A review on plant Cordia obliqua Willd. (Clammy cherry).

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, Richa; Gupta, Ghanshyam Das

2015-01-01

Cordia obliqua Willd. plant (Common name-Clammy Cherry) belongs to family Boraginaceae. It is a medium-sized deciduous tree and very vigorous in growth. According to traditional system, it possesses anthelmintic, purgative, diuretic, expectorant, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and analgesic action. The fruits are edible and used as pickle. The gum obtained from mucilage is used for pasting sheets of paper and as matrix forming material in tablet formulations. Phytochemical investigations show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins and reducing sugar. Evaluation of pharmacological activities confirmed C. obliqua plant as antimicrobial, hypotensive, respiratory stimulant, diuretic and anti-inflammatory drug. A number of traditional activities of this plant still need scientific approval which will increase its medicinal potential. This review presents the Pharmacognostic properties, phytochemical constituents, traditional uses and biological activities reported for the plant and it will be helpful to explore the knowledge about Cordia obliqua Willd. for the researchers.

Sap flow measurements combining sap-flux density radial profiles with punctual sap-flux density measurements in oak trees (Quercus ilex and Quercus pyrenaica) - water-use implications in a water-limited savanna-

Science.gov (United States)

Reyes, J. Leonardo; Lubczynski1, Maciek W.

2010-05-01

Sap flow measurement is a key aspect for understanding how plants use water and their impacts on the ecosystems. A variety of sensors have been developed to measure sap flow, each one with its unique characteristics. When the aim of a research is to have accurate tree water use calculations, with high temporal and spatial resolution (i.e. scaled), a sensor with high accuracy, high measurement efficiency, low signal-to-noise ratio and low price is ideal, but such has not been developed yet. Granier's thermal dissipation probes (TDP) have been widely used in many studies and various environmental conditions because of its simplicity, reliability, efficiency and low cost. However, it has two major flaws when is used in semi-arid environments and broad-stem tree species: it is often affected by high natural thermal gradients (NTG), which distorts the measurements, and it cannot measure the radial variability of sap-flux density in trees with sapwood thicker than two centimeters. The new, multi point heat field deformation sensor (HFD) is theoretically not affected by NTG, and it can measure the radial variability of the sap flow at different depths. However, its high cost is a serious limitation when simultaneous measurements are required in several trees (e.g. catchment-scale studies). The underlying challenge is to develop a monitoring schema in which HFD and TDP are combined to satisfy the needs of measurement efficiency and accuracy in water accounting. To assess the level of agreement between TDP and HFD methods in quantifying sap flow rates and temporal patterns on Quercus ilex (Q.i ) and Quercus pyrenaica trees (Q.p.), three measurement schemas: standard TDP, TDP-NTG-corrected and HFD were compared in dry season at the semi-arid Sardon area, near Salamanca in Spain in the period from June to September 2009. To correct TDP measurements with regard to radial sap flow variability, a radial sap flux density correction factor was applied and tested by adjusting TDP

Effects of 60Co γ-rays radiation on biological characters of Platanus acerifolia Willd. weed and seedlings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Zhineng; Liu Guofeng; Bao Manzhu

2006-01-01

The dry seeds of Platanus acerifolia Willd. were irradiated by different doses of 60 Co γ-rays, and the effect of the radiation on M 1 were investigated. Results showed that the seed germination rate, emerged seedling rate and survival seedling rate of Platanus aceriflia Willd. Decreased with dose increase at the dose of 50-400 Gy, as well as the plant height, fresh weight and length of root. The radiation inhibited the seeding growth significantly. Compared with CK, the true leaf emerging time of samples irradiated at 50-250 Gy was late for 2, 5, 9 and 14d, respectively. But the young seedlings of samples treated at 300-400 Gy were severely twisted and abnormal, and gradually died after 15d. Based on the data of seeding rate and root growth, it is concluded that the semi-lethal radiation dose of Platanus acerifolia Willd. dry seed was 50 Gy, and the suitable dose range for radiation breeding was 50 to 250 Gy. (authors)

PROPAGACIÓN in vitro DE Geranium chilloense WILLD. EX KUNTH. PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE PLANTAS COMPLETAS

OpenAIRE

Benavides, Thaly; Córdova, Adriana; Vaca, Ivonne

2016-01-01

Geranium chilloense Willd. ex Kunth es conocida con el nombre de Geranio de los Chillos, es una planta ornamental silvestre, nativa de Los Andes se encuentra distribuida en las quebradas del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito y forma parte de la historia de la flora nativa de Quito ya que ha sido descrita desde la expedición de Alexander Humboldt y Aimé Bonpland en 1802. El presente estudio presenta un protocolo de propagación in vitro de Geranium chilloense Willd. ex Kunth, para la ...

A review on plant Cordia obliqua Willd. (Clammy cherry)

OpenAIRE

Richa Gupta; Ghanshyam Das Gupta

2015-01-01

Cordia obliqua Willd. plant (Common name-Clammy Cherry) belongs to family Boraginaceae. It is a medium-sized deciduous tree and very vigorous in growth. According to traditional system, it possesses anthelmintic, purgative, diuretic, expectorant, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and analgesic action. The fruits are edible and used as pickle. The gum obtained from mucilage is used for pasting sheets of paper and as matrix forming material in tablet formulations. Phytochemical investigations show ...

The Effect of Sonic Bloom Fertilizing Technology on The Seed Germination and Growth of Acacia mangium Willd Seedling

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mulyadi A T

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Acacia mangium Willd is one of the promising wood species, it is a fast growing species and can be used as raw materials for pulp, furniture and wood working. Musi Hutan Persada Company has planted Acacia mangium Willd in large scale for pulp processing raw materials and for wood working industry. The faculty of forestry of the Nusa Bangsa University in collaboration with the Musi Hutan Persada have examined  the effect of “Sonic Bloom” to the Acacia mangium Willd germination and seedling growth. The results of the research are the following : (1 The seed germination with “Sonic Bloom” provided percented of germination of 82%, better than those without “Sonic Bloom”, i.e. only 34%; (2 With Sonic Bloom,  the height of 80-days old seedling is 129.6 cm higher than those without “Sonic Bloom”of only 90.7 cm  ; (3 the diameter of 80-days old seedling with “Sonic Bloom” is 0,24 cm higher than those without “Sonic Bloom” harving diameters of only 0.19 cm.The study concludes that sonic bloom treatment is very useful for the seed germination and the growth of Acacia mangium Willd seedling Key Words : Sonic Bloom, persemaian, Acacia mangium, perkecambahan, bibit   Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE

Second generation bioethanol production from Saccharum spontaneum L. ssp. aegyptiacum (Willd.) Hack.

Science.gov (United States)

Danilo Scordia; Salvatore L. Consentino; Thomas W. Jeffries

2010-01-01

Saccharum (Saccharum spontaneum L. ssp. aegyptiacum (Willd.) Hack.), is a rapidly growing, wide ranging high-yield perennial, suitable for second generation bioethanol production. This study evaluated oxalic acid as a pretreatment for bioconversion. Overall sugar yields, sugar degradation products, enzymatic glucan hydrolysis and ethanol production were studied as...

Armazenamento de sementes de Erythrina velutina willd

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Kelina Bernardo Silva

2011-08-01

Full Text Available O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes embalagens e ambientes de armazenamento na manutenção da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Erythrina velutina Willd.. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes do Departamento de Fitotecnia do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (CCA-UFPB, localizado no município de Areia (PB. As sementes de Erythrina velutina Willd. foram coletadas embaixo de árvores matrizes, no mesmo município e levadas para o laboratório, onde se realizou a homogeneização e acondicionamento em embalagens de papel, pano e vidro e, posterior armazenamento em condições não controladas de laboratório (±25ºC, geladeira (6 ± 2ºC e câmara fria (4 ± 2ºC, por um período de 225 dias. Antes e após os intervalos de 45 dias foram retiradas amostras de cada embalagem e ambiente de armazenamento para avaliação das seguintes características: teor de água, emergência (porcentagem e índice de velocidade, comprimento e massa seca de epicótilo, hipocótilo e raiz das plântulas normais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso com quatro repetições de 25 sementes para cada teste. As sementes de mulungu são ortodoxas e acondicionando-as nas embalagens de papel, pano ou vidro podem ser armazenadas nos ambientes de laboratório, geladeira e câmara fria, durante 225 dias sem perdas significativas na emergência das plântulas.

Nysius cymoides (Spinola on Chenopodium quinoa Willd. cultivated in Italy

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S. Bocchi

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (Family: Amaranthaceae – APG classification is an Andean grain recently introduced on the European market and cultivated in experimental fields. In one of these experimental fields, in San Giorgio Piacentino (Italy, a heavy bug infestation was observed. The species was identified as Nysius cymoides (Spinola (Heteroptera Lygaeidae, a polyphagous species known as a pest of different crops. It occurs in the Mediterranean area from the sea level to the alpine meadows.

Simulation of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) response to soil salinity using the saltmed model

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Razzaghi, Fatemeh; Plauborg, Finn; Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a crop with high tolerance to salinity and drought and its response to varying soil moisture and salinity levels was studied in a field lysimeter experiment. Quinoa (cv. Titicaca) was irrigated with different concentrations of saline water (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40...

Aboveground biomass equations for 7-year-old Acacia mangium Willd in Botucatu, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Ricardo A. A. Veiga; Maria A. M. Brasil; Carlos M. Carvalho

2000-01-01

The biomass of steins, leaves, and branches was determined for 152 sample trees of Acacia mangium Willd were in a 7-year-old experimental plantation in Botucatu, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. After felling, dimensional measurements were taken from each tree. Cross sections were collected in 125 sample trees at ground level (0 percent), 25 percent, 50...

Evaluation of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for sarcoptic mange diagnosis and assessment in the Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica.

Science.gov (United States)

Ráez-Bravo, Arián; Granados, José Enrique; Serrano, Emmanuel; Dellamaria, Debora; Casais, Rosa; Rossi, Luca; Puigdemont, Anna; Cano-Manuel, Francisco Javier; Fandos, Paulino; Pérez, Jesús María; Espinosa, José; Soriguer, Ramón Casimiro; Citterio, Carlo; López-Olvera, Jorge Ramón

2016-10-21

Sarcoptic mange is a contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting different mammalian species worldwide including the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), in which mortalities over 90 % of the population have been reported. No efficient diagnostic methods are available for this disease, particularly when there are low mite numbers and mild or no clinical signs. In this study, three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) developed for dog (ELISA A), Cantabrian chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica parva) (ELISA B) and Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) (ELISA C), were evaluated to detect specific antibodies (IgG) to sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex sera. Serum samples from 131 Iberian ibexes (86 healthy and 45 scabietic) were collected from 2005 to 2012 in the Sierra Nevada Natural and National Parks (southern Spain). Based on visual inspection, ibexes were classified into one of three categories, namely healthy (without scabietic compatible lesions), mildly affected (skin lesions over less than 50 % of the body surface) and severely affected (skin lesions over more than 50 % of the body surface). The optimal cut-off point, specificity, sensitivity and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated, and the agreement between tests was determined. Moreover, differences in the optical density (OD) related to scabies severity have been evaluated for the best test. ELISA C showed better performance than the two other tests, reaching higher values of sensitivity (93.0 %) and specificity (93.5 %) against the visual estimation of the percentage of affected skin, chosen as the gold standard. Significantly higher concentrations of specific antibodies were observed with this test in the mildly and severely infested ibexes than in healthy ones. Our results revealed that ELISA C was an optimal test to diagnose sarcoptic mange in the Iberian ibex. Further studies characterizing immune response during the course of the disease, including spontaneous or drug

Desarrollo de un producto de panadería con harina de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) / Bakery product development with quinoa flour (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

OpenAIRE

García García, Diana Paola

2011-01-01

Para este trabajo, se obtuvo harina de quinua de la variedad Nariño como materia prima en grano (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), para esto se adecuó la materia prima extrayendo las saponinas del grano y posterior secado con aire caliente. Se probó su uso en panificación utilizando mezclas de harina de quinua con harina de trigo, para conocer y aprovechar las ventajas a nivel nutricional de este grano tan poco conocido y comercializado, que puede ser fuente de proteína de calidad, utilizándose en p...

Innovations in Health Value and Functional Food Development of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

OpenAIRE

Graf, Brittany L.; Rojas-Silva, Patricio; Rojo, Leonel E.; Delatorre-Herrera, Jose; Baldeón, Manuel E.; Raskin, Ilya

2015-01-01

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Amaranthaceae) is a grain-like, stress-tolerant food crop that has provided subsistence, nutrition, and medicine for Andean indigenous cultures for thousands of years. Quinoa contains a high content of health-beneficial phytochemicals, including amino acids, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, saponins, phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolics, betalains, and glycine betaine. Over the past 2 decades, numerous food and nutraceutical prod...

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Growth and Flowering of Bougainvillea spectabilis WILLD

OpenAIRE

KARAGÜZEL, Osman

2014-01-01

The effects of paclobutrazol were examined in respect to the growth and flowering of Bougainvillea spectabilis WILLD under conditions of long and short natural photoperiods. In the middle of July and at the beginning of November, doses of paclobutrazol; 0 (control), 10, 20, 30 and 50 mg a.e./pot soil drench, and 0 (control), 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm foliage spray, were applied to plants grown in 18 cm pots (h=16.5 cm). With the application of paclobutrazol in the form of soil drench and fol...

Study of the elemental composition of Chenopodium Quinoa Willd by fast neutron activation analysis and X ray fluorescence analysis; Aplicacion del analisis por activacion neutronica y la fluorescencia de rayos X en el estudio de la composicion elemental de Chenopodium Quinoa Willd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soto Moran, R L [Universidad de La Habana, La Habana (Cuba). Facultad de Fisica; Szegedi, S [Kossuth Lajos Tudomanyegyetem, Debrecen (Hungary). Fizikai Kemiai Intezete; Llopiz, J L [Universidad de La Habana, La Habana (Cuba). Instituto de Materiales y Reactivos para la Electronica

1996-05-01

By means of x-ray fluorescence and fast neutron activation analysis the nitrogen content has been determined in samples of roots, stems, leaf, flowers and grains from Quinua (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd), which was previously treated with fertilizer.

L’orobe (Vicia ervilia L. Willd.) au Maroc

OpenAIRE

El Fatehi, Salama; Ater, Mohammed

2017-01-01

Dans cette contribution nous allons présenter certains aspects de l’histoire de la nomenclature et des usages de la culture de l’orobe (Vicia ervilia L. Willd.). Bien que cette culture soit actuellement considérée comme mineure et utilisée uniquement dans l’alimentation animale, cela n’a pas été toujours le cas. A certaines époques la culture de l’orobe était plus importante et occupait une place importante parmi les légumineuses cultivées. Même si elle était peu appréciée, elle était utilisé...

Study of the elemental composition of Chenopodium Quinoa Willd by fast neutron activation analysis and X ray fluorescence analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soto Moran, R.L.; Szegedi, S.; Llopiz, J.L.

1996-01-01

By means of x-ray fluorescence and fast neutron activation analysis the nitrogen content has been determined in samples of roots, stems, leaf, flowers and grains from Quinua (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd), which was previously treated with fertilizer

Differentiation of photoperiod-induced ABA and soluble sugar responses of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd.) cultivars

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendevis, Mira Arpe; Sun, Yujie; Shabala, Sergey

2014-01-01

Adaptation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to new regions demands acclimation to day-length, in addition to a host of other abiotic factors. To further elucidate the effects of photoperiod on development of quinoa, two differently adapted cultivars, Achachino (short day) from Bolivia and Ti...

Postural laterality in Iberian ibex Capra pyrenaica: effects of age, sex and nursing suggest stress and social information.

Science.gov (United States)

Sarasa, Mathieu; Soriguer, Ramón C; Serrano, Emmanuel; Granados, José-Enrique; Pérez, Jesús M

2014-01-01

Most studies of lateralized behaviour have to date focused on active behaviour such as sensorial perception and locomotion and little is known about lateralized postures, such as lying, that can potentially magnify the effectiveness of lateralized perception and reaction. Moreover, the relative importance of factors such as sex, age and the stress associated with social status in laterality is now a subject of increasing interest. In this study, we assess the importance of sex, age and reproductive investment in females in lying laterality in the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica). Using generalized additive models under an information-theoretic approach based on the Akaike information criterion, we analyzed lying laterality of 78 individually marked ibexes. Sex, age and nursing appeared as key factors associated, in interaction and non-linearly, with lying laterality. Beyond the benefits of studying laterality with non-linear models, our results highlight the fact that a combination of static factors such as sex, and dynamic factors such as age and stress associated with parental care, are associated with postural laterality.

In vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. in chicken lymphocytes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pushpa Ruwali

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Aim: Evaluation of the in vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. methanolic extract in chicken lymphocyte culture system through lymphocyte (B and T cells proliferation assay, after standardizing the maximum non-cytotoxic dose (MNCD in chicken lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: Fresh aerial parts of A. indica Willd. (family: Asteraceae specimens were collected (altitude 1560 m, gotten authenticated, processed, dried, and Soxhlet extracted to yield methanolic extract (AME. Chicken splenocytes were isolated from spleens collected from healthy birds; lymphocytes were separated by density gradient centrifugation, percentage cell viability determined and final cell count adjusted to 107 cells/ml in RPMI-1640 medium. MNCD of AME in chicken lymphocytes was determined through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide dye reduction assay. Immunomodulatory potential of AME was evaluated through lymphocytes proliferation or B and T cells blastogenesis assay in the presence of appropriate mitogens, namely, lipopolysaccharide (LPS and concanavalin A (Con A, respectively. Results: Maximum concentration of AME exhibiting 100% cell viability (MNCD was 200 μg/ml and was selected for further in vitro analysis. The in vitro exposure of chicken lymphocytes to 200 μg/ml dose of AME, resulted in significant (p<0.05 upregulation of 11.76% in B cell proliferation in the presence of B cell mitogen (LPS and a significant (p<0.05 increase of 12.018% T cells proliferation in the presence of the mitogen (Con A, as compared to the control. Conclusion: The significant upregulation in the proliferation of two major cell types modulating the immune system is an indication of the immunostimulatory potential of the plant. It would be worthwhile to further evaluate A. indica on relevant immunomodulatory aspects, especially the in vivo studies in a poultry system.

In vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. in chicken lymphocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruwali, Pushpa; Ambwani, Tanuj Kumar; Gautam, Pankaj

2018-01-01

Evaluation of the in vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. methanolic extract in chicken lymphocyte culture system through lymphocyte (B and T cells) proliferation assay, after standardizing the maximum non-cytotoxic dose (MNCD) in chicken lymphocytes. Fresh aerial parts of A. indica Willd. (family: Asteraceae) specimens were collected (altitude 1560 m), gotten authenticated, processed, dried, and Soxhlet extracted to yield methanolic extract (AME). Chicken splenocytes were isolated from spleens collected from healthy birds; lymphocytes were separated by density gradient centrifugation, percentage cell viability determined and final cell count adjusted to 10 7 cells/ml in RPMI-1640 medium. MNCD of AME in chicken lymphocytes was determined through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide dye reduction assay. Immunomodulatory potential of AME was evaluated through lymphocytes proliferation or B and T cells blastogenesis assay in the presence of appropriate mitogens, namely, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (Con A), respectively. Maximum concentration of AME exhibiting 100% cell viability (MNCD) was 200 μg/ml and was selected for further in vitro analysis. The in vitro exposure of chicken lymphocytes to 200 µg/ml dose of AME, resulted in significant (p<0.05) upregulation of 11.76% in B cell proliferation in the presence of B cell mitogen (LPS) and a significant (p<0.05) increase of 12.018% T cells proliferation in the presence of the mitogen (Con A), as compared to the control. The significant upregulation in the proliferation of two major cell types modulating the immune system is an indication of the immunostimulatory potential of the plant. It would be worthwhile to further evaluate A. indica on relevant immunomodulatory aspects, especially the in vivo studies in a poultry system.

Zoochoric and hydrochoric maritime dispersal of the Opuntia monacantha (Willd. Haw. (Cactaceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angelo Martins Fraga

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Evolutionary adaptations in the morphology and physiology of cactus species have been associated to their mechanisms of dispersal and colonization. The dispersal mechanisms and modes of Opuntia monacantha (Willd. Haw. (Cactaceae were characterized in two beaches in Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. A marsupial from the genus Didelphis (Mammalia: Didelphidae was the only frugivorous and, thus, disperser of fruits, presenting specific eating places. The maritime hydrochory was due to the overwash on restinga vegetation, it is characterized by the dispersal of cladodes and fruits at various times of the year. It is here firstly described the sea action as a potential disperser for a cactus species.

Effect of extraction pH on heat-induced aggregation, gelation and microstructure of protein isolate from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ruiz, Geraldine Avila; Xiao, Wukai; Boekel, van Tiny; Minor, Marcel; Stieger, Markus

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of extraction pH on heat-induced aggregation, gelation and microstructure of suspensions of protein isolates extracted from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Quinoa seed protein was extracted by alkaline treatment at various pH values (pH 8

Estrutura anatômica da madeira e qualidade do carvão de Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir Anatonical structure and charcoal quality of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir. Wood

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisabeth de Oliveira

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou determinar algumas características anatômicas e dimensões de fibras, elementos dos vasos, células do parênquima e dos raios da madeira da Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir. Determinaram-se, ainda, a fração parede das fibras e o porcentual das fibras, dos vasos, dos raios e das células parenquimatosas, bem como a densidade, rendimento e propriedades do carvão vegetal. Conclui-se que a madeira de Mimosa tenuiflora possui poros predominantemente solitários, geminados e múltiplos em agrupamento radial; poros distribuídos em porosidade difusa uniforme; parênquima axial paratraqueal vasicêntrico, vasicêntrico confluente, aliforme e aliforme confluente; raios multisseriados, bisseriados e, menos freqüentemente, unisseriados; e fibras de parede espessa e muito curtas. Obteve-se um rendimento de 39,68% em carvão vegetal, com teor de carbono fixo de 71,70%, densidade igual a 0,51g/cm³, carbono fixo de 71,79 e poder calórico de 6.866 cal/g.The objective of this work was to determine anatomical characteristics, and dimensions of fibers, vessels and parenchyma and ray cells of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir wood. Fibers wall fraction, the percentage of fibers, vessels and ray and parenchyma cells, as well as density and charcoal production and properties were determined. The wood of Mimosa teniflora presents predominantly solitary, geminated and multiple porous in radial groups; porous distributed in uniform diffuse porosity; axial parenchyma paratracheal vasicentric, confluent vasicentric, aliform and confluent aliform; multiseriate, biseiat rays and, less frequently, uniseriate ones; very short fibers with thick walls. Charcoal yield was 39.68% with a 0.51g/cm³ density, 71.79% carbon content and 6886cal/g calorific value.

Assessment of the nutritional composition of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).

Science.gov (United States)

Nowak, Verena; Du, Juan; Charrondière, U Ruth

2016-02-15

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an ancient crop which can play an important role for worldwide food security. The current review aimed at evaluating existing compositional data which were compiled according to international standards. A limited number of data were found that met the dataset quality criteria. In general, high variations in nutrient contents of quinoa were observed per 100g edible portion on fresh weight basis, for example: protein (9.1-15.7g), total fat (4.0-7.6g) and dietary fiber (8.8-14.1g). The variations of nutrient values among different varieties and among different data sources were considerable. The results show the nutritional potential of quinoa but they also demonstrate that more high-quality analytical data of quinoa are needed, especially for minerals and vitamins. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Effect of methanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus Willd. on lipopolysaccharide induced-oxidative stress in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmad, Mohammad Parwez; Hussain, Arshad; Siddiqui, Hefazat Hussain; Wahab, Shadma; Adak, Manoranjan

2015-03-01

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced oxidative stress and impairment of normal physiological function generally categorized by increased anxiety and reduced mobility. Therefore, the present study was to find out the effect Methanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus (MEAR ) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in rats . LPS-induced oxidative stress in rats was measured by locomotor activity by photoactometer test, anxiety with elevated plus maze test and also studied the oxidative stress markers, nitric oxide and cytokines. The obtained data shows that LPS markedly exhausted (pAsparagus racemosus Willd. is a functionally newer type of cerebroprotective agent.

New locality of Orobanche coerulescens Stephan ex Willd. (Orobanchaceae at the NW limit of its geographical range

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renata Piwowarczyk

2011-01-01

Full Text Available A new locality of Orobanche coerulescens Stephan ex Willd. in the Wyżyna Małopolska upland (Garb Pińczowski hummock in central Poland is presented. Over 290 specimens were recorded in a xerothermic grassland of the class Festuco-Brometea comprising species of the class Koelerio glaucae-Corynephoretea canescentis on alkaline, sandy soil. O. coerulescens is extinct at the majority of its localities in Poland and only two localities are known at present.

Innovations in Health Value and Functional Food Development of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).

Science.gov (United States)

Graf, Brittany L; Rojas-Silva, Patricio; Rojo, Leonel E; Delatorre-Herrera, Jose; Baldeón, Manuel E; Raskin, Ilya

2015-07-01

Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Amaranthaceae) is a grain-like, stress-tolerant food crop that has provided subsistence, nutrition, and medicine for Andean indigenous cultures for thousands of years. Quinoa contains a high content of health-beneficial phytochemicals, including amino acids, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, saponins, phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolics, betalains, and glycine betaine. Over the past 2 decades, numerous food and nutraceutical products and processes have been developed from quinoa. Furthermore, 4 clinical studies have demonstrated that quinoa supplementation exerts significant, positive effects on metabolic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal health in humans. However, vast challenges and opportunities remain within the scientific, agricultural, and development sectors to optimize quinoa's role in the promotion of global human health and nutrition.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): composition, chemistry, nutritional, and functional properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Abugoch James, Lilian E

2009-01-01

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), which is considered a pseudocereal or pseudograin, has been recognized as a complete food due to its protein quality. It has remarkable nutritional properties; not only from its protein content (15%) but also from its great amino acid balance. It is an important source of minerals and vitamins, and has also been found to contain compounds like polyphenols, phytosterols, and flavonoids with possible nutraceutical benefits. It has some functional (technological) properties like solubility, water-holding capacity (WHC), gelation, emulsifying, and foaming that allow diversified uses. Besides, it has been considered an oil crop, with an interesting proportion of omega-6 and a notable vitamin E content. Quinoa starch has physicochemical properties (such as viscosity, freeze stability) which give it functional properties with novel uses. Quinoa has a high nutritional value and has recently been used as a novel functional food because of all these properties; it is a promising alternative cultivar.

Factors Affecting Diet Variation in the Pyrenean Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta pyrenaica: Conservation Implications.

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Ricardo García-González

Full Text Available The Pyrenean rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta pyrenaica lives at one of the southernmost limits of the ptarmigan range. Their small population sizes and the impacts of global changes are limiting factors in the conservation of this threatened subspecies. An effective conservation policy requires precise basic knowledge of a species' food and habitat requirements, information that is practically non-existent for this Pyrenean population. Here, we describe the diet of a ptarmigan population in the Eastern Pyrenees, the environmental factors influencing its variability and the relationship between diet floristic composition and quality. Diet composition was determined by microhistological analysis of faeces and diet quality was estimated from free-urate faecal N content. Our results show that grouse diet is based mainly on arctic-alpine shrubs of the Ericaceae family, as well as dwarf willows (Salix spp. and Dryas octopetala. The most frequently consumed plant species was Rhododendron ferrugineum, but its abundance in the diet was negatively related to the diet nitrogen content. Conversely, the abundance of Salix spp., grass leaves and arthropods increased the nitrogen content of the diet. Seasonality associated with snow-melting contributed the most to variability in the Pyrenean ptarmigan diet, differentiating winter from spring/summer diets. The latter was characterised by a high consumption of dwarf willows, flowers, arthropods and tender forb leaves. Geographic area and sex-age class influenced diet variability to a lesser extent. Current temperature increases in the Pyrenees due to global warming may reduce the persistence and surface area of snow-packs where preferred plants for rock ptarmigan usually grow, thus reducing food availability. The high consumption of Rh. ferrugineum characterised the diet of the Pyrenean population. Given the toxicity of this plant for most herbivores, its potential negative effect on Pyrenean ptarmigan populations

Anti-free radical activities of kaempferol isolated from Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. Ex. Del.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Rajbir; Singh, Bikram; Singh, Sukhpreet; Kumar, Neeraj; Kumar, Subodh; Arora, Saroj

2008-12-01

In the present study the polyphenolic compound has been isolated from methanol extract of Acacia nilotica Willd. Ex. Del. which has been identified as kaempferol (AN-5) by NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant potential of the AN-5 was demonstrated in several in vitro assays: measuring the proton radical scavenging activity (DPPH scavenging assay), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (deoxyribose degradation assay), metal chelating activity, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. It was found that the effect of the compound AN-5 was strongly dose dependent up to the concentrations 1-50 microg/ml in DPPH assay and 1-100 microg/ml in deoxyribose degradation assay but did not show further change above the highest concentrations.

Anticancer Effects of 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylanthraquinone and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd against HepG2 Carcinoma Cells Mediated via Apoptosis.

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Yun-Lan Li

Full Text Available Hedyotis Diffusa Willd, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, is a treatment for various diseases including cancer, owing to its mild effectiveness and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to identify the main anticancer components in Hedyotis Diffusa Willd, and explore mechanisms underlying their activity. Hedyotis Diffusa Willd was extracted and fractionated using ethyl acetate to obtain the H-Ethyl acetate fraction, which showed higher anticancer activity than the other fractions obtained against HepG2 cells with sulforhodamine B assays. The active component of the H-Ethyl acetate fraction was identified to be 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone (DMQ with much high inhibitory rate up to 48.9 ± 3.3% and selectivity rate up to 9.4 ± 4.5 folds (p<0.01 at 125 μmol/L. HepG2 cells treated with the fraction and DMQ visualized morphologically using light and fluorescence microscopy. Annexin V--fluorescein isothiocyanate / propidium iodide staining flow cytometry, DNA ladder and cell cycle distribution assays. Mechanistic studies showed up-regulation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 proteases activities (p<0.001, indicating involvement of mitochondrial apoptotic and death receptor pathways. Further studies revealed that reactive oxygen species in DMQ and the fraction treated HepG2 cells increased (p<0.01 while mitochondrial membrane potential reduced significantly (p<0.001 compared to the control by flow cytometry assays. Western blot analysis showed that Bax, p53, Fas, FasL, p21 and cytoplasmic cytochrome C were up-regulated (p<0.01, while Bcl-2, mitochondrial cytochrome C, cyclin E and CDK 2 were down-regulated dose-dependently (p<0.01. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed that mRNA expressions of p53 and Bax increased (p<0.001 while that of Bcl-2 decreased (p<0.001. Pre-treatment with caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD-FMK, or caspase-9 inhibitor Z-LEHD-FMK, attenuated the growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of DMQ and the

Enraizaimento de estacas de Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. com o uso de ácido indolbutírico

OpenAIRE

Elias Mendes Costa; Arcângelo Loss; Heitor Paulo Nascimento Pereira; Jander Ferreira Almeida

2015-01-01

O uso de ácido indolbutírico (IBA) como estimulador do enraizamento em estacas de Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. pode propiciar aumento de raízes para a formação de mudas comercializáveis. Objetivou-se avaliar o enraizamento, a formação de brotos e a sobrevivência de estacas herbáceas, lenhosas e semi-lenhosas de Bougainvillea com o uso de ácido indolbutírico (IBA). As estacas foram coletadas e tratadas com o IBA (1000 e 2000 mg/l). Aos 56 dias avaliaram-se a porcentagem de estacas vivas, e...

Flavonoids from the aerial parts of Artemisia biennis Willd

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M. Mojarrab*

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Background and objectives: The genus Artemisia contains over 250 species all over the world. A. biennis Willd is one of the species which grows wildly in Iran. Camphor and (E-beta-farnesene have been reported as the major components of the essential oil from A. biennis. In spite of the presence of a rather wide range of reported bioactivities there is no previous phytochemical study on  A. biennis. Methods: The plant was collected from Zoshk (Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. Extraction was done by maceration method using petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and equal amounts of water and ethanol (hydroethanolic extract, respectively. A combination of solid phase extraction (SPE and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC of the hydroethanolic extract was used to purify the compounds. Structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic means, including MS and 1HNMR. Results: Three known flavonoids, luteolin, kaempferol and apigenin were isolated and identified from the hydroethanolic extract. Conclusion: Our results are in good agreement with dominant presence of derivatives of the flavones luteolin and apigenin in the genus Artemisia which has been previously reported .

Protection of Spanish Ibex (Capra pyrenaica) against Bluetongue Virus Serotypes 1 and 8 in a Subclinical Experimental Infection

Science.gov (United States)

Lorca-Oró, Cristina; Pujols, Joan; García-Bocanegra, Ignacio; Mentaberre, Gregorio; Granados, José Enrique; Solanes, David; Fandos, Paulino; Galindo, Iván; Domingo, Mariano; Lavín, Santiago; López-Olvera, Jorge Ramón

2012-01-01

Many wild ruminants such as Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) are susceptible to Bluetongue virus (BTV) infection, which causes disease mainly in domestic sheep and cattle. Outbreaks involving either BTV serotypes 1 (BTV-1) and 8 (BTV-8) are currently challenging Europe. Inclusion of wildlife vaccination among BTV control measures should be considered in certain species. In the present study, four out of fifteen seronegative Spanish ibexes were immunized with a single dose of inactivated vaccine against BTV-1, four against BTV-8 and seven ibexes were non vaccinated controls. Seven ibexes (four vaccinated and three controls) were inoculated with each BTV serotype. Antibody and IFN-gamma responses were evaluated until 28 days after inoculation (dpi). The vaccinated ibexes showed significant (P<0.05) neutralizing antibody levels after vaccination compared to non vaccinated ibexes. The non vaccinated ibexes remained seronegative until challenge and showed neutralizing antibodies from 7 dpi. BTV RNA was detected in the blood of non vaccinated ibexes from 2 to the end of the study (28 dpi) and in target tissue samples obtained at necropsy (8 and 28 dpi). BTV-1 was successfully isolated on cell culture from blood and target tissues of non vaccinated ibexes. Clinical signs were unapparent and no gross lesions were found at necropsy. Our results show for the first time that Spanish ibex is susceptible and asymptomatic to BTV infection and also that a single dose of vaccine prevents viraemia against BTV-1 and BTV-8 replication. PMID:22666321

PROPAGACIÓN IN VITRO DE Acacia mangium Willd

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LUZ ANGELA TORRES

Full Text Available Acacia Acacia mangium Willd es una de las especies forestales más plantadas por la calidad de su madera y rápido crecimiento; sin embargo, los estudios de propagación clonal son pocos. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un protocolo de micropropagacion a partir de explantes con meristemos preexistentes. Los explantes consistieron de brotes de plantas de tres meses de edad mantenidas en invernadero. La desinfección se realizó con diferentes concentraciones de hipoclorito de sodio y antibióticos, y fueron establecidos en medio MS con diferentes concentraciones (0; 0,44; 0,88 y 2,22 µM de BAP. Los brotes micropropagados fueron enraizados con diferentes dosis de ANA y AIB, finalmente los brotes, con o sin raíces, fueron transferidos a condiciones ex vitro para evaluar el porcentaje de supervivencia. Los datos mostraron que 1,0% NaOCl y cefalexina (2 mg L-1 permitieron obtener el mayor porcentaje de explantes libres de contaminación (67%. El mayor número promedio de brotes ocurrió con 2,22 µM de BAP y el mayor número promedio de raíces se observo al utilizar 2,69 µM de ANA. La adaptación de las plantas en condiciones ex vitro fue exitoso lográndose obtener un 87% de supervivencia

Pharmacognostic and Physicochemical evaluation of stem bark of Acacia pennata (L.) Willd., a folk plant of the Dimasa tribe of Assam.

OpenAIRE

Reena Terangpi; Ratan Basumatary; A K Tamuli; R Teron

2013-01-01

Bark of Acacia pennata is used in preparation of starter cakes among the Dimasa community of Assam state. The present study attempts to evaluate the pharmacognostical and physicochemical parameters of Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. The transverse section of the stem revealed an epidermis externally subtended by trichomes, a crashed cortical region due to massive secondary growth and large stellate pith. The physico-chemical parameters were evaluated- loss on drying (7%), total ash content (9.3%),...

Efeito genotóxico e antiproliferativo de Mikania cordifolia (L. F. Willd. (Asteraceae sobre o ciclo celular de Allium cepa L.

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M.G. Dias

2014-06-01

Full Text Available As plantas com potencial medicinal têm sido muito utilizadas para o tratamento de doenças no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito genotóxico e antiproliferativo de infusões de Mikania cordifolia (L.F. Willd. sobre o ciclo celular de Allium cepa L. Foram coletadas duas populações no município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, e, para cada uma, foram preparados dois tratamentos em duas concentrações: 4g/500mL e 16g/500mL, além de um controle positivo composto por 10% de glifosato em 90% água, um herbicida amplamente utilizado com conhecido potencial genotóxico, e de um controle negativo composto por água destilada. Após período de 24 horas, as radículas foram coletadas das infusões, fixadas em etanol-ácido acético (3:1 por 24 horas e estocadas em etanol 70%. Foram analisadas células em todas as fases do ciclo celular de A. cepa, totalizando 2500, para cada grupo de bulbos. Os índices mitóticos (IM foram calculados e submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste χ² a 5%. Os resultados mostraram que, em ambas as populações de M. cordifolia, houve redução do IM de todos os tratamentos em relação ao controle negativo. Em ambas as populações, obteve-se aumento nos valores dos índices mitóticos em função do aumento da concentração da infusão. Ocorreram aberrações cromossômicas em ambas as populações estudadas. Concluiu-se que as infusões de M. cordifolia, nas concentrações estudadas, possuem efeito antiproliferativo e mutagênico sobre o ciclo celular de A. cepa.

Anticonvulsant evaluation of Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Apocynaceae, in rodents

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Lucindo J. Quintans-Júnior

Full Text Available The Aim of this study was to evaluated the effects of the ethanol extract of Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Apocynaceae, roots (EER in animal models of epilepsy. The EER increased the latency for convulsions significantly different from control (p<0,05 and in the PTZ induced convulsions test on 62,5 mg/kg (i.p. decreased mortality. This effect was blocked by flumazenil administration, suggesting an involvement of GABAergic system in the anticonvulsant activity of EER. The EER had a moderate effect only against PIC- or STR-induced convulsions at doses 125 and 250 mg/kg. But in the MES test it did not demonstrate effect on this animal model. Therefore, the EER reduced the development of PTZ-induced kindling in both experimental groups. It also significantly (p<0.05 decreased the latency for convulsions and reduced its percentage. Our results suggest that EER owns anticonvulsant property.

Water use efficiency studies of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd provenances in Sudan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mustafa, A.F.; Elamin, K.H.; Salih, A.A.

1996-01-01

An experiment was conducted in 1989 to screen Acacia senegal L. Willd provenances collected from within the natural gum belt for high water use efficiency. Thirteen provenances were tested for water use efficiency and consequently 6 out of them were selected for further screening. The selection was based on their performance in the preliminary screening. Both the preliminary and the detailed study revealed that provenances 7, 3 and 11 combine high dry matter production with high water use efficiency. Water use efficiency and dry matter production appears to be negatively correlated with root length density and root/shoot ratios. Provenances 7 which exhibited the highest water use efficiency and dry matter yield had the lowest root/shoot ratio and also a low root length density. Based on these studies provenance 7 can be considered a suitable candidate for introduction into gum-belt of Sudan through for rehabilitation of this region. (author). 5 refs, 1 fig., 3 tabs

Water use efficiency studies of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd provenances in Sudan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mustafa, A F; Elamin, K H [Forestry Research Section, Wad Medani (Sudan); Salih, A A [Soil Science Section, Wad Medani (Sudan)

1996-07-01

An experiment was conducted in 1989 to screen Acacia senegal L. Willd provenances collected from within the natural gum belt for high water use efficiency. Thirteen provenances were tested for water use efficiency and consequently 6 out of them were selected for further screening. The selection was based on their performance in the preliminary screening. Both the preliminary and the detailed study revealed that provenances 7, 3 and 11 combine high dry matter production with high water use efficiency. Water use efficiency and dry matter production appears to be negatively correlated with root length density and root/shoot ratios. Provenances 7 which exhibited the highest water use efficiency and dry matter yield had the lowest root/shoot ratio and also a low root length density. Based on these studies provenance 7 can be considered a suitable candidate for introduction into gum-belt of Sudan through for rehabilitation of this region. (author). 5 refs, 1 fig., 3 tabs.

Sensitivity of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) varieties to progressive drought stress

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sun, Yujie; Liu, Fulai; Bendevis, Mira Arpe

2014-01-01

Quinoa (ChenopodiumquinoaWilld.) is a highly nutritious Andean seed crop which shows great potential to grow under a range of hostile environments. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences of drought tolerance of a Bolivian (Achachino) and a Danish (Titicaca) variety...... increased CS for stomatal conductance, CT for transpiration and CLfor leaf water potential. Achachino showed significantly lower CT and CL when compared with Titicaca, implying that transpiration and leaf water potential were less affected under mild drought conditions in the Bolivian variety. CS...... in Achachino was significantly higher than CL and CT, which indicated that stomatal conductance declined before transpiration and leaf water potential were reduced. Such difference was found in Titicaca where reduction of leaf area had more effect on transpiration than stomatal closure. Slower growth rate...

ANÁLISE DAS SETE FERRAMENTAS ESTATÍSTICAS DA QUALIDADE UTILIZADAS NOS SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS

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Valéria Vasconcelos Perez

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Com o acelerado crescimento industrial, a competitividade pela eficiência da produtividade e pela disputa de clientes, fez que com as organizações tomassem a qualidade como sinônimo de sua sobrevivência ou fracasso. Com isso, a busca por métodos que auxiliem na detecção de anomalias e melhoria dos processos produtivos. As principais ferramentas estatísticas da qualidade são muito utilizadas para o auxílio na identificação de anomalias, tal como a eliminação das mesmas e ainda proporcionam ao gerente de produção a tomar decisões para a melhoria do processo. Este artigo objetiva buscar conhecimento das ferramentas estatísticas a partir da revisão da literatura. A partir da abordagem da revisão da literatura, foi feita uma pesquisa descritiva, sendo abordado dois estudos de casos que utilizaram as ferramentas da qualidade enfatizando qual ferramenta fora utilizada, sendo estas o Diagrama de Causa e Efeito, Diagrama de Dispersão, Gráfico de Pareto, Histograma, Folha de Verificação, Gráfico de Controle e qual foi a principal função das mesmas. Por fim, de acordo com os resultados analisados é possível afirmar que as ferramentas estatísticas da qualidade foram utilizadas corretamente e ainda as mesmas foram aptas para a análise do processo, tal como indicar possíveis oportunidades de melhorias do processo.

Teorias utilizadas nas investigações sobre gestão do conhecimento

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Luiza A. O. P. Xavier

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A gestão do conhecimento tem sido reconhecida por pesquisadores e usuários como crucial para o crescimento e desenvolvimento das organizações. A área de Sistemas de Informação contribui com investigações sobre gestão do conhecimento. Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as principais teorias que foram utilizadas nas investigações sobre a gestão do conhecimento, considerando as teorias relacionadas com a área de sistemas de informação. As teorias identificadas em cerca de 40% dos artigos analisados são: Game Theory, Social Capital Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, Social Exchange Theory, Dynamic Capabilities e Theory of Reasoned Action. Observou-se que as teorias são utilizadas tanto em investigações sobre gestão do conhecimento, como em pesquisas sobre uma das etapas do seu processo, ou seja, o compartilhamento do conhecimento. Destaca-se também que determinado aspecto da gestão do conhecimento, por exemplo, antecedente do compartilhamento de conhecimento, pode ser investigado utilizando diferentes teorias.

Evaluation of allelopathic impact of aqueous extract of root and aerial root of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) miers on some weed plants

OpenAIRE

K. M. Abdul RAOOF; M. Badruzzaman SIDDIQUI

2012-01-01

The present laboratory experimental study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers on seed germination and seedling growth of weed plants (Chenopodium album L. Chenopodium murale L., Cassia tora L. and Cassia sophera L.). Root and aerial root aqueous extracts of Tinospora at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0% concentrations were applied to determine their effect on seed germination and seedling growth of test plants under laboratory conditions. Germinati...

Retrospective study of pestivirus infection in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) and other ungulates in the Pyrenees (NE Spain).

Science.gov (United States)

Marco, Ignasi; Cabezón, Oscar; Rosell, Rosa; Fernández-Sirera, Laura; Allepuz, Alberto; Lavín, Santiago

2011-04-21

In 2001 a new Pestivirus (Family Flaviviridae) was associated with an outbreak of a previously unreported disease in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) in the Pyrenees (NE Spain). Molecular characterization assigned this virus to the Border Disease Virus (BDV) cluster, BDV-4 genotype. A retrospective study was performed in archived sera and spleen of 74 Pyrenean chamois and in archived sera of 28 mouflon (Ovis ammon), 56 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 43 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and 29 fallow deer (Dama dama) from the Pyrenees between the years 1990 and 2000. Thirty six of 74 (48.6%) sera of Pyrenean chamois, one of mouflon and one of red deer were positive by an ELISA antibody test. Comparative virus neutralization tests were performed on 26 seropositive chamois, one mouflon and one red deer, using five pestivirus strains. An ELISA antigen test was performed on 37 seronegative chamois and yielded positive results in one chamois and inconclusive result in two. RT-PCR and virus isolation performed on spleen samples from these three animals gave positive results in the positive and one inconclusive animal. Sequence analysis in the 5' unstranslated region revealed that they were grouped into the BDV-4 genotype. Virological and serological data of the present study indicate that BDV infection has been present in the chamois population since at least 1990, 11 years before the first outbreak of disease. Therefore, the emergence of the disease in 2001 is apparently due to other factors rather than the introduction of a new virus in the chamois population. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Management of a caseous lymphadenitis outbreak in a new Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) stock reservoir.

Science.gov (United States)

Colom-Cadena, Andreu; Velarde, Roser; Salinas, Jesús; Borge, Carmen; García-Bocanegra, Ignacio; Serrano, Emmanuel; Gassó, Diana; Bach, Ester; Casas-Díaz, Encarna; López-Olvera, Jorge R; Lavín, Santiago; León-Vizcaíno, Luís; Mentaberre, Gregorio

2014-12-10

In 2010, an Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) stock reservoir was established for conservation purposes in north-eastern Spain. Eighteen ibexes were captured in the wild and housed in a 17 hectare enclosure. Once in captivity, a caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) outbreak occurred and ibex handlings were carried out at six-month intervals between 2010 and 2013 to perform health examinations and sampling. Treatment with a bacterin-based autovaccine and penicillin G benzatine was added during the third and subsequent handlings, when infection by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was confirmed. Changes in lesion score, serum anti-C. pseudotuberculosis antibodies and haematological parameters were analyzed to assess captivity effects, disease emergence and treatment efficacy. Serum acute phase proteins (APP) Haptoglobin (Hp), Amyloid A (SAA) and Acid Soluble Glycoprotein (ASG) concentrations were also determined to evaluate their usefulness as indicators of clinical status. Once in captivity, 12 out of 14 ibexes (85.7%) seroconverted, preceding the emergence of clinical signs; moreover, TP, WBC, eosinophil and platelet cell counts increased while monocyte and basophil cell counts decreased. After treatment, casualties and fistulas disappeared and both packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin concentration significantly increased. Hp, SAA and ASG values were under the limit of detection or showed no significant differences. A role for captivity in contagion rate is suggested by the increase in antibody levels against C. pseudotuberculosis and the emergence of clinical signs. Although boosted by captivity, this is the first report of an outbreak of caseous lymphadenitis displaying high morbidity and mortality in wild ungulates. Treatment consisting of both vaccination and antibiotic therapy seemed to prevent mortality and alleviate disease severity, but was not reflected in the humoural response. Haematology and APP were not useful indicators in our study, perhaps due

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the fruits of Vernonia anthelmintica (L Willd.

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Alok Pandey

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Objective: To evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the fruits of Vernonia anthelmintica (L Willd. (V. anthelmintica. Method: Hot plate method in mice, acetic acid induced writhing response in mice, tail immersion test and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats method were used for screening analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the fruit of V. anthelmintica (family: Asteraceae. Results: The result of the study showed that the ethanolic extract of V. anthelmintica (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, p.o. fruits possed peripheral and central analgesic activity in animal model. The V. anthelmintica fruits extract showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity on acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity models in rats. Conclusions: On the basis of result it can be concluded that saponins, steroids, tannins and flavonoids are the major constituents that are present in the fruits of V. anthelmintica which may be responsible for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Performance of Azolla caroliniana Willd. and Salvinia auriculata Aubl. on fish farming effluent.

Science.gov (United States)

Toledo, J J; Penha, J

2011-02-01

The increasing release of untreated fish farming effluents into water courses that flow to the Pantanal wetlands in Mato Grosso (Brazil) may drive this ecosystem to eutrophication. Therefore, the growth of Azolla caroliniana Willd. and Salvinia auriculata Aubl. in fish farming effluent and their effect on its quality were evaluated for 48 days in a greenhouse. The results were compared to those obtained in a nutrient rich solution (Hoagland ½ medium). Azolla caroliniana showed lower relative growth rate in fish farming effluent (0.020 d-1) than in Hoagland ½ medium (0.029 d-1). However, S. auriculata grew slightly better in fish farming effluent (0.030 d-1) than in Hoagland ½ medium (0.025 d-1). The species apparently contributed to reduce nitrate and phosphate concentration in Hoagland ½ medium. However, in fish farming effluent, only electrical conductivity and pH were reduced by plants compared to the control without plants. Thus, A. caroliniana and S. auriculata show low potential for improving effluent quality.

Development of Betalain Producing Callus Lines from Colored Quinoa Varieties (Chenopodium quinoa Willd).

Science.gov (United States)

Henarejos-Escudero, Paula; Guadarrama-Flores, Berenice; Guerrero-Rubio, M Alejandra; Gómez-Pando, Luz Rayda; García-Carmona, Francisco; Gandía-Herrero, Fernando

2018-01-17

Betalains are water-soluble plant pigments of hydrophilic nature with promising bioactive potential. Among the scarce edible sources of betalains is the grain crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), with violet, red, and yellow grains being colored by these pigments. In this work, callus cultures have been developed from differently colored plant varieties. Stable callus lines exhibited color and pigment production when maintained on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with the plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine (8.88 μM) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (6.79 μM) with a reduction of the nitrogen source to 5.91 mM. Pigment analysis by HPLC-DAD and ESI-MS/MS fully describes the content of individual pigments in the cell lines and allows the first report on the pigments present in quinoa seedlings. Phyllocactin and vulgaxanthin I are described as novel pigments in the species and show the potential of C. quinoa culture lines in the production of compounds of nutritional value.

Constituents of Artemisia indica Willd. from Uttarakhand Himalaya: A source of davanone.

Science.gov (United States)

Haider, S Zafar; Mohan, Manindra; Andola, Harish Chandra

2014-07-01

The genus Artemisia is important due to its medicinal properties as well as vital aroma compounds of commercial value. The aim of the study was to explore the potential of the essential oil of Artemisia indica wildly growing in Uttarakhand. The aerial parts of Artemisia indica Willd. (Asteraceae), collected from wild growing habitat of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand (north of India) at full flowering stage were hydro-distilled and gave pale yellow oil with the yield of 0.8% (v/w). The obtained essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS and identified 32 components, amounting 95.42% of the oil. Among detected compounds, the principal component was found to be davanone (30.80%), followed by β-pinene (15.30%) and germacrene-D (5.82%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on A. indica from Himalayan region of India, which detected davanone as major component. The species, collected from a specific location, can be explored for isolation of davanone for its industrial utilization and as alternate source of Artemisia pallens, which have already established commercial value.

STUDI PRODUKTIVITAS DAN RENDEMEN INDUSTRI PENGGERGAJIAN KAYU AKASIA DAUN LEBAR (Acacia mangium Willd DI KECAMATAN LANDASAN ULIN KOTA BANJARBARU KALIMANTAN SELATAN

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Rosidah R Radam

2016-08-01

Full Text Available The activity of sawmill have been long enough done by local society because very assistive and add production socialize, some of owner of bandsaw/sawmill also make this effort as effort remain to and there is also making it as effort peripheral.  Intention of this research is to know industrial and rendemen productivity of sawmill of acacia wide leaf wood (Acacia mangium Willd.  The method that being used is method of direct measurement and observation in industrial location of sawmill of acacia wide leaf wood and method of direct interview and also record data that related to this research.  The analyse data is productivity calculation, rendemen and waste.  Productivity mean of industrial sawmill of acacia wide leaf wood is equal to 6,38 m3/day or 0,0160 m3/hours. Rendemen mean of industrial sawmill of acacia wide leaf wood is equal to 80,011%.  Mean of industrial disposal of sawmill of acacia wide leaf wood is equal to 19,99% (1,62 m3, this matter is caused by a quality wood of good Acacia (not many experiencing of handicap of wood.  From result of research suggested to conduct research of continuation hit influence of other factor to productivity and rendemen at acacia wide leaf wood sawmill like age, environmental work (arrange situation, and the worker education. Keyords :  productivity, rendemen, waste, sawmill, acacia wide leaf wood (Acacia mangium Willd

Epiphytic bryophytes of Quercus forests in Central and North inland Iberian Peninsula

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Nagore García Medina

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Diversity patterns are governed by a complex network of interacting factors. Studies directed to disentangle the most important factors affecting diversity have frequently shown divergent results, which has encouraged a rewarding debate about the relative importance of each factor. Scale dependency has been identified as a direct cause of at least part of such divergences. However, studies with spatially-explicit measurements at different scales are costly and therefore they are relatively scarce despite their importance. Here, we present a database to disentangle the cross-scale variation in the importance of factors affecting the diversity of epiphytic bryophyte communities in Quercus dominated forests (Quercus ilex L., Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Quercus faginea Lam. in the North-western region of the Iberian Peninsula. We provide species-per-site abundance information with more than 9000 entries and an environmental table containing 20 in situ measured variables at three different scales (forest, stand, and sample. The database will help to advance the research of cross-scale effects of diversity patterns while at the same time providing valuable information on the distribution of a poorly known group of organisms. 

Effects of salinity and soil-drying on radiation use efficiency, water productivity and yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Razzaghi, Fatemeh; Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid; Jacobsen, Sven-Erik

2012-01-01

Drought and salinity reduce crop productivity especially in arid and semi-arid regions, and finding a crop which produces yield under these adverse conditions is therefore very important. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is such a crop. Hence, a study was conducted in field lysimeters to invest...... matter. Increasing salinity from 20 to 40 dS m-1 did not further decrease the seed number per m2 and seed yield, which shows that quinoa (cv. Titicaca) acclimated to saline conditions when exposed to salinity levels between 20 and 40 dS m-1....

Chemical and sensory evaluation of dark chocolate with addition of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).

Science.gov (United States)

Schumacher, Andrea B; Brandelli, Adriano; Macedo, Fernanda C; Pieta, Luiza; Klug, Tâmmila V; de Jong, Erna V

2010-03-01

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is a good source of vitamin E containing high quality protein. A dark chocolate with the addition of 12, 16 or 20% quinoa was developed. The protein concentration of the products increased as the percentage of quinoa increased. The product containing 20% quinoa showed only 9% increase in vitamin E, while the quantity of polyphenols decreased from 23.5 to 18 μmol pirocatechin/g. The amount of essential amino acids was improved in samples containing quinoa. Cysteine, tyrosine and methionine increased by 104, 72, 70%, respectively in chocolate containing 20% quinoa. The amino acid pattern was as per WHO standards, which was adequate to human needs. The chocolate with quinoa was approved by 92% of the sensory panel. All the samples showed an index of acceptance above 70%. Quinoa could be used at the levels evaluated in this study adding its potential health benefit to the dark chocolate.

Erythrina velutina Willd. - Fabaceae: Árvore de múltiplos usos no nordeste brasileiro

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Laércio Wanderley dos Santos

2014-05-01

Full Text Available 800x600  O mulungu (Erythrina velutina Willd. é uma árvore que ocorre no nordeste do Brasil e usada como medicinal, madeireira, artesanal, ornamental e como componente de sistema agroflorestais. A partir de consulta a Bases Bibliográficas foi realizada uma revisão sobre a espécie tratando os aspectos taxonômicos e botânicos, composição química e aplicações na fitoterapia, propagação e conservação. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}

Performance of Azolla caroliniana Willd. and Salvinia auriculata Aubl. on fish farming effluent

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JJ. Toledo

Full Text Available The increasing release of untreated fish farming effluents into water courses that flow to the Pantanal wetlands in Mato Grosso (Brazil may drive this ecosystem to eutrophication. Therefore, the growth of Azolla caroliniana Willd. and Salvinia auriculata Aubl. in fish farming effluent and their effect on its quality were evaluated for 48 days in a greenhouse. The results were compared to those obtained in a nutrient rich solution (Hoagland ½ medium. Azolla caroliniana showed lower relative growth rate in fish farming effluent (0.020 d-1 than in Hoagland ½ medium (0.029 d-1. However, S. auriculata grew slightly better in fish farming effluent (0.030 d-1 than in Hoagland ½ medium (0.025 d-1. The species apparently contributed to reduce nitrate and phosphate concentration in Hoagland ½ medium. However, in fish farming effluent, only electrical conductivity and pH were reduced by plants compared to the control without plants. Thus, A. caroliniana and S. auriculata show low potential for improving effluent quality.

SHADING AND SUBSTRATE ON THE PRODUCTION OF SEEDLINGS OF Erythrina velutina Willd.

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Laércio Wanderley dos Santos

2013-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509812341Erythrina velutina Willd. (Fabaceae is used in traditional medicine in northeastern Brazil for its sudorificproperties, soothing, emollient, pectoral and local anesthetic. The aim of this study was to evaluate theeffect of substrate and shading on seedlings of Erythrina velutina. The experimental design was completelyrandomized in factorial scheme 5 x 2 (five substrates and two shades, with four replications and 10 plantsin each plot. The substrates were arisco, arisco + cattle manure 2:1 v/v, arisco + cattle manure 3:1 v/v, sand+ cattle manure 2:1 v/v, sand + cattle manure 3:1 v/v. The shadings were 0% shading (full sunlight and50% shading. The characteristics evaluated were stem diameter, height, leaf area, green and dry biomass ofroots and shoots, height/diameter and Dickson quality index.There was no significant difference in diameterbetween the different substrates. The environment in full sun favored the diameter and the root biomasswhereas the height was favored by shade. The substrates with cattle manure in its composition favorsthe development of plants of Erythrina velutina and higher seedling quality are produced in full sun andsubstrate arisco + cattle manure in the ratio 2:1

Chemical composition, plant genetic differences, and antifungal activity of the essential oil of Helichrysum italicum G. Don ssp. microphyllum (Willd) Nym.

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Angioni, Alberto; Barra, Andrea; Arlorio, Marco; Coisson, Jean Daniel; Russo, Maria T; Pirisi, Filippo M; Satta, Maurizio; Cabras, Paolo

2003-02-12

The chemical composition of the essential oil of the Sardinian dwarf curry plant [Helichrysum italicum G. Don ssp. microphyllum (Willd) Nym] was studied. Genetic analysis suggested the presence of two chemotypes; morphological and chemical differences confirmed the presence of two chemotypes (A and B). The maximum yields were 0.18 and 0.04% (v/w) for flowering tops and stems, respectively. The concentrations of nerol and its esters (acetate and propionate), limonene, and linalool reach their highest values during the flowering stage both in flowers and in stems. Besides the essential oil, type B showed an interesting antifungal activity.

EXPRESSÕES ORAIS POPULARES UTILIZADAS PELO POVO DO LAVRADO EM RORAIMA

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Sebastião Pereira Nascimento

2016-08-01

Full Text Available São apresentadas 564 expressões orais populares utilizadas pelos habitantes do lavrado em Roraima. A maioria dos significados dos termos é originária da herança cultural trazida pelo povo nordestino radicado nos Campos do Rio Branco desde o século XIX. As línguas indígenas também têm influência nestas expressões orais locais, com destaque para as famílias linguísticas Karib e Aruak. Alguns termos têm influências culturais de outras regiões brasileiras e fragmentos de línguas estrangeiras.

Substrate for tests of seedlings emergency and seed vigor of Erythrina velutina Willd., Fabaceae/ Substratos para testes de emergência de plântulas e vigor de sementes de Erythrina velutina Willd., Fabaceae

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Edson de Almeida Cardoso

2008-08-01

Full Text Available This research work had as objective to evaluate the effect of different substrates on emergence and seedlings development of Erythrina velutina Willd. The experiment was carried out at the greenhouse of the Laboratory of Vegetable Ecology in the Center of Agrarian Sciences - Federal University of Paraíba. The substrates evaluated were washed sand; washed sand + vermiculite in the proportions of 1:1, 3:1 and 1:3; vegetable earth, vegetable earth + washed sand in the proportions of 1:1, 3:1 and 1:3, vegetable earth + vermiculite in the proportions of 1:1, 3:1 and 1:3, vermiculite, bioclone®, bioplant® and plugmix®. The experimental design was completely randomized with fifteen treatments (substrates and four replications of 25 seeds. The effect was evaluated through percent of emergence, first count, emergence velocity index, medium time and relative frequency of emergency, length and dry mass of the root and it leaves aerial of the seedling. The substrates sand and vermiculite had the best results and are recommended for conduction of tests of emergency of mulungu seedlings.Com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes substratos na emergência e desenvolvimento de plântulas de Erythrina velutina Willd. foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação pertencente ao Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Foram comparados os substratos areia lavada; areia lavada + vermiculita na proporção de 1:1, 3:1 e 1:3; terra vegetal, terra vegetal + areia lavada na proporção de 1:1, 3:1 e 1:3, terra vegetal + vermiculita na proporção de 1:1, 3:1 e 1:3, vermiculita, bioclone®, bioplant® e plugmix®. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com 15 tratamentos (substratos e quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: porcentagem de emergência, primeira contagem, índice de velocidade, tempo médio e frequência relativa de

Rentabilidad de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) asociada a la implementación del riego tecnificado en el Callejón de Huaylas

OpenAIRE

Ramírez Bojórquez, Oscar Horacio

2016-01-01

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Economía Agrícola Esta investigación busca determinar los beneficios económicos que reportara la implementación de un sistema de riego tecnificado asociado al cultivo de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) en la zona del Callejón de Huaylas. Aprovechando las ventajas comparativas que presenta el cultivo de la quinua en nuestro medio, en un mercado de precios crecientes, alta demanda en el mercado interno y grandes p...

Entomofauna Associada a Galhos de Acacia mangium Willd. Roletados por Oncideres saga (Dalman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae

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Gláucia Cordeiro

2010-04-01

Abstract. The study of the insects associated with branches and stems girdled by Oncideres saga (Dalman is important to know its possible natural enemies. Therefore, these work had the objective of register the insects associated with branches and stems girdled of Acacia mangium Willd. by this twig girdler beetle, in Coimbra, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Stems and branches of A. mangium were collected in January/2007 to April/2007. This material has been inspected, stored in plastic bags, and kept in a room with controlled conditions (25.4 ± 0.3°C and 66.7 ± 1.4%. It was noted the presence of a non-determined species of Scolytidae and the emergence of four species of Cerambycidae: Engyum quadrinotatum Thomsom; Eburodacrys sexmaculata (Olivier; Achryson surinamum (Linnaeus and Neoclytus pusillus (Laporte & Gory. It can be concluded that studies are needed with the objective of verify the behavior of these insects in relation with twig girdler O. saga.

Characterisation of phenolics, betanins and antioxidant activities in seeds of three Chenopodium quinoa Willd. genotypes.

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Yao; Li, Xihong; Zhang, Bing; Chen, Peter X; Liu, Ronghua; Tsao, Rong

2015-01-01

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is known for its exceptional nutritional value and potential health benefits. The present study identified the composition of different forms of extractable phenolics and betacyanins of quinoa cultivars in white, red and black, and how they contribute to antioxidant activities. Results showed that at least 23 phenolic compounds were found in either free or conjugated forms (liberated by alkaline and/or acid hydrolysis); the majority of which were phenolic acids, mainly vanillic acid, ferulic acid and their derivatives as well as main flavonoids quercetin, kaempferol and their glycosides. Betacyanins, mainly betanin and isobetanin, were confirmed for the first time to be the pigments of the red and black quinoa seeds, instead of anthocyanins. Darker quinoa seeds had higher phenolic concentration and antioxidant activity. Findings of these phenolics, along with betacyanins in this study add new knowledge to the functional components of quinoa seeds of different cultivar background. Crown Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Phytotoxic and Antioxidant Potential of Heliotropium strigosum Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Khurm, Muhammad; Chaudhry, Bashir A; Uzair, Muhammad; Janbaz, Khalid H

2016-07-28

Background: Heliotropium strigosum Willd. (Chitiphal) is a medicinally important herb that belongs to the Boraginaceae family. Traditionally, this plant was used in the medication therapy of various ailments in different populations of the world. The aim of the study is to probe the therapeutic aspects of H. strigosum described in the traditional folklore history of medicines. Methods: In the present study, the dichloromethane crude extract of this plant was screened to explore the antimicrobial, cytotoxic, phytotoxic and antioxidant potential of H. strigosum . For antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities, microplate alamar blue assay (MABA), agar tube dilution method and diphenyl picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay were used, respectively. The cytotoxic and phytotoxic potential were demonstrated by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and Lemna minor assay. Results: The crude extract displayed positive cytotoxic activity in the brine shrimp lethality assay, with 23 of 30 shrimps dying at the concentration of 1000 µg/mL. It also showed moderate phytotoxic potential with percent inhibition of 50% at the concentration of 1000 µg/mL. The crude extract exhibited no significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , Shigella flexneri , Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Non-significant antifungal and radical scavenging activity was also shown by the dichloromethane crude extract. Conclusion: It is recommended that scientists focus on the identification and isolation of beneficial bioactive constituents with the help of advanced scientific methodologies that seems to be helpful in the synthesis of new therapeutic agents of desired interest.

The infestation by an exotic ambrosia beetle, Euplatypus parallelus (F. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae of Angsana trees (Pterocarpus indicus Willd. in southern Thailand

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Sara Bumrungsri

2008-07-01

Full Text Available An exotic ambrosia beetle, Euplatypus parallelus (F. was collected from infested Pterocarpus indicus Willd. trees in Prince of Songkla University. Larvae and eggs were found in simple galleries with a single branch. Either a single male or a male and a female were found in each gallery. Half of these infested trees were previously attacked by long-horned beetles probably Aristobia horridula (Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, while some of them appeared to be healthy. Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.:Fr. was isolated from frass, sapwood samples and insect larvae, and might be a cause of death of P.indicus.

Ecophysiological Analysis of Drought and Salinity Stress Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.

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Bosque Sanchez, H.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available We have studied the relative influence of drought and salinity stress, with similar soil water potentials on growth, water relations and photosynthetic rate of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd., testing at the same time certain techniques of stress physiology studies. As treatments, we have imposed two levels of salinity stress (S1 = 3852, 8 mg. V-1 NaCI and S2 = 8051.2 mg. V-1 NaCI and two of levels of drought stress with-0.159 MPa (D1 and -0, 279 MPa (D2 of soil water potentials (f^, and the control (c treatment without stress (65 % of volumetric soil water content, i. e. ¥m = -0.059 MPa. Our results of the greenhouse experiment have shown that quinoa has better relative and absolute growth rate in saline conditions, and the plant have developed adaptations mechanisms to drought through higher water use efficiency and high root/shoot ratio. The stomatal resistance and leaf water potential were higher as higher were the stress conditions. The variable chlorophyll fluoresence to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence-ratio (Fv/Fm and the fluorescence quenching analysis (photochemical : qP and non-photochemical : qN have shown the plants under drought stress are less protected against photoinhibition. Finally the use of Dynamic Diffusion Porometer has limitations for studies of plants species with salt bladders as quinoa.

Genetic diversity and population structure of a protected species: Polygala tenuifolia Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Peng, Yan Qun; Fan, Ling Ling; Mao, Fu Ying; Zhao, Yun Sheng; Xu, Rui; Yin, Yu Jie; Chen, Xin; Wan, De Guang; Zhang, Xin Hui

2018-03-01

Polygala tenuifolia Willd. is an important protected species used in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were employed to characterize the genetic diversity in wild and cultivated P. tenuifolia populations. Twelve primer combinations of AFLP produced 310 unambiguous and repetitious bands. Among these bands, 261 (84.2%) were polymorphic. The genetic diversity was high at the species level: percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL)=84.2%, Nei's gene diversity (h)=0.3296 and Shannon's information index (I)=0.4822. Between the two populations, the genetic differentiation of 0.1250 was low and the gene flow was relatively high, at 3.4989. The wild population (PPL=81.9%, h=0.3154, I=0.4635) showed a higher genetic diversity level than the cultivated population (PPL=63.9%, h=0.2507, I=0.3688). The results suggest that the major factors threatening the persistence of P. tenuifolia resources are ecological and human factors rather than genetic. These results will assist with the design of conservation and management programs, such as in natural habitat conservation, setting the excavation time interval for resource regeneration and the substitution of cultivated for wild plants. Copyright © 2018 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Práticas utilizadas pelas puérperas nos problemas mamários Práticas utilizadas por las puerperas en los problemas mamarios Practices used by women at post-birth on nipple problems

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Nelci Terezinha Zorzi

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Estudo qualitativo, do tipo Convergenteassistencial, objetivando conhecer as práticas adotadas pelas puérperas para a resolução dos problemas mamários, no domicílio, e intervir para a sua resolução. Foram participantes quatorze puérperas, que estavam amamentando e recebendo atendimento em um Centro de Atenção Integral a Saúde. Utilizou-se entrevista semi-estruturada, observação participante e anotações em diário de campo, analisadas conforme proposta de Trentini e Paim. Os temas foram: Práticas utilizadas pelas puérperas nos problemas mamários; Repercussões dos mesmos no desmame e a promoção do aleitamento materno. A diversificação de produtos utilizados pelas puérperas, e a necessidade dos profissionais de saúde conhecerem as práticas utilizadas nas comunidades e se atualizarem em relação ao aleitamento materno, para a sua promoção, foram os achados encontrados.Estudio calitativo del tipo ConvergenteAsistencial, objetivando conocer las prácticas adoptadas por las puérperas para la resolución de los problemas mamarios, en el domicilio, e intervenir para su resolución. Fueron participantes catorze puérperas, que estaban amamantando y recibiendo atendimiento en un Centro de Atención Integral a la Salud. Se utilizó encuesta semiestructurada, observación participante y apuntes en diario de campo, analizadas según propuesta de Trentini y Paim. Los temas fueron: Prácticas utilizadas por las puérperas en los problemas mamarios; Repercusiones de los mismos en la desmama y la promoción del amamantamiento materno. La diversificación de productos utilizados por las puérperas, la necesidad de los profesionales de salud conocieren las prácticas utilizadas en las comunidades y se actualizaren en relación al amamantamiento materno, para su promoción, fueron los hallados encontrados.This is a qualitative study, of Convergentassistential type, with the objective of knowing the women's practices at post-birth for

Estrategias psicosociales utilizadas para el cambio de actitud hacia personas discriminadas por su discapacidad o trastorno mental

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Jesus Armando Delgado Meza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo permitió realizar una revisión de las estrategias psicosociales relacionadas con el cambio de actitud que suelen ser utilizadas en programas que buscan la modificación actitudinal especialmente en la percepción que tiene la población hacia personas en situación vulnerable de discriminación como suelen ser los discapacitados y los que presentan trastorno mental. Se utilizó la técnica de revisión documental con consultas en bases de datos científicas de Psicología, que arrojó 80 referencias de las cuales 58 hicieron parte del estudio. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran que las estrategias más utilizadas y comunes a los dos tipos de discriminación en programas de reorientación actitudinal son: la educación y el contacto social, que suelen ser combinadas con otros tipos de técnicas.

Effects of growth retardants and fumigations with ozone and sulfur dioxide on growth and flowering of Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cathey, H.M.; Heggestad, H.E.

1973-01-01

Eight cultivars of poinsettia, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd., were evaluated for sensitivity to ..cap alpha..-cyclopropyl-..cap alpha.. (4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidine methanol (ancymidol) and protection from ozone and sulfur dioxide injury afforded by applications of ancymidol and (2-chloroethyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride (chlormequat). Foliar sprays of ancymidol were at least 80 to 500 times and the soil drench 1000 times more active than chlormequat in retarding stem elongation. The diam of the bracts was reduced, but branching increased more on plants treated with ancymidol than on untreated plants. The cv. Annette Hegg (AH) was more sensitive to ozone fumigations than was Eckespoint C-1' (C-1). Sulfur dioxide also caused more injury to AH than to C-1. Ancymidol and chlormequat reduced visible injury induced by ozone and sulfur dioxide.

Water deficit stress-induced changes in carbon and nitrogen partitioning in Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Bascuñán-Godoy, Luisa; Reguera, Maria; Abdel-Tawab, Yasser M; Blumwald, Eduardo

2016-03-01

Water deficit stress followed by re-watering during grain filling resulted in the induction of the ornithine pathway and in changes in Quinoa grain quality. The genetic diversity of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (Quinoa) is accompanied by an outstanding environmental adaptability and high nutritional properties of the grains. However, little is known about the biochemical and physiological mechanisms associated with the abiotic stress tolerance of Quinoa. Here, we characterized carbon and nitrogen metabolic changes in Quinoa leaves and grains in response to water deficit stress analyzing their impact on the grain quality of two lowland ecotypes (Faro and BO78). Differences in the stress recovery response were found between genotypes including changes in the activity of nitrogen assimilation-associated enzymes that resulted in differences in grain quality. Both genotypes showed a common strategy to overcome water stress including the stress-induced synthesis of reactive oxygen species scavengers and osmolytes. Particularly, water deficit stress induced the stimulation of the ornithine and raffinose pathways. Our results would suggest that the regulation of C- and N partitioning in Quinoa during grain filling could be used for the improvement of the grain quality without altering grain yields.

Biological effects of hydrolyzed quinoa extract from seeds of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Meneguetti, Quele Adriana; Brenzan, Mislaine Adriana; Batista, Marcia Regina; Bazotte, Roberto Barbosa; Silva, Daniel Rodrigues; Garcia Cortez, Diógenes Aparício

2011-06-01

An extract from seeds of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (quinoa), termed hydrolyzed quinoa (HQ), was obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis from seeds of the quinoa variety BRS-Piabiru. Analysis of the physical and chemical properties of quinoa and HQ showed that the hydrolyzed extract is rich in essential amino acids, particularly those with branched chains (leucine, isoleucine, and valine). In addition, we evaluated the biological effects of HQ, particularly the toxicological potential. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to four groups: (1) sedentary supplemented group, which received HQ (2,000 mg/kg); (2) sedentary control group, non-supplemented; (3) exercised supplemented group (i.e., rats subjected to aerobic physical exercise that received HQ [2,000 mg/kg]); and (4) exercised control group (i.e., rats subjected to aerobic physical exercise, non-supplemented). After 30 days, all groups were analyzed for levels of serum glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, total protein, albumin, uric acid, and urea and activities of the enzymes alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Body weight gain, dietary intake, and lipid deposition were also analyzed. The results showed no hepatic and renal toxicity of HQ. Moreover, decreased food intake, body weight, fat deposition, and blood triacylglycerol level were observed in the supplemented groups (sedentary and exercised supplemented groups). These results suggest a potential use of HQ in human nutrition.

Predicting the Potential Distribution of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. under Climate Change in China.

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Hongjun Jiang

Full Text Available Global warming has created opportunities and challenges for the survival and development of species. Determining how climate change may impact multiple ecosystem levels and lead to various species adaptations is necessary for both biodiversity conservation and sustainable biological resource utilization. In this study, we employed Maxent to predict changes in the habitat range and altitude of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. under current and future climate scenarios in China. Four representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5 were modeled for two time periods (2050 and 2070. The model inputs included 732 presence points and nine sets of environmental variables under the current conditions and the four RCPs in 2050 and 2070. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC curve (AUC was used to evaluate model performance. All of the AUCs were greater than 0.80, thereby placing these models in the "very good" category. Using a jackknife analysis, the precipitation in the warmest quarter, annual mean temperature, and altitude were found to be the top three variables that affect the range of P. tenuifolia. Additionally, we found that the predicted highly suitable habitat was in reasonable agreement with its actual distribution. Furthermore, the highly suitable habitat area was slowly reduced over time.

Análise espectral de flores utilizadas por aves nectarívoras em uma área urbana no Sudeste do Brasil

OpenAIRE

Toledo, MCB.; Donatelli, RJ.

2010-01-01

Análise espectral de flores utilizada por aves nectarívoras em áreas urbanas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer a característica espectral das flores produtoras de néctar visitadas por nectarívoros em áreas urbanas. Este estudo foi desenvolvido na região central do município de Taubaté, no nordeste do Estado de São Paulo. As áreas amostradas incluíram espaços verdes, tais como praças e parques e a vegetação das ruas e avenidas. Foram registradas 12 espécies de plantas utilizadas por c...

Phytotoxicity of organic extracts of Turnera ulmifolia L. and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. in cucumber seeds

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Daniel Moreto Silvestre

2013-09-01

Full Text Available We evaluated the phytotoxic effects that the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from leaves and branches of the species Turnera ulmifolia L. and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. (Turneraceae, at concentrations of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 mg ml-1, have on seed germination and seedling development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.. None of the extracts tested prevented germination, although the ethyl acetate extracts of T. diffusa, at 3.75 and 5.00 mg ml-1, reduced the mean germination speed and time to germination. Hexane extracts of both species reduced the main root length, number of secondary roots and hypocotyl length. In the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, the number of secondary roots and hypocotyl length varied by species and concentration. Ethyl acetate extracts of T. ulmifolia at 2.50 mg ml-1. Comparatively, T. diffusa extracts inhibited development to a greater degree, thus presenting greater allelopathic potential, than did T. ulmifolia extracts.

KARAKTERISASI DAN SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAUN SINGKIL (Premna corymbosa Rottl & Willd

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Risa Supriningrum

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Empirically, singkil leaves are used as uric acid medicine. Preliminary research data on the characterization of simplicia and singkil leaf extract (Premna corymbosa Rottl & Willd have not been reported. The purpose of this research is to know the characteristics of simplicia and young and old leaf extracts and their chemical content. The simplisia extraction was done by maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. The research stages are starting from sampling, plant determination, simplisia making, maceration extraction, characteristic examination and phytochemical screening. Result of characterization of simplicia, macroscopic of singkil leaves have green color, tip of tapered leaf, root of blunt leaf, rompang, jagged leaf edge, round and round leaves shape, pinnate leaf bone, thin leaf meat, leaf length 10.9 to 15 cm. Leaf width 6.3 to 9.6 cm. Microscopic observations found fragments of stodata type identifiers of diasitik, parasitic, spiral vein formation, hair cover, glandular trichomes. Water content of young leaves 8%, 5.5% old leaves, 3% water soluble sari content, 1.5% old leaves, 2% ethanol soluble sugary leaves, 1.5% leaflets, young leaf ash content 4,86%, old leaf of 7.01%, ash content of young leaf acid 2,20% and old leaf 3,14%. Moisture content of young leaves 17,5%, 17% old leaves, 0% water soluble leaf extract, 1% old leaf, soluble ethanol extract 0,5%, old leaf 4%, young leaf ash content 38, 5%, 11.6% old leaves, ash content of young leaf acids 1.51%, old leaves 2.33%. Secondary metabolites of simplicia and extracts are known to contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids / terpenoids.

Two different epidemiological scenarios of border disease in the populations of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica after the first disease outbreaks.

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Laura Fernández-Sirera

Full Text Available Since 2001 several outbreaks of a new disease associated with Border disease virus (BDV infection have caused important declines in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica populations in the Pyrenees. The goal of this study was to analyze the post-outbreak BDV epidemiology in the first two areas affected by disease with the aim to establish if the infection has become endemic. We also investigated if BDV infected wild and domestic ruminants sharing habitat with chamois. Unexpectedly, we found different epidemiological scenarios in each population. Since the disease outbreaks, some chamois populations recuperated quickly, while others did not recover as expected. In chamois from the first areas, prevalence was high (73.47% and constant throughout the whole study period and did not differ between chamois born before and after the BDV outbreak; in all, BDV was detected by RT-PCR in six chamois. In the other areas, prevalence was lower (52.79% and decreased during the study period; as well, prevalence was significantly lower in chamois born after the disease outbreak. No BDV were detected in this population. A comparative virus neutralisation test performed with four BDV strains and one Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV strain showed that all the chamois had BDV-specific antibodies. Pestivirus antibodies were detected in all the rest of analyzed species, with low prevalence values in wild ruminants and moderate values in domestic ruminants. No viruses were detected in these species. These results confirm the hypothesis that outbreaks of BDV infection only affect the Pyrenean chamois, although other wild ruminants can occasionally be infected. In conclusion, two different scenarios have appeared since the first border disease outbreaks in Pyrenean chamois: on the one hand frequent BDV circulation with possible negative impact on population dynamics in some areas and on the other, lack of virus circulation and quick recovery of the chamois population.

Border Disease Virus among Chamois, Spain

Science.gov (United States)

Rosell, Rosa; Cabezón, Oscar; Mentaberre, Gregorio; Casas, Encarna; Velarde, Roser; Lavín, Santiago

2009-01-01

Approximately 3,000 Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) died in northeastern Spain during 2005–2007. Border disease virus infection was identified by reverse transcription–PCR and sequencing analysis. These results implicate this virus as the primary cause of death, similar to findings in the previous epizootic in 2001. PMID:19239761

Enraizaimento de estacas de Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. com o uso de ácido indolbutírico

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Elias Mendes Costa

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O uso de ácido indolbutírico (IBA como estimulador do enraizamento em estacas de Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. pode propiciar aumento de raízes para a formação de mudas comercializáveis. Objetivou-se avaliar o enraizamento, a formação de brotos e a sobrevivência de estacas herbáceas, lenhosas e semi-lenhosas de Bougainvillea com o uso de ácido indolbutírico (IBA. As estacas foram coletadas e tratadas com o IBA (1000 e 2000 mg/l. Aos 56 dias avaliaram-se a porcentagem de estacas vivas, enraizadas e com brotos; o número de brotos e de raízes por estaca e o comprimento da maior raiz e maior broto. As menores porcentagens de enraizamento foram verificadas nas estacas sem o uso de IBA. Maiores diferenças foram verificadas para as estacas lenhosas. O uso do IBA favorece o enraizamento de estacas de Bougainvillea, com melhor desempenho para as estacas lenhosas e na concentração de 2000 mg/l de IBA

Nutrition facts and functional potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd.), an ancient Andean grain: a review.

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Vega-Gálvez, Antonio; Miranda, Margarita; Vergara, Judith; Uribe, Elsa; Puente, Luis; Martínez, Enrique A

2010-12-01

Quinoa, Chenopodium quinoa Willd., is an Amaranthacean, stress-tolerant plant cultivated along the Andes for the last 7000 years, challenging highly different environmental conditions ranging from Bolivia, up to 4.500 m of altitude, to sea level, in Chile. Its grains have higher nutritive value than traditional cereals and it is a promising worldwide cultivar for human consumption and nutrition. The quinoa has been called a pseudo-cereal for botanical reasons but also because of its unusual composition and exceptional balance between oil, protein and fat. The quinoa is an excellent example of 'functional food' that aims at lowering the risk of various diseases. Functional properties are given also by minerals, vitamins, fatty acids and antioxidants that can make a strong contribution to human nutrition, particularly to protect cell membranes, with proven good results in brain neuronal functions. Its minerals work as cofactors in antioxidant enzymes, adding higher value to its rich proteins. Quinoa also contains phytohormones, which offer an advantage over other plant foods for human nutrition. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry.

Revisão sistemática das escalas utilizadas para avaliação funcional na doença de Pompe Revisión sistemática de las escalas utilizadas para evaluación funcional en la enfermedad de Pompe Systematic review of functional assessment scales in Pompe disease

OpenAIRE

Alana Karla Savegnago; Rosângela Maria da Silva; Cíntia Jonhston; Ana Maria Martins; Ana Paula L. de Melo; Werther Brunow de Carvalho

2012-01-01

OBJETIVO: Identificar as escalas utilizadas para avaliação funcional na doença de Pompe (DP) e descrever seu nível de evidência e recomendação. FONTES DE DADOS: Revisão sistemática sobre as escalas de avaliação funcional na DP. Pesquisa realizada nos bancos de dados Medline, Lilacs, Registro Cochrane de Ensaios Controlados Central (CCTR) e SciELO com artigos (exceto artigos de revisão) publicados entre 2000 e 2010. As palavras-chave utilizadas nos idiomas português e inglês foram: doença de d...

Unraveling the genetic history of the European wild goats

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Ureña, I.; Ersmark, E.; Samaniego, J. A.; Galindo-Pellicena, M. A.; Crégut-Bonnoure, E.; Bolívar, H.; Gómez-Olivencia, A.; Rios-Garaizar, J.; Garate, D.; Dalén, L.; Arsuaga, J. L.; Valdiosera, C. E.

2018-04-01

The population history of the Iberian wild goat and the Alpine ibex has been closely related to that of humans since the Palaeolithic. Current molecular and paleontological studies differ substantially on the phylogenetic origin of the European wild goats, possibly due the loss of genetic variation through time. We investigated the phylogenetic relationship between the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) and the Iberian wild goat (Capra pyrenaica) including different Iberian wild goat subspecies by applying ancient DNA techniques combined with Next Generation Sequencing technologies. We analysed the cytochrome b gene of the mitochondrial genome in 33 ancient and modern European wild goats from Spain and France together with publicly available genetic information of modern wild goats. This work uncovers for the first time ancient genetic information of the Iberian wild goat and the Alpine ibex, spanning a time range of approximately 40,000 years to the present. Our results suggest genetic continuity between ancient and modern populations and indicate a monophyletic origin of the Alpine ibex and the Iberian wild goat when compared to other Capra species. The monophyly of both species is in agreement with other molecular studies based only on modern populations, therefore supporting one-wave migration of wild goats into Western Europe followed by possible allopatric speciation. We observe three major clades of wild goats in Western Europe: Capra ibex, Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica and the group containing the subspecies Capra pyrenaica hispanica and Capra pyrenaica victoriae. This genetic structure recognizes the distinctiveness of the bucardo (C. p. pyrenaica) from the rest of Iberian wild goats and thus supports the idea that this group is an Evolutionary Significant Unit. The divergence time estimated here indicates an almost contemporaneous split between the three clades around 50,000-90,000 years BP.

WATER AND SODIUM CHLORIDE EFFECTS ON Mimosa Tenuiflora (WILLD. POIRET SEED GERMINATION

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Ivonete Alves Bakke

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Water shortage and saline soils of the Brazilian semi-arid northeastern region are limiting factors to the development of many plants. Jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poiret is a small, multiple use tree that abundantly colonizes unfavorable sites, including environments with severe water stress. This work had the objective of investigating the tolerance of jurema preta seeds to water and salt stresses during germination. Seeds germination in polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000 and sodium chloride (NaCl solutions was analyzed under five different osmotic potentials (0.0; -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2MPa, in order to simulate water and salt stress, respectively, in four 100-seed replications for each treatment. Seeds were placed into 10cmx10cmx4cm boxes, and germination accomplished in BOD germinator adjusted to 30oC. The number of germinated seeds was monitored every 24 hours, and percentage and speed of seed germination were generated from these data. Mean percentage germination in the control treatment was ~95%, reducing to 63-53% at -0.9 to -1.2-MPa PEG solutions, and to 27- 9.5% at NaCl solutions at equivalent osmotic potentials. Velocity of germination index was more affected, and decreased up to 1/8 of the control, at -0.6 MPa. Jurema preta seeds showed lower tolerance to NaCl than to water stress, and this species can be classified as a glycophyte.

Los palacios civiles de la calle Gravina de Alicante: las piedras utilizadas en su construcción y su alteración por sales

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Louis Cereceda, Miguel; García del Cura, María Ángeles; Spairani Berrio, Yolanda; Blas Chávez, Diego de

2001-01-01

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio de la arquitectura, construcción y materiales utilizados en los Palacios Civiles del siglo XVIII situados en la calle Gravina (actual sede del Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes de Alicante). Las rocas utilizadas en la construcción original así como las utilizadas en sustituciones posteriores en estos Palacios Civiles son calizas bioclásticas y/o calcarenitas (Piedra de San Julián y Piedra Bateig). También están presentes la Piedra de Campello y otras caliz...

Chromosomal localization of two novel repetitive sequences isolated from the Chenopodium quinoa Willd. genome.

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Kolano, B; Gardunia, B W; Michalska, M; Bonifacio, A; Fairbanks, D; Maughan, P J; Coleman, C E; Stevens, M R; Jellen, E N; Maluszynska, J

2011-09-01

The chromosomal organization of two novel repetitive DNA sequences isolated from the Chenopodium quinoa Willd. genome was analyzed across the genomes of selected Chenopodium species. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with the repetitive DNA clone 18-24J in the closely related allotetraploids C. quinoa and Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. (2n = 4x = 36) evidenced hybridization signals that were mainly present on 18 chromosomes; however, in the allohexaploid Chenopodium album L. (2n = 6x = 54), cross-hybridization was observed on all of the chromosomes. In situ hybridization with rRNA gene probes indicated that during the evolution of polyploidy, the chenopods lost some of their rDNA loci. Reprobing with rDNA indicated that in the subgenome labeled with 18-24J, one 35S rRNA locus and at least half of the 5S rDNA loci were present. A second analyzed sequence, 12-13P, localized exclusively in pericentromeric regions of each chromosome of C. quinoa and related species. The intensity of the FISH signals differed considerably among chromosomes. The pattern observed on C. quinoa chromosomes after FISH with 12-13P was very similar to GISH results, suggesting that the 12-13P sequence constitutes a major part of the repetitive DNA of C. quinoa.

Characterisation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. accessions for the saponin content in Mediterranean environment

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Giuditta De Santis

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Seeds of the Andean seed crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. usually contain saponins in the seed coat. Saponins give a bitter taste sensation and are a serious antinutritional factor, therefore selection of sweet genotypes with a very low saponin content in the seeds is a main breeding goal. The objective of this work was to identify, within germplasm lines of quinoa, previously selected for production and quality traits, superior genotypes low in saponins. For this purpose the total saponin content was determined in seeds of eight lines of quinoa and one variety (cv. Regalona Baer as a control, previously evaluated over a 2-year period in a Southern Italy environment. Significant variation for the saponin content was observed among the evaluated genotypes. The total saponin content ranged from 0.10 to 1.80%, with the Q12 genotype showing the lowest value, suggesting the possibility of selecting genotypes sweet to be used in subsequent genetic improvement programs. Based on these results, in fact, it was possible to identify, among the accessions previously selected, particularly suitable for growing in Mediterranean area, some genotypes with high yields of seed (2.5 tha–1, on average, high protein (17%, on average and fibres (13%, on average and low content in saponins (0.57%, on average.

Conhecendo as estrategias de acao e interacao utilizadas pelos clientes para o enfrentamento da dialise peritoneal

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Felipe Kaezer dos Santos

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo teve por objetivo apresentar as principais estratégias de ação e interação utilizadas pelos clientes portadores de doença renal crônica para o enfrentamento da diálise peritoneal. O referencial teórico utilizado foi o Interacionismo Simbólico, por ser um arcabouço que valoriza o significado da interação como determinante do comportamento humano. A Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados foi utilizada como referencial metodológico. Após a sua obtenção, realizada por meio de um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado, os dados foram gravados, transcritos, codificados e organizados para compor a teoria explicativa sobre o fenômeno estudado. Durante a análise foram identificados vários recursos utilizados pelos clientes, como a necessidade de obter informações sobre a diálise peritoneal, o refúgio na espiritualidade e a falsa ilusão da cura. Destaca-se também a importância da rede de apoio, em que o enfermeiro poderá atuar como facilitador do processo de enfrentamento, em prol da adaptação dos clientes à nova realidade.

Nutritional Aspects of Six Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Ecotypes from three Geographical Areas of Chile Aspectos Nutricionales de Seis Ecotipos de Quínoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. de Tres Zonas Geográficas de Chile

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Margarita Miranda

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This study explored the diversity of the quinoa crop in Chile from a nutritional perspective. Nutritional properties, minerals, vitamins, and saponin content were assessed in seeds of six Chilean quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ecotypes grown in three main production areas with distinctive climatic and edaphic conditions: Ancovinto and Cancosa in the North-Altiplano or High Plateau, Cáhuil and Faro in the central coastal area, and Regalona and Villarrica in the south of the country. There were significant differences (P La diversidad en el cultivo de la quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. de Chile fue explorada desde una perspectiva nutricional. En este contexto las propiedades nutricionales como también los contenidos de minerales, vitaminas y saponina fueron evaluados en las semillas de seis ecotipos chilenos de quínoa, cultivados en las tres principales zonas de producción con condiciones edafoclimáticas distintas: Ancovinto y Cancosa del altiplano del norte, Cáhuil y Faro de la zona costera central y, Regalona y Villarrica en el sur del país. Hubo diferencias significativas (P < 0.05 en todas las propiedades nutricionales de las semillas de todas las zonas. El ecotipo Villarrica tenia el mayor contenido de proteína (16.10 g 100 g-1 MS y de vitamina E y C (4.644 ± 0.240 y 23.065 ± 1.119 mg 100 g-1 MS, respectivamente. El mayor contenido de vitamina B1 (0.648 ± 0.006 mg 100 g-1 MS y B3 (1.569 ± 0.026 mg 100 g-1 MS fue encontrado en el ecotipo Regalona, y el mayor contenido de vitamina B2 (0.081 ± 0.002 mg 100 g-1 MS en el ecotipo Ancovinto. El K fue el mineral más abundante con un valor de 2325.56 mg 100 g-1 MS en el ecotipo Cancosa. El contenido de saponina fluctuó entre 0.84 g 100 g-1 MS en el ecotipo Villarrica y 3.91 g 100 g-1 MS en el ecotipo Cáhuil. Hubo diferencias significativas entre los ecotipos chilenos de quínoa cultivados bajo diferentes condiciones climáticas. No obstante, las semillas de quinoa de cualquier

Peonías de Venezuela utilizadas en la confección de artesanías

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Rondón Rangel, José Armando

2011-01-01

Se presenta información sobre las especies vegetales que producen las semillas conocidas como Peonías o Pionías, caracterizadas por sus colores rojo, rojo y negro, con la cubierta o testa dura que permite sean utilizadas en la confección artesanal de adornos corporales ornamentales. Se encontraron 34 especies distribuidas en los géneros Abrus (1), Dussia (3), Erythrina (7), Ormosia (20) y Rynchosia (2) de la familia Fabaceae (Papilionaceae), y del género Adenanthera (1) de la familia Mimosace...

Ecophysiological characteristics and cadmium accumulation in Downy Oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.

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Cocozza C

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Heavy metals provoke environmental pollution with potentially toxic effects on human and plants systems. Recently, investigations are conducted on plants that may play a relevant role on pollutants absorption or stabilization, focusing on fast growing tree species in agronomic conditions; little is known on the effects of contaminants on tree species colonizing abandoned fields to be used in restoration ecology. The effects of Cd on photosynthetic performance and metal accumulation were investigated in Quercus pubescens Willd. seedlings grown in pots containing a mixture of sand, clay, turf and Cd-treatments (0, 25 and 75 mg kg-1 dry soil. The studied photosynthetic parameters (Asat= net phytosynthesis; Rday= day respiration; Γcomp= CO2 compensation point; Vcmax= maximum carboxylation rate; Jmax = electron transport rate; TPU = triose phosphate use; Ci/Ca = ratio of intercellular (Ci to ambient (Ca [CO2] (Ci/Ca; Jmax/Vcmax = ratio; (gsmax = maximum stomatal conductance; (lg = stomatal conductance estimated relative to the photosynthetic rate; (Fv/Fm = maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry; (ΔF/F’m = effective photochemical efficiency varied progressively with increasing Cd concentration in the soil, highlighting a negative impact on photosynthetic potential and PSII functioning. Approximately 10% of added Cd was found to be extractable from the substrate, at the maximum concentration applied, with about 12 and 0.75 as bioaccumulation and translocation factors, respectively. Analogously, Cd accumulated up to 34, 30 and 46 mg kg−1 in leaves, stem and roots, respectively. While it is not possible to extrapolate from the present study with seedlings to effects on mature pine trees, there are clear implications for regeneration in soils contaminated with heavy metals, which may lead to ecosystem deterioration.

GC-MS Profiling of Triterpenoid Saponins from 28 Quinoa Varieties (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Grown in Washington State.

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Medina-Meza, Ilce G; Aluwi, Nicole A; Saunders, Steven R; Ganjyal, Girish M

2016-11-16

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) contains 2 to 5% saponins in the form of oleanane-type triterpenoid glycosides or sapogenins found in the external layers of the seeds. These saponins confer an undesirable bitter flavor. This study maps the content and profile of glycoside-free sapogenins from 22 quinoa varieties and 6 original breeding lines grown in North America under similar agronomical conditions. Saponins were recovered using a novel extraction protocol and quantified by GC-MS. Oleanolic acid (OA), hederagenin (HD), serjanic acid (SA), and phytolaccagenic acid (PA) were identified by their mass spectra. Total saponin content ranged from 3.81 to 27.1 mg/g among the varieties studied. The most predominant sapogenin was phytolaccagenic acid with 16.72 mg/g followed by hederagenin at 4.22 mg/g representing the ∼70% and 30% of the total sapogenin content. Phytolaccagenic acid and the total sapogenin content had a positive correlation of r 2 = 0.88 (p quinoa in food products. The multivariate analysis showed no correlations between origin of seeds and saponin profile and/or content.

Chemical characterization by GC-MS and phytotoxic potential of non-polar and polar fractions of seeds of Dioteryx odorata (Aubl. Willd. from Venezuelan regions

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Alberto de J. Oliveros-Bastidas

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Dipteryx odorata (Aubl. Willd. is a tall arboreal species native to Central and Northern South America. This paper describes the chemical characterization and phytotoxic potential of polar and non-polar extracts from D. odorata seeds. Structural determinations were accomplished by chemical derivatization and analyzed by GC/MS. The chemical composition of the non-polar fraction (hexane and dichloromethane presented fatty acids as major constituent. Medium polar and polar fractions (ethyl acetate and ethanol: water contained carboxylic acid and high 6,7-Dyhidroxycoumarin-β-D-glucopyranoside content, not previously reported for seeds of D. odorata. Extracts showed a significant level of phytotoxic activity, correlated to the content of coumarin derivatives, predominantly in the polar fraction.

Soluciones utilizadas en el tratamiento de la hipovolemia

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Vivian R. Mena miranda

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una actualización sobre el uso de las sustancias más utilizadas en el reemplazo de volumen. Se plantea que la controversia entre el uso de cristaloides/coloides aún mantiene vigencia, aunque se trata de hallar la sustancia ideal que restablezca la volemia de forma adecuada, con el mínimo de reacciones adversas y costo. Dentro de los coloides se enfatizó en las desventajas del uso de la albúmina y su sustitución por otros expansores de volumen de tipo coloide, donde se encuentran las gelatinas y los almidones. Otro tipo de sustancias transportadoras de oxígeno están en fase de ensayo clínico, como son los fluorocarbonos y las hemoglobinas sintéticas, sin que se haya encontrado superioridad de tipo terapéutico.An updating on the most used substances in volume therapy is made. It is stated that the controversy aroused by the use of crystalloids/colloids is still standing, although efforts are made to find the ideal substance to reestablish volemia in an appropiate way with the minimum of adverse reactions and cost. As regards colloids, emphasis is made on the disadvantages of the use of albumin and its substitution by other colloid volume expanders, such as gelatins and starches. Other types of oxygen transporting substances as fluorocarbons and synthetic haemoglobins are under clinical assay. No therapeutic superiority has been found yet.

Evaluation of growth and flowering of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under Polish conditions

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Krzysztof Gęsiński

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The material presented refers to the estimation of growth and the flowering (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under Polish conditions. The species has been a South-American pseudocereal cultivated in the traditional form in the Andean region for over 5 thousand years. Its advantage, apart from low soil and climate requirements, is that it shows high nutritive value. The Chenopodium quinoa protein is especially valuable with its amino acid composition which is better balanced than that of wheat or maize. It shows a better share of egzogenic aminoacids. Field examinations were carried out in 1999-2001 at the Experiment Station of Cultivar Testing at Chrząstowo. The experiment involved two cultivars from two various growing regions: America and Europe. Analyses were made to include development stages, plant growth dynamics, inflorescences development dynamics, inflorescence habit and flowering. Differences were recorded in the growth and development models of the cultivars researched. The European cultivar had a short compact inflorescence with a short flowering period, reaching 120 cm. American cultivar plants were high (160 cm; they showed a slower continuous growth, loose big-in-size inflorescence, and a long period of flowering. The plants ended their growing season over the flowering stage or seed formation. The adequate growth, the course of flowering and, as a result, a stable yielding of the European cultivar make the group suitable for the cultivation under Polish conditions. This breeding group should also be the parent material for the cultivation of the Polish cultivar of Chenopodium quinoa.

Dispersão zoocórica e hidrocórica marítima de Opuntia monacantha (Willd. Haw. (Cactaceae

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Maurício Lenzi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n1p47 Adaptações evolutivas na morfologia e fisiologia das cactáceas têm sido associadas aos seus mecanismos de dispersão e colonização. Os mecanismos e modos de dispersão de Opuntia monacantha (Willd. Haw. (Cactaceae foram caracterizados em duas praias de Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. Um marsupial do gênero Didelphis (Mammalia: Didelphidae foi o único frugívoro e, portanto, dispersor de frutos, apresentando locais específicos para alimentação. A hidrocoria marítima ocorreu após a invasão marinha sobre a vegetação de restinga, caracterizando-se pela dispersão de cladódios e frutos em várias épocas do ano. Descreve-se pela primeira vez a ação do mar como potencial dispersor para uma espécie de cactos.

Anxiolytic-like effect of Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd: ex Roem. & Schult., Apocynaceae, in the elevated plus-maze and hole-board tests

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Sueli Mendonça Netto

Full Text Available Rauvolfia ligustrina Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Apocynaceae, popularly known as "arrebenta-boi" and "paratudo". In behavioral screening ethanol extract of R. ligustrina roots demonstrated depressant effect on the CNS and anticonvulsant properties. The purpose of this study was to characterize the putative anxiolytic-like effects of the ethanol extract of Rauvolfia ligustrina roots (EER using the elevated plus maze (EPM and the hole-board apparatus in rodents. This extract, administered intraperitoneally, in different doses (3.9, 7.8 and 15.6 mg/kg was able to increase significantly the number of entries (p < 0.05, as well as the time spent in the open arms of the EPM, indicating an anxiolytic-like effect. Additionally, EER-treated (3.9 and 7.8 mg/kg increased significantly the number of border visit and head-dipping. This data suggest an anxiolytic effect of EER in animal models of anxiety.

TUTORIA: UMA PRÁTICA DE ENSINO AUTORREGULADA UTILIZADA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR

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Lourdes Maria Bragagnolo Frison

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo propõe refletir sobre tutoria, alternativa educativa utilizada no ensino superior, que tem como objetivo potencializar a aprendizagem realizada em parceria entre os acadêmicos. Esta estratégia de ensino tem buscado estimular um trabalho planejado e desenvolvido pelos próprios universitários. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre tutoria, a fim de compreender a origem e a importância desta atividade para o processo de ensino e a aprendizagem universitário e, a seguir uma pesquisa empírica, que teve como locus o trabalho desenvolvido no Programa de Educação Tutorial – PET, da Faculdade de Educação/FaE, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas/UFPel, com o objetivo de investigar como a prática da tutoria é realizada, uma vez que ela intenciona complementar a formação inicial e continuada.

Aspectos histopatológicos do útero de ratas utilizadas como modelo experimental de endometrite

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Liriane Baratella-Evêncio

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Os progestágenos constituem-se em importantes reguladores da atividade funcional e estrutural do sistema reprodutor feminino. Em medicina veterinária a prescrição de drogas que atuam neste sistema, como o acetato de medroxiprogesterona, tem diversas finalidades, como servir de instrumento no manejo reprodutivo ou no controle farmacológico do ciclo estral, tratamento de patologias ou limitação e controle da fertilidade. Considerando-se sua importância e sua freqüente utilização, realizamos o presente trabalho que teve por objetivo, estudar a morfologia e morfometria do útero de ratas utilizadas como modelo experimental de endometrite. Para a realização deste estudo foram utilizadas 36 ratas albinas da linhagem wistar, induzidas hormonalmente à endometrite através do tratamento com diferentes doses de acetato de medroxiprogesterona e divididas em 04 grupos: Grupo I (ratas não tratadas com acetato de medroxiprogesterona e avaliadas aos 10, 20 e 30 dias do experimento; Grupos II, III e IV (ratas tratadas com 0,75 mg, 1,5 mg e 4,5 mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona respectivamente e, avaliadas aos 10, 20 e 30 dias do experimento. De acordo com nossos resultados podemos concluir que o endométrio dos grupos tratados apresentaram-se pouco desenvolvidos. Quanto ao número de glândulas endometriais observou-se uma maior quantidade no Grupo I (controle do que nos grupos II, III e IV (tratados. Estes resultados evidenciam que houve hipotrofia endometrial, metaplasia celular para o tipo cúbico e a formação de projeções papilares no útero de ratas.

The effect of seed moisture and temperature on grinding characteristics of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

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Hassoon Waleed Hameed

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd is a native food plant of the Andean region of South America. Quinoa seeds have remarkable nutritional properties, not only from its high protein content, but also from its good amino acid balance. The aim of the study was evaluate the influence of quinoa seed moisture content (10, 12, 14, 16 and 18% and temperature (-20, 3, 20 and 40°C, with the initial grain moisture content of 10.5% on grinding process. Especially the particle size distributions and grinding energy indices were determined. The results showed that the increase of seed moisture content from 10 to 16% caused an increase the specific grinding energy from 6.9 to 8.3 kJ·kg-1, beside of this as the moisture increased the average particle also increased. The highest changes were observed in the fraction of coarse particles (above 1.0 mm. Interestingly, the mass fraction of fine particles (below 0.2 mm also increased. Other grinding indices also confirmed an increase the grinding energy requirements with the increase seed moisture content. The temperature of seed has little influence on quinoa grinding process. The highest grinding energy requirements were observed when the frozen seeds were ground.

Lack of evidence of spill-over of Salmonella enterica between cattle and sympatric Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) from a protected area in Catalonia, NE Spain.

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Navarro-Gonzalez, N; Velarde, R; Porrero, M C; Mentaberre, G; Serrano, E; Mateos, A; Domínguez, L; Lavín, S

2014-08-01

Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic agent of worldwide importance found in a wide range of wild hosts. However, its prevalence in many popular game species has never been assessed. Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) is the main game caprinae of the Iberian Peninsula and around two thousand individuals are hunted every year for trophy or for home consumption. In this work, 313 Iberian ibexes from the Ports de Tortosa i Beseit National Game Reserve (NE Spain) were tested for Salmonella enterica in faeces, and anti microbial susceptibility was determined. The exact location of shooting or capture was recorded with a GPS device to study the links of Salmonella infection with cattle presence and human proximity. Additionally, samples were taken from cattle grazing inside this reserve (n = 73). Only three Iberian ibexes (0.96%, 95% CI 0.2-2.8) were positive to Salmonella (serotype Enteritidis, Bardo and 35:r:z35), while prevalence was moderate in cattle: 21.92% (95% CI 13.10-33.14, serotype Meleagridis, Anatum, Kedougou and Othmarschen). All isolates were susceptible to the anti microbial agents tested. Moreover, a case of fatal septicaemic salmonellosis in an 11-year-old male Iberian ibex is described where Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis was isolated from the lung, liver and spleen samples. The low prevalence of Salmonella in Iberian ibex and the lack of shared serotypes suggest no association to cattle. Despite this, game meat aimed for human consumption should be examined, and it is strongly recommended that hunters and game keepers manipulate animals and carcasses under maximal hygienic conditions to avoid environmental contamination and human contagion. © 2012 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Pengujian Kompos dan Inokulan Mikroba terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sengon Buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Willd Pada Lahan Bekas Tailing Pond di Cikotok

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Hartati Imamuddin

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Soil pollution has been so attracting considerable public attentions over the last decades. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants to clean up pollutant soils. The study was carried out in gold mining Cikotok, Banten. Sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum, (Willd which is used as cyanogenic plant, compost and microbes inoculant is as stimulator to growththis plant. The experiment consist of K0 as control (plant without compost, K1 as plant + compost and K2 as plant+compost + microbe inoculant, with 3 replicated. The objectives of this experiment were to investigate the potential for phytoremediation of cyanide contaminated soils using hyperaccumulator/cyanogenic plants and to assess the fate and transport of cyanide compounds in soils.The results showed that compost and microbe were able to stimulate growth of Sengon Buto after 7 months planting and to reduce cyanide until 66% Total bacteria in the study was relatively stable but NFB bacteria was decline.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of flavonoids from Cynanchum acutum L. subsp. sibiricum (willd.) Rech. f. and investigation of their antiproliferative activity.

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Yildiz, Ilyas; Sen, Ozkan; Erenler, Ramazan; Demirtas, Ibrahim; Behcet, Lutfi

2017-11-01

Cynanchum acutum L. subsp. sibiricum (Willd.) Rech. f. was extracted with hexane, acetone, methanol and water individually. A sample was heated in water then extracted with ethyl acetate. Among the extracts, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the most antiproliferative activity, so isolation of bioactive compounds was carried out from this extract. A new compound, kaempferol-3-O-β-xylopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-rhamnopyranoside (1) along with five known compounds, quercetin-3-O-β-xyloside (2), kaempferol-3-O-β-glucoside (3), quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-β-rhamnopyranoside (5), and kaempferol-3-O-β-d-neohesperidoside (6) were isolated from ethyl acetate extract. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, basically 1D NMR, 2D NMR and LC-TOF/MS. Antiproliferative effects of isolated compounds were determined by xCELLigence using the HeLa (human uterus carcinoma) cell lines. Compound 2 and compound 5 revealed the good antiproliferative activity against HeLa cell lines.

Pharmacognostical and phytochemical evaluation of the leaves of Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz Willd

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Upendra B Gandagule

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The fruit decoction of Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz Willd. is used toward increase sterility in woman intended birth control in some parts of Rajasthan, India. This plant is widely used in Turkish medicines as a potent sedative. One to two inches of the fresh stem bark of this species are chewed with 1-2 peppers, and the sap swallowed once a day for 5 days in the treatment of cough. Standardization is one of the challenges in herbal medicine. It is essential to evaluate the herbal plants scientifically and proper documentation should be made to know their medicinal properties. Materials and Methods: Leaf samples of Z. xylopyrus were studied as recommended by World Health Organization for morphological, microscopic, physicochemical, phytochemical, powder characteristics and other methods for standardization. Results: Morphologically the leaves are obovate or orbicular in shape, pinnate venation having aromatic odour and pungent taste. Microscopically leaves showed the presence of ground tissue, vascular strand, xylem and phloem. The crystals are mostly rosette type. Microscopic examination of powder showed the presence of stomata, covering trichomes, sclerenchyma, collenchyma, epidermal cells and vascular strands. Phytochemical screening of the plant part with various solvents revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, steroids and sterol, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids in it. Physicochemical parameters such as ash value extractive values were also determined and results showed that water soluble extractive value to be higher than alcohol soluble extractive value. Conclusion: Results may be helpful for further confirmation of selected species and in future these characters may be compared with the new batch of the same plant materials.

Feedbacks between earlywood anatomy and non-structural carbohydrates affect spring phenology and wood production in ring-porous oaks

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Pérez-de-Lis, Gonzalo; García-González, Ignacio; Rozas, Vicente; Olano, José Miguel

2016-10-01

Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) play a central role in the construction and maintenance of a tree's vascular system, but feedbacks between the NSC status of trees and wood formation are not fully understood. We aimed to evaluate multiple dependencies among wood anatomy, winter NSC, and phenology for coexisting temperate (Quercus robur) and sub-Mediterranean (Q. pyrenaica) oaks along a water-availability gradient in the NW Iberian Peninsula. Sapwood NSC concentrations were quantified at three sites in December 2012 (N = 240). Leaf phenology and wood anatomy were surveyed in 2013. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the interplay among hydraulic diameter (Dh), winter NSC, budburst date, and earlywood vessel production (EVP), while the effect of Dh and EVP on latewood width was assessed by using a mixed-effects model. NSC and wood production increased under drier conditions for both species. Q. robur showed a narrower Dh and lower soluble sugar (SS) concentration (3.88-5.08 % dry matter) than Q. pyrenaica (4.06-5.57 % dry matter), but Q. robur exhibited larger EVP and wider latewood (1403 µm) than Q. pyrenaica (667 µm). Stem diameter and Dh had a positive effect on SS concentrations, which were related to an earlier leaf flushing in both species. Sapwood sugar content appeared to limit EVP exclusively in Q. pyrenaica. In turn, Dh and EVP were found to be key predictors of latewood growth. Our results confirm that sapwood SS concentrations are involved in modulating growth resumption and xylem production in spring. Q. pyrenaica exhibited a tighter control of carbohydrate allocation to wood formation than Q. robur, which would play a role in protecting against environmental stress in the sub-Mediterranean area.

A Network Pharmacology Approach to Uncover the Multiple Mechanisms of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. on Colorectal Cancer

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Xinkui Liu

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Background. As one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer diseases globally, colorectal cancer (CRC remains an important cause of cancer-related death. Although the traditional Chinese herb Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HDW has been proven to be effective for treating CRC in clinical practice, its definite mechanisms have not been completely deciphered. Objective. The aim of our research is to systematically explore the multiple mechanisms of HDW on CRC. Methods. This study adopted the network pharmacology approach, which was mainly composed of active component gathering, target prediction, CRC gene collection, network analysis, and gene enrichment analysis. Results. The network analysis showed that 10 targets might be the therapeutic targets of HDW on CRC, namely, HRAS, PIK3CA, KRAS, TP53, APC, BRAF, GSK3B, CDK2, AKT1, and RAF1. The gene enrichment analysis implied that HDW probably benefits patients with CRC by modulating pathways related to cancers, infectious diseases, endocrine system, immune system, nervous system, signal transduction, cellular community, and cell motility. Conclusions. This study partially verified and predicted the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of HDW against CRC from a holistic perspective, which will also lay a foundation for the further experimental research and clinical rational application of HDW.

Polyphenols From Cutch Tree (Acacia catechu Willd.: Normalize In Vitro Oxidative Stress and Exerts Antiproliferative Activity

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Rakesh Kumar

2017-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Oxidative stress, being the main cause of most of the human diseases, has always been the highlight of research worldwide. This stress can be overcome by administration of natural polyphenols. The Acacia catechu Willd. has many refrences available in Ayurveda as important disease curative plant. Its leaves are investigated for ameliorating oxidative stress in present work. Leaves of A. catechu were extracted with 80% methanol to get methanol extract (AME. It was assessed for antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, ferric ion reducing, superoxide scavenging and peroxyl radical scavenging assays. DNA protective activity was also investigated using plasmid nicking assay. Further, antiproliferative activity was determined using MTT assay in various human cancer cell lines. The quantification of polyphenols was done by UHPLC analysis. Results confirmed that polyphenols of A. catechu were successful in normalizing oxidative stress. AME was found to be most effective in scavenging ABTS radicals while least effective in scavenging ferric ions. UHPLC analysis showed abundance of ellagic acid, rutin and quercetin in AME. Further, AME showed maximum antiproliferative activity against Hep G2 cancer cells. It is concluded that the polyphenols from A. catechu effectively remediates oxidative stress and hence can be used in curing numerous dreadful diseases.

Responses of evergreen and deciduous Quercus species to enhanced ozone levels

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Calatayud, Vicent; Cervero, Julia; Calvo, Esperanza; Garcia-Breijo, Francisco-Jose; Reig-Arminana, Jose; Sanz, Maria Jose

2011-01-01

Plants of one evergreen oak (Quercus ilex) and three deciduous oaks (Q. faginea, with small leaves; Q. pyrenaica and Q. robur, with large leaves) were exposed both to filtered air and to enhanced ozone levels in Open-Top Chambers. Q. faginea and Q. pyrenaica were studied for the first time. Based on visible injury, gas exchange, chlorophyll content and biomass responses, Q. pyrenaica was the most sensitive species, and Q. ilex was the most tolerant, followed by Q. faginea. Functional leaf traits of the species were related to differences in sensitivity, while accumulated ozone flux via stomata (POD 1.6 ) partly contributed to the observed differences. For risk assessment of Mediterranean vegetation, the diversity of responses detected in this study should be taken into account, applying appropriate critical levels. - Ozone tolerance overlapped with leaf traits in four Quercus species.

Responses of evergreen and deciduous Quercus species to enhanced ozone levels

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Calatayud, Vicent, E-mail: calatayud_viclor@gva.e [Instituto Universitario CEAM-UMH, Charles R. Darwin 14, Parc Tecnologic, 46980 Paterna, Valencia (Spain); Cervero, Julia; Calvo, Esperanza [Instituto Universitario CEAM-UMH, Charles R. Darwin 14, Parc Tecnologic, 46980 Paterna, Valencia (Spain); Garcia-Breijo, Francisco-Jose [Laboratorio de Anatomia e Histologia Vegetal ' Julio Iranzo' , Jardin Botanico, Universitat de Valencia, c/Quart 80, 46008 Valencia (Spain); Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Escuela Tecnica Superior del Medio Rural y Enologia, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibanez 21, 46010 Valencia (Spain); Reig-Arminana, Jose [Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales, Escuela Tecnica Superior del Medio Rural y Enologia, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibanez 21, 46010 Valencia (Spain); Sanz, Maria Jose [Instituto Universitario CEAM-UMH, Charles R. Darwin 14, Parc Tecnologic, 46980 Paterna, Valencia (Spain)

2011-01-15

Plants of one evergreen oak (Quercus ilex) and three deciduous oaks (Q. faginea, with small leaves; Q. pyrenaica and Q. robur, with large leaves) were exposed both to filtered air and to enhanced ozone levels in Open-Top Chambers. Q. faginea and Q. pyrenaica were studied for the first time. Based on visible injury, gas exchange, chlorophyll content and biomass responses, Q. pyrenaica was the most sensitive species, and Q. ilex was the most tolerant, followed by Q. faginea. Functional leaf traits of the species were related to differences in sensitivity, while accumulated ozone flux via stomata (POD{sub 1.6}) partly contributed to the observed differences. For risk assessment of Mediterranean vegetation, the diversity of responses detected in this study should be taken into account, applying appropriate critical levels. - Ozone tolerance overlapped with leaf traits in four Quercus species.

PRECISÃO DE ESCALAS DE MENSURAÇÃO UTILIZADAS EM TESTES DE ACEITAÇÃO

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Adriana Barbosa SANTOS

2010-05-01

Full Text Available

Os testes afetivos têm sido um recurso eficiente em vários contextos da análise sensorial. A escolha da escala de mensuração a ser utilizada nestes testes é um aspecto fundamental que vem sendo pouco discutido na literatura nos últimos anos. Este artigo apresenta uma avaliação da precisão das escalas Likert e Stapel frente às usuais Hedônica e Magnitude, utilizadas na mensuração de atributos sensoriais. Dois experimentos foram realizados, um com produto doce (doce de leite em pasta e outro com produto salgado (salgadinho sabor bacon. Aparência, aroma, sabor e textura foram os atributos avaliados por estudantes universitários. Para avaliar a precisão das escalas de mensuração foram adotadas duas abordagens: uma com base em estatísticas de dispersão; e outra examinando dados relativos à opinião dos provadores sobre qual escala eles consideram mais precisa para expressar sua percepção sensorial. Os resultados fornecem evidências de que a influência do atributo e do tipo de produto sobre a precisão das escalas em testes de aceitação não é signifi cante. Mais especifi camente, os resultados sugerem que a escala alternativa Likert apresenta precisão comparável à escala de Magnitude; fato que sugere sua recomendação em testes afetivos com provadores não treinados. A escala Hedônica aparece como a preferida na opinião dos provadores.

Antimicrobial activity of berries and leaves essential oils of Macedonian Juniperus foetidissima Willd. (Cupressaceae

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Floresha Sela

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of leaves and berries essential oils from Juniperus foetidissima Willd. (Cupressaceae grown in R. Macedonia (RM was investigated. GC/FID/MS analysis was carried out and 93 components were identified, representing 89.7-96.5% of the oils. The major components of the berries essential oil were α-pinene (19.2%, limonene (24.9% and cedrol (23.1%, followed by smaller amounts of b-funebrene, trans-caryophyllene, germacrene D and d-cadinene. The composition of the leaves essential oil was variable depending on the region of collection. Accordingly, samples originated from southeastern RM contained essential oil with α-pinene (67.6% and limonene (10.0%, from central part of RM with limonene (17.9-27.1% and cedrol (28.8-33.9%, while samples from southwestern RM contained oil with terpinen-4-ol (19.1%, cis-thujone (8.3%, germacrene D (11.0% and d-cadinene (6.3% as predominant components in the oil. Antimicrobial screening of the essential oils was made by disc diffusion and broth dilution method against 16 bacterial strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and one strain of Candida albicans. The leaves essential oil showed stronger antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae (MIC = 125 ml/ml and moderate activity against Campylobacter jejuni (MIC > 500 ml/ml. Other investigated bacterial strains and Candida albicans were completely resistant to the antimicrobial activity of J. foetidissima essential oils.

Anti-inflammatory activity of saponins from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Yao, Yang; Yang, Xiushi; Shi, Zhenxing; Ren, Guixing

2014-05-01

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal from South Americas that has received increased interest around the world because it is a good source of different nutrients and rich in saponins. However, the saponins in quinoa seeds planted in China were poorly known. We obtained 4 quinoa saponin fractions, Q30, Q50, Q70, and Q90, and 11 saponins were determined by HPLC-MS. Q50 possessed 8 individual saponins and had the highest content of saponins. We further evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity on RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells of the 4 fractions. The 4 fractions not only dose-dependently decreased the production of inflammatory mediators NO but also inhibited the release of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that quinoa saponins may be used as functional food components for prevention and treatment of inflammation. Our findings demonstrate that saponins from the quinoa have the potential to anti-inflammation by suppressing the release of inflammatory cytokines. © 2014 Institute of Food Technologists®

Análisis y clasificación de las tipografías utilizadas por marcas de lujo

OpenAIRE

Úbeda Mora, Alicia

2016-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las tipografías utilizadas por las marcas en sus identidades corporativas, más concretamente, de aquellas pertenecientes al sector de la moda de lujo tradicional, incluyendo en este rango las dedicadas a la comercialización de ropa, relojes, joyería, zapatos y complementos. Para ello se han analizado un total de setenta y dos marcas pertenecientes a dicho sector, escogidas en base al estudio Digital IQ Index: Luxury 2010, elaborado por el Doctor en Mark...

Dormancy overcoming, temperatures and substrates on germination of Mimosa tenuiflora Willd seeds

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Clarisse Pereira Benedito

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Mimosa tenuiflora Willd., popularly known as jurema-preta, is an arboreal species of great importance for the brazilian Northeast due to its uses as a medicinal plant and in the restoration of degraded soils. No information is available in the Rules for Seed Analysis and the Instructions for Seed Analysis of Forest Species regarding ideal conditions for of this species. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the influence of pre-germination treatments, in addition to verifying the germination performance at different temperatures and in different substrates. In both experiments, four replicates of 25 seeds were used for each treatment. In experiment I, seeds were submitted to the following methods for overcoming dormancy: witness - Intact seeds (T1 immersion in water at 100 °C for 1 (T2, 2 (T3, 3 (T4, 4 (T5, 5 (T6 and 6 min (T7, immersion in concentrated sulfuric acid for 1 (T8, 4 (T9, 7 (T10, 10 (T11 and 13 min (T12, scarification on sandpaper n° 80 (T13 and lopping in the region opposite the micropyle (T14. In experiment II, seed germination was evaluated in four types of substrates: between sand, paper on, paper roll and between vermiculite and at six different temperatures: 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 °C and alternating between 20 and 30 °C. Immersion in hot water for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 min, sulfuric acid treatment for 10 and 13 min, sand paper and lopping were the most appropriate treatments to overcome seed dormancy. The seed germination of M. Tenuiflora should be carried out at 25 °C on paper roll substrate.

ESTRATÉGIAS DE APRENDIZAGEM UTILIZADAS POR ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS COM E SEM INDÍCIOS DO TRANSTORNO DE DÉFICIT DE ATENÇÃO E HIPERATIVIDADE

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Paola Zanotti Epifanio

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O TDAH é uma desordem que pode afetar diferentes aspectos do desenvolvimento ao longo da vida. Considerando que tal transtorno pode interferir no desempenho acadêmico, esta pesquisa objetivou identificar as principais estratégias de aprendizagem utilizadas por universitários com e sem indícios de TDAH. A amostra contou com 202 estudantes de dois cursos de uma instituição de ensino superior de Vitória/ES. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala Adult Self Report Scale e a Escala de Avaliação de Estratégias de Aprendizagem. Os resultados apontaram incidência de 21,3% de alunos com indícios de TDAH e as estratégias utilizadas pelos dois grupos foram similares.

Monitoramento das propriedades térmicas das borrachas naturais de novos clones: IAC 301 e IAC 303

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Rogério M. B. Moreno

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A borracha natural (BN de três clones de seringueira [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. exAdr. de Juss. Muell.-Arg.] de um período de sete meses foi obtida por coagulação do látex com solução de ácido acético a 10% e seca a 65°C. As curvas TG-DTG foram utilizadas para monitorar as propriedades térmicas da BN. Os resultados indicaram pequenas variações entre clones e coletas, exceto no valor de Tf-T0, indicando que o clone IAC 301 sofre degradação mais rápida durante o processo termo degradação da BN seca. Não houve diferenças significativas nos valores de Tg entre clones e coletas.

EFECTO DE LA EXTRUSIÓN SOBRE LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DE HARINA DE QUINUA (Chenopodium quinoa Willd

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CLAUDIA LORENA CERÓN FERNANDEZ

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa WILLD is a pseudocereal produced for many years in Andean regions and allows different transformations taking advantage of their nutritional qualities becoming it a food agribusiness alternative. Objective of this study was to observe physical and chemical changes from two quinoa flour varieties (Blanca dulce de Jericó and Tunkahuan during extrusion process and determine conditions (flour moisture, temperature and screw speed that allow obtain an extruded similar to precooked functional properties. Water absorption index (IAA, water solubility index (ISA and swelling power (PH was response variables. Two flour extrusion at 105°C degrees, 150 rpm screw speed and 25 to 30% moisture improved functional properties (IAA increased from 1,81 g gel/g D.M to 4,22 g gel/g D.M in Tunkahuan extruded quinoa flour and 2,00 g gel/g to 4,27 g gel MS/MS g flour in Blanca dulce de Jericó but nutriotional properties decreased as digestibility except for a carbohydrate content increase.

Phosphorus use efficiency of the gum arabi tree (Acacia senegal (L) Willd) in Sudan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elamin, K.H.; Mustafa, A.F.

1996-01-01

This study was conducted to identify gum arabic tree (Acacia senegal L. Willd) provenances with high efficiency for phosphorus uptake and use. Thirteen provenances were collected from different habitats with the gum belt of the Sudan. A preliminary trial was conducted during the period 1989-1992 at the Gezira Agricultural Research Station in Wad Medani. This study revealed that there are clear genotypic differences in phosphorus use efficiency, nitrogen yield and dry matter production. All the provenances tested also exhibited a high ability for survival under the dry climatic conditions as prevailing in the gum belt of Sudan. Based on differences in phosphorus use efficiency observed in the preliminary study, 4 provenances were selected for a detailed study. Provenance 11 and 2 represented the highly efficient group, provenance 7 the moderately efficient group and provenance 13 the low efficient group. The detailed study revealed that provenance 11 is superior to all others in terms of biomass production as well as in phosphorus use efficiency. Although the ability to take up phosphorus was low, this was compensated by having a high root length density enabling the tree to take up a quantity of phosphorus similar to that taken up by other provenances. The high ability to convert the absorbed phosphorus into a greater quantity of dry matter made this provenance the best in phosphorus use efficiency. These results suggest that provenance 11 may be a suitable candidate to be introduced into the gum belt of Sudan in support of its rehabilitation programme. (author). 13 refs, 4 figs, 5 tabs

Phosphorus use efficiency of the gum arabi tree (Acacia senegal (L) Willd) in Sudan

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Elamin, K H; Mustafa, A F [Gezira Agricultural Research Centre, Wad Medani (Sudan). Forestry Research Section

1996-07-01

This study was conducted to identify gum arabic tree (Acacia senegal L. Willd) provenances with high efficiency for phosphorus uptake and use. Thirteen provenances were collected from different habitats with the gum belt of the Sudan. A preliminary trial was conducted during the period 1989-1992 at the Gezira Agricultural Research Station in Wad Medani. This study revealed that there are clear genotypic differences in phosphorus use efficiency, nitrogen yield and dry matter production. All the provenances tested also exhibited a high ability for survival under the dry climatic conditions as prevailing in the gum belt of Sudan. Based on differences in phosphorus use efficiency observed in the preliminary study, 4 provenances were selected for a detailed study. Provenance 11 and 2 represented the highly efficient group, provenance 7 the moderately efficient group and provenance 13 the low efficient group. The detailed study revealed that provenance 11 is superior to all others in terms of biomass production as well as in phosphorus use efficiency. Although the ability to take up phosphorus was low, this was compensated by having a high root length density enabling the tree to take up a quantity of phosphorus similar to that taken up by other provenances. The high ability to convert the absorbed phosphorus into a greater quantity of dry matter made this provenance the best in phosphorus use efficiency. These results suggest that provenance 11 may be a suitable candidate to be introduced into the gum belt of Sudan in support of its rehabilitation programme. (author). 13 refs, 4 figs, 5 tabs.

A influência da ansiedade nas estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas no período pré-operatório La influencia de la ansiedad en las estrategias de enfrentamento utilizadas en el período pré-operatorio The influence of anxiety in coping strategies used during the pre-operative period

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Veronica Cecilia Calbo de Medeiros

2006-03-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo tem como objetivos: identificar o estado de ansiedade dos pacientes no período pré-operatório; identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos pacientes nesse período; verificar a relação entre o estado de ansiedade e as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pelos pacientes, no período pré-operatório. A amostra foi composta por 40 pacientes cirúrgicos. Para a coleta dos dados foram utilizados dois instrumentos auto-aplicáveis: o questionário de estado de ansiedade de Spielberger e o inventário de estratégias de coping de Lazarus e Folkman. A amostra compôs-se, em sua maioria, por pacientes do sexo feminino com uma idade média de 46 anos, com baixo grau de escolaridade, com experiência cirúrgica anterior e sem intercorrências anteriores. As estratégias de enfrentamento mais comumente utilizadas foram as de suporte social e a de resolução de problemas. Em relação à ansiedade e às estratégias de enfrentamento, obteve-se uma correlação negativa entre o estado de ansiedade e o suporte social e a resolução de problemas.En el presente estudio se tuvo por objetivos: identificar el estado de ansiedad de los pacientes en el período pre-operatorio; identificar las estrategias de enfrentamiento utilizadas por los pacientes en ese período; verificar la relación entre el estado de ansiedad y las estrategias de enfrentamiento utilizadas por los pacientes, en el período pre-operatorio. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 40 pacientes quirúrgicos. Para la recolección de los datos fueron utilizados dos instrumentos auto-aplicables: el cuestionario de estado de ansiedad de Spielberger y el inventario de estrategias de coping de Lazarus y Folkman. La muestra se compuso, en su mayoría, por pacientes del sexo femenino con una edad media de 46 años, con bajo grado de escolaridad, con experiencia quirúrgica anterior y sin incidencias anteriores. Las estrategias de enfrentamiento com

Estudio etnobotánico de las especies vegetales utilizadas como leña en San José de Suaita (Suaita, Santander, Colombia

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Edison de Jesús Valderrama Ramírez

2005-01-01

son las de mayor recolección y consumo de leña coincidiendo con las de labranza y cosecha de los productos agrícolas especialmente café. Se identificaron tres formas de recolección por parte del campesino, que varían en la frecuencia y nivel de extracción. El consumo estimado fue de 4,9 kg per capita. Se encontraron un total de 52 especies utilizadas como leña, siendo las especies pertenecientes a la familia Melastomataceae las más numerosas. Del total de especies utilizadas el 94% provienen de los agroecosistemas y el 6% del bosque natural. Según las categorías de intensidad de uso, se muestran 11 especies como las más importantes. Según el IVI las especies más consumidas tienen valores de importancia intermedios y bajos, por lo que se asume que hay un criterio de calidad más no de abundancia para la selección de leña.

QUALIDADE PÓS-COLHEITA DA MORINGA (MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM UTILIZADA NA FORMA IN NATURA E SECA

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Menezes dos Passos

2013-03-01

Full Text Available A Moringa Oleifera Lam é uma planta ornamental e medicinal e possui a característica de adaptar-se a climas áridos e solos pobres em nutrientes. É um vegetal da família Moringaceae, originária do norte da Índia. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização físico-química de partes constituintes da planta: folha, flor, semente e vagem utilizadas na forma in natura e seca. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Tecnologias Alternativas em São Cristóvão - SE. Posteriormente, as amostras de folhas, flores, sementes e vagens utilizadas neste trabalho foram coletadas e separadas em dois lotes, sendo um lote com as amostras que seriam analisadas in natura e o outro com amostras secas em secador solar. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises: atividade de água, acidez titulável, umidade, cinzas, lipídeos, proteínas, carboidratos, vitamina C, carotenoides,fibra total e alimentícia.Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA e teste de Tukey para comparação de médias ao nível de significância de 5%. Foi possível observar que para as análises de acidez, cinzas, lipídeos, proteínas e carboidratos, os resultados encontrados foram maiores nas partes secas quando comparado ao in natura. Entretanto, os valores para atividade de água, umidade, vitamina C e pH foram superiores nas análises in natura quando comparadas às amostras secas. Para os resultados de carotenoides, obtiveram-se variações em ambas as partes. Portanto, a Moringa apresenta-se como um vegetal de excelentes propriedades nutricionais e funcionais.

Preference of Quinoa Moth: Eurysacca Melanocampta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae for Two Varieties of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in Olfactometry Assays Preferencia de la Polilla de la Quinua: Eurysacca melanocampta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae por dos Variedades de Quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. en Ensayos de Olfatometría

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Juan  F Costa

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Insects are attracted to plants by visual and olfactory cues. The quinoa moth, Eurysacca melanocampta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae, is the main insect pest of the quinoa crop, Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (Chenopodiales: Chenopodiaceae, in the southern Peruvian Andes, causing grain yield losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioural response of adult quinoa moths to olfactory stimuli. Specifically, the objectives of this study were: 1 to determine the capacity of E. melanocampta adults of searching for quinoa plants using plant olfactory cues; 2 to determine the preference of E. melanocampta females for the odours derived from two varieties of quinoa: Amarilla de Marangani and Blanca de Junín; and 3 to assess the attraction of male quinoa moths to E. melanocampta females and the host plant in olfactometric bioassays. Adults preferred quinoa plant odour sources in choice tests when distilled water was used as a control (P La atracción de insectos hacia las plantas es causada tanto por estímulos visuales como olfativos. La polilla de la quinua, Eurysacca melanocampta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae, es la principal plaga en el cultivo de quinua, Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (Chenopodiales: Chenopodiaceae, en los Andes del sur peruano causando pérdidas en la producción de granos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las respuestas conductuales frente a estímulos olfativos de adultos de la polilla de la quinua. Específicamente, los objetivos del estudio fueron: 1 estudiar la capacidad de búsqueda de plantas de quinua de los adultos de E. melanocampta utilizando plantas como estímulos olfativos; 2 determinar la preferencia de hembras de E. melanocampta por olores derivados de plantas de dos variedades de quinua: Amarilla de Marangani y Blanca de Junín; y 3 estudiar la atracción de los machos hacia hembras de E. melanocampta y hacia las plantas hospederas en bioensayos de olfatometría. Los adultos eligieron fuentes

Chitosan mediated enhancement of hydrolysable tannin in Phyllanthus debilis Klein ex Willd via plant cell suspension culture.

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V, Malayaman; N, Sisubalan; R P, Senthilkumar; S, Sheik Mohamed; R, Ranjithkumar; M, Ghouse Basha

2017-11-01

Phyllanthus debilis Klein ex Willd. is wild medicinal plant used in the traditional system of medicine. This plant has been actively used for hepatoprotection and to cure many diseases including jaundice and so on; which leads to complete extinction of this particular species. Therefore, the chitosan mediated cost effective cell suspension method has been developed for the production of hydrolysable tannin. The hydrolysable tannins are the main therapeutically active constituents with antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. An in vitro cell suspension culture was optimized by adding chitosan for production of hydrolysable tannin. According to the growth kinetics, a maximum biomass of 4.46±0.06g fresh cell weight and 1.33±0.04g dry cell weight were obtained from the optimal suspension medium consisted of MS medium+0.5mgL -1 BAP+1.5mgL -1 NAA. Chitosan was treated at the stationary phase which leads to the highest accumulation of hydrolysable tannin compared to the untreated control. Hydrolysable tannin was observed and compared using HPLC at the Rt of 4.91 in both chitosan treated and untreated cells. This is the first ever report where use of chitosan has been done to enhance the production of the hydrolysable tannin in P. debilis using cell suspension culture technique. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Estrategias utilizadas por los docentes para promover el aprendizaje de la biología a nivel universitario

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Adriana C. Vera

2011-09-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es divulgar los resultados de la investigación,cuyo objetivo fue identificar los tipos de estrategias utilizadas por los docentes para promover el aprendizaje en biología. Las teorías que sirvieron de apoyo fueron los aportes de Díaz y Hernández (2007, Ausubel et al. (1991, entre otros. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la Escuela de Educación, Mención Biología de la Universidad del Zulia; fue de tipo descriptiva, con diseño de campo, no experimental y transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 1050 estudiantes, la muestra fue de 91 estudiantes estratificados por semestres, para el segmento de profesores fue población censal de 16 docentes. La técnica utilizada para recolectar la información fue la encuesta; el instrumento, un cuestionario con 12 itemes, validado por expertos en el área, con una confiabilidad de 0.93 determinada a través del método Alfa de Cronbach. Para analizar los datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva a través de medias aritméticas. Se concluye que existe baja presencia de las estrategias para la promoción del aprendizaje significativo, por lo que se recomienda considerar al proceso educativo como hecho humano y social gestiona do por el profesor, quien debe planificar y desarrollar las actividades innovadoras,creativas, dejando a un lado la postura tradicionalista en el aula para que se logre el aprendizaje significativo esperado en el área de la Biología.

Potential use of the facultative halophyte Chenopodium quinoa Willd. as substrate for biogas production cultivated with different concentrations of sodium chloride under hydroponic conditions.

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Turcios, Ariel E; Weichgrebe, Dirk; Papenbrock, Jutta

2016-03-01

This project analyses the biogas potential of the halophyte Chenopodium quinoa Willd. In a first approach C. quinoa was grown with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 10 and 20 ppt NaCl) and the crop residues were used as substrate for biogas production. In a second approach, C. quinoa was grown with 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppt NaCl under hydroponic conditions and the fresh biomass was used as substrate. The more NaCl is in the culture medium, the higher the sodium, potassium, crude ash and hemicellulose content in the plant tissue whereas the calcium, sulfur, nitrogen and carbon content in the biomass decrease. According to this study, it is possible to produce high yields of methane using biomass of C. quinoa. The highest specific methane yields were obtained using the substrate from the plants cultivated at 10 and 20 ppt NaCl in both experiments. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Algunas Estrategias Utilizadas por Familias Peruanas para Afrontar la Crisis Económica Actual

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Alegria Majluf

1994-12-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de explorar las estrategias utilizadas por madres de CSE media y baja para afrontar la crisis económica actual se entrevistaron a 20 madres de cada estrato económico y se les administraron trespequeñas encuestas y la Escala F-Copes "Escala de Evaluación Personal del Funcionamiento Familiar en Situaciones de Crisis". Los resultados evidenciaron que ambos grupos económicos se vieron seriamente afectados económicamente debiendo reducir sus gastos en actividades virales tales como alimentación, vestuario y recreación. Las madres de CSE media recurrieron más a una estrategia de reestructuración del problema para hacerlo más manejable y las madres de CSE baja a la movilización familiar para obtener ayuda y a la evaluación pasiva. No difieren ambos grupos en la búsqueda de apoyo espiritual y social.

Leaf degradation of Salix humboldtiana Willd: (Salicaceae and invertebrate colonization in a subtropical lake (Brazil Degradação foliar de Salix humboldtiana Willd: (Salicaceae e colonização por invertebrados em um lago subtropical (Brasil

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Franko Telöken

2011-03-01

Full Text Available AIM: To evaluate leaf degradation and invertebrate colonization of Salix humboldtiana Willd. in a subtropical shallow lake on the coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; METHODS: Litter bags containing 6.85 g of leaves were incubated in the superficial layer of sediment in the littoral region for 1, 4, 7, 14, 32, 47 and 71 days; RESULTS: After 71 days, a loss of 51% of the initial leaf weight was observed (k = 0.0100 d-1. We estimated that it would take 300 days to lose 95% of the initial weight. A total of 16040 organisms and 35 taxa were identified. Caenidae (25.9%, Oligochaeta (19%, Ostracoda (13.8%, Hydracarina (9.8%, Tanypodinae (9.7% and Coenagrionidae (7.7% were the most highly represented taxa. We observed increases in density, richness and diversity of taxa over time, with a stabilizing trend noted in the taxa diversity. Regarding the functional trophic groups (FTGs, gathering-collectors accounted for 57.6% of the community, while predators (25%, scrapers (15.8%, filtering-collectors (0.88% and shredders (0.73% were also represented. The diversity and evenness of the FTGs had stabilized by day 14; CONCLUSIONS: S. humboldtiana detritus provides a favorable habitat for a sufficient duration to support a high density and diversity of aquatic invertebrates. The small percentage of shredders indicates the minor influence of the invertebrate community on the rate of detrital degradation. The main contribution of invertebrates to detrital processing comes from the consumption of fine particulate organic matter by gathering-collectors.OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a degradação foliar de Salix humboldtiana Willd. e a colonização pela comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos em um lago raso subtropical, planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; MÉTODOS: Bolsas de decomposição contendo 6,85 g de folhas foram incubadas na região litorânea, na superfície do sedimento, e retiradas após 1, 4, 7, 14, 32, 47 e 71 dias de decomposi

Nutritional and sensory characteristics of gluten-free quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)-based cookies development using an experimental mixture design.

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Brito, Isabelle L; de Souza, Evandro Leite; Felex, Suênia Samara Santos; Madruga, Marta Suely; Yamashita, Fábio; Magnani, Marciane

2015-09-01

The aim of this study was to develop a gluten-free formulation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)-based cookies using experimental design of mixture to optimize a ternary mixture of quinoa flour, quinoa flakes and corn starch for parameters of colour, specific volume and hardness. Nutritional and sensory aspects of the optimized formulation were also assessed. Corn starch had a positive effect on the lightness of the cookies, but increased amounts of quinoa flour and quinoa flakes in the mixture resulted in darker product. Quinoa flour showed a negative effect on the specific volume, producing less bulky cookies, and quinoa flour and quinoa flakes had a positive synergistic effect on the hardness of the cookies. According the results and considering the desirability profile for colour, hardness and specific volume in gluten-free cookies, the optimized formulation contains 30 % quinoa flour, 25 % quinoa flakes and 45 % corn starch. The quinoa-based cookie obtained was characterized as a product rich in dietary fibre, a good source of essential amino acids, linolenic acid and minerals, with good sensory acceptability. These findings reports for the first time the application of quinoa processed as flour and flakes in mixture with corn starch as an alternative ingredient for formulations of gluten-free cookies-type biscuits.

Physical features, phenolic compounds, betalains and total antioxidant capacity of coloured quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from Peruvian Altiplano.

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Abderrahim, Fatima; Huanatico, Elizabeth; Segura, Roger; Arribas, Silvia; Gonzalez, M Carmen; Condezo-Hoyos, Luis

2015-09-15

Physical features, bioactive compounds and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of coloured quinoa varieties (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from Peruvian Altiplano were studied. Quinoa seeds did not show a pure red colour, but a mixture which corresponded to different fractal colour values (51.0-71.8), and they varied from small to large size. Regarding bioactive compounds, total phenolic (1.23-3.24mg gallic acid equivalents/g) and flavonol contents (0.47-2.55mg quercetin equivalents/g) were highly correlated (r=0.910). Betalains content (0.15-6.10mg/100g) was correlated with L colour parameter (r=-0.569), total phenolics (r=0.703) and flavonols content (r=0.718). Ratio of betaxanthins to betacyanins (0.0-1.41) was negatively correlated with L value (r=-0.744). Whereas, high TAC values (119.8-335.9mmol Trolox equivalents/kg) were negatively correlated with L value (r=-0.779), but positively with betalains (r=0.730), as well as with free (r=0.639), bound (r=0.558) and total phenolic compounds (r=0.676). Unexploited coloured quinoa seeds are proposed as a valuable natural source of phenolics and betalains with high antioxidant capacity. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

New taxa and combinations in neotropical Juncus (Juncaceae)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balslev, Henrik

1983-01-01

Juncus arequipensis andJ. breviculmis are described as new species, andJ. ramboi subsp.colombianus as a new subspecies.Juncus arcticus Willd. var.mexicanus (Willd.), var.montanus (Engelm.), and var.andicola (Hook.) are proposed as new combinations.......Juncus arequipensis andJ. breviculmis are described as new species, andJ. ramboi subsp.colombianus as a new subspecies.Juncus arcticus Willd. var.mexicanus (Willd.), var.montanus (Engelm.), and var.andicola (Hook.) are proposed as new combinations....

Characterization of Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) gene homoeologs in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).

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Maughan, P J; Turner, T B; Coleman, C E; Elzinga, D B; Jellen, E N; Morales, J A; Udall, J A; Fairbanks, D J; Bonifacio, A

2009-07-01

Salt tolerance is an agronomically important trait that affects plant species around the globe. The Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) gene encodes a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter that plays an important role in germination and growth of plants in saline environments. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a halophytic, allotetraploid grain crop of the family Amaranthaceae with impressive nutritional content and an increasing worldwide market. Many quinoa varieties have considerable salt tolerance, and research suggests quinoa may utilize novel mechanisms to confer salt tolerance. Here we report the cloning and characterization of two homoeologous SOS1 loci (cqSOS1A and cqSOS1B) from C. quinoa, including full-length cDNA sequences, genomic sequences, relative expression levels, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, and a phylogenetic analysis of SOS1 genes from 13 plant taxa. The cqSOS1A and cqSOS1B genes each span 23 exons spread over 3477 bp and 3486 bp of coding sequence, respectively. These sequences share a high level of similarity with SOS1 homologs of other species and contain two conserved domains, a Nhap cation-antiporter domain and a cyclic-nucleotide binding domain. Genomic sequence analysis of two BAC clones (98 357 bp and 132 770 bp) containing the homoeologous SOS1 genes suggests possible conservation of synteny across the C. quinoa sub-genomes. This report represents the first molecular characterization of salt-tolerance genes in a halophytic species in the Amaranthaceae as well as the first comparative analysis of coding and non-coding DNA sequences of the two homoeologous genomes of C. quinoa.

Evaluation of allelopathic impact of aqueous extract of root and aerial root of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd. miers on some weed plants

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K. M. Abdul RAOOF

2012-05-01

Full Text Available The present laboratory experimental study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd. Miers on seed germination and seedling growth of weed plants (Chenopodium album L. Chenopodium murale L., Cassia tora L. and Cassia sophera L.. Root and aerial root aqueous extracts of Tinospora at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0% concentrations were applied to determine their effect on seed germination and seedling growth of test plants under laboratory conditions. Germination was observed for 15 days after that the root length and shoot length was measured. Dry weight was measured after oven drying the seedlings. The aqueous extracts from root and aerial root had inhibitory effect on seed germination of test plants. Aqueous extracts from root and aerial root significantly inhibited not only germination and seedling growth but also reduced dry weight of the seedlings. Root length, shoot length of weed species decreased progressively when plants were exposed to increasing concentration (0.5, 1, 2 and 4%. Aqueous extract of aerial root shows the least inhibition. The pH of aqueous extracts of different parts of T. cordifolia does not show any major change when the concentration increases.

COMPARATIVE ANATOMICAL ASPECTS OF EUPHORBIA MILLI VAR. SPLENDENS (BOJER EX HOOK. URSCH & LEANDRI AND EUPHORBIA PULCHERRIMA WILLD. EX KLOTZSCH SPECIES LEAVES

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Rodica BERCU

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The paper presents a comparative study concerning the leaf structure of two Euphorbia species belonging to Euphorbiaceae family: Euphorbia milli var. splendens (Bojer ex Hook. Ursch & Leandri and Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch. Anatomically, the leaves of the studied species are quite similar in the basic structure. The petiole has a single-layered epidermis, a collenchyma tissue – hypodermis - and three collateral bundles embedded in a basic tissue. Differences occur concerning the relationship between the collateral bundles. The Euphorbia pulcherrima bract petiole has almost the same structure as those of the leaf petiole. The blade is amphistomatic for Euphorbia milli var. splendes and hipostomatic for E. pulcherrima. The heterogeneous mesophyll is isobilateral in Euphorbia milli var. splendens blade and bifacial in E. pulcherrima. The vascular system of the mid rib is represented by one collateral bundle for both species, more developed in Euphorbia milli var. splendens blade. Differences appear concerning the epidermal cells cuticle thickness, the type of mesophyll, the abundance of the non-articulated laticifers and the development of the vascular system. The Euphorbia pulcherrima bract has the same organization plan structure as the leaf blade but some features differences occur.

Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas popularmente utilizadas como antiúlceras e antiinflamatórias pela comunidade de Pirizal, Nossa Senhora do Livramento-MT, Brasil

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Neyres Zínia Taveira de Jesus

Full Text Available O trabalho teve por objetivo proceder o levantamento etnobotânico das espécies vegetais utilizadas popularmente no Distrito de Pirizal - MT, no pantanal mato-grossense, como antiúlceras e antiinflamatórias. A entrevista aberta foi realizada através da aplicação de um roteiro base a 38 informantes adultos, na faixa etária de 25 a 75 anos. Indagou-se o nome popular das plantas, partes utilizadas, preparados e vias de administração, e realizou-se a revisão bibliográfica das plantas mais citadas no estudo, utilizando-se as bases de dados convencionais. Foram citadas 49 espécies pertencentes a 47 gêneros e 32 famílias, destacando-se a família Fabaceae. As plantas mais citadas simultaneamente como antiúlceras e antiinflamatórias foram Lafoensia pacari St. Hil. (9,2%, Hyptis crenata Pohl (8,8%, Hyptis suaveolens (L. Poit (6,7%, Stachytarpheta cayenensis (L.C.Rich Vahl (5,8%, Waltheria indica L. (5%, Strychnos pseudoquina St. Hil. (4,2% e Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth. Ducke (3,3%. A parte da planta mais citada foi a folha (57,1%, a via de administração mais utilizada no tratamento das úlceras gástricas foi a oral (100%, com preferência para os chás (75%, enquanto nas inflamações foram os banhos tópicos (60%.. A revisão bibliográfica apontou a necessidade de aprofundar os estudos químico-farmacológicos para Vatairea macrocarpa (Benth. Ducke e Hyptis crenata Pohl.

Gomose da acácia-negra causada por Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst. Gummosis of Acacia decurrens Willd. Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst.

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Ivan José Antunes Ribeiro

1988-01-01

Full Text Available É relatada a ocorrência, pela primeira vez no Brasil, de Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst. sobre acácia-negra. Testes de inoculação cruzada foram efetuados em casa de vegetação com o isolado obtido de acácia-negra (Acacia decurrens Willd. e outro de mangueira (Mangifera indica L.. Observou-se que ambos os isolados foram patogênicos à acácia-negra e à mangueira.Several plants of Acacia decurrens showed wilting and subsequent branche drying. The branches showed wood splitting and gum exudation. The transversally cut wood showed ashy colored pith, that desenvolved numerous perithecia when kept in a humid chamber. These perithecia were transferred aseptically to potato-dextrose-agar and the culture was classified as Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst. Four mounth old Acacia plants inoculated with the isolate died after 14 days. The fungus was again isolated from these dead plants. Cross inoculation tests with isolate of C. fimbriata from Acacia and mango (Mangifera indica L. showed pathogenic effects for both hosts.

Decay of oak Wood provoked by fungus Stereum hirsutum (Willd. ex Fr. S. F. Gray. and its' essential physiological requirements

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Mirić Milenko

2005-01-01

Full Text Available White rot fungi usually decompose cell walls of attacked wood destroying tissue elements (i.e. parenchyma cells, wood fibres, tension wood, tracheas etc in different amount, depending to wood-species as well as to its' zones. Different fungi secrete specific enzymes that are responsible for certain damages. As consequence, the wood structure use to be significantly and unfixable decomposed and changed. Microscopical analyses that have been run provided clear and indicative information relating to effects of fungal activity on wood tissue. Physiological requirements of fungi are for shore of the highest importance in understanding of mechanism of decaying process in the wood. The most important factors as like temperature and concentration of H ions, as well as main nutrients as sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus can affect the behaviour of wood decaying fungi. The impacts of these factors on the growth and production on mycelial mass of Stereum hirsutum (Willd. ex Fr. S.F. Gray., have been investigated. This fungus is one of the most frequent appearing on the Sessile- and Pedunculate Oak weakened trees or felled logs, behaving as parasite as well as saprophyte. As a causer of Oak sapwood white rot S. hirsutum causes significant damages of wood at forest- as well as at industrial storages.

Effect of extraction pH on heat-induced aggregation, gelation and microstructure of protein isolate from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd).

Science.gov (United States)

Ruiz, Geraldine Avila; Xiao, Wukai; van Boekel, Martinus; Minor, Marcel; Stieger, Markus

2016-10-15

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of extraction pH on heat-induced aggregation, gelation and microstructure of suspensions of protein isolates extracted from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Quinoa seed protein was extracted by alkaline treatment at various pH values (pH 8 (E8), 9 (E9), 10 (E10) and 11 (E11)), followed by acid precipitation. The obtained protein isolates were freeze dried. The protein isolates E8 and E9 resulted in a lower protein yield as well as less protein denaturation. These isolates also had a higher protein purity, more protein bands at higher molecular weights, and a higher protein solubility in the pH range of 3-4.5, compared to the isolates E10 and E11. Heating the 10%w/w protein isolate suspensions E8 and E9 led to increased aggregation, and semi-solid gels with a dense microstructure were formed. The isolate suspensions E10 and E11, on the other hand, aggregated less, did not form self-supporting gels and had loose particle arrangements. We conclude that extraction pH plays an important role in determining the functionality of quinoa protein isolates. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Algunos procedimientos y estrategias geométricas utilizadas por un grupo de artesanos del municipio de Guacamayas en Boyacá, Colombia

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Christian Camilo Fuentes Leal

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta algunos procedimientos y estrategias geométricas utilizadas por un grupo de artesanos del municipio de Guacamayas en Boyacá, Colombia. Así mismo, se expone un análisis geométrico de algunosdiseños presentes en la cestería que elabora la comunidad y, finalmente se hace una reflexión sobre la importancia de la integración de conocimientos matemáticos extraescolares al currículo escolar.

Effects of ascorbate feeding on chlorophyll fluorescence and xanthophyll cycle components in the lichen Parmelia quercina (Willd.) Vainio exposed to atmospheric pollutants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Calatayud, A.; Deltoro, V.I.; Barreno, E. [Univ. de Valencia, Inst. `Cavanilles` de Biodiversitat y Biologia Evolutiva, Burjassot (Spain); Abadia, A. [Estacion Experimental Aula Dei, CSIC, Dept. of Plant Nutrition, Zaragoza (Spain)

1999-08-01

The effects of environmental stresses on photosynthetic responses, ascorbate levels and pigment composition were investigated in samples of Parmelia quercina (Willd.) Vainio from control and polluted regions of the northern Castellon area (Valencia, Spain). In response to sustained pollutant stress in the field, lichen thalli has closed PSII traps and exhibited lower rates of electron transport and non-radiative energy dissipation. The xanthophyll concentration was not affected by exposure to atmospheric pollutants. The ascorbate concentration was lower in samples exposed to ambient air pollutants compared to control thalli. Ascorbate feeding of thalli from polluted sites stimulated electron flow, photochemical quenching and non-raditive energy dissipation. Additionally, ascorbate feeding enhances the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll pool in polluted thalli. The partial recovery for non-radiative energy dissipation was presumabley due to the interaction between the increased thylakoid pH gradient and de-epoxidized xanthophylls. Furhtermore, ascorbate feeding descreased photon excess in thalli from polluted sites owing to the stimulation of linear electron flow and non-radiative energy dissipation. The present study suggests that atmospheric pollutants besides their intrinsic toxicity, put on an additional burden by hampering the operation of photoprotective mechanisms. (au)

Genetic and chemical diversity of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex. Schult. DC. in the Brazilian Amazon.

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Isabela Cristina Gomes Honório

Full Text Available Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult. DC., a plant native to the Amazon region, is used widely in popular medicine and by the pharmaceutical industry because of its anti-inflammatory activity. However, the survival of this species is endangered by deforestation and indiscriminate collection, and a preservation plan is urgently required. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic and chemical variability between and within eight populations of U. tomentosa from the Brazilian states of Acre, Pará and Amapá, and to investigate possible correlations between genetic and geographical distances, and between geographical distances or altitude and the accumulation of bioactive oxindole alkaloids. Three sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP markers were employed to fingerprint genomic DNA, and the amounts of mitraphylline and isomitraphylline in leaf samples were established by high-performance liquid chromatography. Although significant divergence existed between the tested populations (FST = 0.246, the largest genetic diversity and the highest percentage of polymorphism (95.68% was found within the population from Mâncio Lima, Acre. Gene flow was considered rather limited (Nm = 1.57, and no correlations between genetic and geographical distances were detected, suggesting that population structure followed an island model. Accumulations of mitraphylline and isomitraphylline varied in the range 32.94 to 0.57 and 3.75 to 0.36 mg g-1 dry weight, respectively. The concentration of isomitraphylline was positively influenced by altitude, such that the population collected at the site with the highest elevation (Tarauacá, Acre exhibited the greatest alkaloid content. SRAP markers were very efficient in fingerprinting genomic DNA from U. tomentosa populations and clearly showed that genetic variability within populations was greater than between populations. A conservation and management plan should prioritize the creation of germplasm

Estudio de caracterización de la calidad microbiológica y fisicoquímica del agua utilizada en la industria de alimentos, Colombia, 2007

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Elizabeth Silva

2010-09-01

Conclusión. Aunque es un estudio preliminar, los resultados indican que el agua utilizada en la mayoría de las industrias participantes puede producir deterioro de los alimentos y ser una vía de transmisión de microorganismos patógenos; por lo tanto, es importante organizar un programa continuo de seguimiento y control.

Carbon stock quantification of Morella pubescens (H. & B. ex Willd. Wilbur in two agroecosystems (Nariño, Colombia

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Iván Andrés Delgado Vargas

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The carbon stored in radical biomass of Morella pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Wilbur, was quantified, in San Pablo, Nariño, Colombia, with height of 2010 m, average annual rainfall of 1300 mm and average temperature of 17ºC. Three experimental unites: silvopastoral system pasture alley cropping (Ac in two planting distances 4x3m and 4x4m, and natural regeneration system (Rn, 7 individual ware taken by experimental unite with (diameters 5 – 7 cm, by experimental unit, the sample was taken to 70 cm and 140 cm from the tree and three depths (0-15, 15-30, and 30-45 cm. In total 24 simples/trees were taken in 21 selected individuals. The mayor quantity of radical biomass and C stock was presented in the Ac arrangement 4x3 m of 27.6 t.ha-1 (14.1 t.C.ha-1; 24 4 t.ha-1 (12.1 t.C.ha-1 distance 4x4 m and 7.5 t.ha-1 and 2.9 t.ha-1In natural regeneration. In system Ac distance 4x4 m there were not differences in C stored by tree Rn, there was a decrease by 4x3 m, thus, the differences of accumulation between the systems, can obey to the density of the sowing.

"Antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity of essential oil, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ocimum micranthum Willd leaves".

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Caamal-Herrera, Isabel O; Carrillo-Cocom, Leydi M; Escalante-Réndiz, Diana Y; Aráiz-Hernández, Diana; Azamar-Barrios, José A

2018-02-08

Ocimum micranthum Willd is a plant used in traditional medicine practiced in the region of the Yucatan peninsula. In particular, it is used for the treatment of cutaneous infections and wound healing, however there are currently no existing scientific studies that support these applications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and the in vitro proliferative activity (on healthy mammalian cell lines) of the essential oil and extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) of this plant. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of essential oil and aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ocimum micranthum leaves against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans was determined using the microdilution technique. The in vitro proliferative activity of human fibroblast (hFB) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells treated with these extracts was evaluated using the MTT test. The hFB cell line was also evaluated using Trypan Blue assay. Candida albicans was more susceptible to the ethanolic extract and the aqueous extract (MIC value of 5 μL/mL and 80 μL/mL respectively). In the case of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the MIC of the aqueous and ethanolic extract was 125 μL/mL. The aqueous extract showed a significant (p essential oil and extracts of Ocimum micranthum leaves are sufficient to cause an antiproliferative effect on the hFB cell line but do not produce an antimicrobial effect against the microorganisms evaluated. More studies are necessary to improve understanding of the mechanism of action of the compounds implicated in the bioactivities shown by the crude extracts.

The antioxidant activity and nitric oxide production of extracts obtained from the leaves of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

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Chen, Hsiao-Ling; Lan, Xiang-Zhen; Wu, Yan-Yi; Ou, Yu-Wen; Chen, Tsung Chi; Wu, Wen-Tzu

2017-12-01

Most reports have indicated the antioxidant capacity of quinoa seeds. However, the leaves of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) are usually worthless and little known about their biological activities. In this study, the antioxidant and immunomodulatory potential of the quinoa leaf extracts were explored. The crude leaf extracts of quinoa were extracted using water, 50% ethanol or 95% ethanol as solvent, denoted WQL, 50% EQL and 95% EQL, respectively. The antioxidant activities of quinoa leaf extracts were assessed by the ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and iron chelating. The total phenolic content was determined. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells was examined to gauge the anti-inflammatory activity. The 95% EQL showed a higher level of total phenolic content (569.5 mg GAE/g extract) and better DPPH scavenging activity. The WQL exhibited a better iron chelating capacity (28.9% at 10 mg/ml). The iron chelating activity of the 95% EQL increased in a concentration-dependent manner, which ranged from 10.9% up to 53.9%. The 50% EQL and 95% EQL significantly inhibited NO production in the LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We demonstrate that the extracts of quinoa leaves possess the biological activities of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Our finding suggests that the leaf extract of quinoa has potential to be utilized for natural health products. © Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access by China Medical University.

ESPÉCIES BOTÂNICAS UTILIZADAS NO ARTESANATO COMERCIALIZADO NA CIDADE DE ALTAMIRA-PA

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Olganeth Moreira de Oliveira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A diversidade de espécies florestais que existe na região amazônica torna imprescindível o conhecimento de cada espécie, a fim garantir a conservação e preservação da biodiversidade e o desenvolvimento das atividades econômicas. O presente trabalho objetivou a identificação das espécies botânicas mais utilizadas no artesanato da cidade de Altamira e a caracterização dos processos de coleta e beneficiamento adotados pelos artesãos. Foram realizadas entrevistas com aplicação de formulário, e foram visitadas duas associações de artesãos. Foram encontradas 48 espécies, sendo 34 identificadas e 14 indeterminadas. Dentre as famílias identificadas, destacaram-se: Fabaceae, Arecaceae e Lecythidaceae. Quanto aos processos de coleta, beneficiamento e armazenamento das sementes, os artesãos apresentaram técnicas adquiridas com o tempo de profissão. Palavras-chave: sementes, produtos florestais não-madeireiros, artesanato. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18561/2179-5746/biotaamazonia.v4n4p1-5

Caracterização genética de mulungu (Erythrina velutina Willd. em áreas de baixa ocorrência

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Luciana Oliveira Gonçalves

Full Text Available A Erythrina velutina Willd., popularmente conhecida como mulungu, apresenta propriedades farmacológicas e se encontra em estado de raridade em regiões do Estado de Sergipe. Devido ao interesse econômico, torna-se fundamental gerar informações para definir planos de conservação e exploração sustentável. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os indivíduos de Erythrina velutina por meio de marcadores ISSRs. Para isto foram estudados 40 indivíduos do Estado de Sergipe pertencentes a três localidades (Município de Pinhão - Caatinga; Município de Santana do São Francisco e São Cristóvão - Mata Atlântica. Ao total, foram avaliados e obtidos 149 locos a partir de 11 primers ISSR. O número mínimo de locos para estudo de diversidade em E. velutina foi de 117 de acordo com o valor do estresse de Kruskal. Na população de Santana ocorre estruturação genética espacial e a população de Pinhão não possui estruturação genética espacial, seus indivíduos estão distribuídos de forma aleatória o que compromete a sustentabilidade ao longo do tempo, e, portanto, requer ações imediatas de conservação e recuperação.

Estratégias de posicionamento e contenção de recém-nascido pré-termo utilizadas em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal

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Thais Melo De Albuquerque

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal é um ambiente que proporciona técnicas e procedimentos aprimorados, um local repleto de equipamentos ricos em tecnologia e característica ímpar na assistência ao recém-nascido de risco. Com a evolução da neonatologia e a inserção dos cuidados humanizados dentro desse serviço nos últimos anos, observa-se uma mudança no prognóstico dos pré-termos. Objetivo: Pesquisar quais estratégias de posicionamento e contenção ao recém-nascido pré-termo estão sendo mais utilizados em hospitais públicos da Região Metropolitana do Recife. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e observacional. Foi realizado um questionário semiestruturado com 34 profissionais de saúde do serviço envolvidos na assistência ao recém-nascido pré-termo na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Resultados: Dentre os participantes (91,17%, responderam nunca ter utilizado a “redinha” como um recurso de posicionamento. As estratégias mais utilizadas são o rolinho (100,0% e o swaddle (88,23%, porém um percentual relevante de participantes (44,11% assinalou acreditar no ganho oferecido pela “redinha”, embora esta técnica não seja utilizada nos serviços ao qual fazem parte. Conclusão: As estratégias mais utilizadas nos serviços pesquisados foram o rolinho e o swaddle, a maioria dos profissionais não tinham conhecimento prático de outros recursos. Sendo assim, este estudo considera que a prática destas medidas acarretam ganhos não só no campo de desenvolvimento, mas também simplificam o tratamento e viabilizam a recuperação do recém-nascido pré-termo.

Seed priming with extracts of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile and Sapindus mukorossi (L.) plant parts in the control of root rot fungi and growth of plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rafi, H.; Dawar, S.; Zaki, M.J.

2015-01-01

Seed priming with plant extracts and chemicals has been used as an important growth enhancement tool in crop plants. In this research, an attempt was made to understand the mechanism of various seed priming treatments on greenhouse-grown okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) for the control of root infecting fungi like Rhizoctonia solani (Kn), Fusarium spp. and Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid by plant parts extracts (stem, leaves and seeds) of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile and Sapindus mukorossi (L) at different time intervals (5, 10, 20, 40 minutes). Results showed significant suppression of root rot fungi and significantly enhanced the growth parameters like shoot length, root length, shoot weight and root weight. Seed-priming with A. nilotica and S. mukorossi leaves extract for 10 minutes time interval was found to be effective for the control of root rot fungi and growth of all tested leguminous and non-leguminous plants. (author)

Quantificação por NIR/MIR de resina poliuretânica em misturas binárias com nitrocelulose utilizadas em tintas

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Viviane Cristine Rodrigues

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Foi elaborada uma nova metodologia nas regiões do infravermelho médio (MIR e do infravermelho próximo (NIR, usando-se técnicas de Reflexão e/ou Transmissão para a determinação do teor de resina poliuretânica (PU em misturas binárias com nitrocelulose (NC, utilizadas em formulações de tintas. A técnica de Reflexão Total Atenuada Universal (UATR se mostrou útil na região MIR, para tal fim. Após a avaliação de diferentes bandas analíticas, de referência e de linhas de base, a banda relativa (A1541/ A1645 foi escolhida para a elaboração da curva de calibração, com erro de metodologia de 1,42%. As técnicas de Transmissão e Reflexão (DRIFT foram utilizadas na região NIR (banda relativa A5902/ A5262 para validação, apresentando erros de metodologia de 1,42% e 1,60 %, respectivamente. Todos os erros relativos nas metodologias apresentaram-se dentro dos limites de precisão da análise quantitativa FT-IR, para as condições usadas (≤2%. A análise de amostras teste confirmou a precisão das metodologias desenvolvidas, que também apresentam praticidade, baixo custo e tempo reduzido de análise.

Seed size effects on the response of seedlings of Acacia asak (Forssk.) Willd to water stress

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Atta, H.A.; Areef, I.M.; Ahmed, A.I.

2016-01-01

Dry tropical forests are characterized by unpredictable spells of drought and climate change. Saudi Arabia mostly falls within the arid zone and some few scattered areas fall in the semiarid zone mainly in the South Western region. Rainfall is sparse and with sporadic distribution. Drought is the most critical factor for restoration of the tree cover. Within a tree, seeds vary in size from large to small seeds. Although several researchers have studied the effect of within species variation in seed size on seedlings growth parameters, however there is a lack of knowledge regarding the effect of seed size on stress tolerance (Khurana and Singh 2000). We assumed that seedlings grown from different seed sizes from the same tree species may influence their response to water stress. Seeds of Acacia asak (Forssk.) Willd. were categorized into large, medium and small seeds on the basis of the seed weight. Seedlings from the three seed sizes were grown in potted soil and subjected to 5 levels of field water capacity (FC) (100, 75, 50, 25 and 15 percent) in the greenhouse. The Objective was to evaluate the response of seedling grown (from different seed sizes) to water stress and to understand the acclimation of seedlings to water stress. Water stress significantly reduced RWC, leaf area, and shoot length, fresh and dry weight. Significant correlations between growth parameters and water stress level were recorded. Seedlings from large seeds were heavier and comparatively less affected by drought compared to seedlings from smaller seeds. In all seedlings root length increased significantly and more biomass was allocated to roots than to shoots. However, at severe water stress (15 percent FC) no significant differences were reported between the three seedling categories. Therefore, raising of seedlings from large seeds is more appropriate for tree restoration programs under drought conditions. (author)

Transcriptional Responses of Chilean Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Under Water Deficit Conditions Uncovers ABA-Independent Expression Patterns.

Science.gov (United States)

Morales, Andrea; Zurita-Silva, Andres; Maldonado, Jonathan; Silva, Herman

2017-01-01

HIGHLIGHTS R49 genotype displayed best performance on selected physiological parameters and highest tolerance to drought.R49 drought over-represented transcripts has exhibited 19% of genes (306 contigs) that presented no homology to published databases.Expression pattern for canonical responses to drought such as ABA biosynthesis and other genes induced in response to drought were assessed by qPCR. Global freshwater shortage is one of the biggest challenges of our time, often associated to misuse, increased consumption demands and the effects of climate change, paralleled with the desertification of vast areas. Chenopodium quinoa (Willd.) represents a very promising species, due to both nutritional content and cultivation under water constraint. We characterized drought tolerance of three Chilean genotypes and selected Genotype R49 (Salares ecotype) based upon Relative Water Content (RWC), Electrolyte Leakage (EL) and maximum efficiency of photosystem II (F v /F m ) after drought treatment, when compared to another two genotypes. Exploratory RNA-Seq of R49 was generated by Illumina paired-ends method comparing drought and control irrigation conditions. We obtained 104.8 million reads, with 54 million reads for control condition and 51 million reads for drought condition. Reads were assembled in 150,952 contigs, were 31,523 contigs have a reading frame of at least 300 nucleotides (100 aminoacids). BLAST2GO annotation showed a 15% of genes without homology to NCBI proteins, but increased to 19% (306 contigs) when focused into drought-induced genes. Expression pattern for canonical drought responses such as ABA biosynthesis and other genes induced were assessed by qPCR, suggesting novelty of R49 drought responses.

Revisão sistemática das escalas utilizadas para avaliação funcional na doença de Pompe Revisión sistemática de las escalas utilizadas para evaluación funcional en la enfermedad de Pompe Systematic review of functional assessment scales in Pompe disease

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Alana Karla Savegnago

2012-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar as escalas utilizadas para avaliação funcional na doença de Pompe (DP e descrever seu nível de evidência e recomendação. FONTES DE DADOS: Revisão sistemática sobre as escalas de avaliação funcional na DP. Pesquisa realizada nos bancos de dados Medline, Lilacs, Registro Cochrane de Ensaios Controlados Central (CCTR e SciELO com artigos (exceto artigos de revisão publicados entre 2000 e 2010. As palavras-chave utilizadas nos idiomas português e inglês foram: doença de depósito de glicogênio tipo II, atividades cotidianas, avaliação. Os artigos foram classificados em nível de evidência e recomendação. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Foram incluídos 14 estudos que avaliaram desde recém-nascidos a adultos (amostra total=449. Foram encontradas as seguintes escalas na literatura: Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI e sua forma adaptada para DP (Pompe-PEDI, Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS, Rotterdam Handiscap Scale (RHS, Functional Independence Measure (FIM, Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM e Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-II. A maioria dos estudos apresentou nível de evidência III, por serem não randomizados. Grau de recomendação das escalas: C para AIMS e Pompe-PEDI; D para GMFM e PDMS-II; E para RHS e FIM. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria das escalas utilizadas para avaliação funcional na DP apresenta baixo nível de evidência e recomendação. As que apresentam melhor grau de recomendação (C são as escalas AIMS e Pompe-PEDI aplicadas em Pediatria.OBJETIVO: Identificar las escalas utilizadas para evaluación funcional en la enfermedad de Pompe (EP y describir su nivel de evidencia y recomendación. FUENTES DE DATOS: Revisión sistemática sobre las escalas de evaluación funcional en la EP. Investigaciones realizadas en las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs, Registro Cochrane de Ensayos Controlados Central (CCTR y SciELO con artículos (excepto artículos de revisión publicados entre 2000

Estudo preliminar da atividade antibacteriana das cascas de Erythrina velutina Willd., Fabaceae (Leguminosae

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S. Virtuoso

Full Text Available A Erythrina velutina é popularmente conhecida como suinã, mulungu, corticeira, mulungu-da-catinga dentre outros. Das várias espécies distribuídas pelo mundo cerca de doze estão no Brasil. A casca é utilizada, principalmente no nordeste brasileiro, pelas propriedades sudorífica, calmante, emoliente, peitoral, anestésica local e outras. Considerando-se que não existem estudos sobre o potencial microbiológico das cascas de Erythrina velutina este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliá-lo preliminarmente contra oito bactérias patogênicas. Foram utilizados os métodos de difusão em disco e concentração inibitória mínima para o extrato etanólico bruto e difusão em disco para a fração hexano. A atividade contra o Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus pyogenes foi evidenciada para ambas as amostras. A viabilidade de futuras pesquisas com outras frações e substâncias isoladas na busca de novas alternativas, visando uma terapêutica racional a partir de fontes naturais foi apontada pelos resultados.

Ionic and osmotic relations in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants grown at various salinity levels.

Science.gov (United States)

Hariadi, Yuda; Marandon, Karl; Tian, Yu; Jacobsen, Sven-Erik; Shabala, Sergey

2011-01-01

Ionic and osmotic relations in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) were studied by exposing plants to six salinity levels (0-500 mM NaCl range) for 70 d. Salt stress was administered either by pre-mixing of the calculated amount of NaCl with the potting mix before seeds were planted or by the gradual increase of NaCl levels in the irrigation water. For both methods, the optimal plant growth and biomass was achieved between 100 mM and 200 mM NaCl, suggesting that quinoa possess a very efficient system to adjust osmotically for abrupt increases in NaCl stress. Up to 95% of osmotic adjustment in old leaves and between 80% and 85% of osmotic adjustment in young leaves was achieved by means of accumulation of inorganic ions (Na(+), K(+), and Cl(-)) at these NaCl levels, whilst the contribution of organic osmolytes was very limited. Consistently higher K(+) and lower Na(+) levels were found in young, as compared with old leaves, for all salinity treatments. The shoot sap K(+) progressively increased with increased salinity in old leaves; this is interpreted as evidence for the important role of free K(+) in leaf osmotic adjustment under saline conditions. A 5-fold increase in salinity level (from 100 mM to 500 mM) resulted in only a 50% increase in the sap Na(+) content, suggesting either a very strict control of xylem Na(+) loading or an efficient Na(+) removal from leaves. A very strong correlation between NaCl-induced K(+) and H(+) fluxes was observed in quinoa root, suggesting that a rapid NaCl-induced activation of H(+)-ATPase is needed to restore otherwise depolarized membrane potential and prevent further K(+) leak from the cytosol. Taken together, this work emphasizes the role of inorganic ions for osmotic adjustment in halophytes and calls for more in-depth studies of the mechanisms of vacuolar Na(+) sequestration, control of Na(+) and K(+) xylem loading, and their transport to the shoot.

Alterações morfofisiológicas em folhas de Coffea arabica L. cv. "Oeiras" sob influência do sombreamento por Acacia mangium Willd Morphophysiological alterations in leaves of Coffea arabica L. cv. 'Oeiras' shaded by Acacia mangium Willd

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Inês Angélica Cordeiro Gomes

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Diferenças na disponibilidade de radiação podem causar modificações na estrutura e função das folhas do cafeeiro, que podem responder de maneira diferencial à radiação por alterações morfológicas, anatômicas, de crescimento e na taxa fotossintética. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características morfofisiológicas de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L. cv. "Oeiras" sombreados por acácia (Acacia mangium Willd. na época seca e chuvosa no sul de Minas Gerais. As maiores taxas fotossintéticas e maiores espessuras da epiderme adaxial foram observadas na estação chuvosa nas linhas de cafeeiros a pleno sol. O sombreamento influenciou em menor espessura das folhas e em espaços intercelulares maiores no tecido esponjoso. Foi também verificada mudança na forma dos cloroplastos, os quais apresentaram-se mais alongados em folhas de cafeeiros a pleno sol quando relacionados aos arborizados.Light availability is one of the most important environmental factors affecting leaf structure and functions in coffee plants that can respond differently to radiation by changes in leaf anatomy, morphology, growth and photosynthetic rate. The objective of this research was evaluate some morphophysiological aspects in leaves of coffee (Coffea arabica L. cv. 'Oeiras' cropped under shelter trees in the south of Minas Gerais during the rainy and dry season. The shade caused lower leaves thickness and higher intercellular spaces in spongious tissue. There was also verified a change in chloroplast shape, which showed more elongated in coffee tree kept at full sunlight in relation to that ones maintained on shading.

THE DIFFERENCE OF MACHINING PROPERTIES OF TIMO (Timonius sericeus (Desf K. Schum. And KABESAK WOOD (Acacia leucophloea (Roxb. Willd. FROM EAST NUSA TENGGARA

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Heny Rianawati

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Machining properties is one of the parameters to determine the quality of the wood. Tests on machining properties of wood are important to know the easiness level of workmanship as raw materials of furniture industry, construction wood and other wood products. This research was aimed at determining the difference of machining properties between timo wood (Timonius sericeus (Desf K. Schum. and kabesak wood (Acacia leucophloea (Roxb. Willd. from the village of Reknamo, Kupang district, East Nusa Tenggara. Testing procedures were based on ASTM D1666 including: planning, shaping, sanding, drilling and turning. The observation of qualities of the machining were done visually by calculating the percentage of defects that arise on the surface of the samples after the machining process, then the qualities were classified into five quality classes. The results showed that the machining properties of timo wood and kabesak wood were very good and belonging to the quality of class I. The significant difference between the machining properties of both the timbers is in the sanding properties, where the average free defect of sanding timo wood is 85% while kabesak wood is 84.5%. Both timo and kabesak wood are suitable as raw material, for the variety of furniture and molding products.

Análise de demandas de pacientes e profissionais de saúde quanto à poltrona utilizada para a assistência do paciente

OpenAIRE

Fabiane Espíndola Gomes; Helena Barreto dos Santos; Flávio Sanson Flogliatto; Ricardo Bertoglio Cardoso

2017-01-01

Introdução: Sistemáticas transversais permitem identificar soluções tecnológicas que melhor atendam às necessidades dos usuários, sendo assim críticas para otimização de recursos financeiros e melhoria da qualidade do serviço prestado. Dessa forma, o presente projeto de pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar uma análise transversal das demandas dos usuários finais, profissionais da saúde e pacientes, quanto às poltronas utilizadas para assistência no Serviço de Onco-Hematologia do Hospital de Cl...

Influência das práticas parentais nas estratégias de coping e de savoring utilizadas pelos adolescentes em contexto escolar

OpenAIRE

Tristão, Nádia Andreia Alves Farinha

2009-01-01

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia da Educação e da Orientação), 2009, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação O presente estudo foi realizado com o intuito de investigar a influência das práticas educativas parentais nas estratégias de coping utilizadas pelos adolescentes em contexto escolar e explorar o papel que assumem também nas suas estratégias de savoring. Nesse sentido adoptaram-se as perspectivas de Maccoby e Martin (1983) sobre as...

New ribosome-inactivating proteins with polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidase and antiviral activities from Basella rubra L. and bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Bolognesi, A; Polito, L; Olivieri, F; Valbonesi, P; Barbieri, L; Battelli, M G; Carusi, M V; Benvenuto, E; Del Vecchio Blanco, F; Di Maro, A; Parente, A; Di Loreto, M; Stirpe, F

1997-12-01

New single-chain (type 1) ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) were isolated from the seeds of Basella rubra L. (two proteins) and from the leaves of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. (one protein). These RIPs inhibit protein synthesis both in a cell-free system, with an IC50 (concentration causing 50% inhibition) in the 10(-10) M range, and by various cell lines, with IC50S in the 10(-8)-10(-6) M range. All three RIPs released adenine not only from rat liver ribosomes but also from Escherichia coli rRNA, polyadenylic acid, herring sperm DNA, and artichoke mottled crinkle virus (AMCV) genomic RNA, thus being polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidases. The proteins from Basella rubra had toxicity to mice similar to that of most type 1 RIPs (Barbieri et al., 1993, Biochim Biophys Acta 1154: 237-282) with an LD50 (concentration that is 50% lethal) Bougainvillea spectabilis had an LD50 > 32 mg.kg-1. The N-terminal sequence of the two RIPs from Basella rubra had 80-93% identity, whereas it differed from the sequence of the RIP from Bougainvillea spectabilis. When tested with antibodies against various RIPs, the RIPs from Basella gave some cross-reactivity with sera against dianthin 32, and weak cross-reactivity with momordin I and momorcochin-S, whilst the RIP from Bougainvillea did not cross-react with any antiserum tested. An RIP from Basella rubra and one from Bougainvillea spectabilis were tested for antiviral activity, and both inhibited infection of Nicotiana benthamiana by AMCV.

Tecnología romana utilizada en la fabricación de una esquila

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Gómez de Salazar, J. M.

2005-12-01

Full Text Available At the beginning of the 70^th the archaeological artifacts of a roman village in Palencia were excavated. This village was known as La Olmeda and its mosaics and the luxury objects are attractive. The studies are focused on the characterization of the cowbell. This object was made with iron and bronze, in his hollow section and with iron in the handle and the clapper. The metallographic characterization of this piece using optical microscopy, SEM-EDX, XRD and hardness test gives information about different fabrication procedure and technological knowledge of the society.

A principios de los años 70 fueron excavados los restos arqueológicos de una villa tardorromana en la provincia de Palencia. Es conocida como La Olmeda y tiene como mayor atractivo sus mosaicos y los numerosos bienes encontrados. Una de las piezas estudiadas es la denominada esquila o campano de ganado. Se trata de un objeto constituido por hierro y bronce, en su sección hueca y únicamente por hierro en el asa y el badajo. Los estudios de caracterización química, microestructural y de propiedades mecánicas (dureza han permitido establecer la tecnología utilizada en la fabricación de esta esquila. Este tipo de estudios arqueometalúrgicos permitirán aproximarnos al conocimiento de los procesos tecnológicos llevados a cabo en época romana, en la provincia de Palencia.

ESTRUTURA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DE Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir. EM DOIS FRAGMENTOS DE CAATINGA EM PERNAMBUCO

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JOÃO TAVARES CALIXTO JÚNIOR

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. (jurema preta is a xerophytic species of the shrub-arboreal habit, indicative of secondary succession stage of recovery or progressive, widely disseminated by different caatinga physiognomies of northeastern Brazil, bringing great potential. For the few studies that address their environmental performance, this study aimed to investigate structural and ecological aspects of its population, based data in diameter and height, and characterize the spatial distribution pattern of this species in the study areas. The phytosociological survey was conducted in two areas with 2 and 80 hectares of caatinga at the Experimental Station of Embrapa Semiarid, Petrolina - PE. 10 units were plotted on a random sample measuring 8.0 x 40m, and included all individuals living in diameter at soil level K 3 cm, and measured the total height of the same. Were sampled 283 and 61 individuals in 100 and 80% of plots in areas I and II respectively, inserted mostly in the first diameter classes (3.0 - 6.0 cm and 6.1 - 9.0 cm and height (2.0 - 3.0 m and 3.1 - 4 m, without trend to standard reverse-J-shape in areas. The spatial distribution, measured by the Payandeh index, reached a value of 2.4 in area I and 7.8 in area II, indicating that the species has a aggregated distribution in both areas. The calculated values for the of Liocourt quotient in areas I and II respectively, got an average of 0.67 and 1.12 with great variation, showing unbalance, despite being in progressive process of natural regeneration.

Selection of Reference Genes for Expression Study in Pulp and Seeds of Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng. Schum.

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Lucas Ferraz Dos Santos

Full Text Available Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum [Willd. ex Spreng.] Schum is a species of high economic importance in Brazil with great potential at international level due to the multiple uses of both its seeds and pulp in the industry of sweets and cosmetics. For this reason, the cupuassu breeding program focused on the selection of genotypes with high pulp and seed quality-selection associated with the understanding of the mechanisms involved in fruit formation. Gene expression is one of the most used approaches related to such understanding. In this sense, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR is a powerful tool, since it rapidly and reliably quantifies gene expression levels across different experimental conditions. The analysis by qPCR and the correct interpretation of data depend on signal normalization using reference genes, i.e. genes presenting a uniform pattern of expression in the analyzed samples. Here, we selected and analyzed the expression of five genes from cupuassu (ACP, ACT, GAPDH, MDH, TUB to be used as candidates for reference genes on pulp and seed of young, maturing and mature cupuassu fruits. The evaluation of the gene expression stability was obtained using the NormFinder, geNorm and BestKeeper programs. In general, our results indicated that the GAPDH and MDH genes constituted the best combination as reference genes to analyze the expression of cupuassu samples. To our knowledge, this is the first report of reference gene definition in cupuassu, and these results will support subsequent analysis related to gene expression studies in cupuassu plants subjected to different biotic or abiotic conditions as well as serve as a tool for diversity analysis based on pulp and seed quality.

Morphology and histochemistry of glandular trichomes of Orobanche alba Stephan ex Willd

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Aneta Sulborska

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Orobanche alba Stephan ex Willd is an achlorophyllous root parasite rare in Poland. It prefers dry and sunny slopes, xerothermic grasslands and pastures, mountain pastures, light scrubs, and rock fissures and ledges. The hosts of O. alba include Thymus polytrichus A. ern. ex Borbás, Clinopodium vulgare L. and Origanum vulgare L. The tick and fleshy 10-70 cm high stem in this species bears an inflorescence composed of zygomorphic, white or yellow “spotted” flowers covered by purple glandular trichomes. Glandular trichomes of this type are also borne on other parts of the plant, i.e. on the stem, scaly leaves, sepals, filaments, and the style. The secondary metabolites secreted by the glandular trichomes are related to defense of plants against the attack of herbivores and pathogens or act as attractants to pollinators or for fruit dispersal. The micromorphology and histochemistry of the glandular trichomes in O. alba were examined using scanning electron and light microscopes. In order to determine the type of secondary metabolites produced by the trichomes, the flowing histochemical assays were used: Sudan III and neutral red for detection of lipophilic compounds, IKI for detection of starch, and FeCl3 for detection of phenolic compounds. The peltate glandular trichomes of O. alba were characterised by a varied length (0.15‑0.48 mm and different activity phases. The trichome was composed of one larger basal epidermal cell, 1-3 hyaline stalk cells with a striated cuticle, a neck cell with a smooth cuticle on the surface, and a globose head formed of 8-18 secretory cells arranged in a circle. Many stalk cells of the trichomes, particularly those located on the corolla, contained anthocyanins, which give the trichomes dark carmine colour. In turn, the colour of the heads was dependent on trichome age: the heads were brown in older trichomes and yellow in younger hairs. Secretion was produced by both young and older trichomes. It penetrated

AS ESTRATÉGIAS UTILIZADAS NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM: CONCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS E PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS

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Sady Mazzioni

2013-06-01

Full Text Available As diretrizes curriculares nacionais propõem ao curso de Ciências Contábeis uma formação que contemple os aspectos específicos da atuação do futuro profissional, mas recomenda também a inclusão de discussões que permitam a consciência cidadã e o enfrentamento dos problemas sociais. A construção das habilidades e competências designadas no perfil do egresso desejado se dá, em certa medida, no uso de estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem condizentes. O uso de formas e procedimentos de ensino deve considerar que o modo pelo qual o aluno aprende não é um ato isolado, escolhido ao acaso, sem análise dos conteúdos trabalhados, sem considerar as habilidades necessárias para a execução e dos objetivos a serem alcançados. O objetivo central da pesquisa é compreender as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem mais significativas a partir das perspectivas dos alunos com aquelas utilizadas pelos professores do curso de graduação em Ciências Contábeis. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados caracterizam o estudo quanto aos objetivos como pesquisa descritiva; quanto aos procedimentos, pesquisa de levantamento; quanto à abordagem do problema, a pesquisa apresenta aspectos de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada com o uso de questionários com perguntas abertas e fechadas, direcionadas a docentes e discentes do curso de graduação em Ciências Contábeis. Os resultados apontam para uma convergência de estratégias preferidas pelos universitários pesquisados com aquelas utilizadas pelos docentes.

Indicadores de sustentabilidade para conservação genética de Erythrina velutina Willd., em área de mata ciliar

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Danilla Cristina Lemos Souza

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Um dos grandes desafios para o sistema agropecuário é estabelecer a produção agrícola aliada à conservação dos recursos genéticos, principalmente visando à proteção de Áreas de Preservação Permanente. Nesse contexto, mulungu (Erythrina velutina Willd, entre outras espécies nativas, vem sofrendo com as pressões antrópicas nos mais diversos ecossistemas, o que causa reduções em sua base genética. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de utilizar parâmetros ecológicos e genéticos populacionais como indicadores de sustentabilidade em duas populações naturais de mulungu, situadas em áreas de floresta ciliar, no Estado de Sergipe, bem como avaliar a tendência à sustentabilidade delas, visando à conservação genética da espécie. Utilizou-se a matriz de Pressão-Estado-Impacto/Efeito-Resposta (PEI/ER com a seleção de 13 indicadores, a partir do uso de marcadores moleculares RAPD e bioquímicos (enzimas nas populações, de modo a apresentá-los como informações relevantes para medir o progresso quanto à sustentabilidade e conservação de mulungu. As populações estudadas apresentaram baixa tendência à sustentabilidade, necessitando de estratégias para mudança desse status.

Establecimiento in vitro y cultivo de células de la uña de gato (Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. D.C.

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Silvana Alvarenga Venutolo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available La Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. D.C., (uñade gato es una liana del bosque tropical,que se distribuye en forma natural en lazona Atlántica de Costa Rica, a alturasmenores de 600 msnm. La infusión dela corteza de la raíz forma parte delacervo de la medicina tradicional deCosta Rica para aliviar diversas dolencias,como son: la gastritis, la artritis; además,funciona como fortificante del sistemainmunológico y, recientemente, para tratarel cáncer y el VIH.El cultivo in vitro sedesarrolló como una herramienta para lamicropropagación de plantas en la zonade Guápiles (Pococí, como estrategiade conservación para la explotacióncomercial sostenible de la especie. En esteartículo se describen los protocolos para elestablecimiento y la micropropagación apartir de microestacas, en un medio M & S(1962 con 2 mg/L de BA, 3% de sacarosay 7 g/L de agar; así como la germinaciónin vitro en el mismo medio M & S (1962semi sólido (1,8 g/L de Phyta-Gel.Se probó el cultivo en medio líquido, en jarrasfermentadoras y en sistemas de inmersióntemporal automatizado (RITA®, y fueefectivo el método de inmersión cada treshoras, durante tres minutos. Se describe elproceso de aclimatación, el crecimiento ydesarrollo de las vitroplantas.

Avaliação da qualidade de águas purificadas utilizadas em farmácias de manipulação

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Nathalia Vieira dos Santos

2014-08-01

Full Text Available A RDC n° 67 de 2007, que revogou a RDC nº 33 de 2000, regulamentou análises mensais que avaliam parâmetros microbiológicos e físico-químicos em águas purificadas utilizadas em preparações magistrais, antes não especificados pela RDC n° 33 de 2000. Diante dessas alterações, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de águas utilizadas em farmácias de manipulação em Araraquara e região e verificar o impacto da legislação mais recente (RDC nº 67 de 2007 nessa qualidade. Foram analisadas 744 amostras de água purificada em 30 farmácias no decorrer de quatro anos (2008 a 2011. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: presença de coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes/E.coli, pH, cor, turbidez, sólidos totais dissolvidos, fluoreto e cloro residual livre. Os métodos utilizados seguiram padrões de farmacopeias, da FUNASA e da APHA. Dentre as amostras analisadas 78,90% estavam em conformidade com os padrões estabelecidos. Não foram encontradas amostras irregulares quanto aos parâmetros cor e coliformes termotolerantes/E. coli. No entanto, 0,54%, 7,80%, 10,75%, 0,54% e 4,56% das amostras estavam irregulares para turbidez, fluoretos, pH, cloro residual livre e coliformes totais, respectivamente. Foi observada uma variação do número de amostras irregulares ao compararmos os anos de 2008 e 2009 (20,26% e 26,71% respectivamente com os anos de 2010 e 2011 (18,33% e 19,91% respectivamente. Quatro anos após a RDC n° 67 de 2007, as farmácias de manipulação ainda estão se adequando às normas e é importante que a ANVISA e outros órgãos continuem a fiscalização para garantir a qualidade da água purificada.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant responses to increasing concentrations of trivalent chromium in the Andean crop species Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Scoccianti, Valeria; Bucchini, Anahi E; Iacobucci, Marta; Ruiz, Karina B; Biondi, Stefania

2016-11-01

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), an ancient Andean seed crop, exhibits exceptional nutritional properties and resistance to abiotic stress. The species' tolerance to heavy metals has, however, not yet been investigated nor its ability to take up and translocate chromium (Cr). This study aimed to investigate the metabolic adjustments occurring upon exposure of quinoa to several concentrations (0.01-5mM) of CrCl3. Young hydroponically grown plants were used to evaluate Cr uptake, growth, oxidative stress, and other biochemical parameters three and/or seven days after treatment. Leaves accumulated the lowest amounts of Cr, while roots and stems accumulated the most at low and at high metal concentrations, respectively. Fresh weight and photosynthetic pigments were reduced only by the higher Cr(III) doses. Substantially increased lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, and proline levels were observed only with 5mM Cr(III). Except for a significant decrease at day 7 with 5mM Cr(III), total polyphenols and flavonoids maintained control levels in Cr(III)-treated plants, whereas antioxidant activity increased in a dose-dependent manner. Maximum polyamine accumulation was observed in 1mM CrCl3-treated plants. Even though α- and γ-tocopherols also showed enhanced levels only with the 1mM concentration, tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT, EC 2.6.1.5) activity increased under Cr(III) treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Taken together, results suggest that polyamines, tocopherols, and TAT activity could contribute to tolerance to 1mM Cr(III), but not to the highest concentration that, instead, generated oxidative stress. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Antioxidant capacity, phenolic and vitamin C contents of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. as affected by sprouting and storage conditions

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Maura N. Laus

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Antioxidant capacity (AC of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. cv. Real seeds and sprouts obtained after 4 days of seed germination at 20°C and 70% humidity was evaluated using trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC assays, able to highlight reducing activity and peroxyl radical scavenging capacity, respectively; phenolic content (PC was also measured. Both TEAC and ORAC assays revealed a significantly higher (about 2- and 2.8-fold, respectively AC of 4-day-old sprouts compared to seeds; consistently, also PC values of sprouts resulted about 2.6 times higher than seeds. In order to investigate the influence of storage on AC and PC, as well as on vitamin C content (VCC, 4-day-old sprouts were subjected for 7 days at 5°C to three different conditions of controlled atmosphere storage (CAS compared with air. Interestingly, whatever the CAS conditions, storage of quinoa sprouts up to 7 days induced an increase of AC evaluated in terms of reducing activity by TEAC assay. Consistently, an increase of PC and VCC was measured during storage, positively correlated to TEAC values. Moreover, a decrease of peroxyl radical scavenging activity, measured by ORAC, was observed after 7 days of storage, in accordance with a shift of AC towards the reducing activity component. Overall, these findings indicate that sprouting approach using quinoa may provide highly antioxidant-enriched seedlings that may improve nutritional quality of diet or of functional foods. Interestingly, antioxidant properties of quinoa sprouts may be deeply influenced by storage, able to increase reducing activity by increasing phenols and vitamin C.

Selection of mutants of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in the generation M{sub 2}, quantification of saponins on the Islunga and Barandales varieties adapted to the Toluca Valley; Seleccion de mutantes de Chenopodium quinoa Willd. en la generacion M{sub 2}, cuantificacion de saponinas en las variedades Isluga y Barandales adaptadas al Valle de Toluca

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernandez V, S O

1997-12-31

The saponins and total lipids was measured in the variants of Barandales and Isluga of Chenopodium quinoa Willd and the mutants of both variants in the M{sub 2} lineage. These two variants were gamma radiated at different levels: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 500 Gy in the M1 generation. At the same time the mutants with favorable agronomic characteristics were selected. The samples were growth on the field (cultivated) and the seeds were recovered (harvested), measuring the emergence agronomic variables, plant height, density and seed yield. Lipids totals and saponins were measured in the seeds. The samples of radiated seeds with gamma-ray at different levels, were dried and grinded until to obtain a powder. The lipids was extracted with diethyl-ether, and in this solution was measured the total lipid content. The saponins were extracted in a later step, concentrated and precipitated. After the precipitation step the sapogenins were hydrolized and extracted with methyl alcohol. The extracts were centifugated and the solid material was dried and weighted. Finally, the measurement of the oleanolic acid was carried out by high pressure liquid chromatography. One conversion factor permits to relate this acid with the total saponin content. (Author).

Asociaciones entre rendimiento en comprensión de textos y estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas por docentes

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Lorena Canet Juric

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido explorar las asociaciones entre el rendimiento en comprensión lectora y distintas estrategias docentes utilizadas con alumnos de segundo y tercer grado de Educación Primaria Básica (EPB de la Ciudad de Mar del Plata (Argentina. El supuesto de este estudio afirma que existe una asociación entre el rendimiento en comprensión lectora y las estrategias pedagógicas docentes. Se aplicó una adaptación del PROLEC para evaluar el rendimiento en lectura y un cuestionario construido para explorar las estrategias docentes. Los instrumentos fueron administrados a una muestra aleatoria de alumnos de 2º y 3º año de 10 escuelas municipales (n=258 y a sus respectivos docentes (n=64. Los resultados permitieron aportar evidencia empírica sobre la ausencia de asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre ambas variables, lo que permite suponer que la lectoescritura es un fenómeno complejo que depende de numerosos factores como las diferencias cognitivas individuales, el contexto alfabetizador, etc.

Plantas dendroenergéticas utilizadas por una comunidad indígena Piapoco en Guainía, Colombia

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Angela Landínez

2006-10-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo contiene aspectos botánicos y etnobotánicos de las especies dendroenergéticas, utilizadas por los indígenas Piapoco de Laguna Colorada en Guainía, Colombia. Se estudia su patrón de uso y las formas de manejo, en relación con las características ecológicas, socio económicas y culturales de la región. Se de muestra que el uso de la leña con lleva aprendizaje, preparación y administración, es decir, un manejo del recurso. Existe un conocimiento muy preciso y complejo de las especies, sus propiedades y características durante el proceso de combustión, lo cual lleva implícito un concepto empírico de calidad de la leña. Además, se establece que este importante conocimiento se continúa transmitiendo de generación en generación dentro de esta comunidad indígena.

Estudo comparativo da madeira de Mimosa ophthalmocentra Mart. ex Benth e Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir. (Fabaceae-Mimosoideae na caatinga nordestina Comparative study of Mimosa ophthalmocentra Mart. ex Benth and Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir. (Fabaceae-Mimosoideae wood in the caatinga of Northeast Brazil

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Lazaro Benedito da Silva

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Pela importância econômica da madeira de algumas espécies do gênero Mimosa L. ocorrentes na caatinga nordestina e pelo fato de Mimosa ophthalmocentra Mart. ex Benth. (jurema-de-imbira, às vezes, ser confundida com Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir. (jurema-preta ou vice-versa, este trabalho objetivou apresentar novos dados referentes à anatomia e densidade básica da madeira das duas espécies, visando oferecer subsídio para identificação das duas espécies, identificar caracteres anatômicos da madeira relacionando-os com o ambiente caatinga e apresentar o potencial energético que sua madeira possui. O estudo anatômico e a determinação da densidade da madeira foram realizados com amostras ao nível do peito (1,30 m acima do solo e em dois galhos com diferentes diâmetros, de espécimes ocorrentes nos municípios de Serra Talhada e Sertânia, Pernambuco, Brasil. As espécies apresentam distinção expressa através do tipo de casca, coloração do cerne e do alburno, além das características peculiares da madeira. Mimosa ophthalmocentra apresenta camadas de crescimento distintas, constituídas por linhas de parênquima axial contendo cristais, parênquima axial escasso e menor quantidade de raios por mm². Já Mimosa tenuiflora apresenta camadas de crescimento distintas, porém sem cristais, parênquima axial vasicêntrico, em faixas ou aliforme confluente, e maior percentagem de raios. Ambas apresentam algumas estruturas da madeira com as características anatômicas comuns às diversas espécies do gênero Mimosa, contribuindo assim para uma melhor caracterização do gênero. Pelos parâmetros anatômicos da madeira e pela elevada densidade básica (>0,84 g/cm³, concluiu-se que as duas espécies apresentam perspectivas seguras para a produção de álcool combustível e carvão vegetal desde a fase de lenho juvenil. Mimosa ophthalmocentra apresenta maior potencial energético, pela maior percentagem de fibras e por possuir par

Fate of 15N-labelled urea as affected by organic amendments and oils applied to rice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, G.R.; Singh, T.A.

1987-01-01

The present study was undertaken to explore the possibility of using 2 organic compounds (p-benzoquinone and catechol), 2 oils (neem oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and linseed oil (Linum usitatissimum Linn.) oil) and 3 polyphenolic plant residues, viz. catechu (Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd.), babul acacia (Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. ex Del. sub.indica (Benth.) Brenan, syn. A. arabica (Lamk.) Willd.) and yellow myrobalan (Terminalia chebula Retz.) when applied with 15 N-tagged urea to observe their effectiveness in decreasing N losses. (author). 8 refs

Plantas medicinais utilizadas por idosos com diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus no tratamento dos sintomas da doença Medicinal plants used by elderly people with Diabetes mellitus in the treatment of the disease symptoms

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A.M. Feijó

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as plantas medicinais utilizadas por idosos assistidos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Pelotas-RS, com diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus, como terapia complementar no tratamento dos sintomas da doença. Caracterizou-se por pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em julho de 2009, no município de Pelotas-RS. Foram entrevistados 18 idosos com idade entre 60 e 77 anos, sendo 14 do sexo feminino. Os participantes citaram 20 plantas medicinais utilizadas como terapia complementar no tratamento do Diabetes mellitus. Entre estas, as mais citadas utilizadas para diminuir os níveis de glicose no sangue foram Sphagneticola trilobata, Bauhinia spp. e Syzygium cumini, sendo que para as duas últimas há comprovação científica do efeito hipoglicemiante. A infusão foi a forma de preparo predominante. Considera-se importante a realização de estudos farmacológicos que investiguem os efeitos das plantas utilizadas pela população, a fim de que o uso proporcione os benefícios desejados e não cause danos à saúde.This study aimed to investigate medicinal plants used as complementary therapy by the elderly with diabetes mellitus, assisted by a Health Basic Unit in Pelotas (RS, Brazil. This qualitative research was conducted in July 2009. Eighteen 60 to 77 years old elderly (14 of them female were interviewed. The participants identified 20 medicinal plants used as complementary therapies in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Among these, the most used ones to reduce the levels of glucose in the blood were Sphagneticola trilobata, Bauhinia spp. and Syzygium cumini. For the last two plants, there are scientific proofs of hypoglycemic effects. The infusion was the predominant form of preparation. Studies to investigate the pharmacological effects of plants used by the population have become very important, for providing scientific information on their possible health benefits and side effects.

Petrografía, propiedades físicas y durabilidad de algunas rocas utilizadas en el patrimonio monumental de Catalunya, España

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Esbert, Rosa M.

1989-06-01

Full Text Available The petrographical description and the values of some physical properties of three rocks used in the architectonic patrimony of Catalunya are presented. These rocks are known, in the field of the "building stones" as Girona, Folgueroles and Vinaixa stones. By ageing tests, their durability is predicted.

Se realiza la descripción petrográfica y se determina una serie de propiedades físicas de algunas rocas utilizadas en el patrimonio arquitectónico de Catalunya conocidas, en el ámbito de las "rocas de construcción", con los nombres de piedras de Girona, Folgueroles y Vinaixa. Mediante ensayos de envejecimiento artificial acelerado, se hacen predicciones sobre la durabilidad de las mismas.

Assessment of six tapping systems for four Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.-Arg.,clones in the Colombian High Plains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quesada Mendez, Isaac; Aristizabal Gutierrez, Fabio Ancizar; Chaves Cordoba, Bernardo

2009-01-01

The rubber yield of four Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.-Arg. clones was evaluated on the Colombian high plains in the Meta department: IAN 873 and RRIM 600 (third year of tapping being done) and PB 260 and GT 1 (first year of tapping). Six tapping systems were used, including a combination of different tapping frequencies (d/4 and d/5), Ethephon concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 3.3% and 5%) and a number of applications per year (4 to 8) were also used depending on the clone. The production figures for one commercial year were obtained from assays, using a completely random- block design (having four repetitions) independently defined for each clone: having on average 4446 g rubber/tree of produce per year for the RRIM 600 clone within a system 1/2S, d/4, 6d/7, 10m/12, ET 2.5%, Pa 7/y; 2696 g rubber/tree for the PB 260 clone with 1/2S, d/4, 6d/7, 10m/12, ET 2.5%, Pa 5/y; 3822 g rubber/tree for the IAN 873 clone, 1/2S, d/4, 6d/7, 10m/12, ET 3.3%, Pa 8/y, and 3472 g rubber/ tree for the GT 1 clone, 1/2S, d/4, 6d/7, 10m/12, ET 2.5%, Pa 5/y. The highest produce was obtained with a four-day tapping frequency.

Transpiration of montane Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. forest stands measured with sap flow sensors in NE Spain

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R. Poyatos

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Stand transpiration was measured during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons using heat dissipation sap flow sensors in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L. and a pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd. forests located in a montane area of the Eastern Pyrenees (NE Spain. The first aim of the study was to assess the differences in quantitative estimates of transpiration (Ec and the response to evaporative demand of the two stands. Over the studied period of 2003, characterised by a severe drought episode during the summer, the oak stand (Ec was only 110 mm compared to the 239 mm transpired by the Scots pine stand, although the ratio of transpiration to reference evapotranspiration (Ec/ET0 in the oak stand compares well with the expected values predicted for low leaf area index (LAI oak forests in southern Europe. Scots pine showed a strong reduction in (Ec/ET0 as the drought developed, whereas pubescent oak was less affected by soil moisture deficits in the upper soil. As a second objective, and given the contrasting meteorological conditions between 2003 and 2004 summer periods, the interannual variability of transpiration was studied in the Scots pine plot. Rainfall during the summer months (June-September in 2003 was almost 40% less than in the same interval in 2004. Accordingly, transpiration was also reduced about 25% in 2003. Finally, Scots pine data from 2003 and 2004 was used to calibrate a simple transpiration model using ET0 and soil moisture deficit (SMD as input variables, and implicitly including stomatal responses to high vapour pressure deficits (Dd and soil water status.

Selection of mutants of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in the generation M2, quantification of saponins on the Islunga and Barandales varieties adapted to the Toluca Valley

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandez V, S.O.

1996-01-01

The saponins and total lipids was measured in the variants of Barandales and Isluga of Chenopodium quinoa Willd and the mutants of both variants in the M 2 lineage. These two variants were gamma radiated at different levels: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 500 Gy in the M1 generation. At the same time the mutants with favorable agronomic characteristics were selected. The samples were growth on the field (cultivated) and the seeds were recovered (harvested), measuring the emergence agronomic variables, plant height, density and seed yield. Lipids totals and saponins were measured in the seeds. The samples of radiated seeds with gamma-ray at different levels, were dried and grinded until to obtain a powder. The lipids was extracted with diethyl-ether, and in this solution was measured the total lipid content. The saponins were extracted in a later step, concentrated and precipitated. After the precipitation step the sapogenins were hydrolized and extracted with methyl alcohol. The extracts were centifugated and the solid material was dried and weighted. Finally, the measurement of the oleanolic acid was carried out by high pressure liquid chromatography. One conversion factor permits to relate this acid with the total saponin content. (Author)

Botánica médica Guahibo. Plantas medicinales, mágicas y psicotrópicas utilizadas por los Sikuani y Cuiba (Llanos orientales de Colombia Botánica médica Guahibo. Plantas medicinales, mágicas y psicotrópicas utilizadas por los Sikuani y Cuiba (Llanos orientales de Colombia

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Ortiz Gómez Francisco

1989-09-01

Full Text Available This work deals with the inventory and description of the medical, magical and psicothropic plants used by the Sikuani and Cuiba indians of the Colombian and Venezuelan Llanos. The names in the indian languages were registered along with a translation and a brief description of uses and applications. Se presenta un inventario y descripción de usos de las plantas medicinales, mágicas y psicotrópicas utilizadas por los indígenas Sikuani y Cuiba de los Llanos de Colombia y Venezuela. Se anotan los nombres en lengua, su traducción y una breve descripción de su uso y aplicaciones.

2068-IJBCS-Article-Saidou Ousseina

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

que Schoenefeldia gracilis Kunth., Aristida mutabilis Trin. et Rupr., Dactyloctenium aegyptiaca (L.) Willd., Tribulus terrestris L. (Ousseina, 2012) parsemée de plantes ligneuses (Maerua crassifolia. Forsk.,. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del., Acacia senegal (L.) Willd., Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne subsp. raddiana (Savi) Brenan,.

Relação família-escola: práticas educativas utilizadas por pais e professores

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Luiza Maria de Oliveira Braga Silveira

Full Text Available Este estudo analisa as continuidades e descontinuidades na relação família-escola frente aos problemas de comportamento da criança, investigando a utilização e as percepções sobre as práticas educativas de pais e professores em ambos os contextos, bem como a existência de ações conjuntas. Participaram do estudo 4 progenitores e 4 professoras de escolas privadas de Porto Alegre, respondendo, cada um deles, a duas entrevistas cujos dados sofreram análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram heterogeneidade das práticas educativas parentais e diferentes níveis de conhecimento entre os participantes acerca das práticas utilizadas, revelando fronteiras rígidas entre a família e a escola. Identificou-se a supremacia do saber das professoras sobre os pais, reforçada pelo fato das atitudes conjuntas enfocarem o caráter curativo e orientador da escola sobre a família. A discussão dos dados propõe alternativas para uma intervenção conjunta família-escola frente aos problemas de comportamento das crianças.

Aprovechamiento de semillas de Dipteryx odorata (Aublet. Willd. (Shihuahuaco como producto alimenticio

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Aparicio Limache Alonzo

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Considerando la necesidad de contribuir a la diversificación de insumos alimenticios mediante el aprovechamiento masivo de las partes no maderables de las especies forestales tropicales con énfasis en la región Ucayali - Perú, se exploró la posibilidad de utilizar a las semillas o almendras del Dipteryx odorata como producto alimenticio de consumo humano. Para ello, se sometió a un análisis nutricional, determinación de contenido de minerales y se complementó con una investigación bibliográfica para identificar los antecedentes de uso y exigencias que implica su conversión en un bionegocio. Así, se determinaron la materia seca, extracto etéreo, fibra cruda y proteína cruda en 88,89 %, 19 %, 16,75 % y 1,51 % respectivamente. Al cuantificar los oligoelementos como el zinc, hierro, cobre, sodio, plomo, magnesio se encontraron valores de 39,29; 25,86; 12,36; 4,79; 3,04; 1,31 ppm respectivamente. La investigación bibliográfica, demostró que en áreas rurales dichas almendras son utilizadas en la dieta alimenticia de la población. En Europa, son consideradas gourmet básico para la coctelería e ideal para repostería exótica. Se concluye indicando que por su contenido nutricional y de minerales las almendras de shihuahuaco en cantidades pequeñas, son aptas para consumo humano. Como limitante para su aprovechamiento en bionegocio, es el contenido de plomo que requiere desarrollo de estudios previos para neutralizar su efecto nocivo que genera problemas gastrointestinales por exceso de consumo.

Evolução da Posição do Corpo Utilizada em Paralelas Assimétricas - Influência dos Elementos “in bar”.

OpenAIRE

Ferreirinha, José; Silva, António José; Marques, António

2008-01-01

As diversas e contínuas alterações na estrutura do aparelho e no Código de Pontuação (CP) têm levado a uma tendência para uma maior utilização da postura alongada do corpo em Paralelas Assimétricas (PA). Com este estudo procurou-se observar a influência da execução obrigatória de elementos “in bar” na posição do corpo utilizada em exercícios de competição de PA. Recorrendo às técnicas da metodologia observacional, foram elaboradas e validadas duas categorias de observação constitu...

Relación entre funcionalidad familiar y las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por adolescentes embarazadas

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Gloria Esperanza Zambrano Plata

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: determinar la relación que existe entre la funcionalidad familiar y las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las adolescentes embarazadas usuarias de tres Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud (IPS pertenecientes a la Empresa Social del Estado Imsalud en el primer semestre de 2011. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo correlacional y probabilístico, la muestra conformada por 150 adolescentes inscritas en el Programa de Atención a la Adolescente Gestante. Resultados: se destacó que la mayoría de adolescentes embarazadas se encontraban en el rango de edad de 17-19 años con un promedio de 18 años, la menarquía se presentó principalmente a edades tempranas cuando las adolescentes tenían 12 años; y la edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales fue a los 16 años. En el sistema familiar de las adolescentes embarazadas se encontró que un gran porcentaje del total de participantes, tienen un sistema familiar disfuncional (54% y en menor medida tienen sistema familiar funcional correspondiente al 46%. Conclusiones: respecto a la funcionalidad familiar y las estrategias de afrontamiento se encontró asociación directa y positiva entre estas variables demostrándose que a mayor nivel de funcionalidad familiar se utilizaran estrategias más productivas y viceversa.

Chemical composition, larvicidal, and biting deterrent activity of essential oils of two subspecies of Tanacetum argenteum (Asterales: Asteraceae) and individual constituents against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Water distilled essential oils from the air dried aerial parts of Tanacetum argenteum (Lam.) Willd. subsp. argenteum (Lam.) and T. argenteum (Lam.) Willd. subsp. canum (C. Koch) Grierson were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-seven and 3...

Sobre la noción de continuidad puntual: un estudio de las formas discursivas utilizadas por estudiantes universitarios en contextos de geometría dinámica

OpenAIRE

Aparicio, Eddie; Cantoral, Ricardo

2004-01-01

En este trabajo se aborda un problema de enseñanza ligado al aprendizaje de conceptos básicos del análisis matemático clásico, particularmente nos ocupamos del concepto de continuidad puntual de una función real de variable real que es enseñado al nivel universitario. Se analizan algunas de las formas discursivas y acciones gestuales utilizadas por los estudiantes cuando estos discurren sobre la noción de continuidad puntual. Para ello, nos valimos de un diseño experimental basado en la aprox...

Abreviaciones utilizadas

OpenAIRE

2015-01-01

AAP: Archivo Arzobispal de Piura. AAT: Archivo Arzobispal de Trujillo ACM: Archivo de la Comunidad de Mórrope. ACMS: Archivo Castillo Muro Sime. A.D.Cj.: Archivo Departamental de Cajamarca. A.D.H.: Archivo Departamental de Huánuco. A.D.L.: Archivo Departamental de Lambayeque. AD.L.L.: Archivo Departamental de La Libertad. A.D.P.: Archivo Departamental de Piura. A.D.T.: Archivo Departamental de Trujillo (La Libertad). A.E.Cj.: Archivo Episcopal de Cajamarca. AFA: Archivo del Fuero Agrario. AFS...

Avaliação das propriedades mecânicas de atadura gessada de três diferentes fabricantes, utilizada para confecção de órteses

OpenAIRE

Vieira,Gustavo Cardoso; Fonseca,Marisa de Cássia Registro; Shimano,Antônio Carlos; Mazzer,Nilton; Barbieri,Cláudio Henrique; Elui,Valéria Carril Meirelles

2006-01-01

Foram realizados testes mecânicos com atadura gessada de três diferentes fabricantes, utilizada para confecção de órteses. Para isso, foram confeccionados corpos de provas (CDPs) na forma de placas e de cilindros. Os CDPs foram submetidos a dois tipos de ensaios mecânicos: para o grupo das placas foi realizado ensaio de flexão em três pontos e para o grupo dos cilindros, ensaio de compressão. Os ensaios mecânicos foram realizados na Máquina Universal de Ensaios EMIC®. Três propriedades mecâni...

Bolsas coletoras utilizadas por portadores de estoma: uma análise tridimensional

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Jessica Andressa Collet

2016-08-01

Full Text Available No processo de cura de muitas doenças do intestino, diversas vezes, um procedimento cirúrgico conhecido por estomia é o único meio encontrado para manter o paciente em vida. Este procedimento se dá através da criação de uma abertura artificial no organismo, por onde acontece a saída das eliminações naturais do corpo, o levando, por este motivo, a utilizar uma bolsa externa para a coleta dos resíduos. O uso dessa bolsa coletora, para o estomizado, engloba uma série de questões físicas e psicológicas, que vão desde simples cuidados com o estoma até mesmo a incapacidade de retornar à vida social. A falta de informação e a utilização de dispositivos coletores de má qualidade expõem o estomizado a desconfortos, consistindo em causas frequentes para o seu isolamento. Sendo assim, o presente estudo consiste em apresentar a análise de bolsas coletoras, visando a verificação de aspectos (positivos ou negativos do aparelho. Para alcançar o objetivo, além da revisão teórica acerca do indivíduo estomizado e da bolsa coletora, foi utilizada a tecnologia da digitalização tridimensional por fotogrametria para que se pudesse obter uma maior realidade na análise das bolsas coletoras, uma vez que apenas imageticamente não se teria a verificação da realidade do estomizado. O uso da referida tecnologia possibilitou a análise de duas bolsas coletoras, fotografadas com volumes e poses variadas, cujos resultados permitiram a compreensão e comparação acerca do seu aspecto visual, segurança e discrição, onde se percebeu que a utilização desses produtos poderia auxiliar o estomizado no processo pós-cirúrgico e contribuir numa melhora na qualidade de vida. Esta pesquisa disponibiliza resultados que podem ser utilizados pela indústria e pela academia, instigando a possibilidade de trabalho com um nicho que carece de projetos de design.

Caracterização farmacobotânica das espécies de Sambucus (Caprifoliaceae utilizadas como medicinais no Brasil: Parte II. Sambucus australis Cham. & Schltdl.

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Eliana Nunes

Full Text Available Sambucus australis Cham. & Schltdl. (sabugueiro-do-rio-grande, Caprifoliaceae é uma planta medicinal descrita apenas na primeira edição da Farmacopéia Brasileira. A espécie é nativa no Brasil, e suas flores são utilizadas na medicina popular, na forma de infusão ou decocção, como diuréticas, antipiréticas, antiinflamatórias, laxativo leve e no tratamento de doenças do aparelho respiratório. Visando elaborar uma monografia farmacopéica atualizada e comparativa com a de Sambucus nigra L., de origem européia, foram estabelecidos os caracteres botânicos macro e microscópicos, através da metodologia clássica utilizada em morfoanatomia vegetal. São características macroscópicas: flores morfologicamente monoclinas; corola de sete a dez milímetros de diâmetro; pétalas com cinco, raro quatro nervuras paralelas; estames curtos e longos; gineceu em regra com cinco lóculos. São características microscópicas: cutícula espessa e estriada; ausência de idioblastos de areia cristalina de oxalato de cálcio; estômatos anomocíticos; brácteas anfiestomáticas; sépalas hipoestomáticas; pétalas anfi-hipoestomáticas; células epidérmicas da face abaxial de sépalas e pétalas retilíneas a sinuosas; células epidérmicas do filete alongadas e de paredes retilíneas; tricomas tectores e glandulares de diferentes tipos; brácteas, sépalas e pétalas com mesofilo homogêneo; sistema vascular representado por feixes colaterais ou agrupamentos de elementos xilemáticos; presença de gotas lipídicas em todas as peças.

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Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

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Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth. (Syn. C.dentata (Willd.) Roemer) – Black Currant. Grape Lime of the family Rutaceae is a small aromatic evergreen tree. Leaves are odd-pinnate with elliptic-ovate and oblique leaflets. Inflorescence is a raceme and flowers are greenish-white, and. 4-merous. Fruit is an ovoid small ...

Fuentes de financiamiento utilizadas por las empresas productoras de derivados lácteos del estado Zulia

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Mariby Boscán

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente, las empresas están viviendo transformaciones en muchos aspectos, para lo cual requieren la obtención de recursos financieros. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar las fuentes de financiamiento públicas y privadas utilizadas por las empresas productoras de derivados lácteos del estado Zulia. Con esta finalidad, se realizó una investigación descriptiva y de campo, para lo cual se diseñó una entrevista aplicada a ocho gerentes. Entre los resultados destacan: Un 75% de los entrevistados, utilizan principalmente el crédito otorgado por FONCREI, como fuente pública, debido a que valoran fundamentalmente la tasa de interés; considerando además, que el acceso a este tipo de fuente es complicado (62,5%, y el tiempo de respuesta lento (87,5%. Como fuente de origen privado, figura el crédito con proveedores (62,5% siendo en este caso, el plazo otorgado por éstos el factor determinante; la mayoría de los empresarios estiman que el acceso a esta fuente es adecuado, los requisitos exagerados y el tiempo de respuesta adecuado. Se concluyó que el factor más importante en la decisión de solicitar el crédito público es la tasa de interés mientras que en las fuentes privadas, el plazo y monto del crédito son los factores más relevantes.

Consideraciones y recomendaciones prácticas para mejorar la calidad de la madera seca de Acacia mangium Willd

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Carolina Tenorio Monge

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Acacia mangium, es actualmente, una de las especies más utilizadas en plantaciones comerciales en Costa Rica. Sin embargo, los usos de su madera han sido restringidos debido a que presenta algunos problemas durante el proceso de secado artificial, entre los que destaca la alta variabilidad del contenido de humedad final, la alta incidencia de defectos y la presencia de bolsas de humedad. Se han investigado las causas de esta variación y del desarrollo de estos defectos y se ha encontrado que los principales factores que influyen son: la alta variabilidad en el contenido de humedad inicial de la madera, la procedencia de la materia prima, la altura, la posición radial de la tabla al extraerla del árbol y el uso de programas de secado inadecuados para la especie. Asímismo se dan una serie de recomendaciones a considerar antes de iniciar el secado artificial con el fin de lograr una mejor calidad de madera en cuanto a la variabilidad del secado y lapresencia de defectos.

Desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng. Schum. sob influência de sombreamento Initial development of Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng. Schum. saplings under shading influence

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Rubens Ribeiro da Silva

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento inicial de plântulas de Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng. Schum. (cupuaçu, em função de diferentes níveis de sombreamento. Ao final de 50 dias, após a emergência, as plântulas de cupuaçu foram submetidas a três níveis de sombreamento, sendo: 0% de sombreamento, 50% de sombreamento e Sombra Natural. O crescimento das mudas foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 15 repetições, sendo cada planta considerada como uma repetição. Foram avaliados a altura, o diâmetro e o número de folhas aos 60, 82, 103, 124, 145 dias após a emergência das plântulas. A Massa Seca de Folhas (MSF, Massa Seca do Caule (MSC, Massa Seca da Raiz (MSR e Massa Seca Total (MST, Relação parte aérea/raiz (PA/R e relação Altura da planta/Diâmetro do colo (A/D, foram avaliadas no final do experimento. O crescimento inicial de Theobroma grandiflorum foi corroborado com os padrões da espécie, que ocorre no interior das matas primárias, tendo melhor desenvolvimento dos parâmetros avaliados em condições de 50% de sombreamento. A condição de 50% de sombreamento pode ser recomendada para a formação de mudas de Theobroma grandiflorum, devido o seu melhor desempenho em altura, diâmetro, número de folhas e alocação de massa nas partes da planta.The objective of this work was to evaluate the initial growth of sapling of Theobroma grandiflorum (cupuaçú, in function of different levels of solar radiation. Fifty days, after the emergency, the saplings were submitted to three levels of shade, being: 0%, 50% and natural shade. Sapling development was carried out in randomized block design with 15 repetitions (15 saplings. The sapling height, lap diameter and the numbers of leaves being evaluated on the 60st, 82nd, 103rd, 124th, 145 days after sapling emergence. The Dry Mass of the leaves (DML, Dry Mass of the stem (DMS, Dry Mass of the root (DMR and Dry

Drought impact on Quercus pubescens Willd. isoprene emissions over the Mediterranean area: what future?

Science.gov (United States)

Cyrielle Genard-Zielinski, Anne; Boissard, Christophe; Ormeño, Elena; Lathière, Juliette; Guenet, Bertrand; Gauquelin, Thierry; Fernandez, Catherine

2015-04-01

Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) released by plants mostly originate from their secondary metabolism. Their emissions are modulated, in terms of intensity and molecule diversity, by environmental conditions. Among BVOCs, isoprene has been especially studied due to its high emission fluxes and its contribution to tropospheric photochemistry, both in the gaseous and particulate phases. However, the way isoprene emissions are impacted by some abiotic factors, especially water stress, is still under debate. In a world facing climatic changes, global climate models expect air temperature and drought intensity to strengthen in the Mediterranean area by 2100. Our work focuses on the impact of water stress on isoprene emissions (ERiso) from Quercus pubescens Willd. This species covers large areas of the Mediterranean area where it appears to be the main isoprene emitter. An in situ experimentation was performed at the O3HP (Oak Observatory at OHP, southern France) in a pubescent oak forest with trees adapted to long lasting stress periods. We investigated during a whole seasonal cycle (from June 2012 to June 2013) the course of ERiso under both natural water stress (control treatment: C) and intensified water stress (stress treatment: S) by artificially reducing rain by 30% using a specific rain exclusion device. Restricted rain did not modify either the net CO2 assimilation or ERiso during the whole season. However, isoprene emission factors (Is) for trees under S were significantly higher (a factor of ˜ 2) than for trees growing under C in August (137.8 compared to 75.3 μgC.gDM-1.h-1 respectively) and September (75.3 compared to 40.2 μgC.gDM-1.h-1 respectively). Based on our experimental emission database, an appropriate isoprene emission algorithm (GZ2014) was developed using a statistic approach (an artificial neural network). Using ambient and edaphic environmental parameters integrated over up to 3 weeks, GZ2014 was found to represent more than 80% of

Respostas de Acacia mangium Willd e Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel a fungos micorrízicos arbusculares nativos provenientes de áreas degradadas pela mineração de bauxita na Amazônia Responses of Acacia mangium Willd and Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel to native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from remaining areas of bauxite mining in Amazon

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Ney Freitas Marinho

2004-03-01

Full Text Available A resposta de Acacia mangium Willd (mangium e Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel (tachi à inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA, oriundos de áreas em recuperação após a extração de bauxita, foi avaliada em experimento com delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 14 tratamentos (duas espécies leguminosas e sete tipos de solo e três repetições. Avaliou-se o número de esporos no solo, a colonização micorrízica, a matéria seca total, o P acumulado, a dependência micorrízica das mudas, e a abundância e a freqüência de espécies. O número de propágulos infectivos (NPI foi estudado em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com oito diluições de solo inóculo, cinco repetições e uma planta isca (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. Utilizou-se substrato da mistura de um Planossolo mais areia lavada e fosfato de rocha araxá (0,60 g/kg. O número de esporos aumentou em função do tempo de cobertura das leguminosas. A colonização micorrízica foi mais intensa no tachi. Os valores de matéria seca dessa espécie foram inferiores aos de mangium, que por sua vez extraiu em torno de seis vezes mais P do substrato. Em geral, mangium, ao contrário do tachi, foi facultativa à presença dos FMA, sugerindo sua utilização na recuperação de áreas degradadas sem inoculação prévia. Dentre as 39 espécies de FMA identificadas, Glomus macrocarpum Tul. & Tul. apresentou maior índice de abundância e freqüência (IAF e maior NPI, destacando-se entre as espécies pioneiras, ao passo que outras apareceram apenas em estádios sucessionais mais avançados das áreas em recuperação.The responses of Acacia mangium Willd (mangium and Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel (tachi to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF inoculation collected from areas under reclamation after bauxite mining, was evaluated in an completely randomized design distributed in 14 treatments (two legume, species and seven soil types, with three replicates. Evaluated

Levantamento etnobotânico das plantas medicinais utilizadas pela comunidade de Inhamã, Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil

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A.P. Rodrigues

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o conhecimento, uso, obtenção e indicação terapêutica de plantas utilizadas pela comunidade rural de Inhamã, situada no município de Abreu e Lima, PE, Brasil. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 75 moradores. Foram citadas 155 espécies, distribuídas em 112 gêneros e 59 famílias. Conforme a indicação terapêutica, as espécies foram agrupadas em sistemas corporais reconhecidos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e o índice de importância relativa (IR foi calculado para cada espécie. Destacaram-se pelo número de espécies, as famílias: Asteraceae, Fabaceae e Lamiaceae. As doenças mais citadas estiveram relacionadas aos sistemas respiratório e gastrointestinal. Ocimum gratissimum, alfavaca, apresentou o maior valor de IR (2,0, seguido por Lippia alba, erva cidreira (1,6, Mentha villosa, hortelã pequena (1,6 e Musa paradisiaca, banana (1,5, indicadas para tratamento de transtornos dos sistemas respiratório, digestório e nervoso. Apenas 11% das espécies citadas tiveram prescrições médicas. Inhamã diferencia-se de outras comunidades próximas a centros urbanos porque os moradores cultivam a maioria das espécies medicinais que consomem.

MAO-A inhibition profiles of some benzophenone glucosides from Gentiana verna subsp. pontica

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kaya, Duygu; Jäger, Anna; Yalçin, Funda N

2014-01-01

Gentiana verna L. subsp. pontica (Soltok.) Hayek, G. pyrenaica L., and G. verna L. subsp. balcanica Pritchard from Turkey were tested for their MAO-A inhibitory effects. A photometric peroxidase linked MAO-A bioassay performed on the H20 extracts prepared from the methanolic extracts of the title...

Bocadito con alto contenido proteico: un extruido a partir de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd., tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet y camote (Ipomoea batatas L.

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Katherine Pérez Ramos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo la elaboración de un bocadito extruido de elevado tenor proteico, a partir de quinua ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd., tarwi ( Lupinus mutabilis Sweet y fécula de camote ( Ipomoea batatas L.. Para su formulación se aplicó el método de diseño de mezclas usando la herramienta computacional - estadíst ica Design Expert® versión 7.0, siendo las variables independientes las harinas de quinua, tarwi y fécula de camote; y las variables dependientes el contenido de proteína, índice de expansión, densidad aparente y dureza de los extruidos. La formulación ópt ima se determinó aplicando la prueba de deseabilidad basada en los modelos de regresión ajustado, dicha formulación se obtuvo maximizando el contenido de proteína e índice de expansión; y minimizando la dureza y densidad aparente de los extruidos. La formu lación óptima tuvo un porcentaje de quinua, tarwi y fécula de camote de 57%, 26% y 17 % respectivamente. El análisis fisicoquímico de la fórmula óptima dio como resultado 20,16% de proteína, 2,19 de índice de expansión, 0,220 g/cm 3 densidad aparente y 9,31 N de dureza. La calidad proteica de la formulación óptima fue determinada mediante los ensayos de digestibilidad verdadera y valor biológico verdadero en ratas, obteniéndose 83,5% y 62,9% respectivamente.

Notas sobre a composição arbóreo-arbustiva de uma fisionomia das savanas de Roraima, Amazônia Brasileira Notes on the woody composition of a vegetation physionomy of the Roraima's savannas, Brazilian Amazonia

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Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um inventário florístico das espécies arbóreo-arbustivas presentes em uma das unidades de vegetação que compõem a paisagem de savanas do Estado de Roraima, extremo norte da Amazônia brasileira. Esta unidade é caracterizada por ser densamente colonizada por ninhos do cupim Cornitermes ovatus Emerson. Foram observadas 29 espécies (15 famílias botânicas em três localidades utilizadas para a amostragem. O total de espécies, por localidade, variou de 12 a 20. As espécies mais abundantes foram Byrsonima verbascifolia (L. DC. e Mimosa microcephala Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (subarbustivas, Byrsonima cf. intermedia A. Juss. e Randia formosa (Jack. K. Schum. (arbustivas e, Byrsonima crassifolia (L. H.B.K. e Curatella americana L. (arbóreas. Oito espécies são comuns às três localidades. A diversidade medida pelo Índice de Shannon (H' foi baixa para todos os locais amostrados (A floristic inventory of woody species was carried out in one of the vegetation units that compose the savannas landscape of the Roraima State, northernmost of Brazilian Amazonia. This unit is characterized by dense colonization of nests of termites Cornitermes ovatus Emerson. Twenty nine woody species were observed (15 botany families in three localities used for sampling. The total of species varied from 12 to 20 by locality. The most abundant species were Byrsonima verbascifolia (L. DC. and Mimosa microcephala Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (dwarf shrubs, Byrsonima cf. intermedia A. Juss. and Randia formosa (Jack. K. Schum. (shrubby and, Byrsonima crassifolia (L. H.B.K. and Curatella americana L. (arboreal. Eight species are common to all localities. Diversity measured by the Index of Shannon (H' was low for all the areas sampled (<0.90 indicating high specimens concentration in few species. The Index of Sørensen indicated similarities (± 0.60 among studied areas, suggesting a group of landscapes with common plant diversity, representing a same

Formas de maltrato infantil utilizadas por adultos de un barrio de Santa Marta

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Diana Acosta Salazar

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Title: Forms of child abuse used by adults of a district in Santa MartaResumenEl maltrato sigue siendo una situación vivida por niños y niñas de todas las clases sociales, sin embargo, este suele presentarse con mayor incidencia en niños que viven bajo situación socioeconómica de pobreza, pudiendo afectar la calidad de vida de los mismos al ser víctimas de los malos tratos experimentados en su entorno familiar y social. El presente estudio tiene como fin describir las formas de maltrato infantil ejercidas por los adultos del barrio Las Malvinas en menores de 18 años. La metodología utilizada fue cuantitativa de características descriptivas y corte trasversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 83 adultos residentes en el barrio Las Malvinas, a los que se le aplicó la encuesta denominada Encuesta para la Detección de Maltrato Infantil o en Riesgo de Sufrirlo, dando como resultado que el maltrato psicológico presentó mayor incidencia; los actos de maltrato en menores fueron propiciados por algún miembro de la familia, y dentro de las situaciones desencadenantes descritas por los adultos encuestados se encuentran el exceso de trabajo y la escasez de dinero.AbstractChild abuse remains a situation experienced by children of all social classes, while this usually occurs with higher incidence in children living under poor socioeconomic status, which may affect the quality of life for these children to be victims of experienced abuse in their family and social environment. This study aims to describe the forms of child abuse used by adults the barrio Las Malvinas in under 18 years, the methodology used was descriptive and quantitative crosscut. The sample consisted of 83 adults living in the neighborhood of Las Malvinas, which is a survey called Survey for the Detection of Child Abuse or at risk for, resulting in the highest incidence psychological abuse, acts of abuse in children were prompted by a family member and in triggering

Antioxidant activity of free and bound compounds in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds in comparison with durum wheat and emmer.

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Laus, Maura N; Gagliardi, Anna; Soccio, Mario; Flagella, Zina; Pastore, Donato

2012-11-01

Antioxidant activity (AA) of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds, as well as of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum Desf.) and of emmer (T. turgidum L. ssp. dicoccum Schübler) grains, was evaluated by studying hydrophilic (H), lipophilic (L), free-soluble (FSP) and insoluble-bound (IBP) phenolic extracts using the new lipoxygenase/4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline (LOX/RNO) method, able to simultaneously detect different antioxidant mechanisms, as well as using the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays, which measure the scavenging activity against peroxyl and ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] radicals, respectively. The species under study were compared with respect to the sum of AA values of H, L and FSP extracts (AA(H+L+FSP)), containing freely solvent-soluble antioxidants, and AA values of IBP extracts (AA(IBP)), representing the phenolic fraction ester-linked to insoluble cell wall polymers. The LOX/RNO and ORAC methods measured in quinoa flour a remarkable AA(H+L+FSP) higher than durum wheat, although lower than emmer; according to the same assays, the IBP component of quinoa resulted less active than the durum wheat and emmer ones. The TEAC protocol also revealed a high AA(H+L+FSP) for quinoa. Interestingly, the ratio AA(H+L+FSP)/AA(H+L+FSP+IBP), as evaluated by the LOX/RNO and ORAC assays, resulted in quinoa higher than that of both durum wheat and emmer, and much higher than durum wheat, according to the TEAC protocol. This may suggest that antioxidants from quinoa seeds may be more readily accessible with respect to that of both the examined wheat species. Quinoa seeds may represent an excellent source of natural antioxidant compounds and, in particular, of the free-soluble antioxidant fraction. These compounds may improve nutritive and health-beneficial properties of quinoa-based gluten-free products, thus expanding interest for quinoa utilization from

CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DO MEL DE MELIPONA FULVA LEPELETIER, 1836 (HIMENOPTERA: APIDAE: MELIPONINAE) UTILIZADA NA MELIPONICULTURA POR COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS DO ENTORNO DA CIDADE DE MACAPÁ-AP

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Chaves, Alison Felipe Alencar; Gomes, Jorge Emílio Henriques; da Costa, Arley José Silveira

2012-01-01

O estudo buscou determinar as características físico-químicas do mel de abelha sem ferrão Melipona fulva Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) utilizada na meliponicultura por comunidades tradicionais do entorno da cidade de Macapá, AP. As características físico-químicas analisadas foram: umidade, cinzas, acidez, pH, condutividade e hidroximetilfurfural. Os resultados foram expressos em média ± desvio padrão e comparados com os valores limites presentes na legislação vigente e c...

Sesquiterpene lactones. XXX. Cynaropicrin in species of the subtribe Centaureanae Dumort.

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Gerard Nowak

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The presence of cynaropicrin was determined in 13 species of the subtribe Centaureinae Dumort.: Centaurea declinata M. B.- C. leucophylla M. B.. C. dealbata Willd.. C. zangezuri (Sosn. Sosn., C. carthalinica (Sosn. Sosn., C. thracica (Janka Hayek, C. exarata Boiss. ex Cosson, C. phaeopappoides Bordz., Chartolepis intermedia Bioss., Ch. glastifolia (L. Cass., Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd. Iljin, Rh. serratuloides (Georgi Bobr., Leuzea rhapontica (L. Holub.

Comparación de las normas sísmicas más utilizadas para puentes continuos en el Perú y sus métodos de análisis

OpenAIRE

Acero Martínez, José Alberto

2004-01-01

Este trabajo esta orientado a revisar las normas sísmicas más utilizadas para puentes continuos en el Perú y sus métodos de análisis. Se revisan principalmente: la norma AASHTO STANDARD, AASHTO LRFD, CALTRANS y la Norma Sísmica para Puentes de Japón. También, se discute la propuesta de norma para puentes del Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones del Perú y se revisa la NTE E.030. Por otro lado, se revisan en forma referencial, normas sísmicas de puentes de Chile, Venezuela y Canadá. T...

Determinación de características físicas en semillas de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. mediante procesamiento digital de imágenes

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Percy Arapa Carcasi

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Las propiedades físicas de las semillas influencian parámetros de trabajo en los equipos y son esenciales para el diseño de estos y de instalaciones para la recolección, cosecha, transporte, separación, secado, aireación, almacenamiento y procesamiento. En la determinación de propiedades físicas algunas dependen o se originan de las dimensiones ortogonales. Los granos o semillas de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. se caracterizan por su pequeño tamaño. El propósito de este trabajo fue determinar características físicas en semillas de quinua mediante procesamiento digital de imágenes. Se usaron computadoras, cámaras digitales y un escáner. Se utilizaron dos muestras de quinua procesada. Con la primera muestra se ensayaron los programas PHOTO-PAINT, Photoshop, Paint, SmartGrain y GrainScan para comparación. Con Photoshop se determinó el color en porción de granos y de harina. Con la segunda muestra se midieron dimensiones con PHOTO-PAINT, que no ofreció diferencias con Photoshop y Paint, para la determinación de las características físicas. Hubo diferencias estadísticas significativas (p 0,05 entre los programas (PHOTO-PAINT, SmartGrain y GrainScan. Los valores de las coordenadas colorimétricas en la muestra de semillas de quinua fueron L* 70, a* 8 y b* 44 y en la harina L* 71, a* 3 y b* 34. La segunda muestra presentó valores promedios de largo 2,3638; ancho 2,0129 y espesor 1,0605 mm.

Low-temperature effect on enzyme activities involved in sucrose-starch partitioning in salt-stressed and salt-acclimated cotyledons of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seedlings.

Science.gov (United States)

Rosa, Mariana; Hilal, Mirna; González, Juan A; Prado, Fernando E

2009-04-01

The effect of low temperature on growth, sucrose-starch partitioning and related enzymes in salt-stressed and salt-acclimated cotyledons of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) was studied. The growth of cotyledons and growing axes in seedlings grown at 25/20 degrees C (light/dark) and shifted to 5/5 degrees C was lower than in those only growing at 25/20 degrees C (unstressed). However, there were no significant differences between low-temperature control and salt-treated seedlings. The higher activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14) and soluble acid invertase (acid INV, EC 3.2.1.25) were observed in salt-stressed cotyledons; however, the highest acid INV activity was observed in unstressed cotyledons. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADP-GPPase, EC 2.7.7.27) was higher in unstressed cotyledons than in stressed ones. However, between 0 and 4days the highest value was observed in salt-stressed cotyledons. The lowest value of ADP-GPPase was observed in salt-acclimated cotyledons. Low temperature also affected sucrose synthase (SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13) activity in salt-treated cotyledons. Sucrose and glucose were higher in salt-stressed cotyledons, but fructose was essentially higher in low-temperature control. Starch was higher in low-temperature control; however, the highest content was observed at 0day in salt-acclimated cotyledons. Results demonstrated that low temperature induces different responses on sucrose-starch partitioning in salt-stressed and salt-acclimated cotyledons. Data also suggest that in salt-treated cotyledons source-sink relations (SSR) are changed in order to supply soluble sugars and proline for the osmotic adjustment. Relationships between starch formation and SuSy activity are also discussed.

Antinoceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Ethanolic Extract, Fractions and Flavones Isolated from Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poir (Leguminosae.

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Mariluze P Cruz

Full Text Available The bark of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poiret (Leguminosae family, popularly known as "jurema preta" in Brazil, is used by the population of Contendas of Sincorá (Bahia State, Brazil for the treatment of coughs and wound healing. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the bark ethanol extract (EEMT and solvent soluble fractions (hexane-H, DCM-D, EtOAc-E and BuOH-B of the extract in vivo. Additionally, we synthesized 5,7-dihidroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone (isosakuranetin and isolated the compound sakuranetin, and both compounds were also tested. The anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive assays performed were: writhing test; nociception induced by intraplantar formalin injection; leukocyte recruitment to the peritoneal cavity; evaluation of vascular permeability (Evans blue test; and evaluation of mechanical hypernociception (von Frey test. Production of TNF-α, IL-10, myeloperoxidase and the expression of ICAM-1 were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post-test (n = 8, with P < 0.05. The EEMT showed antinociceptive activities in writhing test (100-200 mg/kg, in the second phase of the formalin test (50-200 mg/kg, and in mechanical hypernociception (100 mg/kg. EEMT showed an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity and in the plantar tissue detected by the reduction of myeloperoxidase activity (100 mg/kg, reduction of IL-10 levels and expression of ICAM-1 in the peritoneal exudate and the mesentery (100 mg/kg, respectively. The four soluble EEMT fractions showed good results in tests for antinociceptive (H, D, E, B and anti-inflammation (H, D, E. Only sakuranetin showed reduction of the writhing and neutrophil migration (200 mg/kg. Thus, the EEMT and soluble fractions of M. tenuiflora bark demonstrated great antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, as also sakuranetin. More studies

Preliminary Studies of the Performance of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Genotypes under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions of Central Malawi.

Science.gov (United States)

Maliro, Moses F A; Guwela, Veronica F; Nyaika, Jacinta; Murphy, Kevin M

2017-01-01

The goal of sustainable intensification of agriculture in Malawi has led to the evaluation of innovative, regionally novel or under-utilized crop species. Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has the potential to provide a drought tolerant, nutritious alternative to maize. We evaluated 11 diverse varieties of quinoa for their yield and agronomic performance at two locations, Bunda and Bembeke, in Malawi. The varieties originated from Ecuador, Chile and Bolivia in South America; the United States and Canada in North America; and, Denmark in Europe, and were chosen based on their variation in morphological and agronomic traits, and their potential for adaptation to the climate of Malawi. Plant height, panicle length, days to maturity, harvest index, and seed yield were recorded for each variety under irrigation at Bunda and Bembeke, and under rainfed conditions at Bunda. Plant height was significantly influenced by both genotype and environment. There were also significant differences between the two locations for panicle length whereas genotype and genotype × environment (G × E) interaction were not significantly different. Differences were found for genotype and G × E interaction for harvest index. Notably, differences for genotype, environment and G × E were found for grain yield. Seed yield was higher at Bunda (237-3019 kg/ha) than Bembeke (62-692 kg/ha) under irrigated conditions. The highest yielding genotype at Bunda was Titicaca (3019 kg/ha) whereas Multi-Hued was the highest (692 kg/ha) at Bembeke. Strong positive correlations between seed yield and (1) plant height ( r = 0.74), (2) days to maturity ( r = 0.76), and (3) biomass ( r = 0.87) were found under irrigated conditions. The rainfed evaluations at Bunda revealed significant differences in seed yield, plant biomass, and seed size among the genotypes. The highest yielding genotype was Black Seeded (2050 kg/ha) followed by Multi-Hued (1603 kg/ha) and Bio-Bio (1446 kg/ha). Ecuadorian (257 kg/ha) was

Análisis de las metodologías de evaluación financiera, económica, social y ambiental de proyectos de inversión agrícola utilizadas en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Ramón Antonio Rosales Álvarez; Armando Malebranh Eraso Dorado; Clemencia Martínez Aldana; Román Leonardo Villarreal Ramos; Alexander Zamora Velandia; Susan Yurany Garzón Bautista; Catalina Micán Alba; Angélica Núñez Useche; Margarita Sanabria Martínez

2015-01-01

Se reporta una investigación enfocada a evaluar las metodologías utilizadas en la década de los noventa en proyectos de tipo agricola, particularmente en los distritos de riego, identificando las fortalezas y debilidades teóricas y técnicas y operativas en los aspectos financieros, económicos, sociales y ambientales. A partir de una selección de los proyectos de mayor envergadura implementados por el sector agricola durante el periodo se realiza la evaluación de las metodologías con base en u...

Estrategias educativas utilizadas por los docentes del Programa de Enfermería de una universidad de la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia frente a los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de este Programa

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Luz Marina Yancen Tinoco

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Establecer el uso de estilos de aprendizaje de estudiantes por parte de docentes del Programa de Enfermería al seleccionar las estrategias educativas. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se tomaron 56 docentes y 199 estudiantes mayores de edad de primero a octavo semestre del programa de enfermería de una universidad de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Resultados: El 36.7% de los estudiantes tienen un estilo de aprendizaje Reflexivo. 80.4% de los docentes afirman tener conocimiento sobre los estilos de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, los docentes tienen dificultades en identificar los estilos de aprendizaje de sus estudiantes. La estrategia educativa más utilizada ha sido casos clínicos con un 23.2%. Asimismo, 77.7% de los docentes utiliza diferentes estrategias educativas. Conclusión: Las estrategias educativas utilizadas por los docentes no son acordes con los estilos de aprendizajes de los estudiantes. La mayoría de los docentes desarrollan sus clases basándose en casos clínicos, lo cual favorece principalmente a estudiantes con un estilo de aprendizaje activo, sin embargo, el estilo predominante en el Programa de Enfermería es el reflexivo. Estos hallazgos podrían dificultar el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje de estudiantes del programa.

Applicability of major histocompatibility complex DRB1 alleles as markers to detect vertebrate hybridization: a case study from Iberian ibex × domestic goat in southern Spain

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Alasaad Samer

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Hybridization between closely related wild and domestic species is of great concern because it can alter the evolutionary integrity of the affected populations. The high allelic variability of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC loci usually excludes them from being used in studies to detect hybridization events. However, if a the parental species don’t share alleles, and b one of the parental species possesses an exceptionally low number of alleles (to facilitate analysis, then even MHC loci have the potential to detect hybrids. Results By genotyping the exon2 of the MHC class II DRB1 locus, we were able to detect hybridization between domestic goats (Capra hircus and free-ranging Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica by molecular means. Conclusions This is the first documentation of a Capra pyrenaica × Capra hircus hybridization, which presented us the opportunity to test the applicability of MHC loci as new, simple, cost-effective, and time-saving approach to detect hybridization between wild species and their domesticated relatives, thus adding value to MHC genes role in animal conservation and management.

A natural component from Euphorbia humifusa Willd displays novel, broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity by blocking nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein

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Chang, So Young; Park, Ji Hoon [Respiratory Viruses Research Laboratory, Discovery Biology Department, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Young Ho; Kang, Jong Seong [College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764 (Korea, Republic of); Min, Ji-Young, E-mail: jiyoung.min@ip-korea.org [Respiratory Viruses Research Laboratory, Discovery Biology Department, Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400 (Korea, Republic of)

2016-03-04

The need to develop anti-influenza drugs with novel antiviral mechanisms is urgent because of the rapid rate of antigenic mutation and the emergence of drug-resistant viruses. We identified a novel anti-influenza molecule by screening 861 plant-derived natural components using a high-throughput image-based assay that measures inhibition of the influenza virus infection. 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (TGBG) from Euphorbia humifusa Willd showed broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity against two seasonal influenza A strains, A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) and A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), and seasonal influenza B strain B/Florida/04/2006. We investigated the mode of action of TGBG using neuraminidase activity inhibition and time-of-addition assays, which evaluate the viral release and entry steps, respectively. We found that TGBG exhibits a novel antiviral mechanism that differs from the FDA-approved anti-influenza drugs oseltamivir which inhibits viral release, and amantadine which inhibits viral entry. Immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that TGBG significantly inhibits nuclear export of influenza nucleoproteins (NP) during the early stages of infection causing NP to accumulate in the nucleus. In addition, influenza-induced activation of the Akt signaling pathway was suppressed by TGBG in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that a putative mode of action of TGBG involves inhibition of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm consequently disrupting the assembly of progeny virions. In summary, TGBG has potential as novel anti-influenza therapeutic with a novel mechanism of action. - Highlights: • The plant-derived natural product TGBG has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against seasonal influenza A and B viruses. • TGBG has a novel anti-viral mechanism of action that from differs from the currently available anti-influenza drugs. • TGBG hinders nuclear export of the influenza virus ribonucleoprotein (v

A natural component from Euphorbia humifusa Willd displays novel, broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity by blocking nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, So Young; Park, Ji Hoon; Kim, Young Ho; Kang, Jong Seong; Min, Ji-Young

2016-01-01

The need to develop anti-influenza drugs with novel antiviral mechanisms is urgent because of the rapid rate of antigenic mutation and the emergence of drug-resistant viruses. We identified a novel anti-influenza molecule by screening 861 plant-derived natural components using a high-throughput image-based assay that measures inhibition of the influenza virus infection. 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (TGBG) from Euphorbia humifusa Willd showed broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity against two seasonal influenza A strains, A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) and A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), and seasonal influenza B strain B/Florida/04/2006. We investigated the mode of action of TGBG using neuraminidase activity inhibition and time-of-addition assays, which evaluate the viral release and entry steps, respectively. We found that TGBG exhibits a novel antiviral mechanism that differs from the FDA-approved anti-influenza drugs oseltamivir which inhibits viral release, and amantadine which inhibits viral entry. Immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that TGBG significantly inhibits nuclear export of influenza nucleoproteins (NP) during the early stages of infection causing NP to accumulate in the nucleus. In addition, influenza-induced activation of the Akt signaling pathway was suppressed by TGBG in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that a putative mode of action of TGBG involves inhibition of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm consequently disrupting the assembly of progeny virions. In summary, TGBG has potential as novel anti-influenza therapeutic with a novel mechanism of action. - Highlights: • The plant-derived natural product TGBG has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against seasonal influenza A and B viruses. • TGBG has a novel anti-viral mechanism of action that from differs from the currently available anti-influenza drugs. • TGBG hinders nuclear export of the influenza virus ribonucleoprotein (v

Petrografía, propiedades físicas y durabilidad de rocas utilizadas en el patrimonio monumental de Cataluña, España (2.ª parte

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Esbert, Rosa M.

1991-06-01

Full Text Available The petrographical description and the values of some physical properties of three rocks used in the Architectonic Heritage of Catalonia (Spain are presented. These rocks are known, in the field of the "building stones" as Sant Vicenç, El Figueró and Manresa stones. By means of accelerated ageing tests, their durability is evaluated.

Se realiza la descripción petrográfica y se determina una serie de propiedades físicas de distintas rocas utilizadas en el patrimonio arquitectónico de Cataluña, conocidas en el ámbito de las "rocas de construcción" con los nombres de piedra de Sant Vicenç, El Figueró y Manresa. Mediante ensayos de envejecimiento artificial acelerado se hacen predicciones sobre la durabilidad de las mismas.

Fibras vegetais utilizadas na pesca artesanal na microrregião do Salgado, Pará

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Jorge Oliveira

Full Text Available As espécies vegetais fibrosas ocupam papel de destaque no cotidiano das comunidades tradicionais amazônicas ao lado das espécies medicinais, alimentícias e madeireiras. Na microrregião do Salgado do estado do Pará - constituída pelos municípios de Colares, Curuçá, Magalhães Barata, Maracanã, Marapanim, Salinópolis, Santarém Novo, São Caetano de Odivelas, São João de Pirabas e Vigia - as fibras vegetais são usadas em cestaria, trançados, fixadoras em substituição ao prego, adornos e vestuário. Para a elaboração do presente trabalho, os dados foram obtidos entre artesãos e pescadores artesanais da microrregião do Salgado do estado do Pará, com cerca de 150 entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram registradas 17 espécies, distribuídas em oito famílias e 17 gêneros utilizados na preparação de implementos de pesca artesanal, cujas matérias prima são provenientes de diversas partes da planta, onde as talas são da haste caulinar de Marantaceae e estipe de Arecaceae, os cipós são raízes de Araceae e Cyclanthaceae e os caules de Bignoniaceae e Dilleniaceae, enquanto que as palhas são folhas e pinas de Arecaceae. A família mais representativa com relação ao número de espécies e o fornecimento de matéria prima utilizada foi Arecaceae com 8 spp., seguida de Dilleniaceae e Araceae com 2 spp., Bignoniaceae, Bombacaceae, Cyclanthaceae, Marantaceae e Poaceae com 1 sp. cada. O trabalho visa contribuir para o conhecimento das espécies vegetais fibrosas, quanto a sua morfologia, origem e manuseio da matéria prima, os produtos confeccionados e seus usos, além do registro dos aspectos culturais da utilização de espécies vegetais fibrosas no cotidiano da atividade pesqueira artesanal daquela microrregião.

Variation in salinity tolerance of four lowland genotypes of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) as assessed by growth, physiological traits, and sodium transporter gene expression.

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Ruiz-Carrasco, Karina; Antognoni, Fabiana; Coulibaly, Amadou Konotie; Lizardi, Susana; Covarrubias, Adriana; Martínez, Enrique A; Molina-Montenegro, Marco A; Biondi, Stefania; Zurita-Silva, Andrés

2011-11-01

Chenopodium quinoa (Willd.) is an Andean plant showing a remarkable tolerance to abiotic stresses. In Chile, quinoa populations display a high degree of genetic distancing, and variable tolerance to salinity. To investigate which tolerance mechanisms might account for these differences, four genotypes from coastal central and southern regions were compared for their growth, physiological, and molecular responses to NaCl at seedling stage. Seeds were sown on agar plates supplemented with 0, 150 or 300mM NaCl. Germination was significantly reduced by NaCl only in accession BO78. Shoot length was reduced by 150mM NaCl in three out of four genotypes, and by over 60% at 300mM (except BO78 which remained more similar to controls). Root length was hardly affected or even enhanced at 150mM in all four genotypes, but inhibited, especially in BO78, by 300mM NaCl. Thus, the root/shoot ratio was differentially affected by salt, with the highest values in PRJ, and the lowest in BO78. Biomass was also less affected in PRJ than in the other accessions, the genotype with the highest increment in proline concentration upon salt treatment. Free putrescine declined dramatically in all genotypes under 300mM NaCl; however (spermidine+spermine)/putrescine ratios were higher in PRJ than BO78. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses of two sodium transporter genes, CqSOS1 and CqNHX, revealed that their expression was differentially induced at the shoot and root level, and between genotypes, by 300mM NaCl. Expression data are discussed in relation to the degree of salt tolerance in the different accessions. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Análisis de las metodologías de evaluación financiera, económica, social y ambiental de proyectos de inversión agrícola utilizadas en Colombia

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Ramón Antonio Rosales Álvarez; Armando Malebranh Eraso Dorado; Clemencia Martínez Aldana; Román Leonardo Villarreal Ramos; Alexander Zamora Velandia; Susan Yurany Garzón Bautista; Catalina Micán Alba; Angélica Núñez Useche; Margarita Sanabria Martínez

2007-01-01

Se reporta una investigación enfocada a evaluar las metodologías utilizadas en la década de los noventa en proyectos de tipo agrícola, particularmente en los distritos de riego, identificando las fortalezas y debilidades teóricas y técnicas y operativas en los aspectos financieros, económicos, sociales y ambientales. A partir de una selección de los proyectos de mayor envergadura implementados por el sector agrícola durante el período se realiza la evaluación de las metodologías con base en u...

Simultaneous determination of phenolic compounds and saponins in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) by a liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry methodology.

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Gómez-Caravaca, Ana María; Segura-Carretero, Antonio; Fernández-Gutiérrez, Alberto; Caboni, Maria Fiorenza

2011-10-26

A new liquid chromatography methodology coupled to a diode array detector and a time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been developed for the simultaneous determination of phenolic compounds and saponins in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). This method has allowed the simultaneous determination of these two families of compounds with the same analytical method for the first time. A fused-core column C18 has been used, and the analysis has been performed in less than 27 min. Both chromatographic and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry parameters have been optimized to improve the sensitivity and to maximize the number of compounds detected. A validation of the method has also been carried out, and free and bound polar fractions of quinoa have been studied. Twenty-five compounds have been tentatively identified and quantified in the free polar fraction, while five compounds have been tentatively identified and quantified in the bound polar fraction. It is important to highlight that 1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside, acacetin, protocatechuic acid 4-O-glucoside, penstebioside, ethyl-m-digallate, (epi)-gallocatechin, and canthoside have been tentatively identified for the first time in quinoa. Free phenolic compounds have been found to be in the range of 2.746-3.803 g/kg of quinoa, while bound phenolic compounds were present in a concentration that varies from 0.139 and 0.164 g/kg. Indeed, saponins have been found to be in a concentration that ranged from 5.6 to 7.5% of the total composition of whole quinoa flour.

Genetic Variability and Symbiotic Efficiency of Erythrina velutina Willd. Root Nodule Bacteria from the Semi-Arid Region in Northeastern Brazil

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Kelly Alexsandra Souza Menezes

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Legume-rhizobia symbiosis is a cross-kingdom association that results in large amounts of nitrogen incorporated in food webs. For the Brazilian semi-arid region, data on genetic variability and symbiotic efficiency of Papilionoidae rhizobial communities are very scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability and the symbiotic efficiency of eight rhizobial isolates obtained from “mulungu” (Erythrina velutina Willd. nodules. For 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial kit, amplified with universal primers, and subjected to sequencing reactions. For the isolate ESA 71, PCR amplifications for nodC and nodA genes were attempted. Rhizobial efficiency was assessed by two greenhouse experiments. The first assay was carried out under gnotobiotic conditions, with sterile sand as a substrate; the second experiment was conducted in a non-sterile soil. For both experiments, the inoculation treatments consisted of a single inoculation of each isolate, in addition to a treatment with Bradyrhizobium elkanii BR 5609 as a reference strain. Furthermore, two non-inoculated control treatments, supplied and not supplied with mineral N, were also evaluated. Bacterial identification indicated that both α and β-rhizobia could be found in “mulungu” root nodules. Three isolates where classified within the Rhizobium genus, four bacteria belonged to Bradyrhizobium and one isolate clustered with Burkholderia. Positive amplification of an intragenic fragment of the nodA gene using a primer set to β-rhizobia could be found for ESA 71 (Burkholderia. All bacterial isolates were effective in colonizing “mulungu” roots. In the first experiment, all inoculated treatments and N fertilization increased the N concentration in “mulungu” shoot tissues. For total N in the shoots, the isolates ESA 70, ESA 72, and ESA 75 stood out. In the non-sterile substrate experiment, the isolates ESA 70, ESA 71, ESA

POTENSI BIJI DAN EKSTRAK BIJI TERATAI (Nymphaea pubescens Willd SEBAGAI PENCEGAH DIARE PADA TIKUS PERCOBAAN YANG DIINTERVENSI E.coli ENTEROPATOGENIK

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Yuspihana Fitrial

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The Potency of Waterlily’s Seed (Nymphaea pubescens Willd and Its Extract as DiarrheaPreventative in Rats that Intervented with Enterophatogenic Escherichia coli Yuspihana Fitrial, Made Astawan, Soewarno T.Soekarto,Komang G.Wiryawan, Tutik Wresdiyati ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen Þ tokimia yang terdapat pada biji teratai dan ekstrak etil asetat bijiteratai dan mengetahui aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap E.coli penyebab diare (E.coli Enteropatogenik K1.1, EPECK1.1 pada tikus percobaan. Perlakuan diberikan pada tikus jantan jenis Sprague Dawley (berat 140 ±5 g selama28 hari. Tikus percobaan dibagi menjadi 4 grup yaitu, grup 1, kontrol (mendapatkan ransum standar, grup 2 yangmendapat ransum yang disubstitusi tepung biji teratai (18,7 g/100 g, grup 3 yang mendapat ransum yang disubstitusiFOS (fruktooligosakarida, 6 g/100 g, dan grup 4 yang mendapat ransum standar dan ekstrak etil asetat biji teratai(17,8 mg/ml. Setelah 2 minggu perlakuan ransum, tikus percobaan diintervensi secara oral dengan 0,3 ml dari 106CFU/ml EPEC K1.1 selama 1 minggu sehingga diare. Aktivitas biologis ransum perlakuan diamati dengan mengamatibobot badan, konsumsi ransum per hari, eÞ siensi ransum, total mikroba, total E.coli dan total bakteri asam laktatdari isi sekum tikus percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biji teratai mengandung alkaloid, ß avonoid,steroid, glikosida, tanin, saponin, dan triterpenoid, sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat biji teratai mengandung alkaloid,ß avonoid, tanin, glikosida, saponin dan triterpenoid. Substitusi biji teratai pada ransum mampu menurunkan totalE.coli isi sekum, baik setelah intervensi maupun setelah intervensi EPEC dihentikan. Sementara pemberian ekstrakbiji teratai mampu menurunkan total E.coli isi sekum setelah intervensi dihentikan. EÞ siensi ransum pada grup yangdisubstitusi biji teratai lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol dan ekstrak biji teratai (P<0.05. Perlakuan substitusi bijiteratai, dan

Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas utilizadas como anti-hiperlipidêmicas e anorexígenas pela população de Nova Xavantina-MT, Brasil

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Marcondes Alves B. da Silva

Full Text Available O presente trabalho verificou a utilização de plantas medicinais encontradas no Cerrado mato-grossense para o tratamento de hiperlipidemias e obesidade. Entrevistas com 180 pessoas acima de 50 anos foram realizadas em Nova Xavantina-MT. O questionário abordou nome popular, parte utilizada, forma de preparo e uso das espécies citadas, além de informações gerais sobre o uso de plantas. As dez plantas mais citadas foram coletadas, identificadas e estudadas por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica. A maioria dos entrevistados (95,6% declarou utilizar plantas medicinais regularmente, sendo que 71,5% deles herdaram o conhecimento sobre plantas dos pais e avós e 94,20% relataram aconselhar o uso aos mais jovens. Além disso, 93,6% atestaram que as plantas são mais eficazes que os medicamentos de farmácia e 57% consideraram forte o efeito das mesmas, ou seja, sempre resolvem o problema de saúde. Quanto aos efeitos adversos, 95,9% disseram nunca ter sentido após o uso de plantas. Dos entrevistados, 56,7% conheciam ou já haviam utilizado plantas medicinais no tratamento de hiperlipidemias e obesidade, sendo citadas 54 espécies medicinais diferentes pertencentes a 53 gêneros e 38 famílias, com destaque para Fabaceae (13%. As dez plantas mais citadas foram: guatambu (Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart., quina-do-cerrado (Strychnos pseudoquina St. Hil., ipê-roxo [Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex DC. Standl], embaúba (Cecropia pachystachya Trec., calunga (Simaba sp., pata-de-vaca [Bauhinia rufa (Bong. Steud.], mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomez, batata-de-tiú [Jatropha elliptica (Pohl. Muell. Arg.], folha-de-carne (Casearia sylvestris Sw. e manacá (Spiranthera odoratissima A. St.-Hil.. A folha foi a parte mais utilizada (46% e o preparo das plantas ocorre principalmente por meio de infusão citado por 36,5% dos entrevistados. Apesar do uso popular destas plantas no combate as hiperlipidemias e obesidade, há necessidade de estudos fitoquímicos e

Produção de fitomassa e acúmulo de macronutrientes em jitirana utilizada como adubo verde

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Paulo César Ferreira Linhares

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A jitirana (Merremia aegyptia é uma convolvulácea de fácil adaptação aos diferentes tipos de solo, sendo utilizada para a adubação verde na produção orgânica de hortaliças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a produção de fitomassa seca e os acúmulos de N, P, K e Ca da jitirana em diferentes estádios fenológicos. O experimento foi conduzido na localidade do Sumaré, Mossoró-RN, no período de fevereiro a junho de 2007. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de idades fenológicas, sendo: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 e 120 dias após a emergência (DAE. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com oito tratamentos e cinco repetições. A convolvulaceae estudada apresenta potencial na utilização como adubo verde e considerável produção de fitomassa e acúmulo de macronutrientes na matéria seca da parte aérea para as condições de Mossoró-RN. Normal 0 21 false false false /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;}

Micromicetes asociados a la corteza y madera de podocarpus parlatorei (Podocarpaceae en la Argentina. VI. Ascomycota

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Myriam del V. Catania

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se describen e ilustran diez especies de Ascomycota que crecen sobre madera y corteza de Podocarpus parlatorei. Se proponen Nemania confluens var. microspora var. nov., Togninia minutissima comb. nov., y se citan por primera vez para la Argentina los siguientes taxones: Botryosphaeria sarmentorum, Ceratostomella pyrenaica, Cochliobolus kusanoi, Heptameria obesa, Hypoxylon duranii, Ophioceras dolichostomum, Tengiomyces indicus, Togninia minima, Trichosphaeria pilosa.

Fractal structures and fractal functions as disease indicators

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Escos, J.M; Alados, C.L.; Emlen, J.M.

1995-01-01

Developmental instability is an early indicator of stress, and has been used to monitor the impacts of human disturbance on natural ecosystems. Here we investigate the use of different measures of developmental instability on two species, green peppers (Capsicum annuum), a plant, and Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica), an animal. For green peppers we compared the variance in allometric relationship between control plants, and a treatment group infected with the tomato spotted wilt virus. The results show that infected plants have a greater variance about the allometric regression line than the control plants. We also observed a reduction in complexity of branch structure in green pepper with a viral infection. Box-counting fractal dimension of branch architecture declined under stress infection. We also tested the reduction in complexity of behavioral patterns under stress situations in Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica). Fractal dimension of head-lift frequency distribution measures predator detection efficiency. This dimension decreased under stressful conditions, such as advanced pregnancy and parasitic infection. Feeding distribution activities reflect food searching efficiency. Power spectral analysis proves to be the most powerful tool for character- izing fractal behavior, revealing a reduction in complexity of time distribution activity under parasitic infection.

Soil water effect on crop growth, leaf gas exchange, water and radiation use efficiency of Saccharum spontaneum L. ssp. aegyptiacum (Willd. Hackel in semi-arid Mediterranean environment

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Danilo Scordia

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Great effort has been placed to identify the most suited bioenergy crop under different environments and management practices, however, there is still need to find new genetic resources for constrained areas. For instance, South Mediterranean area is strongly affected by prolonged drought, high vapour pressure deficit (VPD and extremely high temperatures during summertime. In the present work we investigated the soil water effect on crop growth and leaf gas exchange of Saccharum spontaneum L. ssp. aegyptiacum (Willd. Hackel, a perennial, rhizomatous, herbaceous grass. Furthermore, the net increase of biomass production per unit light intercepted [radiation use efficiency (RUE] and per unit water transpired [water use efficiency (WUE] was also studied. To this end a field trial was carried out imposing three levels of soil water availability (I100, I50 and I0, corresponding to 100%, 50% and 0% of ETm restutition under a semi-arid Mediterranean environment. Leaf area index (LAI, stem height, biomass dry matter yield, CO2 assimilation rate, and transpiration rate resulted significantly affected by measurement time and irrigation treatment, with the highest values in I100 and the lowest in I0. RUE was the highest in I100 followed by I50 and I0; on the other hand, WUE was higher in I0 than I50 and I100. At LAI values greater than 2.0, 85% photosynthetically active radiation was intercepted by the Saccharum stand, irrespective of the irrigation treatment. Saccharum spontaneum spp. aegyptiacum is a potential species for biomass production in environment characterized by drought stress, high temperatures and high VPD, as those of Southern Europe and similar semi-arid areas.

Aquatic dance flies fauna (Diptera, Empididae: Clinocerinae and Hemerodromiinae) of Montenegro

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Ivković, Marija; Mihaljević, Zlatko; Miliša, Marko; Previšić, Ana

2013-01-01

Adult aquatic dance flies (Empididae) were collected during July 2012 and July 2013 in Montenegro using sweep nets and by aspirator at 21 sampling sites. From 25 species recorded in this study, 22 species are new to the fauna of Montenegro: Chelifera pyrenaica Vaillant, Hemerodromia laudatoria Collin, Clinocera stagnalis (Haliday), Clinocera wesmaeli (Macquart), Clinocerella sorex (Engel), Dolichocephala guttata (Haliday), Kowarzia barbatula Mik, Kowarzia plectrum Mik, Roederiodes macedonicus...

DNA barcoding and NMR spectroscopy-based assessment of species adulteration in the raw herbal trade of Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd, an important medicinal plant.

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Urumarudappa, Santhosh Kumar Jayanthinagar; Gogna, Navdeep; Newmaster, Steven G; Venkatarangaiah, Krishna; Subramanyam, Ragupathy; Saroja, Seethapathy Gopalakrishnan; Gudasalamani, Ravikanth; Dorai, Kavita; Ramanan, Uma Shaanker

2016-11-01

Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd, commonly known as "Asoka" or "Ashoka," is one of the most important medicinal plants used in raw herbal trade in India. The bark extracts of the tree are used in the treatment of leucorrhea and other uterine disorders besides also having anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-pyretic, anti-helminthic, and analgesic activity. The indiscriminate and rampant extraction of the wood to meet the ever-increasing market demand has led to a sharp decline in naturally occurring populations of the species in the country. Consequently, the species has recently been classified as "vulnerable" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Increasing deforestation and increasing demand for this medicinal plant have resulted in a limited supply and suspected widespread adulteration of the species in the raw herbal trade market. Adulteration is a serious concern due to: (i) reduction in the efficacy of this traditional medicine, (ii) considerable health risk to consumers, and (iii) fraudulent product substitution that impacts the economy for the Natural Health Product (NHP) Industry and consumers. In this paper, we provide the first attempt to assess the extent of adulteration in the raw herbal trade of S. asoca using DNA barcoding validated by NMR spectroscopic techniques. Analyzing market samples drawn from 25 shops, mostly from peninsular India, we show that more than 80 % of the samples were spurious, representing plant material from at least 7 different families. This is the first comprehensive and large-scale study to demonstrate the widespread adulteration of market samples of S. asoca in India. These results pose grave implications for the use of raw herbal drugs, such as that of S. asoca, on consumer health and safety. Based on these findings, we argue for a strong and robust regulatory framework to be put in place, which would ensure the quality of raw herbal trade products and reassure consumer confidence in indigenous

ACTIVITATEA ANTIOXIDANTĂ A SUBSTANŢELOR DIN MUGURII ARBORILOR STEJARULUI PUFOS (QUERCUS PUBESCENS WILLD. CARE CRESC ÎN DIFERITE CONDIŢII STAŢIONALE

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Gheorghe FLORENTA

2018-03-01

Full Text Available A fost determinată activitatea sumară a oxidazelor, catalazelor şi a substanţelor reducătoare a extractelor din mugurii stejarului pufos prelevaţi primăvara de la arborii care cresc în diferite condiţii staţionale din sudul Republicii Moldova. În extracte se manifesta clar tendinţa de sporire a capacităţii sumare de utilizare a oxigenului datorită potenţialului reductiv al substanţelor fenolice şi activităţii oxidazelor la arborii care cresc mai la sud, ceea ce corespunde gradientului de sporire a temperaturii primăvara în direcţia nord-sud. Această tendinţă s-a manifestat şi pentru activitatea catalazelor, dar mai puţin pronunţat. Primăvara, în celulele mugurilor apicali schimbările componentelor care determină potenţialul oxidoreductiv se manifestă mai timpuriu, în comparaţie cu cele din mugurii laterali. Această accelerare poate fi o cauză a eliminării mai timpurii a dormitării mugurilor apicali în comparaţie cu cei laterali.THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PUBESCENT OAK TREE BUDS (QUERCUS PUBESCENS WILLD. WHICH GROW UNDER DIFFERENT STATIONARY CONDITIONSIt was determined the summary activity of oxidases, catalases and reducing substances of extracts from pubescent oak shoots taken in spring from trees growing in different stationary conditions in the southern part of the Republic of Moldova. In the extracts, the tendency to increase the overall capacity of oxygen use due to the reductive potential of the phenolic substances and the activity of the oxidases in trees growing southwards is clearly manifested, which corresponds to the gradient of increasing the spring temperature in the north-south direction. This trend also manifested itself in the catalase activity, but less pronounced. In apical buds, in spring, the changes in the components that determine the oxidoreductive potential are manifested earlier, compared to those in lateral buds. This acceleration may be a reason of the early removal of

Estudos das variantes utilizadas em duas capitais sul-brasileiras para designar o conceito «tempo»

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Paula Garcia Freitas

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O estudo das palavras utilizadas por um grupo social pode ser o fio condutor para avaliar o conhecimento desse grupo. Assim sendo, este trabalho propõe-se a investigar a relação que comunidades têm com o “tempo” por meio do levantamento das palavras que utilizam para designar conceitos relacionados a ele. Para tanto, optou-se pela análise das respostas dadas por dezesseis informantes de duas localidades, Florianópolis e Curitiba, ao questionário semântico lexical (QSL relativo ao campo semântico de astros e tempo, no âmbito do Projeto ALIB (Atlas linguístico do Brasil. Por meio deste estudo, pôde-se constatar que os habitantes das duas capitais estudadas nesta pesquisa utilizam termos distintos para descrever as diferentes partes do dia e a relação temporal. Pode-se dizer também que os informantes das duas localidades não utilizam termos relacionados a estrelas ou outros fenômenos siderais para se referirem ao início e fim do dia.Palavras-chave: Variantes linguísticas; ALIB; dialetologia; tempo.Abstract: The study of the words used by a social group can be the conduit to assess the knowledge of this group. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship that communities have with the “time” through the survey of the words they use to describe it. To this end, we decided to examine the replies given by sixteen informants at two locations, Florianopolis and Curitiba, to the lexical semantic questionnaire (LSQ on the semantic field of stars and time, under the Project ALIB (Linguistic Atlas of Brazil. Through this study, it was found that the inhabitants of the capital, in particular the two that are the subject of this research, have a little relationship with the terms that describe the different parts of the day, especially those that detail the phenomena. We can also say that they don’t use terms related with the stars or other sidereal phenomena to refer to the beginning and the end of the day

La relajación como una de las estrategias psicológicas de intervención mas utilizadas en la practica clínica actual: Parte II

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Rosa López Fernández

1996-08-01

Full Text Available Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica actualizada del empleo de la relajación como una de las estrategias psicológicas de intervención más utilizada en la práctica clínica actual. El entrenamiento en relajación se emplea prácticamente en todas aquellas situaciones cuyo tratamiento requiere o aconseja la reducción de la actividad simpática del sistema neurovegetativo, de la tensión muscular o del estado de alerta general del organismo. En las investigaciones realizadas aparece con mucha frecuencia su combinación con otras técnicas y su aplicación en personas de todas las edades (niños, adultos y de la tercera edad. Tratar de mencionar su utilización en todas y cada una de las situaciones y enfermedades posibles sería interminable, pero estamos convencidos de su eficacia en el mejoramiento de la salud humana.

Lexías utilizadas por los estudiantes de noveno año del período lectivo 2009 del Instituto de Educación Integral para referirse a personas homosexuales

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Ronald Campos López

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se identifican las lexías utilizadas para referirse a las personas homosexuales por los estudiantes de noveno del período lectivo 2009 del Instituto de Educación Integral de Las Nubes, Coronado, Costa Rica; esto con el fin de determinar la frecuencia de uso, situaciones comunicativas y carácter semántico de estas palabras, según la conceptualización constructivista de esta retícula social cerrada (los adolescentes. A partir de estos datos, se analiza el nivel ideológico de aceptación y rechazo de estos jóvenes hacia la comunidad homosexual en general. Al final, se brindan criterios y recomendaciones a los docentes para el aprovechamiento y discusión sobre el uso de estas palabras en el aula.

(Retz.) Willd.(Rhamnaceae)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

RAGHAVENDRA

world's population rely on traditional medicine for prim health care needs. The dependence of people on her medicine is cost effectiveness, health benef acceptability and most importantly the accessibility. Pla are extensively used in various systems of medicine su as Ayurveda, Sidda and Unani. The therapeutic poten.

Actividad de la fitasa y comparación en la composición química, contenido de ácido fítico en cuatro variedades de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

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Olga Rosero

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. es una planta que ha sido cultivada en las regiones andinas de Bolivia, Perú, Ecuador y Colombia. Su importancia se debe al alto contenido de proteínas y de aminoácidos esenciales en su grano. El objetivo principal en la investigación fue encontrar la relación entre el ácido fítico y la actividad de la fítasa en las variedades de quinua Nariño procedente de Colombia (QC, quinua Anapquis (QBA y quinua -IICA 020 Oruro (QB procedentes de Bolivia, y quinua Huancavelica de Perú (QP. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las proporciones de proteína, grasa, fibra y ceniza entre las cuatro variedades. El análisis de los aminoácidos esenciales mostró que las variedades de quinua tienen altas concentraciones de arginina, leucina, fenilalanina y lisina, y tirosina como aminoácidos semi-esenciales. La fracción de grasa presentó concentraciones altas de ácido oleico, linoleico, a-linolénico y ácido palmítico. Las variedades presentaron altos contenidos de P y Ca. El ácido fítico en QC (19.64% fue significativamente más bajo que en las otras variedades. En la variedad QC (1052 FTU/kg se encontraron altas proporciones de actividad de la fítasa. Se encontró relación significativa y negativa (r = -0.89 entre la actividad de la fítasa y el ácido fítico en todas las variedades.

Characterization of volatile constituents in commercial oak wood chips.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández de Simón, Brígida; Muiño, Iria; Cadahía, Estrella

2010-09-08

The volatile composition of the different oak wood pieces (chips of Quercus spp.) that can be found on the market to be used as alternatives to barrels for aging wines, as well as of chips of Quercus pyrenaica which are being introduced, was studied, evaluating the contents of volatile phenols, lactones, furanic compounds, pyranones, phenolic aldehydes, phenolic ketones, and others. In regard to the overall results, the volatile composition of these products varies widely and has not been clearly laid out according to either the oak species or the wood toasting intensity. Taking into account that the different characteristics of alternatives to barrel products are reflected in the wine treated with them and that an oenological profile based on these variables (origin and toasting level) cannot be defined, only an appropriate chemical analysis would reveal the quality of alternative-to-barrel products and allow us to attempt to foresee its effects on the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of the wines treated with them. On the other hand, the Q. pyrenaica alternative products are very similar to those of other species, with some aromatic particularities, such as their high levels of furanic compounds, eugenol, Furaneol, and cis-whiskylactone, and low levels of vanillin.

Stressing factors and coping strategies used by oncology nurses Factores estresantes y estrategias de coping utilizadas por los enfermeros que actúan en oncología Fatores estressantes e estratégias de coping dos enfermeiros atuantes em oncologia

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Andrea Bezerra Rodrigues

2008-02-01

Full Text Available In the oncology specialty, many factors can result in occupational stress in nursing professionals. As an attempt to controlling this situation, individuals may use coping strategies. Coping is a cognitive and behavioral effort one uses to face a stressful situation. The aims of this study were to identify the stressful factors regarding oncology nurses, and to verify what coping strategies they use. Two questionnaires were used: a demographic data inventory, designed by the researcher, and the Folkman and Lazarus coping strategies inventory. The results showed that the main stressful factors for oncology nurses are patient death (28.6%, emergency situations (16.9%, relationship issues with the nursing team (15.5%, and work-process situations (15.5%. In the studied population, the main coping strategy used was positive reappraisal.En la especialidad de Oncología son muchos los factores que pueden conducir al profesional de enfermería al estrés ocupacional. Para tratar de controlar esa situación, el individuo puede utilizar estrategias de coping, que es un esfuerzo cognitivo y de comportamiento utilizado frente a un evento que causa estrés. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron identificar los factores que causan estrés en los enfermeros que actúan en Oncología y verificar las estrategias de coping utilizadas por los mismos. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios: uno para el inventario de datos demográficos construido por la autora y otro para el inventario de estrategias de coping de Folkman y Lazarus. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que los factores considerados más estresantes por los enfermeros de Oncología son: la muerte de los pacientes (28,6%, las situaciones de emergencia (16,9%, los problemas de relación dentro del equipo de enfermería (15,5% y las situaciones relacionadas al proceso de trabajo (15,5%. En la población estudiada, la estrategia de coping más utilizada fue la de reevaluación positiva.Na especialidade

Desarrollo práctico del proceso de captura y tratamiento digital en 3D de imágenes para ser utilizadas en impresión 3D y aplicaciones de animación y realidad aumentada

OpenAIRE

Soler Abelló, Joan

2014-01-01

El desarrollo práctico que se quiere elaborar tiene como objetivo describir paso a paso el proceso de captura o adquisición de datos de formas reales con cámaras capaces de obtener información 3D. Una vez realizada la captura, se deberá proceder a su tratamiento digital en 3D para posteriormente ser utilizadas en aplicaciones de realidad aumentada, animación e impresión 3D. The practical development that it is wanted to develop is to describe step by step the process for data capture or ac...

Ocorrência de Staphylococcus sp. em água utilizada em propriedades leiteiras do Estado de São Paulo Incidence of Staphylococcus sp. in the water used by dairy farms in the State of Sao Paulo

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L.A. Amaral

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de verificar o papel da água utilizada durante a produção do leite como via de transmissão de Staphylococcus sp., fez-se a contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase negativa e Staphylococcus aureus nas amostras de água das fontes, dos reservatórios e dos estábulos de 30 propriedades leiteiras situadas na região Nordeste do Estado de São Paulo. As maiores ocorrências de isolamentos (10,0 e 16,6% e os maiores valores médios (4,3×10(4 e 2,5×10(4 de contagens desses microrganismos foram encontrados nas amostras de água dos estábulos utilizada na obtenção de leite. Estes resultados são importantes pois evidenciam a possibilidade de contaminação do leite ou dos animais por cepas patogênicas.With the objective to verify the role of the water in the transmission of Staphylococcus sp., the counting of coagulase negative staphylococci, and Staphylococcus aureus in the water samples of the sources, reservoirs, and stables of 30 dairy farms, located in the Northeast region of the State of São Paulo was carried out. The major occurrence of coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, 10.0%, and 16.6%, were found in the water used for milking, with the major average of counting of 4.3×10(4 and 2.5×10(4. The results show the risk of water as a vehicle for transmission of mastitis, and the possibility of milk contamination by strains responsible for foodborne diseases.

Plantas hipoglicemiantes utilizadas por comunidades tradicionais na Bacia do Alto Paraguai e Vale do Guaporé, Mato Grosso - Brasil

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M. Macedo

Full Text Available No Brasil, com inúmeras espécies tropicais, evidencia-se o conhecimento e uso da vegetação medicinal pelas comunidades quilombolas, ribeirinhas, rurais, tradicionais e indígenas, que são praticadas até os dias atuais. O Estado de Mato Grosso pela sua localização no Planalto Central brasileiro possui uma variedade destas comunidades, que utilizam estas plantas medicinais, levando em consideração o conhecimento popular passado de geração em geração. Esta pesquisa visa identificar a forma de coleta e os usos desse grupo vegetal indicados pelos usuários. O estudo foi realizado em 15 comunidades tradicionais (não indígenas na Bacia do Alto Paraguai e 2 (duas no Vale do Guaporé. A coleta de dados deu-se através de líderes comunitários, benzedeiras, parteiras e usuários utilizando o método qualitativo, mediante abordagem qualitativa, com auxílio de entrevistas estruturadas, semi-estruturadas e abertas. Dentre as espécies identificadas 17 estacam-se para o tratamento do Diabetes, dentre elas citam-se: Anacadium humile; Bauhinia glabra; Cecropia pachystachya; Hancornia speciosa; Heteropteris aphrodisiaca; Leonotis nepetifolia; Momordica charantia; Solanum lycocarpum. Registra-se ainda que as partes mais utilizadas desses vegetais são: folhas, casca do caule, raiz, planta toda, brotos, óleos dos frutos e polvilho dos frutos. De acordo com os usuários a maioria das plantas não podem ser colhidas após o nascer do sol e o preparo deve ser feito com folhas secas ou que tenham sido submetidas ao processo de secagem sobre o fogão de lenha ou em local abafado.

Evaluación de la actividad antimalárica de algunas plantas utilizadas en la medicina tradicional cubana

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M. RODRíGUEZ-PéREZ

2009-01-01

Full Text Available

La búsqueda de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas es una alta prioridad en la lucha por el control de la malaria. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar extractos preparados a partir de plantas seleccionadas en base a información etnobotánica obtenida de la Medicina Tradicional Cubana. Extractos de seis plantas (Bambusa vulgaris, Parthenium hysterophorus, Melaleuca leucadendron, Indigofera suffruticosa, Artemisia absinthium, Simarouba glauca, fueron evaluados in vitro frente a la cepa F32/Tanzania de Plasmodium falciparum, S. glauca, P. hysterophorus, M. leucadendron y A. absinthium mostraron valores de Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria en el rango de 3,1 a 50 µg/mL, mientras B. vulgaris e I. suffruticosa presentaron valores negativos contra esta cepa. Al evaluar estas cuatro especies in vivo frente a Plasmodium berghei NK65, mostraron mayor actividad inhibidora A. absinthium con un 65,9% de reducción de la parasitemia a la dosis de 500 mg/kg, M. leucadendron con un 50% de reducción a la dosis de 250 mg/kg y S. glauca con una reducción del 43,2% a la dosis de 100 mg/kg. Los extractos que mostraron menor toxicidad fueron A. absinthium, y M. leucadendron. Estos resultados muestran las potencialidades antimaláricas de algunas plantas medicinales utilizadas en Cuba y trazan el camino para estudios posteriores de sus constituyentes químicos activos. Palabras-claves: Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium berghei; plantas antimaláricas; etnobotánico.

QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD: DIGESTIBILIDADE IN VITRO, DESENVOLVIMENTO E ANÁLISE SENSORIAL DE PREPARAÇÕES DESTINADAS A PACIENTES CELÍACOS

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L. I. A. CASTRO

2008-11-01

Full Text Available

A quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd é um pseudocereal isento de glúten, oriundo dos Andes, onde tem sido cultivado há milhares de anos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar sensorialmente algumas preparações contendo quinoa em grãos, flocos e farinha, destinadas ao paciente celíaco, e determinar a digestibilidade in vitro de sua proteína, submetida ou não ao tratamento térmico. As amostras foram avaliadas sensorialmente através de um teste de aceitação utilizando a escala hedônica nominal de 9 pontos. O método utilizado na análise da digestibilidade protéica in vitro foi o da queda de pH após 10 minutos, com a adição das enzimas tripsina e pancreatina às amostras de quinoa, tratadas e não tratadas termicamente. Das sete preparações testadas, seis foram bem aceitas, já que apresentaram um Índice de Aceitabilidade maior que 70%. Os flocos e grãos de quinoa, após serem testados termicamente, tiveram sua digestibilidade otimizada. Portanto, a quinoa e seus derivados podem ser considerados uma boa opção para a alimentação dos indivíduos portadores da doença celíaca.

Characterization of reaction products of iron and iron salts and aqueous plant extracts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jaen, J.A. [Universidad de Panama, Centro de Investigaciones con Tecnicas Nucleares/Depto. de Quimica (Panama); Garcia de Saldana, E.; Hernandez, C. [Universidad de Panama, Maestria en Ciencias Quimicas (Panama)

1999-11-15

The complexes formed in aqueous solution as a result of a reaction of iron and iron salts (Fe{sup 2+} and Fe{sup 3+}) and some plant extracts were analyzed using Moessbauer spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared. The extracts were obtained from Opuntia elatior mill., Acanthocereus pentagonus (L.) Britton, Mimosa tenuiflora, Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd., Bumbacopsis quinata (Jacq.) Dugand and Acacia mangium Willd., plants growing wildly in different zones of the Isthmus of Panama. Results suggest the formation of mono- and bis-type complexes, and in some cases, the occurrence of a redox reaction. The feasibility of application of the studied extracts as atmospheric corrosion inhibitors is discussed.

La relajación como una de las estrategias psicológicas de intervención más utilizadas en la practica clínica actual: Parte I

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Rosa López Fernández

1996-08-01

Full Text Available Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica actualizada del empleo de la relajación como una de las estrategias psicológicas de intervención más utilizada en la práctica clínica actual. El entrenamiento en relajación se emplea prácticamente en todas aquellas situaciones cuyo tratamiento requiere o aconseja la reducción de la actividad simpática del sistema neurovegetativo, de la tensión muscular o del estado de alerta general del organismo. En las investigaciones realizadas aparece con mucha frecuencia su combinación con otras técnicas y su aplicación en personas de todas las edades (niños, adultos y de la tercera edad. Tratar de mencionar su utilización en todas y cada una de las situaciones y enfermedades posibles sería interminable, pero estamos convencidos de su eficacia en el mejoramiento de la salud humana.

Analyzing the carbon dynamics in north western Portugal: calibration and application of Forest-BGC

Science.gov (United States)

Rodrigues, M. A.; Lopes, D. M.; Leite, S. M.; Tabuada, V. M.

2010-04-01

Net primary production (NPP) is an important variable that allows monitoring forestry ecosystems fixation of atmospheric Carbon. The importance of monitoring the sequestred carbon is related to the binding commitments established by the Kyoto Protocol. There are ecophysiologic models, as Forest-BGC that allow for estimating NPP. In a first stage, this study aims to analyze the climate evolution at the Vila Real administrative district during the last decades. The historical information will be observed in order to detect the past tendencies of evolution. Past will help us to predict future. In a next stage these tendencies will be used to infer the impact of these change scenarios on the net primary production of the forest ecosystems from this study area. For a parameterization and validation of the FOREST-BGC, this study was carried on based on 500 m2 sampling plots from the National Forest Inventory 2006 and are located in several County Halls of the district of Vila Real (Montalegre, Chaves, Valpaços, Boticas, Vila Pouca de Aguiar, Murça, Mondim de Basto, Alijó, Sabrosa and Vila Real). In order to quantify Biomass dinamics, we have selected 45 sampling plots: 19 from Pinus pinaster stands, 17 from Quercus pyrenaica and 10 from mixed of Quercus pyrenaica with Pinus pinaster. Adaptation strategies for climate change impacts can be proposed based on these research results.

Monitoring endophyte populations in pine plantations and native oak forests in Northern Spain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martinez-Alvarez, P.; Martin-Garcia, J.; Rodriguez-Ceinos, S.; Diez, J. J.

2012-07-01

The replacement of native forest with plantations of other species may have important impacts on ecosystems. Some of these impacts have been widely studied, but very little is known about the effects on fungal communities and specifically endo phytic fungi. In this study, endophyte assemblages in pine plantations (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra and P. pinaster) and native oak forests (Quercus pyrenaica) in the north of the province of Palencia (Spain) were analyzed. For this purpose, samples of needles/leaves and twigs were collected from three trees in each of three plots sampled per host species. The samples were later processed in the laboratory to identify all of the endo phytic species present. In addition, an exhaustive survey was carried out of the twelve sites to collect data on the environmental, crown condition, dendrometric and soil variables that may affect the distribution of the fungi. The endophyte assemblages isolated from P. sylvestris and P. nigra were closely related to each other, but were different from those isolated from P. pinaster. The endophytes isolated from Q. pyrenaica were less closely related to those from the other hosts, and therefore preservation of oak stands is important to prevent the loss of fungal diversity. Finally, the distribution of the endophyte communities was related to some of the environmental variables considered. (Author) 42 refs.

Revival of extinct species using nuclear transfer: hope for the mammoth, true for the Pyrenean ibex, but is it time for "conservation cloning"?

Science.gov (United States)

Piña-Aguilar, Raul E; Lopez-Saucedo, Janet; Sheffield, Richard; Ruiz-Galaz, Lilia I; Barroso-Padilla, Jose de J; Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Antonio

2009-09-01

Recent accomplishments in the fields of nuclear transfer and genomics, such as the cloned offspring production from frozen mouse cells, cryopreserved at not too low temperatures without cryoprotectors; or the sequencing of wooly mammoth genome, have opened the opportunity for the revival of extinct species. As expected, they are receiving a lot of publicity in the media and also scientific attention. Furthermore, it was recently published the "revival" of the first extinct subspecie: the Pyrenean ibex (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica), a wild goat extinct in 2000. This strengthens the field of cloning as it had been tarnished by induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) and other methods of reprogramming. However, for biological conservation purposes, cloning is not generally accepted as an alternative for animal conservation, and there is an ongoing debate between reproductive scientists and conservation specialists. Although we believe that nuclear transfer technologies have an opportunity in conservation efforts for some species that are on the brink of extinction and that population status, geographical isolation, reproductive characteristics, and human pressure create a situation that is almost unsustainable. In this article we discuss the barriers in cloning mammoths and cloning controversies in conservation from a zoological perspective, citing the species that might benefit from nuclear transfer techniques in the arduous journey so as not to disappear forever from this, our world.

Estudio de la estructura logica utilizada en la ensenanza y el aprendizaje de los conceptos sobre el comportamiento de gases en el curso introductorio de quimica a nivel universitario

Science.gov (United States)

Costa Diaz, Agnes

El estudio que se presenta es de caracter cualitativo, un estudio multicasos donde se estudia la estructura logica utilizada por cuatro (4) profesores universitarios que ensenan el curso introductorio de quimica, en la planificacion, presentacion y evaluacion del tema sobre el comportamiento de los gases. Se utilizaron varias fuentes de informacion como: cuestionarios de profesores y estudiantes, entrevistas, grabaciones videomagnetofonicas, materiales didacticos y una prueba conceptual, entre otros. La informacion recopilada fue analizada de acuerdo al orden logico del contenido presentado, el estilo de ensenanza del profesor, las tecnicas y estrategias utilizadas para el desarrollo de destrezas de pensamiento, el ambiente fisico en el salon de clase y los instrumentos de evaluacion y avaluo. El estudio demuestra que lo que los profesores piensan y planifican para hacer sus presentaciones no necesariamente es lo que ocurre en el salon de clases. El desarrollo de destrezas de pensamiento, que constituye una prioridad de los profesores, no se elaboran efectivamente. El uso de las estrategias de resolucion de problemas numericos predomino. La participacion del estudiante en el salon de clases fue limitada y no se logro demostrar el desarrollo de las destrezas de pensamiento deseadas. Aunque los profesores tienen su propio estilo de ensenanza, el orden logico del contenido presentado en clase fue el mismo o siguio muy de cerca el orden establecido por el libro de texto. Los profesores utilizaron preferentemente la tiza y la pizarra para sus presentaciones y la dinamica en el salon de clases fue esencialmente tradicional. Los profesores hicieron su presentacion y los estudiantes copiaron pasivamente la informacion. Las evaluaciones de los estudiantes fueron esencialmente, pruebas escritas de seleccion multiple de acuerdo con el estilo en que se les enseno. El avaluo fue casi inexistente. La prueba conceptual administrada revela un aprendizaje pobre en los conceptos mas

Analysis of the Impact of Isoquinoline Alkaloids, Derived from Macleaya cordata Extract, on the Development and Innate Immune Response in Swine and Poultry

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Hengjia Ni

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Medicinal extract has been chronicled extensively in traditional Chinese medicine. Isoquinoline alkaloids, extract of Macleaya cordata (Willd. R. Br., have been used as feed additive in both swine and poultry. Dietary supplementation with isoquinoline alkaloids increases feed intake and weight gain. In addition, recent researches have demonstrated that isoquinoline alkaloids can regulate metabolic processes, innate immune system, and digestive functioning in animals. This review summarizes the latest scientific researches on isoquinoline alkaloids which are extracted from Macleaya cordata (Willd. R. Br. This review specifically focuses on its role as a feed supplement and its associated impact on growth performance and innate immune system, as well as its capacity to act as a substitute for oral antibiotics.

Morphological and physiological responses of two varieties of a highland species (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) growing under near-ambient and strongly reduced solar UV-B in a lowland location.

Science.gov (United States)

González, Juan A; Rosa, Mariana; Parrado, María F; Hilal, Mirna; Prado, Fernando E

2009-08-03

Morphological and physiological responses of seedlings to different solar UV-B irradiances were evaluated in two varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a crop species from Andean region of South America. Cristalina and Chucapaca varieties were grown at 1965m a.s.l in a glasshouse under natural light conditions for 18 days, and then transferred to outdoors under near-ambient (+UV-B) and strongly reduced (-UV-B) solar UV-B radiation. Exposition to -UV-B increased cotyledon area and seedling height in Cristalina variety whereas leaf number decreased compared to +UV-B. By contrast Chucapaca variety was not affected by UV-B treatments. Seedling fresh weight (FW), root length and leaf thickness did not show significant differences between +UV-B and -UV-B treatments. Mesophyll tissue was slightly affected by solar UV-B reduction. Chlorophyll content was differentially affected by UV-B treatments. Under +UV-B the highest value was observed in Cristalina variety, while in Chucapaca it was observed under -UV-B treatment. Chlorophyll content was slightly higher in leaves than in cotyledons, but there was no difference in the distribution pattern. Chlorophyll a/b ratio and carotenoid content did not show significant differences between UV-B treatments. Leaf UVB-absorbing compounds showed significant differences between UV-B treatments in Chucapaca only, while there were no significant differences in Cristalina variety. UVB-absorbing compounds of cotyledons did not show significant differences between +UV-B and -UV-B treatments. Sucrose, glucose and fructose showed different distribution patterns in cotyledons and leaves of the two varieties under near-ambient and strongly reduced UV-B. Results demonstrated that varieties of quinoa exhibit different morphological and physiological responses to changes in solar UV-B irradiance, but these responses cannot be used to predict the sensitivity to solar UV-B during a short-term exposition. Also, this study can be useful to

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. versus soja (Glycine max [L.] Merr. en la nutrición humana: revisión sobre las características agroecológicas, de composición y tecnológicas

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Diana Maria Chito Trujillo

2017-07-01

Full Text Available El diseño de alimentos funcionales a partir de productos vegetales muy estudiados como la soja (Glycine max [L.] Merr. y la potencialización de productos ancestrales como la quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. son estrategias factibles para contrarrestar la desnutrición mundial. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir las características agroecológicas, de composición, nutricionales y tecnológicas de estas dos especies vegetales diferentes (leguminosa y pseudocereal, basado en las publicaciones previas. Se realizó una revisión en bases de datos (Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo y se complementó con una búsqueda manual en Google Scholar y páginas web de instituciones acreditadas. Los estudios incluidos (n=117 en esta revisión muestran que la soja se adapta mejor a altitudes bajas (~1.000 m s. n. m., mientras que la quinoa lo hace en un rango de mayores altitudes (500-4.000 m s. n. m. con mayor tolerancia a heladas. Ambas son fuente de una alta calidad proteica por suplir los requerimientos de aminoácidos esenciales sugeridos para niños y adultos sin diferencias significativas (p>0,05, particularmente triptófano y lisina y por los altos porcentajes de digestibilidad (>70%. Sus concentraciones bajas de prolaminas y aceptables de Fe, Zn, Ca, daidzeína y genisteína los convierten en productos de interés para la industria alimentaria.

Crescimento e acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas espontâneas e por leguminosas utilizadas para adubação verde

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C. Favero

2000-03-01

Full Text Available As espécies vegetais espontâneas, nas áreas de cultivo agrícola, têm sido tratadas como "plantas daninhas", "ervas invasoras", "inços" e outras denominações, do ponto de vista dos prejuízos que podem acarretar às espécies cultivadas. No entanto, as espontâneas podem promover os mesmos efeitos de proteção do solo e ciclagem de nutrientes que espécies cultivadas ou introduzidas para adubação verde. O crescimento e o acúmulo de nutrientes pela parte aérea de espontâneas e de leguminosas utilizadas como adubos verdes foram medidos em um experimento de campo em Sete Lagoas (MG, na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. O experimento consistiu de cinco espécies de leguminosas (feijão-de-porco, feijão-bravo do Ceará, mucuna-preta, lab-lab e guandu, submetidas a duas condições de manejo (com e sem capina, e uma testemunha (somente espontâneas. No florescimento das leguminosas, foram obtidos a massa da matéria seca e o teor de nutrientes da parte aérea de cada espécie de leguminosa e das espontâneas presentes nas parcelas. O sistema com apenas as espontâneas produziu menos biomassa e acumulou menos nutrientes que os sistemas com leguminosas. Foram poucas as espontâneas que apresentaram teores de carbono, cálcio e nitrogênio próximos ou superiores aos das leguminosas. No entanto, para potássio, magnésio e fósforo, ocorreu o inverso. A maioria das espontâneas apresentou teores de potássio, magnésio e de fósforo superiores aos das leguminosas, destacando-se: Portulaca oleracea, Euphorbia heterophylla, Bidens pilosa, Commelina benghalensis e Melanpodium perfoliatum.

(Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Fisiologia Vegetal

2016-11-02

Nov 2, 2016 ... metabolism, is a phenomenon that occurs in large extensions of arable areas ..... Effect of salinity on antioxidant responses of chickpea seedlings. ... Osmoregulation and antioxidant metabolism in drought-stressed. Helianthus ...

Validación por hidrodensitometría de ecuaciones de pliegues cutáneos utilizadas para estimar la composición corporal en mujeres

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Juan Carlos Aristizábal

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Las ecuaciones de pliegues cutáneos son ampliamente utilizadas para estimar la composición corporal; sin embargo, en nuestra población no se han validado contra un método de referencia. Objetivo. Validar por hidrodensitometría las ecuaciones de Durning/Womersley, Jackson/Pollock y Ramírez/Torun en mujeres de 18 a 40 años. Materiales y métodos. Se comparó el porcentaje de grasa de 52 mujeres obtenido por hidrodensitometría, medición simultánea del peso bajo el agua (báscula Chatillon y del volumen pulmonar residual (espirómetro VMAX 22 Sensormedics, con el estimado por las ecuaciones de pliegues cutáneos (calibrador Harpenden de Durning/Womersley, Jackson/Pollock y Ramírez/Torun. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron la t de Student pareada, los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson e intraclase, y el método de Bland-Altman. Resultados. El porcentaje de grasa obtenido por hidrodensitometría (29,6±5,8 presentó diferencias (p Conclusión. Las ecuaciones de pliegues cutáneos presentaron pobre validez en la predicción del porcentaje de grasa, con diferencias significativas con la hidrodensitometría, una baja concordancia y unos amplios límites de ésta, lo cual, sugiere que sus resultados no son comparables ni intercambiables con este método.

Reading strategies used by undergraduates from different areas to read study textsEstratégias de leitura utilizadas por licenciandos de áreas distintas para lerem textos de estudo

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Elsa Maria Mendes Pessoa Pullin

2010-09-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho, de natureza exploratória, objetivou investigar as estratégias de leitura utilizadas por alunos matriculados em distintos cursos de licenciatura de uma IES pública. A opção para a seleção de alunos de licenciatura deve-se a que eles, como futuros professores, independente da disciplina que venham a ministrar, serão responsáveis pela formação de seus alunos como leitores. Os alunos participantes (N=366 encontravam-se matriculados no primeiro e quarto ano dos cursos de Biologia (n=59, Filosofia (n=32, Geografia (n=124, Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas (n=106 e Matemática (n=45. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a Escala de Estratégias de Leitura, traduzida e adaptada por Kopke Filho, e informado que, ao responderem, deveriam ter por foco a leitura dos textos prescritos em seu curso. Comparações entre as séries e áreas dos cursos foram realizadas. De modo geral, os resultados assinalam que alunos do último ano do curso informam utilizar com mais frequência estratégias de leitura que favorecem uma leitura mais apropriada dos textos acadêmicos prescritos. A necessidade de os professores do Ensino Superior se preocuparem ensinar os alunos a lerem os textos que prescrevem é ressaltada.This work was exploratory in nature, aimed at investigating the reading strategies used by students enrolled in different degree courses of a public University. The option of selecting undergraduate students was due to the fact that they, as future teachers, will be responsible for training their students as readers, regardless the subject they teach. The participating students (N = 366 were enrolled in the freshman and senior year in the courses of Biology (n=59, Geography (n=124, Languages (n=106, Mathematics (n =45 and Philosophy (n=32. In order to collect data it was used the Scale of Reading Strategies, translated and adapted by Kopke Son. The participants were informed that the answers should focus the reading of the

Leishmaniose visceral canina: avaliação da metodologia sorológica utilizada em inquéritos epidemiológicos

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Carlos A. da Costa

1991-03-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo comparativo da reação de imunofluorescência indireta em eluatos de sangue de cães infectados experimentalmente com diferentes tripanosomatídeos. Utilizaram-se como antigenopromastigotas de L. mexicana, L. braziliensis e L. chagasi. Os resultados mostraram que a sensibilidade do método foi de 87,5% para o diagnóstico do calazar canino, independentemente do antigeno empregado; e que ocorre reação cruzada com Leishmaniose tegumentar em 75% dos casos e com doença de Chagas em 83,3%. Levantamento epidemiológico em área de leishmaniose confirma que a reação de imunofluorescência em eluatos de sangue canino fornece reações cruzadas em cães infectados com Leishmania braziliensis e L. chagasi. Não se verificou reação cruzada pela RFC. Sugere-se a utilização da reação de imunofluorescência nas campanhas de saúde pública, mas é de se chamar a atenção para o fato de que as taxas de positividade não devem ser utilizadas como indicadores da prevalência do calazar canino.A comparative study was made of eluates of the blood of dogs experimentally infected with different trypanosomatids. Using antigens prepared from promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana, L. braziliensis and L. chagasi, assessments were made by the indirect immunofluorescence test. The results showed a sensitivity of 87,5% in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis, independent of antigen used. Cross-reactions occurred in 75% of cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and 83,3% of dogs with chagas' disease. An epidemiological survey in an area of leishmaniasis confirmed that immunofluorescence tests on eluates of dogs' blood give cross-reactions between L. braziliensis and L. chagasi. The results suggest that such testing could be useful in public health campaigns but attention is drawn to thefact that the level ofpositive reactions cannot be used as an indicator of the prevalence of canine kala-azar.

Demonstração do valor adicionado-DVA: contribuição ao estudo das empresas de maior agregação social do nordeste, através do uso da análise discriminante utilizada no termômetro de Kanitz

OpenAIRE

Ferreira da Silva, Aguinaldo

2011-01-01

Esta pesquisa intitulada Demonstração do Valor Adicionado DVA: Contribuição ao estudo das empresas de maior agregação social do Nordeste, através do uso da Análise Discriminante utilizada no Termômetro de Kanitz objetivou responder à questão: Poderá o modelo de previsão utilizado no Termômetro de Kanitz ranquear o nível de comprometimento social das vinte e uma maiores empresas do Nordeste? As empresas objeto desta pesquisa foram selecionadas de um estudo técnico, delimi...

Transmission of a pestivirus infection in a population of Pyrenean chamois.

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Pioz, Maryline; Loison, Anne; Gibert, Philippe; Dubray, Dominique; Menaut, Pierre; Le Tallec, Bertrand; Artois, Marc; Gilot-Fromont, Emmanuelle

2007-01-17

Outbreaks of a previously unrecorded disease have recently affected Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) populations across the mountain range. A pestivirus was hypothesized to be the cause of this emerging disease and this type of virus can cross the species barrier and be transmitted to or from wildlife. Using an epidemiological survey conducted from 1995 to 2004 at Orlu, France, we characterized the virus and analyzed its transmission. A phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences and virus neutralization tests showed that the virus belonged to the newly described border disease virus-4 group. The increase of seroprevalence with age indicated that infection can occur at any age and resulted in lifelong immunity. Overall, 70.3% of 323 samples were positive for anti-p80 antibodies and 10.2% of 167 samples showed viremia, as demonstrated by either positive ELISA antigen test or RT-PCR. Infection has thus been widespread in this population since 1995, whereas no mass mortality or clinical signs have been observed. Incidence and seroprevalence varied seasonally and according to number of individuals aged less than 2 years old in the population, so viral transmission was dependent on host population age structure. We propose that the virus is now endemic in this population and is likely detrimental for reproduction and juveniles. Further investigation is needed to estimate the impact of pestivirus on host population dynamics and the risk of cross-transmission to farm animals.

Proanthocyanidin Characterization, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Three Plants Commonly Used in Traditional Medicine in Costa Rica: Petiveria alliaceae L., Phyllanthus niruri L. and Senna reticulata Willd.

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Mirtha Navarro

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The phenolic composition of aerial parts from Petiveria alliaceae L., Phyllanthus niruri L. and Senna reticulata Willd., species commonly used in Costa Rica as traditional medicines, was studied using UPLC-ESI-TQ-MS on enriched-phenolic extracts. Comparatively, higher values of total phenolic content (TPC, as measured by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, were observed for P. niruri extracts (328.8 gallic acid equivalents/g than for S. reticulata (79.30 gallic acid equivalents/g whereas P. alliaceae extract showed the lowest value (13.45 gallic acid equivalents/g. A total of 20 phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins were identified in the extracts, including hydroxybenzoic acids (benzoic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, gallic, prochatechuic, salicylic, syringic and vanillic acids; hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, ferulic, and p-coumaric acids; and flavan-3-ols monomers [(+-catechin and (−-epicatechin]. Regarding proanthocyanidin oligomers, five procyanidin dimers (B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5 and one trimer (T2 are reported for the first time in P. niruri, as well as two propelargonidin dimers in S. reticulata. Additionally, P. niruri showed the highest antioxidant DPPH and ORAC values (IC50 of 6.4 μg/mL and 6.5 mmol TE/g respectively, followed by S. reticulata (IC50 of 72.9 μg/mL and 2.68 mmol TE/g respectively and P. alliaceae extract (IC50 >1000 μg/mL and 1.32 mmol TE/g respectively. Finally, cytotoxicity and selectivity on gastric AGS and colon SW20 adenocarcinoma cell lines were evaluated and the best values were also found for P. niruri (SI = 2.8, followed by S. reticulata (SI = 2.5. Therefore, these results suggest that extracts containing higher proanthocyanidin content also show higher bioactivities. Significant positive correlation was found between TPC and ORAC (R2 = 0.996 as well as between phenolic content as measured by UPLC-DAD and ORAC (R2 = 0.990. These findings show evidence for the first time of the diversity of phenolic acids in P. alliaceae and S

Proanthocyanidin Characterization, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Three Plants Commonly Used in Traditional Medicine in Costa Rica: Petiveria alliaceae L., Phyllanthus niruri L. and Senna reticulata Willd.

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Navarro, Mirtha; Moreira, Ileana; Arnaez, Elizabeth; Quesada, Silvia; Azofeifa, Gabriela; Alvarado, Diego; Monagas, Maria J.

2017-01-01

The phenolic composition of aerial parts from Petiveria alliaceae L., Phyllanthus niruri L. and Senna reticulata Willd., species commonly used in Costa Rica as traditional medicines, was studied using UPLC-ESI-TQ-MS on enriched-phenolic extracts. Comparatively, higher values of total phenolic content (TPC), as measured by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, were observed for P. niruri extracts (328.8 gallic acid equivalents/g) than for S. reticulata (79.30 gallic acid equivalents/g) whereas P. alliaceae extract showed the lowest value (13.45 gallic acid equivalents/g). A total of 20 phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins were identified in the extracts, including hydroxybenzoic acids (benzoic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, gallic, prochatechuic, salicylic, syringic and vanillic acids); hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, ferulic, and p-coumaric acids); and flavan-3-ols monomers [(+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin)]. Regarding proanthocyanidin oligomers, five procyanidin dimers (B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5) and one trimer (T2) are reported for the first time in P. niruri, as well as two propelargonidin dimers in S. reticulata. Additionally, P. niruri showed the highest antioxidant DPPH and ORAC values (IC50 of 6.4 μg/mL and 6.5 mmol TE/g respectively), followed by S. reticulata (IC50 of 72.9 μg/mL and 2.68 mmol TE/g respectively) and P. alliaceae extract (IC50 >1000 μg/mL and 1.32 mmol TE/g respectively). Finally, cytotoxicity and selectivity on gastric AGS and colon SW20 adenocarcinoma cell lines were evaluated and the best values were also found for P. niruri (SI = 2.8), followed by S. reticulata (SI = 2.5). Therefore, these results suggest that extracts containing higher proanthocyanidin content also show higher bioactivities. Significant positive correlation was found between TPC and ORAC (R2 = 0.996) as well as between phenolic content as measured by UPLC-DAD and ORAC (R2 = 0.990). These findings show evidence for the first time of the diversity of phenolic acids in P. alliaceae and S

Influence of natural and synthetic vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on primary and secondary metabolites and associated metabolism in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants under water deficit regimes.

Science.gov (United States)

Aziz, Aniqa; Akram, Nudrat Aisha; Ashraf, Muhammad

2018-02-01

Phytoextracts are being widely used these days as a source of bioactive compounds for mitigating the harmful effects of abiotic stresses including drought stress. In this study, it was assessed how far foliar applied pure synthetic ascorbic acid (AsA) or natural sweet orange juice (OJ) enriched with AsA could mitigate the drought stress induced adverse effects on growth and some key metabolic processes in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.; cultivar V 9 ) plants. Two weeks old quinoa seedlings were subjected to varying irrigation regimes as control [100% field capacity (FC)] and drought stress (60% FC, 40% FC and 20% FC). After one month of water deficit treatments, various levels of ascorbic acid (150 mg L -1 AsA or 25% OJ) besides control [distilled water (DW) and no spray (NS)] were applied as a foliar spray. After 15 days of AsA application, different physio-biochemical attributes were measured. The results showed that water deficit markedly decreased plant growth, relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic rate, total carotenoids (CAR) and total flavonoids, while it increased relative membrane permeability (RMP), intrinsic AsA content, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), glycinebetaine (GB), total phenolics, total soluble proteins (TSP), total free amino acids, activities of key antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD)], total soluble sugars (TSS), reducing (RS) and non-reducing sugars (NRS). Most obvious results of most of these parameters were observed at 40% and 20% FC. Foliar-applied pure 150 mg L -1 AsA and 25% OJ were found to be very effective in improving plant growth, RMP, photosynthetic rate, CAR, proline, AsA, MDA, GB, TSP, free amino acids, SOD, POD, TSS, RS, NRS and total flavonoids. It was noticed that 25% OJ enriched with AsA and other essential nutrients and biomolecules was as efficient as 150 mg L -1 AsA in reducing the adverse effects of drought stress on quinoa plants. So, it was concluded

La etnografía utilizada en una investigación en enfermería: La construcción de una "descripción densa" Ethnography in nursing research: The construction of a "dense description"

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Adelina Giacomelli Prochnow

2009-03-01

Full Text Available La etnografía ha sido utilizada con frecuencia en la investigación en el campo de la enfermería. Así mismo, es considerada por muchos investigadores como un método destinado a estudiar culturas exóticas o grupos sociales de desfavorecidos. Este artículo pretende compartir las experiencias de los autores con la utilización de la etnografía como abordaje metodológico, en una investigación sobre las perspectivas culturales en el ejercicio del liderazgo del enfermero, considerando el contexto hospitalario. La fundamentación teórica y metodológica utilizada como base en la investigación fue la Antropología Interpretativa de Cliffort Geertz. Se realizan consideraciones conceptuales y prácticas de la construcción del análisis etnográfico, el cual comprendió la utilización de las técnicas de investigación, observación participante y encuesta semi-estructurada, permitiendo la construcción de una "descripción densa" del objeto en cuestión. La etnografía es destacada como una posibilidad a utilizarse en el estudio de los fenómenos del trabajo y de la gestión en enfermería.The ethnography has been often used in nursing researches. However, it is still considered by many researchers as a scientific method for studies of exotic cultures or poorer social groups. This paper aims to report and share its authors’ experiences with the use of the ethnography as a methodological approach in the investigation one tried to understand the cultural perspectives that involve the leadership practice of the nurse in the hospital context. The theoretical and methodological approach used in this investigation was the Interpretative Anthropology by Clifford Geertz. There are conceptual and practical considerations which are vivified in the construct of the ethnographic analysis, which involved the use of research techniques participant observation and semi-structured interview, allowing the construction of a "dense description" of the object

Influencia del Burnout, la calidad de vida y los factores socioeconómicos en las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los profesionales y auxiliares de enfermería

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Francoise Contreras T.

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del síndrome de Burnout y la calidad de vida, así como las variables socioeconómicas, en los estilos de afrontamiento utilizados por 71 trabajadores de la salud (52,1% enfermeros y 47,9% auxiliares de enfermería. Se aplicó el cuestionario de salud (SF-36, el cuestionario de afrontamiento al estrés (CAE y el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI. De acuerdo con los resultados, la presencia de Burnout fue baja (77,5% sin Burnout, la calidad vida estuvo reducida en las dimensiones de vitalidad, dolor corporal y salud general, y las estrategias más utilizadas fueron la focalización en la solución de problemas y la reevalución positiva. El incremento en la calidad de vida, la reducción en la severidad de los síntomas de Burnout, pertenecer al género femenino, tener menor edad y ser enfermera son predictores significativos (regresión cúbica del incremento en el uso de todas las estrategias de afrontamiento, especialmente la focalización en la solución de problemas y la reevaluación positiva.

Nitrogeno fekalaren inplikazio nutritiboak : Nafarroako sarrioaren (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica adbidea

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GARIN, I., ALDEZABAL, A., HERRERO, J.

1998-01-01

Full Text Available La calidad de la dieta es uno de los factores más determinantes en el estado de las poblaciones de la fauna silvestre. Debido a que el nitrógeno es escaso en las plantas, el contenido de N del alimento de los herbívoros puede considerarse como índice de la calidad de la dieta. El N de la dieta está directamente relacionado con el N fecal, por lo que la calidad de la dieta de una población puede estimarse a través del análisis de sus heces. Según lo observado en ciertos ungulados, la calidad de la dieta está relacionada con la calidad de las plantas disponibles, y de este modo, es posible categorizar las épocas y ambientes de acuerdo a la calidad de la dieta que los animales obtienen de ellos. El patrón anual del nitrógeno fecal en el sarrio de Navarra es similar al de otros ungulados de latitudes templadas, es decir, los valores más altos en primavera/verano y los más bajos en otoño/invierno. Por otro lado, los valores máximos estimados son similares a los mayores encontrados en los Pirineos, y en consecuencia, sugerimos que ello afecta positivamente en la evolución poblacional del sarrio en Navarra, aunque es necesario un seguimiento de las variaciones anuales del nitrógeno fecal para obtener una idea apropiada de la calidad de la dieta.

Elevated level of polysaccharides in a high level UV-B tolerant cell ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jane

2011-04-26

Apr 26, 2011 ... A cell line of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd with high level ... mechanisms to repair UV-induced damages via repairing ... for treatment or prevention of solar radiation. ..... working as both UV-B absorbing compounds and.

Desenvolvimento inicial de Erythrina velutina sob restrição hídrica

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Mychelle Karla Teixeira de Oliveira

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Erythrina velutina Willd. é uma espécie arbórea, nativa do nordeste brasileiro, utilizada como ornamental e empregada em programas de reflorestamento. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi obter informações sobre o desenvolvimento de E. velutina sob restrição hídrica. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com quatro repetições. Foram utilizados dois manejos de irrigação (sem e com estresse hídrico. Aos 56 dias após o transplantio, as mudas foram submetidas por 14 dias completos de restrição hídrica. Ao longo do experimento foram realizadas cinco coletas de mudas a serem avaliadas aos 28, 42, 56, 70 e 84 dias após o transplantio. As mudas foram analisadas quanto ao comprimento da parte aérea, número de folhas, diâmetro do coleto, área foliar e massa seca do caule, das folhas, das raízes, da parte aérea, da massa seca total e da relação entre a massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes. As mudas de E. velutina possuem potencial de desenvolvimento de características xeromórficas para o uso conservador de água por meio de diferentes adaptações morfológicas, como desfolha e maior desenvolvimento de raízes. As mudas de E. velutina devem ser produzidas sem restrição hídrica.

QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA UTILIZADA PARA CONSUMO EM ESCOLAS E CRECHES NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS - SP

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Paola Andressa SCURACCHIO

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Sabe-se da importância de se tratar a água destinada ao consumo humano, pois alterações nas características física, química e/ou microbiológica tem sido associadas a diversos problemas de saúde, além disso, a qualidade da água destinada ao consumo humano deve atender aos padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos pela Portaria n. 518/2004 do Ministério da Saúde. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade da água utilizada em escolas e creches municipais da cidade de São Carlos – SP. Foram selecionados 31 estabelecimentos de ensino sendo 17 escolas e 14 creches, em cada uma delas foram colhidas duas amostras de água em três pontos distintos – 62 no ponto de entrada da rede, 62 do reservatório e 62 de filtros domésticos - totalizando 186 amostras, com intervalo de três meses, para verificar possíveis diferenças nos pontos de colheita e em ocasiões diferentes. As amostras foram avaliadas para os seguintes parâmetros: presença de coliformes totais, Escherichia coli, contagem de bactérias heterotróficas mesó- filas, determinação do pH, turbidez, cor, concentração de flúor e de cloro residual livre. O maior número de amostras fora do padrão para coliformes totais foi proveniente dos filtros e da rede, para bactérias heterotróficas a maior parte das amostras fora do padrão foi colhida nos filtros. Nas análises físico-químicas o maior número de amostras fora do padrão ocorreu na rede para pH, na rede e no filtro para flúor, no filtro para cloro residual livre e no reservatório para turbidez. O parâmetro com maior número de amostras inadequadas foi flúor. É necessário maior atenção com a conservação, limpeza e manutenção dos reservatórios prediais e filtros nas escolas e creches de São Carlos, visto que, a água analisada estava imprópria para o consumo.

Plantas medicinais utilizadas pela população do município de Lagarto- SE, Brasil – ênfase em pacientes oncológicos

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N.L.B. CAETANO

2015-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMO A utilização de plantas com fins medicinais é uma das mais antigas formas de prática medicinal da humanidade. Entretanto, o conceito de “natural” contribui para o pensamento popular e errôneo de que Plantas Medicinais (PM são sinônimos de produtos seguros, o qual pode ocasionar no desenvolvimento de efeitos adversos ou interações medicamentosas. Neste contexto, foi realizado levantamento etnofarmacológico das Plantas Medicinais (PM utilizadas no município de Lagarto, SE, Brasil, com ênfase de seu uso por pacientes oncológicos. Um total de 706 moradores foram entrevistados. Foram citadas 80 plantas, das quais 57 foram identificadas em nosso laboratório. O uso de plantas medicinais (MP para fins terapêuticos foi relatada por 336 (47,65% entrevistados. As MPs mais utilizados foram: Erva-Cidreira (Lippiaalba (Mill N. E. Brown - 103, 30,8%, Boldo (Plectranthus barbatus Andr. - 53, 15,7%, e Capim-Santo (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C. Stapf - 49, 14,6%. Dos entrevistados que relataram o uso de MPs, metade (360, 50,95% comunicaram ao médico, mas não receberam orientações específicas. As doenças crônicas mais comuns identificadas foram: hipertensão arterial (144, 20,34%, câncer (55, 7,81% e diabetes (41, 5,89%. Dos pacientes com câncer, cerca de 40% (22 relataram utilizar PMs concomitante com quimioterapia, dado alarmante, visto a possibilidade de interações medicamentosas entre PMs e antineoplásicos. Diante desses dados, foi observado o uso de PM pela população de Lagarto, SE, e por pacientes oncológicos dessa região, porém, sem os mesmos receberem orientações de um profissional qualificado.

Registro da Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae em Mulungu (Erythrina velutina no Viveiro de Mudas de Espécies Florestais Nativas em São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil

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Maria Emilene Correia de Oliveira

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo. Entre os anos de 2005 e 2007, foram observados mensalmente os danos causados por lagartas sobre as plantas Erythrina velutina (Willd. no município de São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brasil. As mudas com os danos foram levadas ao laboratório, com o objetivo de caracterizar os danos e identificar a praga. Esta foi identificada como Agathodes designalis (Guenée, encontrada em 35% das plantas em 2005 e 49% em 2007, causando danos da base para o ápice. Este é o primeiro registro de A. designalis atacando E. velutina no Estado de Sergipe, Brasil.Registration of the Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae in Mulungu (Erythrina velutina (Willd. in the Nursery of Seedlings of Native Forest Species in São Cristovão’s District, Sergipe, BrazilAbstract. Among the years 2005 to 2007, it was observed monthly the damaged caused by caterpillars on the Erythrina velutina (Willd. plants in São Cristovão’s District, Sergipe, Brazil. The damaged seedlings were taken to the laboratory, with the objective to characterize the damage and identify the insect pest. It was identified as Agathodes designalis (Guenée, found in 35% of plants in 2005 and 49% in 2007, causing damage to the base for the higher. It was the first record of the A. designalis attacking on E. velutina in Sergipe State, Brazil.

Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used in the Management of HIV/AIDS-Related Diseases in Livingstone, Southern Province, Zambia

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Kazhila C. Chinsembu

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Faced with critical shortages of staff, long queues, and stigma at public health facilities in Livingstone, Zambia, persons who suffer from HIV/AIDS-related diseases use medicinal plants to manage skin infections, diarrhoea, sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, cough, malaria, and oral infections. In all, 94 medicinal plant species were used to manage HIV/AIDS-related diseases. Most remedies are prepared from plants of various families such as Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Lamiaceae. More than two-thirds of the plants (mostly leaves and roots are utilized to treat two or more diseases related to HIV infection. Eighteen plants, namely, Achyranthes aspera L., Lannea discolor (Sond. Engl., Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart., Asparagus racemosus Willd., Capparis tomentosa Lam., Cleome hirta Oliv., Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson, Euclea divinorum Hiern, Bridelia cathartica G. Bertol., Acacia nilotica Delile, Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach. Milne-Redh., Dichrostachys cinerea (L. Wight and Arn., Abrus precatorius L., Hoslundia opposita Vahl., Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd. Schumach., Ficus sycomorus L., Ximenia americana L., and Ziziphus mucronata Willd., were used to treat four or more disease conditions. About 31% of the plants in this study were administered as monotherapies. Multiuse medicinal plants may contain broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. However, since widely used plants easily succumb to the threats of overharvesting, they need special protocols and guidelines for their genetic conservation. There is still need to confirm the antimicrobial efficacies, pharmacological parameters, cytotoxicity, and active chemical ingredients of the discovered plants.

Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used in the Management of HIV/AIDS-Related Diseases in Livingstone, Southern Province, Zambia.

Science.gov (United States)

Chinsembu, Kazhila C

2016-01-01

Faced with critical shortages of staff, long queues, and stigma at public health facilities in Livingstone, Zambia, persons who suffer from HIV/AIDS-related diseases use medicinal plants to manage skin infections, diarrhoea, sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, cough, malaria, and oral infections. In all, 94 medicinal plant species were used to manage HIV/AIDS-related diseases. Most remedies are prepared from plants of various families such as Combretaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Lamiaceae. More than two-thirds of the plants (mostly leaves and roots) are utilized to treat two or more diseases related to HIV infection. Eighteen plants, namely, Achyranthes aspera L., Lannea discolor (Sond.) Engl., Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart., Asparagus racemosus Willd., Capparis tomentosa Lam., Cleome hirta Oliv., Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson, Euclea divinorum Hiern, Bridelia cathartica G. Bertol., Acacia nilotica Delile, Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh., Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight and Arn., Abrus precatorius L., Hoslundia opposita Vahl., Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd.) Schumach., Ficus sycomorus L., Ximenia americana L., and Ziziphus mucronata Willd., were used to treat four or more disease conditions. About 31% of the plants in this study were administered as monotherapies. Multiuse medicinal plants may contain broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. However, since widely used plants easily succumb to the threats of overharvesting, they need special protocols and guidelines for their genetic conservation. There is still need to confirm the antimicrobial efficacies, pharmacological parameters, cytotoxicity, and active chemical ingredients of the discovered plants.

Establishment Success of Coexisting Native and Exotic Trees Under an Experimental Gradient of Irradiance and Soil Moisture

Science.gov (United States)

González-Muñoz, Noelia; Castro-Díez, Pilar; Fierro-Brunnenmeister, Natalia

2011-10-01

The exotic trees Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer negundo and Elaeagnus angustifolia coexist with the native trees Fraxinus angustifolia and Ulmus minor in river banks of central Spain. Similarly, the exotic trees Acacia dealbata and Eucalyptus globulus co-occur with the natives Quercus pyrenaica and Pinus pinaster in Northwest Spain. We aimed to identify the environmental conditions that favour or hamper the establishment success of these species. In spring 2008, seeds of the studied species were sown under an experimental gradient of light (100, 65, 35, 7% of full sunlight) combined with three levels of soil moisture (mean soil water potential = -0.97, -1.52 and -1.77 MPa.). During the first growing season we monitored seed emergence and seedling survival. We found that the effect of light on the establishment success was stronger than the effect of soil moisture. Both exotic and native species of central Spain showed a good performance under high light, A. negundo being the most shade tolerant . Water shortage diminished E. angustifolia and A. altissima success. Among NW Spain species, A. dealbata and P. pinaster were found to be potential competitors for colonizing high-irradiance scenarios, while Q. pyrenaica and E. globulus were more successful under moderate shade. High soil moisture favoured E. globulus but not A. dealbata establishment. These results contribute to understand some of the factors controlling for spatial segregation between coexisting native and exotic tree species, and can help to take decisions orientated to the control and management of these exotic species.

Comparisons of stomatal parameters between normal and abnormal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ED), guard cell length (GCL) and guard cell width (GCW) of normal and abnormal leaf of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd were studied. This can be useful for further research of physical mechanism of abnormal leaf. Epidermal cells were ...

Análise de demandas de pacientes e profissionais de saúde quanto à poltrona utilizada para a assistência do paciente

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Fabiane Espíndola Gomes

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Sistemáticas transversais permitem identificar soluções tecnológicas que melhor atendam às necessidades dos usuários, sendo assim críticas para otimização de recursos financeiros e melhoria da qualidade do serviço prestado. Dessa forma, o presente projeto de pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar uma análise transversal das demandas dos usuários finais, profissionais da saúde e pacientes, quanto às poltronas utilizadas para assistência no Serviço de Onco-Hematologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Métodos: Entrevistas semiestruturadas com perguntas abertas foram conduzidas no próprio local de atendimento em cada unidade de saúde: Ambulatório de Quimioterapia, Banco de Sangue e Hospital Dia. A população da pesquisa foi definida por meio da identificação dos usuários com forte interação com a poltrona para assistência e seu tamanho considerando o critério de ponto de saturação. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 15 profissionais de saúde e 16 pacientes entre setembro de 2015 e janeiro de 2016. Verificou-se que o conforto foi a demanda mais indicada por profissionais de saúde e pacientes, sendo as demais demandas similares, independentemente do tempo de atendimento, número de pacientes por turno ou carga horária de trabalho. Conclusões: Acredita-se que a análise transversal das demandas dos usuários possibilita a melhora da qualidade da assistência e otimização do emprego de recursos financeiros por permitir a seleção de soluções tecnológicas que melhor atendem às necessidades dos usuários finais, tais como pacientes e profissionais de saúde. Palavras-chaves: Profissional da saúde; tomada de decisões; ergonomia

Comparação de metodologia utilizada para a detecção de Hemoglobina S (Hb S em doadores de sangue

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Prudêncio Brígida C. A. B.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O Brasil apresenta alta prevalência de hemoglobina S, com nítidas diferenças regionais marcadas pelos processos de miscigenação da população. A presença desta hemoglobina tem sido objeto de estudo, não só em pacientes com anemia falciforme (homozigotos para hemoglobina S - Hb SS, mas também em portadores desta variante de hemoglobina em heterozigose (Hb AS. As complicações clínicas dos portadores são influenciadas por fatores genéticos e ambientais. De acordo com a portaria 1376 de 19 de novembro de 1993 para Normas técnicas de coleta, processamento e transfusão de sangue, componentes e derivados, do Ministério da Saúde, deve ser realizada a detecção de hemoglobinas anormais em doadores de sangue. Diante desta normatização e às taxas de hemoglobina S em nossa população, objetivamos no presente trabalho a identificação da hemoglobina S, utilizando técnicas de triagem utilizadas na rotina de Bancos de Sangue, como o kit de identificação para hemoglobina S da Diamed, comercializado pela designação ID-Hb S, e o teste de solubilidade. Os casos que apresentaram positividade nesta triagem foram posteriormente confirmados em eletroforese em pH alcalino e ácido. Do total de 5.416 doadores de sangue analisados pelo teste de triagem (ID - Hb S Diamed e solubilidade, 50 (0,92% apresentaram hemoglobina S. Após confirmação eletroforética evidenciamos a compatibilidade das técnicas em 100 % dos casos analisados. O teste da Diamed apresenta custo de R$ 1,20 por doador e o de solubilidade R$ 0,14. Pelos resultados obtidos sugerimos o uso do teste de solubilidade como de escolha, para triagem de hemoglobina S em bancos de sangue, não só pela eficácia e praticidade, como também pelo baixo custo.

Aiako Harria Parke Naturaleko mehatxaturiko flora (Gipuzkoa : I. populazioen banaketa eta zentsoa

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ARBELAITZ, E., MENDIZABAL, M., TAMAYO, I., ALDEZABAL, A., ASEGINOLAZA, C.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Mediante este trabajo se han definido por una parte la distribución espacial y la superficie de ocupación y, por otra, el tamaño (nº de individuos de cada una de las poblaciones inventariadas en el contexto del Parque Natural de Aiako Harria (Gipuzkoa de las siguientes especies de la flora amenazada : Daphne cneorum, Petrocoptis pyrenaica, Saxifraga clusii y Soldanella villosa. Actualmente, el estatus de las cuatro especies es diferente, por ello se recomienda la aplicación de distintos criterios de gestión para cada una.

Ecologia da vegetação de orla de bosque de carvalho-negral na Serra da Nogueira, Bragança, Portugal

OpenAIRE

Rocha, S.; Aguiar, Carlos; Azevedo, João

2006-01-01

Avaliou-se o efeito do gradiente "distância à orla" na estrutura e composição florística de dois bosques de Quercus pyrenaica na Serra da Nogueira, Bragança, Portugal. Em cada bosque estabeleceram-se 8 transectos de 40 m com início na orla do bosque e orientados perpendicularmente a esta. Em cada transecto estabeleceram-se bandas de amostragem de 1 x 10 m dispostas perpendiculares aos transactos a 0, 1, 5, 10,20 e 40 m da orla do bosque. Nestas bandas avaliaram-se a composição flo...

Estudio comparativo de los mapas forestales de España a escala 1:200.000, 1:50.000 y 1:25.000 para las principales especies forestales en Galicia

OpenAIRE

Martínez Huerta, Diego

2013-01-01

El Mapa Forestal de España (MFE) es una herramienta fundamental en diversos campos relacionados con el medioambiente (incendios forestales, cambio climático, sumideros de CO2, usos de suelo y ordenación del territorio). Se analiza aquí la evolución en Galicia de la superficie de Castanea sativa, Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris y Quercus pyrenaica en los tres Mapas Forestales (MFE200, MFE50 y MFE25) disponibles en formato digital hoy en día, así como la evolución del estado de la masa de Pinu...

Gêneros: diferenças percebidas e estratégias de influência utilizadas no processo de decisão de compra = Genders: perceived differences and influence strategies used in the buying decision process

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Medeiros, Janine Fleith de

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo apresenta os resultados advindos de um estudo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, que buscou analisar as diferenças percebidas, bem como as estratégias de influência utilizadas, por homens e mulheres ao longo das etapas do processo de decisão de compra conjunta de um imóvel. Para o alcance dos objetivos, os autores optaram por realizar a coleta de dados junto a dez casais sujeitos da amostra conciliando a abordagem indireta (técnicas projetivas com a abordagem direta (entrevistas em profundidade. Analisando-se os resultados obtidos, destaca-se que as mulheres tendem a associar a compra e o consumo com sentimentos de preocupação e solicitude narcisista, enquanto os homens relacionam ao desejo de escolha e de domínio. No que tange as estratégias de influência empregadas, identificou-se que as mulheres valem-se da emoção e os homens do maior conhecimento que dizem ter sobre o assunto (especialista

Breeding quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zurita-Silva, Andrés; Fuentes, Francisco; Zamora, Pablo

2014-01-01

scale. In the Andes, quinoa has until recently been marginally grown by small-scale Andean farmers, leading to minor interest in the crop from urban consumers and the industry. Quinoa breeding programs were not initiated until the 1960s in the Andes, and elsewhere from the 1970s onwards. New molecular...... tools available for the existing quinoa breeding programs, which are critically examined in this review, will enable us to tackle the limitations of allotetraploidy and genetic specificities. The recent progress, together with the declaration of "The International Year of the Quinoa" by the Food...

El ambiente digital en la comunicación, la actitud y las estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas por docentes

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Paola Lucumi Useda

2015-09-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo es el estado del arte sobre el ambiente digital en la comunicación, la actitud y las estrategias pedagógicas utilizadas por docentes, a partir de tres categorías: prácticas y estrategias pedagógicas mediadas por TIC; actitud de docentes en ambientes de aprendizaje mediados por tecnología y estrategias de comunicación docente en ambientes de aprendizaje, con el objetivo de revisar los antecedentes teóricos e investigativos a partir de una revisión documental. El ejercicio condujo a concluir que en la actualidad es importante que los docentes incluyan las TIC en sus prácticas pedagógicas, muestren una actitud positiva ante los ambientes de aprendizaje e implementen el uso de estrategias innovadoras en el aula que promuevan la interacción en redes de conocimiento. Se puede afirmar que los procesos de formación de sujetos capaces de desenvolverse en esta era globalizada requieren de grandes esfuerzos de la comunidad académica por reconocer y utilizar las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como un elemento transversal en la gestión de conocimiento; por ello, la práctica pedagógica debe ubicarse en senderos propuestos por las nuevas tecnologías, para lo cual se requiere de un trabajo sistemático hacia la comprensión de las nuevas relaciones entre docentes y estudiantes, lo que a su vez, implica el desarrollo de competencias para el aprendizaje colaborativo y la interacción. Otra importante característica que vale la pena recoger aquí es que la comunicación como acto humano es la única que permite el reconocimiento del otro, de la diversidad, de la multiculturalidad, de la vivencia de la alteridad, como ejes fundamentales de las prácticas pedagógicas de los maestros y en general de la vida. La comunicación como una capacidad exclusivamente humana desde la reflexión, la construcción de conocimiento y pensamiento, ha permitido evidenciar el boom de las tecnologías en el mundo

Os impactos da tecnologia de mulching utilizada no cultivo do melão na região de Mossoró

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G. M. T. Queiroga

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A tecnologia de mulching é uma ferramenta que possibilita a redução de gastos para os produtores no tocante a utilização de agroquímicos, água de irrigação e a utilização de mão-de-obra, além de promover melhoria na qualidade da fruta produzida e o aumento da produção. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os impactos provocados pelo uso do mulch no meio ambiental, social e econômico de uma comunidade rural de Mossoró/RN. Fez-se o uso de observações, entrevista semiestruturada e questionário estruturado, o qual foi aplicado a 12,5% dos participantes de um total de 32. Os resultados mostram que essa tecnologia é utilizada por todos os produtores, com o intuito de melhorar a produção do melão em quantidade e qualidade.  Contudo, o uso do mulch de polietileno, utilizado nessa técnica, acarreta preocupações quanto ao seu descarte pós-uso, com a utilização de práticas arcaicas como as queimadas que afetam de forma gradual a saúde do trabalhador e as propriedades biológicas do solo.The impacts of mulching technology used in melon cultivation in Mossoró regionAbstract: The mulching technology is a tool that enables cost reduction for producers regarding the use of agrochemicals, irrigation water and the use of labor force, promoting improvement in the produced fruit quality and increasing production. The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts caused by the use of mulch in the environmental, social and economic environment of a rural community of Mossoró / RN. Observation, semi-structured interview and structured questionnaire were used in the study, and the questionnaire was applied to 12.5% of participants from a total of 32. The results show that this technology is used by all producers, in order to improve the production of melon in quantity and quality. However, the use of polyethylene mulch utilized therein causes concern as to their post-use disposal, with the use of archaic practices, such as burning

Inter-specific relationships among two Tunisian Thymus taxa ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Genetic relationships between two sympatric species Thymus capitatus Hoffm. et Link. and Thymus algeriensis Boiss. et Reut. (Thymus hirtus Willd. subsp. algeriensis Boiss. et Reut.) were assessed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Eighteen natural populations from different geographical and ...

African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 8, No 14 (2009)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Genetic variability in Asparagus racemosus (Willd.) from Madhya Pradesh, India by random amplified polymorphic DNA · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. N Vijay, P Sairkar, N Silawat, RK Garg, NN Mehrotra ...

Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Neuropharmacological activities of the aqueous fraction of methanol extract of Securinega virosa (Roxb. ex. Willd) Baill. root bark in mice · EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Mohammed G. Magaji, Kabiru Abubakar, Faruk Faruk, 31-37.

Ethnobotany of pru, a traditional Cuban refreshment

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Volpato, G.; Godínez, D.

2004-01-01

Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urban, Smilax domingensis Willd., and Pimenta dioica Merr., are three species widely used within Cuban ethnobotanical traditions and practices. Pru is a traditional refreshment and medicinal drink produced by their decoction and fermentation with sugar. It is claimed to have

Substrates of Mauritia flexuosa and wastewater from pig farming on growth and quality in seedlings of Acacia mangium

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Emanuel França Araújo

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Sustainable alternatives should be adopted to minimise the negative environmental impacts of agricultural activities. The use of wastewater as well as organic waste, from agricultural activities or found naturally, such as the decomposed stems of the Buriti palm (Mauritia flexuosa, can be a sustainable alternative in the production of seedlings for the reforestation of areas in the process of degradation or desertification, common in the State of Piauí, Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and quality in seedlings of Acacia mangium Willd grown in substrates with different proportions of decomposed stems of Mauritia flexuosa (DSB, and irrigated with wastewater from pig farming (WPF. The experimental design was completely randomised, arranged in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five proportions of DSB and soil (v/v,% - 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, and two sources of irrigation water (well water and WPF, with four replications. At 100 days after sowing (DAS, the seedlings were collected to measure the variables related to growth, quality and nodulation. Height, root collar diameter, shoot dry weight, leaf area and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots were significantly influenced (p≤0.05 by the interaction between substrate and source of irrigation water. The WPF had no significant influence on the growth or quality of the Acacia mangium Willd seedlings. The best ratio between DSB substrate and soil was 46:54, considered the most suitable for seedling production in Acacia mangium Willd.

African Journal of Biomedical Research - Vol 14, No 1 (2011)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In-Vitro Susceptibility of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to Extracts of Uvaria Afzelli Scott Elliot and Tetracera Alnifolia Willd · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. TO Lawal, BA Adeniyi, B Wan, SG Franzblau, GB Mahady, 17-21 ...

Aspects of participatory plant breeding for quinoa in marginal areas of Ecuador

NARCIS (Netherlands)

McElhinny, E.; Peralta, E.; Mazon, N.; Danial, D.L.; Thiele, G.; Lindhout, P.

2007-01-01

Field trials were carried out in Ecuador with two indigenous communities, Ninín Cachipata and La Esperanza, to determine farmers¿ preferences for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars and to improve PPB processes. More women than men participated, reflecting that quinoa, a primarily

Quinoa seed quality response to sodium chloride and sodium sulfate salinity

Science.gov (United States)

Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal which has high protein content, but also provides high quality protein. The essential amino acids are balanced; protein efficiency ratio and true protein digestibility are comparable to those of casein, which considered as a good protein resource....

Dietary administration of Gynura bicolor (Roxb. Willd.) DC water extract enhances immune response and survival rate against Vibrio alginolyticus and white spot syndrome virus in white shrimp Litopeneaus vannamei.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Chih-Chung; Chang, Yueh-Ping; Wang, Jyh-Jye; Liu, Chun-Hung; Wong, Saou-Lien; Jiang, Chii-Ming; Hsieh, Shu-Ling

2015-01-01

Gynura bicolor (Roxb. & Willd.) DC., a perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, is originated from the tropical area of Asia. The total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory bursts (RBs), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and lysozyme activity were examined after white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei had been fed diets containing the water extract of G. bicolor at 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g (kg diet)(-1) for 7-28 days. The results indicated that these parameters increased accordingly with the amount of extract and time. THCs of the shrimp fed the G. bicolor diets at 1.0 and 2.0 g (kg diet)(-1) were significantly higher than that fed the control diet for 14-28 days. For the shrimp fed the G. bicolor diets at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g (kg diet)(-1), the PO, RBs, and lysozyme activities reached the highest levels after 7 days, whereas SOD activity reached the highest levels after 14 days. In a separate experiment, white shrimp L. vannamei fed the diets containing the G. bicolor extract for 28 days were challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus at 3 × 10(6) cfu shrimp(-1) and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) at 1 × 10(3) copies shrimp(-1). The survival rate of the shrimp fed the G. bicolor diets was significantly higher than that of the shrimp fed the control diet at 48-144 h post challenge V. alginolyticus and WSSV. For the shrimp fed the G. bicolor diets at 0.5, 1 and 2 g (kg diet)(-1) under challenges of V. alginolyticus and WSSV, their LPS- and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP) and peroxinectin (PE) mRNA expressions were significantly higher than those of the challenged control shrimp at 12-96 and 24-144 h post-challenge, respectively. We concluded that dietary administration of a G. bicolor extract could enhance the innate immunity within 28 days as evidenced by the increases in immune parameters (PO, RBs, and lysozyme) and antioxidant enzyme (SOD) activities of shrimp to against V. alginolyticus and WSSV

Streptococcus caprae sp. nov., isolated from Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica).

Science.gov (United States)

Vela, A I; Mentaberre, G; Lavín, S; Domínguez, L; Fernández-Garayzábal, J F

2016-01-01

Biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on a novel Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, coccus-shaped organism isolated from tonsil samples of two Iberian ibexes. The micro-organism was identified as a streptococcal species based on its cellular, morphological and biochemical characteristics. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison studies confirmed its identification as a member of the genus Streptococcus, but the organism did not correspond to any species of this genus. The nearest phylogenetic relative of the unknown coccus from ibex was Streptococcus porci 2923-03T (96.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Analysis based on rpoB and sodA gene sequences revealed sequence similarity values lower than 86.0 and 83.8 %, respectively, from the type strains of recognized Streptococcus species. The novel bacterial isolate was distinguished from Streptococcus porci and other Streptococcus species using biochemical tests. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, for which the name Streptococcus caprae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DICM07-02790-1CT ( = CECT 8872T = CCUG 67170T).

Establishment of an efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd) is a medicinally and economically important plant and also used as vegetable. In this study, we established an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation procedure for M. dioica. Leaf explants were incubated with A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 containing a binary ...

Toxicological assessment of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd) Schumach. & Thonn (Lamiaceae) is used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria, hypertension, obesity, jaundice and diabetes however there is lack of experimental data on its possible toxicity. This study investigated the acute and 28 days sub-chronic toxicity ...

Notes on Alien Bromus Grasses in Taiwan

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Ming-Jer Jung

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn., Bromus hordeaceus L., Bromus pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. and Bromus secalinus L. were recently found at middle elevations of southern and central Taiwan, respectively. We present taxonomic treatments, distribution map, and line-drawings of these introduced alien brome grasses.

Dwarf mistletoe effects on fuel loadings in ponderosa pine forests in northern Arizona

Science.gov (United States)

Chad Hoffman; Robert Mathiasen; Carolyn Hull Sieg

2007-01-01

Southwestern dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium vaginatum (Willd.) J. Presl ssp. cryptopodum) infests about 0.9 million ha in the southwestern United States. Several studies suggest that dwarf mistletoes affect forest fuels and fire behavior; however, few studies have quantified these effects. We compared surface fuel loadings and...

Sesquiterpene lactones. XXXIV. Guaianolides in the genus Leuzea DC.

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Gerard Nowak

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Guaianolides were found in three species of the genus Leuzea DC. Chlorojanerin, cynaropicrin and janerin were isolated from L. rhapontica subg. helenifolia (Gren, Gordon Holub and L. rhaponticoides Graells. From L. carthamoides (Willd. DC., chlorojanerin, cynaropicrin, janerin, cebellin E and repdiolide were obtained.

Evaluation of methane production features and kinetics of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the biomethane potential (BMP) of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd waste in Yunnan, China, when subjected to mesophilic anaerobic digestion (AD). Three different categories of plant waste investigated were as follows: the flowers, leaves and stems of B. spectabilia.

Loran-C Signal Stability Study: St. Lawrence Seaway

Science.gov (United States)

1982-07-01

call this the " porno movie syndrome.’) If, several years from now, we think of another analysis technique, we can immediately apply it. There will...d -S ccr ,,. * -. . WE O- W K D-4. 20. . ...... I s 41 in Ado " 4- f . 4.......... ......... ................. ..... ... .... . .. .. .. . .. . . Li

Impact of Advanced Avionics Technology on Ground Attack Weapon Systems.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-02-01

notation, small letters will be used to denote electro-magnetic wave complex amplitudes in the input and output planes whilst capital letters will...de lordre de 20 mn 4 eat possible sans intervention humaine particuliare. Une redondance tras utile peut atre ajoutge sans addition notable de

Quinoa cultivation in western North America: lessons learned and the path forward

Science.gov (United States)

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is a relatively new crop to farmers in North America; however recent interest in domestic cultivation of quinoa has skyrocketed due to a rapid, worldwide increase in demand for this nutritious and delicious Andean crop. Researchers at five western U.S. universities ...

Caracterização farmacobotânica das espécies de Sambucus (Caprifoliaceae utilizadas como medicinais no Brasil. Parte I. Sambucus nigra L.

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Marina Scopel

Full Text Available O sabugueiro (Sambucus nigra L., Caprifoliaceae é uma planta medicinal descrita em farmacopéias estrangeiras, não constando da Farmacopéia Brasileira. A espécie é de origem européia e suas flores são comercializadas in natura sob o nome farmacopéico Sambuci flos, para uso na forma de infusão ou decocção, como diuréticas, antipiréticas, antiinflamatórias, laxativo leve e no tratamento de doenças do aparelho respiratório. Visando elaborar uma monografia farmacopéica atualizada, foram estabelecidos os caracteres botânicos macro e microscópicos, através da metodologia clássica utilizada em morfoanatomia vegetal. São características macroscópicas: flores monoclinas, iguais; corola de três a cinco milímetros de diâmetro; pétalas com três a quatro nervuras paralelas; estames iguais; gineceu em regra com três lóculos. São características microscópicas: cutícula espessa e estriada; presença de idioblastos de areia cristalina de oxalato de cálcio em brácteas, sépalas e pétalas; estômatos anomocíticos; brácteas hipoestomáticas; sépalas anfiestomáticas; pétalas anfi-hipoestomáticas; células epidérmicas da face abaxial de sépalas e pétalas muito sinuosas; células epidérmicas do filete alongadas e de paredes retilíneas; tricomas tectores e glandulares de diferentes tipos em todas as peças; brácteas, sépalas e pétalas com mesofilo homogêneo; sistema vascular representado por feixes colaterais ou agrupamentos de elementos xilemáticos; presença de gotas lipídicas em todas as peças.

Phenolic content and antioxidant property of the bark extracts of Ziziphus mucronata Willd. subsp. mucronata Willd

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Olajuyigbe Olufunmiso O

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Several plants traditionally used in treatment of a variety of infections in South Africa are reported in ethnobotanical surveys. Many of these plants including Ziziphus mucronata subsp. mucronata lack scientific reports to support their medicinal importance. Methods The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents of the acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts of the stems of Z. mucronata subsp. mucronata were evaluated using in vitro standard methods. The total phenol, total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin content were determined spectrophotometrically. Quercetin, Tannic acid and catechin equivalents were used for these parameters. The antioxidant activities of the stem bark extracts of this plant were determined by ABTS, DPPH, and ferrous reducing antioxidant property (FRAP methods. Results The quantity of the phenolic compounds, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins detected differ significantly in the various extracts. The phenolics were significantly higher than the flavonoids and proanthocyanidin contents in all the extracts investigated. The ferric reducing ability and the radical scavenging activities of the extracts were very high and dose-dependent. The ethanol extract had the highest antioxidant activity, followed by the acetone extract while the aqueous extract was the least active. Reacting with ABTS, the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50 were (0.0429 ± 0.04 mg/ml for aqueous, (0.0317 ± 0.04 mg/ml for acetone and (0.0306 ± 0.04 mg/ml for ethanol extracts while they inhibited DPPH radical with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 values of 0.0646 ± 0.02 mg/ml (aqueous, 0.0482 ± 0.02 mg/ml (acetone and 0.0422 ± 0.03 mg/ml (ethanol. Conclusions A correlation between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic contents of the extracts indicated that phenolic compounds were the dominant contributors to the antioxidant activity of the plant. This study, therefore, demonstrated that Z. mucronata subsp. mucronata has strong antioxidant property and free radical scavenging capability.

African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology - Vol 9 ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Analysis of dendrometric characteristics of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. (Fabaceae) in the semi-arid Sahelian area: A case study of silvopastoral zone in Senegal · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. S Thiam, B Sambou, A Guissé, 805-809.

African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 10, No 29 (2011)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Elevated level of polysaccharides in a high level UV-B tolerant cell line of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT ... Full Length Research Paper Identification of species (meat and blood samples) using nested-PCR analysis of mitochondrial DNA · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT ...

Antioxidant properties of volatile oils obtained from Artemisia taurica ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In this study, the antioxidant properties of volatile oils obtained from the earth parts of the Artemisia taurica Willd. and Salvia kronenburgii Rech. Fil. plants and their effects on xanthine oxidase enzyme were studied. The chemical contents of each volatile oil were determined by applying gas chromatograpghy-mass ...

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Sairkar, P. Vol 8, No 14 (2009) - Articles Genetic variability in Asparagus racemosus (Willd.) from Madhya Pradesh, India by random amplified polymorphic DNA Abstract PDF · Vol 8, No 17 (2009) - Articles RAPD analysis for genetic diversity of two populations of Mystus vittatus (Bloch) of Madhya Pradesh, India

Denaturation and in Vitro Gastric Digestion of Heat-Treated Quinoa Protein Isolates Obtained at Various Extraction pH

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ruiz, Geraldine Avila; Opazo-Navarrete, Mauricio; Meurs, Marlon; Minor, Marcel; Sala, Guido; Boekel, van Tiny; Stieger, Markus; Janssen, Anja E.M.

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of heat processing on denaturation and digestibility properties of protein isolates obtained from sweet quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) at various extraction pH values (8, 9, 10 and 11). Pretreatment of suspensions of protein isolates at 60,

Wetlands Research Program. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Appendix C. Sections 1 and 2. Region 6 - Southern Plains.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-01-01

Zandica L. Maryland senna FAG fassutha f11i~iformis L. Cassytha :azyaponia cuinque~ aba (Raf.) Shinners Cayaponia FAC CeLtis !aeviaata Wilid. Sugarberry... Basil FAC P. ternsifoiwn Schrad. Pychanthemum FAC Qu.ercus X beadiei Trelease Beadle oak FACW- Q. bicolor Willd. Swamp white oak FACW+ Q. imbricaria

Structural and ethnobotanical characterization of velvet tamarind ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The velvet tamarind (Dialium guineense Willd) is one of the key species for domestication in Sub-Saharan Africa. In order to help the sustainable management and conservation of this species, its structural characteristics and ethnobotanical traits were studied in the 4 vegetation types (typical dense forest, degraded dense ...

Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on litter quality, litter decomposability and nitrogen turnover rate of two oak species in a Mediterranean forest ecosystem

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Fayez Raiesi Gahrooee,

1998-01-01

Elevated CO2 may affect litter quality of plants, and subsequently C and N cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, but changes in litter quality associated with elevated CO2 are poorly known. Abscised leaf litter of two oak species (Quercus cerris L., and Q. pubescens Willd.) exposed to long-term

Efeito de drogas utilizadas no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica sobre a pressão intra-ocular: estudo experimental no cão

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Hashimoto Mitsuo

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos de duas drogas utilizadas no tratamento de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (captopril e propranolol sobre a pressão intra-ocular (PIO e pressão de perfusão (PP em cães anestesiados. Métodos: Foram estudados 24 cães, divididos em 3 grupos de 8. No primeiro grupo (GI, foi administrado captopril (um inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina na dose de 1,5 mg/kg por via endovenosa. No segundo grupo (GII, foi administrado propranolol (um beta-bloqueador na dose de 1,5 mg/kg por via endovenosa. O terceiro grupo (GIII foi o grupo controle. A PIO e a pressão arterial média (PAm foram medidas por manometria. A pressão de perfusão (PP foi calculada pela diferença entre a PAm e a PIO. A freqüência cardíaca (FC foi monitorada com oxímetro de pulso. Os parâmetros foram estudados em 6 momentos (0, 10, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos. Resultados: Houve redução estatisticamente significativa da PIO (p<0,05 nos grupos em que foram administrados captopril e propranolol, sem diferença entre as drogas. Com captopril, houve redução da PAm e da PP aos 10 e 30 minutos. Com propranolol, não houve redução da PAm ou da PP. Conclusão: Houve redução da PIO com uso do captopril e também do propranolol. Entretanto, a redução acentuada da PAm e da PP causadas pelo captopril, podem ser indesejáveis para a irrigação do nervo óptico.

Characterizing Specimens of Kudzu and Related Taxa with RAPD's

Science.gov (United States)

D.K. Jewett; C.J. Jiang; K.O. Britton; J.H. Sun; J. Tang

2003-01-01

Kudzu [Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and Almeidal is a perennial, semi-woody, climbing legume in the tribe Phaseoleae Benth., subtribe Glycininae Benth. (Maesen 1985, Maesen and Almeida 1988, Ward 1998). It is native to China, where an abundance of natural enemies (Pemberton 1988) and its cultivation...

Flowering Trees

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Berrya cordifolia (Willd.) Burret (Syn. B. ammonilla Roxb.) – Trincomali Wood of Tiliaceae is a tall evergreen tree with straight trunk, smooth brownish-grey bark and simple broad leaves. Inflorescence is much branched with white flowers. Stamens are many with golden yellow anthers. Fruit is a capsule with six spreading ...

Variation in flood tolerance of container-grown seedlings of swamp white oak, bur oak, and white oak

Science.gov (United States)

Michael P. Walsh; J.W. Van Sambeek; Mark V. Coggeshall

2008-01-01

How much variation in flood tolerance exists among seedlings within oak species, given the flood frequency of sites from which acorns are collected, has been largely unexplored. Our studies examined initial growth and flood tolerance for seedlings of swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor Willd.), bur oak (Q. macrocarpa L.), and white...

Stand competition determines how different tree species will cope with a warming climate.

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Laura Fernández-de-Uña

Full Text Available Plant-plant interactions influence how forests cope with climate and contribute to modulate species response to future climate scenarios. We analysed the functional relationships between growth, climate and competition for Pinus sylvestris, Quercus pyrenaica and Quercus faginea to investigate how stand competition modifies forest sensitivity to climate and simulated how annual growth rates of these species with different drought tolerance would change throughout the 21st century. Dendroecological data from stands subjected to thinning were modelled using a novel multiplicative nonlinear approach to overcome biases related to the general assumption of a linear relationship between covariates and to better mimic the biological relationships involved. Growth always decreased exponentially with increasing competition, which explained more growth variability than climate in Q. faginea and P. sylvestris. The effect of precipitation was asymptotic in all cases, while the relationship between growth and temperature reached an optimum after which growth declined with warmer temperatures. Our growth projections indicate that the less drought-tolerant P. sylvestris would be more negatively affected by climate change than the studied sub-Mediterranean oaks. Q. faginea and P. sylvestris mean growth would decrease under all the climate change scenarios assessed. However, P. sylvestris growth would decline regardless of the competition level, whereas this decrease would be offset by reduced competition in Q. faginea. Conversely, Q. pyrenaica growth would remain similar to current rates, except for the warmest scenario. Our models shed light on the nature of the species-specific interaction between climate and competition and yield important implications for management. Assuming that individual growth is directly related to tree performance, trees under low competition would better withstand the warmer conditions predicted under climate change scenarios but in

Spatial distribution and risk factors of Brucellosis in Iberian wild ungulates

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de la Fuente José

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The role of wildlife as a brucellosis reservoir for humans and domestic livestock remains to be properly established. The aim of this work was to determine the aetiology, apparent prevalence, spatial distribution and risk factors for brucellosis transmission in several Iberian wild ungulates. Methods A multi-species indirect immunosorbent assay (iELISA using Brucella S-LPS antigen was developed. In several regions having brucellosis in livestock, individual serum samples were taken between 1999 and 2009 from 2,579 wild bovids, 6,448 wild cervids and4,454 Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa, and tested to assess brucellosis apparent prevalence. Strains isolated from wild boar were characterized to identify the presence of markers shared with the strains isolated from domestic pigs. Results Mean apparent prevalence below 0.5% was identified in chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica, Iberian wild goat (Capra pyrenaica, and red deer (Cervus elaphus. Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus, fallow deer (Dama dama, mouflon (Ovis aries and Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia tested were seronegative. Only one red deer and one Iberian wild goat resulted positive in culture, isolating B. abortus biovar 1 and B. melitensis biovar 1, respectively. Apparent prevalence in wild boar ranged from 25% to 46% in the different regions studied, with the highest figures detected in South-Central Spain. The probability of wild boar being positive in the iELISA was also affected by age, age-by-sex interaction, sampling month, and the density of outdoor domestic pigs. A total of 104 bacterial isolates were obtained from wild boar, being all identified as B. suis biovar 2. DNA polymorphisms were similar to those found in domestic pigs. Conclusions In conclusion, brucellosis in wild boar is widespread in the Iberian Peninsula, thus representing an important threat for domestic pigs. By contrast, wild ruminants were not identified as a significant brucellosis reservoir for

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Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

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Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. (Para rubber tree) of the family Euphorbiaceae is a tall handsome tree widely distributed in the Amazon forests, sometimes planted as an ornamental and cultivated in most tropical countries. Tree upto 60 feet; leaves alternate or subopposite of 3 pinnate-veined leaflets. Leaflets ...

The role of large container seedlings in afforesting oaks in bottomlands

Science.gov (United States)

Daniel C. Dey; John M. Kabrick; Michael Gold

2006-01-01

We planted large container (RPM®) and 1-0 bareroot seedlings of pin oak (Quercus palustris Muenchh.) and swamp white oak (Q. bicolor Willd.) in crop fields in the Missouri River floodplain. We also evaluated the benefits of soil mounding and a grass (Agrostis gigantea Roth) cover crop. RPM®) oak seedlings had significantly greater...

Picloram Movement in Soil Solution and Streamflow from a Coastal Plain Forest

Science.gov (United States)

Jerry L. Michael; D.G. Neary; M.J.M. Wells

1989-01-01

Picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) was aerially applied to P longleaf pine (Pinus palustris L.) site in the upper constnl plain of Alabama to control kudzu [Purraria lobota (Willd.) Ohwi]. Pellets (10% a.i.) were spread at the rate of 56 kg ha-1 on loamy sand Typic Knnhspludult soils....

Poisoning by Poiretia punctata in cattle and sheep

Science.gov (United States)

Poiretia punctata (Willd.) Desv. was associated with cattle and sheep poisoning on nine farms in the State of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. The animals were found dead or died later after showing clinical signs for up to 18 hours. Two sheep that ingested 40g/kg body weight (g/kg) of fresh P punctata...

As ferramentas da gestão social utilizada pelas organizações que prestam serviços sociais à comunidade e pertencem à microrregião do extremo Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina

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Wieczynski, Marineide

2005-01-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo aborda resultados de uma pesquisa de iniciação científica que teve como objetivo identificar e relatar quais são as ferramentas da gestão social utilizada pelas organizações que prestam serviços sociais e pertencem à microrregião do extremo oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina. O tipo de pesquisa foi de natureza quali-quantitativa, com o uso de questionários semi-estrutrados, amostragem por acessibilidade e um universo de 30 ONGs, cujos sujeitos foram os gestores dessas organizações. Constatou-se que nenhuma das organizações pesquisada utiliza plenamente as ferramentas da gestão social. O não uso das ferramentas – planejamento, organização, direção e controle/avaliação – comprometem a eficiência, a eficácia e a efetividade dos programas e projetos que vem sendo desenvolvidos por elas. Sugere-se a elaboração de um projeto de extensão e/ou de filantropia, no qual o Curso de Serviço Social da UNOESC – São Miguel do Oeste possa prestar assessoria e consultoria no que tange à gestão social de ONGs

Quinoa from Valley (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.: Valuable source of genetic resistance to powdery mildew(Peronospora farinosa Willd.

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Gabriel Julio

2013-02-01

Full Text Available In order to identify quinoa resistant cultivars to powdery mildew (Peronospora farinosa of high yield and large grain size, 36 cultivars were evaluated under two different fungicide applications and a control in the Valle Bajo from Cochabamba. We determined the realtive Area under Develop Progress Curve of Peronosporafarinosa (AUDPCPF relative, the yield and another eleven quantitative variables. The results showed that cultivars 01Tardía, 08Tardía, 12Tardía, 04Tardía, 11Tardía 10Tardía, 19Tardía y 18Tardía were susceptible and the cultivars H172, A26, A03, A16, A22, A14 and H171 were resistant. The cultivars A40, H177, A26, H172, A25, A1 y H176 showed yields from 3.4 to 6.34 t ha-1. The cultivars 15 Tardía, 03 Tardía, 14 Tardía, H173, H171, A25, H176 and H172 with chemical control strategy and the tricobalreacted favorably against powdery mildew, which was associated with levels of resistance in each cultivar. Finally, there was a high significant negative correlation between the variables AUDPCPF relative and physiological maturity, plant length, panicle length, stem diameter, panicle diameter and weight of 100 seeds. This showed that when the attack of mildewis severe, also affects the grains yield.

Modulatory effects of Thai medicinal plant extract on ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Lindau (1 and 100 μg/ml), significantly inhibited the IFN-y/TNF-a- induced HaCaT apoptosis, while members of the Zingiberaceae family, Curcuma longa L. and Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd, significantly enhanced apoptosis when a concentration of 100 μg/ml was used. Furthermore, the ethanolic plant extracts were found to ...

Preparative Capillary GC for Characterization of Five Dracocephalum Essential Oils from Mongolia, and their Mosquito Larvicidal Activity

Science.gov (United States)

(DF), D. moldavica L. (DM), D. fruticulosum Steph. ex Willd. (DFr) and D. peregrinum L. (DP) were evaluated. Simultaneous GC-FID and GC-MS analyses revealed in the EOs of DR, DF and DM an unidentified compound (1) ([M+122], 5.4%, 57.9% and 74.0%, respectively). Therefore, we aimed to isolate compoun...

Estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pela equipe de enfermagem de um CTI adulto perante situações de estresse Coping strategies used by the nursing staff of an adult ICU in stress situations

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Emanuelle Graziottin Colossi

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Para os profissionais da saúde lidar com situações de estresse, como por exemplo, a eminência da morte dos pacientes, parece ser uma das maiores dificuldades vividas em sue ambiente de trabalho. Frente a este contexto, cada pessoa lança mão de estratégias próprias para o enfrentamento de situações estressantes (coping, as quais são determinadas pelo ambiente e por características de personalidade. Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento (coping dos profissionais de enfermagem de um CTI adulto diante de situações estressantes inerentes a sua profissão. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal, no qual foi aplicado o Inventário COPE, em trinta e oito técnicos de enfermagem e/ou enfermeiros. Os dados do inventário foram analisados em termos descritivos. Resultados: As estratégias de enfrentamento mais utilizadas foram as relacionadas à capacidade pró-ativa do sujeito (reinterpretação positiva, coping ativo e busca por suporte social e as menos utilizadas foram as relacionadas às emoções (foco nas emoções e humor. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada, os profissionais buscam estratégias que antecedam as dificuldades inerentes a sua prática diária, isolando os aspectos mais irrelevantes dos estressores e focalizando a atenção no resultado de suas ações, o que permite uma melhor percepção de seu trabalho e o sentimento de realização profissional.Introduction: For health professionals, to deal with stressful situations, such as the imminence of death of their patients, seems to be one of the greatest difficulties experienced in the workplace. In these situations, each person makes use of their own strategies in order to cope with stressful situations, which are determined by the environment and the personality traits. Objective: To identify the coping strategies used by nursing professionals of an adult ICU while facing stressful situations inherent to their

Pegamento da enxertia em diferentes combinações de variedades e espécies utilizadas como copa e como porta-enxertos de maracujazeiro

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Givanildo Roncatto

2011-09-01

Full Text Available O Brasil é o maior produtor de maracujá. Mas, apesar da posição de destaque, a vida útil do maracujazeiro vem sendo reduzida, principalmente, devido aos danos causados por doenças do sistema radicular. A enxertia com espécies nativas e resistentes a doenças apresenta-se como alternativa de produção. Com isso, objetivou-se avaliar o pegamento da enxertia nas combinações de variedades-copa e espécies de porta-enxertos de maracujazeiro. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em viveiro telado (50% de sombreamento, na Embrapa Acre, em Rio Branco-AC, entre setembro e dezembro de 2007. A variedade-copa utilizada para todos os tratamentos foi o maracujazeiro-amarelo 'FB 100' e 'FB 200' do viveiro Flora Brasil (Araguari-MG e outras 5 variedades regionais (UFAC-Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco-AC, e os porta-enxertos foram Passiflora edulis Sims (maracujazeiro-amarelo (acesso Cuiabá-MT, P. alata, P. edulis (maracujazeiro-roxo e P. quadrangularis (acesso Guiratinga-MT, P. serrato-digitata (acesso IAC-Campinas-SP. As sementes foram previamente embebidas em água destilada por cerca de 24 h e posteriormente semeadas em tubetes plásticos (25x5cm com substrato Plantmax@. O método de enxertia utilizado foi o de fenda cheia no topo hipocotiledonar, tendo os porta-enxertos as seguintes características: três folhas verdadeiras e altura de plântula variável (6 a 8cm, 30 a 90 dias após a semeadura. Decapitaram-se as plântulas na altura dos cotilédones com lâmina de aço, as quais foram mergulhadas em água sanitária a 70%, a cada enxertia realizada. Os enxertos foram obtidos de plântula inteira, com cerca de 10 cm de comprimento, fazendo-se a limpeza das folhas. As combinações de melhor desempenho em relação ao pegamento da enxertia foram UFAC 07 sobre P. edulis (maracujazeiro-roxo e P. alata, UFAC 38 sobre P. edulis (maracujazeiro-amarelo, P. edulis (maracujazeiro-roxo e P. alata, UFAC 64 sobre P. serrato-digitata, com 100% de pegamento

Disfunção endotelial causada pela pressão aguda de distensão em veias safenas humanas utilizadas para revascularização do miocárdio Endothelium dysfunction caused by acute pressure distension of human saphenous vein used for myocardial revascularization

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Fernanda Viaro

2007-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar as alterações morfofuncionais induzidas por pressão de distensão, em veias safenas humanas utilizadas para revascularização do miocárdio. MÉTODO: Foram estudadas veias safenas de 20 pacientes, distribuídas em quatro grupos experimentais: controle, 100, 200 e 300 mmHg, submetidos a distensões pressóricas com solução de Krebs por 15 segundos. A metodologia utilizada incluiu: 1 Imunohistoquímica do CD34; 2 Estudo in vitro da reatividade vascular em câmaras de órgãos. RESULTADOS: Os principais achados experimentais foram: 1 A partir da pressurização com 200 mmHg, observou-se uma tendência à diminuição da expressão do CD34, tornando-se estatisticamente significante com 300 mmHg; 2 Não houve comprometimento da contratilidade e dos relaxamentos estudados in vitro. CONCLUSÕES: Embora o estudo in vitro não tenha demonstrado comprometimento da reatividade vascular das veias estudadas, o estudo imunohistoquímico do CD34 mostrou que existe disfunção endotelial com pressurizações de 300 mmHg.OBJECTIVE: To study morphofunctional alterations induced by brief pressure increases in human saphenous veins utilized in coronary artery bypass grafting. METHOD: Saphenous veins of 20 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, were distributed into four experimental groups, control, 100 mmHg, 200 mmHg and 300 mmHg, and submitted to pressure distention over 15 seconds using Krebs solution. The evaluation included CD34 immunohistochemistry and an In vitro vascular reactivity study in organ chambers. RESULTS: The main experimental findings were 1 From pressures of 200 mmHg there was a tendency to reduce the CD34 expression which became statistically significant at 300 mmHg; 2 There was no impairment of the contraction and relaxation as evidenced by in vitro vascular reactivity tests. CONCLUSION: Although vascular reactivity impairment was not demonstrated in vitro, the CD34 expression, measured by

2388-IJBCS-Article-Haro Hadou

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Acacia senegal (L.) Willd ; Prosopis chilensis Stunz. et Bauhinia rufescens. Lam.. Geo-Eco-Trop, 33: 115-124. Megueni C, Awono ET, Ndjouenkeu R. 2011. Effet simultané de la dilution et de la combinaison du Rhizobium et des mycorhizes sur la production foliaire et les propriétés physico-chimiques des jeunes feuilles de ...

Res Cover Sep 07

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

THOLASI

Acacia polycantha Willd. (White cutch) of Fabaceae is a moderate sized deciduous tree with white or ash colored bark that peels off in papery flakes. Leaves are compound with many leaflets, spines on either side of the leaf base and a gland on the petiole. Flowers are small, white or pale yellow and are densely arranged ...

Comparative phytochemical and growth inhibitory studies on the leaf ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Comparative phytochemical and growth inhibitory studies on the leaf and root bark extracts of securinega Virosa (roxb ex. Willd) baill ... The growth inhibitory tests were carried out between 1-30 mg/ in a period of 24-96 h while the phytochemical screening was carried out on the plant parts using standard methods. At 24 h ...

Border Disease Virus: an exceptional driver of chamois populations among other threats

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Emmanuel eSerrano

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Though it is accepted that emerging infectious diseases are a threat to planet biodiversity, little information exists about their role as drivers of species extinction. Populations are also affected by natural catastrophes and other pathogens, making it difficult to estimate the particular impact of emerging diseases. Border disease virus genogroup 4 (BDV-4 caused a previously unreported decrease in populations of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica in Spain. Using a population viability analysis, we compared probabilities of extinction of a virtual chamois population affected by winter conditions, density dependence, keratoconjunctivitis, sarcoptic mange and BDV outbreaks. BDV-affected populations showed double risk of becoming extinct in 50 years, confirming the exceptional ability of this virus to drive chamois populations.

Pharmacognostical study of achenes of some plants from Asteraceae family

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Y.O. Bychkova

2014-04-01

Full Text Available In the present paper are represented morphological studies on determination of weight of 1000 achenes, and sieve analysis of fruits of some plants from Asteraceae family (Arctium lappa L., Leuzea carthamoides (Willd. D.C, Inula helenium L., Echinacea purpurea Moench., Calendula officinalis L.. Lipid, alcohol-soluble and water-soluble complexes in fruits of C. officinalis were studied.

Productivité de la culture du sorgho (Sorghum bicolor) dans un ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 oct. 2014 ... Manssour et al. J. Appl. Biosci. 2014. Productivité de la culture du sorgho dans un système agroforestier a base d'Acacia senegal (L) Willd au Niger. 7341. Acacia senegal. A. senegal est une espèce d'importance majeure dans la zone sahélienne car elle s'adapte parfaitement à de basses précipitations et.

Caracterização físico-quimica de farinhas oriundas de variedades de mandioca utilizadas no vale do Juruá, Acre Physicochemical characteristics of flours deriving of cassava varieties used in the Vale do Juruá, Acre

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Joana Maria Leite de Souza

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Algumas características de farinha de mandioca dependem da variedade da raiz utilizada para o processamento. Objetivou-se avaliar as características físico-químicas da farinha de mandioca oriundas de variedades utilizadas no estado do Acre. Os tratamentos foram compostos pelas variedades: T1= Paxiubão, T2= Im221, T3 = Caboquinha, T4 = Araçá, T5 = Colonial, T6 = Branquinha, T7 = Panati e T8 = Mansa e Brava. Foram coletadas amostras das oito variedades de mandioca em casas-de-farinha no município de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre. As raízes foram transportadas via aérea para o Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos da Embrapa-AC, na cidade de Rio Branco, Acre. Foram avaliados: teor de umidade, cinzas, lipídios, proteína, fibra bruta, carboidratos, acidez, pH e atividade de água. Todas as amostras se apresentaram de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos pela Legislação Brasileira para farinha de mandioca quanto ao teor de umidade, cinzas e carboidratos. As farinhas analisadas apresentam teores baixos de fibras e baixa acidez. A atividade de água das farinhas analisadas esteve abaixo do limite mínimo capaz de permitir o desenvolvimento de microrganismos. As variedades Araçá, Colonial e Branquinha se mostraram adequadas para a fabricação de farinha de mandioca devido, principalmente, ao elevado teor de proteína e carboidratos presente nas farinhas produzidas.Some characteristics of the cassava depend on the variety used for the processing. The objectified of this study was to evaluate physicochemical characteristics of the cassava flour from varieties used in Acre. The treatments were composed by the varieties: T1 = Paxiubão, T2 = Im221, T3 = Caboquinha, T4 = Araçá, T5 = Colonial, T6 = Branquinha, T7 = Panati and T8 = Mansa e Brava. Samples of flour of eight cassava varieties were collect in cassava mils in Cruzeiro do Sul. The samples were sent by airmail to Rio Branco, Acre, to be analyzed in the Food and Technology Laboratory at

Cribado para evaluar actividad antibacteriana y antimicótica en plantas utilizadas en medicina popular de Argentina Screening to evaluate the antibacterial and antimycotic activity in plants used in Argentinean folk medicine

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María Claudia Luján

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un cribado de 31 extractos de plantas utilizadas en medicina popular de Argentina para evaluar su actividad antibacteriana y antimicótica, con el empleo de cepas de Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus oxacilina sensible y Candida albicans. Se utilizaron distintas concentraciones de cefazolina, ampicilina y miconazol como antibióticos testigos. Se aplicó el método de difusión en pozos de agar nutritivo. Se evaluó la actividad de extractos acuosos de material vegetal. Las estructuras vegetativas y/o reproductivas de Conyza sumatrensis mostraron actividad contra todos los microorganismos tratados, mientras 7 taxones lo hicieron contra Proteus mirabilis y los extractos de la semilla de Bauhinia forficata subsp. pruinosa contra Staphylococcus aureus. Los resultados revestirían potencialidad farmacológica debido a la importancia clínica de los microorganismos estudiados.A screening of 31 extracts of plants used in Argentine folk medicine for antimicrobial activity was made. The activity of aqueous extracts from vegetal material was assayed. Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, oxacillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were used as microorganisms. Different concentrations of cefazolin, ampicilin and miconazole were used as standard antibiotics. The agar-well diffusion method was used. Vegetative or reproductive structures of Conyza sumatrensis showed activity against all the microorganisms studied, whereas 7 taxons did it against Proteus mirabilis and seed extracts from Bauhinia forticata subsp. pruinosa did it against Staphylococcus aureus. The results should have pharmacological potentiality due to the clinical importance of the studied microorganisms.

Estrutura fitossociológica do componente arbóreo de um fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Densa na mata sul de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil

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Roberto Felix Costa

2008-01-01

Full Text Available This work aimed to describe physiognomy and structure of a Dense Ombrophyllous Forest fragment located in Catende, Pernambuco. All trees with DAP (breast height diameter ≥ 4.77 cm were measured in 40 10 x 25 m plots, systematically installed in five transects. A total of 1049 individuals were observed, distributed in 91 species, 64 genera and 37 botanical families. Mimosaceae and Lauraceae were the families with higher species number, while Anacardiaceae and Moraceae had the highest individuals numbers. Shannon index (H´ was 3.83 nats/ind. Total basal area, height and diameter (average and maximum were 23.59 m²/ha, 13.57 m (± 7.13, 45 m, 13.20 cm (± 10.60 and 127.32 cm, respectively. The species with higher importance values were Tapirira guianensis Aubl., Dialium guianense (Aubl. Sandwith, Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl. Rusby, Thyrsodium spruceanum Benth., Plathymenia foliolosa Benth., Brosimum discolor Schott, Parkia pendula (Willd. Benth. ex Walp., Schefflera morototoni (Aubl. Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin, Eschweilera ovata (Cambess. Miers and Cecropia palmata Willd. Diametric distribution had an inverted-J-like curve, predicted for a forest unequal in ages in a secondary succession stage.

Plantas medicinais utilizadas pela população atendida no "Programa de Saúde da Família", Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil Medicinal plants used by the population assisted by the "Programa de Saúde da Família" (Family Health Program in Governador Valadares County - MG, Brazil

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Beatriz Gonçalves Brasileiro

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um estudo sobre a utilização de plantas medicinais pela população atendida no Programa de Saúde da Família em Governador Valadares, Estado de Minas Gerais, a fim de resgatar, preservar e utilizar este conhecimento em trabalhos com a comunidade. Foi usada a metodologia de questionários pré-estabelecidos, que foram aplicados pelos Agentes de Saúde da Família. O estudo foi feito em 27 bairros da cidade, sendo aplicados 2454 questionários, resultando em 232 plantas citadas como medicinais pela população entrevistada. As principais indicações de uso das plantas medicinais foram como calmante (10%, contra gripe (18% e infecções (9%. A maioria das plantas utilizadas são preparadas na forma de chá (78% e obtidas em cultivo próprio (57%, sendo que, em geral, o conhecimento sobre o uso e modo de preparo da plantas medicinais foi obtido dos familiares (67%. A maioria das espécies citadas e utilizadas popularmente possui atividade farmacológica já comprovada na literatura necessitando, entretanto, de orientação correta sobre seu cultivo e emprego terapêutico.This study was conducted to evaluate the use of medicinal plants by the population assisted by the "Programa de Saúde da Família" in Governador Valadares -MG, in order to rescue, preserve and use this knowledge in works carried out with the community. The preestablished questionnaire methodology was used. Those questionnaires were applied by the Family Health Agents. The study was accomplished in 27 residential quarters, as being applied 2454 questionnaires, and 232 plants were mentioned as medicinal ones by the interviewed population. The main indications for using the medicinal plants were: as sedative (10%, against influenza (18% and infections (9%. Most plants under use are prepared as tea (78% and are obtained in own cropping (57%. In general, the knowledge on the use and preparation of the medicinal plants proceeded from their

In vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial activities of some plants traditionally used in Guatemala against malaria.

OpenAIRE

Franssen, F F; Smeijsters, L J; Berger, I; Medinilla Aldana, B E

1997-01-01

We present an evaluation of the antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects of four plants commonly used in Guatemalan folk medicine against malaria. Methanol extracts of Simarouba glauca D. C., Sansevieria guineensis Willd, Croton guatemalensis Lotsy, and Neurolaena lobata (L.)R.Br. significantly reduced parasitemias in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Dichloromethane fractions were screened for their cytotoxicities on Artemia salina (brine shrimp) larvae, and 50% inhibitory concentrations were de...

Estudo da estabilidade química da magnetita utilizada como adsorvedor na remoção de compostos orgânicos de soluções

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Ortiz N.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Um resíduo siderúrgico composto predominantemente por magnetita (Fe3O4 finamente dividida foi empregado como material adsorvedor não convencional na adsorção e fixação de compostos corantes orgânicos tóxicos. Estudos preliminares indicaram que a magnetita quando utilizada em meio ácido (pH<3 sob agitação contínua pode apresentar diversos graus de desagregação e de solubilização. Este efeito é indesejável em sistemas adsortivos porque representa redução na porcentagem de remoção de composto tóxico orgânico e possível aumento de contaminação por produtos de dissolução e de desagregação da magnetita. Soluções de metasilicato de sódio, sulfato de ferro e hidróxido de sódio foram empregadas nos processos de estabilização de quatro frações granulométricas da magnetita usadas como adsorvedor não convencional em meio ácido. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o tratamento com metasilicato de sódio das frações de magnetita resulta em redução de 1% nos valores de remoção de composto tóxico corante da solução (de 98% para a fração sem tratamento para 97% para a fração com tratamento com metasilicato e redução nos valores de constante de velocidade de adsorção (k ab de 30.10-3 mg.g-1.min-1 para 10.10-3 mg.g-1.min-1. Embora tenha sido observada redução na capacidade adsortiva das frações tratadas e na velocidade de adsorção, este efeito foi considerado aceitável comparando-se o aumento da estabilidade química e redução nos valores de perda de massa em 46%. Analisando-se as isotermas obtidas para as frações #30 com e sem tratamento, pode-se confirmar que o tratamento com metasilicato promoveu um processo de adsorção mais favorável, com menor interferência dos processos de dissolução, de desagregação e maior correspondência com o modelo de Freundlich.

Onset of autumn shapes the timing of birth in Pyrenean chamois more than onset of spring.

Science.gov (United States)

Kourkgy, Charlotte; Garel, Mathieu; Appolinaire, Joël; Loison, Anne; Toïgo, Carole

2016-03-01

In seasonal environments, birth dates are a central component for a species' life history, with potential long-term fitness consequences. Yet our understanding of selective pressures of environmental changes on birth dates is limited in wild mammals due to the difficulty of data collection. In a context of rapid climate change, the question of a possible mismatch between plant phenology and birth phenology also remains unanswered for most species. We assessed whether and how the timing of birth in a mountain mammal (isard, also named Pyrenean chamois, Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) tracked changes in plant growing season, accounting for maternal traits, individual heterogeneity and population density. We not only focused on spring conditions but also assessed to what extent onset of autumn can be a driver of phenological biological events and compared the magnitude of the response to the magnitude of the environmental changes. We relied on a 22-year study based on intensively monitored marked individuals of known age. Births were highly synchronized (80% of kids born within 25 days) and highly repeatable (84%; between-female variation of 9.6 days, within-female variation of 4.2 days). Individual phenotypic plasticity allows females to respond rapidly to interannual changes in plant phenology but did not prevent the existence of a mismatch: a 10-day advance in the autumn or spring plant phenology led to 3.9 and 1.3 days advance in birth dates, respectively. Our findings suggest that plant phenology may act as a cue to induce important stages of the reproductive cycle (e.g. conception and gestation length), subsequently affecting parturition dates, and stressed the importance of focusing on long-term changes during spring for which females may show much lower adaptive potential than during autumn. These results also question the extent to which individual plasticity along with high heterogeneity among individuals will allow species to cope with demographic

Análisis de las metodologías de evaluación financiera, económica, social y ambiental de proyectos de inversión agrícola utilizadas en Colombia

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Ramón Antonio Rosales Álvarez

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Se reporta una investigación enfocada a evaluar las metodologías utilizadas en la década de los noventa en proyectos de tipo agricola, particularmente en los distritos de riego, identificando las fortalezas y debilidades teóricas y técnicas y operativas en los aspectos financieros, económicos, sociales y ambientales. A partir de una selección de los proyectos de mayor envergadura implementados por el sector agricola durante el periodo se realiza la evaluación de las metodologías con base en un conjunto de normas teóricas estándar en la evaluación de proyectos, 10 cual permite identificar las fortalezas y debilidades técnicas en la evaluación de dichos proyectos. Los resultados del estudio muestran que en la mayoria de los proyectos analizados, se presentan deficiencias técnicas básicas en materia de parámetros esenciales corno las tasas de descuento y la no utilización de precios sombra. Así mismo los proyectos no involucran los costos ambientales en los flujos de fondos, 10 cual afecta la realidad de la valoración de proyecto mismo haciéndolos artificialmente más rentables en términos de una comparación internacional. De la misma manera, son prácticamente inexistentes las valoraciones sociales y por tanto no es posible evaluar los impactos sobre el bienestar y la utilidad social. Sobre las bases de datos del Proyecto más importante emprendido por el sector agricola para dicho periodo (Ariari, se incorporan los aspectos de medición y cuantificación del riesgo, encontrándose que sí existen beneficios técnicos al combinar metodologías financieras.

Análisis de las metodologías de evaluación financiera, económica, social y ambiental de proyectos de inversión agrícola utilizadas en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ramón Antonio Rosales Álvarez

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Se reporta una investigación enfocada a evaluar las metodologías utilizadas en la década de los noventa en proyectos de tipo agrícola, particularmente en los distritos de riego, identificando las fortalezas y debilidades teóricas y técnicas y operativas en los aspectos financieros, económicos, sociales y ambientales. A partir de una selección de los proyectos de mayor envergadura implementados por el sector agrícola durante el período se realiza la evaluación de las metodologías con base en un conjunto de normas teóricas estándar en la evaluación de proyectos, lo cual permite identificar las fortalezas y debilidades técnicas en la evaluación de dichos proyectos. Los resultados del estudio muestran que en la mayoría de los proyectos analizados, se presentan deficiencias técnicas básicas en materia de parámetros esenciales como las tasas de descuento y la no utilización de precios sombra. Así mismo los proyectos no involucran los costos ambientales en los flujos de fondos, lo cual afecta la realidad de la valoración de proyecto mismo haciéndolos artificialmente más rentables en términos de una comparación internacional. De la misma manera, son prácticamente inexistentes las valoraciones sociales y por tanto no es posible evaluar los impactos sobre el bienestar y la utilidad social. Sobre las bases de datos del Proyecto más importante emprendido por el sector agrícola para dicho período (Ariari, se incorporan los aspectos de medición y cuantificación del riesgo, encontrándose que sí existen beneficios técnicos al combinar metodologías financieras.

Vegetative Analysis of the Flookplain of the Trinity River, Texas,

Science.gov (United States)

1974-09-30

humilis var. longiflora (Gray) Fern. Ruellia Ruellia nudiflora (Gray)1*~ n_ __ Rush Juncus nodatus Coy.f Rush Juncus Torreyi Coy. Rush-foil...scurfpea Psoralea rhombifolia T. & G.J Royal fern Osmunda reai var. §pectabilis (Willd.) Gray Ruellia Ruellia caroliniensis (Walt.) Steud. Ruellia Ruellia ...o’clock Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) 1 Wild indigo Baptisia Nuttalliana, SmallJ Wild onion Allium canadense L. Wild petunia Ruellia Corzoi Tharp & Barkl

Isotherms and isosteric heat of sorption of two varieties of Peruvian quinoa

OpenAIRE

Augusto Pumacahua-Ramos; José Antonio Gomez Vieira; Javier Telis-Romero; Harvey Alexander Villa-Vélez; Jose Francisco Lopes Filho

2016-01-01

The isosteric heats of sorption of two varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoaWilld.) grain were determined by the static gravimetric method at four temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) andin relative humidity environments provided by six saturated salt solutions. Six mathematical equations were used to model the experimental data: GAB, Oswin, Henderson, Peleg, Smith and Halsey. The isosteric heat of sorption was determined using the parameters ...

Aportaciones a la flora de Galicia, VIII

OpenAIRE

Gómez Vigide, F.; García Martínez, X.R.; Silva Pando, F.J.; González Domínguez, J.; Blanco Dios, J.B.; Rodríguez González, A.; Rial Pousa, S.; Álvarez Graña, D.; Caamaño Portela, J.L.; Pino Pérez, J.J.; Pino Pérez, R.

2006-01-01

Se citan 37 plantas de variado interés para la flora gallega. Se incluyen 8 novedades de carácter regional (Pteris incompleta Cav., Potentilla recta L., Myriophyllum spicatum L., Solanum sisymbrifolium Lam., Knautia integrifolia (L.) Bertol., Senecio inaequidens DC. Melica arrecta G. Kunze y Stipa clausa Trab.), 17 novedades provinciales (Vandenboschia speciosa (Willd.) G. Kunkel, Ranunculus bupleuroides Brot., Silene niceensis All., Armeria transmontana (Samp.) Lawr., Alcea rosea...

A new subspecies of Celastrus (Celastraceae from the Palni hills of South India

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S. John Britto

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Celastrus paniculatus Willd. ssp. angladeanus S.J. Britto, B. Mani and S. Thomas new subspecies from the Palni hills, Western Ghats of Tamilnadu, South India is described and illustrated. The new ssp. is similar to Celastrus paniculatus ssp. aggregatus but differs in flame-coloured branchlets, terminal, erect and stiff panicles exceeding leaves, prominent gibbous and oblique capsules, flowers polygamous but predominantly pistillate and 3-seeded capsules.

Determination of potassium concentration in organic samples by means of x-ray fluorescence analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soto Moran, R.L.; Szgedi, S.

1993-01-01

By means of x-ray fluorescence analysis and the inner standard method using KH 2 PO 4 as the added chemical compound, potassium concentration of roots, stems , leaf, flowers and grains from Quinua (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd). which was previously treated with a nitrogen ed fertilizers has been determined taking into account the increasing effect the average atomic number due to used standard. Experimental errors are lower than 10 %

Nutrient retranslocation in forest species in the Brazilian Amazon

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Murilo Rezende Machado

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Internal retranslocation is an important mechanism for nutrient conservation in plants, which depends on different factors. However, there are little data about this subject, especially on tropical forest species. This study aimed to evaluate the macronutrient retranslocation dynamic and the influence of ecological (P: pioneer x NP: non-pioneer and phenological (ND: non-deciduous x D: semideciduous / deciduous characteristics on the macronutrient content of leaves of five tree species on monospecific plantations in the Brazilian Amazon: Acacia mangium Willd., Parkia decussata Ducke, Dipteryx odorata (Aublet Willd., Jacaranda copaia (Aubl. D. Don and Swietenia macrophylla King. Photosynthetically active green leaves and senescent leaves (leaf litter were collected. Retranslocation was estimated through an equation proposed by Attiwill, Guthrie and Leuning (1978. The pioneer species presented higher foliar contents of N; the non-pioneer species presented higher contents of K, Ca and S; and the results were inconclusive for P and Mg. The deciduous species presented higher foliar contents of K and of P, whereas the foliar contents of N, Ca, Mg and S were virtually identical between the phenological groups. The internal retranslocation of foliar nutrients in pioneer and non-deciduous species was higher than that of non-pioneer and deciduous species.

Genetic improvement of the quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) by mutagenesis; Mejoramiento genetico de la quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) por mutagenesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hernandez A, M

1992-02-15

As a continuation of the obtained advances of the AB173 project, where its had the studies about germination of the quinoa seed in laboratory and in field emergency, of four varieties (Sierra Blanca, Isluga, Barandales and Lipez) treated with 10 gamma radiation doses of Co, in this report the results are presented obtained on the response of the doses in three variables of agronomic importance: 1) height of the plant, 2) population's density and 3) grain yield. At the end one carries out a regression analysis in each one of the varieties, in the emergency variables in field, population's density and grain yield. The obtained results reveal, in general form that the four varieties respond in different form, as much among them as before those different radiation dose. (Author)

Chemical constituents isolated from the wood of Senna reticulata Willd. (Leguminoseae); Constituintes quimicos do caule de Senna reticulata Willd. (Leguminoseae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, Rogerio Nunes dos; Silva, Maria Goretti de Vasconcelos [Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica Organica e Inorganica]. E-mail: mgvsilva@ufc.br; Braz Filho, Raimundo [Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ (Brazil). Setor de Quimica de Produtos Naturais

2008-07-01

The phytochemical investigation of the wood extracts of Senna reticulata (Leguminoseae) yielded six anthraquinones: chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, 1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone, 3-methoxy-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone, emodin and the chrysophanol-10,10' bianthrone. The triterpenes {alpha} and {beta}-amirin, the steroids {beta}-sitosterol and stigmasterol as well as the flavonoid kaempferol were also identified. The structures were established by spectral analysis, including two-dimensional NMR techniques. It is the first report of 1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone and 3-methoxy-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone in higher plants. (author)

AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK UMBI AKAR GINSENG JAWA (Talinum triangulare Willd. [Antioxidant Activity of Javanese Ginseng (Talinum triangulare Willd. Root Extracts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teti Estiasih1

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Antioxidant activity of some extracts of javanese ginseng root was investigated. Javanese ginseng root extracts were prepared by solvent extraction using methanol, ethanol (96%, ethanol (70%, acetone, and hexane. Total antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured by ferric thiocyanate method, whereas radical scavenging capacity and reducing power were measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and the reducing potential methods, respectively. The result showed that the highest total antioxidant activity was observed in acetone and methanol extracts. It was supposed that the ability of these extracts for partitioning at the interface of the emulsion in the tested oxidation system was the highest among other extracts, therefore it had the best activity to inhibit oxidation. The highest radical scavenging capacity measured by EC50 was observed in acetone extract. The type of phenolic compounds of this extract was suggested to be responsible for the highest radical scavenging capacity. Different phenomena occurred for reducing power. Methanol extract had the highest reducing power and the least is hexane and acetone extract. It was suggested that each extracts comprised different types of phenolic based on different polarity of solvents used for extraction. The antioxidant compounds of javanese ginseng root extracts were primary antioxidant based on these ability to scavenge free radical. It could be concluded that acetone was the best solvent for antioxidant extraction of javanese ginseng root. However, all tested antioxidant mechanisms in this research showed that vitamin E (1000 ppm had better activity than javanese ginseng root extracts (1000 ppm for all types of solvent. Javanese ginseng extracts might contain other compounds that not responsible for antioxidant activity, therefore at the same concentration the activity were lower than vitamin E.

Nutrient Intake of the Repatriated United States Army, Navy and Marine Corps Prisoners-of-War of the Vietnam War

Science.gov (United States)

1978-11-01

species Banana flowers Hoa hien Cucurbita papo Linn. Pumpkin Cu toi Allium sativum Linn. Garlic Cu don do Daucus carota Linn. Carrot Cu he Allium ...hau Citrullus vulRaris Schrad ’.atermolon Thom (dua) Ananassa staiva Lindl. Pineapple Hanh Allium cap& Linn. Onion He Allium angulosum Linn. Mouse...Ait. Sago Dua Bloa lan Pisum sativum Linn. Green peas Lentilles Lens esculenta Moench Lentils Hot sen Nelumbium speciosum Willd. Lotus Ngo sen Nelumbium

Vorkommen und Soziologie der Cuscuta-Arten in der Ufervegetation des Niederrheins

OpenAIRE

Schmitz, Ulf; Lösch, Rainer

2016-01-01

Um den Stand der gegenwärtigen Verbreitung der drei in der Ufervegetation des Niederrheins vorkommenden Cuscuta-Arten C. lupuliformis KROCKER, C. europaea L. und C. gronovii WILLD. festzustellen, wurde eine Kartierung beider Rheinufer zwischen Monheim-Baumberg (Kr. Mettmann) und der niederländischen Grenze durchgeführt. Cuscuta europaea und Cuscuta lupuliformis sind im gesamten Rheinverlauf häufig zu finden, wobei letztere Art die Prallufer des Rheins bevorzugt. Die seltenere Art Cuscuta gron...

Water Quality Management Studies. Postimpoundment Study of R.E. ’Bob’ Woodruff Lake, Alabama River, Alabama.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-08-01

species richness and density. Such changes are easy to see if stresses are severe. However, subtle stresses can result in subtle changes in community...1976). This clogging of canals is possible because the channels are relatively narrow and the decumbent stems growing from I each side can- come into...CL.) Grisebach CE) Sacgittaria latifolia Willd. POACEAE CE) Fri,2n t hus giganteus (Walt.) Muhl. CFl-lv) Hydrochloa carotini’nsis Beauvois (E) Leersia

Farmacovigilancia: Una herramienta poco utilizada Pharmacoepidemiology: An unappreciated tool

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Walter Vasen

2006-06-01

Full Text Available La farmacovigilacia es una herramienta esencial para el control de los fármacos utilizados en nuestro país, el presente artículo muestra una revisión de los elementos más destacados en el tema y un resumen de los sistemas regulatorios vigentes en la Argentina y de la experiencia de la Red de Farmacovigilancia de los hospitales del Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, con el objetivo de informar y estimular a los colegas a la denuncia de los efectos adversos de los medicamentos.Pharmacoepidemiology is an essential tool for controlling drugs used in our country. The present article reveals the most relevant aspects on the topic, summarizes regulatory tools currently used in Argentina and explores the experience of the Pharmacoepidemiology Network in public hospitals of Buenos Aires City. The aim is to inform and stimulate colleagues to report adverse effects of drugs.

[Histo-anatomical researches of two subspecies of Lavandula angustifolia Mill].

Science.gov (United States)

Robu, Silvia; Galeş, Ramona; Toma, C; Stănescu, Ursula

2011-01-01

The structure of the inflorescences of two subspecies of Lavandula angustifolia sL. angustifolia ssp. angustifolia and. L. angustifolia ssp. pyrenaica (D.C.) Guineaţ was studied to determine the range of variation in certain histo-anatomical characters. The flower and leaf structure has been analysed on cross and superficial section using the usual techniques and methods applied in plant histo-anatomical research. In cross-section, inflorescence axis has a squared-shape contour, with four proeminent ribs. On the epiderme of inflorescence axis there are present stomata, trichoms and secretory hairs. The trichoms are pluricelullar and T-branched. The secretory hairs have a short pedicel and a uni-or bicellular head. The study revealed that there are only quantitative differences, referring to the degree of sclerification and lignification of mechanical elements and the size of the vascular bundles.

Potencial de espécies utilizadas como adubo verde no manejo integrado de plantas daninhas Potential of species used as green manure in the integrated weed management

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E.A.L. Erasmo

2004-09-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Estação Experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi-TO, Brasil. O experimento foi instalado com o objetivo de avaliar durante 60 dias, em campo, a interferência de oito espécies utilizadas freqüentemente como adubos verdes (Mucuna aterrima, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Crotalaria spectabilis, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Pennisetum americanum e Sorghum bicolor, híbrido BR304 sobre a comunidade infestante. As espécies de plantas daninhas mais freqüentes na área do experimento foram: Digitaria horizontalis, Hyptis lophanta e Amaranthus spinosus. Foram realizadas amostragens aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias após a formação da cobertura, utilizando um quadrado de amostragem equivalente a 0,25 m². As plantas daninhas foram devidamente identificadas, coletadas, secas e pesadas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado e constou de nove tratamentos, com quatro repetições cada. Verificou-se que as espécies C. spectabilis, S. bicolor, C. ochroleuca, M. aterrima e M. pruriens reduziram significativamente o número e o peso da matéria seca da população das plantas daninhas avaliadas (D. horizontalis, H. lophanta e A. Spinosus, principalmente as duas últimas, enquanto P. americanum mostrou-se a menos eficiente nesse aspecto.This work was carried out at the Experimental Station of the University of Tocantins, Gurupi-TO, Brazil, to evaluate the interference of eight species frequently used as green manure (Mucuna aterrima, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Crotalaria spectabilis, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Pennisetum americanum and Sorghum bicolor, hybrid BR304 in the weed community, for sixty days under field conditions. The most frequent weed species in the experimental area were Digitaria horizontalis, Hyptis lophanta and Amaranthus spinosus. Samplings were made at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after formation of green manure covering, using

Sexual dimorphism of pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica based on skull morphometry

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García-González, R.

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Sexual dimorphism in skull characteristics of Pyrenean chamois is studied in a sample of 85 adults (36 males and 49 females by means of 26 quantitative variables. Skull variables were analised by multiple regression and principal component techniques. The Pyrenean chamois shows one of the smallest sexual skull dimorphisms of the Rupicapra subspecies. Only length, thickness, and related variables of horns present significant differences between sexes. Nevertheless, horn height was statistically identical in both sexes. Ecological implications of skull variability and skull variables relationships are discussed. Several discriminant functions were developed by means of discriminant analysis. Those that better identified sexes include horn core diameters. We also developed other functions based on upper skull variables that could be used to identify incomplete specimens or archaeological remains.

[fr]
Nous avons étudié les dimorphismes sexuels de l'isard en travaillant sur 26 mesures cranéométriques issues d'un échantillon de 85 crânes adultes (soit 36 mâles et 49 femelles. Les analyses ont porté sur la comparaison des moyennes, la régression multiple et l'analyse en composante principale. Il s'avère que l'isard pyrénéen présente un des plus bas dimorphisme craneal du genre Rupicapra. Seuls la longueur et l'épaisseur des cornes et leurs variables associées ont montré des différences significatives entre les sexes. Les implications écologiques de la variabilité entre les crânes et des relations entre les variables cranéométriques sont discutées. En utilisant l'analyse discriminante, nous arrivons à développer quelques fonctions nous permettant d'identifier le sexe des exemplaires complets ou incomplets. Les fonctions se basant sur l'épaisseur des cornes ont permis une meilleure classification.
[es]
Se ha estudiado el dimorfismo sexual del sarrio a partir de 26 medidas craneométricas tomadas en una muestra de 85 cráneos adultos (36 machos y 49 hembras. Hemos realizado un análisis de comparación de medias y análisis de regresión múltiple y de componentes principales. El sarrio presenta uno de los menores dimorfismos craneales del género Rupicapra. Solo la longitud y grosor de los cuernos y variables relacionadas con ellos, mostraron diferencias significativas entre sexos. Sin embargo, la altura de los cuernos no presentó diferencias significativas. Se discuten las implicaciones ecológicas de la variabilidad encontrada en los cráneos y de las relaciones entre variables craneométricas. Por medio de análisis discriminantes desarrollamos varias funciones que permiten la identificación sexual de ejemplares completos e incompletos. Las funciones que permiten una mejor clasificación se basan en las variables del grosor de los cuernos.

Isolation of Antidiabetic Principle from Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Department of Botany, Multanimal Modi (PG). College, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India, and a voucher specimen (no. MMCM/02/013) deposited in the herbarium of Department of. Botany, Multanimal Modi (PG) College,. Modinagar, for future reference. Extraction and isolation. Stem bark of B. spectabilis was air-dried under a.

Plant growth and laboratory atmosphere. [Phaseolus multiflorus Willd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Richter, O

1903-01-01

The author observed that Phaseolus seedlings grown under glass bell jars which were closed off by water were two or three times as long as those seedlings which were grown under jars without the water closure. It was suspected that coal gas or other impurities were causing these results. Thus, experiments were performed to determine if indeed coal gas was affecting plant growth. Results indicated that coal gas has an inhibiting effect on the growth and length of the seedlings, but it also promotes the growth in thickness. Shortening and thickening was proportional to the concentration of the coal gas and the time of exposure. Mercury vapors were found to produce similar differences in height and thickness of seedlings as coal gas, but they are at the same time lethal to the plants.

Isotherms and isosteric heat of sorption of two varieties of Peruvian quinoa

OpenAIRE

Pumacahua-Ramos, Augusto; Gomez Vieira, José Antonio; Telis- Romero, Javier; Villa-Vélez, Harvey Alexander; Lopes Filho, Jose Francisco

2016-01-01

The isosteric heats of sorption of two varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) grain were determined by the static gravimetric method at four temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and in relative humidity environments provided by six saturated salt solutions. Six mathematical equations were used to model the experimental data:  GAB, Oswin, Henderson, Peleg, Smith and Halsey. The isosteric heat of sorption was determined using the parameters of the GAB model. All the equations were shown...

Estimation of Moisture Content & Metal Ions in White Flowers of Bougainvillea spectabilis and Purple Flowers of Bougainvillea glabra in Pakistan

OpenAIRE

*S. A. Rashid; F. S. Rehmani; 1M. Arman; M. Ibrahim; 2S. Shafique

2011-01-01

Bougainvillea consists of 18 shrubby species, growing in different parts of Pakistan and is being used as Anti-ulcer, Anti-diarrheal, Anti-microbial, Anti- diabetic, Amylase Inhibition and as for low blood pressure but none of the studies on Bougainvillea focused on the estimation of metal ion concentration. The focus of the present study was to estimation of moisture content and comparative analysis of trace metal ions in white flowers of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd and Purple flowers of...

Biology of the Central Desert of Oman

OpenAIRE

GHAZANFAR, Shahina A

2004-01-01

A biological survey of the central desert of Oman was done using long distance transects. Vegetation was sparse and consisted of 200+ plant species, 22 species of mammals, 17 species of reptiles and amphibians, and more than 50 species of birds (migratory and resident). Three main vegetation types were identified based on ground substrate and the dominance of species. These were communities with Acacia Willd., Zygophyllum L., and open woodlands of Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce. Over-grazing a...

Constituintes químicos do caule de Senna reticulata Willd. (Leguminoseae: Chemical constituents isolated from the wood of Senna reticulata Willd.

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Rogério Nunes dos Santos

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The phytochemical investigation of the wood extracts of Senna reticulata (Leguminoseae yielded six anthraquinones: chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, 1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone, 3-methoxy-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone, emodin and the chrysophanol-10,10' bianthrone. The triterpenes a and b-amirin, the steroids b-sitosterol and stigmasterol as well as the flavonoid kaempferol were also identified. The structures were established by spectral analysis, including two-dimensional NMR techniques. It is the first report of 1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone and 3-methoxy-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone in higher plants.

Efecto de la temperatura de almacenamiento sobre la viabilidad de bacterias simbióticas fijadoras de nitrógeno utilizadas en la elaboración de inoculantes biológicos para arveja (Pisum sativum y soya (Glycine max

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Lina M. Moreno Conn

2014-07-01

Full Text Available El nitrógeno es un elemento requerido en grandes cantidades por los cultivos, sin embargo, en el suelo es uno de los elementos más limitantes ya que se encuentra en formas poco disponibles para las plantas y debe ser incorporado a través de la fertilización química o por medio de la fijación biológica llevada a cabo por microorganismos. Las bacterias simbióticas fijadoras de nitrógeno han sido ampliamente utilizadas para la elaboración de inoculantes, constituyéndose en una alternativa viable para mejorar el rendimiento de los cultivos a través de un mejor suministro de este elemento. Estos inoculantes para que puedan ser comercializados deben cumplir con ciertos requisitos de calidad que garanticen el buen funcionamiento del producto. En este estudio se evalúo la viabilidad de las cepas ICA L9 e ICA J96 en inoculantes almacenados a temperaturas de 4±2, 18±3 y 28±2 °C durante 180 días y la actividad biológica en plantas de arveja y soya. Las cepas utilizadas pertenecen al Banco de Germoplasma de Microorganismos de Corpoica; para los ensayos biológicos se emplearon semillas de arveja variedad “Santa Isabel” y soya variedad “Corpoica Superior 6”. Al evaluar la viabilidad de los inoculantes almacenados a 4±2 °C, 18±3 °C y 28±2 °C, se evidenció que la temperatura no afectó la supervivencia y la concentración de rizobios después de 180 días de almacenamiento permitiendo observar un número de unidades formadoras de colonias por gramo superior a 108, valor que garantiza la calidad del inoculante. En cuanto a la actividad biológica, se observó que las cepas inoculadas fueron infectivas y efectivas para la fijación biológica del nitrógeno, comparado con los testigos absolutos. Nitrogen is an element required in large amounts by most crops, however, in soil is one of the most limiting and located in ways not available to the plant and must be incorporated through chemical fertilization or by biological

Aportacions a la flora de les comarques transibèriques, II

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Rovira, Ana M.

1988-01-01

Full Text Available Not availabe

[fr] On expose quelques nouveautés taxonomiques et chorologiques pour la Flore des comarques catalanes du Sud de l'Ebre. On décrit deux nouveaux taxa: Brassica repanda (Willd. DC. subsp. dertosensis Molero & Rovira et Helianthemum pilosum (L. Pers. var. pseudoasperum Molero & Rovira. On propose aussi une nouvelle combinaison nomenclaturelle: Reseda lutea L. subsp. vivantii (P. Montserrat A. Rovira. Dans l’aspecte chorologique, Euphorbia lagascae Sprengel est indiquée pour la première fois en Catalogne: la plupart des autres espèces sont des nouveautés pour les comarques catalanes du Sud de l'Ebre. [ca] Presentem un recull de novetats corològiques i taxonòmiques per a les comarques catalanes situades alsud de l'Ebre. Es descriuen dos tàxons nous: Brassica repanda (Willd. DC. subsp. dertosensis Molero & Rovira i Helianthemum pilosum (L. Pers. var. pseudoasperum Molero & Rovira. S'estableix una nova combinació nomenclatural: Reseda lutea L. subsp. vivantii (P. Montserrat A. Rovira. En l'aspecte corològic. Euphorbia lagascae Sprengel representa una novetat per a Catalunya. La majoria de les altres citacions representen novetats pel conjunt d'aquestes comarques catalanes meridio-occidentals.

ESCALAS ATITUDINAIS UTILIZADAS EM ESTUDOS DE CONSUMIDOR: TRADUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO PARA A LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA

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L. L. S. SOARES

2008-12-01

Full Text Available

O consumidor moderno está cada vez mais exigente em relação aos produtos que ingere, tornando o processo de seleção e consumo de alimentos mais complexo. Questões relacionadas ao meio ambiente e à saúde podem influenciar o processo de escolha e compra de alimentos. O conhecimento de tal atitude que é composta por crenças e valores, pode contribuir para um melhor direcionamento e organização do mercado de alimentos. Há, portanto, a necessidade de avaliar o efeito de questões relacionadas à saúde na atitude do consumidor, que pode ser feito através de instrumentos simples e práticos. Para tal, foram desenvolvidas escalas, como a Health and Taste Attitude Scales (HTAS, que investiga o interesse do consumidor por alimentos saudáveis e o efeito do sabor no processo de escolha e intenção de compra de produtos. Outra questão que vem ganhando importância, refere- se à atitude do consumidor frente aos produtos orgânicos. Neste caso, investigar a atitude do consumidor em relação às possíveis conseqüências da compra de alimentos orgânicos, através da aplicação de questionário apropriado, deverá contribuir para o conhecimento deste mercado. Tais instrumentos estão disponíveis na língua inglesa, não podendo, portanto, ser aplicados em estudos com consumidores brasileiros. O presente estudo objetivou traduzir e validar, para o português, o questionário sobre as Possíveis Conseqüências da Compra de Orgânicos e as sub-escalas de atitude em relação à saúde (Health Attitude Scale. A metodologia utilizada foi a back-translation, capaz de estabelecer equivalência conceitual e semântica entre duas línguas distintas, após o processo de tradução. Os resultados foram analisados

Qualidade da água utilizada para equipamentos de hemodiálise em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva / Water quality of hemodialysis systems at Intensive Care Unit

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Simone Aparecida Galerani Mossini

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Existem critérios e regulamentos para a avaliação da qualidade da água em serviços de unidade de terapia ambulatorial e recomendações específicas para os procedimentos realizados em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI. Um estudo exploratório foi conduzido em equipamentos de hemodiálise em UTI, em uma cidade do Sul do Brasil. Amostras de água foram coletadas da rede de abastecimento público e pós-osmose reversa associa-da a dois aparelhos de hemodiálise, entre janeiro e junho de 2011. Espectrometria de emissão óptica com fonte de plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES foi utilizada para análise de metais em níveis de traços. Análises bacteriológicas foram realizadas para pesquisa de bactérias heterotróficas. Os dados obtidos mostraram que as concentrações dos metais não excederam os limites estabelecidos pela legislação. A análise bacterioló-gica da água para hemodiálise resultou em contagem inferior a 200 UFC/mL, em todos os meses avaliados, com exceção do mês de fevereiro. Os resultados obtidos corroboram o fato de que a manutenção e os cuidados necessários com a água para o tratamento dialítico têm sido efetivos. A prevenção de complicações decorrentes de contaminantes químicos ou microbiológicos na água para hemodiálise em UTI requer uma atenção cons-tante, uma vez que as condições dos pacientes são diferentes daquelas encontradas em atendimento ambulatorial. --------------------------------------------------------------------- There are rules and regulations for assessment of water quality services in ambulatory care unit and specific recommendations for the procedures performed in intensive care units (ICU services. An exploratory study was conducted at hemodialysis equipment in ICU in a Southern Brazil city. Water samples were directly collected from the network public supply and from post-reverse osmosis associated with hemodialysis equipaments, monthly from January to June 2011. Mass

Optimización de la medida de conductividad en membranas poliméricas para pilas de combustible

OpenAIRE

Espeso González, Iván

2016-01-01

El objetivo de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en la medida de conductividad iónica de membranas poliméricas de intercambio iónico en diferentes celdas de conductividad para poder optimizar este tipo de medidas y evaluar las ventajas e inconvenientes que presenta cada una de las celdas de conductividad utilizadas para poder ser utilizadas con otro tipo de membranas poliméricas utilizadas también como electrolitos sólidos en pilas de combustible. Se han utilizado co...

Estrategias de mercadeo verde utilizadas por empresas a nivel mundial

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Castellano, Susie

2015-09-01

Full Text Available La preocupación por el medio ambiente se ha convertido en una temática que inquieta a toda la colectividad actual, desde los más pequeños hasta los más grandes, desde la pequeña empresa hasta la gran industria. Sumado a esto, el auge de normativas ambientales que establecen regulaciones al empresario, los obliga a tener una mayor conciencia de los daños que pueden causar sus acciones al medio ambiente. Es por esto, que paulatinamente ha comenzado, por parte de las empresas, la adopción de estrategias en el área de mercadeo verde que les permita comercializar sus productos y servicios de forma que los mismos sean ambientalmente compatibles. En el presente trabajo, se abordaron las diferentes estrategias que han venido asumiendo empresas de diferente índole para hacer frente a tan importante filosofía en el ámbito mundial. Para tal fin, se hizo la revisión y contrastación de artículos escritos en el marco del mercadeo verde por Rivera y Molero (2006, Chamorro (2001, Samper y Echeverri (2008 principalmente, encontrándose que cada vez son más las empresas que se suman a esta forma de mercadear sus procesos y productos y más los consumidores que anteponen criterios ecológicos ante variables de otra índole, modificando sus hábitos de consumo.

La predicción diferencial del nivel de depresión por las variables nivel de actividad, actitudes disfuncionales y estilo atributivo en función de la puntuación y la medida de depresión utilizada

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Wenceslao Peñate Castro

2004-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio ex post facto trata de poner a prueba cómo algunos predictores del nivel de depresión también son una función de la medida utilizada. Los predictores tenidos en cuenta corresponden al nivel de actividad, el estilo atribucional y las actitudes disfuncionales. Para medir la depresión se han utilizado el BDI, con una representación importante de los contenidos relacionados con la distorsión cognitiva y el CBD-r con contenidos relacionados con la afectividad triste. A una muestra de 123 estudiantes se les administraron, además del BDI y el CBD-r, los siguientes cuestionarios: la escala relacionada al estado de ánimo del cuestionario de eventos agradables (PES-MR, el Cuestionario de Estilos Atribucionales (ASQ y la Escala de Actitudes Disfuncionales (DAS. Los resultados muestran parcialmente la relación predicha entre predictores y medidas de la depresión, ya que el nivel de actividad está relacionado con cualquiera de las dos medidas, pero parece observarse que, mientras a nivel atribucional está más cercano a la medida del CBD-r, las actitudes disfuncionales están más vinculadas a la depresión medida por el BDI. Estos resultados se discuten de acuerdo con los distintos componentes de la depresión y en qué medida la búsqueda de sus predictores es también la búsqueda de la compleja composición del fenómeno depresivo.

Learning strategies used by undergraduate and postgraduate students in hybrid courses in the area of health Estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por estudiantes universitarios y de posgrado en asignaturas semi-presenciales en el área de la salud Estratégias de aprendizagem utilizadas por graduandos e pós-graduandos em disciplinas semipresenciais da área de saúde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry Maia Peixoto

2012-06-01

aprendizagem de graduandos e pós-graduandos em uma universidade brasileira, matriculados em disciplinas semipresenciais da área de saúde. Foram convidados todos os 220 alunos concluintes, dos quais 67,27% aceitaram participar da pesquisa. Foi utilizada metodologia exploratória, que analisou dados quantitativos, coletados por um instrumento estruturado. Pôde-se observar semelhança entre graduandos e pós-graduandos quanto à maioria dos hábitos de ensino e estratégias de aprendizagem, assim como maior proporção daqueles que leram mais da metade do conteúdo, dos que preferem estudar sozinhos, além do elevado uso da maioria das estratégias avaliadas. Conclui-se que ambos os grupos apresentaram hábitos de estudo adequados e utilizaram satisfatoriamente as estratégias de aprendizagens investigadas.

Rural Women organized around the Cultivation of Quinoa

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Yenny Paola Oyola Carvajal

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Rural women have always participated in the reproductive and productive spheres of family systems. Today they are continuously participating in organizational spaces beyond the household, where they play a determinant role in the welfare of their family members by generating income that increases the possibility of the household’s economic sustainability. The article illustrates this phenomenon through the experience of a group of women from the municipality of Soracá (Boyacá, Colombia, who have started to cultivate quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Desarrollo de producto sobre la base de harinas de cereales y leguminosa para niños celíacos entre 6 y 24 meses; II: Propiedades de las mezclas

OpenAIRE

Cerezal Mezquita, P.; Urtuvia Gatica, V.; Ramírez Quintanilla, V.; Arcos Zavala, R.

2011-01-01

Las formulaciones alimenticias de alto contenido proteico, aportado por una mezcla de harinas a partir de dos cultivos andinos, quinua (Chenopodium quinua Willd) y lupino (Lupi-nus albus L), con dos cereales tradicionales maíz (Zea mays L.) y arroz (Oryza sativa L.), conllevaron a la preparación de una 'mezcla dulce' para la elaboración de queques y otra "mezcla postre" saborizada con plátano, que puede ser preparada con agua o con leche, constituyeron una buena alternativa como suplemento al...

Seleção de clones de Hevea brasiliensis para a região de Mococa, estado de São Paulo. Clone selection of Hevea brasiliensis to Mococa region, state of São Paulo.

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Israel Luiz de LIMA

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. Juss., a seringueira, é utilizada para a produção de látex e, ao final do ciclo produtivo, a madeira também pode ser aproveitada. Dessa maneira, o melhoramento genético visa aumentar a produção tanto de látex quanto de madeira. Este estudo teve por objetivo determinar a variabilidade genética, o controle genético de caracteres de crescimento e a seleção de clones para a região de Mococa, Estado de São Paulo. Um teste clonal foi instalado no município de Mococa, com delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com oito tratamentos (clones, três repetições e 12 plantas por parcela, utilizando-se o espaçamento entre plantas de 7 x 2 m. Os caracteres avaliados foram: diâmetro à altura do peito – DAP, altura total – ALT, altura da bifurcação – AB e volume real individual de madeira – VOL. Diferenças significativas foram detectadas entre os clones para todos os caracteres, o que indica a possibilidade de melhoramento pela seleção. O coeficiente de herdabilidade no sentido amplo foi alto (0,72 para AB e baixo para DAP e VOL. O coeficiente de correlação genética foi alto, positivo e significativo para os caracteres DAP x ALT, DAP x VOL e ALT x VOL, o que indica que a seleção em um caráter pode trazer ganhos indiretos em outro. Os resultados mostraram que a seleção de clones com maior DAP pode resultar no aumento da ALT e VOL de plantios comerciais da espécie. Pode-se destacar o clone RRIM701, proveniente da Malásia, como o mais indicado para todos os caracteres de crescimento, bem como para o cultivo em Mococa-SP. Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. Juss., locally known as seringueira, is used for latex production and at the end of production cycle, wood may be used for furniture. Thus, the breeding aimed at increasing the production of latex and wood. Our goal was to determine the genetic variability, genetic growth control of traits and selection of clones from Mococa

Palinologia de espécies de Nyctaginaceae Juss. ocorrentes nas restingas do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Palynology of species of Nyctaginaceae Juss. from the restingas of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

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Mariana Albuquerque de Souza

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas oito espécies de Nyctaginaceae Juss., com o objetivo de caracterizá-las palinologicamente e, assim, contribuir para a elaboração de um catálogo polínico da flora das restingas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. As espécies examinadas foram Boerhavia diffusa L., Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, B. spectabilis Willd., Guapira obtusata (Jacq. Little, G. opposita (Vell. Reitz, G. pernambucencis (Casar. Lund., Leucaster caniflorus (Mart. Choisy e Mirabilis jalapa L. Os grãos de pólen foram acetolisados, mensurados, descritos e fotomicrografados. A análise de microscopia eletrônica de varredura foi utilizada em grãos de pólen não acetolisados, para confirmar as descrições feitas sob microscopia de luz e, em alguns casos para confirmar as descrições de abertura e ornamentação. Constatou-se que os grãos de pólen da espécie B. diffusa L. são grandes, apolares, esferoidais, 12-18-porados, com sexina espiculada; as espécies de Bougainvillea possuem grãos de pólen médios, isopolares, suboblatos, âmbito subtriangular, área polar grande, 3-colpados, sexina reticulada contendo espinhos diminutos sobre o muro e báculos livres no interior dos lumens; em Guapira os grãos de pólen são médios, isopolares, prolato-esferoidais, âmbito subtriangular, área polar grande, 3-colpados, colpos apresentando opérculo, sexina espinhosa em G. obtusata e G. pernambucensis, e microrreticulada em G. opposita; L. caniflorus apresenta grãos de pólen pequenos, isopolares, prolato-esferoidais, âmbito subtriangular, área polar pequena, 3-colpados, sexina reticulada; M. jalapa apresenta grãos de pólen muito grandes, apolares, esferoidais, pantoporados (ca. 32 poros, sexina espinhosa. Pela análise dos resultados obtidos pôde-se concluir que as espécies analisadas apresentam certa heterogeneidade polínica quanto à forma, aos atributos das aberturas e à ornamentação da sexina, podendo-se usar estes caracteres na taxonomia da fam

Entrenamiento propioceptivo para la remada de soporte en vertical en natación sincronizada

OpenAIRE

Hernández Mendizábal, Silvia

2015-01-01

Una de las técnicas más utilizadas en natación sincronizada son las remadas y, en concreto; La remada americana, utilizada para mantener las piernas por encima de la superficie mientras el cuerpo se mantiene en vertical cabeza abajo, por debajo del agua. Homma, Homma y Washizuya (2008) describen la función de esta remada como: "remada propulsiva y de soporte, utilizada con el objetivo de mantener la máxima altura fuera del agua". Estudios biomecánicos han profundizado con sistemas bidimension...

The historical and recent distribution and status of mammals in Portugal

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Margarida Santos-Reis

1996-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Historical and recent data on Portuguese mammals are presented in this paper, occurring on the mainland and/or in the Azores and Madeira Atlantic islands. Nowadays, 95 species of mammals are known in Portugal, of which only one (Nyctalus azoreum is an endemic species and three others (Pipistrellus maderensis, Microtus cabrerae and Lynx pardina are exclusive for Portugal and Spain. Moreover, two other species, Mustela vison and Sciurus vulgaris are recent records for the Portuguese fauna, the first due to an accidental introduction and the second resulting from a recolonization by Spanish populations. Of the remaining species, around 50% (46 species are threatened in different degrees, 34.8% (16 species being considered endangered or vulnerable. Mammals extinct in Portugal are the Gerês goat (Capra pyrenaica lusitanica and the bear (Ursus arctos.

La utilidad de los modelos de distribución de especies en la gestión cinegética de los ungulados silvestres

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Refoyo, P.

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The usefulness of species distribution models in hunting management of wild ungulates We developed a distribution model of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica using the maximum entropy method (Maxent based on information from the database of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment. The goal was to study the usefulness of such models to determine potential areas for reintroduction or natural colonization of the species. To validate the model, we used data generated from known densities of the Iberian ibex in 107 protected areas: 26 areas where the species is present, and 81 where it is not present. Findings showed that the preferred habitat for the species has steep slopes, altitude over 1,000 m, and seasonal variation in precipitation and temperature. We detected a significant relationship between the densities obtained in the study areas and their relation to the preferred habitat. Our results indicate these models can be useful in species management planning to determine areas for reintroduction of the species.

Serologic and virologic investigations into pestivirus infection in wild and domestic ruminants in the Pyrenees (NE Spain).

Science.gov (United States)

Marco, I; Rosell, R; Cabezón, O; Beneria, M; Mentaberre, G; Casas, E; Hurtado, A; López-Olvera, J R; Lavín, S

2009-08-01

An outbreak of disease associated to a border disease virus was described in the Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) in Spain in 2002. Sera and/or spleen samples from 57 mouflon, 15 red deer, 21 roe deer, 3 fallow deer, 55 sheep, 32 cattle, and 68 goats sharing the chamois habitat were studied. An antibody ELISA test yielded an inconclusive result in 2 mouflon and positive results in 5 goat sera. Comparative virus neutralization tests were performed on the 2 inconclusive mouflons, 3 of the 5 seropositive goats, 55 sheep and 32 cattle, using 6 pestivirus strains. Positive results were obtained in 1 mouflon, 2 goats, 69% of sheep and 78% of cattle. Virological investigations performed with an antigen ELISA test yielded negative results in 21 goats and 39 mouflons, the result in 1 mouflon being inconclusive. PCR performed on 12 goats and the inconclusive mouflon gave negative results. These results suggested that it is unlikely that chamois BDV is infecting wild and domestic ruminants.

Morfología básica de 17 introducciones del género Ocimum en el departamento del Valle

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Estrada Edgar Iván

1987-09-01

Full Text Available Los objetivos del trabajo fueron establecer un jardín de introducciones de albahaca y contribuir en la caracterización botánica de las cultivariedades introducidas al banco de germoplasma. La colección se realizó en el departamento del Valle en campos de cultivo, áreas de vegetación natural, huertos caseros y mercados locales. En 6 zonas se recolectaron 17 introducciones, pertenecientes a 5 especies del genero Ocimum tres cultivadas (O. basilicum L., O. americanum Jacq Host y 0. minimum L. y dos ornamentales (O. gratissimum Hook y O. micranthum Willd. Se determinó visualmente alta variación para características fenotípicas tales como arquitectura de plantas, presencia de pubescencia, tipo de inflorescencia, flores, hojas y frutos.The objetives of this work were the collection and stablishment of a garden of albahaca and a contribution to the botanical characteristic of the cultivars introduced in the germoplasm bank .The collection was gathered at cultivated fields, natural vegetation areas, house gardens and local markets. Seventeen (17 species were collected, all belonging to the generous Ocimum from six different zones of Valle del Cauca. Three species are cultivated (O. basilium L., O. americanum Jack Host y O. minimum L. and two are considered ornamentals (O. gratissimum Hook y O. micranthum Willd. Phenotipicaly, high variety was observed in the plant architecture, in its pubescence presence, in the type of inflorescence and in flowers, leaves and fruits.

Ensaios preliminares em laboratório para verificar a ação moluscicida de algumas espécies da flora brasileira Preliminary laboratory tests of the molluscicide activity of some species of Brazilian flora

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Nelymar Martineli Mendes

1984-10-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se em laboratório a atividade moluscicida de 68 extratos de 23 plantas brasileiras. As soluções em água desclorada dos extratos hexânicos e etanólico, nas concentrações de 1, 10 e 100 ppm, foram testadas sobre caramujos adultos e desovas de Biomphalaria glabrata, criados em laboratório. As plantas que demonstraram ação moluscicida na concentração de 100 ppm foram: Arthemisia verlotorum Lamotte, Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth, Cassia rugosa G.Don., Eclipta alba Hassk, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd, Euphorbia splendens Bojer, Joannesia princeps Vell, Leonorus sibiricus L.,Macrosiphonia guaranitica Muell,Nerium oleander L., Palicourea nicotianaefolia Cham, e Schlech., Panicum maximum M., Rumex crispus L., Ruta graveolens L., e Stryphnodendron barbatiman M.The molluscicide activity of sixty-eight extracts from twenty-three Brazilian plants was studied in the laboratory. The solutions, in dechlorinated water, of hexanic and ethylic extracts at 1, 10 and 100 ppm concentrations, were tested on adult snails and egg masses of Biomphalaria glabrata, reared in the laboratory. The plants with molluscicide activity on adult snails and/or egg masses at 100 ppm concentration were: Arthemisia verlotorum Lamotte, Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth, Cassia rugosa G. Don, Eclipta alba Hassk, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd, Euphorbia splendens Bojer, Joannesia princeps Vell, Leonorus sibiricus L., Macrosiphonia guaranitica Muell, Nerium oleander L., Palicourea nicotianaefolia Cham. and Schlech., Panicum maximum M., Rumex crispus L., Ruta graveolens L. and Stryphnodendron barbatiman M.

Avaliação das propriedades mecânicas de atadura gessada de três diferentes fabricantes, utilizada para confecção de órteses Evaluation of the mechanical properties of plaster bandages used for orthosis manufacture, marketed by three different manufacturers

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Gustavo Cardoso Vieira

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Foram realizados testes mecânicos com atadura gessada de três diferentes fabricantes, utilizada para confecção de órteses. Para isso, foram confeccionados corpos de provas (CDPs na forma de placas e de cilindros. Os CDPs foram submetidos a dois tipos de ensaios mecânicos: para o grupo das placas foi realizado ensaio de flexão em três pontos e para o grupo dos cilindros, ensaio de compressão. Os ensaios mecânicos foram realizados na Máquina Universal de Ensaios EMIC®. Três propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas após os ensaios: carga no limite máximo, carga no limite de proporcionalidade e rigidez. Os resultados mostraram que um fabricante foi superior aos demais para as propriedades avaliadas.Mechanical tests have been performed in plaster bandages used in orthosis supplied by three different manufacturers. For this, bodies of evidence (BOEs were made with plates and cylinders shapes. BOEs were submitted to two kinds of mechanical assays: for the plate group, a flexion assay was performed at three points, and, for the cylinder group, a compression assay was performed. Mechanical assays were performed on the Universal Assay Machine EMIC®. Three mechanical properties were assessed after assays: maximum limit load, proportional limit load and stiffness. Results show that a manufacturer was superior over the others for the properties assessed.

Analysis of dendrometric characteristics of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study gives an analysis of the dendrometric parameters of a middle Sahelian species (Acacia senegal) in semi-arid environment to get better knowledge of its behavior. The research lays the principle that the species behaves differently according to the ecogeographical stations. So, its characteristics change from one ...

Development of pharmacognostic profile of Alpinia galanga,Willd. (Zingiberaceae

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Shrikant Sharma

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Alpinia galanga, Rosc. (Zingiberaceae, commonly known as Kulanjan, Greater galangal, well known Ayurvedic herb and found throughout India. It is an Indian folkloric Ayurveda medicine primarily used as a medicine due to its anti-bronchitis, anti-inflammatory, intermittent fever, anti-cough, gastric disorder anti-bacterial, properties; The aim of present study was to gather information for the systematic identification and authentication of this particular species and pharmacognostic standardization of aerial part (leaves and underground part (Rhizome of this plant as per WHO guidelines. The result obtained in the present investigation might be useful in the drug industry for the identification, authentication & quality of the commercial samples supplied by suppliers. The present study may also be used for making monographs on this plant for different pharmacopoeias & official books.

Study of Volatile Components of Acacia farnesiana Willd . Flowers

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Papaefthimiou Evangelia

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The chemical composition of the essential oil and the absolute of five populations of Acacia farnesiana, cultivated in Greece, have been investigated. The saturated hydrocarbons tricosane, nonadecane and heneicosane, along with methyl salicylate, characterized the chemical analysis of the essential oils and the absolutes, while hexadecanoic acid and α -amyrine were important constituents of some absolutes.

Photoperiod Adaptation of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bendevis, Mira Arpe

of drought are the major constraints on agricultural productivity. However, quinoa originates from the Andean region and the majority of available cultivars are facultative short day plants and exhibit severely reduced, or completely disrupted, seed production under day lengths longer than 12 hours...... day length responses in contrasting cultivars. Throughout this study, separate controlled environment experiments, involving contrasting cultivars, were employed to evaluate yield performance and compare leaf level physiological responses to changes in day length and the influence of different light...

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp. Willd.) for European lawns: A review

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Magni, S.; Pompeiano, Antonio; Gaetani, M.; Caturegli, L.; Grossi, N.; Minelli, A.; Volterrani, M.

2017-01-01

Roč. 12, č. 4 (2017), s. 395-402, č. článku 925. ISSN 1125-4718 Institutional support: RVO:86652079 Keywords : Adaptation * Establishment * Remote sensing * Sports use * Stress tolerance Subject RIV: EH - Ecology, Behaviour OBOR OECD: Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7) Impact factor: 0.687, year: 2016

Variability of traits quinoa introduced genotypes (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

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Dražić Slobodan

2013-01-01

Full Text Available We analyzed variability and influence of investigated factors on grain yield of quinoa during three year period (2009, 2010, 2011. The experiment was conducted at two locations (Nova Pazova and Surduk, using two introduced genotypes of quinoa: KVL 37 and KVL 52. We detected that location and genotype had important impact. Grain yield varied according to years of study (1224 kg/ha to 1671 kg/ha. Results of regression and correlation analysis indicate on variation of the impact of plant height and number of plants per meter on the grain yield. Correlation coefficients were generally low and didn't show as significant. This indicates that these studies included small number of properties that can affect grain yield. In further work with this introduced species, more properties should be included.

Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Drymaria cordata (Linn.) Willd ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Also, D. cordata produced significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of temperature elevation in the 2,4-DNP and yeast-induced hyperthermia models with ... that the aqueous whole plant extract of Drymaria cordata possesses analgesic and antipyretic properties mediated through peripheral and central mechanisms.

Corrimiento del límite austral en tres especies de Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae) y su posible relación con el cambio climático en Buenos Aires, Argentina

OpenAIRE

Guerrero, Elián L.; Cellini, Juan Manuel

2017-01-01

ResumenSe cita por primera vez para la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) la especie Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia (Raddi) Alston. Además se brindan nuevas localidades para Pleopeltis minima (Bory) J. Prado & R.Y. Hirai y para P. macrocarpa (Bory ex Willd.) Kaulf. Las especies que motivan este artículo son características de los bosques en galería de la Mesopotamia. Las mismas parecen estar extendiendo su distribución geográfica hacia el sur, al igual que otras plantas vasculares y animales de...

Análisis estadístico exploratorio de dos tipos de secado de quinua

OpenAIRE

Mena Reinoso, Angel Patricio

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo “Análisis Estadístico Exploratorio de dos Tipos de Secado de Quinua” permite realizar una validación estadística del tipo de secador que posea una alta eficiencia, rendimiento en el secado de este tipo de cereal (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Para el efecto se empleó el secador de bandejas y un secador solar tipo invernadero, el experimento se llevó a cabo con tres tipos de muestras, una con cascara y las otras escarificadas. La quinua fue sometida a un secado ...

Pteridophyta collected in Northern Nigeria and Northern Cameroon

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Jan kornaś

2014-01-01

Full Text Available 25 species of Pteridophyta were collected in Northern Nigeria (mainly the Lake Chad Basin and the Mandara Mts. and in the neighbouring parts of Cameroon. 11 of them have not been recorded previously from this area: Isoetes schweinfurthii A. Br. in Bak., Selaginella tenerrima A. Br. ex Kuhn, Ophioglossum gomenzianum Welw. ex A. Br., Marsilea coromandeliana Willd., M. distorta A. Br., M. nubica A. Br., M. subterranea Lepr. ex A. Br., Azolla africana Desv., Ceratopteris richardii Brogn., Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn., and Actiniopleris semiflabellata Pic. Ser.

ECUACIONES PARA ESTIMAR EL PODER CALORÍFICO DE LA MADERA DE CUATRO ESPECIES DE ÁRBOLES

OpenAIRE

Dimas Agostinho-Da Silva; Braulio Otomar-Caron; Carlos R. Sanquetta; Alexandre Behling; Denise Scmidt; Rogério Bamberg; Elder Eloy; Ana Paula Dalla-Corte

2014-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo fue ajustar ecuaciones de regresión que expresen el poder calorífico superior (PCS) de la madera de cuatro especies forestales: Acacia mearnsii De Willd., Eu - calyptus grandis Hill, Mimosa scabrella Benth. y Ateleia glazioviana Baill. El procedimiento de selección de variables hacia atrás se utilizó para generar ecuaciones de PCS en función de los contenidos de material volátil (CMV), ceniza (CC), carbono fijo (CCF) y materia orgánica (CMO). Las muestras se recole...

Tamarix duezenlii (Tamaricaceae - a species new to science from southern Turkey

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Halil Çakan

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Tamarix duezenlii, belonging to Tamarix L. ser. Leptostachyae (Bunge Baum, is described as a species new to science. It is related to T. hispida Willd. and T. arborea (Sieber ex Ehrenb. Bunge. From the former species it differs by its dense inflorescences, white petals and paralophic disc; from the latter by a shrubby habit, elliptic petals and calyx abruptly narrowed at the base. The species occurs in saline areas of the Cukurova Deltas at the mouths of the Seyhan and Ceyhan rivers in southern Turkey.

Associações Rhizobium - Leguminosas no Estado de Rondõnia

OpenAIRE

Magalhães,Fátima M. M.; Silva,Marlene F. da

1987-01-01

Verificou-se a ocorrência de nodulação em mudas e/ou individuos adultos de 54 es-pécies da familia Leguminosae em áreas de floresta intacta e áreas perturbadas,no Estado de Rondônia. Das espécies observadas: Acácia polyphyllaÁ. DC., Amburana acreana(Ducke) A. C. Smith, Babieria pinnata(Pers.) Baill., Bauhinia acreanaHarms., BauhiniulongicuspÍ4 Spr. ex Benth., Cassia fastuosaWilld., Dalbergia inundataBenth., Derris ama zonicaKiiiip, Hymenaea reticulataDucke, Machaerium inundaium(Mart. ex Benth...

Efeitos do substrato no enraizamento de estacas caulinares de Bougainvillea.

OpenAIRE

Kathia Maria Barbosa e Silva; Paulo Sérgio Lima e Silva; Edineu Alves Bezerra de Almeida Sillva; Paulo Igor Barbosa e Silva

2005-01-01

A Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. é interessante, nas arborizações residencial e urbana, porque floresce durante todo o ano e apresenta variação de cores de brácteas e tolerância a estresses hídricos. A percentagem de pegamento das estacas da buganvília é, em geral, pequena e pode estar associada ao substrato usado. Oobjetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do substrato sobre a percentagem de enraizamento de estacas de buganvília. Dois experimentos foram realizados, num delineamento intei...

RENTABILIDADE DE PLANTIOS DE ACÁCIA-AUSTRALIANA E DE SISTEMA DE INTEGRAÇÃO LAVOURA-PECUARIA-FLORESTA NO SUDOESTE DO PIAUÍ

OpenAIRE

Araújo, Emanuel França; Universidade Federal do Piauí; Aguiar, Adriano Saraiva; Mestrando em Ciências Florestais do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Brasília; Barbosa, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro; Graduado em Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí; de Brito, Wédison Campos; Graduado em Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí; Cordeiro, Sidney Araújo; Professor Doutor em Ciência Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais.

2015-01-01

Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar análise comparativa dos rendimentos de sistemas agroflorestais e monocultivo com Acacia mangium Willd, em uma área de 10 hectares no município de Bom Jesus no Sudoeste do Estado do Piauí. Foram realizadas análises comparativas das simulações de receitas da venda do carvão vegetal para o sistema de monocultivo, sistema Taungya e integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (iLPF) aos sete anos. Foram coletadas informações levantadas pelos autores, artigos cientí...

Desarrollo de un Protocolo de propagación in vitro de Geranium chilloense Wild. ex Kuth. Y Lupinus pubescens Benth. Para la obtención de plantas completas, para la primera etapa de restauración de las quebradas de Quito

OpenAIRE

Benavides Silva, Thaly Gabriela; Córdova Muñoz, Adriana Isabel

2015-01-01

Geranium chilloense Willd. ex Kunth known as geranio de los Chillos, is an ornamental plant, native of Los Andes it can be found in a wild way in the ravines of the Metropolitan District of Quito and it is part of the history of the native flora of Quito since has been described from the Alexander Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland expedition in 1802. Lupinus pubescens Benth, also known as Ashpa chocho or Allpa chocho, is an herbaceous, native and ornamental plant due to the beauty of his flowers, de...

Desarrollo de producto sobre la base de harinas de cereales y leguminosa para niños celíacos entre 6 y 24 meses; I: Formulación y aceptabilidad

OpenAIRE

Cerezal Mezquita, P.; Urtuvia Gatica, V.; Ramírez Quintanilla, V.; Romero Palacios, N.; Arcos Zavala, R.

2011-01-01

La revalorización de los cultivos andinos, quinua (Chenopodium quinua Willd) y lupino (Lupinus albus L), para ser utilizados en mezclas alimenticias, con cereales tradicionales como maíz (Zea mays L.) y arroz (Oryza sativa L.), originan mezclas sin gluten que constituyen una buena alternativa para la alimentación de niños menores de 24 meses que sufren la enfermedad celíaca, ya que mejoran la calidad de la proteína, por compensación de los aminoácidos esenciales, e incide en la diversificació...

Physiological response of Erythrina velutina Willd. seeds to accelerated aging / Resposta fsiológica de sementes de Erythrina velutina Willd. ao envelhecimento acelerado

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Pedro Nóbrega Quintas Colares

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Seed vigor testing is an important component of quality control programs, and accelerated aging is a possible option in this process. This study was conducted to investigate procedures to assess seed vigor by the accelerated aging test in forest seeds of Erythrina velutina. The experiment was realized at laboratory conditions at Universidade Federal da Paraíba, in Areia – PB, Brazil Northeast. The seeds were stored in plastic bags and kept at 10°C and 50% relative humidity. Accelerated aging was performed at 41°C during 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours; Accelerated aging test identifed differences among seed lots of high and low physiological quality. Seeds were kept in plastic boxes with 40mL of distilled water in a BOD chamber. Seeds were tested for germination and moisture content before and after aging. The results revealed that the combinations 41°C/72 hours and 45°C/24 hours are appropriate for evaluation of the vigor of Erythrina velutina seeds.A avaliação do vigor de sementes tem sido fundamental dentro de programas de controle de qualidade. O teste de envelhecimento acelerado (EA é uma das opções disponíveis, mas não há informações sufcientes sobre sua efciência para sementes forestais, como as de Erythrina velutina. Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em laboratório na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, com o objetivo de estudar procedimentos para condução do teste de EA para avaliar o potencial fsiológico das sementes dessa espécie. O envelhecimento acelerado foi conduzido a 41 e 45°C durante 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas, além da testemunha (sementes não envelhecidas. Realizou-se o teste de emergência das plântulas em campo, a fm de averiguar a qualidade fsiológica das sementes. As sementes foram distribuídas em camada única sobre tela, em caixas plásticas com 40mL de água destilada, no interior de câmara BOD. O teor de água e a germinação das sementes foram determinados antes e após o EA. Os resultados revelaram que as combinações 41°C/72 horas e 45°C/24 horas são adequadas para avaliação do vigor de sementes de Erythrina velutina.

Estudo comparativo da resistência ao desgaste abrasivo do revestimento de três ligas metálicas utilizadas na indústria, aplicadas por soldagem com arames tubulares Comparative study of the wear resistance of three metal cored wire welded coatings used in industry

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Ricardo Vinícius de Melo Leite

2009-12-01

Full Text Available As ligas metálicas aplicadas por soldagem em superfícies, objetivando a proteção contra o desgaste e o conseqüente aumento da vida útil de peças e equipamentos, têm sido utilizadas em larga escala nas indústrias de bens de consumo e nos setores de mineração e sucroalcooleiro. O desgaste abrasivo em peças e equipamentos representa, nestas industriais, um dos principais fatores de depreciação de capital e uma importante fonte de despesas com manutenção. Para a aplicação do revestimento por soldagem, os arames tubulares têm sido uma alternativa cada vez mais viável, devido à sua alta produtividade e qualidade de solda, substituindo, em parte, o uso do eletrodo revestido. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer um estudo comparativo da resistência ao desgaste abrasivo do revestimento aplicado por soldagem com arames tubulares autoprotegidos de três ligas metálicas utilizadas na indústria, uma do tipo Fe-Cr-C, outra do tipo Fe-Cr-C com adição de nióbio e boro e a terceira, do tipo Fe-Cr-C com adição de nióbio. Os revestimentos anti-desgaste, conhecidos como revestimento duro, foram aplicados em chapas de aço carbono, com os mesmos parâmetros e procedimentos de soldagem. Os corpos de prova foram obtidos por corte e retificação e foram submetidos a ensaios de desgaste abrasivo, em um abrasômero Roda de Borracha, conforme procedimento estabelecido pela norma ASTM G65-91. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a liga Fe-Cr-C com adição de Nióbio e Boro apresentou desempenho superior em relação ao desgaste abrasivo.The metal alloys deposited by welding on the components surface, with the objective of protection against wear and the consequent increase in the lifetime of parts and equipments, have been used extensively in the consumer products industry and sectors of Mining and Sugar & alcohol. The abrasive wear on parts and equipments represents one of the main depreciation factors of capital and the major source of

Chemical and bacteriological assessment of irrigation water used in the Agricultural Community Nova Esperança, Manaus - AM = Análise química e bacteriológica da água de irrigação utilizada na Comunidade Agrícola Nova Esperança, Manaus - AM

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Katiuscia dos Santos de Souza

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The evaluation of the quality of the water used for irrigation in agriculture is of great importance for the environmentand human health. The continuous use of contaminated water causes pollution to soil and cultivated crops, causing variousdiseases associated with consumption of contaminated vegetables. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the qualityof irrigation water of three water bodies: artesian wells, cacimbas (kind of graves that collect water from swampy lands andstreams, used in the Nova Esperança Agricultural Community, located between a peripheral urban area and a native forestin Manaus - AM. Potentially toxic metals (PTM: Cd, Cu, Co, Fe, Ni, Mn and Zn were evaluated using atomic absorptionspectrometry by flame and bacteriological analyses (total and faecal coliforms by filter membrane method. The results showedhigh levels of total and faecal coliforms, 89,3% in water samples collected in the three water bodies, as well as high levels of TPM, especially Cd and Pb extremely toxic. Statistical tests showed the influence of the seasonal period on the average concentrations of the PTM and there is not meaning difference of these contaminants on the different water bodies during the period of this study. = A avaliação da qualidade da água utilizada para a irrigação no meio agrícola é relevante tanto para o meio ambiente, quanto para a saúde humana. O uso contínuo de água contaminada acarreta poluição ao solo e às culturas cultivadas, transmitindo doenças por meio do consumo de hortaliças contaminadas. Desse modo, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a qualidade da água de irrigação de três corpos hídricos: poço, cacimba e igarapé, utilizada na Comunidade Agrícola Nova Esperança, localizada entre uma área urbana periférica e uma floresta nativa na cidade de Manaus – AM. Foram avaliados os metaispotencialmente tóxicos (MPT: Cd, Cu, Co, Fe, Ni, Mn, Pb e Zn, utilizando espectrometria de absor

GANANCIA GENÉTICA ESPERADA E INTERACCIÓN GENOTIPO-AMBIENTE EN Acacia mangium EN LA ZONA NORTE DE COSTA RICA

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Benjamín Pavlotzky

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluaron 2 ensayos de progenie de Acacia mangium Willd., con el objetivo de con - tribuir a aumentar su rentabilidad en plantaciones comerciales. Las 25 familias de polinización abierta fueron establecidas en el 2006 en los cantones de Los Chiles y San Carlos, zona norte de Costa Rica, y evaluados en 2007 y 2010. El material genético provino de selecciones de árbo - les plus realizadas por GENFORES, cooperativa costarricense de conservación y mejoramiento genético forestal. Cada accesión estuvo represen - tada por 48 progenies, divididas en 4 parejas de individuos, aleatoriamente distribuidas dentro de cada uno de 6 bloques del ensayo. En la medición del 2010 se evaluó el DAP, tasa de sobrevivencia, número de piezas comerciales por árbol, presen - cia de bifurcación, altura de bifurcación y cali - dad de las primeras 4 trozas. Con base en estas mediciones, se estimó el volumen comercial por árbol y por hectárea. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el software especializado SELEGEN de EMBRAPA, Brasil, con el fin de determinar todos los parámetros genéticos de la población de mejoramiento. Todos los caracteres evaluados exhibieron valores de heredabilidad familiar media superior a h 2 fM >0,46. La ganancia genética estimada en volumen comercial por hectárea fue de 55,8%, si se selecciona como progenitores los 2 mejores individuos dentro de las mejores 12 familias del ranking, lo que corresponde a una producción en volumen comercial de 78,93 m 3 .ha -1 a los 4 años (aproximadamente 20 m 3 .ha -1 .año -1 . Las 2 procedencias colombianas exhibieron un crecimiento significativamente superior a todo el resto de materiales evaluados. No se observó interacción genotipo-ambiente significativa entre ambos sitios. Las correlaciones genéticas entre los caracteres evaluados mostraron que la tasa de crecimiento del DAP se expresa tempranamente en esta especie, y por tanto, podría ser utilizada en una reducción a futuro del

Estudo da concordância das citações de uso e importância das espécies e famílias utilizadas como medicinais pela comunidade do bairro Ponta Grossa, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

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Giovana Secretti Vendruscolo

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Ferramentas para quantificar dados etnobotânicos estão sendo usadas como complementares aos levantamentos sobre a utilização de plantas por populações. Neste trabalho são utilizadas técnicas para avaliar a concordância das citações de uso e a importância das espécies e famílias para as 51 pessoas entrevistadas no bairro Ponta Grossa, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Para tal, foram utilizados os cálculos de Valor de Uso (UV e a porcentagem corrigida de Concordância quanto aos Usos Principais (CUPc para as 142 espécies mencionadas no levantamento. As espécies Aloe arborescens Mill., Citrus × aurantium L., Achyrocline satureioides (Lam. DC., Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Eugenia uniflora L., Cunila microcephala Benth., Citrus limon (L. Osveck, Plectranthus barbatus Andrews, Cymbopogon citratus (DC. Stapf, Psidium guajava L., Artemisia absinthium L., Ocimum basilicum L., Plantago tomentosa Lam., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Persea americana Mill., Aloysia citrodora Palau, Sambucus australis Cham. & Schltdl., Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq. J.F. Macbr., Petroselinum crispum (Mill. Nyman ex A.W. Hill, Ocimum selloi Benth. e Tanacetum vulgare L., nesta ordem de Valor de Uso, foram consideradas como as mais importantes para a população estudada. As famílias mais importantes foram Asphodelaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Rutaceae e Lythraceae. Para o cálculo da porcentagem a corrigida de Concordância quanto aos Usos Principais (CUPc foram consideradas como espécies principais as que apresentaram valores acima de 24%: Eugenia uniflora, Achyrocline satureioides, Psidium guajava, Cunila microcephala, Plectranthus barbatus, Citrus × aurantium, Citrus limon, Cymbopogon citratus, Punica granatum L., Sechium edule (Jacq. Sw., Sphagneticola trilobata (L. Pruski, Aloysia citrodora, Foeniculum vulgare, Plectranthus neochilus Schltr., Artemisia absinthium, Lippia alba (Mill. N.E. Br., Mikania laevigata Sch. Bip ex Baker, Aloe arborescens e Petroselinum

Large-scale patterns of Quercus ilex, Quercus suber, and Quercus pyrenaica regeneration in central-western Spain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Plieninger, Tobias; Rolo, Víctor; Moreno, Gerardo

2010-01-01

In Central-Western Spain, forests and woodlands composed of Quercus sp. support outstanding levels of biodiversity, but there is increasing concern about their long-term persistence due to a lack of regeneration. We hypothesize that this regenerative lack is operating on a large geographic scale....... Regeneration was positively correlated with tree cover and density, especially of small and medium-sized trees, and negatively correlated with the presence of large trees, indicating that regeneration failure is mostly associated with more open, uniform, and/or aged woodlands. Regeneration densities of Q. ilex...

Grouping patterns in a forest dwelling population of Pyrenean chamois.

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Herrero, J.

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Diurnal grouping in a population of Pyrenean chamois Rupicapra p. pyrenaica was studied by direct observation on the edge of their westernmost distribution. The whole area occupied by a population was surveyed by performing monthly fixed transects over one year. The size of 214 groups ranged from 1 to 54. Both size and composition were quite variable and differed between seasons and habitats. Groups were generally very small (45% of only one animal, median: 2; P₇₅=4, which is characteristic of small and low density forest-dwelling populations. Groups appeared to depend strongly on the annual biological cycle, food distribution and vegetation cover. The spatial segregation between males and females was only evident in the summer, when solitary males mostly occupied the forest and females with kids lived on open pasturelands. All the general patterns on size and composition of the groups occurred in this population.

[fr]
Par la voie de l'observation directe nous avons étudié le grégarisme journalier chez une population d'isard (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica à la limite occidentale de l'aire de répartition de l'espèce. La surface complète occupée a été suivie par de trajets fixes mensuels durant un an. La taille des différents troupeaux a varié de là 54 individus. De même, la composition était également très variable et changeait d'une saison à l'autre ou d'un habitat à l'autre. De manière générale, les troupeaux étaient très petits (45% de seulement un animal, moyenne: 2 ; P₇₅=5, c'est la caractéristique des petites populations, à basse densité et vivant en forêt. Les groupes étaient fortement conditionnés par le cycle annuel, la distribution des ressources alimentaires et le recouvrement végétal. La ségrégation spatiale entre mâles et femelles avait lieu seulement en été, moment où les mâles solitaires occupaient surtout la forêt tandis que les femelles avec les

Heterogeneity and loss of soil nutrient elements under aeolian processes in the Otindag Desert, China

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Danfeng; Wang, Xunming; Lou, Junpeng; Liu, Wenbin; Li, Hui; Ma, Wenyong; Jiao, Linlin

2018-02-01

The heterogeneity of the composition of surface soils that are affected by aeolian processes plays important roles in ecological evolution and the occurrence of aeolian desertification in fragile ecological zones, but the associated mechanisms are poorly understood. Using field investigation, wind tunnel experiments, and particle size and element analyses, we discuss the variation in the nutrient elements of surface soils that forms in the presence of aeolian processes of four vegetation species (Caragana microphylla Lam, Artemisia frigida Willd. Sp. Pl., Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. and Stipa grandis P. Smirn) growing in the Otindag Desert, China. These four vegetation communities correspond to increasing degrees of degradation. A total of 40 macro elements, trace elements, and oxides were measured in the surface soil and in wind-transported samples. The results showed that under the different degradation stages, the compositions and concentrations of nutrients in surface soils differed for the four vegetation species. Aeolian processes may cause higher heterogeneity and higher loss of soil nutrient elements for the communities of Artemisia frigida Willd. Sp. Pl., Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel, and Stipa grandis P. Smirn than for the Caragana microphylla Lam community. There was remarkable variation in the loss of nutrients under different aeolian transportation processes. Over the past several decades, the highest loss of soil elements occurred in the 1970s, whereas the loss from 2011 to the present was generally 4.0% of that in the 1970s. These results indicate that the evident decrease in nutrient loss has played an important role in the rehabilitation that has occurred in the region recently.

Effect of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb leaves level in the diet on feed intake and body weight gain of Kacang goat

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E. D. W. Lawa

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This study was conducted to analysis the effect of levels of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb. Willd. leaves in the diet on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain of Kacang goats. The completely randomized block design using 5 treatments and 5 replications was used in this experiment. The treatments were 5 concentrate feeds containing different levels of white kabesak leaves i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% in the dry matter (DM basis (representing T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatments, respectively. The feeds were set up to contain 11.5-12.5% of crude protein (CP. Concentrate feed and native grass was fed at ratio of 60 : 40 was fed to 5 local male goats (age 1-1.5 years old and initial weight of 16.7±5.0 kg. The results showed that DM, organic matter (OM, and CP intake of T0 was not significantly different from those of T1 goats, but it was significantly higher (P<0.05 than those of T2, T3 and T4. The DM, OM, CP, and crude fiber (CF digestibility as well as body weight gain in T2 goats were significantly higher (P<0.05 and had feed conversion ratio that was significantly better (P<0.05 compared to those of the other feed treatments. In conclusion, the most optimum level of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb. Willd. leaves used in concentrate feed for goat was 20 %.

Especies forrajeras utilizadas bajo silvo-pastoreo en el centro de Chiapas

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R. Pinto

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de conocer los usos, la composición química y degradabilidad ruminal de especies arbóreas y herbáceas del trópico mexicano, se desarrolló el presente trabajo en el Valle Central del estado de Chiapas, México. A través de entrevistas con productores se identificaron 14 leñosas y 7 herbáceas con mayor mención forrajera, así como sus múltiples usos. De éstas, el contenido de PC varió de medio a alto (5.8-28.7%, sobresaliendo las especies herbáceas, el contenido de MO fue muy similar entre especies (79.1 96.6% y los niveles más altos de FDN y FDA se encontraron en los frutos y las mayores concentraciones de FT en los follajes arbóreos. En términos de degradabilidad a 24 h de la PC, MS y MO, sobresalieron el follaje de G. americana y el fruto de E. cyclocarpum (P<0.05, en tanto, el follaje y fruto de A. pennatula, y el follaje de B. ungulata y M. hondurana presentaron los valores más bajos (P<0.05 de todas las especies en evaluación. Los parámetros de degradabilidad ruminal (a, b, a+b, c de los frutos fueron menores en comparación a los follajes. Sobresalió el fruto de E. cyclocarpum por su alto potencial de degradabilidad. Para el caso del follaje, excepto el género Acacia, todas las especies presentaron valores altos de degradabilidad ruminal de la MS

Plantas medicinais utilizadas na comunidade urbana de Muribeca, Nordeste do Brasil

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Gisele Lopes de Oliveira

2010-06-01

Full Text Available As modernas condições de vida das comunidades urbanas comprometem o uso e transmissão do conhecimento tradicional sobre plantas medicinais. Neste trabalho foi verificada a alteração provocada por treinamento sobre plantas medicinais de um grupo de seis moradoras da comunidade de Muribeca (Jaboatão do Guararapes, PE, comparando-as com vinte moradores com conhecimento adquirido tradicionalmente. A partir de 26 entrevistas semi-estruturadas foram calculados o Fator de Consenso dos Informantes (FCI e a Importância Relativa (IR das plantas citadas pelos dois grupos. As moradoras com treinamento no uso e manipulação citaram 70 espécies, das quais Petiveria alliacea L. e Ocimum selloi Benth. apresentaram os maiores valores de IR (2,0 e 1,6; os sistemas corporais mais indicados e respectivos FCI foram: doenças infecciosas (1,0, doenças das glândulas endócrinas, da nutrição e metabolismo (0,9 e do sistema osteomuscular e tecido conjuntivo (0,89. Os moradores sem treinamento citaram 55 espécies, com maiores valores de IR para Cymbopogon citratus (DC Stapf (2,0, Lippia alba (Mill. N.E. Br. (2,0 e Mentha x villosa Huds. (1,8; os sistemas corporais mais indicados e respectivos FCI foram: doenças parasitárias (1,0, transtornos dos sistemas nervoso (0,79 e gastrintestinal (0,72. As espécies citadas são semelhantes, mas o treinamento influenciou a importância relativa e indicações de usos das plantas.Modern ways of life in urban communities have altered the use and popular transmission of knowledge about medicinal plants. This study evaluated the changes induced by training in medicinal plants in a group of female residents of the urban community of Muribeca (Jaboatão do Guararapes, Pernambuco, comparing them with other community members who have traditionally acquired knowledge. Semi-structured interviews were employed. Informant Consensus Factor (FIC and Relative Importance (RI of each species cited by the two groups were calculated. Informants trained in use and manipulation cited 70 species, of which Petiveria alliacea L. (2.0 and Ocimum selloi Benth. (1.6 showed higher RI; therapeutic indications with the greatest consensus among informants were: infectious diseases (1.0, diseases of the endocrine glands, nutrition and metabolism (0.9, and of skeletal, muscle, and connective tissue (0.89. Untrained informants cited 55 species, with higher values of RI for Cymbopogon citratus (DC Stapf (2.0, Lippia alba (Mill. N.E. Br. (2.0, and Mentha x villosa Huds. (1.8; parasitic diseases (1.0, disorders of the nervous system (0.79, and gastrointestinal system (0.72 were therapeutic indications with the greatest FIC. Plants cited are similar, but training influenced species relative importance and therapeutic use indications.

Uso de plantas medicinales en la atención primaria de salud en Paraguay: algunas consideraciones para su uso seguro y eficaz

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Nélida Soria

2015-08-01

Full Text Available La incorporación de las plantas medicinales en la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS, constituye un gran desafío. Según la OMS, el uso de las plantas medicinales constituye una terapia más natural, más inocua, efectiva, de un costo racional y asequible a las poblaciones. Para establecer el uso seguro y eficaz es necesaria la correcta identificación taxonómica de las especies y el origen de las mismas. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar taxonómicamente las plantas medicinales utilizadas por pacientes que consultaron en los servicios de Unidad de Salud Familiar (USF de la IV Región Sanitaria del Guairá, Paraguay, de agosto a diciembre de 2.011, además del hábitat de procedencia de las mismas. Los pacientes fueron encuestados sobre las plantas medicinales utilizadas y el modo de empleo de las mismas. Las encuestas fueron acompañadas por muestras de las plantas medicinales utilizadas que posteriormente fueron identificadas taxonómicamente. Se identificaron 56 especies utilizadas para diversos fines medicinales, de las cuales las más mencionadas fueron menta’i (Mentha x piperita, ñangapiry (Eugenia uniflora, salviarã (Lippia alba, koku (Allophylus edulis, typycha curaty (Scoparia dulcis y ka’are (Chenopodium ambrosioides. Dos especies están consideradas en la literatura como tóxicas: “mil hombres” (Aristolochia triangularis y “cepacaballo” (Xanthium spinosum y una especie ka’oveti (Solanum granulosum-leprosum fue mencionada por primera vez para fines medicinales. Dos de las especies utilizadas son tóxicas y su empleo debe evitarse; de ahí la importancia de la correcta identificación taxonómica de las plantas medicinales utilizadas por la población paraguaya, de manera a dar a conocer su toxicidad potencial.

Chinese Medicine Treatment for Afatinib-Induced Paronychia

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Pei-Yuu Yang

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Afatinib (Gilotrif™ is widely used to treat patients with mutant activating epidermal growth factor receptor- (EGFR- dependent lung adenocarcinoma; however, it has various adverse side effects. Here, we report a patient with afatinib-induced paronychia. After Chinese medicine treatment with the well-known anticancer Chinese herbs, Jen-Ren-Hwo-Minq-Saan, and decoction of Ban-Zhi-Lian (Scutellaria barbata with Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao (Hedyotis diffusa Willd, patient’s condition was significantly improved. This shows that these Chinese medicines can not only be used in cancer treatment but also be used in the afatinib-induced paronychia.

Variability of morphometric characteristics of the leaves of European white elm from the area of Great War Island

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Devetaković Jovana

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The European White Elm (Ulmus effusa Willd. is indicated as a rare and endangered species in the growing stock of the Republic of Serbia. In the area of Great War Island, its natural populations were reduced to 56 registered trees, which occur in three spatially isolated subpopulations. On the basis of the research conducted on the level of variability of adaptible morphometric characteristics of leaves from 14 selected test trees of European White Elm, it can be concluded that the degree of interpopulation variability is satisfactory, which is a good basis for the conservation of the available gene pool.

Estudo quÃmico e farmacolÃgico de Senna reticulata

OpenAIRE

RogÃrio Nunes dos Santos

2007-01-01

Este trabalho descreve a investigaÃÃo fitoquÃmica de Senna reticulata Willd., (Leguminoseae), popularmente conhecida no Cearà como mangerioba grande, que tem uso na medicina popular no tratamento de doenÃas do fÃgado, reumatismo e cÃlicas menstruais. Os gÃneros Senna, Chamaecrista e Cassia foram investigados a partir de seus compostos antraquinÃnicos relatados na literatura atà os dias atuais, no interesse de se traÃar um perfil, que contribuÃsse com distinÃÃo quÃmica dos mesmos que atà algun...

An antiviral protein from Bougainvillea spectabilis roots; purification and characterisation.

Science.gov (United States)

Balasaraswathi, R; Sadasivam, S; Ward, M; Walker, J M

1998-04-01

An antiviral protein active against mechanical transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus was identified in the root tissues of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Bougainvillea Antiviral Protein I (BAP I) was purified to apparent homogeneity from the roots of Bougainvillea by ammonium sulphate precipitation, CM- and DEAE-Sepharose chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. BAP I is a highly basic protein (pI value > 8.6) with an Mr of 28,000. The N-terminal sequence of BAP I showed homology with other plant antiviral proteins. Preliminary tests suggest that purified BAP I is capable of interfering with in vitro protein synthesis.

Genetic diversity in Kenyan populations of Acacia senegal (L.) willd ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Acacia senegal belongs to the subgenus, Aculeiferum. It is an African arid and semi arid zone multipurpose tree species, highly valued for gum arabic production, agroforestry and desertification control besides other multiple uses. Genetic variation and resulting variable groupings were assessed using combined ...

Genetic improvement of the quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) by mutagenesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hernandez A, M.

1992-02-01

As a continuation of the obtained advances of the AB173 project, where its had the studies about germination of the quinoa seed in laboratory and in field emergency, of four varieties (Sierra Blanca, Isluga, Barandales and Lipez) treated with 10 gamma radiation doses of Co, in this report the results are presented obtained on the response of the doses in three variables of agronomic importance: 1) height of the plant, 2) population's density and 3) grain yield. At the end one carries out a regression analysis in each one of the varieties, in the emergency variables in field, population's density and grain yield. The obtained results reveal, in general form that the four varieties respond in different form, as much among them as before those different radiation dose. (Author)

Nitrogen fixation of Acacia mangium Willd. from two seed sources ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

These consisted of bulk seedlots collected from seed orchards in Sumatra, one based on natural provenances from the Cairns region, Queensland, Australia, and the other on the Muting natural provenance, Papua, Indonesia. The seedlots were grown under contrasting P supply (application rates of 0 and 100 kg ha−1) on ...

Ethanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa willd. induction of apoptosis via ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jane

2011-08-22

Aug 22, 2011 ... and radiotherapy (Xie et al., 2009). The herb ... integration of multiple survival and death signals (Galluzzi ... (IAP) families of proteins also plays a critical role. The ..... factor Smac/DIABLO as therapy for multiple myeloma (MM).

Two Cycloartenol Synthases for Phytosterol Biosynthesis in Polygala tenuifolia Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Jin, Mei Lan; Lee, Woo Moon; Kim, Ok Tae

2017-11-15

Oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) are enzymes that play a key role in control of the biosynthesis of phytosterols and triterpene saponins. In order to uncover OSC genes from Polygala tenuifolia seedlings induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), RNA-sequencing analysis was performed using the Illumina sequencing platform. A total of 148,488,632 high-quality reads from two samples (control and the MeJA treated) were generated. We screened genes related to phytosterol and triterpene saponin biosynthesis and analyzed the transcriptional changes of differentially expressed unigene (DEUG) values calculated by fragments per kilobase million (FPKM). In our datasets, two full-length cDNAs of putative OSC genes, PtCAS1 , and PtCAS2 , were found, in addition to the PtBS (β-amyrin synthase) gene reported in our previous studies and the two cycloartenol synthase genes of P. tenuifolia . All genes were isolated and characterized in yeast cells. The functional expression of the two PtCAS genes in yeast cells showed that the genes all produce a cycloartenol as the sole product. When qRT-PCR analysis from different tissues was performed, the expressions of PtCAS1 and PtCAS2 were highest in flowers and roots, respectively. After MeJA treatment, the transcripts of PtCAS1 and PtCAS2 genes increased by 1.5- and 2-fold, respectively. Given these results, we discuss the potential roles of the two PtCAS genes in relation to triterpenoid biosynthesis.

Two Cycloartenol Synthases for Phytosterol Biosynthesis in Polygala tenuifolia Willd

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Mei Lan Jin

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs are enzymes that play a key role in control of the biosynthesis of phytosterols and triterpene saponins. In order to uncover OSC genes from Polygala tenuifolia seedlings induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed using the Illumina sequencing platform. A total of 148,488,632 high-quality reads from two samples (control and the MeJA treated were generated. We screened genes related to phytosterol and triterpene saponin biosynthesis and analyzed the transcriptional changes of differentially expressed unigene (DEUG values calculated by fragments per kilobase million (FPKM. In our datasets, two full-length cDNAs of putative OSC genes, PtCAS1, and PtCAS2, were found, in addition to the PtBS (β-amyrin synthase gene reported in our previous studies and the two cycloartenol synthase genes of P. tenuifolia. All genes were isolated and characterized in yeast cells. The functional expression of the two PtCAS genes in yeast cells showed that the genes all produce a cycloartenol as the sole product. When qRT-PCR analysis from different tissues was performed, the expressions of PtCAS1 and PtCAS2 were highest in flowers and roots, respectively. After MeJA treatment, the transcripts of PtCAS1 and PtCAS2 genes increased by 1.5- and 2-fold, respectively. Given these results, we discuss the potential roles of the two PtCAS genes in relation to triterpenoid biosynthesis.

Morphometric Studies of Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook. f. ex. Benth ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... sepal length and petal length were identified as diagnostic morphological characters. Even though the phenetic groups identified within C. anisata could not be classified as morphological varieties, they could still be described and documented for general purposes such as communication, management and conservation ...

Anti-hyperuricemic effect of Plantago depressa Willd extract in rats

African Journals Online (AJOL)

(DOAJ), African Journal Online, Bioline International, Open-J-Gate and Pharmacy Abstracts ... hyperuricemia in mice as previously reported. [11,12]. Sixty rats were ... Dunnett's t-test. .... Anzai N, Endou H. Urate transporters: an evolving field.

Cordia dichotomoa Forst. f Syn. C. obliqua Willd. (English: Sebesten ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

ropes, cordage and paper pulp. The fruit is an astringent and is used in affections o.f urinary passages, diseases o.llllngs and spleen. The decoction of bark is used infevers. The kernels are used in treating ring-worm. The leaves are used in treating ulcers and headache. The plant is used as an antidote to snake-bite.

Cytotoxic Flavones from the Stem Bark of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Do, Lien T M; Aree, Thammarat; Siripong, Pongpun; Vo, Nga T; Nguyen, Tuyet T A; Nguyen, Phung K P; Tip-Pyang, Santi

2018-01-01

Five new flavones possessing a fully substituted A-ring with C-6 and C-8 methyl groups, bougainvinones I - M (1: -5: ), along with three known congeners, 2'-hydroxydemethoxymatteucinol (6: ), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy-6,8-dimethylflavone (7: ) and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-6,8-dimethylflavone (8: ), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the stem bark of Bougainvillea spectabilis . Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic data (ultraviolet, infrared, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance) and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The in vitro cytotoxicity of all isolated compounds against five cancer cell lines (KB, HeLa S-3, MCF-7, HT-29, and HepG2) was evaluated. Compound 5: showed promising cytotoxic activity against the KB and HeLa S-3 cell lines, with IC 50 values of 7.44 and 6.68 µM. The other compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the KB cell line. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Genetic diversity in Kenyan populations of Acacia senegal (L.) willd ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2008-07-18

Jul 18, 2008 ... species grows to 2-15 m tall with a flat or rounded crown. (Maundu et al., 1999). ... Our knowledge on the structure of genetic diversity of. A. senegal in Kenya ..... conclusion that spatial organization of local populations and the ...

Caractérisation des habitats de Dialium guineense (Willd) en ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

30 nov. 2014 ... packages vegan et labdsv afin d'évaluer l'influence des paramètres environnementaux sur la formation des différents groupements végétaux. Les espèces caractéristiques de chaque groupement végétal ont été déterminées à travers la probabilité de la valeur des espèces du test de Monte Carlo après ...

Characterization of diferuloylated pectic polysaccharides from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa WILLD.).

Science.gov (United States)

Wefers, Daniel; Gmeiner, Bianca M; Tyl, Catrin E; Bunzel, Mirko

2015-08-01

In plants belonging to the order of Caryophyllales, pectic neutral side chains can be substituted with ferulic acid. The ability of ferulic acid to form intra- and/or intermolecular polysaccharide cross-links by dimerization was shown by the isolation and characterization of diferulic acid oligosaccharides from monocotyledonous plants. In this study, two diferulic acid oligosaccharides were isolated from the enzymatic hydrolyzate of seeds of the dicotyledonous pseudocereal quinoa by gel permeation chromatography and preparative HPLC and unambiguously identified by LC-MS(2) and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy. The isolated oligosaccharides are comprised of 5-5- and 8-O-4-diferulic acid linked to the O2-position of the nonreducing residue of two (1→5)-linked arabinobioses. To get insight into the structure and the degree of phenolic acid substitution of the diferuloylated polysaccharides, polymeric sugar composition, glycosidic linkages, and polysaccharide-bound monomeric phenolic acids and diferulic acids were analyzed. This study demonstrates that diferulic acids are involved into intramolecular and/or intermolecular cross-linking of arabinan chains and may have a major impact on cell wall architecture of quinoa and other dicotyledonous plants of the order of Caryophyllales. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Serologic survey in a chamois population of Abruzzo

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Leonardo Gentile

2000-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract As part of the Abruzzo National Park wildlife health management program, serum samples from 62 free-living and captive Abruzzo chamois, Rupicapra (pyrenaica ornata, were tested to estimate antibody presence to some pathogenous agents. The serum, drawn during chemical immobilisations for introductions or population study programs, were tested for: bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1, parainfluenza virus (PI3, pesti virus, foot and mouth disease virus (FMD type O-A-C, bovine leukemia virus (BLV, ovicaprini lentivirus, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV, S-phase brucellae, leptospira interrogans, mycobacterium paratuberculosis, chlamydia psittaci, coxiella burnetii, rickettsia mooseri and conori and toxoplasrna gondii. Twenty-three subjects were found positive to BHV-1 (7/62, pestivirus (6/62, EMCV (8/62, leptospira (5/62 and toxoplasma (4/62. Results did not indicate any active infection but only contact with some pathogenic agents.

Evaluation of quality of quinua seed (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) improved by mutagenesis; Evaluacion de calidad de semilla de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) mejorada por mutagenesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Avila R, S.; Reyes G, A. [UAEM, Facultad de Quimica, 50120 Toluca, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Cruz T, E. De la [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

2004-07-01

It was carried out the physical and bromatological characterization of the seed of quinua of the varieties Sajama Barandales and Amarilla de Marangani; mutant lines 20R{sub 1}10, 94, 20R{sub 3}33, 20R{sub 2}27, 20R{sub 3}42 and 20R{sub 3}7 as well as of the advanced line obtained by conventional improvement 640304. The evaluated variables were seed size (diameter and thickness in mm), weight in grams of 100 seeds and density in grams by liter, finding that the genotype 20R{sub 3}33 present excellent characteristics respect with these variables. In the bromatological analysis it was determined the percentage of humidity, ashy, raw fiber, ethereal extract, proteins and carbohydrates, highlighting that the genotypes 20R{sub 3}33, 20R{sub 3}42 and witness present good values of protein content (16.8%, 15.57% and 15.9% respectively), overcoming to the cereals (corn, wheat and rice). (Author)

Equivalência transcultural de três escalas utilizadas para estimar a aptidão cardiorrespiratória: estudo em idosos Cross-cultural equivalence of three scales used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Geraldo de Albuquerque Maranhão Neto

2008-11-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a equivalência transcultural de escalas empregadas para a avaliação do nível de atividade física e que são utilizadas como estimativas da aptidão cardiorrespiratória, para posterior utilização em indivíduos idosos. Três escalas foram determinadas após revisão sistemática: Veterans Physical Activity Questionnaire (VSAQ, Rating of Perceived Capacity (RPC e Physical Activity Rating (PA-R. Para a análise da equivalência, utilizou-se o modelo proposto por Herdman et al. Como parte do processo, a confiabilidade teste-reteste foi avaliada em uma amostra composta por 12 idosos com idade de 74,5 ± 3,5 anos, pelo cálculo dos coeficientes de concordância de Lin (CCL e de correlação intraclasse (CCI. Detectou-se uma boa reprodutibilidade das escalas com exceção do RPC. Apesar de a quantidade de indivíduos não permitir conclusões mais aprofundadas, os resultados podem indicar necessidade de mudanças na estrutura de algumas escalas originais. Por fim, acredita-se que os resultados obtidos no presente estudo sugerem a adequação das versões das escalas para a língua portuguesa, havendo, todavia, a necessidade de um estudo de validade de critério das escalas.This study aimed at establishing the cross-cultural equivalence of scales used to evaluate physical activity level and measure cardiorespiratory fitness, for further application in elderly subjects. Three scales were identified after systematic review: Veterans Physical Activity Questionnaire (VSAQ, Rating of Perceived Capacity (RPC, and Physical Activity Rating (PA-R. The model proposed by Herdman et al. was applied to analyze equivalence. Test-retest reliability was calculated in a sample of 12 elderly subjects (74.5 ± 3.5 years using Lin's concordance coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient. Good reproducibility was detected in all scales except RPC. Due to the small sample size, hardly any conclusions can de drawn, but the

Preliminary Screening of a Classical Ayurvedic Formulation for Anticonvulsant Activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Dhar, Arnab; Maurya, Santosh Kumar; Mishra, Ashish; Singh, Gireesh Kumar; Singh, Manoj Kumar; Seth, Ankit

2016-01-01

Epilepsy is a serious and complex central nervous system disorder associated with recurrent episodes of convulsive seizures due to the imbalance between excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic) neurotransmitters level in the brain. The available treatments are neither competent to control the seizures nor prevent progress of disease. Since ages, Herbal medicines have remained important sources of medicines in many parts of world which is evidenced through their uses in traditional systems of medicine i.e. Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Homeopathy and Chinese etc. A polyherbal formulation (containing Terminalia chebula Retz., Asparagus racemosus Willd., Embelia ribes Burm. F, Acorus calamus L., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers, Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy, Saussurea lappa C.B.Clarke, Achyranthes aspera L.) is mentioned in Ayurvedic classics Bhaiṣajya Ratnāvali . The aim of the study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of the formulation in Maximum electroshock and Pentylenetetrazole induced convulsions in rats. In the present study, a polyherbal formulation was developed as directed by classical text and evaluated for the anticonvulsant activity using Maximal Electroshock Shock (MES) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced convulsions in rats. Statistical comparison was done by one way ANOVA followed by the Tukey's multiple comparison test. The obtained results showed that the PHF had a protective role on epilepsy. Treatment with PHF significantly improves antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels significantly as compared to controls. PHF also significantly decreased malonaldialdehyde (MDA) levels in the brain. Moreover, it also attenuated the PTZ-induced increase in the activity of GABA-T in the rat brain. These findings suggest that PHF might have possible efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy.

Análise de imagem para determinação do teor de saponina em quinoa Image analysis to determinate the saponin content in quinoa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Augusto Copati Souza

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Um grupo de sementes lavadas e 35 acessos de quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd foram avaliados pelo método de coluna de espuma e sua coloração foi decomposta pelo modelo RGB (R, vermelho; G, verde; B, azul com o objetivo de avaliar a influência do teor de saponina na cor do grão. Sementes amarelas apresentaram alto teor de saponina. Houve correlação negativa (p£0,05 entre o teste de coluna de espuma e as bandas R (r = -0,751, G (r = -0,660 e B (r = -0,594. Estabeleceram-se quatro grupos de similaridade. Foram considerados amargos os acessos do grupo 4 (sementes amarelas e doces os acessos do grupo 1 (sementes brancas. A dispersão observada representa provável diferença na freqüência gênica, refletida pela cor e teor de saponina.A group of washed seeds and thirty five genotypes of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Willd were screened by soap column method and were classified by RGB Color Model (R, red; G, green; B, blue with the objective to determine the influence of the saponin content in the grain color. Yellow seeds presented high levels of saponin. There was negative correlation (p£0.05 among soap column method and bands R (r = -0.751, G (r = -0.660 and B (r = -0.594. Four groups were fixed. Tests confirmed the access of group 4 as bitter (yellow seeds and the access of group 1 as sweet (white seeds. The dispersion represents probable difference in gene frequency, reflected by the color and rate of saponin.

Avaliação do monômero residual de resinas acrílicas utilizadas para prótese ocular, polimerizadas convencionalmente e por energia de microondas = Evaluation of residual monomer between conventional and microwave heat-cured acrylic resins used for ocular prostheses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moroni, Pedro Alexandre

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou comparar a quantidade de monômero residual das resinas acrílicas utilizadas para confecção de prótese ocular, termopolimerizável incolor (grupo controle e Onda-Cryll incolor após a polimerização convencional (MC e com energia de microondas (MW respectivamente. Para o experimento foram confeccionados três corpos-de-prova para cada tipo de resina e período de investigação, num total de 30 corpos-de-prova, os quais foram submetidos a ensaios titulométricos nos períodos de 5, 30 60, 120 e 1. 440 minutos (24 horas após a demuflagem. A resina acrílica termopolimerizável incolor apresentou índice inferiores de concentração de monômero residual em relação à resina acrílica Onda-Cryll incolor. A resina acrílica polimerizada por microondas apresentou baixos indíces de concentração de monômero residual, porém um pouco superiores (até 120 minutos em relação à resina termopolimerizável incolor. Ambos os materiais apresentaram valores numéricos estatisticamente semelhantes de concentração de monômero residual no período de 1440 minutos (24horas. Uma técnica de confecção de prótese ocular através de forno de microondas é exeqüível, pois os acrílicos apresentam concentrações normais de monômero residual após 120 minutos da sua polimerização, em relação ao grupo controle

Variation of Ursolic Acid Content in Eight Ocimum Species from Northeastern Brazil

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Selene M. Morais

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Ursolic acid is a very important compound due to its biological potential as an anti-inflammatory, trypanocidal, antirheumatic, antiviral, antioxidant and antitumoral agent. This study presents the HPLC analysis of ursolic acid (UA content in eight different Ocimum species: O. americanum L., O. basilicum L, O. basilicum var purpurascens Benth, O. basilicum var. minimum L, O. gratissimum L, O. micranthum Willd, O. selloi Benth. and O. tenuiflorum L. grown in Northeastern Brazil. In these Ocimum species, UA was detected in different yields, with O. tenuiflorum showing the highest content (2.02%. This yield is very significant when compared with other sources of UA.

Asparagus racemosus: a review on its phytochemical and therapeutic potential.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Ram

2016-09-01

Asparagus racemosus (Willd.) is a widely found medicinal plant in tropical and subtropical parts of India. The therapeutic applications of this plant have been reported in Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional system of medicine, such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. The crude, semi-purified and purified extracts obtained from different parts of this plant have been useful in therapeutic applications. Numerous bioactive phytochemicals mostly saponins and flavonoids have been isolated and identified from this plant which are responsible alone or in combination for various pharmacological activities. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of traditional applications, current knowledge on the phytochemistry, pharmacology and overuse of A. racemosus.

A new species of Eccopsis Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae from the coastal valleys of northern Chile, with the first continental record of E. galapagana Razowski & Landry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor A. Vargas

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A new species of Eccopsis Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae from the coastal valleys of northern Chile, with the first continental record of E. galapagana Razowski & Landry. Eccopsis Zeller, 1852 is reported for the first time from Chile. Eccopsis razowskii Vargas, n. sp. is described and illustrated based on specimens reared from larvae collected on native Acacia macracantha Willd. (Fabaceae in the coastal valleys of the northern Chilean desert. Eccopsis galapagana Razowski & Landry, 2008, previously known only from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, is recorded for the first time from continental South America. Larvae of the latter were collected in northern Chile feeding on Prosopis alba Griseb (Fabaceae.

Aprendizaje en comunidades virtuales que emergen de los entornos personales de aprendizaje (ple)

OpenAIRE

Jara Roa, Dunia Inés

2015-01-01

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar los niveles de aprendizaje de los(as) estudiantes de una institución privada de educación superior, en cinco Comunidades Virtuales de Aprendizaje (CVA) que se integran de las redes sociales utilizadas en los PLE, lo que permitirá identificar qué potencialidades didácticas han sido utilizadas para la construcción del conocimiento.

Wireless sensor networks to assess the impacts of global change in Sierra Nevada (Spain) mountains

Science.gov (United States)

Sánchez-Cano, Francisco M.; Bonet-García, Francisco J.; Pérez-Luque, Antonio J.; Suárez-Muñoz, María

2017-04-01

Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory (southern Spain) aims to improve the ability of ecosystems to address the impacts of global change. To this end, a monitoring program has been implemented based on the collection of long time series on a multitude of biophysical variables. This initiative is part of the Long Term Ecological Research network and is connected to similar ones at national and international level. One of the specific objectives of this LTER site is to improve understanding of the relationships between abiotic factors and ecosystem functioning / structure. Wireless sensor networks are a key instrument for achieving this aim. This contribution describes the design and management of a sensor network that is intended to monitor several biophysical variables with high temporal and spatial resolution in Quercus pyrenaica forests located in this mountain region. The following solution has been adopted in order to obtain the observational data (physical and biological variables). The biological variables will be monitored by PAR sensors (photosynthetically active radiation), and the physical variables will be acquired by a meteorological station and a sensor network composed of temperature and soil moisture sensors, as well as air temperature and humidity ones. To complete the monitoring of the biological variables, a NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) camera will be deployed focusing to a Quercus pyrenaica forest from the opposite slope. It should be noted that all monitoring systems exposed will be powered by solar energy. The management of the sensor network covers the deployment of more than 100 sensors, guaranteeing both remote accessibility and reliability of the data. The chosen solution is provided by the company Adevice whose ONE-GO communication system ensures a consistent and efficient sending of those values read by the different sensors towards a central point, from where the information (RAW data) is accessible through WiFi/3G

Herbal remedies used by residents of the urban areas fron city of Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil/ Plantas medicinais utilizadas na medicina popular por moradores da área urbana de Bandeirantes, PR, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lin Chau Ming

2005-06-01

amostras vegetais para montagem de exsicatas para posterior identificação botânica. Após a identificação, as exsicatas foram incorporadas ao herbário do Jardim Botânico da Faculdades Luiz Meneghel – FALM, Bandeirantes, PR. Foram registradas 31 espécies vegetais distribuídas em 19 famílias, sendo a Lamiaceae com maior número de espécies, seguida por Rosaceae, Asteraceae e Euphorbiaceae. A parte vegetal mais utilizada na preparação dos remédios foi a folha, e a forma de preparo mais comum foi a infusão. As indicações terapêuticas mais citadas nas entrevistas foram dor de cabeça, diarréia, febre, cólica e infecção.

Antimicrobial Constituents of Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd. against Periodontal Pathogens

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Garland More

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The phytochemical investigation of an ethanol extract of Artemisia afra led to the isolation of six known compounds, acacetin (1, 12α,4α-dihydroxybishopsolicepolide (2, scopoletin (3, α-amyrin (4, phytol (5, and a pentacyclic triterpenoid betulinic acid (6. The compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Gram positive (Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces israelii, and Streptococcus mutans, Gram negative bacteria (Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans previously known as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Candida albicans. The crude extract of A. afra inhibited the growth of all tested microbial species at concentration range of 1.6 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL. The compounds 1–6 also showed activity range at 1.0 mg/mL to 0.25 mg/mL. Three best compounds (scopoletin, betulinic acid, and acacetin which showed good antimicrobial activity were selected for further studies. Cytotoxicity of extract and compounds was determined using the XTT cell proliferation kit. The antioxidant activity of the extract and compounds was done using the DPPH scavenging method. The extract showed good antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 22.2 μg/mL. Scopoletin had a strong transformation of the DPPH radical into its reduced form, with an IC50 value of 1.24 μg/mL which was significant to that of vitamin C (1.22 μg/mL. Acacetin and betulinic acid exhibited a decreased scavenging activity with the IC50 of 2.39 and 2.42 μg/mL, respectively. The extract and compounds showed moderate toxicity on McCoy fibroblast cell line and scopoletin was relatively nontoxic with an IC50 value of 132.5 μg/mL. Acacetin and betulinic acid also showed a smooth trend of non-toxic effects with IC50 values of 35.44 and 30.96 μg/mL. The obtained results in this study confirm the use of A. afra in the treatment of microbial infections.

Arsenic toxicity in Acacia mangium willd. and mimosa Caesalpiniaefolia benth. seedlings

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Henrique Nery Cipriani

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Acacia mangium and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia are fast-growing woody fabaceous species that might be suitable for phytoremediation of arsenic (As-contaminated sites. To date, few studies on their tolerance to As toxicity have been published. Therefore, this study assessed As toxicity symptoms in A. mangium and M. caesalpiniaefolia seedlings under As stress in a greenhouse. Seedlings of Acacia mangium and M. caesalpiniaefolia were grown for 120 d in an Oxisol-sand mixture with 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1 As, in four replications in four randomized blocks. The plants were assessed for visible toxicity symptoms, dry matter production, shoot/root ratio, root anatomy and As uptake. Analyses of variance and regression showed that the growth of A. mangium and M. caesalpiniaefolia was severely hindered by As, with a reduction in dry matter production of more than 80 % at the highest As rate. The root/shoot ratio increased with increasing As rates. At a rate of 400 mg kg-1 As, whitish chlorosis appeared on Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia seedlings. The root anatomy of both species was altered, resulting in cell collapse, death of root buds and accumulation of phenolic compounds. Arsenic concentration was several times greater in roots than in shoots, with more than 150 and 350 mg kg-1 in M. caesalpiniaefolia and A. mangium roots, respectively. These species could be suitable for phytostabilization of As-contaminated sites, but growth-stimulating measures should be used.

In vitro wound healing activity of Sapium indicum willd leaf extracts ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In the scratch assay, EESI caused significant (P< 0.05) concentration-dependent migration on 3T3 L1 cells whereas AESI exerted concentration-independent effect. Conclusion: The leaves of S. indicum exhibited wound healing potential and contained phytochemicals that may contribute to the activity. These findings would ...

Chemical constituents isolated from the wood of Senna reticulata Willd. (Leguminoseae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, Rogerio Nunes dos; Silva, Maria Goretti de Vasconcelos; Braz Filho, Raimundo

2008-01-01

The phytochemical investigation of the wood extracts of Senna reticulata (Leguminoseae) yielded six anthraquinones: chrysophanol, physcion, aloe-emodin, 1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone, 3-methoxy-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone, emodin and the chrysophanol-10,10' bianthrone. The triterpenes α and β-amirin, the steroids β-sitosterol and stigmasterol as well as the flavonoid kaempferol were also identified. The structures were established by spectral analysis, including two-dimensional NMR techniques. It is the first report of 1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone and 3-methoxy-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone in higher plants. (author)

A new kaempferol diglycoside from Datura suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl. ex. Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Sajeli Begum, A; Sahai, Mahendra; Fujimoto, Yoshinori; Asai, K; Schneider, Kathrin; Nicholson, Graeme; Suessmuth, Roderich

2006-11-01

A new flavonol glycoside, kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), has been isolated from methanol extract of leaves of Datura suaveolens (Solanaceae), along with six other known compounds, which include kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (2), 3-phenyl lactic acid, 3-(3-indolyl) lactic acid, and its methyl ester, physalindicanol A and physalindicanol B. The structural elucidation of 1 and characterization of the known compounds are based on detailed spectral analysis (ESI-FTICR-MS and 2D-NMR). This is the first report of isolation of these compounds from this plant.

Physiological effects of short acute UVB treatments in Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Science.gov (United States)

Huarancca Reyes, Thais; Scartazza, Andrea; Castagna, Antonella; Cosio, Eric G; Ranieri, Annamaria; Guglielminetti, Lorenzo

2018-01-10

Increased ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation due to global change can affect plant growth and metabolism. Here, we evaluated the capacity of quinoa to resist under short acute UVB irradiation. Quinoa was daily exposed for 30 or 60 min to 1.69 W m -2 UVB. The results showed that 30 min exposure in 9 d-course did not cause severe alterations on photosynthetic pigments and flavonoids, but a significant increase of antioxidant capacity was observed. Otherwise, 60 min UVB in 5 d-course reduced almost all these parameters except for an increase in the de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigments and led to the death of the plants. Further studies of gas exchange and fluorescence measurements showed that 30 min UVB dramatically decrease stomatal conductance, probably associated to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport was also observed, which could be a response to reduce ROS. Otherwise, irreversible damage to the photosynthetic apparatus was found with 60 min UVB probably due to severe ROS overproduction that decompensates the redox balance inducing UVB non-specific signaling. Moreover, 60 min UVB compromised Rubisco carboxylase activity and photosynthetic electron transport. Overall, these data suggest that quinoa modulates different response mechanisms depending on the UVB irradiation dosage.

Gastrointestinal effects of eating quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in celiac patients.

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Zevallos, Victor F; Herencia, L Irene; Chang, Fuju; Donnelly, Suzanne; Ellis, H Julia; Ciclitira, Paul J

2014-02-01

Celiac disease is an enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten found in wheat, rye, and barley. Treatment involves a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Quinoa is a highly nutritive plant from the Andes that has been recommended as part of a GFD. However, in-vitro data suggested that quinoa prolamins can stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses in celiac patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the in-vivo effects of eating quinoa in adult celiac patients. Nineteen treated celiac patients consumed 50 g of quinoa every day for 6 weeks as part of their usual GFD. We evaluated diet, serology, and gastrointestinal parameters. Furthermore, we carried out detail histological assessment of 10 patients before and after eating quinoa. Gastrointestinal parameters were normal. The ratio of villus height to crypt depth improved from slightly below normal values (2.8:1) to normal levels (3:1), surface-enterocyte cell height improved from 28.76 to 29.77 μm and the number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes decreased from 30.3 to 29.7. Median values for all the blood tests remained within normal ranges, although total cholesterol (n=19) decreased from 4.6 to 4.3 mmol/l, low-density lipoprotein decreased from 2.46 to 2.45 mmol/l, high-density lipoprotein decreased from 1.8 to 1.68 mmol/l and triglycerides decreased from 0.80 to 0.79 mmol/l. Addition of quinoa to the GFD of celiac patients was well tolerated and did not exacerbate the condition. There was a positive trend toward improved histological and serological parameters, particularly a mild hypocholesterolemic effect. Overall, this is the first clinical data suggesting that daily 50 g of quinoa for 6 weeks can be safely tolerated by celiac patients. However, further studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of quinoa consumption.

Antioxidant and immunoregulatory activity of polysaccharides from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).

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Yao, Yang; Shi, Zhenxing; Ren, Guixing

2014-10-23

The water-extractable (QWP) and the alkali-extractable (QAP) polysaccharides from quinoa (named QWP and QAP, respectively) and their four polysaccharide sub-fractions (QWP-1, QWP-2, QAP-1 and QAP-2), were isolated and purified by anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. QWP-1 and QWP-2 were composed of Rha, Ara, Gal and GalA. QAP-1 and QAP-2 were composed of Rha, Ara, Man, Gal and GalA. Antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities of the polysaccharides were evaluated. The results showed that QWP-1, QWP-2, QAP-1 and QAP-2 had significant antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities. The results suggest that QWP-1, QWP-2, QAP-1 and QAP-2 could be used as potential antioxidants and immunomodulators.

Antioxidant and Immunoregulatory Activity of Polysaccharides from Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

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Yang Yao

2014-10-01

Full Text Available The water-extractable (QWP and the alkali-extractable (QAP polysaccharides from quinoa (named QWP and QAP, respectively and their four polysaccharide sub-fractions (QWP-1, QWP-2, QAP-1 and QAP-2, were isolated and purified by anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. QWP-1 and QWP-2 were composed of Rha, Ara, Gal and GalA. QAP-1 and QAP-2 were composed of Rha, Ara, Man, Gal and GalA. Antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities of the polysaccharides were evaluated. The results showed that QWP-1, QWP-2, QAP-1 and QAP-2 had significant antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities. The results suggest that QWP-1, QWP-2, QAP-1 and QAP-2 could be used as potential antioxidants and immunomodulators.

Cognitive-behavioural therapy of eating disorders

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Duchesne, Mônica; Almeida, Paola Espósito de Moraes

2002-01-01

A terapia cognitivo-comportamental é uma intervenção breve, semi-estruturada e orientada para metas, que tem sido amplamente utilizada nos centros de pesquisa e tratamento de transtornos alimentares. O presente artigo tem por objetivo descrever as principais estratégias cognitivas e comportamentais utilizadas no tratamento ambulatorial dos transtornos alimentares. Vários ensaios clínicos avaliaram a eficácia da terapia cognitivo-comportamental, indicando que ela favorece a remissão ou diminui...

Technological properties of latex and natural rubber of Hevea brasiliensis clones Propriedades tecnológicas do látex e da borracha natural de clones de Hevea brasiliensis

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Rogério Manoel Biagi Moreno

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Rubber industry has increased the requirements for quality and uniformity of natural rubber produced in Brazil. Technological properties of latex and natural rubber of clones GT 1, PB 235, IAN 873 and RRIM 600 [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. Former Adr. de Juss. Muell.- Arg] were evaluated by standard methods of the dry rubber content (DRC%, percentage of nitrogen (N% and percentage of ashes (ASH% in two consecutive years; data were correlated with temperature and precipitation. Properties of latex and natural rubber varied (P A indústria da borracha está cada vez mais exigente em relação à qualidade e a uniformidade da borracha natural produzida no Brasil. Neste trabalho as propriedades tecnológicas do látex e da borracha natural dos clones de seringueira GT 1, PB 235, IAN 873 e RRIM 600 [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss. Muell.-.Arg] foram avaliadas pelos ensaios padrões do conteúdo de borracha seca (DRC%, porcentagem de nitrogênio (N% e porcentagem de cinzas (CNZ% por dois anos consecutivos; os dados obtidos foram correlacionados com dados de temperatura e precipitação. As propriedades do látex e da borracha natural variaram (P < 0.01 em função do tipo de clone e entre coletas. O DRC% diminuiu no início da estação seca (maio a junho, enquanto N% e CNZ% aumentaram. O período de abril a junho revelou ser crítico, pois os valores da N% oscilaram acima 0,60%, fora dos padrões estabelecidos pela norma técnica brasileira ABNT/NBR. O clone RRIM 600 foi menos suscetível às variações climáticas.

Preliminary Screening of a Classical Ayurvedic Formulation for Anticonvulsant Activity

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Arnab Dhar

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Epilepsy is a serious and complex central nervous system disorder associated with recurrent episodes of convulsive seizures due to the imbalance between excitatory (glutamatergic and inhibitory (GABAergic neurotransmitters level in the brain. The available treatments are neither competent to control the seizures nor prevent progress of disease. Since ages, Herbal medicines have remained important sources of medicines in many parts of world which is evidenced through their uses in traditional systems of medicine i.e. Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Homeopathy and Chinese etc. Aim: A polyherbal formulation (containing Terminalia chebula Retz., Asparagus racemosus Willd., Embelia ribes Burm. F, Acorus calamus L., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd. Miers, Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy, Saussurea lappa C.B.Clarke, Achyranthes aspera L. is mentioned in Ayurvedic classics Bhaiṣajya Ratnāvali. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of the formulation in Maximum electroshock and Pentylenetetrazole induced convulsions in rats. Materials and Methods: In the present study, a polyherbal formulation was developed as directed by classical text and evaluated for the anticonvulsant activity using Maximal Electroshock Shock (MES and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ induced convulsions in rats. Statistical comparison was done by one way ANOVA followed by the Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results: The obtained results showed that the PHF had a protective role on epilepsy. Treatment with PHF significantly improves antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD and glutathione (GSH levels significantly as compared to controls. PHF also significantly decreased malonaldialdehyde (MDA levels in the brain. Moreover, it also attenuated the PTZ-induced increase in the activity of GABA-T in the rat brain. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PHF might have possible efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy.

Influência da brisa terra-mar no período de saturação da umidade do ar no interior de dois seringais de cultivo em Ubatuba(SP Influence of the land-sea breese on the saturation period of the relative humidity inside two adult rubber tree plantations in Ubatuba, State of São Paulo, Brazil

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José Eduardo Macedo Pezzopane

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se, em Ubatuba(SP, a influência da brisa terra-mar no número de horas com umidade relativa igual ou superior a 90% (NHUR > 90% no interior de dois seringais [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss Müell Arg.] adultos: um próximo à praia (800 m e outro distante 5.000 m. Para o período estudado, os resultados demonstraram uma redução significativa do NHUR > 90%, 50% em média, no seringal próximo à praia. A diferença ficou mais evidente, 71,4% em média, quando se analisaram apenas os dias não chuvosos, a fim de desconsiderar a saturação atmosférica devida à chuva. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que a advecção condicionada pela brisa terra-mar é fator aerodinâmico de mesoescala que interfere no início e no final da saturação da umidade atmosférica, reduzindo a duração do período de molhamento das folhas.It was studied the influence of the land-sea breese on the duration of relative humidity equal to or higher than 90% (NHUR > 90% inside two adult rubber tree plantations [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss Müell Arg.]: one located near the shore (800 m and other approximately 5,000 m away. It was found a significant reduction of NHUR > 90% in the plantation near the shore. This reduction was even more evident in clear nights, without rainfall effect. It is assumed that the advection of land-sea breese interferes at the starting and final moments of the humidity saturation, decreasing the leaf wettness duration period.

Controle de oídio em seringueira e sua interferência na população do ácaro Calacarus heveae Feres Control of Oidium on rubber tree and it's interference on the mite Calacarus heveae Feres population

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Marineide Rosa Vieira

2006-09-01

Full Text Available A cultura da seringueira, Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex. Adr. de Juss. Müell. Arg., pode ser atacada pelo fungo Oidium heveae Steinm e pelo ácaro Calacarus heveae Feres, causadores de desfolha em seringais paulistas. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do fungicida sistêmico fenarimol no controle do fungo e a sua interferência na população de C. heveae. Comparou-se a sua aplicação em quatro momentos: 1- uma aplicação no reenfolhamento das plantas (agosto; 2- uma aplicação em janeiro; 3- duas aplicações, uma no reenfolhamento e uma em março; 4 - quatro aplicações durante o ciclo da cultura. Nas quatro situações, o fungicida reduziu os sintomas da doença, entretanto houve ressurgência dos ácaros. Considerando-se o manejo conjunto de O. heveae e C. heveae o melhor resultado foi obtido com duas aplicações do fungicida.The rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex. Adr. de Juss. Müell. Arg., can be attacked by the Oidium heveae Steinm fungus and the Calacarus heveae Feres mite, which cause leaf fall in areas of the São Paulo State. This study had as objective the evaluation of the effect of the systemic fungicide fenarimol, in the fungus control and its interference on C. heveae population. Four ways of application were compared: one application during the new leaves growth period (August; one application in January; two applications: one in the new leaves growth period and one in March; four applications during the cycle of the culture. The fungicide reduced the disease symptoms in all the treatments; however mite resurgence was detected. Considering the integrated management of O. heveae and C. heveae the best result was obtained by using two applications of the fungicide.

Caracterización química de panojas y vainas con semillas nativas del estado de Guerrero, México, para uso en la alimentación animal

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Fernando Pérez-Gil Romo

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se seleccionaron e identificaron cinco especies forrajeras nativas del estado de Guerrero, México: Bothriochloa sp, Sorghum halepense (L. Pers, Desmanthus virgatus (L. Willd, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq. Stend, Acacia farnesiana (L. Willd, consideradas forrajes no convencionales por ser productos naturales, no utilizados actualmente para la alimentación animal. El objetivo fue determinar la composición química en muestras representativas de las cinco plantas, vainas con semillas y panojas. Los análisis realizados fueron: análisis químico proximal, fracciones de fibra, perfil de aminoácidos, factores antinutricios, minerales y vitaminas hidrosolubles. Se encontró que el valor de proteína cruda osciló entre 60 y 202, fibra cruda entre 132.5 y 354.8, extracto etéreo 17 a 32.4, reportados en g-1 kg-1 de materia seca (MS. El contenido de lignina en las gramíneas fue 52 a 82 y en las muestras de leguminosas fue de 132 a 202 g; mientras que la celulosa para el primer grupo fue de 189 a 276 y para el segundo de 95 a 269 g kg -1 MS. De los factores antinutricios analizados el inhibidor de tripsina cuantificado fue de 1.0 a 4.97 UIT mg-1, hemaglutininas y saponinas no se detectaron. Se analizaron los siguientes minerales: Ca (301-652, Mg (57-88, K (565-1286, Na (64.3-630, Zn (0.93-5.1 y Fe (8.3-21.0 (reportados en g kg-1. Se cuantificaron 17 aminoácidos y 3 vitaminas (B1, B2 y B3 de cada muestra presentando valores similares entre ellas. Se concluye que las panojas y las vainas con semillas podrían considerarse como un recurso no convencional en la alimentación de rumiantes.

Sesquiterpene lactones from the Yugoslavian wild growing plant families Asteraceae and Apiaceae (REVIEW

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MILUTIN STEFANOVIC

1999-08-01

Full Text Available 1. Introduction 2. Results 3. Asteraceae 3.1. Genus Artemisia L. 3.1.1. Artemisia annua L. 3.1.2. Artemisia vulgaris L. 3.1.3. Artemisia absinthium L. (warmwood 3.1.4. Artemisia scoparia W. et K. 3.1.5. Artemisia camprestris L. 3.2. Genus Ambrosia L. 3.2.1. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (the common rag weed 3.3. Genus Tanacetum L. (syn. Chrysanthemum L. 3.3.1. Tanacetum parthenium L. (feverfew 3.3.2. Tanacetum serotinum L. 3.3.3. Tanacetum vulgare L. (tansy 3.3.4. Tanacetum macrophyllum Willd. 3.3.5. Tanacetum corymbosum L. 3.4. Genus Telekia Baumg. 3.4.1. Telekia speciosa (Schreb. Baumg. 3.5. Genus Inula L. 3.5.1. Inula helenium L. 3.5.2. Inula spiraeifolia L. 3.6. Genus Eupatorium L. 3.6.1. Eupatorium cannabinum L. 3.7. Genus Achillea L. 3.7.1. Achillea abrotanoides Vis. 3.7.2. Achillea millefolium subsp. pannonica 3.7.3. Achillea crithmifolia W. et K. 3.7.4. Achillea clypeolata Sibth. et Sm. 3.7.5. Achillea serbica Nyman 3.7.6. Achillea depressa Janka 3.8. Genus Anthemis L. 3.8.1. Anthemis carpatica Willd. 3.8.2. Anthemis cretica L. subsp. cretica 3.9. Genus Centaurea L. 3.9.1. Centaurea derventana Vis. et Panc. 3.9.2. Centaurea kosaninii Hayek 3.9.3. Centaurea solstitialis L. 4. Apiaceae 4.1. Genus Laserpitium L. 4.1.1. Laserpitium siler L. 4.1.2. Laserpitium marginatum L. 4.1.3. Laserpitium latifolium L. 4.1.4. Laserpitium alpinum W. K. 4.2. Genus Angelica L. 4.2.1. Angelica silvestris L. 4.3. Genus Peucedanum L. 4.3.1. Peucedanum austriacum (Jacq. Koch

Evaluation of the development and yielding potential of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under the climatic conditions of Europe. Part one: accomodation of Chenopodium quinoa (Willd. to different conditions

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Krzysztof Gęsiński

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Based on the evaluation of selected varieties of Chenopodium quinoa, their requirements were identified; it was shown which varieties demonstrated the best effects in what conditions. It was found that the best varieties for Europe's conditions were E-DK-4-PQCIP and RU-5-PQCIP. E-DK-4-PQCIP variety showed the best effects under the conditions of cluster II which included e.g. Bydgoszcz (Poland and cluster IV which included Southern European countries (Greece and Italy, while the best effects found in RU-5-PQCIP variety were identified in cluster I which included Sweden. E-DK-4-PQCIP variety in cluster II showed a very high yield of green matter and a mean seed yield, and in cluster IV - a very high seed yield and a high yield of green matter.

First report of Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Lecanodiaspididae and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae in Brazil

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A. L. Marsaro Júnior

Full Text Available Abstract Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Lecanodiaspididae and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae are reported for the first time in Brazil. Specimens of this scale insect were collected on branches and stems of Acacia mangium Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam. de Wit (Fabaceae, Morus nigra L. (Moraceae, Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae, Tectona grandis L. f. (Verbenaceae, Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae, Annona squamosa L. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam. Mart. (Annonaceae, in three municipalities of the Roraima state. All plants here mentioned are recorded for the first time as a host for L. dendrobii. Morphological characters of L. dendrobii and symptoms presented by the host plants infested by this pest are included in this work.

First report of Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in Brazil.

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Marsaro Júnior, A L; Peronti, A L B G; Costa, V A; Morais, E G F; Pereira, P R V S

2016-02-01

Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) are reported for the first time in Brazil. Specimens of this scale insect were collected on branches and stems of Acacia mangium Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (Fabaceae), Morus nigra L. (Moraceae), Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae), Tectona grandis L. f. (Verbenaceae), Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), Annona squamosa L. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae), in three municipalities of the Roraima state. All plants here mentioned are recorded for the first time as a host for L. dendrobii. Morphological characters of L. dendrobii and symptoms presented by the host plants infested by this pest are included in this work.

In vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial activities of some plants traditionally used in Guatemala against malaria.

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Franssen, F F; Smeijsters, L J; Berger, I; Medinilla Aldana, B E

1997-07-01

We present an evaluation of the antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects of four plants commonly used in Guatemalan folk medicine against malaria. Methanol extracts of Simarouba glauca D. C., Sansevieria guineensis Willd, Croton guatemalensis Lotsy, and Neurolaena lobata (L.)R.Br. significantly reduced parasitemias in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Dichloromethane fractions were screened for their cytotoxicities on Artemia salina (brine shrimp) larvae, and 50% inhibitory concentrations were determined for Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro cultures. Both chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant strains of P. falciparum were significantly inhibited by these extracts. Of all dichloromethane extracts, only the S. glauca cortex extract was considered to be toxic to nauplii of A. salina in the brine shrimp test.

Demographic patterns during an epizootic of sarcoptic mange in a Cantabrian chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica parva population

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González-Quirós, P.

2002-12-01

Full Text Available We studied a chamois population affected by an epidemic of sarcoptic mange in Asturias in the North West of Spain in 1991-2002. The study area was 813 km² and population was estimated at 6200 individuals before the epidemic. In 2002 the number of chamois are 2200. The front line of the epidemic has advanced between 1.6 and 7.6 km year. The number of animals showing apparent clinical signs in relation to the number of recorded animals (prevalence is highest in spring and lowest in summer and autumn. The disease affects more the adult males than to the other groups of sex and age, so the sex ratio has moved towards the females. The relation between the females and kids in July did not change.

[fr]
La population d'isards affectée par une épidémie de gale a été étudiée dans les Asturies (NW de l'Espagne en 1991-92. La zone d'étude comprenait 813 km² et la population était estimée à 6200 individus avant la maladie. En 2002, le nombre d'isards avait chuté à 2200. Le front de l'épidémie a avancé d'une distance comprise entre 1,6 et 7,6 km par an. La prévalence, c'est-à-dire le nombre d'animaux ayant de signes cliniques visibles par rapport au nombre d'animaux observés, est apparue comme haute au printemps et basse en été et en automne. La maladie affecte surtout les mâles adultes et par conséquence la sex-ratio s'est déplacée en faveur des femelles. Cependant, le rapport entre les femelles et les chevreaux en juillet n'a pas été altéré.
[es]
Desde 1991 a 2002 se estudió en Asturias (noroeste de España una población de rebeco afectada por una epidemia de sarna sarcóptica. El área de estudio abarca 813 km² y la población de rebeco se estimaba en 6.200 individuos antes de la epidemia. En 2002 el número de rebecos era de 2.200. El frente de la epidemia avanzó entre 1,6 y 7,6 km al año. El número de animales que muestran signos clínicos aparentes, en relación con el número de animales observados (prevalencia, es máximo en primavera y mínimo en verano y otoño, ha enfermedad afecta más a los machos adultos que al resto de las clases de edad o sexo, con lo que la sex ratio está desplazada a favor de las hembras. La proporción entre hembras y cabritos en julio no cambió.

Caracterización morfoanatómica comparativa entre Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F., Aloe arborescens Mill., Aloe saponaria Haw. y Aloe ciliaris Haw. (Aloeaceae)

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Carpano, Stella Maris; Castro, María Teresa; Spegazzini, Etile Dolores

2009-01-01

Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F. (= Aloe barbadensis Miller) conhecida como "a planta da imortalidade" no antigo Egito é utilizada em fitoterapia como humectante, antibacteriana, antifúngica, antiviral e antioxidante. Com a finalidade de contribuir para identificação da droga vegetal, foram realizados estudos morfoanatômicos da folha. A utilização de plantas com características terapêuticas reconhecidas determina que, por analogia, popularmente sejam utilizadas com a mesma finalidade outras espécies d...

Temporal stability in the genetic structure of Sarcoptes scabiei under the host-taxon law: empirical evidences from wildlife-derived Sarcoptes mite in Asturias, Spain

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Rossi Luca

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Implicitly, parasite molecular studies assume temporal genetic stability. In this study we tested, for the first time to our knowledge, the extent of changes in genetic diversity and structure of Sarcoptes mite populations from Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica in Asturias (Spain, using one multiplex of 9 microsatellite markers and Sarcoptes samples from sympatric Pyrenean chamois, red deer (Cervus elaphus, roe deer (Capreolus capreolus and red fox (Vulpes vulpes. Results The analysis of an 11-years interval period found little change in the genetic diversity (allelic diversity, and observed and expected heterozygosity. The temporal stability in the genetic diversity was confirmed by population structure analysis, which was not significantly variable over time. Population structure analysis revealed temporal stability in the genetic diversity of Sarcoptes mite under the host-taxon law (herbivore derived- and carnivore derived-Sarcoptes mite among the sympatric wild animals from Asturias. Conclusions The confirmation of parasite temporal genetic stability is of vital interest to allow generalizations to be made, which have further implications regarding the genetic structure, epidemiology and monitoring protocols of the ubiquitous Sarcoptes mite. This could eventually be applied to other parasite species.

Ethnobotany of food plants in the high river Ter valley (Pyrenees, Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula): non-crop food vascular plants and crop food plants with medicinal properties.

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Rigat, Montse; Bonet, Maria Àngels; Garcia, Sònia; Garnatje, Teresa; Vallès, Joan

2009-01-01

The present study reports a part of the findings of an ethnobotanical research project conducted in the Catalan region of the high river Ter valley (Iberian Peninsula), concerning the use of wild vascular plants as food and the medicinal uses of both wild and cultivated food plants. We have detected 100 species which are or have been consumed in this region, 83 of which are treated here (the remaining are the cultivated food plants without additional medicinal uses). Some of them, such as Achillea ptarmica subsp. pyrenaica, Convolvulus arvensis, Leontodon hispidus, Molopospermum peloponnesiacum and Taraxacum dissectum, have not been previously reported, or have only very rarely been cited or indicated as plant foods in very restricted geographical areas. Several of these edible wild plants have a therapeutic use attributed to them by local people, making them a kind of functional food. They are usually eaten raw, dressed in salads or cooked; the elaboration of products from these species such as liquors or marmalades is a common practice in the region. The consumption of these resources is still fairly alive in popular practice, as is the existence of homegardens, where many of these plants are cultivated for private consumption.

Apoio comportamental positivo: estratégias educacionais aplicadas a comportamentos-problema de alunos

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Karyne de Souza Augusto Rios

Full Text Available Baseado no modelo de Apoio Comportamental Positivo o estudo objetivou identificar como 40 diretores de escolas de educação infantil descreviam o processo de elaboração, aplicação e avaliação de estratégias educativas para comportamentos-problema de alunos. Resultados do questionário apontaram que 77,5% dos diretores indicaram comportamentos-problema em seus alunos. As estratégias educativas mais utilizadas foram conversar com a criança (13,3% e conversar com pais (13,3%. A ação mais utilizada para a avaliação foi a observação da criança (27,6%. De forma geral, verificou-se que as estratégias utilizadas foram realizadas informal e assistematicamente. Aponta-se a necessidade de pesquisas sobre a inclusão de crianças com comportamentos-problema e o desafio de repensar a formação dos educadores.

Survival of Trypanosoma cruzi in sugar cane used to prepare juice Avaliação da sobrevida de Trypanosoma cruzi em cana de açúcar utilizada no preparo do caldo

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Adriana V.N. Cardoso

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Chagas disease can be transmitted to man by many different means, including contact with infected triatomine feces, blood transfusion, laboratory accidents, organ transplants, and congenital or oral routes. The latter mode has received considerable attention recently. In this assay, we evaluate the survival of Trypanosoma cruzi contaminating sugar cane used to prepare juice, as well as the viability and capacity for infection by the parasite after recovery. Thirty triatomines were contaminated with T. cruzi Y strain and 45 days later pieces of sugar cane were contaminated with the intestinal contents of the insects. The pieces were ground at different intervals after contamination (time = 0, 1, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours and the juice extracted and analyzed. Different methods were used to show T. cruzi in the juice: direct analysis, hematocrit tube centrifugation and QBC, and experimental inoculation in 47 female BALB/c mice (five control mice and seven mice for each interval examined (five inoculated orally and two intraperitoneally. Positive results were found using the direct analysis and QBC methods for juice prepared up to 12 hours after initial contamination. However, by the centrifugation technique, positivity was found only up to four hours after contamination of the sugar cane. Inoculated animals showed parasitemia during a 14 day observation period, demonstrating the high survival rate of T. cruzi in sugar cane.A doença de Chagas pode ser transmitida ao homem através de vários mecanismos: fezes de triatomíneo infectado; transfusão sangüínea; acidente em laboratório; transplante de órgão; vias congênita ou oral convindo salientar que esta última tem motivado ocorrências recentemente. Neste estudo procuramos avaliar a sobrevida de Trypanosoma cruzi presente em cana de açúcar contaminada com o parasita, utilizada no preparo do caldo e, também, a viabilidade e a capacidade de infecção do parasita depois de ser recuperado

REAL OPTIONS IN PROJECT FINANCE: AN OIL INDUSTRY APPLICATION

OpenAIRE

RAFAEL MACHADO MENDES

2012-01-01

As estruturas do tipo Project Finance, cada vez mais, vêm sendo utilizadas para o financiamento de projetos de investimento, principalmente, quando se trata de obras infraestruturais. Para tanto, uma grande estruturação jurídica é utilizada de forma a garantir uma adequada alocação de riscos às partes interessadas do projeto. Esta gestão riscos do projeto é de fundamental importância para garantir a viabilidade financeira e sucesso de um financiamento estruturado, como o Projec...

ACCESO MÓVIL NO LICENCIADO: EL FUTURO DE LAS TECNOLOGÍAS 2.5G

OpenAIRE

Carlos Rincón Castro; Aurely Leal Lozano; Jenny Pantoja Blyde

2007-01-01

En la actualidad, las tecnologías utilizadas para implementar redes celulares tienen como principal característica el aumento en la tasa de transmisión de datos, como consecuencia de la necesidad de ofrecer servicios de voz, datos y multimedia (triple play). Sin embargo, la mayoría de las redes celulares utilizadas alrededor del mundo están basadas en tecnologías 2.5G, las cuales tienen como restricción la velocidad de transmisión de dat...

Los Palacios Civiles de la calle Gravina de Alicante: las piedrautilizadas en su construcción y su alteración por sales

OpenAIRE

Louis, M.; García del Cura, M. Ángeles

2001-01-01

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio de la arquitectura, construcción y materiales utilizados en los Palacios Civiles del siglo XVIII, situados en la calle Gravina (actual sede del Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes de Alicante). Las rocas utilizadas en la construcción original así como las utilizadas en sustituciones posteriores en estos Palacios Civiles son calizas bioclásticas y/o calcarenitas (Piedra de San Julián y Piedra Bateig). También están presentes la ...

Data mining utilizando redes neuronales

OpenAIRE

Ale, Juan María; Bot, Romina Laura

2004-01-01

Las Redes Neuronales son ampliamente utilizadas para tareas relacionadas con reconocimiento de patrones y clasificación. Aunque son clasificadores muy precisos, no son comúnmente utilizadas para Data Mining porque producen modelos de aprendizaje inexplicables. El algoritmo TREPAN extrae hipótesis explicables de una Red Neuronal entrenada. Las hipótesis producidas por el algoritmo se representan con un árbol de decisión que aproxima a la red. Los árboles de decisión extraídos por TREPAN no pue...

Metodologia

OpenAIRE

Boal-Palheiros, Graça; Veloso, Ana Luísa; Cruz, Ana Isabel; Boia, Pedro Santos

2017-01-01

Neste capítulo, serão apresentadas e fundamentadas as metodologias utilizadas no estudo da Orquestra Geração (OG). Adotando-se diferentes perspetivas teóricas, várias questões de investigação foram colocadas e diver- sas abordagens metodológicas foram sendo utilizadas, no sentido de se explorar o caso da OG – um caso complexo e multidimensional. Procurou-se, assim, compreender a realidade multifacetada deste projeto musical, social e pedagógico e aprofundar o conhecimento so...

Estudo de ligas de ouro por XRF e SEM-EDS

OpenAIRE

Coxito, Afonso Maria Teixeira

2016-01-01

Serve o presente estudo para testar uma metodologia para análise de ligas metálicas, em particular ligas de ouro, utilizando as técnicas de fluorescência de raios-X e microscopia electrónica de varrimento. No contexto do presente estudo, foi identificada a composição das folhas de ouro utilizadas em obras de arte. As técnicas laboratoriais utilizadas foram: Microscopia óptica; Espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios-X com dispersão de energia (EDXRF); Microscopi...

Pesquisa de Micobactérias Ambientais em água de torneira, luvas e soluções utilizadas em procedimentos cirúrgicos no Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas - Manaus/AM Investigation of Environmental Mycobacteria in tap water, surgical gloves and antiseptic solutions used in surgical procedures at the Getúlio Vargas University Hospital, Manaus-AM/Brazil

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Adriana Vallejo Restrepo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Investigou-se por métodos bacteriológicos (cultivo e moleculares (PCR - Restriction Enzyme Analysis, PRA, a presença de micobactérias ambientais em águas de torneira, soluções e luvas cirúrgicas, utilizadas nas etapas dos procedimentos cirúrgicos executados no centro cirúrgico do Hospital Universitário Getulio Vargas (HUGV, na cidade de Manaus-Amazonas/Brasil. Foram colhidas e analisadas 105 amostras sendo: 24 de águas (colhidas das 2 torneiras existentes no centro cirúrgico, 8 de solução de Povidine e 7 de solução de Clorhexidina, que servem para a higienização das mãos dos cirurgiões; 39 de luvas cirúrgicas (superfícies internas e externas; e 27 de soluções que foram efetivamente utilizadas durante o ato cirúrgico. Por método bacteriológico obteve-se 41 isolados micobacterianos apenas de águas das torneiras. Pelo PRA obteve-se a detecção de DNA micobacteriano somente na amostra de água que forneceu acima de 100 colônias de micobactérias por tubo semeado. Os isolados foram identificados como sendo Mycobacterium celatum perfil 2, M. gordonae perfil 3, M. gordonae perfil 6, M. intracellulare perfil 1, M. lentiflavum perfil 3 e M. mucogenicum perfil 1. O encontro de M. mucogenicum, espécie já incriminada em surtos pós-cirúrgicos, indica que devem ser efetuados procedimentos de limpeza e monitoramento em todos os pontos de distribuição de águas, visando à prevenção de surtos de micobacterioses nosocomiais induzidos pelo uso das águas nas diferentes atividades de manuseio ou higienização dos pacientes submetidos a procedimentos invasivos.Using bacteriological (culture and molecular (PCR - Restriction Enzyme Analysis, PRA methods, we investigated the presence of environmental mycobacteria in tap water, antiseptic solutions and surgical gloves, used in carrying out surgical procedures at the Getúlio Vargas University Hospital Surgical Center, in Manaus -Amazonas/Brazil. Samples (105 were collected and

DIVERSIDAD DE ABEJAS SIN AGUIJÓN (HYMENOPTERA:MELIPONINI UTILIZADAS EN MELIPONICULTURA EN COLOMBIA

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Guiomar Nates Parra

2013-09-01

Full Text Available En Colombia se conoce la existencia de cerca de 120 especies de abejas nativas sin aguijón, muchas de las cuales tienen importantes usos y representaciones para diversos grupos sociales y culturales. A pesar de que su cría y manejo (meliponicultura, es una actividad que viene creciendo y tecnificándose en Latinoamérica y otras regiones del mundo, sus características y desarrollo en Colombia han sido poco documentados. Se presentan los resultados de entrevistas y visitas a 75 personas en 16 departamentos de Colombia, que cultivan 25 especies de abejas sin aguijón, agrupadas en 12 géneros. Se encontraron al menos nueve especies más sin identificación completa, se reportan cuatro nuevos registros para el país y se amplía la distribución para 21 taxones. Se presenta información sobre la distribución regional y altitudinal, el cultivo urbano y las denominaciones locales para las abejas. Se revisan algunas características de los géneros cultivados más comunes (Tetragonisca, Melipona, Paratrigona, Scaptotrigona, y Nannotrigona y se discute la importancia del vínculo entre diversidad biológica y cultural que se manifiesta en los nombres locales reportados. Ante un escenario mundial de expansión de la meliponicultura, se resaltan necesidades de investigación y riesgos para la conservación y manejo de la diversidad de abejas sin aguijón y los conocimientos asociados.

Especies vegetales dendroenergéticas utilizadas por los pobladores del Encino, Santander, Colombia

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Ruth E. Ocaña Figueroa

2005-01-01

de combustible, cuya distancia a la vivienda puede variar desde menos de 0,1 a 2 km. En el 56% de los casos su recolección es realizada por todos los miembros de la familia, esta labor por lo general se realiza diariamente, empleando un promedio de dos horas al día. Se encontraron 27especies de árboles y arbustos útiles como combustible, siendo el roble la especie más importante contribuyendo con 73% del total de leña que consume una familia. Se halló que el consumo anual de leña en una familia corresponde a 6,2 t. Consumo que es determinado tanto por las condiciones ecológicas, como por aspectos culturales y socioeconómicos. En esta región el consumo no sigue ningún proceso de planeación, ni dirección de extracción y se rige por la disponibilidad del recurso. Sin embargo, existe un conocimiento sobre las especies de leña y sus características durante el proceso de la combustión.

Estrategias educativas utilizadas en la carrera de Contabilidad Pública y Auditoría

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Martha Irene Laguna González

2012-10-01

Full Text Available El estudio ha destacado la adecuada aplicación de las estrategias educativas desarrolladas por el personal docente en la carrera de Contabilidad Pública y Auditoría en la Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN recinto Nueva Guinea. El enfoque fue cuali-cuantitativo. La recopilación de información se hizo a través de entrevistas individuales, grupos focales, observación, encuesta y revisión documental.Han existido dificultades en las estrategias educativas entre los docentes, por lo cual es importante efectuar una revisión del currículo de la carrera de Contabilidad Pública y Auditoria, lo que permitiría rediseñarlo por competencias e incorporar estrategias con el fin de fortalecer la educación de los futuros profesionales.SummaryThe study has highlighted the successful implementation of educational strategies developed by teachers in the career of Accounting and Auditing at the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast (URACCAN campus New Guinea. The approach was qualitative and quantitative. The information collected was done through individual interviews, focus groups, observation, survey and literature review.The review of the Public Accounting and Auditing study program intended to define the difficulties faced by teacher in their educational strategies, so as to improve strategies and competences development among students.