3He/4He production ratios by tetrahedral symmetric condensation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takahashi, Akito

2006-01-01

The present paper treats application of the Electronic Quasi-Particle Expansion Theory (EQPET) model for Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate (TSC) of H/D mixed systems for Pd host metal. Production ratios of 3 He/ 4 He for multi-body fusion reactions in H/D mixed TSC systems are calculated as a function of H/D mixing ratio. The model is further extended to treat direct nuclear interactions between host-metal nucleus and TSC of pure four protons (or four deuterons), since TSC can become very small (far less than 1 pm radius) charge-neutral pseudo-particle. Results for the case of Ni + 4p/TSC are discussed with Ni + p capture reactions and Ni + 4p fission reactions. (authors)

Pre-scission 4He multiplicity in the 19F+197Au reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ikezoe, H.; Shikazono, N.; Nagame, Y.; Sugiyama, Y.; Tomita, Y.; Ideno, K.; Iwamoto, A.; Ohtsuki, T.

1990-01-01

Pre- and post-scission 4 He particle multiplicities for the 19 F+ 197 Au reaction in the excitation energy range of 43 to 90 MeV have been measured in coincidence with fission fragments. The coincident 4 He particles measured at backward angles are accounted for by evaporation from a compound nucleus and fission fragments. The most probable center-of-mass energy of the 4 He particles measured at backward angles is shifted towards lower energies by ∼2 MeV compared to a statistical model calculation performed by assuming 4 He emission from a spherical compound nucleus. The observed pre-scission 4 He multiplicity as a function of excitation energy is compared to a set of statistical-model calculations which also included the delayed onset of fission. The comparison shows that the observed energy dependence of the pre-scission 4 He multiplicity is reproduced by the calculation without taking into account the delayed onset of fission if the reduced emission barrier for 4 He is assumed in the calculation. The emission mechanism of the pre-scission 4 He is discussed

Overlap integrals of model wave functions of 4He and 3He,3H nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Voloshin, N.I.; Levshin, E.B.; Fursa, A.D.

1990-01-01

Overlap integrals of wave functions 4 He nucleus and 3 He and 3 H nuclei are calculated. Two types of model wave functions are used to describe the structure of nuclei. The wace function is taken as a product of the one-particle Gaussian functions of the Gaussian type in the second case

Characteristics of spectators in 4He nuclei fragmentation processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bano, M.; Braun, H.; Futo, A.

1984-10-01

Characteristics were studieO of deuteron, 3 H and 3 He spectators emitted in 4 He-p interactions at 8.6 GeV/c incident momentum. A model using the Monte Carlo procedure is proposed which predicts the momentum distribution for a nucleon or a group of nucleons (d, 3 H, 3 He) in the 4 He nucleus and describes some properties of reaction channels with spectator emission. The predictions are compared with experimental data. Good agreement is obtained taking into account the influence of the experimental errors and of the binding energy between the fragments. (author)

Does the excited state of the 3He nucleus exist?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barabanov, A.L.

1994-01-01

The suggestion is made that the excited state of the 3 He nucleus found out recently in the reaction has spin and parity 1/2 + and the same configuration that the ground open of 6 He. It is shown that in an elastic nd-scattering a resonance associated with the excited state may be absent due to destructive interference of potential and resonant scattering phases

Influence of neutron halo in the interaction of 6He nucleus of 35 MeV/nucleon with 197Au and 238U

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perier, Yann

1997-01-01

In this study, we have attempted to answer some of the questions still open concerning neutron halo nuclei. The interest of the latter lies in their very peculiar structure. The analysis of the kinematical features of the halo nucleus fragments originating from the dissociation following the interaction with a target nucleus is an essential tool for probing this structure. We studied the 6 He + Au, U at 35 A.MeV system with a new method. Simultaneous measurements of the halo nucleus core, the halo neutrons and the excitation energy deposited in the target nucleus assessed with ORION allowed us to obtain information about the formation of the 5 He nucleus and about the partial validity of the sudden approximation at moderate bombarding energy. The study of the core nucleus and neutron angular distributions confirmed that it is difficult to extract information on the internal structure at the halo neutrons from their widths. The halo neutron longitudinal momentum distributions were studied. Their widths were found to increase as the impact parameter decreases. The 4 He - core parallel momentum distributions were also investigated. The widths are weakly dependent on the excitation energy deposited in the target nucleus, but increase with the 4 He emission angle as for the halo neutrons. The ratio between one- and two-neutron stripping cross sections seems to indicate that the two halo neutrons are strongly correlated with a large dineutron component, as ascertained by a calculation in the framework of the Serber model. (author)

Study of the {sup 6}Li + p → {sup 3}He + {sup 4}He reaction in inverse kinematics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Betsou, C.; Pakou, A.; Aslanoglou, X.; Nicolis, N.G.; Sgouros, O.; Soukeras, V. [The University of Ioannina, Department of Physics and HINP, Ioannina (Greece); Cappuzzello, F. [Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN, Catania (Italy); Universita di Catania, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Catania (Italy); Acosta, L. [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Fisica, Mexico Distrito Federal (Mexico); INFN, Catania (Italy); Agodi, C.; Carbone, D.; Cavallaro, M.; Di Pietro, A.; Fernandez-Garcia, J.P.; Figuera, P.; Fisichella, M. [Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN, Catania (Italy); Foti, A. [Universita di Catania, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Catania (Italy); INFN, Catania (Italy); Keeley, N. [National Centre for Nuclear Research, Otwock (Poland); Marquinez-Duran, G.; Martel, I. [Universidad de Huelva, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, Huelva (Spain); Mazzocco, M.; Strano, E.; Torresi, D. [Universita di Padova, Departimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Padova (Italy); INFN, Padova (Italy); Pierroutsakou, D. [INFN, Napoli (Italy); Rusek, K. [University of Warsaw, Heavy Ion Laboratory, Warsaw (Poland); Stiliaris, E. [University of Athens, Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications and Department of Physics, Athens (Greece)

2015-07-15

Angular distribution measurements were performed for the {sup 6}Li + p → {sup 3}He + {sup 4}He reaction in inverse kinematics at incident energies of 2.7, 3.3, 4.2 and 4.8 MeV/u. The detection of both recoils ({sup 3}He and {sup 4}He) over the laboratory angle range θ{sub lab} = 16 {sup circle} to 34 {sup circle} allowed the determination of the angular distribution over a wide angular range in the center-of-mass frame (θ{sub c.m.} ∝ 40 {sup circle} to 140 {sup circle}). The results clarify inconsistencies between existing data sets and are consistent with compound nucleus model calculations. (orig.)

The breakup of 16O into He, an event by event study of nucleus-nucleus collisions at 75, 175 and 2000 A MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bjarle, C.; Herrstroem, N-Y.; Kullberg, R.; Oskarsson, A.; Otterlund, I.

1981-09-01

An event by event study of the breakup of the 16 O in 16 O+emulsion nucleus interactions at 75, 175 and 2000 A MeV is presented. The events are categorized according to their multiplicity of projectile He nuclei. The multiplicity depends on the degree of target destruction. Although the fragmentation model describes the gross features of inclusive He-spectra, an event by event study reveals deviations from the model. The momenta of the He nuclei, emitted from the projectile, depend on helium multiplicity and the breakup properties of the target nucleus. The probability that the 16 O projectile breaks up into multiple He fragments is larger at 75 A MeV than at 2000 A MeV. At 75 A MeV the mean velocity of projectile He is on the average 0.06c below the projectile velocity. This recoil velocity depends on the target nucleus destruction also for the most peripheral collisions. (Auth.)

Estimation of admixture of twelve quark bag state in sup 4 He nucleus

CERN Document Server

Mosallem, A M

2002-01-01

The p sup 4 He elastic scattering at the energy range from 0.695 to 393 GeV is analyzed in the framework of the Glauber theory. The Glauber amplitudes were evaluated using isospin-averaged nucleon-nucleon amplitudes and the sup 4 He wave function as a superposition of the Gaussian functions. The values of the calculated differential cross sections usually exceed the experimental ones. In order to overcome the discrepancy, it is assumed following to the paper by L. G. Dakno and N. N. Nikolaev that the ground state wave function of sup 4 He has an admixture of a twelve quark bag. Neglecting all transition amplitudes, the p - 12q bag scattering amplitude was chosen in a simple Gaussian form.The inclusion of the 12q bag leads to decreasing the p sup 4 He differential cross section and to a shift of the dip position to a large values of t what is needed for a successful description of the experimental data. While fitting the data it is found that the weight of the 12q bag state in the ground state of the sup 4 He ...

Hadronic Multi-Particle Final State Measurements with CLAS at Jefferson Lab

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Will Brooks

2002-01-01

Precision measurements in the neutrino sector are becoming increasingly feasible due to the development of relatively high-rate experimental capabilities. These important developments command renewed attention to the systematic corrections needed to interpret the data. Hadronic multi-particle final state measurements made using CLAS at Jefferson Lab, together with a broad theoretical effort that links electro-nucleus and neutrino-nucleus data, will address this problem, and will elucidate long-standing problems in intermediate energy nuclear physics. This new work will ultimately enable precision determinations of fundamental quantities such as the neutrino mixing matrix elements in detailed studies of neutrino oscillations

Observation of the antimatter helium-4 nucleus.

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-19

High-energy nuclear collisions create an energy density similar to that of the Universe microseconds after the Big Bang; in both cases, matter and antimatter are formed with comparable abundance. However, the relatively short-lived expansion in nuclear collisions allows antimatter to decouple quickly from matter, and avoid annihilation. Thus, a high-energy accelerator of heavy nuclei provides an efficient means of producing and studying antimatter. The antimatter helium-4 nucleus (4He), also known as the anti-α (α), consists of two antiprotons and two antineutrons (baryon number B = -4). It has not been observed previously, although the α-particle was identified a century ago by Rutherford and is present in cosmic radiation at the ten per cent level. Antimatter nuclei with B antimatter nuclei and a benchmark for possible future observations of 4He in cosmic radiation.

Multi-particle Emission from $^{31}$Ar at ISOLDE

CERN Document Server

Marroquin, I; Ciemny, A A; de Witte, H; Fraile, L M; Fynbo, H O U; Garzón-Camacho, A; Howard, A; Johansson, H; Jonson, B; Kirsebom, O S; Koldste, G T; Lica, R; Lund, M V; Madurga, M; Mazzocchi, C; Mihai, C; Munch, M; Nae, S A; Nacher, E; Negret, A; Nilsson, T; Perea, A; Refsgaard, J; Riisager, K; Rapisarda, E; Sotty, C; Stanoiu, M; Tengblad, O; Turturica, A E; Vedia, M V

2016-01-01

A multi-particle decay experiment was successfully performed at the ISOLDE Decay Station. In this new permanent station, devoted to\\break $\\beta$-decay studies, the novel MAGISOL Si-Plugin Chamber was installed to study the exotic decay modes of the proton drip-line nucleus ${^{31}}$Ar. The motivation was to search for $\\beta3p$ and $\\beta3p\\gamma$ channels, as well as to provide information on resonances in ${^{30}}$S and ${^{29}}$P relevant for the astrophysical\\break rp-process. Description of the experimental set-up and preliminary results are presented.

Magnetic Resonances in the Electroexcitation of the 26Mg Nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goncharova, N.G.; Pronkina, N.D.

2005-01-01

On the basis of spectroscopic information about direct pickup reactions, the multipole magnetic resonances M2, M4, and M6 of the 26 Mg nucleus are calculated within the particle-core coupling version of the multiparticle shell model. The excitation-energy distribution of the form factors for the multipole magnetic 1(ℎ/2π)ω resonances is obtained for momentum transfers to a nucleus up to 2 fm -1 . A comparison of the results of the calculations for the M6 form factors with corresponding experimental data confirms that the adopted model approximations are realistic

Momentum characteristics of spectators in fragmentation of 4He nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Glagolev, V.V.; Lebedev, R.M.; Strel'tsov, V.N.

1985-01-01

Some characteristics of 2 H, 3 H, 3 He fragments from 4 Hep interaction at 8.6 GeV/c have been studied. A numerical procedure, based on Monte-Carlo method, for getting the wave function of relative motion of nucleons or groups of nucleons in nucleus is proposed to describe the fragment momentum spectra and the asymmetry in Treiman-Yang angle distribution. The agreement between computed and experimental results is sufficient if one takes into account the experimental errors and the nucleus binding energy

The elastic scattering of K-mesons on the 4He nucleus in the complex momenta theory for the energy region (20-100) GeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grigoryan, L.A.; Shakhbazyan, V.A.

1976-01-01

Determined are differential cross sections for K meson elastic scattering on a 4 He nucleus for the energies of an incident particle equal to 30 and 50 GeV, the total cross section in the range from 10 to 10 3 GeV and the di(GeV/c) 2 versus energy in the range 10-100 GeV. The calculation is carried out with the eikonal and quasieikonal models of the complex moment theory. The effects of inelastic screening are shown to be very essential

Study of charge symmetry in 4He by simultaneous 4He(e,e'p)3H and 4He(e,e'n)3He measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spahn, M.; Kihm, T.; Knopfle, K.T.; Friedrich, J.; Voegler, N.; Schmitt, C.; Walther, V.H.; Unkelbach, M.; Hofmann, H.M.

1989-01-01

We have measured the ( 3 H+p) and ( 3 He+n) breakup of 4 He by 4 He(e,e'c) coincidence experiments at low momentum transfer (q∼0.39 fm -1 ) in the excitation energy region 22≤E x ≤36 MeV. Both channels were studied simultaneously by detecting the charged fragments c=p, 3 H, and 3 He in the same detector system. The measured 4 He(e,e'p) 3 H and 4 He(e,e'n) 3 He angular correlations as well as the deduced total 4 He(e,e'p) 3 H and 4 He(e,e'n) 3 He cross sections are reproduced by microscopic model calculations with a charge-symmetric nuclear Hamiltonian

Inelasticity in hadron-nucleus collisions in the geometrical two-chain model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wibig, T.; Sobczynska, D.

1995-01-01

Two features of great importance registered in experiments on hadron-nucleus collisions are the decreased inelasticity and multiplicity in intranucleus collisions. In this paper we show that such behaviour is a natural consequence of the geometrical two-chain model of multi-particle production processes: only the forward-going chain can undergo secondary interactions in the nucleus. A quantitative comparison with the data is presented. (author)

Discontinuity formulas for multiparticle amplitudes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stapp, H.P.

1976-03-01

It is shown how discontinuity formulas for multiparticle scattering amplitudes are derived from unitarity and analyticity. The assumed analyticity property is the normal analytic structure, which was shown to be equivalent to the space-time macrocausality condition. The discontinuity formulas to be derived are the basis of multi-particle fixed-t dispersion relations

What can we learn from high-energy hadron-nucleus interactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tow, D.M.

1979-12-01

High-energy hadron-nucleus (hA) collisions provide the exciting possibility of giving information about the spacetime development of hadron-hadron interactions and therefore differentiating various multiparticle production models. Some of the major developments in this field during the past decade, both experimentally and theoretically are reviewed. Several general features of the data are pointed out, and several classes of models are discussed. A recently proposed simple spacetime model for high-energy hA collisions is elaborated. Comments are made on the extension to nucleus-nucleus interactions and the future outlook

Analysis of the reaction 3He + p → p + p + d at 2,5 GeV/c 3He nucleus momentum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blinov, A.V.; Chuvilo, I.V.; Drobot, V.V.

1984-01-01

The experimental data on the reaction 3 He+p → p+p+d obtained by the exposition of an 80 cm liquid hydrogen bubble chamber to the 3 He nucleus beam at 2.5 GeV/c momentum are considered. The angular, momentum and invariant mass distributions, which have been measured, are compared with theoretical calculations performed using the pole model. On the whole a satisfactory agreement between theoretical and experimental data is found in the kinematical region, where pd- rescattering effects are negligible. It is concluded, that 3 He nuclear wave function calculated by means of nonrelativistic potential models falls too sharply with the spectator momenta as compared with the data

Separability criteria for genuine multiparticle entanglement

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Guhne, O.; Seevinck, M.P.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/304847399

2010-01-01

We present a method to derive separability criteria for different classes of multiparticle entanglement, especially genuine multiparticle entanglement. The resulting criteria are necessary and sufficient for certain families of states. This, for example, completely solves the problem of classifying

Separability Criteria for Genuine Multiparticle Entanglement

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Guehne, O.; Seevinck, M.P.

2010-01-01

We present a method to derive separability criteria for different classes of multiparticle entanglement, especially genuine multiparticle entanglement. The resulting criteria are necessary and sufficient for certain families of states. This, for example, completely solves the problem of classifying

Attractive well of He--He from 3He--4He differential elastic scattering measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burgmans, A.L.J.; Farrar, J.M.; Lee, Y.T.

1976-01-01

The elastic differential cross section for 3 He-- 4 He was measured at a relative collision energy of 0.799x10 -14 erg, approximately five times the well depth. The data are fitted to a multiparameter potential form with epsilon/k=10.57 degreeK and r/subm/=2.97 A. Comparisons with recent experimental and theoretical helium potentials are made. No evidence for a significant isotope effect in the 3 He-- 4 He and 4 He-- 4 He interactomic potentials is found in this work

Dimerization of 3He in 3He-4He mixture films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashkin, E.

1994-01-01

3 He atoms dissolved in superfluid 4 He may form dimers ( 3 He) 2 in two-dimensional geometries. Dimer formation is studied in films of dilute 3 He- 4 He mixture. After designing a schematic 3 He- 3 He interaction potential, the dimer binding energy is calculated for various substrates. It is shown that 3 He impurity states localized near the substrate give rise to the highest magnitudes of the binding energy. (author). 32 refs., 6 figs.,; 1 tab

Bound states of 3He in 3He-4He mixture films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bashkin, E.; Pavloff, N.; Treiner, J.

1995-01-01

3 He atoms dissolved in superfluid 4 He may form dimers ( 3 He) 2 in two-dimensional (2D) geometries. We study dimer formation in films of dilute 3 He- 4 He mixture. After designing a schematic 3 He- 4 He interaction potential we calculate the dimer binding energy for various substrates. It is shown that 3 He impurity states localized near the substrate give rise to the largest magnitudes of the binding energies

Observation of the Rotational Spectra of 4HeH+, 4HeD+, 3HeH+, and 3HeD+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsushima, F.; Oka, T.; Takagi, K.

1997-01-01

Low J rotational transitions of 4 HeH + , 4 HeD + , 3 HeH + , and 3 HeD + were observed in the 2 endash 5THz region with a high-precision far-infrared spectrometer. Dunham coefficients Y kl and isotopically independent parameters U kl , Δ He kl , and Δ H kl were determined. In particular, Δ parameters with k=0 and l=1,2 were determined with unprecedented accuracy, and provide important information for breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The lowest J=1 left-arrow 0 transition of 4 HeH + observed at 2010.1839(2)GHz will be an important future probe for detecting this species in space. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Specific heat of 4He and 3He--4He mixtures at their lambda transition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gasparini, F.M.; Moldover, M.R.

1975-01-01

We have measured the specific heat near the lambda transition of pure 4 He and of five 3 He-- 4 He mixtures up to a mole fraction of 0.39 3 He in 4 He. Our data for 4 He confirm the results of Ahlers revealing an asymmetry in the exponents above and below T/sub lambda/ when the specific heat is represented by a simple-power-law temperature dependence. Our results for these exponents (α = 0.012 plus-or-minus 0.002 and α' = -0.012 plus-or-minus 0.004) differ somewhat from Ahlers's. Our results can be reconciled with the requirement of scaling (α = α') only by supposing substantial contributions to C/sub p/ are made by singular correction terms to a simple power law. The measured specific heat of the mixtures richest in 3 He appears to be finite, continuous, and cusped at the lambda line. These qualitative features have been termed ''renormalization'' by Fisher. An analysis of our mixture data with a power-law temperature dependence does not yield a fully renormalized exponent, but rather an effective exponent. Derivatives at the lambda line were used to calculate the specific heat along paths of constant pressure and constant relative chemical potential.This specific heat behaves very much like C/sub p/ of pure 4 He, this behavior supporting the idea of universality for the specific-heat exponents. It is also true that the same asymmetry in the branches above and below T/sub lambda/ which is []bserved in pure 4 He is retained in the mixtures. The persistence of the asymmetry of C/subp//sub phi/ as one moves along the lambda line towards increasing 3 He concentration (at the saturated vapor pressure of the mixtures) is analogous to the persistence of the asymmetry of C/subp/ as one moves along the lambda line towards increasing pressure in pure 4 He

Models of multiparticle production of the eikonal type

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinis, M.

1974-01-01

A survey of eikonal type models for multiparticle production is given. Empirical rules concerning the nature of multiparticle reactions are outlined. A discussion involving kinematics and cross sections for inclusive processes is presented. The constraints of multiparticle unitarity are considered to be of great importance in eikonal models for multiproduction at high energy. (HFdV)

Multiparticle dynamics 1997: Concluding talk

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bjorken, J.D.

1997-11-01

This contribution to the XXVII Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics held in Frascati, Italy, September, 1997 consists of the following subject matter: (1) introductory generalities; (2) brief mention of some of the contributions to the meeting; (3) more extended discussion of a few specialized topics; (4) discussion of the FELIX initiative for a QCD detector at the LHC.

Multiparticle dynamics 1997: Concluding talk

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bjorken, J.D.

1997-11-01

This contribution to the XXVII Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics held in Frascati, Italy, September, 1997 consists of the following subject matter: (1) introductory generalities; (2) brief mention of some of the contributions to the meeting; (3) more extended discussion of a few specialized topics; (4) discussion of the FELIX initiative for a QCD detector at the LHC

Influence of neutron halo in the interaction of {sup 6}He nucleus of 35 MeV/nucleon with {sup 197}Au and {sup 238}U; Influence du halo de neutrons dans l`interaction du noyau {sup 6}He de 35 MeV/nucleon avec {sup 197}Au et {sup 238}U

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perier, Yann [Grand Accelerateur National d`Ions Lourds (GANIL), 14 - Caen (France)

1997-10-27

In this study, we have attempted to answer some of the questions still open concerning neutron halo nuclei. The interest of the latter lies in their very peculiar structure. The analysis of the kinematical features of the halo nucleus fragments originating from the dissociation following the interaction with a target nucleus is an essential tool for probing this structure. We studied the {sup 6}He + Au, U at 35 A.MeV system with a new method. Simultaneous measurements of the halo nucleus core, the halo neutrons and the excitation energy deposited in the target nucleus assessed with ORION allowed us to obtain information about the formation of the {sup 5}He nucleus and about the partial validity of the sudden approximation at moderate bombarding energy. The study of the core nucleus and neutron angular distributions confirmed that it is difficult to extract information on the internal structure at the halo neutrons from their widths. The halo neutron longitudinal momentum distributions were studied. Their widths were found to increase as the impact parameter decreases. The {sup 4}He - core parallel momentum distributions were also investigated. The widths are weakly dependent on the excitation energy deposited in the target nucleus, but increase with the {sup 4}He emission angle as for the halo neutrons. The ratio between one- and two-neutron stripping cross sections seems to indicate that the two halo neutrons are strongly correlated with a large dineutron component, as ascertained by a calculation in the framework of the Serber model. (author) 84 refs., 98 figs., 17 tabs.

Recent Results on Multi-Particle Azimuthal Correlations in High-Multiplicity pp and pPb Collisions in CMS

CERN Document Server

Bernardes, Cesar Augusto

2017-01-01

In nucleus-nucleus collisions, the Quark-Gluon Plasma behaves like a perfect fluid and the azimuthal anisotropy of the observed particle final-state distributions reflects its properties. This anisotropic flow, arising mainly from initial-state geometry and its fluctuations, highlights the collective behavior of the particles produced in the collision. It is well-described by hydrodynamics and explains the long-range near-side correlations, known as the ridge, observed experimentally in AA collisions and, more recently, in small systems such as pp or pA collisions. The CMS experiment has studied this correlation in details by extracting the momenta of the Fourier decomposition of azimuthal particle-distribution in the final state ($v_{\\mathrm{n}}$, n = 2 - 4). The $v_{\\mathrm{n}}$ are extracted using di-hadron correlation and multi-particle cumulant methods in both pp and pPb collisions. In this talk, results from CMS on the ridge in small systems are shown and compared with those in PbPb collisions, demonstr...

Study of Λ-production in central nucleus-nucleus interactions at the momentum of 4.6 GeV/c per incident nucleon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anikina, M.; Golokhvastov, A.; Goncharova, L.

1983-01-01

Transverse momenta and rapidities of Λ particles produced in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at 4.5 GeV/c per nucleon (cC, CNe, ONe, CCu, CZr, CPb, OPb) have been studied and compared with those from ineiolastic He-Li interactns at the same incident momentum. Polarization of Λ hyperons was found to be consistent (within the errors) with zero (αP=-0.06+-0.11) for 224 Λ particles from central collisions. The upper limit of anti Λ/Λ production ratio was estimated to be less than 10 -2 at a 90% confidence level. The analyzed experimental data were obtained using the triggered 2 m streamer spectrometer SKM-200

Combined He3 cryostats and He3-He4 dilution refrigerators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovac, L.; Balla, J.

1974-07-01

A modular set of equipment was designed, which consists of a 4 He Dewar vessel with a very low evaporation rate, having a pumped 4 He bath in which either a 3 He cryostat or a dilution refrigerator within removable inserts can be placed. Any of them can be simply and rapidly connected to the versatile Dewar, auxiliary 4 He-, vacuum; and 3 He- 4 He systems. Two such sets have already been completed and can be used at temperatures from 1.5K to 0.05K for thermodynamic and neutron diffraction measurements. The performance of all inserts was stable and reliable, differences between the cryostats and runs were small - nearly all within the accuracy of temperature determination. The construction of a lot of parts is identical, allowing rapid manufacture. Assembling and repairs are simple, all parts are easily accessible. (K.A.)

Structure of the 8He exotic nucleus by the direct reactions 8He(p, p')8He, 8He(p,d)7He and 8He(p,t)6He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skaza, Flore

2004-01-01

The elastic and inelastic scattering of an 8 He beam on a proton target have been measured at GANIL. The first 8 He beam produced by the SPIRAL facility at an energy of 15.6 A.MeV impinged on a proton target. The experimental setup was composed by the eight telescopes MUST array dedicated to the measure of the light charged particles, by a scintillator plastic wall for the detection of heavy projectile, and by two beam tracking detectors CATS for the measure event by event of the incident position and angle of the beam on the target. This setup allowed also to measure the one and two neutron transfer reactions 8 He(p,d) 7 He and 8 He(p,t) 6 He. The excitation energy spectrum for 6,7,8 He and the angular distributions associated to each reaction have been measured. The observed excited states are in agreement with the data of the literature. We indicate the presence of a first excited state for 7 He at 0.9 MeV and we give for the first time the position of a second excited state in 8 He at 5.4 MeV; the presence of such state was just suggested in a previous experiment. CCBA calculations allowed to extract a spectroscopic factor of 4.4 ± 1.4 for the pick-up of one neutron from 8 He to 7 He. This value is in agreement with a closed p3/2 sub-shell for 8 He. To analyse the angular distributions for elastic and inelastic scattering, it was necessary to take into account in the formalism used to describe the reactions, via coupled channels reactions calculations, the couplings to the one neutron transfer reaction. (author) [fr

Large-space cluster model calculations for the 3He(3He,2p)4He and 3H(3H,2n)4He reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Csoto, Attila; Langanke, Karlheinz

1999-01-01

The 3 He( 3 He, 2p) 4 He and 3 H( 3 H, 2n) 4 He reactions are studied in a microscopic cluster model. We search for resonances in the 3 He+ 3 He and 4 He + p + p channels using methods that treat the two- and three-body resonance asymptotics correctly. Our results show that the existence of a low-energy resonance or virtual state, which could influence the 7 Be and 8 B solar neutrino fluxes, is rather unlikely. Our calculated 3 He( 3 He, 2p) 4 He and 3 H( 3 H, 2n) 4 He cross sections are in a good general agreement with the experimental data

Multi-particle excitations in the superdeformed {sup 149}Gd nucleus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flibotte, S. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires]|[Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada)]|[AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Hackman, G. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada); Ragnarsson, I. [Department of Mathematical Physics, Lund institute of Technology, Box 118 S-221, Lund (Sweden); Theisen, C. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Andrews, H.R. [AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Ball, G.C. [AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Beausang, C.W. [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX (United Kingdom); Beck, F.A. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Belier, G. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Bentley, M.A. [Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent (United Kingdom); Byrski, T. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Curien, D. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; France, G. de [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Disdier, D. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Duchene, G. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Haas, B. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Haslip, D.S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada); Janzen, V.P. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada)]|[AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Jones, P.M. [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX (United Kingdom); Kharraja, B.

1995-02-20

Six rotational bands built on superdeformed intrinsic configurations have been observed in the {sup 149}Gd nucleus with the Eurogam spectrometer. Orbital configuration assignments have been suggested on the basis of their effective alignments calculated with the Nilsson-Strutinsky cranking model. Most of the excited bands have identical partners in neighboring nuclei including one case differing by four mass units. Measurements of feeding patterns indicate that the {sup 149}Gd yrast superdeformed band is fed over a wider range of angular momentum than other yrast superdeformed bands in this mass region whereas weaker excited bands in the same nucleus are populated in narrower spin windows. ((orig.))

Space-time aspects of hadronic cascading in lepton nucleus scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gyulassy, M.; Pluemer, M.

1989-05-01

A Monte Carlo model of hadronic cascading in inelastic lepton nucleus scattering is constructed to investigate space-time scenarios consistent with the momentum space description of string models of multiparticle production. The prospects for resolving the ambiguity inherent in the definition of a formation length for composite hadrons are emphasized. 15 refs., 13 figs

Probing the 8He ground state via the 8He(p,t)6He reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keeley, N.; Skaza, F.; Lapoux, V.; Alamanos, N.; Auger, F.; Beaumel, D.; Becheva, E.; Blumenfeld, Y.; Delaunay, F.; Drouart, A.; Gillibert, A.; Giot, L.; Kemper, K.W.; Nalpas, L.; Pakou, A.; Pollacco, E.C.; Raabe, R.; Roussel-Chomaz, P.; Rusek, K.; Scarpaci, J.-A.; Sida, J.-L.; Stepantsov, S.; Wolski, R.

2007-01-01

The weakly-bound 8 He nucleus exhibits a neutron halo or thick neutron skin and is generally considered to have an α+4n structure in its ground state, with the four valence neutrons each occupying 1p 3/2 states outside the α core. The 8 He(p,t) 6 He reaction is a sensitive probe of the ground state structure of 8 He, and we present a consistent analysis of new and existing data for this reaction at incident energies of 15.7 and 61.3A MeV, respectively. Our results are incompatible with the usual assumption of a pure (1p 3/2 ) 4 structure and suggest that other configurations such as (1p 3/2 ) 2 (1p 1/2 ) 2 may be present with significant probability in the ground state wave function of 8 He

Superfluidity of a dilute 3He-4He solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soda, Toshio

1993-01-01

The interaction between two 3 He atoms is calculated by taking into account the backflow effect of 3 He by the 4 He in the 3 He- 4 He mixture. The effect contributes solely to the P wave part of the interaction. The repulsive S wave part of the contact interaction contributes to the exchange interaction between the 3 He atoms, while the direct one phonon exchange interaction contributes both to the S and P wave attractive interactions. The overall contribution to the attractive interaction is dominated by the P wave part and the superfluidity in the P wave is more predominant than in the S wave for the 5 % dilute 3 He- 4 He solution, and vice versa for the 1.3 % solution. (author)

Mobility of ions trapped on vortex lines in pure 4He and 3He--4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ostermeier, R.M.; Glaberson, W.I.

1976-01-01

Measurements have been made of the mobility of positive and negative ions trapped on vortex lines in pure 4 He and dilute 3 He-- 4 He solutions over the temperature range 1.6 greater than T greater than 0.3 K. In pure 4 He below about 0.7 K, several new effects not seen at higher temperatures are observed and are not easily explained with existing theories. Most notable are an enhanced broadening of the ion pulse and a rapid increase in the mobility with decreasing temperature. Measurements of the electric field dependence of the drift velocity in pure 4 He at low temperatures show a limiting velocity for sufficiently large fields. This behavior can be explained using a simple resonance theory. The inverse mobility data for solutions show sharp increases at certain critical temperatures, which are interpreted as being associated with the condensation of 3 He atoms onto the vortex cores. The dependence of the critical temperature on the bulk 3 He concentration is found to be in good agreement with a simple condensation theory. An extension of arguments used in this theory to lower temperatures leads to the picture of a 3 He-rich core growing with decreasing temperature, consistent with our lower temperature experimental data

Effective-energy budget in multiparticle production in nuclear collisions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mishra, Aditya Nath; Sahoo, Raghunath [Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Discipline of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Indore (India); Sarkisyan, Edward K.G. [CERN, Department of Physics, Geneva 23 (Switzerland); The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, Arlington, TX (United States); Sakharov, Alexander S. [CERN, Department of Physics, Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Kyungpook National University, Department of Physics, Daegu (Korea, Republic of)

2014-11-15

The dependencies of charged particle pseudorapidity density and transverse energy pseudorapidity density at midrapidity on the collision energy and on the number of nucleon participants, or centrality, measured in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied in the energy range spanning a few GeV to a few TeV per nucleon. The approach in which the multiparticle production is driven by the dissipating effective energy of participants is introduced. This approach is based on the earlier proposed consideration, combining the constituent quark picture together with Landau relativistic hydrodynamics shown to interrelate the measurements from different types of collisions. Within this picture, the dependence on the number of participants in heavy-ion collisions are found to be well described in terms of the effective energy defined as a centrality-dependent fraction of the collision energy. For both variables under study, the effective-energy approach reveals a similarity in the energy dependence obtained for the most central collisions and centrality data in the entire available energy range. Predictions are made for the investigated dependencies for the forthcoming higher-energy measurements in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. (orig.)

Effective-energy budget in multiparticle production in nuclear collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mishra, Aditya Nath; Sahoo, Raghunath; Sarkisyan, Edward K.G.; Sakharov, Alexander S.

2014-01-01

The dependencies of charged particle pseudorapidity density and transverse energy pseudorapidity density at midrapidity on the collision energy and on the number of nucleon participants, or centrality, measured in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied in the energy range spanning a few GeV to a few TeV per nucleon. The approach in which the multiparticle production is driven by the dissipating effective energy of participants is introduced. This approach is based on the earlier proposed consideration, combining the constituent quark picture together with Landau relativistic hydrodynamics shown to interrelate the measurements from different types of collisions. Within this picture, the dependence on the number of participants in heavy-ion collisions are found to be well described in terms of the effective energy defined as a centrality-dependent fraction of the collision energy. For both variables under study, the effective-energy approach reveals a similarity in the energy dependence obtained for the most central collisions and centrality data in the entire available energy range. Predictions are made for the investigated dependencies for the forthcoming higher-energy measurements in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. (orig.)

Specific-heat measurements on dilute 3He-4He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeeuw, H.C.M. van der.

1985-01-01

The author measured the specific heat of dilute 3 He- 4 He mixtures in the concentration range from X = 1 x 10 -3 to X = 3 x 10 -3 and in the temperature range from 100 mK to 600 mK. This has been done by means of a thermal relaxation method. This method provides some interesting features and is applied, to our knowledge, for the first time to dilute 3 He- 4 He mixtures. To reach the required temperature range for our experiments a 4 He circulating 3 He- 4 He dilution refrigerator has been constructed. The results confirm the deviation of the 3 He contribution to the specific heat from the ideal Fermi gas behaviour. (Auth.)

Relativistic quantum transport theory approach to multiparticle production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carruthers, P.; Zachariasen, F.

1976-01-01

The field-theoretic description of multiparticle production processes is cast in a form analogous to ordinary transport theory. Inclusive differential cross sections are shown to be given by integrals of covariant phase-space distributions. The single-particle distribution function F (p, R) is defined as the Fourier transform of a suitable correlation function in analogy with the nonrelativistic (Wigner) phase-space distribution function. Its transform F (p, q) is observed to be essentially the discontinuity of a multiparticle scattering amplitude. External-field problems are studied to exhibit the physical content of the formalism. When q = 0 one recovers the single-particle distribution exactly. The equation of motion for F (p, R) generates an infinite hierarchy of coupled equations for various distribution functions. In the Hartree approximation one obtains nonlinear integral equations analogous to the Vlasov equation in plasma physics. Such equations are convenient for exhibiting collective motions; in particular it appears that a collective mode exists in a phi 4 theory for a uniform infinite medium. It is speculated that such collective modes could provide a theoretical basis for clustering effects in multiparticle production

Thermodynamic properties of 3He--4He mixtures near Tlambda

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kakizaki, A.; Satoh, T.

1976-01-01

In order to investigate 3 He impurity effects on the superfluid transition, measurements were made on the thermodynamic quantities, specific heat, thermal expansion coefficients, and pressure dependence of the lambda-transition temperature of three 3 He-- 4 He mixtures and pure 4 He in the neighborhood of the lambda-transition temperature under their saturated vapor pressure. Making use of these measured quantities, it is shown that the so-called Pippard--Buckingham--Fairbank relation holds for 3 He-- 4 He mixtures as well as for pure 4 He, at least in the temperature region of 10 -4 K less than or equal to absolute value (T - T/sub lambda/) less than or equal to 10 -2 K. Based on this, the 3 He impurity effects on the behavior of the specific heat near the lambda-transition are discussed

Superfluid 3He dynamcs in 3He - 4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mejerovich, A.Eh.

1984-01-01

The dynamics of a 3 He- 4 He superfluid solution with two condensates ( 3 He and 4 He) is investigated. Despite the fact that the hydrodynamics of the system is a three-velocity one (two superfluid and one normal velocity), all the thermo- and hydrodynamic functions are determined by the value of only a single linear combination of the velocities. 0n the basis of an analogy between a moving solution and a BCS system with coupling with a non-zero momentum, the dependence of the thermodynamic quantities on the velocities and critical velocities can easily be calculated for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous phases of the solution. In a magnetic field the temperature oscillations (analogue of second sound for a superfluid solution) are accompanied by oscillations of the magnetic moment. The velocity and damping of the spin-temperature waves are determined. The orienting action of a current on the inhomogeneous phases of the solution is discussed. It is shown that the energy and size of the vortexes in a superfluid solution are, due to drag effects, oscillating functions of the effective mass of the 3 He quasirartictes (pressure). At a pressure of the order of 10 atm a first order transition should take place in the vortex line which is accompanied by an abrupt change of the circulations of superfluid velocity of 3 He for a fixed circulation of the 4 He velocity

X-ray-induced thinning of 3He and 3He/4He mixture films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Penanen, Konstantin; Fukuto, Masafumi; Silvera, Isaac F.; Pershan, Peter

2000-01-01

Films of isotopic mixtures of helium have been studied using x-ray specular reflectivity techniques. In contrast with superfluid 4 He films, x-ray exposure causes a reduction in the thickness of 4 He films above the superfluid transition as well as films of pure 3 He and 3 He/ 4 He mixtures. One proposed model that could account for this effect is a charging model, in which thinning is caused by electrostatic pressure of free charges that accumulate on the helium surface. Unfortunately, this model is not fully consistent with all of the experimental observations. A localized heating model, in which indirect heating of the film causes it to thin would explain the data if there were dissipative film flow in the 3 He/ 4 He mixtures at temperatures where the bulk is superfluid. We argue that various published experimental results suggest such an effect. In this model, film thinning data for dilute 3 He/ 4 He films indicates dissipation that is linear in 3 He content of the film over two orders of magnitude

Resonances in η-light nucleus systems

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

We locate resonances in -light nucleus elastic scattering using the time delay method. We solve few-body equations within the finite rank approximation in order to calculate the -matrices and hence the time delay for the - 3He and - 4He systems. We find a resonance very close to the threshold in - 3 He elastic ...

CASTOR A Forward Detector for the Identification of Centauro and Strangelets in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at the LHC

CERN Document Server

Angelis, Aris L S; Bogolyubsky, M Yu; Filippov, S N; Gladysz-Dziadus, E; Kharlov, Yu V; Kurepin, A B; Maevskaya, A I; Mavromanolakis, G; Panagiotou, A D; Sadovsky, S A; Stefanski, P; Wlodarczyk, Z

2000-01-01

Presentation made at the XXVIIIth Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics, 6-11 September 1998, Delphi and published in World ScientificThe physics motivation for a very forward detector to be employed in heavy ion collisions at the CERN LHC is discussed. A phenomenological model describing the formation and decay of a Centauro fireball in nucleus-nucleus collisions is presented. The CASTOR detector which is aimed to measure the hadronic and photonic content of an interaction and to identify deeply penetrating objects in the very forward, baryon-rich phase space 5.6eta7.2 in an event-by-event mode is described. Results of simulations of the expected response of the calorimeter and, in particular, to the passage of strangelets, are presented.

Heat pulses in dilute 3He-4He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Husson, L.P.J.

1983-01-01

The propagation of heat pulses in dilute 3 He- 4 He mixtures under pressure along a tube, which is long compared to its diameter, is discussed. At high temperatures, where the excitations are in local equilibrium with one another, the propagation of heat pulses in the liquid is determined by the phenomenon of second sound, which is essentially a density wave in the excitation gas. The velocity and attenuation of second sound can be determined from the shape of the transmitted pulse. Measurements on the scattering and absorption of phonons are presented, together with a detailed description of the experimental technique and the electronic equipment. Measurements on the velocity and absorption of second sound are presented. From the results for the velocity of second sound in pure 4 He, values of the phonon and roton parameters are deduced. The velocity data in the mixtures have been used to calculate values of the effective mass of 3 He in superfluid 4 He. The results of these calculations have been compared with values of the effective mass obtained by other authors. The coefficient of second-sound absorption in pure 4 He is computed from theory, making use of the phonon and roton parameters calculated from the second-sound velocity data in pure 4 He. The experimental results on the scattering and absorption of phonons have been analysed. The empirical expressions for the scattering and absorption rates obtained from the diffusive phonon signals were compared with the results of the Baym-Ebner theory, and have also been used to calculate the coefficient of thermal conductivity in dilute 3 He- 4 He mixtures. (Auth.)

8He-6He: a comparative study of electromagnetic fragmentation reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meister, M.; Richter A.; Schrieder, G.; Simon, H.; Markenroth, K.; Jonson, B.; Nyman, G.; Zhukov, M.V.

2001-11-01

Dissociation of a 227 MeV/u 8 He beam in a lead target has been studied in a kinematically complete experiment. The results are compared with similar data from the well-known halo nucleus 6 He. Coulomb-nuclear interference in the inelastic channel gives evidence for a I π = 1 - resonance in 8 He at E x =4.15 MeV. The deduced B(E1) value of 0.38±0.07 e 2 fm 2 indicates a uniform distribution of the four neutrons around the α particle core. (orig.)

RGM calculation of scattering in 4He + 6Li system at Eα ≤ 30 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kozyr', Yu.E.

2005-01-01

One carried out the resonating-group method based calculations using the shell model results of the structural basis of two-particle channels with 2≤A≤8 clusters making possible to describe the experimental data on 6 Li(αα') inelastic scattering at E α = 29.4 MeV. The results within inelastic channels are formed almost without regard to d + 8 Be channels included in the calculation. The calculation overvalues significantly the elastic scattering cross sections, as well as the calculation grounded on the basis A ≤ 4 clusters. 6 Li → 2 H + 4 He direct break-down in the Coulomb field of 4 He incident nucleus may serve as a probable reason of divergences [ru

Kinetic energy of He atoms in liquid 4He-3He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Senesi, R.; Andreani, C.; Fielding, A.L.; Mayers, J.; Stirling, W.G.

2003-01-01

Deep inelastic neutron scattering measurements on liquid 3 He- 4 He mixtures in the normal phase have been performed on the VESUVIO spectrometer at the ISIS pulsed neutron source at exchanged wave vectors of about q≅120.0 A -1 . The neutron Compton profiles J(y) of the mixtures were measured along the T=1.96 K isotherm for 3 He concentrations, x, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 at saturated vapor pressures. Values of kinetic energies of 3 He and 4 He atoms as a function of x, (x), were extracted from the second moment of J(y). The present determinations of (x) confirm previous experimental findings for both isotopes and, in the case of 3 He, a substantial disagreement with theory is found. In particular (x) for the 3 He atoms is found to be independent of concentration yielding a value 3 (x=0.1)≅12 K, much lower than the value suggested by the most recent theoretical estimates of approximately 19 K

NMR and superfluidity of 3He in 3He-4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanova, K.D.; Mejerovich, A.Eh.

1986-01-01

Two possibilities of determining the superfluid transition temperature for 3 He in a 3 He- 4 He solution by the NMR technique are discussed. One of the methods consists in measuring the spin diffusion coefficient in weak magnetic fields at ultralow temperatures, and the other in measuring the ratio of the spin diffusion coefficient to the spin wave absorption coefficient at not very low temperatures. The transition temperature is estimated on the basis of the available experimental data. The effect of the superfluid transition in a system of 3 He quasiparticles on the propagation of transverse spin waves and longitudinal spin-sound oscillations in 3 He- 4 He solutions is studied. It is shown that there is a range of weak magnetic field intensities restricted from both sides in which the propagation of weakly damped spin-sound waves is possible

Observable off-shell effects and the Pauli principle in the reactions 4He+deuteron → 4He+deuteron and 4He+deuteron → 4He+neutron+proton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hahn, K.

1983-01-01

In the present thesis we have studied the system 4 He-neutron-proton. Starting from the microscopic three-cluster model of the resonating group method the Hamiltonian of the optical fish-bone model is defined for the three cluster centers which contains effects from the Pauli principle of the whole six-nucleon system. Beside this microscopically founded Hamiltonian a second, purely phenomenologically defined Hamiltonian is applied, which is only fixed by the phase shifts of the systems neutron-proton and 4 He-nucleon. Both Hamiltonians are phase equivalent in the subsystems, i.e. the scattering waves of the subsystems differ only in the near-range. A comparison of the three-particle scattering observables of both approaches at the incident energies Esub(d)sup(lab) = 7.5 and 12 MeV shows surprisingly strong off-shell effects in the system 4 He-neutron-proton, the order of magnitude of which exceeds both in the elastic and in the breakup case widely the experimental measurement uncertainty. It means that in our system the near-range of the subsystem scattering waves and by this the kind of the reduction of the six-nucleon problem to a three-body problem play an important role. Furthermore we can in the case of the elastic reaction 4 He + deuteron -> 4 He + deuteron for the differential cross sections and the spherical analyzing powers in angular ranges, where the neglected Coulomb interaction should have only little influence, prove, that the microscopically foundes Hamiltonian leads to results which are more realistic than in the case of the phenomenological model. (orig./HSI) [de

Analytical characterization of the genuine multiparticle negativity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofmann, Martin; Moroder, Tobias; Gühne, Otfried

2014-01-01

The genuine multiparticle negativity is a measure of genuine multiparticle entanglement which can be numerically calculated. We present several results of how this entanglement measure can be characterized in an analytical way. First, we show that with an appropriate normalization this measure can be seen as coming from a mixed convex roof construction. Based on this, we determine its value for n-qubit GHZ-diagonal states and four-qubit cluster-diagonal states. (paper)

Capture of ions by vortex lines in pure 4He and 3He--4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ostermeier, R.M.; Glaberson, W.I.

1975-01-01

Measurements of the capture cross section for the negative ion by vortex lines in pure 4 He and a 0.94 percent solution of 3 He in 4 He are presented. A measurable capture of positive ions was not observed in either system. In pure 4 He the departure of the experimental data from the predictions of stochastic theory at lower temperatures is explained in terms of a simple breakdown in that theory, and lifetime effects are shown to be of only secondary importance. The decrease in cross section with decreasing temperature, due essentially to a reduced number density of rotons, is predicted by the results of a Monte Carlo calculation. The cross section in the solution follows stochastic theory to significantly lower temperatures, but at about 1 K there again occurs a marked discrepancy. Measurements of the ion trapping lifetime at low temperatures indicate that it is the finite lifetime that accounts for this discrepancy. Elimination of lifetime effects results in fair agreement between the cross section data in the solution and the predictions of stochastic theory. (11 figures) (auth)

Spin waves at the liquid 3He-4He interface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heff, A.; Candela, D.; Edwards, D.O.; Kumar, S.

1987-01-01

The properties of various interfaces in helium and, in particular, the interface between liquid 3 He and a solution of 3 He in 4 He, may be studied using spin waves. Assuming no transverse relaxation, the boundary condition for the transverse magnetization contains one complex kinetic coefficient, b. For the normal 3 He to 3 He- 4 He interface, b is related to the 3 He quasi-particle transmission probability antiτ, which we estimate from a simple model. A calculation of the spin wave absorption spectrum for a typical geometry shows that b and antiτ may be measured by NMR. Neither b nor antiτ is greatly affected when the pure 3 He enters the A phase, but both are strongly reduced in the B phase

The intercalatus nucleus of Staderini.

Science.gov (United States)

Cascella, Marco

2016-01-01

Rutilio Staderini was one of the leading Italian anatomists of the twentieth century, together with some scientists, such as Giulio Chiarugi, Giovanni Vitali, and others. He was also a member of a new generation of anatomists. They had continued the tradition of the most famous Italian scientists, which started from the Renaissance up until the nineteenth century. Although he carried out important studies of neuroanatomy and comparative anatomy, as well as embryology, his name is rarely remembered by most medical historians. His name is linked to the nucleus he discovered: the Staderini nucleus or intercalated nucleus, a collection of nerve cells in the medulla oblongata located lateral to the hypoglossal nucleus. This article focuses on the biography of the neuroanatomist as well as the nucleus that carries his name and his other research, especially on comparative anatomy and embryology.

Measurement of charge- and mass-changing cross sections for 4He+12C collisions in the energy range 80-220 MeV/u for applications in ion beam therapy

Science.gov (United States)

Horst, Felix; Schuy, Christoph; Weber, Uli; Brinkmann, Kai-Thomas; Zink, Klemens

2017-08-01

4He ions are considered to be used for hadron radiotherapy due to their favorable physical and radiobiological properties. For an accurate dose calculation the fragmentation of the primary 4He ions occurring as a result of nuclear collisions must be taken into account. Therefore precise nuclear reaction models need to be implemented in the radiation transport codes used for dose calculation. A fragmentation experiment using thin graphite targets was conducted at the Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center (HIT) to obtain new and precise 4He-nucleus cross section data in the clinically relevant energy range. Measured values for the charge-changing cross section, mass-changing cross section, as well as the inclusive 3He production cross section for 4He+12C collisions at energies between 80 and 220 MeV /u are presented. These data are compared to the 4He-nucleus reaction model by DeVries and Peng as well as to the parametrizations by Tripathi et al. and by Cucinotta et al., which are implemented in the treatment planning code trip98 and several other radiation transport codes.

Characterizing quantum correlations. The genuine multiparticle negativity as entanglement monotone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofmann, Martin

2014-01-01

Multiparticle entanglement is a useful resource in quantum information processing. It is involved in some quantum key distribution protocols, quantum metrology and many other physical applications and phenomena and can be experimentally observed in various quantum systems. Having said this, its classification, detection and especially its quantification is quite challenging. To this day there exists no general mixed state measure for genuine multiparticle entanglement, which can be computed and analytically treated at the same time. In this thesis the analytical characterisation of genuine multiparticle entanglement in quantum systems using the computable genuine multiparticle negativity as entanglement measure is provided. Furthermore, the notion of stabiliser states, which are families of symmetric genuine multiparticle entangled states, is generalised and a useful method to exploit local symmetries to speed up the computation of the investigated entanglement measure is provided. In the first part, after a short introduction, the genuine multiparticle negativity, which is defined as an optimisation problem known as semidefinite programming problem, is investigated. It is discussed, how this entanglement measure can be characterised in an analytical way. First, it is shown that the genuine multiparticle negativity with an appropriate renormalisation can be considered as coming from a mixed convex roof construction. Using this result, its analytical value for generalised n-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilingerdiagonal states and four-qubit cluster-diagonal states is determined. In the second part of this thesis, the genuine multiparticle negativity is used to study the scaling and spatial distribution of genuine multiparticle entanglement in three- and four-spin reduced states of a onedimensional spin model at its quantum phase transition. At the quantum phase transition of the one dimensional XY -model, which can be studied with analytic rigour, a logarithmic

A systematics of optical model compound nucleus formation cross sections for neutrons, proton, deuteron, 3He and alpha particle incidents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murata, Toru

2000-01-01

Simple formulae to reproduce the optical model compound nucleus formation cross sections for neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, 3 He and alpha particles are presented for target nuclei of light to medium weight mass region. (author)

Hard breakup of two nucleons from the 3He nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sargsian, Misak M.; Granados, Carlos

2009-01-01

We investigate a large angle photodisintegration of two nucleons from the 3 He nucleus within the framework of the hard rescattering model (HRM). In the HRM a quark of one nucleon knocked out by an incoming photon rescatters with a quark of the other nucleon leading to the production of two nucleons with large relative momentum. Assuming the dominance of the quark-interchange mechanism in a hard nucleon-nucleon scattering, the HRM allows the expression of the amplitude of a two-nucleon breakup reaction through the convolution of photon-quark scattering, NN hard scattering amplitude, and nuclear spectral function, which can be calculated using a nonrelativistic 3 He wave function. The photon-quark scattering amplitude can be explicitly calculated in the high energy regime, whereas for NN scattering one uses the fit of the available experimental data. The HRM predicts several specific features for the hard breakup reaction. First, the cross section will approximately scale as s -11 . Second, the s 11 weighted cross section will have the shape of energy dependence similar to that of s 10 weighted NN elastic scattering cross section. Also one predicts an enhancement of the pp breakup relative to the pn breakup cross section as compared to the results from low energy kinematics. Another result is the prediction of different spectator momentum dependencies of pp and pn breakup cross sections. This is due to the fact that the same-helicity pp-component is strongly suppressed in the ground state wave function of 3 He. Because of this suppression the HRM predicts significantly different asymmetries for the cross section of polarization transfer NN breakup reactions for circularly polarized photons. For the pp breakup this asymmetry is predicted to be zero while for the pn it is close to (2/3).

Annihilation of antiprotons at rest in 3He and 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balestra, F.; Bossolasco, S.; Bussa, M.P.; Busso, L.; Fava, L.; Ferrero, L.; Panzieri, D.; Piragino, G.; Tosello, F.; Bendiscioli, G.; Rotondi, R.; Salvini, P.; Zenoni, A.; Batusov, Y.A.; Bunyatov, S.A.; Falomkin, I.V.; Nichitiu, F.; Pontecorvo, G.B.; Sapozhnikov, M.G.; Tretyak, V.I.; Guaraldo, C.; Maggiora, A.; Haatuft, A.; Halsteinslid, A.; Myklebost, K.; Olsen, J.M.; Breivik, F.O.; Jacobsen, T.; Sorensen, S.O.

1987-01-01

At LEAR of CERN the annihilation of antiprotons stopping in 3 He and 4 He filling a self shunted streamer chamber in magnetic field has been studied. The relative probabilities of π - production in anti p 3 He and anti p 4 He annihilation events have been obtained. The ratio between the anti p annihilation probability on the neutron and on the proton for 3 He and 4 He has been deduced to be about half the value obtained for 2 H in bubble chamber experiments. The analysis of the results shows this difference cannot be ascribed only to the pion final state interaction or to the shadow effect of the nucleons in the nuclei. 9 refs.; 2 figs

3He flow in dilute 3He-4He mixtures at temperatures between 10 and 150 mK

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castelijns, C.A.M.; Kuerten, J.G.M.; de Waele, A.T.A.M.; Gijsman, H.M.

1985-01-01

The mutual friction between 3 He and 4 He II below 150 mK has been studied. Empirical relations for the adiabatic and the nonadiabatic flow properties of 3 He moving through 4 He have been determined using a dilution refrigerator with a single mixing chamber. The validity of the relations is verified by osmotic-pressure measurements and by measuring the properties of a double-mixing-chamber system. It is shown that superleak shunts have a strong effect on the flow characteristics. From the nonadiabatic flow properties an expression is derived for the mutual-friction-force density between 3 He and 4 He II. This has a strong resemblance to the Gorter-Mellink mutual-friction-force density between the normal and the superfluid components in pure 4 He II. It is speculated that the 3 He flow in our systems generates a 4 He vortex tangle, which leads to the observed mutual friction between 3 He and 4 He and also to a strong clamping of the 4 He to the walls

Superfluidity in two-dimensions. A thermal conductivity study of 4He and 3He- 4He mixture films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Finotello, D.

1992-01-01

We review measurement of the thermal transport of 4 He films and 3 He- 4 He mixture films near the superfluid transition. These measurements were performed on helium films of thickness ranging from 12 to 156 A and mixture films with 3 He concentration up to 2%. The superfluid transition temperature for these films ranged from 1.2 to 2.2. K. We discuss universal features of the data as well as the behavior of the ratio of the vortex diffusion constant to vortex core-parameter, the sharpness of the transition and the superfluid transition temperature as a function of thickness and concentration. We also describe new experiments that will contribute to a better understanding of the observed behavior (Author)

Multifractal analysis of multiparticle emission data in the framework of visibility graph and sandbox algorithm

Science.gov (United States)

Mali, P.; Manna, S. K.; Mukhopadhyay, A.; Haldar, P. K.; Singh, G.

2018-03-01

Multiparticle emission data in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied in a graph theoretical approach. The sandbox algorithm used to analyze complex networks is employed to characterize the multifractal properties of the visibility graphs associated with the pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Experimental data on 28Si+Ag/Br interaction at laboratory energy Elab = 14 . 5 A GeV, and 16O+Ag/Br and 32S+Ag/Br interactions both at Elab = 200 A GeV, are used in this analysis. We observe a scale free nature of the degree distributions of the visibility and horizontal visibility graphs associated with the event-wise pseudorapidity distributions. Equivalent event samples simulated by ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics, produce degree distributions that are almost identical to the respective experiment. However, the multifractal variables obtained by using sandbox algorithm for the experiment to some extent differ from the respective simulated results.

Deeply virtual Compton scattering off "4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hattawy, M.

2015-01-01

The "4He nucleus is of particular interest to study nuclear GPDs (Generalized Parton Distributions) as its partonic structure is described by only one chirally-even GPD. It is also a simple few-body system and has a high density that makes it the ideal target to investigate nuclear effects on partons. The experiment described in this thesis is JLab-E08-24, which was carried out in 2009 by the CLAS collaboration during the 'EG6' run. In this experiment, a 6 GeV longitudinally-polarized electron beam was scattered onto a 6 atm "4He gaseous target. During this experiment, in addition to the CLAS detector, a Radial Time Projection Chamber (RTPC), to detect low-energy nuclear recoils, and an Inner Calorimeter (IC), to improve the detection of photons at very forward angles, were used. We carried out a full analysis on our 6 GeV dataset, showing the feasibility of measuring exclusive nuclear Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) reactions. The analysis included: the identification of the final-state particles, the DVCS event selection, the π"0 background subtraction. The beam-spin asymmetry was then extracted for both DVCS channels and compared to the ones of the free-proton DVCS reaction, and to theoretical predictions from two models. Finally, the real and the imaginary parts of the "4He CFF (Compton Form Factor) HA have been extracted. Different levels of agreement were found between our measurements and the theoretical calculations. This thesis is organized as follows: In chapter 1, the available theoretical tools to study hadronic structure are presented, with an emphasis on the nuclear effects and GPDs. In chapter 2, the characteristics of the CLAS spectrometer are reviewed. In chapter 3, the working principle and the calibration aspects of the RTPC are discussed. In chapter 4, the identification of the final-state particles and the Monte-Carlo simulation are presented. In chapter 5, the selection of the DVCS events, the background subtraction, and uncertainty

Second sound velocities in superfluid 3He-4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dikina, L.S.; Kotenev, G.Ya.; Rudavskij, Eh.Ya.

1978-01-01

The velocities of the second sound in the superfluid He 3 -He 4 solutions were measured by the pulse method in the range of temperatures from 1.3 K to Tsub(lambda) and for He 3 concentrations up to 13%.The results obtained supplemented by those available before give the complete description of the concentration and temperature dependences of the second sound velocity in superfluid He 3 -He 4 solutions. The comprehensive comparison of the experimental data on the velocity of the second sound with the theoretical calculations for the superfluid solutions with arbitrary content of He 3 is performed. The good agreement is found between experiment and the theory. The experimental data obtained are used for determination of the potential, which determines the properties of the superfluid solutions

Spectroscopic information on light halo - nuclei within the framework of multiparticle shell model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khaydarov, R.R.

2004-09-01

Aim of the inquiry: to develop the potential approach within the framework of multiparticle shell model; to obtain analytical expressions for a wave function and equations for widths off sub-barrier resonance states; to apply the theoretical approach for obtaining properties of 5 He, 5 Li, 8 B and 11 N nuclei; to estimate values of root-mean-square radiuses, radial density of nucleons, magnetic dipole and electrical quadrupole moments and spectroscopic information for 8 B and 8 Li with use of a method of expansion on functions of Storm - Liouville; to estimate the contribution of 2p - shell of 13 C and process of exchange replacement to the astrophysical S-factor of 13 C (α, n) 16 O reaction. Method of the research: theoretical approaches within the framework of multiparticle shell model. Achieved results and their novelty: new theoretical approach allowing to describe correctly the experimental static characteristics of sub-barrier one-particle resonance states in of 5 He, 5 Li, 8 B and 11 N light nuclei has been developed. Structure of 8 B and 8 Li light mirror nuclei with use of the approach for the description of one-particle resonance states based on the method of expansion on functions of Storm - Liouville has been investigated; The spectroscopic information for proton halo in 8 B and values of the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of 8 B and 8 Li with use of technique of genealogical coefficients have been obtained. The contribution of 2p - shell of 13 C (α, n) 16 O reaction has been estimated. (author)

Multiparticle correlations and intermittency in high energy collisions

CERN Document Server

Bozek, P

1992-01-01

In this work the analysis of the intermittency signal observed in high energy experi- ments is done using multiparticle distributions and correlation functions. The effect of the dimensional projection of the multiparticle distributions on one or two-dimensional subspace is discussed. The structure of the multiparticle cumulants is analyzed for the DELPHI e + e~ annihilation data. The language of the self-similar distribution func- tions, which is used in this work, is shown to be largely equivalent to the well known a-model. In the case of the ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions, where the Monte-Carlo simulations fail to reproduce the data, we argue that the observed intermittency pattern is a signal of some nonlinear effect beyond the simple superposition of nucleon-nucleon collisions. The model of spatiotemporal intermittency is discussed in details and is shown to reproduce qualitatively the dependence of t...

sup 8 He- sup 6 He a comparative study of electromagnetic fragmentation reactions

CERN Document Server

Meister, M; Aleksandrov, D.; Aumann, T.; Baumann, T.; Borge, M.J.G.; Chulkov, L.V.; Cortina-Gil, D.; Eberlein, B.; Elze, Th.W.; Emling, H.; Geissel, H.; Hellström, M.; Jonson, B.; Kratz, J.V.; Kulessa, R.; Leistenschneider, A.; Mukha, I.; Münzenberg, G.; Nickel, F.; Nilsson, T.; Nyman, G.; Pfützner, M.; Pribora, V.; Richter, A.; Riisager, K.; Scheidenberger, C.; Schrieder, G.; Simon, H.; Tengblad, O.; Zhukov, M.V.

2002-01-01

Dissociation of a 227 MeV/u sup 8 He beam in a lead target has been studied in a kinematically complete experiment. The results are compared with similar data from the well-known halo nucleus sup 6 He. Coulomb-nuclear interference in the inelastic channel gives evidence for a I suppi=1 sup - resonance in sup 8 He at E sub x =4.15 MeV. The deduced B(E1) value of 0.38+-0.07 e sup 2 fm sup 2 indicates a uniform distribution of the four neutrons around the alpha-particle core.

Δ excitation in 3He and 4He by photons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maruyama, Koichi.

1993-06-01

The use of the 3 He and 4 He photodisintegration reactions in the study of the excitation, propagation, and decay of the Δ (1232) in these nuclei is proposed. By using the data obtained with TAGX for both photon absorption on neutron-proton pairs and complete photodisintegration, we find no compelling evidence for the change of the Δ property in the 3 He and 4 He nuclei. It is also proposed to use nuclear photodisintegration in the search for the excitation of the higher-mass nucleon resonances whose absence in the total photon-absorption cross sections in nuclei is reported recently. (author)

The effect of Demkov coupling in the rotational predissociation of 3He4He+, ch. 4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asselt, N.P.F.B. van; Maas, J.G.; Los, J.

1976-01-01

The momentum distribution of the 3 He + and the 4 He + fragments, both originating from rotational predissociation of 3 He 4 He + has been measured. There is a pronounced difference between the intensity distributions in both spectra. This difference is explained as the result of a Demkov coupling between the two lowest electronic states of the molecular ion. The rotational quantum numbers of the states involved are calculated from the spectra

Efficient 3He/4He separation in a nanoporous graphenylene membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

Qu, Yuanyuan; Li, Feng; Zhao, Mingwen

2017-08-16

Helium-3 is a precious noble gas, which is essential in many advanced technologies such as cryogenics, isotope labeling and nuclear weapons. The current imbalance of 3 He demand and supply shortage leads to the search for an efficient membrane with high performance for 3 He separation. In this study, based on first-principles calculations, we demonstrated that highly efficient 3 He harvesting can be achieved in a nanoporous graphenylene membrane with industrially-acceptable selectivity and permeance. The quantum tunneling effect leads to 3 He harvesting with high efficiency via kinetic sieving. Both the quantum tunneling effect and zero-point energy (ZPE) determine the 3 He/ 4 He separation via thermally-driven equilibrium sieving, where the ZPE effect dominates efficient 3 He/ 4 He separation between two reservoirs. The quantum effects revealed in this work suggest that the nanoporous graphenylene membrane is promising for efficient 3 He harvesting that can be exploited for industrial applications.

The sup(40,44,48)Ca(3He, 3He) and (3He, 4He) reactions at 50 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Griffiths, R.J.; Duggan, F.; Clarke, N.M.

1981-01-01

Measurements have been made of the ( 3 He, 3 He) and ( 3 He, 4 He) reactions on the isotopes of calcium 40 Ca, 44 Ca and 48 Ca at an energy of 50.4 MeV. The results have been analysed with conventional optical potentials and DWBA. The adequacy of the former and inadequacy of the latter for reactions with composite particles is discussed. (author)

Study of the excited {Delta} resonance ways of decay in {sup 4}He and other nuclei with the ({sup 3}He,T) reaction at 2 GeV; Etude des voies de decroissance de la resonance {Delta} excitee dans l`{sup 4}He et d`autres noyaux par la reaction ({sup 3}He,T) a 2 GeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tarle-Rousteau, S

1995-05-10

This thesis describes the ({sup 3}He,t) experiment carried out at 2 GeV at the Saturne National Laboratory (CEA Saclay, France) on {sup 1}H, {sup 2}H, {sup 4}He, {sup 12}C and {sup 208}Pb targets. The charged particles (pions and/or protons) from the {Delta} resonance deexcitation are detected in coincidence with triton using the Diogene large angle detector. New informations are obtained on the ways of {Delta} resonance decay in nuclei. Three modes of decay are investigated: the quasi-free decay, the {Delta}N into NN absorption and the coherent pions production. Modifications of {Delta} resonance properties in nuclei with respect to those of free {Delta} are analysed using the experimental results about pions diffusion, photons absorption, charge exchange reaction and {Delta}-hole model conclusions. The quasi-deuteron absorption process on {sup 4}He is studied using a Monte-Carlo simulation. Coherent pions production is also analysed in detail on {sup 4}He and {sup 12}C target nuclei. The process is very sensitive to {Delta}-hole correlations involved in the longitudinal spin canal which shifts the nucleus response in the {Delta} resonance region towards the low transferred energies. (J.S.). 85 refs., 72 figs., 10 tabs., 1 annexe.

Effects of chiral three-nucleon forces on 4He-nucleus scattering in a wide range of incident energies

Science.gov (United States)

Toyokawa, Masakazu; Yahiro, Masanobu; Matsumoto, Takuma; Kohno, Michio

2018-02-01

An important current subject is to clarify the properties of chiral three-nucleon forces (3NFs) not only in nuclear matter but also in scattering between finite-size nuclei. Particularly for elastic scattering, this study has just started and the properties are not understood for a wide range of incident energies (E_in). We investigate basic properties of chiral 3NFs in nuclear matter with positive energies by using the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock method with chiral two-nucleon forces at N3LO and 3NFs at NNLO, and analyze the effects of chiral 3NFs on 4He elastic scattering from targets ^{208}Pb, ^{58}Ni, and ^{40}Ca over a wide range of 30 ≲ E_in/A_P ≲ 200 MeV by using the g-matrix folding model, where A_P is the mass number of the projectile. In symmetric nuclear matter with positive energies, chiral 3NFs make the single-particle potential less attractive and more absorptive. The effects mainly come from the Fujita-Miyazawa 2π-exchange 3NF and become slightly larger as E_in increases. These effects persist in the optical potentials of 4He scattering. As for the differential cross sections of 4He scattering, chiral-3NF effects are large for E_in/A_P ≳ 60 MeV and improve the agreement of the theoretical results with the measured ones. Particularly for E_in/A_P ≳ 100 MeV, the folding model reproduces measured differential cross sections pretty well. Cutoff (Λ) dependence is investigated for both nuclear matter and 4He scattering by considering two cases of Λ=450 and 550 MeV. The uncertainty coming from the dependence is smaller than chiral-3NF effects even at E_in/A_P=175 MeV.

Multiparticle correlations and intermittency in high energy collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bozek, P.

1992-01-01

The analysis of the intermittency signal observed in high energy experiments is presented using multiparticle distributions and correlation functions. The effect of the dimensional projection of the multiparticle distributions on one or two-dimensional subspace is discussed. The structure of the multiparticle cumulants is analyzed for the DELPHI e + e - annihilation data. The model of spatiotemporal intermittency is discussed in details and is shown to reproduce qualitatively the dependence of the intermittency strength on the target and projectile nuclei. A 1-dimensional (1D) cellular-automaton and a 1D forest-fire model is studied. On the example of the noncritical 1D Ising model the difficulties of the scaled factorial moment (SFM) method in extracting genuine scaling behaviour is illustrated. All these studies could serve as tools to test the sensibility of the SFM method as used in the analysis of the high energy production. (K.A.) 122 refs.; 38 figs.; 3 tabs

Multiparticle correlations and intermittency in high energy collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bozek, P.

1992-01-01

An analysis of the intermittency signal observed in high energy experiments is presented using multiparticle distributions and correlation functions. The effect of the dimensional projection of the multiparticle distributions on one or two-dimensional subspace is discussed. The structure of the multiparticle cumulants is analyzed for the DELPHI e + e - annihilation data. The model of spatiotemporal intermittency is discussed in details and is shown to reproduce qualitatively the dependence of the intermittency strength on the target and projectile nuclei. A 1-dimensional (lD) cellular-automaton (CA) and a lD forest-fire model is studied. On the example of the noncritical lD Ising model the difficulties of the scaled factorial moment (SFM) method in extracting genuine scaling behaviour are illustrated. The problem of the finite-size effect in connection to the dimensional projection can be easily exemplified in the case of the 2D critical system with conformal symmetry. (R.P.) 122 refs., 38 figs., 3 tabs

Third sound resonance studies of 3He-4He mixture films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heinrichs, R.M.

1985-01-01

Third sound velocity and dissipation measurements were performed on 3 He- 4 He mixture films of 3.6 and 5.3 layers 4 He and up to 3 added layers 3 He in the temperature range 0.05-0.3 K using third sound resonance techniques. The 3 He concentration dependence of the velocity was in excellent agreement with a simple layered film model down to the lowest concentrations studied. At the higher 3 He concentrations, the velocity began to deviate from the model, rising above it. The concentration dependence of the dissipation showed some unique structure with a maximum at 0.3-0.5 layers added 3 He for both 4 He coverages. The third sound velocity in the low concentration mixture films had very little temperature dependence in the range studied. The dissipation, however, had some definite temperature dependent structure that evolved with concentration. This evolution was most pronounced at concentrations near the dissipation maximum and eventually became exponential at the higher coverages. Fitting these exponentials produced estimates of the difference in binding energy for the 3 He states in and on the film. In this higher 3 He concentration regime, a temperature dependence of the velocity was observed that began as a small peak at about 0.15 K and eventually became a step at the highest concentrations studied. The exponential nature of the dissipation became clouded when the velocity evolved into this last behavior

Multiparticle bound states in QED

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buchmueller, W.; Dietz, K.

1979-09-01

The relation between multiparticle Schroedinger equations and the underlying field theory for weakly coupled systems is clarified. A systematic perturbation theory for the energy levels is presented the first term of which is the eigenvalue of a Schroedinger equation with relativistic kinematics. (orig.)

Infrared spectra of 4HeH+, 4HeD+, 3HeH+, and 3HeD+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crofton, M.W.; Altman, R.S.; Haese, N.N.; Oka, T.

1989-01-01

Isotopic species of the HeH + molecular ion provide an excellent testing ground for studying isotopic dependence of vibration--rotation constants because of the small masses of He and H isotopes. We have observed infrared spectra of the hot band v=2 left-arrow 1 of HeH + and fundamental bands of isotopic species HeD + , 3 HeH + , and 3 HeD + , and obtained the Dunham coefficients Y kl , and the isotopically independent parameters U kl , Δ He kl , and Δ H kl

Phase equilibrium in a polarized saturated 3He-4He mixture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodrigues, A.; Vermeulen, G.

1997-01-01

We present experimental results on the phase equilibrium of a saturated 3 He- 4 He mixture, which has been cooled to a temperature of 10-15 mK and polarized in a 4 He circulating dilution refrigerator to a stationary polarization of 15 %, 7 times higher than the equilibrium polarization in the external field of 7 T. The pressure dependence of the polarization enhancement in the refrigerator shows that the molar susceptibilities of the concentrated and dilute phase of a saturated 3 He- 4 He mixture are equal at p = 2.60 ± 0.04 bar. This result affects the Fermi liquid parameters of the dilute phase. The osmotic pressure in the dilute phase has been measured as a function of the polarization of the coexisting concentrated phase up to 15 %. We find that the osmotic pressure at low polarization ( < 7 % ) agrees well with thermodynamics using the new Fermi liquid parameters of the dilute phase

Effects of Δ-isobar degrees of freedom on the reactions 3He(n,γ)4He and 3He(p,e+νe)4He at low-energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schiavilla, R.

1991-01-01

The cross sections of the radiative 3 He(n,γ) 4 He and weak 3 He(p,e + ν e ) 4 He capture reactions at thermal neutron and keV proton energies have been calculated with the Variational Monte Carlo method. The ground state and low-energy continuum wave functions have been determined variationally from a realistic Hamiltonian, and include both nucleon and Δ-isobar degrees of freedom. The electroweak transition operator contains one- and two-body components in the N + Δ Hilbert space

Measurement of the cross section for forward Compton scattering by /sup 4//sub 2/ He nuclei at energies E/sub. gamma. / = 1. 8--3. 8 GeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aleksanyan, A.S.; Babayan, G.E.; Voskanyan, A.V.; Gasparyan, A.D.; Gevorkyan, S.R.; Karapetyan, S.N.; Ketikyan, A.Z.; Megrabyan, G.K.; Movsisyan, K.A.; Oganesyan, G.A.; and others

1987-04-01

The differential cross sections for Compton scattering by nuclei of /sup 4//sub 2/ He have been measured at the momentum transfers 0.02less than or equal tochemically bondtchemically bond<0.14 (GeV/c)/sup 2/ in the energy region E/sub ..gamma../ = 1.8--3.8 GeV. On the basis of the diffraction theory of multiple scattering the values of the differential cross sections at t = 0, of the slope parameters of the diffraction cone, and of the /sup 4//sub 2/ He nucleus radius have been determined. Experimental values are given for the phase of the scattering amplitude by nucleons, ..cap alpha..( f/sup 0//sub i/) = Re f/sup 0//sub i// Im f/sup 0//sub i/. On the basis of the differential cross sections at t = 0 the total photoabsorption cross section and the photon screening coefficient are determined for the /sup 4//sub 2/ He nucleus.

Possibility of a 4He2 bound state, effective range theory, and very low energy He--He scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uang, Y.; Stwalley, W.C.

1982-01-01

The best available intermolecular potential for helium by Aziz, Nain, Carley, Taylor, and McConville is shown here for the first time to have a 4 He 2 bound state. Two numerical analyses, namely, eigenvalue solution and effective range theory, are used to support this conclusion. Unlike usual chemically bound species, the binding energy of this very weakly bound level is found to be only 8.3 x 10 -4 K, which is four orders of magnitude smaller than the potential well depth epsilon = 10.8 K. The scattering length for He+He collisions, determined from effective range theory, is used to calculate the elastic cross section in the very low energy limit. The results (1.878 x 10 5 A 2 for 4 He+ 4 He and 6.035 x 10 2 A for 3 He+ 3 He) are consistent with measurements at the lowest velocities yet attained. In terms of the estimated uncertainties of the parameters of the potential of Aziz and co-workers, it is shown that it is very likely that a bound state of the 4 He 2 molecule does in fact exist

MPS [Multiparticle Spectrometer] data acquisition software system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saulys, A.C.; Etkin, A.; Foley, K.J.

1989-01-01

A description of the software for a FASTBUS based data acquisition system in use at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Multiparticle Spectrometer is presented. Data reading and formatting is done by the SLAC Scanner Processors (SSP's) resident in the FASTBUS system. A multiprocess software system on VAX computers is used to communicate with the SSP's, record the data, and monitor on-line the progress of high energy and heavy ion experiments. The structure and the performance of this system are discussed. 4 refs., 1 fig

Towards quantum computation with multi-particle interference

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tamma, Vincenzo; Schleich, Wolfgang P. [Institut fuer Quantenphysik, Universitaet Ulm (Germany); Shih, Yanhua [Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD (Germany). Dept. of Physics

2012-07-01

One of the main challenges in quantum computation is the realization of entangled states with a large number of particles. We have experimentally demonstrated a novel factoring algorithm which relies only on optical multi-path interference and on the periodicity properties of Gauss sums with continuous arguments. An interesting implementation of such a method can, in principle, take advantage of matter-wave interferometers characterized by long-time evolution of a BEC in microgravity. A more recent approach to factorization aims to achieve an exponential speed-up without entanglement by exploiting multi-particle m-order interference. In this case, the basic requirement for quantum computation is interference of an exponentially large number of multi-particle amplitudes.

Study of the Unbound Nuclei $^{10}$Li and $^{7}$He at REX ISOLDE

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

% IS367\\\\ \\\\ We propose to study the two unbound nuclei $^{10}$Li and $^{7}$He produced in simple one-neutron pick-up reactions induced by intense beams of $^{9}$Li and $^{6}$He from REX ISOLDE in $^{9}$Be and CD$_{2}$ targets.\\\\ \\\\The unbound nucleus $^{10}$Li is a binary subsystem of the two-neutron halo nucleus $^{11}$Li and its structure is of key importance for theoretical investigations of the halo structure. We propose two different reactions, which together would give an unambiguous determination of lowest $\\textit{s-}$ and $\\textit{p-}$wave resonances in the ($^{9}$Li+n) system.\\\\ \\\\Similarly $^{7}$He plays an important role in the dissociation of $^{8}$He, a drip-line nucleus with an $\\alpha$+4n five-body structure. The aim of our investigation is to search for an excited 1/2$^{-}$ state above the $^{7}$He 3/2$^{-}$ ground state in order to investigate its cluster structure. \\\\ \\\\

Giant asymmetry of separation and homogenization processes in solid 3He-4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grigor'ev, V.N.; Majdanov, V.A.; Penzev, A.A.; Polev, A.V.; Rubets, S.P.; Rudavskij, Eh.Ya.; Rybalko, A.S.; Syrnikov, E.V.

2005-01-01

The kinetics of the processes of separation and homogenization of solid 3 He- 4 He solutions is compared by using the precision barometry. The experiments were made with the initial specimens of three types: weak 3 He- 4 He and 4 He- 3 He solutions and concentrated 3 He- 4 He ones. It is found that the homogenization rate at the initial stage may be more than 500 times higher that the rate of separation. This is the case for all types of the solutions studied. The appreciable rate of phase separation in the concentrated solutions where, according to the modern concepts, impurity atoms in quantum crystals should be localized, suggests that in such conditions there is a new unknown mechanism of mass-transfer, while the fast homogenization points to a nondiffusion nature of the process

The cross section of 3He(3He,2p)4He measured at solar energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Junker, M.; Arpesella, C.; Bellotti, E.; Broggini, C.; Corvisiero, P.; D'Alessandro, A.; Fiorentini, G.; Fubini, A.; Gervino, G.; Greife, U.; Gustavino, C.; Lambert, J.; Prati, P.; Rodney, W.S.; Rolfs, C.; Trautvetter, H.P.; Zavatarelli, S.

1999-01-01

We report on the status of the 3 He( 3 He,2p) 4 He experiment at the underground accelerator facility LUNA (Gran Sasso). The lowest projectile energies for the measured cross section correspond already to energies below the center of the solar Gamow peak (E 0 =22 keV). The data provide no evidence for the existence of a hypothetical resonance in the energy range investigated. Although no extrapolation is needed anymore (except for energies at the low-energy tail of the Gamow peak), the data must be corrected for the effects of electron screening, clearly observed the first time for the 3 He( 3 He,2p) 4 He reaction. The effects are however larger than expected and not understood, leading presently to the largest uncertainty on the quoted S(0) value for bare nuclides (= 5.40 MeVb)

An apparatus for preparing isotopically pure He4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McClintock, P.V.E.

1978-01-01

A cryostat has been constructed for extracting pure He 4 from He II of natural isotopic composition by means of a heat flush technique. It is shown that the method is in principle capable of yielding He 4 which is entirely devoid of He 3 isotopic impurities. A secondary heat flush, operated in conjunction with a conical heat exchanger of novel design, was used to place an experimental lower bound of 2 x 10 15 on the He 4 /He 3 ratio of the product, a standard sufficient for all present or projected applications requiring isotopically pure He 4 . The apparatus produces 2 000 1 (at standard temperature and pressure) of He 4 per thermal cycle. The design of future purifiers is discussed. (author)

Poisson solvers for self-consistent multi-particle simulations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qiang, J; Paret, S

2014-01-01

Self-consistent multi-particle simulation plays an important role in studying beam-beam effects and space charge effects in high-intensity beams. The Poisson equation has to be solved at each time-step based on the particle density distribution in the multi-particle simulation. In this paper, we review a number of numerical methods that can be used to solve the Poisson equation efficiently. The computational complexity of those numerical methods will be O(N log(N)) or O(N) instead of O(N2), where N is the total number of grid points used to solve the Poisson equation

Muonic atom-light nucleus interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuz'michev, V.E.; Peresypkin, V.V.; Efetov, A.V.

1991-01-01

The effective potential of the interaction between light nucleus and two-particle atom at distances greater than its Bohr radius is obtained in the analytic form on the basis of a correct account of three Coulomb particle problem. Features of the interaction between p, t, 4 He, 7 Be nuclei and mesonic atoms μp, μt, μ 4 He and μ 7 Be, that arising from the differences in masses and charges of interacting particles, are studied. The corresponding potentials in the pre-threshold energy range are given. The coefficients of the symptotic formula for the effective are calculated in adiabatic approximation and with regard for the main off-shell corrections. 16 refs.; 4 figs

HE4 Tissue Expression and Serum HE4 Levels in Healthy Individuals and Patients with Benign or Malignant Tumors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Karlsen, Nikoline S; Karlsen, Mona A; Høgdall, Claus K

2014-01-01

, this review aims to systematically outline published results of HE4 tissue expression and serum HE4 levels in healthy individuals and patients with benign or malignant tumors. Our findings suggest scientific basis for a potential diagnostic ability of HE4 in gynecologic cancer and lung cancer, and further...

Multiparticle excitations and identical bands in the superdeformed 149Gd nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flibotte, S.; Hackman, G.; Theisen, C.; Andrews, H.R.; Ball, G.C.; Beausang, C.W.; Beck, F.A.; Belier, G.; Bentley, M.A.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; de France, G.; Disdier, D.; Duchene, G.; Fallon, P.; Haas, B.; Janzen, V.P.; Jones, P.M.; Kharraja, B.; Kuehner, J.A.; Lisle, J.C.; Merdinger, J.C.; Mullins, S.M.; Paul, E.S.; Prevost, D.; Radford, D.C.; Rauch, V.; Smith, J.F.; Styczen, J.; Twin, P.J.; Vivien, J.P.; Waddington, J.C.; Ward, D.; Zuber, K.

1993-01-01

Eight superdeformed rotational bands have been observed in the 149 Gd nucleus. Several excited bands have partners in neighboring nuclei which differ by up to four nucleons, with nearly identical dynamic moments of inertia and quantized γ-ray phasing. These observations cannot be easily explained by theoretical models including an intrinsic scaling with mass of the moment of inertia. A paired backbend and an interaction due to an accidental degeneracy between two superdeformed levels have also been observed

Dynamics of phase-separated 3He-4He films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kurihara, Susumu

1982-01-01

A froehlich-type Hamiltonian is derived for third sound and 3 He quasi particles in phase-separated double layer of superfluid 4 He and normal 3 He liquid. It is stressed that our system is unique and valuable in that characteristic parameters can be varied in a wide range, simply by adjusting the film thickness. The effect of fermion-boson coupling on the velocity and damping of the third sound is examined. It is predicted that a rather drastic change in the third sound spectrum will occur when the Fermi velocity of 3 He system and the third sound velocity are nearly the same. It is pointed out that the system under consideration may show a variety of interesting phenomena, in addition to the softening of the third sound. (author)

Ab initio study of small He cluster ions Hen+, n=2, 3, 4, 5, and low-lying Rydberg states of He4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Staemmler, V.

1990-01-01

SCF and CEPA calculations are applied to study the structure of small He cluster ions, He n 3 , n=2, 3, 4, 5 and some low-lying Rydberg states of He 4 . The effect of electron correlation upon the equilibrium structures and binding energies is discussed. He 3 + has a linear symmetric equilibrium geometry with a bond length of 2.35 a 0 and a binding energy D e =0.165 eV with respect to He 2 + +He (experimentally: D 0 =0.17 eV which corresponds to D e ≅0.20 eV). He 4 + is a very floppy molecular ion with several energetically very similar geometrical configurations. Our CEPA calculations yield a T-shaped form with a He 3 + centre (R e =2.35 a 0 ) and one inductively bound He atom (4.39 a 0 from the central He atom of He 3 + ) as equilibrium structure. Its binding energy with respect to He 3 + +He is 0.031 eV. A linear symmetric configuration consisting of a He 2 + centre with a bond length of 2.10 a 0 and two inductively bound He atoms (4.20 a 0 from the centre of He 2 + ) is only 0.02-0.03 eV higher in energy. We expect that in larger He cluster ions structures with He 2 + and He 3 + centres and n-2 or n-3 inductively bound He atoms have nearly the same energies. In He 4 a low-lying metastable Rydberg state ( 3 π symmetry for linear He 4 * , 3 B 1 for the T-shaped form) exists which is slightly stronger bound with respect to He 3 * +He than the corresponding ion. (orig.)

Effective interactions in dilute mixtures of 3He in 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hsu, W.; Pines, D.

1985-01-01

Nonlocal pseudopotentials which describe the effective interaction between 3 He quasiparticles, and between these quasiparticles and the background 4 He liquid, are obtained as a function of concentration and pressure by generalizing the Aldrich--Pines pseudopotentials for pure 3 He and 4 He to dilute mixtures. The hierarchy of physical effects which determine these pseudopotentials is established. Interaction-induced short-range correlations are the dominant physical feature; next in order of importance is the greater zero point motion associated with the replacement of a 4 He atom by a 3 He atom, while spin-duced ''Pauli principle'' correlations play a significantly smaller, albeit still important role. We find a consistent trend in the change of the effective direct quasiparticle interactions with increasing concentration, and show how the Aldrich-Pines pseudopotentials for pure 3 He quasiparticles represent a natural extension of our results for dilute mixtures. Our calculated nonlocal pseudopotential for 3 He quasiparticles is qualitatively similar to that proposed by Bardeen, Baym, and Pines; it changes sign at somewhat lower momentum transfers than the BBP result, varies little with concentration, and provides a physical basis for understanding the BBP result. The effective interaction between quasiparticles of parallel spin, here determined for the first time, is essentially repulsive in the very dilute limit; as the concentration increases, it becomes increasingly attractive at low momentum transfers, and resembles closely that between antiparallel spin quasiparticles at 5% concentration. The concentration-dependent transport properties calculated from these pseudopotentials (which involve only one phenomenological parameter) are in good agreement with experiment at saturated vapor pressure (SVP), 10 atm, and 20 atm

Criterion for testing multiparticle negative-partial-transpose entanglement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeng, B.; Zhou, D.L.; Zhang, P.; Xu, Z.; You, L.

2003-01-01

We revisit the criterion of multiparticle entanglement based on the overlaps of a given quantum state ρ with maximally entangled states. For a system of m particles, each with N distinct states, we prove that ρ is m-particle negative partial transpose entangled, if there exists a maximally entangled state vertical bar MES>, such that >1/N. While this sufficiency condition is weaker than the Peres-Horodecki criterion in all cases, it applies to multi-particle systems, and becomes especially useful when the number of particles (m) is large. We also consider the converse of this criterion and illustrate its invalidity with counter examples

Simulation of AntiMatter–Matter Interactions in Geant4

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Galoyan Aida

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Cross sections of antiproton and antinucleus interactions with nuclei are calculated using stochastic averaging method. A new implementation of the Quark-Gluon-String Model (QGSM is proposed for simulation of multi-particle production in antinucleus-nucleus collisions. A combination of the cross sections and the new implementation of QGSM allows experimental data on antiproton and antinucleus interactions with nuclei to be described. The combination is included in the well-known Geant4 simulation toolkit.

Towards a parametrization of multiparticle hadronic reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giffon, M.; Hama, Y.; Predazzi, E.

1979-11-01

An explicit parametrization of high energy exclusive production cross-sections is shown to give a reasonable account of inclusive data. This is a first step towards a phenomenological parametrization of multiparticle hadronic amplitudes

He I and He II spectra of 4-haloanilines

Science.gov (United States)

Sky, Jason L. D.; von Nagy-Felsobuki, Ellak I.

1999-02-01

The ultraviolet photoelectron spectra (UPS) of 4-haloanilines were recorded and interpreted using a composite-molecule model. Numbering from the valence orbitals, the sequence of the eight lowest ionization energies for 4-fluoroaniline is: π(5 a″)4-bromoaniline is: π(5 a″)< π(4 a″)< nN(16a')< nX(15 a')< π(3 a″)< σ(14 a')˜ σ(13 a')< π(2 a″) (where X=Cl and Br, respectively), whereas for 4-iodoaniline the assignment is: π(5 a″)< π(4 a″)< nI(16 a')< nN(15 a')˜ π(3 a″)< σ(14 a')< σ(13 a')< π(2 a″). Comparison of the He I and He II band intensities and ab initio calculations using the HF-6-31G** model confirm this assignment. Comparison of the linear correlation of the in-plane lone-pairs and Allred electronegativities for the halobenzenes and haloanilines also reinforce the assignment.

A measure for isotropy-equilibrium degree of a multi-particle system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Zhiqing; Li Runze; Xu Mingmei; Liu Lianshou

2008-01-01

Aiming at using sphericity as a tool to study the isotropy-equilibrium property of a multi-particle system, in particular the hadronic final state IFS produced in instanton-induced DIS events, we discuss in detail the dependence is sphericity on multiplicity and the multiplicity distribution, as well as on the isotropy degree of the system. A rotational symmetric model with a fluctuating isotropy-degree is constructed, which can fit the mean and width of sphericity of the Monte Carlo IFS-results simultaneously. The IFS from the Monte Carlo simulation is found to be not ideally isotropic but has a probability of 4.7% to be isotropic within error of 5%. The results provide us a description of how far the IFS departs from equilibrium. The method developed is applicable to any Monte Carlo generated multi-particle system, for which the isotropy-equilibrium property is significant. (authors)

The osmotic pressure of 3He-4He mixtures along the phase separation curve

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van de Klundert, L.J.M.; Bos, M.R.E.; van der Meij, J.A.M.; Steffens, H.A.

1977-01-01

The osmotic pressure of 3He-4He mixtures was measured along the phase separation curve at temperatures up to 500 mK by balancing it with the fountain pressure of pure 4He. The usefullness of the secondary osmotic pressure thermometer was reinvestigated.

The osmotic pressure of 3He-4He mixtures along the phase separation curve

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klundert, L.J.M. van de; Bos, M.R.E.; Meij, J.A.M. van der; Steffens, H.A.

1977-01-01

The osmotic pressure of 3 He- 4 He mixtures was measured along the phase separation curve at temperatures up to 500 mK by balancing it with the fountain pressure of pure 4 He. The usefullness of the secondary osmotic pressure thermometer was reinvestigated. (Auth.)

Large-angle quasi-free scattering in the 6Li(p,pd)4He at 670 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Albrecht, D.; Csatlos, M.

1979-01-01

The 6 Li(p,pd) 4 He reaction was investigated at 670 MeV by a coincidence experiment at large-angle scattering geometry. Energy distributions, cross sections and angular correlations of the reaction products have been measured. Momentum distribution of the recoil nucleus has been determined for transitions leading to residual nucleus in the ground and excited states. Results were analyzed in terms of the simplified distorted wave impulse approximation using the cluster model and three-body wave functions. The observed momentum distribution of the pn pair in the p shell of 6 Li is in agreement with three-body calculations. The spectroscopic factor is larger than predicted by theory. Transitions in the ground and excited states of the α-particle also have the characteristics of quasi-free scattering on deuteron clusters

Observation of the antimatter partner of Rutherford's α-particle - 4He-bar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang, Aihong

2012-01-01

The antimatter helium-4 nucleus ( 4 He-bar, or anti-α) has not been observed previously although the α-particle was identified a century ago by Rutherford. High-energy nuclear collisions recreate energy densities similar to that of the universe microseconds after the Big Bang, and in both cases, matter and antimatter are created with comparable abundances. However, the relatively short-lived expansion in nuclear collisions makes it possible for antimatter to decouple quickly from matter. This makes a high-energy accelerator facility the ideal environment for producing and studying antimatter. In this paper, we report 18 antihelium-4 nuclei discovered by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The measured invariant differential cross section is consistent with expectation from thermodynamics and coalescent nucleosynthesis models, which has implications for future production of even heavier antimatter nuclei, as well as for experimental searches for new phenomena in the cosmos. Future directions of rare and exotic matter searches from STAR will also be discussed.

Photodetachment cross sections for He-(4P0)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Compton, R.N.; Alton, G.D.; Pegg, D.J.

1980-01-01

The first measurements are reported of photodetachment cross sections for He - (formed through charge exchange of He + with Ca vapor) over the photon energy range from 1.77 to 2.75 eV. The energies of autodetached electrons from the metastable He - beam have also been determined for the first time. The autodetached electron energy agrees within experimental error (+-0.25 eV) with the known 1s2s2p) 4 P 0 He - energy level. This taken with measurements for the lifetime of He - infers that charge exchange of He + with Ca vapor produces 4 P 0 He -

Variations of 3/He/4He isotope ratios within the Broadlands geothermal field, New Zealand

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hulston, John; Lupton, John; University of California, Santa Barbara; Rosenberg, Nina

1986-01-01

The Broadlands-Ohaaki geothermal field is located 20 km NE of Wairakei on the Central Volcanic Zone of New Zealand. It falls within a resistivity low extending 4 km by 3 km. A study of 3 He/ 4 He ratios within this field has shown R/R A ratios close to 6.0 in the Ohaaki production area (NW). In contrast the production area to the SE on the east bank of the Waikato River has R/R A values close to 3.5. Differences in chemical ratios reported previously are found to correlate with the 3 He/ 4 He measurements. A tentative interpretation of the results indicate that there is a contribution of 3 He from the mantle and that the variations in the 3 He/ 4 He ratios are probably related to differences in the geochemistry of the rocks through which the geothermal fluids flow to the surface. Preliminary measurements of the argon isotopes also show a contribution from radiogenic rocks at depth

Thermal transport properties in dilute 3He-4He mixtures near the superfluid transition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tuttle, J.G.

1991-01-01

The author describes measurements of various transport properties of dilute liquid 3 He- 4 He mixtures in two different sample cells. One cell was designed to measure the temperature drop ΔT across a fluid layer due to an applied heat flux Q, and the other allowed measurement of both ΔT and ΔX, the molar concentration drop. He studied the anomalous boundary resistance, ΔR b , in superfluid 4 He near T λ for Q between 4 and 100μW/cm 2 . He presents results for both the weakly divergent and the heat dependent, more strongly divergent contributions. He compares his data with those of Duncan and Ahlers and with theoretical predictions by Frank and Dohm. He also presents similar R b data for a mixture with X = 2.5 x 10 -6 . He determined the relaxation time τ for transients observed during thermal conductivity κ eff and thermal diffusion k T * measurements in superfluid mixtures between 1.7K and T λ with X ranging from 10 -6 to 5 x 10 -2 . He compares these results, taken with a fluid layer thickness h = 1.81 mm, with theoretical predictions and with earlier data for h = 1.47 mm. He shows the mass diffusion coefficient D computed both from τ and from κ eff data for 0.001 λ , and he compares the results of these two different determinations. In addition, he presents the 3 He-roton scattering cross section calculated using D results. In the normal phase he measured the thermal diffusion ratio k T and the thermal conductivity κ for 0.009 ≤ X ≤ 0.05 near T λ , and he compares these results with predictions by Dohm and Folk

Physics case for a multiparticle detector system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horn, Dag.

1984-04-01

This report is an examination of the physics which would be accessible to a large multiparticle detector system when used with heavy ion beams of 10 to 50 MeV/u from the Chalk River Tandem Accelerator Superconducting Cyclotron Complex (TASCC)

Homogeneous nucleation in phase separation of solid 3He-4He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poole, M.; Smith, A.; Maidanov, V.A.; Rudavskii, E.Ya.; Grigor'ev, V.N.; Slezov, V.V.; Saunders, J.; Cowan, B.

2003-01-01

NMR and pressure have been measured during phase separation in solid 3 He- 4 He mixtures. Spin echoes were used to observe bounded diffusion and to estimate the diffusion coefficient, size and nuclei concentration in the 3 He-enriched phase. The characteristic phase separation time constant of the mixture was found from pressure measurements. The results argue convincingly for homogeneous nucleation. The surface tension of the nuclei is found independently from NMR and from pressure measurements; the two determinations agree well and yield a surface tension coefficient of 4.9x10 -6 J m -2

Experimental considerations on producing highly polarized liquid 3He in a matrix of solid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Greenberg, A.S.; Hebral, B.; Papoular, M.; Beal-Monod, M.T.

1980-01-01

Two experiments are briefly reviewed in which droplets of 3 He were formed in solid 4 He. These experiments indicate such conditions are favorable for the production of quasi-stable highly polarized liquid 3 He. A solid solution of dilute 3 He in 4 He is proposed as a promising system to produce experimentally realizable highly polarized liquid 3 He using the Castaing-Nozieres decompression

Low-temperature H2-4He and H2-3He targets for operation on an electron beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gol'dshtejn, V.A.; Lubyanyj, V.V.

1981-01-01

Structures and basic characteristics of H 2 - 4 He and H 2 - 3 He low temperature targets are given. Technique of 3 He target filling is described. Initial target cooling up to liquid 4 He temperature and its filling up take near approximately 1 h, at that 4 He flow rate equals 15 l. Repeated filling up of 4 He takes 20 min, and target filling up with 3 He - 10-15 min. Good thermal insulation of a cryostat and targets permits the 4 He target to be operated with an electron beam of a mean current of up to 0.5 μA without filling up 4 He for 70 h. At that flow rate of liquid 4 He amounts to 0.2 l/h, and liquid hydrogen - 0.04 l/h. It is concluded that H 2 - 4 He and H 2 - 3 He targets are reliable and simple in operation and permit to work with accelerated particle beams of intensity corresponding to power release >= 0.5 W without corrections for density change [ru

Production of 4He and He4‾ in Pb-Pb collisions at √{sNN } = 2.76TeV at the LHC

Science.gov (United States)

Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adolfsson, J.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Aglieri Rinella, G.; Agnello, M.; Agrawal, N.; Ahammed, Z.; Ahn, S. U.; Aiola, S.; Akindinov, A.; Al-Turany, M.; Alam, S. N.; Albuquerque, D. S. D.; Aleksandrov, D.; Alessandro, B.; Alfaro Molina, R.; Ali, Y.; Alici, A.; Alkin, A.; Alme, J.; Alt, T.; Altenkamper, L.; Altsybeev, I.; Alves Garcia Prado, C.; Andrei, C.; Andreou, D.; Andrews, H. A.; Andronic, A.; Anguelov, V.; Anson, C.; Antičić, T.; Antinori, F.; Antonioli, P.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelshäuser, H.; Arcelli, S.; Arnaldi, R.; Arnold, O. W.; Arsene, I. C.; Arslandok, M.; Audurier, B.; Augustinus, A.; Averbeck, R.; Azmi, M. D.; Badalà, A.; Baek, Y. W.; Bagnasco, S.; Bailhache, R.; Bala, R.; Baldisseri, A.; Ball, M.; Baral, R. C.; Barbano, A. M.; Barbera, R.; Barile, F.; Barioglio, L.; Barnaföldi, G. G.; Barnby, L. S.; Barret, V.; Bartalini, P.; Barth, K.; Bartsch, E.; Bastid, N.; Basu, S.; Batigne, G.; Batyunya, B.; Batzing, P. C.; Bazo Alba, J. L.; Bearden, I. G.; Beck, H.; Bedda, C.; Behera, N. K.; Belikov, I.; Bellini, F.; Bello Martinez, H.; Bellwied, R.; Beltran, L. G. E.; Belyaev, V.; Bencedi, G.; Beole, S.; Bercuci, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Berenyi, D.; Bertens, R. A.; Berzano, D.; Betev, L.; Bhasin, A.; Bhat, I. R.; Bhattacharjee, B.; Bhom, J.; Bianchi, A.; Bianchi, L.; Bianchi, N.; Bianchin, C.; Bielčík, J.; Bielčíková, J.; Bilandzic, A.; Biro, G.; Biswas, R.; Biswas, S.; Blair, J. T.; Blau, D.; Blume, C.; Boca, G.; Bock, F.; Bogdanov, A.; Boldizsár, L.; Bombara, M.; Bonomi, G.; Bonora, M.; Book, J.; Borel, H.; Borissov, A.; Borri, M.; Botta, E.; Bourjau, C.; Bratrud, L.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Bregant, M.; Broker, T. A.; Broz, M.; Brucken, E. J.; Bruna, E.; Bruno, G. E.; Budnikov, D.; Buesching, H.; Bufalino, S.; Buhler, P.; Buncic, P.; Busch, O.; Buthelezi, Z.; Butt, J. B.; Buxton, J. T.; Cabala, J.; Caffarri, D.; Caines, H.; Caliva, A.; Calvo Villar, E.; Camerini, P.; Capon, A. A.; Carena, F.; Carena, W.; Carnesecchi, F.; Castillo Castellanos, J.; Castro, A. J.; Casula, E. A. R.; Ceballos Sanchez, C.; Chandra, S.; Chang, B.; Chang, W.; Chapeland, S.; Chartier, M.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chauvin, A.; Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Chibante Barroso, V.; Chinellato, D. D.; Cho, S.; Chochula, P.; Chojnacki, M.; Choudhury, S.; Chowdhury, T.; Christakoglou, P.; Christensen, C. H.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chung, S. U.; Cicalo, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Cindolo, F.; Cleymans, J.; Colamaria, F.; Colella, D.; Collu, A.; Colocci, M.; Concas, M.; Conesa Balbastre, G.; Conesa Del Valle, Z.; Contreras, J. G.; Cormier, T. M.; Corrales Morales, Y.; Cortés Maldonado, I.; Cortese, P.; Cosentino, M. R.; Costa, F.; Costanza, S.; Crkovská, J.; Crochet, P.; Cuautle, E.; Cunqueiro, L.; Dahms, T.; Dainese, A.; Danisch, M. C.; Danu, A.; Das, D.; Das, I.; Das, S.; Dash, A.; Dash, S.; de, S.; de Caro, A.; de Cataldo, G.; de Conti, C.; de Cuveland, J.; de Falco, A.; de Gruttola, D.; De Marco, N.; de Pasquale, S.; de Souza, R. D.; Degenhardt, H. F.; Deisting, A.; Deloff, A.; Deplano, C.; Dhankher, P.; di Bari, D.; di Mauro, A.; di Nezza, P.; di Ruzza, B.; Diaz Corchero, M. A.; Dietel, T.; Dillenseger, P.; Ding, Y.; Divià, R.; Djuvsland, Ø.; Dobrin, A.; Domenicis Gimenez, D.; Dönigus, B.; Dordic, O.; Doremalen, L. V. R.; Dubey, A. K.; Dubla, A.; Ducroux, L.; Dudi, S.; Duggal, A. K.; Dukhishyam, M.; Dupieux, P.; Ehlers, R. J.; Elia, D.; Endress, E.; Engel, H.; Epple, E.; Erazmus, B.; Erhardt, F.; Espagnon, B.; Eulisse, G.; Eum, J.; Evans, D.; Evdokimov, S.; Fabbietti, L.; Faivre, J.; Fantoni, A.; Fasel, M.; Feldkamp, L.; Feliciello, A.; Feofilov, G.; Fernández Téllez, A.; Ferreiro, E. G.; Ferretti, A.; Festanti, A.; Feuillard, V. J. G.; Figiel, J.; Figueredo, M. A. S.; Filchagin, S.; Finogeev, D.; Fionda, F. M.; Floris, M.; Foertsch, S.; Foka, P.; Fokin, S.; Fragiacomo, E.; Francescon, A.; Francisco, A.; Frankenfeld, U.; Fronze, G. G.; Fuchs, U.; Furget, C.; Furs, A.; Fusco Girard, M.; Gaardhøje, J. J.; Gagliardi, M.; Gago, A. M.; Gajdosova, K.; Gallio, M.; Galvan, C. D.; Ganoti, P.; Garabatos, C.; Garcia-Solis, E.; Garg, K.; Gargiulo, C.; Gasik, P.; Gauger, E. F.; Gay Ducati, M. B.; Germain, M.; Ghosh, J.; Ghosh, P.; Ghosh, S. K.; Gianotti, P.; Giubellino, P.; Giubilato, P.; Gladysz-Dziadus, E.; Glässel, P.; Goméz Coral, D. M.; Gomez Ramirez, A.; Gonzalez, A. S.; Gonzalez, V.; González-Zamora, P.; Gorbunov, S.; Görlich, L.; Gotovac, S.; Grabski, V.; Graczykowski, L. K.; Graham, K. L.; Greiner, L.; Grelli, A.; Grigoras, C.; Grigoriev, V.; Grigoryan, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Gronefeld, J. M.; Grosa, F.; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F.; Grosso, R.; Guber, F.; Guernane, R.; Guerzoni, B.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gunji, T.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Guzman, I. B.; Haake, R.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamar, G.; Hamon, J. C.; Haque, M. R.; Harris, J. W.; Harton, A.; Hassan, H.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Hayashi, S.; Heckel, S. T.; Hellbär, E.; Helstrup, H.; Herghelegiu, A.; Hernandez, E. G.; Herrera Corral, G.; Herrmann, F.; Hess, B. A.; Hetland, K. F.; Hillemanns, H.; Hills, C.; Hippolyte, B.; Hohlweger, B.; Horak, D.; Hornung, S.; Hosokawa, R.; Hristov, P.; Hughes, C.; Humanic, T. J.; Hussain, N.; Hussain, T.; Hutter, D.; Hwang, D. S.; Iga Buitron, S. A.; Ilkaev, R.; Inaba, M.; Ippolitov, M.; Islam, M. S.; Ivanov, M.; Ivanov, V.; Izucheev, V.; Jacak, B.; Jacazio, N.; Jacobs, P. M.; Jadhav, M. B.; Jadlovska, S.; Jadlovsky, J.; Jaelani, S.; Jahnke, C.; Jakubowska, M. J.; Janik, M. A.; Jayarathna, P. H. S. Y.; Jena, C.; Jercic, M.; Jimenez Bustamante, R. T.; Jones, P. G.; Jusko, A.; Kalinak, P.; Kalweit, A.; Kang, J. H.; Kaplin, V.; Kar, S.; Karasu Uysal, A.; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karayan, L.; Karczmarczyk, P.; Karpechev, E.; Kebschull, U.; Keidel, R.; Keijdener, D. L. D.; Keil, M.; Ketzer, B.; Khabanova, Z.; Khan, P.; Khan, S. A.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kharlov, Y.; Khatun, A.; Khuntia, A.; Kielbowicz, M. M.; Kileng, B.; Kim, B.; Kim, D.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. S.; Kim, J.; Kim, M.; Kim, S.; Kim, T.; Kirsch, S.; Kisel, I.; Kiselev, S.; Kisiel, A.; Kiss, G.; Klay, J. L.; Klein, C.; Klein, J.; Klein-Bösing, C.; Klewin, S.; Kluge, A.; Knichel, M. L.; Knospe, A. G.; Kobdaj, C.; Kofarago, M.; Köhler, M. K.; Kollegger, T.; Kondratiev, V.; Kondratyeva, N.; Kondratyuk, E.; Konevskikh, A.; Konyushikhin, M.; Kopcik, M.; Kour, M.; Kouzinopoulos, C.; Kovalenko, O.; Kovalenko, V.; Kowalski, M.; Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, G.; Králik, I.; Kravčáková, A.; Kreis, L.; Krivda, M.; Krizek, F.; Kryshen, E.; Krzewicki, M.; Kubera, A. M.; Kučera, V.; Kuhn, C.; Kuijer, P. G.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, J.; Kumar, L.; Kumar, S.; Kundu, S.; Kurashvili, P.; Kurepin, A.; Kurepin, A. B.; Kuryakin, A.; Kushpil, S.; Kweon, M. J.; Kwon, Y.; La Pointe, S. L.; La Rocca, P.; Lagana Fernandes, C.; Lai, Y. S.; Lakomov, I.; Langoy, R.; Lapidus, K.; Lara, C.; Lardeux, A.; Lattuca, A.; Laudi, E.; Lavicka, R.; Lea, R.; Leardini, L.; Lee, S.; Lehas, F.; Lehner, S.; Lehrbach, J.; Lemmon, R. C.; Leogrande, E.; León Monzón, I.; Lévai, P.; Li, X.; Lien, J.; Lietava, R.; Lim, B.; Lindal, S.; Lindenstruth, V.; Lindsay, S. W.; Lippmann, C.; Lisa, M. A.; Litichevskyi, V.; Llope, W. J.; Lodato, D. F.; Loenne, P. I.; Loginov, V.; Loizides, C.; Loncar, P.; Lopez, X.; López Torres, E.; Lowe, A.; Luettig, P.; Luhder, J. R.; Lunardon, M.; Luparello, G.; Lupi, M.; Lutz, T. H.; Maevskaya, A.; Mager, M.; Mahmood, S. M.; Maire, A.; Majka, R. D.; Malaev, M.; Malinina, L.; Mal'Kevich, D.; Malzacher, P.; Mamonov, A.; Manko, V.; Manso, F.; Manzari, V.; Mao, Y.; Marchisone, M.; Mareš, J.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Margotti, A.; Margutti, J.; Marín, A.; Markert, C.; Marquard, M.; Martin, N. A.; Martinengo, P.; Martinez, J. A. L.; Martínez, M. I.; Martínez García, G.; Martinez Pedreira, M.; Masciocchi, S.; Masera, M.; Masoni, A.; Masson, E.; Mastroserio, A.; Mathis, A. M.; Matuoka, P. F. T.; Matyja, A.; Mayer, C.; Mazer, J.; Mazzilli, M.; Mazzoni, M. A.; Meddi, F.; Melikyan, Y.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Meninno, E.; Mercado Pérez, J.; Meres, M.; Mhlanga, S.; Miake, Y.; Mieskolainen, M. M.; Mihaylov, D. L.; Mikhaylov, K.; Mischke, A.; Mishra, A. N.; Miśkowiec, D.; Mitra, J.; Mitu, C. M.; Mohammadi, N.; Mohanty, A. P.; Mohanty, B.; Mohisin Khan, M.; Montes, E.; Moreira de Godoy, D. A.; Moreno, L. A. P.; Moretto, S.; Morreale, A.; Morsch, A.; Muccifora, V.; Mudnic, E.; Mühlheim, D.; Muhuri, S.; Mulligan, J. D.; Munhoz, M. G.; Münning, K.; Munzer, R. H.; Murakami, H.; Murray, S.; Musa, L.; Musinsky, J.; Myers, C. J.; Myrcha, J. W.; Nag, D.; Naik, B.; Nair, R.; Nandi, B. K.; Nania, R.; Nappi, E.; Narayan, A.; Naru, M. U.; Natal da Luz, H.; Nattrass, C.; Navarro, S. R.; Nayak, K.; Nayak, R.; Nayak, T. K.; Nazarenko, S.; Negrao de Oliveira, R. A.; Nellen, L.; Nesbo, S. V.; Ng, F.; Nicassio, M.; Niculescu, M.; Niedziela, J.; Nielsen, B. S.; Nikolaev, S.; Nikulin, S.; Nikulin, V.; Noferini, F.; Nomokonov, P.; Nooren, G.; Noris, J. C. C.; Norman, J.; Nyanin, A.; Nystrand, J.; Oeschler, H.; Oh, H.; Ohlson, A.; Okubo, T.; Olah, L.; Oleniacz, J.; Oliveira da Silva, A. C.; Oliver, M. H.; Onderwaater, J.; Oppedisano, C.; Orava, R.; Oravec, M.; Ortiz Velasquez, A.; Oskarsson, A.; Otwinowski, J.; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Pacik, V.; Pagano, D.; Paić, G.; Palni, P.; Pan, J.; Pandey, A. K.; Panebianco, S.; Papikyan, V.; Pareek, P.; Park, J.; Parmar, S.; Passfeld, A.; Pathak, S. P.; Patra, R. N.; Paul, B.; Pei, H.; Peitzmann, T.; Peng, X.; Pereira, L. G.; Pereira da Costa, H.; Peresunko, D.; Perez Lezama, E.; Peskov, V.; Pestov, Y.; Petráček, V.; Petrov, V.; Petrovici, M.; Petta, C.; Pezzi, R. P.; Piano, S.; Pikna, M.; Pillot, P.; Pimentel, L. O. D. L.; Pinazza, O.; Pinsky, L.; Piyarathna, D. B.; Płoskoń, M.; Planinic, M.; Pliquett, F.; Pluta, J.; Pochybova, S.; Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Polichtchouk, B.; Poljak, N.; Poonsawat, W.; Pop, A.; Poppenborg, H.; Porteboeuf-Houssais, S.; Pozdniakov, V.; Prasad, S. K.; Preghenella, R.; Prino, F.; Pruneau, C. A.; Pshenichnov, I.; Puccio, M.; Punin, V.; Putschke, J.; Raha, S.; Rajput, S.; Rak, J.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Ramello, L.; Rami, F.; Rana, D. B.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Räsänen, S. S.; Rascanu, B. T.; Rathee, D.; Ratza, V.; Ravasenga, I.; Read, K. F.; Redlich, K.; Rehman, A.; Reichelt, P.; Reidt, F.; Ren, X.; Renfordt, R.; Reshetin, A.; Reygers, K.; Riabov, V.; Richert, T.; Richter, M.; Riedler, P.; Riegler, W.; Riggi, F.; Ristea, C.; Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M.; Røed, K.; Rogochaya, E.; Rohr, D.; Röhrich, D.; Rokita, P. S.; Ronchetti, F.; Rosas, E. D.; Rosnet, P.; Rossi, A.; Rotondi, A.; Roukoutakis, F.; Roy, C.; Roy, P.; Rubio Montero, A. J.; Rueda, O. V.; Rui, R.; Rumyantsev, B.; Rustamov, A.; Ryabinkin, E.; Ryabov, Y.; Rybicki, A.; Saarinen, S.; Sadhu, S.; Sadovsky, S.; Šafařík, K.; Saha, S. K.; Sahlmuller, B.; Sahoo, B.; Sahoo, P.; Sahoo, R.; Sahoo, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Saini, J.; Sakai, S.; Saleh, M. A.; Salzwedel, J.; Sambyal, S.; Samsonov, V.; Sandoval, A.; Sarkar, A.; Sarkar, D.; Sarkar, N.; Sarma, P.; Sas, M. H. P.; Scapparone, E.; Scarlassara, F.; Schaefer, B.; Scheid, H. S.; Schiaua, C.; Schicker, R.; Schmidt, C.; Schmidt, H. R.; Schmidt, M. O.; Schmidt, M.; Schmidt, N. V.; Schukraft, J.; Schutz, Y.; Schwarz, K.; Schweda, K.; Scioli, G.; Scomparin, E.; Šefčík, M.; Seger, J. E.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Sekihata, D.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Senosi, K.; Senyukov, S.; Serradilla, E.; Sett, P.; Sevcenco, A.; Shabanov, A.; Shabetai, A.; Shahoyan, R.; Shaikh, W.; Shangaraev, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, M.; Sharma, M.; Sharma, N.; Sheikh, A. I.; Shigaki, K.; Shirinkin, S.; Shou, Q.; Shtejer, K.; Sibiriak, Y.; Siddhanta, S.; Sielewicz, K. M.; Siemiarczuk, T.; Silaeva, S.; Silvermyr, D.; Simatovic, G.; Simonetti, G.; Singaraju, R.; Singh, R.; Singhal, V.; Sinha, T.; Sitar, B.; Sitta, M.; Skaali, T. B.; Slupecki, M.; Smirnov, N.; Snellings, R. J. M.; Snellman, T. W.; Song, J.; Song, M.; Soramel, F.; Sorensen, S.; Sozzi, F.; Sputowska, I.; Stachel, J.; Stan, I.; Stankus, P.; Stenlund, E.; Stocco, D.; Storetvedt, M. M.; Strmen, P.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Sugitate, T.; Suire, C.; Suleymanov, M.; Suljic, M.; Sultanov, R.; Šumbera, M.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Suzuki, K.; Swain, S.; Szabo, A.; Szarka, I.; Tabassam, U.; Takahashi, J.; Tambave, G. J.; Tanaka, N.; Tarhini, M.; Tariq, M.; Tarzila, M. G.; Tauro, A.; Tejeda Muñoz, G.; Telesca, A.; Terasaki, K.; Terrevoli, C.; Teyssier, B.; Thakur, D.; Thakur, S.; Thomas, D.; Thoresen, F.; Tieulent, R.; Tikhonov, A.; Timmins, A. R.; Toia, A.; Toppi, M.; Torres, S. R.; Tripathy, S.; Trogolo, S.; Trombetta, G.; Tropp, L.; Trubnikov, V.; Trzaska, W. H.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsuji, T.; Tumkin, A.; Turrisi, R.; Tveter, T. S.; Ullaland, K.; Umaka, E. N.; Uras, A.; Usai, G. L.; Utrobicic, A.; Vala, M.; van der Maarel, J.; van Hoorne, J. W.; van Leeuwen, M.; Vanat, T.; Vande Vyvre, P.; Varga, D.; Vargas, A.; Vargyas, M.; Varma, R.; Vasileiou, M.; Vasiliev, A.; Vauthier, A.; Vázquez Doce, O.; Vechernin, V.; Veen, A. M.; Velure, A.; Vercellin, E.; Vergara Limón, S.; Vernet, R.; Vértesi, R.; Vickovic, L.; Vigolo, S.; Viinikainen, J.; Vilakazi, Z.; Villalobos Baillie, O.; Villatoro Tello, A.; Vinogradov, A.; Vinogradov, L.; Virgili, T.; Vislavicius, V.; Vodopyanov, A.; Völkl, M. A.; Voloshin, K.; Voloshin, S. A.; Volpe, G.; von Haller, B.; Vorobyev, I.; Voscek, D.; Vranic, D.; Vrláková, J.; Wagner, B.; Wang, H.; Wang, M.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, Y.; Weber, M.; Weber, S. G.; Weiser, D. F.; Wenzel, S. C.; Wessels, J. P.; Westerhoff, U.; Whitehead, A. M.; Wiechula, J.; Wikne, J.; Wilk, G.; Wilkinson, J.; Willems, G. A.; Williams, M. C. S.; Willsher, E.; Windelband, B.; Witt, W. E.; Xu, R.; Yalcin, S.; Yamakawa, K.; Yang, P.; Yano, S.; Yin, Z.; Yokoyama, H.; Yoo, I.-K.; Yoon, J. H.; Yun, E.; Yurchenko, V.; Zaccolo, V.; Zaman, A.; Zampolli, C.; Zanoli, H. J. C.; Zardoshti, N.; Zarochentsev, A.; Závada, P.; Zaviyalov, N.; Zbroszczyk, H.; Zhalov, M.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, C.; Zhigareva, N.; Zhou, D.; Zhou, Y.; Zhou, Z.; Zhu, H.; Zhu, J.; Zhu, Y.; Zichichi, A.; Zimmermann, M. B.; Zinovjev, G.; Zmeskal, J.; Zou, S.; Alice Collaboration

2018-03-01

Results on the production of 4He and He4‾ nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at √{sNN } = 2.76TeV in the rapidity range | y | < 1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN / dy 4He = (0.8 ± 0.4 (stat) ± 0.3 (syst)) ×10-6 and dN / dyHe4‾ = (1.1 ± 0.4 (stat) ± 0.2 (syst)) ×10-6, respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (Tchem = 156MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of He4‾/4 He is 1.4 ± 0.8 (stat) ± 0.5 (syst).

Multiparticle Production in Particle and Nuclear Collisions. I

Science.gov (United States)

Kanki, T.; Kinoshita, K.; Sumiyoshi, H.; Takagi, F.

The dominant phenomenon in high-energy particle and nuclear collisions is multiple production of hadrons. This had attracted may physicists in 1950's, the period of the first remarkable development of particle physics. Multiparticle production was already observed in cosmic-ray experiments and expected to be explained as a natural consequence of the strong Yukawa interaction. Statistical and hydrodynamical models were then proposed by Fermi, Landau and others. These theories are still surviving even today as a prototype of modern ``fire-ball'' models. After twenty years, a golden age came in this field of physics. It was closely related to the rapid development of accelerator facilities, especially, the invention of colliding-beam machines which yield high enough center-of-mass energies for studying reactions with high multiplicity. Abundant data on final states of multiparticle production have been accumulated mainly by measuring inclusive cross sections and multiplicity distributions. In super high-energy bar{p}p collisions at CERN S pmacr pS Collider, we confirmed the increasing total cross section and found violations of many scaling laws which seemed to be valid at lower energies. This suggests a fundamental complexity of the multiparticle phenomena and offers new materials for further development of theoretical investigations. In the same period, studies of constituent (quark-gluon) structure of hadrons had also been develped. Nowadays, pysicists believe that the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental law of the hadronic world. Multiparticle dynamics should also be described by QCD. We have known that the hard-jet phenomena are well explained by the perturbative QCD. On the other hand, the soft processes are considered to be non-perturbative phenomena which have not yet been solved, and related to the mechanism of the color confinement and formation of strings or color-flux tubes. Multiparticle production would offer useful information on this

Multiparticle Production in Particle and Nuclear Collisions. II

Science.gov (United States)

Kanki, T.; Kinoshita, K.; Sumiyoshi, H.; Takagi, F.

The dominant phenomenon in high-energy particle and nuclear collisions is multiple production of hadrons. This had attracted may physicists in 1950's, the period of the first remarkable development of particle physics. Multiparticle production was already observed in cosmic-ray experiments and expected to be explained as a natural consequence of the strong Yukawa interaction. Statistical and hydrodynamical models were then proposed by Fermi, Landau and others. These theories are still surviving even today as a prototype of modern ``fire-ball'' models. After twenty years, a golden age came in this field of physics. It was closely related to the rapid development of accelerator facilities, especially, the invention of colliding-beam machines which yield high enough center-of-mass energies for studying reactions with high multiplicity. Abundant data on final states of multiparticle production have been accumulated mainly by measuring inclusive cross sections and multiplicity distributions. In super high-energy bar{p}p collisions at CERN S pmacr pS Collider, we confirmed the increasing total cross section and found violations of many scaling laws which seemed to be valid at lower energies. This suggests a fundamental complexity of the multiparticle phenomena and offers new materials for further development of theoretical investigations. In the same period, studies of constituent (quark-gluon) structure of hadrons had also been develped. Nowadays, pysicists believe that the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental law of the hadronic world. Multiparticle dynamics should also be described by QCD. We have known that the hard-jet phenomena are well explained by the perturbative QCD. On the other hand, the soft processes are considered to be non-perturbative phenomena which have not yet been solved, and related to the mechanism of the color confinement and formation of strings or color-flux tubes. Multiparticle production would offer useful information on this

Hard Two-Body Photodisintegration of He3

Science.gov (United States)

Pomerantz, I.; Ilieva, Y.; Gilman, R.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Piasetzky, E.; Strauch, S.; Adhikari, K. P.; Aghasyan, M.; Allada, K.; Amaryan, M. J.; Anefalos Pereira, S.; Anghinolfi, M.; Baghdasaryan, H.; Ball, J.; Baltzell, N. A.; Battaglieri, M.; Batourine, V.; Beck, A.; Beck, S.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Berman, B. L.; Biselli, A. S.; Boeglin, W.; Bono, J.; Bookwalter, C.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W. J.; Brooks, W. K.; Bubis, N.; Burkert, V.; Camsonne, A.; Canan, M.; Carman, D. S.; Celentano, A.; Chandavar, S.; Charles, G.; Chirapatpimol, K.; Cisbani, E.; Cole, P. L.; Contalbrigo, M.; Crede, V.; Cusanno, F.; D'Angelo, A.; Daniel, A.; Dashyan, N.; de Jager, C. W.; De Vita, R.; De Sanctis, E.; Deur, A.; Djalali, C.; Dodge, G. E.; Doughty, D.; Dupre, R.; Dutta, C.; Egiyan, H.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Eugenio, P.; Fedotov, G.; Fegan, S.; Fleming, J. A.; Fradi, A.; Garibaldi, F.; Geagla, O.; Gevorgyan, N.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Girod, F. X.; Glister, J.; Goetz, J. T.; Gohn, W.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R. W.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guegan, B.; Guidal, M.; Guo, L.; Hafidi, K.; Hakobyan, H.; Harrison, N.; Heddle, D.; Hicks, K.; Ho, D.; Holtrop, M.; Hyde, C. E.; Ireland, D. G.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Jiang, X.; Jo, H. S.; Joo, K.; Katramatou, A. T.; Keller, D.; Khandaker, M.; Khetarpal, P.; Khrosinkova, E.; Kim, A.; Kim, W.; Klein, F. J.; Koirala, S.; Kubarovsky, A.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuleshov, S. V.; Kvaltine, N. D.; Lee, B.; LeRose, J. J.; Lewis, S.; Lindgren, R.; Livingston, K.; Lu, H. Y.; MacGregor, I. J. D.; Mao, Y.; Martinez, D.; Mayer, M.; McCullough, E.; McKinnon, B.; Meekins, D.; Meyer, C. A.; Michaels, R.; Mineeva, T.; Mirazita, M.; Moffit, B.; Mokeev, V.; Montgomery, R. A.; Moutarde, H.; Munevar, E.; Munoz Camacho, C.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Nasseripour, R.; Nepali, C. S.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Paremuzyan, R.; Park, K.; Park, S.; Petratos, G. G.; Phelps, E.; Pisano, S.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.; Procureur, S.; Protopopescu, D.; Puckett, A. J. R.; Qian, X.; Qiang, Y.; Ricco, G.; Rimal, D.; Ripani, M.; Ritchie, B. G.; Rodriguez, I.; Ron, G.; Rosner, G.; Rossi, P.; Sabatié, F.; Saha, A.; Saini, M. S.; Sarty, A. J.; Sawatzky, B.; Saylor, N. A.; Schott, D.; Schulte, E.; Schumacher, R. A.; Seder, E.; Seraydaryan, H.; Shneor, R.; Smith, G. D.; Sokhan, D.; Sparveris, N.; Stepanyan, S. S.; Stepanyan, S.; Stoler, P.; Subedi, R.; Sulkosky, V.; Taiuti, M.; Tang, W.; Taylor, C. E.; Tkachenko, S.; Ungaro, M.; Vernarsky, B.; Vineyard, M. F.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Walford, N. K.; Wang, Y.; Watts, D. P.; Weinstein, L. B.; Weygand, D. P.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Wood, M. H.; Yan, X.; Yao, H.; Zachariou, N.; Zhan, X.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, Z. W.; Zheng, X.; Zonta, I.

2013-06-01

We have measured cross sections for the γHe3→pd reaction at photon energies of 0.4-1.4 GeV and a center-of-mass angle of 90°. We observe dimensional scaling above 0.7 GeV at this center-of-mass angle. This is the first observation of dimensional scaling in the photodisintegration of a nucleus heavier than the deuteron.

Hard two-body photodisintegration of 3He.

Science.gov (United States)

Pomerantz, I; Ilieva, Y; Gilman, R; Higinbotham, D W; Piasetzky, E; Strauch, S; Adhikari, K P; Aghasyan, M; Allada, K; Amaryan, M J; Anefalos Pereira, S; Anghinolfi, M; Baghdasaryan, H; Ball, J; Baltzell, N A; Battaglieri, M; Batourine, V; Beck, A; Beck, S; Bedlinskiy, I; Berman, B L; Biselli, A S; Boeglin, W; Bono, J; Bookwalter, C; Boiarinov, S; Briscoe, W J; Brooks, W K; Bubis, N; Burkert, V; Camsonne, A; Canan, M; Carman, D S; Celentano, A; Chandavar, S; Charles, G; Chirapatpimol, K; Cisbani, E; Cole, P L; Contalbrigo, M; Crede, V; Cusanno, F; D'Angelo, A; Daniel, A; Dashyan, N; de Jager, C W; De Vita, R; De Sanctis, E; Deur, A; Djalali, C; Dodge, G E; Doughty, D; Dupre, R; Dutta, C; Egiyan, H; El Alaoui, A; El Fassi, L; Eugenio, P; Fedotov, G; Fegan, S; Fleming, J A; Fradi, A; Garibaldi, F; Geagla, O; Gevorgyan, N; Giovanetti, K L; Girod, F X; Glister, J; Goetz, J T; Gohn, W; Golovatch, E; Gothe, R W; Griffioen, K A; Guegan, B; Guidal, M; Guo, L; Hafidi, K; Hakobyan, H; Harrison, N; Heddle, D; Hicks, K; Ho, D; Holtrop, M; Hyde, C E; Ireland, D G; Ishkhanov, B S; Isupov, E L; Jiang, X; Jo, H S; Joo, K; Katramatou, A T; Keller, D; Khandaker, M; Khetarpal, P; Khrosinkova, E; Kim, A; Kim, W; Klein, F J; Koirala, S; Kubarovsky, A; Kubarovsky, V; Kuleshov, S V; Kvaltine, N D; Lee, B; LeRose, J J; Lewis, S; Lindgren, R; Livingston, K; Lu, H Y; MacGregor, I J D; Mao, Y; Martinez, D; Mayer, M; McCullough, E; McKinnon, B; Meekins, D; Meyer, C A; Michaels, R; Mineeva, T; Mirazita, M; Moffit, B; Mokeev, V; Montgomery, R A; Moutarde, H; Munevar, E; Munoz Camacho, C; Nadel-Turonski, P; Nasseripour, R; Nepali, C S; Niccolai, S; Niculescu, G; Niculescu, I; Osipenko, M; Ostrovidov, A I; Pappalardo, L L; Paremuzyan, R; Park, K; Park, S; Petratos, G G; Phelps, E; Pisano, S; Pogorelko, O; Pozdniakov, S; Procureur, S; Protopopescu, D; Puckett, A J R; Qian, X; Qiang, Y; Ricco, G; Rimal, D; Ripani, M; Ritchie, B G; Rodriguez, I; Ron, G; Rosner, G; Rossi, P; Sabatié, F; Saha, A; Saini, M S; Sarty, A J; Sawatzky, B; Saylor, N A; Schott, D; Schulte, E; Schumacher, R A; Seder, E; Seraydaryan, H; Shneor, R; Smith, G D; Sokhan, D; Sparveris, N; Stepanyan, S S; Stepanyan, S; Stoler, P; Subedi, R; Sulkosky, V; Taiuti, M; Tang, W; Taylor, C E; Tkachenko, S; Ungaro, M; Vernarsky, B; Vineyard, M F; Voskanyan, H; Voutier, E; Walford, N K; Wang, Y; Watts, D P; Weinstein, L B; Weygand, D P; Wojtsekhowski, B; Wood, M H; Yan, X; Yao, H; Zachariou, N; Zhan, X; Zhang, J; Zhao, Z W; Zheng, X; Zonta, I

2013-06-14

We have measured cross sections for the γ(3)He → pd reaction at photon energies of 0.4-1.4 GeV and a center-of-mass angle of 90°. We observe dimensional scaling above 0.7 GeV at this center-of-mass angle. This is the first observation of dimensional scaling in the photodisintegration of a nucleus heavier than the deuteron.

Global entanglement in multiparticle systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meyer, David A.; Wallach, Nolan R.

2002-01-01

We define a polynomial measure of multiparticle entanglement which is scalable, i.e., which applies to any number of spin-(1/2) particles. By evaluating it for three particle states, for eigenstates of the one dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet and on quantum error correcting code subspaces, we illustrate the extent to which it quantifies global entanglement. We also apply it to track the evolution of entanglement during a quantum computation

Proton rapidity distribution in nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, F.H.

2002-01-01

The proton rapidity distributions in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) and the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) energies are analysed by the revised thermalized cylinder model. The calculated results are compared and found to he in agreement with the experimental data of Si-AI and Si-Pb collisions at 14.6 A GeV/c, Pb-Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c, and S-S collisions at 200 A GeV/c. (Author)

Nonlinear second- and first-sound wave equations in 3He-4He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohazzab, Masoud; Mulders, Norbert

2000-01-01

We derive nonlinear Burgers equations for first and second sound in mixtures of 3 He- 4 He, using a reductive perturbation method and obtain expressions for the nonlinear and dissipation coefficients. We further find a diffusion equation for a coupled temperature-concentration mode. The amplitude of first (second) sound generated from second (first) sound in mixtures is also derived. Our derivation includes the dependence of thermodynamical quantities on temperature, pressure, and 3 He concentration, and is valid up to a first order in terms of the isobaric expansion coefficient. We show that close to the λ line the nonlinearity of second sound in mixtures is enhanced as compared with pure 4 He

3He(d,p)4He reaction calculation with three-body Faddeev equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oryu, S.; Uzu, E.; Sunahara, H.; Yamada, T.; Tabaru, G.; Hino, T.

1998-01-01

In order to investigate the 3 He-n-p system as a three-body problem, we have formulated 3 He-n and 3 H-p effective potentials using both a microscopic treatment and a phenomenological approach. In the microscopic treatment, potentials are generated by means of the resonating group method (RGM) based on the Minnesota nucleon-nucleon potential. These potentials are converted into separable form by means of the microscopic Pauli correct (MPC) method. The MPC potentials are properly formulated to avoid Pauli forbidden states. The phenomenological potentials are obtained by modifying parameters of the EST approximation to the Paris nucleon-nucleon potential, such that they fit the low-energy 3 He-n, 3 H-p, and 3 He-p phase shifts. Therefore, they describe the 3 He-n differential cross section, the polarization observables, and the energy levels of 4 He. The 3 He-n-p Faddeev equations are solved numerically. We reproduce correctly the ground state and the first excited state of 5 Li. Furthermore, the Paris-type potential is used to investigate the 3 He(d,p) 4 He reaction at a deuteron bombarding energy of 270 MeV, where the system is treated as a three-body problem. Results for the polarized and unpolarized differential cross sections demonstrate convergence of the Born series. (orig.)

Multiparticle entanglement under the influence of decoherence

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gühne, O.; Bodoky, F.; Blaauboer, M.

2008-01-01

We present a method to determine the decay of multiparticle quantum correlations as quantified by the geometric measure of entanglement under the influence of decoherence. With this, we compare the robustness of entanglement in Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ), cluster, W, and Dicke states of four

Extent of multiparticle quantum nonlocality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, Nick S.; Linden, Noah; Massar, Serge

2005-01-01

It is well known that entangled quantum states are nonlocal: the corrrelations between local measurements carried out on these states cannot be reproduced by local hidden variable models. Svetlichny, followed by others, showed that multipartite quantum states are more nonlocal than bipartite ones in the sense that even some nonlocal classical models with (super-luminal) communication between some of the parties cannot reproduce the quantum correlations. Here we study in detail the kinds of nonlocality present in quantum states. More precisely, we enquire what kinds of classical communication patterns cannot reproduce quantum correlations. By studying the extremal points of the space of all multiparty probability distributions, in which all parties can make one of a pair of measurements each with two possible outcomes, we find a necessary condition for classical nonlocal models to reproduce the statistics of all quantum states. This condition extends and generalizes work of Svetlichny and others in which it was showed that a particular class of classical nonlocal models, the 'separable' models, cannot reproduce the statistics of all multiparticle quantum states. Our condition shows that the nonlocality present in some entangled multiparticle quantum states is much stronger than previously thought. We also study the sufficiency of our condition

Three-critical phenomena in the He3-He4 mixture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carvalho Filho, C.A.A. de.

1976-07-01

A review of the phenomenology of tricritical behaviour in He 3 -He 4 mixtures is made. Starting from a model proposed by Blume, Emery and Griffiths the tricritical transition is investigated by means of the Renormalization Group making use of the Callan-Symanzik equation and usual perturbative methods of Relativistic Quantum Field Theory. Mean-field tricritical exponents and logarithmic corrections are found in a sup(n) unified context. The structure of scaling laws is also studied. (author) [pt

Growth and dissolution of liquid 3He droplets in solid 4He matrix

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gan'shin, A.N.; Grigor'ev, V.N.; Majdanov, V.A.; Penzev, A.A.; Rudavskij, Eh.Ya.; Rybalko, A.S.

2000-01-01

The phase separation kinetics of solid 3 He - 4 He mixtures was investigated using pressure measurements in the conditions when the two-phase system formed consists of concentrated phase liquid droplets (almost pure 3 He) in the dilute phase crystal matrix (almost pure 4 He). It is shown that the liquid droplet growth may be described by a sum of two exponential processes with small and large time contacts as cooling down step by step. This is a result of the strong influence of strains which appear in the crystal at the phase separation due to a large difference in molar volume between the phases and probably give rise to plastic deformation of the matrix and to non-equilibrium 3 He concentration in it. The 3 He atom transfer occurs only to the extent of strain relaxation. It is found that the cyclic growth and dissolution of the liquid droplets affect the crystal quality and lead to pressure increase. The coexistence of liquid and solid phases in droplets is speculated to be possible

Proton multiplicity distributions in pion-xenon nucleus collisions at 3.5 GeV/c

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strugalski, Z.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.

1980-01-01

Experimental results from the proton emission investigation in 3.5 GeV/c pion minus-xenon nucleus collisions detected in the 180 xenon bubble chamber are presented and analyzed. The emitted protons are of kinetic energies from 20 to 400 MeV. Multiplicity distributions of protons both accompanied and not accompanied by secondary charged and neutral pions are given. Large proton multiplicities are observed in the events without multiparticle production, the proton multiplicity distribution in this class of events being of an irregular character. The experimental results are well described in the model based on the following hypothesis: a high energy hadron traversing the target causes the monotonous emission of the fast protons in numbers nsub(p) being equal to the number of protons encountered in the neighbourhood of its path inside the nucleus target. In this case the multiple production goes through some intermediate states which decay after having left the target nucleus

Determination of cross sections for 12C-nucleus interactions at 4.5 GeV/c per incident nucleon momentum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aksinenko, V.D.; Anikina, M.Kh.; Buttsev, V.S.

1980-01-01

Interactions of relativistic 12 C nuclei with C, Ne, Si, Cu, Zr pure nuclear targets haVe been studied in the SKM-200 streamer chamber. The cross sections have been determined for inelastic interactions and for the emission of at least one negative particle. An analysis of possible sources of systematic errors has been performed. A comparison is made with results of other experiments and data obtained eaplier by the SKM-200 Collaboration for 4 He-nucleus interactions

Examination of X-ray spectra from the antiprotonic helium isotopes 3He and 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, M.

1987-05-01

Using the high intensity antiprotonic LEAR beam at CERN (Geneva), several measurements were done to investigate the X-ray spectra of the antiprotonic Helium isotopes 3 He and 4 He. For the first time antiprotons were stopped in gases at low pressures (600, 375, 72 and 36 mbar), which permitted observations on nearly isolated atoms. A newly developed method for stopping the antiprotons in gases by means of a focusing cyclotron field surrounding the target gas was used. The field was supplied by a superconducting magnet ('cyclotron trap'). The antiprotons were tangentially injected into the cyclotron field, where they slowed down by ionising the target gas. The inhomogeneous magnetic field guided the antiprotons in spiral orbits to the magnetic center. Thus, even at low pressures a very small stopping volume could be achieved. To detect the X-rays different Si(Li)- and Ge-semiconductor detectors were used, some of which were furnished with 'guard-rings'. They were used to investigate the effects of the strong interaction between the antiproton and the nucleus in the (3d → 2p) transition in both isotopes. The analyzis of this transition permitted directly the determination of the shift and width of the 2p-level. The width of the 3d-level could be determined only indirectly using an intensity balance. The utilization of gases with different pressures permitted investigations of the pressure dependence of the antiprotonic deexcitation process. The results for the widths and shifts were compared with earlier measurements and theoretical predictions. The theory agrees only partly with the measurements. The evaluation of a complex scattering length using an optical model contradicts some of the results of calculations. (orig.) [de

Multi-particle assembled porous nanostructured MgO: its application in fluoride removal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gangaiah, Vijayakumar; Chandrappa, Gujjarahalli Thimanna; Siddaramanna, Ashoka

2014-01-01

In this article, a simple and economical route based on ethylene glycol mediated process was developed to synthesize one-dimensional (1D) multiparticle assembled nanostructured MgO using magnesium acetate and urea as reactants. Porous multiparticle chain-like MgO has been synthesized by the calcination of a solvothermally derived single nanostructured precursor. The prepared products were characterized by an x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, thermogravimetry, scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and N 2 adsorption (BET). As a proof of concept, the porous multiparticle chain-like MgO has been applied in a water treatment for isolated and rural communities, and it has exhibited an excellent adsorption capability to remove fluoride in waste water. In addition, this method could be generalized to prepare other 1D nanostructures with great potential for various attractive applications. (paper)

X-ray Debye-Waller factor measurements of solid 3He and 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arms, D.A.; Shah, R.S.; Simmons, R.O.

2003-01-01

X-ray synchrotron radiation was used to measure Debye-Waller factors of helium crystals for both 3 He and 4 He in both hcp and fcc phases. To our knowledge, there are no previous measurements for 3 He. The ranges studied for 3 He and 4 He crystals were 11.52-12.82 and 10.95-12.13 cm 3 , respectively, and 11.5-18.2 and 12.0-20.3 K. With small uncertainty, only a Gaussian dependence upon momentum transfer Q was found, and no anisotropy was detected in the hcp phase. Mean square atomic deviations, 2 >, and Lindemann ratios were obtained. Large Lindemann ratios confirm that these solids are highly anharmonic. The 2 > values agree within an average 1% with computations of Draeger and Ceperley from path integral Monte Carlo methods including unusual extrapolations to the thermodynamic limit. Because the path-integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) computations exhibit a T 3 dependence for 2 >, which also depends upon molar volume, an empirical analysis was made of the present data as well as of published x-ray and neutron data on hcp 4 He. The volume dependencies are similar to those found from calorimetry, over a large volume range, and the temperature dependencies show similar systematic variations with molar volume both in x-ray data and PIMC results

Geometric methods in multiparticle quantum systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simon, B.

1977-01-01

Technically simple proofs are given of the HVZ theorem on the bottom of the essential spectrum of multiparticle systems and of Combes' result on completeness below the lowest three body threshold. The first proof is a variant of a proof of Enss and a decendent of Zhislin's original proof. Finally, we apply our methods to the bound state spectrum. (orig.) [de

Geometrical aspects of reaction cross sections for 3He, 4He and 12C projectiles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ingemarsson, A.; Lantz, M.

2003-04-01

A black-disc model combined with accurate matter densities has been used for an investigation of reaction cross sections for 3 He, 4 He and 12 C projectiles. A simple relation is derived between the energy dependence of the reaction cross sections and the strength of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. A comparison is also made of the reaction cross sections for 3 He and 4 He for six different nuclei 12 C, 16 O, 40 Ca, 58,60 Ni and 208 Pb

Effects of {Delta}-isobar degrees of freedom on the reactions {sup 3}He(n,{gamma}){sup 4}He and {sup 3}He(p,e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}){sup 4}He at low-energy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schiavilla, R.

1991-12-31

The cross sections of the radiative {sup 3}He(n,{gamma}){sup 4}He and weak {sup 3}He(p,e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}){sup 4}He capture reactions at thermal neutron and keV proton energies have been calculated with the Variational Monte Carlo method. The ground state and low-energy continuum wave functions have been determined variationally from a realistic Hamiltonian, and include both nucleon and {Delta}-isobar degrees of freedom. The electroweak transition operator contains one- and two-body components in the N + {Delta} Hilbert space.

Effects of. Delta. -isobar degrees of freedom on the reactions sup 3 He(n,. gamma. ) sup 4 He and sup 3 He(p,e sup +. nu. sub e ) sup 4 He at low-energy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schiavilla, R.

1991-01-01

The cross sections of the radiative {sup 3}He(n,{gamma}){sup 4}He and weak {sup 3}He(p,e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}){sup 4}He capture reactions at thermal neutron and keV proton energies have been calculated with the Variational Monte Carlo method. The ground state and low-energy continuum wave functions have been determined variationally from a realistic Hamiltonian, and include both nucleon and {Delta}-isobar degrees of freedom. The electroweak transition operator contains one- and two-body components in the N + {Delta} Hilbert space.

Primary populations of metastable antiprotonic $^{4}He$ and $^{3}He$ atoms

CERN Document Server

Hori, Masaki; Hayano, R S; Ishikawa, T; Sakuguchi, J; Tasaki, T; Widmann, E; Yamaguchi, H; Torii, H A; Juhász, B; Horváth, D; Yamazaki, T

2002-01-01

Initial population distributions of metastable antiprotonic **4He and **3He atoms over principal and angular momentum quantum numbers were investigated using laser spectroscopy. The total fractions of antiprotons captured into the metastable states of the atoms were deduced. Cascade calculations were performed using the measure populations to reproduce the delayed annihilation time spectrum. Results showed agreement between the simulated and measured spectra. (Edited abstract) 30 Refs.

Structure properties of the 3He-4He mixture at T = O K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boronat, J.; Polls, A.; Fabrocini, A.

1993-01-01

The spatial structure properties of 3 He- 4 He mixtures at T = O K are investigated using the hypernetted-chain formalism. The variational wave function used to describe the ground-state of the mixture is a simple generalization of the trial wave functions for pure phases and contains two- and three-body correlations. The elementary diagrams are taken into account by means of an extension of the scaling approximation to the mixtures. The two-body distribution (g (α,β) (r)) and the structure functions (S (α,β) (k)) together with the different spin-spin distribution functions for the 3 He component in the mixture are analyzed for several concentrations of 3 He. Two sum-rules, for the direct and the exchange part of the g (3,3) (r), are used to ascertain the importance of the full treatment of the Fermi statistics in the calculation. The statistical correlations are found responsible for the main differences between the several components of the distribution function. Due to its low concentration, 3 He behaves as a quasi-free Fermi gas, as far as the statistical correlations are concerned, although it is strongly correlated with the 4 He atoms through the interatomic potential

186Os and 187Os enrichments and high-3He/4He sources in the Earth's mantle

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brandon, A.D.; Graham, D.W.; Waight, Tod Earle

2007-01-01

at present remains core-mantle interaction. While some plumes with high 3He/4He, such as Hawaii, appear to have been subjected to detectable addition of Os (and possibly He) from the outer core, others such as Iceland do not. A positive correlation between 187Os/188Os and 3He/4He from 9.6 to 19 Ra in Iceland...

Measurements of Multiparticle Correlations in d +Au Collisions at 200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV and p +Au Collisions at 200 GeV and Implications for Collective Behavior

Science.gov (United States)

Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Aoki, K.; Apadula, N.; Asano, H.; Ayuso, C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bagoly, A.; Bandara, N. S.; Barish, K. N.; Bathe, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Blau, D. S.; Boer, M.; Bok, J. S.; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bumazhnov, V.; Butler, C.; Campbell, S.; Canoa Roman, V.; Cervantes, R.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Citron, Z.; Connors, M.; Cronin, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Danley, T. W.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Deblasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dion, A.; Dixit, D.; Do, J. H.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Dumancic, M.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Elder, T.; Enokizono, A.; En'yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Fadem, B.; Fan, W.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fokin, S. L.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukuda, Y.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Goto, Y.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gunji, T.; Guragain, H.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; He, X.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hill, J. C.; Hill, K.; Hodges, A.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Imai, K.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Ito, Y.; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Jezghani, M.; Ji, Z.; Jiang, X.; Johnson, B. M.; Jorjadze, V.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kang, J. H.; Kapukchyan, D.; Karthas, S.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Khachatryan, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, M.; Kim, M. H.; Kincses, D.; Kistenev, E.; Klatsky, J.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Kotov, D.; Kudo, S.; Kurita, K.; Kwon, Y.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lallow, E. O.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, S.; Lee, S. H.; Leitch, M. J.; Leung, Y. H.; Lewis, N. A.; Li, X.; Lim, S. H.; Liu, L. D.; Liu, M. X.; Loggins, V.-R.; Lökös, S.; Lovasz, K.; Lynch, D.; Majoros, T.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Malaev, M.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Masuda, H.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Mendoza, M.; Metzger, W. J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mihalik, D. E.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D. K.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitsuka, G.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Morrow, S. I. M.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Nagai, K.; Nagashima, K.; Nagashima, T.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Niida, T.; Nouicer, R.; Novák, T.; Novitzky, N.; Novotny, R.; Nyanin, A. S.; O'Brien, E.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Osborn, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ottino, G. J.; Ozawa, K.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, J. S.; Park, S.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, M.; Peng, W.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perezlara, C. E.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Phipps, M.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pisani, R. P.; Pun, A.; Purschke, M. L.; Radzevich, P. V.; Read, K. F.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richford, D.; Rinn, T.; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rowan, Z.; Runchey, J.; Safonov, A. S.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, K.; Sato, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seidl, R.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shioya, T.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Skoby, M. J.; Slunečka, M.; Smith, K. L.; Snowball, M.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stankus, P. W.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Syed, S.; Sziklai, J.; Takeda, A.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tarnai, G.; Tieulent, R.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Tomášek, M.; Towell, C. L.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Ueda, Y.; Ujvari, B.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vazquez-Carson, S.; Velkovska, J.; Virius, M.; Vrba, V.; Vukman, N.; Wang, X. R.; Wang, Z.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wong, C. P.; Woody, C. L.; Xu, C.; Xu, Q.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yamamoto, H.; Yanovich, A.; Yin, P.; Yoo, J. H.; Yoon, I.; Yu, H.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zelenski, A.; Zharko, S.; Zou, L.; Phenix Collaboration

2018-02-01

Recently, multiparticle-correlation measurements of relativistic p /d /He 3 +Au , p +Pb , and even p +p collisions show surprising collective signatures. Here, we present beam-energy-scan measurements of two-, four-, and six-particle angular correlations in d +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 , 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV. We also present measurements of two- and four-particle angular correlations in p +Au collisions at √{sN N}=200 GeV . We find the four-particle cumulant to be real valued for d +Au collisions at all four energies. We also find that the four-particle cumulant in p +Au has the opposite sign as that in d +Au . Further, we find that the six-particle cumulant agrees with the four-particle cumulant in d +Au collisions at 200 GeV, indicating that nonflow effects are subdominant. These observations provide strong evidence that the correlations originate from the initial geometric configuration, which is then translated into the momentum distribution for all particles, commonly referred to as collectivity.

BBN predictions for 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Walker, T.P.

1993-01-01

The standard model of the hot big bang assumes a homogeneous and isotropic Universe with gravity described by General Relativity and strong and electroweak interactions described by the Standard Model of particle physics. The hot big bang model makes the unavoidable prediction that the production of primordial elements occurred about one minute after the big band (referred to as big bang or primordial nucleosynthesis BBN). This review concerns the range of the primordial abundance of 4 He as predicted by standard BBN (i.e., primordial nucleosynthesis assuming a homogeneous distribution of baryons). In it the author discusses: (1) Uncertainties in the calculation of Y p (the mass fraction of primordial 4 He), (2) The expected range of Y p , (3) How the predictions stack up against the latest observations, and (4) The latest BBN bounds on Ω B h 2 and N ν . 13 refs., 2 figs

Exclusive measurements of mean pion multiplicities in 4He-nucleus reactions from 200 to 800 MeV/nucleon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

L'Hote, D.; Babinet, R.; Fodor, Z.; Girard, J.; Gosset, J.; Laspalles, C.; Lemaire, M.C.; Lucas, B.; Poitou, J.; Schimmerling, W.; Terrien, Y.

1987-01-01

Mean multiplicities of π + and π - in 4 He collisions with C, Cu, and Pb at 200, 600, and 800 MeV/u, and with C and Pb at 400 MeV/u have been measured using the large solid angle detector Diogene. The dependence of pion multiplicity of projectile incident energy, target mass and proton multiplicity is studied in comparison with intra-nuclear cascade predictions. The discrepancy between experimental results and theory is pointed out and discussed. (orig.)

The two-body electrodisintegration of 4He studied through the (e,e'X) reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brand, F.J.F. van den.

1988-01-01

In this thesis a study of the electrodisintegration of 4/He into a proton and a triton is discussed. The purpose of this investigation is to obtain the proton spectral function which in turn is expected to contain information on the short-range and tensor correlations in the four-nucleon system. The 4 He(e,e'p) 3 H experiment was performed with the electron-scattering facility at NIKHEF-K. A specially designed cryogenic target system was used (ch. 3). From the data precise absolute cross sections were extracted with good missing-energy resolution as a funtion of missing momentum in the range 10 m | 2 and the polarization parameter of the exchanged virtual photon (ch. 5). In PIWA the (e,e'p) cross section factorizes into an off-shell electron-proton cross section and the spectral funtion. In the region where both kinetamics overlap a strong dependence of the extracted spectral-function results on the kinetamic variables was observed whereas such a dependence should not occur in PWIA. In order to understand this apparent breakdown of the PWIA the influence of rescattering of the outgoing proton on the residual nucleus or final-state interactions (ch. 6) and the electron-proton coupling on the spectral function (ch. 7) have been investigated. The spectral-function data for the full missing-moment range have been compared to various theoretical results (ch. 8). It turns out that the data are best described in the microscopic framework starting from a correlated wave function. In ch. 9 the results are presented obtained with the 4 He(e,e' 3 H)p reaction from which information can be obtained about the proton spectral function at momentum values up to 550 MeV/c. At these high proton moments a more direct signature of pair-correlations in the 4 He system can be obtained. 242 refs.; 85 figs.; 24 tabs

Bulk damping of sound in superfluid 3He--4He under stagnation of the normal component

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karchava, T.A.; Sanikidze, D.G.; Chkhaidze, N.D.

1983-01-01

The propagation of waves in superfluid 3 He-- 4 He solutions is considered under partial stagnation of the normal component. The wave processes in capillaries are presented as a superposition of the first sound, second sound, and viscous and diffusion waves. The damping coefficients are calculated for the modified first sound and for the thermal wave in superfluid 3 He-- 4 He solutions and related to the viscosity, thermal conductivity, diffusion, barodiffusion, and thermodiffusion coefficients

Multiparticle phenomena and Landau damping

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Talman, R.

1987-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to survey various methods of studying multiparticle phenomena in accelerators. Both experimental and theoretical methods are described. An effort has been made to emphasize the intuitive and qualitative aspects rather than the detailed mathematics. Some of the terms or concepts to be explained are coherent and incoherent tunes, normal modes, Landau damping, beam-transfer functions, and feedback. These are all of daily importance in the interpretation of colliding-beam observations and the control of performance

CELLO results on multiparticle production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Podobrin, O.

1991-10-01

In this talk result from CELLO on multiparticle production in e + e - annihilation are presented. The three-dimensional distribution of charged particles, and its one- and two-dimensional projections, are extensively studied through the bin-size dependence of their factorial moments. The data are found to have an excellent description by standard Monte Carlo models. This implies an explanation of the observed intermittency behaviour in terms of known physics. The study is extended by an analysis of two-particle rapidity correlations. (orig.)

Bare nucleus S(E) factor of the 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He reactions via the Trojan Horse Method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tumino, A; Spitaleri, C; Kiss, G G; Cognata, M La; Lamia, L; Pizzone, R G; Rapisarda, G G; Romano, S; Sergi, M L; Spartà, R; Mukhamedzhanov, A M; Typel, S; Aliotta, M; Burjan, V; Kroha, V; Hons, Z; Mrazek, J; Piskor, S; Santo, M Gimenez del

2012-01-01

The Trojan Horse Method was applied for the first time to the 2 H(d,p) 3 H and 2 H(d,n) 3 He reactions by measuring the 2 H( 3 He,p 3 H) 1 H and 2 H( 3 He,n 3 He) 1 H processes in quasi free kinematics. The 3 He+d experiment was performed at 18 MeV, corresponding the a d-d energy range from 1.5 MeV down to 2 keV. This range overlaps with the relevant region for Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis as well as with the thermal energies of future fusion reactors and deuterium burning in the Pre Main Sequence phase of stellar evolution. This is the first pioneering experiment in quasi free regime where the charged spectator is detected. Both the energy dependence and the absolute value of the bare nucleus S(E) factors have been extracted for the first time. They deviate by more than 15% from available direct data with new S(0) values of 57.4±1.8 MeVb for 3 H+p and 60.1±1.9 MeVb for 3 He+n. None of the existing fitting curves is able to provide the correct slope of the new data in the full range, thus calling for a revision of the theoretical description. This has consequences in the calculation of the reaction rates with more than a 25% increase at the temperatures of future fusion reactors.

Experimental Study of Photon Induced Reactions on 3He and 4He at Low Energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tornow, W.

2011-01-01

Data are reported for the photodisintegration cross section of the reaction 3 He(γ, p) 2 H at ten energies between 7.0 and 16.0 MeV. Very preliminary data are presented for the reaction 4 He(γ, p) 3 H between 22.0 and 29.5 MeV in 0.5 MeV energy steps, and for the reaction 4 He(γ, n) 3 He at three energies around 28.0 MeV. High-pressure He/Xe gas scintillators served as target and detector. Our data are in better agreement with recent theoretical calculations than the majority of the existing data for all three reactions, but differ significantly from recent data taken with a mono-energetic photon beam and a time-projection chamber. (author)

Study of the sup 3 H( sup 3 H, 2n) sup 4 He and sup 3 He( sup 3 He, 2p) sup 4 He reactions in the framework of three-cluster microscopic model

CERN Document Server

Vasilevsky, V S; Arickx, F; Broeckhove, J

2002-01-01

The reactions sup 3 H( sup 3 H, 2n) sup 4 He and sup 3 He( sup 3 He, 2p) sup 4 He are investigated within a fully microscopic cluster model featuring a three-cluster exit channel. A Hyperspherical Harmonics basis is used to describe the three-cluster continuum. The resulting astrophysical s-factor of both reactions is in good agreement with experimental data. Analysis of the low-energy scattering parameters reveals no evidence for a hidden resonance state would increase the cross-section of the reactions, and would help to resolve the solar neutrino problem.

Energy dependence and temporal evolution of the 3He/4He ratios in heavy-ion-rich energetic particle events

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moebius, E.; Hovestadt, D.; Klecker, B.; Gloeckler, G.

1980-01-01

The energy dependence of the 3 He/ 4 He ratio between 0.44 and 4.1 MeV per nucleon has been studied for six heavy-ion--rich events observed in 1974 and 1976 using the low-energy dE/dx versus E Ultralow-Energy Particle telescope (ULET) on IMP 8. We find that all selected heavy-ion--rich events are also enriched in 3 He, that the 3 He/ 4 He He ratio decreases with decreasing energies, and that a rapid temporal evolution of the 3 He/ 4 He and the Fe/(H+He) ratios is strongly correlated during one event with the maximum value at the onset. These results are discussed in terms of a model which is based on preferential injection of 3 He and Fe resulting from turbulent ion heating and subsequent Fermi acceleration

Performance of a mass spectrometer for determining low tritium levels from 3He/4He measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lynch, M.C.F.; Kay, D.J.

1981-01-01

The Micromass 3000 mass spectrometer is based on Clarke's 3 He/ 4 He instrument of McMaster University. The principal special features of the MM3000 are: (i) The double collector system, which uses an electron multiplier for the small 3 He + ion beams and a conventional Faraday detector for 4 He + ; (ii) The high sensitivity ion source; and (iii) The low-volume analyser tube employing static vacuum techniques. The sensitivity, resolution and background of the system are designed to permit measurement of 3 He and 4 He levels of the order of 10 -12 cm 3 STP and 10 -6 cm 3 STP, respectively, with a precision of 0.5%, although smaller quantities are detectable. The inherent resolution of the instrument is well in excess of 2000, but a resolution of 600-1000 is normally used for the 3 He + collector as this is sufficient to separate 3 He + from any interfering HD + or H + 3 ions. At this resolution 900 ions per second of 3 He + ions are obtained from 10 -12 cm 3 STP of 3 He. This is the size of 3 He samples obtained from water samples containing tritium at levels around 200 tritium units (1 tritium unit (TU) = IT/10 18 H). At lower tritium levels the 3 He + signal is correspondingly reduced, but the same techniques (described below) allow signals from 1-TU samples (5 ions/s) to be measured with good precision. The limit of detection is reached with quantities of 3 He in the region of 10 -15 cm 3 STP and tritium levels of around 0.1 TU. (author)

(3He,xn), (3He,pxn) and (3He, fission) reactions on 206Pb between 80 and 200MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andre, C.; Gauvin, H.; Le Beyec, Y.; Porile, N.T.

1976-01-01

The reactions induced in 206 Pb by 3 He particles having energies between 80 and 200MeV have been studied. Excitation functions for ( 3 He,xn) with x=3 to 14 and for ( 3 He,pxn) with x=2 to 5 have been obtained. Angular distributions of fission fragments were measured at 100, 125, 150 and 175MeV and total fission cross-sections were deduced from the data. On the basis of these results, analysis is attempted to examine the characteristics of reaction mechanisms. From these results it is concluded that non-compound processes play an important role in the reactions. Two features are characteristic of these processes: large cross-sections for charged particle emission and angular distribution of fission fragments closed to isotropy in the laboratory system. In the energy range 25 to 45MeV/nucleon, a comparison was made between the present results and those from an experimental study of α-particle induced reactions on 206 Pb. Also a comparison was made with an α-nucleus collision model applied to 206 Pb. All the observations strongly suggest a breakup of the projectile 3 He followed by the interactions of the fragments with the target nucleus [fr

Two- and multi-particle azimuthal correlations in small collision systems with the ATLAS detector

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(INSPIRE)INSPIRE-00256459; The ATLAS collaboration

2017-01-01

The recent ATLAS results on two- and multi-particle azimuthal correlations of charged particles are presented for $\\sqrt{s}$=~5.02 TeV and 13 TeV $pp$, $\\sqrt{s_\\mathrm{NN}}$= 5.02 TeV $p$+Pb and $\\sqrt{s_\\mathrm{NN}}$= 2.76 TeV low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions. To remove the "non-flow" contribution from the correlations, that arises predominantly from hard-scattering processes, a template fitting procedure is used in the two-particle correlations (2PC) measurements, while for multi-particle correlations the cumulant method is applied. The correlations are expressed in the form of Fourier harmonics $\\mathrm{v}_n (n=2,3,4)$ measuring the global azimuthal anisotropy. The measurements presented hereafter confirm the evidence for collective phenomena in $p$+Pb and low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions. For $pp$ collisions the results on four-particle cumulants do not demonstrate a similar collective behaviour.

Non-protected operators in N=4 SYM and multiparticle states of AdS5 SUGRA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arutyunov, G.; Penati, S.; Petkou, A.C.; Santambrogio, A.; Sokatchev, E.

2002-01-01

We study a class of non-protected local composite operators which occur in the R-symmetry singlet channel of the OPE of two stress-tensor multiplets in N=4 SYM. At tree level these are quadrilinear scalar dimension four operators, two single-traces and two double-traces. In the presence of interaction, due to a non-trivial mixing under renormalization, they split into linear combinations of conformally covariant operators. We resolve the mixing by computing the one-loop two-point functions of all the operators in an N=1 setup, then diagonalizing the anomalous dimension matrix and identifying the quasiprimary operators. We find one operator whose anomalous dimension is negative and suppressed by a factor of 1/N 2 with respect to the anomalous dimensions of the Konishi-like operators. We reveal the mechanism responsible for this suppression and argue that it works at every order in perturbation theory. In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence such an operator should be dual to a multiparticle supergravity state whose energy is less than the sum of the corresponding individual single-particle states

Quark substructure approach to 4He charge distribution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilets, L.; Alberg, M.A.; Pepin, S.; Stancu, F.; Carlson, J.; Koepf, W.

1997-01-01

We present a study of the 4 He charge distribution based on realistic nucleonic wave functions and incorporation of quark substructure. Any central depression of the proton point density seen in modern four-body calculations is too small by itself to lead to a correct description of the charge distribution of 4 He if folded with a fixed proton size parameter, as is usually done. We utilize six-quark structures calculated in the chromodielectric model for N-N interactions to find a swelling of the proton size as the internucleon distance decreases. This swelling is a result of the short-range dynamics in the N-N system. Using the independent pair approximation, the corresponding charge distribution of the proton is folded with the two-nucleon distribution generated from Green's function Monte Carlo calculations of the 4 He nucleonic wave function. We obtain a reasonably good fit to the experimental charge distribution of 4 He. Meson-exchange currents have not been included. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

The helium flux from the continents and ubiquity of low-3He/4He recycled crust and lithosphere

Science.gov (United States)

Day, James M. D.; Barry, Peter H.; Hilton, David R.; Burgess, Ray; Pearson, D. Graham; Taylor, Lawrence A.

2015-03-01

New helium isotope and trace-element abundance data are reported for pyroxenites and eclogites from South Africa, Siberia, and the Beni Bousera Massif, Morocco that are widely interpreted to form from recycled oceanic crustal protoliths. The first He isotope data are also presented for Archaean peridotites from the Kaapvaal (South Africa), Slave (Canada), and Siberian cratons, along with recently emplaced off-craton peridotite xenoliths from Kilbourne Hole, San Carlos (USA) and Vitim (Siberia), to complement existing 3He/4He values obtained for continental and oceanic peridotites. Helium isotope compositions of peridotite xenoliths vary from 7.3 to 9.6 RA in recently (volcanics that contain a contribution from asthenospheric sources. Using the new He isotope data for cratonic peridotites and assuming that significant portions (>50%) of the Archaean and Proterozoic continental lithospheric mantle are stable and unaffected by melt or fluid infiltration on geological timescales (>0.1 Ga), and that U and Th contents vary between cratonic lithosphere and non-cratonic lithosphere, calculations yield a 3He flux of 0.25-2.2 atoms/s/cm2 for the continental lithospheric mantle. These estimates differ by a factor of ten from non-cratonic lithospheric mantle and are closer to the observed 3He flux from the continents (<1 atoms/s/cm2). Pyroxenites and eclogites from the continental regions are all characterized by 3He/4He (0.03-5.6 RA) less than the depleted upper mantle, and relatively high U and Th contents. Together with oceanic and continental lithospheric peridotites, these materials represent reservoirs with low time-integrated 3He/(U + Th) in the mantle. Pyroxenites and eclogites are also characterized by higher Fe/Mg, more radiogenic Os-Pb isotope compositions, and more variable δ18O values (∼3‰ to 7‰), compared with peridotitic mantle. These xenoliths are widely interpreted to be the metamorphic/metasomatic equivalents of recycled oceanic crustal protoliths. The

The breakdown of superfluidity in liquid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nancolas, G.G.; McClintock, P.V.E.; Bowley, R.M.

1985-01-01

The rate upsilon at which negative ions nucleate charged vortex rings in a series of extremely dilute superfluid 3 He/ 4 He solutions has been measured at a pressure of 23 bar over a temperature range (T) 0.33 - 0.61K, electric field range (E) 1.0 x 10 4 - 1.5 x 10 6 Vm -1 and an isotopic ratio range (x) ( 3 H/ 4 He) = 2.1 x 10 -8 - 1.7 x 10 -7 . The results are presented. A model is proposed which accounts for the behaviour of upsilon(E,T) in terms of changes in the average occupancy by 3 He atoms of trapping states on the surface of the ion if the nucleation rate ν 1 , due to ions each having one trapped 3 He atom, is very much greater than ν 0 for bare ions. The nonlinearities in ν(x 3 ) are interpreted in terms of the simultaneous trapping of two (or more) 3 He atoms on a significant fraction of the ions. The model can be fitted closely to the experimental data, yielding numerical values of ν 1 , of the 3 He binding energy on the ion, and of a number of other relevant quantities. The addition of a 3 He atom to a bare ion affects its propensity to create vortex rings by reducing the critical velocity for the process and by increasing the rate constant. The implications of these results for microscopic theories of the vortex nucleation mechanism are discussed. (U.K.)

Nucleus-Nucleus Collision as Superposition of Nucleon-Nucleus Collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orlova, G.I.; Adamovich, M.I.; Aggarwal, M.M.; Alexandrov, Y.A.; Andreeva, N.P.; Badyal, S.K.; Basova, E.S.; Bhalla, K.B.; Bhasin, A.; Bhatia, V.S.; Bradnova, V.; Bubnov, V.I.; Cai, X.; Chasnikov, I.Y.; Chen, G.M.; Chernova, L.P.; Chernyavsky, M.M.; Dhamija, S.; Chenawi, K.El; Felea, D.; Feng, S.Q.; Gaitinov, A.S.; Ganssauge, E.R.; Garpman, S.; Gerassimov, S.G.; Gheata, A.; Gheata, M.; Grote, J.; Gulamov, K.G.; Gupta, S.K.; Gupta, V.K.; Henjes, U.; Jakobsson, B.; Kanygina, E.K.; Karabova, M.; Kharlamov, S.P.; Kovalenko, A.D.; Krasnov, S.A.; Kumar, V.; Larionova, V.G.; Li, Y.X.; Liu, L.S.; Lokanathan, S.; Lord, J.J.; Lukicheva, N.S.; Lu, Y.; Luo, S.B.; Mangotra, L.K.; Manhas, I.; Mittra, I.S.; Musaeva, A.K.; Nasyrov, S.Z.; Navotny, V.S.; Nystrand, J.; Otterlund, I.; Peresadko, N.G.; Qian, W.Y.; Qin, Y.M.; Raniwala, R.; Rao, N.K.; Roeper, M.; Rusakova, V.V.; Saidkhanov, N.; Salmanova, N.A.; Seitimbetov, A.M.; Sethi, R.; Singh, B.; Skelding, D.; Soderstrem, K.; Stenlund, E.; Svechnikova, L.N.; Svensson, T.; Tawfik, A.M.; Tothova, M.; Tretyakova, M.I.; Trofimova, T.P.; Tuleeva, U.I.; Vashisht, Vani; Vokal, S.; Vrlakova, J.; Wang, H.Q.; Wang, X.R.; Weng, Z.Q.; Wilkes, R.J.; Yang, C.B.; Yin, Z.B.; Yu, L.Z.; Zhang, D.H.; Zheng, P.Y.; Zhokhova, S.I.; Zhou, D.C.

1999-01-01

Angular distributions of charged particles produced in 16 O and 32 S collisions with nuclear track emulsion were studied at momenta 4.5 and 200 A GeV/c. Comparison with the angular distributions of charged particles produced in proton-nucleus collisions at the same momentum allows to draw the conclusion, that the angular distributions in nucleus-nucleus collisions can be seen as superposition of the angular distributions in nucleon-nucleus collisions taken at the same impact parameter b NA , that is mean impact parameter between the participating projectile nucleons and the center of the target nucleus

Nucleus-Nucleus Collision as Superposition of Nucleon-Nucleus Collisions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Orlova, G I; Adamovich, M I; Aggarwal, M M; Alexandrov, Y A; Andreeva, N P; Badyal, S K; Basova, E S; Bhalla, K B; Bhasin, A; Bhatia, V S; Bradnova, V; Bubnov, V I; Cai, X; Chasnikov, I Y; Chen, G M; Chernova, L P; Chernyavsky, M M; Dhamija, S; Chenawi, K El; Felea, D; Feng, S Q; Gaitinov, A S; Ganssauge, E R; Garpman, S; Gerassimov, S G; Gheata, A; Gheata, M; Grote, J; Gulamov, K G; Gupta, S K; Gupta, V K; Henjes, U; Jakobsson, B; Kanygina, E K; Karabova, M; Kharlamov, S P; Kovalenko, A D; Krasnov, S A; Kumar, V; Larionova, V G; Li, Y X; Liu, L S; Lokanathan, S; Lord, J J; Lukicheva, N S; Lu, Y; Luo, S B; Mangotra, L K; Manhas, I; Mittra, I S; Musaeva, A K; Nasyrov, S Z; Navotny, V S; Nystrand, J; Otterlund, I; Peresadko, N G; Qian, W Y; Qin, Y M; Raniwala, R; Rao, N K; Roeper, M; Rusakova, V V; Saidkhanov, N; Salmanova, N A; Seitimbetov, A M; Sethi, R; Singh, B; Skelding, D; Soderstrem, K; Stenlund, E; Svechnikova, L N; Svensson, T; Tawfik, A M; Tothova, M; Tretyakova, M I; Trofimova, T P; Tuleeva, U I; Vashisht, Vani; Vokal, S; Vrlakova, J; Wang, H Q; Wang, X R; Weng, Z Q; Wilkes, R J; Yang, C B; Yin, Z B; Yu, L Z; Zhang, D H; Zheng, P Y; Zhokhova, S I; Zhou, D C

1999-03-01

Angular distributions of charged particles produced in {sup 16}O and {sup 32}S collisions with nuclear track emulsion were studied at momenta 4.5 and 200 A GeV/c. Comparison with the angular distributions of charged particles produced in proton-nucleus collisions at the same momentum allows to draw the conclusion, that the angular distributions in nucleus-nucleus collisions can be seen as superposition of the angular distributions in nucleon-nucleus collisions taken at the same impact parameter b{sub NA}, that is mean impact parameter between the participating projectile nucleons and the center of the target nucleus.

Nucleus-nucleus collision as superposition of nucleon-nucleus collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orlova, G.I.; Adamovich, M.I.; Aggarwal, M.M.

1999-01-01

Angular distributions of charged particles produced in 16 O and 32 S collisions with nuclear track emulsion were studied at momenta 4.5 and 200 A GeV/c. Comparison with the angular distributions of charged particles produced in proton-nucleus collisions at the same momentum allows to draw the conclusion, that the angular distributions in nucleus-nucleus collisions can be seen as superposition of the angular distributions in nucleon-nucleus collisions taken at the same impact parameter b NA , that is mean impact parameter between the participating projectile nucleons and the center of the target nucleus. (orig.)

Experimental measurements of 3He and 4He mobility in olivine and clinopyroxene at magmatic temperatures

Science.gov (United States)

Trull, T. W.; Kurz, M. D.

1993-03-01

In-vacuo heating of 0.5 -0.7 mm olivine and clinopyroxene grains separated from Hawaiian ultramafic xenoliths leads to complete He loss within hours to days for temperatures of 700-1400°C. Diffusivities calculated from the observed release rates assuming spherical grains and initially homogeneous He distributions define Arrhenius relations with activation energies of 420 ± 20 and 290 ± 40 Kj/mol and log 10D0 of +5.1 ± .7 and +2.1 ± 1.2 cm 2/s in olivine and pyroxene, respectively. Values at 1350°C are 5.3 × 10 -9 cm 2/s in olivine and 10 times faster in pyroxene (4.7 × 10 -8 cm 2/s). These values include small corrections for grain size variations and, in the case of olivine, about 15% prior diffusive He loss. However, an important factor that has not been considered in previous studies of this type, is that the xenolith He resides predominantly within CO 2 rich fluid inclusions. Theoretical description of He loss in such a case demonstrates that the diffusivities calculated using the standard approach actually represent the product of the true volume diffusivity ( D) and the helium solubility, as represented by the distribution coefficient KDv (defined by C crystal/C fluid). Although He solubility in crystals is not well determined, estimates based on the CO 2 concentrations in these samples suggest that it is very low ( KDv of 3 × 10 -4 for pyroxene and 6 × 10 -6 for olivine; which also implies low crystal-melt distribution coefficients of .05 and .001). The resultant corrected diffusion rates are significantly faster than those obtained by the standard approach (~ 10 -4 cm 2/s at 1350°C and are thus higher than basaltic melt values). The most reasonable interpretation of this result is that He release is enhanced by internal grain fractures, including the planar healed cracks along which most fluid inclusions are arrayed. This treatment illustrates the difficulties involved in extrapolating laboratory He release measurements to nature, in particular

Rb*Hen exciplexes in solid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofer, A.; Moroshkin, P.; Nettels, D.; Ulzega, S.; Weis, A.

2006-01-01

We report the observation of emission spectra from Rb*He n exciplexes in solid 4 He. Two different excitation channels were experimentally identified, viz., exciplex formation via laser excitation to the atomic 5P 3/2 and to the 5P 1/2 levels. While the former channel was observed before in liquid helium, on helium nanodroplets, and in helium gas by different groups, the latter creation mechanism occurs only in solid helium or in gaseous helium above 10 K. The experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions based on the extension of a model, used earlier by us for the description of Cs*He n exciplexes. We also report the observation of fluorescence from atomic rubidium in solid helium, and discuss striking differences between the spectroscopic features of Rb-He and Cs-He systems

Possible Existence of (cc¯)–Nucleus Bound States

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yokota, Akira; Oka, Makoto; Hiyama, Emiko

2014-01-01

Charmonium (cc¯) bound states in few-nucleon systems, 2 H, 4 He and 8 Be, are studied via Gaussian Expansion Method (GEM). We adopt a Gaussian potential as an effective (cc¯)–nucleon (N) interaction. The relation between two-body (cc¯)–N scattering length a cc¯−N and the binding energies B of (cc¯)–nucleus bound states are given. Recent lattice QCD data of a cc¯−N corresponds to B≃0.5 MeV for (cc¯)− 4 He and 2 MeV for (cc¯)− 8 Be in our results. (author)

Results of searches for the nucleon structure displays in high energy hadron-nucleus collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strugalski, Z.

1984-01-01

Hadron-nucleus collision data at projectile energy from a few GeV up to about eight thousand GeV were analysed in order to find effects in which a nucleon structure manifests itself. It was found that some nucleon structure displays in incident hadron deflection in its passage through atomic nuclei and in multiple production process, at energies above about 2 GeV. The distribution of the deflection angles consists of two components, the mean free path for multiparticle production is about three times larger than the expected one. These effects may be interpreted as caused by a nucleon structure

First Exclusive Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering off {}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="hlt">4</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="hlt">He</span>} : Toward the 3D Tomography of Nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hattawy, M.; Baltzell, N. A.; Dupré, R.; Hafidi, K.; Stepanyan, S.; Bültmann, S.; De Vita, R.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Egiyan, H.; Girod, F. X.; Guidal, M.; Jenkins, D.; Liuti, S.; Perrin, Y.; Torayev, B.; Voutier, E.; Adhikari, K. P.; Adhikari, S.; Adikaram, D.; Akbar, Z.; Amaryan, M. J.; Anefalos Pereira, S.; Armstrong, Whitney R.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Bashkanov, M.; Battaglieri, M.; Batourine, V.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Biselli, A. S.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W. J.; Brooks, W. K.; Burkert, V. D.; Thanh Cao, Frank; Carman, D. S.; Celentano, A.; Charles, G.; Chetry, T.; Ciullo, G.; Clark, L.; Colaneri, L.; Cole, P. L.; Contalbrigo, M.; Cortes, O.; Crede, V.; D’Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Sanctis, E.; Deur, A.; Djalali, C.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Eugenio, P.; Fedotov, G.; Fegan, S.; Fersch, R.; Filippi, A.; Fleming, J. A.; Forest, T. A.; Fradi, A.; Garçon, M.; Gevorgyan, N.; Ghandilyan, Y.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Gleason, C.; Gohn, W.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R. W.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guo, L.; Hakobyan, H.; Hanretty, C.; Harrison, N.; Heddle, D.; Hicks, K.; Holtrop, M.; Hughes, S. M.; Ireland, D. G.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Jiang, H.; Joo, K.; Joosten, S.; Keller, D.; Khachatryan, G.; Khachatryan, M.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, A.; Kim, W.; Klein, A.; Klein, F. J.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S. E.; Kuleshov, S. V.; Lanza, L.; Lenisa, P.; Livingston, K.; Lu, H. Y.; MacGregor, I. J. D.; Markov, N.; Mayer, M.; McCracken, M. E.; McKinnon, B.; Meyer, C. A.; Meziani, Z. E.; Mineeva, T.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Montgomery, R. A.; Moutarde, H.; Movsisyan, A.; Munoz Camacho, C.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Net, L. A.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Paolone, M.; Paremuzyan, R.; Park, K.; Pasyuk, E.; Phelps, E.; Phelps, W.; Pisano, S.; Pogorelko, O.; Price, J. W.; Prok, Y.; Protopopescu, D.; Ripani, M.; Ritchie, B. G.; Rizzo, A.; Rosner, G.; Rossi, P.; Sabatié, F.; Salgado, C.; Schumacher, R. A.; Seder, E.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Simonyan, A.; Skorodumina, Iu.; Smith, G. D.; Sokhan, D.; Sparveris, N.; Strauch, S.; Taiuti, M.; Ungaro, M.; Voskanyan, H.; Walford, N. K.; Watts, D. P.; Wei, X.; Weinstein, L. B.; Wood, M. H.; Zachariou, N.; Zana, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, Z. W.

2017-11-01

We report on the first measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry in the exclusive process of coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering off a nucleus. The experiment uses the 6 GeV electron beam from the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) accelerator at Jefferson Lab incident on a pressurized He-4 gaseous target placed in front of the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The scattered electron is detected by CLAS and the photon by a dedicated electromagnetic calorimeter at forward angles. To ensure the exclusivity of the process, a specially designed radial time projection chamber is used to detect the recoiling He-4 nuclei. We measure beam-spin asymmetries larger than those observed on the free proton in the same kinematic domain. From these, we are able to extract, in a model-independent way, the real and imaginary parts of the only He-4 Compton form factor, HA. This first measurement of coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering on the He-4 nucleus, with a fully exclusive final state via nuclear recoil tagging, leads the way toward 3D imaging of the partonic structure of nuclei.

3He impurities on liquid 4He: possible existence of excited states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pavloff, N.; Treiner, J.

1989-01-01

We study, using a density functional approach, the properties of the two dimensional system formed by 3 He atoms on the surface of liquid 4 He, as a function of 3 He coverage N s . We find that the excited state recently proposed by Dalfovo and Stringari in the case of infinite dilution does survive when the number of surface 3 He atoms increases. For small values of N s , the surface tension σ is, as expected, linear in N s 2 . For N s ≅0.035 atom per square-Angstrom, i.e. half a monolayer, a new type of surface state starts being occupied, and this feature manifests itself by a change in the slope of σ as a function of N s 2 and, more clearly, by a discontinuity in the surface specific heat, which increases by a factor of almost 2. These predictions call for experimental investigations

Biocarbon-coated LiFePO4 nucleus nanoparticles enhancing electrochemical performances

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhang, X.G.; Zhang, X.D.; He, W.

2012-01-01

We report a green biomimetic method to synthesize biocarbon-coated LiFePO4 nucleus nanoparticles using yeast cells as both a structural template and a biocarbon source for high-power lithium-ion batteries.......We report a green biomimetic method to synthesize biocarbon-coated LiFePO4 nucleus nanoparticles using yeast cells as both a structural template and a biocarbon source for high-power lithium-ion batteries....

Regional and temporal variations in CO2/3He, 3He/4He and δ13C along the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leeuw, G.A.M. de; Hilton, D.R.; Guelec, N.; Mutlu, H.

2010-01-01

New He and C relative abundance, isotope and concentration results from nine geothermal locations situated along an 800-km transect of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), Turkey, that were monitored during the period November 2001-November 2004, are reported. The geothermal waters were collected every 3-6 months to study possible links between temporal geochemical variations and seismic activity along the NAFZ. At the nine sample locations, the He isotope ratios range from 0.24 to 2.3R A , δ 13 C values range from -4.5 to +5.8 per mille, and CO 2 / 3 He ratios range from 5 x 10 9 to 5 x 10 14 . The following geochemical observations are noted: (1) the highest 3 He/ 4 He ratios are found near the Galatean volcanic region, in the central section of the NAFZ, (2) at each of the nine sample locations, the 3 He/ 4 He ratios are generally constant; however, CO 2 / 3 He ratios and He contents both show one order of magnitude variability, and δ 13 C values show up to ∼4 per mille variability, and (3) at all locations (except Resadiye), δ 13 C values show positive correlations with CO 2 contents. The results indicate that at least three processes are necessary to account for the geochemical variations: (1) binary mixing between crustal and mantle-derived volatiles can explain the general characteristics of 3 He/ 4 He ratios, δ 13 C values, and CO 2 / 3 He ratios at the nine sample locations; (2) preferential degassing of He from the geothermal waters is responsible for variations in CO 2 / 3 He values and He contents at each sample location; and (3) CO 2 dissolution followed by calcite precipitation is responsible for variations in CO 2 contents and δ 13 C values at most locations. For each of the geochemical parameters, anomalies are defined in the temporal record by values that fall outside two standard deviations of average values at each specific location. Geochemical anomalies that may be related to seismic activity are recorded on June 28, 2004 at Yalova

The calculation of nucleus-nucleus interaction cross sections at high energy in the Glauber approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gal'perin, A.G.; Uzhinskij, V.V.

1994-01-01

Total, inelastic and elastic cross sections of nucleus-nucleus (AA)-interactions at high energy (HE) are calculated on the base of Glauber approach. The calculation scheme is realized as a set of routines. The statistical average method is used in calculations. Program runs in an interactive regime. User is prompted about charge and mass numbers of nuclei and NN-interaction characters at the energy he is interested in: total cross section, the slope parameter of differential cross section of elastic scattering and ratio of real part to imaginary part of elastic scattering amplitude at zero momentum transfer. These data can be extracted from proper compilations. Results of calculations are displayed and are written on user defined output file. The program runs on PC. 21 refs., 1 tab

Electromagnetic and neutral-weak response functions of 4He and 12C

Science.gov (United States)

Lovato, A.; Gandolfi, S.; Carlson, J.; Pieper, Steven C.; Schiavilla, R.

2015-06-01

Background: A major goal of nuclear theory is to understand the strong interaction in nuclei as it manifests itself in terms of two- and many-body forces among the nuclear constituents, the protons and neutrons, and the interactions of these constituents with external electroweak probes via one- and many-body currents. Purpose: The objective of the present work is to calculate the quasielastic electroweak response functions in light nuclei within the realistic dynamical framework outlined above. These response functions determine the inclusive cross section as function of the lepton momentum and energy transfers. Methods: Their ab initio calculation is a very challenging quantum many-body problem, since it requires summation over the entire excitation spectrum of the nucleus and inclusion in the electroweak currents of one- and many-body terms. Green's functions Monte Carlo methods allow one to circumvent both difficulties by computing the response in imaginary time (the so-called Euclidean response) and hence summing implicitly over the bound and continuum states of the nucleus, and by implementing specific algorithms designed to deal with the complicated spin-isospin structure of nuclear many-body operators. Results: Theoretical predictions for 4He and 12C, confirmed by experiment in the electromagnetic case, show that two-body currents generate excess transverse strength from threshold to the quasielastic to the dip region and beyond. Conclusions: These results challenge the conventional picture of quasielastic inclusive scattering as being largely dominated by single-nucleon knockout processes.

Searching for hidden sector in multiparticle production at LHC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel-Angel Sanchis-Lozano

2016-03-01

Full Text Available We study the impact of a hidden sector beyond the Standard Model, e.g. a Hidden Valley model, on factorial moments and cumulants of multiplicity distributions in multiparticle production with a special emphasis on the prospects for LHC results.

Next generation multi-particle event generators for the MSSM

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reuter, J.; Kilian, W.; Hagiwara, K.; Krauss, F.; Schumann, S.; Rainwater, D.

2005-12-01

We present a next generation of multi-particle Monte Carlo (MC) Event generators for LHC and ILC for the MSSM, namely the three program packages Madgraph/MadEvent, WHiZard/O'Mega and Sherpa/Amegic++. The interesting but difficult phenomenology of supersymmetric models at the upcoming colliders demands a corresponding complexity and maturity from simulation tools. This includes multi-particle final states, reducible and irreducible backgrounds, spin correlations, real emission of photons and gluons, etc., which are incorporated in the programs presented here. The framework of a model with such a huge particle content and as complicated as the MSSM makes strenuous tests and comparison of codes inevitable. Various tests show agreement among the three different programs; the tables of cross sections produced in these tests may serve as a future reference for other codes. Furthermore, first MSSM physics analyses performed with these programs are presented here. (orig.)

Maximum pseudorapidity gap analysis in nuclear interaction from a few GeV to few hundred GeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghosh, Dipak; Deb, Argha; Haldar, Prabir Kumar; Sahoo, Swarup Ranjan

2002-01-01

In the study of multiparticle production two important parameters are usually investigated - pseudorapidity distribution of pions and pseudorapidity gap distribution. This communication presents all study on maximum pseudorapidity gap distribution in case of nucleus nucleus collision in approximately entire accelerator energy available (4.5 - 200 AGeV)

Intermittency in multiparticle production analyzed by means of stochastic theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bartl, A.; Suzuki, N.

1990-01-01

Intermittency in multiparticle production is described by means of probability distributions derived from pure birth stochastic equations. The UA1, TASSO, NA22 and cosmic ray data are analyzed. 24 refs., 1 fig. (Authors)

Generation of multiparticle three-dimensional entanglement state via adiabatic passage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Xi; Chen Zhi-Hua; Ye Ming-Yong; Chen Yue-Hua; Lin Xiu-Min

2013-01-01

A scheme is proposed for generating a multiparticle three-dimensional entangled state by appropriately adiabatic evolutions, where atoms are respectively trapped in separated cavities so that individual addressing is needless. In the ideal case, losses due to the spontaneous transition of an atom and the excitation of photons are efficiently suppressed since atoms are all in ground states and the fields remain in a vacuum state. Compared with the previous proposals, the present scheme reduces its required operation time via simultaneously controlling four classical fields. This advantage would become even more obvious as the number of atoms increases. The experimental feasibility is also discussed. The successful preparation of a high-dimensional multiparticle entangled state among distant atoms provides better prospects for quantum communication and distributed quantum computation. (general)

Homogeneous nucleation in 4He: A corresponding-states analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sinha, D.N.; Semura, J.S.; Brodie, L.C.

1982-01-01

We report homogeneous-nucleation-temperature measurements in liquid 4 He over a bath-temperature range 2.31 4 He, in a region far from the critical point. A simple empirical form is presented for estimating the homogeneous nucleation temperatures for any liquid with a spherically symmetric interatomic potential. The 4 He data are compared with nucleation data for Ar, Kr, Xe, and H; theoretical predictions for 3 He are given in terms of reduced quantities. It is shown that the nucleation data for both quantum and classical liquids obey a quantum law of corresponding states (QCS). On the basis of this QCS analysis, predictions of homogeneous nucleation temperatures are made for hydrogen isotopes such as HD, DT, HT, and T 2

Anomalous Quasiparticle Reflection from the Surface of a ^{3}He-^{4}He Dilute Solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Ikegami, Hiroki; Kim, Kitak; Sato, Daisuke; Kono, Kimitoshi; Choi, Hyoungsoon; Monarkha, Yuriy P

2017-11-10

A free surface of a dilute ^{3}He-^{4}He liquid mixture is a unique system where two Fermi liquids with distinct dimensions coexist: a three-dimensional (3D) ^{3}He Fermi liquid in the bulk and a two-dimensional (2D) ^{3}He Fermi liquid at the surface. To investigate a novel effect generated by the interaction between the two Fermi liquids, the mobility of a Wigner crystal of electrons formed on the free surface of the mixture is studied. An anomalous enhancement of the mobility, compared with the case where the 3D and 2D systems do not interact with each other, is observed. The enhancement is explained by the nontrivial reflection of 3D quasiparticles from the surface covered with the 2D ^{3}He system.

Multiparticle production through isoscalar clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Armburst, W.T.; Scott, D.M.

1975-01-01

The isoscalar cluster model for multiparticle production was extended to include clusters of A 2 meson pairs in addition to previously studied rho-rho and sigma clusters. The production of each type of cluster is given by an energy dependent Poisson distribution. The Poisson parameters determined from the charged particle multiplicity distributions indicate that the inclusion of A 2 -A 2 clusters does not improve the fit to the data. The predictions of the model for n 0 n/sub -/, f/sup 2//sub -,-/, and f/sup 2//sub 0,0/ compare favorably to the experimental values. (U.S.)

Modes of transference and rupture of the nucleus with neutron halos 6 He on 209 Bi near of the Coulomb barrier

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lizcano C, D.

2003-01-01

In recent experiments, the fusion of the exotic radioactive nucleus 6 He with 209 Bi has been studied for the first time at energies above and below the Coulomb barrier. A considerable enhancement in the fusion was observed, which implies a reduction of about 25% in the nominal fusion barrier. Some previous theoretical works suggest that this striking effect may be caused by the coupling to neutron transfer channels with a positive Q-value which would lead to a neutron flow and the consequent formation of a neck between the projectile and the target. Later, in the current work, we ran two new experiments on the same reaction using the FN Tandem Van de Graaff (10 MV) accelerator and the dual superconducting TwinSol system, both of them belonging to the University of Notre Dame, USA. This time, the purpose was to study one- and two-neutron transfer and the 6 He projectile breakup at laboratory energies of 14.7, 16.2, 17.9, 19.0 and 22.5 MeV. A strong group of 4 He was observed (with an effective Q-value about .5 MeV) whose integrated cross section results exceptionally high, exceeding the fusion cross section both above and below the barrier. The simultaneously measured elastic scattering angular distribution required high total cross sections so that this yield is confirmed. Preliminary coupled channels calculations sing the computer program called Fresco developed at the University of Surrey (England) suggested that the reaction mechanisms may be better described as a direct nuclear breakup and two-neutron transfer to unbound states in 211 Bi. These calculations predicted also an enhancement in the fusion cross section below the barrier due to the transfer and breakup channel coupling, which strongly suggests that this channel is the 'doorway state' that explains the fusion barrier reduction observed in previous experiments. It was found that the 4 He group fully dominates the total reaction cross section at the measured energies and we show evidence that a new

Specific features of kinetics of He3-He4 solid solution transformations at superlow temperatures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mikheev, V.A.; Majdanov, V.A.; Mikhin, N.P.

1986-01-01

The NMR data on the phase transition kinetics of 3 He- 4 He solid solutions at T=100 mK are considered. Studied are solid helium samples of a molecular volume of 20.55 cm 2 /mol with a 3 He content of 0.54 %. An unusually long phase transition time is found which is dependent on the prehistory of sample. The spin diffusion of 3 He in the transformated solution concentrated phase is found to be of a quasi-one-dimensional nature with the diffusion coefficient value typical of liquid

Emergence of traveling density waves in cyclic multiparticle transport

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kannellopoulos, G.; van der Meer, Roger M.; van der Weele, J.P.

2015-01-01

Multiparticle flow through a cyclic array of connected compartments with a preferential direction is found to be able to organize itself in traveling waves. This behavior is connected with the transition between uniform flow and cluster formation. When the bias in the system is large, the particles

Specific features of concentrated phase under decomposition of weak solid /sup 3/He-/sup 4/He solution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mikheev, V A; Majdamov, V A; Kal' noj, S E; Omelaenko, N I

1988-06-01

The decomposition of solid /sup 3/He-/sup 4/He solutuions is studied on the samples 0.54% /sup 3/He(V=20.55 cm/sup 3//mole) and 0.60% /sup 4/He (V=24.04-24.93 cm/sup 3//mole) using pulse NMR method. At T=100 mK the decomposition of a weak solution proceeds more than for 30 h, the decomposition rate and temperature being dependent on the sample prehistory. In the concentrated phase of the decomposed weak solution the spin diffraction of /sup 3/He is of the quasi-one-dimensional character with the diffusion coefficient D /similar to/ 10/sup -5/ cm/sup 2//sec typical of liquid /sup 3/He and exceeding that bulk solid /sup 3/He by two orders of magnitude. The longitudinal relaxation time in the quasi-one-dimensional phase (/similar to/ 1 sec) is characteristic of the solid state and coinsides with data for bulk /sup 3/He. The temperature behaviour of magnetization in the quasi-one-dimensional phase is well described by the Curie law.

4He abundances: Optical versus radio recombination line measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Balser, Dana S.; Rood, Robert T.; Bania, T. M.

2010-04-01

Accurate measurements of the 4He/H abundance ratio are important in constraining Big Bang nucleosynthesis, models of stellar and Galactic evolution, and H ii region physics. We discuss observations of radio recombination lines using the Green Bank Telescope toward a small sample of H ii regions and planetary nebulae. We report 4He/H abundance ratio differences as high as 15-20% between optical and ratio data that are difficult to reconcile. Using the H ii regions S206 and M17 we determine 4He production in the Galaxy to be dY/dZ = 1.71 ± 0.86.

Liquid-4He target with a small refrigerator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, S.; Kitami, T.; Maruyama, K.; Murata, Y.; Endo, S.; Niki, K.; Morita, T.

1989-10-01

A liquid- 4 He target system with a small refrigerator has been developed for the first time to study γ 4 He reactions at intermediate energies. The density of the target is controlled within an accuracy of 3 %. The target system has been operated successfully for more than 1,000 hours of the experiment using the π-sr TAGX spectrometer at the 1.3-GeV Tokyo electron synchrotron. (author)

Local anisotropy effects in the hydrodynamical theory of multiparticle production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gorenshtejn, M.I.; Sinyukov, Yu.M.

1983-01-01

The stage of final particle formation in the hydrodynamic theory of multiparticle production is analysed. It is shown, that secondary particle spectrum of the fluid element decay to be anisotropic in the rest frame system of this element

Quasiparticle effects in the two-body photodisintegration of 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boettger, W.; Casel, A.; Sandhas, W.

1979-09-01

The total cross sections for the reactions 4 He(γ,n) 3 He and 4 He(γ,p) 3 H are calculated for photon energies between 50 MeV and 150 MeV in a quasiparticle formalism, leading to a simple interpretation for the γ-absorption mechanism. Results are compared with shell model calculations. (orig.)

Bare astrophysical S(E)-factor for the 6Li(d, α)4He and 7Li(p, α)4He reactions at astrophysical energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pizzone, R.G.; Spitaleri, C.; Lattuada, M.; Musumarra, A.; Pellegriti, M.G.; Romano, S.; Tumino, A.; Cherubini, S.; Figuera, P.; Miljanic, D.; Rolfs, C.; Typel, S.; Wolter, H.H.; Castellani, V.; Degl'Innocenti, S.; Imperio, A.

2003-01-01

The Trojan Horse Method has been applied to study the 7 Li(p, α) 4 He and 6 (Li(d, α) 4 He reactions through the 7 Li(d, αα)n and 6 Li( 6 Li, αα) 4 He three body processes, respectively. The electron screening potential deduced from these experiments is much larger than the adiabatic approximation prediction for both cases; the systematic discrepancy between data and theoretical predictions is thus confirmed. Astrophysical implications of these measurements are also discussed

Searching for hidden sectors in multiparticle production at the LHC

CERN Document Server

Sanchis-Lozano, Miguel-Angel; Moreno-Picot, Salvador

2016-01-01

We study the impact of a hidden sector beyond the Standard Model, e.g. a Hidden Valley model, on factorial moments and cumulants of multiplicity distributions in multiparticle production with a special emphasis on the prospects for LHC results.

Local anisotropy effects in the hydrodynamical theory of multiparticle production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gorenstein, M.I.; Sinyukov, Yu.M.

1984-01-01

The stage of secondary particle formation in the hydrodynamic theory of multiparticle production is analysed. We find out that the secondary particle spectrum of the fluid element decay is anisotropic in the rest frame system of this element. (orig.)

6 Ma age of carving Westernmost Grand Canyon: Reconciling geologic data with combined AFT, (U-Th)/He, and 4He/3He thermochronologic data

Science.gov (United States)

Winn, Carmen; Karlstrom, Karl E.; Shuster, David L.; Kelley, Shari; Fox, Matthew

2017-09-01

Conflicting hypotheses about the timing of carving of the Grand Canyon involve either a 70 Ma (;old;) or conflict with these lines of evidence, but are reconciled in this paper via the integration of three methods of analyses on the same sample: apatite (U-Th)/He ages (AHe), 4He/3He thermochronometry (4He/3He), and apatite fission-track ages and lengths (AFT). HeFTy software was used to generate time-temperature (t-T) paths that predict all new and published 4He/3He, AHe, and AFT data to within assumed uncertainties. These t-T paths show cooling from ∼100 °C to 40-60 °C in the Laramide (70-50 Ma), long-term residence at 40-60 °C in the mid-Tertiary (50-10 Ma), and cooling to near-surface temperatures after 10 Ma, and thus support young incision of the westernmost Grand Canyon. A subset of AHe data, when interpreted alone (i.e. without 4He/3He or AFT data), are better predicted by t-T paths that cool to surface temperatures during the Laramide, consistent with an ;old; Grand Canyon. However, the combined AFT, AHe, and 4He/3He analysis of a key sample from Separation Canyon can only be reconciled by a ;young; Canyon. Additional new AFT (5 samples) and AHe data (3 samples) in several locations along the canyon corridor also support a ;young; Canyon. This inconsistency, which mimics the overall controversy of the age of the Grand Canyon, is reconciled here by optimizing cooling paths so they are most consistent with multiple thermochronometers from the same rocks. To do this, we adjusted model parameters and uncertainties to account for uncertainty in the rate of radiation damage annealing in these apatites during sedimentary burial and the resulting variations in He retentivity. In westernmost Grand Canyon, peak burial conditions (temperature and duration) during the Laramide were likely insufficient to fully anneal radiation damage that accumulated during prolonged, near-surface residence since the Proterozoic. We conclude that application of multiple

Lowest vibrational states of 4He3He+: Non-Born-Oppenheimer calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stanke, Monika; Bubin, Sergiy; Kedziera, Dariusz; Molski, Marcin; Adamowicz, Ludwik

2007-01-01

Very accurate quantum mechanical calculations of the first five vibrational states of the 4 He 3 He + molecular ion are reported. The calculations have been performed explicitly including the coupling of the electronic and nuclear motions [i.e., without assuming the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation]. The nonrelativistic non-BO wave functions were used to calculate the α 2 relativistic mass velocity, Darwin, and spin-spin interaction corrections. For the lowest vibrational transition, whose experimental energy is established with high precision, the calculated and the experimental results differ by only 0.16 cm -1

Warm electrons on the liquid 4He surface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saitoh, Motohiko

1977-01-01

Detailed theoretical analysis of non-Ohmic transport of electrons on the liquid 4 He surface is given. The correct form of the electron-ripplon scattering as well as the electron- 4 He gas scattering is taken into account. A characteristic electric field at which electron mobility deviates from the Ohmic value is estimated as a function of temperature and the holding field on the basis of the electron effective temperature approximation. (auth.)

Is There a Pronounced Giant Dipole Resonance in 4He?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Efros, V.D.; Efros, V.D.; Leidemann, W.; Orlandini, G.; Orlandini, G.

1997-01-01

A four-nucleon calculation of the total 4 He photodisintegration cross section is performed. The full final-state interaction is taken into account for the first time. This is achieved via the method of the Lorentz integral transform. Semirealistic NN interactions are employed. Different from the known partial two-body 4 He( γ,n) 3 He and 4 He( γ,p) 3 H cross sections our total cross section exhibits a pronounced giant resonance. Thus, in contrast to older (γ,np) data, we predict quite a strong contribution of the (γ,np) channel at the giant resonance peak energy. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Calculations of static properties of spin-polarized 3He--4He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Owers-Bradley, J.R.; Bowley, R.M.; Main, P.C.

1985-01-01

The theory of dilute mixtures of 3 He in 4 He that have been polarized by a strong magnetic field is developed. The interaction between the quasiparticles is taken to be constant, an approximation valid at low temperatures. The polarization of the mixture depends on the strength of the interaction. The internal energy, the specific heat, the osmotic pressure, and the velocity of second sound are also calculated. The specific heat is relatively insensitive to the interaction, but it does change significantly with magnetic field. The osmotic pressure is more sensitive to the effects of the interaction for some 3 He concentrations and temperatures. The velocity of second sound behaves qualitatively like the osmotic pressure. The measurement of these quantities as a function of temperature and magnetic field is discussed with a view to obtaining the strength of the interaction between quasiparticles

Neutron Diffraction from the Second Layer of 4He on Graphite

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

da Costa Carneiro, Kim; Passell, L.; Thomlinson, W.

1981-01-01

Neutron diffraction has been used to study the second atomic layer of **4He adsorbed on graphite. As the **4He-coverage exceeds the first layer, the second initially forms a fluid phase. But when there is enough **4He in the third layer to compress the second, this layer solidifies. The structure...

Geometrical aspects of reaction cross sections for {sup 3}He, {sup 4}He and {sup 12}C projectiles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ingemarsson, A. [Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Radiation Sciences; Lantz, M. [Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). The Svedberg Laboratory

2003-04-01

A black-disc model combined with accurate matter densities has been used for an investigation of reaction cross sections for {sup 3}He, {sup 4}He and {sup 12}C projectiles. A simple relation is derived between the energy dependence of the reaction cross sections and the strength of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. A comparison is also made of the reaction cross sections for {sup 3}He and {sup 4}He for six different nuclei {sup 12}C, {sup 16}O, {sup 40}Ca, {sup 58,60}Ni and {sup 208}Pb.

Communication: Unraveling the 4He droplet-mediated soft-landing from ab initio-assisted and time-resolved density functional simulations: Au@4He300/TiO2(110)

Science.gov (United States)

de Lara-Castells, María Pilar; Aguirre, Néstor F.; Stoll, Hermann; Mitrushchenkov, Alexander O.; Mateo, David; Pi, Martí

2015-04-01

An ab-initio-based methodological scheme for He-surface interactions and zero-temperature time-dependent density functional theory for superfluid 4He droplets motion are combined to follow the short-time collision dynamics of the Au@4He300 system with the TiO2(110) surface. This composite approach demonstrates the 4He droplet-assisted sticking of the metal species to the surface at low landing energy (below 0.15 eV/atom), thus providing the first theoretical evidence of the experimentally observed 4He droplet-mediated soft-landing deposition of metal nanoparticles on solid surfaces [Mozhayskiy et al., J. Chem. Phys. 127, 094701 (2007) and Loginov et al., J. Phys. Chem. A 115, 7199 (2011)].

[Optimization of labeling and localizing bacterial membrane and nucleus with FM4-64 and Hoechst dyes].

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jing; Han, Yanping; Yang, Ruifu; Zhao, Xingxu

2015-08-04

To observe cell membrane and nucleus in bacteria for subcellular localization. FM4-64 and Hoechst were dyed that can label cell membrane and nucleus, respectively. Both dyes were used to co-stain the membranes and nucleus of eight bacterial strains ( Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Yersinia pestis, Legionella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae and Bacillus anthracis). E. coli was dyed with different dye concentrations and times and then observed by confocal fluorescence microscopic imaging. Fluorescence intensity of cell membrane and nucleus is affected by dye concentrations and times. The optimal conditions were determined as follows: staining cell membrane with 20 μg/mL FM4-64 for 1 min and cell nucleus with 20 μg/mL Hoechst for 20 min. Gram-negative bacteria were dyed better than gram-positive bacteria with FM4-64dye. FM4-64 and Hoechst can be used to stain membrane and nucleus in different types of bacteria. Co-staining bacterial membrane and nucleus provides the reference to observe cell structure in prokaryotes for studying subcellular localization.

Quasi-free and sequential processes in the 9Be(3He,αα)4He reaction at 2,8 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbarino, S.; Lattuada, M.; Riggi, F.; Spitaleri, C.; Vinciguerra, D.

1979-01-01

The quasi-free contribution to the 9 Be( 3 He,αα) 4 He reaction at low incident energy is studied under various detection configurations. The measurements performed at quasi-free angles (symmetrical and non-symmetrical configurations) furter confirm that a large region in the energy spectra is dominated by the quasi-free 5 He( 3 He,α) 4 He process. From a comparison of these results with those taken at symmetrical angles where the minimum accepted momentum of the spectator is around 70 MeV/c, the conclusion is drawn that no significant distortion is introduced by the sequential peak tails in the deduced 5 He- 4 He momentum distribution

SYMPOSIUM: Multiparticle Dynamics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

1984-09-15

How is the seemingly simple world of quarks and leptons related to the complicated phenomena that particle physicists see in their detectors? This was the theme of the 15th Symposium on multiparticle dynamics held in Lund, Sweden, from 11-16 June. Apart from the many results from the CERN proton-antiproton Collider, a recurrent theme during the conference was the growing awareness of the importance of quark 'hadronization'. Everyone knows that isolated quarks have never been found in Nature. Only those combinations of quarks and antiquarks that form hadrons have been detected. The dressing of the quarks to become hadrons goes under the name 'hadronization' and this process is very difficult to describe theoretically from first principles. Even the currently accepted theory for strong quark interactions — quantum chromodynamics, QCD — has difficulties. QCD has been shown to be a good theory describing 'small distance phenomena' — small compared to a hadron.

Coherent π- production in He3 + Li6 → π- + X at 303 MeV/N

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hiller, B.; Pirner, H.J.; Heidelberg Univ.

1982-01-01

The production of pions by the He 3 nucleus is calculated in the Weizsaecker-Williams approximation. The pion cloud of the He 3 nucleus acts like a beam of pions scattering incoherently on the Li 6 nucleus. The size and energy dependence of the observed π-cross section at 0 0 degrees is in good agreement with this theoretical model. (orig.)

Quenching of 4He(21S,21P) and 3He(21S,21P) states by collisions with Ne(1S0) atoms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blagoev, K.B.; Dimova, E.; Petrov, G.M.

2004-01-01

The cross sections and rate constants for quenching 4 He(2 1 S), 4 He(2 1 P), 3 He(2 1 S) and 3 He(2 1 P) states by collisions with ground state Ne atoms are measured by a time-resolved method in a He-Ne electron beam excited plasma at low pressure. These rate constants at T g =600 K are: k 4 He(2 1 S) =(1.6±0.2)x10 -10 , k 4 He(2 1 P) =(3.4±2.5)x10 -10 , k 3 He(2 1 S) =(1.6±0.2)x10 -10 and k 3 He(2 1 P) =(5.7±1.2)x10 -10 cm 3 s -1 . The cross sections derived from the rate constant are σ 4 He(2 1 S) =(8.4±0.8)x10 -16 , σ 4 He(2 1 P) =(1.8±1.3)x10 -15 , σ 3 He(2 1 S) =(7.1±0.9)x10 -16 and σ 3 He(2 1 P) =(2.6±0.5)x10 -15 cm 2 , respectively. The diffusion coefficient of 3 He(2 1 S) in 3 He is estimated to be D 3 He(2 1 S)- 3 He =1.9D 4 He(2 1 S)- 4 He , based on comparison with 4 He. A time-dependent collisional radiative model for an e-beam sustained He-Ne plasma is developed and the predicted line intensity of NeI λ=6328 A line is compared with the experimental data. The influence of different processes involved in population and depopulation dynamics of He(2 1 S) state are evaluated

A study of compound particles in pion-nucleus interactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahmad, Tufail

2012-01-01

In this paper, the phenomenon of multiparticle production has been studied using the nuclear emulsion technique. Nuclear emulsion is a material which memorises the tracks of charged particles. When an incident particle interacts with the nuclei of the emulsion, secondary particles are produced. These secondary particles are classified into three categories viz., shower (Ns), grey (Ng) and black (Nb) particles. The investigation of particle-nucleus collisions is fundamental for understanding the nature of the interaction process. In such studies most of the attention was paid to the relativistic charged particles that is showers (1-3). From the survey of literature it is found that slow particles (grey and black) are less studied in comparison to charged shower particles. Grey particles may provide some valuable information and it may be taken as good measure of number of collisions made by the incident particle

Microscopic theory for nucleon-nucleus optical potential in intermediate energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

He Guozhu; Cai Chonghai

1984-01-01

Based on the scattering theory of KMT and FGH we calculate the nucleon-nucleus optical potentials of 4 He, 16 O and 40 Ca from the Paris N-N potential given by M. Lacombe et al. The real part Vsub(R)(r) of our optential has the form of Woods-Saxon when the kinetic energy E of the incident nucleon is low. The depth of Vsub(R)(r) will decrease as E increases, and it turns into positive in the interior of nucleus when E approx.= 300 MeV. The repulsive effect in the interior of nucleus increases rapidly as E increases even more, butthere always exists some attractive effect at the surface of nucleus. Therefore, Vsub(R)(r) has generally the wine-bottle bottom shape. We also calculate the quatity Jv/N = (4π/N)∫sub(0)sub(infinity)Vsub(R)(r)r 2 dr. Our results are basically in acordance with those of M.Jaminon et al's relativistic Hatree calculation as well as the experimental results. In this work we also calculate the imaginary part of optical potential and its variation with the kinetic energy of the incident nucleon

Quantum beats study of the 4He+ beam-carbon foil interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Denis, A.; Desesquelles, J.

1979-01-01

Excitation cross-sections are deduced from the analysis of quantum beats in an electric field for an 4 He + (n=4) ion beam scattering through a thin carbon foil. The population distribution obtained at 1 MeV for 4S, 4P, 4D and 4F levels is in good agreement with a second-order Born approximation calculation of the electronic capture He ++ +C→He + (n=4) + C + . The alignment is found to be negative for P, D and F levels. The coherences Δl=+-1 have been measured, for amplitudes and phases [fr

Nucleus spectroscopy: extreme masses and deformations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Theisen, Ch.

2009-12-01

The author proposes a synthesis of research activities performed since 1995 in the field of experimental nuclear physics, and more particularly in the investigation of two nucleus extreme states: deformation on the one hand, heavy and very heavy nuclei on the other hand. After a presentation of the context of investigations on deformation, rotation, and heavy nuclei, he gives an overview of developments regarding instruments (gamma spectrometers, detection of fission fragments, and detection at the focal plane of spectrometers or separators) and analysis techniques. Experiments and results are then reported and discussed, concerning super-deformed states with a high angular moment, spectroscopy of neutron-rich nuclei, very heavy nuclei close to nucleus map borders. He finally draws perspectives for middle and long term studies on the heaviest nuclei

One-body density matrix and the momentum density in 4He and 3He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Whitlock, P.A.; Panoff, R.M.

1984-01-01

The one-body density matrix and the momentum density for liquid and solid 4 He, determined from Green's Function Monte Carlo calculations using the HFDHE2 pair potential, are described. Values for the condensate fraction and the kinetic energy derived from these calculations are given and compared to recent experimental results. Preliminary results from variational Monte Carlo calculations on n(r) and n(k) for liquid 3 He are also reported

Effect of rotation on the elastic moduli of solid 4He

Science.gov (United States)

Tsuiki, T.; Takahashi, D.; Murakawa, S.; Okuda, Y.; Kono, K.; Shirahama, K.

2018-02-01

We report measurements of elastic moduli of hcp solid 4He down to 15 mK when the samples are rotated unidirectionally. Recent investigations have revealed that the elastic behavior of solid 4He is dominated by gliding of dislocations and pinning of them by 3He impurities, which move in the solidlike Bloch waves (impuritons). Motivated by the recent controversy of torsional oscillator studies, we have performed direct measurements of shear and Young's moduli of annular solid 4He using pairs of quarter-circle-shape piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) while the whole apparatus is rotated with angular velocity Ω up to 4 rad/s. We have found that shear modulus μ is suppressed by rotation below 80 mK, when shear strain applied by PZT exceeds a critical value, above which μ decreases because the shear strain unbinds dislocations from 3He impurities. The rotation-induced decrement of μ at Ω =4 rad/s is about 14.7(12.3)% of the total change of temperature dependent μ for solid samples of pressure 3.6(5.4) MPa. The decrements indicate that the probability of pinning of 3He on dislocation segment G decreases by several orders of magnitude. We propose that the motion of 3He impuritons under rotation becomes strongly anisotropic by the Coriolis force, resulting a decrease in G for dislocation lines aligning parallel to the rotation axis.

Probabilistic Teleportation of Multi-particle d-Level Quantum State

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

CAO Min; ZHU Shi-Qun

2005-01-01

The general scheme for teleportation of a multi-particle d-level quantum state is presented when m pairs of partially entangled particles are utilized as quantum channels. The probabilistic teleportation can be achieved with a successful probability of d-1∏N=0(CN0)2/dM,which is determined by the smallest coefficients of each entangled channels.

Universal multifractality in multiparticle production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Florkowski, W.; Hwa, R.C.

1991-01-01

The G moments for the multifractal analysis of multiparticle production are investigated in a model-independent way. By successive bin splitting and assuming the existence of a multiplicity splitting function that depends on multiplicity, but applicable at all steps of the splittings, we study the ergodicity of horizontal and vertical averaging, and derive a universality relation for the G moments. It relates the G moments for different initial multiplicities to a common scaling function Γ q (ξ). The experimental verification of this scaling property would, on the one hand, signify self-similarity in the data, and, on the other, provide a convenient function for comparison not only among different experiments, but also between theory and experiment

Low-energy 4He+ scattering from deuterium adsorbed on stepped Pd(331)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ellis, W.P.; Bastasz, R.

1996-01-01

We have taken angle-resolved data for the scattering of low-energy ( 4 He + from deuterium adsorbed on a stepped Pd(331) surface. The impact geometry was up the staircase, that is, the 4 He + beam was perpendicular to and directly incident onto the unshadowed Pd ledge atoms. A strong quasi-elastic scattering signal of 4 He + from D ( 4 He + /D) was observed at a forward scattering angle of θ = 25 degrees and an incidence angle of α = 76 degrees from the (331) normal. The results agree with shadow cone calculations of scattering first from Pd ledge atoms followed by a second event, 4 He + /D. The resultant adsorption geometry shows D to reside in the quasi- threefold ledge site on the surface directly above the bulk fcc octahedral void. These results are consistent with the previous 4 He + scattering study of the geometrically related Pd(110)- D(ads) system

Study of the Pion Production Mechanisms in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at the CERN SC using the Omicron Spectrometer

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

The aim of this experiment is to study the pion production mechanism in nucleus-nucleus collisions with the |3He and |1|2C beams of the CERN SC using the Omicron Spectrometer. The high intensity ion beams delivered now by the SC combined with the favourable characteristics of the Omicron Spectrometer offer a unique possibility of measuring very low cross-sections (typically in the order of 1 pb/(sr~MeV/c). In a first stage we will measure with an energy resolution of about 3~MeV the spectra of @p@+ emitted at 0|0 in two-body reactions induced by |3He ions of 910~MeV on targets of |6Li, |7Li, |9Be and |1|2C. The aim is to understand the reaction mechanisms and the nuclear wave functions most appropriate to describe the formation of nuclear bound states at momentum transfers of about 1.6@/1.7~GeV/c. The apparatus is shown in the figure. The same instrument will allow the measurement of the @p@+ inclusive spectra emitted at 0|0 after the interaction of the |1|2C|4|+ beam at 1032 MeV with the same targets. At 86 ...

3He/4He ratio, noble gas abundance and K-Ar dating of diamonds - an attempt to search for the records of early terrestrial history

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ozima, M.; Zashu, S.; Nitoh, O.

1983-01-01

The 3 He/ 4 He ratios measured in 27 Southern Africa diamond stones, four from Premier Mine and the rest of unidentified origin, range from 4.2 x 10 -8 to 3.2 x 10 -4 , with three stones above 1 x 10 -4 . We conclude that the initial helium isotopic ratio ( 3 He/ 4 He) 0 in the earth was significantly higher than that of the planetary helium-A ( 3 He/ 4 He = 1.42 x 10 -4 ), but close to the solar helium ( 3 He/ 4 He = approx. 4 x 10 -4 ). The apparent K-Ar ages for the twelve diamonds of unidentified origin show enormously old age, indicating excess argon-40. 3 He/ 4 He evolution in diamonds suggests that the diamonds with the high 3 He/ 4 He ratio (> 2 x 10 -4 ) may be as old as the earth. Noble gas elemental abundance in the diamonds relative to the air noble gas abundance shows monotonic decrease with a decreasing mass number. This paper discusses the implications of these observations on the early solar system and the origin of diamonds. (author)

Determination of the spin polarization of a 4He+ ion beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, T.; Yamauchi, Y.

2008-01-01

It was demonstrated that the spin polarization of a 4 He + ion beam (P He + ) can be determined from the spin dependence of the electron emission in the deexcitation process of spin-polarized He metastable atoms (He*, 2 3 S 1 ) and spin-polarized He + ions on Fe (100) surfaces. On Fe (100) surfaces, both He* and He + deexcite via Auger neutralization, and therefore, the spin asymmetry obtained from spin-polarized He + ion neutralization spectroscopy should be equal to that from spin-polarized metastable He* deexcitation spectroscopy. The spin polarization of He* was obtained from Stern-Gerlach measurements. P He + was finally determined to be 0.19±0.02

From e+e- to Heavy Ion Collisions - Proceedings of the XXX International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics

Science.gov (United States)

Csörgő, Tamás Hegyi, Sándor Kittel, Wolfram

The Table of Contents for the book is as follows: * Preface * QCD IN MULTIPARTICLE PRODUCTION * QCD and multiparticle production - The status of the perturbative cascade * Test of QCD predictions for multiparticle production at LEP * Multijet final states in e+e- annihilation * Tests of QCD in two photon physics at LEP * Interplay between perturbative and non-perturbative QCD in three-jet events * QCD and hadronic final states at the LHC * Transverse energy and minijets in high energy collisions * Multiparticle production at RHIC and LHC: A classical point of view * High energy interaction with the nucleus in the perturbative QCD with Nc → ∞ * DIFFRACTIVE PRODUCTION AND SMALL-x * Introduction to low-x physics and diffraction * Low-x physics at HERA * Diffractive structure functions at the Tevatron * What is the experimental evidence for the BFKL Pomeron? * Self-organized criticality in gluon systems and its consequences * Scale anomaly and dipole scattering in QCD * Pomeron and AdS/CFT correspondence for QCD * INTERPLAY BETWEEN SOFT AND HARD PHENOMENA * Inclusive jet cross sections and BFKL dynamics searches in dijet cross sections * Soft and hard interactions in p bar{p} Collisions at √ s = 1800 and 630 GeV * Recent results on particle production from OPAL * New results on αs and optimized scales * Preliminary results of the standard model Higgs boson search at LEP 2 in 2000 * Ways to go between hard and soft QCD * Alternative scenarios for fragmentation of a gluonic Lund String * A simultaneous measurement of the QCD colour charges and the strong coupling from LEP multijet data * Branching processes and Koenigs function * Soft and hard QCD dynamics in J/ψ hadroproduction * HADRONIC FINAL STATES IN 1+1, 1+h AND h+h REACTIONS * Universality in hadron production in electron-positron, lepton-hadron and hadron-hadron reactions * Search for gluonic mesons in gluon jets * Vector-to-pseudoscalar and meson-to-baryon ratios in hadronic Z decays at LEP

Radiogenic 3He/4He Estimates and Their Effect on Calculating Plio-Pleistocene Cosmogenic 3He Ages of Alluvial-Fan Terraces in the Lower Colorado River Basin, USA

Science.gov (United States)

Fenton, C.; Pelletier, J.

2005-12-01

Several alluvial-fan terraces near Topock, AZ were created by successive entrenchment of Pliocene and Pleistocene alluvial-fan gravels shed from the adjacent Black Mountains along the lower Colorado River corridor below Hoover Dam. These fans interfinger with and overlie main-stem Colorado River sands and gravels and grade to terrace levels that correspond with pre-existing elevations of the Colorado River. Absolute dates for the ages of Quaternary deposits on the lower Colorado River are rare and cosmogenic 3He age estimates of these surfaces would help constrain the timing of aggradation and incision in the lower Colorado River corridor. We analyzed individual basalt boulders from several terrace surfaces for total 3He/4He concentrations to calculate cosmogenic 3He ages of each fan terrace; 3He/4He values, expressed as R/Ra where Ra is the 3He/4He of air, range from 0.29 to 590. Black Mountain volcanic rocks have reported K-Ar ages between 15 and 30 Ma and basalt samples from adjacent alluvial fans contain 0.42 to 47× 1012 at/g of 4He, which has likely accumulated due to nuclear processes. The amount of radiogenic 3He/4He can be significant in old rocks with young exposure ages and can complicate determination of cosmogenic 3 He content. Alpha-decay of U, Th, and their daughter isotopes produces large amounts of 4He, whereas significant amounts of radiogenic 3He are only produced through the neutron bombardment of Li and subsequent beta-decay of tritium. We measured Li, U, Th, major and rare-earth element concentrations in whole-rock basalts and mineral separates. These concentrations are used to estimate the ratio of radiogenic helium contributed to the total helium system in our samples. Li concentrations typically range from 6 to 17 ppm, with one outlier of 62 ppm. U contents range from calculations predict that the average radiogenic helium (R/Ra) contributed to the total helium in Black Mountain basalt samples is 0.011. Other noble gas studies have shown

Collective flows of protons and $\\pi^-$ mesons in $^{2}$H + C, Ta and He plus C, Ta collisions at 3.4 GeV/nucleon

CERN Document Server

Chkhaidze, L; Djobava, T; Kladnitskaya, E; Kharkhelauri, L; Uzhinsky, V

2011-01-01

Collective flows of protons and negative pions have been studied in (2)H + C, Ta and He + C, Ta collisions at an energy of 3.4 GeV/nucleon. The data have been obtained by the 2-m Propane Bubble Chamber (PBC-500) at JINR. It is found that the directed flow of protons and pi(-) mesons characterized by d /d(y) increases with increase of the mass numbers of colliding nucleus pairs; the elliptic proton flow points out of the reaction plane and also strengthens as the system mass increases; the negative pion directed flow is in the same reaction plane as the proton flow for the lighter (2H + C, He + C) systems and in the opposite direction for the heavier ((2)H + Ta, He + Ta) systems. In (2)H + C, He + C, C + C, C + Ne, (2)H + Ta, He + Ta, C + Cu, and C + Ta collisions, the linear dependence of directed and elliptic flow parameters from mass numbers of projectile and target nuclei, (A(P).A(T))(1/2), is similar for protons while for pi(-) mesons the dependence of directed flow parameters is stronger. The ultrarelati...

Observation of mass flux through hcp 4He off the melting curve

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ray, M W; Hallock, R B

2009-01-01

Solid hcp 4 He has been created off the melting curve using two growth techniques. In an effort to observe the flow of 4 He through the solid, rather than squeezing the solid directly, the experimental apparatus allows injection of 4 He atoms from superfluid in porous Vycor directly into the solid. We will describe the apparatus and our observations. Evidence for the transport of mass through a sample cell filled with hcp solid 4 He off the melting curve is found. The temperature and pressure dependence of this behavior will be presented.

Energy dependence phase shift analysis of PI4He elastic scattering and the possibility of the (PI4He) excited states existence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nichitiu, F.; Falomkin, I.V.; Sapozhnikov, M.G.; Shcherbakov, Yu.A.; Piragino, G.

1981-06-01

In the 24 MeV-260 MeV kinetic energy interval, the energy dependent phase shift analysis of π 4 He elastic scattering is done. The eneray dependence is given by the rational fraction approximants of the partial S matrix. The search for the stable S matrix zero-pole pairs in the k and √s complex plane give some proofs for the existence of the (π 4 He) excited states in the S, P and probably D partial waves. (authors)

The entanglement purification for entangled multi-particle states

CERN Document Server

Ye, Liu; Guo Guang Can

2002-01-01

We present two purification schemes for nonmaximally entangled states. We first show that two parties, Alice and Bob, start with shared less-entangled three-particle states to probabilistically produce a three-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state by Bell state measurements and positive operator valued measure (POVM) or a unitary transformation. Then, by a straightforward generalization of the schemes, the purification of a multi-particle entangled state can be realized. 25 Refs. --- 35 --- AN

Low-lying states and structure of the exotic 8He via direct reactions on the proton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skaza, F.; Lapoux, V.; Keeley, N.; Alamanos, N.; Auger, F.; Beaumel, D.; Becheva, E.; Blumenfeld, Y.; Delaunay, F.; Drouart, A.; Gillibert, A.; Giot, L.; Khan, E.; Nalpas, L.; Pakou, A.; Pollacco, E.; Raabe, R.; Roussel-Chomaz, P.; Rusek, K.; Scarpaci, J.-A.; Sida, J.-L.; Stepantsov, S.; Wolski, R.

2007-01-01

The structure of the light exotic nucleus 8 He was investigated using direct reactions of the 8 He SPIRAL beam on a proton-rich target. The (p,p') scattering to the 2 1 + state, the (p,d) 7 He and (p,t) 6 He transfer reactions, were measured at the energy E lab =15.7 A.MeV. The light charged particles (p,d,t) were detected in the MUST Si-strip telescope array. The excitation spectrum of 8 He was extracted from the (p,p') reaction. Above the known 2 1 + excited state at 3.6 MeV, a second resonance was found around 5.4 MeV. The cross sections were analyzed within the coupled-reaction channels framework, using microscopic potentials. It is inferred that the 8 He ground state has a more complex neutron-skin structure than suggested by previous α+4n models assuming a pure (1p 3/2 ) 4 configuration

High-pressure {sup 4}He drift tubes for fissile material detection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Zhehui, E-mail: zwang@lanl.gov [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Morris, Christopher L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Gray, F.E. [Regis University, Denver, CO 80221 (United States); Bacon, J.D.; Brockwell, M.I.; Chang, D.Y.; Chung, K.; Dai, W.G.; Greene, S.J.; Hogan, G.E.; Lisowski, P.W.; Makela, M.F.; Mariam, F.G.; McGaughey, P.L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Mendenhall, M. [California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Milner, E.C.; Miyadera, H.; Murray, M.M.; Perry, J.O.; Roybal, J.D. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); and others

2013-03-01

A detector efficiency model based on energy extraction from neutrons is described and used to compare {sup 4}He detectors with liquid scintillators (EJ301/NE-213). Detector efficiency can be divided into three regimes: single neutron scattering, multiple neutron scattering, and a transition regime in-between. For an average fission neutron of 2 MeV, the amount of {sup 4}He needed would be about 1/4 of the amount of the mass of EJ301/NE-213 in the single-scattering regime. For about 50% neutron energy extraction (1 MeV out of 2 MeV), the two types of detectors ({sup 4}He in the transition regime, EJ301 still in the single-scattering regime) have comparable mass, but {sup 4}He detectors can be much larger depending on the number density. A six-tube 11-bar-pressure {sup 4}He detector prototype is built and tested. Individual electrical pulses from the detector are recorded using a 12-bit digitizer. Differences in pulse rise time and amplitudes, due to different energy loss of neutrons and gamma rays, are used for neutron/gamma separation. Several energy spectra are also obtained and analyzed.

Multiparticle octupole coupling and magnetic moments of hn9/2 isomers in N=126 isotones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stuchbery, A.E.; Byrne, A.P.; Dracoulis, G.D.; Fabricius, B.; Kibedi, T.

1992-12-01

The influence of particle-vibration coupling on the g-factors of the (h 9/2 ) n > isomers in the N = 126 isotones is assessed using the multiparticle octupole coupling model. According to the model, admixtures of the configuration (h 9/2 ) n-1 f 7/2 > in the yrast 8 + and 21/2 - states, nominally associated with the configuration (h 9/2 ) n >, increase with n. On its own, the octupole mixing mechanism therefore predicts g-factors for these states that increase with the number of valence protons. This trend is the opposite of that predicted by core-polarization blocking. Combining multiparticle octupole coupling and first order core-polarization blocking significantly reduces the discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical g-factors of these states. It is concluded that the observed breakdown in additivity for the g-factors of the (h 9/2 ) n > isomers in the N = 126 isotones arises primarily from first order core-polarization blocking and the combination of configuration mixing due to multiparticle octupole coupling and shell model residual interactions. 40 refs., 5 tabs., 3 figs

S100A4 interacts with p53 in the nucleus and promotes p53 degradation.

Science.gov (United States)

Orre, L M; Panizza, E; Kaminskyy, V O; Vernet, E; Gräslund, T; Zhivotovsky, B; Lehtiö, J

2013-12-05

S100A4 is a small calcium-binding protein that is commonly overexpressed in a range of different tumor types, and it is widely accepted that S100A4 has an important role in the process of cancer metastasis. In vitro binding assays has shown that S100A4 interacts with the tumor suppressor protein p53, indicating that S100A4 may have additional roles in tumor development. In the present study, we show that endogenous S100A4 and p53 interact in complex samples, and that the interaction increases after inhibition of MDM2-dependent p53 degradation using Nutlin-3A. Further, using proximity ligation assay, we show that the interaction takes place in the cell nucleus. S100A4 knockdown experiments in two p53 wild-type cell lines, A549 and HeLa, resulted in stabilization of p53 protein, indicating that S100A4 is promoting p53 degradation. Finally, we demonstrate that S100A4 knockdown leads to p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Thus, our data add a new layer to the oncogenic properties of S100A4 through its inhibition of p53-dependent processes.

Specific features of kinetics of He/sup 3/-He/sup 4/ solid solution transformations at superlow temperatures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mikheev, V A; Majdanov, V A; Mikhin, N P

1986-06-01

The NMR data on the phase transition kinetics of /sup 3/He-/sup 4/He solid solutions at T=100 mK are considered. Studied are solid helium samples of a molecular volume of 20.55 cm/sup 2//mol with a /sup 3/He content of 0.54%. An unusually long phase transition time is found which is dependent on the prehistory of sample. The spin diffusion of /sup 3/He in the transformated solution concentrated phase is found to be of a quasi-one-dimensional nature with the diffusion coefficient value typical of liquid.

Study of short-range correlation in nuclei via measurement of the ⁴He(,ee'pp) and ⁴He(e,e'pn) reaction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Korover, Igor [Tel Aviv Univ., Ramat Aviv (Israel)

2015-04-01

This thesis reports on a simultaneous measurement of the ⁴He(e,e'p), ⁴He(e,e'pp), and ⁴He(e,e'pn) reactions at Q² = 2 (GeV/c)² and x_B > 1 for an (e,e'p) missing momentum range of 400 to 830 MeV/c.

Multiparticle dynamics in an expanding universe

Science.gov (United States)

Anderson, James L.

1995-11-01

Approximate equations of motion for multiparticle systems in an expanding Einstein-deSitter universe are derived from the Einstein-Maxwell field equations using the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann surface integral method. At the Newtonian level of approximation one finds that, in comoving coordinates, both the Newtonian gravitational and Coulomb interactions in these equations are multiplied by the inverse third power of the scale factor R(t) appearing in the Einstein-deSitter field and they acquire a cosmic ``drag'' term. Nevertheless, both the period and luminosity size of bound two-body systems whose period is small compared to the Hubble time are found to be independent of t.

Condensate fraction in superfluid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olinto, A.C.

1986-01-01

Recently, a relationship between the chemical potential and the condensate fraction η o (T) has been derived for all temperatures in the superfluid region. An analysis of liquid 4 He chemical potential data yields η o (T=0) = 0.062 and η o (T) is in excellent with the empirical results of Svensson, Sears, and Griffin. (Autor) [pt

Second sound, osmotic pressure, and Fermi-liquid parameters in 3He-4He solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Corruccini, L.R.

1984-01-01

Second-sound velocities and osmotic pressures are analyzed to obtain the first experimental values for the Landau compressibility parameter F 0 /sup s/ in 3 He- 4 He solutions. Data are presented as a function of pressure and 3 He concentration, and are compared to theoretical predictions. The square of the second-sound velocity at finite temperature is found to be accurately proportional to the internal energy of a perfect Fermi gas. Using inertial effective masses given by the Landau-Pomeranchuk theory, the square of the velocity is found to separate into two parts: a temperature-dependent part characterized completely by ideal Fermi-gas behavior and a temperature-independent part containing all the Fermi-liquid corrections. This is related to a similar separation found in the osmotic pressure

Theoretical charge-exchange total cross sections for B+3 + He and C+4 + He collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shipsey, E.J.; Browne, J.C.; Olson, R.E.

1977-01-01

Charge-exchange total cross sections for the B +3 + He and C +4 + He systems have been calculated in the velocity range v = (1--10) x 10 7 cm/sec. Ab initio potential-energy curves and coupling-matrix elements were computed and employed in the impact-parameter classical-coupled equations that describe the collision to obtain the cross sections. For the B +3 + He system, our calculations are in excellent agreement with experimental results with the finding that the single-electron-transfer cross section rises rapidly to a maximum of 1.45 x 10 -15 cm 2 at v = 5.5 x 10 7 cm/sec. For the C +4 + He system, however, we find that the double-electron-transfer process is more important than the single-electron-transfer process. For example, at v = 5 x 10 7 cm/sec, the double-electron-transfer cross section is found to be 0.6 x 10 -16 cm 2 vs 5.5 x 10 -17 for the single-electron transfer. This is in disagreement with an experiment of Crandall which gave the single-charge-transfer process as dominant. However, the more recent experiment reported by Crandall, Olson, Browne, and Shipsey verifies the double charge transfer as the dominant process for low energies

Thermodynamics of dilute 3He-4He solid solutions with hcp structure

Science.gov (United States)

Chishko, K. A.

2018-02-01

To interpret the anomalies in heat capacity CV(T) and temperature-dependent pressure P(T) of solid hexagonal close-packed (hcp) 4He we exploit the model of hcp crystalline polytype with specific lattice degrees of freedom and describe the thermodynamics of impurity-free 4He solid as superposition of phononic and polytypic contributions. The hcp-based polytype is a stack of 2D basal atomic monolayers on triangular lattice packed with arbitrary long (up to infinity) spatial period along the hexagonal c axis perpendicular to the basal planes. It is a crystal with perfect ordering along the layers, but without microscopic translational symmetry in perpendicular direction (which remains, nevertheless, the rotational crystallographic axis of third order, so that the polytype can be considered as semidisordered system). Each atom of the hcp polytype has twelve crystallographic neighbors in both first and second coordination spheres at any arbitrary packing order. It is shown that the crystal of such structure behaves as anisotropic elastic medium with specific dispersion law of phonon excitations along c axis. The free energy and the heat capacity consist of two terms: one of them is a normal contribution [with CV(T) ˜ T3] from phonon excitations in an anisotropic lattice of hexagonal symmetry, and another term (an "excessive" heat) is a contribution resulted by packing entropy from quasi-one-dimensional system of 2D basal planes on triangular lattice stacked randomly along c axis without braking the closest pack between neighboring atomic layers. The excessive part of the free energy has been treated within 1D quasi-Ising (lattice gas) model using the transfer matrix approach. This model makes us possible to interpret successfully the thermodynamic anomaly (heat capacity peak in hcp 4He) observed experimentally.

Cluster model study of the excited states of /sup 4/He

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furutani, H. [Osaka Univ., Suita (Japan). Research Center for Nuclear Physics; Ikegami, H.; Muraoka, M. [eds.; Osaka Univ., Suita (Japan). Research Center for Nuclear Physics

1980-01-01

Excited states of /sup 4/He are studied in the energy region E sub(x) = 20 -- 35 MeV within the framework of a (3N + N)-cluster model. (/sup 3/H + p) - (/sup 3/He + n) coupled channel calculation is carried out and results are compared with /sup 3/H(p, p)/sup 3/H, /sup 3/He(n, n)/sup 3/He and /sup 3/H(p, n)/sup 3/He reactions.

Properties of the {sup 7}He ground state from {sup 8}He neutron knockout

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aksyutina, Yu. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Fundamental Fysik, Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola, S-412 96 Goeteborg (Sweden); Johansson, H.T. [Fundamental Fysik, Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola, S-412 96 Goeteborg (Sweden); Aumann, T.; Boretzky, K. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Borge, M.J.G. [Instituto Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, E-28006 Madrid (Spain); Chatillon, A. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Chulkov, L.V. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Kurchatov Institute, RU-123182 Moscow (Russian Federation); Cortina-Gil, D. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Pramanik, U. Datta [Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064 (India); Emling, H. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Forssen, C. [Fundamental Fysik, Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola, S-412 96 Goeteborg (Sweden); Fynbo, H.O.U. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C (Denmark); Geissel, H.; Ickert, G. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Jonson, B. [Fundamental Fysik, Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola, S-412 96 Goeteborg (Sweden)], E-mail: bjn@fy.chalmers.se; Kulessa, R. [Instytut Fizyki, Universytet Jagiellonski, PL-30-059 Krakow (Poland); Langer, C. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Lantz, M. [Fundamental Fysik, Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola, S-412 96 Goeteborg (Sweden); LeBleis, T. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); Lindahl, A.O. [Institutionen foer Fysik, University of Gothenburg, S-412 96 Goeteborg (Sweden)] (and others)

2009-08-24

The unbound nucleus {sup 7}He, produced in neutron-knockout reactions with a 240 MeV/u {sup 8}He beam in a liquid-hydrogen target, has been studied in an experiment at the ALADIN-LAND setup at GSI. From an R-matrix analysis the resonance parameters for {sup 7}He as well as the spectroscopic factor for the {sup 6}He(0{sup +}) + n configuration in its ground-state have been obtained. The spectroscopic factor is 0.61 confirming that {sup 7}He is not a pure single-particle state. An analysis of {sup 5}He data from neutron-knockout reactions of {sup 6}He in a carbon target reveals the presence of an s-wave component at low energies in the {alpha}+n relative energy spectrum. A possible low-lying exited state in {sup 7}He observed in neutron knockout data from {sup 8}He in a carbon target and tentatively interpreted as a I{sup {pi}}=1/2{sup -} state, could not be observed in the present experiment. Possible explanations of the shape difference between the {sup 7}He resonance obtained in the two knockout reactions are discussed in terms of target-dependence or different reaction mechanisms at relativistic energies.

Backward elastic p3He-scattering and high momentum components of 3He wave function

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uzikov, Yu.N.

1998-01-01

It is shown that owing to a dominance of np-pair transfer mechanism of backward elastic p 3 He-scattering for incident proton kinetic energies T p > 1 GeV the cross section of this process is defined mainly by the values of the Faddeev component of the wave function of 3 He nucleus, φ 23 (q 23 , p 1 ), at high relative momenta q 23 > 0.6 GeV/c of the NN-pair in the 1 S 0 -state and at low spectator momenta p 1 ∼ 0 - 0.2 GeV/c

Dimension effect in impuriton gas of 3He -4He superfluid mixture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adamenko, I.N.; Bortnik, L.N.; Chervanev, A.I.

1999-01-01

The flow of quasiparticle gas forced by the gradients of thermodynamical values in the volume filled with a powder is considered. The exact solution of the kinetic equation is obtained. It is expressed in terms of matrix elements of the collision integral and partial scattering cross-sections of quasiparticles at the powder. The condition describing the steady non-equilibrium state of the quasiparticles gas in the volume filled with a porous material is obtained. The results obtained are valid for arbitrary relations of frequencies of quasiparticle-quasiparticle and quasiparticle-powder collisions. The transitions from the Knudsen regime of quasiparticle gas flow to the hydrodynamic one is investigated. The Knudsen effect in degenerated quantum gas is studied. The steady non-equilibrium state of 3 He- 4 He superfluid mixture impuriton gas is studied in confined geometry

Ab initio calculations of 3H(d,n)4He fusion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Navratil, Petr; Quaglioni, Sofia

2012-01-01

We build a new ab initio many-body approach capable of describing simultaneously both bound and scattering states in light nuclei, by combining the resonating-group method with the ab initio no-core shell model. In this way, we complement a microscopic-cluster technique with the use of realistic interactions, and a microscopic and consistent description of the nucleon clusters. We will present the first results of the d- 3 H and d- 3 He fusion calculation obtained within our ab initio approach. We will also discuss our d- 4 He, 3 H- 4 He and 3 H- 3 H scattering calculations and the outline of the extension of the formalism to include three-cluster final states with the goal to calculate the 3 H( 3 H,2n) 4 He cross section

Brookhaven National Laboratory's multiparticle spectrometer drift chamber system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Etkin, A.; Kramer, M.A.

1979-01-01

A system of drift chambers is being built to replace the present spark chambers in the Brookhaven National Laboratory's Multiparticle Spectrometer. This system will handle a beam of approx. 3 million particles per second and have a resolution of 200 μm. A summary of the status of the chambers and the custom integrated circuits is presented. The data acquisition system is described. Prototype chambers have been built and tested with results that are consistent with the expected chamber properties

Hyperfine Structure Measurements of Antiprotonic $^3$He using Microwave Spectroscopy

CERN Document Server

Friedreich, Susanne

The goal of this project was to measure the hyperfine structure of $\\overline{\\text{p}}^3$He$^+$ using the technique of laser-microwave-laser spectroscopy. Antiprotonic helium ($\\overline{\\text{p}}$He$^+$) is a neutral exotic atom, consisting of a helium nucleus, an electron and an antiproton. The interactions of the angular momenta of its constituents cause a hyperfine splitting ({HFS}) within the energy states of this new atom. The 3\\% of formed antiprotonic helium atoms which remain in a metastable, radiative decay-dominated state have a lifetime of about 1-3~$\\mu$s. This time window is used to do spectroscopic studies. The hyperfine structure of $\\overline{\\text{p}}^4$He$^+$ was already extensively investigated before. From these measurements the spin magnetic moment of the antiproton can be determined. A comparison of the result to the proton magnetic moment provides a test of {CPT} invariance. Due to its higher complexity the new exotic three-body system of $\\overline{\\text{p}}^3$He$^+$ is a cross-check...

Biocarbon-coated LiFePO4 nucleus nanoparticles enhancing electrochemical performances.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Xueguang; Zhang, Xudong; He, Wen; Yue, Yuanzheng; Liu, Hong; Ma, Jingyun

2012-10-18

We report a simple, inexpensive green biomimetic way for developing the high performance LiFePO(4) for high-power lithium-ion batteries. Biocarbon-coated LiFePO(4) nucleus nanoparticles are synthesized by using yeast cells as both a structural template and a biocarbon source.

Neutron production by deuteron breakup on 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmidt, D.

1994-10-01

Neutron spectra of the deuteron breakup on 4 He have been measured at eight deuteron incident energies between 4.7 MeV and 12.1 MeV using the TOF method. The measurements carried out at angles of 0 deg, 5 deg and 10 deg were completed by measurements at 2.5 deg and 7.5 deg at some energies. The cross sections for these angles were reliably interpolated for the other energies. The normalization to absolute cross sections was carried out by reference to the well known data of the DD reaction. When a relative energy scale is introduced the spectral shape is almost angle-independent. It is shown that the use of the deuteron breakup on 4 He can considerably refine the correction for the deuteron breakup on deuterium in scattering experiments made with Monte Carlo simulations. (orig.)

Rapidity-density patterns for events in a stochastic-field multiparticle theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnold, R.C.

1976-02-01

Typical-event rapidity distributions expected at energies of a few TeV are calculated in a stochastic-field multiparticle production theory. Short range rapidity correlations with characteristics of a Van der Waals fluid give rise to ''domain'' patterns in rapidity density, which have the appearance of clusters separated by rapidity gaps

Superfluid density and heat capacity measurements of 4He in porous gold

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoon, J.; Chan, M.

1995-01-01

Superfluid density of full pore 4 He as well as thin film 4 He confined in porous gold were measured as a function of temperature. The superfluid transition temperature of full pore was found to be 2.156 K. In both cases power law dependence on reduced temperature was found and the exponent was found to be the same as that of bulk 4 He. Porous gold is made by electrochemically leaching out silver from silver-gold alloy. The porous gold sample the authors fabricated has porosity of 55 with a diameter of 250 angstrom. Electron microscope picture shows that the structure of porous gold is exceedingly similar to that of Vycor. Heat capacity measurement of full pore 4 He in porous gold is in progress

The relation between temperature and concentration gradients in superfluid sup 3 He- sup 4 He solutions

CERN Document Server

Zadorozhko, A A; Rudavskij, E Y; Chagovets, V K; Sheshin, G A

2003-01-01

The temperature and concentration gradients nabla T and nabla x in a superfluid sup 3 He- sup 4 He mixture with an initial concentration 9,8 % of sup 3 He are measured in a temperature range 70-500 mK. The gradients are produced by a steady thermal flow with heating from below. It is shown that the value of nabla x/nabla T observed in the experiment is in good agreement with the theoretical model derived from the temperature and concentration dependences of osmotic pressure. The experimental data permitted us to obtain a thermal diffusion ratio of the solution responsible for the thermal diffusion coefficient.

Evidence for pion exchange currents in the analysis of the /sup 4/He(p,d)/sup 3/He reaction at intermediate energies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shepard, J R; Rost, E; Smith, G R [Colorado Univ., Boulder (USA). Nuclear Physics Lab.

1979-12-01

Previous unsuccessful analyses of /sup 4/He(p,d)/sup 3/He at intermediate energies have employed densities based directly on the measured e/sup -/ + /sup 4/He elastic scattering. When the effects of pion exchange currents are removed, the resulting DWBA analysis is in qualitative agreement with the experimental data.

Production of d, t, 3He, anti d, anti t and anti 3He by 200 GeV protons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bozzoli, W.; Giacomelli, G.; Rimondi, F.; Zylberajch, S.; Lesquoy, E.; Meunier, R.; Moscoso, L.; Muller, A.; Bussiere, A.

1978-01-01

Data are presented on the yields of d, t, 3 He, anti d, anti t, and anti 3 He with laboratory momenta between 12 and 37 GeV/c produced by 200 GeV protons on beryllium and aluminium. The production yield of nuclei depends significantly on the target nucleus, while the anti d production is independent of target material. The mass dependence of the production cross section is exponential for both nuclei and antinuclei

1-3 Nuclear In-medium Effects of Strange Particles in Proton-nucleus Collisions

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Feng; Zhaoqing[1

2014-01-01

Extraction of the in-medium properties of strange particles from heavy-ion collisions is very complicated, since he nuclear density varies in the evolution of nucleus-nucleus collisions. To avoid the uncertainties of the baryon ensities during the stage of strange particle production, one can investigate proton-nucleus collisions where the uclear density is definite around the saturation density. Dynamics of strange particles produced in the protoninduced uclear the reactions near the threshold energies has been investigated within the Lanzhou quantum olecular dynamics (LQMD) transport model. The in-medium modifications on particle production in densenuclear matter are considered through the corrections to the elementary cross sections via the effective mass and he mean-field potentials[1].

Is e+e- pair emission important in the determination of the 3He+4He S factor?

Science.gov (United States)

Snover, K. A.; Hurd, A. E.

2003-05-01

We show that the cross section for direct E0 pair emission is related to the cross section for direct E2 photon emission, and is a negligible contribution to the total capture cross section for 3He+4He→7Be. E0 resonance emission, E1 pair emission, and internal conversion are also negligible. Thus there cannot be significant contributions to the 3He+4He→7Be capture cross section at low energies from electromagnetic emission processes other than single photon emission.

Interaction cross sections and pions minus multiplicities on nucleus-nucleus collisions at 4.2 GeV/c per nucleon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Angelov, N.; Ahababyan, N.; Anoshin, A.I.

1979-01-01

Data are presented on inelastic cross sections and multiplicities of pions minus produced on collisions of protons, deuterons, helium-4 and carbon-12 nuclei at 4.2 GeV/c per nucleon in the propane bubble chamber witn tantalum and carbon plates. Average multiplicities and dispersions of multiplicity distributions are compared with those in nucleon-nucleon interactions. Deviation of C-Ta interaction data from universal dependence of dispersion on multiplicity is observed. Pion multiplicities are found proportional to the number of nucleons from incident nucleus which interacted in the target. The results are not in contradiction with the assumption that nucleons from the incident nucleus interact independently in the target. For C-Ta interactions the average radius of the pion emission volume has been determined by the interference method to be r=(3.3+-0.6) fm

Partial inelasticity coefficients of negative pions produced in hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

OLIMOV, K.; LUTPULLAEV, S.L.; PETROV, V.I.; OLIMOV, A.K.

2015-01-01

New experimental data on the partial inelasticity coefficients of negative pions produced in "1"6Op-collisions at 3.25 A GeV/s, pC-interactions at 4.2 and 9.9 GeV/s, and d,α,C(C)-collisions at 4.2 A GeV/s are presented. It is established that the behavior of partial inelasticity coefficients of pions at intermediate energies (<10 GeV) in hadron-nucleus collisions has a transitional character, reaching the limiting value at ultrahigh energies. It is shown that the mean values of partial inelasticity coefficients of pions produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions decrease with an increase in mass number of the projectile nucleus. (authors)

New modes of halo excitation in the 6He nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Danilin, B.V.; Rogde, T.; Ershov, S.N.; Heiberg-Andersen, H.; Vaagen, J.S.; Danilin, B.V.; Ershov, S.N.; Vaagen, J.S.; Thompson, I.J.; Zhukov, M.V.

1997-01-01

Predictions are made for the structure of a second 2 + resonance, the soft dipole mode and unnatural parity modes in the 6 He continuum. We use a structure model which describes the system as a three-body α+N+N cluster structure, giving the experimentally known properties of 6 He and 6 Li, and use the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) reaction theory appropriate for dilute matter. The presence of both resonant and nonresonant structures in the halo excitation continuum is shown to be manifest in charge-exchange reactions as well as inelastic scattering with single nucleons. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Fifth sound in superfluid 4He below 1 K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Williams, G.A.; Rosenbaum, R.

1979-01-01

Fifth-sound propagation has been studied in He II adsorbed on large-diameter alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) powder grains below 1 K. The velocity of the fifth-sound mode in 4 He remains in good agreement with the theoretical value c 2 5 =rho/sub n//rhoc 2 2 . Using tabulated values for rho/sub n//rho, values of the second-sound velocity are obtained

Estradiol target neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and lateral ventromedial nucleus of young adult, reproductively senescent, and monosodium glutamate-lesioned female golden hamsters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blaha, G.C.; Lamperti, A.A.

1983-01-01

Histoautoradiographic methods were used to assess estrogen target neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventromedial nucleus, lateral portion (LVM), comparing young adult and aged female golden hamsters. A subgroup of young adult females had ARC lesions induced by monosodium glutamate at neonatal day 8. All were ovariectomized to remove endogenous estrogens. Controls were given nonradioactive estradiol. After 3 H-estradiol ( 3 H-E2) was injected intravenously, hypothalami were removed, frozen, and processed for histoautoradiography. In the ARC and LVM the ratio of 3 H-E2 labelled neurons to total neurons counted was significantly lower in the older animals. Young females with ARC lesions had very few 3 H-E2 labelled neurons remaining in the ARC but had a normal complement in the LVM. Although 3 H-E2 labelled ARC neurons were notably decreased in old females, those ARC neurons that were labelled in the old had virtually the same frequency distribution of the labelling index as in the young, suggesting no change in the average estrogen uptake per target cell

Communication: Unraveling the {sup 4}He droplet-mediated soft-landing from ab initio-assisted and time-resolved density functional simulations: Au@{sup 4}He{sub 300}/TiO{sub 2}(110)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lara-Castells, María Pilar de, E-mail: Pilar.deLara.Castells@csic.es; Aguirre, Néstor F. [Instituto de Física Fundamental (C.S.I.C.), Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid (Spain); Stoll, Hermann [Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart (Germany); Mitrushchenkov, Alexander O. [Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, MSME UMR 8208 CNRS, 5 bd Descartes, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée (France); Mateo, David; Pi, Martí [Department ECM, Facultat de Física, and IN" 2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona (Spain)

2015-04-07

An ab-initio-based methodological scheme for He-surface interactions and zero-temperature time-dependent density functional theory for superfluid {sup 4}He droplets motion are combined to follow the short-time collision dynamics of the Au@{sup 4}He{sub 300} system with the TiO{sub 2}(110) surface. This composite approach demonstrates the {sup 4}He droplet-assisted sticking of the metal species to the surface at low landing energy (below 0.15 eV/atom), thus providing the first theoretical evidence of the experimentally observed {sup 4}He droplet-mediated soft-landing deposition of metal nanoparticles on solid surfaces [Mozhayskiy et al., J. Chem. Phys. 127, 094701 (2007) and Loginov et al., J. Phys. Chem. A 115, 7199 (2011)].

4f states of He2: A new spectrum of He2 in the near infrared

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herzberg, G.; Jungen, C.

1986-01-01

A new spectrum of the He 2 molecule has been discovered in the region 5100--5900 cm -1 . It is identified as the 4f--3d Rydberg transition of He 2 with a weak contribution of 4d--3p in the same region. The uncoupling of l from the internuclear axis in both the triplet and the singlet system is almost complete in the 4f complex; the appropriate quantum number is N + corresponding to the rotational angular momentum of the He + 2 core. The electronic fine structure in each N + level depends on the dipole polarizability α of the core and its anisotropy as well as on the quadrupole moment Q 2 and higher moments Q 4 ,... of the core. Conversely, from the observed structure some of the quantities characterizing the core have been determined, e.g., α = 1/3(2α/sub perpendicular/+α/sub parallel/) = 2.82 +- 0.02, Q 2 = 1.39 +- 0.13, Q 4 = 0.99 +- 0.14, all in atomic units. The detailed rotational analysis of the spectrum shows that widespread perturbations occur in the triplet 4f levels, the largest affecting the N = 6,N + = 3 and N = 9,N + = 7 levels which are shifted towards higher energies by 1 and 2 cm -1 , respectively. The perturbations are clearly caused by Δl = 2 interaction with corresponding levels of 4pπ for which Orth and Ginter have found the opposite perturbations. There are no similar perturbations in the corresponding singlet levels

Search for the He-η bound states with the WASA-at-COSY facility

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Krzemien W.

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The η-mesic nuclei in which the η meson is bound with nucleus via strong interaction was postulated already in 1986, however till now no experiment confirmed empirically its existence. The discovery of this new kind of an exotic nuclear matter would be very important for better understanding of the η meson structure and its interaction with nucleons. The search for η-mesic helium is carried out with high statistic and high acceptance with the WASA-at-COSY detection setup in the Research Center Jülich. The search is conducted via the measurement of the excitation function for the chosen decay channels of the 4He-η system. Till now two reactions dd → (4He-ηbs → 3Hepπ− and dd → (4He-ηbs → 3Henπ0 were measured with the beam momentum ramped around the η production threshold. This report includes the description of experimental method and status of the analysis.

Multiparticle 3D imaging technique to study the structure of molecular ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koenig, W.; Faibis, A.; Kanter, E.P.; Vager, Z.; Zabransky, B.J.

1984-01-01

When energetic molecular ions (E/sub ion/ = 0.1 to 0.5 MeV/amu) pass through thin solid targets a Coulomb explosion ensues due to the rapid (approx. 10 -17 s) stripping of the valence electrons. This process has been successfully used to derive stereochemical information on diatomic and on selected triatomic ions. In order to investigate more complex molecular ions as well as to obtain more accurate and detailed structure information, a large area, multiparticle, position- and time-sensitive detector has been developed to detect all atomic fragments in coincidence. The requirement of multiparticle detection independent of the relative particle positions leads to a rather complex data-readout and -reduction system containing approx. 650 analog-to-digital conversions per event. The system relies heavily on techniques developed for high energy physics experiments during recent years. The single event resolution of the apparatus with respect to bond-lengths and -angles has been studied by Monte Carlo simulations and is typically a few percent

Faraday instability of crystallization waves in 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abe, H; Ueda, T; Morikawa, M; Saitoh, Y; Nomura, R; Okuda, Y

2007-01-01

Periodic modulation of the gravity acceleration makes a flat surface of a fluid unstable and standing waves are parametrically excited on the surface. This phenomenon is called Faraday instability. Since a crystal-superfluid interface of 4 He at low temperatures is very mobile and behaves like a fluid surface, Saarloos and Weeks predicted that Faraday instability of the crystallization waves exists in 4 He and that the threshold excitation for the instability depends on the crystal growth coefficient. We successfully observed the Faraday instability of the crystal-liquid interface at 160 mK. Faraday waves were parametrically generated at one half of the driving frequency 90 Hz. Amplitude of the Faraday wave becomes smaller at higher temperature due to decrease of the crystal growth coefficient and disappears above 200 mK

Fully self-consistent multiparticle-multi-hole configuration mixing method - Applications to a few light nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Robin, Caroline

2014-01-01

This thesis project takes part in the development of the multiparticle-multi-hole configuration mixing method aiming to describe the structure of atomic nuclei. Based on a double variational principle, this approach allows to determine the expansion coefficients of the wave function and the single-particle states at the same time. In this work we apply for the first time the fully self-consistent formalism of the mp-mh method to the description of a few p- and sd-shell nuclei, using the D1S Gogny interaction. A first study of the 12 C nucleus is performed in order to test the doubly iterative convergence procedure when different types of truncation criteria are applied to select the many-body configurations included in the wave-function. A detailed analysis of the effect caused by the orbital optimization is conducted. In particular, its impact on the one-body density and on the fragmentation of the ground state wave function is analyzed. A systematic study of sd-shell nuclei is then performed. A careful analysis of the correlation content of the ground state is first conducted and observables quantities such as binding and separation energies, as well as charge radii are calculated and compared to experimental data. Satisfactory results are found. Spectroscopic properties are also studied. Excitation energies of low-lying states are found in very good agreement with experiment, and the study of magnetic dipole features are also satisfactory. Calculation of electric quadrupole properties, and in particular transition probabilities B(E2), however reveal a clear lack of collectivity of the wave function, due to the reduced valence space used to select the many-body configurations. Although the renormalization of orbitals leads to an important fragmentation of the ground state wave function, only little effect is observed on B(E2) probabilities. A tentative explanation is given. Finally, the structure description of nuclei provided by the multiparticle

Inelastic electron scattering from 3He and 4He in the threshold region at high momentum transfer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rock, S.; Arnold, R.G.; Chertok, B.T.; Szalata, Z.M.; Day, D.; McCarthy, J.S.; Martin, F.; Mecking, B.A.; Sick, I.; Tamas, G.

1981-01-01

The cross section for inclusive inelastic electron scattering from the helium isotopes has been measured at momentum transfers squared of 0.8 less than or equal to Q 2 less than or equal to 5.0 (GeV/c) 2 for 3 He and 0.8 less than or equal to Q 2 less than or equal to 2.4 (GeV/c) 2 for 4 He. The data were taken at 10 0 and cover the range 1.0 2 /2M/sub He/ν, which includes the elastic peak, nuclear breakup threshold, the high momentum tail of the quasi elastic scattering, and pion production. The structure function, νW 2 , derived from the data is approaching a scaling limit at high Q 2 . It can be factored into a product of functions of Q 2 and of x as predicted by some models

Multiparticle tunneling during field emission from YBa2Cu3Or-δ

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fursej, G.N.; Kocheryzhenkov, A.V.; Maslov, V.I.; Smirnov, A.P.

1988-01-01

Electron tunneling to vaccuum from YBa 2 Cu 3 O r-δ metal ceramics is considered. The investigation is aimed at studying the quantity of elementary act and statistics of autoelectron emission (AE) which means act distribution according to their quantity. Multielectron AE acts from Y-Ba-Cu-O are detected for the first time within 4.2-300K interval. Observation of multiparticle acts at T>T c indicates, that AE multielectron character is not conditioned by superconducting state feature, but reflects the source properties of metal ceramics. It is shown that the relative share of pair tunneling reaches 10%, and the share of three-electron and four-electron acts is about 1% and 0.2% respectively

Elastic scattering measurements of {sup 4},{sup 6}He+ {sup 58}Ni at energies near the Coulomb barrier

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morcelle, V.; Lichtenthaeler, R.; Guimaraes, V.; Lepine-Szily, A.; Faria, P.N.; Camargo, O.; Barioni, A.; Mendes Junior, D.R.; Condori, R.P.; Zamora, J.C.; Morais, M.C.; Pires, K.C.C.; Scarduelli, V.; Leistenschneider, E.; Zagatto, V.A.B. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil); Shorto, J.M.B. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

Full text: Elastic scattering angular distributions and total reaction cross sections of the neutron halo projectile nucleus {sup 6}He on a {sup 58}Ni target at energies around the Coulomb barrier are presented. The measurements were obtained at pelletron accelerator at the University of Sao Paulo (Brazil) and the {sup 6}He radioactive secondary beam has been produced in the RIBRAS system through the {sup 9}Be({sup 7}Li, {sup 6}He){sup 10}B production reaction. The elastic scattering angular distributions obtained at E{sub Lab}= 12.5, 16.5 and 21.0 MeV, have been analysed by using optical model, using the Sao Paulo and Wood-Saxon potentials and the respective total reaction cross sections have been obtained. The total reaction cross sections have been reduced using the Wong formula and the UFF equation and are compared with other stable and unstable systems from the literature. (author)

Photoemission of protons from 4He in the Δ-resonance region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wichmann, R.; Ahrens, J.; Arends, H.J.; Beck, R.; Galler, G.; Huenger, A.; Kraus, A.; MacGregor, I.J.D.; Peise, J.; Seitz, B.; Schmitz, M.; Schneider, M.; Selke, O.; Schumacher, M.; Wissmann, F.

1996-01-01

High resolution proton energy spectra from the 4 He(γ,p) reaction have been measured with tagged photons in the range E γ =130-525 MeV using the large Mainz NaI(Tl) spectrometer at Θ lab p =37.1 circle. Three separate reaction channels were identified, viz. 4 He(γ,p)t two-body breakup, 4 He photodisintegration via two-nucleon photon absorption processes and the quasifree pion production channel. Differential cross sections are presented for each of these channels as a function of photon energy. The sum of the two-nucleon photon absorption and the quasifree pion production differential cross sections, in the CM system, resembles that of the corresponding free-nucleon differential cross section when Fermi motion is taken into account. (orig.)

New solar axion search in CAST with $^4$He filling

CERN Document Server

Arik, M; Barth, K; Belov, A; Brauninger, H; Bremer, J; Burwitz, V; Cantatore, G; Carmona, J M; Cetin, S A; Collar, J I; Da Riva, E; Dafni, T; Davenport, M; Dermenev, A; Eleftheriadis, C; Elias, N; Fanourakis, G; Ferrer-Ribas, E; Galan, J; Garcia, J A; Gardikiotis, A.; Garza, J G; Gazis, E N; Geralis, T; Georgiopoulou, E; Giomataris, I; Gninenko, S; Marzoa, M Gomez; Hasinoff, M D; Hoffmann, D H H; Iguaz, F J; Irastorza, I G; Jacoby, J; K.Jakovcic; Karuza, M; Kavuk, M; Krcmar, M; Kuster, M; Lakic, B; Laurent, J M; Liolios, A; Ljubicic, A; Luzon, G; Neff, S; Niinikoski, T; Nordt, A; Ortega, I; Papaevangelou, T; Pivovaroff, M .J; Raffelt, G; Rodriguez, A; Rosu, M; Ruz, J; Savvidis, I; Shilon, I; Solanki, S K; Stewart, L; Tomas, A; Vafeiadis, T; Villar, J; Vogel, J K; Yildiz, S C; Zioutas, K

2015-01-01

The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) searches for $a\\to\\gamma$ conversion in the 9 T magnetic field of a refurbished LHC test magnet that can be directed toward the Sun. Two parallel magnet bores can be filled with helium of adjustable pressure to match the X-ray refractive mass $m_\\gamma$ to the axion search mass $m_a$. After the vacuum phase (2003--2004), which is optimal for $m_a\\lesssim0.02$ eV, we used $^4$He in 2005--2007 to cover the mass range of 0.02--0.39 eV and $^3$He in 2009--2011 to scan from 0.39--1.17 eV. After improving the detectors and shielding, we returned to $^4$He in 2012 to investigate a narrow $m_a$ range around 0.2 eV ("candidate setting" of our earlier search) and 0.39--0.42 eV, the upper axion mass range reachable with $^4$He, to "cross the axion line" for the KSVZ model. We have improved the limit on the axion-photon coupling to $g_{a\\gamma}< 1.47\\times10^{-10} {\\rm GeV}^{-1}$ (95% C.L.), depending on the pressure settings. Since 2013, we have returned to vacuum and aim for a s...

Production of 4He in D2-Loaded Palladium-Carbon Catalyst I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clarke, W. Brian

2003-01-01

A series of lead vials of internal volume 1.0 cm 3 were charged with ∼200 mg of carbon catalyst containing 0.5% Pd and 0.4% Pd. The vials were clamped to stainless steel manifolds on a vacuum line, then pumped out and filled with high-purity H 2 or D 2 at a pressure of 152 cm Hg and a temperature of 23 deg. C. Several vials contained ordinary activated carbon instead of palladium-carbon, and some vials contained only H 2 or D 2 . All the vials were stored in a sandbox heated to ∼ 200 deg. C for times up to 45 days before mass spectrometer measurements of 3 He and 4 He were made. No evidence was found for the high concentrations of 4 He claimed in similar experiments by several other researchers. The upper limit for the concentration excess of 4 He in D 2 in vials containing palladium-carbon is 11 ppt (parts per trillion) at the 95% confidence level. This limit for 4 He may be compared with previous claims in similar experiments of 100 ppm (parts per million) by Case and 11 ppm by George and McKubre et al

Application of {sup 14}N({sup 3}He,{sup 4}He){sup 13}N nuclear reaction to nitrogen profiling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wielunski, L.S. [Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Lindfield, NSW (Australia). Div. of Applied Physics

1996-12-31

In this paper the {sup 14}N({sup 3}He,{sup 4}He){sup 1`}3N reaction is proposed for nitrogen profiling in metals and other materials. The beam energy is chosen to be 4.65 MeV in order to use the high cross section. Two types of particle filtering are used: a 25 {mu}m thick mylar in front of the detector to avoid backscattered particle pileup and reduced detector bias voltage to avoid full energy detection of high energy protons produced by competing reactions. The depth resolution is about 150-200 nm and the sensitivity is better than for the {sup 14}N(d,{sup 4}He){sup 12}C reaction. The low level of neutron radiation background allows use of this reaction in accelerator laboratories without radiation shielding. 11 refs., 5 figs.

Application of {sup 14}N({sup 3}He,{sup 4}He){sup 13}N nuclear reaction to nitrogen profiling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wielunski, L S [Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Lindfield, NSW (Australia). Div. of Applied Physics

1997-12-31

In this paper the {sup 14}N({sup 3}He,{sup 4}He){sup 1`}3N reaction is proposed for nitrogen profiling in metals and other materials. The beam energy is chosen to be 4.65 MeV in order to use the high cross section. Two types of particle filtering are used: a 25 {mu}m thick mylar in front of the detector to avoid backscattered particle pileup and reduced detector bias voltage to avoid full energy detection of high energy protons produced by competing reactions. The depth resolution is about 150-200 nm and the sensitivity is better than for the {sup 14}N(d,{sup 4}He){sup 12}C reaction. The low level of neutron radiation background allows use of this reaction in accelerator laboratories without radiation shielding. 11 refs., 5 figs.

The singular multiparticle correlation function and the α-model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bozek, P.; Ploszajczak, M.

1991-01-01

The comparison is made between the two descriptions of multiparticle correlations using either the α-model or the scale-invariant distribution functions. The case of the strong and weak intermittency is discussed. These two descriptions show similar results for both the scaled factorial moments and the scaled factorial correlators. It is shown that the dimensional projection does not alter this similarity and moreover, it explains an experimentally observed difference between the slopes of factorial moments and factorial correlators. (author) 8 refs.; 3 figs

Pion production in 3He-nucleus interactions at 910 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aslanides, E.; Baumann, P.; Bergdolt, G.; Engelstein, P.; Fassnacht, P.; Hibou, F.; Bressani, T.; Puddu, G.A.

1983-01-01

The ( 3 He, πsup(+-)X) reaction has been studied at 910 MeV using the 3 He ++ beam of the CERN SC, Complete π - spectra on CH 2 , CD 2 , 9 Be, 12 C, 27 Al, Cd and Pb, and π + spectra on CH 2 , CD 2 and 12 C targets have been measured at 0 0 , up or close to the kinematic limit xsub(F)=1. The results are compared to various theoretical calculations. (orig.)

3He impurity states on liquid 4He: From thin films to the bulk surface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pavloff, N.; Treiner, J.

1991-01-01

The structure of the states accessible to 3 He impurities in films of liquid 4 He on Nuclepore is investigated using a density functional approach with a finite-range effective interaction. In thick films, one finds that the two lowest states are localized in the surface region. For thinner films, the variation with film thickness of the first three states results from a delicate balance between the attractive tail of the substrate potential and the quantum finite-size effect. The existence of states localized in the second layer of the films is discussed. The energy difference between the ground state and the first excited state agrees with the recent determination of Higley, Sprague, and Hallock from magnetization measurements. The effective mass of the ground state has a structure similar to that obtained by Krotscheck and coworkers and exhibits a maximum for a 4 He coverage of 0.15 angstrom -2 , in agreement with the data of Gasparini and coworkers. A similar behavior is predicted for the effective mass of the first, second, and third excited states. The structure of the energy spectrum may also explain former results on third-sound measurements in thin mixture films by Laheurte et al. and by Hallock

High efficiency transfer of quantum information and multiparticle entanglement generation in translation-invariant quantum chains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Plenio, Martin B; Semiao, Fernando L

2005-01-01

We demonstrate that a translation-invariant chain of interacting quantum systems can be used for high efficiency transfer of quantum entanglement and the generation of multiparticle entanglement over large distances and between arbitrary sites without the requirement of precise spatial or temporal control. The scheme is largely insensitive to disorder and random coupling strengths in the chain. We discuss harmonic oscillator systems both in the case of arbitrary Gaussian states and in situations when at most one excitation is in the system. The latter case, which we prove to be equivalent to an xy-spin chain, may be used to generate genuine multiparticle entanglement. Such a 'quantum data bus' may prove useful in future solid state architectures for quantum information processing

Apparent violation of isospin symmetry in the 3H(3He,2H)4He reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rai, G.; Blyth, C.O.; England, J.B.A.; Farooq, A.; Karban, O.; Rawas, E.; Roman, S.; Vlastou, R.

1988-01-01

Angular distributions of the vector analyzing powers for the 3 H( 3 He, 2 H) 4 He reaction have been measured over the incident energy range 18--33 MeV. The measurements centered about 18 MeV display a deviation from the antisymmetric shape expected from isospin symmetry. Concentrating on the explanation of the 90 0 analyzing powers, we report the results of a distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis which includes the direct and exchange processes and the spin-orbit potential. It is shown that the anomalous behavior of the 90 0 vector analyzing powers can be largely explained by the effect of a single F-wave potential resonance which leads to the magnification of the short-range differences between the 3 He and 3 H wave functions

On-line satellite/central computer facility of the Multiparticle Argo Spectrometer System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, E.W.; Fisher, G.P.; Hien, N.C.; Larson, G.P.; Thorndike, A.M.; Turkot, F.; von Lindern, L.; Clifford, T.S.; Ficenec, J.R.; Trower, W.P.

1974-09-01

An on-line satellite/central computer facility has been developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory as part of the Multiparticle Argo Spectrometer System (MASS). This facility consisting of a PDP-9 and a CDC-6600, has been successfully used in study of proton-proton interactions at 28.5 GeV/c. (U.S.)

Intercepts and residues of Regge poles in a stochastic-field multiparticle theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnold, R.C.

1976-01-01

A dynamical theory of multiparticle amplitudes, based on a functional integral representation embodying collective long-range correlations, is applied to the calculation of Regge intercepts and residues. Poles arising in conventional multiperipheral models will characteristically be modified in three ways: promotion, renormalization, and a proliferation of dynamical secondary trajectories, reminiscent of dual models

Viktor S. Rumyantsev 1945-2003

CERN Multimedia

Russakovich, N A

It is with deep regret that we announce the death of Dr. Viktor S. Rumyantsev on 28 February 2003. His scientific carrier began at the Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences (Minsk, Belarus) where he performed experimental research in the field of particle physics. In 1974 he started working in close collaboration with the colleagues from the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia), where he investigated multi-particle production in pion-nucleus collisions. In 1994 Viktor Rumyantsev was elected as Deputy Director of the Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of JINR, Dubna. Since that time he has been engaged in the ATLAS Collaboration, especially in the construction of the Tile Calorimeter Barrel, and also the Liquid Argon Calorimeter and the MDT chambers. At that time Viktor also contributed to the WA-102 experiment at the CERN OMEGA spectrometer, aimed at searching for exotic mesons in Double Pomeron Exchange processes. From 1999 he headed the Particle Physics Laboratory of th...

Two-parameter study of the quasiperiodic route to chaos in convecting 3He--superfluid-4He mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mainieri, R.; Sullivan, T.S.; Ecke, R.E.

1989-01-01

We study the frequency lockings of two intrinsic hydrodynamic modes of a convecting 3 He-superfluid- 4 He mixture by independently varying the Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers. We establish points on the critical line in this parameter space using a transient technique to locate the spiral-node transition in the interior of three resonance horns. Universal scaling is demonstrated at winding numbers with golden mean tails by computing the f(α) singularity spectrum

Exploring advantages of 4He-PIXE analysis for layered objects in cultural heritage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roehrs, S.; Calligaro, T.; Mathis, F.; Ortega-Feliu, I.; Salomon, J.; Walter, P.

2006-01-01

In the field of cultural heritage 4 He particle beams are often used to perform RBS analysis. In most cases the simultaneously produced X-rays are not considered for PIXE analysis. This paper aims to explore the potentials of 4 He induced X-ray emission (α-PIXE) using 4, 5 and 6 MeV 4 He beams and to compare its performance with that of conventional PIXE with 3 MeV protons. The α-PIXE and α-RBS spectra were collected at the same time in a vacuum chamber. The X-ray yields produced by 6 MeV 4 He beam for K-lines were found to be superior to those of protons for atomic numbers below 25. An additional advantage of α-PIXE is the lower bremsstrahlung background which leads to an improved peak to noise ratio for certain elements

Electroproduction of the neutral pion off 4He

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Torayev, Bayram [Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States)

2016-12-01

Deeply virtual exclusive processes offer a unique opportunity to study the internal structure of the nucleon and nuclei. The goal of this work is to extract the beam-spin asymmetry in deeply virtual coherent neutral pion electroproduction, e^4He to e'^4He'pi^0, using the CLAS detector in the experimental Hall B at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The data were collected in 2009 with a 6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam impinging on a 30 cm long, 6 atm Helium-4 gaseous target. In order to ensure that the process is coherent, a new Radial Time Projection Chamber was used to detect and identify low energy recoil a-particles. The Beam Spin Asymmetry in the coherent deep exclusive regime was measured at Q^2 = 1.50 GeV^2, xB = 0.18 and -t = 0.14 GeV^2. The measured asymmetry has an amplitude of 10%+/-5% and has the opposite sign compared the asymmetry measured for pi^0 production on the proton.

Dimensionality analysis of multiparticle production at high energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chilingaryan, A.A.

1989-01-01

An algorithm of analysis of multiparticle final states is offered. By the Renyi dimensionalities, which were calculated according to experimental data, though it were hadron distribution over the rapidity intervals or particle distribution in an N-dimensional momentum space, we can judge about the degree of correlation of particles, separate the momentum space projections and areas where the probability measure singularities are observed. The method is tested in a series of calculations with samples of fractal object points and with samples obtained by means of different generators of pseudo- and quasi-random numbers. 27 refs.; 11 figs

Proton-4He elastic scattering at intermediate energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Auger, J.P.; Gillespie, J.; Lombard, R.J.

1975-12-01

Differential elastic cross sections and polarizations are calculated in a multiple scattering formalism for proton- 4 He scattering for energies in the range 0.6-24GeV and for momentum transfers up to 4.0fmsup(-1). The calculations include Coulomb and spin effects. Corrections due to target-nucleon overlap and charge exchange are estimated. The results are compared with experimental data [fr

Dielectric Constant Measurements of Solid 4He

Science.gov (United States)

Yin, L.; Xia, J. S.; Huan, C.; Sullivan, N. S.; Chan, M. H. W.

2011-03-01

Careful measurements of the dielectric properties of solid 4He have been carried out down to 35 mK, considerably lower than the temperature range of previous studies. The sample was prepared from high purity gas with 3He concentrations of the order of 200 ppb and were formed by the blocked capillary method. The molar volume of the sample was 20.30 cm3. The dielectric constant of the samples was found to be independent of temperature down to 120 mK before showing a continuous increase with decreasing temperature and saturating below 50 mK. The total increase in ɛ is 2 parts in 10-5. The temperature dependence of ɛ mimics the increase in the resonant frequency found in the torsional oscillator studies and also the increase found in the shear modulus measurements.

Electromagnetic scattering and emission by a fixed multi-particle object in local thermal equilibrium: General formalism.

Science.gov (United States)

Mishchenko, Michael I

2017-10-01

The majority of previous studies of the interaction of individual particles and multi-particle groups with electromagnetic field have focused on either elastic scattering in the presence of an external field or self-emission of electromagnetic radiation. In this paper we apply semi-classical fluctuational electrodynamics to address the ubiquitous scenario wherein a fixed particle or a fixed multi-particle group is exposed to an external quasi-polychromatic electromagnetic field as well as thermally emits its own electromagnetic radiation. We summarize the main relevant axioms of fluctuational electrodynamics, formulate in maximally rigorous mathematical terms the general scattering-emission problem for a fixed object, and derive such fundamental corollaries as the scattering-emission volume integral equation, the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the dyadic transition operator, the multi-particle scattering-emission equations, and the far-field limit. We show that in the framework of fluctuational electrodynamics, the computation of the self-emitted component of the total field is completely separated from that of the elastically scattered field. The same is true of the computation of the emitted and elastically scattered components of quadratic/bilinear forms in the total electromagnetic field. These results pave the way to the practical computation of relevant optical observables.

LM1-64: a Newly Reported Lmc-Pn with WR Nucleus

Science.gov (United States)

Pena, M.; Olguin, L.; Ruiz, M. T.; Torres-Peimbert, S.

1993-05-01

The object LM1-64 was reported by Lindsay & Mullan (1963, Irish Astron. J., 5, 51) as a probable PN in the LMC. Optical and UV spectra taken by us confirm that suggestion. LM1-64 is a high excitation planetary nebulae which shows evidence of having a WC central star. Broad stellar emission at lambda 4650 is detected in the optical spectrum obtained with the CTIO 4m telescope, in 1989. A UV spectrum in the range from 1200 Angstroms to 2000 Angstroms was obtained with IUE in 1990. We have measured all the emission line fluxes available and determined values for the physical conditions and chemical abundances of the nebular ionized gas. The derived values are T(OIII) = 14000K, log He/H = 11.05, log C/H = 9.48, log O/H = 8.55 and log Ne/H = 7.94. LM1-64 shows a large C enhancement in the envelope as result of the central star activity, while He, O and Ne are comparable to the average values reported for the LMC-PNe (Monk, Barlow & Clegg, 1988, MNRAS, 234, 583). We have estimated the He II Zanstra temperature of the central star to be ~ 80,000 K. This temperature is much higher than the values reported for the known LMC-PNe with WR nucleus that Monk et al. have classified as W4 to W8. The only other high temperature WR nucleus in a LMC-PN is N66 which recently showed evidence of undergoing a WR episode (Torres-Peimbert, Ruiz, Peimbert & Pe\\ na, 1993, IAU Symp. 155, eds. A. Acker & R. Weinberger, in press).

Experimental Research of the Radiative Capture of Thermal Neutrons in $^{3}$He

CERN Document Server

Bystritsky, V M; Enik, T L; Filipowicz, M; Gerasimov, V V; Grebenyuk, V M; Kobzev, A P; Kublikov, R V; Nesvizhevsky, V V; Parzhitskii, S S; Pavlov, V N; Popov, N P; Salamatin, A V; Shvetsov, V N; Slepnev, V M; Strelkov, A V; Wozniak, J; Zamyatin, N I

2006-01-01

A project of an experiment on measurement of the cross sections of radiative thermal neutron capture by $^{3}$He nuclei with production of one and two $\\gamma $-quanta ($n_{\\rm th}+^{3}$He $\\to \\alpha + \\gamma $(2$\\gamma $)) is presented. The interest in studying the processes is dictated by the following factors: a possibility of obtaining information on parameters of the nucleon $N$-$N$ potential and structure of exchange meson currents; a possibility of verifying the model of the mechanism for nucleon capture by the nucleus $^{3}$He in the low-energy region; necessity to solve some questions existing in astrophysics. The experiment is planned to be carried out on the PF1B beam of ILL reactor (Grenoble). The target is a hollow cylinder of pure aluminium ($\\varnothing$140$\\times $80~mm) filled with $^{3}$He and $^{4}$He (background experiment) at the pressure 2~atm. Registration of the $\\gamma $-quanta is carried out by four BGO crystal ($\\varnothing$100$\\times $70~mm) detectors. According to the calculation...

Antiproton interaction with 4He as a test of GUT cosmology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chechetkin, V.M.; Khlopov, M.Yu.; Zeldovich, Ya.B.

1982-01-01

A new possibility of checking some GUT models is suggested, basing on the analysis of their cosmological consequences and the experimental study of the anti p 4 He interaction. The study of annihilation of antiprotons with 4 He may provide limits on the possible amount of antimatter in the early Universe, limits on the probability of formation of primordial black holes and restrictions on the GUT parameters determining the properties of domains of antimatter

Particle correlations in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagamiya, Sh.

1981-01-01

Particle correlations in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies of 1-2 GeV/nucleon are investigated. The problems of measurement of the mean free path lambda of protons inside the nucleus and the interaction radius of nucleus-nucleus collisions is considered. The value of lambda has been determined in two-proton coincidence experiment in proton-nucleus interaction at 800 MeV. The observed value of lambda is slightly longer than the expected from free nucleon-nucleon collisions. Some preliminary results on proton emission beyond free nucleon-nucleon kinemaics are given

Spinning superfluid 4He nanodroplets

Science.gov (United States)

Ancilotto, Francesco; Barranco, Manuel; Pi, Martí

2018-05-01

We have studied spinning superfluid 4He nanodroplets at zero temperature using density functional theory. Due to the irrotational character of the superfluid flow, the shapes of the spinning nanodroplets are very different from those of a viscous normal fluid drop in steady rotation. We show that when vortices are nucleated inside the superfluid droplets, their morphology, which evolves from axisymmetric oblate to triaxial prolate to two-lobed shapes, is in good agreement with experiments. The presence of vortex arrays confers to the superfluid droplets the rigid-body behavior of a normal fluid in steady rotation, and this is the ultimate reason for the surprising good agreement between recent experiments and the classical models used for their description.

D and $^{3}He$ production in $\\sqrt{s}$ = 130 GeV Au + Au collisions

CERN Document Server

Adler, C; Allgower, C; Amonett, J; Anderson, B D; Anderson, M; Averichev, G S; Balewski, J T; Barannikova, O Yu; Barnby, L S; Baudot, J; Bekele, S; Belaga, V V; Bellwied, R; Berger, J; Bichsel, H; Bland, L C; Blyth, C O; Bonner, B E; Boucham, A; Brandin, A B; Cadman, R V; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca-Sanchez, M; Cardenas, A; Carroll, J; Castillo, J; Castro, M; Cebra, D; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, M L; Chen, Y; Chernenko, S P; Cherney, M; Chikanian, A; Choi, B; Christie, W; Cormier, T M; Cramer, J G; Crawford, H J; De Mello, M; Deng, W S; Derevshchikov, A A; Didenko, L; Draper, J E; Dunin, V B; Dunlop, J C; Eckardt, V; Efimov, L G; Emelianov, V; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Erazmus, B; Fachini, P; Faine, V; Finch, E; Fisyak, Yu; Flierl, D; Foley, Kenneth J; Fu, J; Gagunashvili, N D; Gans, J; Gaudichet, L; Germain, M; Geurts, F J M; Ghazikhanian, V; Grabski, J; Grachov, O A; Greiner, D E; Grigoriev, V; Guedon, M; Guschin, E; Hallman, T J; Hardtke, D; Harris, J W; Heffner, M; Heppelmann, S; Herston, T; Hippolyte, B; Hirsch, A; Hjort, E; Hoffmann, G W; Horsley, M; Huang, H Z; Humanic, T J; Hümmler, H; Igo, G; Ishihara, A; Ivanshin, Yu I; Jacobs, P; Jacobs, W W; Janik, M; Johnson, I; Jones, P G; Judd, E; Kaneta, M; Kaplan, M; Keane, D; Kisiel, A; Klay, J L; Klein, S R; Klyachko, A A; Konstantinov, A S; Kotchenda, L; Kovalenko, A D; Krämer, M; Kravtsov, P; Krüger, K; Kuhn, C; Kulikov, A V; Kunde, G J; Kunz, C L; Kutuev, R K; Kuznetsov, A A; Lakehal-Ayat, L; Lamas-Valverde, J; Lamont, M A C; Landgraf, J M; Lange, S; Lansdell, C P; Lasiuk, B; Laue, F; Lebedev, A; LeCompte, T J; Lednicky, R; Leontiev, V M; Le Vine, M J; Li, Q; Lindenbaum, S J; Lisa, M A; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Lo Curto, G; Long, H; Longacre, R S; López-Noriega, M; Love, W A; Lynn, D; Majka, R; Margetis, S; Martin, L; Marx, J; Matis, H S; Matulenko, Yu A; McShane, T S; Meissner, F; Melnik, Yu M; Meshchanin, A P; Messer, M; Miller, M L; Milosevich, Z; Minaev, N G; Mitchell, J; Moiseenko, V A; Moltz, D; Moore, C F; Morozov, V; De Moura, M M; Munhoz, M G; Mutchler, G S; Nelson, J M; Nevski, P; Nikitin, V A; Nogach, L V; Norman, B; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina; Ogawa, A; Okorokov, V; Oldenburg, M; Oson, D; Paic, G; Pandey, S U; Panebratsev, Yu A; Panitkin, S Y; Pavlinov, A I; Pawlak, T; Perevozchikov, V; Peryt, W; Petrov, V A; Platner, E D; Pluta, J; Porile, N; Porter, J; Poskanzer, A M; Potrebenikova, E V; Prindle, D J; Pruneau, C A; Radomski, S; Rai, G; Ravel, O; Ray, R L; Razin, S V; Reichhold, D M; Reid, J G; Retière, F; Ridiger, A; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevski, O V; Romero, J L; Roy, C; Russ, D; Rykov, V L; Sakrejda, I; Sandweiss, J; Saulys, A C; Savin, I; Schambach, J; Scharenberg, R P; Schmitz, N; Schröder, L S; Schüttauf, A; Schweda, K; Seger, J E; Seliverstov, D M; Seyboth, P; Shahaliev, E; Shestermanov, K E; Shimansky, S S; Shvetcov, V S; Skoro, G P; Smirnov, N; Snellings, R; Sowinski, J; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; Stephenson, E J; Stock, Reinhard; Stolpovsky, A; Strikhanov, M N; Stringfellow, B C; Struck, C; Suaide, A A P; Sugarbaker, E R; Suire, C; Sumbera, M; Symons, T J M; Szanto de Toledo, A; Szarwas, P; Takahashi, J; Tang, A H; Thomas, J H; Tikhomirov, V; Trainor, T A; Trentalange, S; Tokarev, M; Tonjes, M B; Trofimov, V; Tsai, O; Turner, K; Ullrich, T S; Underwood, D G; Van Buren, G; Van der Molen, A; Vanyashin, A V; Vasilevski, I M; Vasilev, A N; Vigdor, S E; Voloshin, S A; Wang, F; Ward, H; Watson, J W; Wells, R; Wenaus, T J; Westfall, G D; Whitten, C; Wieman, H H; Willson, R; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Xu, N; Xu, Z; Yakutin, A E; Yamamoto, E; Yang, J; Yepes, P; Yokosawa, A; Yurevich, V I; Zanevsky, Yu V; Zborovský, I; Zhang, H; Zhang, W M; Zoulkarneev, R; Zubarev, A N; 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.262301

2001-01-01

The first measurements of light antinucleus production in Au + Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider are reported. The observed production rates for d and /sup 3/He are much larger than in lower energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. A coalescence model analysis of the yields indicates that there is little or no increase in the antinucleon freeze-out volume compared to collisions at CERN SPS energy. These analyses also indicate that the 3He freeze-out volume is smaller than the d freeze-out volume. (22 refs).

Development of a proof of concept low temperature 4He Superfluid Magnetic Pump

Science.gov (United States)

Jahromi, Amir E.; Miller, Franklin K.

2017-03-01

We describe the development and experimental results of a proof of concept Superfluid Magnetic Pump in this work. This novel low temperature, no moving part pump can replace the existing bellows-piston driven 4He or 3He-4He mixture compressor/circulators used in various sub Kelvin refrigeration systems such as dilution, Superfluid pulse tube, Stirling, or active magnetic regenerative refrigerators. Due to the superior thermal transport properties of sub-Lambda 4He this pump can also be used as a simple circulator to distribute cooling over large surface areas. Our pump was experimentally shown to produce a maximum flow rate of 440 mg/s (averaged over cycle), 665 mg/s (peak) and produced a maximum pressure difference of 2323 Pa using only the more common isotope of helium, 4He. This pump worked in an ;ideal; thermodynamic state: The experimental results matched with the theoretical values predicted by a computer model. Pump curves were developed to map the performance of this pump. This successful demonstration will enable this novel pump to be implemented in suitable sub Kelvin refrigeration systems.

Immunohistochemical localization of HE4 in benign, borderline, and malignant lesions of the ovary.

Science.gov (United States)

Georgakopoulos, Penelope; Mehmood, Saira; Akalin, Ali; Shroyer, Kenneth R

2012-11-01

Despite advances in the development of novel methods to improve treatment, ovarian carcinoma is still the leading cause of gynecologic cancer death in the United States and other industrialized nations. Improvements in the clinical outcome of ovarian cancer will be achieved if methods can be developed to enable the detection of these tumors at the earliest possible stage. Thus, it is critically important to identify and validate new biomarkers of ovarian cancer. HE4 expression was defined by immunohistochemical analysis of a wide range of benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian lesions, including serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and clear cell lesions of the ovary and in primary tubal carcinomas and the normal fallopian tube. At the cellular level, HE4 was highly expressed in malignant ovarian tumors and in a wide range of benign and borderline ovarian lesions. In addition, HE4 was highly expressed in primary fallopian tube carcinomas and benign fallopian tubal epithelial cells. These results support the conclusion that HE4 is widely expressed in most benign, borderline, and malignant lesions of the ovary and the fallopian tube. The detection of HE4 expression at high levels in some benign lesions and normal tissues suggests that HE4 could have limited specificity as a marker of ovarian or tubal carcinoma. Furthermore, the relatively weak expression that was observed in many ovarian carcinomas indicates that HE4 could fail to detect some cases of primary or recurrent disease.

Charge-symmetry-breaking effects from phase-shift analysis of elastic πsup(+-4)He scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khankhasayev, M.Kh.; Nichitiu, F.; Sapozhnikov, M.G.

1986-01-01

A phase-shift analysis of elastic πsup(+-4)He scattering at energies 20-160 MeV was performed to determine pure hadronic phase shifts. No statistically significant difference between the hadronic phase shifts deduced from π +4 He and π -4 He scattering was observed. (orig.)

Recent results on (anti)nucleus and (anti)hyperon production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at CERN SPS energies

CERN Document Server

Melkumov, G L; Anticic, T; Baatar, B; Barna, D; Bartke, J; Betev, L; Bialkowska, H; Blume, C; Boimska, B; Botje, M; Bracinik, J; Bramm, R; Buncic, P; Cerny, V; Christakoglou, P; Chung, P; Chvala, O; Cramer, J G; Csató, P; Dinkelaker, P; Eckardt, V; Flierl, D; Fodor, Z; Foka, P; Friese, V; Gál, J; Gazdzicki, M; Genchev, V; Georgopoulos, G; Grebieszkow, K; Hegyi, S; Höhne, C; Kadija, K; Karev, A; Kikola, D; Gladysz-Dziadus, E; Kliemant, M; Kniege, S; Kolesnikov, V I; Kornas, E; Korus, R; Kowalski, M; Kraus, I; Kreps, M; Laszlo, A; Lacey, R; Van Leeuwen, M; Lvai, P; Litov, L; Lungwitz, B; Makariev, M; Malakhov, A I; Mateev, M; Melkumov, G L; Mischke, A; Mitrovski, M; Molnár, J; Mrówczynski, S; Nicolic, V; Pálla, G; Panagiotou, A D; Panayotov, D; Petridis, A; Peryt, W; Pikna, M; Pluta, J; Prindle, D; Pühlhofer, F; Renfordt, R; Roland, C; Roland5, G; Rybczynski, M; Rybicki, A; Sandoval, A; Schmitz, N; Schuster, T; Siklér, F; Sitár, B; Skrzypczak, E; Slodkowski, M; Stefanek, G; Stock, R; Seyboth, P; Strabel, C; Ströbele, H; Susa, T; Szentpetery, I; Sziklai, J; Szuba, M; Szymanski, P; Trubnikov, V; Varga, D; Vassiliou, M; Veres, G I; Vesztergombi, G; Vranic, D; Wlodarczyk, Z; Wojtaszek11, A; Yoo, I K; Zimnyi, J; Wetzler, A

2007-01-01

The NA49 experiment has collected comprehensive data on particle production in nucleus-nucleus collisions over the whole SPS beam energies range, the critical energy domain where the expected phase transition to a deconfined phase is expected to occur. The latest results from Pb+Pb collisions between 20$A$ GeV and 158$A$ GeV on baryon stopping and light nuclei production as well as those for strange hyperons are presented. The measured data on $p$, $\\bar{p}$, $\\Lambda$, $\\bar{\\Lambda}$, $\\Xi^-$ and $\\bar{\\Xi}^+$ production were used to evaluate the rapidity distributions of net-baryons at SPS energies and to compare with the results from the AGS and the RHIC for central Pb+Pb (Au+Au) collisions. The dependence of the yield ratios and the inverse slope parameter of the $m_t$ spectra on the collision energy and centrality, and the mass number of the produced nuclei $^3He$, $t$, $d$ and $\\bar{d}$ are discussed within coalescence and statistical approaches. Analysis of the total multiplicity exhibits remarkable a...

Effective mass trigger at the Brookhaven Multi-Particle Spectrometer (MPS)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Willen, E.H.

1980-01-01

An effective mass trigger for use at the Brookhaven Multiparticle Spectrometer (MPS) is described. It is a microprocessor based device using extensive fast memory attached to proportional wire chambers in the MPS magnetic field. It will select kinematic quantities unique to the reaction being studied, thereby permitting higher sensitivities and a reduction in data-processing cost for MPS experiments. The principles of operation for this trigger, and the results of simulations to assess its performance, are presented

Using the surface tension to estimate the condensate density of superfluid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campbell, L.J.

1983-01-01

Distortion of the condensate wavefunction at the free surface of superfluid 4 He contributes to the surface tension in proportion to the condensate fraction n 0 (T). Using this to resolve the present discrepancy between the measured and predicted temperature dependencies of the surface tension gives n 0 (T) in good agreement with results from neutron and x-ray scattering measurements. This picture is also consistent with the measured 3 He- 4 He interfacial tension

Clinical importance of serum HE4 and MMP2 levels in endometrial cancer patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cymbaluk-Ploska A

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska,1 Anita Chudecka-Głaz,1 Ewa Pius-Sadowska,2 Agnieszka Sompolska-Rzechuła,3 Bogusław Machaliński,2 Anna Surowiec,1 Janusz Menkiszak1 1Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, 2Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 3Department of Statistics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Introduction: Endometrial cancer is the one of the most common cancers of the genital organ. HE4 and MMP2 are both proteins whose serum levels increase in endometrial cancer.Aim: To explore the diagnostic potential of the serum levels of HE4 and MMP2 in patients with endometrial cancer and benign endometrial diseases. To assess the relationship between the serum levels of HE4 and MMP2 and the typical prognostic factors in patients with endometrial cancer.Materials and methods: Included in the study was a group of 112 patients presenting with bleeding abnormalities at the Pomeranian Medical University in years 2012–2016. Serum HE4 concentrations were measured using the Elecsys Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA. MMP2 concentrations were quantified in the serum using multiplex immunoassays.Results: We observed statistically significant differences in mean serum levels of HE4 and MMP2 between the group of endometrial cancer patients and the group of patients with no changes in the endometrium (P=0.002/0.003. The diagnostic potential of HE4 and MMP2 in differentiation of high (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] III and IV vs low (FIGO I and II clinical stage of tumor and prediction of cellular differentiation grade (G1 vs G3 on the basis of the analysis of the area under the curve is, respectively, 0.86 and 0.82 for HE4 and 0.82 and 0.74 for MMP2. The HE4 marker was significantly more specific than MMP2 in every study group and amounted to 93% vs 86% in all patients included in the analysis, 94% vs 84% in pre

Hadronic processes with large transfer momenta and quark counting rules in multiparticle dual amplitude

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akkelin, S.V.; Kobylinskij, N.A.; Martynov, E.S.

1989-01-01

A dual N-particle amplitude satisfying the quark counting rules for the processes with large transfer momenta is constructed. The multiparticle channels are shown to give an essential contribution to the amplitude decreasing power in a hard kinematic limit. 19 refs.; 9 figs

Bose condensation in 4He and neutron scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silver, R.N.

1997-01-01

The discovery of superfluidity in liquid 4 He below T λ = 2.17 K, and its phenomenological characterization since then, has been one of the great success stories of condensed matter physics. The relation of superfluidity to the behavior of atoms was conjectured by F. London in 1938. Superfluidity is a manifestation of the Bose condensation of helium atoms, the extensive occupation of the zero momentum state. Ever since 4 He has been the paradigm in the search for Bose condensates in other systems. At the Pune meeting scientists have heard exciting new evidence for Bose condensates of laser cooled alkali atoms in magnetic traps, of excitons in Cu 2 O, and possibly pre-formed Cooper pairs of electrons in the high T c perovskite superconductors. There remains the holy-grail of forming a Bose condensate in spin-polarized hydrogen. In the current excitement for new types of Bose condensates, and new phenomena such as atom lasers, it may be useful to recall the older story of the experimental verification of a relation between superfluidity and Bose condensation in 4 He. This topic has been investigated over many years by neutron scattering experiments and quantum many-body theory. The authors goal is to illustrate the difficulties of establishing the existence of a Bose condensate in a strongly interacting system, even though its macroscopic effects are manifest. The author assumes readers have access to a review by Silver and Sokol which emphasizes the neutron scattering theory through 1990 and a review by Snow and Sokol of the deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS) experiments through 1995

Measurement of multi-particle azimuthal correlations in $pp$, $p$+Pb and low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

CERN Document Server

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Gaudio, Gabriella; Gavrilenko, Igor; Gay, Colin; Gaycken, Goetz; Gazis, Evangelos; Gee, Norman; Geisen, Jannik; Geisen, Marc; Geisler, Manuel Patrice; Gellerstedt, Karl; Gemme, Claudia; Genest, Marie-Hélène; Geng, Cong; Gentile, Simonetta; Gentsos, Christos; George, Simon; Gerbaudo, Davide; Gershon, Avi; Ghasemi, Sara; Ghneimat, Mazuza; Giacobbe, Benedetto; Giagu, Stefano; Giannetti, Paola; Gibson, Stephen; Gignac, Matthew; Gilchriese, Murdock; Gillberg, Dag; Gilles, Geoffrey; Gingrich, Douglas; Giokaris, Nikos; Giordani, MarioPaolo; Giorgi, Filippo Maria; Giraud, Pierre-Francois; Giromini, Paolo; Giugni, Danilo; Giuli, Francesco; Giuliani, Claudia; Giulini, Maddalena; Gjelsten, Børge Kile; Gkaitatzis, Stamatios; Gkialas, Ioannis; Gkougkousis, Evangelos Leonidas; Gladilin, Leonid; Glasman, Claudia; Glatzer, Julian; Glaysher, Paul; Glazov, Alexandre; Goblirsch-Kolb, Maximilian; Godlewski, Jan; Goldfarb, Steven; Golling, Tobias; Golubkov, Dmitry; Gomes, Agostinho; Gonçalo, Ricardo; Goncalves Gama, Rafael; Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa, Joao; Gonella, Giulia; Gonella, Laura; Gongadze, Alexi; González de la Hoz, Santiago; Gonzalez-Sevilla, Sergio; Goossens, Luc; Gorbounov, Petr Andreevich; Gordon, Howard; Gorelov, Igor; Gorini, Benedetto; Gorini, Edoardo; Gorišek, Andrej; Goshaw, Alfred; Gössling, Claus; Gostkin, Mikhail Ivanovitch; Goudet, Christophe Raymond; Goujdami, Driss; Goussiou, Anna; Govender, Nicolin; Gozani, Eitan; Graber, Lars; Grabowska-Bold, Iwona; Gradin, Per Olov Joakim; Gramling, Johanna; Gramstad, Eirik; Grancagnolo, Sergio; Gratchev, Vadim; Gravila, Paul Mircea; Gray, Chloe; Gray, Heather; Greenwood, Zeno Dixon; Grefe, Christian; Gregersen, Kristian; Gregor, Ingrid-Maria; Grenier, Philippe; Grevtsov, Kirill; Griffiths, Justin; Grillo, Alexander; Grimm, Kathryn; Grinstein, Sebastian; Gris, Philippe Luc Yves; Grivaz, Jean-Francois; Groh, Sabrina; Gross, Eilam; Grosse-Knetter, Joern; Grossi, Giulio Cornelio; Grout, Zara Jane; Grummer, Aidan; Guan, Liang; Guan, Wen; Guenther, Jaroslav; Guescini, Francesco; Guest, Daniel; Gueta, Orel; Gui, Bin; Guido, Elisa; Guillemin, Thibault; Guindon, Stefan; Gul, Umar; Gumpert, Christian; Guo, Jun; Guo, Wen; Guo, Yicheng; Gupta, Ruchi; Gupta, Shaun; Gustavino, Giuliano; Gutierrez, Phillip; Gutierrez Ortiz, Nicolas Gilberto; Gutschow, Christian; Guyot, Claude; Guzik, Marcin Pawel; Gwenlan, Claire; Gwilliam, Carl; Haas, Andy; Haber, Carl; Hadavand, Haleh Khani; Haddad, Nacim; Hadef, Asma; Hageböck, Stephan; Hagihara, Mutsuto; Hakobyan, Hrachya; Haleem, Mahsana; Haley, Joseph; Halladjian, Garabed; Hallewell, Gregory David; Hamacher, Klaus; Hamal, Petr; Hamano, Kenji; Hamilton, Andrew; Hamity, Guillermo Nicolas; Hamnett, Phillip George; Han, Liang; Han, Shuo; Hanagaki, Kazunori; Hanawa, Keita; Hance, Michael; Haney, Bijan; Hanke, Paul; Hansen, Jørgen Beck; Hansen, Jorn Dines; Hansen, Maike Christina; Hansen, Peter Henrik; Hara, Kazuhiko; Hard, Andrew; Harenberg, Torsten; Hariri, Faten; Harkusha, Siarhei; Harrington, Robert; Harrison, Paul Fraser; Hartmann, Nikolai Marcel; Hasegawa, Makoto; Hasegawa, Yoji; Hasib, Ahmed; Hassani, Samira; Haug, Sigve; Hauser, Reiner; Hauswald, Lorenz; Havener, Laura Brittany; Havranek, Miroslav; Hawkes, Christopher; Hawkings, Richard John; Hayakawa, Daiki; Hayden, Daniel; Hays, Chris; Hays, Jonathan Michael; Hayward, Helen; Haywood, Stephen; Head, Simon; Heck, Tobias; Hedberg, Vincent; Heelan, Louise; Heidegger, Kim Katrin; Heim, Sarah; Heim, Timon; Heinemann, Beate; Heinrich, Jochen Jens; Heinrich, Lukas; Heinz, Christian; Hejbal, Jiri; Helary, Louis; Held, Alexander; Hellman, Sten; Helsens, Clement; Henderson, Robert; Heng, Yang; Henkelmann, Steffen; Henriques Correia, Ana Maria; Henrot-Versille, Sophie; Herbert, Geoffrey Henry; Herde, Hannah; Herget, Verena; Hernández Jiménez, Yesenia; Herten, Gregor; Hertenberger, Ralf; Hervas, Luis; Herwig, Theodor Christian; Hesketh, Gavin Grant; Hessey, Nigel; Hetherly, Jeffrey Wayne; Higashino, Satoshi; Higón-Rodriguez, Emilio; Hill, Ewan; Hill, John; Hiller, Karl Heinz; Hillier, Stephen; Hinchliffe, Ian; Hirose, Minoru; Hirschbuehl, Dominic; Hiti, Bojan; Hladik, Ondrej; Hoad, Xanthe; Hobbs, John; Hod, Noam; Hodgkinson, Mark; Hodgson, Paul; Hoecker, Andreas; Hoeferkamp, Martin; Hoenig, Friedrich; Hohn, David; Holmes, Tova Ray; Homann, Michael; Honda, Shunsuke; Honda, Takuya; Hong, Tae Min; Hooberman, Benjamin Henry; Hopkins, Walter; Horii, Yasuyuki; Horton, Arthur James; Hostachy, Jean-Yves; Hou, Suen; Hoummada, Abdeslam; Howarth, James; Hoya, Joaquin; Hrabovsky, Miroslav; Hristova, Ivana; Hrivnac, Julius; Hryn'ova, Tetiana; Hrynevich, Aliaksei; Hsu, Pai-hsien Jennifer; Hsu, Shih-Chieh; Hu, Qipeng; Hu, Shuyang; Huang, Yanping; Hubacek, Zdenek; Hubaut, Fabrice; Huegging, Fabian; Huffman, Todd Brian; Hughes, Emlyn; Hughes, Gareth; Huhtinen, Mika; Huo, Peng; Huseynov, Nazim; Huston, Joey; Huth, John; Iacobucci, Giuseppe; Iakovidis, Georgios; Ibragimov, Iskander; Iconomidou-Fayard, Lydia; Idrissi, Zineb; Iengo, Paolo; Igonkina, Olga; Iizawa, Tomoya; Ikegami, Yoichi; Ikeno, Masahiro; Ilchenko, Yuriy; Iliadis, Dimitrios; Ilic, Nikolina; Introzzi, Gianluca; Ioannou, Pavlos; Iodice, Mauro; Iordanidou, Kalliopi; Ippolito, Valerio; Isacson, Max Fredrik; Ishijima, Naoki; Ishino, Masaya; Ishitsuka, Masaki; Issever, Cigdem; Istin, Serhat; Ito, Fumiaki; Iturbe Ponce, Julia Mariana; Iuppa, Roberto; Iwasaki, Hiroyuki; Izen, Joseph; Izzo, Vincenzo; Jabbar, Samina; Jackson, Paul; Jacobs, Ruth Magdalena; Jain, Vivek; Jakobi, Katharina Bianca; Jakobs, Karl; Jakobsen, Sune; Jakoubek, Tomas; Jamin, David Olivier; Jana, Dilip; Jansky, Roland; Janssen, Jens; Janus, Michel; Janus, Piotr Andrzej; Jarlskog, Göran; Javadov, Namig; Javůrek, Tomáš; Javurkova, Martina; Jeanneau, Fabien; Jeanty, Laura; Jejelava, Juansher; Jelinskas, Adomas; Jenni, Peter; Jeske, Carl; Jézéquel, Stéphane; Ji, Haoshuang; Jia, Jiangyong; Jiang, Hai; Jiang, Yi; Jiang, Zihao; Jiggins, Stephen; Jimenez Pena, Javier; Jin, Shan; Jinaru, Adam; Jinnouchi, Osamu; Jivan, Harshna; Johansson, Per; Johns, Kenneth; Johnson, Christian; Johnson, William Joseph; Jon-And, Kerstin; Jones, Roger; Jones, Samuel David; Jones, Sarah; Jones, Tim; Jongmanns, Jan; Jorge, Pedro; Jovicevic, Jelena; Ju, Xiangyang; Juste Rozas, Aurelio; Köhler, Markus Konrad; Kaczmarska, Anna; Kado, Marumi; Kagan, Harris; Kagan, Michael; Kahn, Sebastien Jonathan; Kaji, Toshiaki; Kajomovitz, Enrique; Kalderon, Charles William; Kaluza, Adam; Kama, Sami; Kamenshchikov, Andrey; Kanaya, Naoko; Kanjir, Luka; Kantserov, Vadim; Kanzaki, Junichi; Kaplan, Benjamin; Kaplan, Laser Seymour; Kar, Deepak; Karakostas, Konstantinos; Karastathis, Nikolaos; Kareem, Mohammad Jawad; Karentzos, Efstathios; Karpov, Sergey; Karpova, Zoya; Karthik, Krishnaiyengar; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang; Karyukhin, Andrey; Kasahara, Kota; Kashif, Lashkar; Kass, Richard; Kastanas, Alex; Kataoka, Yousuke; Kato, Chikuma; Katre, Akshay; Katzy, Judith; Kawade, Kentaro; Kawagoe, Kiyotomo; Kawamoto, Tatsuo; Kawamura, Gen; Kay, Ellis; Kazanin, Vassili; Keeler, Richard; Kehoe, Robert; Keller, John; Kempster, Jacob Julian; Keoshkerian, Houry; Kepka, Oldrich; Kerševan, Borut Paul; Kersten, Susanne; Keyes, Robert; Khader, Mazin; Khalil-zada, Farkhad; Khanov, Alexander; Kharlamov, Alexey; Kharlamova, Tatyana; Khodinov, Alexander; Khoo, Teng Jian; Khovanskiy, Valery; Khramov, Evgeniy; Khubua, Jemal; Kido, Shogo; Kilby, Callum; Kim, Hee Yeun; Kim, Shinhong; Kim, Young-Kee; Kimura, Naoki; Kind, Oliver Maria; King, Barry; Kirchmeier, David; Kirk, Julie; Kiryunin, Andrey; Kishimoto, Tomoe; Kisielewska, Danuta; Kiuchi, Kenji; Kivernyk, Oleh; Kladiva, Eduard; Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, Thorwald; Klein, Matthew Henry; Klein, Max; Klein, Uta; Kleinknecht, Konrad; Klimek, Pawel; Klimentov, Alexei; Klingenberg, Reiner; Klingl, Tobias; Klioutchnikova, Tatiana; Kluge, Eike-Erik; Kluit, Peter; Kluth, Stefan; Knapik, Joanna; Kneringer, Emmerich; Knoops, Edith; Knue, Andrea; Kobayashi, Aine; Kobayashi, Dai; Kobayashi, Tomio; Kobel, Michael; Kocian, Martin; Kodys, Peter; Koffas, Thomas; Koffeman, Els; Köhler, Nicolas Maximilian; Koi, Tatsumi; Kolb, Mathis; Koletsou, Iro; Komar, Aston; Komori, Yuto; Kondo, Takahiko; Kondrashova, Nataliia; Köneke, Karsten; König, Adriaan; Kono, Takanori; Konoplich, Rostislav; Konstantinidis, Nikolaos; Kopeliansky, Revital; Koperny, Stefan; Kopp, Anna Katharina; Korcyl, Krzysztof; Kordas, Kostantinos; Korn, Andreas; Korol, Aleksandr; Korolkov, Ilya; Korolkova, Elena; Kortner, Oliver; Kortner, Sandra; Kosek, Tomas; Kostyukhin, Vadim; Kotwal, Ashutosh; Koulouris, Aimilianos; Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, Athina; Kourkoumelis, Christine; Kourlitis, Evangelos; Kouskoura, Vasiliki; Kowalewska, Anna Bozena; Kowalewski, Robert Victor; Kowalski, Tadeusz; Kozakai, Chihiro; Kozanecki, Witold; Kozhin, Anatoly; Kramarenko, Viktor; Kramberger, Gregor; Krasnopevtsev, Dimitrii; Krasny, Mieczyslaw Witold; Krasznahorkay, Attila; Krauss, Dominik; Kremer, Jakub Andrzej; Kretzschmar, Jan; Kreutzfeldt, Kristof; Krieger, Peter; Krizka, Karol; Kroeninger, Kevin; Kroha, Hubert; Kroll, Jiri; Kroll, Joe; Kroseberg, Juergen; Krstic, Jelena; Kruchonak, Uladzimir; Krüger, Hans; Krumnack, Nils; Kruse, Mark; Kubota, Takashi; Kucuk, Hilal; Kuday, Sinan; Kuechler, Jan Thomas; Kuehn, Susanne; Kugel, Andreas; Kuger, Fabian; Kuhl, Thorsten; Kukhtin, Victor; Kukla, Romain; Kulchitsky, Yuri; Kuleshov, Sergey; Kulinich, Yakov Petrovich; Kuna, Marine; Kunigo, Takuto; Kupco, Alexander; Kuprash, Oleg; Kurashige, Hisaya; Kurchaninov, Leonid; Kurochkin, Yurii; Kurth, Matthew Glenn; Kus, Vlastimil; Kuwertz, Emma Sian; Kuze, Masahiro; Kvita, Jiri; Kwan, Tony; Kyriazopoulos, Dimitrios; La Rosa, Alessandro; La Rosa Navarro, Jose Luis; La Rotonda, Laura; Lacasta, Carlos; Lacava, Francesco; Lacey, James; Lacker, Heiko; Lacour, Didier; Ladygin, Evgueni; Lafaye, Remi; Laforge, Bertrand; Lagouri, Theodota; Lai, Stanley; Lammers, Sabine; Lampl, Walter; Lançon, Eric; Landgraf, Ulrich; Landon, Murrough; Lanfermann, Marie Christine; Lang, Valerie Susanne; Lange, J örn Christian; Lankford, Andrew; Lanni, Francesco; Lantzsch, Kerstin; Lanza, Agostino; Lapertosa, Alessandro; Laplace, Sandrine; Laporte, Jean-Francois; Lari, Tommaso; Lasagni Manghi, Federico; Lassnig, Mario; Laurelli, Paolo; Lavrijsen, Wim; Law, Alexander; Laycock, Paul; Lazovich, Tomo; Lazzaroni, Massimo; Le, Brian; Le Dortz, Olivier; Le Guirriec, Emmanuel; Le Quilleuc, Eloi; LeBlanc, Matthew Edgar; LeCompte, Thomas; Ledroit-Guillon, Fabienne; Lee, Claire Alexandra; Lee, Graham Richard; Lee, Shih-Chang; Lee, Lawrence; Lefebvre, Benoit; Lefebvre, Guillaume; Lefebvre, Michel; Legger, Federica; Leggett, Charles; Lehan, Allan; Lehmann Miotto, Giovanna; Lei, Xiaowen; Leight, William Axel; Leite, Marco Aurelio Lisboa; Leitner, Rupert; Lellouch, Daniel; Lemmer, Boris; Leney, Katharine; Lenz, Tatjana; Lenzi, Bruno; Leone, Robert; Leone, Sandra; Leonidopoulos, Christos; Lerner, Giuseppe; Leroy, Claude; Lesage, Arthur; Lester, Christopher; Levchenko, Mikhail; Levêque, Jessica; Levin, Daniel; Levinson, Lorne; Levy, Mark; Lewis, Dave; Li, Bing; Li, Changqiao; Li, Haifeng; Li, Liang; Li, Qi; Li, Shu; Li, Xingguo; Li, Yichen; Liang, Zhijun; Liberti, Barbara; Liblong, Aaron; Lie, Ki; Liebal, Jessica; Liebig, Wolfgang; Limosani, Antonio; Lin, Simon; Lin, Tai-Hua; Lindquist, Brian Edward; Lionti, Anthony Eric; Lipeles, Elliot; Lipniacka, Anna; Lisovyi, Mykhailo; Liss, Tony; Lister, Alison; Litke, Alan; Liu, Bo; Liu, Hao; Liu, Hongbin; Liu, Jesse Kar Kee; Liu, Jian; Liu, Jianbei; Liu, Kun; Liu, Lulu; Liu, Minghui; Liu, Yanlin; Liu, Yanwen; Livan, Michele; Lleres, Annick; Llorente Merino, Javier; Lloyd, Stephen; Lo, Cheuk Yee; Lo Sterzo, Francesco; Lobodzinska, Ewelina Maria; Loch, Peter; Loebinger, Fred; Loew, Kevin Michael; Loginov, Andrey; Lohse, Thomas; Lohwasser, Kristin; Lokajicek, Milos; Long, Brian Alexander; Long, Jonathan David; Long, Robin Eamonn; Longo, Luigi; Looper, Kristina Anne; Lopez, Jorge; Lopez Mateos, David; Lopez Paz, Ivan; Lopez Solis, Alvaro; Lorenz, Jeanette; Lorenzo Martinez, Narei; Losada, Marta; Lösel, Philipp Jonathan; Lou, XinChou; Lounis, Abdenour; Love, Jeremy; Love, Peter; Lu, Haonan; Lu, Nan; Lu, Yun-Ju; Lubatti, Henry; Luci, Claudio; Lucotte, Arnaud; Luedtke, Christian; Luehring, Frederick; Lukas, Wolfgang; Luminari, Lamberto; Lundberg, Olof; Lund-Jensen, Bengt; Luzi, Pierre Marc; Lynn, David; Lysak, Roman; Lytken, Else; Lyubushkin, Vladimir; Ma, Hong; Ma, Lian Liang; Ma, Yanhui; Maccarrone, Giovanni; Macchiolo, Anna; Macdonald, Calum Michael; Maček, Boštjan; Machado Miguens, Joana; Madaffari, Daniele; Madar, Romain; Maddocks, Harvey Jonathan; Mader, Wolfgang; Madsen, Alexander; Maeda, Junpei; Maeland, Steffen; Maeno, Tadashi; Maevskiy, Artem; Magradze, Erekle; Mahlstedt, Joern; Maiani, Camilla; Maidantchik, Carmen; Maier, Andreas Alexander; Maier, Thomas; Maio, Amélia; Majewski, Stephanie; Makida, Yasuhiro; Makovec, Nikola; Malaescu, Bogdan; Malecki, Pawel; Maleev, Victor; Malek, Fairouz; Mallik, Usha; Malon, David; Malone, Claire; Maltezos, Stavros; Malyukov, Sergei; Mamuzic, Judita; Mancini, Giada; Mandelli, Luciano; Mandić, Igor; Maneira, José; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, Luciano; Manjarres Ramos, Joany; Mann, Alexander; Manousos, Athanasios; Mansoulie, Bruno; Mansour, Jason Dhia; Mantifel, Rodger; Mantoani, Matteo; Manzoni, Stefano; Mapelli, Livio; Marceca, Gino; March, Luis; Marchese, Luigi; Marchiori, Giovanni; Marcisovsky, Michal; Marjanovic, Marija; Marley, Daniel; Marroquim, Fernando; Marsden, Stephen Philip; Marshall, Zach; Martensson, Mikael; Marti-Garcia, Salvador; Martin, Christopher Blake; Martin, Tim; Martin, Victoria Jane; Martin dit Latour, Bertrand; Martinez, Mario; Martinez Outschoorn, Verena; Martin-Haugh, Stewart; Martoiu, Victor Sorin; Martyniuk, Alex; Marzin, Antoine; Masetti, Lucia; Mashimo, Tetsuro; Mashinistov, Ruslan; Masik, Jiri; Maslennikov, Alexey; Massa, Lorenzo; Mastrandrea, Paolo; Mastroberardino, Anna; Masubuchi, Tatsuya; Mättig, Peter; Maurer, Julien; Maxfield, Stephen; Maximov, Dmitriy; Mazini, Rachid; Maznas, Ioannis; Mazza, Simone Michele; Mc Fadden, Neil Christopher; Mc Goldrick, Garrin; Mc Kee, Shawn Patrick; McCarn, Allison; McCarthy, Robert; McCarthy, Tom; McClymont, Laurie; McDonald, Emily; Mcfayden, Josh; Mchedlidze, Gvantsa; McMahon, Steve; McNamara, Peter Charles; McPherson, Robert; Meehan, Samuel; Megy, Theo Jean; Mehlhase, Sascha; Mehta, Andrew; Meideck, Thomas; Meier, Karlheinz; Meirose, Bernhard; Melini, Davide; Mellado Garcia, Bruce Rafael; Mellenthin, Johannes Donatus; Melo, Matej; Meloni, Federico; Menary, Stephen Burns; Meng, Lingxin; Meng, Xiangting; Mengarelli, Alberto; Menke, Sven; Meoni, Evelin; Mergelmeyer, Sebastian; Mermod, Philippe; Merola, Leonardo; Meroni, Chiara; Merritt, Frank; Messina, Andrea; Metcalfe, Jessica; Mete, Alaettin Serhan; Meyer, Christopher; Meyer, Jean-Pierre; Meyer, Jochen; Meyer Zu Theenhausen, Hanno; Miano, Fabrizio; Middleton, Robin; Miglioranzi, Silvia; Mijović, Liza; Mikenberg, Giora; Mikestikova, Marcela; Mikuž, Marko; Milesi, Marco; Milic, Adriana; Miller, David; Mills, Corrinne; Milov, Alexander; Milstead, David; Minaenko, Andrey; Minami, Yuto; Minashvili, Irakli; Mincer, Allen; Mindur, Bartosz; Mineev, Mikhail; Minegishi, Yuji; Ming, Yao; Mir, Lluisa-Maria; Mistry, Khilesh; Mitani, Takashi; Mitrevski, Jovan; Mitsou, Vasiliki A; Miucci, Antonio; Miyagawa, Paul; Mizukami, Atsushi; Mjörnmark, Jan-Ulf; Mkrtchyan, Tigran; Mlynarikova, Michaela; Moa, Torbjoern; Mochizuki, Kazuya; Mogg, Philipp; Mohapatra, Soumya; Molander, Simon; Moles-Valls, Regina; Monden, Ryutaro; Mondragon, Matthew Craig; Mönig, Klaus; Monk, James; Monnier, Emmanuel; Montalbano, Alyssa; Montejo Berlingen, Javier; Monticelli, Fernando; Monzani, Simone; Moore, Roger; Morange, Nicolas; Moreno, Deywis; Moreno Llácer, María; Morettini, Paolo; Morgenstern, Stefanie; Mori, Daniel; Mori, Tatsuya; Morii, Masahiro; Morinaga, Masahiro; Morisbak, Vanja; Morley, Anthony Keith; Mornacchi, Giuseppe; Morris, John; Morvaj, Ljiljana; Moschovakos, Paris; Mosidze, Maia; Moss, Harry James; Moss, Josh; Motohashi, Kazuki; Mount, Richard; Mountricha, Eleni; Moyse, Edward; Muanza, Steve; Mudd, Richard; Mueller, Felix; Mueller, James; Mueller, Ralph Soeren Peter; Muenstermann, Daniel; Mullen, Paul; Mullier, Geoffrey; Munoz Sanchez, Francisca Javiela; Murray, Bill; Musheghyan, Haykuhi; Muškinja, Miha; Myagkov, Alexey; Myska, Miroslav; Nachman, Benjamin Philip; Nackenhorst, Olaf; Nagai, Koichi; Nagai, Ryo; Nagano, Kunihiro; Nagasaka, Yasushi; Nagata, Kazuki; Nagel, Martin; Nagy, Elemer; Nairz, Armin Michael; Nakahama, Yu; Nakamura, Koji; Nakamura, Tomoaki; Nakano, Itsuo; Naranjo Garcia, Roger Felipe; Narayan, Rohin; Narrias Villar, Daniel Isaac; Naryshkin, Iouri; Naumann, Thomas; Navarro, Gabriela; Nayyar, Ruchika; Neal, Homer; Nechaeva, Polina; Neep, Thomas James; Negri, Andrea; Negrini, Matteo; Nektarijevic, Snezana; Nellist, Clara; Nelson, Andrew; Nelson, Michael Edward; Nemecek, Stanislav; Nemethy, Peter; Nessi, Marzio; Neubauer, Mark; Neumann, Manuel; Newman, Paul; Ng, Tsz Yu; Nguyen Manh, Tuan; Nickerson, Richard; Nicolaidou, Rosy; Nielsen, Jason; Nikolaenko, Vladimir; Nikolic-Audit, Irena; Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos; Nilsen, Jon Kerr; Nilsson, Paul; Ninomiya, Yoichi; Nisati, Aleandro; Nishu, Nishu; Nisius, Richard; Nobe, Takuya; Noguchi, Yohei; Nomachi, Masaharu; Nomidis, Ioannis; Nomura, Marcelo Ayumu; Nooney, Tamsin; Nordberg, Markus; Norjoharuddeen, Nurfikri; Novgorodova, Olga; Nowak, Sebastian; Nozaki, Mitsuaki; Nozka, Libor; Ntekas, Konstantinos; Nurse, Emily; Nuti, Francesco; O'connor, Kelsey; O'Neil, Dugan; O'Rourke, Abigail Alexandra; O'Shea, Val; Oakham, Gerald; Oberlack, Horst; Obermann, Theresa; Ocariz, Jose; Ochi, Atsuhiko; Ochoa, Ines; Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro; Oda, Susumu; Odaka, Shigeru; Ogren, Harold; Oh, Alexander; Oh, Seog; Ohm, Christian; Ohman, Henrik; Oide, Hideyuki; Okawa, Hideki; Okumura, Yasuyuki; Okuyama, Toyonobu; Olariu, Albert; Oleiro Seabra, Luis Filipe; Olivares Pino, Sebastian Andres; Oliveira Damazio, Denis; Olszewski, Andrzej; Olszowska, Jolanta; Onofre, António; Onogi, Kouta; Onyisi, Peter; Oreglia, Mark; Oren, Yona; Orestano, Domizia; Orlando, Nicola; Orr, Robert; Osculati, Bianca; Ospanov, Rustem; Otero y Garzon, Gustavo; Otono, Hidetoshi; Ouchrif, Mohamed; Ould-Saada, Farid; Ouraou, Ahmimed; Oussoren, Koen Pieter; Ouyang, Qun; Owen, Mark; Owen, Rhys Edward; Ozcan, Veysi Erkcan; Ozturk, Nurcan; Pachal, Katherine; Pacheco Pages, Andres; Pacheco Rodriguez, Laura; Padilla Aranda, Cristobal; Pagan Griso, Simone; Paganini, Michela; Paige, Frank; Palacino, Gabriel; Palazzo, Serena; Palestini, Sandro; Palka, Marek; Pallin, Dominique; Panagiotopoulou, Evgenia; Panagoulias, Ilias; Pandini, Carlo Enrico; Panduro Vazquez, William; Pani, Priscilla; Panitkin, Sergey; Pantea, Dan; Paolozzi, Lorenzo; Papadopoulou, Theodora; Papageorgiou, Konstantinos; Paramonov, Alexander; Paredes Hernandez, Daniela; Parker, Adam Jackson; Parker, Michael Andrew; Parker, Kerry Ann; Parodi, Fabrizio; Parsons, John; Parzefall, Ulrich; Pascuzzi, Vincent; Pasner, Jacob Martin; Pasqualucci, Enrico; Passaggio, Stefano; Pastore, Francesca; Pataraia, Sophio; Pater, Joleen; Pauly, Thilo; Pearson, Benjamin; Pedraza Lopez, Sebastian; Pedro, Rute; Peleganchuk, Sergey; Penc, Ondrej; Peng, Cong; Peng, Haiping; Penwell, John; Peralva, Bernardo; Perego, Marta Maria; Perepelitsa, Dennis; Perini, Laura; Pernegger, Heinz; Perrella, Sabrina; Peschke, Richard; Peshekhonov, Vladimir; Peters, Krisztian; Peters, Yvonne; Petersen, Brian; Petersen, Troels; Petit, Elisabeth; Petridis, Andreas; Petridou, Chariclia; Petroff, Pierre; Petrolo, Emilio; Petrov, Mariyan; Petrucci, Fabrizio; Pettersson, Nora Emilia; Peyaud, Alan; Pezoa, Raquel; Phillips, Forrest Hays; Phillips, Peter William; Piacquadio, Giacinto; Pianori, Elisabetta; Picazio, Attilio; Piccaro, Elisa; Pickering, Mark Andrew; Piegaia, Ricardo; Pilcher, James; Pilkington, Andrew; Pin, Arnaud Willy J; Pinamonti, Michele; Pinfold, James; Pirumov, Hayk; Pitt, Michael; Plazak, Lukas; Pleier, Marc-Andre; Pleskot, Vojtech; Plotnikova, Elena; Pluth, Daniel; Podberezko, Pavel; Poettgen, Ruth; Poggi, Riccardo; Poggioli, Luc; Pohl, David-leon; Polesello, Giacomo; Poley, Anne-luise; Policicchio, Antonio; Polifka, Richard; Polini, Alessandro; Pollard, Christopher Samuel; Polychronakos, Venetios; Pommès, Kathy; Ponomarenko, Daniil; Pontecorvo, Ludovico; Pope, Bernard; Popeneciu, Gabriel Alexandru; Poppleton, Alan; Pospisil, Stanislav; Potamianos, Karolos; Potrap, Igor; Potter, Christina; Poulard, Gilbert; Poulsen, Trine; Poveda, Joaquin; Pozo Astigarraga, Mikel Eukeni; Pralavorio, Pascal; Pranko, Aliaksandr; Prell, Soeren; Price, Darren; Price, Lawrence; Primavera, Margherita; Prince, Sebastien; Proklova, Nadezda; Prokofiev, Kirill; Prokoshin, Fedor; Protopopescu, Serban; Proudfoot, James; Przybycien, Mariusz; Puri, Akshat; Puzo, Patrick; Qian, Jianming; Qin, Gang; Qin, Yang; Quadt, Arnulf; Queitsch-Maitland, Michaela; Quilty, Donnchadha; Raddum, Silje; Radeka, Veljko; Radescu, Voica; Radhakrishnan, Sooraj Krishnan; Radloff, Peter; Rados, Pere; Ragusa, Francesco; Rahal, Ghita; Raine, John Andrew; 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Robson, Aidan; Rocco, Elena; Roda, Chiara; Rodina, Yulia; Rodriguez Bosca, Sergi; Rodriguez Perez, Andrea; Rodriguez Rodriguez, Daniel; Roe, Shaun; Rogan, Christopher Sean; Røhne, Ole; Roloff, Jennifer; Romaniouk, Anatoli; Romano, Marino; Romano Saez, Silvestre Marino; Romero Adam, Elena; Rompotis, Nikolaos; Ronzani, Manfredi; Roos, Lydia; Rosati, Stefano; Rosbach, Kilian; Rose, Peyton; Rosien, Nils-Arne; Rossi, Elvira; Rossi, Leonardo Paolo; Rosten, Jonatan; Rosten, Rachel; Rotaru, Marina; Roth, Itamar; Rothberg, Joseph; Rousseau, David; Rozanov, Alexandre; Rozen, Yoram; Ruan, Xifeng; Rubbo, Francesco; Rühr, Frederik; Ruiz-Martinez, Aranzazu; Rurikova, Zuzana; Rusakovich, Nikolai; Russell, Heather; Rutherfoord, John; Ruthmann, Nils; Ryabov, Yury; Rybar, Martin; Rybkin, Grigori; Ryu, Soo; Ryzhov, Andrey; Rzehorz, Gerhard Ferdinand; Saavedra, Aldo; Sabato, Gabriele; Sacerdoti, Sabrina; Sadrozinski, Hartmut; Sadykov, Renat; Safai Tehrani, Francesco; Saha, Puja; Sahinsoy, Merve; Saimpert, Matthias; Saito, Masahiko; Saito, Tomoyuki; Sakamoto, Hiroshi; Sakurai, Yuki; Salamanna, Giuseppe; Salazar Loyola, Javier Esteban; Salek, David; Sales De Bruin, Pedro Henrique; Salihagic, Denis; Salnikov, Andrei; Salt, José; Salvatore, Daniela; Salvatore, Pasquale Fabrizio; Salvucci, Antonio; Salzburger, Andreas; Sammel, Dirk; Sampsonidis, Dimitrios; Sampsonidou, Despoina; Sánchez, Javier; Sanchez Martinez, Victoria; Sanchez Pineda, Arturo Rodolfo; Sandaker, Heidi; Sandbach, Ruth Laura; Sander, Christian Oliver; Sandhoff, Marisa; Sandoval, Carlos; Sankey, Dave; Sannino, Mario; Sansoni, Andrea; Santoni, Claudio; Santonico, Rinaldo; Santos, Helena; Santoyo Castillo, Itzebelt; Sapronov, Andrey; Saraiva, João; Sarrazin, Bjorn; Sasaki, Osamu; Sato, Koji; Sauvan, Emmanuel; Savage, Graham; Savard, Pierre; Savic, Natascha; Sawyer, Craig; Sawyer, Lee; Saxon, James; Sbarra, Carla; Sbrizzi, Antonio; Scanlon, Tim; Scannicchio, Diana; Scarcella, Mark; Scarfone, Valerio; Schaarschmidt, Jana; Schacht, Peter; Schachtner, Balthasar Maria; Schaefer, Douglas; Schaefer, Leigh; Schaefer, Ralph; Schaeffer, Jan; Schaepe, Steffen; Schaetzel, Sebastian; Schäfer, Uli; Schaffer, Arthur; Schaile, Dorothee; Schamberger, R Dean; Scharf, Veit; Schegelsky, Valery; Scheirich, Daniel; Schernau, Michael; Schiavi, Carlo; Schier, Sheena; Schildgen, Lara Katharina; Schillo, Christian; Schioppa, Marco; Schlenker, Stefan; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, Korbinian Ralf; Schmieden, Kristof; Schmitt, Christian; Schmitt, Stefan; Schmitz, Simon; Schnoor, Ulrike; Schoeffel, Laurent; Schoening, Andre; Schoenrock, Bradley Daniel; Schopf, Elisabeth; Schott, Matthias; Schouwenberg, Jeroen; Schovancova, Jaroslava; Schramm, Steven; Schuh, Natascha; Schulte, Alexandra; Schultens, Martin Johannes; Schultz-Coulon, Hans-Christian; Schulz, Holger; Schumacher, Markus; Schumm, Bruce; Schune, Philippe; Schwartzman, Ariel; Schwarz, Thomas Andrew; Schweiger, Hansdieter; Schwemling, Philippe; Schwienhorst, Reinhard; Schwindling, Jerome; Sciandra, Andrea; Sciolla, Gabriella; Scuri, Fabrizio; Scutti, Federico; Searcy, Jacob; Seema, Pienpen; Seidel, Sally; Seiden, Abraham; Seixas, José; Sekhniaidze, Givi; Sekhon, Karishma; Sekula, Stephen; Semprini-Cesari, Nicola; Senkin, Sergey; Serfon, Cedric; Serin, Laurent; Serkin, Leonid; Sessa, Marco; Seuster, Rolf; Severini, Horst; Sfiligoj, Tina; Sforza, Federico; Sfyrla, Anna; Shabalina, Elizaveta; Shaikh, Nabila Wahab; Shan, Lianyou; Shang, Ruo-yu; Shank, James; Shapiro, Marjorie; Shatalov, Pavel; Shaw, Kate; Shaw, Savanna Marie; Shcherbakova, Anna; Shehu, Ciwake Yusufu; Shen, Yu-Ting; Sherwood, Peter; Shi, Liaoshan; Shimizu, Shima; Shimmin, Chase Owen; Shimojima, Makoto; Shipsey, Ian Peter Joseph; Shirabe, Shohei; Shiyakova, Mariya; Shlomi, Jonathan; Shmeleva, Alevtina; Shoaleh Saadi, Diane; Shochet, Mel; Shojaii, Seyed Ruhollah; Shope, David Richard; Shrestha, Suyog; Shulga, Evgeny; Shupe, Michael; Sicho, Petr; Sickles, Anne Marie; Sidebo, Per Edvin; Sideras Haddad, Elias; Sidiropoulou, Ourania; Sidoti, Antonio; Siegert, Frank; Sijacki, Djordje; Silva, José; Silverstein, Samuel; Simak, Vladislav; Simic, Ljiljana; Simion, Stefan; Simioni, Eduard; Simmons, Brinick; Simon, Manuel; Sinervo, Pekka; Sinev, Nikolai; Sioli, Maximiliano; Siragusa, Giovanni; Siral, Ismet; Sivoklokov, Serguei; Sjölin, Jörgen; Skinner, Malcolm Bruce; Skubic, Patrick; Slater, Mark; Slavicek, Tomas; Slawinska, Magdalena; Sliwa, Krzysztof; Slovak, Radim; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Smart, Ben; Smiesko, Juraj; Smirnov, Nikita; Smirnov, Sergei; Smirnov, Yury; Smirnova, Lidia; Smirnova, Oxana; Smith, Joshua Wyatt; Smith, Matthew; Smith, Russell; Smizanska, Maria; Smolek, Karel; Snesarev, Andrei; Snyder, Ian Michael; Snyder, Scott; Sobie, Randall; Socher, Felix; Soffer, Abner; Soh, Dart-yin; Sokhrannyi, Grygorii; Solans Sanchez, Carlos; Solar, Michael; Soldatov, Evgeny; Soldevila, Urmila; Solodkov, Alexander; Soloshenko, Alexei; Solovyanov, Oleg; Solovyev, Victor; Sommer, Philip; Son, Hyungsuk; Song, Hong Ye; Sopczak, Andre; Sosa, David; Sotiropoulou, Calliope Louisa; Soualah, Rachik; Soukharev, Andrey; South, David; Sowden, Benjamin; Spagnolo, Stefania; Spalla, Margherita; Spangenberg, Martin; Spanò, Francesco; Sperlich, Dennis; Spettel, Fabian; Spieker, Thomas Malte; Spighi, Roberto; Spigo, Giancarlo; Spiller, Laurence Anthony; Spousta, Martin; St Denis, Richard Dante; Stabile, Alberto; Stamen, Rainer; Stamm, Soren; Stanecka, Ewa; Stanek, Robert; Stanescu, Cristian; Stanitzki, Marcel Michael; Stapnes, Steinar; Starchenko, Evgeny; Stark, Giordon; Stark, Jan; Stark, Simon Holm; Staroba, Pavel; Starovoitov, Pavel; Stärz, Steffen; Staszewski, Rafal; Steinberg, Peter; Stelzer, Bernd; Stelzer, Harald Joerg; Stelzer-Chilton, Oliver; Stenzel, Hasko; Stewart, Graeme; Stockton, Mark; Stoebe, Michael; Stoicea, Gabriel; Stolte, Philipp; Stonjek, Stefan; Stradling, Alden; Straessner, Arno; Stramaglia, Maria Elena; Strandberg, Jonas; Strandberg, Sara; Strandlie, Are; Strauss, Michael; Strizenec, Pavol; Ströhmer, Raimund; Strom, David; Stroynowski, Ryszard; Strubig, Antonia; Stucci, Stefania Antonia; Stugu, Bjarne; Styles, Nicholas Adam; Su, Dong; Su, Jun; Suchek, Stanislav; Sugaya, Yorihito; Suk, Michal; Sulin, Vladimir; Sultansoy, Saleh; Sumida, Toshi; Sun, Siyuan; Sun, Xiaohu; Suruliz, Kerim; Suster, Carl; Sutton, Mark; Suzuki, Shota; Svatos, Michal; Swiatlowski, Maximilian; Swift, Stewart Patrick; Sykora, Ivan; Sykora, Tomas; Ta, Duc; Tackmann, Kerstin; Taenzer, Joe; Taffard, Anyes; Tafirout, Reda; Taiblum, Nimrod; Takai, Helio; Takashima, Ryuichi; Takeshita, Tohru; Takubo, Yosuke; Talby, Mossadek; Talyshev, Alexey; Tanaka, Junichi; Tanaka, Masahiro; Tanaka, Reisaburo; Tanaka, Shuji; Tanioka, Ryo; Tannenwald, Benjamin Bordy; Tapia Araya, Sebastian; Tapprogge, Stefan; Tarem, Shlomit; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco; Tas, Petr; Tasevsky, Marek; Tashiro, Takuya; Tassi, Enrico; Tavares Delgado, Ademar; Tayalati, Yahya; Taylor, Aaron; Taylor, Geoffrey; Taylor, Pierre Thor Elliot; Taylor, Wendy; Teixeira-Dias, Pedro; Temple, Darren; Ten Kate, Herman; Teng, Ping-Kun; Teoh, Jia Jian; Tepel, Fabian-Phillipp; Terada, Susumu; Terashi, Koji; Terron, Juan; Terzo, Stefano; Testa, Marianna; Teuscher, Richard; Theveneaux-Pelzer, Timothée; Thomas, Juergen; Thomas-Wilsker, Joshuha; Thompson, Paul; Thompson, Stan; Thomsen, Lotte Ansgaard; Thomson, Evelyn; Tibbetts, Mark James; Ticse Torres, Royer Edson; Tikhomirov, Vladimir; Tikhonov, Yury; Timoshenko, Sergey; Tipton, Paul; Tisserant, Sylvain; Todome, Kazuki; Todorova-Nova, Sharka; Tojo, Junji; Tokár, Stanislav; Tokushuku, Katsuo; Tolley, Emma; Tomlinson, Lee; Tomoto, Makoto; Tompkins, Lauren; Toms, Konstantin; Tong, Baojia(Tony); Tornambe, Peter; Torrence, Eric; Torres, Heberth; Torró Pastor, Emma; Toth, Jozsef; Touchard, Francois; Tovey, Daniel; Treado, Colleen Jennifer; Trefzger, Thomas; Tresoldi, Fabio; Tricoli, Alessandro; Trigger, Isabel Marian; Trincaz-Duvoid, Sophie; Tripiana, Martin; Trischuk, William; Trocmé, Benjamin; Trofymov, Artur; Troncon, Clara; Trottier-McDonald, Michel; Trovatelli, Monica; Truong, Loan; Trzebinski, Maciej; Trzupek, Adam; Tsang, Ka Wa; Tseng, Jeffrey; Tsiareshka, Pavel; Tsipolitis, Georgios; Tsirintanis, Nikolaos; Tsiskaridze, Shota; Tsiskaridze, Vakhtang; Tskhadadze, Edisher; Tsui, Ka Ming; Tsukerman, Ilya; Tsulaia, Vakhtang; Tsuno, Soshi; Tsybychev, Dmitri; Tu, Yanjun; Tudorache, Alexandra; Tudorache, Valentina; Tulbure, Traian Tiberiu; Tuna, Alexander Naip; Tupputi, Salvatore; Turchikhin, Semen; Turgeman, Daniel; Turk Cakir, Ilkay; Turra, Ruggero; Tuts, Michael; Ucchielli, Giulia; Ueda, Ikuo; Ughetto, Michael; Ukegawa, Fumihiko; Unal, Guillaume; Undrus, Alexander; Unel, Gokhan; Ungaro, Francesca; Unno, Yoshinobu; Unverdorben, Christopher; Urban, Jozef; Urquijo, Phillip; Urrejola, Pedro; Usai, Giulio; Usui, Junya; Vacavant, Laurent; Vacek, Vaclav; Vachon, Brigitte; Valderanis, Chrysostomos; Valdes Santurio, Eduardo; Valentinetti, Sara; Valero, Alberto; Valéry, Lo\\"ic; Valkar, Stefan; Vallier, Alexis; Valls Ferrer, Juan Antonio; Van Den Wollenberg, Wouter; van der Graaf, Harry; van Gemmeren, Peter; Van Nieuwkoop, Jacobus; van Vulpen, Ivo; van Woerden, Marius Cornelis; Vanadia, Marco; Vandelli, Wainer; Vaniachine, Alexandre; Vankov, Peter; Vardanyan, Gagik; Vari, Riccardo; Varnes, Erich; Varni, Carlo; Varol, Tulin; Varouchas, Dimitris; Vartapetian, Armen; Varvell, Kevin; Vasquez, Jared Gregory; Vasquez, Gerardo; Vazeille, Francois; Vazquez Schroeder, Tamara; Veatch, Jason; Veeraraghavan, Venkatesh; Veloce, Laurelle Maria; Veloso, Filipe; Veneziano, Stefano; Ventura, Andrea; Venturi, Manuela; Venturi, Nicola; Venturini, Alessio; Vercesi, Valerio; Verducci, Monica; Verkerke, Wouter; Vermeulen, Jos; Vetterli, Michel; Viaux Maira, Nicolas; Viazlo, Oleksandr; Vichou, Irene; Vickey, Trevor; Vickey Boeriu, Oana Elena; Viehhauser, Georg; Viel, Simon; Vigani, Luigi; Villa, Mauro; Villaplana Perez, Miguel; Vilucchi, Elisabetta; Vincter, Manuella; Vinogradov, Vladimir; Vishwakarma, Akanksha; Vittori, Camilla; Vivarelli, Iacopo; Vlachos, Sotirios; Vlasak, Michal; Vogel, Marcelo; Vokac, Petr; Volpi, Guido; von der Schmitt, Hans; 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Zhao, Zhengguo; Zhemchugov, Alexey; Zhou, Bing; Zhou, Chen; Zhou, Li; Zhou, Maosen; Zhou, Mingliang; Zhou, Ning; Zhu, Cheng Guang; Zhu, Hongbo; Zhu, Junjie; Zhu, Yingchun; Zhuang, Xuai; Zhukov, Konstantin; Zibell, Andre; Zieminska, Daria; Zimine, Nikolai; Zimmermann, Christoph; Zimmermann, Stephanie; Zinonos, Zinonas; Zinser, Markus; Ziolkowski, Michael; Živković, Lidija; Zobernig, Georg; Zoccoli, Antonio; Zou, Rui; zur Nedden, Martin; Zwalinski, Lukasz

2017-06-26

Multi-particle cumulants and corresponding Fourier harmonics are measured for azimuthal angle distributions of charged particles in $pp$ collisions at $\\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 and 13 TeV and in $p$+Pb collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV, and compared to the results obtained for low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. These measurements aim to assess the collective nature of particle production. The measurements of multi-particle cumulants confirm the evidence for collective phenomena in $p$+Pb and low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions. On the other hand, the $pp$ results for four-particle cumulants do not demonstrate collective behaviour, indicating that they may be biased by contributions from non-flow correlations. A comparison of multi-particle cumulants and derived Fourier harmonics across different collision systems is presented as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity. For a given multiplicity, the measured Fourier harmonics are largest in Pb+Pb, smaller in $p$+Pb and smal...

The mechanism of 'solid-body' rotation of superfluid and normal components in the process of separation into layers of the over saturated 3He-4He solution

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pashitskij, Eh.A.; Mal'nev, V.N.; Naryshkin, R.A.

2005-01-01

It is shown that unstable hydrodynamic vortices may be formed inside subcritical nuclei of separation in the normal component of the decaying over saturated 3 He- 4 He solution. We consider the mechanism of drag of the superfluid component of the 3 He- 4 He solution by the normal component into the 'solid-body' rotation due to the Hall-Vinen-Bekarevich-Khalatnikov forces in the equations of two-fluid hydrodynamics, resulting in the formation of quantized vortices. An increase in the average density of the quantized vortices may accelerate the process of heterogeneous decomposition of the 3 He- 4 He solution

Hadronic scattering in the color glass condensate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Venugopalan, R. [Brookhaven National Lab., Physics Department, Upton, NY (United States)

2005-07-01

Multi-particle production in QCD is dominated by higher twist contributions. The operator product expansion is not very effective here because the number of relevant operators grow rapidly with increasing twist. The color glass condensate (CGC) provides a framework in QCD to systematically discuss 'classical' (multiple scattering) and 'quantum' evolution (shadowing) effects in multi-particle production. The apparently insuperable problem of nucleus-nucleus scattering in QCD simplifies greatly in the CGC. A few examples are discussed with emphasis on open problems. (author)

Impacts of Limestone Multi-particle Size on Production Performance, Egg Shell Quality, and Egg Quality in Laying Hens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

X. Y. Guo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of single or multi-particle size limestone on the egg shell quality, egg production, egg quality and feed intake in laying hens. A total of 280 laying hens (ISA brown were used in this 10-wk trial. Laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 14 replications per treatment and 5 adjacent cages as a replication (hens were caged individually. The experimental treatments were: i L, basal diet+10% large particle limestone; ii LS1, basal diet+8% large particle limestone+2% small particle limestone; iii LS2, basal diet+6% large particle limestone+4% small particle limestone; iv S, basal diet+10% small particle limestone. The egg production was unaffected by dietary treatments. The egg weight in S treatment was lighter than other treatments (p<0.05. The egg specific gravity in S treatment was lower than other treatments (p<0.05. The eggshell strength and eggshell thickness in S treatment were decreased when compared with other dietary treatments (p<0.05. The laying hens in LS1 and LS2 treatment had a higher average feed intake than the other two treatments (p<0.05. Collectively, the dietary multi-particle size limestone supplementation could be as efficient as large particle size limestone.

Reaction matrix calculation of 4He including Δ degrees of freedom

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wakamatsu, Masashi.

1979-06-01

The effects of the Δ(3-3 resonance) components on the binding energy of 4 He are studied within the framework of the reaction matrix theory. In this approach, the Δ configurations in 4 He are introduced in terms of the NΔ transition potential by solving the reaction matrix equation and thus it goes beyond perturbation theory with the NΔ transition potential. Not only the two-body cluster energy but also the three-body cluster energy containing Δ configurations are calculated. (author)

Nucleus-nucleus potential with repulsive core and elastic scattering. Part 1. Nucleus-nucleus interaction potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidovs'ka, O.Yi.; Denisov, V.Yu.; Nesterov, V.O.

2010-01-01

Various approaches for nucleus-nucleus interaction potential evaluation are discussed in details. It is shown that the antisymmetrization of nucleons belonging to different nuclei and the Pauli principle give the essential contribution into the nucleus-nucleus potential at distances, when nuclei are strongly overlapping, and lead to appearance of the repulsive core of nucleus nucleus interaction at small distances between nuclei.

4He-impurity effects on normal liquid 3He at low temperatures I - preliminary ideas and calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghassib, H.B.; Chatterjee, S.

1982-02-01

The effects of 4 He impurities on the low-temperature properties of normal liquid 3 He are explored. It is argued that these effects should manifest themselves in, among other properties, the liquid structure factor at very low temperatures and momentum transfers, the acoustic impedance near the transition region from the zero- to the first-sound regime, the propagation of sound, the phase diagram, and the magnetic properties - including the magnetokinetic coefficients of the spin-polarized system. Several experiments are suggested to detect these macroscopic manifestations. (author)

The π+-emission puzzle in 4 over Lambda He decay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gibson, B.F.; Timmermans, R.

1997-10-01

The observed π + emission from the weak decay of 4 over Λ He has long been an intriguing puzzle. Experimentally, the π + to π - ratio for 4 over Λ He decay is about 5%. Because mesonic decay modes of the free Λ (→ p + π - , n + π 0 ) produce no π + s, more complicated mechanisms must be responsible for the π + decay of 4 over Λ He. Dalitz and von Hippel explored two-body decay processes of the type: (1) Λ → π 0 + n decay followed by a π 0 + p → π + + n charge-exchange reaction, and (2) Σ + → π + + n decay following a Λ + p → Σ + + n conversion. They concluded that neither process could account for even a 1% π + + n decay as a p-wave process ruled out the promising explanation coming from von Hippel's calculations, which had found that s-wave Σ + decay might yield a sufficiently high rate. Cieply and Gal re-examined the charge-exchange contribution and concluded that, although up-to-date input parameters yield a 1.2% branching ratio, the charge-exchange mechanism cannot account for the experimental value of about 5%

[Effect of down-regulation of HE4 gene expression on biologic behavior of ovarian cancer cells].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Lei; Xiao, Ran; Chen, Ying; Zhang, Jing; Lu, Ren-quan; Guo, Lin

2013-10-01

To investigate the effects of HE4 gene knockdown on the proliferation, adhesion and invasion of the ovarian cancer cells SKOV3. The knockdown of HE4 gene was performed by RNAi technology. The recombinant plasmids (pSUPER-HE4 shDNAs) were constructed and transfected into human ovarian cancer cells SKOV3. HE4 expression was then identified by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. The invasion and adhesion ability of transduced cells were determined. In addition, cell proliferation and growth were analyzed by colonies formation assay. Knockdown of HE4 was achieved, and further confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot. The proliferation of HE4-down-regulated cells was not affected, but the invasion ability of the transfected cells was reduced (P cells.

Detection of Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) in Human Serum Samples Using a Specific Monoclonal Antibody-Based Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Lijun; Lv, Zhiqiang; Shao, Jing; Xu, Ying; Luo, Xiaohong; Zhang, Yuming; Hu, Yang; Zhang, Wenji; Luo, Shuhong; Fang, Jianmin; Wang, Ying; Duan, Chaohui; Huang, Ruopan

2016-09-01

The human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) may have high specificity in the detection of malignant diseases, making the development of an immunoassay for HE4 essential. In our study, a fusion gene was constructed encoded with the HE4 protein. This protein was then produced in the bacterial cells (Escherichia coli) and used to immunize mice in order to eventually generate hybridomas specific to HE4. The hybridoma supernatants were then screened, and four positive anti-HE4 cell lines were selected. These cell lines produce monoclonal antibodies against HE4 epitopes, as demonstrated in the Western blot as well as by direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using the developed antibodies, we successfully identified several good antibody pairs from the hybridomas, which allowed for the development of a sandwich ELISA to measure HE4 levels. By using the HE4 ELISA, we measured HE4 levels of 60 clinical human serum samples. Compared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved kit (Roche), our results showed a strong positive correlation to those of the FDA-approved kit. In summary, highly sensitive antibody pairs were screened against HE4, and a sandwich ELISA was developed as an accurate analytical tool for the detection of HE4 in human serum, which could be especially valuable for diagnosing ovarian carcinomas. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

(3He,α) reaction mechanism at high energy and neutron inner shell structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wiele, J. van de.

1980-01-01

The ( 3 He,α) reaction on 12 C, 16 O, 28 Si, 58 Ni, 90 Zr, 118 Sn, 124 Sn and 208 Pb targets has been studied at Esub( 3 He) = 217 MeV (or 205 MeV) in order to investigate the reaction mechanism at high energy and large momentum transfer. The reaction yields large cross sections at very forward angles and strongly enhances the largest orbital momentum transfer. The angular distribution shapes are well reproduced in the frame-work of the Z-R- D.W.B.A. analysis if we use a unique empirical α-potential: Vsub(α)(Esub(α)) = Vsub( 3 He)(3/4 Esub(α)) + Vsub(n)(1/4 Esub(α)). The excitation energy spectra have been measured up to 100 MeV in the residual light and medium nuclei and up to about 16 MeV in heavy nuclei. In addition to the well-known low-lying levels, peaks or broad structures are observed for each nucleus at higher excitation energies. They are attributed to pick up from inner shells: 1s( 11 C and 15 O), 1p( 27 Si), 1d5/2 + 1p( 57 Ni), 1f7/2( 89 Zr) 1g9/2 117 Sn, 123 Sn and 1h11/2( 207 Pb). Selectivity and localization of direct and indirect pick up ( 3 He,α) reactions were studied. Finite range calculations show that this reaction is not very sensitive to the details of the range from function but only to D 0 coefficient and range R. A microscopic α-nucleus optical potential calculated with n-n dependent and independent density forces is able to reproduce both elastic scattering and pick up reaction angular distributions [fr

HE4 Transcription- and Splice Variants-Specific Expression in Endometrial Cancer and Correlation with Patient Survival

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shi-Wen Jiang

2013-11-01

Full Text Available We investigated the HE4 variant-specific expression patterns in various normal tissues as well as in normal and malignant endometrial tissues. The relationships between mRNA variants and age, body weight, or survival are analyzed. ICAT-labeled normal and endometrial cancer (EC tissues were analyzed with multidimensional liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry. Levels of HE4 mRNA variants were measured by real-time PCR. Mean mRNA levels were compared among 16 normal endometrial samples, 14 grade 1 and 14 grade 3 endometrioid EC, 15 papillary serous EC, and 14 normal human tissue samples. The relationship between levels of HE4 variants and EC patient characteristics was analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation test. We found that, although all five HE4 mRNA variants are detectable in normal tissue samples, their expression is highly tissue-specific, with epididymis, trachea, breast and endometrium containing the highest levels. HE4-V0, -V1, and -V3 are the most abundant variants in both normal and malignant tissues. All variants are significantly increased in both endometrioid and papillary serous EC, with higher levels observed in grade 3 endometrioid EC. In the EC group, HE4-V1, -V3, and -V4 levels inversely correlate with EC patient survival, whereas HE4-V0 levels positively correlate with age. HE4 variants exhibit tissue-specific expression, suggesting that each variant may exert distinct functions in normal and malignant cells. HE4 levels appear to correlate with EC patient survival in a variant-specific manner. When using HE4 as a biomarker for EC management, the effects of age should be considered.

Improved fission neutron energy discrimination with {sup 4}He detectors through pulse filtering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhu, Ting, E-mail: ting.zhu@ufl.edu [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Liang, Yinong; Rolison, Lucas; Barker, Cathleen; Lewis, Jason; Gokhale, Sasmit [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Chandra, Rico [Arktis Radiation Detectors Ltd., Räffelstrasse 11, Zürich (Switzerland); Kiff, Scott [Sandia National Laboratories, CA (United States); Chung, Heejun [Korean Institute for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control, 1534 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Ray, Heather; Baciak, James E.; Enqvist, Andreas; Jordan, Kelly A. [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

2017-03-11

This paper presents experimental and computational techniques implemented for {sup 4}He gas scintillation detectors for induced fission neutron detection. Fission neutrons are produced when natural uranium samples are actively interrogated by 2.45 MeV deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction neutrons. Fission neutrons of energies greater than 2.45 MeV can be distinguished by their different scintillation pulse height spectra since {sup 4}He detectors retain incident fast neutron energy information. To enable the preferential detection of fast neutrons up to 10 MeV and suppress low-energy event counts, the detector photomultiplier gain is lowered and trigger threshold is increased. Pile-up and other unreliable events due to the interrogating neutron flux and background radiation are filtered out prior to the evaluation of pulse height spectra. With these problem-specific calibrations and data processing, the {sup 4}He detector's accuracy at discriminating fission neutrons up to 10 MeV is improved and verified with {sup 252}Cf spontaneous fission neutrons. Given the {sup 4}He detector's ability to differentiate fast neutron sources, this proof-of-concept active-interrogation measurement demonstrates the potential of special nuclear materials detection using a {sup 4}He fast neutron detection system.

Spin-driven structural effects in alkali doped (4)He clusters from quantum calculations.

Science.gov (United States)

Bovino, S; Coccia, E; Bodo, E; Lopez-Durán, D; Gianturco, F A

2009-06-14

In this paper, we carry out variational Monte Carlo and diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations for Li(2)((1)Sigma(g) (+))((4)He)(N) and Li(2)((3)Sigma(u) (+))((4)He)(N) with N up to 30 and discuss in detail the results of our computations. After a comparison between our DMC energies with the "exact" discrete variable representation values for the species with one (4)He, in order to test the quality of our computations at 0 K, we analyze the structural features of the whole range of doped clusters. We find that both species reside on the droplet surface, but that their orientation is spin driven, i.e., the singlet molecule is perpendicular and the triplet one is parallel to the droplet's surface. We have also computed quantum vibrational relaxation rates for both dimers in collision with a single (4)He and we find them to differ by orders of magnitude at the estimated surface temperature. Our results therefore confirm the findings from a great number of experimental data present in the current literature and provide one of the first attempts at giving an accurate, fully quantum picture for the nanoscopic properties of alkali dimers in (4)He clusters.

Measurement of long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method in p p and p +Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Science.gov (United States)

Aaboud, M.; Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abdinov, O.; Abeloos, B.; Abidi, S. H.; Abouzeid, O. S.; Abraham, N. L.; Abramowicz, H.; Abreu, H.; Abreu, R.; Abulaiti, Y.; Acharya, B. S.; Adachi, S.; Adamczyk, L.; Adelman, J.; Adersberger, M.; Adye, T.; Affolder, A. A.; Afik, Y.; Agatonovic-Jovin, T.; Agheorghiesei, C.; Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Ahlen, S. P.; Ahmadov, F.; Aielli, G.; Akatsuka, S.; Akerstedt, H.; Åkesson, T. P. A.; Akilli, E.; Akimov, A. V.; Alberghi, G. L.; Albert, J.; Albicocco, P.; Alconada Verzini, M. J.; Alderweireldt, S. C.; Aleksa, M.; Aleksandrov, I. N.; Alexa, C.; Alexander, G.; Alexopoulos, T.; Alhroob, M.; Ali, B.; Aliev, M.; Alimonti, G.; Alison, J.; Alkire, S. P.; Allbrooke, B. M. M.; Allen, B. W.; Allport, P. P.; Aloisio, A.; Alonso, A.; Alonso, F.; Alpigiani, C.; Alshehri, A. A.; Alstaty, M. I.; Alvarez Gonzalez, B.; Álvarez Piqueras, D.; Alviggi, M. G.; Amadio, B. T.; Amaral Coutinho, Y.; Amelung, C.; Amidei, D.; Amor Dos Santos, S. P.; Amoroso, S.; Amundsen, G.; Anastopoulos, C.; Ancu, L. S.; Andari, N.; Andeen, T.; Anders, C. F.; Anders, J. K.; Anderson, K. J.; Andreazza, A.; Andrei, V.; Angelidakis, S.; Angelozzi, I.; Angerami, A.; Anisenkov, A. V.; Anjos, N.; Annovi, A.; Antel, C.; Antonelli, M.; Antonov, A.; Antrim, D. J.; Anulli, F.; Aoki, M.; Aperio Bella, L.; Arabidze, G.; Arai, Y.; Araque, J. P.; Araujo Ferraz, V.; Arce, A. T. H.; Ardell, R. E.; Arduh, F. A.; Arguin, J.-F.; Argyropoulos, S.; Arik, M.; Armbruster, A. J.; Armitage, L. J.; Arnaez, O.; Arnold, H.; Arratia, M.; Arslan, O.; Artamonov, A.; Artoni, G.; Artz, S.; Asai, S.; Asbah, N.; Ashkenazi, A.; Asquith, L.; Assamagan, K.; Astalos, R.; Atkinson, M.; Atlay, N. B.; Augsten, K.; Avolio, G.; Axen, B.; Ayoub, M. K.; Azuelos, G.; Baas, A. E.; Baca, M. J.; Bachacou, H.; Bachas, K.; Backes, M.; Bagnaia, P.; Bahmani, M.; Bahrasemani, H.; Baines, J. T.; Bajic, M.; Baker, O. K.; Bakker, P. J.; Baldin, E. M.; Balek, P.; Balli, F.; Balunas, W. K.; Banas, E.; Bandyopadhyay, A.; Banerjee, Sw.; Bannoura, A. A. E.; Barak, L.; Barberio, E. L.; Barberis, D.; Barbero, M.; Barillari, T.; Barisits, M.-S.; Barkeloo, J. T.; Barklow, T.; Barlow, N.; Barnes, S. L.; Barnett, B. M.; Barnett, R. M.; Barnovska-Blenessy, Z.; Baroncelli, A.; Barone, G.; Barr, A. J.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Barreiro, F.; Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J.; Bartoldus, R.; Barton, A. E.; Bartos, P.; Basalaev, A.; Bassalat, A.; Bates, R. L.; Batista, S. J.; Batley, J. R.; Battaglia, M.; Bauce, M.; Bauer, F.; Bawa, H. S.; Beacham, J. B.; Beattie, M. D.; Beau, T.; Beauchemin, P. H.; Bechtle, P.; Beck, H. P.; Beck, H. C.; Becker, K.; Becker, M.; Becot, C.; Beddall, A. J.; Beddall, A.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Bedognetti, M.; Bee, C. P.; Beermann, T. A.; Begalli, M.; Begel, M.; Behr, J. K.; Bell, A. S.; Bella, G.; Bellagamba, L.; Bellerive, A.; Bellomo, M.; Belotskiy, K.; Beltramello, O.; Belyaev, N. L.; Benary, O.; Benchekroun, D.; Bender, M.; Benekos, N.; Benhammou, Y.; Benhar Noccioli, E.; Benitez, J.; Benjamin, D. P.; Benoit, M.; Bensinger, J. R.; Bentvelsen, S.; Beresford, L.; Beretta, M.; Berge, D.; Bergeaas Kuutmann, E.; Berger, N.; Beringer, J.; Berlendis, S.; Bernard, N. R.; Bernardi, G.; Bernius, C.; Bernlochner, F. U.; Berry, T.; Berta, P.; Bertella, C.; Bertoli, G.; Bertram, I. A.; Bertsche, C.; Bertsche, D.; Besjes, G. J.; Bessidskaia Bylund, O.; Bessner, M.; Besson, N.; Bethani, A.; Bethke, S.; Betti, A.; Bevan, A. J.; Beyer, J.; Bianchi, R. M.; Biebel, O.; Biedermann, D.; Bielski, R.; Bierwagen, K.; Biesuz, N. V.; Biglietti, M.; Billoud, T. R. V.; Bilokon, H.; Bindi, M.; Bingul, A.; Bini, C.; Biondi, S.; Bisanz, T.; Bittrich, C.; Bjergaard, D. M.; Black, J. E.; Black, K. M.; Blair, R. E.; Blazek, T.; Bloch, I.; Blocker, C.; Blue, A.; Blumenschein, U.; Blunier, S.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bobrovnikov, V. S.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Bocci, A.; Bock, C.; Boehler, M.; Boerner, D.; Bogavac, D.; Bogdanchikov, A. G.; Bohm, C.; Boisvert, V.; Bokan, P.; Bold, T.; Boldyrev, A. S.; Bolz, A. E.; Bomben, M.; Bona, M.; Boonekamp, M.; Borisov, A.; Borissov, G.; Bortfeldt, J.; Bortoletto, D.; Bortolotto, V.; Boscherini, D.; Bosman, M.; Bossio Sola, J. D.; Boudreau, J.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Boumediene, D.; Bourdarios, C.; Boutle, S. K.; Boveia, A.; Boyd, J.; Boyko, I. R.; Bozson, A. J.; Bracinik, J.; Brandt, A.; Brandt, G.; Brandt, O.; Braren, F.; Bratzler, U.; Brau, B.; Brau, J. E.; Breaden Madden, W. D.; Brendlinger, K.; Brennan, A. J.; Brenner, L.; Brenner, R.; Bressler, S.; Briglin, D. L.; Bristow, T. M.; Britton, D.; Britzger, D.; Brochu, F. M.; Brock, I.; Brock, R.; Brooijmans, G.; Brooks, T.; Brooks, W. K.; Brosamer, J.; Brost, E.; Broughton, J. H.; Bruckman de Renstrom, P. A.; Bruncko, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruni, L. S.; Bruno, S.; Brunt, B. H.; Bruschi, M.; Bruscino, N.; Bryant, P.; Bryngemark, L.; Buanes, T.; Buat, Q.; Buchholz, P.; Buckley, A. G.; Budagov, I. A.; Buehrer, F.; Bugge, M. K.; Bulekov, O.; Bullock, D.; Burch, T. J.; Burdin, S.; Burgard, C. D.; Burger, A. M.; Burghgrave, B.; Burka, K.; Burke, S.; Burmeister, I.; Burr, J. T. P.; Büscher, D.; Büscher, V.; Bussey, P.; Butler, J. M.; Buttar, C. M.; Butterworth, J. M.; Butti, P.; Buttinger, W.; Buzatu, A.; Buzykaev, A. R.; Cabrera Urbán, S.; Caforio, D.; Cai, H.; Cairo, V. M.; Cakir, O.; Calace, N.; Calafiura, P.; Calandri, A.; Calderini, G.; Calfayan, P.; Callea, G.; Caloba, L. P.; Calvente Lopez, S.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Calvet, T. P.; Camacho Toro, R.; Camarda, S.; Camarri, P.; Cameron, D.; Caminal Armadans, R.; Camincher, C.; Campana, S.; Campanelli, M.; Camplani, A.; Campoverde, A.; Canale, V.; Cano Bret, M.; Cantero, J.; Cao, T.; Capeans Garrido, M. D. M.; Caprini, I.; Caprini, M.; Capua, M.; Carbone, R. M.; Cardarelli, R.; Cardillo, F.; Carli, I.; Carli, T.; Carlino, G.; Carlson, B. T.; Carminati, L.; Carney, R. M. D.; Caron, S.; Carquin, E.; Carrá, S.; Carrillo-Montoya, G. D.; Casadei, D.; Casado, M. P.; Casolino, M.; Casper, D. W.; Castelijn, R.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Castro, N. F.; Catinaccio, A.; Catmore, J. R.; Cattai, A.; Caudron, J.; Cavaliere, V.; Cavallaro, E.; Cavalli, D.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Celebi, E.; Ceradini, F.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Cerqueira, A. S.; Cerri, A.; Cerrito, L.; Cerutti, F.; Cervelli, A.; Cetin, S. A.; Chafaq, A.; Chakraborty, D.; Chan, S. K.; Chan, W. S.; Chan, Y. L.; Chang, P.; Chapman, J. D.; Charlton, D. G.; Chau, C. C.; Chavez Barajas, C. A.; Che, S.; Cheatham, S.; Chegwidden, A.; Chekanov, S.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Chelkov, G. A.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Chen, C.; Chen, C.; Chen, H.; Chen, J.; Chen, S.; Chen, S.; Chen, X.; Chen, Y.; Cheng, H. C.; Cheng, H. J.; Cheplakov, A.; Cheremushkina, E.; Cherkaoui El Moursli, R.; Cheu, E.; Cheung, K.; Chevalier, L.; Chiarella, V.; Chiarelli, G.; Chiodini, G.; Chisholm, A. S.; Chitan, A.; Chiu, Y. H.; Chizhov, M. V.; Choi, K.; Chomont, A. R.; Chouridou, S.; Chow, Y. S.; Christodoulou, V.; Chu, M. C.; Chudoba, J.; Chuinard, A. J.; Chwastowski, J. J.; Chytka, L.; Ciftci, A. K.; Cinca, D.; Cindro, V.; Cioara, I. A.; Ciocio, A.; Cirotto, F.; Citron, Z. H.; Citterio, M.; Ciubancan, M.; Clark, A.; Clark, B. L.; Clark, M. R.; Clark, P. J.; Clarke, R. N.; Clement, C.; Coadou, Y.; Cobal, M.; Coccaro, A.; Cochran, J.; Colasurdo, L.; Cole, B.; Colijn, A. P.; Collot, J.; Colombo, T.; Conde Muiño, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Connell, S. H.; Connelly, I. A.; Constantinescu, S.; Conti, G.; Conventi, F.; Cooke, M.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Cormier, F.; Cormier, K. J. R.; Corradi, M.; Corriveau, F.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Costa, G.; Costa, M. J.; Costanzo, D.; Cottin, G.; Cowan, G.; Cox, B. E.; Cranmer, K.; Crawley, S. J.; Creager, R. A.; Cree, G.; Crépé-Renaudin, S.; Crescioli, F.; Cribbs, W. A.; Cristinziani, M.; Croft, V.; Crosetti, G.; Cueto, A.; Cuhadar Donszelmann, T.; Cukierman, A. R.; Cummings, J.; Curatolo, M.; Cúth, J.; Czekierda, S.; Czodrowski, P.; D'Amen, G.; D'Auria, S.; D'Eramo, L.; D'Onofrio, M.; da Cunha Sargedas de Sousa, M. J.; da Via, C.; Dabrowski, W.; Dado, T.; Dai, T.; Dale, O.; Dallaire, F.; Dallapiccola, C.; Dam, M.; Dandoy, J. R.; Daneri, M. F.; Dang, N. P.; Daniells, A. C.; Dann, N. S.; Danninger, M.; Dano Hoffmann, M.; Dao, V.; Darbo, G.; Darmora, S.; Dassoulas, J.; Dattagupta, A.; Daubney, T.; Davey, W.; David, C.; Davidek, T.; Davis, D. R.; Davison, P.; Dawe, E.; Dawson, I.; de, K.; de Asmundis, R.; de Benedetti, A.; de Castro, S.; de Cecco, S.; de Groot, N.; de Jong, P.; de la Torre, H.; de Lorenzi, F.; de Maria, A.; de Pedis, D.; de Salvo, A.; de Sanctis, U.; de Santo, A.; de Vasconcelos Corga, K.; de Vivie de Regie, J. B.; Debbe, R.; Debenedetti, C.; Dedovich, D. V.; Dehghanian, N.; Deigaard, I.; Del Gaudio, M.; Del Peso, J.; Delgove, D.; Deliot, F.; Delitzsch, C. M.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Dell'Asta, L.; Dell'Orso, M.; Della Pietra, M.; Della Volpe, D.; Delmastro, M.; Delporte, C.; Delsart, P. A.; Demarco, D. A.; Demers, S.; Demichev, M.; Demilly, A.; Denisov, S. P.; Denysiuk, D.; Derendarz, D.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Derue, F.; Dervan, P.; Desch, K.; Deterre, C.; Dette, K.; Devesa, M. R.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Dewhurst, A.; Dhaliwal, S.; di Bello, F. A.; di Ciaccio, A.; di Ciaccio, L.; di Clemente, W. K.; di Donato, C.; di Girolamo, A.; di Girolamo, B.; di Micco, B.; di Nardo, R.; di Petrillo, K. F.; di Simone, A.; di Sipio, R.; di Valentino, D.; Diaconu, C.; Diamond, M.; Dias, F. A.; Diaz, M. A.; Diehl, E. B.; Dietrich, J.; Díez Cornell, S.; Dimitrievska, A.; Dingfelder, J.; Dita, P.; Dita, S.; Dittus, F.; Djama, F.; Djobava, T.; Djuvsland, J. I.; Do Vale, M. A. B.; Dobos, D.; Dobre, M.; Dodsworth, D.; Doglioni, C.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Donadelli, M.; Donati, S.; Dondero, P.; Donini, J.; Dopke, J.; Doria, A.; Dova, M. T.; Doyle, A. T.; Drechsler, E.; Dris, M.; Du, Y.; Duarte-Campderros, J.; Dubinin, F.; Dubreuil, A.; Duchovni, E.; Duckeck, G.; Ducourthial, A.; Ducu, O. A.; Duda, D.; Dudarev, A.; Dudder, A. Chr.; Duffield, E. M.; Duflot, L.; Dührssen, M.; Dulsen, C.; Dumancic, M.; Dumitriu, A. E.; Duncan, A. K.; Dunford, M.; Duperrin, A.; Duran Yildiz, H.; Düren, M.; Durglishvili, A.; Duschinger, D.; Dutta, B.; Duvnjak, D.; Dyndal, M.; Dziedzic, B. S.; Eckardt, C.; Ecker, K. M.; Edgar, R. C.; Eifert, T.; Eigen, G.; Einsweiler, K.; Ekelof, T.; El Kacimi, M.; El Kosseifi, R.; Ellajosyula, V.; Ellert, M.; Elles, S.; Ellinghaus, F.; Elliot, A. A.; Ellis, N.; Elmsheuser, J.; Elsing, M.; Emeliyanov, D.; Enari, Y.; Ennis, J. S.; Epland, M. B.; Erdmann, J.; Ereditato, A.; Ernst, M.; Errede, S.; Escalier, M.; Escobar, C.; Esposito, B.; Estrada Pastor, O.; Etienvre, A. I.; Etzion, E.; Evans, H.; Ezhilov, A.; Ezzi, M.; Fabbri, F.; Fabbri, L.; Fabiani, V.; Facini, G.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Falciano, S.; Falla, R. J.; Faltova, J.; Fang, Y.; Fanti, M.; Farbin, A.; Farilla, A.; Farina, C.; Farina, E. M.; Farooque, T.; Farrell, S.; Farrington, S. M.; Farthouat, P.; Fassi, F.; Fassnacht, P.; Fassouliotis, D.; Faucci Giannelli, M.; Favareto, A.; Fawcett, W. J.; Fayard, L.; Fedin, O. L.; Fedorko, W.; Feigl, S.; Feligioni, L.; Feng, C.; Feng, E. J.; Fenton, M. J.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Feremenga, L.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrando, J.; Ferrari, A.; Ferrari, P.; Ferrari, R.; Ferreira de Lima, D. E.; Ferrer, A.; Ferrere, D.; Ferretti, C.; Fiedler, F.; Filipčič, A.; Filipuzzi, M.; Filthaut, F.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Finelli, K. D.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Fiorini, L.; Fischer, A.; Fischer, C.; Fischer, J.; Fisher, W. C.; Flaschel, N.; Fleck, I.; Fleischmann, P.; Fletcher, R. R. M.; Flick, T.; Flierl, B. M.; Flores Castillo, L. R.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Forcolin, G. T.; Formica, A.; Förster, F. A.; Forti, A.; Foster, A. G.; Fournier, D.; Fox, H.; Fracchia, S.; Francavilla, P.; Franchini, M.; Franchino, S.; Francis, D.; Franconi, L.; Franklin, M.; Frate, M.; Fraternali, M.; Freeborn, D.; Fressard-Batraneanu, S. M.; Freund, B.; Froidevaux, D.; Frost, J. A.; Fukunaga, C.; Fusayasu, T.; Fuster, J.; Gabizon, O.; Gabrielli, A.; Gabrielli, A.; Gach, G. P.; Gadatsch, S.; Gadomski, S.; Gagliardi, G.; Gagnon, L. G.; Galea, C.; Galhardo, B.; Gallas, E. J.; Gallop, B. J.; Gallus, P.; Galster, G.; Gan, K. K.; Ganguly, S.; Gao, Y.; Gao, Y. S.; Garay Walls, F. M.; García, C.; García Navarro, J. E.; García Pascual, J. A.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Garelli, N.; Garonne, V.; Gascon Bravo, A.; Gasnikova, K.; Gatti, C.; Gaudiello, A.; Gaudio, G.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Gay, C.; Gaycken, G.; Gazis, E. N.; Gee, C. N. P.; Geisen, J.; Geisen, M.; Geisler, M. P.; Gellerstedt, K.; Gemme, C.; Genest, M. H.; Geng, C.; Gentile, S.; Gentsos, C.; George, S.; Gerbaudo, D.; Geßner, G.; Ghasemi, S.; Ghneimat, M.; Giacobbe, B.; Giagu, S.; Giangiacomi, N.; Giannetti, P.; Gibson, S. M.; Gignac, M.; Gilchriese, M.; Gillberg, D.; Gilles, G.; Gingrich, D. M.; Giordani, M. P.; Giorgi, F. M.; Giraud, P. F.; Giromini, P.; Giugliarelli, G.; Giugni, D.; Giuli, F.; Giuliani, C.; Giulini, M.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Gkaitatzis, S.; Gkialas, I.; Gkougkousis, E. L.; Gkountoumis, P.; Gladilin, L. K.; Glasman, C.; Glatzer, J.; Glaysher, P. C. F.; Glazov, A.; Goblirsch-Kolb, M.; Godlewski, J.; Goldfarb, S.; Golling, T.; Golubkov, D.; Gomes, A.; Gonçalo, R.; Goncalves Gama, R.; Goncalves Pinto Firmino da Costa, J.; Gonella, G.; Gonella, L.; Gongadze, A.; Gonski, J. L.; González de La Hoz, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goossens, L.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Gordon, H. A.; Gorelov, I.; Gorini, B.; Gorini, E.; Gorišek, A.; Goshaw, A. 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V.; Peri, F.; Perini, L.; Pernegger, H.; Perrella, S.; Peschke, R.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Peters, K.; Peters, R. F. Y.; Petersen, B. A.; Petersen, T. C.; Petit, E.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Petroff, P.; Petrolo, E.; Petrov, M.; Petrucci, F.; Pettersson, N. E.; Peyaud, A.; Pezoa, R.; Phillips, F. H.; Phillips, P. W.; Piacquadio, G.; Pianori, E.; Picazio, A.; Pickering, M. A.; Piegaia, R.; Pilcher, J. E.; Pilkington, A. D.; Pinamonti, M.; Pinfold, J. L.; Pirumov, H.; Pitt, M.; Plazak, L.; Pleier, M.-A.; Pleskot, V.; Plotnikova, E.; Pluth, D.; Podberezko, P.; Poettgen, R.; Poggi, R.; Poggioli, L.; Pogrebnyak, I.; Pohl, D.; Pokharel, I.; Polesello, G.; Poley, A.; Policicchio, A.; Polifka, R.; Polini, A.; Pollard, C. S.; Polychronakos, V.; Pommès, K.; Ponomarenko, D.; Pontecorvo, L.; Popeneciu, G. A.; Portillo Quintero, D. M.; Pospisil, S.; Potamianos, K.; Potrap, I. N.; Potter, C. J.; Potti, H.; Poulsen, T.; Poveda, J.; Pozo Astigarraga, M. E.; Pralavorio, P.; Pranko, A.; Prell, S.; Price, D.; Primavera, M.; Prince, S.; Proklova, N.; Prokofiev, K.; Prokoshin, F.; Protopopescu, S.; Proudfoot, J.; Przybycien, M.; Puri, A.; Puzo, P.; Qian, J.; Qin, G.; Qin, Y.; Quadt, A.; Queitsch-Maitland, M.; Quilty, D.; Raddum, S.; Radeka, V.; Radescu, V.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Radloff, P.; Rados, P.; Ragusa, F.; Rahal, G.; Raine, J. A.; Rajagopalan, S.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Rashid, T.; Raspopov, S.; Ratti, M. G.; Rauch, D. M.; Rauscher, F.; Rave, S.; Ravinovich, I.; Rawling, J. H.; Raymond, M.; Read, A. L.; Readioff, N. P.; Reale, M.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Redelbach, A.; Redlinger, G.; Reece, R.; Reed, R. G.; Reeves, K.; Rehnisch, L.; Reichert, J.; Reiss, A.; Rembser, C.; Ren, H.; Rescigno, M.; Resconi, S.; Resseguie, E. D.; Rettie, S.; Reynolds, E.; Rezanova, O. L.; Reznicek, P.; Rezvani, R.; Richter, R.; Richter, S.; Richter-Was, E.; Ricken, O.; Ridel, M.; Rieck, P.; Riegel, C. J.; Rieger, J.; Rifki, O.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Rimoldi, A.; Rimoldi, M.; Rinaldi, L.; Ripellino, G.; Ristić, B.; Ritsch, E.; Riu, I.; Rizatdinova, F.; Rizvi, E.; Rizzi, C.; Roberts, R. T.; Robertson, S. H.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Robinson, D.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Robson, A.; Rocco, E.; Roda, C.; Rodina, Y.; Rodriguez Bosca, S.; Rodriguez Perez, A.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Roe, S.; Rogan, C. S.; Røhne, O.; Roloff, J.; Romaniouk, A.; Romano, M.; Romano Saez, S. M.; Romero Adam, E.; Rompotis, N.; Ronzani, M.; Roos, L.; Rosati, S.; Rosbach, K.; Rose, P.; Rosien, N.-A.; Rossi, E.; Rossi, L. P.; Rosten, J. H. N.; Rosten, R.; Rotaru, M.; Rothberg, J.; Rousseau, D.; Rozanov, A.; Rozen, Y.; Ruan, X.; Rubbo, F.; Ruettinger, E. M.; Rühr, F.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Rurikova, Z.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Russell, H. L.; Rutherfoord, J. P.; Ruthmann, N.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Rybar, M.; Rybkin, G.; Ryu, S.; Ryzhov, A.; Rzehorz, G. F.; Saavedra, A. F.; Sabato, G.; Sacerdoti, S.; Sadrozinski, H. F.-W.; Sadykov, R.; Safai Tehrani, F.; Saha, P.; Sahinsoy, M.; Saimpert, M.; Saito, M.; Saito, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sakurai, Y.; Salamanna, G.; Salazar Loyola, J. E.; Salek, D.; Sales de Bruin, P. H.; Salihagic, D.; Salnikov, A.; Salt, J.; Salvatore, D.; Salvatore, F.; Salvucci, A.; Salzburger, A.; Sammel, D.; Sampsonidis, D.; Sampsonidou, D.; Sánchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Sanchez Pineda, A.; Sandaker, H.; Sandbach, R. L.; Sander, C. O.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandoval, C.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Sannino, M.; Sano, Y.; Sansoni, A.; Santoni, C.; Santos, H.; Santoyo Castillo, I.; Sapronov, A.; Saraiva, J. G.; Sarrazin, B.; Sasaki, O.; Sato, K.; Sauvan, E.; Savage, G.; Savard, P.; Savic, N.; Sawyer, C.; Sawyer, L.; Saxon, J.; Sbarra, C.; Sbrizzi, A.; Scanlon, T.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schacht, P.; Schachtner, B. M.; Schaefer, D.; Schaefer, L.; Schaefer, R.; Schaeffer, J.; Schaepe, S.; Schaetzel, S.; Schäfer, U.; Schaffer, A. C.; Schaile, D.; Schamberger, R. D.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Scheirich, D.; Schernau, M.; Schiavi, C.; Schier, S.; Schildgen, L. K.; Schillo, C.; Schioppa, M.; Schlenker, S.; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, K. R.; Schmieden, K.; Schmitt, C.; Schmitt, S.; Schmitz, S.; Schnoor, U.; Schoeffel, L.; Schoening, A.; Schoenrock, B. D.; Schopf, E.; Schott, M.; Schouwenberg, J. F. P.; Schovancova, J.; Schramm, S.; Schuh, N.; Schulte, A.; Schultens, M. J.; Schultz-Coulon, H.-C.; Schulz, H.; Schumacher, M.; Schumm, B. A.; Schune, Ph.; Schwartzman, A.; Schwarz, T. A.; Schweiger, H.; Schwemling, Ph.; Schwienhorst, R.; Schwindling, J.; Sciandra, A.; Sciolla, G.; Scornajenghi, M.; Scuri, F.; Scutti, F.; Searcy, J.; Seema, P.; Seidel, S. C.; Seiden, A.; Seixas, J. M.; Sekhniaidze, G.; Sekhon, K.; Sekula, S. J.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Senkin, S.; Serfon, C.; Serin, L.; Serkin, L.; Sessa, M.; Seuster, R.; Severini, H.; Sfiligoj, T.; Sforza, F.; Sfyrla, A.; Shabalina, E.; Shaikh, N. W.; Shan, L. Y.; Shang, R.; Shank, J. T.; Shapiro, M.; Shatalov, P. B.; Shaw, K.; Shaw, S. M.; Shcherbakova, A.; Shehu, C. Y.; Shen, Y.; Sherafati, N.; Sherwood, P.; Shi, L.; Shimizu, S.; Shimmin, C. O.; Shimojima, M.; Shipsey, I. P. J.; Shirabe, S.; Shiyakova, M.; Shlomi, J.; Shmeleva, A.; Shoaleh Saadi, D.; Shochet, M. J.; Shojaii, S.; Shope, D. R.; Shrestha, S.; Shulga, E.; Shupe, M. A.; Sicho, P.; Sickles, A. M.; Sidebo, P. E.; Sideras Haddad, E.; Sidiropoulou, O.; Sidoti, A.; Siegert, F.; Sijacki, Dj.; Silva, J.; Silverstein, S. B.; Simak, V.; Simic, L.; Simion, S.; Simioni, E.; Simmons, B.; Simon, M.; Sinervo, P.; Sinev, N. B.; Sioli, M.; Siragusa, G.; Siral, I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Sjölin, J.; Skinner, M. B.; Skubic, P.; Slater, M.; Slavicek, T.; Slawinska, M.; Sliwa, K.; Slovak, R.; Smakhtin, V.; Smart, B. H.; Smiesko, J.; Smirnov, N.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Smirnova, L. N.; Smirnova, O.; Smith, J. W.; Smith, M. N. K.; Smith, R. W.; Smizanska, M.; Smolek, K.; Snesarev, A. A.; Snyder, I. M.; Snyder, S.; Sobie, R.; Socher, F.; Soffer, A.; Søgaard, A.; Soh, D. A.; Sokhrannyi, G.; Solans Sanchez, C. A.; Solar, M.; Soldatov, E. Yu.; Soldevila, U.; Solodkov, A. A.; Soloshenko, A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Solovyev, V.; Sommer, P.; Son, H.; Sopczak, A.; Sosa, D.; Sotiropoulou, C. L.; Sottocornola, S.; Soualah, R.; Soukharev, A. M.; South, D.; Sowden, B. C.; Spagnolo, S.; Spalla, M.; Spangenberg, M.; Spanò, F.; Sperlich, D.; Spettel, F.; Spieker, T. M.; Spighi, R.; Spigo, G.; Spiller, L. A.; Spousta, M.; St. Denis, R. D.; Stabile, A.; Stamen, R.; Stamm, S.; Stanecka, E.; Stanek, R. W.; Stanescu, C.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Stapf, B. S.; Stapnes, S.; Starchenko, E. A.; Stark, G. H.; Stark, J.; Stark, S. H.; Staroba, P.; Starovoitov, P.; Stärz, S.; Staszewski, R.; Stegler, M.; Steinberg, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer, H. J.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Stenzel, H.; Stevenson, T. J.; Stewart, G. A.; Stockton, M. C.; Stoebe, M.; Stoicea, G.; Stolte, P.; Stonjek, S.; Stradling, A. R.; Straessner, A.; Stramaglia, M. E.; Strandberg, J.; Strandberg, S.; Strauss, M.; Strizenec, P.; Ströhmer, R.; Strom, D. M.; Stroynowski, R.; Strubig, A.; Stucci, S. A.; Stugu, B.; Styles, N. A.; Su, D.; Su, J.; Suchek, S.; Sugaya, Y.; Suk, M.; Sulin, V. V.; Sultan, D. M. S.; Sultansoy, S.; Sumida, T.; Sun, S.; Sun, X.; Suruliz, K.; Suster, C. J. E.; Sutton, M. R.; Suzuki, S.; Svatos, M.; Swiatlowski, M.; Swift, S. P.; Sykora, I.; Sykora, T.; Ta, D.; Tackmann, K.; Taenzer, J.; Taffard, A.; Tafirout, R.; Tahirovic, E.; Taiblum, N.; Takai, H.; Takashima, R.; Takasugi, E. H.; Takeda, K.; Takeshita, T.; Takubo, Y.; Talby, M.; Talyshev, A. A.; Tanaka, J.; Tanaka, M.; Tanaka, R.; Tanaka, S.; Tanioka, R.; Tannenwald, B. B.; Tapia Araya, S.; Tapprogge, S.; Tarem, S.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Tas, P.; Tasevsky, M.; Tashiro, T.; Tassi, E.; Tavares Delgado, A.; Tayalati, Y.; Taylor, A. C.; Taylor, A. J.; Taylor, G. N.; Taylor, P. T. E.; Taylor, W.; Teixeira-Dias, P.; Temple, D.; Ten Kate, H.; Teng, P. K.; Teoh, J. J.; Tepel, F.; Terada, S.; Terashi, K.; Terron, J.; Terzo, S.; Testa, M.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thais, S. J.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Thiele, F.; Thomas, J. P.; Thomas-Wilsker, J.; Thompson, P. D.; Thompson, A. S.; Thomsen, L. A.; Thomson, E.; Tian, Y.; Tibbetts, M. J.; Ticse Torres, R. E.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Tikhonov, Yu. A.; Timoshenko, S.; Tipton, P.; Tisserant, S.; Todome, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Todt, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokár, S.; Tokushuku, K.; Tolley, E.; Tomlinson, L.; Tomoto, M.; Tompkins, L.; Toms, K.; Tong, B.; Tornambe, P.; Torrence, E.; Torres, H.; Torró Pastor, E.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Tovey, D. R.; Treado, C. J.; Trefzger, T.; Tresoldi, F.; Tricoli, A.; Trigger, I. M.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Tripiana, M. F.; Trischuk, W.; Trocmé, B.; Trofymov, A.; Troncon, C.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Trovatelli, M.; Truong, L.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Tsang, K. W.; Tseng, J. C.-L.; Tsiareshka, P. V.; Tsipolitis, G.; Tsirintanis, N.; Tsiskaridze, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Tskhadadze, E. G.; Tsukerman, I. I.; Tsulaia, V.; Tsuno, S.; Tsybychev, D.; Tu, Y.; Tudorache, A.; Tudorache, V.; Tulbure, T. T.; Tuna, A. N.; Turchikhin, S.; Turgeman, D.; Turk Cakir, I.; Turra, R.; Tuts, P. M.; Ucchielli, G.; Ueda, I.; Ughetto, M.; Ukegawa, F.; Unal, G.; Undrus, A.; Unel, G.; Ungaro, F. C.; Unno, Y.; Uno, K.; Unverdorben, C.; Urban, J.; Urquijo, P.; Urrejola, P.; Usai, G.; Usui, J.; Vacavant, L.; Vacek, V.; Vachon, B.; Vadla, K. O. H.; Vaidya, A.; Valderanis, C.; Valdes Santurio, E.; Valente, M.; Valentinetti, S.; Valero, A.; Valéry, L.; Valkar, S.; Vallier, A.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; van den Wollenberg, W.; van der Graaf, H.; van Gemmeren, P.; van Nieuwkoop, J.; van Vulpen, I.; van Woerden, M. C.; Vanadia, M.; Vandelli, W.; Vaniachine, A.; Vankov, P.; Vardanyan, G.; Vari, R.; Varnes, E. W.; Varni, C.; Varol, T.; Varouchas, D.; Vartapetian, A.; Varvell, K. E.; Vasquez, J. G.; Vasquez, G. A.; Vazeille, F.; Vazquez Furelos, D.; Vazquez Schroeder, T.; Veatch, J.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Veloce, L. M.; Veloso, F.; Veneziano, S.; Ventura, A.; Venturi, M.; Venturi, N.; Venturini, A.; Vercesi, V.; Verducci, M.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, A. T.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vetterli, M. C.; Viaux Maira, N.; Viazlo, O.; Vichou, I.; Vickey, T.; Vickey Boeriu, O. E.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Viel, S.; Vigani, L.; Villa, M.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Vincter, M. G.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Vishwakarma, A.; Vittori, C.; Vivarelli, I.; Vlachos, S.; Vogel, M.; Vokac, P.; Volpi, G.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Toerne, E.; Vorobel, V.; Vorobev, K.; Vos, M.; Voss, R.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Vranjes, N.; Vranjes Milosavljevic, M.; Vrba, V.; Vreeswijk, M.; Vuillermet, R.; Vukotic, I.; Wagner, P.; Wagner, W.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wahlberg, H.; Wahrmund, S.; Walder, J.; Walker, R.; Walkowiak, W.; Wallangen, V.; Wang, C.; Wang, C.; Wang, F.; Wang, H.; Wang, H.; Wang, J.; Wang, J.; Wang, Q.; Wang, R.-J.; Wang, R.; Wang, S. M.; Wang, T.; Wang, W.; Wang, W.; Wang, Z.; Wanotayaroj, C.; Warburton, A.; Ward, C. P.; Wardrope, D. R.; Washbrook, A.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Watts, G.; Watts, S.; Waugh, B. M.; Webb, A. F.; Webb, S.; Weber, M. S.; Weber, S. M.; Weber, S. W.; Weber, S. A.; Webster, J. S.; Weidberg, A. R.; Weinert, B.; Weingarten, J.; Weirich, M.; Weiser, C.; Weits, H.; Wells, P. S.; Wenaus, T.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Wermes, N.; Werner, M. D.; Werner, P.; Wessels, M.; Weston, T. D.; Whalen, K.; Whallon, N. L.; Wharton, A. M.; White, A. S.; White, A.; White, M. J.; White, R.; Whiteson, D.; Whitmore, B. W.; Wickens, F. J.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wielers, M.; Wiglesworth, C.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Wildauer, A.; Wilk, F.; Wilkens, H. G.; Williams, H. H.; Williams, S.; Willis, C.; Willocq, S.; Wilson, J. A.; Wingerter-Seez, I.; Winkels, E.; Winklmeier, F.; Winston, O. J.; Winter, B. T.; Wittgen, M.; Wobisch, M.; Wolf, A.; Wolf, T. M. H.; Wolff, R.; Wolter, M. W.; Wolters, H.; Wong, V. W. S.; Woods, N. L.; Worm, S. D.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wotschack, J.; Wozniak, K. W.; Wu, M.; Wu, S. L.; Wu, X.; Wu, Y.; Wyatt, T. R.; Wynne, B. M.; Xella, S.; Xi, Z.; Xia, L.; Xu, D.; Xu, L.; Xu, T.; Xu, W.; Yabsley, B.; Yacoob, S.; Yamaguchi, D.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamamoto, A.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamane, F.; Yamatani, M.; Yamazaki, T.; Yamazaki, Y.; Yan, Z.; Yang, H.; Yang, H.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Z.; Yao, W.-M.; Yap, Y. C.; Yasu, Y.; Yatsenko, E.; Yau Wong, K. H.; Ye, J.; Ye, S.; Yeletskikh, I.; Yigitbasi, E.; Yildirim, E.; Yorita, K.; Yoshihara, K.; Young, C.; Young, C. J. S.; Yu, J.; Yu, J.; Yuen, S. P. Y.; Yusuff, I.; Zabinski, B.; Zacharis, G.; Zaidan, R.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zakharchuk, N.; Zalieckas, J.; Zaman, A.; Zambito, S.; Zanzi, D.; Zeitnitz, C.; Zemaityte, G.; Zemla, A.; Zeng, J. C.; Zeng, Q.; Zenin, O.; Ženiš, T.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, P.; Zhang, R.; Zhang, R.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, X.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, Z.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zhou, B.; Zhou, C.; Zhou, L.; Zhou, M.; Zhou, M.; Zhou, N.; Zhu, C. G.; Zhu, H.; Zhu, J.; Zhu, Y.; Zhuang, X.; Zhukov, K.; Zibell, A.; Zieminska, D.; Zimine, N. I.; Zimmermann, C.; Zimmermann, S.; Zinonos, Z.; Zinser, M.; Ziolkowski, M.; Živković, L.; Zobernig, G.; Zoccoli, A.; Zou, R.; Zur Nedden, M.; Zwalinski, L.; Atlas Collaboration

2018-02-01

A detailed study of multiparticle azimuthal correlations is presented using p p data at √{s }=5.02 and 13 TeV, and p +Pb data at √{sNN}=5.02 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The azimuthal correlations are probed using four-particle cumulants cn{4 } and flow coefficients vn{4 } =(-cn{4 } ) 1 /4 for n =2 and 3, with the goal of extracting long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlation signals and suppressing the short-range correlations. The values of cn{4 } are obtained as a function of the average number of charged particles per event, Nch>">Nch, using the recently proposed two-subevent and three-subevent cumulant methods, and compared with results obtained with the standard cumulant method. The standard method is found to be strongly biased by short-range correlations, which originate mostly from jets with a positive contribution to cn{4 } . The three-subevent method, on the other hand, is found to be least sensitive to short-range correlations. The three-subevent method gives a negative c2{4 } , and therefore a well-defined v2{4 } , nearly independent of multiparticle azimuthal correlations persist to events with low multiplicity. Furthermore, v2{4 } is found to be smaller than the v2{2 } measured using the two-particle correlation method, as expected for long-range collective behavior. Finally, the measured values of v2{4 } and v2{2 } are used to estimate the number of sources relevant for the initial eccentricity in the collision geometry. The results based on the subevent cumulant technique provide direct evidence, in small collision systems, for a long-range collectivity involving many particles distributed across a broad rapidity interval.

Measurements of the osmotic pressure in liquid mixtures of 3He and 4He near the lambda line and tricritical point

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gearhart, C.A. Jr.

1977-01-01

Values of the concentration susceptibility (par. deltax/par. deltaΔ)/sub T,P/ near the lambda line and tricritical point in liquid mixtures of 3He and 4 He were calculated from measurements of osmotic pressure differences. Measurements were made by inducing a small 3 He mole fraction difference Δx between two chambrs separated by a pressure transducer, and measuring the resulting osmotic pressure difference as a function of temperature

Electron loss mechanisms in collisions of He+ ions with various targets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sant'Anna, M.M.; Melo, W.S.; Santos, A.C.F.; Sigaud, G.M.; Montenegro, E.C.

1995-01-01

The electron loss of high-velocity ions by neutral atoms is due to two different and competing mechanisms. In the screening mode, the electron loss is basically due to the nucleus-electron interaction, with the target electrons assuming the passive role of decreasing the Coulomb field of the target nucleus in the vicinity of the projectile active electron. For a fixed projectile velocity, this contribution is expected to give a non-linear dependence with the target atomic number Z 2 due to the incomplete screening at the impact parameter region where the projectile ionization is more likely to occur. Within first-order theories, if the screening is completely absent, the expected dependence would be Z 2 2 ; with screening, it should scale between Z 2 and Z 2 2 . On the other hand, in the antiscreening mode, where the loss is due to the action of the target electrons and the target nucleus plays no active role, the expected dependence would be approximately linear with Z 2 . Thus, for first-order theories, the expected overall dependence with Z 2 would be dominated by the screening mode as Z 2 increases. We have measured total electron-loss cross sections of He + ions impinging upon He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe targets in the energy range from 1.0 to 4.0 MeV to complement previous measurements and the results point towards a much smaller contribution from the screening mode than expected from first-order theories, possibly due to a saturation effect manifested only in the screening channel. (orig.)

The static structure factor of liquid 4He: some new aspects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khalil, K.Y.

1986-08-01

The thesis is concerned with three complementary problems. The first deals with a new interpretation of the elusive nature of the roton. This is motivated by the observation that the 'rotonic' minimum in the dispersion curve, which is intimately related to the principal peak of the static structure factor, is a common feature not only for He II but also for He I and almost all other condensed systems. The second problem concerns the precise asymptotic behaviour of the pair correlation function for liquid sup 4 He, whose Fourier transform is essentially the long-wavelength liquid structure factor. The third problem deals with the implications of this new formulation as related to Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity, as well as to other physical properties of the system. The thesis concludes with a partial list of open problems and with two possible extensions, including a complete development of an exceedingly simple method for determining the second virial coefficient of the sup 4 He gas over a wide temperature range. 122 refs., 2 figs., 5 tabs. (A.M.H)

Analysis for In-situ Fission Rate Measurements using 4He Gas Scintillation Detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lewis, Jason M.; Raetz, Dominik; Jordan, Kelly A.; Murer, David

2013-06-01

Active neutron interrogation is a powerful NDA technique that relies on detecting and analyzing fission neutrons produced in a fuel sample by an interrogating high neutron flux. 4 He scintillation gas fast neutron detectors are investigated in this paper for use in a novel fission rate measurement technique The He-4 detectors have excellent gamma rejection, a fast response time, and give significant information on incident neutron energy allowing for energy cuts to be applied to the detected signal. These features are shown in this work to allow for the detection of prompt fission neutrons in-situ during active neutron interrogation of a 238 U sample. The energy spectrum from three different neutrons sources ( 252 Cf, AmBe, AmLi) is measured using the 4 He detection system and analyzed. An initial response matrix for the detector is determined using these measurements and the kinematic interaction properties of the elastic scattering with the 4 He. (authors)

4He(γ,dd and 3He(γ,pd reactions in nonlocal covariant model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kasatkin Yu. A.

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Photonuclear reaction research is of great interest to obtain information about the structure of nuclei. The investigation of structural effects requires certain insights into the reaction mechanisms, that have to be identified on the basis of the fundamental principles of covariance and gauge invariance. The major achievement of the chosen model is the ability to reproduce the cross-section dependence using the minimal necessary set of parameters. We analyze the two-particle disintegration of 3He nuclei by photons. Our interest was raised by the fact that 3He is the simplest many-particle system which admits an exact solutions. We also consider the process 4He(γ, dd. This process comes at the expense of the quadrupole absorption of γ-rays, while the dipole transition is suppressed. This property is a consequence of the isospin selection as well as the identity of the particles in the final state. Obtained results describe the energy range from threshold (20 MeV to 140 MeV. Therefore, the model mentioned in the paper has the peculiarity to be valid not only for the low-energy regime, but also for higher energies. Present paper is devoted to determine the roles of different reaction mechanisms and to solve problems above.

Lieb-Liniger-like model of quantum solvation in CO-4HeN clusters

Science.gov (United States)

Farrelly, D.; Iñarrea, M.; Lanchares, V.; Salas, J. P.

2016-05-01

Small 4He clusters doped with various molecules allow for the study of "quantum solvation" as a function of cluster size. A peculiarity of quantum solvation is that, as the number of 4He atoms is increased from N = 1, the solvent appears to decouple from the molecule which, in turn, appears to undergo free rotation. This is generally taken to signify the onset of "microscopic superfluidity." Currently, little is known about the quantum mechanics of the decoupling mechanism, mainly because the system is a quantum (N + 1)-body problem in three dimensions which makes computations difficult. Here, a one-dimensional model is studied in which the 4He atoms are confined to revolve on a ring and encircle a rotating CO molecule. The Lanczos algorithm is used to investigate the eigenvalue spectrum as the number of 4He atoms is varied. Substantial solvent decoupling is observed for as few as N = 5 4He atoms. Examination of the Hamiltonian matrix, which has an almost block diagonal structure, reveals increasingly weak inter-block (solvent-molecule) coupling as the number of 4He atoms is increased. In the absence of a dopant molecule the system is similar to a Lieb-Liniger (LL) gas and we find a relatively rapid transition to the LL limit as N is increased. In essence, the molecule initially—for very small N—provides a central, if relatively weak, attraction to organize the cluster; as more 4He atoms are added, the repulsive interactions between the identical bosons start to dominate as the solvation ring (shell) becomes more crowded which causes the molecule to start to decouple. For low N, the molecule pins the atoms in place relative to itself; as N increases the atom-atom repulsion starts to dominate the Hamiltonian and the molecule decouples. We conclude that, while the notion of superfluidity is a useful and correct description of the decoupling process, a molecular viewpoint provides complementary insights into the quantum mechanism of the transition from a molecular

Specific heat near the Lambda point in 4He and 3He- 4He mixtures: test of universality of the critical exponent and the amplitude ratio, and observation of the critical-tricritical crossover effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takada, T.; Watanabe, T.

1980-01-01

The specific heat under saturated vapor pressure of pure 4 He and of six 3 He- 4 He mixtures up to X=0.545 was measured in the temperature range 3 x 10 -6 -2 K. The critical exponents α/sub phi/ and α'/sub phi/ along the path phi=phi/sub lambda/ are independent of X up to X=0.545, where phi(=μ 3 -μ 4 ) is the difference between chemical potentials. If we take account of higher order terms, the exponent α/sub phi/(=α'/sub phi/) and the amplitude ratio A/sub //A'are independent of X up to X=0.545. The values of α/sub phi/ and A/sub //A'/sub phi/ are -0.023 and 1.090, respectively. The critical-tricriticall crossover effect was observed for X=0.545 and the boundary of crossover region closest to the critical region was at theta/T/sub lambda/1(times)=10 -4 , where theta is the distance Vertical BarT-T/sub lambda/Vertical Bar along the path phi=phi/sub lambda/. This value is in good agreement with the estimated value by Riedel et al. But, remarkably, in the case of X=0.439 this effect was not observed

Contactless friction and the {sup 3}He-{sup 4}He dimer. Studies with the atomic-beam spin-echo spectrometer; Kontaktlose Reibung und das {sup 3}He-{sup 4}He-Dimer. Untersuchungen mit dem Atomstrahlspinechospektrometer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Janke, Matthias

2016-04-20

In this thesis the time of flight resolved atomic beam spin echo method (SEToF) is applied to a {sup 3}He-beam for the first time and studied systematically. This method is shown to be superior to the usual atomic beam spin echo technique. With SEToF it is possible to almost completely remove unpolarized background and to reach a beam polarisation close to 100%. The SEToF technique is shown to be crucial for the first experimental proof of the existence of the {sup 3}He-{sup 4}He dimer. This dimer is the weakest bound van-der-Waals-molecule known to date. Furthermore, a drag force between an atom and a dielectric surface is detected originating from the fluctuating dipole moment of the atom. Not only the measured friction coefficients match their theoretical predictions perfectly, but our data also shows the correct temperature dependence. A great many technological renewals and improvements were installed in the apparatus during this thesis work. They have become necessary or sensible due to the relocation of the physics institute. A few of them are documented and motivated in this thesis.

Construction of a 400 kV accelerator plant with a measuring apparatus for the investigation of nuclear reactions and testing of the Barshay-Temmer isospin theorem by the reaction 3H(3He,d)4He at energies E(3He) < 840 keV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quast, U.

1973-01-01

In order to test the Barshay-Temmer isospin theorem by the reaction 3 H( 3 He,d) 4 He, the angular distributions of the relative differential cross section were recorded at anti E 3 = 291, 369, 600 and 800 keV using a solid Ti-tritium target. A d-p discrimination enabled a practically background-free detection of the deuterons. The relative errors were of 0.5% to 3%. A 400 kV Sames accelerator plant was equiped and supplemented by an ion beam conducting system and energy analyser system. The angular distributions are almost symmetrical around 90 0 in the centre of gravity system at all energies. By developing according to Legendre polynomials, the small forward-backward asymmetry could be determined which has its greatest value Wsub(max) = -0.013 +- 0.005 at anti E 3 sub(He) = 291 keV. The possible causes for the found violation of the Barstray-Temmer theorem are discussed. Using a simple model of the isospin mixture of two states, the results of this work can be described as interferences in the transition over an isospin allowed (Jsup(π),T) = (1 - ,0) and an overlapping, forbidden (2 + ,1) state in the compound nucleus 6 Li whose positions and widths can be estimated to be from the cross section course of the reaction Esub(x)( 6 Li) approximately 17 MeV, Gamma approximately 1.6 MeV, Jsup(π) = 1 - , T = 0, Esub(x)( 6 Li) approximately 16.2 MeV, Gamma approximately 0.5 MeV, Jsup(π) = 2 + , T = 1. (orig./LH) [de

The construction of a Pomeranchuk cell driven by a 4He-circulating dilution refrigerator and some related experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brandt, B. van den.

1981-01-01

This thesis deals with some investigations at very low temperatures in which a 4 He-circulating 3 He- 4 He dilution refrigerator and a Pomeranchuk cooling device are used. The main theme is the design and construction of a special device, a Pomeranchuk cell that is precooled and pressurized with a 4 He-circulating 3 He- 4 He dilution refrigerator, that can be used to obtain a lowest temperature of the order of 1.1 mK. Furthermore, some details of the working of such a dilution refrigerator and some properties of 3 He- 4 He mixtures at high pressures were investigated. (Auth.)

Red nucleus and rubrospinal tract disorganization in the absence of Pou4f1

Science.gov (United States)

Martinez-Lopez, Jesus E.; Moreno-Bravo, Juan A.; Madrigal, M. Pilar; Martinez, Salvador; Puelles, Eduardo

2015-01-01

The red nucleus (RN) is a neuronal population that plays an important role in forelimb motor control and locomotion. Histologically it is subdivided into two subpopulations, the parvocellular RN (pRN) located in the diencephalon and the magnocellular RN (mRN) in the mesencephalon. The RN integrates signals from motor cortex and cerebellum and projects to spinal cord interneurons and motor neurons through the rubrospinal tract (RST). Pou4f1 is a transcription factor highly expressed in this nucleus that has been related to its specification. Here we profoundly analyzed consequences of Pou4f1 loss-of-function in development, maturation and axonal projection of the RN. Surprisingly, RN neurons are specified and maintained in the mutant, no cell death was detected. Nevertheless, the nucleus appeared disorganized with a strong delay in radial migration and with a wider neuronal distribution; the neurons did not form a compacted population as they do in controls, Robo1 and Slit2 were miss-expressed. Cplx1 and Npas1, expressed in the RN, are transcription factors involved in neurotransmitter release, neuronal maturation and motor function processes among others. In our mutant mice, both transcription factors are lost, suggesting an abnormal maturation of the RN. The resulting altered nucleus occupied a wider territory. Finally, we examined RST development and found that the RN neurons were able to project to the spinal cord but their axons appeared defasciculated. These data suggest that Pou4f1 is necessary for the maturation of RN neurons but not for their specification and maintenance. PMID:25698939

Study of Interaction of Low-Energy Antiprotons with H$^{2}$,He$^{3}$,He$^{4}$,Ne-Nuclei Using a Streamer Chamber in Magnetic Field

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

The aim of this experiment is the systematic study of the interaction between low-energy antiprotons and the H|2,~He|3,~He|4,~Ne-nuclei using a self shunted streamer chamber in a magnetic field exposed to the antiproton beam of the LEAR facility. The properties of the self shunted streamer chamber, which allows the use of the filling gas (hydrogen, helium, neon at a pressure of l~atm) as a target, permit to carry out experiments also in the very low-energy region. \\\\ \\\\ The experimental apparatus is suitable for a large programme of measurements. We plan to measure the @*H|2 cross section and the spectator momentum distributions at @* momenta lower than 250~MeV/c, where data are lacking. It is interesting to study for the first time the @*He|3 and @*He|4 interactions measuring the cross sections and the emitted particle distributions. Among other things the knowledge of the branching ratio of the @*He|4 annihilation channels clarifies some open cosmological questions. The study of the process of nuclear absor...

Momentum loss in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khan, F.; Townsend, L.W.

1993-12-01

An optical model description, based on multiple scattering theory, of longitudinal momentum loss in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions is presented. The crucial role of the imaginary component of the nucleon-nucleon transition matrix in accounting for longitudinal momentum transfer is demonstrated. Results obtained with this model are compared with Intranuclear Cascade (INC) calculations, as well as with predictions from Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (VUU) and quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) simulations. Comparisons are also made with experimental data where available. These indicate that the present model is adequate to account for longitudinal momentum transfer in both proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions over a wide range of energies

Remarks on the spectral theory for the multiparticle-type Schrodinger operator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yafaev, D.R.

1985-01-01

Mourre's method is used to prove the limiting absorption principle for the multiparticle Schrodinger operator under the same assumptions on the pair potentials as in the two-particle problem. It is shown that at high energies this principle is valid under wider conditions than on the whole spectral axis. The scattering theory for a Schrodinger operator whose potential decays at infinity in an essentially anisotropic manner is constructed in analogy with the three-particle problem

On the dynamical fluctuations in the multiparticle final states of $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions

CERN Document Server

Liu, F; Liu, L

1999-01-01

The scaling property of factorial moments in the multiparticle final- states of e/sup +/e/sup -/ collisions is studied in both the laboratory and the thrust-axis coordinate systems by using the Jetset generator. It turns out that in both of the two cases, the 3- dimensional lnF/sub 2/~lnM are approximately straight lines when the phase space are divided isotropically in different directions, showing that the dynamical fluctuations in the multiparticle final- state of e/sup +/e/sup $/collisions are approximately isotropic. In the lab system, the three gamma parameters obtained by fitting F/sub 2/~M of p/sub x/, p/sub y/, p/sub z/ to Ochs formula respectively are approximately equal. In the thrust system, the three gamma values obtained by fitting F/sub 2/(y)~M, F/sub 2/(p/sub t/)~M and F/sub 2/( phi )~M are also close to each other provided the starting point in fitting F/sub 2/( phi )~M is chosen appropriately. All of these provide further evidence for the above assertion. Our results show that the essential ...

Gersch-Rodriguez-Smith computation of deep inelastic electron scattering on 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Viviani, M.; Kievsky, A.; Rinat, A.S.

2003-01-01

We compute cross sections for inclusive scattering of high-energy electrons on 4 He, based on the two lowest orders of the Gersch-Rodriguez-Smith series. The required one- and two-particle density matrices are obtained from nonrelativistic 4 He wave functions using realistic models for the nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon interaction. The computed results for E=3.6 GeV agree well with the NE3 SLAC-Virginia data

HADRONIC SCATTERING IN THE COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

VENUGOPALAN, R.

2005-05-15

Multi-particle production in QCD is dominated by higher twist contributions. The operator product expansion is not very effective here because the number of relevant operators grow rapidly with increasing twist. The Color Glass Condensate (CGC) provides a framework in QCD to systematically discuss ''classical'' (multiple scattering) and ''quantum'' evolution (shadowing) effects in multi-particle production. The apparently insuperable problem of nucleus-nucleus scattering in QCD simplifies greatly in the CGC. A few examples are discussed with emphasis on open problems.

Quantum Evaporation from Liquid 4He by Rotons

Science.gov (United States)

Hope, F. R.; Baird, M. J.; Wyatt, A. F. G.

1984-04-01

We have shown that rotons as well as phonons can evaporate 4He atoms in a single-quantum process. Measurements of the time of flight and the angular distribution of the evaporated atoms clearly distinguish between evaporation by phonons and rotons. The results indicate that energy and the parallel component of momentum are conserved at the free liquid surface.

Juvenile helium in ancient rocks: II. U-He,K-Ar, Sm-Nd, and Rb-Sr systematics in the Monche Pluton. 3He/4He ratios frozen in uranium-free ultramafic rocks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tolstikhin, I.N.; Dokuchaeva, V.S.; Kamensky, I.L.; Amelin, Yu.V.

1992-01-01

The important geodynamic parameter, the 3 He/ 4 He ratio in rocks and fluids of the continental crust, is generally decreasing from the mantle values (≅ 10 -5 ) to the radiogenic ratio (≅ 10 -8 ) on the time scale of about 1 Ga or less. However, the ratios, observed in some ancient rocks and minerals, are much higher than the radiogenic value due to a preferential retention of trapped He, when compared with radiogenic helium and/or a low U/ 3 He ratio in a sample. The distribution of He, Ar, Nd, and Sr isotopes, K, Rb, Sm, and U in ultrabasic rocks, in rock-forming minerals, in ores from the 2.49 Ga Monche Pluton, and in basic rocks of the Main Range (the Kola Peninsula) enables one to distinguish sources of the rocks and trapped fluids and outline some peculiarities of petrogenetic and fluid processes. The initial values of var-epsilon Nd (T) = -0.9 ± 0.5 , 87 Sr/ 86 Sr(T) = 0.7021 ± 0.0002, for the 2.49 Ga Monche Pluton are rather similar to these for other layered intrusions of the Baltic Shield. They differ considerably from the model values for the depleted 2.5 Ga old mantle. The observed and rather different sources of 3 He and 4 He as well as the considerable constancy of their ratio in different minerals, separated from both the ultramafic rocks and gabbros, implies: (1) an intensive process of mixing between mantle and crustal components: a melt convection in the chamber may have occurred; (2) the two types of rocks could originate by crystallization differentiation of one and the same melt. Practically all 3 He and 4 He are concentrated in secondary amphiboles; hence the fluid which stimulated the metamorphic process was probably released from the ultramafite-bearing melt

Emission spectra of Rb*Hen exciplexes in a cold 4He gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirano, K.; Enomoto, K.; Kumakura, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Yabuzaki, T.

2003-01-01

We report on the systematic observation of emission spectra of Rb * He n exciplexes (n=1,2,...,6), realized by exciting Rb atoms to the 5 2 P states (Rb * ) in a cold 4 He gas. The observed broad spectral components are assigned to Rb * He n (n=1-6) using theoretical spectra obtained from ab initio potential curves. The dynamics of the exciplex formation is discussed, based on the observed temperature dependence of the spectra. The He gas density dependence of the spectra of Rb * He is understood as a change in the population distribution over the vibrational levels. The present results are compared with our previous work with Cs [K. Enomoto et al., Phys. Rev. A 66, 042505 (2002)], and differences are explained in terms of the difference in the fine-structure splitting. Furthermore, we show the emission spectrum observed after the excitation of Rb in liquid He and conclude that it is the fluorescence from the exciplex Rb * He 6

High energy neutron recoil scattering from liquid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holt, R.S.; Needham, L.M.; Paoli, M.P.

1987-10-01

The neutron recoil scattering from liquid 4 He at 4.2 K and 1.6 K has been observed for a momentum transfer of 150 A -1 using the Electron Volt Spectrometer on the pulsed neutron source, ISIS. The experiment yielded mean atomic kinetic energy values = 14.8 +- 3 K at 4.2 K and = 14.6 +- 3.2 K at 1.6 K in good agreement with values obtained at lower momentum transfers. (author)

Mechanisms of High Energy Hadron-Nucleus and Nucleus-Nucleus Collision Processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strugalski, Z.

1994-01-01

Mechanisms of high energy hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collision processes are depicted qualitatively, as prompted experimentally. In hadron-nucleus collisions the interaction of the incident hadron in intranuclear matter is localized in small cylindrical volume, with the radius as large as the strong interaction range is, centered on the hadron course in the nucleus. The nucleon emission is induced by the hadron in its passing through the nucleus; particles are produced via intermediate objects produced in 2 → 2 endoergic reactions of the hadron and its successors with downstream nucleons. In nucleus-nucleus collisions, the outcome of the reaction appears as the composition of statistically independent hadron-nucleus collision outcomes at various impact parameters. Observable effects supporting such mechanisms are discussed. 51 refs

Multifractal structure of multiparticle production in the branching models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiu, C.B.; Hwa, R.C.

1990-01-01

A procedure is described for the multifractal analysis of data on multiparticle production obtained at high energy either in experiment or in Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown how the spectrum f(α) of the rapidity-density index α can be determined from the multiplicity fluctuation of the rapidity distribution, as the resolution is changed. The branching model is used to illustrate the procedure. It is found that the φ 3 model has a narrower f(α) than the gluon model, suggesting that multifractality is a useful arena for confrontation between theory and experiment. 13 refs., 2 figs

Multiparticle production in a two-component dual parton model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aurenche, P.; Bopp, F.W.; Capella, A.; Kwiecinski, J.; Maire, M.; Ranft, J.; Tran Thanh Van, J.

1992-01-01

The dual parton model (DPM) describes soft and semihard multiparticle production. The version of the DPM presented in this paper includes soft and hard mechanisms as well as diffractive processes. The model is formulated as a Monte Carlo event generator. We calculate in this model, in the energy range of the hadron colliders, rapidity distributions and the rise of the rapidity plateau with the collision energy, transverse-momentum distributions and the rise of average transverse momenta with the collision energy, multiplicity distributions in different pseudorapidity regions, and transverse-energy distributions. For most of these quantities we find a reasonable agreement with experimental data

[Colocalization of nucleoli in cell nuclei of HeLa line].

Science.gov (United States)

Petrov, Iu P; Neguliaev, Iu A; Tsupkina, N V

2014-01-01

The pattern of localization of nucleoli relative to each other and to cell nucleus was studied in M-HeLa cell line. For this puspose, the following morphometric parameters were introduced. For the two-nucleolar cells: 1) the ratio of the nucleus long axis to the length of a segment between the centers of the nucleoli, and 2) the angle between the segment connecting the centers of the nucleoli and a longitudinal axis of cell nucleus. For the three-nucleolar cells: the ratio perimeter of the nucleus to perimeter of a triangle with vertexes in the centre of nucleoli. We have shown that the values of these parameters are individual for each cell but their values remain constant for the cell in spite of the changes in cell shape. These results allow us to conclude that, on the one hand, the nucleoli colocalization is individual for each cell, and, on the other hand, location of nucleoli in relation to nucleus is not changed during interphase. Thereby, the distance between nucleoli increases proportionally with nucleus growth.

Dynamics of photoexcited Ba+ cations in 4He nanodroplets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona (Spain))" data-affiliation=" (Departament ECM, Facultat de Física, and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona (Spain))" >Leal, Antonio; 2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona (Spain))" data-affiliation=" (Departament ECM, Facultat de Física, and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona (Spain))" >Pi, Martí; Zhang, Xiaohang; Drabbels, Marcel; 2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona (Spain); Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, UMR 5589, CNRS et Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 (France))" data-affiliation=" (Departament ECM, Facultat de Física, and IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona (Spain); Laboratoire des Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité, IRSAMC, UMR 5589, CNRS et Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 (France))" >Barranco, Manuel; Cargnoni, Fausto; Hernando, Alberto; Mateo, David; Mella, Massimo

2016-01-01

We present a joint experimental and theoretical study on the desolvation of Ba + cations in 4 He nanodroplets excited via the 6p ← 6s transition. The experiments reveal an efficient desolvation process yielding mainly bare Ba + cations and Ba + He n exciplexes with n = 1 and 2. The speed distributions of the ions are well described by Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions with temperatures ranging from 60 to 178 K depending on the excitation frequency and Ba + He n exciplex size. These results have been analyzed by calculations based on a time-dependent density functional description for the helium droplet combined with classical dynamics for the Ba + . In agreement with experiment, the calculations reveal the dynamical formation of exciplexes following excitation of the Ba + cation. In contrast to experimental observation, the calculations do not reveal desolvation of excited Ba + cations or exciplexes, even when relaxation pathways to lower lying states are included.

EphB4 localises to the nucleus of prostate cancer cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mertens-Walker, Inga; Lisle, Jessica E.; Nyberg, William A.; Stephens, Carson R.; Burke, Leslie; Rutkowski, Raphael; Herington, Adrian C.; Stephenson, Sally-Anne

2015-01-01

The EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase is over-expressed in a variety of different epithelial cancers including prostate where it has been shown to be involved in survival, migration and angiogenesis. We report here that EphB4 also resides in the nucleus of prostate cancer cell lines. We used in silico methods to identify a bipartite nuclear localisation signal (NLS) in the extracellular domain and a monopartite NLS sequence in the intracellular kinase domain of EphB4. To determine whether both putative NLS sequences were functional, fragments of the EphB4 sequence containing each NLS were cloned to create EphB4NLS-GFP fusion proteins. Localisation of both NLS-GFP proteins to the nuclei of transfected cells was observed, demonstrating that EphB4 contains two functional NLS sequences. Mutation of the key amino residues in both NLS sequences resulted in diminished nuclear accumulation. As nuclear translocation is often dependent on importins we confirmed that EphB4 and importin-α can interact. To assess if nuclear EphB4 could be implicated in gene regulatory functions potential EphB4-binding genomic loci were identified using chromatin immunoprecipitation and Lef1 was confirmed as a potential target of EphB4-mediated gene regulation. These novel findings add further complexity to the biology of this important cancer-associated receptor. - Highlights: • The EphB4 protein can be found in the nucleus of prostate cancer cell lines. • EphB4 contains two functional nuclear localisation signals. • Chromatin immunoprecipitation has identified potential genome sequences to which EphB4 binds. • Lef1 is a confirmed target for EphB4-mediated gene regulation

EphB4 localises to the nucleus of prostate cancer cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mertens-Walker, Inga, E-mail: inga.mertenswalker@qut.edu.au [Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia); Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre—Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD (Australia); Lisle, Jessica E. [Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia); Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre—Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD (Australia); Nyberg, William A. [Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia); Stephens, Carson R. [Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia); Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre—Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD (Australia); Burke, Leslie [Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia); Rutkowski, Raphael; Herington, Adrian C.; Stephenson, Sally-Anne [Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD (Australia); Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre—Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD (Australia)

2015-04-10

The EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase is over-expressed in a variety of different epithelial cancers including prostate where it has been shown to be involved in survival, migration and angiogenesis. We report here that EphB4 also resides in the nucleus of prostate cancer cell lines. We used in silico methods to identify a bipartite nuclear localisation signal (NLS) in the extracellular domain and a monopartite NLS sequence in the intracellular kinase domain of EphB4. To determine whether both putative NLS sequences were functional, fragments of the EphB4 sequence containing each NLS were cloned to create EphB4NLS-GFP fusion proteins. Localisation of both NLS-GFP proteins to the nuclei of transfected cells was observed, demonstrating that EphB4 contains two functional NLS sequences. Mutation of the key amino residues in both NLS sequences resulted in diminished nuclear accumulation. As nuclear translocation is often dependent on importins we confirmed that EphB4 and importin-α can interact. To assess if nuclear EphB4 could be implicated in gene regulatory functions potential EphB4-binding genomic loci were identified using chromatin immunoprecipitation and Lef1 was confirmed as a potential target of EphB4-mediated gene regulation. These novel findings add further complexity to the biology of this important cancer-associated receptor. - Highlights: • The EphB4 protein can be found in the nucleus of prostate cancer cell lines. • EphB4 contains two functional nuclear localisation signals. • Chromatin immunoprecipitation has identified potential genome sequences to which EphB4 binds. • Lef1 is a confirmed target for EphB4-mediated gene regulation.

Atomic interaction with quantum fluid clusters: cross-jet deflection of 3He- and 4He-clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gspann, J.; Vollmar, H.

1977-01-01

The authors have studied earlier the velocity dependence of the total scattering of Cs atomic beams by 4 He-cluster beams, in comparison with corresponding experiments with N 2 - and Ne-cluster beams. Only with the 4 He-cluster beams a deficiency in the effective total scattering compared to the expected behaviour has been observed which was largest near 200 m/s of relative velocity. However, it is difficult to estimate, and therefore still a matter of investigation, to which extent this effect could be attributed to the presence of a small amount of uncondensed helium atoms in the cluster beam. In this paper a first account is given on an experimental study of the drag coefficients in free molecular flow of helium clusters of either isotope. The drag coefficients describe the respective efficiencies of linear momentum transfer onto the clusters and are found to be appreciably lower for helium than for nitrogen clusters which is ascribed to the fluidity of the helium clusters. (Auth.)

Effective number of inelastically interacting nucleons in rare nucleus-nucleus production processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korotkikh, V.L.; Lokhtin, I.P.

1992-01-01

A model of nucleus-nucleus interaction using one inelastic NN-interaction is suggested for the exclusive production processes with small cross-section. A-dependence nuclear coherent and incoherent production cross-section are predicted. 20 refs.; 4 figs

Diffusion of πsup(+-) mesons on D, 3He, 4He with a streamer self-shunted camera in a magnetic field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atanasov, A.; Angelescu, T.; Balea, O.; Balestra, F.; Busso, L.; Garfagnini, R.

1975-01-01

A streamer self-shunted camera has been developed with the study of interactions of πsup(+-) mesons on D, 3 He, 4 He. The camera can operate at high beam currents (10 sup(5)/10sup(6)ssup(-1)), so processes with small cross sections can be studied

Measurement of multi-particle azimuthal correlations in pp, p + Pb and low-multiplicity Pb + Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aaboud, M. [Univ. Mohamed Premier et LPTPM, Oujda (Morocco). Faculte des Sciences; Aad, G. [CPPM, Aix-Marseille Univ. et CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille (France); Abbott, B. [Oklahoma Univ., Norman, OK (United States). Homer L. Dodge Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Collaboration: ATLAS Collaboration; and others

2017-06-15

Multi-particle cumulants and corresponding Fourier harmonics are measured for azimuthal angle distributions of charged particles in pp collisions at √(s) = 5.02 and 13 TeV and in p + Pb collisions at √(s{sub NN}) = 5.02 TeV, and compared to the results obtained for low-multiplicity Pb + Pb collisions at √(s{sub NN}) = 2.76 TeV. These measurements aim to assess the collective nature of particle production. The measurements of multi-particle cumulants confirm the evidence for collective phenomena in p + Pb and low-multiplicity Pb + Pb collisions. On the other hand, the pp results for four-particle cumulants do not demonstrate collective behaviour, indicating that they may be biased by contributions from non-flow correlations. A comparison of multi-particle cumulants and derived Fourier harmonics across different collision systems is presented as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity. For a given multiplicity, the measured Fourier harmonics are largest in Pb + Pb, smaller in p + Pb and smallest in pp results show no dependence on the collision energy, nor on the multiplicity. (orig.)

Antiproton production in nucleon-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN-SPS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kadija, K.; Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.

1996-01-01

A model for antiproton production in nucleon-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon, based on the wounded nucleon model is developed. The predictions are compared to published nucleon-nucleus and sulphur-nucleus data. The results suggest the presence of similar antiproton production processes in nucleon-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions near midrapidity. (orig.)

High-momentum excitations in liquid He4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parlinski, K.

1973-01-01

The dynamic structure factor of liquid He 4 is calculated on the basis of four moments. One of the functions, which corresponds to the centre of main distribution observed by the neutron scattering method, exhibits oscillatory deviations from the energy of free helium atoms. These oscillations have been found to be in good agreement with the experimental data of Cowley and Woods. The width of the same distribution, approximated by the Gaussian form, is also estimated and general agreement is established. (author)

Nucleus-nucleus total reaction cross sections

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

DeVries, R.M.; Peng, J.C.

1980-01-01

We compare sigma/sub R/(E) for nucleus-nucleus systems (obtained from existing direct measurements and derived from elastic scattering data) with nucleon-nucleon and nucleon-nucleus data. The energy dependence of sigma/sub R/(E) for nucleus-nucleus systems is found to be quite rapid; there appears to be no evidence for an energy independent, geometric sigma/sub R/. Simple parameter free microscopic calculations are able to quantitatively reproduce the data and thus, emphasize the dominance of nucleon-nucleon interactions in medium energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

Path-integral theory of the scattering of 4He atoms at the surface of liquid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Swanson, D.R.; Edwards, D.O.

1988-01-01

The path-integral theory of the scattering of a 4 He atom near the free surface of liquid 4 He, which was originally formulated by Echenique and Pendry, has been recalculated with use of a physically realistic static potential and atom-ripplon interaction outside the liquid. The static potential and atom-ripplon interaction are based on the variational calculation of Edwards and Fatouros. An important assumption in the path-integral theory is the ''impulse approximation'': that the motion of the scattered atom is very fast compared with the motion of the surface due to ripplons. This is found to be true only for ripplons with wave vectors smaller than q/sub m/∼0.2 A/sup -1/. If ripplons above q/sub m/ made an important contribution to the scattering of the atom there would be a substantial dependence of the elastic reflection coefficient on the angle of incidence of the atom. Since this is not observed experimentally, it is argued that ripplons above q/sub m/ give a negligible effect and should be excluded from the calculation. With this modification the theory gives a good fit to the experimental reflection coefficient as a function of the momentum and angle of incidence of the atom. The new version of the theory indicates that there is a substantial probability that an atom may reach the surface of the liquid without exciting any ripplons. The theory is not valid when the atom enters the liquid but analysis of the experiments shows that, once inside the liquid, the atom has a negligible chance of being scattered out again

Density and polarizability of liquid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kempin'ski, V.; Zhuk, T.; Stankovski, Ya.; Sitarzh, S.

1988-01-01

The temperature changes in the density of liquid helium are measured in the temperature range of 1.63 to 4.2 K.; Unlike the conventional pycnometric technique, the changes in the hydrostatic displacement of the liquid were determined. The cirrectness of the method chosen and the appropriate equipment for its realization are substantiated. The results obtained are in good agreement with those of other authors. On the basis of temperature measurements of the dependence of density ρ and permittivity ε, the dependence of polarizability A of liquid 4 He on temperature and density was calculated. The results obtained show an alternating character of the dependences A(T) and A(ρ). These dependences are found to correlate

α4He elastic scattering at high energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Usmani, A.A.; Usmani, Q.N.

1988-03-01

Differential cross sections for α 4 He elastic scattering have been calculated at incident α particle momenta of 4.32, 5.07 and 7.0 GeV/c within the framework of the Glauber multiple scattering theory. The full Glauber amplitude is calculated using the Monte Carlo method for evaluating multidimensional integrals. We find that, in general, the more realistic double Gaussian model for the density brings theory closer to experiment as compared to the generally used single Gaussian model. Our results with the double Gaussian model are in fairly good agreement with the experimented data at 4.32 and 5.07 GeV/c. (author). 11 refs, 4 figs, 1 tab

Spin-polarized 3He nuclear targets and metastable 4He atoms by optical pumping with a tunable, Nd:YAP laser

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bohler, C.L.; Schearer, L.D.; Leduc, M.; Nacher, P.J.; Zachorowski, L.; Milner, R.G.; McKeown, R.D.; Woodward, C.E.

1988-01-01

Several Nd:YAP lasers were constructed which could be broadly tuned in the 1083-nm region which includes the helium 2 3 S-2 3 P transition, using a Lyot filter and thin, uncoated etalons within the laser cavity. 1 W of power could be extracted at 1083 nm through a 1% transmitting output coupler. This laser beam was used to optically pump metastable 4 He and 3 He 2 3 S helium atoms in a weak discharge cell, spin polarizing the metastable ensemble. In a 3 He cell the polarization is transferred to the nuclear spin system. A 3 He target cell at 0.3 Torr was polarized to 52% in a few minutes. We describe the application of this system to the design of polarized targets for experiments in nuclear physics

Measurement of excitation functions and isomeric ratios of the reactions 103Rh(3He, xn) sup(106-x)Ag where x=2, 3 and 4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borges, A.M.

1981-01-01

The excitation functions and isomer ratios for the reactions 103 Rh( 3 He, xn) sup(106-x)Ag, where x=2, 3 and 4, were measured with projectile Lab energy varying from 23 to 35 MeV. Since the half-life of sup(103m)Ag is equal to 5.7 s. the use of a recoil nucleous gas jet transport system became necessary. The values measured for the cross-sections were compared to those yielded by the ALICE code. The experimental isomer ratios are smaller than those calculated using the residual nucleus spin distribution obtained with the ALICE code. By-pass fractions as expected in this mass region were also obtained. (Author) [pt

A multi-channel model for an α plus {sup 6}He nucleus cluster

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amos, K.; Karataglidis, S. [University of Melbourne, School of Physics, Victoria (Australia); University of Johannesburg, Department of Physics, Auckland Park (South Africa); Canton, L. [Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Padova (Italy); Fraser, P.R. [Curtin University, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Medical Radiation Sciences, Perth (Australia); Svenne, J.P. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, and Winnipeg Institute for Theoretical Physics, Winnipeg, MB (Canada); Van der Knijff, D. [University of Melbourne, School of Physics, Victoria (Australia)

2017-04-15

A multi-channel algebraic scattering (MCAS) method has been used to solve coupled sets of Lippmann-Schwinger equations for the α + {sup 6}He cluster system, so finding a model spectrum for {sup 10}Be to more than 10MeV excitation. Three states of {sup 6}He were included and the resonance character of the two excited states taken into account in finding solutions. A model Hamiltonian has been found that gives very good agreement with the known bound states and with some low-lying resonances of {sup 10}Be. More resonance states are predicted than those which have been observed as yet. The method also yields S-matrices which we have used to evaluate low-energy {sup 6}He-α scattering cross sections. Reasonable reproduction of low-energy differential cross sections and of energy variation of cross sections measured at fixed scattering angles have been found. Enlarging the channel space by including two higher energy states of {sup 6}He, assuming values for their spin-parities, leads to an enlarged spectrum for {sup 10}Be in which the number and distribution of resonances show similarity to the known spectrum. (orig.)

Entanglement and nonlocality in multi-particle systems

Science.gov (United States)

Reid, Margaret D.; He, Qiong-Yi; Drummond, Peter D.

2012-02-01

Entanglement, the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox and Bell's failure of local-hiddenvariable (LHV) theories are three historically famous forms of "quantum nonlocality". We give experimental criteria for these three forms of nonlocality in multi-particle systems, with the aim of better understanding the transition from microscopic to macroscopic nonlocality. We examine the nonlocality of N separated spin J systems. First, we obtain multipartite Bell inequalities that address the correlation between spin values measured at each site, and then we review spin squeezing inequalities that address the degree of reduction in the variance of collective spins. The latter have been particularly useful as a tool for investigating entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). We present solutions for two topical quantum states: multi-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states, and the ground state of a two-well BEC.

Spatial structure changes in 4He at fixed density as a function of temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wirth, F.W.; Ewen, D.A.; Hallock, R.B.

1983-01-01

X-ray scattering techniques have been used to determine changes in spatial order when cooling 4 He below T/sub lambda/ at several fixed values of the density. The results show surprisingly little density dependence and are relevant to the discussion of condensate fraction determinations in 4 He

MUPPATS: a multiparticle 3D imaging detector system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faibis, A.; Koenig, W.; Kanter, E.P.; Vager, Z.

1985-01-01

It has long been recognized that the foil-induced dissociation of fast molecular ions is a potentially powerful method to determine the stereochemical structures of the molecular projectiles. We have recently developed a detector system specifically designed for such experiments. The MUPPATS detector is a large-area multistep low pressure gas counter. The requirements of multiparticle detection with good position and time resolution leads to a rather complex data-readout and reduction scheme. The system relies on several state-of-the-art techniques, developed in high-energy physics during recent years, to dramatically reduce the cost of the MUPPATS detector. Preliminary results for several polyatomic molecular ions have already been obtained. Some new avenues of research opened up by this detector are also described

Toroidal high-spin isomers in the nucleus 304120

Science.gov (United States)

Staszczak, A.; Wong, Cheuk-Yin; Kosior, A.

2017-05-01

Background: Strongly deformed oblate superheavy nuclei form an intriguing region where the toroidal nuclear structures may bifurcate from the oblate spheroidal shape. The bifurcation may be facilitated when the nucleus is endowed with a large angular moment about the symmetry axis with I =Iz . The toroidal high-K isomeric states at their local energy minima can be theoretically predicted using the cranked self-consistent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method. Purpose: We use the cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method to predict the properties of the toroidal high-spin isomers in the superheavy nucleus 120304184. Method: Our method consists of three steps: First, we use the deformation-constrained Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach to search for the nuclear density distributions with toroidal shapes. Next, using these toroidal distributions as starting configurations, we apply an additional cranking constraint of a large angular momentum I =Iz about the symmetry z axis and search for the energy minima of the system as a function of the deformation. In the last step, if a local energy minimum with I =Iz is found, we perform at this point the cranked symmetry- and deformation-unconstrained Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculations to locate a stable toroidal high-spin isomeric state in free convergence. Results: We have theoretically located two toroidal high-spin isomeric states of 120304184 with an angular momentum I =Iz=81 ℏ (proton 2p-2h, neutron 4p-4h excitation) and I =Iz=208 ℏ (proton 5p-5h, neutron 8p-8h) at the quadrupole moment deformations Q20=-297.7 b and Q20=-300.8 b with energies 79.2 and 101.6 MeV above the spherical ground state, respectively. The nuclear density distributions of the toroidal high-spin isomers 120304184(Iz=81 ℏ and 208 ℏ ) have the maximum density close to the nuclear matter density, 0.16 fm-3, and a torus major to minor radius aspect ratio R /d =3.25 . Conclusions: We demonstrate that aligned angular momenta of Iz=81 ℏ and 208 ℏ arising from

Measurement of multi-particle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method with the ATLAS detector

CERN Document Server

Zhou, Mingliang; The ATLAS collaboration

2017-01-01

The measurement of four-particle cumulant and anisotropic elliptic flow coefficient for the second harmonic, $c_{2}\\{4\\}$ and $v_{2}\\{4\\}$, are presented using $pp$ data at $\\sqrt{s}=5.02$ and $\\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, and $p+$Pb data at $\\sqrt{s_{\\text{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV. These measurements aim to assess collective nature of multi-particle production. While collectivity is well established in $p$+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions, because of larger non-flow contributions, its evidence in $pp$ collisions is contested. The values of $c_{2}\\{4\\}$ are calculated using the standard cumulant method and recently proposed two and three subevent methods, which can further suppress the non-flow contributions in small systems. In these collisions systems, the three subevent method gives a negative $c_{2}\\{4\\}$, and thus a well-defined $v_{2}\\{4\\}$. The magnitude of $c_{2}\\{4\\}$ is found to be nearly independent of $\\langle N_{\\text{ch}} \\rangle$ and third harmonic $c_{3}\\{4\\}$ is consistent with 0. $v_{2}\\{4\\}$ is found to be smaller than...

Collisional energy transfer in Na(4p--3d)--He,H2 collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kleiber, P.D.; Wong, T.H.; Bililign, S.

1993-01-01

We have investigated the direct collisional energy transfer process Na*(4p)+M→Na*(3d)+M, where M=He,H 2 under gas cell conditions. We have measured the temporal profiles of the Na(3d--3p) sensitized fluorescence as a function of quenching gas pressure and fit the profiles to a two-state rate equation model to obtain the quenching rate coefficients from the Na*(4p) state. The total energy transfer rate coefficient out of the 4p state for He is small [(0.5±0.2)x10 -10 cm 3 /s]. The total quenching rate coefficient out of the 4p state is much larger for H 2 [(3.9±0.5)x10 -10 cm 3 /s]. Evidence suggests that the energy transfer rate coefficient for the 4p--3d process is ∼2.0x10 -10 cm 3 /s with the remainder of the 4p quenching being predominantly reactive. We also compare the far-red wing absorption line shapes for the NaHe and NaH 2 systems

Study of collective flows of protons and π{sup -}-mesons in p+C, Ta and He+Li, C collisions at momenta of 4.2, 4.5 and 10 AGeV/c

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chkhaidze, L.; Djobava, T.; Kharkhelauri, L. [High Energy Physics Institute of Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi (Georgia); Chlachidze, G. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL (United States); Galoyan, A. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Dubna (Russian Federation); Togoo, R. [Institute of Physics and Technology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulan Bator (Mongolia); Uzhinsky, V. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Laboratory of Information Technologies, Dubna (Russian Federation)

2016-11-15

Collective flows of protons and π{sup -}-mesons are studied at the momenta of 4.2, 4.5 and 10 AGeV/c for p+C, Ta and He+Li, C interactions. The data were obtained from the streamer chamber (SKM-200-GIBS) and from the Propane Bubble Chamber (PBC-500) systems utilized at JINR. A method of Danielewicz and Odyniec has been employed in determining a directed transverse flow of particles. The values of the transverse flow parameter and the strength of the anisotropic emission were defined for each interacting nuclear pair. It is found that the directed flows of protons and pions decrease with increasing the energy and the mass numbers of colliding nucleus pairs. The π{sup -}-meson and proton flows exhibit opposite directions in all studied interactions, and the flows of protons are directed in the reaction plane. The Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamical Model (UrQMD) coupled with the Statistical Multi-fragmentation Model (SMM), satisfactorily describes the obtained experimental results. (orig.)

Hadronic matter in collision: Proceedings of the second international workshop on local equilibrium in strong interaction physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carruthers, P.; Stottman, D.

1986-01-01

This book contains papers given at a conference on hadronic matter in collision. Some of the topics include the following: Nuclear Fragmentation; Nucleus-Nucleus Reactions; Phase Transformations; Hydrodynamics of Nuclear Matter; Hadron Hadronic Multi-Particle Production; and Bose Einstien Correlations

On the revival of the negative binomial distribution in multiparticle production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ekspong, G.

1990-01-01

This paper is based on published and some unpublished material pertaining to the revival of interest in and success of applying the negative binomial distribution to multiparticle production since 1983. After a historically oriented introduction going farther back in time, the main part of the paper is devoted to an unpublished derivation of the negative binomial distribution based on empirical observations of forward-backward multiplicity correlations. Some physical processes leading to the negative binomial distribution are mentioned and some comments made on published criticisms

Prediction of (n, 3He) cross sections around 14 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atasoy, H.; Doekmen, S.

1995-01-01

A comprehensive review of the neutron-induced cross-reactions for (n, 3 He) reactions has been made for the interval of 14 ≤ Z ≤ 84 around 14 MeV neutron energy. For practical purposes, an empirical expression has been found by using the experimental (n, 3 He) cross section values as a function of (N - Z) and (E n - E th ) where (N - Z) is the neutron excess of the target nucleus, E n and E th are the incident neutron energy and the (n, 3 He) threshold energy, respectively. The derived empirical relation gives a good fit with the experimental values

High energy nucleus-nucleus scattering and matter radius of unstable nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, H.; Okuhara, Y.

1985-07-01

The interaction cross sections of high energy nucleus-nucleus scattering have been studied with the Glauber Model and Hartree-Fock like variational calculation for the nuclear structure. It is found that the experimental interaction cross sections of the light unstable nucleus-stable nucleus scatterings measured by INS-LBL collaboration are well reproduceable. (author)

Multi-particle correlation observables in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stock, R.

1981-01-01

Global features of exclusively measured events, including number correlations and vector correlations, and hybrid analysis of measurements of one or two specific fragments like spectator nuclei, high transverse momentum particles, polarization of one particle, etc., are considered

Search for anisotropy in the Debye-Waller factor of HCP solid 4He

Science.gov (United States)

Barnes, Ashleigh L.; Hinde, Robert J.

2016-02-01

The properties of hexagonal close packed (hcp) solid 4He are dominated by large atomic zero point motions. An accurate description of these motions is therefore necessary in order to accurately calculate the properties of the system, such as the Debye-Waller (DW) factors. A recent neutron scattering experiment reported significant anisotropy in the in-plane and out-of-plane DW factors for hcp solid 4He at low temperatures, where thermal effects are negligible and only zero-point motions are expected to contribute. By contrast, no such anisotropy was observed either in earlier experiments or in path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulations of solid hcp 4He. However, the earlier experiments and the PIMC simulations were both carried out at higher temperatures where thermal effects could be substantial. We seek to understand the cause of this discrepancy through variational quantum Monte Carlo simulations utilizing an accurate pair potential and a modified trial wavefunction which allows for anisotropy. Near the melting density, we find no anisotropy in an ideal hcp 4He crystal. A theoretical equation of state is derived from the calculated energies of the ideal crystal over a range of molar volumes from 7.88 to 21.3 cm3, and is found to be in good qualitative agreement with experimental data.

HE4 as a predictor of adjuvant chemotherapy resistance and survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Aarenstrup Karlsen, Mona; Høgdall, Claus; Nedergaard, Lotte

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the value of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and HE4 tissue protein expression to predict tumor resistance to adjuvant chemotherapy, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Consecutive...... inclusion of 198 patients diagnosed with EOC was conducted. Blood samples were collected prior to surgery and tissue samples during surgery. Patient data were registered prospectively in the Danish Gynecologic Cancer Database. The association between serum HE4 and HE4 tissue protein expression, resistance...... significantly (p tissue protein expression...

The nucleon-nucleus scattering at intermediate energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Auger, J.-P.

1976-01-01

The Glauber model has the merit to connect directly the nucleon-nucleus elastic differential cross section with the nucleon-nucleon amplitude and nuclear densities. The general agreement between the 1 GeV proton elastic scattering differential cross sections calculated without adjustable parameter and the experimental data (from He 4 to Pb 208 ) is rather satisfactory up to 2. - 2.5 fm -1 momentum transfer. Although the 1 GeV proton elastic scattering experiments constitute at present one of the best method in determining neutron densities, it seems that self-consistent calculations bring the best knowledge of these densities. The model independent analysis performed with electron and proton scattering experiments show that the difference between neutron and proton r.m.s. radius cannot be determined better than 25-30% for Pb 208 [fr

Interpretations and implications of negative binomial distributions of multiparticle productions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arisawa, Tetsuo

2006-01-01

The number of particles produced in high energy experiments is approximated by a negative binomial distribution. Deriving a representation of the distribution from a stochastic equation, conditions for the process to satisfy the distribution are clarified. Based on them, it is proposed that multiparticle production consists of spontaneous and induced production. The rate of the induced production is proportional to the number of existing particles. The ratio of the two production rates remains constant during the process. The ''NBD space'' is also defined where the number of particles produced in its subspaces follows negative binomial distributions with different parameters

Modes of transference and rupture of the nucleus with neutron halos {sup 6} He on {sup 209} Bi near of the Coulomb barrier; Modos de transferencia y rompimiento del nucleo con halo neutronico {sup 6} He sobre {sup 209} Bi cerca de la barrera de Coulomb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lizcano C, D

2003-07-01

In recent experiments, the fusion of the exotic radioactive nucleus {sup 6} He with {sup 209} Bi has been studied for the first time at energies above and below the Coulomb barrier. A considerable enhancement in the fusion was observed, which implies a reduction of about 25% in the nominal fusion barrier. Some previous theoretical works suggest that this striking effect may be caused by the coupling to neutron transfer channels with a positive Q-value which would lead to a neutron flow and the consequent formation of a neck between the projectile and the target. Later, in the current work, we ran two new experiments on the same reaction using the FN Tandem Van de Graaff (10 MV) accelerator and the dual superconducting TwinSol system, both of them belonging to the University of Notre Dame, USA. This time, the purpose was to study one- and two-neutron transfer and the {sup 6} He projectile breakup at laboratory energies of 14.7, 16.2, 17.9, 19.0 and 22.5 MeV. A strong group of {sup 4} He was observed (with an effective Q-value about .5 MeV) whose integrated cross section results exceptionally high, exceeding the fusion cross section both above and below the barrier. The simultaneously measured elastic scattering angular distribution required high total cross sections so that this yield is confirmed. Preliminary coupled channels calculations sing the computer program called Fresco developed at the University of Surrey (England) suggested that the reaction mechanisms may be better described as a direct nuclear breakup and two-neutron transfer to unbound states in {sup 211} Bi. These calculations predicted also an enhancement in the fusion cross section below the barrier due to the transfer and breakup channel coupling, which strongly suggests that this channel is the 'doorway state' that explains the fusion barrier reduction observed in previous experiments. It was found that the {sup 4} He group fully dominates the total reaction cross section at the

Experimental research of the radiative capture of thermal neutrons in 3He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bystritskij, V.M.; Enik, T.L.; Gerasimov, V.V.; Grebenyuk, V.M.; Kobzev, A.P.; Kublikov, R.V.; Parzhitskij, S.S.; Pavlov, V.N.; Salamatin, A.V.; Shvetsov, V.N.; Slepnev, V.M.; Strelkov, A.V.; Zamyatin, N.I.; Bystritskij, V.M.; Filipowicz, M.; Nesvizhevskij, V.V.; Popov, N.P.; Wozniak, J.

2006-01-01

A project of an experiment on measurement of the cross sections of radiative thermal neutron capture by 3 He nuclei with production of one and two γ-quanta (n th + 3 He→α+γ(2γ)) is presented. The interest in studying the processes is dictated by the following factors: a possibility of obtaining information on parameters of the nucleon N-N potential and structure of exchange meson currents; a possibility of verifying the model of the mechanism for nucleon capture by the nucleus 3 He in the low-energy region; necessity to solve some questions existing in astrophysics. The experiment is planned to be carried out on the PF1B beam of the ILL reactor (Grenoble). The target is a hollow cylinder of pure aluminium (diam. 140x80 mm) filled with 3 He and 4 He (background experiment) at the pressure 2 atm. Registration of the γ-quanta is carried out by four BGO crystal (diam. 100x70 mm) detectors. According to the calculations the experiment, with 400-500 h of the PF1B beam running time, will allow cross sections for the above reactions to be measured for the first time with an accuracy of 2-4% (one-quantum process) and 7-10 % (two-quantum process), which quite meets the purposes of the project

Strangeness production in antiproton annihilation at rest on 3He, 4He and 20Ne

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balestra, F.; Batusov, Yu.A.; Falomkin, I.V.; Pontecorvo, G.B.; Rozhdestvensky, A.M.; Sapozhnikov, M.G.; Tretyak, V.I.; Bendiscioli, G.; Filippini, V.; Rotondi, A.; Salvini, P.; Venaglioni, A.; Bossolasco, S.; Bussa, M.P.; Busso, L.; Fava, L.; Ferrero, L.; Panzieri, D.; Piragino, G.; Tosello, F.; Breivik, F.O.; Danielsen, K.M.; Jacobsen, T.; Soerensen, S.O.; Guaraldo, C.; Maggiora, A.; Haatuft, A.; Halsteinslid, A.; Myklebost, K.; Olsen, J.M.; Lodi Rizzini, E.; Brescia Univ.; Zenoni, A.; European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva

1991-01-01

New data are reported on antiproton annihilations at rest with production of Λ and K S 0 , using a streamer chamber with 3 He, 4 He and 20 Ne as gas targets. The data include Λ, K S 0 , ΛK S 0 and K S 0 K S 0 production rates and momentum distributions, π - momentum spectra, mean numbers of charged particles generally and of negatively charged particles separately for different reaction channels. The yields are compared to simple combinatorial calculations based on the extreme assumptions of Λ production via B=1 or via B=0 (anti K rescattering) annihilations. Λ and K S 0 momentum spectra are compared to simple model calculations where B=0 and B=1 annihilations with and without final-state interactions are considered. A review of existing data on Λ and K S 0 production is presented, showing the dependence on the anti p momentum and on the mass number of the target. (orig.)

High energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhalla, K.B.

1980-01-01

An attempt is made to explain nucleus-nucleus collisions based on nuclear emulsion experiments. Peripheral and central collisions are described in detail. Assuming the fireball model, the concepts of geometry, kinematics and thermodynamics in this model are discussed. Projectile and target fragmentations are studied. The advantages of using nuclear emulsions as detectors, are mentioned. Proton-nucleus collisions and nucleus-nucleus collisions are compared. Interactions, of projectiles such as Ca, B and C on targets such as Pb, Ag, Br etc. at very high energies (approximately 300 to 1700 Gev) are listed. A comparison of the near multiplicities in these interactions is given. A generalized explanation is given on the processes involved in these interactions. (A.K.)

Analysis of the excitation functions for 3He- and α-induced reactions on 107Ag and 109Ag

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Misaelides, P.

1976-06-01

Excitation functions of 32 3 He- and α-induced nuclear reactions on 107 Ag and 109 Ag have been measured. The incident projectile energies ranged from 10 to 40 MeV for the 3 He-ions and 10 to 100 MeV for the α-particles. The recoil range of some 3 He-induced reaction products and the isomeric ratio values indicate the predominance of a precompound-compound nucleous mechanism. The experimental cross sections were compared with the excitation functions calculated on the basis of the compound nucleus and hybrid models. Using the values n 0 ( 3 He) = 5 and n 0 (α) = 4 for the initial exciton number and a = A/12.5 for the level density parameter a satisfactory reproduction of the experimental results for the α-induced reactions was achieved, whereas the calculated excitation functions for the 3 He-induced reactions are about a factor of two higher. (orig.) [de

Isospin Mixing in the Nucleon and 4He and the Nucleon Strange Electric Form Factor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Viviani, M.; Girlanda, L.; Kievsky, A.; Marcucci, L. E.; Rosati, S.; Schiavilla, R.; Kubis, B.; Lewis, R.

2007-01-01

In order to isolate the contribution of the nucleon strange electric form factor to the parity-violating asymmetry measured in 4 He(e-vector,e ' ) 4 He experiments, it is crucial to have a reliable estimate of the magnitude of isospin-symmetry-breaking (ISB) corrections in both the nucleon and 4 He. We examine this issue in the present Letter. Isospin admixtures in the nucleon are determined in chiral perturbation theory, while those in 4 He are derived from nuclear interactions, including explicit ISB terms. A careful analysis of the model dependence in the resulting predictions for the nucleon and nuclear ISB contributions to the asymmetry is carried out. We conclude that, at the low momentum transfers of interest in recent measurements reported by the HAPPEX Collaboration at Jefferson Lab, these contributions are of comparable magnitude to those associated with strangeness components in the nucleon electric form factor

Isospin mixing in the nucleon and He-4 and the nucleon strange electric form-factor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

M. Viviani; R. Schiavilla; B. Kubis; R. Lewis; L. Girlanda; A. Kievsky; L.E. Marcucci; S. Rosati

2007-01-01

In order to isolate the contribution of the nucleon strange electric form factor to the parity-violating asymmetry measured in 4 He((rvec e),e(prime)) 4 He experiments, it is crucial to have a reliable estimate of the magnitude of isospin-symmetry-breaking (ISB) corrections in both the nucleon and 4 He. We examine this issue in the present letter. Isospin admixtures in the nucleon are determined in chiral perturbation theory, while those in 4 He are derived from nuclear interactions, including explicit ISB terms. A careful analysis of the model dependence in the resulting predictions for the nucleon and nuclear ISB contributions to the asymmetry is carried out. We conclude that, at the low momentum transfers of interest in recent measurements reported by the HAPPEX collaboration at Jefferson Lab, these contributions are of comparable magnitude to those associated with strangeness components in the nucleon electric form factor

Helium (24He, 23He) within deuterated Pd-black

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arata, Yoshiaki; Zhang, Yue-Chang

1997-01-01

Authors have clearly proven for the first time that deuterium nuclear reaction was continuously generated inside a highly deuterated solid by showing both of the excess energy and corresponding amount of helium as the reaction product generated simultaneously. Whenever there is a nuclear fusion reaction inside a metal, helium generated is unable to escape to the surroundings and is trapped in a frozen state inside that metal. The concentration of the helium within the metal will rise with increasing rate of reactions. Pd-black is under such state as the sample used and sealed within the 'closed QMS' developed by the authors (closed vessel including the Getter pump and the QMS). It is completely separated from the surroundings and the internal gases are removed to create super-vacuum. The reaction product released by the 'Sample-Heating' process (room temp. ↔ 1500(degC)) is thus the only matter which occupies the interior of the closed vessel and its detection by the QMS is assured. When the 'closed QMS' works under the above mentioned-state, it was clarified that the 'ash' or the reaction product of this fusion reaction within a solid is 2 4 He and 2 3 He and their ratio is 2 4 He/ 2 3 He ≅ 4. It can be concluded from the result that the main reaction product is 2 4 He and it is created directly as an inherent feature of the solid-state nuclear fusion. Authors think that the reaction process responsible for the creation of 2 3 He may be a different one from that created 2 4 He. One of which is the Rutherford reaction process and the other occurs based on the specific properties of solid, similar to the case of 2 4 He. The existence of 1 3 T will be required that the process is responsible for the generation of 2 3 He as the Rutherford reaction. The proof for the existence of 1 3 T within the 'closed QMS', however, was not obtained in this experiments. (author)

Hydrodynamics in adaptive resolution particle simulations: Multiparticle collision dynamics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alekseeva, Uliana, E-mail: Alekseeva@itc.rwth-aachen.de [Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich (Germany); German Research School for Simulation Sciences (GRS), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich (Germany); Winkler, Roland G., E-mail: r.winkler@fz-juelich.de [Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich (Germany); Sutmann, Godehard, E-mail: g.sutmann@fz-juelich.de [Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich (Germany); ICAMS, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum (Germany)

2016-06-01

A new adaptive resolution technique for particle-based multi-level simulations of fluids is presented. In the approach, the representation of fluid and solvent particles is changed on the fly between an atomistic and a coarse-grained description. The present approach is based on a hybrid coupling of the multiparticle collision dynamics (MPC) method and molecular dynamics (MD), thereby coupling stochastic and deterministic particle-based methods. Hydrodynamics is examined by calculating velocity and current correlation functions for various mixed and coupled systems. We demonstrate that hydrodynamic properties of the mixed fluid are conserved by a suitable coupling of the two particle methods, and that the simulation results agree well with theoretical expectations.

SPATA4 Counteracts Etoposide-Induced Apoptosis via Modulating Bcl-2 Family Proteins in HeLa Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Junjun; Li, Liyuan; Xie, Mingchao; Fuji, Ryosuke; Liu, Shangfeng; Yin, Xiaobei; Li, Genlin; Wang, Zhao

2015-01-01

Spermatogenesis associated 4 (SPATA4) is a testis-specific gene first cloned by our laboratory, and plays an important role in maintaining the physiological function of germ cells. Accumulated evidence suggests that SPATA4 might be associated with apoptosis. Here we established HeLa cells that stably expressed SPATA4 to investigate the function of SPATA4 in apoptosis. SPATA4 protected HeLa cells from etoposide-induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, in the way that SPATA4 suppressed decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the release of cytochrome c, and subsequent activation of caspase-9 and -3. We further demonstrated that SPATA4 upregulated anti-apoptotic members of Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-2, and downregulated the pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family proteins, Bax. Knockdown of SPATA4 in HeLa/SPATA4 cells could partially rescue expression levels of bcl-2 and bax. In conclusion, SPATA4 protects HeLa cells against etoposide-induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Our findings provide further evidence that SPATA4 plays a role in regulating apoptosis.

Long-wavelength phonons and the condensate in superfluid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olinto, A.C.

1987-08-01

From Ward identities that take into account the condensate reservoir, the velocity of long-wavelength phonons is obtained as a function of the condensate fraction in the shielded potential approximation. The results are in good agreement with superfluid 4 He data. (Author) [pt

Absolute Charge Exchange Cross Sections for ^3He^2+ Collisions with ^4He and H_2

Science.gov (United States)

Mawhorter, R. J.; Greenwood, J.; Smith, S. J.; Chutjian, A.

2002-05-01

The JPL charge exchange beam-line(J.B. Greenwood, et al., Phys. Rev A 63), 062707 (2001) was modified to increase the forward acceptance angle and enable the measurement of total charge-exchange cross sections for slow, light, highly-charged ion collisions with neutral targets(R. E. Olson and M. Kimura, J. Phys. B 15), 4231 (1982). Data are presented for single charge exchange cross sections for ^3He^2+ nuclei scattered by ^4He and H2 in the energy range 0.33-4.67 keV/amu. For both targets there is good agreement with Kusakabe, et al.(T. Kusakabe, et al., J. Phys. Soc. Japan 59), 1218 (1990). Angular collection is studied by a comparison with differential measurements(D. Bordenave-Montesquieu and R. Dagnac, J. Phys. B 27), 543 (1994), as well as with earlier JPL results(J.B. Greenwood, et al., Ap. J. 533), L175 (2000), ibid. 529, 605 (2000) using heavier projectiles and targets. This work was carried out at JPL/Caltech, and was supported through contract with NASA. RJM thanks the NRC for a Senior Associateship at JPL.

Role of polarizability in the 3H(d,n)4He reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belyaev, V.B.; Kuzmichev, V.E.; Peresypkin, V.V.; Zepalova, M.L.

1987-01-01

The influence is investigated of the deuteron electric dipole polarizability on the cross section, astrophysical S-factor, and the yield of helium nuclei in the 3 H(d,n) 4 He reaction in the region of extremely low energies. Prediction is made of the existence of narrow maximum in the cross section at energies of an incident triton lower that 10 keV produced by the action of an attractive polarization potential in the d 3 H system. The growth of the cross section of d 3 H reaction increases the yield of 4 He nuclei at temperatures lower than keV

Symplectic multi-particle tracking on GPUs

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Liu, Zhicong; Qiang, Ji

2018-05-01

A symplectic multi-particle tracking model is implemented on the Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) using the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) language. The symplectic tracking model can preserve phase space structure and reduce non-physical effects in long term simulation, which is important for beam property evaluation in particle accelerators. Though this model is computationally expensive, it is very suitable for parallelization and can be accelerated significantly by using GPUs. In this paper, we optimized the implementation of the symplectic tracking model on both single GPU and multiple GPUs. Using a single GPU processor, the code achieves a factor of 2-10 speedup for a range of problem sizes compared with the time on a single state-of-the-art Central Processing Unit (CPU) node with similar power consumption and semiconductor technology. It also shows good scalability on a multi-GPU cluster at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility. In an application to beam dynamics simulation, the GPU implementation helps save more than a factor of two total computing time in comparison to the CPU implementation.

Multiparticle states in deformed special relativity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hossenfelder, S.

2007-01-01

We investigate the properties of multiparticle states in deformed special relativity (DSR). Starting from the Lagrangian formalism with an energy dependent metric, the conserved Noether current can be derived which is additive in the usual way. The integrated Noether current had previously been discarded as a conserved quantity, because it was correctly realized that it does no longer obey the DSR transformations. We identify the reason for this mismatch in the fact that DSR depends only on the extensive quantity of total four momentum instead of the energy-momentum densities as would be appropriate for a field theory. We argue that the reason for the failure of DSR to reproduce the standard transformation behavior in the well established limits is due to the missing sensitivity to the volume inside which energy is accumulated. We show that the soccer-ball problem is absent if one formulates DSR instead for the field densities. As a consequence, estimates for predicted effects have to be corrected by many orders of magnitude. Further, we derive that the modified quantum field theory implies a locality bound

Properties of Haldane Excitations and Multiparticle States in the Antiferromagnetic Spin-1 Chain Compound CsNiCl3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kenzelmann, M.; Cowley, R.A.; Buyers, W.J.L.; Tun, Z.; Coldea, Radu; Enderle, M.

2002-01-01

We report inelastic time-of-flight and triple-axis neutron scattering measurements of the excitation spectrum of the coupled antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain system CsNiCl 3 . Measurements over a wide range of wave-vector transfers along the chain confirm that above T N CsNiCl 3 is in a quantum-disordered phase with an energy gap in the excitation spectrum. The spin correlations fall off exponentially with increasing distance with a correlation length ζ = 4.0(2) sites at T = 6.2K. This is shorter than the correlation length for an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain at this temperature, suggesting that the correlations perpendicular to the chain direction and associated with the interchain coupling lower the single-chain correlation length. A multiparticle continuum is observed in the quantum-disordered phase in the region in reciprocal space where antiferromagnetic fluctuations are strongest, extending in energy up to twice the maximum of the dispersion of the well-defined triplet excitations. We show that the continuum satisfies the Hohenberg-Brinkman sum rule. The dependence of the multiparticle continuum on the chain wave vector resembles that of the two-spinon continuum in antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains. This suggests the presence of spin-1/2 degrees of freedom in CsNiCl 3 for T ∼< 12 K, possibly caused by multiply frustrated interchain interactions.

Multi-nucleon pion absorption in the 4He(π+,ppp)n reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weber, P.; McAlister, J.; Olszewski, R.; Feltham, A.; Hanna, M.; Johnson, R.R.; Pavan, M.; Ponting, C.; Rozon, F.M.; Sevior, M.; Sossi, V.; Vetterli, D.; Humphrey, D.; Lolos, G.J.; Papandreou, Z.; Tacik, R.; Ottewell, D.; Sheffer, G.; Smith, G.R.; Mardor, Y.; May-Tal, S.

1990-08-01

Three-proton emission cross sections for the 4 He(π + ,ppp)n reaction were measured at an incident pion kinetic energy of T pi + =165 MeV over a wide angular range in a kinematically complete experiment. Angular correlations, missing momentum distributions and energy spectra are compared with three- and four-body phase space Monte Carlo calculations. The results provide strong evidence that most of the three-proton coincidences result from three-nucleon absorption. From phase-space integration the total three-nucleon absorption cross section is estimated to be σ 3N =4.8 ± 1.0 mb. The cross section involving four nucleons is small and is estimated to be σ 4N 4 He, multi-nucleon pion absorption seems to represent only a small fraction. (Author) (40 refs., 3 tabs., 15 figs.)

Equilibrium shape of (4)He crystal under zero gravity below 200 mK.

Science.gov (United States)

Takahashi, Takuya; Ohuchi, Haruka; Nomura, Ryuji; Okuda, Yuichi

2015-10-01

Equilibrium crystal shape is the lowest energy crystal shape that is hardly realized in ordinary crystals because of their slow relaxation. (4)He quantum crystals in a superfluid have been expected as unique exceptions that grow extremely fast at very low temperatures. However, on the ground, gravity considerably deforms the crystals and conceals the equilibrium crystal shape, and thus, gravity-free environment is needed to observe the equilibrium shape of (4)He. We report the relaxation processes of macroscopic (4)He crystals in a superfluid below 200 mK under zero gravity using a parabolic flight of a jet plane. When gravity was removed from a gravity-flattened (4)He crystal, the crystal rapidly transformed into a shape with flat surfaces. Although the relaxation processes were highly dependent on the initial condition, the crystals relaxed to a nearly homothetic shape in the end, indicating that they were truly in an equilibrium shape minimizing the interfacial free energy. Thanks to the equilibrium shape, we were able to determine the Wulff's origin and the size of the c-facet together with the vicinal surface profile next to the c-facet. The c-facet size was extremely small in the quantum crystals, and the facet-like flat surfaces were found to be the vicinal surfaces. At the same time, the interfacial free energy of the a-facet and s-facet was also obtained.

Interacting gluon model for hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions in the central rapidity region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fowler, G.N.; Navarra, F.S.; Plumer, M.; Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Nuclear Science Division, Berkeley, California 94720); Vourdas, A.; Weiner, R.M.

1989-01-01

The interacting gluon model developed to describe the inelasticity distribution in hadron-nucleon collisions has been generalized and applied to hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions. Leading particle spectra and energy distributions in hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions are calculated

{sup 4}He channelling studies of U{sub 4}O{sub 9}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garrido, Frederico [Centre de Spectrometrie Nucleaire et de Spectrometrie de Masse, CNRS-IN2P3-Universite Paris-Sud, Batiments 104-108, 91405 Orsay (France)]. E-mail: garrido@csnsm.in2p3.fr; Nowicki, Lech [The Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw (Poland); Stonert, Anna [Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw (Poland); Pietraszko, Adam [Institute for Low Temperature and Structural Research, Polish Academy of Science, 50-422 Wroclaw (Poland); Wendler, Elke [Institut fuer Festkoerperphysik, Friedrich-Schiller Universitaet Jena, 07743 Jena (Germany)

2006-08-15

UO{sub 2} and U{sub 4}O{sub 9} single crystals were investigated by means of the {sup 4}He backscattering/channelling technique and the use of the 3032-keV elastic scattering resonance on {sup 16}O. Angular scans obtained for U{sub 4}O{sub 9} were interpreted in the framework of a recently published U{sub 4}O{sub 9} model. It was shown that the U{sub 4}O{sub 9} channelling data can be explained by the aggregation of some O atoms in cuboctahedral clusters, and the displacement of other (U and O) atoms from the UO{sub 2}-type sites. Basing on the combined use of the channelling technique and Monte Carlo simulations we suggest that the displacements of U atoms from their fluorite sites are larger than those determined by the neutron diffraction analysis.

Extension of the HAL QCD approach to inelastic and multi-particle scatterings in lattice QCD

Science.gov (United States)