Tratamiento del síndrome neuroléptico maligno

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Franklin Escobar Córdoba; Irina Goretty Polanía-Dussán; Sandra Milena Toro-Herrera

2011-01-01

El síndrome neuroléptico maligno es una complicación grave del tratamiento con psicofármacos. La principal característica es la hipertermia, acompañada de hipertonía muscular, alteración del nivel de conciencia e inestabilidad autonómica. Identificar el tratamiento adecuado para los pacientes con síndrome neuroléptico maligno según la gravedad y la apropiada evaluación de riesgos y beneficios de las opciones terapéuticas. Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed con los términos MESH: síndrome neuro...

Tumor de párpados: 241 casos: hallazgos y desafíos para la reconstrucción

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E. Martínez Vera

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Realizamos un estudio observacional, descriptivo, temporalmente retrospectivo, en el que fueron evaluados 241 pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor de párpado de diferentes etiologías entre 1981 y 2009. La edad promedio fue de 44,17 años, siendo de sexo femenino 162 pacientes (67,2 %. No hubo preferencia de localización en cuanto a la zona afectada. Según Anatomía Patológica, 164 casos (68 % fueron tumores benignos y 77 casos (32 % tumores malignos. Los diagnósticos postoperatorios más frecuentes fueron, entre los tumores malignos, el de carcinoma basocelular en 63 pacientes (82%, y entre los tumores benignos, el de chalazión en 25 pacientes (15,2 %. Las técnicas quirúrgicas más empleadas fueron la resección simple con sutura en los tumores benignos, y el colgajo músculo-cutáneo monopediculado de párpado superior en los tumores malignos. En el seguimiento postoperatorio al año de la cirugía realizado sobre 38 pacientes (15,8 % con tumor maligno, se observaron 6 casos (7,7 % de recidiva.

A eletrencefalografia nos tumores intracranianos. Considerações sobre nove casos cirurgicamente verificados

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Paulo Pinto Pupo

1948-03-01

aspecto do cérebro na craniotomia fronto-partietal, cujo exame histopatológico revelou tecido cerebral próximo a glioma maligno. Finalmente, as observações 8 a 9, com EEG normal, são respectivamente de um adenoma da hipófise e de um neurinoma do acústico, tumores que não afetam direta ou indiretamente os hemisférios cerebrais. O material eletrencefalográfico apresenta alterações focais do tipo de ondas lentas, ondas extremamente lentas com figuras de reversão de fases, ondas teta ou disritmias epilépticas de início e predominância localizadas, nos casos de tumores bem delimitados, ou alterações difusas por todo um hemisfério com predominância em determinadas áreas e repercussão para áreas simétricas do hemisfério oposto, nos casos de tumores difusos e infiltrativos. Tais elementos mostram que o EEG, além do diagnóstico e localização dos tumores intracranianos, pode também fornecer elementos sobre o próprio tipo do tumor. Com tais resultados, os AA. consideram a eletrencefalografia um método de alto valor na semiologia dos tumores intracranianos.

Melanoma maligno anaplásico em um eqüino Anaplastic malignant melanoma in a horse

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Daniel Ricardo Rissi

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Descreve-se um caso de melanoma maligno anaplásico em uma égua Crioula, tordilha, com 10 anos de idade, com histórico clínico de apatia, perda de peso progressiva, febre, anorexia e dispnéia. Múltiplas massas pigmentadas e não-pigmentadas, bem delimitadas ou infiltrativas, foram observadas no tecido subcutâneo e em vários órgãos. Histologicamente o neoplasma era composto de populações de células fusiformes, redondas ou poliédricas e, menos freqüentemente, de células multinucleadas e "células em anel de sinete". O diagnóstico foi realizado com base nos achados clinicopatológicos e confirmado pela microscopia eletrônica de transmissão.A case of anaplastic malignant melanoma in a 10-year-old gray mare is described. Clinical signs included depression, progressive weight loss, fever, anorexia, and dyspnea. Multiple circumscribed or infiltrative, pigmented, and non-pigmented tumors were observed in subcutaneous tissue and in several organs. Histological examination revealed a marked variation in neoplastic cell population, which was composed by spindle, round, polyhedrical, and less frequently, multinucleated or signet ring cells. The diagnostic was based up on clinical and pathological findings, and confirmed by transmission electronic microscopy.

Macrophages From Irradiated Tumors Express Higher Levels of iNOS, Arginase-I and COX-2, and Promote Tumor Growth

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsai, C.-S.; Chen, F.-H.; Wang, C.-C.; Huang, H.-L.; Jung, Shih-Ming; Wu, C.-J.; Lee, C.-C.; McBride, William H.; Chiang, C.-S.; Hong, J.-H.

2007-01-01

Purpose: To investigate the effects of single and fractionated doses of radiation on tumors and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and to elucidate the potential of TAMs to influence tumor growth. Methods and Materials: A murine prostate cell line, TRAMP-C1, was grown in C57Bl/6J mice to 4-mm tumor diameter and irradiated with either 25 Gy in a single dose, or 60 Gy in 15 fractions. The tumors were removed at the indicated times and assessed for a variety of markers related to TAM content, activation status, and function. Results: In tumors receiving a single radiation dose, arginase (Arg-I), and cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression increased as a small transient wave within 24 h and a larger persistent wave starting after 3 days. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA was elevated only after 3 days and continued to increase up to 3 weeks. After fractionated irradiation, Arg-1 and COX-2 mRNA levels increased within 5 days, whereas iNOS was increased only after 10 fractions of irradiation had been given. Increased levels of Arg-I, COX-2, and, to a lesser extent, iNOS protein were found to associate with TAMs 1-2 weeks after tumor irradiation. Function of TAMs were compared by mixing them with TRAMP-C1 cells and injecting them into mice; TRAMP-C1 cells mixed with TAMs from irradiated tumors appeared earlier and grew significantly faster than those mixed with TAMs from unirradiated tumors or TRAMP-C1 alone. Conclusions: Tumor-associated macrophages in the postirradiated tumor microenvironment express higher levels of Arg-1, COX-2, and iNOS, and promote early tumor growth in vivo

iNOS+ macrophages: potential alternate and tool for effective tumor therapy

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Prakash, Hridayesh; KIug, Felix; Jäger, Dirk; Hammerling, Gunter; Beckhove, Philipp

2014-01-01

Inefficient migration of immune effector cells in the tumor is a major limitation of effective therapy against solid tumors. This is due to immunosuppressive micro environment and impermissive endothelium which protects tumors from immune attack which is attributed to massive infiltration of tumors by macrophages which are known as tumor associated macrophages which are INOS low , Arginase- 1+ , Ym- 1+ , CD206 + (known as M2 or alternatively activated or tumor associated macrophages). Accumulation of M2 has been associated with the poor prognosis in the majority of cancer patients. Radiotherapy has recently been introduced as a potential strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy and tumor immune rejection. This is the only clinically advanced approach for noninvasive, site-specific intervention in cancer patients. Majority of cancer patients are routinely irradiated with therapeutic and high doses of γ-radiations which frequently manifest severe local/systemic acute. Low dose radiation (LDR) on the other hand may provide good alternatives of HDR for avoiding such toxicities. In this line, our pioneer study demonstrated that local/systemic low dose irradiation of tumors (2 Gy) effectively modified tumor micro environment and facilitated infiltration of peripheral immune effectors cells (T-cells) in neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas called insulinoma in RIP1-Tag5 (RT5) mice and primary human pancreatic carcinoma. Such tumor infiltration of T cells remained strictly dependent on iNOS + peritumoral macrophages. Our study also explicitly revealed that adoptive transfer of iNOS expressing macrophages in unirradiated RIP1-Tag5 (RT5) also offer a promising intervention to establish those populations of macrophages in the tumor tissue that enable therapeutic efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. We here demonstrate the critical role of iNOS + macrophages in joint regulation of tumor micro environment (angiogenesis) as well as effector T cell recruitment into tumor tissue and

A "Trojan horse" strategy to reverse drug-resistance in brain tumors

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Pinzon-Daza, Martha L.

2014-01-01

Los gliomas malignos representan una de las formas más agresivas de los tumores del sistema nervioso central (SNC). De acuerdo con la clasificación de los tumores cerebrales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), los astrocitomas han sido categorizados en cuatro grados, determinados por la patología subyacente. Es así como los gliomas malignos (o de alto grado) incluyen el glioma anaplásico (grado III) así como el glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, grado IV),estos últimos los más agresiv...

The maspin expression in canine mammary tumors: an immunohistochemical and molecular study A expressão do maspin nos tumores mamários caninos: um estudo imuno-histoquímico e molecular

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Debora A.P.C. Zuccari

2009-02-01

Full Text Available The serpin maspin, a tumor suppressor in breast cancer was described as an inhibitor of cell migration and inducer of cell adhesion between the basement membrane and extracellular matrix resulting in inhibition of tumor metastasis. In contrast, overexpression of maspin is correlated with poor prognosis in other types of cancer. Little is known about expression, regulation and function of maspin in canine mammary tumors. It was demonstrated in this study, a loss of maspin expression in malignant canine mammary cells compared with a pool of normal canine mammary tissue, analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR; weak maspin expression in malignant canine mammary tumors were observed by immunohistochemistry. It was also demonstrated that a correlation with nuclear maspin expression and a good prognosis. It is suggested that maspin could be used as a prognostic marker in canine mammary neoplasia.O serpin maspin, um supressor tumoral no câncer de mama foi descrito como inibidor de migração celular e indutor de adesão celular entre a membrana basal e a matriz extracelular resultando na inibição da metástase tumoral. Por outro lado, a alta expressão do maspin está relacionada com um mau prognóstico em outros tipos de câncer. Pouco se sabe sobre a expressão, regulação e função do maspin nos tumores mamários caninos. Neste estudo, foi demonstrada uma perda da expressão de maspin nas células mamárias malignas de cães quando comparadas com um pool de tecido mamário normal de cães, analisado por PCR quantitativa em tempo real. Houve uma expressão fraca maspin em preparações de tumores mamários malignos observadas por imuno-histoquímica. Também foi verificado que a expressão nuclear do maspin em tumores mamários caninos está relacionada a um bom prognóstico. Assim, o maspin pode ser utilizado como um marcador prognóstico nas neoplasias mamárias em cães.

Biopsy study of salivary gland tumors

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Rubio Pampín, Maria Magdalena; Hernández Melgarejo, Yasel; Sánchez Camacho, Luís Manuel; Martínez Larrarte, José Pedro

2015-01-01

Las neoplasias malignas y benignas de glándulas salivales pueden encontrarse en las glándulas salivales mayores (parótidas, submandibular, sublingual), así como en las innumerables glándulas salivares menores distribuidas por toda la mucosa de la cavidad bucal. Estas neoplasias dan lugar a una amplia variedad de tumores malignos y benignos. Entre el 65 y el 85 % se originan en la parótida y aproximadamente un 15 % son malignos. Nuestra investigación incluyó todos los casos con estudio biópsic...

Tratamiento del síndrome neuroléptico maligno

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Franklin Escobar Córdoba

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El síndrome neuroléptico maligno es una complicación grave del tratamiento con psicofármacos. La principal característica es la hipertermia, acompañada de hipertonía muscular, alteración del nivel de conciencia e inestabilidad autonómica. Identificar el tratamiento adecuado para los pacientes con síndrome neuroléptico maligno según la gravedad y la apropiada evaluación de riesgos y beneficios de las opciones terapéuticas. Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed con los términos MESH: síndrome neuroléptico maligno, tratamiento y terapia; utilizando como límites: ensayos clínicos controlados, metaanálisis, guías de práctica clínica, revisiones, población adulta e idiomas: inglés, francés y alemán. Se hallaron 25 artículos, los cuales fueron analizados, y se encontró que el tratamiento se fundamenta en la sospecha clínica precoz y en la suspensión inmediata de los neurolépticos, la hidratación, el apoyo hemodinámico, corregir el desequilibrio del estado ácido-base y la hipoxemia. La administración de agonistas de la dopamina, dantrolene y benzodiacepinas puede ser de utilidad en algunos casos. El tratamiento debe ser escogido de forma individualizada, con base en la severidad de la enfermedad. Para casos leves, el soporte hídrico y metabólico puede ser suficiente; en casos severos se deben tomar medidas que incluyen agentes farmacológicos, terapia electroconvulsiva y monitorización en cuidados intensivos.

Dermoscopic clues in the diagnosis of amelanotic and hypomelanotic malignant melanoma Pistas dermatoscópicas no diagnóstico de melanoma maligno amelanótico e hipomelanótico

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Raquel Bissacotti Steglich

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The clinical identification of amelanotic malignant melanoma (AMM and hypomelanotic malignant melanoma (HMM becomes difficult due to the lack of pigmentation and to the diverse clinical presentations. Dermoscopy is very useful in these cases, increasing the level of suspicion of malignancy. We report 4 cases of amelanotic malignant melanoma and hypomelanotic malignant melanoma with characteristic dermoscopic findings. Dermoscopy under polarized light demonstrates vascular polymorphism, globules and milky-red areas, in addition to chrysalis and multiple blue-gray dots.A identificação clínica de melanoma maligno amelanótico e hipomelanótico torna-se difícil devido à falta de pigmentação e às diversas apresentações desse tipo de tumor. A dermatoscopia é muito útil nestes casos, aumentando o grau de suspeição de malignidade. Relatamos 4 casos de melanoma maligno amelanótico e melanoma maligno hipomelanótico com achados dermatoscópicos característicos. A dermatoscopia com luz polarizada demonstra polimorfismo vascular, glóbulos e áreas vermelholeitosas, assim como crisálides e múltiplos pontos azul-acinzentados.

Comportamiento de los tumores malignos de los párpados en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología

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María de los Ángeles Melgares Ramos

Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento clínico-histopatológico de los tumores malignos palpebrales y las modalidades de tratamiento aplicadas en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología. Métodos: se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de 255 pacientes tratados consecutivamente en el periodo de enero 1995 a julio 2010. Los casos fueron evaluados según localización del tumor, modalidad de tratamiento, recurrencias, recidivas, complicaciones y sobrevida. El estadiamiento se realizó según los criterios de la la Unión Internacional contra el Cáncer como T1N0M0, T2N0M0, T3N0M0, T4N0M0. Resultados: del total de pacientes, 54,1 % fueron masculinos y 45,9 % femeninos con rangos de edad entre 18 y 80 años. La localización más frecuente fue en el párpado inferior (35 %, y el canto externo, la variedad histopatológica predominante fue el carcinoma basocelular (47,8 %. El tratamiento de elección fue la cirugía, la que se realizó a 198 pacientes. El 50,2 % de los casos tratados tuvieron persistencia tumoral con infiltración de los bordes de sección quirúrgicos, los cuales recibieron tratamiento radiante adyuvante. Se presentaron recurrencias en el 3,5 % entre 3 y 5 meses y recidivas en el 7,1 % de los casos, a partir del primer año después de terminado el tratamiento inicial, las complicaciones más frecuentes encontradas fueron los pobres resultados cosméticos, disminución de la visión, úlceras corneales, entre otras. La sobrevida fue de 86,3 %. Conclusiones: se hace necesaria la introducción de modernos y conservadores tratamientos como alternativa a la cirugía que sean capaces de controlar el tumor y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer palpebral en casos específicos.

CIRUGÍA MICROGRÁFICA DE MOHS TRATAMIENTO DE LOS TUMORES MALIGNOS CUTÁNEOS DE ALTA AGRESIVIDAD Y COMPLEJIDAD.

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Michel Faizal Geagea

2015-09-01

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La cirugía micrográfica de Mohs es el tratamiento quirúrgico con más altas tasas de curación de los tumores malignos cutáneos agresivos localmente invasivos, minimizando el sacrificio innecesario de tejidos peritumorales sanos. Los márgenes oncológicos son determinados en etapas sucesivas, los tejidos son evaluados en cortes histológicos horizontales en tres dimensiones, identificando con precisión la localización de la persistencia oncológica y subsecuente escisión hasta la inexistencia del tumor respetando los tejidos sanos que no son removidos. La conclusión diagnóstica de la evaluación de las neoplasias cutáneas, se deriva del laudo histopatológico el cual debe conducir en la elección de la mejor opción terapéutica. El tratamiento del cáncer cutáneo es realizado con métodos quirúrgicos o médicos, bien sea por la destrucción a ciegas o por la evaluación histológica de los márgenes oncológicos que determinan una porción de los límites del tumor. Las neoplasias malignas cutáneas que no han recibido tratamiento o las recurrentes consideraciones de alto riesgo por presentar características clínicas y/o histológicas agresivas, deben recibir la mejor opción terapéutica. Actualmente la cirugía micrográfica de Mohs ofrece la mejor curabilidad de los pacientes con tumores cutáneos, con un menor sacrificio de los tejidos perilesionales sanos, resultando en pequeños defectos quirúrgicos comparados con las consecuentes de resecciones quirúrgicas convencionales, repercutiendo en la complejidad de la reconstrucción. Las altas posibilidades de curación y los menores defectos quirúrgicos resultantes de la cirugía micrográfica de Mohs, crea un impacto costo-efectivo en la reducción de procedimientos quirúrgicos repetidos.

MOHS SURGERY IN TREATING AGGRESSIVE SKIN CANCERS

ABSTRACT

Final diagnosis in assessing skin cancers derives from histopathology, then

Carcinoma de células escamosas em bovinos, ovinos e eqüinos: estudo de 50 casos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

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Adriano Tony Ramos; Diego Mollerke Norte; Fabiana Elias; Cristina Gevehr Fernandes

2007-01-01

O carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) é um tumor maligno dos queratinócitos. O desenvolvimento desse tipo de tumor está associado a muitos fatores, incluindo a exposição prolongada à luz ultravioleta, falta de pigmento na epiderme, perda de pêlos ou cobertura de pêlos muito esparsa nos locais afetados. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de carcinoma de células escamosas em animais de produção (bovinos, ovinos e eqüinos) de 1978 a 2002. O material foi obtido nos arquivos do Laborat...

Absceso de pared abdominal por tumor maligno de colon transverso.

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Morales Polanco, Sergio; Díaz Rosales, Juan de Dios; Arenas Valles, Jorge

2017-01-01

Introduction: Colon cancer is one of the most frequent and mortal digestive tumors. Complications of this disease could be several and in a few cases, could be rare and infrequent. This article present a case of patient with an abdominal wall abscess due to a malignant transverse colonic tumor. Clinic presentation: Male 56 years-old patient with sepsis and a mass in left superior quadrant on abdomen. The patient was underwent to exploratory laparotomy and findings were a large tumor in transv...

Punção aspirativa nos tumores das glândulas salivares: especificidade e sensibilidade Fine needle aspiration in salivary gland tumors: specificity and sensitivity

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Antonio José Gonçalves

2007-06-01

Full Text Available As neoplasias das glândulas salivares são afecções que constituem aproximadamente 3% de todos os tumores da cabeça e pescoço. O tratamento cirúrgico adequado depende do correto conhecimento do tipo histológico, principalmente quando se trata de lesões malignas. Dessa maneira, a correta determinação do diagnóstico histológico pré-operatório auxilia em muito o planejamento terapêutico, porém, geralmente, isto é difícil de se estabelecer baseado apenas nos achados da história, exame clínico e de imagem. OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo avalia comparativamente os resultados de exames citológicos obtidos através de punção aspirativa com agulha fina (PAAF de tumores de glândulas salivares, realizados no período pré-operatório, com os dados histológicos de espécimes cirúrgicos, analisando a sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia do método quanto ao diagnóstico de malignidade e benignidade. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 73 prontuários de pacientes portadores de neoplasia de glândulas salivares, todos submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico. RESULTADOS: Obtivemos 87,9% de sensibilidade e 85,7% de especificidade para diagnóstico de tumores benignos; sensibilidade de 42,9% e especificidade de 98,3% para diagnóstico de tumores malignos. O valor global da acurácia foi de 87,7%, o valor preditivo positivo de 85,7% e o negativo de 87,8% para diagnóstico de malignidade com a PAAF. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que a PAAF como método diagnóstico auxiliar, pode ser útil na avaliação pré-operatória, especialmente se o diagnóstico for de malignidade, contribuindo assim para um melhor planejamento cirúrgico do doente.Neoplasms of salivary glands represent almost 3% of all head and neck tumors. Proper surgical treatment depends upon accurate histological findings, especially in the case of malignant lesions. As such, knowledge of correct cytological findings prior to surgery is important for therapeutic planning. This is not

Malignant eccrine poroma Poroma ecrino maligno

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Walter León

1990-01-01

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We report on the case of a 47 year-old man with the diagnosis of malignant eccrine poroma, located on the right foot; he died from metastatic lesions affecting inguinal region, lungs, liver and central nervous system. Clinical and histopathologic findings are discussed .A review Is Included on sweat gland carcinomas.

Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 47 años a quien se le diagnosticó un poroma ecrlno maligno localizado en el dorso del pie derecho, con metástasis a región inguinal, pulmón, hígado y sistema nervioso central, que le produjeron la muerte. Se discuten los hallazgos clínicos e histopatológicos.

Marcadores morfológicos de prognóstico no mesotelioma maligno: um estudo de 58 casos Morphological aspects as prognostic factors in malignant mesothelioma: a study of 58 cases

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Alexandre Bottrel Motta

2006-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Diversos marcadores têm se mostrados promissórios como preditores do diagnóstico e prognóstico do mesotelioma maligno (MM. MÉTODO: Mediante estudo morfométrico e inmunomarcação de componentes estromais (calretinina, CEA, Leu-M1 e trombomodulina e nucleares (p53 e Ki-67, avaliamos a sobrevida após o diagnóstico de 58 pacientes com tumores malignos de pleura. RESULTADOS: O padrão histológico típico do mesotelioma maligno foi encontrado em 50 casos e o padrão atípico em 8 casos. Imunohistoquimicamente foram confirmados 40 casos como sendo mesoteliomas, 11 como adenocarcimonas e 7 casos do padrão atípico não puderam ser classificados. A análise multivariavel do Cox demonstrou a coexistência de um maior fator de risco de morte (476.2, nos pacientes com idade avançada, subtipo histológico bifásico e componentes de expressão nuclear. CONCLUSÃO: A calretinina foi o marcador inmunohistoquímico (IHQ mais útil para o diagnóstico do mesotelioma e o CEA para o de adenocarcinoma. A quantificação por IHQ da trombomodulina foi fundamental na diferenciação do mesotelioma quando este foi positivo tanto para calretinina e como para o CEA. A informação prognostica mais valiosa foi a fornecida pela análise rotineira histopatológica do tipo histológico tumoral. Um ponto importante, divisor natural, foi a idade com uma media de 55 anos e 30.5% de componentes nucleares de marcação IHQ, separando os pacientes em dois grupos: pacientes com uma sobrevivência curta contra pacientes com uma sobrevivência mais longa que a esperada. Assim, a análise histopatológica oferece uma arma poderosa e de elevado potencial para guiar no tratamento adjuvante de quimioterápicos após a retirada cirúrgica do mesotelioma.OBJECTIVE: Various markers have shown promise as diagnostic markers and prognostic predictors in malignant mesothelioma (MM. METHODS: Through morphometric and immunological studies of markers in stromal components

iNOS expression and biosynthesis of nitric oxide metabolites in the course of tumor growth of different histogenesis

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V. P. Deryagina

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The dynamics of the production of nitric oxide (NO metabolites: nitrites, nitrates, volatile nitrosamines and iNOS expression was studied in mice with subcutaneous transplanted, spontaneous and chemical- induced tumors. Tumor growth was accompanied by increased production of nitrites + nitrates in tumors or their release with urine that not dependent on tumor histotype. The total concentration of nitrites and nitrates in tumors reached micromolar levels characteristic of nitrosative stress. The ability of peritoneal macrophages + monocytes to generates nitrites was suppressed at the stage of intensive growth of the Lewis lung carcinoma, which may indicate a decrease in the cytotoxic properties of immune cells. The possibility of formation in the Erlich carcinoma of volative N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine compounds with pronounced carcinogenic properties was demonstrated. A positive expression of iNOS was revealed in some areas of lung carcinoma at all investigated time points using the immunohistochemical method. The lungs metastases were not stain or weakly stained. This may indicate selection of the cells with a low activity of iNOS migrating in the lungs.

Canine malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor involving nerve roots of the third lumbar spinal cord segmentTumor maligno da bainha de nervo periférico envolvendo raízes nervosas do terceiro segmento medular lombar em um cão

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Elisângela Olegário da Silva

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST involving spinal nerve roots are uncommon in dogs. A nine-year old, intact, mixed-breed dog, demonstrated clinical signs of incoordination in the pelvic limbs and micturition for approximately one week. Clinical examination revealed proprioceptive deficits and bilateral patellar hyperreflexia. During exploratory celiotomy a mass was observed adhered to the lumbar vertebral segments. Medical therapy was initiated, but neurological signs were progressive, and the owner opted for euthanasia. Gross examination showed that the mass in the abdominal cavity was attached to the lumbar segments L3 and L4, causing bone lysis in L3, but showed no tumor invasion into the spinal canal. Microscopic features were characterized by prominent proliferation of ovoid and fusiform cells with poorly defined cytoplasm arranged in interlacing bundles and concentric whorls. The cells were embedded in a delicate to moderate collagenous stroma and moderate anisokariose and high mitotic activity were noted. The immunohistochemical assay showed positive staining for GFAP, S-100 protein and vimentin, and negative staining for factor VIII, ?-actin and citokeratine. The definitive diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor was made on the basis of the histological and immunohistochemical findings. Tumores malignos da bainha de nervo periférico (TMBNP em raízes nervosas espinhais são incomuns em cães. Relata-se o caso de um cão, sem raça definida, nove anos de idade, não castrado, com histórico de incoordenação em membros pélvicos e retenção urinária há aproximadamente uma semana. Ao exame clínico constatou-se déficit proprioceptivo e hiperreflexia patelar bilaterais. Durante a celiotomia exploratória constatou-se uma massa intensamente vascularizada e aderida aos segmentos vertebrais lombares. Estabeleceu-se plano terapêutico e o animal foi tratado com fluidoterapia, anti-inflamatório e analg

Experimental model of ultrasound thermotherapy in rats inoculated with Walker-236 tumor Modelo experimental de termoterapia ultrassônica em ratos inoculados com tumor de Walker-236

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José Antonio Carlos Otaviano David Morano

2011-01-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To develop a model to evaluate the effects of focal pulsed ultrasound (US waves as a source of heat for treatment of murine subcutaneous implanted Walker tumor. METHODS: An experimental, controlled, comparative study was conducted. Twenty male Wistar rats (160-300 g randomized in 2 equal groups (G-1: Control and G-2: Hyperthermia were inoculated with Walker-256 carcinosarcoma tumor. After 5 days G-2 rats were submitted to 45ºC hyperthermia. Heat was delivered directly to the tumor by an ultrasound (US equipment (3 MHz frequency, 1,5W/cm³. Tumor temperature reached 45º C in 3 minutes and was maintained at this level for 5 minutes. Tumor volume was measured on days 5, 8, 11, 14 e 17 post inoculation in both groups. Unpaired t-test was used for comparison. POBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo para avaliar os efeitos do ultra-som focal pulsado como fonte de calor para o tratamento de tumores de Walker subcutâneos implantados em ratos. MÉTODOS: Um estudo experimental, controlado, comparativo foi realizado. Vinte ratos Wistar machos (160-300 g divididos em dois grupos (G-1: Controle e G-2: hipertermia foram inoculados com tumor de Walker carcinossarcoma-256. Após cinco dias os ratos do grupo G-2 ratos foram submetidos a hipertermia (45ºC. O calor foi aplicado diretamente no tumor por um equipamento de ultrassonografia (3 MHz, 1,5 W/cm³. A temperatura no tumor atingiu 45ºC em 3 minutos e foi mantida nesse nível por 5 minutos. O volume do tumor foi medido nos dias 5, 8, 11, 14 e 17 após a inoculação, em ambos os grupos. Teste t não pareado foi utilizado para comparação. P <0,05 foi considerado significante. RESULTADOS: O volume do tumor foi significativamente maior no 5º dia e diminuiu nos dias 11, 14 e 17 nos ratos tratados. Animais submetidos à hipertermia sobreviveram mais tempo que os animais do grupo controle. No 29º dia após a inoculação do tumor, 40% dos ratos do grupo controle e 77,78% dos ratos tratados com

Profile of immune cells in lymph nodes draining human malignant tumors Perfil de las células inmunes en los ganglios linfáticos que drenan tumores malignos humanos

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Wanda Di Girolamo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to characterize and quantify cells involved in immune response in metastasis-free regional lymph nodes (RLNs draining different human epithelial tumors and compare them (by immunohistochemistry with control lymph nodes from patients with non malignant diseases. We showed that T cells number was decreased in RLNs as compared to the controls with reduction in both CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells subsets and an inverted ratio (CD4+: CD8+. B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells were decreased with respect to the controls. S100+ dendritic cells (DCs and mature DCs were detected in T dependent areas. Their mean number was significantly lower as compared to control. Immature DCs were significantly diminished compared to RLN and control nodes. CD57+ cells, follicular T helper cells and/or NK cells, were localized in the clear zone of germinal centres and their mean number was significantly increased. There were no CD57+ cells in hypoplastic follicles. In this study we show that RLNs draining human cancer present reduction in almost all immune cells, except CD57+ cells. These findings may be related to the deficient anti-tumor immune response in patients with cancer and subsequent tumor progression.El objetivo del trabajo fue caracterizar y cuantificar utilizando inmuno-histoquímica, las células involucradas en la respuesta inmune en ganglios linfáticos regionales (GLRs que drenan distintos tumores epiteliales malignos humanos y compararlas con ganglios controles (GLCs provenientes de pacientes sin enfermedad neoplásica maligna. Determinamos que los GLRs presentaban una marcada depleción de linfocitos B y T, células dendríticas (CD foliculares y CD interdigitantes maduras respecto a los controles. En los linfocitos T, además de estar disminuidos, se observó una inversión de la relación T CD4+: T CD8+, a favor de los T CD8+. La depleción de CD inmaduras fue mayor respecto a las maduras. Las células CD57+, c

Prevalência e achados epidemiológicos, anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos dos tumores hepáticos malignos primários de cães da Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul (1965-2012

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Mariana M. Flores

2013-04-01

Full Text Available A prevalência e os aspectos epidemiológicos, anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos dos tumores hepáticos malignos primários (THMP em cães foram estudados. De 7.373 cães necropsiados em 48 anos (1965-2012, 64 morreram de THMP, o que corresponde a 0,9% do total de cães que morreram por qualquer causa, 7,8% do total de cães que morreram por tumores em geral e 33,5% do total de cães que morreram por tumores hepáticos. Desses 64 casos de THMP, 51 foram revistos histologicamente, avaliados imuno-histoquimicamente e reclassificados como carcinomas (colangiocarcinomas [n=36], carcinomas hepatocelulares [n=9] e hepatocolangiocarcinoma [n=1] e sarcomas (hemangiossarcomas [n=5]. Dos cães com colangiocarcinomas e carcinomas hepatocelulares em que a idade estava disponível nos protocolos, 64,7% e 77,8% eram idosos, respectivamente. Na necropsia, colangiocarcinomas caracterizaram-se principalmente por ocorrerem em um padrão multinodular (83,3%, enquanto carcinomas hepatocelulares ocorreram tanto de forma massiva (44,4% quanto nodular (44,4%. Metástases extra-hepáticas foram vistas em 77,8% e 33,3% dos casos de colangiocarcinomas e carcinomas hepatocelulares, respectivamente, e em relação aos colangiocarcinomas afetaram principalmente pulmões (52,8%, linfonodos (50% e peritônio (19,4%. Ascite (22,2% e icterícia (22,2% foram achados associados ocasionalmente com ambos os tumores. Na histologia, a maior parte dos colangiocarcinomas (86,1% e dos carcinomas hepatocelulares (55,6% tinha padrão tubular e trabecular, respectivamente. Na imuno-histoquímica, a maioria (63,9% dos colangiocarcinomas demonstrou imunomarcação para CK7 e nenhum imunomarcou para Hep Par 1. A maioria (55,6% dos carcinomas hepatocelulares demonstrou imunomarcação para Hep Par 1 e nenhum imunomarcou para CK7. Os resultados aqui apresentados demonstram uma altíssima prevalência de THMP, principalmente colangiocarcinomas, e servem para auxiliar, através dos

Estudio sobre tumores melanóticos del jámster sirio. II. Efecto de la edad del jámster dorado (Mesocricetus auratus sobre la inducción de tumores melanóticos por el 9,10 dimetilbenzantraceno

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José Perea Sasiaín

1966-10-01

Full Text Available En medicina humana es bien conocida la influencia de la edad sobre la frecuencia del melanoma maligno: este tumor es muy infrecuente, si no excepcional, antes de la pubertad. Los pocos casos documentados de transmisión transplacentaria de tumores, han sido en su mayoría melanomas, lo cual prueba que el infante es susceptible al crecimiento de trasplantes de este tumor, proveniente de la madre. En el jamster dorado se han inducido tumores melanóticos mediante una sola aplicación de 9,10 dimetilbenzantraceno (D MBA. Estos tumores no son considerados malignos por su aspecto histológico, no dar metástasis, ni producir la muerte del animal, ni ser transplantables   regularmente a huéspedes homólogos. Son, sin embargo, de grande importancia para el estudio de la inducción de la melanogénesis. El presente estudio fue realizado "con el fin de establecer la influencia que la edad pudiera tener sobre la cantidad de tumores inducidos por el DMBA. Se consideró en particular que el jámster dorado no alcanza su madurez sexual hasta después del mes (45-60 días, descontando casos excepcionales como el observado a los 28 días.

Infiltração do sistema nervoso central e das meninges nos linfomas com representação leucemica

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Marcos R. G. de Freitas

1981-12-01

Full Text Available Os autores fazem referência a 4 pacientes com representação leucêmica no decurso de linfomas malignos que apresentaram infiltração de células neoplasicas no sistema nervoso central e meninges. É feito o estudo anatomopatoló-gico, encontrando-se em 2 deles a formação de nódulos leucêmicos no parênquima nervoso. Nos outros dois, houve regressão total de sintomatologia neurológica com o uso do metotrexate por via intratecal.

Estudio anatomopatológico de los tumores de las glándulas salivares

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Ortega Salas, Rosa María

2011-01-01

Hemos estudiado, de forma retrospectiva, las características epidemiológicas, morfológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de 400 tumores de las glándulas salivares. La clasificación diagnóstica utilizada ha sido la de Ellis y Auclair (AFIP 1995). Los tumores de las glándulas salivares de nuestras serie son neoplasias que afectan con mayor frecuencia a pacientes entre 30 y 60 años de edad; en los pacientes con tumores benignos, la edad es significativamente menor que los que presentan turmores malignos...

Malignant eccrine spiradenoma of the nasolabial fold: A case report Espiradenoma ecrino maligno en el surco nasolabial: Caso clínico

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Guillermo Gómez Oliveira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Malignant eccrine spiradenoma (MES is a rare malignancy of the eccrine sweat glands. It usually presents as a small, firm, reddish painful and small solitary nodule. Head and neck are rare locations. Etiology is unknown although previous trauma is believed to be an implicated factor. MES arises over a prior benign spiradenoma. Clinical behavior is aggressive with a high rate of recurrences and distant metastases. Prognosis is poor. Diagnosis is based on histological findings and treatment must be aggressive from the beginning to achieve the best results. Since Kersting and Helwig first described the case in 1956, and Beekley et al., reported its malignant transformation in 1971, only a few cases can be found in the literature. Based on these particular features we report a case of a 75-year-old man diagnosed on a MES that arises in a very unusual location, with a peculiar histopathology and behavior.El espiradenoma ecrino maligno (EEM es un tumor maligno poco frecuente de las glándulas sudoríparas ecrinas. Suele presentarse como un pequeño nódulo eritematoso, firme, solitario y doloroso. La cabeza y el cuello son una localización excepcional. Se desconoce la etiología aunque se considera que un traumatismo previo es un factor implicado. El EEM se origina sobre un espiradenoma benigno previo. La conducta clínica es agresiva con una elevada tasa de recidivas y metástasis a distancia. El pronóstico es infausto. El diagnóstico se basa en los hallazgos histológicos y el tratamiento ha de ser agresivo desde el principio para obtener los mejores resultados. Desde que, en 1956, Kersting y Helwig describieran el primer caso, y, en 1971, Beekley y cols. documentaran su transformación maligna, sólo se han publicado unos pocos casos. En función de estas características específicas, describimos a un hombre de 75 años de edad, en el que se estableció el diagnóstico de este tumor, originado en una localización poco habitual, con una

Glaucoma maligno en paciente con cirugía previa de catarata traumática e implante valvular: reporte de caso

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Juan Carlos Serna-Ojeda

2015-07-01

Full Text Available El glaucoma maligno es un glaucoma secundario asociado con un bloqueo ciliar y dirección equivocada del flujo del humor acuoso. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 19 años con antecedente de explosión de filtro metálico en ojo derecho. Se encuentra con una presión intraocular de 52 mmHg y cristalino luxado a cámara anterior. Se inicia terapia máxima para glaucoma y se realiza facoemulsificación con posterior colocación de válvula de Ahmed, y 3 semanas después de la cirugía presenta hallazgos clínicos compatibles con glaucoma maligno. Se presenta el seguimiento del paciente y los estudios de imagen indicados

Condição periodontal de indivíduos submetidos à radioterapia associada ou não à quimioterapia das vias aerodigestivas superiores: um estudo prospectivo

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Audrey Cristina Bueno

2009-01-01

Estudos que investigam a progressão da doença periodontal em pacientes submetidos à radioterapia, como parte do tratamento de tumores malignos das vias aerodigestivas superiores (principalmente nos tumores de boca), mostram aumento da perda de inserção periodontal, que pode ser explicada por uma associação de fatores como ação direta da radiação sobre os tecidos, acúmulo de biofilme bacteriano e por alteração da resposta imunológica do hospedeiro. Entretanto estes estudos são poucos e com tam...

Estudo retrospectivo de 1.647 tumores mamários em cães

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José C. Oliveira Filho

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Tumores mamários são comuns em cães, e constituem o neoplasma mais frequente em cadelas. Este estudo tem como objetivos principais estabelecer a prevalência dos tumores mamários, e dos diferentes tipos histológicos (neoplásicos e não-neoplásicos, diagnosticados em cães no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (LPV-UFSM. Foram avaliados 1.304 protocolos de exames histopatológicos recebidos em 1990-2008 e 132 protocolos de necropsias realizadas em 2000-2008. Deles foram obtidos a raça, o sexo e a idade dos cães, a localização do tumor na cadeia mamária, o diagnóstico morfológico e a ocorrência de metástases. Nos protocolos de exame histopatológico, foram diagnosticados 1.495 tumores, considerando que alguns cães tinham mais de um tipo de tumor, sendo 1.465 neoplásicos e 30 não-neoplásicos. Dos neoplásicos, 390 (26,6% eram benignos e 1.075 (73,3% eram malignos, estabelecendo-se uma relação benigno: maligno de 1:2,75. Das 1.125 necropsias de cães realizadas em 2000-2008, 132 (11,6% protocolos tinham descrições de tumor de mama, perfazendo 152 diagnósticos morfológicos, dos quais 150 eram neoplásicos e dois eram não-neoplásicos. Carcinoma simples foi o tipo histológico mais prevalente tanto em biópsias como em necropsias. Nas necropsias, foram observadas metástases para linfonodos em 39 casos (29,5% e para órgãos distantes em 64 casos (53,3%.Mammary gland tumors are common in dogs and are the most common type of neoplasm of female dogs. The main purposes of this study were to establish the prevalence of the mammary gland tumors, as well as of its different histologic types (neoplastic and non-neoplastic, diagnosed in the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. There were 1,304 biopsy reports of mammary gland tumors during 1990-2008 and 132 necropsy reports of dogs with mammary tumors in 2000-2008. Data about breed, gender, and

Avaliação dos valores sérico e pleural dos marcadores tumorais CEA, CYFRA21-1 e CA 15-3 em portadores de derrame pleural Evaluation of serum and pleural levels of the tumor markers CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA 15-3 in patients with pleural effusion

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Isabella Coimbra Wagner

2007-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Dosar os marcadores tumorais antígeno carcinoembrionário (CEA, fragmento da citoqueratina 19 (CYFRA21-1 e antígeno glicosídico associado a tumor 15-3 (CA 15-3 em sangue e líquido pleural de portadores de derrames pleurais benignos e malignos, avaliando a sensibilidade de cada um deles nesses fluidos. MÉTODOS: Avaliamos prospectivamente 85 pacientes com derrame pleural. O estudo do líquido pleural obedeceu a critérios determinados pela literatura. A dosagem dos marcadores foi realizada por eletroquimioluminescência. A sensibilidade foi determinada sob a condição de que a especificidade fosse > 90%. RESULTADOS: Foram diagnosticados 36 casos malignos (42,4%, 30 benignos (35,3%; em 19 pacientes (22,3%, o diagnóstico foi inconclusivo. Nos casos malignos, os valores de CEA e CYFRA21-1 foram maiores no líquido pleural do que no sangue, fato não observado para o CA 15-3. Nos casos benignos, os valores do CYFRA21-1 foram maiores no líquido pleural do que no soro, enquanto que para o CEA e o CA 15-3, ocorreu o oposto. Todos os marcadores apresentaram diferença significativa entre os casos malignos e benignos, em líquido pleural e soro. Foi encontrada sensibilidade para CEA, CYFRA21-1 e CA 15-3 no líquido pleural de 69,4%, 69,4% e 66,7%, respectivamente e quando associados, foi 80,6%. No soro, a sensibilidade foi 57,1, 71,4 e 48,6% para CEA, CYFRA21-1 e CA 15-3, respectivamente, e quando associados, foi 77%. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que a utilização desses marcadores pode ser útil na diferenciação entre derrames pleurais malignos e benignos.OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1 and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3 in the blood and pleural fluid of patients with benign or malignant pleural effusion, evaluating the sensitivity of each marker in these fluids. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 85 patients with pleural effusion. The

Crioterapia en pequeños tumores malignos palpebrales Cryotherapy in small malignant eyelids tumors

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Clara Gómez Cabrera

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Para determinar la efectividad de la crioterapia como tratamiento del cáncer de los párpados, se realizó un análisis descriptivo de tipo retrospectivo de 10 pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de carcinoma palpebral cuyo máximo tamaño de la lesión fue de 5 mm y que no fuese pigmentado. El 60 % de los pacientes se encontraba entre los 31 y los 60 años de edad y el 80 % pertenece al sexo femenino. El párpado superior estuvo afectado en un 80 % y el 90 % de las lesiones fueron por clínica diagnosticadas como carcinoma basocelular.y respondieron al tratamiento. La crioterapia es un tratamiento efectivo y curativo en pequeños tumores palpebrales.To determine the effectiveness of cryotherapy to treat eyelids cancer, a descriptive retrospective analysis was made in 10 patients with clinical diagnosis of non-pigmented eyelids carcinoma with a maximun size of 5 mm. 60 % of the patients were between 31 and 60 years old, whereas 80 % were females. The upper eyelid was affected in 80 % and 90 % of the lesions were clinically diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma and responded to treatment. Cryotherapy is an effective and curative treatment in small eyelids tumors.

Radiation-induced nitric oxide mitigates tumor hypoxia and radioresistance in a murine SCCVII tumor model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagane, Masaki; Yasui, Hironobu; Yamamori, Tohru; Zhao, Songji; Kuge, Yuji; Tamaki, Nagara; Kameya, Hiromi; Nakamura, Hideo; Fujii, Hirotada; Inanami, Osamu

2013-01-01

Highlights: •IR-induced NO increased tissue perfusion and pO 2 . •IR increased NO production in tumors without changes in the mRNA and protein levels of NOS isoforms. •NOS activity assay showed that IR upregulated eNOS activity in tumors. •IR-induced NO decreased tumor hypoxia and altered tumor radiosensitivity. -- Abstract: Tumor hypoxia, which occurs mainly as a result of inadequate tissue perfusion in solid tumors, is a well-known challenge for successful radiotherapy. Recent evidence suggests that ionizing radiation (IR) upregulates nitric oxide (NO) production and that IR-induced NO has the potential to increase intratumoral circulation. However, the kinetics of NO production and the responsible isoforms for NO synthase in tumors exposed to IR remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which IR stimulates NO production in tumors and the effect of IR-induced NO on tumor radiosensitivity. Hoechst33342 perfusion assay and electron spin resonance oxymetry showed that IR increased tissue perfusion and pO 2 in tumor tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis using two different hypoxic probes showed that IR decreased hypoxic regions in tumors; treatment with a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, L-NAME, abrogated the effects of IR. Moreover, IR increased endothelial NOS (eNOS) activity without affecting its mRNA or protein expression levels in SCCVII-transplanted tumors. Tumor growth delay assay showed that L-NAME decreased the anti-tumor effect of fractionated radiation (10 Gy × 2). These results suggested that IR increased eNOS activity and subsequent tissue perfusion in tumors. Increases in intratumoral circulation simultaneously decreased tumor hypoxia. As a result, IR-induced NO increased tumor radiosensitivity. Our study provides a new insight into the NO-dependent mechanism for efficient fractionated radiotherapy

Estudo retrospectivo-sistemático da matriz extracelular de tumores mamários caninos

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Ana Maria Cristina Rabello Pinto da Fonseca Martins

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A finalidade do presente trabalho foi efetuar um estudo retrospectivo, de 1932 à 1999 , afim de se estabelecer a casuística desses tumores nos arquivos do Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - USP , bem como a freqüência de desmoplasia, metaplasia cartilaginosa e óssea em 578 desses tumores. Entre os 537 tumores malignos, 13.05% foram adenocarcinomas tubulares simples, 3.91% foram adenocarcinomas tubulares compostos, 7.26% adenocarcinomas papilíferos simples, 4.28% adenocarcinomas papilíferos compostos, 23.27% cistoadenocarcinomas papilíferos simples, 8.37% cistoadenocarcinomas papilíferos compostos, 16.38% adenocarcinomas sólidos simples, 6.70% adenocarcinomas sólidos compostos, 2.04% carcinomas de células espinhosas simples, 1.11% carcinomas de células espinhosas compostos, 2.79% carcinomas mucinosos ,8.19% carcinomas anaplásicos ,0.93% carcinomas escamosos, 1.30% fibrossarcomas,.0.18% condrossarcoma, 0.18% osteossarcoma e entre os 41 tumores benignos ,51.21% foram adenomas, 12.19% cistadenomas pailíferos,7.31% papilomas, 4.87% fibroadenomas e 24.39% foram fibroadenomas. Tanto a desmoplasia como a metaplasia foi um achado freqüente nas neoplasias benignas e malignas, mas foram mais freqüentes entre os adenocarcinomas tubulares compostos: 38% apresentaram desmoplasia, 57% metaplasia cartilaginosa e 28% metaplasia óssea. Entre as neoplasias benignas, adenoma apresentou a maior frequência: 14 % com desmoplasia, 29% com metaplasia cartilaginosa e 24% com metaplasia óssea. Os resultados deste estudo enfatizam a complexidade da inter-relação entre as macromoléculas da matriz extracelular e as células tumorais.

Tumores de cães e gatos diagnosticados no semiárido da Paraíba

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Rachel L.F.S. Andrade

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a frequência dos tumores diagnosticados em cães e gatos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Patos, Paraíba, Brasil, entre os anos de 2003 a 2010. Foram revisados todos os protocolos de necropsias e biópsias realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Animal da referida instituição, e computados os dados referentes aos animais afetados. Os tumores mais frequentes em cães ocorreram na pele e anexos (46,7%, seguido da glândula mamária (24%, sistema genital (10,3% e sistema digestório (6,5%. Os tumores malignos foram mais frequentes que os benignos (p=0,001, representando 78% e 22% respectivamente. Em gatos, as frequências de neoplasmas de pele e glândula mamária foram idênticas (39,4% cada, seguidas das do sistema digestório (8,5% e fígado (5,7%. Os tumores malignos representaram 95,8% dos tumores diagnosticados nesta espécie. Cães sem raça definida tiveram menor frequência (16% de tumores do que animais de diferentes raças (37,2% (p<0,0001. A ampla variedade de neoplasmas que acomete cães e gatos dificulta ao veterinário o diagnóstico clínico e o tratamento das mesmas, sendo recomendável o diagnóstico histológico sistemático de todas as lesões suspeitas de serem neoplasias. Além disso, são necessários estudos que determinem os fatores epidemiológicos envolvidos no desenvolvimento dos tumores que acometem os cães e gatos, nas diferentes regiões, a fim de serem tomadas medidas para diminuir sua ocorrência e letalidade.

Síndrome Neuroléptico Maligno. Presentación de un Caso.

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Luis Rafael González Díaz

2007-06-01

Full Text Available El Síndrome Neuroléptico Maligno es una entidad nosológica poco frecuentemente vista en la práctica clínica, nuestro paciente tuvo todos los elementos clínicos para plantear el diagnóstico, edad sexo, tratamiento con neuroléptico, fiebre mantenida resistente a antipiréticos, manifestaciones extrapiramidales, elevación de enzimas, insuficiencia renal como la complicación más frecuente, se descartaron la posibilidad de otros diagnósticos sobre todo causas sépticas y la respuesta al tratamiento empleado con Biperiden 4 Mg. cada 8 horas y Bromocriptina 25 Mg. por vía oral cada 12 horas fue favorable y se logró una posterior recuperación y egreso del paciente.

Odontogenic tumors: analysis of 127 cases Tumores odontogênicos: análise de 127 casos

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Jean Nunes SANTOS

2001-12-01

Full Text Available One hundred and twenty-seven cases of histologically confirmed odontogenic tumors were retrieved from a total of 5,289 oral and maxillary lesions diagnosed at the Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, during a period of 30 years (l970-l999. The most common histological diagnosis was odontoma (50.40%, followed by ameloblastoma (30.70%. The prevalence of odontogenic tumors was greater in females and the peak incidence occurred in the second and third decades of life. The main anatomical location was the mandible, and no malignant tumors were found.De uma série de 5.289 casos de lesões orais e dos maxilares diagnosticadas no Laboratório de Patologia Oral da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte no período de 30 anos (1970-1999, foram analisados 127 casos de tumores odontogênicos confirmados histologicamente. A lesão mais freqüente foi o odontoma (50,40% seguida pelo ameloblastoma (30,70%. A prevalência de tumores odontogênicos foi maior nas mulheres e o pico de incidência ocorreu na segunda e terceira décadas de vida. A localização anatômica mais comum foi a mandíbula e não foram encontrados casos de tumores malignos.

Indicação e tratamento dos tumores benignos do fígado Indication and treatment of benign hepatic tumors

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Júlio Cezar Uili Coelho

2011-12-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: Os tumores hepáticos benignos ocorrem em 9% da população. A grande maioria dessas neoplasias é diagnosticada em pacientes assintomáticos durante a realização de exames de imagem de rotina. OBJETIVO: Apresentar os principais aspectos das indicações e tratamento dos tumores hepáticos benignos. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada revisão de literatura baseada em pesquisa no PubMed, Bireme e Scielo cruzando os descritores neoplasia hepática, hemangioma, adenoma e hiperplasia nodular focal. Foram selecionados, estudos de técnicas cirúrgicas e acrescentada a experiência dos autores. O hemangioma é o tumor hepático mais comum, sendo identificado entre 5% e 7% das necropsias. É mais comum nas mulheres entre as 3ª e 5ª décadas da vida e pode aumentar de tamanho na gravidez e com a administração de estrogênios. Apesar de não estabelecida, a sua causa está relacionada com os hormônios sexuais. As complicações incluem inflamação, coagulopatia, sangramento e compressão de estruturas vizinhas. Rotura espontânea é excepcional, com somente 35 casos descritos na literatura internacional. O adenoma e a hiperplasia nodular focal predominam no sexo feminino e na faixa etária de 20 a 40 anos. Enquanto o primeiro requer ressecção hepática pelo risco de sangramento e malignização, o segundo deve ter conduta expectante. CONCLUSÕES: Os tumores hepáticos benignos mais comuns são em ordem decrescente de frequência o hemangioma, hiperplasia nodular focal e o adenoma. A diferenciação entre tumores benignos e malignos é geralmente realizada com segurança com base nos dados clínicos e nos exames de imagem. O hemangioma e a hiperplasia nodular focal geralmente tem conduta expectante, enquanto que o adenoma requer ressecção pelo risco de hemorragia e de transformação em carcinoma.BACKGROUND: Benign hepatic tumors occur in 9% of the population. The majority is diagnosed in asymptomatic patients during routine imaging exams

Pode a gestação influenciar a evolução de nódulo tireoidiano maligno?

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Lucy Kerr

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Os autores descrevem um nódulo tireoidiano com padrões ultrassonográfico e citopatológico benignos que diminuiu mais de 50% em três anos e se modificou durante a gestação, constatando-se que era carcinoma papilífero. Conclui-se que a gestação pode aumentar o risco de malignização ou acelerar o crescimento de nódulo tireoidiano maligno preexistente, corroborando dados da literatura.

Um Modelo para Investigação do Crescimento e da Morfologia de Tumores

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Knewitz, Marcos Andre

2002-01-01

Alterações na adesão celular estão envolvidas nas fases iniciais do processo que conduz um tumor de benigno a maligno. Uma das características desse processo é a alteração da morfologia do tumor, principalmente de sua interface com o tecido sadio. A adesão celular se dá através de moléculas específicas denominadas Moléculas de Adesão Celular (CAM’S). Essas moléculas também atuam na organização das células de um tecido ou de um agregado celular através de um mecanismo denominado de Adesão Dife...

Tumor de células esteroideas de ovario: Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

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Pedro Aguilar-Ramos

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El tumor de células esteroideas de ovario es una neoplasia poco frecuente que se origina del estroma o de los cordones sexuales y es potencialmente maligno. La mayoría de estos tumores producen hormonas esteroides siendo la testosterona la que se eleva frecuentemente. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 30 años que presentó signos de virilización asociado a masa pélvica, ascitis e incremento de la testosterona. Fue operada y sometida a estadiaje de ovario. El resultado del estudio anatomopatológico fue tumor de células esteroideas. Una revisión de los aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos de estos tumores, es presentada. (Rev Med Hered 2011;22:38-41.

Fatores Associados ao Material Insuficiente em Punção Aspirativa por Agulha Fina nos Nódulos Sólidos da Mama Factors Related to Insufficient Material in Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Solid Breast Tumors

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Ruffo de Freitas Júnior

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analisar alguns fatores que possam estar associados à ocorrência de material insuficiente nos aspirados da punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF. Pacientes e Métodos: foram estudadas 351 citologias de pacientes com nódulos sólidos da mama, submetidas a PAAF, como parte de sua investigação diagnóstica. As lâminas foram analisadas por um único citologista, que classificou os esfregaços como malignos, suspeitos, benignos ou material insuficiente para diagnóstico. Foram avaliados a idade da paciente, o tamanho do tumor, o estádio clínico, o Serviço, o dispositivo utilizado na punção e o tipo de lesão puncionada, de acordo com a histologia. A significância de cada variável em relação ao material insuficiente foi testada pelo c². Resultados: houve 67 esfregaços classificados como material insuficiente (19%. O tipo de dispositivo utilizado, o tamanho do tumor, o Serviço e o estádio clínico das lesões não se relacionaram à quantidade de material suficiente ou insuficiente. A idade da paciente e o tipo histológico influenciaram a taxa de material insuficiente, sendo que as pacientes abaixo de 50 anos tiveram uma taxa de 12%, comparada a 30% daquelas acima de 50 anos (pPurpose: to analyze the factors that may be related to insufficient material in fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC. Patients and Methods: a total of 351 FNAC of patients with solid breast tumors were studied in a random way: 180 (51% by Cameco's pistol holder and 171 (49% by the auto-vacuum device. All smears were analyzed by only one cytopathologist, and they were described as malignant, suspicious, benign or insufficient for diagnosis. The significance of each variable was tested by the c² test. Results: among the 351 cases analyzed, we found 67 (19% of insufficient material. The device used (pistol or auto-vacuum, the size of the tumor and the clinical stage of the lesions were not related to the frequency of sufficient and insufficient

Mielopatia necrotizante e neoplasias: registro clinico-patologico de dois casos

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Marcos R. G. de Freitas

1983-06-01

Full Text Available São relatados dois casos de mielopatia transversa subaguda associada a tumores malignos. O primeiro paciente apresentava neoplasia de células reticulares histiocitárias e o segundo, carcinoma renal. Os autores fazem revisão dos casos similares descritos na literatura. As alterações anátomo-patológicas medulares encontradas foram semelhantes às descritas nos relatos prévios, sendo que no primeiro caso havia também intenso infiltrado inflamatório perivascular e a presença de astrócitos bizarros. Tais alterações encontradas sugerem ser esta afecção de natureza viral.

Expression of leptin and iNOS in oral melanomas in dogs.

Science.gov (United States)

Greene, V R; Wilson, H; Pfent, C; Roethele, J; Carwile, J; Qin, Y; Grimm, E; Ellerhorst, J A

2013-01-01

Oral melanoma (OM) in dogs is an aggressive malignancy, with clinical behavior resembling cutaneous melanomas in humans. Melanoma in humans is promoted by an inflammatory environment that is contributed to by leptin and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). To determine if the patterns of leptin and iNOS expression are similar in OM in dogs and cutaneous melanomas in humans. Twenty client-owned dogs. Retrospective case study. Immunostaining of the OM tumors from each dog was scored for percentage and intensity of leptin and iNOS expression. Mitotic index was used as an indicator of tumor aggression. Leptin was detected in ≥75% of the tumor cells in specimens from 11 dogs. One tumor expressed leptin in ≤25% of the cells. The intensity of leptin expression was variable with 6, 9, and 5 cases exhibiting low-, moderate-, and high-intensity staining, respectively. OM with the lowest percentage of iNOS positive cells displayed the highest mitotic indices (P = .006, ANOVA). The expression of leptin is a common finding in melanomas in dogs. These data suggest that the possibility of future clinical applications, such as measuring the concentrations of plasma leptin as a screening tool or leptin as a target for therapy. The relevance of iNOS is not as clear in dogs with OM, for which other directed therapeutics might be more appropriate. Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

The NF-κB p65 and p50 homodimer cooperate with IRF8 to activate iNOS transcription

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simon, Priscilla S.; Sharman, Sarah K.; Lu, Chunwan; Yang, Dafeng; Paschall, Amy V.; Tulachan, Sidhartha S.; Liu, Kebin

2015-01-01

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) metabolizes L-arginine to produce nitric oxide (NO) which was originally identified in myeloid cells as a host defense mechanism against pathogens. Recent studies, however, have revealed that iNOS is often induced in tumor cells and myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Compelling experimental data have shown that iNOS promotes tumor development in certain cellular context and suppresses tumor development in other cellular conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying these contrasting functions of iNOS is unknown. Because iNOS is often induced by inflammatory signals, it is therefore likely that these contrasting functions of iNOS could be controlled by the inflammatory signaling pathways, which remains to be determined. iNOS is expressed in colon carcinoma and myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Colon carcinoma and myeloid cell lines were used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying iNOS expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay were used to determine the IFNγ-activated pSTAT1 and NF-κB association with the chromatin DNA of the nos2 promoter. We show here that iNOS is dramatically up-regulated in inflammed human colon tissues and in human colon carcinoma as compared to normal colon tissue. iNOS is expressed in either the colon carcinoma cells or immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. On the molecular level, the proinflammatory IFNγ and NF-κB signals induce iNOS expression in human colon cancer cells. We further demonstrate that NF-κB directly binds to the NOS2 promoter to regulate iNOS expression. Although neither the IFNγ signaling pathway nor the NF-κB signaling pathway alone is sufficient to induce iNOS expression in myeloid cells, IFNγ and NF-κB synergistically induce iNOS expression in myeloid cells. Furthermore, we determine that IFNγ up-regulates IRF8 expression to augment NF-κB induction of iNOS expression. More interestingly, we

Utilidad del cisplatino intrapericárdico en el tratamiento del derrame pericárdico maligno

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Marcelo Zylberman

2010-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMENIntroducciónEl derrame pericárdico maligno recidiva en hasta el 62% de los pacientes luego de unapericardiocentesis. Debido a ello, se ha intentado completar el tratamiento con la instilaciónintrapericárdica de drogas luego del drenaje de la cavidad. El cisplatino ha demostradoque es útil y seguro para ese propósito.ObjetivoPresentar la experiencia en nuestra institución del uso del cisplatino intrapericárdico en eltratamiento del derrame pericárdico maligno.Material y métodosSe incluyeron los pacientes ingresados en el Instituto Alexander Fleming entre enero de2005 y mayo de 2009 con diagnóstico de taponamiento cardíaco o de derrame pericárdicograve tratados con drenaje percutáneo e instilación de cisplatino intrapericárdico (10 mg en20 ml de solución fisiológica por 5 días. Se requirió: a confirmación citológica de malignidado b hallazgo ecocardiográfico de lesiones compatibles con invasión neoplásica del sacopericárdico y c poca expectativa de respuesta a un tratamiento sistémico.ResultadosSe incluyeron 9 pacientes (6 hombres y 3 mujeres, edad media 60 años (51-69. El tumorprimario fue pulmonar (n = 4, de mama (n = 1, de vejiga (n =1, de esófago (n = 1, deriñón (n = 1 y de próstata (n = 1. La citología fue positiva en 6 casos. El tiempo de permanenciadel catéter fue de 7 días. Hubo efectos adversos en tres casos: dolor, fiebre y fibrilaciónauricular. Un solo paciente tuvo recidiva del derrame al mes. Ocho pacientes fallecieron[tiempo medio a la muerte: 50 días (7-83] y uno vive.ConclusionesEl cisplatino intrapericárdico resulta factible de realizar, se tolera bien y se observa unporcentaje bajo de recidivas, lo cual cumple con el objetivo del tratamiento.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2010;78:114-117.

Primary bone neoplasms in dogs: 90 cases Neoplasmas ósseos primários em cães: 90 casos

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Maria E. Trost

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A retrospective study of necropsy and biopsy cases of 90 primary bone tumors (89 malignant and one benign in dogs received over a period of 22 years at the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, was performed. Osteosarcoma was the most prevalent bone tumor, accounting for 86.7% of all malignant primary bone neoplasms diagnosed. Most cases occurred in dogs of large and giant breeds with ages between 6 and 10-years-old. The neoplasms involved mainly the appendicular skeleton, and were 3.5 times more prevalent in the forelimbs than in the hindlimbs. Osteoblastic osteosarcoma was the predominant histological subtype. Epidemiological and pathological findings of osteosarcomas are reported and discussed.Através de um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de biópsias e necropsias de cães recebidos no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, num período de 22 anos, constatou-se a ocorrência de 90 casos de neoplasmas ósseos primários, sendo 89 malignos e um benigno. Dentre os 89 neoplasmas ósseos malignos, osteossarcoma foi o mais prevalente, correspondendo a 86,7% de todos o neoplasmas ósseos diagnosticados na espécie. A maioria dos casos ocorreu em cães de raças grandes e gigantes e entre seis e 10 anos de idade. Os neoplasmas envolvendo o esqueleto apendicular predominaram e foram 3,5 vezes mais prevalentes nos membros anteriores que nos posteriores. O subtipo histológico predominante foi o osteoblástico. Este estudo aborda os aspectos epidemiológicos e patológicos importantes para o diagnóstico de osteossarcomas.

Tumor de la vulva, vulvectomía radical Vulvar tumor, total vulvectomy

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Asbel Alfredo Vicente de la Cruz

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Los tumores de la vulva no son una rareza entre los cánceres que afectan a las féminas, pero tampoco son de los más frecuentes. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 59 años, que en el año 2000 se le diagnostica carcinoma epidermoide del clítoris, en 2004 se vuelve a intervenir por recidiva tumoral, y en 2009 acude a nuestra consulta nuevamente y es cuando se decide realizarle vulvectomía y resección de vagina y todo el sistema ginecológico. Concluyó la intervención con una talla vesical extraperitoneal. El tumor se extiende hasta la porción inicial de la vagina y uretra. Se trata de un tumor maligno, bien diferenciado, que se ha comportado en una forma no habitual, con recidivas locales, cuando en apariencia el tumor había sido resecado en toda su extensión, y en esta última oportunidad, a pesar de ser un estadio avanzado, no hemos encontrado metástasis ni multicentricidad del tumor. La evolución posoperatoria fue sin complicaciones y se dio de alta al quinto día.The vulvar tumors are not uncommon among the different types of cancer involving females, but neither are the more frequent ones. This is the case of a female aged 59 that in 2000 is diagnosed with epidermoid carcinoma of clitoris, in 2004 is re-operated on by tumor relapse, and in 2009 she came again to our consultation and a vulvectomy, vagina resection and all gynecological system are carried out. Intervention concluded with an extraperitoneal vesical cutting. The tumor extends up to the initial portion of vagina and urethra. It is a malignant and well-differentiated tumor behaved in non habitual way with local relapses, when apparently the tumor was resected in all its extent, and in this last change, despite and advanced stage, there were neither tumor metastases nor multi-centralization. The postoperative course was free of complications receiving the discharge at fifth day.

Tumores malignos del mediastino en niños: un problema clínico urgente

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Iliana De los Reyes

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Los tumores de mediastino conforman un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades. La localización de la masa se relaciona con las características clínicas y la aparición de complicaciones. Las masas malignas del mediastino anterior más frecuentes en niños son las neoplasias de precursores linfoides tipo leucemia/linfoma linfoblástico T, el linfoma de Hodgkin y los tumores germinales. El manejo de la urgencia oncológica producida por el efecto compresivo de la masa requiere una evaluación exhaustiva y una rápida intervención, que permita salvaguardar la vida del paciente sin sacrificar el tratamiento óptimo posterior. El síndrome de la vena cava superior, el taponamiento cardiaco y otros hacen parte de las urgencias mecánicas más frecuentes.Se presenta el caso de un niño de ocho años de edad con síntomas respiratorios y presencia de masa en el mediastino anterior, confirmada por citometría de flujo como linfoma linfoblástico, que requirió manejo con esteroides y quimioterapia para citorreducción y mejoría de las complicaciones.

Estudo histoquímico de proteínas fibrilares da matriz extracelular em neoplasias mamárias benignas e malignas na espécie canina

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Ana Maria Cristina Rabello Pinto da Fonseca Martins

2002-01-01

ão do colágeno tipo I.. O uso do método - Gordon & Sweats, permitiu a visualização do colágeno sob a forma de fibras finas, dispostas tanto nos estromas densos como nos frouxos, com densidade variada mas, principalmente , margeando os ácinos e túbulos. Quanto à presença do sistema elástico em tumores benignos e malignos, verificou-se que há predomínio dessas fibras nos malignos, principalmente na pseudocápsula e ao redor de ácinos e túbulos. Elementos do sistema elástico não foram observados em espécimes submetidos à coloração de Weigert sem oxidação. Neste mesmo material, com oxidação, as fibras oxitalâmicas foram mais evidentes principalmente ao redor de ácinos, túbulos e pseudocápsula. Elementos do sistema elástico na (MEC foram raros, tanto em amostras com e sem oxidação. Isto pode ser observado de maneira semelhante tanto em tumores benignos e malignos. Os resultados deste estudo enfatizam as profundas alterações estruturais dos componentes colagenosos e fibras do sistema elástico na matriz extracelular de neoplasias mamárias da espécie canina.

Tumores em animais de produção: aspectos comparativos Tumors in farm animals: comparative aspects

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Adriano Tony Ramos

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de realizar um estudo retrospectivo de tumores em animais de produção (bovinos, ovinos, eqüinos e suínos, foi realizada uma revisão nos casos suspeitos de neoplasmas recebidos pelo Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas num período de 24 anos (1978-2002. Os aspectos epidemiológicos dos neoplasmas nessas espécies foram relatados, e uma classificação concisa para padronizar a nomenclatura, seguindo padrões internacionais de classificação histológica de tumores, foi realizada. O estudo baseou-se em um universo de 6.267 materiais. Obtiveram-se 175 casos de tumores distribuídos entre as espécies bovina (98/4407, ovina (9/636, eqüina (65/774 e suína (3/450. Esses tumores foram então avaliados e reclassificados. Os dados referentes foram analisados quanto a sua prevalência por raça, sexo, idade e localização anatômica (origem do tumor. Os tumores com maior casuística foram os linfomas nos bovinos, os carcinomas de células escamosas nos bovinos e ovinos e os sarcóides nos eqüinos.Aiming at a complete study on all neoplastic lesions in farm animals (cattle, sheep, horses and swine, a retrospective review was performed covering a 24 years period (1978-2002 at the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Veterinary School in Pelotas, Southern Brazil. The analysis included the review of epidemiological data and the standardization of classification parameters considering current rules of international classification of tumors. Six thousand two hundred and sixty seven samples were analyzed. The distribution among the species was: 98 in cattle, 9 in sheep, 65 in horses and 3 in pigs, over 175 cases detected. Prevalence studies as for the breed, sex, age and anatomical distribution of the tumors were analyzed. Lymphoma in cattle, squamous cell carcinoma in cattle and sheep, and sarcoids in horses were the tumors with higher incidence.

Carcinoma de células escamosas em bovinos, ovinos e eqüinos: estudo de 50 casos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

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Adriano Tony Ramos

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE é um tumor maligno dos queratinócitos. O desenvolvimento desse tipo de tumor está associado a muitos fatores, incluindo a exposição prolongada à luz ultravioleta, falta de pigmento na epiderme, perda de pêlos ou cobertura de pêlos muito esparsa nos locais afetados. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de carcinoma de células escamosas em animais de produção (bovinos, ovinos e eqüinos de 1978 a 2002. O material foi obtido nos arquivos do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Os 50 tumores do tipo carcinoma de células escamosas estavam distribuídos nas diferentes espécies (bovina: 30; ovina: sete e eqüina: 13. Dados como raça, sexo, idade e localização corpórea, dentro de cada espécie, foram tabulados. Classificaram-se os tumores segundo seu grau de malignidade em bem diferenciados a pobremente diferenciados, através de avaliação histológica. A etiologia multifatorial dos cce em animais de produção requer mais estudos retrospectivos e prospectivos, para determinar o papel de cada fator na patogênese desse neoplasma.

Tumores hepáticos incomuns: ensaio iconográfico - Parte 1

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Bruno Cheregati Pedrassa

2014-10-01

Full Text Available A maioria dos tumores hepáticos primários malignos é representada pelo carcinoma hepatocelular e pelo colangiocarcinoma, entretanto, uma variedade de outras lesões hepáticas incomuns pode ser encontrada. Lesões comuns como o hemangioma, a hiperplasia nodular focal e as metástases são bem conhecidas e já foram extensamente documentadas na literatura. O diagnóstico das lesões hepáticas típicas pode ser feito com alguma segurança utilizando-se os diversos métodos de imagem; por outro lado, as lesões incomuns são geralmente um desafio diagnóstico para o radiologista. Nesta primeira parte do estudo abordaremos cinco tumores hepáticos incomuns - o angiossarcoma, o angiomiolipoma, o cistoadenoma/carcinoma biliar, o hemangioendotelioma epitelioide e o carcinoma hepatocelular fibrolamelar -, suas principais características e achados de imagem, com foco na tomografia computadorizada e na ressonância magnética.

Síndrome neuroléptico maligno Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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Ricardo J. Toro

1989-02-01

Full Text Available

El síndrome neuroléptico maligno (SNM es una complicación rara, idiosincrática y potencialmente fatal, relacionada con el uso de drogas que afectan el sistema dopaminérgico; su cuadro clínico consiste en síntomas extrapiramidales, signos de disfunción autonómica y trastornos en el estado de conciencia, asociados a leucocitosis ya cifras muy elevadas de creatina fosfoquinasa. Reportamos el caso de un hombre de 32 años que presentó un síndrome catatónico severo después del uso intrahospitalario de antipsicóticos potentes a altas dosis para el control de una depresión psicótica. Se discuten las características clínicas del paciente y los hallazgos comunes en el SNM.

The Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS Is a rare, idiosyncratic and potentially fatal complication of therapy with many drugs affecting the dopaminergic system; It Includes extrapyramidal symptoms, signs of autonomic dysfunction, disorders of consciousness, leucocytosis and an increase in serum creatine phosphokinase .We report the case of a 32 years old man, who developed a severe catatonic syndrome after receiving high doses of potent neuroleptics to control a psychotic depression. Clinical features of this case and common findings of NMS are discussed.

Irradiation promotes Akt-targeting therapeutic gene delivery to the tumor vasculature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sonveaux, Pierre; Frerart, Francoise; Bouzin, Caroline; Brouet, Agnes; Wever, Julie de; Jordan, Benedicte F.; Gallez, Bernard; Feron, Olivier

2007-01-01

Purpose: To determine whether radiation-induced increases in nitric oxide (NO) production can influence tumor blood flow and improve delivery of Akt-targeting therapeutic DNA lipocomplexes to the tumor. Methods and Materials: The contribution of NO to the endothelial response to radiation was identified using NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors and endothelial NOS (eNOS)-deficient mice. Reporter-encoding plasmids complexed with cationic lipids were used to document the tumor vascular specificity and the efficacy of in vivo lipofection after irradiation. A dominant-negative Akt gene construct was used to evaluate the facilitating effects of radiotherapy on the therapeutic transgene delivery. Results: The abundance of eNOS protein was increased in both irradiated tumor microvessels and endothelial cells, leading to a stimulation of NO release and an associated increase in tumor blood flow. Transgene expression was subsequently improved in the irradiated vs. nonirradiated tumor vasculature. This effect was not apparent in eNOS-deficient mice and could not be reproduced in irradiated cultured endothelial cells. Finally, we combined low-dose radiotherapy with a dominant-negative Akt gene construct and documented synergistic antitumor effects. Conclusions: This study offers a new rationale to combine radiotherapy with gene therapy, by directly exploiting the stimulatory effects of radiation on NO production by tumor endothelial cells. The preferential expression of the transgene in the tumor microvasculature underscores the potential of such an adjuvant strategy to limit the angiogenic response of irradiated tumors

Protagonismo del sistema inmune en el microambiente de los tumores malignos de la mama

OpenAIRE

Arango Prado, María del Carmen; Rodríguez-Padilla, Cristina

2016-01-01

Los avances recientes en la comprensión de los mecanismos génicos y moleculares del cáncer de mama han revelado que el sistema inmune protagoniza los eventos responsables del desarrollo y la progresión del tumor. Las células de la respuesta inmune innata y adaptativa, así como diversos mediadores solubles liberados por ellas, pueden establecer una respuesta antitumoral protectora o, por el contrario, inducir eventos de inflamación crónica que favorezcan la promoción y progresión de esta enfer...

Integrin inhibitor (Cilengitide) as radiosensitization strategy for malignant tumors; Inibidor de integrina (Cilengitida) como estratégia de radiossensibilização de tumores malignos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Felipe Henrique de Souza

2017-07-01

Radiotherapy is effective in tumor control, but several tumors have molecular characteristics that lead to radioresistance and possible posttreatment recurrence. Many tumors have overexpression of integrin receptors. Integrins play a central role in growth, motility, regulation of adhesion and survival, leading to increased proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors, making these receptors excellent targets for the development of new therapies. Studies have shown that inhibiting the interaction of matrix proteins with integrin receptors may increase the cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation by demonstrating the radiosensitizing potential of combination therapy in tumoral lines. Cilengitide an inhibitor of integrins receptors α Vβ3 and αVβ5 stands out for its great antitumor potential against gliomas. Thus, the combination of ionizing radiation with cilengitide is an alternative therapeutic strategy. However, the effect of this combination is little studied in Glioblastomas (U87 and T98) and not studied in melanoma (UACC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the radiosensitising potential of the RGD molecule cilengitida by means of the combined treatment with gamma radiation in different tumor lines, as well as to compare the effect of this combination therapy with cisplatin, a molecule already used in clinical practice. Our panel of tumor cell lines was composed of U87 (wild-type p53 malignant glioblastoma) T98 (malignant glioblastoma mutant p53), MCF7 (mammary carcinoma) and UACC (melanoma). The radiosensitizer effect of cilengitide was evaluated by the quantification of metabolic cell viability through the MTT assay. Inhibition of colony formation was investigated in clonogenicity assays. The flow cytometer was used to investigate cell cycle distribution and the type of cell death induced. We observed that in all cell lines examined, cilengitida promoted detachment, metabolic alterations and reduction of proliferation, as well as alteration of

Carcinoma tricofolicular con capacidad metastásica

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C.B. Pinilla-Martínez

2015-03-01

Full Text Available El carcinoma folicular es un tumor maligno derivado del folículo piloso. La mayor parte de los tumores foliculares son benignos, pero en los últimos años se han publicado casos aislados de tumores anexiales con características de malignidad y con una gran agresividad local siendo en principio tumores que se consideraban benignos. Creemos que este tumor está siendo infradiagnosticado, y como consecuencia, infratratado al ser confundido con otros tumores malignos originados en la piel, como el carcinoma basocelular y sobre todo con el carcinoma epidermoide, en parte por poca documentación y por la dificultad para su diagnóstico anatomopatológico. Presentamos un caso de carcinoma tricofolicular en cuero cabelludo en una mujer de 51 años de edad que rápidamente invade sistema nervioso central y que en solo 3 meses metastatiza a pulmón.

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF -308G>A, Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (NOS3 +894G>T Polymorphisms and Migraine Risk: A Meta-Analysis.

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Min Chen

Full Text Available Conflicting data have been reported on the association between tumor necrosis factor (TNF -308G>A and nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3 +894G>T polymorphisms and migraine. We performed a meta-analysis of case-control studies to evaluate whether the TNF -308G>A and NOS3 +894G>T polymorphisms confer genetic susceptibility to migraine.We performed an updated meta-analysis for TNF -308G>A and a meta-analysis for NOS3 +894G>T based on studies published up to July 2014. We calculated study specific odds ratios (OR and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI assuming allele contrast, dominant model, recessive model, and co-dominant model as pooled effect estimates.Eleven studies in 6682 migraineurs and 22591 controls for TNF -308G>A and six studies in 1055 migraineurs and 877 controls for NOS3 +894G>T were included in the analysis. Neither indicated overall associations between gene polymorphisms and migraine risk. Subgroup analyses suggested that the "A" allele of the TNF -308G>A variant increases the risk of migraine among non-Caucasians (dominant model: pooled OR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.15 - 2.87. The risk of migraine with aura (MA was increased among both Caucasians and non-Caucasians. Subgroup analyses suggested that the "T" allele of the NOS3 +894G>T variant increases the risk of migraine among non-Caucasians (co-dominant model: pooled OR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.14 - 3.88.Our findings appear to support the hypothesis that the TNF -308G>A polymorphism may act as a genetic susceptibility factor for migraine among non-Caucasians and that the NOS3 +894G>T polymorphism may modulate the risk of migraine among non-Caucasians.

Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma: A very uncommon malignant lung tumor

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H. El Ouazzani

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA is a very uncommon malignant tumor originating in the lung. This report describes the case of a 38-year-old woman with a WDFA treated by surgery. The malignancy is low grade and associated with a good prognosis, and so it is important for clinicians to be aware of and to identify this rare variant of adenocarcinoma. Resumo: O adenocarcinoma fetal bem diferenciado (WDFA, de acordo com a sigla em inglês é um tumor maligno no pulmão muito invulgar que tem origem no pulmão. Este relatório descreve o caso de uma mulher de 38 anos com WDFA tratada através de cirurgia. A malignidade é de baixo grau e está associada a um bom prognóstico e, por isso, é importante que os clínicos estejam atentos e identifiquem esta variante rara de adenocarcinoma. Keywords: Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma, Lung, Good prognosis, Palavras-chave: Adenocarcinoma fetal bem diferenciado, pulmão, bom prognóstico

Gliosarcoma: un tumor cerebral poco común (Gliosarcoma, a rare brain tumor

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Edison Vega

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Resumen (español El Gliosarcoma (GS es una neoplasia primaria agresiva y poco frecuente del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC, compuesta de elementos astrocíticos anaplásicos y mesenquimales claramente malignos. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por cefalea y convulsiones, que se presentan como parte de los síntomas iniciales en el 30% de los pacientes y cuyo porcentaje aumenta conforme avanza la enfermedad. Dentro de las manifestaciones secundarias, se describen cambios como alteración de la concentración y la personalidad; de manera particular las lesiones que afectan al lóbulo parietal se asocian a déficit motor o sensitivo. En cuanto al diagnóstico imagenológico por RMN, los gliomas malignos se observan bien circunscritos con edema focal y captan el contraste en la periferia con un centro hipointenso. Se reporta el caso de paciente Masculino de 45 años de edad, cuyos hallazgos clínico-imagenológicos concuerdan con los previamente descritos por lo que se plantea el diagnóstico de glioma parietooccipital derecho. Al realizar exeresis del tumor, se practicó estudio histopatológico, el cual fue reportado como un glioblastoma multiforme, y posterior al análisis inmunohistoquímico, se concluyó definitivamente como un gliosarcoma. La baja frecuencia de esta entidad patológica y la repercusión en la morbimortalidad de los pacientes que la padecen motivaron a la presentación de este caso. Abstract (english The Gliosarcoma (GS is an aggressive primary neoplasm and rare in central nervous system (CNS, composed of anaplastic astrocytic and mesenchymal elements clearly malignant. The clinical picture is characterized by headaches and seizures, presented as part of the initial symptoms in 30% of patients whose percentage increases as the disease progresses. Among the secondary manifestations, described changes as impaired concentration and personality of lesions particularly affecting the parietal lobe is associated with motor or sensory

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) –308G>A, Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (NOS3) +894G>T Polymorphisms and Migraine Risk: A Meta-Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Min; Tang, Wenjing; Hou, Lei; Liu, Ruozhuo; Dong, Zhao; Han, Xun; Zhang, Xiaofei; Wan, Dongjun; Yu, Shengyuan

2015-01-01

Background and Objective Conflicting data have been reported on the association between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) –308G>A and nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) +894G>T polymorphisms and migraine. We performed a meta-analysis of case-control studies to evaluate whether the TNF –308G>A and NOS3 +894G>T polymorphisms confer genetic susceptibility to migraine. Method We performed an updated meta-analysis for TNF –308G>A and a meta-analysis for NOS3 +894G>T based on studies published up to July 2014. We calculated study specific odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) assuming allele contrast, dominant model, recessive model, and co-dominant model as pooled effect estimates. Results Eleven studies in 6682 migraineurs and 22591 controls for TNF –308G>A and six studies in 1055 migraineurs and 877 controls for NOS3 +894G>T were included in the analysis. Neither indicated overall associations between gene polymorphisms and migraine risk. Subgroup analyses suggested that the “A” allele of the TNF –308G>A variant increases the risk of migraine among non-Caucasians (dominant model: pooled OR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.15 – 2.87). The risk of migraine with aura (MA) was increased among both Caucasians and non-Caucasians. Subgroup analyses suggested that the “T” allele of the NOS3 +894G>T variant increases the risk of migraine among non-Caucasians (co-dominant model: pooled OR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.14 – 3.88). Conclusions Our findings appear to support the hypothesis that the TNF –308G>A polymorphism may act as a genetic susceptibility factor for migraine among non-Caucasians and that the NOS3 +894G>T polymorphism may modulate the risk of migraine among non-Caucasians. PMID:26098763

Nevus sebáceo de Jadassohn: descripción de 261 casos y su asociación con otros tumores

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Paula Andrea Arango Pérez

2008-11-01

Full Text Available El nevus sebáceo de Jadassohn (NSJ es una lesión congénita benigna pero por decenios se la consideró con alto potencial de malignización hacia el carcinoma basocelular (CBC, por lo que se sugería su resección precoz. Series recientes han establecido que muchas de las neoplasias diagnosticadas como malignas eran benignas. Nuestra revisión de 261 casos constituye un aporte al conocimiento del NSJ. Hasta ahora no ha habido series similares en Colombia, y en América Latina las publicaciones no superan los 60 pacientes. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se analizaron 261 casos del archivo de histopatología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia con diagnóstico de NSJ entre 1976 y 2008, incluyendo biopsias y resecciones. RESULTADOS: de los 261 pacientes, 143 eran hombres (54,8% y 118 mujeres (45,2%; la edad promedio fue de 17,4 años; el NSJ estaba presente al nacimiento en el 90,4%. La localización más frecuente fue en el cuero cabelludo (62,5%. Presentaron tumores asociados 28 pacientes: siringocistadenoma papilífero (SCAP 8 casos (3,1%, tumor del infundíbulo folicular (TIF 5 casos (1,9%. Cuatro casos fueron de CBC (1,5% con edad promedio de 40,7 años. Cuatro de 7 tumores diagnosticados previamente como CBC, fueron reclasificados como TIF. DISCUSIÓN: el SCAP fue el tumor más frecuentemente asociado, tal como aparece reportado por otros autores. En esta serie se encontró el TIF con una mayor frecuencia que en la literatura revisada. El CBC fue el único tumor maligno y se presentó solo en adultos. Los resultados de esta serie evidencian un comportamiento benigno del NSJ, por lo que se debiera replantear la necesidad de resección precoz. La revisión histológica del diagnóstico inicial demuestra que lesiones benignas pueden ser confundidas fácilmente con CBC, sobreestimando el potencial maligno de este hamartoma.

Role of Axumin PET Scan in Germ Cell Tumor

Science.gov (United States)

2018-05-01

Testis Cancer; Germ Cell Tumor; Testicular Cancer; Germ Cell Tumor of Testis; Germ Cell Tumor, Testicular, Childhood; Testicular Neoplasms; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Testicular Yolk Sac Tumor; Testicular Choriocarcinoma; Testicular Diseases; Germ Cell Cancer Metastatic; Germ Cell Neoplasm of Retroperitoneum; Germ Cell Cancer, Nos

Radioiodinated (I{sup 131} and I{sup 125}) Fibrinogen for the Detection of Malignant Tumours in Man; Emploi de Fibrinogene Marque avec {sup 131}I ou {sup 125}I pour la Detection de Tumeurs Malignes chez l'Homme; Primenenie mechennogo radioaktivnym Jodom-131 i Jodom-125 fibrinogena dlya obnaruzheniya zlokachestvennykh opukholej u cheloveka; Empleo el Fibrinogeno Radioyodado ({sup 131}I y {sup 125}I) para la Deteccion de Tumores Malignos en el Hombre

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Monasterio, G.; Becchini, M. F.; Riccioni, N. [Centre of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Clinic, University of Pisa (Italy)

1964-10-15

fibrinogene marque avec {sup 1}'3{sup 1}I a donne des resultats corrects dans 79% des cas examines; aucun resultat faussement positif n'a ete enregistre sur toute la serie. Le memoire expose succinctement le procede et les resultats. D'apres les donnees obtenues, il semble que le fibrinogene marque avec {sup 131}l puisse etre utilise avec succes pour la detection precoce de tumeurs malignes chez l'homme; en ameliorant la technique de detection, il sera peut-etre possible d'augmenter sensiblement la valeur du diagnostic etabli par ce procede. (author) [Spanish] Se ha demostrado que en muchos tumores malignos, tanto en los inducidos en animales de laboratorio como en los formados espontaneamente en el hombre, hay un elevado contenido de fibrina-, se ha establecido una relacion entre este hecho y la gran cantidad de tromboplastina presente en el tumor, que seria lo que provoca la formacion de fibrina por polimerizacion del fibrinogeno. Teniendo esto en cuenta, los autores emplearon fibrinogeno humano marcado con {sup 131}I y {sup 125}l para detectar tumores malignos en el hombre. Estudiaron la absorcion del fibrinogeno radioyodado en tumores malignos y benignos y en lesiones no neoplasticas extensas. Han examinado hasta ahora 73 casos, constituidos 53 de ellos por tumores malignos localizados en el esqueleto, los pulmones, el cerebro, el tubo digestivo, etc. El ensayo de absorcion del fibrinogeno-{sup 131}I dio resultados correctos en el 79% de los casos; en toda la serie no se dio ningun resultado erroneamente positivo. Los autores discuten brevemente la tecnica y los resultados obtenidos. Los datos que ha sido posible reunir parecen indicar que el fibrinogeno-{sup 131}I puede utilizarse con exito para la deteccion temprana de formaciones malignas en el hombre; es probable que perfeccionando la tecnica de deteccion se logre aumentar notablemente el valor diagnostico del metodo. (author) [Russian] V bol'shom kolichestve zlokachestvennyh opuholej kak jeksperimental'nym putem, tak

Tumores sólidos en niños: diagnóstico y terapéutica quirúrgica

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G. Gloria González, Dra.

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Los tumores malignos en pediatría representan sólo el 2% de los casos de cáncer, sin embargo, las neoplasias son en la actualidad la segunda causa de muerte en niños mayores de 1 año de edad. Cada año se diagnostican aproximadamente 130 nuevos casos de cáncer por millón de niños. La leucemia es el más frecuente de los cánceres pediátricos, seguidos por tumores de cerebro, linfomas, neuroblastomas, sarcomas, tumores de Wilms y tumor de células germinales. La probabilidad de sobrevivir a una enfermedad maligna ha mejorado desde que en 1950 se reportaron las primeras remisiones en leucemia linfocítica aguda. Actualmente, debido al desarrollo de la quimioterapia, mejora en los métodos diagnósticos y el manejo multidisciplinario de los pacientes, el porcentaje de curación es cercano a un 75%. A pesar de estos avances, es aún necesario una mejoría de los resultados en el cáncer pediátrico, que depende del diagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad.

Donkey milk kefir induces apoptosis and suppresses proliferation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma by decreasing iNOS in mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Esener, Obb; Balkan, B M; Armutak, E I; Uvez, A; Yildiz, G; Hafizoglu, M; Yilmazer, N; Gurel-Gurevin, E

2018-04-12

Donkey milk and donkey milk kefir exhibit antiproliferative, antimutagenic and antibacterial effects. We investigated the effects of donkey milk and donkey milk kefir on oxidative stress, apoptosis and proliferation in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. Thirty-four adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, administered 0.5 ml water; group 2, administered 0.5 ml water + EAC cells; group 3, administered 0.5 ml donkey milk + EAC cells; group 4, administered 0.5 ml donkey milk kefir + EAC cells. We introduced 2.5 x 10 6 EAC cells into each animal by subcutaneous injection. Tap water, donkey milk and donkey milk kefir were administered by gavage for 10 days. Animals were sacrificed on day 11. After measuring the short and long diameters of the tumors, tissues were processed for histology. To determine oxidative stress, cell death and proliferation iNOS and eNOS, active caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were assessed using immunohistochemistry. A TUNEL assay also was used to detect apoptosis. Tumor volume decreased in the donkey milk kefir group compared to the control and donkey milk groups. Tumor volume increased in the donkey milk group compared to the control group. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen levels were higher in the donkey milk kefir group compared to the control and donkey milk groups. The number of apoptotic cells was less in the donkey milk group, compared to the control, whereas it was highest in the donkey milk kefir group. Donkey milk administration increased eNOS levels and decreased iNOS levels, compared to the control group. In the donkey milk kefir group, iNOS levels were significantly lower than those of the control and donkey milk groups, while eNOS levels were similar to the control group. Donkey milk kefir induced apoptosis, suppressed proliferation and decreased co-expression of iNOS and eNOS. Donkey milk promoted development of the tumors. Therefore, donkey milk kefir appears to

Carcinomas basocelulares: estudo clínico e anatomopatológico de 704 tumores Basal cell carcinomas: anatomopathological and clinical study of 704 tumors

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Aurilene Monteiro Bandeira

2003-02-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS: Este é um estudo retrospectivo e anatomopatológico de 704 carcinomas basocelulares de 623 pacientes, diagnosticados no período de 1991 a 1996, no setor de Dermatopatologia da Clínica Dermatológica do Hospital das Clínicas da UFPE e em um laboratório privado de dermatopatologia da cidade do Recife. OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos dos carcinomas basocelulares diagnosticados nos dois serviços da região de Pernambuco. MÉTODOS: Para o estudo clínico, os dados foram retirados dos prontuários e para o estudo anatomopatológico, macro e microscópicos, foram feitas revisão dos preparados histológicos. Para o crescimento vertical empregaram-se métodos baseados nas técnicas histoprognósticas de Clark e Breslow, aplicadas ao melanoma maligno. RESULTADOS: Clínicos: a maior incidência foi no sexo feminino (55,7%, faixa etária de 55 a 72 anos, tempo de evolução com variabilidade elevadíssima, desde um mês a 40 anos, e a cabeça foi a região topográfica mais freqüente (73,8%, principalmente nasal (21,1% e zigomática (18,5%. A forma nodular pigmentada (47,4% foi a mais encontrada e o tamanho das lesões independeu do tempo evolutivo. Histologicamente os padrões considerados baseados apenas nos arranjos parenquimais, foram os adenóide, compacto, fibroepitelial de Pinkus plexiforme, pseudocístico, reticulado, superficial e tricoepitelial, predominando o adenóide (28,3%. A média de crescimento foi em 2/3 da derme reticular (32,4%, e os tumores que mais se aprofundaram mostraram fibroplasia intensa. Houve concomitância de vários tipos celulares em um mesmo tumor e o pigmento melânico esteve mais presente nos tricoepitelioides. CONCLUSÃO: A fundamental importância da caracterização clínica e anatomopatológica dos carcinomas basocelulares destes serviços, sem diferenças muito significativas para os grupos e atenção para definições comportamentais e proposições ao relat

Association between tumor-stroma ratio and prognosis in solid tumor patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Jiayuan; Liang, Caixia; Chen, Manyu; Su, Wenmei

2016-10-18

Tumor-related stroma plays an active role in tumor invasion and metastasis. The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in the pathologic specimen has drawn increasing attention from the field of predicting tumor prognosis. However, the prognostic value of TSR in solid tumors necessitates further elucidation. We conducted a meta-analysis on 14 studies with 4238 patients through a comprehensive electronic search on databases updated on May 2016 to explore the relationship between TSR and prognosis of solid tumors. The overall hazard ratio showed that rich stroma in tumor tissue was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (14 studies, 4238 patients) and disease-free survival (DFS) (9 studies, 2235 patients) of patients with solid tumors. The effect of low TSR on poor OS was observed among various cancer types, but not in the early stage of cervical caner. A significant relationship between low TSR and poor OS was also observed in the subgroup analyses based on study region, blinding status, and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) score. Subgroup analyses indicated that cancer type, clinical stage, study region, blinding status, and NOS score did not affect the prognostic value of TSR for DFS. Moreover, low TSR was significantly correlated with the serious clinical stage, advanced depth of invasion, and positive lymph node metastasis. These findings indicate that a high proportion of stroma in cancer tissue is associated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients, and TSR may serve as an independent prognostic factor for solid tumors.

Sarcomas primarios de hueso: estudio por citometría estática mediante análisis digital de imagen

OpenAIRE

Hernández Cortés, P.; Aneiros Cachaza, J.; Ramírez Tortosa, C. L.; O'Valle Tarrasa, F.; Andújar Sánchez, M.

1997-01-01

Se presenta un estudio morfométrico y densitométrico mediante análisis digital de imagen de una serie de 50 tumores óseos malignos (32 osteosarcomas, 12 condrosarcomas y 6 histiocitomas fibrosos malignos de hueso), con el fin de evaluar la utilidad de la técnica para establecer el grado y el pronóstico de estas neoplasias. Las variables morfométricas y la disposición de la cromatina guardan una estrecha relación con el grado histológico (Spearman; p < 0,05) y muestran diferenci...

Tratamiento de Artritis reumatoide con antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y su asociación con el desarrollo de melanoma cutáneo: revisión sistemática de la literatura y meta-análisis.

OpenAIRE

Aldana Silva, Carolina; Chaparro Reyes, Laura Daniela

2015-01-01

Introducción: El tratamiento con antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (anti TNF) ha impactado el pronóstico y la calidad de vida de los pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) positivamente, sin embargo, se interroga un incremento en el riesgo de desarrollar melanoma. Objetivo: Conocer la asociación entre el uso de anti TNF y el desarrollo de melanoma maligno en pacientes con AR. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE LIBRARY y ...

Asiatic Acid Alleviates Hemodynamic and Metabolic Alterations via Restoring eNOS/iNOS Expression, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome Rats

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Poungrat Pakdeechote

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Asiatic acid is a triterpenoid isolated from Centella asiatica. The present study aimed to investigate whether asiatic acid could lessen the metabolic, cardiovascular complications in rats with metabolic syndrome (MS induced by a high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with HCHF diet with 15% fructose in drinking water for 12 weeks to induce MS. MS rats were treated with asiatic acid (10 or 20 mg/kg/day or vehicle for a further three weeks. MS rats had an impairment of oral glucose tolerance, increases in fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and hindlimb vascular resistance; these were related to the augmentation of vascular superoxide anion production, plasma malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α levels (p < 0.05. Plasma nitrate and nitrite (NOx were markedly high with upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS expression, but dowregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS expression (p < 0.05. Asiatic acid significantly improved insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, hemodynamic parameters, oxidative stress markers, plasma TNF-α, NOx, and recovered abnormality of eNOS/iNOS expressions in MS rats (p < 0.05. In conclusion, asiatic acid improved metabolic, hemodynamic abnormalities in MS rats that could be associated with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and recovering regulation of eNOS/iNOS expression.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in tumor biology: the two sides of the same coin

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lechner, Matthias; Lirk, Philipp; Rieder, Josef

2005-01-01

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of three key enzymes generating nitric oxide (NO) from the amino acid l-arginine. iNOS-derived NO plays an important role in numerous physiological (e.g. blood pressure regulation, wound repair and host defence mechanisms) and pathophysiological

Afecções cirúrgicas intracranianas na infância e adolescência. Análise de 103 casos. I: distribuição em relação à idade, sede e natureza

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Aloysio Mattos Pimenta

1954-09-01

Full Text Available Quanto à natureza (quadros 1 e 2 - 1 A classificação histológica traz em si fatores de êrro devido à existência, na mesma peça, de zonas de constituição celular diferente, e à diversa orientação seguida pelos patologistas. 2 Os gliomas constituem o grupo dominante, sendo que: a. o glioblastoma, tumor próprio da idade adulta, apareceu tanto em situação supratentorial como infratentorial ; b. o astrocitoma foi dominante no hemisfério cerebelar; c. o meduloblastoma apareceu como lesão de fossa posterior, nem sempre na linha média e excepcionalmente como lesão de hemisfério cerebral; d. o ependimoma só apareceu no 4º ventrículo, não aparecendo no hemisfério cerebral, como mostrou Tõnnis (temos um caso de neuroepitelioma de hemisfério cerebral que alguns patologistas classificam como ependimoma ; e. os papilomas foram os tumores intraventriculares. 3 Os meningeomas foram raros em nosso material. 4 0 neurinoma foi excepcional. 5 Nos tumores da região hipofisária, não tivemos casos de adenoma, mas apenas craniofaringeomas e gliomas do nervo óptico. 6 0 hemangioblastoma, de freqüência desusada em nosso material geral, requerendo mesmo revisão de estudo histológico, não foi dominante nas duas primeiras décadas da vida. 7 Dos tumores malignos de início clínico no sistema nervoso dominou o reticulossarcoma. 8 Das afec-ções cirúrgicas não tumorais apareceram de preferência os hematomas, os abscessos e a cisticercose (em relação à cisticercose devemos dizer que foram relacionados apenas os casos verificados cirùrgicamente. Os tuberculomas foram raríssimos. O aneurisma arteriovenoso, lesão que começa com sintomas no início da 2ª década, é diagnosticado geralmente mais tarde. Em nosso material alguns casos apareceram após a análise deste grupo. Quanto à sede (quadro 3 - 1 Em conjunto, não houve dominância nítida das lesões infratentoriais sobre as supratentoriais, como é clássico na literatura m

Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de los tumores malignos del párpado inferior Results of the surgical treatment of malignant tumors of the lower eyelid

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Roberto Frías Banqueris

2008-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Es objetivo de este trabajo describir el tratamiento quirúrgico de las lesiones malignas localizadas en el párpado inferior, de extensión mayor del 25 % y propagación a los cantos mediales y externo. MÉTODOS. Un equipo multidisciplinario del Hospital «Celia Sánchez Manduley» (Manzanillo realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo entre enero de 2001 y diciembre de 2006. Se seleccionaron para el estudio 19 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, que fueron valorados previamente por el equipo multidisciplinario, y que dieron su consentimiento informado de participar en la investigación. Se describieron variables como edad, sexo, técnica quirúrgica empleada, localización, resultado anatomopatológico, complicaciones y resultado final. A los pacientes se les daría seguimiento durante un mínimo de 5 años. RESULTADOS. Se encontró un ligero predominio del sexo masculino y de edades por encima de los 50 años. La resección del tumor en cuña, seguida de la reconstrucción por técnica de colgajo de mejilla de Mustardé, fue la técnica de elección. El 79 % de los tumores resultó ser del tipo carcinoma basocelular. La necrosis parcial del colgajo y el hematoma fueron las complicaciones más frecuentes. Los pacientes se han mantenido en consulta de seguimiento, sin recidiva ni persistencia tumoral. CONCLUSIONES. El tratamiento quirúrgico por técnica de Mustardé combinada con otras técnicas y realizado por un equipo multidisciplinario es ideal para la cirugía del cáncer del párpado inferior.INTRODUCTION. The objective of this paper is to describe the surgical treatment of the malignant lesions localized in the lower eyelid with an extension over 25 % and propagation to the medial and external edges. METHODS. A multidisciplinary team of «Celia Sánchez Manduley» Hospital (Manzanillo conducted a descriptive and prospective study from January 2001 to December 2006. 19 patients that fulfilled the

Activated Macrophages as a Novel Determinant of Tumor Cell Radioresponse: The Role of Nitric Oxide-Mediated Inhibition of Cellular Respiration and Oxygen Sparing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Heng; De Ridder, Mark; Verovski, Valeri N.; Sonveaux, Pierre; Jordan, Benedicte F.; Law, Kalun; Monsaert, Christinne; Van den Berge, Dirk L.; Verellen, Dirk; Feron, Olivier; Gallez, Bernard; Storme, Guy A.

2010-01-01

Purpose: Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), is known to inhibit metabolic oxygen consumption because of interference with mitochondrial respiratory activity. This study examined whether activation of iNOS (a) directly in tumor cells or (b) in bystander macrophages may improve radioresponse through sparing of oxygen. Methods and Materials: EMT-6 tumor cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-γ, and examined for iNOS expression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and enzymatic activity. Tumor cells alone, or combined with macrophages were subjected to metabolic hypoxia and analyzed for radiosensitivity by clonogenic assay, and for oxygen consumption by electron paramagnetic resonance and a Clark-type electrode. Results: Both tumor cells and macrophages displayed a coherent picture of iNOS induction at transcriptional/translational levels and NO/nitrite production, whereas macrophages showed also co-induction of the inducible heme oxygenase-1, which is associated with carbon monoxide (CO) and bilirubin production. Activation of iNOS in tumor cells resulted in a profound oxygen sparing and a 2.3-fold radiosensitization. Bystander NO-producing, but not CO-producing, macrophages were able to block oxygen consumption by 1.9-fold and to radiosensitize tumor cells by 2.2-fold. Both effects could be neutralized by aminoguanidine, a metabolic iNOS inhibitor. An improved radioresponse was clearly observed at macrophages to tumor cells ratios ranging between 1:16 to 1:1. Conclusions: Our study is the first, as far as we are aware, to provide evidence that iNOS may induce radiosensitization through oxygen sparing, and illuminates NO-producing macrophages as a novel determinant of tumor cell radioresponse within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.

Insulinoma canino: relato de caso

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L. Padovani

Full Text Available RESUMO O insulinoma é um tumor das células β do pâncreas, que têm a função de produzir e secretar insulina e, geralmente são malignos em cães. O presente trabalho descreve o diagnóstico e o manejo terapêutico de três casos de insulinoma. Os sinais clínicos dos animais relatados variaram de acordo com a severidade e a duração da hipoglicemia. O diagnóstico presuntivo se deu através dos sinais clínicos e da dosagem de insulina sérica no momento de mais intensa hipoglicemia e, o diagnóstico definitivo foi obtido por meio de exame histopatológico nos três casos relatados. O tratamento realizado variou de acordo com a intensidade dos sinais clínicos.

MGE-derived nNOS+ interneurons promote fear acquisition in nNOS-/- mice.

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Zhang, Lin; Yuan, Hong-Jin; Cao, Bo; Kong, Cheng-Cheng; Yuan, Fang; Li, Jun; Ni, Huan-Yu; Wu, Hai-Yin; Chang, Lei; Liu, Yan; Luo, Chun-Xia

2017-12-02

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) 1 , mainly responsible for NO release in central nervous system (CNS) 2 , plays a significant role in multiple physiological functions. However, the function of nNOS + interneurons in fear learning has not been much explored. Here we focused on the medial ganglionic eminences (MGE) 3 -derived nNOS + interneurons in fear learning. To determine the origin of nNOS + interneurons, we cultured neurons in vitro from MGE, cortex, lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) 4 , caudal ganglionic eminences (CGE) 5 and preoptic area (POA) 6 . The results showed that MGE contained the most abundant precursors of nNOS + interneurons. Moreover, donor cells from E12.5 embryos demonstrated the highest positive rate of nNOS + interneurons compared with other embryonic periods (E11.5, E12, E13, E13.5 and E14). Additionally, these cells from E12.5 embryos showed long axonal and abundant dendritic arbors after 10 days culture, indicating the capability to disperse and integrate in host neural circuits after transplantation. To investigate the role of MGE-derived nNOS + interneurons in fear learning, donor MGE cells were transplanted into dentate gyrus (DG) 7 of nNOS knock-out (nNOS -/- ) or wild-type mice. Results showed that the transplantation of MGE cells promoted the acquisition of nNOS -/- but not the wild-type mice, suggesting the importance of nNOS + neurons in fear acquisition. Moreover, we transplanted MGE cells from nNOS -/- mice or wild-type mice into DG of the nNOS -/- mice and found that only MGE cells from wild-type mice but not the nNOS -/- mice rescued the deficit in acquisition of the nNOS -/- mice, further confirming the positive role of nNOS + neurons in fear learning. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Crataegus Special Extract WS 1442 Effects on eNOS and microRNA 155.

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Wang, Xinwen; Liang, Yan; Shi, Jian; Zhu, Hao-Jie; Bleske, Barry E

2018-04-16

Increased expression of microRNA 155 (miR-155) results in a decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and impaired endothelial function. Factors that have been shown to increase expression of miR-155 may be mitigated by WS 1442, an extract of hawthorn leaves and flowers ( Crataegus special extract) that contains a range of pharmacologically active substances including oligomeric proanthocyanidins and flavonoids. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of WS 1442 on the expression of miR-155 and eNOS in the presence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF- α ). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were studied after the exposure to TNF- α , with or without simvastatin (positive control) and WS 1442. The expression levels of eNOS, phosphorylated eNOS, and miR-155 in the different HUVEC treatment groups were determined by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. To evaluate the effect of WS 1442 on the eNOS activity, the medium and intracellular nitrate/nitrite (NO) concentrations were also analyzed using a colorimetric Griess assay kit. The results demonstrated that TNF- α upregulated miR-155 expression and decreased eNOS expression and NO concentrations. WS 1442 also increased miR-155 expression and decreased eNOS expression but, unlike TNF- α , increased phosphorylated eNOS expression and NO concentrations. Surprisingly, WS 1442 increased miR-155 expression; however, WS 1442 mitigated the overall negative effect of miR-155 on decreasing eNOS expression by increasing expression of phosphorylated eNOS and resulting in an increase in NO concentrations. In the setting where miR-155 may be expressed, WS 1442 may offer vascular protection by increasing the expression of phosphorylated eNOS. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

A expressão de genes reparadores do DNA nos tumores sincrônicos de câncer colorretal esporádico DNA repair gene expression in synchronic tumors of sporadic colorectal cancer

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Igor Proscurshim

2007-03-01

Full Text Available RACIONAL: Um dos mecanismos genéticos presentes em aproximadamente 80% dos pacientes com síndrome hereditária não-polipóide do câncer colorretal (HNPCC são os defeitos nos genes reparadores de DNA, como o MSH2, MSH6 e MLH1, onde os tumores sincrônicos são relativamente freqüentes. Já no câncer colorretal esporádico as lesões sincrônicas são raras. OBJETIVO: Verificar se o mesmo mecanismo genético presente no HNPCC está presente no câncer colorretal esporádico que apresentam com lesões sincrônicas. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo todos os pacientes com câncer colorretal sincrônico não HNPCC. Imunoistoquímica com anticorpos para MSH2,MSH6, e MLH1 foi realizada para cada tumor. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes apresentaram expressão normal de MSH2 e MLH1. O único gene com imunoexpressão alterada foi o MSH6. CONCLUSÃO: Possivelmente outro mecanismo genético seja responsável pelo surgimento de dois tumores sincrônicos no câncer colorretal esporádico.BACKGROUND: Mismatch repair genes (such as MSH2, MLH1 and MSH6 mutations are present in over 80% of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC tumors, which frequently exhibit synchronous lesions. Sporadic colorectal cancer is rarely associated with synchronous lesions. AIM: To investigate the role of mismatch repair gene mutation in synchronous sporadic colorectal cancer. METHODS: Patients with sporadic synchronous colorectal adenocarcinomas were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry was performed using MSH2, MLH1 and MSH6 antibodies. RESULTS: All patients had two synchoronous lesions. None of them had altered MSH2 or MLH1 expression. One patient had altered MSH6 expression in both tumors. CONCLUSION: Possibly, other molecular mechanisms are involved in carcinogenesis of sporadic synchronous colorectal cancer.

Tumores de glándulas salivales: Su comportamiento en 10 años de trabajo (1993-2002

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Oscar García-Roco Pérez

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 107 pacientes que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente debido a afecciones en glándulas salivales, durante un período de 10 años, en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Provincial Docente "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey, con el propósito de describir su frecuencia según edad y sexo, comportamiento biológico, localización anatómica y resultado histopatológico. Hubo predominio de las condiciones neoplásicas benignas en la parótida, mientras que en la submandibular se manifestaron con mayor frecuencia los procesos malignos. El adenoma pleomorfo fue el tumor más frecuente entre las neoplasias benignas y el carcinoma mucoepidermoide, el más común entre las malignas.A descriptive study of 107 patients, who had been surgically treated from salivary gland tumors in the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" provincial teaching hospital located in Camagüey during 10 years, was performed to describe the sex and age distribution and frequency of these tumors, their biological behavior, anatomical location and histopathological outcome. It was observed that benign neoplasias predominated in the parotid glands whereas malignant processes developed more often in submandibular glands. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most found tumor among the benign neoplasias and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the commonest among the malignant processes.

Carcinoma de pulmón neuroendocrino de células grandes: presentación inusual

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Miguel Ángel Serra Valdés

2014-11-01

Full Text Available El cáncer pulmonar ocupa la primera causa de muerte entre los tumores malignos. Los tumores neuroendocrinos pulmonares abarcan un amplio espectro de tumores que incluyen al carcinoma neuroendocrino de células grandes. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 57 años, de color de piel blanca, ama de casa, fumadora, diabética, hipotiroidea e hipertensa que acudió a consulta con cefaleas, vómitos, pérdida de peso, síntomas neuropsiquiátricos y adenopatías metastásicas inguinales. Los síntomas respondieron a las metástasis extrapulmonares encontradas. Los estudios de imágenes, histológico y la inmunohistoquímica confirmaron el diagnóstico de carcinoma de células grandes con patrón neuroendocrino de pulmón. Este tipo de tumor maligno, muy agresivo, se diagnostica generalmente cuando ya existen múltiples metástasis, lo cual ensombrece su pronóstico a corto plazo. El objetivo de esta presentación es comunicar a la comunidad médica este caso por el insuficiente reporte encontrado en la literatura.

Canine mammary tumours: new insights into prognosis and molecular classification

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Quaresma, Adelina Maria Gaspar Gama

2008-01-01

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Veterinárias Na espécie canina, os tumores mamários espontâneos representam a segunda neoplasia mais comum, sendo apenas ultrapassados pelos tumores de pele. Considerando os indivíduos do sexo feminino, os tumores de mama constituem a neoplasia espontânea mais frequente, representando os tumores malignos cerca de 50% dos casos observados. Estes factos suscitam um interesse crescente na pesquisa de factores de prognóstico credíveis na área dos tumores mamári...

Symptomatic ovarian steroid cell tumor not otherwise specified in a post-menopausal woman

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Neha Sood

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Steroid cell tumor not otherwise specified (NOS is a rare subtype of sex cord stromal tumor of the ovary and contributes less than 0.1% of all ovarian neoplasms. The majority of tumors occur in pre-menopausal women (mean age: 43 years, in which 56-77% of patients present with virilization due to excess testosterone. An 80-year-old woman with worsening alopecia and excessive growth of coarse hair on abdomen and genital area was found to have elevated serum testosterone level (462 ng/mL. Radiologic studies were consistent with bilateral adrenal adenomas. Bilateral adrenal venous sampling ruled out the adrenal gland as origin of hormone secretion. A diagnostic and therapeutic bilateral salpingooophorectomy confirmed steroid cell tumor NOS of the left ovary. Post-operatively, the patient had complete resolution of her symptoms and normalization of testosterone level. Our case emphasizes the importance of a clinical suspicion for an occult testosterone secreting ovarian tumor in a symptomatic patient without obvious ovarian mass on imaging.

Prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la cardiotoxicidad inducida por quimioterapia: ¿qué estamos haciendo?

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Lázaro de la Cruz Avilés

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades del corazón y los tumores malignos constituyen las dos primeras causas de muerte en Cuba, con tasas de mortalidad de 197,5 y 193,6 por 100 000 habitantes, respectivamente, en el año 2011. En Cienfuegos los tumores malignos fueron la primera causa de muerte con una tasa de 115,2 seguida de las enfermedades del corazón con 102,6 por 100 000 habitantes. Las mejoras alcanzadas en la detección y el tratamiento del cáncer han dado origen a una nueva cohorte de pacientes que alcanzan una supervivencia suficiente para que puedan aparecer complicaciones cardíacas derivadas del tratamiento. Lamentablemente, el abundante conocimiento sobre las vías bioquímicas involucradas en el tratamiento dirigido del cáncer no se ha visto acompañado de un conocimiento paralelo de las consecuencias cardíacas de su modulación.

Melatonin enhances the anti-tumor effect of fisetin by inhibiting COX-2/iNOS and NF-κB/p300 signaling pathways.

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Canhui Yi

Full Text Available Melatonin is a hormone identified in plants and pineal glands of mammals and possesses diverse physiological functions. Fisetin is a bio-flavonoid widely found in plants and exerts antitumor activity in several types of human cancers. However, the combinational effect of melatonin and fisetin on antitumor activity, especially in melanoma treatment, remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that melatonin could enhance the antitumor activity of fisetin in melanoma cells and identified the underlying molecular mechanisms. The combinational treatment of melanoma cells with fisetin and melatonin significantly enhanced the inhibitions of cell viability, cell migration and clone formation, and the induction of apoptosis when compared with the treatment of fisetin alone. Moreover, such enhancement of antitumor effect by melatonin was found to be mediated through the modulation of the multiply signaling pathways in melanoma cells. The combinational treatment of fisetin with melatonin increased the cleavage of PARP proteins, triggered more release of cytochrome-c from the mitochondrial inter-membrane, enhanced the inhibition of COX-2 and iNOS expression, repressed the nuclear localization of p300 and NF-κB proteins, and abrogated the binding of NF-κB on COX-2 promoter. Thus, these results demonstrated that melatonin potentiated the anti-tumor effect of fisetin in melanoma cells by activating cytochrome-c-dependent apoptotic pathway and inhibiting COX-2/iNOS and NF-κB/p300 signaling pathways, and our study suggests the potential of such a combinational treatment of natural products in melanoma therapy.

Melatonin Enhances the Anti-Tumor Effect of Fisetin by Inhibiting COX-2/iNOS and NF-κB/p300 Signaling Pathways

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Yu, Zhenlong; Xiao, Yao; Wang, Jingshu; Qiu, Huijuan; Yu, Wendan; Tang, Ranran; Yuan, Yuhui; Guo, Wei; Deng, Wuguo

2014-01-01

Melatonin is a hormone identified in plants and pineal glands of mammals and possesses diverse physiological functions. Fisetin is a bio-flavonoid widely found in plants and exerts antitumor activity in several types of human cancers. However, the combinational effect of melatonin and fisetin on antitumor activity, especially in melanoma treatment, remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that melatonin could enhance the antitumor activity of fisetin in melanoma cells and identified the underlying molecular mechanisms. The combinational treatment of melanoma cells with fisetin and melatonin significantly enhanced the inhibitions of cell viability, cell migration and clone formation, and the induction of apoptosis when compared with the treatment of fisetin alone. Moreover, such enhancement of antitumor effect by melatonin was found to be mediated through the modulation of the multiply signaling pathways in melanoma cells. The combinational treatment of fisetin with melatonin increased the cleavage of PARP proteins, triggered more release of cytochrome-c from the mitochondrial inter-membrane, enhanced the inhibition of COX-2 and iNOS expression, repressed the nuclear localization of p300 and NF-κB proteins, and abrogated the binding of NF-κB on COX-2 promoter. Thus, these results demonstrated that melatonin potentiated the anti-tumor effect of fisetin in melanoma cells by activating cytochrome-c-dependent apoptotic pathway and inhibiting COX-2/iNOS and NF-κB/p300 signaling pathways, and our study suggests the potential of such a combinational treatment of natural products in melanoma therapy. PMID:25000190

Tumor glómico do pulmão: Apresentação de um caso pouco frequente Glomic tumor: Presentation of an infrequent case

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Vítor Sousa

2006-05-01

Full Text Available Os tumores glómicos são tumores perivasculares cujas células se assemelham a células musculares lisas modificadas do corpo glómico. São mais frequentes na região subungueal e raros no pulmão. Os autores apresentam um caso de uma doente de 62 anos, com toracalgia esquerda e dispneia para grandes esforços. Apresentava nódulo solitário localizado ao segmento basal-externo do LIE, com 1,9 cm de diâmetro, de limites bem definidos, consistência firme e superfície de secção nodular e branco-rosada. Os tumores glómicos são geralmente benignos. Podem ter origem em células glómicas ectópicas ou diferenciarem-se a partir de células não glómicas. Devem ser classificados em tumor glómico, glomangioma ou glomangiomioma de acordo com a abundância relativa de células glómicas, do componente vascular e muscular. Estão descritas metástases pulmonares de tumores glómicos malignos, sendo necessário excluir origem primária extra-pulmonar nesses casos. O diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores glómicos do pulmão inclui o carcinóide, hemangiopericitoma, tumores musculares lisos (leiomioma epitelióide e o paraganglioma.Glomic tumours are perivascular tumours whose cells resemble modified smooth muscular cells of the glomic body. They are more frequent in the subungueal region and rare in the lung. The authors present a case of a 62 year old women with left thoracic pain and great enforces dyspnoea. She presented a solitary nodule in the external basal segment of the LLL, 1.9 cm diameter, circumscribed, firm and with nodular whitish rose cut surface. Glomic tumours are generally benign. They may origin in ectopic glomic cells or be differentiated from non glomic cells. They should be classified as glomic tumor, glomangioma and glomangiomioma according to the relative abundance of glomic cells and of the vascular and muscular components. Pulmonary metastasis of malignant glomic tumours have been described. In these cases an extra

Substance P ameliorates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced endothelial cell dysfunction by regulating eNOS expression in vitro.

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Piao, Jiyuan; Hong, Hyun Sook; Son, Youngsook

2018-04-01

The aim of this study was to explore the beneficial effects of SP on NO production and inflammation-induced vascular endothelium cell death. To mimic the inflammatory environment, TNF-α was treated with HUVECs, and SP was added prior to TNF-α to determine its protective effect. WST-1 assay was performed to detect cell viability. NO level in conditioned medium was measured by Griess Reagent System. The protein level of cleaved caspase-3, eNOS, and phosphorylated Akt was detected by Western blot analysis. TNF-α declined endothelial cell viability by downregulating Akt and NO production. TNF-α-induced cell death was reliably restored by NO, confirming the requirement of NO for cell survival. By contrast, pretreatment of SP attenuated TNF-α-induced cellular apoptosis, accompanied by an increase in the phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS expression, and NO production. Blockage of NK-1R, phosphorylated Akt or eNOS by CP-96345, A6730, or L-NAME entirely eliminated the effect of SP. SP can protect the vascular endothelium against inflammation-induced damage through modulation of the Akt/eNOS/NO signaling pathway. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Low shear stress induces vascular eNOS uncoupling via autophagy-mediated eNOS phosphorylation.

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Zhang, Jun-Xia; Qu, Xin-Liang; Chu, Peng; Xie, Du-Jiang; Zhu, Lin-Lin; Chao, Yue-Lin; Li, Li; Zhang, Jun-Jie; Chen, Shao-Liang

2018-05-01

Uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces O 2 - instead of nitric oxide (NO). Earlier, we reported rapamycin, an autophagy inducer and inhibitor of cellular proliferation, attenuated low shear stress (SS) induced O 2 - production. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether autophagy plays a critical role in the regulation of eNOS uncoupling. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the modulation of autophagy on eNOS uncoupling induced by low SS exposure. We found that low SS induced endothelial O 2 - burst, which was accompanied by reduced NO release. Furthermore, inhibition of eNOS by L-NAME conspicuously attenuated low SS-induced O 2 - releasing, indicating eNOS uncoupling. Autophagy markers such as LC3 II/I ratio, amount of Beclin1, as well as ULK1/Atg1 were increased during low SS exposure, whereas autophagic degradation of p62/SQSTM1 was markedly reduced, implying impaired autophagic flux. Interestingly, low SS-induced NO reduction could be reversed by rapamycin, WYE-354 or ATG5 overexpression vector via restoration of autophagic flux, but not by N-acetylcysteine or apocynin. eNOS uncoupling might be ascribed to autophagic flux blockade because phosphorylation of eNOS Thr495 by low SS or PMA stimulation was also regulated by autophagy. In contrast, eNOS acetylation was not found to be regulated by low SS and autophagy. Notably, although low SS had no influence on eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation, whereas boosted eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation by rapamycin were in favor of the eNOS recoupling through restoration of autophagic flux. Taken together, we reported a novel mechanism for regulation of eNOS uncoupling by low SS via autophagy-mediated eNOS phosphorylation, which is implicated in geometrical nature of atherogenesis. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

CXCL14 and NOS1 expression in specimens from patients with stage I-IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer after curative resection.

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Ji, Xiaoqin; Shen, Zetian; Zhao, Benxin; Yuan, Xi; Zhu, Xixu

2018-03-01

Many studies show that CXC chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14) is highly expressed in tumor-associated stromal cells, promoting tumor cell growth, and invasion. Because of its unclear receptors, CXCL14-initiated intracellular signal cascades remain largely unknown. However, CXCL14 can regulate nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) as its intracellular molecular target. In this paper, we investigated the expression of CXCL14 and NOS1 in specimens from patients with stage I-IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after curative resection, and evaluated the prognostic significance of this gene expression in stromal fibroblasts and cancer cells.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CXCL14 and NOS1 in 106 formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC. The chi-square test was performed to examine the correlation of CXCL14 and NOS1 expression level with clinicopathological features. The effects of the expression of CXCL14 or NOS1 on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined by Kaplan-Meier and Cox hazard proportional model.The percentages of high CXCL14 expression in stromal fibroblasts and that in cancer cells were 46.2% (49/106) and 23.6% (25/106), respectively. The positive expression rates of NOS1 in cancer cells were 42.5% (45/106). The result indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between CXCL14 expression level in stromal fibroblasts and that in cancer cells (χ = 4.158, P = .041). In addition, the expression of CXCL14 in stromal fibroblasts was significantly correlated with NOS1 expression in cancer cells (χ = 16.156, P cancer cells were 62.3% and 15.6% (χ = 33.756, P cancer cells are independent negative predictors of PFS and OS in patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC after curative resection.

Detección precoz del cáncer de mama

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Uriarte Salterain, Andrea

2012-01-01

El cáncer de mama constituye un importante problema de salud en los países desarrollados por su elevada incidencia y mortalidad. El cáncer de mama es el tumor maligno más frecuente y una de las primeras causas de muerte por cáncer en las mujeres

HEALTHY AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF MYOMETRIUM: PREGNANT MYOMETRIUM, UTERINE FIBROIDS AND LEIOMYOSARCOMA. Cambios normales y patológicos del miometrio: miometrio del embarazo, fibrosis uterina y leiomiosarcoma

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Pasquapina Ciarmela; Soriful Islam; Pasquale Lamanna; Andrea Tranquilli; Mario Castellucci

2016-01-01

El miometrio, la pared muscular del útero, puede modificar su misma masa y las propiedades celulares en el embarazo y también en los tumores como el leiomioma y el leiomiosarcoma. El leiomioma, dicho también fibroma, es un tumor benigno del útero y se considera como  una de las causas más frecuentes de infertilità en el período reproductivo femenino. El leiomiosarcoma, en cambio, es un tumor maligno y agresivo de la musculatura lisa uterina. La presente revisión discute las características ge...

Carga de enfermedad en la comunidad autónoma de Cataluña utilizando años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (2005-2010

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Anna Cuadras Andreu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: La carga de enfermedad permite medir la salud de la población incluyendo mortalidad y morbididad. Los objetivos de este estudio son estimar la carga de enfermedad en Cataluña, comparar los resultados con España y con la comarca del Tarragonés, y evaluar la aportación de los registros locales en la estimación de la discapacidad. Métodos: Se calcularon los años de vida perdidos ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD para 123 causas utilizando la metodología descrita por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Las tasas estandarizadas se compararon con las españolas. En la comarca del Tarragonés, se calcularon losAVAD, se compararon con Cataluña, y para los tumores malignos se calcularon los AVAD utilizando el registro local de incidencia de cáncer. Resultados: Los AVAD en Cataluña fueron 801.140 de media anual. El 60,3% se atribuyó a discapacidad y el 39,7% a mortalidad prematura. Neuropsiquiátricas (30,9%, tumores malignos (15,8% y cardiovasculares (11,3% fueron las principales causas en AVAD. La tasa estandarizada de las enfermedades respiratorias (7,5 por 1.000 fue significativamente superior a la española. Causas perinatales (3,1 por 1.000, lesiones intencionadas (2,2 por 1.000 y enfermedades del aparato digestivo (4,9 por 1.000 fueron significativamente superiores en el Tarragonés. Los AVAD para los tumores malignos se incrementaron un 13,4% utilizando la incidencia de casos para su cálculo. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades no transmisibles aportan la mayor parte de AVAD en Cataluña. Existen diferencias entre territorios en enfermedades respiratorias, perinatales, digestivas y lesiones intencionadas. Los registros locales pueden ser muy útiles en el cálculo de los AVAD.

Controversies in presacral tumors management

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Nidal Issa

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Presacral tumors are rare lesions of the retrorectal space that can present diagnostic and therapeutic difficulty because of their anatomic location and the different tissue types and etiology. Although the diagnosis and management of these tumors has evolved in recent years, several points still to be addressed in order to improve perioperative diagnosis and treatment. In the upcoming we will try to highlight some controversial points; the pre-operative biopsies, neoadjuvant therapy, the necessity of surgery and the role of minimally invasive surgeries of presacral tumors. Resumo: Tumores pré-sacrais são lesões raras do espaço retrorretal que podem trazer dificuldades diagnósticas e terapêuticas por causa de sua localização anatômica e também pelos diferentes tipos de tecidos e etiologia. Embora nos últimos anos o diagnóstico e tratamento desses tumores tenham evoluído, diversos pontos ainda devem ser estudados com vistas à melhora do diagnóstico e tratamento no perioperatório. Mais adiante, tentaremos esclarecer alguns pontos controversos; biópsias pré-operatórias, terapia neoadjuvante, a necessidade de cirurgia e o papel das cirurgias minimamente invasivas para os tumores pré-sacrais. Keywords: Presacral tumor, Preoperative biopsy, Neoadjuvant therapy, Palavras-chave: Tumor pré-sacral, Biópsia pré-operatória, Terapia neoadjuvante

Tumor maligno indiferenciado disseminado. Diagnóstico ao exame oftalmológico: relato de um caso Metastatic undifferentiated malignant tumor: report of a case

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Henrique Shiguekiyo Kikuta

2001-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância da anamnese e do exame físico geral nas afecções orbitárias, como orientadores do diagnóstico e do tratamento adequados. Métodos: Anamnese, exame físico geral e oftalmológico e exames complementares: radiografia de tórax, ultra-sonografia abdominal e pélvica, tomografia computadorizada de órbita; e procedimentos de biópsia punção aspirativa de massa orbitária, biópsia excisional de nódulo esternal e respectivos exames de citologia, histologia e imuno-histoquímico. Resultados: A ultra-sonografia pélvica demonstrou a presença de grande massa em anexo, provavelmente o foco primário. A radiografia de tórax revelou massas provavelmente metastáticas. O resultado do exame histopatológico das biópsias de massa retrobulbar e nódulo esternal foi compatível com neoplasia maligna indiferenciada. Conclusões: Este relato ressalta a importância da anamnese e do exame físico geral nas afecções orbitarias, orientando o diagnóstico e o tratamento adequado, pois embora a paciente apresentasse múltiplas metástases, foram os sinais oftalmológicos que a conduziram ao médico.Purpose: To demonstrate the importance of clinical history and general physical examination in orbital affections as guides for correction of and early diagnosis allowing adequate treatment. Methods: Clinical history, ophthalmologic and general physical examination and complementary examinations: Chest X-ray, pelvic and abdominal ultrasonography, orbital computerized tomography; fine needle aspiration biopsy of tumor, orbitary procedures, excisional biopsy of sternal nodule and retrospective cytologic, histologic and imunohistochenical examinations. Results: Pelvic ultrasonography demonstrated the presence of a large tumor in anexus, probably the primary focus. In the chest X-ray there is evidence of metastatic mass. The histopathological findings of both retrobulbar mass and sternal nodule were compatible with

Nitric Oxide Synthase Enzymes in the Airways of Mice Exposed to Ovalbumin: NOS2 Expression Is NOS3 Dependent

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Jennifer M. Bratt

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Objectives and Design. The function of the airway nitric oxide synthase (NOS isoforms and the lung cell types responsible for its production are not fully understood. We hypothesized that NO homeostasis in the airway is important to control inflammation, which requires upregulation, of NOS2 protein expression by an NOS3-dependent mechanism. Materials or Subjects. Mice from a C57BL/6 wild-type, NOS1−/−, NOS2−/−, and NOS3−/− genotypes were used. All mice strains were systemically sensitized and exposed to filtered air or ovalbumin (OVA aerosol for two weeks to create a subchronic model of allergen-induced airway inflammation. Methods. We measured lung function, lung lavage inflammatory and airway epithelial goblet cell count, exhaled NO, nitrate and nitrite concentration, and airway NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 protein content. Results. Deletion of NOS1 or NOS3 increases NOS2 protein present in the airway epithelium and smooth muscle of air-exposed animals. Exposure to allergen significantly reduced the expression of NOS2 protein in the airway epithelium and smooth muscle of the NOS3−/− strain only. This reduction in NOS2 expression was not due to the replacement of epithelial cells with goblet cells as remaining epithelial cells did not express NOS2. NOS1−/− animals had significantly reduced goblet cell metaplasia compared to C57Bl/6 wt, NOS2−/−, and NOS3−/− allergen-exposed mice. Conclusion. The airway epithelial and smooth muscle cells maintain a stable airway NO concentration under noninflammatory conditions. This “homeostatic” mechanism is unable to distinguish between NOS derived from the different constitutive NOS isoforms. NOS3 is essential for the expression of NOS2 under inflammatory conditions, while NOS1 expression contributes to allergen-induced goblet cell metaplasia.

Nitric Oxide Synthase Enzymes in the Airways of Mice Exposed to Ovalbumin: NOS2 Expression Is NOS3 Dependent

Science.gov (United States)

Bratt, Jennifer M.; Williams, Keisha; Rabowsky, Michelle F.; Last, Michael S.; Franzi, Lisa M.; Last, Jerold A.; Kenyon, Nicholas J.

2010-01-01

Objectives and Design. The function of the airway nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and the lung cell types responsible for its production are not fully understood. We hypothesized that NO homeostasis in the airway is important to control inflammation, which requires upregulation, of NOS2 protein expression by an NOS3-dependent mechanism. Materials or Subjects. Mice from a C57BL/6 wild-type, NOS1−/−, NOS2−/−, and NOS3−/− genotypes were used. All mice strains were systemically sensitized and exposed to filtered air or ovalbumin (OVA) aerosol for two weeks to create a subchronic model of allergen-induced airway inflammation. Methods. We measured lung function, lung lavage inflammatory and airway epithelial goblet cell count, exhaled NO, nitrate and nitrite concentration, and airway NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 protein content. Results. Deletion of NOS1 or NOS3 increases NOS2 protein present in the airway epithelium and smooth muscle of air-exposed animals. Exposure to allergen significantly reduced the expression of NOS2 protein in the airway epithelium and smooth muscle of the NOS3−/− strain only. This reduction in NOS2 expression was not due to the replacement of epithelial cells with goblet cells as remaining epithelial cells did not express NOS2. NOS1−/− animals had significantly reduced goblet cell metaplasia compared to C57Bl/6 wt, NOS2−/−, and NOS3−/− allergen-exposed mice. Conclusion. The airway epithelial and smooth muscle cells maintain a stable airway NO concentration under noninflammatory conditions. This “homeostatic” mechanism is unable to distinguish between NOS derived from the different constitutive NOS isoforms. NOS3 is essential for the expression of NOS2 under inflammatory conditions, while NOS1 expression contributes to allergen-induced goblet cell metaplasia. PMID:20953358

Orthodontic force stimulates eNOS and iNOS in rat osteocytes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tan, S.D.; Xie, R.; Klein Nulend, J.; van Rheden, R.E.; Bronckers, A.L.J.J.; Kuijpers-Jagtman, A.M.; Von den Hoff, J.W.; Maltha, J.C.

2009-01-01

Mechanosensitive osteocytes are essential for bone remodeling. Nitric oxide, an important regulator of bone remodeling, is produced by osteocytes through the activity of constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We hypothesized that these

Orthodontic force stimulates eNOS and iNOS in rat osteocytes.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tan, S.D.; Xie, R.; Klein-Nulend, J.; Rheden, R.E.M. van; Bronckers, A.L.; Kuijpers-Jagtman, A.M.; Hoff, J.W. Von den; Maltha, J.C.

2009-01-01

Mechanosensitive osteocytes are essential for bone remodeling. Nitric oxide, an important regulator of bone remodeling, is produced by osteocytes through the activity of constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We hypothesized that these

Tumor residual pós-quimioterapia neoadjuvante para câncer de mama: impacto sobre o tratamento cirúrgico conservador Residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: impact on conservative surgical treatment

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Edison Mantovani Barbosa

1999-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analisar as alterações histopatológicas provocadas pela ação da quimioterapia neoadjuvante (fluoracil, epirrubicina e ciclofosfamida; FEC -- 4 ciclos na área tumoral, no tecido mamário adjacente e nos linfonodos homolaterais, em peças cirúrgicas obtidas de pacientes portadoras de carcinomas primários da mama. Método: estudo histológico detalhado de 30 peças cirúrgicas obtidas por mastectomia radical (Patey de pacientes portadoras de carcinomas primários da mama, previamente submetidas a esse tipo de terapêutica sistêmica. Resultados: observamos regressão tumoral, de grau variável, em todas as peças analisadas. Esta regressão ocorreu de forma irregular, restando inúmeros focos refratários na área ocupada pelo tumor primário. Observamos focos celulares resistentes independentes do tumor primário no tecido mamário. Detalhamos outros achados histopatológicos decorrentes da ação quimioterápica nos tecidos tumoral e mamário, como calcificações e fibrose, e nos linfonodos axilares homolaterais. Conclusão: concluímos que a ação da quimioterapia neoadjuvante não é uniforme, restando focos tumorais refratários, tanto na área do tumor inicial, quanto à distância. A regressão do tumor independe da resposta de regressão dos linfonodos axilares metastáticos. A utilização da cirurgia conservadora pós-quimioterapia neoadjuvante (FEC deve ser evitada.Purpose: analysis of histopathologic alterations caused by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (fluorouracil, epirubicine, cyclophosphamide; FEC - 4 cycles at the tumor site, adjacent mammary tissue and homolateral lymph nodes, as observed in sections of patients with primary breast carcinomas. Method: histological studies performed on 30 surgical sections obtained from radical mastectomy (Patey of patients with primary breast carcinomas, who underwent prior neoadjuvant systemic therapy. Results: all sections showed tumor regression with variable intensity. This

Tumores em animais de produção: aspectos comparativos

OpenAIRE

Ramos,Adriano Tony; Souza,Arlete Benta de; Norte,Diego Mollerke; Ferreira,João Luiz Montiel; Fernandes,Cristina Gevehr

2008-01-01

Com o objetivo de realizar um estudo retrospectivo de tumores em animais de produção (bovinos, ovinos, eqüinos e suínos), foi realizada uma revisão nos casos suspeitos de neoplasmas recebidos pelo Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas num período de 24 anos (1978-2002). Os aspectos epidemiológicos dos neoplasmas nessas espécies foram relatados, e uma classificação concisa para padronizar a nomenclatura, seguindo padrões internaciona...

Biomicroscopia ultra-sônica (UBM no planejamento cirúrgico e acompanhamento pós-operatório de melanomas malignos de íris e corpo ciliar Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM in the surgical planning and postoperative follow-up of iris and ciliary body melanomas

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Zélia Maria da Silva Corrêa

2003-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estudar os achados da biomicroscopia ultra-sônica (UBM em melanomas malignos primários da íris e corpo ciliar antes e depois da resecção cirúrgica e correlacionar a extensão do tumor (revelado pela biomicroscopia ultra-sônica aos achados histopatológicos. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de 5 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de tumor de íris e/ou corpo ciliar. Estes pacientes foram avaliados pela biomicroscopia ultra-sônica antes e após iridociclectomia ou iridectomia. Os espécimens foram enviados para estudo histopatológico. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por período mínimo de 6 meses quando foi realizada nova biomicroscopia ultra-sônica. RESULTADOS: Neste grupo de 5 pacientes, 3 eram do sexo feminino e 2, do masculino, variação de idade de 32 e 64 anos. Todos os casos eram unilaterais. Quatro pacientes apresentaram massa iridociliar e um apresentou lesão limitada à íris. Em todos os casos a biomicroscopia ultra-sônica auxiliou o planejamento cirúrgico para a ressecção tumoral com margens livres. A biomicroscopia ultra-sônica no pós-operatório revelou ausência de crescimento tumoral em todos os casos, sendo que 2 pacientes apresentaram vítreo na incisão cirúrgica, 1 deles com tração vítrea leve, mas sem sinais de descolamento de retina. CONCLUSÃO: A biomicroscopia ultra-sônica pareceu ser método auxiliar confiável para diagnosticar tumores de íris e corpo ciliar, planejar o tratamento cirúrgico e o acompanhamento pós-operatório.PURPOSE: To study pre-operatively and post-operatively ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM findings of iris and ciliary body melanomas and correlate tumor extension (revealed by ultrasound biomicroscopy with histopathology findings. METHODS: Prospective study of 5 patients with a clinical diagnosis of iris and ciliary body tumors. These patients were evaluated by ultrasound biomicroscopy before and after treatment with iridectomy or iridociclectomy. All specimens were sent

Aspectos histoquímicos e imunoistoquímicos nos neoplasmas do sistema nervoso periférico Histochemical and immunohistochemical features of peripheral nerve neoplasms

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A.M. Viott

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Doze casos de tumores do sistema nervoso periférico, sete schwannomas e cinco neurofibromas foram diagnosticados entre 1964 e 2004, em caninos e bovinos. Histologicamente, as células predominantes nos schwannomas eram fusiformes organizavam-se em paliçada ou em feixes aleatórios. Nos neurofibromas as células neoplásicas eram fusiformes e se originavam da periferia dos nervos formando ninhos e feixes. O tecido conjuntivo era mais abundante nos neurofibromas e os colágenos dos tipos I e III eram os principais constituintes desses neoplasmas. Os neurofibromas foram caracterizados por uma concentração alta e difusa de mastócitos, provavelmente devido à origem das células neoplásicas do perineuro e epineuro. A coloração de AgNOR não se mostrou eficiente como indicador de prognóstico nos neoplasmas analisados. Imunoistoquímicamente houve forte marcação para vimentina (100% e S100 (100% em ambos os tipos de tumor. A maioria dos schwannomas (75% foi positiva para a proteína ácida fibrilar glial; os neurofibromas só apresentaram marcação nas células de Schwann dos fascículos nervosos.A retrospective study of peripheral nerve tumors was made from 1964 to 2004. The tumors summed up 12, being seven schwannomas and five neurofibromas. Schwannomas were composed of spindle-shaped cells either in a palisading pattern or random bundles loosely textured and neurofibromas by spindle cells. The connective tissue components were more prevalent in neurofibromas with a characteristic deployment of collagens type I and III. In AgNOR techniques, both benign and malignant schwannomas and neurofibromas did not show differences. Mast cells stained by toluidine blue were more prevalent in neurofibromas which are rich in reactive endoneurium. Schwannomas (100% and neurofibromas (100% were positive for vimentin and S100 protein, so they prove to be reliable for the diagnosis of peripheral nerve tumors. GFAP marked cells were found in three

Cáncer de la laringe

OpenAIRE

Frangella, Alfonso C.

2011-01-01

La laringe y la faringe, órganos y perfectamente individualizados por su anatomía y fisiología, son solidarios en una parte de su extensión y funciones: de allí la importancia de su estudio simultáne, especialmente para el caso de los tumores malignos que, a poco de evolucionar invaden con facilidad los dominios vecinos.

Inmunoterapia del cáncer: Importancia de controlar la inmunosupresión

OpenAIRE

Mariana Malvicini; Guillermo Puchulo; Pablo Matar; Guillermo Mazzolini

2010-01-01

Es cada vez mayor la evidencia experimental y clínica de que el sistema inmunitario interviene activamente en la patogénesis y el control de la progresión tumoral. Una respuesta antitumoral efectiva depende de la correcta interacción de varios componentes del sistema inmunitario, como las células presentadoras de antígeno y diferentes sub-poblaciones de linfocitos T. Sin embargo, los tumores malignos desarrollan numerosos mecanismos para evadir el reconocimiento y su eliminación por parte del...

Inmunoterapia del cáncer: Importancia de controlar la inmunosupresión Cancer immunotherapy: Importance of overcoming immune suppression

OpenAIRE

Mariana Malvicini; Guillermo Puchulo; Pablo Matar; Guillermo Mazzolini

2010-01-01

Es cada vez mayor la evidencia experimental y clínica de que el sistema inmunitario interviene activamente en la patogénesis y el control de la progresión tumoral. Una respuesta antitumoral efectiva depende de la correcta interacción de varios componentes del sistema inmunitario, como las células presentadoras de antígeno y diferentes sub-poblaciones de linfocitos T. Sin embargo, los tumores malignos desarrollan numerosos mecanismos para evadir el reconocimiento y su eliminación por parte del...

Mortalidade por tumores de cérebro no Brasil, 1980-1998

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Monteiro Gina Torres Rego

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Os tumores cerebrais são raros, mas sua incidência e mortalidade vêm aumentando ao longo das últimas décadas em vários países, inclusive no Brasil, particularmente entre idosos. O presente artigo descreve o perfil da mortalidade desses tumores no país, analisando a distribuição de suas taxas segundo sexo, idade, topografia e natureza tumoral entre 1980 e 1998. As taxas de mortalidade por esta neoplasia, ajustadas por idade pela população mundial, cresceram de 2,24/100 mil para 3,35/100 mil, correspondendo a um aumento de 50%. Estas foram mais elevadas na infância que na adolescência, aumentando posteriormente com a idade e alcançando níveis altos nos mais idosos, sendo o crescimento médio nos maiores de 70 anos de 6% ao ano ao longo da série estudada. São analisadas as taxas de tumores do encéfalo e das meninges cerebrais para o país e para capitais selecionadas. A constatação do aumento dessas taxas demanda a elaboração de estudos com vistas a elucidar o papel de novas tecnologias diagnósticas, assim como de potenciais fatores de risco ambientais.

Síndrome de lise tumoral: uma revisão abrangente da literatura Acute tumor lysis syndrome: a comprehensive review

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Michael Darmon

2008-09-01

Full Text Available A síndrome de lise tumoral é caracterizada pela destruição maciça de células malignas e conseqüente liberação do seu conteúdo no espaço extracelular. Embora possa ocorrer de modo espontâneo, a síndrome de lise tumoral aparece em geral, logo após o início do tratamento com agentes quimioterápicos citotóxicos. Uma vez liberados, estes metabólitos podem subjugar os mecanismos homeostáticos resultando em hiperuricemia, hipercalemia, hiperfosfatemia, e hipocalcemia. Estas alterações biológicas podem levar à ocorrência de diversas manifestações clínicas, incluindo lesão renal aguda, convulsões e morte súbita, que podem requerer cuidados intensivos. Como a síndrome de lise tumoral está associada a um prognóstico reservado, prevenção de sua ocorrência per se e também de suas conseqüências é obrigatória. O objetivo desta revisão foi descrever os mecanismos fisiopatológicos, e as manifestações clínicas e biológicas da síndrome de lise tumoral aguda, e fornecer recomendações atualizadas para sua prevenção. Foram selecionados artigos sobre síndrome de lise tumoral publicados nos últimos 20 anos no PubMed www.pubmed.gov. Estudos referenciados nos artigos selecionados na busca, também foram utilizados. Resultados: A síndrome de lise tumoral é uma complicação grave e freqüente em pacientes com neoplasias de diagnóstico recente. Estratégias de prevenção incluem hidratação vigorosa, agentes uricolíticos, identificação dos fatores que predispõem à lesão renal aguda e, nos pacientes críticos, a indicação profilática de métodos de substituição da função renal necessários para prevenir ou limitar suas conseqüências. Entretanto, o momento adequado assim como as modalidades de prevenção a serem oferecidas ainda são desconhecidos e podem ser inclusive modificadas por alterações no espectro de pacientes em risco de desenvolvê-la. O desenvolvimento e a validação de estrat

Vasoactive and radioprotective properties of isothiourea derivatives having NOS-inhibitory activity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Filimonova, Marina V.; Shevchenko, Ludmila I.; Ulyanenko, Stepan E.; Makarchuk, Victorya M.; Kuznetsova, Mary N.; Shevchuk, Aza S.; Lushnikova, Galina A.; Chesnakova, Ekaterina A. [Medical Radiological Research Center Health Ministry of Russia, 4, Korolev street, Obninsk, 249036, Kaluga region (Russian Federation)

2014-07-01

mechanism of radioprotective effect, to selectively protect the normal tissues during radiotherapy of tumors. Our supposition was confirmed in the studies on models of radiation therapy of radioresistant sarcoma M-1. The test compounds injected at a dose of 60 mg/kg during the single-dose (32 Gy) or fractionated doses (40 Gy) of local γ-therapy did not affect the radiosensitivity of the tumor, but significantly limited the degree and severity of acute cutaneous radiation injuries of the skin. These results indicate that the active NOS inhibitors can be effective radioprotectors and means of preventing complications of radiotherapy, however the possibility of their practical application in radiation protection and medical radiology requires detailed experimental studies. Moreover, NOS inhibitors may have practical value as a means of treatment of combined radiation injuries, when the development of hemodynamic disturbances, endotoxemia and sepsis are important pathogenic factors. In these cases, NOS inhibitors may be an important element of therapy that can limit the development of threatening complications. The possibility of such therapy was shown using S-ethyl-isothiourea, which is a non-selective inhibitor NOS, in the treatment of combined radiation and burn injury in experimental animals. (authors)

Tratamento adjuvante nos GISTs Adjuvant treatment in GISTs

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Laercio Gomes Lourenço

2011-09-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST é o sarcoma mais comum do aparelho digestivo. Essa neoplasia ocorre devido à mutação do gene KIT com consequente ativação constitutiva da proteína KIT. O tratamento primário é cirúrgico e consiste na sua ressecção completa. Entretanto, alguns grupos de pacientes apresentam risco elevado de recorrência mesmo após operação com ressecção completa (R0, indicando diferenças no comportamento biológico. Estudos clínicos comprovaram a atividade clínica do mesilato de imatinibe, fazendo dele a primeira linha de tratamento padrão nos GISTs metastáticos ou irressecáveis, mudando muito o desfecho clínico dessa doença em relação aos benefícios anteriormente obtidos com a quimioterapia antineoplásica. MÉTODO: Foi realizada revisão da literatura com consulta nos periódicos das bases Medline/Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs cruzando os descritores: tumor estromal gastrointestinal, Gist, tratamento, adjuvância. Além desta revisão foi adicionada a experiência pessoal dos autores. CONCLUSÃO: Melhor refinamento dos critérios de prognóstico tem permitido selecionar de forma mais adequada pacientes para o tratamento adjuvante com imatinibe. Os resultados de maior evidência até o momento respaldam o tratamento adjuvante por um ano, o que produz benefício significativo na sobrevida livre de recidiva, mas não na sobrevida global desses pacientes.INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST is the most common sarcoma of the digestive tract. This cancer occurs due to mutation of the KIT gene resulting in constitutive activation of KIT protein. The primary treatment is surgical and consists of complete resection. However, some groups of patients at high risk of recurrence even after surgery with complete resection (R0, indicate differences in biological behavior. Clinical studies have demonstrated the clinical activity of imatinib mesylate, making it the standard first

Tu nos aposte protege

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frederiksen, Britta Olrik

2007-01-01

Aspirationen af p, t og k i dansk er stedmoderligt behandlet af den gren af den historiske sprogforskning der bygger på skriftligt kildemateriale. Skrivemåden tu nos aposte protege for tu nos ab hoste protege 'bekyt du os mod fjenden' i en tilskrift fra anden halvdel af 1300-tallet i...

Evolution of sarcoma 180 (ascitic tumor in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni

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Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira

1986-03-01

Full Text Available Mice infected with 60 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni were more resistant to the sarcoma 180 ascites tumor. Tumor inoculation was performed 50 days after schistosoma infection and the animals were observed and weighed at 48 hours intervals for development and progression of malignancy. In infected mice the weight gain (ascites formation started later and was shorter than in uninfected Controls. Also, the number of tumor cells into the peritoneal cavity 72h after tumor implantation was shorter in infected group than incontrols. This in creased resistance against a transplantable tumor probably is related to the effect of endotoxin on tumoricidal activity of macrophages activated by the infection. The immunodepression induced by Schistosoma mansoni infection enhances the proliferation of endogenous bacteria increasing the amount of endotoxin absorbed from the gut.Camundongos infectados com 60 cercárias de Schistosoma mansoni tomaram-se mais resistentes ao sarcoma 180 na forma de tumor ascítico. A inoculação das células tumorais foi feita no 50º dia de infecção e a evolução do tumor foi acompanhada através dapesagem dos animais com intervalos de 48 horas. Nos camundongos infectados o ganho de peso (formação da ascite começou mais tarde e foi menor do que nos controles não infectados. Também o número de células tumorais na cavidade peritoneal 72 horas após a implantação do tumor foi menor no grupo infectado. Este aumento de resistência a um tumor transplantávelpossivelmente está relacionado ao efeito de endotoxinas sobre a atividade tumoricida dos macrofagos ativados pela infecção. A imunossupressão induzida pela infecção favorece a proliferação de bactérias da flora endógena aumentando a quantidade de endotoxinas absorvidas pelo intestino.

Neuronal NOS localises to human airway cilia.

Science.gov (United States)

Jackson, Claire L; Lucas, Jane S; Walker, Woolf T; Owen, Holly; Premadeva, Irnthu; Lackie, Peter M

2015-01-30

Airway NO synthase (NOS) isoenzymes are responsible for rapid and localised nitric oxide (NO) production and are expressed in airway epithelium. We sought to determine the localisation of neuronal NOS (nNOS) in airway epithelium due to the paucity of evidence. Sections of healthy human bronchial tissue in glycol methacrylate resin and human nasal polyps in paraffin wax were immunohistochemically labelled and reproducibly demonstrated nNOS immunoreactivity, particularly at the proximal portion of cilia; this immunoreactivity was blocked by a specific nNOS peptide fragment. Healthy human epithelial cells differentiated at an air-liquid interface (ALI) confirmed the presence of all three NOS isoenzymes by immunofluorescence labelling. Only nNOS immunoreactivity was specific to the ciliary axonemeand co-localised with the cilia marker β-tubulin in the proximal part of the ciliary axoneme. We report a novel localisation of nNOS at the proximal portion of cilia in airway epithelium and conclude that its independent and local regulation of NO levels is crucial for normal cilia function. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tumor glómico do pulmão: Apresentação de um caso pouco frequente

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Vítor Sousa

2006-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Os tumores glómicos são tumores perivasculares cujas células se assemelham a células musculares lisas modificadas do corpo glómico. São mais frequentes na região subungueal e raros no pulmão.Os autores apresentam um caso de uma doente de 62 anos, com toracalgia esquerda e dispneia para grandes esforços. Apresentava nódulo solitário localizado ao segmento basal-externo do LIE, com 1,9 cm de diâmetro, de limites bem definidos, consistência firme e superfície de secção nodular e branco-rosada.Os tumores glómicos são geralmente benignos. Podem ter origem em células glómicas ectópicas ou diferenciarem-se a partir de células não glómicas. Devem ser classificados em tumor glómico, glomangioma ou glomangiomioma de acordo com a abundância relativa de células glómicas, do componente vascular e muscular. Estão descritas metástases pulmonares de tumores glómicos malignos, sendo necessário excluir origem primária extra-pulmonar nesses casos.O diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores glómicos do pulmão inclui o carcinóide, hemangiopericitoma, tumores musculares lisos (leiomioma epitelióide e o paraganglioma.Rev Port Pneumol 2006; XII (3: 269-274 Abstract: Glomic tumours are perivascular tumours whose cells resemble modified smooth muscular cells of the glomic body.They are more frequent in the subungueal region and rare in the lung.The authors present a case of a 62 year old women with left thoracic pain and great enforces dyspnoea. She presented a solitary nodule in the external basal segment of the LLL, 1.9 cm diameter, circumscribed, firm and with nodular whitish rose cut surface.Glomic tumours are generally benign. They may origin in ectopic glomic cells or be differentiated from non glomic cells. They should be classified as glomic tumor, glomangioma and glomangiomioma according to the relative abundance of glomic cells and of the vascular and muscular components. Pulmonary metastasis of malignant glomic tumours

Tumor glómico do pulmão: Apresentação de um caso pouco frequente

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Vítor Sousa

2006-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Os tumores glómicos são tumores perivasculares cujas células se assemelham a células musculares lisas modificadas do corpo glómico. São mais frequentes na região subungueal e raros no pulmão.Os autores apresentam um caso de uma doente de 62 anos, com toracalgia esquerda e dispneia para grandes esforços. Apresentava nódulo solitário localizado ao segmento basal-externo do LIE, com 1,9 cm de diâmetro, de limites bem definidos, consistência firme e superfície de secção nodular e branco-rosada.Os tumores glómicos são geralmente benignos. Podem ter origem em células glómicas ectópicas ou diferenciarem-se a partir de células não glómicas. Devem ser classificados em tumor glómico, glomangioma ou glomangiomioma de acordo com a abundância relativa de células glómicas, do componente vascular e muscular. Estão descritas metástases pulmonares de tumores glómicos malignos, sendo necessário excluir origem primária extra-pulmonar nesses casos.O diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores glómicos do pulmão inclui o carcinóide, hemangiopericitoma, tumores musculares lisos (leiomioma epitelióide e o paraganglioma. Abstract: Glomic tumours are perivascular tumours whose cells resemble modified smooth muscular cells of the glomic body.They are more frequent in the subungueal region and rare in the lung.The authors present a case of a 62 year old women with left thoracic pain and great enforces dyspnoea. She presented a solitary nodule in the external basal segment of the LLL, 1.9 cm diameter, circumscribed, firm and with nodular whitish rose cut surface.Glomic tumours are generally benign. They may origin in ectopic glomic cells or be differentiated from non glomic cells. They should be classified as glomic tumor, glomangioma and glomangiomioma according to the relative abundance of glomic cells and of the vascular and muscular components. Pulmonary metastasis of malignant glomic tumours have been described. In these cases

Evaluation of leukocyte count in dogs with lymphoma submitted to the Madison-Wisconsin protocol by conventional technique and flow cytometryAvaliação leucocitária de cães com linfoma submetidos ao protocolo de Madison-Wisconsin pela técnica convencional e citometria de fluxo

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Letícia Abrahão Anai

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic tumor in dogs and one of the malignant tumors with higher occurrence in this species. It is a great experimental model due to its resemblance with the non- Hodgkin lymphoma in humans. Considering the importance of the overall changes that result from to this kind of neoplastic tumor and those due to polichemotherapy this study aimed to evaluate the absolute leukon count and the total count of CD45+ cells in the blood of 25 dogs with lymphoma. Findings were crosschecked since diagnose and then once weekly during the first eight sessions of the Madison-Wisconsin chemotherapic protocol. Total granulocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte counts obtained from a conventional automatic counter and by flow cytometry were compared. Results did not reveal statistically significant changes between the two techniques. O linfoma é o tumor de tecido hematopoético mais comum nos cães e um dos tumores malignos de maior ocorrência nesta espécie. É um ótimo modelo experimental para estudo devido a sua semelhança com o linfoma não-Hodgkin em humanos. Considerando a importância das alterações decorrentes da evolução desta neoplasia e aquelas ocorridas com o emprego da poliquimioterapia, avaliou-se o leucograma absoluto e a contagem de células CD45+ pela citometria de fluxo, no sangue de 25 cães com linfoma. Foram avaliados no momento do diagnóstico, uma vez por semana, durante as primeiras oito sessões quimioterápicas do protocolo de Madison-Wisconsin, e cujas contagens obtidas em contador automático convencional e por intermédio da citometria de fluxo, foram comparadas. Os resultados obtidos não revelaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as duas técnicas utilizadas.

Right- vs. Left-Sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Differences in Tumor Biology and Bevacizumab Efficacy

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Paola Ulivi

2017-06-01

Full Text Available There is evidence of a different response to treatment with regard to the primary tumor localization (right-sided or left-sided in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC. We analyzed the different outcomes and biomolecular characteristics in relation to tumor localization in 122 of the 370 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer enrolled onto the phase III prospective multicenter “Italian Trial in Advanced Colorectal Cancer (ITACa”, randomized to receive first-line chemotherapy (CT or CT plus bevacizumab (CT + B. RAS and BRAF mutations; baseline expression levels of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2, ephrin type-B receptor 4 (EPHB4, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, and high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP; and inflammatory indexes such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte rate and systemic immune-inflammation index were evaluated. Patients with right-sided tumors showed a longer median progression-free survival in the CT + B arm than in the CT group (12.6 vs. 9.0 months, respectively, p = 0.017. Baseline inflammatory indexes were significantly higher in left-sided tumors, whereas eNOS and EPHB4 expression was significantly higher and BRAF mutation more frequent in right-sided tumors. Our data suggest a greater efficacy of the CT + B combination in right-sided mCRC, which might be attributable to the lower inflammatory status and higher expression of pro-angiogenic factors that appear to characterize these tumors.

The influence of authentic scientific research experiences on teachers' conceptions of the nature of science (NOS) and their NOS teaching practices

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Moriarty, Meghan A.

This study explored the influence of teachers' authentic scientific research experiences (ASREs) on teachers' conceptions of the nature of science (NOS) and teachers' NOS instruction. Twelve high school biology teachers participated in this study. Six of the participants had authentic scientific research experience (ASRE) and six had not participated in authentic scientific research. Data included background surveys, modified Views of the Nature of Science (VNOS) questionnaires, interviews, and teaching observations. Data was coded based on the eight NOS understandings outlined in 2013 in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Evidence from this study indicates participating in authentic scientific research as a member of a scientific community has dual benefits of enabling high school science teachers with informed understandings of the NOS and positioning them to teach with the NOS. However, these benefits do not always result from an ASRE. If the nature of the ASRE is limited, then it may limit teachers' NOS understandings and their NOS teaching practices. The results of this study suggest that participation in ASREs may be one way to improve teachers' NOS understandings and teaching practices if the experiences themselves offer a comprehensive view of the NOS. Because ASREs and other science learning experiences do not always offer such experiences, pre-service teacher education and professional development opportunities may engage science teachers in two ways: (1) becoming part of a scientific community may enable them to teach with NOS and (2) being reflective about what being a scientist means may improve teachers' NOS understandings and better position them to teach about NOS.. Keywords: nature of science, authentic scientific research experiences, Next Generation Science Standards, teaching about NOS, teaching with NOS.

Terapia biológica en cáncer: nuevos tiempos con una visión optimista

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Januario E Castro

2008-07-01

Full Text Available A medida que las expectativas de vida aumentan también lapoblación de adultos mayores se incrementa, y con ello, elnúmero de pacientes que sufren enfermedades crónicasincluyendo cáncer. Esto ha generado que en muchos paísesindustrializados la incidencia de tumores malignos y lamortalidad asociada a cáncer haya ido aumentandoprogresivamente, siguiendo en orden de frecuencia a lasenfermedades cardiovasculares.

Nos2 inactivation promotes the development of medulloblastoma in Ptch1(+/- mice by deregulation of Gap43-dependent granule cell precursor migration.

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Daniel Haag

Full Text Available Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. A subset of medulloblastoma originates from granule cell precursors (GCPs of the developing cerebellum and demonstrates aberrant hedgehog signaling, typically due to inactivating mutations in the receptor PTCH1, a pathomechanism recapitulated in Ptch1(+/- mice. As nitric oxide may regulate GCP proliferation and differentiation, we crossed Ptch1(+/- mice with mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase (Nos2 to investigate a possible influence on tumorigenesis. We observed a two-fold higher medulloblastoma rate in Ptch1(+/- Nos2(-/- mice compared to Ptch1(+/- Nos2(+/+ mice. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying this finding, we performed gene expression profiling of medulloblastomas from both genotypes, as well as normal cerebellar tissue samples of different developmental stages and genotypes. Downregulation of hedgehog target genes was observed in postnatal cerebellum from Ptch1(+/+ Nos2(-/- mice but not from Ptch1(+/- Nos2(-/- mice. The most consistent effect of Nos2 deficiency was downregulation of growth-associated protein 43 (Gap43. Functional studies in neuronal progenitor cells demonstrated nitric oxide dependence of Gap43 expression and impaired migration upon Gap43 knock-down. Both effects were confirmed in situ by immunofluorescence analyses on tissue sections of the developing cerebellum. Finally, the number of proliferating GCPs at the cerebellar periphery was decreased in Ptch1(+/+ Nos2(-/- mice but increased in Ptch1(+/- Nos2(-/ (- mice relative to Ptch1(+/- Nos2(+/+ mice. Taken together, these results indicate that Nos2 deficiency promotes medulloblastoma development in Ptch1(+/- mice through retention of proliferating GCPs in the external granular layer due to reduced Gap43 expression. This study illustrates a new role of nitric oxide signaling in cerebellar development and demonstrates that the localization of pre-neoplastic cells during

Sarcoma de Ewing en paciente masculino Ewing's sarcoma in a male patient

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Eddy Millán Escalona

2010-09-01

Full Text Available El sarcoma de Ewing es un tumor óseo maligno de células redondas pequeñas. Es el segundo tumor óseo maligno más frecuente en la infancia, y se puede presentar en cualquier momento durante la niñez y comienzos de la edad adulta. El tumor puede originarse en cualquier parte del cuerpo, generalmente en los huesos largos de las extremidades, la pelvis o el tórax, al igual que en el cráneo o en los huesos planos del tronco. Se trata de un paciente masculino, mestizo, de 38 años de edad, que acude a consulta externa en el hospital de Nickerie, Suriname, por presentar aumento de volumen en la región lateral derecha del abdomen. Refiere que ha presentado pérdida de peso, decaimiento marcado y anorexia. Estos síntomas se iniciaron 3 meses antes, y se han incrementado paulatina y progresivamente. Tiene también dificultad para deambular y dolor en la pierna derecha.The Ewing's sarcoma is a malignant bone tumor of round cells. The second malignant bone tumor more frequent in childhood and may to appear in any moment during this life stage and at onset of adulthood. Tumor may to originate in any place of body, generally in limbs long bones, pelvis or thorax as well as in skull or in trunk flat bones. This case is a black male patient aged 38 seen in external consultation in the hospital of Nickerie, Surinam presenting with a volume increase in the right lateral region of abdomen. He refers a weight loss, a marked weakness and anorexia. These symptoms appeared three months before increasing in a gradual and progressively way. He has difficulty to walk and pain in the right leg.

Reactivity of p53 protein in canine transmissible venereal tumor Reatividade da proteína P53 no tumor venéreo transmissível canino

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J.V. Moro

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The expression of p53 protein was evaluated in canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT, as following: natural occurrence (n=8; resistant to chemotherapy (n=4; and allogeneic transplanted in progression (n=8, stable (n=8, and regression (n=8stages. The collected specimens were submitted to GM1 immunohistochemical reaction. Results showed a mean percentage of immunomarked cells around 18.6% in CTVT of natural occurrence, 23.8% in CTVT resistant to chemotherapy, 22.9% in allogeneic transplanted CTVT in both progression and stable stages, and 35.8% in transplanted CTVT in regression stage. The results suggest that there is a functional abnormality in p53 gene and its products in the studied tumors; although, it is not possible to correlate the percentage of cells marked by p53 and a prognosis.A expressão da proteína p53 foi avaliada em espécimes de tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVT de ocorrência natural (n=8; resistente à quimioterapia (n=4 e transplantado em cão nas fases de progressão tumoral (n=8, de latência (n=8 e de regressão (n=8. Os espécimes foram submetidos à reação de imunoistoquímica. Os resultados mostraram porcentagem média de células imunomarcadas de 18,6% no TVT de ocorrência natural, de 23,8% no TVT refratário, 22,9% nos TVTs transplantados nas fases de progressão e latência e de 35,8% na fase de regressão. Os resultados sugerem que há uma anormalidade funcional no gene P53 e seus produtos nos tumores estudados, apesar de não ser possível correlacionar a porcentagem de células marcadas pelo p53 ao prognóstico.

Nitric Oxide Generated by Tumor-Associated Macrophages Is Responsible for Cancer Resistance to Cisplatin and Correlated With Syntaxin 4 and Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibition

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Cristiana Perrotta

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Tumor microenvironment is fundamental for cancer progression and chemoresistance. Among stromal cells tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs represent the largest population of infiltrating inflammatory cells in malignant tumors, promoting their growth, invasion, and immune evasion. M2-polarized TAMs are endowed with the nitric oxide (NO-generating enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS. NO has divergent effects on tumors, since it can either stimulate tumor cells growth or promote their death depending on the source of it; likewise the role of iNOS in cancer differs depending on the cell type. The role of NO generated by TAMs has not been investigated. Using different tumor models in vitro and in vivo we found that NO generated by iNOS of M2-polarized TAMs is able to protect tumor cells from apoptosis induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (CDDP. Here, we demonstrate that the protective effect of NO depends on the inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase, which is activated by CDDP in a pathway involving the death receptor CD95. Mechanistic insights indicate that NO actions occur via generation of cyclic GMP and activation of protein kinase G (PKG, inducing phosphorylation of syntaxin 4 (synt4, a SNARE protein responsible for A-SMase trafficking and activation. Noteworthy, phosphorylation of synt4 at serine 78 by PKG is responsible for the proteasome-dependent degradation of synt4, which limits the CDDP-induced exposure of A-SMase to the plasma membrane of tumor cells. This inhibits the cytotoxic mechanism of CDDP reducing A-SMase-triggered apoptosis. This is the first demonstration that endogenous NO system is a key mechanism through which TAMs protect tumor cells from chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis. The identification of the pathway responsible for A-SMase activity downregulation in tumors leading to chemoresistance warrants further investigations as a means to identify new anti-cancer molecules capable of specifically

iNOS-dependent sweating and eNOS-dependent cutaneous vasodilation are evident in younger adults, but are diminished in older adults exercising in the heat.

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Fujii, Naoto; Meade, Robert D; Alexander, Lacy M; Akbari, Pegah; Foudil-Bey, Imane; Louie, Jeffrey C; Boulay, Pierre; Kenny, Glen P

2016-02-01

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) contributes to sweating and cutaneous vasodilation during exercise in younger adults. We hypothesized that endothelial NOS (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) mediate NOS-dependent sweating, whereas eNOS induces NOS-dependent cutaneous vasodilation in younger adults exercising in the heat. Further, aging may upregulate inducible NOS (iNOS), which may attenuate sweating and cutaneous vasodilator responses. We hypothesized that iNOS inhibition would augment sweating and cutaneous vasodilation in exercising older adults. Physically active younger (n = 12, 23 ± 4 yr) and older (n = 12, 60 ± 6 yr) adults performed two 30-min bouts of cycling at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (400 W) in the heat (35°C). Sweat rate and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) were evaluated at four intradermal microdialysis sites with: 1) lactated Ringer (control), 2) nNOS inhibitor (nNOS-I, NPLA), 3) iNOS inhibitor (iNOS-I, 1400W), or 4) eNOS inhibitor (eNOS-I, LNAA). In younger adults during both exercise bouts, all inhibitors decreased sweating relative to control, albeit a lower sweat rate was observed at iNOS-I compared with eNOS-I and nNOS-I sites (all P exercise protocol (all P exercise bouts (all P > 0.05). We show that iNOS and eNOS are the main contributors to NOS-dependent sweating and cutaneous vasodilation, respectively, in physically active younger adults exercising in the heat, and that iNOS inhibition does not alter sweating or cutaneous vasodilation in exercising physically active older adults. Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society.

Tomografia computadorizada na análise dos padrões de calcificações nos tumores ósseos da bacia em pediatria: nova abordagem Computed tomography in the analysis of calcification patterns in pediatric bone tumors of the hip: a new approach

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Gabriel Antônio de Oliveira

2006-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: No grupo pediátrico, o diagnóstico radiológico dos tumores dos ossos ilíacos, ísquios e púbis apresenta dificuldades e peculiaridades próprias, mas a literatura revisada não trata especificamente desse tema. Este trabalho pretende investigar a existência de padrões radiológicos confiáveis para o diagnóstico diferencial desses tumores. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram revistos os achados radiológicos de tumores dos ossos do quadril em dez pacientes com idades entre 8 e 19 anos. RESULTADOS: Reação óssea (esclerose ou lise, reação periosteal (lamelar em camada única, múltiplas camadas ou radial, extensão do tumor no osso e grau de invasão das partes moles revelaram baixa especificidade. As calcificações nas partes moles, consideradas em conjunto, foram inespecíficas. Contudo, separando as próximas do osso comprometido, que apresentam formas e tamanhos variados - padrão I -, daquelas afastadas do osso, finas e amorfas - padrão II -, observamos que o padrão I foi totalmente inespecífico e o padrão II foi identificado nos três casos de osteossarcoma (100% e em apenas um dos casos de Ewing (16,6%. CONCLUSÃO: Neste material, as calcificações padrão II revelaram sensibilidade de 100% e especificidade de 90% para osteossarcoma. Contudo, sua importância pode não se limitar ao diagnóstico radiológico. As calcificações padrão II indicam, provavelmente, os sítios ideais para biópsia.OBJECTIVE: In the pediatric group, the radiological diagnosis of bone tumors of the hip is difficult and presents some peculiarities, but reviewed literature does not approach this specific problem. The objective of the present study was to investigate the existence of reliable radiological patterns for the differential diagnosis of these tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiological findings of bone tumors of the hip in ten patients in the age range between 8 and 19 years have been reviewed. RESULTS: Bone reaction (sclerosis or

Ovarian steroid cell tumor in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a case report

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Yarandi F

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Background: Steroid cell tumor is one of the rare ovarian tumors and forms 0.1% of all ovarian tumors, divided to three subgroups. Steroid cell tumor that are not otherwise specified (NOS are the most common type and represent 60% of steroid cell tumors. One of the most known signs of this tumor is hormonal function, especially androgenic effects of it. Primary treatment consists of eradication of tumor via surgery.Case presentation: The patient is a 29 years old female with history of poly cystic ovarian syndrome since 10 years ago, who attended to the clinic of General Women Hospital of Tehran in January 2011. In pelvic ultrasonography, there was a 6449mm mass in the right adnexa consisting of homogeneous component. She underwent laparotomy and unilateral salpingoophorectomy was done. Pathological report was steroid cell tumor of ovary.Conclusion: The aim of this study is reporting one of the rare tumors of ovary and assessment of the correct way of diagnosis and treatment of it.

Realce de imágenes mamográficas mediante técnicas basadas en histograma para su clasificación por medio de redes neuronales convolucionales

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Yébenes Calvo, Belén

2016-01-01

El cáncer de mama es una enfermedad que actualmente afecta a una de cada ocho mujeres en el mundo, presente también en hombres aunque con una incidencia menor. Esta patología comienza con una división descontrolada de células producida por una alteración en los genes encargados de controlar los procesos de división y crecimiento celular, dando lugar a la formación de un nódulo o tumor. Estos tumores pueden ser benignos, los cuales no suponen un riesgo para la salud o malignos, denominados ta...

Osteossarcomas humanos de alto grau: imunoexpressão de p53, erb-2 e P-glicoproteína, e correlação com o parâmetro anaplasia P-glycoprotein, erb2 and p53 expression in high-grade human osteosarcomas and their correlation with anaplasia

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Maria Teresa de Seixas Alves; Luciana Nakao Odashiro Miiji; Larissa Cardoso Marinho; Antonio Sergio Petrilli; Reynaldo Jesus-Garcia; Silvia Caminada Tolledo; Francy Reis da Silva Patricio

2008-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: Osteossarcoma (OS), o mais freqüente tumor primário maligno do osso, tem comportamento local agressivo e alto índice de disseminação sistêmica. Os eventos que permitem o crescimento e a disseminação tumoral ainda permanecem controversos. Os estudos sobre a carcinogênese e a progressão dessa neoplasia, com base na imunoexpressão de c-erb-B2, P-glicoproteína (P-gp) e p53, apresentam resultados conflitantes acerca do real valor prognóstico e suas correlações com parâmetros histológic...

Osteossarcomas humanos de alto grau: imunoexpressão de p53, erb-2 e P-glicoproteína, e correlação com o parâmetro anaplasia

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Alves,Maria Teresa de Seixas; Miiji,Luciana Nakao Odashiro; Marinho,Larissa Cardoso; Petrilli,Antonio Sergio; Jesus-Garcia,Reynaldo; Tolledo,Silvia Caminada; Patricio,Francy Reis da Silva

2008-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: Osteossarcoma (OS), o mais freqüente tumor primário maligno do osso, tem comportamento local agressivo e alto índice de disseminação sistêmica. Os eventos que permitem o crescimento e a disseminação tumoral ainda permanecem controversos. Os estudos sobre a carcinogênese e a progressão dessa neoplasia, com base na imunoexpressão de c-erb-B2, P-glicoproteína (P-gp) e p53, apresentam resultados conflitantes acerca do real valor prognóstico e suas correlações com parâmetros histológic...

Diagnóstico Broncoscópico do Tumor do Pulmão Radiograficamente Oculto e com Citologias da Expectoração Negativas

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Tomoya Kawaguchi

1999-07-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: Os Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão têm sido estudados de forma exaustiva, contudo não têm havido estudos de Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão com Citologias da Expectoração Negativas. Os autores resolveram fazer uma análise retrospectiva de todos os Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão diagnosticados em 10 anos (n=100 de 1975 a 1994.Destes 100 Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão diagnosticados, 15 tinham Citologias da Expectoração Negativas. Neste grupo foram analisadas as caracteristicas clinicas, os aspectos broncosópicos e os aspectos anatamo-patológicos. Também foram analisados o tamanho do tumor e a localização que em conjunto com os aspectos broncoscópicos foram comparados com os doentes que tinham citologias da expectoração positivas apesar de Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão. Foram diagnosticados endoscopicamente 17 lesões, em 15 doentes com Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão com Citologias de Expectoração Negativas.Nesta série todos os casos de Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão foram diagnosticados por Broncofibroscopia, todos os doentes eram homens e todos grandes fumadores.O exame endoscópico revelou espaçamento da mucosa em 10 doentes, lesão nodular em 5 doentes lesão polipoide em 2 doentes. A extensão das lesões não ultrapassou 0,52 cm o que é significativamente mais pequena do que a extensão das lesões do grupo com citologias positivas.Nos doentes de alto risco de cancro do pulmão deve ser preconizada a Broncofibroscopia e a árvore brônquica deve ser examinada com rigor mesmo nos doentes com Citologias da Expectoração Negativas COMENTARIO: Os autores diagnosticaram 100 casos de Tumores Ocultos do Pulmão sem manifestações radiológicas, sendo o diagnóstico feito na maior parte dos casos por citologias da expectoração. As lesões detectadas só por Broncofibroscopia foram em 15% dos casosEste grupo de doentes tin ham como caracteritica comum serem todos homens, grandes fumadores e com idades superiores ou iguais a 55 anos. Nos doentes

O líqüido cefalorraqueano iso diagnóstico dos tumores intracranianos

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Aloysio Mattos Pimenta

1954-09-01

Full Text Available Foi feito um estudo do líqüido cefalorraqueano num material de 180 casos de tumores intracranianos, histològicamente verificados, apreciando-se a possibilidade de sugestões diagnósticas, em relação à sede, natureza e aspectos cirúrgico e clínico. Foi utilizada a via cisternal para a obtenção do líquor, sendo que a punção negativa da cisterna constituiu um elemento de suspeita diagnostica nos tumores da fossa posterior e de indicação de cautela ao médico que a pratica. As vantagens da via cisternal para colheita do liquor foram assinaladas. A pressão inicial foi normal em 35% dos casos, diminuída em 7% e aumentada em 58%. A hipotensão apareceu em 5 hematomas, num total de 14 casos considerados. Não houve grande diferença de freqüência de hipertensão entre tumores infra e supratentoriais. Em relação à natureza do tumor, o glioblastoma e o abscesso - processos de crescimento rápido - tiveram maior tendência a apresentar hipertensão, em relativa oposição àqueles de crescimento lento (astrocitoma e meningeoma. Houve concordância absoluta entre os sinais clínicos de hipertensão - tríade hipertensiva completa - e a hipertensão do líquor. Entretanto, nos casos com tríade incompleta, foram verificadas, freqüentes vêzes, valores normais da pressão e mesmo hipotensão. O quociente raqueano de Ayala, nos casos de líquor hipertenso, evidenciou em grande maioria o tipo tumoral (menor que 5. 0 valor da fórmula QR menor que 5 e QRD maior que 3, não foi comprovado em nosso material. A xantocromia foi dominante nos casos de hematoma. O crescimento rápido pareceu influir mais que a natureza específica no aparecimento da xantocromia. O retículo fibrinoso foi notado em 20 casos, dos quais 2 sem taxa elevada de proteínas, aparecendo com maior freqüência nos casos de abscesso e glioblastoma. O líquor hemorrágico sòmente foi observado nos casos de hematoma. A citologia quantitativa não forneceu dados que

Multiplicações celulares e tumores induzidos por virus: o cancer como infecção

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F. Rocha Lagôa

1953-12-01

Full Text Available Após terem sido apreciadas, à luz de fatos experimentais, as principais causas determinantes das multiplicações celulares normais e aquelas responsabilidades pelas multiplicações anormais, encontradas nos tumores blastomatosos, foram analisados os tumores animais que reconhecidamente são causados por virus tais como: o sarcoma e o epitelioma das galinhas; o papiloma e o mixoma dos coelhos; os carcinomas de ratos e rãs, e finalmente, o papiloma oral e o linfo-sarcoma venéreo dos cães. Em seguida, foram focalizadas as várias propriedades em comum existentes entre os vírus indutores dêsses tumores como: capacidade de determinar multiplicações anormais nos tecidos atacados; elevada especificidade para as espécies sensíveis; existência de diminuição do poder infeccioso à medida que aumenta a capacidade de estimular a formação de tumores e, as afinidades existentes entre êles e os gens, principalmente àquelas referentes à sensibilidade aos raios X. Finalmente, foi aventada a hipótese da possível existência de elementos patogênicos ainda não identificados, situados entre os virus citocinéticos conhecidos e os gens, com poder infeccioso mínimo, exigindo por isso, condições de susceptibilidade ainda não totalmente conhecidas e controladas, possuidores de elevado poder de induzir multiplicações anormais nos tecidos atacados e possìvelmente responsáveis pelos tumores neoplásicos humanos.After being analysed, upon experimental facts, the principal determinant causes of the normal cellular multiplication, and of the abnormal, found in the tumors, were studied the animal tumors caused by viruses like chicken sarcoma and epithelioma, rabbit, papiloma and infectious myxomatosis, rat and frog carcinoma and also oral papiloma and venereal lympho-sarcoma of dog. After words there was focused the various common properties existing between the induction viruses of such tumors like that of abnormal cellular multiplication in

Sildenafil Ameliorates Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Role of iNOS and eNOS

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Mohamed A. Morsy

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is used for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. However, its usefulness is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Sildenafil, a selective phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, was reported to prevent or decrease tissue injury. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential protective effects of sildenafil on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected with gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 6 days with and without sildenafil. Sildenafil administration resulted in nephroprotective effect in gentamicin-intoxicated rats as it significantly decreased serum creatinine and urea, urinary albumin, and renal malondialdehyde and nitrite/nitrate levels, with a concomitant increase in renal catalase and superoxide dismutase activities compared to gentamicin-treated rats. Moreover, immunohistochemical examination revealed that sildenafil treatment markedly reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS expression, while expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS was markedly enhanced. The protective effects of sildenafil were verified histopathologically. In conclusion, sildenafil protects rats against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity possibly, in part, through its antioxidant activity, inhibition of iNOS expression, and induction of eNOS production.

Apoptosis in the transplanted canine transmissible venereal tumor during growth and regression phases Apoptose no tumor venéreo transmissível canino durante as fases de crescimento e regressão

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F.G.A. Santos

2008-06-01

. Secções coradas pelo Shorr, submetidas à morfometria, demonstram maior índice apoptótico nos tumores em regressão. Esse achado foi confirmado pela microscopia eletrônica de transmissão que evidenciou células com morfologia típica de apoptose e pela reação de TUNEL que marcou mais células nos tumores em regressão que naqueles em crescimento. A imunomarcação para P53 foi mais intensa nos tumores em regressão, assim como a fragmentação internucleossômica do genoma mostrada pela eletroforese em gel de agarose. Concluiu-se que a apoptose tem importante papel na regressão do TVT transplantado experimentalmente, sendo, nesse caso, dependente de P53 para a sua execução.

Lymphatic endothelial cells efferent to inflamed joints produce iNOS and inhibit lymphatic vessel contraction and drainage in TNF-induced arthritis in mice.

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Liang, Qianqian; Ju, Yawen; Chen, Yan; Wang, Wensheng; Li, Jinlong; Zhang, Li; Xu, Hao; Wood, Ronald W; Schwarz, Edward M; Boyce, Brendan F; Wang, Yongjun; Xing, Lianping

2016-03-12

In this study, we sought to determine the cellular source of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), the effects of iNOS on lymphatic smooth muscle cell (LSMC) function and on the development of arthritis in TNF-transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice, and whether iNOS inhibitors improve lymphatic function and reduce joint destruction in inflammatory erosive arthritis. We used quantitative polymerase chain reactions, immunohistochemistry, histology, and near-infrared imaging to examine (1) iNOS expression in podoplanin + LECs and lymphatic vessels from wild-type (WT) and TNF-Tg mice, (2) iNOS induction by TNF in WT LECs, (3) the effects of iNOS inhibitors on expression of functional muscle genes in LSMCs, and (4) the effects of iNOS inhibitors on lymphatic vessel contraction and drainage, as well as the severity of arthritis, in TNF-Tg mice. LECs from TNF-Tg mice had eight fold higher iNOS messenger RNA levels than WT cells, and iNOS expression was confirmed immunohistochemically in podoplanin + LECs in lymphatic vessels from inflamed joints. TNF (0.1 ng/ml) increased iNOS levels 40-fold in LECs. LSMCs cocultured with LECs pretreated with TNF had reduced expression of functional muscle genes. This reduction was prevented by ferulic acid, which blocked nitric oxide production. Local injection of L-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine 5-tetrazole-amide into inflamed paws of TNF-Tg mice resulted in recovery of lymphatic vessel contractions and drainage. Treatment of TNF-Tg mice with ferulic acid reduced synovial inflammation as well as cartilage and bone erosion, and it also restored lymphatic contraction and drainage. iNOS is produced primarily by LECs in lymphatic vessel efferent from inflamed joints of TNF-Tg mice in response to TNF and inhibits LSMC contraction and lymph drainage. Ferulic acid represents a potential new therapy to restore lymphatic function and thus improve inflammatory

Carcinoma basocelular da pálpebra: fatores relacionados com a recidiva tumoral Basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid: factors related to recurrence

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Luciana Akemi Ishi

2004-08-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTOS: O carcinoma basocelular (CBC palpebral é o tumor maligno mais freqüente das pálpebras, sendo possível observar casos em que existe recidiva após a exérese tumoral. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi procurar reconhecer fatores relacionados com a recidiva do CBC palpebral. MÉTODOS: No período de 1998 a 2001 foram detectados, na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu/Unesp, 23 pacientes que apresentaram recidiva clínica de CBC palpebral. Foi realizada análise retrospectiva dos pacientes, analisando-se idade, sexo, história de exposição solar, localização do tumor na pálpebra, diagnóstico clínico, diagnóstico histológico, acometimento de bordas cirúrgicas e tempo de seguimento. RESULTADOS: Em meio aos 23 pacientes analisados, não houve predominância de sexo, e a média de idade foi de 72,9 anos. Dos tumores localizados exclusivamente na pálpebra inferior, sobretudo no canto interno (74,0%, 34,7% eram do tipo sólido ulcerado, e a maioria (66,6% apresentava margens cirúrgicas livres, quando da ressecção tumoral. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria das recidivas de CBC palpebral foi de tumores do tipo sólido e localizados no canto interno. Margens cirúrgicas livres não representam garantia de que a lesão não vá recidivar ou surgir "de novo".BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC is the most common malignant tumor located in the eyelid and there is a possibility of recurrent tumor after excision. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to evaluate the features related to recidive basal cell carcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective survey was done at Botucatu School of Medicine - UNESP, from 1998 to 2001. A total of 23 patients presented recidive basal cell carcinoma. The patients were studied according to sex, age, solar exposure, tumor localization, histological presentation, resection margins and follow up. RESULTS: Recidive BCC occurred in Caucasians, mostly in females (52.0%, all in the lower eyelid, mainly in the internal canthus

TUMOR DE MASSON DE CAVIDAD ORAL: PRESENTACIONES CLÍNICAS

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ENRIQUE COSCARÓN-BLANCO

2018-05-01

malignos, principalmente el angiosarcoma, del que se distingue por su encapsulamiento, buena delimitación y la ausencia de atipias celulares. El tratamiento es quirúrgico, requiriendo excisión completa amplia así como suprimir los factores irritantes. En nuestros pacientes, una vez identificado el origen del sangrado, se realizó resección simple del tumor inyectando previamente habones de suero fisiológico perilesionales para reducir su vascularización y utilizando electrocauterio mediante pinza bipolar sin incidencias y sin recidiva.  CONCLUSIÓN : El tumor de Masson es una curiosidad que raramente da lugar a situaciones de riesgo como las descritas, pero que debe ser diagnosticada correctamente y diferenciada de otros tumores vasculares. La sospecha de etiología irritativa-traumática, como en estos pacientes por su relación con prótesis dental en el primero y mordidas en la segunda es clara. Deben evitarse traumatismos repetidos que puedan producir recidivas y sangrados. La exploración ORL minuciosa retirando prótesis y visualizando todos los recovecos de la vía aerodigestiva superior y de la boca en particular ante todo sangrado oral es esencial. 

Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity: what Are we Doing about it? Prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la cardiotoxicidad inducida por quimioterapia: ¿qué estamos haciendo?

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Lázaro de la Cruz Avilés

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Heart disease and malignant tumors are the two leading causes of death in Cuba, with mortality rates of 197,5 and 193,6 per 100 000, respectively, in 2011. In Cienfuegos, malignant tumors were the leading cause of death with a rate of 115,2 followed by heart disease with 102,6 per 100 000 inhabitants. The improvements in the detection and treatment of cancer have led to a new cohort of patients achieving such a long survival that cardiac complications may appear. Unfortunately, the wide knowledge on biochemical pathways involved in cancer targeted therapy has not been accompanied by a parallel understanding of cardiac consequences of their modulation.Las enfermedades del corazón y los tumores malignos constituyen las dos primeras causas de muerte en Cuba, con tasas de mortalidad de 197,5 y 193,6 por 100 000 habitantes, respectivamente, en el año 2011. En Cienfuegos los tumores malignos fueron la primera causa de muerte con una tasa de 115,2 seguida de las enfermedades del corazón con 102,6 por 100 000 habitantes. Las mejoras alcanzadas en la detección y el tratamiento del cáncer han dado origen a una nueva cohorte de pacientes que alcanzan una supervivencia suficiente para que puedan aparecer complicaciones cardíacas derivadas del tratamiento. Lamentablemente, el abundante conocimiento sobre las vías bioquímicas involucradas en el tratamiento dirigido del cáncer no se ha visto acompañado de un conocimiento paralelo de las consecuencias cardíacas de su modulación.

Tumor odontógeno adenomatoide en región mandibular Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in mandibular region

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Ernesto Sánchez Cabrales

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El tumor odontogénico adenomatoide es un tumor poco frecuente derivado del epitelio odontontogénico, que contiene estructuras canaliculares con modificaciones inductivas de intensidad variable en el tejido conjuntivo. Es una lesión de crecimiento lento y poco invasiva pero que se puede asemejar a otras lesiones odontógenas de mayor agresividad como el quiste dentígero y el ameloblastoma entre otros. Su localización clásica (área de caninos superiores nos orienta al diagnóstico y su patrón histológico ductiforme es muy propio de este tumor. Otros tumores que se encuentran dentro de este grupo son el fibroma ameloblástico, el odontoameloblastoma, el quiste odontógeno calcificante y los odontomas compuesto y complejo. Este grupo de lesiones puede o no tener formaciones de tejido duro dental dentro de ellos. Por esta razón, se presenta un paciente con este tipo de tumor, al que se le realizó estudio histopatológico, se revisó la literatura acerca de este tumor odontogénico benigno y sus características clínicas, radiográficas, tratamiento, así como los diagnósticos diferenciales que se deben tener en cuenta.The adenomatoid odontogenic tumor is an uncommon neoplasm derivative of the odontogenic epithelium containing canalicular structures with inductor modifications of variable intensity in the conjunctival tissue. It is a slow growth lesion and no much invasive but that may to be similar to other odontogenic lesions more aggressive including the dentigerous cyst and the ameloblastoma among others. Its classical location (upper canine area guides us to diagnosis and its duct histological pattern is very typical of this tumor. Other tumors included in this group are the ameloblastic fibroma, the ameloblastic odontoma, the calcified odontogenic cyst and composed and complex odontomas. This group of lesions may or not to have formations of hard tissue inside. Thus, authors present the case of a patient presenting with this type of

In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of arctigenin, a lignan from Arctium lappa L., through inhibition on iNOS pathway.

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Zhao, Feng; Wang, Lu; Liu, Ke

2009-04-21

Arctigenin, a bioactive constituent from dried seeds of Arctium lappa L. (Compositae) which has been widely used as a Traditional Chinese Medicine for dispelling wind and heat included in Chinese Pharmacophere, was found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities but its molecular mechanism remains unknown yet. To investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of arctigenin. Cultured macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and THP-1 cells were used for the experiments. Griess assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of arctigenin on the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO). ELISA was used to determine the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The inhibitory effect on the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was tested by colorimetric method. Western blot was used to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2. Arctigenin suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion, including TNF-alpha and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Arctigenin also strongly inhibited the expression of iNOS and iNOS enzymatic activity, whereas the expression of COX-2 and COX-2 enzymatic activity were not affected by arctigenin. These results indicated that potent inhibition on NO, TNF-alpha and IL-6, but not COX-2 expression and COX-2 activity, might constitute the anti-inflammatory mechanism of arctigenin. Arctigenin suppressed the overproduction of NO through down-regulation of iNOS expression and iNOS enzymatic activity in LPS-stimulated macrophage.

Investigating the Role of TNF-α and IFN-γ Activation on the Dynamics of iNOS Gene Expression in LPS Stimulated Macrophages.

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Taha Salim

Full Text Available Macrophage produced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS is known to play a critical role in the proinflammatory response against intracellular pathogens by promoting the generation of bactericidal reactive nitrogen species. Robust and timely production of nitric oxide (NO by iNOS and analogous production of reactive oxygen species are critical components of an effective immune response. In addition to pathogen associated lipopolysaccharides (LPS, iNOS gene expression is dependent on numerous proinflammatory cytokines in the cellular microenvironment of the macrophage, two of which include interferon gamma (IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α. To understand the synergistic effect of IFN-γ and TNF-α activation, and LPS stimulation on iNOS expression dynamics and NO production, we developed a systems biology based mathematical model. Using our model, we investigated the impact of pre-infection cytokine exposure, or priming, on the system. We explored the essentiality of IFN-γ priming to the robustness of initial proinflammatory response with respect to the ability of macrophages to produce reactive species needed for pathogen clearance. Results from our theoretical studies indicated that IFN-γ and subsequent activation of IRF1 are essential in consequential production of iNOS upon LPS stimulation. We showed that IFN-γ priming at low concentrations greatly increases the effector response of macrophages against intracellular pathogens. Ultimately the model demonstrated that although TNF-α contributed towards a more rapid response time, measured as time to reach maximum iNOS production, IFN-γ stimulation was significantly more significant in terms of the maximum expression of iNOS and the concentration of NO produced.

Investigating the Role of TNF-α and IFN-γ Activation on the Dynamics of iNOS Gene Expression in LPS Stimulated Macrophages.

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Salim, Taha; Sershen, Cheryl L; May, Elebeoba E

2016-01-01

Macrophage produced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is known to play a critical role in the proinflammatory response against intracellular pathogens by promoting the generation of bactericidal reactive nitrogen species. Robust and timely production of nitric oxide (NO) by iNOS and analogous production of reactive oxygen species are critical components of an effective immune response. In addition to pathogen associated lipopolysaccharides (LPS), iNOS gene expression is dependent on numerous proinflammatory cytokines in the cellular microenvironment of the macrophage, two of which include interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). To understand the synergistic effect of IFN-γ and TNF-α activation, and LPS stimulation on iNOS expression dynamics and NO production, we developed a systems biology based mathematical model. Using our model, we investigated the impact of pre-infection cytokine exposure, or priming, on the system. We explored the essentiality of IFN-γ priming to the robustness of initial proinflammatory response with respect to the ability of macrophages to produce reactive species needed for pathogen clearance. Results from our theoretical studies indicated that IFN-γ and subsequent activation of IRF1 are essential in consequential production of iNOS upon LPS stimulation. We showed that IFN-γ priming at low concentrations greatly increases the effector response of macrophages against intracellular pathogens. Ultimately the model demonstrated that although TNF-α contributed towards a more rapid response time, measured as time to reach maximum iNOS production, IFN-γ stimulation was significantly more significant in terms of the maximum expression of iNOS and the concentration of NO produced.

Enfermedad de Hashimoto

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Hernando Latorre

1956-01-01

Full Text Available Se describe un caso de enfermedad de hashimoto en una enferma de 47 años y se hacen algunos comentarios sobre la interpretación y relaciones de esta entidad con el coto de riedel y el coto linfadenoide. La lesión al examen clínico simuló un tumor maligno de tiroides, diagnóstico con el cual fue remitido el órgano al laboratorio de anatomía patológica.

Qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical

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Goulart, Débora Moura Miranda

2012-01-01

Introdução: O câncer de próstata (CaP) é entre os homens o segundo tumor maligno mais prevalente e a segunda neoplasia em causa de morte. Duas características são peculiares: a incidência aumenta com a idade e o caráter indolente na maioria dos casos. Estudos sobre o CaP são relevantes frente à elevada incidência e às altas taxas de cura quando há o diagnóstico em fases iniciais. A prostatectomia radical (PR) é o padrão ouro em tumores localizados. Como complicações cirúrgicas destacam-se,...

Inmunoterapia del cáncer: Importancia de controlar la inmunosupresión

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Mariana Malvicini

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Es cada vez mayor la evidencia experimental y clínica de que el sistema inmunitario interviene activamente en la patogénesis y el control de la progresión tumoral. Una respuesta antitumoral efectiva depende de la correcta interacción de varios componentes del sistema inmunitario, como las células presentadoras de antígeno y diferentes sub-poblaciones de linfocitos T. Sin embargo, los tumores malignos desarrollan numerosos mecanismos para evadir el reconocimiento y su eliminación por parte del sistema inmunitario. En esta revisión discutiremos algunos de esos mecanismos y posibles estrategias terapéuticas para contrarrestarlos.

Distribución geográfica de algunos tumores malignos en Cuba

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Ramos González, Mylene María

2009-01-01

El cáncer es uno de los fenómenos más complejos de la naturaleza y resulta desde el punto de vista médico una enfermedad muy difícil de abordar por la amplia multicausalidad que incide en su origen, la complejidad de sus mecanismos patogénicos y la variedad de formas y tipos de cáncer que pueden originarse en el ser humano. Esta enfermedad constituye un problema de salud a nivel mundial. Ha sido ampliamente reconocida la importancia del conocimiento de la distribución geográfica de esta enfer...

Melanoma maligno em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis albinos

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Maria Cecília Florisbal Damé

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Descrevem-se melanomas múltiplos em dois búfalos albinos da raça Murrah no Sul do Brasil. Macroscopicamente havia múltiplos tumores enegrecidos no músculo esquelético, pulmões, linfonodos, saco pericárdio, cápsula renal, mediastino e pleura. Microscopicamente foram observadas células epitelióides poliédricas dispostas em ninhos sólidos ou fascículos entrelaçados sustentadas por um estroma colagenoso fino e esparso. O citoplasma era eosinofílico e por vezes continham quantidades variáveis de pigmento de melanina. A taxa de mitose foi baixa. Na imuno-histoquímica houve imunomarcação positiva utilizando anticorpo anti-tirosinase, anti-Melan-A, anti-vimentina, anti-proteína S-100 e antineurofilamento. É possível que o polimorfismo relacionado com o gene da pigmentação em búfalos albinos tenha contribuído para o maior risco de desenvolvimento de melanomas, como foi sugerido em humanos.

Astrocinoma pilocytic maligno. A purpose of two cases

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Castillo, C.; Mañana, G.; Castillo, L.; Delgado, L.

2010-01-01

Malignant transformation of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is an event extremely uncommon (<3%), with only a few cases of malignant AP cerebellar published in the literature. Malignancy can occur de novo or after radiation treatment, the latter being the most frequent cases. the mitoses could be considered as a marker of anaplastic progression for some authors, but not have not been defined clearly where the morphological criteria for identification and distinction of the forms AP streams. In the present study, we describe two cases of patients with cerebellar AP a adult 27 years and a preschool 2 years, which were listed as AP de novo malignancies. Besides AP pilocíticas characteristics figures, the study atypical characters showed pathological increase in cell density and mitosis, cellular pleomorphic and foci of necrosis behavior aggressive clinical histology was consistent with both. The first case presented an early recurrence and rapid clinical progression despite treatment instituted, and died 8 months after diagnosis The second case presented two early tumor recurrence, performing surgery, radiant and systemic, and being now free from progression at 16 months of diagnosis

Mesotelioma maligno: descripción clínica y radiológica de 45 casos con y sin exposición a asbestos

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García-López Ma. del Pilar

2000-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar y caracterizar los principales síntomas, la presentación clínica y las alteraciones radiológicas de pacientes con mesotelioma maligno (MM, admitidos en una institución gubernamental especializada en enfermedades del tórax. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en el cual se revisaron los registros médicos y radiológicos de pacientes diagnosticados con MM, admitidos en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER, en la ciudad de México, de 1991 a 1998. Se incluyeron los siguientes datos: edad, ocupación, exposición a asbestos, latencia, historia familiar en relación con otras neoplasias, sintomatología clínica y alteraciones radiológicas. Se calcularon porcentajes por sexo y grupo de edad. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 45 casos con MM, y en 80% de ellos no se pudo documentar historia exposicional a asbestos. El grupo de edad con mayor frecuencia se encontró entre los 51-60 años. Disnea y dolor torácico fueron los principales síntomas. Las anormalidades radiológicas estuvieron constituidas por derrame y engrosamiento pleural en 75% de los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: La presentación clínica y las anormalidades radiológicas en pacientes con MM sin historia de exposición a asbestos fueron similares a las de los pacientes con antecedentes de exposición a asbestos.

Modelo experimental de tumor de Walker Walker’s tumoral experimental model

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Sandra Pedroso de Moraes

2000-12-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de padronizar normas técnicas para obtenção de modelo animal com tumor de Walker 256 e de estabelecer o número de células tumorais necessárias para que esse tumor tenha grande porcentagem de pega e longevidade, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de pesquisas em várias áreas da saúde, foi realizado trabalho em duas etapas. Na primeira foram utilizados 120 ratos para treinamento e definição da técnica. Na segunda etapa foram utilizados 84 ratos, sendo estes separados em 7 grupos (G de 12 animais cada. O tumor, na forma ascítica, foi inoculado no tecido celular subcutâneo do dorso dos ratos com os seguintes números de células: GI, 1 x 10(7; GII, 5 x 10(6; GIII, 2,5 x 10(6; GIV, 1 x 10(6; GV, 5 x 10(5; GVI, 3 x 10(5 e GVII, 2 x 10(5. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de pega e a longevidade nos grupos. Os animais dos GI, GII, GIII e GIV obtiveram 100% de desenvolvimento tumoral, porém baixa longevidade. Os dos GV e GVI obtiveram desenvolvimento tumoral em frequência maior que 90% e longevidade satisfatória. Os do GVII não apresentaram desenvolvimento tumoral. Concluiu-se que todos os procedimentos devem ser exaustivamente treinados e que o número de células tumorais viáveis para inoculação, em tecido celular subcutâneo de ratos, deve estar na faixa entre 5 x 10(5 e 3 x 10(5.The aim of this work was standardize technical norms to obtain a model of Walker 256 tumor in animals and get the tumorous cells number needed to increase the tumorous join percentage and longevity, it makes possible the research development in several health areas. The work was realized in two stages. In first were used 120 rats to crew’s training and technicals definitions. In second stage were used 84 rats, these separated in 7 groups (G with 12 animals each one. The tumor, in ascitic form was inoculated on subcutaneous cellular tissue on dorsal of rats with the follow number of cells : GI, 1 x 10(7; GII, 5 x 10(6; GIII, 2,5 x 10(6; GIV, 1

AVALIAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DE CÃES COM NEOPLASIAS ORAIS ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL DE CLÍNICAS VETERINÁRIAS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE DOGS WITH ORAL TUMORS ATTENDED IN THE VETERINARY HOSPITAL OF FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL

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Ruben Cavalcanti

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Os tumores orais em cães representam cerca de 6% de todas as neoplasias dessa espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo epidemiológico dos cães com tumores orais atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul durante o período de julho de 2003 a julho de 2007. Realizou-se a pesquisa nos arquivos do Laboratório de Histopatologia e nas fichas clínicas dos animais, para avaliação de dados como raça, sexo, idade e o tipo histológico dos tumores. Procedeu-se à análise de 79 cães, dentre os quais 39 (49,37% eram machos e 40 (50,63% eram fêmeas, com idades variando entre um e dezesseis anos (média de 7,7 anos. Os cães mais acometidos foram os sem raça definida, com dezesseis casos (19,76%, seguido pela raça Poodle, com doze casos (14,82%. As neoplasias malignas representaram 50,63% dos casos e as benignas 49,37%%. Os tumores mais comumente encontrados foram o melanoma e o épulis acantomatoso, com dezenove casos cada (23,46%, seguidos pelo fibrossarcoma e o épulis fibromatoso, com nove casos cada (11,11%, plasmocitoma com oito casos (9,88%, ameloblastoma com quatro casos (4,94%, carcinoma epidermoide e osteossarcoma com três casos cada (3,7%. Por meio deste estudo, verificou-se que os tumores malignos apresentam uma maior incidência, e os tipos histológicos mais frequentes foram o melanoma, o fibrossarcoma, o épulis acantomatoso e fibromatoso.
 
PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Câncer, cães, tumores orais. Oral tumors reach about 6% of all the neoplasm in dogs. The objective of this research was to form an epidemiological study on dogs with oral tumors that have been treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Federal University of rio Grande do Sul from July 2003 to July 2007. The research was conducted within the archives of the histopathology laboratory, using the animals’ clinical files, in which they had been categorized by breed, sex, age and the tumors�

Estudo clínico epidemiológico de quistos e tumores odontogénicos numa população hospitalar

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Santiago, Ana Catarina de Almeida

2014-01-01

Os quistos e tumores maxilares, em particular os odontogénicos, representam um conjunto de patologias que surgem na cavidade oral sob variadas manifestações clinicas e imagiológicas. Podem conduzir a graves sequelas, desde deformações faciais até transformação maligna. O estudo retrospetivo realizado estudou as características clinico epidemiológicas dos Quistos e Tumores Odontogénicos e o impacto dos queratoquistos nos Tumores Odontogénicos, segundo a classificação da OMS de 2005. Selecionar...

Metástasis cutánea de carcinoma mamario: cáncer de mama en coraza. Revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso

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Lidia Torres Aja

2012-09-01

Full Text Available En la evolución clínica de los tumores malignos, entre el 1 y el 10,4 % de estos se presentan metástasis cutáneas, por lo que se considera su presencia sinónimo de enfermedad rápidamente progresiva con bajos índices de supervivencia. En los varones, el tumor que más suele producirlas es el de pulmón y en las mujeres, el de mama. Es poco frecuente que la metástasis en la piel sea la primera manifestación del tumor, y es el carcinoma de mama el que con mayor frecuencia da lugar a esta eventualidad. En el caso que se presenta fue la metástasis en la piel la primera manifestación del tumor primario de mama subyacente.

Glioma-secreted soluble factors stimulate microglial activation: The role of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α.

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Hwang, Ji-Sun; Jung, Eun-Hye; Kwon, Mi-Youn; Han, Inn-Oc

2016-09-15

We aimed to elucidate the effect of soluble factors secreted by glioma on microglial activation. Conditioned medium (CM) from glioma cells, CRT-MG and C6, significantly induced nitric oxide (NO) production and stimulated the mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in BV2 cells. Glioma CM stimulated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, and a p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, suppressed CM-induced NO production in BV2 cells. In addition, CM stimulated nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) DNA binding and transcriptional activity, which was repressed by SB203580. Gliomas displayed higher mRNA expression and release of TNF-α and IL-1β than primary astrocyte cells. Neutralization of TNF-α and IL-1β in C6-CM using a neutralizing antibody inhibited NO/iNOS expression in BV-2 cells. These results indicate potential contribution of diffusible tumor-derived factors to regulate microglial activation and subsequent tumor microenvironment. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Efecto de la radioterapia en glándulas salivales accesorias.

OpenAIRE

Pérez Fernández, Carmen Aránzazu

2005-01-01

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las alteraciones que las radiaciones ionizantes producen sobre las glándulas salivales accesorias labiales. En nuestro estudio se seleccionaron sujetos diagnosticados de un tumor maligno de cabeza y cuello que iban a recibir radioterapia dentro de su tratamiento, incluyendo los labios dentro del campo de irradiación. Se evaluó la secreción salival y las alteraciones morfológicas de las glándulas en el momento del diagnóstico...

Osteonecrosis de los maxilares y bifosfonatos : revisión

OpenAIRE

Bongiovanni, Isabel

2012-01-01

La osteonecrosis de los maxilares es la necrosis y exposición del hueso de la mandíbula y el maxilar, asociada al consumo de bifosfonatos. Estos son una familia de drogas que se utiliza en el tratamiento de alteraciones óseas causadas principalmente por tumores malignos (mama y próstata) y osteoporosis. No existe irradiación previa. El hueso macroscópicamente se ve sucio avascular. El objetivo de este artículo es profundizar el conoc...

Carcinoma de células fusiformes de esôfago: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

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Yanaga Ricardo Hideki

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Lesões malignas do esôfago, excluindo-se carcinomas escamocelulares e adenocarcinomas, são bastante incomuns. Os autores relatam um caso de carcinoma de células fusiformes de esôfago. É um tumor maligno raro caracterizado por volumosa massa lobulada no terço médio do esôfago, que causa relativamente pequena obstrução apesar do seu volume. Em seguida é apresentada revisão da literatura sobre o assunto.

Multifaceted NOS Instruction: Contextualizing Nature of Science with Documentary Films

Science.gov (United States)

Bloom, Mark; Binns, Ian C.; Koehler, Catherine

2015-01-01

This research focuses on inservice science teachers' conceptions of nature of science (NOS) before and after a two-week intensive summer professional development (PD). The PD combined traditional explicit NOS instruction, numerous interactive interventions that highlighted NOS aspects, along with documentary films that portrayed NOS in context of…

Identification of hamster inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoter sequences that influence basal and inducible iNOS expression

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Saldarriaga, Omar A.; Travi, Bruno L.; Choudhury, Goutam Ghosh; Melby, Peter C.

2012-01-01

IFN-γ/LPS-activated hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) macrophages express significantly less iNOS (NOS2) than activated mouse macrophages, which contributes to the hamster's susceptibility to intracellular pathogens. We determined a mechanism responsible for differences in iNOS promoter activity in hamsters and mice. The HtPP (1.2 kb) showed low basal and inducible promoter activity when compared with the mouse, and sequences within a 100-bp region (−233 to −133) of the mouse and hamster promoters influenced this activity. Moreover, within this 100 bp, we identified a smaller region (44 bp) in the mouse promoter, which recovered basal promoter activity when swapped into the hamster promoter. The mouse homolog (100-bp region) contained a cis-element for NF-IL-6 (−153/−142), which was absent in the hamster counterpart. EMSA and supershift assays revealed that the hamster sequence did not support the binding of NF-IL-6. Introduction of a functional NF-IL-6 binding sequence into the hamster promoter or its alteration in the mouse promoter revealed the critical importance of this transcription factor for full iNOS promoter activity. Furthermore, the binding of NF-IL-6 to the iNOS promoter (−153/−142) in vivo was increased in mouse cells but was reduced in hamster cells after IFN-γ/LPS stimulation. Differences in the activity of the iNOS promoters were evident in mouse and hamster cells, so they were not merely a result of species-specific differences in transcription factors. Thus, we have identified unique DNA sequences and a critical transcription factor, NF-IL-6, which contribute to the overall basal and inducible expression of hamster iNOS. PMID:22517919

Effects of IFN-β1a and IFN-β1b treatment on the expression of cytokines, inducible NOS (NOS type II), and myelin proteins in animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lubina-Dąbrowska, Natalia; Stepień, Adam; Sulkowski, Grzegorz; Dąbrowska-Bouta, Beata; Langfort, Józef; Chalimoniuk, Małgorzata

2017-08-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of interferon (IFN)-β1a and IFN-β1b treatment on inflammatory factors and myelin protein levels in the brain cortex of the Lewis rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model of multiple sclerosis. To induce EAE, rat were immunized with inoculums containing spinal cord guinea pig homogenized in phosphate-buffered saline and emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant containing 110 µg of the appropriate antigen in 100 µl of an emulsion and additionally 4-mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra). The rats were treated three times per week with subcutaneous applications of 300,000 units IFN-β1a or IFN-β1b. The treatments were started 8 days prior to immunization and continued until day 14 after immunization. The rats were killed on the 14th day of the experiment. EAE induced dramatic increase in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-concentrations and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in the brain, which closely corresponded to the course of neurological symptoms and the loss of weight. Both IFN-β1b and IFN-β1a treatments inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ), decreased the activation of astrocytes, increased the myelin protein level in the brain cortex, and improved the neurological status of EAE rats by different mechanisms; IFN-β1a reduced iNOS expression, at least in part, by the enhancement of IL-10, while IFN-β1b diminished IL-10 concentration and did not decrease EAE-induced iNOS expression.

St36 electroacupuncture activates nNOS, iNOS and ATP-sensitive potassium channels to promote orofacial antinociception in rats.

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Almeida, R T; Galdino, G; Perez, A C; Silva, G; Romero, T R; Duarte, I D

2017-02-01

Orofacial pain is pain perceived in the face and/or oral cavity, generally caused by diseases or disorders of regional structures, by dysfunction of the nervous system, or through referral from distant sources. Treatment of orofacial pain is mainly pharmacological, but it has increased the number of reports demonstrating great clinical results with the use of non-pharmacological therapies, among them electroacupuncture. However, the mechanisms involved in the electroacupuncture are not well elucidated. Thus, the present study investigate the involvement of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and ATP sensitive K + channels (KATP) in the antinociception induced by electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoint St36. Thermal nociception was applied in the vibrissae region of rats, and latency time for face withdrawal was measured. Electrical stimulation of acupoint St36 for 20 minutes reversed the thermal withdrawal latency and this effect was maintained for 150 min. Intraperitoneal administration of specific inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and a KATP channels blocker reversed the antinociception induced by EA. Furthermore, nitrite concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma, increased 4 and 3-fold higher, respectively, after EA. This study suggests that NO participates of antinociception induced by EA by nNOS, iNOS and ATP-sensitive K + channels activation.

Tendencias de mortalidad en población adulta, Medellín, 1994-2003

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Doris Cardona

2007-09-01

Conclusiones. La mortalidad de la población adulta presenta diferencias según sexo y edad, estando en condiciones más desventajosas la población masculina frente a la femenina, de fallecer por causas externas en edades más tempranas de la vida, y los de mayor edad principalmente las mujeres, por el incremento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y los tumores malignos, que representan un problema de salud pública por el alto costo humano y económico que generan.

Obesity, inflammation, and exercise training: relative contribution of iNOS and eNOS in the modulation of vascular function in the mouse aorta

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Josiane Fernandes da Silva

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Background - The understanding of obsesity-related vascular dysfunction remains controversial mainly because of the diseases associated with vascular injury. Exercise training is known to prevent vascular dysfunction. Using an obesity model without comorbidities, we aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of vascular dysfunction and how exercise interferes with this process.Methods - High-sugar diet was used to induce obesity in mice. Exercise training was performed 5 days/week. Body weight, energy intake, and adipose tissues were assessed; blood metabolic and hormonal parameters were determined; and serum TNFα was measured. Blood pressure and heart rate were assessed by plethysmography. Changes in aortic isometric tension were recorded on myograph. Western blot was used to analyze protein expression. Nitric oxide (NO was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were used for inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform (iNOS knockdown.Results - Body weight, fat mass, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fraction, insulin, and leptin were higher in the sedentary obese group (SD than in the sedentary control animals (SS. Exercise training prevented these changes. No difference in glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and heart rate was found. Decreased vascular relaxation and reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS functioning in the SD group were prevented by exercise. Contractile response to phenylephrine was decreased in the aortas of the wild SD mice, compared with that of the SS group; however, no alteration was noted in the SD iNOS-/- animals. The decreased contractility was endothelium-dependent, and was reverted by iNOS inhibition or iNOS silencing. The aortas from the SD group showed increased basal NO production, serum TNFα, TNF receptor-1, and phospho-IκB. Exercise training attenuated iNOS-dependent reduction in contractile response in high-sugar diet�

Zinc regulates iNOS-derived nitric oxide formation in endothelial cells

Science.gov (United States)

Cortese-Krott, Miriam M.; Kulakov, Larissa; Opländer, Christian; Kolb-Bachofen, Victoria; Kröncke, Klaus-D.; Suschek, Christoph V.

2014-01-01

Aberrant production of nitric oxide (NO) by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. Mechanisms responsible for the fine-tuning of iNOS activity in inflammation are still not fully understood. Zinc is an important structural element of NOS enzymes and is known to inhibit its catalytical activity. In this study we aimed to investigate the effects of zinc on iNOS activity and expression in endothelial cells. We found that zinc down-regulated the expression of iNOS (mRNA+protein) and decreased cytokine-mediated activation of the iNOS promoter. Zinc-mediated regulation of iNOS expression was due to inhibition of NF-κB transactivation activity, as determined by a decrease in both NF-κB-driven luciferase reporter activity and expression of NF-κB target genes, including cyclooxygenase 2 and IL-1β. However, zinc did not affect NF-κB translocation into the nucleus, as assessed by Western blot analysis of nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions. Taken together our results demonstrate that zinc limits iNOS-derived high output NO production in endothelial cells by inhibiting NF-κB-dependent iNOS expression, pointing to a role of zinc as a regulator of iNOS activity in inflammation. PMID:25180171

EVALUATION OF LYMPHATIC SPREAD, VISCERAL METASTASIS AND TUMORAL LOCAL INVASION IN ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMAS.

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Tustumi, Francisco; Kimura, Cintia Mayumi Sakurai; Takeda, Flavio Roberto; Sallum, Rubens Antônio Aissar; Ribeiro-Junior, Ulysses; Cecconello, Ivan

2016-01-01

ática e invasão local dos carcinomas esofágicos, de acordo com a topografia e o tipo histológico do tumor. Pacientes com diagnóstico de carcinoma espinocelular de esôfago (n=444) e adenocarcinoma de esôfago (n=105) foram retrospectivamente analisados. Foram divididos em quatro grupos: adenocarcinoma e carcinoma espinocelular do segmento cervical, médio e distal. Tais grupos foram comparados baseando-se em tomografias computadorizadas realizadas no momento do diagnóstico. Disseminação linfonodal mostrou grande associação com topografia do tumor. Linfonodos do ligamento hepatogástrico, perigástricos e peripancreáticos foram acometidos principalmente por tumores de esôfago distal; linfonodos periaórticos, interaortocavais, portocavais no carcinoma espinocelular de esôfago distal; e linfonodos subcarinais, paratraqueais, subaórticos nos tumores de esôfago médio. Cadeias cervicais foram acometidas por espinocelulares cervicais. Adenocarcinoma teve maior frequência de acometimento peritoneal (11,8%) e hepático (24,5%) do que carcinoma espinocelular. Considerando invasão tumoral local, quanto mais cranial a neoplasia, mais comum a invasão do espinocelular em vias aéreas, chegando à incidência de 64,7% nos tumores cervicais. Tumores de esôfago médio invadem mais frequentemente aorta (27,6%) e tumores de esôfago distal, o pericárdio e átrio direito (10,4%). Adenocarcinoma e carcinoma espinocelular de esôfago em diferentes topografias apresentam peculiaridades na disseminação linfática, metástases à distância e invasão local do tumor. Tais diferenças devem ser consideradas no manejo do paciente com carcinoma esofágico.

Inguinal lymph node as the only evidence of progressive lung cancer

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Zafer Kocak

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Abstact: Tumours that metastasise to groin nodes most frequently originate in genital and reproductive organs, skin, rectum or anus, or urinary bladder1,2. However, rare cases of inguinal metastases from tumours above the diaphragm have been reported2-5 and only three of them had an inguinal metastasis which was recognised antemortem and reported in detail in the English medical literature3-5. The primary tumours of these cases were malignant mesothelioma, salivary duct and breast carcinoma. In this paper, we report a case of carcinoma of the lung metastatic to an inguinal lymph node as the only evidence of progressive lung cancer. Resumo: Os tumores que metastizam para os gânglios inguinais têm frequentemente origem nos órgãos genitais e reprodutores, na pele, no recto ou ânus, ou na bexiga1,2. Há, no entanto, algumas descrições de casos raros de metástases inguinais de tumores localizados acima do diafragma2-5, e apenas três destes apresentavam uma metástase inguinal reconhecida antes da morte. Estes casos estão detalhadamente descritos na literatura médica de língua inglesa3-5. Os tumores primários destes casos eram mesotelioma maligno e carcinomas do conduto salivar e da mama. Descrevemos um caso de carcinoma do pulmão que metastizou para gânglio inguinal, como única evidência de cancro do pulmão progressivo. Key-words: Non-small cell lung carcinoma, inguinal lymph node, metastasis, disease progression, Palavras-chave: Carcinoma do pulmão de não pequenas células, gânglio inguinal, metástase, progressão da doença

Rabdomiosarcoma de oído en el niño

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Esther Villavicencio Cordobés

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los sarcomas de partes blandas son un grupo heterogéneo de tumores que se denominan así porque se originan en las estructuras que soportan el cuerpo o envuelven los órganos y tejidos. Dentro de los sarcomas de tejidos blandos, se encuentra el rabdomiosarcoma, que es la variedad más frecuente en Pediatría. A pesar de ser tumores raros, representan aproximadamente el 3 % de los tumores malignos pediátricos. Cuando se presentan, se localizan, en su mayoría, en la cabeza y el cuello, la vejiga, las vías biliares y la vagina. La localización en el oído medio es muy infrecuente. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es presentar el caso de una paciente con esta localización del tumor, su evolución, y realizar una revisión del tema.

High BMI levels associate with reduced mRNA expression of IL10 and increased mRNA expression of iNOS (NOS2) in human frontal cortex

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lauridsen, J K; Olesen, R H; Vendelbo, J

2017-01-01

analysis was performed with BMI as variable on data on IL10, IL1β, IL6, PTGS2 (COX2) and NOS2 (iNOS). Increasing BMI is associated with a decrease in the mRNA expression of IL10 (P=0.014) and an increase in the expression of NOS2 (iNOS; P=0.040). Expressions of IL10 and NOS2 (iNOS) were negatively...... correlated (PIL10 was mostly affected by individuals with BMI ⩾40. Multiple linear regression analyses with BMI, age, sex and race as variables were performed in order to identify potential confounders. In conclusion, increasing BMI could affect the IL10-mediated anti...

Zinc regulates iNOS-derived nitric oxide formation in endothelial cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miriam M. Cortese-Krott

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Aberrant production of nitric oxide (NO by inducible NO synthase (iNOS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. Mechanisms responsible for the fine-tuning of iNOS activity in inflammation are still not fully understood. Zinc is an important structural element of NOS enzymes and is known to inhibit its catalytical activity. In this study we aimed to investigate the effects of zinc on iNOS activity and expression in endothelial cells. We found that zinc down-regulated the expression of iNOS (mRNA+protein and decreased cytokine-mediated activation of the iNOS promoter. Zinc-mediated regulation of iNOS expression was due to inhibition of NF-κB transactivation activity, as determined by a decrease in both NF-κB-driven luciferase reporter activity and expression of NF-κB target genes, including cyclooxygenase 2 and IL-1β. However, zinc did not affect NF-κB translocation into the nucleus, as assessed by Western blot analysis of nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions. Taken together our results demonstrate that zinc limits iNOS-derived high output NO production in endothelial cells by inhibiting NF-κB-dependent iNOS expression, pointing to a role of zinc as a regulator of iNOS activity in inflammation.

Melanoma NOS1 expression promotes dysfunctional IFN signaling.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Qiuzhen; Tomei, Sara; Ascierto, Maria Libera; De Giorgi, Valeria; Bedognetti, Davide; Dai, Cuilian; Uccellini, Lorenzo; Spivey, Tara; Pos, Zoltan; Thomas, Jaime; Reinboth, Jennifer; Murtas, Daniela; Zhang, Qianbing; Chouchane, Lotfi; Weiss, Geoffrey R; Slingluff, Craig L; Lee, Peter P; Rosenberg, Steven A; Alter, Harvey; Yao, Kaitai; Wang, Ena; Marincola, Francesco M

2014-05-01

In multiple forms of cancer, constitutive activation of type I IFN signaling is a critical consequence of immune surveillance against cancer; however, PBMCs isolated from cancer patients exhibit depressed STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IFN-α, suggesting IFN signaling dysfunction. Here, we demonstrated in a coculture system that melanoma cells differentially impairs the IFN-α response in PBMCs and that the inhibitory potential of a particular melanoma cell correlates with NOS1 expression. Comparison of gene transcription and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) between melanoma cells from different patients indicated that suppression of IFN-α signaling correlates with an amplification of the NOS1 locus within segment 12q22-24. Evaluation of NOS1 levels in melanomas and IFN responsiveness of purified PBMCs from patients indicated a negative correlation between NOS1 expression in melanomas and the responsiveness of PBMCs to IFN-α. Furthermore, in an explorative study, NOS1 expression in melanoma metastases was negatively associated with patient response to adoptive T cell therapy. This study provides a link between cancer cell phenotype and IFN signal dysfunction in circulating immune cells.

Kint3-4 protein from human plasminogen delays Ehrlich tumor growth in mice Efeito da proteína Kint3-4 do plasminogênio humano no crescimento do tumor de Ehrlich

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Cristina Maria de Souza

2011-08-01

crescimento do tumor. Foram analisados o crescimento do tumor e as características histomorfológica e imuno-histoquímica com CDC47 (marcador de proliferação celular e CD31 (marcador de vasos sanguíneos. RESULTADOS: Os animais tratados com a proteína Kint3-4 (150 µg/kg/48 h nos três diferentes protocolos apresentaram menor crescimento do tumor. Áreas de inflamação e tumor também foram reduzidas, avaliadas por exame histológico. Além disso, a menor taxa de proliferação das células tumorais e a baixa densidade de microvasos foram observadas nos animais tratados com proteína Kint3-4 em comparação com o grupocontrole. CONCLUSÃO: A participação da proteína recombinante Kint3-4 na angiogênese tumoral e no controle da proliferação de células malignas abre perspectivas para seu uso no tratamento clínico como antiangiogênico.

Expression of beta-catenin, COX-2 and iNOS in colorectal cancer: relevance of COX-2 adn iNOS inhibitors for treatment in Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Hong, Seok Kwan; Gul, Yunus A; Ithnin, Hairuszah; Talib, Arni; Seow, Heng Fong

2004-01-01

Promising new pharmacological agents and gene therapy targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) could modulate treatment of colorectal cancer in the future. The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression fo beta-catenin and teh presence of COX-2 and iNOS in colorectal cancer specimens in Malaysia. This is a useful prelude to future studies investigating interventions directed towards COX-2 adn iNOS. A cross-section study using retrospective data over a 2-year period (1999-2000) involved 101 archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of colorectal cancers that were surgically resected in a tertiary referral. COX-2 production was detected in adjacent normal tissue in 34 sample (33.7%) and in tumour tissue in 60 samples (59.4%). More tumours expressed iNOS (82/101, 81.2%) than COX-2. No iNOS expression was detected in adjacent normal tissue. Intense beta-catenin immunoreactivity at the cell-to-cell border. Poorly differentiated tumours had significantly lower total beta-catenin (p = 0.009) and COX-2 scores (p = 0.031). No significant relationships were established between pathological stage and beta-catenin, COX-2 and iNOS scores. the accumulation of beta-catenin does not seem to be sufficient to activate pathways that lead to increased COX-2 and iNOS expression. A high proportion of colorectal cancers were found to express COX-2 and a significant number produced iNOS, suggesting that their inhibitors may be potentially useful as chemotherapeutic agents in the management of colorectal cancer.

Cáncer de piel no-melanoma

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Dr. B. Pedro Lobos

2011-11-01

Full Text Available El cáncer de piel no-melanoma incluye principalmente las neoplasias queratinocíticas (carcinoma basocelular y espinocelular y tumores de menor frecuencia tales como: linfomas cutáneos, carcinoma de células de Merkel, sarcoma de Kaposi, angiosarcomas, enfermedad de Paget, e histiocistomas malignos entre otros. En este artículo revisaremos la epidemiología, patogénesis, clínica, histopatología, diagnóstico y modalidades terapéuticas de los dos principales cánceres de la piel no melanoma: basocelular y espinocelular.

Isolamento e caracterização de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas de anexos fetais equinos

OpenAIRE

De Vita, Bruna [UNESP

2011-01-01

O interesse nas pesquisas com células-tronco obtidas dos anexos fetais de diversas espécies aumentou muito nas últimas décadas em virtude de serem fontes de células-tronco adultas com potencial de diferenciação em diversas linhagens celulares, sem riscos de desenvolvimento de tumores malignos ao serem transplantadas e com a vantagem de possibilitar bancos de armazenamento, no entanto, os estudos para espécie equina ainda são escassos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar, caracterizar e difer...

COSTES SANITARIOS DIRECTOS DE LAS NEOPLASIAS DE PULMÓN Y VEJIGA DE ORIGEN LABORAL EN ESPAÑA EN 2008

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Montserrat García Gómez; Rosa Urbanos Garrido; Rosario Castañeda López; Patricia López Menduiña

2012-01-01

Fundamentos: La falta de reconocimiento del origen laboral de algunos tumores malignos conlleva que el coste de su asistencia sanitaria recaiga sobre el Sistema Nacional de Salud. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es conocer el número de procesos atendidos por cáncer de pulmón y vejiga atribuibles al trabajo en España en el Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) en 2008, así como los costes sanitarios derivados de su atención. Métodos: El número de procesos se estimó aplicando las fracciones atribuible...

Cáncer de piel no-melanoma

OpenAIRE

Pedro Lobos, B.; Andrea Lobos, S.

2011-01-01

El cáncer de piel no-melanoma incluye principalmente las neoplasias queratinocíticas (carcinoma basocelular y espinocelular) y tumores de menor frecuencia tales como: linfomas cutáneos, carcinoma de células de Merkel, sarcoma de Kaposi, angiosarcomas, enfermedad de Paget, e histiocistomas malignos entre otros. En este artículo revisaremos la epidemiología, patogénesis, clínica, histopatología, diagnóstico y modalidades terapéuticas de los dos principales cánceres de la piel no melanoma: basoc...

High BMI levels associate with reduced mRNA expression of IL10 and increased mRNA expression of iNOS (NOS2) in human frontal cortex

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lauridsen, J K; Olesen, R H; Vendelbo, J

2017-01-01

unknown. Therefore we aim to examine the relationship between BMI and gene expression of central inflammatory markers in the human frontal cortex. Microarray data of 141 neurologically and psychiatrically healthy individuals were obtained through the BrainCloud database. A simple linear regression...... correlated (Plinear regression analyses with BMI, age, sex and race as variables were performed in order to identify potential confounders. In conclusion, increasing BMI could affect the IL10-mediated anti...... analysis was performed with BMI as variable on data on IL10, IL1β, IL6, PTGS2 (COX2) and NOS2 (iNOS). Increasing BMI is associated with a decrease in the mRNA expression of IL10 (P=0.014) and an increase in the expression of NOS2 (iNOS; P=0.040). Expressions of IL10 and NOS2 (iNOS) were negatively...

Effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitor pretreatment on nitric oxide production, nNOS and iNOS expression in rat cerebellum.

Science.gov (United States)

Di Girolamo, G; Farina, M; Riberio, M L; Ogando, D; Aisemberg, J; de los Santos, A R; Martí, M L; Franchi, A M

2003-07-01

1. The therapeutic effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is thought to be due mainly to its inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, but there is a growing body of research that now demonstrates a variety of NSAIDs effects on cellular signal transduction pathways other than those involving prostaglandins. 2. Nitric oxide (NO) as a free radical and an agent that gives rise to highly toxic oxidants (peroxynitrile, nitric dioxide, nitron ion), becomes a cause of neuronal damage and death in some brain lesions such as Parkinson and Alzheimer disease, and Huntington's chorea. 3. In the present study, the in vivo effect of three NSAIDs (lysine clonixinate (LC), indomethacine (INDO) and meloxicam (MELO)) on NO production and nitric oxide synthase expression in rat cerebellar slices was analysed. Rats were treated with (a) saline, (b) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 mg kg(-1), i.p.), (c) saline in combination with different doses of NSAIDs and (d) LPS in combination with different doses of NSAIDs and then killed 6 h after treatment. 4. NO synthesis, evaluated by Bred and Snyder technique, was increased by LPS. This augmentation was inhibited by coadministration of the three NSAIDs assayed. None of the NSAIDs tested was able to modify control NO synthesis. 5. Expression of iNOS and neural NOS (nNOS) was detected by Western blotting in control and LPS-treated rats. LC and INDO, but not MELO, were able to inhibit the expression of these enzymes. 6. Therefore, reduction of iNOS and nNOS levels in cerebellum may explain, in part, the anti-inflammatory effect of these NSAIDs and may also have importance in the prevention of NO-mediated neuronal injury.

The protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN/DLC1/LC8) binding does not inhibit the NADPH-dependent heme reduction in nNOS, a key step in NO synthesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parhad, Swapnil S.; Jaiswal, Deepa; Ray, Krishanu; Mazumdar, Shyamalava

2016-01-01

The neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is an essential enzyme involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a potent neurotransmitter. Although previous studies have indicated that the dynein light chain 1 (DLC1) binding to nNOS could inhibit the NO synthesis, the claim is challenged by contradicting reports. Thus, the mechanism of nNOS regulation remained unclear. nNOS has a heme-bearing, Cytochrome P450 core, and the functional enzyme is a dimer. The electron flow from NADPH to Flavin, and finally to the heme of the paired nNOS subunit within a dimer, is facilitated upon calmodulin (CaM) binding. Here, we show that DLC1 binding to nNOS-CaM complex does not affect the electron transport from the reductase to the oxygenase domain. Therefore, it cannot inhibit the rate of NADPH-dependent heme reduction in nNOS, which results in L-Arginine oxidation. Also, the NO release activity does not decrease with increasing DLC1 concentration in the reaction mix, which further confirmed that DLC1 does not inhibit nNOS activity. These findings suggest that the DLC1 binding may have other implications for the nNOS function in the cell. - Highlights: • The effect of interaction of nNOS with DLC1 has been debatable with contradicting reports in literature. • Purified DLC1 has no effect on electron transport between reductase and oxygenase domain of purified nNOS-CaM. • The NO release activity of nNOS was not altered by DLC1, supporting that DLC1 does not inhibit the enzyme. • These findings suggest that the DLC1 binding may have other implications for the nNOS function in the cell.

The protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN/DLC1/LC8) binding does not inhibit the NADPH-dependent heme reduction in nNOS, a key step in NO synthesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Parhad, Swapnil S. [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005 (India); Jaiswal, Deepa [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005 (India); TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, 21 Brundavan Colony, Narsingi, Hyderabad 500075 (India); Ray, Krishanu, E-mail: krishanu@tifr.res.in [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005 (India); Mazumdar, Shyamalava, E-mail: shyamal@tifr.res.in [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005 (India)

2016-03-25

The neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is an essential enzyme involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a potent neurotransmitter. Although previous studies have indicated that the dynein light chain 1 (DLC1) binding to nNOS could inhibit the NO synthesis, the claim is challenged by contradicting reports. Thus, the mechanism of nNOS regulation remained unclear. nNOS has a heme-bearing, Cytochrome P450 core, and the functional enzyme is a dimer. The electron flow from NADPH to Flavin, and finally to the heme of the paired nNOS subunit within a dimer, is facilitated upon calmodulin (CaM) binding. Here, we show that DLC1 binding to nNOS-CaM complex does not affect the electron transport from the reductase to the oxygenase domain. Therefore, it cannot inhibit the rate of NADPH-dependent heme reduction in nNOS, which results in L-Arginine oxidation. Also, the NO release activity does not decrease with increasing DLC1 concentration in the reaction mix, which further confirmed that DLC1 does not inhibit nNOS activity. These findings suggest that the DLC1 binding may have other implications for the nNOS function in the cell. - Highlights: • The effect of interaction of nNOS with DLC1 has been debatable with contradicting reports in literature. • Purified DLC1 has no effect on electron transport between reductase and oxygenase domain of purified nNOS-CaM. • The NO release activity of nNOS was not altered by DLC1, supporting that DLC1 does not inhibit the enzyme. • These findings suggest that the DLC1 binding may have other implications for the nNOS function in the cell.

iNOS inhibits hair regeneration in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice.

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Sasaki, Mari; Shinozaki, Shohei; Morinaga, Hironobu; Kaneki, Masao; Nishimura, Emi; Shimokado, Kentaro

2018-07-02

Previous studies have shown that androgenic alopecia is associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. However, the detailed mechanism whereby diabetes causes alopecia still remains unclear. We focused on the inflammatory response that is caused by diabetes or obesity, given that inflammation is a risk factor for hair loss. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is known to be upregulated under conditions of acute or chronic inflammation. To clarify the potential role of iNOS in diabetes-related alopecia, we generated obese diabetic iNOS-deficient (ob/ob; iNOS-KO mice). We observed that ob/ob; iNOS-KO mice were potentiated for the transition from telogen (rest phase) to anagen (growth phase) in the hair cycle compared with iNOS-proficient ob/ob mice. To determine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the hair cycle, we administered an iNOS inhibitor intraperitoneally (compound 1400 W, 10 mg/kg) or topically (10% aminoguanidine) in ob/ob mice. We observed that iNOS inhibitors promoted anagen transition in ob/ob mice. Next, we administered an NO donor (S-nitrosoglutathione, GSNO), to test whether NO has the telogen elongation effects. The NO donor was sufficient to induce telogen elongation in wild-type mice. Together, our data indicate that iNOS-derived NO plays a role in telogen elongation under the inflammatory conditions associated with diabetes in mice. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Neocryptotanshinone inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages by suppression of NF-κB and iNOS signaling pathways

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Chuanhong Wu

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Neocryptotanshinone (NCTS is a natural product isolated from traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. In this study, we investigated its anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage (RAW264.7 cells. MTT results showed that NCTS partly reversed LPS-induced cytotoxicity. Real-time PCR results showed that NCTS suppressed LPS-induced mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα, interleukin-6 (IL-6 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β. Moreover, NCTS could decrease LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO production. Western blotting results showed that NCTS could down-regulate LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, p-IκBα, p-IKKβ and p-NF-κB p65 without affecting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2. In addition, NCTS inhibited LPS-induced p-NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that NCTS showed anti-inflammatory effect by suppression of NF-κB and iNOS signaling pathways.

Perfil de expressão das metaloproteinases de matriz (MMPs) e seus inibidores (TIMPs e RECK) em tumores odontogênicos benignos

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Fábio César Prosdócimi

2013-01-01

Os tumores odontogênicos benignos compreendem um grupo de neoplasias originárias dos tecidos dentários. Pesquisas vêm buscando identificar moléculas envolvidas nos mecanismos moleculares que regulam a remodelação da matriz extracelular (MEC) e como isto influencia no comportamento localmente invasivo presente em alguns destes tumores. A Transição Epitélio-Mesenquimal (TEM conversão do fenótipo epitelial em mesenquimal) é bem caracterizada em diversos carcinomas, culminando em mestástase. MMP...

INTRAOCULAR TRANSMISSIBLE VENEREAL TUMOR IN A DOG TUMOR VENÉREO TRANSMISSÍVEL INTRA-OCULAR EM CÃO

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Geórgia Nadalini Rodrigues

2001-02-01

Full Text Available Canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT is a round cell neoplasm occurring on the external genital mucosa of male and female dogs. Transmission is by cell implantation during coitus, licking, or other interaction between an affected dog and a susceptible host. Metastasis of the tumor rarely occurs. This report describes an unusual presentation of TVT with intraocular involvement and inguinal lymph nodes metastasis. The subject was a six-year-old, intact, male, Brazilian Terrier dog with a history of abnormal masses in the right eye, penis and several subcutaneous nodules in the inguinal area. Histopathological examination of the eye specimens as well as cytologic examination of penile mass and subcutaneous nodules revealed similar findings. The examination revealed round cells containing a large nuclei with prominent, central located nucleoli and a pale cytoplasm containing few small, clear round vacuoles. Histologically, the subcutaneous nodules in the inguinal area were lymph nodes. The diagnosis of TVT with intraocular involvement and lymph nodes metastasis was based on clinical, cytologic and histopathologic findings.Tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT é uma neoplasia de células redondas que acomete a mucosa genital externa de cães, machos e fêmeas. A transmissão decorre da implantação de células tumorais durante o coito, brigas ou interações entre animais portadores e susceptíveis. Existem relatos referindo-se a localizações atípicas do TVT, mas metástases raramente ocorrem. O presente relato descreve um caso incomum de TVT, com acometimento intra-ocular e metástases nos linfonodos ingüinais, num cão Terrier Brasileiro, com seis anos de idade. O animal apresentava massas anormais de tecido no olho direito, extremidade do pênis e aumento de volume de linfonodos da região ingüinal. A histopatologia do globo ocular e as citologias da massa peniana e dos nódulos subcutâneos evidenciaram aspectos citológicos semelhantes

[Curcumin improves learning and memory function through decreasing hippocampal TNF-α and iNOS levels after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats].

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Zhenwei; Yue, Shuangzhu

2016-03-01

To investigate the effect of curcumin on learning and memory function of rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the possible mechanism. A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham group, SAH group and curcumin (Cur) therapy group. Experimental SAH rat models were established by injecting autologous blood into the cisterna magna. Neurological deficits of rats were examined at different time points. Spatial learning and memory abilities were tested by Morris water maze test. The hippocampal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were detected by ELISA. RESULTS Experimental SAH rat models were established successfully. Neurological scores of the SAH rats were significantly lower than those of the sham group. Curcumin therapy obviously improved the neurological deficits of rats compared with the SAH rats. Morris water maze test showed that SAH caused significant cognitive impairment with longer escape latency compared with the sham group. After treatment with curcumin for 4 weeks, the escape latency decreased significantly. The levels of TNF-α and iNOS in the curcumin-treated group were significantly lower than those of the SAH group. SAH can cause learning and memory impairment in rats. Curcumin can recover learning and memory function through down-regulating hippocampal TNF-α and iNOS levels.

The protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN/DLC1/LC8) binding does not inhibit the NADPH-dependent heme reduction in nNOS, a key step in NO synthesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Parhad, Swapnil S; Jaiswal, Deepa; Ray, Krishanu; Mazumdar, Shyamalava

2016-03-25

The neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is an essential enzyme involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a potent neurotransmitter. Although previous studies have indicated that the dynein light chain 1 (DLC1) binding to nNOS could inhibit the NO synthesis, the claim is challenged by contradicting reports. Thus, the mechanism of nNOS regulation remained unclear. nNOS has a heme-bearing, Cytochrome P450 core, and the functional enzyme is a dimer. The electron flow from NADPH to Flavin, and finally to the heme of the paired nNOS subunit within a dimer, is facilitated upon calmodulin (CaM) binding. Here, we show that DLC1 binding to nNOS-CaM complex does not affect the electron transport from the reductase to the oxygenase domain. Therefore, it cannot inhibit the rate of NADPH-dependent heme reduction in nNOS, which results in l-Arginine oxidation. Also, the NO release activity does not decrease with increasing DLC1 concentration in the reaction mix, which further confirmed that DLC1 does not inhibit nNOS activity. These findings suggest that the DLC1 binding may have other implications for the nNOS function in the cell. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Imuno-expressão da DNMT1, DNMT3a e DNMT3b nos tumores odontogênicos

OpenAIRE

Leonardo Borges Ferro

2013-01-01

Os tumores odontogênicos são um grupo heterogéneo de lesões formadas a partir de tecidos que dão origem ao dente. A metilação do ADN, uma adição covalente de um grupo metilo na posição 5 de carbono de um nucleótideo de citosina, é considerado um importante regulador da expressão génica. A adição do radical metil é catalisada por ADN metiltransferases (DNMTs). Embora alguns estudos epigenéticos tenham sido realizados em tumores odontogênicos, um estudo com os três tipos de DNMTs em vários memb...

Biópsia percutânea de lesões ósseas guiada por tomografia computadorizada: taxas de definição diagnóstica e complicações

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Macello Jose Sampaio Maciel

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar taxas de definição diagnóstica e complicações da biópsia percutânea guiada por tomografia computadorizada (TC de lesões ósseas suspeitas de malignidade. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo que incluiu 186 casos de biópsia percutânea guiada por TC de lesões ósseas no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2012. Todas as amostras foram obtidas usando agulhas de 8 a 10 gauge. Foram coletados dados demográficos, história de neoplasia maligna prévia, dados relacionados à lesão, ao procedimento e ao resultado histológico. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino (57% e a idade média foi 53,0 ± 16,4 anos. Em 139 casos (74,6% a suspeita diagnóstica era metástase e os tumores primários mais comuns foram de mama (32,1% e próstata (11,8%. Os ossos mais envolvidos foram coluna vertebral (36,0%, bacia (32,8% e ossos longos (18,3%. Houve complicações em apenas três pacientes (1,6%, incluindo uma fratura, um caso de parestesia com comprometimento funcional e uma quebra da agulha necessitando remoção cirúrgica. Amostras de 183 lesões (98,4% foram consideradas adequadas para diagnóstico. Resultados malignos foram mais frequentes nos pacientes com suspeita de lesão secundária e história de neoplasia maligna conhecida (p < 0,001 e nos procedimentos orientados pela PET/CT (p = 0,011. Conclusão: A biópsia percutânea guiada por TC é segura e eficaz no diagnóstico de lesões ósseas suspeitas.

Endogenous angiotensin II modulates nNOS expression in renovascular hypertension

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T.M.C. Pereira

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Nitric oxide (NO influences renal blood flow mainly as a result of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS. Nevertheless, it is unclear how nNOS expression is modulated by endogenous angiotensin II, an inhibitor of NO function. We tested the hypothesis that the angiotensin II AT1 receptor and oxidative stress mediated by NADPH oxidase contribute to the modulation of renal nNOS expression in two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C hypertensive rats. Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats (150 to 170 g body weight divided into 2K1C (N = 19 and sham-operated (N = 19 groups. nNOS expression in kidneys of 2K1C hypertensive rats (N = 9 was compared by Western blotting to that of 2K1C rats treated with low doses of the AT1 antagonist losartan (10 mg·kg-1·day-1; N = 5 or the superoxide scavenger tempol (0.2 mmol·kg-1·day-1; N = 5, which still remain hypertensive. After 28 days, nNOS expression was significantly increased by 1.7-fold in the clipped kidneys of 2K1C rats and by 3-fold in the non-clipped kidneys of 2K1C rats compared with sham rats, but was normalized by losartan. With tempol treatment, nNOS expression increased 2-fold in the clipped kidneys and 1.4-fold in the non-clipped kidneys compared with sham rats. The changes in nNOS expression were not followed by changes in the enzyme activity, as measured indirectly by the cGMP method. In conclusion, AT1 receptors and oxidative stress seem to be primary stimuli for increased nNOS expression, but this up-regulation does not result in higher enzyme activity.

Localización inmunocitoquímica de la hormona gonadotropina corionica en la placenta humana y en celulas tumorales

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Geranina Escovar V.

1982-06-01

Full Text Available Mediante el uso de los métodos de peroxidasa anti-peroxidasa e inmunofluorescencia aplicada a tejidos desparafinados y tratados con tripsina, se estudiaron inmunocitoquímicamente un grupo de placentas y tumores malignos. Al utilizar anticuerpos anti-GCH, la hormona gonadotropina coriónica humana (GCH fue localizada en células del sincitiotrofoblasto de placentas de diferentes estados de desarrollo, se encontró, además, que las c6lulas de Langhan's y del citotrofoblasto fueron negativas a la inmuno-reacción. La mayoría de los tumores estudiados fueron encontrados positivos al aplicar los métodos mencionados. Se postula que la inmunosupresión selectiva del huésped por tumores y la inmunosupresión selectiva de tejidos maternos por tejidos fetales. podría estar mediada por la hormona gonadotropina coriónica.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors of the uterine cervix.

Science.gov (United States)

Kudela, E; Biringer, K; Kasajova, P; Nachajova, M; Adamkov, M

2016-08-01

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines PEComas as mesenchymal tumors composed of histologically and immunohistochemically distinctive perivascular cells. Uterus is the most common site of a subgroup of PEComas not otherwise specified(NOS). PEComas of the uterine cervix are extremely rare, and only thirteen cases have been described in the English literature to date. In this review, we summarize the available data concerning diagnostics, immunohistochemical analysis, genetics and treatment of cervical PEComas. Radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy is the best surgical approach available. Adjuvant therapy in its present form is not efficient. Therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the newest treatment strategies. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

¿Las emociones nos distraen?

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Antonia Pilar Pacheco-Unguetti

2014-06-01

Full Text Available ¿Leerás este artículo hasta el final sin interrupciones? Puede que, mientras lo intentas, recibas algún mensaje de whatsapp, se abra una ventana emergente en tu ordenador con una oferta de viajes al Caribe o el cartero llame dos veces a tu puerta. También puede ser que simplemente no tengas un buen día y te resulte especialmente difícil concentrarte. Vivimos expuestos a multitud de estímulos distractores externos, algunos tan inesperados o extraños que entorpecen irremediablemente nuestra concentración en una tarea (distracción por novedad. Pero la distracción también puede tener una causa interna y cómo nos sentimos puede influir en cuánto nos distraemos.

Contribution of the nos-pdt operon to virulence phenotypes in methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

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April M Sapp

Full Text Available Nitric oxide (NO is emerging as an important regulator of bacterial stress resistance, biofilm development, and virulence. One potential source of endogenous NO production in the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is its NO-synthase (saNOS enzyme, encoded by the nos gene. Although a role for saNOS in oxidative stress resistance, antibiotic resistance, and virulence has been recently-described, insights into the regulation of nos expression and saNOS enzyme activity remain elusive. To this end, transcriptional analysis of the nos gene in S. aureus strain UAMS-1 was performed, which revealed that nos expression increases during low-oxygen growth and is growth-phase dependent. Furthermore, nos is co-transcribed with a downstream gene, designated pdt, which encodes a prephenate dehydratase (PDT enzyme involved in phenylalanine biosynthesis. Deletion of pdt significantly impaired the ability of UAMS-1 to grow in chemically-defined media lacking phenylalanine, confirming the function of this enzyme. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the operon organization of nos-pdt appears to be unique to the staphylococci. As described for other S. aureus nos mutants, inactivation of nos in UAMS-1 conferred sensitivity to oxidative stress, while deletion of pdt did not affect this phenotype. The nos mutant also displayed reduced virulence in a murine sepsis infection model, and increased carotenoid pigmentation when cultured on agar plates, both previously-undescribed nos mutant phenotypes. Utilizing the fluorescent stain 4-Amino-5-Methylamino-2',7'-Difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM diacetate, decreased levels of intracellular NO/reactive nitrogen species (RNS were detected in the nos mutant on agar plates. These results reinforce the important role of saNOS in S. aureus physiology and virulence, and have identified an in vitro growth condition under which saNOS activity appears to be upregulated. However, the significance of the operon organization of nos-pdt and

Expression profiles of eNOS, iNOS and microRNA-27b in the corpus cavernosum of rats submitted to chronic alcoholism and Diabetes mellitus.

Science.gov (United States)

Cunha, Joao Paulo da; Lizarte, Fermino Sanches; Novais, Paulo Cezar; Gattas, Daniela; Carvalho, Camila Albuquerque Mello de; Tirapelli, Daniela Pretti da Cunha; Molina, Carlos Augusto Fernandes; Tirapelli, Luis Fernando; Tucci, Silvio

2017-01-01

To evaluate the expression of endothelial and inducible NOS in addition to the miRNA-27b in the corpus cavernosum and peripheral blood of healthy rats, diabetic rats, alcoholic rats and rats with both pathologies. Forty eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C), alcoholic (A), diabetic (D) and alcoholic-diabetic (AD). Samples of the corpus cavernosum were prepared to study protein expressions of eNOS and iNOS by immunohistochemistry and expression of miRNA-27b in the corpus cavernosum and peripheral blood. Immunohistochemistry for eNOS and iNOS showed an increase in cavernosal smooth muscle cells in the alcoholic, diabetic and alcoholic-diabetic groups when compared with the control group. Similarly, the mRNA levels for eNOS were increased in cavernosal smooth muscle (CSM) in the alcoholic, diabetic and alcoholic-diabetic groups and miRNA-27b were decreased in CSM in the alcoholic, diabetic and alcoholic-diabetic groups. The major new finding of our study was an impairment of relaxation of cavernosal smooth muscle in alcoholic, diabetic, and alcoholic-diabetic rats that involved a decrease in the nitric oxide pathway by endothelium-dependent mechanisms accompanied by a change in the corpus cavernosum contractile sensitivity.

Marketing plan NOS: introducing pay per view

OpenAIRE

Pereira, Pedro Azeredo

2016-01-01

NOS, NOS Comunicações S.A., is a private telecommunications company of the portuguese market which is proud of being the “best communications and entertainment company in the market”. The company was born from a fusion between two of the biggest communications corporations in the country: on the fixed service (TV, fixed phone, fixed internet, etc.) from ZON; and on the mobile service (mobile phone, internet, etc.) from Optimus. It is a leader in all the sectors it operates. Bes...

Tumor hepático experimental (VX-2 em coelho: implantação do modelo no Brasil Experimental liver tumor (VX-2 in rabbits: implantation of the model in Brazil

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Rogério Saad Hossne

2002-08-01

Full Text Available Os estudos para a investigação de novas modalidades terapêuticas em biologia tumoral, deveriam passar por estudos experimentais prévios. Neste sentido dispõem-se hoje de uma grande variedade de modelos tumorais experimentais; em determinadas investigações faz-se necessária a adequação do modelo tumoral às necessidades biológicas, patológicas e experimentais dos estudos. Desta forma, em nosso serviço, buscávamos um modelo tumoral hepático para estudos experimentais que se adequasse às seguintes características: fácil manipulação, crescimento controlável, evolução e agressividade semelhantes aos seres humanos. Os dados da literatura nos levaram a busca do tumor hepático VX-2, em coelhos. Neste artigo discutimos as vantagens da utilização deste modelo experimental e a sua introdução em nosso país.Studies for investigation of new therapeutic modalities in tumoral biology should be based on previous experimental studies. Then, there are a great variety of tumoral experimental models today. Some investigations have been done necessary an adaptation of the tumoral model to the needing of the studies biological and pathological. So, in our laboratory, we looked for a tumoral hepatic model for experimental studies with the following characteristics: easy manipulation, control of growing, evolution and aggressiveness like to humans. Data of the literature took us the search of the hepatic tumor VX-2, in rabbits. In this article we discussed the advantages of use this experimental model and its introduction in our country. Experimental hepatic tumor (VX-2 in rabbit. Implantation of the model in Brazil.

Monocyte-derived dendritic cells are essential for CD8+ T cell activation and anti-tumor responses after local immunotherapy

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Sabine eKuhn

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Tumors harbor several populations of dendritic cells with the ability to prime tumor-specific T cells. However, these T cells mostly fail to differentiate into armed effectors and are unable to control tumor growth. We have previously shown that treatment with immunostimulatory agents at the tumor site can activate anti-tumor immune responses, and is associated with the appearance of a population of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in the tumor and tumor-draining lymph node. Here we use dendritic cell or monocyte depletion and monocyte transfer to show that these monocyte-derived dendritic cells are critical to the activation of anti-tumor immune responses. Treatment with the immunostimulatory agents Monosodium Urate crystals and Mycobacterium smegmatis induced the accumulation of monocytes in the draining lymph node, their upregulation of CD11c and MHCII, and expression of iNOS, TNFα and IL12p40. Blocking monocyte entry into the lymph node and tumor through neutralization of the chemokine CCL2 or inhibition of Colony Stimulating Factor-1 receptor signaling prevented the generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells, the infiltration of tumor-specific T cells into the tumor, and anti-tumor responses. In a reciprocal fashion, monocytes transferred into mice depleted of CD11c+ cells were sufficient to rescue CD8+ T cell priming in lymph node and delay tumor growth. Thus monocytes exposed to the appropriate conditions become powerful activators of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and anti-tumor immunity.

Changes of serum NO/iNOS after whole abdominal irradiation in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin Hong; Wu Wei; Zhang Kunhe; Chen Jiang; Wang Yang; Luo Hui; Huang Xiaoqing

2004-01-01

Objective: To observe the changes of serum NO/NOS concentrations in rats after whole abdominal irradiation and their relationships with intestinal radiation injury. Methods: Thirty health rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, irradiation control group, and IgY protection group. The sera of rats were collected and the NO and iNOS were assayed. Results: NO and iNOS levels increased evidently in the irradiation control group in contrast with those of the normal control group (P<0.01). NO and iNOS levels increased slightly in the IgY protection group in contrast with the irradiation control group (P<0.01) and were close to the levels of the normal control group. The changes of NO and NOS concentrations were synchronous. Conclusion: NO and iNOS are good indices for detecting intestinal radiation injury. (authors)

Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R is a highly effective general therapeutic for undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft nude-mouse models.

Science.gov (United States)

Igarashi, Kentaro; Kawaguchi, Kei; Kiyuna, Tasuku; Miyake, Kentaro; Miyake, Masuyo; Singh, Arun S; Eckardt, Mark A; Nelson, Scott D; Russell, Tara A; Dry, Sarah M; Li, Yunfeng; Yamamoto, Norio; Hayashi, Katsuhiro; Kimura, Hiroaki; Miwa, Shinji; Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki; Singh, Shree Ram; Eilber, Fritz C; Hoffman, Robert M

2018-03-18

Undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma (USTS) is a recalcitrant and heterogeneous subgroup of soft tissue sarcoma with high risk of metastasis and recurrence. Due to heterogeneity of USTS, there is no reliably effective first-line therapy. We have generated tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R (S. typhimurium A1-R), which previously showed strong efficacy on single patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models of Ewing's sarcoma and follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. In the present study, tumor resected from 4 patients with a biopsy-proven USTS (2 undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma [UPS], 1 undifferentiated sarcoma not otherwise specified [NOS] and 1 undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma [USS]) were grown orthotopically in the biceps femoris muscle of mice to establish PDOX models. One USS model and one UPS model were doxorubicin (DOX) resistant. One UPS and the NOS model were partially sensitive to DOX. DOX is first-line therapy for these diseases. S. typhimurium A1-R arrested tumor growth all 4 models. In addition to arresting tumor growth in each case, S. typhimurium A1-R was significantly more efficacious than DOX in each case, thereby surpassing first-line therapy. These results suggest that S. typhimurium A1-R can be a general therapeutic for USTS and possibly sarcoma in general. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Expression analysis of NOS family and HSP genes during thermal stress in goat ( Capra hircus)

Science.gov (United States)

Yadav, Vijay Pratap; Dangi, Satyaveer Singh; Chouhan, Vikrant Singh; Gupta, Mahesh; Dangi, Saroj K.; Singh, Gyanendra; Maurya, Vijay Prakash; Kumar, Puneet; Sarkar, Mihir

2016-03-01

Approximately 50 genes other than heat shock protein (HSP) expression changes during thermal stress. These genes like nitric oxide synthase (NOS) need proper attention and investigation to find out their possible role in the adaptation to thermal stress in animals. So, the present study was undertaken to demonstrate the expressions of inducible form type II NOS (iNOS), endothelial type III NOS (eNOS), constitutively expressed enzyme NOS (cNOS), HSP70, and HSP90 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during different seasons in Barbari goats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunocytochemistry were applied to investigate messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, protein expression, and immunolocalization of examined factors. The mRNA and protein expressions of iNOS, eNOS, cNOS, HSP70, and HSP90 were significantly higher ( P goats.

Progranulin protects vascular endothelium against atherosclerotic inflammatory reaction via Akt/eNOS and nuclear factor-κB pathways.

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Hwang, Hwan-Jin; Jung, Tae Woo; Hong, Ho Cheol; Choi, Hae Yoon; Seo, Ji-A; Kim, Sin Gon; Kim, Nan Hee; Choi, Kyung Mook; Choi, Dong Seop; Baik, Sei Hyun; Yoo, Hye Jin

2013-01-01

Atherosclerosis is considered a chronic inflammatory disease, initiated by activation and dysfunction of the endothelium. Recently, progranulin has been regarded as an important modulator of inflammatory processes; however, the role for prgranulin in regulating inflammation in vascular endothelial cells has not been described. Signaling pathways mediated by progranulin were analyzed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with progranulin. Progranulin significantly induced Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in HUVECs, an effect that was blocked with Akt inhibitor. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO) level, the end product of Akt/eNOS pathway, was significantly upregulated after progranulin treatment. Next, we showed that progranulin efficiently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκB and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) levels decreased after progranulin treatment. Also, progranulin blocked translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus. In addition, progranulin significantly reduced the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by inhibiting binding of NF- κB to their promoter regions and blocked attachment of monocytes to HUVECs. Progranulin also significantly reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-α (TNF-α) and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), the crucial inflammatory molecules known to aggravate atherosclerosis. Progranulin efficiently inhibited LPS-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling in endothelial cells through activation of the Akt/eNOS pathway and attenuation of the NF-κB pathway, suggesting its protective roles in vascular endothelium against inflammatory reaction underlying atherosclerosis.

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL - Currents

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have currents data. *These services are for testing and evaluation use...

Quiste óseo aneurismático mandibular de tipo sólido Mandibular solid aneurysmal bone cyst

OpenAIRE

Marta Saldaña Rodríguez; Maria Fe García Reija; Belén García-Montesinos Perea; Marta Mayorga Fernández; Ramón Carlos Saiz Bustillo

2013-01-01

El quiste óseo aneurismático sólido es una lesión ósea benigna muy infrecuente de la que no existe consenso en relación a su origen etiopatogénico. Presenta características clínicas, radiológicas e histológicas inespecíficas, por lo que los estudios ultraestructurales son fundamentales para su diagnóstico y clasificación. El diagnóstico diferencial es extenso e incluye múltiples lesiones óseas como el granuloma reparativo de células gigantes e incluso tumores malignos como el osteosarcoma. El...

Heterosídeos alcaloídicos de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil.: avaliação das atividades contra fungos dermatófitos e câncer de pele

OpenAIRE

Juliana de Carvalho da Costa

2012-01-01

de pele é o tipo mais frequente, correspondendo a cerca de 25% de todos os tumores malignos registrados no Brasil. Há que se destacar que uma formulação de uso tópico foi desenvolvida pelo grupo para uso contra câncer de pele e o estudo da estabilidade acelerada desta formulação foi avaliado nesse trabalho. Os frutos da espécie S. lycocarpum foram coletados, secos, triturados, submetidos à extração ácido-base e o precipitado foi suspenso em etanol e filtrado. Os heterosídeos alcaloídicos, SS ...

Single block orbitectomy in a patient with neurogenic orbital sarcoma

OpenAIRE

Abreu Perdomo, Franklyn Alain; Cruz García, Orlando; Ortíz Ramos, Datia Liset; Santos Silva, Dania; Sánchez Wals, Lenia; Lamadrid García, Janet

2016-01-01

El sarcoma neurogénico es un tumor maligno que se origina en las células de Schwann de la vaina del revestimiento de los nervios periféricos y son poco frecuentes en la órbita. Se presenta un paciente de 23 años de edad, masculino, blanco, con antecedentes de neurofibromatosis tipo I, con desplazamiento anteroinferior del globo ocular izquierdo, dolor intenso y pérdida de la visión de 4 meses de evolución. Al examen oftalmológico se constató proptosis severa con descenso del globo ocular izqu...

Púrpura trombocitopênica idiopática e linfoma não-Hodgkin de células T na infância

OpenAIRE

Borges,Alessandra C.; Pizza,Maria; Borsato,Maria Luisa; Silva,Helena R. M.; Castro,Helaine C.; Luporini,Silvia M.; Bruniera,Paula

2006-01-01

Os linfomas representam 10% de todos os tumores malignos da infância e, destes, os linfomas não-Hodgkin são os mais freqüentes. Crianças com doenças auto-imunes apresentam maior probabilidade de desenvolver doenças linfoproliferativas, podendo ocorrer antes, durante ou após o aparecimento da neoplasia. A associação de púrpura trombocitopênica idiopática e linfomas é infreqüente (3%), principalmente na faixa etária pediátrica. Duas teorias tentam explicar a origem desta associação. Na primeira...

Avaliação nutricional e de atividade inflamatória sistêmica em pacientes com câncer colorretal submetidos a suplementação com simbióticos

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Ana Lívia de

2010-01-01

A depleção nutricional é observada em pacientes com câncer colorretal em estado avançado mesmo com mediadas de peso adequadas e esta perda pode estar associada a fatores de co – morbidades como: redução da imunidade, aumento de infecções, cicatrização prejudicada e fraqueza muscular. A presença de tumor maligno estimula as respostas metabólicas de fase aguda, com aumento de proteínas positivas, como a proteína-C reativa esta elevação pode simplesmente refletir um processo inflamatório inespec...

¿Aporta mayor información la medición del volumen y la vascularización endometrial con la ecografía 3D que con la 2D para el diagnóstico de patología maligna en pacientes con sangrado postmenopausico?

OpenAIRE

Aranda Fortea, Mireia

2013-01-01

El carcinoma de endometrio (CE) es el tumor maligno del aparato reproductor femenino más habitual en el mundo occidental y el cuarto cáncer más frecuente en mujeres, después del de mama, el de pulmón y el colorrectal. La Sociedad Americana del Cáncer estima que la incidencia de CE es de 2.5 veces superior a la del cáncer de cuello uterino, y aun así, no existen programas de screening para detectar el CE. Aproximadamente el 80% de los nuevos CE diagnosticados en el mundo occidental son de ...

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL - Wind

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have wind data. *These services are for testing and evaluation use only*...

Mechanism of endothelial progenitor cell recruitment into neo-vessels in adjacent non-tumor tissues in hepatocellular carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu, De-cai; Chen, Jun; Sun, Xi-tai; Zhuang, Lin-yuan; Jiang, Chun-ping; Ding, Yi-tao

2010-01-01

We investigated the distribution and clinical significance of mobilized endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that many more EPCs were recruited to nonmalignant liver tissue (especially into adjacent non-tumor tissues (AT)) than to tumor vessels. These results suggest that the mechanism underlying the recruitment of EPCs into microvessels in AT merits further investigation Angiogenic factors were detected in three tissue microarrays comprising normal liver, paired tumor tissue (TT) and AT from 105 patients (who had undergone hepatectomy for HCC) using immunohistochemistry. Also, the number of EPCs (positive for Sca-1, Flk-1 and c-Kit) in the blood and liver of cirrhotic mice were determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The distribution of these labeled EPCs in tumor and non-tumor tissues was then studied. The results from the tissue microarrays showed that the expression levels of VEGF-A, bFGF, TGF-β, MCP-1, TSP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and endostatin were significantly higher in AT than in either normal liver or TT (p < 0.05), but no significant difference was found in the expression levels of COX-2 and NOS-2 between AT and TT. The expression of VEGF-A, bFGF, TGF-β, MCP-1, TSP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-2, endostatin, COX-2, and NOS-2 in normal liver tissue was weaker than that in AT or TT. In cirrhotic mice, the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells gradually increased, before decreasing again. In this mouse model, increased numbers of EPCs were recruited and homed specifically to the cirrhotic liver. Both liver cirrhosis and HCC led to increased expression of pro-angiogenic factors, which resulted in the recruitment of EPCs into AT. Also, EPCs were mobilized, recruited and homed to cirrhotic liver. The unique pathology of HCC coupled with liver cirrhosis may, therefore, be associated with the distribution and function of EPCs

Tomografia computadorizada no seguimento de pacientes com tumores intracranianos

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Gilberto Machado de Almeida

1981-03-01

Full Text Available A tomografia computadorizada tem grande valor no controle dos pacientes com tumores cerebrais. Imediatamente após o ato cirúrgico pode ser útil para avaliar a retirada do processo expansivo ou para comprovar a área atingida. Nos primeiros dias após a intervenção tem sido indicada principalmente quando há piora do quadro neurológico. Nestas condições, o exame permite verificar a existência de ar, edema, hematoma, desvios ventriculares e hidrocéfalo. Os dados fornecidos são mais precisos que os obtidos com outros exames neuror-radiológicos ou com a medida contínua da pressão intracraniana, métodos menos inócuos. A longo prazo a tomografia permite o diagnóstico precoce de recidivas, a avaliação da eficácia de tratamentos radio ou quimioterápicos e o controle do hidrocéfalo. Ainda não é possível fazer o diagnóstico diferencial entre radio-necrose e recidiva tumoral.

Tumor ocular metastásico Metastatic ocular tumor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martha G Domínguez Expósito

2004-06-01

Full Text Available El carcinoma metastásico del ojo es considerado la neoplasia maligna que más frecuente se encuentra de forma intraocular. Solo cerca del 10 % de las personas que tienen una o más lesiones metastásicas intraoculares son detectadas clínicamente antes de la muerte. A menudo, el carcinoma metastásico ocular es diagnosticado por el oftalmólogo ante la presencia de síntomas oculares. Las lesiones están localizadas con preferencia en coroides. Nos motivo a realizar la presentación de este caso la presencia de lesiones intraoculares múltiples tumorales metastásicos en un paciente cuyo síntoma de presentación fue la disminución de la agudeza visualThe eye metastatic carcinoma is considered the most frequently found intraocular malignant neoplasia. Only 10 % of the persons with one or more metastatic intraocular injuries are clinically detected before death. The metastatic ocular carcinoma is often diagnosed by the ophthalmologist in the presence of ocular symptoms. The injuries are preferably located in the choroid. The appearance of multiple metastatic intraaocular tumoral injuries in a patient whose chief complaint was the reduction of visual acuity motivated us to presente this case

Apresentação histológica pouco usual de câncer de endométrio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Cecília Ferro

2016-10-01

Full Text Available O câncer do endométrio é, atualmente, o tumor maligno ginecológico mais frequente nos países ocidentais e o pico de incidência da doença ocorre nas 6ª e 7ª décadas de vida. Estima-se que 90% deles manifestam-se com hemorragia uterina anormal pós-menopausa. A determinação do seus subtipo histológico é importante para terapêutica e prognóstico dessas pacientes. Os carcinomas endometriais do tipo I (estrogênios-dependentes, ou, endometrioides correspondem a aproximadamente 80% dos casos. A alteração genética mais frequente nesses casos é a inativação por mutação do gene PTEN, seguido de instabilidade de microssatélites e mutações de K-ras e β-catenina. Esses eventos iniciais ocorrem num subconjunto com a hiperplasia endometrial atípica. Os tumores do tipo II (não-endometrioides, representam aproximadamente 10% dos casos, sendo a maioria de subtipo seroso, menos frequentemente de células claras e raramente misto. A mutação p53 é a alteração genética mais frequente. O subtipo seroso está relacionado também à inativação do p16 e e-caderina, e amplificação de HER2/neu. Estudos recentes demonstram que alguns carcinomas de tipo II provavelmente surgem de carcinomas endometrioides pré-existentes, exibindo características mistas nos níveis clínicos, patológicos e moleculares. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo relata um caso de carcinoma endometrial atípico em pós-menopausa tardia, de subtipo histológico não-endometrioide misto (seroso e de células claras. Uma neoplasia rara e de alto grau histológico que apresentou comprometimento extrauterino mesmo sem infiltração do miométrio. O estudo imuno-histoquímico foi fundamental para esse diagnóstico, revelando a expressão de p16 e p53 em algumas áreas e outras com imuno-expressão para citoceratina, PAX8, p53 e napsina.

Fine needle aspiration in salivary gland tumors: specificity and sensitivity

OpenAIRE

Gonçalves, Antonio José; Menezes, Marcelo Benedito; Kavabata, Norberto Kodi; Bertelli, Antonio Augusto Tupinambá; Souza, Ricardo Antenor de Souza e; Joelsons, Daniel

2007-01-01

As neoplasias das glândulas salivares são afecções que constituem aproximadamente 3% de todos os tumores da cabeça e pescoço. O tratamento cirúrgico adequado depende do correto conhecimento do tipo histológico, principalmente quando se trata de lesões malignas. Dessa maneira, a correta determinação do diagnóstico histológico pré-operatório auxilia em muito o planejamento terapêutico, porém, geralmente, isto é difícil de se estabelecer baseado apenas nos achados da história, exame clínico e de...

iNOS Activity Modulates Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Tissue Fibrosis in Polyether-Polyurethane Synthetic Implants.

Science.gov (United States)

Cassini-Vieira, Puebla; Araújo, Fernanda Assis; da Costa Dias, Filipi Leles; Russo, Remo Castro; Andrade, Silvia Passos; Teixeira, Mauro Martins; Barcelos, Luciola Silva

2015-01-01

There is considerable interest in implantation techniques and scaffolds for tissue engineering and, for safety and biocompatibility reasons, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis need to be determined. The contribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of the foreign body reaction induced by subcutaneous implantation of a synthetic matrix was never investigated. Here, we examined the role of iNOS in angiogenesis, inflammation, and collagen deposition induced by polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants, using mice with targeted disruption of the iNOS gene (iNOS(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice. The hemoglobin content and number of vessels were decreased in the implants of iNOS(-/-) mice compared to WT mice 14 days after implantation. VEGF levels were also reduced in the implants of iNOS(-/-) mice. In contrast, the iNOS(-/-) implants exhibited an increased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. However, no alterations were observed in levels of CXCL1 and CCL2, chemokines related to neutrophil and macrophage migration, respectively. Furthermore, the implants of iNOS(-/-) mice showed boosted collagen deposition. These data suggest that iNOS activity controls inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrogenesis in polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants and that lack of iNOS expression increases foreign body reaction to implants in mice.

eNOS-uncoupling in age-related erectile dysfunction

OpenAIRE

Johnson, JM; Bivalacqua, TJ; Lagoda, GA; Burnett, AL; Musicki, B

2011-01-01

Aging is associated with ED. Although age-related ED is attributed largely to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in the penis, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not fully defined. We evaluated whether endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling in the aged rat penis is a contributing mechanism. Correlatively, we evaluated the effect of replacement with eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) on erectile function in the aged rats. Male Fischer 344 ...

Penser Système : Découvrir nos modèles d'organisation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bryan, B.; Goodman, M.; Schaveling, J.

2011-01-01

Pourquoi le travail s’accumule-t-il sur nos bureaux alors que nous travaillons de plus en plus? Parfois « nos solutions » aggravent nos problèmes. Comment pouvons-nous éviter ces paradoxes ? Penser système donne de nouvelles perspectives dans des situations complexes. Cela vous permettra de

Suprasellar germ cell tumor in a dog Tumor supra-selar de células germinativas em um cão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raquel Rubia Rech

2008-06-01

Full Text Available A case of suprasellar germ cell tumor is described in a 6-year -old Airedale Terrier bitch that presented behavioral changes and abrupt onset of blindness. The neoplasm compressed the ventral surface of the cerebrum from the level of basal ganglia to the mesencephalon. Histologically the neoplasm consisted of nests and trabeculae of round to polygonal cells that occasionally surround tubules and cysts formed by columnar cells. Neoplastic cells are immunopositive for cytokeratin and alpha-fetoprotein. The diagnosis was based on location, histological appearance and on the immunohistochemical staining.É descrito um caso de tumor de células germinativas supra-selar em numa cadela Airedale Terrier de seis anos de idade, que apresentou transtornos do comportamento e aparecimento abrupto de cegueira. O neoplasma comprimia a superfície ventral do cérebro desde a altura dos núcleos basais até o mesencéfalo. Histologicamente, o neoplasma consistia de ninhos e trabéculas de células redondas ou poligonais que ocasionalmente arranjavam-se ao redor de túbulos e cistos formados por células colunares. As células neoplásicas foram positivas na imunoistoquímica para citoqueratina e a-fetoproteína. O diagnóstico foi feito com base na localização do tumor, no seu aspecto histológico e nos resultados da marcação imunoistoquímica.

Anti-tumor and Chemoprotective Effect of Bauhinia tomentosa by Regulating Growth Factors and Inflammatory Mediators.

Science.gov (United States)

Kannan, Narayanan; Sakthivel, Kunnathur Murugesan; Guruvayoorappan, Chandrasekaran

2015-01-01

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Due to the toxic side effects of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CTX), the use of herbal medicines with fewer side effects but having potential use as inducing anti-cancer outcomes in situ has become increasingly popular. The present study sought to investigate the effects of a methanolic extract of Bauhinia tomentosa against Dalton's ascites lymphoma (DAL) induced ascites as well as solid tumors in BALB/c mice. Specifically, B. tomentosa extract was administered intraperitonealy (IP) at 10 mg/kg. BW body weight starting just after tumor cell implantation and thereafter for 10 consecutive days. In the ascites tumor model hosts, administration of extract resulted in a 52% increase in the life span. In solid tumor models, co-administration of extract and CTX significantly reduced tumor volume (relative to in untreated hosts) by 73% compared to just by 52% when the extract alone was provided. Co-administration of the extract also mitigated CTX-induced toxicity, including decreases in WBC count, and in bone marrow cellularity and α-esterase activity. Extract treatment also attenuated any increases in serum levels of TNFα, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, GM-CSF, and VEGF seen in tumor-bearing hosts. This study confirmed that, the potent antitumor activity of B.tomentosa extract may be associated with immune modulatory effects by regulating anti-oxidants and cytokine levels.

The effect of high protein diet and exercise on irisin, eNOS, and iNOS expressions in kidney.

Science.gov (United States)

Tastekin, Ebru; Palabiyik, Orkide; Ulucam, Enis; Uzgur, Selda; Karaca, Aziz; Vardar, Selma Arzu; Yilmaz, Ali; Aydogdu, Nurettin

2016-08-01

Long-term effects of high protein diets (HPDs) on kidneys are still not sufficiently studied. Irisin which increases oxygen consumption and thermogenesis in white fat cells was shown in skeletal muscles and many tissues. Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. We aimed to investigate the effects of HPD, irisin and NO expression in kidney and relation of them with exercise and among themselves. Animals were grouped as control, exercise, HPD and exercise combined with HPD (exercise-HPD). Rats were kept on a HPD for 5 weeks and an exercise program was given them as 5 exercise and 2 rest days per week exercising on a treadmill with increasing speed and angle. In our study, while HPD group had similar total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels with control group, exercise and exercise-HPD groups had lower levels (p highly selective and quite clear in this study. Effects of exercise and HPD on kidney should be evaluated with different exercise protocols and contents of the diet. İrisin, eNOS, and iNOS staining localizations should be supported with various research studies.

Phenotyping of nNOS neurons in the postnatal and adult female mouse hypothalamus.

Science.gov (United States)

Chachlaki, Konstantina; Malone, Samuel A; Qualls-Creekmore, Emily; Hrabovszky, Erik; Münzberg, Heike; Giacobini, Paolo; Ango, Fabrice; Prevot, Vincent

2017-10-15

Neurons expressing nitric oxide (NO) synthase (nNOS) and thus capable of synthesizing NO play major roles in many aspects of brain function. While the heterogeneity of nNOS-expressing neurons has been studied in various brain regions, their phenotype in the hypothalamus remains largely unknown. Here we examined the distribution of cells expressing nNOS in the postnatal and adult female mouse hypothalamus using immunohistochemistry. In both adults and neonates, nNOS was largely restricted to regions of the hypothalamus involved in the control of bodily functions, such as energy balance and reproduction. Labeled cells were found in the paraventricular, ventromedial, and dorsomedial nuclei as well as in the lateral area of the hypothalamus. Intriguingly, nNOS was seen only after the second week of life in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH). The most dense and heavily labeled population of cells was found in the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OV) and the median preoptic nucleus (MEPO), where most of the somata of the neuroendocrine neurons releasing GnRH and controlling reproduction are located. A great proportion of nNOS-immunoreactive neurons in the OV/MEPO and ARH were seen to express estrogen receptor (ER) α. Notably, almost all ERα-immunoreactive cells of the OV/MEPO also expressed nNOS. Moreover, the use of EYFP Vglut2 , EYFP Vgat , and GFP Gad67 transgenic mouse lines revealed that, like GnRH neurons, most hypothalamic nNOS neurons have a glutamatergic phenotype, except for nNOS neurons of the ARH, which are GABAergic. Altogether, these observations are consistent with the proposed role of nNOS neurons in physiological processes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A novel peptide derived from human apolipoprotein E is an inhibitor of tumor growth and ocular angiogenesis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Partha S Bhattacharjee

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Angiogenesis is a hallmark of tumor development and metastasis and now a validated target for cancer treatment. We previously reported that a novel dimer peptide (apoEdp derived from the receptor binding region of human apolipoprotein E (apoE inhibits virus-induced angiogenesis. However, its role in tumor anti-angiogenesis is unknown. This study demonstrates that apoEdp has anti-angiogenic property in vivo through reduction of tumor growth in a mouse model and ocular angiogenesis in a rabbit eye model. Our in vitro studies show that apoEdp inhibits human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion and capillary tube formation. We document that apoEdp inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced Flk-1 activation as well as downstream signaling pathways that involve c-Src, Akt, eNOS, FAK, and ERK1/2. These in vitro data suggest potential sites of the apoE dipeptide inhibition that could occur in vivo.This is the first evidence that a synthetic dimer peptide mimicking human apoE has anti-angiogenesis functions and could be an anti-tumor drug candidate.

Angiotensin II blockade causes acute renal failure in eNOS-deficient mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jürgen Schnermann

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Compared with wild-type mice, adult endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS knockout mice (eight months of age have increased blood pressure (BP (126±9 mmHg vs. 100±4 mmHg, and an increased renal vascular resistance (155±16 vs. 65±4 mmHg.min/ml. Renal vascular resistance responses to i.v. administration of noradrenaline were markedly enhanced in eNOS knockout mice. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR of anaesthetised eNOS -/- mice was 324±57 µl/min gKW, significantly lower than the GFR of 761±126 µl/min.gKW in wild-type mice. AT1-receptor blockade with i.v. candesartan (1—1.5 mg/kg reduced arterial blood pressure and renal vascular resistance, and increased renal blood flow (RBF to about the same extent in wild-type and eNOS -/- mice. Candesartan did not alter GFR in wild-type mice (761±126 vs. 720±95 µl/min.gKW, but caused a marked decrease in GFR in eNOS -/- mice (324.5±75.2 vs. 77±18 µl/min.gKW. A similar reduction in GFR of eNOS deficient mice was also caused by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibition. Afferent arteriolar granularity, a measure of renal renin expression, was found to be reduced in eNOS -/- compared with wild-type mice. In chronically eNOS-deficient mice, angiotensin II (Ang II is critical for maintaining glomerular filtration pressure and GFR, presumably through its effect on efferent arteriolar tone.

Outcome after BCG treatment for urinary bladder cancer may be influenced by polymorphisms in the NOS2 and NOS3 genes.

Science.gov (United States)

Ryk, Charlotta; Koskela, Lotta Renström; Thiel, Tomas; Wiklund, N Peter; Steineck, Gunnar; Schumacher, Martin C; de Verdier, Petra J

2015-12-01

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-treatment is an established treatment for bladder cancer, but its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. High-risk non-muscle invasive bladder-cancer (NMIBC)-patients failing to respond to BCG-treatment have worse prognosis than those undergoing immediate radical cystectomy and identification of patients at risk for BCG-failure is of high priority. Several studies indicate a role for nitric oxide (NO) in the cytotoxic effect that BCG exerts on bladder cancer cells. In this study we investigated whether NO-synthase (NOS)-gene polymorphisms, NOS2-promoter microsatellite (CCTTT)n, and the NOS3-polymorphisms-786T>C (rs2070744) and Glu298Asp (rs1799983), can serve as possible molecular markers for outcome after BCG-treatment for NMIBC. All NMIBC-patients from a well-characterized population based cohort were analyzed (n=88). Polymorphism data were combined with information from 15-years of clinical follow-up. The effect of BCG-treatment on cancer-specific death (CSD), recurrence and progression in patients with varying NOS-genotypes were studied using Cox proportional hazard-models and log rank tests. BCG-treatment resulted in significantly better survival in patients without (Log rank: p=0.006; HR: 0.12, p=0.048), but not in patients with a long version ((CCTTT)n ≧13 repeats) of the NOS2-promoter microsatellite. The NOS3-rs2070744(TT) and rs1799983(GG)-genotypes showed decreased risk for CSD (Log rank(TT): p=0.001; Log rank(GG): p=0.010, HR(GG): 0.16, p=0.030) and progression (Log rank(TT): p<0.001, HR(TT): 0.05, p=0.005; Log rank(GG): p<0.001, HR(GG): 0.10, p=0.003) after BCG-therapy compared to the other genotypes. There was also a reduction in recurrence in BCG-treated patients that was mostly genotype independent. Analysis of combined genotypes identified a subgroup of 30% of the BCG-treated patients that did not benefit from BCG-treatment. Our results suggest that the investigated polymorphisms influence patient response

Progranulin protects vascular endothelium against atherosclerotic inflammatory reaction via Akt/eNOS and nuclear factor-κB pathways.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hwan-Jin Hwang

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is considered a chronic inflammatory disease, initiated by activation and dysfunction of the endothelium. Recently, progranulin has been regarded as an important modulator of inflammatory processes; however, the role for prgranulin in regulating inflammation in vascular endothelial cells has not been described. METHOD AND RESULTS: Signaling pathways mediated by progranulin were analyzed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs treated with progranulin. Progranulin significantly induced Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS phosphorylation in HUVECs, an effect that was blocked with Akt inhibitor. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO level, the end product of Akt/eNOS pathway, was significantly upregulated after progranulin treatment. Next, we showed that progranulin efficiently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκB and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB levels decreased after progranulin treatment. Also, progranulin blocked translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus. In addition, progranulin significantly reduced the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 by inhibiting binding of NF- κB to their promoter regions and blocked attachment of monocytes to HUVECs. Progranulin also significantly reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-α (TNF-α and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1, the crucial inflammatory molecules known to aggravate atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: Progranulin efficiently inhibited LPS-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling in endothelial cells through activation of the Akt/eNOS pathway and attenuation of the NF-κB pathway, suggesting its protective roles in vascular endothelium against inflammatory reaction underlying atherosclerosis.

Exposure to diesel exhaust up-regulates iNOS expression in ApoE knockout mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bai Ni; Kido, Takashi; Kavanagh, Terrance J.; Kaufman, Joel D.; Rosenfeld, Michael E.; Breemen, Cornelis van; Eeden, Stephan F. van

2011-01-01

Traffic related particulate matter air pollution is a risk factor for cardiovascular events; however, the biological mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesize that diesel exhaust (DE) inhalation induces up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is known to contribute to vascular dysfunction, progression of atherosclerosis and ultimately cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods: ApoE knockout mice (30-week) were exposed to DE (at 200 μg/m 3 of particulate matter) or filtered-air (control) for 7 weeks (6 h/day, 5 days/week). iNOS expression in the blood vessels and heart was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. To examine iNOS activity, thoracic aortae were mounted in a wire myograph, and vasoconstriction stimulated by phenylephrine (PE) was measured with and without the presence of the specific inhibitor for iNOS (1400 W). NF-κB (p65) activity was examined by ELISA. The mRNA expression of iNOS and NF-κB (p65) was determined by real-time PCR. Results: DE exposure significantly enhanced iNOS expression in the thoracic aorta (4-fold) and heart (1.5 fold). DE exposure significantly attenuated PE-stimulated vasoconstriction by ∼ 20%, which was partly reversed by 1400 W. The mRNA expression of iNOS and NF-κB was significantly augmented after DE exposure. NF-κB activity was enhanced 2-fold after DE inhalation, and the augmented NF-κB activity was positively correlated with iNOS expression (R 2 = 0.5998). Conclusions: We show that exposure to DE increases iNOS expression and activity possibly via NF-κB-mediated pathway. We suspect that DE exposure-caused up-regulation of iNOS contributes to vascular dysfunction and atherogenesis, which could ultimately lead to urban air pollution-associated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. - Highlights: → Exposed ApoE knockout mice (30-week) to diesel exhaust (DE) for 7 weeks. → Examine iNOS expression and activity in the blood vessels and heart. → DE exposure

Envolvimento nos direitos humanos e sistemas de valores

OpenAIRE

Pereira,Cícero; Ribeiro,Ana Raquel Correia; Cardoso,Sandro José

2004-01-01

Com base no modelo da análise quantitativa das representações sociais, o estudo (N = 300) tratou do posicionamento de estudantes universitários em relação aos Direitos Humanos (DHs) e à ancoragem social desse posicionamento nos sistemas de valores dos estudantes. Os resultados mostram que as representações dos estudantes sobre o envolvimento nos DHs envolvem quatro princípios organizadores: pessoal-abstrato; pessoal-concreto; governamental-abstrato; governamental-concreto. Em relação à ancora...

Brain tumors in the first three years of life: a review of twenty cases Tumores do sistema nervoso central nos primeiros três anos de vida: revisão de vinte casos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Ávila de Espíndola

2007-12-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: To review the clinical and neuropathological findings as well as the type of therapy and outcome in 20 infants under 3 years-old with central nervous system (CNS tumor. They were treated at the Department of Neurology, "Hospital das Clínicas" University of São Paulo Medical School, from January 1997 to May 2001. RESULTS: Astrocytoma was the most common histological type (n=7, followed by ependymoma (n=3, medulloblastoma (n=2, craniopharyngioma (n=2 and desmoplastic ganglioglioma (n=2. The location of the tumor was predominantly supratentorial. Mean follow-up time was 20.2 months with recurrence in 7 cases. For each type of tumor we have emphasized the treatment currently recommended. CONCLUSION: Although follow-up time is not sufficient for analyzing survival, a trend of improvement in prognosis was noted, compared to another series of cases from our Institution that had been evaluated before 1990.OBJETIVO E MÉTODO: Avaliar os aspectos clínicos e histopatológicos, o tipo de tratamento e a evolução de 20 crianças menores de três anos de idade, com o diagnóstico de tumor de sistema nervoso central, que foram tratadas em nossa Instituição no período de janeiro de 1997 a maio de 2001. RESULTADOS: O astrocitoma foi o tumor mais comum (n=7, seguido pelo ependimoma (n=3, meduloblastoma (n=2, craniofaringioma (n=2 e ganglioglioma desmoplásico infantil (n=2. A localização do tumor foi predominantemente supratentorial. A média de seguimento foi 20,2 meses e houve recidiva em sete casos. Para cada tipo de tumor enfatizamos o tipo de tratamento recomendado na atualidade. CONCLUSÃO: Embora o tempo de seguimento não seja suficiente, ainda, para analisar a sobrevida, foi notada nítida tendência a melhor prognóstico em comparação com a casuística proviniente de nossa Instituição que analisou casos abordados antes da década de 90.

Peculiarities of antioxidant system and iron metabolism in organism during development of tumor resistance to cisplatin.

Science.gov (United States)

Chekhun, V F; Lozovska, Y V; Burlaka, A P; Lukyanova, N Y; Todor, I N; Naleskina, L A

2014-09-01

To study in vivo the peculiarities of changes of iron metabolism and antioxidant system in dynamics of growth of Guerin carcinoma with different sensitivity to cisplatin. In order to evaluate the content of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in tumor homogenates and blood serum of rats with cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant Guerin carcinoma the immunoenzyme method was used. The evaluation of ceruloplasmin activity, content of "free iron" complexes, superoxide and NO-generating acti-vity of NADPH-oxidase and iNOS activity in neutrophils, blood serum and tumor homogenates was measured by EPR-spectro-scopy. Maximal accumulation of MT-1 in blood serum and tumor, more pronounced in resistant strain, at the border of latent and exponential phase of growth has been shown that is the evidence of protective role of this protein in the respect to the generation of free radical compounds. It has been determined that in animals with cisplatin-resistant strain of Guerin carcinoma, increase of "free iron" complexes is more apparent both on the level of tumor and organism on the background on increase of CP/TR ratio that is the consequence of organism antioxidant protection system disorder. Mentioned changes in metabolism of iron with its accumulation in tumor and further reprogramming of mitochondria metabolism and activity of NADPH-oxidase for non-transformed cells are favorable conditions for the formation of oxidative phenotype of tumor.

Esfenoidotomia anterior para acesso aos tumores selares: nota técnica

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Landeiro José Alberto

2001-01-01

Full Text Available A dissecção da mucosa do septo nasal durante o acesso transesfenoidal tradicional tem significante morbidade. A técnica de acesso direto ao seio esfenoidal, sem descolamento da mucosa septal é descrita. Elimina complicações como perfuração de septo, perda do olfato, epistaxe, fístula oronasal e dormência nos lábios. A esfenoidotomia pode ser feita sob visão do microscópio cirúrgico, do endoscópio ou mesmo sob luz frontal, e proporciona um ótimo espaço para remoção dos tumores de origem selar.

Circulating Blood eNOS Contributes to the Regulation of Systemic Blood Pressure and Nitrite Homeostasis

Science.gov (United States)

Wood, Katherine C.; Cortese-Krott, Miriam M.; Kovacic, Jason C.; Noguchi, Audrey; Liu, Virginia B.; Wang, Xunde; Raghavachari, Nalini; Boehm, Manfred; Kato, Gregory J.; Kelm, Malte; Gladwin, Mark T.

2013-01-01

Objective Mice genetically deficient in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS−/−) are hypertensive with lower circulating nitrite levels, indicating the importance of constitutively produced nitric oxide (NO•) to blood pressure regulation and vascular homeostasis. While the current paradigm holds that this bioactivity derives specifically from expression of eNOS in endothelium, circulating blood cells also express eNOS protein. A functional red cell eNOS that modulates vascular NO• signaling has been proposed. Approach and Results To test the hypothesis that blood cells contribute to mammalian blood pressure regulation via eNOS-dependent NO• generation, we cross-transplanted WT and eNOS−/− mice, producing chimeras competent or deficient for eNOS expression in circulating blood cells. Surprisingly, we observed a significant contribution of both endothelial and circulating blood cell eNOS to blood pressure and systemic nitrite levels, the latter being a major component of the circulating NO• reservoir. These effects were abolished by the NOS inhibitor L-NAME and repristinated by the NOS substrate L-Arginine, and were independent of platelet or leukocyte depletion. Mouse erythrocytes were also found to carry an eNOS protein and convert 14C-Arginine into 14C-Citrulline in a NOS-dependent fashion. Conclusions These are the first studies to definitively establish a role for a blood borne eNOS, using cross transplant chimera models, that contributes to the regulation of blood pressure and nitrite homeostasis. This work provides evidence suggesting that erythrocyte eNOS may mediate this effect. PMID:23702660

Gânglio inguinal como única evidência de cancro progressivo do pulmão

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Zafer Kocak

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Os tumores que metastizam para os gânglios inguinais têm frequentemente origem nos órgãos genitais e reprodutores, na pele, no recto ou ânus, ou na bexiga 1,2. Há, no entanto, algumas descrições de casos raros de metástases inguinais de tumores localizados acima do diafragma2−5, e apenas três destes apresentavam uma metástase inguinal reconhecida antes da morte. Estes casos estão detalhadamente descritos na literatura médica de língua inglesa3−5. Os tumores primários destes casos eram mesotelioma maligno e carcinomas do conduto salivar e da mama. Descrevemosum caso de carcinoma do pulmão que metastizou para gânglio inguinal, como única evidência de cancro do pulmão progressivo.Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (5: 709-713 Abstact: Tumours that metastasise to groin nodes most frequently originate in genital and reproductive organs, skin, rectum or anus, or urinary bladder 1,2. However, rare cases of inguinal metastases from tumours above the diaphragm have been reported 2−5 and only three of them had an inguinal metastasis which was recognised antemortem and reported in detail in the English medical literature 3−5. The primary tumours of these cases were malignant mesothelioma, salivary duct and breast carcinoma. In this paper, we report a case of carcinoma of the lung metastatic to an inguinal lymph node as the only evidence of progressive lung cancer.Rev Port Pneumol 2008; XIV (5: 709-713 Palavras-chave: Carcinoma do pulmão de não pequenas células, gânglio inguinal, metástase, progressão da doença, Key-words: Non-small cell lung carcinoma, inguinal lymph node, metastasis, disease progression

Macrophages activate iNOS signaling in adventitial fibroblasts and contribute to adventitia fibrosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Guannan; Li, Xiaodong; Sheng, Chengyu; Chen, Xiaohui; Chen, Yu; Zhu, Dingliang; Gao, Pingjin

2016-12-30

A large amount of NO is generated through the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway from the vascular adventitia in various vascular diseases. However, it is currently not fully understood how the iNOS signaling pathway is activated. In the present study, this question was addressed in the context of adventitial cellular interactions. A rat model of acute hypertension in the contralateral carotid arteries was established through transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. In this model, activated macrophages were found surrounded by a large quantity of iNOS-expressing adventitial fibroblasts (AFs), suggesting a possible causal relationship between macrophages and iNOS activation of the neighboring AFs. In an in vitro model, a macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7 was first activated by LPS treatment. The supernatant was then harvested and applied to treat primary rat AFs. iNOS in AFs was activated robustly by the supernatant treatment but not by LPS itself. Treating AFs with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) also activated iNOS signaling, suggesting that the IL-1β pathway might be a possible mediator. As a consequence of the iNOS activation, total protein nitration and S-nitrosylation significantly increased in those AFs. Additionally, increased deposition of type I and type III collagens was observed in both in vitro and in vivo models. The collagen deposition was partially restored by an iNOS inhibitor, 1400 W. These findings highlight the importance of iNOS signaling during vascular inflammation, and advance our understanding of its activation through a cellular interaction perspective. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Pleurodese nos derrames pleurais malignos: um inquérito entre médicos em países da América do Sul e Central Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions: a survey of physicians in South and Central America

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Evaldo Marchi

2010-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A pleurodese é uma alternativa eficaz no controle dos derrames pleurais malignos, mas existem controvérsias a respeito de sua indicação e técnica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar como é realizada a pleurodese em países da América do Sul e Central. MÉTODOS: Profissionais que realizam pleurodese responderam um questionário sobre critérios de indicação para pleurodese, técnicas utilizadas e desfechos. RESULTADOS: Nossa amostra envolveu 147 profissionais no Brasil, 49 em outros países da América do Sul e 36 em países da América Central. Mais de 50% dos participantes realizavam pleurodese somente se confirmada a malignidade no derrame pleural. Entretanto, escalas de dispneia e de status de performance eram raramente utilizadas para indicar o procedimento. Aproximadamente 75% dos participantes no Brasil e na América Central preferiam realizar a pleurodese somente no caso de recidiva do derrame, e a expansão pulmonar deveria variar de 90% a 100%. O talco slurry foi o agente mais utilizado, instilado via drenos de calibre intermediário. A toracoscopia foi realizada em menos de 25% dos casos. Febre e dor torácica foram os efeitos adversos mais comuns, e empiema ocorreu em OBJECTIVE: Pleurodesis is an effective alternative for the control of malignant pleural effusions. However, there is as yet no consensus regarding the indications for the procedure and the techniques employed therein. The objective of this study was to evaluate how pleurodesis is performed in South and Central America. METHODS: Professionals who perform pleurodesis completed a questionnaire regarding the indications for the procedure, the techniques used therein, and the outcomes obtained. RESULTS: Our sample comprised 147 respondents in Brazil, 49 in other South American countries, and 36 in Central America. More than 50% of the respondents reported performing pleurodesis only if pleural malignancy had been confirmed. However, scores on dyspnea and

Association between nucleotide mutation of eNOS gene and serum ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Various mutation on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOs) gene cause reduced production of NO, the expansion factor (VEF) and may accelerate the process of atherosclerosis. The study was designed to investigate the frequency of T-786C polymorphism of the gene or nucleotide mutation of eNOS gene in patients ...

Tumor do VIII nervo com apresentação incomum An uncommon presentation of an VIII nerve tumor

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Rubem Cruz Swensson

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Os Schwannomas vestibulares são responsáveis por 80 a 90% dos tumores do ângulo ponto-cerebelar. A atual incidência é estimada em 0,8% a 2,5% da população mundial. A hipoacusia unilateral e progressiva é o sintoma mais precoce e freqüente, sendo o tinido a segunda queixa mais comum. Estudos demonstram que apenas 5% dos pacientes com schwannoma vestibular têm exames audiométricos normais. No caso em foco é relatado hipoestesia da hemiface com diminuição do reflexo córneo palpebral ipsilateral, hipoestesia da porção póstero-superior do pavilhão auditivo (sinal de Hitzelberger positivo, diminuição do lacrimejamento, Romberg sensibilizado positivo. Observava-se discreto desvio da rima labial para a esquerda, não apresentando outras alterações nos demais pares cranianos. À acumetria, não havia alteração da sensibilidade auditiva em ambas as vias aéreas.Vestibular Shwannomas are responsible for 80-90% of the cerebelar-pontine angle tumors and their incidence is of 0.8 to 20.5% of all tumors. Unilateral and progressive hearing loss is the most frequent and premature symptom, and tinnitus is the second most common complaint. Only 5% of the patients have normal audiograms. In this case the patient complained of ipsilateral facial numbness and weak blink, posterior pinna hypoesthesia (Hitzelberger +, tear reduction and positive Romberg test. He also had mouth twisting but no other involvement of other cranial nerves. Hearing acuity was normal.

Inmunoterapia del cáncer: Importancia de controlar la inmunosupresión Cancer immunotherapy: Importance of overcoming immune suppression

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Mariana Malvicini

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Es cada vez mayor la evidencia experimental y clínica de que el sistema inmunitario interviene activamente en la patogénesis y el control de la progresión tumoral. Una respuesta antitumoral efectiva depende de la correcta interacción de varios componentes del sistema inmunitario, como las células presentadoras de antígeno y diferentes sub-poblaciones de linfocitos T. Sin embargo, los tumores malignos desarrollan numerosos mecanismos para evadir el reconocimiento y su eliminación por parte del sistema inmunitario. En esta revisión discutiremos algunos de esos mecanismos y posibles estrategias terapéuticas para contrarrestarlos.Increasing evidence indicates that the immune system is involved in the control of tumor progression. Effective antitumor immune response depends on the interaction between several components of the immune system, including antigen-presenting cells and different T cell subsets. However, tumor cells develop a number of mechanisms to escape recognition and elimination by the immune system. In this review we discuss these mechanisms and address possible therapeutic approaches to overcome the immune suppression generated by tumors.

Function of miR-146a-5p in Tumor Cells As a Regulatory Switch between Cell Death and Angiogenesis: Macrophage Therapy Revisited

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Elina Simanovich

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Tumors survive and progress by evading killing mechanisms of the immune system, and by generating a tumor microenvironment (TME that reprograms macrophages in situ to produce factors that support tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We have previously shown that by blocking the translation of the enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, miR-146a-5p inhibits nitric oxide (NO production in a mouse renal carcinoma cell line (RENCA, thereby endowing RENCA cells with resistance to macrophage-induced cell death. Here, we expand these findings to the mouse colon carcinoma CT26 cell line and demonstrate that neutralizing miR-146a-5p’s activity by transfecting both RENCA and CT26 cells with its antagomir restored iNOS expression and NO production and enhanced susceptibility to macrophage-induced cell death (by 48 and 25%, respectively, p < 0.001. Moreover, miR-146a-5p suppression simultaneously inhibited the expression of the pro-angiogenic protein EMMPRIN (threefolds, p < 0.001, leading to reduced MMP-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion (twofolds and threefolds, respectively, p < 0.05, and reduced angiogenesis, as estimated by in vitro tube formation and scratch assays. When we injected tumors with pro-inflammatory-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages together with i.v. injection of the miR-146a-5p antagomir, we found inhibited tumor growth (sixfolds, p < 0.001 and angiogenesis (twofolds, p < 0.01, and increased apoptosis (twofolds, p < 0.01. This combination therapy increased nitrites and reduced TGFβ concentrations in tumor lysates, alleviated immune suppression, and allowed enhanced infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Thus, miR-146a-5p functions as a control switch between angiogenesis and cell death, and its neutralization can manipulate the crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages and profoundly change the TME. This strategy can be therapeutically utilized in combination with the macrophage

Electroacupuncture Delays Hypertension Development through Enhancing NO/NOS Activity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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Hye Suk Hwang

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, this study investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA could reduce early stage hypertension by examining nitric oxide (NO levels in plasma and nitric oxide synthase (NOS levels in the mesenteric resistance artery. EA was applied to the acupuncture point Governor Vessel 20 (GV20 or to a non-acupuncture point in the tail twice weekly for 3 weeks under anesthesia. In conscious SHR and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY rats, blood pressure was determined the day after EA treatment by the tail-cuff method. We measured plasma NO concentration, and evaluated endothelial NO syntheses (eNOS and neuronal NOS (nNOS protein expression in the mesenteric artery. Systolic blood pressure (SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP were lower after 3 weeks of GV20 treatment than EA at non-acupuncture point and no treatment control in SHR. nNOS expression by EA was significantly different between both WKY and no treatment SHR control, and EA at GV20 in SHR. eNOS expression was significantly high in EA at GV 20 compared with no treatment control. In conclusion, EA could attenuate the blood pressure elevation of SHR, along with enhancing NO/NOS activity in the mesenteric artery in SHR.

Reconstrucción de labio con Técnica de Karapandzic Reconstrução do lábio com a Técnica de Karapandzic Lip reconstruction with Karapandzic"s technique

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A. Matos da Fonseca

2007-03-01

Full Text Available El Carcinoma Epidermoide es el más frecuente entre los tumores malignos de los labios. La región de los labios representa una zona anatómica de interés debido a que tiene una frecuencia importante de patología tumoral y a que involucra el esfínter natural de la cavidad bucal. Su reconstrucción es un desafío para el cirujano, que debe tratar de lograr un buen resultado tanto funcional como estético. Debido a esto, se han descrito numerosas técnicas para la reconstrucción de esta zona. Nosotros seguimos una técnica basada en la preservación anatómica de los pedículos vásculonerviosos faciales que mantiene la irrigación y la funcionalidad futura del labio. Mostramos en este trabajo la aplicación clínica de dicha técnica.O Carcinoma Epidermóide é o mais frequente entre os tumores malignos dos lábios. A região labial representa uma zona anatómica de elevado interesse devido à frequência de patologia tumoral envolvendo aquele que é o esfíncter natural da cavidade bucal. A sua reconstrução é um desafio para o cirurgião, que deve tratar de conseguir um bom resultado, tanto funcional como estético. Por isso se descreveram numerosas técnicas para a reconstrução desta zona. Neste caso seguimos uma técnica baseada na preservação anatómica dos pedículos vasculo-nervosos faciais que mantêm a futura irrigação e funcionalidade do lábio. Apresentamos neste trabalho a aplicação clínica desta técnica.Epidermoid Carcinoma is the most frecuent malignant tumor of the lips. The lips represent an important area of interest because of the frequency of tumoral pathology and because it involves the natural sphincter of the oral cavity. Its reconstruction is a challenge for the surgeon, trying to achieve good results, not only functional but also aesthetic. Many techniques have been described for their reconstruction. We follow one based on the anatomical preservation of the facial vasculonervous pediculus that keeps the

Expression of Beta-catenin, COX-2 and iNOS in Colorectal Cancer: Relevance of COX-2 and iNOS Inhibitors for Treatment in Malaysia

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Seok Kwan Hong

2004-01-01

Conclusions: The accumulation of β-catenin does not seem to be sufficient to activate pathways that lead to increased COX-2 and iNOS expression. A high proportion of colorectal cancers were found to express COX-2 and a significant number produced iNOS, suggesting that their inhibitors may be potentially useful as chemotherapeutic agents in the management of colorectal cancer.

A Internet que nos protege

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Luana Negrelly Saraiva

2001-02-01

Full Text Available A partir de uma análise das relações interpessoais nos canais de chat, pretende-se mostrar a Internet como um espaço de proteção da mesma sociedade repressora que a criou, abrindo portas para o desenvolvimento e o resgate dos valores humanos.

"Implementación de la Unidad de Quimioterapia para el Desarrollo Hospital General "Hosnag"

OpenAIRE

Espol; Alvarado Moran, Jairon; Hoppe Zambrano, Angela

2016-01-01

En la actualidad el cáncer es una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial, provocando cerca de 8 millones de muerte al año, para el 2025 se diagnosticarán 19.3 millones de nuevos casos, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Según esta organización registró que los tumores malignos de estómago, hígado, colorrectal, pulmón y próstata son los mas comunes en los hombres; en las mujeres el cáncer de mamas, colorrectal, cuello de útero, pulmón y estómago. Guayaquil Magí...

Detección de mutaciones germinales en el gen PMS2 asociado a Síndrome de Lynch

OpenAIRE

Álvarez Río, Virginia

2014-01-01

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el cáncer se define como un término genérico que designa un amplio grupo de enfermedades que pueden afectar a cualquier parte del organismo; también se habla de «tumores malignos» o «neoplasias malignas». Una característica del cáncer es la multiplicación rápida de células anormales que se extienden más allá de sus límites habituales y pueden invadir partes adyacentes del cuerpo o propagarse a otros órganos, proceso conocido como ...

Linfoma no Hodgkin primario de mama, revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso

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Caridad Verdecia Cañizares

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El linfoma no Hodgkin primario de la mama es una entidad poco frecuente en pediatría y representa el 0,4 al 0,5 % de todos los tumores mamarios malignos. Debido a que carecen de características propias, tanto clínicas, citológicas como ecográficas, resulta muy difícil establecer el diagnóstico preoperatorio. Se presenta el caso de un linfoma no Hodgkin primario de la mama en una paciente de 3 años que llegó en estadio avanzado de la enfermedad, y se subraya la importancia del tratamiento en un equipo multidisciplinario.

Consideraciones sobre la prevención del cáncer de piel

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Rubén José Larrondo Muguercia

1996-06-01

Full Text Available Se exponen las diferentes categorías de las lesiones precancerosas de la piel y se indican en cada caso los cánceres a que dan origen. Se analizan las acciones a nivel primario de atención médica para la prevención de los tumores malignos de la piel. Se preconiza sobre el concepto de autoexamen de piel.The different categories of skin precancerous lesions are exposed as well as the cancers they give rise to in every case. Measures to be taken at the primary health care level for preventing malignant skin tumours are analyzed. The skin self-examination concept is explained.

Relação entre a superexpressão do receptor do fator de crescimento epitelial humano (HER-2) e estresse oxidativo em pacientes portadoras do câncer de mama

OpenAIRE

Vanessa Jacob Victorino

2012-01-01

Introdução e objetivos: O câncer de mama é o tumor maligno mais letal em mulheres em todo o mundo, e durante o seu desenvolvimento, cerca de 20% dos pacientes apresentam superexpressão do receptor do fator de crescimento epidérmico humano-2 (HER2/neu, também conhecido como ErbB2). A família HER2 abrange quatro outros membros presentes na membrana celular como dímeros: HER1, HER2, HER3 e HER4. HER2 pode dimerizar com outro HER2 ou com HER1, HER3 ou HER4. A superexpressão desses receptores poss...

Avaliação do pH salivar em pacientes submetidos a radioterapia à região de cabeça e pescoço

OpenAIRE

Gonçalves, Liliana Maria do Vale Costa

2015-01-01

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária A disfunção das glândulas salivares, como sequela da Radioterapia (RT) traduz-se geralmente em hipofunção salivar e consequente diminuição do pH. Este estudo avaliou o comportamento do pH salivar num grupo de 35 indivíduos submetidos a RT com fracionamento convencional, por tumores malignos da região de cabeça e pescoço. O acompanham...

Sarcoma de Kaposi por virus del herpes humano de tipo 8 en un receptor de trasplante hepático pediátrico: Caso clínico

OpenAIRE

Malla, Ivone; Pérez, Celeste; Cheang, Yu; Silva, Marcelo

2013-01-01

Los pacientes que reciben tratamiento inmunosupresor están en riesgo de desarrollar tumores malignos. La infección primaria o reactivación del virus del herpes humano de tipo 8 (HHV-8) puede predisponer al sarcoma de Kaposi después del trasplante de un órgano sólido. En los receptores de trasplantes pediátricos, este sarcoma tiene baja incidencia y mal pronóstico. Se informa la presentación clínica de un sarcoma de Kaposi en un ganglio linfático luego de una infección por HHV-8 en un niño a l...

Intoxicação experimental de suínos por fumonisinas

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Dilkin Paulo

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Os efeitos da exposição oral prolongada (28 dias à fumonisina foram estudados em suínos jovens. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos experimentais e alimentados com ração ad libitum contendo: A 0mg de FB1.kg-1 (controle; B 10mg de FB1.kg-1; C 30mg de FB1.kg-1. Os suínos foram observados duas vezes por dia; seus pesos e consumo alimentar foram registrados semanalmente. Entre o 20º e 24º dia de intoxicação, os suínos do tratamentos C apresentaram diminuição do consumo de ração e ganho de peso, sinais característicos de edema pulmonar, razão pela qual um animal foi levado a óbito aos 23 dias de intoxicação. Após 28 dias, os animais foram necropsiados e os órgãos submetidos a análises macroscópica, histopatológica e ao estudo da morfologia e histologia intestinal. Nos suínos que apresentaram sinais clínicos de intoxicação, observaram-se lesões pulmonares, hepáticas e diminuição de altura das vilosidades e profundidade das criptas e hiperplasia glandular em segmentos intestinais. Conclui-se, portanto, que substanciais perdas de produtividade podem ser induzidas em suínos alimentados com ração contaminada com baixos níveis de fumonisinas.

Participação das proteínas moesina e Rho-A na evolução dos tumores odontogênicos benignos

OpenAIRE

Paula Nascimento Antonio

2015-01-01

A moesina, uma das proteínas do complexo ERM (ezrina, radixina e moesina), está envolvida nos processos de migração e invasão tumoral, participando da dinâmica do citoesqueleto na movimentação celular associada à ativação da GTPase Rho-A. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a correlação da imunoexpressão da moesina e da Rho-A em tumores odontogênicos benignos, diagnosticados no Serviço de Anatomia Patológica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (USP), no período de 1963 a 2009. Um total de 45...

iNOS-dependent increase in colonic mucus thickness in DSS-colitic rats.

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Olof Schreiber

Full Text Available AIM: To investigate colonic mucus thickness in vivo in health and during experimental inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: Colitis was induced with 5% DSS in drinking water for 8 days prior to experiment, when the descending colonic mucosa of anesthetized rats was studied using intravital microscopy. Mucus thickness was measured with micropipettes attached to a micromanipulator. To assess the contributions of NOS and prostaglandins in the regulation of colonic mucus thickness, the non-selective NOS-inhibitor L-NNA (10 mg/kg bolus followed by 3 mg/kg/h, the selective iNOS-inhibitor L-NIL (10 mg/kg bolus followed by 3 mg/kg/h and the non-selective COX-inhibitor diclofenac (5 mg/kg were administered intravenously prior to experiment. To further investigate the role of iNOS in the regulation of colonic mucus thickness, iNOS -/- mice were used. RESULTS: Colitic rats had a thicker firmly adherent mucus layer following 8 days of DSS treatment than untreated rats (88±2 µm vs 76±1 µm. During induction of colitis, the thickness of the colonic mucus layer initially decreased but was from day 3 significantly thicker than in untreated rats. Diclofenac reduced the mucus thickness similarly in colitic and untreated rats (-16±5 µm vs -14±2 µm. While L-NNA had no effect on colonic mucus thickness in DSS or untreated controls (+3±2 µm vs +3±1 µm, L-NIL reduced the mucus thickness significantly more in colitic rats than in controls (-33±4 µm vs -10±3 µm. The importance of iNOS in regulating the colonic mucus thickness was confirmed in iNOS-/- mice, which had thinner colonic mucus than wild-type mice (35±3 µm vs 50±2 µm, respectively. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed increased levels of iNOS in the colonic surface epithelium following DSS treatment. CONCLUSION: Both prostaglandins and nitric oxide regulate basal colonic mucus thickness. During onset of colitis, the thickness of the mucus layer is initially reduced followed by an iNOS

Participação nos Lucros ou Resultados

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Luiz Felipe Ferreira

2007-03-01

Full Text Available A participação nos lucros ou resultados é uma forma de remuneração variável, pela qual não há incidência de encargos sociais, além de incentivar o aumento da produtividade, podendo assim ser utilizada pelas empresas como estratégia, para enfrentarem os desafios dinâmicos e competitivos em que atuam. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como sendo exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa e tem como objetivo conceituar e explanar as formas pela quais são praticadas a participação nos lucros ou resultados em empresas do setor alimentício em Santa Catarina, que foram escolhidas por meio do critério de acessibilidade e disponibilidade. Dos dados coletados, pode-se verificar que as empresas: COC Alimentos, Moinho Catarinense e Pepsico do Brasil utilizam a participação nos resultados e a Perdigão utiliza a participação mista. A Moinho Catarinense distribui para todos os empregados um salário nominal, como a CDC Alimentos, exceto para os gerentes. A Perdigão beneficia todos os empregados, sendo que 60% da distribuição é pelo lucro líquido e 40% por indicadores de desempenho. A Pepsico do Brasil distribui aos empregados operacionais 50% de um salário nominal e para os empregados da administração central um salário nominal, atrelado ao cumprimento de metas, especificadas no programa de participação nos lucros ou resultados.

Religião e patriotismo: o anticomunismo católico nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil nos anos da Guerra Fria

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Carla Simone Rodeghero

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa e compara o anticomunismo católico no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos no período da Guerra Fria. Depois de situar o campo de estudos constituído no Brasil sobre o tema, discute as relações entre americanismo e anticomunismo, procurando situar o catolicismo norte-americano neste meio. Utiliza-se de uma produção recente sobre cultura da Guerra Fria nos Estados Unidos. Levanta, finalmente, uma série de elementos de comparação sobre a forma que o anticomunismo católico assumiu nos dois países.This article analyses and compares the Catholic anticommunism in the Brazil and in United States during the Cold War years. After showing the recent studies produced in Brazil about the fight against communism, it discusses the relationship between Americanism, anticommunism and Catholicism. This step is based on recent historical research about the Cold War culture in the United States. Finally, it makes comparisons between the forms that anticommunism assumed in each country.

Influence of Cell-Cell Interactions on the Population Growth Rate in a Tumor

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yong

2017-12-01

The understanding of the macroscopic phenomenological models of the population growth at a microscopic level is important to predict the population behaviors emerged from the interactions between the individuals. In this work, we consider the influence of the population growth rate R on the cell-cell interaction in a tumor system and show that, in most cases especially small proliferative probabilities, the regulative role of the interaction will be strengthened with the decline of the intrinsic proliferative probabilities. For the high replication rates of an individual and the cooperative interactions, the proliferative probability almost has no effect. We compute the dependences of R on the interactions between the cells under the approximation of the nearest neighbor in the rim of an avascular tumor. Our results are helpful to qualitatively understand the influence of the interactions between the individuals on the growth rate in population systems. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11675008 and 21434001

O papel de imunoglobulinas na nefropatia da leptospirose em suínos

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Larissa M.F. Gonçalves

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A leptospirose é uma antropozoonose endêmica em todo o mundo, que afeta o homem e várias espécies de animais domésticos e silvestres. No início da infecção há produção de IgM para o controle da infecção e após alguns dias, IgG são produzidas e provocam lise das leptospiras circulantes. Objetivou-se neste estudo identificar depósitos de antígeno de leptospiras e imunoglobulinas no tecido renal, para avaliar o papel de imunoglobulinas na patogênese da nefropatia da leptospirose em suínos. Foram colhidas 139 amostras de sangue e rim de suínos das cidades de Teresina/PI e Timon/MA, que foram avaliadas pela SAM, imunoistoquímica e PCR. Nefrite intersticial, fibrose, vasculite, tumefação do tufo glomerular e hipercelularidade difusa foram as principais alterações histopatológicas encontradas. A imunoistoquímica detectou antígeno de leptospira em 60 suínos. Depósitos de IgG, IgM e IgA foram observados no endotélio de capilares glomerulares, dos capilares intertubulares e na cápsula de Bowman, com marcação focal, difusa, global e segmentar. A deposição de IgM e IgA foi significantemente maior nos suínos infectados. Estranhamente depósitos de IgG foi significantemente maior nos suínos não infectados, onde não havia presença de antígeno de leptospiras e nem lesão túbulo-intersticial. Concluímos que antígeno de leptospiras no rim de suínos está relacionado a depósitos de IgM e IgA mas não a depósitos de IgG.

Multicentric malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shukla, Shailaja; Singh, Sanjeet K; Pujani, Mukta

2009-01-01

Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare type of sarcoma that is found in the digestive system, most often in the wall of the stomach. Multiple GISTs are extremely rare and usually associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis and familial GIST. We report here a case of a 70-year-old woman who reported pain in the abdomen, loss of appetite, and weight loss for six months. Ultrasound examination showed a small bowel mass along with multiple peritoneal deposits and a mass within the liver. Barium studies were suggestive of a neoplastic pathology of the distal ileum. A differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma/lymphoma with metastases was entertained. Perioperative findings showed two large growths arising from the jejunum and the distal ileum, along with multiple smaller nodules on the serosal surface and adjoining mesentery of the involved bowel segments. Segmental resection of the involved portions of the intestine was performed. Histopathological features were consistent with those of multicentric malignant GIST-not otherwise specified (GIST-NOS). Follow-up examination three months after surgery showed no evidence of recurrence. (author)

81. Tumor maligno en cav idad ca rdíaca simulando trombosis quística

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M.aT. Conejero Jurado

2010-01-01

Conclusiones: Los sarcomas cardíacos, por su clínica inespecífica y baja incidencia, son difíciles de diagnosticar. La supervivencia a corto plazo es baja. La imagen ecográfica, «simulando» una trombosis quística, es extremadamente rara. La intervención probablemente no se habría indicado en caso de sospecha preoperatorio de sarcoma.

A novel multiplex PCR-RFLP method for simultaneous detection of the MTHFR 677 C > T, eNOS +894 G > T and - eNOS -786 T > C variants among Malaysian Malays

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Loo Keat

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Hyperhomocysteinemia as a consequence of the MTHFR 677 C > T variant is associated with cardiovascular disease and stroke. Another factor that can potentially contribute to these disorders is a depleted nitric oxide level, which can be due to the presence of eNOS +894 G > T and eNOS −786 T > C variants that make an individual more susceptible to endothelial dysfunction. A number of genotyping methods have been developed to investigate these variants. However, simultaneous detection methods using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP analysis are still lacking. In this study, a novel multiplex PCR-RFLP method for the simultaneous detection of MTHFR 677 C > T and eNOS +894 G > T and eNOS −786 T > C variants was developed. A total of 114 healthy Malay subjects were recruited. The MTHFR 677 C > T and eNOS +894 G > T and eNOS −786 T > C variants were genotyped using the novel multiplex PCR-RFLP and confirmed by DNA sequencing as well as snpBLAST. Allele frequencies of MTHFR 677 C > T and eNOS +894 G > T and eNOS −786 T > C were calculated using the Hardy Weinberg equation. Methods The 114 healthy volunteers were recruited for this study, and their DNA was extracted. Primer pair was designed using Primer 3 Software version 0.4.0 and validated against the BLAST database. The primer specificity, functionality and annealing temperature were tested using uniplex PCR methods that were later combined into a single multiplex PCR. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP was performed in three separate tubes followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR product residual was purified and sent for DNA sequencing. Results The allele frequencies for MTHFR 677 C > T were 0.89 (C allele and 0.11 (T allele; for eNOS +894 G > T, the allele frequencies were 0.58 (G allele and 0.43 (T allele; and for eNOS −786 T > C, the allele

Circulating NOS3 modulates left ventricular remodeling following reperfused myocardial infarction.

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Simone Gorressen

Full Text Available Nitric oxide (NO is constitutively produced and released from the endothelium and several blood cell types by the isoform 3 of the NO synthase (NOS3. We have shown that NO protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R injury and that depletion of circulating NOS3 increases within 24 h of ischemia/reperfusion the size of myocardial infarction (MI in chimeric mice devoid of circulating NOS3. In the current study we hypothesized that circulating NOS3 also affects remodeling of the left ventricle following reperfused MI.To analyze the role of circulating NOS3 we transplanted bone marrow of NOS3-/- and wild type (WT mice into WT mice, producing chimerae expressing NOS3 only in vascular endothelium (BC-/EC+ or in both, blood cells and vascular endothelium (BC+/EC+. Both groups underwent 60 min of coronary occlusion in a closed-chest model of reperfused MI. During the 3 weeks post MI, structural and functional LV remodeling was serially assessed (24 h, 4 d, 1 w, 2 w and 3 w by echocardiography. At 72 hours post MI, gene expression of several extracellular matrix (ECM modifying molecules was determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. At 3 weeks post MI, hemodynamics were obtained by pressure catheter, scar size and collagen content were quantified post mortem by Gomori's One-step trichrome staining.Three weeks post MI, LV end-systolic (53.2±5.9 μl; ***p≤0.001; n = 5 and end-diastolic volumes (82.7±5.6 μl; *p<0.05; n = 5 were significantly increased in BC-/EC+, along with decreased LV developed pressure (67.5±1.8 mm Hg; n = 18; ***p≤0.001 and increased scar size/left ventricle (19.5±1.5%; n = 13; **p≤0.01 compared to BC+/EC+ (ESV: 35.6±2.2 μl; EDV: 69.1±2.6 μl n = 8; LVDP: 83.2±3.2 mm Hg; n = 24; scar size/LV13.8±0.7%; n = 16. Myocardial scar of BC-/EC+ was characterized by increased total collagen content (20.2±0.8%; n = 13; ***p≤0.001 compared to BC+/EC+ (15.9±0.5; n = 16, and increased collagen type I and III subtypes

Role of iNOS and eNOS expression in a group of Egyptian diabetic and nondiabetic nephropathy patients

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Mayssa I. Aly

2013-01-01

Conclusion The presence of iNOS is associated with tubular damage resulting in renal failure. The upregulation of NO in diabetes mellitus type 2 may explain the endothelial dysfunction that is associated with almost all diabetic complications.

Evolução do carcinoma colorretal, comparando doentes com idades acima e abaixo de 40 anos, quanto à diferenciação tumoral e ao estádio do tumor Colorectal cancer evolution, comparing patients yourger and older than 40 years old, according to tumoral differentiation and tumor stage

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Luis Roberto Manzione Nadal

2009-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A incidência elevada do carcinoma colorretal o torna problema de saúde pública no nosso país. Os poucos trabalhos na literatura, bem como as dúvidas relacionando a idade com a evolução da doença, estimularam-nos a realizar esse trabalho para conhecer as divergências quanto à diferenciação tumoral e o estádio na evolução dessa neoplasia, comparando doentes com idades acima e abaixo de 40 anos. MÉTODO: Comparar 205 doentes de adenocarcinoma colorretal com idades acima e abaixo de 40 anos quanto ao tempo de sintomas, história familiar, localização do tumor, estádio do tumor, diferenciação, morte operatória, local de metástases e mortalidade até 3 anos. RESULTADOS: Eram 20 no grupo mais jovem e 185 entre os mais idosos. Não houve diferença em relação ao sexo, ao tempo de início de sintomas, à história familiar, ao local de tumor no cólon, ao estádio, ao aparecimento de recidivas, à mortalidade operatória e à sobrevivência até o terceiro ano pós-operatório. No grupo mais jovem os tumores foram mais indiferenciados e as metástases abdominais predominaram. No grupo mais velho houve maior incidência de metástases hepáticas e pulmonares. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos nas condições de execução do presente estudo, em que comparamos doentes portadores de adenocarcinoma colorretal com idades acima e abaixo de 40 anos, permitiram concluir que os tumores foram mais indiferenciados entre os mais jovens embora a evolução pós-tratamento tenha sido semelhante.OBJECTIVE: High incidence of colorectal carcinoma turns it into a public health problem in our country. A few articles, as well as some doubts about patients age and disease evolution, made us study these features to know about tumor cells differentiation and tumor staging in the post-operative follow-up, comparing patients younger and older than 40 years old. METHOD: Comparison of 205 colorectal carcinoma patients younger and older than 40

TERMOS AMBIENTAIS E SOCIAIS NOS RELATÓRIOS DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO

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Ilse Maria Beuren

2012-07-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetiva verificar a tendência dos termos ambientais e sociais evidenciados nos relatórios da administração de 1997 a 2006 de empresas familiares brasileiras. Realizou-se pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de pesquisa documental e da técnica de análise de conteúdo nos RA de 1997 a 2006. No universo das 500 maiores empresas listadas na Revista Exame, edição 2006, identificaram-se 21 empresas familiares de capital aberto e de controle acionário brasileiro, mas dessas somente 16 publicaram seu RA nos dez anos considerados. Os resultados mostram que a oscilação na quantidade de páginas dos RA ao longo dos anos apresenta relação com algum evento ocorrido nas empresas. A evidenciação dos termos ambientais está mais relacionada às medidas tomadas para cuidar e preservar o meio ambiente do que aos passivos ambientais. A evidenciação dos termos sociais foi direcionada de maneira equilibrada ao público interno e externo. Conclui-se que há uma tendência nos termos ambientais e sociais evidenciados nos RA de 1997 a 2006 das empresas pesquisadas, ainda que tenham sido incorporados vários termos novos ao longo do período.

Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Neutrophils in Tumor Microenvironment

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Jaehong Kim

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Distinct tumor microenvironment forms in each progression step of cancer and has diverse capacities to induce both adverse and beneficial consequences for tumorigenesis. It is now known that immune cells can be activated to favor tumor growth and progression, most probably influenced by the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils can exert protumoral functions, enhancing tumor cell invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling, while inhibiting the antitumoral immune surveillance. Considering that neutrophils in inflammatory environments recruit macrophages and that recruited macrophages affect neutrophil functions, there may be various degrees of interaction between tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils. Platelets also play an important role in the recruitment and regulation of monocytic and granulocytic cells in the tumor tissues, suggesting that platelet function may be essential for generation of tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils. In this review, we will explore the biology of tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils and their possible interactions in the tumor microenvironment. Special attention will be given to the recruitment and activation of these tumor-associated cells and to the roles they play in maintenance of the tumor microenvironment and progression of tumors.

Using a Professional Development Program for Enhancing Chilean Biology Teachers' Understanding of Nature of Science (NOS) and Their Perceptions about Using History of Science to Teach NOS

Science.gov (United States)

Pavez, José M.; Vergara, Claudia A.; Santibañez, David; Cofré, Hernán

2016-01-01

A number of authors have recognized the importance of understanding the nature of science (NOS) for scientific literacy. Different instructional strategies such as decontextualized, hands-on inquiry, and history of science (HOS) activities have been proposed for teaching NOS. This article seeks to understand the contribution of HOS in enhancing…

Endocrine tumors other than thyroid tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takeichi, Norio; Dohi, Kiyohiko

1992-01-01

This paper discusses the tendency for the occurrence of tumors in the endocrine glands, other than the thyroid gland, in A-bomb survivors using both autopsy and clinical data. ABCC-RERF sample data using 4136 autopsy cases (1961-1977) revealed parathyroid tumors in 13 A-bomb survivors, including 3 with the associated hyperparathyroidism, with the suggestion of dose-dependent increase in the occurrence of tumors. Based on clinical data from Hiroshima University, 7 (46.7%) of 15 parathyroid tumors cases were A-bomb survivors. Data (1974-1987) from the Tumor Registry Committee (TRC) in Hiroshima Prefecture revealed that a relative risk of parathyroid tumors was 5.6 times higher in the entire group of A-bomb survivors and 16.2 times higher in the group of heavily exposed A-bomb survivors, suggesting the dose-dependent increase in their occurrence. Adrenal tumors were detected in 47 of 123 cases from the TRC data, and 15 (31.5%) of these 47 were A-bomb survivors. Particularly, 11 cases of adrenal tumors associated with Cushing syndrome included 6 A-bomb survivors (54.5%). The incidence of multiple endocrine gonadial tumors (MEGT) tended to be higher with increasing exposure doses; and the 1-9 rad group, the 10-99 rad group, and the 100 or more rad group had a risk of developing MEGT of 4.1, 5.7, and 7.1, respectively, relative to both the not-in the city group and the 0 rad group. These findings suggested that there is a correlation between A-bomb radiation and the occurrence of parathyroid tumors (including hyperparathyroidism), adrenal tumors associated with Cushing syndrome and MEGT (especially, the combined thyroid and ovarian tumors and the combined thyroid and parathyroid tumors). (N.K.)

Inhibition of Acute Phase Inflammation by Laminaria japonica through Regulation of iNOS-NF-κB Pathway

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Seong Kyu Park

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Laminaria japonica has been frequently used as food supplements in many of the Asian countries and as a drug in traditional oriental medicine. This research investigated the effects of Laminaria japonica extract (LJE on acute phase inflammation in a carrageenan-induced paw edema model, as assessed by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. The effect of LJE was also evaluated in Raw264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS in the aspect of the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines production. NO, PGE2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 contents were assayed by ELISA, and inducible NO synthase (iNOS and cyclooxygenase (COX-2 expressions were determined by western blot analyses. In rats, LJE treatment inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema formation and infiltration of inflammatory cells in H&E staining. LJE treatment prevented the ability of LPS to increase the levels of iNOS and COX-2 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistently, LJE suppressed the production of TNF-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. Treatment of the cells with LJE caused inhibition of inhibitor of κBα phosphorylation induced by LPS, suggesting LJE repression of nuclear factor-κB activity by LPS. In conclusion, this study shown here may be of help to understand the action mechanism of LJE and the anti-inflammatory use of L. japonica.

Tumor cell-derived microparticles polarize M2 tumor-associated macrophages for tumor progression.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Ruihua; Ji, Tiantian; Chen, Degao; Dong, Wenqian; Zhang, Huafeng; Yin, Xiaonan; Ma, Jingwei; Liang, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Yi; Shen, Guanxin; Qin, Xiaofeng; Huang, Bo

2016-04-01

Despite identification of macrophages in tumors (tumor-associated macrophages, TAM) as potential targets for cancer therapy, the origin and function of TAM in the context of malignancy remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that microparticles (MPs), as a by-product, released by tumor cells act as a general mechanism to mediate M2 polarization of TAM. Taking up tumor MPs by macrophages is a very efficient process, which in turn results in the polarization of macrophages into M2 type, not only leading to promoting tumor growth and metastasis but also facilitating cancer stem cell development. Moreover, we demonstrate that the underlying mechanism involves the activation of the cGAS/STING/TBK1/STAT6 pathway by tumor MPs. Finally, in addition to murine tumor MPs, we show that human counterparts also possess consistent effect on human M2 polarization. These findings provide new insights into a critical role of tumor MPs in remodeling of tumor microenvironment and better understanding of the communications between tumors and macrophages.

Puberdade precoce causada por tumores intracranianos: relato de 4 casos Pubertas praecox due to intracranial tumors: report of 4 cases

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Reynaldo A. Brandt

1974-12-01

Full Text Available São relatados 4 casos de puberdade precoce conseqüentes a tumores intracranianos: um teratoma adulto do ventrículo lateral, um astrocitoma protoplasmático do terceiro ventrículo e diencéfalo, um astroblastoma do ter- ceiro ventrículo e diencéfalo e um hamartoma hipotalâmico. São apresentadas teorias que tentam explicar os mecanismos hormonais envolvidos e é salientada a importância do diagnóstico neuroradiológico preciso, pela possibilidade de cura em alguns casos e de tratamento satisfatório nos demais.Four cases of precocious puberty secondary to intracranial tumors are reported. A 3 year and 11 month old boy had a teratoma in the left lateral ventricle and total surgical excision was followed by recovery. An 8 year old girl with a protoplasmic astrocytoma of the third ventricle diagnosed by biopsy, followed by shunting and cobalt therapy was discharged improved. A five year old boy with an extensive astroblastoma of the diencephalon died following biopsy and shunting of cerebrospinal fluid. A posterior hypothalamic hamartoma totally excised from a 3 year old girl was followed by remission of the precocious puberty. The theories of hormonal mechanisms leading to precocious puberty are presented. It is stressed the importance of pneumoencephalography in the diagnosis of intracranial hamartomas, for they lack neurological signs.

Stress-restress evokes sustained iNOS activity and altered GABA levels and NMDA receptors in rat hippocampus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harvey, Brian H; Oosthuizen, Frasia; Brand, Linda

2004-01-01

. The NOS isoform involved, and the role of stress-mediated corticosterone release in NOS activation, was verified with the administration of selective iNOS and nNOS inhibitors, aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg/day i.p.) and 7-nitroindazole (12.5 mg/kg/day i.p.), and the steroid synthesis inhibitor, ketoconazole...... (24 mg/kg/day i.p.), administered for 21 days prior to and during the stress procedure. RESULTS: Stress evoked a sustained increase in NOS activity, but reduced NMDA receptor density and total GABA levels. Aminoguanidine or ketoconazole, but not 7-nitroindazole or saline, blocked stress-induced NOS...

Tumores intracranianos em pacientes encaminhados para estudos por tomografia de coerência óptica como portadores de glaucoma sem hipertensão ocular: relato de dois casos Intracranial tumors in patients referred for optical coherence tomography examination as glaucoma suspects: case report

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Laurentino Biccas Neto

2009-10-01

Full Text Available A tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT tem se mostrado muito útil na avaliação de pacientes com glaucoma. São relatadas duas pacientes referidas com a suspeita de glaucoma sem hipertensão para avaliação por tomografia de coerência óptica que, na verdade, eram portadoras de tumores intracranianos - um cordoma de clivo no primeiro caso e um craniofaringeoma no segundo. Os achados à tomografia de coerência óptica - diminuição difusa da espessura da camada de fibras nervosas circumdiscais desproporcionalmente acentuada nos setores nasal e temporal - levantaram a suspeita de acometimento na região do quiasma e permitiram o diagnóstico destes importantes tumores intracranianos.Optical coherence tomography (OCT has proved to be a very valuable tool in the assessment of patients with glaucoma. In this report, intracranial tumors were discovered in two glaucoma suspects referred for diagnostic confirmation by OCT - a clivus chordoma and a craniopharyngeoma. Optical coherence tomography findings - marked asymmetrical diffuse attenuation of the peripapillary nerve fiber layer in nasal and temporal sectors - raised concerns about lesions in chiasmatic region and permitted the timely diagnosis of these intraocular tumors.

Variacion de la incidencia de tumores asociados o no al sida en un centro ambulatorio, 1997-2005 Incidence variation in malignancies associated or not with AIDS at an outpatient care center, 1997-2005

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Marcelo Laurido

2007-06-01

Full Text Available En Argentina no existe información publicada sobre la incidencia de tumores asociados (TAS y no asociados al sida (TnoAS en pacientes con infección por HIV. Nuestro objetivo fue establecer la incidencia de estos tumores en un centro de atención ambulatoria entre 1997 y 2005. Se reconocieron 103 tumores malignos, de los cuales 73 eran TAS y 30 TnoAS. No hubo diferencias en edad, distribución por sexo y porcentaje de pacientes bajo tratamiento antirretroviral de gran eficacia (TARGA en ambos grupos. Entre los pacientes con TAS fue más frecuente el diagnóstico simultáneo de tumor e infección HIV (p In Argentina there are no published data on the incidence of AIDS (ARM and non-AIDS related malignancies (non-ARM in the HIV positive population. Our aim was to establish the incidence of these malignancies at an ambulatory care center between 1997 and 2005. We describe 103 cases of malignancies, 73 out of them were ARM and 30 were non-ARM. There were no differences in terms of age, gender and proportion of patients on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART. Among those patients with ARM, simultaneous diagnosis of malignancy and HIV infection was more frequently seen (p <0.001 and the proportion of patients with AIDS was higher (p = 0.015. Among those patients with non-ARM the mean duration of HIV infection and HAART was higher (p = 0.038and 0.002 respectively; also was higher the mean CD4 count nadir (p = 0.009, and CD4 count at the time of malignancy diagnosis (p <0.001. The incidence of ARM was 18 cases/1000 patients-year in 1997 and dropped to 3.1 cases/1000 patients-year in 2005 (p = 0.001. The incidence of non-ARM was always lower than ARM, and similar in each year. In conclusion, ARM were more frequent than non-ARM, but their incidence dropped significantly because of massive use of HAART, while non-ARM remained stable. The high proportion of simultaneous diagnosis of ARM and HIV infection should enable much earlier HIV diagnosis.

Vasoinhibins Prevent Bradykinin-Stimulated Endothelial Cell Proliferation by Inactivating eNOS via Reduction of both Intracellular Ca2+ Levels and eNOS Phosphorylation at Ser1179

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Carmen Clapp

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Vasoinhibins, a family of antiangiogenic peptides derived from prolactin proteolysis, inhibit the vascular effects of several proangiogenic factors, including bradykinin (BK. Here, we report that vasoinhibins block the BK-induced proliferation of bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells. This effect is mediated by the inactivation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, as the NO donor DETA-NONOate reverted vasoinhibin action. It is an experimentally proven fact that the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i upon BK stimulation activates eNOS, and vasoinhibins blocked the BK-mediated activation of phospholipase C and the formation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate leading to a reduced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. The [Ca2+]i rise evoked by BK also involves the influx of extracellular Ca2+ via canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC channels. Vasoinhibins likely interfere with TRPC-mediated Ca2+ entry since La3+, which is an enhancer of TRPC4 and TRPC5 channel activity, prevented vasoinhibins from blocking the stimulation by BK of endothelial cell NO production and proliferation, and vasoinhibins reduced the BK-induced increase of TRPC5 mRNA expression. Finally, vasoinhibins prevented the BK-induced phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179, a post-translational modification that facilitates Ca2+-calmodulin activation of eNOS. Together, our data show that vasoinhibins, by lowering NO production through the inhibition of both [Ca2+]i mobilization and eNOS phosphorylation, prevent the BK-induced stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation. Thus, vasoinhibins help to regulate BK effects on angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis.

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL, 1902-present, Salinity

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have salinity data. *These services are for testing and evaluation use...

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL, 1902-present, Conductivity

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have conductivity data. *These services are for testing and evaluation use...

Technical Specifications, South Texas Project, Unit Nos. 1 and 2 (Docket Nos. 50-498 and 50-499): Appendix ''A'' to License Nos. NPF-76 and NPF-80

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-03-01

The South Texas Project, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, Technical Specifications were prepared by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to set forth the limits, operating conditions, and other requirements applicable to a nuclear reactor facility as set forth in Section 50.36 of 10 CFR Part 50 for the protection of the health and safety of the public

Technical specifications, South Texas Project, Unit Nos. 1 and 2 (Docket Nos. 50-498 and 50-499): Appendix ''A'' to License Nos. NPF-76 and NPF-78

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-01-01

The South Texas Project, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, Technical Specifications were prepared by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to set forth the limits, operating conditions, and other requirements applicable to a nuclear reactor facility as set forth in Section 50.36 of 10 CFR Part 50 for the protection of the health and safety of the public

Tratamento de dejetos suínos com biorreator UASB

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Pablo Costa da Silva

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Esse trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a importância do biodigestor UASB no tratamento de dejetos suínos. A suinocultura possui papel importante quanto ao desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil. No entanto, o aumento de produção vem causando problemas ambientais graves, por conta do grande volume de resíduos sólidos gerados pela atividade. O desenvolvimento de métodos de tratamento de dejetos que agreguem valor à produção e respeitem as leis ambientais é um dos grandes desafios do setor. A biodigestão anaeróbia é um dos métodos mais eficazes para o tratamento de dejetos de suinoculturas. Este método de digestão, denominado UASB, tem como característica principal a produção de biogás e de biofertilizante, produto rico em nutrientes, e livre de patógenos. O método oferece vantagens como a promoção do bem estar animal, o aumento da fertilidade do solo, a diminuição da poluição e da emissão de gases geradores do efeito estufa e a melhoria da qualidade de vida, nos centros produtores de suínos, além de minimizar problemas relacionados ao déficit de energia elétrica. Portanto, a utilização de biodigestores UASB para o tratamento de dejetos de suínos é uma opção interessante, que deve ser avaliada com seriedade.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury by suppressing NR2B, NF-κB, and iNOS activation

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Feng Liang

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The effective treatment of patients suffering from neuropathic pain remains challenging. Dexmedetomidine (DEX possesses anti-inflammatory activity. However, the role of DEX in neuropathic pain is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine DEX an α2-adrenoceptor agonist could improve pain hypersensitivity and reduce inflammatory in a chronic constriction injury (CCI model of the sciatic nerve in Sprague-Dawley rats. Dex was intrathecally administrated 1-h after operation. The paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL were measured on day 1 before operation and on days 1, 7, 14 and 21 after operation, respectively. On day 21, all the rats were decapitated to collect the L4-6 segments of the spinal cord to examine IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, NR2B, NF-κB, and iNOS mRNA levels using RT-PCR. The postoperative MWT and PWTL were significantly decreased in CCI, and DEX groups as compared to those before surgery and Sham group (P < 0.05. And DEX reversed this trend (P < 0.05. Interleukin 1 (IL-1, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α, IL-6 mRNA expression significantly increased postsurgery in CCI group as compared to that of Sham group (P < 0.05; DEX blocked increased IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA receptor 2B (NR2B, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB, and inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS mRNA levels (P < 0.05. DEX may alleviate neuropathic hypersensitivity and inflammation partially by inhibiting NR2B, NF-κB, and iNOS expression in the spinal cord of rats with neuropathic pain resulting from CCI of the sciatic nerve.

Expressão de p53, p16 E COX-2 em carcinoma escamoso de esôfago e associação histopatológica p53, p16 E COX-2 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and histopathological association

OpenAIRE

Izabella Paz Danezi Felin; Ivana Grivicich; Carlos Roberto Felin; Andrea Regner; Adriana Brondani da Rocha

2008-01-01

RACIONAL: O câncer de esôfago representa cerca de 2% dos tumores malignos e a terceira causa mais comum de câncer do trato gastrointestinal. A associação do prognóstico do câncer de esôfago com alguns marcadores imunoistoquímicos, como as proteínas p53, p16 e a ciclooxigenase 2 (COX-2) tem sido relatada. A detecção de marcadores moleculares através de imunoistoquímica pode ser utilizada para avaliação prognóstica. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a associação entre a expressão das proteínas p53, p16 e a...

Expressão de p53, p16 E COX-2 em carcinoma escamoso de esôfago e associação histopatológica

OpenAIRE

Felin,Izabella Paz Danezi; Grivicich,Ivana; Felin,Carlos Roberto; Regner,Andrea; Rocha,Adriana Brondani da

2008-01-01

RACIONAL: O câncer de esôfago representa cerca de 2% dos tumores malignos e a terceira causa mais comum de câncer do trato gastrointestinal. A associação do prognóstico do câncer de esôfago com alguns marcadores imunoistoquímicos, como as proteínas p53, p16 e a ciclooxigenase 2 (COX-2) tem sido relatada. A detecção de marcadores moleculares através de imunoistoquímica pode ser utilizada para avaliação prognóstica. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a associação entre a expressão das proteínas p53, p16 e a...

78 FR 49305 - Luminant Generation Company LLC, Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-13

... NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [Docket Nos. 50-445 and 50-446; NRC-2013-0182] Luminant Generation Company LLC, Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2; Application for Amendment to Facility... Operating License Nos. NPF-87 and NPF-89 for the Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2...

ONE PROBABLE MECHANISM OF THE LEARNING-MEMORY DAMAGE BY LEAD: THE CHANGES OF NOS IN HIPPOCAMPUS

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

王静; 赵义; 杨章民; 张进; 李积胜; 司履生; 王一理

2003-01-01

Objective To study the effects of lead on the activity and expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and relationship between the effects of lead on learning-memory and changes of NOS in subfields of hippocampus. Methods Y-maze test was used to study the effects of lead on ability of learning-memory; NADPH-d histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods were used to investigate the changes of NOS in subfields of hippocampus. Results Compared with the control group, the ability of learning- memory in lead-exposed rats was significantly decreased (P＜0.05); the number of NOS positive neurons in CA1 region and dentate gyrus of lead-exposed rats was significantly decreased(P＜0.05), but no marked changes in CA3 region; the number of nNOS positive neurons in CA1 of lead-exposed rats was also significantly decreased(P＜0.05), but no obvious changes in CA3. Conclusion Lead could damage the ability of learning-memory in rats. Lead could decrease the activity and expression of NOS in hippocampus and had different effects on NOS in different subfields of hippocampus. The changes of NOS in hippocampus induced by lead may be the mechanism of the learning-memory damage by lead.

Activation of eNOS in endothelial cells exposed to ionizing radiation involves components of the DNA damage response pathway

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagane, Masaki; Yasui, Hironobu; Sakai, Yuri; Yamamori, Tohru [Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818 (Japan); Niwa, Koichi [Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Food and Cosmetic Science, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri 099-2493 (Japan); Hattori, Yuichi [Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194 (Japan); Kondo, Takashi [Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194 (Japan); Inanami, Osamu, E-mail: inanami@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp [Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818 (Japan)

2015-01-02

Highlights: • eNOS activity is increased in BAECs exposed to X-rays. • ATM is involved in this increased eNOS activity. • HSP90 modulates the radiation-induced activation of ATM and eNOS. - Abstract: In this study, the involvement of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation was investigated in X-irradiated bovine aortic endothelial cells. The activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the phosphorylation of serine 1179 of eNOS (eNOS-Ser1179) were significantly increased in irradiated cells. The radiation-induced increases in NOS activity and eNOS-Ser1179 phosphorylation levels were significantly reduced by treatment with either an ATM inhibitor (Ku-60019) or an HSP90 inhibitor (geldanamycin). Geldanamycin was furthermore found to suppress the radiation-induced phosphorylation of ATM-Ser1181. Our results indicate that the radiation-induced eNOS activation in bovine aortic endothelial cells is regulated by ATM and HSP90.

A Linguagem Motion Graphics nos Videoclipes Brasileiros

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Herom Vargas

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Com o desenvolvimento das tecnologias digitais de edição, animação e pós-produção, a linguagem motion graphics se configurou como ferramenta criativa nas relações entre som e imagem. Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar aspectos inovadores da utilização da linguagem motion graphics nos videoclipes de artistas brasileiros, no período de 1990 a 2010. Por meio de categorias de avaliação relacionadas 1 aos softwares de composição visual, 2 à evolução da linguagem do clipe no período e 3 às relações entre música, vídeo e gráficos utilizados, quatro estágios de aplicação criativa dos recursos dessa linguagem nos videoclipes brasileiros foram estabelecidos.

Ganglioglioma: comparison with other low-grade brain tumors Ganglioglioma: estudo comparativo com outros tumores cerebrais primarios de baixo grau

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Paulo Thadeu Brainer-Lima

2006-09-01

Full Text Available METHOD: Forty-two patients with low-grade brain tumor and refractory epilepsy were studied. The mean age was 22.3 years. They were divided into two groups: Group A, patients with ganglioglioma (n=19 and group B, patients with other low-grade tumors (n=23 (14 astrocytoma, 6 oligodendroglioma, 2 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, and 1 xanthoastrocytoma. RESULTS: Age at seizure’s onset was 7 years or less in 73% of the patients in group A and in 30.4% of the patients in group B (p=0.045. Complex partial occurred frequently in group A and B (94.7% versus 82%, respectively. Seizure’s frequency was higher in group B (p=0.002.Computerized tomography (CT was normal in 36.8% of group A patients and abnormal in all group B patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI was abnormal in all patients. Surgical removal was complete in 89.5% of the patients in group A and in 78.2% of the patients in group B. CONCLUSION: The association of refractory epilepsy and complex partial seizures, at a relatively low frequency, in young patients potentially normal CT and a MRI hypointense temporal lobe lesion in T1-weighed slices were habitual image findings in ganglioglioma, rather than other low-grade tumor.MÉTODO: Foram estudados 42 pacientes com tumor cerebral primário de baixo grau e epilepsia refratária. A idade média foi 22,3 anos. Eles foram divididos em dois grupos: no grupo A os pacientes com ganglioglioma (n=19 e no grupo B os pacientes com outros tumores primários de crescimento lento (n=23 (14 astrocitomas, 6 oligodendrogliomas, 2 tumores desembrioblástico neuroepitelial e um xantoastrocitoma. RESULTADOS: A idade de início das crises convulsivas foi 7 anos ou menos em 73% dos pacientes no grupo A e 30,4% dos pacientes no grupo B (p=0,045. A crise convulsiva do tipo parcial complexa foi a mais identificada nos grupos A e B (94,7% versus 82%, respectivamente. A freqüência de crise foi mais alta no grupo B (p=0,002. A tomografia computadorizada

Determinates of tumor response to radiation: Tumor cells, tumor stroma and permanent local control

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Wende; Huang, Peigen; Chen, David J.; Gerweck, Leo E.

2014-01-01

Background and purpose: The causes of tumor response variation to radiation remain obscure, thus hampering the development of predictive assays and strategies to decrease resistance. The present study evaluates the impact of host tumor stromal elements and the in vivo environment on tumor cell kill, and relationship between tumor cell radiosensitivity and the tumor control dose. Material and methods: Five endpoints were evaluated and compared in a radiosensitive DNA double-strand break repair-defective (DNA-PKcs −/− ) tumor line, and its DNA-PKcs repair competent transfected counterpart. In vitro colony formation assays were performed on in vitro cultured cells, on cells obtained directly from tumors, and on cells irradiated in situ. Permanent local control was assessed by the TCD 50 assay. Vascular effects were evaluated by functional vascular density assays. Results: The fraction of repair competent and repair deficient tumor cells surviving radiation did not substantially differ whether irradiated in vitro, i.e., in the absence of host stromal elements and factors, from the fraction of cells killed following in vivo irradiation. Additionally, the altered tumor cell sensitivity resulted in a proportional change in the dose required to achieve permanent local control. The estimated number of tumor cells per tumor, their cloning efficiency and radiosensitivity, all assessed by in vitro assays, were used to predict successfully, the measured tumor control doses. Conclusion: The number of clonogens per tumor and their radiosensitivity govern the permanent local control dose

Depressed nNOS expression during spine transition in the developing hippocampus of FMR1 KO mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu, Qin; Zhu, Zhiwei; Xu, Jialu; Gu, Weizhong; Zhao, Zhengyan

2012-01-01

Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized as needed by NO synthase (NOS), is involved in spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. Immature spine morphology is characteristic of fragile X syndrome (FXS). The objective of this research was to investigate and compare changes of postnatal neuronal NOS (nNOS) expression in the hippocampus of male fragile X mental retardation 1 gene knockout mice (FMR1 KO mice, the animal model of FXS) and male wild-type mice (WT) at postnatal day 7 (P7), P14, P21, and P28. nNOS mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (N = 4-7) and nNOS protein was estimated by Western blot (N = 3) and immunohistochemistry (N = 1). In the PCR assessment, primers 5′-GTGGCCATCGTGTCCTACCATAC-3′ and 5′-GTTTCGAGGCAGGTGGAAGCTA-3′ were used for the detection of nNOS and primers 5′-CCGTTTCTCCTGGCTCAGTTTA-3′ and 5′-CCCCAATACCACATCATCCAT-3′ were used for the detection of β-actin. Compared to the WT group, nNOS mRNA expression was significantly decreased in FMR1 KO mice at P21 (KO: 0.2857 ± 0.0150, WT: 0.5646 ± 0.0657; P < 0.05). Consistently, nNOS immunoreactivity also revealed reduced staining intensity at P21 in the FMR1 KO group. Western blot analysis validated the immunostaining results by demonstrating a significant reduction in nNOS protein levels in the FMR1 KO group compared to the WT group at P21 (KO: 0.3015 ± 0.0897, WT: 1.7542 ± 0.5455; P < 0.05). These results suggest that nNOS was involved in the postnatal development of the hippocampus in FXS and impaired NO production may retard spine maturation in FXS

Depressed nNOS expression during spine transition in the developing hippocampus of FMR1 KO mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xu, Qin; Zhu, Zhiwei; Xu, Jialu [Department of Children' s Health Care, Children' s Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang (China); Gu, Weizhong [Department of Pathology, Children' s Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang (China); Zhao, Zhengyan [Department of Children' s Health Care, Children' s Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang (China)

2012-10-05

Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized as needed by NO synthase (NOS), is involved in spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. Immature spine morphology is characteristic of fragile X syndrome (FXS). The objective of this research was to investigate and compare changes of postnatal neuronal NOS (nNOS) expression in the hippocampus of male fragile X mental retardation 1 gene knockout mice (FMR1 KO mice, the animal model of FXS) and male wild-type mice (WT) at postnatal day 7 (P7), P14, P21, and P28. nNOS mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (N = 4-7) and nNOS protein was estimated by Western blot (N = 3) and immunohistochemistry (N = 1). In the PCR assessment, primers 5′-GTGGCCATCGTGTCCTACCATAC-3′ and 5′-GTTTCGAGGCAGGTGGAAGCTA-3′ were used for the detection of nNOS and primers 5′-CCGTTTCTCCTGGCTCAGTTTA-3′ and 5′-CCCCAATACCACATCATCCAT-3′ were used for the detection of β-actin. Compared to the WT group, nNOS mRNA expression was significantly decreased in FMR1 KO mice at P21 (KO: 0.2857 ± 0.0150, WT: 0.5646 ± 0.0657; P < 0.05). Consistently, nNOS immunoreactivity also revealed reduced staining intensity at P21 in the FMR1 KO group. Western blot analysis validated the immunostaining results by demonstrating a significant reduction in nNOS protein levels in the FMR1 KO group compared to the WT group at P21 (KO: 0.3015 ± 0.0897, WT: 1.7542 ± 0.5455; P < 0.05). These results suggest that nNOS was involved in the postnatal development of the hippocampus in FXS and impaired NO production may retard spine maturation in FXS.

Depressed nNOS expression during spine transition in the developing hippocampus of FMR1 KO mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Qin Xu

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Nitric oxide (NO, synthesized as needed by NO synthase (NOS, is involved in spinogenesis and synaptogenesis. Immature spine morphology is characteristic of fragile X syndrome (FXS. The objective of this research was to investigate and compare changes of postnatal neuronal NOS (nNOS expression in the hippocampus of male fragile X mental retardation 1 gene knockout mice (FMR1 KO mice, the animal model of FXS and male wild-type mice (WT at postnatal day 7 (P7, P14, P21, and P28. nNOS mRNA levels were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (N = 4-7 and nNOS protein was estimated by Western blot (N = 3 and immunohistochemistry (N = 1. In the PCR assessment, primers 5’-GTGGCCATCGTGTCCTACCATAC-3’ and 5’-GTTTCGAGGCAGGTGGAAGCTA-3’ were used for the detection of nNOS and primers 5’-CCGTTTCTCCTGGCTCAGTTTA-3’ and 5’-CCCCAATACCACATCATCCAT-3’ were used for the detection of β-actin. Compared to the WT group, nNOS mRNA expression was significantly decreased in FMR1 KO mice at P21 (KO: 0.2857 ± 0.0150, WT: 0.5646 ± 0.0657; P < 0.05. Consistently, nNOS immunoreactivity also revealed reduced staining intensity at P21 in the FMR1 KO group. Western blot analysis validated the immunostaining results by demonstrating a significant reduction in nNOS protein levels in the FMR1 KO group compared to the WT group at P21 (KO: 0.3015 ± 0.0897, WT: 1.7542 ± 0.5455; P < 0.05. These results suggest that nNOS was involved in the postnatal development of the hippocampus in FXS and impaired NO production may retard spine maturation in FXS.

Tumor de Pancoast: nuestra experiencia en 20 años Pancoast tumor: our experience of 20 years

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bárbaro Agustín Armas Pérez

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de 11 pacientes operados por tumor de Pancoast, en el transcurso de dos decenios. Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica amplia del tema haciendo énfasis en el diagnóstico, estadificación y tratamiento. El mayor porcentaje de pacientes era del sexo masculino, fumadores y portadores de masas radiopacas tenues en el vértice, las cuales se acompañaban de dolor en pared costal irradiado a hombro, brazo y cuello. No siempre la resección quirúrgica fue completa y radical y los pacientes que presentaron mejores índices de supervivencia fueron los tratados mediante cirugía excerética amplia y terapia neoadyuvante. La vía de abordaje más utilizada fue la posterolateral y en un sólo caso la anterior-transcervical, que mucho nos satisfizo. La supervivencia fue corta aunque la serie es pequeña y no hubo mortalidad antes de los 30 días tras la operación

Conformance to Generic Letter 83-28, Items 3.1.3 and 3.2.3, Beaver Valley, Unit No. 1, North Anna, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, Surry Unit Nos. 1 and 2 (Docket Nos. 50-334, 50-338, 50-339, 50-280, and 50-281)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haroldsen, R.

1985-09-01

This report provides a review of the submittals for Beaver Valley, Unit No. 1, North Anna, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, and Surry, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, for conformance to Generic Letter 83-28, Items 3.1.3 and 3.2.3. The specific plants selected were reviewed as a group because of similarity in type and applicability of review items

NOS CO-OPS Water Level Data, Verified, Hourly

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has verified (quality-controlled), hourly, water level (tide) data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS)....

Technical Specifications: Vogtle Electric Generating Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2 (Docket Nos. 50-424 and 50-425): Appendix ''A'' to License Nos. NPF-68 and NPF-79

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-02-01

The Vogtle Electric Generating Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, Technical Specifications were prepared by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to set forth the limits, operating conditions, and other requirements applicable to a nuclear facility as set forth in Section 50.36 of 10 CFR 50 for the protection of the health and safety of the public

Technical Specifications, Vogtle Electric Generating Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2 (Docket Nos. 50-424 and 50-425): Appendix ''A'' to License Nos. NPF-68 and NPF-81

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-03-01

The Vogtle Electric Generating Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2, Technical Specifications were prepared by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to set forth the limits, operating conditions, and other requirements applicable to a nuclear facility as set forth in Section 50.36 of 10 CFR 50 for the protection of the health and safety of the public

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the trigeminal vascular system and other brain structures related to pain in rats

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ramachandran, Roshni; Ploug, Kenneth Beri; Hay-Schmidt, Anders

2010-01-01

to measure the respective levels of mRNA and protein for nNOS and eNOS in peripheral and central tissues involved in migraine pain: dura mater, pial arteries, trigeminal ganglion (TG) trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), periaqueductal grey (PAG), thalamus, hypothalamus, cortex, pituitary gland, hippocampus...... and cerebellum. iNOS was excluded from the present study because it was not induced. In the trigeminal vascular system we found the highest expression of nNOS mRNA in pial arteries. However, protein expression of nNOS was maximum in TNC. Among other brain structures, nNOS mRNA and protein expression...... was remarkably higher in the cerebellum than in any other tissues. Regarding eNOS in the trigeminovascular system, the highest mRNA expression was found in pial arteries. In the other brain structures, eNOS mRNA expression was similar but with lowest mRNA concentration in the pituitary gland and the highest...

Pragmatismo e os pragmáticos nos estudos organizacionais

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Francis Kanashiro Meneghetti

Full Text Available O objetivo central deste ensaio teórico é avaliar as contribuições do pragmatismo nos Estudos Organizacionais e, os específicos, avaliar se as contribuições teóricas de Charles Peirce e John Dewey possibilitam afirmar o pragmatismo como senso comum, ciência ou teoria do conhecimento; analisar as contribuições - possibilidadese limites - do pragmatismo como conhecimento científico; compreender os percursos do pragmatismo nos Estudos Organizacionais. Chaga-se a conclusão de que ser pragmático é diferente de conceber estudos articulados no campo epistemológico do pragmatismo. O sujeito pragmático vê na sua utilidade e na necessidade deação, o ponto de tensão que coloca em dúvida a veracidade dos pressupostos do pragmatismo como ciência. O que ocorre nos Estudos Organizacionais éa conversão do pragmatismo como conhecimento científico emsubordinação irracional à utilidade e à ação prática, sobretudo, no campo da economia, da política, da ciência, da cultura, da educação, e assim por diante.

Suggesting a NOS Map for Nature of Science for Science Education Instruction

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Jun-Young

2017-01-01

The aims of this research are 1) to explore the inter-relationships within the individual elements or tenets of Nature of Science (NOS), based on the dimensions of scientific knowledge in science learning, and 2) to consider Kuhn's concept of how scientific revolution takes place. This study suggests that instruction according to our NOS Flowchart…

Identification and molecular characterization of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene in the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus.

Science.gov (United States)

Jeong, Chang-Bum; Kang, Hye-Min; Seo, Jung Soo; Park, Heum Gi; Rhee, Jae-Sung; Lee, Jae-Seong

2016-02-10

In copepods, no information has been reported on the structure or molecular characterization of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene. In the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus, we identified a NOS gene that is involved in immune responses of vertebrates and invertebrates. In silico analyses revealed that nitric oxide (NO) synthase domains, such as the oxygenase and reductase domains, are highly conserved in the T. japonicus NOS gene. The T. japonicus NOS gene was highly transcribed in the nauplii stages, implying that it plays a role in protecting the host during the early developmental stages. To examine the involvement of the T. japonicus NOS gene in the innate immune response, the copepods were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and two Vibrio sp. After exposure to different concentrations of LPS and Vibrio sp., T. japonicus NOS transcription was significantly increased over time in a dose-dependent manner, and the NO/nitrite concentration increased as well. Taken together, our findings suggest that T. japonicus NOS transcription is induced in response to an immune challenge as part of the conserved innate immunity. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Visibility, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Visibility data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not been...

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Conductivity, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Conductivity data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not been...

Bone tumor

Science.gov (United States)

Tumor - bone; Bone cancer; Primary bone tumor; Secondary bone tumor; Bone tumor - benign ... The cause of bone tumors is unknown. They often occur in areas of the bone that grow rapidly. Possible causes include: Genetic defects ...

Leptomeningite e tumor da região optoquiasmática Meningitis and tumor of the opto-chiasmatic region. Report of two cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. A. Gonçalves da Silva

1967-03-01

Full Text Available São registrados dois casos de tumores situados no assoalho da fossa craniana média (carcinoma sólido da hipófise e craniofaringeoma acompanhados de leptomeningite de etiologia não determinada. Especialmente no segundo caso esta se caracterizava pela ocorrência de repetidos surtos de exacerbação. Em ambos o diagnóstico inicial foi de leptomeningite, tendo sido o insucesso das medidas terapêuticas adotadas que levou a estudos radiológicos, na tentativa de evidenciar focos que pudessem estar mantendo a infecção. Em ambos os casos o exame radiológico forneceu dados que permitiram orientar o diagnóstico de tumor do assoalho da fossa craniana média. As condições clínicas, no entanto, impediram que fossem adotadas em tempo útil medidas terapêuticas que visassem diretamente o tumor, vindo os pacientes a falecer. A possibilidade da ocorrência de meningites em tumores dessa região é discutida, bem como a natureza séptica ou asséptica da reação inflamatória. Os casos apresentados permitem concluir que, em processos meningíticos de evolução longa, acompanhados de surtos de agudização, nos quais nem mesmo durante os surtos agudos é encontrado o agente etiológico no LCR, a possibilidade da ocorrência de tumores do assoalho da fossa média do crânio deve ser estudada. O estudo deve ser feito precocemente, para permitir a adoção de medidas terapêuticas adequadas, visando diretamente o tumor, em tempo hábil, na tentativa de evitar que os surtos meningíticos venham a comprometer a vida do paciente.A study was made of a patient with carcinoma of the hypophisis which invaded the sphenoid bone and made protrusion under the nasopharyngeal mucosa, and that of a patient with craniopharyngeoma. The patients had no symptoms proper to the tumors but presented several episodes of meningitis. The presence of the tumor, in both cases, was evidenced lately, when the failure of the antibiotic therapy became patent leading to the

Tumor immunology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Otter, W. den

1987-01-01

Tumor immunology, the use of immunological techniques for tumor diagnosis and approaches to immunotherapy of cancer are topics covered in this multi-author volume. Part A, 'Tumor Immunology', deals with present views on tumor-associated antigens, the initiation of immune reactions of tumor cells, effector cell killing, tumor cells and suppression of antitumor immunity, and one chapter dealing with the application of mathematical models in tumor immunology. Part B, 'Tumor Diagnosis and Imaging', concerns the use of markers to locate the tumor in vivo, for the histological diagnosis, and for the monitoring of tumor growth. In Part C, 'Immunotherapy', various experimental approaches to immunotherapy are described, such as the use of monoclonal antibodies to target drugs, the use of interleukin-2 and the use of drugs inhibiting suppression. In the final section, the evaluation, a pathologist and a clinician evaluate the possibilities and limitations of tumor immunology and the extent to which it is useful for diagnosis and therapy. refs.; figs.; tabs

Morus alba extract modulates blood pressure homeostasis through eNOS signaling.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrizzo, Albino; Ambrosio, Mariateresa; Damato, Antonio; Madonna, Michele; Storto, Marianna; Capocci, Luca; Campiglia, Pietro; Sommella, Eduardo; Trimarco, Valentina; Rozza, Francesco; Izzo, Raffaele; Puca, Annibale A; Vecchione, Carmine

2016-10-01

Morus alba is a promising phytomedicine cultivated in oriental countries that is extensively used to prevent and treat various cardiovascular problems. To date, despite its beneficial effects, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. Thus, we investigate the vascular and haemodynamic effects of Morus alba extract in an experimental model focusing our attention on the molecular mechanisms involved. Through vascular reactivity studies, we demonstrate that Morus alba extract evokes endothelial vasorelaxation through a nitric oxide-dependent pathway. Our molecular analysis highlights an increase in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation. In vivo administration of Morus alba extract reduces blood pressure levels exclusively in wild-type mice, whereas it fails to evoke any haemodynamic effects in eNOS-deficient mice. Molecular analyses revealed that its beneficial action on vasculature is mediated by the activation of two important proteins that act as stress sensors and chaperones: PERK and heat shock protein 90. Finally, Morus alba extract exerts antihypertensive action in an experimental model of arterial hypertension. Through its action on eNOS signaling, Morus alba extract could act as a food supplement for the regulation of cardiovascular system, mainly in clinical conditions characterized by eNOS dysfunction, such as arterial hypertension. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Telefones celulares: influência nos sistemas auditivo e vestibular Mobile phones: influence on auditory and vestibular systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aracy Pereira Silveira Balbani

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Os sistemas de telecomunicações emitem radiofreqüência, uma radiação eletromagnética invisível. Telefones celulares transmitem microondas (450900 MHz no sistema analógico e 1,82,2 GHz no sistema digital, muito próximo à orelha do usuário. Esta energia é absorvida pela pele, orelha interna, nervo vestibulococlear e superfície do lobo temporal. OBJETIVO: Revisar a literatura sobre influência dos telefones celulares na audição e equilíbrio. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Revisão sistemática. METODOLOGIA: Foram pesquisados artigos nas bases Lilacs e Medline sobre a influência dos telefones celulares nos sistemas auditivo e vestibular, publicados de 2000 a 2005, e também materiais veiculados na Internet. RESULTADOS: Os estudos sobre radiação do telefone celular e risco de neurinoma do acústico apresentam resultados contraditórios. Alguns autores não encontram maior probabilidade de aparecimento do tumor nos usuários de celulares, enquanto outros relatam que a utilização de telefones analógicos por 10 anos ou mais aumenta o risco para o tumor. A exposição aguda às microondas emitidas pelo celular não influencia a atividade das células ciliadas externas da cóclea, in vivo e in vitro, a condução elétrica no nervo coclear, nem a fisiologia do sistema vestibular em humanos. As próteses auditivas analógicas são mais suscetíveis à interferência eletromagnética dos telefones celulares digitais. CONCLUSÃO: Não há comprovação de lesão cocleovestibular pelos telefones celulares.Telecommunications systems emit radiofrequency, which is an invisible electromagnetic radiation. Mobile phones operate with microwaves (450900 MHz in the analog service, and 1,82,2 GHz in the digital service very close to the user’s ear. The skin, inner ear, cochlear nerve and the temporal lobe surface absorb the radiofrequency energy. AIM: literature review on the influence of cellular phones on hearing and balance. STUDY DESIGN: systematic

NOS3 Polymorphisms and Chronic Kidney Disease

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Alejandro Marín Medina

2018-05-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease (CKD is a multifactorial pathophysiologic irreversible process that often leads to a terminal state in which the patient requires renal replacement therapy. Most cases of CKD are due to chronic-degenerative diseases and endothelial dysfunction is one of the factors that contribute to its pathophysiology. One of the most important mechanisms for proper functioning of the endothelium is the regulation of the synthesis of nitric oxide. This compound is synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, which has 3 isoforms. Polymorphisms in the NOS3 gene have been implicated as factors that alter the homeostasis of this mechanism. The Glu298Asp polymorphisms 4 b/a and -786T>C of the NOS3 gene have been associated with a more rapid deterioration of kidney function in patients with CKD. These polymorphisms have been evaluated in patients with CKD of determined and undetermined etiology and related to a more rapid deterioration of kidney function.

NOS CO-OPS Active Currents Data, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has surface Active Currents data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These raw data have not...

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Wind, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Wind data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not been subjected...

Teratoid Wilms′ tumor - A rare renal tumor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Biswanath Mukhopadhyay

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Teratoid Wilms′ tumor is an extremely rare renal tumor. We report a case of unilateral teratoid Wilms′ tumor in a 4-year-old girl. The patient was admitted with a right-sided abdominal mass. The mass was arising from the right kidney. Radical nephrectomy was done and the patient had an uneventful recovery. Histopathology report showed teratoid Wilms′ tumor.

Spinal tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goethem, J.W.M. van; Hauwe, L. van den; Oezsarlak, Oe.; Schepper, A.M.A. de; Parizel, P.M.

2004-01-01

Spinal tumors are uncommon lesions but may cause significant morbidity in terms of limb dysfunction. In establishing the differential diagnosis for a spinal lesion, location is the most important feature, but the clinical presentation and the patient's age and gender are also important. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging plays a central role in the imaging of spinal tumors, easily allowing tumors to be classified as extradural, intradural-extramedullary or intramedullary, which is very useful in tumor characterization. In the evaluation of lesions of the osseous spine both computed tomography (CT) and MR are important. We describe the most common spinal tumors in detail. In general, extradural lesions are the most common with metastasis being the most frequent. Intradural tumors are rare, and the majority is extramedullary, with meningiomas and nerve sheath tumors being the most frequent. Intramedullary tumors are uncommon spinal tumors. Astrocytomas and ependymomas comprise the majority of the intramedullary tumors. The most important tumors are documented with appropriate high quality CT or MR images and the characteristics of these tumors are also summarized in a comprehensive table. Finally we illustrate the use of the new World Health Organization (WHO) classification of neoplasms affecting the central nervous system

HEALTHY AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF MYOMETRIUM: PREGNANT MYOMETRIUM, UTERINE FIBROIDS AND LEIOMYOSARCOMA. Cambios normales y patológicos del miometrio: miometrio del embarazo, fibrosis uterina y leiomiosarcoma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pasquapina Ciarmela

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El miometrio, la pared muscular del útero, puede modificar su misma masa y las propiedades celulares en el embarazo y también en los tumores como el leiomioma y el leiomiosarcoma. El leiomioma, dicho también fibroma, es un tumor benigno del útero y se considera como  una de las causas más frecuentes de infertilità en el período reproductivo femenino. El leiomiosarcoma, en cambio, es un tumor maligno y agresivo de la musculatura lisa uterina. La presente revisión discute las características generales del leiomioma y el leiomiosarcoma y los relativos tratamientos clínicos actualmente usados y además describe las características del miometrio normal en el embarazo.  The myometrium, the muscular wall of the uterus, can modify its mass and cellular properties in pregnancy as well as in tumor conditions such as leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyomas, also known as fibroids, are benign tumors of the uterus, considered to be one of the most frequent causes of infertility in reproductive years of women. Leiomyosarcomas in turn, are rare aggressive malignant uterine smooth-muscle tumors. The present review is discussing the general features of leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma with their current treatments and also discussing the characteristics of normal pregnant myometrium and compare with leiomyoma.

Requisitos mínimos para o laudo de anatomia patológica em câncer de pulmão: justificativas na patogênese Minimum requirements for the anatomopathological report in lung cancer: justifications in the pathogenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

VERA LUIZA CAPELOZZI

2002-07-01

Full Text Available O pulmão é uma fonte de grande número de espécimens citológicos e histológicos. Destes espécimens o patologista deverá emitir um diagnóstico, tendo, dessa forma, importante papel no estabelecimento do estadiamento clínico e patológico. A prioridade do patologista na avaliação de um tumor pulmonar, para fazer um diagnóstico histológico específico, reside na avaliação do espécimen histológico; contudo, pode ser acompanhada de preparados citológicos. Aqui pode fazer-se necessária a suplementação por técnicas histoquímicas e imunoistoquímicas. Se houver adequadas condições de fixação do tecido, técnicas especiais como microscopia eletrônica, imunoistoquímica em material congelado, citogenética e estudos moleculares poderão ser realizados. Exceção será feita se o material for muito pequeno, quando então deverá ser totalmente submetido à técnica de rotina; neste caso, se o diagnóstico não puder ser elaborado, biópsias subseqüentes poderão ser prospectivamente obtidas e direcionadas para a técnica especial de estudo. Este é o caso freqüentemente encontrado nos linfomas malignos, nos quais os espécimens de biópsia poderão ser muito pequenos e insuficientes para o diagnóstico definitivo sem imunofenotipagem. O estadiamento patológico de tumor primário de pulmão será alcançado quando houver adequado estudo macro e microscópico. Os procedimentos descritos a seguir poderão ser aplicados para ressecções por segmentectomia, lobectomia, pneumectomia, ressecções em bloco, traquéia ou brônquios.The lung is source to a large number of cytological and histologic specimens. Pathologists should diagnose these specimens and then participate in the clinical and pathologic staging of the tumor. The first priority of pathologists when evaluating a lung tumor with specific histologic diagnosis can usually be accomplished with routine cytological or histologic preparations. These may be supplemented as

Tumor control probability after a radiation of animal tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Urano, Muneyasu; Ando, Koichi; Koike, Sachiko; Nesumi, Naofumi

1975-01-01

Tumor control and regrowth probability of animal tumors irradiated with a single x-ray dose were determined, using a spontaneous C3H mouse mammary carcinoma. Cellular radiation sensitivity of tumor cells and tumor control probability of the tumor were examined by the TD 50 and TCD 50 assays respectively. Tumor growth kinetics were measured by counting the percentage of labelled mitosis and by measuring the growth curve. A mathematical analysis of tumor control probability was made from these results. A formula proposed, accounted for cell population kinetics or division probability model, cell sensitivity to radiation and number of tumor cells. (auth.)

Tumor de glândula ceruminosa com invasão intracraniana: relato de caso Tumor of ceruminous gland with intracranial invasion: case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MÍRIAM C. M. DE CASTRO

2000-06-01

Full Text Available As glândulas ceruminosas são glândulas apócrinas modificadas encontradas na região profunda da derme que reveste a porção cartilaginosa do meato acústico externo. Os tumores originados dessas glândulas são raros. Existem controvérsias em relação ao termo ceruminoma, que nos parece impróprio. Na verdade, esses tumores são atualmente classificados como adenoma, adenocarcinoma, carcinoma adenóide cístico e adenoma pleomórfico. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 39 anos, apresentado-se com cefaléia, hipoacusia e zumbidos à direita, além de vertigem e náuseas. A TC de crânio evidenciou tumoração do ouvido médio, invadindo os limites ósseos e cartilaginosos, com extensão intracraniana. Foi submetida a cirurgia, com exérese parcial do tumor, seguida de radioterapia (6000 cG. A histologia mostrou tratar-se de carcinoma adenóide cístico de glândulas ceruminosas. A paciente apresentou no pós-operatório paralisia facial periférica à direita, mantendo os déficits anteriores. Após um ano da cirurgia encontra-se estável clinicamente.Ceruminous glands are modified apocrine glands, confined to the skin lining of the cartilaginous part of the external auditory meatus. Tumors arising from these glands are rare. Controversy exists regarding the term "ceruminoma". Actually this neoplasia should be classified as adenoma, adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic ceruminous adenoma. We report a 39-year-old woman first seen at Santa Casa of Belo Horizonte, in 1998, presenting with headache, nausea, vertigo, hearing loss and tinitus on the right for the past two years. CT scan showed a tumor eroding cartilaginous and bony limits with intracranial invasion. She was submitted to multidisciplinary treatment with surgery followed by radiotherapy (6000 cG. Histology showed a ceruminous adenoid cystic carcinoma. The patient manifested a right peripherical facial palsy and had no recovery of the previous deficits. After one

An exceptional collision tumor: gastric calcified stromal tumor and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The authors report an exceptional case of collision tumor comprised of a gastric calcified stromal tumor and a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The pancreatic tumor was detected fortuitously on the histological exam of resection specimen. Key words: Collision tumor, stromal tumor, adenocarcinoma ...

Beer elicits vasculoprotective effects through Akt/eNOS activation.

Science.gov (United States)

Vilahur, Gemma; Casani, Laura; Mendieta, Guiomar; Lamuela-Raventos, Rosa M; Estruch, Ramon; Badimon, Lina

2014-12-01

There is controversy regarding the effect of alcohol beverage intake in vascular vasodilatory function in peripheral arteries. The effects of beer intake in coronary vasodilation remain unknown. We investigated whether regular beer intake (alcohol and alcohol-free) protects against hypercholesterolaemia-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction and the mechanisms behind this effect. Pigs were fed 10 days: (i) a Western-type hypercholesterolaemic diet (WD); (ii) WD+low-dose beer (12·5 g alcohol/day); (iii) WD+moderate-dose beer (25 g alcohol/day); or (iv) WD+moderate-dose alcohol-free-beer (0·0 g alcohol/day). Coronary responses to endothelium-dependent vasoactive drugs (acetylcholine: receptor mediated; calcium ionophore-A23189: nonreceptor mediated), endothelium-independent vasoactive drug (SNP) and L-NMMA (NOS-antagonist) were evaluated in the LAD coronary artery by flow Doppler. Coronary Akt/eNOS activation, MCP-1 expression, oxidative DNA damage and superoxide production were assessed. Lipid profile, lipoproteins resistance to oxidation and urinary isoxanthohumol concentration were evaluated. Alcoholic and nonalcoholic beer intake prevented WD-induced impairment of receptor- and non-receptor-operated endothelial-dependent coronary vasodilation. All animals displayed a similar vasodilatory response to SNP and L-NMMA blunted all endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation responses. Haemodynamic parameters remained unchanged. Coronary arteries showed lower DNA damage and increased Akt/eNOS axis activation in beer-fed animals. Animals taking beer showed HDL with higher antioxidant capacity, higher LDL resistance to oxidation and increased isoxanthohumol levels. Weight, lipids levels, liver enzymes and MCP-1 expression were not affected by beer intake. Non-alcoholic-related beer components protect against hyperlipemia-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction by counteracting vascular oxidative damage and preserving the Akt/eNOS pathway. Light-to-moderate beer

Enhancing eNOS activity with simultaneous inhibition of IKKβ restores vascular function in Ins2(Akita+/-) type-1 diabetic mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Krishnan, Manickam; Janardhanan, Preethi; Roman, Linda; Reddick, Robert L; Natarajan, Mohan; van Haperen, Rien; Habib, Samy L; de Crom, Rini; Mohan, Sumathy

2015-10-01

The balance of nitric oxide (NO) versus superoxide generation has a major role in the initiation and progression of endothelial dysfunction. Under conditions of high glucose, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) functions as a chief source of superoxide rather than NO. In order to improve NO bioavailability within the vessel wall in type-1 diabetes, we investigated treatment strategies that improve eNOS phosphorylation and NO-dependent vasorelaxation. We evaluated methods to increase the eNOS activity by (1) feeding Ins2(Akita) spontaneously diabetic (type-1) mice with l-arginine in the presence of sepiapterin, a precursor of tetrahydrobiopterin; (2) preventing eNOS/NO deregulation by the inclusion of inhibitor kappa B kinase beta (IKKβ) inhibitor, salsalate, in the diet regimen in combination with l-arginine and sepiapterin; and (3) independently increasing eNOS expression to improve eNOS activity and associated NO production through generating Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice that overexpress human eNOS predominantly in vascular endothelial cells. Our results clearly demonstrated that diet supplementation with l-arginine, sepiapterin along with salsalate improved phosphorylation of eNOS and enhanced vasorelaxation of thoracic/abdominal aorta in type-1 diabetic mice. More interestingly, despite the overexpression of eNOS, the in-house generated transgenic eNOS-GFP (TgeNOS-GFP)-Ins2(Akita) cross mice showed an unanticipated effect of reduced eNOS phosphorylation and enhanced superoxide production. Our results demonstrate that enhancement of endogenous eNOS activity by nutritional modulation is more beneficial than increasing the endogenous expression of eNOS by gene therapy modalities.

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL, 1853-present, Barometric Pressure

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have barometric pressure data. *These services are for testing and...

Reconstrucción palpebral inferior después de la escisión de tumores malignos

OpenAIRE

Arias Soto, Julio Cesar; Abreu Perdomo, Franklin A.; Ortiz Silveira, Marlenys; Despaigne Delisle, Justo; Matienzo Vergara, Sulli de la Caridad

2013-01-01

Se presentan 4 casos clínicos de pacientes de 46-76 años con carcinomas basocelular y escamoso de párpado inferior, diagnosticados en la consulta oftalmológica del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso". A los afectados se le realizó tarsectomía parcial o total con reconstrucción palpebral mediante colgajos miocutáneos en islas de área cigomática y músculo nasal. Los resultados tanto funcionales como estéticos fueron óptimos y se corroboró la efectividad de los colgajos antes...

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is involved in arginase-II-mediated eNOS-uncoupling in obesity.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Yi; Rajapakse, Angana G; Montani, Jean-Pierre; Yang, Zhihong; Ming, Xiu-Fen

2014-07-18

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-uncoupling links obesity-associated insulin resistance and type-II diabetes to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Studies have indicated that increased arginase is involved in eNOS-uncoupling through competing with the substrate L-arginine. Given that arginase-II (Arg-II) exerts some of its biological functions through crosstalk with signal transduction pathways, and that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38mapk) is involved in eNOS-uncoupling, we investigated here whether p38mapk is involved in Arg-II-mediated eNOS-uncoupling in a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. Obesity was induced in wild type (WT) and Arg-II-deficient (Arg-II(-/-)) mice on C57BL/6 J background by high-fat diet (HFD, 55% fat) for 14 weeks starting from age of 7 weeks. The entire aortas were isolated and subjected to 1) immunoblotting analysis of the protein level of eNOS, Arg-II and p38mapk activation; 2) arginase activity assay; 3) endothelium-dependent and independent vasomotor responses; 4) en face staining of superoxide anion and NO production with Dihydroethidium and 4,5-Diaminofluorescein Diacetate, respectively, to assess eNOS-uncoupling. To evaluate the role of p38mapk, isolated aortas were treated with p38mapk inhibitor SB203580 (10 μmol/L, 1 h) prior to the analysis. In addition, the role of p38mapk in Arg-II-induced eNOS-uncoupling was investigated in cultured human endothelial cells overexpressing Arg-II in the absence or presence of shRNA against p38mapk. HFD enhanced Arg-II expression/activity and p38mapk activity, which was associated with eNOS-uncoupling as revealed by decreased NO and enhanced L-NAME-inhibitable superoxide in aortas of WT obese mice. In accordance, WT obese mice revealed decreased endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine despite of higher eNOS protein level, whereas Arg-II(-/-) obese mice were protected from HFD-induced eNOS-uncoupling and endothelial dysfunction, which

MR findings of ovarian tumors with hormonal activity, with emphasis on tumors other than sex cord-stromal tumors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanaka, Yumiko Oishi [Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 (Japan)]. E-mail: ytanaka@md.tsukuba.ac.jp; Saida, Tsukasa Sasaki [Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Tsukuba University Hospital (Japan); Minami, Rie [Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba (Japan); Yagi, Takako [Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Tsukuba University Hospital (Japan); Tsunoda, Hajime [Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanto Medical Center, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone East Corporation (Japan); Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki [Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba (Japan); Minami, Manabu [Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 (Japan)

2007-06-15

Sex cord-stromal tumors including granulosa cell tumor, thecoma, Sertoli stromal cell tumor and steroid cell tumor are noted for their hormonal activity. However, there are many kinds of ovarian tumors other than sex cord-stromal tumors and tumor-like conditions with endocrine manifestations. Cross-sectional imaging, especially MR, can provide precise features of ovarian tumors and uterine morphological change even in a clinically latent excess of estrogen. In this article, we demonstrate typical imaging findings of ovarian tumors with hormonal activity. We also shortly explain the mechanism of the virilization and hyperestrogenism caused by ovarian tumors and tumor-like conditions.

MR findings of ovarian tumors with hormonal activity, with emphasis on tumors other than sex cord-stromal tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanaka, Yumiko Oishi; Saida, Tsukasa Sasaki; Minami, Rie; Yagi, Takako; Tsunoda, Hajime; Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki; Minami, Manabu

2007-01-01

Sex cord-stromal tumors including granulosa cell tumor, thecoma, Sertoli stromal cell tumor and steroid cell tumor are noted for their hormonal activity. However, there are many kinds of ovarian tumors other than sex cord-stromal tumors and tumor-like conditions with endocrine manifestations. Cross-sectional imaging, especially MR, can provide precise features of ovarian tumors and uterine morphological change even in a clinically latent excess of estrogen. In this article, we demonstrate typical imaging findings of ovarian tumors with hormonal activity. We also shortly explain the mechanism of the virilization and hyperestrogenism caused by ovarian tumors and tumor-like conditions

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL, 1853-present, Air Temperature

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have air temperature data. *These services are for testing and evaluation...

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL, 1853-present, Water Temperature

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have water temperature data. *These services are for testing and evaluation...

The distribution of macrophages with a M1 or M2 phenotype in relation to prognosis and the molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sofia Edin

Full Text Available High macrophage infiltration has been correlated to improved survival in colorectal cancer (CRC. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs play complex roles in tumorigenesis since they are believed to hold both tumor preventing (M1 macrophages and tumor promoting (M2 macrophages activities. Here we have applied an immunohistochemical approach to determine the degree of infiltrating macrophages with a M1 or M2 phenotype in clinical specimens of CRC in relation to prognosis, both in CRC in general but also in subgroups of CRC defined by microsatellite instability (MSI screening status and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP. A total of 485 consecutive CRC specimens were stained for nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2 (also denoted iNOS as a marker for the M1 macrophage phenotype and the scavenger receptor CD163 as a marker for the M2 macrophage phenotype. The average infiltration of NOS2 and CD163 expressing macrophages along the invasive tumor front was semi-quantitatively evaluated using a four-graded scale. Two subtypes of macrophages, displaying M1 (NOS2(+ or M2 (CD163(+ phenotypes, were recognized. We observed a significant correlation between the amount of NOS2(+ and CD163(+ cells (P<0.0001. A strong inverse correlation to tumor stage was found for both NOS2 (P<0.0001 and CD163 (P<0.0001 infiltration. Furthermore, patients harbouring tumors highly infiltrated by NOS2(+ cells had a significantly better prognosis than those infiltrated by few NOS2(+ cells, and this was found to be independent of MSI screening status and CIMP status. No significant difference was found on cancer-specific survival in groups of CRC with different NOS2/CD163 ratios. In conclusion, an increased infiltration of macrophages with a M1 phenotype at the tumor front is accompanied by a concomitant increase in macrophages with a M2 phenotype, and in a stage dependent manner correlated to a better prognosis in patients with CRC.

Endothelial CaMKII as a regulator of eNOS activity and NO-mediated vasoreactivity.

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Shubha Murthy

Full Text Available The multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII is a serine/threonine kinase important in transducing intracellular Ca2+ signals. While in vitro data regarding the role of CaMKII in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS are contradictory, its role in endothelial function in vivo remains unknown. Using two novel transgenic models to express CaMKII inhibitor peptides selectively in endothelium, we examined the effect of CaMKII on eNOS activation, NO production, vasomotor tone and blood pressure. Under baseline conditions, CaMKII activation was low in the aortic wall. Consistently, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and plasma NO levels were unaltered by endothelial CaMKII inhibition. Moreover, endothelial CaMKII inhibition had no significant effect on NO-dependent vasodilation. These results were confirmed in studies of aortic rings transduced with adenovirus expressing a CaMKII inhibitor peptide. In cultured endothelial cells, bradykinin treatment produced the anticipated rapid influx of Ca2+ and transient CaMKII and eNOS activation, whereas CaMKII inhibition blocked eNOS phosphorylation on Ser-1179 and dephosphorylation at Thr-497. Ca2+/CaM binding to eNOS and resultant NO production in vitro were decreased under CaMKII inhibition. Our results demonstrate that CaMKII plays an important role in transient bradykinin-driven eNOS activation in vitro, but does not regulate NO production, vasorelaxation or blood pressure in vivo under baseline conditions.

Activation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide (eNOS Occurs through Different Membrane Domains in Endothelial Cells.

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Jason Tran

Full Text Available Endothelial cells respond to a large range of stimuli including circulating lipoproteins, growth factors and changes in haemodynamic mechanical forces to regulate the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS and maintain blood pressure. While many signalling pathways have been mapped, the identities of membrane domains through which these signals are transmitted are less well characterized. Here, we manipulated bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC with cholesterol and the oxysterol 7-ketocholesterol (7KC. Using a range of microscopy techniques including confocal, 2-photon, super-resolution and electron microscopy, we found that sterol enrichment had differential effects on eNOS and caveolin-1 (Cav1 colocalisation, membrane order of the plasma membrane, caveolae numbers and Cav1 clustering. We found a correlation between cholesterol-induced condensation of the plasma membrane and enhanced high density lipoprotein (HDL-induced eNOS activity and phosphorylation suggesting that cholesterol domains, but not individual caveolae, mediate HDL stimulation of eNOS. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-induced and shear stress-induced eNOS activity was relatively independent of membrane order and may be predominantly controlled by the number of caveolae on the cell surface. Taken together, our data suggest that signals that activate and phosphorylate eNOS are transmitted through distinct membrane domains in endothelial cells.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa of the uterine cervix associated with intraabdominal "PEComatosis": A clinicopathological study with comparative genomic hybridization analysis

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Ma Linglei

2004-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The World Health Organization recently recognized a family of neoplasms showing at least partial morphological or immunohistochemical evidence of a putative perivascular epithelioid cell (PEC differentiation. These tumors include angiomyolipoma (AML, clear cell "sugar" tumors of the lung (CCST, lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM, clear cell myomelanocytic tumors of the falciform ligament and distinctive clear cell tumors at various other anatomic sites. Case presentation & methods A 41-year old gravida-1 para-1 with tuberous sclerosis presented with an incidentally identified 2.2 cm mass. The morphology and immunohistochemical profile was consistent with PEComa. Distinct aggregates of HMB-45 epithelioid cells were present in an occasionally distinctive perivascular distribution in the myometrium, small bowel lamina propria and ovarian hila. These distinctive aggregates, for which we propose the designation "PEComatosis" based on their intraabdominal distribution, did not display cytological atypia, mitotic activity or necrosis. CGH and DNA ploidy analysis showed a balanced chromosomal profile and diploid nuclei, respectively. There was no recurrence or metastases at 35 months' follow-up. Fifty-one previously reported cases of non-AML, LAM and CCST PEComas [perivascular epithelioid cell tumors- not otherwise specified (PEComa-NOS] are reviewed. Conclusions The lesions may be a reflection of tumor multicentricity, in which each may be a potential nidus for the development of future more well-developed tumors. Alternatively, they may be a manifestation of a poorly understood "field effect", in which there is an increased propensity to develop tumors of this type throughout the abdomen. Finally, and least likely in our opinion, they may represent tumor spread from its primary site.

Synthesis of a Potent Aminopyridine-Based nNOS-Inhibitor by Two Recent No-Carrier-Added $^{18}$F-Labelling Methods

OpenAIRE

Drerup, Christian; Ermert, Johannes; Coenen, Heinrich Hubert

2016-01-01

Nitric oxide (NO), an important multifunctional signaling molecule, is produced by three isoforms of NO-synthase (NOS) and has been associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Selective inhibitors of the subtypes iNOS (inducible) or nNOS (neuronal) are of great interest for decoding neurodestructive key factors, and 18F-labelled analogues would allow investigating the NOS-function by molecular imaging with positron emission tomography. Especially, the highly selective nNOS inhibitor 6-((3-((...

Ģimene Mārgaretas Atvudas romānos

OpenAIRE

Voitiņa, Laura

2009-01-01

Mūsdienās diskusijas par ģimeni, tās vērtībām, mainīgo uzbūvi un problēmām, kas ietekmē šo institūtu, ir sastopamas ne tikai mutvārdu runā, bet arī rakstos. Dotā pētījuma mērķis bija veikt saturisku analīzi par ģimenes aprakstiem Margaretas Atvudas romānos “Istabenes Stāsts” un “Oriksa un Kreiks”, lai identificētu romānos aprakstītos ģimenes modeļus, vērtības, paražas un notikumus, kas ietekmē šo institūtu. Tika izmantotas gan teorētiskas, gan empīriskas pētījuma metodes. Lai sniegtu teorētis...

The Tumor Macroenvironment: Cancer-Promoting Networks Beyond Tumor Beds.

Science.gov (United States)

Rutkowski, Melanie R; Svoronos, Nikolaos; Perales-Puchalt, Alfredo; Conejo-Garcia, Jose R

2015-01-01

During tumor progression, alterations within the systemic tumor environment, or macroenvironment, result in the promotion of tumor growth, tumor invasion to distal organs, and eventual metastatic disease. Distally produced hormones, commensal microbiota residing within mucosal surfaces, myeloid cells and even the bone marrow impact the systemic immune system, tumor growth, and metastatic spread. Understanding the reciprocal interactions between the cells and soluble factors within the macroenvironment and the primary tumor will enable the design of specific therapies that have the potential to prevent dissemination and metastatic spread. This chapter will summarize recent findings detailing how the primary tumor and systemic tumor macroenvironment coordinate malignant progression. © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Bone tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Unni, K.K.

1988-01-01

This book contains the proceedings on bone tumors. Topics covered include: Bone tumor imaging: Contribution of CT and MRI, staging of bone tumors, perind cell tumors of bone, and metastatic bone disease

NOAA NOS SOS, EXPERIMENTAL, 1853-present, Water Level

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA NOS SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have water surface height above a reference datum. *These services are for...

Effects of Paracetamol on NOS, COX, and CYP Activity and on Oxidative Stress in Healthy Male Subjects, Rat Hepatocytes, and Recombinant NOS

Science.gov (United States)

Trettin, Arne; Böhmer, Anke; Suchy, Maria-Theresia; Probst, Irmelin; Staerk, Ulrich; Stichtenoth, Dirk O.; Frölich, Jürgen C.

2014-01-01

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a widely used analgesic drug. It interacts with various enzyme families including cytochrome P450 (CYP), cyclooxygenase (COX), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and this interplay may produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). We investigated the effects of paracetamol on prostacyclin, thromboxane, nitric oxide (NO), and oxidative stress in four male subjects who received a single 3 g oral dose of paracetamol. Thromboxane and prostacyclin synthesis was assessed by measuring their major urinary metabolites 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 and 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1α, respectively. Endothelial NO synthesis was assessed by measuring nitrite in plasma. Urinary 15(S)-8-iso-prostaglanding F2α was measured to assess oxidative stress. Plasma oleic acid oxide (cis-EpOA) was measured as a marker of cytochrome P450 activity. Upon paracetamol administration, prostacyclin synthesis was strongly inhibited, while NO synthesis increased and thromboxane synthesis remained almost unchanged. Paracetamol may shift the COX-dependent vasodilatation/vasoconstriction balance at the cost of vasodilatation. This effect may be antagonized by increasing endothelial NO synthesis. High-dosed paracetamol did not increase oxidative stress. At pharmacologically relevant concentrations, paracetamol did not affect NO synthesis/bioavailability by recombinant human endothelial NOS or inducible NOS in rat hepatocytes. We conclude that paracetamol does not increase oxidative stress in humans. PMID:24799980

Captopril improves tumor nanomedicine delivery by increasing tumor blood perfusion and enlarging endothelial gaps in tumor blood vessels.

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Zhang, Bo; Jiang, Ting; Tuo, Yanyan; Jin, Kai; Luo, Zimiao; Shi, Wei; Mei, Heng; Hu, Yu; Pang, Zhiqing; Jiang, Xinguo

2017-12-01

Poor tumor perfusion and unfavorable vessel permeability compromise nanomedicine drug delivery to tumors. Captopril dilates blood vessels, reducing blood pressure clinically and bradykinin, as the downstream signaling moiety of captopril, is capable of dilating blood vessels and effectively increasing vessel permeability. The hypothesis behind this study was that captopril can dilate tumor blood vessels, improving tumor perfusion and simultaneously enlarge the endothelial gaps of tumor vessels, therefore enhancing nanomedicine drug delivery for tumor therapy. Using the U87 tumor xenograft with abundant blood vessels as the tumor model, tumor perfusion experiments were carried out using laser Doppler imaging and lectin-labeling experiments. A single treatment of captopril at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly increased the percentage of functional vessels in tumor tissues and improved tumor blood perfusion. Scanning electron microscopy of tumor vessels also indicated that the endothelial gaps of tumor vessels were enlarged after captopril treatment. Immunofluorescence-staining of tumor slices demonstrated that captopril significantly increased bradykinin expression, possibly explaining tumor perfusion improvements and endothelial gap enlargement. Additionally, imaging in vivo, imaging ex vivo and nanoparticle distribution in tumor slices indicated that after a single treatment with captopril, the accumulation of 115-nm nanoparticles in tumors had increased 2.81-fold with a more homogeneous distribution pattern in comparison to non-captopril treated controls. Finally, pharmacodynamics experiments demonstrated that captopril combined with paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles resulted in the greatest tumor shrinkage and the most extensive necrosis in tumor tissues among all treatment groups. Taken together, the data from the present study suggest a novel strategy for improving tumor perfusion and enlarging blood vessel permeability simultaneously in order to improve

Multiparametric classification links tumor microenvironments with tumor cell phenotype.

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Bojana Gligorijevic

2014-11-01

Full Text Available While it has been established that a number of microenvironment components can affect the likelihood of metastasis, the link between microenvironment and tumor cell phenotypes is poorly understood. Here we have examined microenvironment control over two different tumor cell motility phenotypes required for metastasis. By high-resolution multiphoton microscopy of mammary carcinoma in mice, we detected two phenotypes of motile tumor cells, different in locomotion speed. Only slower tumor cells exhibited protrusions with molecular, morphological, and functional characteristics associated with invadopodia. Each region in the primary tumor exhibited either fast- or slow-locomotion. To understand how the tumor microenvironment controls invadopodium formation and tumor cell locomotion, we systematically analyzed components of the microenvironment previously associated with cell invasion and migration. No single microenvironmental property was able to predict the locations of tumor cell phenotypes in the tumor if used in isolation or combined linearly. To solve this, we utilized the support vector machine (SVM algorithm to classify phenotypes in a nonlinear fashion. This approach identified conditions that promoted either motility phenotype. We then demonstrated that varying one of the conditions may change tumor cell behavior only in a context-dependent manner. In addition, to establish the link between phenotypes and cell fates, we photoconverted and monitored the fate of tumor cells in different microenvironments, finding that only tumor cells in the invadopodium-rich microenvironments degraded extracellular matrix (ECM and disseminated. The number of invadopodia positively correlated with degradation, while the inhibiting metalloproteases eliminated degradation and lung metastasis, consistent with a direct link among invadopodia, ECM degradation, and metastasis. We have detected and characterized two phenotypes of motile tumor cells in vivo, which

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) regulatory region variation in non-human primates.

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Roodgar, Morteza; Ross, Cody T; Kenyon, Nicholas J; Marcelino, Gretchen; Smith, David Glenn

2015-04-01

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme that plays a key role in intracellular immune response against respiratory infections. Since various species of nonhuman primates exhibit different levels of susceptibility to infectious respiratory diseases, and since variation in regulatory regions of genes is thought to play a key role in expression levels of genes, two candidate regulatory regions of iNOS were mapped, sequenced, and compared across five species of nonhuman primates: African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus), pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina), cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), Indian rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), and Chinese rhesus macaques (M. mulatta). In addition, we conducted an in silico analysis of the transcription factor binding sites associated with genetic variation in these two candidate regulatory regions across species. We found that only one of the two candidate regions showed strong evidence of involvement in iNOS regulation. Specifically, we found evidence of 13 conserved binding site candidates linked to iNOS regulation: AP-1, C/EBPB, CREB, GATA-1, GATA-3, NF-AT, NF-AT5, NF-κB, KLF4, Oct-1, PEA3, SMAD3, and TCF11. Additionally, we found evidence of interspecies variation in binding sites for several regulatory elements linked to iNOS (GATA-3, GATA-4, KLF6, SRF, STAT-1, STAT-3, OLF-1 and HIF-1) across species, especially in African green monkeys relative to other species. Given the key role of iNOS in respiratory immune response, the findings of this study might help guide the direction of future studies aimed to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility of African green monkeys to several viral and bacterial respiratory infections. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Tumor radiation responses and tumor oxygenation in aging mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rockwell, S.

1989-01-01

EMT6 mouse mammary tumors transplanted into aging mice are less sensitive to radiation than tumors growing in young adult animals. The experiments reported here compare the radiation dose-response curves defining the survivals of tumor cells in aging mice and in young adult mice. Cell survival curves were assessed in normal air-breathing mice and in mice asphyxiated with N 2 to produce uniform hypoxia throughout the tumors. Analyses of survival curves revealed that 41% of viable malignant cells were severely hypoxic in tumors in aging mice, while only 19% of the tumor cells in young adult animals were radiobiologically hypoxic. This did not appear to reflect anaemia in the old animals. Treatment of aging animals with a perfluorochemical emulsion plus carbogen (95% O 2 /5% CO 2 ) increased radiation response of the tumors, apparently by improving tumor oxygenation and decreasing the number of severely hypoxic, radiation resistant cells in the tumors. (author)

nNOS inhibitors attenuate methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity but not hyperthermia in mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Itzhak, Y; Martin, J L; Ail, S F

2000-09-11

Methamphetamine (METH)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity is associated with hyperthermia. We investigated the effect of several neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors on METH-induced hyperthermia and striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Administration of METH (5 mg/kg; q. 3 h x 3) to Swiss Webster mice produced marked hyperthermia and 50-60% depletion of striatal dopaminergic markers 72 h after METH administration. Pretreatment with the nNOS inhibitors S-methylthiocitrulline (SMTC; 10 mg/kg) or 3-bromo-7-nitroindazole (3-Br-7-NI; 20 mg/kg) before each METH injection did not affect the persistent hyperthermia produced by METH, but afforded protection against the depletion of dopaminergic markers. A low dose (25 mg/kg) of the nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) did not affect METH-induced hyperthermia, but a high dose (50 mg/kg) produced significant hypothermia. These findings indicate that low dose of selective nNOS inhibitors protect against METH-induced neurotoxicity with no effect on body temperature and support the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite have a major role in METH-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity.

Osteosarcoma primario del corazón

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Benito Serrano Gomez

1986-07-01

Full Text Available Se informa un caso de osteosarcoma primario del corazón localizado en el ventrículo derecho con metástasis al sistema nervioso central, pulmón derecho y a la serosa del fleon. Este es el único tumor maligno primario del corazón en nuestro archivo de 12.230 autopsias realizadas en el Hospital San Juan de Dios en Bogotá entre 1954 y 1986. Se subraya el hecho de que las manifestaciones clínicas puedan obedecer, como ocurrió en este caso, a las metástasis y no a la alteración funcional del órgano afectado par la neoplasia primitiva. Se hace una electiva revisión del tema.

Linfoma No Hodgkin Primario de Mama: Reporte de un Caso.

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H. Gámez Oliva

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El linfoma no Hodgkin primario de la mama es una patología poco frecuente, constituye menos del 0,5% de todos los tumores mamarios malignos, debido a que carecen de características propias, tanto clínicas, mamográficas como ultrasonográficas. Es difícil el diagnóstico preoperatorio, la citología mediante BAAF tiene mejor rendimiento que el estudio con material congelado ya que este último tiende a confundirse con el carcinoma. En la actualidad se prefiere el tratamiento con quimioterapia tanto para el tratamiento local como para el regional. Presentamos el caso de un linfoma no Hodgkin primario de la mama en una paciente de 72 años.

Cáncer injertado en tejido mamario aberrante

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Lidia Torres Ajá

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Entre las anomalías del desarrollo embrionario de las mamas se encuentran las mamas supernumerarias y el tejido ectópico aberrante. Ambas pueden ser asiento de tumores malignos de la mama, en mayor número  el tejido aberrante. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 73 años, que refiere tiene desde siempre una “mamita pequeña en el surco submamario izquierdo la cual nunca le ocasiono molestias hasta hace 2 meses en que aumentó de volumen y se le retrajo la piel". Mediante biopsia escisional se le diagnostica un carcinoma ductal infiltrante, siendo así  el primer caso de carcinoma injertado en tejido mamario aberrante diagnosticado en nuestra provincia.

Offre pour nos membres

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2016-01-01

Walibi Rhône-Alpes accueille son événement Halloween FreakShow le week-end du 15 et 16 octobre puis tous les jours du 20 octobre au 02 novembre 2016 ! ouverture prolongée jusqu’à 19h et feu d’artifices chaque soir 29, 30 et 31 octobre ! Loup-garou show; 1 labyrinthe; jeu de piste sur le parc (et nombreux lots à gagner); animations (sculpture sur citrouilles et maquillage) et d'autres surpises ! Tarifs pour nos membres : Entrée "Zone terrestre": 23 € au lieu de 29 €. Entrée gratuite pour les enfants de moins de 3 ans, avec accès aux attractions limité. Parking gratuit.

Invasão do nervo óptico por melanoma peripapilar: relato de caso Optic nerve invasion by juxtapapillary melanoma: case report

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Eduardo Ferrari Marback

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Tumores pigmentados localizados sobre o disco óptico são raros e representam desafio diagnóstico. Paciente masculino, 60 anos, apresenta baixa da acuidade visual no olho esquerdo devido à lesão pigmentada que cobre o disco óptico. Foi indicada a enucleação com recusa pelo paciente. O quadro evoluiu com descolamento de retina. Examinado em outro serviço teve indicação de vitrectomia também recusada. Retorna aos nossos cuidados; feita a enucleação o diagnóstico anatomopatológico revelou melanoma maligno da coróide com invasão pós-laminar do nervo óptico. A importância prognóstica da invasão do nervo óptico por melanoma da coróide ainda não está totalmente esclarecida. Embora raro, tumor pigmentado cobrindo o nervo óptico pode representar melanoma maligno. O diagnóstico diferencial destes casos é geralmente difícil, porém seu reconhecimento à ultra-sonografia ocular é patente e descolamento de retina associado é sinal de atividade tumoral. Os riscos de disseminação da doença exigem atenção na suspeita diagnóstica e conduta precisa.Small-pigmented lesions over the optic disc are very rare and may represent a diagnostic challenge. To report a case of a small malignant choroidal melanoma invading the optic nerve. A 60-year-old male presents with low vision in the left eye due to a small, pigmented lesion over the optic disc. At first the patient refused enucleation. One month later, after further drop in visual acuity, the patient was seen at another service, diagnosed as having a retinal detachment, and pars plana vitrectomy was proposed but also refused by the patient. Returning to our service, the eye was enucleated and a final diagnosis of choroidal melanoma with post-laminar optic nerve invasion was made. Although rare, pigmented lesions over the optic disc may represent a malignant melanoma. The prognostic significance of optic nerve invasion by choroidal melanoma is not clear yet. The differential

Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Tumor Nanomedicine Delivery

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Bo Zhang

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Nanomedicines including liposomes, micelles, and nanoparticles based on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR effect have become the mainstream for tumor treatment owing to their superiority over conventional anticancer agents. Advanced design of nanomedicine including active targeting nanomedicine, tumor-responsive nanomedicine, and optimization of physicochemical properties to enable highly effective delivery of nanomedicine to tumors has further improved their therapeutic benefits. However, these strategies still could not conquer the delivery barriers of a tumor microenvironment such as heterogeneous blood flow, dense extracellular matrix, abundant stroma cells, and high interstitial fluid pressure, which severely impaired vascular transport of nanomedicines, hindered their effective extravasation, and impeded their interstitial transport to realize uniform distribution inside tumors. Therefore, modulation of tumor microenvironment has now emerged as an important strategy to improve nanomedicine delivery to tumors. Here, we review the existing strategies and approaches for tumor microenvironment modulation to improve tumor perfusion for helping more nanomedicines to reach the tumor site, to facilitate nanomedicine extravasation for enhancing transvascular transport, and to improve interstitial transport for optimizing the distribution of nanomedicines. These strategies may provide an avenue for the development of new combination chemotherapeutic regimens and reassessment of previously suboptimal agents.

Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Tumor Nanomedicine Delivery

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Bo; Hu, Yu; Pang, Zhiqing

2017-01-01

Nanomedicines including liposomes, micelles, and nanoparticles based on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect have become the mainstream for tumor treatment owing to their superiority over conventional anticancer agents. Advanced design of nanomedicine including active targeting nanomedicine, tumor-responsive nanomedicine, and optimization of physicochemical properties to enable highly effective delivery of nanomedicine to tumors has further improved their therapeutic benefits. However, these strategies still could not conquer the delivery barriers of a tumor microenvironment such as heterogeneous blood flow, dense extracellular matrix, abundant stroma cells, and high interstitial fluid pressure, which severely impaired vascular transport of nanomedicines, hindered their effective extravasation, and impeded their interstitial transport to realize uniform distribution inside tumors. Therefore, modulation of tumor microenvironment has now emerged as an important strategy to improve nanomedicine delivery to tumors. Here, we review the existing strategies and approaches for tumor microenvironment modulation to improve tumor perfusion for helping more nanomedicines to reach the tumor site, to facilitate nanomedicine extravasation for enhancing transvascular transport, and to improve interstitial transport for optimizing the distribution of nanomedicines. These strategies may provide an avenue for the development of new combination chemotherapeutic regimens and reassessment of previously suboptimal agents. PMID:29311946

Estudo Prospectivo das Características Sonográficas no Diagnóstico de Nódulos Sólidos da Mama

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Paulinelli Régis Resende

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: avaliar, por meio de estudo prospectivo, o valor de diferentes características ultra-sonográficas dos nódulos sólidos, na diferenciação de lesões malignas e benignas da mama. Métodos: foram incluídas 142 pacientes do Programa de Mastologia do Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia da Universidade Federal de Goiás com nódulos sólidos da mama. A ultra-sonografia mamária foi realizada pelo médico estagiário de mastologia, acompanhado do preceptor. As seis características estudadas foram: contornos, ecos internos, ecos posteriores, diferença dos diâmetros, ligamentos de Cooper e halo ecogênico. Cada descrição característica ultra-sonográfica foi analisada estatisticamente e comparada, após a exérese da lesão, com o resultado do exame anatomopatológico. Resultados: dentre as 142 pacientes incluídas no estudo, 90 (63% tiveram suas lesões ressecadas, com diagnóstico de 77 tumores benignos (86% e 13 de malignos (14%. Foram significantes no diagnóstico de malignidade as seguintes características ultra-sonográficas: presença de sombra acústica posterior (p=0,0001, contornos irregulares (p=0,0007, ecos internos heterogêneos (p=0,0015 e diâmetro ântero-posterior (AP maior que o látero-lateral (LL (p<0,0001. A presença de halo ecogênico no tumor e a visibilização dos ligamentos de Cooper espessados não influenciaram o diagnóstico de malignidade nesse estudo. Conclusão: a ultra-sonografia é um método diagnóstico que pode ajudar na diferenciação de tumores sólidos benignos e malignos. Os contornos irregulares, os ecos internos heterogêneos, a sombra posterior e o diâmetro AP maior que o LL, quando presentes, apresentaram alta correlação com o exame anatomopatológico de câncer.

iNOS Activity Modulates Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Tissue Fibrosis in Polyether-Polyurethane Synthetic Implants

Science.gov (United States)

Cassini-Vieira, Puebla; Araújo, Fernanda Assis; da Costa Dias, Filipi Leles; Russo, Remo Castro; Andrade, Silvia Passos; Teixeira, Mauro Martins; Barcelos, Luciola Silva

2015-01-01

There is considerable interest in implantation techniques and scaffolds for tissue engineering and, for safety and biocompatibility reasons, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis need to be determined. The contribution of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of the foreign body reaction induced by subcutaneous implantation of a synthetic matrix was never investigated. Here, we examined the role of iNOS in angiogenesis, inflammation, and collagen deposition induced by polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants, using mice with targeted disruption of the iNOS gene (iNOS−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice. The hemoglobin content and number of vessels were decreased in the implants of iNOS−/− mice compared to WT mice 14 days after implantation. VEGF levels were also reduced in the implants of iNOS−/− mice. In contrast, the iNOS−/− implants exhibited an increased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. However, no alterations were observed in levels of CXCL1 and CCL2, chemokines related to neutrophil and macrophage migration, respectively. Furthermore, the implants of iNOS−/− mice showed boosted collagen deposition. These data suggest that iNOS activity controls inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrogenesis in polyether-polyurethane synthetic implants and that lack of iNOS expression increases foreign body reaction to implants in mice. PMID:26106257

THE TUMOR MACROENVIRONMENT: CANCER-PROMOTING NETWORKS BEYOND TUMOR BEDS

OpenAIRE

Rutkowski, Melanie R.; Svoronos, Nikolaos; Puchalt, Alfredo Perales; Conejo-Garcia, Jose R.

2015-01-01

During tumor progression, alterations within the systemic tumor environment, or macroenvironment, result in the promotion of tumor growth, tumor invasion to distal organs, and eventual metastatic disease. Distally produced hormones, commensal microbiota residing within mucosal surfaces, and myeloid cells and even the bone marrow impact the systemic immune system, tumor growth, and metastatic spread. Understanding the reciprocal interactions between the cells and soluble factors within the mac...

A central role of eNOS in the protective effect of wine against metabolic syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Leighton, Federico; Miranda-Rottmann, Soledad; Urquiaga, Inés

2006-01-01

The positive health effects derived from moderate wine consumption are pleiotropic. They appear as improvements in cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma lipids, haemostatic mechanisms, endothelial function and antioxidant defences. The active principles would be ethanol and mainly polyphenols. Results from our and other laboratories support the unifying hypothesis that the improvements in risk factors after red wine consumption are mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Many genes are involved, but the participation of eNOS would be a constant feature. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic risk factors associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The National Cholesterol Education Programmmes Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEPATP III) clinical definition of the metabolic syndrome requires the presence of at least three risk factors, from among abdominal obesity, high plasma triacylglycerols, low plasma HDL, high blood pressure and high fasting plasma glucose. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the metabolic syndrome are not known. Since metabolic syndrome apparently affects 10-30% of the population in the world, research on its pathogenesis and control is needed. The recent finding that eNOS knockout mice present a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors comparable to those of the metabolic syndrome suggests that defects in eNOS function may cause human metabolic syndrome. These mice are hypertensive, insulin resistant and dyslipidemic. Further support for a pathogenic role of eNOS comes from the finding in humans that eNOS polymorphisms associate with insulin resistance and diabetes, with hypertension, with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and with albuminuria. So, the data sustain the hypothesis that eNOS enhancement should reduce metabolic syndrome incidence and its consequences. Therefore red wine, since it enhances eNOS function, should be considered as a potential tool for the control of metabolic

A meta-analysis of eNOS and ACE gene polymorphisms and risk of pre-eclampsia in women.

Science.gov (United States)

Shaik, A P; Sultana, A; Bammidi, V K; Sampathirao, K; Jamil, K

2011-10-01

A meta-analyses of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms in pre-eclampsia was performed. We shortlisted 33 studies (17 for ACE; 16 for eNOS gene polymorphisms), of which 29 articles (16 for ACE and 15 for eNOS) were analysed. Overall, 1,620 cases with pre-eclampsia and 2,158 controls were analysed for intron 16 insertion-deletion polymorphism in ACE gene. A total of 1,610 subjects with pre-eclampsia and 2,875 controls were analysed for the Glu298Asp in eNOS gene. Overall, the random-effects odds ratio (OR) with Glu298Asp in eNOS gene was 0.958 (95% confidence intervals, CI 0.747-1.228, p > 0.05), and for the insertion-deletion/ACE polymorphism was 0.987 (95% CI 0.698-1.395, p > 0.05). Significant heterogeneity was observed in the studies that evaluated polymorphisms in ACE (Q value = 55.6; I(2) = 73; p value = 0.000); and eNOS (Q value = 37.2; I(2) = 62.4; p value = 0.001) polymorphisms. No significant risk of pre-eclampsia was observed in both eNOS and ACE genes with these polymorphisms.

NOS CO-OPS Water Level Data, Verified, High Low

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has verified (quality-controlled), daily, high low water level (tide) data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services...

NOS CO-OPS Water Level Data, Preliminary, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has recent, preliminary (not quality-controlled), 6-minute, water level (tide) data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and...

NOS CO-OPS Water Level Data, Preliminary, 1-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has recent, preliminary (not quality-controlled), 1-minute, water level (tide) data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and...

NOAA/NOS and USCGS Seabed Descriptions from Hydrographic Surveys

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The NOAA/NOS and USCGS Seabed Descriptions from Hydrographic Surveys database is a compilation of surficial sediment composition from multiple sources for over...

Tumor-altered dendritic cell function: implications for anti-tumor immunity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kristian Michael Hargadon

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Dendritic cells are key regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity, and the array of immunoregulatory functions exhibited by these cells is dictated by their differentiation, maturation, and activation status. Although a major role for these cells in the induction of immunity to pathogens has long been appreciated, data accumulated over the last several years has demonstrated that DC are also critical regulators of anti-tumor immune responses. However, despite the potential for stimulation of robust anti-tumor immunity by DC, tumor-altered DC function has been observed in many cancer patients and tumor-bearing animals and is often associated with tumor immune escape. Such dysfunction has significant implications for both the induction of natural anti-tumor immune responses as well as the efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies that target endogenous DC in situ or that employ exogenous DC as part of anti-cancer immunization maneuvers. In this review, the major types of tumor-altered DC function will be described, with emphasis on recent insights into the mechanistic bases for the inhibition of DC differentiation from hematopoietic precursors, the altered programming of DC precursors to differentiate into myeloid-derived suppressor cells or tumor-associated macrophages, the suppression of DC maturation and activation, and the induction of immunoregulatory DC by tumors, tumor-derived factors, and tumor-associated cells within the milieu of the tumor microenvironment. The impact of these tumor-altered cells on the quality of the overall anti-tumor immune response will also be discussed. Finally, this review will also highlight questions concerning tumor-altered DC function that remain unanswered, and it will address factors that have limited advances in the study of this phenomenon in order to focus future research efforts in the field on identifying strategies for interfering with tumor-associated DC dysfunction and improving DC-mediated anti-tumor

Elementary school science teachers' reflection for nature of science: Workshop of NOS explicit and reflective on force and motion learning activity

Science.gov (United States)

Patho, Khanittha; Yuenyong, Chokchai; Chamrat, Suthida

2018-01-01

The nature of science has been part of Thailand's science education curriculum since 2008. However, teachers lack of understanding about the nature of science (NOS) and its teaching, particularly element school science teachers. In 2012, the Science Institute of Thailand MOE, started a project of Elementary Science Teacher Professional Development to enhance their thinking about the Nature of Science. The project aimed to enhance teachers' understanding of NOS, science teaching for explicit and reflective NOS, with the aim of extending their understanding of NOS to other teachers. This project selected 366 educational persons. The group was made up of a teacher and a teacher supervisor from 183 educational areas in 74 provinces all Thailand. The project provided a one week workshop and a year's follow up. The week-long workshop consisted of 11 activities of science teaching for explicit reflection on 8 aspects of NOS. Workshop of NOS explicit and reflective on force and motion learning activity is one of eight activities. This activity provided participants to learn force and motion and NOS from the traditional toy "Bang-Poh". The activity tried to enhance participants to explicit NOS for 5 aspects including empirical basis, subjectivity, creativity, observation and inference, and sociocultural embeddedness. The explicit NOS worksheet provided questions to ask participants to reflect their existing ideas about NOS. The paper examines elementary school science teachers' understanding of NOS from the force and motion learning activity which provided explicit reflection on 5 NOS aspects. An interpretive paradigm was used to analyse the teachers' reflections in a NOS worksheet. The findings indicated that majority of them could reflect about the empirical basis of science and creativity but few reflected on observation and inference, or sociocultural embeddedness. The paper will explain the teachers' NOS thinking and discuss the further enhancing of their understanding

Destaques da ASCO 2016 - Imunoterapia no Tratamento do Cancro do Pulmão | Rastreio do Cancro do Pulmão: Considerações Lógicas e Práticas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Bárbara Parente

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Inibidores de immune checkpoint são uma promessa na luta contra o cancro do pulmão e outros tumores malignos, alterando o microambiente do tumor e bloqueando a evasão ao sistema imunitário. Dois anticorpos anti-PD-1, nivolumab e pembrolizumab, estão aprovados para uso clínico, no cancro do pulmão, doença avançada em segunda linha. Anticorpos PD-L1 tal como atezolizumab e MEDI-4736 estão em desenvolvimento clínico e são alvo atual de vários estudos de fase II/III inclusivamente a decorrer em Portugal; tratamento de segunda linha em doentes com cancro do pulmão de não pequenas células doença avançada tem tido até agora como opção padrão o docetaxel. Desde a publicação dos resultados do National Lung Screening Trial (NLST em 2011, o rastreio do cancro do pulmão com tomografia computorizada de dose baixa tem sido o centro da investigação, guidelines e discussão geral deste tema. O racional para o screening tem evoluído nos últimos anos, dado que hospitais e outros sistemas de saúde ganharam experiência na implementação de programas de rastreio. O screening também mostra a importância do tabagismo, não apenas como um fator de risco para o cancro, mas também como uma variável que pode afetar drasticamente os resultados do cancro. Estas foram, entre outras, questões discutidas por Especialistas no 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting - American Society of Clinical Oncology, que decorreu em Chicago de 3 a 7 de junho de 2016. Recebido: 20/08/2016 – Aceite: 25/08/2016

Differential response of nNOS knockout mice to MDMA ("ecstasy")- and methamphetamine-induced psychomotor sensitization and neurotoxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Itzhak, Yossef; Anderson, Karen L; Ali, Syed F

2004-10-01

It has been shown that mice deficient in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene are resistant to cocaine-induced psychomotor sensitization and methamphetamine (METH)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. The present study was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis that nNOS has a major role in dopamine (DA)- but not serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT)-mediated effects of psychostimulants. The response of nNOS knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice to the psychomotor-stimulating and neurotoxic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; "Ecstasy") and METH were investigated. Repeated administration of MDMA for 5 days resulted in psychomotor sensitization in both WT and nNOS KO mice, while repeated administration of METH caused psychomotor sensitization in WT but not in KO mice. Sensitization to both MDMA and METH was persistent for 40 days in WT mice, but not in nNOS KO mice. These findings suggest that the induction of psychomotor sensitization to MDMA and METH is NO independent and NO dependent, respectively, while the persistence of sensitization to both drugs is NO dependent. For the neurochemical studies, a high dose of MDMA caused marked depletion of 5-HT in several brain regions of both WT and KO mice, suggesting that the absence of the nNOS gene did not afford protection against MDMA-induced depletion of 5-HT. Striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity caused by high doses of MDMA and METH in WT mice was partially prevented in KO mice administered with MDMA, but it was fully precluded in KO mice administered with METH. The differential response of nNOS KO mice to the behavioral and neurotoxic effects of MDMA and METH suggests that the nNOS gene is required for the expression and persistence of DA-mediated effects of METH and MDMA, while 5-HT-mediated effects of MDMA (induction of sensitization and 5-HT depletion) are not dependent on nNOS.

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Relative Humidity, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Relative Humidity data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not...

NOS CO-OPS Water Level Data, Verified, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has verified (quality-controlled), 6-minute, water level (tide) data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS)....

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Air Temperature, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Air Temperature data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not...

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Water Temperature, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Water Temperature data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not...

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Barometric Pressure, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Barometric Pressure data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not...

Malignant edema in swine

OpenAIRE

Pinto, Flávia Ferreira; Assis, Ronnie Antunes de; Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria; Vargas, Agueda Castagna de; Barros, Ricardo Rocha; Gonçalves, Luciana Aramuni

2005-01-01

Edema maligno em suíno é uma infecção fatal da musculatura esquelética e tecido subcutâneo de ruminantes e outras espécies animais, causada principalmente por Clostridium septicum, embora possa ocorrer em associação com Clostridium chauvoei, Clostridium sordellii, Clostridium novyi tipo A e Clostridium perfringens tipo A. O diagnóstico efetivo do edema maligno deve levar em consideração, além dos dados clínicos e lesões de necropsia, os achados microscópicos, isolamento do agente, imunofluore...

Pediatric brain tumors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poussaint, Tina Y. [Department of Radiology, Boston, MA (United States); Panigrahy, Ashok [Children' s Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Pittsburgh, PA (United States); Huisman, Thierry A.G.M. [Charlotte R. Bloomberg Children' s Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Division of Pediatric Radiology and Pediatric Neuroradiology, Baltimore, MD (United States)

2015-09-15

Among all causes of death in children from solid tumors, pediatric brain tumors are the most common. This article includes an overview of a subset of infratentorial and supratentorial tumors with a focus on tumor imaging features and molecular advances and treatments of these tumors. Key to understanding the imaging features of brain tumors is a firm grasp of other disease processes that can mimic tumor on imaging. We also review imaging features of a common subset of tumor mimics. (orig.)

eNOS se correlaciona com a biogênese mitocondrial em corações com cardiopatia congênita e cianose eNOS correlates with mitochondrial biogenesis in hearts of congenital heart disease with cyanosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Xiao

2012-09-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: O programa de biogênese mitocondrial no coração parece apresentar remodelação adaptativa após estresse biomecânico e oxidativo. Os mecanismos adaptativos que protegem o metabolismo do miocárdio durante a hipóxia são coordenados, em parte, pelo óxido nítrico (NO. OBJETIVO: Observar a biogênese mitocondrial e expressão do óxido nítrico sintase (NOS em corações de cardiopatia congênita com cianose; discutir a resposta mitocondrial à hipóxia crônica do miocárdio. MÉTODOS: Foram investigados 20 pacientes com defeitos cardíacos cianóticos (n = 10 ou acianóticos (n = 10. Foram estudadas amostras do miocárdio na via de saída ventricular direita, tomadas durante a operação. A análise morfométrica de mitocôndrias foi realizada por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A relação mtDNA/nDNA foi determinada com PCR em tempo real. Os níveis de transcrição da subunidade I da citocromo c oxidase (COXI, coativador-1α do receptor γ ativado por proliferador de peroxissoma (PGC-1α, o fator respiratório nuclear 1 (NRF1, e fator de transcrição mitocondrial A (Tfam foram detectados por reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR ativado por fluorescência em tempo real. Os níveis proteicos de COXI e nNOS, iNOS e eNOS foram medidos por técnica de Western Blot. RESULTADOS: A densidade volumétrica mitocondrial (Vv e a densidade numérica (Nv foram significativamente elevadas em pacientes com cianose, em comparação com a cardiopatia congênita acianótica. MtDNA elevada e suprarregulação dos níveis de COXI, PGC-1 α, NRF1 e Tfam mRNA foram observadas em pacientes cianóticos. Os níveis de proteína de COXI e eNOS foram significativamente maiores no miocárdio de pacientes cianóticos que nos de acianóticos. Os níveis de transcrição do PGC-1α se correlacionam com os níveis de eNOS. CONCLUSÃO: A biogênese mitocondrial é ativada no miocárdio da via de saída ventricular na

Tumor-reactive immune cells protect against metastatic tumor and induce immunoediting of indolent but not quiescent tumor cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Payne, Kyle K; Keim, Rebecca C; Graham, Laura; Idowu, Michael O; Wan, Wen; Wang, Xiang-Yang; Toor, Amir A; Bear, Harry D; Manjili, Masoud H

2016-09-01

Two major barriers to cancer immunotherapy include tumor-induced immune suppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells and poor immunogenicity of the tumor-expressing self-antigens. To overcome these barriers, we reprogrammed tumor-immune cell cross-talk by combined use of decitabine and adoptive immunotherapy, containing tumor-sensitized T cells and CD25(+) NKT cells. Decitabine functioned to induce the expression of highly immunogenic cancer testis antigens in the tumor, while also reducing the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and the presence of CD25(+) NKT cells rendered T cells, resistant to remaining myeloid-derived suppressor cells. This combinatorial therapy significantly prolonged survival of animals bearing metastatic tumor cells. Adoptive immunotherapy also induced tumor immunoediting, resulting in tumor escape and associated disease-related mortality. To identify a tumor target that is incapable of escape from the immune response, we used dormant tumor cells. We used Adriamycin chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which simultaneously induce tumor cell death and tumor dormancy. Resultant dormant cells became refractory to additional doses of Adriamycin or radiation therapy, but they remained sensitive to tumor-reactive immune cells. Importantly, we discovered that dormant tumor cells contained indolent cells that expressed low levels of Ki67 and quiescent cells that were Ki67 negative. Whereas the former were prone to tumor immunoediting and escape, the latter did not demonstrate immunoediting. Our results suggest that immunotherapy could be highly effective against quiescent dormant tumor cells. The challenge is to develop combinatorial therapies that could establish a quiescent type of tumor dormancy, which would be the best target for immunotherapy. © The Author(s).

NOS CO-OPS Meteorological Data, Rain Fall, 6-Minute

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset has Rain Fall data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not been...

NOS3 Variants, Physical Activity, and Blood Pressure in the European Youth Heart Study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grøntved, Anders; Andersen, Lars Bo; Franks, Paul W

2011-01-01

BackgroundIn this study, we examined the influence of genetic variation in NOS3 on resting blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents from the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS). Because the NOS3 gene expression is altered by physical activity (PA), we also tested for interaction between...

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase-rescue of dystrophin/utrophin double knockout mice does not require nNOS localization to the cell membrane.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michelle Wehling-Henricks

Full Text Available Survival of dystrophin/utrophin double-knockout (dko mice was increased by muscle-specific expression of a neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS transgene. Dko mice expressing the transgene (nNOS TG+/dko experienced delayed onset of mortality and increased life-span. The nNOS TG+/dko mice demonstrated a significant decrease in the concentration of CD163+, M2c macrophages that can express arginase and promote fibrosis. The decrease in M2c macrophages was associated with a significant reduction in fibrosis of heart, diaphragm and hindlimb muscles of nNOS TG+/dko mice. The nNOS transgene had no effect on the concentration of cytolytic, CD68+, M1 macrophages. Accordingly, we did not observe any change in the extent of muscle fiber lysis in the nNOS TG+/dko mice. These findings show that nNOS/NO (nitric oxide-mediated decreases in M2c macrophages lead to a reduction in the muscle fibrosis that is associated with increased mortality in mice lacking dystrophin and utrophin. Interestingly, the dramatic and beneficial effects of the nNOS transgene were not attributable to localization of nNOS protein at the cell membrane. We did not detect any nNOS protein at the sarcolemma in nNOS TG+/dko muscles. This important observation shows that sarcolemmal localization is not necessary for nNOS to have beneficial effects in dystrophic tissue and the presence of nNOS in the cytosol of dystrophic muscle fibers can ameliorate the pathology and most importantly, significantly increase life-span.

Tumor cell proliferation kinetics and tumor growth rate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tubiana, M

1989-01-01

The present knowledge on the growth rate and the proliferation kinetics of human tumor is based on the measurement of the tumor doubling times (DT) in several hundred patients and on the determination of the proportion of proliferating cells with radioactive thymidine or by flow cytometry in large numbers of patients. The results show that the DT of human tumor varies widely, from less than one week to over one year with a median value of approximately 2 months. The DTs are significantly correlated with the histological type. They depend upon (1) the duration of the cell cycle whose mean duration is 2 days with small variations from tumor to tumor, (2) the proportion of proliferating cells and consequently the cell birth rate which varies widely among tumors and which is significantly correlated to the DT, (3) the cell loss factors which also vary widely and which are the greatest when proliferation is most intensive. These studies have several clinical implications: (a) they have further increased our understanding of the natural history of human tumor, (b) they have therapeutic implications since tumor responsiveness and curability by radiation and drugs are strongly influenced by the cell kinetic parameters of the tumor, (c) the proportion of proliferating cells is of great prognostic value in several types of human cancers. The investigation of the molecular defects, which are correlated with the perturbation of control of cell proliferation, should lead to significant fundamental and therapeutic advances. (orig.).

L-Citrulline Protects Skeletal Muscle Cells from Cachectic Stimuli through an iNOS-Dependent Mechanism.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel J Ham

Full Text Available Dietary L-citrulline is thought to modulate muscle protein turnover by increasing L-arginine availability. To date, the direct effects of increased L-citrulline concentrations in muscle have been completely neglected. Therefore, we determined the role of L-citrulline in regulating cell size during catabolic conditions by depriving mature C2C12 myotubes of growth factors (serum free; SF or growth factors and nutrients (HEPES buffered saline; HBS. Cells were treated with L-citrulline or equimolar concentrations of L-arginine (positive control or L-alanine (negative control and changes in cell size and protein turnover were assessed. In myotubes incubated in HBS or SF media, L-citrulline improved rates of protein synthesis (HBS: +63%, SF: +37% and myotube diameter (HBS: +18%, SF: +29%. L-citrulline treatment substantially increased iNOS mRNA expression (SF: 350%, HBS: 750%. The general NOS inhibitor L-NAME and the iNOS specific inhibitor aminoguanidine prevented these effects in both models. Depriving myotubes in SF media of L-arginine or L-leucine, exacerbated wasting which was not attenuated by L-citrulline. The increased iNOS mRNA expression was temporally associated with increases in mRNA of the endogenous antioxidants SOD1, SOD3 and catalase. Furthermore, L-citrulline prevented inflammation (LPS and oxidative stress (H2O2 induced muscle cell wasting. In conclusion, we demonstrate a novel direct protective effect of L-citrulline on skeletal muscle cell size independent of L-arginine that is mediated through induction of the inducible NOS (iNOS isoform. This discovery of a nutritional modulator of iNOS mRNA expression in skeletal muscle cells could have substantial implications for the treatment of muscle wasting conditions.

Dexamethasone-Induced Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Prolong Allo Cardiac Graft Survival through iNOS- and Glucocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Mechanism

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yang Zhao

2018-02-01

Full Text Available How to induce immune tolerance without long-term need for immunosuppressive drugs has always been a central problem in solid organ transplantation. Modulating immunoregulatory cells represents a potential target to resolve this problem. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs are novel key immunoregulatory cells in the context of tumor development or transplantation, and can be generated in vitro. However, none of current systems for in vitro differentiation of MDSCs have successfully achieved long-term immune tolerance. Herein, we combined dexamethasone (Dex, which is a classic immune regulatory drug in the clinic, with common MDSCs inducing cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF to generate MDSCs in vitro. Addition of Dex into GM-CSF system specifically increased the number of CD11b+ Gr-1int/low MDSCs with an enhanced immunosuppressive function in vitro. Adoptive transfer of these MDSCs significantly prolonged heart allograft survival and also favored the expansion of regulatory T cells in vivo. Mechanistic studies showed that inducible nitric oxide sythase (iNOS signaling was required for MDSCs in the control of T-cell response and glucocorticoid receptor (GR signaling played a critical role in the recruitment of transferred MDSCs into allograft through upregulating CXCR2 expression on MDSCs. Blockade of GR signaling with its specific inhibitor or genetic deletion of iNOS reversed the protective effect of Dex-induced MDSCs on allograft rejection. Together, our results indicated that co-application of Dex and GM-CSF may be a new and important strategy for the induction of potent MDSCs to achieve immune tolerance in organ transplantation.

Non-ergodicity of Nosé–Hoover dynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Legoll, Frédéric; Luskin, Mitchell; Moeckel, Richard

2009-01-01

The Nosé–Hoover dynamics is a deterministic method that is commonly used to sample the canonical Gibbs measure. This dynamics extends the physical Hamiltonian dynamics by the addition of a 'thermostat' variable, which is coupled nonlinearly with the physical variables. The accuracy of the method depends on the dynamics being ergodic. Numerical experiments have been published earlier that are consistent with non-ergodicity of the dynamics for some model problems. The authors recently proved the non-ergodicity of the Nosé–Hoover dynamics for the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator. In this paper, this result is extended to non-harmonic one-dimensional systems. We also show that, for some multidimensional systems, the averaged dynamics for the limit of infinite thermostat 'mass' has many invariants, thus giving theoretical support for either non-ergodicity or slow ergodization. Numerical experiments for a two-dimensional central force problem and the one-dimensional pendulum problem give evidence for non-ergodicity

Modulation of liver mitochondrial NOS is implicated in thyroid-dependent regulation of O(2) uptake.

Science.gov (United States)

Carreras, M C; Peralta, J G; Converso, D P; Finocchietto, P V; Rebagliati, I; Zaninovich, A A; Poderoso, J J

2001-12-01

Changes in O(2) uptake at different thyroid status have been explained on the basis of the modulation of mitochondrial enzymes and membrane biophysical properties. Regarding the nitric oxide (NO) effects, we tested whether liver mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS) participates in the modulation of O(2) uptake in thyroid disorders. Wistar rats were inoculated with 400 microCi (131)I (hypothyroid group), 20 microg thyroxine (T(4))/100 g body wt administered daily for 2 wk (hyperthyroid group) or vehicle (control). Basal metabolic rate, mitochondrial function, and mtNOS activity were analyzed. Systemic and liver mitochondrial O(2) uptake and cytochrome oxidase activity were lower in hypothyroid rats with respect to controls; mitochondrial parameters were further decreased by L-arginine (-42 and -34%, P activity (260%) were selectively increased in hypothyroidism and reverted by hormone replacement without changes in other nitric oxide isoforms. Moreover, mtNOS activity correlated with serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T(3)) and O(2) uptake. Increased mtNOS activity was also observed in skeletal muscle mitochondria from hypothyroid rats. Therefore, we suggest that modulation of mtNOS is a substantial part of thyroid effects on mitochondrial O(2) uptake.

Tumor penetrating peptides

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Tambet eTeesalu

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Tumor-homing peptides can be used to deliver drugs into tumors. Phage library screening in live mice has recently identified homing peptides that specifically recognize the endothelium of tumor vessels, extravasate, and penetrate deep into the extravascular tumor tissue. The prototypic peptide of this class, iRGD (CRGDKGPDC, contains the integrin-binding RGD motif. RGD mediates tumor homing through binding to αv integrins, which are selectively expressed on various cells in tumors, including tumor endothelial cells. The tumor-penetrating properties of iRGD are mediated by a second sequence motif, R/KXXR/K. This C-end Rule (or CendR motif is active only when the second basic residue is exposed at the C-terminus of the peptide. Proteolytic processing of iRGD in tumors activates the cryptic CendR motif, which then binds to neuropilin-1 activating an endocytic bulk transport pathway through tumor tissue. Phage screening has also yielded tumor-penetrating peptides that function like iRGD in activating the CendR pathway, but bind to a different primary receptor. Moreover, novel tumor-homing peptides can be constructed from tumor-homing motifs, CendR elements and protease cleavage sites. Pathologies other than tumors can be targeted with tissue-penetrating peptides, and the primary receptor can also be a vascular zip code of a normal tissue. The CendR technology provides a solution to a major problem in tumor therapy, poor penetration of drugs into tumors. The tumor-penetrating peptides are capable of taking a payload deep into tumor tissue in mice, and they also penetrate into human tumors ex vivo. Targeting with these peptides specifically increases the accumulation in tumors of a variety of drugs and contrast agents, such as doxorubicin, antibodies and nanoparticle-based compounds. Remarkably the drug to be targeted does not have to be coupled to the peptide; the bulk transport system activated by the peptide sweeps along any compound that is

Fluxo do transporte de suínos para abate no Estado de Mato Grosso

OpenAIRE

Pereira,Thuanny Lúcia; Corassa,Anderson

2014-01-01

Objetivou-se descrever o fluxo de suínos para abate produzidos no Estado de Mato Grosso entre os anos de 2008 e 2012. Foram utilizados dados de 9.426.729 suínos produzidos no Estado de Mato Grosso e transportados para abate de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2012, no qual realizou-se análise descritiva das informações, com frequências de origem e destino; machos e fêmeas em função dos meses e anos e as distâncias percorridas. Observou-se crescimento no número de viagens e de suínos transportado...

Nitrous oxide discretely up-regulates nNOS and p53 in neonatal rat brain.

Science.gov (United States)

Cattano, D; Valleggi, S; Abramo, A; Forfori, F; Maze, M; Giunta, F

2010-06-01

Animal studies suggest that neuronal cell death often results from anesthetic administration during synaptogenesis. Volatile anesthetics are strongly involved in triggering neuronal apoptosis, whereas other inhalational agents (xenon) demonstrate protective effects. Nitrous oxide (N2O) has modest pro-apoptotic effects on its own and potent, synergistic toxic effects when combined with volatile agents. Recent findings suggest that, during periods of rapid brain development, the enhanced neurodegeneration triggered by anesthetic drugs may be caused by a compensatory increase in intracellular free calcium, a potent activator of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Anesthesia-induced neuro-apoptosis is also activated via the intrinsic and the extrinsic apoptotic pathways because both pathways involve p53, a key regulatory gene. The molecular events related to neuronal cell apoptosis are not completely understood. To gain further insight into the events underlying neuro-apoptosis, we analyzed the transcriptional consequences of N2O exposure on nNOS, iNOS and p53 mRNA levels. The study used 2 groups of postnatal day seven Sprague/Dawley rats (N=6 each) that were exposed for 120 minutes to air (75% N2, 25% O2) or N2O (75% N2O, 25% O2; this N2O concentration is commonly used to induce anesthesia and has been demonstrated to trigger neurodegeneration in postnatal day seven rats). Total RNA was isolated from each brain and expression analyses on iNOS and nNOS transcripts were performed using relative Real-Time C-reactive protein PCR (using G3PDH as a housekeeping gene). A semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis was performed on the p53 transcript (using Ciclophylin A as a housekeeping gene). Statistical analysis (REST 2005) revealed a significant, 11-fold up-regulation (P=0.026) of the nNOS transcript but no significant changes in iNOS transcription. The p53 mRNA was up-regulated almost 2-fold (P=0.0002; Student's t-Test; GraphPad Prism 4.00) in N2O-treated samples relative to

Induction of expression of iNOS by N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in human leukocytes.

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Ratajczak-Wrona, Wioletta; Jablonska, Ewa; Jablonski, Jakub; Marcinczyk, Magdalena

2009-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as well as production of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by human neutrophils (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and the participation of the p38 MAPK kinase in this process. Furthermore, the ability of neutrophils to release superoxide anion was determined. The influence of N-nitrosodimethylamine on iNOS expression was determined in isolated PMN and PBMC cells from peripheral blood of healthy individuals. The mononuclear cells showed higher sensitivity to NDMA. Moreover, cytotoxic effect of NDMA can be influenced in some way by the impact of this xenobiotic on nitric oxide and superoxide anion release from human leukocytes. Furthermore, increased generation of these radicals by human leukocytes suggest that neutrophils and mononuclear cells that are exposed to NDMA activity can play a key role in endogenous NDMA generation. However the relationship between iNOS expression and phospho-p38 MAPK in neutrophils and mononuclear cells shows that p38 MAPK pathway participates in induction of iNOS expression in the presence of NDMA.

Resting Tension Affects eNOS Activity in a Calcium-Dependent Way in Airways

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Paschalis-Adam Molyvdas

2007-03-01

Full Text Available The alteration of resting tension (RT from 0.5 g to 2.5 g increased significantly airway smooth muscle contractions induced by acetylcholine (ACh in rabbit trachea. The decrease in extracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+]o from 2 mM to 0.2 mM reduced ACh-induced contractions only at 2.5 g RT with no effect at 0.5 g RT. The nonselective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME increased ACh-induced contractions at 2.5 g RT. The inhibitor of inducible NOS, S-methylsothiourea or neuronal NOS, 7-nitroindazole had no effect. At 2.5 g RT, the reduction of [Ca2+]o from 2 mM to 0.2 mM abolished the effect of L-NAME on ACh-induced contractions. The NO precursor L-arginine or the tyrosine kinase inhibitors erbstatin A and genistein had no effect on ACh-induced contractions obtained at 2.5 g RT. Our results suggest that in airways, RT affects ACh-induced contractions by modulating the activity of epithelial NOS in a calcium-dependent, tyrosine-phosphorylation-independent way.

Tumor carcinoide apendicular Appendiceal carcinoid tumor

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Julio Vázquez Palanco

2008-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue dar a conocer un interesante caso de tumor carcinoide que se presentó con cuadro clínico de apendicitis aguda. El paciente fue un varón de 8 años de edad, al cual se realizó apendicectomía a causa de una apendicitis aguda. El resultado anatomopatológico confirmó un tumor de células endocrinas (argentafinoma, tumor carcinoide en el tercio distal del órgano, que infiltraba hasta la serosa, y apendicitis aguda supurada. El paciente fue enviado a un servicio de oncohematología para tratamiento oncoespecífico. Por lo inusual de estos tumores en edades tempranas y por lo que puede representar para el niño una conducta no consecuente, decidimos presentar este caso a la comunidad científica nacional e internacional. Es extremadamente importante el seguimiento de los pacientes con apendicitis aguda y de las conclusiones del examen histológico, por lo que puede representar para el niño una conducta inadecuada en una situación como esta.The objective of this paper was to make known an interesting case of carcinoid tumor that presented a clinical picture of acute appendicitis.The patient was an eight-year-old boy that underwent appendectomy due to an acute appendicitis. The anatomopathological report confirmed an endocrine cell tumor (argentaffinoma, carcinoid tumor in the distal third of the organ that infiltrated up to the serosa, and acute suppurative appendicitis. The patient was referred to an oncohematology service for oncospecific treatment. As it is a rare tumor at early ages, and taking into account what a inconsequent behavior may represent for the child, it was decided to present this case to the national and international scientific community. The follow-up of the patients with acute appendicitis and of the conclusions of the histological examination is extremely important considering what an inadequate conduct may represent for the child in a situation like this.

Comparação dos métodos de imagem no diagnóstico dos tumores renais e calcificações nestas neoplasias Comparison of imaging methods for diagnosis of renal tumors and their calcifications

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Sergio Marrone Ribeiro

2004-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Tentar estabelecer uma metodologia no diagnóstico e conduta dos pacientes com massas renais sólidas e complexas, comparando os custos e benefícios dos diferentes métodos de diagnóstico por imagem. Procuramos avançar no diagnóstico diferencial entre lesões benignas e malignas, particularmente através da investigação das calcificações tumorais. MÉTODOS: Realizamos um estudo prospectivo em 31 pacientes portadores de massas renais sólidas ou complexas, todos eles submetidos à ultra-sonografia abdominal (US, ultra-sonografia doppler da massa renal (US Dop, tomografia computadorizada (TC e ressonância magnética (RM. RESULTADOS: Encontramos 28 pacientes com massas malignas e três com massas benignas. Entre os 28 pacientes com lesões malignas, 17 mostraram calcificações pela TC; 16 deles calcificações do tipo central e um calcificação do tipo curvilinear periférica pura (casca de ovo. A urografia excretora (UGE mostrou uma taxa de detecção para calcificações significantemente menor que a US e a TC. Massas benignas e malignas apareceram como descrito na literatura, com o US, TC e RM mostrando alta sensibilidade e especificidade no diagnóstico dos tumores renais. A exceção foi na US Dop, onde nós obtivemos menor sensibilidade para a caracterização de fluxo tumoral maligno. CONCLUSÕES: Foi surpreendente verificar que a TC revelou calcificações centrais em 51,6% dos pacientes desta série, todas elas em lesões malignas, quando a literatura refere uma freqüência de calcificações entre 8% e 22% dos carcinomas de células renais, em estudos utilizando radiografias simples do abdômen e UGE. Este achado é de grande importância quando consideramos que estas calcificações ocorrem particularmente em neoplasias malignas. Como resultado da comparação dos diferentes métodos de diagnóstico por imagem, nós propomos uma metodologia para adequada investigação dos tumores renais.BACKGROUND: To establish the

Population structure from NOS genes correlates with geographical differences in coronary incidence across Europe.

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Carreras-Torres, Robert; Ferran, Albert; Zanetti, Daniela; Esteban, Esther; Varesi, Laurent; Pojskic, Naris; Coia, Valentina; Chaabani, Hassen; Via, Marc; Moral, Pedro

2016-12-01

The population analysis of cardiovascular risk and non-risk genetic variation can help to identify adaptive or random demographic processes that shaped coronary incidence variation across geography. In this study, 114 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 17 tandem repeat polymorphisms from Nitric Oxide Synthases (NOS) regions were analyzed in 1686 individuals from 35 populations from Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. NOS genes encode for key enzymes on nitric oxide availability, which is involved in several cardiovascular processes. These genetic variations were used to test for selection and to infer the population structure of NOS regions. Moreover, we tested whether the variation in the incidence of coronary events and in the levels of classical risk factors in 11 of these European populations could be explained by the population structure estimates. Our results supported, first, the absence of clear signs of selection for NOS genetic variants associated with cardiovascular diseases, and second, the presence of a continuous genetic pattern of variation across European and North African populations without a Mediterranean barrier for gene flow. Finally, population structure estimates from NOS regions are closely correlated with coronary event rates and classical risk parameters (explaining 39-98%) among European populations. Our results reinforce the hypothesis that genetic bases of cardiovascular diseases and associated complex phenotypes could be geographically shaped by random demographic processes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Pubertal development of penile Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Conclusion: The number of NADPH-positive fibers increases with age; however similar tumescence was recorded following electrostimulation in all age groups. NOS-nerve growth correlates with serum testosterone level. The increase of NADPH-positive fibers was accompanied by a decrease in the delay of onset of penile ...

Feasibility and dosimetry studies for 18F-NOS as a potential PET radiopharmaceutical for inducible nitric oxide synthase in humans.

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Herrero, Pilar; Laforest, Richard; Shoghi, Kooresh; Zhou, Dong; Ewald, Gregory; Pfeifer, John; Duncavage, Eric; Krupp, Kitty; Mach, Robert; Gropler, Robert

2012-06-01

Nitric oxide (NO), the end product of the inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS), is an important mediator of a variety of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, a radiolabeled iNOS radiopharmaceutical for assessing iNOS protein concentration as a marker for its activity would be of value to the study and treatment of NO-related diseases. We recently synthesized an (18)F-radiolabeled analog of the reversible NOS inhibitor, 2-amino-4-methylpyridine ((18)F-NOS), and confirmed its utility in a murine model of lung inflammation. To determine its potential for use in humans, we measured (18)F-NOS myocardial activity in patients after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) and correlated it with pathologic allograft rejection, tissue iNOS levels, and calculated human radiation dosimetry. Two groups were studied-a kinetic analysis group and a dosimetry group. In the kinetic analysis group, 10 OHT patients underwent dynamic myocardial (18)F-NOS PET/CT, followed by endomyocardial biopsy. Myocardial (18)F-NOS PET was assessed using volume of distribution; standardized uptake values at 10 min; area under the myocardial moment curve (AUMC); and mean resident time at 5, 10, and 30 min after tracer injection. Tissue iNOS levels were measured by immunohistochemistry. In the dosimetry group, the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry were calculated using whole-body PET/CT in 4 healthy volunteers and 12 OHT patients. The combined time-activity curves were used for residence time calculation, and organ doses were calculated with OLINDA. Both AUMC at 10 min (P measurements with acceptable radiation exposure. Although further modifications to improve the performance of (18)F-NOS are needed, these data show the feasibility of PET of iNOS in the heart and other tissues.

Tratamiento del Cáncer con captura de Neutrones

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Jaime Gómez Gonzalez

1997-12-01

Full Text Available

La captura de átomos de boro, gadolinio o la mezcla de estos dos elementos para tratamiento del cáncer es un método experimental que está demostrando gran utilidad en el tratamiento de los tumores cerebrales malignos y de melanomas. Se espera que en un futuro próximo se pueda utilizar en la terapia del cáncer del pulmón, próstata y seno.

La captura de átomos de boro con neutrones es un método bifásico: Requiere la inyección de una substancia con afinidad por el tejido neoplásico como el boro o el gadolinio y la exposición del enfermo a un haz de neutrones epitérmicos. Al entrar en contacto los neutrones con el boro o gadolinio captado por las células tumorales, se forma una reacción de fisión limitada a un radio de 5 a 10 micras la cual libera una gran cantidad de energía, produce la destrucción de las trenzas de DNA y del tejido tumoral. Las células normales que no captan boro o gadolinio permanecen indemnes.

Antecedentes

El método conocido por la sigla inglesa BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy fue iniciado en Bastan en los años cincuenta por el DI. William Sweet, profesor de neurocirugía de la Universidad de Harvard. Entre 1950 y 1960 se trataron cerca de 50 enfermos con tumores cerebrales malignos. Los resultados no fueron satisfactorios porque el compuesto borado y los neutrones que se utilizaron fueron de baja energía.

En 1964 Hiroshi Hatanaka, un neurocirujano japonés, trabajó con el DI. Sweet y aprendió el método. A su regreso a Japón en 1967 modificó el sistema con la introducción de un compuesto borado de segunda generación conocido como BSH (borocaptato de sodio. Hatanaka utilizaba la técnica de craneotomía abierta bajo anestesia general y exposición a los neutrones térmicos.

En 1993 Hatanaka presentó en el Congreso Mundial de Neurocirugía reunido en Acapu1co, México, los resultados de veinticinco años de trabajo y mostr

Fracionamento de manganês acumulado nos tecidos de mudas de caramboleira

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Amanda Hernandes

2011-10-01

Full Text Available A caramboleira (Averrhoa carambola tende a acumular grande quantidade de Mn nos seus tecidos, mas são escassas as informações sobre a forma como o excesso desse nutriente permanece na planta. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o esclarecimento desse aspecto, neste trabalho foram cultivadas mudas de caramboleira em solução nutritiva de Furlani (1999 com concentrações crescentes de Mn (0; 0,5; 25; e 50 mg L-1 de Mn, e aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias os tecidos de caule, folha e raiz foram colhidos e submetidos a uma sequência de soluções extratoras: água, DTPA (ácido dietilenotriaminopentacético e HCl (ácido clorídrico 1 mol L-1, com posterior determinação da quantidade de Mn nos extratos e nos tecidos remanescentes. Foram encontrados teores crescentes de Mn nos extratos de água, DTPA e HCl 1 mol L-1. A maior parte (cerca de 50 % do Mn permaneceu no tecido vegetal, mesmo após subsequentes extrações com as diferentes soluções extratoras, indicando que essa parte está fortemente ligada aos tecidos. Os maiores teores de Mn foram encontrados nas raízes e, os menores, no caule e nas folhas, sugerindo que a caramboleira tende a fixar o Mn nas raízes, possivelmente como mecanismo para limitar o transporte para a parte área, evitando a intoxicação da planta.

CT findings of parotid gland tumors: benign versus malignant tumors

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Lee, Moon Ok; Han, Chun Hwan; Kim, Mie Young; Yi, Jeong Geun; Park, Kyung Joo; Lee, Joo Hyuk; Bae, Sang Hoon; Kim, Jeung Sook

1994-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of parotid gland tumors to help in the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. The CT findings of 22 patients with surgically proven parotid gland tumors were reviewed. Analysis was focused on the density and margin characteristics of the tumors, and the relationship between the tumor and surrounding structures. Those tumors were pleomorphic adenoma (n = 8), Warthin's tumor (n = 5), basal cell adenoma (n = 1), lipoma (n = 1), dermoid cyst (n = 1), adenoid cystic carcinoma (n = 2), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (n 1), epidermoid carcinoma (n = 1), and carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma (n 1). Most of benign and malignant tumors were heterogeneous in density on contrast enhanced CT scans. In 5 of 6 malignant cases, the tumors had irregular or ill-defined margin and a tendancy to involve or cross the superficial layer of deep cervical fascia with obliteration of subcutaneous fat. Two malignant tumors invaded surrounding structures. Although the heterogeneous density of tumor is not a specific finding for malignancy at CT, following findings, such as, irregular or blurred margin of the lesion, the involvement of fascial plane, and the infiltration of surrounding structures may suggest the possibility of malignant parotid tumor

Phospho-eNOS Ser-1176 is associated with the nucleoli and the Golgi complex in C6 rat glioma cells.

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Klinz, Franz-Josef; Herberg, Natalie; Arnhold, Stefan; Addicks, Klaus; Bloch, Wilhelm

2007-06-29

Enzymatic activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is controlled by posttranslational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and subcellular localization. For example, N-terminal fatty acid modifications target eNOS to the Golgi complex where it becomes phosphorylated. We show here by immunofluorescence analysis that phospho-eNOS Ser-1176 is enriched in the perinuclear region of interphase C6 rat glioma cells. Confocal double immunofluorescence microscopy with the Golgi marker protein 58K revealed that phospho-eNOS Ser-1176 is associated with the Golgi complex. Surprisingly, we observed several spots in the nucleus of C6 cells that were positive for phospho-eNOS Ser-1176. Confocal double immunofluorescence analysis with the nucleolus marker protein fibrillarin revealed that within the nucleus phospho-eNOS Ser-1176 is exclusively associated with the nucleoli. It is known that in mitotic cells nucleoli are lost during prophase and rebuild during telophase. In agreement with this, we find no nucleoli-like distribution of phospho-eNOS Ser-1176 in metaphase and anaphase C6 glioma cells. Our finding that phospho-eNOS Ser-1176 is selectively associated with the nucleoli points to a so far unknown role for eNOS in interphase glioma cells.

Primary cysts and tumors of the mediastinum

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Pedro Bastos

2007-09-01

álise unifactorial identificou a existência de sintomas como factor preditivo de malignidade (p<0,001. A abordagem cirúrgica foi feita por toracotomia póstero-lateral (64 doentes, esternotomia mediana (51, mediastinostomia anterior (27, toracotomia ântero-lateral (18, videotoracoscopia (9 doentes e mediastinoscopia (2. Em 116 doentes foi efectuada ressecção total da lesão, em 8 ressecção alargada, em 7 ressecção subtotal e em 40 biópsia. Um doente (0,6% morreu no período pós-operatório. O follow-up englobou 165 doentes (96,5% e variou entre 34 dias e 13,4 anos (médio 5,7±4,0 anos. Em 75 doentes foi efectuado tratamento complementar com quimio e/ou radioterapia. Seis doentes foram reoperados por recorrência local (3 ou metástases (3 da lesão primária. Quinze faleceram em consequência da sua doença durante o período de follow-up. A sobrevida actuarial aos 5 anos foi de 97,6% para as lesões benignas e de 76,4% para as lesões malignas. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos suportam a ressecção cirúrgica das lesões benignas e uma abordagem multimodal agressiva dos tumores malignos. Key-words: Mediastinal cysts, mediastinal tumours, general thoracic surgery, Palavras-chave: Cistos do mediastino, tumores do mediastino, cirurgia torácica

Conformance to Regulatory Guide 1.97, Perry Nuclear Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2 (Docket Nos. 50-440 and 50-441)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Udy, A.C.

1985-03-01

This EG and G Idaho, Inc., report provides a review of the submittals for Regulatory Guide 1.97, Revision 2, for the Perry Nuclear Power Plant, Unit Nos. 1 and 2. Any exception to the guidelines of Regulatory Guide 1.97 are evaluated

Rabdomiosarcoma de oído en el niño Rhabdomyosarcoma of the ear in a child

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Esther Villavicencio Cordobés

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los sarcomas de partes blandas son un grupo heterogéneo de tumores que se denominan así porque se originan en las estructuras que soportan el cuerpo o envuelven los órganos y tejidos. Dentro de los sarcomas de tejidos blandos, se encuentra el rabdomiosarcoma, que es la variedad más frecuente en Pediatría. A pesar de ser tumores raros, representan aproximadamente el 3 % de los tumores malignos pediátricos. Cuando se presentan, se localizan, en su mayoría, en la cabeza y el cuello, la vejiga, las vías biliares y la vagina. La localización en el oído medio es muy infrecuente. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es presentar el caso de una paciente con esta localización del tumor, su evolución, y realizar una revisión del tema.Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that are so called because they occur in the structures supporting the body or lining the organs and tissues. Within this group, one may find the rhabdomyosarcoma that is the most frequent type in pediatrics. In spite of being rare tumors, they account for 3 % of pediatric malignant tumors. Most of them are located in the neck and the head, in the bladder, in the biliary ducts and in the vagina. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear is very uncommon. This paper was aimed at presenting a female patient with this type of tumor, her progression, and also a literature review on this topic.

Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Major Players in the Tumor Microenvironment

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Chanmee, Theerawut; Ontong, Pawared; Konno, Kenjiro; Itano, Naoki

2014-01-01

During tumor progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are actively recruited into tumors where they alter the tumor microenvironment to accelerate tumor progression. Macrophages shift their functional phenotypes in response to various microenvironmental signals generated from tumor and stromal cells. Based on their function, macrophages are divided broadly into two categories: classical M1 and alternative M2 macrophages. The M1 macrophage is involved in the inflammatory response, pathogen clearance, and antitumor immunity. In contrast, the M2 macrophage influences an anti-inflammatory response, wound healing, and pro-tumorigenic properties. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) closely resemble the M2-polarized macrophages and are critical modulators of the tumor microenvironment. Clinicopathological studies have suggested that TAM accumulation in tumors correlates with a poor clinical outcome. Consistent with that evidence, experimental and animal studies have supported the notion that TAMs can provide a favorable microenvironment to promote tumor development and progression. In this review article, we present an overview of mechanisms responsible for TAM recruitment and highlight the roles of TAMs in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, immunosuppression, and chemotherapeutic resistance. Finally, we discuss TAM-targeting therapy as a promising novel strategy for an indirect cancer therapy

Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Major Players in the Tumor Microenvironment

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Chanmee, Theerawut [Institute of Advanced Technology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan); Ontong, Pawared [Division of Engineering (Biotechnology), Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan); Konno, Kenjiro [Department of Animal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan); Itano, Naoki, E-mail: itanon@cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp [Institute of Advanced Technology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan); Division of Engineering (Biotechnology), Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan); Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan)

2014-08-13

During tumor progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are actively recruited into tumors where they alter the tumor microenvironment to accelerate tumor progression. Macrophages shift their functional phenotypes in response to various microenvironmental signals generated from tumor and stromal cells. Based on their function, macrophages are divided broadly into two categories: classical M1 and alternative M2 macrophages. The M1 macrophage is involved in the inflammatory response, pathogen clearance, and antitumor immunity. In contrast, the M2 macrophage influences an anti-inflammatory response, wound healing, and pro-tumorigenic properties. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) closely resemble the M2-polarized macrophages and are critical modulators of the tumor microenvironment. Clinicopathological studies have suggested that TAM accumulation in tumors correlates with a poor clinical outcome. Consistent with that evidence, experimental and animal studies have supported the notion that TAMs can provide a favorable microenvironment to promote tumor development and progression. In this review article, we present an overview of mechanisms responsible for TAM recruitment and highlight the roles of TAMs in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, immunosuppression, and chemotherapeutic resistance. Finally, we discuss TAM-targeting therapy as a promising novel strategy for an indirect cancer therapy.

Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells Promoting Tumor Invasion and Metastasis: Existing Theories

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Yan-gao Man, Alexander Stojadinovic, Jeffrey Mason, Itzhak Avital, Anton Bilchik, Bjoern Bruecher, Mladjan Protic, Aviram Nissan, Mina Izadjoo, Xichen Zhang, Anahid Jewett

2013-01-01

Full Text Available It is a commonly held belief that infiltration of immune cells into tumor tissues and direct physical contact between tumor cells and infiltrated immune cells is associated with physical destructions of the tumor cells, reduction of the tumor burden, and improved clinical prognosis. An increasing number of studies, however, have suggested that aberrant infiltration of immune cells into tumor or normal tissues may promote tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Neither the primary reason for these contradictory observations, nor the mechanism for the reported diverse impact of tumor-infiltrating immune cells has been elucidated, making it difficult to judge the clinical implications of infiltration of immune cells within tumor tissues. This mini-review presents several existing hypotheses and models that favor the promoting impact of tumor-infiltrating immune cells on tumor invasion and metastasis, and also analyzes their strength and weakness.

Termoterapia transpupilar em melanoma maligno da coróide Transpupillary thermotherapy for malignant choroidal melanoma

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Martha M. Motomo Chojniak

2001-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Vários métodos vem sendo utilizados para o tratamento dos melanomas da coróide. A proposta deste trabalho preliminar é avaliar a eficácia da termoterapia transpupilar (TTT como tratamento primário de melanomas da coróide pequenos. Métodos: Foi realizado um trabalho prospectivo e não-randomizado para avaliar os aspectos clínicos, resposta do tumor, complicações e resultados visuais de pacientes portadores de melanomas da coróide pequenos (até 4,0 mm de espessura e 12 mm de diâmetro basal tratados por termoterapia transpupilar utilizando-se sucessivas aplicações de laser diodo contínuo de 810 nm. Resultados: Foram tratados 11 pacientes portadores de melanomas da coróide pequenos. O tumor era único e pigmentado em 100% dos casos. Crescimento documentado esteve presente em 5 pacientes (45,45% previamente ao tratamento e fatores de risco para crescimento ou metástase estavam presentes em todos os pacientes. O tempo de seguimento destes pacientes a partir do tratamento foi em média de 5,72 meses (3 - 8 meses. Foram utilizadas 3 sessões de laser em 5 pacientes (45,45% e 4 sessões em 6 pacientes (64,64%. As lesões apresentavam, por ocasião do diagnóstico, uma espessura média de 2,65 mm (1,85-3,86 mm, com maior diâmetro basal médio de 7,98 mm (4,2-11,33 mm. Após o tratamento, a espessura média foi de 1,83 mm (0,98-2,93 mm e o maior diâmetro basal médio foi de 6,59 mm (3,81 mm -10,67 mm. Das lesões tratadas, 100% apresentaram diminuição da altura e do máximo diâmetro basal, tendo sido a diminuição média da espessura de 0,89 mm e do máximo diâmetro basal de 1,39 mm. A acuidade visual manteve-se inalterada em 5 casos (45,45% e piorou após o tratamento em 6 casos (54,54%. Ocorreram complicações em 9 casos, tendo sido considerada complicação grave 1 caso de descolamento parcial da retina (9,09%; as outras complicações foram consideradas leves: pequenas hemorragias intra-retinianas em 7 pacientes (63

KONSUMSI MIKRONUTRIEN DAN EKSPRESI GEN eNOS3 ALEL INTRO 4a4b PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI ETNIK MINANGKABAU

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Delmi Sulastri

2011-05-01

Full Text Available AbstrakGen eNOS3 varian intron 4a4b merupakan salah satu gen yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi esensial. Kemampuan Gen eNOS3 varian ini untuk mensintesis enzim nitric oxide synthase (NOS berkurang sehingga sintesis Nitric oxide (NO menurun. Senyawa NO adalah suatu senyawa vasoaktif yang menyebabkan vasodilatasi pembuluh darah.Penelitian pada subjek hipertensi dan normotensi berusia 30-65 tahun bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh mikronutrien terhadap ekspresi gen eNOS3 alel intron 4a4b. 130 subjek, diwawancara pola makannya lalu dilakukan analisis asupan mikronutrien, gen eNOS3, serta kadar NO plasma. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji T dan chi-square.Kadar NO plasma penderita hipertensi adalah 26.91 + 15.40 μM/L dan normotensi 25.79 + 15.04 μM/L. 55.5% subjek hipertensi memiliki gen eNOS3 varian intron 4b dan 69% subjek normotensi mempunyai varian intron 4a4b. Kadar NO plasma rendah, (66.7% ditemukan pada subjek hipertensi dengan varian intron 4b. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna asupan mikronutrien dengan kadar NO plasma pada subjek hipertensi.Hasil ini tidak mendukung pengaruh konsumsi mikronutrien terhadap kadar NO plasma pada penderita hipertensi dengan gen eNOS3 varian intron 4a4b.Kata Kunci : hipertensi esensial, gen eNOS3, kadar NO plasmaAbstracteNOS 3 gene intron 4a4b allel is one of the important genes which is related to hypertesion essensial. This gene expresses the nitric oxide synthase (NOS enzyme which regulates the synthesis of Nitric oxide (NO in human body. NO causes vasodilatation, which decreases peripheral resistant and blood pressure.A research has been done based on cross sectional study on hypertension patients and those with normal blood pressure in the range of 30-65 years old. The main of this research is to evaluate the influence of micronutrient consumption on eNOS3 gene intron 4a4b allel expression in hypertension subjects in Minangkabau ethnicity. 130 subjects interviewed about micronutrient

IL-10 and NOS2 modulate antigen-specific reactivity and nerve infiltration by T cells in experimental leprosy.

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Deanna A Hagge

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Although immunopathology dictates clinical outcome in leprosy, the dynamics of early and chronic infection are poorly defined. In the tuberculoid region of the spectrum, Mycobacterium leprae growth is restricted yet a severe granulomatous lesion can occur. The evolution and maintenance of chronic inflammatory processes like those observed in the leprosy granuloma involve an ongoing network of communications via cytokines. IL-10 has immunosuppressive properties and IL-10 genetic variants have been associated with leprosy development and reactions.The role of IL-10 in resistance and inflammation in leprosy was investigated using Mycobacterium leprae infection of mice deficient in IL-10 (IL-10-/-, as well as mice deficient in both inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2-/- and IL-10 (10NOS2-/-. Although a lack of IL-10 did not affect M. leprae multiplication in the footpads (FP, inflammation increased from C57Bl/6 (B6NOS2-/-<10NOS2-/-. While IL-10-/- mice exhibited modest FP induration compared to B6, NOS2-/- and 10NOS2-/- mice developed markedly enlarged FP marking distinct phases: early (1 month, peak (3-4 months, and chronic (8 months. IFN-γ-producing CD4+CD44+ cells responding to M. leprae cell wall, membrane, and cytosol antigens and ML2028 (Ag85B were significantly increased in the evolved granuloma in NOS2-/- FP compared to B6 and IL-10-/- during early and peak phases. In 10NOS2-/- FP, CD4+CD44+ and especially CD8+CD44+ responses were augmented even further to these antigens as well as to ML0380 (GroES, ML2038 (bacterioferritin, and ML1877 (EF-Tu. Moreover, fragmented nerves containing CD4+ cells were present in 10NOS2-/- FP.The 10NOS2-/- strain offers insight on the regulation of granuloma formation and maintenance by immune modulators in the resistant forms of leprosy and presents a new model for investigating the pathogenesis of neurological involvement.

Mild mitochondrial uncoupling and calorie restriction increase fasting eNOS, akt and mitochondrial biogenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Cerqueira, Fernanda M; Laurindo, Francisco R M; Kowaltowski, Alicia J

2011-03-31

Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis promoted by eNOS activation is believed to play a central role in the beneficial effects of calorie restriction (CR). Since treatment of mice with dinitrophenol (DNP) promotes health and lifespan benefits similar to those observed in CR, we hypothesized that it could also impact biogenesis. We found that DNP and CR increase citrate synthase activity, PGC-1α, cytochrome c oxidase and mitofusin-2 expression, as well as fasting plasma levels of NO• products. In addition, eNOS and Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue was activated in fasting CR and DNP animals. Overall, our results indicate that systemic mild uncoupling activates eNOS and Akt-dependent pathways leading to mitochondrial biogenesis.

Cross-immunity among allogeneic tumors of rats immunized with solid tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ogasawara, Masamichi

1979-01-01

Several experiments were done for the study of cross-immunity among allogeneic rat tumors by immunization using gamma-irradiated or non-irradiated solid tumors. Each group of rats which were immunized with gamma-irradiation solid tumor inocula from ascites tumor cell line of tetra-ploid Hirosaki sarcoma, Usubuchi sarcoma or AH 130, showed an apparent resistance against the intraperitoneal challenge with Hirosaki sarcoma. A similar resistance was demonstrated in the case of the challenge with Usubuchi sarcoma into rats immunized with non-irradiated methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced tumors. In using solid MCA tumors as immunogen and Hirosaki sarcoma as challenge tumor, it was also demonstrated in 2 out of 3 groups immunized with non-irradiated tumors. In the experiment of trying to induce cross-immunity between 2 MCA tumors by immunization with irradiated solid tumor only, the inhibitory effect on the growth was observed in the early stage in the treated groups as compared with the control one. From the above results, it may be considered that the immunization with irradiated solid tumors fromas cites cell lines and non-irradiated solid MCA tumors induced strong cross-immunity in general, but that the immunization with only irradiated solid MCA tumors induced weak cross-immunity commonly. (author)

Imaging of brain tumors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gaensler, E H.L. [California Univ., San Francisco, CA (United States). Dept. of Radiology

1996-12-31

The contents are diagnostic approaches, general features of tumors -hydrocephalus, edema, attenuation and/or intensity value, hemorrhage, fat, contrast enhancement, intra-axial supratentorial tumors - tumors of glial origin, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, subependymomas, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, choroid plexus papilloma; midline tumors - colloid cysts, craniopharyngiomas; pineal region tumors and miscellaneous tumors i.e. primary intracerebral lymphoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumors, hemangioblastomas; extraaxial tumors - meningiomas; nerve sheath tumors -schwannomas, epidermoids, dermoids, lipomas, arachnoid cysts; metastatic tumors (8 refs.).

Imaging of brain tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaensler, E.H.L.

1995-01-01

The contents are diagnostic approaches, general features of tumors -hydrocephalus, edema, attenuation and/or intensity value, hemorrhage, fat, contrast enhancement, intra-axial supratentorial tumors - tumors of glial origin, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, subependymomas, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, choroid plexus papilloma; midline tumors - colloid cysts, craniopharyngiomas; pineal region tumors and miscellaneous tumors i.e. primary intracerebral lymphoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumors, hemangioblastomas; extraaxial tumors - meningiomas; nerve sheath tumors -schwannomas, epidermoids, dermoids, lipomas, arachnoid cysts; metastatic tumors (8 refs.)

Tumor neuroepitelial disembrioplástico: estudo epidemiológico de uma única instituição

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ROSEMBERG SÉRGIO

1998-01-01

Full Text Available A real incidência do tumor neuroepitelial disembrioplástico (DNT é desconhecida. Diferentes estimações foram feitas, de acordo com o tipo de recrutamento dos pacientes. Nas séries provenientes de pacientes operados por epilepsia fármaco-resistente, as taxas variam amplamente, de 5% a 87%. Em uma série de 600 tumores pediátricos do sistema nervoso central, 9 DNT foram encontrados (1,5%. Como o DNT foi identificado apenas em 1988, revimos nossos casos (1975-1991 de gangliogliomas (n=25, oligoastrocitomas (n=9, oligodendrogliomas do lobo temporal (n=11, astrocitomas grau II (OMS 1993 (n=44, independentemente da idade dos pacientes, bem como todos os astrocitomas grau II (n=61 e oligodendrogliomas (n=10 em pacientes até a idade de 20 anos. Sete DNT foram encontrados. Quatro haviam sido previamente diagnosticados como gangliogliomas e 3, como astrocitomas grau II. A partir de 1992, 4 outros DNT foram diagnosticados, perfazendo um total de 11 casos. Oito pacientes tinham menos de 17 anos (6 a 17, média 10,3 anos e três tinham 27, 42 e 51 anos. Oito tumores eram temporais, 1 frontal e 2 occipitais. Todos os pacientes apresentavam epilepsia fármaco-resistente. Dentre todos os tumores neuroepiteliais diagnosticados em nosso Serviço nos últimos 22 anos, DNT compreedem 1,2% em pacientes até 20 anos (n=660, 0,24% em pacientes acima de 20 anos (n=1254, e 0,63% na totalidade dos pacientes (n=1914.

Experimental rat lung tumor model with intrabronchial tumor cell implantation.

Science.gov (United States)

Gomes Neto, Antero; Simão, Antônio Felipe Leite; Miranda, Samuel de Paula; Mourão, Lívia Talita Cajaseiras; Bezerra, Nilfácio Prado; Almeida, Paulo Roberto Carvalho de; Ribeiro, Ronaldo de Albuquerque

2008-01-01

The objective of this study was to develop a rat lung tumor model for anticancer drug testing. Sixty-two female Wistar rats weighing 208 +/- 20 g were anesthetized intraperitoneally with 2.5% tribromoethanol (1 ml/100 g live weight), tracheotomized and intubated with an ultrafine catheter for inoculation with Walker's tumor cells. In the first step of the experiment, a technique was established for intrabronchial implantation of 10(5) to 5 x 10(5) tumor cells, and the tumor take rate was determined. The second stage consisted of determining tumor volume, correlating findings from high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) with findings from necropsia and determining time of survival. The tumor take rate was 94.7% for implants with 4 x 10(5) tumor cells, HRCT and necropsia findings matched closely (r=0.953; p<0.0001), the median time of survival was 11 days, and surgical mortality was 4.8%. The present rat lung tumor model was shown to be feasible: the take rate was high, surgical mortality was negligible and the procedure was simple to perform and easily reproduced. HRCT was found to be a highly accurate tool for tumor diagnosis, localization and measurement and may be recommended for monitoring tumor growth in this model.

Intoxicação em suínos pela ingestão de sementes de Aeschynomene indica (Leg.Papilionoideae)

OpenAIRE

Oliveira,Fabiano N.; Rech,Raquel R.; Rissi,Daniel R.; Barros,Ricardo R.; Barros,Claudio S.L.

2005-01-01

Relata-se um surto espontâneo de intoxicação em suínos pela ingestão de sementes de Aeschynomene indica e a reprodução da doença nessa espécie animal. O surto espontâneo ocorreu numa propriedade de criação de suínos localizada na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Nessa propriedade havia 100 suínos (20 matrizes e 80 suínos jovens de várias categorias). Os suínos eram alimentados com uma ração feita na propriedade pela mistura de 50% farelo de milho, 25% de farelo de soja, 5% de um suplement...

Cinética do P nos tecidos de suínos em crescimento alimentados com dietas formuladas de acordo com o conceito de proteína ideal e suplementadas com enzima fitase

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J.A. Moreira

2014-10-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo foi desenvolvido para avaliar os efeitos da enzima fitase sobre a cinética do P nos tecidos de suínos, alimentados com dietas formuladas de acordo com o conceito de proteína ideal e suplementadas com enzima fitase. Foram utilizados 20 suínos machos castrados, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os animais foram alojados em gaiolas metabólicas durante 17 dias, sendo 10 dias para adaptação e sete dias para coletas de fezes e urina. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas por cinco dias. No primeiro dia da fase experimental, cada animal recebeu, por via endovenosa, uma solução radioativa com 7,4MBq de 32P. No final do período experimental, os animais foram sacrificados, e amostras de tecidos do músculo (lombo, coração, fígado, rins e ossos foram coletadas. A enzima fitase interferiu na cinética do 32P, levando a uma menor incorporação nos tecidos dos ossos.

Brain tumor - children

Science.gov (United States)

... children; Neuroglioma - children; Oligodendroglioma - children; Meningioma - children; Cancer - brain tumor (children) ... The cause of primary brain tumors is unknown. Primary brain tumors may ... (spread to nearby areas) Cancerous (malignant) Brain tumors ...

Brain Tumors

Science.gov (United States)

A brain tumor is a growth of abnormal cells in the tissues of the brain. Brain tumors can be benign, with no cancer cells, ... cancer cells that grow quickly. Some are primary brain tumors, which start in the brain. Others are ...

Essential contribution of tumor-derived perlecan to epidermal tumor growth and angiogenesis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jiang, Xinnong; Multhaupt, Hinke; Chan, En

2004-01-01

As a major heparan sulfate proteoglycan (PG) in basement membranes, perlecan has been linked to tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Here we produced epidermal tumors in immunocompromised rats by injection of mouse RT101 tumor cells. Tumor sections stained with species-specific perlecan...... factor. In vivo, antisense perlecan-transfected cells generated no tumors, whereas untransfected and vector-transfected cells formed tumors with obvious neovascularization, suggesting that tumor perlecan rather than host perlecan controls tumor growth and angiogenesis....

Renal nerves and nNOS

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kompanowska-Jezierska, Elzbieta; Wolff, Helle; Kuczeriszka, Marta

2008-01-01

). This was tested by NaLoad after chronic renal denervation with and without inhibition of nNOS by S-methyl-thiocitrulline (SMTC). In addition, the acute effects of renal denervation on MABP and sodium balance were assessed. Rats were investigated in the conscious, catheterized state, in metabolic cages...... of acutely and chronically denervated rats were less than control (15% and 9%, respectively, P reduced by renal denervation (14.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 19.3 +/- 1.3 mIU/l, P reduced...... PRC (P sodium excretion six-fold, irrespective of renal denervation and SMTC. The metabolic data demonstrated that renal denervation lowered sodium balance during the first days after denervation (P

DOENÇAS DE SUÍNOS

OpenAIRE

Juliana Sperotto Brum

2013-01-01

Esta tese envolveu o estudo de doenças de suínos, incluindo a descrição de um sarcoma granulocítico eosinofílico e surtos de intoxicação por sal. O estudo das características e frequência das doenças na população suína na região de abrangência do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) foi realizado através de um estudo retrospectivo de todos os diagnósticos de necropsias. Foram separados 564 casos com diagnósticos conclusivos. A...

Qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemical evaluation of iNOS expression in the spleen of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania chagasi.

Science.gov (United States)

dos Santos, Fernando Rocha; Vieira, Paula Melo Abreu; Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo; Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro; Carneiro, Claudia Martins; Reis, Alexandre Barbosa; Malaquias, Luiz Cosme Cotta

2011-06-01

Nitric oxide (NO), the product of the nitric oxide synthase enzymes has been detected in Leishmania-infected animals. Besides its role on the immunity to infection, the role of NO and the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the pathogenesis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is not well understood. This study aimed at evaluating immunohistochemically the iNOS expression in the spleen of dogs naturally infected (ID) with Leishmania (L.) chagasi compared with non-infected dogs (NID). The ID was grouped according to the clinical form and the parasite load. Symptomatic dogs (SD) presented higher parasite load in relation to oligosymptomatic (OD) and asymptomatic (AD). The qualitative expression of iNOS was observed only in ID. SD presented strong and prominent labeling of iNOS, followed by OD and AD. Quantitatively, the results showed that the median expression of iNOS was higher in SD and OD compared to NID. Also, dog spleens with high parasitism load showed marked iNOS expression. Taken together, the results suggest that the expression of iNOS in the spleen of infected dogs with CVL was associated with clinical worsening of the disease and with high parasitism.

Timomas malignos – A experiência do IPO do Porto e revisão da literatura

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Berta Sousa

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Introdução: Os tumores epiteliais tímicos (TET, a maioria timomas, são neoplasias desenvolvidas a partir das células epiteliais do timo e constituem cerca de 30% das massas do mediastino anterior em adultos. Os timomas são constituídos por células sem características citológicas de malignidade, sendo o comportamento maligno determinado pela invasão da cápsula e estru-turas adjacentes. Estes tumores apresentam um amplo espectro de características clínicas e morfológicas, e as pequenas séries de doentes conhecidas tornam difícil o estabelecimento de um tratamento standard.Material e métodos: Efectuouse um estudo retrospectivo dos doentes admitidos com diagnóstico de ti moma no Instituto Português de Oncologia - Centro do Porto (IPO-Porto, de 1983 a 2004. Foram anali-sadas as suas características clínicas, classificação histológica segundo a OMS, o estadiamento de Masaoka, e a sua relação com as modalidades de tratamento. Procedeu-se à revisão dos registos clínicos destes doentes e revisão do material histológico para a classificação segundo critérios da OMS de 1999.Resultados: No IPO-Porto, entre 1983 e 2004, fo-ram tratados 28 doentes com TET. Destes, 21 eram timomas invasivos, sendo estes o objecto deste estudo. Dos dados demográficos salienta-se que eram 11 homens, 10 mulheres, com uma idade mediana de 55 anos (24-79 anos. A classificação histológica da OMS foi a seguinte: 2 doentes (9,5% Tipo A, 6 (28,6% tipo AB, 4 (19% tipo B1, 2 (9,5% tipo B2, 7 (33,4% tipo B3. O estadiamento segundo Masaoka foi 9 doentes (42,8% com estádio II, 6 (28,6% com estádio III e 6 (28,6% com estádio IVa. A maioria dos doentes apresentava sintomas locais à apresen-tação, com apenas 1 doente com diagnóstico de aplasia eritrocitária e 5 com Mastenia gravis (MG.Os 6 doentes submetidos apenas a ressecção cir

Parallel evolution of tumor subclones mimics diversity between tumors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Martinez, Pierre; Birkbak, Nicolai Juul; Gerlinger, Marco

2013-01-01

Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) may foster tumor adaptation and compromise the efficacy of personalized medicines approaches. The scale of heterogeneity within a tumor (intratumor heterogeneity) relative to genetic differences between tumors (intertumor heterogeneity) is unknown. To address this, ...

Role of iNOS in Bystander Signaling Between Macrophages and Lymphoma Cells