclear fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karmanov, V.A.

1983-01-01

Experimental data are given, the status of anomalon problem is discussed, theoretical approaches to this problem are outlined. Anomalons are exotic objects formed following fragmentation of nuclei-targets under the effect of nuclei - a beam at the energy of several GeV/nucleon. These nuclear fragments have an anomalously large cross section of interaction and respectively, small free path, considerably shorter than primary nuclei have. The experimental daa are obtained in accelerators following irradiation of nuclear emulsions by 16 O, 56 Fe, 40 Ar beams, as well as propane by 12 C beams. The experimental data testify to dependence of fragment free path on the distance L from the point of the fragment formation. A decrease in the fragment free path is established more reliably than its dependence on L. The problem of the anomalon existence cannot be yet considered resolved. Theoretical models suggested for explanation of anomalously large cross sections of nuclear fragment interaction are variable and rather speculative

Representação do Passado e História Pública: a História das Mulheres na Internet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriela Correa

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar as relações entre internet, representação do passado e história pública. Para tanto, se valerá da análise do website e página do Facebook “As Mina na História”, criada em junho de 2015. Neste exame, explorará questões tais como o tipo de representação do passado oferecido neste espaço virtual, o perfil da sua audiência e a linguagem utilizada. A fim de avançar em tais problemáticas, são tecidos alguns breves comentários sobre o ensino de história das mulheres no Brasil. Por fim, busca-se, a partir desta abordagem, propor algumas reflexões sobre a história pública que tem sido praticada no país, para além da questão da ampliação do público “consumidor” de história.   Palavras-chave: Representação; História Pública; Internet; Mulheres.

A Recepção dos Tratados Internacionais em Matéria Tributária pelo Ordenamento Jurídico Brasileiro

OpenAIRE

Bianca Castellar de Faria

2006-01-01

A presente dissertação objetiva analisar a forma de recepção dos tratados internacionais em matéria tributária pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Para isso, é fundamental verificar a relação entre o direito internacional e o direito interno, por meio da análise das teorias monista e dualista. Apresenta-se o Direito Tributário Internacional como uma das variações do Direito Internacional Público, com o objetivo de introduzir a matéria tributária. Estudam-se os tratados como uma das principa...

RER conception and it's application in RIA quality assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Defu

1998-01-01

The history, developing and applications in analysing of RIA random error are discussed. Some function expressions of RIA quality parameters are established. It supply the effective mathematic methods for the theory analysis of RIA error and the normalized quality control

LINES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Minas Bakalchev

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The perception of elements in a system often creates their interdependence, interconditionality, and suppression. The lines from a basic geometrical element have become the model of a reductive world based on isolation according to certain criteria such as function, structure, and social organization. Their traces are experienced in the contemporary world as fragments or ruins of a system of domination of an assumed hierarchical unity. How can one release oneself from such dependence or determinism? How can the lines become less “systematic” and forms more autonomous, and less reductive? How is a form released from modernistic determinism on the new controversial ground? How can these elements or forms of representation become forms of action in the present complex world? In this paper, the meaning of lines through the ideas of Le Corbusier, Leonidov, Picasso, and Hitchcock is presented. Spatial research was made through a series of examples arising from the projects of the architectural studio “Residential Transformations”, which was a backbone for mapping the possibilities ranging from playfulness to exactness, as tactics of transformation in the different contexts of the contemporary world.

Trajetórias identitárias e sentidos do trabalho docente para professores universitários

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tânia Regina Raitz

2014-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo compreender a trajetória identitária profissional de seis professoras universitárias e analisar os sentidos atribuídos por elas ao trabalho docente. A investigação tratou-se, metodologicamente, de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, com o uso do gravador, em que as professoras apresentaram explicações que oferecem, ao leitor, mais elementos para a compreensão de aspectos revelados sobre suas trajetórias profissionais e sobre como significam seu trabalho docente. O tratamento das informações se deu por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que os sentidos do trabalho, na contemporaneidade, aparecem diversificados, entrecruzados, ambivalentes e contraditórios. Essa diversidade se caracteriza pela complexidade da própria identidade, sempre em constituição, e também em razão de o mundo estar em constante mudança, especialmente o mundo do trabalho, que acaba por afetar o trabalho docente universitário, repercutindo também numa reconfiguração da identidade profissional.

Apontamentos sobre uma análise do discurso da crítica literária universitária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grenissa STAFUZZA

2011-07-01

Full Text Available No presente artigo, tecemos alguns apontamentos sobre uma análise do discurso da crítica literária universitária mostrando uma trajetória de construção do discurso crítico acadêmico especializado na literatura. Para tanto, consideramos a transformação do gênero artigo crítico literário, de autoria de professores universitários, publicados em uma revista especializada, assim como a recepção crítica do escritor James Joyce e de sua obra, ressaltando a sua legitimação na universidade.

Apontamentos sobre uma análise do discurso da crítica literária universitária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grenissa STAFUZZA

2013-10-01

Full Text Available No presente artigo, tecemos alguns apontamentos sobre uma análise do discurso da crítica literária universitária mostrando uma trajetória de construção do discurso crítico acadêmico especializado na literatura. Para tanto, consideramos a transformação do gênero artigo crítico literário, de autoria de professores universitários, publicados em uma revista especializada, assim como a recepção crítica do escritor James Joyce e de sua obra, ressaltando a sua legitimação na universidade.

Nuclear fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, K.C.

1989-01-01

An introduction to nuclear fragmentation, with emphasis in percolation ideas, is presented. The main theoretical models are discussed and as an application, the uniform expansion approximation is presented and the statistical multifragmentation model is used to calculate the fragment energy spectra. (L.C.)

Progress towards construction of a total restriction fragment map of a human chromosome.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

H. Vissing; F.G. Grosveld (Frank); E. Solomon; G. Moore; N. Lench; N. Shennan; R. Williamson

1987-01-01

textabstractWe present an approach to the construction of an overlapping restriction fragment map of a single human chromosome. A genomic cosmid library genome was constructed from a mouse-human hybrid cell line containing chromosome 17 as its only human genetic component. Cosmids containing human

Engineering of radioimmunoassay (RIA) IP10.1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hari Nurcahyadi

2010-01-01

Engineering of Radioimmunoassay (RIA) IP10.1 is an innovative by PRPN - BATAN in 2010. Innovations made to the device IP10.1 RIA is the sample changer system, sample changer system on the device RIA IP10.1 applied 2 linear axis system (X, Z) with AC servo motor. In the RIA IP10.1 also use 5 pieces of the detector, so the enumeration process 50 (Fifty) sample is expected to be faster. Like its predecessor, The whole enumeration, data collection procedures and mechanisms operating within this system is entirely controlled by a PC via an electronic module. Electronics module consists of a high voltage module, amplifier and signal processor module, the module enumerators, low-voltage module, the module driver motor controller and a USB interface. The data acquisition and communication system using a USB port with the computer. (author)

[Preparation of monoclonal antibody against 4-amylphenol and homology modeling of its Fv fragment].

Science.gov (United States)

Cheng, Lei; Wu, Haizhen; Fei, Jing; Zhang, Lujia; Ye, Jiang; Zhang, Huizhan

2017-03-01

Objective To prepare and characterize a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against 4-amylphenol (4-AP), clone its cDNA sequence and make homology modeling for its Fv fragment. Methods A high-affinity anti-4-AP mAb was generated from a hybridoma cell line F10 using electrofusion between splenocytes from APA-BSA-immunized mouse and Sp2/0 myeloma cells. Then we extracted the mRNA of F10 cells and cloned the cDNA of mAb. The homology modeling and molecular docking of its Fv fragment was conducted with biological software. Results Under the optimum conditions, the ic-ELISA equation was y=A 2 +(A 1 -A 2 )/(1+(x/x 0 ) p ) (A 1 =1.28; A 2 =-0.066; x 0 =12560.75; p=0.74) with a correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.997. The lowest detectable limit was 0.65 μg/mL. The heavy and light chains of mAb respectively belonged to IgG1 and Kappa. The homology modeling and molecular docking studies revealed that the binding of 4-Ap and mAb was attributed to the hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions. Conclusion The study successfully established a stable 4-AP mAb-secreting hybridoma cell line. The study on spatial structure of Fv fragment using homology modeling provided a reference for the development and design of single chain variable fragments.

Comparison of Drosophilidae (Diptera assemblages from two highland Araucaria Forest fragments, with and without environmental conservation policies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R Cavasini

Full Text Available Flies from the Drosophilidae family are model organisms for biological studies and are often suggested as bioindicators of environmental quality. The Araucaria Forest, one of Atlantic Forest phyto-physiognomy, displays a highly fragmented distribution due to the expansion of agriculture and urbanization. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate and compare the drosophilid assemblages from two highland Araucaria Forest fragments, one a conservation unit (PMA – Parque Municipal das Araucárias and the other a private property without any conservational policy (FBL – Fazenda Brandalise, in space and time, using species abundances and richness, ecological indexes and Neotropical and exotic species proportions as parameters to establish the level of environmental quality of these fragments. Our results showed that the observed diversity in PMA (H′ = 2.221 was approximately 40% higher than in FBL (H′ = 1.592. This could be due to higher preservation quality and habitat diversity in PMA, indicating the importance of conservation units. However, richness were similar for these areas, with PMA (Dmg = 6.602 only 8% higher than FBL (Dmg = 6.128, which suggest that the larger distance from city limits and the larger size of FBL forested area could be compensating the higher disturbance caused by antrophic extractive exploitation of this fragment. This points out that, besides the quality of presevertion, the size and/or connection with other fragments should be considered for areas destined for biodiversity conservation. In general, both areas presented similar drosophilid assemblages, and the expressive abundance of both Neotropical species (mostly of the subgroup willistoni and the exotic species D. kikkawai suggests that these areas are in intermediate stages of conservation.

Comparison of Drosophilidae (Diptera) assemblages from two highland Araucaria Forest fragments, with and without environmental conservation policies.

Science.gov (United States)

Cavasini, R; Buschini, M L T; Machado, L P B; Mateus, R P

2014-11-01

Flies from the Drosophilidae family are model organisms for biological studies and are often suggested as bioindicators of environmental quality. The Araucaria Forest, one of Atlantic Forest phyto-physiognomy, displays a highly fragmented distribution due to the expansion of agriculture and urbanization. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate and compare the drosophilid assemblages from two highland Araucaria Forest fragments, one a conservation unit (PMA - Parque Municipal das Araucárias) and the other a private property without any conservational policy (FBL - Fazenda Brandalise), in space and time, using species abundances and richness, ecological indexes and Neotropical and exotic species proportions as parameters to establish the level of environmental quality of these fragments. Our results showed that the observed diversity in PMA (H' = 2.221) was approximately 40% higher than in FBL (H' = 1.592). This could be due to higher preservation quality and habitat diversity in PMA, indicating the importance of conservation units. However, richness were similar for these areas, with PMA (Dmg = 6.602) only 8% higher than FBL (Dmg = 6.128), which suggest that the larger distance from city limits and the larger size of FBL forested area could be compensating the higher disturbance caused by antrophic extractive exploitation of this fragment. This points out that, besides the quality of presevertion, the size and/or connection with other fragments should be considered for areas destined for biodiversity conservation. In general, both areas presented similar drosophilid assemblages, and the expressive abundance of both Neotropical species (mostly of the subgroup willistoni) and the exotic species D. kikkawai suggests that these areas are in intermediate stages of conservation.

Memória e justiça: o negacionismo e a falsificação da história

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Odilon Caldeira Neto

2009-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca analisar os embates gerados dentro do processo de formação e transformação das memórias coletivas, em especial no caso da memória das vítimas e sobreviventes da Segunda Guerra Mundial, particularmente com o Holocausto (Shoah. Procura ainda compreender como se dá o surgimento de teses que afirmam a inexistência do Holocausto e da existência de um suposto complô judaico de dominação mundial, ou seja, o fenômeno negacionista e os reflexos desta prática no Brasil, assim como os esforços de diversas categorias profissionais em salvaguardar a memória e a disciplina histórica das ameaças de falsificações intole-rantes e discriminatórias.

Aspectos actuais da hipertensão arterial pulmonar: primária e secundária

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Emilia Álvares

1997-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: A situação patológica mais importante na circulação pulmonar é o desenvolvimeoto da Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar, que pode resultar de doença parenquimatosa pulmonar, alterações da parede vascular ou da obstrução do lúmen por trombose ou embolia.Procurouse com este trabalho, fazer uma revisão actual da literatura médica acerca da hipertensão arterial pulmonar primária e secundária.Debruçãmos-nos essencialmente, sobre os seus cooceitos fisiopatológicos, critérios diagnósticos e aspectos terapêuticos mais recentes. ABSTRACT: The most important response of pulmonary blood vessels to disease is the development of increased pulmonary arterial pressure that may result from parenchymal disease of the lungs, changes in the walls of the blood vessels or obstruction to the lumen caused by thrombosis or embolization.The aim of the authors in this study, was to make a actual review of the medical literature about of primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension.We report about this entity, essentially physiopatologic concepts, diagnosis approach and therapeutics aspects, more recent. Palavras-chave: Hipertensão Pulmonar, Primária, Secundária, Classificação, Tratamento, Key-words: Pulmonary Hypertension, Primary, Secondary, Classification, Therapeutic

Memórias perdidas, identidades sem cidadania

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Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Este texto procura contribuir para o debate sobre as políticas identitárias no Moçambique contemporâneo. Contrapondo, através de vários exemplos, a diversidade identitária do tecido social do país à altivez ignorante das estruturas de poder nele presentes, o texto procura problematizar, em vários momentos históricos, a fratura cognitiva entre o projeto político nacional, conceptualizado a partir das elites que controlam o Estado, e o plurilinguismo e a polifonia que constroem o tecido social real. A partir desta dicotomia o texto explora o discurso sobre a nação a várias vozes, problematizando os sentidos das lições da história de Moçambique e os múltiplos silenciamentos que a narrativa histórica dominante vem realizando.

String fragmentation; La fragmentation des cordes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Drescher, H.J.; Werner, K. [Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associees - SUBATECH, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 44 - Nantes (France)

1997-10-01

The classical string model is used in VENUS as a fragmentation model. For the soft domain simple 2-parton strings were sufficient, whereas for higher energies up to LHC, the perturbative regime of the QCD gives additional soft gluons, which are mapped on the string as so called kinks, energy singularities between the leading partons. The kinky string model is chosen to handle fragmentation of these strings by application of the Lorentz invariant area law. The `kinky strings` model, corresponding to the perturbative gluons coming from pQCD, takes into consideration this effect by treating the partons and gluons on the same footing. The decay law is always the Artru-Menessier area law which is the most realistic since it is invariant to the Lorentz and gauge transformations. For low mass strings a manipulation of the rupture point is necessary if the string corresponds already to an elementary particle determined by the mass and the flavor content. By means of the fragmentation model it will be possible to simulate the data from future experiments at LHC and RHIC 3 refs.

Olhar do cronista, registro da memória

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Angela Maria Dutra da Silva Senra

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Propomos apresentar a pesquisa “Rastros da memória literária em crônicas dos jornais marianenses dos séculos XIX e XX” (PERPÉTUA, 2015, que tem como fonte um acervo de periódicos da cidade de Mariana (MG, hoje sob a guarda do Centro de Pesquisas Linguagem, Memória e Tradução do ICHS-UFOP. Dada a evidente relação desse acervo com a memória sociocultural da cidade, nossa pesquisa, em andamento, volta-se objetivamente para identificar e selecionar crônicas literárias publicadas nos periódicos, com a subsequente análise em sua correlação com a memória da região, sob as bases de um significativo material teórico sobre esse gênero. Assim, com vistas a adentrar no passado memorial da cidade de Mariana, apresentaremos o resultado parcial da nossa investigação, que tem proporcionado o conhecimento acerca da crônica; e do registro memorial dessa cidade em razão de sua importância no cenário histórico, social e cultural de Minas Gerais.

Vilas operárias e higienismo na cidade de Vitória, as iniciativas governamentais no Espírito Santo - Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dra. Arq. Luciana Nemer Diniz

2015-12-01

Full Text Available As vilas operárias foram a materialização habitacional da política higienista promovida pelos governos para a transformação das cidades - novos padrões funcionais e formais. O processo de industrialização foi propulsor dessas alterações em busca de um habitat operário compatível com as necessidades básicas de reprodução da força de trabalho. A participação de médicos e engenheiros sanitaristas norteou as reformas urbanas. Em Vitória o engenheiro Saturnino de Brito projetou o “Novo Arrabalde” em 1896 onde previu duas vilas operárias. A construção de moradia para os empregados remete ao período da escravidão, porém na cidade as vilas operárias estão relacionadas ao período industrial e como o café permaneceu por mais tempo como principal produto da economia capixaba as vilas surgiram a partir da primeira década do século XX. Em Vitória a formação de cortiços foi tímida e não houve corrida no início do século passado por habitação na região central. O aterro e loteamento do Campinho, concluído em 1912 e a construção de vinte e oito casas para funcionários estatais em suas imediações foram às primeiras iniciativas do governo relacionadas à habitação operária na cidade. As vilas operárias em Vitória, suas causas e simbolismos são análises que o presente trabalho propõe-se realizar

Psicologia Comunitária: uma abordagem conceitual

OpenAIRE

Gomes, Antonio Maspoli de Araujo

2009-01-01

Este artigo apresenta as principais tentativas de conceituação das correntes teóricas sobre a psicologia comunitária, ligadas a psicologia social. A partir da análise dos dados obtidos podemos afirmar que a Psicologia Comunitária é um saber em construção, pragmático, derivado da Psicologia Social. Concluímos também que muitas das teorias referenciadas e das técnicas citadas pelos psicólogos que trabalham em Psicologia Comunitária são derivadas dos referenciais teóricos da Psicologia Comunitár...

Fission fragment angular momentum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frenne, D. De

1991-01-01

Most of the energy released in fission is converted into translational kinetic energy of the fragments. The remaining excitation energy will be distributed among neutrons and gammas. An important parameter characterizing the scission configuration is the primary angular momentum of the nascent fragments. Neutron emission is not expected to decrease the spin of the fragments by more than one unit of angular momentum and is as such of less importance in the determination of the initial fragment spins. Gamma emission is a suitable tool in studying initial fragment spins because the emission time, number, energy, and multipolarity of the gammas strongly depend on the value of the primary angular momentum. The main conclusions of experiments on gamma emission were that the initial angular momentum of the fragments is large compared to the ground state spin and oriented perpendicular to the fission axis. Most of the recent information concerning initial fragment spin distributions comes from the measurement of isomeric ratios for isomeric pairs produced in fission. Although in nearly every mass chain isomers are known, only a small number are suitable for initial fission fragment spin studies. Yield and half-life considerations strongly limit the number of candidates. This has the advantage that the behavior of a specific isomeric pair can be investigated for a number of fissioning systems at different excitation energies of the fragments and fissioning nuclei. Because most of the recent information on primary angular momenta comes from measurements of isomeric ratios, the global deexcitation process of the fragments and the calculation of the initial fragment spin distribution from measured isomeric ratios are discussed here. The most important results on primary angular momentum determinations are reviewed and some theoretical approaches are given. 45 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs

An experimental comparative study of radiography, ultrasonography and CT imaging in the IV catheter fragment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kweon, Dae Cheol

2016-01-01

The objective of this study was to detect the fragments generated during IV (intravenous) catheter injection of contrast medium and drug administration in a clinical setting and removal was performed by experimentally producing a phantom, and to compare the radiography, ultrasonography, and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging and radiation dose. A 1 cm fragment of an 18 gage Teflon® IV catheter with saline was inserted into the IV control line. Radiography, CT, and ultrasonography were performed and radiography and CT dose were calculated. CT and ultrasonography showed an IV catheter fragment clinically and radiography showed no visible difference in the ability to provide a useful image of an IV catheter fragment modality (p >.05). Radiography of effective dose (0.2139 mSv·Gy-1·cm-2) form DAP DAP (0.93 μGy·m2 ), and dose length product (DLP) (201 mGy·cm) to effective dose was calculated as 0.483 mSv. IV catheter fragment were detected of radiography, ultrasonography and CT. These results can be obtained by menas of an excellent IV catheter fragment of detection capability CT. However, CT is followed by radiation exposure. IV catheter fragment confirming the position and information recommend an ultrasonography

Targeting ceramide metabolic pathway induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vethakanraj, Helen Shiphrah; Babu, Thabraz Ahmed; Sudarsanan, Ganesh Babu; Duraisamy, Prabhu Kumar; Ashok Kumar, Sekar, E-mail: sekarashok@gmail.com

2015-08-28

The sphingolipid ceramide is a pro apoptotic molecule of ceramide metabolic pathway and is hydrolyzed to proliferative metabolite, sphingosine 1 phosphate by the action of acid ceramidase. Being upregulated in the tumors of breast, acid ceramidase acts as a potential target for breast cancer therapy. We aimed at targeting this enzyme with a small molecule acid ceramidase inhibitor, Ceranib 2 in human breast cancer cell lines MCF 7 and MDA MB 231. Ceranib 2 effectively inhibited the growth of both the cell lines in dose and time dependant manner. Morphological apoptotic hallmarks such as chromatin condensation, fragmented chromatin were observed in AO/EtBr staining. Moreover, ladder pattern of fragmented DNA observed in DNA gel electrophoresis proved the apoptotic activity of Ceranib 2 in breast cancer cell lines. The apoptotic events were associated with significant increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bad, Bax and Bid) and down regulation of anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl 2). Interestingly, increase in sub G1 population of cell cycle phase analysis and elevated Annexin V positive cells after Ceranib 2 treatment substantiated its apoptotic activity in MCF 7 and MDA MB 231 cell lines. Thus, we report Ceranib 2 as a potent therapeutic agent against both ER{sup +} and ER{sup −} breast cancer cell lines. - Highlights: • Acid Ceramidase inhibitor, Ceranib 2 induced apoptosis in Breast cancer cell lines (MCF 7 and MDA MB 231 cell lines). • Apoptosis is mediated by DNA fragmentation and cell cycle arrest. • Ceranib 2 upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and down regulated anti-apoptotic gene expression. • More potent compared to the standard drug Tamoxifen.

Targeting ceramide metabolic pathway induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vethakanraj, Helen Shiphrah; Babu, Thabraz Ahmed; Sudarsanan, Ganesh Babu; Duraisamy, Prabhu Kumar; Ashok Kumar, Sekar

2015-01-01

The sphingolipid ceramide is a pro apoptotic molecule of ceramide metabolic pathway and is hydrolyzed to proliferative metabolite, sphingosine 1 phosphate by the action of acid ceramidase. Being upregulated in the tumors of breast, acid ceramidase acts as a potential target for breast cancer therapy. We aimed at targeting this enzyme with a small molecule acid ceramidase inhibitor, Ceranib 2 in human breast cancer cell lines MCF 7 and MDA MB 231. Ceranib 2 effectively inhibited the growth of both the cell lines in dose and time dependant manner. Morphological apoptotic hallmarks such as chromatin condensation, fragmented chromatin were observed in AO/EtBr staining. Moreover, ladder pattern of fragmented DNA observed in DNA gel electrophoresis proved the apoptotic activity of Ceranib 2 in breast cancer cell lines. The apoptotic events were associated with significant increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bad, Bax and Bid) and down regulation of anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl 2). Interestingly, increase in sub G1 population of cell cycle phase analysis and elevated Annexin V positive cells after Ceranib 2 treatment substantiated its apoptotic activity in MCF 7 and MDA MB 231 cell lines. Thus, we report Ceranib 2 as a potent therapeutic agent against both ER + and ER − breast cancer cell lines. - Highlights: • Acid Ceramidase inhibitor, Ceranib 2 induced apoptosis in Breast cancer cell lines (MCF 7 and MDA MB 231 cell lines). • Apoptosis is mediated by DNA fragmentation and cell cycle arrest. • Ceranib 2 upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and down regulated anti-apoptotic gene expression. • More potent compared to the standard drug Tamoxifen

Oralidade e memória: o registro audiovisual de A história de Lélio e Lina de Guimarães Rosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eleni Ferreira de Souza Gonçalves

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho aborda as questões da memória e da oralidade na narrativa de Guimarães Rosa. Adotamos uma análise comparativa entre a novela A história de Lélio e Lina e o respectivo registro oral – em forma de documentário – feito pelos Grupos de Contadores de Histórias de Cordisburgo e do Morro da Garça, em Minas Gerais. Analisamos no texto roseano transposto para o suporte audiovisual o que se mantém em um e outro e verificamos os possíveis efeitos que causam ao leitor e ao espectador. Na transposição, se a memória do texto escrito permanece, os elementos da oralidade e da memória sertaneja adquirem outra dimensão na fala dos narradores. Referenciamo-nos no livro A memória Coletiva, de Maurice Halbwachs, e na entrevista de Guimarães Rosa a Gunter Lorenz, na qual o escritor enfatiza aspectos decisivos de sua escrita, sua relação com a língua e linguagem e sua memória em relação ao sertão.

Azimuthal Anisotropies in Nuclear Fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dabrowska, A.; Szarska, M.; Trzupek, A.; Wolter, W.; Wosiek, B.

2002-01-01

The directed and elliptic flow of fragments emitted from the excited projectile nuclei has been observed for 158 AGeV Pb collisions with the lead and plastic targets. For comparison the flow analysis has been performed for 10.6 AGeV Au collisions with the emulsion target. The strong directed flow of heaviest fragments is found. Light fragments exhibit directed flow opposite to that of heavy fragments. The elliptic flow for all multiply charged fragments is positive and increases with the charge of the fragment. The observed flow patterns in the fragmentation of the projectile nucleus are practically independent of the mass of the target nucleus and the collision energy. Emission of fragments in nuclear multifragmentation shows similar, although weaker, flow effects. (author)

Analysis of fission-fragment mass distribution within the quantum-mechanical fragmentation theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Singh, Pardeep; Kaur, Harjeet [Guru Nanak Dev University, Department of Physics, Amritsar (India)

2016-11-15

The fission-fragment mass distribution is analysed for the {sup 208}Pb({sup 18}O, f) reaction within the quantum-mechanical fragmentation theory (QMFT). The reaction potential has been calculated by taking the binding energies, Coulomb potential and proximity potential of all possible decay channels and a stationary Schroedinger equation has been solved numerically to calculate the fission-fragment yield. The overall results for mass distribution are compared with those obtained in experiment. Fine structure dips in yield, corresponding to fragment shell closures at Z = 50 and N=82, which are observed by Bogachev et al., are reproduced successfully in the present calculations. These calculations will help to estimate the formation probabilities of fission fragments and to understand many related phenomena occurring in the fission process. (orig.)

Panorama da estrutura presidiária brasileira

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Renata de Oliveira Cartaxo

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Descrever, a partir do Sistema Integrado de Informações Penitenciárias – Infopen, aspectos da estrutura prisional nacional, características dos apenados e perfil dos profissionais existentes para garantir o preceito constitucional de assistência à saúde. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de base documental, realizado a partir de dados secundários disponíveis no Sistema Integrado de Informações Penitenciárias, no qual analisaram-se a estrutura carcerária brasileira, o perfil do apenado no que tange a características pessoais e do crime cometido, e os profissionais envolvidos na assistência à saúde. Resultados: Constata-se que existem 298.275 vagas, ocupadas por 496.251 presos nos 1.857 estabelecimentos penais. No tocante ao perfil dos presos, verifica-se que 92,3% (461.444 são do sexo masculino, na faixa etária entre 18 e 24 anos (25,6% - 126.929, da cor parda (36,7% - 82.354, comensino fundamental incompleto (40,7% - 201.938, que cometeram, principalmente, o crime de tráfico de entorpecentes (23,5% - 100.648. Quanto à composição da equipe de assistência à saúde, evidencia-se um total de 5.132 profissionais registrados no sistema. Conclusão: Constata-se, a partir do sistema integrado de informações penitenciárias, que a estrutura carcerária brasileira se caracteriza por apresentar um déficit de vagas, ocasionada pelasuperlotação e/ou saturação dos estabelecimentos existentes, o que dificulta, em especial, a garantia do atendimento às necessidades de saúde dos apenados.

Políticas Públicas de Memória O Programa Pontos de Memória no Contexto Sul-Rio-Grandense

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Mariana Boujadi Mariano da Silva

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo busca realizar uma análise do Programa Pontos de Memória, do Instituto Brasileiro de Museus. Analisando o Programa, observa-se a iniciativa de preservar a memória de determinados grupos sociais considerados excluídos da representação de museus ditos tradicionais, através da implementação de espaços de memória ou ações sociomuseológicas, que narrem suas histórias a partir do suporte de patrimônios locais. A análise parte de questionamentos iniciais: quais são as memórias e as identidades que o Programa seleciona para narrar, através de quais ferramentas ocorre a divulgação e sobretudo a apropriação deste patrimônio por parte da comunidade? Para analisar as causas e os efeitos desta política pública, o trabalho observará e discutirá o alcance e a influência que esses espaços exercem nas comunidades, as ações desenvolvidas e a longevidade desses espaços ou ações no contexto sul-rio-grandense.

A história cultural e as fontes de pesquisa

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Alboni Marisa Dudeque Pianovski Vieira

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Na primeira metade do século XX, a história “abriu-se” para as demais ciências, com uma proposta de diálogo interdisciplinar. O campo historiográfico, então, sofreu mudança significativa, obrigando os historiadores a reconsiderar o conceito de fontes, para além daquelas predominantemente documentais, na pesquisa em história. Sobre essas fontes de pesquisa incide a reflexão, considerando-se a contribuição que os avanços tecnológicos trazem à coleta de dados, em particular, na história oral. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de estudo de caso, com caráter bibliográfico, que traça uma retrospectiva da história cultural, enfatizando as possibilidades de uso da história oral. Como aporte teórico, foram consultados estudos de Ribeiro (2003, Pesavento (2005 e Alberti (2005. Os resultados apontam para possibilidades de utilização da história oral na pesquisa em história cultural.

Fragmentation inside atomic cooling haloes exposed to Lyman-Werner radiation

Science.gov (United States)

Regan, John A.; Downes, Turlough P.

2018-04-01

Supermassive stars born in pristine environments in the early Universe hold the promise of being the seeds for the supermassive black holes observed as high redshift quasars shortly after the epoch of reionisation. H2 suppression is thought to be crucial in order to negate normal Population III star formation and allow high accretion rates to drive the formation of supermassive stars. Only in the cases where vigorous fragmentation is avoided will a monolithic collapse be successful, giving rise to a single massive central object. We investigate the number of fragmentation sites formed in collapsing atomic cooling haloes subject to various levels of background Lyman-Werner flux. The background Lyman-Werner flux manipulates the chemical properties of the gas in the collapsing halo by destroying H2. We find that only when the collapsing gas cloud shifts from the molecular to the atomic cooling regime is the degree of fragmentation suppressed. In our particular case, we find that this occurs above a critical Lyman-Werner background of J ˜ 10 J21. The important criterion being the transition to the atomic cooling regime rather than the actual value of J, which will vary locally. Once the temperature of the gas exceeds T ≳ 104 K and the gas transitions to atomic line cooling, then vigorous fragmentation is strongly suppressed.

Hypervelocity Impact Test Fragment Modeling: Modifications to the Fragment Rotation Analysis and Lightcurve Code

Science.gov (United States)

Gouge, Michael F.

2011-01-01

Hypervelocity impact tests on test satellites are performed by members of the orbital debris scientific community in order to understand and typify the on-orbit collision breakup process. By analysis of these test satellite fragments, the fragment size and mass distributions are derived and incorporated into various orbital debris models. These same fragments are currently being put to new use using emerging technologies. Digital models of these fragments are created using a laser scanner. A group of computer programs referred to as the Fragment Rotation Analysis and Lightcurve code uses these digital representations in a multitude of ways that describe, measure, and model on-orbit fragments and fragment behavior. The Dynamic Rotation subroutine generates all of the possible reflected intensities from a scanned fragment as if it were observed to rotate dynamically while in orbit about the Earth. This calls an additional subroutine that graphically displays the intensities and the resulting frequency of those intensities as a range of solar phase angles in a Probability Density Function plot. This document reports the additions and modifications to the subset of the Fragment Rotation Analysis and Lightcurve concerned with the Dynamic Rotation and Probability Density Function plotting subroutines.

[Involvement of distal fragment of chromosome 13 in the regulation of sensitivity to ethanol in mice].

Science.gov (United States)

Bazovkina, D V; Kulikov, A V

2015-01-01

The role of the fragment 57-65 cM of mouse chromosome 13 was studied in the regulation of ethanol action on locomotor activity, anxiety and sensitivity to hypnotic and hypothermic effects of ethanol. We used male mice of recombinant lines AKR/J and AKR.CBA-D13Mit76C, differing only in this fragment. After acute administration of ethanol only AKR mice showed the increase in the length of traveled distance in the open-field test (p mice demonstrated the increase the time spent in the center of open-field arena (p mice. The results suggest the involvement of the distal fragment 57-65 cM of chromosome 13 in the mechanisms of ethanol action in mice.

Detection of DNA polymorphisms in Dendrobium Sonia White mutant lines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Affrida Abu Hassan; Putri Noor Faizah Megat Mohd Tahir; Zaiton Ahmad; Mohd Nazir Basiran

2006-01-01

Dendrobium Sonia white mutant lines were obtained through gamma ray induced mutation of purple flower Dendrobium Sonia at dosage 35 Gy. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique was used to compare genomic variations in these mutant lines with the control. Our objectives were to detect polymorphic fragments from these mutants to provide useful information on genes involving in flower colour expression. AFLP is a PCR based DNA fingerprinting technique. It involves digestion of DNA with restriction enzymes, ligation of adapter and selective amplification using primer with one (pre-amplification) and three (selective amplification) arbitrary nucleotides. A total number of 20 primer combinations have been tested and 7 produced clear fingerprint patterns. Of these, 13 polymorphic bands have been successfully isolate and cloned. (Author)

Principles of RIA data management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chase, G.D.

1983-01-01

The ultimate objective of an RIA is to correlate observed values of radioactivity with observed clinical manifestations that may indicate the existence of a particular disease or metabolic malfunction. To achieve this objective, a two-step process may be considered. First, it is necessary to measure the concentration of a particular chemical entity, the analyte, in the sample presented for analysis. In most cases the analyte is a drug, hormone, or vitamin, or another well-defined chemical substance of known structure and molecular weight. The principal responsibility for measuring the analyte concentration rests with the clinical chemist performing the assay. Second, it is necessary to interpret the assay results in the light of patient history and clinical observations. The principal responsibility for this step lies with the clinician. In this paper, only the first step, the RIA, is considered. Although RIAs in particular are discussed, many of the topics considered apply equally well to radioassays in which the specific binder is not an antibody and to immunoassays in which the tag is not a radioisotope

RIA Fuel Codes Benchmark - Volume 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marchand, Olivier; Georgenthum, Vincent; Petit, Marc; Udagawa, Yutaka; Nagase, Fumihisa; Sugiyama, Tomoyuki; Arffman, Asko; Cherubini, Marco; Dostal, Martin; Klouzal, Jan; Geelhood, Kenneth; Gorzel, Andreas; Holt, Lars; Jernkvist, Lars Olof; Khvostov, Grigori; Maertens, Dietmar; Spykman, Gerold; Nakajima, Tetsuo; Nechaeva, Olga; Panka, Istvan; Rey Gayo, Jose M.; Sagrado Garcia, Inmaculada C.; Shin, An-Dong; Sonnenburg, Heinz Guenther; Umidova, Zeynab; Zhang, Jinzhao; Voglewede, John

2013-01-01

Reactivity-initiated accident (RIA) fuel rod codes have been developed for a significant period of time and they all have shown their ability to reproduce some experimental results with a certain degree of adequacy. However, they sometimes rely on different specific modelling assumptions the influence of which on the final results of the calculations is difficult to evaluate. The NEA Working Group on Fuel Safety (WGFS) is tasked with advancing the understanding of fuel safety issues by assessing the technical basis for current safety criteria and their applicability to high burnup and to new fuel designs and materials. The group aims at facilitating international convergence in this area, including the review of experimental approaches as well as the interpretation and use of experimental data relevant for safety. As a contribution to this task, WGFS conducted a RIA code benchmark based on RIA tests performed in the Nuclear Safety Research Reactor in Tokai, Japan and tests performed or planned in CABRI reactor in Cadarache, France. Emphasis was on assessment of different modelling options for RIA fuel rod codes in terms of reproducing experimental results as well as extrapolating to typical reactor conditions. This report provides a summary of the results of this task. (authors)

A line technology of subterranean mining by means of nuclear explosions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gushchin, V.V.; Vasin, K.D.; Nifontov, B.I.; Odrov, Yu.L.; Myasnikov, K.V.; Kol'tsov, V.M.; Kornev, G.N.; Degtyarev, V.A.

1976-01-01

The basic principles of a line technology of extracting firm ores, including break-up of ore by means of subterranean nuclear explosions, the removal of ore from sorting blocks by means of vibrator feeders and transporting it to intermediate levels via a new type of belt conveyor on mobile supports are considered. A method of crushing ore by nuclear explosions on reflecting surfaces is proposed to obtain a more uniform fragmentation of ore, increase the output of fragmented ore per unit capacity, and to preserve mining output. The basic principles of designing a system of mining based on a line technology are formulated and one variant of such a system is presented

Revascularização da artéria coronária direita intra-atrial Revascularization of intracavitary right coronary artery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Artur Lourenção Júnior

1990-12-01

Full Text Available A artéria coronária direita, em seu trajeto no sulco atrioventricular direito, pode, em raras ocasiões, penetrar na cavidade atrial direita. Esta variação anatômica poderá modificar a tática cirúrgica em operações de revascularização miocárdica. No presente trabalho, relatamos o caso em que a ponte de veia safena para a artéria coronária direita foi realizada em posição intra-atrial direita.The right coronary artery, during your course in the right atrioventricular sulcus, can sometimes penetrate the right atrial cavity. This anatomical variety can modify the surgical tactics in aortocoronary by-pass surgery. In this paper we present a patient in whom the by-pass with saphenous vein graft to the right coronary artery was made in right intracavitary position.

Exact Solutions of Fragmentation Equations with General Fragmentation Rates and Separable Particles Distribution Kernels

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S. C. Oukouomi Noutchie

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We make use of Laplace transform techniques and the method of characteristics to solve fragmentation equations explicitly. Our result is a breakthrough in the analysis of pure fragmentation equations as this is the first instance where an exact solution is provided for the fragmentation evolution equation with general fragmentation rates. This paper is the key for resolving most of the open problems in fragmentation theory including “shattering” and the sudden appearance of infinitely many particles in some systems with initial finite particles number.

Land fragmentation and production diversification

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ciaian, Pavel; Guri, Fatmir; Rajcaniova, Miroslava; Drabik, Dusan; Paloma, Sergio Gomez Y.

2018-01-01

We analyze the impact of land fragmentation on production diversification in rural Albania. Albania represents a particularly interesting case for studying land fragmentation as the fragmentation is a direct outcome of land reforms. The results indicate that land fragmentation is an important driver

História, estórias e memórias mineiras em Guimarães Rosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francis Paulina Lopes da Silva

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Leitura de aspectos da cultura popular, presentes no processo de construção ficcional  de Guimarães  Rosa, o “contista de contos críticos”, que confessara: "Não preciso  in venta r contos,  eles vêm até  mim”. Pela alquimia da palavra e m seu estado primitivo, a fusão do  real e ficcional com o obsessiva defesa de que "a legítima literatura  deve servida". A multiplicação do imaginário rural mineiro n a narrativa rosiana, especificamente, em contos de Tutaméia e Ave, Palavra. Historia e estória n o cotidiano do  povo  do sertão  mineiro. Pelo  jogo da memória narrativa popular, a construção da identidade cultural sertaneja e a recriação do mito: "No sertão, o homem é o eu que ainda não encontrou o tu:  por isso ali os anjos ou o diabo ainda  manuseiam a língua".

Fragmentation processes in nuclear reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Legrain, R.

1984-08-01

Projectile and nuclear fragmentation are defined and processes referred to are recalled. The two different aspects of fragmentation are considered but the emphasis is also put on heavy ion induced reactions. The preliminary results of an experiment performed at GANIL to study peripheral heavy ions induced reactions at intermediate energy are presented. The results of this experiment will illustrate the characteristics of projectile fragmentation and this will also give the opportunity to study projectile fragmentation in the transition region. Then nuclear fragmentation is considered which is associated with more central collisions in the case of heavy ion induced reactions. This aspect of fragmentation is also ilustrated with two heavy ion experiments in which fragments emitted at large angle have been observed

Cutis verticis gyrata primária essencial

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Schenato Letícia K.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: relatar um caso raro de uma criança portadora da forma primária essencial de Cutis verticis gyrata.Descrição: menino de 9 anos, apresenta importante hipertrofia da pele do couro cabeludo, com dobras que se assemelham aos giros cerebrais. Não apresenta retardo mental, nem alterações oftalmológicas e não há relatos semelhantes na família.Comentários: o diagnóstico de Cutis verticis gyrata primária essencial foi estabelecido pela presença de redundância da pele do couro cabeludo e ausência de alterações neurológicas e oftalmológicas, tendo-se feito o diagnóstico diferencial com as formas secundárias que incluem: nevo intradérmico cerebriforme, paquidermoperiostose, acromegalia e doenças inflamatórias do couro cabeludo. Trata-se do único relato na literatura de uma criança com esta forma de Cutis verticis gyrata.

Estórias e história: memórias de telespectadores sobre novelas de 1970 e 1980 = Stories and history: TV viewers’ memories about 70s and 80s soap operas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gonçales, Diego Franco

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre as relações entre memórias, imaginário e telenovelas. Utilizando depoimentos de telespectadores da região do Grande ABC (estado de São Paulo, colhidos por meio da metodologia da História Oral, articula memórias individuais sobre as telenovelas e o contexto sociopolítico das décadas de 1970 e 1980. Como resultado, apresenta a percepção de um gradual despertar dos entrevistados para a complexidade da relação TV-sociedade, e também a ação de uma visão retroativa sobre a qualidade das telenovelas (as novelas atuais precipitando uma visão de que as novelas anteriores eram melhores. Por fm, aponta para a fecundidade desse caminho metodológico: o estudo das memórias como uma ferramenta para a compreensão da infuência da telenovela sobre o imaginário social

Analysis of Blade Fragment Risk at a Wind Energy Facility

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simms, David A [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Larwood, Scott [University of the Pacific

2018-04-06

An analysis was performed to determine the risk posed by wind turbine fragments on roads and buildings at the National Wind Technology Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The authors used a previously developed model of fragment trajectory and took into account the wind speed/direction distribution at the site and the probability of rotor failure. The risk was assessed by determining the likelihood of impact and related consequences. For both the roads and buildings, the risk varied from low to routine, which was considered acceptable. The analysis was compared with previous recommendations on wind turbine setback distances. The results showed that a setback to property lines of 2 times the overall turbine height would be acceptable. However, the setback to dwellings should probably be increased from 3 to 3.5 times the overall turbine height for an acceptable risk.

Matéria atrai matéria... e a antimatéria?

OpenAIRE

Chalub, Fabio Augusto da Costa Carvalho

2016-01-01

A lei da Gravidade de Newton afirma que duas partículas se atraem, sobre a linha que as une, com uma força proporcional ao produto das massas e inversamente proporcional ao quadrado da distância. Mas o que aconteceria se tivéssemos partículas de massa negativa? Será possível que tenhamos por aí partículas que se repelem? Será a antimatéria uma candidata a sentir a força antigravitacional? Uma nova pesquisa lança luz nestes antigos mistérios. publishersversion published

Produção de matéria seca da braquiária de acordo com os atributos químicos de um Latossolo em Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Montanari

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Forrageiras rústicas, como as braquiárias, são predominantes na região do Cerrado, no sistema de pecuária extensiva, que favorece a degradação do solo. Entretanto, com o tempo, nem mesmo essas forrageiras conseguem bom desenvolvimento nessas áreas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a variabilidade dos atributos estudados da planta e do solo; definir as correlações lineares e espaciais entre a produtividade do capim-braquiária com os atributos químicos do solo pesquisado, e pesquisar, dentre os atributos químicos do solo, aquele que melhor se apresente para explicar a variabilidade da produtividade dessa forrageira. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma área manejada com pastagem há 30 anos, na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (FEPE da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira - UNESP, em Selvíria - MS. Foi instalada a malha geoestatística num Latossolo Vermelho aluminoférrico, para a coleta de dados do solo e da planta, contendo 121 pontos amostrais, constituídos de 11 transeções, com 160 m de largura, na direção dos eixos cartesianos. A produção de massa de matéria seca de capim-braquiária foi baixa, apresentando alta variação. Os atributos MSr, N, PB, MO1, MO2, pHa1, pHa2, pHk1 e pHk2 não variaram aleatoriamente e apresentaram variabilidade dos dados entre baixa e alta, e seguiram padrões espaciais bem definidos, com alcances entre 17,7 e 162,9 m. Houve correlação linear significativa a 1% entre a MSr e o N, e entre MSr e a PB. A existência dos semivariogramas cruzados MSr=f(N e MSr=f(PB atestou que essa matéria seca pode ser estimada a partir dos dados do teor de nitrogênio foliar e proteína bruta dessa forrageira.

EM BUSCA DA HISTORICIDADE DO MUNICÍPIO DE QUEIMADOS: EXPERIÊNCIAS POSSÍVEIS ENTRE A HISTÓRIA PÚBLICA E O ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA

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Claudia Patrícia de Oliveira Costa Correio

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Claudia Patrícia de Oliveira Costa Correio DOI: 10.12957/periferia.2014.17236Durante as entrevistas realizadas junto à população queimadense entre os anos de 2009 e 2013, identificamos significativo desconforto revelado diante do desenvolvimento da cidade. Tal desconforto expressou-se, na fala dos entrevistados, a partir do crescente interesse dos depoentes em compartilhar suas memórias, registrando-as como "uma resposta ou reação, diante das mudanças rápidas e de uma vida sem âncoras ou raízes" (JELIN, 2002, p. 9. Nesse sentido, constatamos que a preocupação de muitos queimadenses, especialmente aqueles cujas trajetórias de vida se caracterizaram pela maior atuação na esfera pública, introduz questões como a importância das memórias para a escrita e o ensino de História, sua divulgação, a patrimonialização cultural e a dívida do presente com o passado.Palavras-chave: Ensino de História; história pública; memória; Queimados

A memória de Borges

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Eneida Maria Souza

2010-08-01

nefasta ou de outra ordem? Sem atribuir algum juízo de valor ao debate, pretende-se apontar um dos pontos da poética borgiana responsável por sua consagração mundial, qual seja, o da autonomia literária. A presença/ausência da imagem do escritor/autor transforma-se em tema literário, intriga que se enreda/desenreda como espelho reduplicador da vida literária e da literatura.

LOCA and RIA studies at JAERI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sugiyama, Tomoyuki; Nagase, Fumihisa; Nakamura, Jinichi; Fuketa, Toyoshi

2004-01-01

To provide a data base for the regulatory guide of light water reactors, behavior of reactor fuels during off-normal and postulated accident conditions such as loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) and reactivity-initiated accident (RIA) is being studied at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). The LOCA program consists of integral thermal shock tests and other separate tests for oxidation rate and mechanical property of fuel claddings. Prior to the tests on irradiated claddings, the tests have been conducted on non-irradiated claddings to examine separate effects of corrosion and hydrogen absorption during reactor operation. The tests on irradiated claddings have recently been started and results have been obtained. As for an RIA study, a series of experiments with high burnup fuel rods is being performed by using pulse irradiation capability of the NSRR. This paper presents recent results obtained from the LOCA and RIA studies at JAERI. (Author)

História, memória e derrisão em Narradores de Javé

OpenAIRE

Côrtes, Norma

2010-01-01

A História e o passado têm sido objetos de humor na cultura brasileira. Tradicionalmente, os fatos históricos foram temas oficiais obrigatórios para os sambas enredos no carnaval carioca.  Os heróis e as glórias do passado que fomentariam os mais sérios sentimentos cívicos foram cantados e ensinados em versos carnavalescos que, irreverentemente, misturavam heroísmo com comicidade. O ápice crítico dessa derrisão apareceu em o Samba do Crioulo Doido — música de Stanislaw Ponte Preta (Sérgio Por...

Large scale meta-analysis of fragment-based screening campaigns: privileged fragments and complementary technologies.

Science.gov (United States)

Kutchukian, Peter S; Wassermann, Anne Mai; Lindvall, Mika K; Wright, S Kirk; Ottl, Johannes; Jacob, Jaison; Scheufler, Clemens; Marzinzik, Andreas; Brooijmans, Natasja; Glick, Meir

2015-06-01

A first step in fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) often entails a fragment-based screen (FBS) to identify fragment "hits." However, the integration of conflicting results from orthogonal screens remains a challenge. Here we present a meta-analysis of 35 fragment-based campaigns at Novartis, which employed a generic 1400-fragment library against diverse target families using various biophysical and biochemical techniques. By statistically interrogating the multidimensional FBS data, we sought to investigate three questions: (1) What makes a fragment amenable for FBS? (2) How do hits from different fragment screening technologies and target classes compare with each other? (3) What is the best way to pair FBS assay technologies? In doing so, we identified substructures that were privileged for specific target classes, as well as fragments that were privileged for authentic activity against many targets. We also revealed some of the discrepancies between technologies. Finally, we uncovered a simple rule of thumb in screening strategy: when choosing two technologies for a campaign, pairing a biochemical and biophysical screen tends to yield the greatest coverage of authentic hits. © 2014 Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening.

Secretion of intact proteins and peptide fragments by lysosomal pathways of protein degradation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Isenman, L.D.; Dice, J.F.

1989-01-01

We report that degradation of proteins microinjected into human fibroblasts is accompanied by release into the culture medium of peptide fragments and intact proteins as well as single amino acids. For the nine proteins and polypeptides microinjected, acid-precipitable radioactivity, i.e. peptide fragments and/or intact proteins, ranged from 10 to 67% of the total released radioactivity. Peptide fragments and/or intact protein accounted for 60% of the radioactivity released into the medium by cells microinjected with ribonuclease A. Two major radiolabeled peptide fragments were found, and one was of an appropriate size to function as an antigen in antigen-presenting cells. The peptides released from microinjected ribonuclease A were derived from lysosomal pathways of proteolysis based on several lines of evidence. Previous studies have shown that microinjected ribonuclease A is degraded to single amino acids entirely within lysosomes. We show that release of free amino acids and peptide fragments and/or intact protein was equivalently stimulated by serum deprivation and equivalently inhibited by NH4Cl. We also show that lysosomal degradation of endocytosed [3H]ribonuclease A was accompanied by the release of two peptide fragments similar in size and charge to those from microinjected [ 3 H]ribonuclease A. These findings demonstrate that degradation within lysosomes occurs in a manner that spares specific peptides; they also suggest a previously unsuspected pathway by which cells can secrete cytosol-derived polypeptides

Identification of exotic genetic components and DNA methylation pattern analysis of three cotton introgression lines from Gossypium bickii.

Science.gov (United States)

He, Shou-Pu; Sun, Jun-Ling; Zhang, Chao; Du, Xiong-Ming

2011-01-01

The impact of alien DNA fragments on plant genome has been studied in many species. However, little is known about the introgression lines of Gossypium. To study the consequences of introgression in Gossypium, we investigated 2000 genomic and 800 epigenetic sites in three typical cotton introgression lines, as well as their cultivar (Gossypium hirsutum) and wild parents (Gossypium bickii), by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP). The results demonstrate that an average of 0.5% of exotic DNA segments from wild cotton is transmitted into the genome of each introgression line, with the addition of other forms of genetic variation. In total, an average of 0.7% of genetic variation sites is identified in introgression lines. Simultaneously, the overall cytosine methylation level in each introgression line is very close to that of the upland cotton parent (an average of 22.6%). Further dividing patterns reveal that both hypomethylation and hypermethylation occurred in introgression lines in comparison with the upland cotton parent. Sequencing of nine methylation polymorphism fragments showed that most (7 of 9) of the methylation alternations occurred in the noncoding sequences. The molecular evidence of introgression from wild cotton into introgression lines in our study is identified by AFLP. Moreover, the causes of petal variation in introgression lines are discussed.

Development of an air knife to remove seed coat fragments during lint cleaning

Science.gov (United States)

An air knife is a tool commonly used to blow off debris in a manufacturing line. The knife may also be used to break the attachment force between a lint cleaner saw and a seed coat fragment (SCF) with attached fiber, and remove them. Work continued on evaluating an auxiliary air knife mounted on t...

Fragment-based drug design.

Science.gov (United States)

Feyfant, Eric; Cross, Jason B; Paris, Kevin; Tsao, Désirée H H

2011-01-01

Fragment-based drug design (FBDD), which is comprised of both fragment screening and the use of fragment hits to design leads, began more than 15 years ago and has been steadily gaining in popularity and utility. Its origin lies on the fact that the coverage of chemical space and the binding efficiency of hits are directly related to the size of the compounds screened. Nevertheless, FBDD still faces challenges, among them developing fragment screening libraries that ensure optimal coverage of chemical space, physical properties and chemical tractability. Fragment screening also requires sensitive assays, often biophysical in nature, to detect weak binders. In this chapter we will introduce the technologies used to address these challenges and outline the experimental advantages that make FBDD one of the most popular new hit-to-lead process.

Fragment informatics and computational fragment-based drug design: an overview and update.

Science.gov (United States)

Sheng, Chunquan; Zhang, Wannian

2013-05-01

Fragment-based drug design (FBDD) is a promising approach for the discovery and optimization of lead compounds. Despite its successes, FBDD also faces some internal limitations and challenges. FBDD requires a high quality of target protein and good solubility of fragments. Biophysical techniques for fragment screening necessitate expensive detection equipment and the strategies for evolving fragment hits to leads remain to be improved. Regardless, FBDD is necessary for investigating larger chemical space and can be applied to challenging biological targets. In this scenario, cheminformatics and computational chemistry can be used as alternative approaches that can significantly improve the efficiency and success rate of lead discovery and optimization. Cheminformatics and computational tools assist FBDD in a very flexible manner. Computational FBDD can be used independently or in parallel with experimental FBDD for efficiently generating and optimizing leads. Computational FBDD can also be integrated into each step of experimental FBDD and help to play a synergistic role by maximizing its performance. This review will provide critical analysis of the complementarity between computational and experimental FBDD and highlight recent advances in new algorithms and successful examples of their applications. In particular, fragment-based cheminformatics tools, high-throughput fragment docking, and fragment-based de novo drug design will provide the focus of this review. We will also discuss the advantages and limitations of different methods and the trends in new developments that should inspire future research. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

História dos modos gregos : história da estrutura dos gêneros musicais gregos

OpenAIRE

Lucas Fernandes de Paula

2015-01-01

A pesquisa que se desenvolve sobre a história da música tem por objetivos gerais, compreender, explicar, diversas medidas do objeto de análise: os modos gregos. Especificamente, os objetivos constituem narrativas historiográficas que permitam refletir, no tempo, conteúdos relacionados, e uma história da música perpetrada sob a lente dos chamados modos gregos; pensar o conceito de modos gregos em seu envolvimento com conhecimentos teóricos e práticos em Geografia, Física, Matemática, Filosofia...

Bounds on the distribution of the number of gaps when circles and lines are covered by fragments: Theory and practical application to genomic and metagenomic projects

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Marchesi Julian R

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The question of how a circle or line segment becomes covered when random arcs are marked off has arisen repeatedly in bioinformatics. The number of uncovered gaps is of particular interest. Approximate distributions for the number of gaps have been given in the literature, one motivation being ease of computation. Error bounds for these approximate distributions have not been given. Results We give bounds on the probability distribution of the number of gaps when a circle is covered by fragments of fixed size. The absolute error in the approximation is typically on the order of 0.1% at 10× coverage depth. The method can be applied to coverage problems on the interval, including edge effects, and applications are given to metagenomic libraries and shotgun sequencing.

As normas de competência tributária

OpenAIRE

Follador, Guilherme Broto

2013-01-01

Resumo: O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar, criticamente, o conceito de competência tributária e as propostas doutrinárias de formalização das normas de competência tributária, expondo, a partir das lições colhidas sobre o tema, na Teoria Geral do Direito, os principais problemas encontrados nas tentativas de reconstruílas como típicas normas prescritivas. No primeiro capítulo, o estudo é dedicado ao exame das noções de "norma" e de "norma jurídica", e tem por principal finalidade...

Dermatologia veterinária em animais de companhia

OpenAIRE

Pinho, Renato Martins

2015-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, Ciências Veterinárias A Dermatologia, em Medicina Veterinária, é uma área que representa entre 25 a 30% do total de consultas em animais de companhia, apresentando uma relação de proximidade crescente em relação à medicina humana. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos principais os seguintes estudos de caso: 1) Determinação da incidência de afeções dermatológicas e caracterização dos animais admitidos à consulta de especialida...

Agressividade tributária: um survey da literatura

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Antonio Lopo Martinez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo e Método: o objetivo deste artigo é revisar os estudos internacionais e no Brasil sobre a agressividade tributária, esta entendida como o comportamento de tentar evitar ou minimizar o ônus tributário explícito para a corporação. Enquanto tema de pesquisa acadêmica, o tax aggressiveness ou tax avoidance revela-se em um tópico diversificado e vasto, embora relativamente recente. Resultados e Contribuições: Entre as perguntas de pesquisa que nessa temática se desenvolvem, destaquem-se a identificação de quais seriam os determinantes da agressividade tributária da firma, apreciando: (i características das firmas; (ii atributos ambientais; (iii restrições de gatekeepers; e (iv incentivos para as firmas. Revisam-se os determinantes da agressividade tributária dos gestores e a influência da governança e estrutura de controle. Adicionalmente, identificam-se as potenciais consequências econômico-financeiras da agressividade tributária para as firmas e as proxies empíricas existentes para mensurar a agressividade tributária. O estudo se encerra com a apresentação de oportunidades futuras de pesquisa na temática.

Assessment of fragment projection hazard: probability distributions for the initial direction of fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Tugnoli, Alessandro; Gubinelli, Gianfilippo; Landucci, Gabriele; Cozzani, Valerio

2014-08-30

The evaluation of the initial direction and velocity of the fragments generated in the fragmentation of a vessel due to internal pressure is an important information in the assessment of damage caused by fragments, in particular within the quantitative risk assessment (QRA) of chemical and process plants. In the present study an approach is proposed to the identification and validation of probability density functions (pdfs) for the initial direction of the fragments. A detailed review of a large number of past accidents provided the background information for the validation procedure. A specific method was developed for the validation of the proposed pdfs. Validated pdfs were obtained for both the vertical and horizontal angles of projection and for the initial velocity of the fragments. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Camptocormia secundária à polimiosite

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Melina Andrade Mattar

2013-08-01

Full Text Available A camptocormia é uma doença postural caracterizada por flexão anormal da coluna toracolombar que surge na posição ereta, aumenta durante a caminhada e desaparece na posição supina. Na literatura, há descrição de apenas cinco casos de camptocormia secundária a miopatias inflamatórias idiopáticas. No presente relato de caso, descrevemos um paciente do sexo masculino, de 67 anos, com polimiosite há 18 anos, cursando com quadro compatível com camptocormia (estável e sem progressão do quadro clínico. A polimiosite é uma miopatia inflamatória idiopática caracterizada clinicamente por fraqueza muscular simétrica predominantemente proximal dos membros. Entretanto, sendo uma doença autoimune sistêmica, é plausível que ocorra acometimento de musculatura esquelética de forma difusa, incluindo a paravertebral, podendo manifestar-se com camptocormia.

Knowledge-based Fragment Binding Prediction

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Grace W.; Altman, Russ B.

2014-01-01

Target-based drug discovery must assess many drug-like compounds for potential activity. Focusing on low-molecular-weight compounds (fragments) can dramatically reduce the chemical search space. However, approaches for determining protein-fragment interactions have limitations. Experimental assays are time-consuming, expensive, and not always applicable. At the same time, computational approaches using physics-based methods have limited accuracy. With increasing high-resolution structural data for protein-ligand complexes, there is now an opportunity for data-driven approaches to fragment binding prediction. We present FragFEATURE, a machine learning approach to predict small molecule fragments preferred by a target protein structure. We first create a knowledge base of protein structural environments annotated with the small molecule substructures they bind. These substructures have low-molecular weight and serve as a proxy for fragments. FragFEATURE then compares the structural environments within a target protein to those in the knowledge base to retrieve statistically preferred fragments. It merges information across diverse ligands with shared substructures to generate predictions. Our results demonstrate FragFEATURE's ability to rediscover fragments corresponding to the ligand bound with 74% precision and 82% recall on average. For many protein targets, it identifies high scoring fragments that are substructures of known inhibitors. FragFEATURE thus predicts fragments that can serve as inputs to fragment-based drug design or serve as refinement criteria for creating target-specific compound libraries for experimental or computational screening. PMID:24762971

Artes, para a didática da história

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Luiz Giani

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Um exame das relações entre arte e ensino da história contidas no livro didático público“História: ensino médio”, do Paraná, resultou em seis grupos de arte, organizados pormodalidade: música, literatura, artes visuais, teatro, dança e cinema. A música recebeatenção especial, no gênero orquestral, por apresentar um desafio maior para historiadores,livros didáticos, professores de história e da arte. Um breve perfil da história social damúsica é um alerta sobre a importância das relações históricas entre música e ideologia: oleitor é conduzido até a guerra ideológico-musical, após a segunda guerra mundial, entremovimentos que se fizeram antagônicos, de um lado, a música nacionalista “progressista”e, de outro, a vanguarda musical, especialmente, o dodecafonismo. Embora as pesquisashistoriográficas tenham avançado, o livro didático ainda se encontra tímido, distante dosresultados das pesquisas. Pelos usos que o ensino da história possa fazer de cada arte,somente o compromisso com a emancipação humana omnilateral transforma a música ecada arte em conteúdo da história, recurso didático da história e forma de linguagem dahistória. Nenhuma arte permanece ausente desta dimensão, sem ferir a necessidadehumana, universal, de todos os homens, sem exceção.

Research on Poppers Used as Electrical Connectors in High Speed Textile Transmission Lines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leśnikowski Jacek

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents results of research on poppers used as electrical connectors connecting fragments of textile signal lines. These lines can be used in intelligent clothing for connecting electronic modules implemented in it. Intelligent (smart clothing can be used, among others, in the health monitoring of the elderly, newborn babies, or people working in hazardous conditions, for example, firefighters and soldiers. The aim of the present study was to examine the usefulness of poppers, widely used in clothing, as electrical connectors connecting parts of the textile signal lines designed for transmission of high-speed digital signals. The paper presents examples of measured parameters characterizing transmission properties of two fragments of the coplanar, textile transmission line connected to each other using conventional poppers. The presented measurement results contain the so-called s parameters, characteristic impedance of the poppers, and eye measurements characterizing distortions of digital signals passing through the tested line. In the article, the effect of temperature and humidity of air surrounding the tested poppers on their characteristic impedance was also presented. This property and its stability are important in signal lines designed for high-speed data transmission.

Fragmentation in the branching coral Acropora palmata (Lamarck): growth, survivorship, and reproduction of colonies and fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Lirman

2000-08-23

Acropora palmata, a branching coral abundant on shallow reef environments throughout the Caribbean, is susceptible to physical disturbance caused by storms. Accordingly, the survivorship and propagation of this species are tied to its capability to recover after fragmentation. Fragments of A. palmata comprised 40% of ramets within populations that had experienced recent storms. While the survivorship of A. palmata fragments was not directly related to the size of fragments, removal of fragments from areas where they settled was influenced by size. Survivorship of fragments was also affected by type of substratum; the greatest mortality (58% loss within the first month) was observed on sand, whereas fragments placed on top of live colonies of A. palmata fused to the underlying tissue and did not experience any losses. Fragments created by Hurricane Andrew on a Florida reef in August 1992 began developing new growth (proto-branches) 7 months after the storm. The number of proto-branches on fragments was dependent on size, but growth was not affected by the size of fragments. Growth-rates of proto-branches increased exponentially with time (1.7 cm year(-1) for 1993-1994, 2.7 cm year(-1) for 1994-1995, 4.2 cm year(-1) for 1995-1996, and 6.5 cm year(-1) for 1996-1997), taking over 4 years for proto-branches to achieve rates comparable to those of adult colonies on the same reef (6.9 cm year(-1)). In addition to the initial mortality and reduced growth-rates, fragmentation resulted in a loss of reproductive potential. Neither colonies that experienced severe fragmentation nor fragments contained gametes until 4 years after the initial damage. Although A. palmata may survive periodic fragmentation, the long-term effects of this process will depend ultimately on the balance between the benefits and costs of this process.

Plasminogen fragments K 1-3 and K 5 bind to different sites in fibrin fragment DD.

Science.gov (United States)

Grinenko, T V; Kapustianenko, L G; Yatsenko, T A; Yusova, O I; Rybachuk, V N

2016-01-01

Specific plasminogen-binding sites of fibrin molecule are located in Аα148-160 regions of C-terminal domains. Plasminogen interaction with these sites initiates the activation process of proenzyme and subsequent fibrin lysis. In this study we investigated the binding of plasminogen fragments K 1-3 and K 5 with fibrin fragment DD and their effect on Glu-plasminogen interaction with DD. It was shown that the level of Glu-plasminogen binding to fibrin fragment DD is decreased by 50-60% in the presence of K 1-3 and K 5. Fragments K 1-3 and K 5 have high affinity to fibrin fragment DD (Kd is 0.02 for K 1-3 and 0.054 μМ for K 5). K 5 interaction is independent and K 1-3 is partly dependent on C-terminal lysine residues. K 1-3 interacts with complex of fragment DD-immobilized K 5 as well as K 5 with complex of fragment DD-immobilized K 1-3. The plasminogen fragments do not displace each other from binding sites located in fibrin fragment DD, but can compete for the interaction. The results indicate that fibrin fragment DD contains different binding sites for plasminogen kringle fragments K 1-3 and K 5, which can be located close to each other. The role of amino acid residues of fibrin molecule Аα148-160 region in interaction with fragments K 1-3 and K 5 is discussed.

Postoperative chest physical therapy prevents respiratory complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy Fisioterapia respiratória pós-operatória previne complicações respiratórias em pacientes submetidos à esofagectomia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana C. Lunardi

2011-04-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Esophagectomy presents the highest rate of postoperative pulmonary complications among all types of upper abdominal surgery. The benefits of chest physical therapy in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery have been shown by many studies; however, its specific effect in patients receiving esophagectomy has been seldom investigated. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the frequency of respiratory complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy receiving chest physical therapy compared to no treatment. METHODS: 70 consecutive patients were evaluated retrospectively and allocated to two groups: control group (CG=no physical therapy; n=30 and chest physical therapy group (PTG; n=40. Patients received chest physical therapy which includes lung re-expansion and airway clearance maneuvers. They were not submitted to either noninvasive ventilation or exercises with devices that generate airways positive pressure. All patients were instructed to early mobilization. Information about pre-operative and respiratory complications were collected. Statistic analysis to compare the frequency of respiratory complications was performed by the Z test. The significance level was set to 5%. RESULTS: Patients in the CG and PTG were similar in terms of age, BMI, smoking and drinking status, malignant diseases, surgical and anesthesia duration and types of esophagectomy (p>0.05. Our results show that patients received chest physical therapy after esophagectomy had a lower frequency of respiratory complications (15% vs. 37%, pCONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A esofagectomia apresenta a maior taxa de complicações pulmonares pós-operatórias dentre as cirurgias abdominais altas. Os benefícios da fisioterapia respiratória em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal alta convencional têm sido mostrados na literatura, porém esse efeito na esofagectomia tem sido pouco investigado. OBJETIVOS: Comparar a frequência de complicações respiratórias em dois

Fractal statistics of brittle fragmentation

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M. Davydova

2013-04-01

Full Text Available The study of fragmentation statistics of brittle materials that includes four types of experiments is presented. Data processing of the fragmentation of glass plates under quasi-static loading and the fragmentation of quartz cylindrical rods under dynamic loading shows that the size distribution of fragments (spatial quantity is fractal and can be described by a power law. The original experimental technique allows us to measure, apart from the spatial quantity, the temporal quantity - the size of time interval between the impulses of the light reflected from the newly created surfaces. The analysis of distributions of spatial (fragment size and temporal (time interval quantities provides evidence of obeying scaling laws, which suggests the possibility of self-organized criticality in fragmentation.

Unes pinzellades d'Història

OpenAIRE

Cedó, Ferran

2006-01-01

Al llarg de la història, hi ha hagut personatges famosos que han contribuït notablement a l’evolució de la matemàtica. Aquí, presentem una ressenya biogràfica d’alguns d’ells. Això no vol dir que aquests siguin els més importants. La història de la matemàtica és llarga i complexa, i és difícil decidir quins han estat els que han incidit més en el seu desenvolupament.

RIA testing capability of the transient reactor test facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crawford, D.C.; Swanson, R.W.

1999-01-01

The advent of high-burnup fuel implementation in LWRs has generated international interest in high-burnup LWR fuel performance. Recent testing under simulated RIA conditions has demonstrated that certain fuel designs fail at peak fuel enthalpy values that are below existing regulatory criteria. Because many of these tests were performed with non-prototypically aggressive test conditions (i.e., with power pulse widths less than 10 msec FWHM and with non-protoypic coolant configurations), the results (although very informative) do not indisputably identify failure thresholds and fuel behavior. The capability of the TREAT facility to perform simulated RIA tests with prototypic test conditions is currently being evaluated by ANL personnel. TREAT was designed to accommodate test loops and vehicles installed for in-pile transient testing. During 40 years of TREAT operation and fuel testing and evaluation, experimenters have been able to demonstrate and determine the transient behavior of several types of fuel under a variety of test conditions. This experience led to an evolution of test methodology and techniques which can be employed to assess RIA behavior of LWR fuel. A pressurized water loop that will accommodate RIA testing of LWR and CANDU-type fuel has completed conceptual design. Preliminary calculations of transient characteristics and energy deposition into test rods during hypothetical TREAT RIA tests indicate that with the installation of a pressurized water loop, the facility is quite capable of performing prototypic RIA testing. Typical test scenarios indicate that a simulated RIA with a 72 msec FWHM pulse width and energy deposition of 1200 kJ/kg (290 cal/gm) is possible. Further control system enhancements would expand the capability to pulse widths as narrow as 40 msec. (author)

MEMÓRIA SOCIAL E INDIVIDUALIZAÇÃO NA TRAJETÓRIA DE ATORES ENGAJADOS EM PROJETOS DE EDUCAÇÃO PATRIMONIAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Manoel Dias da Silva

Full Text Available RESUMO: Assumindo a hipótese de Joel Candau acerca da vigência hodierna de processos de individualização e fragmentação das memórias sociais, o presente artigo objetivou analisar as correspondências entre memória social e individualização na trajetória de atores sociais engajados em projetos de educação patrimonial no Brasil. Para tal, mobilizou duas estratégias analíticas. Na primeira, visou sumariar os principais contornos dos processos de individualização na modernidade e suas dimensões institucionais, sob inspiração da abordagem sociológica de Ulrich Beck. Na segunda, a partir de estudo empírico, objetivou analisar a trajetória de um ator envolvido em práticas de educação patrimonial, a fim de examinar a composição das pautas de suas proposições políticas e a suposta individualização de suas intervenções nos municípios em que atua.

HISTÓRIA ORAL ENTRE REFLEXÕES E MEMÓRIAS: Revisitando o percurso de Antônio Torres Montenegro e suas trilhas metodológicas do fazer historiográfico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erinaldo Vicente Cavalcanti

2016-05-01

  Antônio Torres Montenegro pesquisador pernambucano de reconhecida atuação no uso da metodologia da história oral. Seus estudos acerca das relações entre a história e memória, teoria da história e lutas políticas no âmbito da História do Brasil Contemporâneo têm ressonâncias nacionais e internacionais. Graduado em Filosofia pela Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP, 1974, mestre e doutor em História pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp, 1983/1991, realizou seu estágio pós-doutoral na State University of New York - Stony Brook (2000 e na Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF, 2016. Ao longo de sua carreira acadêmica, no campo da história, publicou inúmeros artigos em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, organizou e/ou publicou vários livros e capítulos de livros. Participou de aproximadamente 100 bancas de defesas de dissertações e teses e de inúmeros eventos acadêmicos regionais, nacionais e internacionais. Atua do Conselho Editorial de importantes periódicos nacionais na área de história, a exemplo Territórios e Fronteiras do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT da Revista História Oral da Associação Brasileira de História Oral (ABHO da Revista Tempo do Departamento de História da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF entre outras.

História e Memória: o caso do Ferrugem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myrian Sepúlveda dos Santos

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o uso da memória pelas Ciências Sociais a partir da investigação de fontes orais e escritas. Ao longo do trabalho, serão consideradas cinco narrativas sobre o assassinato de um lavrador da Ilha Grande por um grupo de presos que havia fugido do Instituto Penal Cândido Mendes (IPCM. Além disso, são objetos de análise a notícia sobre o caso que aparece na imprensa e o relatório oficial sobre a fuga dos presos encaminhado pelo diretor da penitenciária ao diretor-geral do Departamento do Sistema Penitenciário (DESIPE. Em que pese a diferença entre os relatos apresentados, procurar-se-á mostrar que as memórias relacionam-se a perspectivas e códigos existentes entre grupos de pertencimento e que elas podem fornecer dados importantes sobre contextos, processos e conflitos sociais que fazem parte da vida dos diversos narradores do caso em questão.The objective of this paper is to investigate social practices developed by inmates of the Instituto Penal Cândido Mendes (IPCM as well as by those who lived in Ilha Grande, the island where the prison was settled, through the analysis of different narratives about the escape of a group of convicts. The author also analyzed the escape on the news and on the official reports. The point the author makes is that despite the different reports on the escape it is possible to relate the narrative to collective memories, that is, to common rules and perspectives, which allow us to understand social conflicts, processes and contexts inherent to the lives of the narrators.

Chameleon fragmentation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brax, Philippe [Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA, IPhT, CNRS, URA 2306, F-91191Gif/Yvette Cedex (France); Upadhye, Amol, E-mail: philippe.brax@cea.fr, E-mail: aupadhye@anl.gov [Institute for the Early Universe, Ewha University, International Education, Building #601, 11-1, Daehyun-Dong Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750 (Korea, Republic of)

2014-02-01

A scalar field dark energy candidate could couple to ordinary matter and photons, enabling its detection in laboratory experiments. Here we study the quantum properties of the chameleon field, one such dark energy candidate, in an ''afterglow'' experiment designed to produce, trap, and detect chameleon particles. In particular, we investigate the possible fragmentation of a beam of chameleon particles into multiple particle states due to the highly non-linear interaction terms in the chameleon Lagrangian. Fragmentation could weaken the constraints of an afterglow experiment by reducing the energy of the regenerated photons, but this energy reduction also provides a unique signature which could be detected by a properly-designed experiment. We show that constraints from the CHASE experiment are essentially unaffected by fragmentation for φ{sup 4} and 1/φ potentials, but are weakened for steeper potentials, and we discuss possible future afterglow experiments.

Chameleon fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brax, Philippe; Upadhye, Amol

2014-01-01

A scalar field dark energy candidate could couple to ordinary matter and photons, enabling its detection in laboratory experiments. Here we study the quantum properties of the chameleon field, one such dark energy candidate, in an ''afterglow'' experiment designed to produce, trap, and detect chameleon particles. In particular, we investigate the possible fragmentation of a beam of chameleon particles into multiple particle states due to the highly non-linear interaction terms in the chameleon Lagrangian. Fragmentation could weaken the constraints of an afterglow experiment by reducing the energy of the regenerated photons, but this energy reduction also provides a unique signature which could be detected by a properly-designed experiment. We show that constraints from the CHASE experiment are essentially unaffected by fragmentation for φ 4 and 1/φ potentials, but are weakened for steeper potentials, and we discuss possible future afterglow experiments

O Jornalismo nas Rádios Comunitárias

OpenAIRE

Rosembach, Cilto José

2006-01-01

O presente estudo analisa o jornalismo nas rádios comunitárias a partir do paradigma da comunicação popular, alternativa e da contextualização histórica das rádios comunitárias no Brasil. A programação jornalística de duas rádios comunitárias no Estado de São Paulo é analisada a partir do referencial teórico que elucida a comunicação popular e prioriza os conceitos de jornalismo popular. São analisadas a Rádio Cantareira FM 107,5, de Vila Isabel, distrito de Brasilândia, São...

First experiences with commercial RIA kits for prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boettger, I; Langhammer, H; Pabst, H W; Sintermann, R

1980-06-01

Five commercial PAP RIA kits were intercompared by common RIA quality control criteria. All RIAs performed basically well although some differences existed in respect to concentration range, specific and non-specific binding, 50%-intercept, sensitivity and measurements of serum PAP in male and female controls. The latter finding may have been due to differences in antigen purity, antiserum specificity and composition of the assay medium employed. Good correlation was found between PAP determination by RIA and by enzyme assay. First measurements of PAP in patients treated for prostatic carcinoma being performed for orientation purposes are demonstrated. The PAP RIA has been introduced into our routine diagnostic and follow-up of prostatic carcinoma.

Prevalência de alta reatividade plaquetária em pacientes tratados com aspirina encaminhados para angiografia coronária

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André Manica

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A aspirina (Ácido Acetilsalicílico - AAS é capaz de reduzir eventos adversos cardiovasculares em pacientes portadores de Doença Arterial Coronariana (DAC através da inibição da atividade plaquetária. Alguns pacientes com DAC, apesar da terapia com AAS, apresentam Alta Reatividade Plaquetária (ARP, o que determina um maior risco para o desenvolvimento de eventos cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência de ARP em pacientes tratados com AAS e encaminhados para cinecoronariografia, além de avaliar se existe uma possível correlação entre a gravidade da DAC e o desenvolvimento de ARP. MÉTODOS: Estudo de centro único onde foram incluídos 115 pacientes consecutivos, tratados com AAS e portadores de DAC estável. A reatividade plaquetária induzida pelo ADP e colágeno foram avaliadas através da Agregometria de Transmitância Luminosa (ATL. Pacientes com agregação plaquetária maior que 70%, induzida por ambos os reagentes, foram classificados como tendo ARP e, neste grupo, a adesão ao tratamento com AAS foi avaliada através da dosagem dos níveis séricos de salicilato. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 60,9 anos e a dose média de AAS foi de 164,2 mg. Tabagismo e diabetes melito estavam presentes em 28,7% e 31,5% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Foi encontrada ARP em 14 pacientes (13%, entretanto, em sete indivíduos (50% com ARP observaram-se baixos níveis séricos de salicilato (< 2,0 µg/mL, sugerindo não adesão à terapia medicamentosa. Em 6,5% dos pacientes com ARP identificou-se níveis detectáveis de salicilato sérico, sugerindo uma eficácia reduzida do AAS. A ARP se correlacionou com o número e a gravidade das estenoses coronárias (p = 0,04. CONCLUSÃO: Em uma população de pacientes tratados com AAS e encaminhados para angiografia coronária, a reatividade plaquetária elevada é prevalente (13%, sendo 50% destes pacientes não aderentes à terapia farmacol

Reactivity Insertion Accident (RIA) Capability Status in the BISON Fuel Performance Code

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Williamson, Richard L. [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Folsom, Charles Pearson [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Pastore, Giovanni [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Veeraraghavan, Swetha [Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

2016-05-01

One of the Challenge Problems being considered within CASL relates to modelling and simulation of Light Water Reactor LWR) fuel under Reactivity Insertion Accident (RIA) conditions. BISON is the fuel performance code used within CASL for LWR fuel under both normal operating and accident conditions, and thus must be capable of addressing the RIA challenge problem. This report outlines required BISON capabilities for RIAs and describes the current status of the code. Information on recent accident capability enhancements, application of BISON to a RIA benchmark exercise, and plans for validation to RIA behavior are included.

Identification of the second mutation of BADH2 gene derived from rice mutant lines induced by gamma rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

I Ishak

2016-01-01

The BADH2 gene acts as suppressor of 2-acetyl-1-pyrolline (2AP) biosynthesis in plants. 2AP is the volatile compound which provides fragrance in rice. Biosynthesis of 2AP occurs when BADH2 loses its function as suppressor gene. Aromatic rice cultivars naturally incur mutation of BADH2 gene at 8 bp. In this experiment, aromatic mutant rice lines derived from irradiation of Sintanur cultivar by gamma rays with dose of 100 Gy were studied in molecular level. These mutant lines were characterized at the M10 plantgeneration under the assumption that genetically these aromatic mutant rice lines were homozygotic. Several primers related to aroma in rice have been used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a thermal cycler instrument. Gel electrophoreses were carried out using 1.5% agarose in TAE buffer. DNA fragments at 254 bp and 355 bp (base pair) were taken and amplified by primer for nucleotide sequencing of these fragments. Molecular identification and characterization after electrophoresis showed that the mutant line from AR1020 can be differentiated from AR.1080 at 254 bp. Nucleotide sequence data from of these DNA fragments showed that point mutations (deletions and substitutions) occurred at the BADH2 gene in exon 7; those are called second mutation and were caused by gamma rays effects. The Sintanur variety was used as check cultivar and its DNA sequence was compared to that of the AR.1020 mutant line. The results from both DNA sequences (from cv. Sintanur and AR.1020) derived from fragments at 254 bp show that point mutations occurred within exon 7 and earlier stop codon occurred in the AR.1020 mutant rice line. Further, the use of EA primer in PCR resulted in detection of deletion and substitution of nucleotides in the AR.1020 mutant line. (author)

Facilitating wider application of progesterone RIA for improving livestock production in developing countries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oswin Perera, B.M.B.

2000-01-01

national laboratories. Initially, a monoclonal antibody (6H11/14, raised against an 11α-hemisuccinate-progesterone- BSA conjugate) was developed, and the assay system was standardized and validated using a commercially available tracer (progesterone-11α-hemisuccinate-2[ 125 I]-iodohistamine). This permits user laboratories to obtain bulk supplies of antibody in freeze-dried form, coat the assay tubes as required for use, and arrange for supplies of tracer to be delivered at regular intervals. This method was therefore named the FAO/IAEA ''Self-coating'' RIA method (Sc- RIA). More recently, training activities have been conducted in the African and Asia/Pacific regions to develop the capability to produce the 125 I-progesterone tracer. Future plans include supply of the cell-line to selected regional laboratories, which have the capability to produce the monoclonal antibody. Two aspects, which need to be addressed through further research, are methods for ensuring longer shelf life of the antibody-coated tubes and greater stability of the tracer. It is hoped that these efforts will result in full self-reliance of Member States to use progesterone RIA technology to support livestock development

Aprendizado e memória Learning and memory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paul Lombroso

2004-09-01

Full Text Available A memória é dividida de duas grandes formas: explícita e implícita. O hipocampo é necessário para a formação das memórias explícitas, ao passo que várias outras regiões do cérebro, incluindo o estriado, a amígdala e o nucleus accumbens, estão envolvidos na formação das memórias implícitas. A formação de todas as memórias requer alterações morfológicas nas sinapses: novas sinapses devem ser formadas ou antigas precisam ser fortalecidas. Considera-se que essas alterações reflitam a base celular subjacente das memórias persistentes. Consideráveis avanços têm ocorrido na última década em relação a nossa compreensão sobre as bases moleculares da formação dessas memórias. Um regulador-chave da plasticidade sináptica é uma via de sinalização que inclui a proteína-quinase ativada por mitógenos (MAP. Como essa via é necessária para a memória e o aprendizado normais, não é surpreendente que as mutações nos membros dessa via levem a prejuízos no aprendizado. A neurofibromatose, a síndrome de Coffin-Lowry e a de Rubinstein-Taybi são três exemplos de transtornos de desenvolvimento que apresentam mutações em componentes-chave na via de sinalização da proteína-quinase MAP.Memory is broadly divided into declarative and nondeclarative forms of memory. The hippocampus is required for the formation of declarative memories, while a number of other brain regions including the striatum, amygdala and nucleus accumbens are involved in the formation of nondeclarative memories. The formation of all memories require morphological changes of synapses: new ones must be formed or old ones strengthened. These changes are thought to reflect the underlying cellular basis for persistent memories. Considerable advances have occurred over the last decade in our understanding of the molecular bases of how these memories are formed. A key regulator of synaptic plasticity is a signaling pathway that includes the mitogen

Fragment library design: using cheminformatics and expert chemists to fill gaps in existing fragment libraries.

Science.gov (United States)

Kutchukian, Peter S; So, Sung-Sau; Fischer, Christian; Waller, Chris L

2015-01-01

Fragment based screening (FBS) has emerged as a mainstream lead discovery strategy in academia, biotechnology start-ups, and large pharma. As a prerequisite of FBS, a structurally diverse library of fragments is desirable in order to identify chemical matter that will interact with the range of diverse target classes that are prosecuted in contemporary screening campaigns. In addition, it is also desirable to offer synthetically amenable starting points to increase the probability of a successful fragment evolution through medicinal chemistry. Herein we describe a method to identify biologically relevant chemical substructures that are missing from an existing fragment library (chemical gaps), and organize these chemical gaps hierarchically so that medicinal chemists can efficiently navigate the prioritized chemical space and subsequently select purchasable fragments for inclusion in an enhanced fragment library.

Fragments of the constant region of immunoglobulin light chains are constituents of AL-amyloid proteins

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olsen, K E; Sletten, K; Westermark, Per

1998-01-01

Immunoglobulin light chains are the precursor proteins of AL-amyloidosis. In the fibril formation process properties of the variable part of the immunoglobulin light chains are believed to be of major importance. In this work it is shown that fragments of the constant part of the immunoglobulin l...... light chain are a constituent of the AL-amyloid proteins of kappa type. A specific antiserum has identified these fragments in gel filtration fractions where the absorbance approached the base line after the main retarded peak. The fragments are small and have been overlooked previously......Immunoglobulin light chains are the precursor proteins of AL-amyloidosis. In the fibril formation process properties of the variable part of the immunoglobulin light chains are believed to be of major importance. In this work it is shown that fragments of the constant part of the immunoglobulin...... in the purification process. The significance of the constant part in AL-proteins is unclear, but adds new aspects to the discussion of pre- or post-fibrillogenic cleavage of the immunoglobulin light chains....

Remote Infrared Audible Signage (RIAS) Pilot Program : evaluation report

Science.gov (United States)

2009-09-01

This report presents evaluation findings on the Remote Infrared Audible Signage (RIAS) Pilot Program in the Puget Sound Region of Washington. The installation, demonstration and evaluation of RIAS were required by a provision in the Safe, Accountable...

Universality of projectile fragmentation model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaudhuri, G.; Mallik, S.; Das Gupta, S.

2012-01-01

Presently projectile fragmentation reaction is an important area of research as it is used for the production of radioactive ion beams. In this work, the recently developed projectile fragmentation model with an universal temperature profile is used for studying the charge distributions of different projectile fragmentation reactions with different projectile target combinations at different incident energies. The model for projectile fragmentation consists of three stages: (i) abrasion, (ii) multifragmentation and (iii) evaporation

Lembrar-esquecer: trabalhando com as memórias infantis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Sieiro Fernandes

Full Text Available Baseando-se nas obras de autores que focalizam a velhice e a memória, valemo-nos da proposta de construção de conjuntos fotográficos e da metodologia de análise para elaborar um exercício/desafio semelhante para crianças da faixa etária de 9-10 anos. Em concordância com os autores, também nos propusemos a pensar sobre como a memória das crianças - assim como a dos velhos - pode se construir e se organizar por meio de suportes fotográficos representativos de fragmentos da vida cotidiana. Os dois grupos compostos por seres que se encontram nas margens do tempo, se distanciam e se aproximam nessa particularidade. Intuitiva e reflexivamente, as crianças elaboraram seus conceitos de memória, envolvendo as lembranças e os esquecimentos, representando-os de formas visuais variadas e criativas, indicando que os movimentos constitutivos da memória dão indícios de tentativas de ordenação de um tempo composto de vários tempos.

Effective Fragment Potential Method for H-Bonding: How To Obtain Parameters for Nonrigid Fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Dubinets, Nikita; Slipchenko, Lyudmila V

2017-07-20

Accuracy of the effective fragment potential (EFP) method was explored for describing intermolecular interaction energies in three dimers with strong H-bonded interactions, formic acid, formamide, and formamidine dimers, which are a part of HBC6 database of noncovalent interactions. Monomer geometries in these dimers change significantly as a function of intermonomer separation. Several EFP schemes were considered, in which fragment parameters were prepared for a fragment in its gas-phase geometry or recomputed for each unique fragment geometry. Additionally, a scheme in which gas-phase fragment parameters are shifted according to relaxed fragment geometries is introduced and tested. EFP data are compared against the coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T)) method in a complete basis set (CBS) and the symmetry adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). All considered EFP schemes provide a good agreement with CCSD(T)/CBS for binding energies at equilibrium separations, with discrepancies not exceeding 2 kcal/mol. However, only the schemes that utilize relaxed fragment geometries remain qualitatively correct at shorter than equilibrium intermolecular distances. The EFP scheme with shifted parameters behaves quantitatively similar to the scheme in which parameters are recomputed for each monomer geometry and thus is recommended as a computationally efficient approach for large-scale EFP simulations of flexible systems.

História, memória e violência em Nocturno e Chile, Estrella distante e Amuleto de Roberto Bolaño

OpenAIRE

Carmen Cecilia Rodríguez Almonacid

2012-01-01

Resumo: Que pode aportar um conjunto de obras para a elaboração de uma memória? A literatura procura no passado, indaga nele querendo resgatar, desde uma perspectiva da memória histórica e da experiência individual, as formas de estabelecer um território que ajude a preservá-la. Assim, a memória é forjada e protegida ao fluir pelas páginas que a literatura cria, enriquecendo e transformando a realidade social e cultural na qual emerge. A proposta deste estudo se centra na reflexão da relação ...

Robust Object Tracking Using Valid Fragments Selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Jin; Li, Bo; Tian, Peng; Luo, Gang

Local features are widely used in visual tracking to improve robustness in cases of partial occlusion, deformation and rotation. This paper proposes a local fragment-based object tracking algorithm. Unlike many existing fragment-based algorithms that allocate the weights to each fragment, this method firstly defines discrimination and uniqueness for local fragment, and builds an automatic pre-selection of useful fragments for tracking. Then, a Harris-SIFT filter is used to choose the current valid fragments, excluding occluded or highly deformed fragments. Based on those valid fragments, fragment-based color histogram provides a structured and effective description for the object. Finally, the object is tracked using a valid fragment template combining the displacement constraint and similarity of each valid fragment. The object template is updated by fusing feature similarity and valid fragments, which is scale-adaptive and robust to partial occlusion. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is accurate and robust in challenging scenarios.

Habitat fragmentation impacts mobility in a common and widespread woodland butterfly: do sexes respond differently?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bergerot Benjamin

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Theory predicts a nonlinear response of dispersal evolution to habitat fragmentation. First, dispersal will be favoured in line with both decreasing area of habitat patches and increasing inter-patch distances. Next, once these inter-patch distances exceed a critical threshold, dispersal will be counter-selected, unless essential resources no longer co-occur in compact patches but are differently scattered; colonization of empty habitat patches or rescue of declining populations are then increasingly overruled by dispersal costs like mortality risks and loss of time and energy. However, to date, most empirical studies mainly document an increase of dispersal associated with habitat fragmentation. We analyzed dispersal kernels for males and females of the common, widespread woodland butterfly Pararge aegeria in highly fragmented landscape, and for males in landscapes that differed in their degree of habitat fragmentation. Results The male and female probabilities of moving were considerably lower in the highly fragmented landscapes compared to the male probability of moving in fragmented agricultural and deciduous oak woodland landscapes. We also investigated whether, and to what extent, daily dispersal distance in the highly fragmented landscape was influenced by a set of landscape variables for both males and females, including distance to the nearest woodland, area of the nearest woodland, patch area and abundance of individuals in the patch. We found that daily movement distance decreased with increasing distance to the nearest woodland in both males and females. Daily distances flown by males were related to the area of the woodland capture site, whereas no such effect was observed for females. Conclusion Overall, mobility was strongly reduced in the highly fragmented landscape, and varied considerably among landscapes with different spatial resource distributions. We interpret the results relative to different cost

Self-organized criticality in fragmenting

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Oddershede, L.; Dimon, P.; Bohr, J.

1993-01-01

The measured mass distributions of fragments from 26 fractured objects of gypsum, soap, stearic paraffin, and potato show evidence of obeying scaling laws; this suggests the possibility of self-organized criticality in fragmenting. The probability of finding a fragment scales inversely to a power...

Pobreza e suas relações com a Psicologia Comunitária na 5a Conferência Internacional de Psicologia Comunitária

OpenAIRE

Verônica Morais; James Ferreira Moura Júnior; Sara Castro Lima

2015-01-01

O problema da pobreza tem influências psicossociais na vida humana. A Psicologia Comunitária trabalha com esses problemas psicossociais. Então, busca-se com este artigo analisar a presença da temática da pobreza nos trabalhos apresentados na 5ª Conferência Internacional de Psicologia Comunitária (CIPC), que foi realizada em setembro de 2014 em Fortaleza (Ceará/Brasil). O tema da 5ª CIPC foi “Psicologia Comunitária no mundo atual: desafios, limites e práticas” com 1553 inscritos e 726 trabalho...

Energy production using fission fragment rockets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chapline, G.; Matsuda, Y.

1991-08-01

Fission fragment rockets are nuclear reactors with a core consisting of thin fibers in a vacuum, and which use magnetic fields to extract the fission fragments from the reactor core. As an alternative to ordinary nuclear reactors, fission fragment rockets would have the following advantages: Approximately twice as efficient if one can directly convert the fission fragment energy into electricity; by reducing the buildup of a fission fragment inventory in the reactor one could avoid a Chernobyl type disaster; and collecting the fission fragments outside the reactor could simplify the waste disposal problem. 6 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs

A culinária de sentidos : corpo e memória na literatura contemporânea

OpenAIRE

Sacramento, Adriana Rodrigues

2009-01-01

A recente publicação de textos de escritoras que relacionam Literatura e Culinária levou-me a fazer uma reflexão sobre a Memória dos Sentidos dentro de um espaço específico, a cozinha, cozinha entendida como um lugar de rito que transfigura os corpos. A partir desse recorte, procurei relacionar a representação do feminino, do corpo na cozinha e na confecção do alimento, no texto das autoras brasileiras Rachel de Queiroz, Cora Coralina, Adélia Prado, Heloísa Helena e Márcia Frazão, da mexicana...

Melancolia, memória e subjetividade

OpenAIRE

Giele Rocha Dorneles

2015-01-01

A proposta desta tese é estabelecer, através de uma perspectiva comparatista, relações entre três temas articuladores: a melancolia, a memória e a subjetividade, de modo a constituir entrelaçamentos possíveis, além de buscar indicar o modo como essas três temáticas são apresentadas e representadas em diferentes formas de expressão das artes, partindo de obras literárias - como “A maior flor do mundo” e “As pequenas memórias”, entre outras de José Saramago, e de autores como Charles Baudelaire...

Fragmentation of relativistic nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cork, B.

1975-06-01

Nuclei with energies of several GeV/n interact with hadrons and produce fragments that encompass the fields of nuclear physics, meson physics, and particle physics. Experimental results are now available to explore problems in nuclear physics such as the validity of the shell model to explain the momentum distribution of fragments, the contribution of giant dipole resonances to fragment production cross sections, the effective Coulomb barrier, and nuclear temperatures. A new approach to meson physics is possible by exploring the nucleon charge-exchange process. Particle physics problems are explored by measuring the energy and target dependence of isotope production cross sections, thus determining if limiting fragmentation and target factorization are valid, and measuring total cross sections to determine if the factorization relation, sigma/sub AB/ 2 = sigma/sub AA/ . sigma/sub BB/, is violated. Also, new experiments have been done to measure the angular distribution of fragments that could be explained as nuclear shock waves, and to explore for ultradense matter produced by very heavy ions incident on heavy atoms. (12 figures, 2 tables)

Detection of fission fragments by secondary emission; Detection des fragments de fission par emission secondaire

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Audias, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

This fission fragment detecting apparatus is based on the principle that fragments traversing a thin foil will cause emission of secondary electrons. These electrons are then accelerated (10 kV) and directly detected by means of a plastic scintillator and associated photomultiplier. Some of the advantages of such a detector are, its rapidity, its discriminating power between alpha particles and fission fragments, its small energy loss in detecting the fragments and the relatively great amount of fissionable material which it can contain. This paper is subdivided as follows: a) theoretical considerations b) constructional details of apparatus and some experimental details and c) a study of the secondary emission effect itself. (author) [French] Le detecteur de fragments de fission que nous avons realise est base sur le principe de l'emission secondaire produite par les fragments de fission traversant une feuille mince: les electrons secondaires emis sont acceleres a des tensions telles (de l'ordre de 10 kV), qu'ils soient directement detectables par un scintillateur plastique associe a un photomultiplicateur. L'interet d'un tel detecteur reside: dans sa rapidite, sa tres bonne discrimination alpha, fission, la possibilite de detecter les fragments de fission avec une perte d'energie pouvant rester relativement faible, et la possibilite d'introduire des quantites de matiere fissile plus importantes que dans les autres types de detecteurs. Ce travail comporte: -) un apercu bibliographique de la theorie du phenomene, -) realisation et mise au point du detecteur avec etude experimentale de quelques parametres intervenant dans l'emission secondaire, -) etude de l'emission secondaire (sur la face d'emergence des fragments de fission) en fonction de l'energie du fragment et en fonction de l'epaisseur de matiere traversee avant emission secondaire, et -) une etude comparative de l'emission secondaire sur la face d'incidence et sur la face d'emergence des fragments de

Thermodynamics of the fuel fragmentation gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perez, R.B.; Alsmiller, R.G. Jr.

1977-01-01

In the context of nuclear reactor safety studies, a program is in progress at ORNL whereby fuel-fragmentation situations are mocked up by the application of high-current capacitor discharges through solid UO 2 samples. The goal of the present work is to predict such quantities as the number of gas and liquid fragments and their energy distributions. The point of view adopted is that upon fragmentation, a cloud of UO 2 vapor is formed containing ''primeval'' liquid fragments which act as condensation centers. In the evolution of time, fragment growth is controlled by nucleation, coagulation and evaporation processes. Eventually, the vapor-droplet system will reach a situation in which clusters (fragments) of various sizes and UO 2 vapor will coexist in an ''association-disassociation'' equilibrium. Thus, the physical model considered here consists of the identification of the fragmentation gas with an ''imperfect'' vapor, made up of interacting UO 2 vapor and liquid fragments. The results of the study are presented

Seasonal Patterns of Melatonin, Cortisol, and Progesterone Secretion in Female Lambs Raised Beneath a 500-KV Transmission Line

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Jack Monroe, Jr.

There is ongoing controversy about the possibility of adverse biological effects from environmental exposures to electric and magnetic fields. These fields are produced by all electrical equipment and appliances including electrical transmission lines. The objective of this environmental science study was to investigate the possible effects of a high voltage transmission line on domestic sheep (Ovis aries L.), a species that can often be found near such lines. The study was primarily designed to determine whether a specific effect of electric and magnetic fields found in laboratory animals also occurs in livestock under natural environmental conditions. The effect is the ability of fields, at levels found in the environment, to significantly depress the normally high nocturnal concentrations of the pineal hormone-melatonin. Ten female Suffolk lambs were penned for 10 months directly beneath a 500-kV transmission line near Estacada, Oregon. Ten other lambs of the same type were penned in a control area away from the transmission line where electric and magnetic fields were at ambient levels. Serum melatonin was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) from 6618 blood samples collected at 0.5 to 3-hour intervals over eight 48-hour periods. Serum progesterone was analyzed by RIA from blood samples collected twice weekly. Serum cortisol was also assayed by RIA from the blood samples collected during the 48-hour samples. Results showed that lambs in both the control and line groups had the typical pattern of melatonin secretion consisting of low daytime and high nighttime serum concentrations. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in melatonin levels, or in the phase or duration of the nighttime melatonin elevation. Age at puberty and number of reproductive cycles also did not differ between groups. Serum cortisol showed a circadian rhythm with highest concentrations during the day. There were, however, no differences in cortisol concentrations

The dual role of fragments in fragment-assembly methods for de novo protein structure prediction

Science.gov (United States)

Handl, Julia; Knowles, Joshua; Vernon, Robert; Baker, David; Lovell, Simon C.

2013-01-01

In fragment-assembly techniques for protein structure prediction, models of protein structure are assembled from fragments of known protein structures. This process is typically guided by a knowledge-based energy function and uses a heuristic optimization method. The fragments play two important roles in this process: they define the set of structural parameters available, and they also assume the role of the main variation operators that are used by the optimiser. Previous analysis has typically focused on the first of these roles. In particular, the relationship between local amino acid sequence and local protein structure has been studied by a range of authors. The correlation between the two has been shown to vary with the window length considered, and the results of these analyses have informed directly the choice of fragment length in state-of-the-art prediction techniques. Here, we focus on the second role of fragments and aim to determine the effect of fragment length from an optimization perspective. We use theoretical analyses to reveal how the size and structure of the search space changes as a function of insertion length. Furthermore, empirical analyses are used to explore additional ways in which the size of the fragment insertion influences the search both in a simulation model and for the fragment-assembly technique, Rosetta. PMID:22095594

Models of fragmentation with composite power laws

Science.gov (United States)

Tavassoli, Z.; Rodgers, G. J.

1999-06-01

Some models for binary fragmentation are introduced in which a time dependent transition size produces two regions of fragment sizes above and below the transition size. In the first model we assume a fixed rate of fragmentation for the largest fragment and two different rates of fragmentation in the two regions of sizes above and below the transition size. The model is solved exactly in the long time limit to reveal stable time-invariant solutions for the fragment size and mass distributions. These solutions exhibit composite power law behaviours; power laws with two different exponents for fragments in smaller and larger regions. A special case of the model with no fragmentation in the smaller size region is also examined. Another model is also introduced which have three regions of fragment sizes with different rates of fragmentation. The similarities between the stable distributions in our models and composite power law distributions from experimental work on shock fragmentation of long thin glass rods and thick clay plates are discussed.

Kinetics of fragmentation-annihilation processes

OpenAIRE

Filipe, JAN; Rodgers, GJ

1996-01-01

We investigate the kinetics of systems in which particles of one species undergo binary fragmentation and pair annihilation. In the latter, nonlinear process, fragments react at collision to produce an inert species, causing loss of mass. We analyze these systems in the reaction-limited regime by solving a continuous model within the mean-field approximation. The rate of fragmentation for a particle of mass x to break into fragments of masses y and x-y has the form x(lambda-1) (lambda > 0), a...

Fission fragment spins and spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Durell, J.L.

1988-01-01

Prompt γ-ray coincidence experiments have been carried out on γ-rays emitted from post-neutron emission fission fragments produced by the aup 19F + 197 Au and 18 O + 232 Th reactions. Decay schemes have been established for even-even nuclei ranging from 78 Se to 148 Nd. Many new states with spin up to ∼ 12h have been observed. Apart from providing a wealth of new information on the spectroscopy of neutron-rich nuclei, the data have been analyzed to determine the average spin of primary fission fragments as a function of fragment mass. The results suggest that the fragment spins are determined by the temperature and shape of the primary fragments at or near to scission

Avaliação de híbridos de milho obtidos do cruzamento entre linhagens com diferentes níveis de degradabilidade da matéria seca Performance of corn hybrids obtained from crosses of lines with different dry matter degradabilities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Cruz Mendes

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Na recomendação de um híbrido para produção de silagem, não basta apenas considerar a produção de matéria seca; é necessário também que a silagem tenha alta degradabilidade efetiva (DEF da matéria seca da planta inteira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características agronômicas, bromatológicas e de degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca de híbridos comerciais de milho recomendados para a produção de silagem e de híbridos experimentais provenientes do cruzamento entre linhagens de alta e baixa degradabilidade. Foi avaliado o desempenho de 23 híbridos de milho, sendo dezoito híbridos experimentais e cinco comerciais, indicados para silagem. O experimento foi instalado no ano agrícola 2003/2004, com delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com três repetições e a parcela experimental constituída de quatro linhas de 5,0 metros. As plantas foram colhidas a 20 cm do solo, no estádio da linha de leite na metade do grão (farináceo/duro. As silagens foram incubadas in situ por 0, 6, 12, 24 e 96 horas, no rúmen de três vacas fistuladas e a degradabilidade efetiva foi calculada assumindo taxa de passagem de -0,05%/hora. Foi observado que entre as cultivares avaliadas, há híbridos com grande potencial para a produção de silagem de qualidade com alta degradabilidade da matéria seca de planta inteira (DEF, independentemente da textura do grão; é correto o uso da estratégia de sintetizar híbridos visando à alta degradabilidade efetiva da matéria seca da planta inteira (DEF utilizando linhagens que apresentam alta DEF. A baixa correlação da degradabilidade efetiva com características agronômicas e bromatológicas, evidencia a necessidade de maior utilização da DEF na seleção de híbridos de milho, visando à produção de silagem de qualidade.In order to recommend corn hybrids for silage it is not enough to have high dry matter. It is also necessary that the silage presents high effective

Studies on the Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide O (II): A Stereoselective Synthesis of C1-C11 Fragment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jang, Mi Yeon; Kim, Jong Woo; Lee, Duck Hyung [Sogang University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2005-10-15

Two ketones and, the C1-C11 fragment of Amphidinolide O, were prepared stereoselectively via 14 and 16 step sequences in 8.7% and 2.0% overall yield, respectively. The amphidinolides were isolated from the marine dinoflagellate Amphidinium sp., which produces a host of secondary metabolites endowed with potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. Amphidinolide O displayed potent in vitro cytotoxicity against L1210 marine leukemia cells and human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells with 1.7 and 3.6 μg/mL of IC50s, respectively. In addition to our recent reports regarding to the synthesis of C12-C17 and C3-C11 fragments of amphidinolide O, we describe herein a new route to diastereoselective synthesis of C1-C11 fragment of. The retrosynthetic analysis of led to the C1-C11 fragment and C12-C17 fragment. The hemiketal was expected from acyclic precursor 4 which, in turn, would be derived by diastereoselective aldol reaction between ketone and aldehyde.

Fragmentation of atomic clusters: A theoretical study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez, M.J.; Jellinek, J.

1994-01-01

Collisionless fragmentation of nonrotating model n-atom metal clusters (n=12, 13, and 14) is studied using isoergic molecular-dynamics simulations. Minimum-energy paths for fragmentation are mapped out as functions of the distance between the centers of mass of the fragments. These paths provide information on the fragmentation energies for the different fragmentation channels. Fragmentation patterns (distributions of the fragmentation channel probabilities) and global and channel-specific fragmentation rate constants are computed and analyzed as functions of the internal energy and of the size of the clusters. The trends derived from the dynamics are compared with those obtained using the RRK and TST statistical approaches. The dynamics of the fragmentation process is analyzed in terms of characteristic quantities such as the distance between the centers of mass of the fragments, their relative translational energy, and their interaction energy, all considered as functions of time

História Militar do Ceará

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walter José Faustini

1953-03-01

Full Text Available SOUZA (Eusébio de. — História Militar do Ceará. Monografia n.o 15 da  Série História do Ceará, da Coleção Instituto do Ceará. 1950 (Obra  póstuma. (Primeiro Parágrafo do Artigo Destinada a integrar uma coleção de assuntos cearenses, a presente obra pretende historiar a evolução das instituições militares no Estado do Ceará.

Heavy-ion LINAC development for the US RIA project

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The Nuclear Science Community in the Unites States has unanimously concluded that developments in both nuclear science and its supporting technologies make building a world-leading Rare-Isotope Accelerator (RIA) facility for production of radioactive beams the top priority. The RIA development effort involves several ...

Federalismo e a questão tributária

OpenAIRE

Afonso, José Roberto; BNDES

2011-01-01

Em vez de fazer uma exposição convencional, listarei aqui alguns aspectos para a discussão, pois quase todo mundo no Brasil entende de reforma tributária. Metade dos brasileiros possui projeto de reforma tributária. Assim, o debate fica mais interessante.

利用 DDRT-PCR 鉴定芸芥自交不亲和系与自交亲和系的差异表达 cDNA%Identification of cDNA Fragments in Self-incompatible and Self-compatible Lines of Eruca sativa Mill.by DDRT-PCR

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

范惠玲; 白生文; 李华清; 孙万仓

2016-01-01

Yunjie is closely related to important vegetables an d oil seed crops,and can be considered a genetic resource for all Brassiceae crops.Self compatibility is an important variant traits to Yunjie.This study aimed to probe the expression organ of self-compatible gene and isolate cDNA fragments related to self-compatibility of Yunjie. Leaf,anther and stigma from self-incompatible (SI)and self-compatible (SC)lines of Yunjie were examined by DDRT-PCR.The results showed that the amplification pattern of leaves and anthers were the same in SI and SC lines.However,different bands were obtained in stigmas of SI and SC lines before and after flowering.SC gene of E. sativa was not showing constitutive expression but showed tissue-specific expression in stigma.Only two fragments were amplified in SC lines before flowering,the one was less than 100 bp,the other was 750 -1 000 bp.A 300 bp fragment was found unique to self-compatible line after flowering.These three cDNA fragments might be closely re-lated to the self-compatibility in Yunjie.In addition,two cDNA fragments were generated in SI line before flowering, one was 500 bp,the other was 750 bp.One band of 500 -600 bp was identified in SI line after flowering.These cDNA fragments could efficiently distinguish self-compatible and self-incompatible lines,and could also be useful for cloning self-compatible gene of Yunjie.%芸芥与芸薹属植物具有亲缘关系，也是芸薹属植物的重要育种资源。自交亲和性是芸芥的一种重要变异性状。为了探明芸芥自交亲和基因的表达器官，并分离与自交亲和性有关的 cDNA 片段，以芸芥的一对近等基因系，自交亲和系（SC）与自交不亲和系（SI）为试材，利用差异显示 RT-PCR �

Alguns apontamentos sobre a trajetória da Psicologia social comunitária no Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Alves Gonçalves

Full Text Available Este artigo aborda a trajetória da Psicologia social comunitária no Brasil tomando como material privilegiado de análise os anais dos encontros nacionais da Associação Brasileira de Psicologia Social (ABRAPSO. O objetivo foi o de historiar os argumentos produzidos por autores da PSC em busca de uma identidade para a área. A análise buscou evidenciar a especificidade da PSC, os objetivos de suas intervenções e a noção de comunidade. Tomamos os anais dos encontros nacionais da ABRAPSO como fonte principal pela importância da associação na produção de dispositivos conceituais e de novas formas de atuação profissional dos psicólogos no Brasil. Concluímos o trabalho indicando a ênfase na diferença e na oposicão entre uma psicologia latino e norte-americana como recurso estratégico de afirmação identitária da área. Apontamos a importância do trabalho em comunidade para a renovação das práticas do psicólogo no Brasil e para a relativa carência de reflexão conceitual sobre a noção de comunidade.

Mycotoxin determination using RIA and ELISA methods

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukal, L; Sova, Z

1985-12-01

Experience is summed up of various authors with the determination of some mycotoxins (aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, rubratoxin, zearalenon, sterigmatocystine) using radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay. For RIA purposes, tritium or sometimes iodine 125 is frequently used for labelling mycotoxins. Mycotoxins do not show immunogenic properties and must thus be conjugated with a high-molecular compound (serum albumin, polylysine) prior to immunozation. Factors are discussed making mycotoxin determination in foods difficult. Specificity of the obtained antisera is total between the individual mycotoxin groups while cross reactions are always recorded within the groups. RIA makes it possible to determine down to 200 pg (labelled with /sup 3/H) or 5 pg (labelled with /sup 125/I) of mycotoxins in a standard solution. In addition to high sensitivity and specificity, immunoassays of mycotoxins minimize the quantities of samples and solvents needed for extraction. Large series of samples can be processed using automatic analyzers. ELISA generally is more advantageous than RIA.

DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rex, A S; Aagaard, J.; Fedder, J

2017-01-01

Sperm DNA Fragmentation has been extensively studied for more than a decade. In the 1940s the uniqueness of the spermatozoa protein complex which stabilizes the DNA was discovered. In the fifties and sixties, the association between unstable chromatin structure and subfertility was investigated....... In the seventies, the impact of induced DNA damage was investigated. In the 1980s the concept of sperm DNA fragmentation as related to infertility was introduced as well as the first DNA fragmentation test: the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labelling...... (TUNEL) test followed by others was introduced in the nineties. The association between DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa and pregnancy loss has been extensively investigated spurring the need for a therapeutic tool for these patients. This gave rise to an increased interest in the aetiology of DNA damage...

Estradiol RIA kit in clinical practice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Friedrich, W.; Lisse, K.; Bienert, R.; Flentje, H.; Koerner, H.; Wilken, T.; Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Berlin-Buch. Zentralinstitut fuer Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung)

1985-01-01

First clinical experience with a estradiol RIA kit developed in the Central Institute for Isotope- and Radiation Research is reported. The kit was used for the daily control of estradiol level in patients, which were treated within the program for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. The time of incubation could be shortened by means of a double antibody technique and by use of a precipitation mixture to 2 h. The intraassay variation is 9.2%, the interassay variation is 15.1%, the recovery rate is 94%. The sensitivity of the test (B 0 -3SD) is about 120 pmol/l. The estradiol RIA kit satisfies clinical requirements. (author)

Photon-hadron fragmentation: theoretical situation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peschanski, R.

1983-07-01

Using a selection of new experimental results models of hadronic fragmentation and their phenomenological comparison are presented. Indeed a convenient theory of hadronic fragmentation -for instance based on Q.C.D.- does not exist: low transverse momentum fragmentation involves the badly known hadronic long-range forces. Models should clarify the situation in the prospect of an eventual future theory

Trajectórias Familiares e Vivências Escolares: Projectos de vida e processos identitários nos descendentes de imigrantes guineenses na Escola Secundária de Odivelas

OpenAIRE

Fati, David Lamine

2017-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado em Sociologia O tema central desta investigação é a análise das trajectórias pessoais e escolares dos descendentes de imigrantes africanos provenientes da Guiné-Bissau. Com base nesse intuito, realizou-se uma análise das trajectórias migratórias, educativas e sociais dos progenitores de cada um dos nossos entrevistados, visando entrecruzar essas trajectórias com as vivências pessoais e escolares de cada um dos jovens entrevistados a fim de entender em que medida as ...

Twentieth century overview of heavy metals in the Galician Rias (NW Iberian Peninsula)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prego, R.; Cobelo-Garcia, A.

2003-01-01

All information published on metals in this region up to the year 2000 is reviewed from a biogeochemical viewpoint. - The 18 Galician Rias, comprising 25% of the Iberian Peninsula coastline, form a unique system within the European continental Atlantic coast and provide a useful reference area for studies of metals. These rias are sensitive to anthropogenic influence due to the socioeconomic importance generated in these areas by industry, aquaculture, port activities, fishing, tourism and, accordingly, several islands lying within close proximity to the rias have recently been declared natural parks. Aquaculture in the Galician Rias is a growth industry and in 2000 the rias supported 3386 mussel rafts producing 2.5x10 8 kg year -1 , i.e. 40% of European Union total seafood production. The Galician Rias are partially stratified estuaries with positive residual circulation with fresh (runoff lower than 100 m 3 s -1 ) and salt water mixing inside the basins. This behaviour has direct consequences on metal fluxes whereby the rias behave as a barrier and accumulate metals in the sediments. Metals tend to deposit close to point sources and remobilization occurs inside the ria, leading to a seaward decrease in metal concentration. With the exception of the Ulla (Arosa Ria) and Eume (Ares-Betanzos Ria) head rivers and the Lagares river (Vigo Ria) the available data suggest that riverine freshwater inputs are not the main source of contamination. Metal studies reported in the literature mainly relate to Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, and to a lesser extent Hg and Sn. Studies of other harmful metals such as Ag, Se and As are notably lacking. In addition, the studies have been localized and mainly restricted to the surface sediment. Data of heavy metals in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter and biota is scarce in the mainstream literature and should be considered in the future research. From the entire Galician coast, data from seven rias of socio

77 FR 5489 - Identification of Human Cell Lines Project

Science.gov (United States)

2012-02-03

... individual or species. With the advent of standardized, simple, and rapid methods for human cell line... project will undergo STR profiling, a DNA profiling method that examines/screens for STRs (DNA elements 2... distinct DNA profile and when the STR DNA fragment sizes are converted to numeric values, the DNA profiles...

A new location to split Cre recombinase for protein fragment complementation.

Science.gov (United States)

Rajaee, Maryam; Ow, David W

2017-11-01

We have previously described a recombinase-mediated gene stacking system in which the Cre recombinase is used to remove lox-site flanked DNA no longer needed after each round of Bxb1 integrase-mediated site-specific integration. The Cre recombinase can be conveniently introduced by hybridization with a cre-expressing plant. However, maintaining an efficient cre-expressing line over many generations can be a problem, as high production of this DNA-binding protein might interfere with normal chromosome activities. To counter this selection against high Cre activity, we considered a split-cre approach, in which Cre activity is reconstituted after separate parts of Cre are brought into the same genome by hybridization. To insure that the recombinase-mediated gene stacking system retains its freedom to operate, we tested for new locations to split Cre into complementing fragments. In this study, we describe testing four new locations for splitting the Cre recombinase for protein fragment complementation and show that the two fragments of Cre split between Lys244 and Asn245 can reconstitute activity that is comparable to that of wild-type Cre. © 2017 The Authors. Plant Biotechnology Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Recent progress on perturbative QCD fragmentation functions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheung, K.

1995-05-01

The recent development of perturbative QCD (PQCD) fragmentation functions has strong impact on quarkonium production. I shall summarize B c meson production based on these PQCD fragmentation functions, as well as, the highlights of some recent activities on applying these PQCD fragmentation functions to explain anomalous J/ψ and ψ' production at the Tevatron. Finally, I discuss a fragmentation model based on the PQCD fragmentation functions for heavy quarks fragmenting into heavy-light mesons

Dopplervelocimetria da artéria cerebral média fetal e outros parâmetros de vitalidade fetal na sobrevida neonatal em gestações com insuficiência placentária

OpenAIRE

Nomura, Roseli Mieko Yamamoto; Niigaki, Juliana Ikeda; Horigome, Flávia Thiemi; Francisco, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira; Zugaib, Marcelo

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO: Estudar a dopplervelocimetria da artéria cerebral média fetal em gestações complicadas pela insuficiência placentária e verificar o seu papel no prognóstico de sobrevida neonatal. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo de 93 gestantes com diagnóstico de insuficiência placentária estabelecida antes da 34ª semana. A insuficiência placentária foi caracterizada pelo Doppler de artéria umbilical (AU) alterado (> p95). Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: índice de pulsatilidade (IP...

Dopplervelocimetria da artéria cerebral média fetal e outros parâmetros de vitalidade fetal na sobrevida neonatal em gestações com insuficiência placentária

OpenAIRE

Nomura,Roseli Mieko Yamamoto; Niigaki,Juliana Ikeda; Horigome,Flávia Thiemi; Francisco,Rossana Pulcineli Vieira; Zugaib,Marcelo

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO: Estudar a dopplervelocimetria da artéria cerebral média fetal em gestações complicadas pela insuficiência placentária e verificar o seu papel no prognóstico de sobrevida neonatal. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo de 93 gestantes com diagnóstico de insuficiência placentária estabelecida antes da 34ª semana. A insuficiência placentária foi caracterizada pelo Doppler de artéria umbilical (AU) alterado (> p95). Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: índice de pulsatilidade ...

Fragmentation and flow in central collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jacak, B.V.; Doss, K.G.R.; Gustafsson, H.A.

1987-01-01

Investigation of the fragmentation mechanism requires the measurement of complicated observables. To identify what part of the reacting system gives rise to the fragments, it would be useful to tag them as participants or spectators. A large acceptance for all the reaction products and an event-by-event measurement of the fragment multiplicity is required to distinguish fragment formation via sequential emission from a large equilibrated system and multifragmentation. In order to address whether fragments are formed early or late in the collision, information about the dynamical evolution of the reaction is necessary. This can be provided by study of the global properties of the events. This paper discusses experimental techniques applicable to studying fragmentation processes. 25 refs., 8 figs

Long-term effects of fragmentation and fragment properties on bird species richness in Hawaiian forests

Science.gov (United States)

David J. Flaspohler; Christian P. Giardina; Gregory P. Asner; Patrick Hart; Jonathan Price; Cassie Ka’apu Lyons; Xeronimo. Castaneda

2010-01-01

Forest fragmentation is a common disturbance affecting biological diversity, yet the impacts of fragmentation on many forest processes remain poorly understood. Forest restoration is likely to be more successful when it proceeds with an understanding of how native and exotic vertebrates utilize forest patches of different size. We used a system of forest fragments...

Barbas, Helena, Madalena. História e Mito

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sidinea Pedreira

2012-10-01

Full Text Available É inquestionável a importância da recuperação e reconfiguração de histórias de personagens que contribuíram, ao longo dos séculos, para a criação e manutenção de estereótipos que serviram para a legitimação de papéis sociais e de comportamentos. Reescritas e reinterpretações da história – seja de relatos históricos, seja de mitos ou lendas – são possíveis e necessárias, uma vez que proporcionam espaços de discussão e de reconfiguração de papéis sociais, nomeadamente no que diz respeito às ide...

Mass spectrometry for fragment screening.

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, Daniel Shiu-Hin; Whitehouse, Andrew J; Coyne, Anthony G; Abell, Chris

2017-11-08

Fragment-based approaches in chemical biology and drug discovery have been widely adopted worldwide in both academia and industry. Fragment hits tend to interact weakly with their targets, necessitating the use of sensitive biophysical techniques to detect their binding. Common fragment screening techniques include differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and ligand-observed NMR. Validation and characterization of hits is usually performed using a combination of protein-observed NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and X-ray crystallography. In this context, MS is a relatively underutilized technique in fragment screening for drug discovery. MS-based techniques have the advantage of high sensitivity, low sample consumption and being label-free. This review highlights recent examples of the emerging use of MS-based techniques in fragment screening. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.

Regulatory research / Pesquisa regulatória

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Altair Souza de Assis

2013-05-01

Full Text Available We present in this paper the concept, importance, and scope of research into the regulatory framework of regulation and legislation, with a particular focus on legislation related to legal metrology. This study also describes a comparative analysis of the various forms of regulation and the associated regulatory research, with the ultimate goal of better defi ning the concept and to validate the need to have research groups within a country’s regulatory bodies. Based on this work, we conclude that regulatory research is a key factor in the success of any regulatory body’s activities. Such research helps to avoid the creation of absurd or impractical regulatory barriers to a country’s technological development, or worse, to permit “orphans,” that is, technologies that are outside regulatory control, as is currently the case. Indeed, for a country to have a robust technological infrastructure, especially if it is still a developing country, strong and competent regulatory control is essential. However, this must be balanced by an atmosphere that fosters continuous and consistent technological innovation, and such development must also be self-sustainable from economic, social, and environmental viewpoints. ------------------------------------------------ Apresenta-se neste trabalho o conceito, a importância e a abrangência da pesquisa regulatória no âmbito da regulação e da regulamentação, com foco particular na regulamentação relacionada à metrologia legal. Faz-se também uma análise comparativa entre as várias formas de regular e regulamentar, e as suas pesquisas regulatórias afi ns, tendo como meta principal situar melhor o conceito e validar a necessidade de se fazer pesquisa nos órgãos e agências regulatórias do país. Com base neste trabalho, concluímos que a pesquisa regulatória é um fator chave para o sucesso de qualquer plano de ação de regulação para os agentes regulatórios do país. Ela ajuda a

Impossibilidade de alteração de lei complementar por lei ordinária em matéria tributária

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Marcelo de Lima Castro Diniz

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Usually the legislator controls a specific subject through a complementary law, although it can be done through a ordinary law, which is different concerning the legislative process, mainly on the quorum matter. A law with these characteristics must be considered complementary law, so that its modification is only possible by a norm on the same level. According to the principles of “more value legitimatory” and liberty of conformation of the legislator in his legislative activity.É comum que o legislador regule um determinado assunto por meio de lei complementar, embora pudesse fazê-lo através de lei ordinária, cujo processo legislativo é diferente, sobretudo pela questão do quorum. Uma lei com essas características deve ser considerada lei complementar, decorrendo daí que sua modificação apenas é possível por norma do mesmo escalão, em face dos princípios da mais valia legitimatória e da liberdade de conformação do legislador na atividade legislativa.

Hydrodynamic Aspects at Vitória Bay Mouth, ES

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FLÁVIA A.A. GARONCE

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Understading the hydrodynamic behavior and suspended particulated matter (SPM transport are of great importance in port regions such as Vitória Harbor, which is located at Vitória Bay, Vitória – ES, Brazil. Vitória Bay is an estuary that has not been systematically assessed through a temporal analysis in order to identify its hydrodynamics characteristics and SPM exchange. This study aims to investigate salt and suspended particulate matter flux at the estuarine mouth of Vitória Bay by understanding the temporal variation of salinity, temperature and tidal currents within the water column and at the channel crosssection. Results showed that the estuarine mouth tended to present partial stratification periods during neap tides and little stratification in spring tides. The circulation pattern was mainly influenced by the tide, with little influence from river discharge. With regard to the SPM, the mouth of the estuary tended to show low concentrations, with the highest values occurring during the dry season. A close relationship between momentary discharge, SPM and salt fluxes was observed. Despite all the data was collected at the mouth of the estuary, the system showed an importation trend of salt in all cycles and SPM importation for three of the four studied tidal cycles. Thus, Vitoria Bay is not exporting SPM to the adjacent inner shelf.

Physics of projectile fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minamisono, Tadanori

1982-01-01

This is a study report on the polarization phenomena of the projectile fragments produced by heavy ion reactions, and the beta decay of fragments. The experimental project by using heavy ions with the energy from 50 MeV/amu to 250 MeV/amu was designed. Construction of an angle-dispersion spectrograph for projectile fragments was proposed. This is a two-stage spectrograph. The first stage is a QQDQQ type separator, and the second stage is QDQD type. Estimation shows that Co-66 may be separated from the nuclei with mass of 65 and 67. The orientation of fragments can be measured by detecting beta-ray. The apparatus consists of a uniform field magnet, an energy absorber, a stopper, a RF coil and a beta-ray hodoscope. This system can be used for not only this purpose but also for the measurement of hyperfine structure. (Kato, T.)

A Guisa de Apresentação ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: PESQUISAS SOBRE ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA

OpenAIRE

Julia Silveira Matos

2015-01-01

Em comemoração e homenagem aos 20 anos do Grupo de Trabalho de Ensino de História e Educação da secção regional da Associação Nacional de História – ANPUH, no Rio Grande do Sul, a Revista Opsis reuniu trabalhos de diversos pesquisadores brasileiros e apresenta o Dossiê intitulado “Ensino de História e Formação de professores: pesquisas sobre o Ensino de História”, com o intuito de contribuir para consolidar e aprofundar os debates sobre esse campo de estudos e de ação.

δ-Aminolevulinic acid cytotoxic effects on human hepatocarcinoma cell lines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Siervi, Adriana; Vazquez, Elba S; Rezaval, Carolina; Rossetti, María V; Batlle, Alcira M del [Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias (CIPYP), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Department of Biological Chemistry, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2002-01-01

Acute Intermittent Porphyria is a genetic disorder of heme metabolism, characterized by increased levels of porphyrin precursors, δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and porphobilinogen (PBG). ALA has been reported to generate reactive oxygen species and to cause oxidative damage to proteins, subcellular structures and DNA. It is known that oxidative stress can induce apoptosis. The aim of this work was to study the cytotoxic effect of ALA on two hepatocarcinoma cell lines. We have determined the impact of ALA on HEP G2 and HEP 3B hepatocarcinoma cell lines survival as measured by the MTT assay. ALA proved to be cytotoxic in both cell lines however; HEP G2 was more sensitive to ALA than HEP 3B. Addition of hemin or glucose diminished ALA cytotoxicity in HEP G2 cells; instead it was enhanced in HEP 3B cells. Because apoptosis is usually associated with DNA fragmentation, the DNA of ALA treated and untreated cells were analyzed. The characteristic pattern of DNA fragmentation ladders was observed in ALA treated cells. To elucidate the mechanisms of ALA induced apoptosis, we examined its effect on p53 expression. No changes in p53 mRNA levels were observed after exposure of both cell lines to ALA for 24 h. CDK2 and CDK4 protein levels were reduced after ALA treatment at physiological concentrations.

δ-Aminolevulinic acid cytotoxic effects on human hepatocarcinoma cell lines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

del Batlle Alcira M

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Acute Intermittent Porphyria is a genetic disorder of heme metabolism, characterized by increased levels of porphyrin precursors, δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA and porphobilinogen (PBG. ALA has been reported to generate reactive oxygen species and to cause oxidative damage to proteins, subcellular structures and DNA. It is known that oxidative stress can induce apoptosis. The aim of this work was to study the cytotoxic effect of ALA on two hepatocarcinoma cell lines. Results We have determined the impact of ALA on HEP G2 and HEP 3B hepatocarcinoma cell lines survival as measured by the MTT assay. ALA proved to be cytotoxic in both cell lines however; HEP G2 was more sensitive to ALA than HEP 3B. Addition of hemin or glucose diminished ALA cytotoxicity in HEP G2 cells; instead it was enhanced in HEP 3B cells. Because apoptosis is usually associated with DNA fragmentation, the DNA of ALA treated and untreated cells were analyzed. The characteristic pattern of DNA fragmentation ladders was observed in ALA treated cells. To elucidate the mechanisms of ALA induced apoptosis, we examined its effect on p53 expression. No changes in p53 mRNA levels were observed after exposure of both cell lines to ALA for 24 h. CDK2 and CDK4 protein levels were reduced after ALA treatment at physiological concentrations.

δ-Aminolevulinic acid cytotoxic effects on human hepatocarcinoma cell lines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Siervi, Adriana; Vazquez, Elba S; Rezaval, Carolina; Rossetti, María V; Batlle, Alcira M del

2002-01-01

Acute Intermittent Porphyria is a genetic disorder of heme metabolism, characterized by increased levels of porphyrin precursors, δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and porphobilinogen (PBG). ALA has been reported to generate reactive oxygen species and to cause oxidative damage to proteins, subcellular structures and DNA. It is known that oxidative stress can induce apoptosis. The aim of this work was to study the cytotoxic effect of ALA on two hepatocarcinoma cell lines. We have determined the impact of ALA on HEP G2 and HEP 3B hepatocarcinoma cell lines survival as measured by the MTT assay. ALA proved to be cytotoxic in both cell lines however; HEP G2 was more sensitive to ALA than HEP 3B. Addition of hemin or glucose diminished ALA cytotoxicity in HEP G2 cells; instead it was enhanced in HEP 3B cells. Because apoptosis is usually associated with DNA fragmentation, the DNA of ALA treated and untreated cells were analyzed. The characteristic pattern of DNA fragmentation ladders was observed in ALA treated cells. To elucidate the mechanisms of ALA induced apoptosis, we examined its effect on p53 expression. No changes in p53 mRNA levels were observed after exposure of both cell lines to ALA for 24 h. CDK2 and CDK4 protein levels were reduced after ALA treatment at physiological concentrations

Walking at the drip line

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonaccorso, Angela

2015-01-01

Among exotic nuclei those at the drip line which are unstable against neutron emission are particularly interesting because they convey information on the nuclear force in the most extreme situations. Strictly speaking they are not ''nuclei'' but they exist thanks to long living resonances between a neutron and a bound ''core'' nucleus. Adding one more neutron they become bound and are called ''borromean''. Being particularly exotic they have attracted much attention in past years. One very challenging example is 13 Be whose level ordering has been discussed in a large number of papers in which it has been studied by transfer and fragmentation experiments, or it has been discussed theoretically. Although projectile fragmentation spectra show evident similarities, the interpretations of data all differ from each other. In this paper we argue that a way trough the problem could be to try to establish first, or at the same time, the quite elusive ''nature'' of the second s-state in the Beryllium isotopes with A=9-14. On the other hand there are other recent neutron removal experiments leading to nuclei unstable by one or more proton emissions, and thus somewhat mirror to borromean nuclei, performed with nuclei close to the proton drip line. It has been shown that by taking in coincidence all (charged) particles but the removed neutron, reconstructing the invariant mass and gating on the ground state peak, it is possible to obtain the longitudinal momentum distribution of the unbound ''core''. One can link it to the original wave function of the bound orbital and thus determine the initial neutron angular momentum from the shape of the distribution and the initial occupation probability from the absolute removal cross section. Then it is clear that modern experiments and theories are able to study unstable nuclei with the same degree of accuracy as stable nuclei. Such a

Obstrução das artérias carótidas e das principais artérias cerebrais

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José Zaclis

1956-06-01

Full Text Available São reunidos os dados relativos a 23 casos de obstrução de artérias crânio-encefálicas: carótida primitiva em 2 casos; carótida interna em 16 casos; artéria cerebral em 2; cerebral média em 3. São analisados a incidência da obstrução arterial em relação à idade e ao sexo, sua sintomatologia e os métodos de diagnóstico. Foi observada nítida predileção para o sexo masculino. As idades extremas dos pacientes foram de 10 meses e de 56 anos, variando os restantes entre 20 e 50 anos. Quanto às manifestações clínicas destaca-se a hemiplegia, que ocorreu em 21 dos pacientes. No tocante ao diagnóstico angiográfico, os autores são de opinião que, para afastar a possibilidade de oclusão transitória devida a espasmo, é importante que o mesmo aspecto seja verificado em exames sucessivos, principalmente quando o segmento visível da artéria ocluída não apresentar deformação característica. Como contraprova foi feita, em 12 casos, a angiografia controlateral; em nenhum destes casos houve qualquer acidente atribuível ao exame. A angiografia controlateral, além de constituir contraprova da oclusão vascular, permite o estudo da circulação de suplência.

Behavior of small-sized BWR fuel under reactivity initiated accident conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yanagisawa, Kazuaki; Fujishiro, Toshio; Horiki, Oichiro; Chen Dianshan; Takeuchi, Kiyoshi.

1992-01-01

The present work was performed on this small-sized BWR fuel, where Zr liner and rod prepressurization were taken as experimental parameters. Experiment was done under simulated reactivity initiated accident (RIA) conditions at Nuclear Safety Research Reactor (NSRR) belonged to Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). Major remarks obtained are as follows: (1) Three different types of the fuel rods consisted of (a) Zr lined/pressurized (0.65MPa), (b) Zr lined/non-pressurized and (c) non-Zr lined/pressurized (o.65MPa) were used, respectively. Failure thresholds of these were not less than that (260 cal/g·fuel) described in Japanese RIA Licensing Guideline. Small-sized BWR and conventional 8 x 8 BWR fuels were considered to be in almost the same level in failure threshold. Failure modes of the three were (a) cladding melt/brittle, (b) cladding melt/brittle and (c) rupture by large ballooning, respectively. (2) The magnitude of pressure pulse at fuel fragmentation was also studied by lined/pressurized and non-lined/pressurized fuels. Above the energy deposition of 370 cal/g·fuel, mechanical energy (or pressure) was found to be released from these fragmented fuels. No measurable difference was, however, observed between the tested fuels and NSRR standard (and conventional 8 x 8 BWR) fuels. (3) It is worthy of mentioning that Zr liner tended to prevent the cladding from large ballooning. Non-lined/pressurized fuel tended to cause wrinkle deformation at cladding. Hence, cladding external was notched much by the wrinkles. (4) Time to fuel failure measured from the tested BWR fuels (pressurization < 0.6MPA) was longer than that measured from PWR fuels (pressurization < 3.2MPa). The magnitude of the former was of the order of 3 ∼ 6s, while that of the latter was < 1s. (J.P.N.)

Road safety impact assessment RIA : a proposal for tools and procedures for a RIA. A study commissioned by the European Commission DG VII.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wegman, F.C.M. Roszbach, R. Mulder, J.A.G. Schoon, C.C. & Poppe, F.

1994-01-01

This study develops a Road Safety Impact Assessment (RIA) tool. RIAs could be made on a more strategic level, and on an individual project or scheme level. On a strategic level, the study suggests to assess safety consequences of changes of traffic over a road network due to infrastructural projects

Bactérias diazotróficas em mudas de bananeira

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WEBER OLMAR BALLER

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou selecionar bactérias diazotróficas isoladas de bananeira (Musa spp. e avaliar sua influência no crescimento de mudas micropropagadas. Bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum e relacionadas a Burkholderia cepacia foram inoculadas em plântulas de banana cv. Prata Anã e cv. Caipira. As bananeiras cv. Prata Anã, cultivadas in vitro com substrato pobre em N, apresentaram maior crescimento na presença de bactérias do tipo Herbaspirillum, ao passo que as bananeiras cv. Caipira cresceram melhor com o inóculo contendo bactérias do gênero Burkholderia. Em casa de vegetação, as bananeiras cv. Caipira crescidas em sacolas de plástico contendo areia e vermiculita (1:2, suplementada com a solução de Hoagland contendo 5 mg L-1 de N, apresentaram maior crescimento quando da inoculação simultânea dos dois gêneros de bactérias, em comparação à inoculação individual. A inoculação simultânea proporcionou um crescimento nas bananeiras equivalente ao observado nas plantas-controles adubadas com 50 mg L-1 de N no substrato, porém o teor e o acúmulo de N na parte aérea das bananeiras foram menores. A contribuição de bactérias diazotróficas no crescimento de bananeiras é demonstrada pela primeira vez.

Analgesia pós-operatória

OpenAIRE

Bassanezi,Betina Sílvia Beozzo; Oliveira Filho,Antonio Gonçalves de

2006-01-01

JUSTIFICATIVAS E OBJETIVOS: A dor sempre foi uma das maiores preocupações do homem, entretanto, apesar dos progressos da ciência, ainda existem várias barreiras ao seu adequado tratamento, incluindo a falta de conhecimento por parte da equipe médica, sobre o mecanismo das diversas drogas e técnicas empregadas. O objetivo deste trabalho é abordar as principais drogas e técnicas empregadas no controle da dor pós-operatória, visando estimular o interesse sobre o assunto bem como aumentar a eficá...

MRI of displaced meniscal fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dunoski, Brian; Zbojniewicz, Andrew M.; Laor, Tal

2012-01-01

A torn meniscus frequently requires surgical fixation or debridement as definitive treatment. Meniscal tears with associated fragment displacement, such as bucket handle and flap tears, can be difficult to recognize and accurately describe on MRI, and displaced fragments can be challenging to identify at surgery. A displaced meniscal fragment can be obscured by synovium or be in a location not usually evaluated at arthroscopy. We present a pictorial essay of meniscal tears with displaced fragments in patients referred to a pediatric hospital in order to increase recognition and accurate interpretation by the radiologist, who in turn can help assist the surgeon in planning appropriate therapy. (orig.)

MRI of displaced meniscal fragments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dunoski, Brian [University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children' s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH (United States); Children' s Hospital of Michigan, Department of Radiology, Detroit, MI (United States); Zbojniewicz, Andrew M.; Laor, Tal [University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children' s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH (United States)

2012-01-15

A torn meniscus frequently requires surgical fixation or debridement as definitive treatment. Meniscal tears with associated fragment displacement, such as bucket handle and flap tears, can be difficult to recognize and accurately describe on MRI, and displaced fragments can be challenging to identify at surgery. A displaced meniscal fragment can be obscured by synovium or be in a location not usually evaluated at arthroscopy. We present a pictorial essay of meniscal tears with displaced fragments in patients referred to a pediatric hospital in order to increase recognition and accurate interpretation by the radiologist, who in turn can help assist the surgeon in planning appropriate therapy. (orig.)

Dimensional crossover in fragmentation

Science.gov (United States)

Sotolongo-Costa, Oscar; Rodriguez, Arezky H.; Rodgers, G. J.

2000-11-01

Experiments in which thick clay plates and glass rods are fractured have revealed different behavior of fragment mass distribution function in the small and large fragment regions. In this paper we explain this behavior using non-extensive Tsallis statistics and show how the crossover between the two regions is caused by the change in the fragments’ dimensionality during the fracture process. We obtain a physical criterion for the position of this crossover and an expression for the change in the power-law exponent between the small and large fragment regions. These predictions are in good agreement with the experiments on thick clay plates.

Conservation value of a native forest fragment in a region of extensive agriculture.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiarello

2000-05-01

A survey of mammals and birds was carried out in a semi-deciduous forest fragment of 150 ha located in a zone of intensive agriculture in Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, south-eastern Brazil. Line transect sampling was used to census mammals and birds during six days, totalling 27.8 km of trails and 27.8 hours of observation. Twenty mammal species were confirmed in the area (except bats and small mammals), including rare or endangered species, such as the mountain lion (Puma concolor), the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), and the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). The brown capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) and the black-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix penicillata) were found frequently, suggesting high population density in the fragment. Regarding the avifauna, 49 bird species were recorded, most of them typical of open areas or forest edges. Some confirmed species, however, are becoming increasingly rare in the region, as for example the muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) and the toco toucan (Ramphastos toco). The results demonstrate that forest fragment of this size are refuges for native fauna in a region dominated almost exclusively by sugar-cane plantations. Besides faunal aspects, the conservation of these fragments is of great importance for the establishment of studies related to species preservation in the long term, including reintroduction and translocation projects, as well as studies related to genetic health of isolated populations.

Mas afinal, a memória é de quem? Histórias orais e modos de lembrar e contar

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Antoinette Errante

2012-06-01

Full Text Available  Recentemente, a pesquisa em ciência social tem dado mais atenção às intrincadas relações entre biografia e história. Na pesquisa educacional, esse foco resultou numa explosão do interesse na narrativa pessoal como uma articulação da experiência individual e coletiva com os mundos social, político e cultural da educação. Esse interesse na narrativa pessoal deu, por conseqüência, proeminência ao trabalho em história oral. O crescimento da atração intuitiva das narrativas pessoais, no entanto, ganhou uma complacência metodológica. O que significa coletar e analisar narrativas pessoais? Como os narradores verbalizam suas narrativas e narram sua voz? Que papel exerce o jogo das entrevistas no desdobramento dessas narrativas? O que significam essas questões no contexto das histórias orais, que são narrativas em que a dinâmica entrevistador-narrador também é mediatizada pela natureza da memória? Este artigo examina o que a autora aprendeu sobre histórias orais das narrativas que a autora pôde, e não pôde,coletar.Palavras-chave: história oral, educação colonial, educação em Moçambique.   Abstract Social science inquiry has increasingly focused on the intricate relations between biography and history. In educational inquiry, this focus has led to an explosion of interest in the personal narrative as an articulation of individual and collective experience with the social, political and cultural worlds of education. This interest in the personal narrative has in tum given prominence to work in oral history as a research strategy. The growing intuitive appeal of personal narratives, however, has led to certain methodological complacency. What does it mean to collect and analyze personal narratives? How do narrators voice their narratives and narrate their voice? What role do interviewers play in the unfolding of these narratives? What do these questions mean in the context of oral histories, which are narratives

Regularity and mass conservation for discrete coagulation–fragmentation equations with diffusion

KAUST Repository

Cañizo, J.A.

2010-03-01

We present a new a priori estimate for discrete coagulation-fragmentation systems with size-dependent diffusion within a bounded, regular domain confined by homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. Following from a duality argument, this a priori estimate provides a global L2 bound on the mass density and was previously used, for instance, in the context of reaction-diffusion equations. In this paper we demonstrate two lines of applications for such an estimate: On the one hand, it enables to simplify parts of the known existence theory and allows to show existence of solutions for generalised models involving collision-induced, quadratic fragmentation terms for which the previous existence theory seems difficult to apply. On the other hand and most prominently, it proves mass conservation (and thus the absence of gelation) for almost all the coagulation coefficients for which mass conservation is known to hold true in the space homogeneous case. © 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Clarification on RIA Novosti Story

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-01-01

Full text: ''On 21 May, RIA Novosti news agency published a story headlined IAEA Says Impossible for Ukraine to Switch to US Nuclear Fuel, based on apparent remarks by an Agency official during a News Conference in Moscow. There was some confusion about the official's remarks, which were made in Russian. The resulting RIA Novosti story does not accurately reflect his words, nor the position of the IAEA, which is as follows: The choice of supplier for nuclear fuel is the prerogative of the nuclear operator. Such an approach is not unique to Ukraine. Any change in the supply of fuel to a nuclear power plant requires careful safety assessment and testing. Any such modifications should be approved by the national regulatory body in accordance with national laws, applicable safety regulations and industry best practices.''. (author)

Reanastomose Tubária Laparoscópica: Resultados Preliminares

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Ribeiro Sérgio Conti

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: avaliar as taxas de gravidez após realização de reversão laparoscópica de obstrução tubária por laqueadura prévia. Métodos: entre dezembro de 1998 e dezembro de 2001, realizamos estudo prospectivo no qual foram incluídas 26 pacientes previamente submetidas a esterilização tubária. As pacientes tinham idades entre 28 e 37 anos e a reanastomose foi efetuada por via laparoscópica. O período de seguimento variou entre 150 e 425 dias e as taxas de permeabilidade tubária (estudada por meio da histerossalpingografia e as taxas de gestação foram avaliadas. Resultados: a reversão laparoscópica pôde ser realizada em 23 pacientes, sendo bilateral em 21. Duas pacientes apresentavam uma tuba extremamente danificada e três haviam sido submetidas a fimbriectomia bilateral. O tempo cirúrgico variou de 95 a 155 minutos e a alta hospitalar ocorreu na manhã seguinte em todos os casos. Constatou-se permeabilidade tubária em 15 pacientes (15/23 e a taxa de gestação foi 56,5% (13/23, sem gestações ectópicas. O intervalo entre a interrupção do uso do condom e a gravidez foi de até quatro meses em nove pacientes e de até 10 meses em quatro pacientes. Conclusão: em casos selecionados, a reversão tubária videolaparoscópica pode ser oferecida à pacientes laqueadas que desejam novas gestações. A seleção adequada das pacientes, assim como técnica cirúrgica meticulosa, são os fatores-chave para atingir taxas de gestação satisfatórias.

Análise da medida de fluxo por tempo de trânsito da artéria torácica interna direita anastomosada para a artéria interventricular anterior comparada com a artéria torácica interna esquerda

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Milani

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Avaliamos por meio da medida de fluxo por tempo de trânsito o desempenho das artérias torácicas direita e esquerda quando utilizadas como enxerto para revascularização da artéria interventricular anterior. Métodos: Cinquenta pacientes submetidos à operação para revascularização do miocárdio sem circulação extracorpórea foram divididos em dois grupos. No grupo A, os pacientes receberam enxerto de artéria torácica interna direita para o ramo interventricular anterior. No grupo B, os pacientes receberam enxerto de artéria torácica interna esquerda para o mesmo ramo. Ao término da operação, o fluxo foi avaliado por meio da medida de fluxo por tempo de trânsito. Resultados: No grupo A, idade média foi de 60,6±9,49 anos. A média de peso e altura do grupo foi de 80,4±10,32 Kg e 169,2±6,86 cm. A média de pontes por paciente neste grupo foi de 3,28±1,49. O fluxo médio e a resistência distal obtidos na artéria torácica interna direita foi de 42,1±23,4 ml/min e 2,8±0,9 respectivamente. No grupo B, a idade média foi de 59,8±9,7 anos. A média de peso e altura deste grupo foi de 77,7±14,2215,7 Kg e 166,0±8,2 cm. A média de pontes por paciente neste grupo foi de 3,08±0,82. O fluxo médio e a resistência distal observados neste grupo foi de 34,2±19,1ml⁄min e 2,0±0,7. Não houve óbitos nesta série. Conclusão: A artéria torácica interna direita apresentou um comportamento similar ao da artéria torácica interna esquerda quando anastomosada ao ramo interventricular anterior da coronária esquerda. Não houve diferença estatística entre a medida de fluxo obtida entre ambas as artérias.

Kant sobre o progresso na história

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Joel Thiago Klein

2013-07-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2013v12n1p67 O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o significado da tese central da filosofia kantiana da história: que a humanidade se encontra em um constante progresso para o melhor. Contudo, apesar de parecer a primeira vista simples, a discussão do próprio significado dessa  tese está longe de alcançar um consenso na literatura. A originalidade deste trabalho é apresentar pela primeira vez um mapeamento geral, sistemático e exaustivo das diferentes interpretações e críticas que essa tese recebeu ao longo da história. Nesse sentido, qualquer resposta que pretenda ser minimamente satisfatória precisa levar em consideração todos os argumentos e posições aqui apresentados.

Analysis of multi-fragmentation reactions induced by relativistic heavy ions using the statistical multi-fragmentation model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ogawa, T., E-mail: ogawa.tatsuhiko@jaea.go.jp [Research Group for Radiation Protection, Division of Environment and Radiation Sciences, Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Sato, T.; Hashimoto, S. [Research Group for Radiation Protection, Division of Environment and Radiation Sciences, Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Niita, K. [Research Organization for Information Science and Technology, Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1188 (Japan)

2013-09-21

The fragmentation cross-sections of relativistic energy nucleus–nucleus collisions were analyzed using the statistical multi-fragmentation model (SMM) incorporated with the Monte-Carlo radiation transport simulation code particle and heavy ion transport code system (PHITS). Comparison with the literature data showed that PHITS-SMM reproduces fragmentation cross-sections of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies better than the original PHITS by up to two orders of magnitude. It was also found that SMM does not degrade the neutron production cross-sections in heavy ion collisions or the fragmentation cross-sections of light nuclei, for which SMM has not been benchmarked. Therefore, SMM is a robust model that can supplement conventional nucleus–nucleus reaction models, enabling more accurate prediction of fragmentation cross-sections.

Analysis of multi-fragmentation reactions induced by relativistic heavy ions using the statistical multi-fragmentation model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ogawa, T.; Sato, T.; Hashimoto, S.; Niita, K.

2013-01-01

The fragmentation cross-sections of relativistic energy nucleus–nucleus collisions were analyzed using the statistical multi-fragmentation model (SMM) incorporated with the Monte-Carlo radiation transport simulation code particle and heavy ion transport code system (PHITS). Comparison with the literature data showed that PHITS-SMM reproduces fragmentation cross-sections of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies better than the original PHITS by up to two orders of magnitude. It was also found that SMM does not degrade the neutron production cross-sections in heavy ion collisions or the fragmentation cross-sections of light nuclei, for which SMM has not been benchmarked. Therefore, SMM is a robust model that can supplement conventional nucleus–nucleus reaction models, enabling more accurate prediction of fragmentation cross-sections

Fracture morphology of AO/OTA 31-A trochanteric fractures: A 3D CT study with an emphasis on coronal fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Cho, Jae-Woo; Kent, William T; Yoon, Yong-Cheol; Kim, Youngwoo; Kim, Hyungon; Jha, Ashutosh; Durai, Senthil Kumar; Oh, Jong-Keon

2017-02-01

This study was designed to assess the incidence and morphology of coronal plane fragments in AO/OTA 31-A trochanteric fractures. 156 cases of AO/OTA 31-A trochanteric fractures were retrospectively evaluated. Lateral radiographs were analyzed for the presence of coronal plane fragments followed by analysis of 3D CT reconstructions in these fractures. The incidence of coronal fragments identified on the lateral radiograph and 3D CT reconstructions were both calculated. Coronal fragment morphology was described based upon the origin and exit points of fracture lines and the number of fragments. On plain radiographs, a coronal plane fracture was identified in 59 cases, an incidence of 37.8% (59/156). In comparison, 3D CT reconstructions identified coronal plane fractures in 138 cases for an incidence of 88.4% (138/156). 3D CT reconstructions identified coronal fracture fragments in 81.9% (50/61) of AO/OTA 31-A1 cases, 94.5% (69/73) of 31-A2 cases, and 86.3% (19/22) of 31-A3 cases. Incidence of coronal fractures identified on plain radiographs of 3 AO/OTA 31-A1,A2,A3 groups was lower when compared to the incidence of coronal fractures identified on 3D CT. Of the 138 cases that had coronal plane fracture, 82 cases (59.4%) had a single coronal fragment (GT fragment 35 cases, GLT fragment 19 cases, GLPC fragment 28 cases). The remaining 56 cases (40.5%) had two coronal fragments. There is a high incidence of coronal fragments in intertrochanteric femur fractures when analyzed with 3D CT reconstructions. Our study suggests that these coronal fragments are difficult to identify on plain radiographs. Knowledge of the incidence and morphology of coronal fragments helps to avoid potential intraoperative pitfalls. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Environmental Impacts by Fragments Released from Nanoenabled Products: A Multiassay, Multimaterial Exploration by the SUN Approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Amorim, Mónica J B; Lin, Sijie; Schlich, Karsten; Navas, José M; Brunelli, Andrea; Neubauer, Nicole; Vilsmeier, Klaus; Costa, Anna L; Gondikas, Andreas; Xia, Tian; Galbis, Liliana; Badetti, Elena; Marcomini, Antonio; Hristozov, Danail; Kammer, Frank von der; Hund-Rinke, Kerstin; Scott-Fordsmand, Janeck J; Nel, André; Wohlleben, Wendel

2018-02-06

Nanoenabled products (NEPs) have numerous outdoor uses in construction, transportation or consumer scenarios, and there is evidence that their fragments are released in the environment at low rates. We hypothesized that the lower surface availability of NEPs fragment reduced their environmental effects with respect to pristine nanomaterials. This hypothesis was explored by testing fragments generated by intentional micronisation ("the SUN approach"; Nowack et al. Meeting the Needs for Released Nanomaterials Required for Further Testing: The SUN Approach. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016 (50), 2747). The NEPs were composed of four matrices (epoxy, polyolefin, polyoxymethylene, and cement) with up to 5% content of three nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, iron oxide, and organic pigment). Regardless of the type of nanomaterial or matrix used, it was observed that nanomaterials were only partially exposed at the NEP fragment surface, indicating that mostly the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the matrix drove the NEP fragment toxicity. Ecotoxicity in multiple assays was done covering relevant media from terrestrial to aquatic, including sewage treatment plant (biological activity), soil worms (Enchytraeus crypticus), and fish (zebrafish embryo and larvae and trout cell lines). We designed the studies to explore the possible modulation of ecotoxicity by nanomaterial additives in plastics/polymer/cement, finding none. The results support NEPs grouping by the matrix material regarding ecotoxicological effect during the use phase. Furthermore, control results on nanomaterial-free polymer fragments representing microplastic had no significant adverse effects up to the highest concentration tested.

Fragment-based quantitative structure-activity relationship (FB-QSAR) for fragment-based drug design.

Science.gov (United States)

Du, Qi-Shi; Huang, Ri-Bo; Wei, Yu-Tuo; Pang, Zong-Wen; Du, Li-Qin; Chou, Kuo-Chen

2009-01-30

In cooperation with the fragment-based design a new drug design method, the so-called "fragment-based quantitative structure-activity relationship" (FB-QSAR) is proposed. The essence of the new method is that the molecular framework in a family of drug candidates are divided into several fragments according to their substitutes being investigated. The bioactivities of molecules are correlated with the physicochemical properties of the molecular fragments through two sets of coefficients in the linear free energy equations. One coefficient set is for the physicochemical properties and the other for the weight factors of the molecular fragments. Meanwhile, an iterative double least square (IDLS) technique is developed to solve the two sets of coefficients in a training data set alternately and iteratively. The IDLS technique is a feedback procedure with machine learning ability. The standard Two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (2D-QSAR) is a special case, in the FB-QSAR, when the whole molecule is treated as one entity. The FB-QSAR approach can remarkably enhance the predictive power and provide more structural insights into rational drug design. As an example, the FB-QSAR is applied to build a predictive model of neuraminidase inhibitors for drug development against H5N1 influenza virus. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Twentieth century overview of heavy metals in the Galician Rias (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prego, R.; Cobelo-Garcia, A

2003-03-01

All information published on metals in this region up to the year 2000 is reviewed from a biogeochemical viewpoint. - The 18 Galician Rias, comprising 25% of the Iberian Peninsula coastline, form a unique system within the European continental Atlantic coast and provide a useful reference area for studies of metals. These rias are sensitive to anthropogenic influence due to the socioeconomic importance generated in these areas by industry, aquaculture, port activities, fishing, tourism and, accordingly, several islands lying within close proximity to the rias have recently been declared natural parks. Aquaculture in the Galician Rias is a growth industry and in 2000 the rias supported 3386 mussel rafts producing 2.5x10{sup 8} kg year{sup -1}, i.e. 40% of European Union total seafood production. The Galician Rias are partially stratified estuaries with positive residual circulation with fresh (runoff lower than 100 m{sup 3} s{sup -1}) and salt water mixing inside the basins. This behaviour has direct consequences on metal fluxes whereby the rias behave as a barrier and accumulate metals in the sediments. Metals tend to deposit close to point sources and remobilization occurs inside the ria, leading to a seaward decrease in metal concentration. With the exception of the Ulla (Arosa Ria) and Eume (Ares-Betanzos Ria) head rivers and the Lagares river (Vigo Ria) the available data suggest that riverine freshwater inputs are not the main source of contamination. Metal studies reported in the literature mainly relate to Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, and to a lesser extent Hg and Sn. Studies of other harmful metals such as Ag, Se and As are notably lacking. In addition, the studies have been localized and mainly restricted to the surface sediment. Data of heavy metals in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter and biota is scarce in the mainstream literature and should be considered in the future research. From the entire Galician coast, data from seven

FRAGMENTATION OF MOLECULAR CLUMPS AND FORMATION OF A PROTOCLUSTER

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang, Qizhou; Lu, Xing; Wang, Ke; Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun

2015-01-01

Sufficiently massive clumps of molecular gas collapse under self-gravity and fragment to spawn a cluster of stars that have a range of masses. We investigate observationally the early stages of formation of a stellar cluster in a massive filamentary infrared dark cloud, G28.34+0.06 P1, in the 1.3 mm continuum and spectral line emission using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. Sensitive continuum data reveal further fragmentation in five dusty cores at a resolution of several 10 3 AU. Spectral line emission from C 18 O, CH 3 OH, 13 CS, H 2 CO, and N 2 D + is detected for the first time toward these dense cores. We found that three cores are chemically more evolved as compared with the other two; interestingly, though, all of them are associated with collimated outflows as suggested by evidence from the CO, SiO, CH 3 OH, H 2 CO, and SO emission. The parsec-scale kinematics in exhibit velocity gradients along the filament, consistent with accretion flows toward the clumps and cores. The moderate luminosity and the chemical signatures indicate that the five cores harbor low- to intermediate-mass protostars that likely become massive ones at the end of the accretion. Despite the fact that the mass limit reached by the dust continuum sensitivity is 30 times lower than the thermal Jeans mass, there is a lack of a distributed low-mass protostellar population in the clump. Our observations indicate that in a protocluster, low-mass stars form at a later stage after the birth of more massive protostars

O tempo e o mundo: defesa de uma história planetária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Velloso

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Resenha do livro: GRUZINSKI, Serge. As quatro partes do mundo: história de uma mundialização. Tradução de Cleonice Paes Barreto Mourão e Consuelo Fortes Santiago. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG; São Paulo: Edusp, 2014.

Reframing landscape fragmentation's effects on ecosystem services.

Science.gov (United States)

Mitchell, Matthew G E; Suarez-Castro, Andrés F; Martinez-Harms, Maria; Maron, Martine; McAlpine, Clive; Gaston, Kevin J; Johansen, Kasper; Rhodes, Jonathan R

2015-04-01

Landscape structure and fragmentation have important effects on ecosystem services, with a common assumption being that fragmentation reduces service provision. This is based on fragmentation's expected effects on ecosystem service supply, but ignores how fragmentation influences the flow of services to people. Here we develop a new conceptual framework that explicitly considers the links between landscape fragmentation, the supply of services, and the flow of services to people. We argue that fragmentation's effects on ecosystem service flow can be positive or negative, and use our framework to construct testable hypotheses about the effects of fragmentation on final ecosystem service provision. Empirical efforts to apply and test this framework are critical to improving landscape management for multiple ecosystem services. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fragment Size Distribution of Blasted Rock Mass

Science.gov (United States)

Jug, Jasmin; Strelec, Stjepan; Gazdek, Mario; Kavur, Boris

2017-12-01

Rock mass is a heterogeneous material, and the heterogeneity of rock causes sizes distribution of fragmented rocks in blasting. Prediction of blasted rock mass fragmentation has a significant role in the overall economics of opencast mines. Blasting as primary fragmentation can significantly decrease the cost of loading, transport, crushing and milling operations. Blast fragmentation chiefly depends on the specific blast design (geometry of blast holes drilling, the quantity and class of explosive, the blasting form, the timing and partition, etc.) and on the properties of the rock mass (including the uniaxial compressive strength, the rock mass elastic Young modulus, the rock discontinuity characteristics and the rock density). Prediction and processing of blasting results researchers can accomplish by a variety of existing software’s and models, one of them is the Kuz-Ram model, which is possibly the most widely used approach to estimating fragmentation from blasting. This paper shows the estimation of fragmentation using the "SB" program, which was created by the authors. Mentioned program includes the Kuz-Ram model. Models of fragmentation are confirmed and calibrated by comparing the estimated fragmentation with actual post-blast fragmentation from image processing techniques. In this study, the Kuz-Ram fragmentation model has been used for an open-pit limestone quarry in Dalmatia, southern Croatia. The resulting calibrated value of the rock factor enables the quality prognosis of fragmentation in further blasting works, with changed drilling geometry and blast design parameters. It also facilitates simulation in the program to optimize blasting works and get the desired fragmentations of the blasted rock mass.

BETULINIC ACID WAS MORE CYTOTOXIC TOWARDS THE HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINE MDA-MB-231 THAN THE HUMAN PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA CELL LINE HL-60

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LATIFAH SAIFUL YAZAN

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Betulinic acid (BA is a pentacyclic triterpene found in several botanical sources that has been shown to cause apoptosis in a number of cell lines. This study was undertaken to determine the in vitro cytotoxic properties of BA towards the human mammary carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 and the human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line HL-60 and the mode of the induced cell death. The cytotoxicity and mode of cell death of BA were determined using the MTT assay and DNAfragmentation analysis, respectively. In our study, the compound was found to be cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 and HL-60 cells with IC50 values of 58 μg/mL and 134 μg/mL, respectively. Cells treated with high concentrations of BA exhibited features characteristic of apoptosis such as blebbing, shrinking and a number of small cytoplasm body masses when viewed under an inverted light microscope after 24 h. The incidence of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 was further confirmed bythe DNA fragmentation analysis, with the formation of DNA fragments of oligonucleosomal size (180-200 base pairs, giving a ladder-like pattern on agarose gel electrophoresis. BA was more cytotoxic towards MDA-MB-231 than HL-60 cells, and induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Medium-scale melt-sodium fragmentation experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chu, T.Y.; Beattie, A.G.; Drotning, W.D.; Powers, D.A.

1979-01-01

The results of a series of fragmentation experiments involving up to 20 Kg of thermitically produced high temperature melts and 23 Kg of sodium are presented. Except for one experiment where some centimeter size particles are observed, the fragment distributions seem to be in the range of previous data. Spatial distribution of the fragments in the debris bed appears to be stratified. Scanning electron micrographs of fragments indicate fragmentation to be occurring in the molten state for the more intense interactions observed. Interaction data obtained show quiescent periods of 0.5 to 1.5 second between pressure pulses. The force impulse values per unit mass of melt seems to be in the same range as previous experiments

Violència i memòria en Milan Kundera

OpenAIRE

Tafalla, Marta

2007-01-01

Partint de la filosofia de la memòria de TW Adorno, aquest article defensa la tesi deque la literatura té una major capacitat que la història o la filosofia per explicar Enquin consisteixen els règims totalitaris i per salvaguardar la memòria de les seves víctimes. Amb aquest propòsit, pren com a exemple la literatura de l'escriptor txec Milan Kundera yanaliza algunes de les seves obres, especialment El llibre del riure i l'oblit, La insoportablelevedad l'ésser i el seu assaig L'art de...

Present state and perspectives of RIA in obstetrics and gynecology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Talas, M; Fingerova, H [Palackeho Univ., Olomouc (Czechoslovakia). Lekarska Fakulta

1979-01-01

A survey is presented of RIA methods introduced by the authors in their laboratory in the course of the last eight years. The results obtained by these methods in various physiological and pathological states are evaluated. The authors point to the possibilities of effective use of RIA for diagnostic purposes in obstetrics and gynecology taking into account also economic and organizational aspects. The most important trends of the use of RIA are accentuated not only in gynecological endocrinology and obstetrics but also in some other related fields, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant diseases.

Psicologia Comunitária e Educação Libertadora

OpenAIRE

de Oliveira, Fábio Porto; Morais Ximenes, Verônica; Lopes Coelho, João Paulo; Saraiva da Silva, Karla

2009-01-01

Este artigo tematiza articulações teórico-metodológicas entre a Psicologia Comunitária e a Educação Libertadora, discutindo também suas propostas socioideológicas e ético-políticas. Consiste em um desdobramento de uma pesquisa realizada pelo Núcleo de Psicologia Comunitária (Nucom) da Universidade Federal do Ceará, cuja finalidade era contribuir com o desenvolvimento epistemológico do marco teórico-metodológico da Psicologia Comunitária. Para tanto, procedemos a uma revisão teórica, explorand...

Present state and perspectives of RIA in obstetrics and gynecology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Talas, M.; Fingerova, H.

1979-01-01

A survey is presented of RIA methods introduced by the authors in their laboratory in the course of the last eight years. The results obtained by these methods in various physiological and pathological states are evaluated. The authors point to the possibilities of effective use of RIA for diagnostic purposes in obstetrics and gynecology taking into account also economic and organizational aspects. The most important trends of the use of RIA are accentuated not only in gynecological endocrinology and obstetrics but also in some other related fields, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant diseases. (author)

Doença inflamatória intestinal canina: gastrite, gastroenterite e enterocolite linfoplasmocitária: descrição de casos clínicos

OpenAIRE

Sousa, Joana Rita Gomes de

2016-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, Ciências Veterinárias A doença inflamatória intestinal (IBD) corresponde a um grupo de enteropatias crónicas que se relaciona com a presença de alterações histológicas indicativas de inflamação gastrointestinal. O seu diagnóstico é efetuado através da avaliação da sintomatologia clínica, da execução de exames complementares e da implementação de protocolos terapêuticos capazes de descartar potenciais causas de inflamação gastrointe...

Components del procés interactiu que afavoreixen la formació de l'alumnat a l'educació secundària obligatòria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Núria Giné

2010-03-01

Full Text Available L’educació secundària obligatòria sembla que estigui permanentment en crisi: situacions conflictives entre els diferents agents, fracàs escolar, bullying o reiterades modificacions curriculars són alguns dels múltiples exemples que envaeixen els medis educatius i el debat social i accentuen les crítiques i les experiències negatives que es donen en aquesta etapa educativa. Certament, la secundària obligatòria té com a repte fonamental la comprensivitat, que comporta l’atenció a la diversitat de tots els adolescents en una etapa vital complicada; aquest repte educatiu i social, sens dubte, ha de tenir ombres, però també té llums en forma d’experiències reeixides que convergeixen en un millor i major aprenentatge de l’alumnat. La recerca que es presenta en aquest article es proposa fer emergir i difondre les característiques que reuneixen les pràctiques exitoses que es donen a les aules de la secundària obligatòria. La metodologia usada per assolir aquesta finalitat essencial ha estat el recull i l’anàlisi de relats de persones de diferents trams d’edat sobre les seves millors experiències en la secundària obligatòria com a alumnes.Els diversos objectius que es pretenen amb el recull i l'estructuració d’aquestes veus es poden sintetitzar en dos: identificar les característiques essencials o components de les «bones pràctiques» i contribuir a la reflexió i el debat en la formació inicial i permanent del professorat. A partir de les aportacions recollides es pot concloure que: - A l’ESO, en el nostre context, es registren nombroses experiències reeixides per a l’aprenent. Les experiències tenen incomptables formes de concretar-se en la pràctica (en forma de projectes, plans estratègics, programes concrets de determinades matèries, etc.. - Malgrat la diversitat de pràctiques concretes, hi ha un nombre reduït de components que determinen i caracteritzen aquestes pràctiques reeixides. El nostre

Experiment data report for Test RIA 1-2 (Reactivity Initiated Accident Test Series)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zimmermann, C.L.; White, C.E.; Evans, R.P.

1979-06-01

Recorded test data are presented for the second of six planned tests in the Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA) Test Series I, Test RIA 1-2. This test, conducted at the Power Burst Facility, had the following objectives: (1) characterize the response of preirradiated fuel rods during an RIA event conducted at boiling water reactor hot-startup conditions; and (2) evaluate the effect of rod internal pressure on preirradiated fuel rod response during an RIA event. The data from Test RIA 1-2 are graphed in engineering units and have been appraised for quality and validity. These uninterpreted data are presented for use in the nuclear fuel behavior research field before detailed analysis and interpretation have been completed

Development of Fragmented Low-Z Ion Beams for the NA61 Experiment at the CERN SPS

CERN Document Server

Efthymiopoulos, I; Bohl, T; Breuker, H; Calviani, M; Manglunki, D; Mataguez, S; Maury, S; Valderanis, C; Cornelis, K; Spanggaard, J; Cettour-Cave, S; Gazdzicki, M; Seyboth, P; Guber, F; Ivashkin, A

2011-01-01

The NA61 experiment, aims to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement at low SPS energies and to find signatures of the critical point of strongly interacting matter. A broad range in T-μB phase diagram will be covered by performing an energy (13A-158AGeV/c) and system size (p+p, Be+Be, Ar+Ca, Xe+La) scan. In a first phase, fragmented ion beams of 7Be or 11C produced as secondaries with the same momentum per nucleon when the incident primary Pb-ion beam hits a thin Be target will be used. The H2 beam line that transports the beam to the experiment acts as a double spectrometer which combined with a new thin target (degrader) where fragments loose energy proportional to the square of their charge allows the separation of the wanted A/Z fragments. Thin scintillators and TOF measurement for the low energy points are used as particle identification devices. In this paper results from the first test of the fragmented ion beam done in 2010 will be presented showing that a pure Be beam can be obtained sa...

Development of risk-informed assessment (RIA) design methodology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ji, S. K.; Park, S. J.; Park, B. R.; Kim, M. R.; Choi, C. J.

2001-01-01

It has been assessed that the capital cost for future nuclear power plants needs to be reduced on the order of 35% to 40% for Advanced Light Water Reactors such as KNGR and System 80+. Such reduction in the capital cost will require a fundamental re-evaluation of the industry standards and regulatory basis under which nuclear plants are designed and licensed. The objective of this study is to develop the risk-informed assessment (RIA) design methodology for future nuclear power plants. In order to meet this objective, the design simplification method is developed and RIA design methodology exercised for conceptual system. For the methodology verification, simplified conceptual ECCS and feedwater system are developed, then LOCA sensitivity analyses and agressive secondary cooldown analyses for these systems are performed. In addition, the probability safety assessment (PSA) model for LOCA is developed and the validation of RIA design methodology is demonstrated

A simple strategy for subcloning and amplifying random multimegabase subchromosomal acentric DNA fragments as double minute chromosomes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hahn, P.J.; Giddings, L.; Lane, M.J.

1989-01-01

Restriction mapping of relatively large genomes (e.g. human) utilizing randomly generated DNA segments requires high mapping redundancy to successfully organize 'contigs' to represent the entire genome. The number of independent DNA segment maps required is dependent on the average size of a mapping segment; the larger the segment, the fewer required. The authors have developed a strategy for subcloning intact multimegabase subchromosomal fragments as double minute chromosomes. Such fragments could serve as primary mapping elements or as adjunct (linking) fragments to rapidly connect already existent contigs generated using yeast artificial chromosomes or cosmids. They present several lines of evidence supporting the viability of this approach. (1) X-ray treated EMT-6 mouse cells (7.5 Gr.) which are selected over several months with increasing levels of methotrexate (MTX) contain highly amplified circular DNA molecules (double minutes) which include the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene in a size range between 1,000 and 3,500 kilobases as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and these acentric chromosomal fragments have been stably maintained in culture for at least a year. (2) Preliminary data based on experiments involving fusion of X-irradiated Chinese Hamster Ovary (CH0 DG44) cells containing randomly inserted cotransfected Neomycin resistance and DHFR genes to mouse EMT-6 cells shows that the linked genes can be readily cotransferred as acentric subchromosomal fragment(s) suitable for gene amplification. (3) The studies of CHO cells with cell fusion transferred X-ray induced chromosomal fragments containing the natural CHO DHFR gene suggest that transferred chromosome fragments undergo gene amplification much more readily than nonfragmented endogenous DHFR genes

Dual Fragment Impact of PBX Charges

Science.gov (United States)

Haskins, Peter; Briggs, Richard; Leeming, David; White, Nathan; Cheese, Philip; DE&S MoD UK Team; Ordnance Test Solutions Ltd Team

2017-06-01

Fragment impact can pose a significant hazard to many systems containing explosives or propellants. Testing for this threat is most commonly carried out using a single fragment. However, it can be argued that an initial fragment strike (or strikes) could sensitise the energetic material to subsequent impacts, which may then lead to a more violent reaction than would have been predicted based upon single fragment studies. To explore this potential hazard we have developed the capability to launch 2 fragments from the same gun at a range of velocities, and achieve impacts on an acceptor charge with good control over the spatial and temporal separation of the strikes. In this paper we will describe in detail the experimental techniques we have used, both to achieve the dual fragment launch and observe the acceptor charge response. In addition, we will describe the results obtained against PBX filled explosive targets; discuss the mechanisms controlling the target response and their significance for vulnerability assessment. Results of these tests have clearly indicated the potential for detonation upon the second strike, at velocities well below those needed for shock initiation by a single fragment.

Spin polarization of 34Al fragments produced by nucleon pickup at intermediate energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Turzo, K.; Himpe, P.; Borremans, D.; Mallion, S.; Neyens, G.; Vermeulen, N.; Yordanov, D.; Balabanski, D.L.; Belier, G.; Daugas, J.M.; Georgiev, G.; Oliveira de Santos, F.; Matea, I.; Stodel, Ch.; Penionzhkevich, Yu. E.

2006-01-01

The polarization of 34 Al fragments, produced by single neutron pickup from a 9 Be target by a 36 S projectile at 77.5 MeV/nucleon, have been observed at GANIL via the detection of resonantly destroyed β-asymmetry. The reaction-induced polarization is deduced using a tentative spin/parity assignment for the 34 Al ground state. A positive polarization was measured near the peak of the 34 Al yield curve. A kinematical model based on the spectator-participant model for projectile fragmentation reactions has been extended in order to take into account the features of pickup reactions, i.e., the picked-up nucleon having an average momentum equal to the Fermi momentum and aligned along the incident beam direction. The trend-line in the observed spin-orientation is very well reproduced by this model

Economia solidária versus economia capitalista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paul Singer

2001-12-01

Full Text Available A economia solidária para ser competitiva no mercado capitalista não pode se furtar à concentração que incorpora progresso técnico. Experiências vêm demonstrando que cada associação ou cooperativa tem de atingir um tamanho em que ela possa resgatar seus membros da pobreza e acumular sobras que multipliquem fontes de trabalho e renda solidários. Para a economia solidária a conglomeração deve ser fácil porque a solidariedade torna natural a associação entre cooperativas.

Regulation of presynaptic Ca2+, synaptic plasticity and contextual fear conditioning by a N-terminal β-amyloid fragment.

Science.gov (United States)

Lawrence, James L M; Tong, Mei; Alfulaij, Naghum; Sherrin, Tessi; Contarino, Mark; White, Michael M; Bellinger, Frederick P; Todorovic, Cedomir; Nichols, Robert A

2014-10-22

Soluble β-amyloid has been shown to regulate presynaptic Ca(2+) and synaptic plasticity. In particular, picomolar β-amyloid was found to have an agonist-like action on presynaptic nicotinic receptors and to augment long-term potentiation (LTP) in a manner dependent upon nicotinic receptors. Here, we report that a functional N-terminal domain exists within β-amyloid for its agonist-like activity. This sequence corresponds to a N-terminal fragment generated by the combined action of α- and β-secretases, and resident carboxypeptidase. The N-terminal β-amyloid fragment is present in the brains and CSF of healthy adults as well as in Alzheimer's patients. Unlike full-length β-amyloid, the N-terminal β-amyloid fragment is monomeric and nontoxic. In Ca(2+) imaging studies using a model reconstituted rodent neuroblastoma cell line and isolated mouse nerve terminals, the N-terminal β-amyloid fragment proved to be highly potent and more effective than full-length β-amyloid in its agonist-like action on nicotinic receptors. In addition, the N-terminal β-amyloid fragment augmented theta burst-induced post-tetanic potentiation and LTP in mouse hippocampal slices. The N-terminal fragment also rescued LTP inhibited by elevated levels of full-length β-amyloid. Contextual fear conditioning was also strongly augmented following bilateral injection of N-terminal β-amyloid fragment into the dorsal hippocampi of intact mice. The fragment-induced augmentation of fear conditioning was attenuated by coadministration of nicotinic antagonist. The activity of the N-terminal β-amyloid fragment appears to reside largely in a sequence surrounding a putative metal binding site, YEVHHQ. These findings suggest that the N-terminal β-amyloid fragment may serve as a potent and effective endogenous neuromodulator. Copyright © 2014 the authors 0270-6474/14/3414210-09$15.00/0.

Anestesia para correção cirúrgica de fístula de artéria coronária sem circulação extracorpórea: relato de caso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raquel Reis Soares

2011-12-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Descrita em 1865 por Krause ¹, a fístula de artéria coronária comunicando-se com cavidades cardíacas, artéria pulmonar ou seio coronário é muito rara. Representa 0,2% a 0,4 % das cardiopatias congênitas e 0,1% a 0,2% da população adulta submetida a angiografias coronarianas ². O objetivo deste relato é apresentar anestesia para cirurgia de fechamento de fístula coronária em procedimento eletivo, considerando suas particularidades. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente do sexo masculino com 59 anos, cuja fístula coronária foi diagnosticada durante investigação clínica de dor torácica progressiva e dispneia de longa data. O paciente foi submetido a uma correção cirúrgica de fístula de artéria coronária sob anestesia geral sem a utilização de circulação extracorpórea (CEC.O paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências, tendo alta hospitalar com melhora clínica em sete dias de pós-operatório. CONCLUSÕES: A fístula coronária é afecção rara, mas o anestesiologista pode deparar com esse tipo de paciente em situações distintas. É importante compreender sua fisiopatologia para abordar adequadamente o paciente no perioperatório, favorecendo seu melhor prognóstico.

Formation and distribution of fragments in the spontaneous fission of 240Pu

Science.gov (United States)

Sadhukhan, Jhilam; Zhang, Chunli; Nazarewicz, Witold; Schunck, Nicolas

2017-12-01

Background: Fission is a fundamental decay mode of heavy atomic nuclei. The prevalent theoretical approach is based on mean-field theory and its extensions where fission is modeled as a large amplitude motion of a nucleus in a multidimensional collective space. One of the important observables characterizing fission is the charge and mass distribution of fission fragments. Purpose: The goal of this Rapid Communication is to better understand the structure of fission fragment distributions by investigating the competition between the static structure of the collective manifold and the stochastic dynamics. In particular, we study the characteristics of the tails of yield distributions, which correspond to very asymmetric fission into a very heavy and a very light fragment. Methods: We use the stochastic Langevin framework to simulate the nuclear evolution after the system tunnels through the multidimensional potential barrier. For a representative sample of different initial configurations along the outer turning-point line, we define effective fission paths by computing a large number of Langevin trajectories. We extract the relative contribution of each such path to the fragment distribution. We then use nucleon localization functions along effective fission pathways to analyze the characteristics of prefragments at prescission configurations. Results: We find that non-Newtonian Langevin trajectories, strongly impacted by the random force, produce the tails of the fission fragment distribution of 240Pu. The prefragments deduced from nucleon localizations are formed early and change little as the nucleus evolves towards scission. On the other hand, the system contains many nucleons that are not localized in the prefragments even near the scission point. Such nucleons are distributed rapidly at scission to form the final fragments. Fission prefragments extracted from direct integration of the density and from the localization functions typically differ by more than

Fragmentation of massive dense cores down to ≲ 1000 AU: Relation between fragmentation and density structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Palau, Aina; Girart, Josep M.; Estalella, Robert; Fuente, Asunción; Fontani, Francesco; Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro; Commerçon, Benoit; Hennebelle, Patrick; Busquet, Gemma; Bontemps, Sylvain; Zapata, Luis A.; Zhang, Qizhou; Di Francesco, James

2014-01-01

In order to shed light on the main physical processes controlling fragmentation of massive dense cores, we present a uniform study of the density structure of 19 massive dense cores, selected to be at similar evolutionary stages, for which their relative fragmentation level was assessed in a previous work. We inferred the density structure of the 19 cores through a simultaneous fit of the radial intensity profiles at 450 and 850 μm (or 1.2 mm in two cases) and the spectral energy distribution, assuming spherical symmetry and that the density and temperature of the cores decrease with radius following power-laws. Even though the estimated fragmentation level is strictly speaking a lower limit, its relative value is significant and several trends could be explored with our data. We find a weak (inverse) trend of fragmentation level and density power-law index, with steeper density profiles tending to show lower fragmentation, and vice versa. In addition, we find a trend of fragmentation increasing with density within a given radius, which arises from a combination of flat density profile and high central density and is consistent with Jeans fragmentation. We considered the effects of rotational-to-gravitational energy ratio, non-thermal velocity dispersion, and turbulence mode on the density structure of the cores, and found that compressive turbulence seems to yield higher central densities. Finally, a possible explanation for the origin of cores with concentrated density profiles, which are the cores showing no fragmentation, could be related with a strong magnetic field, consistent with the outcome of radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations.

Fragmentation of massive dense cores down to ≲ 1000 AU: Relation between fragmentation and density structure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palau, Aina; Girart, Josep M. [Institut de Ciències de l' Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB-Facultat de Ciències, Torre C5-parell 2, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya (Spain); Estalella, Robert [Departament d' Astronomia i Meteorologia (IEEC-UB), Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, E-08028 Barcelona (Spain); Fuente, Asunción [Observatorio Astronómico Nacional, P.O. Box 112, E-28803 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid (Spain); Fontani, Francesco; Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro [Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, INAF, Lago E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze (Italy); Commerçon, Benoit; Hennebelle, Patrick [Laboratoire de Radioastronomie, UMR CNRS 8112, École Normale Supérieure et Observatoire de Paris, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05 (France); Busquet, Gemma [INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Area di Recerca di Tor Vergata, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma (Italy); Bontemps, Sylvain [Université de Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac (France); Zapata, Luis A. [Centro de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 3-72, 58090 Morelia, Michoacán (Mexico); Zhang, Qizhou [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Di Francesco, James, E-mail: palau@ieec.uab.es [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 355, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6 (Canada)

2014-04-10

In order to shed light on the main physical processes controlling fragmentation of massive dense cores, we present a uniform study of the density structure of 19 massive dense cores, selected to be at similar evolutionary stages, for which their relative fragmentation level was assessed in a previous work. We inferred the density structure of the 19 cores through a simultaneous fit of the radial intensity profiles at 450 and 850 μm (or 1.2 mm in two cases) and the spectral energy distribution, assuming spherical symmetry and that the density and temperature of the cores decrease with radius following power-laws. Even though the estimated fragmentation level is strictly speaking a lower limit, its relative value is significant and several trends could be explored with our data. We find a weak (inverse) trend of fragmentation level and density power-law index, with steeper density profiles tending to show lower fragmentation, and vice versa. In addition, we find a trend of fragmentation increasing with density within a given radius, which arises from a combination of flat density profile and high central density and is consistent with Jeans fragmentation. We considered the effects of rotational-to-gravitational energy ratio, non-thermal velocity dispersion, and turbulence mode on the density structure of the cores, and found that compressive turbulence seems to yield higher central densities. Finally, a possible explanation for the origin of cores with concentrated density profiles, which are the cores showing no fragmentation, could be related with a strong magnetic field, consistent with the outcome of radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations.

First in-situ measurements of a highly fragmented comet: ACE SWICS and WIND STICS measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Lepri, S. T.; Gilbert, J. A.; Rubin, M.; Zurbuchen, T.; Combi, M. R.

2011-12-01

While many of the characteristics of comets and their local plasma environment are obtained using remote sensing via spectroscopic methods, space-based mass spectrometers allow a unique opportunity to directly sample cometary material in situ. To date there have been only a handful of in-situ spacecraft encounters with comets, such as 1P/Halley, 103P/Hartley, 81P/Wild and others. Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann started to disintegrate in 1995, two major components B and C were recovered in 2001, and it burst into more than 36 pieces during its passage near the Earth in 2006. Serendipitously, some very distant fragmentation members, well-separated from the major identified fragments, passed between the Earth and Sun. Cometary pickup ions and possibly recombined solar wind minor ions convected past the Earth in late May 2006 and were observed by both the ACE/SWICS and WIND/STICS mass spectrometers, which are located in halo orbits around the Earth-Sun L1 Lagrange point. Most of these observations took place a few days after the main comet fragments passed through the ecliptic, when their orbits crossed the spacecraft-Sun line, suggesting additional pieces lagging far behind the main fragments. In this paper, we present the first in-situ observation of these pieces that passed very close to the spacecraft (<0.07AU) and conduct a comparative analysis of composition and characteristics of pick-up ions originating from a number of the cometary fragments. We find that the pick-up ion trail related to the comet fragments is much longer than expected. We constrain the C+/O+ and He+/He++ ratio and discuss the implications for the production rates of different fragments.

Memória, Identidade e Patrimônio Quilombola

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Rodrigo da Costa Segovia

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo visa analisar a Comunidade Quilombola, sua memória e identidade, nesse contexto busca-se dialogar com a pesquisa que está sendo desenvolvida junto a Comunidade Quilombo Madeira, bem como com o projeto para conclusão do Mestrado em Memória Social e Patrimônio Cultural da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Sendo assim não foi possível deixar de fazer colocações relacionadas a Comunidades Quilombolas, em primeiro momento abordam-se questões relativas ao termo quilombola, logo a pós uma breve apresentação da comunidade onde a pesquisa está sendo efetuada e por final acerca-se com maior ênfase as discussões sobre Memória e Identidade.

Gallstone fragmentation by control electrohydraulic lithotripsy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tung, G.A.; Mueller, P.R.; Brink, J.A.; Saini, S.; Picus, D.; Simeone, J.F.; Ferrucci, J.T.

1989-01-01

The authors have performed in vitro contact electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) of 100 gallstones > 10 mm in diameter to identify physical and technical factors that affect fragmentation success. Ninety-one of 100 stones were fragmented with a 3-F electrode (average, seven shocks; range, 1--42); only 12 stones were fragmented with a single shock. Of the nine stones refractory to 50 shocks, four were > 30 mm in diameter and five stones were densely calcified. The most important variable determining power requirements for fragmentation was gallstone size (R = .58), but radiographic calcification of gallstones was also important (R = .47). Stones < 15 mm tended to produce fragments of left-angle 2 mm; stones right-angle 20 mm tended to produce two to five large discrete fragments (P , .05). In addition, lithotripsy could be conducted equally well in 1:1 dilute diatrizoate contrast agent as in 1:6 normal saline, suggesting that contact EHL could be performed under fluoroscopy

Fragmentation functions approach in pQCD fragmentation phenomena

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rolli, S.

1996-07-01

Next-to-leading order parton fragmentation functions into light mesons are presented. They have been extracted from real and simulated e + e - data and used to predict inclusive single particle distributions at different machines

Clustering high dimensional data using RIA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aziz, Nazrina [School of Quantitative Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok, Kedah (Malaysia)

2015-05-15

Clustering may simply represent a convenient method for organizing a large data set so that it can easily be understood and information can efficiently be retrieved. However, identifying cluster in high dimensionality data sets is a difficult task because of the curse of dimensionality. Another challenge in clustering is some traditional functions cannot capture the pattern dissimilarity among objects. In this article, we used an alternative dissimilarity measurement called Robust Influence Angle (RIA) in the partitioning method. RIA is developed using eigenstructure of the covariance matrix and robust principal component score. We notice that, it can obtain cluster easily and hence avoid the curse of dimensionality. It is also manage to cluster large data sets with mixed numeric and categorical value.

Fragmentation of neck-like structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montoya, C.; Bowman, D.R.; Peaslee, G.F.; Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI

1994-01-01

Evidence for intermediate mass fragment emission from neck-like structures joining projectile- and target-like residues has been observed for peripheral 129 Xe+ nat Cu collisions at E/A=50 MeV. These framents are emitted primarily at velocities intermediate between those of the projectile and the target. Relative to the charge distribution for fragments evaporated from the projectile-like residue, the distribution for ''neck'' emission shows an enhanced emission for fragments with 4 f < 8. (orig.)

Forest Fragments Surrounded by Sugar Cane Are More Inhospitable to Terrestrial Amphibian Abundance Than Fragments Surrounded by Pasture

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Paula Eveline Ribeiro D’Anunciação

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In recent years, there has been increasing interest in matrix-type influence on forest fragments. Terrestrial amphibians are good bioindicators for this kind of research because of low vagility and high philopatry. This study compared richness, abundance, and species composition of terrestrial amphibians through pitfall traps in two sets of semideciduous seasonal forest fragments in southeastern Brazil, according to the predominant surrounding matrix (sugar cane and pasture. There were no differences in richness, but fragments surrounded by sugar cane had the lowest abundance of amphibians, whereas fragments surrounded by pastures had greater abundance. The most abundant species, Rhinella ornata, showed no biometric differences between fragment groups but like many other amphibians sampled showed very low numbers of individuals in fragments dominated by sugar cane fields. Our data indicate that the sugar cane matrix negatively influences the community of amphibians present in fragments surrounded by this type of land use.

Neighborhood Economic Deprivation and Social Fragmentation: Associations With Children's Sleep.

Science.gov (United States)

Bagley, Erika J; Fuller-Rowell, Thomas E; Saini, Ekjyot K; Philbrook, Lauren E; El-Sheikh, Mona

2016-12-09

A growing body of work indicates that experiences of neighborhood disadvantage place children at risk for poor sleep. This study aimed to examine how both neighborhood economic deprivation (a measure of poverty) and social fragmentation (an index of instability) are associated with objective measures of the length and quality of children's sleep. Participants were 210 children (54.3% boys) living predominantly in small towns and semirural communities in Alabama. On average children were 11.3 years old (SD = .63); 66.7% of the children were European American and 33.3% were African American. The sample was socioeconomically diverse with 67.9% of the participants living at or below the poverty line and 32.1% from lower-middle-class or middle-class families. Indicators of neighborhood characteristics were derived from the 2012 American Community Survey and composited to create two variables representing neighborhood economic deprivation and social fragmentation. Child sleep period, actual sleep minutes, and efficiency were examined using actigraphy. Higher levels of neighborhood economic deprivation were associated with fewer sleep minutes and poorer sleep efficiency. More neighborhood social fragmentation was also linked with poorer sleep efficiency. Analyses controlled for demographic characteristics, child health, and family socioeconomic status. Findings indicate that living in economically and socially disadvantaged neighborhoods predicts risk for shorter and lower-quality sleep in children. Examination of community context in addition to family and individual characteristics may provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors shaping child sleep.

Evaluation of the Coat-A-Count 125I fentanyl RIA: Comparison of 125I RIA and GC/MS-SIM for quantification of fentanyl in case urine specimens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watts, V.W.; Caplan, Y.H.

1990-01-01

The Coat-A-Count solid phase 125 I Fentanyl Radioimmunoassay was evaluated with respect to linearity and precision using equine urine fortified with fentanyl and then compared with a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method for quantification of fentanyl in urine. The RIA assay was found to be linear over the urine fentanyl concentration range of 0.25 to 7.5 ng/mL and precise with coefficients of variation (CV) ranging from 9.6 to 19.3%. The RIA calibrators, ranging in fentanyl concentrations from 0.25 to 7.5 ng/mL, and controls, at mean fentanyl concentrations of 0.46 and 1.32 ng/mL, were compared by both the RIA and GC/MS methods. The cross-reactivity with the 125 I RIA test was determined for the fentanyl metabolites, norfentanyl and hydroxyfentanyl, and found to be 5% and 35%, respectively. The illicit fentanyl analogs were found to show significant cross-reactivity, ranging from 20 to 100%. The 125 I RIA was compared to GC/MS quantifications of fentanyl in 35 positive and 20 negative case urine specimens

Representações sociais sobre história por jovens e adultos

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Carina Cavaletti de Carvalho Pedroso

2014-08-01

Full Text Available A pesquisa teve por objetivos analisar as representações sociais sobre História por alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos e compreender como esses estudantes se percebem inseridos na História. Participaram da pesquisa sessenta e dois alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio, modalidade EJA, de escola pública do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados pela pesquisadora, por meio de questionário semiestruturado, e foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que os participantes representam história como disciplina escolar construída por grandes heróis, ignorando sua participação efetiva na mesma enquanto sujeitos históricos. Esses jovens e adultos apresentam uma concepção que se aproxima da perspectiva tradicional da História, isto é, de uma história essencialmente política e voltada para os grandes acontecimentos. Os resultados sugerem, ainda, que as representações sociais sobre História estariam relacionadas a uma permanência de práticas pouco problematizadoras, presentes na escola dos pesquisados.

Fragmentation of Ceramics in Rapid Expansion Mode

Science.gov (United States)

Maiti, Spandan; Geubelle, Philippe H.; Rangaswamy, Krishnan

The study of the fragmentation process goes back to more than a century, motivated primarily by problems related to mining and ore handling (Grady and Kipp, 1985). Various theories have been proposed to predict the fragmentation stress and the fragment size and distribution. But the investigations are generally case specific and relate to only a narrow set of fragmentation processes. A number of theoretical studies of dynamic fragmentation in a rapidly expanding body can be found in the literature. For example, the study summarized in (Grady, 1982) presents a model based on a simple energy balance concept between the surface energy released due to fracture and the kinetic energy of the fragments. Subsequent refinements of the energy balance model have been proposed by (Glenn and Chudnovsky, 1986), which take into account the strain energy of the fragments and specify a threshold stress below which no fragmentation occurs. These models assume that the fracture events are instantaneous and occur simultaneously. Evidently, these assumptions are quite restrictive and these models can not take into account the transient nature of the fragmentation process after the onset of fracture in the material. A more recent model proposed by (Miller et al., 1999) however takes into account this time-dependent nature of the fragmentation event and the distribution of flaws of various strengths in the original material.

Estrutura & História.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alicia Ferreira Gonçalves

2015-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo discorre sobre as ligações entre estrutura e história a partir das perspectivas estruturalista francesa e culturalista norte-americana, focalizando as interlocuções teóricas entre Claude Lévi-Strauss e Marshall Sahlins entre o final dos anos 1940 e ao longo dos anos 1990 do século XX.

Percolation versus microcanonical fragmentation - comparison of fragment size distribution: Where is the liquid-gas transition in nuclei?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaqaman, H.R.; Birzeit Univ.; Papp, G.; Eoetvoes Lorand Tudomanyegyetem, Budapest; Gross, D.H.E.; Freie Univ. Berlin

1990-01-01

The distributions of fragments produced by microcanonical multifragmentation of hot nuclei are compared with the cluster distributions predicted by a bond percolation model on a finite lattice. The conditional moments of these distributions are used together with the correlations between the largest three fragments in each event. Whereas percolation and statistical nuclear fragmentation agree in many details as in the usual plots of the averaged moments of the fragment distributions which yield the critical exponents, they turn out to be essentially different when less averaged quantities or correlations are considered. The differences between the predictions of the two models are mainly due to the particularities of the nuclear problem, especially the effect of the long-range Coulomb force which favours the break-up of the highly excited nucleus into two large fragments (pseudo-fission) and, to a somewhat lesser extent, enhances the possibility for the cracking of the nucleus into more than two large fragments. The fission events are, however, clearly separated from a second branch of critical correlations which shows up clearly in both nuclear fragmentation and percolation. We think that this critical correlation branch is due to the liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclei. (orig.)

Reencontros com a religiosidade brasileira: sujeitos, memórias e narrativas

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Cairo Mohamad Ibrahim Katrib

2013-01-01

Full Text Available O presente texto foi construído com base nas discussões propiciadas por meio do 4º Encontro do GT História das Religiões e das Religiosidades: memórias e narrativas, na cidade de São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do sul, na mesa de discussão - memórias e narrativas: Religiosidades populares e objetivou refletir sobre a recriação dos sentidos e significados das práticas da religiosidade popular, em especial apresentando como essas manifestações se concretizam nas comunidades e grupos sociais no interior do Brasil, mais especificamente, no sudeste de Goiás e em alguns municípios de Minas Gerais movimentando histórias de vida e reelaborando a identidade cultural desses atores sociais.

The formation of planets by disc fragmentation

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Stamatellos Dimitris

2013-04-01

Full Text Available I discuss the role that disc fragmentation plays in the formation of gas giant and terrestrial planets, and how this relates to the formation of brown dwarfs and low-mass stars, and ultimately to the process of star formation. Protostellar discs may fragment, if they are massive enough and can cool fast enough, but most of the objects that form by fragmentation are brown dwarfs. It may be possible that planets also form, if the mass growth of a proto-fragment is stopped (e.g. if this fragment is ejected from the disc, or suppressed and even reversed (e.g by tidal stripping. I will discuss if it is possible to distinguish whether a planet has formed by disc fragmentation or core accretion, and mention of a few examples of observed exoplanets that are suggestive of formation by disc fragmentation.

Extraction of 16th Century Calender Fragments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holck, Jakob Povl; Etheridge, Christian

at the Cultural Heritage & Archaeometric Research Team, SDU. Upon finding medieval manuscript fragments in the university library’s special collections, scholars at the Centre for Medieval Literature are consulted. In most cases, digital pictures of the finds will circulate in the international community...... fragments may require extensive use of Big Data and other forms of analysis in order to be identified. Usually, the university library prefers not to remove the fragments from their “fragment carriers”. In order to read fragments that are only partially visible or invisible, x-ray technology may be deployed...... of medieval scholars. Thousands of 16th and 17th Century books are stored in the University Library of Southern Denmark. One out of five of these books is expected to contain medieval manuscript fragments or fragments of rare prints, e.g. incunabula....

Construction of a 3D-shaped, natural product like fragment library by fragmentation and diversification of natural products.

Science.gov (United States)

Prescher, Horst; Koch, Guido; Schuhmann, Tim; Ertl, Peter; Bussenault, Alex; Glick, Meir; Dix, Ina; Petersen, Frank; Lizos, Dimitrios E

2017-02-01

A fragment library consisting of 3D-shaped, natural product-like fragments was assembled. Library construction was mainly performed by natural product degradation and natural product diversification reactions and was complemented by the identification of 3D-shaped, natural product like fragments available from commercial sources. In addition, during the course of these studies, novel rearrangements were discovered for Massarigenin C and Cytochalasin E. The obtained fragment library has an excellent 3D-shape and natural product likeness, covering a novel, unexplored and underrepresented chemical space in fragment based drug discovery (FBDD). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Análise comparativa de fragmentos identificáveis de forrageiras, pela técnica micro-histológica Comparative analysis of identifiable fragments of forages, by the microhistological technique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maristela de Oliveira Bauer

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, verificar, pela técnica micro-histológica, diferenças entre espécies forrageiras quanto ao percentual de fragmentos identificáveis, em função do processo digestivo e da época do ano. Lâminas foliares frescas recém-expandidas, correspondentes à última e à penúltima posição no perfilho, das espécies Melinis minutiflora Pal. de Beauv (capim-gordura, Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees Stapf. (capim-jaraguá, Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. (capim-braquiária, Imperata brasiliensis Trin. (capim-sapé, de Medicago sativa L. (alfafa e de Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi (aroeira, amostradas nos períodos chuvoso e seco, foram digeridas in vitro e preparadas de acordo com a técnica micro-histológica. Observou-se que as espécies apresentaram diferenças marcantes na porcentagem de fragmentos identificáveis e que a digestão alterou estas porcentagens em torno de 10 %; que o período de amos­tragem não influenciou a porcentagem de fragmentos identificáveis para a maioria das espécies; que a presença de pigmentos e a adesão da epiderme às células dos tecidos internos da folha prejudicaram a identificação dos fragmentos; e que a digestão melhorou a visualização dos fragmentos dos capins sapé e jaraguá e da aroeira, mas prejudicou a do capim-braquiária e, principalmente, a da alfafa.The objetive of this study was to verify differences among forages species in relation to the percentage of identifiable fragment as affected by the digestion process and season. Fresh last expanded leaf lamina samples of the species Melinis minutiflora Pal. de Beauv (Molassesgrass, Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees Stapf. (Jaraguagrass, Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. (Signalgrass, Imperata brasilienses Trin. (Sapegrass, and foliar laminas of Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa and Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi (Aroeira, sampled in the rainy and dry seasons, were digested in vitro and prepared according to the microhistological technique. The

Fluctuations in the fragmentation process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Botet, R.; Ploszajczak, M.

1993-01-01

Some general framework of sequential fragmentation is presented, as provided by the newly proposed Fragmentation - Inactivation - Binary model, and to study briefly its basic and universal features. This model includes as particular cases most of the previous kinetic fragmentation models. In particular it is discussed how one arrives in this framework to the critical behaviour, called the shattering transition. This model is then compared to recent data on gold multifragmentation at 600 MeV/nucl. (authors) 20 refs., 5 figs

The spectroscopy of fission fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Phillips, W.R.

1998-01-01

High-resolution measurements on γ rays from fission fragments have provided a rich source of information, unobtainable at the moment in any other way, on the spectroscopy of neutron-rich nuclei. In recent years important data have been obtained on the yrast- and near yrast-structure of neutron-rich fission fragments. We discuss the scope of measurements which can be made on prompt gamma rays from secondary fission fragments, the techniques used in the experiments and some results recently obtained. (author)

[Fragment-based drug discovery: concept and aim].

Science.gov (United States)

Tanaka, Daisuke

2010-03-01

Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD) has been recognized as a newly emerging lead discovery methodology that involves biophysical fragment screening and chemistry-driven fragment-to-lead stages. Although fragments, defined as structurally simple and small compounds (typically FBDD primarily turns our attention to weakly but specifically binding fragments (hit fragments) as the starting point of medicinal chemistry. Hit fragments are then promoted to more potent lead compounds through linking or merging with another hit fragment and/or attaching functional groups. Another positive aspect of FBDD is ligand efficiency. Ligand efficiency is a useful guide in screening hit selection and hit-to-lead phases to achieve lead-likeness. Owing to these features, a number of successful applications of FBDD to "undruggable targets" (where HTS and other lead identification methods failed to identify useful lead compounds) have been reported. As a result, FBDD is now expected to complement more conventional methodologies. This review, as an introduction of the following articles, will summarize the fundamental concepts of FBDD and will discuss its advantages over other conventional drug discovery approaches.

Non PCR-amplified Transcripts and AFLP fragments as reduced representations of the quail genome for 454 Titanium sequencing

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Leterrier Christine

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism discovery is now routinely performed using high-throughput sequencing of reduced representation libraries. Our objective was to adapt 454 GS FLX based sequencing methodologies in order to obtain the largest possible dataset from two reduced representations libraries, produced by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism for genomic DNA, and EST (Expressed Sequence Tag for the transcribed fraction of the genome. Findings The expressed fraction was obtained by preparing cDNA libraries without PCR amplification from quail embryo and brain. To optimize the information content for SNP analyses, libraries were prepared from individuals selected in three quail lines and each individual in the AFLP library was tagged. Sequencing runs produced 399,189 sequence reads from cDNA and 373,484 from genomic fragments, covering close to 250 Mb of sequence in total. Conclusions Both methods used to obtain reduced representations for high-throughput sequencing were successful after several improvements. The protocols may be used for several sequencing applications, such as de novo sequencing, tagged PCR fragments or long fragment sequencing of cDNA.

CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A SOCIOECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA E O TERCEIRO SETOR

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Renata Rodrigues da Silva

2011-08-01

Full Text Available O capitalismo, embora seja um modo de produção bastante resistente, capaz de enfrentar várias crises e, ainda assim se fortalecer depara-se com formas de resistências, uma vez que esse sistema é sustentado por desigualdades e injustiças. Como exemplo dessas resistências destaca-se a socioeconomia solidária ou economia solidária, que se constitui em uma alternativa de geração de trabalho e renda, buscando a inserção de excluídos social e economicamente na sociedade. Entende-se por socioeconomia solidária, alternativas que visem minimizar problemas relacionados ao desemprego crescente, sendo também uma fonte de geração de renda para parte da população que não é atendida pelo modo capitalista de produção. A prática de socioeconomia solidária constitui-se como um fenômeno antigo, tendo origem com a Revolução Industrial. Porém, observa-se um incentivo maior a esta outra economia a partir das últimas décadas do século XX, principalmente no Brasil, destacando-se o processo de expansão da socioeconomia solidária no país, bem como no estado de Minas Gerais. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a atual situação da socioeconomia solidária.

Velocity distribution of fragments of catastrophic impacts

Science.gov (United States)

Takagi, Yasuhiko; Kato, Manabu; Mizutani, Hitoshi

1992-01-01

Three dimensional velocities of fragments produced by laboratory impact experiments were measured for basalts and pyrophyllites. The velocity distribution of fragments obtained shows that the velocity range of the major fragments is rather narrow, at most within a factor of 3 and that no clear dependence of velocity on the fragment mass is observed. The NonDimensional Impact Stress (NDIS) defined by Mizutani et al. (1990) is found to be an appropriate scaling parameter to describe the overall fragment velocity as well as the antipodal velocity.

Fragmentation in DNA double-strand breaks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wei Zhiyong; Suzhou Univ., Suzhou; Zhang Lihui; Li Ming; Fan Wo; Xu Yujie

2005-01-01

DNA double strand breaks are important lesions induced by irradiations. Random breakage model or quantification supported by this concept is suitable to analyze DNA double strand break data induced by low LET radiation, but deviation from random breakage model is more evident in high LET radiation data analysis. In this work we develop a new method, statistical fragmentation model, to analyze the fragmentation process of DNA double strand breaks. After charged particles enter the biological cell, they produce ionizations along their tracks, and transfer their energies to the cells and break the cellular DNA strands into fragments. The probable distribution of the fragments is obtained under the condition in which the entropy is maximum. Under the approximation E≅E 0 + E 1 l + E 2 l 2 , the distribution functions are obtained as exp(αl + βl 2 ). There are two components, the one proportional to exp(βl 2 ), mainly contributes to the low mass fragment yields, the other component, proportional to exp(αl), decreases slowly as the mass of the fragments increases. Numerical solution of the constraint equations provides parameters α and β. Experimental data, especially when the energy deposition is higher, support the statistical fragmentation model. (authors)

Fission fragment yields from heavy-ion-induced reactions measured with a fragment separator

Science.gov (United States)

Tarasov, O. B.; Delaune, O.; Farget, F.; Morrissey, D. J.; Amthor, A. M.; Bastin, B.; Bazin, D.; Blank, B.; Cacéres, L.; Chbihi, A.; Fernández-Dominguez, B.; Grévy, S.; Kamalou, O.; Lukyanov, S. M.; Mittig, W.; Pereira, J.; Perrot, L.; Saint-Laurent, M.-G.; Savajols, H.; Sherrill, B. M.; Stodel, C.; Thomas, J. C.; Villari, A. C.

2018-04-01

The systematic study of fission fragment yields under different initial conditions has provided valuable experimental data for benchmarking models of fission product yields. Nuclear reactions using inverse kinematics coupled to the use of a high-resolution spectrometer with good fragment identification are shown here to be a powerful tool to measure the inclusive isotopic yields of fission fragments. In-flight fusion-fission was used in this work to produce secondary beams of neutron-rich isotopes in the collisions of a 238U beam at 24 MeV/u with 9Be and 12C targets at GANIL using the LISE3 fragment separator. Unique identification of the A, Z, and atomic charge state, q, of fission products was attained with the Δ E- TKE-B ρ- ToF measurement technique. Mass, and atomic number distributions are reported for the two reactions. The results show the importance of different reaction mechanisms in the two cases. The optimal target material for higher yields of neutron-rich high- Z isotopes produced in fusion-fission reactions as a function of projectile energy is discussed.

Characterization and classification of one new cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line based on morphological, cytological and molecular markers in non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Heng, Shuangping; Shi, Dianyi; Hu, Zhenhua; Huang, Tao; Li, Jinping; Liu, Liyan; Xia, Chunxiu; Yuan, Zhenzhen; Xu, Yuejin; Fu, Tingdong; Wan, Zhengjie

2015-09-01

A new non-heading Chinese cabbage CMS line M119A was characterized and specific molecular markers were developed to classify different CMS types. One new non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line M119A was obtained by interspecific crosses between the recently discovered hau CMS line of Brassica juncea and B. rapa. Furthermore, the line was characterized and compared with other five isonuclear-alloplasmic CMS lines. The M119A line produced six stamens without pollen and only two stamen fused together in fewer flowers. Tissue section indicated that anther abortion in M119A may have occurred during differentiation of the archesporial cells without pollen sac. All the six CMS lines were grouped into three types based on the presence of three PCR fragments of 825, 465 and 772 bp amplified with different mitochondrial genes specific primers. The 825-bp fragment was amplified both in 09-10A and H201A using the specific primer pair P-orf224-atp6, and showed 100 % identity with the mitochondrial gene of pol CMS. The 465-bp fragment was amplified in 30A and 105A using the primer pair P-orf138 and shared 100 % identity with the mitochondrial gene of ogu CMS. The 772-bp fragment was amplified in M119A and H203A using the primer pair P-orf288 and showed 100 % identity with the mitochondrial gene of hau CMS. Therefore, these markers could efficiently distinguish different types of isonuclear-alloplasmic CMS lines of non-heading Chinese cabbage, which were useful for improving the efficiency of cross-breeding and heterosis utilization in cruciferous vegetables.

Current fragmentation in deep inelastic scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamer, C.J.

1975-04-01

It is argued that the current fragmentation products in deep inelastic electron scattering will not be distributed in a 'one-dimensional' rapidity plateau as in the parton model picture of Feynman and Bjorken. A reaction mechanism with a multiperipheral topology, but which the above configuration might have been achieved, does not in fact populate the current fragmentation plateau; and unless partons are actually observed in the final state, it cannot lead to Bjorken scaling. The basic reason for this failure is shown to be the fact that when a particle is produced in the current fragmentation plateau, the adjacent momentum transfer in the multiperipheral chain becomes large and negative: such processes are inevitably suppressed. Instead, the current fragmentation products are likely to be generated by a fragmentation, or sequential decay process. (author)

Fragment emission from modestly excited nuclear systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lou, Y. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Souza, R.T. de [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Chen, S.L. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Cornell, E.W. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Davin, B. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Fox, D. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Hamilton, T.M. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Mcdonald, K. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility; Tsang, M.B. [Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab.; Glasmacher, T. [Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab.; Dinius, J. [Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab.; Gelbke, C.K. [Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab.; Handzy, D.O. [Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Dept. of Chemistry]|[Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States). Cyclotron Facility]|[Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). National Superconducting Cyclotron Lab.; Hsi, W.C.

1996-07-08

Fragment emission patterns occurring in nuclear systems of modest excitation are studied. Exclusive measurement of fragment emission in {sup 14}N+{sup 197}Au reactions at E/A=100, 130 and 156 MeV allows selection of central collisions where a single source dominates the decay. Low threshold measurement of IMF emission for these events allows investigation of the influence of detector threshold effects. The time scale of fragment emission is deduced using fragment-fragment velocity correlations. Comparisons are made to the predictions of a statistical decay model. (orig.).

The spectroscopy of fission fragments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Phillips, W.R. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL (United Kingdom); Collaboration: La Direction des Sciences de la Matiere du CEA (FR); Le Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (BE)

1998-12-31

High-resolution measurements on {gamma} rays from fission fragments have provided a rich source of information, unobtainable at the moment in any other way, on the spectroscopy of neutron-rich nuclei. In recent years important data have been obtained on the yrast- and near yrast-structure of neutron-rich fission fragments. We discuss the scope of measurements which can be made on prompt gamma rays from secondary fission fragments, the techniques used in the experiments and some results recently obtained. (author) 24 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Endovascular Removal of Fractured Inferior Vena Cava Filter Fragments: 5-Year Registry Data with Prospective Outcomes on Retained Fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Kesselman, Andrew J; Hoang, Nam Sao; Sheu, Alexander Y; Kuo, William T

2018-06-01

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of attempted percutaneous filter fragment removal during retrieval of fractured inferior vena cava (IVC) filters and to report outcomes associated with retained filter fragments. Over a 5-year period, 82 consecutive patients presenting with a fractured IVC filter were prospectively enrolled into an institutional review board-approved registry. There were 27 men and 55 women (mean, 47 y; range, 19-85 y). After main filter removal, percutaneous removal of fragments was attempted if they were deemed intravascular and accessible on preprocedural computed tomography (CT), cone-beam CT, and/or intravascular ultrasound; distal pulmonary artery (PA) fragments were left alone. A total of 185 fragments were identified (81 IVC, 33 PA, 16 cardiac, 2 hepatic vein, 1 renal vein, 1 aorta, 51 retroperitoneal). Mean filter dwell time was 2,183 days (range, 59-9,936 d). Eighty-seven of 185 fragments (47%) were deemed amenable to attempted removal: 65 IVC, 11 PA, 8 cardiac, 2 hepatic, and 1 aortic. Primary safety outcomes were major procedure-related complications. Fragment removal was successful in 78 of 87 cases (89.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 81.3-95.2). There were 6 minor complications with no consequence (6.9%; 95% CI, 2.6-14.4) involving intraprocedural fragment embolization and 1 major complication (1.1%; 95% CI, 0.0-6.2), a cardiac tamponade that was successfully treated. The complication rate from attempted cardiac fragment removal was 12.5% (1 of 8; 95% CI, 0.3-52.7). Among patients with retained cardiopulmonary fragments (n = 19), 81% remained asymptomatic during long-term clinical follow-up of 845 days (range, 386-2,071 d). Percutaneous removal of filter fragments from the IVC and proximal PAs is safe and effective overall, but attempted intracardiac fragment removal carries a higher risk of complication. Most residual filter fragments not amenable to percutaneous removal remain asymptomatic and may be monitored clinically

Pobreza e suas relações com a Psicologia Comunitária na 5a Conferência Internacional de Psicologia Comunitária

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Verônica Morais

2015-11-01

Full Text Available O problema da pobreza tem influências psicossociais na vida humana. A Psicologia Comunitária trabalha com esses problemas psicossociais. Então, busca-se com este artigo analisar a presença da temática da pobreza nos trabalhos apresentados na 5ª Conferência Internacional de Psicologia Comunitária (CIPC, que foi realizada em setembro de 2014 em Fortaleza (Ceará/Brasil. O tema da 5ª CIPC foi “Psicologia Comunitária no mundo atual: desafios, limites e práticas” com 1553 inscritos e 726 trabalhos aprovados. A metodologia consiste em analisar a temática da pobreza nos trabalhos aprovados nos cincos eixos temáticos: Políticas Públicas, Acadêmico/Formação, Profissão, Movimentos Sociais e Ética na dimensão planetária e em defesa da vida. As dimensões analisadas foram: concepções de pobreza, dimensões psicossociais utilizadas e relação da Psicologia Comunitária com a pobreza. Analisa-se que os eixos com mais produções relacionadas à pobreza são Acadêmico/Formação e Políticas Públicas. Entretanto, a maioria dos resumos não apresenta uma definição específica da pobreza. Há também produções com enfoques monetários e multidimensionais. Sobre as dimensões da pobreza, as mais utilizadas foram o apoio social, as potencialidades, o fatalismo, a conscientização, a vergonha, a humilhação e a exclusão social. Sobre as relações da Psicologia Comunitária com a pobreza, grande parte dos resumos utilizam a pobreza somente como caracterização de um contexto, porém também há produções que atuam contra as práticas de opressão relacionadas à pobreza e em uma perspectiva crítica.

Distúrbios de memória em pacientes epilépticos

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STELLA FLORINDO

1999-01-01

Full Text Available O autor estudou distúrbios de memória em pacientes epilépticos com crises parciais complexas (CPC, com os objetivos de: 1 identificar estes distúrbios; e 2 comparar os resultados dos pacientes com os dos controles. Foram estudados 50 pacientes adultos e 20 sujeitos sem enfermidades neuropsiquiátricas. Os métodos consistiram em: 1 investigação da atividade mnemônica através do Teste de Memória de Wechsler (subtestes: Armazenamento e Recuperação, Memória Recente e Memória Imediata; e 2 comparação entre os resultados de ambos os grupos. 3 associação entre SPECT Cerebral e atividade mnemônica. Nos três subtestes, os pacientes apresentaram desempenho cognitivo significativamente inferior ao dos controles (p <0,05. Constatou-se a associação entre hipofluxo em região temporal esquerda e distúrbio da memória nos três subtestes. Concluiu-se que há associação entre CPC e distúrbios da atividade mnemônica.

Fragment Length of Circulating Tumor DNA.

Science.gov (United States)

Underhill, Hunter R; Kitzman, Jacob O; Hellwig, Sabine; Welker, Noah C; Daza, Riza; Baker, Daniel N; Gligorich, Keith M; Rostomily, Robert C; Bronner, Mary P; Shendure, Jay

2016-07-01

Malignant tumors shed DNA into the circulation. The transient half-life of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may afford the opportunity to diagnose, monitor recurrence, and evaluate response to therapy solely through a non-invasive blood draw. However, detecting ctDNA against the normally occurring background of cell-free DNA derived from healthy cells has proven challenging, particularly in non-metastatic solid tumors. In this study, distinct differences in fragment length size between ctDNAs and normal cell-free DNA are defined. Human ctDNA in rat plasma derived from human glioblastoma multiforme stem-like cells in the rat brain and human hepatocellular carcinoma in the rat flank were found to have a shorter principal fragment length than the background rat cell-free DNA (134-144 bp vs. 167 bp, respectively). Subsequently, a similar shift in the fragment length of ctDNA in humans with melanoma and lung cancer was identified compared to healthy controls. Comparison of fragment lengths from cell-free DNA between a melanoma patient and healthy controls found that the BRAF V600E mutant allele occurred more commonly at a shorter fragment length than the fragment length of the wild-type allele (132-145 bp vs. 165 bp, respectively). Moreover, size-selecting for shorter cell-free DNA fragment lengths substantially increased the EGFR T790M mutant allele frequency in human lung cancer. These findings provide compelling evidence that experimental or bioinformatic isolation of a specific subset of fragment lengths from cell-free DNA may improve detection of ctDNA.

Fragment-Based, Structure-Enabled Discovery of Novel Pyridones and Pyridone Macrocycles as Potent Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Domain (BET) Family Bromodomain Inhibitors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Le; Pratt, John K.; Soltwedel, Todd; Sheppard, George S.; Fidanze, Steven D.; Liu, Dachun; Hasvold, Lisa A.; Mantei, Robert A.; Holms, James H.; McClellan, William J.; Wendt, Michael D.; Wada, Carol; Frey, Robin; Hansen, T.Matthew; Hubbard, Robert; Park, Chang H.; Li, Leiming; Magoc, Terrance J.; Albert, Daniel H.; Lin, Xiaoyu; Warder, Scott E.; Kovar, Peter; Huang, Xiaoli; Wilcox, Denise; Wang, Rongqi; Rajaraman, Ganesh; Petros, Andrew M.; Hutchins, Charles W.; Panchal, Sanjay C.; Sun, Chaohong; Elmore, Steven W.; Shen, Yu; Kati, Warren M.; McDaniel, Keith F. (AbbVie)

2017-03-24

Members of the BET family of bromodomain containing proteins have been identified as potential targets for blocking proliferation in a variety of cancer cell lines. A two-dimensional NMR fragment screen for binders to the bromodomains of BRD4 identified a phenylpyridazinone fragment with a weak binding affinity (1, Ki = 160 μM). SAR investigation of fragment 1, aided by X-ray structure-based design, enabled the synthesis of potent pyridone and macrocyclic pyridone inhibitors exhibiting single digit nanomolar potency in both biochemical and cell based assays. Advanced analogs in these series exhibited high oral exposures in rodent PK studies and demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition efficacy in mouse flank xenograft models.

Fragger: a protein fragment picker for structural queries.

Science.gov (United States)

Berenger, Francois; Simoncini, David; Voet, Arnout; Shrestha, Rojan; Zhang, Kam Y J

2017-01-01

Protein modeling and design activities often require querying the Protein Data Bank (PDB) with a structural fragment, possibly containing gaps. For some applications, it is preferable to work on a specific subset of the PDB or with unpublished structures. These requirements, along with specific user needs, motivated the creation of a new software to manage and query 3D protein fragments. Fragger is a protein fragment picker that allows protein fragment databases to be created and queried. All fragment lengths are supported and any set of PDB files can be used to create a database. Fragger can efficiently search a fragment database with a query fragment and a distance threshold. Matching fragments are ranked by distance to the query. The query fragment can have structural gaps and the allowed amino acid sequences matching a query can be constrained via a regular expression of one-letter amino acid codes. Fragger also incorporates a tool to compute the backbone RMSD of one versus many fragments in high throughput. Fragger should be useful for protein design, loop grafting and related structural bioinformatics tasks.

Kaon fragmentation function from NJL-jet model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matevosyan, Hrayr H.; Thomas, Anthony W.; Bentz, Wolfgang

2010-01-01

The NJL-jet model provides a sound framework for calculating the fragmentation functions in an effective chiral quark theory, where the momentum and isospin sum rules are satisfied without the introduction of ad hoc parameters [1]. Earlier studies of the pion fragmentation functions using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model within this framework showed good qualitative agreement with the empirical parameterizations. Here we extend the NJL-jet model by including the strange quark. The corrections to the pion fragmentation function and corresponding kaon fragmentation functions are calculated using the elementary quark to quark-meson fragmentation functions from NJL. The results for the kaon fragmentation function exhibit a qualitative agreement with the empirical parameterizations, while the unfavored strange quark fragmentation to pions is shown to be of the same order of magnitude as the unfavored light quark's. The results of these studies are expected to provide important guidance for the analysis of a large variety of semi-inclusive data.

Hiperplasia em túnicas de artérias coronárias de beijupirás criados em sistema offshore

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V.F. Pedrosa

2015-06-01

Full Text Available As lesões coronarianas já foram relatadas em espécies de peixes anádromos, com características semelhantes às observadas em aterosclerose humana, mas não em peixes cultivados sem interferência de padrões reprodutivos. Objetivou-se descrever lesões coronarianas em beijupirá (Rachycentron canadum criado em sistema offshore, em 54 exemplares coletados ao longo do cultivo de oito meses. Amostras de tecido cardíaco de alevinos e juvenis foram submetidas à análise histopatológica e à microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET, para visualização de lesões coronarianas, sendo as lâminas histológicas coradas pela técnica de hematoxilina-eosina, ácido periódico de Schiff, alcian blue e reticulina de Gomori. Exames realizados pela fotomicroscopia de luz evidenciaram lesões arteriais caracterizadas por hiperplasia das túnicas íntima e média de artérias coronárias em, respectivamente, 29,63% e 79,63% dos animais, com redução do lúmen arterial. Na MET, foram observadas alterações na estrutura das coronárias com espessamento do endotélio e membrana basal, proliferação de fibroblastos e fibras colágenas, com acúmulo de material lipídico subendotelial, resíduos celulares aderidos à membrana basal e vesículas pinocitóticas com presença de lisossomos isolados. Constatou-se que os peixes da espécie Rachycentron canadum criados em cativeiro desenvolvem lesão arterial do tipo crônica degenerativa inflamatória.

Fragmentation of rotating protostellar clouds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tohline, J.E.

1980-01-01

We examine, with a three-dimensional hydrodynamic computer code, the behavior of rotating, isothermal gas clouds as they collapse from Jeans unstable configurations, in order to determine whether they are susceptible to fragmentation during the initial dynamic collapse phase of their evolution. We find that a gas cloud will not fragment unless (a) it begins collapsing from a radius much smaller than the Jeans radius (i.e., the cloud initially encloses many Jeans masses) and (b) irregularities in the cloud's initial structure (specifically, density inhomogeneities) enclose more than one Jeans mass of material. Gas pressure smooths out features that are not initially Jeans unstable while rotation plays no direct role in damping inhomogeneities. Instead of fragmenting, most of our models collapse to a ring configuration (as has been observed by other investigators in two-dimensional, axisymmetric models). The rings appear to be less susceptible to gragmentation from arbitrary perturbations in their structure than has previously been indicated in other work. Because our models, which include the effects of gas pressure, do not readily fragment during a phase of dynamic collapse, we suggest that gas clouds in the galactic disk undergo fragmentation only during quasi-equilibrium phases of their evolution

Glicemia perioperatória e complicações pós-operatórias em cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica

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Rodrigo Leal Alves

2011-11-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Anestesia para cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica é sistematicamente realizada em pacientes graves sob condições fisiológicas anormais. No intraoperatório, existem variações significativas da volemia, temperatura corporal, composição plasmática e fluxo sanguíneo tecidual, além de ativação da inflamação, com consequências importantes. Medidas seriadas da glicemia podem indicar estados de exacerbação da resposta neuroendocrinometabólica ao trauma servindo como marcadores prognóstico de morbidade nessa população. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar os níveis de glicemia do período perioperatório de crianças submetidas a cirurgia cardíaca com a ocorrência de complicações no pós-operatório e comparar os níveis intraoperatórios de glicemia de acordo com as condições perioperatórias. MÉTODOS: Informações referentes ao procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico e condições perioperatórias dos pacientes foram coletadas em prontuário. Comparações das médias dos valores perioperatórios da glicemia nos grupos de pacientes que apresentaram, ou não, complicações pós-operatórias e as frequências referentes às condições perioperatórias foram estabelecidas conforme cálculo da razão de chances e em análises univariáveis não paramétricas. RESULTADOS: Valores mais elevados de glicemia intraoperatória foram observados nos indivíduos que apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias. Prematuridade, faixa etária, tipo de anestesia e caráter do procedimento não apresentaram influência na média glicêmica do intraoperatório. O emprego de Circulação Extracorpórea (CEC esteve associado a maiores valores de glicemia durante a cirurgia. Nos procedimentos com CEC, maiores níveis glicêmicos foram observados nos indivíduos que evoluíram com infecção e complicações cardiovasculares, nas cirurgias sem CEC essa mesma associação ocorreu com complicações infecciosas e hematológicas. CONCLUSÃO: N�

Fragment-based approaches to TB drugs.

Science.gov (United States)

Marchetti, Chiara; Chan, Daniel S H; Coyne, Anthony G; Abell, Chris

2018-02-01

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease associated with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The rise of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) urgently demands the development of new drug leads to tackle resistant strains. Fragment-based methods have recently emerged at the forefront of pharmaceutical development as a means to generate more effective lead structures, via the identification of fragment molecules that form weak but high quality interactions with the target biomolecule and subsequent fragment optimization. This review highlights a number of novel inhibitors of Mtb targets that have been developed through fragment-based approaches in recent years.

The Zero-Degree Detector system for fragmentation studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, J.H.; Christl, M.J.; Howell, L.W.; Kuznetsov, E.

2007-01-01

The measurement of nuclear fragmentation cross-sections requires the detection and identification of individual projectile fragments. If light and heavy fragments are recorded in the same detector, it may be impossible to distinguish the signal from the light fragment. To overcome this problem, we have developed the Zero-degree Detector System (ZDDS). The ZDDS enables the measurement of cross-sections for light fragment production by using pixelated detectors to separately measure the signals of each fragment. The system has been used to measure the fragmentation of beams as heavy as Fe at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba, Japan

Introduction to fragment-based drug discovery.

Science.gov (United States)

Erlanson, Daniel A

2012-01-01

Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) has emerged in the past decade as a powerful tool for discovering drug leads. The approach first identifies starting points: very small molecules (fragments) that are about half the size of typical drugs. These fragments are then expanded or linked together to generate drug leads. Although the origins of the technique date back some 30 years, it was only in the mid-1990s that experimental techniques became sufficiently sensitive and rapid for the concept to be become practical. Since that time, the field has exploded: FBDD has played a role in discovery of at least 18 drugs that have entered the clinic, and practitioners of FBDD can be found throughout the world in both academia and industry. Literally dozens of reviews have been published on various aspects of FBDD or on the field as a whole, as have three books (Jahnke and Erlanson, Fragment-based approaches in drug discovery, 2006; Zartler and Shapiro, Fragment-based drug discovery: a practical approach, 2008; Kuo, Fragment based drug design: tools, practical approaches, and examples, 2011). However, this chapter will assume that the reader is approaching the field with little prior knowledge. It will introduce some of the key concepts, set the stage for the chapters to follow, and demonstrate how X-ray crystallography plays a central role in fragment identification and advancement.

Mechanisms Affecting Population Density in Fragmented Habitat

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Lutz Tischendorf

2005-06-01

Full Text Available We conducted a factorial simulation experiment to analyze the relative importance of movement pattern, boundary-crossing probability, and mortality in habitat and matrix on population density, and its dependency on habitat fragmentation, as well as inter-patch distance. We also examined how the initial response of a species to a fragmentation event may affect our observations of population density in post-fragmentation experiments. We found that the boundary-crossing probability from habitat to matrix, which partly determines the emigration rate, is the most important determinant for population density within habitat patches. The probability of crossing a boundary from matrix to habitat had a weaker, but positive, effect on population density. Movement behavior in habitat had a stronger effect on population density than movement behavior in matrix. Habitat fragmentation and inter-patch distance may have a positive or negative effect on population density. The direction of both effects depends on two factors. First, when the boundary-crossing probability from habitat to matrix is high, population density may decline with increasing habitat fragmentation. Conversely, for species with a high matrix-to-habitat boundary-crossing probability, population density may increase with increasing habitat fragmentation. Second, the initial distribution of individuals across the landscape: we found that habitat fragmentation and inter-patch distance were positively correlated with population density when individuals were distributed across matrix and habitat at the beginning of our simulation experiments. The direction of these relationships changed to negative when individuals were initially distributed across habitat only. Our findings imply that the speed of the initial response of organisms to habitat fragmentation events may determine the direction of observed relationships between habitat fragmentation and population density. The time scale of post-fragmentation

Flexible Software Process Lines in Practice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kuhrmann, Marco; Ternité, Thomas; Friedrich, Jan

2016-01-01

Process flexibility and adaptability is a frequently discussed topic in literature, and several approaches propose techniques to improve and optimize software processes for a given organization- or project context. A software process line (SPrL) is an instrument to systematically construct...... that can be adapted to the respective context. In this article, we present an approach to construct flexible software process lines and show its practical application in the German V-Modell XT. The presented approach emerges from a 10-year research endeavor and was used to enhance the metamodel of the V......-Modell XT and to allow for improved process variability and lifecycle management. Practical dissemination and complementing empirical research show the suitability of the concept. We therefore contribute a proven approach that is presented as metamodel fragment for reuse and implementation in further...

Ensino de História hoje: errâncias, conquistas e perdas

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Marcos Antônio da Silva

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa tradições de debate sobre Ensino de História no Brasil desde a ditadura de 1964-1984. Ele discute as mudanças, permanências, conquistas e perdas na história da disciplina. Destaca a importância da cultura escolar, a necessária continuidade da escola como instituição e o diálogo com formas não escolares de ensino.

Artérias e veias placentárias em ovinos deslanados sem raça definida (Ovis aries, L. 1758

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Janicleide Maria de Almeida

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O suprimento sangüíneo da placenta de 30 ovelhas deslanadas sem raça definida foi estudado mediante análise de peças obtidas através de injeção vascular com Látex Neoprene 650 corado. Constataram-se no material casos de gestações únicas (53,3%, gemelares (46,7% e trigemelares (3,3%. Em todos os casos analisados, observaram-se 4 vasos umbilicais (2 artérias e 2 veias além do ducto alantóide, na constituição do funículo umbilical. Em apenas 1 caso (gestação trigemelar, as duas artérias umbilicais de um dos fetos fundiram-se na porção média do funículo umbilical, e neste caso integrava apenas uma veia umbilical. A área placentária hilar variava de 2,0 a 6,0 centímetros dependendo da fase de gestação. O número médio de placentônios por gestação foi igual a 96, com tamanhos e formas bastante diversificados, sendo que aqueles maiores que 1,5 centímetro eram predominantes, assim como aqueles de formato ovóide. Os placentônios eram irrigados e drenados por uma série diversificada de artérias e veias, constituindo arranjos arteriocotiledonários e venocotiledonários, perfazendo um total de 299 e 314 arranjos respectivamente.

Quark fragmentation in e+e- collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oddone, P.

1984-12-01

This brief review of new results in quark and gluon fragmentation observed in e + e - collisions concentrates mostly on PEP results and, within PEP, mostly on TPC results. The new PETRA results have been reported at this conference by M. Davier. It is restricted to results on light quark fragmentation since the results on heavy quark fragmentation have been reported by J. Chapman

As páginas de história

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Höfling Maria Arlete Zülzke

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Produzimos um material para o estudo da localidade num Atlas Municipal Escolar, objetivando despertar a curiosidade e o gosto pelo conhecimento da história local. Destacamos nas páginas de história do Atlas de Rio Claro o processo de ocupação, povoamento, doação de sesmarias, desmembramento em fazendas, a cana-de-açúcar, o café, o escravo, o imigrante e as mudanças que ocorreram em Rio Claro até o início do século XX.

Hanna Krall e os caminhos tortos da memória e da identidade

OpenAIRE

Piotr Kilanowski

2013-01-01

Neste artigo apresentamos a escritora polonesa de origem judaica Hanna Krall por meio da análise literária do seu romance Sublokatorka (A sublocatária).  O romance, com elementos autobiográficos, apresenta a personalidade cindida de uma menina sobrevivente do Holocausto e discute o tema da identidade polonesa, judaica e judaico-polonesa. Através da observação da memória e do processo de criação da memória, a autora mostra a construção da identidade falsa e a repressão da verdadeira, o comport...

The evaluation of CLIA, RIA and MSP-ELISA for measurement of thyroid hormones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jing Hua; Li Dan; Chen Yiguang; Zhou Huiqin; Xu Liyan

2005-01-01

To compare the characteristics of chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), RIA and magnetic solid phase enzyme-linked immnosorbent assay (MSP-ELISA) in measuring thyroid hormones, TT 3 , TT 4 , FT 3 , FT 4 and TSH were tested in 40 samples of human serum and in standard samples of thyroid hormones by CLIA, RIA and MSP-ELISA respectively. The linearity, relativiy, precision, recovery of these three met hods were compared. The result showed that there were no statistical differences between CLIA, RIA and MSP-ELISA in linearity and relativity. CLIA was better than RIA and MSP-ELISA in precision and accuracy. (authors)

Fragmentation of a 500 MeV/nucleon 86Kr beam, investigated at the GSI projectile fragment separator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weber, M.; Donzaud, C.; Geissel, H.; Grewe, A.; Lewitowicz, M.; Magel, A.; Mueller, A.C.; Nickel, F.; Pfuetzner, M.; Piechaczek, A.; Pravikoff, M.; Roeckl, E.; Rykaczewski, K.; Saint-Laurent, M.G.; Schall, I.; Stephan, C.; Tassan-Got, L.; Voss, B.

1993-10-01

Production cross-sections and longitudinal momentum distributions have been investigated for reactions between a 500 MeV/nucleon 86 Kr beam and beryllium, copper and tantalum targets. Fragments in a wide A/Z range were studied at the projectile-fragment separator FRS at GSI. The experimental production cross-sections have been used for testing the predictions obtained from a semi-empirical parameterization, a statistical abrasion model and an intranuclear-cascade model. The present study allows to extrapolate the production cross-sections towards very neutron-rich isotopes such as the doubly magic nucleus 78 Ni. For fragments close to the projectile the measured longitudinal momentum distributions agrees qualitatively with a semi-empirical parameterization, which is based on the two-step picture of the fragmentation process. The momentum widths of lighter fragments, however, show deviations from this simple picture. (orig.)

Ternary-fragmentation-driving potential energies of 252Cf

Science.gov (United States)

Karthikraj, C.; Ren, Zhongzhou

2017-12-01

Within the framework of a simple macroscopic model, the ternary-fragmentation-driving potential energies of 252Cf are studied. In this work, all possible ternary-fragment combinations of 252Cf are generated by the use of atomic mass evaluation-2016 (AME2016) data and these combinations are minimized by using a two-dimensional minimization approach. This minimization process can be done in two ways: (i) with respect to proton numbers (Z1, Z2, Z3) and (ii) with respect to neutron numbers (N1, N2, N3) of the ternary fragments. In this paper, the driving potential energies for the ternary breakup of 252Cf are presented for both the spherical and deformed as well as the proton-minimized and neutron-minimized ternary fragments. From the proton-minimized spherical ternary fragments, we have obtained different possible ternary configurations with a minimum driving potential, in particular, the experimental expectation of Sn + Ni + Ca ternary fragmentation. However, the neutron-minimized ternary fragments exhibit a driving potential minimum in the true-ternary-fission (TTF) region as well. Further, the Q -value energy systematics of the neutron-minimized ternary fragments show larger values for the TTF fragments. From this, we have concluded that the TTF region fragments with the least driving potential and high Q values have a strong possibility in the ternary fragmentation of 252Cf. Further, the role of ground-state deformations (β2, β3, β4, and β6) in the ternary breakup of 252Cf is also studied. The deformed ternary fragmentation, which involves Z3=12 -19 fragments, possesses the driving potential minimum due to the larger oblate deformations. We also found that the ground-state deformations, particularly β2, strongly influence the driving potential energies and play a major role in determining the most probable fragment combinations in the ternary breakup of 252Cf.

A estratégia fundiária dos movimentos populares na produção autogestionária da moradia

OpenAIRE

Evaniza Lopes Rodrigues

2013-01-01

Os movimentos populares de luta por moradia, que defendem a proposta autogestionária, atuam no Brasil desde a década de 80, e são protagonistas da recente construção legal e institucional da política urbana e habitacional brasileira. Os programas Crédito Solidário e Minha Casa Minha Vida Entidades, frutos de uma trajetória de mobilização e pressão desses movimentos, reconhecem a atuação de entidades sociais, cooperativas e movimentos populares como agentes promotores de empreendimentos habita...

Architectural fragments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bang, Jacob Sebastian

2018-01-01

I have created a large collection of plaster models: a collection of Obstructions, errors and opportunities that may develop into architecture. The models are fragments of different complex shapes as well as more simple circular models with different profiling and diameters. In this contect I have....... I try to invent the ways of drawing the models - that decode and unfold them into architectural fragments- into future buildings or constructions in the landscape. [1] Luigi Moretti: Italian architect, 1907 - 1973 [2] Man Ray: American artist, 1890 - 1976. in 2015, I saw the wonderful exhibition...... "Man Ray - Human Equations" at the Glyptotek in Copenhagen, organized by the Philips Collection in Washington D.C. and the Israel Museum in Jerusalem (in 2013). See also: "Man Ray - Human Equations" catalogue published by Hatje Cantz Verlag, Germany, 2014....

Flaubert’s Dig: From Fragments to Modernity's Emerging Form

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Suzanne Braswell

2011-07-01

Full Text Available A cause de l'aspect fragmenté du narratif des romans La Tentation de saint Antoine et Bouvard et Pécuchet de Gustave Flaubert, ces deux œuvres se montrent comme des anomalies en comparaison de ses autres romans. Toutefois, l'auteur a passé des décennies à parfaire ses deux textes. En effet, il est retourné trois fois à La Tentation, un texte qu'il a déclaré « plus étrange que beau », et il a consacré des années à la recherche de la matière et de la forme de Bouvard et Pécuchet, ce qui suggère un projet auquel Flaubert n'a pas cessé de s'intéresser. Si ces deux romans semblent donc marquer un écart par rapport à l'œuvre du romancier, ils ont en fait résulté de deux lignes d'intérêt qui se manifestent à plusieurs reprises le long de son œuvre : des formes théâtrales et la potentialité poétique de la forme narrative. Cette analyse rend compte de la poétique de la discontinuité et de son rapport et aux formes du théâtre populaire au milieu du XIXe siècle et aux caractéristiques émergeantes de la modernité, notamment l'effet de la fragmentation sur la conscience moderne.The curiously fragmented form of Gustave Flaubert's La Tentation de saint Antoine and his final and incomplete novel Bouvard et Pécuchet seems anomalous in comparison to his more well-known works. However, these works occupied Flaubert's consciousness over decades of his lifetime. Indeed, he returned three times to La Tentation, a text he characterized as “plus étrange que beau”, and devoted years of research to Bouvard et Pécuchet, suggesting a project of equally enduring interest for the writer. If these two novels seem to stand apart from the rest of his opus, they were in fact the fruit of two abiding lines of interest for the author: theatrical forms and the poetic potential of narrative form, explored through tableaux and fragmentation. This analysis considers the poetics of discontinuity and its relationship both to popular

Possibilities for Beam Stripping Solutions at a Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Greife, Uwe

2006-01-01

As part of the DOE RIA R and D effort we investigated the possibilities and problems of beam strippers in the different heavy ion accelerator components of a possible Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) facility. We focused on two beam stripping positions in the RIA heavy ion driver where benchmark currents of up to 5 particle (micro)A 238-U were projected at energies of 10.5 MeV/u and 85 MeV/u respectively. In order to select feasible stripper materials, data from experiments with Uranium beams at Texas A and M and GSI were evaluated. Based on these results thermal estimates for a possible design were calculated and cooling simulations with commercially available software performed. Additionally, we performed simulations with the GEANT4 code on evaluating the radiation environment for our beam stripping solution at the 85 MeV/u position in the RIA driver

Avaliação da memória sob anestesia venosa total

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Gulistan Aktas

2013-06-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Neste estudo, objetivamos avaliar a memória implícita e explícita em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal sob anestesia venosa total (AVT com propofol e remifentanil, na qual o nível de anestesia foi controlado pelo monitoramento do índice bispectral (BIS. MÉTODO: Anestesia venosa total foi administrada a 60 pacientes adultos para obter níveis de BIS de 40-60. Os pacientes foram randomicamente divididos em três grupos, de acordo com as gravações que ouviram. Os pacientes do grupo categoria (CT ouviram uma fita gravada contendo cinco nomes de animais. Os pacientes do grupo recordar palavras (RP ouviram uma fita gravada contendo cinco palavras de frequência média na língua turca, depois de adaptadas. Os pacientes do grupo controle (GC ouviram os sons do mar até o fim da cirurgia. Duas horas após a cirurgia, os testes foram administrados a cada paciente na sala de recuperação para avaliar a memória. RESULTADOS: Houve uma diferença entre os escores dos grupos CT e GC no Miniexame do Estado Mental (MMSE; todos os escores foram > 20. Os resultados dos testes de categoria e recordar palavras, aplicados para avaliar a memória implícita, não foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os grupos. Não houve evidência de memória implícita em nenhum dos pacientes. Um paciente lembrou-se de ouvir "o som de água" como uma prova de memória explícita. Onze pacientes declararam não ter sonhado. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar de não termos encontrado nenhuma evidência de memória implícita sob anestesia adequada com AVT, um paciente apresentou memória explícita. Embora a profundidade adequada da anestesia fornecida pelo monitoramento do BIS corrobore nossos resultados para a memória implícita, ela não explica os resultados para a memória explícita.

Chemical Production using Fission Fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dawson, J. K.; Moseley, F.

1960-01-01

Some reactor design considerations of the use of fission recoil fragment energy for the production of chemicals of industrial importance have been discussed previously in a paper given at the Second United Nations International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy [A/Conf. 15/P.76]. The present paper summarizes more recent progress made on this topic at AERE, Harwell. The range-energy relationship for fission fragments is discussed in the context of the choice of fuel system for a chemical production reactor, and the experimental observation of a variation of chemical effect along the length of a fission fragment track is described for the irradiation of nitrogen-oxygen mixtures. Recent results are given on the effect of fission fragments on carbon monoxide-hydrogen gas mixtures and on water vapour. No system investigated to date shows any outstanding promise for large-scale chemical production. (author) [fr

The dynamics of fragment formation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keane, D.

1994-09-01

We demonstrate that in the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model, dynamical correlations can result in the production rate for final state nucleon clusters (and hence composite fragments) being higher than would be expected if statistics and the available phase space were dominant in determining composite formation. An intranuclear cascade or a Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model, combined with a statistical approach in the late stage of the collision to determine composites, provides an equivalent description only under limited conditions of centrality and beam energy. We use data on participant fragment production in Au + Au collisions in the Bevalac's BOS time projection chamber to map out the parameter space where statistical clustering provides a good description. In particular, we investigate momentum-space densities of fragments up to 4 He as a function of fragment transverse momentum, azimuth relative to the reaction plane, rapidity, multiplicity and beam energy

Estêvão e a Ação Popular (AP: a história da AP nas memórias de Duarte Pereira

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Reginaldo Benedito Dias

2016-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a trajetória da Ação Popular (AP, organização de esquerda das décadas de 1960 e 1970, é narrada e interpretada por Duarte Pacheco Pereira, um dos mais importantes dirigentes de sua história. Caracterizada por sua origem heterodoxa, influenciada pelo humanismo cristão, pelo existencialismo e pelo marxismo, a AP estabeleceu, na conjuntura posterior a 1964, um processo de ruptura com seu passado e de adesão à tradição do marxismo-leninismo, que foi permeado por tensões e cisões políticas. Investigando a interface entre as suas memórias e a história da AP, procura-se aferir sua contribuição à interpretação da singular práxis dessa organização política. A análise tem o suporte de entrevistas concedidas por Duarte Pacheco Pereira, de uma palestra que ele proferiu e do fundo documental que leva seu nome, disponível no Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth.

Elas merecem ser lembradas: feminismo, emoções e memória em rede

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Tatiane Leal

Full Text Available Resumo Neste artigo, discuto as interseções entre feminismo, memória e emoções no ambiente virtual da Internet. A metodologia consiste na análise das páginas dos projetos Aurélia e Let’s Celebrate Women, que se dedicam a construir uma memória coletiva feminina online, reunindo histórias de mulheres inspiradoras, do passado e do presente. O objetivo é problematizar os usos da memória pelos movimentos sociais, em suas constituições identitárias e em suas lutas por reconhecimento, identificando os imbricamentos presentes entre os feminismos contemporâneos e a Internet. A partir de uma discussão do conceito de memória, investigo, ainda, as relações entre essas iniciativas e o crescimento de uma cultura do lembrar na contemporaneidade. Na relação entre as práticas de rememoração e as emoções, o direito à memória se estabelece como uma reivindicação primordial das mulheres em suas novas formas de militância.

Hands as markers of fragmentation

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A. Barnard

2005-07-01

Full Text Available Margaret Atwood is an internationally read, translated, and critiqued writer whose novels have established her as one of the most esteemed authors in English (McCombs & Palmer, 1991:1. Critical studies of her work deal mainly with notions of identity from psychoanalytical perspectives. This study has identified a gap in current critical studies on Atwood’s works, namely the challenging of textual unity which is paralleled in the challenging of the traditional (single narrative voice. The challenging of textual unity and the single narrative voice brings about the fragmentation of both. This article will focus on the role that hands play as markers of fragmentation in “The Blind Assassin” (2000. In the novel, the writing hand destabilises the narrative voice, since it is not connected to the voice of a single author. If the author of the text – the final signified – is eliminated, the text becomes fragmentary and open, inviting the reader to contribute to the creation of meaning. Hands play a signficant role in foregrounding the narrator’s fragmented identity, and consequently, the fragmentation of the text. We will investigate this concept in the light of Roland Barthes’ notion of the scriptor, whose hand is metaphorically severed from his or her “voice”. Instead of the text being a unified entity, it becomes unstable and it displays the absence of hierarchical textual levels. Based mainly on Barthes’ writings, this article concludes that hands foreground the narrator’s fragmented identity, which is paralleled in the fragmented text.

Heavy fragment radioactivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silisteanu, I.

1991-06-01

The effect of collective mode excitation in heavy fragment radioactivity (HFR) is explored and discussed in the light of current experimental data. It is found that the coupling and resonance effects in fragment interaction and also the proper angular momentum effects may lead to an important enhancing of the emission process. New useful procedures are proposed for the study of nuclear decay properties. The relations between different decay processes are investigated in detail. We are also trying to understand and explain in a unified way the reaction mechanisms in decay phenomena. (author). 17 refs, 4 figs, 3 tabs

An Algebra for Program Fragments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristensen, Bent Bruun; Madsen, Ole Lehrmann; Møller-Pedersen, Birger

1985-01-01

Program fragments are described either by strings in the concrete syntax or by constructor applications in the abstract syntax. By defining conversions between these forms, both may be intermixed. Program fragments are constructed by terminal and nonterminal symbols from the grammar and by variab...

Gamebird responses to anthropogenic forest fragmentation and degradation in a southern Amazonian landscape

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Fernanda Michalski

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Although large-bodied tropical forest birds are impacted by both habitat loss and fragmentation, their patterns of habitat occupancy will also depend on the degree of forest habitat disturbance, which may interact synergistically or additively with fragmentation effects. Here, we examine the effects of forest patch and landscape metrics, and levels of forest disturbance on the patterns of persistence of six gamebird taxa in the southern Brazilian Amazon. We use both interview data conducted with long-term residents and/or landowners from 129 remnant forest patches and 15 continuous forest sites and line-transect census data from a subset of 21 forest patches and two continuous forests. Forest patch area was the strongest predictor of species persistence, explaining as much as 46% of the overall variation in gamebird species richness. Logistic regression models showed that anthropogenic disturbance—including surface wildfires, selective logging and hunting pressure—had a variety of effects on species persistence. Most large-bodied gamebird species were sensitive to forest fragmentation, occupying primarily large, high-quality forest patches in higher abundances, and were typically absent from patches 10,000 ha, relatively undisturbed forest patches to both maximize persistence and maintain baseline abundances of large neotropical forest birds.

Fragment Impact Toolkit (FIT)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shevitz, Daniel Wolf [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Key, Brian P. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Garcia, Daniel B. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2017-09-05

The Fragment Impact Toolkit (FIT) is a software package used for probabilistic consequence evaluation of fragmenting sources. The typical use case for FIT is to simulate an exploding shell and evaluate the consequence on nearby objects. FIT is written in the programming language Python and is designed as a collection of interacting software modules. Each module has a function that interacts with the other modules to produce desired results.

Aborto entre alunas e funcionárias de uma universidade brasileira

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Hardy Ellen

1993-01-01

Full Text Available No Brasil existem poucas informações sobre o aborto provocado e suas características na população. A dificuldade em se obter dados confiáveis deve-se: à sua ilegalidade, e também ao fato de que a maioria dos estudos é realizada em hospitais. Assim, em 1990, foi realizada pesquisa entre alunas da graduação e funcionárias de uma universidade brasileira. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionário, auto-respondido, para devolução por correio, anonimamente. Os resultados apresentados referem-se à freqüência do aborto provocado nesta população. Encontrou-se que quatro vezes menos alunas do que funcionárias tinham engravidado alguma vez (15% e 65%; 9% das alunas e 14% das funcionárias tiveram aborto provocado. Entre as mulheres que engravidaram alguma vez, as alunas tiveram mais aborto provocado do que as funcionárias (59% e 20%. Quando controladas por grupo etário as diferenças entre as alunas e funcionárias mantiveram-se. Entretanto, entre as alunas, o aborto provocado foi mais freqüente entre as mais jovens.

A model for projectile fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaudhuri, G; Mallik, S; Gupta, S Das

2013-01-01

A model for projectile fragmentation is developed whose origin can be traced back to the Bevalac era. The model positions itself between the phenomenological EPAX parametrization and transport models like 'Heavy Ion Phase Space Exploration' (HIPSE) model and antisymmetrised molecular dynamics (AMD) model. A very simple impact parameter dependence of input temperature is incorporated in the model which helps to analyze the more peripheral collisions. The model is applied to calculate the charge, isotopic distributions, average number of intermediate mass fragments and the average size of largest cluster at different Z bound of different projectile fragmentation reactions at different energies.

A ABEn e a preservação da memória profissional: implantação do Centro de Memória da Enfermagem Brasileira

OpenAIRE

Santos, Tânia Cristina Franco

2013-01-01

Estudo histórico-social, que objetivou analisar e discutir a importância do Centro de Memória da Enfermagem Brasileira para preservação e divulgação da memória profissional. Utilizou-se como fontes de dados o documentário Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem: 1926-1976, além do Projeto de Implantação e do Relatório Técnico do Acervo Documental e Fônico do Centro de Memória, ambos arquivados no referido Centro. Os dados, coletados em junho de 2013, foram submetidos a crítica externa e interna, ...

Hemocromatose hereditária: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

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SOUZA Aécio Flávio Meirelles de

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Racional - A hemocromatose hereditária associada ao gene HFE é a doença hepática hereditária mais comum nas populações caucasianas e refere-se à associação de estoques aumentados de ferro com um dano tissular progressivo (como por exemplo, cirrose hepática, diabetes mellitus, cardiomiopatia, quando o diagnóstico e o tratamento são tardios. Objetivos - É apresentado o caso de uma paciente de 44 anos portadora de hemocromatose hereditária assintomática, cujo diagnóstico foi feito a partir da detecção casual de alterações na cinética do ferro. Apresenta-se, também, uma breve revisão da literatura sobre a doença. Conclusão - A existência de métodos diagnósticos capazes de identificar a doença antes que surjam suas complicações e a possibilidade de terapêutica efetiva que permita evitar as suas manifestações, tornam a hemocromatose hereditária entidade ideal para profilaxia primária, alterando completamente a sua história natural.

Tecnologia, experiência e memória

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aécio Amaral Jr

2006-10-01

Full Text Available O artigo investiga a estruturação de uma nova cultura de memória, a qual inverte a lógica metafísica com que se pensou a relação entre tecnologia e experiência nas ciências sociais. Com as recentes tecnologias da vida e da informação, a concepção do corpo humano como algo que se constitui à margem de um aparato tecnológico declina em credibilidade. Com isso, um dos principais projetos da metafísica ocidental, a saber, a estruturação de um campo de experiência e conhecimento livre de suportes técnicos, malogra em seu humanismo tecnofóbico. A partir de uma apreciação do conto Memento Mori, de Jonathan Nolan, e do filme Amnésia, de Christopher Nolan, analiso a relação entre memória e escritura, corpo e arquivo na contemporaneidade. O objetivo é perceber as tensões e oscilações implícitas na tentativa de instauração de uma mnemotécnica pretensamente pós-humana ou pós-orgânica. Palavras-chave: tecnologia; experiência; memória; humanismo; pós-humanismo.

Anisotropy in highly charged ion induced molecule fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Juhasz, Z.; Sulik, B.; Fremont, F.; Chesnel, J.Y.; Hajaji, A.

2006-01-01

Complete text of publication follows. Studying fragmentation processes of biologically relevant molecules due to highly charged ion impact is important to understand radiation damage in biological tissues. Energy spectra of the charged molecule fragments may reveal the different fragmentation patterns meanwhile the angular distributions of the fragments characterize the dependence of fragmentation probability on the initial orientation of the molecule. The research to explore the angular distribution of the molecule fragments has only recently been started[1]. In 2006 we performed measurements at ARIBE facility at GANIL, Caen (France), in order to investigate orientation effects in molecule fragmentation. Fragmentation of H 2 O, C 6 H 6 and CH 4 , which represent different level of symmetry, have been studied by 60 keV N 6+ ion impact. Energy spectra of the charged fragments at different observation angles have been taken. As our example spectra show the different protonic peaks can be attributed to different fragmentation processes. Significant anisotropy can be seen in the different processes. The strongest evidence for the anisotropy can be seen in the spectra of C 6 H 6 , where the spectra appear isotropic in almost the whole observed energy range except one peak, which has a strong angular dependence and is maximal around 90 deg. (author)

Gênero, etnia e movimentos sociais na história da educação

OpenAIRE

Forde, Gustavo Henrique Araújo; Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo

2013-01-01

FRANCO, Sebastião Pimentel; SÁ, Nicanor Palhares (Org.). Gênero, etnia e movimentos sociais nahistória da educação. Vitória – ES: EDUFES, 2011.(Coleção Horizontes da pesquisa em História daEducação no Brasil, 9).

Absolute fragmentation cross sections in atom-molecule collisions: Scaling laws for non-statistical fragmentation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, T.; Gatchell, M.; Stockett, M. H.; Alexander, J. D.; Schmidt, H. T.; Cederquist, H.; Zettergren, H., E-mail: henning@fysik.su.se [Department of Physics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden); Zhang, Y. [Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow (Russian Federation); Rousseau, P.; Maclot, S.; Delaunay, R.; Adoui, L. [CIMAP, UMR 6252, CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, bd Henri Becquerel, BP 5133, F-14070 Caen Cedex 05 (France); Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, F-14032 Caen (France); Domaracka, A.; Huber, B. A. [CIMAP, UMR 6252, CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, bd Henri Becquerel, BP 5133, F-14070 Caen Cedex 05 (France); Schlathölter, T. [Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen (Netherlands)

2014-06-14

We present scaling laws for absolute cross sections for non-statistical fragmentation in collisions between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH/PAH{sup +}) and hydrogen or helium atoms with kinetic energies ranging from 50 eV to 10 keV. Further, we calculate the total fragmentation cross sections (including statistical fragmentation) for 110 eV PAH/PAH{sup +} + He collisions, and show that they compare well with experimental results. We demonstrate that non-statistical fragmentation becomes dominant for large PAHs and that it yields highly reactive fragments forming strong covalent bonds with atoms (H and N) and molecules (C{sub 6}H{sub 5}). Thus nonstatistical fragmentation may be an effective initial step in the formation of, e.g., Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles (PANHs). This relates to recent discussions on the evolution of PAHNs in space and the reactivities of defect graphene structures.

Caminhos da História Social: diálogos com Alessadro Portelli

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Antonio de Pádua Bosi

2007-06-01

Full Text Available This article discusses some points about Social History, Memory and Oral Interview, debated on “Seminário Interinstitutional Caminhos da História Social: diálogos sobre memórias, fontes orais e perspectivas de investigação” happened at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia in joint with seniors and junior researchers of the “Linha de Pesquisa Trabalho e Movimentos Sociais”, linked to “Programa de Mestrado em História da UNIOESTE”.

Remarks about the hypothesis of limiting fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chou, T.T.; Yang, C.N.

1987-01-01

Remarks are made about the hypothesis of limiting fragmentation. In particular, the concept of favored and disfavored fragment distribution is introduced. Also, a sum rule is proved leading to a useful quantity called energy-fragmentation fraction. (author). 11 refs, 1 fig., 2 tabs

Polarization and alignment of nucleus fission fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barabanov, A.L.; Grechukhin, D.P.

1987-01-01

Correlation of fragment orientation with orientation axis of fissile nucleus and with n-vector f vector of fragment divergence is considered. Estimations of polarization and alignment of fission fragments of preliminarily oriented nuclei in correlation (with n-vector f recording) and integral (with n-vector f averaging) experiments were conducted. It is shown that high sensitivity of polarization and fragment alignment to the character of nucleus movement at the stage of descent from barrier to rupture point exists

Nuclear energy release from fragmentation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Cheng [The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China); Beijing Radiation Center, Beijing 100875 (China); Souza, S.R. [Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária, Caixa Postal 68528, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Tsang, M.B. [The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China); Beijing Radiation Center, Beijing 100875 (China); National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Physics and Astronomy Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Zhang, Feng-Shou, E-mail: fszhang@bnu.edu.cn [The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (China); Beijing Radiation Center, Beijing 100875 (China); Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou, Lanzhou 730000 (China)

2016-08-15

It is well known that binary fission occurs with positive energy gain. In this article we examine the energetics of splitting uranium and thorium isotopes into various numbers of fragments (from two to eight) with nearly equal size. We find that the energy released by splitting {sup 230,232}Th and {sup 235,238}U into three equal size fragments is largest. The statistical multifragmentation model (SMM) is applied to calculate the probability of different breakup channels for excited nuclei. By weighing the probability distributions of fragment multiplicity at different excitation energies, we find the peaks of energy release for {sup 230,232}Th and {sup 235,238}U are around 0.7–0.75 MeV/u at excitation energy between 1.2 and 2 MeV/u in the primary breakup process. Taking into account the secondary de-excitation processes of primary fragments with the GEMINI code, these energy peaks fall to about 0.45 MeV/u.

The evaluation of some thermodynamic parameters by RIA method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dorobantu, I. I.; Cucu Delia-Irina

2001-01-01

The present paper evaluates some of thermodynamic parameters by using RIA (radioimmunoassay) method. The RIA systems studied were: 1) antiprogesterone antibody-progesterone- 3 H; 2) antiprogesterone antibody-progesterone- 125 I. The antigen (progesterone) was labelled with 3 H, in the first case, and 125 I in the second one (progesterone- 125 I was progesterone-6-S-CH 2 -CO-histamine- 125 I). RIA reactions were developed at two temperatures: 277 K and 296 K. Samples of antiprogesterone antibodies and labelled progesterone were incubated with different amounts of unlabeled progesterone. The immune complex was precipitated after reaching the chemical equilibrium and its radioactivity measured at γ-counter. By the radioactive measurements, the affinity constants (K S ) were estimated. The values of the affinity constants were used to estimate the thermodynamic parameters of the systems, such as: enthalpy (ΔH), Gibbs energy (ΔG) and entropy (ΔS). (authors)

The activity of the anti-apoptotic fragment generated by the caspase-3/p120 RasGAP stress-sensing module displays strict Akt isoform specificity.

Science.gov (United States)

Vanli, Güliz; Peltzer, Nieves; Dubuis, Gilles; Widmann, Christian

2014-12-01

The caspase-3/p120 RasGAP module acts as a stress sensor that promotes pro-survival or pro-death signaling depending on the intensity and the duration of the stressful stimuli. Partial cleavage of p120 RasGAP generates a fragment, called fragment N, which protects stressed cells by activating Akt signaling. Akt family members regulate many cellular processes including proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis and metabolism. These cellular processes are regulated by three distinct Akt isoforms: Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3. However, which of these isoforms are required for fragment N mediated protection have not been defined. In this study, we investigated the individual contribution of each isoform in fragment N-mediated cell protection against Fas ligand induced cell death. To this end, DLD1 and HCT116 isogenic cell lines lacking specific Akt isoforms were used. It was found that fragment N could activate Akt1 and Akt2 but that only the former could mediate the protective activity of the RasGAP-derived fragment. Even overexpression of Akt2 or Akt3 could not rescue the inability of fragment N to protect cells lacking Akt1. These results demonstrate a strict Akt isoform requirement for the anti-apoptotic activity of fragment N. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dihadron fragmentation function and its evolution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Majumder, A.; Wang Xinnian

2004-01-01

Dihadron fragmentation functions and their evolution are studied in the process of e + e - annihilation. Under the collinear factorization approximation and facilitated by the cut-vertex technique, the two hadron inclusive cross section at leading order is shown to factorize into a short distance parton cross section and a long distance dihadron fragmentation function. We provide the definition of such a dihadron fragmentation function in terms of parton matrix elements and derive its Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi evolution equation at leading log. The evolution equation for the nonsinglet quark fragmentation function is solved numerically with a simple ansatz for the initial condition and results are presented for cases of physical interest

SCEDS: protein fragments for molecular replacement in Phaser

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McCoy, Airlie J., E-mail: ajm201@cam.ac.uk [University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY (United Kingdom); Nicholls, Robert A. [MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH (United Kingdom); Schneider, Thomas R. [Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg (Germany); University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY (United Kingdom)

2013-11-01

Protein fragments suitable for use in molecular replacement can be generated by normal-mode perturbation, analysis of the difference distance matrix of the original versus normal-mode perturbed structures, and SCEDS, a score that measures the sphericity, continuity, equality and density of the resulting fragments. A method is described for generating protein fragments suitable for use as molecular-replacement (MR) template models. The template model for a protein suspected to undergo a conformational change is perturbed along combinations of low-frequency normal modes of the elastic network model. The unperturbed structure is then compared with each perturbed structure in turn and the structurally invariant regions are identified by analysing the difference distance matrix. These fragments are scored with SCEDS, which is a combined measure of the sphericity of the fragments, the continuity of the fragments with respect to the polypeptide chain, the equality in number of atoms in the fragments and the density of C{sup α} atoms in the triaxial ellipsoid of the fragment extents. The fragment divisions with the highest SCEDS are then used as separate template models for MR. Test cases show that where the protein contains fragments that undergo a change in juxtaposition between template model and target, SCEDS can identify fragments that lead to a lower R factor after ten cycles of all-atom refinement with REFMAC5 than the original template structure. The method has been implemented in the software Phaser.

SCEDS: protein fragments for molecular replacement in Phaser

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McCoy, Airlie J.; Nicholls, Robert A.; Schneider, Thomas R.

2013-01-01

Protein fragments suitable for use in molecular replacement can be generated by normal-mode perturbation, analysis of the difference distance matrix of the original versus normal-mode perturbed structures, and SCEDS, a score that measures the sphericity, continuity, equality and density of the resulting fragments. A method is described for generating protein fragments suitable for use as molecular-replacement (MR) template models. The template model for a protein suspected to undergo a conformational change is perturbed along combinations of low-frequency normal modes of the elastic network model. The unperturbed structure is then compared with each perturbed structure in turn and the structurally invariant regions are identified by analysing the difference distance matrix. These fragments are scored with SCEDS, which is a combined measure of the sphericity of the fragments, the continuity of the fragments with respect to the polypeptide chain, the equality in number of atoms in the fragments and the density of C α atoms in the triaxial ellipsoid of the fragment extents. The fragment divisions with the highest SCEDS are then used as separate template models for MR. Test cases show that where the protein contains fragments that undergo a change in juxtaposition between template model and target, SCEDS can identify fragments that lead to a lower R factor after ten cycles of all-atom refinement with REFMAC5 than the original template structure. The method has been implemented in the software Phaser

Descrição da artéria celíaca em pombos domésticos (Columba livia

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Marcelo Ismar Santana

2012-03-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n2p125 O presente estudo objetivou definir a origem e a distribuição da artéria celíaca e de seus ramos colaterais em 15 aves da espécie Columba livia, cedidas pelo Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Brasília. Com a finalidade de marcar o sistema arterial dos espécimes, o tronco braquiocefálico esquerdo foi canulado e injetado com solução aquosa de látex corado. Posteriormente, procedeu-se a fixação das aves com solução aquosa de formol 10% e a dissecação com instrumentos adequados, obtendo-se os resultados a seguir. A artéria celíaca originou-se da face ventral da aorta descendente. O primeiro ramo colateral surgiu da própria artéria celíaca, constituindo a artéria esofágica. Posteriormente, artéria celíaca se bifurcou em dois ramos, denominados ramo esquerdo da artéria celíaca e ramo direito da artéria celíaca. O ramo esquerdo emitiu a artéria proventricular ventral, seguida das artérias esplênicas, da artéria proventricular dorsal e da artéria hepática esquerda. Por fim, o ramo esquerdo se bifurcou, originando as artérias gástricas ventral e esquerda. O ramo direito emitiu a artéria hepática direita, seguida da artéria ileal e da artéria gástrica direita. Por fim, o ramo direito prosseguiu como artéria pancreaticoduodenal. Os achados deste trabalho apresentaram grande similaridade com as linhagens de aves da espécie Gallus gallus, exceto pela ausência da artéria ileocecal, de ramos císticos e da artéria gástrica dorsal.

Imunidade tributária : perspectivas da imunidade religiosa

OpenAIRE

Jackson Urquiza da Costa e Silva

2012-01-01

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir os limites e as perspectivas da imunidade tributária religiosa prevista na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. Antes de discutir-se a essência dessa questão, fez-se uma breve passagem histórica da evolução da imunidade tributária, desde seu surgimento no império romano ao estado moderno; e especificamente no Brasil, desde os tempos como colônia de Portugal à Constituição de 1988. Após serem fixados os critérios informadores da ...

Evolution equations for extended dihadron fragmentation functions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ceccopieri, F.A.; Bacchetta, A.

2007-03-01

We consider dihadron fragmentation functions, describing the fragmentation of a parton in two unpolarized hadrons, and in particular extended dihadron fragmentation functions, explicitly dependent on the invariant mass, M h , of the hadron pair. We first rederive the known results on M h -integrated functions using Jet Calculus techniques, and then we present the evolution equations for extended dihadron fragmentation functions. Our results are relevant for the analysis of experimental measurements of two-particle-inclusive processes at different energies. (orig.)

Coastal Human Actions on Natural Morph-dynamics around RIA of FOZ (NW Spain). Risk Analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Diez, J. Javier; Veiga, Efren M.; Rodriguez, Fernando

2015-04-01

This work approaches the natural littoral processes and their changes induced by human activities around the Cantabrian RIA of FOZ (Galicia, NW Spain). Ria is a specific Spanish term for referring the estuary figured on the sea flooded mouth of a river valley. Although located in Galicia the RIA of FOZ is a Cantabrian Ria. The "Cantabrian rias" clearly differ from the "Galician rias" in their lower degree of tectonic complexity, in their smaller dimensions and in their more advanced current state of infilling (Diez, 1996). While Galician is a Pacific coast Cantabrian was generated as a mainly Atlantic coast. The sedimentary deposits of the Cantabrian rias are mainly from marine origin, being from fluvial origin (Asensio, 1979) just the finest components. The predominant Cantabrian littoral transport goes eastwards and, as consequence of it, the sedimentary littoral spits closing the mouths in coasts normally grow in the same sense. But there are many cases, like in the Ria of Foz, where the spit progresses in an apparent westwards atypical way. This work shows that it is due to combined wind wave phenomena of refraction, diffraction and reflection, which will be detailed. But the human activities interfere in these natural processes. Different port constructions have been made in the Ria of Foz from 1931 to 1977. Their final effects in the morph-dynamics obligate to introduce one construction for regenerate the spit in 1986. The performance, effectiveness and impact of all these port constructions are studied in detail and what are their influences in natural processes for finally applying this knowledge in risks management. Keywords: Rias, Littoral processes, Coastal morph-dynamics, Human induced driving, Risk management.

Quantitative experimental modelling of fragmentation during explosive volcanism

Science.gov (United States)

Thordén Haug, Ø.; Galland, O.; Gisler, G.

2012-04-01

Phreatomagmatic eruptions results from the violent interaction between magma and an external source of water, such as ground water or a lake. This interaction causes fragmentation of the magma and/or the host rock, resulting in coarse-grained (lapilli) to very fine-grained (ash) material. The products of phreatomagmatic explosions are classically described by their fragment size distribution, which commonly follows power laws of exponent D. Such descriptive approach, however, considers the final products only and do not provide information on the dynamics of fragmentation. The aim of this contribution is thus to address the following fundamental questions. What are the physics that govern fragmentation processes? How fragmentation occurs through time? What are the mechanisms that produce power law fragment size distributions? And what are the scaling laws that control the exponent D? To address these questions, we performed a quantitative experimental study. The setup consists of a Hele-Shaw cell filled with a layer of cohesive silica flour, at the base of which a pulse of pressurized air is injected, leading to fragmentation of the layer of flour. The fragmentation process is monitored through time using a high-speed camera. By varying systematically the air pressure (P) and the thickness of the flour layer (h) we observed two morphologies of fragmentation: "lift off" where the silica flour above the injection inlet is ejected upwards, and "channeling" where the air pierces through the layer along sub-vertical conduit. By building a phase diagram, we show that the morphology is controlled by P/dgh, where d is the density of the flour and g is the gravitational acceleration. To quantify the fragmentation process, we developed a Matlab image analysis program, which calculates the number and sizes of the fragments, and so the fragment size distribution, during the experiments. The fragment size distributions are in general described by power law distributions of

Informação e conhecimento na economia solidária

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Angel Freddy Godoy Viera

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. O estudo busca identificar como a questão da informação e do conhecimento é abordada em Economia Solidária (ES de forma a identificar as necessidades e problemas relacionados. Método. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos foi realizada pesquisa quantitativa bibliográfica com amostra composta por 60 artigos revisados por pares recuperados na base SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online com as palavras-chave Economia Solidária no título. A pesquisa relaciona as frequências dos termos informação e conhecimento com 14 classes de interesse e objeto de estudo da Ciência da Informação. Resultados. Foram identificados os autores que mais citam a informação e o conhecimento em suas publicações, bem como os períodicos mais relevantes para a área e os problemas mais recorrentes em relação à informação e ao conhecimento na Economia Solidária, em conformidade com a amostra e os procedimentos metodológicos. Ao final é apresentada tabela que aponta formas de atuação possíveis pelos profissionais da informação frente à Economia Solidária. Conclusões. Conclui que a informação e o conhecimento são fundamentais para a Economia Solidária, mas que muitas carências são básicas e que o tipo de informação mais relevante para a Economia Solidária é a informação para a tomada de decisão coletiva.

Impact failure and fragmentation properties of metals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grady, D.E. [Applied Research Associates, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Kipp, M.E. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)

1998-03-01

In the present study we describe the development of an experimental fracture material property test method specific to dynamic fragmentation. Spherical test samples of the metals of interest are subjected to controlled impulsive stress loads by acceleration to high velocities with a light-gas launcher facility and subsequent normal impact on thin plates. Motion, deformation and fragmentation of the test samples are diagnosed with multiple flash radiography methods. The impact plate materials are selected to be transparent to the x-ray method so that only test metal material is imaged. Through a systematic series of such tests both strain-to-failure and fragmentation resistance properties are determined through this experimental method. Fragmentation property data for several steels, copper, aluminum, tantalum and titanium have been obtained to date. Aspects of the dynamic data have been analyzed with computational methods to achieve a better understanding of the processes leading to failure and fragmentation, and to test an existing computational fragmentation model.

Predicting "Hot" and "Warm" Spots for Fragment Binding.

Science.gov (United States)

Rathi, Prakash Chandra; Ludlow, R Frederick; Hall, Richard J; Murray, Christopher W; Mortenson, Paul N; Verdonk, Marcel L

2017-05-11

Computational fragment mapping methods aim to predict hotspots on protein surfaces where small fragments will bind. Such methods are popular for druggability assessment as well as structure-based design. However, to date researchers developing or using such tools have had no clear way of assessing the performance of these methods. Here, we introduce the first diverse, high quality validation set for computational fragment mapping. The set contains 52 diverse examples of fragment binding "hot" and "warm" spots from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Additionally, we describe PLImap, a novel protocol for fragment mapping based on the Protein-Ligand Informatics force field (PLIff). We evaluate PLImap against the new fragment mapping test set, and compare its performance to that of simple shape-based algorithms and fragment docking using GOLD. PLImap is made publicly available from https://bitbucket.org/AstexUK/pli .

Memória Afetiva e Memória Histórica nas Crônicas de Rubem Braga

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Priscila Rosa Martins

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Consagrado pela escrita da crônica, pela qual se tornou referência do gênero no Brasil, Rubem Braga ocupou grande parte de sua vida registrando o cotidiano. Este trabalho apresenta uma leitura de sete crônicas do escritor que retratam cenas da cidade. Com respaldo nos textos “Culturas híbridas, poderes oblíquos”, de Néstor García Canclini (2008, e “Tempo e Espaço”, de Zygmunt Bauman (2001, trazemos alguns questionamentos provindos dos estudos acerca da pós-modernidade, no que diz respeito à abordagem do espaço público, para propor uma diferenciação entre memória histórica e memória afetiva na obra de Braga.

FONTES PRIMÁRIAS: SABERES EM MOVIMENTO

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CAMPOS Edson Nascimento

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata as fontes primárias à luz de uma epistemologia que submete a investigação e a pesquisa à ação desconstrutora dos sujeitos: as fontes, por isso, saem da posição de "ponto primacial" para a de "ponto relacional". E, aí, a linguagem se transforma em relação de intertextualidade, pois a contradição marca o sentido da interdependência e, nisso, a significação põe a força da instabilidade na relação do sujeito com o objeto. Este, aliás, aberto à abordagem múltipla do real, integra a relação de interdisciplinaridade, e, assim, vêm surgindo, por exemplo, explicações iluminadoras com as articulações de Educação, Pedagogia, Linguagem, História.

A rota como memória

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Patrick Fraysse

Full Text Available No contexto de estudo do patrimônio por um ponto de vista comunicacional, este artigo permitiu-nos visualisar um objeto de comunicação por excelência « a estrada » como portador de informação a decifrar e a interpretar um documento, mas também como um repositário da memória coletiva, quer dizer um monumento. Paralelamente, a patrimonialização dos monumentos, dos conjuntos arquiteturais e sobretudo dos itinerários que os religam, dito de outra maneira, da estrada, assim como a sua documentarização (relatos de viagens, guias, bancos de dados participam de uma nova institucionalização da memória integrante também das estradas míticas como o caminho de São Tiago na França ou a famosa estrada 66 nos Estados-Unidos.

Scaling and critical behaviour in nuclear fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campi, X.

1990-09-01

These notes review recent results on nuclear fragmentation. An analysis of experimental data from exclusive experiments is made in the framework of modern theories of fragmentation of finite size objects. We discuss the existence of a critical regime of fragmentation and the relevance of scaling and finite size scaling

The politics of municipal fragmentation in Ghana

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Abdulai Kuyini Mohammed

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The scholarly debate over the rival merits of local government consolidation and fragmentation is an old but enduring one. However, in this debate very little attention has been focused on the political dimension of council amalgamation and fragmentation – yet political considerations play a central role in both the formulation and outcomes of de-concentration policy. The purpose of this article is to fill a gap in the literature by examining local government fragmentation in Ghana from 1988 to 2014. The article does this by identifying the key players and analysing their interests and gains, as well as the tensions arising from the fragmentation exercise. The implications from the Ghanaian case for more general theories of fragmentation are drawn out.

Caraterização dos utentes das consultas de periodontologia na Clínica Dentária Universitária Egas Moniz

OpenAIRE

Afonso, André Filipe Rodrigues

2016-01-01

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz Objetivo: caraterizar os utentes das consultas de periodontologia da clínica dentária universitária Egas Moniz, procurando identificar os fatores de risco mais associados à doença periodontal (DP) desta população. Material e método: estudo observacional, analítico e transversal, efetuado numa amostra de conveniência de 150 utentes das consultas de periodontologia, aos quais se aplicou previ...

Heart Rate Fragmentation: A Symbolic Dynamical Approach

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Madalena D. Costa

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Background: We recently introduced the concept of heart rate fragmentation along with a set of metrics for its quantification. The term was coined to refer to an increase in the percentage of changes in heart rate acceleration sign, a dynamical marker of a type of anomalous variability. The effort was motivated by the observation that fragmentation, which is consistent with the breakdown of the neuroautonomic-electrophysiologic control system of the sino-atrial node, could confound traditional short-term analysis of heart rate variability.Objective: The objectives of this study were to: (1 introduce a symbolic dynamical approach to the problem of quantifying heart rate fragmentation; (2 evaluate how the distribution of the different dynamical patterns (“words” varied with the participants' age in a group of healthy subjects and patients with coronary artery disease (CAD; and (3 quantify the differences in the fragmentation patterns between the two sample populations.Methods: The symbolic dynamical method employed here was based on a ternary map of the increment NN interval time series and on the analysis of the relative frequency of symbolic sequences (words with a pre-defined set of features. We analyzed annotated, open-access Holter databases of healthy subjects and patients with CAD, provided by the University of Rochester Telemetric and Holter ECG Warehouse (THEW.Results: The degree of fragmentation was significantly higher in older individuals than in their younger counterparts. However, the fragmentation patterns were different in the two sample populations. In healthy subjects, older age was significantly associated with a higher percentage of transitions from acceleration/deceleration to zero acceleration and vice versa (termed “soft” inflection points. In patients with CAD, older age was also significantly associated with higher percentages of frank reversals in heart rate acceleration (transitions from acceleration to

A review of experiments and computer analyses on RIAs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jernkvist, L.O.; Massih, A.R.; In de Betou, J.

2010-01-01

Reactivity initiated accidents (RIAs) are nuclear reactor accidents that involve an unwanted increase in fission rate and reactor power. Reactivity initiated accidents in power reactors may occur as a result of reactor control system failures, control element ejections or events caused by rapid changes in temperature or pressure of the coolant/moderator. our current understanding of reactivity initiated accidents and their consequences is based largely on three sources of information: 1) best-estimate computer analyses of the reactor response to postulated accident scenarios, 2) pulse-irradiation tests on instrumented fuel rodlets, carried out in research reactors, 3) out-of-pile separate effect tests, targeted to explore key phenomena under RIA conditions. In recent years, we have reviewed, compiled and analysed these 3 categories of data. The results is a state-of-the-art report on fuel behaviour under RIA conditions, which is currently being published by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. The purpose of this paper is to give a brief summary of this report

Baculovirus display of functional antibody Fab fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Takada, Shinya; Ogawa, Takafumi; Matsui, Kazusa; Suzuki, Tasuku; Katsuda, Tomohisa; Yamaji, Hideki

2015-08-01

The generation of a recombinant baculovirus that displays antibody Fab fragments on the surface was investigated. A recombinant baculovirus was engineered so that the heavy chain (Hc; Fd fragment) of a mouse Fab fragment was expressed as a fusion to the N-terminus of baculovirus gp64, while the light chain of the Fab fragment was simultaneously expressed as a secretory protein. Following infection of Sf9 insect cells with the recombinant baculovirus, the culture supernatant was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using antigen-coated microplates and either an anti-mouse IgG or an anti-gp64 antibody. A relatively strong signal was obtained in each case, showing antigen-binding activity in the culture supernatant. In western blot analysis of the culture supernatant using the anti-gp64 antibody, specific protein bands were detected at an electrophoretic mobility that coincided with the molecular weight of the Hc-gp64 fusion protein as well as that of gp64. Flow cytometry using a fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibody specific to mouse IgG successfully detected the Fab fragments on the surface of the Sf9 cells. These results suggest that immunologically functional antibody Fab fragments can be displayed on the surface of baculovirus particles, and that a fluorescence-activated cell sorter with a fluorescence-labeled antigen can isolate baculoviruses displaying specific Fab fragments. This successful baculovirus display of antibody Fab fragments may offer a novel approach for the efficient selection of specific antibodies.

Molten aluminum alloy fuel fragmentation experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gabor, J.D.; Purviance, R.T.; Cassulo, J.C.; Spencer, B.W.

1992-01-01

Experiments were conducted in which molten aluminum alloys were injected into a 1.2 m deep pool of water. The parameters varied were (i) injectant material (8001 aluminum alloy and 12.3 wt% U-87.7 wt% Al), (ii) melt superheat (O to 50 K), (iii) water temperature (313, 343 and 373 K) and (iv) size and geometry of the pour stream (5, 10 and 20 mm diameter circular and 57 mm annular). The pour stream fragmentation was dominated by surface tension with large particles (∼30 mm) being formed from varicose wave breakup of the 10-mm circular pours and from the annular flow off a 57 mm diameter tube. The fragments produced by the 5 mm circular et were smaller (∼ mm), and the 20 mm jet which underwent sinuous wave breakup produced ∼100 mm fragments. The fragments froze to form solid particles in 313 K water, and when the water was ≥343 K, the melt fragments did not freeze during their transit through 1.2 m of water

Simulations of High Speed Fragment Trajectories

Science.gov (United States)

Yeh, Peter; Attaway, Stephen; Arunajatesan, Srinivasan; Fisher, Travis

2017-11-01

Flying shrapnel from an explosion are capable of traveling at supersonic speeds and distances much farther than expected due to aerodynamic interactions. Predicting the trajectories and stable tumbling modes of arbitrary shaped fragments is a fundamental problem applicable to range safety calculations, damage assessment, and military technology. Traditional approaches rely on characterizing fragment flight using a single drag coefficient, which may be inaccurate for fragments with large aspect ratios. In our work we develop a procedure to simulate trajectories of arbitrary shaped fragments with higher fidelity using high performance computing. We employ a two-step approach in which the force and moment coefficients are first computed as a function of orientation using compressible computational fluid dynamics. The force and moment data are then input into a six-degree-of-freedom rigid body dynamics solver to integrate trajectories in time. Results of these high fidelity simulations allow us to further understand the flight dynamics and tumbling modes of a single fragment. Furthermore, we use these results to determine the validity and uncertainty of inexpensive methods such as the single drag coefficient model.

Microstructural characterization of pipe bomb fragments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gregory, Otto; Oxley, Jimmie; Smith, James; Platek, Michael; Ghonem, Hamouda; Bernier, Evan; Downey, Markus; Cumminskey, Christopher

2010-01-01

Recovered pipe bomb fragments, exploded under controlled conditions, have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy and microhardness. Specifically, this paper examines the microstructural changes in plain carbon-steel fragments collected after the controlled explosion of galvanized, schedule 40, continuously welded, steel pipes filled with various smokeless powders. A number of microstructural changes were observed in the recovered pipe fragments: deformation of the soft alpha-ferrite grains, deformation of pearlite colonies, twin formation, bands of distorted pearlite colonies, slip bands, and cross-slip bands. These microstructural changes were correlated with the relative energy of the smokeless powder fillers. The energy of the smokeless powder was reflected in a reduction in thickness of the pipe fragments (due to plastic strain prior to fracture) and an increase in microhardness. Moreover, within fragments from a single pipe, there was a radial variation in microhardness, with the microhardness at the outer wall being greater than that at the inner wall. These findings were consistent with the premise that, with the high energy fillers, extensive plastic deformation and wall thinning occurred prior to pipe fracture. Ultimately, the information collected from this investigation will be used to develop a database, where the fragment microstructure and microhardness will be correlated with type of explosive filler and bomb design. Some analyses, specifically wall thinning and microhardness, may aid in field characterization of explosive devices.

Cryobiology of coral fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Hagedorn, Mary; Farrell, Ann; Carter, Virginia L

2013-02-01

Around the world, coral reefs are dying due to human influences, and saving habitat alone may not stop this destruction. This investigation focused on the biological processes that will provide the first steps in understanding the cryobiology of whole coral fragments. Coral fragments are a partnership of coral tissue and endosymbiotic algae, Symbiodinium sp., commonly called zooxanthellae. These data reflected their separate sensitivities to chilling and a cryoprotectant (dimethyl sulfoxide) for the coral Pocillopora damicornis, as measured by tissue loss and Pulse Amplitude Modulated fluorometry 3weeks post-treatment. Five cryoprotectant treatments maintained the viability of the coral tissue and zooxanthellae at control values (1M dimethyl sulfoxide at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0h exposures, and 1.5M dimethyl sulfoxide at 1.0 and 1.5h exposures, P>0.05, ANOVA), whereas 2M concentrations did not (Pzooxanthellae. During the winter when the fragments were chilled, the coral tissue remained relatively intact (∼25% loss) post-treatment, but the zooxanthellae numbers in the tissue declined after 5min of chilling (Pzooxanthellae numbers declined in response to chilling alone (P0.05, ANOVA), but it did not protect against the loss of zooxanthellae (Pzooxanthellae are the most sensitive element in the coral fragment complex and future cryopreservation protocols must be guided by their greater sensitivity. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

História e memória da Revolução Farroupilha: breve genealogia do mito

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jocelito Zalla

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste texto é apresentar um panorama das manifestações em torno da Revolução Farroupilha, desde o próprio episódio até sua consolidação como mito fundador da identidade regional no Rio Grande do Sul. Debatendo momentos importantes desse processo, como o da refração à memória sobre o evento, o de sua apropriação política pelo projeto republicano, sua reabilitação pela memória histórica e sua ritualização pelo tradicionalismo gaúcho, propõe-se reconstituir analiticamente a fixação do fato como patrimônio simbólico coeso e múltiplo, suficientemente elástico para pautar conflitos internos e tensões entre o estado e o centro do Brasil.

O funcionamento de tipologias discursivas em livros didáticos de história The operation of discursive typologies in history textbooks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raquel Alvarenga Sena Venera

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo é parte dos resultados da pesquisa de doutorado intitulada Discursos educacionais na construção das subjetividades cidadãs e implicações no ensino de História: um jazz possível, cujo objetivo específico era analisar a operacionalização dos discursos educacionais pós-abertura política nos livros didáticos de História indicados para os anos finais do ensino fundamental, pelo Guia do Livro Didático 2005. A pesquisa privilegiou metodologicamente a análise do discurso, AD, da corrente francesa, e, dessa forma, possibilitou perceber o funcionamento discursivo de duas cole��ões de livros didáticos mais escolhidas pelos professores do município de Itajaí, SC - as coleções Nova História Crítica, de autoria de Mario Furley Schimidt, publicada pela editora Nova Geração, e História & Vida Integrada, de autoria de Nelson Piletti e Claudino Piletti, da editora Ática. Por caminhos diferentes, os livros didáticos fazem funcionar sentidos de democracia, de cidadania e de regulação dos sentidos das subjetividades em processo.This article is part of the results of a doctoral research entitled "Education Discourses in the construction of subjectivities of citizenship and implications in the Teaching of History: a possible jazz", whose specific aim was to examine the operation of educational discourses, after the political liberalization policy, in the History textbooks indicated for the final years of fundamental education by the Textbook Guide-2005. The research methodology focused on the Discourse Analysis, AD, the French line, and this way enabled the understanding of the discursive operation of the two textbook collections most chosen by teachers in the municipality of Itajaí, state of Santa Catarina: "Nova História Crítical", by Mário Furley Schimidt, published by Editora Nova Geração; and "História & Vida Integrada", authored by Nelson Piletti and Claudino Piletti, Attica publishers. Through different

MaRaCluster: A Fragment Rarity Metric for Clustering Fragment Spectra in Shotgun Proteomics.

Science.gov (United States)

The, Matthew; Käll, Lukas

2016-03-04

Shotgun proteomics experiments generate large amounts of fragment spectra as primary data, normally with high redundancy between and within experiments. Here, we have devised a clustering technique to identify fragment spectra stemming from the same species of peptide. This is a powerful alternative method to traditional search engines for analyzing spectra, specifically useful for larger scale mass spectrometry studies. As an aid in this process, we propose a distance calculation relying on the rarity of experimental fragment peaks, following the intuition that peaks shared by only a few spectra offer more evidence than peaks shared by a large number of spectra. We used this distance calculation and a complete-linkage scheme to cluster data from a recent large-scale mass spectrometry-based study. The clusterings produced by our method have up to 40% more identified peptides for their consensus spectra compared to those produced by the previous state-of-the-art method. We see that our method would advance the construction of spectral libraries as well as serve as a tool for mining large sets of fragment spectra. The source code and Ubuntu binary packages are available at https://github.com/statisticalbiotechnology/maracluster (under an Apache 2.0 license).

Fragment approaches in structure-based drug discovery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hubbard, Roderick E.

2008-01-01

Fragment-based methods are successfully generating novel and selective drug-like inhibitors of protein targets, with a number of groups reporting compounds entering clinical trials. This paper summarizes the key features of the approach as one of the tools in structure-guided drug discovery. There has been considerable interest recently in what is known as 'fragment-based lead discovery'. The novel feature of the approach is to begin with small low-affinity compounds. The main advantage is that a larger potential chemical diversity can be sampled with fewer compounds, which is particularly important for new target classes. The approach relies on careful design of the fragment library, a method that can detect binding of the fragment to the protein target, determination of the structure of the fragment bound to the target, and the conventional use of structural information to guide compound optimization. In this article the methods are reviewed, and experiences in fragment-based discovery of lead series of compounds against kinases such as PDK1 and ATPases such as Hsp90 are discussed. The examples illustrate some of the key benefits and issues of the approach and also provide anecdotal examples of the patterns seen in selectivity and the binding mode of fragments across different protein targets

Research ICT Africa (RIA!) - phase III | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Research ICT Africa (RIA!) - phase III. Depuis la création du réseau RIA! en 2003, ses responsables ont mené avec succès des études portant tant sur l'offre que sur la demande afin de permettre de mieux comprendre l'accès aux TIC et leur utilisation en Afrique. Au cours des deux premières phases du projet (nos 101584 ...

Fragmentation properties of 6Li

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lovas, R.G.; Kruppa, A.T.; Beck, R.; Dickmann, F.

1987-01-01

The α+d and t+τ cluster structure of 6 Li is described in a microscopic α+d cluster model through quantities that enter into the description of cluster fragmentation processes. The states of the separate clusters α, d, t and τ are described as superpositions of Os Slater determinants belonging to different potential size parameters. To describe both the 6 Li and fragment state realistically, nucleon-nucleon forces optimized for the used model state spaces were constructed. The fragmentation properties predicted by them slightly differ from those calculated with some forces of common use provided the latter are modified so as to reproduce the α, d and 6 Li energies. (author) 61 refs.; 9 figs

Geometrical scaling of jet fragmentation photons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hattori, Koichi, E-mail: koichi.hattori@riken.jp [RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973 (United States); Theoretical Research Division, Nishina Center, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); McLerran, Larry, E-mail: mclerran@bnl.gov [RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY 11973 (United States); Physics Dept., Bdg. 510A, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY-11973 (United States); Physics Dept., China Central Normal University, Wuhan (China); Schenke, Björn, E-mail: bschenke@bnl.gov [Physics Dept., Bdg. 510A, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY-11973 (United States)

2016-12-15

We discuss jet fragmentation photons in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We argue that, if the jet distribution satisfies geometrical scaling and an anisotropic spectrum, these properties are transferred to photons during the jet fragmentation.

Bespoke Fragments

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kruse Aagaard, Anders

2017-01-01

The PhD project Bespoke Fragments is investigating the space emerging in the exploration of the relationship between digital drawing and fabrication, and the field of materials and their properties and capacities. Through a series of different experiments, the project situates itself in a shuttli...

A enfermagem como objeto da história: uma reflexão sobre o tema

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Regina Maria dos Santos

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo propomos refletir sobre a Enfermagem como objeto da História. Ancoramos nossa proposta nos estudos que vêm sendo realizados sobre a História da Enfermagem Brasileira e na abertura que a História Nova confere aos estudos históricos. Para tanto, buscamos compreender a História da Enfermagem Brasileira e as circunstâncias sociais que determinaram o desenvolvimento da profissão nessa ou naquela direção. Apresentamos algumas propostas metodológicas comumente utilizadas em estudos históricos, propondo a história oral e a análise de documentos como métodos de coleta de dados. A releitura dos acontecimentos sociais, a partir dos dados coletados, é capaz de favorecer o entendimento da importância dos estudos sobre a História da Enfermagem no reconhecimento da sua identidade profissional, como contribuição para o fortalecimento da categoria. Esperamos estimular a produção de novos trabalhos sobre o tema e, principalmente, alertar para a necessidade de preservarmos nossa memória.

Grande Sertão: Veredas – literatura e memória

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márcio Henrique Muraca

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Muito já se escreveu sobre Grande Sertão: Veredas, sobretudo a respeito do conceito de sertão como microcosmo, bem como, em termos de linguagem, da técnica narrativa do monólogo-diálogo. Neste artigo, pretende-se investigar os elementos de memória presentes na obra. O produto da tentativa do narrador-protagonista Riobaldo de entender o sentido de sua vida ao rememorar eventos tem como resultado um tipo de relato memorialístico. Ainda que tais eventos sejam ficção, Guimarães Rosa os situa em um plano temporal e espacial concretos, o que permite revelar um enquadramento social a partir dessa “memória individual” de Riobaldo enlaçada à memória coletiva do sertão. O diálogo teórico abarca dois textos básicos, o de Eduardo F. Coutinho, sobre Grande Sertão: Veredas, e os estudos de Marina Maluf sobre memória.

Biotecnologia agroalimentària. Curs 2008-2009

OpenAIRE

Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Farmàcia

2008-01-01

Pla docent de l'assignatura Biotecnologia agroalimentària de l'Ensenyament de Ciència i Tecnologia dels Aliments. Curs acadèmic 2008-2009. Departament Productes Naturals,Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia.

Fracture mechanics model of fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Glenn, L.A.; Gommerstadt, B.Y.; Chudnovsky, A.

1986-01-01

A model of the fragmentation process is developed, based on the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics, which predicts the average fragment size as a function of strain rate and material properties. This approach permits a unification of previous results, yielding Griffith's solution in the low-strain-rate limit and Grady's solution at high strain rates

Polymer fragmentation in extensional flow

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maroja, Armando M.; Oliveira, Fernando A.; Ciesla, Michal; Longa, Lech

2001-06-01

In this paper we present an analysis of fragmentation of dilute polymer solutions in extensional flow. The transition rate is investigated both from theoretical and computational approaches, where the existence of a Gaussian distribution for the breaking bonds has been controversial. We give as well an explanation for the low fragmentation frequency found in DNA experiments.

EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA: INSTITUCIONALIDADE E COMPROMISSO SOCIAL.

OpenAIRE

Souza, Lenilza Alves Pereira

2013-01-01

Esta dissertação mostra a análise da extensão universitária, no tocante à institucionalidade e ao compromisso social, o que possibilita a compreensão da extensão como prática de ações interlocutoras que integram a produção e a sistematização do conhecimento ao processo de aprendizagem, como lócus da indisssociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão. A pesquisa identifica que a extensão no Brasil apresenta vários conceitos e concepções em sua trajetória histórica no conte...

Heavy-Quark Production in the Target Fragmentation Region

CERN Document Server

Graudenz, Dirk

1997-01-01

Fixed-target experiments permit the study of hadron production in the target fragmentation region. It is expected that the tagging of specific particles in the target fragments can be employed to introduce a bias in the hard scattering process towards a specific flavour content. The case of hadrons containing a heavy quark is particularly attractive because of the clear experimental signatures and the applicability of perturbative QCD. The standard approach to one-particle inclusive processes based on fragmentation functions is valid in the current fragmentation region and for large transverse momenta $p_T$ in the target fragmentation region, but it fails for particle production at small $p_T$ in the target fragmentation region. A collinear singularity, which cannot be absorbed in the standard way into the phenomenological distribution functions, prohibits the application of this procedure. This situation is remedied by the introduction of a new set of distribution functions, the target fragmentation function...

Effects of Habitat Structure and Fragmentation on Diversity and Abundance of Primates in Tropical Deciduous Forests in Bolivia.

Science.gov (United States)

Pyritz, Lennart W; Büntge, Anna B S; Herzog, Sebastian K; Kessler, Michael

2010-10-01

Habitat structure and anthropogenic disturbance are known to affect primate diversity and abundance. However, researchers have focused on lowland rain forests, whereas endangered deciduous forests have been neglected. We aimed to investigate the relationships between primate diversity and abundance and habitat parameters in 10 deciduous forest fragments southeast of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. We obtained primate data via line-transect surveys and visual and acoustic observations. In addition, we assessed the vegetation structure (canopy height, understory density), size, isolation time, and surrounding forest area of the fragments. We interpreted our results in the context of the historical distribution data for primates in the area before fragmentation and interviews with local people. We detected 5 of the 8 historically observed primate species: Alouatta caraya, Aotus azarae boliviensis, Callithrix melanura, Callicebus donacophilus, and Cebus libidinosus juruanus. Total species number and detection rates decreased with understory density. Detection rates also negatively correlated with forest areas in the surroundings of a fragment, which may be due to variables not assessed, i.e., fragment shape, distance to nearest town. Observations for Alouatta and Aotus were too few to conduct further statistics. Cebus and Callicebus were present in 90% and 70% of the sites, respectively, and their density did not correlate with any of the habitat variables assessed, signaling high ecological plasticity and adaptability to anthropogenic impact in these species. Detections of Callithrix were higher in areas with low forest strata. Our study provides baseline data for future fragmentation studies in Neotropical dry deciduous forests and sets a base for specific conservation measures.

BACTERICIDAL COATINGS ON TEXTILES FOR REMEDIATION OF INTERMICROBE ACTIVITY (BaCTeRIA) SUMMARY REPORT

Science.gov (United States)

2017-07-07

TEXTILES FOR REMEDIATION OF INTERMICROBE ACTIVITY (BaCTeRIA) SUMMARY REPORT by Tobyn A. Branck Courtney M. Cowell Jennifer M. Rego and...October 2011 – September 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE BACTERICIDAL COATINGS ON TEXTILES FOR REMEDIATION OF INTERMICROBE ACTIVITY (BaCTeRIA) SUMMARY REPORT... REMEDIATION OF INTERMICROBE ACTIVITY (BaCTeRIA) SUMMARY REPORT Introduction The Biological Sciences and Technology Team (BSTT), Warfighter

A cidade como sentimento: história e memória de um acontecimento na sociedade contemporânea - o incêndio do Gran Circus Norte-Americano em Niterói, 1961

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Knauss

2007-06-01

Full Text Available O estudo relaciona história do acontecimento e história urbana para discutir a problemática da memória nas sociedades contemporâneas. A pesquisa aborda o caso do incêndio do Gran Circus Norte-Americano, ocorrido em 17 de dezembro de 1961, na cidade de Niterói, então capital do antigo estado do Rio de Janeiro. O fato é conhecido como um dos maiores incêndios da história em termos de número de vítimas fatais, e se afirmou na memória da cidade. O trabalho tem como base fontes da imprensa e fontes orais. A análise demonstra como o acontecimento se estabelece entre história e memória e define a cidade como sentimento.The study connects urban history and event history to discuss the memory in contemporary societies. The research analyzes the fire of the Gran Circus Norte-Americano in December 17, 1961, in the city of Niterói, when it still was the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The fact is known as one of the biggest fires in history in terms of fatal victims’ number, and that has been established in the city memory. The work is based on press sources and oral sources. The analysis shows how the event is established between history and memory, and defines the city as feeling.

Etnicidade e ensino de História: a matriz cultural africana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elio Chaves Flores

2006-06-01

Full Text Available O ensaio discute o ensino de História da África na cultura escolar a partir de dois campos de produção e representações étnico-raciais: o estado da arte na universidade e a recente legislação sobre as questões étnico-raciais em relação à História da África. Parto da hipótese de que as estruturas curriculares dos cursos de História reproduzem para a educação básica o cânone da mestiçagem. O grande desafio para os estudos africanistas seria, portanto, ultrapassar os limites da seleção cultural.

MANUAL JORNALÍSTICO E PRÁTICAS CONTRADITÓRIAS: DIÁLOGO ENTRE O TEXTO DE ZERO HORA E A TRAJETÓRIA DA RBS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Berenice da Costa Machado

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Para bem refletir sobre um jornal, no caso Zero Hora (ZH, de Porto Alegre, seria necessário, também, resgatar a história da sua controladora, a Rede Brasil Sul (RBS. O exercício fez emergir muitas contradições entre o código normativo do diário e a trajetória do Grupo de comunicação. Oito desses episódios trazemos para o diálogo neste estudo: o uso indiscriminado de nomes e siglas, dos espaços de expressão das opiniões, os cruzamentos do jornalismo – editorial – com a publicidade – comercial –, os desencontros de datas, a estrutura monopolística, os valores propagados, a relação com as pessoas e a parceria com a Rede Globo. Nossa hipótese é de que está na gênese da RBS (e de ZH a “vocação” para o contraditório. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Zero Hora. Rede Brasil Sul. História. Contradições.

Fragment Linking and Optimization of Inhibitors of the Aspartic Protease Endothiapepsin : Fragment-Based Drug Design Facilitated by Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mondal, Milon; Radeva, Nedyalka; Fanlo-Virgos, Hugo; Otto, Sijbren; Klebe, Gerhard; Hirsch, Anna K. H.

2016-01-01

Fragment-based drug design (FBDD) affords active compounds for biological targets. While there are numerous reports on FBDD by fragment growing/optimization, fragment linking has rarely been reported. Dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) has become a powerful hit-identification strategy for

Experimental modelling of fragmentation applied to volcanic explosions

Science.gov (United States)

Haug, Øystein Thordén; Galland, Olivier; Gisler, Galen R.

2013-12-01

Explosions during volcanic eruptions cause fragmentation of magma and host rock, resulting in fragments with sizes ranging from boulders to fine ash. The products can be described by fragment size distributions (FSD), which commonly follow power laws with exponent D. The processes that lead to power-law distributions and the physical parameters that control D remain unknown. We developed a quantitative experimental procedure to study the physics of the fragmentation process through time. The apparatus consists of a Hele-Shaw cell containing a layer of cohesive silica flour that is fragmented by a rapid injection of pressurized air. The evolving fragmentation of the flour is monitored with a high-speed camera, and the images are analysed to obtain the evolution of the number of fragments (N), their average size (A), and the FSD. Using the results from our image-analysis procedure, we find transient empirical laws for N, A and the exponent D of the power-law FSD as functions of the initial air pressure. We show that our experimental procedure is a promising tool for unravelling the complex physics of fragmentation during phreatomagmatic and phreatic eruptions.

Neighbouring charge fragmentations in low energy fission

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montoya, M.

1986-10-01

Shell and odd-even effects in fission have been largely studied until now. The structure in fragment mass, charge and kinetic energy distributions of fragments were interpreted as shell and even-odd effects. In this paper, we want to show that the discret change of fragment charge symmetry should produce also structures in those distribution. 19 refs

A trajetória do monsenhor Luigi Pescarmona e as lutas pela reforma agrária na Diocese de Guarabira/PB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Fagundes de Paiva Neto

2016-12-01

Full Text Available No artigo, procuramos responder a questão de como seu deu a trajetória religiosa-política do padre italiano Luigi Pescarmona entre duas grandes transições no campo religioso católico: o Concílio do Vaticano e a crise da Teologia da Libertação, a partir da década de 1980. Entre a década de 1960 e 1990, analisamos como ocorreu uma experiência religiosa-política do padre Pescarmona, por meio de um habitus partisão, ligado à Teologia da Libertação, cuja relação se deu com a reforma agrária no estado da Paraíba. Os aportes de Pierre Bourdieu fomentaram a percepção sobre a dinâmica do campo político, as disputas simbólicas, os conflitos entre classes e de representações. Quanto à contribuição micro histórica, recorremos ao uso das escalas, que nos permitiu perscrutar as fontes disponíveis. Utilizamos fontes orais, bibliográficas, primárias, artigos de jornais e documentos oriundos de arquivos judiciais.

Aspect Ratio Dependence of Impact Fragmentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inaoka, H.; Toyosawa, E.; Takayasu, H.; Inaoka, H.

1997-01-01

A numerical model of three-dimensional impact fragmentation produces a power-law cumulative fragment mass distribution followed by a flat tail. The result is consistent with an experimental result in a recent paper by Meibom and Balslev [Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2492 (1996)]. Our numerical simulation also implies that the fragment mass distribution changes from a power law with a flat tail to a power law with a sudden cutoff, depending on the aspect ratio of the fractured object. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Planetary Surface Power and Interstellar Propulsion Using Fission Fragment Magnetic Collimator Reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsvetkov, Pavel V.; Hart, Ron R.; King, Don B.; Rochau, Gary E.

2006-01-01

Fission energy can be used directly if the kinetic energy of fission fragments is converted to electricity and/or thrust before turning into heat. The completed US DOE NERI Direct Energy Conversion (DEC) Power Production project indicates that viable DEC systems are possible. The US DOE NERI DEC Proof of Principle project began in October of 2002 with the goal to demonstrate performance principles of DEC systems. One of the emerging DEC concepts is represented by fission fragment magnetic collimator reactors (FFMCR). Safety, simplicity, and high conversion efficiency are the unique advantages offered by these systems. In the FFMCR, the basic energy source is the kinetic energy of fission fragments. Following escape from thin fuel layers, they are captured on magnetic field lines and are directed out of the core and through magnetic collimators to produce electricity and thrust. The exiting flow of energetic fission fragments has a very high specific impulse that allows efficient planetary surface power and interstellar propulsion without carrying any conventional propellant onboard. The objective of this work was to determine technological feasibility of the concept. This objective was accomplished by producing the FFMCR design and by analysis of its performance characteristics. The paper presents the FFMCR concept, describes its development to a technologically feasible level and discusses obtained results. Performed studies offer efficiencies up to 90% and velocities approaching speed of light as potentially achievable. The unmanned 10-tons probe with 1000 MW FFMCR propulsion unit would attain mission velocity of about 2% of the speed of light. If the unit is designed for 4000 MW, then in 10 years the unmanned 10-tons probe would attain mission velocity of about 10% of the speed of light

Fragment-assisted hit investigation involving integrated HTS and fragment screening: Application to the identification of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitors.

Science.gov (United States)

Varnes, Jeffrey G; Geschwindner, Stefan; Holmquist, Christopher R; Forst, Janet; Wang, Xia; Dekker, Niek; Scott, Clay W; Tian, Gaochao; Wood, Michael W; Albert, Jeffrey S

2016-01-01

Fragment-based drug design (FBDD) relies on direct elaboration of fragment hits and typically requires high resolution structural information to guide optimization. In fragment-assisted drug discovery (FADD), fragments provide information to guide selection and design but do not serve as starting points for elaboration. We describe FADD and high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign strategies conducted in parallel against PDE10A where fragment hit co-crystallography was not available. The fragment screen led to prioritized fragment hits (IC50's ∼500μM), which were used to generate a hypothetical core scaffold. Application of this scaffold as a filter to HTS output afforded a 4μM hit, which, after preparation of a small number of analogs, was elaborated into a 16nM lead. This approach highlights the strength of FADD, as fragment methods were applied despite the absence of co-crystallographical information to efficiently identify a lead compound for further optimization. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.