Studies on the antihypertensive and antidyslipidemic activities of Viola odorata leaves extract

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Siddiqi Hasan S

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background This study was undertaken to provide pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola odorata Linn. in hypertension and dyslipidemia using the in vivo and in vitro assays. Results Viola odorata leaves extract (Vo.Cr, which tested positive for alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, coumarins and flavonoids, caused a dose-dependent (0.1-1.0 mg/kg decrease in mean arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized rats. In isolated guinea-pig atria, Vo.Cr equally inhibited force and rate of spontaneous atrial contractions. On the baseline of rat thoracic aortae (endothelium-intact and denuded, the plant extract caused phentolamine-sensitive vasoconstriction. When tested on phenylephrine (PE, 1 μM and K+ (80 mM-induced vasoconstriction, Vo.Cr caused a concentration-dependent relaxation and also caused a rightward shift of Ca++ concentration-response curves as well as suppression of PE (1 μM control peaks in Ca++-free medium, similar to that caused by verapamil. In the presence of L-NAME, the relaxation curve of Vo.Cr was partially inhibited showing involvement of Nitric oxide (NO mediated pathway. In Tyloxapol-induced dyslipidemia, Vo.Cr caused reduction in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia model, the plant extract caused a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-C, atherogenic index and prevented the increase in average body weights, while it increased HDL-C. Conclusions These data indicate that the vasodilator effect of the plant extract is mediated through multiple pathways like inhibition of Ca++ influx via membranous Ca++ channels, its release from intracellular stores and NO-mediated pathways, which possibly explain the fall in BP. The plant also showed reduction in body weight and antidyslipidemic effect which may be due to the inhibition of synthesis and absorption of lipids and antioxidant activities. Thus, this study provides a pharmacologic rationale to the medicinal

Does an ant-dispersed plant, Viola reichenbachiana, suffer from reduced seed dispersal under inundation disturbances?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Prinzing, A.; Dauber, J.; Hammer, E.; Hammouti, N.; Bohning-Gaese, K.

2008-01-01

Many plant species use ants as seed dispersers. This dispersal mode is considered to be susceptible to disturbances, but the effect of natural, small-scale disturbances is still unknown. We investigated how small-scale disturbances due to inundation affect seed dispersal in Viola reichenbachiana, a

Antiinflammatory effects of Viola tricolor gel in a model of sunburn in rats and the gel stability study.

Science.gov (United States)

Piana, Mariana; Silva, Mariane Arnoldi; Trevisan, Gabriela; de Brum, Thiele Faccim; Silva, Cássia Regina; Boligon, Aline Augusti; Oliveira, Sara Marchesan; Zadra, Marina; Hoffmeister, Carin; Rossato, Mateus Fortes; Tonello, Raquel; Laporta, Luciane Varini; de Freitas, Robson Borba; Belke, Bianca Vargas; Jesus, Roberta da Silva; Ferreira, Juliano; Athayde, Margareth Linde

2013-11-25

Viola tricolor, popularly known as heartsease has been empirically used in several skin disorders, including burns. The objective of this study was investigate the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect of a gel containing extract of Viola tricolor flowers on thermal burn induced by UVB irradiation and to perform gel stability study. The antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect were evaluated by static and dynamic mechanical allodynia model, paw edema, and neutrophilic cell infiltration. Metabolites compounds were quantified by HPLC. The gel stability study was performed analyzing organoleptical aspects, besides pH, viscosity, and quantification of rutin by HPLC. In the results were evidenced changes in threshold in statical and dynamic mechanical allodynia (I(max)=100 ± 10% and 49 ± 10%, respectively), paw edema (I(max)=61 ± 6%), and myeloperoxidase activity (I(max)=89 ± 5%). Such effects may be attributed, in part, to rutin, salicylic and chlorogenic acids, and others compounds found in this species. No important changes were detected in the stability study, in all aspects analyzed in temperature below 25 °C. These findings suggest that Viola tricolor gel has an antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect in the ultraviolet-B-induced burn, since maintain the temperature below 25 °C. © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

RENDIMENTO CORPORAL E COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DO FILÉ DA VIOLA (Loricariichthys anus

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Aline Conceição Pfaff de Britto

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Loricariichthys anus (Viola is currently the largest fish species of economic value of Mangueira Lagoon and, because of that, the aim of this work was to analyze its body yield and the chemical composition of its fillet. Forty animals caught in Mangueira Lagoon were divided into two groups of 20 animals each. The weight presented a variation of 128 to 190g in group A and of 234 to 293g in group B. Biometric evaluation was performed in Ichthyology Laboratory of UFPEL, where the animals were evaluated regarding length and weight, which were used for body yield calculation. Carcass yield, head yield, visceral yield, skin yield, clean trunk yield and fillet yield were evaluated. Chemical analysis was performed in dried fillet to obtain the values of protein, lipids, ash and moisture, and in natural matter to assess the fatty acid content. The weight of animals affects carcass yield. The viola fillet is lean, with high protein content and higher amount of unsaturated fatty acids compared to saturated.

Time constraints for post-LGM landscape response to deglaciation in Val Viola, Central Italian Alps

Science.gov (United States)

Scotti, Riccardo; Brardinoni, Francesco; Crosta, Giovanni Battista; Cola, Giuseppe; Mair, Volkmar

2017-12-01

Across the northern European Alps, a long tradition of Quaternary studies has constrained post-LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) landscape history. The same picture remains largely unknown for the southern portion of the orogen. In this work, starting from existing 10Be exposure dating of three boulders in Val Viola, Central Italian Alps, we present the first detailed, post-LGM reconstruction of landscape (i.e., glacial, periglacial and paraglacial) response south of the Alpine divide. We pursue this task through Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating (SHD) at 34 sites including moraines, rock glaciers, protalus ramparts, rock avalanche deposits and talus cones. In addition, based on the mapping of preserved moraines and on the numerical SHD ages, we reconstruct the glacier extent of four different stadials, including Egesen I (13.1 ± 1.1 ka), Egesen II (12.3 ± 0.6 ka), Kartell (11.0 ± 1.4 ka) and Kromer (9.7 ± 1.4 ka), whose chronologies agree with available counterparts from north of the Alpine divide. Results show that Equilibrium Line Altitude depressions (ΔELAs) associated to Younger Dryas and Early Holocene stadials are smaller than documented at most available sites in the northern Alps. These findings not only support the hypothesis of a dominant north westerly atmospheric circulation during the Younger Dryas, but also suggest that this pattern could have lasted until the Early Holocene. SHD ages on rock glaciers and protalus ramparts indicate that favourable conditions to periglacial landform development occurred during the Younger Dryas (12.7 ± 1.1 ka), on the valley slopes above the glacier, as well as in newly de-glaciated areas, during the Early Holocene (10.7 ± 1.3 and 8.8 ± 1.8 ka). The currently active rock glacier started to develop before 3.7 ± 0.8 ka and can be associated to the Löbben oscillation. Four of the five rock avalanches dated in Val Viola cluster within the Early Holocene, in correspondence of an atmospheric warming phase. By contrast

Facts, theories and ideologies: Viola Klein and Sociology of Scientific Knowledge

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Eulalia Pérez Sedeño

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Several studies on history, philosophy and sociology of science have demonstrated that science is not autonomous and value-neutral and its selfless search of truth is an ideal theoretical myth far from the real practice of science, which is an aggregate of social practices. Viola Klein was a pioneer in studying science using the same instruments and categories utilized in any other social practice. The aim of this work is to highlight her contributions to Sociology of Scientific Knowledge at a moment when this discipline was, at the most, incipient.

Analysis on antioxidant activity by orac method in Viola tricolor l. flowers processed by ionizing radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koike, Amanda Cristina Ramos; Silva, Pamela Galo da; Villavicencio, Anna Lucia Casanas Haasis; Rodrigues, Flávio Thihara; Alencar, Severino Matias de

2017-01-01

Edible flowers are increasingly being used in gastronomy, being also recognized for their potential valuable effects beneficial to human health. Viola tricolor L. (johnny-jump-up) flowers represents one of the most popular and are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their antioxidant properties. To improve the conservation and safety of flowers the new approaches can be used as ionizing radiation. Radiation treatment contribute to the improve the safety, quality and extends the shelf life of foods by disinfestation insects and reducing or eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of electron beam and gamma irradiation in the doses of 0.5, 0.8, 1.0 kGy and control (non-irradiated) on the antioxidant activity of Viola tricolor L.by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay (ORAC). Therefore, the ionizing radiation did not affect the antioxidant activity of the flowers. (author)

Analysis on antioxidant activity by orac method in Viola tricolor l. flowers processed by ionizing radiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koike, Amanda Cristina Ramos; Silva, Pamela Galo da; Villavicencio, Anna Lucia Casanas Haasis, E-mail: amandaramos@usp.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), São Paulo, SP (Brazil); Rodrigues, Flávio Thihara, E-mail: flaviot@ymail.com [Instituto Federal de Góias (IFG), Inhumas, GO (Brazil); Alencar, Severino Matias de, E-mail: smalencar@usp.br [Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil)

2017-07-01

Edible flowers are increasingly being used in gastronomy, being also recognized for their potential valuable effects beneficial to human health. Viola tricolor L. (johnny-jump-up) flowers represents one of the most popular and are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their antioxidant properties. To improve the conservation and safety of flowers the new approaches can be used as ionizing radiation. Radiation treatment contribute to the improve the safety, quality and extends the shelf life of foods by disinfestation insects and reducing or eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of electron beam and gamma irradiation in the doses of 0.5, 0.8, 1.0 kGy and control (non-irradiated) on the antioxidant activity of Viola tricolor L.by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay (ORAC). Therefore, the ionizing radiation did not affect the antioxidant activity of the flowers. (author)

Isolation of plant nuclei suitable for flow cytometry from species with extremely mucilaginous compounds: an example in the genus Viola L. (Violaceae

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Fernández Prieto, José Antonio

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Flow cytometry analysis has been widely applied in the determination of nuclear DNA content and ploidy level in many organisms. Despite being the most appropriate method for DNA content measurement, flow cytometry also presents some limitations. A fairly common, but little-studied problem is the effect on measurements of the presence of secondary metabolites. A good example is the genus Viola, which is composed of 525-600 species distributed worldwide. These species have proved to be problematic for flow cytometric analyses due to the release of extremely mucilaginous compounds into the nuclear suspension. In this work, the genome size of 13 species of Viola using flow cytometry are presented for the first time. Despite obtaining histograms with high coefficients of variation, we here present an optimized protocol to remove cytoplasmic compounds, particularly mucilaginous ones, from plant nuclei that pave the way for its application to estimate the genome size of other species exhibiting similar problems. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between sections Viola and Melanium, and within each section (P El análisis mediante citometría de flujo ha sido aplicado de modo general para determinar el contenido de ADN nuclear y el nivel de ploidía en muchos organismos. A pesar de ser el método más adecuado para medir la cantidad de ADN, esta técnica también presenta algunas limitaciones. Un problema bastante común, aunque poco estudiado, es el efecto de los metabolitos secundarios en los resultados obtenidos. Un ejemplo respecto a la presencia de estos compuestos se encuentra en el género Viola, compuesto por 525-600 especies distribuidas por todo el mundo. Las especies de este género ya han sido previamente descritas como problemáticas en los análisis de citometría de flujo debido a la presencia de compuestos extremadamente mucilaginosos en las suspensiones de núcleos. En el presente trabajo se analiza por primera vez

From Gene Trees to a Dated Allopolyploid Network: Insights from the Angiosperm Genus Viola (Violaceae)

Science.gov (United States)

Marcussen, Thomas; Heier, Lise; Brysting, Anne K.; Oxelman, Bengt; Jakobsen, Kjetill S.

2015-01-01

Allopolyploidization accounts for a significant fraction of speciation events in many eukaryotic lineages. However, existing phylogenetic and dating methods require tree-like topologies and are unable to handle the network-like phylogenetic relationships of lineages containing allopolyploids. No explicit framework has so far been established for evaluating competing network topologies, and few attempts have been made to date phylogenetic networks. We used a four-step approach to generate a dated polyploid species network for the cosmopolitan angiosperm genus Viola L. (Violaceae Batch.). The genus contains ca 600 species and both recent (neo-) and more ancient (meso-) polyploid lineages distributed over 16 sections. First, we obtained DNA sequences of three low-copy nuclear genes and one chloroplast region, from 42 species representing all 16 sections. Second, we obtained fossil-calibrated chronograms for each nuclear gene marker. Third, we determined the most parsimonious multilabeled genome tree and its corresponding network, resolved at the section (not the species) level. Reconstructing the “correct” network for a set of polyploids depends on recovering all homoeologs, i.e., all subgenomes, in these polyploids. Assuming the presence of Viola subgenome lineages that were not detected by the nuclear gene phylogenies (“ghost subgenome lineages”) significantly reduced the number of inferred polyploidization events. We identified the most parsimonious network topology from a set of five competing scenarios differing in the interpretation of homoeolog extinctions and lineage sorting, based on (i) fewest possible ghost subgenome lineages, (ii) fewest possible polyploidization events, and (iii) least possible deviation from expected ploidy as inferred from available chromosome counts of the involved polyploid taxa. Finally, we estimated the homoploid and polyploid speciation times of the most parsimonious network. Homoploid speciation times were estimated by

A viola con anima: uma construção simbólica

OpenAIRE

Gisela Gomes Pupo Nogueira

2008-01-01

As pesquisas históricas sobre as violas brasileiras foram delimitadas pelas referências textuais e iconográficas ao instrumento musical e à sua utilização na produção musical, particularmente da segunda metade do século XVIII ao início do XIX, com pequena citação de César das Neves em s eu Cancioneiro de Músicas Populares, cujo primeiro volume é datado de 1893. Usualmente confundida com alaúdes, cistros e violões, a literatura histórica deixa lacunas sobre a descrição do instrumento. Fato é q...

Influences of Dynamic Level and Pitch Register on the Vibrato Rates and Widths of Violin and Viola Players

Science.gov (United States)

MacLeod, Rebecca B.

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate possible influences of pitch register and dynamic level on vibrato rates and widths of university and high school violin and viola players. Analysis showed that pitch register significantly affected the vibrato rates and widths of the performers. Musicians vibrated 0.32 Hz faster and approximately 26…

Sistema Socioeducativo Potiguar: um debate sobre violações de direitos de crianças e adolescentes em âmbito internacional

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Ilana Lemos Paiva

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA, embasado especialmente no processo da Convenção Internacional das Nações Unidas sobre os Direitos da Criança (1989, representou um significativo avanço em relação à proteção dos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes, e originou mudanças paradigmáticas ao responsabilizar adolescentes em conflito com a lei por meio de medidas socioeducativas. Apesar dos avanços observados, a realidade dos adolescentes que cumprem medidas socioeducativas continua marcada por quadro de violação de direitos. Desse modo, pretende-se analisar as graves e recorrentes violações de direitos humanos a adolescentes em conflito com a lei verificadas no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, como territorialidade específica. Compreende-se que, apesar das limitações, acionar o sistema americano de direitos humanos revela-se uma importante ferramenta. Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, Sistema Socioeducativo, sistema americano de direitos humanos

Micromorphology and ultrastructure of the floral nectaries of Viola odorata L. (Violaceae

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Natalia Wiśniewska

2015-05-01

Full Text Available In Viola odorata two inferior anthers have connective appendages (nectaries projecting into the corolla spur. Nectaries are approx. 4 mm long, elongate, with the top of the nectary bending to the lateral wall of the spur. In the top part and in the abaxial surface of middle part of the nectary all cells have papillae. Nectar is secreted through the modified stomata distributed mainly in the top of nectary The nectary consists of single-layered epidermis, nectary parenchyma and subnectary parenchyma. Features of the nectary parenchyma cells, like dense cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondria and large nuclei, are connected with high metabolic cell activity. The vascularization includes both phloem and xylem. A slight amount of starch in the nectary cells, the profusion of plasmodesmata connecting secretory cells and the presence of vascular bundles suggest that sugars secreted in the nectar were delivered by the phloem sap.

Successful micropropagation of the cadmium hyperaccumulator Viola baoshanensis (Violaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jin-Tian; Deng, Dong-Mei; Peng, Guang-Tian; Deng, Jin-Chuan; Zhang, Jun; Liao, Bin

2010-01-01

Viola baoshanensis is one of the most rare cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulators, however, it is hard to propagate. Micropropagation has been applied to solve the problems with propagation of a few heavy metal hyperaccumulators. Therefore there is a high likelihood that micropropagation may offer a suitable method for large-scale propagation of V. baoshanensis To test this hypothesis, three types of explants were used for shoot regeneration and various combinations of four plant growth regulators were used to improve shoot regeneration efficiency from leaflet of V. baoshanensis. Best shoot regeneration efficiency was obtained by incubating leaflet in a 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2.5 oM BA + 2.5 microM IBA, therein shoot regeneration rate was 70.9% and the number of shoots formation per explant was 22.4. Rooting was achieved from almost all regenerated shoot growing on 1/2 MS medium without plant growth regulator. Micropropagated seedlings were acclimatized under greenhouse conditions and 95% of them survived and showed no visible morphological variation compared to their donor plant. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between regenerated and seed-germinated V. baoshanensis in Cd tolerance and accumulation. These results suggested that an efficient and rapid micropropogation system was successfully developed for V. baoshanensis.

Fixed Oil Composition and Biological Screening of Viola betonicifolia in Different Solvents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muhammad, N.; Khan, H.; Khan, A.; Farooq, U.; Saeed, M.; Ullah, S.; Khan, S. S.; Shareef, H.; Khan, Z.; Zahoor, M.

2016-01-01

The aim of the paper to report a chemical study on fixed oils isolated from the n-hexane and chloroform/ ethyl acetate fractions of the whole plant Viola betonicifolia by column chromatography. The chemical compositions of the crude fixed oils were determined by using GC and GC-MS analysis. The subfractions of oils (NM 1-6) were screened for their possible antibacterial, antifungal, phytotoxic, insecticidal, leishmanicidal and brine shrimp cytotoxicity. In antifungal assay, NM-4 and NM-6 fractions showed 30 and 40 percent inhibition against Microsporum canis, while NM-6 exhibited 30 percent activity against Candida albicans. A dose-dependent phytotoxic activity was recorded for fractions NM-1, NM-3 and NM-6. Some subfractions showed low to moderate insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum, Rhyzopertha dominica and Callosobruchus analis. NM-5 and NM-6 fractions were cytotoxic, with LD50 values of 175.341 and 160.734 micro g/ml, respectively. (author)

An application of viola jones method for face recognition for absence process efficiency

Science.gov (United States)

Rizki Damanik, Rudolfo; Sitanggang, Delima; Pasaribu, Hendra; Siagian, Hendrik; Gulo, Frisman

2018-04-01

Absence was a list of documents that the company used to record the attendance time of each employee. The most common problem in a fingerprint machine is the identification of a slow sensor or a sensor not recognizing a finger. The employees late to work because they get difficulties at fingerprint system, they need about 3 – 5 minutes to absence when the condition of finger is wet or not fit. To overcome this problem, this research tried to utilize facial recognition for attendance process. The method used for facial recognition was Viola Jones. Through the processing phase of the RGB face image was converted into a histogram equalization face image for the next stage of recognition. The result of this research was the absence process could be done less than 1 second with a maximum slope of ± 700 and a distance of 20-200 cm. After implement facial recognition the process of absence is more efficient, just take less 1 minute to absence.

An efficient and cost effective FPGA based implementation of the Viola-Jones face detection algorithm

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Peter Irgens

2017-04-01

Full Text Available We present an field programmable gate arrays (FPGA based implementation of the popular Viola-Jones face detection algorithm, which is an essential building block in many applications such as video surveillance and tracking. Our implementation is a complete system level hardware design described in a hardware description language and validated on the affordable DE2-115 evaluation board. Our primary objective is to study the achievable performance with a low-end FPGA chip based implementation. In addition, we release to the public domain the entire project. We hope that this will enable other researchers to easily replicate and compare their results to ours and that it will encourage and facilitate further research and educational ideas in the areas of image processing, computer vision, and advanced digital design and FPGA prototyping.

Antioxidant properties of extracts from selected plant materials (Caesalpinia spinosa, Perilla frutescens, Artemisia annua and Viola wittrockiana) in vitro and in model food systems

OpenAIRE

Skowyra, Monika

2014-01-01

Phenolic compounds, ubiquitous in plants, are of considerable interest and are increasingly becoming a subject of intensive research due to their bioactive properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts from selected plant materials, namely Caesalpinia spinosa, Perilla frutescens, Artemisia annua and Viola wittrockiana Gams. Plant material extracts we...

Protective Effects of the Ethanol Extract of Viola tianshanica Maxim against Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharides in Mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xue; Yang, Qiao-Li; Shi, Yu-Zhu; Hou, Bi-Yu; Yang, Sheng-Qian; Huang, Hua; Zhang, Li; Du, Guan-Hua

2017-09-28

Viola tianshanica Maxim, belonging to the Violaceae plant family, is traditionally used in Uighur medicine for treating pneumonia, headache, and fever. There is, however, a lack of basic understanding of its pharmacological activities. This study was designed to observe the effects of the ethanol extract (TSM) from Viola tianshanica Maxim on the inflammation response in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by LPS and the possible underlying mechanisms. We found that TSM (200 and 500 mg/kg) significantly decreased inflammatory cytokine production and the number of inflammatory cells, including macrophages and neutrophils, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. TSM also markedly inhibited the lung wet-to-dry ratio and alleviated pathological changes in lung tissues. In vitro, after TSM (12.5-100 μg/ml) treatment to RAW 264.7 cells for 1 h, LPS (1 μg/ml) was added and the cells were further incubated for 24 h. TSM dose-dependently inhibited the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and remarkably decreased the protein and mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. TSM also suppressed protein expression of p-IκBa and p-ERK1/2 and blocked nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. The results indicate that TSM exerts anti-inflammatory effects related with inhibition on NF-κB and MAPK (p-ERK1/2) signaling pathways. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that TSM might be a potential agent for the treatment of ALI.

The player and the bowed string: coordination of bowing parameters in violin and viola performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Schoonderwaldt, E

2009-11-01

An experiment was conducted with four violin and viola players, measuring their bowing performance using an optical motion capture system and sensors on the bow. The measurements allowed for a detailed analysis of the use and coordination of the main bowing parameters bow velocity, bow force, and bow-bridge distance. An analysis of bowing strategies in detache playing of notes of three durations (0.2, 2, and 4 s) at three dynamic levels (pp, mf, and f) on all four strings is presented, focusing on the "steady" part of the notes. The results revealed clear trends in the coordinated variations of the bowing parameters depending on the constraints of the task, reflecting a common behavior as well as individual strategies. Furthermore, there were clear indications that the players adapted the bowing parameters to the physical properties of the string and the instrument, respecting the limits of the playable control parameter space.

The Analysis of the Possibility of Using Viola-Jones Algorithm to Recognise Hand Gestures in Human-Machine Interaction

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Golański Piotr

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The article concerns the issue of applying computer-aided systems of the maintenance of technical objects in difficult conditions. Difficult conditions shall be understood as these in which the maintenance takes place in a specific location making it hard or even preventing from using a computer. In these cases computers integrated with workwear should be used, the so-called wearable computers, with which the communication is possible by using hand gestures. The results of the analysis of the usefulness of one of methods of image recognition based on Viola-Jones algorithm were described. This algorithm enables to obtain the model of recognised image which might be used as a pattern in the application programme detecting a certain image.

Physiological effects induced by the hydroalcoholic extract of Violae tricoloris herba (wild pansy aerial parts on Triticum aestivum L

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Ruxandra Cretu

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Wild pansy (Viola tricolor hydroalcoholic extract was prepared by extraction of powdered dried – flowering aerial parts with ethanol 70% v/v (1:10, by reflux for two hours. This was diluted with distilled water to give the final concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 5% (v/v (VTEx1, VTEx2 and VTEx3. These extracts were tested for their effects on seed germination and seedlings growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum in a laboratory experiment. Distilled water was used as a control (C. After the 10 days of experiment, we evaluated seed germination of wheat and seedlings growth (roots and shoots lengths, their fresh and dry biomass.

Antimicrobial potential and phyto chemical analysis of different solvent extracted samples of viola pilosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bakht, J.; Panni, M. K.; Shafi, M.

2017-01-01

Investigation of susceptibility of medicinal plants for bacterial pathogens is significant for suitable choice of treatment. Different solvent extracted samples of Viola pilosa shoots were investigated for their antibacterial and phytochemical activities using 0.5, 1 and 2 mg disc-1 concentrations. The antibacterial bioassay was assayed by disc diffusion method against six microbes. The studies revealed that ethyl acetate extracted fractions resulted in maximum growth inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at 2000 mu g disc-1 concentration. Similarly, Xanthomonas campestris and Klebsiella pneumonia were found more susceptible to n-butanol extract. Maximum reduction in the activity of B. subtilis and E. coli was recorded by n-hexane fractions at two mg per disc. The most susceptible microbe was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results further revealed that all the tested microbes were found completely resistant to water extracted fractions at all the tested concentrations measuring 0% ZI. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of various bioactive compounds including flavonoids, glycosides, proteins, fats, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins. (author)

POLÍTICA PÚBLICA CARCERÁRIA:uma institucionalizada violação de direitos fundamentais impulsionada pela criminalização das drogas

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Marco Aurélio Souza da Silva

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Consideradas verdadeiras masmorras medievais, as prisões têm servido para depósito de seres humanos que vivem em degradantes condições, violadoras de direitos fundamentais, que vão além da pena imposta pelos delitos cometidos. O problema da caótica situação carcerária brasileira é impulsionado diariamente pelo aprisionamento em massa e pelo controle social decorrente da política pública de repressão às drogas ilícitas. Cotejando o marco teórico da criminologia crítica com os dirietos fundamentais positivados na Constituição Federal de 1988, em seu núcleo dignidade humana, e empregando o método dedutivo, o estudo tem por objetivo evidenciar a institucionalizada violação de direitos fundamentais pela política pública carcerária, por meio de um controle social incidente de modo seletivo sobre os indivíduos pertencentes às classes desfavorecidas ou vulneráveis. A conclusão da pesquisa é a de que não há como negar a omissão do Estado e a conivência das instituições públicas fiscalizadoras na situação que envolve o sistema carcerário, ante a revelação de violação de direitos fundamentais, como tortura, fome, maus-tratos, superlotação, abusos sexuais, morte, entre outros, como forma de controle social das classes vulneráveis.

Anti-malarial activity of 6-(8'Z-pentadecenyl-salicylic acid from Viola websteri in mice

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Park Won-Hwan

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Petroleum ether extracts of Viola websteri Hemsl (Violaceae were reported to have anti-plasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro, with this activity being largely attributable to 6-(8'Z-pentadecenyl-salicylic acid (6-SA. Methods The schizontocidal activity of 6-SA on early Plasmodium berghei infections was evaluated in a four-day test. The possible 'repository' activity of 6-SA was assessed using the method described by Peters. The median lethal dose (LD50 of 6-SA, when given intraperitoneally, was also determined using uninfected ICR mice and the method of Lorke. Results In the present study, 6-SA was found to have anti-malarial activity in vivo, when tested against P. berghei in mice. 6-SA at 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg·day exhibited a significant blood schizontocidal activity in four-day early infections, repository evaluations and established infections with a significant mean survival time comparable to that of the standard drug, chloroquine (5 mg/kg·day. Conclusion 6-SA possesses a moderate anti-malarial activity that could be exploited for malaria therapy.

Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Viola betonicifolia whole plant.

Science.gov (United States)

Muhammad, Naveed; Saeed, Muhammad; Khan, Haroon

2012-05-02

Pyrexia, algesia and inflammation are associated with several pathological conditions. Synthetic drugs available for the treatment of these conditions cause multiple unwanted effects. Several studies are ongoing worldwide to find natural healing agents with better safety profile. The current study was thus aimed at evaluating antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of whole plant of V. betonicifolia (VBME). VBME was employed to assess antipyretic activity in yeast induced hyperthermia. Analgesic profile was ascertained in acetic acid induced writhing, hot plat and tail immersion test. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory activity was tested in carrageenan induced paw edema and histamine induced inflammatory tests. BALB/c mice were used at test doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight intra peritoneally (i.p). In yeast induced pyrexia, VBME demonstrated dose dependently (78.23%) protection at 300 mg/kg, similar to standard drug, paracetamol (90%) at 150 mg/kg i.p. VBME showed a dose dependent analgesia in various pain models i.e. acetic acid, hot plat and tail immersion having 78.90%, 69.96% and 68.58% protection respectively at 300 mg/kg. However, the analgesic action of VBME was completely antagonized by the injection of naloxone like opiate antagonists. Similarly carrageenan and histamine induces inflammation was significantly antagonized by VBME, 66.30% and 60.80% respectively at 300 mg/kg. It is concluded that VBME has marked antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in various animal models and this strongly supports the ethnopharmacological uses of Viola betonicifolia as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory plant.

Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Viola betonicifolia whole plant

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Muhammad Naveed

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Pyrexia, algesia and inflammation are associated with several pathological conditions. Synthetic drugs available for the treatment of these conditions cause multiple unwanted effects. Several studies are ongoing worldwide to find natural healing agents with better safety profile. The current study was thus aimed at evaluating antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of whole plant of V. betonicifolia (VBME. Methods VBME was employed to assess antipyretic activity in yeast induced hyperthermia. Analgesic profile was ascertained in acetic acid induced writhing, hot plat and tail immersion test. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory activity was tested in carrageenan induced paw edema and histamine induced inflammatory tests. BALB/c mice were used at test doses of 100, 200 and 300mg/kg body weight intra peritoneally (i.p. Results In yeast induced pyrexia, VBME demonstrated dose dependently (78.23% protection at 300mg/kg, similar to standard drug, paracetamol (90% at 150mg/kg i.p. VBME showed a dose dependent analgesia in various pain models i.e. acetic acid, hot plat and tail immersion having 78.90%, 69.96% and 68.58% protection respectively at 300mg/kg. However, the analgesic action of VBME was completely antagonized by the injection of naloxone like opiate antagonists. Similarly carrageenan and histamine induces inflammation was significantly antagonized by VBME, 66.30% and 60.80% respectively at 300mg/kg. Conclusions It is concluded that VBME has marked antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in various animal models and this strongly supports the ethnopharmacological uses of Viola betonicifolia as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory plant.

Classification of facial-emotion expression in the application of psychotherapy using Viola-Jones and Edge-Histogram of Oriented Gradient.

Science.gov (United States)

Candra, Henry; Yuwono, Mitchell; Rifai Chai; Nguyen, Hung T; Su, Steven

2016-08-01

Psychotherapy requires appropriate recognition of patient's facial-emotion expression to provide proper treatment in psychotherapy session. To address the needs this paper proposed a facial emotion recognition system using Combination of Viola-Jones detector together with a feature descriptor we term Edge-Histogram of Oriented Gradients (E-HOG). The performance of the proposed method is compared with various feature sources including the face, the eyes, the mouth, as well as both the eyes and the mouth. Seven classes of basic emotions have been successfully identified with 96.4% accuracy using Multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM). The proposed descriptor E-HOG is much leaner to compute compared to traditional HOG as shown by a significant improvement in processing time as high as 1833.33% (p-value = 2.43E-17) with a slight reduction in accuracy of only 1.17% (p-value = 0.0016).

Viola tricolor Induces Apoptosis in Cancer Cells and Exhibits Antiangiogenic Activity on Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane

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Hamid Reza Sadeghnia

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In the present study, the cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of hydroalcoholic extract and ethyl acetate (EtOAc, n-butanol, and water fractions (0–800 μg/mL of Viola tricolor were investigated in Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In addition, antiangiogenic effect of EtOAc fraction was evaluated on chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM. The quality of EtOAc fraction was also characterized using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC fingerprint. Cytotoxicity assay revealed that EtOAc fraction was the most potent among all fractions with maximal effect on MCF-7 and minimal toxicity against normal murine fibroblast L929 cells. Apoptosis induction by EtOAc fraction was confirmed by increased sub-G1 peak of propidium iodide (PI stained cells. This fraction triggered the apoptotic pathway by increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 level. Moreover, treatment with EtOAc fraction significantly decreased the diameter of vessels on CAM, while the number of newly formed blood vessels was not suppressed significantly. Analysis of quality of EtOAc fraction using HPLC fingerprint showed six major peaks with different retention times. The results of the present study suggest that V. tricolor has potential anticancer property by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis.

Compreensão de Discurso Não Literal: O Caso de Violações das Máximas de Quantidade e de Solicitações Indiretas Comprehension of Nonliteral Discourse: The Case of Violations of Maxims of Quantiti and Indirect Request

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Maud Champagne

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Para entendermos um ato de fala não literal devemos ser capazes de diferenciar entre o que o interlocutor fala do que deseja dizer usando informações contextualmente relevantes. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar se existe uma hierarquia de complexidade que perpassa os vários atos de falas não literais, tais como: violações da máxima de relação, violações da máxima de quantidade, solicitações indiretas e afirmativas irônicas. A análise do tempo de leitura de frases alvo (56 literais e 56 não literais de histórias indica a existência de diferenças no processamento de alguns dos atos de falas não literais para compreensão. Mais precisamente, solicitações indiretas parecem ser processadas diferentemente nos três outros tipos de atos de discurso e os sujeitos parecem não perceber violações das máximas de quantidade como atos de fala não literais.To understand a nonliteral speech act, we must be able to differentiate what the speaker says from what he wants to say using the contextually relevant information. The aim of this study is to determine whether there exists a hierarchy of complexity across various nonliteral speech acts such as: violations of the maxim of relation, violations of the maxim of quantity, indirect requests and ironic statements. The analysis of reading time of the target sentences (56 literal and 56 nonliteral of the stories indicates some differences in the processing of some nonliteral speech acts for comprehension. More precisely, indirect requests appear to be processed differently from the three other types of speech acts and subjects appear not to perceive violations of the maxims of quantity as nonliteral speech acts.

Effect of organic media on growth and development of patiola F1 horned violet (Viola cornuta L.

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Dorota Janicka

2013-04-01

Full Text Available The specificity of horticultural production makes it possible to use substrates based on compost from municipal and industrial waste, particularly in the cultivation of ornamental plants. Experiments were conducted in the years 2005–2007. Six horned violet cultivars (Viola cornuta  L. from Patiola F1 group and four substrates were used in them: I – sphagnum peat; II – substrate from peat and compost 1 (1:1 v/v; III – substrate from peat and compost 2 (1:1 v/v; IV – coconut fibre. Compost 1 was prepared using municipal sewage sludge (35%, potato pulp (35% and straw (30%. Compost 2 was prepared using municipal sewage sludge (35%, potato pulp (35% and sawdust (30%. Composts after 10 months of composting were used in the research. The addition of municipal sewage sludge composts did not cause observable adverse changes in plants grown. Composts made from municipal sewage sludge are rich in nutrients. Plants that are grown in substrates with the addition of composts and in a peat substrate grow and develop properly without the necessity of introducing top dressing.

Epigenetic differentiation and relationship to adaptive genetic divergence in discrete populations of the violet Viola cazorlensis.

Science.gov (United States)

Herrera, Carlos M; Bazaga, Pilar

2010-08-01

*In plants, epigenetic variations based on DNA methylation are often heritable and could influence the course of evolution. Before this hypothesis can be assessed, fundamental questions about epigenetic variation remain to be addressed in a real-world context, including its magnitude, structuring within and among natural populations, and autonomy in relation to the genetic context. *Extent and patterns of cytosine methylation, and the relationship to adaptive genetic divergence between populations, were investigated for wild populations of the southern Spanish violet Viola cazorlensis (Violaceae) using the methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technique, a modification of the amplified fragment length polymorphism method (AFLP) based on the differential sensitivity of isoschizomeric restriction enzymes to site-specific cytosine methylation. *The genome of V. cazorlensis plants exhibited extensive levels of methylation, and methylation-based epigenetic variation was structured into distinct between- and within- population components. Epigenetic differentiation of populations was correlated with adaptive genetic divergence revealed by a Bayesian population-genomic analysis of AFLP data. Significant associations existed at the individual genome level between adaptive AFLP loci and the methylation state of methylation-susceptible MSAP loci. *Population-specific, divergent patterns of correlated selection on epigenetic and genetic individual variation could account for the coordinated epigenetic-genetic adaptive population differentiation revealed by this study.

Environ: E00464 [KEGG MEDICUS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available nsaturated acid Viola mandshurica [TAX:316491], Viola japonica [TAX:316487], Viola yedoensis [TAX:316493], Viola verecunda [TAX...:316478], Viola diffusa [TAX:591085], Viola patrinii [TAX:316489] ... Violaceae (violet family) Viola harb (dried) ...

Action of sulfurous acid on pollen. [Hepatica triloba; Helleborus orientalis; Vinca minor; Viola tricolor; Primula officinalis; Lilium candidum; Petunia; Pisum; Helleborus viridus; Galanthus nivealis; Vinca major; Convallaria maialis; Narcissus poeticus; Caltha palustris; Cystisus laburnum; Orchis maculata; Bilbergia; Eranthus; Crocus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sabachnikoff, V

1912-01-23

The following ornamental plants: Hepatica triloba, Helleborus orientalis, Vinca minor, Viola tricolor, Primula officinalis, Lilium candidum, Petunia, Pisum, Helleborus viridus, Galanthus nivealis, Vinca major, Convallaria maialis, Narcissus poeticus, Caltha palustris, Cystisus laburnum, Orchis maculata, Bilbergia, Eranthus, and Crocus were tested for seed production. Exposure to sulfuric acid ranged from three to forty-eight hours. Responses were noted for varying concentrations.

A Hybrid Vehicle Detection Method Based on Viola-Jones and HOG + SVM from UAV Images

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Yongzheng; Yu, Guizhen; Wang, Yunpeng; Wu, Xinkai; Ma, Yalong

2016-01-01

A new hybrid vehicle detection scheme which integrates the Viola-Jones (V-J) and linear SVM classifier with HOG feature (HOG + SVM) methods is proposed for vehicle detection from low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images. As both V-J and HOG + SVM are sensitive to on-road vehicles’ in-plane rotation, the proposed scheme first adopts a roadway orientation adjustment method, which rotates each UAV image to align the roads with the horizontal direction so the original V-J or HOG + SVM method can be directly applied to achieve fast detection and high accuracy. To address the issue of descending detection speed for V-J and HOG + SVM, the proposed scheme further develops an adaptive switching strategy which sophistically integrates V-J and HOG + SVM methods based on their different descending trends of detection speed to improve detection efficiency. A comprehensive evaluation shows that the switching strategy, combined with the road orientation adjustment method, can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the vehicle detection from UAV images. The results also show that the proposed vehicle detection method is competitive compared with other existing vehicle detection methods. Furthermore, since the proposed vehicle detection method can be performed on videos captured from moving UAV platforms without the need of image registration or additional road database, it has great potentials of field applications. Future research will be focusing on expanding the current method for detecting other transportation modes such as buses, trucks, motors, bicycles, and pedestrians. PMID:27548179

A Hybrid Vehicle Detection Method Based on Viola-Jones and HOG + SVM from UAV Images.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Yongzheng; Yu, Guizhen; Wang, Yunpeng; Wu, Xinkai; Ma, Yalong

2016-08-19

A new hybrid vehicle detection scheme which integrates the Viola-Jones (V-J) and linear SVM classifier with HOG feature (HOG + SVM) methods is proposed for vehicle detection from low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images. As both V-J and HOG + SVM are sensitive to on-road vehicles' in-plane rotation, the proposed scheme first adopts a roadway orientation adjustment method, which rotates each UAV image to align the roads with the horizontal direction so the original V-J or HOG + SVM method can be directly applied to achieve fast detection and high accuracy. To address the issue of descending detection speed for V-J and HOG + SVM, the proposed scheme further develops an adaptive switching strategy which sophistically integrates V-J and HOG + SVM methods based on their different descending trends of detection speed to improve detection efficiency. A comprehensive evaluation shows that the switching strategy, combined with the road orientation adjustment method, can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the vehicle detection from UAV images. The results also show that the proposed vehicle detection method is competitive compared with other existing vehicle detection methods. Furthermore, since the proposed vehicle detection method can be performed on videos captured from moving UAV platforms without the need of image registration or additional road database, it has great potentials of field applications. Future research will be focusing on expanding the current method for detecting other transportation modes such as buses, trucks, motors, bicycles, and pedestrians.

Implicaturas e a violação das máximas conversacionais: uma análise do humor em tirinhas

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Luciana Braga Carneiro Leão

2014-02-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1984-8420.2013v14n1p65 O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar como o humor pode ser construído a partir de uma perspectiva pragmática. Mais particularmente, buscaremos analisar como essa construção se dá através de implicaturas e violações das máximas conversacionais, elementos esses da Pragmática Conversacional de Grice (1957; 1975. Para tal, utilizaremos como corpus de análise quatro tirinhas de humor de diferentes autorias. São elas duas tirinhas do Garfield – personagem criada pelo americano Jon Davies, no final da década de 70 e publicada até os dias atuais –, uma de humor meme – de autoria desconhecida por ser um estilo de tirinha que tem como característica o fato de que pode ser produzida por qualquer internauta e divulgada na rede – e uma da Mafalda – personagem criada pelo argentino Quino e publicada originalmente entre os anos de 1964 e 1973.

Rapid in vitro propagation, conservation and analysis of genetic stability of Viola pilosa.

Science.gov (United States)

Soni, Madhvi; Kaur, Rajinder

2014-01-01

A protocol for in vitro propagation was developed for Viola pilosa, a plant of immense medicinal value. To start with in vitro propagation, the sterilized explants (buds) were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of growth regulators. One of the medium compositions MS basal + 0.5 mg/l BA + 0.5 mg/l TDZ + 0.5 mg/l GA3 gave best results for in vitro shoot bud establishment. Although the problem of shoot vitrification occurred on this medium but this was overcome by transferring the vitrified shoots on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and 0.25 mg/l Kn. The same medium was found to be the best medium for further in vitro shoot multiplication. 100 % root induction from in vitro grown shoots was obtained on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IBA. In vitro formed plantlets were hardened and transferred to soil with 83 % survival. Additionally, conservation of in vitro multiplying shoots was also attempted using two different approaches namely slowing down the growth at low temperature and cryopreservation following vitrification. At low temperature retrieval rate was better at 10 °C than at 4 °C after conservation of in vitro multiplying shoots. In cryopreservation-vitrification studies, the vitrified shoot buds gave maximum retrieval of 41.66 % when they were precooled at 4 °C, while only 16.66 % vitrified shoots were retrieved from those precooled at 10 °C. Genetic stability of the in vitro grown plants was analysed by RAPD and ISSR markers which indicated no somaclonal variation among in vitro grown plants demonstrating the feasibility of using the protocol without any adverse genetical effects.

Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction in the Cytoprotective and Immunomodulatory Activities of Viola patrinii in Murine Hippocampal and Microglia Cells

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Bin Li

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A number of diseases that lead to injury of the central nervous system are caused by oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain. In this study, NNMBS275, consisting of the ethanol extract of Viola patrinii, showed potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity in murine hippocampal HT22 cells and BV2 microglia. NNMBS275 increased cellular resistance to oxidative injury caused by glutamate-induced neurotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation in HT22 cells. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of NNMBS275 were demonstrated by the suppression of proinflammatory mediators, including proinflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Furthermore, we found that the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of NNMBS275 were linked to the upregulation of nuclear transcription factor-E2-related factor 2-dependent expression of heme oxygenase-1 in HT22 and BV2 cells. These results suggest that NNMBS275 possesses therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases that are induced by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.

Transcriptome sequencing and differential gene expression analysis in Viola yedoensis Makino (Fam. Violaceae) responsive to cadmium (Cd) pollution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gao, Jian [Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan (China); Luo, Mao [Drug Discovery Research Center of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan (China); Zhu, Ye; He, Ying; Wang, Qin [Department of Pharmacy of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan (China); Zhang, Chun, E-mail: zc83good@126.com [Department of Pharmacy of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan (China)

2015-03-27

Viola yedoensis Makino is an important Chinese traditional medicine plant adapted to cadmium (Cd) pollution regions. Illumina sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of V. yedoensis Makino. We sequenced Cd-treated (VIYCd) and untreated (VIYCK) samples of V. yedoensis, and obtained 100,410,834 and 83,587,676 high quality reads, respectively. After de novo assembly and quantitative assessment, 109,800 unigenes were finally generated with an average length of 661 bp. We then obtained functional annotations by aligning unigenes with public protein databases including NR, NT, SwissProt, KEGG and COG. In addition, 892 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated between the two libraries of untreated (VIYCK) and Cd-treated (VIYCd) plants. Moreover, 15 randomly selected DEGs were further validated with qRT-PCR and the results were highly accordant with the Solexa analysis. This study firstly generated a successful global analysis of the V. yedoensis transcriptome and it will provide for further studies on gene expression, genomics, and functional genomics in Violaceae. - Highlights: • A de novo assembly generated 109,800 unigenes and 5,4479 of them were annotated. • 31,285 could be classified into 26 COG categories. • 263 biosynthesis pathways were predicted and classified into five categories. • 892 DEGs were detected and 15 of them were validated by qRT-PCR.

Transcriptome sequencing and differential gene expression analysis in Viola yedoensis Makino (Fam. Violaceae) responsive to cadmium (Cd) pollution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gao, Jian; Luo, Mao; Zhu, Ye; He, Ying; Wang, Qin; Zhang, Chun

2015-01-01

Viola yedoensis Makino is an important Chinese traditional medicine plant adapted to cadmium (Cd) pollution regions. Illumina sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of V. yedoensis Makino. We sequenced Cd-treated (VIYCd) and untreated (VIYCK) samples of V. yedoensis, and obtained 100,410,834 and 83,587,676 high quality reads, respectively. After de novo assembly and quantitative assessment, 109,800 unigenes were finally generated with an average length of 661 bp. We then obtained functional annotations by aligning unigenes with public protein databases including NR, NT, SwissProt, KEGG and COG. In addition, 892 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated between the two libraries of untreated (VIYCK) and Cd-treated (VIYCd) plants. Moreover, 15 randomly selected DEGs were further validated with qRT-PCR and the results were highly accordant with the Solexa analysis. This study firstly generated a successful global analysis of the V. yedoensis transcriptome and it will provide for further studies on gene expression, genomics, and functional genomics in Violaceae. - Highlights: • A de novo assembly generated 109,800 unigenes and 5,4479 of them were annotated. • 31,285 could be classified into 26 COG categories. • 263 biosynthesis pathways were predicted and classified into five categories. • 892 DEGs were detected and 15 of them were validated by qRT-PCR

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Zn accumulation in the metallophytic plant Viola calaminaria (Gingins. Lej.

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O. Fernández-Fernández

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Los hongos micorrízico arbusculares (HMA incrementan la tolerancia a metales en la mayoría de sus plantas hospederas, sin embargo, se conoce poco de su efecto en plantas metalófitas. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron: 1 determinar la respuesta a la inoculación con dos HMA de Viola calaminaria (Gingins. Lej., una planta endémica de suelos contaminados con metales pesados, y 2 investigar el efecto de la inoculación con HMA en la acumulación de zinc. Se establecieron dos experimentos: El primero duró tres meses y consistió en la inoculación de plantas de V. calaminaria con dos HMA utilizando arena de río como sustrato de crecimiento. El segundo experimento duró dos semanas y consideró el efecto de la inoculación de las plantas procedentes del primer experimento y que se transfirieron a condiciones de hidroponia con diferentes niveles de Zn+2 (50, 200, 300 y 400 mg.litro-1. Los HMA que se estudiaron fueron dos aislados de Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd. Gerd. & Trappe: BEG-132- y BEG-25, los cuales se aislaron, respectivamente, de suelos contaminados o no con metales pesados. El experimento 1 mostró que las raíces de V. calaminaria se colonizaron por ambos aislados micorrízicos; sin embargo las plantas no presentaron beneficios en relación a crecimiento, desarrollo y nutrición. El segundo experimento mostró que la inoculación incrementó el contenido total de Zn por planta y que el aislado BEG 25 fue el que mayor influencia tuvo. La colonización micorrízica en las raíces de V. calaminaria no se afectó por las concentraciones de Zn. Resulta relevante continuar experimentos de este tipo para conocer si los HMA adaptados a altos contenidos de metales pesados confieren ventajas sobre crecimiento y supervivencia en campo en estas y otras plantas metalíferas.

Violacein Treatment Modulates Acute and Chronic Inflammation through the Suppression of Cytokine Production and Induction of Regulatory T Cells.

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Liana Verinaud

Full Text Available Inflammation is a necessary process to control infection. However, exacerbated inflammation, acute or chronic, promotes deleterious effects in the organism. Violacein (viola, a quorum sensing metabolite from the Gram-negative bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum, has been shown to protect mice from malaria and to have beneficial effects on tumors. However, it is not known whether this drug possesses anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we investigated whether viola administration is able to reduce acute and chronic autoimmune inflammation. For that purpose, C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 1 μg of LPS and were treated with viola (3.5mg/kg via i.p. at the same time-point. Three hours later, the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the sera and phenotypical characterization of leukocytes were determined. Mice treated with viola presented a significant reduction in the production of inflammatory cytokines compared with untreated mice. Interestingly, although viola is a compound derived from bacteria, it did not induce inflammation upon administration to naïve mice. To test whether viola would protect mice from an autoimmune inflammation, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE-inflicted mice were given viola i.p. at disease onset, at the 10th day from immunization. Viola-treated mice developed mild EAE disease in contrast with placebo-treated mice. The frequencies of dendritic cells and macrophages were unaltered in EAE mice treated with viola. However, the sole administration of viola augmented the levels of splenic regulatory T cells (CD4+Foxp3+. We also found that adoptive transfer of viola-elicited regulatory T cells significantly reduced EAE. Our study shows, for the first time, that violacein is able to modulate acute and chronic inflammation. Amelioration relied in suppression of cytokine production (in acute inflammation and stimulation of regulatory T cells (in chronic inflammation. New studies must be

Hierarchically structured superhydrophobic flowers with low hysteresis of the wild pansy (Viola tricolor – new design principles for biomimetic materials

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Anna J. Schulte

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Hierarchically structured flower leaves (petals of many plants are superhydrophobic, but water droplets do not roll-off when the surfaces are tilted. On such surfaces water droplets are in the “Cassie impregnating wetting state”, which is also known as the “petal effect”. By analyzing the petal surfaces of different species, we discovered interesting new wetting characteristics of the surface of the flower of the wild pansy (Viola tricolor. This surface is superhydrophobic with a static contact angle of 169° and very low hysteresis, i.e., the petal effect does not exist and water droplets roll-off as from a lotus (Nelumbo nucifera leaf. However, the surface of the wild pansy petal does not possess the wax crystals of the lotus leaf. Its petals exhibit high cone-shaped cells (average size 40 µm with a high aspect ratio (2.1 and a very fine cuticular folding (width 260 nm on top. The applied water droplets are in the Cassie–Baxter wetting state and roll-off at inclination angles below 5°. Fabricated hydrophobic polymer replicas of the wild pansy were prepared in an easy two-step moulding process and possess the same wetting characteristics as the original flowers. In this work we present a technical surface with a new superhydrophobic, low adhesive surface design, which combines the hierarchical structuring of petals with a wetting behavior similar to that of the lotus leaf.

Variation in life-cycle between three rare and endangered floodplain violets in two regions: implications for population viability and conservation

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Eckstein, R. L.; Danihelka, Jiří; Otte, A.

2009-01-01

Roč. 64, č. 1 (2009), s. 69-80 ISSN 0006-3088 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LC06073 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60050516 Keywords : Viola elatior * Viola pumila * Viola stagnina Subject RIV: EF - Botanics Impact factor: 0.617, year: 2009

JPRS Report, Science & Technology, Japan, 27th Aircraft Symposium, Part 3

Science.gov (United States)

1991-02-14

Kaoru Wakairo, et al.] Aircraft-Mounted Optical Data Bus (3): Bus Control Software, Performance Evaluation Test [Mitsumi Mayanägi, Minoru...Article by Hiroyasu Kawahara, Kaoru Wakairo, and Akira Watanabe, National Aerospace Laboratory; Tomoyuli Udagawa, Kengo Takeda, and Noboru Shobayashi...89 pp 518-521 [Article by Tadao Uchida, Mitsumi Mayanagi, Minoru Takizawa, Toshiharu Inagaki, Koki Hozumi, and Kazutoshi Ishikawa , National

Alcoholic liver disease

Science.gov (United States)

... FF, ed. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2018 . Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:59-60. Carithers RL, McClain C. Alcoholic ... Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease . 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 86. Haines EJ, Oyama LC. ...

Gauge Integral

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Coghetto Roland

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Some authors have formalized the integral in the Mizar Mathematical Library (MML. The first article in a series on the Darboux/Riemann integral was written by Noboru Endou and Artur Korniłowicz: [6]. The Lebesgue integral was formalized a little later [13] and recently the integral of Riemann-Stieltjes was introduced in the MML by Keiko Narita, Kazuhisa Nakasho and Yasunari Shidama [12].

Neck muscle function in violinists/violists with and without neck pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Steinmetz, Anke; Claus, Andrew; Hodges, Paul W; Jull, Gwendolen A

2016-04-01

Neck pain is associated with changes in neuromuscular control of cervical muscles. Violin and viola playing requires good function of the flexor muscles to stabilize the instrument. This study investigated the flexor muscle behaviour in violin/viola players with and without neck pain using the craniocervical flexion test (CCFT). In total, 12 violin/viola players with neck pain, 21 violin/viola players without neck pain in the preceding 12 weeks and 21 pain-free non-musicians were included. Activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscles (SCM) was measured with surface electromyography (EMG) during the CCFT. Violin/viola players with neck pain displayed greater normalised SCM EMG amplitudes during CCFT than the pain-free musicians and non-musicians (P neck pain in violinists/violists is associated with altered behaviour of the superficial neck flexor muscles consistent with neck pain, despite the specific use of the deep and superficial neck flexors during violin playing.

Mathematical modeling tendencies in plant pathology

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-12-29

Dec 29, 2009 ... inclusion of new terms into the model as needed. (Madden, 2006). ... the first programs was the EPIDEM written by Wagonner and Horsfall (1969) and it ..... Oyama K (1998). Los parientes silvestres del chile (Capsicum spp.).

12-Bit High Dynamic Range ADC

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Oyama, Bert

1997-01-01

.... The results were discussed during a teleconference held on September 4, 1997 (attendees were: 0. Nichols, B. Oyama, S. Nelson, M. Englekirk, and B. Wong). Summaries of the analysis results are shown in Figures 1-1 and 1-2...

Animated Dreamsi festivali parimad said eile auhinnad / Kaarel Kressa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kressa, Kaarel, 1983-

2010-01-01

12. animafilmide festivali Animated Dreams grand prix' pälvis Kei Oyama film "Käeseep" (Jaapan, 2008). Parima disaini preemia sai Jonas Odelli "Tussilago" (Rootsi, 2010). Parima loo jutustas Olga ja Priit Pärna "Tuukrid vihmas" (Eesti, 2009). Teistest preemiatest

Voice Under Erasure

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Isar, Nicoletta

2010-01-01

violent. Saisie de l’installation de Viola, l’audience se sent tendue dans une insupportable « espace-événement », « espace entre-deux, » qui envisage ce stade archaïque du préverbal. Faire l'expérience de l'installation vidéo de Viola est de réaliser une sorte de « passage par l'expérience. » Viola pose...

Airway inflammation in Japanese COPD patients compared with smoking and nonsmoking controls

OpenAIRE

Ishikawa, Nobuhisa; Hattori, Noboru; Kohno, Nobuoki; Kobayashi, Akihiro; Hayamizu, Tomoyuki; Johnson, Malcolm

2015-01-01

Nobuhisa Ishikawa,1 Noboru Hattori,2 Nobuoki Kohno,2 Akihiro Kobayashi,3 Tomoyuki Hayamizu,4 Malcolm Johnson5 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; 2Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; 3Biomedical Data Science Department, 4Medical Affairs Respiratory Department, GlaxoSmithKline Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan; 5Respiratory Global Franchise, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, UK Purpose: To assess the impor...

Graves violações de direitos humanos e desigualdade no município de São Paulo Graves violaciones de derechos humanos y desigualdad en el município de São Paulo (Sureste de Brasil Gross violation of human rights and inequality in city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caren Ruotti

2009-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil de graves violações de direitos humanos e sua associação com aspectos socioeconômicos e demográficos. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico, de corte transversal, tendo como unidade de análise os 96 distritos censitários do município de São Paulo (SP para o ano de 2000. Foi utilizado o banco de dados sobre graves violações de direitos humanos, do Núcleo de Estudos da Violência da Universidade de São Paulo, que contém informações sobre todos os casos de execuções sumárias, linchamento e violência policial noticiados na imprensa escrita. Dados socioeconômicos e demográficos foram obtidos do Censo 2000 da Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Foi testada a associação entre a variável dependente - graves violações de direitos humanos (composta pelo número de vítimas de violência policial, linchamentos e execuções sumárias - e variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas por meio do teste de correlação de Spearman. RESULTADOS: As correlações entre as violações de direitos e os indicadores socioeconômicos e demográficos foram estatisticamente significantes, exceto em relação à taxa de urbanização e relação de leito hospitalar por 1000 habitantes. As correlações mais fortes foram encontradas entre graves violações de direitos e tamanho população residente (r=0,693, proporção de jovens de 15 a 24 anos na população (r=0,621 e proporção de chefes de família sem instrução ou com até três anos de escolaridade (r=0,590. CONCLUSÕES: Graves violações de direitos humanos atingem mais incisivamente a população que apresenta piores condições de vida. Desse modo, perpetua-se um quadro em que a desigualdade na efetivação dos direitos sociais e econômicos se sobrepõe diretamente à violação dos direitos civis, intensificando um ciclo de violência.OBJETIVO: Analizar el perfil de graves violaciones de derechos humanos y su asociación con aspectos

Leaching of cell wall components caused by acid deposition on fir needles and trees

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shigihara, Ado [Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686 (Japan)], E-mail: r200670202@kanagawa-u.ac.jp; Matsumoto, Kiyoshi [Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686 (Japan); Sakurai, Naoki [Faculty of Integrated Arts and Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521 (Japan); Igawa, Manabu [Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1, Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686 (Japan)

2008-07-15

Virgin fir forests have been declining since the 1960s at Mt. Oyama, which is located at the eastern edge of the Tanzawa Mountains and adjacent to the Kanto plain in Japan. An acid fog frequently occurs in the mountains. We collected throughfall and stemflow under fir trees and rainfall every week during January-December 2004 at Mt. Oyama to clarify the influence of acid fog on the decline of fir (Abies firma) needles. In relation to throughfall and stemflow, D-mannose, D-galactose, and D-glucose are the major neutral sugar components; only D-glucose is a major component of rainfall. The correlation coefficient between the total neutral sugars and uronic acid (as D-galacturonic acid), which is a key component of the cross-linking between pectic polysaccharides, was high except for rainfall. The leached amount of calcium ion, neutral sugars, uronic acid, and boron is related to the nitrate ion concentration in throughfall. Results of a laboratory exposure experiment using artificial fog water simulating the average composition of fog water observed at Mt. Oyama (simulated acid fog: SAF) on the fir seedling needles also shows a large leaching of these components from the cell walls of fir needles. The leaching amount increased concomitantly with decreasing pH of the SAF solution. We also observed that a dimeric rhamnogalacturonan II-borate complex (dRG-II-B) that exists in the cell wall as pectic polysaccharide was converted to monomeric RG-II (mRG-II) by the leaching of calcium ion and boron. Results not only of field observations but also those of laboratory experiments indicate a large effect of acid depositions on fir needles.

Violações de direitos humanos, lei e memória coletiva Human rights violations, law and collective memory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joachim J. Savelsberg

2007-11-01

Full Text Available Respostas institucionais a violações maciças dos direitos humanos e do direito humanitário podem afetar os registros de direitos humanos futuros, pois, entre outras implicações, contribuem para aviventar a memória coletiva referente aos capítulos sombrios da história de uma nação. Este artigo explora, primeiramente, as idéias teóricas concernentes ao impacto que respostas legais podem ter sobre a memória coletiva e o trauma cultural. Em seguida, procede a um exame das formas de mensuração empírica dos efeitos de processos jurídicos sobre a memória coletiva, discriminando sistematicamente os passos seguidos em estudos recentes acerca da memória coletiva de atrocidades, tomando como exemplos as guerras do Vietnã e dos Bálcãs enquanto reportadas pelo New York Times e em livros de história dos Estados Unidos. Alguns dos resultados desses estudos são relatados, indicando os efeitos condicionais e seletivos de processos criminais incidentes sobre a memória coletiva. Por fim, são elaboradas conclusões visando a pesquisas futuras na América Latina e alhures.Institutional responses to gross violations of human rights and humanitarian law may affect future human rights records, partly by contributing to the collective memory of the dark chapters in a nation's history. This article begins with an exploration of various theoretical ideas concerning the impact of legal responses on collective memory and cultural trauma. It examines ways of empirically measuring the effects of law trials on collective memory, systematically analyzing the procedures adopted in recent studies into the collective memory of atrocities. Here it takes as examples the Vietnam and Balkan wars as reported in the New York Times and described in textbooks on the History of the United States. Some of the findings from these studies are explored, indicating the conditional and selective effects of criminal trials on collective memory. Finally, the article

Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Profile of n-Hexane Fraction of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Purpose: To evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of n-hexane extract of the whole plant of Viola betonicifolia Sm, family: Violaceace. Methods: The n-hexane fraction of Viola betonicifolia (VBHF) was tested for its analgesic and antiinflammatory activities (carrageenan-induced and histamine-induced ...

Viola's Passionate Interregnum

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Isar, Nicoletta

2008-01-01

  The term "space-in-between" was first coined by Margaret Morse to supply the necessary vocabulary for the definition of the new phenomena of contemporary video installations as a space in motion and transformation. This paper intends to take up a step further in the same direction into the poet...

Sinfonía IV al Santísimo

OpenAIRE

Stamitz, Charles (1745-1801)

2010-01-01

Tabla de contenido: 1. Violín primero; 2. Violín segundo; 3. Viola; 4. Cuerno primero; 5. Cuerno segundo; 6. Bajo.Folio 1v. Violín primero.Folio 3v. Violín segundo.Folio 5. Viola.Folio 6. Cuerno primero.Folio 7. Cuerno segundo.Folio 8. Bajo.

A two-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Viola odorata, Echium amoenum and Physalis alkekengi mixture in symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) men.

Science.gov (United States)

Beiraghdar, Fatemeh; Einollahi, Behzad; Ghadyani, Alireza; Panahi, Yunes; Hadjiakhoondi, Abbas; Vazirian, Mahdi; Salarytabar, Ali; Darvishi, Behrad

2017-12-01

As an alternative approach, administration of phytotherapeutic agents in management of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), is rapidly growing each day. Different authors have indicated effectiveness of Viola odorata L. (Violaceae), Echium amoenum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (Boraginaceae) and Physalis alkekengi L. (Solanaceae) in treatment of BPH. However, none have reported the beneficial outcomes of the mixture yet. This study evaluates the therapeutical effects of V. odorata, E. amoenum and P. alkekengi mixture on symptomatic BPH patients. Eighty six symptomatic BPH patients with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of more than 13 and prostate volume of more than 30 cm 3 were randomly allocated to receive a two-week course of placebo (control group) or 1 mL of mixed hydro-alcoholic solution of P. alkekengi, E. amoenum and V. odorata extracts (1.5, 1 and 1.5% respectively) (treatment group). IPSS score of incomplete urination (42.3 ± 2.04%), frequency of urination (20.08 ± 1.02%), intermittency (40.78 ± 2.16%), urgency (60.91 ± 3.14%), weak stream (50.58 ± 2.14%), straining (55.67 ± 2.53%) and nocturia (40.14 ± 1.89%) in treatment group were significantly decreased after treatment compare to placebo receiving group. Furthermore, the prostate volume (16.92 ± 0.89%) and extant urine volume (28.12 ± 1.36%) also significantly decreased in treatment group compared to control group. No significant side effects or abnormalities in biochemical tests and urinalysis were observed throughout the study. Based on results, mentioned mixture is safe and effective in improving life quality of patients suffering from BPH.

Sinfonía VI al Santísimo

OpenAIRE

Stamitz, Charles (1745-1801)

2010-01-01

Tabla de contenido: 1. Violín primero; 2. Violín segundo; 3. Viola; 4. Cuerno primero; 5. Cuerno segundo; 6. BajoFolio 1. Bajo a la SinfoníaFolio 3. Violín primeroFolio 5. Violín segundoFolio 7. ViolaFolio 9. Corno primeroFolio 10. Corno segundo

Interferência de populações de Euphorbia heterophylla e Ipomoea ramosissima isoladas ou em misturas sobre a cultura de soja Interference of populations of Euphorbia heterophylla and Ipomoea ramosissima isolated or in mixture in soybean crop

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.A. Rizzardi

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Dentre as principais espécies daninhas que infestam as lavouras de soja do sul do Brasil, destacam-se Euphorbia heterophylla (leiteira e, mais recentemente, Ipomoea ramosissima (corda-de-viola. Objetivou-se avaliar a habilidade competitiva relativa entre espécies daninhas e soja e quantificar a interferência de infestações mistas de leiteira e corda-de-viola quando em convivência com plantas de soja. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, comparando associações de leiteira ou corda-de-viola com soja, utilizando-se cinco proporções de plantas de leiteira e soja ou corda-de-viola e soja (0:8; 2:6; 4:4; 6:2; 8:0. Em um terceiro experimento, mantiveram-se constantes quatro plantas de soja por vaso e utilizaram-se cinco proporções de plantas de leiteira e corda-de-viola (0:8; 2:6; 4:4; 6:2; 8:0, estabelecidas em duas épocas de emergência das plantas daninhas em relação à soja. Verificou-se que a redução na biomassa da soja é mais intensa quando em presença de corda-de-viola do que de leiteira e, principalmente, em situações nas quais a planta daninha se estabelece antes que a cultura. Quando em infestação mista, corda-de-viola é mais competitiva do que leiteira.Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia, and, more recently, Ipomoea ramosissima (morningglory are among the main weeds infesting soybean crop in southern Brazil. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of wild poinsettia and morningglory as single or mixed populations in coexistence with soybean. Two experimentswere conducted to compare associations of wild poinsettia or moningglory with soybean, using five ratios of wild poinsettia plants and soybean or morningglory (0:8, 2:6, 4:4, 6:2 and 8:0. In a third experiment, four soybean plants per pot were kept constant and five ratios of of wild poinsettia and moningglory plants were used (0:8, 2:6, 4:4, 6:2 and 8:0, established in two weed emergence periods related to the soybean. The results indicated that a higher

A Violação da Condição em Kadiwéu Condition C Violation in Kadiwéu

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Filomena SANDALO

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Apesar de o kadiwéu apresentar as mesmas características tipológicas das línguas analisadas por Baker (1995, este trabalho mostra que o parâmetro da polissíntese proposto por Baker, de acordo com o qual as línguas polissintéticas seriam línguas de argumentos pronominais, não se sustenta para esta língua. Este artigo oferece, então, uma análise alternativa à teoria dos argumentos pronominais para o kadiwéu sustentando que sintagmas nominais são argumentos verbais nesta língua polissintética, como em qualquer outra língua melhor conhecida. Nesta perspectiva, uma das característica principais das línguas polissintéticas, a suposta violação da Condição C (e.g. i quer que João i ame Maria, i quebrou a faca do João i, deriva de movimento sintático decorrente da natureza do sistema-v do kadiwéu. Este texto, assim, questiona a existência de um parâmetro da polissíntese e desenvolve um insight de Fukui & Speas (1996 que prevê que a sintaxe de uma dada língua decorre das categorias funcionais presentes no léxico desta língua.Although kadiwéu presents the same typological facts as the languages analyzed by Baker (1995, this work shows that Baker's polysynthesis parameter , according to which polysynthetic languages are pronominal argument languages, cannot be applied to this language. This paper offers, then, an alternative analysis to the pronominal argument theory for kadiwéu by arguing that nominal phrases are the verbal arguments in this polysynthetic language, like in any other better known language. On this view, one of the main properties of the polysynthetic languages, the so-called Condition C violation (e.g. i wants John i to love Mary, i broke John i's knife, follows from syntactic movement due to the nature of the Kadiwéu v-system. That is, this paper questions the existence of a polysynthesis parameter and develops Fukui & Speas (1996 insight that the syntax of a given language follows from the

Improving face image extraction by using deep learning technique

Science.gov (United States)

Xue, Zhiyun; Antani, Sameer; Long, L. R.; Demner-Fushman, Dina; Thoma, George R.

2016-03-01

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) has made a collection of over a 1.2 million research articles containing 3.2 million figure images searchable using the Open-iSM multimodal (text+image) search engine. Many images are visible light photographs, some of which are images containing faces ("face images"). Some of these face images are acquired in unconstrained settings, while others are studio photos. To extract the face regions in the images, we first applied one of the most widely-used face detectors, a pre-trained Viola-Jones detector implemented in Matlab and OpenCV. The Viola-Jones detector was trained for unconstrained face image detection, but the results for the NLM database included many false positives, which resulted in a very low precision. To improve this performance, we applied a deep learning technique, which reduced the number of false positives and as a result, the detection precision was improved significantly. (For example, the classification accuracy for identifying whether the face regions output by this Viola- Jones detector are true positives or not in a test set is about 96%.) By combining these two techniques (Viola-Jones and deep learning) we were able to increase the system precision considerably, while avoiding the need to manually construct a large training set by manual delineation of the face regions.

Approach to the study of flavone di-C-glycosides by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem ion trap mass spectrometry and its application to characterization of flavonoid composition in Viola yedoensis.

Science.gov (United States)

Cao, Jie; Yin, Chengle; Qin, Yan; Cheng, Zhihong; Chen, Daofeng

2014-10-01

The mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of flavone di-C-glycosides has been a difficult task due to pure standards being unavailable commercially and to that the reported relative intensities of some diagnostic ions varied with MS instruments. In this study, five flavone di-C-glycoside standards from Viola yedoensis have been systematically studied by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-MS(n)) in the negative ion mode to analyze their fragmentation patterns. A new MS(2) and MS(3) hierarchical fragmentation for the identification of the sugar nature (hexoses or pentoses) at C-6 and C-8 is presented based on previously established rules of fragmentation. Here, for the first time, we report that the MS(2) and MS(3) structure-diagnostic fragments about the glycosylation types and positions are highly dependent on the configuration of the sugars at C-6 and C-8. The base peak ((0,2) X1 (0,2) X(2)(-) ion) in MS(3) spectra of di-C-glycosides could be used as a diagnostic ion for flavone aglycones. These newly proposed fragmentation behaviors have been successfully applied to the characterization of flavone di-C-glycosides found in V. yedoensis. A total of 35 flavonoid glycosides, including 1 flavone mono-C-hexoside, 2 flavone 6,8-di-C-hexosides, 11 flavone 6,8-di-C-pentosides, 13 flavone 6,8-C-hexosyl-C-pentosides, 5 acetylated flavone C-glycosides and 3 flavonol O-glycosides, were identified or tentatively identified on the base of their UV profiles, MS and MS(n) (n = 5) data, or by comparing with reference substances. Among these, the acetylated flavone C-glycosides were reported from V. yedoensis for the first time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

O direito e suas violações no capitalismo globalizado e seus desdobramentos para democracia e a cidadania (The right and violations in capitalism anda developments globalized its for democracy and citizenship Doi: 10.5212/Emancipacao.v.14i2.0001

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosilene Marques Sobrinho de França

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Resumo: Fazendo uma abordagem da temática como contraface de uma mesma moeda: o direito e a sua negação, o artigo com o tema “O direito e suas violações no capitalismo globalizado” examina como os conteúdos do direito e seus contextos violadores se apresentam junto aos indivíduos na sua relação com o Estado e o com o mercado no capitalismo globalizado. Com base em estudo bibliográfico e documental, faz uma abordagem descritiva e analítica fundamentada nas categorias liberdade, participação, discursividade e dialogicidade presentes no pensamento arendtiano - construídos nos espaços de aparência e comum – e habermasiano - no mundo da vida, na sociedade civil e na esfera pública, como pressupostos necessários à legitimidade democrática. Tomando-se como referência a realidade social de crianças e adolescentes, o texto mostra que, na atual fase do capitalismo, as violações aos direitos formam conteúdos e contextos que perpassam uma relação entre o público e o privado, o local e o global o que remete à necessidade do fortalecimento dos mecanismos comunicativos, participativos e dialógicos com vistas à manutenção de um fluxo de circulação de poder, capaz de coadunar-se com os conteúdos da democracia e da cidadania que fundamenta este modelo de Estado e de sociedade. Palavras-chave: Estado capitalista, Globalização, Direito e Cidadania. Abstract: Taking a thematic approach as counterface of the same coin: the law and its denial, the article with the theme “The law and its violations in globalized capitalism” examines how the contents of law violators and their contexts are presented together with the individuals in their relationship with the state and the market in globalized capitalism. Based on bibliographic and documentary is a *descriptive and

Benchmarks on neutron leakage from iron and beryllium slabs and spheres

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belousov, S.; Ilieva, K.; Popova, I.; Antonov, S.

1998-01-01

Five benchmarks, recommended by the IAEA for nuclear power engineering have been calculated for assessment of Iron and Beryllium neutron data from the recent FENDL version. The FENDL multigroup data processed in IAEA by NJOY code are in VITAMIN-J energy structure in MATXS format. These data have been converted to ANISN format by TRANSX code, ported to PC version and collected to binary library by LIBFENDL code, that we have created especially for this purpose. Neutron transport calculations have been carried out by the codes ANISN, GRTUNCL and DORT. The benchmark for neutron leakage from 25 cm radius Iron sphere with 252 Cf source posses to test FENDL Iron data for LWRs application. Other two benchmarks important for fusion application correspond to the 14 MeV neutron transmission through Iron sphere shell (Simakov S.P. et al., IPPE, Obninsk) and Iron slabs (Y. Oyama, H. Maekawa, FNS/ JAERI). The comparison of measured and calculation results demonstrates discouraged inconsistency when material thickness exceeds 20 cm. Modelling of the angular neutron leakage from 14 MeV source transmitted through Beryllium slabs (H. Maekawa and Y. Oyama at FNS/JAERI) and scalar neutron leakage spectra through sphere shell (Simakov S.P. at al in IPPE, Obninsk) is important for studding the multiplication properties of Beryllium as a fusion blanket material. The measured and calculated results are in relatively good consistency

Segurança privada e direitos civis na cidade de São Paulo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cleber da Silva Lopes

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo O artigo investiga as violações de direitos civis cometidas por seguranças regulares, semirregulares e irregulares que executam policiamento privado na cidade de São Paulo. Esses agentes têm violado direitos e liberdades individuais no exercício de suas atividades profissionais? Quais são as principais violações e onde elas mais ocorrem? Diferentes tipos de agentes cometem distintas violações de direitos civis? Essas violações se assemelham às que ocorrem nas atividades de policiamento público? O trabalho procura responder a essas questões a partir de uma análise exploratória das ocorrências policiais envolvendo seguranças particulares da cidade de São Paulo entre janeiro de 2009 e setembro de 2010. Os dados indicam que os profissionais de segurança privada não raramente violam a integridade física, a liberdade e a honra dos cidadãos, especialmente dos que frequentam espaços de entretenimento, comércio e terminais de transporte público. Enquanto seguranças regulares cometem mais violações nos terminais de transporte coletivo, seguranças semirregulares e irregulares se excedem mais em casas noturnas, bares, restaurantes e estabelecimentos comerciais. Os dados também sugerem que o padrão de abusos presente nas atividades de policiamento privado é distinto daquele encontrado nas atividades de policiamento público. Enquanto policiais parecem usar e abusar com maior frequência dos poderes legais que lhes conferem o direito de usar força letal para a manutenção da ordem pública, profissionais de segurança privada usam e abusam com mais frequência de ferramentas físicas e corporais não letais em nome da manutenção da ordem no interior de espaços policiados por instituições privadas.

Mestres de caixa e viola

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jadir de Morais Pessoa

Full Text Available O texto tem como premissa a consideração de que o maior volume de escritos sobre educação popular deriva de um esforço de inúmeros pesquisadores em análises e reflexões sobre as práticas de sujeitos individuais e coletivos, visando, sobretudo, a conscientização de grupos subalternos quanto às causas das respectivas situações de pobreza e desassistência. Tais escritos, em geral, têm em vista, também, a superação dessa mesma condição, por meio da escolarização de jovens e adultos, de ações no âmbito da cultura popular, da formação política e da mobilização de comunidades. Via de regra, não se tem levado em conta que, de muitas maneiras, sujeitos e grupos constroem formas próprias de coesão social que são essencialmente produção de sentidos e de saberes. Isso se dá de modo expressivo nas danças, nos folguedos e nas manifestações coletivas da religiosidade popular. Um exemplo, proposto neste texto, é o caso das folias de reis, em que os agentes do ritual fazem esta comunicação de sentidos e saberes, inclusive, de casa em casa, ao visitarem anualmente os moradores devotos.

Фиалка песчаная (viola arenaria DC. ) - новый источник макро- и микроэлементов

OpenAIRE

Мартынов, А.; Чупарина, Е.

2008-01-01

Изучен элементный состав надземных органов фиалки песчаной Viola arenaria DC., сем. Violaceae. Обнаружены 20 макрои микроэлементов: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Ba, Pb и установлено их количественное содержание. Преобладают среди них калий, фосфор, магний, кальций, кремний.

Opiniões e vivências de adolescentes acerca dos direitos ao respeito e privacidade e à proteção contra a violência física no âmbito familiar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Lazzaretti de Souza

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a opinião e a vivência de adolescentes acerca dos direitos ao respeito e privacidade, e à proteção contra a violência física no âmbito familiar. Participaram 50 adolescentes de 12 a 18 anos (M=14,46, SD=1,38 da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Foram utilizados o Inventário de Autorrelato sobre a Situação dos Direitos e o Questionário sobre Conhecimento em Direitos. Do total, 32,7% relataram violação do direito ao respeito e privacidade, e 50% à proteção contra violência física. Não houve diferença significativa entre o grupo que sofreu muitas violações de direitos e o que sofreu poucas em relação à opinião sobre estes direitos específicos, entretanto, o grupo que sofreu tais violações apoiou mais a garantia destes direitos. Estes resultados indicam a importância de espaços de participação e discussão acerca das concepções de adolescentes sobre seus direitos.

International trade and waste and fuel managment issue, 2007

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Agnihotri, Newal (ed.)

2007-01-15

The focus of the January-February issue is on international trade and waste and fuel managment. Major articles/reports in this issue include: New plants with high safety and availability, by Bill Poirier, Westinghouse Electric Company; Increased reliability and competitiveness, by Russell E. Stachowski, GE Energy, Nuclear; Fuel for long-term supply of nuclear power, by Kumiaki Moriya, Hitachi, Ltd., Japan; Super high burnup fuel, By Noboru Itagaki and Tamotsu Murata, Nuclear Fuel Industries LTD., Japan; Zero fuel failures by 2010, by Tom Patten, AREVA NP Inc.; Decommissioning opportunities in the UK, by David Brown and William Thorn, US Department of Commerce; Industry's three challenges, by Dale E. Klein, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission; and, A step ahead of the current ABWR's, compiled by Claire Zurek, GE Energy.

Distribuição volumétrica e diâmetro de gotas de pontas de pulverização de energia hidráulica para controle de corda-de-viola Volumetric distribution and droplet size of hydraulic spraying nozzles for the control of scarlet morningglory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.C Ferreira

2011-09-01

Full Text Available As pontas de pulverização são responsáveis pela formação das gotas, e cada ponta apresenta características próprias relacionadas ao espectro de gotas e perfil de deposição, específicas para determinados alvos. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de caracterizar o diâmetro e a uniformidade das gotas e o perfil de distribuição volumétrica das pontas de pulverização AI 110015 e TTI 110015, bem como seu efeito sobre a mortalidade de corda-de-viola, com herbicida pré-emergente, associado ou não a adjuvantes. Avaliou-se o número de plantas emergidas e os pesos secos da parte aérea e radicular das plantas. Os perfis de distribuição volumétrica para a altura de 40 cm foram avaliados em mesa de deposição. A partir dos perfis de distribuição, simulou-se o padrão de deposição ao longo da barra de pulverização. O espectro do diâmetro de gotas foi determinado em analisador de tamanho de partículas por difração de luz laser . O herbicida diuron + hexazinona foi eficiente no controle em préemergência de corda-de-viola, podendo ser utilizado polimetil siloxano organomodificado ou óleo mineral como adjuvantes, associados às pontas de pulverização AI 110015 ou TTI 110015. O uso de adjuvantes proporcionou aumento no diâmetro mediano volumétrico e redução na porcentagem de gotas com diâmetro inferior a 100 µm. O espaçamento sugerido entre os bicos na barra de pulverização foi de 70 cm para o modelo AI 110015 e 80 cm para o modelo TTI 110015.Nozzles are responsible for the formation of drops, with each side presenting its own characteristics related to droplet deposition spectrum and profile specific to certain targets. This study aimed to characterize the diameter and uniformity of the droplets and volumetric distribution profile of nozzles AI 110015 and 110015 TTI, as well as their effect on the mortality of scarlet morningglory, using pre-emergent herbicide, alone or combined with adjuvants. The number of emerging

AS VIOLAÇÕES SOFRIDAS PELO POVO KRENAK E O DANO CAUSADO AO PROJETO DE VIDA

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Rodrigo de Medeiros Silva

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo versa sobre as violações cometidas pelo Regime Militar ao povo Krenak e o possível dano ao projeto de vida. Conceituando esta espécie de dano como violação de direitos humanos, irá discorrer sobre a criação da Guarda Rural Indígena (GRIN, a instalação do presídio indígena em suas terras chamado “Reformatório Krenak” e o deslocamento forçado para outro centro de detenção indígena, denominado fazenda Guarani, no município de Carmésia/MG. Procurará se demonstrar que as ações cometidas a este povo, pelo Estado Brasileiro, devem ser reparadas também por atingir o modo e a expectativa de vida que possuíam a época. Para melhor identificar estes danos causados, o trabalho recorrerá à peça inicial da Ação Civil Pública nº 64483-95.2015.4.01.3800, impetrada pelo Ministério Público Federal, que trata das violações sofridas pelos Krenak e o Relatório da Comissão Nacional da Verdade, Volume II. Também se demostrará que a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos já vem entendendo que este tipo de dano deve ser reparado.

PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OFAN IMAGE ANALYSIS ALGORITHM TO DETECT DAIRY COW PRESENCE AT THE FEED BARRIER

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simona M.C. Porto

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of the Viola-Jones algorithm for continuous detection of the feeding behaviour of dairy cows housed in an open free-stall barn. A methodology was proposed in order to train, test and validate the classifier. A lower number of positive and negative images than those used by Viola and Jones were required during the training. The testing produced the following results: hit rate of about 97.85%, missed rate of about 2.15%, and false positive rate of about 0.67%. The validation was carried out by an accuracy assessment procedure which required the time-consuming work of an operator who labelled the true position of the cows within the barn and their behaviours. The accuracy assessment revealed that among the 715 frames about 90.63% contained only true positives, whereas about 9.37% were affected by underestimation, i.e., contained also one or two false negatives. False positives occurred only in 2.93% of the analyzed frames. Though a moderate mismatch between the testing and the validation performances was registered, the results obtained revealed the adequacy of the Viola-Jones algorithm for detecting the feeding behaviour of dairy cows housed in open free-stall barns. This, in turn, opens up opportunities for an automatic analysis of cow behaviour.

Genotype influences sulfur metabolism in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) under elevated CO2 and NaCl stress.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodríguez-Hernández, María del Carmen; Moreno, Diego A; Carvajal, Micaela; Martínez-Ballesta, María del Carmen

2014-12-01

Climatic change predicts elevated salinity in soils as well as increased carbon dioxide dioxide [CO2] in the atmosphere. The present study aims to determine the effect of combined salinity and elevated [CO2] on sulfur (S) metabolism and S-derived phytochemicals in green and purple broccoli (cv. Naxos and cv. Viola, respectively). Elevated [CO2] involved the amelioration of salt stress, especially in cv. Viola, where a lower biomass reduction by salinity was accompanied by higher sodium (Na(+)) and chloride (Cl(-)) compartmentation in the vacuole. Moreover, salinity and elevated [CO2] affected the mineral and glucosinolate contents and the activity of biosynthetic enzymes of S-derived compounds and the degradative enzyme of glucosinolate metabolism, myrosinase, as well as the related amino acids and the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). In cv. Naxos, elevated [CO2] may trigger the antioxidant response to saline stress by means of increased GSH concentration. Also, in cv. Naxos, indolic glucosinolates were more influenced by the NaCl×CO2 interaction whereas in cv. Viola the aliphatic glucosinolates were significantly increased by these conditions. Salinity and elevated [CO2] enhanced the S cellular partitioning and metabolism affecting the myrosinase-glucosinolate system. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Eripreemia Priit Tenderile

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2000-01-01

Eesti Joonisfilmi film "Viola" võitis VIII Hiroshima rahvusvahelisel animafilmide festivalil žürii eripreemia. Peapreemia sai Kanada "When the Day Breaks" : režissöörid Wendy Tilby ja Amanda Forbis

IMPACT OF TRIBE TRITICEAE VARIETIES ON STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVENESS OF SEGETAL GROUP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. Z. Moskalets

2016-03-01

Full Text Available We studied the influence of varieties of tribe Triticeae (Soft Wheat, Winter Rye and Winter Triticale on the structure and competitiveness of segetal vegetation. It is shown that in the conditions of Polissya, Forest-Steppe Polissya, and Forest-Steppe ecotopes the coenotic composition of plant communities was represented mostly by annual plants and at some extent by hemycryptophytes, cryptophytes, and geophytes. The dominant weed associations of Polissya are: Erodium-Neslia; Chenopodiu-Sonchus; Galium-Setaria; Elytrigia-Convolvulus; Apera-Polygonum and Apera-Convolvulus; Polissia-steppe: Viola-Capsella; Matricaria-Galium; Elytrigia-Galeopsis; Chenopodiu-Sonchus; Thlaspi-Euphorbia; Forest-Steppe: Elytrigia-Viola; Matricaria-Taraxacum; Consolida-Convolvulus; Cirsium-Taraxacum; Galium-Stellaria; Thlaspi-Plantago, Linaria-Conyza. In terms of the Central Forest-Steppe and Eastern Polisya the medium-grown and medium ripe Wheat (Yuvivata 60 and Poliska 90, Rye (Borotba, Triticale (Slavetne, Slavetne Polipshene. and AD 256 is the most competitive towards segetal vegetation than other medium-grown and semi-dwarf varieties of such cultures. The introduction of Triticale and Rye in the structure of sown areas are an effective biological control towards segetal vegetation, particularly perennial weeds. We revealed that increasing doses of fertilizers on crops of the tribe Triticeae stimulates the growth of weeds, but the specific weight per unit area does not always correlate with density concerning cultural species. We registered the dominant competitive weeds associations in winter crops, regardless of grade, but their differentiation by population strategy and specific weight per unit area depends on the type and conditions of the specific ecotypes. We selected some six associations for the Polissya: Erodium-Neslia; Chenopodiu-Sonchus; Galium-Setaria; Elytrigia-Convolvulus; Apera-Polygonum and Apera-Convolvulus; five for Polissya Steppe

Review of The Behavioral Health Specialist in Primary Care: Skills for Integrated Practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Harsh, Jennifer

2016-03-01

Reviews the book, The Behavioral Health Specialist in Primary Care: Skills for Integrated Practice edited by Mary Ann Burg and Oliver Oyama (see record 2015-46891-000). The editors and the chapter authors of this useful book provide insight into the skills and knowledge needed to do integrated behavioral health in primary care. The most beneficial part of the book is the layout of the chapters, and the authors do a great job of articulating the clinical components of care. Behavioral health and medical providers in practice or in training could greatly benefit from reading this book. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

David Oistrahhi festival läheneb lõpule / Toivo Traks

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Traks, Toivo

2006-01-01

Kontsertidest David Oistrahhi festivali raames: saksa viola da gamba mängija Holger Faust-Peters ja klavessinist Iren Lill 19. juulil Pärnu Eliisabeti kirikus, briti laulja Patricia Rozario ja RTE Vanbrugh Quartet 20. juulil Eliisabeti kirikus

Kohalikud omavalitsused ja riiklikud investeeringud / Viola Soiver

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soiver, Viola, 1977-

2004-01-01

2002. a. detsembrist 2003. a. jaanuarini kohaliku demokraatia indikaatori uuringust, milles kohalike omavalitsuste tippjuhid pidid andma hinnangu riikliku investeeringute programmi (RPI) uue määrusega toimunud muudatuste kohta. Tabelid. Diagrammid

Analysis of a Current-Mode Detector for the NOPTREX Experiment

Science.gov (United States)

Olivera Velarde, Daniela; Noptrex Collaboration

2017-09-01

Charge, Parity and Time reversal (CPT) symmetries are an important aspect of the Standard Model. One of the outstanding problems in cosmology is the observed matter/antimatter asymmetry seen in the universe, which requires the violation of time reversal symmetry (T). The primary goal of the Neutron Optics Time Reversal Experiment (NOPTREX) is to search for T-violation in polarized neutron transmission through a polarized nuclear target. Preliminary measurements were taken on indium and tantalum resonances at the NOBORU test beam at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) to test the functionality of a prototype detector for the full experiment. We will discuss the analysis of this data as well as the construction of a secondary experiment to measure the angular correlation κ (J) of liquid 131Xe. This work was supported by the Department of Energy under Contract DE-SC0008107 and Berea College Office of Internships.

New floristic records in the Balkans: 2

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2006-01-01

caespitosa subsp. alpina (34), Plantago maritima subsp. serpentina (38), Thymus callieri subsp. callieri (31); Montenegro - Asperula hercegovina (73); Serbia - Allium paniculatum subsp. villosum (98), Viola obliqua (57); Turkey-in-Europe - Chamaecytisus jankae (37). subsp. (98), (57); Turkey-in-Europe - (37...

Is there an association between temporomandibular disorders and playing a musical instrument? A review of literature

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Atallah, M.M.; Visscher, C.M.; van Selms, M.K.A.; Lobbezoo, F.

2014-01-01

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have a multifactorial etiology. Among others, parafunctions and oral habits have been suggested as important initiating and perpetuating factors. Playing a musical instrument that loads the masticatory system, like wind instruments and the violin or viola, has been

Eesti joonisfilm jälle esimene

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2000-01-01

Ameerika Ühendriikide suurimal animafilmifestivalil Hollywoodis "The World Animation Celebration" sai Pärna joonisfilm "Porgandite öö" esimese preemia 15-30-minutiliste filmide kategoorias. Film on valitud koos Janno Põldma joonisfilmiga "Armastuse võimalikkusest" ja Priit Tenderi filmiga "Viola" augustis Hiroshimas toimuvale festivalile

Physio-chemical evaluation and biological activity of Ajuga ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Physio-chemical evaluation and biological activity of Ajuga bracteosa wall and Viola odoroto Linn. Anwar Ali Shad, M. Zeeshan, Hina Fazal, Hamid Ullah Shah, Shabir Ahmed, Hasem Abeer, E. F. Abd_Allah, Riaz Ullah, Hamid Afridi, Akash tariq, Muhammad Adnan Asma ...

Biometric authentication for a mobile personal device

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tao, Q.; Veldhuis, Raymond N.J.

2006-01-01

Secure access is prerequisite for a mobile personal device (MPD) in a personal network (PN). An authentication method using biometrics, specifically face, is proposed in this paper. A fast face detection and registration method based on a Viola-Jones detector is implemented, and a

Comparative study for salt stress among seed, root stock and direct ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The experiments were carried out to evaluate the comparative study for salt stress among seed, root stock and direct regenerated violet (Viola odorata L.) seedlings. Violet seedlings propagated through tissue culture (direct regeneration) had significantly higher salicylic acid (SA) concentrations from seed and rootstock ...

Boron distribution and the effect of lime on boron uptake by pansy, petunia, and gerbera plants

Science.gov (United States)

Reports of boron (B) deficiency have become more prevalent in pansy (Viola ×wittrockiana), petunia (Petunia ×hybrida), and gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) plug production. When symptoms are observed in production the presence and severity of symptoms have no pattern, symptomatic plants can be located a...

Development and Trial of a Two Year Program of String Instruction. Appendix F, Music. Final Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Illinois Univ., Urbana. School of Music.

This appendix contains music for the violin, viola, and cello, as well as rhythm games. The three parts of the appendix are: I. Tunes for the String Player, II. Our First Exercises, and III. Sight Reading. See TE 499 832 for the final report proper. (DB)

Pupils\\' Drawings of What is Inside Themselves: A Case Study in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Pupils\\' Drawings of What is Inside Themselves: A Case Study in Zimbabwe. Viola Manokore, Michael J Reiss. Abstract. No Abstract Available Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research Vol.15(1) 2003: 29-43. Full Text: EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT.

Learning to Detect Traffic Signs

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møgelmose, Andreas; Trivedi, Mohan M.; Moeslund, Thomas B.

2012-01-01

This study compares the performance of sign detection based on synthetic training data to the performance of detection based on real-world training images. Viola-Jones detectors are created for 4 different traffic signs with both synthetic and real data, and varying numbers of training samples. T...

Problemen bij de Nederlandse bosviooltjes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mennema, J.

1978-01-01

On the advice of the reviser of the Violaceae for the Flora Neerlandica the Floristic Council 1975 decided to consider Viola reichenbachiana and V. riviniana conspecific. However field research in April 1978 proves that living specimen are clearly distinct, especially in the colour of the spur: V.

Chalcone Synthase Gene Lineage Diversification confirms allopolyploid evolutionary relationships of European Rostrate Violets

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hof, van den K.; Berg, van den R.G.; Gravendeel, B.

2008-01-01

Phylogenetic relationships among and within the subsections of the genus Viola are still far from resolved. We present the first organismal phylogeny of predominantly western European species of subsection Rostratae based on the plastid trnS¿trnG intron and intergenic spacer and the nuclear low-copy

Toward automated face detection in thermal and polarimetric thermal imagery

Science.gov (United States)

Gordon, Christopher; Acosta, Mark; Short, Nathan; Hu, Shuowen; Chan, Alex L.

2016-05-01

Visible spectrum face detection algorithms perform pretty reliably under controlled lighting conditions. However, variations in illumination and application of cosmetics can distort the features used by common face detectors, thereby degrade their detection performance. Thermal and polarimetric thermal facial imaging are relatively invariant to illumination and robust to the application of makeup, due to their measurement of emitted radiation instead of reflected light signals. The objective of this work is to evaluate a government off-the-shelf wavelet based naïve-Bayes face detection algorithm and a commercial off-the-shelf Viola-Jones cascade face detection algorithm on face imagery acquired in different spectral bands. New classifiers were trained using the Viola-Jones cascade object detection framework with preprocessed facial imagery. Preprocessing using Difference of Gaussians (DoG) filtering reduces the modality gap between facial signatures across the different spectral bands, thus enabling more correlated histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) features to be extracted from the preprocessed thermal and visible face images. Since the availability of training data is much more limited in the thermal spectrum than in the visible spectrum, it is not feasible to train a robust multi-modal face detector using thermal imagery alone. A large training dataset was constituted with DoG filtered visible and thermal imagery, which was subsequently used to generate a custom trained Viola-Jones detector. A 40% increase in face detection rate was achieved on a testing dataset, as compared to the performance of a pre-trained/baseline face detector. Insights gained in this research are valuable in the development of more robust multi-modal face detectors.

On the irrationality measure for a q-analogue of ζ(2)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zudilin, W V

2002-01-01

A Liouville-type estimate is proved for the irrationality measure of quantities. The proof is based on the application of a q-analogue of the arithmetic method developed by Chudnovsky, Rukhadze, and Hata and of the transformation group for hypergeometric series-the group-structure approach introduced by Rhin and Viola

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 901 - 950 of 1250 ... ... No 2 (2016), Physio-chemical evaluation and biological activity of Ajuga bracteosa wall and Viola odoroto Linn, Abstract PDF. Anwar Ali Shad, M. Zeeshan, Hina Fazal, Hamid Ullah Shah, Shabir Ahmed, Hasem Abeer, E. F. Abd_Allah, Riaz Ullah, Hamid Afridi, Akash tariq, Muhammad Adnan Asma.

Broken symmetries at high temperatures and the problem of baryon excess of the universe

CERN Document Server

Mohapatra, Rabindra N

1979-01-01

We discuss a class of gauge theories, where spontan- eously broken symmetries, instead of being restored, persist as the temperature is increased. Applying these ideas to the specific case of the soft CP- viola tion in grand unified theories, we discuss a mechanism to generate the baryon to entropy ratio of the universe.

Vascular endothelial growth factor impairs the functional ability of dendritic cells through Id pathways

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Laxmanan, Sreenivas; Robertson, Stuart W.; Wang Enfeng; Lau, Julie S.; Briscoe, David M.; Mukhopadhyay, Debabrata

2005-01-01

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic cytokine that plays an important role in tumor growth and progression. Recent evidence suggests an alternate, albeit indirect, role of VEGF on host immune response to tumors. VEGF appears to diminish host immunity by altering the function of major antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) [D.I. Gabrilovich, T. Ishida, S. Nadaf, J.E. Ohm, D.P. Carbone, Antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by improving endogenous dendritic cell function, Clin. Cancer Res. 5 (1999) 2963-2970, D. Gabrilovich, T. Ishida, T. Oyama, S. Ran, V. Kravtsov, S. Nadaf, D.P. Carbone, Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibits the development of dendritic cells and dramatically affects the differentiation of multiple hematopoietic lineages in vivo, Blood 92 (1998) 4150-4166, T. Oyama, S. Ran, T. Ishida, S. Nadaf, L. Kerr, D.P. Carbone, D.I. Gabrilovich, Vascular endothelial growth factor affects dendritic cell maturation through the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activation in hemopoietic progenitor cells, J. Immunol. 160 (1998) 1224-1232.]. DCs are prime initiators of host immunity as they are known to activate both primary as well as secondary immune responses [J. Banchereau, F. Briere, C. Caux, J. Davoust, S. Lebecque, Y.J. Liu, B. Pulendran, K. Palucka, Immunobiology of dendritic cells, Ann. Rev. Immunol. 18 (2000) 767-811.]. However, the exact nature of how VEGF suppresses DC function is not fully clear. In this report, we show that DCs cultured in the presence of VEGF are less potent in stimulating antigen-specific T-cells. Furthermore, by using DCs derived from Id1 -/- mice that are defective in Flt-1 signaling, we demonstrated that the inhibitory function of VEGF on DC function is most likely mediated by Flt-1. Thus, the role of VEGF in downregulating host immunity may highlight a unique role of VEGF in the pathogenesis of cancer

Uma Comissão da Verdade no Brasil? Desafios e perspectivas para integrar direitos humanos e democracia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raphael Neves

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo busca avaliar a criação da Comissão Nacional da Verdade no Brasil e o esforço desta para integrar direitos humanos e meios democráticos de apurar violações passadas. Primeiramente, ele tenta estabelecer uma visão normativa de acordo com a qual a Lei de Anistia de 1979 não é válida porque viola o que Rainer Forst chama de "direito básico à justificação". Além disso, revê e critica à fundamentação normativa das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, que recentemente condenou o Estado brasileiro. De acordo com a visão dessa corte, o único modo legítimo que um país tem de apurar violações de direitos humanos é via justiça criminal. Essa perspectiva, o artigo argumenta, é muito estreita e deve incluir também as comissões da verdade.This paper aims to evaluate the creation of the National Truth Commission in Brazil and its effort to integrate human rights and democratic means to account past violations. First, it tries to establish a normative view according to which the Amnesty Law enacted in 1979 is not valid because it violates what Rainer Forst calls a "basic right to justification". In addition it reviews and challenges the normative foundations of the decisions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which recently condemned the Brazilian state. According to the Court's view, the only legitimate way a country has to make violations of human rights accountable is by means of criminal justice. This perspective, the article argues, is too narrow and must include truth commissions as well.

Sons & Lumieres / Ivar Jung

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jung, Ivar

2004-01-01

Näitus "Hääl ja valgus" Pariisi Pompidou keskuses 22. IX 2004-3. I 2005. Väljas on 99 kunstniku (Paul Klee, Frantishek Kupka, Vassili Kandinsky, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Raoul Hausmann, Bill Viola, Robert Rauschenberg, Joseph Beuys, Rodney Graham jne.) tööd ajavahemikust 1910-2004. Kuraatorid Sophie Duplaix ja Marcella Lista

Kadunud paradiis / Reet Varblane

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Varblane, Reet, 1952-

2007-01-01

Veneetsia 52. biennaali satelliitnäitused. Bill Viola videoinstallatsioon "Kaldata ookean / Ocean without a Shore" San Callo kirikus kuni 24. XI; Itaalia Ladina-Ameerika instituudi näitus "Territooriumid / Territorios" (kuraator Irma Arestizabali) Ca'Zenobios kuni 21. XI ja I mustlaskunsti paviljon "Kaotatud paradiis" (kuraator Timea Junghaus) Palazzo Pisani Santa Marias kuni 21. XI

Eesti animafilmi trump peitub minevikus / Andres Laasik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Laasik, Andres, 1960-2016

2000-01-01

Animafilmifestivalil Hollywoodis "The World Animation Celebration" sai Pärna joonisfilm "Porgandite öö" esimese preemia 15-30-minutiliste filmide kategoorias. Film on valitud koos Janno Põldma joonisfilmiga "Armastuse võimalikkusest" ja Priit Tenderi filmiga "Viola" augustis Hiroshimas toimvale festivalile. Eesti animafilmi absurdihuumor, mis pärineb nõukogude perioodist, on selle edu üks nurgakive.

Synchronization and leadership in string quartet performance: a case study of auditory and visual cues

Science.gov (United States)

Timmers, Renee; Endo, Satoshi; Bradbury, Adrian; Wing, Alan M.

2014-01-01

Temporal coordination between members of a string quartet was investigated across repeated performances of an excerpt of Haydn’s string quartet in G Major, Op. 77 No. 1. Cross-correlations between interbeat intervals of performances at different lags showed a unidirectional dependence of Viola on Violin I, and of Violin I on Cello. Bidirectional dependence was observed for the relationships between Violin II and Cello and Violin II and Viola. Own-reported dependencies after the performances reflected these measured dependencies more closely than dependencies of players reported by the other players, which instead showed more typical leader–follower patterns in which Violin I leads. On the other hand, primary leadership from Violin I was observed in an analysis of the bow speed characteristics preceding the first tone onset. The anticipatory movement of Violin I set the tempo of the excerpt. Taken together the results show a more complex and differentiated pattern of dependencies than expected from a traditional role division of leadership suggesting several avenues for further research. PMID:25002856

SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ULTRAS PHENOMENON IN THE CITY OF TIMISOARA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

IONESCU Simona

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The ultras phenomenon in Timisoara has been represented by the gallery of the PolitehnicaTimisoara football team and has identified itself as „Commando Viola Ultra Curva Sud”. It is not at all a newphenomenon and its analysis implies radiography of the white-violet group.The aim of the present paper is the research on the model of the Timisoara supporter, his or hercharacteristic features and peculiarities, both as an individual and as a group. The investigation method used inorder to collect the research data has consisted of observation and questionnaire. It has been noticed that there are two types of supporters within the group: mere supporters, present at the games in order to encourage their team and the ultras, active membersin Commando Viola. The main differences between the two categories of supporters being defined at the identification level: to the ultras, the local team means everything, while to the supporters it means to identify themselves to the concept “to be born in the Banat region”.

Synchronization and leadership in string quartet performance: a case study of auditory and visual cues

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renee eTimmers

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Temporal coordination between members of a string quartet was investigated across repeated performances of an excerpt of Haydn’s string quartet in G Major, Op. 77 No. 1. Cross-correlations between interbeat intervals of performances at different lags showed a unidirectional dependence of Viola on Violin I, and of Violin I on Cello. Bidirectional dependence was observed for the relationships between Violin II and Cello and Violin II and Viola. Own-reported dependencies after the performances reflected these measured dependencies more closely than dependencies of players reported by the other players, which instead showed more typical leader-follower patterns in which Violin I leads. On the other hand, primary leadership from Violin I was observed in an analysis of the bow speed characteristics preceding the first tone onset. The anticipatory movement of Violin I set the tempo of the excerpt. Taken together the results show a more complex and differentiated pattern of dependencies than expected from a traditional role division of leadership suggesting several avenues for further research.

Synergistic impacts of deforestation, climate change and fire on the future biomes distribution in Amazonia

Science.gov (United States)

Sampaio, G.; Cardoso, M. F.; Nobre, C. A.; Salazar, L. F.

2013-05-01

Several studies indicate future increase of environmental risks for the ecosystems in the Amazon region as a result of climate and land-use change, and their synergistic interactions. Modeling studies (e.g. Oyama and Nobre 2004, Salazar et al. 2007, Malhi et al. 2008) project rapid and irreversible replacement of forests by savannas with large-scale losses of biodiversity and livelihoods for people in the region. This process is referred to as the Amazon Dieback, where accelerated plant mortality due to environmental changes lead to forest collapse and savannas expansion after "tipping points" in climate and land surface changes are achieved. In this study we performed new analyses to quantify how deforestation, climate change and fire may combine to affect the distribution of major biomes in Amazonia. Changes in land use consider deforestation scenarios of 0%, 20%, 40%, and 50% (Sampaio et al., 2007), with and without fires (Cardoso et al., 2008), under the two greenhouse gases scenarios B1 and A2 and three "representative concentration pathways" (RCPs): 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5, for years 2015-2034 and 2040-2059 ("2025" and "2050" time-slices), from IPCC AR4 and CMIP5. The results show that the area affected in scenarios A2 and RCP 8.5 is larger than in the climate scenario B1 and RCP 2.6, and in both cases the effect is progressively higher in time. Most important changes occur in the East and South of the Amazon, with replacement of tropical forest by seasonal forest and savanna. The effect of fire in this region is important in all scenarios. The Northwest Amazon presents the smallest changes in the area of tropical forest, indicating that even for substantial land-use modifications and global climate change, the resulting atmospheric conditions would still support tropical forest in the region. In summary, we conclude that the synergistic combination of deforestation, climate change resulting from global warming, and the potential for higher fire occurrence may lead

Kiasma - muzei s vidom na Laplandiju / Galina Balashova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Balashova, Galina

2006-01-01

Steven Holli projekteeritud Kiasma muuseumihoonest Helsingis. Kontseptuaalkunsti näitusest ARS 06 "Reaalsustunne" Kiasmas. Eestlastest esineb Mark Raidpere. Vene kunstnikegrupi AEC+F ja vene kunstnike Juri Vassiljevi ning Aleksandr Ponomarjovi töödest näitusel. Ka Gerda Steineri & Jörg Lenzlingeri (Šveits), Martin & Munoz'i (USA, Hispaania), videokunstnik Bill Viola (USA) töödest

Species of Concern (SOC) on Department of Defense Installations

Science.gov (United States)

2002-07-15

ARISTIDA STRICTA; DRY, UPLAND FLAT, FILTERED LIGHT; WITH BAPTISIA CINEREA, VIOLA PEDATA, DALEA PINNATA.* SUBPOP A=PINE/SCRUB OAK SANDHILL; FEW SCATTERED...DIOSPYROS VIRG., GAYLUSSACIA DUMOSA, EPIGAEA REPENS, ANDROPOGON SP., BAPTISIA TINCT., TEPHROSIA VIRG., VACCINIUM CRASS., LESPEDEZA SP., DALEA PINNATA...ADENOCAULON BICOLOR , PHACELIA NEMORALIS, CAREX HENDERSONII. CIRSIUM VULGARE COMMON WHERE DISTURBED.* Cedar-hemlock forest on lower slopes of logged

Analysis of Current-mode Detectors For Resonance Detection In Neutron Optics Time Reversal Symmetry Experiment

Science.gov (United States)

Forbes, Grant; Noptrex Collaboration

2017-09-01

One of the most promising explanations for the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe is the search for new sources of time-reversal (T) symmetry violation. The current amount of violation seen in the kaon and B-meson systems is not sufficient to describe this asymmetry. The Neutron Optics Time Reversal Experiment Collaboration (NOPTREX) is a null test for T violation in polarized neutron transmission through a polarized 139La target. Due to the high neutron flux needed for this experiment, as well as the ability to effectively subtract background noise, a current-mode neutron detector that can resolve resonances at epithermal energies has been proposed. In order to ascertain if this detector design would meet the requirements for the eventual NOPTREX experiment, prototypical detectors were tested at the NOBORU beam at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (JPARC) facility. Resonances in In and Ta were measured and the collected data was analyzed. This presentation will describe the analysis process and the efficacy of the detectors will be discussed. Department of Energy under Contract DE-SC0008107, UGRAS Scholarship.

Gender Association with Stringed Instruments: A Four-Decade Analysis of Texas All-State Orchestras

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Vicki D.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to track the gender makeup of the five string sections (Violin 1, Violin 2, Viola, Cello, and String Bass) of Texas Music Educators Association (TMEA) All-State Orchestras from 1971 to 2010, to determine if a clear gender stereotype was evident in any of the sections and if there had been a trend towards a change in…

Dasineura odoratae new to Denmark and new records of the rare Mayetiola hellwigi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bruun, Hans Henrik; Skuhravá, Marcela

2011-01-01

We report the first documented records of the gall midge Dasineura odoratae Stelter, based on adults reared from galls on the single host plant of the species, Viola odorata. We also report Aphanogmus abdominalis (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae) as a parasitoid of this gall midge. In addition......, we report some recent Danish finds of the rare gall midge Mayetiola hellwigi (Rübsamen)....

ARS - Helsinki - 2006 / Galina Balashova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Balashova, Galina

2006-01-01

Steven Holli projekteeritud Kiasma muuseumihoonest Helsingis. Kontseptuaalkunsti näitusest ARS 06 "Reaalsustunne" Kiasmas. Eestlastest esineb Mark Raidpere. Vene kunstnikegrupi AEC+F ja vene kunstnike Juri Vassiljevi ning Aleksandr Ponomarjovi töödest näitusel. Ka Gerda Steineri & Jörg Lenzlingeri (Šveits), Martin & Munoz'i (USA, Hispaania), arvutigraafik Charles Sandisoni (SB), videokunstnik Bill Viola (USA) jt. töödest

Um Processador Rápido de Corte em Momento Transverso para o Trigger da Experiência CP-LEAR

CERN Document Server

Machado, Emanuel Tito Mendes

Neste trabalho pretendemos mostrar alguns aspectos importantes no desenho de instrumentação para sistemas de selecção de eventos (trigger), que se revelaram importantes no desenho do sistema de trigger de CP–LEAR. Para isso, fazemos um zoom progressivo sobre a experiência. Começamos por mostrar o que são sistemas de trigger, quais as suas propriedades e diversidade, e que tipos de sistemas são usados e em que circunstâncias. É também feito um apanhado do state of the art dos diversos componentes e soluções utilizadas para a resolução dos problemas típicos destes sistemas. A seguir, apresentamos CP–LEAR, descrevendo a física em que se apoia o seu método. Aqui introduzimos o conceito de simetrias, e em que circunstâncias podemos falar de violação de simetria. Seguidamente, introduzimos o sistema de kaões neutros, apresentamos o fenómeno de violação CP, e descrevemos o método de CP–LEAR utilizado para o seu estudo. Depois de apresentar o detector utilizado na experiência, começa...

Vascular plant flora in the Cytadela cemeteries in Poznań (Poland

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aneta Czarna

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the spontaneous vascular flora and the flora originating from old or contemporary plantations found in all six currently existing cemeteries located in immediate vicinity on the slopes of the Cytadela Park in Poznań. These studies were carried out in the years 2011–2014. Over this period, 255 species of vascular plants were found. The most interesting species include: Chionodoxa luciliae, Rumex rugosus, Aegopodium podagraria ‘Variegatum’, Ficaria verna f. plenifolia, Galanthus nivalis f. pleniflora, Ornithogalum boucheanum, Ranunculus repens ‘Plena’, and hybrids: Dactylis ×intercedens, Gagea ×pomeranica, Ornithogalum boucheanum × O. nutans, Viola cyanea × V. odorata. A great number of spring geophytes, namely 31 species, was also found. Among species occurring spontaneously outside the graves, some were new for Poland, e.g., Chionodoxa luciliae, Ornithogalum boucheanum × O. nutans, Viola cyanea × V. odorata, while others were new for the Wielkopolska region: Rumex rugosus, Dactylis ×intercedens, Gagea ×pomeranica, as well as new for Poznań: Erigeron ramosus, Lilium bulbiferum, Muscari armeniacus, M. neglectum, Pimpinella nigra, Poa subcaerulea, and Veronica hederifolia s. s.

Hordas de violadores. A instrumentalização da violência sexual em discursos anticomunistas alemães da Guerra Fria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Júlia Garraio

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Nos discursos anticomunistas alemães da Guerra Fria, a imagem do Exército Vermelho como “horda de violadores” funcionou como estratégia de exclusão na construção de uma identidade nacional regida por “valores ocidentais”. Analisarei a dimensão ideológica dos estereótipos de mulheres violadas e as construções de masculinidade que perpassam dois textos emblemáticos de memórias da fuga e expulsão dos alemães da Europa Central e de Leste e um romance de propaganda anticomunista norte-americano. Tentarei demonstrar que as violações de mulheres alemãs por soldados soviéticos no desfecho da Segunda Guerra Mundial foram interpretadas como produto de uma “barbárie asiática” e do comunismo. A instrumentalização dessas violações, ao diabolizar a União Soviética, favoreceu os dois pilares da política externa da República Federal da Alemanha: a integração europeia e a aliança transatlântica.

Tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação: a garantia dos direitos civis relativo à propriedade do software

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Américo Augusto Nogueira Vieira

Full Text Available O que se denominam "direitos civis" nos Estados Unidos da América, tem, no Brasil, sua referência dada pelo artigo 5º da Constituição brasileira e tal conjunto de direitos é denominado como: "Direitos e Garantias Fundamentais". O trabalho problematiza sobre o seguinte fato: apesar de haver a garantia constitucional da propriedade, se existe, de fato, nas leis federais brasileiras específicas (Lei de Software e Lei de Direitos Autorais, uma tolerância ou autorização a uma forma de "plágio de software". A pesquisa baseou-se na Constituição, na Convenção de Berna, nas leis federais e doutrinas jurídicas de propriedade intelectual, além de uma ampla bibliografia. Ao final, demonstra-se que há, sim, possibilidade de violação do direito de propriedade e, portanto, dos direitos civis, seja pela violação da própria Carta Política brasileira, seja pela interpretação equivocada da legislação federal específica.

This is not a bomb / Triin Männik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Männik, Triin

2005-01-01

Moskva I rahvusvaheline kaasaja kunsti biennaali lisaprogrammist. Erikülalistena esinesid Christian Boltanski, Bill Viola, Michal Rovner, Ilja Kabakov. Informbüroo projektist, Andrei Jerofejevi kureeritud "Kaasosaliste" ülevaatenäitusest Tretjakovi galeriis, näitusest "Invasioon" ja Robert Mapplethorpe'i fotode väljapanekust Moskva fotograafiakeskuses, näitustest "Post-diasporaa : rännakud ja missioonid" (kuraator Olga Kopenkina) ja "Sooprobleemid" Moskva moodsa kunsti muuseumis

Final Environmental Assessment Addressing Riparian Restoration and Stabilization at Grand Forks Air Force Base, North Dakota

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-01

trail ATV use, paintball use, and cutting of young, healthy trees; unmanaged grazing and wildfires; monitoring for insects and disease such as Dutch Elm...maximillianii), jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum), white violet (Viola canadensis), wood nettle (Laportea canadensis), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica...for insects and disease such as Dutch Elm disease, gypsy moths, tent worms, or other pathogens that could damage the forest health. During

O sentimento de vergonha em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Paula Amaral Fernandes

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender o julgamento do sentimento de vergonha em situações de violação às regras em crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH. As situações de violação às regras envolviam os pais, o professor e os pares. Participaram do estudo 20 crianças e adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 11 e 14 anos que cursavam entre o 5º e 8º anos do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola da rede particular de ensino e de uma instituição destinada ao diagnóstico e tratamento de crianças com queixa escolar. Os participantes foram subdivididos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (G1 constituído por 10 crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de TDAH, apresentação predominantemente combinada, e o Grupo 2 (G2, formado por 10 crianças e adolescentes sem queixas comportamentais. O desenvolvimento moral e a compreensão do sentimento de vergonha foram investigados por meio de histórias hipotéticas. Em relação ao nível de desenvolvimento moral, os resultados apontaram que os participantes dos dois grupos encontram-se na autonomia moral ou em transição entre a heteronomia e autonomia, sem diferença entre eles, o que impossibilita a comparação desses dados e os voltados para a avaliação do sentimento de vergonha. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram também diferenças entre os grupos no que se refere à compreensão do sentimento de vergonha em situações de violação às regras e também em relação aos envolvidos nas histórias (pais, professor e pares.

Reference: 678 [Arabidopsis Phenome Database[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available velopment. 7165 1053-7 17960244 2007 Oct Nature Blilou Ikram|Galinha Carla|Heidstra Renze|Hofhuis Hugo|Luijten Marijn|Scheres Ben|Willemsen Viola ... 678 http://metadb.riken.jp/db/SciNetS_ria224i/cria224u4ria224u17960244i Galinha Carla et al. 2007 Oct. Natu...re 449(7165):1053-7. Factors with a graded distribution can program fields of cells

Perception of orchestral musicians about work environment and conditions

OpenAIRE

Clarissa Stefani Teixeira; Fausto Kothe; Luis Felipe Dias Lopes; Érico Felden Pereira

2014-01-01

The objective of this study was to investigate the perception of 11 orchestral string (viola and violin) musicians of both genders with respect to their work environment and conditions. We applied a questionnaire with demographic information and the scale Profile of Work Environment and Working Conditions by Nahas et al. (2009), which analyzes the following components: physical environment, social environment, development and professional achievement, salary and benefits, and social relev...

Navigational Heads-Up Display: Will a Shipboard Augmented Electronic Navigation System Sink or Swim?

Science.gov (United States)

2015-03-01

back his orders to the conning officer before execution, with the goal of mitigating some of these issues; however, the reports and recommendations...men due to their wider FOV which increases flicker perception. (LaViola, 2000) Another significant factor that is relevant to any future study in...upcoming turn might not be immediately recognized. Therefore, we attempted to mitigate this possibility by actively alerting the subjects that a turn

Development of a 3He nuclear spin flip system on an in-situ SEOP 3He spin filter and demonstration for a neutron reflectometer and magnetic imaging technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayashida, H; Kira, H; Miyata, N; Akutsu, K; Mizusawa, M; Parker, J D; Matsumoto, Y; Oku, T; Sakai, K; Hiroi, K; Shinohara, T; Takeda, M; Yamazaki, D; Oikawa, K; Harada, M; Ino, T; Imagawa, T; Ohkawara, M; Ohoyama, K; Kakurai, K

2016-01-01

We have been developing a 3 He neutron spin filter (NSF) using the spin exchange optical pumping (SEOP) technique. The 3 He NSF provides a high-energy polarized neutron beam with large beam size. Moreover the 3 He NSF can work as a π-flipper for a polarized neutron beam by flipping the 3 He nuclear spin using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. For NMR with the in-situ SEOP technique, the polarization of the laser must be reversed simultaneously because a non-reversed laser reduces the polarization of the spin-flipped 3 He. To change the polarity of the laser, a half-wavelength plate was installed. The rotation angle of the half-wavelength plate was optimized, and a polarization of 97% was obtained for the circularly polarized laser. The 3 He polarization reached 70% and was stable over one week. A demonstration of the 3 He nuclear spin flip system was performed at the polarized neutron reflectometer SHARAKU (BL17) and NOBORU (BL10) at J-PARC. Off-specular measurement from a magnetic Fe/Cr thin film and magnetic imaging of a magnetic steel sheet were performed at BL17 and BL10, respectively. (paper)

First observation of the parity violaing asymmetry in moller scattering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Younus, Imran [Syracuse Univ., NY (United States)

2003-11-01

This thesis reports on the E158 experiment at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), which has made the first observation of the parity non-conserving asymmetry in Moller scattering. Longitudinally polarized 48 GeV electrons are scattered off unpolarized (atomic) electrons in a liquid hydrogen target with an average Q² of 0.027 GeV². The asymmetry in this process is proportional to ( 1 4 ₋ sin2 θ_W), where sin² =W gives the weak mixing angle. The thesis describes the experiment in detail, with a particular focus on the design and construction of the electromagnetic calorimeter. This calorimeter was the primary detector in the experiment used to measure the flux of the scattered Moller electrons and eP electrons. It employed the quartz fiber calorimetry technique, and was built at Syracuse University. The preliminary results from the first experimental data taken in spring 2002 give APV = ₋151.9±29.0(stat)±32.5(syst) parts per billion. This in turn gives sin²θ_W = 0.

Tamponamento do pH da solução nutritiva na hidroponia de plantas ornamentais.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maira C. M. Fonseca

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Seis espécies de plantas ornamentais: Viola tricolor, Antirrhinum majus, Phlox drummondii, Petunia hibrida, Statice sinuata e Alyssum maritimun foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva com e sem agente tamponante, num experimento fatorial inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Avaliou-se o tempo para germinação, produção de muda, início do florescimento, teores de nutrientes e perdas do vigor e da qualidade das flores. As plantas foram colhidas quando perderam o vigor e a qualidade das flores. Dentre as espécies cultivadas, a que apresentou menor ciclo foi boca-de-leão (Antirrhinum majus. Boca-de-leão (Antirrhinum majus e petúnia (Petúnia x hybrida monstraram-se melhor esenvolvidas quando cultivadas com agente tamponante. Amorperfeito (Viola tricolor e flox (Phlox drummondii tenderam a um melhor desenvolvimento em solução nutritiva sem agente tamponante. Para estátice (Statice sinuata e alisso (Alyssum maritimun as soluções empregadas não resultaram em diferenças significativas no crescimento das plantas, embora o vigor e número de flores de alisso apresentem superioridade em presença de agente tamponante.

Edible flowers - antioxidant activity and impact on cell viability

OpenAIRE

Kuceková, Zdenka; Mlček, Jiří; Humpolíček, Petr; Rop, Otakar

2013-01-01

The phenolic compound composition, antioxidant activity and impact on cell viability of edible flower extracts of Allium schoenoprasum; Bellis perennis; Cichorium intybus; Rumex acetosa; Salvia pratensis; Sambucus nigra; Taraxacum officinale; Tragopogon pratensis; Trifolium repens and Viola arvensis was examined for the first time. Total phenolic content of the flowers of these plants fell between 11.72 and 42.74 mg of tannin equivalents/kg of dry matter. Antioxidant activity ranged from 35.5...

Perceived emotional intelligence, achievement motivation and school performance in conservatory students

OpenAIRE

Laura López Bernad

2013-01-01

The present research inspects the relationship between Perceived Emotional Intelligence (PEI) and achievement motivation in a sample of students (N=57) belonging to the string department at the Conservatorio Profesional de Música and specializing in violin, viola, violoncello and bass violoncello. The evaluation methods were: the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24), to test Perceived Emotional Intelligence, and the Escala Atribucional de Motivación de Logro (EAML, Attributive Motivation Scale) to...

Strygerspillets fænomenologi

OpenAIRE

Øyvind Lyngseth

2014-01-01

What characterizes the relationship between the reflexive/derivative/analytic and the unthematized/prior/immersed interpretative engagement with a string instrument (violin, viola, cello and double-bass) in praxis? In this article, the phenomenological investigation of this relationship brings into light some unclear aspects of Heidegger’s discrimination between the ‘ready-to-hand’ and the ‘present-at-hand’ distinction in Being and Time. Furthermore, this analysis provides the background for s...

A Fuzzy Aproach For Facial Emotion Recognition

Science.gov (United States)

Gîlcă, Gheorghe; Bîzdoacă, Nicu-George

2015-09-01

This article deals with an emotion recognition system based on the fuzzy sets. Human faces are detected in images with the Viola - Jones algorithm and for its tracking in video sequences we used the Camshift algorithm. The detected human faces are transferred to the decisional fuzzy system, which is based on the variable fuzzyfication measurements of the face: eyebrow, eyelid and mouth. The system can easily determine the emotional state of a person.

On the irrationality measure for a q-analogue of \\zeta(2)

Science.gov (United States)

Zudilin, W. V.

2002-08-01

A Liouville-type estimate is proved for the irrationality measure of the quantities \\displaystyle \\zeta_q(2)=\\sum_{n=1}^\\infty\\frac{q^n}{(1-q^n)^2}with q^{-1}\\in\\mathbb Z\\setminus\\{0,\\pm1\\}. The proof is based on the application of a q-analogue of the arithmetic method developed by Chudnovsky, Rukhadze, and Hata and of the transformation group for hypergeometric series-the group-structure approach introduced by Rhin and Viola.

Hardronic Festival 2015

CERN Multimedia

Stefania Pandolfi

2015-01-01

On 8 August, the Hardronic Festival took place on the terrace of Restaurant 3 in Prévessin. Ten bands from the CERN MusiClub played an assortment of excellent music in a non-stop show that lasted until the early hours. Hundreds of people gathered by the stage, favouring the Hardronic rhythms over the bangs and crackles of the Fête de Genève fireworks.   - See full-size images - Photos: Viola Krebs (ICVs.org)

Ecological Assessment of Vandenburg Air Force Base, California. Volume 2. Biological Inventory 1974/75

Science.gov (United States)

1976-05-01

Conium maculatum 15 15 ə-100 Urtica holcserioea 15 < 1 - 1 - 5 Z-jvphularia atvata 15 •1 di ichus bullata 35 <. 1 ə turn tclmateia 15 < 1 1 - 5...33.0 Pteridium aquilir.um 22.0 Horkelia auneata 19.0 Staohys rigida 19-0 Conium maculatum 19-0 Viola queroetonon 16.5 Pterostegia dvymarioides l6...Apiastrwn angustifolium Baaaharis ep. B. Douglaaii Bras sioa sp. Caulanthup oalifomiaua Chenopodiim sp. Conium maoulatum Eriophyllum

Play Well With Others: Improvisational Theater and Collaboration in the Homeland Security Environment

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-01

characteristics identified by Horst Rittel: 1: You don’t understand the problem until you have a solution. 2: Wicked problems have no stopping rule. 3...work of Sills, Viola Spolin, Keith Johnstone, Del Close, and others. These principles, which are defined primarily through my experiences studying...scooping some ice cream into a cone and handing it to their partner. If the fellow player says, “But, you are at a pet shop,” then, the one player

The DISAM Journal of International Security Assistance Management. Volume 31, Number 3, November 2009

Science.gov (United States)

2009-11-01

violas. Pacifi c Partnership donated $700 worth of books to the main library in Apia for distribution to school libraries throughout the country...costs are concentrated over a shorter period of time and therefore seem to be greater. Ms. Peters’ talk is the fi rst of a series of book discussions...also buying secondhand aircraft or a service contract. A French Air Force spokesman said there is “a preference for the C-130J because of its size

A Colony Architecture for an Artificial Creature

Science.gov (United States)

1989-08-01

comments on the thesis itself. I am indebted to the other people in the mobile robot lab, particularly Anita Flynn, Paul Viola, and Mike Ciholas, for a...amount of griping along the way. This report is based on a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of...is sufficient to merely remember the outbound path and replay it in reverse to get the robot home. Once can imagine the robot, like Theseus , unrolling

Polymorphism of proteins in selected slovak winter wheat genotypes using SDS-PAGE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dana Miháliková

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Winter wheat is especially used for bread-making. The specific composition of the grain storage proteins and the representation of individual subunits determines the baking quality of wheat. The aim of this study was to analyze 15 slovak varieties of the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. based on protein polymorphism and to predict their technological quality. SDS-PAGE method by ISTA was used to separate glutenin protein subunits. Glutenins were separated into HMW-GS (15.13% and LMW-GS (65.89% on the basis of molecular weight in SDS-PAGE. At the locus Glu-A1 was found allele Null (53% of genotypes and allele 1 (47% of genotypes. The locus Glu-B1 was represented by the HMW-GS subunits 6+8 (33% of genotypes, 7+8 (27% of genotypes, 7+9 (40% of genotypes. At the locus Glu-D1 were detected two subunits, 2+12 (33% of genotypes and 5+10 (67% of genotypes which is correlated with good bread-making properties. The Glu – score was ranged from 4 (genotype Viglanka to 10 (genotypes Viola, Vladarka. According to the representation of individual glutenin subunits in samples, the dendrogram of genetic similarity was constructed. By the prediction of quality the results showed that the best technological quality was significant in the varieties Viola and Vladarka which are suitable for use in food processing.

Psicodiagnóstico compreensivo de crianças com distúrbios de conduta: aspectos psicodinâmicos

OpenAIRE

Ana Angelica Roncolato

2011-01-01

Essa pesquisa aborda o quadro psiquiátrico mais frequente na infância. O distúrbio de conduta é caracterizado por comportamento antissocial persistente com violação de normas sociais e direitos individuais. Os comportamentos antissociais podem surgir precocemente na infância ou na adolescência, e configuram quadro psiquiátrico de difícil tratamento. Fatores individuais, familiares e sociais influenciam no desenvolvimento e na persistência do comportamento antissocial, interagindo de forma com...

Kiriku ülestõstmisest / Veronika Valk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Valk, Veronika, 1976-

2011-01-01

Kiriku korrastamiseks ja tööshoidmiseks napib tihti raha. Eesti luteri kogudused vajavad abi. Uutest kirikukelladest Eestis, kellamängudest. Näiteid nüüdiskunstist mahajäetud kirikutes. Melbourne´i festivali raames 2010. a. näitas Bill Viola oma videokunsti Parkville´i St. Carthage´i katoliku kirikus. Londonis 2006. a. Michael Crossi kirikusse loodud teosest "Bridge". Briti kunstnike Heather Ackroydi ja Dan Harvey poolt Dilston Grove'i kirikusse Londonis 2003. a. loodud vertikaalse murukasvatuse projektist

Multi-Frame Object Detection

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-01

ensures that the trainer will produce a cascade that achieves a 0.9044 hit rate (= 0.9910) or better, or it will fail trying. The Viola-Jones...by the user. Thus, a final cascade cannot be produced, and the trainer has failed at the specific hit and FA rate requirements. 19 THIS PAGE...International Journal of Computer Vision, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 153–161, July 2005. [3] L. Lee, “ Gait dynamics for recognition and classification,” in AI Memo

JPR. Musical composition for baroque flute, viola da gamba and harpsichord.

OpenAIRE

Armstrong, Thomas

2016-01-01

JPR, a homage to Jean-Philippe Rameau, has two points of origin: a series of workshops with Trio Aporia exploring improvisatory ways of working and a concert given by the trio in the summer of 2015 which provided my first contact with Rameau's Pièces de clavecin en concerts, music I immediately loved. Bridging the gap between these two starting points was what drove the creative process; I decided to use Rameau's music as source material and devise a means of doing so that preserved the sense...

Comparison of semiempirical formulae for alpha decay half-lives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poenaru, D.N.; Ivascu, M.; Sandulesku, A.

1983-01-01

The semiempirical relationships given by Froeman, Wapstra et al., Viola and Seaborg, Hornshoj et al., Taagepera and Nurmia, Keller and Munzel for alpha decay half-lives are compared with experimental results and with a new formula derived by the authors form the fission theory of alpha decay in even-even, odd-even, even-odd and odd-odd nuclei. By taking into consideration the shell effects, the new formula allows one to obtain a better agreement with experimental data, even in the neighbourhood of the magic numbers

A TUTELA PENAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE E SUA (INCOMPATIBILIDADE COM A INTERVENÇÃO MÍNIMA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jamille Clara Alves Adamczyk

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Considerando que o Direito Penal deve atuar como última via e para tutelar os bens jurídicos mais relevantes, propõe-se a analisar se a imputação da responsabilidade penal ambiental iria de encontro com a premissa da intervenção mínima. Assim, tem-se como objetivo do presente estudo analisar se a responsabilização penal no âmbito do direito ambiental viola o princípio da intervenção mínima.

Feature extraction & image processing for computer vision

CERN Document Server

Nixon, Mark

2012-01-01

This book is an essential guide to the implementation of image processing and computer vision techniques, with tutorial introductions and sample code in Matlab. Algorithms are presented and fully explained to enable complete understanding of the methods and techniques demonstrated. As one reviewer noted, ""The main strength of the proposed book is the exemplar code of the algorithms."" Fully updated with the latest developments in feature extraction, including expanded tutorials and new techniques, this new edition contains extensive new material on Haar wavelets, Viola-Jones, bilateral filt

Divergent biology of facultative heavy metal plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Bothe, Hermann; Słomka, Aneta

2017-12-01

Among heavy metal plants (the metallophytes), facultative species can live both in soils contaminated by an excess of heavy metals and in non-affected sites. In contrast, obligate metallophytes are restricted to polluted areas. Metallophytes offer a fascinating biology, due to the fact that species have developed different strategies to cope with the adverse conditions of heavy metal soils. The literature distinguishes between hyperaccumulating, accumulating, tolerant and excluding metallophytes, but the borderline between these categories is blurred. Due to the fact that heavy metal soils are dry, nutrient limited and are not uniform but have a patchy distribution in many instances, drought-tolerant or low nutrient demanding species are often regarded as metallophytes in the literature. In only a few cases, the concentrations of heavy metals in soils are so toxic that only a few specifically adapted plants, the genuine metallophytes, can cope with these adverse soil conditions. Current molecular biological studies focus on the genetically amenable and hyperaccumulating Arabidopsis halleri and Noccaea (Thlaspi) caerulescens of the Brassicaceae. Armeria maritima ssp. halleri utilizes glands for the excretion of heavy metals and is, therefore, a heavy metal excluder. The two endemic zinc violets of Western Europe, Viola lutea ssp. calaminaria of the Aachen-Liège area and Viola lutea ssp. westfalica of the Pb-Cu-ditch of Blankenrode, Eastern Westphalia, as well as Viola tricolor ecotypes of Eastern Europe, keep their cells free of excess heavy metals by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which bind heavy metals. The Caryophyllaceae, Silene vulgaris f. humilis and Minuartia verna, apparently discard leaves when overloaded with heavy metals. All Central European metallophytes have close relatives that grow in areas outside of heavy metal soils, mainly in the Alps, and have, therefore, been considered as relicts of the glacial epoch in the past. However, the current

O provedor de justiça europeu e a democratização das instituições comunitárias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janaína Rigo Santin

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo visa a analisar as questões da cidadania europeia e do deficit democrático das instituições supranacionais. Nesse sentido, aborda a instituição do Provedor de Justiça Europeu. Trata-se de um indivíduo nomeado pelo Parlamento Europeu com a função de, quer por iniciativa própria quer baseado em queixas que lhe tenham sido apresentadas por cidadãos e residentes europeus, investigar e proceder a inquéritos sobre irregularidades na atuação dos órgãos comunitários, bem como emitir recomendações com o fim de corrigir os casos de má administração e violação aos direitos humanos por ele detectados. O objeto de atuação do Provedor de Justiça Europeu é o exercício da atividade política e a prestação dos serviços públicos, em âmbito comunitário. Trata-se um canal de acesso da cidadania aos órgãos de poder político, controlando a má atuação das instituições ou organismos comunitários e a violação de direitos, com amplos poderes de supervisão no intuito maior que é a persecução do direito fundamental a uma boa administração.

Studies on urokinase (UK) therapy of thromboembolic diseases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wakayama, Ryuji; Satake, Kisaburo; Hisamatsu, Tokugoro; Fukase, Masaichi

1974-01-01

In order to determine the urokinase (UK) concentration in blood, a radioimmunoassay method was developed, in which a radioactive material labeled with 125 I-Na was used. In this method, the movement of UK in blood and the relationship between the UK concentration and fibrinolytic activity were studied with the following results: 1) The concentration of UK in normal human blood was found to be 6.84 +- 2.53 PKU early in the morning with an apparent daily rythmic fluctuation in concentration. 2) With an intravenous drip of 20,000 to 30,000 PKU, the UK concentration increased 6 to 8 PKU/ml above the early morning value, then in one to two hours it returned to the previous value once again. In some of the cases, a slight, transient decrease occurred. 3) Following the UK drip, UK concentration in the blood and fibrinolytic activity varied in a parallel fashion. Plasminogen and antiplasmin levels were not altered by administration of only 20,000 to 30,000 PKU of UK. Fibrinogen was lowered, but the fluctuation was within the physiological range. (S. Oyama)

High frequency and large deposition of acid fog on high elevation forest.

Science.gov (United States)

Igawa, Manabu; Matsumura, Ko; Okochi, Hiroshi

2002-01-01

We have collected and analyzed fogwater on the mountainside of Mt. Oyama (1252 m) in the Tanzawa Mountains of Japan and observed the fog event frequency from the base of the mountain with a video camera. The fog event frequency increased with elevation and was observed to be present 46% of the year at the summit. The water deposition via throughfall increased with elevation because of the increase in fogwater interception and was about twice that via rain at the summit, where the air pollutant deposition via throughfall was several times that via rainwater. The dry deposition and the deposition via fogwater were dominant factors in the total ion deposition at high elevation sites. In a fog event, nitric acid, the major acid component on the mountain, is formed during the transport of the air mass from the base of the mountain along the mountainside, where gases including nitric acid deposit and are scavenged by fogwater. Therefore, high acidity caused by nitric acid and relatively low ion strength are observed in the fogwater at high elevation sites.

Clinical investigation of radioallergosorbent test (RAST)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okuda, Minoru; Usami, Atsushi

1974-01-01

Relationship of radioallergosorbent test (RAST), intracutaneous reaction, serum IgE determination and RMCD (Rat Mast Cell Degranulation Test) in subjects with tick allergy was compared in order to investigate clinical application for nasal allergy. 1. RAST is suitable for clinical examinations as determination of IgE. Because it is simple in technique, a technical expert can treat many subjects within a short time, and the result can be decleared within 2 days. 2. RAST was high in specificity and was consistent with clinical findings. RAST positive was thought to be allergy by the antigen, but RAST negative could not deny allergy by the antigen. 3. Correlation of some degree was found to exist between RAST and intracutaneous reaction or degree of induced reaction or threshold value of antigen intracutaneous reaction. But degree of intracutaneous reaction and induced reaction and threshold value of intracutaneous reaction could not be determined from the result of RAST. 4. Determination of IgE antibody by RAST was more useful in clinical study than that of IgE or IgE antibody by RMCD. (Oyama, S.)

EXPERIENCIAS RELACIONADAS A UNA INTERVENCIÓN PARA REDUCIR EL ESTIGMA RELACIONADO AL VIH/SIDA ENTRE ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA EN PUERTO RICO

OpenAIRE

Cintrón-Bou, Francheska; Varas-Díaz, Nelson; Marzán-Rodríguez, Melissa; Neilands, Torsten B.

2016-01-01

Existe estigma relacionado al VIH. A las personas con VIH/SIDA-PCVS se les viola sus derechos y obstaculiza su bienestar mental/físico. Profesionales de la salud-PS son fuente de apoyo primordial, sin embargo estos/as le estigmatizan. Es útil adiestrar a PS en relación al estigma social. Implantamos la intervención para reducir el estigma relacionado al VIH/SIDA con 507 estudiantes de medicina. Resultó ser una intervención efectiva, hubo reducción en los niveles de estigma a partir de nuestra...

Optimización de Almacenamiento de Video Utilizando Reconocimiento Facial

OpenAIRE

Jacobo Aispuro, Nestor Paul

2016-01-01

Todos los dispositivos electrónicos que capturan imagen en video requieren almacenar la información que pasa a través del lente de la cámara. Partiendo de ese hecho la presente propuesta de tesis, plantea reducir la cantidad de información que se guarda en dispositivos de almacenamiento a través de la detección e identificación facial. Para comprobar el argumento anterior, se desarrolló un prototipo el cual implementa el algoritmo Viola-Jones para realizar la detección de rostros en tiem...

O DIREITO À MEMÓRIA E À VERDADE NO BRASIL PÓS-DITADURA CIVIL-MILITAR

OpenAIRE

Carlos Artur Gallo

2010-01-01

O presente estudo analisa em que consiste, como surge e quais as possibilidades de concretização do “direito à memória e à verdade” na realidade brasileira. Concebido como mecanismo de reconciliação das sociedades que tenham passado por experiências traumáticas (assim chamadas em virtude da reiterada violação aos direitos humanos que foi consumada nas mesmas), este direito consiste, basicamente, no resgate da memória e da verdade dos fatos referentes às trajetórias daqueles que foram persegui...

Políticas de mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación básica en los países andinos: análisis comparado de Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú.

OpenAIRE

Lita Romero, Daysi Maribel

2014-01-01

Lograr una calidad educativa implica, no sólo ocuparse por la parte de infraestructura, cantidad de docentes, o dotación de material pedagógico, sino más bien, involucra una adecuada optimización de los recursos financieros y un acompañamiento de un marco regulatorio que establezca responsabilidades, control y seguimiento de cada acción tomada en el sistema. Por lo anteriormente señalado, se viola necesidad de realizar una investigación que recopile información sobre las principales políticas...

A PROBLEMÁTICA DA BIOPIRATARIA: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DA GEOPOLÍTICA E DOS DIREITOS DA SOCIOBIODIVERSIDADE

OpenAIRE

Nunes, Denise Silva; UFSM; Tybusch, Jerônimo Siqueira; UFSM

2013-01-01

O bioimperialismo configura-se como uma característica da geopolítica da atualidade, com alicerces nas estruturas da globalização e do capitalismo. Nesse contexto, a problemática da pesquisa consiste na violação dos direitos dos povos locais e a exploração do meio ambiente, em que o atual sistema internacional de propriedade intelectual contribui para a biopirataria dos recursos naturais, por meio da infiltração, em áreas ricas em diversidade biológica, das grandes corporações, multinacionais...

Desarrollo de una aplicación inteligente basada en el reconocimiento facial para controlar el acceso a la biblioteca Daniel Rodríguez Hoyle

OpenAIRE

Lezcano Lezcano, Francisco; Quispe Hernández, Aixa; Ruiz Mejía, David; Vílchez Valdez, Edgar

2014-01-01

En este artículo se presenta el desarrollo de una aplicación que permite controlar el acceso de los estudiantes de la Universidad Privada del Norte (UPN) a la biblioteca DRH, mediante el reconocimiento facial. El sistema se implementa en C Sharp con la plataforma de trabajo Emgu CV, y realiza las tareas de detección de rostros mediante el algoritmo “Viola - Jones” que posee dos etapas principales: Una de entrenamiento del detector y otra de detección donde se emplea el detector entrenado en ...

Sistema prisional e direitos humanos

OpenAIRE

Mendes, André Pacheco Teixeira

2015-01-01

O volume 4 da Série Clínicas dos Cadernos FGV DIREITO RIO traz quatro trabalhos originais relacionados ao tema do Sistema Prisional e Direitos Humanos. A obra contempla pareceres jurídicos sobre violações aos direitos dos presos nas unidades prisionais do estado do Rio de Janeiro, tendo por objeto: (i) emprego ilegal de laxante em custodiados e visitantes suspeitos de carregarem drogas; (ii) falta de água própria para o consumo humano; (iii) restrição ao banho de sol; e (iv) condições inadequ...

Effect of simplified tillage and mineral fertilization on weed infestation of potato growing on loess soil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karol Bujak

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In the paper effect of limitation of postharvest measure to single cultivating or disking of soil and mineral fertilization level on number, air-dry matter and botanical composition of weeds in the potato-field is presented. Simplifield postharvest measure was increasing insignificantly and more intensive fertilization was limiting the weed infestation of potato-field. Decteasing of weeds number increasing fertilization was ststistically significant. Dominating species of weeds in the potato-field were Capsella bursa-pastoris, Poa annua, Viola arvensis, Chenopodium album, Elymus repens i Equisetum arvense.

Indemnización de perjuicios a los afectados por acuerdos de cartel y las investigaciones por violación al régimen de competencia: concurrencia de acciones civiles y administrativas

OpenAIRE

López Corzo, Juan Fernando

2017-01-01

El régimen jurídico de la competencia y en especial, la regulación sobre conductas anticompetitivas afronta la dualidad de penalizar la conducta y el resarcimiento de los afectados. Es claro que el mayor beneficiado de la competencia en el mercado es el consumidor, y el mayor afectado cuando se viola dicho régimen. Las investigaciones para su penalización son realizadas por la SIC como autoridad residual, pero no tiene la capacidad de resarcir a los afectados, la cual debe ser llevada ante la...

Väkivaltaisen naisen kuva

OpenAIRE

Kanninen, Maija

2011-01-01

Opinnäytetyöni on kolmeosaisen tv-draaman ”Perheasioita” käsikirjoitus. Sarjan teemana on naisen ja etenkin äidin väkivaltaisuus. Muita teemoja ovat perhe, äidin roolin odotukset sekä sukupolvelta toiselle siirtyvä henkinen pahoinvointi. Käsikirjoituksen idea syntyi jo talvella 2010, jolloin toteutin perheväkivallan varhaiseen puuttumiseen liittyviä lyhytelokuvia ja kuunnelmia Viola ry:lle. Tuolloin jäi kokonaan käsittelemättä naisen väkivaltaisuus ja opinnäytetyössäni halusin puuttua nime...

Is there an association between temporomandibular disorders and playing a musical instrument? A review of literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Attallah, M M; Visscher, C M; van Selms, M K A; Lobbezoo, F

2014-07-01

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have a multifactorial etiology. Among others, parafunctions and oral habits have been suggested as important initiating and perpetuating factors. Playing a musical instrument that loads the masticatory system, like wind instruments and the violin or viola, has been suggested to be part of this group of etiological factors. However, the evidence base for this suggestion is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the literature on the possible association between playing a musical instrument and developing and/or having a TMD. A PubMed search, using the query ['Music'(Mesh) AND 'Craniomandibular Disorders'(Mesh)], yielded 19 articles, 14 of which were included in this review. Six of 14 papers had a case-control or pre-test-post-test design; the remaining eight papers were case reports of expert opinions. The former papers were analysed and tabulated according to the PICO (Patient/population-Intervention-Control/comparison-Outcome/results) system; the latter ones were only summarised and tabulated. All articles with a case-control or pre-test-post-test design suggested a possible association between TMD and playing a musical instrument, especially the violin and viola. However, no clear-cut conclusion could be drawn as to whether playing a musical instrument is directly associated with TMD, or only in combination with other factors. More and better research on this topic is needed, as to enable a better counselling and possibly even a better treatment of the suffering musician. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA: UMA ANÁLISE SOB O PRISMA DA AUTONOMIA, BENEFICÊNCIA E DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA

OpenAIRE

da Silva, Delmo Mattos; Serra, Maiane Cibele de Mesquita

2017-01-01

A violência obstétrica corresponde a uma forma específica de violência institucional e de gênero e implica em violação de direitos humanos, caracterizada pela imposição de intervenções danosas à integridade física e psicológica das parturientes, perpetrada pelos profissionais de saúde, bem como pelas instituições (públicas e privadas) nas quais tais mulheres são atendidas. O presente estudo tem por objetivo problematizar tal questão a partir da discussão dos princípios bioéticos da autonomia ...

Significados de violência na infância por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família

OpenAIRE

ZANELATTO, Priscila França

2010-01-01

Nos contextos mundial e brasileiro, o perfil de mortalidade para a faixa etária de 5 a 19 anos, caracteriza-se pela alta incidência de mortes por causas externas (violência e acidentes). A violência intrafamiliar contra a criança, considerada como uma causa externa e a mais frequente forma de violência infantil, é uma habitual e grave violação de direitos, por negar-lhes a liberdade, a dignidade, o respeito e a oportunidade de crescer e se desenvolver em condições saudáveis. O objetivo geral ...

LA PROYECCIÓN FEMENINA DE LA PEDAGOGÍA MUSICAL RUSA EN AMÉRICA LATINA: TRADICIÓN Y CREATIVIDAD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mara Lioba Juan Carvajal

2014-05-01

Full Text Available The Russian pedagogy leaves its traces of extraordinary value in the cultural development of the Americas. The methodology and experience transmitted to organize the teaching and artistic activity show indisputable results. This work recognizes the practical experience of teaching violin and viola, resulting from the migration of Russian pedagogues which have formed instrumentalists in Cuba and Mexico. From the methodological viewpoint a guiding thread arises focused on my teaching experience and artistic exchange with Russian artists-pedagogues who have dedicated their lives to music: the professors VieraBorisova, Natalia Gvozdetskaya; GuelaDubrova; Tatiana Kotcherguina and Maria Vdovina.

Limites da proteção a civis em face de atrocidades em massa : o genocídio em Darfur à luz do discurso oficial do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas

OpenAIRE

Peres, Luciana

2013-01-01

A dissertação analisa o genocídio perpetrado na região de Darfur do ângulo da eficácia da resposta empreendida pelo Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas (CSNU). Argumenta-se que as respostas do CSNU ao genocídio cometido em Darfur foram ineficazes em termos do impacto no terreno, tendo como implicações: (i) a continuidade das violações e dos ataques massivos na região; (ii) a inefetividade, por parte do Conselho, em assegurar a proteção civil em face da ocorrência ...

Violência sexual

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Caroline Schweitzer de

2015-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Florianópolis, 2015. A violência sexual contra as mulheres é uma violação dos direitos humanos, além de um grave problema de Saúde Pública e Segurança Pública, cuja prevenção, detecção precoce, intervenção e tratamento dos agravos resultantes devem ser encarados como responsabilidade do Estado e da sociedade. Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar o...

O assédio moral e a qualidade do trabalho numa organização de saúde

OpenAIRE

Fonseca, Sara Romão da

2012-01-01

Mestrado em Gestão de Serviços de Saúde O assédio moral é um problema antigo, que remonta ao início do trabalho e viola o princípio da dignidade humana. Pode assumir várias terminologias como coacção moral, terror psicológico, mobbing, bullying, harassment, Murahachibu ou ijime, as quais variam consoante o país ou cultura. Actualmente, ainda não existe uma definição consensual, no entanto sobressaem os trabalhos de Heinz Leymann (1996), o qual definiu este problema como um conjunto de comp...

Estruturação de acervos imagéticos e acesso à informação : estudo de instituições de memória no Chile e Argentina

OpenAIRE

Di Pietro, Laila Figueiredo

2014-01-01

A preservação da memória, além de um direito humano, é uma obrigação da própria sociedade, que deve se estruturar para organizar e conservar os acervos documentais que garantem esse processo. O documento fotográfico é representativo e possui valor testemunhal. A massa de fotografias sobre as épocas de repressão nos diversos países da América do Sul se constitui como importante elemento de prova de violações dos direitos humanos e condutas de regimes militares, contribuindo para novas narrativ...

O Direito Fundamental à Proteção do Patrimônio Público Econômico

OpenAIRE

Dutra, Graciele Neto Cardoso Lins

2016-01-01

Tese de doutoramento em Direito, na especialidade de Direito Público, apresentada à Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra O contexto contemporâneo marcado por crises financeiras, corrupção e malversação dos recursos públicos revela um cenário de violações ao patrimônio público. A necessidade de salvaguardar o patrimônio é de suma importância, uma vez que o comprometimento inadequado dos bens públicos, além de causar uma estagnação no desenvolvimento dos países, desestabilizando o...

Contrato psicológico e desempenho organizacional: o caso dos Serviços Centrais do Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo

OpenAIRE

Lima, Ana Patrícia Quintas

2014-01-01

Mestrado em Gestão das Organizações: Ramo de Gestão de Empresas (parceria com a APNOR) na Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão do Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo O objetivo principal deste estudo consiste em caracterizar o contrato psicológico dos colaboradores dos Serviços Centrais do Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, quanto às dimensões “rutura” e “violação” do respetivo contrato e explorar a sua eventual relação com desempenho organizacional, num momento de...

A Operação Condor e os Direitos Humanos na América Latina

OpenAIRE

Fraga, Gerson Wasen; Mahlke, Helisane

2011-01-01

O artigo trata sobre a proteção dos Direitos Humanos na América Latina e sua violação durante a repressão exercida pelas Ditaduras que vigoravam na região durante as décadas de sessenta e setenta. Para tanto, tem-se como ponto central dessa discussão a Operação Condor, realizada entre Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai, Uruguai e Chile, analisando seu contexto político e sua atuação na supressão dos opositores dos regimes ditatoriais vigentes. Palavras-Chave: Anistia; Direitos Humanos; Política Inte...

Ostensive-inferential processes in excerpts of interpretation of the Maria da Penha Law: a case study

OpenAIRE

Rauen, Fábio José; Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina; Souza Ribeiro, Ana Cláudia; Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina

2016-01-01

Neste artigo, analisamos, conforme a Teoria da Conciliação de Metas, de Rauen (2014), e a Teoria da Relevância, de Sperber e Wilson (1986, 1995), processos ostensivo-inferenciais em excertos de interpretação da Lei 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2006, da coletânea de Campos (2011) “Lei Maria da Penha comentada em uma perspectiva jurídico-feminista”. Especificamente, consideramos o capítulo “Da violência contra a mulher como uma violação de direitos humanos – artigo 6º”, de Dias e Reinheimer. Concl...

Alívio e tensão: um estudo sobre a interpretação e a aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha nas Delegacias de Defesa da Mulher e Distritos Policiais da Seccional de Polícia de Santo André - São Paulo

OpenAIRE

Marilda de Oliveira Lemos

2010-01-01

A violência contra a mulher constitui uma violação dos direitos humanos e das liberdades fundamentais. Em 2006, o governo brasileiro aprovou a Lei 11.340 Lei Maria da Penha - que coíbe a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher. Apesar do esforço que vem sendo feito por órgãos governamentais e não governamentais, a implantação da Lei Maria da Penha tem encontrado resistências. Alguns representantes do Poder Judiciário advogam a inconstitucionalidade da Lei. A interpretação e aplicabili...

Protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional em cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Nassif,Denise Serpa Bopp; Malafaia,Osvaldo; Nassif,Paulo Afonso Nunes; Kuretzki,Carlos Henrique; Lucas,Ricardo Wallace das Chagas; Pinto,José Simão de Paula

2011-01-01

RACIONAL: A obesidade é doença multifatorial. A coleta de dados exerce papel fundamental para realização de pesquisas de alto grau de qualidade e, na atualidade, a cirurgia da obesidade carece de meios para realização de pesquisas prospectivas com elevado nível de confiabilidade. Os dados obtidos em protocolos eletrônicos são mais completos, têm poucos erros, são mais consistentes e apresentam baixo percentual de violação em relação aos prontuários de papel. OBJETIVO: 1) Criar base teórica de...

Um estudo multimodal de peças publicitárias de escolas de idiomas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia Mara de Carvalho Costa Leite

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente artigo é observar como os modos semióticos são utilizados na construção de textos publicitários de escolas de idiomas, com foco na língua inglesa. Pretende-se, tomando os elementos semióticos de construção de textos publicitários como ponto de partida, perceber quais são as práticas discursivas que vem à tona, bem como, os mecanismos de persuasão e a representação do aluno no jogo discursivo. Para tanto, busca-se o embasamento teórico na teoria da gramática do design visual (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 1996; JEWITT; OYAMA, 2001, combinados a alguns pressupostos teóricos da Análise crítica do discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001, para análise da modalidade visual e verbal, respectivamente. A fim de se realizar uma leitura crítica, serão utilizados textos de Carmagnani (2001, 2008 e Coracini (2007. O corpus é constituído por dez anúncios publicitários retiradas do site Google datadas de 2010.

Efeito da violação de pressuposições da metodologia de modelos mistos na avaliação genética animal Effect of assumption violations of the mixed model methodology on the genetic evaluation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Fonseca

2001-02-01

Full Text Available Estudos de simulação foram conduzidos para verificar o efeito da violação de pressuposições da metodologia de modelos mistos, variâncias genéticas conhecidas sem erro e distribuição normal dos erros aleatórios sobre os ganhos genéticos obtidos durante 10 gerações de seleção. Outros parâmetros, como valor fenotípico e acurácia, também foram avaliados. Inicialmente, foi simulado um genoma constituído de uma única característica quantitativa governada por 500 locos. O genoma foi utilizado na construção de uma população-base, na qual a característica quantitativa possuía herdabilidade inicial de 0,10. Para se obter uma estrutura de parentesco a partir das populações-base, foi gerada uma população inicial a partir da qual o processo de seleção teve início e os erros nos componentes de variâncias e as distribuições dos efeitos de ambiente foram introduzidos. Para pressuposição de que a variância genética era conhecida, utilizaram-se as intensidades de erro de 0%, -10%, -30%, -50%, 10%, 30% e 50%, enquanto que para a pressuposição de que a distribuição dos erros aleatórios era normal, utilizaram-se as distribuições normal, exponencial, poisson e uniforme. A cada geração foram selecionados 20 machos e 100 fêmeas, acasalados ao acaso, cada macho acasalado com cinco fêmeas, produzindo cinco descendentes por acasalamento. Esse processo foi repetido 30 vezes para minimização dos efeitos da flutuação gênica. Para a primeira pressuposição, não foi verificado efeito das intensidades de erro, aplicadas ao componente de variância genética aditiva sobre o ganho genético durante as 10 gerações de seleção. O mesmo resultado foi verificado para a distribuição dos erros aleatórios, ou seja, não houve influência de diferentes distribuições nos ganhos genéticos verificados.Simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of two assumption violations of the methodology of mixed models

Using pattern recognition to automatically localize reflection hyperbolas in data from ground penetrating radar

Science.gov (United States)

Maas, Christian; Schmalzl, Jörg

2013-08-01

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is used for the localization of supply lines, land mines, pipes and many other buried objects. These objects can be recognized in the recorded data as reflection hyperbolas with a typical shape depending on depth and material of the object and the surrounding material. To obtain the parameters, the shape of the hyperbola has to be fitted. In the last years several methods were developed to automate this task during post-processing. In this paper we show another approach for the automated localization of reflection hyperbolas in GPR data by solving a pattern recognition problem in grayscale images. In contrast to other methods our detection program is also able to immediately mark potential objects in real-time. For this task we use a version of the Viola-Jones learning algorithm, which is part of the open source library "OpenCV". This algorithm was initially developed for face recognition, but can be adapted to any other simple shape. In our program it is used to narrow down the location of reflection hyperbolas to certain areas in the GPR data. In order to extract the exact location and the velocity of the hyperbolas we apply a simple Hough Transform for hyperbolas. Because the Viola-Jones Algorithm reduces the input for the computational expensive Hough Transform dramatically the detection system can also be implemented on normal field computers, so on-site application is possible. The developed detection system shows promising results and detection rates in unprocessed radargrams. In order to improve the detection results and apply the program to noisy radar images more data of different GPR systems as input for the learning algorithm is necessary.

Título da página electrónica: Proyecto Desaparecidos. Por la memória y la justicia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

António Sousa Ribeiro

2012-10-01

Full Text Available O Projecto Desaparecidos, animado por diversos organismos e activistas de direitos humanos, tem por objectivo preservar o direito à memória das vítimas do terrorismo de Estado na América Latina e no mundo. Contém informações pormenorizadas, não apenas sobre as vítimas, mas também sobre os perpetradores, responsáveis por sequestros, assassínios, actos de tortura e um sem‑número de violações dos direitos humanos nas últimas décadas um pouco por todo o mundo. A página, disponível também em versã...

Uma definição natural de energia cinética e potencial em termodinâmica

OpenAIRE

Ferreira,G.F. Leal

2007-01-01

Na tentativa de tornar a termodinâmica mais familiar e sem violação do seu formalismo, define-se a partir de expressão do diferencial da energia, já incorporando as conseqüências da 2 Lei, o diferencial da energia cinética como associado às variações de temperatura a volume constante e o de energia potencial às de volume, à temperatura constante. A comparação entre os diferenciais é realizada pela normalização das variações de temperatura e de volume às de pressão. Ver-se-á que na fase gasosa...

Alpha Decay of Even-Even Superheavy Nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oudih, M.R.; Hamza, Y.; Fellah, M.; Allal, N.H.; Fellah, M.; Allal, N.H.

2011-01-01

Alpha decay properties of even-even superheavy nuclei with 112.Z.120 have been investigated using the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach. The method is based on the SkP Skyrme interaction and the Lipkin-Nogami prescription for treating the pairing correlations. The alpha decay energies are extracted from the binding energies and then used for the calculation of the decay half-lives using a formula similar to that of Viola-Seaborg. The parameters of the formula were obtained through a least square fit to even-even heavy nuclei taken from the tables of Audi- Wapstra and some more recent references. The results are compared with other theoretical evaluations.

The analysis of predictability of recent alpha decay formulae and the alpha partial half-lives of some exotic nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dasgupta-Schubert, N.; Reyes, M. A.; Tamez, V. A.

2009-01-01

Alpha decay is one of the two main decay modes of the heaviest nuclei, (SHE), and constitutes one of the dominant decay modes of highly neutron deficient medium mass nuclei ('exotics'). Thus identifying and characterizing the alpha decay chains form a crucial part of the identification of SHE. We report the extension of the previously developed method for the detailed and systematic investigation of the reliability of the three main extant analytical formulae of alpha decay half-lives: the generalized liquid drop model based formula of Royer et al. (FR), the Sobiczewski modified semi-empirical Viola-Seaborg formula (VSS) and the recent phenomenological formula of Sobiczewski and Parkhomenko (SP).

Identificação criminal por perfil genético (Lei nº 12.654/12): análise sob a ótica do princípio da proporcionalidade e sua relevância para a atuação do Ministério Público.

OpenAIRE

Augusti, Mariana

2016-01-01

O interesse coletivo por segurança pública, aliado à necessidade de adequação do Direito às novas tecnologias, faz surgir inúmeros debates acerca dos limites impostos à atuação do Estado no combate à criminalidade. Nesse contexto, a edição da Lei nº 12.654/12, que prevê a instituição da identificação criminal por perfil genético e a criação de bancos de dados dessa natureza, tem originado discussões acerca da constitucionalidade dessas medidas ante a suposta violação de direitos individuais. ...

Potential for yield in red clover (Trifolium pratense L. varieties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vasiljević Sanja

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Red clover (Trifolium pratense L. is botanically a perennial, although it often behaves as a biennial. The crop usually lives 2 to 3 seasons in most clover-growing regions of the world and is generally conceded to be lacking in persistence. The objective of this investigation was to analyze the production potential and persistence of domestic and imported red clover varieties. Experiments were conducted at Rimski Šančevi Experiment Field during the period 2004-2006. The experimental materials were six varieties (K-17, Kolubara, Una, Viola, Start, Nike which were analyzed for the most important production characteristics: yield of green mass, dry matter yield and persistence. .

ADOLESCENTES EM CONFLITO COM A LEI NO CONTEXTO DE DESIGUALDADES: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A COMUNICAÇÃO E O DIREITO NA SOCIEDADE

OpenAIRE

Azevedo, Kátia Simone; Reboucas, Gabriela Maia

2017-01-01

Este artigo explora o tema do adolescente em conflito com a lei a partir da relação entre os meios de comunicação e o direito em um contexto de desigualdades. Enquanto espaço hegemônico de informação e representante de um modelo de desenvolvimento a serviço do consumo e da violência, a mídia nega os direitos humanos ao promover um cenário de violações por meio do qual o sensacionalismo da notícia inviabiliza um projeto social coletivo comprometido com a formação cidadã. Do ponto de vista meto...

Jean Frémon/Rue du Regard

OpenAIRE

Mokhtari, Sylvie

2012-01-01

La prose de Jean Frémon sur la peinture se déploie ici en 48 courts textes, dont une bonne moitié d’entre eux avait déjà connu une première édition dans des revues. Abordés isolément, les œuvres de Bill Viola, David Hockney, Antoni Tàpies, Gilles Aillaud, Roy Lichtenstein… sont soumises à la traduction littéraire qu’en donne le « regardeur de tableau, jardinier, journalier, vagabond » et écrivain. J. Frémon chemine entre art et littérature à la rencontre d’artistes qui l’interpellent dans l’H...

Vórtices en teoría de campos y en cosmología

OpenAIRE

Manias, María Virginia

1989-01-01

Para encuadrar los aportes de esta Tesis notemos que no bien fueron descubiertos los monopolos, se encontraron generalizaciones que además de carga magnética tenían carga eléctrica. Las propiedades físicas de tales soluciones son muy peculiares. Por ejemplo, si bien a nivel clásico solo la carga magnética está cuantificada, cuánticamente también la carga eléctrica resulta un múltiplo de la carga unidad. La inclusión de un "término q" que viola paridad en el Lagrangiano de la teoría produce el...

Breves comentários sobre a questão da tortura enquanto prática imprescritível e violadora dos direitos humanos

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William Eufrásio Nunes Pereira

2015-11-01

Full Text Available A tortura, enquanto ato de impor a terceiros sofrimentos físicos e/ou psicológicos para obtenção de respostas a questões que se deseja respondidas, sempre foi uma forma corriqueira entre os humanos. Esse ato se tornou mais danoso quando assumiu a dimensão institucionalizada por parte do leviatã. Forma usual, mas em decadência com a ocorrência do desenvolvimento social, político, econômico e jurídico do Século XX. Esse trabalho apresenta uma sucinta discussão sobre a tortura enquanto violação dos direitos humanos. Mostra que contra essa violação os organismos internacionais elaboraram convenções, normas, tratados e protocolos que visam  reduzir, quando não extinguir a pratica de atos violentos contra os direitos da humanidade, em especial, contra a vida. Relata que o Brasil assinou as convenções, mas vem apresentando uma sensível lentidão na implementação de mecanismo que efetivamente coíbam a pratica da tortura. No entanto, os mecanismos criados têm forçado ao ajustamento das normas e mecanismos internos as demandas sociais potencializados pelos foros internacionais, em particular, a Corte internacional de Direitos Humanos. A metodologia constituiu-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos sobre o tema em tela. Conclui com a constatação de que ainda irá demorar muito para o Brasil ajustar e tornar efetiva a ação dos mecanismos de combate a tortura, garantindo a plenitude dos direitos da humanidade, em especial o de não ser torturado.

Faces in places: humans and machines make similar face detection errors.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernard Marius 't Hart

Full Text Available The human visual system seems to be particularly efficient at detecting faces. This efficiency sometimes comes at the cost of wrongfully seeing faces in arbitrary patterns, including famous examples such as a rock configuration on Mars or a toast's roast patterns. In machine vision, face detection has made considerable progress and has become a standard feature of many digital cameras. The arguably most wide-spread algorithm for such applications ("Viola-Jones" algorithm achieves high detection rates at high computational efficiency. To what extent do the patterns that the algorithm mistakenly classifies as faces also fool humans? We selected three kinds of stimuli from real-life, first-person perspective movies based on the algorithm's output: correct detections ("real faces", false positives ("illusory faces" and correctly rejected locations ("non faces". Observers were shown pairs of these for 20 ms and had to direct their gaze to the location of the face. We found that illusory faces were mistaken for faces more frequently than non faces. In addition, rotation of the real face yielded more errors, while rotation of the illusory face yielded fewer errors. Using colored stimuli increases overall performance, but does not change the pattern of results. When replacing the eye movement by a manual response, however, the preference for illusory faces over non faces disappeared. Taken together, our data show that humans make similar face-detection errors as the Viola-Jones algorithm, when directing their gaze to briefly presented stimuli. In particular, the relative spatial arrangement of oriented filters seems of relevance. This suggests that efficient face detection in humans is likely to be pre-attentive and based on rather simple features as those encoded in the early visual system.

Cello

Science.gov (United States)

Bynum, Eric; Rossing, Thomas D.

The violoncello, or cello, is a member of the violin family of string instruments, but it is distinctly different from the violin. Its strings are tuned to C2, G2, D3, and A3, an octave below the viola and a twelfth (octave plus a fifth) below the violin. Although the strings vibrate at one-third the frequency of those on a violin, the length and width of its body are closer to twice rather than to three times those of the violin. Increased rib height and relatively thinner construction help to keep the resonances sufficiently low for bass enhancement. An exploded view of a cello is shown in Fig. 14.1.

Título da página electrónica: The Children and Armed Conflict Unit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gilberto C. Oliveira

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Esta página refere‑se a um projecto desenvolvido em conjunto pela The Children’s Legal Centre, uma organização não‑governamental britânica, e a Universidade de Essex. O objectivo da página é tornar público o impacto dos conflitos armados sobre as crianças. Nesse sentido, são divulgadas, de forma regular e actualizada, as notícias sobre conflitos, violação dos direitos humanos e questões humanitárias que afectam as crianças em todo o mundo. Essas notícias são arquivadas desde 1999 e os casos m...

Real-Time Head Pose Estimation on Mobile Platforms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jianfeng Ren

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Many computer vision applications such as augmented reality require head pose estimation. As far as the real-time implementation of head pose estimation on relatively resource limited mobile platforms is concerned, it is required to satisfy real-time constraints while maintaining reasonable head pose estimation accuracy. The introduced head pose estimation approach in this paper is an attempt to meet this objective. The approach consists of the following components: Viola-Jones face detection, color-based face tracking using an online calibration procedure, and head pose estimation using Hu moment features and Fisher linear discriminant. Experimental results running on an actual mobile device are reported exhibiting both the real- time and accuracy aspects of the developed approach.

Euro Banknote Recognition System for Blind People.

Science.gov (United States)

Dunai Dunai, Larisa; Chillarón Pérez, Mónica; Peris-Fajarnés, Guillermo; Lengua Lengua, Ismael

2017-01-20

This paper presents the development of a portable system with the aim of allowing blind people to detect and recognize Euro banknotes. The developed device is based on a Raspberry Pi electronic instrument and a Raspberry Pi camera, Pi NoIR (No Infrared filter) dotted with additional infrared light, which is embedded into a pair of sunglasses that permit blind and visually impaired people to independently handle Euro banknotes, especially when receiving their cash back when shopping. The banknote detection is based on the modified Viola and Jones algorithms, while the banknote value recognition relies on the Speed Up Robust Features (SURF) technique. The accuracies of banknote detection and banknote value recognition are 84% and 97.5%, respectively.

A permanência dos princípios judaico-cristãos do perdão e da pena no atual direito penal brasileiro

OpenAIRE

João Franco Muniz da Rocha

2007-01-01

Este trabalho estuda a partir do Deuteronômio a permanência de princípios da Lei da Aliança, de origem divina, e posta à obediência do povo escolhido na lei penal brasileira.. Considerada como uma lei natural, por já estar no coração de cada um, ela dirigiu o destino do povo judeu com base em um equilíbrio social obtido com a concessão do perdão quando da violação da lei. O Decálogo, especialmente nos mandamentos que dizem respeito às relações entre os homens, assume o papel de um projeto de ...

RECURSO AO LEGISLADOR: CONSIDERAÇÕES EM TORNO DO CONTROLE LEGISLATIVO AO PODER JUDICIÁRIO (UM EPITÁFIO À PEC Nº33)

OpenAIRE

Dettmam, Deborah; Matos, Nelson Juliano Cardoso

2017-01-01

Este artigo discute se o recurso ao povo ou ao legislador, como instrumento de resolução dos conflitos entre os poderes, viola a separação de poderes e a independência do poder judiciário ou se, antes disso, dá fiel execução à separação de poderes. Para alcançar esse objetivo, esse artigo investiga se existe relação entre o recurso ao legislador e os regimes autoritários; se a Constituição Federal de 1988 proíbe outro guardião constitucional, que não o Supremo Tribunal Federal, e quais as con...

Strygerspillets fænomenologi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Øyvind Lyngseth

2015-03-01

Full Text Available What characterizes the relationship between the reflexive/derivative/analytic and the unthematized/prior/immersed interpretative engagement with a string instrument (violin, viola, cello and double-bass in praxis? In this article, the phenomenological investigation of this relationship brings into light some unclear aspects of Heidegger’s discrimination between the ‘ready-to-hand’ and the ‘present-at-hand’ distinction in Being and Time. Furthermore, this analysis provides the background for some fundamental and extremely important nomenological instrumental-pedagogical reflections, which have not been adequately addressed in previous or current instrumental-pedagogical literature. Hence, this article examines some basic phenomenological insights and illustrates the importance and usefulness of these insights in future instrumental-pedagogical research.

The South Lawn: Sociological aspects of the local identity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Radu Gabor

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The ultras phenomenon is represented by the gallery of the “Politehnica Timisoara” football team and identifies itself with thename “ Commando Viola Ultra Curva Sud”. This phenomenon is not at all new and its analysis represents a radiography of thewhite-violet ultras group. The purpose of the present paper is to analyze the timisoarean ultras model and specific means ofencouraging the football team, the type of messages sent, characteristics and peculiarities of the group. The inquiry,observation and questionnaire method represented the means through which the research data has been acquired. It hasbeen found that encouraging this phenomenon has strong influences upon the group, for the most majority this kind ofmanifestation representing a way of living, with consequences on the individual’s personality.

Research Design

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2019-01-01

Gunnar Scott Reinbacher (editor) Antology.  Research Design : Validation in Social Sciences. Gunnar Scott Reinbacher: Introduction. Research design and validity. 15p Ole Riis: Creative Research design. 16 p Lennart Nørreklit: Validity in Research Design. 24p Gitte Sommer Harrits: Praxeological...... Scott Reinbacher: Multidisciplinary Research Designs in Problem Based Research. The case of an european project on chronical diseases, the Tandem project (Training Alternmative Networking Skills in Diabetes Management). 15p Niels Nørgaard Kristensen: A qualitative bottom up approach to post modern...... knowledge: An integrated strategy for combining "explaining" and "understanding". 22p Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen & Viola Burau: Comparative research designs. 40p Rasmus Antoft & Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen: Studying organizations by a Pragmatic Research Design: the case of qualitative case study  designs. 31p...

Violência física contra a criança : fatores de risco e proteção e padrões de interação na família

OpenAIRE

Villas Boas, Ana Carolina Villares Barral

2014-01-01

A violência física contra a criança na família tem despertado muitos debates sobre as práticas de socialização das gerações mais novas e a violação dos direitos da criança. A violência física atinge milhares de famílias, e muitos casos ocorrem em situações em que os pais punem os filhos como forma de educá-los. Diversas pesquisas apontam para fatores de risco relacionados a esse tipo de violência, tais como a experiência dos pais na família de origem, suas crenças sobre a punição física e a d...

Euro Banknote Recognition System for Blind People

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larisa Dunai Dunai

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the development of a portable system with the aim of allowing blind people to detect and recognize Euro banknotes. The developed device is based on a Raspberry Pi electronic instrument and a Raspberry Pi camera, Pi NoIR (No Infrared filter dotted with additional infrared light, which is embedded into a pair of sunglasses that permit blind and visually impaired people to independently handle Euro banknotes, especially when receiving their cash back when shopping. The banknote detection is based on the modified Viola and Jones algorithms, while the banknote value recognition relies on the Speed Up Robust Features (SURF technique. The accuracies of banknote detection and banknote value recognition are 84% and 97.5%, respectively.

Violações por violência de direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leticia Gramazio Soares

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Objective: to describe the violations of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents through violence. Methods: cross-sectional study of notifications of violations collected from the Information System on Protection to Children and Adolescents. Descriptive and analytical analyses were carried out by means of Chisquare tests for associations. Results: among the notifications, 61.2% were related to family and community living; 18.3% to education, culture, sport and leisure; 11.5% to freedom, respect and dignity; 8.5% to life and health; and 0.5% to professionalization and protection at work. There were 541 notifications making reference to violence, which included: 47.5% of sexual nature; white girls, 6 to 12 years old, and students, as main victims; and family members as the main perpetrators. Gender, age and schooling were associated with sexual violence. Conclusion: the fundamental rights of children and adolescents have been violated in most cases by the occurrence of violence of sexual, psychological, and physical nature, and negligence.

A simple photometric factor in perceived depth order of bistable transparency patterns.

Science.gov (United States)

Fukiage, Taiki; Oishi, Takeshi; Ikeuchi, Katsushi

2014-05-05

Previous studies on perceptual transparency defined the photometric condition in which perceived depth ordering between two surfaces becomes ambiguous. Even under this bistable transparency condition, it is known that depth-order perceptions are often biased toward one specific interpretation (Beck, Prazdny, & Ivry, 1984; Delogu, Fedorov, Belardinelli, & van Leeuwen, 2010; Kitaoka, 2005; Oyama & Nakahara, 1960). In this study, we examined what determines the perceived depth ordering for bistable transparency patterns using stimuli that simulated two partially overlapping disks resulting in four regions: a (background), b (portion of right disk), p (portion of left disk), and q (shared region). In contrast to the previous theory that proposed contributions of contrast against the background region (i.e., contrast at contour b/a and contrast at contour p/a) to perceived depth order in bistable transparency patterns, the present study demonstrated that contrast against the background region has little influence on perceived depth order compared with contrast against the shared region (i.e., contrast at contour b/q and contrast at contour p/q). In addition, we found that the perceived depth ordering is well predicted by a simpler model that takes into consideration only relative size of lightness difference against the shared region. Specifically, the probability that the left disk is perceived as being in front is proportional to (|b - q| - |p - q|) / (|b - q| + |p - q|) calculated based on lightness.

Actual state of plant decline phenomena due to acid rain and others

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koshiji, Masashi

1992-01-01

Kanagawa Prefecture presents diversified aspects in its topography and weather from Sagami Bay to the highest point, Hirugatake (1673 m) in Tanzawa mountains, with plain, terrace, hill and mountain. When the state of forest areas is observed, evergreen broadleaf tree forests are in coastal areas and to the inland of 700 - 800 m elevation. Deciduous broadleaf tree forests are in the mountains exceeding 700 - 800 m. Further, fir and Japanese hemlock trees distribute in the area where both forests adjoin. At present, from terraces and hills to mountains, the plantations of Japanese cedar, Hinoki cypress and pine trees and the secondary forests of oak trees are seen. The decline of Japanese cedar trees in this Prefecture was first seen around 1960, and it was investigated in 1972 by dividing the tree form into five steps corresponding to the degree of decline. The progress of the decline, and the outline of fir tree forest in Oyama and its decline are reported. The secular change of growth ring width is utilized as the recorder of environmental change in the past such as weather, natural calamity and atmospheric pollution. The analysis of the course of decline using growth rings was carried out. The relation of the decline of forests to atmospheric pollution, and the decline of Japanese beech and fir trees in Tanzawa mountains are reported. (K.I.)

Scaffolded biology.

Science.gov (United States)

Minelli, Alessandro

2016-09-01

Descriptions and interpretations of the natural world are dominated by dichotomies such as organism vs. environment, nature vs. nurture, genetic vs. epigenetic, but in the last couple of decades strong dissatisfaction with those partitions has been repeatedly voiced and a number of alternative perspectives have been suggested, from perspectives such as Dawkins' extended phenotype, Turner's extended organism, Oyama's Developmental Systems Theory and Odling-Smee's niche construction theory. Last in time is the description of biological phenomena in terms of hybrids between an organism (scaffolded system) and a living or non-living scaffold, forming unit systems to study processes such as reproduction and development. As scaffold, eventually, we can define any resource used by the biological system, especially in development and reproduction, without incorporating it as happens in the case of resources fueling metabolism. Addressing biological systems as functionally scaffolded systems may help pointing to functional relationships that can impart temporal marking to the developmental process and thus explain its irreversibility; revisiting the boundary between development and metabolism and also regeneration phenomena, by suggesting a conceptual framework within which to investigate phenomena of regular hypermorphic regeneration such as characteristic of deer antlers; fixing a periodization of development in terms of the times at which a scaffolding relationship begins or is terminated; and promoting plant galls to legitimate study objects of developmental biology.

Analysis of early bacterial communities on volcanic deposits on the island of Miyake (Miyake-jima), Japan: a 6-year study at a fixed site.

Science.gov (United States)

Fujimura, Reiko; Sato, Yoshinori; Nishizawa, Tomoyasu; Nanba, Kenji; Oshima, Kenshiro; Hattori, Masahira; Kamijo, Takashi; Ohta, Hiroyuki

2012-01-01

Microbial colonization on new terrestrial substrates represents the initiation of new soil ecosystem formation. In this study, we analyzed early bacterial communities growing on volcanic ash deposits derived from the 2000 Mount Oyama eruption on the island of Miyake (Miyake-jima), Japan. A site was established in an unvegetated area near the summit and investigated over a 6-year period from 2003 to 2009. Collected samples were acidic (pH 3.0-3.6), did not utilize any organic substrates in ECO microplate assays (Biolog), and harbored around 106 cells (g dry weight)(-1) of autotrophic Fe(II) oxidizers by most-probable-number (MPN) counts. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, and the Leptospirillum groups I, II and III were found to be abundant in the deposits by clone library analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The numerical dominance of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was also supported by analysis of the gene coding for the large subunit of the form I ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO). Comparing the 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from samples differing in age, shifts in Fe(II)-oxidizing populations seemed to occur with deposit aging. The detection of known 16S rRNA gene sequences from Fe(III)-reducing acidophiles promoted us to propose the acidity-driven iron cycle for the early microbial ecosystem on the deposit.

Investigating the health care delivery system in Japan and reviewing the local public hospital reform

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhang X

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Xing Zhang, Tatsuo Oyama National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan Abstract: Japan's health care system is considered one of the best health care systems in the world. Hospitals are one of the most important health care resources in Japan. As such, we investigate Japanese hospitals from various viewpoints, including their roles, ownership, regional distribution, and characteristics with respect to the number of beds, staff, doctors, and financial performance. Applying a multivariate analysis and regression model techniques, we show the functional differences between urban populated prefectures and remote ones; the equality gap among all prefectures with respect to the distribution of the number of beds, staff, and doctors; and managerial differences between private and public hospitals. We also review and evaluate the local public hospital reform executed in 2007 from various financial aspects related to the expenditure and revenue structure by comparing public and private hospitals. We show that the 2007 reform contributed to improving the financial situation of local public hospitals. Strategic differences between public and private hospitals with respect to their management and strategy to improve their financial situation are also quantitatively analyzed in detail. Finally, the remaining problems and the future strategy to further improve the Japanese health care system are described. Keywords: health care system, health care resource, public hospital, multivariate regression model, financial performance

Study on iron metabolism in children using double labelling of 51Cr and 59Fe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kobayashi, Masatsura

1974-01-01

In the children before and after treatment for iron deficiency anemia and those on ingesting a long-term low caloric and iron diet, life span of Ashby Technique 1/2(AST) red cells, circulatory blood volume (CBV), plasma iron disappearance(PID), red cell-iron utility(RCIU), plasma-iron turnover rate(PITR), and red cell-ironturnover rate(RCITR) were respectively determined using double labeling of 51 Cr and 59 Fe, and the following results and conclusions were obtained: In the patients with iron deficiency anemia, the rate of RCIU was highly increased, and simultaneously the shortening in AST was observed. Among the children with the iron deficiency anemia, five patients were examined immediately after the improvement on the anemia by iron drugs; the serum iron (SFe) averaged 74μg/ml. So the erthropiesis appeared to recover to normal, yet AST has hardly changed, still more has it shortened. In five children with celebral palsy associated with disturbance of physical development, who had ingested a long-term liquid low iron diet no evident increase of RCIU was found except for high calues of RCITR. The shortening in AST was not entirely seen in contrast with that of the simple alimentary iron deficiency anemia. Besides the CBV measured par kg of weight showed the remarkable increase. (Oyama, S.)

Bioactive compounds in edible flowers processed by radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koike, Amanda Cristina Ramos

2015-01-01

Edible flowers are increasingly being used in culinary preparations, being also recognized for their potential valuable effects in human health, which require new approaches to improve their conservation and safety. These highly perishable products should be grown without using any pesticide. Irradiation treatment might be the answer to these problems, ensuring food quality, increasing shelf-life and disinfestation of foods. Irradiation treatment might be the answer to these problems, to ensure food quality, to increase shelf-life and disinfestation of foods. Tropaeolum majus L. (nasturtium) and Viola tricolor L. (johnny-jump-up) flowers are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their antioxidant properties and high content of phenolics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of gamma and electron beam irradiation (doses of 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1 kGy) on the antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, physical aspects and antiproliferative potential of edible flowers. Kaempferol-O-hexoside-O-hexoside was the most abundant compound in all samples of Tropaeolum majus flower while pelargonidin-3-O-sophoroside was the major anthocyanin. In general, irradiated samples gave higher antioxidant activity, probably due to their higher amounts of phenolic compounds, which were also favored by the 1.0 kGy dose, regardless of the source . The Viola tricolor samples displayed flavonols as the most abundant phenolic compounds, particularly those derived from quercetin. In general, gamma-irradiated samples, independently of the applied dose, showed higher amounts in phenolic compounds, which were also favored by the 1.0 kGy dose, regardless of the source. The antioxidant activity was also higher among irradiated samples. The two species of edible flowers have not provided the samples did not show potential antiproliferative and cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the applied irradiation treatments seemed to represent a feasible technology

Bioactive compounds in edible flowers processed by radiation; Compostos bioativos em flores comestiveis processadas por radiacao

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koike, Amanda Cristina Ramos

2015-07-01

Edible flowers are increasingly being used in culinary preparations, being also recognized for their potential valuable effects in human health, which require new approaches to improve their conservation and safety. These highly perishable products should be grown without using any pesticide. Irradiation treatment might be the answer to these problems, ensuring food quality, increasing shelf-life and disinfestation of foods. Irradiation treatment might be the answer to these problems, to ensure food quality, to increase shelf-life and disinfestation of foods. Tropaeolum majus L. (nasturtium) and Viola tricolor L. (johnny-jump-up) flowers are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their antioxidant properties and high content of phenolics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of gamma and electron beam irradiation (doses of 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1 kGy) on the antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, physical aspects and antiproliferative potential of edible flowers. Kaempferol-O-hexoside-O-hexoside was the most abundant compound in all samples of Tropaeolum majus flower while pelargonidin-3-O-sophoroside was the major anthocyanin. In general, irradiated samples gave higher antioxidant activity, probably due to their higher amounts of phenolic compounds, which were also favored by the 1.0 kGy dose, regardless of the source . The Viola tricolor samples displayed flavonols as the most abundant phenolic compounds, particularly those derived from quercetin. In general, gamma-irradiated samples, independently of the applied dose, showed higher amounts in phenolic compounds, which were also favored by the 1.0 kGy dose, regardless of the source. The antioxidant activity was also higher among irradiated samples. The two species of edible flowers have not provided the samples did not show potential antiproliferative and cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the applied irradiation treatments seemed to represent a feasible technology

Traffic Sign Detection System for Locating Road Intersections and Roundabouts: The Chilean Case.

Science.gov (United States)

Villalón-Sepúlveda, Gabriel; Torres-Torriti, Miguel; Flores-Calero, Marco

2017-05-25

This paper presents a traffic sign detection method for signs close to road intersections and roundabouts, such as stop and yield (give way) signs. The proposed method relies on statistical templates built using color information for both segmentation and classification. The segmentation method uses the RGB-normalized (ErEgEb) color space for ROIs (Regions of Interest) generation based on a chromaticity filter, where templates at 10 scales are applied to the entire image. Templates consider the mean and standard deviation of normalized color of the traffic signs to build thresholding intervals where the expected color should lie for a given sign. The classification stage employs the information of the statistical templates over YCbCr and ErEgEb color spaces, for which the background has been previously removed by using a probability function that models the probability that the pixel corresponds to a sign given its chromaticity values. This work includes an analysis of the detection rate as a function of the distance between the vehicle and the sign. Such information is useful to validate the robustness of the approach and is often not included in the existing literature. The detection rates, as a function of distance, are compared to those of the well-known Viola-Jones method. The results show that for distances less than 48 m, the proposed method achieves a detection rate of 87.5 % and 95.4 % for yield and stop signs, respectively. For distances less than 30 m, the detection rate is 100 % for both signs. The Viola-Jones approach has detection rates below 20 % for distances between 30 and 48 m, and barely improves in the 20-30 m range with detection rates of up to 60 % . Thus, the proposed method provides a robust alternative for intersection detection that relies on statistical color-based templates instead of shape information. The experiments employed videos of traffic signs taken in several streets of Santiago, Chile, using a research platform implemented at

A não linearidade entre a reação de quem copia e de quem é copiado

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edson H. Watanabe

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiências relacionadas ao problema de violação de direitos autorais de terceiros, bem como algumas medidas adotadas pela Coppe da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, de forma a coibir possíveis problemas nessa área, incluindo medidas formais e educativas. O título sugere que o tema ainda é pouco esclarecido entre os alunos (e professores de graduação e pós-graduação, sendo comum a reação totalmente não linear entre quem copia ou quem é copiado. Conclui-se o trabalho com algumas sugestões sobre medidas a serem adotadas para se eliminar (minimizar problemas de plágios e conscientizar dos problemas de integridade na pesquisa.

O desenvolvimento da sexualidade de crianças em situação de risco

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Karen Murakami Yano

2011-12-01

Full Text Available O estudo teve como objetivo retratar e analisar o desenvolvimento da sexualidade de crianças em situação de risco. Quarenta e duas crianças, de 6 a 12 anos, foram entrevistadas aos pares, utilizando-se técnicas facilitadoras de comunicação. Empregou-se o método qualitativo descritivo-exploratório, segundo Análise de Conteúdo Temática. A falta de orientação e de informação, as referências e fontes inadequadas de conhecimento e a violação de seus direitos caracterizaram o percurso da sexualidade dessas crianças. Fora dos contos de fadas, elas descobriram a dicotomia entre amor e sexo, sendo este associado a eventos violentos.

ASPECTOS RELEVANTES DO INSTITUTO DA INVERSÃO DO ÔNUS DA PROVA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Alberto Mendes Bezerra Júnior

2017-04-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho pretende contribuir, ainda que minimamente, com o mundo jurídico, no que diz respeito ao instituto da inversão do ônus da prova, previsto no art. 6º, VIII do Código Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor, sob o enfoque do Direito Constitucional. Além de abordar o alcance dos requisitos impostos por esse dispositivo legal, o estudo trata do momento em que a inversão do ônus da prova deve ocorrer no processo civil, trazendo novas luzes a respeito, mormente como reforço à tese da regra de julgamento, que, ao invés de corresponder a uma violação do princípio constitucional do devido processo legal, fortalece-o dentro de nosso ordenamento jurídico.

Screening of 33 Medicinal Plants for the Microelements Content

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ducu Sandu Ştef

2010-05-01

Full Text Available The microelements content of 33 medicinal plants was analyzed. The analysed microelements were: Iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, chromium, nickel, cadmium and lead. Mineral contents were determinate by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS with high resolution continuum source ContrAA 300 spectrometer. The contents in microelements for analysed samples were in range: 18.1 ppm (Symphytum officinale - 1.4 ppm (Rhamnus frangula, for Copper; 26,2 ppm (Valeriana officinalis – 4,3 ppm (Rhamnus frangula, for Zinc; 214 ppm. (Violae tricoloris herba - 18 ppm (Equisetum arvense, for Manganese; 826 ppm (Calendula officinalis - 23 ppm (Rhamnus frangula, for Iron. The microelements contents (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb have grouped the analyzed medicinal plants in two main clusters. First main cluster was formed by other two groups.

Filogeografía del complejo Caesalpinia hintonii: (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Poincianella Phylogeography of the Caesalpinia hintonii complex (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Poincianella

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange Sotuyo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A pesar del crecido número de estudios que se ha realizado para explorar la estructura genética y filogeográfica en especies mexicanas, hay carencia de estudios para especies de selva baja, zonas con alto grado de endemismo. Para un mejor entendimiento de dichas áreas se realizó un estudio filogeográfico y el fechamiento de las especies del complejo Caesalpinia hintonii distribuido en la depresión del río Balsas y el valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. Se determinó la estructura filogeográfica del complejo analizando las secuencias de 4 regiones de plastidio (intrón trnL, espaciador trnL-F, espaciador psbA-trnH y espaciador accD-psaI en todas las poblaciones disponibles. Se estimó la fecha del origen del complejo mediante un método no paramétrico (NPRS. Las diversidades haplotídicas (0.64-1 y las diferencias nucleotídicas (3.8-11.52 en todas las especies fueron altas respecto a valores registrados para otras plantas. Las poblaciones de C. oyamae, morfológicamente indistintas están genéticamente estructuradas y presentan 3 haplogrupos donde el flujo génico entre ellos es bajo y se consideraron entidades crípticas. Las poblaciones de C. hintonii son un grupo genéticamente homogéneo a pesar de ser morfológicamente distintas. Las poblaciones de C. macvaughii forman 2 linajes divergentes entre los que existe flujo génico (Nm=1.41. Los eventos de divergencia en 2 grandes linajes al este y oeste del río Balsas pueden explicarse por eventos geológicos. Los resultados indican que el complejo se encuentra bajo divergencia y en algunos casos radiación morfostática.Although many phylogeographic studies have been conducted to analyze the genetic and phylogeographic structure of Mexican species, such studies are nearly absent for plants of dry seasonal forest, precincts with high level of endemism. To better understand this areas, we undertook a phylogeographic study and dating were carried out on the Caesalpinia hintonii complex

Viola elatior, V. pumila and V. stagnina in Austria, Czechia and Slovakia: a story of decline

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Danihelka, Jiří; Niklfeld, H.; Šípošová, H.

2009-01-01

Roč. 81, č. 2 (2009), s. 151-171 ISSN 0032-7786 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LC06073 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60050516 Keywords : changes in frequency * conservation * herbarium Subject RIV: EF - Botanics Impact factor: 2.638, year: 2009 http://www.ibot.cas.cz/preslia/P092Danihelka.pdf

Inferring species networks from gene trees in high-polyploid North American and Hawaiian violets (Viola, Violaceae)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Marcussen, T.; Jakobsen, K. S.; Danihelka, Jiří; Ballard, H. E.; Blaxland, K.; Brysting, A. K.; Oxelman, B.

2012-01-01

Roč. 61, č. 1 (2012), s. 107-126 ISSN 1063-5157 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LC06073 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60050516 Institutional support: RVO:67985939 Keywords : allopolyploidy * BEAST * homoeolog loss Subject RIV: EF - Botanics Impact factor: 12.169, year: 2012

Laranja Mecânica: violência ou violação? Clockwork Orange: violence or violation?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Menezes

1997-10-01

Full Text Available O artigo investiga o filme Laranja Mecânica de Stanley Kubrick, realizado em 1971. Ao contrário das análises tradicionais, que buscam ver nesse filme um libelo contra a violência - ou, curiosamente, uma apologia desta mesma violência -, propõe-se uma interpretação que caminha em direção dos fundamentos visuais que constroem no espectador essa percepção de "violência", ressaltando-se aí primordialmente os valores que são colocados em questão pelas imagens que o filme nos mostra. Propõe-se, portanto, um redirecionamento analítico de um filme muito visto e discutido, explicitando-se outros elementos em jogo, bem como a maneira pelas quais esses elementos são expostos aos olhos do público, construindo-se, então, uma nova dimensão de significados inesperadosThe article analyzes the film Clockwork Orange by Stanley Kubrick, made in 1971. In opposition to the traditional analyses which try to see this film as a libel against violence - or curiously, an apology for this same violence -, the purpose here is to give an interpretation which follows the visual fundaments that render the spectator this perception of "violence", emphasizing there mainly the values put into evidence by the images the film shows us. Consequently an analytical redirectioning of well-watched and discussed film is suggested, and other fundamental elements are brought to light as well as the manner by which these elements are exposed to the audience, in order to build up a new dimension of unexpected meanings.

Clasificación del reflejo óculo-cardiaco por la desviación centesimal de viola

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Luis Rubén Paz B.

1947-09-01

Full Text Available Desde mucho tiempo antes, habían notado los observadores, las modificaciones reflejas de las funciones vegetativas causadas por la excitación de algún nervio sensitivo y aun habían deducido de esta observación, aplicaciones prácticas, como la cura operatoria de las lesiones nasales en el tratamiento de algunos casas de asma (W. Hack a explicaciones patogénicas, como la atribución del sincope del principio de la anestesia por inhalación a la brusca irritación de las terminaciones sensitivas de la pituitaria (Knoll y Kratschmer.

Eugenia vinculada a aspectos bioéticos: uma revisão integrativa

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Vanessa Cruz Santos

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo é analisar o que versam as produções científicas sobre eugenia, vinculando-as com aspectos bioéticos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. Os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados Lilacs e SciELO, por meio dos descritores: eugenia, etnia e saúde, ética e bioética. Para a análise e posterior síntese dos artigos foi utilizada figura sinóptica. Verificou-se que a eugenia viola os direitos humanos, contradiz com o princípio da solidariedade e coloca em risco a diversidade humana. Conclui-se que houve déficit de artigos que abordem aspectos bioéticos vinculados à eugenia, assim, este estudo poderá contribuir para a reflexão sobre essa articulação.

Reflexões sobre o processo histórico-discursivo do uso da legítima defesa da honra no Brasil e a construção das mulheres

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Margarita Danielle Ramos

2012-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-026X2012000100004 O presente artigo busca compreender, à luz da teoria de gênero, como, ainda hoje, nos julgamentos de assassinatos de mulheres a prerrogativa da legítima defesa da honra tem sido usada na defesa do réu como tentativa de reversão da pena de homicídio qualificado. Para tanto, fizemos um estudo dos códigos da legislação vigente no Brasil relacionados ao tema de nosso trabalho desde o período colonial até os dias de hoje. O trabalho procura mostrar como o assassinato das mulheres é o final de uma rede de violações contra elas que tem seu início na forma como as mulheres são produzidas pelo discurso.

O DIREITO À MEMÓRIA E À VERDADE NO BRASIL PÓS-DITADURA CIVIL-MILITAR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Artur Gallo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo analisa em que consiste, como surge e quais as possibilidades de concretização do “direito à memória e à verdade” na realidade brasileira. Concebido como mecanismo de reconciliação das sociedades que tenham passado por experiências traumáticas (assim chamadas em virtude da reiterada violação aos direitos humanos que foi consumada nas mesmas, este direito consiste, basicamente, no resgate da memória e da verdade dos fatos referentes às trajetórias daqueles que foram perseguidos e/ou mortos pelo regime autoritário vigente. No caso brasileiro, verifica-se que a memória e a verdade enquanto direitos tem sido pouco a pouco melhor tratadas, contudo, segue-se enfrentando sérios obstáculos à sua efetivação.

El tren de cristal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Orejudo

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La historia de la literatura está escrita por los desobedientes, por los escritores que no respetaron las normas de los géneros que cultivaron. Por eso es tan habitual que las grandes obras literarias, las verdaderas innovaciones, sufran en un primer momento la incomprensión del lector. La primera reacción del lector cuando toma entre sus manos una novela adscrita a un género determinado que sin embargo viola los elementos que definen tal género, es de rechazo. Algo de esto sucede con El tren de cristal, la primera novela de José María Pérez Collados, que se ofrece como novela de campus, y que al mismo tiempo se salta las reglas del género en el que aparentemente se inscribe.

Assistência religiosa no sistema socioeducativo: a visão dos operadores do direito

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Simões

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o direito à assistência religiosa dos adolescentes privados de liberdade no estado Rio de Janeiro. A partir da identificação de várias formas de violação desse direito no sistema socioeducativo fluminense, foi organizada uma pesquisa com os atores do sistema judiciário, a saber: juízes, defensores públicos, promotores e um representante do Conselho Estadual de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente. O foco da pesquisa foi identificar a concepção de assistência religiosa desses atores e verificar se os mesmos tinham domínio da legislação. A pesquisa foi realizada em 2010 e demonstrou que os membros do judiciário contatados se encontravam pouco preparados para lidar com o direito à assistência religiosa dos adolescentes.

Kant y el Neoconstitucionalismo

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Ana María Brusa

2010-07-01

Full Text Available En el pensamiento político de Kant hallamos una linea que lo recorre en toda su extensión y profundidad, línea que une dos núcleos centrales: paz y libertad. Paz como aspiración máxima de la Naturaleza, libertad como condición esencial del ser humano preexistente a la formación de la sociedad civil.Nos proponemos en estas páginas, en primer lugar detenernos en las ideas que sobre la guerra y la paz, Kant insistentemente propone, así como también destacar en modo particular, su nítido concepto de la libertad.  En un segundo tramo expondremos la visión actual de dos autores italianos: Francesco Viola y Gustavo Zagrebelsky sobre temas relativos al neo-constitucionalismo que pueden vincularse al temario expuesto por Kant.

Cerebral involvement in pseudoxanthoma elasticum; case report

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Eylem Değirmenci

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE is a rarely seen connective tissue disease which is characterized by progressive fragmentation and calcification of elastic fibers. Generally it is characterized by cutaneus, ocular and vascular system involvement and neurological complications are usually secondary to vascular insufficiency. 43 years old male patient had a progressive dysarthria, ataxia and vision loss which started many years ago referred to our clinic. Loose skin was seen on bilateral his axillar region and neck with atrophic, pale viola macular lesions on his body. There was “angiloid streaks” on fundus examination and skin biopsy showed calcified degenerated elastic fibers on middle and deep dermis. Diffuse white matter lesions were determined on cranial imaging. To keep in mind the diagnosis of rare diseases would be helpful in early diagnosis and treatment, reducing and even preventing systemic complications.

Impact of fungicides on weed growth

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nordmeyer, Henning

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The study has shown that fungicides influence the growth of weeds. The competition against crops will be substantially reduced. Bioassays in a climate chamber variation in temperature as well as different lightning phases and microplot trials under semi field levels were carried out to investigate the influence of fungicides on weed growth. Selected weed species (Alopecurus myosuroides, Viola arvensis, Galium aparine, Stellaria media, Lamium purpureum have been examined with different dose rates of fungicides (Adexar, Bravo 500, Diamant, Crupozin flüssig. Weed species showed a different sensitivity. There were leaf discoloration, contractions and growth inhibition. In some cases using common practise dose rates of fungicides more than 70% growth inhibition could be estimated 14 days after application in comparison to the untreated control. Effects were much stronger in bioassays than in semi field trials.

Research report on promotion of geothermal energy exploitation for fiscal 1997. Fluid geochemical research (No.B-6 Tsujinodake district); 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Ryutai chikagaku chosa hokokusho (No.B-6 Tsujinodake chiiki)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-07-01

The research covers the Tsujinodake district spreading over Yamakawa-cho and Ibusuki-shi, Kagoshima Prefecture. Hot spring water in the district is of the neutral Cl type, heated mainly by conduction and containing seawater. The thermal water layer of the highest geothermal potential exists in the vicinity of the Nishi district of Ibusuki-shi. It spreads widely in the westward part and may be linked with the Unagiike district. The temperature of the deep-seated thermal water layer is estimated at 220-230 degrees C, yet it may be higher. In addition to the layer in the vicinity of the Nishi and Unagiike districts, there is a shallow-seated hot spring aquifer in the Nagasakibana district, where the deep-seated thermal water is probably prevented from lifting in the presence of an aquiclude. In the Narikawa district, possibilities are low that the thermal water just beneath will come up. As for hot spring water in the Oyama and Okachogamizu districts, there are no signs of high-temperature thermal water infiltration. In these two districts, it appears that hot spring water is heated by conduction over a large area. For the disclosure of linkage of hot water systems and deep-seated geothermal structures which cannot be detected by geochemical investigations conducted into hot spring water, etc., it is necessary to resort to geological and geophysical researches, and to carry out test drilling. (NEDO)

Daughters of the Dust (Julie Dash, 1991, le récit d’esclave revisité

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Delphine Letort

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Julie Dash dédie Daughters of the Dust aux femmes de la communauté noire, animée par le désir de lever le voile sur les secrets d’une histoire commune transformée en tabou par le silence qui entoure le concept de féminité à l’époque de l’esclavage. Le film se concentre sur la famille Peazant dont les membres sont divisés à la veille de migrer vers le nord : certains craignent l’éclatement de la famille (Nana tandis que d’autres l’envisagent comme un renouveau (Viola, Haagar. Julie Dash utilise la figure de la migration pour explorer les complexités de l’identité afro-américaine. Tout en permettant aux femmes de faire face aux dilemmes les plus intimes (viol, couleur de peau, grossesse, sexualité, rôles féminins/masculins, la réalisatrice s’efforce de faire mentir les stéréotypes hollywoodiens de femmes noires. Elle se tourne vers le passé non seulement pour y puiser une source d’inspiration et de création, mais elle évoque avec nostalgie une vie tribale idéalisée qui n’a jamais existé sinon dans l’imaginaire des Afrocentristes.Julie Dash dedica Daughters of the Dust a las mujeres de la comunidad negra, estimulada por el deseo de desvelar los secretos de una historia común, transformada en tabú por el silencio que rodea el concepto de feminidad en la época de la esclavitud. La película se articula en torno a la familia Peazant cuyos miembros están divididos entre ellos en vísperas de emigrar hacia el norte. Algunos temen la disgregación de la familia (Nana, mientras que para otros es una oportunidad de renovación (Viola, Haagar. Julie Dash utiliza la figura de la emigración para explorar la complejidad, en toda su diversidad, de la identidad afroamericana. La realizadora trata de desmentir los estereotipos hollywoodienses de mujeres negras y, de manera paralela, permite a las mujeres el enfrentarse a los dilemas más íntimos (violación, color de la piel, embarazo, sexualidad, roles

Japan: Overview of activities on Neutron Imaging (NI) and Cultural Heritage (CH) studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki

2012-01-01

The pulsed neutron imaging using the time-of-flight method can give structural information on materials by using the characteristic features of the wavelength dependent neutron transmission. The crystal structure (lattice spacing), crystallite size, and preferred orientation in metal materials are investigated by analyzing the Bragg edge shapes and the elements by the resonance absorption peaks. Such information is important for characterizing the steels and other metal products, and only our group has the data analysis code for deducing such information. It is useful to apply the pulsed neutron imaging to the cultural heritages since the method helps to understand smithing and smelting processes of the specimens. The transmission method gives position dependent information and the diffraction gives complemental and more detailed data for the crystal structures and the textures. Therefore, the combined use of these methods is very useful for studying rigorously the crystal structure of cultural heritage samples. We have already collaborated with the Italian group for this direction, since the group has been performing the diffraction study. Therefore, we promote the research collaboratively for comprehensive and rigorous understanding of the crystallographic characteristics of the cultural heritages and archaeological specimens. The main object of this study is to obtain comprehensive crystallographic information of the cultural heritages and archaeological specimens. The main object of this study is to obtain comprehensive crystallographic information of the cultural heritages and the smithing and the smelting. To obtain such outcomes we are planning to perform mainly the pulsed neutron imaging using NOBORU at J-PARC, HUNS at Hokkaido University and INES at ISIS. We are the only group that can obtain the crystallographic images by using the pulsed neutron experiments coupled with the data analysis code we developed. In parallel we improve the Bragg edge analysis

Fishers' knowledge on the coast of Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Begossi, Alpina; Salivonchyk, Svetlana; Lopes, Priscila F M; Silvano, Renato A M

2016-06-01

Although fishers' knowledge has been recently considered into management programmes, there is still the need to establish a better understanding of fishers' perceptions and cognition. Fishers can provide novel information on the biology and ecology of species, which can potentially be used in the management of fisheries. The knowledge fishers have and how they classify nature is empirically based. It is common, for example, to observe that fishers' taxonomy is often represented by the generic level, one of the hierarchical categories of folk classification that is somewhat analogous to the Linnean genus, as it groups organisms of a higher rank than the folk species.In this study we compiled the knowledge fishers have on local fish, such as their folk names, diet and habitat. Five coastal communities widely distributed along the Brazilian coast were studied: two from the northeast (Porto Sauípe and Itacimirim, in Bahia State, n of interviewees = 34), two from the southeast (Itaipu at Niterói and Copacabana at Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State, n = 35) and one from the south coast (Pântano do Sul, in Santa Catarina State, n = 23). Fish pictures were randomly ordered and the same order was presented to all interviewees (n = 92), when they were then asked about the species name and classification and its habitat and diet preferences. Fishers make clusters of fish species, usually hierarchically; fishers of the coast of Brazil use mostly primary lexemes (generic names) to name fish; and fishers did not differentiate between scientific species, since the same folk generic name included two different scientific species. Fishers provide information on species to which there is scarce or no information on diet and habitat, such as Rhinobatos percellens (chola guitarfish, arraia viola or cação viola), Sphoeroides dorsalis (marbled puffer, baiacu), Mycteroperca acutirostris (comb grouper, badejo) and Dasyatis guttata (longnose stingray, arraia, arraia

Human ear detection in the thermal infrared spectrum

Science.gov (United States)

Abaza, Ayman; Bourlai, Thirimachos

2012-06-01

In this paper the problem of human ear detection in the thermal infrared (IR) spectrum is studied in order to illustrate the advantages and limitations of the most important steps of ear-based biometrics that can operate in day and night time environments. The main contributions of this work are two-fold: First, a dual-band database is assembled that consists of visible and thermal profile face images. The thermal data was collected using a high definition middle-wave infrared (3-5 microns) camera that is capable of acquiring thermal imprints of human skin. Second, a fully automated, thermal imaging based ear detection method is developed for real-time segmentation of human ears in either day or night time environments. The proposed method is based on Haar features forming a cascaded AdaBoost classifier (our modified version of the original Viola-Jones approach1 that was designed to be applied mainly in visible band images). The main advantage of the proposed method, applied on our profile face image data set collected in the thermal-band, is that it is designed to reduce the learning time required by the original Viola-Jones method from several weeks to several hours. Unlike other approaches reported in the literature, which have been tested but not designed to operate in the thermal band, our method yields a high detection accuracy that reaches ~ 91.5%. Further analysis on our data set yielded that: (a) photometric normalization techniques do not directly improve ear detection performance. However, when using a certain photometric normalization technique (CLAHE) on falsely detected images, the detection rate improved by ~ 4%; (b) the high detection accuracy of our method did not degrade when we lowered down the original spatial resolution of thermal ear images. For example, even after using one third of the original spatial resolution (i.e. ~ 20% of the original computational time) of the thermal profile face images, the high ear detection accuracy of our method

Spatial correlation between weed species densities and soil properties

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walter, Mette; Christensen, Svend; Simmelsgaard, Svend Erik

2002-01-01

The spatial cross-correlation between weed species densities and six soil properties within fields was analysed using cross-semivariograms. The survey was carried out in three successive years in two fields. The most consistent relationship between weed species density (numbers m−2) and soil...... properties was negative cross-correlation between the density of Viola arvensis Murray and clay content. This correlation was found in both fields; however, the range of spatial dependence varied between fields. In one of the fields, the density of Lamium purpureum L. was positively cross......-correlated with the phosphorus content in the soil in all years. The density of Veronica spp. and Poa annua L. was negatively cross-correlated with pH in all three years. Other spatial cross-correlations that were found in this study were inconsistent over time or field site. The densities of some of the weed species were...

Microscopic description of the competition between spontaneous fission and α -decay in neutron-rich Ra, U and Pu nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodríguez-Guzmán, R; Robledo, L M

2017-01-01

Constrained mean-field calculations, based on the Gogny-D1M energy density functional, have been carried out to describe fission in Ra, U and Pu nuclei with neutron number 144 ≤ N ≤ 176. Fission paths, collective masses and zero-point quantum vibrational and rotational corrections are used to compute the spontaneous fission half-lives. We also pay attention to isomeric states along the considered fission paths. Alpha decay half-lives have also been computed using a parametrization of the Viola-Seaborg formula. Though there exists a strong variance of the predicted fission rates with respect to the details involved in their computation a robust trend is obtained indicating, that with increasing neutron number fission dominates over α -decay. Our results also suggest that a dynamical treatment of pairing correlations is required within the microscopic studies of the fission process in heavy nuclear systems. (paper)

Transnacionalidade dos princípios da não-violação de privacidade na internet

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Rachel Benedelli

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo esclareceralguns mitos em relação à internet, principalmentesobre que não se poderia ter uma regulamentaçãodo Estado e que haveria liberdade absoluta nesseespaço. Então, como conseqüência desses mitos,a internet poderia ser usada de maneira indevida,causando uma aparente desordem nessa rede, comoa vulneração à intimidade, que leva à ofensa à honrados indivíduos. No entanto, é apresentado, aqui,que o ciberespaço tem mais regulamentos do quese supunha, haja vista que os princípios discutidosestão presentes na maioria dos EstadosDemocráticos de Direito.This article has as objective to clarifysome myths in relation to the internet, mainly onthat if it could not have a regulation of the Stateand that would have absolute freedom in thisspace. Then, as consequence of this myth, theInternet is used in improper way, causing anapparent clutter in this net, as the vulneração tothe privacy, that it leads to the offence to thehonor of the individuals. However, it is presented,here, that net has more regulations of what wasassumed, it has seen that the principles arguedhere are gifts in the majority of the DemocraticStates of Right.

O erro médico e a violação às normas e prescrições em saúde: uma discussão teórica na área de segurança do paciente Medical errors and violation of rules and standards in health: a theoretical discussion in the area of patient safety

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Nadia Bomfim do Nascimento

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Em 1999, o relatório do Instituto de Medicina (IOM, ao apontar que há significativa ocorrência de eventos adversos e que mais da metade dessas ocorrências eram ocasionadas por erro médico, suscitou inúmeras ações e pesquisas na área de Segurança do Paciente. As infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS, um dos problemas enfrentados na área, é alvo de pesquisas que intentam criar procedimentos e estratégias no sentido de prevenir tais eventos. A higienização de mãos, por ser a medida mais simples no controle das IRAS e, paradoxalmente, a que possui mais baixo índice de adesão entre os médicos, é alvo de inúmeros programas e campanhas. A necessidade de reversão do quadro apontado tem gerado extensa literatura que, entre outros, identifica barreiras e fatores de risco para a baixa adesão a normas e procedimentos de higienização de mãos, como também busca compreender os aspectos comportamentais envolvidos. Este artigo apresenta alguns modelos teóricos explicativos voltados para a compreensão da dinâmica comportamental que envolve a consecução do erro e da violação e realiza uma análise com possibilidades à depreensão do processo. Por fim, considera-se que os modelos explicativos apresentados, conjuntamente, trazem contribuições passíveis de aplicação na prática e que a identificação e compreensão dos mecanismos de defesa coletivos levariam aos fatores que se encontram em jogo na baixa adesão aos procedimentos de higienização de mãos por parte dos médicos, a despeito das evidências existentes.In 1999, the report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM, pointed that there are significant adverse events and that more than half of these occurrences were caused by medical errors, provoking numerous actions and research on Patient Safety. Infections related to health care (IRAS, one of the problems faced in the area, are the subject of research that attempt to create procedures and strategies to

Advanced tokamak research with integrated modeling in JT-60 Upgrade

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayashi, N.

2010-01-01

Researches on advanced tokamak (AT) have progressed with integrated modeling in JT-60 Upgrade [N. Oyama et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 104007 (2009)]. Based on JT-60U experimental analyses and first principle simulations, new models were developed and integrated into core, rotation, edge/pedestal, and scrape-off-layer (SOL)/divertor codes. The integrated models clarified complex and autonomous features in AT. An integrated core model was implemented to take account of an anomalous radial transport of alpha particles caused by Alfven eigenmodes. It showed the reduction in the fusion gain by the anomalous radial transport and further escape of alpha particles. Integrated rotation model showed mechanisms of rotation driven by the magnetic-field-ripple loss of fast ions and the charge separation due to fast-ion drift. An inward pinch model of high-Z impurity due to the atomic process was developed and indicated that the pinch velocity increases with the toroidal rotation. Integrated edge/pedestal model clarified causes of collisionality dependence of energy loss due to the edge localized mode and the enhancement of energy loss by steepening a core pressure gradient just inside the pedestal top. An ideal magnetohydrodynamics stability code was developed to take account of toroidal rotation and clarified a destabilizing effect of rotation on the pedestal. Integrated SOL/divertor model clarified a mechanism of X-point multifaceted asymmetric radiation from edge. A model of the SOL flow driven by core particle orbits which partially enter the SOL was developed by introducing the ion-orbit-induced flow to fluid equations.

La ocurrencia del artículo definido en construcciones partitivas

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María Mare

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Una de las propiedades que presentan las construcciones partitivas es la denominada Condición de Anti-unicidad (ver Jackendoff 1977, Kayne 1994, Barker 1998, i.e., se trata de estructuras indefinidas. Sin embargo, hay una serie de datos que parecen poner en cuestión la condición mencionada: (1 las construcciones partitivas en las variedades antiguas de las lenguas romances, que presentan la secuencia determinante definido + numeral (Esp.Ant. los dos de los soldados y (2 en español actual, aparece el determinante definido cuando el cuantificador es más o menos (los más de los estudiantes. En este trabajo nos proponemos demostrar que ninguna de estas construcciones viola la Condición de Anti-unicidad y que la presencia del determinante es el resultado de que el movimiento del cuantificador a la posición de Especificador del SD no tuvo lugar.

Perception of orchestral musicians about work environment and conditions

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Clarissa Stefani Teixeira

2014-04-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to investigate the perception of 11 orchestral string (viola and violin musicians of both genders with respect to their work environment and conditions. We applied a questionnaire with demographic information and the scale Profile of Work Environment and Working Conditions by Nahas et al. (2009, which analyzes the following components: physical environment, social environment, development and professional achievement, salary and benefits, and social relevance. The social environment component presented the highest score - 8.00 (1.50 points, followed by professional achievement - 7.11 (1.96 points, and physical environment - 6.89 (0.93 points. The salary and benefits provided by the orchestra presented the lowest score - 6.78 (1.56 points. In general, the musicians showed positive perceptions of the components related to work environment and working conditions. However, remuneration and social relevance are work bases that could contribute to improve the working conditions of these professionals.

Virginia Apgar y la música de cuerdas

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Leonardo Palacios Sánchez

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Virginia Apgar (1909-1974 is one of the most recognized American doctors, worldwide known by his contribution as the developer of the “Apgar test” a method used for the evaluation of newborns all over the world. She had many interests. She was anesthesiologist, a brilliant teacher and researcher, but she also loved lecture, basketball, fishing, golf, philately, and music. She played violin and cello and she interpreted that instruments in various chamber groups. Being motivated by one of her patients, Carleen Hutchinson, a science and music teacher, she made fourinstruments, viola, violin, cello, and mezzo violin. Nearly twenty years of her death, on October24 1994, on the occasion of the annual meeting of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the issue by American Postal Service of a stamp honoring her, some of the preferred Dr. Apgar musicpieces where performed with the instruments she made. Her life mixed different activities and let invaluable contributions for humanity.

Electric Guitar and Violin

Science.gov (United States)

Gough, Colin

Almost all the instruments described in this book have their origins in historical cultures dating back over many centuries. In contrast, the electric guitar and violin are clearly twentieth-century innovations. They are products of the electronics age following invention of the rectifying thermionic valve (tube) by John Ambrose Fleming in 1904, the amplifying triode valve (tube) by Lee de Forest in 1907, and the vacuum-filled amplifying valve (tube) by Irving Langmuir in 1915. By 1916, such valves were already being used in radio receivers, and important advances were being made in microphone, amplifier, and loudspeaker design. This, and the increasingly wide distribution of mains electricity in the 1920s, provided the technology and infrastructure for the development of the electric guitar and violin and their lower-pitched relations - the bass guitar, viola, cello, and string-bass. Although we focus here on the electric guitar and violin, almost everything discussed in this chapter is also relevant to their lower-pitched relations.

The analysis of predictability of α-decay half-life formulae and the α partial half-lives of some exotic nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dasgupta-Schubert, N.; Reyes, M.A.; Tamez, V.A.

2009-01-01

The predictabilities of the three α-decay half-life formulae, the Royer GLDM, the Viola-Seaborg and the Sobiczewski-Parkhomenko formulae, have been evaluated by developing a method based on the ansatz of standard experimental benchmarking. The coefficients of each formula were re-derived using the reliable data of the α -standards nuclei. The modified formulae that resulted were used to evaluate the accuracies of the formulae towards the prediction of half-lives of a set of nuclides with well-studied α spectroscopic data as well as a set of exotic α emitters. Further, a simple linear optimisation of the modified formulae allowed adjustments for the insufficient statistics of the primary data set without changing the modified formulae. While the three modified formulae showed equivalent results for all the medium heavy nuclei except the odd-odd, the modified GLDM showed relatively the best figures of merit for the odd-odd and superheavy nuclides. (orig.)

EXPERIENCIAS RELACIONADAS A UNA INTERVENCIÓN PARA REDUCIR EL ESTIGMA RELACIONADO AL VIH/SIDA ENTRE ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA EN PUERTO RICO

Science.gov (United States)

Cintrón-Bou, Francheska; Varas-Díaz, Nelson; Marzán-Rodríguez, Melissa; Neilands, Torsten B.

2016-01-01

Existe estigma relacionado al VIH. A las personas con VIH/SIDA-PCVS se les viola sus derechos y obstaculiza su bienestar mental/físico. Profesionales de la salud-PS son fuente de apoyo primordial, sin embargo estos/as le estigmatizan. Es útil adiestrar a PS en relación al estigma social. Implantamos la intervención para reducir el estigma relacionado al VIH/SIDA con 507 estudiantes de medicina. Resultó ser una intervención efectiva, hubo reducción en los niveles de estigma a partir de nuestra intervención y diferencias significativas con el grupo control (p≤.05). Generar espacios de adiestramiento para atender el estigma relacionado al VIH/SIDA es pertinente para la psicología comunitaria porque colaboramos en la reducción de actitudes estigmatizantes que afectan adversamente la prevención de nuevas infecciones, la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral y la calidad de vida. PMID:27829690

Notas sobre o termo inicial dos juros de mora e o artigo 407 do Código Civil

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Gustavo Tepedino

2017-03-01

Full Text Available A definição do termo inicial dos juros de mora exige a adequada compreensão de sua função, tal seja, a de indenizar a vítima que fora indevidamente privada do capital que lhe era devido como decorrência da violação de dever obrigacional ou legal. Assumindo como premissa esta função, deve ser superada a dificuldade em se admitir a fluência de juros relacionados à obrigação que, resultando do inadimplemento, não possui objeto previamente determinado. Contabilizar os juros somente após a fixação do valor principal devido, por meio da leitura isolada do art. 407 do Código Civil, afigura-se incompatível com a função dos juros moratórios no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, bem como revela contrariedade à ratio do dispositivo mencionado, analisado no artigo sob perspectiva histórico-sistemática.

Neurological problems of famous musicians: the classical genre.

Science.gov (United States)

Newmark, Jonathan

2009-08-01

Neurological histories of great musicians allow for a unique perspective on music physiology. Bedrich Smetana's autobiographical string quartet ends with the musical equivalent of tinnitus in the fourth movement, rendering the youthful and passionate themes of earlier movements moot as the piece ends depicting his ultimately fatal disease, neurosyphilis. Dmitri Shostakovich survived the censorship of Joseph Stalin's apparatchiks but suffered a prolonged form of paralysis attributable to slowly progressive motor neuron disease, although the viola sonata he wrote on his deathbed has become standard repertoire. Glenn Gould was a hypochondriacal pianist with obsessive-compulsive disorder and suspected Asperger syndrome. Vissarion Shebalin and (Ira) Randall Thompson had strokes followed by aphasia without amusia. Domenico Scarlatti provides an example of how even great composers must alter their technical expectations depending upon the skills and body habitus of their chief patrons. The focal dystonia afflicting Leon Fleisher and Gary Graffman catalyzed the discipline of performing arts medicine.

Deus e o Diabo nos detalhes: a ética em Buber e Adorno God and the devil in details: ethics Buber and Adorno

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Kátia Mendonça

2003-01-01

Full Text Available A autora aborda a Violência a partir de uma perspectiva ''personalista e fenomenológica'', para que não fique restrita ao seu sentido usual, de violação da integridade física. O artigo toma as filosofias de M. Buber e T. Adorno como plataforma da reflexão, ambas preocupadas em estabelecer uma ''fenomenologia dos sentidos'', e compara suas conseqüências éticas, mostrando como um compreensão ampliada da Violência emerge desse ponto de vista.The author approaches Violence from a ''personalist and phenomenological'' perspective, so that the issue do not remain exclusevily referred to its usual sense, the violation of physical integrity. The article takes M. Buber and T. Adorno philosophies - both concerned with the construction of a ''phenomenology of sensibilities'' - as a support for its own elaboration, and compares their ethical implications, showing how a enlarged understanding of Violence rises from that point of view.

Aborto e saúde pública no Brasil: reflexões sob a perspectiva dos direitos humanos

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Karla Ferraz dos Anjos

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou descrever a relação entre aborto e saúde pública no Brasil, sob a perspectiva dos direitos humanos. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada na base de dados SciELO. Verificou-se que a busca de mulheres pelos seus direitos perdura por décadas e, mesmo alcançando várias conquistas, como as ocorridas na assistência à saúde da mulher, ainda são necessárias outras mudanças, como, por exemplo, na assistência preventiva da gravidez indesejada e no respeito aos direitos humanos de mulheres que desejam abortar. Conclui-se que, por conta da criminalização do aborto no País, diversas mulheres realizam este procedimento de forma insegura, provocando danos a sua própria saúde, o que se configura em uma violação dos direitos humanos.

Ancient Greek mythology mediated by Latin culture: On Vlastimir Trajković’s arion and Zephyrus returns

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Milin Melita

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Vlastimir Trajković (b. 1947 is a prominent Serbian composer with a strong inclination towards subjects from ancient Greek mythology. Among his most important achievements may be counted Arion - le nuove musiche per chitarra ed archi (1979 and Zephyrus returns for flute, viola and piano (2003. Two important aspects of those works are discussed in the present article: 1. the line that connects them to ancient Greek culture via French Modernism (Debussy, Ravel, Messiaen and Renaissance poetry and music (Petrarch, Caccini, Monteverdi; 2. modality, which has proved its vitality through long periods of the history of European music, beginning with ancient Greek modes, reaching its high point in the 16th century, and re-emerging at the beginning of the 20th century in different hybrid forms. Trajković is seen as a composer who has shaped his creative identity by exploring the rich musical heritage of the Latin European nations, especially the contributions of Debussy and Ravel.

Opinião pública, guerra e corrupção do poder público na filosofia política de Kant

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Francisco Jozivan Guedes de Lima

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Este artigo pretende investigar a concepção kantiana de opinião pública, que tem como pressuposto fundamental a inalienável tarefa crítico-deliberativa do cidadão perante a guerra e a corrupção do poder público, que advém da violação dos princípios normativos do contrato originário. A opinião pública em Kant é alicerçada em pressupostos morais, antropológicos, culturais, jurídicos e políticos e está vinculada à ideia republicana de Estado. De acordo com essa ideia, a decisão sobre a possibilidade da realização da guerra e o combate às injustiças, dentro do Estado de direito através de uma revolução negativa, é direito e dever dos cidadãos.

Weed flora in organically grown spring cereals in Finland

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J. SALONEN

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The weed flora in organically grown spring cereals was investigated in southern and central Finland in 1997-1999 with the primary purpose of determining the species composition and the level of weed infestation. Altogether 165 fields were surveyed in the middle of the growing season. A total of 126 weed species were found, of which 42 exceeded the frequency level of 10%. The most frequent weed species were Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, Galeopsis spp. and Viola arvensis. Elymus repens was the most frequent grass species. The average density of weeds was 469 plants m-2 (median 395, and the air-dry biomass was 678 kg ha-1 (median 567 which accounted for 17% of the total biomass of the crop stand. Infestation by Chenopodium album and the perennial species Elymus repens, Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis is of major concern. Weed control strategies should include direct control measures to overcome weed problems related to the conversion period from conventional to organic growing.

Allelopathic potential of Sapindus saponaria L. leaves in the control of weeds=Potencial alelopático de folhas de Sapindus saponaria L. no controle de plantas daninhas

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Denise Garcia Santana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts of young and mature leaves from Sapindus saponaria on diaspore germination and seedling growth of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli and morningglory (Ipomoea grandifolia. The aqueous extract was prepared in a proportion of 100 g of dried, ground leaves dissolved in 1000 mL of distilled water, resulting in a 10% extract concentrate. Dilutions of this concentrate were made with distilled water to 7.5, 5.0 and 2.5%. In seedling growth tests, we compared the effect of these extracts with the herbicide nicosulfuron. Both extracts of mature and young leaves caused delays and reductions in diaspore germination and seedling length of barnyardgrass and morningglory, with the most intense effects observed at a concentration of 10%. The effects of the young leaf extract were more similar to those observed with the herbicide, demonstrating that leaf maturation stage of S. saponaria affects its inhibitory effects on the growth of other plants and that this species is effective in controlling weeds.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial alelopático do extrato aquoso de folhas jovens e maduras de Sapindus saponaria (sabão-de-soldado na germinação de diásporos e no crescimento de plântulas de capim-arroz (Echinochloa crus-galli e corda-de-viola (Ipomoea grandifolia. O extrato aquoso foi preparado na proporção de 100 g de folhas secas e trituradas dissolvidas em 1000 mL de água destilada, produzindo-se o extrato considerado concentrado (10%. A partir deste, foram feitas diluições em água destilada para 7,5; 5,0 e 2,5%. No teste de crescimento de plântulas comparou-se o efeito desses extratos com o herbicida nicosulfuron. Os extratos de folhas maduras e jovens causaram atraso e redução na germinação dos diásporos e no comprimento das plântulas de capim-arroz e corda-de-viola, com efeitos mais intensos na concentração de 10%. No entanto, os

Differential decay of the East-African Antarctic Orogen : an integrated examination of Northeastern Mozambique

Science.gov (United States)

Ueda, K.; Jacobs, J.; Emmel, B.; Thomas, R. J.; Matola, R.

2009-04-01

In Northeastern Mozambique, the late Proterozoic - early Paleozoic East African-Antarctic Orogen can be subdivided into two major blocks that exhibit some relevant differences. The line of divide is represented by the Lurio Belt, a kinematically poorly constrained shear zone that also marks the conceptual northern limit of frequent late-tectonic granitoid intrusions. Moreover, far-travelled granulite-facies nappes cover a much larger area north of this belt (Viola et. al, 2008), giving rise to the assumption of different exhumation and present exposure levels. U/Pb data from previous surveys (e.g., Norconsult consortium, 2007) show coeval high-grade metamorphism in the whole region between c. 610 - 550 Ma, while the block south of the Lurio Belt also shows continuing metamorphism until c. 490 Ma that can be related to extension. Geothermobarometry for samples from within the Lurio Belt (Engvik et. al, 2007) indicates rapid exhumation after high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism and is consistant with the assumption of long tectonic activity. A possible model for the outlined pattern is the delamination of the orogenic root only in the southern part, followed by rapid mechanical thinning as well as by isostatic accommodation along the Lurio Belt. A valuable marker was identified in the metasedimentary Mecuburi group that overlies the southern basement. U/Pb analysis of detrital zircons have yielded a maximum deposition age of c. 600 Ma, while metamorphism is recorded until c. 505 Ma. Investigations of the relationship between metasediments and older basement show that the basal contact is a fairly preserved depositional contact, allowing to suppose a conjoint post-depositional evolution. It is notable that the timing of deposition shortly follows the onset of the main, widespread high-grade metamorphism. Relatively high but variable degrees of migmatisation in the Mecuburi Group require a phase of burial from surface to deep levels after 600 Ma, followed by

Drug diffusion and biological responses of arteries using a drug-eluting stent with nonuniform coating

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Saito N

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Noboru Saito, Yuhei Mori, Sayaka Uchiyama Terumo Corporation R&D Center, Inokuchi, Nakai-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa, Japan Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a nonuniform coating, abluminal-gradient coating (AGC, which leaves the abluminal surface of the curves and links parts of the stent free from the drug coating, on the diffusion direction of the drug and the biological responses of the artery to drug-eluting stent (DES by comparing the AGC-sirolimus stent and the conventional full-surface coating (CFC sirolimus stent. The study aimed to verify whether the AGC approach was appropriate for the development of a safer DES, minimizing the risks of stent thrombosis due to delayed endothelialization by the drug and distal embolization due to cracking of the coating layer on the hinge parts of the DES on stent expansion. In the in vitro local drug diffusion study, we used rhodamine B as a model drug, and rhodamine B released from the AGC stent diffused predominantly into the abluminal side of the alginate artery model. Conversely, rhodamine B released from the CFC stent quickly spread to the luminal side of the artery model, where endothelial cell regeneration is required. In the biological responses study, the luminal surface of the iliac artery implanted with the AGC-sirolimus stent in a rabbit iliac artery for 2 weeks was completely covered with endothelial-like cells. On the other hand, the luminal surface of the iliac artery implanted with the CFC-sirolimus stent for 2 weeks only showed partial coverage with endothelial-like cells. While thrombosis was observed in two of the three CFC-sirolimus stents, it was observed in only one of the three AGC-sirolimus stents. Taken together, these findings indicate that the designed nonuniform coating (AGC is an appropriate approach to ensure a safer DES. However, the number of studies is limited and a larger study should be conducted to reach a statistically

Neutron resonance transmission spectroscopy with high spatial and energy resolution at the J-PARC pulsed neutron source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tremsin, A.S., E-mail: ast@ssl.berkeley.edu [University of California at Berkeley, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Shinohara, T.; Kai, T.; Ooi, M. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2–4 Shirakata-shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Kamiyama, T.; Kiyanagi, Y.; Shiota, Y. [Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8628 (Japan); McPhate, J.B.; Vallerga, J.V.; Siegmund, O.H.W. [University of California at Berkeley, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Feller, W.B. [NOVA Scientific, Inc., 10 Picker Rd., Sturbridge, MA 01566 (United States)

2014-05-11

The sharp variation of neutron attenuation at certain energies specific to particular nuclides (the lower range being from ∼1 eV up to ∼1 keV), can be exploited for the remote mapping of element and/or isotope distributions, as well as temperature probing, within relatively thick samples. Intense pulsed neutron beam-lines at spallation sources combined with a high spatial, high-timing resolution neutron counting detector, provide a unique opportunity to measure neutron transmission spectra through the time-of-flight technique. We present the results of experiments where spatially resolved neutron resonances were measured, at energies up to 50 keV. These experiments were performed with the intense flux low background NOBORU neutron beamline at the J-PARC neutron source and the high timing resolution (∼20 ns at epithermal neutron energies) and spatial resolution (∼55 µm) neutron counting detector using microchannel plates coupled to a Timepix electronic readout. Simultaneous element-specific imaging was carried out for several materials, at a spatial resolution of ∼150 µm. The high timing resolution of our detector combined with the low background beamline, also enabled characterization of the neutron pulse itself – specifically its pulse width, which varies with neutron energy. The results of our measurements are in good agreement with the predicted results for the double pulse structure of the J-PARC facility, which provides two 100 ns-wide proton pulses separated by 600 ns, broadened by the neutron energy moderation process. Thermal neutron radiography can be conducted simultaneously with resonance transmission spectroscopy, and can reveal the internal structure of the samples. The transmission spectra measured in our experiments demonstrate the feasibility of mapping elemental distributions using this non-destructive technique, for those elements (and in certain cases, specific isotopes), which have resonance energies below a few keV, and with lower

Randomized Phase II trial of paclitaxel plus valproic acid vs paclitaxel alone as second-line therapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer

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Fushida S

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Sachio Fushida,1 Masahide Kaji,2 Katsunobu Oyama,1 Yasuo Hirono,3 Hideaki Nezuka,4 Toshiya Takeda,5 Tomoya Tsukada,1 Daisuke Fujimoto,3 Shigekazu Ohyama,6 Takashi Fujimura,7 Tetsuo Ohta1 On behalf of the Digestive Disease Support Organization (DDSO 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, 2Department of Surgery, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, 3First Department of Surgery, Fukui University Hospital, Fukui, 4Department of Surgery, Yatsuo General Hospital, Toyama, 5Department of Surgery, Ishikawa Matto Central Hospital, Hakusan, 6Department of Surgery, Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, 7Toyama City Hospital, Toyama, Japan Abstract: The standard regimen of second-line chemotherapy for patients with unresectable gastric cancer has not been established. However, weekly paclitaxel (wPTX has become the preferable second-line chemotherapy in Japan. Histone deacetylase (HDAC inhibitors have been shown to have antiproliferative activity through cell-cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. One HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA, also inhibits tumor growth by inducing apoptosis, and enhances the efficacy of paclitaxel in a mouse xenograft model of gastric cancer. wPTX plus VPA as a second-line chemotherapy is expected to improve survival in gastric cancer patients. A multicenter randomized Phase II study was conducted to compare the effects of wPTX plus VPA and wPTX alone. A total of 66 patients participated in this study. The primary end point of the study was overall survival, and secondary end points were progression-free survival, response rate, and assessment of peripheral neuropathy. Keywords: valproic acid, paclitaxel, second-line therapy, advanced gastric cancer 

Racismo e violação aos direitos humanos pela internet: estudo da Lei nº 7.716/89

OpenAIRE

Celso Eduardo Santos de Melo

2010-01-01

Este trabalho tem como objeto específico o estudo da Lei nº 7.716/89, sobretudo o artigo 20, relativo às condutas tipificadas como crime de racismo quando praticadas utilizando-se como meio de publicação a Internet. Diante desse desafio, foi preciso verificar o histórico da questão das relações raciais no Brasil, bem como as previsões atuais de proteção do Estado contra as formas de discriminação racial. Em vista do meio utilizado na prática de condutas delituosas, a internet, foi necessário ...

Assédio moral nos ambientes corporativos

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Yumara Lúcia Vasconcelos

Full Text Available Resumo:Esse artigo teve como objetivo caracterizar o assédio moral nos ambientes corporativos à luz do paradigma conceitual do que se concebe como "dignidade humana" e violação do princípio jurídico da boa-fé. Especificamente, visou identificar padrões na argumentação jurídica e no enquadramento de práticas nocivas à saúde mental do trabalhador. O estudo, de natureza qualitativa, tomou por base o estudo de situações jurídicas, orientando-se pela demanda por definição e caracterização da prática assediadora no âmbito organizacional e dos limites do conceito da dignidade humana. Como principal resultado, o estudo colocou em contraste a necessidade de contextualização do fato propulsor da denúncia e caracterização do assédio, sem olvidar a relevância do significado ou sentido atribuído pelo indivíduo ao fenômeno analisado.

Tempo e Trânsito na Experiência Subjetiva de Motoristas

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Ana Inez Oka Elvas de Lima

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa investiga como são percebidos e vivenciados o tempo e a pressa no trânsito por motoristas de Fortaleza, identificando e analisando seus estados subjetivos e comportamentos associados a essa experiência. Para a coleta de dados, organizaram-se quatro grupos focais, a partir dos quais emergiram diversos elementos relacionados ao tempo e à pressa e à incidência de comportamentos inadequados no trânsito, segundo o sexo e a idade dos participantes. Para analisar os dados obtidos nas discussões grupais utilizaram-se os critérios da Análise Clássica de Conteúdo. Os resultados levaram à conclusão de que a questão do tempo e da pressa constitui um potencial gerador de erros e violações na condução de veículos, pois exerce influência decisiva sobre os comportamentos dos motoristas e configura uma realidade importante para se compreender os fatores humanos envolvidos na dinâmica do trânsito e do ambiente urbano como um todo.

Atividade alelopática dos lixiviados de Asemeia extraaxillaris (Polygalaceae sobre o crescimento de Ipomoea cordifolia

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C.B. SILVA

2016-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade alelopática dos lixiviados das raízes e folhas secas de Asemeia extraaxillaris sobre o crescimento de corda de viola Ipomoea cordifolia em casa de vegetação, para avaliação dos efeitos sobre o estresse oxidativo. Nos bioensaios foram utilizadas três concentrações (0,25 - 5,00 e 10,00 g e um controle, com quatro repetições de 10 plantas, cultivadas em solo durante 30 dias. Os lixiviados possuem ação alelopática e o maior efeito foi verificado para o pó das raizes. O efeito inibitório foi dose-dependente e o aumento do estresse oxidativo foi observado pelos níveis da catalase, peroxidase, superóxido dismutase, glutationa redutase, peroxidação lipídica e síntese de formazan. Concluiu-se que A. extraaxillaris possui substâncias capazes de afetar a emergência, o crescimento e o estresse oxidativo de I. cordifolia.

Molecular investigations of the soil, rhizosphere and transgenic glufosinate-resistant rape and maize plants in combination with herbicide (Basta) application under field conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Ernst, Dieter; Rosenbrock-Krestel, Hilkea; Kirchhof, Gudrun; Bieber, Evi; Giunaschwili, Nathela; Müller, Rüdiger; Fischbeck, Gerhard; Wagner, Tobias; Sandermann, Heinrich; Hartmann, Anton

2008-01-01

A field study was conducted during 1994 to 1998 on the Experimental Farm Roggenstein, near Fürstenfeldbruck, Bavaria, Germany to determine the effect of transgenic glufosinate-resistant rape in combination with the herbicide Basta [glufosinate-ammonium, phosphinothricin, ammonium (2RS)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato) butyric acid] application on soil microorganisms and the behaviour of the synthetic transgenic DNA in response to normal agricultural practice. No influence of Basta on microbial biomass could be detected. The phospholipid fatty acid analysis of soil extracts showed no difference between Basta application and mechanical weed control, whereas conventional herbicide application revealed a different pattern. Basta application resulted in a changed population of weeds with a selective effect for Viola arvensis. During senescence, transgenic rape DNA was degraded similar to endogenous control DNA. After ploughing the chopped plant material in the soil, transgenic as well as endogenous control DNA sequences could be detected for up to 4 weeks for rape and up to 7 months for maize, whereas PCR analysis of composted transgenic maize revealed the presence of the transgene over a period of 22 months.

Biomarkers in critical illness: have we made progress?

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Honore PM

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Patrick M Honore,1 Rita Jacobs,1 Inne Hendrickx,1 Elisabeth De Waele,1 Viola Van Gorp,1 Olivier Joannes-Boyau,2 Jouke De Regt,1 Willem Boer,3 Herbert D Spapen1 1Intensive Care Unit, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, VUB University, Brussels, Belgium; 2Intensive Care Unit, Hopital Haut Leveque, University of Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France; 3Intensive Care Unit, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium Abstract: Biomarkers have emerged as exemplary key players in translational medicine. Many have been assessed for timely recognition, early treatment, and adequate follow-up for a variety of pathologies. Biomarker sensitivity has improved considerably over the last years but specificity remains poor, in particular when two “marker-sensitive” conditions overlap in one patient. Biomarker research holds an enormous potential for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in postoperative and critically ill patients who present varying degrees of inflammation, infection, and concomitant (subacute organ dysfunction or failure. Despite a remarkable progress in development and testing, biomarkers are not yet ready for routine use at the bedside. Keywords: biomarkers, acute kidney injury, sepsis, ARDS

Toward retail product recognition on grocery shelves

Science.gov (United States)

Varol, Gül; Kuzu, Rıdvan S.

2015-03-01

This paper addresses the problem of retail product recognition on grocery shelf images. We present a technique for accomplishing this task with a low time complexity. We decompose the problem into detection and recognition. The former is achieved by a generic product detection module which is trained on a specific class of products (e.g. tobacco packages). Cascade object detection framework of Viola and Jones [1] is used for this purpose. We further make use of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to recognize the brand inside each detected region. We extract both shape and color information; and apply feature-level fusion from two separate descriptors computed with the bag of words approach. Furthermore, we introduce a dataset (available on request) that we have collected for similar research purposes. Results are presented on this dataset of more than 5,000 images consisting of 10 tobacco brands. We show that satisfactory detection and classification can be achieved on devices with cheap computational power. Potential applications of the proposed approach include planogram compliance control, inventory management and assisting visually impaired people during shopping.

Spectral envelope sensitivity of musical instrument sounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Gunawan, David; Sen, D

2008-01-01

It is well known that the spectral envelope is a perceptually salient attribute in musical instrument timbre perception. While a number of studies have explored discrimination thresholds for changes to the spectral envelope, the question of how sensitivity varies as a function of center frequency and bandwidth for musical instruments has yet to be addressed. In this paper a two-alternative forced-choice experiment was conducted to observe perceptual sensitivity to modifications made on trumpet, clarinet and viola sounds. The experiment involved attenuating 14 frequency bands for each instrument in order to determine discrimination thresholds as a function of center frequency and bandwidth. The results indicate that perceptual sensitivity is governed by the first few harmonics and sensitivity does not improve when extending the bandwidth any higher. However, sensitivity was found to decrease if changes were made only to the higher frequencies and continued to decrease as the distorted bandwidth was widened. The results are analyzed and discussed with respect to two other spectral envelope discrimination studies in the literature as well as what is predicted from a psychoacoustic model.

Measurement Of Neutron Radius In Lead By Parity Violating Scattering Flash ADC DAQ

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ahmed, Zafar [Christopher Newport Univ., Newport News, VA (United States)

2012-06-01

This dissertation reports the experiment PREx, a parity violation experiment which is designed to measure the neutron radius in ²⁰⁸Pb. PREx is performed in hall A of Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility from March 19th to June 21st. Longitudionally polarized electrons at energy 1 GeV scattered at and angle of θ_lab = 5.8 ° from the Lead target. Beam corrected pairty violaing counting rate asymmetry is (A_corr= 594 ± 50(stat) ± 9(syst))ppb at Q² = 0.009068GeV ². This dissertation also presents the details of Flash ADC Data Acquisition(FADC DAQ) system for Moller polarimetry in Hall A of Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The Moller polarimeter measures the beam polarization to high precision to meet the specification of the PREx(Lead radius experiment). The FADC DAQ is part of the upgrade of Moller polarimetery to reduce the systematic error for PREx. The hardware setup and the results of the FADC DAQ analysis are presented

... stella tenax... Variations on Vanités by Brice Pauset

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Laurent Feneyrou

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Between 2000 and 2002, Brice Pauset composed Vanités, twenty-five fragments (for echo soprano, principal haute-contre, principal harpsichord, two echo harpsichords, theorbo, two violins, viola, cello, and contrabass that fall within the secular history of melancholy and its artistic representation. The work models after Leçons de ténèbres by Marc- Antoine Charpentier and refers to still lifes by Willem Kalf. In addition, it boasts a number of musical languages, concepts, and genres organized in cycles borrowed from other historical periods, including canons, choirs, and passacaglia. This article aims to study the libretto, its montage, its significance, and its related melancholic representation, as well as the metric organization of the work and its complex intercombinations – inspired by the Magic Square of Melancholia I and the name of its author, Albrecht Dürer. The result is a new rhetoric, which requires formal analysis, as well as an analysis of the expressive, symbolic, and metaphoric dimensions whose musical signs are holders.

Heroe, Egregio, para contrabaixo e cravo: aspectos didáticos e interpretativos em uma transcrição de uma cantata do repertório colonial brasileiro Heroe, Egregio for double and harpsichord: interpretive and pedagogical aspects in a transcription of a cantata from the Brazilian colonial repertory

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Fausto Borém

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O ainda restrito acesso a partituras e concertos do vasto repertório musical brasileiro dos séculos XVIII e XIX e sua instrumentação estereotipada (quase sempre obras vocais religiosas com acompanhamento orquestral são obstáculos para sua inclusão nos currículos dos cursos de música no país e sua apreciação por um público mais amplo. Uma alternativa para mudar este quadro é a transcrição de obras desse repertório e adaptação de sua instrumentação para grupos de câmara menores, com exclusão até mesmo da voz na sua instrumentação. Essas transcrições podem proporcionar, de maneira mais eficaz, o contato e a experimentação com as assim-chamadas práticas de performance historicamente informadas (Historically Informed Performance ou HIP, seja a partir da adaptação de referências (auditivas e textuais já consolidadas na interpretação do repertório europeu, seja a partir da análise de elementos históricos, formais e possíveis figuras de retórica. No presente trabalho, estas questões são abordadas no Recitativo e Aria da cantata acadêmica Heroe, egregio, douto, peregrino (anônimo, Salvador, 1759 para soprano, dois violinos e baixo contínuo, transcrita para um instrumento de cordas orquestral solista (violino, viola, violoncelo ou contrabaixo e cravo.The still limited access to scores and concerts of the vast Brazilian music repertoire from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and its stereotyped instrumentation (almost always sacred vocal music with orchestral accompaniment are obstacles for the inclusion of this repertory in the country's instrumental music curricula and its appreciation by a wider audience. An alternative for this situation is the transcription of works and change of their instrumentation to fit smaller chamber formations, including those without singing. Moreover, these transcriptions could also allow the contact and experimentation with the so-called Historically Informed Performance

O processo de digitação para violão da Ciaccona BWV 1004 de Johann Sebastian Bach

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Alisson Alípio

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The present article deals with the process of elaborating guitar fingerings for Johann Sebastian Bach’s Ciaccona BWV 1004 (original for violin. The aim was to develop a left-hand fingering capable of reflecting the musical intentions of the performers and authors of this article. To this end, a model of analysis was established, in which the musical texture is divided and classified, based on a set of theoretical parameters (melodic, harmonic, motivic and polyphonic. By analyzing the fingerings used in transcriptions from guitarists Andrés Segovia, Abel Carlevaro, Kazuhito Yamashita and Stanley Yates, and comparing them with our own suggestions, we conclude that the performer has autonomy to challenge a fingering provided by the editor, as it reflects only the musical or technical decisions from a specific performer, and these decisions are also subjected to change.

An automatic system for the detection of dairy cows lying behaviour in free-stall barns

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Simona M.C. Porto

2013-09-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a method for the automatic detection of dairy cow lying behaviour in free-stall barns is proposed. A computer visionbased system (CVBS composed of a video-recording system and a cow lying behaviour detector based on the Viola Jones algorithm was developed. The CVBS performance was tested in a head-to-head free stall barn. Two classifiers were implemented in the software component of the CVBS to obtain the cow lying behaviour detector. The CVBS was validated by comparing its detection results with those generated from visual recognition. This comparison allowed the following accuracy indices to be calculated: the branching factor (BF, the miss factor (MF, the sensitivity, and the quality percentage (QP. The MF value of approximately 0.09 showed that the CVBS missed one cow every 11 well detected cows. Conversely, the BF value of approximately 0.08 indicated that one false positive was detected every 13 well detected cows. The high value of approximately 0.92 obtained for the sensitivity index and that obtained for QP of about 0.85 revealed the ability of the proposed system to detect cows lying in the stalls.

Different Approaches for Face Authentication as Part of a Multimodal Biometrics System

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Jaromir Tovarek

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This paper describes different approaches for the face authentication from the features and classification abilities point of view. Authors compare two types of features - Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG and Local Binary Patterns (LBP including their combination. These parameters are classified using Multilayer Neural Network (MLNN and Support Vector Machines (SVM. Face authentication consists of several steps. The first step contains Viola-Jones algorithm for face detection. Authors resize the detected face for a fixed vector and afterwards, it is converted into grayscale. Next, feature extraction with a simple Min-Max normalization is applied. Obtained parameters are evaluated by classifiers and for each detected face, authors get posterior probability as the output of the classifier. Different approaches for face authentication are compared with each other using False Acceptance Rate (FAR, False Rejection Rate (FRR, Equal Error Rate (EER, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC and Detection Error Tradeoff (DET curves. The results are verified with AR Face Database and elaborated in a feature extraction and classifier design point of view. Best results were achieved by HOG feature for SVM classifier. Detailed results are listed in the text below.

Violin

Science.gov (United States)

Curtin, Joseph; Rossing, Thomas D.

The first known violins were built in Italy in the early 1500s. While not much is yet known about the instrument's prior development, European forebears include the rebec and the Renaissance fiddle, which themselves evolved from instruments found in the ancient Eastern world. The violin brought together in a particularly happy way features seen in a variety of earlier stringed instruments. Arched plates increased the stiffness-to-mass ratio of the body, creating a more brilliant sound and helping resist long-term deformation. A pronounced waist gave the bow access to the outermost strings, while the precisely calibrated curves of fingerboard and bridge enabled the strings to be played individually as well as in two-, three-, and even four-part chords. In contrast to the viola da gamba and guitar, the violin's top and back plates overhung the ribs, allowing easy removal for repairs, thus contributing to the instrument's fabled longevity. A graceful outline, harmonious proportions, and the minimal use of ornamentation together lent the violin a timeless beauty - explaining in part why it has resisted significant stylistic modification to this day. For a discussion of historical string instruments, see Chap. 17.

Racismo e preconceito contra os Avá-Guarani em Guaíra e Terra Roxa no Paraná.

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Rosangela Daiana dos Santos

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Os casos de preconceito e racismo contra as comunidades indígenas em Guaíra e Terra Roxa no Paraná é preocupante e vem se agravando com o passar dos anos, a partir das análises feitas neste artigo trataremos das abordagens sobre o racismo, o preconceito e os casos onde os indígenas são reprimidos e excluídos da sociedade onde estão inseridos, como consequências de campanhas anti-indígenas lançadas por políticos. No decorrer deste artigo trataremos de discussões de uma reunião que ocorreu em uma comunidade indígena em Guaíra - PR em junho de 2016; contextualizaremos os processos históricos que levaram a matança dos povos indígenas, relacionando-a com acontecimentos dos últimos anos e as violações dos direitos indígenas. Na atualidade faz-se necessário a conscientização da população, dessa forma discutiremos soluções que podem ser tomadas para tentar mudar o rumo desses acontecimentos.

A saúde do trabalhador como direito humano fundamental ao meio ambiente artificial do trabalho equilibrado: o estrabismo do adicional de insalubridade

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Rodrigo Guilherme Tomaz

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Remontando os primórdios das relações trabalhistas, vemos que a gênese do meio ambiente do trabalho demonstrou-se extremamente desequilibrado, o que futuramente fez-se surgir alguns adicionais acrescidos ao salário base do trabalhador em virtude deste meio. A saúde do trabalhador esta intrinsecamente ligado ao meio ambiente laborativo ao qual desempenha suas atividades profissionais. Esse ambiente artificial do trabalho é protegido constitucionalmente e deve, a princípio, ser equilibrado, proporcionando condições hábeis para que esse ambiente seja sadio. O estrabismo apresenta-se justamente pela forma distorcida que o empregado imagina estar tutelado juridicamente ao receber adicionais de insalubridade e/ou periculosidade alimentando a falsa sensação de proteção. Através do estudo de alguns institutos jurídicos de direito constitucional, direito do trabalho e direitos coletivos, delineia-se os valores sociais do trabalho e os direitos coletivos frente ao meio ambiente do trabalho desequilibrado, verificando a ineficácia das garantias constitucionais e a flagrante violação dos direitos humanos fundamentais assegurados aos trabalhadores.

A fresh look into the pathophysiology of ischemia-induced complications in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

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Honore PM

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Patrick M Honore,1 Rita Jacobs,1 Elisabeth De Waele,1 Viola Van Gorp,1 Jouke De Regt,1 Olivier Joannes-Boyau,2 Willem Boer,3 Herbert D Spapen1 1Intensive Care Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; 2Intensive Care Unit, Haut Leveque University Hospital of Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux 2, Pessac, France; 3Intensive Care Department, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium Abstract: Recent case reports of acute esophageal necrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD undergoing hemodialysis encouraged us to look beyond hypoperfusion/ischemia as a sole explanation for this dramatic complication. At least three intriguing pathways, ie, accumulation of protein-bound toxins, endotoxin translocation, and altered mucosal defense mechanisms, have been proposed to explain the inherent susceptibility of CKD patients to developing ischemia-related and cardiovascular events. Interestingly, all the proposed pathways can be potentially antagonized or attenuated. At present, however, it is not known whether one pathway predominates or if any interaction exists between these pathways. More solid experimental and clinical data are warranted to acquire a better insight into the complex pathogenesis of CKD-associated ischemia. Keywords: chronic kidney disease, ischemia, pathophysiology, cardiovascular events

Combining Boosted Global

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Szidónia Lefkovits

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The domain of object detection presents a wide range of interest due to its numerous application possibilities especially real time applications. All of them require high detection rate correlated with short processing time. One of the most efficient systems, working with visual information, were presented in the publication of Viola et al. [1], [2].This detection system uses classifiers based on Haar-like separating features combined with the AdaBoost learning algorithm. The most important bottleneck of the system is the big number of false detections at high hit rate. In this paper we propose to overcome this disadvantage by using specialized parts classifiers. This aim comes from the observation that the target object does not resemble the false detections at all.The reason of this fact is the coding manner of Haar-like features which attend to handle image patches and neglect the edges and contours. In order to obtain a more robust classifier, a global aspect method is combined with a part-based method, having the goal to improve the performance of the detector without significant increase of the detection time.

Application of two way indicator species analysis in lowland plant types classification.

Science.gov (United States)

Kooch, Yahya; Jalilvand, Hamid; Bahmanyar, Mohammad Ali; Pormajidian, Mohammad Reza

2008-03-01

A TWINSPAN classification of 60 sample plots from the Khanikan forest (North of Iran) is presented. Plant types were determined from field observations and sample plot data arranged and analyzed in association tables. The types were defined on the basis of species patterns of presence, absence and coverage values. Vegetation was sampled with randomized-systematic method. Vegetation data including density and cover percentage were estimated quantitatively within each quadrate and using the two-way indicator species analysis. The objectives of the study were to plant type's classification for Khanikan lowland forest in North of Iran, Identification of indicator species in plant types and increase our understanding in regarding to one of Multivariate analysis methods (TWINSPAN). Five plant types were produced for the study area by TWINSPAN, i.e., Menta aquatica, Oplismenus undulatifolius, Carex grioletia, Viola odarata and Rubus caesius. Therefore, at each step of the process, the program identifies indicator species that show strongly differential distributions between groups and so can severe to distinguish the groups. The final result, incorporating elements of classification can provide a compact and powerful summary of pattern in the data set.

DESCRIPTION OF SOME SPONTANEUS SPECIES AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF USE THEM IN THE ROCKY GARDENS

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BUTA ERZSEBET

2009-12-01

Full Text Available In Romania’s spontaneous flora are reported over 3759 species of plants, of which 3136 species are spontaneous [CIOCÂRLAN, 2000], 23 have been declared nature monuments, 74 are extinct, 39 endangered, 171 are vulnerable and 1253 are rare. Characteristic grassland species is approximately 37% of total existent plants in Romania, and alpine species is 14%. It was identified a total of 57 endemic taxons (species and subspecies and 171 subendemic taxons [www.wikipedia.org].The floristic ranges adapted to the unfavorable conditions dictated by nature, with the possibility to use in rocky gardens, are: Campanula carpatica Jacq., Dianthus callizonus Schott et Kotschy, Gentiana acaulis L., Leontopodium alpinum Cass., Phlox amoena Sims., Saxifraga oppositifolia L., Sedum alpestre Vill., Sempervivum montanum L., Viola odorata L. Species that grow on alpine meadows in the spring until late autumn, recommended in landscape arrangements are: Adonis vernalis L., Carlina acaulis L., Paeonia tenuifolia L., Primula elatior Hill., Primula veris L., species that impress through form and the chromatic variety.This paper contains a brief description of some native species used or recommended for rocky gardens.

The impact of the long-term playing of musical instruments on the stomatognathic system - review.

Science.gov (United States)

Głowacka, Arleta; Matthews-Kozanecka, Maja; Kawala, Maciej; Kawala, Beata

2014-01-01

In this article, we have made a review of the influence of playing musical instruments on the formation of malocclusion and TMJ disorders in musicians. Primary attention was paid to the effects of wind and stringed instruments. The aim of the article was the presentation of research and opinions about this problem in the last 25 years. It is reported that long-term and repetitive playing of musical instruments, particularly stringed (violin and viola) and wind instruments can cause dysfunctions of the stomatognathic system. The impact of wind instruments was assessed in terms of the type of mouthpiece. We studied the possibility of repositioning the front teeth and reducing the width of the upper dental arch and overbite. There were also reports on the use of a specific instrument to improve the child's occlusion. Studies have also been performed on the usefulness of relaxation plates in order to improve, and even prevent, dysfunction caused by the constant stress on the same parts of the stomatognathic system. The experiments were mainly based on interviews, dental cast analyses and cephalometric analyses. Additional methods were dynamometer tests and muscle tension palpation.

THE INSTRUMENTAL CONCERTO AS OBJECT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

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ANDRIEŞ VLADIMIR

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The instrumental concerto is one of the oldest genres of European instrumental music whose history began about three centuries ago and is continuing at present demonstrating an extraordinary variety of forms and diversity of variants of its treatment. Approaching the concerto genre the researchers try to establish the main features characteristic of this genre, to reveal its nature and to formulate a „pattern” or genetic canon of the concerto. In the article there is an analysis of the works of a lot of musicologists from different countries that are dedicated to the historical stylistic evolution of the concerto genre and to the study of the most relevant samples, from their origin (the 16th-17th centuries up to the present time. In this context, of special interest are the studies signed by A. Veinus, M. Roeder, M. Steinberg, S. Keefe, I. Grebneva, E. Dolinscaia and other musicologists. The article was written on the basis of the materials of the doctoral thesis „Concerto for Viola and Orchestra: Methods of Study” worked out under the supervision of the late scientist and university professor Vladimir Axionov.

Inverse-kinematics study of 78Kr + 40Ca at 10 AMeV

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Henry E.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The CHIMERA multi-detector array at LNS Catania has been used to study the inverse-kinematics reaction of 78Kr + 40Ca at a bombarding energy of 10 A MeV. Analysis of the experimental data focused on a class of selected events consistent with the complete fusion and subsequent binary split of the of the reacting system. This class of events features a broad A, Z distribution of fission fragments centered about symmetric fission while exhibiting relative velocities significantly higher than given by Viola systematics. The center-of-mass angular distribution (dσ/dΘ of the fission fragments exhibit an unexpected anisotropy inconsistent with a compound-nucleus reaction and indicates a dynamic fusion-fission like process. The observed angular distribution features an asymmetric forward-backward peaking most prevalent for mass-asymmetric events. Furthermore, the more massive fragment of mass-asymmetric events appears to emerge preferentially in the forward direction, along the beam axis, in analogy to dynamic fragmentation of projectile-like fragments. Analysis of the angular distribution of alpha particles emitted from these fission fragments suggests the events are associated mostly with central collisions.

ELECTROCHEMICAL FINGERPRINT STUDIES OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS RICH IN FLAVONOIDS.

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Konieczyński, Paweł

2015-01-01

The combination of a size-exclusion column (SEC) with electrochemical (voltammetric) detection at a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDDE) was applied for studying the correlations between electroactive Cu and Fe species with phenolic groups of flavonoids. For comparison with electrochemical results, SEC-HPLC-DAD detection was used. The studied plant material comprised of: Betula verrucosa Ehrh., Equisetun arvense L., Polygonum aviculare L., Viola tricolor L., Crataegus oxyacantha L., Sambucus nigra L. and Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. Based upon the results, high negative correlation was found for the chromatographic peak currents at 45 min with the sum of Cu and Fe for the aqueous extracts of Sambucus, Crataegus and Betula species, and for the peak currents at 65 min of the aqueous extracts of Sambucus, Crataegus, Helichrysum and Betula botanical species. This behavior confirms that it is mainly the flavonoids with easily oxidizable phenolic groups which are strongly influenced by the presence of Cu and Fe. Moreover, the electrochemical profiles obtained thanks to the use of HPLC hyphenated with voltammetric detection can be potentially applied for fingerprint studies of the plant materials used in medicine.

A case against closure

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Olin, Doris

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina a objeção ao fechamento [dedutivo] que surge no contexto de certos paradoxos epistêmicos, paradoxos cuja conclusão é que a crença justificada pode ser inconsistente. É universalmente aceito que, se essa conclusão é correta, o fechamento deve ser rejeitado, para que se evite a crença justificada em enunciados contraditórios (P, ~P. Mas, mesmo que os argumentos desses paradoxos - o paradoxo da falibilidade (do prefácio e o paradoxo da loteria - seja mal sucedidos, eles, ainda assim, sugerem a existência de evidência independente para uma objeção mais direta contra o fechamento. O exame do argumento da falibilidade revela uma exigência de modéstia epistêmica que viola o fechamento a partir de múltiplas premissas. A reflexão sobre o paradoxo da loteria nos confronta com um dilema em que cada alternativa fornece um contra-exemplo ao fechamento a partir de uma única premissa. Seja ou não possível a inconsistência racional, há uma objeção contra o fechamento

Introduction: The 6th special issue of Mars Polar Science

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Sori, Michael M.; Brown, Adrian J.

2018-07-01

Polar science at Mars has the ability to elucidate outstanding problems in the planet's history. The long-lived, kilometers-thick deposits at both poles hold a climate record that is still being steadily deciphered (e.g., Becerra et al., 2017), seasonal volatiles are important drivers of geomorphological change (e.g., Pilorget and Forget, 2015), and there is a growing recognition that water ice at lower latitudes is an important piece of the story in understanding polar processes (e.g., Bramson et al., 2015). Additionally, the icy volatiles trapped in the mid-latitudes will be an important resource for future human explorers (e.g., Viola et al., 2015). One task of this generation of Martian polar explorers is to understand the evolution of water as it cycles through the polar and mid-latitudes on geologic timescales in anticipation of its eventual utilization by the next generation of human and robotic explorers. To address these and other topics, the 6th International Mars Polar Science Conference was held in September 2016 in Reykjavik, Iceland (Smith et al., 2018). This special issue represents 16 papers presented at that conference.

Gear Tooth Wear Detection Algorithm

Science.gov (United States)

Delgado, Irebert R.

2015-01-01

Vibration-based condition indicators continue to be developed for Health Usage Monitoring of rotorcraft gearboxes. Testing performed at NASA Glenn Research Center have shown correlations between specific condition indicators and specific types of gear wear. To speed up the detection and analysis of gear teeth, an image detection program based on the Viola-Jones algorithm was trained to automatically detect spiral bevel gear wear pitting. The detector was tested using a training set of gear wear pictures and a blind set of gear wear pictures. The detector accuracy for the training set was 75 percent while the accuracy for the blind set was 15 percent. Further improvements on the accuracy of the detector are required but preliminary results have shown its ability to automatically detect gear tooth wear. The trained detector would be used to quickly evaluate a set of gear or pinion pictures for pits, spalls, or abrasive wear. The results could then be used to correlate with vibration or oil debris data. In general, the program could be retrained to detect features of interest from pictures of a component taken over a period of time.

VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE PLANTAS DANINHAS NUM LATOSSOLO VERME- LHO SOB SISTEMA PLANTIO DIRETO. / SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF WEEDS OF AN RED LATOSOL (OXISOL UNDER NO- TILLAGE SYSTEM.

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JOSILENE P. DE OLIVEIRA

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a variabilidade espacial de plantas daninhas num Latossolo Vermelho sob sistema plantio direto. As medições foram realizadas em uma área de 0,5 ha, em 50 pontos de amostragem com espaçamento de 5 m x 10 m. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística clássica e da geoestatística, e os mapas de variabilidade espacial construídos por meio da técnica de interpolação por krigagem. Todas as espécies de plantas daninhas presentes na área de estudo apresentaram variabilidade espacial, com exceção da corda-de-viola (Ipomoea triloba L. e crista-de-galo  (Heliotropium  indicum L., que apresentaram efeito pepita puro. Os valores de alcance (a demonstram que o espaçamento entre amostras pode ser ampliado para todas as espécies de plantas daninhas. Não foi possível determinar zonas específicas de manejo na área de estudo uma vez que as distintas espécies de plantas daninhas infestaram diferentes zonas da área de estudo.

Dr. Franjo (Franz) Kresnik (1869-1943): a physician and a violin maker.

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Skrobonja, Ante; Muzur, Amir

2007-01-01

Dr. Franjo (Franz) Kresnik (born Wien 1869 - died Rijeka 1943) was an excellent physician and a Central European intellectual, a bohemian mind whose two loves in life made him very special. His passions were medicine and violin making. Most of his life was spent in Susak (now a part of Rijeka, Croatia), where he worked, played music and studied the art of making stringed instruments. He visited Cremona on several occasions and studied a number of violins, drawings and tools made and used by old masters. For his profound knowledge of Cremonese violin making the Italians dubbed him "Uomo che legge violini" (The Man Who Can Read Violins). In his workshop he made fifty-two violins, two violas, two cellos and a string quartet. Some of these instruments are still played in Europe and America. The remaining violins and possessions (tools, manuscripts, drawings, literature and countless diplomas and certificates) have been kept in a memorial room at the Maritime and History Museum of the Croatian Littoral in Rijeka. In addition, a street near the Faculty of Medicine in Rijeka is named after Franjo Kresnik.

Symptom predictors of response to electroconvulsive therapy in older patients with treatment-resistant depression

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Tominaga K

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Keiichiro Tominaga¹, Mioto Okazaki¹, Hisashi Higuchi¹, Itaru Utagawa¹, Etsuko Nakamura², Noboru Yamaguchi¹¹Department of Neuropsychiatry, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, ²Tsurukawa Sanatorium Hospital, Machida City, Tokyo, JapanBackground: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT has been used for treatment-resistant depression. However, predictors of response to ECT have not been adequately studied using the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, especially in older patients with treatment-resistant depression.Methods: This study included 18 Japanese patients who fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition Text Revision criteria for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder with a current major depressive episode, and met the definition of treatment-resistant depression outlined by Thase and Rush, scoring ≥21 on the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. The three-factor model of the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale was used for analysis. Factor 1 was defined by three items, factor 2 by four items, and factor 3 by three items, representing dysphoria, retardation, and vegetative symptoms, respectively. ECT was performed twice a week for a total of six sessions using a Thymatron System IV device with the brief pulse technique. Clinical responses were defined on the basis of a ≥50% decrease in total pretreatment Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores.Results: The mean pretreatment factor 2 score for responders (n = 7 was significantly lower than that for nonresponders (n = 11. Furthermore, a significant difference in mean factor 3 score between responders and nonresponders was observed one week after six sessions of ECT, indicating a time lag of response. No significant differences were observed for age, number of previous episodes, and duration of the current episode between responders and

Medida de Segurança: a violação do direito à saúde a partir do conceito de periculosidade

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Valéria Rondon Rossi

2015-01-01

A relação dos fenômenos da loucura e criminalidade foi um ponto estratégico para a constituição da medicina mental – psiquiatria e para a constituição de instituições de controle, punição e regeneração. No Brasil, a resposta penal aos crimes dos loucos infratores é a medida de segurança, instituto que se anuncia como despenalizante e voltado ao tratamento em saúde. No entanto, vigora o sistema da periculosidade como parâmetro para imposição e suspensão da medida de segurança, o que faz com qu...

Medida de Segurança: a violação do direito à saúde a partir do conceito de periculosidade

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Valéria Rondon Rossi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available A relação dos fenômenos da loucura e criminalidade foi um ponto estratégico para a constituição da medicina mental – psiquiatria e para a constituição de instituições de controle, punição e regeneração. No Brasil, a resposta penal aos crimes dos loucos infratores é a medida de segurança, instituto que se anuncia como despenalizante e voltado ao tratamento em saúde. No entanto, vigora o sistema da periculosidade como parâmetro para imposição e suspensão da medida de segurança, o que faz com que a desinternação do indivíduo seja possível não após análise de desenvolvimento clínico, mas de análise probabilística de riscos que causaria à sociedade. O objetivo deste artigo é questionar se esse modelo de intervenção psiquiátrico-penal garante ao louco infrator o respeito ao seu direito à saúde ou se é mecanismo de garantia da ordem social a partir da apartação de sujeitos considerados perigosos. A hipótese é que a periculosidade é um conceito não científico, balizado por conceitos morais que identificam loucura como manifestação de perigo. A pesquisa é descritiva de caráter qualitativo, baseada em revisão bibliográfica e análise de dados coletados pela pesquisa "A Custódia e o Tratamento Psiquiátrico no Brasil: censo 2011”. Conclui-se que a medida se justifica por dispositivo frágil do ponto de vista psiquiátrico e penal – a periculosidade do indivíduo –, que não apresenta elementos objetivos de identificação e quantificação, indicando tendência à adoção de modelo punitivo voltado à defesa social em detrimento da ressocialização do louco infrator.

Diagnóstico situacional da violência contra crianças e adolescentes com deficiência em três instituições do Rio de Janeiro Situational diagnostic about violence against children and adolescents with disability in three institutions of Rio de Janeiro

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Fátima Gonçalves Cavalcante

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Apresentamos um diagnóstico situacional a respeito da violência contra crianças e adolescentes com deficiência, desenvolvido em três instituições de referência no Rio de Janeiro, da esfera federal, municipal e do terceiro setor, a partir de 53 estudos de caso. Partimos de uma revisão teórica sobre violência na área da deficiência e demonstramos como esse tema é embrionário no Brasil e América Latina. A relevância do estudo está na demonstração da diversidade e riqueza de formas atuais de assistência à pessoa com deficiência. É feita uma análise de como as instituições estão sendo desafiadas a enfrentar a violência e a violação de direitos e a desenvolver estratégias de proteção. Não apenas a violência, mas a pobreza também se coloca como problema para essas organizações. Concluímos que quando as deficiências estão associadas a formas de violência e à violação de direitos, as instituições têm desenvolvido estratégias de amparo social e apoio em rede para melhorar a qualidade de vida de seus usuários. O principal desafio está em se buscar reverter desvantagens cumulativas, ampliar capacidades e assegurar cuidado e proteção às crianças, adolescentes e jovens com deficiência e suas famílias.We present a situational diagnostic about violence against children and adolescent with disability, which were done in three referenced institutions in Rio de Janeiro, from federal and municipal level and from the third sector, based in 53 case studies. This article considered a recent theoretical study of violence in the disability field and it demonstrates that this subject is embryonic in Brazil and Latin American. The relevance of this study is in the description we did of the diversity and richness of the recent forms of assistance in the disability field. It was analyzed how these institutions are being challenged to face violence and rights violation and to build protection strategies. Not only

Avaliação da postura corporal de violinistas e violistas Body postural evaluation of violinists and violists

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Clarissa Stefani Teixeira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Para a prática instrumental há necessidade de acessórios, como a partitura e estante. Assim como em computadores, o trabalho dos músicos necessita ajustes para que posturas desnecessárias não sejam adotadas ao longo da jornada das atividades, causando fadiga ou problemas futuros. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a distância visual, o ângulo visual, a altura da partitura musical e o ângulo cervical de 11 músicos de cordas (violino e viola. Os resultados apresentaram associação entre o ângulo visual e a distância e a altura da partitura, assim como a distância visual com a altura da partitura. Os resultados foram de 100,23±5,46 cm para a altura da partitura, 89,36±8,22 cm para a distância visual, 9,23±0,79° para o ângulo visual e 49,86±5,71° para o ângulo da cervical. Apenas o ângulo da cervical estava fora dos padrões recomendados (indicação máxima de 30º e deve ser analisado com maior profundidade em estudos futuros. Conforme o ritmo, novas obras, troca de acessórios e/ou instrumento, estas dimensões poderão ser modificadas, mas sem interferir nas condições visuais, físicas e de conforto. As dimensões estiveram dentro dos limites recomendados pela ergonomia.For the instrumental practice there are accessories needs, as the musical score and shelf. As well as in computers, the musicians' work needs fittings so that unnecessary postures are not adopted along the day of the activities, causing fatigue or future problems. The objective this study was to evaluate the visual distance, the visual angle, the height of the musical scores and cervical angle in 11 string musicians (violin and viola. The results presented association between the visual angle and the distance and the height of the musical score, as well as the visual distance with the height of the musical score. The results went of 100.23±5.46 cm to the height of the musical score, 89.36±8.22 cm for the visual distance, 9.23±0.79° for the visual

Effects of compost media on growth and flowering of parviflorous garden pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams.. Part I. Plant growth and conformation

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Agnieszka Zawadzińska

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of the studies was to determine the effects of media with composts, based on sewage sludge and potato pulp, on the growth and conformation of the cultivar 'Butterfl y Yellow with Blotch'. In the experiment 14 potting media, including 12 media made of 4 composts, were tested. The percentage of compost mixed with sphagnum peat was 25%, 50% and 75%. The components of particular composts were as follows: I - municipal sewage sludge 70% and straw 30%; II - municipal sewage sludge 70% and sawdust 30%; III - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and straw 30%; IV - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and sawdust 30%. Two control potting media were used: 1 - sphagnum peat with Osmocote Exact Lo-Start at the dose 5 g×dm-3, and 2 - sphagnum peat with Azofoska at the dose 2.5 g×dm-3. There was no top-dressing during cultivation. The potting media used for pansy cultivation were rich in essential nutrients and in certain media macroelement content exceeded the limits recommended for the species with great nutrient requirements. The effects of the media on the growth, conformation and foliage of pansies depended on compost composition and its pecentage in a medium. The composts used for the media were found to be suitable for pansy cultivation. Despite smaller leaf rosettes in comparison with control plants, the pansies from compost media grew well and showed no disease symptoms.

Experiências de abortos provocados em clínicas privadas no Nordeste brasileiro

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Paloma Silveira

Full Text Available Resumo Baseado numa investigação qualitativa desenvolvida em 2012, o artigo analisa experiências de abortos provocados de pessoas de estratos sociais médios realizados em clínicas privadas. Foram narradas 34 histórias de gravidezes interrompidas em clínicas por 19 mulheres e cinco homens, residentes em duas capitais do Nordeste brasileiro. Uma análise temática revela que existem diferentes tipos de clínicas e de atendimento prestados pelos médicos. O artigo mostra que a realização de um aborto em uma clínica privada não é garantia de um atendimento humanizado e seguro. As narrativas fornecem descrições de diversas situações e práticas, desde aquelas com algumas falhas, como a falta de informações sobre os medicamentos, até outras com abusos graves, como procedimentos realizados sem anestesia. Assim, conclui-se que a ilegalidade da prática do aborto, no Brasil, permite que as clínicas funcionem sem qualquer tipo de regulação do Estado, não impedindo que as mulheres realizem abortos, mas as expondo a situações de total vulnerabilidade e de violação dos direitos humanos.

Surfactant-induced deposit structures in relation to the biological efficacy of glyphosate on easy- and difficult-to-wet weed species.

Science.gov (United States)

Kraemer, Thorsten; Hunsche, Mauricio; Noga, Georg

2009-08-01

Typical active ingredient (AI) residue patterns are formed during droplet drying on plant surfaces owing to the interaction of spray solution characteristics and leaf micromorphology. Currently, comparatively little is known about the influence of AI deposit patterns within a spray droplet residue area on the penetration and biological efficacy of glyphosate. A scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis has been used to characterise residue patterns and to quantify the area ultimately covered by glyphosate within the droplet spread area. The easy-to-wet weed species Stellaria media L. and Viola arvensis L., as well as the difficult-to-wet Chenopodium album L. and Setaria viridis L., differing in their surface micromorphology, have been used. Rapeseed oil ethoxylates (RSO 5 or RSO 60) were added to glyphosate solutions to provide different droplet spread areas. Addition of RSO 5 enhanced droplet spread area more than RSO 60, and both caused distinct glyphosate residue patterns. The biological efficacy of treatment solutions showed no significant correlation with the area ultimately covered by glyphosate. The results have implications on herbicide uptake models. This study shows that droplet spread area does not correspond to the area ultimately covered by glyphosate, and that the latter does not affect glyphosate phytotoxicity.

El crecimiento de cuatro plantas ornamentales anuales en diferentes sustratos.

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Adalberto Di Benedetto

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Usando un sustrato base compuesto por turba de Sphagnum, perlita y vermiculita (Sustrato Van Leeuwen®, se evaluaron las siguientes mezclas de cultivo: (1 Sustrato Van Leeuwen® (100%; (2 Suelo (100%; (3 Suelo (50%; (4 Resaca de río (100% y (5 Resaca de río (50%. Se encontró una disminución de la porosidad total durante las primeras semanas de cultivo y un aumento, que no llegó a compensar la caída inicial, durante las fases finales de crecimiento para las cuatro plantas utilizadas en todas las mezclas evaluadas. De las cuatro plantas estudiadas: Begonia x semperflorens (“flor de azúcar”, Gerbera x jamensonii, Impatiens x walleriana (“alegría del hogar” y Viola x wittrockiana (“pensamiento”, todas presentaron una curva de crecimiento típica en función del tiempo con variaciones significativas entre las cinco mezclas de crecimiento utilizadas. Nuestros resultados indican que la resaca de río podría ser una alternativa potencial para la sustitución parcial o total de la turba de Sphagnum aunque la proporción exacta se halla asociada con los requerimientos de cada planta en particular.

Fiddler's neck: Chin rest-associated irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis in a violin player.

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Caero, Jennifer E; Cohen, Philip R

2012-09-15

Fiddler's neck refers to an irritant contact dermatitis on the submandibular neck of violin and viola players and an allergic contact dermatitis to nickel from the bracket attaching the violin to the chin rest on the violinist's supraclavicular neck. A 26-year-old woman developed submandibular and supraclavicular left neck lesions corresponding to the locations of the chin rest and bracket that was attached to her violin that held it against her neck when she played. Substitution of a composite chin rest, which did not contain nickel, and the short-term application of a low potency topical corticosteroid cream, resulted in complete resolution of the allergic contact dermatitis supraclavicular neck lesion. The irritant contact dermatitis submandibular neck lesion persisted. In conclusion, violin players are predisposed to developing irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis from the chin rest. We respectfully suggest that the submandibular neck lesions from contact with the chin rest be referred to as 'fiddler's neck - type 1,' whereas the supraclavicular neck lesions resulting from contact of the bracket holding the chin rest in place be called 'fiddler's neck - type 2.' A composite chin rest should be considered in patients with a preceding history of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel.

Robust Vehicle Detection under Various Environmental Conditions Using an Infrared Thermal Camera and Its Application to Road Traffic Flow Monitoring

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Toshiyuki Nakamiya

2013-06-01

Full Text Available We have already proposed a method for detecting vehicle positions and their movements (henceforth referred to as “our previous method” using thermal images taken with an infrared thermal camera. Our experiments have shown that our previous method detects vehicles robustly under four different environmental conditions which involve poor visibility conditions in snow and thick fog. Our previous method uses the windshield and its surroundings as the target of the Viola-Jones detector. Some experiments in winter show that the vehicle detection accuracy decreases because the temperatures of many windshields approximate those of the exterior of the windshields. In this paper, we propose a new vehicle detection method (henceforth referred to as “our new method”. Our new method detects vehicles based on tires’ thermal energy reflection. We have done experiments using three series of thermal images for which the vehicle detection accuracies of our previous method are low. Our new method detects 1,417 vehicles (92.8% out of 1,527 vehicles, and the number of false detection is 52 in total. Therefore, by combining our two methods, high vehicle detection accuracies are maintained under various environmental conditions. Finally, we apply the traffic information obtained by our two methods to traffic flow automatic monitoring, and show the effectiveness of our proposal.

Robust vehicle detection under various environmental conditions using an infrared thermal camera and its application to road traffic flow monitoring.

Science.gov (United States)

Iwasaki, Yoichiro; Misumi, Masato; Nakamiya, Toshiyuki

2013-06-17

We have already proposed a method for detecting vehicle positions and their movements (henceforth referred to as "our previous method") using thermal images taken with an infrared thermal camera. Our experiments have shown that our previous method detects vehicles robustly under four different environmental conditions which involve poor visibility conditions in snow and thick fog. Our previous method uses the windshield and its surroundings as the target of the Viola-Jones detector. Some experiments in winter show that the vehicle detection accuracy decreases because the temperatures of many windshields approximate those of the exterior of the windshields. In this paper, we propose a new vehicle detection method (henceforth referred to as "our new method"). Our new method detects vehicles based on tires' thermal energy reflection. We have done experiments using three series of thermal images for which the vehicle detection accuracies of our previous method are low. Our new method detects 1,417 vehicles (92.8%) out of 1,527 vehicles, and the number of false detection is 52 in total. Therefore, by combining our two methods, high vehicle detection accuracies are maintained under various environmental conditions. Finally, we apply the traffic information obtained by our two methods to traffic flow automatic monitoring, and show the effectiveness of our proposal.

Experiências de abortos provocados em clínicas privadas no Nordeste brasileiro

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Paloma Silveira

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Resumo Baseado numa investigação qualitativa desenvolvida em 2012, o artigo analisa experiências de abortos provocados de pessoas de estratos sociais médios realizados em clínicas privadas. Foram narradas 34 histórias de gravidezes interrompidas em clínicas por 19 mulheres e cinco homens, residentes em duas capitais do Nordeste brasileiro. Uma análise temática revela que existem diferentes tipos de clínicas e de atendimento prestados pelos médicos. O artigo mostra que a realização de um aborto em uma clínica privada não é garantia de um atendimento humanizado e seguro. As narrativas fornecem descrições de diversas situações e práticas, desde aquelas com algumas falhas, como a falta de informações sobre os medicamentos, até outras com abusos graves, como procedimentos realizados sem anestesia. Assim, conclui-se que a ilegalidade da prática do aborto, no Brasil, permite que as clínicas funcionem sem qualquer tipo de regulação do Estado, não impedindo que as mulheres realizem abortos, mas as expondo a situações de total vulnerabilidade e de violação dos direitos humanos.

“A sociedade brasileira nos fez pobres”: assistência social e autonomia étnica dos povos indígenas. O caso de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul

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Júlio César Borges

Full Text Available Resumo O artigo pretende analisar a relação dos povos indígenas com a política pública de assistência social (AS no Brasil. Com base em dados coletados durante trabalho de campo realizado, no ano de 2014, será analisado o caso da Reserva Indígena de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. Na primeira parte, caracterizo a relação desigual da sociedade e Estado nacionais com os povos indígenas para, em seguida, abordar a política de assistência social como oportunidade estatal de enfrentamento da violação de direitos decorrente do cerco colonial. Em seguida, veremos o caso de Dourados como ilustração dos dilemas e possibilidades da autonomia e protagonismo indígena frente a essa política pública. Espera-se contribuir com a discussão em torno da estatalidade apontando casos concretos em que a implementação local da política de AS é permeável, em maior ou menor medida, às demandas dos povos indígenas por adequação às suas organizações sociais e visões de mundo.

OS CONFLITOS ENTRE ISRAELENSES E PALESTINOS: IMPLICAÇÕES NOS DIREITOS HUMANOS, NA PROTEÇÃO DO INDIVÍDUO E NA SEGURANÇA DO ORIENTE MÉDIO / THE CONFLICT BETWEEN ISRAELI AND PALESTINIAN: IMPLICATIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS, ON INDIVIDUAL’S PROTECTION AND ON THE SAF

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Wiliander França Salomão

2014-05-01

Full Text Available O Oriente Médio representa o berço das primeiras manifestações monoteístas da civilização humana e palco de inúmeros conflitos regionais e internacionais desde antes do nascimento de Cristo. Logo após a criação do Estado de Israel, inúmeros outros conflitos com os países vizinhos árabes assolaram a Palestina, causando violações aos direitos humanos dos indivíduos naquela situação. A destruição e a devastação na região colocam em risco a segurança regional e internacional, dificultando os entendimentos entre árabes e judeus. A criação de um sistema de segurança regional depende dos esforços conjuntos entre os dois povos para que cooperação e segurança sejam possíveis. A sociedade internacional foca em inúmeras tentativas de soluções pacíficas para pôr fim aos conflitos e instaurar um processo de paz duradoura e eficiente para a região. Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos. Oriente Médio. Conflitos internacionais.

Coupling Plant-Derived Cyclotides to Metal Surfaces: An Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Study

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Pan Cao

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Modification of metal surfaces with antimicrobial peptides is a promising approach to reduce bacterial adhesion. Here, cyclic peptides or cycloids, possessing remarkable stability and antimicrobial activities, were extracted and purified from Viola philippica Cav., and identified using mass spectrometry. Cyclotides were subsequently utilized to modify stainless steel surfaces via polydopamine-mediated coupling. The resulting cyclotide-modified surfaces were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR spectroscopy and contact angle analysis. The antibacterial capacity of these cyclotides against Staphylococcus aureus was assessed by Alamar blue assay. The antibiofilm capacity of the modified surfaces was assessed by crystal violet assay, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM. A composite of Kalata b1, Varv A, Viba 15 and Viba 17 (P1; Varv E (P2; and Viphi G (P3 were isolated and identified. FTIR analysis of the modified surfaces demonstrated that cyclotides bound to the surfaces and induced reduction of contact angles. Antimicrobial effects showed an order P3 > P1 and P2, with P3-treated surfaces demonstrating the strongest antibiofilm capacity. SEM confirmed reduced biofilm formation for P3-treated surfaces. This study provides novel evidence for cyclotides as a new class for development of antibacterial and antibiofilm agents.

Human Activity Recognition in a Car with Embedded Devices

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Danilo Burbano

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Detection and prediction of drowsiness is key for the implementation of intelligent vehicles aimed to prevent highway crashes. There are several approaches for such solution. In thispaper the computer vision approach will be analysed, where embedded devices (e.g.videocameras are used along with machine learning and pattern recognition techniques for implementing suitable solutions for detecting driver fatigue. Most of the research in computer vision systems focused on the analysis of blinks, this is a notable solution when it is combined with additional patterns like yawing or head motion for the recognition of drowsiness. The first step in this approach is the face recognition, where AdaBoost algorithm shows accurate results for the feature extraction, whereas regarding the detection of drowsiness the data-driven classifiers such as Support Vector Machine (SVM yields remarkable results. One underlying component for implementing a computer vision technology for detection of drowsiness is a database of spontaneous images from the Facial Action Coding System (FACS, where the classifier can be trained accordingly. This paper introduces a straightforward prototype for detection of drowsiness, where the Viola-Jones method is used for face recognition and cascade classifier is used for the detection of a contiguous sequence of eyes closed, which a reconsidered as drowsiness.

La territorialidad de los cuerpos en el abuso sexual infantil intrafamiliar

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Saldarriaga Pérez, Jorge Eduardo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Durante los últimos años se ha dado una expansión del interés investigativo, además de acciones legales, en torno al abuso sexual infantil, considerado un delito que viola los derechos humanos y una constricción al desarrollo infantil. Esta problemática atraviesa diversos escenarios sociales, especialmente la familia, pensada como nicho de protección, seguridad y formación para los niños y niñas. Por lo tanto, desde el tema y el campo del abuso sexual infantil, se pretende en esta investigación comprender las prácticas culturales que sustentan esta problemática al interior de algunas familias en la ciudad de Pereira. Además, y desde este nudo problémico, planteamos una investigación cualitativa, con un marco epistémico desde el construccionismo social, como referente conceptual en el enfoque de la seguridad humana, con claves analíticas en la teoría de la estructuración y metodológicas desde la hermenéutica doble. El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender las prácticas culturales que sustentan el abuso sexual infantil al interior de algunas familias en la Ciudad de Pereira.

A cell-based high-throughput protocol to screen entry inhibitors of highly pathogenic viruses with Traditional Chinese Medicines.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Yong; Cheng, Han; Yan, Hui; Wang, Peng-Zhan; Rong, Rong; Zhang, Ying-Ying; Zhang, Cheng-Bo; Du, Rui-Kun; Rong, Li-Jun

2017-05-01

Emerging viruses such as Ebola virus (EBOV), Lassa virus (LASV), and avian influenza virus H5N1 (AIV) are global health concerns. Since there is very limited options (either vaccine or specific therapy) approved for humans against these viruses, there is an urgent need to develop prophylactic and therapeutic treatments. Previously we reported a high-throughput screening (HTS) protocol to identify entry inhibitors for three highly pathogenic viruses (EBOV, LASV, and AIV) using a human immunodeficiency virus-based pseudotyping platform which allows us to perform the screening in a BSL-2 facility. In this report, we have adopted this screening protocol to evaluate traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) in an effort to discover entry inhibitors against these viruses. Here we show that extracts of the following Chinese medicinal herbs exhibit potent anti-Ebola viral activities: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Citrus aurantium L., Viola yedoensis Makino, Prunella vulgaris L., Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. mayuen (Roman.) Stapf, Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., and Morus alba L. This study represents a proof-of-principle investigation supporting the suitability of this assay for rapid screening TCMs and identifying putative entry inhibitors for these viruses. J. Med. Virol. 89:908-916, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A vagina-escola: seminário interdisciplinar sobre violência contra a mulher no ensino das profissões de saúde

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Carmen Simone Grilo Diniz

2016-03-01

Full Text Available O ensino de obstetrícia no Brasil tradicionalmente requer que o aluno realize um certo número de procedimentos para que seja avaliado, o que levou a uma cultura de ensino do uso não informado, não consentido, das vaginas das parturientes mais pobres, usuárias do SUS, pelos alunos de medicina e outras profissões, para o treinamento de habilidades cirúrgicas. Tais abusos permanecem normalizados por uma cultura institucional que não os reconhece como violações de direitos, promovendo um ensino de habilidades descolado do ensino de valores e dos direitos das usuárias. Para promover um diálogo entre os setores envolvidos, realizamos em março de 2015 o evento “A Vagina-escola: seminário sobre violência contra a mulher no ensino das profissões de saúde”. O seminário foi especialmente oportuno por acompanhar a recente declaração da Oorganização Mundial de Saúde (OMS “Prevenção e eliminação de abusos, desrespeito e maus-tratos durante o parto em instituições de saúde”, reforçando a urgência do tema na Saúde Coletiva.

Intervenção no abuso sexual intrafamiliar: ingerência invasiva ou proteção devida?

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Santos, Viviane Amaral dos

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este texto se propõe a discutir os aspectos jurídicos e psicológicos presentes no abuso sexual intrafamiliar. Pensamos a proteção da criança ou do adolescente a partir da constatação de que o maior número de abusos sexuais é cometido no seio das famílias e com maior frequência pelos pais e padrastos. Colocamos algumas questões com o intuito de melhor compreender a interface entre Psicologia e Direito na ingerência deste problema, com vistas à possível proteção e restauração de direitos das vítimas. Ressaltamos as contradições presentes e concluímos que a intervenção judicial pode ser determinante para a interrupção da violação do direito a uma vida digna e ao desenvolvimento sexual saudável tanto de crianças como de adolescentes. Reconhecemos que, apesar de a violência sexual intrafamiliar ocorrer no contexto privado, ela tem caráter social e público por atentar contra os direitos humanos básicos, e requer uma intervenção legal para restabelecer e garantir esses direitos

The vascular flora of the Tepoš plateau around Pirot city (Eastern Serbia

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Jotić, B.

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The flora of the karst plateau Tepoš, which is the part of Vidlič mountain (eastern Serbia was studied. Based on the analysis of the collected material and data from the literature, it was noted that the flora of Tepoš plateau is represented by 486 species, distributed in 284 genera and 68 families of vascular plants. The biological spectra was shown. The hemicriptophytic-terophytic character was established by analyzing the presence of plant life forms. By phytogeographical analysis the presence of 25 area types was established. The euroasian florystic chorion with 258 species of eurasian area type is the most abundant, followed by mediterranean-submediterranean (58 species, central-european (47 species, cosmopolitan (27 species and pontian area type (24 species. In the flora of Tepoš plateau the 9 balkan endemic taxa were recorded, which is 3,14% of total balkan endemic taxa in flora of Serbia. A small number of endemic taxa is expected, considering the low diversity of habitats. Balkan endemic taxa recorded in this area are: Acer hyrcanum subsp. intermedium, Bupleurum flavicans, Crucianella graeca, Eryngium palmatum, Pastinaca hirsuta, Hypericum rumeliacum subsp. rumeliacum, Thymus praecox subsp. jankae, Linaria rubioides subsp. nissana and Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica.

A guerra do Kosovo e a desintegração da Iugoslávia: notas sobre a (reconstrução do Estado no fim do mil

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Nogueira João Pontes

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A guerra do Kosovo foi o primeiro conflito armado envolvendo a OTAN desde a sua criação, e a maior crise humanitária ocorrida na Europa desde o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial. A operação foi vista por muitos analistas como uma tentativa de ampliação do alcance da hegemonia norte-americana naquele continente. O conflito, porém, pode ser interpretado no contexto da evolução da prática de intervenções humanitárias no pós-Guerra Fria, principalmente diante de casos de graves violações aos direitos humanos em regiões onde o Estado-nação encontra-se em processo de fragmentação. O artigo discute a intervenção no Kosovo tendo como referência a instabilidade sistêmica causada pelo colapso do Estado iugoslavo depois do fim da Guerra Fria e a redefinição da regra da soberania, implícita nos esforços de ordenamento e estabilização empreendidos pela comunidade internacional diante das ameaças à segurança internacional geradas por crises humanitárias.

Taxonomic review of the species of Helina R.-D. (Diptera: Muscidae) from Andean-Patagonian forests.

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Patitucci, Luciano Damián; Mulieri, Pablo Ricardo; Mariluis, Juan Carlos

2016-08-12

Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 is the second genus of Muscidae in terms of richness. This genus includes several species collected at high altitudes and high latitudes, and is poorly studied in the Neotropical region. Only 12 species of Helina have been recorded in the southern limit of South America in the Andean-Patagonian forests. In the present work, we studied all the species known from the Andean-Patagonian forests, with the exception of H. viola Malloch, 1934, present three new species, H. araucana sp. nov., H. dorada sp. nov., and H. ouina sp. nov., and provide the first description of the females of H. australis Carvalho & Pont, 1993 and H. rufoapicata Malloch, 1934. We also propose four new synonymies: H. nigrimana basilaris (Carvalho & Pont, 1993) and H. nigrimana grisea (Malloch, 1934) as new junior synonyms of H. nigrimana (Macquart, 1851); and H. fulvocalyptrata Malloch, 1934 and H. simplex Malloch, 1934 as new junior synonyms of H. chilensis Malloch, 1934. Finally, we provide a generic diagnosis and a new key for the Helina species of the Andean-Patagonian forests, as well as notes on the biology and distribution maps of each specimen, and discuss a preliminary contruction of groups of species.

Physiological and Psychological Effects on High School Students of Viewing Real and Artificial Pansies

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Miho Igarashi

2015-02-01

Full Text Available The relaxation effects of gardening have attracted attention; however, very few studies have researched its physiological effects on humans. This study aimed to clarify the physiological and psychological effects on high school students of viewing real and artificial pansies. Forty high school students (male: 19, female: 21 at Chiba Prefectural Kashiwanoha Senior High School, Japan, participated in this experiment. The subjects were presented with a visual stimulation of fresh yellow pansies (Viola x wittrockiana “Nature Clear Lemon” in a planter for 3 min. Artificial yellow pansies in a planter were used as the control. Heart rate variability was used as a physiological measurement and the modified semantic differential method was used for subjective evaluation. Compared with artificial pansies, visual stimulation with real flowers resulted in a significant decrease in the ratio of low- to high-frequency heart rate variability component, which reflects sympathetic nerve activity. In contrast, high frequency, which reflects parasympathetic nerve activity, showed no significant difference. With regard to the psychological indices, viewing real flowers resulted in “comfortable”, “relaxed”, and “natural” feelings. The findings indicate that visual stimulation with real pansies induced physiological and psychological relaxation effects in high school students.

A Novel Hybrid Biometric Electronic Voting System: Integrating Finger Print and Face Recognition

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Shahram Najam

2018-01-01

Full Text Available A novel hybrid design based electronic voting system is proposed, implemented and analyzed. The proposed system uses two voter verification techniques to give better results in comparison to single identification based systems. Finger print and facial recognition based methods are used for voter identification. Cross verification of a voter during an election process provides better accuracy than single parameter identification method. The facial recognition system uses Viola-Jones algorithm along with rectangular Haar feature selection method for detection and extraction of features to develop a biometric template and for feature extraction during the voting process. Cascaded machine learning based classifiers are used for comparing the features for identity verification using GPCA (Generalized Principle Component Analysis and K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor. It is accomplished through comparing the Eigen-vectors of the extracted features with the biometric template pre-stored in the election regulatory body database. The results of the proposed system show that the proposed cascaded design based system performs better than the systems using other classifiers or separate schemes i.e. facial or finger print based schemes. The proposed system will be highly useful for real time applications due to the reason that it has 91% accuracy under nominal light in terms of facial recognition.

"Veselye pochorony”: A Russian Microcosm in New York

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Claudio Schirò

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Nel presente lavoro viene analizzato il romanzo Veselye pochorony (1997 della scrittrice russa Ljudmila Ulickaja, allo scopo di indagare il rapporto tra le esperienze esistenziali dei protagonisti e lo spazio fisico di New York nel quale quest’ultimi agiscono. Nel saggio si cercano di individuare alcune peculiarità della metropoli americana la quale, in certe pagine del libro, si mostra con dei tratti claustrofobici, apparendo talvolta anche come uno spazio dal contorno surreale. L’analisi mira a far emergere quanto la Grande Mela, sapientemente dipinta dalla Ulickaja nel suo romanzo, si mostri in maniera mai univoca. Da un canto New York rappresenta uno spazio simbolico, un limbo, una corridoio di passaggio, una soglia, attraversata da uomini di differenti culture e con stili di vita contrapposti; dall’altro la città nordamericana sovente si trasforma da spazio urbano in spazio della memoria di un’umanità ferita a causa dello sradicamento dal paese e dalla cultura d’origine. In ogni caso la città, capace di esercitare sui personaggi una sorta di irresistibile malia, diviene luogo salvifico in grado di aiutarli a ricostruire ex novo la propria esistenza sulla base di una cultura nuova ma che non viola quella di provenienza.

Efficient decoupling schemes with bounded controls based on Eulerian orthogonal arrays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wocjan, Pawel

2006-01-01

The task of decoupling, i.e., removing unwanted internal couplings of a quantum system and its couplings to an environment, plays an important role in quantum control theory. There are many efficient decoupling schemes based on combinatorial concepts such as orthogonal arrays, difference schemes, and Hadamard matrices. So far these combinatorial decoupling schemes have relied on the ability to effect sequences of instantaneous, arbitrarily strong control Hamiltonians (bang-bang controls). To overcome the shortcomings of bang-bang control, Viola and Knill proposed a method called 'Eulerian decoupling' that allows the use of bounded-strength controls for decoupling. However, their method was not directly designed to take advantage of the local structure of internal couplings and couplings to an environment that typically occur in multipartite quantum systems. In this paper we define a combinatorial structure called Eulerian orthogonal array. It merges the desirable properties of orthogonal arrays and Eulerian cycles in Cayley graphs (that are the basis of Eulerian decoupling). We show that this structure gives rise to decoupling schemes with bounded-strength control Hamiltonians that can be used to remove both internal couplings and couplings to an environment of a multipartite quantum system. Furthermore, we show how to construct Eulerian orthogonal arrays having good parameters in order to obtain efficient decoupling schemes

A novel hybrid biometric electronic voting system: integrating finger print face recognition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Najam, S.S.; Shaikh, A.Z.; Naqvi, S.

2018-01-01

A novel hybrid design based electronic voting system is proposed, implemented and analyzed. The proposed system uses two voter verification techniques to give better results in comparison to single identification based systems. Finger print and facial recognition based methods are used for voter identification. Cross verification of a voter during an election process provides better accuracy than single parameter identification method. The facial recognition system uses Viola-Jones algorithm along with rectangular Haar feature selection method for detection and extraction of features to develop a biometric template and for feature extraction during the voting process. Cascaded machine learning based classifiers are used for comparing the features for identity verification using GPCA (Generalized Principle Component Analysis) and K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor). It is accomplished through comparing the Eigen-vectors of the extracted features with the biometric template pre-stored in the election regulatory body database. The results of the proposed system show that the proposed cascaded design based system performs better than the systems using other classifiers or separate schemes i.e. facial or finger print based schemes. The proposed system will be highly useful for real time applications due to the reason that it has 91% accuracy under nominal light in terms of facial recognition. (author)

Mistura em tanque de boro e herbicidas em semeadura convencional de girassol Tank-mix of boron and herbicides on conventional sunflower sowing

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C. Castro

2002-04-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos deste experimento foi avaliar a resposta do girassol às aplicações de boro (B, isoladas ou em mistura com herbicidas, e o controle de plantas daninhas por meio de experimento conduzido na Embrapa Soja, Londrina-PR. Os tratamentos foram acetochlor (1,92 kg i.a. ha-1, oxyfluorfen (0,36 kg i.a. ha-1, sulfentrazone (0,35 kg i.a.ha-1, trifluralin (1,80 kg i.a. ha-1 e as testemunhas capinada e sem capina. Todos os tratamentos foram aplicados, isoladamente ou em mistura, com 2 kg ha-1 de B (Na2B4O7.10H2 0 - bórax e H3BO3 - ácido bórico. O tratamento mais eficiente foi acetochlor mais ácido bórico; essa combinação resultou em solução mais homogênea da calda de pulverização, quando comparada com os herbicidas mais bórax. O herbicida acetochlor aplicado isoladamente ou em mistura com as duas fontes de B foi eficiente no controle da trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis, do picão-preto (Bidens pilosa e da corda-de-viola (Ipomoea grandifolia. Os herbicidas oxyfluorfen e sulfentrazone, aplicados isoladamente ou em misturas com as duas fontes de B, foram eficientes no controle do amendoim-bravo (Euphorbia heterophylla e da corda-de-viola, respectivamente. É viável a aplicação de boro juntamente com os herbicidas testados nesta pesquisa em mistura em tanque, evitando a deficiência desse micronutriente e controlando as plantas daninhas na cultura do girassol.The objectives of this study were to determine the response of sunflower to application of boron (B fertilizer and herbicides, alone or in combination, and to determine its weed control. A field experiment was carried out at Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Parana, Brazil. The treatments were acetochlor (1.92 kg a.i. ha-1, oxyfluorfen (0.36 kg a.i. ha-1, sulfentrazone (0.35 kg a.i. ha-1, trifluralin (1.80 kg a.i. ha-1 and two controls (with and without hoeing. All treatments were applied alone or in combination with 2 kg ha-1 of B (Na2B4O7.10H2 0 - borax and H3BO3 - boric acid

Effects of compost media on growth and flowering of parviflorous garden pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams.. Part II. Plant flowering and decorative value

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Agnieszka Zawadzińska

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the studies was to determine the effects of media containing composts from sewage sludge and potato pulp on the flowering and decorative value of 'Butterfly Yellow with Blotch' parviflorous pansy. In the experiment 14 potting media, including 12 media made of 4 composts, were tested. The percentage of compost mixed with sphagnum peat was 25%, 50% and 75%. The components of particular composts were as follows: I - municipal sewage sludge 70% and straw 30%; II - municipal sewage sludge 70% and sawdust 30%; III - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and straw 30%; IV - municipal sewage sludge 35%, potato pulp 35% and sawdust 30%. Two control potting media were used: 1 - sphagnum peat with Osmocote Exact Lo-Start at the dose 5 g×dm-3 and 2 - sphagnum peat with Azofoska at the dose 2.5 g×dm-3. There was no top-dressing during cultivation. The pansies for whose cultivation a slow-release fertiliser was used turned out to have most flowers, but the plants cultivated in compost with peat at the ratio 1:1 had equally abundant flowering. At the generative stage, the pansies in control media were the most decorative and those growing in 25% of compost I, 75% of compost II and 50% of compost III and IV. On the basis of plant valuation scale, quality assessment and the abundance of flowering it was found that the media containing 50% of composts were optimal for pansy cultivation.

Refractive errors in Cameroonians diagnosed with complete oculocutaneous albinism

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Eballé AO

2013-07-01

Full Text Available André Omgbwa Eballé1,3, Côme Ebana Mvogo2, Christelle Noche4, Marie Evodie Akono Zoua2, Andin Viola Dohvoma21Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon, 2Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; 3Yaoundé Gynaeco-obstetric and Paediatric Hospital. Yaoundé, Cameroon; 4Faculty of Medicine, Université des Montagnes. Bangangté, CameroonBackground: Albinism causes significant eye morbidity and amblyopia in children. The aim of this study was to determine the refractive state in patients with complete oculocutaneous albinism who were treated at the Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon and evaluate its effect on vision.Methods: We carried out this retrospective study at the ophthalmology unit of our hospital. All oculocutaneous albino patients who were treated between March 1, 2003 and December 31, 2011 were included.Results: Thirty-five patients (70 eyes diagnosed with complete oculocutaneous albinism were enrolled. Myopic astigmatism was the most common refractive error (40%. Compared with myopic patients, those with myopic astigmatism and hypermetropic astigmatism were four and ten times less likely, respectively, to demonstrate significant improvement in distance visual acuity following optical correction.Conclusion: Managing refractive errors is an important way to reduce eye morbidity-associated low vision in oculocutaneous albino patients.Keywords: albinism, visual acuity, refraction, Cameroon

Archaeobotanical reconstructions of field habitats and crops: the grange in Pomorzany near Kutno, 18th/19th c.

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Koszałka Joanna

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the results of research of plant macrofossils from the grain deposit deriving from the 18th/19th centuries. The analysed material included 24760 diaspores representing 73 taxa. The majority were cultivated cereal crop species, and there was also abundance of accompanying segetal weed species. About 95% of the gathered crop material was Secale cereale. Another important crop was Hordeum vulgare and there were also some remains of Avena sativa, Triticum aestivum, Fagopyrum esculentum. Cannabis sativa and Linum usitatissimum were found as well. Weeds competing with these crops were, among others, the following species: Agrostemma githago, Raphanus raphanistrum, Apera spica-venti, Bromus secalinus, Centaurea cyanus, Spergula arvensis, Thlaspi arvense, Viola arvensis/tricolor, Fallopia convolvulus, Polygonum persicaria, Mentha arvensis, Anthemis arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Rumex acetosella, Scleranthus annuus, Aphanes arvensis, Setaria pumila, Setaria viridis/verticilata. Extremely large presence of wild plant diaspores in the material allowed conducting economic and environmental interpretations. Reconstruction methods applied, used primarily in the case of macroremains from granaries, were fully applicable to the analysed plant residues. Weed species composition in the analysed material showed that they were mostly typical for the main winter crop. Some amount of species typical for other habitats were also found and they probably came from the near-by rye field. The presence of perennial diaspores indicated that the field was probably set aside

PROTEÇÃO DOS ACIONISTAS MINORITÁRIOS NAS SOCIEDADES POR AÇÕES DE CAPITAL ABERTO: PANORAMA DAS PRINCIPAIS MEDIDAS ADMINISTRATIVAS E JUDICIAIS

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Arthur Giovanardi Dozza

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A atividade empresarial é uma das maiores fontes de enriquecimento de um país, gerando, além de emprego e tributos, lucro para seus acionistas. Por isto, se mostra indispensável um estudo mais aprofundando dos instrumentos que possam vir a ser utilizados pelos acionistas minoritários, já que estão sempre contando com a benevolência dos interesses do grupo controlador. Serão tratadas as medidas administrativas e judiciais que o acionista minoritário terá o direito de valer-se no caso de ocorrência de ilegalidade ou injustiça ou caso não esteja satisfeito com alguma medida que seja tomada para o prejudicar indiretamente. Há, sem dúvidas, interesse notório na matéria, já que a sociedade por ações aceita qualquer um que esteja interessado em investir suas economias em ações de companhias abertas deverá saber.Ressalva-se que não há o intuito de esgotar o assunto sobre o tema. O objetivo é o de analisar, em tópicos, as peculiaridades dos instrumentos mais utilizados pelos acionistas minoritários na busca de equilíbrio quando da ocorrência da violação de seus direitos.

Head Pose Estimation on Top of Haar-Like Face Detection: A Study Using the Kinect Sensor

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Anwar Saeed

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Head pose estimation is a crucial initial task for human face analysis, which is employed in several computer vision systems, such as: facial expression recognition, head gesture recognition, yawn detection, etc. In this work, we propose a frame-based approach to estimate the head pose on top of the Viola and Jones (VJ Haar-like face detector. Several appearance and depth-based feature types are employed for the pose estimation, where comparisons between them in terms of accuracy and speed are presented. It is clearly shown through this work that using the depth data, we improve the accuracy of the head pose estimation. Additionally, we can spot positive detections, faces in profile views detected by the frontal model, that are wrongly cropped due to background disturbances. We introduce a new depth-based feature descriptor that provides competitive estimation results with a lower computation time. Evaluation on a benchmark Kinect database shows that the histogram of oriented gradients and the developed depth-based features are more distinctive for the head pose estimation, where they compare favorably to the current state-of-the-art approaches. Using a concatenation of the aforementioned feature types, we achieved a head pose estimation with average errors not exceeding 5:1; 4:6; 4:2 for pitch, yaw and roll angles, respectively.

Microscopic description of fission in odd-mass uranium and plutonium nuclei with the Gogny energy density functional

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodriguez-Guzman, R. [Kuwait University, Physics Department, Kuwait (Kuwait); Robledo, L.M. [Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Madrid (Spain); Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Center for Computational Simulation, Boadilla del Monte (Spain)

2017-12-15

The parametrization D1M of the Gogny energy density functional is used to study fission in the odd-mass Uranium and Plutonium isotopes with A = 233,.., 249 within the framework of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) Equal Filling Approximation (EFA). Ground state quantum numbers and deformations, pairing energies, one-neutron separation energies, barrier heights and fission isomer excitation energies are given. Fission paths, collective masses and zero point rotational and vibrational quantum corrections are used to compute the systematic of the spontaneous fission half-lives t{sub SF}, the masses and charges of the fission fragments as well as their intrinsic shapes. Although there exits a strong variance of the predicted fission rates with respect to the details involved in their computation, it is shown that both the specialization energy and the pairing quenching effects, taken into account fully variationally within the HFB-EFA blocking scheme, lead to larger spontaneous fission half-lives in odd-mass U and Pu nuclei as compared with the corresponding even-even neighbors. It is shown that modifications of a few percent in the strengths of the neutron and proton pairing fields can have a significant impact on the collective masses leading to uncertainties of several orders of magnitude in the predicted t{sub SF} values. Alpha-decay lifetimes have also been computed using a parametrization of the Viola-Seaborg formula. (orig.)

El estado comunitario. Una aproximación a las Bases filosóficas

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García Fernando

2003-12-01

Full Text Available El manifiesto programático del Presidente Uribe Vélez establece como objetivo central de su gobierno sentar las bases para la construcción de un "Estado Comunitario". Dicho proyecto pretende, entre otras cosas, acercar el Estado al ciudadano, mejorar la eficiencia en el uso de los recursos públicos, regirse por la regla de hierro de la austeridad fiscal, promover las normas de la racionalidad gerencial y administrativa en el manejo de la cosa pública y definir los patrones de la "vida buena" para los miembros de la "comunidad". De ninguna manera se pretende reducir la incidencia del Estado en la vida de las personas, por el contrario, el edificio requiere que los individuos se realicen por medio de su integración a la "Comunidad". Así, por ejemplo, el municipio no sólo es el "primer encuentro del ciudadano con el Estado", sino que se le considera como el espacio adecuado de la comunión del "nosotros", es decir, "el municipio es al ciudadano lo que la familia es al ser humano". De esta manera pareciera que se viola la implacable lógica de Mandeville: "vicios privados – virtudes públicas", para defender el eslogan: "virtudes privadas – virtudes públicas".

Proposição de um índice do enfrentamento governamental à violência intrafamiliar contra crianças e adolescentes

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Suely Deslandes

2015-08-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta o processo de construção do Índice de Enfrentamento de Violência Intrafamiliar (IEVI, cujo objetivo é avaliar estratégias da gestão municipal em face dessa violação de direitos infantojuvenis. Sua formulação envolveu análise preliminar de indicadores de estudos anteriores e técnica grupo nominal com especialistas. Foram selecionados quatro indicadores: existência de Plano Municipal de Enfrentamento das Violências contra Crianças e Adolescentes; existência de fluxo intersetorial para atendimento e acompanhamento de crianças e adolescentes em situação de violência intrafamiliar e suas famílias; taxa de Conselhos Tutelares por habitantes do município; e existência, nas redes municipais de educação, assistência social e saúde, de instrumentos padronizados para notificação/comunicação das situações de violência contra crianças e adolescentes. Com base em banco de dados de estudo anterior, foi realizado o exercício de aplicação em quatro capitais brasileiras. O IEVI constitui uma ferramenta para monitorar e mobilizar esforços para a implantação de ações de enfrentamento da violência.

Diversity of agrocoenoses in the Lublin region, Poland

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Mariola Staniak

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The Lublin region, one of the main agricultural regions in Poland, has very favorable conditions for agricultural production but the development of the agricultural sector has been very slow there. This is due, among other factors, to the extensive farming used on large areas and the fragmentation of fields with numerous fragments of natural ecosystems. In Lublin Province, cereals comprise the highest proportion of the crop structure, especially wheat, but farmers also often cultivate maize, oilseed rape, sugar beet, and legumes for consumption. The biological diversity of agricultural areas is enhanced by growing traditional plant species and varieties. Crop species are accompanied by segetal weeds, sometimes very expansive, sometimes rare and endangered by extinction. In recent years, the following have been the dominant weed species in the region’s crop fields: Galium aparine, Convolvulus arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Viola arvensis, and Veronica persica. However, there are several locations of occurrence of Muscari comosum (a strictly protected species and the following unique species: Adonis aestivalis, Anthemis tinctoria, Caucalis platycarpos, Galium tricornutum, and Thymelaea passerina. In Lublin Province, there are many organic farms which contribute to the significant diversity of agricultural plant communities. In this review, we also indicate the biocoenotic role of weeds and their importance in the proper maintenance of agroecosystems and ecosystem services.

A legislação ambiental como foco de conflitos: uma análise a partir das representações sociais da natureza dos pequenos agricultores em Minas Gerais, Brasil / Environmental legislation as focus of conflicts: an analysis based on the smallholders’ social..

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Klemens Augustinus Laschefski,,

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A legislação ambiental, frequentemente, não esta sendo respeitada por pequenos produtores rurais. Este trabalho busca entender as razões para este comportamento a partir da analise das representações sociais da natureza e do meio ambiente deste grupo social. Como resultado constatamos que as representações sociais que formam a base da legislação ambiental não levaram em conta as necessidades básicas para a sobrevivência dos agricultores familiares. Tais necessidades apenas podem ser satisfeitas através do uso de áreas consideradas de alto valor para a preservação do meio natural. Embora os agricultores familiares já incluíram a visão oficial da natureza refletida na legislação ambiental no seu imaginário - formando representações sociais híbridas entre visões de mundo modernas e tradicionais - são as materialidades dos seus modos de vida que explicam as aparentes contradições nos seus atos. Desta forma, consideramos a análise das representações sociais uma ferramenta importante na identificação das razões que levam a violações da legislação, que por sua vez podem indicar conflitos ambientais duradouros entre estes grupos e o aparelho repressivo do Estado.

Intervenções psicossociais no sistema carcerário feminino

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Marcela Ataide Guedes

Full Text Available Um dos meios de percepção do crescimento da violência na sociedade atual pode ser mensurado pelo aumento da população carcerária, o que pode favorecer a violação dos direitos humanos. Considerando os poucos dados disponíveis, o presente trabalho buscou investigar essa população, visando a contribuir para a produção de conhecimento sobre esse grupo. Por meio do plantão psicológico, realizado numa delegacia de Belo Horizonte, MG, acolhemos demandas espontâneas de sessenta e sete mulheres, de agosto de 2004 a julho de 2005. A faixa etária das mulheres variou de dezoito a quarenta e dois anos, e o tempo de prisão, de um a trinta e seis meses. A análise temática dos assuntos abordados pelas mulheres aprisionadas salientou características como o cotidiano prisional, a maternidade/relações familiares, as vivências amorosas internas/externas e as relações de gênero. Foram apontadas estratégias individuais e coletivas que visam a facilitar a dinâmica interna cotidiana: o apego aos filhos/familiares, as práticas religiosas, as oficinas de artesanato, o trabalho na limpeza e as relações amorosas internas.

Memórias coletivas de mulheres que vivenciaram o near miss materno: necessidades de saúde e direitos humanos

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Cláudia de Azevedo Aguiar

Full Text Available Resumo: Mulheres que vivenciaram o near miss materno podem, por meio de suas memórias coletivas, ajudar na compreensão dos eventos obstétricos graves, como a morte materna. A experiência das pessoas é autêntica e representativa do todo com a construção de uma identidade comum. É a identidade que dá qualidade à memória de um grupo. Assim, cada memória é um fenômeno social. Analisou-se a experiência de 12 mulheres que quase morreram em função do estado gravídico-puerperal. O método da história oral temática foi utilizado, na perspectiva das necessidades de saúde e direitos humanos. Seis memórias coletivas compuseram os discursos: necessidades de saúde não atendidas; deficiências assistenciais; privação do contato com o filho; violação de direitos; ausência de reivindicação dos direitos; e compensações dos direitos e necessidades não atendidos. Compreender as necessidades de saúde dessas mulheres é reconhecê-las como sujeitos de direitos; é individualizar a assistência, respeitando sua autonomia, garantindo o acesso às tecnologias e estabelecendo vínculo (aefetivo com o profissional de saúde

Mass textures and wolfenstein parameters from breaking the flavour permutational symmetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mondragon, A; Rivera, T. [Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico,Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Rodriguez Jauregui, E. [Deutsches Elekronen-Synchrotron, Theory Group, Hamburg (Germany)

2001-12-01

We will give an overview of recent progress in the phenomenological study of quark mass matrices, quark flavour mixings and CP-violation with emphasis on the possibility of an underlying discrete, flavour permutational symmetry and its breaking, from which realistic models of mass generation could be built. The quark mixing angles and CP-violating phase, as well as the Wolfenstein parameters are given in terms of four quark mass ratios and only two parameters (Z{sup 1}/2, {phi}) characterizing the symmetry breaking pattern. Excellent agreement with all current experimental data is found. [Spanish] Daremos una visita panoramica del progreso reciente en el estudio fenomenologico de las matrices de masas y de mezclas del sabor de los quarks y la violacion de PC, con enfasis en la posibilidad de que, subyacentes al problema, se halle una simetria discreta, permutacional del sabor y su rompimiento a partir de las cuales se puedan construir modelos realistas de la generacion de las masas. Los angulos de mezcla de los quarks y la fase que viola CP, asi como los parametros de Wolfenstein se dan en terminos de cuatro razones de masas de los quarks y solamente dos parametros (Z{sup 1}/2, {phi}) que caracterizan el patron del rompimiento de la simetria. Los resultados se encuentran en excelente acuerdo con todos los datos experimentales mas recientes.

A sociedade civil e os conflitos na construção dos megaeventos esportivos no Brasil

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Silvia Cristina Franco Amaral

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo foi analisar a atuação e articulação da sociedade civil na resistência contra a remoção forçada das comunidades em localidades próximas às construções de equipamentos para os megaeventos esportivos. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-interpretativa realizada em duas etapas: na primeira, coletaram-se dados nos jornais Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo (Estadão; e, na segunda, no Portal Popular da Copa e das Olimpíadas. Constatou-se que o processo de remoção forçada de comunidades tem ocorrido em diversas cidades sedes dos megaeventos esportivos, atingindo as camadas sociais menos favorecida da população. A sociedade civil tem se organizado pela Articulação Nacional dos Comitês Populares da Copa (Ancop, que reúne as ações dos comitês populares de cada cidade sede, utilizando diferentes formas de ação na luta contra a violação dos direitos. Os repertórios centrais são ocupações de prédios públicos, práticas de protestos, criação de dossiês, abaixo-assinados e postagens de vídeos em redes sociais.

CITY DESIGN : THE NEED FOR A SPATIAL IDENTITY AND THE ROLE OF PUBLIC ART. A SEMIOTIC APPROACH. PIPILOTTI RIST AND BILL VIOLA IN VENICE

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Verena Lenna

2008-10-01

Full Text Available As far as the construction of a community’s identity and territory is concerned, the question about the usefulness of a project of public art is a priority in any kind of initiative. Especially when the public dimension makes the intervention subject to ideological manipulations. It is necessary to establish if the potentialities of the work of art are worthy of the risk of its exploitation. I’ll try to answer to this question on one hand stressing the importance of the spatial support in the construction of new territorial identities. On the other hand I’ll specify the ways in which the artistic device can help this process. I ‘m proposing semiotics as an instrument of control: the reason lays in the communicational value of the artistic project and in its cognitive role in terms of image. The power of image is in its figurative features, but also in the ability of continuously establishing webs of relations, possibly subject to manipulation. Semiotics contributes with the description of values underlay to a specific artistic project, as a deep founding level of its conception: at the same time, itenables us with the possibility to control those meaning distortions which can transform the artistic project in a disaggregating factor.

EU MENINA NEGRA – REFLEXÕES PÓS-SIMPÓSIO SER NEGRA

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Zora Yonara Torres Costa

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Este ensaio é o resultado do trabalho apresentado no Seminário Sernegra, em 2013, que foi organizado pelo Instituto Federal de Brasília – IFB. Propõe refletir se é possível uma pessoa negra viver, diante do racismo no modelo de sociedade vigente. Sendo assim, a abordagem teórico-metodológica utilizada neste trabalho foi catalogar casos de racismo e fazer uma reflexão acerca da violação de direitos das pessoas negras. Destaca-se que as ações afirmativas da Universidade de Brasília – UNB registraram dados que demonstram a importância das cotas raciais, pois nos últimos quatro anos, cerca de 41% dos novos alunos e alunas que ingressaram na UNB são negros e negras. Existe também uma pesquisa realizada em 2010 pela Rede de Informação Tecnológica Latino-Americana – RITLA, com quase dez mil estudantes de escolas públicas do Distrito Federal, que demonstrou que infelizmente o racismo impera e é naturalizado no espaço da escola. Cerca de 55,7% dos alunos admitiram ter assistido a situações de discriminação racial dentro do colégio. O presente trabalho também propõe refletir sobre as violações de direitos, como racismo, as implicações em relação à exploração sexual e trabalho infantil, e estabelecer um debate da atuação dos IF’s nesta desconstrução do racismo por meio da educação.Palavras-Chave: Criança Negra; Racismo; Identidade; Violência. Abstract:This essay is the result of the work presented at the Being Black Seminar in 2013, which was organized by the Federal Institute of Brasilia - IFB. It proposes to reflect whether it is possible for a black person to live with the racism of the current social model. Thus, the theoretical-methodological approach used in this work was cataloging the racism cases and making a reflection about the violation of the black people’s rights. It is noteworthy that affirmative actions at the University of Brasilia - UNB reported data that demonstrate the

Oral conditions and dysphagia in Japanese, community-dwelling middle- and older- aged adults, independent in daily living

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Inui A

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Akinari Inui,1 Ippei Takahashi,2 Sizuka Kurauchi,2 Yuki Soma,2 Toshiaki Oyama,1 Yoshihiro Tamura,1 Takao Noguchi,1 Kouichi Murashita,3 Shigeyuki Nakaji,2 Wataru Kobayashi1 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2Department of Social Medicine, 3COI Research Initiatives Organization, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Japan Purpose: Prevention, early detection and effective rehabilitation of dysphagia are important issues to be considered in an aging society. Previous studies have shown conflicting findings regarding the association between dysphagia and its potential risk factors, including age, malnutrition, oral conditions, lifestyle and medical history. Herein, we assessed the prevalence and association of dysphagia with potential risk factors in 50- to 79-year-old adults dwelling in a community in Japan. Patients and methods: In this study, there were 532 participants (185 males and 347 females. Participants who responded positively to the question “Do you sometimes choke on drinks/food such as tea and soup?” or those who presented with abnormal repetitive saliva swallowing test findings were diagnosed with dysphagia. The data collected from these participants included the following: number of teeth, occurrence of oral dryness, age, body mass index, serum albumin concentration, smoking, drinking and exercise habits, presence of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and questions from the Mini–Mental State Examination. Results: Dysphagia was observed in 33 males (17.8% and 76 females (21.9%. To explore the effect of the potential risk factors on the prevalence of dysphagia, a model was built by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Using the forced entry method, oral dryness (odds ratio [OR] =3.683 and P=0.003 in males; OR =1.797 and P=0.032 in females and the number of teeth (OR =0.946 and P=0.038 in males were found to be significantly related to dysphagia

Strategies for reducing body fat mass: effects of liposuction and exercise on cardiovascular risk factors and adiposity

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Benatti FB

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Fabiana Braga Benatti1, Fábio Santos Lira2, Lila Missae Oyama2, Cláudia Maria da Penha Oller do Nascimento2, Antonio Herbert Lancha Junior11School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of Physiology, Division of Nutrition Physiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilAbstract: Liposuction is the most popular aesthetic surgery performed in Brazil and worldwide. Evidence showing that adipose tissue is a metabolically active tissue has led to the suggestion that liposuction could be a viable method for improving metabolic profile through the immediate loss of adipose tissue. However, the immediate liposuction-induced increase in the proportion of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue could be detrimental to metabolism, because a high proportion of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The results of studies investigating the effects of liposuction on the metabolic profile are inconsistent, however, with most studies reporting either no change or improvements in one or more cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, animal studies have demonstrated a compensatory growth of intact adipose tissue in response to lipectomy, although studies with humans have reported inconsistent results. Exercise training improves insulin sensitivity, inflammatory balance, lipid oxidation, and adipose tissue distribution; increases or preserves the fat-free mass; and increases total energy expenditure. Thus, liposuction and exercise appear to directly affect metabolism in similar ways, which suggests a possible interaction between these two strategies. To our knowledge, no studies have reported the associated effects of liposuction and exercise in humans. Nonetheless, one could suggest that exercise training associated with liposuction could attenuate or even block the possible compensatory fat deposition in intact depots or regrowth of the

Nascimento da Raia-viola, Zapteryx brevirostris (Müller & Henle (Chondrichthyes, Rhinobatidae, em cativeiro Birth of guitarfish, Zapteryx brevirostris (Müller & Henle (Chondrichthyes, Rhinobatidae in captivity

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Manoel M. B. Gonzalez

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Um exemplar fêmea de Zapteryx brevirostris foi capturada na Ilha Queimada Grande, Itanhaém, São Paulo em 19/II/2002, e transportada para o cativeiro do Núcleo de Pesquisa e Estudo em Chondrichthyes (NUPEC. Em 21/II/2002, a fêmea pariu seis filhotes (três machos e três fêmeas. Este é o primeiro registro de nascimento de Z. brevirostris em cativeiro.A female of Zapteryx brevirostris were caught at Queimada Grande Island, Itanhaém, São Paulo on 19/II/2002, and transported to Núcleo de Pesquisa e Estudo em Chondrichthyes (NUPEC captivities. At 21/II/2002, the female gave birth to six pups (three males and three females. This is a first birth record of Z. brevirostris in captivity.

Oils and source rocks from the Anadarko Basin: Final report, March 1, 1985-March 15, 1995

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Philp, R. P. [School of Geology and Geophysics, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

1996-11-01

The research project investigated various geochemical aspects of oils, suspected source rocks, and tar sands collected from the Anadarko Basin, Oklahoma. The information has been used, in general, to investigate possible sources for the oils in the basin, to study mechanisms of oil generation and migration, and characterization of depositional environments. The major thrust of the recent work involved characterization of potential source formations in the Basin in addition to the Woodford shale. The formations evaluated included the Morrow, Springer, Viola, Arbuckle, Oil Creek, and Sylvan shales. A good distribution of these samples was obtained from throughout the basin and were evaluated in terms of source potential and thermal maturity based on geochemical characteristics. The data were incorporated into a basin modelling program aimed at predicting the quantities of oil that could, potentially, have been generated from each formation. The study of crude oils was extended from our earlier work to cover a much wider area of the basin to determine the distribution of genetically-related oils, and whether or not they were derived from single or multiple sources, as well as attempting to correlate them with their suspected source formations. Recent studies in our laboratory also demonstrated the presence of high molecular weight components(C{sub 4}-C{sub 80}) in oils and waxes from drill pipes of various wells in the region. Results from such a study will have possible ramifications for enhanced oil recovery and reservoir engineering studies.

On Hamlet's Crypt: Effi Briest, Asta Nielsen, Aand Britney Spears

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Viola Kolarov

2011-10-01

Full Text Available This contribution looks at the way instinct is transmitted and represented as ghost appearance. The essay elaborates two basic theses: first, that instinct is not defined by creaturely heritage, since it is not a testable structure in itself, nor subject to mourning and developmental processes; and second, that works of fine literature and pop oeuvres alike may serve as carriers of a ghost transmission charged with instinctive heritage. The study represents a model for reading ghostly genealogies that complement the familiar and familial reproductive ones as it draws on traditions such as the adultery novel, continental philosophy, psychoanalysis, and Disney. Currently based in Berlin, Viola Kolarov has taught in the German Departments of the Johns Hopkins University and New York University. She has published on Shakespeare, contemporary art, film, and pop culture. Her forthcoming book, “Shakespeare and the Autobiography of the Machine Age,” rethinks Goethe, the German translation/transmission of Shakespeare, and the German literary tradition in the contexts of media technology. Originally from Berlin, Susanne Lanckowsky entered the Academy of Fine Arts Karlsruhe, class of Franz Ackermann, in 2007. Since 2009 she has shown solo and in group on numerous occasions and studied abroad with prestigious scholarship support for one semester at the Faculdade de Belas Artes Universidade do Porto, Portugal, and for another semester at the Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado La Esmeralda in Mexico.

A INCLUSÃO SOCIAL DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA, SOB O VIÉS DA PROTEÇÃO UNIVERSAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS

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Telma Rostelato

2010-02-01

Full Text Available O artigo aborda a problemática vivenciada pelas pessoascom de ciência, para poderem ser incluídas na sociedade,apesar da existência do grandioso rol de direitos contempladosàquela categoria de pessoas, tornando-se, não raras vezes,inócuos, face à impossibilidade de efetivação dos mesmos. Parafrisar a responsabilidade do Estado brasileiro, demonstra que omesmo consta como um dos países signatários de instrumentosinternacionais, tais como a Convenção Internacional dos Direitos daPessoa com De ciência, comprometendo-se formalmente, em zelarpelo rechaçamento de tratamento preconceituoso e discriminatórioàs pessoas com de ciência. Estabelece como contraponto do estudo,a di culdade para a efetivação dos direitos humanos, esclarecendoseque o reconhecimento do respeito aos direitos das pessoas comde ciência, mediante elevação à seara dos Direitos Humanos, aindanão se tornou su ciente, para afastar as freqüentes afrontas aosdireitos fundamentais desta categoria de pessoas, fator para o qualdeve-se chamar a atenção dos familiares, da sociedade e do Estadobrasileiro, na pessoa de seus governantes, a m de adotar medidasurgentes, modi cadoras deste panorama, antes que se implementemirreversíveis violações à dignidade humana destas pessoas, denotandoverdadeiros desastres a registrarem-se negativamente na história dosdireitos humanos.

The influence of stages of maturity on the agronomic traits of fibre flax introduced varieties

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Jasminka Butorac

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The harvest time of fibre flax is influenced by climatic conditions, varieties, stages of maturity and the crop’s final use. In addition, the time of harvesting of fibre flax affects the quality of the fibres. Fibre flax can be harvested in few stages of maturity. So, this paper presents the influence of three stages of maturity (green, yellow and full ripening on the agronomic traits (stem yield, stem yield after retting, total fibre yield, share of total fibre, long fibre yield, share of long fibre of five fibre flax varieties. Varieties trials with fibre flax were set up in two years (2010-2011 and in two locations: at the experimental fields of the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb on eutric cambisol and of the College of Agriculture at Križevci on pseudogley on level terrain. The trials were carried out according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD with four replications. According to the results of the two-years research into the agronomic traits of fibre flax, significant differences were established among the varieties and among the stages of maturity under study. The varieties Agatha, Viola and Electra recorded higher values of investigated traits. All varieties achieved higher values of investigated traits at Križevci (production on heavier soil in which some of winter moisture remained available in spring months. The highest values of investigated traits were recorded when the fibre flax were harvested in the green ripening.

Simultaneous EEG and EMG biofeedback for peak performance in musicians.

Science.gov (United States)

Markovska-Simoska, Silvana; Pop-Jordanova, Nada; Georgiev, Dejan

2008-07-01

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of alpha neurofeedback and EMG biofeedback protocols for improvement of musical performance in violinists. The sample consisted of 12 music students (10 violinists and 2 viola players) from the Faculty of Music, Skopje (3 males, mean age of 20 +/- 0 and 9 females, mean age = 20.89 +/- 2.98). Six of them had a low alpha peak frequency (APF) ( 10 Hz). The sample was randomized in two groups. The students from the experimental group participated in 20 sessions of biofeedback (alpha/EMG), combined with music practice, while the students from the control group did only music practice. Average absolute power, interhemispheric coherence in the alpha band, alpha peak frequency (APF), individual alpha band width (IABW), amount of alpha suppression (AAS) and surface forehead integrated EMG power (IEMG), as well as a score on musical performance and inventories measuring anxiety, were assessed. Alpha-EEG/EMG-biofeedback was associated with a significant increase in average alpha power, APF and IABW in all the participants and with decreases in IEMG only in high-APF musicians. The biofeedback training success was positively correlated with the alpha power, IcoH, APF, IABW and baseline level of APF and IABW. Alpha-EEG/EMG biofeedback is capable of increasing voluntary self-regulation and the quality of musical performance. The efficiency of biofeedback training depends on the baseline EEG alpha activity status, in particular the APF.

Weeds in spring cereal fields in Finland - a third survey

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J. SALONEN

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A survey of weeds in spring cereal fields was conducted in 16 regions of southern and central Finland in 1997-1999. Data were collected from conventional and organic farms, both of which applied their normal cropping practices. A total of 690 fields were investigated by counting and weighing the weed species from ten sample quadrats 0.1 m2 in size in late July - early August. Altogether 160 weed species were found, of which 134 were broad-leaved and 26 grass species. The total number of weed species ranged from 41 to 84 between regions. In organically farmed fields, the average species number was 24 and in conventionally farmed fields 16. The most frequent weed species were Viola arvensis 84%, Stellaria media 76% and Galeopsis spp. 70%. Only 18 species exceeded the frequency level of 33%. The average density of weeds was 136 m-2 (median= 91 in sprayed conventional fields, 420 m-2 (374 in unsprayed conventional fields and 469 m-2 (395 in organic fields. The average air-dry above-ground biomass of weeds was 163 kg ha-1 (median=63, 605 kg ha-1 (413 and 678 kg ha-1 (567, respectively. Weed biomass accounted for 3% of the total biomass of the crop stand in sprayed conventional fields and for 17% in organic fields. Elymus repens, the most frequent grass species, produced the highest proportion of weed biomass.

A pedagogia no combate ao trabalho infantil no município de Boa Vista

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Lysne Nôzenir Camelo de Lima

2013-09-01

Full Text Available O trabalho infantil expõe as crianças a vários riscos, prejudicando seu desenvolvimento e configura-se como violação de direito. O trabalho apresenta a pedagogia utilizada pelo PETI em Boa Vista; o procedimento foi aplicado através de entrevista semi-estruturada e questionários, aos gestores e as crianças do programa, com enfoque qualitativo e quantitativo, avaliando a participação e satisfação dos integrantes e seus familiares. O PETI tem a finalidade de erradicar as diversas formas de trabalho infantil, assim como retirar das ruas crianças e/ou adolescentes. Sendo o seu público alvo crianças e/ou adolescentes na faixa etária de 07 (sete a 15 (quinze anos de idade. Dentre as ações desenvolvidas estão a de caráter protetivo e sócioeducativo, que compreendem: atividades ludopedagógicas, palestras preventivas e educativas, esportes, artesanatos, músicas e etc. Nesse contexto, cabe ao PETI, como programa estratégico, contribuindo para erradicação do trabalho infantil no Município de Boa Vista. Oportunizando assim as crianças e adolescentes assim como suas famílias a terem uma vida melhor. No resultado final, constatou-se o compromisso em erradicar o trabalho infantil em Boa Vista, priorizando o atendimento as famílias, através da educação social.

Nuclear Data Evaluations at Manipal University: A=260-265. Status Report: March 31, 2011 to March 31, 2013

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gupta, M. [Manipal University, Manipal (India); Burrows, T. W. [Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Nuclear Data Center, Upton, NY (United States)

2013-08-15

A=260-265: The evaluation methodology developed in 2005Gu33 (A=266-294) has been applied to the mass region A=260-265. While the evaluation technique is based on 1992Ba77, additional evaluation tools include using the approximations of 1984Sc13 for estimates of half-lives and an updated parameter set for the Viola-Seaborg phenomenology (1966Vi04). The nuclides which form the subject matter of the present evaluation were covered in 1999Ar21, 1999Ak02, and 2001Ak11 and 2000Fi12 ({sup 265}Rf). New data are available and an update is due. Also, some of the {alpha}-decay mass chains from heavier nuclei (A{>=}266) end in this region and it was felt that the same evaluation methodology adopted for (distant) ancestors could be usefully extended to descendants within a given {alpha}-decay chain for consistency and uniformity of treatment. In instances where no new data are available, a re-evaluation of existing data within this internally consistent framework also yields useful information. The current evaluation spans about 9 elements comprising about Almost-Equal-To 31 observed nuclides. Approximately 40% of these nuclides have been experimentally studied using chemical techniques which often provide increased statistics and could be used for independent verification of the data. Relevant experimental quantities such as information on cross-sections and atomic properties derived from chemical studies are also provided. Future plans are presented.

Fundamentos históricos e teóricos da noção de soberania: a contribuição dos "Papas juristas" do século XIII

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Raquel Kritsch

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a contribuição do pensamento eclesiástico medieval tardio para a formação do conceito de soberania. Como o Estado moderno, tal conceito tem uma gênese demorada: é parte de um processo de transformação jurídica e política, do qual resulta um novo mapeamento do poder e das lealdades na Europa. A conformação desse novo sistema de poder tem como contrapartida a constituição de uma nova ordem jurídica. Essa ordem redefine os vínculos de comando e obediência, constituindo unida des políticas como áreas de jurisdição exclusiva e estabelecendo, entre essas unidades, relações de igualdade: nenhuma se reconhece como subordinada a outra. Todas essas questões podem ser entendidas como disputas de jurisdição. Trata-se de saber quem julga e quem pune delitos civis ou violações de normas religiosas. Os poderes de legislar, de mudar a lei, de resolver como últi ma instância e de controlar o uso da violência constituem o que os autores modernos nomearam soberania. Apontar a contribuição dos chamados Papas juristas do século XIII para a formulação de alguns elementos centrais a esta definição é a tarefa a ser leva da a cabo neste estudo.

“Não é propriamente um crime”: considerações sobre pirataria e consumo de música digital

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Gisela Castro

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Esse trabalho pretende discutir a delicada questão dos direitos autorais na esteira das transformações nas práticas de circulação e consumo de música. Levantamento feito com universitários paulistanos confirma hipótese inicial de que, apesar das campanhas movidas pela indústria fonográfica que visam criminalizar o download gratuito, esta continua sendo prática corriqueira entre esses jovens e que considerações sobre possível violação de direitos autorais são postas em segundo plano. Dos indagados sobre o assunto, a maioria considerou que o download gratuito “não é propriamente um crime”, tendo se tornado “uma prática normal na cultura atual”. Palavras-chave: Música digital; internet; consumo; pirataria; direitos autorais. ABSTRACT This paper aims to discuss the delicate question of copyrights within the current transformations in the practices of music circulation and consumption. A survey focused on university students in São Paulo confirms our initial hipothesis that, despite anti-piracy campaigns promoted by the phonographic industry, which considers free music download a violation of copyrights, this practice is commonplace among these youths. Considerations about possible copyrights infringement tend to be disregarded.When questioned about this subject, most respondents argued that free music download is “not exactly a crime”, having become “a normal practice in today’s culture”. Keywords: Digital music; internet; consumption; piracy; copyrights.

3D Seismic Reflection Amplitude and Instantaneous Frequency Attributes in Mapping Thin Hydrocarbon Reservoir Lithofacies: Morrison NE Field and Morrison Field, Clark County, KS

Science.gov (United States)

Raef, Abdelmoneam; Totten, Matthew; Vohs, Andrew; Linares, Aria

2017-12-01

Thin hydrocarbon reservoir facies pose resolution challenges and waveform-signature opportunities in seismic reservoir characterization and prospect identification. In this study, we present a case study, where instantaneous frequency variation in response to a thin hydrocarbon pay zone is analyzed and integrated with other independent information to explain drilling results and optimize future drilling decisions. In Morrison NE Field, some wells with poor economics have resulted from well-placement incognizant of reservoir heterogeneities. The study area in Clark County, Kanas, USA, has been covered by a surface 3D seismic reflection survey in 2010. The target horizon is the Viola limestone, which continues to produce from 7 of the 12 wells drilled within the survey area. Seismic attributes extraction and analyses were conducted with emphasis on instantaneous attributes and amplitude anomalies to better understand and predict reservoir heterogeneities and their control on hydrocarbon entrapment settings. We have identified a higher instantaneous frequency, lower amplitude seismic facies that is in good agreement with distinct lithofacies that exhibit better (higher porosity) reservoir properties, as inferred from well-log analysis and petrographic inspection of well cuttings. This study presents a pre-drilling, data-driven approach of identifying sub-resolution reservoir seismic facies in a carbonate formation. This workflow will assist in placing new development wells in other locations within the area. Our low amplitude high instantaneous frequency seismic reservoir facies have been corroborated by findings based on well logs, petrographic analysis data, and drilling results.

Novel observations of larval fire survival, feeding behavior, and host plant use in the regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia (Drury) (Nymphalidae)

Science.gov (United States)

McCullough, Kelsey; Albanese, Gene; Haukos, David A.

2017-01-01

Speyeria idalia is a prairie specialist that has experienced dramatic population declines throughout its range. Speyeria idalia is nearly extirpated from the eastern portion of its former range; however, populations within Kansas are relatively stable. We made several previously undescribed field observations of late-instar larvae and post-diapause female S. idalia in northeastern Kansas during 2014–2016. We report finding late-instar larvae at locations that were burned within weeks of detection. The observations of larvae shortly following a burn suggests that S. idalia larvae are capable of surviving fire and contradicts our current knowledge of this species. Additionally, we describe a feeding behavior characteristic of late-instar larvae. Larvae observed in the field and lab stripped leaves of host plants leaving only stems. This strip-style feeding behavior provided unique feeding evidence that was valuable to detecting the presence of larvae in the field. Finally, we documented larvae and post-diapause, egg depositing females using Viola sororia. The use of this relatively widespread and common plant by S. idalia populations in the Central Great Plains has only been implicitly documented but may have important conservation implications. These novel observations further our knowledge of the ecology of this imperiled species and provide timely information that may improve research and conservation management efforts directed toward S. idalia populations.

Cyanobacteria as an Experimental Platform for Modifying Bacterial and Plant Photosynthesis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jensen, Poul Erik [Copenhagen Plant Science Center (CPSC), Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Denmark); Leister, Dario, E-mail: leister@lmu.de [Copenhagen Plant Science Center (CPSC), Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Denmark); Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department of Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich (Germany)

2014-04-21

One of the fascinating characteristics of photosynthesis is its capacity for repair, self-renewal, and energy storage within chemical bonds. Given the evolutionary history of plant photosynthesis and the patchwork nature of many of its components, it is safe to assume that the light reactions of plant photosynthesis can be improved by genetic engineering (Leister, 2012). The evolutionary precursor of chloroplasts was a microorganism whose biochemistry was very similar to that of present-day cyanobacteria. Many cyanobacterial species are easy to manipulate genetically and grow robustly in liquid cultures that can be easily scaled up into photobioreactors. Therefore, cyanobacteria such as Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (hereafter “Synechocystis”) have widely been used for decades as model systems to study the principles of photosynthesis (Table 1). Indeed, genetic engineering based on homologous recombination is well-established in Synechocystis. Moreover, new genetic engineering toolkits, including marker-less gene deletion and replacement strategies needing only a single transformation step (Viola et al., 2014) and novel approaches for chromosomal integration and expression of synthetic gene operons (Bentley et al., 2014), allow for large-scale replacement and/or integration of dozens of genes in reasonable time frames. This makes Synechocystis a very attractive basis for the experimental modification of important processes like photosynthesis, and it also suggests innovative ways of improving modules of related eukaryotic pathways, among them the combination of cyanobacterial and eukaryotic elements using the tools of synthetic biology.

Estudio jurídico sobre la aplicación del proceso sancionatorio ambiental para la protección de la fauna silvestre en tres municipios del departamento del Chocó, 2005-2010

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Lisneider Hinestroza Cuesta

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El régimen sancionatorio ambiental se define como el conjunto de normas, procedimientos y/o acciones utilizados para imponer los correctivos administrativos y castigar al que infringe o viola las normas ambientales vigentes, para garantizar la conservación del medio ambiente y el uso racional de los recursos naturales. Con el objetivo de analizar desde un enfoque jurídico su aplicación y el cumplimiento de las funciones administrativas de las Autoridades Ambientales, asignadas por la Ley 99 de 1993, la Ley 1333 de 2009, decretos y resoluciones que la reglamentan, se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptivo en los municipios de Istmina, Riosucio y Quibdó, en el departamento del Chocó, a partir del estudio de casos, análisis de legislación ambiental nacional y jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional colombiana, determinando las competencias de la autoridad ambiental con jurisdicción en la región (Corporación Autónoma Regional para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Chocó, CODECHOCÓ. No existen reportes concretos sobre la imposición de sanciones ambientales para la protección del recurso fauna durante los años 2005 a 2010 y se presentan en medios de comunicación local y por la comunidad en general cuestionamientos sobre el ejercicio de la potestad sancionatoria de esta autoridad ambiental.

Construção social, materialidade e identidade na relação instrumento-instrumentista : explorando novos caminhos na sociologia da música

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Pedro dos Santos Boia

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Grounded on a research about the viola and violist, this article deals with wider questions related to the sociological approach to music at the epistemological, theoretical and methodological levels, which the author considers to be particularly relevant nowadays. The need to capture the music “itself” – including its materiality – in sociological analysis (avoiding the loss of the object that happens in the approaches grounded on the notion of “art worlds” and also, up to a considerable extent, in the perspectives based on the tradition of French structuralism should be highlighted, as well as the urgency to overcome the dichotomy between the “aesthetic” and the “social”. The proposals presented here derive from the articulation of the author’s own work with other recent developments in music sociology (specifically DeNora and Hennion, as well as in the psychology of music (E. Clarke. The importance of elements from ANT (actor-network theory, specifically Latour, Bourdieu’s “theory of practice” and of certain analytical frameworks and studies developed within social psychology must be stressed as well, as these constitute important resources for the research and discussion. Methodologically, this case study consists on a critical historiography of the instrument based on documental analysis, combined with ethnography (participation-observation afforded by the double-status of the author as a sociologist and a violist. Additionally, semi-structured interviews have been made to violists and other musicians

Cyanobacteria as an Experimental Platform for Modifying Bacterial and Plant Photosynthesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jensen, Poul Erik; Leister, Dario

2014-01-01

One of the fascinating characteristics of photosynthesis is its capacity for repair, self-renewal, and energy storage within chemical bonds. Given the evolutionary history of plant photosynthesis and the patchwork nature of many of its components, it is safe to assume that the light reactions of plant photosynthesis can be improved by genetic engineering (Leister, 2012). The evolutionary precursor of chloroplasts was a microorganism whose biochemistry was very similar to that of present-day cyanobacteria. Many cyanobacterial species are easy to manipulate genetically and grow robustly in liquid cultures that can be easily scaled up into photobioreactors. Therefore, cyanobacteria such as Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (hereafter “Synechocystis”) have widely been used for decades as model systems to study the principles of photosynthesis (Table 1). Indeed, genetic engineering based on homologous recombination is well-established in Synechocystis. Moreover, new genetic engineering toolkits, including marker-less gene deletion and replacement strategies needing only a single transformation step (Viola et al., 2014) and novel approaches for chromosomal integration and expression of synthetic gene operons (Bentley et al., 2014), allow for large-scale replacement and/or integration of dozens of genes in reasonable time frames. This makes Synechocystis a very attractive basis for the experimental modification of important processes like photosynthesis, and it also suggests innovative ways of improving modules of related eukaryotic pathways, among them the combination of cyanobacterial and eukaryotic elements using the tools of synthetic biology.

Charge degree of freedom as a sensitive probe for fission mechanism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yokoyama, A.; Baba, H.; Takahashi, N.; Duh, M.C.; Saito, T.

1997-01-01

The role of the charge degree of freedom in the heavy-ion-induced fission was investigated by carrying out a systematic analysis of radiochemically observed charge distribution in the fission of 238 U with 12 C ions of the incident energy between 85 and 140 MeV, particularly in connection with the energy given to the compound system. The charge distribution was found to follow essentially identical systematics as those which govern the light-ion fission except for the extremely weak energy dependence of the most probable charge Z p . That is, values of the derivative of Z p with respect to the energy were found to be quite small, or nearly zero, in the heavy-ion fission as compared to those of the light-ion fission. According to an analysis combining the derivatives of Z p and fission neutron data, it was deduced that the excess energy given to the fused system was spent completely in the form of pre-scission neutrons and hence the number of post-scission neutrons remained constant as in the case of light-ion fission. The observed charge distribution was reproduced under the conditions that the relaxation of the charge degree of freedom be very fast and that the separation between the two potential fragments at the moment when the charge degree of freedom has been frozen is determined by using Viola's systematics on the fragment kinetic energy. (author)

Eye malformations in Cameroonian children: a clinical survey

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Eballé AO

2012-10-01

Full Text Available André Omgbwa Eballé,1,2 Augustin Ellong,3 Godefroy Koki,3 Ngoune Chantal Nanfack,3 Viola Andin Dohvoma,3 Côme Ebana Mvogo2,31Yaoundé Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon; 2Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon; 3Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, CameroonSummary: The aim of this work was to describe the clinical aspects of eye malformations observed at the ophthalmology unit of the Yaoundé Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital.Patients and methods: We carried out a retrospective study of all malformations of the eye and its adnexae observed among children aged 0–5 years who were seen at the ophthalmology unit from January 2003 to December 2009.Results: Out of the 2254 children who were examined, 150 (6.65% presented eye malformations. The mean age was 14.40 ± 4 months. Eye malformations were diagnosed in 71.66% of cases during the first year of life. The most frequent malformations were congenital lacrimal duct obstruction (66.66%, congenital cataract (10.9%, congenital glaucoma (10.9%, microphthalmos (5.03%, and congenital ptosis (3.77%.Conclusion: Eye malformations among children can lead to visual impairment and are a cause for discomfort to children and parents. Therefore, systematic postnatal screening is recommended to enable early management.Keywords: malformations, ophthalmology, child, Cameroon

The phytocoenoses of anthropogenically transformed areas with a great importance for Apoidea

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Małgorzata Wrzesień

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The paper indicates the phytocenoses most rich in bee taxons and occurring in habitats located along railway lines crossing Lublin Upland. To date, in the study area 124 basic phytocoenoses have been discovered, described and classifi ed into 12 different synecological groups. Among 52 phytocoenoses, the participation of bee flora was considerable. Most voluble phytocoenoses represent ruderal and segetal associations (Artemisietea vulgaris, Stellarietea mediae classes - 87 species, meadow and pasture associations (Mollinio-Arrhenatheretea - 56 species, psammophilous and xerothermic grasslands (Festuco- Brometea, Koelerio glauce-Corynophoretea canescensis - 38 species, thermophilous forest edge communities and thickets (Trifolio-Geranietea and Rhamno-Prunetea - 33 species. Significantly fewer melliferous and polleniferous taxons were noticed in mesophilous deciduous forests or thermophilous oak forests - 29 species. Most simple in structure and species richness are associations with Rumex acetosa, Reseda lutea, Linaria vulgaris, Papaver rhoeas, Cirsium arvense, Oenothera biennis, Viola arvensis and Potentilletum anserine or Sisymbrietum altissimi. The communities form patches (15-20 m2 with 80-100% cover of the diagnostic taxon and are of low or medium stability. The most persistent and floristically stable are Tanaceto Artemisietum, Rudbeckio- Solidaginetum, Echio-Melilotetum, Sambucetum nigrae, Rubo fruticosi-Prunetum spinosae and communities with Rosa rugosa, Rubus caesius, Geranium robertianum, Pastinaca sativa, Trifolium medium or Euphorbia cyparissias. The maintenance of the mosaic of phytocoenoses in anthropogenically transformed habitats, including those along railway lines, is of decisive importance for the protection of floristic diversity and adaptation processes of Apoidea.

Review of potential environmental impacts of transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Cerdeira, Antonio L; Gazziero, Dionsio L P; Duke, Stephen O; Matallo, Marcus B; Spadotto, Claudio A

2007-01-01

Transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybeans (GRS) have been commercialized and grown extensively in the Western Hemisphere, including Brazil. Worldwide, several studies have shown that previous and potential effects of glyphosate on contamination of soil, water, and air are minimal, compared to those caused by the herbicides that they replace when GRS are adopted. In the USA and Argentina, the advent of glyphosate-resistant soybeans resulted in a significant shift to reduced- and no-tillage practices, thereby significantly reducing environmental degradation by agriculture. Similar shifts in tillage practiced with GRS might be expected in Brazil. Transgenes encoding glyphosate resistance in soybeans are highly unlikely to be a risk to wild plant species in Brazil. Soybean is almost completely self-pollinated and is a non-native species in Brazil, without wild relatives, making introgression of transgenes from GRS virtually impossible. Probably the highest agricultural risk in adopting GRS in Brazil is related to weed resistance. Weed species in GRS fields have shifted in Brazil to those that can more successfully withstand glyphosate or to those that avoid the time of its application. These include Chamaesyce hirta (erva-de-Santa-Luzia), Commelina benghalensis (trapoeraba), Spermacoce latifolia (erva-quente), Richardia brasiliensis (poaia-branca), and Ipomoea spp. (corda-de-viola). Four weed species, Conyza bonariensis, Conyza Canadensis (buva), Lolium multiflorum (azevem), and Euphorbia heterophylla (amendoim bravo), have evolved resistance to glyphosate in GRS in Brazil and have great potential to become problems.

Vivência do preconceito racial e de classe na doença falciforme

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Alessandra Varinia Matte Figueiró

Full Text Available Resumo Esse estudo, descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, tem por finalidade compreender as manifestações de discriminação racial e de classe que ocorrem com pessoas que vivenciam a doença falciforme. Participaram do estudo 33 pessoas. O corpus de análise foi composto do registro das narrativas e observações de campo contidas no Diário de Pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que o preconceito na área da saúde, muitas vezes, se manifesta por meio do racismo institucional. No âmbito socioeconômico, as pessoas que vivenciam o agravo muitas vezes têm poder aquisitivo menor, em parte devido ao próprio racismo, e também devido às limitações que o adoecimento impõe. Evidenciamos que a qualidade de atendimento e infraestrutura dos serviços de saúde está diretamente relacionada à cor e classe social dos usuários. Com este estudo foi possível compreender mais profundamente esse fenômeno social em saúde, permitindo a elaboração de medidas para solucionar esse quadro de violação de direitos humanos. Assim, sugere-se a realização de outros estudos com foco nas implicações sociais da doença falciforme, para aprimorar a qualidade dos serviços de saúde prestados a essa população.

Ação coletiva transnacional na cadeia de confecção do vestuário e a questão de gênero

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João Paulo Cândia Veiga

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo central deste artigo é discutir os processos de transnacionalização sindical na confecção do vestuário. Tendo como estudo de caso a cadeia de produção do vestuário ligada à holding Inditex, proprietária de uma das marcas mais valiosas da indústria têxtil (Zara, partimos da hipótese de que os(as trabalhadores(as deste setor enfrentam um problema de ação coletiva ligado aos limites de suas próprias capacidades de agência. A partir de procedimentos de tipo qualitativo com métodos cruzados - surveys, entrevistas, levantamento bibliográfico e arquivístico - para São Paulo capital e tendo como comparação o desastre do edifício Rana Plaza, em Bangladesh, os resultados da pesquisa indicam que na confecção do vestuário, ao contrário de outros setores, a ação coletiva sindical se dilui em arranjos institucionais a partir de iniciativas multistakeholder que acabam por promover processos decisórios de cúpula, com implementação do tipo top-down, sem a influência e participação dos trabalhadores de base, exatamente aqueles(as que vivenciam a precarização e a violação dos direitos sociais e trabalhistas na cadeia do vestuário.

The efficacy and safety of S-flurbiprofen plaster in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study

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Yataba I

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Ikuko Yataba,1 Noboru Otsuka,1 Isao Matsushita,1 Hideo Matsumoto,2 Yuichi Hoshino3 1Taisho Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, 2Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, 3Department of Orthopedics Surgery, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID patches are convenient for use and show much less gastrointestinal side effects than oral NSAIDs, whereas its percutaneous absorption is not sufficient for the expression of clinical efficacy at satisfactory level. S-flurbiprofen plaster (SFPP has shown dramatic improvement in percutaneous absorption results from animal and clinical studies. In this study, the efficacy and safety of SFPP were compared with placebo in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA to determine its optimal dose. This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparative study. Patients and methods: Enrolled 509 knee OA patients were treated with placebo or SFPP at 10, 20, or 40 mg applied on the affected site once daily for 2 weeks. The primary endpoint for efficacy was improvement in knee pain on rising from the chair assessed by visual analog scale (VAS. The other endpoints were clinical symptoms, pain on walking, and global assessment by both investigator and patient. Safety was evaluated by observing adverse events (AEs. Results: VAS change in knee pain from baseline to trial end was dose-dependent, least squares mean was 29.5, 31.5, 32.0, and 35.6 mm in placebo and SFPP 10, 20, and 40 mg, respectively. A significant difference was observed between placebo and SFPP 40 mg (P=0.001. In contrast, the effect of SFPP at a dose ≤20 mg was not significantly different from that of placebo. The proportion of the patients who achieved 50% pain relief was 72.4% in 40 mg and 51.2% in placebo (P<0.001. In all other endpoints, SFPP 40 mg showed significant improvement compared with placebo. The incidence of AEs was

Airway inflammation in Japanese COPD patients compared with smoking and nonsmoking controls

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Ishikawa N

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Nobuhisa Ishikawa,1 Noboru Hattori,2 Nobuoki Kohno,2 Akihiro Kobayashi,3 Tomoyuki Hayamizu,4 Malcolm Johnson5 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; 2Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; 3Biomedical Data Science Department, 4Medical Affairs Respiratory Department, GlaxoSmithKline Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan; 5Respiratory Global Franchise, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, UK Purpose: To assess the importance of inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD by measuring airway and systemic inflammatory biomarkers in Japanese patients with the disease and relevant control groups.Patients and methods: This was the first study of its type in Japanese COPD patients. It was a non-treatment study in which 100 participants were enrolled into one of three groups: nonsmoking controls, current or ex-smoking controls, and COPD patients. All participants underwent standard lung function assessments and provided sputum and blood samples from which the numbers of inflammatory cells and concentrations of biomarkers were measured, using standard procedures.Results: The overall trends observed in levels of inflammatory cells and biomarkers in sputum and blood in COPD were consistent with previous reports in Western studies. Increasing levels of neutrophils, interleukin 8 (IL-8, surfactant protein D (SP-D, and Krebs von den Lungen 6 (KL-6 in sputum and clara cell 16 (CC-16, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, and KL-6 in serum and plasma fibrinogen were seen in the Japanese COPD patients compared with the non-COPD control participants. In sputum, significant correlations were seen between total cell count and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9; P<0.001, neutrophils and MMP-9 (P<0.001, macrophages and KL-6 (P<0.01, total cell count and IL-8 (P<0.05, neutrophils and IL-8 (P<0.05, and macrophages and MMP-9 (P<0.05. Significant correlations were also

Impacto de la memoria cache en la aceleración de la ejecución de algoritmo de detección de rostros en sistemas empotrados

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Alejandro Cabrera Aldaya

2012-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se analiza el impacto de la memoria cache sobre la aceleración de la ejecución del algoritmo de detección de rostros de Viola-Jones en un sistema de procesamiento basado en el procesador Microblaze empotrado en un FPGA. Se expone el algoritmo, se describe una implementación software del mismo y se analizan sus funciones más relevantes y las características de localidad de las instrucciones y los datos. Se analiza el impacto de las memorias cache de instrucciones y de datos, tanto de sus capacidades (entre 2 y 16 kB como de tamaño de línea (de 4 y 8 palabras. Los resultados obtenidos utilizando una placa de desarrollo Spartan3A Starter Kit basada en un FPGA Spartan3A XC3S700A, con el procesador Microblaze a 62,5 MHz y 64 MB de memoria externa DDR2 a 125 MHz,  muestran un mayor impacto de la cache de instrucciones que la de datos, con valores óptimos de 8kB para la cache de instrucciones y entre 4 y 16kB para la cache de datos. Con estas memorias se alcanza una aceleración de 17 veces con relación a la ejecución del algoritmo en memoria externa. El tamaño de la línea de cache tiene poca influencia sobre la aceleración del algoritmo.

TRABALHO INFANTIL ARTÍSTICO: A ILEGALIDADE QUE ENCANTA

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Patrícia Adriana Chaves

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo tem como objetivo debater a questão do trabalho infanto-juvenil no âmbito artístico, com ênfase em programas televisivos, ao mesmo tempo em que se projetam alternativas e soluções para tal violação por meio dos mecanismos das políticas públicas. A elaboração do raciocínio deste se deu de forma inicial sob as bases históricas que denotaram a visão violenta e repressora destes infantes, para após isso comentar a dimensão da alteração sofrida a partir da adoção da teoria da proteção integral. Nesse sentido, frisou-se o pensamento de combinação entre todos os entes sociais na busca por efetividade dos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes, fato este que compunha ao lado das políticas públicas uma associação dupla (jurídico/política para adimplir com os objetivos traçados a estes peculiares seres humanos. Apesar do caráter inicial da pesquisa, buscou-se demonstrar os caminhos compreendidos como mais adequados no combate ao trabalho de crianças e adolescentes, ou seja, entendendo as leis já existentes e os tratados os quais o país ratificou, pois se impõe a necessidade de um pensamento não somente momentâneo, mas também em longo prazo, visando a erradicar essa chaga do corpo cultural brasileiro.

Strings on a Violin: Location Dependence of Frequency Tuning in Active Dendrites.

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Das, Anindita; Rathour, Rahul K; Narayanan, Rishikesh

2017-01-01

Strings on a violin are tuned to generate distinct sound frequencies in a manner that is firmly dependent on finger location along the fingerboard. Sound frequencies emerging from different violins could be very different based on their architecture, the nature of strings and their tuning. Analogously, active neuronal dendrites, dendrites endowed with active channel conductances, are tuned to distinct input frequencies in a manner that is dependent on the dendritic location of the synaptic inputs. Further, disparate channel expression profiles and differences in morphological characteristics could result in dendrites on different neurons of the same subtype tuned to distinct frequency ranges. Alternately, similar location-dependence along dendritic structures could be achieved through disparate combinations of channel profiles and morphological characteristics, leading to degeneracy in active dendritic spectral tuning. Akin to strings on a violin being tuned to different frequencies than those on a viola or a cello, different neuronal subtypes exhibit distinct channel profiles and disparate morphological characteristics endowing each neuronal subtype with unique location-dependent frequency selectivity. Finally, similar to the tunability of musical instruments to elicit distinct location-dependent sounds, neuronal frequency selectivity and its location-dependence are tunable through activity-dependent plasticity of ion channels and morphology. In this morceau, we explore the origins of neuronal frequency selectivity, and survey the literature on the mechanisms behind the emergence of location-dependence in distinct forms of frequency tuning. As a coda to this composition, we present some future directions for this exciting convergence of biophysical mechanisms that endow a neuron with frequency multiplexing capabilities.

Predictions on the modes of decay of odd Z superheavy isotopes within the range 105 ≤ Z ≤ 135

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Santhosh, K. P.; Nithya, C.

2018-05-01

The decay modes of 1051 odd Z superheavy nuclei within the range 105 ≤ Z ≤ 135, and their daughter nuclei are studied by comparing the alpha decay half-lives with the spontaneous fission half-lives. The alpha decay half-lives are calculated using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) proposed by Santhosh et al. (2011) and the spontaneous fission half-lives are obtained with the shell-effect dependent formula of Santhosh et al. (Santhosh and Nithya, 2016). For a theoretical comparison, the alpha decay half-lives are also computed with the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM), Viola-Seaborg-Sobiczewski semi-empirical relation (VSS), Universal curve of Poenaru et al. (UNIV), the analytical formula of Royer, and the Universal decay law of Qi et al. (UDL). The predicted decay modes and half-lives were compared with the available experimental results. The proton and neutron separation energies are calculated to identify those nuclei, which decay through proton and neutron emission. From the entire study of odd Z superheavy elements, it is seen that among 1051 nuclei, 233 nuclei exhibit proton emission and 18 nuclei exhibit neutron emission. 56 nuclei are stable against alpha decay with negative Q value for the decay. 92 nuclei show alpha decay followed by spontaneous fission and 9 nuclei show alpha decay followed by proton emission. 39 nuclei decay through full alpha chain and 595 nuclei decay through spontaneous fission. We hope that the study will be very useful for the future experimental investigations in this field.

Conceitos, causas e repercussões da violência sexual contra a mulher na ótica de profissionais de saúde

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Juliana da Fonseca Bezerra

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analisar os sentidos atribuídos por profissionais de saúde aos conceitos, causas e repercussões da violência sexual contra a mulher. Método: Estudo qualitativo realizado com 68 profissionais de saúde de nível superior integrantes de equipe multiprofissional de nove hospitais públicos do município de Fortaleza/CE, entre agosto e dezembro de 2013, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, a qual norteou a coleta de dados, sendo estes submetidos à análise temática dos núcleos de sentido que emergiram. Resultados: Entre os sentidos atribuídos ao conceito de violência sexual, destacam-se a violação dos direitos humanos e ênfase na perpetuação das questões de gênero; quanto às causas, sobressaiu o machismo, a existência de patologias do agressor e a reprodução da violência familiar – as repercussões atingem aspectos psicológicos, além da exposição a doenças e agressões físicas. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou a análise dos sentidos atribuídos à violência sexual pela ótica dos profissionais de saúde investigados, que divergiram sobre a desigualdade de gênero e contexto social, cujas causas foram apontadas como sendo a cultura machista, a falta de informação das mulheres sobre os seus direitos e as questões sociais. Observou-se a dificuldade dos profissionais em trabalhar com o tema.

Invasion of alien plants in fire-damaged forests at southern boundary of the taiga zone

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Khapugin, A.A.; Vargot, E.V.; Chugunov, G.G.; Shugaev, N.I.

2016-07-01

Aim of the study: Biological invasions are one of the most important areas of forest research. In this study, we revealed invasibility of fire-damaged forests at the southern boundary of the taiga zone. Area of study: The Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Central Russia). Material and Methods: Altogether, 11 square plots of each 100 ×100 m were established in different types of fire-damaged forests. To test plant invasion outside the established plots, field researches were carried out by route method in fire-damaged area of the Mordovia Reserve. Main Results: Six alien species (Erigeron canadensis, E. annuus, Oenothera biennis, Lactuca serriola, Sambucus racemosa, Viola arvensis) were registered within the established plots in 2011–2014. In addition, two alien invasive plants (Solidago canadensis and Bidens frondosa) were found outside these plots. No differences were detected in invasibility of the tested forest ecosystems. Research highlights: Among the revealed alien species, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola and Solidago canadensis are the most invasive plants in forest ecosystems. The first one was observed with a high occurrence frequency and abundance in all forest types tested. The second one has not been differed by abundance, but it characterized by a high competition as well as a large biomass and a large number of seeds. Solidago canadensis penetrated to natural forest ecosystem in a short time period due to closest location of its dispersal centers near the boundary of the Mordovia Reserve. These species are the most probable invaders of the forest ecosystems. (Author)

Perceptually Salient Regions of the Modulation Power Spectrum for Musical Instrument Identification.

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Thoret, Etienne; Depalle, Philippe; McAdams, Stephen

2017-01-01

The ability of a listener to recognize sound sources, and in particular musical instruments from the sounds they produce, raises the question of determining the acoustical information used to achieve such a task. It is now well known that the shapes of the temporal and spectral envelopes are crucial to the recognition of a musical instrument. More recently, Modulation Power Spectra (MPS) have been shown to be a representation that potentially explains the perception of musical instrument sounds. Nevertheless, the question of which specific regions of this representation characterize a musical instrument is still open. An identification task was applied to two subsets of musical instruments: tuba, trombone, cello, saxophone, and clarinet on the one hand, and marimba, vibraphone, guitar, harp, and viola pizzicato on the other. The sounds were processed with filtered spectrotemporal modulations with 2D Gaussian windows. The most relevant regions of this representation for instrument identification were determined for each instrument and reveal the regions essential for their identification. The method used here is based on a "molecular approach," the so-called bubbles method. Globally, the instruments were correctly identified and the lower values of spectrotemporal modulations are the most important regions of the MPS for recognizing instruments. Interestingly, instruments that were confused with each other led to non-overlapping regions and were confused when they were filtered in the most salient region of the other instrument. These results suggest that musical instrument timbres are characterized by specific spectrotemporal modulations, information which could contribute to music information retrieval tasks such as automatic source recognition.

Degree of chronic orofacial pain associated to the practice of musical instruments in orchestra's participants.

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de Queiroz, José Renato Cavalcanti; Mollica, Fernanda Brandão; Benetti, Paula; de Araujo, Maria Amélia Maximo; Valera, Márcia Carneiro

2014-01-01

The practice of playing musical instruments can affect structures of the head, neck, mouth, and the masticatory system. The aim of this study was to obtain information regarding the prevalence of orofacial pain in musicians according to the type of instrument they play, by applying a specific questionnaire. One hundred and seventeen musicians of Sao Paulo state's orchestras participated in this study. They answered an anamnesis questionnaire with 20 questions regarding their personal data, type of instrument played, hours of daily practice, and presence or absence of orofacial pain according to the Chronic Pain Grade Classification (CPGC). Musicians were divided into two groups in accordance with the risk of affecting TMJ: RG (risk group, including violin, viola, vocalist, trombone, tuba, clarinet and saxophone); CG (control group, other instruments). They received an informative brochure about the subject. Data obtained from the questionnaire were submitted to descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analysis and Z-test for difference between two proportions. The participants were from 15 to 62 years old. Pain degree showed positive correlation for reported symptoms (P = 0.002) and hour/day practice (P = 0.030). Regarding the prevalence of pain degree, data were, for RG: Grade 0 (54.5%), Grade 1 (30.3%), and Grade ≥2 (15.1%). For CG, Grade 0 (84.4%), Grade 1 (8.9%), and Grade ≥2 (6.6%). Z-test showed positive difference between groups (P = 0.0001). It was concluded that the musicians of risk group presented higher prevalence of orofacial pain than control (non-risk) group.

Effects of human proximity and nomadic grazing on the diversity of medicinal plants in temperate hindukush

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Adnan, M.; Tariq, A.

2015-01-01

Over exploitation and overgrazing are considered major factors for decreasing plant species diversity. However, we do need some more exploration on the types of anthropogenic disturbances responsible for variation in species decline among different regions. Therefore, the current study was conducted in a temperate Hindukush region of Pakistan with the aim to assess human settlements pressure on the diversity of medicinal plants. Field data was collected from 15 plots, of which 5 plots each were randomly selected at three distant locations in derived woodland forest. Near to community plots were heavily disturbed due to natives proximity, 2 kilometer away plots from the native community were moderately disturbed, while 4 kilometer away plots were under the disturbance regime from temporary settlers (Nomads). We have found all 10 studied medicinal plant species at 2 Km distance followed by 8 species found at 4 km distance. Economically important species such as Bergenia ciliata, Paeonia emodi, Podophyllum emodi, Valeriana jatamansi and Viola canescens were completely absent near village. Similarly, density (8.72 n m-2) and species richness (8.2 n 40 m-2) were found significantly highest at 2 km distance than other locations. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) showed that among forest stand structural variables, slope was the influencing variable related to the density of only Bergenia ciliata. In conclusions, moderate disturbance is associated to increase in the diversity of medicinal plants, while high anthropogenic pressures the otherwise. Hence, effective management strategies may be adopted to conserve such precious eroding flora. (author)

Segetal flora of cereal crop agrocenoses in the Suwałki Landscape Park

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Matusiewicz Marta

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Segetal flora of cereal crop agrocenoses in the Suwałki Landscape Park was studied in between the years 2012 and 2013. One hundred phytosociological Braun-Blanquet releves were taken, documenting the occurrence of 152 species of vascular plants that represented 29 botanic families. Analysis of the contributions of geographic-historical groups revealed the dominance of the native species, apophytes (87 species, making 57.2%, over anthropophytes (65 species, 42.8%. The number of short-lived species was twice greater (103 species, 67.8% than the perennial ones (49 species, 32.2%. As regards the lifeforms, the therophytes were dominant (96 species, 63.2% over hemicryptophytes (44 species, 28.9% and geophytes (12 species, 7.9%. Among the species of segetal flora in the area studied, 23 valuable species classified to different categories of protection, were identified. The presence of Consolida regalis, Centaurea cyanus and Bromus secalinus, belonging to threatened species in other regions of Poland, was abundant. Also the species: Anthemis tinctoria, Echium vulgare and Anchusa officinalis were met with high frequency. The species: Agrostemma githago, Papaver argemone and Papaver dubium were represented by single plants, which can suggest their dying out. In the Park area, expansive species, threatening the biodiversity, such as Myosotis arvensis, Viola arvensis, Galeopsis tetraehit, Stellaria media, Artemisia vulgaris, Galinsoga parviflora, Elymus repens, Capsella bursa pastoris, Erodium cicutarium, Chamomilla recutita, Matricaria maritima subsp. inodora, Convolvulus arvensis, Polygonum persicaria, Polygonum lapathifolium subsp. pallidum and Polygonum lapathifolium subsp. lapathifolium, were commonly seen in the crop land.

A Pace of Our Own? Becoming Through Speeds and Slows – Investigating Living Through Temporal Ontologies of The University

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Malou Juelskjær

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This article is concerned with new feminist materialism’s transformatory ethical potential with regards to the (fast neoliberal university. It is also shaped and inspired by Karen Barad’s question: ’How can I be responsible for that which I love?’ (Barad 2016. The text thus investigates possibilities of thinking through new materialist theorising and concepts for examining conditions of the im/possibilities of living live-able academic lives in current political climates. As a response to those conditions a cry for slowing down has surfaced and manifestos for slow scholarship, reading, pedagogy, professors have emerged. The fast-slow dualism seems to be of pivotal importance in the ongoing criticism of neoliberal universities. The authors share concerns expressed by ‘slow professors’, but at the same time they argue that slow movement in the academia reestablish a problematic dualistic approach. In the text criticism of binary conceptualisations is offered by arriving at ethical considerations (instead of tactical. The article is inspired by Donna Haraway’s plea to ‘stay with the trouble’ (2016 to uncover the complex temporalities of the present and – possibly – its subversive potential. Furthermore, while staying in this troublesome moment, the authors investigate temporal ontologies through the works of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari (2007 [1980], Henri Lefebvre (2004 and Barad (2012 – as well as the temporalities implied in the ‘slow science movement’. Finally, the video art by Bill Viola is considered as a way of accessing problematics of shifting between ‘fast’ and ‘slow’.

[Nonnius and the Spa cure].

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Lecomte, J; Lemli, J; Marganne, M H; Melard, M

1996-01-01

The 12th of July 1635, Jan van Beverwyck wrote a letter from Dordrecht to his esteemed friend Luis Nunez, in Antwerp. He asked him for indications about the cure of kidney stones of which he was suffering. He had just passed two calculi very painfully. Nunez answered on July 31. His letter summarized his own experience with this disease. In such cases, temperate diuretics and emollients are well indicated: ingestion of light decoctions of Malva and Viola, Caerefolium and Parieteria as well as Marshmallow syrup. No purge and no 'chemicals'. However, the best remedy was drinking Spa water. Usually the best way to absorb it is to come to the springs, in the Ardennes, part of the independent Principality of Liège. However, considering the horrors of the war (the Thirty Years War) endangering the country, van Beverwyck would be wise to drink imported water during 40 or 50 days, while staying home quietly, in Dordrecht. The letter points out the importance of provoked diuresis in the treatment of kidney stones. On the other hand the letter is an illustration of the continuing contacts between the United Provinces and the Spanish territories and of the commercial traffic between Antwerp, Dordrecht and Spa. The exported water was bottled from many 'pouhons'. It was acid, ferruginous, sulfurous and saturated with carbon dioxide; no pathogen germs, at least at the spring. Nunez quoted the large number of his patients cured with Spa water in Antwerp. This is an illustration of its commercial expansion even during this critical period.

A Política de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Adolescente e Jovem: uma perspectiva de garantia de direito à saúde?

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Clarissa Raposo

2010-05-01

Full Text Available

Teeth and physical fitness in a community-dwelling 40 to 79-year-old Japanese population

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Inui A

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Akinari Inui,1 Ippei Takahashi,2 Kaori Sawada,2 Akimoto Naoki,2 Toshirou Oyama,1 Yoshihiro Tamura,1 Toshiyuki Osanai,1 Anna Satake,1 Shigeyuki Nakaji,2 Wataru Kobayashi1 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 2Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, Aomori Prefecture, Japan Purpose: Decline in the number of teeth and physical fitness begins from 40 years of age; however, several epidemiological studies have identified relationships between oral conditions and physical performance parameters in community-dwelling elderly population. The aim of this study was to validate the relationship between the muscle mass and its function and oral conditions (number of teeth and dental occlusion after 40 years of age in a community-dwelling population in Japan.Materials and methods: The subjects comprised of 552 volunteers (198 males and 354 females, 40–79 years who participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project in 2013. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with the measures of the muscle mass and its function as objective variables and the measures of the number of teeth, age, body mass index, medical history, serum albumin concentration, smoking status, habitual alcohol intake, marital status, education levels, and exercising habits as explanatory variables. The relationships between the Eichner index and the muscle mass and its function were analyzed using analysis of covariance, with adjustment for confounding factors.Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, the number of teeth was shown to be an independent risk factor for the timed 10 m walk test (in females and the skeletal muscle mass of the whole body (in males. The results also revealed that the timed 10 m walk test was significantly correlated with the Eichner index (Classes A and C in females were correlated.Conclusion: This cross-sectional study on a

Importance of New Use of Concrete in Iraq Analysis of Development And Use of Concrete in Architecture

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Mohammed Ridha Shakir Majeed

2015-04-01

on the same era The concert as a structural element dominated the Metabolism architecture that represented by the Japanese architects like Kiyonori Kikutake, Kisho Kurokawa, Noboru Kawazoe, Masato Otakaand and Fumihiko Maki. They visualized the city of the future to be viable, evaluable, expandable, flexible structures that evoked the processes of organic growth as it is in nature. Their developments are often called technocratic and described as avant-garde with a rhetorical character. The Metabolist mega structures heavily relied on advanced technology and adaptable plug-in building techniques in using this material. The research concluded the influences of the concrete as a building material upon the modern and building forms from the outsets. By exploring the history of the material, expanding its characteristics and specifications and later demonstrating the modern architecture movements and architects, this research has achieved its targets to acknowledge the importance of concrete in the current construction market and architectural developments.

Evidence-based review on temporomandibular disorders among musicians.

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van Selms, M K A; Ahlberg, J; Lobbezoo, F; Visscher, C M

2017-07-01

Playing a musical instrument that loads the masticatory system has frequently been linked to temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Previous literature reviews on this topic do not conform to the current standards of evidence-based medicine. To investigate the effects of playing a musical instrument (i.e. violin/viola and wind instruments) or singing on the presence of TMDs, based on evidence derived from observational studies. Databases of Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched using MeSH and other relevant terms. For each study, a quality assessment was undertaken using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Fifteen relevant papers were identified for inclusion in this review. Of the seven possible points that could be scored with the NOS, the majority of these studies scored under half. Based on the available evidence, the purported relationship between the playing of specific musical instruments and TMDs was not as evident as reported in previous literature reviews. There is limited evidence to conclude that playing a wind instrument is a hazard to the temporomandibular system. Furthermore, there is no available evidence to suggest that vocalists experience more TMDs than controls. The studies that investigated the presence of TMDs among violists and violinists yielded ambiguous outcomes; some studies reported no association between the playing of these instruments and the presence of signs and symptoms of TMDs, whereas in studies where a clinical examination was performed (though of lower methodological quality), an association was found. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Occupational Medicine. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com

Jóvenes en los intersticios de la precariedad, exclusión y violencia

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Ana Berónica Palacios Gámaz

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo plantea un análisis sobre el contexto en que se sitúan los jóvenes de Latinoamérica y el Caribe, y en particular de México, caracterizado por la marginalidad y la violencia multidimensional aguda; estructuras de desigualdad donde se constituye el espacio vital de los jóvenes, su experiencia biográfica, y que condicionan, en gran manera, el ejercicio de su ciudadanía, sus posibilidades de acceder y constituir alternativas de vida dignas, justas y seguras. Esta región se inserta en procesos de globalización con implicaciones que se expresan en la vulneración de la seguridad económica y armonía del tejido social de amplios grupos poblacionales, que trastocan y se interrelacionan con la inequitativa distribución de la riqueza, la marginación, el empobrecimiento, las rupturas familiares, el incremento de la delincuencia, el desempleo, la falta de acceso a la educación, a servicios de salud, de recreación, a vivienda digna, privatización de los servicios, etc., y, por lo general, el diseño e implementación de proyectos para mejorar la calidad de vida, no considera la participación de la población joven. La espiral de violencia en la cual se ven envueltos los jóvenes de la región amenaza los derechos humanos fundamentales de igualdad, libertad y justicia, el vivir con dignidad y en el caso de la violencia extrema viola el derecho humano fundamental: el derecho a la vida.

Untangling individual variation in natural populations: ecological, genetic and epigenetic correlates of long-term inequality in herbivory.

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Herrera, C M; Bazaga, P

2011-04-01

Individual variation in ecologically important features of organisms is a crucial element in ecology and evolution, yet disentangling its underlying causes is difficult in natural populations. We applied a genomic scan approach using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers to quantify the genetic basis of long-term individual differences in herbivory by mammals at a wild population of the violet Viola cazorlensis monitored for two decades. In addition, methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) analyses were used to investigate the association between browsing damage and epigenetic characteristics of individuals, an aspect that has been not previously explored for any wild plant. Structural equation modelling was used to identify likely causal structures linking genotypes, epigenotypes and herbivory. Individuals of V. cazorlensis differed widely in the incidence of browsing mammals over the 20-year study period. Six AFLP markers (1.6% of total) were significantly related to herbivory, accounting altogether for 44% of population-wide variance in herbivory levels. MSAP analyses revealed considerable epigenetic variation among individuals, and differential browsing damage was significantly related to variation in multilocus epigenotypes. In addition, variation across plants in epigenetic characteristics was related to variation in several herbivory-related AFLP markers. Statistical comparison of alternative causal models suggested that individual differences in herbivory are the outcome of a complex causal structure where genotypes and epigenotypes are interconnected and have direct and indirect effects on herbivory. Insofar as methylation states of MSAP markers influential on herbivory are transgenerationally heritable, herbivore-driven evolutionary changes at the study population will involve correlated changes in genotypic and epigenotypic distributions. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Phytosociological attributes of plant biodiversity of the Fort Ranikot and adjoining area (Kirthar range)

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Ishtiaq, M.; Perveen, A.

2015-01-01

The plant biodiversity, floristic composition and phytosociological attributes of the vascular plants of Fort Ranikot were analyzed. A total of 107 taxa were collected belonging to 41 families and 78 genera. The largest family was Poaceae containing 9 taxa, while the other major families were Papilionaceae with 6 species; Asclepiadaceae, Mimosaceae, and Solanaceae comprising of 5 species each respectively. Majority of the taxa are common throughout the study area, however, 6 species Viz. Aristolochia bracteolata, Physorrhynchus brahuicus, Plantago ciliata, Polygala erioptera, Salvadora persica and Viola stocksii were found to be very rare. The flora is dominated by Chamaephyte, followed by Therophytes, Phanerophytes, Hemicryptophytes and climbers. The aim of the present study is to provide comprehensive inventory of the study area along with its phytosociology and ecological parameters. Collectively on the basis of important value index six plants communities were recognized from different sites of the study area. The study area was categorized into six ecological sites on the basis of microclimatic conditions and topography. For comparison in these sites similarity index, beta diversity, diversity index, species evenness and maturity index was also calculated. The soil texture classes varied from loam to sandy loam and slit loam with pH of 7.78-8.24, electrical conductivity varied from 687-827 EC micro S/cm, Total dissolved salts varied from 0.36-0.71 mg-1, CaCO/sub 3/ varied from 3.48-4.21% and organic matter varied from 0.39-1.24%. Present study predict that there are certain edaphic factors, altitudinal variation, soil texture and amount of organic matter which are responsible for variation in vegetation. (author)

A model study of present-day Hall-effect circulators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Placke, B.; Bosco, S.; DiVincenzo, D.P.

2017-01-01

Stimulated by the recent implementation of a three-port Hall-effect microwave circulator of Mahoney et al. (MEA), we present model studies of the performance of this device. Our calculations are based on the capacitive-coupling model of Viola and DiVincenzo (VD). Based on conductance data from a typical Hall-bar device obtained from a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a magnetic field, we numerically solve the coupled field-circuit equations to calculate the expected performance of the circulator, as determined by the S parameters of the device when coupled to 50Ω ports, as a function of frequency and magnetic field. Above magnetic fields of 1.5 T, for which a typical 2DEG enters the quantum Hall regime (corresponding to a Landau-level filling fraction ν of 20), the Hall angle θ_H = tan"-"1 σ_x_y/σ_x_x always remains close to 90 , and the S parameters are close to the analytic predictions of VD for θ_H = π/2. As anticipated by VD, MEA find the device to have rather high (kΩ) impedance, and thus to be extremely mismatched to 50Ω, requiring the use of impedance matching. We incorporate the lumped matching circuits of MEA in our modeling and confirm that they can produce excellent circulation, although confined to a very small bandwidth. We predict that this bandwidth is significantly improved by working at lower magnetic field when the Landau index is high, e.g. ν = 20, and the impedance mismatch is correspondingly less extreme. Our modeling also confirms the observation of MEA that parasitic port-to-port capacitance can produce very interesting countercirculation effects. (orig.)

Weed infestation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. under the conditions of application of some retardants

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Elżbieta Harasim

2013-07-01

Full Text Available A field study was conducted in the period 2004–2007 on grey-brown podzolic soil (sandy. This study analysed the relationship between the use of stem shortening in cereals by means of retardants with the following active substances: chlormequat chloride (Antywylegacz Płynny 675 SL, trinexapac-ethyl (Moddus 250 EC, chlormequat chloride + ethephon (Cecefon 465 SL, and weed infestation. The retardants were applied at the 1st node stage (BBCH 31 – Antywylegacz Płynny 675 SL and the 2nd node stage of winter wheat (BBCH 32 – Moddus 250 EC and Cecefon 465 SL, together with the adjuvant Atpolan 80 EC (75% of SN 200 mineral oil or without the adjuvant. Winter wheat, cv. 'Muza', was grown after vetch grown for seed. The whole experiment was sprayed with the herbicides Apyros 75 WG and Starane 250 EC at the full tillering stage (BBCH 29–30. Plots where no growth regulators were used were the control treatment. Weed density and biomass showed great variation between years. In the winter wheat crop, Veronica persica, Viola arvensis, Veronica arvensis, Capsella bursa-pastoris,and Chenopodium album dominated in the dicotyledonous class, whereas Apera spica-venti, Echinochloa crus-galli,and Elymus repens were predominant among monocotyledonous plants. The level of weed infestation of the winter wheat crop, as measured by the number and air-dry weight of weeds, was significantly differentiated by years and retardants used as well as by interactions of these factors. The adjuvant Atpolan 80 EC did not have a significant effect on the above-mentioned weed infestation parameters. .

India's homosexual discrimination and health consequences Discriminação a homossexuais na Índia e conseqüências à saúde

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Govindasamy Agoramoorthy

2007-08-01

Full Text Available A large number of countries worldwide have legalized homosexual rights. But for 147 years, since when India was a British colony, Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code defines homosexuality as a crime, punishable by imprisonment. This outdated law violates the fundamental rights of homosexuals in India. Despite the fact that literature drawn from Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, and modern fiction testify to the presence of same-sex love in various forms, homosexuality is still considered a taboo subject in India, by both the society and the government. In the present article, the continuation of the outdated colonial-era homosexuality law and its impact on the underprivileged homosexual society in India is discussed, as well as consequences to this group's health in relation to HIV infection.Muitos países têm legalizado os direitos homossexuais. Mas há 147 anos, desde quando a Índia ainda era colônia britânica, a Seção 377 do Código Penal indiano define a homossexualidade como crime passível de prisão. Esta lei antiga viola os direitos fundamentais de homossexuais na Índia. Embora as literaturas hindu, budista, muçulmana, e a ficção moderna confirmem a presença de sentimento de amor entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, a homossexualidade ainda é considerada um tabu na Índia, tanto pela sociedade como pelo governo. No presente artigo, discute-se a continuidade dessa lei da época colonial sobre homossexualidade e seu impacto na sociedade indiana desfavorecida, bem como as conseqüências para a saúde desse grupo quanto à infecção pelo HIV.

Reflexões sobre o processo histórico-discursivo do uso da legítima defesa da honra no Brasil e a construção das mulheres Reflections on the historical-discursive process of the use of the legitimate defence of honour in Brazil and the construction of women

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Margarita Danielle Ramos

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca compreender, à luz da teoria de gênero, como, ainda hoje, nos julgamentos de assassinatos de mulheres a prerrogativa da legítima defesa da honra tem sido usada na defesa do réu como tentativa de reversão da pena de homicídio qualificado. Para tanto, fizemos um estudo dos códigos da legislação vigente no Brasil relacionados ao tema de nosso trabalho desde o período colonial até os dias de hoje. O trabalho procura mostrar como o assassinato das mulheres é o final de uma rede de violações contra elas que tem seu início na forma como as mulheres são produzidas pelo discurso.This work uses a gender perspective to analyse the discourse in six documents in the jurisprudence of Minas Gerais. The objective is to understand how lawyers appeal until the present date to the legitimate defence of honour in trials of men who have killed a woman in order to avoid punishment for their crime. The analysis is based on two sets of studies: the study of the legislation concerning the concept of honour since the colonial period in Brazil and the study of the struggle that the Brazilian feminist movement has undertaken to remove violence against women from the private sphere and turn it into gender violence. The work attempts to show that the murder of women is the final step in a chain of violations against women, which begins in the devalued way that women are produced in discourse.

Constituições Programáticas, Funções Estatais, Políticas Públicas e a (Incompetência do Judiciário / Programmatic Constitutions, Separation of Powers, Public Policies and the Judiciary’s Constitutional (Incompetence

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Frederico Augusto d’Avila Riani

2013-07-01

Full Text Available A partir da compreensão da relevância das determinações constitucionais de tarefas ao Estado, vê-se imprescindível a formulação de políticas públicas para a satisfação constitucional. Políticas públicas, apesar de seu controvertido sentido, são compreendidas, neste artigo, como um processo que expressa relações de poder e visa à resolução de problemas ou conflitos relacionados ao interesse público. Dentro da classificação de funções estatais proposta, a qual busca amparo na Constituição, fica descaracterizada a função jurisdicional como apta à formulação e implementação de políticas públicas. No entanto, não se retira do Judiciário o seu dever de decidir sobre violação de direitos subjetivos, os quais deveriam ser satisfeitos por políticas públicas.From understanding the relevance of constitutional determinations of tasks to the State, it is essential to formulate public policies to satisfy the Constitution. Public policies, despite their controversial sense, are understood in this paper as a process that expresses power relations and intends to resolve problems or conflicts related to the public interest. Within the proposedclassification of state functions, which seeks support in the Constitution, the judicial function is uncharacterizes as able to designing and implement public policies. However, the Judiciary duty of deciding on subjective rights violation is not taken off, because these rights shold be attended by public policies.

Predicting weed problems in maize cropping by species distribution modelling

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Bürger, Jana

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Increasing maize cultivation and changed cropping practices promote the selection of typical maize weeds that may also profit strongly from climate change. Predicting potential weed problems is of high interest for plant production. Within the project KLIFF, experiments were combined with species distribution modelling for this task in the region of Lower Saxony, Germany. For our study, we modelled ecological and damage niches of nine weed species that are significant and wide spread in maize cropping in a number of European countries. Species distribution models describe the ecological niche of a species, these are the environmental conditions under which a species can maintain a vital population. It is also possible to estimate a damage niche, i.e. the conditions under which a species causes damage in agricultural crops. For this, we combined occurrence data of European national data bases with high resolution climate, soil and land use data. Models were also projected to simulated climate conditions for the time horizon 2070 - 2100 in order to estimate climate change effects. Modelling results indicate favourable conditions for typical maize weed occurrence virtually all over the study region, but only a few species are important in maize cropping. This is in good accordance with the findings of an earlier maize weed monitoring. Reaction to changing climate conditions is species-specific, for some species neutral (E. crus-galli, other species may gain (Polygonum persicaria or loose (Viola arvensis large areas of suitable habitats. All species with damage potential under present conditions will remain important in maize cropping, some more species will gain regional importance (Calystegia sepium, Setara viridis.

MEMÓRIA, GÊNERO E REPRESSÃO POLÍTICA NO CONE SUL (1984-1991MEMORY, GENDER AND POLITICAL REPRESSION IN THE SOUTHERN CONE (1984-1991

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Mariana Joffily

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Esse  artigo analisa, sob uma perspectiva de gênero, os informes de violações aos  Direitos Humanos conhecidos como Nunca  más, redigidos no momento de transição das ditaduras militares para a  democracia na Argentina (1984, no Brasil (1985, no Uruguai (1989 e no Chile  (1991. Os Nunca más, a despeito da  diferença das condições em que foram elaborados, permaneceram em seus  respectivos países como marcos interpretativos do passado ditatorial, uma  “memória emblemática”, extensamente documentada e assentada sobre uma  preocupação de veracidade. A análise dos desses informes é efetuada tendo como  foco as possíveis diferenciações de gênero da repressão política. Palavras-Chave: Ditadura militar. Gênero. Repressão política.  Tortura. Cone Sul. Abstract This  article examines, from a gender perspective, the reports on human rights  violations, known as Nunca Más,  written at the time of transition from military dictatorship to democracy in  Argentina (1984, Brazil (1985, Uruguay (1989 and  Chile (1991. The Nunca más, despite the different conditions in which they have been  developed, remained in their respective countries as interpretative frameworks  of the past dictatorship, an "iconic memory", extensively documented  and settled on a concern for accuracy. The analysis of those reports is made  focusing on possible gender differences of political repression. Keywords: Military  dictatorship.  Political repression. Torture. Southern Cone.

Silencing of beta-carotene hydroxylase increases total carotenoid and beta-carotene levels in potato tubers

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Pizzichini Daniele

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Beta-carotene is the main dietary precursor of vitamin A. Potato tubers contain low levels of carotenoids, composed mainly of the xanthophylls lutein (in the beta-epsilon branch and violaxanthin (in the beta-beta branch. None of these carotenoids have provitamin A activity. We have previously shown that tuber-specific silencing of the first step in the epsilon-beta branch, LCY-e, redirects metabolic flux towards beta-beta carotenoids, increases total carotenoids up to 2.5-fold and beta-carotene up to 14-fold. Results In this work, we silenced the non-heme beta-carotene hydroxylases CHY1 and CHY2 in the tuber. Real Time RT-PCR measurements confirmed the tuber-specific silencing of both genes . CHY silenced tubers showed more dramatic changes in carotenoid content than LCY-e silenced tubers, with beta-carotene increasing up to 38-fold and total carotenoids up to 4.5-fold. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in the immediate product of beta-carotene hydroxylation, zeaxanthin, but not of the downstream xanthophylls, viola- and neoxanthin. Changes in endogenous gene expression were extensive and partially overlapping with those of LCY-e silenced tubers: CrtISO, LCY-b and ZEP were induced in both cases, indicating that they may respond to the balance between individual carotenoid species. Conclusion Together with epsilon-cyclization of lycopene, beta-carotene hydroxylation is another regulatory step in potato tuber carotenogenesis. The data are consistent with a prevalent role of CHY2, which is highly expressed in tubers, in the control of this step. Combination of different engineering strategies holds good promise for the manipulation of tuber carotenoid content.

Different roles of alpha- and beta-branch xanthophylls in photosystem assembly and photoprotection.

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Dall'Osto, Luca; Fiore, Alessia; Cazzaniga, Stefano; Giuliano, Giovanni; Bassi, Roberto

2007-11-30

Xanthophylls (oxygenated carotenoids) are essential components of the plant photosynthetic apparatus, where they act in photosystem assembly, light harvesting, and photoprotection. Nevertheless, the specific function of individual xanthophyll species awaits complete elucidation. In this work, we analyze the photosynthetic phenotypes of two newly isolated Arabidopsis mutants in carotenoid biosynthesis containing exclusively alpha-branch (chy1chy2lut5) or beta-branch (chy1chy2lut2) xanthophylls. Both mutants show complete lack of qE, the rapidly reversible component of nonphotochemical quenching, and high levels of photoinhibition and lipid peroxidation under photooxidative stress. Both mutants are much more photosensitive than npq1lut2, which contains high levels of viola- and neoxanthin and a higher stoichiometry of light-harvesting proteins with respect to photosystem II core complexes, suggesting that the content in light-harvesting complexes plays an important role in photoprotection. In addition, chy1chy2lut5, which has lutein as the only xanthophyll, shows unprecedented photosensitivity even in low light conditions, reduced electron transport rate, enhanced photobleaching of isolated LHCII complexes, and a selective loss of CP26 with respect to chy1chy2lut2, highlighting a specific role of beta-branch xanthophylls in photoprotection and in qE mechanism. The stronger photosystem II photoinhibition of both mutants correlates with the higher rate of singlet oxygen production from thylakoids and isolated light-harvesting complexes, whereas carotenoid composition of photosystem II core complex was not influential. In depth analysis of the mutant phenotypes suggests that alpha-branch (lutein) and beta-branch (zeaxanthin, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin) xanthophylls have distinct and complementary roles in antenna protein assembly and in the mechanisms of photoprotection.

Índice de Massa Corporal e sua relação com variáveis nutricionais e sócio-econômicas: um exemplo de uso de regressão linear para um grupo de adultos brasileiros

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Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos

Full Text Available O artigo estuda, para um grupo de adultos brasileiros selecionados aleatoriamente dentre os entrevistados no ENDEF, a relação entre o índice de massa corporal (IMC e as seguintes variáveis: ingestão de energia média na família; gasto energético para atividades laborais; despesa corrente per capita da família, sexo, idade e perímetro braquial. Também discute problemas inerentes ao uso de regressão linear no estabelecimento da relação entre variáveis de mais de um nível de observação (família e pessoa obtidas por amostras complexas, e técnicas para o diagnóstico e tratamento da influência de pontos extremos, de multicolinearidade, de erros de especificação do modelo e de violação da pressuposição de homocedasticidade. Os resultados mostram que o modelo não é afetado por pontos extremos nem por multicolinearidade, não havendo indicação de erro de especificação. Testes aplicados indicam, no entanto, a presença de heterocedasticidade, cuja correção não acarreta modificação significativa nos parâmetros do modelo estimado. O artigo ressalta que o tamanho da amostra (cerca de 14.000 pessoas faz com que os testes sejam mais rigorosos do que o desejado e conclui que há associação linear significativa entre o IMC e as variáveis indicadas.

Sistema de detección de señales de tráfico para la localización de intersecciones viales y frenado anticipado

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Gabriel Villalón-Sepúlveda

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen: En este trabajo se presenta un sistema de detección de señales de tráfico aledañas a intersecciones viales y rotondas, y un análisis para conocer su capacidad de detección en función de la distancia. El método propuesto está basado en la segmentación por color sobre el espacio RGB-normalizado (ErEgEb para la generación de regiones de interés (ROIs, la clasificación del tipo de señal usando los espacios YCbCr y ErEgEb para construir una plantilla estadística, donde para eliminar el fondo se ha propuesto una función de distribución de probabilidad que modeliza el color de los objetos de interés. El sistema está especializado en dos tipos de señales: disco Pare y triángulo invertido de Ceda el Paso. Luego se analiza su desempeño, al compararlo con el método de Viola & Jones, donde se verifica la capacidad de detección a diferentes distancias. Para distancias menores a 48 metros, el método propuesto ha logrado una tasa de detección del 87.5% en el caso de la señal de Ceda el Paso, y del 95.4% en el caso del disco Pare, mientras que para distancias inferiores a 30 metros la detección lograda es del 100%. Estos resultados son superiores a los reportados en la mayoría de la literatura existente, la cual a diferencia del presente trabajo no aborda la sensibilidad de los métodos propuestos ante la variación de la distancia a las señales de tráfico aún cuando esto es uno de los principales desafíos en la implementación de sistemas de asistencia al conductor aplicables al mundo real. Los experimentos han sido desarrollados sobre una base de datos de señales de tráfico, generadas a partir de imágenes tomadas en varias calles de la ciudad de Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile, usando un vehículo experimental diseñado para desarrollar sistemas inteligentes. Abstract: This paper describes a system for traffic sign detection from surrounding traffic intersections and analysis for the ability of detection

Assessing and comparing climatic control on distribution and reproduction of alpine and lowland species in the subalpine habitat of western Norway

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Meineri, Eric

2012-02-15

Aims and background: Species range shift is among the most well-documented responses to climate change. As a result, a growing number of studies model species climatic niches to predict how species ranges may displace in space and time (SDM studies). These studies are criticised because they do not include reproduction in their predictions. Other studies use empirical data to assess climatic control on reproductive life-stages. However, the climatic niche of reproductive life-stages may not determine the climatic niche of species, limiting the ability of both types of studies to assess the effect of climate change. In this synthesis, I compare the results of a SDM study (Paper I) with the results of two empirical studies focussing on flowering performance (Paper II) and seedling emergence (Paper III). The research focuses on the leading and rear altitudinal edges of lowland and alpine species ranges, respectively, as those are the two delimiting fronts that are expected to be specifically vulnerable to climate change. Reproduction response to climate is a complex process because it involves several sub-stages that can be affected by climate in several ways. Therefore, the results included in this synthesis integrate several direct and size-dependent climatic effects on flowering performance and report on the importance of both the climate conditions occurring at the recruitment sites and those experienced by the source populations for seedling emergence. Study area and species: This thesis makes use of the sub-alpine and alpine landscapes of western Norway to investigate climatic control on species occurrence and reproduction. This study area was chosen because it includes the leading altitudinal edge of lowland species ranges and the rear altitudinal edge of alpine species ranges. The research uses Viola biflora (alpine), Viola palustris (lowland), Veronica alpina (alpine), and Veronica officinalis (lowland) as study cases because these species are common in the

Níveis de resíduos de praguicidas organoclorados em produtos cárneos sob inspeção federal Levels of organochlorine pesticide residue in meat products inspected by the federal government

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João Pessoa de Paula Carvalho

1980-09-01

Full Text Available Com objetivo de evidenciar a freqüência e os níveis de resíduos de praguiddas organoclorados, foram analisadas 445 unidades amostrais de matéria prima (gordura bovina provenientes de carcaças de bovinos de frigoríficos e 132 unidades amostrais de carne bovina já processada (enlatados, tais como "corned beef" e "roast beef". Apresentaram-se com resíduos de praguicidas acima dos limites de tolerância estipulados, 77 unidades amostrais de gordura bovina e 5 de produto processado. Resíduos de praguiddas, sem contudo ultrapassar os limites de tolerância, foram identificados em, praticamente, todas as amostras, sendo que 27% das unidades amostrais de gordura bovina e 10,6% de produto processado apresentaram resíduos de praguicidas em violação aos limites estabelecidos na legislação. Heptacloro, BHC e Dieldrin foram os praguiddas mais freqüentes e Lindane e DDT os menos evidenciados.To bring attention to the frequency and the levels of organochlorine pesticide residue in meat, 445 samples of raw material (bovine fat from bovine carcasses collected from meat packing plants and 132 samples of preserved meat (canned, such as corned or roast beef were analyzed. Seventy-seven samples of bovine fat and 8 of preserved meat were discovered to have pesticide residue above the maximum acceptable limits. Pesticide residue was found in practically all the samples without, however, exceeding the acceptable limits. Twenty-seven percent of the bovine fat samples and 10.6% of the preserved meat contained residue above the legal tolerance levels. Heptachlor, BHC, and Dieldrin were the most frequent; Lindane and DDT, the least.

Rapid prototyping of SoC-based real-time vision system: application to image preprocessing and face detection

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Jridi, Maher; Alfalou, Ayman

2017-05-01

By this paper, the major goal is to investigate the Multi-CPU/FPGA SoC (System on Chip) design flow and to transfer a know-how and skills to rapidly design embedded real-time vision system. Our aim is to show how the use of these devices can be benefit for system level integration since they make possible simultaneous hardware and software development. We take the facial detection and pretreatments as case study since they have a great potential to be used in several applications such as video surveillance, building access control and criminal identification. The designed system use the Xilinx Zedboard platform. The last is the central element of the developed vision system. The video acquisition is performed using either standard webcam connected to the Zedboard via USB interface or several camera IP devices. The visualization of video content and intermediate results are possible with HDMI interface connected to HD display. The treatments embedded in the system are as follow: (i) pre-processing such as edge detection implemented in the ARM and in the reconfigurable logic, (ii) software implementation of motion detection and face detection using either ViolaJones or LBP (Local Binary Pattern), and (iii) application layer to select processing application and to display results in a web page. One uniquely interesting feature of the proposed system is that two functions have been developed to transmit data from and to the VDMA port. With the proposed optimization, the hardware implementation of the Sobel filter takes 27 ms and 76 ms for 640x480, and 720p resolutions, respectively. Hence, with the FPGA implementation, an acceleration of 5 times is obtained which allow the processing of 37 fps and 13 fps for 640x480, and 720p resolutions, respectively.

Automated image based prominent nucleoli detection.

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Yap, Choon K; Kalaw, Emarene M; Singh, Malay; Chong, Kian T; Giron, Danilo M; Huang, Chao-Hui; Cheng, Li; Law, Yan N; Lee, Hwee Kuan

2015-01-01

Nucleolar changes in cancer cells are one of the cytologic features important to the tumor pathologist in cancer assessments of tissue biopsies. However, inter-observer variability and the manual approach to this work hamper the accuracy of the assessment by pathologists. In this paper, we propose a computational method for prominent nucleoli pattern detection. Thirty-five hematoxylin and eosin stained images were acquired from prostate cancer, breast cancer, renal clear cell cancer and renal papillary cell cancer tissues. Prostate cancer images were used for the development of a computer-based automated prominent nucleoli pattern detector built on a cascade farm. An ensemble of approximately 1000 cascades was constructed by permuting different combinations of classifiers such as support vector machines, eXclusive component analysis, boosting, and logistic regression. The output of cascades was then combined using the RankBoost algorithm. The output of our prominent nucleoli pattern detector is a ranked set of detected image patches of patterns of prominent nucleoli. The mean number of detected prominent nucleoli patterns in the top 100 ranked detected objects was 58 in the prostate cancer dataset, 68 in the breast cancer dataset, 86 in the renal clear cell cancer dataset, and 76 in the renal papillary cell cancer dataset. The proposed cascade farm performs twice as good as the use of a single cascade proposed in the seminal paper by Viola and Jones. For comparison, a naive algorithm that randomly chooses a pixel as a nucleoli pattern would detect five correct patterns in the first 100 ranked objects. Detection of sparse nucleoli patterns in a large background of highly variable tissue patterns is a difficult challenge our method has overcome. This study developed an accurate prominent nucleoli pattern detector with the potential to be used in the clinical settings.

Automated image based prominent nucleoli detection

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Choon K Yap

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Nucleolar changes in cancer cells are one of the cytologic features important to the tumor pathologist in cancer assessments of tissue biopsies. However, inter-observer variability and the manual approach to this work hamper the accuracy of the assessment by pathologists. In this paper, we propose a computational method for prominent nucleoli pattern detection. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five hematoxylin and eosin stained images were acquired from prostate cancer, breast cancer, renal clear cell cancer and renal papillary cell cancer tissues. Prostate cancer images were used for the development of a computer-based automated prominent nucleoli pattern detector built on a cascade farm. An ensemble of approximately 1000 cascades was constructed by permuting different combinations of classifiers such as support vector machines, eXclusive component analysis, boosting, and logistic regression. The output of cascades was then combined using the RankBoost algorithm. The output of our prominent nucleoli pattern detector is a ranked set of detected image patches of patterns of prominent nucleoli. Results: The mean number of detected prominent nucleoli patterns in the top 100 ranked detected objects was 58 in the prostate cancer dataset, 68 in the breast cancer dataset, 86 in the renal clear cell cancer dataset, and 76 in the renal papillary cell cancer dataset. The proposed cascade farm performs twice as good as the use of a single cascade proposed in the seminal paper by Viola and Jones. For comparison, a naive algorithm that randomly chooses a pixel as a nucleoli pattern would detect five correct patterns in the first 100 ranked objects. Conclusions: Detection of sparse nucleoli patterns in a large background of highly variable tissue patterns is a difficult challenge our method has overcome. This study developed an accurate prominent nucleoli pattern detector with the potential to be used in the clinical settings.

A model study of present-day Hall-effect circulators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Placke, B. [RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Quantum Information, Aachen (Germany); Bosco, S. [RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Quantum Information, Aachen (Germany); Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Fundamentals of Future Information Technologiesh, Juelich (Germany); DiVincenzo, D.P. [RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Quantum Information, Aachen (Germany); Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Fundamentals of Future Information Technologiesh, Juelich (Germany); Peter Gruenberg Institute, Theoretical Nanoelectronics, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich (Germany)

2017-12-15

Stimulated by the recent implementation of a three-port Hall-effect microwave circulator of Mahoney et al. (MEA), we present model studies of the performance of this device. Our calculations are based on the capacitive-coupling model of Viola and DiVincenzo (VD). Based on conductance data from a typical Hall-bar device obtained from a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a magnetic field, we numerically solve the coupled field-circuit equations to calculate the expected performance of the circulator, as determined by the S parameters of the device when coupled to 50Ω ports, as a function of frequency and magnetic field. Above magnetic fields of 1.5 T, for which a typical 2DEG enters the quantum Hall regime (corresponding to a Landau-level filling fraction ν of 20), the Hall angle θ{sub H} = tan{sup -1} σ{sub xy}/σ{sub xx} always remains close to 90 , and the S parameters are close to the analytic predictions of VD for θ{sub H} = π/2. As anticipated by VD, MEA find the device to have rather high (kΩ) impedance, and thus to be extremely mismatched to 50Ω, requiring the use of impedance matching. We incorporate the lumped matching circuits of MEA in our modeling and confirm that they can produce excellent circulation, although confined to a very small bandwidth. We predict that this bandwidth is significantly improved by working at lower magnetic field when the Landau index is high, e.g. ν = 20, and the impedance mismatch is correspondingly less extreme. Our modeling also confirms the observation of MEA that parasitic port-to-port capacitance can produce very interesting countercirculation effects. (orig.)

Novas Fontes, Novas Versões: Contribuições do Acervo da Comissão Nacional da Verdade

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Alessandra Sá Mello Costa

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Na área de estudos organizacionais, o interesse dos pesquisadores em utilizar fontes e acervos históricos em suas pesquisas cresce a cada dia (Rowlinson, Hassard, & Decker, 2014; Yates, 2014. Como forma de enriquecer e aprofundar a discussão sobre esse movimento, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo refletir sobre possíveis contribuições das fontes reunidas, sistematizadas e produzidas pela Comissão Nacional da Verdade (CNV. Instituída para investigar as graves violações dos direitos humanos cometidas no regime da ditadura civil-militar brasileira, a CNV (a partir de seu acervo oferece aos pesquisadores das organizações novas versões dos fatos históricos, o que torna possível não só problematizar e rever versões históricas oficiais hegemônicas, mas também investigar fenômenos organizacionais sob outras perspectivas. Assim, após a descrição do processo de constituição e de composição do seu acervo documental, foram elencadas quatro avenidas de pesquisas iniciais: (a sobre o apoio e a participação da sociedade civil na constituição e manutenção do governo civil-militar brasileiro; (b sobre a formação de redes de agentes sociais envolvidos no processo de criação e de trabalho da CNV; (c sobre as relações de trabalho durante o período, como a atuação dos sindicatos ou as práticas de recursos humanos sob um regime autoritário; e (d sobre o tema da história e memória das empresas.

Новые данные об адвентивных видах сосудистых растений Республики Бурятия

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A. V. Sutkin

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Приведены сведения о новых местонахождениях Sinapis alba L., Hesperis pycnotricha Borbas et Degen, Armoracia rusticana Gaertn., Mey. et Scherb., Fragaria moschata (Duchesne Weston., Rosa rugosa Thunb., Impatiens parviflora DC., Viola tricolor L. на территории Республики Бурятия. Названия адвентивных видов растений даны по «Конспекту флоры Азиатской России» (Konspekt flory..., 2012. Образцы гербария переданы в UUH и ALTB.Ключевые слова: адвентивные растения, инвазионные виды, оз. Байкал, Республика Бурятия, Восточная Сибирь.  

Acolhimento familiar: uma alternativa de proteção para crianças e adolescentes Family foster care: a protective alternative for children and adolescents

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Nina Rosa do Amaral Costa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes que vivenciam violação de direitos tem sido discutido no âmbito do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e no meio acadêmico. Tais discussões visam elaborar diretrizes que garantam o direito à convivência familiar e comunitária e evidenciam um campo em reordenamento. Este artigo contextualiza o acolhimento familiar no cenário nacional, considerando-o como uma medida de proteção possível para crianças e adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade. Discute-se também o reflexo de algumas perspectivas teóricas que abordam as relações de vínculo afetivo em situações de acolhimento. Argumenta-se que ao fomentar uma nova cultura de acolhimento são necessárias mudanças nas concepções de infância e juventude, nas significações de vinculação afetiva e nas políticas de assistência à infância e juventude.Foster care of children and adolescents who have had their rights violated is being discussed both in the scientific literature and in agencies involved in the development of public policies. Such discussions, which aim to define some guidelines to guarantee the right to family and community inclusion, expose a field under change. This paper focuses on foster care in the Brazilian context and presents it as one of the possible alternatives for children and adolescents in risk situations. The (misleading influences of some theoretical perspectives that deal with affective bonds in foster care are also discussed. It is argued that a new foster culture requires changes in the conceptions of infancy and youth, in the meanings of affectionate bonds, and in welfare policies for children and adolescents.

Species-environment interactions changed by introduced herbivores in an oceanic high-mountain ecosystem.

Science.gov (United States)

Seguí, Jaume; López-Darias, Marta; Pérez, Antonio J; Nogales, Manuel; Traveset, Anna

2017-01-05

Summit areas of oceanic islands constitute some of the most isolated ecosystems on earth, highly vulnerable to climate change and introduced species. Within the unique high-elevation communities of Tenerife (Canary Islands), reproductive success and thus long-term survival of species may depend on environmental suitability as well as threat by introduced herbivores. By experimentally modifying the endemic and vulnerable species Viola cheiranthifolia along its entire altitudinal occurrence range, we studied plant performance, autofertility, pollen limitation and visitation rate and the interactive effect of grazing by non-native rabbits on them. We assessed the grazing effects by recording (1) the proportion of consumed plants and flowers along the gradient, (2) comparing fitness traits of herbivore-excluded plants along the gradient, and (3) comparing fitness traits, autofertility and pollen limitation between plants excluded from herbivores with unexcluded plants at the same locality. Our results showed that V. cheiranthifolia performance is mainly affected by inter-annual and microhabitat variability along the gradient, especially in the lowest edge. Despite the increasingly adverse environmental conditions, the plant showed no pollen limitation with elevation, which is attributed to the increase in autofertility levels (≥ 50% of reproductive output) and decrease in competition for pollinators at higher elevations. Plant fitness is, however, extremely reduced owing to the presence of non-native rabbits in the area (consuming more than 75% of the individuals in some localities), which in turn change plant trait-environment interactions along the gradient. Taken together, these findings indicate that the elevational variation found on plant performance results from the combined action of non-native rabbits with the microhabitat variability, exerting intricate ecological influences that threaten the survival of this violet species. Published by Oxford University

Que direito à saúde para a população GLBT? Considerando direitos humanos, sexuais e reprodutivos em busca da integralidade e da eqüidade What do health rights mean for the GLBT population?Considering human, sexual and reproductive rights in the search for equity and integrality in the health system

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Tatiana Lionço

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo problematizar a pertinência de uma política de saúde para a população de Gays, Lésbicas, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais - GLBT. A partir da consideração dos processos de violação de seus direitos humanos, sistematicamente comprometidos devido a estigmas e processos discriminatórios, busca-se evidenciar a necessidade de uma política de saúde específica a esta população, na perspectiva da integralidade da atenção e da eqüidade no sistema de saúde. O desafio da construção de uma política de atenção integral à saúde dessa população, tal como prevista no programa de governo federal Brasil sem Homofobia, implica a complexificação e alargamento do que se compreende por direitos sexuais e reprodutivos para a efetiva promoção da eqüidade e universalidade do acesso aos bens e serviços.This paper discusses whether a specific health policy for Gays, Lesbians, Bisexuals, Transvestites and Transsexuals is a good way to improve their lives and health situation, recognizing that their human rights are systematically violated by prejudice and discrimination processes. A health policy could be a strong political and technical instrument for achieving integrality in health care and equity in the health system. Building a health policy according to the constitutional right of universality and integrality in health care is proposed by the Federal Government's program called No Homophobia in Brazil. For its consolidation, we need to broaden what we understand by sexual and reproductive rights.

New learning of music after bilateral medial temporal lobe damage: evidence from an amnesic patient.

Science.gov (United States)

Valtonen, Jussi; Gregory, Emma; Landau, Barbara; McCloskey, Michael

2014-01-01

Damage to the hippocampus impairs the ability to acquire new declarative memories, but not the ability to learn simple motor tasks. An unresolved question is whether hippocampal damage affects learning for music performance, which requires motor processes, but in a cognitively complex context. We studied learning of novel musical pieces by sight-reading in a newly identified amnesic, LSJ, who was a skilled amateur violist prior to contracting herpes simplex encephalitis. LSJ has suffered virtually complete destruction of the hippocampus bilaterally, as well as extensive damage to other medial temporal lobe structures and the left anterior temporal lobe. Because of LSJ's rare combination of musical training and near-complete hippocampal destruction, her case provides a unique opportunity to investigate the role of the hippocampus for complex motor learning processes specifically related to music performance. Three novel pieces of viola music were composed and closely matched for factors contributing to a piece's musical complexity. LSJ practiced playing two of the pieces, one in each of the two sessions during the same day. Relative to a third unpracticed control piece, LSJ showed significant pre- to post-training improvement for the two practiced pieces. Learning effects were observed both with detailed analyses of correctly played notes, and with subjective whole-piece performance evaluations by string instrument players. The learning effects were evident immediately after practice and 14 days later. The observed learning stands in sharp contrast to LSJ's complete lack of awareness that the same pieces were being presented repeatedly, and to the profound impairments she exhibits in other learning tasks. Although learning in simple motor tasks has been previously observed in amnesic patients, our results demonstrate that non-hippocampal structures can support complex learning of novel musical sequences for music performance.

Ethno-botanical studies from northern Pakistan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Afzal, S.; Afzal, N.

2009-01-01

In this research paper efforts have been made to document the ethno-botanical knowledge of important plant species found in Northern Pakistan. It includes Thandiani, Galiat, Kaghan, Swat, Buner, Dir, Chitral and Northern Areas of Pakistan. The area has many climatic and vegetation zones or biomes. Locals residing in mountainous areas belonging to various ethnic groups are traditionally utilizing plants over many generations; these ethnic groups have their distinct life style, belief, traditions and cultural heritage. Plant collection and data regarding traditional uses in various areas of Northern Pakistan has been done periodically in different flowering /fruiting seasons. Locals of old age belonging to various ethnic groups were personally interviewed for establishing uses of plants. Photography is done for easy identification and habitat recognition. Collected plant specimens and seeds were preserved. Plant species were dried, mounted, identified and authenticated. Seventy six species were known to have traditional and ethno botanical uses. Plants have been utilized for many generations. Ethnic groups have distinct life style and have different economic uses for these plants. Due to unsustainable exploitation of natural habitats scarcity of drug plants has occurred. As consequence some species are depleting and may become extinct in near future, e. g. Morchella esculenta, Colchicum lueteum and Viola serpens are just a few of these. Although some sporadic information is available about the flora of this region but very little documented record of the ethno-botanically important plants has been established. It is expected that this research paper will be beneficial for students, researchers, farmers, foresters and general public. On the basis of data obtained it is concluded that ethno-botanical Flora of Northern Pakistan is quite rich and is diverse, due to the difference in altitude, climate and other topographic conditions. (author)

O conhecimento dos estudantes da faculdade de medicina de Marília (Famema sobre responsabilidade profissional e segredo médico

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Ana Cristina Mendonça

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O CFM INstituiu o Código de Ética Médica (CEM, cuja violação implica sanções, impondo aos profissionais a ele submetidos seu conhecimento e aplicação, por meio de conduta permeada pelos prima facie ducties. Conhecer o assunto torna-se condição básica para sua observação. Daí a importância deste ensino desde os primeiros anos do curso médico, fornecendo ao estudante capacidade de análise ética na prática profissional futura. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o grau de conhecimento sobre as disposições do CEM relativas a "responsabilidade profissional" e "segredo médico" entre estudantes de Medicina da Famema e verificar se há evolução desse conhecimento durante a graduação. MÉTODO: Estudo realizado em dez meses, com 479 estudantes do primeiro ao sexto ano, regularmente matriculados. Aplicado questionário anônimo, com duas partes: uma com dados sociodemográficos e outra composta por 11 cenários clínicos, envolvendo questões eticamente conflituosas. RESULTADOS: 395 estudantes responderam o questionário (82,46% da amostra inicial. Ao se comparar a média total de acertos entre as turmas nos cenários, encontrou-se o valor de p = 0,7148, sem significância estatística. CONCLUSÕES: Não há diferença estatisticamente significativa no grau de conhecimento sobre ética entre as séries. Sugere-se a introdução efetiva do assunto na graduação do curso médico, com metodologia de ensino adequada.

Abdominal wall recurrence following laparoscopic surgical treatment of colorectal cancer – case report

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Kaiser de Souza Kock

2016-10-01

Full Text Available The treatment of colorectal diseases by videolaparoscopy (VL began in the 1990s, bringing multiple advantages in the treatment of cancers in general, especially benign tumors. Specifically, in case of colorectal cancer (CRC, the laparoscopic approach offers very attractive prospects, such as the staging of advanced lesions and palliative management of patients with incurable CCR. The most controversial aspect of this technique is the use of VL in curative resections. One questions the possibility of metastasis in portals related to tumor recurrence, as well as the violation of oncological principles. The mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon may be related to pneumoperitoneum, tissue manipulation, and biological factors. Resumo: O tratamento das doenças colorretais por vídeo-laparoscopia (VL se iniciou na década de 90, trazendo inúmeras vantagens no tratamento dos cânceres em geral, sobretudo nos cânceres benignos. Especificamente no caso do câncer colorretal (CCR o acesso laparoscópico oferece perspectivas bastante atraentes, como o estadiamento de lesões avançadas e o manuseio paliativo de pacientes com CCR incurável. O aspecto mais controverso dessa técnica reside na utilização da VL em ressecções curativas. Questiona-se a possibilidade de metástase em portais relacionadas com a recidiva tumoral, além da violação de princípios oncológicos. Os mecanismos responsáveis por esse fenômeno podem estar relacionados ao pneumoperitônio, manipulação tecidual e fatores biológicos. Keywords: Videolaparoscopy, Colorectal cancer, Recurrence, Metastasis, Palavras chave: Vídeo-Laparoscopia, Câncer Colorretal, Recidiva, Metástase

The ecological aspect of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology of population in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Science.gov (United States)

Redzić, Sulejman S

2007-09-01

This paper contains first systematical revision of the results on traditional use of wild medicinal and aromatic herbs on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)--west of Balkan Peninsula; Southeast of Europe. There have been detected 227 plants belonging to 71 different plant families, which are being used with ethno therapeutic purpose. Results were obtained by method of open ethno botanical interview which comprised 150 persons, whose average age was 63. Medicinal plants in ethno therapy are being used either in fresh, raw or dried condition. Different herbal parts, depending on period of vegetation season, sometimes even in winter, are basis for preparation of infusions (59%), decoct (19%), tinctures (4%). Especially original are balms known as Bosnian "mehlems", which are fresh cuted herbal parts mixed with lukewarm resin, raw cow butter or honey. In ethno therapy are mostly being used aerial plant organs. Majority of herbs is being used for treatment of illnesses of respiratory (22%), gastrointestinal (19%) and urinary and genital system (9%), for treatment of skin conditions (11%), as well as for nervous system and heart diseases (16%). The most original plants on the field of ethno pharmacology, comparing with ethno therapy practice of other regions, are as follows: Ballota nigra, Aesculus hippocastanum, Calluna vulgaris, Centaurea cyanus, Euphrasia rostkoviana, Geranium robertianum, Gentiana asclepiadea, Helichrysum italicum, Lycopodium clavatum, Marrubium vulgare, Nepeta cataria, Populus tremula, Ruta graveolens, Tamus communis, Teucrium montanum, T. chamaedrys, and endemic plants Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra, Teucrium arduini, Micromeria thymifolia, Satureja montana, S. subspicata, Rhamnus fallax and Viola elegantula. There haven't been noticed significant differences in the frequencies of medicinal plants use among different ethnical groups. But, it has been perceived that longer ethno therapeutic tradition possess inhabitants of sub- and

Psicologia nos direitos humanos: possibilidades de mediações semióticas Psychology in human rights: possibilities of semiotic mediations

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Gisele Schwede

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta o relato de um estágio supervisionado em Psicologia Social e procura-se nele discutir as possibilidades teóricas e metodológicas do trabalho do psicólogo em um Centro de Direitos Humanos e o papel que desempenha este profissional neste espaço político de ação. Apresenta-se uma revisão conceitual sobre a mediação semiótica como instrumento de trabalho e método, a partir do referencial teórico de Vigotski, que entende que o fenômeno psicológico só acontece à medida que é mediado. Ao longo do desenvolvimento do estágio, realizou-se 96 atendimentos à população vítima de violação de direitos e em todos os casos atendidos verificou-se desinformação sobre redes de apoio para a busca de solução e/ou encaminhamento das demandas.This article is a report of a supervised internship in Social Psychology and it aims at discussing the theoretical and methodological possibilities of the psychologist's work in a Human Rights Center and the role this professional plays in this political environment. It is presented a conceptual review of the semiotic mediation as a work method and a tool based on Vygotski's theory. He understands that the psychological phenomenon only takes place as it is mediated. Along the internship, 96 people, victims of human rights violation were seen and, in all cases, the lack of information on support networks in order to search for a solution or report the problems was observed.

O PATRÃO E A PADROEIRA: MOMENTOS DE PERIGO NA PENHA, RIO DE JANEIRO

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Adriana Facina

Full Text Available Resumo O Baile da Chatuba é realizado desde meados dos anos 1990 na Quadra da Chatuba, Morro da Chatuba, parte do Complexo da Penha, na Zona Norte do Rio de Janeiro. A ocupação militar do Complexo da Penha em 2010 e a instalação de uma Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP no Morro em 2012 restringiram o uso da Quadra, e o Baile foi suspenso. Em 2014 a Secretaria de Cultura do Estado patrocinou seu retorno, negociado entre os realizadores, integrantes da UPP, a Secretaria de Cultura, varejistas de substâncias ilícitas e moradores. Excluiu-se o subgênero de funk carioca cujas narrativas evocam a vida no crime: o proibidão, em função do qual o evento se tornara conhecido. Pesquisa histórica, análises fonográficas e trabalho de campo conduzido entre 2005 e 2015 reúnem-se nos âmbitos de uma antropologia urbana e de uma musicologia relacional (Born 2010 para inserir tal processo na história da criminalização das festas populares do bairro da Penha. Eximidos de uma visão linear e evolucionista da história (Benjamin 1985, a Festa da Penha e o Baile da Chatuba emergem como alegorias de uma história de longa duração das culturas da diáspora negra. Essa história articula criminalização e sobrevivência, e sugere que o proibidão seja parte de construções de identidade referenciadas nas experiências compartidas da violência armada e da violação de direitos.

A very rare case of HPV-53-related cervical cancer, in a 79-year-old woman with a previous history of negative Pap cytology

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Zappacosta R

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Roberta Zappacosta,1 Giuseppe Lattanzio,2 Patrizia Viola,2 Manuel Maria Ianieri,3 Daniela Maria Pia Gatta,1 Sandra Rosini11Cytopathology Unit, Experimental and Clinical Sciences Department, Gabriele d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; 2Surgical Pathology Unit, 3Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, ItalyAbstract: The introduction of organized cervical cancer (CC screening programs has drastically reduced the prevalence of CC. However the incidence is still too high, especially among elderly women. All guidelines strongly recommend a regular Papanicolaou (Pap testing for young and middle-aged patients. On the other hand, many international professional societies no longer advise screening in women who have undergone hysterectomy, and in women aged 65 years and above, who have a previous history of regular Pap smears. Here we report the case of poorly differentiated CC, involving the pelvic lymph nodes and urinary bladder, occurring in a 79-year-old woman who regularly underwent Pap tests, with no reported cytological abnormalities. In this very rare case, the CC cells, as well as cells from metastatic lymph nodes and cells from urinary specimens, molecularly showed human papilloma virus (HPV-53. With the limitations of a single case, this report brings important information to prevent CC in elderly patients: the utility of molecular tests to increase sensitivity of Pap smears in postmenopausal women; the importance of HPV-53 as one of the four “emergent” genotypes having a possible role in oncogenesis; and the presence of HPV-53 in lymph node metastases from cervical carcinoma, which would support the role of this virus in the maintenance of malignant status.Keywords: old women, molecular tests, cervical cancer screening, HPV-DNA test, HPV genotypingA Letter to the editor has been received and published for this articleCorrigendum for this paper has been published

Observing Muon Neutrino to Electron Neutrino Oscillations in the NOνA Experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xin, Tian [Iowa State U.

2016-01-01

Neutrino oscillations offers an insight on new physics beyond the Standard Model. The three mixing angles (θ12, θ13 and θ23) and the two mass splittings (Δm2 and Αm2 ) have been measured by different neutrino oscillation experiments. Some other parameters including the mass ordering of different neutrino mass eigenstates and the CP violation phase are still unknown. NOνA is a long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiment, using neutrinos from the NuMI beam at Fermilab. The experiment is equipped with two functionally identical detectors about 810 kilometers apart and 14 mrad off the beam axis. In this configuration, the muon neutrinos from the NuMI beam reach the disappearance maximum in the far detector and a small fraction of that oscillates into electron neutrinos. The sensitivity to the mass ordering and CP viola- tion phase determination is greately enhanced. This thesis presents the νeappearance analysis using the neutrino data collected with the NOνA experiment between February 2014 and May 2015, which corresponds to 3.45 ×1020 protons-on-target (POT). The νe appearance analysis is performed by comparing the observed νe CC-like events to the estimated background at the far detector. The total background is predicted to be 0.95 events with 0.89 originated from beam events and 0.06 from cosmic ray events. The beam background is obtained by extrapolating near detector data through different oscillation channels, while the cosmic ray background is calculated based on out-of-time NuMI trigger data. A total of 6 electron neutrino candidates are observed in the end at the far detector which represents 3.3 σ excess over the predicted background. The NOνA result disfavors inverted mass hierarchy for δcp ϵ [0, 0.6π] at 90% C.L.

Microsites Matter: Improving the Success of Rare Species Reintroductions.

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Peter W Dunwiddie

Full Text Available Our study was undertaken to better understand how to increase the success rates of recovery plantings of a rare hemiparasite, golden paintbrush (Castilleja levisecta-Orobanchaceae. This species is endemic to western Washington and Oregon, USA, and southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Over 5000 golden paintbrush plants were outplanted as plugs in 2007 at six different native prairie sites that were considered to be suitable habitat, based on general evaluations of vegetation and soil conditions. Outplantings were installed at regular intervals along transects up to 1 km long to include a range of conditions occurring at each site. All plantings were re-examined five years later. The patchy distribution of surviving plugs and new recruits within each reintroduction site suggested success is strongly influenced by microsite characteristics. Indicator species analysis of taxa growing in microsites around outplanted golden paintbrush identified species that were positively or negatively associated with paintbrush survival. Species such as Festuca roemeri, Eriophyllum lanatum, and Viola adunca were strong indicators at some sites; non-natives such as Hypochaeris radicata and Teesdalia nudicaulis tended to be frequent negative indicators. Overall, higher richness of native perennial forbs was strongly correlated with both survival and flowering of golden paintbrush, a pattern that may reflect interactions of this hemiparasite with the immediately surrounding plant community. Topographic position also influenced outcomes, with greater survival occurring on mounds and in swales, where soils generally were deeper. Our findings suggest that assessments of site suitability based on vegetation alone, and coarser, site-level assessments that do not characterize heterogeneity at the microsite scale, may not be strong predictors of restoration success over the longer term and in sites with variability in vegetation and soils. By identifying suitable

Derechos humanos constituyentes, luchas sociales y cotidianas e historización

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David Sánchez Rubio

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Los derechos humanos tienen en su reclamación a uno de sus componentes más importantes. Se puede exigir un derecho negado pero ya reconocido por el ordenamiento jurídico de un estado constitucional de derecho o reivindicar un derecho nuevo que no está recogido por el sistema normativo de los estados-nacionales que incorporan internamente a los sistemas internacionales. Las causas de que se reclamen derechos residen en algún tipo de agravio, afrenta o perjuicio ocasionado a un ser humano particular o a un grupo o colectivo de seres humanos. Ese daño puede ser individual y puntual, producido por un acto concreto y determinado, o puede ser provocado por una relación desigual de poder más estabilizada, es decir, por una estructura o un sistema de dominación que genera la discriminación, la opresión, la exclusión y/o la muerte de quienes lo sufren. Por esta razón, para Ignacio Ellacuría la mejor forma y el método más adecuado para percibir un derecho humano real y dinámico es el de negar aquella condición de esclavitud, debilidad y opresión que viola una dimensión vital y existencia de los seres humanos que se traduce y significa en términos de dignidad, de libertad o de derechos, ya que este estado o condición negadora es la que ofrece un dato temático primario que sirve de fuente no solo de análisis, sino, principalmente, para poder ha-cer justicia enfrentándola y, de modo dialéctico, anulándola, mediante su superación crítica y transformadora.

Entre as "máfias" e a "ajuda": a construção de conhecimento sobre tráfico de pessoas Between the "mafias" and "help": the building of knowledge on human trafficking

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Adriana Piscitelli

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo comento algumas dificuldades relativas à produção do conhecimento sobre tráfico de pessoas. Tomo como referência experiências de pesquisa realizadas no Brasil e na Espanha que mostram a importância de mapear e situar os pressupostos dos diferentes grupos de interesse envolvidos, incluindo as pessoas que se espera proteger e atender. Analiso problemas metodológicos, discutindo os efeitos da vigência de diferentes definições de tráfico de pessoas na produção de dados e documentos. Finalmente, levo em conta a contribuição das distinções entre crime e violação dos direitos humanos para refletir sobre um dos aspectos presentes no material: a distância entre a percepção de pessoas tecnicamente consideradas vítimas de tráfico e definições legais desse crime.In this article, I comment on some difficulties related to the building up of knowledge on human trafficking. I base myself on research experience carried out in Brazil and in Spain which shows the importance of mapping and locating the notions of the different interest groups involved, including those people whom it is expected to protect and help. I analyze methodological problems, discussing the effects of the validity of the different definitions of human trafficking in the production of data and documents. In conclusion, I take into consideration the distinctions between crime and the violation of human rights so as to reflect on one of the aspects present in the material: the distance between the perception of tose technically considered to be victims of trafficking and the legal definitions of this crime.

Neutralidade de Rede: Finalidade, Eficácia, Efetividade e Eficiência

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Igor Drumond

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Propósito – Este artigo pretende abordar o papel da neutralidade de rede, partindo da premissa de uma estrutura de rede de internet escassa. Metodologia/abordagem/design – O artigo descreve algumas histórias de sucesso e fracasso de serviços de internet para ilustrar alguns pontos daquilo que se entende por neutralidade, como também traça um paralelo das dificuldades dos provedores de conteúdo não enfrentadas pelos provedores de rede e como as estratégias destes podem, ao mesmo tempo, violar a neutralidade, causar prejuízos aos usuários e aos provedores de conteúdo ou interferir negativamente nas estratégias destes. Também se promove a uma comparação do atual cenário regulatório no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos a respeito do tema e se utiliza da convergência e intersecção da Teoria dos Jogos, os custos de transação do Teorema de Coase, a Teoria do Interesse Público e a concepção de um sistema regulatório eficiente e equitativo para analisar os papéis dos atores em jogo. Resultados – Sugerem-se parâmetros de finalidade, eficácia, efetividade e eficiência como ferramentas para se evitarem violações à neutralidade no que diz respeito à oferta de serviços de internet pelas operadoras aos usuários-consumidores. Implicações práticas – O artigo auxilia na avaliação de situações cujas relações tenham potencial de violar o princípio da neutralidade de rede.

New Learning of Music after Bilateral Medial Temporal Lobe Damage: Evidence from an Amnesic Patient

Science.gov (United States)

Valtonen, Jussi; Gregory, Emma; Landau, Barbara; McCloskey, Michael

2014-01-01

Damage to the hippocampus impairs the ability to acquire new declarative memories, but not the ability to learn simple motor tasks. An unresolved question is whether hippocampal damage affects learning for music performance, which requires motor processes, but in a cognitively complex context. We studied learning of novel musical pieces by sight-reading in a newly identified amnesic, LSJ, who was a skilled amateur violist prior to contracting herpes simplex encephalitis. LSJ has suffered virtually complete destruction of the hippocampus bilaterally, as well as extensive damage to other medial temporal lobe structures and the left anterior temporal lobe. Because of LSJ’s rare combination of musical training and near-complete hippocampal destruction, her case provides a unique opportunity to investigate the role of the hippocampus for complex motor learning processes specifically related to music performance. Three novel pieces of viola music were composed and closely matched for factors contributing to a piece’s musical complexity. LSJ practiced playing two of the pieces, one in each of the two sessions during the same day. Relative to a third unpracticed control piece, LSJ showed significant pre- to post-training improvement for the two practiced pieces. Learning effects were observed both with detailed analyses of correctly played notes, and with subjective whole-piece performance evaluations by string instrument players. The learning effects were evident immediately after practice and 14 days later. The observed learning stands in sharp contrast to LSJ’s complete lack of awareness that the same pieces were being presented repeatedly, and to the profound impairments she exhibits in other learning tasks. Although learning in simple motor tasks has been previously observed in amnesic patients, our results demonstrate that non-hippocampal structures can support complex learning of novel musical sequences for music performance. PMID:25232312

New Learning of Music after Bilateral Medial Temporal Lobe Damage: Evidence from an Amnesic Patient

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Jussi eValtonen

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Damage to the hippocampus impairs the ability to acquire new declarative memories, but not the ability to learn simple motor tasks. An unresolved question is whether hippocampal damage affects learning for music performance, which requires motor processes, but in a cognitively complex context. We studied learning of novel musical pieces by sight-reading in a newly-identified amnesic, LSJ, who was a skilled amateur violist prior to contracting herpes simplex encephalitis. LSJ has suffered virtually complete destruction of the hippocampus bilaterally, as well as extensive damage to other medial temporal lobe structures and the left anterior temporal lobe. Because of LSJ’s rare combination of musical training and near-complete hippocampal destruction, her case provides a unique opportunity to investigate the role of the hippocampus for complex motor learning processes specifically related to music performance. Three novel pieces of viola music were composed, closely matched for factors contributing to a piece’s musical complexity. LSJ practiced playing two of the pieces, one in each of two sessions during the same day. Relative to a third unpracticed control piece, LSJ showed significant pre- to post-training improvement for the two practiced pieces. Learning effects were observed both with detailed analyses of correctly played notes, and with subjective whole-piece performance evaluations by string instrument players. The learning effects were evident immediately after practice and 14 days later. The observed learning stands in sharp contrast to LSJ’s complete lack of awareness that the same pieces were being presented repeatedly, and to the profound impairments she exhibits in other learning tasks. Although learning in simple motor tasks has been previously observed in amnesic patients, our results demonstrate that non-hippocampal structures can support complex learning of novel musical sequences for music performance.

The effect of intercropping on weed infestation of a spring barley crop cultivated in monoculture

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Ewa Kwiecińska-Poppe

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the results of a study carried out in the years 2005-2007 in the Bezek Experimental Farm near the city of Chełm, Poland, on heavy mixed rendzina soil. The effect of intercropping, using red clover (cv. Dajana and white clover (cv. Astra, on weed infestation of a spring barley crop was studied. The species composition of weeds in the spring barley crop changed to a small extent under the influence of the application of clover intercropping, whereas the population size of particular species showed large fluctuations. In the spring barley crop with the red clover intercrop, Sonchus arvensis occurred in greatest numbers among dicotyledonous weed species. In the barley crop with white clover and without intercrop, Viola arvensis and Sonchus arvensis were the dominant dicotyledonous species. Setaria pumila was the dominant monocotyledonous species in all the treatments. Intercropping using red and white clover clearly limited the growth and development of weeds. The red clover intercrop in the spring barley crop better reduced the infestation with dicotyledonous weeds and also significantly reduced the number of monocotyledonous weeds and the total number of weeds, whereas the white clover intercrop limited only the number of monocotyledonous weeds. The application of the herbicide Chwastox Extra 300 SL significantly reduced the fresh weight of weeds found in the spring barley crop. The presence of the intercrop resulted in different total numbers of weeds in particular treatments. Intercropping distinctly limited the occurrence of the following weed species: Sonchus arvensis, Fallopia convolvulus, Melandrium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, Veronica arvensis and Medicago lupulina. The investigated intercrop species also reduced the biomass of weeds. The application of the herbicide did not differentiate the number of monocotyledonous weeds, which resulted from the application of Chwastox Extra 300 SL that controls only

EDITORIAL: Special issue containing papers presented at the 12th International Workshop on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers Special issue containing papers presented at the 12th International Workshop on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers

Science.gov (United States)

Hahm, T. S.

2010-06-01

Edge Localized Modes. The selection of topics and overview speakers and the scientific programme were carried out by the International Advisory Committee, consisting of: R. Groebner (GA, USA), T.S. Hahm (PPPL, USA--Chair), A. Hubbard (MIT, USA), K. Ida (NIFS, Japan), S. Lebedev (Ioffe Institute, Russia), N. Oyama (JAEA, Japan), G. Saibene (F4E, EU) and W. Suttrop (IPP, Germany). Their work, advice, and participation contributed to the success of the meeting. Finally, I would like to express deep gratitude to J. Jones and B. Sarfaty who took care of numerous issues relating to the organization of the meeting, and to J.K. Park and several graduate students of the Princeton University Plasma Physics Program for helping with the transportation of participants.

Avaliação tomográfica do posicionamento de parafusos pediculares em deformidades na coluna torácica e lombar introduzidos com base na técnica "free hand" Evaluación tomográfica de la colocación de tornillos pediculares en deformidades de la columna torácica y lumbar, introducidos con base en la técnica "free hand" Tomographic evaluation of the placement of pedicle screws used in deformities of the thoracic and lumbar spine based on the "free hand" technique

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Dante Bernardes Giubilei

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o posicionamento de parafusos pediculares aplicados em vértebras da coluna torácica e lombar em pacientes portadores de escolioses, introduzidos pela técnica "free hand". MÉTODOS: Avaliação de quinze tomografias computadorizadas de 284 parafusos pediculares em 15 pacientes (sete homens e oito mulheres, com idade entre 12 e 39 anos (média de 16,7 anos com escoliose. Os parafusos foram inseridos de T2 a S1 para as seguintes afecções: duas escolioses congênitas e 13 escolioses neuromusculares, visando avaliar o posicionamento dos parafusos com relação às paredes dos pedículos. RESULTADOS: Em relação às corticais do pedículo, 244 parafusos (86% foram posicionados entre as corticais ou apenas as tocaram. Houve lesão da cortical lateral em 16 parafusos e lesão da cortical medial em 13 parafusos, sendo maior o número de violações nas vértebras torácicas. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de parafusos pediculares na instrumentação de vértebras torácicas e lombares nas escolioses mostrou -se segura e efetiva quando aplicado em diferentes níveis com a técnica "free hand''. Nas vértebras torácicas as violações da cortical pedicular foram mais frequentes, mas não prejudicaram a estabilidade da fixação e não lesaram estruturas neurais, vasculares e viscerais.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la colocación de tornillos pediculares utilizados en las vértebras de la columna torácica y lumbar en pacientes con escoliosis, introducidos mediante la técnica "free hand". MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron quince tomografías computadorizadas de 284 tornillos pediculares en 15 pacientes (siete hombres y ocho mujeres, de edades comprendidas entre 12 y 39 años (promedio de 16,7 años, que tenían escoliosis. Los tornillos se insertaron desde T2 a S1, siendo dos escoliosis congénitas y 13 escoliosis neuromusculares; se analizó la colocación de los tornillos en relación a las paredes de los pedículos. RESULTADOS: Cuanto a las corticales del ped

El Feminicidio como Violación a los Derechos Humanos: el caso de México desde una perspectiva internacional

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Dainzú López de Lara

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Partimos de la premisa que el feminicidio es una violación a los derechos humanos ya que las víctimas y familiares no reciben justicia y además son re-victimizadas institucionalmente. Este texto explora los conceptos en donde se encuentra entrampada la definición del feminicidio, lo que hace que no tome la relevancia que tiene. Las cifras muestran aumento en el número de feminicidios, tanto en México como en América Latina, región de las más violentas contra las mujeres. Se explora la cuestión de por qué el feminicidio no es un crimen común y podría o debería considerarse genocidio o crimen de lesa humanidad, aunque como veremos la discusión también se encuentra atrapada en el ámbito jurídico que pretexta límites en la definición y que por supuesto no coadyuva a la solución del problema. Mostraremos la definición de derechos humanos y de la reforma constitucional que en México amplió las obligaciones del Estado para con los derechos humanos, y observamos que, a pesar de la tipificación del feminicidio, éste todavía encuentra muchos problemas para su definición, pero sobre todo para el cumplimiento de las obligaciones del Estado. Palabras clave: México, feminicidio, genocidio, derechos humanos Feminicídio como Violação dos Direitos Humanos: o caso do México a partir de uma perspectiva internacional Reumo Partimos da premissa de que feminicídio é uma violação dos direitos humanos, pois as vítimas e suas famílias não recebem justiça e eles são re-vitimizadas institucionalmente. Este texto explora os conceitos a que se refere o feminicídio, que não leva em consideração sua relevância. Os números mostram aumento no número de assassinatos de mulheres, tanto no México e na América Latina, uma região das mais violentas contra as mulheres. Exploramos por que o feminicídio não é um crime comum e poderia ou deveria ser considerado genocídio ou crime contra a humanidade. Embora, como veremos, a

An Internet-based platform for the estimation of outcrossing potential between cultivated and Chilean vascular plants.

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Cid, Pablo; Aguirre, Carlos; Sánchez, Miguel Ángel; Zamorano, Daniel; Mihoc, Maritza; Salazar, Erika; Chacón, Gustavo; Navarrete, Humberto; Rosas, Marcelo; Prieto, Humberto

2017-04-01

A national-scale study of outcrossing potential within Chilean vascular flora was conducted using an upgraded algorithm, which adds parameters such as pollinator agents, climate, and geographic conditions. Datasets were organized and linked in a Web platform (www.flujogenico.cl), in which the development of a total outcrossing potential (TOP) predictor was formulated. The TOP predictor is the engine in the Web platform, which models the effect of a type of agricultural practice on others (coexistence calculation mode) and on the environment (biodiversity calculation mode). The scale for TOP results uses quintiles in order to define outcrossing potential between species as "very low," "low," "medium," "high," or "very high." In a coexistence analysis considering 256 species (207 genera), the 10 highest TOP values were for genera Citrus , Prunus , Trifolium , Brassica , Allium , Eucalyptus , Cucurbita , Solanum , Lollium , and Lotus . The highest TOP for species in this analysis fell at "high" potential, 4.9% of the determined values. In biodiversity mode, seven out of 256 cultivated species (2.7%) were native, and 249 (97.3%) corresponded to introduced species. The highest TOP was obtained in the genera Senecio , Calceolaria , Viola , Solanum , Poa , Alstroemeria , Valeriana , Vicia , Atriplex , and Campanula , showing "high" potential in 4.9% of the values. On the other hand, 137 genetically modified species, including the commercial and pre-commercial developments, were included and represented 100 genera. Among these, 22 genera had relatives (i.e., members of the same genus) in the native/introduced group. The genera with the highest number of native/introduced relatives ranged from one ( Ipomea , Limonium , Carica , Potentilla , Lotus , Castanea , and Daucus ) to 66 species ( Solanum ). The highest TOP was obtained when the same species were coincident in both groups, such as for Carica chilensis , Prosopis tamarugo , and Solanum tuberosum . Results are

Psicologia no Contexto da Ditadura Civil-militar e Ressonâncias na Contemporaneidade

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Fabíola Figueirêdo da Silva

Full Text Available Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo versar sobre as relações da Psicologia com a sociedade no contexto da ditadura civil-militar, considerando o papel das entidades de Psicologia nesse período. Há algumas considerações sobre as características deste contexto histórico e os seus efeitos na subjetividade dos indivíduos que vivenciaram tal momento. O artigo propõe também uma reflexão acerca dos desafios da Psicologia no cenário brasileiro contemporâneo. Foi adotado o tipo de pesquisa bibliográfica, e os dados obtidos foram analisados de forma qualitativa, utilizando-se livros e artigos científicos de língua portuguesa. A ditadura nos remete a um período violento e triste na história brasileira, que teve a característica da violação dos direitos humanos, sendo comum as práticas de tortura, prisões ilegais e mortes. Inicialmente, as associações profissionais dos psicólogos priorizavam questões organizativas e técnicas da profissão, evitando entrar em conflito com a ideologia do Estado ditatorial; e é justamente neste período que a profissão foi consolidada, com a atuação destas entidades que tinham por finalidade defender e representar a categoria dos psicólogos. Contudo, tais associações possuíam postura ambígua frente à violência de Estado: não se pronunciavam contra o regime, ao mesmo tempo em que eram coniventes com esse sistema repressivo. Atualmente, em que se reconhece o compromisso da Psicologia com a realidade em que está inserida, a produção de memória sobre este período da história é fundamental para se compreender as relações complexas que existiram durante a ditadura militar, e que repercutem até os dias atuais.

EL POLVO DE COCO COMO SUSTRATO ALTERNATIVO PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE PLANTAS ORNAMENTALES PARA TRASPLANTE

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A. Ayala-Sierra

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se realizó con el objeto de evaluar la factibilidad de utilizar sustratos elaborados a base de polvo de coco para la germinación de semillas y desarrollo inicial de plantas para trasplante de seis especies ornamentales y determinar la posibilidad de remplazar al Peat Moss. Las especies seleccionadas para el estudio fueron: Dianthus chinensis (clavelina, Gazania rigens (gazania, Tagetes erecta (marigold, Viola wittrockiana (pensamiento, Antirrhinum majus (dragón y Petunia x hybrida (petunia. Las semillas de las seis especies fueron sembradas en tres sustratos: polvo de coco, Peat Moss y Peat Lite. Previo a la siembra, el polvo de coco fue acondicionado mediante el ajuste del pH a 6.2, la adición de cal dolomítica y KNO3 como carga de nutrientes. Posteriormente, se elaboró una mezcla a base de polvo de coco, perlita y vermiculita a razón de 70, 20 y 10 % (v/v, y Peat Moss, perlita y vermiculita en las mismas proporciones. El Peat Lite contenía 50 % de Peat Moss y 50 % de perlita (v/v. Se evaluó el efecto de los sustratos en la altura de planta, el peso seco del vástago y de raíz, el porcentaje de germinación y el porcentaje de plantas con valor comercial. Aunque el polvo de coco causó una disminución significativa en la altura de plantas de gazania (21 %, dragones (30 % y petunias (13 %, y en el peso seco del vástago de dragones (24 % y en el peso seco de raíz de clavelina (22 %, esto no estuvo asociado con una disminución en la calidad de las plantas. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el polvo de coco puede utilizarse como sustrato para la producción de plantas para trasplante de especies ornamentales.

Religião e criminalidade: da cultura da morte à cultura da paz e do perdão

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Robson Sávio Reis Souza

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Um dos principais problemas sociais da atualidade é o assustador crescimento de várias modalidades de crimes violentos em várias cidades brasileiras. O retrato atual da violência no Brasil pode ser assim exposto: crescimento da delinqüência urbana, com espantoso aumento dos homicídios em torno do tráfico de drogas nas grandes cidades; consolidação da criminalidade organizada, através de redes de tráfico internacional, tráfico de órgãos e seres humanos, máfias internacionais de contrabando e pirataria; aumento das violações de direitos humanos, comprometendo a ordem social e política e, no campo, a explosão de conflitos motivados pela estrutura agrária concentradora e historicamente violenta. Como a religião, enquanto instrumento de coesão social, pode contribuir para a reversão dessa perversa onda de criminalidade e violência? É o que pretendemos apresentar.Palavras-chave: Religião; Violência urbana; Criminalidade; Coesão social; Doutrina Social da Igreja; Cultura da paz.ABSTRACTOne of the main current social problems is the appalling growth of various kinds of violent crime in many Brazilian cities. The current portrait of violence in Brazil can be thus designed: the growth of urban delinquency, with a remarkable increase in the number of murders connected to drug traffic in big cities; the consolidation of organised crime, through nets of international traffic, organs and human beings’ traffic, international smuggling and piracy mafias; an increase in the violation of human rights, jeopardising social and political order; and, in the rural area, the explosion of conflicts motivated by an agrarian structure of concentration and historical violence. How can religion, as an instrument of social cohesion, contribute to revert that hideous wave of criminality and violence? This is our scope.Key words: Religion; Urban violence; Criminality; Social cohesion; Social doctrine of the Church; Culture of peace.

Predictions on the modes of decay of even Z superheavy isotopes within the range 104 ≤ Z ≤ 136

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Santhosh, K. P.; Nithya, C.

2018-01-01

The decay modes and half lives of all the even Z isotopes of superheavy elements within the range 104 ≤ Z ≤ 136 have been predicted by comparing the alpha decay half-lives with the spontaneous fission half-lives. The Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) and the shell-effect-dependent formula of Santhosh et al. are used to calculate the alpha half-lives and spontaneous fission half-lives respectively. For theoretical comparison the alpha decay half-lives are also calculated using Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM), the Viola-Seaborg-Sobiczewski semi-empirical (VSS) relation, the universal (UNIV) curve of Poenaru et al., the analytical formula of Royer and the universal decay law (UDL) of Qi et al. Another tool used for the evaluation of spontaneous fission half-lives is the semi-empirical formula of Xu et al. The nuclei with alpha decay half-lives less than spontaneous fission half-lives will survive fission and hence decay through alpha emission. The predicted half lives and decay modes are compared with the available experimental results. The one-proton and two-proton separation energies of all the isotopes are calculated to find nuclei which lie beyond the proton drip line. Among 1119 even Z nuclei within the range 104 ≤ Z ≤ 136, 164 nuclei show sequential alpha emission followed by subsequent spontaneous fission. Since the isotopes decay through alpha decay chain and the half-lives are in measurable range, these isotopes are predicted to be synthesized and detected in laboratory via alpha decay. 2 nuclei will decay by alpha decay followed by proton emission, 54 nuclei show full alpha chains, 642 nuclei will decay through spontaneous fission, 166 nuclei exhibit proton decay and 91 isotopes are found to be stable against alpha decay. All the isotopes are tabulated according to their decay modes. The study is intended to enhance further experimental investigations in superheavy region.

The Stringed Drum and the 16th Century Music: New Iconographical Sources

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Ballester i Gibert, Jordi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The present paper deals with a stringed drum depicted in an anonymous Catalan panel from the mid 16th century. The panel, coming from the church of Barruera (Boí valley, disappeared during the Spanish Civil War and we only have a black and white photography kept in the Institut Amatller d’Art Hispànic in Barcelona. Nevertheless, the study of this depiction shows several aspects related to the instrument and its musical use. Some of these aspects allow us to deal with different hypothesis connecting the stringed drum with the performance practice: on the one hand the instrument appears in a courtly renaissance atmosphere, being played at a banquet; on the other hand the instrument appears not only accompanying the one-hand flute (as it can be seen in other depictions but also making up a consort together with a fiddle.

El presente artículo se centra en la representación, hasta ahora desconocida, de un tambor de cuerdas pintado en una tabla anónima catalana de mediados del siglo XVI, procedente de la pequeña iglesia de Barruera (Vall de Boí. Dicha tabla desapareció durante la guerra civil española y solo la conocemos a través de una fotografía en blanco y negro que se conserva en el Instituto Amatller de Arte Hispánico (Barcelona. No obstante, el estudio de la representación clarifica algunos aspectos relativos al uso del instrumento que hasta ahora no se habían podido demostrar: por un lado nos sitúa el tambor de cuerdas en el contexto de un banquete cortesano de ambiente renacentista; por otro lado relaciona el instrumento no solo con su acompañante habitual – la flauta de una sola mano – sino también con la viola de arco.

Evaluation of yield quality and weed infestation of common valerian (Valeriana officinalis L. in dependence on weed control method and forecrop.

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Cezary Kwiatkowski

2012-12-01

as Viola arvensis, Galium aparine, Capsella bursa-pastoris.

Famílias e patriarcado: da prescrição normativa à subversão criativa Families and patriarchy: from normative prescription to creative subversion

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Martha Giudice Narvaz

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho problematiza o patriarcado enquanto discurso normativo de papéis familiares, uma vez que valores patriarcais atravessaram os tempos e deixam suas marcas na constituição das famílias ainda na atualidade. A articulação do patriarcado ao capitalismo é também discutida como uma das possíveis explicações para o sistema social de opressão das mulheres. A despeito das conquistas sociais e dos dispositivos legais que postulam a igualdade de direitos entre homens e mulheres, as discriminações ditadas pelo patriarcado são uma forma de violência de gênero e de violação dos direitos humanos das mulheres. Entretanto, apesar da prescrição normativa patriarcal, as famílias inventam outros papéis familiares na cotidianidade de suas experiências, o que explode a hegemonia do discurso patriarcal normativo ainda existente. Isto destaca, ainda, a criativa e subversiva capacidade de resistência humana a prescrições impostas, em especial a resistência das mulheres à opressão patriarcal que lhes tem sido imposta há séculos.This paper discusses patriarchy as a normative discourse on family roles, as patriarchal values have crossed centuries and still mark today's family constitution. Patriarchy linked to capitalism is also discussed as one possible explanation for women's oppression in the social system. In spite of social and legal achievements about equality rights between men and women, discrimination established by patriarchy is a kind of gender violence and women's human rights violation. However, despite patriarchy's normative prescription, families invent other family roles in their daily experiences, which explodes the remaining hegemonic patriarchal normative discourse. It also shows the creative and subversive human resistance power against imposed prescriptions, specially female resistance power against patriarchal oppression that has been imposed upon women for centuries.

Ecological profiles of wetland plant species in the northern Apennines (N. Italy

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Marcello TOMASELLI

2003-02-01

less acidic habitats than in the Alps, probably due to the absence of ombrotrophic mires, and Viola palustris occurs mostly in neutro- basiphytic habitats. Some hypotheses to explain the ecological behaviour of this last species were proposed.

A segurança alimentar e nutricional e o uso da abordagem de direitos humanos no desenho das políticas públicas para combater a fome e a pobreza Food and nutritional security and the use of a human rights-based approach on the development of public policies to fight hunger and poverty

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Maria de Fátima Machado de Albuquerque

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Este ensaio tem como objetivo enfatizar a importância da utilização da abordagem de direitos humanos no desenho das políticas públicas para combater a fome e a pobreza no Brasil. Inicialmente foi apresentado um marco teórico sobre o conceito de segurança alimentar e nutricional e o direito humano à alimentação adequada. Também foram identificadas as obrigações do Estado para a realização do direito humano à alimentação adequada, bem como o que se identifica como potenciais violações deste direito. Depois se buscou discutir o significado de uma abordagem baseada nos direitos e como esta abordagem pode contribuir para a promoção do direito à alimentação adequada. Foi realizada uma breve reflexão sobre a questão da (insegurança alimentar, suas diversas formas de avaliação e sobre a importância de investigar mais detalhadamente as repercussões desta questão sobre o indivíduo e a família, inclusive daquelas que participam de programas sociais.This essay aims to discuss the meaning of a human rights-based approach in the context of the public policies used in the fight against hunger and poverty in Brazil. Some aspects were presented such as the accepted concepts of food and nutritional security and the human right to appropriate nutrition. The obligations of the State to fulfill the human right to appropriate nutrition were also identified as well as that which is seen as potential violations of this right. Then, the meaning of a rights-based approach and how this approach can contribute to promote the right to appropriate nutrition were discussed. A concise reflection was done on the food (insecurity issue, its many ways of assessment and the importance of investigating in a more detailed manner the repercussions of this issue on individuals and families, including those who are benefited by social programs.

Medicinal Plants Density Along an Altitudinal Gradient in and Around Ayubia National Park

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tariq, A.; Adnan, M.; Begum, S.

2016-01-01

Medicinal plants are an essential source of livelihood for many rural populations and are currently facing several threats of extinction in temperate Himalaya, such as excessive grazing and collection along altitudinal gradients. The present study was designed to investigate the species density of medicinal plants at different mid-altitude levels (2200, 2300, 2400, and 2500 m above the sea level (a.s.l.) between two forest-use types and to examine the possible association between medicinal plant densities and forest-stand structural variables along the altitudinal gradient. Factorial design analysis of variance showed that the densities of all medicinal plants differed significantly between the forest-use types (p<0.00) and elevation (p<0.00). Moreover, a significant interaction (p<0.04) was also observed between the forest-use types and elevation. In the old-growth forest, density of medicinal plants was 290/40 m/sup 2/ at the higher altitude (2500 m a.s.l.), approximately 1.5-fold less than the 475/40 m/sup 2/ density observed at lower altitude (2200 m a.s.l.). However, in derived woodland, density of medicinal plants at higher altitude was approximately 4-fold less than that at the lower altitude. At these altitudinal levels, medicinal plants densities, such as Valeriana jatamansi, were significantly higher under old-growth forest compared to derived woodland, where they were almost nonexistent. A rapid vulnerability assessment has also shown that Valeriana jatamansi and Viola canescens were highly vulnerable species. Litter cover was the influential variable that was most likely related to medicinal plant density. In conclusion, abundance of medicinal plants decreased along mid-altitude levels in both of the forest-use types. However, this decrease was extremely marked in the derived woodland, and this decline may be due to human activity. Hence, these factors must be considered in future studies to suggest protective measures that can be applied along

O emprego de hastes intramedulares bloqueadas no tratamento das fraturas diafisárias do úmero Use of blocked intramedullary shaft for the treatment of humeral diaphyseal fractures

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Fernando Baldy dos Reis

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Estudamos os resultados clínicos e radiográficos de 31 pacientes portadores de fraturas diafisárias do úmero que foram operados com hastes intramedulares. Destes quatro apresentaram fraturas no local da inserção da haste e foram tratados com outro método. Dos 27 pacientes restantes o índice de consolidação foi de 96,1 % e que durou em média de 63,4 dias. Cinco queixaram-se de dor no ombro e em apenas um apresentou limitação da abdução. Paralisia temporária do nervo radial foi constatada em dois pacientes e pseudartrose em um que após 5 meses da cirurgia foi submetido a nova intervenção cirúrgica com o emprego de placa e enxerto ósseo autólogo. Concluímos que embora o emprego de hastes intramedulares bloqueadas apresentou alto índice de a via de acesso retrógrada pode levar a fraturas no seu ponto de entrada e via anterógrada com violação do manguito rotador pode gerar dores no ombro.Clinical and radiographic outcomes of 31 patients with humeral diaphyseal fractures submitted to surgery with intramedullary shafts were studied. From these, four patients presented fractures at the shaft insertion site and were treated using a different method. From the 27 patients left, the healing rate was 96.1%, with an average duration of 63.4 days. Five of them complained of pain in the shoulder and only one presented abduction limitation. Temporary palsy of the radial nerve was found in two patients and pseudoarthrosis in one of them, who was submitted to a new surgical intervention with plate and autologous bone graft, after 5 months. It was concluded that, although blocked intramedullary shafts presents a high incidence of the retrograde access port leading to fractures in its insertion site and the anterograde port causing pain in the shoulder.

Efeito da chuva na eficiência de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência sobre corda-de-viola Effect of rainfall on the efficiency of herbicides applied in post-emergence on Ipomoea grandifolia

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G.S.F Souza

2013-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da chuva na eficiência de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência em plantas de Ipomoea grandifolia. As plantas de I. grandifolia foram cultivadas em vasos plásticos com capacidade de 2,5 L, em casa de vegetação, com uma planta por vaso. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, com os tratamentos dispostos em um esquema fatorial 7x8 (sete tratamentos químicos e oito períodos para ocorrência de chuva após a aplicação dos tratamentos. Os tratamentos químicos constaram da aplicação de glyphosate em cinco formulações comerciais (Roundup Original, Roundup WG, Roundup Transorb, Roundup Transorb R e Roundup Ultra a 1.080 g e.a. ha-1, amônio-glufosinate (Finale a 400 g i.a. ha-1 e 2,4-D (DMA 806 a 1.000 g e.a. ha-1 e de oito intervalos de tempo para simulação de uma chuva de 15 mm, com duração de cinco minutos: 15', 30', 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h após a aplicação dos tratamentos e uma testemunha sem chuva, Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de controle das plantas aos 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias após a aplicação e, por ocasião da última avaliação, determinou-se a massa seca das plantas. A ocorrência de chuvas após a aplicação de 2,4-D não alterou a sua eficiência no controle das plantas de I. grandifolia; já os herbicidas amônio-glufosinate e glyphosate, em todas suas formulações testadas, apresentaram redução na eficiência de controle quando da ocorrência de chuvas em até oito horas após a aplicação dos tratamentos.The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of rainfall on the efficiency of herbicides applied in post-emergence on Ipomoea grandifolia plants. I. grandifolia plants were sown in plastic pots with a capacity of 2.5L under greenhouse conditions, with only one plant per pot. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with four replications, with the treatments arranged in a 7 x 8 factorial (seven chemical treatments and eight rainfall periods after treatment application. Chemical treatments consisted of application of glyphosate in five commercial formulations (Roundup Original, Roundup WG, Roundup Transorb, Roundup Transorb R, and Roundup Ultra to 1,080ga.e. ha-1, glufosinate-ammonium (Finale to 400ga.i. ha-1 and 2,4-D (DMA 806 and 1,000ga.e. ha-1, and eight time intervals to simulate 15mm rain, lasting five minutes (15', 30', 1h, 2h , 4h, 6h, and 8h after application of the treatments and a control without rain. Visual evaluations of plant control were carried out at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days after application and at the end of the evaluation period to determine the dry mass of the plants. The occurrence of rain after application of 2,4-D did not affect their efficiency in controlling I. grandifolia plants, whereas the herbicides glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate, in all the formulations tested, showed reduced efficiency in control upon the occurrence of rainfall up to 8 hours after the treatments.

Embedded Face Detection and Recognition

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Göksel Günlü

2012-10-01

Full Text Available The need to increase security in open or public spaces has in turn given rise to the requirement to monitor these spaces and analyse those images on-site and on-time. At this point, the use of smart cameras – of which the popularity has been increasing – is one step ahead. With sensors and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs, smart cameras generate ad hoc results by analysing the numeric images transmitted from the sensor by means of a variety of image-processing algorithms. Since the images are not transmitted to a distance processing unit but rather are processed inside the camera, it does not necessitate high-bandwidth networks or high processor powered systems; it can instantaneously decide on the required access. Nonetheless, on account of restricted memory, processing power and overall power, image processing algorithms need to be developed and optimized for embedded processors. Among these algorithms, one of the most important is for face detection and recognition. A number of face detection and recognition methods have been proposed recently and many of these methods have been tested on general-purpose processors. In smart cameras – which are real-life applications of such methods – the widest use is on DSPs. In the present study, the Viola-Jones face detection method – which was reported to run faster on PCs – was optimized for DSPs; the face recognition method was combined with the developed sub-region and mask-based DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform. As the employed DSP is a fixed-point processor, the processes were performed with integers insofar as it was possible. To enable face recognition, the image was divided into sub-regions and from each sub-region the robust coefficients against disruptive elements – like face expression, illumination, etc. – were selected as the features. The discrimination of the selected features was enhanced via LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis and then employed for recognition. Thanks to its

AIDS e pauperização: principais conceitos e evidências empíricas AIDS and pauperization: principal concepts and empirical evidence

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Francisco Inácio Bastos

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute as estratégias metodológicas que vêm sendo usadas na análise das inter-relações entre a vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS e as desigualdades sociais, o preconceito e a marginalização, ressaltando-se as dificuldades metodológicas e as estratégias alternativas de investigação encontradas. Os principais achados da literatura internacional e brasileira foram revistos, enfatizando-se os temas: dimensões econômicas e macropolíticas da difusão do HIV/ AIDS; papel do consumo e da política de drogas; desigualdade e preconceito de gênero; desigualdade e preconceito racial/origem étnica; interação com as demais infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e sua relação com a pobreza; padrões de assistência à saúde e HIV/AIDS, em especial, acesso a anti-retrovirais; e violação dos direitos humanos. Apesar da restrita produção acadêmica brasileira e dos dilemas metodológicos envolvidos no exame das inter-relações entre variáveis psicossociais, culturais, sócio-políticas e vulnerabilidade ao HIV/AIDS, tais temas devem ser investigados em detalhe - considerando especificidades sociais e culturais do Brasil - e beneficiados pelas novas estratégias de pesquisa.This paper discusses methodologies for analyzing relations between social inequalities, marginalization, prejudice, and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS, highlighting current difficulties and alternative research strategies. It also reviews the international and Brazilian literature, emphasizing: economic and macropolitical dimensions in the spread of HIV/AIDS; the role of drug policies and consumption; gender inequalities and prejudice; racial/ethnic inequalities and prejudice; and interaction with other STIs and their relationship to poverty; HIV/AIDS and health care standards, especially access to antiretroviral therapy; and human rights violations. Despite current methodological dilemmas in analyzing relations between psychosocial, cultural, and sociopolitical

Mineral preservatives in the wood of Stradivari and Guarneri.

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Joseph Nagyvary

Full Text Available Following the futile efforts of generations to reach the high standard of excellence achieved by the luthiers in Cremona, Italy, by variations of design and plate tuning, current interest is being focused on differences in material properties. The long-standing question whether the wood of Stradivari and Guarneri were treated with wood preservative materials could be answered only by the examination of wood specimens from the precious antique instruments. In a recent communication (Nature, 2006, we reported about the degradation of the wood polymers in instruments of Stradivari and Guarneri, which could be explained only by chemical manipulations, possibly by preservatives. The aim of the current work was to identify the minerals from the small samples of the maple wood which were available to us from the antique instruments. The ashes of wood from one violin and one cello by Stradivari, two violins by Guarneri, one viola by H. Jay, one violin by Gand-Bernardel were analyzed and compared with a variety of commercial tone woods. The methods of analysis were the following: back-scattered electron imaging, X-ray fluorescence maps for individual elements, wave-length dispersive spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and quantitative microprobe analysis. All four Cremonese instruments showed the unmistakable signs of chemical treatments in the form of chemicals which are not present in natural woods, such as BaSO4, CaF2, borate, and ZrSiO4. In addition to these, there were also changes in the common wood minerals. Statistical evaluation of 12 minerals by discriminant analysis revealed: a. a difference among all four Cremona instruments, b. the difference of the Cremonese instruments from the French and English antiques, and c. only the Cremonese instruments differed from all commercial woods. These findings may provide the answer why all attempts to recreate the Stradivarius from natural wood have failed. There are many obvious

Salt Marsh Formation in the Lower Hudson River Estuary

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Merley, Michael; Peteet, Dorothy; Hansen, James E. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

Salt marshes are constant depositional environments and as a result contain accurate indicators of past relative sea level rise and salinity. The Hudson River marshes are at least twice as deep when compared to coastal marshes on either side of the mouth of the Hudson. The reason for this difference in sedimentation is unclear. This study uses macrofossil data as well as sediment stratigraphy in order to understand the formation and evolution of these marshes. The composition of seeds, roots, shoots and foraminifera, are used to indicate past sea levels. The four sites involved in this study are, from south to north, the Arthur Kill Marsh in Staten Island (40 36 N, 74 77W), Piermont marsh (N 4100; 73 55W) Croton Point (41 14 N; 73 50W) and Iona Island (41 18N, 73 58W). These are all tidally influenced but with increasing distances from the New York Bight, which gives a good spectrum of tidal influence. AMS-C14 dates on basal macrofossils will document the time of each marsh formation. Basal material from Arthur Kill (8 m) includes freshwater seeds such as Viola, Potomageton and Alnus along with Salix buds. Basal material from Croton Point (10 m) includes fibrous woody material, foraminifera and Zanichellia seeds and other brackish vegetational components. The basal material from Piermont (13.77 m) is lacking any identifiable macrofossils between 150 and 500 microns. The basal material from Iona Island (10 m) has vegetation such as Scirpus and Cyperus seeds, probably implying a brackish environment. The freshwater origin of the Arthur Kill marsh in Staten Island is significant because it predates either sea level rise or the western channel incision. Additional implications for this study include evidence for changes in river channel geomorphology. Reasons for the relatively deeper river marshes include possible basal clay compaction, high production due to river and marine nutrients as well as tectonic activity. This study provides the groundwork for more high

Real Time Facial Expression Recognition Using Webcam and SDK Affectiva

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Martin Magdin

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Facial expression is an essential part of communication. For this reason, the issue of human emotions evaluation using a computer is a very interesting topic, which has gained more and more attention in recent years. It is mainly related to the possibility of applying facial expression recognition in many fields such as HCI, video games, virtual reality, and analysing customer satisfaction etc. Emotions determination (recognition process is often performed in 3 basic phases: face detection, facial features extraction, and last stage - expression classification. Most often you can meet the so-called Ekman’s classification of 6 emotional expressions (or 7 - neutral expression as well as other types of classification - the Russell circular model, which contains up to 24 or the Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions. The methods used in the three phases of the recognition process have not only improved over the last 60 years, but new methods and algorithms have also emerged that can determine the ViolaJones detector with greater accuracy and lower computational demands. Therefore, there are currently various solutions in the form of the Software Development Kit (SDK. In this publication, we point to the proposition and creation of our system for real-time emotion classification. Our intention was to create a system that would use all three phases of the recognition process, work fast and stable in real time. That’s why we’ve decided to take advantage of existing Affectiva SDKs. By using the classic webcamera we can detect facial landmarks on the image automatically using the Software Development Kit (SDK from Affectiva. Geometric feature based approach is used for feature extraction. The distance between landmarks is used as a feature, and for selecting an optimal set of features, the brute force method is used. The proposed system uses neural network algorithm for classification. The proposed system recognizes 6 (respectively 7 facial expressions

A Apa da Baleia Franca e o Turismo de Observação de Baleias Embarcado (Tobe: Sustentabilidade ou Exploração Animal?

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Fernanda Luiza Fontoura de Medeiros

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação, regulado pela Lei 9985/2000, estabelece duas grandes categorias de Unidades de Conservação: as unidades de conservação de proteção integral e as unidades de conservação de uso sustentável. Entre as unidades de conservação de uso sustentável, as áreas de proteção ambiental caracterizam-se por serem áreas extensas, instituídas para a preservação dos processos naturais e da biodiversidade, bem como para regular as atividades humanas às características ambientais da área. Assim, no sul do estado de Santa Catarina foi instituída a Área de Proteção Ambiental da Baleia Franca (APABF, com o objetivo principal de proteger nas aguas brasileiras a baleia franca austral. Recentemente, a APABF esta sendo palco de um intenso conflito socioambiental em razão da Ação Civil Pública (ACP interposta pelo Instituto Sea Shepherd Brasil em face do Instituto Chico Mendes da Biodiversidade (ICMBIO, pedindo a condenação do ICMBIO a adotar de forma permanente, as medidas necessárias e eficazes para a proteção das baleias-francas, mediante a fiscalização das empresas que praticam a observação das baleias com uso de embarcações, com ou sem motor, a fim de impedir a violação da legislação. Este artigo consiste em um estudo de caso e visa contribuir para o conhecimento do caso do turismo de observação de baleias embarcado na APABF, através da analise da legislação aplicada, como dos atores envolvidos na controvérsia judicial e o seu reflexo para os direitos animais. A pesquisa é feita através da analise documental da legislação que caracteriza as unidades de conservação, da legislação especifica de proteção aos cetáceos, bem como dos argumentos utilizados pelas partes envolvidas na ACP.

From global discourse to local action: the makings of a sexual rights movement?

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Jonathan Garcia

2006-12-01

ão desde a proteção da violação sexual até a celebração do prazer sexual, na realidade, as agendas dos movimentos pelos direitos sexuais estão ainda muito fragmentadas, heteronormativas e enfocadas em direitos negativos.

Illite authigenesis during faulting and fluid flow - a microstructural study of fault rocks

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Scheiber, Thomas; Viola, Giulio; van der Lelij, Roelant; Margreth, Annina

2017-04-01

means of microsawing and drilling devices. K-Ar and XRD data from these separates are compared with bulk K-Ar and XRD data from the adjacent fault gouges, which may help to further unravel complex histories archived in multiply activated brittle fault zones. Scheiber, T., Viola, G., Wilkinson, C.M., Ganerød, M., Skår, Ø., and D. Gasser (2016): Direct 40Ar/39Ar dating of Late-Ordovician and Silurian brittle faulting in the southwestern Norwegian Caledonides. Terra Nova 28, 374-382.

Ensayo sobre las mujeres y la autonomía de la voluntad: el sida y la Ley 25.543 desde una mirada bioética

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Garaventa, Carlos A.

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo de investigación toma como punto de partida la idea de que el principal síntoma de la enfermedad del sida, a partir de su descubrimiento hace treinta años, pareciera ser la discriminación que al principio fue sufrida por los hombres homosexuales hasta que se descubrió el virus del HIV en una mujer. Empero, a partir de ese momento, y en un período de tiempo relativamente corto, el número de mujeres infectadas se incrementó a mucha mayor velocidad que el de los hombres. En este sentido, este artículo se propone demostrar cómo la situación de sometimiento de las mujeres y la discriminación que éstas sufren en varios aspectos de su vida explican este fenómeno mundial. Asimismo, se desarrolla el concepto de autonomía de la voluntad en el marco de la filosofía moderna, partiendo de su concepción como derecho negativo y desarrollando su evolución posterior hacia la idea de un derecho positivo, marcada por el advenimiento de las ideas del Estado de bienestar keynesiano, en el Siglo XX. El punto de partida es la idea de que las mujeres son personas vulnerables, cuyo derecho de libertad (autonomía de la voluntad se ve afectado. Esto se vincula con el cambio de paradigma, mediante el cual opera una transformación de derecho negativo a derecho positivo. Este paper nos brinda, entonces, una explicación acerca de cuáles son los motivos por los que la autonomía de la voluntad de las mujeres debe ser objeto de una protección jurídica especial. Sin embargo, esta protección no debe llegar al punto de transgredir los límites de la libertad que son, además, los que permiten asegurar su goce a todas las personas. En este orden de ideas, se realiza una crítica a la Ley 25.543 y se señala que viola el principio de enantiotelidad, porque ampara una conducta lesiva hacia un tercero.

Ética e epidemiologia Ethics and epidemiology

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Rita Barradas Barata

2005-12-01

Full Text Available As ações humanas acontecem na confluência de circunstâncias em meio às quais é preciso discernir o modo correto de agir. A ética situa-se no campo do saber prático, do conhecimento acerca do que é contingente. A ética é do domínio dos juízos morais ou juízos de valor. O desencantamento do mundo contemporâneo tem sua contrapartida no esforço para recompor o interesse pela ética. As relações entre saúde pública e direitos humanos são principalmente de três ordens: a busca do equilíbrio entre o bem coletivo e os direitos individuais; os métodos e técnicas para identificar as violações aos direitos humanos e avaliar seu impacto negativo; e, a vinculação entre proteção dos direitos humanos e promoção da saúde. As relações entre ética e epidemiologia vão além dos aspectos éticos relacionados à pesquisa em seres humanos. Desdobram-se em compromissos políticos, práticas nos serviços de saúde e produção de conhecimentos.Human actions take place at the confluence of circumstances that require us to discern the proper way to act. Ethics falls within the terrain of practical knowledge, of knowledge about what is contingent. It belongs to the domain of moral judgments or value judgments. The counterpart of disenchantment with our contemporary world lies in an effort to re-establish an interest in ethics. There are basically three orders of relations between public health and human rights: the quest for balance between the collective good and individual rights; methods and techniques for identifying human rights violations and assessing their negative impact; and the tie between protecting individual rights and promoting health. The relationship between ethics and epidemiology goes beyond the ethical aspects involving research on human beings to encompass political commitments, practices within health services, and the production of knowledge.

Ranibizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a 5-year follow-up

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Cvetkova NP

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Nadezhda P Cvetkova, Kristina Hölldobler, Philipp Prahs, Viola Radeck, Horst Helbig, David Märker Department of Ophthalmology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate an optical coherence tomography (OCT and visual acuity (VA-guided, variable-dosing regimen with intravitreal ranibizumab injection for treating patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD from 2007 to 2012. Design: This was a retrospective clinical study of 5 years follow-up in a tertiary eye center. Patients and methods: In this study, 66 patients with neovascular AMD (mean age of 74 years, SD 8.7 years were included. We investigated the development of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, the number of intravitreal injections, and the central retinal thickness measured with OCT (OCT Spectralis over 5 years of intravitreal treatment. Results: The mean number of intravitreal ranibizumab injections over 5 years was 8.8. The mean BCVA before therapy was 0.4 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR. After 5 years of therapy, the mean BCVA was 0.6 logMAR. In all, 16% of treated patients had stable VA over 5 years and 10% of study eyes approved their VA. The mean OCT-measured central retinal thickness at the beginning of this study was 295 µm; after 5 years of treatment, the mean central retinal thickness was 315 µm. There was an increase in central retinal thickness in 47.5% of examined eyes. Conclusion: Other studies showed VA improvement in OCT-guided variable-dosing regimens. Our study revealed a moderate decrease in VA after a total mean injection number as low as 8.8 injections over 5 years. In OCT, an increase in central retinal thickness over 5 years could be observed. Probably, this is due to deficient treatment when comparing the total injection number to other treatment regimens. Anti-VEGF therapy helps to keep the VA stable for a period of time, but cannot totally stop the progression of

Automatic moment segmentation and peak detection analysis of heart sound pattern via short-time modified Hilbert transform.

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Sun, Shuping; Jiang, Zhongwei; Wang, Haibin; Fang, Yu

2014-05-01

This paper proposes a novel automatic method for the moment segmentation and peak detection analysis of heart sound (HS) pattern, with special attention to the characteristics of the envelopes of HS and considering the properties of the Hilbert transform (HT). The moment segmentation and peak location are accomplished in two steps. First, by applying the Viola integral waveform method in the time domain, the envelope (E(T)) of the HS signal is obtained with an emphasis on the first heart sound (S1) and the second heart sound (S2). Then, based on the characteristics of the E(T) and the properties of the HT of the convex and concave functions, a novel method, the short-time modified Hilbert transform (STMHT), is proposed to automatically locate the moment segmentation and peak points for the HS by the zero crossing points of the STMHT. A fast algorithm for calculating the STMHT of E(T) can be expressed by multiplying the E(T) by an equivalent window (W(E)). According to the range of heart beats and based on the numerical experiments and the important parameters of the STMHT, a moving window width of N=1s is validated for locating the moment segmentation and peak points for HS. The proposed moment segmentation and peak location procedure method is validated by sounds from Michigan HS database and sounds from clinical heart diseases, such as a ventricular septal defect (VSD), an aortic septal defect (ASD), Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), and so on. As a result, for the sounds where S2 can be separated from S1, the average accuracies achieved for the peak of S1 (AP₁), the peak of S2 (AP₂), the moment segmentation points from S1 to S2 (AT₁₂) and the cardiac cycle (ACC) are 98.53%, 98.31% and 98.36% and 97.37%, respectively. For the sounds where S1 cannot be separated from S2, the average accuracies achieved for the peak of S1 and S2 (AP₁₂) and the cardiac cycle ACC are 100% and 96.69%. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All

Traditional uses of medicinal plants reported by the indigenous communities and local herbal practitioners of Bajaur Agency, Federally Administrated Tribal Areas, Pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Aziz, Muhammad Abdul; Khan, Amir Hasan; Adnan, Muhammad; Izatullah, Izatullah

2017-02-23

In the study area, knowledge related to the traditional uses of medicinal plants is totally in the custody of elder community members and local herbalists. The younger generation is unaware of the traditional knowledge, however with only few exceptions. Therefore, this study was planned with objective to document the medicinal importance of plants, conserve this precious indigenous knowledge, and share it among other communities through published literature. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews from the community members and local herbalists. The reported plants were collected post interviews and later on pressed on herbarium vouchers for reference. Afterwards, the data was analyzed through Use value (UV) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). In total, 79 medicinal plant species were used for the treatment of different ailments in the study region. Out of the total plant species, 28 species were not reported from any other mountainous communities across the country. In this study, the ethno-medicinal value of Opuntia littoralis (Engelm.) Cockerell and Viola indica W.Becker was reported for the first time, which have moderate confidential level in terms of their medicinal uses in the study area. Important medicinal plants of the region with high UV are Berberis lycium Royle (0.94), V. indica (0.90), Isodon rugosus (Wall. ex Benth.) Codd (0.88), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (0.87), Peganum harmala L (0.86), Solanum virginianum L. (0.85), and Cassia fistula L. (0.79). Medicinal plants with higher RFC values are Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand. (0.86), Cannabis sativa L. (0.82), Mentha piperita L. (0.82), Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. (0.76), Allium sativum L. (0.73), Coriandrum sativum L. (0.73), and F. vulgare (0.72). Traditional knowledge on folk medicines is directly linked to the local culture, faith and perception. This knowledge is gaining high threat of extinction because of its limitation to a small portion of the society in the region

Testes psicológicos e o Direito: uma aproximação à luz da dignidade da pessoa humana e dos direitos da personalidade Psychological tests and Law: an approach in light of human dignity and personality rights

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Luciano Augusto de Toledo Coelho

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Testes psicológicos são freqüentemente usados na seleção de funcionários para empresas. Este artigo busca comparar tais instrumentos considerando os direitos fundamentais do trabalhador. Sempre que um candidato para um trabalho é sujeitado a um teste, seja isso para medir a aptidão dele ou dela ou para verificar determinados traços da personalidade, acima daquele instrumento está sujeitado o conhecimento de uma ciência que legitima o poder do empregador para testar o candidato. A crise de trabalho gerada pela globalização e a hegemonia do sistema capitalista neoliberal levam vantagem do sujeição crescente do trabalhador. Não há nenhuma lei no Brasil que protege um(a candidato(a do "vazamento" de informação sobre sua personalidade. E, em alguns casos, estes fatores que podem causar a pessoa não ser contratada, poderiam ser considerados discriminatórios. Tais técnicas e testes de seleção de pessoal abusivas que não são muito fidedignos, aumentam a possibilidade de revelação desnecessária e, por conseguinte, uma violação de privacidade, vida privada e o desrespeito do princípio constitucional da dignidade humana.Psychological tests are quite frequently used in selecting personnel for companies. This article seeks to compare such instruments with the worker's fundamental rights in mind. Whenever a candidate for a job is subjected to a test, be that to measure his or her aptitude or to verify certain personality traits, over that instrument is incurred the knowledge of a science that legitimizes the employer's power to test the candidate. The job crisis generated from globalization and the hegemony of the neo-liberal capitalistic system, takes advantage of the ever-growing subjection of the worker. There are no laws in Brazil that protect a candidate from the "leak" of information about his or her personality. And, in some cases, these factors, which can cause one to not be hired, could be considered discriminatory

Avaliação da padronização de agulhas anestésicas odontológicas comercializadas no Brasil Evaluation of the standardization of injection dental needles marketed in Brazil

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Marcos Antonio GIROTTO

2000-09-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliadas neste trabalho agulhas anestésicas odontológicas descartáveis, comercializadas no Brasil no segundo semestre de 1997, quanto às medidas: comprimento da cânula, da porção que perfura o tubete e da porção que permanece no interior do adaptador plástico e diâmetros externo e interno. A resistência à corrosão da cânula e as informações da embalagem (caixa e protetor também foram avaliadas. Os resultados foram comparados com as normas Internacional (ISO8, Americana (ANSI/ADA¹ e Francesa (NF. Foram observadas variações, não havendo uma só marca que estivesse de acordo com qualquer das normas, para todas as medidas. Todas as agulhas atingiram as especificações do teste de corrosão. Algumas embalagens mostraram conteúdo de informação incompleto e uma marca estava sendo vendida sem prazo de validade. Alguns protetores não permitiam identificar a violação do lacre, quando isto ocorria. Estes resultados demonstram a necessidade de se estabelecerem normas brasileiras, para regulamentar a produção e venda de agulhas odontológicas no país.The standardization of sterile, single-use dental injection needles marketed in Brazil in 1997 was evaluated. The effective needle length (L1, butt end length (L2, socket depth (L3, external (ED and internal (ID diameters, corrosion resistance of the cannula, and the information printed on the package (unitary protector and box were evaluated. The data were compared with the International Standard (ISO, American specification no. 54 (ANSI/ADA and French Standard (FS. There were great variations for L1, L2, L3 and ID, and no trade mark fitted in any of the standards for all the dimensions. The external diameter showed very little variation in all the trade marks according to the ANSI/ADA and FS. All of the needles withstood the corrosion test. Some trade marks had incomplete information in their package and one of them had no expiration date. Some of the unitary protectors

Prevalence of comorbidities according to predominant phenotype and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Camiciottoli G

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Gianna Camiciottoli,1,2 Francesca Bigazzi,1 Chiara Magni,1 Viola Bonti,1 Stefano Diciotti,3 Maurizio Bartolucci,4 Mario Mascalchi,5 Massimo Pistolesi1 1Section of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, 3Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi,” University of Bologna, Cesena, 4Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Careggi University Hospital, 5Radiodiagnostic Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy Background: In addition to lung involvement, several other diseases and syndromes coexist in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD. Our purpose was to investigate the prevalence of idiopathic arterial hypertension (IAH, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease (PVD, diabetes, osteoporosis, and anxious depressive syndrome in a clinical setting of COPD outpatients whose phenotypes (predominant airway disease and predominant emphysema and severity (mild and severe diseases were determined by clinical and functional parameters. Methods: A total of 412 outpatients with COPD were assigned either a predominant airway disease or a predominant emphysema phenotype of mild or severe degree according to predictive models based on pulmonary functions (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/vital capacity; total lung capacity %; functional residual capacity %; and diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide % and sputum characteristics. Comorbidities were assessed by objective medical records. Results: Eighty-four percent of patients suffered from at least one comorbidity and 75% from at least one cardiovascular comorbidity, with IAH and PVD being the most prevalent ones (62% and 28%, respectively. IAH prevailed significantly in predominant airway disease, osteoporosis prevailed

Probabilidade do erro do tipo I nas cartas X e S de Shewhart sob não normalidade Probability of type I error in X and S Shewhart Control Charts under non-normality

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André Luis Korzenowski

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é verificar o comportamento das cartas de média e desvio padrão de Shewhart em relação à probabilidade do erro do tipo I quando da violação da suposição de normalidade. Foi realizada a simulação de uma série de 500.000 amostras (subgrupos de tamanho n = 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 e 25. As amostras foram simuladas a partir das distribuições normal, t de Student, exponencial, qui-quadrado, gamma e Weibull. Verificou-se em dados não normais o aumento na probabilidade de erro do tipo I na carta de médias em todas as distribuições simuladas. O mínimo tamanho da amostra necessário está relacionado ao grau de assimetria da distribuição dos dados, sendo que, em alguns casos, nem mesmo n = 25 apresentou resultados satisfatórios. No gráfico S, o aumento da probabilidade de erro do tipo I é significativamente superior em quase todas as distribuições simuladas e seu comportamento é influenciado não só pelo tipo de distribuição, mas também pelo tamanho da amostra.The purpose of this article was to examine the performance of Shewhart average and standard deviation control charts in relation to the probability of type I error at the occurrence of normality assumption violation. A simulation of a series of 500,000 samples (subgroups of sizes n=3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 25 was performed. The samples were simulated from the following distributions: Normal, Binomial, Poisson, Exponential, Chi-square, Gamma and Weibull. It was possible to find that, in non-normal data, there was an increase in the probability of type I error on the average chart of all simulated distributions. The minimum sample size required is related to the degree of asymmetry of the data distribution and, in some cases, not even n=25 presented satisfactory results. In the S chart, the increased probability of type I error is significantly higher for almost all distributions simulated and its performance is influenced not only by the type of

Keepers of law and order x outlaws: Police brutality, torture and execution in Elite Squad “Bandido bom é bandido morto”: violência policial, tortura e execuções em Tropa de Elite

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Simone Maria Rocha

2010-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work is to investigate how Brazilian movies use representations of violence and symbolic oppression to evidence the police abuse of force in actions performed to fight crime in Brazilian slums. A recent Brazilian movie, Elite Squad (2007 shows that police methods of torture are used to obtain confessions, sometimes leading to cold blood executions without previous judgment. Police brutality against slum citizens implicitly induces the assumption – commonly tolerated in Brazil - that “a good criminal is a dead criminal”. The movie analysis depicted here focus on representations that clearly points out to violation of human rights and the mistreatment given by police to poor and marginalized citizens. We argue that those citizens are not perceived as worth human beings but as enemies to be eliminated. Therefore citizenship is not only a restricted matter of human rights but also one of misrecognition. Our analysis is based on a “diagnostic criticism of culture” (Kellner, 2001 which emphasizes: a the social horizon of the movie and b its discursive field (analysis of the message and visual resources. O propósito deste artigo é investigar como os filmes brasileiros usam representações da violência e da opressão simbólica para mostrar o abuso da força policial em ações de combate contra o crime nas favelas brasileiras. Analisaremos um filme recente, Tropa de Elite (2007, no qual métodos de tortura são usados para obtenção de confissões e execuções a sangue frio são feitas sem nenhum julgamento, corroborando a máxima segundo a qual “bandido bom é bandido morto”. A violação dos direitos humanos será discutida enfocando-se a questão de como os policiais lidam com os cidadãos pobres e marginalizados trazendo à tona o fato de que cidadania no Brasil é um tema que deve ser tratado como uma questão de direitos humanos, mas também, como de reconhecimento social. Metodologicamente, nossa análise est

Ice exposures and landscape evolution in the Martian mid-latitudes

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Dundas, C. M.; Bramson, A. M.; Ojha, L.; Wray, J. J.; Mellon, M. T.; Byrne, S.; McEwen, A. S.; Putzig, N. E.; Viola, D.; Sutton, S.

2017-12-01

important agent in the creation of kilometer-scale landforms in ice-rich regions. Scarps within these ice-rich deposits are attractive targets for future exploration and represent an accessible resource for future human missions. [1] Smith I. B. et al. (2016) Science 352, 1075-1078. [2] Viola D. et al. (2015) Icarus 248, 190-204.

Mulher na Mídia: uma análise crítica das abordagens sobre casos de violência contra mulher em jornais do Maranhão

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Geysa Fernandes Ribeiro

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho temos a preocupação de analisar criticamente as abordagens dos jornais maranhenses “O Estado” e “Jornal Pequeno” sobre os casos de violência contra as mulheres nos anos de 2013 a 2015, avaliando 307 reportagens. Além disso, pretendemos identificar como a imagem da mulher é construída pela mídia, verificar os discursos utilizados nos jornais ao relatar casos de violência contra a mulher, discutir a relevância dada a esses tipos de violência e destacar a frequência com que os jornais reservam espaços para comunicar as formas de denúncia em situações que envolvem violência à mulher. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método de abordagem dialético, que considera que os fatos não podem ser considerados fora do seu contexto social. Nesta pesquisa discutimos gênero como uma categoria que é construída socialmente e sua relação com o fenômeno da violência. Destacamos o espaço de poder ocupado pela mídia, mostrando como esta pode construir o discurso da violência e ser até certo ponto conivente com tipos de violação.  A partir das análises realizadas, é possível constatar que há nas notícias publicadas nos jornais impressos mais destaque às imagens do que à contextualização dos fatos. Dessa forma, podemos perceber que: os casos de violência contra as mulheres estão na sua grande maioria nas páginas policiais dos jornais; mesmo quando uma notícia não se refere exclusivamente a uma prática feminina é a figura da mulher que é colocada em evidência; os discursos utilizados para falar sobre a violência contra a mulher é meramente descritivo; só são temas de reportagens as violências físicas e sexuais; e não há nos casos de violência, informações sobre as leis e políticas públicas que podem assegurar as mulheres em situação de violência. De modo geral, os jornais têm sido um espaço muito mais comercial do que propriamente informativo.Palavras- chave: Mulher, Violência e Mídia

Obsolescência institucional e degradação ambiental e social Institutional obsolescence and environmental and social decay

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Ubiratan D'Ambrosio

1992-12-01

Full Text Available Embora as crises militares continuem a ser uma uma preocupação maior para toda a humanidade, é claro que problemas continuados, tais como a disparidade entre ricos e pobres, entre as nações e internamente às sociedades, e outras formas de violação de direitos humanos e de agressão ambiental, em níveis regional e global, ameaçam o futuro da civilização na Terra. A qualidade de vida nos países menos desenvolvidos permanece sem melhorias e, ao mesmo tempo, mergulha vertiginosamente nos países industrializados. Medidas urgentes se fazem necessárias e reclamam um esforço cooperativo entre países mais e menos desenvolvidos em projetos de longo alcance em educação, saúde, agricultura sustentável e suprimento de energia. Sem dúvida, o problema populacional é igualmente fonte de grande preocupação. Falamos não apenas de aspectos quantitativos, mas, principalmente, de aspectos qualitativos. Embora haja instrumentos científicos e tecnológicos para corrigir essas perversões da civilização moderna, um esforço concentrado de todas as nações do mundo em direção à paz, nas suas várias dimensões, é absolutamente necessário.Although military crises continue to be a major concern for all of mankind, it is clear that ongoing problems such as disparities between rich and poor, among nations and within societies, other forms of violation of human rights and regional and global environmental aggression jeopardize the future of civilization on Earth. Quality of life continues to defy improvement in the less developed countries and at the same time plunges dizzily in the industrialized countries. Such issues call for a cooperative effort, bringing developed and less developed nations together in long-range projects in education, health, sustainable agriculture and energy supply. Clearly, the population problem is of equal concern. We are talking not only of quantitative aspects, but mainly of qualitative ones. Although there are

Catalog of type specimens of recent mammals: Orders Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, and Cetacea in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution

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Fisher, Robert D.; Ludwig, Craig A.

2016-01-01

The type collection of Recent mammals in the Division of Mammals, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, contains 612 specimens bearing names of 604 species-group taxa of Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, and Cetacea as of May 2016. This catalog presents an annotated list of these holdings comprising 582 holotypes; 16 lectotypes, two of which are newly designated herein; 7 syntypes (15 specimens); and 1 neotype. Included are several specimens that should be in the collection but cannot be found or are now known to be in other collections and therefore are not in the database. Thirty-seven of the names are new since the last type catalog covering these orders, Arthur J. Poole and Viola S. Schantz’s 1942 “Catalog of the Type Specimens of Mammals in the United States National Museum, Including the Biological Surveys Collection” (Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 178). One of these, Lutra iowa Goldman, 1941, was transferred to the National Museum’s Paleobiology Department collection and is mentioned only briefly in this work. Orders and families are arranged systematically following D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder’s 2005 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, third edition, volume 1; within families, currently recognized genera are arranged alphabetically, and within each currently recognized genus, species and subspecies accounts are arranged alphabetically by original published name. Information in each account includes original name and abbreviated citation thereto, current name if other than original, citation for first use of current name combination for the taxon, type designation, U.S. National Museum catalog number(s), preparation, age and sex, date of collection and collector, original collector number, type locality, and remarks as appropriate. Digital photographs of each specimen will serve as a condition report and will be attached to each electronic specimen record. An addendum

A necessidade de proteção internacional no âmbito da migração The need of international protection in the area of migration

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Liliana Lyra Jubilut

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Tem-se discutido a respeito do surgimento do direito internacional da migração. Além da ausência de autonomia, é preciso ressaltar que as diferentes situações de migrações demandam diferentes proteções. Nesse sentido, o artigo aborda a diferença clássica entre migrações forçadas e voluntárias e explora o estado atual da proteção internacional existente para o caso dos migrantes trabalhadores, dos refugiados e das pessoas em condição análoga à de refugiado: os deslocados internos, os deslocados por questões ambientais e os deslocados em razão da violação de direitos econômicos, sociais e culturais e de desenvolvimento. A ausência ou insuficiência de previsão de proteção adequada no direito internacional para algumas das situações mencionadas faz que haja uma busca por refúgio em situações às quais isso não se aplica. A solução, nos dias atuais, Não está na criação de um novo ramo do direito, mas sim na aplicação das normas de direito internacional dos direitos humanos para oferecer a proteção nos casos não especificamente regulados em âmbito internacional.The emergence of an international law of migration has been discussed. Apart from the lack of autonomy, It is relevant to highlight that the different migration situations demand different kinds of protection. In this sense, this paper presents the classic difference between forced and voluntary migration, and explore the current state of the existing international protection for working migrants; refugees and other people in similar situations; internally displaced people; displaced people due to environmental reasons and displaced people due to violation of economic, social and cultural rights and lack of development. The inexistence or incipiency of adequate provisions of protection in international law for some of the aforementioned situations results in requests for refuge when this institute does not apply. The solution nowadays does not

Diversity of segetal weeds in pea (Pisum sativum L. depending on crops chosen for a crop rotation system

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Marta K. Kostrzewska

2014-04-01

Full Text Available This study, lasting from 1999 to 2006, was conducted at the Research Station in Tomaszkowo, which belongs to the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The experiment was set up on brown rusty soil classified as good rye complex 5 in the Polish soil valuation system. The analysis comprised weeds in fields sown with pea cultivated in two four-field crop rotation systems with a different first crop: A. potato – spring barley – pea – spring barley; B. mixture of spring barley with pea – spring barley – pea – spring barley. Every year, at the 2–3 true leaf stage of pea, the species composition and density of individual weed species were determined; in addition, before harvesting the main crop, the dry matter of weeds was weighed. The results were used to analyze the constancy of weed taxa, species diversity, and the evenness and dominance indices, to determine the relationships between all biological indicators analyzed and weather conditions, and to calculate the indices of similarity, in terms of species composition, density and biomass of weeds, between the crop rotations compared. The species richness, density and biomass of weeds in fields with field pea were not differentiated by the choice of the initial crop in a given rotation system. In the spring, the total number of identified taxa was 28 and it increased to 36 before the harvest of pea plants. Chenopodium album and Echinochloa crus-galli were the most numerous. Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli, Sonchus arvensis, Fallopia convolvulus and Viola arvensis were constant in all treatments, regardless of what the first crop in rotation was or when the observations were made. The species diversity and the evenness and species dominance indices varied significantly between years and dates of observations. Species diversity calculated on the basis of the density of weed species was higher in the rotation with a mixture of cereals and legumes, while that calculated on

O Conselho Tutelar e suas Relações com o Poder Executivo Municipal em Ponta Grossa/Pr (The Child Protection Agency and Its relations with the Executive Branch Hall in Ponta Grossa/Pr

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Claudio Roberto Pinheiro

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O presente estudo propôs-se a analisar as relações públicas existentes entre Conselho Tutelar (CT e Poder Executivo Municipal sob dois vieses, sendo a contribuição daquele como órgão capaz de diagnosticar deficiências na rede e propor políticas públicas, e a manutenção do CT pelo Executivo Municipal. Do abordado no estudo vislumbra-se o CT como órgão que levanta demandas, realiza diagnóstico de violação de direitos, inclusive pelo poder público, registrando dados em sistema específico (SIPIA e, a partir destes, requisita serviços públicos na área da criança e do adolescente. Ademais do aparato bibliográfico, a pesquisa se embasa na observação participativa do trabalho do Conselho Tutelar. Constatouse que o CT é um agente verificador de falhas no sistema, um grande propositor de políticas públicas, todavia sem os recursos necessários, e que pode auxiliar o gestor público na resolução de problemáticas sob a égide de um agente externoà sua equipe.Palavras-chave: Poder Executivo Municipal. Conselho Tutelar. Gestão Pública.Abstract: The present study aimed to analyze the public relations between the Tutelary Council (CT and the Municipal Executive Branch under two biases, and its contribution as an organ capable of diagnosing deficiencies in the network and proposing public policies, and the maintenance of the TC by the Executive Municipal. From the study, the CT is seen as an organ that raises demands, performs a diagnosis of violation of rights, including by the public power, registering data in a specific system (SIPIA and, from these, requests public services in the area of the child and Adolescent In addition to the bibliographic apparatus, the research is based on the participatory observation of the work of the Guardianship Council. It was found that the CT is a system failure check agent, a great public policy proposer, however without the necessary resources, and that can help the public manager

Postawa trenera wobec filozofii karate i jego system wartości, a postawy i systemy wartości jego uczniów = The attitude of the coach to the philosophy of karate and his system of values and attitudes and value systems of its students

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Aleksandra Zienowicz

2015-09-01

(2 Uniwersytet Gdański   „O ile rozwój fizyczny jest początkiem karate, o tyle rozwój duchowy jest celem ostatecznym tej sztuki walki.” Sosai Masutatsu Oyama     Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Problematyka utrzymania równowagi między życiem osobistym a zawodowym, pęd społeczeństwa, nastawienie na „mieć” (por. Gałkowska-Jakubik, 2007 skłania do refleksji na temat roli systemów wartości w życiu człowieka (Matusewicz, 1975. Punktem wyjścia były założenia filozofii karate oraz komercjalizacja tej sztuki walki, która wyłania dwa style: sportowy, skupiony na wyniku, sukcesie oraz styl tradycyjny, który koncentruje się na utrzymywaniu równowagi psychofizycznej, rozwoju duchowym prowadzącym do doskonałości moralnej (Miłkowski, 1983, Budnik, 2005. Cel pracy: Celem przedstawionego badania jest eksploracja systemów wartości trenerów oraz ich uczniów, z uwzględnieniem opinii uczniów na temat swoich wychowawców, w oparciu o praktykowany styl. Materiał i metoda: Uczestnikami badania było 22 trenerów oraz 54 uczniów karate. Analiza wyników skali, stworzonej na potrzeby badania, postawa wobec filozofii (PwF, wyłoniła 11 trenerów, 35 uczniów „sportowych” oraz 11 trenerów, 19 uczniów „tradycjonalistów”. Badanie przeprowadzono wykorzystując skalę wartości schelerowskich (Brzozowski, 1995 Wyniki: Zgodnie z założeniami trenerzy i uczniowie “tradycjonaliści” uzyskali wyższe wyniki na skali wartości moralnych oraz podskali czynnikowej świętości religijnych Wnioski:  „Tradycjonaliści” kierują się ascetycznym wzorem edukacyjnym, który zakłada, że poprzez rozwój fizyczny oraz duchowy dąży się do doskonałości moralnej. Wartości wynikające z duchowości stanowią nierozłączny element dobrego życia.   Słowa kluczowe: karate, wartości, trener-uczeń.   Abstract Introduction: The issue of maintaining the balance between personal and professional lives, society  ofrush, the attitude to "be

PREFACE: The 3rd ISESCO International Workshop and Conference On Nanotechnology 2012 (IWCN2012)

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Umar, Akrajas Ali; Yahaya, Muhammad; Mat Salleh, Muhamad

2013-04-01

unwavering support dedicated by all the referees. Their tireless work has helped guarantee the high scientific level of this series. Many thanks are also addressed to the ISESCO, COMSATS, MASS, UKM and FST for their financial support. Logistics support provided by IMEN and MNA is also much appreciated. We realized that this volume would never have materialized without the hard work of Ms Siti Khatijah Md Saad who helped the editorial secretariat in many ways communicating with the authors and reviewers and checking and typesetting the papers in the final stage. Finally, great appreciation is addressed to all who have worked hard and given support ensuring that the conference was a success. Editors Associate Professor Dr Akrajas Ali Umar Professor Dr Muhamad Mat Salleh Professor Dato' Dr Muhammad Yahaya IWCN 2012 Organizing Committee International Advisory Board Professor Dato' Dr Muhammad Yahaya (UKM, Malaysia) Dr Faiq Bilal (ISESCO, Morocco) Professor Dr Michael Graetzel (Switzerland) Professor Dr Muhamad Rasat (Malaysia) Prof Dr Masbah R T Siregar (Indonesia) Associate Professor Dr Munetaka Oyama (Japan) Professor Dr Ismat Shah (USA) Professor Dr Muhamad Mat Salleh (Malaysia) Chairman Associate Professor Dr Mohammad Kassim Co-Chairman Dr Mohammad Hafizuddin Haji Jumali Secretary Dr Lorna Jeffry Minggu Treasurer Dr Sharina Abu Hanifah Committee Members Associate Professor Dr Mohd Azmi Abd Hamid Associate Professor Dr Akrajas Ali Umar Dr Zahari Ibarahim Dr Rozidawati Awang Dr Farah Hannan Anuar Secretariat Dr Khuzaimah Mohd Firdauz Ismail Izura Izzuddin Nor Huwaida Janil Jamil Siti Khatijah Md Saad Noor Razinah Rahmat Mark Lee Wun Fui Ng Kim Hang Lee Thian Khoon Law Kung Pui Choong Yan Yi

2014 Nuclear Fusion Prize Acceptance Speech 2014 Nuclear Fusion Prize Acceptance Speech

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Snyder, P. B.

2015-01-01

and numerical techniques which enable efficient quantitative study of peeling-ballooning modes. More broadly, I would like to thank the full DIII-D, C-Mod and JET teams, the LLNL and General Atomics Theory groups, and the York Plasma Institute. In addition, I would like to thank the US DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, EURATOM, and the UK EPSRC for supporting this research. On a more personal note, I would like to thank my mentors over the years, including Nat Fisch, Greg Hammett, Ron Waltz, Vincent Chan, and Tony Taylor, and numerous colleagues who provided insight related to this work, including Lang Lao, Alan Turnbull, Ming Chu, Bob Miller, Rip Perkins, John Greene, Keith Burrell, John Ferron, Mickey Wade, Wayne Solomon, George McKee, Zheng Yan, Andrea Garofalo, Raffi Nazikian, Jack Connor, Jim Hastie, Chris Hegna, Samuli Saarelma, Guido Huijsmans, Alberto Loarte, Yutaka Kamada, Naoyuki Oyama, Hajime Urano, Nobuyuki Aiba, Andrew Kirk, David Dickinson, Lorne Horton, Costanza Maggi, Wolfgang Suttrop, P.A. Schneider, Rajesh Maingi, Amanda Hubbard, Ahmed Diallo, John Walk, and Matthew Leyland. Recently, the model developed in this paper has been used to discover a new regime of operation, the Super H-Mode, and to shed light on mechanisms for suppressing Edge Localized Modes. I hope that the model will continue to be useful, both as a tool for predicting and optimizing pedestal and fusion performance, and as a platform on which the fusion community continues to build our understanding of the complex physics of the edge barrier region, which plays such an important role in overall confinement and stability.

Fidedignidade de rótulos de alimentos comercializados no município de São Paulo, SP Fidedignidad de rótulos de alimentos comercializados en municipio de Sao Paulo, Sureste de Brasil Reliability of food labels from products marketed in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil

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Cássia Maria Lobanco

2009-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a fidedignidade das informações sobre dados nutricionais declarados em rótulos de alimentos comercializados. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 153 alimentos industrializados habitualmente consumidos por crianças e adolescentes, comercializados no município de São Paulo (SP entre os anos de 2001 e 2005. Os teores de nutrientes informados pelos rótulos foram confrontados com os resultados obtidos por métodos analíticos (físico-químicos oficiais, considerando a variabilidade de 20% tolerada pela legislação vigente, para aprovar ou condenar as amostras. Foram calculadas médias, desvios-padrão e intervalos com 95% de confiança para os nutrientes analisados, assim como a distribuição da freqüência percentual de amostras condenadas. RESULTADOS: Todos os produtos salgados analisados apresentaram inconformidades relativamente ao conteúdo de fibra alimentar, sódio ou de gorduras saturadas. Os produtos doces apresentaram variação de zero a 36% de condenação relativamente ao teor de fibra alimentar. Mais da metade (52% dos biscoitos recheados foram condenados quanto à quantidade de gorduras saturadas. Os nutrientes implicados com a obesidade e suas complicações para a saúde foram aqueles que apresentaram maiores proporções de inconformidade. A falta de fidedignidade das informações de rótulos nas amostras analisadas viola as disposições da Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada 360/03 da ANVISA e os direitos garantidos pela lei de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor. CONCLUSÕES: Foram encontrados altos índices de não conformidade dos dados nutricionais nos rótulos de alimentos destinados ao público adolescente e infantil, indicando a urgência de ações de fiscalização e de outras medidas de rotulagem nutricional.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la fidedignidad de las informaciones sobre datos nutricionales declarados en rótulos de alimentos comercializados. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron

Phytotherapy of Acute Respiratory Viral Diseases

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I.B. Ershova

2016-11-01

of acute respiratory viral infections the medicinal plants of several pharmacological groups mainly used are: plants with a tonic effect (plants containing vitamins and minerals — rose hips, black currant, sea buckthorn, citrus fruits, adaptogens and immune modulators should be used in pediatric practice with caution (Ginseng, Rhodiola Rosea, Aralia Manchurian, plants containing biogenic stimulators — the aloe latex, kalanchoe, plant with bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect (sage leaves drug, eucalyptus switchgrass, plants with anti-inflammatory effect, containing tannins — oak bark, Potentilla rhizome, rhizome of Polygonum snake, burnet, alder cones, etc; plants containing essential oils, azulene derivatives — Chamomile flowers; plants containing mucus — Farfara leaves, Plantain; Linden flowers; plants with antipyretic and diaphoretic action — plants containing vitamins (fruits of raspberry, black currant fruit, cranberry; plants containing salicylic acid derivatives — Viola tricolor, raspberry fruit; plants with protective, emollient, expectorant action containing mucus — Farfara leaves; Linden flowers, plantain leaves are large; containing alkaloids, with antitussive effect —codeine phosphate; glaucine hydrochloride grass of Thermopsis lancet; bronchodilators plants; plants with anti-allergic effect, containing flavonoids — herb of Viola tricolor, the roots of Licorice. The article presents the re­commendation of professor O.D. Barnaulov, a pediatric phytotherapist O.A. Daniluk on herbal medicine using in children, the rules of the certain medicinal plants use by Y.I. Korshikova, dosage regimen for herbal remedies for children, proposed by N.P. Menshikova, as well as practical advice on drafting phytospecies for the treatment and prophylaxis of acute respiratory viral infections and prescribing proposed by phytotherapist O.V. Kostareva.

Mulheres com deficiência e sua dupla vulnerabilidade: contribuições para a construção da integralidade em saúde Women with disabilities and their double vulnerability: contributions for setting up comprehensive health care practices

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José Ricardo de Carvalho Mesquita Ayres

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Mulheres com deficiência contam com ações inexpressivas nos serviços de atenção básica em saúde, que embora historicamente privilegiem a clientela feminina, pouco reconhecem os aspectos relativos aos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos e à dupla vulnerabilidade que as acometem por serem mulheres e portarem deficiências. Este estudo é parte de uma pesquisa qualitativa que objetiva identificar dimensões individuais, sociais e programáticas da dupla vulnerabilidade de quinze mulheres com diferentes tipos e graus de deficiência, usuárias de três serviços de atenção básica em saúde na cidade de São Paulo. Destacam-se em suas narrativas vivências de rejeição ou superproteção familiar, dificuldades em adquirir equipamentos para sua autonomia, pouco investimento no estudo e na qualificação profissional, menor participação social, obstáculos à vivencia da sexualidade e da maternidade, falta de acessibilidade física, comunicacional e atitudes pouco receptivas nos serviços de saúde, caracterizando total vulnerabilidade. Problematizá-la possibilita a construção de práticas integrais de saúde que incorporem a dimensão dos direitos humanos de grupos que historicamente experimentam a violação dos mesmos: mulheres e pessoas com deficiência.Women with disabilities have few measures geared to their needs in the primary health care services. Despite the attention given to the female population in these facilities, they still fail to address specificities of women with disabilities, such as issues related to their sexual and reproductive rights and their double vulnerability, both as women and as disabled individuals. This research is part of a qualitative study to identify the individual, social and programmed double vulnerability of fifteen women with different types and degrees of disabilities, who are frequenters of three primary health care facilities in São Paulo city. The women's narratives highlighted experiences of

Adaptação transcultural para o português (Brasil do instrumento Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST utilizado para identificar risco de violência contra o idoso Portuguese (Brazil cross-cultural adaptation of the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST used to identify risk of violence against the elderly

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Michael Eduardo Reichenheim

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo descreve a adaptação transcultural para uso no Brasil do instrumento Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST utilizado para identificar risco de violência doméstica em idosos. Avaliando-se as equivalências conceitual e de itens, concluiu-se pela pertinência delas no contexto brasileiro. A equivalência semântica contemplou a correspondência de significado referencial/denotativo de termos e a geral/conotativa dos itens em si. A equivalência de mensuração foi investigada por intermédio de propriedades psicométricas. Semelhante ao encontrado no instrumento original em inglês, a análise fatorial revelou três dimensões. Seis dos sete itens carregaram satisfatoriamente no fator 1 (escala de "situação de abuso potencial". A consistência interna mostrou-se razoável e reprodutibilidade intra-observador discreta. O segundo fator representando a dimensão de "violação de direitos pessoais ou abuso direto" teve desempenho semelhante. Ainda assim, identificou-se troca de itens entre estas escalas e cargas cruzadas. Uma terceira escala que deveria abarcar as "características de vulnerabilidade" não teve o mesmo desempenho. Conclui-se que mesmo sem mostrar equivalência completa, o H-S/EAST já poderia ser recomendado para uso no contexto brasileiro, pelo menos em parte.This article describes the cross-cultural adaptation, for use in Brazil, of the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST, used to identify risk of domestic violence against the elderly. Evaluating the conceptual and item equivalences, the article concludes that they are pertinent in the Brazilian context. Semantic equivalence covered the terms' correspondence in referential/denotative meaning and the items' general/connotative correspondence per se. Measurement equivalence was investigated by means of psychometric properties. As with the original instrument in English, the factor analysis revealed three dimensions. Six of the seven

Impact of different soil cultivation on weed species in winter rape (oilseed

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Jan Winkler

2005-01-01

occurrence. The third group consists of species such as: Cirsium arvense, Chamomilla recutita, Galium aparine, Lactuca serriola, Matricaria maritima, Triticum aestivum and Viola arvensis. Their cover and frequency of occurrence were in a more degree influenced by factors different from the type of tillage. The manner of tillage appears to be only one of a number of factors that affect the occurrence of weed species. It influences them together with other factors and it is a factor of polyfunctional nature.

Estudo da desigualdade na utilização de serviços de saúde por idosos em três regiões da cidade do Rio de Janeiro Inequality in health care use by the elderly in three districts in the city of Rio de Janeiro

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Rejane Sobrino Pinheiro

1999-09-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, foi analisada a desigualdade social na utilização de serviços de saúde e a influência que a área de residência exerce nessas desigualdades. Com informações baseadas em um questionário multidimensional aplicado a uma amostra de idosos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, foi estudada a associação do uso de serviços de saúde com fatores sócio-demográficos, condição social, necessidade e oferta de serviços médicos. O desenho amostral complexo levou a violações de pressupostos do modelo de regressão logística, que foram tratadas na fase de análise dos dados, com base no cálculo do efeito do desenho. O fator mais importante na explicação da variação no uso de serviços de saúde por idosos foi necessidade. Porém, ser do sexo feminino, renda, área de moradia e ter direito de usar serviço privado também mostraram efeito positivo no consumo de serviços de saúde. O modelo apontou ainda para a existência de interação entre área de residência e renda. A área de alto padrão de vida, representada neste estudo por Copacabana, não apresentou desigualdades internas no uso de serviços de saúde, sendo o efeito da renda mais importante em locais classificados em níveis de padrão de vida médio e menor (Méier e Santa Cruz, respectivamente.This article analyzes social inequalities in health care services utilization by the elderly and tests the influence of place of residence. The study was based on a sample survey of residents 60 years of age and older from three different areas in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The multi-stage sampling method led to violations of the logistic regression assumptions which were considered in the data analysis stage. Need was the most important factor related to utilization. However, gender, type of service, income, and place of residence also showed positive impact on health care utilization. Moreover, the effect of the income was modified by place of residence. The area with the

Homicídios, desenvolvimento socioeconômico e violência policial no Município de São Paulo, Brasil Homicide mortality, socioeconomic development, and police violence in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

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Maria Fernanda Tourinho Peres

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre violência policial e coeficientes de mortalidade por homicídio, considerando o efeito de variáveis contextuais. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico de corte transversal considerando os 96 distritos censitários do Município de São Paulo. A associação entre as variáveis foi determinada através de correlação de Spearman e de análise de regressão linear simples e múltipla. RESULTADOS: Nas análises univariadas, encontramos associação forte e significativa entre os coeficientes de mortalidade por homicídio e todos os indicadores de desenvolvimento socioeconômico e violência policial. Após controle dos potenciais confundidores, a associação entre a violência policial e os coeficientes de mortalidade por homicídio manteve-se forte e significativa. Apenas com o controle para o tamanho da população residente a associação perdeu a significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados indicam que uma ação policial centrada na violação de direitos humanos básicos não parece ser a resposta correta para o enfrentamento da violência urbana. A combinação de homicídios que resultam de violência interpessoal com mortes por violência policial representa uma situação de socialização negativa, favorecendo ainda mais violência.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between police violence and homicide mortality rates taking into consideration the effect of contextual variables. METHODS: This was an environmental, cross-sectional study that included the 96 census districts in the City of São Paulo. The association between the variables was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation and simple and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed a strong and significant association between homicide mortality coefficients and all the indicators of socioeconomic development and police violence. After controlling for potential confounding factors, the association between

Le concordanze devianti nel portoghese popolare brasiliano (PPB. Il caso del parlato filmico dei favela movies e dei sertão movies nel Korpus PE/PB Unisalento

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Francesco Morleo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract – This research aims to describe the main aspects of the flexive morphology in the Brazilian-Portuguese language (spoken by the lower classes, following the results of the variationist sociolinguistics research carried out so far. In detail, the research will deal with the linguistic phenomenon of agreement violation, that is to say, the lack of agreement in number and person in the noun phrase and in the verb phrase. The corpus used for the research consists in 10 Brazilian movies selected among the audiovisual products of the “Corpus filmico PE/PB Unisalento”, composed of the transcriptions of Portuguese and Brazilian fictional movies and documentaries of the last decades (in progress. This research will analyse in detail the number of occurrences and the specific cases in which the linguistic phenomenon takes place. The agreement violation is typical of the sub-standard Brazilian Portuguese language and it is relevant for the debate on the origins of the Brazilian-Portuguese language and its differences with standard Portuguese. For this reason, the agreement violation is one of the most pertinent case studies from the sociolinguistic point of view, important to provide information about linguistic changes.Resumo –  Esta pesquisa tenta descrever os aspetos principais da morfologia flexional no Português Popular Brasileiro, seguindo os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa linguística varacionista. Especificatamente, esta pesquisa analisa o fenômeno linguístico da violação de concordância, isto é, a falta de concordância no sintagma nominal e no sintagma verbal. O corpus utilizado é composto por 10 filmes brasileiros selecionados entre os produtos audiovisuais presentes no “Corpus fílmico PE/PB Unisalento”, composto por transcrições de filmes ficcionais e documentários portugueses e brasileiros dos últimos anos (em construção. Esta pesquisa analisará em detalhe o número de ocorrências e os casos espec

Saúde e ambiente no Brasil: desenvolvimento, território e iniqüidade social Health and environment in Brazil: development, territory, and social iniquity

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Raquel Maria Rigotto

2007-01-01

Full Text Available As autoras apresentam uma abordagem das iniqüidades sócio-ambientais no Brasil, decorrentes do modelo de desenvolvimento, no contexto atual da globalização, e as perspectivas da luta social. A realização histórica da ideologia do desenvolvimento tem implicado em profundas transformações do território, com sérias repercussões sobre a saúde das populações e dos ecossistemas, as quais apenas muito recentemente começam a ser reconhecidas como problemas na agenda social. A tentativa de conciliar soluções para a crise social e a crise ambiental resultou na formulação da proposta de desenvolvimento sustentável - incorporada em alguns novos discursos no campo da saúde coletiva - cuja análise crítica é o ponto de partida deste artigo. O território foi examinado como um operador útil para analisar a expressão da ligação entre saúde, ambiente e desenvolvimento, revelador do paradoxo entre as potencialidades naturais e humanas do Brasil e sua pobreza, espelho da injustiça ambiental e da violação de direitos humanos. Trata-se de um conceito expandido de ordenação territorial, importante para criar a possibilidade de se compreender o contexto de modernização e de possibilidade das populações pobres conquistarem uma vida melhor.The present paper deals with the subject of socio-environmental injustice in Brazil as a consequence of the country's current development model in the context of globalization and from the perspective of social struggle. Over time the realization of the development ideology has introduced profound changes in the country's territory, with severe repercussions for population and ecosystem health that have only recently been included on the social agenda. Efforts to reconcile solutions to the social and environmental crises have converged in the concept of sustainable development, within new discourses in the field of collective health (and whose analysis provides the point of departure for this

Avaliação da influência de condições meteorológicas na ocorrência e manutenção de um episódio prolongado com altas concentrações de ozônio sobre a região metropolitana de São Paulo Evaluation of the meteorological conditions influence on the occurrence and maintenance of a multiday episode with high ozone concentrations over the metropolitan area of São Paulo

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Vanessa Silveira Barreto Carvalho

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, a rede de monitoramento da qualidade do ar registra frequentemente valores de concentração de ozônio superiores aos estabelecidos pela legislação em vigor no Brasil. Em algumas ocasiões, condições meteorológicas favoráveis ao processo de formação de ozônio possibilitam a ocorrência de altas concentrações de ozônio durante diversos dias consecutivos na região. A influência de condições meteorológicas no episódio de poluição, registrado entre os dias de 24 de fevereiro e 05 de março de 2003, foi avaliada através de simulações numéricas com o modelo SPM-BRAMS. Estudos observacionais mostram que a ocorrência de ventos fracos, principalmente, durante o período noturno e durante as manhãs, favorece a formação de altas concentrações de ozônio sobre a região. O horário de entrada e a atuação da brisa marítima são fundamentais para o transporte do ozônio e de seus precursores. Essas condições foram bem simuladas pelo modelo. Para os dias mais críticos, quando diversas estações de monitoramento registraram a ocorrência de violações ao padrão nacional de qualidade do ar, o modelo simulou adequadamente as condições atmosféricas determinantes para a manutenção de valores elevados nas concentrações de ozônio, sem a necessidade de nenhum procedimento artificial ao longo das integrações.In the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo, air quality monitoring network often register ozone concentration values higher than those established by Brazilian legislation. In some occasions, weather conditions favorable to ozone formation allow the occurrence of high concentration values for several consecutive days in the area. The influence of meteorological conditions on the air pollution episode registered between February 24 and March 05, 2003 was assessed through numerical simulations with the SPM-BRAMS model. Observational studies show that the occurrence of calm winds

"Nosso Darfur, Darfur deles": a política desviante do Sudão e a nascente "limpeza étnica" em uma emergente anarquia Africana "Our Darfur, their Darfur": Sudan's politics of deviance and the rising "ethnic-cleansing" in an African emerging anarchy

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Isiaka Alani Badmus

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa a atual guerra civil na região oeste da República do Sudão (RS, em Darfur, dentro do contexto mais amplo da antiga crise de governo do país no âmbito nacional, que é condicionada pelas políticas desiguais do Estado central e de sua elite árabe dominante. Usando o que Frost (1996 identificou como conjunto de normas "estabelecidas" nas relações internacionais para investigar as condutas do Sudão na política doméstica e na política internacional, este trabalho conclui que Cartum é culpada por graves comportamentos impróprios e violações do direito internacional humanitário. Esses comportamentos desviantes, atrelados a sua busca para estabelecer um Estado teocrático e exportar sua ideologia radical, opuseram a RS à comunidade internacional. Baseando-se nos atuais engajamentos militares de Cartum e em operações similares anteriores, este estudo defende que, para que o Sudão consiga superar a presente dificuldade política, seus governantes devem, com sinceridade de propósito, abandonar suas políticas desequilibradas e dar preferência àquelas inclusivas, abertas a todas as formações étnicas no país. Na análise final, é argumentado que isto só pode ter sentido dentro de um contexto de melhores condições socioeconômicas, pois, stricto sensu, requer o apoio econômico ao Sudão por parte da África e da comunidade internacional em geral.This article analyses the current civil war in the Republic of the Sudan's (RoS western region of Darfur within the broad context of the country's age-old crisis of governance at the national level; conditioned by the inequitable State's policies of the central state and its dominant Arab elite. Using Frost's (1996 identified "settled" body of norms in international relations to probe Sudan's conducts in domestic and international politics, this paper found Khartoum guilty of gross misconducts and violations of international humanitarian law. These deviant

Weed infestation of a winter wheat canopy under the conditions of application of different herbicide doses and foliar fertilization

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Piotr Kraska

2012-12-01

control treatment were significantly higher in comparison with the herbicide treated plots. The application of different herbicide doses did not differentiate significantly the weed infestation level in the winter wheat canopy. Galium aparine, Papaver rhoeas, Viola arvensis and Apera spica-venti were dominant weed species in the winter wheat canopy. Foliar application of fertilizers did not influence the weed infestation level in the crop canopy. Molecular analysis showed that herbicide application did not affect genetic variation in the populations of Galium aparine and Apera spica-venti.

FORMAS CONTEMPORÁNEAS DE ESCLAVITUD: TRATA DE MUJERES

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Waldimeiry Correa da Silva

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Afirma-se que o Tráfico de seres humanos é una forma contemporânea de escravidão, com base em que fundamento? Que elementos caracterizam o tráfico como escravidão contemporânea? Por outro lado, se o Tráfico é uma forma contemporânea de escravidão, temos de reconhecer a existência de uma prática que foi objeto de “proibição”, “abolição”, há mais de 150 anos: a escravidão. Uma prática condenada por diversas normas internacionais, tanto a nível universal quanto regional e nacional. Diante da inegável existência de formas contemporâneas de escravidão no cenário internacional, nos preguntamos se este fato não seria um exemplo da desordem internacional, produzida pela ausência de ação (ou baixa eficácia do ator principal para sua erradicação: o Estado. A estes efeitos, para a presente investigação, partimos da hipótese de que o Tráfico de seres humanos é um exemplo manifesto da desordem internacional. Para fundamentar nossa hipótese, a presente tese se encontra estruturada em quatro partes que guardam devida relação entre si. Na primeira, realizamos una análise teórica das Relaciones internacionais, no marco de nosso estudo: o Tráfico de mulheres como forma contemporânea de escravidão, um exemplo da desordem internacional. Esta análise está fundamentada, tanto desde a perspectiva construtivista das relações internacionais, com uma aproximação à teoria dos regímenes internacionais, quanto desde a humanização do Direito internacional contemporâneo. Na segunda, desenvolvemos o conceito de escravidão, suas formas análogas e do trabalho forçado. Na terceira, aprofundamos a análise no Tráfico de seres humanos, particularmente no tráfico de mulheres para fins de exploração sexual, no qual examinamos a evolução conceitual e as sinergias com outras formas contemporâneas de escravidão; sua manifestação como uma forma de violência contra a mulher e uma violação sistemática de

A Ação do Estado na Assistência Social às Famílias com Crianças e ou Adolescentes no Brasil em relação à Europa e à América Latina (The Action of the State in Social Assitance to families with Children and or Adolescents

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Rosilene Marques Sobrinho de França

2017-10-01

Full Text Available O artigo examina a ação do Estado na Assistência Social às famílias com crianças e adolescentes no Brasil em relação aos contextos europeu e latinoamericano, objetivando apreender as perspectivas e os limites da efetivação dos direitos infantojuvenis na perspectiva do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS. Com base no método Hermenêutico Dialético, tendo como base estudo bibliográfico e documental, as discussões apontam que nos sistemas protetivos mais consolidados do contexto europeu, a Assistência Social apresenta-se complementar e residual, e, que, em países latino-americanos, a exemplo do Brasil, caracterizados pela presença de um capitalismo tardio, tem sido demandada umacentralidade da referida política pública na identificação e no atendimento das vulnerabilidades, dos riscos e das violações a direitos que, muitas vezes, ficam sem respostas, diante da fragilidade do sistema protetivo. Apesar de terem sido observadas alterações nos padrões da política de Assistência Social brasileira na proteção à infância e à adolescência pós-Constituição Federal de 1988, Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (1990 e SUAS (2005, o sistema protetivo não tem sido capaz de alterar as históricas desigualdades que estão na base dos problemas que afetam a infância e a adolescência. Palavras-chave: Estado. Família. Assistência Social. Infância. Adolescência.Abstract: The article examines the State’s action in Social  Assistance to families with children and adolescents in Brazil in relation to the European and Latin American contexts, aiming at apprehending the perspectives and limits of the effectiveness of children’s rights in the perspective of the Unified Social Assistance System. Based on the Dialectical Hermeneutic method, based on a bibliographical and documentary study, the discussions point out that in the most consolidated protection systems of the European context, Social

Da impotência à disfunção erétil: destinos da medicalização da sexualidade From impotence to erectile dysfunction: a journey through the medicalization of sexuality

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Alain Giami

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo retrata a história recente da transformação do conceito da impotência, como desordem psicossexual, em disfunção erétil, considerada como uma doença de etiologia principalmente orgânica. Demonstra sucessivamente como a impotência masculina constituiu uma abrangência global de todo o ciclo da resposta sexual, e ainda, uma violação da identidade e da autoimagem; como o relacionamento entre casais se transformou progressivamente em dificuldade e como a falta de um órgão claramente circunscrito pode ser o objeto de um "simples" tratamento medicamentoso. Este processo foi analisado a partir de modelo sequencial da medicalização (Conrad, que permite compreender a intervenção dos diferentes atores envolvidos (cientistas, médicos, industriais, políticos, empresários. Compreende-se, assim, como as descobertas científicas são selecionadas e desenvolvidas de acordo com seu potencial industrial e são aplicadas às pesquisas clínicas; como entidades clínicas são reconceitualizadas e medidas através de investigações epidemiológicas na população em geral e como são criados os ensaios clínicos que levam à criação de um medicamento. Em seguida, observam-se como os atores da saúde pública e os políticos intervêm para dar legitimidade ao novo problema criado. Por fim, avalia-se a possibilidade da desmedicalização de problemas com o uso não-médico do medicamento, no contexto do desenvolvimento da autoprescrição na Internet.This paper delineates the history of the recent transformation of the concept of impotence - from a psycho-social disorder to a disease with an organic etiology. Then it shows how male impotency, which globally affected the entire sexual response cycle, even acted upon self-image and the representation of the couple - progressively became a disorder as the failure of a well controlled organ liable to undergo a single medicinal treatment. This process is analyzed from the sequential model

The endemic medicinal plants of Northern Balochistan, Pakistan and their uses in traditional medicine.

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Bibi, Tahira; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Mohammad Tareen, Niaz; Jabeen, Rukhsana; Sultana, Shazia; Zafar, Muhammad; Zain-ul-Abidin, Sheikh

2015-09-15

The highlands of Northern Balochistan are the hot spots of medicinal and endemic plant in Pakistan. These plants are still commonly used for medicinal purposes by local people in their daily lives. This study first documented the information about the medicinal uses of endemic species of Balochistan-province Pakistan. A survey was performed using open ended questionnaires, free listening and personal observations with 152 informants (54% female, 46% male). In addition, the use value (MUV), use report (UR), fidelity level (FL), frequency citation (FC), relative frequency citation (RFC), family importance value (FIV) of species were determined and the informant consensus factor (ICF) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study. A total of 24 endemic plants belonging to 19 genera and 14 families were used by the local inhabitants to treat 12 categories of various diseases. The most common families of endemic plant species as depicted by its number of species (6 species) and FIV (9.9) was Fabaceae as the dominant family. The endemic plant species comprised perennial herbs (30%), annual herbs (25%), shrubs (29%) and under shrubs (16% each), no endemic tree species was reported in the study area. The highest number of species were used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (12 species). The main route of administration is oral injection (62%) while the most frequently used form of external administration of herbal medicine was paste (5.4%) and the most commonly applied methods of preparation are powder (48.2%). Highest use report were calculated for Allium baluchistanicum and Viola makranica, (8 UR each), and least use report were calculated for two species Heliotropium remotiflorum and Tetracme stocksii (1 UR for each). Use values of the recorded plant species have been calculated which showed a highest use value of (0.73) for A. baluchistanicum and (0.56) for Berberis baluchistanica while the lowest UVs were attained for T. stocksii (0

Contestação de normas e ameaça à paz e à segurança regional e internacional: a facilidade excessiva de acesso a armas Norm contestation and threat to regional and international peace and security: excessive ease of access to arms

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Denise Garcia

2011-12-01

Full Text Available A facilidade de acesso a armas, pelos governos e atores não governamentais afins, exacerba os conflitos, destrói os acordos de paz frágeis e facilita a perpetração de violações dos direitos humanos e crimes hediondos contra a humanidade. Agravando isso, o comércio de armas está fora do alcance do direito internacional, ou seja, não existe um tratado global internacional juridicamente vinculativo que regulamente todos os aspectos da transferência de armas. A prática de transferência de armas para atores não estatais sem critérios em relação aos usuários finais é uma característica recorrente do comércio mundial de armas e, geralmente, tem consequências deletérias. Estas são percebidas nos conflitos prolongados no Afeganistão, na República Democrática do Congo, no Sudão, no Chifre da África, no Oriente Médio e mais recentemente na Síria e na Líbia, entre muitos outros. O presente artigo analisa uma tentativa contestada na construção de normas internacionais para conter uma prática internacional de longa data - a da transferência de armas para atores não estatais - e suas implicações para a segurança internacional, direito internacional e formulação de políticas a nível multilateral. No entanto, diferente dos construtivistas, examina uma norma que, apesar de difundida em diferentes contextos regionais, não conseguiu encontrar validade jurídica como uma realidade normativa internacional.The ease of access to arms, by governments and non-government actors alike, exacerbates conflicts, destroys fragile peace agreements, and facilitates the perpetration of violations of human rights and egregious crimes against humanity. Compounding this, the arms trade is out of the purview of International Law; that is, there is no comprehensive legally binding international treaty regulating all aspects of arms transfers. The practice of transferring arms to non-state actors with no criteria regarding the end users is a

QUESTÕES SOBRE A PENA DE MORTE

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SOUSA, L.N.

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Pelo menos, desde o Código de Hamurabi as punições para atos desviantes tem sido um foco de reflexão. Este trabalho encerra essa reflexão acerca de aspectos em torno do tema pena de morte. Além de feito político contra o crime, também seria um ato com fins vingativos, fundamentado na violação da dignidade humana, o que justifica a necessidade de haver uma rigorosa análise sobre tal questão, visando os argumentos lógicos, baseados na realidade social brasileira. Alguns estudos demonstram que a percepção da classe menos favorecida é que já existe, de certa forma, uma pena de morte informal no Brasil, praticada pela polícia ou grupos de extermínio. No entanto, diversos setores defendem a pena de morte em nome dos direitos humanos. O debate sobre o referido tema não deve limitar-se às questões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento moral individual, antes deve incluir também a análise de fatores históricos, culturais, econômicos, políticos e ideológicos. Este estudo tem como objetivo coletar dados bibliográficos, bem como dados sobre as opiniões que as pessoas em Campos dos Goytacazes têm sobre a pena de morte. A pesquisa feita é de caráter exploratório. Utilizaram-se as metodologias pertinentes a uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Foi realizada com moradores da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, especificamente com 40 jovens e adultos, de gênero masculino e feminino, com idades entre 18 e 48 anos, sendo a maioria mulheres. A coleta de dados foi feita através de questionários fechados, do tipo likert. Cerca de 48% da amostra concorda com a sentença pena de morte. As respostas quanto a não ter opinião formada sobre o assunto foram minoria, somando 20% ao todo, restando 32% de sujeitos que declararam ser contrários. Metade dos sujeitos não concordou que a sentença seria aplicada corretamente no Brasil. A minoria concordou que a lei teria uma aplicabilidade positiva no país. Aproximadamente 43% dos sujeitos pesquisados

The 13th International Workshop on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers (Oxford, UK, 2011) The 13th International Workshop on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers (Oxford, UK, 2011)

Science.gov (United States)

Saibene, G.

2012-11-01

as to stimulate and lead the open discussion. Poster sessions were also organized to present specialist papers and provide a venue for continued discussion. The topics selected for this edition of the workshop were: 1. Integrated plasma scenarios for ITER and a reactor: experimental and theoretical studies, including the self-stabilizing transport approach. 2. Edge transport barrier control and plasma performance: physics of 3D stochastic magnetic fields for ELM suppression. 3. H-mode transition physics and H-mode pedestal structure: pedestal dynamics near transitions and requirements for high-confinement access and sustainment. 4. Energetic particle driven instabilities and related physics: H-mode and the transport barrier. 5. Role of and evidence for non-diffusive particle and toroidal momentum transport and impact of fuelling: experiments, theory and modelling. 6. Long-range correlation of plasma turbulence and interaction between edge and core transport. The choice of topics, and the amount of progress in the understanding of the complexity of transport barriers physics reflect the drive in the fusion community towards the preparation for the ITER tokamak operation. More than 100 scientists (including students) attended the three-day workshop, coming from all over the world to present their newest results, discuss with colleagues and enjoy the atmosphere of the beautiful Lady Margaret Hall. The preparation work of the International Advisory Committee (G. Saibene (EU - Chair), R. Groebner (US), T. S Hahm (KO), A. Hubbard (US), K. Ida (Japan), S. Lebedev (RF), N. Oyama (Japan), E Wolfrum (EU)) has been rewarded by the enthusiastic participation of scientists, experimentalist, modellers and theoreticians, and by the high level of the scientific discussion throughout the workshop, during lunch breaks and even at the conference dinner. The Committee is also grateful to EFDA for the support in the organization of the workshop and to the Local Organizing Committee (E

Music critic Gustav Michel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vasić Aleksandar N.

2004-01-01

Full Text Available The writers whose real vocation was not music left significant traces in the history of Serbian music critics and essayism of the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. Numerous authors, literary historians theoreticians and critics, jurists and theatre historians, wrote successfully on music in Serbian daily newspapers, literary and other magazines, until the Second World War. This study is devoted to Gustav Michel (1868 - 1926, one of the music amateurs who ought to be remembered in the history of Serbian music critics. Gustav Michel was a pharmacist by vocation. He ran a private pharmacy in Belgrade all his life. But he was a musician as well. He played the viola in the second (in chronological order of foundation Serbian String Quartet. The ensemble mostly consisted of amateurs, and it performed standard pieces of chamber music (W. A. Mozart L. v. Beethoven, F. Schubert, F. Mendelsohn-Bartholdy, A. Dvořžak. These musicians had performed public concerts in Belgrade since 1900 up until Michel’s death. Belgrade music critics prised the performances of this string ensemble highly. Gustav Michel was also a music critic. Until now only seven articles, published by this author between 1894 and 1903, in Order (Red, Folk Newspaper (Narodne novine and Serbian Literary Magazine (Srpski književni glasnik have been found. Michel’s preserved articles unambiguously prove that their author had a solid knowledge of music theory and history, the knowledge that exceeded amateurism. Nevertheless, Michel did not burden his first critics with expert language of musicology. Later on, in Serbian Literary Magazine, the magazine which left enough room for music, Michel penetrated more into musical terminology, thus educating slowly forming Serbian concert-going public. The analysis of Michel’s texts showed that he was not, in contrast to the majority of professional music critics, an opponent of virtuosity. Gentle and liberal, he did not

A compensação ambiental prevista pelo Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação (SNUC: a ADI nº 3.378 e o decreto nº 6.848/09 The environmental compensation concerning the National System of Conservation Units ("SNUC": the unconstitutionality action ADI n. 3,378 and the decree n. 6,848/09

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Marcos Domingues

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho traça a trajetória da compensação ambiental instituída pela Lei do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação (SNUC, da sua criação, passando pelo julgamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal na ADI nº 3.378/DF (que a julgou parcialmente inconstitucional, com redução de texto, até a última regulamentação da matéria pelo Poder Executivo (Decreto nº 6.848, de 2009, pretensamente em consonância com a decisão da Corte. Da análise deste Decreto, depreende-se que foram previstos critérios para o cálculo da compensação ambiental os quais, na verdade, retomam a noção de percentual e vínculo ao custo do empreendimento impactante, em afronta à decisão proferida pelo STF, configurando violação à Separação de Poderes. Por outro lado, a nova redação do art. 31 do regulamento anterior, introduzida pelo Decreto citado, prevê a competência do IBAMA, órgão federal de licenciamento ambiental, para a fixação do valor da compensação, daí se deduzindo que apenas aos empreendimentos sujeitos a licenciamento pelo IBAMA, no exercício de competência federal exclusiva, poderá ser aplicada a compensação ambiental. Em síntese, este ensaio analisa as inovações trazidas pelo Decreto nº 6.848/09, assim como sustenta a natureza tributária da compensação SNUC, ainda não debatida pelo STF, mas que não deve ser olvidada.The work features the environmental compensation established by the Law on the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC, since its creation, the Supreme Court ruling of the Unconstitutionality Direct Action-ADI nº 3.378/df (that declared its partial unconstitutionality with text reduction, and the last regulation on the matter by the Administration as per Decree nº 6.848/09, intended to be in harmony with the Supreme Court decision. From the analysis of the Decree, we can infer that some standards set for the environmental compensation calculation, in fact retake the notion of a percentage