A norma regulamentadora 32 e suas implicações sobre os trabalhadores de enfermagem La norma reglamentaria 32 y sus implicaciones sobre los trabajadores de enfermería Regulatory standard 32 and its implications for nursing workers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz Robazzi

2004-10-01

Full Text Available Os trabalhadores dos estabelecimentos de assistência à saúde muitas vezes enfrentam situações laborais inapropriadas não as considerando, entretanto, como perigosas, mesmo que as evidências científicas mostrem a presença de vários agentes de riscos ocupacionais nos ambientes de trabalho. O objetivo deste texto foi apresentar a Norma Regulamentadora (NR 32, de Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho em Estabelecimentos de Assistência à Saúde. Esta NR é importante no cenário brasileiro, pois inexiste legislação específica que trate das questões de segurança e saúde no trabalho no setor da saúde e as normatizações existentes encontram-se esparsas e reunidas em outras NR e resoluções, que não foram construídas especificamente para tal finalidade. Conclui-se que mudanças benéficas poderão ser alcançadas por meio da implantação da referida NR, uma vez que procedimentos e medidas protetoras deverão ser realizadas, promovendo-se segurança no trabalho e prevenção de acidentes e doenças ocupacionais entre os trabalhadores da área da saúde.Muchas veces, los trabajadores de los establecimientos de atención a la salud se enfrentan con situaciones laborales inadecuadas sin considerarlas, entretanto, como peligrosas, aún cuando las evidencias científicas muestran la presencia de varios agentes de riesgos ocupacionales en los ambientes de trabajo. La finalidad de este texto fue presentar la Norma Reglamentaria (NR 32, de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en Establecimientos de Atención a la Salud. Esta NR es importante en el escenario brasileño, ya que no existe legislación federal específica a cerca de las cuestiones de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en el sector de salud y las normatizaciones existentes se encuentran dispersadas y reunidas en otras NR y resoluciones, que no fueron construidas específicamente para tal finalidad. Fue concluido que podrán ser alcanzados cambios benéficos mediante la implantación de la

Vene kriis kukutas Norma juhid / Raul Ranne

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ranne, Raul

1998-01-01

AS Norma vallandas ettevõtte tegevjuhi Peep Aaviksoo, sest ei olnud rahul ettevõtte tegevusega Venemaal. Tabelid: Norma aktsia on kukkunud, Norma kuukasum miinuses. Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti, 9. sept. 1998, lk. 10

Norma Maja astub kindlalt tulevikku / Ain Alvela

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Alvela, Ain, 1967-

2000-01-01

AS Norma Maja saavutas kõrged kasumi ja kasumi kasvu näitajad töötajate koondamisega. Tabel: Norma Maja valdused, AS Norma Maja areng, AS ETK Majad areng. Arvamused: Ero Toom, Ivar Lahi ja Rein Loo

Norma kasumlikkus kahanes / Annika Matson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Matson, Annika, 1976-

2005-01-01

Autodele turvavöösid tootva Norma ärikasum oli kolmandas kvartalis 23,7 miljonit krooni, mis on ligi viiendiku võrra vähem kui eelmisel aastal samal ajal. Diagramm. Vt. samas: Rootsi analüütik ennustas suvel Norma ülevõtmist

Effects of NR1 splicing on NR1/NR3B-type excitatory glycine receptors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Orth Angela

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs are the most complex of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs. Subunits of this subfamily assemble into heteromers, which – depending on the subunit combination – may display very different pharmacological and electrophysiological properties. The least studied members of the NMDAR family, the NR3 subunits, have been reported to assemble with NR1 to form excitatory glycine receptors in heterologous expression systems. The heterogeneity of NMDARs in vivo is in part conferred to the receptors by splicing of the NR1 subunit, especially with regard to proton sensitivity. Results Here, we have investigated whether the NR3B subunit is capable of assembly with each of the eight functional NR1 splice variants, and whether the resulting receptors share the unique functional properties described for NR1-1a/NR3. We provide evidence that functional excitatory glycine receptors formed regardless of the NR1 isoform, and their pharmacological profile matched the one reported for NR1-1a/NR3: glycine alone fully activated the receptors, which were insensitive to glutamate and block by Mg2+. Surprisingly, amplitudes of agonist-induced currents showed little dependency on the C-terminally spliced NR1 variants in NR1/NR3B diheteromers. Even more strikingly, NR3B conferred proton sensitivity also to receptors containing NR1b variants – possibly via disturbing the "proton shield" of NR1b splice variants. Conclusion While functional assembly could be demonstrated for all combinations, not all of the specific interactions seen for NR1 isoforms with coexpressed NR2 subunits could be corroborated for NR1 assembly with NR3. Rather, NR3 abates trafficking effects mediated by the NR1 C terminus as well as the N-terminally mediated proton insensitivity. Thus, this study establishes that NR3B overrides important NR1 splice variant-specific receptor properties in NR1/NR3B excitatory glycine receptors.

Mäss Norma pardal / Annika Matson, Katre Pilvinski

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Matson, Annika, 1976-

2008-01-01

Norma väikeaktsionärid nõuavad Norma juhilt Peep Siimonilt suuremat dividendi ja et ettevõte ostaks neilt kuni kümnendiku aktsiaid tagasi turuhinnast ligi kaks korda kõrgema hinnaga. Diagramm: Norma dividendimaksed. Kommenteerib Sander Danil. Vt. ka Enn Tossi art. "Norma tegevus ajab väikeaktsionäri vihale" Äripäev 8. mai lk. 3

Analysis list: NR3C1 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NR3C1 Blood,Bone,Breast,Liver,Others,Prostate,Uterus + hg19 http://dbarchive.biosci...encedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/NR3C1.1.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/NR3C1.5.tsv http:...//dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/NR3C1.10.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyu...shu-u/hg19/colo/NR3C1.Blood.tsv,http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/NR3C1.Bone.tsv,http:...//dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/NR3C1.Breast.tsv,http://dbarchive.bi

Modeling of the CIGRE Low Voltage Test Distribution Network and the Development of Appropriate Controllers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mustafa, Ghullam; Bak-Jensen, Birgitte; Mahat, Pukar

2013-01-01

The fluctuating nature of some of the Distributed Generation (DG) sources can cause power quality related problems like power frequency oscillations, voltage fluctuations etc. In future, the DG penetration is expected to increase and hence this requires some control actions to deal with the power...... controller. The control system is tested in the distribution test network set up by CIGRE. The new approach of the PV controller is done in such a way that it can control AC and DC voltage of the PV converter during dynamic conditions. The battery controller is also developed in such a way that it can...... quality issues. The main focus of this paper is on development of controllers for a distribution system with different DG’s and especially development of a Photovoltaic (PV) controller using a Static Compensator (STATCOM) controller and on modeling of a Battery Storage System (BSS) also based on a STATCOM...

Analysis list: Nr3c1 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Nr3c1 Adipocyte,Blood,Breast,Embryo,Embryonic fibroblast,Liver,Neural + mm9 http://dbarchive.bioscience...dbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/target/Nr3c1.1.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/ta...rget/Nr3c1.5.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/target/Nr3c1.10.tsv http://dbarchive.bioscience...dbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/colo/Nr3c1.Adipocyte.tsv,http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp.../kyushu-u/mm9/colo/Nr3c1.Blood.tsv,http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/colo/Nr3c1.Breast.tsv,http://dbarchive.bioscience

La nueva norma une-en ISO 9001:2000. Una aplicación en empresas de jardinería.

OpenAIRE

Varona Arnaiz, Juan Manuel; Lara Palma, Ana María

2001-01-01

El 15 de diciembre de 2.000 salen a la luz las nuevas normas UNE-EN ISO 9001:2000, que pretenden superar algunos de los problemas y avanzar en la mejora de las antiguas normas. El modelo ISO 9000/94 planteaba graves problemas para la implantación, especi

Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor Burgos Alarcón

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad (NIC, son un conjunto de normas que reglamenta la información que debe presentarse en los estados fi nancieros de las empresas, así como la forma como esa información debe registrarse para su análisis. En junio 29 de 1973 nació el IASC- International Ac- counting Standard Comité (Comité de Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad y en Londres, la primera sede, se redactan las normas internacionales de contabilidad. Las NIC se han venido adaptando fácilmente a las necesidades de cada país sin interferir en los procedimientos utilizados por cada Estado en el mundo. Las NIC cambiaron su denominación por International Fi- nancial Reporting Standard ‒IFRS, Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera ‒NIIF. y emitidas por el Internacional Accounting Standard Boards (IASB, basan su utilidad en la presentación de información consolidada en los estados fi nancieros. En Colombia y en el mundo se ha venido presentan- do una serie de discusiones acerca de la necesidad de adoptar estándares internacionales de conducta en materia fiscal, monetaria y fi nanciera y estándares contables más acordes con las transacciones y fl ujos de mercado, mayor disponibilidad y transparencia de la información sobre datos económicos y fi nancieros. A la vez se exige que estos permitan controlar y combatir el lavado de activos, la corrupción y la evasión fiscal; es decir, incrementar la transparencia en toda la información y que ésta sea útil para la efectiva toma de decisiones. Es necesario que nuestros estudiantes conozcan y estén inmersos en estos nuevos cambios, para así poder asesorar adecuadmente a a las empresas; deben crear una infraestructura contable que sea coherente con las exigencias de las entidades extranjeras.

As normas de competência tributária

OpenAIRE

Follador, Guilherme Broto

2013-01-01

Resumo: O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar, criticamente, o conceito de competência tributária e as propostas doutrinárias de formalização das normas de competência tributária, expondo, a partir das lições colhidas sobre o tema, na Teoria Geral do Direito, os principais problemas encontrados nas tentativas de reconstruílas como típicas normas prescritivas. No primeiro capítulo, o estudo é dedicado ao exame das noções de "norma" e de "norma jurídica", e tem por principal finalidade...

Presunciones, verdad y normas procesales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aguiló Regla, Josep

2006-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is threefold: 1 To cast some light on the controversial issue of the “nature” of presumptions in law; to this purpose, showing the gap existing between “is presumable” and “shall be presumed” (or “ought to be presumed” is the way to adequately individuate the idea of “presumption norms”. 2 Once this idea has been made clear, to show the need to bring, in the analysis of it, the distinction between rules and principles; this allows to distinguish, in turn, between presumption norms which are rules (“presumption rules” and presumption norms which are principles (“presumption principles”. 3 To try to dissolve, in theoretical terms, the socalled “iuris et de iure presumptions” (or “conclusive presumptions”; to this end, “presumption norms” (which oblige to presume are distinguished from “presumption-based norms” (which do not oblige to presume.

El trabajo se propone alcanzar tres objetivos: 1 Aclarar la disputada cuestión de la “naturaleza” de las presunciones en el Derecho; para ello se muestra la distancia que media entre el sintagma “es presumible” y el sintagma “se presumirá (o debe presumirse” como forma de aislar adecuadamente la noción de “normas de presunción”. 2 Aclarada esta noción, mostrar la necesidad de introducir en su análisis la distinción entre reglas y principios; lo que permite distinguir, a su vez, entre normas de presunción-regla (presunciones-regla y normas de presunción- principio (presunciones-principio. 3 Tratar de disolver en términos teóricos las llamadas “presunciones iuris et de iure”, para ello se distingue entre “normas de presunción” (que obligan a presumir y “normas basadas en una presunción” (que no obligan a presumir.

Räpased trikid Norma rahaga / Sulev Vedler

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vedler, Sulev, 1970-

2008-01-01

Norma suuromanik, Rootsi kompanii Autoliv, kasutab ettevõtet sisuliselt oma taskupangana, kust saab vajadusel mugavalt ja odavalt laenu võtta. Väikeaktsionärid kaaluvad aktsionäride üldkoosoleku kokkukutsumist ja erikontrolli teostamise nõudmist. Lisa: Kuidas töötab rootslaste rahapump. Graafik: Norma aktsia hind Tallinna börsil

Norma tulemuste taga on eksport Venemaale / Virge Lahe

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lahe, Virge

2008-01-01

Autode turvavarustuse tootja AS-i Norma teise kvartali puhaskasum oli 25,4 miljonit krooni, mis on kaks korda enam kui 2007. aasta teises kvartalis, edaspidi võib kasumit survestada terasehinna tõus. Diagramm: Norma kasum on kasvanud

Initial results from NuSTAR observations of the Norma arm

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bodaghee, Arash; Tomsick, John A.; Krivonos, Roman

2014-01-01

Results are presented for an initial survey of the Norma Arm gathered with the focusing hard X-ray telescope NuSTAR. The survey covers 0.2 deg2 of sky area in the 3-79 keV range with a minimum and maximum raw depth of 15 ks and 135 ks, respectively. Besides a bright black-hole X-ray binary...

Misturas NR/SBR: modos de preparação e propriedades

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Visconte Leila L. Y.

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Aplicações de artefatos de borracha muitas vezes requerem um conjunto de propriedades que não podem ser fornecidas por um único elastômero sendo, então necessário, que misturas de dois ou mais polímeros sejam empregadas. Nesses casos, os demais ingredientes que normalmente são adicionados, distribuem-se de modo diferente dependendo de sua afinidade com cada uma das borrachas. O grau de dispersão de cada um desses ingredientes em cada fase elastomérica irá influenciar a velocidade e o grau de vulcanização e, certamente, terá conseqüências sobre o desempenho do composto final. Neste trabalho, a borracha natural (NR foi misturada ao elastômero de butadieno-estireno (SBR na proporção de 1:1 em peso. As composições foram preparadas em misturador de cilindros, segundo a norma ASTM D 3182, empregando-se quatro maneiras distintas para a incorporação dos aditivos. Após a vulcanização foram estudadas propriedades mecânicas, como resistências à tração e ao rasgamento e dureza, propriedades termo-dinâmico-mecânicas e a morfologia de cada uma das composições. As propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas de acordo com as normas ASTM específicas para cada ensaio. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de se usar a mesma formulação, o modo de preparo tem grande influência sobre as propriedades, o que é detectável pelas propriedades mecânicas e pela análise morfológica, e evidenciado através de testes sensíveis, como o dinâmico-mecânico. No caso da mistura NR/SBR as melhores propriedades são obtidas quando é favorecida a vulcanização da borracha que, isoladamente, apresenta propriedades inferiores.

Aplicaciones Normas APA y sus tendencias

OpenAIRE

Ledesma-Ayora, Marco; Muñoz Cajilima, Néstor Xavier

2016-01-01

[ES] Este manual fue elaborado en base a las normas APA (American Psychological Association), actualización y el aporte como tendencias, el anhelo es que sea de beneficio para estudiantes, docentes e investigadores que aplican una buena escritura académica. Las normas APA es un conjunto de referencias para la escritura de trabajos, proyectos y publicaciones, proyectando así su validez y confiabilidad, que permiten visibilizar una correcta formalidad en la presentación, pudiendo ser mediado a ...

Norma suuromanik Autoliv seljatas väikeaktsionärid / Mariliis Pinn

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pinn, Mariliis

2008-01-01

Norma aktsionäride koosolekul läks ettevõtte suuromaniku ja väikeaktsionäride vahel tuliseks mõttevahetuseks dividendide ja vaba raha kasutamise üle. Vt. samas: Lindquist lahkub Norma Nõukogust; Norma aktsiaid tagasi ei osta

La norma L1 como alternativa a la norma L2 en el ajuste de la regresión

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos N. Bouza

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo analizamos el desarrollo y los conceptos de las normas L1 y L2 y se comparan con algunos ejemplos. Por una parte la norma L1 es óptima bajo los supuestos de que los errores tienen la distribución de Laplace. Esta fue propuesta mucho antes que el MC, pero las facilidades de cómputo de éstos últimos le dieron primacía. Actualmente va adquiriendo gran importancia para las aplicaciones económicas, dado que en general los problemas de finanzas y de series temporales incumplen con las hipótesis usadas en el teorema de Gauss-Markoff. El uso de la norma L2, es el método de universal aceptación en el ajuste de la regresión. Sin embargo su optimalidad solo es válida bajo una serie de supuestos que no se cumplen en general (Teorema de Gaus- Markoff. Por lo tanto, norma L1 aparece como una alternativa mejor que la L2 en muchas aplicaciones dada su robustez ante las observaciones atípicas.

NORMA SUBJETIVA, INTENCIÓN Y CONSUMO DE MARIHUANA EN JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS DE MÉXICO

OpenAIRE

Guzmán Facundo,Francisco Rafael; Llamas Estrada,Maura Liliana; Rodríguez Aguilar,Lucio; Alonso Castillo,María Magdalena

2012-01-01

Este artículo tuvo como propósito conocer la relación de la norma subjetiva con la intención y el consumo de marihuana en un grupo de jóvenes universitarios del Norte de México. El diseño del estudio fue descriptivo-correlacional, los datos fueron obtenidos a través de la aplicación de un instrumento sobre la Norma Subjetiva para el consumo de marihuana y analizados en el programa SPSS 18. Participaron 558 jóvenes de nueve facultades de una universidad pública. Los resultados mostraron que 15...

Notas sobre la eficacia social de distintos tipos de normas civiles

OpenAIRE

Delgado Echeverría, Jesús

2006-01-01

El criterio de eficacia social de las normas como cumplimiento o, en otro caso, aplicación, que habitualmente se ofrece desde la teoría general del Derecho, es muy limitado y deja fuera del análisis a todas las normas distintas de las de mandato (obligación o prohibición). Con ello resulta inaplicable a la mayor parte de las normas de Derecho privado, pues en éste son minoría las normas de mandato “imperativas”. Predominan, con mucho, las permisivas y las que atribuyen poderes y determinan...

A NORMA JURÍDICA E O PIÃO NORMATIVO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thiago Neviani Cunha

2010-02-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo versa sobre a disposição da norma jurídica dentro de um sistema normativo e a possibilidade de sua representação em forma de um pião. O desenvolvimento desse trabalho inicia-se com a importância, a conceituação, as características, a classificação e a fundamentação da norma jurídica. Posteriormente reserva-se espaço para o entendimento da norma dentro do ordenamento jurídico. Para uma última análise, serão explicitadas e discutidas as idéias de Hans Kelsen e sua pirâmide normativa. Analisando-se todo esse conjunto, buscar-se-á uma forma para a norma dentro do ordenamento jurídico, desenvolvendo-se a idéia do pião normativo.

Väikeaktsionärid nurisevad Norma üle / Mariliis Pinn

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pinn, Mariliis

2008-01-01

Aktsionärid on pahased, et Norma juhtkond otsustas maksta dividendideks vaid viis krooni aktsia kohta, samal ajal kui firma bilansis on raha 557,5 miljonit krooni. Kommenteerib Norma finantsdirektor Ülle Jõgi

L'Estatut com a norma i la seva funció constitucional - El Estatuto como norma y su función constitucional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquín Tornos

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Concepte i funció de l’Estatut d’autonomia en la Sentència 31/2010, de 28 de juny, sobre l’Estatut d’autonomia de Catalunya (81-85Enoch Albertí RoviraLa funció constitucional de l’Estatut en la Sentència 31/2010, sobre l’Estatut d’autonomia de Catalunya (86-90Josep M. Castellà AndreuL’Estatut com a norma i la seva funció constitucional. Comentari a la Sentència 31/2010 (91-95Enric Fossas EspadalerL’Estatut com a norma jurídica (96-100Joaquín Tornos MasConcepto y función del Estatuto de Autonomía en la Sentencia 31/2010, de 28 de junio, sobre el Estatuto de Autonomía de Cataluña (81-85Enoch Albertí RoviraLa función constitucional del Estatuto en la Sentencia 31/2010 sobre el Estatuto de Autonomía de Cataluña (86-90Josep M. Castellà AndreuEl Estatuto como norma y su función constitucional. Comentario a la Sentencia 31/2010 (91-95Enric Fossas EspadalerEl Estatuto como norma jurídica (96-100Joaquín Tornos Mas

Optimalization activity of ZnO NR/TiO2 NR-P3HT as an active layer based on hybrid bulk heterojunction on dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saputri, Liya Nikmatul Maula Zulfa; Ramelan, Ari Handono; Hanif, Qonita Awliya; Hasanah, Yesi Ihdina Fityatal; Prajanira, Lau Bekti; Wahyuningsih, Sayekti

2016-01-01

Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with metal inorganic and conjugated organic polymer mixture, ZnO NR/TiO 2 NR-P3HT as an active layer based on hybrid bulk heterojunction has been studied. The hybrid material was used to optimize DSSC performs for better efficiency than only TiO 2 as an electrode. Synthesis of TiO 2 nanorods (NR) was conducted by ball milling 1000 rpm for 4 hours and strong base reaction by hydrothermal process at 120 °C overnight. And the ZnO NR was synthesized from Zn(NO 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O precusor by hydrotermal process at 90 °C for 5 hours and calcined on various temperature s of 400, 600, and 800 °C. ZnO NR was coated into an Tndium Tin Oxide (TTO) glass to collecting electron s effectively, where TiO 2 NR were incorporated with poly(3 -hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on various concentration s of 5, 10, 15 mg/mL to obtain a larger surface area. Material characterization were performed by X -Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Uv-Vis spectrophotometer. For an application of DSSC were measured by T-V Keithley Multimeter and the efficiency of DSSC at various P3HT’s concentrations of 5, 10, 15 mg/mL were 7.44 × 10 −3 , 0.0114, 0.0104, respectively. The maximum efficiency of DSSC was showed when TiO 2 NR-P3HT’s concentration was 10 mg/mL.

Optimalization activity of ZnO NR/TiO2 NR-P3HT as an active layer based on hybrid bulk heterojunction on dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saputri, Liya Nikmatul Maula Zulfa; Ramelan, Ari Handono; Hanif, Qonita Awliya; Hasanah, Yesi Ihdina Fityatal; Prajanira, Lau Bekti; Wahyuningsih, Sayekti, E-mail: sayektiw@mipa.uns.ac.id [Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Ir.Sutami 36A Kentingan Surakarta 57/26, Central Java (Indonesia)

2016-04-19

Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with metal inorganic and conjugated organic polymer mixture, ZnO NR/TiO{sub 2} NR-P3HT as an active layer based on hybrid bulk heterojunction has been studied. The hybrid material was used to optimize DSSC performs for better efficiency than only TiO{sub 2} as an electrode. Synthesis of TiO{sub 2} nanorods (NR) was conducted by ball milling 1000 rpm for 4 hours and strong base reaction by hydrothermal process at 120 °C overnight. And the ZnO NR was synthesized from Zn(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}.4H{sub 2}O precusor by hydrotermal process at 90 °C for 5 hours and calcined on various temperature s of 400, 600, and 800 °C. ZnO NR was coated into an Tndium Tin Oxide (TTO) glass to collecting electron s effectively, where TiO{sup 2} NR were incorporated with poly(3 -hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on various concentration s of 5, 10, 15 mg/mL to obtain a larger surface area. Material characterization were performed by X -Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Uv-Vis spectrophotometer. For an application of DSSC were measured by T-V Keithley Multimeter and the efficiency of DSSC at various P3HT’s concentrations of 5, 10, 15 mg/mL were 7.44 × 10{sup −3}, 0.0114, 0.0104, respectively. The maximum efficiency of DSSC was showed when TiO{sup 2} NR-P3HT’s concentration was 10 mg/mL.

Cross-talk between the NR3B and NR4A families of orphan nuclear receptors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lammi, Johanna; Rajalin, Ann-Marie; Huppunen, Johanna; Aarnisalo, Piia

2007-01-01

Estrogen-related receptors (NR3B family) and Nurr1, NGFI-B, and Nor1 (NR4A family) are orphan nuclear receptors lacking identified natural ligands. The mechanisms regulating their transcriptional activities have remained elusive. We have previously observed that the members of NR3B and NR4A families are coexpressed in certain cell types such as osteoblasts and that the ability of Nurr1 to transactivate the osteopontin promoter is repressed by ERRs. We have now studied the cross-talk between NR3B and NR4A receptors. We show that NR3B and NR4A receptors mutually repress each others' transcriptional activity. The repression involves intact DNA-binding domains and dimerization interfaces but does not result from competition for DNA binding or from heterodimerization. The activation functions of NR3B and NR4A receptors are dispensable for the cross-talk. In conclusion, we report that cross-talk between NR3B and NR4A receptors is a mechanism modulating the transcriptional activities of these orphan nuclear receptors

The NuSTAR Hard X-Ray Survey of the Norma Arm Region

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fornasini, Francesca M.; Tomsick, John A.; Hong, JaeSub

2017-01-01

We present a catalog of hard X-ray sources in a square-degree region surveyed by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) in the direction of the Norma spiral arm. This survey has a total exposure time of 1.7 Ms, and the typical and maximum exposure depths are 50 ks and 1 Ms, respectively...... model with kT ≈ 15 keV, as observed for the CV candidates....

Vliv hipokampální aplikace Nr1/Nr2 antisense oligodeoxynukleotidů na expresi proteinů postsynaptické denzity a na prepulzní inhibici

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vrajová, M.; Klaschka, Jan; Tejkalová, H.; Bubeníková-Valešová, V.

2011-01-01

Roč. 15, Suppl. 2 (2011), s. 11-14 ISSN 1211-7579 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) 1M0517 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10300504 Keywords : NMDA receptor * PSD proteins * antisense oligodeoxynucleotides for NMDA-NR1/NR2 subunits * prepulse inhibition Subject RIV: FL - Psychiatry, Sexuology http://www.tigis.cz/images/stories/psychiatrie/2011/s2/03_vrajova_cns_2-11.pdf

Potentiation of glycine-gated NR1/NR3A NMDA receptors relieves Ca2+-dependent outward rectification

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Christian Madry

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Glycine has diverse functions within the mammalian central nervous system. It inhibits postsynaptic neurons via strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors (GlyRs and enhances neuronal excitation through co-activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA receptors. Classical Ca2+-permeable NMDA receptors are composed of glycine-binding NR1 and glutamate-binding NR2 subunits, and hence require both glutamate and glycine for efficient activation. In contrast, recombinant receptors composed of NR1 and the glycine binding NR3A and/or NR3B subunits lack glutamate binding sites and can be activated by glycine alone. Therefore these receptors are also named excitatory glycine receptors. Co-application of antagonists of the NR1 glycine-binding site or of the divalent cation Zn2+ markedly enhances the glycine responses of these receptors. To gain further insight into the properties of these glycine-gated NMDA receptors, we investigated their current-voltage (I-V dependence. Whole-cell current-voltage relations of glycine currents recorded from NR1/NR3B and NR1/NR3A/NR3B expressing oocytes were found to be linear under our recording conditions. In contrast, NR1/NR3A receptors displayed a strong outwardly rectifying I-V relation. Interestingly, the voltage-dependent inward current block was abolished in the presence of NR1 antagonists, Zn2+ or a combination of both. Further analysis revealed that Ca2+ (1.8 mM present in our recording solutions was responsible for the voltage-dependent inhibition of ion flux through NR1/NR3A receptors. Since physiological concentrations of the divalent cation Mg2+ did not affect the I-V dependence, our data suggest that relief of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ block of NR1/NR3A receptors by Zn2+ may be important for the regulation of excitatory glycinergic transmission, according to the Mg2+-block of conventional NR1/NR2 NMDA receptors.

Beneficios de la aplicación de normas internacionales ISO en procesos electorales

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Jeffrey Badí Quinteros Basantes

2017-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentarán los beneficios de la aplicabilidad de las normas internacionales ISO en los procesos electorales, con el fin de poder elevar los niveles de percepción positiva de los ciudadanos. Se verificará la aplicación de normas ISO/TS 17582:2014, Sistemas de Gestión de la Calidad y la norma ISO/IEC 27001:2013, para todas las fases de un proceso electoral. Se expondrán los dominios que forman parte de la norma ISO/TS 17582:2014 , los cuales permiten un proceso de mejoramiento continuo a fin de garantizar la calidad de las metodologías que soportan la organización, administración, gestión, seguimiento y auditorías de un proceso electoral. La norma ISO/IEC 27001:2013 se alinea con la norma ISO9001:2008 para la gestión de seguridad de la información. La aplicación de esta normativa permitirá asegurar la integridad, confidencialidad y disponibilidad de la información durante los procesos electorales.

Norma para la Certificación de Aplicadores de Plaguicidas Revisada

Science.gov (United States)

La EPA emitió una propuesta para la revisión de la norma para la Certificación de Aplicadores de Plaguicidas. La norma ayudará a mantener nuestras comunidades seguras, salvaguardar el medio ambiente y reducir el riesgo a los que aplican los plaguicidas.

Norma kaotamine / Martin Hanson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hanson, Martin, 1984-

2010-01-01

Autoturvasüsteemide tootjale Autolivile kuulub tütarfirma Automotive Holdingu kaudu 51% Norma aktsiatest, kuid plaanitakse tõsta osalust 77%-ni. Väikeaktsionärid kaaluvad Autolivi pakkumist, kuid kui Autoliv saab nõusoleku vähemalt 39% omanikelt, peavad ka teised oma aktsiad loovutama. Autolivi pakutud ülevõtmishinnaks on 92,31 krooni ja see tekitab väikeaktsionärides ning analüütikutes vastakaid tundeid. Tabel

NR4A orphan nuclear receptor family members, NR4A2 and NR4A3, regulate neutrophil number and survival.

Science.gov (United States)

Prince, Lynne R; Prosseda, Svenja D; Higgins, Kathryn; Carlring, Jennifer; Prestwich, Elizabeth C; Ogryzko, Nikolay V; Rahman, Atiqur; Basran, Alexander; Falciani, Francesco; Taylor, Philip; Renshaw, Stephen A; Whyte, Moira K B; Sabroe, Ian

2017-08-24

The lifespan of neutrophils is plastic and highly responsive to factors that regulate cellular survival. Defects in neutrophil number and survival are common to both hematologic disorders and chronic inflammatory diseases. At sites of inflammation, neutrophils respond to multiple signals that activate protein kinase A (PKA) signaling, which positively regulates neutrophil survival. The aim of this study was to define transcriptional responses to PKA activation and to delineate the roles of these factors in neutrophil function and survival. In human neutrophil gene array studies, we show that PKA activation upregulates a significant number of apoptosis-related genes, the most highly regulated of these being NR4A2 and NR4A3 Direct PKA activation by the site-selective PKA agonist pair N6/8-AHA (8-AHA-cAMP and N6-MB-cAMP) and treatment with endogenous activators of PKA, including adenosine and prostaglandin E2, results in a profound delay of neutrophil apoptosis and concomitant upregulation of NR4A2/3 in a PKA-dependent manner. NR4A3 expression is also increased at sites of neutrophilic inflammation in a human model of intradermal inflammation. PKA activation also promotes survival of murine neutrophil progenitor cells, and small interfering RNA to NR4A2 decreases neutrophil production in this model. Antisense knockdown of NR4A2 and NR4A3 homologs in zebrafish larvae significantly reduces the absolute neutrophil number without affecting cellular migration. In summary, we show that NR4A2 and NR4A3 are components of a downstream transcriptional response to PKA activation in the neutrophil, and that they positively regulate neutrophil survival and homeostasis. © 2017 by The American Society of Hematology.

Controlled Operation of the Islanded Portion of the International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE Low Voltage Distribution Network

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Ghullam Mustafa Bhutto

2017-07-01

Full Text Available In islanding, a portion of the power network, comprised of the loads and distributed generation (DG units, is isolated from the rest of the power grid and forms a micro grid (MG. In this condition, it becomes essential for the islanded MG to operate in a stable and controlled manner by providing ancillary services. When the MG is cut off from the main grid, the islanding must be detected by the DG units. In this condition it is essential that one of the controllers should be switched to the voltage-frequency (VF control mode. In islanding, the network loses it slack reference and this reference is established by a VF controller. The voltage and the frequency of the islanded MG deviate when disconnected from the transmission grid and these deviations are caused by the load-generation imbalance. The voltage and the frequency of the islanded MG can be restored to the permissible limits if the desired/exceeded amount of active and reactive power is injected/absorbed by the locally available sources in islanded MG. This paper proposes a control strategy which can compensate the voltage and the frequency deviations in the islanded portion of the International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE low voltage distribution network by using advanced power electronics devices such as STATCOMs for Photovoltaic (PV Units and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS STATCOMs (for battery units. The selection of the VF controller for the most suitable DG unit of this test network is also presented in this paper, and the effectiveness of the controllers is verified by presenting simulation results using DIgSILENT (DIgSILENT GmbH, Gomaringen, Germany power factory software version 15.0.

Comparison of the corrosion resistance of DIN W. Nr. 1.4970 (15%Cr-15%Ni-1.2%Mo-Ti and ASTM F-138 (17%Cr-13%Ni-2.5%Mo austenitic stainless steels for biomedical applications

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Maysa Terada

2006-09-01

Full Text Available The resistance to localised corrosion of the full austenitic 15%Cr-15%Ni-1.2%Mo titanium stabilized stainless steel (DIN W. Nr. 1.4970 was investigated by electrochemical methods including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS, potentiodynamic polarization and potentiostatic polarization measurements in a phosphate-buffered solution (PBS. The low carbon and non-stabilized austenitic stainless steel, AISI 316L (ASTM F-138, widely used for surgical implants, was also tested for comparison. The tests were conducted at room temperature after a stable potential had been reached. After the electrochemical measurements, the surfaces of the specimens were observed using SEM to evaluate the presence of pits. Potentiodynamic polarization results showed that both steels are prone to localized corrosion. Larger pits were found on the surface of AISI 316L specimens after the electrochemical tests. EIS response has indicated the duplex structure of the passive oxides. The results showed that the electrochemical behaviour of the DIN W. Nr. 1.4970 is better than of AISI 316L steel. Therefore, their application as an implant material may be considered.

Normas de usabilidad de sitios web. Pautas de aplicación

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Burgos, Daniel; Ruiz-Mezcua, Belén

2005-01-01

En este artículo presentamos una serie de normas básicas a seguir, y las pautas de aplicación relacionadas, con el objetivo de un manejo eficaz y eficiente de sitios web Las normas finalmente seleccionadas han resultado del fruto del trabajo de estudio e investigación realizado sobre más de un

Conflictos de intereses: normas y conceptos

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José Zalaquett

2011-11-01

Full Text Available En vista de los debates públicos que tuvieron lugar en Chile durante 2010 sobre conflictos de intereses que se decía afectaban a altas autoridades del Estado, este comentario intenta aclarar las normas y conceptos relativos al tema. Con ese fin, reseña el campo de probidad pública, transparencia y anticorrupción dentro del cual se sitúa el tema de los conflictos de intereses, así como las normas internacionales aplicables; sostiene que los conflictos de intereses no son hechos sino situaciones de riesgo para determinados valores públicos o colectivos que se hallan entregados a un resguardo fiduciario, público o privado; analiza distintas formas de vulneración de los valores respectivos a que tales situaciones de riesgo pueden conducir y termina revisando las principales iniciativas y leyes adoptadas en Chile sobre esta materia en las últimas dos décadas.

Las Normas Contables Profesionales y los Costos

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Norberto G. Demonte

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El trabajo relaciona las normas contables profesionales y la doctrina más avanzada de costo con el objetivo de exponer adecuadamente la realidad económica, tanto en los estados contables como en la información de gestión. A partir de una rigurosa clasificación e identificación de los costos se propone aplicar el sistema de costeo variable en el estado de resultados conjuntamente con la valuación al “precio de venta en bloque” de los bienes de cambio en el estado de situación patrimonial. Se analizan críticamente las normas vigentes en los últimos años y se brinda un ejemplo numérico donde puede apreciarse el resultado del período segregado por función.

AVALIAÇÃO DO NÍVEL DE RUÍDO, ITENS DE SEGURANÇA E ERGONOMIA EM TRATORES AGRÍCOLAS / NOISE LEVEL EVALUATION, ITEMS SECURITY AND ERGONOMIC IN AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS

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M. M. Baesso

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O ruído das máquinas agrícolas, com o passar do tempo, pode provocar problemas auditivos nos operadores. De acordo com as normas regulamentadoras do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (NR 15, a exposição diária máxima permitida, durante uma jornada de trabalho de 8 horas, é de 85 decibels (dB (A. Baseado neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os níveis de ruído emitidos por 12 tratores agrícolas de diferentes modelos e potências, bem como avaliar a existência de itens de ergonomia e segurança destes, comparando os resultados com as normas vigentes no Brasil. Os itens ergonômicos e de segurança dos tratores foram vistoriados e listados quanto sua conformidade ou não. Observou-se que para tratores sem cabina fechada o nível de ruído próximo (10 cm ao ouvido dos operadores foi superior ao nível permitido pela Norma Regulamentadora (NR15, sendo necessário o uso de protetor auricular por parte dos operadores. Conclui-se ainda que a diminuição dos ruídos junto ao ouvido do operador é proporcionada pela presença de cabinas fechadas originais de fábrica. Ademais, verificou-se que os tratores mais novos atendem melhor aos requisitos de segurança e ergonomia.

Norma aktsiapaki minek rootslaste kätte tekitab vastakaid tundeid / Gert D. Hankewitz

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hankewitz, Gert D.

2010-01-01

Rootslastele kuuluv ettevõte Autoliv, kellele kuulub 51 protsendi Norma aktsiatest, tegi Norma väikeaktsionäridele ülevõtmispakkumise, lubades ülejäänud firma 597 miljoni krooniga ära osta, makstes aktsia eest 92,31 krooni

Controle de Qualidade dos Serv iços de Auditoria Independente: Um Estudo Compara tivo entre as Normas Brasileiras e as Normas Internacionais

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Elisabeth Yukie Horita Ito

2009-03-01

Full Text Available A atividade de auditoria independente exerce um papel importante no bom funcionamento do mercado por contribuir para maior confiabilidade das informações quanto à sua transparência e adequação de forma independente e com base em procedimentos técnicos e profissionais. Para assegurar a qualidade dos serviços prestados pela auditoria independente é necessário um efetivo controle de qualidade desses serviços. A mencionada qualidade está diretamente relacionada à independência e à competência técnica do auditor e no nível de regulação exercido pelas entidades supervisoras. Padrões e normas que tratam de serviços de consultoria, conflitos de interesse, comitê de auditoria e rodízio periódico obrigatório do auditor independente procuram garantir a independência dos serviços prestados. A competência técnica é buscada por meio do exame de qualificação técnica e de programa de educação profissional continuada. O programa interno de controle de qualidade dos serviços prestados e a revisão pelos pares constituem, respectivamente, exemplo de controle interno e externo sobre a auditoria independente. Face ao exposto, buscou-se neste trabalho, avaliar o nível de aderência das normas brasileiras relacionadas com o controle de qualidade dos serviços de auditoria independente com as normas norte internacionais. Como resultado da pesquisa, concluiu-se forte convergência das normas brasileiras relativamente à internacionalmente adotadas.

Teaching Labor Relations with "Norma Rae"

Science.gov (United States)

Taylor, Vicki Fairbanks; Provitera, Michael J.

2011-01-01

Undergraduate business students in North America are often unfamiliar with the labor organizing process and frequently fail to identify with the reasons why workers join unions. This article suggests a discussion exercise based on the 1979 film, "Norma Rae," by 20th Century Fox, as an effective tool for familiarizing students with fundamental…

Differential functions of NR2A and NR2B in short-term and long-term memory in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Jung, Ye-Ha; Suh, Yoo-Hun

2010-08-23

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate receptors implicated in synaptic plasticity and memory function. The specific functions of NMDA receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B have not yet been fully determined in the different types of memory. Nine Wistar rats (8-weeks-old) were subjected to the Morris water maze task to evaluate the memory behaviorally. Quantitative analysis of NR1, NR2A, and NR2B levels in the right and left forebrain of rats was performed and subunit associations with different types of memory were investigated using the Morris water maze task. Right forebrain NR2A expression was significantly increased and correlated with faster escape time onto a hidden platform, indicating involvement of short-term memory, because of the training time interval. Right forebrain NR2B expression was positively associated with long-term memory lasting 24-h (h). In the left forebrain, NR2B expression was positively related to 72-h long-term memory. In conclusion, the functions of NR2A and NR2B receptors were differentially specialized in short-term and long-term memory, depending on the right or left forebrain.

La crisis del concepto prudencia a causa del tránsito de las normas nacionales austriacas de información financiera a las normas internacionales

OpenAIRE

Matthias Reeh Michael; Molina Roa Nelson Andrés

2013-01-01

Al ser un país miembro de la Unión Europea (UE), la nación austriaca ha venido incorporando paulatinamente las International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) en español, a sus procesos contables y de revelación de información financiera en remplazo de las normas nacionales locales conocidas como Unternehmensgesetzbuch (UGB). Durante este proceso de convergencia, el principio prudencia ha entrado en crisis dentro del marco conceptual...

Co-Application of Corticosterone and Growth Hormone Upregulates NR2B Protein and Increases the NR2B:NR2A Ratio and Synaptic Transmission in the Hippocampus

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Ghada S. Mahmoud

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Objectives: This in vitro study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism underlying the protective effect of growth hormone (GH on hippocampal function during periods of heightened glucocorticoid exposure. Methods: This study was conducted between January and June 2005 at the Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, in Huntington, West Virginia, USA. The effects of the co-application of GH and corticosterone (CORT were tested at different concentrations on the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs of the hippocampal slices of rats in two different age groups. Changes in the protein expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR subunits NR1, NR2B and NR2A were measured in hippocampal brain slices treated with either artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF, low doses of CORT alone or both CORT and GH for three hours. Results: The co-application of CORT and GH was found to have an additive effect on hippocampal synaptic transmission compared to either drug alone. Furthermore, the combined use of low concentrations of GH and CORT was found to have significantly higher effects on the enhancement of fEPSPs in older rats compared to young ones. Both GH and CORT enhanced the protein expression of the NR2A subunit. Simultaneous exposure to low concentrations of GH and CORT significantly enhanced NR2B expression and increased the NR2B:NR2A ratio. In contrast, perfusion with CORT alone caused significant suppression in the NR1 and NR2B protein expression and a decrease in the NR2B:NR2A ratio. Conclusion: These results suggest that NMDARs provide a potential target for mediating the GH potential protective effect against stress and age-related memory and cognitive impairment.

Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico en las Normas Técnicas Colombianas

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Jorge Gómez

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se hace una introducción al tema del Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico mostrando una comparación con el sistema de Tolerado Convencional y se destacan algunas de sus ventajas. Posteriormente describe seis tipos de error de frecuente ocurrencia en las Normas Técnicas Colombianas -NTC- sobre Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico. Se menciona el número de veces aproximado que estos tipos de errores se presentan en cada norma. Finalmente se aborda una discusión y se hace alusión a las posibles consecuencias que en el país se dan con la existencia de estas normas en su condición actual

A novel NR2E3 gene mutation in autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa with cystic maculopathy

OpenAIRE

Mahajan, D.; Votruba, Marcela

2017-01-01

NR2E3 is a gene that encodes for photoreceptor cell specific nuclear receptor, which is involved in cone proliferation. The splice site mutation 119-2A>C in NR2E3 (15q23) has been previously reported to underlie recessive enhanced cone S sensitivity syndrome, clumped pigmentary retinal degeneration, Goldman-Favre syndrome and also autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). However, the mutation c 571 + 2 T > C in NR2E3 has not been previously reported with retinal d...

Differential Roles for "Nr4a1" and "Nr4a2" in Object Location vs. Object Recognition Long-Term Memory

Science.gov (United States)

McNulty, Susan E.; Barrett, Ruth M.; Vogel-Ciernia, Annie; Malvaez, Melissa; Hernandez, Nicole; Davatolhagh, M. Felicia; Matheos, Dina P.; Schiffman, Aaron; Wood, Marcelo A.

2012-01-01

"Nr4a1" and "Nr4a2" are transcription factors and immediate early genes belonging to the nuclear receptor Nr4a family. In this study, we examine their role in long-term memory formation for object location and object recognition. Using siRNA to block expression of either "Nr4a1" or "Nr4a2", we found that "Nr4a2" is necessary for both long-term…

¿QUÉ TIPO DE NORMAS ÉTICAS REQUIERE NUESTRA PROFESIÓN?

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Juan Pablo Romano Pastor

2011-10-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo dar a conocer la situación que la profesión contable argentina en general presenta sobre la ética profesional y los Códigos de Ética, en un marco de creciente integración internacional. Las acciones coordinadas debieran partir del cumplimiento de la “intención” manifestada en el Acta de Catamarca de lograr unificación de normas profesionales en todas las jurisdicciones, cumplida respecto de las normas contables y de auditoría, de las normas éticas, bajo la propuesta de unificación de normativa en un solo cuerpo integrado vigente en todo el país. La posibilidad de adopción del Código de Ética de IFAC nos plantea el interrogante respecto del tipo de normativa que requerimos: ¿basado en reglas o basado en principios?

Hubungan Antara Fakta Norma, Moral, dan Doktrin Hukum Dalam Pertimbangan Putusan Hakim

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A Salman Maggalatung

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract: The Correlation among Facts, Norms, Moral and Legal Doctrine in Consideration of a Judge's Decision. A judge must be able to explore and understand the legal values ​​that live in the community, maintain their independence, applying legal norms with high moral, ethical and adhere to a code of professional conduct, attention to doctrine and the views of legal experts in making a decision. This research aims to identify and analyze the correlation between facts, norms, moral and legal doctrine in consideration of a judge's decision. In addition to knowing the scope of the relationship between the existing facts, norms should be used as the base, and how much influence a judge moral (law enforcement in the decision and determination of the law. This study uses a qualitative-analysis-normative juridical and sociological-empirical. Abstrak: Hubungan Antara Fakta, Norma, Moral, dan Doktrin Hukum Dalam Pertimbangan Putusan Hakim. Seorang hakim harus mampu menggali dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat, menjaga kemandiriannya, menerapkan norma hukum dengan moralitas yang tinggi, mematuhi etika dan kode etik profesi, memperhatikan doktrin dan pandanganpandangan para Ahli hukum dalam pengambilan sebuah putusan. Penulisan bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hubungan antara fakta, norma, moral, dan doktrin hukum dalam pertimbangan sebuah putusan hakim. Ruang lingkup tulisan ini meliputi hubungan antara fakta-fakta yang ada, norma-norma yang patut dijadikan dasar, dan seberapa besar pengaruh moral seorang hakim dalam pengambilan dan penetapan hukum. Metode yang digunakan kualitatifanalisis dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan sosiologis-empiris. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.1462

Norma võidab Avtovazi juhtide vahetamisest / Kaja Koovit

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koovit, Kaja, 1968-

2002-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 6. veebr. lk. 25. Avtovazi juhtide väljavahetamine on Normale positiivne, kui Avtovaz kaasab välispartnereid ja suurendab tootmist, kasvatades nii ka Norma turvavööde tarneid

Norma percibida de consumo de marihuana en los pares de estudiantes universitarios Norma percebida de consumo de maconha sobre os pares de estudantes universitários Perceived norm for marijuana use among university student peers

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Angélica Cazenave

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este estudio se describe la relación entre la norma percibida del consumo de marihuana en los pares y el consumo real informado por alumnos de una universidad chilena. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, multicéntrico y transversal. Participaron 449 estudiantes previa firma del consentimiento informado. La información se recolectó con un cuestionario autoaplicado y se analizó con el programa SPSS 15.0. Fue encontrado que la mayoría son mujeres solteras, entre 20 y 21 años de edad, estudiantes de enfermería y educación. La norma percibida fue mayor que la de estudios nacionales (32,1% versus 21%; también el consumo autoinformado fue mayor que el nacional (32,1% versus 5,6%. Se observa un mayor consumo entre las mujeres, en educación y enfermería. Se confirma la feminización del consumo; el inicio del consumo en la universidad, el uso recreativo y la mayor tolerancia al consumo en los pares. Existe una sobreestimación del consumo de marihuana, lo que de acuerdo a la Teoría de las Normas Sociales y de Normalización influye en el aumento del consumo. Esta investigación constituye un aporte a las políticas de la salud del país y de la universidad.Descreve-se, aqui, a relação entre norma percebida de consumo de maconha entre os pares e consumo reportado em alunos de uma universidade chilena. Este é um estudo quantitativo, multicêntrico, transversal. Participaram 449 estudantes, com livre consentimento. As informações foram coletadas mediante questionário autoaplicado e analisadas através do programa SPSS 15.0. RESULTADOS: a maioria são mulheres, solteiras, entre 20 e 21 anos, estudantes de enfermagem e educação. A norma percebida é maior do que nos estudos nacionais (32,1% vs 21% e maior do que o consumo autorreportado (32,1% vs 5,6%. Observa-se maior consumo nas mulheres, e dos cursos de educação e de enfermagem. Confirma-se a feminização do consumo, o qual se inicia na universidade, por uso recreativo, e haver

Normas anti-elusivas domésticas e internacionais no direito tributário internacional

OpenAIRE

Okuma, Alessandra de Souza

2009-01-01

O objeto deste trabalho é a análise das normas anti-elusivas veiculadas por leis brasileiras e pelas Convenções Internacionais para evitar a dupla tributação ( CIT ), no que concerne ao imposto sobre a renda da pessoa jurídica. Partiremos da teoria dos sistemas de Luhmann, dos princípios constitucionais tributários e das normas de direito privado para construir a norma geral anti-elusiva doméstica, tal como delineada pelo art. 116, parágrafo único do CTN. Demonstraremos que a aplicação dessa ...

PROPERTIES OF NR AND NR/ENR BASED RUBBER COMPOUNDS REINFORCED WITH CHOPPED AND SIZED CARBON FIBER

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Bağdagül Karaağaç

2016-12-01

Full Text Available High elasticity, mechanical resistance and antivibration characteristics of natural rubber (NR are essential issue in the main area of vehicle tyres and high modulus demanding bearing applications. In this study, especially in bearing applications, where natural rubber modulus properties are limited, natural rubber has been reinforced with chopped and hydrocarbon sized carbon fiber to get improved tensile modulus. Besides, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR, which was produced by chemical modification of natural rubber, blended with NR and the compounds have been reinforced with epoxy sized carbon fiber. NR and NR/ENR based rubber compounds’ rheological, mechanical, and aging properties have been systematically investigated and evaluated.

Norma ja Eesti Telekomi ootused vastuolulised / Annika Matson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Matson, Annika, 1976-

2003-01-01

16.-17. juulil 2003 avalikustavad Eesti Telekom ja Norma oma teise kvartali tulemused. Kõik majandusanalüütikud ennustavad firmadele korralikku kasumit, kuid ootused kõiguvad 25 protsendi ulatuses. Diagramm: Eesti Telekomilt ootab suurimat kasumit Trigon, Normalt Hansapank

Eesti NSV Ministrite Nõukogu 15. mai 1989. a. määruse nr. 168 osalise muutmise kohta

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

1990-01-01

Nõukogude valuuta, välisvaluuta ning muude valuuta- ja teiste väärtuste välismaalt ja välismaale sisse- ja väljaveo, saatmise ja ülekandmise määrustiku" kinnitamise kohta. - Lisatud: NSV Liidu MN määrus "Nõukogude valuuta, välisvaluuta ning muude valuuta- ja teiste väärtuste välismaalt ja välismaale sisse- ja väljaveo, saatmise ja ülekandmise määrustikus" muudatuste tegemise kohta (13. dets. 1989 nr. 1108) ; NSVL MN määrus "MSV Liidu sisetarbijaturu kaitse ning Nõukogude valuuta ja tarbekaupade üle NSV Liidu riigipiiri toimetamisel kuritarvituste vältimise abinõude kohta" (7. dets. 1989 nr. 1093)

Norma aktsionäridel lootus erakorralisele dividendile / Annika Matson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Matson, Annika, 1976-

2004-01-01

Kolmandas kvartalis paremat kasumlikkust näidanud Norma juhtkond teeb aasta alguses nõukogule ettepaneku maksta erakorralisi dividende. Diagramm: Ettevõtetel olev vaba raha aktsia kohta. Kommenteerib Teet Kolts

Exprese NR1 podjednotky NMDA receptoru v animálním modelu schizofrenie

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Šťastný, František; Kozmiková, I.; Klaschka, Jan; Peková, S.; Tejkalová, H.; Vrajová, M.

2006-01-01

Roč. 10, Suppl. 3 (2006), s. 12-15 ISSN 1211-7579 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) 1M0517; GA MZd NF7626; GA MZd NR8797 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10300504; CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : schizofrenie * NMDA receptor * exprese NR1 podjednotky * animál ní model * kyselina chinolinová * prepulzní inhibice akustického úletu Subject RIV: FL - Psychiatry, Sexuology

Overvåking av jordboende sopp i Røsskleiva NR, Bamble 2016

OpenAIRE

Brandrud, Tor Erik; Dima, Bàlint

2017-01-01

Brandrud, T.E. & Dima, B. 2017. Overvåking av jordboende sopp i Røsskleiva NR, Bamble 2016. – NINA Kortrapport 80. 15 s. Kartlegging (start av overvåking) av habitat-spesifikke, jordboende kalksopper i nordre del av Røsskleiva NR ble gjennomført i 2016, før oppstart av skjøtselstiltak med storfébeiting. Tilsammen 27 habitat-spesifikke arter, inkludert 18 rødlistede arter ble registrert i løpet av to registreringsrunder i 2016. Funnene fordelte seg på 10 kalkbarskogsopper, 5 kalklinde-skogs...

Normas para la determinación de las resistencias del cemento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meyer, A.

1964-09-01

Full Text Available Not availableTodas las normas de cemento contienen disposiciones sobre el ensayo de resistencia, ya que la resistencia constituye, generalmente, la base de la que se parte para determinar la calidad del cemento. Como las normas de los distintos países no suelen ser iguales, el ensayo de un mismo cemento, hecho según cada una de ellas, da unas cifras muy diferentes, lo cual dificulta considerablemente la comparación de la resistencia de un cemento entre los distintos métodos de ensayo.

Las normas internacionales de contabilidad

OpenAIRE

Monge, Pedro

2006-01-01

SUMARIO Editorial Peña, Aura Elena Artículos La calidad en la microempresa merideña y su impacto en el ambiente. Bustos F, Carlos E. Mecanismos de transmisión de la política monetaria. Chuecos, Alicia Contabilidad de Costos: una evaluación a la cátedra. Molina, Olga Rosa Las normas internacionales de contabilidad. Monge, Pedro Análisis de la cadena de valor industrial y de la cadena de valor agregado para las pequeñas y medianas indust...

Mechanical & morphological properties of attapulgite/NR composites: Effect of mixing time variation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nor, Nor Aina Mohd, E-mail: ayena90@yahoo.com; Othman, Nadras, E-mail: srnadras@usm.my; Ismail, Hanafi, E-mail: ihanafi@usm.my [School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang (Malaysia)

2015-07-22

The development of composite material based on attapulgite clay (ATP) as a filler and natural rubber (NR) matrices were prepared by combination of melt mixing and latex compounding methods. Sonication technique was chosen in this work to disperse the attapulgite suspension. 6 phr of attapulgite loading was fabricated using different time of mixing ranging from 30 minutes until 2 hours and sonication time was kept constant at 15 minutes. Then, co-coagulating HA latex with attapulgite clay suspension through latex compounding method produced the masterbatch. The masterbatch was compounded with natural rubber by melt mixing method. The mechanical and morphological characteristics were investigated in this work. From mechanical testing, M1 showed the highest value of tensile and tear strength. By comparing with M30 and M2, M1 shows high 300% tensile modulus and lower crosslink density. However, when the time of mixing was prolonged to 2 hours, the results for tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength were decreased. This is due to flocculation of attapulgite particles. Sonication techniques also proved that the tensile strength and elongation at break of these three samples were higher compared to gum NR (NR) and attapulgite compounded with NR using a conventional method (in-situ 6). From field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results, it revealed that M1 had good dispersion in the NR system. It is proved that the higher tensile strength was due to good dispersion of attapulgite clay in the NR matrix. It was also supported from crosslink density, which is lower than NR and in-situ 6 results. It showed that the penetration of toluene solvent into rubber compound was restricted. The optimum time, M1 give the best results, which can be compared to control the sample.

Mechanical & morphological properties of attapulgite/NR composites: Effect of mixing time variation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nor, Nor Aina Mohd; Othman, Nadras; Ismail, Hanafi

2015-01-01

The development of composite material based on attapulgite clay (ATP) as a filler and natural rubber (NR) matrices were prepared by combination of melt mixing and latex compounding methods. Sonication technique was chosen in this work to disperse the attapulgite suspension. 6 phr of attapulgite loading was fabricated using different time of mixing ranging from 30 minutes until 2 hours and sonication time was kept constant at 15 minutes. Then, co-coagulating HA latex with attapulgite clay suspension through latex compounding method produced the masterbatch. The masterbatch was compounded with natural rubber by melt mixing method. The mechanical and morphological characteristics were investigated in this work. From mechanical testing, M1 showed the highest value of tensile and tear strength. By comparing with M30 and M2, M1 shows high 300% tensile modulus and lower crosslink density. However, when the time of mixing was prolonged to 2 hours, the results for tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength were decreased. This is due to flocculation of attapulgite particles. Sonication techniques also proved that the tensile strength and elongation at break of these three samples were higher compared to gum NR (NR) and attapulgite compounded with NR using a conventional method (in-situ 6). From field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results, it revealed that M1 had good dispersion in the NR system. It is proved that the higher tensile strength was due to good dispersion of attapulgite clay in the NR matrix. It was also supported from crosslink density, which is lower than NR and in-situ 6 results. It showed that the penetration of toluene solvent into rubber compound was restricted. The optimum time, M1 give the best results, which can be compared to control the sample

Submersible pumps: Energetic efficiency norm; Bombas sumergibles: norma de eficiencia energetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Acosta Torres, R. A.; Buendia Dominguez, E. H. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1997-12-31

The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), has prepared a preliminary project of the norm of energy efficiency for submersible pumps. This document has complied with the necessary formalities for the emission of the norm. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the submersible pumps, the energy savings, as well as the economic evaluation that sustains the norm project, additionally pointing out the environmental impact that will bring along the implantation of the same. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), ha elaborado el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica para bombas sumergibles. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del analisis de las bombas sumergibles, los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicandose ademas el impacto ambiental que tendra la implantacion de la misma.

Submersible pumps: Energetic efficiency norm; Bombas sumergibles: norma de eficiencia energetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Acosta Torres, R A; Buendia Dominguez, E H [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)

1998-12-31

The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), has prepared a preliminary project of the norm of energy efficiency for submersible pumps. This document has complied with the necessary formalities for the emission of the norm. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the submersible pumps, the energy savings, as well as the economic evaluation that sustains the norm project, additionally pointing out the environmental impact that will bring along the implantation of the same. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), ha elaborado el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica para bombas sumergibles. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del analisis de las bombas sumergibles, los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicandose ademas el impacto ambiental que tendra la implantacion de la misma.

The NuSTAR Hard X-Ray Survey of the Norma Arm Region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fornasini, Francesca M. [Astronomy Department, University of California, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Tomsick, John A.; Chiu, Jeng-Lun; Clavel, Maïca; Krivonos, Roman A.; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W. [Space Sciences Laboratory, 7 Gauss Way, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Hong, JaeSub [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Gotthelf, Eric V.; Hailey, Charles J.; Mori, Kaya [Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 (United States); Bauer, Franz; Corral-Santana, Jesús [Instituto de Astrofísica and Centro de Astroingeniería, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22 (Chile); Rahoui, Farid [European Southern Observatory, K. Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei München (Germany); Stern, Daniel [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States); Bodaghee, Arash [Georgia College, 231 W. Hancock Street, Milledgeville, GA 31061 (United States); Alexander, David M. [Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE (United Kingdom); Barret, Didier [Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse (France); CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse cedex 4 (France); Christensen, Finn E., E-mail: f.fornasini@berkeley.edu [DTU Space—National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby (Denmark); and others

2017-04-01

We present a catalog of hard X-ray sources in a square-degree region surveyed by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array ( NuSTAR ) in the direction of the Norma spiral arm. This survey has a total exposure time of 1.7 Ms, and the typical and maximum exposure depths are 50 ks and 1 Ms, respectively. In the area of deepest coverage, sensitivity limits of 5 × 10{sup −14} and 4 × 10{sup −14} erg s{sup −1} cm{sup −2} in the 3–10 and 10–20 keV bands, respectively, are reached. Twenty-eight sources are firmly detected, and 10 are detected with low significance; 8 of the 38 sources are expected to be active galactic nuclei. The three brightest sources were previously identified as a low-mass X-ray binary, high-mass X-ray binary, and pulsar wind nebula. Based on their X-ray properties and multiwavelength counterparts, we identify the likely nature of the other sources as two colliding wind binaries, three pulsar wind nebulae, a black hole binary, and a plurality of cataclysmic variables (CVs). The CV candidates in the Norma region have plasma temperatures of ≈10–20 keV, consistent with the Galactic ridge X-ray emission spectrum but lower than the temperatures of CVs near the Galactic center. This temperature difference may indicate that the Norma region has a lower fraction of intermediate polars relative to other types of CVs compared to the Galactic center. The NuSTAR log N –log S distribution in the 10–20 keV band is consistent with the distribution measured by Chandra at 2–10 keV if the average source spectrum is assumed to be a thermal model with kT  ≈ 15 keV, as observed for the CV candidates.

Two rice GRAS family genes responsive to N -acetylchitooligosaccharide elicitor are induced by phytoactive gibberellins: evidence for cross-talk between elicitor and gibberellin signaling in rice cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Day, R Bradley; Tanabe, Shigeru; Koshioka, Masaji; Mitsui, Toshiaki; Itoh, Hironori; Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako; Matsuoka, Makoto; Kaku, Hanae; Shibuya, Naoto; Minami, Eiichi

2004-01-01

In this study, we present data showing that two members of the GRAS family of genes from rice, CIGR1 and CIGR2 (chitin-inducible gibberellin-responsive), inducible by the potent elicitor N -acetylchitooligosaccharide (GN), are rapidly induced by exogenous gibberellins. The pattern of mRNA accumulation was dependent on the dose and biological activity of the gibberellins, suggesting that the induction of the genes by gibberellin is mediated by a biological receptor capable of specific recognition and signal transduction upon perception of the phytoactive compounds. Further pharmacological analysis revealed that the CIGR1 and CIGR2 mRNA accumulation by treatment with gibberellin is dependent upon protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events. In rice calli derived from slender rice 1, a constitutive gibberellin-responsive mutant, or d1, a mutant deficient in the alpha -subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein, CIGR1 and CIGR2 were induced by a GN elicitor, yet not by gibberellin. Neither gibberellin nor GN showed related activities in defense or development, respectively. These results strongly suggested that the signal transduction cascade from gibberellin is independent of that from GN, and further implied that CIGR1 and CIGR2 have dual, distinct roles in defense and development.

Pautas para citar textos y hacer listas de referencias según las normas de la American Psichological Association (APA)

OpenAIRE

Ossa, Marcela

2003-01-01

La escritura de documentos, artículos, ensayos etc. implica seguir cuidadosamente algunas normas. La Revista EMA se guía para la edición de sus artículos por las normas de la American Psychological Association (APA). El presente documento tiene como objeto dar a conocer algunas de estas normas de tal modo que quien envíe un artículo para su publicación las utilice. Encontrarán algunas pautas para citar textos y hacer listas de referencias según las normas de la American Psychological Associat...

Analysis list: NR1H3 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available NR1H3 Adipocyte,Blood + hg19 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target.../NR1H3.1.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/NR1H3.5.tsv http://dbarchive.bioscienced...bc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/NR1H3.10.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/NR1H3.Adipocyte....tsv,http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/NR1H3.Blood.tsv http://dbarchive.bioscience...dbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/Adipocyte.gml,http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/Blood.gml ...

Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico en las Normas Técnicas Colombianas

OpenAIRE

Jorge Gómez; Javier Romero; Wilver Suaza

2002-01-01

En este artículo se hace una introducción al tema del Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico mostrando una comparación con el sistema de Tolerado Convencional y se destacan algunas de sus ventajas. Posteriormente describe seis tipos de error de frecuente ocurrencia en las Normas Técnicas Colombianas -NTC- sobre Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico. Se menciona el número de veces aproximado que estos tipos de errores se presentan en cada norma. Finalmente se aborda una discusión y se hace alusión ...

Norma hoiab ligi pool miljardit krooni hoiupõrsas / Eleri Lopp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lopp, Eleri

2007-01-01

Norma AS-i ligi poolest miljardit kroonist, mis seisab juba pikemat aega pangakontol või on paigutatud lühiajalistesse investeeringutesse. Kommenteerib Lauri Lind. Diagramm: Normal pidevalt sajad miljonid käibevaras

ISO 50001 Norma mundial para a eficiência energética. Porquê uma norma mundial?

OpenAIRE

Branco, Paulo

2013-01-01

Nem sempre são fáceis os desafios ambientais associados ao consumo de energia. Sobretudo devido à forte dependência de combustíveis fósseis, torna-se cada vez mais evidente a inevitabilidade de agentes económicos, políticos, sociedade em geral, assumirem um compromisso focado na melhoria da eficiência energética e no uso racional da energia, decorrente das atividades económicas. Esta preocupação assume-se também como nacional. A norma NP EN ISO 50001 apresenta...

Nuclear receptor 4A (NR4A) family - orphans no more.

Science.gov (United States)

Safe, Stephen; Jin, Un-Ho; Morpurgo, Benjamin; Abudayyeh, Ala; Singh, Mandip; Tjalkens, Ronald B

2016-03-01

The orphan nuclear receptors NR4A1, NR4A2 and NR4A3 are immediate early genes induced by multiple stressors, and the NR4A receptors play an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and disease. There is increasing evidence for the role of these receptors in metabolic, cardiovascular and neurological functions and also in inflammation and inflammatory diseases and in immune functions and cancer. Despite the similarities of NR4A1, NR4A2 and NR4A3 and their interactions with common cis-genomic elements, they exhibit unique activities and cell-/tissue-specific functions. Although endogenous ligands for NR4A receptors have not been identified, there is increasing evidence that structurally-diverse synthetic molecules can directly interact with the ligand binding domain of NR4A1 and act as agonists or antagonists, and ligands for NR4A2 and NR4A3 have also been identified. Since NR4A receptors are key factors in multiple diseases, there are opportunities for the future development of NR4A ligands for clinical applications in treating multiple health problems including metabolic, neurologic and cardiovascular diseases, other inflammatory conditions, and cancer. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Algunos Elementos de Técnica Normativa Aplicables a las Normas Contables Profesionales Argentinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leila Di Russo de Hauque

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza lo que los autores consideran los tres defectos principales de las normas contables profesionales argentinas desde el punto de vista de la técnica normativa: a falta de separación entre los contenidos expositivos y los dispositivos en las resoluciones técnicas, b falta de utilización de un ordenamiento sobre la base de artículos y de divisiones de nivel superior e inferior en los mismos y c utilización inadecuada de ejemplos y enunciaciones no taxativas. El trabajo de investigación incluye una propuesta para reescribiruna norma contable profesional nacional concreta: la Resolución Técnica nº 16. Las conclusiones enfatizan la importancia de la utilización de las mejores prácticas de técnica normativa para la redacción de las normas contables profesionales para lograr mejores resultados en el proceso de su aplicación.

TURISMO DE AVENTURA E ECOTURISMO: ENTRE PRÁTICAS E NORMAS NO CONTEXTO BRASILEIRO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabrício Peixoto Vasconcelos

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo objetiva descrever a importância e urgência da questão de norma em Turismo de Aventura e Ecoturismo no contexto brasileiro. A partir das definições e práticas das modalidades de Turismo de Aventura e Ecoturismo, busca-se desvelar as possíveis relações entre o homem e meio ambiente. Levanta a importância da Associação Brasileira das Agências de Ecoturismo e Turismo de Aventura nas definições e práticas de tais modalidades enfatizando a questão da satisfação, condução, risco controlado e segurança. Nessa perspectiva, apresenta as normas específicas publicadas pela Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas acerca da matéria, enfatizando seu papel social e sua contribuição para a disseminação responsável das práticas de Turismo de Aventura e Ecoturismo.

A Aderência dos Pronunciamentos Contábeis do CPC às Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Andrade Costa

2012-09-01

Full Text Available A convergência para os padrões contábeis internacionais tem se tornado um assunto relevante, com agenda definida para sua adesão em muitos países ao redor do mundo. No Brasil, coube ao CPC a responsabilidade de emitir pronunciamentos contábeis de acordo com as normas IFRS. Cada documento emitido pelo CPC corresponde a uma norma internacional de contabilidade emitida pelo IASB. Este trabalho tem como objetivo comparar os pronunciamentos do CPC com as normas do IASB e verificar a existência de diferenças entre os mesmos. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental aos pronunciamentos do CPC e às normas do IASB. Utilizou-se a técnica da análise de conteúdo, tendo o tema como unidade de significação. O universo de análise compreendeu os 65 pronunciamentos técnicos que estão sendo utilizados nas demonstrações contábeis das companhias brasileiras, emitidos pelo CPC entre os anos de 2007 a 2011. Os resultados apontaram para a existência de diferenças entre os pronunciamentos emitidos pelo CPC e as normas emitidas pelo IASB, as quais foram agrupadas em quatro categorias de análise. Após análise, concluiu-se que as diferenças apontadas não prejudicam a declaração de que as demonstrações contábeis consolidadas brasileiras, preparadas de acordo com os CPCs estão de acordo com as normas do IASB. Palavras-chave: CPC, IFRS, IASB, demonstrações contábeis

Necesidad de una Norma Internacional de Información Financiera para Pymes en el Perú

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guillermo Humire Delgado

2008-12-01

Full Text Available El proyecto de Norma Internacional de Información Financiera (NIIF para entidaes privadas restringe las normas a aplicar para entidades que no tienen responsabilidad pública en la emisión de información contable. En el Perú, desde 1994, se aplican las NIIF completas y, según nuestra opinión, se deben seguir aplicando sin tener que modificar las normas relativas a entidades privadas. Lo que debe hacerse es implementar un intenso plan de capacitación para contadores, asistentes de contabilidad y gerentes de las entidades, y asegurar así la adecuada aplicación de las NIIF completas.

Plan de implementación de un SGSI acorde a la norma ISO/IEC 27001:2005

OpenAIRE

Álvarez Verdugo, Joaquín

2014-01-01

Plan de implementación de un SGSI acorde a la norma ISO/IEC 27001:2005 en un organismo público municipal. Pla d'implementació d'un SGSI d'acord amb la norma ISO/IEC 27001:2005 en un organisme públic municipal. Master thesis for the ICT Security management program.

Bobbio y los Conceptos de Norma Jurídicamente Última

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Ruiz Manero

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Throughout his very extensive work, Bobbio has repeatedly dealt with the two main versions of the concept of a legally ultimate norm: Kelsen’s concept of the basic or fundamental norm and the Hart’s concept of the rule of recognition. In relation to the concept of the basic norm as in relation to the concept of the rule of recognition, Bobbio has argued in some texts that they are absolutely necessary concepts and, in later texts, that these concepts are not only unnecessary but also inadvisable, that they are concepts whose elimination would benefit the resulting theory of law. For the author, legal theory needs to integrate a concept of a legally ultimate norm. Moreover, in the author’s view, Bobbio’s propos als to abandon the two main versions of this concept are accompanied by and are inseparable from interpretations which deal with them in a clearly misguided way in the case of the concept of rule of recognition and which are for various reasons not acceptable in the case of the concept of basic norm.Resumen: A lo largo de su extensísima obra, Bobbio se ha ocupado en repetidas ocasiones de las dos principales versiones del concepto de norma jurídicamente última: el concepto de norma básica o fundamental de Kelsen y el concepto de regla de reconocimiento de Hart. Tanto en relación con el concepto de norma básica como en relación con el concepto de regla de reconocimiento Bobbio ha defendido –en unos textos– que se trataba de conceptos imprescindibles y también –en textos posteriores– que se trataba de conceptos no sólo innecesarios sino inconvenientes, de conceptos de cuya eliminación se beneficiaría la teoría del derecho resultante. A juicio del autor, la teoría del derecho necesita integrar un concepto de norma jurídicamente última. Y, también a juicio del autor, las propuestas bobbianas de abandonar las dos principales versiones de este concepto van acompañadas y resultan inseparables de interpretaciones

Molecular mechanism of ligand recognition by NR3 subtype glutamate receptors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yao, Yongneng; Harrison, Chris B.; Freddolino, Peter L.; Schulten, Klaus; Mayer, Mark L. (UIUC); (NIH)

2008-10-27

NR3 subtype glutamate receptors have a unique developmental expression profile, but are the least well-characterized members of the NMDA receptor gene family, which have key roles in synaptic plasticity and brain development. Using ligand binding assays, crystallographic analysis, and all atom MD simulations, we investigate mechanisms underlying the binding by NR3A and NR3B of glycine and D-serine, which are candidate neurotransmitters for NMDA receptors containing NR3 subunits. The ligand binding domains of both NR3 subunits adopt a similar extent of domain closure as found in the corresponding NR1 complexes, but have a unique loop 1 structure distinct from that in all other glutamate receptor ion channels. Within their ligand binding pockets, NR3A and NR3B have strikingly different hydrogen bonding networks and solvent structures from those found in NR1, and fail to undergo a conformational rearrangement observed in NR1 upon binding the partial agonist ACPC. MD simulations revealed numerous interdomain contacts, which stabilize the agonist-bound closed-cleft conformation, and a novel twisting motion for the loop 1 helix that is unique in NR3 subunits.

Norma ISO 690:2010 [Doctorado. 2015

OpenAIRE

Biblioteca Universitaria

2015-01-01

Mediante el estudio de este tema aprenderás a gestionar adecuadamente tu bibliografía adquiriendo una serie de competencias que te permitirán: - Actuar de manera responsable, ética y legal en el uso de la información empleada para realizar un trabajo académico. - Identificar el estilo de cita más adecuado para cada disciplina científica. - Identificar correctamente y elaborar las referencias bibliográficas correspondientes a distintos tipos de documentos, de acuerdo con la norma ISO 690:2010....

Norma ISO 690:2010 [Doctorado. 2017

OpenAIRE

Biblioteca Universitaria

2017-01-01

Mediante el estudio de este tema aprenderás a gestionar adecuadamente tu bibliografía adquiriendo una serie de competencias que te permitirán: - Actuar de manera responsable, ética y legal en el uso de la información empleada para realizar un trabajo académico. - Identificar el estilo de cita más adecuado para cada disciplina científica. - Identificar correctamente y elaborar las referencias bibliográficas correspondientes a distintos tipos de documentos, de acuerdo con la norma ISO 690:2010....

Norma ISO 690:2010 [Doctorado. 2014

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Biblioteca Universitaria

2014-01-01

Mediante el estudio de este tema aprenderás a gestionar adecuadamente tu bibliografía adquiriendo una serie de competencias que te permitirán: - Actuar de manera responsable, ética y legal en el uso de la información empleada para realizar un trabajo académico. - Identificar el estilo de cita más adecuado para cada disciplina científica. - Identificar correctamente y elaborar las referencias bibliográficas correspondientes a distintos tipos de documentos, de acuerdo con la norma ISO 690:2010....

Norma juht hämas Venemaa osas / Annika Matson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Matson, Annika, 1976-

2005-01-01

Norma juhatuse esimees Peep Siimon teatas osalise tööaja rakendamise vajadust 551 töötaja puhul ning põhjendab seda keerulise olukorraga Venemaal. Diagramm: Vene autoturg kasvab. Vt. samas: Eesti analüütikud osalise tööaja teadet ei pelga. Kommenteerib Valentin Jurkin

Expression of NR1 subunit of NMDA receptor and PSD-93/95 in rat hippocampus affected by NR1/NR2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vrajová, M.; Bubeníková-Valešová, V.; Klaschka, Jan

2010-01-01

Roč. 9, Suppl.1 (2010), S147 ISSN 1744-859X. [International Congress on Neurobiology and Clinical Psychopharmacology and European Psychiatric Association Conference on Treatment Guidance /1./. 19.11.2009-22.11.2009, Thessaloniki] R&D Projects: GA ČR GD309/09/H072; GA MŠk(CZ) 1M0517 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10300504 Keywords : schizophrenia * animal model * NMDA receptor * aODN-NR1/NR2 * PPI Subject RIV: FL - Psychiatry, Sexuology

Analysis of NR3A receptor subunits in human native NMDA receptors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nilsson, Anna; Eriksson, Maria; Muly, E Chris

2007-01-01

NR3A, representing the third class of NMDA receptor subunits, was first studied in rats, demonstrating ubiquitous expression in the developing central nervous system (CNS), but in the adult mainly expressed in spinal cord and some forebrain nuclei. Subsequent studies showed that rodent and non-human...... primate NR3A expression differs. We have studied the distribution of NR3A in the human CNS and show a widespread distribution of NR3A protein in adult human brain. NR3A mRNA and protein were found in all regions of the cerebral cortex, and also in the subcortical forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Only...... very low levels of NR3A mRNA and protein could be detected in homogenized adult human spinal cord, and in situ hybridization showed that expression was limited to ventral motoneurons. We found that NR3A is associated with NR1, NR2A and NR2B in adult human CNS, suggesting the existence of native NR1-NR2...

The nuclear receptor NR2E1/TLX controls senescence

Science.gov (United States)

Krusche, Benjamin; Pemberton, Helen; Alonso, Marta M.; Chandler, Hollie; Brookes, Sharon; Parrinello, Simona; Peters, Gordon; Gil, Jesús

2014-01-01

The nuclear receptor NR2E1 (also known as TLX or tailless) controls the self-renewal of neural stem cells (NSCs) and has been implied as an oncogene which initiates brain tumours including glioblastomas. Despite NR2E1 regulating targets like p21CIP1 or PTEN we still lack a full explanation for its role in NSC self-renewal and tumorigenesis. We know that Polycomb repressive complexes (PRC) also control stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis, but so far, no formal connection has been established between NR2E1 and PRCs. In a screen for transcription factors regulating the expression of the Polycomb protein CBX7, we identified NR2E1 as one of its more prominent regulators. NR2E1 binds at the CBX7 promoter, inducing its expression. Notably CBX7 represses NR2E1 as part of a regulatory loop. Ectopic NR2E1 expression inhibits cellular senescence, extending cellular lifespan in fibroblasts via CBX7-mediated regulation of p16INK4a and direct repression of p21CIP1. In addition NR2E1 expression also counteracts oncogene-induced senescence (OIS). The importance of NR2E1 to restrain senescence is highlighted through the process of knocking down its expression, which causes premature senescence in human fibroblasts and epithelial cells. We also confirmed that NR2E1 regulates CBX7 and restrains senescence in NSCs. Finally, we observed that the expression of NR2E1 directly correlates with that of CBX7 in human glioblastoma multiforme. Overall we identified control of senescence and regulation of Polycomb action as two possible mechanisms that can join those so far invoked to explain the role of NR2E1 in control of NSC self-renewal and cancer. PMID:25328137

The nuclear receptor NR2E1/TLX controls senescence.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Loghlen, Ana; Martin, Nadine; Krusche, Benjamin; Pemberton, Helen; Alonso, Marta M; Chandler, Hollie; Brookes, Sharon; Parrinello, Simona; Peters, Gordon; Gil, Jesús

2015-07-30

The nuclear receptor NR2E1 (also known as TLX or tailless) controls the self-renewal of neural stem cells (NSCs) and has been implied as an oncogene which initiates brain tumors including glioblastomas. Despite NR2E1 regulating targets like p21(CIP1) or PTEN we still lack a full explanation for its role in NSC self-renewal and tumorigenesis. We know that polycomb repressive complexes also control stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis, but so far, no formal connection has been established between NR2E1 and PRCs. In a screen for transcription factors regulating the expression of the polycomb protein CBX7, we identified NR2E1 as one of its more prominent regulators. NR2E1 binds at the CBX7 promoter, inducing its expression. Notably CBX7 represses NR2E1 as part of a regulatory loop. Ectopic NR2E1 expression inhibits cellular senescence, extending cellular lifespan in fibroblasts via CBX7-mediated regulation of p16(INK4a) and direct repression of p21(CIP1). In addition NR2E1 expression also counteracts oncogene-induced senescence. The importance of NR2E1 to restrain senescence is highlighted through the process of knocking down its expression, which causes premature senescence in human fibroblasts and epithelial cells. We also confirmed that NR2E1 regulates CBX7 and restrains senescence in NSCs. Finally, we observed that the expression of NR2E1 directly correlates with that of CBX7 in human glioblastoma multiforme. Overall we identified control of senescence and regulation of polycomb action as two possible mechanisms that can join those so far invoked to explain the role of NR2E1 in control of NSC self-renewal and cancer.

Blood compatibility assessment of graft copolymer (NR-g-DMAA) tubes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Razzak, M.T.; Otsuhata, Kazushige; Tabata, Yoneho; Ohashi, Fumio; Takeuchi, Atsuki

1992-01-01

Graft copolymer (NR-g-DMAA) tubes have been prepared using simultaneous radiation induced grafting of N,N-dimethyl-acrylamide, (DMAA) onto natural rubber (NR) tubes. The blood compatibility of the NR-g-DMAA tubes was assessed with three methods, namely in vitro test, ex vivo once through test and ex vivo loops test. In the case of the in vitro test, a simple whole blood contacting procedure has been employed. The ex vivo once through test involves the exposing of NR-g-DMAA tubes with once through flow of fresh canine blood and then it was inspected for any evidence of clot. In the case of ex vivo loops test, the NR-g-DMAA tube was implanted at external jugular vein of a mongrel canine and the blood flow in the NR-g-DMAA tube was detected with an ultrasonic flow meter. It was found that the blood compatibility of NR-g-DMAA tubes is improved significantly with the increasing degree of grafting. All the NR-g-DMAA tubes having a degree of grafting of about 30 wt% or more exhibit good blood compatibility. It was found that the blood compatibility of the NR-g-DMAA tube is better than that of a medical grade silicon rubber (SiR) tube. (Author)

Fundamentos de las normas de descripción archivística y bibliotecaria

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Carlos Oliva Marañón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Los archivos, las bibliotecas y los centros de documentación han aumentado su visibilidad en Internet durante los últimos años para interactuar con los usuarios y aproximarles a los fondos documentales en formato digital. La normalización es toda actividad colectiva dirigida a establecer e implementar normas para definir los requisitos que deben cumplir bienes, servicios y procedimientos. Esta investigación desarrolla las principales normas de descripción archivística (NEDA, ISAD y bibliotecaria (ISBD, MARC. Este proceso se considera una operación de análisis documental que respeta el principio de procedencia. Las especiales características del documento de archivo; la adaptación de las normas al fondo documental pertinente; la dificultad de la coherencia y la cohesión normativa; el aumento de volumen de trabajo; el alto coste económico; y la gestión del tiempo constituyen los principales inconvenientes para satisfacer adecuadamente las necesidades de información de los usuarios.

Reduced levels of NR1 and NR2A with depression-like behavior in different brain regions in prenatally stressed juvenile offspring.

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Hongli Sun

Full Text Available Adolescence is a time of continued brain maturation, particularly in limbic and cortical regions, which undoubtedly plays a role in the physiological and emotional changes. Juvenile rats repeatedly exposed to prenatal stress (PS exhibit behavioral features often observed in neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. However, to date the underlying neurological mechanisms are still unclear. In the current study, juvenile offspring rats whose mothers were exposed to PS were evaluated for depression-related behaviors in open field and sucrose preference test. NMDA receptor subunits NR1 and NR2A in the hippocampus, frontal cortex and striatum were assayed by western blotting. The results indicated that PS resulted in several behavioral anomalies in the OFT and sucrose preference test. Moreover, reduced levels of NMDA receptor subunits NR1 and NR2A in the hippocampus, and NR1 in prefrontal cortex and striatum of prenatally stressed juvenile offspring were found. Treatment with MK-801 to pregnant dams could prevent all those changes in the juvenile offspring. Collectivity, these data support the argument that PS to pregnant dams could induce depression-like behavior, which may be involved with abnormal expression of NR1 and NR2A in specific brain regions, and MK-801 may have antidepressant-like effects on the juvenile offspring.

A influência das normas nos processos de trabalho: o caso da Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi-RS

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Denise Dexheimer

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Este artigo identifica como as normas explícitas na cultura organizacional influenciam os processos de trabalho dos funcionários públicos da Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi/RS. Após a caracterização da organização, no referencial teórico encontram-se algumas definições sobre tipos de organizações, cultura organizacional, normas e processos de trabalho. Em termos metodológicos, com base em Vergara (2009 o estudo classifica-se quanto aos fins como uma pesquisa descritiva. Quanto aos meios, o estudo se classifica como pesquisa de campo, pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Foram aplicadas 18 questões com 30 funcionários da referida Prefeitura a fim de verificar qual era a percepção que os funcionários possuíam sobre as normas vigentes, assim como identificar quais normas reguladoras que mais dificultavam o andamento dos processos de trabalho. Após esses diagnósticos foram propostas estratégias que possam viabilizar um melhor e mais eficiente processo de práticas na Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi/RS. Com a conclusão do trabalho, percebeu-se o quanto as normas organizacionais influenciam os processos de trabalho, afetando diretamente os serviços prestados pela organização, podendo determinar os resultados e desempenhos organizacionais.

A influência das normas nos processos de trabalho: o caso da Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi-RS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Denise Dexheimer

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo identifica como as normas explícitas na cultura organizacional influenciam os processos de trabalho dos funcionários públicos da Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi/RS. Após a caracterização da organização, no referencial teórico encontram-se algumas definições sobre tipos de organizações, cultura organizacional, normas e processos de trabalho. Em termos metodológicos, com base em Vergara (2009 o estudo classifica-se quanto aos fins como uma pesquisa descritiva. Quanto aos meios, o estudo se classifica como pesquisa de campo, pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Foram aplicadas 18 questões com 30 funcionários da referida Prefeitura a fim de verificar qual era a percepção que os funcionários possuíam sobre as normas vigentes, assim como identificar quais normas reguladoras que mais dificultavam o andamento dos processos de trabalho. Após esses diagnósticos foram propostas estratégias que possam viabilizar um melhor e mais eficiente processo de práticas na Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi/RS. Com a conclusão do trabalho, percebeu-se o quanto as normas organizacionais influenciam os processos de trabalho, afetando diretamente os serviços prestados pela organização, podendo determinar os resultados e desempenhos organizacionais.

Representaciones sobre las normas de género: la resistencia al cambio

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Alejandra Martínez

2011-10-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo es producto de un trabajo de investigación realizado entre 2006 y 2009 en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Uno de los objetivos centrales de dicho estudio fue analizar las representaciones de las normas de género en varones y mujeres, y relacionar dichas representaciones con sus condiciones objetivas de existencia. En este escrito mostramos las articulaciones resultantes entre representaciones y condiciones objetivas -específicamente aquellas relativas a la posesión/carencia de capital económico y cultural-, poniendo en relieve la resistencia de las representaciones más tradicionales asociadas a las normas de género.

O PROCESSO DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DE NORMAS DE DESEMPENHO NA CONSTRUÇÃO: UM COMPARATIVO ENTRE A ESPANHA (CTE E BRASIL (NBR 15575/2013

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Andrea Parisi Kern

2015-02-01

Full Text Available A preocupação com o desempenho das edificações é uma tendência mundial. No Brasil, em 2010, foi proposta a NBR 15.575, sob o título geral de Edifícios habitacionais até cinco pavimentos – Desempenho. Embora esteja em vigor as iniciativas de utilização do documento por profissionais da construção ainda são incipientes, tendo em vista a complexidade das questões que envolvem o conceito de desempenho e desafiam especialmente arquitetos e engenheiros projetistas. Por outro lado, na Europa é comum o uso de leis, normas ou códigos baseados no conceito de desempenho. Por exemplo, o Código Técnico das Edificações (CTE da Espanha que estabelece desempenho e durabilidade às edificações, em vigor desde 2007, relativamente bem sucedido. Esse artigo tem o objetivo de discutir o processo de implantação do CTE e comparar ao da NBR 15.575/2010. Como contribuições são apontadas algumas estratégias utilizadas na implantação do CTE que poderiam ser consideradas no Brasil tais como a implantação gradual, a criação de meio de comunicação entre responsáveis pela Norma e usuários, a definição de documentos e conteúdos para o cumprimento da norma para projetistas, programas de divulgação e discussão com principais fornecedores de cada área envolvida, e, por fim, a consideração de parâmetros da NBR 15.575/2010 na aprovação dos projetos pelo Município, no Brasil, Códigos de obras.

The USA Nr Inventory: Dominant Sources and Primary Transport Pathways

Science.gov (United States)

Sabo, R. D.; Clark, C.; Sobota, D. J.; Compton, J.; Cooter, E. J.; Schwede, D. B.; Bash, J. O.; Rea, A.; Dobrowolski, J. P.

2016-12-01

Efforts to mitigate the deleterious effects of excess reactive nitrogen (Nr) on human health and ecosystem goods and service while ensuring food, biofuel, and fiber availability, is one of the most pressing environmental management challenges of this century. Effective management of Nr requires up to date inventories that quantitatively characterize the sources, transport, and transformation of Nr through the environment. The inherent complexity of the nitrogen cycle, however, through multiple exchange points across air, water, and terrestrial media, renders such inventories difficult to compile and manage. Previous Nr Inventories are for 2002 and 2007, and used data sources that have since been improved. Thus, this recent inventory will substantially advance the methodology across many sectors of the inventory (e.g. deposition and biological fixation in crops and natural systems) and create a recent snapshot that is sorely needed for policy planning and trends analysis. Here we use a simple mass balance approach to estimate the input-output budgets for all United States Geologic Survey Hydrologic Unit Code-8 watersheds. We focus on a recent year (i.e. 2012) to update the Nr Inventory, but apply the analytical approach for multiple years where possible to assess trends through time. We also compare various sector estimates using multiple methodologies. Assembling datasets that account for new Nr inputs into watersheds (e.g., atmospheric NOy deposition, food imports, biologic N fixation) and internal fluxes of recycled Nr (e.g., manure, Nr emmissions/volatilization) provide an unprecedented, data driven computation of N flux. Input-output budgets will offer insight into 1) the dominant sources of Nr in a watershed (e.g., food imports, atmospheric N deposition, or fertilizer), 2) the primary loss pathways for Nr (e.g., crop N harvest, volatilization/emissions), and 3) what watersheds are net sources versus sinks of Nr. These insights will provide needed clarity for

Norma tulemusi toetas suurem müük Venemaa turule / Tarvo Vaarmets

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vaarmets, Tarvo

2006-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 1. nov. lk. 29. Suuremad tellimused Vene autotootjatelt lisasid Norma III kvartali käibele 2005. aastaga võrreldes ligi kolmandiku. Diagramm. Kommenteerib Rait Maasikas

La crisis del concepto prudencia a causa del tránsito de las normas nacionales austriacas de información financiera a las normas internacionales

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Michael Matthias Reeh

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Al ser un país miembro de la Unión Europea (UE, la nación austriaca ha venido incorporando paulatinamente las International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS, Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF en español, a sus procesos contables y de revelación de información financiera en remplazo de las normas nacionales locales conocidas como Unternehmensgesetzbuch (UGB. Durante este proceso de convergencia, el principio prudencia ha entrado en crisis dentro del marco conceptual de las IFRS a cambio del principio valor justo o razonable. Es por ello que este trabajo presenta los principios básicos del sistema austriaco nacional, UGB, en comparación con los de las IFRS con el fin de analizar, por un lado, las razones por las cuales el concepto prudencia entro en crisis y, por otro, si el principio valor justo o razonable es el indicado para remplazar al primero.

Análise do método de simulação de desempenho térmico da norma NBR 15.575

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Márcio José SORGATO

2014-09-01

Full Text Available As normas de desempenho de edificações avaliam e regulamentam o setor da construção civil, garantindo um padrão mínimo de qualidade e desempenho das edificações residenciais. O artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o método de simulação do desempenho térmico de edificações residenciais da NBR 15575. Observou-se que o método da norma apresenta limitações, avaliando o desempenho da edificação através de dias típicos de verão e inverno. Como proposta, foi desenvolvido e encaminhado um novo método de simulação durante a consulta pública da NBR 15575. A proposta do novo método busca avaliar o desempenho térmico da edificação através dos graus-hora de resfriamento e aquecimento. Os resultados da comparação entre estes dois métodos foram analisados, permitindo observar que o método de simulação da NBR 15575 atende ao desempenho térmico mínimo quando comparado com o sistema construtivo com paredes de concreto de 5 cm de espessura. Já com a aplicação do método proposto, observou-se que a edificação apresentou um desempenho térmico insatisfatório para o sistema construtivo analisado. Palavras-Chave: simulação computacional, desempenho térmico, edificações residências.

A família na Unidade de Pediatria: convivendo com normas e rotinas hospitalares

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Daiani Modernel Xavier

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se conhecer, na visão foucaultiana, como o familiar cuidador da criança convive com as normas e rotinas no hospital. Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no segundo semestre de 2011. Teve como referencial metodológico a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Foi desenvolvido na Unidade de Pediatria de um Hospital Universitário no sul do Brasil, com dezoito familiares cuidadores. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevistas semiestruturadas e a análise, através da codificação aberta, axial e seletiva. Percebeu-se que a família tende a submeter-se às normas e rotinas no hospital, mas reconhece a importância de sua flexibilização, exercendo resistência, seja dialogando, seja transgredindo, em busca de autonomia, quando percebem que essas não contemplam suas necessidades. Torna-se importante o uso de normas e rotinas que possibilitem à família práticas e espaços de liberdade, autonomia e resistência.

Normas de Bioseguridad en el consultorio Odontologico

OpenAIRE

Del Valle A., Sol Cristina

2002-01-01

El Odontólogo como miembro del grupo de profesionales de la salud está en constante riesgo de adquirir enfermedades virales y bacterianas altamente contagiosas, que en muchos casos pueden ser mortales. Hoy día nuestros pacientes están al tanto del peligro que pueden correr cuando son atendidos con instrumental contaminado y sin las debidas normas de protección y el avance contínuo de información nos obliga y nos exige cuidarnos y cuidarlos a ellos. Se revisarán las medidas necesarias que debe...

The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B bind to the SH2 domains of phospholipase C-gamma.

Science.gov (United States)

Gurd, J W; Bissoon, N

1997-08-01

The NMDA receptor has recently been found to be phosphorylated on tyrosine. To assess the possible connection between tyrosine phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor and signaling pathways in the postsynaptic cell, we have investigated the relationship between tyrosine phosphorylation and the binding of NMDA receptor subunits to the SH2 domains of phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma). A glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein containing both the N- and the C-proximal SH2 domains of PLC-gamma was bound to glutathione-agarose and reacted with synaptic junctional proteins and glycoproteins. Tyrosine-phosphorylated PSD-GP180, which has been identified as the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor, bound to the SH2-agarose beads in a phosphorylation-dependent fashion. Immunoblot analysis with antibodies specific for individual NMDA receptor subunits showed that both NR2A and NR2B subunits bound to the SH2-agarose. No binding occurred to GST-agarose lacking an associated SH2 domain, indicating that binding was specific for the SH2 domains. The binding of receptor subunits increased after the incubation of synaptic junctions with ATP and decreased after treatment of synaptic junctions with exogenous protein tyrosine phosphatase. Immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that NR2A and NR2B were phosphorylated on tyrosine and further that tyrosine phosphorylation of each of the subunits was increased after incubation with ATP. The results demonstrate that NMDA receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B will bind to the SH2 domains of PLC-gamma and that isolated synaptic junctions contain endogenous protein tyrosine kinase(s) that can phosphorylate both NR2A and NR2B receptor subunits, and suggest that interaction of the tyrosine-phosphorylated NMDA receptor with proteins that contain SH2 domains may serve to link it to signaling pathways in the postsynaptic cell.

Norma majandustulemuste ootused käivad üksteisele vastu / Gea Velthut-Sokka

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Velthut-Sokka, Gea, 1977-

2004-01-01

LHV ja Hansapanga analüütikud ennustavad Normale suurenenud kasumit ja aktsiahinna tõusu, Suprema ennustab nii käibe kui ka kasumi vähenemist. Kommenteerib Norma tegevdirektor Peep Siimon. Diagramm

Memory Enhancement by Targeting Cdk5 Regulation of NR2B

Science.gov (United States)

Plattner, Florian; Hernandéz, Adan; Kistler, Tara M.; Pozo, Karine; Zhong, Ping; Yuen, Eunice Y.; Tan, Chunfeng; Hawasli, Ammar H.; Cooke, Sam F.; Nishi, Akinori; Guo, Ailan; Wiederhold, Thorsten; Yan, Zhen; Bibb, James A.

2014-01-01

SUMMARY Many psychiatric and neurological disorders are characterized by learning and memory deficits, for which cognitive enhancement is considered a valid treatment strategy. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is a prime target for the development of cognitive enhancers due to its fundamental role in learning and memory. In particular, the NMDAR subunit NR2B improves synaptic plasticity and memory when over-expressed in neurons. However, NR2B regulation is not well understood and no therapies potentiating NMDAR function have been developed. Here, we show that serine 1116 of NR2B is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). Cdk5-dependent NR2B phosphorylation is regulated by neuronal activity and controls the receptor’s cell surface expression. Disrupting NR2B-Cdk5 interaction using a small interfering peptide (siP) increases NR2B surface levels, facilitates synaptic transmission, and improves memory formation in vivo. Our results reveal a novel regulatory mechanism critical to NR2B function that can be targeted for the development of cognitive enhancers. PMID:24607229

Proyección de la Norma Terminológica Internacional ISO 29383 en el contexto de las exportaciones colombianas

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Juan Carlos Díaz Vásquez

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: el presente artículo se propone exponer la aplicabilidad de la Norma Terminológica Internacional ISO 29383, y su influencia positiva, en el contexto de las exportaciones en Colombia. Por otro lado, busca mostrar parte del trabajo desarrollado en la tesis ''Aplicación de normas terminológicas internacionales en el sector exportador colombiano'', presentada en la Universidad de Viena, Austria. La sección que se expone en este artículo hace parte igualmente del trabajo al interior del Comité Técnico Internacional ISO/TC 37, en cuanto al desarrollo de normas termino-lógicas que buscan tener una aplicabilidad general en los más diversos contextos. Uno de ellos es el planteamiento e implementación de políticas terminológicas al nivel gubernamental, a partir de la aplicación de normas terminológicas. Método: mediante el análisis de la Norma ISO 29383 ''Políticas terminológicas'', se presentan los aspectos más relevantes que permitan entender sus objetivos, enfoque, orígenes y planteamientos esenciales. Teniendo una visión clara de la norma, se lleva a cabo un análisis comparativo de la misma, contrastándola con el Plan estratégico exportador (Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje -SENA-, 2001, que define los lineamientos de la política exportadora colombiana. Resultados: se presentan proyecciones de la norma en el contexto colombiano, es decir, de qué manera se beneficiaría el sector exportador si allí se aplicara una política terminológica nacional. Conclusiones: el esfuerzo internacional en torno a la normalización terminológica puede influir positivamente en el desarrollo de economías en vías de desarrollo. La aplicación de normas terminológicas es un factor de desarrollo no sólo en la comunicación especializada de un sector dado, sino también como elemento necesario en los procesos de gestión de la calidad, dentro de los cuales la normalización va haciendo cada vez m

Postsynaptic density protein 95-regulated NR2B tyrosine phosphorylation and interactions of Fyn with NR2B in levodopa-induced dyskinesia rat models

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Ba M

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Maowen Ba,1,* Min Kong,2,* Guozhao Ma3 1Department of Neurology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai City, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai City, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Context: Abnormality in interactions between N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA receptor and its signaling molecules occurs in the lesioned striatum in Parkinson’s disease (PD and levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID. It was reported that Fyn-mediated NR2B tyrosine phosphorylation, can enhance NMDA receptor function. Postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95, one of the synapse-associated proteins, regulates interactions between receptor and downstream-signaling molecules. In light of the relationship between PSD-95, NR2B, and Fyn kinases, does PSD-95 contribute to the overactivity of NMDA receptor function induced by dopaminergic treatment? To further prove the possibility, the effects of regulating the PSD-95 expression on the augmented NR2B tyrosine phosphorylation and on the interactions of Fyn and NR2B in LID rat models were evaluated.Methods: In the present study, parkinsonian rat models were established by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine. Subsequently, valid PD rats were treated with levodopa (50 mg/kg/day with benserazide 12.5 mg/kg/day, twice daily intraperitoneally for 22 days to create LID rat models. Then, the effect of pretreatment with an intrastriatal injection of the PSD-95mRNA antisense oligonucleotides (PSD-95 ASO on the rotational response to levodopa challenge was assessed. The effects of pretreatment with an intrastriatal injection of PSD-95 ASO on the augmented NR2B tyrosine phosphorylation and interactions of Fyn with NR2B in the LID rat models were detected by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Results: Levodopa

1995 annual 100-NR-2 groundwater summary report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borghese, J.V.; Johnson, V.M.; Walker, L.D.

1996-09-01

The 100-NR-2 Operable Unit (OU) is located in the north-central part of the Hanford Site along the southern shoreline of the Columbia River in Richland, Washington. The 100-N Area is bordered by the Columbia River and the 600 Area (the portion of the Hanford Site that surrounds the primary operations areas). The purpose of this document is to provide the 1995 groundwater sampling data for the 100-NR-2 groundwater OU. Also included are the analytical results for sampling rounds 7 and 8 that were conducted during March and September 1995 for 100-NR-2

Norma categorial para el español de Bogotá, Colombia

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Albeiro Miguel Angel Ramirez Sarmiento

2011-09-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de un estudio elaborado en Bogotá con 210 estudiantesuniversitarios de 5 instituciones con diferentes características sociodemográficas, con el fin de establecer las normas categoriales léxicas. Se utilizaron las 56 categorías léxicosemánticas usadas en el clásico estudio de Battig y Motague (1969 y se recogieron más de 7800 palabras que fueron organizadas por rango y moda. En la revisión bibliográfica realizada no se encontraron trabajos de esta naturaleza para el español colombiano (o latinoamericano, y se espera que sus resultados sean usados en protocolos para el campo de la terapia del lenguaje y los estudios psicolingüísticos. Los datos recogidos fueron comparados con uno de los estudios de norma categorial realizados para el español ibérico

Las Normas Contables Profesionales y los Costos

OpenAIRE

Demonte, Norberto G.

2005-01-01

El trabajo relaciona las normas contables profesionales y la doctrina más avanzada de costo con el objetivo de exponer adecuadamente la realidad económica, tanto en los estados contables como en la información de gestión. A partir de una rigurosa clasificación e identificación de los costos se propone aplicar el sistema de costeo variable en el estado de resultados conjuntamente con la valuación al “precio de venta en bloque” de los bienes de cambio en el estado de situación patrimonial. Se a...

Una simulación multi-agente del mecanismo de generalización de una norma social

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Francisco Linares

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo trata de abordar dos cuestiones interrelacionadas: ¿qué es una norma social? y ¿cómo se generaliza? Se argumenta que una norma social no es ni mero comportamiento sancionador ni tampoco comportamiento que tan solo se ajusta a las expectativas de los demás; sino que ambos requisitos deben cumplirse para que esta exista. A través de un modelo de simulación multi-agente se muestra cómo una dinámica de refuerzo mutuo entre la ejecución de sanciones y la generalización de expectativas explica la generalización de una norma social, dada la existencia de una masa crítica de sancionadores incondicionales. Además se muestra que a mayor densidad social, menor el tamaño de la masa crítica requerida en la población.

Cloning and expression of the human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR3A

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eriksson, Maria; Nilsson, Anna; Froelich-Fabre, Susanne

2002-01-01

Native N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are heteromeric assemblies of four or five subunits. The NMDA receptor subunits, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, NR2C, and NR2D have been cloned in several species, including man. The NR3A subunit, which in rodents is predominantly expressed during early development......, seems to function by reducing the NMDA receptor response. The human homologue to the rat NR3A, however, had not been cloned. In order to study the functions of the human NR3A (hNR3A), we have cloned and sequenced the hNR3A. It was found to share 88% of the DNA sequence with the rat gene, corresponding...

Aproximação entre contabilidade gerencial e contabilidade financeira com a convergência contábil brasileira às normas IFRS

OpenAIRE

Luciano Gilio

2011-01-01

Este trabalho investiga se a adoção das normas IFRS - International Financial Reporting Standards, por meio dos pronunciamentos técnicos do Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis - CPC, resultou em aproximação significativa dos conceitos usados pela contabilidade gerencial e pela contabilidade financeira nas empresas brasileiras. Com a adoção das normas internacionais de contabilidade (as normas do International Accounting Standards Board - IASB) no Brasil, chamada de convergência contábil brasi...

NR4A nuclear receptors are orphans but not lonesome.

Science.gov (United States)

Kurakula, Kondababu; Koenis, Duco S; van Tiel, Claudia M; de Vries, Carlie J M

2014-11-01

The NR4A subfamily of nuclear receptors consists of three mammalian members: Nur77, Nurr1, and NOR-1. The NR4A receptors are involved in essential physiological processes such as adaptive and innate immune cell differentiation, metabolism and brain function. They act as transcription factors that directly modulate gene expression, but can also form trans-repressive complexes with other transcription factors. In contrast to steroid hormone nuclear receptors such as the estrogen receptor or the glucocorticoid receptor, no ligands have been described for the NR4A receptors. This lack of known ligands might be explained by the structure of the ligand-binding domain of NR4A receptors, which shows an active conformation and a ligand-binding pocket that is filled with bulky amino acid side-chains. Other mechanisms, such as transcriptional control, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions therefore seem to be more important in regulating the activity of the NR4A receptors. For Nur77, over 80 interacting proteins (the interactome) have been identified so far, and roughly half of these interactions has been studied in more detail. Although the NR4As show some overlap in interacting proteins, less information is available on the interactome of Nurr1 and NOR-1. Therefore, the present review will describe the current knowledge on the interactomes of all three NR4A nuclear receptors with emphasis on Nur77. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PRE-DISCOVERY AND FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS OF THE NEARBY SN 2009nr: IMPLICATIONS FOR PROMPT TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, Rubab; Stanek, K. Z.; Beacom, J. F.; Szczygiel, D. M.; Mogren, K.; Eastman, J. D.; Martini, P.; Stoll, R.; Prieto, J. L.; Pojmanski, G.; Pilecki, B.

2011-01-01

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of the Type Ia supernova SN 2009nr in UGC 8255 (z = 0.0122). Following the discovery announcement at what turned out to be 10 days after peak, we detected it at V ≅15.7 mag in data collected by the All-Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) North telescope 2 weeks prior to the peak, and then followed it up with telescopes ranging in aperture from 10 cm to 6.5 m. Using early photometric data available only from ASAS, we find that the supernova is similar to the overluminous Type Ia SN 1991T, with a peak at M V ≅ -19.6 mag, and a slow decline rate of Δm 15 (B) ≅ 0.95 mag. The early post-maximum spectra closely resemble those of SN 1991T, while the late-time spectra are more similar to those of normal Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Interestingly, SN 2009nr has a projected distance of 13.0 kpc (∼4.3 disk scale lengths) from the nucleus of the small star-forming host galaxy UGC 8255. This indicates that the progenitor of SN 2009nr is not associated with a young stellar population, calling into question the conventional association of luminous SNe Ia with the 'prompt' component directly correlated with current star formation. The pre-discovery observation of SN 2009nr using ASAS demonstrates the science utility of high-cadence all sky surveys conducted using small telescopes for the discovery of nearby (d ∼< 50 Mpc) supernovae.

Estudio sobre la pertinencia del uso de las normas disponibles del Raven en adultos mayores chilenos

OpenAIRE

Alarcón Paz,Cristina; Díaz Valenzuela,Vanessa; Hernández Rosales,Jacqueline; Estrada Goic,Claudia

2012-01-01

La evaluación de la inteligencia en población adulto mayor ha aumentado su relevancia debido al incremento de la esperanza de vida. Este estudio centra su interés en la pertinencia de normas disponibles para el Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven para dicha población. Se utilizaron normas de Colchester (1942, en Raven, Court y Raven, 2008), las más completas existentes. Participaron 102 adultos mayores voluntarios (más de 60 años). El diseño fue no experimental transversal correlacional. Lo...

[Effect of electroacupuncture on phosphorylation of NR2B at Tyr 1742 site in the spinal dorsal horn of CFA rats].

Science.gov (United States)

Liang, Yi; Fang, Jian-Qiao; Fang, Jun-Fan; Du, Jun-Ying; Qiu, Yu-Jie; Liu, Jin

2013-10-01

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on phosphorylation of spinal NR2B at Tyr 1742 site in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced inflammatory pain rats. METHods Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (N group, n = 10), the model group (CFA group, n = 15), and the EA group (n = 15). The inflammatory pain model was established by subcutaneous injecting CFA (0.1 mL per rat) into the right hind paw. Paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were measured before CFA injection (as the base), as well as at 24 h, 25 h, 3rd day, and 7th day after CFA injection. Phosphorylation of NR2B at Tyr 1742 site in the ispilateral spinal dorsal horn at the 3rd day post-injection were detected using immunohistochemical assay. PWTs in the CFA group were significantly lower than those of the N group at every detective time point post-injection (P CFA group at 25 h and 3rd day post-injection (P CFA group was up-regulated. Compared with the CFA group, the ratio of p-NR2B positive cells in the ispilateral spinal dorsal horn of rats showed a decreasing tendency in the EA group. EA might effectively inhibit CFA-induced inflammatory pain possibly associated with down-regulating phosphorylation of NR2B at Tyr 1742 site in the ispilateral spinal dorsal horn.

Enantioselectivity and Thermostability of a Novel Hyperhermotolerant Lipase from Geobacillus Thermodenitrificans nr68 (Lip.nr-68) on Secondary Racemic Alcohols Acetylation

Science.gov (United States)

Nik Him, N. R.; Ibrahim, D.

2018-05-01

In our previous work, a new lipase enzyme has been purified from a species identified as a Gram negative Geobacillus thermodenitrificans nr68, isolated from a hot spring in Malaysia with growth temperature of 48°C. This new lipase, called Lip.nr-68 has been characterized as a hyperthermotolerant protein with high stability at 65°C and has been showing excellent characteristics that are very much comparable yet better than some of those of well-known industrially-used lipases. It shows high activity against long-chain triglycerides with molecular weight of the purified enzyme estimated to be 33.5 kDa using SDS-PAGE analysis. This paper is focusing on hyperthermotolerant Lip.nr-68 performance in promoting for enantioselectivity activities towards three secondary racemic alcohols namely 1-phenylethanol, 1-cyclohexilethanol and 1-(naft-2-il) ethanol by acetylation with vinyl acetate. Lip.nr-68 has been confirmed to show high and usual enantioselectivitiy according to the Kazlauskas Rule towards all secondary racemic alcohols and has significantly approved as an enantiomer selective biocatalyst towards 1-phenylethanol and 1-cyclohexylethanol at 65°C. Lip.nr-68 has showed a reduction of (R) and (S) enantiomers as well as the production of 68-98% ee and almost 94% yield of 3-4 mg/ml for 1-cyclohexilethanol.

L'ús de la norma de qualitat ISO 9001 a les biblioteques d'institucions d'educació superior = El uso de la norma de calidad ISO 9001 en las bibliotecas de instituciones de educación superior

OpenAIRE

Balagué, Núria; ,

2007-01-01

La norma ISO 9001 és un dels instruments de gestió que han estat adoptats per les biblioteques durant els darrers anys. En aquest article es presenten els trets principals de les biblioteques d'institucions d'ensenyament superior que han assolit la certificació dels seus sistemes de gestió de la qualitat amb la norma ISO 9001:2000, els motius que les han dut a certificar-se, i els avantatges i les dificultats que els ha comportat aplicar-la. Finalment, s'ofereix una visió prospectiva sobre el...

Los RRHH: nuevas exigencias en la norma ISO 9001/2015 y su aplicación al sector de la construcción

OpenAIRE

Román García, Sergio

2017-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta la norma ISO 9001/2015 que es una norma internacional de calidad, con la mejora continua por bandera. Los objetivos de implementar la norma ISO 9001 principalmente serían tres: aumentar la seguridad, aumentar la rentabilidad económica y reducir el tiempo empleado en los procesos. Para todo esto, se necesita que la alta dirección se implique al 100% y que ésta, a su vez, haga implicarse a todos los trabajadores de la organización. En la parte más práctic...

La EPA propone normas más rigurosas para las personas que aplican los plaguicidas de más alto riesgo

Science.gov (United States)

La EPA emitió una propuesta para la revisión de la norma para la Certificación de Aplicadores de Plaguicidas. La norma ayudará a mantener nuestras comunidades seguras, salvaguardar el medio ambiente y reducir el riesgo a los que aplican los plaguicidas.

Roussel. Sinfonien Nr. 3 g-Moll op. 42 und Nr. 4 A-Dur op. 5, Neeme Järvi / Christoph Schlüren

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Schlüren, Christoph

1995-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Roussel. Sinfonien Nr. 3 g-Moll op. 42 und Nr. 4 A-Dur op. 53, Bacchus et Ariane op. 43 (Zweite Orchestersuite). Sinfonietta für Streichorchester d-Moll op. 52. Detroit Symphony Orchester, N. Järvi". Chandos/Koch CD 7007(WD: 70'10") DDD

Fast biodegradation of toxic bisphenol a by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NR.22 (Ps.NR.22) isolated from Malaysian local lake

Science.gov (United States)

Him, Nik Raikhan Nik; Zainuddin, Mohammad Fiqri; Basha, Anuar Zain Anuar

2017-12-01

The paper focused on microbial degradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) as a safe and fast method to reduce BPA contamination in water. BPA is found in waste water, sea water and home water pipeline and it is nondegradable pollutant. Biodegradation is suggested to be practical solution for large volume of BPA. Biodegradation plays an important role and the effect of low concentration significantly decreased the degradation rate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa NR.22 (Ps.NR.22) which has been isolated from a lake at Seksyen 2, Shah Alam, was used. In Malaysia, Ps.NR.22 isolation agar is used for the BPA degradation process. It was stained with Gram negative-rod shaped bacteria that confirmed to carry a 16S rRNA gene. BPA as a sole carbon has been tested at various concentrations. The research showed that BPA was degraded at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm and the bacteria growth rate was excellent in 20 ppm BPA. Degradation of BPA was carried out for 9 hours to 18 hours and the maximum degradation was recorded at 9 hours. The value of the highest peak of growth at 540 nm was 2.0617 using 20 ppm BPA. This novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa NR.22 has great potential to be used in waste water treatment.

Comparación de las normas sísmicas más utilizadas para puentes continuos en el Perú y sus métodos de análisis

OpenAIRE

Acero Martínez, José Alberto

2004-01-01

Este trabajo esta orientado a revisar las normas sísmicas más utilizadas para puentes continuos en el Perú y sus métodos de análisis. Se revisan principalmente: la norma AASHTO STANDARD, AASHTO LRFD, CALTRANS y la Norma Sísmica para Puentes de Japón. También, se discute la propuesta de norma para puentes del Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones del Perú y se revisa la NTE E.030. Por otro lado, se revisan en forma referencial, normas sísmicas de puentes de Chile, Venezuela y Canadá. T...

Evaluación del ruido en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alessandra Teixeira

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Con los avances en la tecnología y la investigación llevada a cabo en neonatología, ya es posible ver más allá de lo que podamos para salvaguardar las vidas de recién nacidos (RN, proporcionando una calidad de vida. Para esto necesitamos tener una visión amplia que se ve más allá del individuo, el medio ambiente y el equipo que le rodea. Humanización debe impregnar todas las acciones tomadas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN. Objetivo: En este contexto, el ruido ambiental emerge como un objeto de estudio de esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los niveles de ruido a que están expuestos los recién nacidos ingresados en una unidad específica de cuidados intensivos neonatales y discutirlos a la luz de las normas vigentes país. Materiales y Métodos: Teniendo en cuenta el tema de la parte delantera de esta investigación considera que es importante conocer la legislación que aborda este tema, específicamente el procedimiento estándar de Higiene Profesional Técnica (NHO 01 y la norma 15 (NR15. De acuerdo con la Norma 15 (NR 15 promulgado por el Ministerio de la Ordenanza N º 3214/1978 del Trabajo, actualizado por el Decreto 203/2011, el ruido que se clasifica como el impacto del ruido o el ruido continuo también llamado intermitente, que se caracteriza los picos de energía acústica de menos de 1 (un segundo a intervalos superiores a 1 (un segundo. Resultados: Comenzamos la presentación de los resultados que describen el campo de estudio, los resultados de la investigación discutidos a la luz de las normas vigentes en el país. Discusión y Conclusiones: La institución por área de estudio es un centro de referencia para cuidados intensivos neonatales de la micro-región de Barbacena recibe pacientes de varios lugares. De acuerdo con la Resolución del Directorio N º 7 (RDC 07 se clasifica como un nivel de unidad de cuidadosintensivos II(10. (Rev Cuid 2011; 2

La Intrascendencia del debate positivismo-iusnaturalismo: Las normas de ius cogens

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Andrés Molina-Ochoa

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del artículo es probar la irrelevancia del debate entre iusnaturalismo y positivismo para resolver problemas típicos del derecho. El artículo se fundamenta en las respuestas que positivistas y naturalistas podrían dar al problema de la existencia de normas de ius cogens, particularmente, al problema de la obligatoriedad y validez de dichas normas. Al probar que tanto el positivismo inclusivista y exclusivista, así como el iusnaturalismo responden a los problemas del ius Mogens de la misma forma, el artículo concluye que no hay un verdadero debate entre estas dos teorías, excepto por la discusión que todavía continúa sobre si el derecho puede ser una ciencia descriptiva o tiene que ser una disciplina normativa. En este sentido, el debate entre positivistas y iusnaturalistas puede considerarse como un capítulo más en la larga discusión acerca de la naturaleza de las ciencias sociales.

Attraction of Euwallacea nr. fornicatus to lures containing quercivorol

Science.gov (United States)

Euwallacea nr. fornicatus is an exotic ambrosia beetle that vectors fungal Fusarium spp. to avocados. Two field trials testing potential attractants to trap Euwallacea spp. were conducted in south Florida. Quercivorol + Ultra High Release Ethanol (URH) was the more powerful attractant for E. nr. for...

NR4A1 is an endogenous inhibitor of vocal fold fibrosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Hiwatashi, Nao; Bing, Renjie; Kraja, Iv; Branski, Ryan C

2017-09-01

NR4A1 was recently identified as an endogenous inhibitor of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced fibrosis, and the role of this nuclear receptor has not been elucidated in tissue health or the response to injury in the vocal folds. Given the clinical implications of vocal fold fibrosis, we investigated NR4A1 expression during vocal fold wound healing in vivo and the regulatory roles of NR4A1 on vocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs) in vitro with the ultimate goal of developing targeted therapies for this challenging patient population. In vivo and in vitro. In vivo, the temporal pattern of NR4A1 mRNA expression was quantified following rat vocal fold injury. In vitro, the role of NR4A1 on TGF-β1-mediated transcription of genes underlying fibrosis as well as myofibroblast differentiation and collagen gel contraction was quantified in our human VFF line. Small interfering RNA was employed to alter NR4A1 expression to further elucidate this complex system. Nr4a1 mRNA increased 1 day after injury and peaked at 7 days. Knockdown of NR4A1 resulted in upregulation of COL1A1 and TGF-β1, with TGF-β1 stimulation (both P vocal fold health or disease. Upregulation of TGF-β following vocal fold injury was concurrent with increased NR4A1 expression. These data provide a foundation for the development of therapeutic strategies given persistent TGF-β signaling in vocal fold fibrosis. N/A Laryngoscope, 127:E317-E323, 2017. © 2017 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

A influência das normas nos processos de trabalho: o caso da Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi-RS

OpenAIRE

Denise Dexheimer; Marcos Paulo Dhein Griebeler

2013-01-01

Este artigo identifica como as normas explícitas na cultura organizacional influenciam os processos de trabalho dos funcionários públicos da Prefeitura Municipal de Panambi/RS. Após a caracterização da organização, no referencial teórico encontram-se algumas definições sobre tipos de organizações, cultura organizacional, normas e processos de trabalho. Em termos metodológicos, com base em Vergara (2009) o estudo classifica-se quanto aos fins como uma pesquisa descritiva. Quanto aos meios, o e...

Las normas de auditoria informática

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Dagoberto Pinilla F.

1994-01-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo económico general de los países y el acelerado proceso de informatización de la sociedad a escala mundial, exigen metodologías de control organizadas y permanentemente actualizadas. De ahí que la función de auditoría informática deba estar debidamente apoyada en parámetros normativos que aseguren niveles deseables de confiabilidad en los resultados de los procesos. En este artículo se presentan los requisitos normativos que la comunidad internacional de auditores ha precisado para el ejercicio profesional. en términos de normas profesionales, para la ejecución del trabajo y para la rendición de informes.

Pharmacological isolation of postsynaptic currents mediated by NR2A- and NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in the anterior cingulate cortex

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cao Xiaoyan

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract NMDA receptors (NMDARs are involved in excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity associated with a variety of brain functions, from memory formation to chronic pain. Subunit-selective antagonists for NMDARs provide powerful tools to dissect NMDAR functions in neuronal activities. Recently developed antagonist for NR2A-containing receptors, NVP-AAM007, triggered debates on its selectivity and involvement of the NMDAR subunits in bi-directional synaptic plasticity. Here, we re-examined the pharmacological properties of NMDARs in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC using NVP-AAM007 as well as ifenprodil, a selective antagonist for NR2B-containing NMDARs. By alternating sequence of drug application and examining different concentrations of NVP-AAM007, we found that the presence of NVP-AAM007 did not significantly affect the effect of ifenprodil on NMDAR-mediated EPSCs. These results suggest that NVP-AAM007 shows great preference for NR2A subunit and could be used as a selective antagonist for NR2A-containing NMDARs in the ACC.

Guía de implantación de un SGSI basado en la norma UNE-ISO/IEC 27001

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Martín, Manuel

2015-01-01

Guía para el análisis, desarrollo e implantación de un sistema de gestión de la seguridad de la información basado en la norma ISO 27001 en una empresa tecnológica. Guia per a l'anàlisi, desenvolupament i implantació d'un sistema de gestió de la seguretat de la informació basat en la norma ISO 27001 en una empresa tecnològica. Bachelor thesis for the Computer Science program.

LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES COMO NORMAS JURÍDICAS MATERIALES EN LA TEORÍA DE ROBERT ALEXY

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María Dolores Pérez Jaraba

2011-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN. La teoría de los derechos fundamentales de Robert Alexy se fundamenta en un concepto material de norma jurídica que es de carácter doble. Por un lado, se define por los rasgos propios de los principios, en consonancia con la idea de argumentación correcta. Pero, por otro lado, sigue teniendo peso la validez jurídica de las normas que contienen derechos fundamentales, consideradas como reglas constitucionales. Tal y como se argumenta en el trabajo, esta ambigüedad de la teoría de la norma de Alexy permite distintos acercamientos, positivistas y no positivistas, que es signo de su riqueza teórica. ABSTRACT. The theory of the civil rights of Robert Alexy is based on a material concept of rule of law. It is two-fold. On the one hand, is defined by the traits of the principles, consistent with the idea of ??correct argument. But on the other hand, weight is still the legal validity of the rules contained civil rights, constitutional rules considered. As argued in the work, this ambiguity of the norm theory allows for different approaches Alexy, positivist and positivist, which is a sign of its theoretical richness

Asas dan Norma Hukum Administrasi Negara Dalam Pembuatan Instrumen Pemerintahan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tubagus Muhammad Nasarudin

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Ketika membahas Indonesia sebagai negara hukum, maka turut pula mengkaji tugas-tugas administrasi pemerintahan dan negara, baik secara aturan hukum tertulis dalam konstitusi atau aturan yang terkumpul di hukum konstitusi. Namun demikian, untuk pelaksanaan isu-isu yang bersifat teknis, hukum konstitusi belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan secara efektif. Mengingat negara adalah organisasi kekuasaan, maka Hukum Administrasi Negara (HAN dibutuhkan sebagai instrumen untuk memantau penggunaan kekuasaan pemerintahan. Kajian ini mengakomodir dua permasalahan, yaitu batasan definitif dari peraturan perundang-undangan, kebijakan, dan keputusan menurut HAN dan asas-asas dan norma-norma HAN dalam pembuatan peraturan perundang-undangan, peraturan kebijakan, dan keputusan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan hukum normatif atau studi pustaka hukum. Hasil studi ini menyatakan bahwa Peraturan adalah hukum yang in abstracto atau general norm yang sifatnya mengikat umum (berlaku umum dan tugasnya adalah mengatur hal-hal yang bersifat umum (general. Sementara Peraturan kebijakan hanya berfungsi sebagai bagian dari operasional penyelenggaraan tugas-tugas pemerintahan, karenanya tidak dapat mengubah ataupun menyimpangi peraturan perundang-undangan. Akhirnya, klausul pengaman (veiligheidsclausule pada suatu keputusan dapat disimpulkan sebagai hal yang tidak bermanfaat dan mubazir, sebab dapat menggoyahkan sendi-sendi kepastian hukum. Karena rumusan seperti ini, di satu sisi bertentangan dengan asas kepastian hukum dan di sisi lain bertentangan dengan asas praduga rechtmatig.

ANÁLISE SOBRE AS NORMAS E DOS INDICADORES DE SUSTENTABILIDADE E A SUA INTEGRAÇÃO PARA GESTÃO CORPORATIVA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre André Feil

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O conceito da sustentabilidade e as normas de qualidade desafiam corporações e pesquisadores para a criação de modelos produtivos que contemplam a sustentabilidade sob os aspectos ambientais, sociais e econômicos, apoiados na teoria do triple-botton line. Este artigo tem o objetivo de relacionar as normas de qualidade (certificações e os métodos de sustentabilidade corporativa comparando a integração dos sistemas de gestão ambiental e gestão gerencial. Utilizou-se metodologia qualitativa com perspectivas na abordagem bibliográfica e descritiva, buscando as principais normas de qualidade utilizadas nas corporações globais e os modelos de mensuração da sustentabilidade na concepção dos principais cientistas e pesquisadores. Identificou-se que há grande aderência das normas de qualidade e à sustentabilidade corporativa, sendo contemplados em ambos os casos a ligação entre os aspectos ambientais, sociais e econômicos. No entanto, constata-se a divergência entre as partes quanto ao consenso de um modelo de sustentabilidade de utilização global. Sugere-se que os gestores das corporações possam realizar a integração entre a gestão das normas de qualidade e a sustentabilidade, e em conseqüência, reduzir os custos, a mão de obra e o tempo, a fim de agregar maior eficiência nos controles internos das corporações e do monitoramento dos Stakeholders.

MEDICINA Y DERECHO EL CONTROL DE LA VIDA Y LA MUERTE DEL INDIVIDUO, DESDE LA NORMA

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Yolanda M. Guerra García

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo desarrolla la idea de cómo el Derecho hace parte de absolutamente todos los estadios en la vida de un individuo; todo, en relación con la vida, la muerte y lo que sucede en el intermedio está reglado por el Derecho. Todo está juridizado por el derecho, a través de normas: la vida y la muerte, la enfermedad, los tratamientos médicos y las posiciones éticas que debe asumir el médico frente a su paciente. Cuál es la conveniencia de que personas imperfectas que hacen las normas con intereses particulares y teniendo que pagar a quienes los subieron al poder diversos tipos de favores, sean quienes propongan los procedimientos y decisiones que deben tomarse en casos de vital importancia en la vida de las personas, como por ejemplo el caso de la eutanasia? Podría la ética o la bioética tener mayor relevancia en los casos importantes en donde la norma que regula la gerencia de la vida (biojurídica se queda corta sobre todo en las discusiones biopolíticas?.

LENRA as compatibilizer in NR/HDPE blends

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dahlan Mohd; Mahathir Mohamed

2006-01-01

Polymer blends of 60/40 NR/RDPE were prepared using Brabender PL2000 Plasticorder with 60 g capacity. The blends were added with radiation-sensitive natural rubber (NR)-based compatibilizer, known as LENRA. They were irradiated with electron-beam radiation at various doses. The efficacy of the compatibilizer was monitored by measuring various properties of the blends such as physical and dynamic mechanical properties including morphological studies by electron microscopic technique. Early results show that the addition of LENRA improves the properties of the TPNR blends. (Author)

Molecular pathways: the role of NR4A orphan nuclear receptors in cancer.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Mohan, Helen M

2012-06-15

Nuclear receptors are of integral importance in carcinogenesis. Manipulation of classic ligand-activated nuclear receptors, such as estrogen receptor blockade in breast cancer, is an important established cancer therapy. Orphan nuclear receptors, such as nuclear family 4 subgroup A (NR4A) receptors, have no known natural ligand(s). These elusive receptors are increasingly recognized as molecular switches in cell survival and a molecular link between inflammation and cancer. NR4A receptors act as transcription factors, altering expression of downstream genes in apoptosis (Fas-ligand, TRAIL), proliferation, DNA repair, metabolism, cell migration, inflammation (interleukin-8), and angiogenesis (VEGF). NR4A receptors are modulated by multiple cell-signaling pathways, including protein kinase A\\/CREB, NF-κB, phosphoinositide 3-kinase\\/AKT, c-jun-NH(2)-kinase, Wnt, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. NR4A receptor effects are context and tissue specific, influenced by their levels of expression, posttranslational modification, and interaction with other transcription factors (RXR, PPAR-Υ). The subcellular location of NR4A "nuclear receptors" is also important functionally; novel roles have been described in the cytoplasm where NR4A proteins act both indirectly and directly on the mitochondria to promote apoptosis via Bcl-2. NR4A receptors are implicated in a wide variety of malignancies, including breast, lung, colon, bladder, and prostate cancer; glioblastoma multiforme; sarcoma; and acute and\\/or chronic myeloid leukemia. NR4A receptors modulate response to conventional chemotherapy and represent an exciting frontier for chemotherapeutic intervention, as novel agents targeting NR4A receptors have now been developed. This review provides a concise clinical overview of current knowledge of NR4A signaling in cancer and the potential for therapeutic manipulation.

Genome-wide identification of nuclear receptor (NR) genes and the evolutionary significance of the NR1O subfamily in the monogonont rotifer Brachionus spp.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Duck-Hyun; Kim, Hui-Su; Hwang, Dae-Sik; Kim, Hee-Jin; Hagiwara, Atsushi; Lee, Jae-Seong; Jeong, Chang-Bum

2017-10-01

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large family of transcription factors that are involved in many fundamental biological processes. NRs are considered to have originated from a common ancestor, and are highly conserved throughout the whole animal taxa. Therefore, the genome-wide identification of NR genes in an animal taxon can provide insight into the evolutionary tendencies of NRs. Here, we identified all the NR genes in the monogonont rotifer Brachionus spp., which are considered an ecologically key species due to their abundance and world-wide distribution. The NR family was composed of 40, 32, 29, and 32 genes in the genomes of the rotifers B. calyciflorus, B. koreanus, B. plicatilis, and B. rotundiformis, respectively, which were classified into seven distinct subfamilies. The composition of each subfamily was highly conserved between species, except for NR1O genes, suggesting that they have undergone sporadic evolutionary processes for adaptation to their different environmental pressures. In addition, despite the dynamics of NR evolution, the significance of the conserved endocrine system, particularly for estrogen receptor (ER)-signaling, in rotifers was discussed on the basis of phylogenetic analyses. The results of this study may help provide a better understanding the evolution of NRs, and expand our knowledge of rotifer endocrine systems. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Distinct expression of synaptic NR2A and NR2B in the central nervous system and impaired morphine tolerance and physical dependence in mice deficient in postsynaptic density-93 protein

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Johns Roger A

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Postsynaptic density (PSD-93, a neuronal scaffolding protein, binds to and clusters N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR subunits NR2A and NR2B at cellular membranes in vitro. However, the roles of PSD-93 in synaptic NR2A and NR2B targeting in the central nervous system and NMDAR-dependent physiologic and pathologic processes are still unclear. We report here that PSD-93 deficiency significantly decreased the amount of NR2A and NR2B in the synaptosomal membrane fractions derived from spinal cord dorsal horn and forebrain cortex but did not change their levels in the total soluble fraction from either region. However, PSD-93 deficiency did not markedly change the amounts of NR2A and NR2B in either synaptosomal or total soluble fractions from cerebellum. In mice deficient in PSD-93, morphine dose-dependent curve failed to shift significantly rightward as it did in wild type (WT mice after acute and chronic morphine challenge. Unlike WT mice, PSD-93 knockout mice also showed marked losses of NMDAR-dependent morphine analgesic tolerance and associated abnormal sensitivity in response to mechanical, noxious thermal, and formalin-induced inflammatory stimuli after repeated morphine injection. In addition, PSD-93 knockout mice displayed dramatic loss of jumping activity, a typical NMDAR-mediated morphine withdrawal abstinence behavior. These findings indicate that impaired NMDAR-dependent neuronal plasticity following repeated morphine injection in PSD-93 knockout mice is attributed to PSD-93 deletion-induced alterations of synaptic NR2A and NR2B expression in dorsal horn and forebrain cortex neurons. The selective effect of PSD-93 deletion on synaptic NMDAR expression in these two major pain-related regions might provide the better strategies for the prevention and treatment of opioid tolerance and physical dependence.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-PABE-15-0006 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-PABE-15-0006 sp|Q8NH41|OR4KF_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 4K15 dbj|BAC05798.1| sev...en transmembrane helix receptor [Homo sapiens] gb|EAW66492.1| olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily K, member 15 [Homo sapiens] Q8NH41 1e-173 96% ...

Genome-wide identification of nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus.

Science.gov (United States)

Hwang, Dae-Sik; Lee, Bo-Young; Kim, Hui-Su; Lee, Min Chul; Kyung, Do-Hyun; Om, Ae-Son; Rhee, Jae-Sung; Lee, Jae-Seong

2014-11-18

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large superfamily of proteins defined by a DNA-binding domain (DBD) and a ligand-binding domain (LBD). They function as transcriptional regulators to control expression of genes involved in development, homeostasis, and metabolism. The number of NRs differs from species to species, because of gene duplications and/or lineage-specific gene losses during metazoan evolution. Many NRs in arthropods interact with the ecdysteroid hormone and are involved in ecdysone-mediated signaling in arthropods. The nuclear receptor superfamily complement has been reported in several arthropods, including crustaceans, but not in copepods. We identified the entire NR repertoire of the copepod Tigriopus japonicus, which is an important marine model species for ecotoxicology and environmental genomics. Using whole genome and transcriptome sequences, we identified a total of 31 nuclear receptors in the genome of T. japonicus. Nomenclature of the nuclear receptors was determined based on the sequence similarities of the DNA-binding domain (DBD) and ligand-binding domain (LBD). The 7 subfamilies of NRs separate into five major clades (subfamilies NR1, NR2, NR3, NR4, and NR5/6). Although the repertoire of NR members in, T. japonicus was similar to that reported for other arthropods, there was an expansion of the NR1 subfamily in Tigriopus japonicus. The twelve unique nuclear receptors identified in T. japonicus are members of NR1L. This expansion may be a unique lineage-specific feature of crustaceans. Interestingly, E78 and HR83, which are present in other arthropods, were absent from the genomes of T. japonicus and two congeneric copepod species (T. japonicus and Tigriopus californicus), suggesting copepod lineage-specific gene loss. We identified all NR receptors present in the copepod, T. japonicus. Knowledge of the copepod nuclear receptor repertoire will contribute to a better understanding of copepod- and crustacean-specific NR evolution.

LENRA as compatibilizer in NR/HDPE blends

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahathir Mohamed; Dahlan Mohd

2004-01-01

Polymer blends of 60/40 NR/HDPE were prepared using Brabender PL2000 plasticorder with 60g capacity. The blends were added with radiation sensitive natural rubber (NR)-based compatibilizer, known as LENRA. They were irradiated in air with electron beam radiation at various doses. The efficacy of the compatibilizer was monitored by measuring various properties of the blends such as physical and dynamic mechanical properties including morphological studies by electron microscopic technique. Early results show that the addition of LENRA improves the properties of the TPNR blends. (Author)

The nuclear hormone receptor family member NR5A2 controls aspects of multipotent progenitor cell formation and acinar differentiation during pancreatic organogenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Hale, Michael A; Swift, Galvin H; Hoang, Chinh Q; Deering, Tye G; Masui, Toshi; Lee, Youn-Kyoung; Xue, Jumin; MacDonald, Raymond J

2014-08-01

The orphan nuclear receptor NR5A2 is necessary for the stem-like properties of the epiblast of the pre-gastrulation embryo and for cellular and physiological homeostasis of endoderm-derived organs postnatally. Using conditional gene inactivation, we show that Nr5a2 also plays crucial regulatory roles during organogenesis. During the formation of the pancreas, Nr5a2 is necessary for the expansion of the nascent pancreatic epithelium, for the subsequent formation of the multipotent progenitor cell (MPC) population that gives rise to pre-acinar cells and bipotent cells with ductal and islet endocrine potential, and for the formation and differentiation of acinar cells. At birth, the NR5A2-deficient pancreas has defects in all three epithelial tissues: a partial loss of endocrine cells, a disrupted ductal tree and a >90% deficit of acini. The acinar defects are due to a combination of fewer MPCs, deficient allocation of those MPCs to pre-acinar fate, disruption of acinar morphogenesis and incomplete acinar cell differentiation. NR5A2 controls these developmental processes directly as well as through regulatory interactions with other pancreatic transcriptional regulators, including PTF1A, MYC, GATA4, FOXA2, RBPJL and MIST1 (BHLHA15). In particular, Nr5a2 and Ptf1a establish mutually reinforcing regulatory interactions and collaborate to control developmentally regulated pancreatic genes by binding to shared transcriptional regulatory regions. At the final stage of acinar cell development, the absence of NR5A2 affects the expression of Ptf1a and its acinar specific partner Rbpjl, so that the few acinar cells that form do not complete differentiation. Nr5a2 controls several temporally distinct stages of pancreatic development that involve regulatory mechanisms relevant to pancreatic oncogenesis and the maintenance of the exocrine phenotype. © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

The mechanical properties of radiation-vulcanized NR/BR blending system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yan Aoshuang E-mail: yanas@public3.bta.net.cn; Guo Zhengtao; Li Li; Zhai Ying; Zhou Peng

2002-03-01

The effect of radiation dose on the mechanical properties of NR/BR blending system is reported in this paper. A comparison was made between sulphur vulcanization and radiation vulcanization for an optimal nature rubber (NR)/ butyl rubber (BR) blending ratio (60/40) at dose range from 10 to 150 kGy. The result shows that the mechanical properties, especially, tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength have been improved significantly by radiation-vulcanization. This finding was also proved by thermal aging experiment on a selected NR/BR blend at 70 deg. C for up to 168 h.

A Norma de Qualidade e os desafios que se colocam ao turismo industrial

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Cordeiro, José Manuel Lopes

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Nas últimas décadas tem-se registado uma cada vez maior diversificação da oferta turística, com o surgimento de novos segmentos, entre os quais o do turismo industrial, ou seja, o aproveitamento turístico do património industrial, contemplando também visitas a fábricas em atividade. A constituição em 2013, pelo Turismo de Portugal, de um Grupo de Trabalho para a elaboração de uma Norma de Qualidade para o Turismo Industrial constituiu um acontecimento relevante nesta área e contribuirá, seguramente, para uma considerável melhoria da qualidade da sua oferta turística. Neste artigo, o autor efetuará uma análise desta Norma e debaterá os desafios que a mesma coloca para garantir boas práticas no domínio deste tipo de oferta turística.

Norma Z39.50, actualidad, posibilidades. ¿Es necesario un cambio de actitud?

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de la Rosa Piñero, A.

1998-12-01

Full Text Available Z39.50 standard based systems technology offers many quite promising possibilities for the future: systems connectivity, retrieval of high structured information, redefinition of applications (as search engines, agents and so forth, integration within proprietary software, online or CD-ROM publishing systems, protocols... However, the situation nowadays is very little advantageous in order to develop Z39.50 based systems. This paper analyses the range of possibilities offered by the mentioned standard

La tecnología de los sistemas basados en la norma Z39.50 ofrece numerosas posibilidades, a priori bastante prometedoras. Conectividad de sistemas, recuperación de información muy estructurada, redefinición de aplicaciones (robots de búsqueda, agentes..., integración con sistemas propietarios, edición online y CD-ROM, protocolos... Sin embargo, en la actualidad se está favoreciendo muy poco el desarrollo de sistemas basados en esta norma. En este artículo se analizan las diversas posibilidades que ofrece la misma.

Combined serial analysis of gene expression and transcription factor binding site prediction identifies novel-candidate-target genes of Nr2e1 in neocortex development.

Science.gov (United States)

Schmouth, Jean-François; Arenillas, David; Corso-Díaz, Ximena; Xie, Yuan-Yun; Bohacec, Slavita; Banks, Kathleen G; Bonaguro, Russell J; Wong, Siaw H; Jones, Steven J M; Marra, Marco A; Simpson, Elizabeth M; Wasserman, Wyeth W

2015-07-24

Nr2e1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group e, member 1) encodes a transcription factor important in neocortex development. Previous work has shown that nuclear receptors can have hundreds of target genes, and bind more than 300 co-interacting proteins. However, recognition of the critical role of Nr2e1 in neural stem cells and neocortex development is relatively recent, thus the molecular mechanisms involved for this nuclear receptor are only beginning to be understood. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), has given researchers both qualitative and quantitative information pertaining to biological processes. Thus, in this work, six LongSAGE mouse libraries were generated from laser microdissected tissue samples of dorsal VZ/SVZ (ventricular zone and subventricular zone) from the telencephalon of wild-type (Wt) and Nr2e1-null embryos at the critical development ages E13.5, E15.5, and E17.5. We then used a novel approach, implementing multiple computational methods followed by biological validation to further our understanding of Nr2e1 in neocortex development. In this work, we have generated a list of 1279 genes that are differentially expressed in response to altered Nr2e1 expression during in vivo neocortex development. We have refined this list to 64 candidate direct-targets of NR2E1. Our data suggested distinct roles for Nr2e1 during different neocortex developmental stages. Most importantly, our results suggest a possible novel pathway by which Nr2e1 regulates neurogenesis, which includes Lhx2 as one of the candidate direct-target genes, and SOX9 as a co-interactor. In conclusion, we have provided new candidate interacting partners and numerous well-developed testable hypotheses for understanding the pathways by which Nr2e1 functions to regulate neocortex development.

Expression and Functional Pathway Analysis of Nuclear Receptor NR2F2 in Ovarian Cancer

Science.gov (United States)

Hawkins, Shannon M.; Loomans, Holli A.; Wan, Ying-Wooi; Ghosh-Choudhury, Triparna; Coffey, Donna; Xiao, Weimin; Liu, Zhandong; Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh

2013-01-01

Context: Recent evidence implicates the orphan nuclear receptor, nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 2 (NR2F2; chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II) as both a master regulator of angiogenesis and an oncogene in prostate and other human cancers. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether NR2F2 plays a role in ovarian cancer and dissect its potential mechanisms of action. Design, Setting, and Patients: We examined NR2F2 expression in healthy ovary and ovarian cancers using quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. NR2F2 expression was targeted in established ovarian cancer cell lines to assess the impact of dysregulated NR2F2 expression in the epithelial compartment of ovarian cancers. Results: Our results indicate that NR2F2 is robustly expressed in the stroma of healthy ovary with little or no expression in epithelia lining the ovarian surface, clefts, or crypts. This pattern of NR2F2 expression was markedly disrupted in ovarian cancers, in which decreased levels of stromal expression and ectopic epithelial expression were frequently observed. Ovarian cancers with the most disrupted patterns of NR2F2 were associated with significantly shorter disease-free interval by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Targeting NR2F2 expression in established ovarian cancer cell lines enhanced apoptosis and increased proliferation. In addition, we found that NR2F2 regulates the expression of NEK2, RAI14, and multiple other genes involved in the cell cycle, suggesting potential pathways by which dysregulated expression of NR2F2 impacts ovarian cancer. Conclusions: These results uncover novel roles for NR2F2 in ovarian cancer and point to a unique scenario in which a single nuclear receptor plays potentially distinct roles in the stromal and epithelial compartments of the same tissue. PMID:23690307

The Norm NOM-008-ENER-2001 offers an important saving option; La Norma NOM-008-ENER-2001 ofrece una importante opcion de ahorro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lalana, Emiliano Ramiro [Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de la Energia Electrica (Mexico)

2006-01-15

The Norm NOM-008-ENER-2001 no longer commands the efficient handling of energy from functional equipment or apparatuses but from a well planned architectural design that allows diminishing the energy use for cooling purposes, consequently this Norm refers to the conduction and radiation principles regulating the heat gain through the cover portions of a building. The Norm defines a reference theoretical building that will dictate the propitious heat gain for the projected buildings. Here the functioning logic of the Norm in respect to both principles is mathematically explained as well as an application example is developed considering the calculations made for the Norm's reference building and for the projected one, the final revision of the fulfillment of the norm, proposals of solutions and the conclusions. [Spanish] La Norma NOM-008-ENER-2001 comanda el manejo eficiente de energia electrica ya no a partir de equipos o aparatos funcionales sino a partir de un bien planeado diseno arquitectonico que permita disminuir el uso de energia para fines de enfriamiento. Por ende, esta norma se refiere a los principios de conduccion y radiacion regulando la ganancia de calor a traves de la envolvente y porciones de un edificio. La Norma define un edificio teorico de referencia que dictara la ganancia de calor propicia para los edificios proyectados. Aqui se explica matematicamente la logica de funcionamiento de la Norma respecto a ambos principios asi como se desarrolla un ejemplo de aplicacion que considera los calculos realizados para el edificio de referencia de la Norma y para el proyectado, la revision final del cumplimiento de la Norma, propuestas de solucion y conclusiones.

Adopción de las normas internacionales de información financiera (NIIF) en una empresa colombiana: lecciones aprendidas

OpenAIRE

Lucumí Córdoba, María del Socorro; Pérez Jaramillo, Viviana

2010-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Administración con énfasis en Finanzas). Universidad Icesi, 2010 El objetivo general del presente trabajo consiste en investigar, hacer un análisis y describir el proceso de adopción de normas internacionales por parte del grupo empresarial Bavaria S.A. Para cumplir con este propósito se plantearon los siguientes objetivos específicos: - Investigar bibliográficamente acerca de las normas internacionales de información financiera. - Investigar en la empr...

NR4A nuclear receptors are orphans but not lonesome

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kurakula, Kondababu; Koenis, Duco S.; van Tiel, Claudia M.; de Vries, Carlie J. M.

2014-01-01

The NR4A subfamily of nuclear receptors consists of three mammalian members: Nur77, Nurr1, and NOR-1. The NR4A receptors are involved in essential physiological processes such as adaptive and innate immune cell differentiation, metabolism and brain function. They act as transcription factors that

Reanimating Storywork: Indigenous Elders’ Reflections on Leadership by Norma Rose Point

OpenAIRE

Point, Norma Rose

2011-01-01

xwmuthkwey’um Musqueam Elder Norma Rose Point discusses the importance of child rearing, caring for others, and traditional values in relation to leadership. Point elaborates on how she has surpassed experiences of racism, and how she has learnt to understand racism. Themes: caring for others; role modelling; collective approach to leadership-intergenerational advisory; communication; positive self-concept; relationship to the land; racism; perseverance; practice, training; caring for heal...

¿Normas perversas en el ámbito educativo? Aportes de la psicología social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alicia Barreiro

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Desde una perspectiva psicosocial, el presente artículo se propone contribuir a la comprensión del funcionamiento de las normas en los contextos educativos argentinos y su relación con el clima social emocional. Este último refiere a las emociones colectivas que las personas perciben que prevalecen en sus relaciones con los otros y en sus contextos cotidianos. Específicamente, en el artículo se analiza la posibilidad de la existencia de normas perversas en la convivencia escolar, retomando los hallazgos de tres estudios que revelan este tipo de mecanismos en el sistema educativo. Finalmente se propone avanzar en el estudio de las consecuencias de la dinámica de dobles estándares que pueden considerarse en sí mismas situaciones de violencia y maltrato.

Characterisation of the human NMDA receptor subunit NR3A glycine binding site

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nilsson, A; Duan, J; Mo-Boquist, L-L

2007-01-01

In this study, we characterise the binding site of the human N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR3A. Saturation radioligand binding of the NMDA receptor agonists [(3)H]-glycine and [(3)H]-glutamate showed that only glycine binds to human NR3A (hNR3A) with high affinity (K(d)=535nM (277...

Proyección de la Norma Terminológica Internacional ISO 29383 en el contexto de las exportaciones colombianas

OpenAIRE

Juan Carlos Díaz Vásquez

2010-01-01

Objetivo: el presente artículo se propone exponer la aplicabilidad de la Norma Terminológica Internacional ISO 29383, y su influencia positiva, en el contexto de las exportaciones en Colombia. Por otro lado, busca mostrar parte del trabajo desarrollado en la tesis ''Aplicación de normas terminológicas internacionales en el sector exportador colombiano'', presentada en la Universidad de Viena, Austria. La sección que se expone en este artículo hace parte igualmente del trabajo al interior del ...

Modulation of NMDA Receptor Properties and Synaptic Transmission by the NR3A Subunit in Mouse Hippocampal and Cerebrocortical Neurons

Science.gov (United States)

Tong, Gary; Takahashi, Hiroto; Tu, Shichun; Shin, Yeonsook; Talantova, Maria; Zago, Wagner; Xia, Peng; Nie, Zhiguo; Goetz, Thomas; Zhang, Dongxian; Lipton, Stuart A.; Nakanishi, Nobuki

2015-01-01

Expression of the NR3A subunit with NR1/NR2 in Xenopus oocytes or mammalian cell lines leads to a reduction in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced currents and decreased Mg2+ sensitivity and Ca2+ permeability compared with NR1/NR2 receptors. Consistent with these findings, neurons from NR3A knockout (KO) mice exhibit enhanced NMDA-induced currents. Recombinant NR3A can also form excitatory glycine receptors with NR1 in the absence of NR2. However, the effects of NR3A on channel properties in neurons and synaptic transmission have not been fully elucidated. To study physiological roles of NR3A subunits, we generated NR3A transgenic (Tg) mice. Cultured NR3A Tg neurons exhibited two populations of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) channels, reduced Mg2+ sensitivity, and decreased Ca2+ permeability in response to NMDA/glycine, but glycine alone did not elicit excitatory currents. In addition, NMDAR-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in NR3A Tg hippocampal slices showed reduced Mg2+ sensitivity, consistent with the notion that NR3A subunits incorporated into synaptic NMDARs. To study the function of endogenous NR3A subunits, we compared NMDAR-mediated EPSCs in NR3A KO and WT control mice. In NR3A KO mice, the ratio of the amplitudes of the NMDAR-mediated component to α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isox-azolepropionic acid receptor-mediated component of the EPSC was significantly larger than that seen in WT littermates. This result suggests that NR3A subunits contributed to the NMDAR-mediated component of the EPSC in WT mice. Taken together, these results show that NR3A subunits contribute to NMDAR responses from both synaptic and extra-synaptic receptors, likely composed of NR1, NR2, and NR3 subunits. PMID:18003876

The roles of liquid epoxidized natural rubber acrylate (LENRA) as compatibiliser in NR/HDPE blends: structural studies by electron microscopy and SANS techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dahlan Mohd; Mahathir Mohamed; Abdul Aziz Mohamed

2006-01-01

Further works have been carried out to determine the roles of LENRA in inducing compatibility between immiscible blends of NR/HDPE 60/40. In addition to electron microscopy images, SANS technique has been used to determine the interface thickness between the blend components. Phase-separated structures of HDPE domain embedded in NR matrix were observed by electron microscopy technique. From the results so far, the combination of 15% LENRA and 200 kGy EB radiation gives us the best Porod plot indicating the more meaningful SANS results. (Author)

AVALIAÇÃO DO NÍVEL DE RUÍDO, ITENS DE SEGURANÇA E ERGONOMIA EM TRATORES AGRÍCOLAS / NOISE LEVEL EVALUATION, ITEMS SECURITY AND ERGONOMIC IN AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS

OpenAIRE

M. M. Baesso; M. Gazzola; S. Bernardes; E. Brandelero; A. Modolo

2015-01-01

O ruído das máquinas agrícolas, com o passar do tempo, pode provocar problemas auditivos nos operadores. De acordo com as normas regulamentadoras do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (NR 15), a exposição diária máxima permitida, durante uma jornada de trabalho de 8 horas, é de 85 decibels (dB (A)). Baseado neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os níveis de ruído emitidos por 12 tratores agrícolas de diferentes modelos e potências, bem como avaliar a existência de itens de er...

A PARTICIPAÇÃO DE ENTES INTERNACIONAIS NO PROCESSO DE CONSULTA PÚBLICA DA NORMA CONTÁBIL PÚBLICA INTERNACIONAL SOBRE ATIVOS INTANGÍVEIS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abner Ribeiro Salaroli

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A contabilidade pública segue na direção da contabilidade financeira buscando a convergência aos padrões internacionais, sendo a IFAC o organismo responsável pela emissão de normas internacionais de contabilidade pública. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de criação da norma contábil internacional sobre ativos intangíveis públicos. A análise foi realizada com base nas sugestões presentes em cartas-comentário enviadas no processo de consulta pública. Como base teórica usou-se a Teoria Tridimensional do Direito de Miguel Reale, em que fato, valor e norma estão sempre presentes e correlacionados no processo de criação de normas. A população da pesquisa refere-se às sugestões das 19 cartas enviadas, todavia, a amostra final foi de 117 sugestões contidas em 18 documentos, que sofreram análise de conteúdo. Das 117 sugestões levantadas, 51 contribuições (44% foram de alguma maneira consideradas para elaboração da versão final da norma. Ressalta-se a participação da Accounting Standards Board (África do Sul e da KPMG como os entes que mais forneceram contribuições. As evidências sugerem que a participação tanto de organismos públicos como de entidades privadas no processo de consulta pública pode contribuir para emissão de uma norma moldada de forma a ser implementada por diferentes países.

Crosslinked bicontinuous biobased PLA/NR blends via dynamic vulcanization using different curing systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Yuan, Daosheng; Chen, Kunling; Xu, Chuanhui; Chen, Zhonghua; Chen, Yukun

2014-11-26

In this study, blends of entirely biosourced polymers, namely polylactide (PLA) and natural rubber (NR), were prepared through dynamic vulcanization using dicumyl peroxide (DCP), sulphur (S) and phenolic resin (2402) as curing agents, respectively. The crosslinked NR phase was found to be a continuous structure in all the prepared blends. The molecular weight changes of PLA were studied by gel permeation chromatography. Interfacial compatibilization between PLA and NR was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The thermal properties of blends were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis instrument. It was found that the molecular weight of PLA and interfacial compatibilizaion between PLA and NR showed a significant influence on the mechanical and thermal properties of blends. The PLA/NR blend (60/40 w/w) by DCP-induced dynamic vulcanization owned the finest mechanical properties and thermal stability. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Radiation cross-linking of small electrical wire insulator fabricated from NR/LDPE blends

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Siri-Upathum, Chyagrit [Department of Nuclear Technology, Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand)], E-mail: chyagrit@chula.ac.th; Punnachaiya, Suvit [Department of Nuclear Technology, Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330 (Thailand)

2007-12-15

A low voltage, radiation-crosslinked wire insulator has been fabricated from blends of natural rubber block (STR-5L) and LDPE with phthalic anhydride (PA) as a compatibilizer. Physical properties of the NR/LDPE blend ratios of 50/50 and 60/40 with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% PA were evaluated. The gel content increased as the radiation dose increased. Tensile at break exhibited a maximum value of 12 MPa at 120 kGy for 1.0 and 1.5 wt% PA of both blend ratios. A higher PA content yielded a higher modulus for the same blend ratio. Blends of 60/40 ratio with 1.0 wt% PA and 0.8 wt% antimony oxide flame retardant gave the highest limiting oxygen index (LOI) of >30% at above 150 kGy. Other electrical properties of the wire insulator were investigated. It was found that an insulator fabricated from a PA content of 1.0 wt% in the NR/LDPE blend ratio of 50/50, after gamma ray cross-linked at a dose of 180 kGy in low vacuum (1 mm Hg), met the Thai Industrial Standard 11-2531 for low voltage wire below 1.0 kV. To comply with the standard for vertical flame test, a more suitable flame retardant was needed for the insulator.

Research on non-destructive testing (NDT) aerospace igniter fuse with neutron radiography (NR)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mo Dawei; Liu Yisi; Cai Qingsheng; Chen Boxian

1995-01-01

The research works, facilities and results of NDT aerospace igniter fuse with neutron radiography at Tsinghua University swimming-pool reactor are introduced. The image quality (NR) of ASTM E545-85 I level was approached. The NR experimental research of the typical and possible defects was performed. The theoretical analysis was performed too. The feasibility of NDT aerospace igniter fuse with NR was proved experimentally

Nitrate reductase 15N discrimination in Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays, Aspergillus niger, Pichea angusta, and Escherichia coli

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eli eCarlisle

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Stable 15N isotopes have been used to examine movement of nitrogen (N through various pools of the global N cycle. A central reaction in the cycle involves nitrate (NO3– reduction to nitrite (NO2– catalyzed via nitrate reductase (NR. Discrimination against 15N by NR is a major determinant of isotopic differences among N pools. Here, we measured in vitro 15N discrimination by several NRs purified from plants, fungi, and a bacterium to determine the intrinsic 15N discrimination by the enzyme and to evaluate the validity of measurements made using 15N-enriched NO3–. Observed NR isotope discrimination ranged from 22‰ to 32‰ (kinetic isotope effects of 1.022 to 1.032 among the different isozymes at natural abundance 15N (0.37%. As the fractional 15N content of substrate NO3– increased from natural abundance, the product 15N fraction deviated significantly from that expected based on substrate enrichment and 15N discrimination measured at natural abundance. Additionally, isotopic discrimination by denitrifying bacteria used to reduce NO3– and NO2– in some protocols became a greater source of error as 15N enrichment increased. We briefly discuss potential causes of artifactual results with enriched 15N and recommend against the use of highly enriched 15N tracers to study N discrimination in plants or soils.

The Value of Serum NR2 Antibody in Prediction of Post-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Survival

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Ali Bidari

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits antibody (NR2-ab is a sensitive marker of ischemic brain damage in clinical circumstances, such as cerebrovascular accidents. We aimed to assess the value of serum NR2-ab in predicting the post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR survival. Methods: In this cohort study, we examined serum NR2-ab levels 1 hour after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC in 49 successfully resuscitated patients. Patients with traumatic or asphyxic arrests, prior neurological insults, or major medical illnesses were excluded. Participants were followed until death or hospital discharge. Demographic data, coronary artery disease risk factors, time before initiation of CPR, and CPR duration were documented.  In addition, Glasgow coma scale (GCS, blood pressure, and survival status of patients were recorded at 1, 6, 24, and 72 hour(s after ROSC. Descriptive analyses were performed, and the Cox proportional hazard model was applied to assess if NR2-ab level is an independent predictive factor of survival. Results: 49 successfully resuscitated patients were evaluated; 27 (55% survived to hospital discharge, 4 (8.1% were in vegetative state, 10 (20.4% were physically disabled, and 13 (26.5% were physically functional. Within 72 hours of ROSC all of the 12 NR2-ab positive patients died. In contrast, 31 (84% of the NR2-ab negative patients survived. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios of NR2-ab in prediction of survival were 54.5% (95%CI=32.7%-74.9%, 100% (95%CI=84.5%-100%, infinite, and 45.5% (95%CI=28.8%-71.8%, respectively. Subsequent analysis showed that both NR2-ab status and GCS were independent risk factors of death. Conclusions: A positive NR2-ab serum test 1 hour after ROSC correlated with lower 72-hour survival. Further studies are required to validate this finding and demonstrate the value of a quantitative NR2-ab assay and its optimal time of measurement.

Fluxes of total reactive atmospheric nitrogen (ΣNr using eddy covariance above arable land

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Christophe R. Flechard

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The amount and timing of reactive nitrogen exchange between agricultural land and the atmosphere play a key role in evaluating ecosystem productivity and in addressing atmospheric nitrogen budgets and transport. With the recent development of the Total Reactive Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter (TRANC apparatus, a methodology has been provided for continuous measurement of the sum of all airborne nitrogen containing species (ΣNr allowing for diurnal and seasonal investigations. We present ΣNr concentration and net flux data from an 11-month field campaign conducted at an arable field using the TRANC system within an eddy-covariance setup. Clear diurnal patterns of both ΣNr concentrations and fluxes with significant dependencies on atmospheric stability and stomatal regulation were observed in the growing season. TRANC data were compared with monthly-averaged concentrations and dry deposition rates of selected Nr compounds using DELTA denuders and ensemble-averages of four inferential models, respectively. Similar seasonal trends were found for Nr concentrations from DELTA and TRANC measurements with values from the latter being considerably higher than those of DELTA denuders. The variability of the difference between these two systems could be explained by seasonally changing source locations of NOx contributions to the TRANC signal. As soil and vegetation Nr emissions to the atmosphere are generally not treated by inferential (dry deposition models, TRANC data showed lower monthly deposition rates than those obtained from inferential modelling. Net ΣNr exchange was almost neutral (~0.072 kg N ha−1 at the end of the observation period. However, during most parts of the year, slight but permanent net ΣNr deposition was found. Our measurements demonstrate that fertilizer addition followed by substantial ΣNr emissions plays a crucial role in a site's annual atmospheric nitrogen budget. As long-term Nr measurements with high temporal

Iterative use of nuclear receptor Nr5a2 regulates multiple stages of liver and pancreas development

Science.gov (United States)

Nissim, Sahar; Weeks, Olivia; Talbot, Jared C.; Hedgepeth, John W.; Wucherpfennig, Julia; Schatzman-Bone, Stephanie; Swinburne, Ian; Cortes, Mauricio; Alexa, Kristen; Megason, Sean; North, Trista E.; Amacher, Sharon L.; Goessling, Wolfram

2016-01-01

The stepwise progression of common endoderm progenitors into differentiated liver and pancreas organs is regulated by a dynamic array of signals that are not well understood. The nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2 gene nr5a2, also known as Liver receptor homolog-1 (Lrh-1) is expressed in several tissues including the developing liver and pancreas. Here, we interrogate the role of Nr5a2 at multiple developmental stages using genetic and chemical approaches and uncover novel pleiotropic requirements during zebrafish liver and pancreas development. Zygotic loss of nr5a2 in a targeted genetic null mutant disrupted the development of the exocrine pancreas and liver, while leaving the endocrine pancreas intact. Loss of nr5a2 abrogated exocrine pancreas markers such as trypsin, while pancreas progenitors marked by ptf1a or pdx1 remained unaffected, suggesting a role for Nr5a2 in regulating pancreatic acinar cell differentiation. In the developing liver, Nr5a2 regulates hepatic progenitor outgrowth and differentiation, as nr5a2 mutants exhibited reduced hepatoblast markers hnf4α and prox1 as well as differentiated hepatocyte marker fabp10a. Through the first in vivo use of Nr5a2 chemical antagonist Cpd3, the iterative requirement for Nr5a2 for exocrine pancreas and liver differentiation was temporally elucidated: chemical inhibition of Nr5a2 function during hepatopancreas progenitor specification was sufficient to disrupt exocrine pancreas formation and enhance the size of the embryonic liver, suggesting that Nr5a2 regulates hepatic versus pancreatic progenitor fate choice. Chemical inhibition of Nr5a2 at a later time during pancreas and liver differentiation was sufficient to block the formation of mature acinar cells and hepatocytes. These findings define critical iterative and pleiotropic roles for Nr5a2 at distinct stages of pancreas and liver organogenesis, and provide novel perspectives for interpreting the role of Nr5a2 in disease. PMID:27474396

Cálculo de elementos de vidrio en edificación: propuesta de norma española

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernández Canteli, A.

2007-04-01

Full Text Available This paper reports on a probabilistic model for design of glass plates and the procedure to determine the allowable load of specified types of glass, as a proposal for a new Spanish code for structural glass. After the experimental material characterization, the design model, implemented in the Windesign software, allows the user to calculate either the probability of failure of a monolithic glass plate for a given dimensions and specific loading, or to determine the plate thickness needed to withstand a known loading for a given probability of failure. Moreover, a comparative analysis among the results obtained by the model proposed here and the current foreign glass design standards, such as the American ASTM E 1300-02, the Italian UNI 7143-72, the French NFP 78-201-1 and the New Zealander NZS 4223 is presented.

El presente artículo describe un modelo probabilístico de cálculo de placas de vidrio y el procedimiento que permite la determinación de la carga admisible en determinados tipos de vidrio, como propuesta de una nueva norma española de vidrio estructural. Una vez caracterizado el material, el modelo, implementado en el programa Windesign, permite el cálculo de la probabilidad de fallo para una placa de vidrio monolítico de dimensiones dadas sometida a una determinada carga, o en su caso, la determinación del espesor de placa capaz de resistir una carga conocida para una probabilidad de fallo dada. Asimismo se presenta un estudio comparativo entre los resultados obtenidos para el modelo aquí propuesto y varias normas extranjeras de vidrio, tales como la norma americana ASTM E 1300-02, la italiana UNI 7143-72, la francesa NFP 78-201-1 y la neozelandesa NZS 4223. Palabras clave: Vidrio estructural; Modelo probabilística; Mecánica de fractura; Norma de cálculo.

A FORÇA NORMATIVA DA CONSTITUIÇÃO E A EFICÁCIA DAS NORMAS CONSTITUCIONAIS NO DIREITO BRASILEIRO

OpenAIRE

Dantas, Eduardo Sousa

2010-01-01

O princípio da força normativa da Constituição determina a pretensão de eficácia das normas constitucionais.  Inobstante, a distinção sobre os diversos tipos de eficácia das normas constitucionais impede a efetivação desse princípio e ocasiona crises constitucionais, gerando a necessidade de revisitação da delimitação desse princípio.  É o que vem se verificando na doutrina e jurisprudência brasileira.  Nos moldes em que vem sendo atualmente aplicado, o princípio da força normativa serve como...

Norma Arrostito. Mujer política. Su construcción subjetiva desde la militancia Montonera

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leandro Diego Basanta Crespo

2013-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2013v10n1p89 O artículo aborda la experiencia de la militancia política de Norma Arrostito, desde donde se visualizan conflictos y problemáticas entre sus aspectos personales y la organización política Montoneros. La relevancia de este estudio surgió en pensar a Norma Arrostito como uno de los muchos capítulos relegados de la vida política de los años setenta. Siendo un personaje mítico y paradójico, sentí necesario lograr una comprensión de su figura y su militancia en esos años. Desde este punto se tomó en cuenta para el análisis: la construcción de su figura en la militancia política, su participación en la organización Montoneros, los límites que la organización Político-Militar le impone y el entrelazamiento de todos estos temas con su condición de mujer, la violencia y el contexto político de los años 70´. El período de análisis de mi trabajo fue desde la aparición pública de Norma Arrostito por el secuestro de Aramburu (29 de mayo de 1970 hasta su detención (2 de diciembre de 1976. Su progresiva marginación de la conducción nacional ¿Se fundamenta en cuestiones propias de su personalidad o bien, ella es una expresión más de las desigualdades entre los géneros dentro de la organización Montoneros?  La imposibilidad de torcer las decisiones de la organización Montoneros tal vez hicieron a Norma Arrostito presa de un destino que desde algún punto eligió, sin olvidarse que cualquier ser humano es el producto de sus prácticas sociales. Y partiendo de esta última afirmación, la subordinación femenina estuvo siempre presente.

A CONTABILIDADE COMOAPOIO PARAAGERAÇÃO DE INFORMAÇÕES SOCIAIS APLICADAS À NORMA SA 8000: UM ESTUDO DE CASO

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Maristela Mercedes Bauer

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo foi desenvolvido através da aplicação de uma lista de verificação construída com o auxílio da contabilidade, para verificar os requisitos necessários para a certificação pela norma SA 8000. A revisão de literatura da pesquisa abordou a contabilidade como sistema de informações apoiando a gestão em resposta a necessidade de informações. A norma SA 8000, com foco na responsabilidade social coorporativa, prescreve, como questão básica, o atendimento às convenções da OIT (Organização Internacional do Trabalho, à Declaração dos Direitos Humanos e à Declaração Universal dos Direitos da Criança. Dentro do preceito inicial de atender à legislação, a norma menciona os seguintes requisitos: trabalho infantil, trabalho forçado, saúde e segurança, liberdade de associação e direito à negociação coletiva, discriminação, práticas disciplinares, horário de trabalho, remuneração e sistema de gestão. Constatou-se também que a contabilidade, representada por contadores gerenciais, auxiliará a área de recursos humanos da empresa a realizar uma auditoria. Palavras-chave: Contabilidade. Responsabilidade Social. Requisitos da norma. Auditoria.

NR2A contributes to genesis and propagation of cortical spreading depression in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Bu, Fan; Du, Ruoxing; Li, Yi; Quinn, John P; Wang, Minyan

2016-03-22

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a transient propagating excitation of synaptic activity followed by depression, which is implicated in migraine. Increasing evidence points to an essential role of NR2A-containing NMDA receptors in CSD propagation in vitro; however, whether these receptors mediate CSD genesis in vivo requires clarification and the role of NR2A on CSD propagation is still under debate. Using in vivo CSD in rats with electrophysiology and in vitro CSD in chick retina with intrinsic optical imaging, we addressed the role of NR2A in CSD. We demonstrated that NVP-AAM077, a potent antagonist for NR2A-containing receptors, perfused through microdialysis probes, markedly reduced cortex susceptibility to CSD, but also reduced magnitude of CSD genesis in rats. Additionally, NVP-AAM077 at 0.3 nmol perfused into the contralateral ventricle, considerably suppressed the magnitude of CSD propagation wave and propagation rate in rats. This reduction in CSD propagation was also observed with TCN-201, a negative allosteric modulator selective for NR2A, at 3 μM, in the chick retina. Our data provides strong evidence that NR2A subunit contributes to CSD genesis and propagation, suggesting drugs selectively antagonizing NR2A-containing receptors might constitute a highly specific strategy treating CSD associated migraine with a likely better safety profile.

Menores y acceso a Internet en el hogar: las normas familiares Internet Access by Minors at Home: Usage Norms Imposed by Parents

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mercè Morey López

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza el establecimiento de normas por parte de los progenitores a sus hijos sobre la utilización de Internet en los hogares. Los datos se han obtenido mediante encuestación sobre una muestra representativa de los menores de las Islas Baleares de entre 6 y 16 años, habiéndose analizado las siguientes dimensiones: acceso de los menores a Internet desde el hogar; grado de autonomía o acompañamiento en la navegación; normativización impuesta en el hogar por parte de sus padres y madres; tipos de normas impuestas; relación entre normas y género; valoración de los menores de los conocimientos y habilidades de sus progenitores para navegar por Internet y, finalmente, el acompañamiento de los padres y madres a la hora de navegar por Internet. Se constata que poco más del 53% de los menores de entre 6 y 14 años, y del 62% de los de 15 y 16 años navegan a través de Internet sin que sus progenitores les establezcan limitaciones. Cuando establecen algún tipo de normas, éstas se refieren, principalmente, a restricciones de carácter temporal. Por tanto, se infiere que los padres y madres no son conscientes de los peligros de la Red o que, al menos, actúan de forma poco razonable. Ello muestra la necesidad de sensibilizar y formar a las familias para que asuman su responsabilidad educativa.This paper examines and discusses the rules and standards set by parents for their children on Internet usage at home. Data that supports the paper have been obtained by surveying a representative sample of children in the Balearic Islands aged between 6 and 16 years; the analysis dimensions are: access by minors to the Internet from home; location of the computer from which have online access; level of autonomy or accompaniment while surfing the Net; norms imposed by their parents; types of rules imposed; relationship between norms and gender; the minors’ opinion and assessment of the knowledge and abilities of their parents on use of

PENERAPAN NORMA DAN ASAS-ASAS HUKUM ADAT DALAM PRAKTIK PERADILAN PERDATA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mr. Sulastriyono

2012-07-01

Full Text Available This research was descriptive research. Secondary and primary data were analysed qualitatively. The result of the research shows that mostly, the application of adat law norm and principles appear in the domain of private, contract, marital, and inheritance law. The adat law norms which are frequently used as judge considerations are the right of spouse on the matrimonial property, the guardian of a child under his mother, and the status of ex-wife as the heir of her former husband. We also identify a number of adat law principles, which include the clear (terang, cash (tunai, real (konkret and familiarity (kekeluargaan. Application of adat law is necessary owing to the normative legislative obligation. In practice, judges need to ensure that adat law norms are consistent with the applicable civil procedure. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, yaitu melukiskan fakta obyek penelitian. Data primer dan sekunder dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa norma hukum adat yang dijadikan dasar pertimbangan putusan hakim adalah istri berhak atas harta bersama, anak kecil diasuh ibu yang bercerai, dan istri adalah ahli waris mendiang suaminya. Asas hukum adat yang mendasari putusan hakim mencakup asas terang, tunai, konkrit dan kekeluargaan. Alasan hakim menerapkan norma dan asas hukum adat dikarenakan kewajiban normatif dari undang-undang dan dalam upaya membentuk yurisprudensi. Namun, praktiknya tidak mudah sehingga hakim harus melakukan harmonisasi ke dalam hukum acara positif.

Identification of NR4A2 as a transcriptional activator of IL-8 expression in human inflammatory arthritis.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Aherne, Carol M

2009-10-01

Expression of the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A2 is controlled by pro-inflammatory mediators, suggesting that NR4A2 may contribute to pathological processes in the inflammatory lesion. This study identifies the chemoattractant protein, interleukin 8 (IL-8\\/CXCL8), as a molecular target of NR4A2 in human inflammatory arthritis and examines the mechanism through which NR4A2 modulates IL-8 expression. In TNF-alpha-activated human synoviocyte cells, enhanced expression of IL-8 mRNA and protein correspond to temporal changes in NR4A2 transcription and nuclear distribution. Ectopic expression of NR4A2 leads to robust changes in endogenous IL-8 mRNA levels and co-treatment with TNF-alpha results in significant (p<0.001) secretion of IL-8 protein. Transcriptional effects of NR4A2 on the human IL-8 promoter are enhanced in the presence of TNF-alpha, suggesting molecular crosstalk between TNF-alpha signalling and NR4A2. A dominant negative IkappaB kinase antagonizes the combined effects of NR4A2 and TNF-alpha on IL-8 promoter activity. Co-expression of NR4A2 and the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB enhances IL-8 transcription and functional studies indicate that transactivation occurs independently of NR4A2 binding to DNA or heterodimerization with additional nuclear receptors. The IL-8 minimal promoter region is sufficient to support NR4A2 and NF-kappaB\\/p65 co-operative activity and NR4A2 can interact with NF-kappaB\\/p65 on a 39bp sequence within this region. In patients treated with methotrexate for active inflammatory arthritis, a reduction in NR4A2 synovial tissue levels correlate significantly (n=10, r=0.73, p=0.002) with changes in IL-8 expression. Collectively, these data delineate an important role for NR4A2 in modulating IL-8 expression and reveal novel transcriptional responses to TNF-alpha in human inflammatory joint disease.

Cholinergic cells in the nucleus basalis of mice express the N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor subunit NR2C and its replacement by the NR2B subunit enhances frontal and amygdaloid acetylcholine levels

NARCIS (Netherlands)

De Souza Silva, M. A.; Dolga, Amalia; Pieri, I.; Marchetti, L.; Eisel, U. L. M.; Huston, J. P.; Dere, E.

2006-01-01

It is known that glutamatergic and cholinergic systems interact functionally at the level of the cholinergic basal forebrain. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) is a multiprotein complex composed of NR1, NR2 and/or NR3 subunits. The subunit composition of NMDA-R of cholinergic cells in the

Stalin Coctail: Schostakowitsch Kammersinfonie Nr. 2 (aus Streichquartett Nr. 3 op. 73). Pärt, Arvo: Collage über das Thema B-A-C-H / Susanne Benda

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Benda, Susanne

1995-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Stalin Coctail: Schostakowitsch Kammersinfonie Nr. 2 (aus Streichquartett Nr. 3 op. 73). Pärt, Arvo: Collage über das Thema B-A-C-H. Cantus in memoriam B. Britten. Denisov Variationen über Haydns Kanon Tod ist ein langer Schlaf. Schtschedrin Stalin Coctail. Moskauer Virtuosen, Vladimir Spivakov. RCA/BMG-Ariola CD 09026 68061 2 (WD: 67'33")

NR-code: Nonlinear reconstruction code

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Yu; Pen, Ue-Li; Zhu, Hong-Ming

2018-04-01

NR-code applies nonlinear reconstruction to the dark matter density field in redshift space and solves for the nonlinear mapping from the initial Lagrangian positions to the final redshift space positions; this reverses the large-scale bulk flows and improves the precision measurement of the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) scale.

Análise de falha relativa à explosão de reservatório de água aquecida - termodinâmica e sucessão de fatores determinantes

OpenAIRE

Rogerio de Medeiros Tocantins

2014-01-01

O presente trabalho aborda um evento de explosão de um reservatório de água aquecida empregado nas atividades de um estabelecimento hoteleiro, classificado pela norma regulamentadora brasileira (NR-13) como vaso de pressão. Reservatórios do gênero são amplamente empregados em instalações de clubes, hotéis, hospitais e edificações prediais diversas. Tais reservatórios tornam-se equipamentos de altíssimo risco, caso não sejam observadas determinadas normas de projeto, fabricação, instalação e, ...

Non-genomic effects of the NR4A1/Nur77/TR3/NGFIB orphan nuclear receptor.

Science.gov (United States)

Pawlak, Alicja; Strzadala, Leon; Kalas, Wojciech

2015-03-01

The orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1/Nur77/TR3/NGFIB acts primarily as a transcription factor to regulate the expression of multiple genes. However, increasing research attention has recently been given to non-genomic activities of NR4A1. The first description of a non-genomic action of NR4A1 referred to the conversion of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 into a pro-apoptotic protein by direct interaction with NR4A1. In response to certain apoptotic stimuli, NR4A1 translocates from the nucleus to the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) where it associates with Bcl-2 and thereby causes apoptosis. Afterwards, it appeared that NR4A1 could also bind and convert other anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. The latest studies indicate a significant role of NR4A1 in the process of autophagy. For example, a new NR4A1-mediated pathway specific for melanoma cells has been described where NR4A1 interacts with the adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT1) on the mitochondrial inner membrane (MIM) leading to induction of the autophagy pathway. Moreover, NR4A1 interaction with cytoplasmic p53 may also contribute to the induction of autophagy. In addition to mitochondria, NR4A1 could be translocated to the outer membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and associate with Bcl-2 or translocon-associated protein subunit γ (TRAPγ) causing ER stress-induced apoptosis. NR4A1 also contributes to the proteasomal degradation of β-catenin in colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, as well as to the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) under non-hypoxic conditions. This review summarizes research findings on non-genomic effects of NR4A1 in normal and cancer cells. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

La confianza, la satisfacción, las normas relacionales, el oportunismo y la dependencia como antecedentes del compromiso organizacional del trabajador

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Sonia San Martín Gutiérrez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer los determinantes más importantes del compromiso afectivo, normativo y de continuidad del trabajador con la empresa. Nuestra propuesta contempla tanto antecedentes de tipo relacional o interpersonal (confianza, satisfacción y normas relacionales como de tipo económico (oportunismo empresarial y dependencia. El contraste de las hipótesis propuestas, con una muestra de trabajadores mexicanos, indica que tanto el compromiso afectivo como el normativo inciden en el de continuidad; la satisfacción, las normas relacionales y la percepción de oportunismo son los principales antecedentes del compromiso afectivo; y la confianza y la dependencia lo son del compromiso normativo. Por otra parte, la confianza y las normas relacionales contribuyen al aumento de la satisfacción laboral, mientras que los antecedentes del compromiso afectivo lo hacen también, indirectamente, en el compromiso normativo. Estos resultados arrojan interesantes implicaciones para el ámbito académico y profesional.

Norma jurídica da LEI MARIA DA PENHA EM AÇÃO: análise pragmático-cognitiva

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Fábio José Rauen

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, guiados pela noção teórica de conciliação de metas de Rauen (2014, analisamos como a norma jurídica da Lei Maria da Penha é acionada em um caso de oferecimento de representação contra um agressor e solicitação de medidas protetivas à vítima. A análise sugere que a petição inicial se organizada em torno da norma jurídica, pois a seção de fatos qualifica o representado como transgressor da norma dispositiva, a seção de direitos destaca sanções para a transgressão, e a seção de pedidos decorre destas premissas. Os dados indicam que o texto funciona como hipótese abdutiva antefactual habilitadora, ao viabilizar que o juiz faça inferências similares e defira as medidas pela força lógica da conjunção dos fatos com o texto da Lei.

Conocimientos y aplicación de normas de bioseguridad del servicio de Ginecoobstetricia del Hospital Alberto Leopoldo Barton Thompson, Callao 2016

OpenAIRE

Salas Zegarra, Rita Maribel

2016-01-01

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es determinar la relación que existe entre los conocimientos de normas de bioseguridad y la aplicación de normas de bioseguridad en el servicio de Ginecoobstetricia en el Hospital Alberto Leopoldo Barton Thompson en el Callao, periodo 2016; la población conformada por los técnicos de enfermería, ginecoobstetrasy obstetras del servicio ginecoobstetricia de 75 trabajadores, la muestra consideró toda la población, en los cuales se ...

TEORIA INSTITUCIONAL: ADERÊNCIA ÀS NORMAS DE RH EM AGÊNCIAS BANCÁRIAS

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Jean Carlos de Oliveira João

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa procura investigar, com base na teoria institucional, a aderência dos gestores às normas e políticas de recursos humanos (RH de três agências de um banco comercial brasileiro e identificar se esta aderência está relacionada à produtividade da organização. Para isto, obedeceu aos seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: entrevistou cada um dos três gestores, em profundidade, analisando os dados pela técnica de seleção das unidades de significado, preconizadas por Bardin (1971, e validou estas respostas aplicando questionários a quatro subordinados, a cada gestor. Aos dados coletados foram aplicados a técnica de análise dos conjuntos aproximativos, estabelecida pelo software estatístico LHStat de Loesch e Hoeltgebaum (2005. Os resultados demonstraram que o gestor 1 obteve o menor índice de produtividade inferindo que o pressuposto de pesquisa (quanto menor a aderência às normas, menor a produtividade se confirma. O gestor 2 e 3 foram considerados aderentes às normas da instituição e esta aderência interferiu positivamente na produtividade de suas agências. Salienta-se, no entanto, que o gestor 3 alcançou significativa superioridade nos resultados de produtividade, apontados como decorrentes de sua estratégia administrativa de “encurtar” caminhos burocráticos para negociações com clientes, por meio de autorizações, sem desrespeitar as regras do banco. Por conseguinte, estabelece-se a necessidade de investigação destes entraves burocráticos, sua influência sobre a produtividade e estudos que, direcionados à vertente cognitiva da teoria institucional, estabeleçam olhares investigativos sobre os perfis dos gestores pesquisados.

Convergencia de normas contables internacionales entre México y Estados Unidos: evidencia empírica

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Sergio Demetrio Polo Jiménez

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar si la adaptación de la normativa contable mexicana a las IFRS ha convertido los principios mexicanos en unas normas de mayor calidad, incrementando su comparabilidad con los US GAAP y reduciendo la manipulación de los resultados. A su vez, nos cuestionamos, de acuerdo con la Teoría de la Agencia, si las diferencias entre las variables contables calculadas bajo la normativa mexicana y americana pueden ser debidas a la interpretación oportunista de los estándares mexicanos por los managers más que a las diferencias en la normativa contable de ambos países. Los resultados sugieren que los esfuerzos para converger las normas contables han incrementado la comparabilidad del resultado contable, si bien esta convergencia se debe también al uso oportunista de la elección de los métodos contables en función de la distinta coyuntura económica.

Establecimiento e implementación de un sistema de gestión de seguridad de la información basado en la norma ISO 27001:2013

OpenAIRE

Quevedo Gómez, Renán

2015-01-01

Trabajo basado en el establecimiento e implementación de un SGSI de acuerdo a la norma ISO 27001:2013. Treball basat en l'establiment i implementació d'un SGSI d'acord amb la norma ISO 27001:2013. Master thesis for the Computer Science program on ICT Security management.

A dual system formed by the ARC and NR molybdoenzymes mediates nitrite-dependent NO production in Chlamydomonas.

Science.gov (United States)

Chamizo-Ampudia, Alejandro; Sanz-Luque, Emanuel; Llamas, Ángel; Ocaña-Calahorro, Francisco; Mariscal, Vicente; Carreras, Alfonso; Barroso, Juan B; Galván, Aurora; Fernández, Emilio

2016-10-01

Nitric oxide (NO) is a relevant signal molecule involved in many plant processes. However, the mechanisms and proteins responsible for its synthesis are scarcely known. In most photosynthetic organisms NO synthases have not been identified, and Nitrate Reductase (NR) has been proposed as the main enzymatic NO source, a process that in vitro is also catalysed by other molybdoenzymes. By studying transcriptional regulation, enzyme approaches, activity assays with in vitro purified proteins and in vivo and in vitro NO determinations, we have addressed the role of NR and Amidoxime Reducing Component (ARC) in the NO synthesis process. N\\R and ARC were intimately related both at transcriptional and activity level. Thus, arc mutants showed high NIA1 (NR gene) expression and NR activity. Conversely, mutants without active NR displayed an increased ARC expression in nitrite medium. Our results with nia1 and arc mutants and with purified enzymes support that ARC catalyses the NO production from nitrite taking electrons from NR and not from Cytb5-1/Cytb5-Reductase, the component partners previously described for ARC (proposed as NOFNiR, Nitric Oxide-Forming Nitrite Reductase). This NR-ARC dual system would be able to produce NO in the presence of nitrate, condition under which NR is unable to do it. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Orphan nuclear receptor NR4A2 inhibits hepatic stellate cell proliferation through MAPK pathway in liver fibrosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Pengguo; Li, Jie; Huo, Yan; Lu, Jin; Wan, Lili; Li, Bin; Gan, Run; Guo, Cheng

2015-01-01

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a crucial role in liver fibrosis, which is a pathological process characterized by extracellular matrix accumulation. NR4A2 is a nuclear receptor belonging to the NR4A subfamily and vital in regulating cell growth, metabolism, inflammation and other biological functions. However, its role in HSCs is unclear. We analyzed NR4A2 expression in fibrotic liver and stimulated HSCs compared with control group and studied the influence on cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and MAPK pathway after NR4A2 knockdown. NR4A2 expression was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. NR4A2 expression was significantly lower in fibrotic liver tissues and PDGF BB or TGF-β stimulated HSCs compared with control group. After NR4A2 knockdown α-smooth muscle actin and Col1 expression increased. In addition, NR4A2 silencing led to the promotion of cell proliferation, increase of cell percentage in S phase and reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, P38 and JNK in HSCs. These results indicate that NR4A2 can inhibit HSC proliferation through MAPK pathway and decrease extracellular matrix in liver fibrogenesis. NR4A2 may be a promising therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.

El proceso de armonización contable en latinoamérica: camino hacia las normas internacionales

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Mercedes Palacios Manzano

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Actualmente, tras el acuerdo firmado en 1995 entre el IASB y la IOSCO, junto con el plan de convergencia establecido entre el IASB y el FASB en 2002, el proceso de armonización contable se encuentra en un momento de enorme efervescencia. Durante las últimas décadas, numerosos organismos han participado activamente en el proceso de mejora de la comparabilidad de la información financiera de todas las empresas que actúan en un mismo mercado globalizado. Recientemente, la tendencia observada es hacia las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad (que ahora han pasado a denominarse International Financial Reporting Standards como único conjunto de normas de contabilidad aceptadas a escala internacional. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el proceso de armonización contable en América Latina, detallando los esfuerzos realizados para lograr la convergencia de las normas contables. Para ello, se cree conveniente centrar en las principales contribuciones llevadas a cabo por dos grupos que a fechas actuales han alcanzado resultados: el Grupo de Integración del MERCOSUR de Contabilidad, Economía y Administración - GIMCEA y el Comité para la Cooperación en Asuntos de Informes Financieros del Tratado de Libre Comercio de Norteamérica - AFTA, analizando el proceso en los países que han establecido mecanismos formales para lograr la convergencia: Argentina y Brasil (miembros del GIMCEA, Chile y México (miembros del AFTA. Una vez expuestos los modelos armonizadores de los diferentes países, se cree conveniente realizar un estudio comparativo de los tratamientos contables dispares existentes entre las normas internacionales del IASB, los principios contables americanos del FASB, y las normas contables Latinoamericanas (Argentinas, Brasileñas, Chilenas y Mexicanas, determinando las áreas en las que es preciso continuar avanzando para lograr la convergencia de normas contables.Nowadays, after the agreement signed between the

Las normas de Valoración Aduanera del GATT/OMC y su aplicación actual en el comercio exterior ecuatoriano

OpenAIRE

Sempértegui Fernández, Luis Fernando

2015-01-01

La presente investigación se circunscribe a analizar el Acuerdo de Valoración Aduanera del GATT/OMC, las posiciones doctrinarias relativas a la metodología de valoración de las mercancías de importación, los métodos y reglas de valoración aduanera concebidos en el GATT y acogidos por las normas de la Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN), las normas ecuatorianas en relación al tema de valoración aduanera, especialmente las últimas resoluciones, manuales e instructivos dictados por el Servicio Na...

Propuesta de un nuevo enfoque para las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera para Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas

OpenAIRE

Herranz-Martín, Felipe; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Bautista-Mesa, Rafael; Universidad Loyola Andalucía; Molina-Sánchez, Horacio; Universidad Loyola Andalucía

2013-01-01

En los últimos años, la tendencia tanto del InternationalAccounting Standards Board, IASB, como delFinancial Accounting Standards Board, FASB, se dirige a lacreación de una norma específica e independiente del restode normas de información financiera, aplicable, en general,sobre las entidades sin presencia en los mercados cotizados,sin tener en cuenta su dimensión. En nuestra opinión,la opción escogida presenta algunos inconvenientes desde lapropia definición de su ámbito de aplicación, al de...

Propuesta de armonización de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad del Sector Público 32 –NICSP 32– Concesiones de Servicios: otorgador en el sector público colombiano

OpenAIRE

Rojas, Laura

2014-01-01

El objetivo general de este trabajo es presentar una propuesta para incorporar en la contabilidad pública la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad del Sector Público 32, NICSP 32. El problema se centró en cómo deben revelar en su situación financiera los Servicios de Concesión conforme a las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad Pública. La armonización en Colombia de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad del Sector Público 32 Concesiones de Servicios: Otorgador generaría varios impactos. Los...

Effect of organo clay on curing, mechanical and dielectric properties of NR/SBR blends

Science.gov (United States)

Ravikumar, K.; Joseph, Reji; Ravichandran, K.

2018-04-01

Natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) based elastomeric blends reinforced with organically modified Sodium bentonite clay were prepared by two roll mills. Vulcanization parameters such as minimum and maximum torque values scorch and cure times are measured by Oscillating Disc Rheometer. Mechanical properties such as Tensile strength, modulus at 100%, 200% and 300% elongation and elongation at break and Hardness were measured by Universal testing machine and Durometer Shore A hardness meter respectively. Dielectric properties such as dielectric constant (ε’), dissipation factor (tanδ) and volume resistivity (ρv) were measured at room temperature. The curing studies show that torque values are increasing in NR/SBR blends by increase NR content. The scorch and optimum cure time in NR/SBR blends reinforced organo modified clay was found through increase in the SBR content. This may be due to better processing safety of the NR/SBR blends reinforced with organo modified clay. Mechanical properties show that addition of SBR in blends, tensile strength, elongation modulus increases, but 100% modulus slightly increases and no change was observed in Hardness. Dielectric studies show that dielectric constant of NR and SBR rubbers are almost same, it may due to their non-polar nature. But addition of SBR in NR/SBR blend, dielectric constant gradually increases and maximum value observed at 50/50 ratio. But no considerable change was observed in dissipation factor. Frequency dependant resistivity shows that volume resistivity was not changed with respect to frequency up to 3.5 kHz and beyond that the frequency dependence resistivity was found.

NORMAS ÉTICO-PROFESIONALES DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE DERECHO

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María Adelaida Pupo Martínez

2013-11-01

Full Text Available La Universidad cubana tiene la responsabilidad de formar profesionales con una sólida formación integral, amplios conocimientos de la especialidad que cursan, firme preparación política - ideológica y una correcta formación educativa. La creación de un documento con normas ético-profesionales, dirigido a los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho, consolida la formación educativa de estos futuros profesionales; recoge en sus preceptos; valores y modos de actuación que van a contribuir a lograr un profesional integral. Cumplir las normas ético-profesionales del Estudiante de Derecho, constituye un paso importante en el perfeccionamiento de la conducta educativa, fortalecer valores a través del conocimiento de la historia patria y contribuir al cumplimiento de los Lineamientos de la Política Económica y Social del Partido y la Revolución y a los objetivos de la Primera Conferencia del Partido. Tarea permanente de docentes y familiares en la educación de las nuevas generaciones.PALABRAS CLAVE: Normas ético-profesionales; estudiante de Derecho; valores; profesional integralETHICAL PROFESSIONALS STANDARDS OF THE STUDENTS OF LAW CARREERABSTRACTThe University the Cuban has the responsibility of forming professionals with a solid comprehensive formation, wide knowledge of the specialty that they take a course in, firm political and ideological preparation and a correct educational formation. The Creation of a document with standards ethical professionals, directed to the students of the race by right, strengthen the educational formation of these professional futures; Pick up in his precepts; Values and manners of behavior that are going to contribute to achieve an honest professional. Keeping the standards ethical the Law Student's professionals, constitute an important step in the perfecting of the educational conduct, strengthening values through the knowledge of the homeland history and contributing to the fulfillment of the

O campo de detecção de normas e desvios

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Antônio Carlos Luz Costa

2008-10-01

Full Text Available A partir de uma alternativa de desenvolvimento para a teoria da anomia de Robert K. Merton, uma hipótese sobre a dinâmica do contexto social em que surgem comportamentos desviantes a normas é elaborada. Com base em conceitos de Merton, Simmel, Bourdieu e os semióticos, analisa-se: a posição do indivíduo (classificado ou não de desviante em uma estrutura que privilegia determinados sujeitos; e b como se dá esse privilégio. A hipótese de trabalho: do quanto mais capitais (econômico, social e cultural o indivíduo dispuser, menores serão suas chances de ter uma ação detectadaem um campo de detecção de normas e desvios. From an alternative development of Robert K. Merton’s anomie theory, the article Detection fi eld of social norms and social deviance discusses the dynamicssocial contexts in which behaviors deviate from social norms. From Merton, Simmel, Bourdieu and the semiotics, the article focuses on (a the position of the individual (classifi ed or not as deviant in a structure that privileges certain individuals and (b how this privilege happens. The hypothesis: the more are the capitals (economic, social, cultural someone shows, the less are the chances of having the action detected as deviant in a field of detection of norms and deviance.

Chronic zinc exposure decreases the surface expression of NR2A-containing NMDA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons.

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Jia Zhu

Full Text Available Zinc distributes widely in the central nervous system, especially in the hippocampus, amygdala and cortex. The dynamic balance of zinc is critical for neuronal functions. Zinc modulates the activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs through the direct inhibition and various intracellular signaling pathways. Abnormal NMDAR activities have been implicated in the aetiology of many brain diseases. Sustained zinc accumulation in the extracellular fluid is known to link to pathological conditions. However, the mechanism linking this chronic zinc exposure and NMDAR dysfunction is poorly understood.We reported that chronic zinc exposure reduced the numbers of NR1 and NR2A clusters in cultured hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Whole-cell and synaptic NR2A-mediated currents also decreased. By contrast, zinc did not affect NR2B, suggesting that chronic zinc exposure specifically influences NR2A-containg NMDARs. Surface biotinylation indicated that zinc exposure attenuated the membrane expression of NR1 and NR2A, which might arise from to the dissociation of the NR2A-PSD-95-Src complex.Chronic zinc exposure perturbs the interaction of NR2A to PSD-95 and causes the disorder of NMDARs in hippocampal neurons, suggesting a novel action of zinc distinct from its acute effects on NMDAR activity.

El numeral 8 de la norma y la mejora continua en las empresas de Ibagué

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Mario Enrique Uribe Macías

2015-03-01

Full Text Available El proyecto de investigación se realizó a partir de la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado, diseñado con base en la Norma ISO 9004, a siete empresas que habían sido certificadas, siendo una muestra definida por conveniencia. El artículo presenta los resultados del análisis de la aplicación del numeral 8 de la norma “Medición, análisis y mejora”, resaltándose dos grandes conclusiones: el alto grado de autoapreciación que las empresas tienen de su gestión del Sistema de calidad y la aplicación, desarrollo y demostración de las acciones que ellas adelantan se enfocan a mejorar la eficacia de sus sistemas de calidad y a fortalecer su cultura de calidad.Palabras clave: Calidad; Mejora continua; Numeral 8 Norma ISO. Standard ítem 8 and continue improvement in enterprises from IbagueAbstractThe research project was developed by a structured questionnaire application, designed ISO 9004 based-on, to seven certified enterprises that formed a sample chosen by convenience method. This paper presents the results of application of Standard numeral 8. Measuring, analysis and improve behavior analysis, emphasizing two great conclusions: the self-appreciation high level enterprises have about theirs Quality system management, and the application, development and demonstration about the actions they do are focused to improve their  quality systems efficacy and to strengthen their quality culture.Keywords: Quality; Continue improving; Standard ISO numeral 8.

Efectos sobre los estados financieros de la aplicación de la norma internacional de contabilidad Nº 12 "Impuesto sobre la ganancias"

OpenAIRE

Giraldo Gómez, Carlos Mario

2014-01-01

El objetivo del presente trabajo: NIC 12 (Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad), “Impuesto a las ganancias e impuesto diferido”, parte integral de las NIIF (Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera), es identificar algunos aspectos especiales que se reflejarán en los estados financieros de las empresas en relación con el manejo del impuesto diferido -- Lo anterior originado en las diferencias que se darán al comparar la información contable con la información fiscal, y que de una ma...

Mis toimub "Objektis nr 2011"? / Elli Kalju

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kalju, Elli

2011-01-01

Tallinnas Vabaduse väljakul 27.02.-20.03.2011 paiknevast installatsioonist "Objekt nr. 2011", kus alati keegi sees istub. Kultuuritegelased vahetuvad iga tunni järel, järjekorda oodatakse Tallinna Kunsihoones asuvas staabis

The Optimum Processing Parameter of Carbon Nano tubes and Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (NR/LNR/LLDPE) Composites Based on Tensile Properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hazwani Halim; Syed Yusainee Syed Yahya; Sahrim Ahmad; Tarawneh, M.A.; Shamsul Bahri, A.R.

2011-01-01

In this study, the exact processing parameter including mixing time, rotor speed and temperature of CNTs and TPNR (NR/LNR/LLDPE) composite has been examined using tensile properties. To prepare the composite, the matrix NR/LLDPE will compatabilized using liquid natural rubber (LNR) with 40 % NR, 10 % LNR and 50 % LLDPE. Then, 2 % CNTs will be incorporated into the matrix using different processing temperature, rotor speed and mixing time. For the temperature, different temperature that used are 135, 140, 145, 150 and 155 degree and for the rotor speed 45, 50, 55, 60 and 65 rpm have been used. As for the mixing time, five different time have been investigated which is 9 min,11 min, 13 min, 15 min and 17 min. The results for Young's modulus and elongation at break show that there is the maximum increment for the composite that have been prepared using 140 degree Celsius, 55 rpm and 13 min. However when the temperature has been increased, both of these properties has been decreased. Based on these results we can conclude that the optimum processing parameter for these CNTs composite is quite similar with the composite of the matrix (TPNR) itself. (author)

Estudio sobre la pertinencia del uso de las normas disponibles del Raven en adultos mayores chilenos Estudo sobre a pertinência da utilização das normas disponíveis de Raven em idosos chilenos Study on the relevance of using available norms Raven in Chileans older adults

OpenAIRE

Cristina Alarcón Paz; Vanessa Díaz Valenzuela; Jacqueline Hernández Rosales; Claudia Estrada Goic

2012-01-01

La evaluación de la inteligencia en población adulto mayor ha aumentado su relevancia debido al incremento de la esperanza de vida. Este estudio centra su interés en la pertinencia de normas disponibles para el Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven para dicha población. Se utilizaron normas de Colchester (1942, en Raven, Court y Raven, 2008), las más completas existentes. Participaron 102 adultos mayores voluntarios (más de 60 años). El diseño fue no experimental transversal correlacional. Lo...

APLICAÇÃO DAS NORMAS DO PLANO DE CONTROLE AMBIENTAL (PCA EM PISCICULTURAS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE GOIÂNIA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS

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Afonso Pereira Fialho

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Apresenta-se, neste trabalho, uma análise com base em dados colhidos em trinta propriedades rurais da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia e entorno, das condições de pisciculturas já instaladas, cujos projetos encontram-se na Agência Ambiental do Estado de Goiás, órgão que regulamenta tal atividade. Para tanto, vale-se de estudo de casos,em que se procurou verificar se há ou não observância das normas emanadas do Plano de Controle Ambiental (PCA. Nos cinco itens referentes a impactos ambientais – respeito à distância da margem, preservação de nascentes, canal de derivação, tratamento dos efluentes e proteção da saída de escoamento de água dos viveiros –, verificou-se que:apenas uma propriedade respeitou as normas; três projetos respeitaram entre 20% e 40% dos itens; seis projetos acataram 60% dos itens; quatorze cumpriram 80% dos itens e três não cumpriram as normas do PCA. Concluiu-se assim que, a despeito da rica literatura existente e das normas claras e eficientes, o produtor rural envolvido nesse ramo de atividade não está comprometido com o respeito ao meio ambiente, por falta quer de uma fiscalização mais rigorosa, quer de uma educação continuada. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Impactos ambientais, normas (PCA, piscicultura.

NORMAS BRASILEIRAS E INTERNACIONAIS DE CONTABILIDADE APLICADAS AO SETOR PÚBLICO E O DESAFIO DA CONVERGÊNCIA: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA – IPSAS E NBCTSP

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Adriana Rodrigues Fragoso

2012-11-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o estágio atual de convergência conceitual entre as normas brasileiras de contabilidade aplicadas ao setor público (NBCTSP e as International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS. A complexidade e diversidade de transações entre entidades do setor público ou privado, gerada pela internacionalização de mercados, demandam uma avaliação contínua e dinâmica dos eventos que promovem a modificação quantitativa ou qualitativa de um patrimônio. Para esse processo de avaliação, a observação dos princípios e normas de contabilidade é importante para garantir, entre outras características da informação, a compreensibilidade e comparabilidade, reduzindo custos aos investidores e usuários, em geral, considerando as barreiras encontradas na diversidade de idiomas, culturas, políticas fiscais e econômicas. Para a análise de convergência, foi efetuado um estudo comparativo do conteúdo das normas, a partir de uma análise descritiva, com o intuito de verificar a aderência existente entre as normas brasileiras e internacionais aplicadas ao setor público. Os resultados encontrados destacam que ainda há diversos aspectos a serem discutidos para uma efetiva convergência às normas internacionais; esta convergência atual é parcial. No entanto, verifica-se que as NBCTSPs apresentam uma exposição conceitual de qualidade enquanto as IPSAS apresentam um conteúdo mais focado em procedimentos operacionais.

Pharmacological Activators of the NR4A Nuclear Receptors Enhance LTP in a CREB/CBP-Dependent Manner.

Science.gov (United States)

Bridi, Morgan S; Hawk, Joshua D; Chatterjee, Snehajyoti; Safe, Stephen; Abel, Ted

2017-05-01

Nr4a nuclear receptors contribute to long-term memory formation and are required for long-term memory enhancement by a class of broad-acting drugs known as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate these genes and identifying ways to increase their activity may provide novel therapeutic approaches for ameliorating cognitive dysfunction. In the present study, we find that Nr4a gene expression after learning requires the cAMP-response element binding (CREB) interaction domain of the histone acetyltransferase CREB-binding protein (CBP). These gene expression deficits emerge at a time after learning marked by promoter histone acetylation in wild-type mice. Further, mutation of the CREB-CBP interaction domain reduces Nr4a promoter acetylation after learning. As memory enhancement by HDAC inhibitors requires CREB-CBP interaction and Nr4a gene function, these data support the notion that the balance of histone acetylation at the Nr4a promoters is critical for memory formation. NR4A ligands have recently been described, but the effect of these drugs on synaptic plasticity or memory has not been investigated. We find that the 'C-DIM' NR4A ligands, para-phenyl substituted di-indolylmethane compounds, enhance long-term contextual fear memory and increase the duration of long-term potentiation (LTP), a form of hippocampal synaptic plasticity. LTP enhancement by these drugs is eliminated in mice expressing a dominant negative form of NR4A and attenuated in mice with mutation of the CREB-CBP interaction domain. These data define the molecular connection between histone acetylation and Nr4a gene expression after learning. In addition, they suggest that NR4A-activating C-DIM compounds may serve as a potent and selective means to enhance memory and synaptic plasticity.

Selective up-regulation of NMDA-NR1 receptor expression in myenteric plexus after TNBS induced colitis in rats

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Price Donald D

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA spinal cord receptors play an important role in the development of hyperalgesia following inflammation. It is unclear, however, if changes in NMDA subunit receptor gene expression in the colonic myenteric plexus are associated with colonic inflammation. We investigated regulation of NMDA-NR1 receptor gene expression in TNBS induced colitis in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (150 g–250 g were treated with 20 mg trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS diluted in 50% ethanol. The agents were delivered with a 24 gauge catheter inserted into the lumen of the colon. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after induction of the colitis, their descending colon was retrieved for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; a subset of animals' distal colon was used for two-dimensional (2-D western analysis and immunocytochemistry. Results NR1-exon 5 (N1 and NR1-exon 21 (C1 appeared 14, 21 and 28 days after TNBS treatment. NR1 pan mRNA was up-regulated at 14, 21, and 28 days. The NR1-exon 22 (C2 mRNA did not show significant changes. Using 2-D western analysis, untreated control rats were found to express only NR1001 whereas TNBS treated rats expressed NR1001, NR1011, and NR1111. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated NR1-N1 and NR1-C1 to be present in the myenteric plexus of TNBS treated rats. Conclusion These results suggest a role for colonic myenteric plexus NMDA receptors in the development of neuronal plasticity and visceral hypersensitivity in the colon. Up-regulation of NMDA receptor subunits may reflect part of the basis for chronic visceral hypersensitivity in conditions such as post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.

Entre normas e fatos: desafios e dilemas da ordem internacional

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Cruz Sebastião C. Velasco e

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Examinam-se os limites e o significado da controvérsia entre "realistas" que invocam fatos e "cosmopolitas" que invocam normas, com referência às perspectivas da ordem internacional após 11 de setembro de 2001. Contra a idéia da retomada pelos EUA do multilateralismo, ou do seu oposto, a idéia dos EUA como sede de um verdadeiro império mundial, propõe-se um "cenário de transição", marcado por turbulências inter- e intra-estatais, sem prejuízo da possibilidade real de uma configuração mais equilibrada no futuro.

Estudio sobre la pertinencia del uso de las normas disponibles del Raven en adultos mayores chilenos Estudo sobre a pertinência da utilização das normas disponíveis de Raven em idosos chilenos Study on the relevance of using available norms Raven in Chileans older adults

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Cristina Alarcón Paz

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La evaluación de la inteligencia en población adulto mayor ha aumentado su relevancia debido al incremento de la esperanza de vida. Este estudio centra su interés en la pertinencia de normas disponibles para el Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven para dicha población. Se utilizaron normas de Colchester (1942, en Raven, Court y Raven, 2008, las más completas existentes. Participaron 102 adultos mayores voluntarios (más de 60 años. El diseño fue no experimental transversal correlacional. Los resultados indican que las normas resultan poco exigentes para ese grupo y que existen diferencias significativas entre los adultos de la tercera y cuarta edad, privilegiando a los del primer grupo. El índice de discrepancia mostró alta sensibilidad, indicando que la distribución de puntajes esperados no se corresponde al de la población general. Se discuten los resultados en torno a la necesidad de actualización de las normas y la consideración de las nuevas características de este periodo vital.A avaliação da inteligência na população idosa tem aumentado sua importância devido ao aumento da expectativa de vida. Este estudo está centrado na relevância das normas disponíveis para o teste de Matrizes Progressivas de Raven para essa população. Foram utilizadas as normas de Colchester (1942, citado por Raven, Court y Raven, 2008, as mais completas disponíveis. Participaram 102 idosos voluntários (com idade superior a 60 anos. O desenho do estudo foi não experimental transversal correlacional. Os resultados indicam que as normas são pouco exigentes para esse grupo e que existem diferenças significativas entre os adultos da terceira e quarta idade, privilegiando o primeiro grupo. O índice de discrepância mostrou alta sensibilidade, indicando que a distribuição de pontuações esperadas não corresponde a da população em geral. Os resultados são discutidos em relação à necessidade de atualização das normas e da considera

Stenhammer, Wilhelm. sinfonien Nr. 1 F-Dur und Nr. 2 g-Moll op. 34, Excelsior! op. 13, Serenade F-Dur op. 31. Sinfonieorchester Göteborg, Neeme Järvi / Andreas K. W. Meyer

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Meyer, Andreas K. W.

1995-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Stenhammer, Wilhelm. sinfonien Nr. 1 F-Dur und Nr. 2 g-Moll op. 34, Excelsior! op. 13, Serenade F-Dur op. 31. Sinfonieorchester Göteborg, Neeme Järvi". DG 2 CD 445857-2 (WD: 138'37")

Flamenkofantaasia vallutused. Urmas Sisaski Missa nr 5

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Kontserdist "Flamenkofantaasiad" 2. mail Jõhvi kontserdimajas, 3. mail Tallinna Raekojas ja 4. mail Vanemuise kontserdimajas. Eesti Vabariigi 90 a juubeli auks loodud Urmas Sisaski Missa nr 5 "Chateau Rocher" esitusest 2. ja 3. mail Tallinnas ja Tartus

Influence of acetone extract from natural rubber on the structure and interface interaction in NR/silica composites

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Tiwen; Jia, Zhixin; Wu, Lianghui; Chen, Yongjun; Luo, Yuanfang; Jia, Demin; Peng, Zheng

2017-11-01

It is well known that the coupling reagents as the additional modifiers were often used to improve the reinforcement effect of silica filled natural rubber. Actually, the commercial raw NR is a mixture consisting of polyisoprene and non-isoprene, where the latter one might have impact on the properties of NR/silica composites as an inartificial modifier inside. Thus, investigating the effect of non-isoprene compounds on the structure and properties of NR/silica composites is a novel approach to disclose the peculiarity of NR, which is meaningful to the assessment of NR quality. In this paper, the influences of acetone extract (AE) from natural rubber on the structure and mechanical properties of NR/silica composites were studied. Then the interfacial interactions between AE and silica were also illustrated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetic analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results demonstrated the existence of hydrogen bond between silica and AE, also the covalent bond induced by esterification reaction between sbnd COOH and Sisbnd OH, which resulted in an increase of constrained regions around silica surface leading to the promotions on mechanical and dynamical properties of NR/silica composites significantly.

La conversión de estados financieros a moneda extranjera en el marco de las normas internacionales de información financiera

OpenAIRE

Villanueva González, Félix Martín

2016-01-01

Tanto el Consejo de Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera como el Consejo de Normas de Contabilidad Financiera de los Estados Unidos de América, han desarrollado metodologías de aceptación general para la conversión de estados financieros en moneda extranjera a partir de información financiera elaborada en una moneda diferente a la de presentación. La presente tesis se propuso demostrar que esas metodologías utilizadas para la conversión de estados financieros a moneda extranjera n...

Elaboración del plan de implementación de la norma ISO/IEC 27001:2005 en una empresa del sector reail

OpenAIRE

Jácome Lobo, Andrés Augusto

2014-01-01

En este trabajo se surten todas las etapas necesarias para establecer un sistema de gestión de seguridad de la información (SGSI) basado en la norma ISO 27001:2005 en una empresa del sector retail de gran tamaño. En aquest treball es proveeixen totes les etapes necessàries per establir un sistema de gestió de seguretat de la informació (SGSI) basat en la norma ISO 27001:2005 en una empresa del sector retail de grans dimensions. Master thesis for the ICT Security management program.

Propuesta de un sistema de gestión ambiental basado en la norma ISO 14001 para industrial pesquera Santa Priscila S.A.

OpenAIRE

Montiel Morán, Miguel

2015-01-01

Este trabajo se inicia con la obtención de toda la información existente y disponible sobre el funcionamiento de la gestión ambiental en Industrial Pesquera Santa Priscila S.A., el cumplimiento de la normativa ambiental vigente y de la norma ISO 14001:2004 aplicables a dicha organización, la cual nos otorga el establecimiento y la propuesta de un manual con sus respectivos procedimientos para la implementación de un sistema de gestión ambiental basado en la norma ISO 14001:2004. This rese...

Marianna Kaadi "Auk nr 8" linastub Põhja-Ameerikas

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2011-01-01

Marianna Kaadi dokumentaalfilmi "Auk nr 8" Põhja-Ameerika esilinastus toimub Full Frame filmifestivalil Durhamis, Põhja- Carolinas. Film on valitud ka Kanadas Torontos toimuva Hot Docs filmifestivali võistlusprogrammi

Mutations in the DNA-binding domain of NR2E3 affect in vivo dimerization and interaction with CRX.

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Raphael Roduit

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: NR2E3 (PNR is an orphan nuclear receptor essential for proper photoreceptor determination and differentiation. In humans, mutations in NR2E3 have been associated with the recessively inherited enhanced short wavelength sensitive (S- cone syndrome (ESCS and, more recently, with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP. NR2E3 acts as a suppressor of the cone generation program in late mitotic retinal progenitor cells. In adult rod photoreceptors, NR2E3 represses cone-specific gene expression and acts in concert with the transcription factors CRX and NRL to activate rod-specific genes. NR2E3 and CRX have been shown to physically interact in vitro through their respective DNA-binding domains (DBD. The DBD also contributes to homo- and heterodimerization of nuclear receptors. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We analyzed NR2E3 homodimerization and NR2E3/CRX complex formation in an in vivo situation by Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET(2. NR2E3 wild-type protein formed homodimers in transiently transfected HEK293T cells. NR2E3 homodimerization was impaired in presence of disease-causing mutations in the DBD, except for the p.R76Q and p.R104W mutant proteins. Strikingly, the adRP-linked p.G56R mutant protein interacted with CRX with a similar efficiency to that of NR2E3 wild-type and p.R311Q proteins. In contrast, all other NR2E3 DBD-mutant proteins did not interact with CRX. The p.G56R mutant protein was also more effective in abolishing the potentiation of rhodospin gene transactivation by the NR2E3 wild-type protein. In addition, the p.G56R mutant enhanced the transrepression of the M- and S-opsin promoter, while all other NR2E3 DBD-mutants did not. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest different disease mechanisms in adRP- and ESCS-patients carrying NR2E3 mutations. Titration of CRX by the p.G56R mutant protein acting as a repressor in trans may account for the severe clinical phenotype in adRP patients.

Valor razonable: un modelo de valoración incorporado en las normas internacionales de información financiera

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Berta Silva Palavecinos

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El concepto de Valor Razonable, traducción del inglés de la expresión Fair Value, que aparece desde hace varias décadas en la literatura contable anglosajona, ha cobrado relevancia cuando el International Accounting Standards Board (IASB lo incorporó como un modelo de valoración en las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera. Sin embargo, el significado, la oportunidad en que se usa, cómo se determina, el efecto que genera en el patrimonio de la empresa, además de otros aspectos significativos, se encuentran dispersos a través de distintas normas. El agente decisor requiere tener una concepción clara sobre el tema. Este artículo presenta una compilación y reflexiones sobre estos aspectos, sin agotarlos.

ESR investigation of NR and IR rubber vulcanized with different cross-link agents

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P. Posadas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This study evaluates the formation of radical species in natural rubber (NR and poly-isoprene rubber (IR during the vulcanization process and the uniaxial deformation of the formed networks by means of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR. Vulcanization of NR and IR always shows a radical pathway, where the different vulcanization systems dictate the concentration of radical species in the course of this complex process. The greatest concentration of radicals were detected during the vulcanization with sulfur/accelerator based on efficient systems (EV, followed by conventional (CV and sulfur donor systems, whereas azide and organic peroxide agents showed smaller concentration of radicals. Independently of the vulcanization system, certain amount of radicals was detected on the vulcanized samples after the end of the vulcanization process. Comparison between different matrices demonstrates that NR always shows higher concentration of radicals than IR in the vulcanization process as well as during uniaxial deformation, fact that could be associated to the presence of nonrubber components in NR.

PURIFICACIÓN DE IgY CONTRA LA SUBUNIDAD NR3 DEL RECEPTOR NMDA DE CEREBRO DE RATA

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Gina Méndez C

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Obtener anticuerpos tipo IgY contra péptidos sintéticos de las subunidades NR3A y NR3B del receptor NMDA de ratas, para reconocer y seguir la expresión de estas subunidades en extractos de cerebro de rata de diferentes edades. Materiales y métodos. Se diseñaron dos péptidos empleando los sistemas de la base de datos Entrez y el programa ClustalW-PBIL de alineamientos múltiples contra las subunidades NR3A y NR3B del receptor NMDA; una vez sintetizados por el método SSPS-fmoc fueron utilizados para inocular gallinas (Gallus gallus, variedad Hy Line Brown de 16 semanas de edad; al cabo de 57 días postinoculación se purificó IgY específica y se enfrentaron a extractos de cerebro de rata postnatal y adulta. Resultados. Se detectaron las subunidades NR3A y NR3B y se relacionó su expresión con la edad del animal; siendo mayor la expresión de la subunidad NR3A en extracto de cerebro de rata postnatal. No se encontró diferencia marcada en la expresión de la subunidad NR3B en las edades mencionadas. Conclusiones. Esta es la primera investigación que emplea proteína nativa para el reconocimiento de la subunidad NR3 del receptor NMDA, lo cual muestra la especificidad de los anticuerpos generados y contribuye con el entendimiento de las funciones de este receptor y su relación con la regulación de la memoria espacial.

Behavioral analysis of NR2C knockout mouse reveals deficit in acquisition of conditioned fear and working memory.

Science.gov (United States)

Hillman, Brandon G; Gupta, Subhash C; Stairs, Dustin J; Buonanno, Andres; Dravid, Shashank M

2011-05-01

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play an important role in excitatory neurotransmission and mediate synaptic plasticity associated with learning and memory. NMDA receptors are composed of two NR1 and two NR2 subunits and the identity of the NR2 subunit confers unique electrophysiologic and pharmacologic properties to the receptor. The precise role of NR2C-containing receptors in vivo is poorly understood. We have performed a battery of behavioral tests on NR2C knockout/nβ-galactosidase knock-in mice and found no difference in spontaneous activity, basal anxiety, forced-swim immobility, novel object recognition, pain sensitivity and reference memory in comparison to wildtype counterparts. However, NR2C knockout mice were found to exhibit deficits in fear acquisition and working memory compared to wildtype mice. Deficit in fear acquisition correlated with lack of fear conditioning-induced plasticity at the thalamo-amygdala synapse. These findings suggest a unique role of NR2C-containing receptors in associative and executive learning representing a novel therapeutic target for deficits in cognition. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Normalización española sobre cenizas volantes (normas UNE

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Pardo, Antonio

1988-04-01

Full Text Available The "Concrete Additives" task force was created within the "Concretes”/IRANOR Technical Commission-83 in 1983. It presently answers to the AENOR. Its principle objective during these years has been the elaboration of Spanish regulations concerning fly ash to be used in morters and concretes made with Portland cement. The main purpose of this study, in which a comparative analysis of international regulations is also included, is the exposition of these regulations, as well as the steps to be taken in their constant up-dating. In addition, a summary of the characteristics of fly ash produced in Spain before the elaboration of the UNE norms is also included.

En 1983 se creó el Grupo de Trabajo "Adiciones al Hormigón" en el seno de la Comisión Técnica-83 "Hormigones”/IRANOR, actualmente transferido a AENOR. Su finalidad principal, durante estos años, ha sido la elaboración de la normativa española sobre las cenizas volantes que hayan de ser utilizadas en morteros y hormigones de cemento portland. Su exposición es el objeto principal de este trabajo, en el que se incluye también un análisis comparativo con la normativa internacional, así como los pasos a seguir en la actualización constante de las normas. Asimismo se recoge un resumen de las características de las cenizas volantes generadas en España con anterioridad a la elaboración de las Normas UNE.

Overexpression of the NR2A subunit in the forebrain impairs long-term social recognition and non-social olfactory memory.

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Jacobs, S A; Tsien, J Z

2014-04-01

Animals must recognize and remember conspecifics and potential mates, and distinguish these animals from potential heterospecific competitors and predators. Despite its necessity, aged animals are known to exhibit impaired social recognition memory. As the brain ages, the ratio of NR2A:NR2B in the brain increases over time and has been postulated to underlie the cognitive decline observed during the aging process. Here, we test the hypothesis that an increased NR2A:NR2B subunit ratio underlies long-term social recognition memory. Using transgenic overexpression of NR2A in the forebrain regions, we investigated the ability of these mice to learn and remember male and female conspecifics, mice of another strain and animals of another rodent species, the rat. Furthermore, due to the importance of olfaction in social recognition, we tested the olfactory memory in the NR2A transgenic mice. Our series of behavioral experiments revealed significant impairments in the NR2A transgenic mice in long-term social memory of both male and female conspecifics. Additionally, the NR2A transgenic mice are unable to recognize mice of another strain or rats. The NR2A transgenic mice also exhibited long-term memory impairments in the olfactory recognition task. Taken together, our results provide evidence that an increased NR2A:NR2B ratio in the forebrain leads to reduced long-term memory function, including the ethologically important memories such as social recognition and olfactory memory.

iNR-Drug: predicting the interaction of drugs with nuclear receptors in cellular networking.

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen

2014-03-19

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are closely associated with various major diseases such as cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis. Therefore, NRs have become a frequent target for drug development. During the process of developing drugs against these diseases by targeting NRs, we are often facing a problem: Given a NR and chemical compound, can we identify whether they are really in interaction with each other in a cell? To address this problem, a predictor called "iNR-Drug" was developed. In the predictor, the drug compound concerned was formulated by a 256-D (dimensional) vector derived from its molecular fingerprint, and the NR by a 500-D vector formed by incorporating its sequential evolution information and physicochemical features into the general form of pseudo amino acid composition, and the prediction engine was operated by the SVM (support vector machine) algorithm. Compared with the existing prediction methods in this area, iNR-Drug not only can yield a higher success rate, but is also featured by a user-friendly web-server established at http://www.jci-bioinfo.cn/iNR-Drug/, which is particularly useful for most experimental scientists to obtain their desired data in a timely manner. It is anticipated that the iNR-Drug server may become a useful high throughput tool for both basic research and drug development, and that the current approach may be easily extended to study the interactions of drug with other targets as well.

iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking

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Yue-Nong Fan

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Nuclear receptors (NRs are closely associated with various major diseases such as cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis. Therefore, NRs have become a frequent target for drug development. During the process of developing drugs against these diseases by targeting NRs, we are often facing a problem: Given a NR and chemical compound, can we identify whether they are really in interaction with each other in a cell? To address this problem, a predictor called “iNR-Drug” was developed. In the predictor, the drug compound concerned was formulated by a 256-D (dimensional vector derived from its molecular fingerprint, and the NR by a 500-D vector formed by incorporating its sequential evolution information and physicochemical features into the general form of pseudo amino acid composition, and the prediction engine was operated by the SVM (support vector machine algorithm. Compared with the existing prediction methods in this area, iNR-Drug not only can yield a higher success rate, but is also featured by a user-friendly web-server established at http://www.jci-bioinfo.cn/iNR-Drug/, which is particularly useful for most experimental scientists to obtain their desired data in a timely manner. It is anticipated that the iNR-Drug server may become a useful high throughput tool for both basic research and drug development, and that the current approach may be easily extended to study the interactions of drug with other targets as well.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-HSAP-15-0025 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-HSAP-15-0025 ref|XP_001563383.1| hypothetical repeat protein [Leishmania brazil...iensis] emb|CAM37564.1| hypothetical repeat protein [Leishmania braziliensis] XP_001563383.1 3e-41 34% ...

Análisis de las diferencias entre las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) y los Principios de Contabilidad (VEN-NIIF)

OpenAIRE

Carmen Haydeé Peña Molina

2013-01-01

El presente artículo es producto de una investigación, cuyo objetivo fue analizar las diferencias existentes entre las normas internacionales de información financiera (NIIF) y las normas emitidas por la FCCPV, denominadas VEN - NIF. Tales diferencias consisten en: (1) reservas en la aplicación de algunas disposiciones contenidas en las NIIF, y (2) tratamientos particulares para Venezuela. En Venezuela, la adopción de las NIIF fue aco rdada en enero de 2004 por un Directorio Nacional Ampliado...

Wide spectrum of NR5A1‐related phenotypes in 46,XY and 46,XX individuals

Science.gov (United States)

Domenice, Sorahia; Machado, Aline Zamboni; Ferreira, Frederico Moraes; Ferraz‐de‐Souza, Bruno; Lerario, Antonio Marcondes; Lin, Lin; Nishi, Mirian Yumie; Gomes, Nathalia Lisboa; da Silva, Thatiana Evelin; Silva, Rosana Barbosa; Correa, Rafaela Vieira; Montenegro, Luciana Ribeiro; Narciso, Amanda; Costa, Elaine Maria Frade; Achermann, John C

2016-01-01

Steroidogenic factor 1 (NR5A1, SF‐1, Ad4BP) is a transcriptional regulator of genes involved in adrenal and gonadal development and function. Mutations in NR5A1 have been among the most frequently identified genetic causes of gonadal development disorders and are associated with a wide phenotypic spectrum. In 46,XY individuals, NR5A1‐related phenotypes may range from disorders of sex development (DSD) to oligo/azoospermia, and in 46,XX individuals, from 46,XX ovotesticular and testicular DSD to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). The most common 46,XY phenotype is atypical or female external genitalia with clitoromegaly, palpable gonads, and absence of Müllerian derivatives. Notably, an undervirilized external genitalia is frequently seen at birth, while spontaneous virilization may occur later, at puberty. In 46,XX individuals, NR5A1 mutations are a rare genetic cause of POI, manifesting as primary or secondary amenorrhea, infertility, hypoestrogenism, and elevated gonadotropin levels. Mothers and sisters of 46,XY DSD patients carrying heterozygous NR5A1 mutations may develop POI, and therefore require appropriate counseling. Moreover, the recurrent heterozygous p.Arg92Trp NR5A1 mutation is associated with variable degrees of testis development in 46,XX patients. A clear genotype‐phenotype correlation is not seen in patients bearing NR5A1 mutations, suggesting that genetic modifiers, such as pathogenic variants in other testis/ovarian‐determining genes, may contribute to the phenotypic expression. Here, we review the published literature on NR5A1‐related disease, and discuss our findings at a single tertiary center in Brazil, including ten novel NR5A1 mutations identified in 46,XY DSD patients. The ever‐expanding phenotypic range associated with NR5A1 variants in XY and XX individuals confirms its pivotal role in reproductive biology, and should alert clinicians to the possibility of NR5A1 defects in a variety of phenotypes presenting with gonadal

Riscos no ambiente de trabalho no setor de panificação: um estudo de caso em duas indústrias de biscoitos

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Fernando Mota de Vasconcelos

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e analisar os riscos no ambiente de trabalho no setor de panificação em duas indústrias de fabricação de biscoitos de pequeno porte. O levantamento de dados foi feito de forma qualitativa, com identificação e avaliação dos fatores de riscos ambientais ocupacionais (físicos, químicos, biológicos, ergonômicos e de acidentes, observando as normas ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001, AS/NZS 4360, NBR 14009, NBR 14153 e as Normas Regulamentadoras (NR do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego. Também foram realizadas medições dos índices de exposição ao ruído e ao calor, conforme a NR 15 e do nível de iluminância nos ambientes, conforme a NR 17. As empresas (denominadas “A” e “B” apresentaram níveis de riscos distintos, classificados como triviais, toleráveis, moderados e substanciais. Dos parâmetros de riscos avaliados, identificou-se que a empresa “B” foi a que apresentou maior exposição ao risco com potencial de causar danos à saúde e à integridade física dos seus trabalhadores, havendo necessidade imediata de intervenção. A partir das indústrias avaliadas, foi possível verificar que, mesmo em meio às exigências legais, as questões relacionadas à saúde e segurança no trabalho são muitas vezes consideradas como fator secundário. Os cuidados relacionados à qualidade, higiene e segurança dos seus produtos são sempre priorizados. Ressalta-se que os gastos efetuados com a prevenção de acidentes e doenças do trabalho devem ser vistos como investimentos, uma vez que poderão contribuir para melhor qualidade de vida dos profissionais, com possibilidades de maximização das atividades por eles desempenhadas.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0135 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0135 ref|XP_001551790.1| predicted protein [Botryotinia fuckeliana B05....10] gb|EDN30435.1| predicted protein [Botryotinia fuckeliana B05.10] XP_001551790.1 4e-66 91% ...

Investigation of associations between NR1D1, RORA and RORB genes and bipolar disorder.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yin-Chieh Lai

Full Text Available Several genes that are involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms are implicated in the susceptibility to bipolar disorder (BD. The current study aimed to investigate the relationships between genetic variants in NR1D1 RORA, and RORB genes and BD in the Han Chinese population. We conducted a case-control genetic association study with two samples of BD patients and healthy controls. Sample I consisted of 280 BD patients and 200 controls. Sample II consisted of 448 BD patients and 1770 healthy controls. 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the NR1D1, RORA, and RORB genes were genotyped using GoldenGate VeraCode assays in sample I, and 492 markers in the three genes were genotyped using Affymetrix Genome-Wide CHB Array in sample II. Single marker and gene-based association analyses were performed using PLINK. A combined p-value for the joining effects of all markers within a gene was calculated using the rank truncated product method. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR method was also applied to test gene-gene interactions in sample I. All markers were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.001. In sample I, the associations with BD were observed for rs4774388 in RORA (OR = 1.53, empirical p-value, P = 0.024, and rs1327836 in RORB (OR = 1.75, P = 0.003. In Sample II, there were 45 SNPs showed associations with BD, and the most significant marker in RORA was rs11639084 (OR = 0.69, P = 0.002, and in RORB was rs17611535 (OR = 3.15, P = 0.027. A combined p-value of 1.6×10-6, 0.7, and 1.0 was obtained for RORA, RORB and NR1D1, respectively, indicting a strong association for RORA with the risk of developing BD. A four way interaction was found among markers in NR1D1, RORA, and RORB with the testing accuracy 53.25% and a cross-validation consistency of 8 out of 10. In sample II, 45 markers had empirical p-values less than 0.05. The most significant markers in RORA and RORB genes were rs11639084 (OR = 0.69, P = 0.002, and rs17611535 (OR = 3.15

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-SCER-15-0000 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-SCER-15-0000 ref|NP_520947.1| PROBABLE FIMBRIAL ASSEMBLY TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN... [Ralstonia solanacearum GMI1000] emb|CAD16533.1| probable fimbrial assembly transmembrane protein [Ralstonia solanacearum] NP_520947.1 1.3 24% ...

Determination of Crosslink Concentration by Mooney-Rivlin Equation for Vulcanized NR/ SBR Blend and its Influence on Mechanical Properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azreen Izzati Dzulkifli; Che Mohd Som Said; Han, C.C.

2015-01-01

Crosslink concentration is an important property affecting the major characteristic of cured rubber. The crosslink concentration was determined using Mooney-Rivlin equation due to its simple and reliable method. Cured natural rubber and styrene butadiene rubber blend (NR/SBR) with different crosslink concentrations were obtained with different blend ratios of 100/0, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60 and 0/100. The crosslink concentrations were determined using Mooney-Rivlin Equation and its influence on International Rubber Hardness Tester (IRHD), tensile strength and rebound resilience of NR/ SBR blend vulcanizates was investigated. The results showed different blend ratios had an influence on the crosslink concentration of the NR/ SBR blend vulcanizates. Obtained data showed that high NR content in NR/ SBR blend increased the crosslink concentration. The highest crosslink concentration recorded was for 100/0 blend ratio which was 0.0498 mol kg"-"1 RH while the lowest was 0.0295 mol kg"-"1 RH for 0/100 blend ratio. The study on the influence of crosslink concentration on IRHD, tensile strength and rebound resilience of NR/ SBR blend vulcanizates showed that the mechanical properties increased linearly with the crosslink concentration. High NR content in NR/ SBR blends resulted in higher crosslink concentration which improved the performance of mechanical properties for NR/ SBR blend. (author)

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-PTRO-15-0056 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-PTRO-15-0056 ref|YP_605216.1| hypothetical protein Dgeo_1752 [Deinococcus geothermal...is DSM 11300] gb|ABF46047.1| hypothetical protein Dgeo_1752 [Deinococcus geothermalis DSM 11300] YP_605216.1 0.001 28% ...

APLICAÇÃO DAS NORMAS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO AOS SISTEMAS DE ENSINO DOS ESTADOS FEDERADOS E DOS MUNICÍPIOS

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Aristides Cimadon

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Este artigo procurou apresentar um estudo no sentido de clarificar de que forma se aplicam as normas federais de educação aos sistemas estaduais de ensino. Procurou-se fazer um estudo das competências dos Entes Federados no que se refere à educação e, à luz do Direito Educacional, por meio de análise sistemática, apresentou-se uma posição doutrinária a respeito da eficácia das normas federais nos sistemas de ensino dos Estados e dos Municípios, com o objetivo de orientar gestores e educadores nas decisões a respeito das normas de educação. É consabido que os sistemas de ensino, a partir do que determina a Constituição brasileira em seu artigo 211, seguindo a proposição republicana federativa, têm autonomia de competências desde que respeitada a legislação geral nacional determinada pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (Lei n. 9.394/96 (BRASIL, 1996. Palavras-chave: Educação. Ensino. Sistemas de ensino. Direito Educacional.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-RNOR-15-0146 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-RNOR-15-0146 ref|ZP_01088600.1| hypothetical protein DSM3645_08977 [Blastopirellula marina DSM... 3645] gb|EAQ82519.1| hypothetical protein DSM3645_08977 [Blastopirellula marina DSM 3645] ZP_01088600.1 0.003 27% ...

A role of periaqueductal grey NR2B-containing NMDA receptor in mediating persistent inflammatory pain

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Yang Qi

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract The midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG is a structure known for its roles in pain transmission and modulation. Noxious stimuli potentiate the glutamate synaptic transmission and enhance glutamate NMDA receptor expression in the PAG. However, little is known about roles of NMDA receptor subunits in the PAG in processing the persistent inflammatory pain. The present study was undertaken to investigate NR2A- and NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in the PAG and their modulation to the peripheral painful inflammation. Noxious stimuli induced by hind-paw injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA caused up-regulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in the PAG, while NR2A-containing NMDA receptors were not altered. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that NMDA receptor mediated mEPSCs were increased significantly in the PAG synapse during the chronic phases of inflammatory pain in mice. PAG local infusion of Ro 25-6981, an NR2B antagonist, notably prolonged the paw withdrawal latency to thermal radian heat stimuli bilaterally in rats. Hyperoside (Hyp, one of the flavonoids compound isolated from Rhododendron ponticum L., significantly reversed up-regulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in the PAG and exhibited analgesic activities against persistent inflammatory stimuli in mice. Our findings provide strong evidence that up-regulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in the PAG involves in the modulation to the peripheral persistent inflammatory pain.

Preliminary study of semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) as secondary gelling agent in natural rubber (NR) latex foam

Science.gov (United States)

Norhazariah, S.; Azura, A. R.; Azahari, B.; Sivakumar, R.

2017-12-01

Semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) product is considerably cheaper and easier to produce as a natural polysaccharide, which was utilized in food and other product application. However, the application in latex is limited. The aim of this work is to evaluate the SRC produced from low industrial grade seaweed (LIGS) in the latex foam application. The FTIR spectra showed the SRC produced as kappa type carrageenan with lower sulfur content compared to native LIGS. NR latex foam is produced by using the Dunlop method with some modifications. The effect of SRC loading as a secondary gelling agent in NR latex foam is investigated. The density and morphology of the NR latex foam with the addition of the SRC are analyzed. NR latex foam density increased with SRC loading and peaked at 1.8 phr SRC. The addition of SRC has induced the bigger cell size compared to the cell size of the control NR latex foam, as shown in the optical micrograph. It can be concluded that SRC LIGS could be acted as secondary gelling agent in NR latex foam.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Polysaccharide Fraction of Curcuma longa Extract (NR-INF-02).

Science.gov (United States)

Illuri, Ramanaiah; Bethapudi, Bharathi; Anandakumar, Senthilkumar; Murugan, Sasikumar; Joseph, Joshua A; Mundkinajeddu, Deepak; Agarwal, Amit; Chandrasekaran, C V

2015-01-01

The aim of the study was to investigate the safety and anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharide fraction (F1) of Curcuma longa extract (NR-INF-02) in classical rodent models of inflammation. F1 was evaluated for its acute oral toxicity and found to be safe upto 5000 mg/kg body weight in rats. The anti-inflammatory activity of F1 was evaluated in acute (carrageenan - induced paw edema; xylene - induced ear edema) and chronic (cotton pellet - induced granuloma) models of inflammation. The results of the study demonstrated that F1 significantly (p ≤ 0.05) inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema at 1 h and 3 h at doses of 11.25, 22.5 and 45 mg/kg body weight in rats. Also, F1 at doses of 15.75, 31.5 and 63 mg/kg significantly inhibited the xylene induced ear edema in mice. In a chronic model, F1 at 11.25, 22.5 and 45 mg/kg doses produced significant reduction of wet and dry weights of cotton pellets in rats. Overall results indicated that F1 of NR-INF-02 significantly attenuated acute and chronic inflammation in rodent models. This study emphasizes on the importance of Curcuma longa polysaccharide's role in acute and chronic inflammation.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-OLAT-15-0022 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-OLAT-15-0022 ref|NP_001073692.1| solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters...), member 3 [Bos taurus] gb|AAI26742.1| Solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), member 3 [Bos taurus] NP_001073692.1 9e-68 49% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-PTRO-15-0056 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-PTRO-15-0056 ref|ZP_01461160.1| hypothetical protein STIAU_5108 [Stigmatella a...urantiaca DW4/3-1] gb|EAU68077.1| hypothetical protein STIAU_5108 [Stigmatella aurantiaca DW4/3-1] ZP_01461160.1 0.014 35% ...

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-RNOR-15-0017 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-RNOR-15-0017 ref|YP_867496.1| MJ0042 family finger-like protein [Magnetococcus... sp. MC-1] gb|ABK46090.1| MJ0042 family finger-like protein [Magnetococcus sp. MC-1] YP_867496.1 1e-36 42% ...

"Peer Review: Nonroad (NR) Updates to Population Growth, Compression Ignition (CI) Criteria, Toxic Emission Factors and Speciation Profiles"

Science.gov (United States)

This report focuses on the methodology for estimating growth in NR engine populations as used in the MOVES201X-NONROAD emission inventory model. MOVES NR growth rates start with base year engine populations and estimate growth in the populations of NR engines, while applying cons...

NORMAS BRASILEÑAS E INTERNACIONALES DE CONTABILIDAD APLICADAS AL SECTOR PÚBLICO Y EL DESAFÍO DE LA CONVERGENCIA: UN ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO – IPSAS Y NBCTSP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Rodrigues Fragoso

2012-11-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el estadio actual de convergencia conceptual entre las normas brasileñas de contabilidad aplicadas al sector público (NBCTSP y las International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS. La complejidad y diversidad de transacciones entre entidades del sector público o privado, generada por la internacionalización de mercados, demandan una evaluación continua y dinámica de los eventos que promueven la modificación cuantitativa o cualitativa de un patrimonio. Para ese proceso de evaluación, la observación de los principios y normas de contabilidad es importante para garantizar, entre otras características de la información, la comprensibilidad y posibilidad de comparación, reduciendo costes a los inversores y usuarios, en general, considerando las barreras encontradas en la diversidad de idiomas, culturas, políticas fiscales y económicas. Para el análisis de convergencia, fue efectuado un estudio comparativo del contenido de las normas, a partir de un análisis descriptivo, con el intuito de verificar la adherencia existente entre las normas brasileñas e internacionales aplicadas al sector público. Los resultados encontrados destacan que todavía hay diversos aspectos a ser discutidos para una efectiva convergencia a las normas internacionales; esta convergencia actual es parcial. No obstante, se verifica que las NBCTSPs presentan una exposición conceptual de calidad mientras que las IPSAS presentan un contenido más enfocado en procedimientos operacionales.

Tubin: Sinfonie nr. 11 (ergänzt von Kaljo Raid) / Christoph Schlüren

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Schlüren, Christoph

1997-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Tubin: Sinfonie nr. 11 (ergänzt von Kaljo Raid); Pärt: Nekrolog op. 5, Sinfonie nr. 1; Tüür: Searching for Roots, Insula deserta, Zeitraum. Königliches Philharmonisches Orchester Stockholm, Paavo Järvi". Virgin/EMI CD 5 45212 2 (WD:71'34") DDD

Analysis of the gene coding for steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1, NR5A1) in a cohort of 50 Egyptian patients with 46,XY disorders of sex development.

Science.gov (United States)

Tantawy, Sally; Mazen, Inas; Soliman, Hala; Anwar, Ghada; Atef, Abeer; El-Gammal, Mona; El-Kotoury, Ahmed; Mekkawy, Mona; Torky, Ahmad; Rudolf, Agnes; Schrumpf, Pamela; Grüters, Annette; Krude, Heiko; Dumargne, Marie-Charlotte; Astudillo, Rebekka; Bashamboo, Anu; Biebermann, Heike; Köhler, Birgit

2014-05-01

Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1, NR5A1) is a key transcriptional regulator of genes involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Recently, SF1 mutations were found to be a frequent cause of 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) in humans. We investigate the frequency of NR5A1 mutations in an Egyptian cohort of XY DSD. Clinical assessment, endocrine evaluation and genetic analysis of 50 Egyptian XY DSD patients (without adrenal insufficiency) with a wide phenotypic spectrum. Molecular analysis of NR5A1 gene by direct sequencing followed by in vitro functional analysis of the two novel missense mutations detected. Three novel heterozygous mutations of the coding region in patients with hypospadias were detected. p.Glu121AlafsX25 results in severely truncated protein, p.Arg62Cys lies in DNA-binding zinc finger, whereas p.Ala154Thr lies in the hinge region of SF1 protein. Transactivation assays using reporter constructs carrying promoters of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), CYP11A1 and TESCO core enhancer of Sox9 showed that p.Ala154Thr and p.Arg62Cys mutations result in aberrant biological activity of NR5A1. A total of 17 patients (34%) harboured the p.Gly146Ala polymorphism. We identified two novel NR5A1 mutations showing impaired function in 23 Egyptian XY DSD patients with hypospadias (8.5%). This is the first study searching for NR5A1 mutations in oriental patients from the Middle East and Arab region with XY DSD and no adrenal insufficiency, revealing a frequency similar to that in European patients (6.5-15%). We recommend screening of NR5A1 in patients with hypospadias and gonadal dysgenesis. Yearly follow-ups of gonadal function and early cryoconservation of sperms should be performed in XY DSD patients with NR5A1 mutations given the risk of future fertility problems due to early gonadal failure.

ENGENHARIA DE SEGURANÇA E MEDIDAS DE CONTROLE DE UM LABORATÓRIO DE VACINA VIRAL VETERINÁRIA - ESTUDO DE CASO / ENGINEERING AND SAFETY ACTIONS OF A VETERINARY VIRAL VACCINE LABORATORY - A CASE STUDY

OpenAIRE

Glaucia Aparecida PRATES; Maria Cristina Pacheco do NASCIMENTO; Danielle GOVEIA; Cristiane Inácio de CAMPOS; Maristela GAVA

2013-01-01

O presente trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar as medidas de controle em um laboratório de vacina viral veterinária de Curitiba através de análise documental. Avaliar o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs) e (EPCs) através de análise do Programa de Prevenção de Riscos Ambientais - PPRA e identificar a conformidade dos riscos biológico, químico e físico de acordo com as Normas Regulamentadoras 6 (NR 6) e 9 (NR 9) . O objeto de estudo foi o laboratório de vacina viral de uma instit...

Las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera: historia, impacto y nuevos retos de la IASB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nadia Ugalde Binda

2014-06-01

Full Text Available La internacionalización de las transacciones comerciales de la postguerra, la expansión empresarial a través de fusiones y adquisiciones así como el interés de abarcar carteras de inversiones más diversificadas, obligan a los organismos a redactar estándares contables uniformes en todos los países que permitan la comparabilidad de la información financiera para estas nuevas “compañías multinacionales” (Zeff, 2012. Así surge en 1973 la IASC, con sede en Londres como un primer intento de establecer los estándares básicos internacionales llamados Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad. En este artículo se hace un recorrido histórico de las instituciones involucradas en la formulación de estas normas, las implicaciones que su aplicación ha tenido sobre los estados financieros, cómo algunos países han hecho adaptaciones a las mismas y cuáles son los principales retos que la IASB debe afrontar en el futuro.

Analisis Minat Beli Konsumen Sabun Cair Lux, Biore dan Lifebuoy di Kotamadya Yogyakarta Ditinjau dari Pengaruh Sikapnya Setelah Melihat Iklan di Televisi dan Norma Subyektif

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Albari Albari

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Salah satu program pemasaran yang intensitasnya semakin gencar dilakukan berupa periklanan merek di media televisi, termasuk pada sabun cuci cair. Kegiatan ini dimaksudkan untuk mempengaruhi minat konsumen untuk membeli, baik melalui sikap konsumen dan atau norma subyektif. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Reasoned Action Model yang dianggap representatif mampu mengungkap minat beli konsumen.Populasi penelitian adalah konsumen potensial yang sudah pernah melihat iklan sabun cair merek Lux, Biore dan Lifebuoy di televisi Data penelitian diperoleh melalui dua tahap penyebaran angket dan dilakukan secara convenience sampling dan area random sampling. Hipotesis diuji melalui pendekatan uji–beda Friedman, serta analisis regresi dan koefisien determinan yang dikuatkan dengan uji-t dan uji-F pada taraf signifikansi 5%.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 10 atribut produk sabun cair dan empat kelompok referen relevan dijadikan sebagai dasar analisis. Di samping itu ada perbedaan keyakinan konsumen bahwa membeli sabun cair merek Lux, Biore atau Lifebuoy menimbulkan akibat tertentu. Perbedaan juga terjadi pada keyakinan normatif kon¬sumen. Secara umum faktor evaluasi lebih dominan berpengaruh positif terhadap sikap konsumen dibandingkan dengan keyakinan konsumen. Pengaruh positif dari keyakinan normatif konsumen dan atau motivasi untuk mengi¬kuti referen terhadap norma subyektif menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda-beda, dan tidak ada pengaruh positif si¬kap dan norma subyektif terhadap minat konsumen untuk membeli sabun cair Lux, Biore atau Lifebuoy.Keyword: Sikap, norma subyektif, minat membeli

iNR-PhysChem: a sequence-based predictor for identifying nuclear receptors and their subfamilies via physical-chemical property matrix.

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Xuan Xiao

Full Text Available Nuclear receptors (NRs form a family of ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate a wide variety of biological processes, such as homeostasis, reproduction, development, and metabolism. Human genome contains 48 genes encoding NRs. These receptors have become one of the most important targets for therapeutic drug development. According to their different action mechanisms or functions, NRs have been classified into seven subfamilies. With the avalanche of protein sequences generated in the postgenomic age, we are facing the following challenging problems. Given an uncharacterized protein sequence, how can we identify whether it is a nuclear receptor? If it is, what subfamily it belongs to? To address these problems, we developed a predictor called iNR-PhysChem in which the protein samples were expressed by a novel mode of pseudo amino acid composition (PseAAC whose components were derived from a physical-chemical matrix via a series of auto-covariance and cross-covariance transformations. It was observed that the overall success rate achieved by iNR-PhysChem was over 98% in identifying NRs or non-NRs, and over 92% in identifying NRs among the following seven subfamilies: NR1--thyroid hormone like, NR2--HNF4-like, NR3--estrogen like, NR4--nerve growth factor IB-like, NR5--fushi tarazu-F1 like, NR6--germ cell nuclear factor like, and NR0--knirps like. These rates were derived by the jackknife tests on a stringent benchmark dataset in which none of protein sequences included has ≥60% pairwise sequence identity to any other in a same subset. As a user-friendly web-server, iNR-PhysChem is freely accessible to the public at either http://www.jci-bioinfo.cn/iNR-PhysChem or http://icpr.jci.edu.cn/bioinfo/iNR-PhysChem. Also a step-by-step guide is provided on how to use the web-server to get the desired results without the need to follow the complicated mathematics involved in developing the predictor. It is anticipated that iNR-PhysChem may

NMDAR NR2A and NR2B specific PKC-dependent regulation of mGluR is defective in the Fragile X Syndrome mouse model

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Banke, Tue G.; Toft, Anna Karina; Lundbye, Camilla Johanne

The Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) animal model, the Fmr1 knock-out (KO) mouse, has demonstrated an increased mGluR5-mediated long-term depression (LTD). However, surprisingly little information exists about other ion channels/receptors and their effects on FXS, including NMDA receptors (NMDAR). Here we....... Furthermore, in this model it appears that NR2B activation stimulates PKC, while NR2A activation halts or reverses this effect. In addition, in the KO mice, the coupling between specific NMDAR subunits and mGluR-LTD activity through PKC seems defective in an age-dependent manner. These findings suggest strong...

Studies for the elaboration of standards of energy efficiency in constructions; Estudios para la elaboracion de normas de eficiencia energetica en edificaciones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramos Niembro, Gaudencio; Heard, Christopher [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Hernandez Pensado, Fernando [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (Mexico)

1999-07-01

The obtaining of the first drafts of standard of energy efficiency implicate diverse research work previous to its elaboration, which include the justification and the analysis of the reason of the variables to consider, the corresponding cost-benefit study that gives viability to the standard and a procedure of calculation for its fulfillment. The present paper relates the diverse aspects that were analyzed for the justification, the revision and the obtaining of the first drafts of the first standards of energy efficiency in nonresidential constructions that are hoped to be implemented in Mexico. [Spanish] La obtencion de los anteproyectos de norma de eficiencia energetica implica diversos trabajos de investigacion previos a su elaboracion, los cuales incluyen la justificacion y el analisis del porque de las variables a considerar, el estudio costo- beneficio correspondiente, que da viabilidad a la norma y un procedimiento de calculo para su cumplimiento. El presente trabajo relata los diversos aspectos que se analizaron para la justificacion, la revision y la obtencion de los anteproyectos de las primeras normas de eficiencia energetica en edificaciones no residenciales que se esperan implantar en Mexico.

Study of rheological, viscoelastic and vulcanization behavior of sponge EPDM/NR blended nano- composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashir, M Arshad; Shahid, M; Ahmed, Riaz; Yahya, A G

2014-01-01

In this research paper the effect of blending ratio of natural rubber (NR) with Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) were investigated. Different samples of EPDM/NR ratio were prepared to study the variation of NR in EPDM on rheology, curing characteristics, tangent δ, and viscosity variation during vulcanization of sponge nano composites.The main aim of present research is to develop elastomeric based sponge composites with the blending ratio of base elastomers along with the carbon nano particles for high energy absorbing and damping applications. The curing characteristics, rheology and viscoelastic nature of the composite is remarkably influenced with the progressive blending ratio of the base elastomeric matrix

Study of rheological, viscoelastic and vulcanization behavior of sponge EPDM/NR blended nano-composites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashir, M. A.; Shahid, M.; Ahmed, R.; Yahya, A. G.

2013-01-01

In this research paper the effect of blending ratio of natural rubber (NR) with Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) were investigated. Different samples of EPDM/NR ratio were prepared to study the variation of NR in EPDM on rheology, curing characteristics, tangent d, and viscosity variation during vulcanization of sponge nano composites. The main aim of present research is to develop elastomeric based sponge composites with the blending ratio of base elastomers along with the carbon nano particles for high energy absorbing and damping applications. The curing characteristics, rheology and viscoelastic nature of the composite is remarkably influenced with the progressive blending ratio of the base elastomeric matrix. (author)

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-HSAP-15-0004 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-HSAP-15-0004 ref|YP_177750.1| PE-PGRS FAMILY PROTEIN [Mycobacterium tuberculosis... H37Rv] pir||E70824 hypothetical glycine-rich protein Rv0746 - Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain H37RV) e...mb|CAE55316.1| PE-PGRS FAMILY PROTEIN [Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv] YP_177750.1 2e-10 33% ...

Entre el juego y la agresión: Normas y reglas del evento comunicativo lúdico en un contexto escolar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luisa Fernanda Guarín-García

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación tuvo como propósito comprender la agresión comunicativa entre estudiantes de cuarto grado de primaria. Nos enfocamos en el análisis de la agresión como un tipo de evento comunicativo que se desarrolla a través de normas de interacción e interpretación lingüística -verbales y no verbales- aprendidas y desarrolladas en comunidades de habla específicas. A través de un ejercicio extenso de etnografía de aula realizamos un análisis de actos comunicativos entre los escolares, especialmente durante los juegos. Analizamos las normas de interacción e interpretación puestas en escena durante eventos comunicativos escolares y lúdicos, para conocer los procesos de articulación de los enunciados interpretados como agresivos por los niños y las niñas. Los resultados señalan que en la dimensión comunicativa del juego escolar pueden surgir agresiones debido al manejo que los participantes hacen de las reglas y las normas comunicativas desarrolladas en el entorno cultural en el cual crecen e interactúan. El conjunto de competencias comunicativas aprendidas suele ser aprovechado para legitimar actos e interacciones agresivas de manera implícita, e incluirlo como parte de su cotidianidad escolar.

Host range expansion and increased damage potential of Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Florida

Science.gov (United States)

Ambrosia beetles in the Euwallacea nr. fornicatus complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) vector Fusarium spp. fungi pathogenic to susceptible hosts, including avocado. The Florida avocado production area in Miami-Dade County was surveyed for E. nr. fornicatus upon observations of initial damage in 2016...

The role of linked phospholipids in the rubber-filler interaction in carbon nanotube (CNT) filler natural rubber (NR) composites

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Le, H.H.; Abhijeet, S.; Ilish, S.; Klehm, J.; Henning, S.; Beiner, M.; Sarkawi, S.S.; Dierkes, Wilma K.; Das, A.; Fischer, D.; Stöckelhuber, K.-W.; Wiessner, S.; Khatiwada, S.P.; Adhikari, R.; Pham, T.; Heinrich, G.; Radusch, H.-J.

2014-01-01

The aim of the present work is to evidence the role of the linked phospholipids of natural rubber (NR) in the rubber-carbon nanotube (CNT) interactions in rubber composites. Three rubbers namely NR, deproteinized NR (DPNR) and a synthetic rubber isoprene (IR) were used as matrix for CNTs. The

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-DRER-15-0167 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-DRER-15-0167 ref|XP_709805.1| PREDICTED: melatonin receptor 1B isoform 2 [Dani...o rerio] ref|XP_001333291.1| PREDICTED: similar to melatonin receptor 1B [Danio rerio] emb|CAI11795.1| melatonin... receptor 1B [Danio rerio] emb|CAM14076.1| melatonin receptor 1B [Danio rerio] XP_709805.1 1e-109 65% ...

Normas de traducción en las versiones inglesa, alemana, francesa, portuguesa y rusa de Cien años de soledad de Gabriel García Márquez

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergio Bolaños Cuéllar

2012-03-01

Full Text Available En este artículo propongo revisar las normas generales de traducción que se emplearon en las traducciones inglesa, alemana, francesa, portuguesa y rusa de Cien años de soledad. En primer lugar, discuto la noción de normas desde un enfoque socio-cultural con el fin de proponer una definición de normas de traducción que pueda servir de concepto central en el análisis de las diversas traducciones. La discusión se lleva a cabo en el marco de los Estudios de la Traducción Modernos, con carácter empírico, que se basan en la comparación textual del original y las traducciones. Por último, se presentan las conclusiones respectivas.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Nr dan Nbr dengan Bahan Pengisi Silika terhadap Sifat Fisika Kompon Rol Karet Cpo

OpenAIRE

Prasetya, Hari Adi

2010-01-01

The research aimed to obtain the influence of natural rubber NR, synthetic rubber NBR and alumunium silikat (AISiO₃) as a filler, its physical properties and also to find out rubber compound the best for rubber mixture with variation of NR : NBR 50, 70 : 30, 90 : 10 hr and variation of aluminium silikat (ASiO₂) 45 phr, 50 phr, 55 phr. The result showed that the addition of rubber NR : NBR ratio and alumunium silikat (ASiO₂) had significant effect on the hardness, tensile strength, abration re...

nr0b1 (DAX1) mutation in zebrafish causes female-to-male sex reversal through abnormal gonadal proliferation and differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Sijie; Zhang, Hefei; Wang, Fenghua; Zhang, Wei; Peng, Gang

2016-09-15

Sex determinations are diverse in vertebrates. Although many sex-determining genes and pathways are conserved, the mechanistic roles of these genes and pathways in the genetic sex determination are not well understood. DAX1 (encoded by the NR0B1 gene) is a vertebrate specific orphan nuclear receptor that regulates gonadal development and sexual determination. In human, duplication of the NR0B1 gene leads to male-to-female sex reversal. In mice, Nr0b1 shows both pro-testis and anti-testis functions. We generated inheritable nr0b1 mutation in the zebrafish and found the nr0b1 mutation caused homozygous mutants to develop as fertile males due to female-to-male sex reversal. The nr0b1 mutation did not increase Caspase-3 labeling nor tp53 expression in the developing gonads. Introduction of a tp53 mutation into the nr0b1 mutant did not rescue the sex-reversal phenotype. Further examination revealed reduction in cell proliferation and abnormal somatic cell differentiation in the nr0b1 mutant gonads at the undifferentiated and bi-potential ovary stages. Together, our results suggest nr0b1 regulates somatic cell differentiation and cell proliferation to ensure normal sex development in the zebrafish. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Activation of nuclear receptor NR5A2 increases Glut4 expression and glucose metabolism in muscle cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bolado-Carrancio, A. [Department of Molecular Biology, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL, Santander (Spain); Riancho, J.A. [Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U.M. Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, RETICEF, Santander (Spain); Sainz, J. [Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-University of Cantabria, Santander (Spain); Rodríguez-Rey, J.C., E-mail: rodriguj@unican.es [Department of Molecular Biology, University of Cantabria, IDIVAL, Santander (Spain)

2014-04-04

Highlights: • NR5A2 expression in C2C12 is associated with myotube differentiation. • DLPC induces an increase in GLUT4 levels and glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes. • In high glucose conditions the activation of NR5A2 inhibits fatty acids oxidation. - Abstract: NR5A2 is a nuclear receptor which regulates the expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, pluripotency maintenance and cell differentiation. It has been recently shown that DLPC, a NR5A2 ligand, prevents liver steatosis and improves insulin sensitivity in mouse models of insulin resistance, an effect that has been associated with changes in glucose and fatty acids metabolism in liver. Because skeletal muscle is a major tissue in clearing glucose from blood, we studied the effect of the activation of NR5A2 on muscle metabolism by using cultures of C2C12, a mouse-derived cell line widely used as a model of skeletal muscle. Treatment of C2C12 with DLPC resulted in increased levels of expression of GLUT4 and also of several genes related to glycolysis and glycogen metabolism. These changes were accompanied by an increased glucose uptake. In addition, the activation of NR5A2 produced a reduction in the oxidation of fatty acids, an effect which disappeared in low-glucose conditions. Our results suggest that NR5A2, mostly by enhancing glucose uptake, switches muscle cells into a state of glucose preference. The increased use of glucose by muscle might constitute another mechanism by which NR5A2 improves blood glucose levels and restores insulin sensitivity.

Activation of nuclear receptor NR5A2 increases Glut4 expression and glucose metabolism in muscle cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bolado-Carrancio, A.; Riancho, J.A.; Sainz, J.; Rodríguez-Rey, J.C.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • NR5A2 expression in C2C12 is associated with myotube differentiation. • DLPC induces an increase in GLUT4 levels and glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes. • In high glucose conditions the activation of NR5A2 inhibits fatty acids oxidation. - Abstract: NR5A2 is a nuclear receptor which regulates the expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, pluripotency maintenance and cell differentiation. It has been recently shown that DLPC, a NR5A2 ligand, prevents liver steatosis and improves insulin sensitivity in mouse models of insulin resistance, an effect that has been associated with changes in glucose and fatty acids metabolism in liver. Because skeletal muscle is a major tissue in clearing glucose from blood, we studied the effect of the activation of NR5A2 on muscle metabolism by using cultures of C2C12, a mouse-derived cell line widely used as a model of skeletal muscle. Treatment of C2C12 with DLPC resulted in increased levels of expression of GLUT4 and also of several genes related to glycolysis and glycogen metabolism. These changes were accompanied by an increased glucose uptake. In addition, the activation of NR5A2 produced a reduction in the oxidation of fatty acids, an effect which disappeared in low-glucose conditions. Our results suggest that NR5A2, mostly by enhancing glucose uptake, switches muscle cells into a state of glucose preference. The increased use of glucose by muscle might constitute another mechanism by which NR5A2 improves blood glucose levels and restores insulin sensitivity

El reconocimiento jurisprudencial de la tortura y de la desaparición forzada de personas como normas imperativas de derecho internacional público

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Gonzalo Aguilar Cavallo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Una de las características más sobresalientes de la realidad jurídica del mundo moderno consiste en la presencia creciente del Derecho Internacional contemporáneo al momento de adoptar decisiones legislativas o jurisprudenciales en el ámbito de la jurisdicción interna de los Estados. Una de las principales normas que aparecen como cruciales en este aspecto son aquellas llamadas normas de ius cogens. Tanto tribunales internacionales como regionales y nacionales están reconociendo y recurriendo cada vez más a estas normas imperativas e inderogables. Debido a los acontecimientos ocurridos en el mundo, especialmente en el último tiempo, ciertas normas imperativas, como la prohibición de la tortura, adquieren para los órganos legislativos, ejecutivos y judiciales de los Estados una función inspiradora y orientadora fundamental. La actividad jurisprudencial desarrollada por los órganos jurisdiccionales tanto internacionales como extranjeros, constituye una demostración de que, debido a la interacción e interdependencia creciente entre el derecho interno y el Derecho Internacional, sin lugar a dudas, estas normas jugarán un rol mayor en el ámbito interno de los EstadosOne of the most outstanding features of the modern world legal current issues consists in increasing presence of the contemporary international law at the moment of adopting law making or judicial decisions within states domestic jurisdiction. One of the main provisions that appear to be crucial in this aspect is those called imperative or ius cogens. International, regional and national tribunals are increasingly recognizing and applying these imperative and non derogable norms. Due to the world events especially in recent times, some peremptory norms like the prohibition of torture provide legislative, executive and judicial state's bodies with a major inspiring and guiding role. As a result of the hierarchy of these norms and the increasing interaction and

LA OPINIÓN DEL ALUMNADO SOBRE LAS NORMAS DE CONVIVENCIA: ESTUDIO DE UN INSTITUTO DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA DE LA CIUDAD DE CEUTA

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Francisco Díaz Rosas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo, forma parte de una investigación más extensa realizada en un Instituto de Educación Secundaria de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta que abarcó diferentes aspectos relacionados con la convivencia escolar y cuyo principal objetivo era la elaboración del Plan de Convivencia del centro. Una de las líneas de trabajo de dicho Plan se centró en una serie de actuaciones dirigidas a los alumnos. Para ello se recabó la opinión de una muestra de alumnos de ambos ciclos de ESO en relación a las normas de convivencia como paso previo para el diseño de las actividades. De este modo se pudo comprobar cuáles son los aspectos que merecen mayor atención y, al mismo tiempo, determinar las posibles causas del incumplimiento de las normas. Entre los objetivos del estudio se encuentran la determinación del grado de conocimiento quelos alumnos tienen de las normas, su participación en la elaboración de las mismas, la finalidad que le atribuyen y el grado de cumplimiento de las mismas. Destacan dos tipos de conclusiones: de un lado, la gran mayoría declara conocer las normas de convivencia, que estas son necesarias, aclaran lo que está permitido y lo que no, y reconocen su valor educativo al estar puestas más para prevenir que para castigar; de otro, la mayoría considera que las normas de convivencia no son justas, que los profesores no colaboran para conseguir su cumplimiento, y que los alumnos han participado poco en su elaboración. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se sugiere abordar la necesaria adaptación y modificación del reglamento de régimen interior con la participación de todos los sectores de la comunidad educativa y, en vez de centrarse obsesivamente en las medidas sancionadoras debe orientarse aconcretar aquellos aspectos que hagan del centro un lugar de convivencia, optimizando los recursos humanos y materiales en el marco de la legislación.

Reologi, sifat aging, termal, dan swelling dari campuran EPDM/NR dengan bahan pengisi carbon black N220

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Arum Yuniari

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The blends of EPDM and NR are immiscible in nature and incompatible. Introducing maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer into the blends was expected to produce compatible blends with balanced mechanical properties. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of EPDM/NR ratio on the rheological, aging, thermal and swelling properties of the blends. The variation of EPDM/NR ratio were 100/0, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, and 40/60 phr. The blends were mixed using two roll mill. The results showed that the addition of NR affects the maximum torque, scorch time, and optimum vulcanization time. In the blends, EPDM plays an important role in improving aging, swelling, thermal properties.

Adaptación de la norma NTC 6001:2008 a micro y pequeñas empresas (MYPES) de software, utilizando como marco de referencia COMPETISOFT

OpenAIRE

Valencia Duque, Francisco Javier

2008-01-01

La norma técnica colombiana NTC 6001:2008, es una norma de calidad orientada a las MYPES, que establece los requisitos fundamentales para implementar un sistema de gestión de calidad en cualquier sector económico. En el sector del software, en los últimos años varias entidades del orden nacional e internacional, han venido desarrollando modelos de calidad de software diferentes a los tradicionales (CMMI, ISO 9001) para volver más productivas y competitivas las micro y pequeñas factorías de so...

Application of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes (δ(15N and δ(13C to quantify food chain length and trophic structure.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matthew J Perkins

Full Text Available Increasingly, stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ(15N and carbon (δ(13C are used to quantify trophic structure, though relatively few studies have tested accuracy of isotopic structural measures. For laboratory-raised and wild-collected plant-invertebrate food chains spanning four trophic levels we estimated nitrogen range (NR using δ(15N, and carbon range (CR using δ(13C, which are used to quantify food chain length and breadth of trophic resources respectively. Across a range of known food chain lengths we examined how NR and CR changed within and between food chains. Our isotopic estimates of structure are robust because they were calculated using resampling procedures that propagate variance in sample means through to quantified uncertainty in final estimates. To identify origins of uncertainty in estimates of NR and CR, we additionally examined variation in discrimination (which is change in δ(15N or δ(13C from source to consumer between trophic levels and among food chains. δ(15N discrimination showed significant enrichment, while variation in enrichment was species and system specific, ranged broadly (1.4‰ to 3.3‰, and importantly, propagated variation to subsequent estimates of NR. However, NR proved robust to such variation and distinguished food chain length well, though some overlap between longer food chains infers a need for awareness of such limitations. δ(13C discrimination was inconsistent; generally no change or small significant enrichment was observed. Consequently, estimates of CR changed little with increasing food chain length, showing the potential utility of δ(13C as a tracer of energy pathways. This study serves as a robust test of isotopic quantification of food chain structure, and given global estimates of aquatic food chains approximate four trophic levels while many food chains include invertebrates, our use of four trophic level plant-invertebrate food chains makes our findings relevant for a majority

Application of Nitrogen and Carbon Stable Isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) to Quantify Food Chain Length and Trophic Structure

Science.gov (United States)

Perkins, Matthew J.; McDonald, Robbie A.; van Veen, F. J. Frank; Kelly, Simon D.; Rees, Gareth; Bearhop, Stuart

2014-01-01

Increasingly, stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) are used to quantify trophic structure, though relatively few studies have tested accuracy of isotopic structural measures. For laboratory-raised and wild-collected plant-invertebrate food chains spanning four trophic levels we estimated nitrogen range (NR) using δ15N, and carbon range (CR) using δ13C, which are used to quantify food chain length and breadth of trophic resources respectively. Across a range of known food chain lengths we examined how NR and CR changed within and between food chains. Our isotopic estimates of structure are robust because they were calculated using resampling procedures that propagate variance in sample means through to quantified uncertainty in final estimates. To identify origins of uncertainty in estimates of NR and CR, we additionally examined variation in discrimination (which is change in δ15N or δ13C from source to consumer) between trophic levels and among food chains. δ15N discrimination showed significant enrichment, while variation in enrichment was species and system specific, ranged broadly (1.4‰ to 3.3‰), and importantly, propagated variation to subsequent estimates of NR. However, NR proved robust to such variation and distinguished food chain length well, though some overlap between longer food chains infers a need for awareness of such limitations. δ13C discrimination was inconsistent; generally no change or small significant enrichment was observed. Consequently, estimates of CR changed little with increasing food chain length, showing the potential utility of δ13C as a tracer of energy pathways. This study serves as a robust test of isotopic quantification of food chain structure, and given global estimates of aquatic food chains approximate four trophic levels while many food chains include invertebrates, our use of four trophic level plant-invertebrate food chains makes our findings relevant for a majority of ecological systems

Application of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes (δ(15)N and δ(13)C) to quantify food chain length and trophic structure.

Science.gov (United States)

Perkins, Matthew J; McDonald, Robbie A; van Veen, F J Frank; Kelly, Simon D; Rees, Gareth; Bearhop, Stuart

2014-01-01

Increasingly, stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ(15)N) and carbon (δ(13)C) are used to quantify trophic structure, though relatively few studies have tested accuracy of isotopic structural measures. For laboratory-raised and wild-collected plant-invertebrate food chains spanning four trophic levels we estimated nitrogen range (NR) using δ(15)N, and carbon range (CR) using δ(13)C, which are used to quantify food chain length and breadth of trophic resources respectively. Across a range of known food chain lengths we examined how NR and CR changed within and between food chains. Our isotopic estimates of structure are robust because they were calculated using resampling procedures that propagate variance in sample means through to quantified uncertainty in final estimates. To identify origins of uncertainty in estimates of NR and CR, we additionally examined variation in discrimination (which is change in δ(15)N or δ(13)C from source to consumer) between trophic levels and among food chains. δ(15)N discrimination showed significant enrichment, while variation in enrichment was species and system specific, ranged broadly (1.4‰ to 3.3‰), and importantly, propagated variation to subsequent estimates of NR. However, NR proved robust to such variation and distinguished food chain length well, though some overlap between longer food chains infers a need for awareness of such limitations. δ(13)C discrimination was inconsistent; generally no change or small significant enrichment was observed. Consequently, estimates of CR changed little with increasing food chain length, showing the potential utility of δ(13)C as a tracer of energy pathways. This study serves as a robust test of isotopic quantification of food chain structure, and given global estimates of aquatic food chains approximate four trophic levels while many food chains include invertebrates, our use of four trophic level plant-invertebrate food chains makes our findings relevant for a majority of

IGF-1-Involved Negative Feedback of NR2B NMDA Subunits Protects Cultured Hippocampal Neurons Against NMDA-Induced Excitotoxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yun; Sun, Wei; Han, Song; Li, Jianing; Ding, Shu; Wang, Wei; Yin, Yanling

2017-01-01

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in neuronal polarity and axonal guidance. In our previous study, it was discovered that IGF-1 alleviated 50-μM NMDA-induced excitotoxicity against neuronal autophagy via depression of NR2B p-Ser1303 activation. However, it was found that NMDA at a higher dose did not cause neuronal autophagy. And, the performance of IGF-1 under severe excitotoxicity still needs to be clarified. In this study, we observed that IGF-1 can salvage the hippocampal neurons in an autophagy-independent manner after 150-μM NMDA exposure using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Western blot assay, and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, over-activation of post-synaptic NMDARs was found with the whole-cell patch clamp recording method. In order to explore whether there is a positive feedback way for post-synaptic NMDARs and the different pathway caused by 150 μM NMDA, the phosphorylation level of Fyn and the phosphorylation site of NR2B were investigated. It was observed that NR2B p-Tyr1472 was increased by the activation of Fyn after 150-μM NMDA exposure. When the neutralizing antibody against NR2B p-Ser1303 was added into the medium, both the activations of Fyn and NR2B p-Tyr1472 were blocked, suggesting NR2B p-Ser1303 may be the initial step of NMDA-induced excitotoxicity. In addition, since IGF-1 can block the initial step of NR2B activation, its effect is concluded to continue with the development of excitotoxicity. Overall, this study strongly indicates that the relationship between different phosphorylation sites of NR2B should be laid more emphasis on, which may be a vital target for the NR2B-involved excitotoxicity.

Radiation Crosslinking of Small Electrical Wire Insulator Fabricated from NR-LDPE Blend

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chyagrit, S.

2006-01-01

Blending of block natural rubber (STR-5L) and LDPE with phthalic anhydride (PA) as copatibilizer was put to the test for the purpose of a fabrication into small electrical wire insulator. It was found that PA at concentration of 1.0 - 1.5% in NR/PE of 50/50 so fabricated into the insulator, after gamma ray cross-linked at a dose of 180 kGy in limited air, could meet Thai Industrial Standard (TIS) 11-2531 of small eletrical insulator (<300 V). Effect of radiation dose on tensile, hardness, elongation at break, modulus 100%, limiting oxigen index (LOI) were investigated. It was noted that to comply with TIS 11-2531 for vertical flame retardance test, a suitable flame retardance was needed for the insulator

Resistencia de Mycobacterium tuberculosis a los fármacos antituberculosos en menores de 15 años en Colombia

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Claudia Llerena

2010-09-01

Conclusiones. Este análisis demuestra que existen debilidades en el cumplimiento de las normas, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico y la identificación de los patrones de resistencia en menores de 15 años. Éste es un tema en el cual se debe explorar más.

La desaplicación de normas estatutarias por parte del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Víctor Orozco Solano

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio sobre el mecanismo de la desaplicación de normas estatuarias por inconstitucionalidad utilizado por el Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones y su posible intromisión en la esfera de competencia de la Sala Constitucional. Expone la naturaleza del recurso de amparo, el control de constitucionalidad y la aplicación del instrumento procesal en materia electoral con el objetivo de determinar la procedencia o no de dicha atribución en manos del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones.

Orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 is a negative regulator of DHT-induced rat preantral follicular growth.

Science.gov (United States)

Xue, Kai; Liu, Jia-yin; Murphy, Bruce D; Tsang, Benjamin K

2012-12-01

Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member1 (NR4A1), an orphan nuclear receptor, is involved in the transcriptional regulation of thecal cell androgen biosynthesis and paracrine factor insulin-like 3 (INSL3) expression. Androgens are known to play an important regulatory role in ovarian follicle growth. Using a chronically androgenized rat model, a preantral follicle culture model and virus-mediated gene delivery, we examined the role and regulation of NR4A1 in the androgenic control of preantral follicular growth. In the present study, Ki67 staining was increased in preantral follicles on ovarian sections from 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated rats. Preantral follicles from DHT-treated rats cultured for 4 d exhibited increased growth and up-regulation of mRNA abundance of G(1)/S-specific cyclin-D2 (Ccnd2) and FSH receptor (Fshr). Similarly, DHT (1 μm) increased preantral follicular growth and Ccnd2 and Fshr mRNA abundance in vitro. The NR4A1 expression was high in theca cells and was down-regulated by DHT in vivo and in vitro. Forced expression of NR4A1 augmented preantral follicular growth, androstenedione production, and Insl3 expression in vitro. Inhibiting the action of androgen (with androgen receptor antagonist flutamide) or INSL3 (with INSL3 receptor antagonist INSL3 B-chain) reduced NR4A1-induced preantral follicular growth. Furthermore, NR4A1 overexpression enhanced DHT-induced preantral follicular growth, a response attenuated by inhibiting INSL3. In conclusion, DHT promotes preantral follicular growth and attenuates thecal NR4A1 expression in vivo and in vitro. Our findings are consistent with the notion that NR4A1 serves as an important point of negative feedback to minimize the excessive preantral follicle growth in hyperandrogenism.

A mollusk VDR/PXR/CAR-like (NR1J) nuclear receptor provides insight into ancient detoxification mechanisms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cruzeiro, Catarina, E-mail: catarinarcruzeiro@hotmail.com [ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U. Porto - University of Porto (Portugal); CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); Lopes-Marques, Mónica, E-mail: monicaslm@hotmail.com [ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U. Porto - University of Porto (Portugal); CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); Ruivo, Raquel, E-mail: ruivo.raquel@gmail.com [CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); Rodrigues-Oliveira, Nádia, E-mail: nadia.oliveira@ciimar.up.pt [CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); Santos, Miguel M., E-mail: santos@ciimar.up.pt [CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U. Porto (Portugal); Rocha, Maria João, E-mail: mjsrocha@netcabo.pt [ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U. Porto - University of Porto (Portugal); CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); Rocha, Eduardo, E-mail: erocha@icbas.up.pt [ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U. Porto - University of Porto (Portugal); CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); Castro, L. Filipe C., E-mail: filipe.castro@ciimar.up.pt [CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, U. Porto (Portugal); FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, U. Porto (Portugal)

2016-05-15

Highlights: • A nuclear receptor orthologue of the NR1J group is isolated from a mollusc. • The molluscan NR1J transactivates gene expression upon exposure to okadaic acid but not a pesticide, esfenvarelate and triclosan. • Lineage specific gene duplications and gene loss have occurred in the NR1J of protostomes with likely impacts on detoxification mechanisms. - Abstract: The origin and diversification of the metazoan endocrine systems represents a fundamental research issue in biology. Nuclear receptors are critical components of these systems. A particular group named VDR/PXR/CAR (NR1I/J) is central in the mediation of detoxification responses. While orthologues have been thoroughly characterized in vertebrates, a sparse representation is currently available for invertebrates. Here, we provide the first isolation and characterization of a lophotrochozoan protostome VDR/PXR/CAR nuclear receptor (NR1J), in the estuarine bivalve the peppery furrow shell (Scrobicularia plana). Using a reporter gene assay, we evaluated the xenobiotic receptor plasticity comparing the human PXR with the S. plana NR1Jβ. Our results show that the molluscan receptor responds to a natural toxin (okadaic acid) in a similar fashion to that reported for other invertebrates. In contrast, the pesticide esfenvalerate displayed a unique response, since it down regulated transactivation at higher concentrations, while for triclosan no response was observed. Additionally, we uncovered lineage specific gene duplications and gene loss in the gene group encoding NRs in protostomes with likely impacts on the complexity of detoxification mechanisms across different phyla. Our findings pave the way for the development of multi-specific sensor tools to screen xenobiotic compounds acting via the NR1I/J group.

A mollusk VDR/PXR/CAR-like (NR1J) nuclear receptor provides insight into ancient detoxification mechanisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cruzeiro, Catarina; Lopes-Marques, Mónica; Ruivo, Raquel; Rodrigues-Oliveira, Nádia; Santos, Miguel M.; Rocha, Maria João; Rocha, Eduardo; Castro, L. Filipe C.

2016-01-01

Highlights: • A nuclear receptor orthologue of the NR1J group is isolated from a mollusc. • The molluscan NR1J transactivates gene expression upon exposure to okadaic acid but not a pesticide, esfenvarelate and triclosan. • Lineage specific gene duplications and gene loss have occurred in the NR1J of protostomes with likely impacts on detoxification mechanisms. - Abstract: The origin and diversification of the metazoan endocrine systems represents a fundamental research issue in biology. Nuclear receptors are critical components of these systems. A particular group named VDR/PXR/CAR (NR1I/J) is central in the mediation of detoxification responses. While orthologues have been thoroughly characterized in vertebrates, a sparse representation is currently available for invertebrates. Here, we provide the first isolation and characterization of a lophotrochozoan protostome VDR/PXR/CAR nuclear receptor (NR1J), in the estuarine bivalve the peppery furrow shell (Scrobicularia plana). Using a reporter gene assay, we evaluated the xenobiotic receptor plasticity comparing the human PXR with the S. plana NR1Jβ. Our results show that the molluscan receptor responds to a natural toxin (okadaic acid) in a similar fashion to that reported for other invertebrates. In contrast, the pesticide esfenvalerate displayed a unique response, since it down regulated transactivation at higher concentrations, while for triclosan no response was observed. Additionally, we uncovered lineage specific gene duplications and gene loss in the gene group encoding NRs in protostomes with likely impacts on the complexity of detoxification mechanisms across different phyla. Our findings pave the way for the development of multi-specific sensor tools to screen xenobiotic compounds acting via the NR1I/J group.

La importancia relativa en auditoría. Las nuevas normas internacionales en comparación con la normativa vigente en Iberoamérica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Javier Martínez García

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Como se sabe, actualmente estamos inmersos en una profunda crisis financiera internacional. Ante esta situación, resulta necesario introducir, entre otras medidas, mayores y mejores mecanismos de control para lograr una información contable plenamente transparente. En este sentido, la Federación Internacional de Contadores (ifac está revisando y actualizando las Normas Internacionales de Auditoría (nias, que constituyen el referente mundial más importante de los principios y requisitos que deben seguir los auditores para cumplir de la forma más adecuada su función como agentes que garanticen la fiabilidad de la información contable publicada por las empresas. De las nias existentes, se revisaron particularmente la 320 y la 450, las cuales regulan la aplicación de la importancia relativa por los auditores, dada la importancia del concepto en la planeación, ejecución y finalización de las auditorías y las críticas que su inapropiada utilización ha recibido en los últimos años. Específicamente, analizamos el contenido actualizado de ambas normas, que entrarán en vigor a partir del 15 de diciembre de 2009, y las comparamos con sus análogas en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, España, México y Portugal. Debido a la aceptación mundial de las nias, es necesario que los organismos reguladores en estos países emprendan el camino hacia su adopción o convergencia.

The orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 (Nur77) regulates oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic cancer cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Syng-Ook; Jin, Un-Ho; Kang, Jeong Han; Kim, Sang Bae; Guthrie, Aaron S; Sreevalsan, Sandeep; Lee, Ju-Seog; Safe, Stephen

2014-04-01

NR4A1 (Nur77, TR3) is an orphan nuclear receptor that is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and exhibits pro-oncogenic activity. RNA interference of NR4A1 expression in Panc-1 cells induced apoptosis and subsequent proteomic analysis revealed the induction of several markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, including glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP), and activating transcription factor-4 (ATF-4). Treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with the NR4A1 antagonist 1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)methane (DIM-C-pPhOH) gave similar results. Moreover, both NR4A1 knockdown and DIM-C-pPhOH induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induction of ROS and endoplasmic reticulum stress by these agents was attenuated after cotreatment with antioxidants. Manipulation of NR4A1 expression coupled with gene expression profiling identified a number of ROS metabolism transcripts regulated by NR4A1. Knockdown of one of these transcripts, thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5), recapitulated the elevated ROS and endoplasmic reticulum stress; thus, demonstrating that NR4A1 regulates levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress and ROS in pancreatic cancer cells to facilitate cell proliferation and survival. Finally, inactivation of NR4A1 by knockdown or DIM-C-pPhOH decreased TXNDC5, resulting in activation of the ROS/endoplasmic reticulum stress and proapoptotic pathways. The NR4A1 receptor is pro-oncogenic, regulates the ROS/endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways, and inactivation of the receptor represents a novel pathway for inducing cell death in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 12(4); 527-38. ©2014 AACR.

Efeito da ordem de adição de componentes nas propriedades de misturas NR/BR Properties of NR/BR mixtures and their dependence on the preparation mode

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniele F. Castro

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Misturas de elastômeros vêm sendo largamente utilizadas na indústria de borracha com a finalidade de se conseguir propriedades específicas, sem a necessidade de sintetizar novos polímeros. O polibutadieno puro (BR não apresenta boas características de processamento e de resistência à tração e ao rasgamento sendo, por essa razão, normalmente utilizado em misturas com outros elastômeros, principalmente NR e SBR. Tais misturas são amplamente utilizadas na indústria de pneus. Neste trabalho o polibutadieno (BR foi misturado à borracha natural (NR na proporção de 1:1 em peso. As composições foram preparadas em misturador de cilindros, empregando-se quatro maneiras distintas de incorporação dos aditivos. Após a vulcanização, foram estudadas as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à tração, ao rasgamento e dureza e a morfologia das composições. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de apresentarem a mesma formulação, as propriedades das misturas são bastante influenciadas pelo modo de preparo.Elastomer Blends have been widely used in the rubber industry with the purpose of reaching specific properties without the need of synthesizing new polymers. Polybutadiene rubber (BR presents poor stress and tear strengths, which is the main reason why BR is usually blended with NR and SBR. These blends are extensively used in the manufacture of tyres. In this work natural rubber (NR was mixed to polybutadiene rubber (BR in a 50:50 w/w ratio. The compositions were prepared in a two-roll mill employing four different modes of introducing the additives. After vulcanization, the mixtures were studied with evaluation of their mechanical (stress and tear strengths and hardness properties and morphology. The results show that the properties varied even using the same NR/BR formulations due to the different preparation techniques.

Expression of NR1I3 in mouse lung tumors induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukumasu, H.; Cordeiro, Y.G.; Rochetti, A.L.; Barra, C.N.; Sámora, T.S.; Strefezzi, R.F.; Dagli, M.L.Z.

2015-01-01

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 (NR1I3) is reported to be a possible novel therapeutic target for some cancers, including lung, brain and hematopoietic tumors. Here, we characterized expression of NR1I3 in a mouse model of lung carcinogenesis induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), the most potent tobacco carcinogen. Lung tumors were collected from mice treated with NNK (400 mg/kg) and euthanized after 52 weeks. Benign and malignant lesions were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded for histology and immunohistochemistry, with samples snap-frozen for mRNA analysis. Immunohistochemically, we found that most macrophages and type I and II pneumocytes expressed NR1I3, whereas fibroblasts and endothelial cells were NR1I3 − . Compared with benign lesions, malignant lesions had less NR1I3 + tumor cells. Gene expression analysis also showed an inverse correlation between NR1I3 mRNA expression and tumor size (P=0.0061), suggesting that bigger tumors expressed less NR1I3 transcripts, in accordance with our immunohistochemical NR1I3 tests. Our results indicate that NR1I3 expression decreased during progression of malignant lung tumors induced by NNK in mice

Expression of NR1I3 in mouse lung tumors induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukumasu, H.; Cordeiro, Y.G.; Rochetti, A.L.; Barra, C.N.; Sámora, T.S.; Strefezzi, R.F. [Laboratório de Oncologia Comparada e Translacional, Departmento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP (Brazil); Dagli, M.L.Z. [Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental e Comparada, Departmento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2015-02-13

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 (NR1I3) is reported to be a possible novel therapeutic target for some cancers, including lung, brain and hematopoietic tumors. Here, we characterized expression of NR1I3 in a mouse model of lung carcinogenesis induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), the most potent tobacco carcinogen. Lung tumors were collected from mice treated with NNK (400 mg/kg) and euthanized after 52 weeks. Benign and malignant lesions were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded for histology and immunohistochemistry, with samples snap-frozen for mRNA analysis. Immunohistochemically, we found that most macrophages and type I and II pneumocytes expressed NR1I3, whereas fibroblasts and endothelial cells were NR1I3{sup −}. Compared with benign lesions, malignant lesions had less NR1I3{sup +} tumor cells. Gene expression analysis also showed an inverse correlation between NR1I3 mRNA expression and tumor size (P=0.0061), suggesting that bigger tumors expressed less NR1I3 transcripts, in accordance with our immunohistochemical NR1I3 tests. Our results indicate that NR1I3 expression decreased during progression of malignant lung tumors induced by NNK in mice.

Dynamic aperture of NR-2000 in the work regime with a small radiation emittance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zelinskij, A.Yu.; Karnaukhov, I.M.; Kononenko, S.G.; Tarasenko, A.S.

1991-01-01

NR-2000 is an electron storage ring installation with 6-pole magnets compensating its chromatism. The results of NR-2000 dynamic aperture numerical modelling in 6-dimension space are given. Perturbation of the equilibrium orbit and that of magnetic field up to the third order of magnitude were taken into consideration. Calculations were made according to DeCA programme. 7 refs.; 5 figs. (author)

Convergência de fato ou de direito? A influência do sistema jurídico na aceitação das normas internacionais para pequenas e médias empresas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Henrique Silva do Carmo

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Para uma norma contábil ser eficaz no cumprimento do seu objetivo ela deve ser aceita no meio social. Esta pesquisa investiga o impacto do sistema jurídico na aceitação das normas internacionais, objetivando verificar se o ambiente jurídico (Common Law e Code Law influencia a opinião das partes interessadas no processo contábil em relação à norma para Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME. A utilização da norma para PMEs ressalta, ainda mais, a relevância dos resultados obtidos, pois ela irá afetar a rotina contábil da maioria das empresas existentes nos países que estão adotando ou pretendem adotar as normas internacionais e não apenas as grandes corporações de capital aberto. Os dados foram coletados das opiniões sobre 4 perguntas utilizadas pelo IASB no seu Discussion Paper de criação da norma para PMEs. Os respondentes foram classificados de acordo com o sistema jurídico dos seus países de origem e conforme a entidade ou classe que representavam. Os achados da pesquisa indicam que não existem diferenças significativas entre as respostas aos questionamentos do IASB com base no sistema jurídico de origem do respondente e nem diferenças significativas nas respostas levando em conta diferentes categorias de respondentes. A inferência que pode ser tirada desta pesquisa é que, mesmo em países com sistemas jurídicos distintos, as opiniões dos representantes da contabilidade se alinham, o que pode ser um indício de que uma convergência de fato e não apenas de direito pode ser obtida com a introdução de padrões internacionais para as PMEs, o que contraria grande parte da literatura sobre o assunto.

Análise da relação entre normas de sistema de gestão (ISO 9001, ISO 14001, NBR 16001 e OHSAS 18001 e a sustentabilidade empresarial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camila dos Santos Ferreira

Full Text Available Resumo A sustentabilidade pode ser inserida no contexto empresarial como uma forma de minimizar impactos causados pelos processos produtivos. Organizações utilizam as normas dos sistemas de gestão para satisfazer os anseios das partes interessadas. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a relação entre normas de sistemas de gestão (ISO 14001, ISO 9001, OHSAS 18001 e NBR 16001 e a sustentabilidade empresarial. O objetivo foi alcançado seguindo as seguintes etapas: Primeiramente, os requisitos da sustentabilidade empresarial foram identificados, baseados em Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial, Indicadores Ethos e Global Reporting Initiative. Posteriormente, a matriz que relaciona os requisitos da sustentabilidade e os das normas foi construída. A matriz foi preenchida pela pesquisadora e por mais seis especialistas. As respostas foram consolidadas, gerando-se a Matriz de Relação Consolidada, a qual foi analisada e interpretada. As relações foram classificadas como forte, moderada, fraca ou nula. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que ISO 9001 e OHSAS 18001 possuem relação fraca com a sustentabilidade empresarial. A ISO 14001 apresenta relação moderada e a NBR 16001, relação forte. A pesquisa concluiu que os padrões normativos podem auxiliar as empresas a introduzirem a sustentabilidade em seu contexto, no entanto, ISO 9001 e OHSAS 18001 são normas que abordam apenas alguns elementos da sustentabilidade empresarial. A NBR 16001 é a norma que mais apresenta elementos da sustentabilidade em seu escopo. Sendo assim, empresas que objetivam introduzir a sustentabilidade no ambiente corporativo poderiam focar na implementação da NBR 16001.

Aplicación de normas de ergonomia informatica en paginas web en Panama con miras a la creacion de ambientes usables por personas con discapacidad

OpenAIRE

de Fuertes, Laila V.; de Clunie, Gisela T

2012-01-01

En este trabajo presentamos un estudio, realizado en la República de Panamá, sobre la aplicación de normas de ergonomía informática en el diseño de páginas web y el nivel de aplicación de las regulaciones de ergonomía de software para páginas web en personas con discapacidad. A manera de contribución, introducimos algunos indicadores relativos al desarrollo de páginas web en Panamá, en el contexto del estudio. Un referente importante para el diagnóstico realizado, lo constituyen las Normas IS...

HCV core protein promotes hepatocyte proliferation and chemoresistance by inhibiting NR4A1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tan, Yongsheng, E-mail: yongshengtanwhu@126.com; Li, Yan, E-mail: liyansd2@163.com

2015-10-23

This study investigated the effect of HCV core protein on the proliferation of hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC), the influence of HCV core protein on HCC apoptosis induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, and the mechanism through which HCV core protein acts as a potential oncoprotein in HCV-related HCC by measuring the levels of NR4A1 and Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3), which are associated with tumor suppression and chemotherapy resistance. In the present study, PcDNA3.1-core and RUNX3 siRNA were transfected into LO2 and HepG2 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. LO2-core, HepG2-core, LO2-RUNX3 {sup low} and control cells were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin for 72 h, and cell proliferation and apoptosis were assayed using the CellTiter 96{sup ®}Aqueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay Kit. Western blot and real time PCR analyses were used to detect NR4A1, RUNX3, smad7, Cyclin D1 and BAX. Confocal microscopy was used to determine the levels of NR4A1 in HepG2 and HepG2-core cells. The growth rate of HepG2-core cells was considerably greater than that of HepG2 cells. HCV core protein increased the expression of cyclin D1 and decreased the expressions of NR4A1 and RUNX3. In LO2 – RUNX3 {sup low}, the rate of cell proliferation and the level of cisplatin resistance were the same as in the LO2 -core. These results suggest that HCV core protein decreases the sensitivity of hepatocytes to cisplatin by inhibiting the expression of NR4A1 and promoting the expression of smad7, which negatively regulates the TGF-β pathway. This effect results in down regulation of RUNX3, a target of the TGF-β pathway. Taken together, these findings indicate that in hepatocytes, HCV core protein increases drug resistance and inhibits cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expressions of NR4A1 and RUNX3. - Highlights: • HCV core protein inhibits HepG2 cell sensitivity to cisplatin. • Core expression in HepG2 decreases

HCV core protein promotes hepatocyte proliferation and chemoresistance by inhibiting NR4A1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tan, Yongsheng; Li, Yan

2015-01-01

This study investigated the effect of HCV core protein on the proliferation of hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC), the influence of HCV core protein on HCC apoptosis induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, and the mechanism through which HCV core protein acts as a potential oncoprotein in HCV-related HCC by measuring the levels of NR4A1 and Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3), which are associated with tumor suppression and chemotherapy resistance. In the present study, PcDNA3.1-core and RUNX3 siRNA were transfected into LO2 and HepG2 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. LO2-core, HepG2-core, LO2-RUNX3 "l"o"w and control cells were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin for 72 h, and cell proliferation and apoptosis were assayed using the CellTiter 96"®Aqueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay Kit. Western blot and real time PCR analyses were used to detect NR4A1, RUNX3, smad7, Cyclin D1 and BAX. Confocal microscopy was used to determine the levels of NR4A1 in HepG2 and HepG2-core cells. The growth rate of HepG2-core cells was considerably greater than that of HepG2 cells. HCV core protein increased the expression of cyclin D1 and decreased the expressions of NR4A1 and RUNX3. In LO2 – RUNX3 "l"o"w, the rate of cell proliferation and the level of cisplatin resistance were the same as in the LO2 -core. These results suggest that HCV core protein decreases the sensitivity of hepatocytes to cisplatin by inhibiting the expression of NR4A1 and promoting the expression of smad7, which negatively regulates the TGF-β pathway. This effect results in down regulation of RUNX3, a target of the TGF-β pathway. Taken together, these findings indicate that in hepatocytes, HCV core protein increases drug resistance and inhibits cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expressions of NR4A1 and RUNX3. - Highlights: • HCV core protein inhibits HepG2 cell sensitivity to cisplatin. • Core expression in HepG2 decreases expression of NR4A1

Effect of maleic anhydride on the physico-mechanical properties of NR/PE blends

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yehia, A.A.; El Elnashar, D.

2005-01-01

Blending of two or more polymers is considered as a new technique to produce new materials with new properties at low production cost and investment. Rubber / Rubber blends are well known in tire industry. In the last decade rubber and plastic blending attract the interest of many researchers and technologists. In the present work NR and LLDPE was blended in presence of maleic anhydride (MA) on a Brabender premixed at different conditions and namely temperature and time. The obtained blends were cured with sulphur and peroxide curing systems. Peroxide can crosslink both NR and PE, but the sulphur system crosslinks only the rubber phase in the blend. The data showed also that the addition of MA greatly improved the physico-mechanical properties of NR/PE blends. The surface morphology of the blends under investigation was studied by SEM. The results will be presented and discussed in detail

Kalirin Binds the NR2B Subunit of the NMDA Receptor, Altering Its Synaptic Localization and Function

KAUST Repository

Kiraly, D. D.

2011-08-31

The ability of dendritic spines to change size and shape rapidly is critical in modulating synaptic strength; these morphological changes are dependent upon rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. Kalirin-7 (Kal7), a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor localized to the postsynaptic density (PSD), modulates dendritic spine morphology in vitro and in vivo. Kal7 activates Rac and interacts with several PSD proteins, including PSD-95, DISC-1, AF-6, and Arf6. Mice genetically lacking Kal7 (Kal7KO) exhibit deficient hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) as well as behavioral abnormalities in models of addiction and learning. Purified PSDs from Kal7KO mice contain diminished levels of NR2B, an NMDA receptor subunit that plays a critical role in LTP induction. Here we demonstrate that Kal7KO animals have decreased levels of NR2B-dependent NMDA receptor currents in cortical pyramidal neurons as well as a specific deficit in cell surface expression of NR2B. Additionally, we demonstrate that the genotypic differences in conditioned place preference and passive avoidance learning seen in Kal7KO mice are abrogated when animals are treated with an NR2B-specific antagonist during conditioning. Finally, we identify a stable interaction between the pleckstrin homology domain of Kal7 and the juxtamembrane region of NR2B preceding its cytosolic C-terminal domain. Binding of NR2B to a protein that modulates the actin cytoskeleton is important, as NMDA receptors require actin integrity for synaptic localization and function. These studies demonstrate a novel and functionally important interaction between the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor and Kalirin, proteins known to be essential for normal synaptic plasticity.

Kalirin Binds the NR2B Subunit of the NMDA Receptor, Altering Its Synaptic Localization and Function

KAUST Repository

Kiraly, D. D.; Lemtiri-Chlieh, Fouad; Levine, E. S.; Mains, R. E.; Eipper, B. A.

2011-01-01

The ability of dendritic spines to change size and shape rapidly is critical in modulating synaptic strength; these morphological changes are dependent upon rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. Kalirin-7 (Kal7), a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor localized to the postsynaptic density (PSD), modulates dendritic spine morphology in vitro and in vivo. Kal7 activates Rac and interacts with several PSD proteins, including PSD-95, DISC-1, AF-6, and Arf6. Mice genetically lacking Kal7 (Kal7KO) exhibit deficient hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) as well as behavioral abnormalities in models of addiction and learning. Purified PSDs from Kal7KO mice contain diminished levels of NR2B, an NMDA receptor subunit that plays a critical role in LTP induction. Here we demonstrate that Kal7KO animals have decreased levels of NR2B-dependent NMDA receptor currents in cortical pyramidal neurons as well as a specific deficit in cell surface expression of NR2B. Additionally, we demonstrate that the genotypic differences in conditioned place preference and passive avoidance learning seen in Kal7KO mice are abrogated when animals are treated with an NR2B-specific antagonist during conditioning. Finally, we identify a stable interaction between the pleckstrin homology domain of Kal7 and the juxtamembrane region of NR2B preceding its cytosolic C-terminal domain. Binding of NR2B to a protein that modulates the actin cytoskeleton is important, as NMDA receptors require actin integrity for synaptic localization and function. These studies demonstrate a novel and functionally important interaction between the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor and Kalirin, proteins known to be essential for normal synaptic plasticity.

Combinações de empresas pelo método de compra dos ativos: análise comparativa entre as normas do IASB e as do Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christianne Calado Vieira de Melo Lopes

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo comparativo sobre uma das formas de combinações de empresas, definidas nas normas contábeis internacionais e brasileiras. A pesquisa compara os principais pronunciamentos e normas contábeis - emitidos pelos órgãos normativos contábeis - internacionais e brasileiros - relativos às combinações de empresas pelo Método de Compra. O estudo inclui, ainda, um caso prático para esta forma de combinação de empresa, baseado nas normas contábeis internacionais e brasileiras. Finalmente, o estudo mostra que as normas contábeis brasileiras não contêm pronunciamentos explícitos sobre as combinações de empresas (método de compra; estas formas de associações de negócios são praticadas nas companhias brasileiras e são regulamentadas pelas leis brasileiras. O estudo também mostra que as companhias brasileiras fazem combinações de empresas pelo Método de Compra da mesma maneira como definidas pelas normas internacionais de contabilidade.This article presents the results of a comparative study about one form of business combination, defined both by the international and Brazilian accounting standards. The research compares the main pronouncements and accounting standards - issued by international and Brazilian accounting boards - related to business combination in accordance with the purchase method. The study also includes a practical case for this form of business combination, based on the international and Brazilian accounting standards. Finally, the study shows that Brazilian accounting boards do not issue any explicit pronouncement about business combinations (purchase method and that these forms of business association are practiced by Brazilian companies and are regulated by Brazilian laws. The study also demonstrates that Brazilian companies carry out business combinations through the purchase method in the same way as defined by international accounting standards.

La gestión de la calidad en Perú: un estudio de la norma ISO 9001, sus beneficios y los principales cambios en la versión 2015

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edmundo Lizarzaburu Bolaños

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Debido a la gran relevancia que tiene la gestión de calidad en la actual coyuntura internacional, el presente trabajo de investigación revisa y analiza la más destacada norma en esta materia: la ISO 9001. En el documento, se establecen los orígenes y la evolución del término calidad. Este se define mediante la descripción de la familia de normas. Se identifican también su estructura y los principios sobre los que se basa. A partir de lo anterior, como un resultado adicional del trabajo, se detallan los beneficios cualitativos y cuantitativos que la norma brinda a las empresas que se adscriben a la misma. Por último, se establecen las principales modificaciones que incorporara la nueva ISO 9001 versión 2015.

RUÍDO OCUPACIONAL EM ESTAÇÕES DE ÔNIBUS – ESTUDO DE CASO EM ESTAÇÕES TUBO – CURITIBA – PARANÁ - BRASIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Queiroz Santana

2016-08-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar o nível de ruído ao qual o cobrador das estações de embarque e desembarque de passageiros das linhas expressas do sistema de transporte da cidade de Curitiba se encontra exposto durante sua jornada de trabalho. Toma-se para análise as estações-tubo localizadas nas avenidas Pe. Anchieta e Sete de Setembro, trechos de maior adensamento habitacional e de maior renda média da região sul da cidade.  As altas densidades e o perfil econômico produzem um maior fluxo de veículos leves o que colabora para o aumento dos níveis de ruído. De um total de 10 estações em que foram efetuadas medições do nível equivalente de ruído (Leq em intervalos de 10 minutos, observa-se conformidade acústica do ambiente de trabalho nas estações, quando consideradas as recomendações das normas nacionais NR – 15 (1992, NHO – 01 (1999 as quais legislam sobre o ruído ocupacional. Nas 10 amostras estudadas os níveis sonoros equivalentes medidos tem valores inferiores a 80 dB(A, nível sonoro que a partir do qual há a indicação de risco auditivo. Entretanto, sob as prescrições da norma brasileira que estabelece os padrões de ergonomia para o ambiente de trabalho NR – 17 esses ambientes caracterizam-se como desconfortáveis na totalidade das amostras, pois registram níveis sonoros equivalentes acima de Leq = 65 dB(A.

Degradation of blending vulcanized natural rubber and nitril rubber (NR/NBR) by dimethyl ether through variation of elastomer ratio

Science.gov (United States)

Saputra, A. H.; Juneva, S.; Sari, T. I.; Cifriadi, A.

2018-04-01

Dimethyl ether can cause degradation of the rubber material seal in some applications. In order to use of natural rubber in industry, research about a blending of natural rubber (NR) and nitrile rubber (NBR) to produce rubber to meet the standard seal material application were conducted. This study will observe the degradation mechanisms that occur in the blending natural rubber and nitrile rubber (NR/NBR) by dimethyl ether. Nitrile rubber types used in this study is medium quality nitrile rubber with 33% of acrylonitrile content (NBR33). The observed parameters are percent change in mass, mechanical properties and surface morphology. This study is limited to see the effect of variation vulcanized blending ratio (NR/NBR33) against to swelling. The increase of nitrile rubber (NBR33) ratio of blending rubber vulcanized can reduce the tensile strength and elongation. The best elastomer variation was obtained after comparing with the standard feasibility material of seal is rubber vulcanized blending (NR/NBR33) with ratio 40:60 NR: NBR.

The LANL C-NR counting room and fission product yields

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jackman, Kevin Richard [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2015-09-21

This PowerPoint presentation focused on the following areas: LANL C-NR counting room; Fission product yields; Los Alamos Neutron wheel experiments; Recent experiments ad NCERC; and Post-detonation nuclear forensics

Biodistribution, pharmacokinetic, and imaging studies with 186Re-labeled NR-LU-10 whole antibody in LS174T colonic tumor-bearing mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldrosen, M.H.; Biddle, W.C.; Pancook, J.; Bakshi, S.; Vanderheyden, J.L.; Fritzberg, A.R.; Morgan, A.C. Jr.; Foon, K.A.

1990-01-01

Biodistribution, pharmacokinetic, and radioimaging studies were performed with 186Re-labeled NR-LU-10 whole antibody in athymic nude mice bearing the LS174T tumor growing either s.c. or in an experimental hepatic metastasis model. NR-LU-10 is an IgG2b murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) that reacts with virtually all human tumors of epithelial origin. NR-BC-1, a IgG2b murine MAb that reacts with normal human B-cell and B malignancies, was used as an isotype-matched control. These MAbs were radiolabeled with 186Re by a preformed chelate approach by using the triamide thiolate ligand system. 186Re-labeled NR-LU-10 (50 microCi) was injected into nude mice bearing LS174T tumors growing s.c. Biodistribution studies revealed that the LS174T tumor retained the highest concentration of 186Re-labeled NR-LU-10 at day 6. The tumor:blood ratio ranged from 0.1:1 to 10.8:1 by day 6, the last day of analysis. In contrast the tumor:blood ratio of 186Re-labeled NR-BC-1, the isotype-matched MAb control, was 1:1 on day 6. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that the t1/2 beta of NR-LU-10 for blood and other tissues ranged from 21 to 25 h, while the t1/2 beta for the LS174T tumor averaged 52 h. The area under the curve for tumor compared to blood was 2.8- to 5.7-fold higher than the area under the curve for all other tissues and organs. The mean residence time for NR-LU-10 in blood and all other organs ranged from 23 to 26 h, while the mean residence time for NR-LU-10 in the LS174T tumor was 72 h. Scintigraphic images revealed selective uptake of the 186Re-labeled NR-LU-10, but not of the 186Re-labeled NR-BC-1, at the LS174T tumor site. Studies in an experimental model of hepatic metastasis revealed a similar selective pattern of 186Re-labeled NR-LU-10 accumulation. Scintigraphic images of the LS174T tumor growing within the athymic nude mouse liver were obtained

NR2B Expression in Rat DRG Is Differentially Regulated Following Peripheral Nerve Injuries That Lead to Transient or Sustained Stimuli-Evoked Hypersensitivity.

Science.gov (United States)

Norcini, Monica; Sideris, Alexandra; Adler, Samantha M; Hernandez, Lourdes A M; Zhang, Jin; Blanck, Thomas J J; Recio-Pinto, Esperanza

2016-01-01

Following injury, primary sensory neurons undergo changes that drive central sensitization and contribute to the maintenance of persistent hypersensitivity. NR2B expression in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) has not been previously examined in neuropathic pain models. Here, we investigated if changes in NR2B expression within the DRG are associated with hypersensitivities that result from peripheral nerve injuries. This was done by comparing the NR2B expression in the DRG derived from two modalities of the spared nerve injury (SNI) model, since each variant produces different neuropathic pain phenotypes. Using the electronic von Frey to stimulate the spared and non-spared regions of the hindpaws, we demonstrated that sural-SNI animals develop sustained neuropathic pain in both regions while the tibial-SNI animals recover. NR2B expression was measured at Day 23 and Day 86 post-injury. At Day 23 and 86 post-injury, sural-SNI animals display strong hypersensitivity, whereas tibial-SNI animals display 50 and 100% recovery from post-injury-induced hypersensitivity, respectively. In tibial-SNI at Day 86, but not at Day 23 the perinuclear region of the neuronal somata displayed an increase in NR2B protein. This retention of NR2B protein within the perinuclear region, which will render them non-functional, correlates with the recovery observed in tibial-SNI. In sural-SNI at Day 86, DRG displayed an increase in NR2B mRNA which correlates with the development of sustained hypersensitivity in this model. The increase in NR2B mRNA was not associated with an increase in NR2B protein within the neuronal somata. The latter may result from a decrease in kinesin Kif17, since Kif17 mediates NR2B transport to the soma's plasma membrane. In both SNIs, microglia/macrophages showed a transient increase in NR2B protein detected at Day 23 but not at Day 86, which correlates with the initial post-injury induced hypersensitivity in both SNIs. In tibial-SNI at Day 86, but not at Day 23

Declaraciones del Comité Internacional de Directores de Revistas Médicas anexas a las normas de Vancouver

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1998-04-01

Full Text Available Estas declaraciones, emitidas por el Comité de Directores de Revistas Médicas como publicación anexa a las normas de Vancouver, abarcan temas relacionados con algunos aspectos legales, éticos y prácticos de la publicación de trabajos de investigación, y de los comentarios que estos suscitan, en revistas biomédicas. Partiendo de la definición de lo que constituye una revista sometida a arbitraje científico, se describen las funciones de los propietarios y directores de revistas y de los miembros de una junta editorial y se establecen normas de conducta en casos de conflictos de intereses, retractaciones o correcciones, fraude y violaciones de la confidencialidad. Por último se exploran, entre otros temas, los problemas que encierra la divulgación de los resultados de investigaciones por los medios de comunicación de masas, la inclusión de material propagandístico en la revista y la aceptación simultánea de manuscritos cuyos autores llegan a conclusiones divergentes sobre los resultados de una misma investigación.

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-HSAP-15-0013 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-HSAP-15-0013 ref|XP_001106072.1| PREDICTED: similar to non imprinted in Prader...-Willi/Angelman syndrome 2 isoform a isoform 2 [Macaca mulatta] ref|XP_001106137.1| PREDICTED: similar to non imprint...oform 4 [Macaca mulatta] ref|XP_001106265.1| PREDICTED: similar to non imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome 2 isoform a isoform 5 [Macaca mulatta] XP_001106072.1 1e-115 79% ... ...DICTED: similar to non imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome 2 isoform a is...ed in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome 2 isoform a isoform 3 [Macaca mulatta] ref|XP_001106204.1| PRE

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-HSAP-15-0013 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-HSAP-15-0013 ref|NP_001008860.1| non imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndro...me 2 isoform a [Homo sapiens] ref|NP_112184.4| non imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome 2 isoform a [...Homo sapiens] ref|NP_001008892.1| non imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome 2 isoform a [Homo sapiens]... sp|Q8N8Q9|NIPA2_HUMAN Non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region pro...tein 2 sp|Q5R7Q3|NIPA2_PONPY Non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region protein 2 homolog dbj|BA

Miradas fragmentarias: sobre los desnudos en la obra fotográfica de Norma Patiño

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Raymundo Mier

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Este texto (en realidad un conjunto de breves textos pretende una aproximación a las fotografías de Norma Patiño a partir de la conjunción de tres puntos de vista: una reflexión sobre el objeto y el acto fotográficos, una reflexión sobre la condición significativa de mirada y sus límites en la aprehensión del cuerpo con el espectro de sus sentidos, y una reflexión sobre los sentidos de la experiencia corporal y la desnudez en el dominio del erotismo. Las diversas series fotográficas de Norma Patiño, que exploran por distintas vías estas tres esferas de la significación del cuerpo y la fuerza icónica de imagen fotográfica, emplean y recrean una vastedad de recursos estéticos en la tradición los desnudos fotográficos, pero también hacen visibles sus límites, sus fracturas, hace patente las tensiones a la deriva en la aprehensión de la corporalidad y en las aporías de la representación del cuerpo y del juego de la transgresión.

Normas percibidas por estudiantes peruanos acerca de sus pares y el uso de drogas Normas percebidas por estudantes peruanos sobre uso de drogas entre seus pares Perceived norms among peruvian students for drug use among peers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inés V. Bustamante

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la diferencia entre las normas percibidas sobre el uso de drogas por sus pares y el uso real de drogas entre universitarios, entre 18 y 24 años, de las áreas de salud. Se trata de un estudio transversal, basado en un censo y en un cuestionario anónimo y autoaplicado. Participaron 306 estudiantes (82%. La proporción del consumo, en el último año, fue de 51,3% para el tabaco, 90,8% para el alcohol, 5,9% para la marihuana y 0,7% para la cocaína. Se observó una diferencia entre la norma percibida de consumo y la proporción de uso real informado para el tabaco (70% vs. 51.3%, marihuana (10% vs. 5.9% y cocaína (8.3% vs. 0.7%. Se concluye que los universitarios sobrestiman el consumo de tabaco, marihuana y cocaína de sus pares.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diferença entre as normas percebidas pelos estudantes universitários, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, sobre o uso de drogas pelos seus pares e o uso de drogas relatado pelos próprios estudantes em cursos da área da saúde. Foi usado o método transversal, baseado em censo realizado através de questionário, preenchido pelos próprios estudantes, sem identificação. O número de participantes foi de 306 (82%. Como resultados obteve-se: a proporção de estudantes que utilizou drogas no último ano foi de 51,3% para o tabaco, 90,8% para o álcool, 5,9% para a maconha e 0,7% para a cocaína. Diferença entre as normas percebidas e o uso de drogas foi observada para o tabaco (70% vs 51,3%, maconha (10% vs 5.9% e cocaína (8,3% vs 0,7%. Conclui-se que os estudantes universitários apresentaram estimativa aumentada sobre o consumo de tabaco, maconha e cocaína entre seus pares.Objective: to evaluate the difference between perceived norms about drug use among peer and actual drug use as reported by the same university students. The students were between 18 and 24 years old and attended health courses. Method: cross-sectional study based on a

Microstructure, molecular weight and thermal behavior of natural rubber (NR) from mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, Expedito Flavio dos; Feitosa, Judith P.A.; Ricardo, Nagila M.P.S.

2001-01-01

The natural rubber (NR) from Hancornia speciosa contains characteristics that turns it a good alternative in elastomers supply. The NMR and IR spectra showed that the rubber of mangabeira is composed fundamentally by poly(1,4-cis-isoprene). The rubber molecular weight obtained by GPC and viscometry was 2,0x10 6 and 1,3x10 6 g/mol, respectively, in good agreement with the values determined for seringueira and manicoba NR. The glass transition temperature obtained by DSC (Tg = - 65 deg C) showed the mangabeira rubber is ideal to be utilized in regions of cold climate without compromising its mechanical properties. The rubber has also good thermal stability up to 213 deg C, as indicated by TG curves. This results indicated that the mangabeira NR can be effectively used in vulcanized articles or to be added to asphalt. (author)

Determinación de los costos por pérdidas generados por el no cumplimiento de la norma ISO 9001:2015 en una empresa comunitaria de servicios

OpenAIRE

Moran Figueroa, Lorena Maricela

2017-01-01

Diseñar un sistema de costos de calidad y no calidad para disminuir los costos por pérdidas generados por el no cumplimiento de la norma ISO 9001:2015 en la Asociación de Trabajadores Comunitarios Yachay (ASOTRCHAY) dedicada a la prestación de servicios de mantenimiento de áreas verdes y jardines del cantón Urcuquí. El presente proyecto de investigación proporciona un Manual de Costos de Calidad y no calidad basada en los requisitos de la Norma ISO 9001:2015 y estrategias de mejora continu...

Readecuación del laboratorío para análisis de materiales metalicos bajo la norma de calidad ISO 17025 y elaboración del manual de procedimientos basados en norma astm

OpenAIRE

Padilla Paredes, Carlos; Paredes V., Cecilia

2009-01-01

Este trabajo se fundamenta en la propuesta de un proyecto que consiste en desarrollar la readecuación del Laboratorio de Materiales - Área de Ensayos Metalográficos de la FIMCP bajo lineamientos de la norma ISO 17025. Para esto, se realizará una descripción clara del manejo y las características de cada uno de los equipos e instrumentos a utilizarse en el mencionado laboratorio, el cual nos permitirá complementar de manera práctica tanto la parte didáctica el estudio de los materiales ...

GLYX-13 Ameliorates Schizophrenia-Like Phenotype Induced by MK-801 in Mice: Role of Hippocampal NR2B and DISC1

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Dongsheng; Lv, Dan; Wang, Zhen; Zhang, Yanhua; Chen, Zhongming; Wang, Chuang

2018-01-01

Background: Evidence supports that the hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and downregulation of disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. N-Methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B)-containing NMDAR are associated with cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. GLYX-13 is an NMDAR glycine-site functional partial agonist and cognitive enhancer that does not induce psychotomimetic side effects. However, it remains unclear whether NR2B plays a critical role in the GLYX-13-induced alleviation of schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice. Methods: The effect of GLYX-13 was tested by observing changes in locomotor activity, novel object recognition ability, and prepulse inhibition (PPI) induced by dizocilpine (known as MK-801) in mice. Lentivirus-mediated NR2B knockdown in the hippocampus was assessed to confirm the role of NR2B in GLYX-13 pathophysiology, using Western blots and immunohistochemistry. Results: The systemic administration of GLYX-13 (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) ameliorates MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced hyperlocomotion, deficits in memory, and PPI in mice. Additionally, GLYX-13 normalized the MK-801-induced alterations in signaling molecules, including NR2B and DISC1 in the hippocampus. Furthermore, we found that NR2B knockdown produced memory and PPI deficits without any changes in locomotor activity. Notably, DISC1 levels significantly decreased by NR2B knockdown. However, the effective dose of GLYX-13 did not alleviate the memory and PPI dysfunctions or downregulation of DISC1 induced by NR2B knockdown. Conclusion: Our results suggest GLYX-13 as a candidate for schizophrenia treatment, and NR2B and DISC1 in the hippocampus may account for the molecular mechanisms of GLYX-13. PMID:29695955

Uptake of atmospheric {sup 15}NO{sub 2} and its incorporation into free amino acids wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weber, P.; Rennenberg, H. [Fraunhofer-Institut fuer Atmosphaerische Umweltforschung, Garmisch-Partenkirchen (Germany); Nussbaum, S.; Fuhrer, J. [Eidgenoessische Forschungsanstalt fuer Agrikulturchemie und Umwelthygiene, Liebefeld-Bern (Switzerland); Gfeller, H.; Schlunegger, U.P. [Inst. fuer Organische Chemie der Univ. Bern, Bern (Switzerland); Brunold, C. [Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Univ. Bern, Bern (Switzerland)

1995-06-01

Five-week-old wheat plants were exposed, under controlled environmental conditions to 60 nl l{sup -1} {sup 15}NO{sub 2} or to purified air. After 48 and 96 h of exposure, leaves, stalks and roots were analysed for {sup 15}N-enrichment in {alpha}-amino nitrogen of soluble, free amino acids. In addition, the in vitro nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) and nitrite reductase (NiR, EC 1.7.7.1) activities were determined in leaves. NR activity in the leaves decreased continuously during the 96-h exposure to purified air. In the leaves exposed to {sup 15}NO{sub 2}, NR activity increased within the first 24 h, then decreased, and reached the level of controls after 96 h. NiR activity in leaves exposed to purified air was almost constant during the 96-h exposure. In leaves exposed to {sup 15}NO{sub 2}, NiR activity increased within the first 48 h, then decreased, and reached the level of controls after 72 h. Exposure to {sup 15}NO{sub 2} enhanced the total content of soluble, free amino acids in all tissues analysed. Most of this increase was attributed to Glu in the leaves and to Asn plus Gln in the stalks and the roots. After 48 h exposure to {sup 15}NO{sub 2} the highest {sup 15}N-enrichment in the {alpha}-amino grou of soluble, free amino acids was observed in the leaves, the lowest enrichment in the roots. The main labelled amino compounds were Glu (with 8.0% {sup 15}N enrichment compared to the control), {gamma}-aminobutyric acid (GABA; 7.9%), Ala (7.2%), Ser (6,8%), Asp (5,5%) and Gln (4.6%). Appreciable incorporation of {sup 15}N into Asn was not found. After 96 h exposure to {sup 15}NO{sub 2} the {sup 15}N enrichment in the {alpha}-amino group of soluble, free amino acids in the leaves declined as compared to the values obtained after 48 h fumigation. The possible pathway and the time course of {sup 15}N incorporation into soluble, free amino acids from the {sup 15}NO{sub 2} absorbed are discussed. (au) (41 refs.)

Mice with subtle reduction of NMDA NR1 receptor subunit expression have a selective decrease in mismatch negativity: Implications for schizophrenia prodromal population.

Science.gov (United States)

Featherstone, Robert E; Shin, Rick; Kogan, Jeffrey H; Liang, Yuling; Matsumoto, Mitsuyuki; Siegel, Steven J

2015-01-01

Reductions in glutamate function are regarded as an important contributory factor in schizophrenia. However, there is a paucity of animal models characterized by developmental and sustained reductions in glutamate function. Pharmacological models using NMDA antagonists have been widely used but these typically produce only transient changes in behavior and brain function. Likewise, mice with homozygous constitutive reductions in glutamate receptor expression show stable brain and behavioral changes, but many of these phenotypes are more severe than the human disease. The current study examines a variety of schizophrenia-related EEG measures in mice with a heterozygous alteration of the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit gene (NR1) that is known to result in reduced NR1 receptor expression in the homozygous mouse (NR1-/-). (NR1+/-) mice showed a 30% reduction in NR1 receptor expression and were reared after weaning in either group or isolated conditions. Outcome measures include the response to paired white noise stimuli, escalating inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) and deviance-related mismatch negativity (MMN). In contrast to what has been reported in (NR1-/-) mice and mice treated with NMDA antagonists, (NR1+/-) mice showed no change on obligatory Event Related Potential (ERP) measures including the murine P50 and N100 equivalents (P20 and N40), or measures of baseline or evoked gamma power. Alternatively, (NR1+/-) mice showed a marked reduction in response to a deviant auditory tone during MMN task. Data suggest that EEG response to deviant, rather than static, stimuli may be more sensitive for detecting subtle changes in glutamate function. Deficits in these heterozygous NR1 knockdown mice are consistent with data demonstrating MMN deficits among family members of schizophrenia patients and among prodromal patients. Therefore, the current study suggests that (NR1+/-) mice may be among the most sensitive models for increased vulnerability to schizophrenia. Copyright �

An open-label, non-randomized study of the pharmacokinetics of the nutritional supplement nicotinamide riboside (NR) and its effects on blood NAD+ levels in healthy volunteers.

Science.gov (United States)

Airhart, Sophia E; Shireman, Laura M; Risler, Linda J; Anderson, Gail D; Nagana Gowda, G A; Raftery, Daniel; Tian, Rong; Shen, Danny D; O'Brien, Kevin D

2017-01-01

The co-primary objectives of this study were to determine the human pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral NR and the effect of NR on whole blood nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. Though mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development and progression of heart failure, no mitochondria-targeted therapies have been translated into clinical practice. Recent murine studies have reported associations between imbalances in the NADH/NAD+ ratio with mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple tissues, including myocardium. Moreover, an NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide, improved cardiac function, while another NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR), improved mitochondrial function in muscle, liver and brown adipose. Thus, PK studies of NR in humans is critical for future clinical trials. In this non-randomized, open-label PK study of 8 healthy volunteers, 250 mg NR was orally administered on Days 1 and 2, then uptitrated to peak dose of 1000 mg twice daily on Days 7 and 8. On the morning of Day 9, subjects completed a 24-hour PK study after receiving 1000 mg NR at t = 0. Whole-blood levels of NR, clinical blood chemistry, and NAD+ levels were analyzed. Oral NR was well tolerated with no adverse events. Significant increases comparing baseline to mean concentrations at steady state (Cave,ss) were observed for both NR (p = 0.03) and NAD+ (p = 0.001); the latter increased by 100%. Absolute changes from baseline to Day 9 in NR and NAD+ levels correlated highly (R2 = 0.72, p = 0.008). Because NR increases circulating NAD+ in humans, NR may have potential as a therapy in patients with mitochondrial dysfunction due to genetic and/or acquired diseases.

An open-label, non-randomized study of the pharmacokinetics of the nutritional supplement nicotinamide riboside (NR and its effects on blood NAD+ levels in healthy volunteers.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sophia E Airhart

Full Text Available The co-primary objectives of this study were to determine the human pharmacokinetics (PK of oral NR and the effect of NR on whole blood nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ levels.Though mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development and progression of heart failure, no mitochondria-targeted therapies have been translated into clinical practice. Recent murine studies have reported associations between imbalances in the NADH/NAD+ ratio with mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple tissues, including myocardium. Moreover, an NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide, improved cardiac function, while another NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR, improved mitochondrial function in muscle, liver and brown adipose. Thus, PK studies of NR in humans is critical for future clinical trials.In this non-randomized, open-label PK study of 8 healthy volunteers, 250 mg NR was orally administered on Days 1 and 2, then uptitrated to peak dose of 1000 mg twice daily on Days 7 and 8. On the morning of Day 9, subjects completed a 24-hour PK study after receiving 1000 mg NR at t = 0. Whole-blood levels of NR, clinical blood chemistry, and NAD+ levels were analyzed.Oral NR was well tolerated with no adverse events. Significant increases comparing baseline to mean concentrations at steady state (Cave,ss were observed for both NR (p = 0.03 and NAD+ (p = 0.001; the latter increased by 100%. Absolute changes from baseline to Day 9 in NR and NAD+ levels correlated highly (R2 = 0.72, p = 0.008.Because NR increases circulating NAD+ in humans, NR may have potential as a therapy in patients with mitochondrial dysfunction due to genetic and/or acquired diseases.

Etnografía acelerada para transformar normas sociales sobre género y sexualidad en hombres puertorriqueños heterosexuales1,2

Science.gov (United States)

Ortiz-Torres, Blanca; Rivera-Ortiz, Rafael J.; Mendoza, Sigrid

2014-01-01

Resumen La construcción de roles de género dominantes contribuyen al riesgo de contraer VIH, y por tal razón se ha urgido a que se integren las normas sociales relativas al género en las intervenciones preventivas del VIH. Este estudio pretende adaptar y desarrollar una intervención que facilite la transformación de normas sociales del género y de prácticas sexuales en hombres puertorriqueños. La intervención propone transformar normas sociales relacionadas al género y sexualidad en barras comunitarias utilizando el modelo de líderes de opinión. Luego de ser elegidos/as, los/as líderes de opinión diseminan mensajes integrando la importancia de relaciones equitativas entre parejas para la prevención del VIH. La primera fase de esta intervención es discutida en este artículo, la cual incluye un proceso de etnografía acelerada para identificar los escenarios comunitarios en los que podemos desarrollar esta intervención y permitirnos entender la cultura de las barras comunitarias. A partir de las observaciones etnográficas, pudimos: desarrollar un protocolo de seguridad para realizar las observaciones, desarrollar un perfil de la cultura de las barras, elegir las barras a participar en las dos condiciones del estudio y adaptar los instrumentos de la intervención para que respondieran a la particularidad de los/as participantes. PMID:25530828

La socialización de las normas internacionales de los derechos humanos en las prácticas domésticas: introducción | The socialization of international human rights norms into domestic practices: introduction

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thomas RISSE

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Thomas Risse y Kathryn Sikkink plantean en este texto la importancia del impacto de las normas internacionales en las políticas domésticas y proponen un “modelo en espiral” en cinco fases para comprender los cambios en la interiorización de los derechos humanos como norma por parte de los estados. Desarrollan una teoría que explica las etapas y los mecanismos a través de los cuales las normas internacionales generan cambios en el comportamiento de los actores internacionales y transnacionales, y que ayuda a comprender mejor el impacto general de las normas en la política internacional. Este proceso mediante el cual las normas internacionales son interiorizadas e implementadas domésticamente puede ser entendido según los autores como un proceso de socialización. In this article Thomas Risse y Kathryn Sikkink analyze the importance of international norms impact over domestic politics and propose a five phases “spiral model” to explain the changes in human rights internalization by the states. They develop a theoretical framework that explains the stages and mechanisms by which international norms promote changes in international and transnational actors behavior, and that serves to a better comprehension of the general norms impact over international politics. The process by which international norms are internalized and implented on the domestic level can be understood, according to the authors, as a socialization process.

Programación de las normas ISO 12217-1 (2011) e ISO 12217-3 (2011) para el estudio de la estabilidad y flotabilidad de embarcaciones de recreo

OpenAIRE

Gallardo Martínez, Antonio

2013-01-01

Las embarcaciones de recreo para operar dentro de la Comunidad Europea deben de obtener el marcado CE. Para ello se evalúa y clasifica su estabilidad y flotabilidad según la normativa ISO 12217 y se asigna una categoría de diseño (A, B, C o D) adecuada a su diseño y a su carga total máxima. El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo la programación de las normas ISO 12217-1 referente a embarcaciones no propulsadas a vela de eslora igual o superior a 6 m y la norma ISO 12217-3 ...

Long-term potentiation in the CA1 hippocampus induced by NR2A subunit-containing NMDA glutamate receptors is mediated by Ras-GRF2/Erk map kinase signaling.

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Shan-xue Jin

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs are major contributors to long-term potentiation (LTP, a form of synaptic plasticity implicated in the process of learning and memory. These receptors consist of calcium-permeating NR1 and multiple regulatory NR2 subunits. A majority of studies show that both NR2A and NR2B-containing NMDARs can contribute to LTP, but their unique contributions to this form of synaptic plasticity remain poorly understood. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study, we show that NR2A and NR2B-containing receptors promote LTP differently in the CA1 hippocampus of 1-month old mice, with the NR2A receptors functioning through Ras-GRF2 and its downstream effector, Erk Map kinase, and NR2B receptors functioning independently of these signaling molecules. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that NR2A-, but not NR2B, containing NMDA receptors induce LTP in pyramidal neurons of the CA1 hippocampus from 1 month old mice through Ras-GRF2 and Erk. This difference add new significance to the observation that the relative levels of these NMDAR subtypes is regulated in neurons, such that NR2A-containing receptors become more prominent late in postnatal development, after sensory experience and synaptic activity.

Auditoría al sistema de gestión ambiental de una cementera para determinar los porcentajes de adecuación a la norma venezolana covenin - iso 14001:2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Colmenárez, Alexis

2008-11-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo consiste en la combinación de técnicas de evaluación propias de estudios ambientales con procedimientos de auditoría tradicionales, con el objetivo de auditar el Sistema de Gestión Ambiental (SGA de una empresa cementera venezolana llamada Cementos Carora C. A. siguiendo los lineamientos de la norma venezolana COVENIN ISO 14001:2005 para determinar los porcentajes de adecuación a la norma. Se escoge este sector por el impacto ambiental que produce.

Qualidade e educação superior: a norma de qualidade para a aprendizagem, educação e formação: ISO/IEC 19796-1 = Quality and Higher Education: the standard ISO/IEC 19796-1 for learning, education and training

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Viebrantz, Rosalir

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Em 2005, uma nova norma de qualidade para a aprendizagem, educação e formação, a ISO/IEC 19796-1, foi publicada. O objetivo desta norma é orientar as organizações educacionais e desenvolver sistemas de qualidade e melhorar a qualidade dos seus processos, produtos e serviços. Este artigo busca entender a norma com base em conceitos de qualidade e na tendência à garantia da qualidade. A ISO/IEC é apresentada de forma sucinta, mostrando a metodologia e suas vantagens para as organizações educacionais. É ressaltado que a norma é um modelo de referência e necessita ser adaptada às necessidades e exigências de cada organização

CNE'96: National Energy Conference 'Improving Energy Efficiency in a Transition Economy'. Proceedings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petrescu, M.; Balan, Gh.; Zlatanovici, D.

1996-01-01

Every two years a national conference on energy is held in Romania under the auspices of Romanian Electricity Authority (RENEL). The CNC'96 Conference entitled 'Improving Energy Efficiency in a Transition Economy' has taken place in the Black Sea resort Neptun-Olimp, on September 1-5, 1996. The conference was divided in 8 sections covering the subjects: 1) Energy policies and strategies - Financing of refurbishment and development; 2) Clean and efficient technologies of the fossil fuels - Renewable energy sources; 3) Rehabilitation - Retrofitting of power facilities; 4) Nuclear Power; 5) Predictive and preventive maintenance technologies; 6) Management and process information systems; 7) Environment conservation and mitigating measures; and 8) Energy end-use. An opening talk was given by V.Romert, the Director General of RENEL, and keynote addresses were presented by I.Lindsay, WEC Secretary General (Energy in an era of change and the WEC within it), by J.E.Gray, Vice Chairman of the Atlantic Council of the United States (Global Energy Outlook), and by F.Meslier, Director of the EDF East Energy Unit, Ile de France and Chairman of the 37 Study Committee of CIGRE (Quelques evolutions recentes de la CIGRE et de son Comite 37). (M.C.)

Las reglas angloamericanas de catalogación y la norma ISO 690 - 1 y 2

OpenAIRE

Campos Herrera, Airelys

2007-01-01

Se define la catalogación como etapa del ciclo de procesamiento de la información, así como sus diferencias con el proceso de descripción bibliográfica. Se comparan las reglas angloamericanas de catalogación, segunda edición, con las normas ISO 690 - 1 y 2 para la descripción bibliográfica con respecto a: organismo creador, finalidad, alcance, estructura, tipos de asientos, niveles de descripción y sintaxis. Cataloguing, a phase within the cycle of information processing, as well as its di...

The effect of NMDA-NR2B receptor subunit over-expression on olfactory memory task performance in the mouse.

Science.gov (United States)

White, Theresa L; Youngentob, Steven L

2004-09-17

The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the forebrain is thought to modulate some forms of memory formation, with the NR2B subunit being particularly relevant to this process. Relative to wild-type mice, transgenic animals in which the NR2B subunit was over-expressed demonstrate superior memory in a number of behavioral tasks, including object recognition [Nature 401 (1999) 63]. The purpose of the present study was to explore the generality of such phenomena, interpreted as the effect of increasing NR2B expression on the retention of other types of sensory-related information. To accomplish this, we focused our evaluation on the highly salient sensory modality of olfaction. In the first experiment, mice performed both a novel-object-recognition task identical to that performed by Tang et al. [Nature 401 (1999) 63] and a novel-odor-recognition task analogously constructed. Although the results of the object recognition task were consistent with the previous literature, there was no evidence of an effect of NR2B over-expression on the retention of odor recognition memory in the specific task performed. As it was possible that, unlike object recognition memory, novel odor recognition is not NMDA-receptor-dependent, a second task was designed using the social transmission of food preference paradigm. In contrast to the foregoing olfactory task, there is evidence that the latter procedure is, indeed, NMDA-dependent. The results of the second study demonstrated that transgenic mice with NR2B over-expression had a clear memory advantage in this alternative odor memory paradigm. Taken together, these results suggest the NR2B subunit is an important component in some but not all forms of olfactory memory organization. Moreover, for those functions that are NMDA-receptor-dependent, these data support the growing literature demonstrating the importance of the NR2B subunit.

Modulation of expression of the nuclear receptor NR0B2 (small heterodimer partner 1 and its impact on proliferation of renal carcinoma cells

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Prestin K

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Katharina Prestin,1,* Maria Olbert,2,* Janine Hussner,1 Tamara L Isenegger,1 Daniel G Gliesche,1 Kerstin Böttcher,2 Uwe Zimmermann,3 Henriette E Meyer zu Schwabedissen1 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmacy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 2Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Institute of Pharmacology, 3Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Mammalian nuclear receptors (NRs are transcription factors regulating the expression of target genes that play an important role in drug metabolism, transport, and cellular signaling pathways. The orphan and structurally unique receptor small heterodimer partner 1 (syn NR0B2 is not only known for its modulation of drug response, but has also been reported to be involved in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Indeed, previous studies show that NR0B2 is downregulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting that NR0B2 acts as a tumor suppressor via inhibition of cellular growth and activation of apoptosis in this tumor entity. The aim of our study was to elucidate whether NR0B2 may also play a role in other tumor entities. Comparing NR0B2 expression in renal cell carcinoma and adjacent nonmalignant transformed tissue revealed significant downregulation in vivo. Additionally, the impact of heterologous expression of NR0B2 on cell cycle progression and proliferation in cells of renal origin was characterized. Monitoring fluorescence intensity of resazurin turnover in RCC-EW cells revealed no significant differences in metabolic activity in the presence of NR0B2. However, there was a significant decrease of cellular proliferation in cells overexpressing this NR, and NR0B2 was more efficient than currently used antiproliferative agents. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that heterologous overexpression of NR0B2 significantly reduced the amount of cells passing the G1 phase, while on

Creencias, actitudes y normas subjetivas como predictores de la intención de realizar comportamientos preventivos en hijos de personas que padecen diabetes mellitus tipo 2

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Eduardo Muñoz Bautista

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analizar los conocimientos, las actitudes y las normas subjetivas como predictores de la intención de realizar comportamientos preventivos en hijos de personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, en dos ciudades del estado de Hidalgo, México. Métodos: Se trata de um estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, de naturaleza analítica y transversal. A través de uma muestra probabilística de dos etapas, 246 hijos (entre 15 y 59 años de edad de pacientes apuntados en un programa de diabetes en el servicio de seguridad social fueron encuestados de manera personal. Resultados: Se observó que la reducción del riesgo de contraer diabetes afecta la intención de desarrollar comportamientos preventivos mediada por la actitud hacia la prevención (p=0,000 que es el predictor más importante de tal intención (p=0,000. Las normas subjetivas también tienen un impacto significativo en la intención del comportamiento preventivo (p=0,000, aunque la actitud hacia la prevención no es afectada por las creencias sobre la obtención (p=0,095 y la gravedad de la enfermedad (p=0,056. Conclusión: La aplicación del modelo permitió identificar aspectos relevantes para apoyar la promoción de la salud orientada a influir en los procesos de cambio de comportamiento social en uma población con el riesgo de contraer diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en México.

Integración de la herramienta SGSI tracking con la norma ISO 27001 y el reglamento de la LOPD en un entorno virtualizado

OpenAIRE

Cutanda Mompó, David Miguel

2011-01-01

Cutanda Mompó, DM. (2010). Integración de la herramienta SGSI tracking con la norma ISO 27001 y el reglamento de la LOPD en un entorno virtualizado. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/9125. Archivo delegado

Valor y distribución: de la teoría a la norma

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MARIANO FERNÁNDEZ ENGUITA

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Abordar la problemática de la desigualdad, o más exactamente de la justicia económica, requiere partir de un criterio distributivo contra el cual contrastar la distribución realmente existente. Locke propuso una teoría o norma de la apropiación original referida a la distribución de los recursos naturales, pero fue incapaz de resolver el problema de la justicia intergeneracional. Marx formuló una teoría del valor trabajo incapaz de explicar por qué el empleo de la propia actividad como trabajo, en vez de su consumo como ocio, daría derecho a la apropiación del excedente, pero el uso de la riqueza como capital en vez de su consumo como renta, no. Rawls propone una teoría liberal de la justicia, el principio de diferencia, en la que cabe admitir las desigualdades con tal de que con ellas mejore la posición del peor situado. En este artículo se defiende la pertinencia de los tres problemas, que conciernen respectivamente a la apropiación de los recursos naturales (y, por extensión, de la riqueza heredada y de los productos del trabajo y a la incentivación de las aportaciones extraordinarias. Pero se propone, también, una corrección de las tres: de la primera, sustituyendo la apropiación original por las dotaciones iniciales para dar cabida a la igualdad entre generaciones ; de la segunda, recurriendo a una norma del valor trabajo ampliada que incluya la retribución de la abstinencia, es decir, del capital ; de la tercera, en fin, sustituyendo su aceptación sin más por la idea de partir la diferencia, es decir, de reducir la recompensa por las aportaciones extraordinarias al incentivo necesario para las mismas.

New truncation mutation of the NR2E3 gene in a Japanese patient with enhanced S-cone syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuniyoshi, Kazuki; Hayashi, Takaaki; Sakuramoto, Hiroyuki; Mishima, Hiroshi; Tsuneoka, Hiroshi; Tsunoda, Kazushige; Iwata, Takeshi; Shimomura, Yoshikazu

2016-11-01

The enhanced S-cone syndrome (ESCS) is a rare hereditary retinal degeneration that has enhanced short wavelength-sensitive cone (S-cone) functions. The longitudinal clinical course of this disease has been rarely reported, and the genetic aspects of ESCS have not been well investigated in the Japanese population. In this report, we present our clinical and genetic findings for 2 patients with ESCS. The patients were 2 unrelated Japanese men. Standard ophthalmic examinations and mutation screening for the NR2E3 gene were performed. Patient 1 was a 36-year-old man, and his clinical findings were typical of ESCS. His decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0 OD and 0.5 OS after removal of cataracts. Genetic investigations revealed a homozygous truncation frameshift, the p.I307LfsX33 mutation. Patient 2 was an 11-year-old boy when he was first examined by us. His clinical findings were typical of ESCS except for uveitis in the left eye. His decimal BCVA at the age of 39 years was maintained at 1.5 in each eye, although the retinal degeneration and visual field impairments had progressed during the follow-up period. The genetic investigations revealed homozygous mutations of p.R104Q in the NR2E3 gene. The frameshift mutation, p.I307LfsX33, in the NR2E3 gene is a new causative mutation for ESCS. The clinical observations for patient 2 are the longest ever reported. The retinal degeneration caused by this mutation is slowly progressive, and these patients maintained good vision with maintenance of the foveal structure until their late thirties.

genetic overexpression of NR2B subunit enhances social recognition memory for different strains and species.

Science.gov (United States)

Jacobs, Stephanie A; Tsien, Joe Z

2012-01-01

The ability to learn and remember conspecifics is essential for the establishment and maintenance of social groups. Many animals, including humans, primates and rodents, depend on stable social relationships for survival. Social learning and social recognition have become emerging areas of interest for neuroscientists but are still not well understood. It has been established that several hormones play a role in the modulation of social recognition including estrogen, oxytocin and arginine vasopression. Relatively few studies have investigated how social recognition might be improved or enhanced. In this study, we investigate the role of the NMDA receptor in social recognition memory, specifically the consequences of altering the ratio of the NR2B:NR2A subunits in the forebrain regions in social behavior. We produced transgenic mice in which the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor was overexpressed postnatally in the excitatory neurons of the forebrain areas including the cortex, amygdala and hippocampus. We investigated the ability of both our transgenic animals and their wild-type littermate to learn and remember juvenile conspecifics using both 1-hr and 24-hr memory tests. Our experiments show that the wild-type animals and NR2B transgenic mice preformed similarly in the 1-hr test. However, transgenic mice showed better performances in 24-hr tests of recognizing animals of a different strain or animals of a different species. We conclude that NR2B overexpression in the forebrain enhances social recognition memory for different strains and animal species.

Análisis de la Norma Internacional de Información Financiera número tres combinaciones de negocios (NIIF 3) con referencia a las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad NIC 24( Información a revelar sobre partes vinculadas), NIC 27( Estados finacieros consolidados y separados), NIC 28 ( Inversiones en entidades asociadas), NIC 31 (Participaciones en negocios conjuntos ) y sus implementación en las empresas.

OpenAIRE

Cifuentes Garzón, Juan Andrés

2012-01-01

Un problema de interpretar la información financiera es la diversidad de normas contables y poder emitir un criterio que sea entendible, comparable, etc; para otros usuarios de la información y que los resultados obtenidos no pierdan credibilidad. Las IASB (Internacional Accounting Comité Foundation), para poner fin a este y varios problemas más y aumentar la transparencia de la información se comprometen a revisar las NIC (Normas internacionales de Contabilidad). Más delante de acuerdo a ...

Normas percibidas por los estudiantes universitarios hondureños acerca de sus pares y el uso de tabaco, alcohol, marihuana y cocaína Normas percebidas pelos estudantes universitários hondurenhos sobre os pares e o uso de tabaco, álcool, maconha e cocaína Perceived norms among honduran university students about peers and tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and cocaine use

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Syntia Dinora Santos Figueroa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del presente estudio fue estimar la diferencia entre las normas percibidas sobre el uso de drogas por los pares y el uso real informado por estudiantes universitarios, entre 18 a 24 años, del segundo y tercer año en el área de Educación. La teoría de las Normas Sociales fue usada como marco referencial. 286 estudiantes participaron en el estudio, el 67% expresó haber consumido alcohol al menos una vez en la vida y el 28% declaró consumirlo diariamente. Los estudiantes percibieron que 62% de sus compañeros consumen tabaco y el 63% alcohol. El estándar percibido de consumo de drogas fue ligeramente más alto entre las mujeres que en los hombres. Se concluye que los resultados indican una sobreestimación al compararse el estándar percibido con el consumo informado de tabaco y alcohol así como de marihuana y cocaína.O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a diferença entre as normas percebidas sobre o uso de drogas pelos pares e o próprio uso em estudantes universitários, entre 18 e 24 anos, do segundo e terceiro ano da área de educação. A teoria das Normas Sociais foi usada como marco referencial. Participaram do estudo 286 estudantes, sendo que 67% declararam ter consumido álcool ao menos uma vez na vida e 28%, diariamente. Os estudantes estimaram que 62% dos pares consomem tabaco e 63%, álcool. A norma percebida para o consumo de drogas foi ligeiramente mais alta em mulheres do que em homens. Como conclusão os resultados indicaram hiperestimativa ao se comparar a norma percebida com o próprio consumo, em relação ao tabaco, ao álcool, à maconha e à cocaína.The purpose of this study was to assess the difference between perceived norms and peers' drug use among sophomore and junior university students (from the field of education aged 18 to 24 years. The Social Norms Theory was used as the theoretical framework. In total, 286 students participated in the study, 67% of which reported having consumed

NR2F2 inhibits Smad7 expression and promotes TGF-β-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC via transactivation of miR-21.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Hao; Nie, Lei; Wu, Lei; Liu, Qiufang; Guo, Xueyan

2017-03-25

Metastasis is one of the most decisive factors influencing CRC patient prognosis and current studies suggest that a molecular mechanism known as EMT broadly regulates cancer metastasis. NR2F2 is a key molecule in the development of CRC, but the roles and underlying mechanisms of NR2F2 in TGF-β induced EMT in CRC remain largely unknown. In the current study, we were interested to examine the role of NR2F2 in the TGF-β-induced EMT in CRC. Here, we found NR2F2 was upregulated in CRC cells and promotes TGF-β-induced EMT in CRC. Using comparative miRNA profiling TGF-β pre-treated CRC cells in which NR2F2 had been knocked down with that of control cells, we identified miR-21 as a commonly downregulated miRNA in HT29 cells treated with TGF-β and NR2F2 siRNA, and its downregulation inhibiting migration and invasion of CRC cells. Moreover, we found NR2F2 could transcriptional activated miR-21 expression by binding to miR-21 promoter in HT29 by ChIP and luciferase assay. In the last, our data demonstrated that Smad7 was the direct target of miR-21 in CRC cells. Thus, NR2F2 could promote TGF-β-induced EMT and inhibit Smad7 expression via transactivation of miR-21, and NR2F2 may be a new common therapeutic target for CRC. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Leptin reverses corticosterone-induced inhibition of neural stem cell proliferation through activating the NR2B subunits of NMDA receptors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shi, Wen-Zhu [Anesthesia and Operation Center, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Hainan 572013 (China); Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853 (China); Miao, Yu-Liang [Department of Anesthesiology, PLA No. 306 Hospital, Beijing 100101 (China); Guo, Wen-Zhi [Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Military General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100700 (China); Wu, Wei, E-mail: wwzwgk@163.com [Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Otolaryngology, PLA No. 306 Hospital, Beijing 100101 (China); Li, Bao-Wei [Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Otolaryngology, PLA No. 306 Hospital, Beijing 100101 (China); An, Li-Na [Department of Anesthesiology, Armed Police General Hospital, Beijing 100039 (China); Fang, Wei-Wu [Department of Anesthesiology, PLA No. 306 Hospital, Beijing 100101 (China); Mi, Wei-Dong, E-mail: elite2005gg@163.com [Anesthesia and Operation Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853 (China)

2014-04-25

Highlights: • Leptin promotes the proliferation of neural stem cells isolated from embryonic mouse hippocampus. • Leptin reverses corticosterone-induced inhibition of neural stem cell proliferation. • The effects of leptin are partially mediated by upregulating NR2B subunits. - Abstract: Corticosterone inhibits the proliferation of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs). The removal of corticosterone-induced inhibition of NSCs proliferation has been reported to contribute to neural regeneration. Leptin has been shown to regulate brain development, improve angiogenesis, and promote neural regeneration; however, its effects on corticosterone-induced inhibition of NSCs proliferation remain unclear. Here we reported that leptin significantly promoted the proliferation of hippocampal NSCs in a concentration-dependent pattern. Also, leptin efficiently reversed the inhibition of NSCs proliferation induced by corticosterone. Interestingly, pre-treatment with non-specific NMDA antagonist MK-801, specific NR2B antagonist Ro 25-6981, or small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NR2B, significantly blocked the effect of leptin on corticosterone-induced inhibition of NSCs proliferation. Furthermore, corticosterone significantly reduced the protein expression of NR2B, whereas pre-treatment with leptin greatly reversed the attenuation of NR2B expression caused by corticosterone in cultured hippocampal NSCs. Our findings demonstrate that leptin reverses the corticosterone-induced inhibition of NSCs proliferation. This process is, at least partially mediated by increased expression of NR2B subunits of NMDA receptors.

Transgenerismos, una aproximación de etnografía extrema: entrevista a Norma Mejía Transgenerismos, una aproximación de etnografía extrema: entrevista a Norma Mejía

OpenAIRE

RAQUEL Osborne

2009-01-01

En formato de entrevista, se presentan aquí los ejes principales que atraviesan la vida-reflexiones-tesis de la doctora en antropología social y transexual operada Norma Mejía. Mejía narra y analiza lo que ha visto y lo que ha vivido a través del prisma de la etnografía extrema, en la cual se funden el objeto y el sujeto, la visión etic y la emic, y la persona que observa forma parte del grupo observado. La peculiaridad de su caso es el fuerte contenido autobiográfico de su discurso, que conv...

Avaliação do cumprimento da NR-18 em função do porte de obra residencial e proposta de lista de verificação da NR-18

OpenAIRE

Costella, Marcelo Fabiano; Junges, Franciele Cristina; Pilz, Silvio Edmundo

2014-01-01

O presente trabalho investiga as reais condições dos ambientes de trabalho da indústria da construção, tendo em vista os problemas relacionados à segurança do trabalho nos canteiros de obras. Formulou-se a hipótese de haver discrepância no grau de cumprimento da NR-18 em obras de diferentes portes (pequena, média e grande). Baseado em uma lista de verificação do grau de cumprimento dos requisitos da NR-18, foram avaliados 115 canteiros de obra na cidade de Chapecó - SC. Para cada item da list...

Grau de aproximação entre a Contabilidade Gerencial e a Contabilidade Financeira em função de convergência às normas do IASB

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Luciano Gilio

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar se a adoção das normas IFRS resultou em aproximação dos conceitos usados tanto pela contabilidade gerencial como pela financeira, em empresas abertas brasileiras. A convergência contábil gerou significativa alteração de padrões na contabilidade financeira como,por exemplo, a mensuração a valor justo de ativos. Por sua vez, a contabilidade gerencial possui discricionariedade na apuração de transações para os tomadores de decisão das empresas. Com base neste quadro, tem-se como hipótese básica deste trabalho que a mesma base referencial, atrelada à essência econômica, dada a adoção das normas internacionais de contabilidade, possa aproximar contabilidade financeira e gerencial. Os procedimentos metodológicos do trabalho dividem-se em duas partes. Na primeira foi feita uma análise qualitativa dos pronunciamentos do Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC, sendo selecionados os assuntos e normas com provável maior impacto na convergência para a contabilidade financeira e com possível maior relação com a contabilidade gerencial. Neste caso, a análise preliminar levou à exclusão das normas que têm uso praticamente exclusivo para usuários externos. Foram então analisadas apenasas normas consideradas mais impactantes pelo próprio cpc , com relação a 11 processos, para a tomada de decisão. Com base nesta seleção, foi enviado um questionário estruturado, com 30 perguntas, a 638 companhias abertas brasileiras, cuja taxa de resposta foi da ordem de 10%. Os resultados evidenciam que,na percepção dos respondentes,ocorreu aproximação entre as contabilidades gerencial e financeira, particularmente nos processos de depreciação, impairment, valor justo de instrumentos financeiros, combinações de negócios,intangíveis e segmentos operacionais. Em que pese o fato de a convergência ser bastante recente, os resultados fornecem evidências positivas no sentido de confirma

Friction and wear study of NR/SBR blends with Si3N4Filler

Science.gov (United States)

GaneshKumar, A.; Balaganesan, G.; Sivakumar, M. S.

2018-04-01

The aim of this paper is to investigate mechanical and frictional properties of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) blends with and without silicon nitride (Si3N4) filler. The rubber is surface modified by silane coupling agent (Si-69) for enhancing hydrophobic property. The Si3N4of percentage 0 1, 3, 5 and 7, is incorporated into NR/SBR rubber compounds with 20% precipitated silica. The specimens with and without fillers are prepared as per standard for tensile and friction testing. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy test is conducted and it is inferred that the coupling agent is covalently bonded on the surface of Si3N4 particles and an organic coating layer is formed. The co-efficient of friction and specific wear rate of NR/SBR blends are examined using an in-house built friction tester in a disc-on-plate (DOP) configuration. The specimens are tested to find coefficient of friction (COF) against steel grip antiskid plate under dry, mud, wet and oil environmental conditions. It is found that the increase in tensile strength and modulus at low percentage of Si3N4 dispersion. It is also observed that increase in sliding friction co-efficient and decrease in wear rate for 1% of Si3N4 dispersion in NR/SBR blends. The friction tested surfaces are inspected using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and 3D non contact surface profiler.

Spectroscopic studies on the interaction and sonodynamic damage of neutral red (NR) to bovine serum albumin (BSA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu Bin; Guo Ying [Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Wang, Jun, E-mail: wangjun890@126.co [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Xu Rui [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Wang Xin; Wang Dan; Zhang Liqun [Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Xu Yongnan [Department of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 (China)

2010-06-15

In this paper, the interaction of neutral red (NR) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the sonodynamic damage to BSA under ultrasonic irradiation was studied by means of ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectra. The quenching constant (K{sub SV}=5.749x10{sup 4} L/mol), binding constant (K{sub A}=3.19x10{sup 4} L/mol) and binding site number (n=0.9462) were measured. The binding distance (r=2.47 nm) between NR and BSA was obtained according to Foester's non-radiative energy transfer theory. The damage process of BSA molecules was detected by the hyperchromic effect of UV-vis spectra and quenching of intrinsic fluorescence spectra. In addition, the influencing factors such as ultrasonic irradiation time and NR concentration on the damage to BSA molecules were also considered. The results showed that the damage degree is enhanced with the increase of ultrasonic irradiation time and NR concentration. The possible mechanism of sonodynamic damage to BSA molecules was mainly mediated by singlet oxygen ({sup 1}O{sub 2}). Otherwise, the binding and damaging sites to BSA molecules were also estimated by synchronous fluorescence. The results indicated that the NR is more vicinal to tryptophan (Trp) residue than to tyrosine (Tyr) residue and the damage site is also mainly at Trp residues. The research result will bring a certain significance to use sonosensitive drugs in the fields of tumor treatment.

>RESTAURANT Nr 1 (building 501 - Meyrin site)

CERN Multimedia

2004-01-01

Customers are kindly requested to note the modified opening times of restaurant nr. 1 and the adjoining newspaper stand from Monday, January 5 to Sunday February 29, 2004: - Kiosque from Monday to Friday 07:30 - 17:00 hrs - Restaurant from Monday to Friday Saturday / Sunday 07:00 - 23:00 hrs08:00 - 21:00 hrs Hot meals will be served between 11:30 and 14:00 hrs, then from 18:00 to 19:30 hrs. Restaurant Supervisory Committee

Gestión integral de seguridad de infraestructuras críticas para las organizaciones locales alineadas a las normas IRAM ISO IEC 27.001 y 27.002

OpenAIRE

Navarro, Mirta Elizabeth; Becerra, María del Carmen

2013-01-01

Con esta propuesta de gestión integral diseñada para la protección de la información alineada a la norma IRAM ISO IEC 27001, 27002 y a las tendencias y normas de seguridad informática, consistente en la creación y adopción de un marco regulatorio que favorezca la identificación y protección de las infraestructuras estratégicas y críticas de la U.N.S.J., se favorecerá la colaboración entre los diversos sectores públicos y privados, para el desarrollo de estrategias y estructuras adecuadas para...

Valuación de Bienes de Uso en el Marco de las Nuevas Normas Contables Profesionales

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Beatriz Brozzú

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Respecto a la valuación de los Bienes de Uso el abandono de los valores corrientes, reemplazado por valores históricos, sacrifica los requisitos de aproximación a la realidad, verificabilidad y confiabilidad de la información. Al mismo tiempo, se contradice con Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad (IAS hacia las que supuestamente buscaba armonizar, ya que éstas (IAS 16 admiten revalorizaciones y desvalorizaciones, con énfasis en mostrar, en todo momento, el fair value de los Bienes de Uso.

Influence of different curing systems on the physico-mechanical properties and stability of SBR and NR rubbers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Basfar, A.A. E-mail: abasfar@kacst.edu.sa; Abdel-Aziz, M.M.; Mofti, S

2002-01-01

The physical properties of radiation, sulfur and peroxide-cured styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and natural rubber (NR) were compared. The dependence of the mechanical properties of the radiation-vulcanized SBR and NR on the coagent concentration and radiation dose was studied. The effect of thermal aging on the mechanical properties of the different rubber formulations was discussed. The radiation-cured formulations of SBR have superior mechanical properties and thermal stability compared with those of the chemically vulcanized compounds. Whereas, the radiation-cured formulations of NR have similar mechanical properties but superior thermal stability (based on the % change in E after thermal aging), when compared with those of the sulfur-vulcanized compounds and slightly better than those of the peroxide-vulcanized compounds.

Comparabilidade da informação contábil em empresas brasileiras após a adoção das normas internacionais de contabilidade

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Diane Rossi Maximiano Reina

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los niveles de comparabilidad de los informes financieros de las empresas que componen el Índice Brasil 50 - IBrX - 50 después de la adopción de las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad. Es una investigación descriptiva, cualitativa y cuantitativa, referente a los Pronunciamientos Técn icos CPCs 16, 27, 04 e 38, calculados por el índice de comparabilidad T Index. Los resultados manifiestan un nivel de comparabilidad promedio en el CPC 16 de 0,34; CPC 27 de 0,90; CPC 04 de 0,92; y CPC 38 de 0,15 (mantenidos para la venta. Los índices pro medio de comparabilidad son críticos sobre el método de mensuración y evaluación de los stocks, instrumentos financieros .

Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside Inhibits the Expression of p-CREB and NR2B in the Auditory Cortex in Rats with Salicylate-Induced Tinnitus.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Rui-Biao; Lou, Wei-Hua

2015-01-01

This study investigated the effects of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) on the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) and phosphorylated (p)-cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the auditory cortex of rats with tinnitus. Tinnitus-like behavior in rats was tested with the gap prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle paradigm. We then investigated the NR2B mRNA and protein and p-CREB protein levels in the auditory cortex of tinnitus rats compared with normal rats. Rats treated for 4 days with salicylate exhibited tinnitus. NR2B mRNA and protein and p-CREB protein levels were upregulated in these animals, with expression returning to normal levels 14 days after cessation of treatment; baseline levels of NR2B and p-CREB were also restored by GM1 administration. These data suggest that chronic salicylate administration induces tinnitus via upregulation of p-CREB and NR2B expression, and that GM1 can potentially be used to treat tinnitus.

Objekt nr 2011 / Liina Siib, Signe Kivi, Vilen Künnapu ...[jt.

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2011-01-01

Installatsioon "Objekt nr. 2011" Tallinnas Vabaduse väljakul 27.02.-20.03.2011. Arvamust avaldavad kuplis objektiks olnud. Installatsiooni autorid: Mart Koldits, Kaarel Oja, Iir Hermeliin, Indrek Tiigi, Kadri Tamre, Kadri Tikerpuu, Sirli Bergström

Biochemical contents of the ovary and hepatopancreas of Uca longisignalis and Uca nr. minaxContenido bioquímico del ovario y hepatopáncreas de Uca longisignalis y Uca nr. minax

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Barbara E. Hasek

2006-09-01

Full Text Available P align=justify>Biochemical composition of ovary and hepatopancreas tissues in wild populations of Uca longisignalis and Uca nr. minax were monitored during the reproductive season. Total lipid (concentration and content, C (carbon, N (nitrogen, and C:N ratios of the ovary and hepatopancreas were quantified over the course of ovarian maturation. Ovary lipid and C concentration varied significantly over the course of ovarian maturation for both species, but there was no relationship between lipid concentration or hepatopancreas content and the stage of ovarian development in females. Hepatopancreatic lipid and C concentration did not differ between sexes of U. nr. minax. Lipid demands of ovarian maturation thus appear to be met in large part by increased dietary intake and not purely by translocating lipid stores from the hepatopancreas. In both Uca longisignalis and U. nr. minax, the color of the hepatopancreas may be used as an indicator of the lipid and C levels of the hepatopancreas. Cadmium-yellow and lemon-yellow hepatopancreas tissues had the highest lipid concentrations. No evidence could be found to demonstrate depletion of lipid or C concentrations in the hepatopancreas concomitant with ovarian maturation.

RESTAURANT Nr 1 (building 501 - Meyrin site)

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

OPENING TIMES in JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2004 Customers are kindly requested to note the modified opening times of restaurant nr. 1 and the adjoining newspaper stand from Monday, January 5 to Sunday February 29, 2004: Kiosquefrom Monday to Friday07:30 - 17:00 hrs Restaurant from Monday to FridaySaturday / Sunday 07:00 - 23:00 hrs08:00 - 21:00 hrs Hot meals will be served between 11:30 and 14:00 hrs, then from 18:00 to 19:30 hrs. Restaurant Supervisory Committee

Down-regulation of NR2B receptors partially contributes to analgesic effects of Gentiopicroside in persistent inflammatory pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Lei; Liu, Jin-cheng; Zhang, Xiao-nan; Guo, Yan-yan; Xu, Zhao-hui; Cao, Wei; Sun, Xiao-li; Sun, Wen-ji; Zhao, Ming-Gao

2008-06-01

Gentiopicroside is one of the secoiridoid compound isolated from Gentiana lutea. It exhibits analgesic activities in the mice. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a forebrain structure known for its roles in pain transmission and modulation. Painful stimuli potentiate the prefrontal synaptic transmission and induce glutamate NMDA NR2B receptor expression in the ACC. But little is known about Gentiopicroside on the persistent inflammatory pain and chronic pain-induced synaptic transmission changes in the ACC. The present study was undertaken to investigate its analgesic activities and central synaptic modulation to the peripheral painful inflammation. Gentiopicroside produced significant analgesic effects against persistent inflammatory pain stimuli in mice. Systemic administration of Gentiopicroside significantly reversed NR2B over-expression during the chronic phases of persistent inflammation caused by hind-paw administration of complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA) in mice. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings revealed that Gentiopicroside significantly reduced NR2B receptors mediated postsynaptic currents in the ACC. Our findings provide strong evidence that analgesic effects of Gentiopicroside involve down-regulation of NR2B receptors in the ACC to persistent inflammatory pain.

Adopción de las Normas Internacionales de Auditoría en España

OpenAIRE

PUIG PORTERO, IRENE

2014-01-01

El objeto del trabajo fin de carrera propuesto es realizar un recorrido por el proceso de adaptación de la normativa internacional en el contexto nacional, así como el análisis de los principales cambios e implicaciones que esta adaptación conlleva. Tal y como publica la resolución del Instituto de Contabilidad y Auditoría de Cuentas de 31 de enero de 2013, a dicha fecha se sometieron a información pública las nuevas Normas Técnicas de Auditoría, como resultado de la adaptación de las Norm...

Elevated utero/placental GR/NR3C1 is not required for the induction of parturition in the dog.

Science.gov (United States)

Gram, Aykut; Trachsel, Alexandra; Boos, Alois; Kowalewski, Mariusz P

2016-10-01

The endocrine mechanisms that lead to initiation of parturition in dogs are still not fully understood. The prepartum luteolysis is associated with increased prostaglandin (PG) F2α secretion; however, there is no pregnancy- or parturition-related increase in estrogens. Moreover, unlike in other mammalian species, in the dog, increased peripartum levels of cortisol measured sporadically in maternal peripheral blood are not mandatory for normal parturition. Nevertheless, auto/paracrine effects of cortisol at the placental feto-maternal level cannot be excluded. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression and localization of glucocorticoid receptor (GR/NR3C1) in canine utero/placental (Ut/Pl) units and uterine interplacental sites at selected time points during pregnancy (pre-implantation, post-implantation and mid-gestation), and at normal and antigestagen-induced parturition. The Ut/Pl expression of GR/NR3C1 did not change significantly from pre-implantation until mid-gestation; however, it was strongly induced during the prepartum luteolysis. Within the interplacental samples, expression of GR/NR3C1-mRNA was greater post-implantation than pre-implantation and did not change afterward, i.e. toward mid-gestation. Compartmentalization studies within the Ut/Pl units, involving placenta, endometrium and myometrium separately, performed at the prepartum luteolysis revealed the highest GR/NR3C1-mRNA levels in placenta compared with endometrium and myometrium. Interestingly, in antigestagen-treated mid-pregnancy dogs, Ut/Pl and interplacental GR/NR3C1-mRNA expression remained unaffected. At the cellular level, placental GR/NR3C1 was clearly detectable in placenta fetalis, i.e. in trophoblast cells. In conclusion, increased expression of GR/NR3C1 during normal parturition, but not following antigestagen-treatment, suggest that it is not required for initiating the signaling cascade of PG synthesis leading to the induction of parturition in the dog. �

Barber: Sinfonie Nr. 1, Op. 9, Neeme Järvi / Bernhard Uske

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Uske, Bernhard

1991-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Barber: Sinfonie Nr. 1, Op. 9. Ouvertüre School for Scandal, Op. 5; Beach: Sinfonie e-Moll, Op. 32, "Gaelic". Detroit Symphony Orchestra /Neeme Järvi". Chandes cassette ABTD 1550; CD CHAN 8958 (72 minutes)

Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, facilitates fear extinction and enhances expression of the hippocampal NR2B-containing NMDA receptor gene.

Science.gov (United States)

Fujita, Yosuke; Morinobu, Shigeru; Takei, Shiro; Fuchikami, Manabu; Matsumoto, Tomoya; Yamamoto, Shigeto; Yamawaki, Shigeto

2012-05-01

Histone acetylation, which alters the compact chromatin structure and changes the accessibility of DNA to regulatory proteins, is emerging as a fundamental mechanism for regulating gene expression. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors increase histone acetylation and enhance fear extinction. In this study, we examined whether vorinostat, an HDAC inhibitor, facilitates fear extinction, using a contextual fear conditioning (FC) paradigm, in Sprague-Dawley rats. We found that vorinostat facilitated fear extinction. Next, the levels of global acetylated histone H3 and H4 were measured by Western blotting. We also assessed the effect of vorinostat on the hippocampal levels of NMDA receptor mRNA by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and protein by Western blotting. 2 h after vorinostat administration, the levels acetylated histones and NR2B mRNA, but not NR1 or NR2A mRNA, were elevated in the hippocampus. The NR2B protein level was elevated 4 h after vorinostat administration. Last, we investigated the levels of acetylated histones and phospho-CREB (p-CREB) binding at the promoter of the NR2B gene using the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay followed by RT-PCR. The ChIP assay revealed increases in the levels of acetylated histones and they were accompanied by enhanced binding of p-CREB to its binding site at the promoter of the NR2B gene 2 h after vorinostat administration. These findings suggest that vorinostat increases the expression of NR2B in the hippocampus by enhancing histone acetylation, and this process may be implicated in fear extinction. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Análise do processo de implantação das normas de sustentabilidade empresarial: um estudo de caso em uma agroindústria frigorífica de bovinos.

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Paulo Sergio Miranda Mendonça

2009-04-01

Full Text Available O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como é o processo de adequação da agroindústriaàs normas internacionalmente reconhecidas de sustentabilidade (ISO9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001 e SA 8000. Para tanto, foi estudado um frigoríficoexportador de carne bovina no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Observou-se queo processo de implantação das normas de sustentabilidade foi realizado por meiodo cumprimento dos requisitos normativos exigidos para a certificação, a partir dodesenvolvimento de programas socioambientais, mudando culturalmente as açõesda organização e dos colaboradores em termos mais sustentáveis.

VALOR RAZONABLE: UN MODELO DE VALORACIÓN INCORPORADO EN LAS NORMAS INTERNACIONALES DE INFORMACIÓN FINANCIERA

OpenAIRE

Berta Silva Palavecinos

2011-01-01

El concepto de Valor Razonable, traducción del inglés de la expresión Fair Value, que aparece desde hace varias décadas en la literatura contable anglosajona, ha cobrado relevancia cuando el International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) lo incorporó como un modelo de valoración en las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera. Sin embargo, el significado, la oportunidad en que se usa, cómo se determina, el efecto que genera en el patrimonio de la empresa, además de otros aspectos sig...

La pena en las consuetas indianas. Los concilios y la redacción de esas normas

OpenAIRE

Martinez, Ana Maria

2015-01-01

Las consuetas pertenecen al Derecho Canónico particular, por tratarse de normas que organizan el funcionamiento del Cabildo Eclesiástico en cada catedral, las que fueron reformuladas por diferentes obispos de acuerdo a las circunstancias locales. En el período colonial en América, tiempo y espacio al cual se ajusta este trabajo, su incumplimiento estuvo penado de diferentes maneras según el lugar y la época. La calidad de estas penas fue esencialmente correctiva y de efecto económico más que ...

Nueva norma de arrendamiento IFRS 16 Leases y su impacto financiero y contable

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Viviana Lambreton Torres

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Este documento tiene como objetivo evidenciar el impacto que generará la aplicación de la IFRS 16 en las métricas de rentabilidad ROA, ROE y en el margen de utilidad. Así como en las razones de apalancamiento financiero y liquidez para que, tanto los responsables de la información como los usuarios de la misma, tengan conocimiento del efecto que genera esta nueva norma internacional de arrendamiento en la situación financiera y en los resultados de operación. Además de presentar los principales requerimientos que establece para que los tomadores de decisiones, tanto de las empresas privadas como de las públicas, puedan anticiparse y prepararse adecuadamente al cambio.

Analysis of C. elegans NR2E nuclear receptors defines three conserved clades and ligand-independent functions

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Weber Katherine P

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The nuclear receptors (NRs are an important class of transcription factors that are conserved across animal phyla. Canonical NRs consist of a DNA-binding domain (DBD and ligand-binding domain (LBD. While most animals have 20–40 NRs, nematodes of the genus Caenorhabditis have experienced a spectacular proliferation and divergence of NR genes. The LBDs of evolutionarily-conserved Caenorhabditis NRs have diverged sharply from their Drosophila and vertebrate orthologs, while the DBDs have been strongly conserved. The NR2E family of NRs play critical roles in development, especially in the nervous system. In this study, we explore the phylogenetics and function of the NR2E family of Caenorhabditis elegans, using an in vivo assay to test LBD function. Results Phylogenetic analysis reveals that the NR2E family of NRs consists of three broadly-conserved clades of orthologous NRs. In C. elegans, these clades are defined by nhr-67, fax-1 and nhr-239. The vertebrate orthologs of nhr-67 and fax-1 are Tlx and PNR, respectively. While the nhr-239 clade includes orthologs in insects (Hr83, an echinoderm, and a hemichordate, the gene appears to have been lost from vertebrate lineages. The C. elegans and C. briggsae nhr-239 genes have an apparently-truncated and highly-diverged LBD region. An additional C. elegans NR2E gene, nhr-111, appears to be a recently-evolved paralog of fax-1; it is present in C. elegans, but not C. briggsae or other animals with completely-sequenced genomes. Analysis of the relatively unstudied nhr-111 and nhr-239 genes demonstrates that they are both expressed—nhr-111 very broadly and nhr-239 in a small subset of neurons. Analysis of the FAX-1 LBD in an in vivo assay revealed that it is not required for at least some developmental functions. Conclusions Our analysis supports three conserved clades of NR2E receptors, only two of which are represented in vertebrates, indicating three ancestral NR2E genes in the

Normas percebidas por estudantes universitários de três carreiras, da área da saúde, sobre o uso de drogas entre seus pares Normas percibidas por estudiantes universitarios sobre el uso de drogas entre sus pares, en tres áreas académicas de la salud Perceived norms among university students of three health courses for drug use among peers

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Ana Maria Pimenta Carvalho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo abordou alunos de segundo e terceiro anos de três cursos da área da saúde tendo como objetivos identificar a estimativa do uso de drogas por estudantes universitários (norma percebida, a frequência de uso na presente amostra (norma real, comparar as estimativas com a frequência e identificar condições nas quais as drogas são usadas. Os estudantes superestimaram o uso, por seus pares, de tabaco, maconha e cocaína, na vida e nos últimos 12 meses. O álcool foi exceção. A porcentagem de uso relatada pelos estudantes da amostra e a estimativa do uso por estudantes em geral foram muito próximas. As substâncias são mais consumidas em festas e na companhia de colegas da universidade. Os dados foram interpretados à luz da Teoria das Normas Sociais, da Atribuição de Causalidade e da Normalização.El presente estudio tuvo como participantes a los alumnos del segundo e tercero año de tres cursos académicos de la Salud; el objetivo fue identificar la estimativa del uso de drogas (norma percibida, la frecuencia del uso (norma real, comparar las estimativas con la frecuencia y las condiciones en las cuales se usan las drogas. Se encontró que los estudiantes sobreestimaron el uso de sus pares en lo que se refiere al uso de tabaco, marihuana y cocaína, en alguna vez en la vida y el los últimos 12 meses. El alcohol fue la excepción, ya que el porcentaje de uso y la estimativa estuvieron muy próximos. Las sustancias son consumidas con mayor frecuencia en fiestas y en compañía de sus pares universitarios. Los datos fueran interpretados según el marco la Teoría de las Normas Sociales, de la Atribución de Causalidad y de la Normalización.The present study interviewed second- and third-year students of three health courses to identify university students' estimates for drug use (perceived norm, the rate of drug use among the subjects (real norm; compare the estimates with the actual frequency; and identify in what

Impacto de los instrumentos financieros denominados básicos, en las empresas medianas de la provincia de Pichincha, conforme a Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF para las PYMES)

OpenAIRE

Ochoa Cabrera, Paúl Bernardo

2014-01-01

La convergencia hacia las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera NIIF, rescata el análisis técnico contable – financiero que permite una mejor toma de decisiones de los usuarios interesados en el conjunto de estados financieros. El presente estudio implica el tratamiento de la norma “NIIF para las PYMES”, sección 11, referente a los instrumentos financieros básicos y sección 35 transición por primera vez a esta NIIF, cuya finalidad es la de determinar el impacto de su...

Uso de una conantokina y anticuerpos policlonales para identificar la subunidad NR2B del receptor

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Leonardo Lareo,†

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Proponer una metodología de identificación de la subunidad NR2B, mediante el uso de conantokina G, así como una adecuada extracción de la subunidad NR2B. Materiales y métodos. Se ensayaron dos metodologías para la extracción de la subunidad NR2B de cerebro de rata adulta, la primera buscó la extracción de la subunidad a partir de la membrana mediante la utilización del detergente deoxicolato de sodio y la segunda, garantizó primero la solubilización y eliminación de proteínas citoplasmáticas para luego realizar la extracción de la subunidad mediante el uso del mismo detergente, a partir del pellet generado en la centrifugación del extracto obtenido. Adicionalmente se biotiniló la conantokina G para evaluar su eficiencia en la identificación de la subunidad y comparar los resultados con los obtenidos por metodologías tradicionales como DOT-BLOT, WESTERN-BLOT, ELISA e Inmunohistoquímica. Resultados. La segunda metodología mostró mayor extracción de NR2B por lo que se seleccionó para la realización de los extractos posteriores. Los ensayos de identificación con la conantokina biotinilada evidenciaron interferencia en el reconocimiento, haciéndose necesaria la identificación de la presencia de la subunidad NR2B mediante el uso de anticuerpos policlonales en los ensayos mencionados. Conclusiones. Se propone que hay un impedimento de tipo estérico en el marcaje de la conantokina con la biotina lo que no favorece la interacción de este péptido con la subunidad.

Estradiol-induced increase in the magnitude of long-term potentiation is prevented by blocking NR2B-containing receptors.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Caroline C; McMahon, Lori L

2006-08-16

Estradiol, through activation of genomic estrogen receptors, induces changes in synaptic morphology and function in hippocampus, a brain region important for memory acquisition. Specifically, this hormone increases CA1 pyramidal cell dendritic spine density, NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated transmission, and the magnitude of long-term potentiation (LTP) at CA3-CA1 synapses. We recently reported that the estradiol-induced increase in LTP magnitude occurs only when there is a simultaneous increase in the fractional contribution of NMDAR-mediated transmission relative to AMPA receptor transmission, suggesting a direct role for the increase in NMDAR transmission to the heightened LTP magnitude. Estradiol has been shown to increase expression of the NMDAR subunit NR2B, but whether this translates into an increase in function of NR2B-containing receptors remains to be determined. Here we show that not only is the estradiol-induced increase in NMDAR transmission mediated by NR2B-containing receptors, but blocking these receptors using RO25-6981 [R-(R,S)-alpha-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-beta-methyl-4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperidine propranol] (0.5 microM), an NR2B selective antagonist, prevents the estradiol-induced increase in LTP magnitude. Thus, our data show a causal link between the estradiol-induced increase in transmission mediated by NR2B-containing NMDARs and the increase in LTP magnitude.

Poder, normas sociales y desigualdad de las mujeres en el hogar

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Arlette Covarrubias Feregrino

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo propone un marco teórico para analizar el poder de las mujeres en el hogar. Se hace especial énfasis en la visibilidad del poder y en los distintos mecanismos utilizados para mantenerlo, ya que éstos tienen importantes consecuencias en el bienestar de los miembros del hogar, en especial de las mujeres. De esta forma, el artículo se basa en el marco teórico de empoderamiento propuesto por Kabeer (1999 y las tres formas de poder sugeridas por Gaventa (2011, quien retoma las tres dimensiones de poder de Lukes (2005. Debido a que las normas sociales son un factor fundamental del poder de los miembros del hogar, y lo influyen a través de varios canales, se utiliza el marco conceptual propuesto, para analizar las varias formas en que éstas influyen en el poder de los miembros del hogar.

Avaliação do cumprimento da NR-18 em função do porte de obra residencial e proposta de lista de verificação da NR-18

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Marcelo Fabiano Costella

Full Text Available O presente trabalho investiga as reais condições dos ambientes de trabalho da indústria da construção, tendo em vista os problemas relacionados à segurança do trabalho nos canteiros de obras. Formulou-se a hipótese de haver discrepância no grau de cumprimento da NR-18 em obras de diferentes portes (pequena, média e grande. Baseado em uma lista de verificação do grau de cumprimento dos requisitos da NR-18, foram avaliados 115 canteiros de obra na cidade de Chapecó - SC. Para cada item da lista de verificação foi atribuída uma nota e, após compilar as informações, estas foram avaliadas conforme os objetivos da pesquisa. Fez-se uma análise crítica para os cinco piores e os cinco melhores itens observados para as obras pequenas, médias e grandes. Analisando-se os resultados é possível afirmar que há uma diferença significativa de aplicação da NR-18 nos diferentes portes de obras, sendo que as obras de grande porte obtiveram uma média final (6,47 significativamente superior em relação às obras pequenas (1,97. Desta forma, foi corroborada a hipótese formulada, podendo se atribuir este resultado a diversos fatores, entre os quais a falta de habilidades gerenciais de segurança e saúde do trabalho nas pequenas empresas. Outra contribuição deste artigo foi a proposta de uma nova lista de verificação para avaliar o grau de cumprimento da NR-18 nos canteiros de obra.

Origin of phase shift in atomic force microscopic investigation of the surface morphology of NR/NBR blend film

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thanawan, S. [Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170 (Thailand)], E-mail: ststw@mahidol.ac.th; Radabutra, S.; Thamasirianunt, P.; Amornsakchai, T.; Suchiva, K. [Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170 (Thailand)

2009-01-15

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the morphology and surface properties of NR/NBR blend. Blends at 1/3, 1/1 and 3/1 weight ratios were prepared in benzene and formed film by casting. AFM phase images of these blends in tapping mode displayed islands in the sea morphology or matrix-dispersed structures. For blend 1/3, NR formed dispersed phase while in blends 1/1 and 3/1 phase inversion was observed. NR showed higher phase shift angle in AFM phase imaging for all blends. This circumstance was governed by adhesion energy hysteresis between the device tip and the rubber surface rather than surface stiffness of the materials, as proved by force distance measurements in the AFM contact mode.

Origin of phase shift in atomic force microscopic investigation of the surface morphology of NR/NBR blend film.

Science.gov (United States)

Thanawan, S; Radabutra, S; Thamasirianunt, P; Amornsakchai, T; Suchiva, K

2009-01-01

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the morphology and surface properties of NR/NBR blend. Blends at 1/3, 1/1 and 3/1 weight ratios were prepared in benzene and formed film by casting. AFM phase images of these blends in tapping mode displayed islands in the sea morphology or matrix-dispersed structures. For blend 1/3, NR formed dispersed phase while in blends 1/1 and 3/1 phase inversion was observed. NR showed higher phase shift angle in AFM phase imaging for all blends. This circumstance was governed by adhesion energy hysteresis between the device tip and the rubber surface rather than surface stiffness of the materials, as proved by force distance measurements in the AFM contact mode.

Nuclear receptors of the NR4a family are not required for the development and function of follicular T helper cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Weiwei; Zhao, Ruozhu; Yang, Runqing; Liu, Bo; Chen, Xin; Wu, Longyan; Qi, Hai

2015-10-01

Follicular T helper (Tfh) cells promote germinal center (GC) reaction and high-affinity antibody production. The molecular mechanisms that regulate development and function of Tfh cells are not fully understood. Here we report that ligand-independent nuclear receptors of the Nr4a family are highly expressed in Tfh cells. In a well-established adoptive transfer model, enforced expression of Nr4a receptors reduces helper T cell expansion but apparently increased the T cell capacity to promote the GC response. On the other hand, deletion of all Nr4a receptors in T cells did not significantly affect expansion or differentiation of Tfh cells or the development of GC reaction. These findings suggest that Nr4a receptors may promote but are not necessary for Tfh development or function in vivo. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Estradiol-induced increase in novel object recognition requires hippocampal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors.

Science.gov (United States)

Vedder, Lindsey C; Smith, Caroline C; Flannigan, Alaina E; McMahon, Lori L

2013-01-01

17β-estradiol (E2), at high circulating levels, enhances learning and memory in many women, making it a clinical treatment for hormone-related cognitive decline in aging. However, the mechanisms stimulated by E2, which are responsible for its cognitive enhancing effects, remain incompletely defined. Using an ovariectomized rat model, we previously reported that increasing plasma E2 enhances the magnitude of long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses, which is caused by a selective increase in current mediated by NR2B-containing NMDARs, leading to an increase in the NMDAR/AMPAR ratio. Whether the increase in NR2B current is causally related to the ability of E2 to enhance hippocampal dependent learning and memory has yet to be tested. Here, we find that E2 enhances performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) task with the same time course we previously showed E2 enhances the LTP magnitude, temporally linking the increase in LTP to enhanced learning and memory. Furthermore, using the selective NR2B subunit antagonist Ro25-6981, we find that the E2-enhanced NOR, like the enhanced LTP, requires hippocampal NR2B-containing NMDARs, specifically in area CA1. Finally, using whole-cell recordings and the phosphatase inhibitor orthovanadate, we investigated whether the E2-induced increase in NMDAR current is caused by an increase in the density of synaptic NMDARs and/or an increase in NMDAR subunit phosphorylation. We find that both mechanisms are responsible for the enhanced NMDAR current in E2-treated rats. Our results show that the E2-enhanced NOR requires a functional increase in NR2B-containing NMDARs, a requirement shared with the E2-enhanced LTP magnitude at CA3-CA1 synapses, supporting the hypothesis that the increase in LTP likely contributes to the enhanced learning and memory following an increase in plasma E2 levels. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Biodegradation of NR Latex-based Materials via a Carbon Dioxide Evolution Method

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F. M. S. Shabinah

2017-12-01

Full Text Available NR as a natural polymer has biodegradable characteristics and their existence was examined using CO2 evolution methods. The CO2 molecule produced by micro-organism metabolisms in the degradation system was quantified using a conventional acidimetric method. An aerobic system was determined as most suitable condition to be examined under this method. The presence of O2 in the system would help micro-organisms to destabilize the natural polymer. The material of LATZ, HA film and NR gloves showed significant weight loss and were able to produce CO2 evolution curves after 45 days in the biodegradation system compared to synthetic polyisoprene films. Gel permeation chromatography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron micrograph were used to characterize the degraded sample at molecular and physical levels.

Antagonism at the NR2B subunit of NMDA receptors induces increased connectivity of the prefrontal and subcortical regions regulating reward behavior.

Science.gov (United States)

Gass, Natalia; Becker, Robert; Sack, Markus; Schwarz, Adam J; Reinwald, Jonathan; Cosa-Linan, Alejandro; Zheng, Lei; von Hohenberg, Christian Clemm; Inta, Dragos; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Weber-Fahr, Wolfgang; Gass, Peter; Sartorius, Alexander

2018-04-01

Evidence indicates that ketamine's rapid antidepressant efficacy likely results from its antagonism of NR2B-subunit-containing NMDA receptors (NMDAR). Since ketamine equally blocks NR2A- and NR2B-containing NMDAR, and has affinity to other receptors, NR2B-selective drugs might have improved therapeutic efficiency and side effect profile. We aimed to compare the effects of (S)-ketamine and two different types of NR2B-selective antagonists on functional brain networks in rats, in order to find common circuits, where their effects intersect, and that might explain their antidepressant action. The experimental design comprised four parallel groups of rats (N = 37), each receiving (S)-Ketamine, CP-101,606, Ro 25-6981 or saline. After compound injection, we acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging time series. We used graph theoretical approach to calculate brain network properties. Ketamine and CP-101,606 diminished the global clustering coefficient and small-worldness index. At the nodal level, all compounds induced increased connectivity of the regions mediating reward and cognitive aspects of emotional processing, such as ventromedial prefrontal cortex, septal nuclei, and nucleus accumbens. The dorsal hippocampus and regions involved in sensory processing and aversion, such as superior and inferior colliculi, exhibited an opposite effect. The effects common to ketamine and NR2B-selective compounds were localized to the same brain regions as those reported in depression, but in the opposite direction. The upregulation of the reward circuitry might partially underlie the antidepressant and anti-anhedonic effects of the antagonists and could potentially serve as a translational imaging phenotype for testing putative antidepressants, especially those targeting the NR2B receptor subtype.

Molecular Interactions between NR4A Orphan Nuclear Receptors and NF-κB Are Required for Appropriate Inflammatory Responses and Immune Cell Homeostasis.

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Evelyn P; Crean, Daniel

2015-06-29

Appropriate innate and adaptive immune responses are essential for protection and resolution against chemical, physical or biological insults. Immune cell polarization is fundamental in orchestrating distinct phases of inflammation, specifically acute phase responses followed by resolution and tissue repair. Dysregulation of immune cell and inflammatory responses is a hallmark of multiple diseases encompassing atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and metabolic syndromes. A master transcriptional mediator of diverse inflammatory signaling and immune cell function is NF-κB, and altered control of this key regulator can lead to an effective switch from acute to chronic inflammatory responses. Members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors crosstalk with NF-κB to regulate immune cell function(s). Within the NR superfamily the NR4A1-3 orphan receptors have emerged as important regulators of immune cell polarization and NF-κB signaling. NR4A receptors modulate NF-κB activity in a dynamic fashion, either repressing or enhancing target gene expression leading to altered inflammatory outcome. Here we will discuss the pivotal role NR4A's receptors play in orchestrating immune cell homeostasis through molecular crosstalk with NF-κB. Specifically, we will examine such NR4A/NF-κB interactions within the context of distinct cell phenotypes, including monocyte, macrophage, T cells, endothelial, and mesenchymal cells, which play a role in inflammation-associated disease. Finally, we review the therapeutic potential of altering NR4A/NF-κB interactions to limit hyper-inflammatory responses in vivo.

Determinación de costos por pérdidas generados por la no conformidad con la norma ISO 9001:2015 en la empresa de servicios de limpieza y lavandería Asotapurc

OpenAIRE

Salas Arciniega, Johanna Elizabeth

2017-01-01

Determinar los costos de no calidad de Asotapurc con relación a la norma ISO 9001:2015 para proponer soluciones en base a la mejora continua en los procesos de servicios que presta Asotapurc y de esta manera mejorar sus ingresos económicos y mejorar los niveles de satisfacción del cliente. La presente investigación propone un manual de sistema de costos de calidad basado en la norma ISO 9001:2015 para determinar los costos por pérdidas generados por las no conformidades en los servicios de...

Aplicación de la NIIF 1 adopción por primera vez de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera, NIC 36 deterioro del valor de los activos, NIC 16 propiedad, planta y equipo y sus efectos sobre la información de los estados financieros de la compañía Urbano Express.

OpenAIRE

Orbea Terán, María Elena

2012-01-01

Esta obra tiene como fin explicar al lector el proceso de aplicación de las NIIF en la Propiedad, Planta y Equipo de la empresa de servicios Urbano Express, para lo cual se analiza las NIIF (Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera) y NIC (Normas Internacional de Contabilidad) requeridas, se describe todo el funcionamiento de la organización, y posteriormente se aplican las normas estudiadas para conocer los efectos sobre la información de los Estados Financieros. Las Normas Intern...

Chronic Administration of Benzo(apyrene Induces Memory Impairment and Anxiety-Like Behavior and Increases of NR2B DNA Methylation.

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Wenping Zhang

Full Text Available Recently, an increasing number of human and animal studies have reported that exposure to benzo(apyrene (BaP induces neurological abnormalities and is also associated with adverse effects, such as tumor formation, immunosuppression, teratogenicity, and hormonal disorders. However, the exact mechanisms underlying BaP-induced impairment of neurological function remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the regulating mechanisms underlying the impact of chronic BaP exposure on neurobehavioral performance.C57BL mice received either BaP in different doses (1.0, 2.5, 6.25 mg/kg or olive oil twice a week for 90 days. Memory and emotional behaviors were evaluated using Y-maze and open-field tests, respectively. Furthermore, levels of mRNA expression were measured by using qPCR, and DNA methylation of NMDA receptor 2B subunit (NR2B was examined using bisulfate pyrosequencing in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.Compared to controls, mice that received BaP (2.5, 6.25 mg/kg showed deficits in short-term memory and an anxiety-like behavior. These behavioral alterations were associated with a down-regulation of the NR2B gene and a concomitant increase in the level of DNA methylation in the NR2B promoter in the two brain regions.Chronic BaP exposure induces an increase in DNA methylation in the NR2B gene promoter and down-regulates NR2B expression, which may contribute to its neurotoxic effects on behavioral performance. The results suggest that NR2B vulnerability represents a target for environmental toxicants in the brain.

ANÁLISIS DE DOS CASOS DE NORMAS URBANÍSTICAS EN ROMA PARA LA PROTECCIÓN DE OBRAS PÚBLICAS.

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Luis Miguel García Lozano

2017-12-01

Full Text Available La época de paz instaurada durante el principado de Octavio Augusto promovió la realización de numerosas construcciones y obras públicas a lo largo de todo el territorio del Imperio Romano. Con el fin de ordenar dichas construcciones, se adoptaron numerosas normas de tipo individual para disciplinar cada una de las obras. El fin de estas normas singulares buscaban, por un lado, evitar abusos de los residentes o transeúntes, por otro, disponer un régimen sancionador que censurase esos abusos y, como fin último, la conservación de las obras públicas dada la inversión que conllevaba su construcción. Il tempo di pace stabilito durante il principato di Octavio Augusto promosse la realizzazione di numerose costruzioni e opere pubbliche, in tutto il territorio dell'Impero Romano. Per ordinare tali costruzioni, sono state adottate numerose regole di tipo individuale per disciplinare ciascuna delle opere. Lo scopo di queste regole uniche ha cercato, da un lato, di evitare abusi da parte di residenti o spettatori, dall'altro, di avere un regime sanzionatorio che censurasse quegli abusi e, come obiettivo finale, la conservazione delle opere pubbliche dato l'investimento coinvolto nella loro costruzione.

¿Qué es una norma social?. Una discusión de tres aproximaciones analíticas

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Tena-Sánchez, Jordi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper we compare the definitions of social norm proposed by standard Rational Choice Theory, Cristina Bicchieri and Jon Elster. We try to determine how similar or different they are. as long as they present some differences, we try to establish which captures better the very nature of the phenomena that we usually name “social norm” and which provides us with a concept (or concepts more precise and productive and more easily useable in explicative models. In our opinion, Jon Elster’s classification between moral, quasi-moral and social norms is the more successful in this respect. In spite of the fact that Jon Elster does not plan to use their concepts in formal mathematical models with predictive purposes, there is not anything inherent in them which prevents this use. on the other hand, the precision of these concepts makes them especially useful to be used in social mechanism models which let us propose causal, informative and parsimonious explanations of real concrete cases.

En el presente trabajo se comparan las definiciones del concepto de “norma social” ofrecidas por la teoría de la elección racional estándar, cristina Bicchieri y Jon Elster. Se trata de determinar en qué medida son o no asimilables. En la medida en que no lo son, se intenta establecer cuál de las aproximaciones captura mejor la naturaleza del fenómeno al que habitualmente denominamos norma social y cuál de ellas ofrece un concepto (o conceptos más preciso y más fácil y fructíferamente utilizable en modelos explicativos. Se sostiene que la distinción trazada por Jon Elster entre normas morales, cuasi-morales y sociales tiene más éxito que las otras dos en dicho cometido. Pese a que el autor no prevé el uso de sus conceptos en modelos matemáticos formales con potencial predictivo, no hay nada inherente a los mismos que impida ese uso. Por otra parte, la precisión en la definición de los mismos los convierte en especialmente

Porosidad libre en granitos alterados: Comentarios a las normas

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Íñigo Íñigo, A. C.

1995-06-01

Full Text Available In the present paper, the possible relation among some petrophysical properties of five types of granitic materials, whether artificially aged or not, subject to different consolidation and/or water repellent treatments, has been studied. The study indicates a good correlation among imibition values and porosity (free and total. Likewise, correlation exists between apparent density and total porosity. Differences in relative variation of imbibition values and free porosity when treating samples, advise about modification or enlargment of standards for materials with high microporosity index.

En el presente artículo se estudia la posible relación existente entre los valores de algunas propiedades petrofísicas de cinco variedades de materiales graníticos cuando, envejecidos artificialmente o no, son sometidos a diferentes tratamientos de consolidación y/o hidrofugación. El estudio indica una buena correlación entre los valores de la imbibición y porosidad (libre y total. Asimismo, existe correlación entre densidad aparente y porosidad total. Las diferencias en las variaciones relativas de los valores de imbibición y porosidad libre al tratar las muestras, aconseja la modificación o ampliación de las normas para materiales con elevado índice de microporosidad.

PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF IgY ANTIBODIES AS A NOVEL TOOL TO PURIFY THE NR1 SUBUNIT OF NMDA RECEPTO

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Edgar Antonio Reyes Montaño

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Producing polyclonal antibodies (IgY inchickens has advantages over those obtainedin other animal models, since theyhave been used as a tool for studyingdifferent proteins (NMDA glutamate receptorin our case, specifically the NR1subunit. We produced specific antibodiesagainst expression products by thealternative splicing of the gene encodingNMDA receptor NR1 subunit in adult ratbrain. Three peptides corresponding tothe splicing sites (N1, C1 and C2’ cassetteswere designed, synthesised and usedindividually as antigens in hens. Specificimmunoglobulins were purified fromyolks. The antibodies were then used forpurifying the NMDA receptor NR1 subunitusing affinity chromatography couplingthe three antibodies to the support.R

NOSOTROS Y LOS OTROS. ¿CÓMO SE REPRESENTAN LOS NIÑOS Y LAS NIÑAS LAS NORMAS SOCIALES? (US AND OTHERS. HOW DO BOYS AND GIRLS REPRESENT SOCIAL NORMS?

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Urmeneta Garrido Ana Rebeca

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen:Los resultados presentados en este texto son el fruto de una investigación cualitativa sobre el mundo social infantil. Su principal objetivo es conocer y comprender las representaciones sociales infantiles sobre las normas y la cohesión social. El artículo reflexiona sobre las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Cómo definen la norma social los niños y las niñas? ¿En qué valores y motivos la fundamentan? ¿Cómo se sostiene el orden y la cohesión social desde la perspectiva infantil? La metodología de investigación se basa en una técnica cualitativa innovadora y de elaboración propia: el Cuento Inconcluso. Se trata de un relato inacabado en el que se plantea un conflicto normativo (la desobediencia a una norma social y que los participantes deben desarrollar y finalizar.Estudiamos una muestra de 150 relatos, escritos por estudiantes de 8 a 14 años de diez escuelas de la ciudad de Barcelona (España, 3 de nivel socioeconómico medio-alto y 7 de nivel bajo. El análisis estructural de contenido de estos textos revela la existencia de tres modelos básicos de representación social infantil de la norma: 1 la norma como núcleo de la identidad y la pertenencia a la comunidad; 2 la norma como salvaguardia del bien común; y 3 la norma como forma de racionalidad y madurez. Comentamos las principales características deestos modelos e ilustramos el análisis con algunos casos concretos.Abstract:The findings exposed in this paper are the outcome of a qualitative study into the social world of children. Its main objective is to identify and comprehend children's social representations of norms and social cohesion. The article seeks answers to the following questions: How do boys and girls define the social norm?What values and motives do they base it on? How are order and social cohesion upheld from a children's point of view? The research methodology is based on a novel qualitative technique we developed ourselves: the Unfinished Story. It

Metodología para la implementación de un Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad de la Información basado en la familia de normas ISO/IEC 27000

OpenAIRE

Valencia-Duque, Francisco Javier; Orozco-Alzate, Mauricio

2017-01-01

Se propone una metodología de implementación de un Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad de la Información (SGSI) basado en la familia de normas de la ISO/IEC 27000, con énfasis en la interrelación de cuatro normas fundamentales a través de las cuales se desarrollan las actividades requeridas para cumplir con lo establecido en la ISO/IEC 27001, los controles de seguridad presentados en la ISO/IEC 27002, el esquema de riesgos de la ISO/IEC 27005 y los pasos recomendados en la ISO/IEC 27003. Se gener...

Análisis de normas contables y su impacto en la determinación del impuesto a la renta

OpenAIRE

Uvillús, Gabriel

2008-01-01

Los estados financieros que preparan las sociedades y las personas naturales obligadas a llevar contabilidad al cierre de un ejercicio económico se elaboran considerando las normas contables nacionales e internacionales, resoluciones y circulares de la Superintendencia de Compañías con la finalidad de presentar estados financieros bajo principios de contabilidad generalmente aceptados, sin embargo, dentro del ámbito tributario se establece que la supremacía de las leyes tributa...

Multigeneration Inheritance through Fertile XX Carriers of an NR0B1 (DAX1 Locus Duplication in a Kindred of Females with Isolated XY Gonadal Dysgenesis

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Michela Barbaro

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A 160 kb minimal common region in Xp21 has been determined as the cause of XY gonadal dysgenesis, if duplicated. The region contains the MAGEB genes and the NR0B1 gene; this is the candidate for gonadal dysgenesis if overexpressed. Most patients present gonadal dysgenesis within a more complex phenotype. However, few independent cases have recently been described presenting with isolated XY gonadal dysgenesis caused by relatively small NR0B1 locus duplications. We have identified another NR0B1 duplication in two sisters with isolated XY gonadal dysgenesis with an X-linked inheritance pattern. We performed X-inactivation studies in three fertile female carriers of three different small NR0B1 locus duplications identified by our group. The carrier mothers did not show obvious skewing of X-chromosome inactivation, suggesting that NR0B1 overexpression does not impair ovarian function. We furthermore emphasize the importance to investigate the NR0B1 locus also in patients with isolated XY gonadal dysgenesis.

Blockade of NMDA receptor subtype NR2B prevents seizures but not apoptosis of dentate gyrus neurons in bacterial meningitis in infant rats

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Täuber Martin G

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Excitotoxic neuronal injury by action of the glutamate receptors of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA subtype have been implicated in the pathogenesis of brain damage as a consequence of bacterial meningitis. The most potent and selective blocker of NMDA receptors containing the NR2B subunit is (R,S-alpha-(4-hydroxyphenyl-beta-methyl-4-(phenylmethyl-1-piperid inepropanol (RO 25-6981. Here we evaluated the effect of RO 25-6981 on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in an infant rat model of meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Animals were randomized for treatment with RO 25-6981 at a dosage of either 0.375 mg (15 mg/kg; n = 28 or 3.75 mg (150 mg/kg; n = 15 every 3 h or an equal volume of sterile saline (250 μl; n = 40 starting at 12 h after infection. Eighteen hours after infection, animals were assessed clinically and seizures were observed for a period of 2 h. At 24 h after infection animals were sacrificed and brains were examined for apoptotic injury to the dentate granule cell layer of the hippocampus. Results Treatment with RO 25-6981 had no effect on clinical scores, but the incidence of seizures was reduced (P Conclusions Treatment with a highly selective blocker of NMDA receptors containing the NR2B subunit failed to protect hippocampal neurons from injury in this model of pneumococcal meningitis, while it had some beneficial effect on the incidence of seizures.

Role of a novel dual flavin reductase (NR1) and an associated histidine triad protein (DCS-1) in menadione-induced cytotoxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kwasnicka-Crawford, Dorota A.; Vincent, Steven R.

2005-01-01

Microsomal cytochrome P450 reductase catalyzes the one-electron transfer from NADPH via FAD and FMN to various electron acceptors, such as cytochrome P450s or to some anti-cancer quinone drugs. This results in generation of free radicals and toxic oxygen metabolites, which can contribute to the cytotoxicity of these compounds. Recently, a cytosolic NADPH-dependent flavin reductase, NR1, has been described which is highly homologous to the microsomal cytochrome P450 reductase. In this study, we show that over-expression of NR1 in human embryonic kidney cells enhances the cytotoxic action of the model quinone, menadione. Furthermore, we show that a novel human histidine triad protein DCS-1, which is expressed together with NR1 in many tissues, can significantly reduce menadione-induced cytotoxicity in these cells. We also show that DCS-1 binds NF1 and directly modulates its activity. These results suggest that NR1 may play a role in carcinogenicity and cell death associated with one-electron reductions

Relevance of the NR4A sub-family of nuclear orphan receptors in trophoblastic BeWo cell differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Malhotra, Sudha Saryu; Gupta, Satish Kumar

2017-01-01

Nur-77, a member of the NR4A sub-family of nuclear orphan receptors, is downregulated in the placentae of pre-eclamptic women. Here, we investigate the relevance of Nor-1, Nurr-1 and Nur-77 in trophoblastic cell differentiation. Their transcript levels were found to be significantly upregulated in BeWo cells treated with forskolin. The maximum increase was observed after 2 h, with a second peak in the expression levels after 48 h. The expression of NR4A sub-family members was also found to be upregulated in BeWo cells after treatment with hCG and GnRH. A similar significant increase was observed at the respective protein levels after 2 and 48 h of treatment with forskolin, hCG or GnRH. Silencing Nor-1, Nurr-1 or Nur-77 individually did not show any effect on forskolin-, hCG- and/or GnRH-mediated BeWo cell fusion and/or hCG secretion. After silencing any one member of the NR4A sub-family, an increase in the transcript levels of the other sub-family members was observed, indicating a compensatory effect due to their functional redundancy. Simultaneously silencing all three NR4A sub-family members significantly downregulated forskolin- and hCG-mediated BeWo cell fusion and/or hCG secretion. However, a considerable amount of cell death occurred after forskolin or hCG treatment as compared to the control siRNA-transfected cells. These results suggest that the NR4A sub-family of nuclear orphan receptors has a role in trophoblastic cell differentiation.

Avaliação do nível de conhecimento e adesão a norma Regulamentadora (NR-32) sobre segurança e saúde no trabalho entre os médicos do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

OpenAIRE

Ehidee Isabel Gomez La Rotta

2010-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: Os profissionais no desenvolvimento de seu trabalho estão expostos a múltiplos riscos, mas a exposição a material biológico o coloca em risco de adquirir uma variada gama de doenças infecto contagiosas, como, a tuberculose, a infecção meningocócica, a infecção pelo HIV e pelos HBV e HCV. As precauções padrão (PPs) é o melhor meio para reduzir o risco de exposição a sangue e fluidos corporais. O Brasil é o primeiro país do mundo a ter uma norma de ampla abrangência voltada para os ...

Complete chloroplast genome and 45S nrDNA sequences of the medicinal plant species Glycyrrhiza glabra and Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

Science.gov (United States)

Kang, Sang-Ho; Lee, Jeong-Hoon; Lee, Hyun Oh; Ahn, Byoung Ohg; Won, So Youn; Sohn, Seong-Han; Kim, Jung Sun

2017-10-06

Glycyrrhiza uralensis and G. glabra, members of the Fabaceae, are medicinally important species that are native to Asia and Europe. Extracts from these plants are widely used as natural sweeteners because of their much greater sweetness than sucrose. In this study, the three complete chloroplast genomes and five 45S nuclear ribosomal (nr)DNA sequences of these two licorice species and an interspecific hybrid are presented. The chloroplast genomes of G. glabra, G. uralensis and G. glabra × G. uralensis were 127,895 bp, 127,716 bp and 127,939 bp, respectively. The three chloroplast genomes harbored 110 annotated genes, including 76 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. The 45S nrDNA sequences were either 5,947 or 5,948 bp in length. Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. glabra × G. uralensis showed two types of nrDNA, while G. uralensis contained a single type. The complete 45S nrDNA sequence unit contains 18S rRNA, ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, ITS2 and 26S rRNA. We identified simple sequence repeat and tandem repeat sequences. We also developed four reliable markers for analysis of Glycyrrhiza diversity authentication.

Normas de control interno recogidas en el reglamento de la dirección del giro del Banco de San Carlos (1789

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Francisco Mayordomo García-Chicote

2009-12-01

Full Text Available En el Reglamento de la Dirección del Giro, de 1789, se resumieron todas las disposiciones relativas a esta sección del Banco de San Carlos emitidas con posterioridad a la publicación de su Real Cédula fundacional de 1782; observándose en dicho Reglamento que en él se abordaron los aspectos básicos del control interno, tales como, la asignación de funciones y su reparto entre el personal, el establecimiento de normas y procedimientos operativos, describiendo las funciones del personal de correspondencia y de libros, y el detalle las tareas de autorización, ejecución, registro y custodia confiadas a dicho personal; de lo cual se deduce que los objetivos de esta norma —como los de cualquier manual de control interno— fueron los de optimizar la gestión de la Dirección del Giro, prevenir errores en sus registros contables y conferir fiabilidad a la información final que se derivaba de ellos, así como la protección de los activos vinculados a esta Dirección.

Opinion presented on the behalf of the Commission for economic affairs on the finance bill project for 2018 (nr 235). Volume VII - Ecology, sustainable development and mobility, energy - Nr 264 corrected

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bolo, Philippe

2017-01-01

In its first part, this parliamentary report proposes an analysis of budgets allocated to some specific programmes related to ecology, sustainable development and mobility, and energy within the finance bill project for 2018. A first programme (nr 174) addresses issues related to energy, climate, and after-mines: increased credits for energy, decreased credits to manage the after-mines situation, increased credits for air quality and for the struggle against climate change, tax expenses. A second set of programmes (nr 345, 764 and 765) concerns the energy public service and energy transition. The third set of programmes (nr 793 and 794) deals with the financing of supports to communities for rural electrification. The second part of the report analyses various aspects of the digitalisation of the energy sector. It discusses its main stakes: a better knowledge of productions and consumptions, an increased efficiency of infrastructures and energy-related services, a need to secure infrastructures and data, a high potential for employment and increasing needs for specific abilities, and critical issue of a possible 'uberisation' of the energy sector. It also analyses perspectives and formulates some proposals regarding data security, support to economic actors, and some specific points of attention (to avoid differences between territories, some negative aspects of digitalisation). Contents of commission debates are provided as well as a list of hearings

Genetic variation of the porcine NR5A1 is associated with meat color.

Science.gov (United States)

Görres, Andreas; Ponsuksili, Siriluck; Wimmers, Klaus; Muráni, Eduard

2016-02-01

Because of the central role of Steroidogenic factor 1 in the regulation of the development and function of steroidogenic tissues, including the adrenal gland, we chose the encoding gene NR5A1 as a candidate for stress response, meat quality and carcass composition in the domestic pig. To identify polymorphisms of the porcine NR5A1 we comparatively sequenced the coding, untranslated and regulatory regions in four commercial pig lines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms could be found in the 3' UTR and in an intronic enhancer, whereas no polymorphisms were detected in the proximal promoter and coding region. A subset of the detected polymorphisms was genotyped in Piétrain x (German Large White x German Landrace) and German Landrace pigs. For the same animals, carcass composition traits, meat quality characteristics and parameters of adrenal function were recorded. Associations with meat color were found for two of the discovered SNPs in Piétrain x (German Large White x German Landrace) and German Landrace pigs but no connections to parameters of adrenal function could be established. We conclude that NR5A1 variations influence meat color in a hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis independent manner and that further regulatory regions need to be analyzed for genetic variations to understand the discovered effects.

O Código Filipino, as Normas Camarárias e o comércio: mecanismo de vigilância e regulamentação comercial na Capitania do Rio Grande do Norte

OpenAIRE

Dias,Thiago Alves

2014-01-01

O artigo propõe apresentar algumas considerações acerca das normas metropolitanas encetadas pelo Código Filipino e sua relação com a atuação do poder local municipal representado pelas Câmaras, notadamente, nos aspectos relacionados à vigilância e à regulamentação das práticas comerciais cotidianas. Partindo dos registros das Câmaras Municipais da Capitania do Rio Grande do Norte, evidenciamos a relação entre poder central e poderes locais com base nas normas, na vigilância e na regulamentaçã...

BDE-47 causes developmental retardation with down-regulated expression profiles of ecdysteroid signaling pathway-involved nuclear receptor (NR) genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hwang, Dae-Sik; Han, Jeonghoon; Won, Eun-Ji; Kim, Duck-Hyun; Jeong, Chang-Bum [Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419 (Korea, Republic of); Hwang, Un-Ki [Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Incheon 46083 (Korea, Republic of); Zhou, Bingsheng [State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072 (China); Choe, Joonho [Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Jae-Seong, E-mail: jslee2@skku.edu [Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419 (Korea, Republic of)

2016-08-15

Highlights: • The developmental rate was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in response to BDE-47. • Expression profiles of nearly all NR genes were the highest at naupliar stages 5–6. • USP, HR96, and FTZ-F1 genes showed significant sex differences (P < 0.05) over different developmental stages. • NR gene expression patterns showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in response to BDE-47. • BDE-47 leads to molting and metamorphosis retardation and suppresses transcription of NR genes. - Abstract: 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) in marine environments. Despite its adverse effects (e.g. developmental retardation) in ecdysozoa, the effects of BDE-47 on transcription of ecdysteroid signaling pathway-involved-nuclear receptor (NR) genes and metamorphosis-related genes have not been examined in copepods. To examine the deleterious effect of BDE-47 on copepod molting and metamorphosis, BDE-47 was exposed to the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus, followed by monitoring developmental retardation and transcriptional alteration of NR genes. The developmental rate was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in response to BDE-47 and the agricultural insecticide gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane. Conversely, the ecdysteroid agonist ponasterone A (PoA) led to decreased molting and metamorphosis time (P < 0.05) from the nauplius stage to the adult stage. In particular, expression profiles of all NR genes were the highest at naupliar stages 5–6 except for SVP, FTZ-F1, and HR96 genes. Nuclear receptor USP, HR96, and FTZ-F1 genes also showed significant sex differences (P < 0.05) in gene expression levels over different developmental stages, indicating that these genes may be involved in vitellogenesis. NR gene expression patterns showed significant decreases (P < 0.05) in response to BDE-47 exposure, implying that molting and metamorphosis retardation is likely associated with NR gene expression. In summary, BDE-47

BDE-47 causes developmental retardation with down-regulated expression profiles of ecdysteroid signaling pathway-involved nuclear receptor (NR) genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hwang, Dae-Sik; Han, Jeonghoon; Won, Eun-Ji; Kim, Duck-Hyun; Jeong, Chang-Bum; Hwang, Un-Ki; Zhou, Bingsheng; Choe, Joonho; Lee, Jae-Seong

2016-01-01

Highlights: • The developmental rate was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in response to BDE-47. • Expression profiles of nearly all NR genes were the highest at naupliar stages 5–6. • USP, HR96, and FTZ-F1 genes showed significant sex differences (P < 0.05) over different developmental stages. • NR gene expression patterns showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in response to BDE-47. • BDE-47 leads to molting and metamorphosis retardation and suppresses transcription of NR genes. - Abstract: 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) in marine environments. Despite its adverse effects (e.g. developmental retardation) in ecdysozoa, the effects of BDE-47 on transcription of ecdysteroid signaling pathway-involved-nuclear receptor (NR) genes and metamorphosis-related genes have not been examined in copepods. To examine the deleterious effect of BDE-47 on copepod molting and metamorphosis, BDE-47 was exposed to the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus, followed by monitoring developmental retardation and transcriptional alteration of NR genes. The developmental rate was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in response to BDE-47 and the agricultural insecticide gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane. Conversely, the ecdysteroid agonist ponasterone A (PoA) led to decreased molting and metamorphosis time (P < 0.05) from the nauplius stage to the adult stage. In particular, expression profiles of all NR genes were the highest at naupliar stages 5–6 except for SVP, FTZ-F1, and HR96 genes. Nuclear receptor USP, HR96, and FTZ-F1 genes also showed significant sex differences (P < 0.05) in gene expression levels over different developmental stages, indicating that these genes may be involved in vitellogenesis. NR gene expression patterns showed significant decreases (P < 0.05) in response to BDE-47 exposure, implying that molting and metamorphosis retardation is likely associated with NR gene expression. In summary, BDE-47

Novel de novo pathogenic variant in the NR2F2 gene in a boy with congenital heart defect and dysmorphic features.

Science.gov (United States)

Upadia, Jariya; Gonzales, Patrick R; Robin, Nathaniel H

2018-04-16

The NR2F2 gene plays an important role in angiogenesis and heart development. Moreover, this gene is involved in organogenesis in many other organs in mouse models. Variants in this gene have been reported in a number of patients with nonsyndromic atrioventricular septal defect, and in one patient with congenital heart defect and dysmorphic features. Here we report an 11-month-old Caucasian male with global developmental delay, dysmorphic features, coarctation of the aorta, and ventricular septal defect. He was later found to have a pathogenic mutation in the NR2F2 gene by whole exome sequencing. This is the second instance in which an NR2F2 mutation has been identified in a child with a congenital heart defect and other anomalies. This case suggests that some variants in NR2F2 may cause syndromic forms of congenital heart defect. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

NR2B antagonist CP-101,606 abolishes pitch-mediated deviance detection in awake rats

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Siva eDigavalli

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Schizophrenia patients exhibit a decreased ability to detect change in their auditory environment as measured by auditory event related potentials such as mismatch negativity. This deficit has been linked to abnormal NMDA neurotransmission since, among other observations, non-selective channel blockers of NMDA reliably diminish deviance detection in human subjects as well as in animal models. Recent molecular and functional evidence link NR2B receptor subtype to aberrant NMDA transmission in schizophrenia. However, it is unknown if NR2B receptors participate in pre-attentive deviance detection. We recorded event related potentials from the vertex of freely behaving rats in response to frequency mismatch protocols. We saw a robust increase in N1 response to deviants compared to standard as well as control stimuli indicating true deviance detection. Moreover, the increased negativity was highly sensitive to deviant probability. Next, we tested the effect of a non-selective NMDA channel blocker (ketamine, 30 mg/kg and a highly selective NR2B antagonist, CP-101,606 (10 or 30 mg/kg on deviance detection. Ketamine attenuated deviance mainly by increasing the amplitude of the standard ERP. Amplitude and/or latency of several ERP components were also markedly affected. In contrast, CP-101,606 robustly and dose-dependently inhibited the deviant’s N1 amplitude and as a consequence, completely abolished deviance detection. No other ERPs or components were affected. Thus, we report first evidence that NR2B receptors robustly participate in processes of automatic deviance detection in a rodent model. Lastly, our model demonstrates a path forward to test specific pharmacological hypotheses using translational endpoints relevant to aberrant sensory processing in schizophrenia.

Schostakowitsch: Sinfonie Nr. 12 op. 112 (Das Jahr 1917) / Hans-Christian Dadelsen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Dadelsen, Hans-Christian

1991-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Schostakowitsch: Sinfonie Nr. 12 op. 112 (Das Jahr 1917). Hamlet-Suite op. 32a. Das goldene Zeitalter [The Age of Gold] (Suite) op. 22a. Göteborger Symphoniker, Neeme Järvi". DG CD 431 688-2 (WD:77'21") DDD

Metodología de Gestión por Competencias Asumiendo la Norma Cubana sobre Gestión de Capital HumanoMetodologia de Gestão por Competências Assumindo a Norma Cubana sobre Gestão de Capital HumanoMethodology of Competences Management Assuming the Cuban Norm about Management of Human Capital

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SANTOS, Armando Ramón Cuesta

2011-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMOO presente estudo se consiste em uma pesquisa realizada em oito empresas cubanas que seguiam o enfoque de competências na gestão estratégica de recursos humanos segundo a norma cubana NC:3000-3002:2007 sobre gestão do capital humano visando um desempenho de maior produtividade. O objetivo do estudo é apresentar um modelo de gestão de desempenho por competências com base nas normas citas e nos casos analisados. Para o desenvolvimento do modelo procurou-se relacionar o desempenho individual por competências com o desempenho organizacional. Como resultado pode-se apresentar um modelo de gestão de desempenho por competências dos diversos níveis organizacionais com base nas Normas Cubanas mencionadas.ABSTRACTAn applied research conducted in eight Cuban companies which follow the approach of skills in strategic management of human resources according to the standard Cuban CN: 3000-3002:2007 on human capital management, seeking a superior performance to higher productivity. It sought to manage the connection of individual work with the responsibilities for the strategic organizational performance. As a result we have obtained a metodology to manage the various skill levels expressed in this companies, which acceptance of the competence concept in the position is fundamental in the NC mentioned. Presenting this methodology for performance management competence is the mais purpose of this article.RESUMENUna investigación aplicada realizada en ocho empresas cubanas que estaban siguiendo el enfoque de competencias en gestión estratégica de recursos humanos, asumiendo la norma cubana NC: 3000-3002: 2007 sobre gestión de capital humano, en aras de un desempeño superior o de mayor productividad, buscó gestionar el vínculo del desempeño individual por competencias con el desempeño organizacional o estratégico. Como resultado se obtuvo una metodología de gestión de los distintos niveles de competencias que se expresan en esas

[Applylication of new type combined fragments: nrDNA ITS+ nad 1-intron 2 for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous].

Science.gov (United States)

Geng, Li-xia; Zheng, Rui; Ren, Jie; Niu, Zhi-tao; Sun, Yu-long; Xue, Qing-yun; Liu, Wei; Ding, Xiao-yu

2015-08-01

In this study, 17 kinds of Dendrobium species of Fengdous including 39 individuals were collected from 4 provinces. Mitochondrial gene sequences co I, nad 5, nad 1-intron 2 and chloroplast gene sequences rbcL, matK amd psbA-trnH were amplified from these materials, as well as nrDNA ITS. Furthermore, suitable sequences for identification of Dendrobium species of Fengdous were screened by K-2-P and P-distance. The results showed that during the mentioned 7 sequences, nrDNA ITS, nad 1-intron 2 and psbA-trnH which had a high degree of variability could be used to identify Dendrobium species of Fengdous. However, single fragment could not be used to distinguish D. moniliforme and D. huoshanense. Moreover, compared to other combined fragments, new type combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 was more effective in identifying the original plants of Dendrobium species and could be used to identify D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme. Besides, according to the UPGMA tree constructed with nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2, 3 inspected Dendrobium plants were identified as D. huoshanense, D. moniliforme and D. officinale, respectively. This study identified Dendrobium species of Fengdous by combined fragments nrDNA ITS+nad 1-intron 2 for the first time, which provided a more effective basis for identification of Dendrobium species. And this study will be helpful for regulating the market of Fengdous.

Kalinnikov: Sinfonie Nr.2 A-Dur, Ouvertüre Zar Boris / Hanspeter Krellmann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Krellmann, Hanspeter

1990-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Kalinnikov: Sinfonie Nr.2 A-Dur, Ouvertüre Zar Boris, Die Zeder und die Palme. Scottish National Orchestra, Neeme Järvi" (AD: 1989) Chandos / Koch Records CD 8805 (WD: 59'40") DDD

Mulheres e a qualidade de vida: duas normas ou uma? Women and the quality of life: two norms or one?

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Julia Annas

1993-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo trata da questão de como podemos avaliar as injustiças suscitadas pela existência de duas normas sociais distintas para a vida de homens e mulheres. Argumenta-se que essas injustiças tornam-se mais visíveis quando se confronta essa diferenciação tal como existe em sociedades de tipo "liberal" comn o modo como se apresenta em sociedades "tradicionais". Essa comparação pode revelar o papel que o apelo a uma noção de natureza humana pode desempenhar na crítica às injustiças de gênero, diversamenter do que sustentam as feministas que aderem ao relativismo cultural ou moral.How to evaluate the injustices arising from the existence of two distinct social normas for the lifes of men and women? The author argues that these injustices become more visible when the way this distinction appears in a "liberal" society is compared with the way it manifests itself in a "traditional" society. This comparison can reveal the role which an appeal to an human nature may play in the criticism of gender injustices, in opposition to the views of feminists who adhere to cultural or moral relativism.

Adoção do regime de competência no setor público brasileiro sob a perspectiva das normas brasileiras e internacionais de contabilidade

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DANIEL PEREIRA CRUVINEL

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a adoção do regime contábil de competência pelo setor público brasileiro sob a perspectiva das Normas Brasileiras e das Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade. Trata-se de um ensaio baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que analisa o disposto nas normas brasileiras e internacionais sobre o tema, confrontando também os aspectos legais sob a perspectiva da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional (STN, do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU e da Procuradoria Geral da Fazenda Nacional (PGFN. A justificativa para o estudo está na percepção de que a Contabilidade deve ser base para o planejamento da ação governamental, devendo refletir a essência das transações e não meramente a sua forma legal. A inovação consiste em considerar que o orçamento e a Contabilidade devem possuir a mesma base para efeito de comparabilidade e em trazer a adoção do regime contábil de competência integral sob a perspectiva do Study 14 da IFAC. Conclui-se que entre os resultados esperados com a adoção do regime de competência integral na Contabilidade Pública Brasileira está o registro contábil das transações quando da ocorrência do fato gerador e não no momento do seu pagamento ou recebimento, fazendo com que informações que antes não integravam as contas públicas possam ser registradas e reconhecidas contabilmente nas demonstrações do período em que se relacionarem.

ANÁLISE DAS NORMAS BRASILEIRAS DE CONTABILIDADE APLICADAS AO SETOR PÚBLICO (NBCASP: UM ESTUDO NAS UNIDADES DA FEDERAÇÃO DO BRASIL

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Francisca Francivânia Rodrigues Ribeiro Macêdo

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a aderência das Unidades da Federação do Brasil às Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa configura–se como descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada por meio de pesquisa documental. Os dados da pesquisa revelam que no exercício de 2010, 2011 e 2012 o disclosure dos órgãos públicos do Estado no que concerne à aderência às Normas Brasileiras de Contabilidade Aplicadas ao Setor Público (NBCASP que convergem com as International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS ainda é incipiente. Ressalta-se que pontos importantes constantes nas normas NBCT 16.3 e NBCT 16.8, que versam, respectivamente, sobre a divulgação do PPA, LDO e Controle Interno ainda não são respeitados, mesmo que tais itens tenham sua divulgação obrigatória exigida na Constituição Federal e pela Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. Observou-se também que das 27 unidades federativas, apenas os Estados de Minas Gerais, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, Bahia, Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Tocantins, Goiás, Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul não evidenciaram a conta intitulada intangível. Nenhum dos Estados evidenciou a Demonstração do Fluxo de Caixa e a Demonstração do Resultado Econômico ou se mencionou algo sobre o sistema de custos ou a avaliação das disponibilidades e direitos e títulos de crédito. Conclui-se que os Estados brasileiros ainda não estão preparados para iniciar a divulgação obrigatória segundo as NBCASP, dado o nível de disclosure evidenciado até o momento.

ADOÇÃO DO REGIME DE COMPETÊNCIA NO SETOR PÚBLICO BRASILEIRO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DAS NORMAS BRASILEIRAS E INTERNACIONAIS DE CONTABILIDADE

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Daniel Pereira Cruvinel

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la adopción del régimen contable de competencia en el sector público brasileño dese la perspectiva de las normas brasileñas y las normas internacionales de contabilidad. Este es un ensayo basado en la literatura de investigación y documentos que analizan las disposiciones de las normas nacionales e internacionales sobre el tema, comparando también las aspectos legales desde la perspectiva de la Secretaría del Tesoro Nacional (STN, Tribunal de Cuentas (TCU y el Procuraduría General de la Hacienda Nacional (PGFN. La justificación para el estudio es la percepción de que las cuentas deben ser la base para la planificación de la acción gubernamental y debe reflejar la substancia de las transacciones y no meramente su forma legal. La innovación consiste en considerar que el presupuesto y las cuentas deben tener las mimas bases para efectos de comparación y para incluir la adopción de la base completa de valores devengados desde la perspectiva del study 14 de la IFAC. Llega a la conclusión de que entre los resultados esperados con la adopción del régimen de competencia integral en la contabilidad publica brasileña están las operaciones contables sobre la ocurrencia de un evento de generador y no en el momento del pago o la recepción, por lo que informaciones que antes no formaban parte de las cuentas públicas puedan ser registradas y reconocidas de manera contable en las demostraciones del periodo en que son relacionadas.

Isopiestic determination of the osmotic coefficient and vapour pressure of N-R-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridinium tetrafluoroborate (R = C4H9, C5H11, C6H13) in the ethanol solution at T = 298.15 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sardroodi, Jaber Jahanbin; Atabay, Maryam; Azamat, Jafar

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► The osmotic coefficients of the solutions of ionic liquid in ethanol have been measured. ► Measured osmotic coefficients were correlated using Pitzer, e-NRTL and NRF models and polynomial equation. ► Vapour pressures were evaluated from the correlated osmotic coefficients. - Abstract: Osmotic coefficients of the solutions of room temperature ionic liquid N-R-4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridinium tetrafluoroborate (R = C 4 H 9 , C 5 H 11 , C 6 H 13 ) in ethanol have been measured at T = 298.15 K by the isopiestic method. The experimental osmotic coefficients have been correlated using the ion interaction model of Pitzer, electrolyte non-random two liquid (e-NRTL) model of Chen, non-random factor (NRF) and a fourth-order polynomial in terms of molality. The vapour pressures of the solutions studied have been evaluated from the osmotic coefficients.

LAS NORMAS JURÍDICAS Y LAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS SOBRE BOSQUES CULTIVADOS EN LAS REGIONES DEL CENTRO Y DE PATAGONIA EN ARGENTINA

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C. M. MINAVERRY

2017-08-01

Full Text Available El eje central de este trabajo es analizar el nivel de desarrollo de las normas jurídicas, de las políticas públicas, y de la idoneidad de las autoridades de aplicación sobre bosques cultivados, en las regiones del Centro y de la Patagonia en Argentina. Se trata de una investigación de carácter exploratorio, donde se aplicó el método de la hermenéutica jurídica y los indicadores ambientales PER. Se puede concluir que los niveles de desarrollo normativo de las provincias no son uniformes, y que la mayoría de las normas jurídicas y de las políticas públicas tienden a establecer incentivos económicos para aprovechar el efecto del mercado, sin orientarse hacia una protección integral de los ecosistemas boscosos, y que las autoridades de aplicación en su mayoría no son técnicamente adecuadas para eso.

Mechanical properties of chemically modified Sansevieria trifasciata/natural rubber/high density polyethylene (STF/NR/HDPE) composites: Effect of silane coupling agent

Science.gov (United States)

Zakaria, Nurzam Ezdiani; Baharum, Azizah; Ahmad, Ishak

2018-04-01

The main objective of this research is to study the effects of chemical modification on the mechanical properties of treated Sansevieria trifasciata fiber/natural rubber/high density polyethylene (TSTF/NR/HDPE) composites. Processing of STF/NR/HDPE composites was done by using an internal mixer. The processing parameters used were 135°C for temperature and a mixing rotor speed of 55 rpm for 15 minutes. Filler loading was varied from 10% to 40% of STF and the fiber size used was 125 µm. The composite blends obtained then were pressed with a hot press machine to get test samples of 1 mm and 3 mm of thickness. Samples were evaluated via tensile tests, Izod impact test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that tensile strength and strain value decreased while tensile modulus increased when filler loading increased. Impact strength increased when filler loading increased and began to decrease after 10% of filler amount for treated composites. For untreated composites, impact strength began to decrease after 20% of filler loading. Chemical modification by using silane coupling agent has improved certain mechanical properties of the composites such as tensile strength, strain value and tensile modulus. Adding more amount of filler will also increase the viscosity and the stiffness of the materials.

Mahler: Sinfonie Nr. 8 Es-Dur (Sinfonie der Tausend) / Norbert Rüdell

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rüdell, Norbert

1995-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Mahler: Sinfonie Nr. 8 Es-Dur (Sinfonie der Tausend). Estonian Boys' Choir, Brunnsbo Children's Choir, Gothenburg Opera Chorus, Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Choir, Gothenburg Symphony Chorus, Gothenburg Opera Chorus, Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, Neeme Järvi. BIS/Disco-Center CD 700 (WD:72'18")

PlugIn Libre para la gestión bibliográfica de la norma UNE-ISO 690:2013

OpenAIRE

GARRIDO PICAZO, MARÍA PIEDAD

2016-01-01

[ES] Los gestores de referencias bibliográfica son una herramienta clásica que se utiliza principalmente en los trabajos de investigación científica. Desde la década de loa 80, este tipo de aplicaciones han sido objeto de evaluaciones y mejoras por parte de los propios científicos. Además, recientemente se está imponiendo en todo tipo de instituciones el uso de normas, estilos o directrices que sean capaces de soportar la gestión de citas de documentos electrónicos. JabRef es u...

Necesidad de legislar como contravenciones, las violaciones de normas de bioseguridad e higiene y epidemiología hospitalaria

OpenAIRE

Betancourt Doimeadios, Juan Eusebio; Lores Hernández, Luis Enrique; Calzadilla Castillo, Wilmar; Cruz Ávila, Geanela; Marrero Pastor, Alberto

2014-01-01

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de profundizar conocimientos relacionados con la bioseguridad, las infecciones asociadas a la asistencia sanitaria y la epidemiología hospitalaria. La revisión contempló normas, programas y artículos afines a estos temas y la legislación vigente relacionada con la imposición de multas por contravenciones personales en materia de higiene. Se analizaron las violaciones que con mayor frecuencia se observan en la prestación de la asistencia y ...

Factibilidad de la norma ISO 50 001 en el Central Hidroléctrica "Carlos Mora Carrión"

OpenAIRE

Cuenca Mendieta, Stalin Eduardo

2013-01-01

ISO 50001 es una nueva norma estandarizada para implementar un SGEn (Sistema de Gestión Energético), especifica requisitos para que una organización establezca, implemente, mantenga y mejore un SGEn, habilitando a dicha organización, sistemáticamente, a conseguir un mejoramiento continuo de su rendimiento energético y lograr el uso eficiente de energía, mejorando su productividad, competitividad y reducción de emisiones de CO2. La CCMC (Central Carlos Mora Carrión) es susceptible de evalu...

O fenómeno do Fansubbing em inglês: principais normas de tradução e legendagem

OpenAIRE

Sousa, Inês Fernandes e

2011-01-01

Tese de mestrado, Tradução, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2012 Este trabalho enquadra-se no âmbito dos Estudos Descritivos de Tradução, mais concretamente, nos conceitos de norma e estratégia de tradução e teve como objectivo estudar algumas das principais estratégias e regularidades evidenciadas pelo fenómeno de “fansubbing”. Este fenómeno corresponde ao trabalho de equipas amadoras especializadas na tradução para legendagem predominantemente em inglês de desenh...

Qualified and Unqualified (N-R C) mental health nursing staff--minor differences in sources of stress and burnout. A European multi-centre study.

Science.gov (United States)

Sorgaard, Knut W; Ryan, Peter; Dawson, Ian

2010-06-14

Unqualified/non-registered caregivers (N-R Cs) will continue to play important roles in the mental health services. This study compares levels of burnout and sources of stress among qualified and N-R Cs working in acute mental health care. A total of 196 nursing staff --124 qualified staff (mainly nurses) and 72 N-R Cs with a variety of different educational backgrounds--working in acute wards or community mental teams from 5 European countries filled out the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Mental Health Professional Scale (MHPSS) and the Psychosocial Work Environment and Stress Questionnaire (PWSQ). (a) The univariate differences were generally small and restricted to a few variables. Only Social relations (N-R Cs being less satisfied) at Work demands (nurses reporting higher demands) were different at the .05 level. (b) The absolute scores both groups was highest on variables that measured feelings of not being able to influence a work situation characterised by great demands and insufficient resources. Routines and educational programs for dealing with stress should be available on a routine basis. (c) Multivariate analyses identified three extreme groups: (i) a small group dominated by unqualified staff with high depersonalization, (ii) a large group that was low on depersonalisation and high on work demands with a majority of qualified staff, and (iii) a small N-R C-dominated group (low depersonalization, low work demands) with high scores on professional self-doubt. In contrast to (ii) the small and N-R C-dominated groups in (i) and (iii) reflected mainly centre-dependent problems. The differences in burnout and sources of stress between the two groups were generally small. With the exception of high work demands the main differences between the two groups appeared to be centre-dependent. High work demands characterized primarily qualified staff. The main implication of the study is that no special measures addressed towards N-R Cs in general with regard

Las implementaciones de las normas de seguridad de la información: estudio de caso la Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer del Ecuador

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Marcos Caiza-Acero

2014-11-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra el análisis y la justificación de selección de una de las Normas de seguridad de la información: ISO 27002, COBIT e ITIL para ser implementada en el departamento de sistemas de la Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer del Ecuador (S.O.L.C.A. El dominio que se analizará es el físico y refleja que el hospital tiene un alto porcentaje de incumplimiento en los controles de protección contra amenzas externas y del medio ambiente así como el de seguridad en la reutilización o eliminación de equipos. Debido a esto, se propone un presupuesto para que se cumplan dichos controles. Finalmente se hacen recomendaciones para que la norma sea implementada en su totalidad en el departamento y luego en la institución.

Canonical realizations of the Lie algebra sp(2n,R)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Havlicek, M.; Lassner, W.

1975-01-01

The generators of the Lie algebra of the symplectic group sp(2n,R) are, rezcurently, realied by means of polynomials in the quantum canonical variables qsub(i) and psub(i), i=1,...,d(2n-d);d=1,...,n. These realisations are skew-hermitean, the Casimir operators are realised by constant multiples of identity element and they depend on d free real parameters

Os Refugiados e a fragmentaridade das normas de Direito Internacional. O cenário complexo das migrações forçadas face o cenário sócio-político atual

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Saddam Mohamad Mohamad

2018-02-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo, o direito internacional dos direitos humanos, trazendo como proposição a apresentação da fragmentaridade do direito internacional. Muito diferente das normas internas a qual regem-se por uma hierarquia normativa, em âmbito internacional não vemos a mesma coisa, ocorrendo a horizontalidade das normas, fazendo com que as normas internas de cada estado se sobreponha, muitas vezes, as leis internacionais. Tal fato acarreta em algumas restrições a jurisdição internacional, o qual será evidenciado pela problemática dos refugiados sírios na atualidade, temática de grande relevância nos últimos anos no cenário internacional pela expressiva abrangência de seus fluxos, pelo desrespeito a dignidade humana e pela crescente violência na sua contenção, apesar de sua condição de extrema vulnerabilidade. Metodologia. Adotar-se-á o método de abordagem dialético e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfico.

A primeira adoção das normas internacionais de contabilidade: ensaio nas demonstrações financeiras das empresas brasileiras do setor da construção civil e incorporação imobiliária

OpenAIRE

Watanabe, Léo

2009-01-01

As recentes mudanças na contabilidade no Brasil, causadas por uma forte corrente mundial em pró de uma linguagem universal contábil, fato que tem levado muitos países a entrarem em um processo de convergência das normas de contabilidade seguindo os pronunciamentos editados pelo International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), fizeram com que o mercado de capitais brasileiro obrigasse as principais companhias listadas na BOVESPA, a partir do ano calendário de 2008, a adotar as Normas Internaci...

INTRAHIPPOCAMPAL ADMINISTRATION OF IBOTENIC ACID INDUCED CHOLINERGIC DYSFUNCTION via NR2A/NR2B EXPRESSION: IMPLICATIONS OF RESVERATROL AGAINST ALZHEIMER DISEASE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

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Chennakesavan eKarthick

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Although several drugs revealed moderate amelioration of symptoms, none of them have sufficient potency to prevent or reverse the progression towards Alzheimer’s disease (AD pathology. Resveratrol (RSV, a polyphenolic compound has shown an outstanding therapeutic effect on a broad spectrum of diseases like age-associated neurodegeneration, inflammation etc. The present study was thus conducted to assess the therapeutic efficacy of RSV in ameliorating the deleterious effects of Ibotenic acid (IBO in male Wistar rats. Stereotactic intrahippocampal administration of IBO (5µg/µl lesioned rats impairs cholinergic transmission, learning and memory performance that is rather related to AD and thus chosen as a suitable model to understand the drug efficacy in preventing AD pathophysiology. Since IBO is an agonist of glutamate, it is expected to exhibit an excitotoxic effect by altering glutamatergic receptors like NMDA receptor. The current study displayed significant alterations in the mRNA expression of NR2A and NR2B subunits of NMDA receptors, and further it is surprising to note that cholinergic receptors decreased in expression particularly α7-nAChR with increased m1AChR. RSV administration (20mg/kg body weight, i.p significantly reduced these changes in IBO induced rats. Glutamatergic and cholinergic receptor alterations were associated with significant changes in the behavioral parameters of rats induced by IBO. While RSV improved spatial learning performance, attenuated immobility and improvised open field activity in IBO induced rats. NR2B activation in the present study might mediate cell death through oxidative stress that form the basis of abnormal behavioral pattern in IBO induced rats. Interestingly, RSV that could efficiently encounter oxidative stress have significantly decreased stress markers viz., nitrite, PCO, and MDA levels by enhancing antioxidant status. Histopathological analysis displayed significant reduction in the

Modelo de gestão para programas de ergonomia industrial.

OpenAIRE

José Celso Rocha II

2001-01-01

As empresas brasileiras estão sendo induzidas a investir em programas de ergonomia, para adequar seus postos de trabalhos à NR17 (Norma Regulamentadora de Ergonomia). Neste contexto, as firmas confrontam-se com a necessidade de avaliar econômica e financeiramente os custos e os benefícios associados à implementação de um programa de ergonomia. Esta avaliação é complicada pela própria natureza do problema de saúde trabalhista, que envolve externalidades econômicas e a natureza intangível de m...

NR4A orphan nuclear receptors influence retinoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid signaling via up-regulation of fatty acid binding protein 5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volakakis, Nikolaos; Joodmardi, Eliza; Perlmann, Thomas

2009-01-01

The orphan nuclear receptor (NR) Nurr1 is expressed in the developing and adult nervous system and is also induced as an immediate early gene in a variety of cell types. In silico analysis of human promoters identified fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), a protein shown to enhance retinoic acid-mediated PPARβ/δ signaling, as a potential Nurr1 target gene. Nurr1 has previously been implicated in retinoid signaling via its heterodimerization partner RXR. Since NRs are commonly involved in cross-regulatory control we decided to further investigate the regulatory relationship between Nurr1 and FABP5. FABP5 expression was up-regulated by Nurr1 and other NR4A NRs in HEK293 cells, and Nurr1 was shown to activate and bind to the FABP5 promoter, supporting that FABP5 is a direct downstream target of NR4A NRs. We also show that the RXR ligand docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can induce nuclear translocation of FABP5. Moreover, via up-regulation of FABP5 Nurr1 can enhance retinoic acid-induced signaling of PPARβ/δ and DHA-induced activation of RXR. We also found that other members of the NR4A orphan NRs can up-regulate FABP5. Thus, our findings suggest that NR4A orphan NRs can influence signaling events of other NRs via control of FABP5 expression levels.

El mejoramiento de procesos y su aplicación bajo norma ISO 9004: caso compañía de aceites

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GIOVANNI PEREZ

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se centra en la elaboración de una propuesta de mejoramiento para el problema que presenta el proceso de Despacho de Pedidos de la línea de producción de la marca MOTOR PLUS en una empresa dedicada al envase de aceite para vehículos. Para esto se utilizó la teoría sobre mejoramiento de procesos de Harrington y la norma NTC ISO 9001:2000.

Behavioral assays for evaluating host preferences of Euwallacea nr. fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae).

Science.gov (United States)

In 2010, the exotic ambrosia beetle, Euwallacea nr. fornicatus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) was first discovered in Florida avocado groves. Introduction of its symbiotic Fusarium spp. fungi into galleries in the xylem tissue results in Fusarium-dieback disease. Unlike most ambros...

Involvement of spinal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia in rats

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Yano Takahisa

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug characterized by the development of acute and chronic peripheral neuropathies. The chronic neuropathy is a dose-limiting toxicity. We previously reported that repeated administration of oxaliplatin induced cold hyperalgesia in the early phase and mechanical allodynia in the late phase in rats. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of NR2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA receptors in oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia in rats. Results Repeated administration of oxaliplatin (4 mg/kg, i.p., twice a week caused mechanical allodynia in the fourth week, which was reversed by intrathecal injection of MK-801 (10 nmol and memantine (1 μmol, NMDA receptor antagonists. Similarly, selective NR2B antagonists Ro25-6981 (300 nmol, i.t. and ifenprodil (50 mg/kg, p.o. significantly attenuated the oxaliplatin-induced pain behavior. In addition, the expression of NR2B protein and mRNA in the rat spinal cord was increased by oxaliplatin on Day 25 (late phase but not on Day 5 (early phase. Moreover, we examined the involvement of nitric oxide synthase (NOS as a downstream target of NMDA receptor. L-NAME, a non-selective NOS inhibitor, and 7-nitroindazole, a neuronal NOS (nNOS inhibitor, significantly suppressed the oxaliplatin-induced pain behavior. The intensity of NADPH diaphorase staining, a histochemical marker for NOS, in the superficial layer of spinal dorsal horn was obviously increased by oxaliplatin, and this increased intensity was reversed by intrathecal injection of Ro25-6981. Conclusion These results indicated that spinal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors are involved in the oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia.

Matrizes progressivas coloridas de Raven - escala especial: normas para Porto Alegre, RS The Raven's coloured progressive matrices: norms for Porto Alegre, RS

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Denise Ruschel Bandeira

2004-12-01

Full Text Available O Teste das Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven destina-se à avaliação do desenvolvimento intelectual de crianças de 5 a 11 anos de idade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer normas para as crianças de Porto Alegre - RS. A amostra foi composta por 779 crianças matriculadas em escolas estaduais, de 4 anos e 9 meses a 11 anos e 9 meses. Foi constatado aumento progressivo nas médias de pontos com o aumento da idade e não foram encontradas diferenças entre meninos e meninas. Na comparação com as crianças de escolas públicas de São Paulo, as médias das crianças de Porto Alegre foram mais altas, mas em geral foram inferiores às das escolas particulares de São Paulo. Foram estabelecidas as normas em percentis para cada faixa etária. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade do estabelecimento de normas distintas para as diferentes regiões do Brasil, principalmente em relação aos testes de inteligência.The Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices was proposed standards to Porto Alegre (RS children. The sample was composed by 779 children from Porto Alegre state public schools, aged from 4 years and 9 months to 11 years and 9 months. It was found a progressive increase in average scores as age increased and it was not verified differences between boys and girls. Comparing average scores between children from São Paulo and Porto Alegre public schools we found that the average scores from Porto Alegre children was higher, but they were lower than the scores from São Paulo private schools children. Percentile ranks were obtained to each age level with range of six months. Research results show the need to establish specific norms to different Brazilian regions, mainly concerning intelligence tests.

Impactos da implantação das normas internacionais de contabilidade na controladoria: um estudo à luz da teoria da estruturação em uma empresa têxtil

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Ilse Maria Beuren

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Estudos relativos às atividades da Controladoria que se inter-relacionam com outras ciências, como Psicologia e Sociologia, favorecem conhecimentos mais holísticos sobre essa área organizacional. Assim, neste estudo objetiva-se verificar os impactos da implantação das normas internacionais de contabilidade na controladoria à luz da Teoria da Estruturação. O pressuposto é que o processo de implantação das normas internacionais vem contribuir para a produção e a reprodução da ordem social da área organizacional controladoria. A Teoria da Estruturação de Giddens (1979; 1996; 2003 sustenta esta pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada por meio de um estudo de caso em uma indústria têxtil. Nela, analisaram-se impactos da implantação das normas internacionais de contabilidade na controladoria, no período de 2008 a 2010, que abrange a fase de implantação dos CPCs na empresa, emitidos pelo Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC. A coleta de dados deu-se por meio de observação, análise documental, entrevistas individuais e grupo focal. A análise das entrevistas individuais e do grupo focal foi realizada com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti. Os resultados apontaram que o processo de implantação das normas internacionais de contabilidade impactou a estrutura da área organizacional controladoria, por meio de novas atividades, discussões e mudanças nos processos e controles, além da interação dos agentes, por meio de comunicação e capacidades, permitindo a produção e a reprodução dessa área. Conclui-se que a dualidade da estrutura preconizada por Giddens (1979; 1996; 2003 ocorreu na empresa no período analisado, pois a estrutura impactou a interação e vice-versa.

Fundamentos Teóricos para la Interpretación de las Normas Contables Profesionales Argentinas en Materia de Conversión de Estados Contables

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Carlos Federico Torres

2005-12-01

Full Text Available La conversión de estados contables de una moneda en la que originalmente fueron preparados a otra, constituye un procedimiento de reexpresión, y, por lo tanto, debe considerárselo un tema inherente a la unidad de medida en la que se expresa la información contable. No consideraremos en este trabajo los aspectos básicos del procedimiento, puesto que sólo nos abocaremos a las cuestiones relativas a la identificación y el análisis del concepto de moneda funcional y a la identificación de los métodos aplicables en el marco de las normas contenidas en la resolución técnica nº 18, sección 1, vigente en la actualidad. Dilucidados estos aspectos, nos trasladamos al contexto argentino, a fin de interpretar cuáles son estos procedimientos en el marco de las normas contenidas de la resolución técnica nº 18, sección 1.

NR4A1 (Nur77 mediates thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced stimulation of transcription of the thyrotropin β gene: analysis of TRH knockout mice.

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Yasuyo Nakajima

Full Text Available Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH is a major stimulator of thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH synthesis in the anterior pituitary, though precisely how TRH stimulates the TSHβ gene remains unclear. Analysis of TRH-deficient mice differing in thyroid hormone status demonstrated that TRH was critical for the basal activity and responsiveness to thyroid hormone of the TSHβ gene. cDNA microarray and K-means cluster analyses with pituitaries from wild-type mice, TRH-deficient mice and TRH-deficient mice with thyroid hormone replacement revealed that the largest and most consistent decrease in expression in the absence of TRH and on supplementation with thyroid hormone was shown by the TSHβ gene, and the NR4A1 gene belonged to the same cluster as and showed a similar expression profile to the TSHβ gene. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that NR4A1 was expressed not only in ACTH- and FSH- producing cells but also in thyrotrophs and the expression was remarkably reduced in TRH-deficient pituitary. Furthermore, experiments in vitro demonstrated that incubation with TRH in GH4C1 cells increased the endogenous NR4A1 mRNA level by approximately 50-fold within one hour, and this stimulation was inhibited by inhibitors for PKC and ERK1/2. Western blot analysis confirmed that TRH increased NR4A1 expression within 2 h. A series of deletions of the promoter demonstrated that the region between bp -138 and +37 of the TSHβ gene was responsible for the TRH-induced stimulation, and Chip analysis revealed that NR4A1 was recruited to this region. Conversely, knockdown of NR4A1 by siRNA led to a significant reduction in TRH-induced TSHβ promoter activity. Furthermore, TRH stimulated NR4A1 promoter activity through the TRH receptor. These findings demonstrated that 1 TRH is a highly specific regulator of the TSHβ gene, and 2 TRH mediated induction of the TSHβ gene, at least in part by sequential stimulation of the NR4A1-TSHβ genes through a PKC and

Normas de terminación para la palabra final de oraciones en español para niños mexicanos

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Mario Rodríguez-Carmacho

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Las normas de terminación de oraciones son un recurso valioso para los investigadores interesados en el estudio de los efectos que tiene un contexto sobre los procesos de reconocimiento de palabras, y la comprensión del lenguaje en general. Este estudio presenta las normas de terminación para la palabra final de 278 oraciones en español para niños mexicanos, obtenidas a través del método de cloze, en una muestra de 420 estudiantes (226 niños y 194 niñas de 9 a 12 años de edad del 4º al 6º grado de primarias públicas del Estado de México. La tarea de los niños consistió en leer cada una de las oraciones y completarlas con una palabra al cierre. Se calculó la probabilidad de cierre de cada palabra respondida para cada uno de los contextos, de acuerdo a las respuestas de los niños. Aunque el corpus incluyó oraciones con diferentes restricciones contextuales, la respuesta de los sujetos mostró un mayor número de oraciones con alta probabilidad de cierre. Este material puede ser utilizado en la investigación sobre la comprensión del lenguaje tanto auditivo como escrito en niños.

Una mirada a las normas sobre dimensionado y tolerado geométrico en hispanoamérica

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JORGE I. GÓMEZ G

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo muestra el nivel alcanzado respecto al Dimensionado y Tolerado Geométrico de dibujos mecánicos en Hispanoamérica. Para lograr este propósito, se mira si los diferentes organismos de normalización han homologado estándares ISO que atañen a este tema. También se analiza la cantidad de normas homologadas y la calidad de las traducciones realizadas por país. Se puede apreciar como menos de la mitad de los países han hecho homologaciones y como la mayoría de los que las han realizado presentan fallas que limitan su uso y confiabilidad

NormaCurve: a SuperCurve-based method that simultaneously quantifies and normalizes reverse phase protein array data.

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Sylvie Troncale

Full Text Available MOTIVATION: Reverse phase protein array (RPPA is a powerful dot-blot technology that allows studying protein expression levels as well as post-translational modifications in a large number of samples simultaneously. Yet, correct interpretation of RPPA data has remained a major challenge for its broad-scale application and its translation into clinical research. Satisfying quantification tools are available to assess a relative protein expression level from a serial dilution curve. However, appropriate tools allowing the normalization of the data for external sources of variation are currently missing. RESULTS: Here we propose a new method, called NormaCurve, that allows simultaneous quantification and normalization of RPPA data. For this, we modified the quantification method SuperCurve in order to include normalization for (i background fluorescence, (ii variation in the total amount of spotted protein and (iii spatial bias on the arrays. Using a spike-in design with a purified protein, we test the capacity of different models to properly estimate normalized relative expression levels. The best performing model, NormaCurve, takes into account a negative control array without primary antibody, an array stained with a total protein stain and spatial covariates. We show that this normalization is reproducible and we discuss the number of serial dilutions and the number of replicates that are required to obtain robust data. We thus provide a ready-to-use method for reliable and reproducible normalization of RPPA data, which should facilitate the interpretation and the development of this promising technology. AVAILABILITY: The raw data, the scripts and the normacurve package are available at the following web site: http://microarrays.curie.fr.

Interacciones nutrimentales y normas de la técnica de nutrimento compuesto en nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller

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F. Blanco-Macías

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Hacen falta conocimientos básicos sobre la nutrición del nopal, esto para hacerlo más productivo. En ese contexto, se utilizó la técnica de Diagnóstico de Nutrimento Compuesto (DNC para definir normas preliminares de nutrición en nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller, sustentada en la relación cúbica entre los rendimientos y las funciones de proporción de varianza acumulada, así como en la función de distribución χ2 de los índices de nutrición global. Se consideró una base de datos con 180 observaciones de rendimiento (expresado en peso fresco de cladodio por planta y las concentraciones (% de N, P, K, Ca y Mg en cladodios de un año de edad. El rendimiento de biomasa de nopal depende significativamente de las concentraciones de N (P≤0.01, K (P≤0.05 y Mg (P≤0.05. Se apreciaron los siguientes sinergismos significativos: P-K (P≤0.05, K-Mg (P≤0.01 y Mg-Ca (P≤0.01; y los antagonismos: N-Ca (P≤0.01 y N-Mg (P≤0.05. Las normas preliminares de DNC propuestas y expresadas como logaritmos de las proporciones centradas (media ± desviación estándar para d = 5 nutrientes, con base en una subpoblación (n = 57 de alto rendimiento (más de 46.7 kg·planta-1 de cladodios de nopal cultivado en un suelo calcáreo son: *N V = -0.98 ± 0.35, * P V = -2.23 ± 0.21, * K V = 0.25 ± 0.19, * Ca V = 0.37 ± 0.35, * Mg V = -0.71 ± 0.17, y * Rd V = 3.29 ± 0.09. Esas normas corresponden a los siguientes rangos de concentraciones óptimas (medias ± desviación estándar en los cladodios: 1.29 ± 0.47 de N (%, 0.36 ± 0.08 de P (%, 4.24 ± 0.88 de K (%, 4.96 ± 1.73 de Ca (% y 1.61 ± 0.27 de Mg (%. El nopal concentra más de cuatro veces K y Ca que N, demostrando que es una planta calcitrófica. Algo similar ocurre entre Mg y P, pues el primero se concentra cuatro veces más que el segundo

Loomingu Raamatukogu aasta 1995 / Holger Kaints

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaints, Holger, 1957-

1996-01-01

Järg: 29. märts 1996, lk. 15. Rets. rmt.: Jerzy Kosinski 'Kirgas lind' (nr.18-20); Yasar Kemali 'Madu maha tappa!' (nr.24); Lisa St. Aubin de Terani 'Koja valvurid' (nr.15-17); Gabriel Garcia Marquezi 'Väljakuulutatud mõrva kroonika' (nr.11/12); Arthur Koestleri 'Keskpäevapimedus' (nr.31-34) ja 'Pühendatud' (nr.5); Heinrich Bölli 'Katharina Blumi kaotatud au' (nr.22/23); Marina Palei 'Ringkanali Cabiria' (nr.14); Graham Greene'i 'Armastusloo lõpp' (nr.25-27); Henry Jamesi 'Asperni kirjad' (nr.37/38); Truman Capote'i 'Sünnipäevalapsed' (nr.8/9); Antonio Tabucchi 'Taevarand' (nr.21); Michael Bullocki 'Kaev ja teisi jutte' (nr.3); Henry Milleri 'Naeratus redeli jalamil' (nr.10); Arto Paasilinna 'Jänese aasta' (nr.28-30); Kahlil Gibrani 'Prohvet' (nr.4); Rainer Maria Rilke 'Kirjad noorele luuletajale (nr.13); Jaan Kaplinski 'Jää ja Titanic' (nr.6/7); Rein Saluri 'Tobukesed' (nr.36); Kaksteist Eesti kirja (nr.1/2); Hermann Hesse 'Fantaasiad' (nr.35); Herman Lindqvisti 'Üks Euroopa puha' (nr.39/40)

Sibelius. Lemminkäinen-Legenden op. 22 Nr. 1-4 / Christoph Schlüren

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Schlüren, Christoph

1997-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Sibelius: Lemminkäinen-Legenden op. 22 Nr. 1-4, Nächtlicher Ritt und Sonnenaufgang op. 55, Luonnotar op. 70. Stockholm Philharmoniker / Paavo Järvi. Virgin/EMI CD 545213 2 (WD:70'22")DDD

Apuntes jurídicos sobre la proteccion de datos personales a la luz de la actual norma de habeas data en Colombia

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Sol Beatriz Calle

2009-12-01

Full Text Available La actual ley estatutaria que pretendió regular el derecho fundamental a la intimidad así como el de información, consagrados en los artículos 15 y 20 respectivamente de la Constitución Política Colombiana, no hace un tratamiento global de la materia, no obstante los reiterados llamados de la Corte Constitucional en tal sentido. Su origen y desarrollo se centran en los datos de carácter financiero y crediticio, y la permanencia de los mismos en las centrales de riesgos, imponiendo al sector financiero una serie de cargas, así como cuantiosas sanciones por la violación de la ley. En este escrito se hace una presentación del origen de este derecho fundamental, se evidencian algunas de las falencias de la norma, se resaltan diversos aspectos que pueden resultar inconvenientes en las relaciones de Colombia con la Unión Europea y se destacan aspectos que inciden concretamente en la banca como principal fuente de los datos crediticios y financieros, manejados a través de bases de datos, hoy a cargo de las denominadas centrales de riesgos.

NR2E3 mutations in enhanced S-cone sensitivity syndrome (ESCS), Goldmann-Favre syndrome (GFS), clumped pigmentary retinal degeneration (CPRD), and retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Science.gov (United States)

Schorderet, Daniel F; Escher, Pascal

2009-11-01

NR2E3, also called photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR), is a transcription factor of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily whose expression is uniquely restricted to photoreceptors. There, its physiological activity is essential for proper rod and cone photoreceptor development and maintenance. Thirty-two different mutations in NR2E3 have been identified in either homozygous or compound heterozygous state in the recessively inherited enhanced S-cone sensitivity syndrome (ESCS), Goldmann-Favre syndrome (GFS), and clumped pigmentary retinal degeneration (CPRD). The clinical phenotype common to all these patients is night blindness, rudimental or absent rod function, and hyperfunction of the "blue" S-cones. A single p.G56R mutation is inherited in a dominant manner and causes retinitis pigmentosa (RP). We have established a new locus-specific database for NR2E3 (www.LOVD.nl/eye), containing all reported mutations, polymorphisms, and unclassified sequence variants, including novel ones. A high proportion of mutations are located in the evolutionarily-conserved DNA-binding domains (DBDs) and ligand-binding domains (LBDs) of NR2E3. Based on homology modeling of these NR2E3 domains, we propose a structural localization of mutated residues. The high variability of clinical phenotypes observed in patients affected by NR2E3-linked retinal degenerations may be caused by different disease mechanisms, including absence of DNA-binding, altered interactions with transcriptional coregulators, and differential activity of modifier genes.

A eficácia como condição de validade da norma jurídica em Kelsen /

OpenAIRE

Yokohama, Alessandro Otavio

1999-01-01

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas. Estudo da relação entre validade e eficácia da norma jurídica no pensamento kelseniano. Análise do assunto sob ótica dúplice: a) a eficácia como condição de validade; e b) o conceito de mínimo de eficácia. Compreensão do fenômeno eficácia como condição da validade dentro da teoria estática de Hans Kelsen.

Estudio del sistema de protección contra incendio de una planta de hidrocarburos de acuerdo a normas internacionales

OpenAIRE

Huarcaya Becerra, Hernan; Huarcaya Becerra, Hernan

2001-01-01

Dentro del marco de adecuar las instalaciones a una condición segura, dentro de las normas internacionales y mejorar la confiabilidad de las Instalaciones TRANSREDES S.A., se ha identificado la necesidad de instalar el sistema de contra incendio en las instalaciones de bombeo y compresión Para llegar a este punto se ha realizado previamente un análisis de riesgo y una ingeniería básica asociada que incluye el diseño básico conceptual, las mejoras a implementar, recomendacion...

Comentarios críticos de la Norma UNE 7245 sobre "determinación de los compuestos de azufre contenidos en los áridos"

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Calleja, José

1982-06-01

Full Text Available This paper shows some deficiences of the Spanish Standard Method UNE 7245 and the corresponding deficiences of the Spanish Concrete Code EH-SO adopting it. According to the actual Method, erroneous low values may result in determining sulphides and in general sulphur compounds in cocrete aggregates. Attention is drawn to the convenience of revising the limit of 1.2 per cent for the admissible maximum value of such compounds, particularly if they are exclusively formed by pyrites.

Se ponen de relieve en este trabajo ciertas definiciones de la Norma UNE 7245 y las correspondientes de la Instrucción EH-80 que la adopta, en cuanto que la citada Norma puede dar valores erróneos por defecto en la determinación de sulfures y, en general, de compuestos de azufre en áridos para hormigón. Se llama la atención sobre la conveniencia de revisar el límite de 1,2 por ciento para el contenido máximo tolerable de dichos compuestos, particularmente si están constituidos en exclusiva por piritas.

NR4A orphan nuclear receptors influence retinoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid signaling via up-regulation of fatty acid binding protein 5

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volakakis, Nikolaos; Joodmardi, Eliza [Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., Box 240, S-17177 Stockholm (Sweden); Perlmann, Thomas, E-mail: thomas.perlmann@licr.ki.se [Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., Box 240, S-17177 Stockholm (Sweden); The Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, S-17177 Stockholm (Sweden)

2009-12-25

The orphan nuclear receptor (NR) Nurr1 is expressed in the developing and adult nervous system and is also induced as an immediate early gene in a variety of cell types. In silico analysis of human promoters identified fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), a protein shown to enhance retinoic acid-mediated PPAR{beta}/{delta} signaling, as a potential Nurr1 target gene. Nurr1 has previously been implicated in retinoid signaling via its heterodimerization partner RXR. Since NRs are commonly involved in cross-regulatory control we decided to further investigate the regulatory relationship between Nurr1 and FABP5. FABP5 expression was up-regulated by Nurr1 and other NR4A NRs in HEK293 cells, and Nurr1 was shown to activate and bind to the FABP5 promoter, supporting that FABP5 is a direct downstream target of NR4A NRs. We also show that the RXR ligand docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can induce nuclear translocation of FABP5. Moreover, via up-regulation of FABP5 Nurr1 can enhance retinoic acid-induced signaling of PPAR{beta}/{delta} and DHA-induced activation of RXR. We also found that other members of the NR4A orphan NRs can up-regulate FABP5. Thus, our findings suggest that NR4A orphan NRs can influence signaling events of other NRs via control of FABP5 expression levels.

Erikontingendi filtreerimine ja töölerakendamine Eesti NSV-s kontroll-filterlaager nr. 0316 näitel / Peeter Kaasik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaasik, Peeter, 1974-

2010-01-01

1945. aasta alguses paigutati Paldiski lähedale Põllkülasse NKVD erilaager. Laager allus NSV Liidu NKVD kontroll-filterlaagrite osakonnale. Erikontingendi mõistest. Kontroll-filterlaagri nr. 0316 rajamisest ja struktuurist. Laagri Smerši osakonna tegevusest. Kontroll-laager nr. 0316 oli mõneti erandlik, sealt ei saadetud isikuid üldjuhul Eestist välja. Balti riikide kodanikest erikontingendi küsimus jäi täpselt määratlemata, NSV Liidu kui oma kodumaa reeturiteks ei saanud neid nimetada

The Nuclear Orphan Receptor NR4A1 is Involved in the Apoptotic Pathway Induced by LPS and Simvastatin in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Yong Chan; Song, Seok Bean; Lee, Sang Kyu; Park, Sang Min; Kim, Young Sang

2014-04-01

Macrophage death plays a role in several physiological and inflammatory pathologies such as sepsis and arthritis. In our previous work, we showed that simvastatin triggers cell death in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells through both caspase-dependent and independent apoptotic pathways. Here, we show that the nuclear orphan receptor NR4A1 is involved in a caspase-independent apoptotic process induced by LPS and simvastatin. Simvastatin-induced NR4A1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages and ectopic expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of NR4A1 effectively suppressed both DNA fragmentation and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) during LPS- and simvastatin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, apoptosis was accompanied by Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) translocation to the mitochondria. Our findings suggest that NR4A1 expression and mitochondrial translocation of Bax are related to simvastatin-induced apoptosis in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

High and low nightly running behavior associates with nucleus accumbens N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) NR1 subunit expression and NMDAR functional differences.

Science.gov (United States)

Grigsby, Kolter B; Kovarik, Cathleen M; Rottinghaus, George E; Booth, Frank W

2018-04-03

The extent to which N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors facilitate the motivation to voluntarily wheel-run in rodents has yet to be determined. In so, we utilized female Wistar rats selectively bred to voluntarily run high (HVR) and low (LVR) nightly distances in order to examine if endogenous differences in nucleus accumbens (NAc) NMDA receptor expression and function underlies the propensity for high or low motivation to voluntarily wheel-run. 12-14 week old HVR and LVR females were used to examine: 1.) NAc mRNA and protein expression of NMDA subunits NR1, NR2A and NR2B; 2.) NMDA current responses in isolated medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and 3.) NMDA-evoked dopamine release in an ex vivo preparation of NAc punches. Expectedly, there was a large divergence in nightly running distance and time between HVR and LVR rats. We saw a significantly higher mRNA and protein expression of NR1 in HVR compared to LVR rats, while seeing no difference in the expression of NR2A or NR2B. There was a greater current response to a 500 ms application of 300 μM of NMDA in medium-spiny neurons isolated from the NAc HVR compared to LVR animals. On average, NMDA-evoked punches (50 μM of NMDA for 10 min) taken from HVR rats retained ∼54% of the dopamine content compared to their bilateral non-evoked sides, while evoked punches from LVR animals showed no statistical decrease in dopamine content compared to their non-evoked sides. Collectively, these data suggest a potential link between NAc NR1 subunit expression as well as NMDA function and the predisposition for nightly voluntary running behavior in rats. In light of the epidemic rise in physical inactivity, these findings have the potential to explain a neuro-molecular mechanism that regulates the motivation to be physically active. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Guía Metodológica de Análisis para la apliación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF`S) para la empresa comercializadora de productos de consumo masivo en el Ecuador, Caso : PYDACO Cía Ltda matriz Quito / Johanna Katherine Paucar González; director Jorge Zapata.

OpenAIRE

Paucar González, Johanna Katherine

2010-01-01

La nueva dinámica de los negocios a nivel mundial, hace que la información financiera y la contabilidad requieran un lenguaje universal en la presentación de estados financieros, independientemente del país en el que se desarrolle la actividad económica de las empresas. Para ello el Comité de Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad (IASC, por sus siglas en inglés), ha venido desarrollando un conjunto de normas, integradas por: El Marco Conceptual, Las Normas Internacionale...

BDE-47 causes developmental retardation with down-regulated expression profiles of ecdysteroid signaling pathway-involved nuclear receptor (NR) genes in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus.

Science.gov (United States)

Hwang, Dae-Sik; Han, Jeonghoon; Won, Eun-Ji; Kim, Duck-Hyun; Jeong, Chang-Bum; Hwang, Un-Ki; Zhou, Bingsheng; Choe, Joonho; Lee, Jae-Seong

2016-08-01

2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) in marine environments. Despite its adverse effects (e.g. developmental retardation) in ecdysozoa, the effects of BDE-47 on transcription of ecdysteroid signaling pathway-involved-nuclear receptor (NR) genes and metamorphosis-related genes have not been examined in copepods. To examine the deleterious effect of BDE-47 on copepod molting and metamorphosis, BDE-47 was exposed to the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus, followed by monitoring developmental retardation and transcriptional alteration of NR genes. The developmental rate was significantly inhibited (P<0.05) in response to BDE-47 and the agricultural insecticide gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane. Conversely, the ecdysteroid agonist ponasterone A (PoA) led to decreased molting and metamorphosis time (P<0.05) from the nauplius stage to the adult stage. In particular, expression profiles of all NR genes were the highest at naupliar stages 5-6 except for SVP, FTZ-F1, and HR96 genes. Nuclear receptor USP, HR96, and FTZ-F1 genes also showed significant sex differences (P<0.05) in gene expression levels over different developmental stages, indicating that these genes may be involved in vitellogenesis. NR gene expression patterns showed significant decreases (P<0.05) in response to BDE-47 exposure, implying that molting and metamorphosis retardation is likely associated with NR gene expression. In summary, BDE-47 leads to molting and metamorphosis retardation and suppresses transcription of NR genes. This information will be helpful in understanding the molting and metamorphosis delay mechanism in response to BDE-47 exposure. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Risk of influenza A(nrH7N9) pandemic in the eastern Mediterranean ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

nrH7N9) infection in humans (1). Countries from the eastern Mediterranean region have high rates of viral hepatitis infection. The World Health. Organization (WHO) estimates that the HBsAg preva- lence in the eastern Mediterranean region ...

Qualitative risk assessment for the 100-NR-2 Operable Unit. Revision 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1995-03-01

This qualitative risk assessment provides information about the 100- NR-2 Groundwater Operable Unit of the Hanford reservation. Topics discussed in this report are: data evaluation; human health risk assessment overview; ecological evaluations; summary of uncertainty; results of both the ecological and human health evaluations; toxicity assessment; risk characterization; and a summary of contaminants of potential concern

APLICABILIDADE DAS NORMAS PENAIS NAS CONDUTAS ILÍCITAS DE CYBERBULLYING COMETIDAS EM REDES SOCIAIS NA INTERNET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Giordano Gonçalves Brito

2016-08-01

Full Text Available O número de adeptos da Internet tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos, principalmente em virtude da utilização das redes sociais. Muitos desses usuários utilizam a rede mundial de computadores para a prática de condutas ilícitas, sendo comumente denominada de “crimes de informática”. Dentre os vários atos ilícitos, tais como: pedofilia, disseminação de vírus de computador, racismo, apologia e incitação aos crimes contra a vida, etc., somente um foi escolhido para ser abordado neste trabalho, o cyberbullying. O cometimento de tal conduta será estudado a fim de verificar a aplicabilidade das normas penais nestes atos.

Carbon monoxide alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress injury through suppressing the expression of Fis1 in NR8383 cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shi, Jia [Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300100 (China); Yu, Jian-bo, E-mail: yujianbo11@126.com [Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300100 (China); Liu, Wei; Wang, Dan; Zhang, Yuan; Gong, Li-rong; Dong, Shu-an [Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300100 (China); Liu, Da-quan [Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin 300100 (China)

2016-11-15

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most devastating complications of sepsis lacking of effective therapy. Mitochondrial dynamics undergoing continuous fusion and fission play a crucial role in mitochondrial structure and function. Fis1, as a small protein located on the outer membrane of mitochondria, has been thought to be an important protein mediated mitochondrial fission. During ARDS, alveolar macrophages suffer from increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, and also accompanied by disrupted mitochondrial dynamics. In addition, as one of the products of heme degradation catalyzed by heme oxygenase, carbon monoxide (CO) possesses powerful protective properties in vivo or in vitro models, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptosis function. However, there is little evidence that CO alleviates oxidative stress damage through altering mitochondrial fission in alveolar macrophages. In the present study, our results showed that CO increased cell vitality, improved mitochondrial SOD activity, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inhibited cell apoptosis in NR8383 exposed to LPS. Meanwhile, CO decreased the expression of Fis1, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and sustained elongation of mitochondria in LPS-incubated NR8383. Overall, our study underscored a critical role of CO in suppressing the expression of Fis1 and alleviating LPS- induced oxidative stress damage in alveolar macrophages. - Highlights: • LPS exposure triggered cell injury in NR8383. • CO alleviated LPS-induced oxidative stress damage in alveolar macrophages. • CO inhibited Fis1 levels and improved mitochondrial function in LPS-induced NR8383.

Signal differential-to-noise ratio (SdNR) in the evaluation of radiography techniques for optimisation of the industrial computed radiography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saddock, Aline; Candeias, Janaina P.; Oliveira, Davi F.; Lopes, Ricardo T.

2007-01-01

The transition from analog to digital operation which the radiography has gone through, has provided new and important challenges in the way the images are acquired and displayed. There is several acquisition system of digital image, such as for example, the computerized system, which uses Image Plates (IP). This system was used in the accomplishment of this work with the aim to study a technique capable of optimizing the acquisition of digital image. A methodology for the evaluation of image quality is through the parameter signal differential-to- noise ratio (SdNR). However, in order to compare different radiographic techniques through this system it is also necessary to calculate the Figure of Merit (FOM) that in this in case, it is given by the square of the SdNR per unit of applied dose. The method proposed in this work is about the use of IP to carry out SdNR experimental measurements and consequently FOM measurements in applications of the x-ray of pieces in aluminum. This proceeding was performed varying some specific parameters of the system, as high voltage, exposition and the use of filters in the X-rays tube exit. As a result, an SdNR was obtained for each technique, allowing in this way, to verify the behavior of the FOM in each one of them. (author)

NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTOS Y APLICACIÓN DE NORMAS DE BIOSEGURIDAD EN EL PERSONAL DE ENFERMERÍA DE EMERGENCIA Y UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS DEL HOSPITAL GOYENECHE. AREQUIPA, 2014

OpenAIRE

ARRATIA CORRALES, MAYRA ALEXANDRA

2016-01-01

CONOCIMIENTO CLASES DE CONOCIMIENTO BIOSEGURIDAD PRINCIPIOS BÁSICOS DE BIOSEGURIDAD MEDIDAS DE PROTECCIÓN CONOCIMIENTOS Y ACTITUDES SOBRE LAS NORMAS DE BIOSEGURIDAD LA BIOSEGURIDAD EN LOS HOSPITALES PÚBLICOS DEL PERÚ BIOSEGURIDAD EN EL SERVICIO DE EMERGENCIA Y LA UNIDAD DE CUIDADOS DEL HOSPITAL GOYENECHE

La regulación agraria en Colombia o el eterno déjà vu hacia la concentración y el despojo: un análisis de las normas jurídicas colombianas sobre el agro (1991-2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rocío del Pilar Peña Huertas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo plantea que el diseño institucional contenido en las normas jurídicas sobre propiedad agraria, en el período 1991-2010 no tiene como fundamento la distribución de la tierra y que, por el contrario, incentiva o permite la concentración de la misma; esto, distanciándose de las tesis que aborda el problema de la tierra como una consecuencia de la indebida aplicación de las normas que regulan el tema rural. Además, en materia de propiedad agraria, la Constitución de 1991, a pesar de su sesgo garantista y de haber cambiado un sinnúmero de estructuras sociales y políticas, en el tema de propiedad de la tierra conservó la estructura decimonónica y liberal clásica de los derechos de propiedad regulados en el Código Civil. Si bien los fenómenos de la concentración y el despojo de la tierra no se pueden explicar únicamente desde la variable de la norma jurídica, esta sí puede arrojar indicios sobre dichas situaciones. Así las cosas, se realizará un análisis desde las normas jurídicas para determinar si, desde su diseño, existen elementos que hayan contribuido a la concentración y al despojo de la tierra en Colombia.

Promoção de normas de qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem em saúde infantil e pediátrica

OpenAIRE

Rainha, Cláudia Bargão D' Arbuez Gomes

2013-01-01

Resumo O presente relatório surge no âmbito do Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica e retrata o meu percurso experienciado nos diferentes contextos de assistência à criança/ jovem e família com vista ao desenvolvimento de conhecimentos, capacidades e competências no que concerne à minha atuação e intervenção como futura Enfermeira Especialista de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica. Desenvolver competências no âmbito do desenvolvimento de normas de qualidade nos Cuidad...

Recipientes para la conservación de acuerdo con las normas de las probetas cúbicas de hormigón

OpenAIRE

Editorial, Equipo

2016-01-01

La calidad del hormigón suele comprobarse, corrientemente, determinando su resistencia a compresión, en probetas cúbicas, de 20 cm de lado, preparadas de acuerdo con las normas DIN 1.048. Sin embargo, ocurre con frecuencia que los resultados obtenidos en estos ensayos son inferiores a los que se esperaba alcanzar. Tal cosa es debida, generalmente, a que el tratamiento posterior y la conservación de las probetas no ha sido correcta. Esto es lo que ocurre en las obras pequeñas, en que no se dis...

Electric space heating scheduling for real-time explicit power control in active distribution networks

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Costanzo, Giuseppe Tommaso; Bernstein, Andrey; Chamorro, Lorenzo Reyes

2015-01-01

This paper presents a systematic approach for abstracting the flexibility of a building space heating system and using it within a composable framework for real-time explicit power control of microgrids and, more in general, active distribution networks. In particular, the proposed approach...... is developed within the context of a previously defined microgrid control framework, called COMMELEC, conceived for the explicit and real-time control of these specific networks. The designed control algorithm is totally independent from the need of a building model and allows exploiting the intrinsic thermal...... inertia for real-time control. The paper first discusses the general approach, then it proves its validity via dedicated simulations performed on specific case study composed by the CIGRE LV microgrid benchmark proposed by the Cigré TF C6.04.02....

Implementación de norma internacional de inventarios en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nohora del Pilar Bohórquez Forero

2015-07-01

Full Text Available La implementación de las normas internacionales de información financiera (NIIF en Colombia sigue la tendencia de globalización y armonización de la información contable que permitirá que los estados financieros sean comparables entre países. Dicha comparabilidad es importante, ya que les permite ahorrar tiempo y dinero a las empresas, en cuanto a conversión de estados financieros se refiere. Dentro de las partidas que van a sufrir un cambio importante se encuentra la partida de inventarios. La valuación, costo y presentación de los inventarios se modifican, lo cual tendrá un efecto en los estados financieros, sus indicadores y la determinación de los impuestos de las compañías colombianas. Bajo la nueva normativa contable, no se puede llevar como un mayor valor de inventario los intereses de financiación de los mismos. Esto tiene repercusiones en el Estado de Resultados de las empresas, que deberán llevar como gasto financiero estos rubros pagados, disminuyendo las utilidades de las mismas. Adicionalmente, los inventarios deberán reflejar su valor de mercado. Cuando los inventarios sean superiores al valor de este, se ajustarán reflejando un gasto en el Estado de Resultados, disminuyendo así las utilidades de los entes económicos, y generando incluso quiebras en los casos donde la partida del inventario sea muy significativa y su valor de mercado sea inferior al valor en libros. Los nuevos estándares de contabilidad no permiten la valuación del inventario utilizando el método “últimas en entrar, primeras en salir” (UEPS. Esto tiene como fin el hecho de que no se puedan manipular las utilidades al registrar mayores valores como costo, disminuyendo así las ganancias. Las empresas cuyos inventarios son perecederos deberán tener una optimización de la rotación de inventario para adaptarse a la NIC 2. Ya que la valuación de los inventarios bajo la NIC 2 tendrá efectos importantes sobre las utilidades de las empresas

Discovery of a Group of Receding, Variable Halo Stars toward Norma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chakrabarti, Sukanya; Sargent, Benjamin; Lipnicky, Andrew [School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623 (United States); Angeloni, Rodolfo [Departamento de Fisica y Astronomia, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Juan Cisternas 1200 N, La Serena (Chile); Freeman, Kenneth [Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics ANU RSAA Mount Stromlo Observatory (Australia); Simon, Joshua D. [The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101 (United States); Konorski, Piotr [Warsaw University Observatory, al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-001 Warszawa (Poland); Gieren, Wolfgang [Universidad de Concepcion, Concepción, Bío Bío Region (Chile); Sesar, Branimir [Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy, Room 332, Könighstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany); Blitz, Leo; Basri, Gibor [Department of Astronomy, Campbell Hall, #501, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Vacca, William [SOFIA-USRA, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop N232-12, Moffet Field, CA 94035-1000 (United States); Marengo, Massimo [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 (United States); Guhathakurta, Puragra [Department of Astronomy, UC Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (United States); Quillen, Alice [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 (United States); Chang, Philip, E-mail: chakrabarti@astro.rit.edu [Dept of Physics, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 (United States)

2017-08-01

We present results from spectroscopic observations of a trio of Cepheid candidates identified from K {sub s} -band light curves toward Norma. The spectra show that these stars are moving with a large and similar radial velocity—the heliocentric velocities are 171 ± 32 km s{sup −1}, 164 ± 37 km s{sup −1}, and 173 ± 20 km s{sup −1}. The average radial velocity is ∼169 km s{sup −1}, which is large and distinct from typical stars in the Galaxy’s stellar disk. Given the radial velocities and associated 1 σ error, we find that the combined probability that these three stars are foreground Milky Way disk stars is ∼7 × 10{sup −4}%, and the probability that these are large-amplitude spotted stars in a binary is ∼10{sup −5}%. These objects at l ∼ 333° and b ∼ −1° are therefore associated with the stellar halo. The identification of these sources as Type I Cepheids is not certain, and thus the distances of these sources are not yet well established. Assuming the 3.6 μ m period–luminosity relation of Type I Cepheids gives a distance of ∼78 kpc for these sources.

Discovery of a Group of Receding, Variable Halo Stars toward Norma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chakrabarti, Sukanya; Sargent, Benjamin; Lipnicky, Andrew; Angeloni, Rodolfo; Freeman, Kenneth; Simon, Joshua D.; Konorski, Piotr; Gieren, Wolfgang; Sesar, Branimir; Blitz, Leo; Basri, Gibor; Vacca, William; Marengo, Massimo; Guhathakurta, Puragra; Quillen, Alice; Chang, Philip

2017-01-01

We present results from spectroscopic observations of a trio of Cepheid candidates identified from K s -band light curves toward Norma. The spectra show that these stars are moving with a large and similar radial velocity—the heliocentric velocities are 171 ± 32 km s −1 , 164 ± 37 km s −1 , and 173 ± 20 km s −1 . The average radial velocity is ∼169 km s −1 , which is large and distinct from typical stars in the Galaxy’s stellar disk. Given the radial velocities and associated 1 σ error, we find that the combined probability that these three stars are foreground Milky Way disk stars is ∼7 × 10 −4 %, and the probability that these are large-amplitude spotted stars in a binary is ∼10 −5 %. These objects at l ∼ 333° and b ∼ −1° are therefore associated with the stellar halo. The identification of these sources as Type I Cepheids is not certain, and thus the distances of these sources are not yet well established. Assuming the 3.6 μ m period–luminosity relation of Type I Cepheids gives a distance of ∼78 kpc for these sources.

Normas percibidas por los estudiantes universitarios acerca de sus pares y el uso de drogas en Bogotá, Colombia Normas percebidas pelos estudantes universitários acerca dos seus pares e o uso de drogas em Bogotá, Colômbia Perceived norms among university students about their peers and drug use in Bogota, Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luz Stella Medina Matallana

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la diferencia entre las normas percibidas sobre uso de drogas en universitarios y sus pares, entre 18 a 24 años, de las áreas de salud y educación. Se trata de un estudio transversal, por encuesta y cuestionario autoaplicado anónimo. Participaron 365 estudiantes. En el último año, la proporción de consumo real de tabaco fue 43,6%, de alcohol 96,2%, de marihuana 8,2%; y 2,2%, de cocaína. La norma percibida de la proporción de consumo de tabaco el último año fue 78,9%, alcohol 88,3%, marihuana 35,4% y 20,9% cocaína. La proporción de consumo real de alcohol entre los estudiantes y la norma percibida por ellos estuvieron muy próximas; para el tabaco, marihuana y cocaína la percepción estuvo sobreestimada. De las drogas de acceso fácil o muy fácil en el campus, se encontró una subestimación para cigarrillo y cocaína, y sobreestimación para marihuana. Se concluye que los universitarios sobrestiman el consumo de tabaco, marihuana y cocaína, parte de sus pares, y tienen una percepción exacta del consumo de alcohol. La sustancia de consumo más sobreestimada de los últimos doce meses fue el tabaco.Com este trabalho objetivou-se estimar a diferença entre as normas percebidas sobre o uso de drogas pelos estudantes universitários e os seus pares, com idades entre 18 e 24 anos, das faculdades de educação e saúde. É um estudo transversal, baseado em censo e questionário autoadministrado, sem identificação do respondente. Participaram 365 estudantes. Quanto aos resultados, vê-se que a proporção do consumo de tabaco no último ano foi 43,6%; álcool 96,2%, maconha 8,2% e 2,2% cocaína. A norma percebida para a proporção do consumo de tabaco no último ano foi de 78,9%, álcool 88,3%, maconha 35,4% e 20,9% para a cocaína. A proporção do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e a norma percebida estiveram muito próximas, para o consumo de tabaco esteve sobreestimada. Para o acesso f

Effect of fibre treatments on tensile properties of ethylene vinyl acetate/natural rubber/mengkuang leaf fibre (EVA/NR/MLF) thermoplastic elastomer composites

Science.gov (United States)

Hashim, Faiezah; Ismail, Hanafi; Rusli, Arjulizan

2017-07-01

Nowadays, a great attention has been dedicated to natural fibers as reinforcement for polymer composites. Natural fibers, compared to glass fibers, exhibit better mechanical properties, such as stiffness, impact strength, flexibility and modulus. However, certain drawbacks, such as the incompatibility between fibers and polymer matrices, the tendency to form aggregates during processing and the poor resistance to moisture, reduce the use of these natural fibers as reinforcements in polymers. Several treatments and modifications are being used to improve the adhesion between fibre and matrix. In this work, the effect of bleaching treatments using hydrogen peroxide in the Mengkuang leaf fibre (MLF) was evaluated on tensile properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)/Natural Rubber (NR)/MLF composites. Treated MLF were mixed with the EVA/NR blend in Haake internal mixer at 120 °C and rotor speed of 50 rpm for 10 minutes. Fibre morphology and the fibre/matrix interface ware further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength was increased by about 8% as compared to the composites with untreated fibers. The increased adhesion between fiber and matrix was also observed by SEM. Thus, EVA/NR/MLF composites reinforced with the treated fibres exhibited better tensile properties than untreated EVA/NR/MLF composites.

Large Scale Solution Assembly of Quantum Dot - Gold Nanorod Architectures with Plasmon Enhanced Fluorescence (Postprint)

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-01

around the AuNR. This is illustrated in Figure 3, which compi!res brightfield,scanningTEM ( STEM ), and 3D tomographic reconstruction of QD,/AuNR. The...distribution unlimited ... Cll u 1𔃺 Q. II) QDn/AuNR 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 >20 ~ 60 c ~ "’ 40 ..Q ·~ u; c 20 k 2 3 >4 QDn/AuNR Figure 2...showing three-dimensional arrangement of the QOs around the AuNR. (e-i) Elemental mapping from STEM image of silica coated QD·AuNR architecture (e)(scale

Efeito de um resíduo do processo de galvanoplastia sobre a vulcanização da borracha natural (NR Effect from the waste from the electroplating process on the natural rubber (NR vulcanization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alex C. S. Santos

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Um resíduo gerado no processo de galvanoplastia (RG, rico em metais, foi incorporado em composições de borracha natural (NR em substituição parcial ou total ao ativador comum do processo de vulcanização, o óxido de zinco (ZnO. As diferentes misturas foram preparadas em um misturador de calandras e, após a reometria, foram vulcanizadas a 150 °C. As propriedades mecânicas de resistência à tração e rasgo foram determinadas, além do teor de gel. Além disso, o efeito do resíduo RG sobre a cinética de vulcanização foi analisado através do modelo de Coran, usando-se as temperaturas de 150, 160 e 170 °C. Os resultados mostraram que RG desenvolve algum efeito catalítico sobre a vulcanização de NR, embora exista uma considerável perda na resistência à tração quando o teor de RG excede o do ZnO nas composições. Quanto ao rasgo, a propriedade é mantida em um patamar satisfatório enquanto teores menores de RG são utilizados.A waste generated in the electroplating process (RG, rich in metals, was incorporated in natural rubber (NR compositions, as a partial or complete replacement of zinc oxide (ZnO, which is a typical activator of the vulcanization process. Different mixtures were prepared in a two-roll mixer, which were vulcanized at 150 ºC after the rheometry measurements. Mechanical properties such as tensile and tear strength were evaluated, as well as the gel content. In addition, the effect of RG waste upon the vulcanization kinetics was analyzed with the Coran model using temperatures at 150, 160 and 170 ºC. The results showed that RG develops some catalytic effect upon NR vulcanization, but there is a poor mechanical performance when RG loading is higher than that of ZnO in the compositions. For the tear strength, the property is maintained at a reasonable level if a small RG loading is utilized.

Eduard Tubina "Kogutud teoste" köidetest I/I (sümfooniad nr. 1 ja 2) ning I/VII (orkestrisüidid) / Timo Virtanen ; (tõlkinud Merike Vaitmaa)

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Virtanen, Timo, 1956-

2013-01-01

Arvustus: Lauri Sirp, Toomas Trass (toim.). Kogutud teosed. I seeria, I köide : Sümfoonia nr. 1 ; Sümfoonia nr. 2 : Legendaarne / Eduard Tubin. Stockholm : Rahvusvaheline Eduard Tubina Ühing ; Gehrmans Musikförlag, 2012

DESEMPEÑO DE LAS ORGANIZACIONES MEXICANAS CERTIFICADAS EN LA NORMA ISO 9001:2000

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VÍCTOR MANUEL NAVA CARBALLIDO

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación describe la situación de la certificación en México en la norma ISO 9001:2000. Luego de una revisión del estado del arte, se valida un modelo que relaciona cuatro variables independientes: Evaluación de la estrategia, Motivación, Proceso de implantación y control estratégico y su impacto en la variable dependiente desempeño de la organización. La investigación fue aplicada en 96 organizaciones mexicanas. Como resultado de lo anterior, se demuestra que el desempeño de una organización sí mejora cuando se implanta un programa ISO 9001:2000, siempre y cuando exista una motivación activa. El desempeño organizacional fue medido como una mejora de la calidad (0,81, una disminución de costo (0,83, un aumento de ventas (0,88 y una mejora en la satisfacción del cliente (0,82. Con base en la evidencia empírica hallada se propone un modelo.

Characterization of vNr-13, the first alphaherpesvirus gene of the bcl-2 family

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aouacheria, Abdel; Banyai, Michelle; Rigal, Dominique; Schmidt, Carl J.; Gillet, Germain

2003-01-01

The Bcl-2 family, including antiapoptotic and proapoptotic members, plays key regulating roles in programmed cell death. We report the characterization of a new member of the bcl-2 family, encoded by herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT). The product of this gene shares 80% homology with Nr-13, an apoptosis inhibitor, which is overexpressed in avian cells transformed by the v-src oncogene. This new gene, that we propose to call vnr-13, is the first member of the bcl-2 family to be isolated among α-herpesviruses. Results from cells expressing the HVT-vnr-13 gene product show that the encoded protein inhibits apoptosis and also reduces the rate of cellular proliferation. Contrary to all bcl-2 homologues found in γ-herpesvirus, which are intronless, vnr-13 has the same organization as the cellular nr-13 gene. Hence, the HVT vnr-13 gene may have been acquired from a reverse transcriptase product of an unspliced precursor RNA, or via direct recombination with the host chromosomal DNA

Viagem em norma e estilo: conjugação de “opostos” em Monteiro Lobato

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André Luiz Ming Garcia

2011-06-01

Full Text Available presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar uma multiplicidade de aspectos da obra Emília no país da Gramática, de Monteiro Lobato, que se prestam a estimular reflexões em sala de aula de Língua Portuguesa e Literatura, a serem conduzidas pelo próprio alunado e mediadas pela figura do professor crítico. Entre elas, destacam-se noções do escopo da Lingüística Geral e a presença de criações estilísticas de índole neológica contidas no texto. Na obra supracitada, os personagens do Sítio do Picapau Amarelo empreendem uma viagem ao País da Gramática, durante a qual se deparam com um construto alegórico dos constituintes da Gramática Tradicional, com ênfase às classes de palavras. Apesar das terras visitadas terem como habitantes entes gramaticais apresentados como sendo regidos pela norma e de uso perfilado pela prescritividade de regras, ao longo da narrativa o autor não hesita em criar palavras novas através de processos expressivos que contrariam as regras por ele mesmo apresentadas (“nomado”; “Advérbia”; “estazinha”; “Vossa Serência” etc. Além disso, discutem-se no texto questões como a arbitrariedade do signo lingüístico, a mutabilidade necessária das línguas naturais, preconceito linguístico e variação diatópica, diafásica, distrática e diacrônica, uso versus norma, entre outros aspectos essenciais das teorias lingüísticas emergidas desde o advento do Estruturalismo. Propomos, neste trabalho, que o professor crítico faça valer o potencial de Emília no país da gramática como ponto de partida para suscitar junto aos aprendizes reflexões valiosas acerca de fenômenos lingüísticos e metalinguísticos e, simultaneamente, incentivar a fruição desta obra de interessante valor beletrístico.

Fabrication of TiO2 nanorod assembly grafted rGO (rGO@TiO2-NR) hybridized flake-like photocatalyst

Science.gov (United States)

Lv, Kangle; Fang, Shun; Si, Lingling; Xia, Yang; Ho, Wingkei; Li, Mei

2017-01-01

To efficiently separate the photo-generated electron-hole pairs of TiO2 hybrid, anatase TiO2 nanorod assembly grafted reduced graphene oxides (rGO@TiO2-NR) hybrid was successfully fabricated using potassium titanium oxalate (PTO) and graphene oxides (GO) as starting materials and diethylene glycol (DEG) as reductant. The effect of GO content on the structure and photocatalytic activity of rGO@TiO2-NR composite was systematically studied. Results show that, in the absence of GO, only TiO2 microsphere assembly is obtained from TiO2 nanorods. The presence of GO results in the formation of a flake-like TiO2-nanorod-assembled grafted rGO hybrid. The photocatalytic activity of rGO@TiO2-NR composite increases first and then decreases with increase in the amount of GO from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.%. The hybridized S4 sample prepared with 4 wt.% GO possesses the highest photocatalytic activity with a constant rate of 0.039 min-1 in the photocataytic degradation of Brilliant X-3B dye (X3B); this sample was enhanced more than three times when compared with pure TiO2 sample (0.012 min-1). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the rGO@TiO2-NR hybrid was attributed to the strong interaction between TiO2 nanorods and rGO. The unique hierarchical structure of 1D nanorod assembly TiO2-rGO flakes facilitates the injection and transfer of photo-generated electrons from TiO2 to graphene, thus retarding the recombination of electron-hole pairs and enhancing the photocatalytic activity. The enlarged BET surface areas, not only increasing the number of active sites, but also facilitating the adsorption of the dye, and improved light-harvesting ability also contribute to the enhanced photoreactivity of rGO@TiO2-NR hybrid.

ADEQUAÇÃO DE REQUEIJÃO CREMOSO AOS PADRÕES DE IDENTIDADE E QUALIDADE E ÀS NORMAS DE ROTULAGEM

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Fernanda de Melo Ramos

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O requeijão cremoso é um tipo de queijo fundido cremoso, obtido por fusão de uma massa de coalhada dessorada e lavada obtida por coagulação ácida e/ou enzimática do leite com adição de creme de leite e/ou manteiga e/ou gordura anidra de leite ou butter oil. Este trabalho objetiva avaliar a adequação de requeijões produzidos por micro e pequenas empresas da região do Sul de Minas Gerais, às normas da legislação de alimentos, visando identificar possíveis problemas. Foram realizadas análises de composição-química dos três lotes, e os resultados dos teores de gordura no extrato seco e teores de umidade, comparados com os requisitos estabelecidos no Regulamento Técnico de Identidade e Qualidade de Requeijão. Foi avaliada também a adequação dos rótulos dos produtos em relação ao disposto na legislação brasileira vigente sobre rotulagem de alimentos. Foi verificado que todos os requeijões cremosos analisados apresentaram irregularidades em relação ao Regulamento Técnico de Identidade e Qualidade de requeijão e normas referentes à rotulagem de alimentos. Desta forma fica evidente a necessidade de ações visando à melhoria da qualidade dos requeijões analisados e a adequação destes à legislação.

Dificultades en la Accesibilidad Web de las Universidades Españolas de acuerdo a la Norma WCAG 2.0

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Chacón-Medina, Antonio

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the study has been to learn of possible limitations in the level of accessibility of 74 Spanish universities’ web sites. The tool, TAW, was used to detect the existing barriers in each web, based on the WCAG 2.0 regulation. After an automatic and manual review of the principles, guidelines and criteria of priority levels A and AA, a percentage analysis showed that none of the universities surpassed these aspects entirely for either of the two web pages analysed, although the university with the best accessibility on both web pages was the University of Granada, followed by the University of Alicante. The study concludes by recommending revisions and adjustments to resolve these problems and to facilitate web accessibility.El propósito del estudio ha sido conocer posibles limitaciones en el nivel de accesibilidad de las páginas principales y de estudiantes, de los sitios web de 74 Universidades españolas, para lo cual se ha utilizado la herramienta TAW, que permite analizar, de acuerdo a la norma WCAG 2.0, la existencia de barreras en ellas. Después de revisar automática y manualmente los Principios, Pautas y Criterios de conformidad de la norma, en sus niveles de prioridad A y AA, un análisis porcentual constata que ni una sola de las universidades los supera en su totalidad en ninguna de las dos páginas analizadas, aunque la mejor situada en accesibilidad es la de Granada en ambas páginas, seguida de la de Alicante. Se concluye recomendando hacer chequeos y ajustes para resolver estos problemas y facilitar la accesibilidad web.

Water Data Analysis 393937093090901 TURKEY CREEK NR SUMNER MO, FULBRIGHT RD NEAR SWAN LAKE NWR-2013-2016

Data.gov (United States)

Department of the Interior — WATER MONITORING STATION ANALYSIS – CALENDAR YEAR 2013 to 2016 SITE NUMBER: 393937093090901 SITE NAME: Turkey Creek nr Sumner MO, Fulbright Rd COOPERATION: Swan Lake...

Rho-kinase signaling controls nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of class IIa Histone Deacetylase (HDAC7) and transcriptional activation of orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Compagnucci, Claudia; Barresi, Sabina [Unit of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome (Italy); Petrini, Stefania [Research Laboratories, Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome (Italy); Bertini, Enrico [Unit of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome (Italy); Zanni, Ginevra, E-mail: ginevra.zanni@opbg.net [Unit of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome (Italy)

2015-04-03

Rho-kinase (ROCK) has been well documented to play a key role in RhoA-induced actin remodeling. ROCK activation results in myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation either by direct action on MLC kinase (MLCK) or by inhibition of MLC phosphatase (MLCP), modulating actin–myosin contraction. We found that inhibition of the ROCK pathway in induced pluripotent stem cells, leads to nuclear export of HDAC7 and transcriptional activation of the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 while in cells with constitutive ROCK hyperactivity due to loss of function of the RhoGTPase activating protein Oligophrenin-1 (OPHN1), the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 is downregulated. Our study identify a new target of ROCK signaling via myosin phosphatase subunit (MYPT1) and Histone Deacetylase (HDAC7) at the nuclear level and provide new insights in the cellular functions of ROCK. - Highlights: • ROCK regulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HDAC7 via phosphorylation of MYPT1. • Nuclear export of HDAC7 and upregulation of NR4A1 occurs with low ROCK activity. • High levels of ROCK activity due to OPHN1 loss of function downregulate NR4A1.

Revisión conceptual de la comunicación persuasiva en las normas jurídicas. Análisis del caso español

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Esther Martínez Pastor

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo tiene como propósito realizar una revisión conceptual del término de la comunicación persuasiva desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar abordada desde la comunicación y el derecho. El objetivo es evidenciar que las normas jurídicas en el ámbito publicitario se valen de términos poco exactos que en ocasiones no se ajustan a la realidad. La metodología que se llevó a cabo fue un análisis exploratorio revisando la literatura relativa a la publicidad desde la comunicación y el derecho e identificando las normas de ámbito europeo y nacionales relativas a la publicidad. Se concluye que existe un legalismo desbocado en el que la ley utiliza indistintamente términos como la publicidad, información, propaganda y fuerza de venta que generan una confusión jurídica en materia publicitaria. Una posible solución sería que las autoridades administrativas junto con la industria trabajasen conjuntamente para clarificar los términos de esta disciplina y generar una seguridad jurídica en esta materia tal y como se está haciendo en la publicidad digital.

The problems with the preparation and evaluation of teleradiographs of the skull in the Norma frontalis with special consideration of the angular teleradiographic unit