Muhammad Ali's Fighting Words: The Paradox of Violence in Nonviolent Rhetoric

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Gorsevski, Ellen W.; Butterworth, Michael L.

2011-01-01

While Muhammad Ali has been the subject of countless articles and books written by sports historians and journalists, rhetorical scholars have largely ignored him. This oversight is surprising given both the tradition of social movement scholarship within rhetorical studies and Ali's influential eloquence as a world renowned celebrity espousing…

Perspektif Gender dalam Tafsir Muhammad ‘Abduh

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Muchamad Samsukadi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available This article explains what Muhammad ‘Abduh’s interpretation on gender verses. According to ‘Abduh, Quran has broadly given same roles, duties and rights between men and women. However, sometimes the equal understanding has been forgotten by some mufasirs about verses dealing with leadership in household, polygamy, and inheritance. To ‘Abduh, in household, the relationship between husband and wife is mutualism-symbiosis. Functionally and structurally, it is lead by husband. Meanwhile, polygamy and inheritance are kinds of protection toward women’s rights. Polygamy is forbidden to whom that has no ability to be fair, while inheritance has to be given equally and reasonably.

Fighting Injustice and Intolerance: Re-Presentations of Race and Religion at the Muhammad Ali Center

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Michael Brandon McCormack

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This article explores the significance of the Muhammad Ali Center as a site where meanings associated with “race” and “religion” are constructed, contested and potentially transformed. The Muhammad Ali Center is examined as an example of an increasing number of cultural institutions (i.e., cultural centers, museums, arts spaces etc. engaged in the strategic re-presentation of issues of cultural difference and socio-political conflict, towards the ends of promoting social justice and/or human rights. The article draws upon theories and methods in cultural studies, religious studies, and museums studies in order to explore the significance of the representational and curatorial strategies of such cultural institutions for understanding alternative approaches to influencing and/or intervening in public discourses and practices surrounding issues of racial injustice and religious intolerance.

Pengaruh Muhammad Haqqi al-Nazilli (m. 1884 terhadap Amalan Keagamaan Masyarakat Melayu

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Wahyu Hidayat Abdullah

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Haqqi al-Nazilli (m. 1884 merupakan salah seorang tokoh ulama Islam yang penting pada abad kesembilan belas. Walaupun berasal dari Turki, beliau telah menghabiskan kebanyakan usia dan kerjayanya sebagai seorang ilmuwan yang berdomisil di Mekah dan terkenal sebagai pakar dalam bidang ilmu hadis dan tasawuf. Selain aktif mengajar, beliau turut menghasilkan sejumlah karya keagamaan yang penting dalam bahasa Arab. Secara khasnya, adikarya beliau bertajuk Khazinah al-Asrar Jalilah al-Adhkar memainkan peranan yang penting terutama sekali dalam kalangan pelajarnya yang berasal dari Alam Melayu. Ia merupakan karya berasaskan hadis Nabi SAW mengenai kelebihan dan fadilat ayatayat al-Quran dan ibadat-ibadat lain. Walau bagaimanapun, tidak banyak yang diketahui mengenai tokoh ini dan karyanya. Justeru, makalah ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan mengenainya dengan lebih mendalam. Selain membincangkan aspek biografi dan hasil karya Muhammad Haqqi dari perspektif sejarah, kertas ini terfokus untuk menganalisis metodenya dalam penilaian dan penerimaan hadis berdasarkan karyanya Khazinah al- Asrar dan pengaruhnya terhadap sesetengah amalan keagamaan masyarakat Melayu. Dapatan kajian mengetengahkan sikapnya yang mengharmonikan pandangan ulama hadis dan tasawuf dalam aspek penerimaan hadis yang memberikan kesannya terhadap amalan keagamaan masyarakat Islam, terutamanya di Alam Melayu.

KOMPARASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM K.H. AHMAD DAHLAN DAN MUHAMMAD FETHULLAH GÜLEN

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Mohamad Ali

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Islamic education is considered only oriented to the hereafter alone, teach rituals and develop a defensive posture and formisme paradigm. On the other hand, Islamic education is faced with the phenomenon of discontinuity which marked the waning value of respect for the basic values and ethics, such as honesty, discipline, tolerance. This Problem is what ignited K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923 and Muhammad Fethullah Gülen (1838 - ... strengthening Islamic education. This study aims to understand the concepts, practices, and comparative Islamic education K.H. Ahmad Dahlan and Muhammad Fethullah Gülen. This type of research is the study of literature  with historical and philosophical approach. The results show: first, the concept of Islamic education K.H. Ahmad Dahlan stressed intregration of religious sciences and the modern sciences, tolerance, open to modernity and perfection of mind (intellect; for Fethullah Gülen education is a manifestation of Allah, which emphasizes ethics, science, and theology. Secondly, the common the sharing concept between the two are at: ideas, foundation, educational goals and teaching methods. Third, while the point of difference lies in the educational materials, dormitory educational models (boarding school and implementing a system of moving class.

Greater self-enhancement in Western than Eastern Ukraine, but failure to replicate the Muhammad Ali effect.

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Kemmelmeier, Markus; Malanchuk, Oksana

2016-02-01

Based on the cross-cultural research linking individualism-collectivism and self-enhancement, this research examines regional pattern of self-enhancement in Ukraine. Broadly speaking, the western part of Ukraine is mainly Ukrainian speaking and historically oriented towards Europe, whereas Eastern Ukraine is mainly Russian speaking and historically oriented towards the Russian cultural sphere. We found self-enhancement on a "better than average" task to be higher in a Western Ukrainian sample compared to an Eastern Ukrainian sample, with differences in independent self-construals supporting assumed regional variation in individualism. However, the Muhammad Ali effect, the finding that self-enhancement is greater in the domain of morality than intelligence, was not replicated. The discussion focuses on the specific sources of this regional difference in self-enhancement, and reasons for why the Muhammad Ali effect was not found. © 2015 International Union of Psychological Science.

Nobel Peace Laureate Muhammad Yunus: A Banker Who Believes Credit is a Human Right

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Szpara, Michelle Yvonne; Ahmad, Iftikhar; Pederson, Patricia Velde

2007-01-01

The article profiles Nobel Peace Laureate Muhammad Yunus, founder of Grameen Bank (an independent financial institution in Bangladesh), as well as an economics professor at the University of Chittagong. In his birthplace of Bangladesh, 49.8 percent of people exist below the poverty line, and 73.2 percent of the women are categorized as…

BIMBINGAN KONSELING HOLISTIK UNTUK MEMBANTU PENYESUAIN DIRI MUALAF TIONGHOA MESJID MUHAMMAD CHENGHO PALEMBANG

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Neni Noviza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This study aims to determine how the adjustment itself on converts . Subjects were converts tionghoa mosque Muhammad Chengho Palembang. This study is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach . Data were obtained and collected through semi-structured interviews and observations by using the interview guide and checklist list . Then , the data were analyzed using analysis of data reduction , display / presentation of data and making conclusions / verification of interactive models of Miles & Huberman ( 1992 . The results showed that the problems experienced by the Muslim convert Muhammad Cheng Ho Mosque is a matter of family , career and employment issues , and marginalized by other communities. The Individuals who have a religious conversion " more tasks " that adjust from changes in themselves and habits to obtain satisfactory relationships with other people and our environment . The problems associated with the present most fundamental change in the lives of converts after deciding to perform religious conversion requires the adjustment mainly in the habit of worship and in the family who did not convert to the faith of the subject . Holistic counseling through religious counseling and bibliotherapy approach is one way to help the adjustment to convert

Algunas propuestas innovadoras de Muhammad Yunus para combatir la pobreza y otras carencias socioeconomicas

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Rodr??guez S??nchez de Alva, Alfonso; Rodr??guez L??pez del R??o, Patricia; Rodr??guez L??pez del R??o, Pablo

2013-01-01

Aunque son numerosas las iniciativas innovadoras para financiar los programas de desarrollo de los pa??ses menos desarrollados (recargos sobre los billetes a??reos, tasa sobre las transacciones financieras, loter??a solidaria..), la gesti??n de los microcr??ditos por el Banco Grameen fundado por Muhammad Yunus, es probablemente la que ha tenido mayor difusi??n y aceptaci??n.

Muhammad Ali, um outsider na sociedade americana?

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Flávio Py Mariante Neto

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O estudo analisa a carreira do boxeador Muhammad Ali segundo as formulações sobre as relações de poder em configurações apresentadas por Norbert Elias. O propósito foi compreender como um atleta que foi contra questões tão profundas da sociedade estabelecida obteve sucesso profissional. Tratou-se de um estudo documental, tendo como fonte livros, artigos e reportagens publicadas sobre a trajetória do lutador. Concluiu-se que apesar de Ali ter se posicionado contra padrões estabelecidos de sua época em questões como a religião, o racismo e o patriotismo, a sua habilidade técnica acima da média, o seu poder de autopromoção e a sua capacidade de participar do jogo no contexto configuracional de que fazia parte, lhe deram condições de sobrevivência no mundo do boxe e conseqüente sucesso profissional.

The Efforts of Arab Christians Modernist in Defending the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh

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Ahmed H. Mekhelef

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This paper seeks to monitor the efforts of Arab Christians modernists, in respond to suspicious appellants in the biography of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh. Through researches in books and articles, it had been identified by studying books of writers who emerged in the 20th Century which had been known as the time of writings and researches development in the Arab world. Therefore, the Arab intellectuals began to review and respond what Orientalists have written about Islamic history.

Muhammad Abduh Dan Ijtihadnya Dalam Bidang Pendidikan

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Suhaimi Suhaimi

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Since the arrival of Napoleon Bonaparte to Egypt in the late 19th century AD, the Islamic world can be said to have been aware of the lag in many areas including in the field of education. Therefore, among the scholars at the same time Muslim intellectuals in the Islamic world when it started thinking to bounce back and catch up with the Islamic world experienced such a variety of ways that may be carried out according to the conditions at that time. Among them was Sheikh Muhammad Abduh. In the course of his life, Abduh has done ijtihad and renewal through the various ideas put forward ideas or even gets serious challenges from various parties, including the scholars of al-Azhar itself. But all of that does not make him despair and retreat, so that his ideas had a great influence for the next generation. Abduh brilliant ideas include the fields of education, legal, social, administrative, political and others. This article only focuses his discussion on his thoughts about education which would still be relevant to observe in order to be an afterthought for students of education in this country. Abduh's ideas include the following educational objectives, curriculum, methods and the importance of education for women. ABSTRAK Sejak kedatangan Napoleon Bonaparte ke Mesir pada akhir abad ke 19 Masehi, dunia Islam dapat dikatakan telah menyadari akan ketertinggalan di berbagai bidang termasuk di bidang pendidikan. Karena itu, di antara ulama sekaligus intelektual muslim di dunia Islam saat itu mulai berfikir untuk bangkit kembali serta mengejar ketertinggalan yang dialami dunia Islam tersebut dengan berbagai cara yang mungkin dilakukan sesuai kondisi saat itu. Di antara mereka adalah Syeikh Muhammad Abduh. Dalam perjalanan hidupnya, Abduh telah melakukan ijtihad dan pem-baharuannya melalui berbagai ide atau gagasan yang dikemukakannya sekalipun mendapat tantangan yang berat dari berbagai pihak termasuk pihak ulama al-Azhar sendiri. Akan tetapi semua

Qalandar-name. Chapter 2. “Praise and blessing upon Muhammad Mustafa”

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Milyausha Ismagilova

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The present fragment contains the translated continuation of a medieval poetic text “Qalandar-name” written by the Crimean Sufi author Abu Bakr Qalandar. This fragment contains the second chapter devoted to praising (Salawat the Prophet Muhammad, after which the poet will glorify his righteous caliphs (al-Khulafa al-rashidun. As it appears from the author’s praises, he was a follower of Sunni Islam and, at the same time, a representative of the Sufi order (tariqa. Titles and names that Abu Bakr Kalandar uses in his chanting of Muhammad, are very familiar both to researchers of the Islamic religion and ordinary Muslims. He calls the Prophet the Lord (Sayyid of both worlds, Elect, Light, Leader of all the prophets and saints. The author mentions some famous miracles of the Messenger of Allah, such as the night journey (Isra and ascension to the seventh heaven (Mi’raj, the moon’s splitting and inanimate objects’ speaking. He also makes an allusion to the mystical interpretation of the Qur’an in relation to the hair of the Prophet. The Persian text is translated by Milyausha Ismagilova, a postgraduate student. Translation edition and comments are supplied by Damir Shagaviyev, Head of the Department of History of Public Thought and Islamic Studies of the Sh.Marjani Institute of History, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan. * Continuation of the article. See beginning of the article in: Golden Horde Review, 2014, no. 2(4, pp.243–252.

FOLLOWING THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD CHARACTER THROUGH NGABULEH TRADITION IN PONDOK PESANTREN DARUL ULUM BANYUANYAR PAMEKASAN

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Moh. Wardi

2018-06-01

Full Text Available This research is part of the relevance of personality character of the Prophet Muhammad with the ngabuleh tradition in the theory of FAST (fathanah, amanah, siddiq, and tabligh. The purpose of this study is to find out and explain the ngabuleh tradition in religious, cultural, and economic reviews. The study is categorized in phenomenological research using qualitative approach. The data were obtained from observation, in-depth interview, and documentary study. It was then analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion phase. Informant in this study is kabuleh in Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum at Banyuanyar District, Pamekasan Regency. The results show that,in the view of religion ngabuleh is the implementation of Islamic values about following the character of the Prophet Muhammad and sincerity. Culturally, as a form of adherence of high respect to the pillars of culture in Madura, namely bhuppa’-bhabhu’-ghuru-rato (father, mother, teacher/kiai and queen/government. Economical-wise, ngabuleh is a kind of paying respect to the kiai by working in the corporate run by kiai/Pesantren and at once, contributing santri’s skill and competence in the field of entrepreneur. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari relevansi karakter kepribadian Nabi Muhammad dengan tradisi kabuleh dalam teori FAST (fathanah, amanah, siddiq, and tabligh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan tradisi ngabuleh dalam tinjauan agama, budaya, dan ekonomi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian fenomenologis. Data diperoleh dari hasil observasi berperan serta, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan tahap kesimpulan. Informan dalam penelitian ini kabuleh di Pesantren Darul Ulum Banyuanyar Pamekasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, secara agama, ngabuleh merupakan implementasi nila-nilai ajaran Islam tentang keteladanan sifat

QADIYAH AL-ISTI'BAD FI SYI'R MUHAMMAD AL-FAYTURI

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Zamri Arifin

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The issue of slavery is one of the most important issues that have plagued mankind, both ancient and modern. The contemporary Arab poet Muhammad Miftah al-Fittouri was the first Arab poet to address this issue and to discuss the issues of African and Zenism in a qualitative and quantitative manner. Therefore, this study is aimed at presenting the efforts of the scholars of this issue in the poetry of this poet. The study revealed the intersections of the poetry with the components and manifestations of the issue of (slavery and the different poetic stages, as demonstrated by the poet's poetic. The research concluded that the literary and monetary field lacked a systematic study of this issue, revealing its motives and artistic manifestations, and the various aspects of it emerge according to a modern scientific method.

MASJID JAMI PITI LAKSAMANA MUHAMMAD CHENG HO PURBALINGGA: SIMBOL KEINDAHAN TOLERANSI DALAM AKULTURASI

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Dinda Wulan Afriani

2015-10-01

terletak di Kabupaten Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah. Masjid Laksamana Muhammad Cheng Ho Purbalingga merupakan salah satu dari tiga masjid Cheng Ho di Indonesia. Kehadiran masjid ini merupakan wujud simbol keindahan toleransi antar etnis dan budaya dalam sebuah akulturasi. Bentuk arsitektur masjid ini merupakan perpaduan dari budaya Islam- Tiongkok-Arab-Jawa. Keistimewaan masjid ini bukan hanya terletak pada bentuk arsitektur bangunan dan ragam hias arsitekturnya saja. Namun juga pada keindahan makna dan nilai falsafah kehidupan yang terkandung di dalamnya, yang tentu saja selaras dengan peran sertanya dalam masyarakat. Dalam membaca tanda dan makna, artikel ini juga menyajikan penalaran melalui metode semiotika visual secara singkat namun cukup padat.

RELEVANSI STRATEGI DAKWAH HIZBUT TAHRIR INDONESIA DENGAN STRATEGI DAKWAH NABI MUHAMMAD SAW

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Eunis Khoerunnisa

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia is a unique and phenomenal propaganda institution. For one decade (1998-2008 it has exercised a very intensive preaching, conception of Islam, enforcement of Syari’ah and the Khilafah ruling system. The purpose of this study is to determine the Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia thinking about: (1 the arguments used by Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia in preaching; (2 the purpose of the preaching of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia; (3 the method used in the propaganda activities of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia; (4 the program of propaganda in the view of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia; and (5 the relevance of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia propagation strategy with the strategy of propaganda of the Prophet Muhammad. The results showed that (1 Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia propagation argument is Surah (Chapter Ali-Imran verse 104; (2 the purpose of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia propaganda is to hold Islamic life and to carry the Islamic propagation to the entire world and to revive Islam in the right way; (3 the method adopted by Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia in carrying out the mission is the laws of Personality which is taken from Prophet Sayings; (4 HizbutTahrir Indonesia propagation program is basically the same as Hizbut Tahrir anywhere, for espousing ideas, ideals and the same activity which reflects on propagation strategy of the Prophet; and (5 selection of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia toward the Prophet Traditions about the propagation method applied by the Prophet Muhammad SAW tend to choose a more nuanced firm. In fact, the propagation method applied by the Prophet varies depending on the existing situation and conditions.   Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia adalah sebuah lembaga dakwah yang unik dan fenomenal. Selama kurang lebih satu dasawarsa (1998-2008 sangat intensif melakukan dakwahnya, konsepsinya tentang penegakan Syari’at Islam dan sistem pemerintahan Khilafah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemikiran Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia tentang: (1 landasan yang digunakan

La Ode Muhammad Idrus Qaimuddin Sastrawan Sufi Ternama di Buton Abad XIX

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La Niampe

2012-11-01

Full Text Available This article talk about the characterization of La Ode Muhammad Idrus Qaimuddin as a popular mystical in Buton in XIX century. Among the mystical characters at his period, he known as a productive writer. His works in mysticism side was written in some languages (Wolio language, Malay, and Arabic. On of his popular poem entitled "Bula Malino" its content is about seeing which directed to him self. According to him, loving and teaching him self is a main need in the human life, so he clarified through his poem motuyaapa kaasina miya yitu, yinda molawana kaasimu yikaromu, moo sarowu guru Bemo yadariko yinda molawana yoda-yadari karomu. However people love us, it is still better loving ourselves, even though a thousand teachers who teach us, it is better we teach ourselves.

PENGGUNAAN BIOGRAFI TUAN GURU KIYAI HAJI MUHAMMAD ZAINUDDIN ABDUL MAJID DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH LOKAL DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NAHDLATUL WATHAN SENYIUR KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

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Ahmad Afandi

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini berjudul Penggunaan Biografi Tuan Guru Kiyai Haji Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Majid dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah Lokal di Madrasah Aliyah Nahdlatul Wathan Senyiur Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Salah satu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat sejauh mana proses pembelajaran berangsung dan bagaimana dampaknya bagi siswa dalam rangka meningkatkan kreatifitas dan sikap nasionalisme siswa yang berlandaskan beberapa indikator yang peneliti sodorkan, misalnya 1 memiliki rasa bangga terhadap bangsa, 2 peduli terhadap nasib bangsa, 3 mempertahankan identitas atau jati diri sebagai bangsa timur, 4 menerima kemajemukan, 5 memiliki rasa keterpautan dan rasa memiliki (Sense of Belonging. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa aktifitas siswa di dalam kelas selama proses pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan. Hal tersebut terlihat dari proses tanya jawab selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Salah satu kendala dalam pembelajaran ini adalah terkait minimnya sumber-sumber pendukung pembelajran, misalnya buku maupun literatur-literatur yang membahas tentang tokoh Tuan Guru Haji Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Majid. Kata kunci: biografi, pembelajaran Sejarah.

TAFSIR ALQUR’AN PARADIGMA INTEGRATIF: STUDI ATAS QIRA’AH ALTHANIYAH MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR

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Abdul Malik

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This article describes on the alternative reading (qira'ah altaniyah of Alqur’an proposed by Muhammad Shahrur, in his work “Alkitab wa Alqur’an: Qira'ah Almu'ashirah”. Through this work, Syahrur proposed an integrative-interpretation method which is built through combining analysis of natural science, social science, and tafsir. Based on the descriptive analysis approach to this works, this study found out two important things: (1 Syahrur using mathematical analysis to interpret the muhkamat’s verses and science analysis for mutasyabihat’s verses. (2 Hudud is a result of the integrative analysis interpretation based on the linguistic and mathematic analysis in understanding the Quranic verses about the law, while ta’wil ilmi is an understanding toward mutasyabihat verses, like the revelation, which is based on the analysis of natural science cognitive.

MAKNA AMAR MA’RUF NAHI MUNKAR MENURUT MUHAMMAD ASAD DALAM KITAB THE MESSAGE OF THE QUR’AN

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Kusnadi Kusnadi

2018-02-01

Full Text Available This study purpose to understand Amar Ma'ruf Nahi Munkar according to Muhammad Asad in the book The Message of The Quran. In many Islamic literature, the study of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar has been widely practiced, both among theology, civic organizations, religious politics and literary books of commentary. One of the books that also discusses this study is The Message of The Quran, a book of translations and tafsir, written by Muhammad Asad. It is. This work is in the form of translation and interpretation. The explanations in it are in the form of footnotes and comments on translated verses as well as certain attachments related to particular themes. The compilation of this book is based on the orderliness of the letter as adopted by the majority of scholars and based on the reading of Hafs bin Sulaiman al-Asadi. At each beginning of the letter discussed, the letter periodization is first explained, the general explanation of the contents of the letter content. That Asad always interpret the word amar ma'ruf with something right. While nahi munkar with the opposite meaning something is wrong. Asad revealed to do something must be in accordance with the syariah that contained the Qur'an and sunnah. Because, to reach the best community or people is always to do something in accordance with the law or syariah that prevail in Islam.

STUDI KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN ABUL A’LA MAUDUDI DENGAN MUHAMMAD NATSIR TENTANG KONSEP NEGARA ISLAM

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Ainur Ropik

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses Abul A'la Maududi comparative thoughts with Muhammad Natsir about the concept of the Islamic State, both in terms of state ideology and form of government. Despite his two live in different social settings, but his political thinking, especially about the Nation of Islam have a lot in common, yet on the other hand there is also the difference, while the striking similarities in the concept of Maududi and M. Natsir are equally wanted the establishment of an Islamic state as a whole. While the difference is the legal basis of each character is like taking Ayat al-Quran and al-Hadith different interpretation. If Maududi considers democracy as shirk, but Natsir considered legitimate democratic origin remains contrary to Islamic law.

A discussion about the version of the Bible available to Muhammad

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Hendrik G. Stoker

2017-10-01

This article offers both a response to the Muslim apologist arguments regarding biblical integrity and trustworthiness as well as explains that what Muhammad knew as the Bible through the Syriac Peshitta is essentially the same in biblical content as what most reputable Bible versions contain today. Through the efforts of labour intensive manuscript discovery and exhaustive textual criticism, both Christians and Muslims can know with precision what the early writers of both the Old and New Testament wrote as ‘inspired’ Scripture. In order for the Muslim to be consistent in following the mandate to believe all the books previously given by God as well as the Qur’an, he must believe the Syriac Peshitta, or a Bible version that is a comparable translation, in order for the Muslim mandate to make sense. Such a concession, however, places the Muslim in an extremely difficult position that needs to be discussed between Christians and Muslims if they both wish and desire to be thought of as worshiping the one true God.

INSAN KAMIL DALAM PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD NAFIS AL-BANJARI DAN ABDUSH-SHAMAD AL-FALIMBÂNÎ DALAM KITAB AD-DURR AN-NAFIS DAN SIYAR AS-SÂLIKÎN (SEBUAH STUDI PERBANDINGAN

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Rodiah Rodiah

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This paper tries to explore the concept of Insan Kamil through two books of Sufism, ad-Durr an-Nafis by Muhammad Nafis al-Banjari and Siyar as-Salikin by Abdush-Shamad al-Falimbânî. The method used in this paper comparative descriptive approach, because the studies referred to in this study aims to look at the similarities and differences of the concept of Insan Kamil contained in both books. These results indicate that the thought of Muhammad Nafis al-Banjari in the book ad-Durr an-Nafis and Abdush-Samad al-Falimbânî in the book Siyar al-Salikin against the concept of Insan Kamil has the same basic concept, in addition to the typical thinking its own distinct between the two.

Metode Darb al-Amthâl dalam Penafsiran Muhammad ‘Abduh

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Agus Salim

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Muh}ammad ‘Abduh had ground the orientation of the Koran in the line of Muslim life. In other words, interpretations are always aiming to make the Koran as well as applying the guidance in public life as a solution to the problem of street life. Therefore, associated with verses mubham and mutashâbih, ‘Abduh closer to the bow of the salaf scholars who prefer silence and surrender fully to God’s intention (tafwîd. However, on several occasions, he sometimes shifts from the bow, for example, when in contact with mutashâbih verses, verses related to the supernatural, and the stories in the Koran as may be necessary to explain in detail. In this position, he sometimes refers to methods tamthîl as tafwîd form or otherwise as a form of ta’wîl. This article will explore the darb al-amthâl in view of ‘Abduh as one method of interpreting the Koran from his works that contain related ideas and his interpretation of the Koran and the consideration of the methods of darb al-amthâl

Individuality In the Educational Philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal

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Imam Bahroni

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Nowadays, Muslim Ummah all over the world likely at the cross road,at the position where they watch clearly a phenomenon of life that directsthem into surprising modern civilization with full creativities and innovations,but far away from the true values of Islamic education. On the other hand,they observe vividly numerous dimensions of life that direct every individualinto strong morality, norms and right way of life to discover the Ultimate Reality.This social fact at the end compelled every one of modern people to selectwhich one among these two is the correct ideal for the truth of life.This article tries to elaborate the concept of individuality in the educationalphilosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal 2 . In his Lectures, Iqbal elaborated thatindividuality is not a datum but an achievement. It is the fruit of a constant,strenuous effort in and against the forces of the external environment as well asthe disruptive tendencies within man himself. The life of individuality (the Ego,he further explained is a kind of tension caused by the Ego invading theenvironment and the environment invading the Ego.An individual is the basis of all aspects of educations, which then mustbe educated and concerned together with the development of its relationshipto the community. Like the philosopher, the educator must necessarily inquireinto the nature of these two terms of his active individual and the environment,which ultimately determine the solution of all his problems.

Ten Years after the Danish Muhammad Cartoon News Stories: Terror and Radicalization as Predictable Media Events

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hervik, Peter

2018-01-01

, radicalization as a “pre-terrorist” phase has become the lens through which the category “Muslims” has been represented in much media coverage. In this article, I argue that the dominant hegemonic understanding in Denmark that is based on a certain spatial–racial logic is not a passive production of knowledge......In the tenth year after Danish daily Jyllands-Posten published twelve cartoons, the Muhammad Cartoons, this media event—and the hegemonic understanding behind it—continues to be a discursive reference point for new controversies around national borders and racial boundaries. Then, since late 2010....... It keeps informing news coverage of media events as terror and thereby risking describing the hegemony more than adequately understanding the events at hand....

The Stereotyping of Muslims : An Analysis of The New York Times’ and The Washington Times’ Coverage of Veiling and the Muhammad Cartoon Controversy

OpenAIRE

Schønemann, Julie

2013-01-01

This thesis investigates the stereotypical portrayal of Muslims in the American media. More specifically, it explores the relative importance of stereotype theory, prejudice theory and the stereotype content model in the media’s remaking and reinforcing of common stereotypes of Muslims. This study argues that that Muslims were stereotypically portrayed in The New York Times’ and The Washington Times’ coverage of the Muhammad cartoons controversy and the tradition of veiling among Muslim women...

A Mathematician Hussein Ryfky Tamani ibn Muhammad ibn Kyrym Ghazi »

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M.A. Useinov

2015-09-01

Full Text Available In this article an attempt is made to open up and make the analysis of the creative work of one of the outstanding scholar-mathematician in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 18th – beginning of the 19th centuries whose origin was from the Crimean Khanate – Hussein Ryfky Tamani ibn Muhammad ibn Kyrym Ghazi. At the beginning of the 19th century, during 11 years, the scholar was a leader (bashkhoja of the Ground forces military-engineering school (Muhendishane-i berry-i Humayun in Istanbul. The article provides a review of translations made by Hussein Ryfky into the Ottoman language of European scientists’ works, as well as of his own research works on Geometry, Engineering and Military science, Astronomy, Geography, and other disciplines. The author also presents the textbooks having for centuries become the basic textbooks in the Ottoman Empire for learning exact sciences in the military educational institutions. The author provides the analysis of the pedagogical and public activity of the scientist during the period of reforms Nizam-i-Jedid, as well as the short description of his activities during the student years. Hussein Ryfky Tamani made a synthesis of Western and Ottoman approaches to the science. His works became the corner-stone in the foundation of Ottoman Mathematical science at the beginning of the 19th century.

New Approach in Religious Studies with Special Reference to Muhammad Abid al-Jabiri

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Nirwan Syafrin

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Beginning from the nineteenth century, Arab-Muslim intelligentsias marched to reform their societies. Many things since then have been carried out. They put forward various proposals, advanced numerous ideas and concepts and established several institutions. Nevertheless, their condition has yet improved. In some context, it even deteriorates. Triggered by this situation, a number of Arab and Muslim scholars then embark on a new reform project. But at this time, their reform attempt is materialized in the form of intellectual and cultural project. For they believe that the basic problem and crisis beset their society lies in their understanding of turâts. Thus, unless this understanding is corrected, no genuine reform would be able to be materialized. Muhammad ‘Abid al-Jabiri, a Moroccan scholar, is one of the many Arab scholars who have taken this course. For this purpose, he constructed his own project which he names Naqd al-‘Aql al-‘Arabi. This article specifically attempts to shed light on conceptual apparatus and methods that he uses which this study finds to have originated from different schools of thought of western philosophy and social sciences, important of which is Marxism and postmodernism.

Tasawuf Transformatif sebagai Solusi Problematika Manusia Modern dalam Perspektif Pemikiran Tasawuf Muhammad Zuhri

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Rahmad Yulianto

2015-09-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the relevance between Sufism and modernity in the perspective Muhammad Zuhri. This study concludes that transformative Sufism which has been initiated by Zuhri is a sort of Sufism which is grounded to the spirit and values of the fundamental teachings of Sufism, shown in accordance with the context of its time, and discussed with the problems of human beings in dealing with the dynamics of life. Modern life has led to the problem of alienation. Of course, the alienation does not merely occur within individual dimensions (self-consciousness of human (alienation of consciousness, but it also occurs in their relationship to the nature (ecological alienation, and the relationship among human beings (social alienation. The point of relevance is how the human are subsequently able to build their self-consciousness toward the universe and their human brothers. Such awareness is then contextualized into the dimensions of the problems of modern man. The contextualization of this Sufi teaching makes the transformative Sufism not only actual, but also relevant in order to “liberate” the modern man from entanglement of various problems they deal with. The spirit of Sufism brought by Zuhri seems to be laden with social actions and communal aspects.

“Speeches” of Sigismund II’s Courier, Mikhail Garaburda, Addressed to the Crimean Qalga Muhammad Giray (1559

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A.A. Gorsky

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The author of the article for the first time publishes completely the “speeches” of Mikhail Garaburda – the courier of the Polish king and the Great Lithuanian prince Sigismund II – addressed to Qalga of the Crimean Khanate Muhammad Giray, which were intercepted in 1559 by the voivode D.Adashev and presented by Ivan the Terrible to the Lithuanian side in 1562. Both the embassy of Mikhail Garaburda in the Crimea and the Dnieper-Crimean campaign of D.Adashev took place in 1559. The Ambassadorial book of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania speaks about Sigismund’s charter and the “speeches” of his courier. It is noteworthy that Sigismund’s charter and M.Garaburda’s “speeches” were used by the Russian side only in the course of the negotiations in 1562, that is, three years after they had been delivered to Moscow.

Peranan Agama dalam Restorasi Peradaban Umat Islam Menurut Muhammad Fethullah Gulen

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Usman Syihab

2014-11-01

Full Text Available This article examines Muhammad Fethullah Gulen’s thought on the roles of religion in reconstruction of a civilization. The article analyzes the problem anatomy of the Ummah, concepts of civilization, relationship between identity and civilization, religion and its roles in formation of civilization identity, the “essential” conditions for Muslim’s renaissance, and the role of Islamic scholars in the renaissance process. The article reveals Gulen’s idea, that the Muslim’ crises is internal in nature, and not because of others, it is a “liability to be colonize” attitude. Religion has a vital role in construction of a civilization identity. A religion can be pillar of a civilization is a religion that has lofty goals, able to apply moral values, upgrade spiritual quality, and fulfill human’s soul needs. According to Gulen, every civilization has its links with the past and its cultural haritage, and that any attempt to reconstruct a future civilization has to consider its own cultural roots. Thus, a civilization is neither a life adopted from colonials nor values that has been deprived from its own noble values. The article, using philosophical, historical and sociological approaches, tries to analyze the “essential” conditions that able to restore Islamic civilization and spawn Muslim’s renaissance, mainly; a moral-spiritual, b knowledge, c aesthetic, and d love. The article also explains critically the roles and missions of ulamâ in making “resurrection from the grave”, renaissance and total reform of the ummah.

Epistemology And The Problem Of Cultural Hybridity In Muhammad Iqbal’s Thought

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Hawasi Hawasi

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract : The hegemony of rational-positivistic paradigm of modern Western epistemology contributes greatly to  the  development  of  modern  thought.  The  paradigm,  so  far,  brings  knowledge  and  science  into mere instrumental goals. Scientism is the result of the paradigm which lost of its sacred as science. Therefore,  it  gets  philosophical  attack  from  both  Western  postmodern  thinkers  and  indigenous scholars who already experienced Western colonialism and imperialism. One of the Moslem scholars who criticized the hegemony of Western thought to Islamic culture and civilization is Muhammad Iqbal. For Iqbal, for centuries, Muslim thinkers were unable to see Islam from Quran point of view because they perceive it from the eye of rational-speculative Greek philosophy. Islamic thinking had been under its hegemony for so long that need to be deconstructed. In the postcolonial perspective, Iqbal’s  attempt  to  decolonize  Western  rational-speculative  epistemology  from  Plato  to  Descartes found  him  in  ambivalence.  British  colonialism  experienced  by  Iqbal  in  India  formed  the  hybrid culture in his project of reconstructing Islamic thought in relation to Western thought. Therefore, Iqbal’s  attempt  to  bridge  the  gap  between  rational-speculative  of  Western  thought  and  mystic- religious tendencies of Islamic thought is a process of seeking “the Third Space” through mimicry as consequence of cultural interaction between the colonizer and the colonized. Kata-kata Kunci: decolonization of epistemology, hybrid culture, Islamic epistemology, the Third Space.   Abstrak : Hegemoni  paradigma  epistemologi  Barat  modern  yang  rasional  positivistik  berkontribusi  besar terhadap perkembangan pemikiran modern. Paradigma tersebut sejauh ini, menggiring pengetahuan dan sains pada tujuan-tujuan yang bersifat instrumental. Saintisisme merupakan

DYNAMICS OF LOCAL ISLAM: FATWA OF MUHAMMAD BASIUNI IMRAN, THE GRAND IMAM OF SAMBAS, ON THE FRIDAY PRAYER ATTENDED BY FEWER THAN FORTY PEOPLE

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Hamka Siregar

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This article is an analitical work based on local Islam dynamic of Sambas society in the era of Sambas Sultanate. The work attempts to promote intellectual heritages such as the book of Cahaya Suluh, which could at least give us an idea that in a process of setting certain rules or istinbat, there is a need for flexibility. As can be observed from the whole argument built in this book, the process is completely flexible, not merely following one school of thought. As indicated in this paper, especially in the discussion of his thought, Muhammad Basiuni Imran used various references for his propositions. Although he was an advocate of the school of Syafi’i, he was still open to the other schools of thought. As a matter of fact, in the case of Friday prayer, his position was different from the school of thought he supported. He took that position because he considered the socio cultural conditions of Sambas at the time. Intellectual spirit shown by the Grand Imam of Sambas should continue to be emulated and expanded. It is a way to avoid the ‘blind’ taqlid against a certain school of thought, as such attitude can narrow human intelligence and reasoning which will eventually lead to collision with local reality that sometimes contains values that do not contradict with religion. In addition, the approach to the interpretation of law should look at its socio-cultural and historical background as this will keep the law strong and sustainable. In this way, Islam will be easily accepted without having to impose foreign culture on local people. Keywords: Dynamic, Islam, Sambas, Grand Imam, Muhammad Basuni Imran

WAKTU PUASA ARAFAH PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMAD BIN SHALIH AL ‘UTSAYMIN: Telaah Kajian Hukum Islam dan Astronomi Islam

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Benny Afwadzi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available All this time there was a different opinion about the time for Arafah fasting. Whether to comply with the provisions of Saudi Arabia or adjust the territory of each person. In Saudi Arabia, there appears a mufti named Muhammad bin Shalih al ‘Utsaymin who holds that fasting of Arafah must follow the country where a person lives. This opinion is interesting because it is different from other Salafis, such as ‘Abd al ‘Aziz bin Baz, Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat and HTI. Using the analytical tools of Islamic law and Islamic astronomy, the authors conclude that the fatwa issued by al ‘Utsaymin is considered quite representative, because considering the locality of a country, realizing the time of worship should adjust the kamariyah time of the country, and also in accordance with the mathla‘ in the form of mathla‘ wilayah al hukmi. Opinions as expressed by al ‘Utsaymin is conformable with the implementation of the time of the fasting of Arafat by the majority of Muslims in Indonesia.

"Backdoor" kunstnikku testimas / Rael Artel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Artel, Rael, 1980-

1999-01-01

Festival "Backdoor media'99" alapealkirjaga 'Fassaadid kodututele' Tallinnas. Performance Tammsaare monumendi juures (kuraator Hanno Soans), Silja Saarepuu video kerjamiskarpidest, Andrus Kõresaare ja Jouni Partaneni videod kerjustest, Marko Raadi dokumentaalfilm 'Esteetilistel põhjustel' (peaosas Andres Kurg), tekstikogumik ehk samizdat (toimetaja Katrin Kivimaa).

AL ITTIJAHAT AL MUNHARIFAH FI AT TAFSIR LI BADLI ASHAB AL MADZAHIB AL NAHWIYYAH WA BADL MAN YAJHALUNA QAWAID AL LUGHAH AL ARABIYYAH FI NADHAR MUHAMMAD HUSAIN AL DZAHABIY

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Misbakhudin Misbakhudin

2017-06-01

Full Text Available One of the most precious achievement in qur’anic studies was the book of Al-Ittijâhât al-Munharifah fî al-Tafsîr: Dawâfi’uha wa Daf’uha written by A great Islamic scholar, Muhammad Husein al-Dzahabî. He was succeeded in discussing several issues of corruptions of the exegesis of the holy Qur’an. This article is aimed to explain and to describe his analysis toward several corrupted linguist interpretations in their originations and such corrupted linguistic interpretations of the holy Qur’an which are ignoring Arabic structures and grammers

IJITIHAD SULTAN MUHAMMAD IDRUS KAIMUDDIN IBNU BADARUDDIN AL BUTHUNI (1824-1851: Akulturasi Islam dengan Budaya di Kesultanan Buton

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Basrin Melamba

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The coming of Islam in the Buton Sultanate has brought a change in the social, political, even in the intellectual aspects. It produced scholars with the thought or ijitihad as a blend of Islamic and local cultures. One of the scholars as well as Buton Sultan was Muhammad Idrus Kaimuddin Ibnu Badaruddin Al Buthuni (1824-1851. His thought or ijitihad found the essence of the concept of manners according to the teachings of the ancestors in kabanti Bula Malino. His several works became the guidance of the public and court authorities in the Sultanate of Buton which were basically rooted from the teachings of Islam. Kaimuddin’s thought in terms of ethics, morals, manners, or advice showed his horizons of knowledge and the depth of leadership thought. The magnitude of Islamic influence in some of his works proves the enduring process of Islamic acculturation done continuously and deeply since the era of Buton Islamic empire. Kaimuddin’s thought is essentially a formation process of Buton’s civilization centered on the palace and passed to Buton society in general through the process of cultural dialogue between Buton culture (Wolio and Islam.

Thinking Muhammad Legenhausen's Non-Reductive Pluralism Through: Some Reflections about its Implications

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STEFANO BIGLIARDI

2014-12-01

Full Text Available One of the most vibrant contemporary philosophical debates concerns the definition, and defence, of religious pluralism. The philosophers who address such a topic usually hold widely divergent views regarding its exact definition and the arguments through which it can be upheld. The absence of a general consensus notwithstanding, the debate on religious pluralism has ‘de facto’ become an important area of dialogue between different religions in general, and between Christianity and Islam in particular. At stake in the present paper is the discussion of pluralism developed by the US-American-Persian philosopher Muhammad (Gary Carl Legenhausen (b. 1953, that he presents as a criticism of the views of the late British theologian John Harwood Hick (1922-2012. Hick developed his views mainly influenced by Christianity, yet he also took into account some ideas advanced by Muslim authors. Legenhausen, a convert to Islam, puts forth his own version of pluralism in the framework of a discussion of the concept as it has emerged within Christianity, and advances a refutation of Hick's view complementary to his own theory of pluralism. The aim of the present pages is to offer an overview of Legenhausen’s contribution and discuss some of its possible implications and premises. In other words, rather than producing a defence of Legenhausen’s theory, this study is to analyse the logic behind and beyond his specific ‘Muslim proposal’ and explain what some of its unstated premises might be, as well as the consequences of fully embracing such stance, for philosophers, – not only Muslims ones –, interested in understanding religion from a religious point of view and in advocating that religious differences should not turn into a reason of animosity. The paper is divided into two main sections. The first one reconstructs Legenhausen's version of religious pluralism, while especially recalling the points with which it is presented as clashing with

Shaft line systems draw the line systems (Kawam Din Muhammad ibn Mohammed Hussein al-Husseini (رمح الخط في نظم رسم الخط نظم (قوام الدين محمد بن محمد حسين الحسيني

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Qassim Raheem Hassan المدرس. قاسم رحيم حسن

2011-06-01

Full Text Available We pray For Allah For Aid and Praise be to Allah, and peace be upon Muhammad and The God of the good and virtuous, and companions Almentajabin. After A. Scientists in this science a lot of acronyms and shaft line one important condensed systems in line and spelling rules which was written by Mirza strength Din Muhammad ibn Muhammad Mahdi al-Husseini Saifi Qazwini Alhily. The flag line systems of healing morphological eyebrow. Finished their Isfahan years (1123 AH and explained disciple famous with Mawla Mohsen and Alnhoi Qazwini. He called his explanation (font calendar not only governing the organized aware the systems in all branches of knowledge Fenrah regulated in the account (Account Summary and (systems message astrolabe In fiqh (systems Includes index In praise (Ithnaa Ashraat in Madaih In ethics him Orjosp has Orjosp in jurisprudence has Orjosp in the statement has Orjosp in intonation has Orjosp modulated with Orjosp in equalizer and Altrajih name of justice and charity has Orjosp in census Quran and some rules of Quran has Orjosp in exchange has Orjosp has Orjosp in as he has a cabinet Saifi Qazwini has Alchukaat almonzomma and Nozim Zobdat Alssol with the statement in the science system.

Teatr v kino ili kino v teatre? / Rein Veidemann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Veidemann, Rein, 1946-

2008-01-01

Võimalusest jälgida Metropolitan Opera lavastusi kinolavalt Tallinna kobarkinos ja Tartu kinos Ekraan. The Metropolitan Operas 26. IX etendunud R. Straussi ooperist "Salome", lavastaja J. Flimm, dirigent P. Summers, peaosas K. Mattila.

Analysis and Study of Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i's Theory about the origin of secondary philosophical intelligibles using Morteza Motahhari's Commenting

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Alireza Dorri Nogoorani

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Secondary philosophical intelligibles are general philosophical concepts such as existence, non-existence, cause, effect and accident on which the life of Islamic philosophy depends. Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'I has tried to propose a comprehensive theory about the way through which secondary philosophical intelligibles are originated. He believes that these intelligibles are first understood through relational concepts and then non-relational concepts are abstracted from those relational ones and generalized. This article tries to give a clear formulation of the theory with four phases (in addition to its foundations using Tabataba'i's works and Motahhari's comments. The resuts of this research study shows that these concepts are not delusion. It also depicts that these concepts are not extracted from internal or external experiences or primordial human nature (fitrah but are created from perceptive faculty. In addition, some other key issues to which Allameh has not paid enough attention, such as how to generalize the concept of secondary intelligible which has been abstracted from a special mental state to the whole world and the relationship between secondary intelligible obtained in the mind and the object to which the secondary intelligible refers, have been stated and the researcher has tried to find answers for these questions.

75 FR 2853 - False Killer Whale Take Reduction Team Meeting

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-19

... interactions in Hawaiian waters. Pacific Science 59:593-601. Carretta J.V., K.A. Forney, M.S. Lowry, J. Barlow....S. Lowry, J. Barlow, J. Baker, D. Johnston, B. Hanson, R.L. Brownell Jr., J. Robbins, D.K. Mattila...

Interview with Muhammad Affan Othman on Small Changes

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Vahid Nimehchisalem

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Small Changes, a community organization in Malaysia (www.smallchangesmy.org, was founded in 2011 to raise funds and provide support for underprivileged individuals in the community. With an interesting tagline of Cultivating Volunteerism, Empowering Generations this community organizations has raised hundreds of thousands and has attracted tens of Malaysian students from local and overseas universities. The team consists of an enthusiastic group of young Malaysians who believe that it is possible to create big differences in the community with small changes. I had the pleasure of meeting the team in one of their social event in Kuala Lumpur. What you are going to read is the responses provided by the Vice President of Strategic Planning Unit, Mr. Muhammad Affan Othman, who kindly consented to an E-mail interview. The interview VN[1]: Perhaps we could start with a short introduction of Small Changes. Could you please tell our readers about your organization and its objective? MAO[2]: Small Changes started from an idea coined by our founders in which they aspire to create social awareness by making one small change at a time. For example, they started helping flood victims in flood prone locations in Malaysia such as in Kelantan and reaching out orphanage by offering them some help in terms of financial aid. As the organization grows, they started diving into more projects that have diverse aims such as tackling education inequality, which is translated into our Seeds of Deeds initiative, which has been done annually since 2014. However, since 2016, Small Changes has decided to shift gears and start to focus on becoming an organization that offers a platform for volunteering for youths and at the same time empowering both its volunteers and its beneficiaries. These will be made possible through our projects that allow Malaysian youths to participate and become empowered as they are actively participating in a nation building effort. Through these

Links between the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) recommended foods and disease management: A review in the light of modern superfoods.

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Sharique A; Parveen, Naima; Ali, Ayesha S

2018-01-01

Nutrition and other bioactive natural products present in specific foods within a balanced diet play an indispensable role in maintaining and promoting human health. Plants are rich sources of a balanced nutrition because of high content of bioactive products; hence, most of them recently have acquired the status of superfoods. It has been used since ancient times for the treatment of various ailments, and these traditional medicines still remain as one of the most affordable and easily accessible sources of treatment in the primary health-care system. The scientifically based use of these superfoods date back to the era of Prophet Muhammad along with other historical uses of plant products. Prescription of a large number of herbal foods such as dates, pomegranate, olives, figs, grapes, and black seeds was successfully proposed by him. These recently have become superfoods with their powerful healing properties and act as favorable dietary interventions for disease prevention as well as for the good maintenance of health. The use of these foods as ingredients of natural origin with fewer side effects seems to be more favorable than the chemical treatment, which is often complicated. The present review is an attempt to provide a brief survey of the literature on scientifically based significance of these superfoods carried out by various researchers and exploration of a wide spectrum of their pharmacological actions which include antidiabetic, anticancer, immune modulator, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 4851 - 4900 of 11090 ... Salman Mushtaq, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, Syed Zia Ul Hasan, Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Asif Shehzad, Rizwan Rafique, Misbah Rasheed, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal. Vol 7, No 24 (2008), Evaluation of seed production of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clonal seed orchard with cone ...

chemotherapy at the uch, ibadan.

African Journals Online (AJOL)

(Review) Neurologia, Neurochirurga Polska 1999;. 33(6): 1425—33. 2. Tarja Tertu Pelliniemi, Kerty Irjsla, Kri Mattila Kari Pulkki,. Allah Rajamaki et al. Immunoreactive Interkeukin-6 and Acute. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, December 2001, Vol. 4(2) phase proteins as prognostic factors in multiple myeloma. Blood.

Muusikamaailm : "Passioon 2000" Stuttgardis. Ojai festivalilt. Boulez dirigeerib ka Edinburghis. Placido Domingo Helsingis / Priit Kuusk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kuusk, Priit, 1938-

2000-01-01

Stuttgardi Rahvusvahelisel Bachi Akadeemia korraldataval Euroopa muusikafestivalil ettekandele tulevatest "tänapäevastest passioonidest". Ojai muusikafestivalist Jaapanis. P. Boulezi 75. sünnipäevale pühendatud kontserdisari "Boulez 2000" jõudis ka Edinburghi festivalile. P. Domingo kontserdist Helsingi olümpiastaadionil, K. Mattila kontserdist Helsingi Areenal

Impact of different moisture regimes and nitrogen rates on yield and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Impact of different moisture regimes and nitrogen rates on yield and yield attributes of maize (Zea mays L.) Muhammad Maqsood, Muhammad Asif Shehzad, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar, Hafiz Tassawar Abbas, Salman Mushtaq ...

Ooper tuleb kinosaali / Christel Karits

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karits, Christel, 1966-

2008-01-01

Forum Cinemas toob oktoobrist maini Tallinnas Coca-Cola Plazas ja Tartus Ekraanis publikuni New Yorgi Metropolitan Opera etenduste HD-otseülekanded: Richard Straussi "Salome" (peaosas Karitta Mattila), "Orfeus ja Eurydike", "Lucia di Lammermoor", "Madame Butterfly", "La Sonnambula" ja "Tuhkatriinu", etenduste vaheajal näeb vaataja intervjuusid ooperitähtedega

Isolation and identification of flavonoids from anticancer and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Isolation and identification of flavonoids from anticancer and neuroprotective extracts of Trigonella foenum graecum. Shabina Ishtiaq Ahmed, Muhammad Qasim Hayat, Saadia Zahid, Muhammad Tahir, Qaisar Mansoor, Muhammad Ismail, Kristen Keck, Robert Bates ...

Ibn Tufail : tema aeg, elu ja koht islami-araabia filosoofia ajaloos / Haljand Udam

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Udam, Haljand, 1936-2005

2001-01-01

Varem ilmunud järelsõnana raamatus: Elav Ärganu poeg. Tallinn : Olion, 1992. 12. sajandil Araabia Hispaanias elanud filosoof Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Tufail. Tema põhiteosest, filosoofilisest jutustusest "Elav Ärganu poeg"

Molecular characterization of capsid protein gene of potato virus X ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Molecular characterization of capsid protein gene of potato virus X from Pakistan. Arshad Jamal, Idrees Ahmad Nasir, Bushra Tabassum, Muhammad Tariq, Abdul Munim Farooq, Zahida Qamar, Mohsin Ahmad Khan, Nadeem Ahmad, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Saleem Haider, M. Arshad Javed, Tayyab Husnain ...

Journal of Genetics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Genetic analysis of a consanguineous Pakistani family with Leber congenital amaurosis identifies a novel mutation in GUCY2D gene. Muzammil Ahmad Khan Verena Rupp Muhammad Ayaz Khan Muhammad Pervaiz Khan Muhammad Ansar Christian Windpassinger. Research Note Volume 93 Issue 2 August 2014 pp ...

Sibelius: Kullervo, Op. 7. Eeva-Liisa Saarinen / Robert Layton

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Layton, Robert

1994-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Sibelius: Kullervo, Op. 7. Eeva-Liisa Saarinen, Jorma Hynninen. Estonian State Academic Male Choir, Helsinki University Male Choir, Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra / Paavo Berglund. EMI Matrix CD CDM 565080-2 (72 minutes); Comparative versions: Mattila, Hynninen, Gothenburg SO / Järvi (1/87)(BIS)CD 313; Rorholm, Hynninen, Los Angeles PO / Salonen (7/93)(SONY)SK 52563

Helsingis toimub / Maria-Kristiina Soomre

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soomre, Maria-Kristiina, 1978-

2001-01-01

Järgmiseks 5-aastakuks asub Helsingi Taidehalli juhi kohale filosoofiamagister Maija Tanninen-Mattila. Helsingi kolme keskse näitusepaiga näitusi: Anish Kapoori väljapanek Taidehallis (25. VIII-30. IX); "The art of Star Wars" Tennispalatsis (15. VIII-12. I 2002); ARS 01 "Kolmas ruum" "Kiasmas" (30. IX-20. I 2002 - eesti kunstnikest valitud Marko Mäetamm).

ASPM

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Jane

2011-07-11

Jul 11, 2011 ... microcephaly associated (ASPM) gene mutation is a major cause of primary microcephaly in Pashtoon ethnic group of Pakistan. Shamim Saleha1, Muhammad Ajmal2, Muhammad Jamil1, Muhammad Nasir2 and Abdul. Hameed2*. 1Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University ...

ETIKA BISNIS ISLAMI DALAM PRAKTEK BISNIS RASULULLAH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Saifullah

2011-06-01

Kajian sejarah mengenai perilaku dan etika bisnis Muhammad sebelum ditunjuk sebagai nabi merupakan kajian yang menarik, karena peri laku dan etika bisnis yang diterapkan oleh Muhammad didasarkan pada kajian ayat-ayat al-Qur’an. Setelah ditunjuk sebagai nabi (usia 40 tahun, kehidupan Nabi Muhammad lebih dibimbing oleh wahyu-wahyu al-Qur’an. Beberapa prinsip yang diterapkan oleh Muhammad adalah jujur, amanah, timbangan yang tepat, menghindari gharar, tidak menimbun barang, tidak melakukan al-ghalb dan tadlis di antara penjual dengan pembeli.

Browse Author Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 47 of 47 ... Ikhuoria, E.U. · Ikiz, Serkan · Ikram, Muhammad · Ikram, Muhammad · Ilomo, O. O. · Ilomo, O.O. · Ilukhor, P.E.P. · Imanieh, Hossein · Imeokparia, F.E. · Imran, M. Inayat, M. Ipinmoroti, K.O. · Iqbal, M. Iqbal Choudhary, M. Iqbal Choudhary, Muhammad · Iranmanesh, P. Irfan, A. Irfan, A. Irina, Justin · Isabirye, D.A.

AKTOR PEMBENTUK JARINGAN PESANTREN DI SULAWESI SELATAN 1928-1952

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Syamsuddin Arief

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Anre Gurutta Haji (A.G.H Muhammad As’ad is one of the actors of forming Islamic Boarding Schools in South Sulawesi. He went back from Makkah and went to Sengkang-Wajo in 1928. He graduated from al-Falah Makkah Mukarramah. He studied to the great Ulamas in the Mesjidil Haram (Haram Mosque. Among of his teachers were Syekh Abdul Rasyid al-Bugis, Syekh Ambo Wellang al-Bugis, Syekh Abbas Abdul Jabbar al-Bugis, Syekh Mallawa al-Bugis, Syekh Umar Hamdani (the traditional expert, Syekh Ahmad Azdirin, Syekh Jamal Makki, Syekh al-Abrar, Syekh Muhammad Said al-Yamani, and Syekh Hasan al-Yamani. Another students of A.G.H Muhammad As’ad who helped as teachers such as A.G.H Abdurrah-man Ambo Dalle, A.G.H Daud Ismail, A.G.H Yunus Maratn, Hamzah Badawi, Abdul Malik Muhammad, A.G.H Muhammad Abduh Pabbaja, Abdul Muin Yusuf, and Abdul Azis (North Luwu.

African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i6.9 .... Muhammad Abuzar Ghaffari, Bashir Ahmed Chaudhary, Muhammad Uzair, Khuram Ashfaq, 194-198 ... Abdelkader Benhelima, Zohra Kaid-Omar, Houari Hemida, Tarek Benmahdi, Ahmed Addou, 204-214.

The hidden costs of installing xpert machines in a tuberculosis high ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The hidden costs of installing xpert machines in a tuberculosis high-burden country: experiences from Nigeria. Saddiq Tsimiri Abdurrahman, Nnamdi Emenyonu, Olusegun Joshua Obasanya, Lovett Lawson, Russell Dacombe, Muhammad Muhammad, Olanrewaju Oladimeji, Luis Eduardo Cuevas ...

Mikrolaenude ristiisa hoiatab liiga kiire kasvu eest / Kaire Talviste

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Talviste, Kaire, 1979-

2008-01-01

2006. aastal vaesusega võitlemise eest Nobeli rahupreemia saanud Bangladeshi majandusteadlasest Muhammad Yunusest, kelle asutatud Grameeni väikepank annab jõukohaseid mikrolaene vaestele. Lisa: Muhammad Yunus; Laenude teine nägu; Üks näide

77 FR 70548 - Designation of one (1) individual Pursuant to Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-26

... follows: Individual 1. AL-MUSAWI, Ali Mussa Daqduq (a.k.a. 'ABD AL-YUNIS, Hamid Majid; a.k.a. AL-LAMI.... AL-MUSAWI, Hamid Muhammad Jabur; a.k.a. AL-MUSUI, Hamid Muhammad Jabur; a.k.a. DAQDUQ, Ali Mussa; a.k...

Journal of Chemical Sciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Mohammad Sadiq1 Muhammad Ali1 Rashid Iqbal1 Khalid Saeed1 Aimal Khan1 Muhammad Naveed Umar1 Haroon Ur Rashid2. Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, ...

African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 11, No 46 (2012)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Punjabi population data for seven X-chromosome short tandem repeat (X-STR) loci using a new miniplex system · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Muhammad Israr, Ahamad Ali Shahid, Ziaur Rahman, Muhammad Saqib Shahzad, Obaid Ullah, ...

African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 11, No 62 (2012)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Production of pectinase by Bacillus subtilis EFRL 01 in a date syrup medium · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Abdul Sattar Qureshi, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto, Yusuf Chisti, Imrana Khushk, Muhammad Umar Dahot, Safia Bano, 12563-12570 ...

The Role of Social Media in Higher Education : Case KTUAS Faculty of Business and Culture

OpenAIRE

Mattila, Katja

2012-01-01

Mattila, Katja. 2012. The Role of Social Media in Higher Education: Case KTUAS Faculty of Business and Culture. Master’s Thesis. Kemi-Tornio University of Applied Sciences. Business and Culture. Pages 72. Appendices 1 - 3. The main objective of this thesis is to delineate the role and implications of the use of social media in educational work in higher education as well as discuss the influences social media use has on the everyday work within the case organization. The case organization ...

Pienlentokoneen sisustuksessa käytettävät tekstiilit

OpenAIRE

Soili, Heidi

2014-01-01

Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli ottaa selvää ilma-aluksissa käytettävien sisustustekstiilien ominaisuuksista ja niille asetetuista vaatimuksista. Lisäksi tarkoituksena oli testata kahta eri lentokoneen sisustuksessa käytettävän verhoilutekstiilin laatuominaisuuksia. Opinnäytetyön teettäjä oli Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulun kone- ja tuotantotekniikan lehtori ja ilmailuharrastaja Jaakko Mattila. Opinnäytetyö liittyy Mattilan omistamaan nelipaikkaiseen Cessna M172 Skyhawk -pienlentokoneesee...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Samina Shahid, Shafiq ur Rehman, Ahmad Adnan. Vol 7, No 25 (2008), Sucrose assimilation and ... Abdul Mateen, Shaukat Hussain, Shams Ur Rehman, Basharat Mahmood, Muhammad Aslam Khan, Abdul Rashid, Majid Sohail, Muhammad Farooq, S Jawad Ahmed Shah. Vol 8, No 22 (2009), Sulfuric acid and hot water ...

Hypertension in Adults: Part 2. Assessment and management

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Angel_D

Dr Muhammad Ilyas, Specialist Registrar Acute Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Isle of Wight, UK muhammad_ilyas73@yahoo.com. (Part 1. Prevalence, types, causes and effects was published in volume 2 issue 3 ... peripheral oedema ... Electrocardiogram for cardiac rhythm and ... and oils come from plant foods and fish.

Journal of Genetics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Genetics. MUHAMMAD UMAIR. Articles written in Journal of Genetics. Volume 96 Issue 6 December 2017 pp 1005-1014 Research article. Ellis–van Creveld syndrome and profound deafness resulted by sequence variants in the EVC/EVC2 and TMC1 genes · MUHAMMAD UMAIR HEIDE ...

Operation set for 2018 as regulator considers olkiluoto-3 licence application

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kraev, Kamen [NucNet, Brussels (Belgium)

2017-02-15

Finland has announced progress with its delayed nuclear project and has confirmed it will not be affected by anomalies discovered in some components manufactured for EPRs in France. The Olkiluoto-3 European Pressurised Reactor (EPR) nuclear plant under construction in Finland is on schedule to begin commercial operation in 2018 with the country's regulator preparing a safety assessment that will pave the way for fuel loading. Jouni Silvennoinen, senior vice-president for Olkiluoto-3 at Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO), told NucNet that fuel loading at the EPR plant, which is nine years behind schedule, is expected in the spring of 2018. He said construction and licensing of the plant are progressing.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 8751 - 8800 of 11090 ... Vol 11, No 62 (2012), Production of pectinase by Bacillus subtilis EFRL 01 in a date syrup medium, Abstract PDF. Abdul Sattar Qureshi, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto, Yusuf Chisti, Imrana Khushk, Muhammad Umar Dahot, Safia Bano. Vol 5, No 18 (2006), Production of peptone from soya beans ...

Olaitan and Muhammad (12)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DELL

various selective media such as MacConkey agar, mannitol salt agar .... Yemen. Journal of Pharmacy and. Pharmacognosy Research.3(1), 6 – 12. Amira, E. E., Abdel, M. E. S. ... of Natural and Social Sciences.2: 54 – 59. Ferreria, A. C., Morais ...

Shalawatan: Pembelajaran Akhlak Kalangan Tradisionalis

OpenAIRE

Mawardi, Kholid

2015-01-01

Shalawat is welfare pray and honor greeting to Nabi Muhammad SAW. For traditionalist Muslim, shalawatan or activity to recite shalawat can’t be separated with their paradigm about iman. Shalawatan tradition amongst this community also has purpose to transform noble akhlak (character) of Nabi Muhammad SAW to their daily activity, both in ibadah (ritual) or muamalah (worldly activity).

Aesthetics of the Classical Period of the Islamic Mughal Empire in India through a Portrait of Abū al-Fath Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar

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Nina PETEK

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The reign of Abū al-Fath Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar (1556–1605 was a fruitful period of the political, cultural and spiritual synthesis of Persian, Indian, and European tradition, as well as an artistic and aesthetic renaissance. This cosmopolitan, universal and charismatic ruler strived for the external, political, material and spiritual well-being of his colourful empire. In search of a balance between the external and internal, and in his endeavours for the unification and uniformity of India he gradually created a completely new style of Mughal arts, which is a stunning reflection of his personality’s transformations, principles, insights, interests, and spiritual growth. The paper focuses on a psychological portrait of the ruler, who dictated aesthetics and the style of the classical period of Mughal arts which consists of the three basic developmental phases of Akbar’s enigmatic character. The thesis on the parallel development of Akbar’s personality and Mughal arts is supported by research on the influence of certain European and Persian aesthetic elements, and mainly on the influence of Indian philosophical-religious tradition (the doctrines on rasa, bhakti, yoga, and tantra. The early period of Mughal arts, with predominantly realistic elements, coincides with the ruler’s dynamic, youthful enthusiasm and immense curiosity to acquaint himself the most varied aspects of external events and appearances. The second, the mature period, which enriches this earlier realism by means of mystical elements and the symbolism of Indian pre-Mughal painting, is marked by the shift into the interior and by searching for the harmony between the material and spiritual. In the late period of Mughal painting, however, reflexive and lyrical works prevail, which are a reflection of completion of Akbar’s spiritual quests, and the unique project of multifaceted synthesis that he undertook and promoted.

أواصر العناصر الكونية من منظور الأستاذ النورسي - Dr. ‘Uthman Muhammad Gharib: The Bonds of the Universal Elements from the Viewpoint of Bedi‘uzzaman al-Nursi

OpenAIRE

غريب, د. عثمان محمد

2015-01-01

أواصر العناصر الكونية من منظور ا أواصر العناصر الكونيةمن منظور الأستاذ بديع الزمان النورسي -ABSTRACT- The Bonds of the Universal Elements from the Viewpoint of Bedi'uzzaman al-Nursi Dr. 'Uthman Muhammad Gharib The researcher indicates the bonds of the elements of the universe as reflected in the "Nur Letters", which is a vision that elucidates the comprehensive identity of man. That identity is connected to the manifestations of existence and elements in the universe and i...

Impelemtasi Strategi Pemasaran Rasulullah Dalam Konteks Kontemporer (Analisis Di Swalayan Pamella YOGYAKARTA Dan La Tansa Gontor Ponorogo)

OpenAIRE

Sahroni, Abdullah

2015-01-01

Rasulullah's Marketing strategy based on Muhammad Suyanto book “Muhammad Bisuness Strategy and Ethics” are; product strategy is halalan thayyiban goods, price strategy based on the principle of concensual and market's price, place positioning is preferred in the market and strategys place and promotion strategy is more emphasis on the relationship with the costumer. This research is meant to scrutinize and understand rasulullah's marketing strategy at Pamella minimarket and La Tansa. This res...

Hizb ut-Tahrir: A Threat Behind a Legal Facade?

Science.gov (United States)

2006-06-01

private, public, and state. Produced wealth out of ownership belongs to God alone and the state ensures appropriate taxation , to include kharaj and...is the word of God, revealed to and recited by Muhammad, later written down and distributed in a canonical form by his successors. However, the...the collection of loose papyrus-leaves from Hafsa (a widow of Muhammad) in order to have them bound into a single volume. Uthman canoned and

Evaluation of Three Commercial Backpack Sprayers with Aqualuer (registered trademark) 20-20 Against Caged Adult Aedes aegypti

Science.gov (United States)

2016-03-11

Sprayers with Aqualuer® 20–20 Against Caged Adult Aedes Aegypti Author(s): Derrick Conover, Ali Fulcher, Michael L. Smith, Muhammad Farooq, Marcia K... AEDES AEGYPTI DERRICK CONOVER,1 ALI FULCHER,1 MICHAEL L. SMITH,1 MUHAMMAD FAROOQ,2 MARCIA K. GAINES1 AND RUI-DE XUE1,3 ABSTRACT. Three commercially...adult Aedes aegypti in semifield trials in northeastern Florida. Two battery-powered sprayers, Birchmeier and Hudson, were compared with the standard

2029-IJBCS-Article-Muhammad abdullahi

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

NUS have the potential to fight malnutrition and improve human health particularly ... pulp for yoghurt production using different mixtures of milk and A. digitata fruit pulp powder in ratios of 4:1,. 3:2, 2:3, ..... characteristic flavor of yoghurt. Ibrahim ...

50 - 55_Muhammad and Massawe

African Journals Online (AJOL)

USER

2015-06-01

Jun 1, 2015 ... PHOTOSYNTHETIC GAS EXCHANGE AND CHLOROPHYLL IN BAMBARA ... The study evaluated the response of two Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. ..... processes due to the decreased tissue water content.

IMPELENTASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN RASULULLAH DALAM KONTEKS KONTEMPORER (Analisis di Swalayan Pamella Yogyakarta dan La Tansa Gontor Ponorogo)

OpenAIRE

Sahroni, Abdullah

2016-01-01

Rasulullah’s Marketing strategy based on Muhammad Suyanto book “Muhammad Bisuness Strategy and Ethics” are; product strategy is halalan thayyiban goods, price strategy based on the principle of concensual and market’s price, place positioning is preferred in the market and strategys place and promotion strategy is more emphasis on the relationship with the costumer. This research is meant to scrutinize and understand rasulullah’s marketing strategy at Pamella minimarket and La Tansa. This res...

Ibn Rushd, Abu'l Waleed Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad [known as Averroes] (1128-98)

Science.gov (United States)

Murdin, P.

2000-11-01

Islamic philosopher, lawyer, physician and astronomer, born in Cordoba, Spain, became physician to the Caliph of Morocco. Ibn Rushd's controversial views on philosophy—he was the greatest Islamic proponent of ARISTOTLE—led to the burning of his books and banishment by the Caliph. He wrote numerous books (87 survive) dealing with philosophy, logic, medicine, jurisprudence and astronomy, which ...

Masa Depan Partai Politik Islam dalam Pertarungan Pemilu 2009

OpenAIRE

Purwanto, Yedi

2009-01-01

As the majority in this country, the Moslems have an important role in determining who and what party will win the upcoming general election this year and then lead this country for the next five years. Dealing with leadership, Moslems believe that Prophet Muhammad is the best leader ever in the world. However, some Moslem intellectuals argued that Prophet Muhammad was only a religious leader, instead of a political leader. This article discusses any issues on the leadership of Prophet Muhamm...

Religious Pluralism and Civic Rights in a “Muslim Nation”: An Analysis of Prophet Muhammad’s Covenants with Christians

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Craig Considine

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This article examines the roles that religious pluralism and civic rights played in Prophet Muhammad’s vision of a “Muslim nation”. I demonstrate how Muhammad desired a pluralistic society in which citizenship and equal rights were granted to all people regardless of religious beliefs and practices. The Covenants of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of his time are used as a framework for analysis. These documents have received little attention in our time, but their messages are crucial in light of current debates about Muslim-Christian relations. The article campaigns for reviving the egalitarian spirit of the Covenants by refocusing our understanding of the ummah as a site for religious freedom and civil rights. Ultimately, I argue that the Covenants of Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of his time can be used to develop a stronger narrative of democratic partnership between Muslims and Christians in the “Islamic world” and beyond.

The Islamic Education Methods in Al-Quran

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Kemas Abdul Hai

2017-06-01

Full Text Available When the Prophet Muhammad was appointed as an apostle, the first commandment from Allah to him was to read, because reading is a symbol towards the mastery of science. As an educator of the Messenger of Allah, whatever he does is guided directly from Allah SWT through the verses revealed to him (al-Qur'an. His success in educating humanity is the background of this essay. That is by looking from the Qur'an as information and references used in the Prophet Muhammad SA in educating people. In this article, I described the three global principles in defending (educating through the Qur'an Surah an-Nahl verse 125 consisting of the al-Hikmah, al-mau'izah al-hasanah, and al-mujadalah. I also discussed the method of these three principles that the Prophet Muhammad has made as the best example in educating humanity. Its success is not only recognized by Muslims but also non-Muslims.

TELAAH KRITIS TERHADAP HADIS MISOGINIS

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Syamsul Hadi Untung

2012-03-01

Full Text Available One aspect that was criticized by liberal feminists in Islam is the hadith of Prophet Muhammad PBUH. This group accused some hadith of Prophet Muhammad PBUH anti to women. They call it misogynistic hadith. Surprisingly, the first pioneer of this discourse is a Muslim woman named Fatima Mernissi. In her book Women and Islam: An Historical and Theological Enquiry, Mernissi has written two sub-chapters examinedthe hadith assumed as misogynistic. This discourse became a serious debate among Muslim scholars. In Islam, fighting for justice and equality for women should be based on the al-Quran and al-Sunnah, so that when one of the sources questioned will rise the restlessness among Muslims. This article tries to study and examine Mernissi’s statement and study about hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH which described as  misogynistic hadith. This needs to be done, so get the correct meaning and wisdom related to the Prophetic traditions.

Prime Minister of Pakistan visits CERN

CERN Multimedia

Anaïs Schaeffer

2016-01-01

On Saturday, 23 January 2016, CERN welcomed Mr Muhammad Nawaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan.   From left to right: Minister of Finance Mr Mohammad Ishaq Dar, Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif, CERN Director-General Fabiola Gianotti and CMS national contact physicist Hafeez Hoorani. Mr Muhammad Nawaz Sharif arrived at Point 5 in Cessy, where he was welcomed onto French soil by the sous-préfet of Cessy, Stéphane Donnot, and, representing CERN, Director-General Fabiola Gianotti, Directors Eckhard Elsen and Charlotte Warakaulle, and Rüdiger Voss, the adviser for relations with Pakistan. It was the first visit by a head of government of Pakistan since the country became CERN's latest Associate Member State in July 2015. The Prime Minister then had the opportunity to visit the CMS underground experimental area accompanied by the CMS Spokesperson, Tiziano Camporesi, and the CMS collaboration’...

Identification of risk factors for hepatitis B and C in Peshawar, Pakistan

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Shafiq M

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Shafiq,1 Muhammad Nadeem,2 Zeeshan Sattar,3 Sohaib Mohammad Khan,2 Sheikh Muhammad Faheem,4 Irfan Ahsan,5 Rabia Naheed,6 Tahir Mehmood Khattak,2 Shahzad Akbar,7 Muhammad Talha Khan,3 Muhammad Ilyas Khan,1 Muhammad Zubair Khan8 1Department of Internal Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, University Town, Peshawar, 2Department of General Surgery, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Khyber Medical College, University Campus, Peshawar, 4Department of Neurology, King Edward Medical University, Anarkali, Lahore, Pakistan; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; 6Department of Internal Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, 7Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Andar Shehr, Peshawar, 8Department of Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Hayat Abad, Pakistan Background: Hepatitis B and C need immediate worldwide attention as the infection rates are too high. More than 240 million people have chronic (long-term liver infections. Every year, about 600,000 people die globally due to the acute or chronic consequences of hepatitis B and more than 350,000 people die from hepatitis C-related liver diseases. Methods: Our study was designed as a case-control, descriptive study. It was conducted through formal interviews by using structured questionnaires. A total of 100 cases were included, with four controls for each case. Results: This study confirms household contact, history of dental work, history of surgery, sexual contact, and history of transfusion (blood and its components as the main risk factors which are responsible for the increased prevalence of hepatitis. Conclusion: The important risk factors, responsible for the high prevalence of hepatitis B and C in our society are household contact, history of dental work, history of surgery, sexual contact, and history of transfusion (blood and its components. The odds ratio of

Human embryology and the holy quran: an overview.

Science.gov (United States)

Saadat, Sabiha

2009-01-01

Man's quest to know about his origin has led him to search his roots and the best source for him has been religious scriptures. The greatest miracle is the Holy Quraan. There is an elegant description of origin, development and step by step developmental stages of intra-uterine life in Quraan. Muslims had this knowledge in 7th century and the Prophet Muhammad's Ahadeeth (sayings, deeds, approvals narrated by authentic narrators) had explained almost everything about natal and even postnatal events. These findings once presented to experts in the field of Anatomy and Embryology surprised them and they believed that the knowledge given to the Prophet Muhammad was indeed divine. Who else would provide this knowledge to the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) except the Creator Himself.Modern embryology is a fairly recent development which has its beginning with the invention of microscope in the 17th century. However the concept of the human being developing in stages was not recognised until much later. But the scientists then and most Muslim and non-Muslim scholars do not even know that the holy Quran and Sunnah [words, deeds, approvals of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) collected by authentic narrators] had provided a detailed description of the significant events in human development from the stages of gametes and conception until the full term pregnancy and delivery or even post partum. Actually information in the Quran and Hadith corrected many superstitious and vague ideas about human development that were prevalent before.

Kritik Makna Islam Perspektif Orientalis dan Liberal

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Syamsi Wal Qamar

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Islam is a name religion with clear explanation based on the arguments that are normative and historically, the Qur’an, Hadith and history of preaching Prophet Muhammad when spread this religion. Of course this naming is permanent so it will not be changed until the end of time later. But for Wilfreid Cantwell Smith and Muhammad Shahrur which are the thinkers of the West and the Muslim Orientalist Liberals are trying to recontruction naming them. For Smith, Islam is only submission to God to be obedient and submissive to the shari’ah religion are shared by humans, as judging that the word Islam is derived from the word aslama means surrender or submission. Meanwhile, according Shahrur, Islam is taught by the shari’ah of the Prophet Muhammad who was also taught by the previous Prophets such as Abraham, Moses, Jesus and others. So according Shahrur Muslim person can be said without having to follow and believe in the Shari’ah as taught by the Prophet Muhammad. From this a second thought leaders cause various problems, such as Islamic religious truth is relative or inclusive or decontructed concept and the Shari’ah of Islam. So in this paper the authors will describe how Smith and Shahrur view of the meaning of Islam, the background of their thinking and their implications for the Islamic religion, and a refutation of their thinking.

Iraqi Perspectives Project. Primary Source Materials for Saddam and Terrorism: Emerging Insights from Captured Iraqi Documents. Volume 2 (Redacted)

Science.gov (United States)

2007-11-01

File 12 CMPC-2004-004572 3 Volunteers for "Nusrat al-’Iraq" and "Ashbal Saddam" Courses 13 IISP -2003-00026588 3 Details on ’Far’ay Saddam and Muhammad...al- Mahdi’ Sector and Letters to the lIS 14 IISP -2003-00027 I92 3 Agreement between Iran and Hamas designating $15 million dollars a month to form a...new group called "Palestine Hizbullah" 15 IISP -2003-00027194 3 Information about the Palestinian internal situation. 16 IISP -2003-00029003 3 liS

Kultur Arab dalam Hadis Pemimpin Negara dari Suku Quraysh

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moh. Misbakhul Khoir

2015-09-01

Full Text Available This article wants to present a comprehensive discussion of related interventions arabic culture elements which to some extent has influenced the style of thinking and normal life of the Prophet in the hadith leaders expressed in the State of Quraysh. This is given in addition to as an Apostle, Muhammad also serves as head of state, warlords, judges, community leaders, husband and personal. As an Arab man who lives in the community and the arabic culture, the environment and the interaction with the surrounding culture has its own influence on the habits and behavior. Consequently, what comes from the Prophet Muhammad must exist in between which is the culture of Arab societies at the time. Hadith state leaders of Quraysh, for example, is a statement of the Prophet Muhammad based on considerations of arabic culture at that time. Socio-historical, Quraysh is a decent clan inherited the throne of leadership, due to the advantages that are not found in other ethnic groups at the time. Thus, the actual terms of the Quraysh merely symbolic terms.

Latest Developments in Probiotics

Science.gov (United States)

Leroy, Frédéric; Falony, Gwen; Vuyst, Luc De

Probiotic foods are a group of health-promoting, so-called functional foods, with large commercial interest and growing market shares (Arvanitoyannis & van Houwelingen-Koukaliaroglou, 2005). In general, their health benefits are based on the presence of selected strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), that, when taken up in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. They are administered mostly through the consumption of fermented milks or yoghurts (Mercenier, Pavan, & Pot, 2003). In addition to their common use in the dairy industry, probiotic LAB strains may be used in other food products too, including fermented meats (Hammes & Hertel, 1998; Incze, 1998; Kröckel, 2006; Työppönen, Petäjä,& Mattila- Sandholm, 2003).

Révolution : mode d'emploi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marie Camberlin

2001-09-01

Full Text Available Pourquoi, en 1948 d'abord, en 1955 ensuite, les tentatives du mouvement des " Yéménites Libres " fondé par Muhammad al-Zubayrî et Ahmad Nu'mân de mettre un terme à l'absolutisme et à l'immobilisme de l'imamat zaydite ont-elles échoué à capitaliser un mécontentement populaire qui était pourtant manifeste ? Pourquoi l'imam Ahmad est-il parvenu à mobiliser avec tant de facilité les masses rurales (des tribus contre le programme de l'intelligentsia éclairée ? Derrière l'inventaire lucide des "erreurs des Libres" que dresse al-Zubayrî, résident certaines péripéties révélatrices des résistances à la modernisation politique au Yémen.Muhammad Mahmûd al-Zubayrî and the mistakes of the Free Yemeni MovementWhy have the attempts of the Free Yemeni movement, founded by Muhammad Mahmûd al-Zubayrî and AΩmad al-Nu'mân to put an end to the absolutism and standstill of the Zaydi Imamate, failed to capitalize on the manifest popular discontent in 1948 and 1955 ? Why did Imam Ahmad manage so easily to gather the tribal rural masses against the project of an enlightened intelligentsia ? This article assesses the mistakes of the Free Yemeni movement as seen by Muhammad al-Zubayrî and relates a number of episodes that reveal some of the resistance to political modernization in Yemen at the time.

1 - 6_Abubakar and Muhammad_1

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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phosphorus availability in soil using Sokoto Rock Phosphate. The experiment ... essential macro-nutrient required by plants (Srinivasan ... microbial metabolites such as organic acids (Singh and ..... Adaptations by Plants for Securing a Non-.

Muhammad Junaid Sulaiman Shairon wa Adibon

OpenAIRE

Safa, Najmuddin H. Abd.

2014-01-01

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24__170 - 177_Muhammad and Mukhtar

African Journals Online (AJOL)

pc

, the ... as rain crops that turn from green to golden as grain ripens ..... Mean. LSD. IT89KD-288. 3.438. 3.011. 2.888. 3.112. 0.198. Kanannado. 3.943. 3.788. 3.225. 3.652. 0.266. Mean. 3.690. 3.399. 3.056. LSD (0.05%) 0.282. 0.756. 0.807.

Pemikiran Suksesi Dalam Politik Islam Masa Pra Modern

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Mazro'atus Sa'adah

2016-12-01

Abstrak: Pemikiran politik Islam muncul setelah Islam melalui Nabi Muhammad SAW berhasil membentuk sebuah ummat baru, dari peralihan kekuasaan kerajaan/kesukuan kepada Nabi yang kemudian kepada umat. Nabi Muhammad dinilai berhasil dalam mengatur komunitas barunya yang dikendalikan oleh ajarannya dalam seluruh lini kehidupan. Persoalan muncul kemudian setelah beliau wafat, yang akhirnya memunculkan pemikiran tentang suksesi. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang mengapa terjadi suksesi setelah Nabi Muhammad SAW wafat, bagaimana pemikiran para tokoh politik Islam masa pra modern terkait dengan suksesi, dan apa kontribusi pemikiran suksesi ini terhadap politik Islam di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah, ditemukan bahwa Nabi Muhammad tidak menetapkan siapa yang akan menggantikannya, dan ketika beliau wafat (632 M, para sahabat memilih seorang pemimpin (imam/khalifah. Masa pemerintahan Abu Bakar, Umar dan Usman banyak terjadi perselisihan yang awalnya terkait kepentingan agama namun berkembang menjadi kepentingan politik. Ketika Ali bin Abi Talib diangkat sebagai khalifah, konflik politik berkepanjangan berkaitan dengan pembunuhan Usman, menjadikan timbulnya perang jamal antara Aisyah dan Ali. Pada masa ini perbedaan kepentingan aqidah dipolitisir lebih jauh menjadi sebuah kepentingan politik. Dinamika politik ini kemudian melahirkan mazhab politik Islam klasik yang terbagi dalam tiga mazhab besar yaitu Sunni, Syi'ah dan Khawarij, yang darinya muncul istilah-istilah khilafah, imamah, ahlul halli wal aqdi, bay’ah, walayah dan lain-lain. Dari ketiga mazhab politik ini, kemudian muncul ide pemikiran politik Islam yang sangat kompleks dan berkepanjangan dari para tokoh politik Islam pra modern yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh filosof Yunani. Di Indonesia, pemikiran suksesi dalam politik Islam masa pra modern ini pernah diwacanakan. Namun untuk pemilihan kepala Negara belum terealisasi mengingat Indonesia bukan Negara Islam.

The trend toward digital in medical education – playing devil's advocate

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Al-Jibury O

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Osama Al-jibury, Maroof Ahmed, Muhammad Najim, Riham Rabee, Muhammad Ashraf, Yusuf Sherwani, Osama AnjumDepartment of Medicine, Imperial College Medical School, London, UKDigitalization of medical resources has completely revolutionized medical education. Nowadays, medical information is readily accessible online. If a doctor needs to learn about Lesch–Nyhan syndrome, he or she can just search online – thousands of digital resources, explaining everything from simple pathophysiology to the latest genetic research into the condition, can be found; even videos of patients with the condition are available and easily located by using a search engine such as Google. Could there possibly be any downsides to this?

77 FR 44618 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Science.gov (United States)

2012-07-30

..., New York, New York 10045-0001: 1. Muhammad Habib, Kusnacht, Switzerland; Hamza Habib, and Khadijah... Maham Beteiligungsgessellschaft AG, Zurich, Switzerland, and thereby indirectly retain control of Habib...

Aplikasi Teori Fungsi Interpretasi Jorge J.E. Gracia Tentang Hadîth Kebiri

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Bahruddin Zamawi

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The paper highlights the contradiction of two hadîths on castration. The context of the issue has appeared within the contemporary Indonesia right after the Government stated the “additional punishment” for those who commit sexual harassment. The spirit of the punishment is to give a sort of “daunting effect” for the committers and “possible predators”. Such additional punishment has, however, invited various different responses from the Indonesian people. Some have rejected it, while some other have intensely called for its implementation. Regardless of this debate, article will shed light on the historical narration of Islamic view on castration in Muhammad’s life. The research finds that there are two hadîths which are regarded as contradictory. The first hadîth has narrated that Muhammad banned his companions to geld themselves. This happened when Muhammad and his companions went to battle field. Another hadîth has, however, reported that Muhammad allowed one of his companions to geld himself. These two seemingly conflicting hadîths need further care-ful explanations in order to reach the best and proper under-standing. In doing so, the author employs Gracia’s theory on the Function of Interpretation.

Health care system in Sudan: review and analysis of Strength ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Health care system in Sudan: review and analysis of Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threats (SWOT Analysis). Ebrahim M.A. Ebrahim, Luam Ghebrehiwot, Tasneem Abdalgfar, Muhammad Hanafiah Juni ...

Collection d'entretiens avec des chercheurs participant à des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Nicaragua). Ritesh Kumar Wetlands International - South Asia (India). Muhammad Shah Alam Khan Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan). Osvaldo Girardin

Clinical and electrophysiological efficacy of leaf extract of Gingko ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ginkgoaceae) in subjects with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Ahsan Numan, Faisal Masud, Khadija Irfan Khawaja, Fehmeda Farrukh Khan, Abdul Basit Qureshi, Saira Burney, Kamran Ashraf, Nisar Ahmad, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf, ...

Normative interpretations of diversity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lægaard, Sune

2009-01-01

Normative interpretations of particular cases consist of normative principles or values coupled with social theoretical accounts of the empirical facts of the case. The article reviews the most prominent normative interpretations of the Muhammad cartoons controversy over the publication of drawings...... of the Prophet Muhammad in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten. The controversy was seen as a case of freedom of expression, toleration, racism, (in)civility and (dis)respect, and the article notes different understandings of these principles and how the application of them to the controversy implied different...... social theoretical accounts of the case. In disagreements between different normative interpretations, appeals are often made to the ‘context', so it is also considered what roles ‘context' might play in debates over normative interpretations...

Sleep apnea leading to Parkinson’s disease – an important association

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Shafqat MN

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Nabeel Shafqat,1 Muhammad Aadil,2 Maria Shoaib3 1Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences “Serafin Ruiz de Zarate” Villa Clara (UCMVC, Villa Clara, Cuba; 2Department of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; 3Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan We read with great interest the recently published article “Sleep apnea and the subsequent risk of Parkinson disease: a 3-year nationwide population-based study” by Chou et al.1 The study is a step forward in understanding the underlying pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, the authors have deduced sleep apnea as one of the possible risk factors. View the original paper by Chou and colleagues.

77 FR 35680 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-14

..., New York, New York 10045-0001: 1. Muhammad Habib, Zurich, Switzerland; to retain a controlling... of Habib American Bank, New York, New York. B. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta (Chapelle Davis...

Islamistid kohtupingis: al-Qaidale saabub esimene tõetund / Heiki Suurkask

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Suurkask, Heiki, 1972-

2009-01-01

USA-s astub kohtu ette 2001. aasta 11. septembri terrorirünnakute oletatav peakorraldaja Khalid Shaikh Muhammad koos nelja kaasolsalisega. Al-Qaidast alates selle loomisest 1988. aastal, Osama bin Ladenist, Talibanist

Beyond Hearts and Minds: How The Operational Commander Must Understand Islamic War-Fighting Doctrine to Secure Victory in the Long War

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Vartanian, James M

2008-01-01

This paper examines the need for the operational commander to fully understand the religious, military and political doctrine of Islam's Prophet Muhammad if success is to be realized in the long war...

USA-s tõsteti terroriohtu kolm aastat vana info peale

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

Al-Qaida arvutieksperdilt Muhammad Naeem Noor Khaanilt, kes tabati Pakistanis, saadi kätte mitmeid dokumente, luureinfot ja skeeme. Enamik infot oli kogutud enne 11. septembril 2001. aastal toimunud terrorirünnakuid

Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences - Vol 10, No 2 (2017)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Spatio-temporal trends of typhoid fever among youths attending Muhammad ... Electrical resistivity investigation of sub- surface topography of Rafin Bareda ... The influence of physicochemical characteristics of a non-edible oil of yellow ...

Golden Horde History in the Works of A.N. Kurat

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I.М. Mirgaleev

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The article examines main works of the famous Turkish historian A.N. Kurat, his views and assessments of the Golden Horde history. It is known that A.N. Kurat introduced into scholarly circulation yarlyks-letters of the Golden Horde khans, which he found in the archives of the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul. A number of his works and articles are devoted to the Golden Horde and its rulers. The article discusses the works of A.N. Kurat that are dedicated to the Golden Horde, as well as his main ideas, sources of the author. The works of A.N. Kurat still have not lost their significance. His works on the Golden Horde topics are mainly devoted to the source study, his reconstruction of events is based on primary sources of the Golden Horde origin. Kurat also noted the special importance of his own sources. In his works, he explored the following three Golden Horde documents: Bitik of Ulugh Muhammad Murad II, letter of Mahmud Khan bin Muhammad Khan bin Timur Khan to Fatih Sultan Mehmed, and letter of Ahmad Khan ibn Muhammad ibn Timur Khan to Fatih Sultan Mehmed. Kurat studied yarlyks and bitiks at a high scholarly level of source studies. They still are the basis for the study of the Golden Horde documents. Thanks to the good knowledge of the Ottoman, Russian, European sources, and historiography A.N. Kurat analyzed in detail the political situation in the Golden Horde; especially valuable are his works on the 15th century. His works on the period of Ulug Muhammad are still among the most important works devoted to this outstanding personage of the late Golden Horde. In his works Kurat asked himself: why the Golden Horde disintegrated? In search of answers to this question he put to the first place the confrontation between Tokhtamysh Khan and Timur Aksak. His conclusions about relationship between the Golden Horde and the Ottoman Empire are confirmed by the latest works on this topic.

77 FR 60118 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-02

..., New York, New York 10045-0001: 1. Muhammad Habib, Kusnacht, Switzerland, and Hamza Habib, Dubai, U.A.E..., Switzerland, and thereby indirectly retain control of Habib American Bank, New York, New York. B. Federal...

DOKTRIN WIRAUSAHA ALA RASÛLULLÂH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Farid Firmansyah

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Indonesia face the challenge of economy globalization era that isfree trade system that has been agreed by the world. Tradesystem and free-opened investment becomes globalcommitment signed by agreement of GATT (General Agreementon Tariffs and Trade and the form of world trade organization,WTO. Indonesia must be able to prepare human resource to facethis global challenge. Indonesian government needs younggeneration that has competitive advantage. It means that theyare ready to do business by following the model of a truebusinessman figure, our prophet Muhammad saw. It is hopedthat young Indonesians can develop the Indonesian economy byapplying business management that had been applied by theprophet Muhammad saw. It has been proved that hismanagement principle that he did was accurate and reliable thatmade his business form always get profit and never loss.

ISLAM IN THE NON-MUSLIM AREAS OF NORTHERN NIGERIA, c

African Journals Online (AJOL)

QUADRI Y A

On that ground, Prophet Muhammad ... processes on issues that can be proven practically. .... itself par excellence, even though human perceptual faculties, operating within .... In this figure (Figure 1), letters A-Z represent different objects of.

Antioxidant benzophenones and xanthones from the root bark of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Antioxidant benzophenones and xanthones from the root bark of Garcinia smeathmannii. Alain Meli Lannang, Justin Komguem, Fernande Ngounou Ngninzeko, Jean Gustave Tangmouo, David Lontsi, Asma Ajaz, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Beiban Luc Sondengam, Atta -ur-Rahman ...

CSC9000T A Toll Bell to "Sweat Shops"

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Feng Yuan

2007-01-01

@@ CRS:A New Requirement for All "We cannot simply consider doing business is making more money, that's a humiliation to human being." So said Muhammad Yunus, founder of Grameen Bank and who received Nobel Peace Prize 2006.

Download this PDF file

African Journals Online (AJOL)

BRIAN

and simulation game. These key ... continue the dynamics generated by the FFS process: to build local institutions to ..... action at group and community levels; and incorporate bottom-up and interactive ... Hein, B and Muhammad, A.I (2007).

Response of a Promiscuous Soybean Cultivar to Rhizobial ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

acer

Phosphorus in Nigeria's Southern Guinea Savanna Alfisol. A. Muhammad ... in the Guinea savanna (Carsky et al., 1996 and Yusuf et al., .... difference (P>0.05) in number of nodules .... balance in the northern Guinea savanna of. Nigeria.

TRUTH AS DETERMINANT OF RELIGIOUS FAITH

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Admin

engendered by either the myths of the religion or the historical personages. The truth we intend to .... personage and source of Islamic religion was an orphan boy Muhammad, born ... The Fundamental Truth about Some Religions of the World.

Correlation between spinal column length and the spread of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Correlation between spinal column length and the spread of subarachnoid hyperbaric bupivacaine in the term parturient. W.M Wan Rahiza, A.R Raha, A Muhd, M.N Nadia, M Muhammad, Z Azmil, I Azarinah, M.Z Jaafar ...

Research Article Special Issue

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2018-02-01

Feb 1, 2018 ... FOR SPEAKER ADAPTATION USING DYNAMIC TIME WARPING ... length in time series segments based on formant frequency frame ..... [3] N. W. Arshad, S. M. Sukri, L. N. Muhammad, H. Ahmad, R. Hamid, F. Naim, and N.

Hypospadias in a German Shepherd dog | Muhammad | Nigerian ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nigerian Veterinary Journal. Journal Home · ABOUT THIS JOURNAL · Advanced Search · Current Issue · Archives · Journal Home > Vol 38, No 1 (2017) >. Log in or Register to get access to full text downloads. Username, Password, Remember me, or Register · Download this PDF file. The PDF file you selected should load ...

Metodologi Fatwa K.H. Muhammad Syaf’i Hadzami

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Muhammad Ardiansyah

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Fatwa is one of the heavy mandates on the shoulders of Moslem scholars. There are some conditions that must be fulflled before the fatwa could be used to solve the problems of the people. Basically, the fatwa replaces the task of the Prophet in conveying the shari’a law, then the scholars did not dare to be reckless in declaring any fatwa. Therefore, being a mufti is not only required by reading the translation of al-Qur’an or Hadith, or by searching on the google, or by copying broadcasts in social media. According to al-Shirazi, the intellectual condition that must be required to be a mufti is deep understanding toward al-Qur’an and Hadith, also understanding sources of speech such as ḥaqîqah-majâz, ‘âmm-khâṣṣ, Arabic language, nâsikh-mansûkh, ijmâ’, ikhtilaf, and tartîb al-adillah. While the moral requirements to be a mufti according to Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal are having pure intention, having broad knowledge, patience, and soul, having strong mentality to fulfl the task, having suffciency of life to avoid being influenced by others, and understanding the condition of society. This paper attempts to examine the fatwas of a mufti from Betawi who had lived in the modern era known as Mu’allim Syaf’i Hadzami. The fatwas were collected in a work entitled Tawḍîḥ al-Adillah. In this article, the author has concluded that Mu’allim uses eight complementary and relevant fatwa methodologies to solve today’s problems

Interview with Muhammad Affan Othman on Small Changes

OpenAIRE

Vahid Nimehchisalem

2017-01-01

Small Changes, a community organization in Malaysia (www.smallchangesmy.org), was founded in 2011 to raise funds and provide support for underprivileged individuals in the community. With an interesting tagline of Cultivating Volunteerism, Empowering Generations this community organizations has raised hundreds of thousands and has attracted tens of Malaysian students from local and overseas universities. The team consists of an enthusiastic group of young Malaysians who believe that it is pos...

Husein Muhammad antara Feminis Islam dan Feminis Liberal

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Susanti Susanti

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on the discussion about Hussein Muhammad’s thought related to the empowerment of women. Hussein is aware of the oppression in interpretation related to understanding about women. Husein is also fully aware of the role of religion and religious experts in such oppression and subordination against women. According to Hussein, women and men are equal before God as His servants. There is no such superiority among them before God except by their piety. It implies that the assumption which sees women as “the complementary creature” and places them only in domestic sphere is not true. Women also have their contribution to khilâfah on earth and they also have the same duty to commanding the good and forbidding the evil. Women can freely determine which path to choose, either to become merely a housewife or to be a career woman to earn a living. This is because every woman has different economic situation. Therefore, it is permissible for women to work to gain wealth for the sake of her life and her family.

Molecular dynamics of a proguanil derivative | Muhammad | Bayero ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... ab-initio Quantum chemical calculations at the Restricted Hatree-Fock (RHF) ... and 6-31++G basis sets were carried out for inclusion of electron correlation. ... The dipole moment of the Proguanil's derivative at both levels of theory is ... Keywords: Proguanil, Density Functional Theory, Restricted Hartree Fock, Gaussian ...

African Journal of Infectious Diseases - Vol 12, No 1 (2018)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Hospital- and community- based surveillance of Zika and Dengue viruses in Indonesia · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Nasronudin Suharto, Muhammad Amin, Diah Puspita Rini, Achmad Chusnu Romdhoni, Purwaningsih Zulfayandi Pawanis, ...

Physio-chemical evaluation and biological activity of Ajuga ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Physio-chemical evaluation and biological activity of Ajuga bracteosa wall and Viola odoroto Linn. Anwar Ali Shad, M. Zeeshan, Hina Fazal, Hamid Ullah Shah, Shabir Ahmed, Hasem Abeer, E. F. Abd_Allah, Riaz Ullah, Hamid Afridi, Akash tariq, Muhammad Adnan Asma ...

Diagnosis of canine rabies by the direct fluorescent antibody ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Diagnosis of canine rabies by the direct fluorescent antibody technique in Plateau State, Nigeria. DO Ehizibolo, EA Ogunsan, MJ Muhammad, CI Nwosuh, S Olaleye, OOC Chuckwu, MY Sugun, NM Sati, NE Waziri, OK Egwu, J Kamani, CA Meseko, SE Idachaba, GI Dogo ...

Assessing and Evaluating Ḥadith: Its Value, Significance, Authority and Authenticity in Islamic Thought

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. Farhat Nisar

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Qur’an and Ḥadith as fundamental and primary sources of Shariah stand as hall mark of Islam. Ḥadith called traditions as the second fundamental source of Islam embodies sayings, actions and expressions of Prophet Muhammad (SAW explicit or implicit. Mainly there have been two trends of rejecting the status of Ḥadith. One is rejecting the authority of Ḥadith and other rejects the authenticity of Ḥadith especially “Khabar-al-wahid” or solitary tradition. Other group does not completely reject the authority of Ḥadith rather text of Ḥadith especially in case of weak traditions. This paper discuss the opinion of rejecters of Ḥadith and contribution of Muslim scholars along with their arguments from Qur’an and Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (SAW to highlight the importance and significance of authority and authenticity of Ḥadith in all disciplines of Islamic thought.

Muhammed Esed’de Dini Değişimin Psikolojik Analizi The Psychological Analysis Of Religious Conversion In Muhammad Asad

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Saffet KARTOPU

2013-07-01

Full Text Available At this work on Which religious conversion in Muhammad Asad isstudied, in terms of religious conversion models, first of all the conceptof religious conversion, the Works in this topic and the place of religiousconversion concept in Psychology of Religion are mentioned. Then, abrief life story of Asad is mentioned, by dealing with the religiousconversion in Asad in a theoretical approach, the motives of religiousconversion, the developmental factors in religious conversion, the stagesof religious conversion and the figures of religious conversion arestudied. The religious conversion in Asad is analyzed in terms ofconversion models accepted in Psychology of Religion taking his ownWorks as a base. In this sence, while the motives of religious conversionin Asad are considered by the approaches of Snow & Phillips, Glock andGillespie, the developmental factors in religious conversion areconsidered by Erikson’s thoughts. The stages of religious conversion isconsidered by gradual classification of Lofland & Stark, Clark, Batson &Ventis and Köse. Lofland and Skonovd’s types are used while analyzingthe figures of conversion.When considered the effects of psychological factors on thereligious conversion of Asad, we see that beginning from his earlyadolescence his willing to understanding and his need to mentalsatisfaction are explicit. Asad is in need of reviewing the main pointsimposed by his cultere. He is disturbed by the ambiguities in societyand his own life and he looks for answers to the universal meaning oflife and questions ‘what is right? what is wrong?’. As a result of hisseeking, he accepts Islam as his religion and he gains a feeling ofbelonging, admission and a change of rearranging himself radically. Byaccepting Islam he feels that all his seekings finish and his desire ofdepending on a certain intellectua orbit and being a part of fellowscommunity come true. Dini değişim modelleri açısından Muhammed Esed’de dini de

TRADISI MAULID NABI DALAM MASYARAKAT SASAK

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zaenuddin Mansyur

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Every community has one or more celebration day that it traditionally celebrates in certain way. One of Muslims’ most impressive celebration day is the birthday of Muhammad (mawlid, the last massenger of God. To Muslims Muhammad is considered the gloriest and the leader of all massenger sent by Allah to human being. He preached Islam and got success in his mission in a relatively short period, 23 years. His 23-year mission period was considered the turning point in the history of Muslims (Arabs civilization from the age of pagan ignorance (jâhiliyah toward a new, enlightened, and civilized era. His very hard strugle and great succesful-end mission took special place in the heart of Muslims all over the world and inspired them to do their best in commemorating his piety and heroic life. All he had done dan gained in preaching Islam rose great proudness and admiration to the Muslim communities all over the world, so that they are always very eager to commemorate his birthday in various ways of celebration in accordance with their own culture and traditions.The Sasak community in Lombok island traditionally named celebration of Muhammad birthday mulud—derivated from Arabic word mawlid—and held constantly every year. The historical, philosophical, and sociological aspects of Sasak tradition simutanously colored mulud celebration. It has lasted for a long time, and the community has endured it through the process of tradition and regeneration but some changes have been in one or more aspects of the commemoration rituals.

Konsep dan Gerakan Tawhîd dalam Perspektif Antropologi Agama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kunawi Basyir

2016-03-01

Full Text Available One of the special characteristic of religion is transcendent, holy, absolute and permanent due to the holy revelation of the divinity and culture is human creation in forms of relativity due to its dynamic characteristic. Human culture will take a sort of changing in accordance with the time and space they lived in. Human will have understanding in accordance with their capability and experience in responding and practicing dogma according to their belief. In this point, they try to return to their original form of being oneness or ummah wâh}idah either in social and theological fields. The concept of ummah wâh}idah is well known with the tawhîd movement focused on theological and social realm. This paper attempts to see the religious movement of tawhîd Muh}ammad in anthropological perspective. It aims to respond the exclusive religious understanding of some groups in Indonesia in threatening plurality and social integration. The paper suggests that the movement of tawhîd Muh}ammad is a theological and social movement. Theological movement maintains that all Semitic religions should be tied up with the idea of millah Ibrâhîm, not Islamic religion (aqîdah Islâmîyah as many salafism argue in the recent days. Besides, the social movement of tawhîd Muh}ammad means that tawhîd could unite many groups and ethnics of Arab tribes to build a new face of civilization in more civilized and dynamic.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences - Vol 15, No 1 (2018)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Quantitative determination of chromium in some vegetables in Tudun Wada Makera- Kaduna, Nigeria · EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. M.A. Garba, S. Abdulfattah, A. Haruna, R. Bako, L. Mustapha, M.S. Makama, M. Muhammad ...

Ijtihad into Philosophy: Islam as Cultural Heritage in Post-Stalinist Daghestan

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kemper, M.

2014-01-01

Starting in 1960, authors of various Daghestani nationalities initiated a re-evaluation of the role of Islam in the history of Daghestan. An important historical personality to draw upon was Muhammad al-Quduqi, a Daghestani Islamic legal scholar of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth

Interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphism as a potential host ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ajl yemi

2011-10-26

Oct 26, 2011 ... Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Sadia Anjum, Amna Salman, Sajjad Ashraf, Zia Ur Rehman Farooqi,. Tahir Ahmed, Yasir waheed and Ishtiaq Qadri. Center of Virology and Immunology (NCVI), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Sec H-12,. Islamabad, Pakistan. Accepted 9 September, 2011.

Mutable Conflicts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kublitz, Anja

their everyday life in Denmark, and to single out specific contemporary political events like the publishing of the cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad, local clashes with the Danish police and the Israeli invasion of Gaza. The ethnography discloses that the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is not a chronological...

All projects related to mexico | Page 3 | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Development luminaries like Jeffrey Sachs and Muhammad Yunus espouse the ... The Role of Civil Society in Influencing Public Health Policy for Indigenous Women ... Tobacco Taxes and Tobacco Control Policies in Brazil, Mexico, and Uruguay ... of Sahara, South of Sahara, Central Asia, Far East Asia, South Asia, Russia.

The Integration of Project-Based Methodology into Teaching in Machine Translation

Science.gov (United States)

Madkour, Magda

2016-01-01

This quantitative-qualitative analytical research aimed at investigating the effect of integrating project-based teaching methodology into teaching machine translation on students' performance. Data was collected from the graduate students in the College of Languages and Translation, at Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi…

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Vol 15, No 7 (2016)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of isoprenoids from the red sea soft coral, Lobophytum sp · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. Khalid O Al-Footy, Walied M Alarif, Muhammad S Zubair, Mohamed A Ghandourah, Magda M Aly, 1431-1438.

Entrepreneurship--Born, Made and Educated

Science.gov (United States)

Burger-Helmchen, Thierry, Ed.

2012-01-01

Chapters in this book include: (1) The Psychology of Entrepreneurship (Melek Kalkan and Canani Kaygusuz); (2) Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Role of the Cognitive Variables (Jose C. Sanchez); (3) Do External Factors Influence Students' Entrepreneurial Inclination? An Evidence Based Approach (Ishfaq Ahmed, Muhammad Musarrat Nawaz and Muhammad…

Americans’ Views of the Muslim World: Realities and Fallacies

Science.gov (United States)

2006-12-01

interesting, considering that Dr. Muhammad Mahatir , the economic reformer of Malaysia, has been very critical of American policies, especially those toward...that Dr. Mahatir , the former Malaysian prime minister, has been very critical of America and Israel. This may be due to two things: either that

Redesigning the Structure of Republic Indonesian Defense System; An Analysis of Systems Thinking

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ade Muhammad

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The phenomenon of Shrinking Defense Capabilities is only the tip of the iceberg of Indonesian Defense System’s problem. The root of the problem that lies beneath and outside is keep untouched. This journal is the part of the efforts to reveal the phenomenon’s structure that binding as a system. The present structure is a cause of that phenomenon and the basis of the current organization responsible for Republic Indonesia Defense sector. With the Systems thinking analysis, the research has revealed the structure that become the problem cause and give a holistic solution trough redesigning new structure based on two theories namely the Strategic-Operational Management with Vision Dissemination of Prof. Dr. Jürgen Strohhecker and the Defense System Generic Dr. Ir. Muhammad Tasrif, M.Eng and Ir. Ade Muhammad, M.Han. The logical consequences would also changing of formation of Indonesian Defense Organization. Keywords : Design, Redesigning, Defense System, System, Defense, Holistic

Islamic Spirituality Movement and Its Implications on Social and Political Ethics in Indonesia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DALMERI

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In the nineteenth century, Islamic religious movements fell into three groups: First, those advocating salvation through revivalism as exemplified by Wahhabism; Second, salvation through the prophecy of divinely-sent leader (or guide as seen in the case of Mahdism; and third, salvation through ecstasy and loss of self-volition, such as in the Sufi Shaykh (charismatic leader, characteristic of the tariqa revival. This article explains about the attitudes of reformers towards Sufism varied from the hostility of Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab who was against bid‘a; the ‘Salafi’ movement, i.e Muhammad ‘Abduh and Rashid Rida, who were against Sufism but tolerated the ethical teachings of al-Ghazali; and Mustafa Kemal in Turkey who banned Sufi orders outright in 1925. In recent Indonesia milieu, some prominent figures have shown their interest in Sufism, but certain Muslim organizations or institutions to some extent are against it such as Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, Sabili Magazine, Salafy Journal, Muhammadiyyah, and Persatuan Islam.

Unexplored relationship of sleep disturbances linked to suicidal ideation and behavior in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shafqat MN

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Nabeel Shafqat,1 Muhammad Aadil,2 Maria Shoaib31Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences “Serafin Ruiz de Zarate” Villa Clara (UCMVC, Villa Clara, Cuba; 2Department of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; 3Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PakistanWe read with great interest the currently published article written by Pederson and Brook1 entitled “Sleep disturbance linked to suicidal ideation in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome”. Awareness of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS has increased in recent years. However, sleep disturbance has not been thoroughly investigated as a cause of increased suicidal risk in patients with POTS. We would like to applaud the authors on conducting this novel cross-sectional study to understand and highlight the potential relationship between sleep disturbances and increased risk of suicide in patients suffering from POTS.1View the original paper by Pederson and Brook.

Spatially independent martingales, intersections, and applications

CERN Document Server

Shmerkin, Pablo

2018-01-01

The authors define a class of random measures, spatially independent martingales, which we view as a natural generalization of the canonical random discrete set, and which includes as special cases many variants of fractal percolation and Poissonian cut-outs. The authors pair the random measures with deterministic families of parametrized measures \\{\\eta_t\\}_t, and show that under some natural checkable conditions, a.s. the mass of the intersections is H�lder continuous as a function of t. This continuity phenomenon turns out to underpin a large amount of geometric information about these measures, allowing us to unify and substantially generalize a large number of existing results on the geometry of random Cantor sets and measures, as well as obtaining many new ones. Among other things, for large classes of random fractals they establish (a) very strong versions of the Marstrand-Mattila projection and slicing results, as well as dimension conservation, (b) slicing results with respect to algebraic curves a...

Yi Tan

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Bulletin of Materials Science. Yi Tan. Articles written in Bulletin of Materials Science. Volume 38 Issue 5 September 2015 pp 1429-1433. Evaluation on electrical resistivity of silicon materials after electron beam melting · Hafiz Muhammad Noor Ul Huda Khan Asghar Shuang Shi Dachuan Jiang Yi Tan.

determination of morphological features and molecular interactions

African Journals Online (AJOL)

User

INTRODUCTION. Bentonite is a rock formed of highly colloidal and ... is classified as sodium bentonite or calcium bentonite, depending on the ... fine clay particles and the top supernatant water layer. ... Mohshardness scale and density of 2.65 g / cm-3,. (Muhammad ... Carbonate. .... New York, American Institute of Mining ...

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 301 - 350 of 1025 ... Akmal S. Gaballa, Atiat S. Barakat, Said M. Teleb, Mohsen S. Asker. Vol 24, No 2 (2010), Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of transition metal complexes of imidazole derivative, Abstract PDF. Saeed-ur-Rehman Rehman, Muhammad Ikram, Sadia Rehman, Alia Faiz, Shahn awaz.

Danish Cartoon Crisis/Controversy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hervik, Peter

2017-01-01

The Danish Cartoon Crisis Controversy is one of several terms that refer to the turmoil that associates with the Danish newspaper Morgenavisen Jyllands-Posten’s publication of 12 cartoons on 30 September 2005. “The Muhammad Cartoon Crisis” is an alternative heading used for the violent global rea...

Resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Two hundred (200) strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were isolated from clinical samples collected from patients in Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital and Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano. The confirmed isolates were tested for resistance to quinolones by the agar disk diffusion susceptibility test and the agar ...

Journal of Genetics | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Genetics. FAROOQ AHMAD. Articles written in Journal of Genetics. Volume 96 Issue 6 December 2017 pp 1005-1014 Research article. Ellis–van Creveld syndrome and profound deafness resulted by sequence variants in the EVC/EVC2 and TMC1 genes · MUHAMMAD UMAIR HEIDE SEIDEL ...

JPRS Report, Near East & South Asia

Science.gov (United States)

1990-06-08

likely that the radicals may perpetrate any new act. Brigadier General Muhammad Fahmi ’Azab, a criminal investigations inspector at the Interior Ministry...the participa- tion of Astan-e Qods-e Razavi [the administration in charge of the endowments dedicated to the tomb of Imam Reza in Mashhad]. Today

Adult Learners' Understanding in Learning Islam Using Andragogy Approach: A Study in Kampung Siglap Mosque and Al-Zuhri Higher Learning Institute

Science.gov (United States)

Bin Kadir, Mohd Amin; Arifin, Syamsul; Latipun; Fuad, Ahmad Nur

2016-01-01

This study describes adult learners' understanding in learning Islam using andragogy approach in which the study was conducted in Kampung Siglap Mosque and Al-Zuhri Higher Learning Institute. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) educate his companions of who are adults from the shackles of "jahiliyyah," spiritual and intellectual…

'Iktibasi' katika Tenzi za Mwanakupona na Al-Inkishafi | Beja | Kioo ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Makala haya yanatazama tenzi za kale za Kiswahili kwa mkabala wa kitabu kitukufu cha Kurani na Sunnah za Mtume Muhammad (SAW). Wahakiki wengi wamechambua tenzi hizi za kale na kutoa maoni kwamba zina maudhui ya dini ya Kiislamu. Hata hivyo ushahidi halisi wa jinsi watunzi walivyochota maudhui yao ...

78 FR 77151 - Notice of Senior Executive Service Performance Review Board Appointments

Science.gov (United States)

2013-12-20

... J. Wenk, Daniel N. Werkheiser, William H. White, John Ethan Whitesell, Stephen E. Whittington.... Applegate, James D. R. Arroyo, Bryan Atkinson, Karen J. Austin, Stanley J. Awn I, Muhammad H. Bales, Jerad D.... Davis, Mark H. Dean, Francis J. Deerinwater, Daniel J. Delaplaine, L. Bruce Demulder, Mark L. Dickinson...

Census Report: Volume V, 1986. Sanitized Version.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-04-01

0. 0599 OWAIS, MUHAMMAD 0954 OWEN, STEVEN R. 0916 OWENS, CLINT G. 0599 OWENS, GREGORY 0599 OWENS, RUSSELL E. 0837 OZDEMIR, LEVENT 0916 PACHECO, ERNEST...ORG NAME CODE SUSHINSKI, THOMAS C. 0916 SUTHERLAND , DEAN R. 0837 SVADBA, KEITH A. 0599 SVOBODA, THOMAS R. 0637 SWAIN, JEFFREY MANNING 0916 SWAIN

121_Ishaq et al.,_Muhammad Abdullahi Wase_SPATIAL AND ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user pc

2017-12-02

Dec 2, 2017 ... and adolescents in developing countries as a result of poor sanitation ... characterized by low river levels (Alajeely, et al., .... 99% confidence were generally observed in areas .... Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 3(2): 19-.

BKR 27(2) pp. 68-75 (Muhammad et al)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Femi J. Olorunniji

2015-06-30

Jun 30, 2015 ... 2Department of Animal Science, University of Maiduguri. P.M.B. 1056, Borno State, ..... Parasitic and Infectious Diseases, Proceeding of American. Animals Hospital Association, South Bend, IN. Anon (1980). Guide to the care ...

The Muslim Brotherhood in America: Orthodox and Active

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-17

Mohammed’s martial activity. “Part I: The genealogy of Muhammad; traditions from the pre- Islamic era; Muhammad’s childhood and early manhood,” has 105...of extremism was cultivated and encouraged under the military dictatorships of Gen. Mohammad Zia ul-Haq from 1977 to 1988 and Gen. Pervez Musharraf

15-00115_SI_NP.doc

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

SAID TIGHADOUINI1, SMAAIL RADI*,1, LOIC TOUPET2, MUHAMMAD SIRAJUDDIN*,3, TAIBI BEN HADDA*,4, MEHMET AKKURT5, ISMAIL WARAD6, YAHIA MABKHOT7 and SAQIB ALI8. 1LCAE, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco. 2Institut de Physique ...

78 FR 77777 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision

Science.gov (United States)

2013-12-24

... vision requirement if the exemptions will provide a level of safety that is equivalent to or greater than... Alex M. Long Charles McDonald Kenneth C. Mead Abdelkhaleq R. Muhammad Eduardo Nunez Michael J... suspension during the 3-year period: Buck J. Barney Charles R. Edwards The following applicant, Victor A...

76 FR 10668 - Additional Designations, Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-25

... Administration, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of Homeland Security when... are found to be: (1) Materially assisting in, or providing financial or technological support for or....k.a. AZIMI, Haji Muhammad Rafi; a.k.a. RAFI, Abdul); DOB 15 Feb 1972; POB Afghanistan; citizen...

Near East/South Asia Report, No. 2780.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-07-08

special occasions, festivals and holidays. The Majority and Cheap Meat Several meters from the Governorate of Giza , at a government-run consumer store...are distributed in a single shipment. Muhammad ’Abd-al-Hakim, the owner of a farm near the pyramids said, "Fodder allotments are sufficient for all

Combined model of 9x9 playfair and RSA for securing confidential ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Combined model of 9x9 playfair and RSA for securing confidential information. Y.B. Zakariyau, L.J. Muhammad, A.M. Usman, A Garba. Abstract. No Abstract. Keywords: Cryptography, RSA, Playfair Cipher, Public and Secret Key. Full Text: EMAIL FULL TEXT EMAIL FULL TEXT · DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL ...

Kreativitet konkret

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Michelsen, Anders Ib

2009-01-01

Socialt iværksætteri blev et af de store hit på Roskilde Festivalen 2009. Hvad sker der? Mikrokredittens opfinder Dr. Muhammad Yunus holdt tale og lancerede den første mikrokreditfond i Danmark. Et kreditinstrument for de allerfattigste kan have stor interesse for danskerne og kan bidrage til...

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mohammed, Y. Vol 8, No 1 (2015) - Articles Seroprevalence of HBsAg among patients with febrile illnessess in Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria Abstract PDF. ISSN: 2006-6996. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More about AJOL ...

Dyslipidemia among HIV‑infected patients Translation from research ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Page | 142. Vol. 13, July-September, 2014. Annals of African Medicine. Sir,. The recent report on dyslipidemia among. HIV‑infected patients is very interesting.[1]. Muhammad et al., concluded that “HIV‑infected patients on HAART demonstrated higher prevalence of high TC while HAART naïve subject showed higher.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 901 - 950 of 1250 ... ... No 2 (2016), Physio-chemical evaluation and biological activity of Ajuga bracteosa wall and Viola odoroto Linn, Abstract PDF. Anwar Ali Shad, M. Zeeshan, Hina Fazal, Hamid Ullah Shah, Shabir Ahmed, Hasem Abeer, E. F. Abd_Allah, Riaz Ullah, Hamid Afridi, Akash tariq, Muhammad Adnan Asma.

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 1 - 50 of 88 ... Vol 2, No 2 (2009), Attitudes To, Knowledge and Practice of Self-Breast Examination Among Female Healthcare Workers at the Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano ... Vol 4, No 3 (2012), Coprophagia in a Nigerian patient with paranoid schizophrenia: A case report and literature review, Abstract.

The Interagency: Evolving a Hamstrung and Broken System?

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-23

foreign to the Somali culture.85 Somalis’ oral traditions extend back to prehistory , tying them to the rules of antiquity and the family of Muhammad...Center, 2007), 30. 86 Ibid, 29.; Prehistory is a common term that refers to the time before written history. 87Bolger, Savage Peace, 267. 26

Nurturing the Salafi Manhaj: A Study of Salafi Pesantrens in Contemporary Indonesia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wahid, D.

2014-01-01

This study is about the role of Salafi Pesantrens (Islamic boarding schools) in Salafi da’wa in Indonesia. A Salafi pesantren is a pesantren that teaches Salafism which mostly derives from the works of Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab, the founder of Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia. Salafi pesantrens started

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 151 - 200 of 215 ... Vol 27, No 2 (2015), Studies on Haematology and Serum Biochemistry of Broiler Chickens Finished on an Unprocessed and Processed Velvet Bean (Mucuna Pruriens (L.)) as Dietary Protein Sources, Abstract PDF. Aliyu I. Muhammad, Shua'ibu B. Adamu, Nuruddeen K. Alade, Abdulmumin B. Amin, ...

Against the "Primers of White Supremacy": The Radical Black Press in the Cause of Multicultural History

Science.gov (United States)

Hussain, Khuram

2014-01-01

In the 1960s, "Muhammad Speaks" and "Black Panther" were widely known for their sensational rhetoric and calls for radical social reform. Yet they also served as a distinct voice in Black communities, providing critical and creative perspectives on a range of social issues--from education reform to police reform--that received…

Developing Scientific Thinking Methods and Applications in Islamic Education

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Sharaf, Adel

2013-01-01

This article traces the early and medieval Islamic scholarship to the development of critical and scientific thinking and how they contributed to the development of an Islamic theory of epistemology and scientific thinking education. The article elucidates how the Qur'an and the Sunna of Prophet Muhammad have also contributed to the…

Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome and Profound Deafness Resulted by ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Navya

2017-04-04

Apr 4, 2017 ... 2007) accounting for 3% to 5% of deafness in European, ... the blood samples was extracted from peripheral-blood lymphocytes by standard procedures. ... In the family A, affected members IV-1, IV-4 and IV-5 were 10, 14 and 16 years ..... Muhammad Umair was supported by International Research ...

JPRS Report, Near East & South Asia, Lebanon

Science.gov (United States)

1991-08-21

to sell the land, and they bought this land from them at several of them. Some Alawites are pharmacists , and very low prices. The Alawites’ economic...Speaker of the Chamber of Dep- Yasin, father of Dr. Muhammad Yasin, who is a member uties "His Excellency, the Prime Minister: of the Supreme Committee of

Seizing Catastrophes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kublitz, Anja

2013-01-01

to a distant past but takes place in the present. They use the term Nakba not only to refer to the catastrophe of 1948 but also to designate current catastrophes, such as the Danish Muhammad cartoons affair in 2005 and the Israeli invasion of Gaza in 2008. Through an analysis of the 60th commemoration...

An Exploration of Naquib Al-Attas' Theory of Islamic Education as "Ta'Dib" as an 'Indigenous' Educational Philosophy

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, Farah

2018-01-01

This paper explores the 'indigenous' philosophy of education of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, a Malay-Muslim scholar who's theoretical work culminated in the establishment of a counter-colonial higher education institution. Through presenting al-Attas' life and philosophy and by exploring the arguments of his critics, I aim to shed light on the…

Corrigendum to 'Tunable slow and fast light in an atom-assisted optomechanical system' [Opt. Commun. 338C (2015) 569-573

Science.gov (United States)

Gu, Kai-Hui; Yan, Xiao-Bo; Zhang, Yan; Fu, Chang-Bao; Liu, Yi-Mou; Wang, Xin; Wu, Jin-Hui

2015-11-01

The author would like to inform the readers that the Reference [40] cited in the above article should be read as "[40] M. J. Akram, F. Ghafoor, and F. Saif, arXiv:1405.5614v1, (2014)" instead of "[40] J. A. Muhammad, G. Fazal, S. Farhan, arXiv:1405.5614v1, 2014".

38 Encyklopædiartikler i Den store danske (se nedenfor)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Claus Valling

2009-01-01

Afghanistan (litteratur), Akhavan-e Sales, Chubak, Daneshvar, Golshiri, Hafiz, Hafiz-e Abru, Hatifi, Hidayat, Hilali, Jamalzade, Jami, Khayyam, Mirkhvand, Montazeri, Muhammad Daud Khan, mullah, Nadir Shah, Najibullah, Nasir-i Khusrau, Nizami, novruz, Parsipur, pashtun/pushtun, Rabbani, Rafsanjani......, Rudaki, Rumi, Sadi, Saidi, Sanai, Shahnameh, Shamlu, Shariati, Shariat-Madari, al-Talalbani, Taleban, Ubaid-i Zakani, Nima Yushidj...

LOCATION OF MOSQUES AND TOWN PLANNING LAWS IN NIGERIA

African Journals Online (AJOL)

mr tomir

over-utilization of land by man and its symptoms or outcomes are clear indicators of man-land .... sensitive organism where every part of its body reacts to and is affected by .... concocting plans to frustrate the moves of Prophet Muhammad. Abu Amir ..... a country may maintain an action against another for intruding into her ...

Nineteenth-Century Cairo Arabic as Described by Qadrī and Nahla

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zack, L.; Grigore, G.; Bițună, G.

2016-01-01

This paper compares two 19th century works, Muhammad Qadrī’s Nouveau guide de conversation française et arabe (1868) and Ya‘qūb Nahla’s New Manual of English and Arabic Conversation (1874). These works have some common aspects: both were written by prominent Egyptians, had the dual purpose of

The Concept of Moderation Among Islamic Pious Predecessors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shumsudin Yabi

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Islam is religion of simplicity, moderation, just and perfect that leads its followers to the rightful path. Moderation is an important aspect in our daily life. Prophet Muhammad praise be upon him (PBUH moderate lifestyle is a perfect exemplary. These exemplary has been adapted by previous Islamic scholars in their daily life thus they had emphasized the importance of understanding Al-Quran and Sunnah based on the understanding of previous pious predecessors. Some of the factors that had caused the digression are the diversion, misunderstanding and misinterpretation resulting to improper understanding of the concept on moderation. All these had caused misunderstanding and conflict of interests among us that had caused a disaster to the community. Results of the study found that the pious predecessors had drawn the concepts of moderations in five aspects of life. They are moderation in doing justice and goodness, doing pious deeds, in managing the economic and financial, in following the rightful path and finally moderation in leading our daily life following the exemplary of Prophet Muhammad PBUH.

MELAHIRKAN KEMBALI ULAMA PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA: Refleksi atas Kelangkaan Ulama Perempuan di Indonesia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isnatin Ulfa

2016-02-01

  Abstract: Women discrimination judges as a reason of rare of women ula>ma>. Muh}ammad saw, in early Islam, places women as men as well; they can improve their intellectuality, can express amount of activities freely. Nevertheless, phases after Muh}ammad death, The condition goes back significantly. This condition reduces women’s role both at domestic aspect and at public areas such as education and other works and activities. It is real that nowadays, there are fiercely few women ula>ma>’ who work at an intellectual atmosphere including intellectual works, a political world, and a social sphere. Patriarch culture ‘drives’ to this condition. Men’s oriented interpretation of religious texts gives also this condition worse because of its bias. This bias of interpretation reduces women rights.  ‘Women Perspective’, as a solution, can probably produce not only more fair religious law but also indiscriminative texts. Islamic world should ‘open’ and give women rights as human to raise their intellectual quality and to give birth of new women ula>ma>’. Key Word: Ulama Perempuan, diskriminasi, gender.

Lubâb At-Ta’wîl ‘Inda Al-Imâm Al-Khâzîn Baina Al-Ma’tsûr wa Ar-Ra’yi (Dirâsah Maudhu’iyyah fi Ayah al-Qashash

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Shulhi Alhadi siregar

2018-03-01

Full Text Available This paper concern to study about one of Tafseer book, namely Lubâb al-Ta'wîl fi Ma'âny at-Tanzîl by Imam al-Khazin. Some scholars differ in the setting of sources of tafseer. Such as, the well-known scholars, Muhammad Ali Iyazi and Muhammad Husain ad-Dzahabi. Ulama Iyazi assumes that Tafseer Khazin belongs to the category of commentary bi al-Ma'tsûr, since this commentary is an ikhtishar of Tafseer al-Baghawi. While some scholars such as adz-Dzahabi, categorized this tafseer into the bi al-Ra'yi. By using the tahlily documentation method and the thematic method associated with Qashash verses in the Qur'an, the researchers found the correct method, namely the tafseer of al-Atsary an-Nazhary or known by tafseer bi al-Ma'tsûr who use Ra'yi as an extension of explanation and the determination of the most powerful law, seen from writing theme related at the end of its tafseer.

MICROFINANCE ET PAUVRETÉ

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

AIDER LES DÉMUNIS À S'AIDER EUX-MÊMES. Le CRDI et ses partenaires félicitent chaudement le professeur Muhammad. Yunus et la Grameen Bank, lauréats conjoints du prix Nobel de la paix 2006. Nous applaudissons cet hommage rendu à notre partenaire dans la lutte contre la pauvreté et sommes ravis, par ...

L'élevage de la poule indigène, gage de résilience pour les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

3 juin 2016 ... Woman holding a chicken on her farm. Leigh Brownhill, Zipporah Bukania, Kimberly Bothi, Erick Mungube, Lutta Muhammad et Esther Njuguna. La recherche montre qua la poule indigène peut contribuer de façon stratégique à la résilience dans les zones semi-arides du Kenya. Des chercheurs du Kenya ...

Information Operations in Pursuit of Terrorists

Science.gov (United States)

2007-09-01

affairs in secrecy.” It was said in the proverbs, "The hearts of freemen are the tombs of secrets" and "Moslems’ secrecy is faithfulness, and talking...and prepare for new attacks.299 In May 2007, Al Qaeda named an Egyptian , Mustafa Ahmed Muhammad Uthman Abu al-Yazid, as the group’s leader for

Bukti Kebenaran Al-quran

OpenAIRE

Aliyah, Sri

2015-01-01

Al Quran is the greatest miracles of Muhammad SAW as the direction of humankind in order to reach eternal happiness. Scientific evidences show that Al Quran has the truth massages, although it was released far before the finding of modern sciences. The researches continue to study the truth of Al Quran an it revealed the historical fact.

Destiny of a Nobleman: Aq-Muhammаd-Oglan and His Son Fedor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I.V. Zaytsev

2013-11-01

Full Text Available The article contains a biography of Aq-Muhammad-oglan – politician and military commander who was active in Kazan and Crimean Khanates in the 1540–1570’s while the members of his family were removed to Moscow in 1551. The biography is based on the documents of Moscow, Kazan and Crimean origin.

Et skæg

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rytter, Mikkel

2014-01-01

I islam er profeten Muhammad en refleksion af Guds vilje, og han har følgelig status som “det perfekte menneske’. Profeten er således et ideal og eksempel til efterfølgelse for muslimer verden over. Dette kapitel diskuterer, hvordan danske sufi-muslimer an- lægger sig signifikante fuldskæg – selvom...

Synthesis and Functionalization of Atomic Layer Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Advanced Material Applications

Science.gov (United States)

2014-06-05

PAGES 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Form Approved OMB...Phys., 89, (2001) 5243. [14] M. Depas, R. L. Van Meirhaegue, W. H. Laflère, F. Cardon , Solid- State Electron, 37, (1994) 433. [15] Muhammad Sajjad

Iqbal's Inferences from the Qur'an: Objectives of Education for Developing the Individual Self

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Muhammad Abid; Hussien, Suhailah

2017-01-01

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan won its independence seventy years ago, yet its education system continues to be secular. If one of the main aims of education is to prepare the young generation for achieving national objectives, it is but imperative for Pakistan to design an education system from the Islamic perspective. Since Muhammad Iqbal is…

Grameen Banks. Digest Number 97-6.

Science.gov (United States)

Foote, Elizabeth

Grameen Banks are a model of successful support for the smallest businesses. The Grameen Bank began in 1976, when Muhammad Yunus, an economics professor at Chittagong University in southern Bangladesh, loaned Sufiya Khatun, a weaver of bamboo stools, $4 U.S. to buy supplies and raise her daily profit from 2 cents to $1.25. Her success prompted…

REKONSTRUKSIHUKUM ISLAM DANIMPLIKASI SOSIAL BUDAYA PASCA REFORMASI DI INDONESIA

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Muwahid Shulhan

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Nabi Muhammad tidak sepenuhnya memusnahkan tradisi Arab pra-Islam. Bahkan, Nabi Muhammad banyak menciptakan aturan-aturan yang melegalkan hukum adat masyarakat Arab, sehingga memberi tempat bagi praktik hukum adat di dalam sistem hukum Islam. Signifikansi peran budaya dalam hukum Islam kemudian diteruskan oleh para penerusnya. Dengan demikian, budaya memiliki posisi yang penting dalam sejarah hukum Islam. Ini juga membuktikan bahwa budaya yang berkembang dalam masyarakat tidak harus tunduk dalam ekspresi hukum Islam (corak Arab, melainkan hukum Islam harus melakukan proses mutasi untuk beradaptasi di bawah naungan budaya yang hidup di masyarakat sepanjang budaya tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran fundamental dan spirit Islam. Dalam konteks Indonesia, paling tidak ada dua gagasan penting, yaitu: “fikih Indonesia” dan “pribumisasi Islam”. Dari kedua gagasan ini, setidaknya ada dua paradigma penting dalam upaya pribumisasi hukum Islam, yaitu: pertama, kontekstual, hukum Islam dipahami sebagai ajaran yang terkait dengan dimensi zaman dan tempat. Kedua, menghargai tradisi lokal. Dengan kedua paradigma ini, maka pribumisasi hukum Islam akan menjadi lebih jelas. Dengan demikian, pasca reformasi haruslah menjadi momen positif untuk merekontruksi budaya lokal, bukan malah menghancurkannya dengan pemaksaan konsep hukum yang tidak sesuai dengan kepribadian bangsa Indonesia. Abstract: The fact explains that the Prophet Muhammad is not completely destroy the tradition of pre-Islamic Arabia. In fact, Prophet Muhammad creating many rules of customary law which  legalizing pre-Islamic custom of  Arab society, thus giving the place for the practice of customary law in the Islamic legal system. The significance of  culture in Islamic law and then passed on by his successors. Thus, culture has an important position in the history of Islamic law. It also proves that the culture that developed in the community should not be subject to the

No facultative worker policing in the honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.)

Science.gov (United States)

Loope, Kevin J.; Seeley, Thomas D.; Mattila, Heather R.

2013-05-01

Kin selection theory predicts that in colonies of social Hymenoptera with multiply mated queens, workers should mutually inhibit ("police") worker reproduction, but that in colonies with singly mated queens, workers should favor rearing workers' sons instead of queens' sons. In line with these predictions, Mattila et al. (Curr Biol 22:2027-2031, 2012) documented increased ovary development among workers in colonies of honey bees with singly mated queens, suggesting that workers can detect and respond adaptively to queen mating frequency and raising the possibility that they facultative police. In a follow-up experiment, we test and reject the hypothesis that workers in single-patriline colonies prefer worker-derived males and are able to reproduce directly; we show that their eggs are policed as strongly as those of workers in colonies with multiply mated queens. Evidently, workers do not respond facultatively to a kin structure that favors relaxed policing and increased direct reproduction. These workers may instead be responding to a poor queen or preparing for possible queen loss.

RELIGIOUS EDUCATION BASED MULTICULTURALISME IN VIEW OF MUHAMMAD FETHULLAH GULEN

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M. Khoirul Hadi al-Asya'ari

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Research is a research-based Library Research, which is based on the reading of the literature on Fethullah Gulen, this research wants to reveal about the importance of education based on the multicultural, multicultural education in this paper pick-tentak Fethullah Gulen figure that gives an integral view of religion and public education, in this paper will show some results of the first study, that multicultural education is important in the effort menghalu radicalism, Fethullah Gulen's second try to give a new reading of Islamic religious education toward a more Humanist and egalitarian, the third understanding of multicultural education is taken from the understanding of the Qur'an.

Войскам Каддафи раздают "Виагру" / Эвелин Калдоя

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Калдоя, Эвелин, 1980-

2011-01-01

Venemaa välisministeerium teatas Moskvat külastanud Liibüa liidri Muammar Gaddafi esindajale Muhammad Ahmed al-Sharifile, et Liibüa peab järgima ÜRO Julgeolekunõukogu otsuseid ja lõpetama sõjalise jõu kasutamise tsiviilisikute vastu. Liibüast lahkus naftaminister Shukuri Ghanem. Gaddafit kahtlustatakse oma vägedele massivägistamisteks potentsiravimi Viagra jagamises. Tagaotsitavad

Gaddafi vägedel lasub kahtlus massivägistamistes Viagra abil / Evelyn Kaldoja

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaldoja, Evelyn, 1980-

2011-01-01

Venemaa välisministeerium teatas Moskvat külastanud Liibüa liidri Muammar Gaddafi esindajale Muhammad Ahmed al-Sharifile, et Liibüa peab järgima ÜRO Julgeolekunõukogu otsuseid ja lõpetama sõjalise jõu kasutamise tsiviilisikute vastu. Liibüast lahkus naftaminister Shukuri Ghanem. Gaddafit kahtlustatakse oma vägedele massivägistamisteks potentsiravimi Viagra jagamises. Tagaotsitavad

ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PT. ASURANSI JIWASRAYA (PERSERO) CABANG SULAWESI SELATAN

OpenAIRE

ARIANTY, ASTRI

2012-01-01

ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PT. ASURANSI JIWASRAYA (PERSERO) CABANG SULAWESI SELATAN COMPANY FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS PT. INSURANCE JIWASRAYA (LIMITED) SOUTH BRANCH SULAWESI Astri Arianty Prof. Dr. H. Muhammad Ali, SE., M.S Drs. Armayah Sida, M.Si Analisis terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat pencapaian yang telah diperoleh perusahaan sebagaimana tujuan perusahaan dalam menjalankan proses produk...

Winning the Strategic Narrative in the Israeli-Palestinian Protracted Conflict

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-01

Introduction to Islamic Theology and Law (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981), Translated from the German, Vorlesungen uber den Islam...University Press, 1981), Translated from the German, Vorlesungen uber den Islam (Heidelberg, 1910), 3–30; Maulana Muhammad Ali, The Holy Qur’an (Dublin...Nabi, “Exporing the Framing Effects of Emotion: Do Discrete Emotions Differentially Influence Information Accessibility, Information Seeking, and Policy

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 101 - 117 of 117 ... FO Olatunji, UF Ibrahim, N Muhammad, AA Msheliza, BB Akku, UY Ibrahim, BT Rano, M Maigoro, MU Ali. Vol 25, No 2 (2011), The use of Anti-Retroviral drugs in the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, Abstract. KP Manji, MP Manji, FG Sheriff. Vol 25, No 1 (2011), The vital role ...

PENGARUH KESESUAIAN TUGAS-TEKNOLOGI, KUALITAS INFORMASI, DAN KUALITAS SISTEM TERHADAP KINERJA INDIVIDU PENGGUNA SISTEM ERP

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WIJAYA OEI, SUFENNY

2016-01-01

2016 PENGARUH KESESUAIAN TUGAS-TEKNOLOGI, KUALITAS INFORMASI, DAN KUALITAS SISTEM TERHADAP KINERJA INDIVIDU PENGGUNA SISTEM ERP THE EFFECT OF TASK-TECHNOLOGY FIT, INFORMATION QUALITY, AND SYSTEM QUALITY TO ERP SYSTEM???S USER PERFORMANCE Sufenny Wijaya Oei Abdul Hamid Habbe Muhammad Achyar Ibrahim Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kesesuaian tugas-teknologi, kualitas informasi, dan kualitas sistem terhadap kinerja individu pengguna sistem Enterpr...

Growth & Governance in Asia

Science.gov (United States)

2004-01-01

Project Discussion Paper no.14/2001. Institute for East Asian Studies, Gerhard Mercator Univesitat Duisburg, 2001(b); Mohamad Abu Bakar , “Islam...Dieter Evers, ed., Modernisation in Southeast Asia. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford, 1973; Muhammad Yusoff Hashim, The Malay Sultanate of Malacca. Kuala Lumpur...from the peasantry (educated in the Malay vernacular of SITC or Sultan Idris Training College) and strongly influenced by the left wing of the

Syed Mahmood Naqvi (27 August 1941 - 04 September 2009)

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Naqvi, S.W.A.; Rao, Y.J.B.

-1 SYED MAHMOOD NAQVI (1941-2009) Elected Fellow 1986 LIFE, EDUCATION AND FAMILY Being a descendent of Prophet Muhammad's daughter Syeda (hence the title 'Syed') through the 10 lh Shia Imam Ali Naqi (hence the surname 'Naqvi'). Mahmood's roots into science... living, something that he was not used to. He was only moderately educated. However, both he and his father wanted Bhni to obtain ...

Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Asam dan Waktu Demineralisasi pada Nilai Rendemen dan Sifat Fisiko Kimia Gelatin Tulang Sapi Bali.

OpenAIRE

Ramadani, Dewi

2014-01-01

2014 Dewi Ramadani (I 411 10 267). Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Asam dan Waktu Demineralisasi pada Nilai Rendemen dan Sifat Fisiko Kimia Gelatin Tulang Sapi Bali. Muhammad Irfan Said Sebagai Pembimbing Utama dan Farida Nur Yuliati Sebagai Pembimbing Anggota. Gelatin merupakan senyawa hasil hidrolisis serabut kolagen secara persial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh jenis larutan dan waktu demineralisasi pada nilai rendemen dan sif...

To the Question of the Use of the Ethnic Term“Tatars” in Arab Historical Literature »

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E.G. Sayfetdinova

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Reconstruction of the ethnogenesis of the peoples inhabited the Golden Horde is one of the issues being studied intensively in modern historical scholarship. Medieval Arab sources play an important role in studying the history of the peoples of the Golden Horde. Study of contemporary Arab authors’ historical researches where medieval Arab chronicles are analyzed in greater detail, is necessary to understand their importance. Objective: study of the Arab historical literature regarding the issue of the use of the ethnic term “Tatars”. Some contemporary Arab historical researches are used as materials for this research. For example, Muhammad Sahil Takkush calls the Golden Horde – “Magul-Kypchak”, and Iran – “Magul-Faris” in his book “History of the Mamluks in Egypt and Syria”. Qasim Abdel Qasim, the author of the book “Era of the Mamluk Sultans”, calls the Golden Horde “bilad al-kypchak”. In his work “The Mamluks”, Shaydiyaz al-Garini calls Berke the “khan of the Golden Horde tribe” and the Golden Horde inhabitants – “at-tatar al-kypchak”, i.e. the “Kypchak Tatars”. Of particular interest is the book of Egyptian historian Muhammad Abdelgani al-Ashqar “Salar – the Tatar Muslim Emir (Naib of the Mamluk Sultan in Egypt, 1260–1310”. It describes the reign of Sultan al-Malik an-Nasir Muhammad who was in close friendly relations with the Golden Horde khan Uzbek. It is known that the Golden Horde Muslims prayed for Sultan al-Malik al-Nasir mentioning his name after khan Uzbek. Long-term friendship between the Golden Horde and Egypt eventually led to the conclusion of a dynastic marriage between Egyptian Sultan an-Nasir and the Golden Horde princess Tulunbay. As a result, the study of the use of the ethnic term “Tatars” in Arab historical literature remains relevant and requires a review of some of the preconceived ideas about the ethnic history of the Tatar people in the Arab world in favor of

Berberine nanoparticles with enhanced in vitro bioavailability: characterization and antimicrobial activity

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Sahibzada MUK

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Umar Khayam Sahibzada,1,2 Abdul Sadiq,2 Hani S Faidah,3 Muhammad Khurram,4 Muhammad Usman Amin,4 Abdul Haseeb,5,6 Maria Kakar4 1Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan; 2Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan; 3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan; 5Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Peneng, Malaysia; 6Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Background: Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid widely used in Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine to treat illnesses such as hypertension and inflammatory conditions, and as an anticancer and hepato-protective agent. Berberine has low oral bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility and insufficient dissolution rate, which can reduce the efficacy of drugs taken orally. In this study, evaporative precipitation of nanosuspension (EPN and anti-solvent precipitation with a syringe pump (APSP were used to address the problems of solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of berberine. Methods: Semi-crystalline nanoparticles (NPs of 90–110 nm diameter for APSP and 65–75 nm diameter for EPN were prepared and then characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC and X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD. Thereafter, drug content solubility and dissolution studies were undertaken. Berberine and its NPs were evaluated for their antibacterial activity. Results: The results indicate that the NPs have significantly increased solubility and dissolution rate due to conversion of the crystalline structure to a semi-crystalline form. Conclusion: Berberine NPs produced by both APSP and EPN methods have shown promising activities against Gram

Ekonomi Perspektif Imam al-Shatibi

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Zainil Ghulam

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Development of Islamic Economic Thought has begun since Muhammad SAW was appointed as Rasulullah (messanger of God. Muhammad SAW has issued a number of policies that concerning various matters was related with social matters, in addition is legal issues (fiqh, politics (siyasah, as well as commercial or economic matters (muamalah. The economic problems of the people are part of concerning of the Prophet SAW, because economic problems are the pillars of the faith which must be observed. Furthermore, the policies of the Prophet Muhammad SAW made the guidelines by the Caliphs as their successors in deciding economic issues. Al-Qur'an and Al-Hadith used as the basis of economic theory by the caliphs are also used by his followers in organizing the economic life of the country. Islamic economic thinking is the response of Muslim thinkers to the economic challenges of their time. The Islamic economic thought is inspired and guided by the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah as well by their ijtihad (thought and empirical experience. Ijtihad is a process of humanity, but the teachings of the Qur'an and sunna are not human thoughts. The object of study in Islamic economic thought is not the Qur'anic and Sunnah teachings about economics but the Islamic scholars think about the economy in history or how they understand the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah about economics. The object of Islamic economic thought also includes how Islamic economic history takes place in historical practice. Discourse of economic history in Islam in now, was less respond because most of Muslim scholars have studied and conceptualize in such a way. They are the conceptors of Islamic economics actuallya, although the Islamic economic term in Indonesia has only grown rapidly in the last three decades. The study of Islamic economics gradually developed as an interdisciplinary field of science which is the subject of study of fuqaha, mufassir, philosopher, sociologist, and

أثر التربية الاسلامية في قصص القرآن الكريم

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مائدة عباس حميدي المسعودي

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Praise be to God, prayer and peace be upon the Prophet Muhammad (God bless him and his family and his family and him and I bear witness that no God but Allah alone with no partner and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. Qur'an was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him and his family and his family and him to be the Constitution and the law, guidance for mankind book stamped by divine books on the seal of the prophets and messengers is the Constitution of the Creator for the reform of creation, and the law of heaven to guide mankind .The Koran carries the meaning of care and welfare, rehabilitation, discipline, and therefore the first jam is God because God's Word is derived from the polite, to man through the prophets and scriptures that included my name and the highest moral values that promote human and make him eligible for the responsibility of a succession of Allah on Earth and the greatest Prophet (God bless him and his family and his family and him jam for this nation in the Qur'an, it has supervised the raising a generation of people and this unique phenomenon has seen an astonishing history until now .The importance of Quranic stories and the magnitude of the many items in the Koran as a curriculum educationally integrated and consistent and that its story and his sermons and guidance unit inconsistent, and the Koran uses the stories of all kinds of education and guidance covered by the educational approach where human rears moral education, social, and aesthetic .So the Koranic story was an important means of learning and guidance and legislation, and it has an active role in the construction of the individual and society, and instilling noble values and get rid of the perverse values and work to amputate it from the community. And visualize educational curriculum and to chart a course for the advancement of generations through its behavior according to the Islamic law.

„Der Islam begann als Fremder, und als Fremder wird er wiederkehren“

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Riexinger, Martin Thomas

2015-01-01

of a different ontological status to him and following Ibn Taymiyya he even affirms the historicity of the story of the cranes, implying that ʿiṣma does not mean total infallibility. By stressing both the human character of Muhammad and his military activities the author intends to demonstrate that all his...... actions which are not related to revelation, in particular the defeat of paganism, can and have to be repeated....

Study of Brand Awareness and BrandImage of Starbucks

OpenAIRE

Rizwan, Muhammad; xian, Qin

2008-01-01

Abstract Date: September 1, 2008 Course: EFO705 Master Thesis International Marketing Tutor: Peter Dalin Authors: Muhammad Rizwan Qin Xian Title: Study of Brand Awareness and Brand Image of Starbucks Problem: To investigate to what extent the Swedish youths have brand awareness about the brand of Starbucks and what kind of brand perception of Starbucks as reflected by the brand association held in target customers’ memories (brand image). Purpos...

Penerapan Prinsip Non Discrimination Dalam World Trade Organization Terhadap Kebijakan Tenaga Kerja Asing Di Indonesia (Studi Kasus : Tenaga Kerja Asing Tiongkok Di Indonesia)

OpenAIRE

-, VERA NURUL HAYATI

2016-01-01

2016 Vera Nurul Hayati (B 111 12 117),The Application of Non Discrimination Principle of World Trade Organization Against Foreign Workers in Indonesia (Case Study : China Foreign Workers in Indonesia), led by Muhammad Ashri dan Laode Abdul Gani. Writing aims to determine 1) Implementation of Non Discrimination principle on policy regulation against Foreign labor in Indonesia. 2) Enforcement of non discrimination principle against Tiongkok foreign labor in Indonesia. ...

Taking Jihad Out of the Hands of Infidels

Science.gov (United States)

2007-06-01

both Mecca and Medina from the Turks. In taking Mecca, the Wahhabis demonstrated their religious ferocity by destroying the tomb of Muhammad...did not sit well with the Turkish sultan. He tasked Mehmed Ali, the Egyptian Sultan, “to recover the holy cities.”73 On their third attempt, the...notable contributor to this transformation was an Egyptian named Sayyed Qutb, whose book, Milestones, was published in 1964. Qutb developed and

Tactical Economics: The U.S. Army’s Tactical Contribution to Economic Development

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-08

Sachs, and Dr. William Easterly. Sachs is a world-renowned scholar made popular with his involvement on the transition of the former Soviet Union from...health, education, power and communications, and water and sanitation.30 Dr. William Easterly gives a contrasting view to Sachs. Easterly is an...34Muhammad Yunus and Ray Porter, Banker to the Poor [Micro-Lending and the Battle against World Poverty] (Ashland, OR: Blackstone Audiobooks). 35

The Nature of Insurgency in Afghanistan and the Regional Power Politics

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-01

www.thebulletin.org/web- edition/ columnists /gordon-adams/afghanistan-and-pakistan-the-graveyard-us-foreign-policy-plannin (accessed January 20, 2010). 84 Anotnio...comprising an “insurgent syndicate .”152 This syndicate includes the Afghan Taliban under Mullah Muhammad Omar, who is allegedly operating from... syndicate , Hizb-i-Islami (HiG), is another old Afghan Mujahedeen organization led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. HiG received maximum support from the CIA

The Differences Between Men And Women Language Styles In Writing Twitter Updates

OpenAIRE

FATIN, MARSHELINA

2014-01-01

Fatin, Marshelina. 2013. The Differences between Men and Women LanguageStyles in Writing Twitter Updates. Study Program of English, UniversitasBrawijaya. Supervisor: Isti Purwaningtyas; Co-supervisor: Muhammad Rozin.Keywords: Twitter, Twitter updates, Language style, Men language, Womenlanguage. The language which is used by people has so many differences. The differences itself are associated with men and women which belong to gender. If there are differences in spoken language, written lang...

In the Same Light as Slavery: Building a Global Antiterrorist Consensus

Science.gov (United States)

2006-12-01

programs, or, as suggested above, in video or audiotapes of famous jihadists. They may also be found in popular song, cinema , and theatrical productions... Malaysian prime minister Mahathir Muhammad, speaking at the same summit meeting, concluded that, “We, the whole Muslim umma, are treated with contempt and...the resentments have emerged more recently and have intensified since the 1997 Asian economic crisis. Most Indonesians and Malaysians believe their

ANALISIS POTENSI PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK HOTEL DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA MAKASSAR

OpenAIRE

-, MUHAMMAD TRY DHARSANA AMBO ALA DEPARTEMEN AKUNTANSI FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR 2017

2017-01-01

Analisis Potensi Pemungutan Pajak Hotel dalam Rangka Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Makassar Analysis of Hotels Tax Collection Potency in Makkasar???s Own-Source Revenue Increase Muhammad Try Dharsana Ambo Ala Andi Kusumawati Yulianus Sampe Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besar potensi pajak hotel dan seberapa jauh bentuk usaha yang di lakukan oleh pemerintah daerah dalam menggali potensi pajak hotel di kota Makassar. Untuk menghitung potensi, efektivi...

UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L.) SECARA IN VIVO TERHADAP SCABIES PADA KAMBING KACANG (Capra hircus)

OpenAIRE

-, NUR SRIANI REZKI

2017-01-01

ABSTRAK Nur Sriani Rezki. O111 12 110, Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) Secara In Vivo terhadap Scabies pada Kambing Kacang (Capra hircus). Di bawah bimbingan ABDUL WAHID JAMALUDDIN dan MUHAMMAD FADHLULLAH MURSALIM. Kehidupan ternak kambing sering diganggu oleh beberapa penyakit. Salah satu yang disebabkan oleh parasit terutama ektoparasit yang sering dijumpai adalah scabies. Penyakit ini umumnya disebabkan oleh Sarcoptes scabiei. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji akt...

Lightweight Portable Plasma Medical Device - Plasma Engineering Research Laboratory

Science.gov (United States)

2012-10-01

a wide range of standard biomedical treatment applications. The ppm concentration of NO2 is below the OSHA safety standards. The formation of...K. F. Muhammad, A. H. Ahmad, and Z. Mohid, in Experimental micromachining of silicon with Nd-YAG laser, Malaysia , 2011 (Trans Tech Publications), p...applications. The ppm concentration of NO2 is below the OSHA safety standards. The formation of different active species produced in non-thermal air

Islam’s First Arrow: The Battle of Badr as a Decisive Battle in Islamic History and Its Significance Today

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-01

of the Bible “eye-for-an-eye” mentality may have contributed to the political instability and rampant tribal infighting so common during this period...Khaybar (Betrayal), Battle of Karbala (Noble Sacrifice), Shaytan’s ( Satan ) Handiwork, (Ruse), Seventy-two Virgins (Noble Sacrifice), Mahdi (Deliverance...Publishing: 2004. http://www.intelcenter.com/Badr-al-Riyadh- v1-1. pdf Armstrong, Karen. Muhammad: A Prophet For Our Time. New York: Harper Collins, 2006

ANALISIS PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM PENINGKATAN PANGSA PASAR PADA PT. HADJI KALLA (TOYOTA) CABANG URIP DI MAKASSAR

OpenAIRE

MAULADI RAHMAN, EKI

2012-01-01

- EKI MAULADI RAHMAN, A211 076 644. Analisis Penerapan Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Peningkatan Pangsa Pasar Pada PT. Hadji Kalla (Toyota) Cabang Urip di Makassar. (dibimbing oleh Muhammad Ismail dan Mukhtar) Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi pemasaran mobil Toyota pada PT. Hadji Kalla (Toyota) Cabang Urip di Makassar melalui penerapan (produk, harga, promosi dan saluran distribusi) dalam peningkatan pangsa pasar, untuk menganlisis sejauh mana penerapan ...

RADIKALISME ATAS NAMA AGAMA: Tafsir Historis Kepemimpinan Nabi Muhammad di Madinah

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Inayatul Ulya

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Lately the radicalism on behalf religion has been exposed more often through the media in the form of terror, bombing, some violent actions and a variety of other religion crime packaged. Religion is regarded to become a precise media as the reason for the emergence of terrorism. Religion in this matter is too sensitive for pitting on behalf of political expediency. The consequence of the radicalism movement in the name of religion can be bad record because religion should has been called for in peace. The emergence of issues and phenomena of Islamic radicalism become the transnational discourse which cornering the Islam and became a new challenge for Muslims to answer it. Islamic radicalism became a historical phenomenon and also sociological becomes a much talked in the political discourse and global civilization. The consequence of the discourse is then popped the stigma that felt less comfortable for Muslims. For example: the stigma about the Islamic radical movement, the Islamic hardliners, fundamentalism, militants, extremists, right Islam, to terrorism.

Memahami Maslahat Menggunakan Pendekatan Filsafat Utilitarianisme Menurut Muhammad Abû Zahrah

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Abdul Basith Junaidy

2014-03-01

Full Text Available This paper seeks to describe the efforts of Abû Zahrah in making the philosophy of utilitarianism as a means of understanding the concept of maslahah mursalah in legal reasoning. In Zahrah’s view, the principle of utilitarianism can be taken into account as a guide to understand and apply the concept of maslahah. Zahrah goes on to argue that maslahah can be applied quantitatively using the hedonic calculus as a tool of measurement. Zahrah defines maslahah as an action that is valued as having the greatest benefit for the majority of people in the long term. In his opinion, there are seven factors that determine the level of satisfaction and pain resulted from an action, namely intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, fecundity, purity, and extent. The calculation will produce positive balance if the credit (satisfaction is much greater than the debt (pain. This calculus, according to Zahrah, can be applied to measure the benefit and loss in the discourses of maslahah mursalah.

AN ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES IN THE ENGLISH VERSION OF ARRAHMAN SURAH

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Farida Repelita Wati Kembaren

2018-02-01

Full Text Available The Holy Qur’an has been translated into many languages including English. However, different translator of the Holy Qur’an produces different English version of Al-Qur’an because every translator uses different translation techniques to translate Al-Qur’an. This study aims to compare the three English versions of Arrahman surah, and describe the most dominant translation techniques used by the three translators to translate the Holy Qur’an. Translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir (2002, p.509-511 are used to analyze the data. The data for this study are words, phrases, and clauses in the 78 verses of Arrahman surah in Arabic and its three English versions translated by Maulawi Sher ‘Ali, Dr. Muhammad Taqi­ud­Din Al­Hilali and Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, and Talal Itani. The result shows that there are four most dominant techniques used by the three translators in translating the Holy Qur’an; Adaptation, Amplification, Established Equivalent, and Literal Translation technique. The first and the second translator prefer to use Amplification to introduce details in brackets or footnotes, but the third translator prefers to use Established Equivalent to find a term or expression recognized (by dictionaries or language in use as an equivalent.

Islám v médiích (mediální reprezentace sporu o karikatury islámského proroka Mohameda v Mladé frontě DNES)

OpenAIRE

Sedláčková, Lucie

2009-01-01

The thesis results from theory and method of Critical Discourse Analysis. It demonstrates the perspective of media representation of events in selected media texts. The analysis of intertextuality and representation of social actors prove unbalance and bias in daily newspapers Mladá fronta DNES representing Muhammad cartoon controversy (in the end of January until February 2006). The thesis is also concerned with theoretical background of media studies with emphasis on the role of mass media ...

An Aid to Neuro-Ophthalmology

OpenAIRE

Akram, Muhammad

2011-01-01

Muhammad Shoaib AkramDepartment of Ophthalmology, King Fahad Military Hospital, Khamis Mushyat, Saudi ArabiaNeuro-ophthalmology is a very interesting field. Localizing a lesion in various pathways can be challenging, particularly for beginners. One needs a solid foundation of the neuro-anatomy of visual pathways to enhance understanding. The author aims to provide medical students and residents with the basic concepts of neuro-ophthalmology. This text attempts to simplify the complex problems...

Iran, Iraq, and the United States: The New Triangle’s Impact on Sectarianism and the Nuclear Threat

Science.gov (United States)

2006-11-01

cultural developments in the Middle East. She is the author of 12 books and monographs, and more than 51 articles and book chapters. Dr. Zuhur...Muhammad Reza Pahlavi, was overthrown in an Islamic revolution, and country after country faced the activities of home -grown Islamist movements. Today...a of Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Lebanon are, on the other hand, Arabs. Shi’ism itself was originally both an Arabian peninsular and a Mesopotamian

KAOS HADIS SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH DAN KOMUNIKASI ALTERNATIF

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Umi Aflaha

2017-12-01

Artikel ini ingin melihat mengungkap bagaimana maraknya kaos hadis atau kaos dakwah yang berlandaskan pada hadis-hadis Nabi Muhammad saw. Pengamatan fenomena ini dalam kerangka living hadis, kemudian akan dikaji dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori semiotika komunikasi Chalres Sanders Pierce yang meliputi ikon, indeks, dan simbol. Dari sini diharapkan tulisan ini mampu memberikan penjelasan secara komprehensif tentang adanya fenomena tersebut, dan memantik kreasi komunikasi dalam dakwah Islam yang lebih luas tanpa tensi dalam memandang ragam persepsi.

Exploring New Thermal Fog and Ultra-Low Volume Technologies to Improve Indoor Control of the Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Science.gov (United States)

2014-07-01

Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) JAMES F. HARWOOD,1,2 MUHAMMAD FAROOQ,1 ALEC G. RICHARDSON,1 CARL W. DOUD,1 JOHN L. PUTNAM,3 DANIEL E...vector, Aedes aegypti (L.), inside human habitations must be performed quickly and efÞciently to reduce the risk of transmission during dengue...immediate knockdown of vector populations that may lower the risk of infection and allow other suppression strategies to be implemented. KEY WORDS Aedes

How Do Microfinance Programs Contribute to Poverty Reduction

Science.gov (United States)

2016-09-01

areas have experienced statistically higher incidents of crime tied to class conflict.90 Land tax systems under the British were also responsible for...countries.173 This low delinquency rate is credited to the lack of alternative opportunities that are available to the poor.174 According to Muhammad...TOTAL: 909 54.6 60.2 55 Figure 2. Program Duration and Objective Poverty.197 The statistical analysis conducted by Chowdhury, Gosh and Wright finds

Would the U.S. Benefit from a Unified National Strategy to Combat Violent Salafi Jihadism

Science.gov (United States)

2015-12-01

button, and you honk the horn. You touch another button, and the windscreen wiper works. This mechanical model is the West’s terrorism model: pyramidal ...conflict with some Islamic scholars. According to Ayoob, theologians like Muhammad Abduh of Egypt around the turn of the twentieth century advocated...Wiktorowicz’s framework, is the Salafist al Nour Party in Egypt . According to Khalil as- Anani, the al Nour Party is in a power struggle with the Muslim

Nilai Pendidikan Dalam Komik One Piece Jilid 1-23 Karya Eiichiro Oda (Sebuah Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra)

OpenAIRE

Furqon, Muhammad Taufiq

2013-01-01

Furqon, Muhammad Taufiq. 2013. “Nilai Pendidikan dalam Komik One Piece Jilid 1-23 Karya Eiichiro Oda”. Skripsi S-1 Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah komik One Piece dilihat dari bentuknya hanya terdiri dari gambar dan teks, tetapi ada unsur-unsur fiksi terdapat di dalamnya seperti adanya tema, tokoh, latar,dan ada amanat yang ingin disampaikan pengarangnya. Sehingga pemahaman dan pemaknaan terhadapnya mampu memberikan manfaat bagi p...

Syria and Iraq: Relations and Prospects

Science.gov (United States)

1984-05-01

Asad TABLE 1 HAFIZ AL-ASAD’S KINSHIP GROUP Position Kinship Adnan Makhluf Muhammad al-Khuli Ali Dubah Ali Arslan Ali Salih Ali Haydar Shafiq...predecessor, General Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr, to neutralize the military’s tendency to overthrow the Party, as it did in 1963 under General Abd al-Salam Arif...SADDAM HUSAYN’S KINSHIP GROUP POSITION KINSHIP General Adnan Khay- rallah (Talfah) Ali Hasan al-Majid Fadhil al-Barrak Izzat Ibrahim al-Duri Kamil

CTC Sentinel. Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2010

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-01

stories of the Prophet Muhammad’s companions . Yet his lectures also veer into the topics of prototypical Salafist discourse. Beginning around 2004...Pakistan is Said to Pursue Role in U.S.- Afghan Talks,” New York Times, February 9, 2010. 22 Willi Germund, “Pakistan lässt Taliban- Chef mARCH 2010 . VoL...cite the precedent of the famous commander and companion of the Prophet Muhammad, Khalid bin 22 Abid Mehsud, July 2008. 23 Ishaq Mehsud, June

Al Sahawa - The Awakening. Volume 4: Al Anbar Province, Area of Operations Topeka, Ramadi

Science.gov (United States)

2016-08-01

simultaneously and he had our message resonating out, including music , popular music , we had video of people dancing in the streets to the music ; it was...As Abd al-hakim Muhammad Rashid, the mayor of Had- ithah indicated, “there was no popular militia to fight the sahawa” in Hadithah as there was in Al...secure the city from AQI led insurgent dominance, and 2) build Iraqi security forces, espe- cially police, along with a municipal structure and popular

Iraqi Perspectives Project. Primary Source Materials for Saddam and Terrorism: Emerging Insights from Captured Iraqi Documents. Volume 5 (Redacted)

Science.gov (United States)

2007-11-01

travel using a khaki Nissan Petrol that belonged to the al-’Amala corps 9 Badr; presently he travels using a vehicle that belongs to the Iranian...Mihdi [CL: translates the Guide] in North Africa, and his ideas dominated parts of Spain, Algeria, Tunisia , and Morocco for two centuries; he was...AI-Alusi emerged in Iraq, Al- Afghani in Afghanistan, Muhammad’Abbduh in Egypt, Jamal-ai-Din Al-Tunisi in Tunisia Sadiq Hasan Khan in Mubal, and

Jihadi Discourse in the Wake of the Arab Spring

Science.gov (United States)

2013-12-01

down But I can still use it to tan his skin like the hide of cattle they brand So that when, through a decisive blow, his time has come And from...nature of nationalism that divides people with artificial borders. In his second statement, also released during February 2011, ‘Atiyya adopts a...December 2010 the young vendor Muhammad Bouazizi, whose fruit and vegetable cart was arbitrarily confiscated by the police, set himself on fire outside his

Sufism in Northern Nigeria: Force for Counter-Radicalization?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-01

the promi- nent writer, jurisprudent, and preacher, Sheikh Abu - bakar Gummi. Born in the early 1920s, he first made a name for himself as a critic of...contemporary, religious and political. For al- though the Caliphate is now not what it used to be, it still has substance and its leaders, the Sultan ...priest—was the Sultan . Based in Sokoto, he claimed descent from the Prophet Muhammad, an assertion that, rhetorically at least, made both him and

Strategy White Paper: How to Regain our Strategic Footing

Science.gov (United States)

2009-06-01

www.firstthings.com/article.php3?id_article=6040, accessed 4 Feb 2009. 60 Muhammad Abul Quasem, Salvation of the Soul and Islamic Devotions (London: Kegan Paul...impulses and the bazaars, mixing mercantile interests with religious values…to give the system a fresh, thick coat of ‘Islamic green ’ paint.”178F179 The... green ” revivalist fundamentalism. - Saudi Arabia remains a theocratic police state governed by a corrupt House of Saud— perhaps one of the most

Etika Bisnis dalam Perspektif Islam

OpenAIRE

Nawatmi, Sri

2010-01-01

There is no ethic in business can make a destroy in a live. Because of that, many Businessman aware. Now, business ethic is a trend.The fact indicate that there is positif relation between perform and ethic. In Islam, business ethic explained in Al-Qur'an and Hadits. History about Nabi Muhammad saw said that Nabi is a successful businessman with Islamic ethic. Be based on the law in Islam, there are five principles in Islamic ethic.

Mechanism linking diabetes mellitus and obesity

OpenAIRE

Al-Goblan, Abdullah S; Al-Alfi, Mohammed A; Khan, Muhammad Z

2014-01-01

Abdullah S Al-Goblan,1 Mohammed A Al-Alfi,1 Muhammad Z Khan2 1Diabetes Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Buraidah, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Sulaiman AlRajhi Colleges, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract: Body mass index has a strong relationship to diabetes and insulin resistance. In obese individuals, the amount of nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, cytokines, proinflammatory markers, and other substances that are involved in the development of insulin...

Social Entrepreneurship im etablierten Wohlfahrtsstaat : Aktuelle empirische Befunde zu neuen und alten Akteuren auf dem Wohlfahrtsmarkt

OpenAIRE

Heinze, Rolf G.; Schönauer, Anna-Lena; Schneiders, Katrin; Grohs, Stephan; Ruddat, Claudia

2013-01-01

Im internationalen Vergleich hat sich die wissenschaftliche Diskussion um die gesellschaftliche Relevanz des Phänomens „Social Entrepreneurship“ (SE) in Deutschland relativ spät entwickelt. In Asien wurde die Debatte insbesondere durch die von Muhammad Yunus 1983 gegründete Grameen Bank angestoßen und spätestens seit der Auszeichnung Yunus‘ mit dem Friedensnobelpreis wird SE in vielen Nationen zunehmend als Chance wahrgenommen, soziale Missstände effektiv und nachhaltig zu bekämpfen....

Maroko po "Rewolucji". Kierunki przemian społeczno-politycznych

OpenAIRE

Brataniec, Katarzyna; Zamojska, Aleksandra

2012-01-01

Artykuł recenzowany / Peer-reviewed article With few exceptions the Arab world has made a big progress toward political liberalization in the recent two years. Morocco could be a model to follow for other countries if it sustains current direction of political change. The King Muhammad VI decided to lead important reforms: amendment to the Constitution, separation of the structures of power and independence of the judiciary. In this way, the situation has not led to signifiant outburst of ...

Microcredit and Poverty Alleviation: The Grameen Bank in Focus

OpenAIRE

Tazul Islam

2008-01-01

The Nobel Peace Prize to Professor Dr Muhammad Yunus and the concept of Grameen Bank (GB) has refreshed the public’s interest in GB and microfinance in general. Looking into the GB model of microfinance, this article argues that there is a need to take stock of the services currently being provided by microfinance institutions (MFIs) for poor clients. The microfinance industry has reached a critical stage in its development, with MFIs focusing on financial sustainability through their credit-...

Theory of Microcrediting in Transitional Economies

OpenAIRE

Nikola Kadoić; Matija Kopić

2009-01-01

In the early 1970s, Bangladeshi banker and economist Dr. Muhammad Yunus designed microcrediting – a socially sensitive and rightful system of fighting poverty and high unemployment rates. His Grameen Bank for the poorest of the poor in Bangladesh has so far lifted more than 3.2 million of individuals and their families out of poverty. After initial successes at home, microcredit was put into service for reducing unemployment and alleviating poverty in numerous countries th...

MICROFINANCE AND POOREST COUNTRIES

OpenAIRE

阿部, 清司

2004-01-01

The world is divided into developing and developed countries. There are two kinds of banks: conventional ones and unconventional. Commercial banks are usually based on mutual distrust, while new unconventional banks, microfinances, are based on mutual trust. The origin of micro finance is deeply rooted in Asia. In 1976, Grameen Bank in Bangladesh was founded by Dr. Muhammad Yunus. It reverses conventional banking practice by removing the need for collateral. It creates a banking system based ...

Abstracts from the 3rd International Genomic Medicine Conference (3rd IGMC 2015)

OpenAIRE

Shay, Jerry W.; Homma, Noriko; Zhou, Ruyun; Naseer, Muhammad Imran; Chaudhary, Adeel G.; Al-Qahtani, Mohammed; Hirokawa, Nobutaka; Goudarzi, Maryam; Fornace, Albert J.; Baeesa, Saleh; Hussain, Deema; Bangash, Mohammed; Alghamdi, Fahad; Schulten, Hans-Juergen; Carracedo, Angel

2016-01-01

Table of contents O1 Regulation of genes by telomere length over long distances Jerry W. Shay O2 The microtubule destabilizer KIF2A regulates the postnatal establishment of neuronal circuits in addition to prenatal cell survival, cell migration, and axon elongation, and its loss leading to malformation of cortical development and severe epilepsy Noriko Homma, Ruyun Zhou, Muhammad Imran Naseer, Adeel G. Chaudhary, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Nobutaka Hirokawa O3 Integration of metagenomics and metabo...

Abdulgaffar Qyrymi. Excerpt from “Umdet ul-Ahbar”. From the History of Crimean Khans »

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Nariman Seitametovich Seyityahya

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This publication contains a fragment about the history of Crimean khans from the historical work “Umdet al-Akhbar” written by a Crimean author Abdulgaffar Kyrymi. In particular, this publication contains a translation of the story about the descendants of Bash-Timur (Tash-Timur according to another version. In this story, Abdulgaffar Kyrymi thoroughly reveals the history of the descendants of Bash-Timur – Gyyaseddin and Devlet-Berdi. He also tells how Haji Giray, Devlet-Berdi’s son, became Khan. In addition, he provides information about khan Ulugh Muhammad, Bash-Timur’s cousin. The author provides us with a very interesting and supporting information in a separate addition to the margins of the manuscript. In particular, this addition contains a brief history of the Turkic tribes and inhabitants of Tataristan, birthplace of the Seljuks and Osman family from the Kayi clan. It also tells how the Ottomans took control of Crimea, examines in detail the reasons for this event, it speaks both about Mengli Giray’s education together with Ottoman princes and on the establishment of relations with Emenek-Bek Shirinsky, Chief Karachi of the Khanate. Then it tells about the rule of Muhammad Giray and his death in the war against the Nogays, about the reign of Saadet Giray, a son of Mengli Giray, during whose reign the uprising of Islam Giray took place.

PROPHETIC PARENTING SEBAGAI MODEL PENGASUHAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER (AKHLAK ANAK

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Yulia Hairina

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Children are an mandate from Allah to all parents. They must give them a good education in order to be good Muslims and they worship to Allah. Parents are the first teachers who have a responsibility in developing children’s psychology both of spiritual and physical needs. In this case, parents have main position in forming the children’s character. This era, there are children do many deviations more and more. It indicates that there is something lack in model of nurture by the parents. The model of nurture applied by parents to their children determines the children’s character. The model of nurture in characters building had taught by prophets. Allah had delegated all prophets to the world by giving a main mission that is the character building. Islam is present as a movement to complete the human’s character. Islam explains that a good education is the children’s right to their parents. The good education means here is an education based on the Quran and the purposes to build the Muslim personality, who totally allows to the God, by guidance had taught by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh. This writing is aimed at describing education method and concept in progressing character building for children, which had done Prophet Muhammad (pbuh and it will be related to Psychology.

وصف الحجاز فی رحلة الحج المغربیة

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Dr.Moussa Haissam

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Pilgrimage represents the trip of a lifetime and it is a key means of communication between different regions and throughout the Muslim world. Given the spiritual and sentimental importance, the supreme purpose of Hejaz trip is performance of the hajj and it is considered as a source of heritage ,historically, geographically and archaeological importance, from which the Moroccans expressed the close association which brought together both sides of the Islamic nation east and west, seeking through below it from within Notes workbooks trip , to transfer the circumstances of the trip to whom waiting for their return, they might die down the fire of passion longing in the hearts of their families when they return whom are dreaming to visit the House of God, and the tomb of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his mosque. This trip formed the encyclopedia included history, geography and heritage through the exact description of the places where the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his companions had the brunt of their feet, Thus this balance so crammed with books by most of the journey, which led the researchers to identify the capitals of the Hejaz and its land sprawling. Which worked on exploring it Through my article is marked by the project: Description of the Hejaz in the Moroccan pilgrimage.

An Architect Can Be a Da'i

OpenAIRE

Sarker, Kamal Uddin

2011-01-01

Islam is a religion with complete code of life where all functions of personal, social, national, and International are well defined with the holy Quran, Sunnah, Ijma', Qiyas and the lifestyle of Muhammad saw and his followers of that time. A Muslim can not but follow the rules and regulation of his life. Moreover, it is ever modern and modern so forth, only need to cautious in implementation the adaptability of invention of science. Architecture is a structure which has been carrying histor...

The Combating Terrorism Center at West Point: Radical Islamic Ideology in Southeast Asia

Science.gov (United States)

2009-01-01

debriefing by the US, Guantanamo Bay 2008 . According to Nasir Abas, a Malaysian JI member, when Abu Bakar Ba’asyir visited the DI camp in Torkham on the...teachings and writings of prominent clerics; there is no equivalent of an Abu Bakar Bashir or Hashim Selamat, to say nothing of a Abu Muhammad al...9 of JI, Abu Bakar Ba’asyir and Abdullah Sungkar, have connections with al-Qa’ida and sent a number of Indonesians and Malaysians to train in Afghan

CTC Sentinel. Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2010. The Facade of Allegiance: Bin Ladin’s Dubious Pledge to Mullah Omar

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

Jackal: The Search for Car- los, the World’s Most Wanted Man (New York: Random House, 1993). 10 Gerard Chaliand and Arnaud Blin, Histoire du terror...Qissat al-bay’at al-‘arabiya li-amir al- mu’minin Mullah Muhammad ‘Umar, undated, posted on various jihadist web forums on July 19-20, 2007. Thanks to...groups. It is a web of overlapping conspiracies, often piggy-backing on local conflicts and grievances. In many ways it is a transnational secret

Абу Бакр Каландар Каландар-наме. Глава 2. «Восхваление и благословение в отношении Мухаммада Мустафы»

OpenAIRE

ИСМАГИЛОВА МИЛЯУША; ШАГАВИЕВ ДАМИР АДГАМОВИЧ

2014-01-01

The present fragment contains the translated continuation of a medieval poetic text “Qalandar-name” written by the Crimean Sufi author Abu Bakr Qalandar. This fragment contains the second chapter devoted to praising (Salawat) the Prophet Muhammad, after which the poet will glorify his righteous caliphs (al-Khulafa al-rashidun). As it appears from the author’s praises, he was a follower of Sunni Islam and, at the same time, a representative of the Sufi order (tariqa). Titles and names that Abu...

Typology of Interpretive Narratives of the followers of the Companions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)

OpenAIRE

Fatemeh Shariati

2013-01-01

A large quantity of narratives in interpretation of the Holy Quran is related to the followers of the Companions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) s of companions of the Prophet Muhammad ( PBUH) .Investigating those narratives we see a kind of variation in His interpretations of the verses of the Holy Quran . Some narratives investigate the lexicology of the Holy Quran denotatively. They have also mentioned the reasons for the fall of the verses, the news of the nations and past events, the definiti...

Role of Salvadora persica chewing stick (miswak): A natural toothbrush for holistic oral health

OpenAIRE

Niazi, Fayez; Naseem, Mustafa; Khurshid, Zohaib; Zafar, Muhammad S.; Almas, Khalid

2016-01-01

From an ancient tool to a modern way of improving oral health, miswak (chewing stick) has proven to be an effective tool for oral health. The miswak removes the bacterial plaque by mechanical and chemical actions. It provides a cheap and easily accessible way of improving oral health of the individuals and populations. The use of miswak was promoted centuries ago by Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him). In the modern era, the beneficial role of using miswak such as antiseptic, antimicrobial, ...

أثر القرآن الكريم في أدب النصارى من أدباء المهجر (جبران خليل جبران، إيليا أبو ماضي، رشيد سليم الخوري)

OpenAIRE

Walid F.T Shehada; Tengku Ghani Tengku Jusoh; Maheram Ahmad

2012-01-01

Arabic literature influenced in the Holy Quran after coming to the prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, then poets and writers took from it, through the ages, term, meanings, images, and compositions. So, Renaissance literature calls for good values and Islamic authenticity. The study comes to show the impact of the Holy Quran as produced by the Christian of literary diaspora who have been affected by movements of renewal world –European and American – having emigrated to America and settled ...

RELEVANSI STRATEGI DAKWAH HIZBUT TAHRIR INDONESIA DENGAN STRATEGI DAKWAH NABI MUHAMMAD SAW

OpenAIRE

Khoerunnisa, Eunis

2017-01-01

Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia is a unique and phenomenal propaganda institution. For one decade (1998-2008) it has exercised a very intensive preaching, conception of Islam, enforcement of Syari’ah and the Khilafah ruling system. The purpose of this study is to determine the Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia thinking about: (1) the arguments used by Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia in preaching; (2) the purpose of the preaching of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia; (3) the method used in the propaganda activities of Hizbut Tah...

Paradigma Manusia dan Implikasinya terhadap Prinsip Belajar: Telaah Kajian Qur’ani

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Hadi Mutamam

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Man was created by God more perfect than others and being able to make man through education. Then the heart of the Prophet of Allah add skills over the talent he has. God made the means of communication among humans. Therefore, the substance that creates an inanimate object could be a tool to communicate. Surely no man made trouble for him (Muhammad can read and give an explanation and teaching, and his companions were developed and forwarded by the Ulul Albab, scholars and researchers.

The Ulama and the Al Saud: A Relationship Between Elites in Saudi Arabia

OpenAIRE

Permuy, Alexandra

2016-01-01

The origins of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia date back to the alliance forged between the AlSaud and the preacher Muhammad Ibn AbdulWahhab in the 18th century, and the subsequent establishment of the first Saudi state. Since then, the religious scholars, or ulama, have played an important role that is still vital to the continued survival of the Saudi regime’s credentials. However, that role has changed overtime. Historically, the AlSaud and the ulama were elites of equal standing, but oil reso...

Kekerasan Gender dalam Wacana Tafsir Keagamaan di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Islam

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Marzuki, Marzuki

2006-01-01

The primary problem in this research is how is the image of the discourse of gender violence in Islam, what factors causing gender violence in Muslims in Indonesia, and what effort can be taken to overcome the problem. The objective of this research, therefore, is to answer above problems. This is a content analysis research. The object of this research is the content of fiqh books showing gender violence, particularly in Uquud Al-Lujjain fi Bayani Hufuq written by Muhammad bin Umar Nawawi al...

By the beard of the Prophet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rytter, Mikkel

2016-01-01

This article discusses the significance of growing large beards among the young Danish Pakistani members of a newly established Naqshbandi Sufi brotherhood in Copenhagen, where the beard is not simply an imitation, but a reflection of the Prophet Muhammad. Exploring emic understandings of emulation...... are being acted upon; such a change in interpretation opens up for connections between this world and Elsewhere. The article further discusses how the beard is significant in the brotherhoods’ attempts at sacralization and world transformation based on nur (light) and love....

Translations on Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs No. 294

Science.gov (United States)

1977-04-13

surveillance over the activity of the smugglers. The investigations of Col Mahmud Fahmi and Lt Col ’Isam al-Tarsawi showed that the smuggler, Anwar Ibrahim...Mahmud Fahmi , It Col ’Isam al-Tarsawi, Lt Col Tariq Salim and It Col Muhammad Sha’rawi raided "the Jinn’s" house in ’Abidin and seized four large...Yesterday a car dealer and his associate were arraigned in court on charges of transporting 205 kg of hashish. The first accused was Reza

The Connotation of “HANEF” In the Qur'an lexicon

OpenAIRE

ALRAWASHDEH, Ziyad

2012-01-01

Abstract: Quran is the word of God revealed to the Prophet Muhammad(peace upon him) before one thousand and four hundred years, addressed to all mankind. To be able to understand the meanings of the Qur'an discourse, we must look into metaphorical, real and historical dimensionsof the Qur'an's word in depth, because of the great importance of the Qur'an's word in understanding the speech of divine revelation.To be able to understand the semantics and meanings of the Qur'an discourse,we must l...

The Dating and Authorship of the Poem Vita Mahumeti, Attributed to Embrico of Mainz

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Fernando González Muñoz

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to review the problems with the date of writing and the authorship of one of the first legendary accounts of the Prophet Muhammad written in Central Europe: the Vita Mahumeti, attributed to Embrico of Mainz. After presenting the available evidence and the conjectures of different scholars, a new hypothesis about the identity of the author is put forward, which at the same time enables us to clarify the dating of the work, its possible sources and meaning.

The “Father’s Sons”: The Elite of the Kazan Khanate in the Lithuanian Metrica

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V.V. Trepavlov

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Research objective: Analysis of the phrase otetskie deti (“father’s sons” in the Register Book of the Lithuanian metrics (Lithuanian Metrica as designations of the military service class of the Kazan khanate. Research materials: The 7th Register Book of the Lithuanian Metrica, Russian chronicles, the chronicles of Kïrïmi and Ötemish-Hajji, the works of S. Herberstein, A. Kurbsky, Maciej of Miechów, Mahmud al-Kashgari, A. Olearius. Results and novelty of the research: The 7th Register Book of the Lithuanian Metrics contains a translation of a message from the Crimean khan, Muhammad Giray, to the Polish King and Lithuanian Grand Duke Sigizmund I. In this letter, there is a reiteration of the requests of the inhabitants of the Kazan Khanate addressed to Muhammad Giray to send them one of his relatives to reign over them. The Kazanians wrote that they had twenty thousand otetskie deti (“father’s sons” and countless Mordovians and Cheremisses, all of whom were ready to submit (to be “slaves” to the ruler of the Crimea. The author of the article seeks the meaning of this term and looks for a putative Turkic equivalent to the exp­ression otetskie deti as well as the reasons for the presence of the Mordovians and Cheremisses in this document. The word “otetskii” (paternal had a wide range of usages in the Russian language of the 16th century – in the State of Muscovy and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. One of its meanings was “belonging to an ancient, noble family”. The instances quoted by the author show a socio-cultural universality, which combined paternity, noble origin and elite status in a single notion. The author hypothesizes that the phrase “otetskie deti” in the Russian translation could replace the concept of “Tatars” in its social meaning, as a symbol of the military strata of the population of the Kazan khanate. Mention of the Mordovians and the Cheremisses in the Kazan message reflected the positive

New Silver Plated Coins of the Golden Horde Period Discovered in the Kurgan Region

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Maslyuzhenko Denis N.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The article considers the issue of the existence of monetary circulation in the southern part of Western Siberia in the Golden Horde period. In order to address the issue, the authors introduced into scientific discourse the numismatic material discovered in the Kurgan region by local residents in 2010–2016. It consisted of dangas which represented the primary means of payment in the Juchid state. A conclusion was made concerning the pulsating activity of monetary circulation in the region during the period in question. The first peak of activity occurred during the rule of Uzbek and Janibek. It was accounted for by the political and economic stability in the Horde during the reign of the leaders. The second peak took place in the second half of 14th century, which was determined on the basis of coins minted by khan Muhammad who reigned in the period of the Mamai Horde, discovered in the region. According to the authors, it was due to the preservation of economic relations which did not terminate as a result of the Great Troubles. The latest coins in the studied compilation were issues during the reign of Ulugh Muhammad and Dawlat Berdi. It should be noted that the dang minted by the last of the aforesaid khans was punctured. The authors suggest that this coin became an element of a pendant, which reflects the demonetization process observed as early as in 15th century.

Sleep from an Islamic perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Bahammam, Ahmed S

2011-10-01

Sleep medicine is a relatively new scientific specialty. Sleep is an important topic in Islamic literature, and the Quran and Hadith discuss types of sleep, the importance of sleep, and good sleep practices. Islam considers sleep as one of the signs of the greatness of Allνh (God) and encourages followers to explore this important sign. The Quran describes different types of sleep, and these correspond with sleep stages identified by modern science. The Quran discusses the beneficial effects of sleep and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a pattern of light and darkness. A mid-day nap is an important practice for Muslims, and the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him (pbuh) promoted naps as beneficial. In accordance with the practice and instructions of Muhammad (pbuh), Muslims have certain sleep habits and these sleep habits correspond to some of the sleep hygiene rules identified by modern science. Details during sleep include sleep position, like encouraging sleep on the right side and discouraging sleep in the prone position. Dream interpretation is an established science in the Islamic literature and Islamic scholars have made significant contributions to theories of dream interpretation. We suggest that sleep scientists examine religious literature in general and Islamic literature in particular, to understand the views, behaviors, and practices of ancient people about the sleep and sleep disorders. Such studies may help to answer some unresolved questions in sleep science or lead to new areas of inquiry.

MEMBENTUK LINGKUNGAN PENDIDIKAN YANG ISLAMI

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Wartono *

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Islam adalah agama yang sempurna. Kesempurnaan Islam meliputi seluruh aspek-aspek kehidupan. Mulai dari pen-ciptaan manusia, proses terjadinya manusia, tujuan penciptaan manusia, bahan baku manusia, penciptaan langit dan bumi, penciptaan jin, lingkungan hidup, ekonomi, politik, sejarah, angkatan bersenjata, pendidikan dan lain-lain. Bertolak dari kesempurnaan Islam sebagaimana tersebut di atas, maka sudah semesinya setiap muslim menjadikan Islam sebagai rujukan setiap persoalan yang dihadapinya. Hanya kembali kepada Islamlah manusia akan mendapatkan keselamatan,  kebaikan, kedamaian, kebahagiaan keuntungan dunia dan akhirat. Dengan Islamlah manusia dapat membentuk lingkungan pedidikannya dengan baik. Sebab Islam senantiasa memberi perhatian yang sangat serius dan utama  terhadap lingkungan  pendidikan yang islami. Manusi tidak akan menjadi hamba yang taat kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya jika tidak dididik berdasarkan Islam. Tidak ada konsep dan teori di luar Isalam yang mampu memberikan kontribusi secara integral terhadap pendidikan manusia seutuhnya,sehingga manusia  menajdi orang yang beriman. Yang paling tahu tentang manusia bukanlah manusi itu sendiri, akan tetapi yang menciptakan manusia yaitu Allah . Allah Ta’ala memilih Muhammad seorang Rasul dengan tujuan agar beliau menyampaikan risalah-Nya. Risalah yang dibawa oleh Nabi itu berisi nilai-nilai yang sangat tinggi sehingga dapat mengangkat derajat manusia dan martabat pada tingkat yang tinggi.Jika manusia mau menjalankan risalah yang dibawa oleh Muhammad secara benar, maka mereka akan mendapatkan predikat mu’min dan pada gilirannya orang-orang mu’min itu akan ditempatkan di dalam surga.

Pemikiran Politik al-Shawkânî dalam Fath al-Qadîr

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Yusuf Hanafi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Muhammad b. ‘Alî Muhammad b. ‘Abd Allâh al-Shawkânî al-San‘ânî. He was born in the Hijrah in Shawkân village, Yemen on Monday 28 Dhû al-Qa‘dah 1172 H and died on Tuesday, 27 Jumâd al-Akhîr 1250 H at the age about 78 years. Al-Shawkânî grew up in the San‘a city, it is the capital of the republic of Yemen now. He study first time about religion from his father, then from renowed scholars in San‘a and its surrounding, he was known as a scolar who mastered the various branches of religious sciences. Such as tafsîr, h}adîth, fiqh, us}ûl al-fiqh, history, science of kalâm, philosophy, balâghah, mant}iq etc. the main issue in this article is how political thought in the book of tafsir Fath al-Qadîr is the work of Shawkânî. At the end of article, the authors found that the intended political thinking in the study of Fath al-Qadîr is about constitutional ideas. These ideas about the constitution is limited to the concept of leadership and deliberation, the concept of the right of citizen to obtain justice, and the concept pf the right of citizens to live association and assembly

Sleep from an islamic perspective

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Ahmed S BaHammam

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Sleep medicine is a relatively new scientific specialty. Sleep is an important topic in Islamic literature, and the Quran and Hadith discuss types of sleep, the importance of sleep, and good sleep practices. Islam considers sleep as one of the signs of the greatness of Allβh (God and encourages followers to explore this important sign. The Quran describes different types of sleep, and these correspond with sleep stages identified by modern science. The Quran discusses the beneficial effects of sleep and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a pattern of light and darkness. A mid-day nap is an important practice for Muslims, and the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him (pbuh promoted naps as beneficial. In accordance with the practice and instructions of Muhammad (pbuh, Muslims have certain sleep habits and these sleep habits correspond to some of the sleep hygiene rules identified by modern science. Details during sleep include sleep position, like encouraging sleep on the right side and discouraging sleep in the prone position. Dream interpretation is an established science in the Islamic literature and Islamic scholars have made significant contributions to theories of dream interpretation. We suggest that sleep scientists examine religious literature in general and Islamic literature in particular, to understand the views, behaviors, and practices of ancient people about the sleep and sleep disorders. Such studies may help to answer some unresolved questions in sleep science or lead to new areas of inquiry.

The Annoying Difference

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hervik, Peter

The Muhammad cartoon crisis of 2005−2006 in Denmark caught the world by surprise as the growing hostilities toward Muslims had not been widely noticed. Through the methodologies of media anthropology, cultural studies, and communication studies, this book brings together more than thirteen years...... of research on three significant historical media events in order to show the drastic changes and emerging fissures in Danish society and to expose the politicization of Danish news journalism, which has consequences for the political representation and everyday lives of ethnic minorities in Denmark...

Diagnostic challenges leading to underdiagnosis of dissociative disorders

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Aadil M

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Aadil,1 Maria Shoaib2 1Department of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; 2Department of medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, PakistanWe read the article “Is the Dissociative Experiences Scale able to identify detachment and compartmentalization symptoms? Factor structure of the Dissociative Experiences Scale in a large sample of psychiatric and nonpsychiatric subjects” by Mazzotti et al with great interest and would like to add our views in its support.1View the original paper by Mazzotti and colleagues.

Tradisi Maulid Nabi di Kalangan Masyarakat Pesantren

OpenAIRE

Thoha Hamim

2016-01-01

The Maulid Mawlid Festival of the Prophet Muhammad is one of the Islamic popular events mostly held in pesantren. It launches almost in every territory of Islamic world, after popularized by abu Abû said Sa‘îd al-kakburi Kakburî (1250-1260). Historically, it was a heritage initially acknowledged by the Dinasty of Fât}}imîyah (909-1171 M). At the beginning, the Dinasty dynasty used the Maulid Mawlîd Festival to gain a fancy of Moslems to support their authority of Islamic leadership. It used t...

Network innovation through OpenFlow and SDN principles and design

CERN Document Server

Hu, Fei

2014-01-01

FUNDAMENTALSSDN /OpenFlow: Concepts and Applications; Ashley Gerrity and Fei HuAn OpenFlow Network Design Cycle; Pedro A. Aranda Gutiřrez and Diego R. LopezDESIGNIP Source Address Validation Solution with OpenFlow Extension and OpenRouter; Jun BiLanguage and Programming in SDN /OpenFlow; Muhammad Farooq and Fei HuControl and Management Software for SDNs; Natalia Castro Fernandes and Luiz Claudio Schara MagalhêsController Architecture and Performance in Software-Defined Networks; Ting Zhang and Fei HuMobile Applications on Global Clouds Using OpenFlow and Software-Defined Networking; Subharth

Tra locale e globale. Sostenibilità ed empowerment nelle retoriche delle esperienze di microcredito

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Giovanna Guerzoni

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Yunus (Nobel Peace Prize 2006 success in Bangladesh, has made microcredit a globally widespread practice. Since the early nineties, microcredit has been adopted by international development organizations as the privileged strategy not only in the struggle against poverty, but also in the promotion of women’s empowerment. The paper critically explores the rhetoric  underpinning the discourse on microcredit, sustainability and the impact on local communities of microfinance programs. Special attention is devoted to the case studies concerning the relationship between access to credit by women and empowerment processes.

Depictions Of The Advice And Guidance Themes As Illustrated Within The Islamic Manuscripts

OpenAIRE

Mohamed YONIS

2015-01-01

Islamic painting is one of the most important issues of Islamic art; it gives us a different and much fuller picture of the daily life as it was lived in time and space, from that presented by the other sources. Thus, advice and guidance are important parts of the ethics in Islam, that the Prophet Muhammad –Sala Allah-u alih wa salam– advised all Muslims to advise each other. According to these doctrines, the Muslim artists recorded their imaginations in the paintings which used as a method o...

Estudio de factibilidad para la implementación de un call center operado por madres cabeza de familia

OpenAIRE

Estrada Ocampo, Carolina Maria; Quintero, Alexander

2013-01-01

El "Estudio de factibilidad para la implementación de un Call Center operado por Madres Cabeza de Familia", analiza las oportunidades tecnológicas, legales y económicas que existen actualmente para el desarrollo de este tipo de soluciones, con la característica de proponer una empresa de tipo social (como las propuestas por Muhammad Yunus en Empresas para todos), en la que la operación sea desarrollada por Madres Cabeza de Familia, uno de los grupos más vulnerables en la actual población de P...

MAKNA JIHAD DALAM KERANGKA DAKWAH

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Riza Pahlevi

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Mission at its core meaning is invited to persuasive. Prophet Muhammad as a treatise da'wah carrier has no authority to compel. Reality in the community with a call attempt is often not negligible. When you arrive at the implementation level, should the missionary do with violence in the name of jihad? Or what exactly is the meaning of jihad in the context of propaganda. That is why this paper is derived as a reflection and an attempt to explain how the actual context of jihad and da'wah.

Al-Qāḍī al-Nu‘mān b. Muḥammad al-Maghribī (m. 363/974. Risālat Dhāt al-Bayān fī l-Radd ‘alā Ibn Qutayba or «The eloquent clarification for the refutation of Ibn Qutayba» (II

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Hakim, Avraham

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Al-Qādī al-Nu,mān b. Muhammad was the most outstanding and prolific Fātimī scholar and the founder of Ismā,īlī jurisprudence. In his epistle “The eloquent clarification for the refutation of Ibn Qutayba”, still in manuscript, al-Nu,mān engaged in a heated atttack on Ibn Qutayba, who had lived a century earlier. The epistle was probably composed in the time of al-Mu´izz at the request of an anonymous tutor of the caliph’s sons. Al-Nu´mān’s purpose was to refute Ibn Qutayba’s assertion in the introduction to his famous Adab al-Kātib, acording to which it was enough for the kuttāb, the civil servants of the state, to memorize a number of simple legal formulas in order to perform their duties, without the need to learn the lengthy dissertations of the fuqahā’ or doctors of law. Al-Qādī al-Nu´mān, who was himself a famous faqīh, dedicates his epistle to proving that in fact without these long dissertations the law could not be properly applied. He refers to each legal formula mentioned by his oponent in Adab al-Kātib and shows how applications of the law should be based on the authority of the Imāms of the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of the Prophet Muhammad. At the same time he refutes various Sunnite legal perspectives on these same issues.

Al-Qādī al-Nu´mān b. Muhammad es el más destacado y prolífico de los estudiosos fatimíes y el fundador de la jurisprudencia ismā´īlí. En su epístola “La clarificación elocuente para la refutación de Ibn Qutayba”, todavía en manuscrito, al-Nu,mān se lanza a una polémica en contra de Ibn Qutayba, que había vivido un siglo antes. Es probable que la epístola fuera escrita en la época de al- Mu´izz a petición de un tutor anónimo de los hijos del califa. En ella, al-Nu´mān se propone refutar la afirmación de Ibn Qutaybba, incluida en la introducción de su famosa obra Adab al-Kātib, según la cual era

The Shadow of Muhammad: Developing a Charismatic Leadership Model for the Islamic World

Science.gov (United States)

2002-06-01

leadership and specific “type” of leader in the Islamic world. It is a work of synthesis in which a theory about one form of successful Islamic...DEVELOPING A CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP MODEL FOR THE ISLAMIC WORLD by Edward W. Kostrzebski June 2002 Thesis Advisor: Anna Simons...Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1

Jihâd dalam Pandangan Muhammad ‘Abd al-Salâm Faraj

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Abdul Muis Naharong

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Jihâd is one of the Islamic teachings which has been extensively discussed since the last few decades due to the increasing acts of violence perpetrated by some Muslims. This article tries to join this discussion by presenting Muh ammad ‘Abd al-Salâm Faraj’s concept of jihâd and his ideas of Islamic state and Caliphate by referring to his al-Farîd ah al-Ghâ’ibah (the Neglected Duty. We argue that Faraj’s basic perception of the Egyptian politics and society at the time shaped his whole concept of state and Caliphate. We hence contend that his proposal of jihâd is born out of his disappointment of the Egyptian government and even society as far as applying Islamic law is concerned. He uncompromisingly believed that the government and society are hypocrite and apostate for distancing themselves from the divine law of God. This belief prompted four members of Jihâd Organization to which Faraj belongs, to assassinate President Sadat in October 1981. By jihad, Faraj means fighting and confrontation against enemies even through bloodshed. And by enemies he means anyone who is not willing to apply God’s law on earth. The most controversial idea that Faraj has tried to pose is that jihâd is considered to the sixth pillar of Islam, which has to be carried out by each and every member of Muslim ummah.

Compatibility of Education and Training in the Light of The Seerah of the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him

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Dr. Khadija Aziz

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Humankind has been granted a special status due to its being vicegerent of Allah on earth for he has been entrusted with the responsibility to keep order in the world according to the directives of its Creator. Humans are guided by Prophets in history. Some of these Prophets have got greater value, sphere and depth of influence on humanity due to different factors. Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him is the last Prophet of Allah, for the eternity and whole humanity. After him, Islam is completed for all times to come. Islam is a complete code of life; education and training constituting its crux. Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him was greatly concerned and cognizant of education and training of his followers which is evident from multifarious events of his life. Major emphasis was laid on training coupled with education and both are, thus, inevitably interlocked with each other. It is clear that education was considered an assimilation of knowledge and training was taken as its reflection in daily life. The verses of the Holy Quran and sayings of the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him bear a perfect testimony to this aspect of foremost significance. The earlier people in the fold of Islam were much concerned about training and nurturing, hence they avoided mere memorization of facts. The present paper is an attempt to discover the compatibility between education and training in the light of the paradigm of secret of the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him of Islam.

Developing an Independence State: Some Insights from Qalam Publication

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Norziati Mohd Rosman

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This article is to identify a few concepts on independence and proposed a necessary approach in developing an identity of the country by analysing articles written in Qalam periodicals by three figures, Edrus, Dr Burhanuddin al-Helmy and Muhammad Isa Anshary. Qalam is a socio-politics periodical in Jawi script published in Singapore in 1950 until 1969. By analysing the writings, it is believed that proclamation of Indonesian independence in 1945 inspired to the development of Malaysia as a sovereign country and influenced readers in Malaya, Singapore and Brunei in which their countries were still struggling for independence.

Iqbal and Malay World

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Muhammad ʿUthman EI-Muhammady

2002-12-01

Full Text Available ‘Allāmah Dr. Muhammad Iqbal has attracted the attention of the Malay World as well as the Muslims in Southeast Asia. His prose works like The Reconstruction and his poetic compositions like Asrar-i-Khudi, Shikwah wa Jawab-i-Shikwah and others have been read and translated into Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia. Most Indonesian and Malay front ranking leaders were influenced by his ideal of serving the cause of the Ummah. They used Iqbal's argument to mobilize the Muslims for reforms of their respective societies in particular in Malaysia and Indonesia.

Chronologie politique du Yémen. 2002

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Stéphane Levaux

2002-04-01

Full Text Available photo © François Burgat Politique Intérieure Janvier-février 06 janvier : Dix chefs tribaux des provinces de Ma'rib, de Shabwa et du Jawf, provinces dont l'importance politique va croissant en raison des tensions sécuritaires, affirment leur soutien au Président `Alî `Abd Allâh /Sâli/h dans sa campagne antiterroriste. 14 janvier : L'ambassade américaine reçoit des menaces et ferme son service consulaire. 15 janvier : Amnistie et retour d'exil de Sâlim /Sâli/h Mu/hammad, ancien dirig...

Microcrédito em Moçambique: o «case-study» do Novo Banco

OpenAIRE

Coutinho, Alexandre

2014-01-01

Criado no final dos anos 70, o conceito de microcrédito nasceu no Bangladeche com Muhammad Yunus e o Grameen Bank – o «banco da aldeia», em Bangla –, pioneiros na fundação de um sistema bancário baseado no mutualismo, na confiança, participação e criatividade, concedendo empréstimos aos mais pobres dos pobres, especialmente, às mulheres. O «pai» do microcrédito afirma com frequência: «É minha convicção que todos os seres humanos são potenciais empreendedores. Todos temos uma...

PEMAHAMAN HADIS TENTANG OPTIMISME

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Siti Hatifah

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Understanding of hadith (fiqh al-hadith is a process of understanding that comes from the hadith of Prophet Muhammad and studies which explores and comprehends the teachings contained in the hadith of the Prophet to be applied. One of the faithful’ characteristics is to have an optimistic attitude. Without having an optimistic attitude, someone will destroy himself. For example, he is easily stress, sad, disappointed, depression, and even suicide. Therefore, an optimistic attitude is very important thing, because optimism is the belief of everything in terms of good and fun, it always has positive thinking and has high expectations.

AJARAN TAREKAT SYEKH AHMAD AT-TIJANI : ANALISIS TUJUAN DAKWAH

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Choiriyah Choiriyah

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Congregation (tarekat  is an institution that was born as a medium for the servant of God who wants to achieve closeness with Allah and His Messenger, as well as Tijaniyyah. In Tijaniyyah to achieve these objectives Sheikh Ahmad at-Tijani as founder Tijaniyyah teach three forms of remembrance, the remembrance lazimah, Hailalah and wadzifah. Dakwah material contained in remembrance remembrance is to invite people to a certain character to God to ask for forgiveness istighfar repent to Allah SWT. Invite to reproduce read Sholawat to the Prophet Muhammad and materials related to faithful of some one.

Penyelesaian Sengketa Perjanjian Syariah pada Lembaga Keuangan Syariah

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Maskufa Maskufa

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Dispute settlement in Islamic tradition has been carried out since the era of Prophet Muhammad SAW. This is done through the courts (litigation and through shulh, fatwa, mazhalim, and hisbah, known as non-litigation. The form of muamalah dispute settlement especially applicable nowadays is almost the same as those prevailing at the time of the Prophet. Litigation through the judicial institutions and non-litigation settlement called as alternative dispute resolution (ADR is known by the term shulh in fiqh, while the path through arbitration is knows in fiqh as tahkimDOI: 10.15408/aiq.v5i1.2113

PEMIKIRAN SYED MUHAMMAD NAQUIB AL-ATTAS TENTANG ISLAMISASI BAHASA SEBAGAI LANGKAH AWAL ISLAMISASI SAINS

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A. Khudori Soleh

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Naguib’s Islamization of science is a response to negative impacts of modern science progress (the West which according to him is not based on Islamic world view. This has an impact on epistemological aspects, so that it can not be used as a method of scientific development in Islamic science. Therefore, there should be reformation of ontology and epistemology to get harmony and usefullness for the development of Islamic sciences. According to Naguib, world view of Islam is monotheism, unity, integration between psyche and physical, spiritual and material, even the spiritual aspect is more important. Based on this, the source of knowledge is not just the material of objects but the meaning of the object, so that knowledge does not fall on positivistic, materialistic and empiric. The method of achieving knowledge is done through the power of observation, rational thought, interpretations of revelation and intuition. The methods are not contradictory but complementary. As the first step of Islamization of science, which change the aspect of metaphysics (world view and epistemology, according to Naguib, can be started by Islamization of language

Bingkai Politik Islam Dalam Perspektif Abdul Rashid Moten Suatu Upaya Membentuk Ummah

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Hendra Lesmana

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Islam and Politics are like two currencies in a sense interconnected and inseparable from one another. Speaking of politics in Islam cannot be separated from the figure of the Prophet Muhammad especially related to his hijrah from Makkah to Yathrib (Medina which is a new chapter in his leadership relay as prophet and apostle as well as a reliable political leader. He has a very strategic role as a highly respected negotiator among Medina society at that time. This is evidenced by the Medina Charter. The birth of the Medina Charter became a point of reference for the arrangement of inter-religious relations in Medina to live peacefully so that it can become a model in building inter-religious and inter-religious relations. This shows a historical fact that the religious-political values propagated by the prophet resulted in a success in bringing human civilization to a holistic-integralistic civilization. At first, Islam propagated by the Prophet Muhammad in the midst of the struggle of Arab society is a representation of the existence of a dialectic between revelation and the accompanying reality in Arab socio-cultural realm so that Islam plays a very urgent role as agent of change for growth and development Even the progress of Arab civilization at that time. In this paper will discuss the thoughts of Abdul Rashid Moten who seeks to build the ummah with the legality of the leader and his capacity as a khilafah raised by the people or people's consensus. This is closely related to Islamic politics in his view that the caliph is the key word of the Islamic political order.

Fighting Rage with Fear: The “Faces of Muhammad” and the Limits of Secular Rationality

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Shirin S. Deylami

2018-03-01

Full Text Available In recent years, a number of incidents have pitted Islam against secularism and liberal democracy. This essay examines the Danish publication of the Prophet Muhammad cartoons in order to examine the deployment of rationality as a litmus test for political membership. It argues that Western media and political analysis of the protests surrounding the cartoons constructed Muslims as anti-rational and thus unfit for democratic citizenship. Such a deployment of rationality inhibits the possibility of and demands for political pluralism. The essay then looks to two disparate theorists of affective reason, Abdulkarim Soroush and William Connolly, to offer an alternative model of reason that encourages pluralist political engagement.

Who persists in his glances makes his affliction last. Ontology on Love in Islam through Ibn Dâwűd of Ispahan’s Kitâb al-Zahra

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Jorge Pascual Asensi

2009-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to bring into light the translation and commentary of the first chapter of Ibn Dâwűd of Ispahan’s (d. 909 Kitâb al-Zahra, a lyrical collection and speculation about the concept of love in Bagdadian Neoplatonic thought. This text is an adaptation of Aristotelian and Platonic theories on love to the Islamic tradition, which is based on the Arab poetic tradition and the moral precepts attributed to Muhammad. It deals –from an ontological perspective– with the contemplation of beauty as an object of sensual affection, which is the origin of the ailment of love.

STUDI ISLAM TENTANG AKHLAK KONSELOR

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Rosniati Hakim

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Among the main characteristics of good Muslims, based on the Quran, is good behavior or conduct (akhlaq.  It is a basic Islamic teaching that must be understood, internalized, and practiced in daily lives either personally or in society. It is said that akhlaq is like an endless sea.  It cannot be separated with the other dimensions; it is in accord with thoughts, action and words, between commanding and keeping away of something.  A Muslim counselor has to have Islamic conduct as reflected in God’s characters, as well as character and conducts of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him.

MEMBANGUN KOMUNIKASI INTIM PASANGAN MUSLIM NIKAH MUDA DALAM PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN DAN AGAMA

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Yunita Sari

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Marriage in young people becomes popular among moslem in Indonesian. Unfortunately, the statistic of divorce is also increases every year. Divorce much happen among couples at the first five years of marriage. Communication is the major cause of the divorce. Developmental Psychology approach assumes that couple can built healthy communication with full of affection through confirmation, self disclosure and sexual communication. Furthermore, Islam suggests the moslem  to take Rasulullah (prophet Muhammad Saw. as their model in the ways of his communication among his family members. The two perspectives can be developed as intervention technique to reduce the statistic of divorce in Indonesia. 

Therapeutic deep brain stimulation worsening dysprosody in Parkinson’s disease – an unexplored entity

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Shoaib M

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Maria Shoaib,1 Muhammad Taimoor Khan2 1Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan; 2Department of Neurology, Charleston Area Medical Center/West Virginia University, Charleston, WV, USA  We read this article, “Altered emotional recognition and expression in patients with Parkinson’s disease” by Jin et al1 with great interest and appreciate the novel information provided on altered emotional processing in pre-deep brain stimulation (DBS Parkinson’s disease (PD patients and we would like to add our feedback on the role of DBS on nonmotor and emotional components of PD.View the original paper by Jin and colleagues. 

The hair of the Prophet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rytter, Mikkel

2017-01-01

This paper explore the politics of (in)visibility in Islam by discussing the affective presence and agency of relics - in this case a single hair of the Prophet Muhammad. The relic is obviously not the Prophet, but it is also not-not the Prophet, as the hair is filled with the baraka (blessings......) of the Prophet and thereby seems to confirm Sir James Frazer’s thesis of ‘sympathetic magic’ where part and wholes are forever connected. Based on a study of the Naqshbandi Mujaddidi Saifi tariqa, this paper set out to ‘follow the hair’ in different settings in Denmark, Norway and Pakistan in order to discuss...

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERJANJIAN SYARIAH PADA LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH

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Maskufa Maskufa

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Dispute settlement in Islamic tradition has been carried out since the era of Prophet Muhammad Saw. This is done through the  courts (litigation and through shulh, fatwâ, mazhâlim, and hisbah, known as nonlitigation. The form of mu‘âmalah dispute settlement especially applicable nowadays is almost the same as those  prevailing at the time of the Prophet. Litigation through the judicial institutions and non litigation settlement called as alternative  dispute resolution (ADR is known by the term shulh in fiqh, while the path through arbitration is known in fiqh as tahkîmDOI: 10.15408/aiq.v5i1.2559

MENYOAL KESENJANGAN ANTARA DAS SOLLEN ISLAM DENGAN DAS SEIN PRAKSIS KEHIDUPAN KAUM MUSLIMIN

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Yusuf Suyono

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract:This paper embarks from the question why the valuable Islamic ethics cannot be ethos grounded in the nation-state Muslim majority country-including in Indonesia? Phenomena such as the majlis taklim, majlis dhikr, interest pilgrimage exceeds the quota, the Islamic banking activity is equally excited, is real. However, it is not enough. Muslims should master the science, economics, and the strategic role of national politics. Islamic ethics is Dassollen, the Muslims condition is DasSein. ProphetMuḥammad has abled to unite Das sein andDassollenin his life, because Islam hasbecomehis bloodso that he is a mirror and store front of Islampar excellence. Muslims, as his follower, not been able todo like him. Al-Amir ArsalanSyākib, Muḥammad ‘Abduh, MohammadIqbal, Muḥammadal-Ghazālī, Ḥassan Ḥanafihavetried to formulatehow tobridge the gapbetween Das sollenandDasSein forMuslims. Theyhave adeep concern about thewide gapbetweenDasSeinpraxis in life of Muslims with DassollenIslamicteachings in slogan ya’lu walā yu’la ‘alaih. Whileatthe same timetheyseehowthe berufethos of Calvinismcouldencouragethe ethos ofmoderncapitalismto its adherentsin Western Europe, a Zen Buddhistethoscouldpushthe Japaneseintothe Asiantigers, andspirit Confucius encouragethe Korean peopleintothe Asiandragon. Abstrak:Tulisan ini berangkat dari pertanyaan mengapa etika Islam yang adiluhung itu tidak bisa membumi menjadi etos bangsa di negara-negara yang mayoritas penduduknya Muslim–termasuk di Indonesia. Fenomena seperti majlis taklim, majlis zikir, minat menunaikan ibadah haji melebihi kuota, aktivitas perbankan syariah tak kalah bersemangat, adalah nyata. Namun, itu tidak cukup. Umat Islam seharusnya lebih dari itu dalam penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan, ekonomi, dan peran strategis politik kebangsaan. Etika Islam itulah Das Sollen, keadaan kaum Muslimin itulah Das Sein. Muhammad Rasulullah telah mampu menyatukan Das Sein dan Das Sollen dalam hidupnya. Hal

A learning skills course for the 1st year medical students: an experience at a Saudi medical school

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Siddiqui IA

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Imran A Siddiqui,1 Khalid A Bin Abdulrahman,2 Mohammed A Alsultan3 1Department of Medical Education and Postgraduate Studies, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Background: Every year nearly 1,500 students enter into medical program after passing high school and national aptitude exams. However, many students experience frustration, failure, and psychological morbidities like stress, depression, and anxiety because they are not aware of their learning styles or do not have effective learning skills and strategies. The College of Medicine of Al-Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University has adopted the outcome based, community oriented, Spiral Curriculum. Although the curriculum is innovative, on the other hand, it is very demanding. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to share educational structure and evaluation results of the course on effective learning and study skills for the 1st year medical students. Methods: To prepare our students in order to cope with this demanding but promising curriculum, we conducted an effective and comprehensive learning skills course for 16 weeks in the first semester of year 1 in the medical program. Performance of each student was assessed and the course evaluation was done by students at the end of the course. Results: The attendance of the students throughout the course was over 90%. The average performance of students in the summative assessment was 78% and the course was generally liked by the students. Discussion: Students overall had a positive attitude toward the learning skills course. Majority of the students showed interest in attending the sessions regularly and realized the significance of this course to improve their learning skills. Keywords: medical students, learning

PENDEKATAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP JIHAD DAN TERORISME

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Lukman Arake

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract:   There is a presumption of some circles of non-Muslims that Muslims are the spreader of terrors and terrorism throughout the world through the implementation of the concept of jihād. This assumption seemed to be justified the emerging terrorism cases involving Muslim actors, such as suicide bombings. This paper aims to clarify the issue by critically scrutinizing the true meaning of jihād rooted both in the holy book the al-Qur’an and sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. Socio-historical approach is applied to better understand the holistic context of the meaning of jihād concept in both sources of Islamic teachings. The author concludes that the presumption is a misconception resulting from ignorance of certain parties about the true meaning of jihād in Islam. There is also a possibility that the misunderstanding is intentional, because the motives of abusing the dignity of Islamic teachings, especially about jihād.  Abstrak:  Pada sebagian kalangan non-muslim terdapat anggapan bahwa orang Islam adalah penyebar teror dan terorisme di seluruh dunia melalui implementasi konsep jihād. Anggapan itu seolah mendapatkan pembenaran dengan munculnya kasus-kasus terorisme yang melibatkan pelaku-pelaku muslim, seperti bom bunuh diri. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengklarifikasi masalah tersebut dengan cara menelisik secara kritis pemaknaan jihād yang sebenarnya baik yang termaktub dalam kitab suci al-Qur’an maupun sunnah Nabi Muhammad saw. Pendekatan sosial-historis diterapkan untuk lebih memahami konteks holistik bagi pemaknaan konsep jihad dalam dua sumber ajaran Islam itu. Penulis berkesimpulan bahwa anggapan tersebut adalah suatu kesalahpahaman akibat dari ketidaktahuan pihak-pihak tertentu tentang makna jihād yang sebenarnya dalam Islam. Tidak tertutup kemungkinan bahwa kesalahpahaman itu disengaja, karena adanya motif-motif untuk mencederai keluhuran ajaran Islam, khususnya tentang jihād.

Pemikiran Imam Al-Ghazali Tentang Ekonomi Islam dalam Kitab Ihya’ Ulumuddin

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Moh. Muafi Bin Thohir

2016-10-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on the concept of al-Ghazali economic thought in Ihya 'Ulumuddin. The main reason for choosing the economic concept of al-Ghazali was due to its own peculiarities points compared with other thinkers. In the grand concept of the economy, al-Ghazali is focused on the behavior of individuals in the perspective of the Qur'an, al-Sunnah, the Prophet Muhammad's fatwa, friends and officers from his friends as well as such prominent Sufi Junaid al-Baghdadi, Zun al-Misri, and Haris bin Asad al-Muhammad Sibi. This article also discusses how exactly the economic concept of al-Ghazali? The conclusion that the concept of economic thought Al-Ghazali is based on the approach of Sufism. Thought Imam al-Ghazali in economics tends moral ethics. 1. Among the voluntary exchange and the evolution of the market, which include; a. Demand, supply, prices and profits b. Ethics basic behavior. 2. The production of goods, which include; a. Production of basic goods as a social obligation. b. Hierarchy production c. Stages of production, specialization, and linkages. 3. Barter and Evolution of the goods, which include; a. Problema Barter and demand for money b. Money that is not useful and stockpiling contrary to divine law. c. Counterfeiting and declining value of money d. Riba. 4. Role of the State and Public Finance, which includes; a. Economic progress through justice, peace, and stability. b. Public finances (source countries, public debt and public spending. Muslim economists have more contributions to the economic development not only in the Islamic environment, but also conventional economics. With a discussion of the economic thinking of the Muslim thinkers, hoping that the Islamic economic discourse among academics become more alive. In addition, the economic nuances of Islam in Indonesia can further grow and comprehensively by operating the Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia.

Character Education Based on Religious Values: an Islamic Perspective

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Ismail Sukardi

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Character education in Indonesia has become a necessity that can not be negotiable. Various cases of crime and moral deviations become evident that the character of most citizens already at alarming stage. Therefore, since the beginning, national education is not only aimed at generating human intelligent and skilled, but also of noble character. This is realized through the introduction of 18 characters excel in school (religious, honest, disciplined, tolerance, and so on. In the Islamic perspective character education paired with akhlak (Islamic ethics education. Among the important characteristics are: it sourced from the Quran Hadith; Prophet Muhammad as a role model; priority-based methods of mental-spiritual (soul management, habituation, exemplary, and healthy environment; are simultaneous in which three education centers, namely schools, families, and communities should play a role in synergy. The government and the mass media also play a role in supporting the education of character.   Pendidikan karakter di Indonesia telah menjadi kebutuhan yang tidak dapat ditawar. Berbagai kasus kejahatan moral dan penyimpangan menjadi jelas bahwa karakter sebagian besar warga sudah pada tahap mengkhawatirkan. Oleh karena itu, sejak awal, pendidikan nasional tidak hanya bertujuan menghasilkan manusia cerdas dan terampil, tetapi juga karakter yang mulia. Hal ini diwujudkan melalui pengenalan 18 karakter berprestasi di sekolah (agama, jujur, disiplin, tolerann, dan sebagainya. Dalam pendidikan karakter perspektif Islam dipasangkan dengan pendidikan akhlak (etika Islam. Di antara karakteristik penting adalah: itu bersumber dari al-Quran Hadis; Nabi Muhammad sebagai panutan; metode berbasis prioritas mental-spiritual (manajemen jiwa, pembiasaan, keteladanan, dan lingkungan yang sehat; yang simultan di mana tiga pusat pendidikan, yaitu sekolah, keluarga, dan masyarakat harus berperan dalam sinergi. Pemerintah dan media massa juga berperan dalam mendukung

DAKWAH ISLAMIYAH: MENIMBANG KEMBALI KONSEP DAKWAH ISLAM MOHAMMAD NATSIR

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Akhmad Anwar Dani

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Basically, Islam is message (risalah religion that it put its da’wah activities in delivering all doctrines which are consist inside this religion. These become center role for developing the future. Da’wah vitality in Islam gives the signal that will come the new formulation appropriating with developing of the world in this time. It is an opportunity for Islam in order it’s doctrines concept were received by new civilization; modern civilization. This proposition will be answered by Muhammad Natsir with amarma’ruf nahi munkar concept, which it combined the matter of da’wah, subject of da’wah and object of da’wah as a concept inseparable between and other.

TAKHRIJ AL-HADITS TENTANG PERALATAN MAKAN NABI SAW

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Hairul Hudaya

2016-10-01

Full Text Available For the Muslims, the position of the Prophet Muhammad is not only transmitting the revelations, but also explaining and realizing them in all aspects of his life. Therefore, the description of how and what he ate is included as parts of the hadith. Nevertheless, the practice of hadith can not be separated from the assessment of the quality of these hadith. The results showed that the hadith associated with the Prophets tableware and Food is authentic both from its sanad and matan. The Hadith can be understood as a form of the humble life style of the prophet. This attitude fits with what is said in the Qur'an and the Hadiths

The Concept of Qailulah (Midday Napping) from Neuroscientific and Islamic Perspectives.

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Tumiran, Mohd Amzari; Rahman, Noor Naemah Abdul; Saat, Rohaida Mohd; Kabir, Nurul; Zulkifli, Mohd Yakub; Adli, Durriyyah Sharifah Hasan

2015-08-13

Napping/siesta during the day is a phenomenon, which is widely practised in the world. However, the timing, frequency, and duration may vary. The basis of napping is also diverse, but it is mainly done for improvement in alertness and general well-being. Neuroscience reveals that midday napping improves memory, enhances alertness, boosts wakefulness and performance, and recovers certain qualities of lost night sleep. Interestingly, Islam, the religion of the Muslims, advocates midday napping primarily because it was a practice preferred by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The objectives of this review were to investigate and compare identical key points on focused topic from both neuroscientific and Islamic perspectives and make recommendations for future researches.

War and Peace in Sudan during the Government of President Nimeiry

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Alfredo Langa Herrero

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This article analyses the government of President Gaafar Muhammad al-Nimeiry (1969-1985 in the Republic of Sudan, taking into account the evolution of armed conflicts in the country as well as peace initiatives launched during this period. From a historical point of view, it examines the success of the May Revolution and the grea expectations it created within and outside of the country, as well as the different phases of Nimeiry’s leadership and his transformation from socialist to Islamic leader. The article emphasizes the consequences of this transformation and the subsequent fiasco of decentralization, resulting in a scenario of conflict, especially in the south of the country

ASURANSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

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Havis Aravik

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article discusses how insurance aplikable in Islam perspective. The results of discussion is that insurance as Islamic Economic (muamalah practice today, is not known at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, so that the legal basis textually not found in the Quran and hadith, the results of previous scholars and ijtihad in codes of Islamic Law. Islamic insurance which is being developed today, can essentially reduce the burden and narrowness, and bring benefits in people's lives. Therefore, the community should begin to see the prospect of such insurance as the media to protect themselves from the various possibilities of unwanted later, while participating together help each other in goodness and piety.

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERBASIS AL-QUR’AN: Penerapan Pola Sistematika Nuzulnya Wahyu (SNW di Pondok Pesantren Hidayatullah Panyula Kabupaten Bone

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Afifuddin Afifuddin

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This article discusses about the pattern of descent of revelation systematics applied in hidayatullah boarding school, Panyula, Bone regency. This research focuses on the implementation of the pattern of descent of revelation systematics in accordance with the qur’anic character building at the boarding school. The researcher collected and analized data by using descriptive qualitative. This research found that hidayatullah boarding school has successfully applied educational methods on quranic based to build students’ character. Based on the descent of revelation systematics, it has regenerated and internalized values as what have been done by the Prophet Muhammad in his first dakwah in Mecca. This research aims to give academic contribution to teachers in order to build Islamic character of the students.

GENEALOGI DAN PENYEBARAN THARIQAH QADIRIYAH WA NAQSHABANDIYAH DI JAWA

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Aly Mashar

2016-11-01

Full Text Available This article investigates the geneology and spread of Thariqah Qadiriyah wa Naqshabandiyah in Java. Based on the previous literatures (Dhofier, Martin van Bruinessen, Zulkifli, and Mulyati, it was found out that in Java the genealogy of the thariqah formed by Syekh Ahmad Khatib Sambas directed to the three primary khalifah, i.e. Syekh Abdul Karim Banten, Syekh Ahmad Thalhah Cirebon, and Syekh Muhammad Hasbullah Madura, then spread out across Java Island through the four centers (on 1970s, such as Suryalaya, Rejoso, Mranggen, and Pangentongan. However, the writer found out that there were four khalifahs, including Syekhona Kholil Bangkalan Madura; with the nine dissemination centers (in 1970s including Berjan Purworejo, Sawah Pulo Surabaya, Cukir Jombang, Kencong Kediri, and Dawe Kudus.

Microbial efficacy of phosphate solubilization in agro-saline soils of various areas of sindh region

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Noor, A.A.; Shah, F.A.

2013-01-01

Microorganisms are the most prominent entities for solubilization of phosphate in various soils of different areas of Sindh Province including Tando Muhammad Khan, Tando Allah Yar, Nawabshah, Rato Dero-Larkana, Shikarpur and Umer Kot. These soils, having varying concentrations of chemicals, different climatic conditions, pH and varying numbers of microorganisms for PSA (Phosphate Solubilization Activity). This presentation shows the isolation of different fungi and bacteria capable Psa including fungi (Fusarium sp. Aspergillus sp. Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus sp.) and bacteria (Bacillus sp. Pseudomonas sp. and Arthrobacter sp.). From the observations, it was revealed that fungi Aspergillus sp. and Bacillus sp. showed greater phosphate solubilization activity as compared to other fungi and bacteria showing 60 and 53.33% Psa (Phosphate Solubilizing Activity) respectively. (author)

Inner Consciousness Tindakan Nabi

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Moh. Helmi Umam

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The article is written to examine deeds and actions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him within inner consciousness analysis of Husserl’s phenomenology. The article is formulated to explore the significance of phenomenology of religious study, Prophet’s deeds as well as his inner consciousness, and inner consciousness analysis of Prophet’s deeds. This article is written using phenomenological method, i.e. a comprehensive interpretation about the source of information or object’s phenomenon as long as it can be traced. Inner consciousness of Prophet’s actions sees that his deeds in deciding important religious pronouncements were results of long-term memory based on divine and social argumentations, which have came into Prophet’s consciousness as a human.

PETA GERAKAN SYI’AH DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

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Humaidy humaidy

2014-05-01

Full Text Available This article traces back the entry of the Shi’a in South Kalimantan through the inclusion of Islamic Wujudiyah (panentheism Sufismwhich was firstspreadin the kingdom of Banjar.  This isdue to the similaritybetween Wujudiyah Sufism with the concept of Irfan in Shi'a. However, the influence of Shia in  South Kalimantan  suffered a setback atthe era  of Syekh Muhammad al-Banjari Arsyad (1710-1812 AD.  According to Habib Ali,Shia began to revive in South Kalimantan after the Iranian revolution in 1979.  Ja’fari school of thought (madhabs  is the growing Shiah in South Kalimantan. The Developmentof Shi’a in South kalimantan faces manychallenges since Muslims in South Kalimantan have a strong belief in Sunni

"Medical students" burn out – need of student mentor and support groups and emotional resilience skills training to be a part of medical school curriculum

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Shoaib M

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Maria Shoaib,1 Anoshia Afzal,1 Muhammad Aadil,2 1Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan; 2Department of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA We would like to applaud the authors of the article “Potential predictors of psychological distress and well-being in medical students: a cross-sectional pilot study” for conducting a cross-sectional pilot study to understand the predictors of psychological distress and well-being and for assessing their extent using latest scales that have not been extensively used for this purpose before.1 We would like to add some views in its support. View the original paper by Bore and colleagues. 

NEGARA ADIL MAKMUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF FOUNDING FATHERS NEGARA INDONESIA DAN FILOSOF MUSLIM

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Abu Tholib Khalik

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract: This article elaborates on the concept of a fair and prosperous among the Indonesian founding fathers with the Muslim philosophers. Basic concepts of the founding fathers is Pancasila in which there is the word ‘fair’. The word ‘fair’ is also a very serious discussion among Muslim philosophers. The Muslim philosophers underlined that fair is one of the basics of leadership exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad while leading the people of Madina multi-ethnic and multi-religious, and this of course is relevant to the context of Indonesia's multi-religious, multi-ethnic and multi-class. For founding fathers, desire to create a fair society and a prosperous lofty ideals and key for the Indonesian nation. Therefore, they feel how much suffering people of Indonesia as a nation occupied by foreign interchangeably. In the occupation of Indonesia was treated unfairly, and natural wealth confiscated. This goal was already thought by the Muslim philosophers. Therefore, in comparing the two is where the significance of the concept of a just and prosperous one. Abstrak: Artikel ini akan mengelaborasi konsep negara adil dan makmur antara founding fathers (Para Pendiri Bangsa Indonesia dengan para para filosof Muslim. Asas konsep founding fathers adalah Pancasila yang di dalamnya terdapat kata adil. Kata adil juga menjadi pembahasan yang sangat serius di kalangan filosof Muslim. Para filosof Muslim menggarisbawahi bahwa adil merupakan salah satu asas kepemimpinan yang diteladankan oleh Nabi Muhammad saat memimpin masyarakat Madinah yang multi-agama, dan ini tentu saja relevan dengan konteks Indonesia yang multiagama, multi-etnik, dan multi-golongan. Bagi founding fathers, keinginan mewujudkan masyarakat yang adil dan makmur merupakan cita-cita luhur dan utama bagi bangsa Indonesia. Sebab, mereka merasakan betapa menderitanya bangsa Indonesia ketika dijajah oleh bangsa asing yang silih berganti. Dalam penjajahan itu bangsa Indonesia diperlakukan

Economic Policies of the Second Pahlavi regarding Industry, with an Emphasis on the Relations between Iran and Germany (1961-1978

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Ali Vashmeh

2017-09-01

Full Text Available After ascending to the throne, Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi tried to approximate the face of Iran to that of European countries dramatically. Meanwhile, impressive increase of oil price became the trump card in the hand of the second Pahlavi governments, by which to move toward the predicted goals. As a result, various small scale and large scale industries entered Iran and started to work as the main symbols of modernization. Germany had a special position among the industrial countries exporting industries to Iran, and much attention had been drawn to it. Germany, especially after the Second World War, needed to sell its industrial products and import raw material, thus Iran’s market could be considered one of the important economic recourse suppliers for Germany. With this mutual approach, many small and large German factories were sold to Iran and economical and political commutes of this country’s representatives to Iran increased. In addition to these industries, German technical schools started to work in order to transfer technical knowledge. In the present research, we investigate economic policies of second Pahlavi’s Governments in relation to industry with an emphasis on Iran-Germany relations. We use a descriptive-analytic method, and take advantage of the research period archive documents, books and media. The research aims to evaluate the economic policies in the second Pahlavi period which led to light and heavy industries entering Iran. The present research seeks to answer the question that what qualitative and quantitative changes did the second Pahlavi government’s industry-related policies made, especially using German industry, to modernize Iranian industry? In order to find the answer, we explain briefly Muhammad Reza Shah rising to power in the beginning, and then after entering the research period, we focus on the second Pahlavi economic policies, Iran foreign relations in the field of light and heavy industries

Raid of Islam Giray and Safa Giray on the “Bank” in Summer 1533 »

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V.V. Penskoi

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The murder by Nogay Mirzas of the Crimean Khan Muhammad Giray I in Astrakhan in 1523 and the subsequent devastation by the Nogays of the Crimea violated the fragile balance of forces and interests of the Crimean influential clans and led to a long and bloody Crimean “zamyatnya” that lasted fifteen years. Objective: To analyze the raid of Islam Giray and Safa Giray on Russian lands in the summer of 1533. Research materials: acts relating to the history of Western Siberia, Russian chro­nicles, Lithuanian-Belarusian chronicles, books of noble families. Research results and novelty: during their military campaign, Islam Giray and Safa Giray did not only rely on the support of the Crimean aristocracy that had been split into hostile groups, but also on the aid of Istanbul, Vilnius and Moscow. The latter tried to use the Crimean dissension in their own interests playing off the warring Crimean “parties” and attempting to channel their energy outward, against their opponents. As a result, the previously purposeful foreign policy of the Crimean Khanate lost its integrity and become like a weather vane that was turning following breeze. Tactical considerations and the pursuit of short-term profits replaced relatively clear and confident foreign policy of Mengli Giray I and Muhammad Giray I. As a result, none of the neighbors of the Crimea was immune from a sudden attack of the Tatar “vlans, princes and murzas” and their people who felt the freedom and were willing to risk their lives for the sake of the rich booty, which could be seized in convenient opportunity from the neighbors caught by surprise. All these years, the clouds swirled constantly on the Russian-Lithuanian-Crimean borderlands and from time to time they bursted into thunder. One of those storms was the arrival of Islam Giray and his cousin Safa Giray on sovereign “Ukraine” in the summer of 1533.

Comparative clinical evaluation on herbal formulation Pepsil, Safoof-e-Katira and Omeprazole in gastro esophageal reflux disease.

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Toseef, Muhammad Umar; Saeed, Aftab; Mohi-Ud-Din, Ejaz; Usmanghani, Khan; Nazar, Halima; Nawaz, Allah; Ahmad, Irshad; Siddiqui, Faheem Ahmed

2015-05-01

This study was conducted to evaluate the role of Unani herbal drugs Pepsil and Safoof-e-katira on the gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). This was multicentre randomized case control study conducted at Matab Hakeem Muhammad Noor-ud-din, Burewala; Aziz Muhammad din Medical and Surgical Centre, Burewala and Shifa-ul-mulk Memorial Hospital, Hamdard University Karachi. The patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. In test group-1 the male female ratio was 40%, 60%; test group-2 was 42%, 58% and in control group was 44%, 56% respectively. The observed symptoms in the study were increased appetite (TG-1-95%, TG-2-95% and CG-89%), difficulty in swallowing (TG-1-93%, TG-2-96% and TC-94%), belching/burping (TG-1-97%, TG-2-97% and CG-95%), vomiting (TG-1-90%, TG-2-96% and CG-89%), heart burn (TG-1-100%, TG-2-100% and CG-98%), palpitation (TG-1-100%, TG-2-100% and CG-97%), epigastric pain (TG-1-97%, TG-2-97% and CG-90%), abdominal cramps (TG-1-97%, TG-2-98% and CG-95%), tenesmus (TG-1-100%, TG-2-100% and CG-97%), flatulence (TG-1-100%, TG-2-75% and CG-95%), wakeup during sleep (TG-1-94%, TG-2-87% and CG-94%). The p-value of the results of the symptoms was 0.000 except flatulence where the value was 0.001. The statistical results of the study prescribed that all the drugs studied (Pepsil, Safoof-e-katira and Omeprazole) are highly significant. The herbal coded drug Pepsil showed no side effects and unani herbal drug safoof-e-katira showed minimum result of 75% in the patients while Omeprazole resulted with some side effects. In the result it can be concluded that the herbal coded drug Pepsil is a potent herbal drug for gastro esophageal reflux disease.

Menggali Makna Upacara Maulid Nabi di Padang Pariaman Sumatera Barat

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Suryanti -

2012-12-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT   The celebration of Maulid Nabi, known as “Dikie Maulid”, is a tradition of Padang Pariaman society to celebrate the birth of prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him. The celebration is a routine activity which is believed having ethics and aesthetics values, so that it becomes a religious ritual of the society. This research used qualitative method in order to reveal the meaning of  the  people’s  behavior  in  various  social  situations.  The  result  of  the research shows that the celebration of Dikie Maulid is an Islamic religious expression  with  various  activities  such  as  malamang,  mahanta  kue,  and bajamba, and it constitutes the identity of local culture of Padang Pariaman society. There are various art forms and elements in the ceremony of Maulid Nabi, among others are: literature, music, dance, and fine arts. The ceremony related to some events that are considered significant to the community.     Keywords: dikie maulid, malamang, mahanta kue, bajamba     ABSTRAK Perayaan Maulid Nabi, yang dikenal dengan “Dikie Maulid”, adalah sebuah  tradisi  masyarakat  Padang  Pariaman  untuk  merayakan  kelahiran nabi Muhammad (SAW. Perayaan ini merupakan kegiatan rutin yang dipercaya memiliki nilai-nilai etis dan estetis, sehingga menjadi sebuah ritual keagamaan masyarakat tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mengungkap makna dari perilaku masyarakat dalam berbagai situasi sosial.  Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perayaan Dikie Maulid merupakan sebuah ekspresi agama Islam dengan berbagai aktifitas, seperti: malamang, mahanta kue, and bajamba, serta menjadi identitas budaya lokal masyarakat Padang Pariaman. Terdapat berbagai bentuk dan unsur seni dalam upacara Maulid Nabi ini, di antaranya: sastra, musik, tari, dan seni rupa. Upacara ini berkaitan dengan berbagai peristiwa yang dipandang penting bagi komunitasnya.     Kata Kunci: dikie maulid, malamang

Penelitian Islam: Dasar dan Filosofi

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Abu Bakar Marzuki

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This article is a continued understanding of some thoughts delivered by the Islamic study experts. Actually, Islamic study orientation is still floating and it does not have a clear goal. Some parts of Islamic study is  model or a similar effort done by  orientalists in studying Islam, and in line with the vision and the mission starting from false conclusion about Islam. Therefore, Islamic study experts in the earlier awakening of Islam such as  Al-banna, al-maududi, Ismail Raji al Faruqi, Ziauddin sardar, and Muhammad Naquib al-Attas have offered various thoughts in implementing the framework of Islamic study in line with the vision and the mission of Islam so that their mindset becomes the basis for development of Islamic study. 

Abu Bakr Qalandar. Qalandar-name. Chapter 9. “The Ascension (Mi’raj of the Messenger [of Allah] (Peace Be upon Him!”.

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Ismagil R. Gibadullin

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article contains an excerpt from the poem “Qalandar-name” of Sufi sheikh and Islamic scholar of Anatolian origin, Abu Bakr Qalandar Rumi, who lived in Crimea. The ninth chapter is devoted to the ascension of the Prophet of Islam, Muhammad (peace be upon him!, which is known as the Mi’raj in the Islamic tradition. This chapter is full of highly emotional and mystical reflections on the significance of this event. This topic becomes particularly meaningful in the context of religious and mystical work “Qalandar-name”. It points to a shift from the traditional expressions of honor with respect to the primary figures of early Islamic history (righteous Caliphs, relatives of the Prophet, Imams of four Sunni madhhabs to the presentation of mystical revelations and experiences of the author.

PENGELOLAAN WAKTU DALAM PELAKSANAAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

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Ahmad Sabri

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Time does not become human beings’ barrier to create and perform a variety of activities that give positive for them and society as long as they are able to manage it to be effective and efficient. It signaled that to achieve a lot of success in any jobs is determined how far a person is able to allocate the time and make a priority for their job. For general and Islamic educations in particular, the time management is also an important part of success in the educational activity. This sign has found in the Al-qur’an and the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad who emphasized the importance of time management, even in the Al-Qur’an, there is one verse that deliberately the importance of time (see Surah Al-‘Ahsr.

Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membentuk Karakter Bangsa

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Syaiful Anwar

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Character education must be grounded in basic human character that comes from universal moral values (absolute sourced from revealed religion which is also called the golden rule. Character education can have a definite purpose when grounded in the values of the base character. According to psychologists some basic values of the character is the love of God and His creation (nature and content, responsibility, honesty, respect and courtesy, compassion, caring, cooperation, confident, creative, hard work and unyielding, justice and leadership, kind and humble, tolerance, love of peace, unity and love. Another opinion states that the basic character of man consists of: trustworthy, respect and attention, caring, honesty, responsibility, citizenship, honesty, courageous, diligent, disciplined, visionary, fair, and integrity (compare with the nature of the Prophet Muhammad.

Comparison of duloxetine and SSRI as a treatment option of painful physical symptoms associated with major depressive disorder

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Haider M

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Miqdad Haider,1 Muhammad Nabeel Shafqat2 1Department of Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences “Serafin Ruiz de Zarate” Villa Clara (UCMVC, Villa Clara, CubaWe would like to write about the recently published article “An observational study of duloxetine versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs monotherapy for the treatment of painful physical symptoms in Japanese patients with major depressive disorder: primary analysis” by Kuga et al, which we read with great interest.1 The study is a good step toward finding the best treatment option for painful physical symptoms (PPSs in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD.View the original paper by Kuga and colleagues. 

What is in the Scandinavian Nexus of ‘Islamophobia, Multiculturalism, and Muslim-Western Relations’?

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Hervik, Peter

2015-01-01

Studies of European political party programmes, social movements, news media coverage, scores of books, and social media networks have embraced a negative dialogue towards migrants, whose identities are increasingly seen as incompatible with ‘Western’ values and presenting a major challenge...... to democracy. Sponsors of these public discourses support anti-immigration and oppositional stances to ‘migrant sympathizers’, who are often represented as traitors or cowards. They also fuel a process where xenophobia, Islamophobia and zero-tolerance have become naturalized and morally accepted ways......’ with its blurred relations and taken for granted assumptions in the Muhammad Cartoon Affair in Denmark, the media coverage of the terrorist attack in Norway 2011; a blog entry about Radical Islam, feminism and left-wingers; and discussion about immigrant youth and drinking on a website connected to one...

Senile Dementia from Neuroscientific and Islamic Perspectives.

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Tumiran, Mohd Amzari; Abdul Rahman, Noor Naemah; Mohd Saat, Rohaida; Ismail, Ahmad Zuhdi; Ruzali, Wan Adriyani Wan; Bashar, Nurul Kabir Nurul; Hasan Adli, Durriyyah Sharifah

2018-02-01

Diseases involving the nervous system drastically change lives of victims and commonly increase dependency on others. This paper focuses on senile dementia from both the neuroscientific and Islamic perspectives, with special emphasis on the integration of ideas between the two different disciplines. This would enable effective implementation of strategies to address issues involving this disease across different cultures, especially among the world-wide Muslim communities. In addition, certain incongruence ideas on similar issues can be understood better. The former perspective is molded according to conventional modern science, while the latter on the analysis of various texts including the holy Qur'an, sunnah [sayings and actions of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad (pbuh)] and writings of Islamic scholars. Emphasis is particularly given on causes, symptoms, treatments and prevention of dementia.

MESSAGES FOR HUMANITY IN "BULA MALINO" (QUIET MOON (A POEM BY KAIMUDDIN IDRUS MUHAMMADAL-BUTHUNI IBNU BADARUDDIN

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K Kamaluddin

2015-12-01

Full Text Available "Bula Malino" (Quiet Moon is a literary work found in Buton society and packaged in the form of poem. The manuscript is written in Wolio Language (Butonese main native language using an Arabic-Wolio script modification, commonly called "buri Wolio" (Wolio writing. This article is yielded to report findings of a qualitative study which analyzes the humanity messages revealed in the poem using a content analysis and structuralism genetic approach. This approach follows some gradual procedures such as examining intrinsic elements of poem, reviewing social life of author, and giving a reflection to history and social background of Buton society. The findings show that the poem reveals messages and values for humanity in terms of sobriety or calm mind/heart and soul clarity for being prepared for death. The poem also contains advice addressed to readers. It was noted that the author of the poem was born in the late 18th century AD. At the age of 40, he was inaugurated the 29th sultan of Buton. At this century, Buton social condition was more than enthusiastic in learning science. This was marked by the establishment of a school named "Zaawiah".

Normative significance of transnationalism? The case of the Danish cartoons controversy

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Sune Lægaard

2010-05-01

Full Text Available The paper concerns the specific transnational aspects of the ‘cartoons controversy’ over the publication of 12 drawings of the Prophet Muhammad in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten. Transnationalism denotes the relationships that are not international (between states or domestic (between states and citizens, or between groups or individuals within a state. The paper considers whether the specifically transnational aspects of the controversy are normatively significant, that is, whether transnationalism makes a difference for the applicability or strength of normative considerations concerning publications such as the Danish cartoons. It is argued that, although some of the usual arguments about free speech only or mainly apply domestically, many also apply transnationally; that standard arguments for multicultural recognition are difficult to apply transnationally; and that requirements of respect may have problematic implications if applied to transnational relationships.

The "Protests against Charlie Hebdo" in Niger: A Background Analysis

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Jannik Schritt

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In many Muslim countries in West Africa and beyond, “protests against Charlie Hebdo” occurred when citizens went out on the streets following Friday prayers on 16 January 2015. However, only in Niger did these protests turn extremely violent. This report analyses the social, political and religious workings behind the protests in Niger. In doing so, it shows that the so-called “protests against Charlie Hebdo” are only superficially linked to the Muhammad cartoons by the French satirical magazine. Similarly violent protests have occurred in Niger – often in the town of Zinder – for quite different reasons and on different occasions in recent years. The report therefore argues against simplistic notions of religious fundamentalism and shows that the protests can be explained more appropriately in terms of politics and socio-economic exclusion.

Analytical Characterization of Rococo Paintings in Egypt: Preliminary Results from El-Gawhara Palace at Cairo

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Fatma REFAAT

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El-Gawhara palace (1813–1814 AD is situated south of the Mosque of Muhammad Ali in the Cairo Citadel. This palace is an important example of the best early 19th century rococo decorations in Egypt. The present study reports some of the results obtained from the application of different analytical techniques to characterize some rococo paintings at El-Gawhara palace at Cairo, Egypt. The characterization of the studied paintings was carried out by means of optical microscopy (OM, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT−IR. The obtained results allowed the identification of the chemical composition, structure and the painting technique employed in these paintings. This methodology reveals some useful information on some rococo paintings dating back to the 19th century in Egypt.

DIMENSI AKHLAK DALAM SHALAT Telaah Teologis-Filosofis

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Sehat Sultoni Dalimunthe

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Akhlak reflects the identity and quality of the individual, society, tribe and nation and even the parameter of dignity of all human civilization throughout the ages. The essence of Islam is akhlak. The concept is stated in the Hadith saying that Allah not merely sent Muhammad SAW except for an important task to edify mankind. Islamic education that focuses on the formation of akhlak is essential. Akhlak-based Islamic education studies and practices good behaviour and teaches students to avoid reprehensible behavior. Theologically, examining the akhlak can be done by using theological and philosophical approaches together. Religion (revelation from God and philosophy (reason come also from Allah swt. Methodologically, morals can be studied by using method tajribi (inductive and method of qiyas (deductive. In didactic, akhlak can be taught, through role models and habituation.

København - Cairo tur/retur

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Lindekilde, Lasse

2012-01-01

authorities that travelled to Egypt, Lebanon, and Syria in December 2005. These actors were forced into a more defensive mode of claims-making soon after their return to Denmark through processes of name-calling and stigmatization. Building on this case study, the article concludes by suggesting some...... of the effects of Danish Muslims’ transnational activities during the Muhammad cartoons controversy in 2005/06 on subsequent Muslim claims-making. The article argues that the envisioned ‘boomerang effect’ of the transnational activities – the attempt to put pressure on Danish authorities by contacting political...... and religious authorities in the Middle East – backfired on Danish Muslims. The transnational move was successfully ‘securitized’ by elements of the media and the political elite, inviting soft forms of repression against especially the Muslim actors involved in the delegations of primarily religious...

Subcutaneous to visceral fat ratio: a possible risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases

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Shafqat MN

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Nabeel Shafqat,1 Miqdad Haider,2 1Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences “Serafin Ruiz de Zarate” Villa Clara (UCMVC, Villa Clara, Cuba; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, PakistanWe would like to comment, with great interest, about the recently published article “Visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio as a predictor of the multiple metabolic risk factors for subjects with normal waist circumference in Korea” by Oh et al,1 which we found very interesting and valuable. This study is a good step to determine the predictive value of visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR in persons with normal waist circumference for the diagnosis of risk factors for metabolic syndrome.View the original paper by Oh and colleagues.

Semantics of Islam and Quran and it’s Relation with Religious Pluralism

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Javad Mohammadi

2013-02-01

Full Text Available This research attempts to consider the relationship between "Islam" And "religious pluralism" through lexical and Quranic semantic of "Islam ". This word derived from "Selm" in Arabic and means subordination, humility and submission, because it does not have any insubordination and refusal. In Quranic verses " Islam" means "being surrendered to God and his commands", the commands that transmitted to people by messengers of God. Therefore, according to the verses of noble Quran, one of the most important submission conditions is the belief that Prophet Muhammad (pbuh, is the messenger of God. This reading is consistent with a meaning of the religious pluralism that emphasizes on rightfulness of Islam along the salvation of non Muslim people and , also, peaceful life with them, while is inconsistent with the definition that believe in plurality and equality of religions in rightfulness .

Abuse of Islamic Law and Child Marriage in South-Sulawesi Indonesia

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Kasjim Salenda

2016-06-01

[Tulisan ini membahas kasus-kasus pernikahan anak di Sulawesi Selatan, termasuk persepsi masyarakat dan faktor-faktor pendukungnya diantaranya penggunaan dalil agama (Islam untuk membenarkan tindakan tersebut. Masyarakat memahami pernikahan anak sebagaimana tercantum dalam UU Pernikahan No. 1 Tahun 1974 bahwa pernikahan anak terjadi pada usia dibawah 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 16 tahun bagi perempuan dan atau mereka yang belum akil balig’. Beberapa factor dominan dalam pernikahan anak antara lain; norma adat lokal (‘siri, kehormatan keluarga dan kerabat, orangtua yang kurang terpelajar, beban ekonomi keluarga dan ketidakkonsisten penegakan peraturan. Pada dasarnya tidak ada ajaran Islam atau fiqih yang secara tegas mendukung pernikahan anak karena tujuan dari pernikahan dalam Islam adalah kebahagiaan dan keharmonisan hubungan antar suami istri. Menggunakan rujukan pernikahan Nabi Muhammad dengan Aisyah saat usia enam tahun merupakan perkara yang tidak bisa dibenarkan.

Penerapan Pendidikan Akhlak di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Islam Terpadu Darut Taqwa Jenangan Ponorogo Tahun Ajaran 2014-2015

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Agus Budiman

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Dalam ajaran Islam, akhlak menempati kedudukan yang amat penting, dimana akhlak yang diajarkan oleh nabi Muhammad SAW meliputi akhlak terhadap Allah SWT, akhlak sesama manusia, dan akhlak manusia terhadap lingkungannya. Dengan ketiga akhlak tersebut, diharapkan manusia memiliki keimanan dan ketakwaan yang kuat sehingga terciptalah kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan di dunia dan di akhirat. Untuk pendidikan akhlak harus diajarkan sejak usia dini, terutama pada masa usia sekolah. Namun kenyataan yang ada sekarang, banyak anak yang perilakunya belum mencerminkan akhlak Islami. Sekolah sebagai salah satu dari tri pusat pendidikan memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam menanamkan pendidikan akhlak bagi anak didik. Sekolah Menengah Pertama Islam Terpadu Darut Taqwa merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan di Jenangan Ponorogo yang sangat memperhatikan pembinaan akhlak para anak didiknya. Hal ini terlihat dari banyaknya program pembinaan akhlak yang diterapkan di sekolah ini.

Northern Black Sea Region in 1400–1442 and the Origin of the Crimean Khanate

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V.P. Gulevych

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The history of the Crimean Khanate’s foundation still remains poorly studied. Also, little is known about the early years of the first Crimean khan Haci I Giray whose ancestors ruled in the Crimea and the Golden Horde. In the 20s of the 15th century the Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas actively intervened in the affairs of the Crimea and the Golden Horde trying to establish his sovereignty in the city of Caffa, where he strove to nominate subordinated khans. However, at the end of his reign, he could not exert a serious military pressure because until he died, he was occupied with his coronation. The boundaries of the Crimean tumen extended from the river Dniester in the West to the Volga River in the East, from the mean flow of the Dnieper and Southern Bug River in the North to the coastal cities of the Crimean peninsula in the south. In the first half of 15th century, there were many stationary settlements of Tatars in the Black Sea steppes. Thus, the tumen occupied a large territory. Having a great military power, the Crimean rulers did not separate the Crimean Ulus from the Golden Horde, but used the peninsula as a staging area for the seizure of power in the state capital city of Sarai. The Tatar nobility also sought to enthrone those khans who would be dependent on them. One of their strongest representatives was Tehene-bey who had a residence in Solkhat on the Crimean peninsula. He persuaded Vytautas to give them Ulugh Muhammad as a khan. In response, the khan nominated Tehene-bey as his deputy in the Crimea. A few years later, Ulugh Muhammad quarreled both with Tehene-bey and the Lithuanian ruler Švitrigaila. In 1433, the Grand Duke of Lithuania helped Khan Sayid Ahmad II both to split the Golden Horde and to seize power on the right bank of the Dnieper. According to many historians, Haci Giray seized power in the Crimea and defeated a Genoese military detachment in 1434, but this statement is not confirmed by the written sources and

In silico and in vivo characterization of cabralealactone, solasodin and salvadorin in a rat model: potential anti-inflammatory agents

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Malik A

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Arif Malik,1 Mahwish Arooj,2 Tariq Tahir Butt,3 Sara Zahid,4 Fatima Zahid,1 Tassadaq Hussain Jafar,1 Sulayman Waquar,1 Siew Hua Gan,5 Sarfraz Ahmad,1 Muhammad Usman Mirza6 1Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; 2University College of Medicine and Dentistry (UCMD, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; 3Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan; 4Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; 5School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia; 6Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Background: The present study investigates the hepato- and DNA-protective effects of standardized extracts of Cleome brachycarpa (cabralealactone, Solanum incanum (solasodin, and Salvadora oleioides (salvadorin in rats. Materials and methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced with intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 (1 mL/kg b.wt. once a week for 12 weeks. The hepato- and DNA protective effects of the extracts in different combinations were compared with that of a standard drug Clavazin (200 mg/kg b.wt.. Tissue alanine aminotransferase, alpha-fetoprotein, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α, isoprostanes-2α, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, the significant hallmarks of oxidative stress, were studied. Results: Histopathological findings of the liver sections from the rat group which received CCl4+cabralealactone, solasodin, and salvadorin demonstrated improved centrilobular hepatocyte regeneration with moderate areas of congestion and infiltration comparable with Clavazin. For in silico study, the identified compounds were subjected to molecular docking with cyclooxygenase-2 and TNF-α followed by a molecular dynamics study, which indicated their potential as anti-inflammatory agents. Conclusion: Cabralealactone

The Representation of Muslims in Rudyard Kipling’s Short Stories: A Postcolonial Perspective

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M. Mugijatna

2015-04-01

Full Text Available This article studies Rudyard Kipling’s four short stories, “Wee Willie Winkie”, “The Recrudescence of Imray”, “The Story of Muhammad Din”, and “Without Benefit of Clergy”. The purposes of this research are to describe the representation of Muslims in the four short stories and to describe how the representation of Muslims in the four short stories represents British colonization in India. In this paper, I employs textual study methodology using narrative analysis, binary-opposition analysis, and metaphorical iconicity analysis. The conclusion is that the representation of Muslims in the four short stories ranges from perceiving Muslims as bed men living in hills and forest to perceiving Muslims as the slaves of the British. In all the representations, the British is not presented as an oppressor, instead as a benevolent master. It is a metaphor of Kipling’s firm belief that the British were helping to civilize and educate a previously “savage” people. It disregards the fact that British colonization over India had ruined Islamic empire in India under Mogul Court sovereignty and ruined Indian economy and society organization.[Penelitian ini mengkaji empat cerita pendek Rudyard Kipling, “Wee Willie Winkie”, “The Recrudescence of Imray”, “The Story of Muhammad Din”, dan “Without Benefit of Clergy”. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan representasi Muslim dalam empat cerita pendek tersebut dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana gambaran tersebut merepresentasikan kolonisasi Inggris atas India. Metode yang digunakan adalah metodologi kajian tekstual dengan analisis naratif, analisis oposisi-biner, dan analisis ikonositas metaforis. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa representasi Muslim dalam empat cerita pendek tersebut merentang mulai dari muslim sebagai orang-orang jahat yang hidup di gunung dan hutan hingga sebagai budak orang Inggris. Dalam represestasi itu orang Inggris tidak pernah digambarkan sebagai

Rationale, design, and cohort enrolment of a prospective observational study of the clinical performance of the new contraceptive implant (Femplant in Pakistan

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Azmat SK

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Syed Khurram Azmat,1 Waqas Hameed,1 Anja Lendvay,2 Babar Tasneem Shaikh,3 Ghulam Mustafa,1 Muhammad Ahmed Siddiqui,1 Sajid Brohi,1 Asif Karim,1 Muhammad Ishaque,1 Wajahat Hussain,1 Mohsina Bilgrami,1 Paul J Feldblum2 1Research, Monitoring and Evaluation Department, Marie Stopes Society, Karachi, Pakistan; 2FHI 360, Durham, NC, USA; 3Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan Introduction: The use of hormonal implants has gained positive traction in family planning programs in recent times. Compared to other popular methods, such as long-term reversible intrauterine devices, the use of hormonal implants as a family planning method has distinct advantages in terms of long-term efficiency and better user compliance and availability. This paper presents a study protocol to document and evaluate the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of Femplant (contraceptive implant in Pakistan during the first year of its use among married women of reproductive age (18–44 years at clinics in two provinces of Pakistan (Sindh and Punjab. Materials and methods: A total of 724 married women were enrolled in a noncomparative prospective observational study. The study involved six government clinics from the Population Welfare Department in Sindh Province and 13 clinics run by the Marie Stopes Society (a local nongovernmental organization in both provinces. The participation of women was subject to voluntary acceptance and medical eligibility. All respondents were interviewed at baseline and subsequently at each scheduled visit during the study period. Side effects, complications and adverse events, if any, were recorded for every participant at each visit to the facility. Discussion: Over the next 5-year period (2013–2018, 27 million hormonal implants will be made available in lower- to middle-income countries by international donors and agencies. The evidence generated from this study will identify factors affecting the acceptability and satisfaction of end

Tradition et innovations esthétiques dans la nouvelle yéménite contemporaine Tradition and aesthetic innovations in contemporary Yemeni short stories

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Géraldine Jenvrin

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Le nouveau recueil de Mu/hammad ‘Abd al-Wakîl Jâzim témoigne d’une transformation capitale dans la littérature yéménite contemporaine :  le passage d’une forme expérimentale en rupture avec les règles de la nouvelle traditionnelle et avec la réalité yéménite, à une autre forme plus accomplie dans laquelle les principes traditionnels de la nouvelle sont ici associés sans complexe aux formes renouvelées du genre.  La nouvelle intitulée Le maître des vautours, présente, dans une structure narrative traditionnelle, un conte fantastique moderne qui mêle réalisme, symbolisme et poésie, et dans lequel l’auteur traite à sa manière les thèmes littéraires contemporains de la dualité du rêve et de la réalité, du désenchantement et de l’enfermement perpétuel.  C’est notamment en s’inspirant de la langue, des pratiques orales, des croyances et de l’imaginaire populaire, que l’auteur, soucieux de donner un ancrage au texte dans la réalité yéménite, transfigure cette expérience existentielle moderne.The latest collection of short stories by Mu/hammad 'Abd al-Wakîl signals a major shift in contemporary Yemeni literature: from an experimental form, breaking away from both traditional short story conventions and Yemeni reality, to another, more accomplished form, unabashedly mixing traditional short story principles with renewed genre forms. The short story entitled The Vulture Master presents us, from within a traditional narrative structure, with a modern fantasy tale blending in realism, symbolism and poetry, and where the writer deals in his own way with such contemporary literary themes as disenchantment, perpetual captivity, and the duality of dream and reality. Drawing his inspiration from language itself, oral practices, beliefs and popular imagery, the writer, seeking to set his tale firmly in Yemeni reality, manages to transfigure this modern existential experiment.

O Sufismo como dimensão mística do Islã

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Carlos Frederico Barboza de Souza

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Diante da realidade islâmica contemporânea e buscando estar atento às diversas vozes presentes no “outro”, este artigo tem em vista apresentar de forma sucinta o que é o Sufismo, pensando-o como uma possibilidade – entre muitas – de concretização das crenças islâmicas. Para tal, iniciar-se-á procurando compreender como a notícia acerca de sua existência chega ao Ocidente, ou seja, como os ocidentais o “descobrem”. A seguir, centrar-se-á na busca de compreender o Sufismo a partir de sua relação com o islamismo por meio de suas fontes primordiais: o Corão e o Profeta Muhammad. Por fim, este artigo apresentará brevemente alguns elementos que compõem e caracterizam o repertório de crenças e práticas de várias escolas Sufis tais como a busca da Unicidade Divina, a prática meditativa da recitação dos Nomes Divinos e a submissão à orientação de um “šayh”.Palavras-chave: Sufismo; Mística islâmica; Orientalismo ABSTRACTIn the face of the contemporary Islamic reality and seeking to be attentive to the diversity of voices that we can find in the “other”, this article aims to show briefly what Sufism is, thinking it as a possibility – amongst many – of the realization of the Islamic faith. To articulate this, the article will begin looking at understanding of how the news about its existence arrives in the West, that is, how westerners “discover” it. Then, the article will focus on the search to understand Sufism from its relationship with Islam through its primordial origins: the Koran and the Prophet Muhammad. Finally, this article will look briefly at some elements that make up and characterize the repertory of beliefs and practices of several Sufi schools, such as the search for the Divine Unicity, the meditative practice of the recitation of the Divine Names and the submission to a Šayh orientation.Key words: Sufism; Mystical Islamism; Orientalism.

Colon-targeted delivery of budesonide using dual pH- and time-dependent polymeric nanoparticles for colitis therapy

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Naeem M

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Naeem,1 Moonjeong Choi,1 Jiafu Cao,1 Yujeong Lee,1 Muhammad Ikram,2 Sik Yoon,2 Jaewon Lee,1 Hyung Ryong Moon,1 Min-Soo Kim,1 Yunjin Jung,1 Jin-Wook Yoo11College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 2Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South KoreaAbstract: Single pH-dependent drug delivery systems have been widely used for colon-targeted delivery, but their efficiency is often hampered by the variation in gut pH. To overcome the limitation of single pH-dependent delivery systems, in this study, we developed and evaluated the therapeutic potential of budesonide-loaded dual pH/time-dependent nanoparticles (NPs for the treatment of colitis. Eudragit FS30D was used as a pH-dependent polymer, and Eudragit RS100 as a time-dependent controlled release polymer. Single pH-dependent NPs (pH_NPs, single time-dependent NPs (Time_NPs, and dual pH/time-dependent NPs (pH/Time_NPs were prepared using the oil-in-water emulsion method. The physicochemical properties and drug release profiles of these NPs in gastrointestinal (GI tract conditions were investigated. The therapeutic potential and in vivo distribution of the NPs were evaluated in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS-induced colitis mice model. The pH/Time_NPs prevented a burst drug release in acidic pH conditions and showed sustained release at a colonic pH. The in vivo distribution study in the mice GI tract demonstrated that pH/Time_NPs were more efficiently delivered to the inflamed colon than pH_NPs were. Compared to the single pH_NPs-treated group, the pH/Time_NPs-treated group showed increased body weight and colon length and markedly decreased disease activity index, colon weight/length ratios, histological damage, and inflammatory cell infiltration in colon tissue. Our results demonstrate that the dual pH/time-dependent NPs are an effective oral colon-targeted delivery system for colitis therapy.Keywords: colon-specific delivery, dual-sensitive delivery

AL-QUR’AN SEBAGAI SUMBER PENGETAHUAN

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Siti Kusrini

2008-12-01

Full Text Available By studying the history of Prophet Muhammad SAW then it can be understood that he was a leading man in that time because it has implemented a moral revolution so as to lift the human level from the valley of moral damage to the highest level of morality. This historical approach can be gained by understanding that the Qur'an contains the most powerful force in helping human beings reach the spiritual, moral, social and intellectual heights that are central to the manifestation of the welfare of mankind and the whole of nature. To achieve the level of human morality in realizing the welfare of life is not enough just to read, interpret, and praise the Koran. More than that, the next important thing is we must observe, research, search, and explore the most powerful values in the Qur'an. The Qur'an as a source of knowledge about Islam, God, man, and nature, contains God's commands to humans in the form of the most holy values. These values become the foundation of life that requires application in the form of behavior, which its validity is not limited by time, place and certain atmosphere.   Dengan menelaah sejarah Nabi Muhammad SAW maka dapat dipahami bahwa beliau adalah orang terkemuka pada zaman itu karena telah melaksanakan revolusi moral sehingga mampu mengangkat derajat manusia dari lembah kerusakan moral ke tingkat akhlak yang paling tinggi. Pendekatan dari segi sejarah tersebut dapat diperoleh pemahaman bahwa al Quran mengandung kekuatan yang maha dahsyat dalam membantu manusia mencapai ketinggian spiritual, moral, sosial dan intelektual yang merupakan inti dalam perwujudan kesejahteraan umat manusia dan keseluruhan isi alam. Untuk mencapai tingkat akhlak manusia dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan hidup itu tidak cukup hanya dengan membaca, menafsirkan, dan memuji al Quran. Lebih dari itu, hal penting berikutnya adalah kita wajib mengamati, meneliti, mencari, dan menggali nilai-nilai yang maha dahsyat dalam al Quran. Al Quran sebagai sumber

Fundamentally Danish?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Henkel, Heiko

2010-01-01

A closer look at the Muhammad cartoon crisis illuminates some of the key issues that were, and continue to be, at stake for the various actors in the public contestations over the legitimate place of Muslims (and the Islamic tradition) in Danish society. Using a conceptual framework developed...... by Axel Honneth, I suggest in this article that the cartoon crisis is part of an ongoing struggle for recognition in Denmark, through which the terms by which Muslims residing in Denmark are recognized as legitimate citizens/residents of Danish society are negotiated—and on which Muslims may recognize...... the demands of Danish majority society as legitimate. As much as the cartoon affair was an event that, as Palle Weis (2006) writes, “suddenly” ruptured Danish society in 2005, it was therefore also part of a process that continues to shape social actors and their relationships....

KLASİK OSMANLI TÜRKÇESİYLE YAZILMIŞ BİR DİL YADİGÂRI: MUHAMMED KONEVÎ’NİN HEDİYYETÜ’L-MÜLÛK’Ü

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Şermin KALAFAT

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Özet Bu çalışmada Klasik Osmanlı Türkçesi ile yazılmış, Muhammed Konevî’nin Hediyyetü’l-Mülûk adlı eseri üzerine bir dil incelemesi (ses ve biçim özellikleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca eserdeki mevcut astronomi terimleri de sözlük olarak verilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuna da eserin çeviri yazısı eklenmiştir. Abstract This study examines the phonetic and morphologic features of Muhammad Qunawī’s work named Hadiyyatu’l-Mulūk written in Classical Ottoman Turkish. The article has a brief dictionary listing the astronomical terms used in the work. Moreover, an English translation of the work has been added at the end.

‘On the Empire of Money’ : The Representation of Money in Arab - Islamic Culture 1

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Oladosu A yinde Afis

2016-10-01

Full Text Available This paper is premised on the assumption that scholarly studies on al-Māl (money and its role in human lives have largely been seen to be the exclusive preserve of social science scholars. This has consequently led to the elision of other perspectives, particularly the cultural, on the category. This paper therefore attempts to fill that gap. It begins with a review of the literal meanings of al-Mālin Muslim and non- Muslim cultures, the jurisprudential construction of the concept and insightful perspectives from, among others, C. Turner, W. Muhammad and M. Plessner. Using works of Abī Tayyib al-Mutannabī and Aḥmad Shawqī as cultural sites, the paper subsequently anchors its discussion of humanity’s notions of money on three axes: money as a necessity, money as a sociological referent and money as the essence of existence

İSLMİYET'İN YAYILMASINDA HİCRETİN ÖNEMİ: HABEŞİSTAN HİCRETLERİ ÖRNEĞİ

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Levent ÖZTÜRK

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Migrations to the Ethiopia which had been before the Muhammad's migration tothe Medina laid out to the separation of Islam in the nearby the Arabic Peninsula,although their migration had been to get the al-aman (protection themselves.Refugees to the Ethiopia, first of all, granted the religious and spiritual freedom inthe country, which governed by Christians. Since the historical epoch that theMaccanian polytheist tried to have the emigrants return back, Ethiopian Christianswere interested in Islam. They also sent to Medina an assembly. Subsequently theytry to recognize Islam closely. These efforts raised some considerable resultsthough Ethiopian Church's oppressions. At first Ashame, Ethiopian king andsome high officials in the court embraced Islam. Additionally, after embracingIslam, some assemblies came to Medina. All these development show us thatrefugees contributed to the separation of Islam in a Christian country, besides ofArabian Peninsula.

PEMBENTUKAN MASYARAKAT MADANI DI INDONESIA MELALUI CIVIC EDUCATION

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Farid Wajdi Ibrahim

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Civil society is often positioned as the ideal pattern of community life. From the historical aspect, the Islamic thinkers usually refers to the condition of civil society such as on the condition of Medina under the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad Ṣallallāh ‘alayh wa Sallam. Ideal concept of civil society is driven by a variety of many aspects including the pattern of the life of society, nation that refers to the rule of law, human rights, and respect for diversity in all its forms (pluralism. Certainly not an easy thing to realize the ideal society as the concept of civil society in such a way. It requires a serious effort, continuous and consistent from the variety and facets, one of which is a crucial aspect of civic education (civic education. These issues are the focus of discussion of this article.

International Trust and Public Diplomacy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mogensen, Kirsten

as described by Brewer, Gross, Aday and Willnat (2004). The paper is based on case studies of five Public Diplomacy activities: Iranian President Hassan Rouhani’s letter in The Washington Post (2013); Denmark’s trust-building effort in Pakistan following the so-called “Muhammad crisis” (from 2010); The British......-level (Iran) or has created a framework for people-to-people relations (Denmark, UK and USA). A backlash was experienced in the case where a foreign state leader patronized the national leader (Russia). In all cases, respect for people in other countries despite differences in culture seems fundamental...... Council’s strategy for trust-building in China (2012); Russian President Vladimir Putin’s letter in The New York Times (2013), and the USA’s trust-building effort in Turkey (from 2006). The best results have been obtained where Public Diplomacy has been linked to successful traditional diplomacy at state...

Electrification in rural Bangladesh. A comprehensive analysis on Grameen Shakti's energy for the poor-business model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weimar, Niclas D.H.

2010-07-01

People in industrialized countries enjoy nowadays the luxurious advantages of energy. Electricity has converted the former preindustrial economies and societies into highly industrialized, mechanized and automated ones. On the contrary, many rural areas in developing countries are suffering from the heavy lack of access to energy, such as Bangladesh. Grameen Shakti, a subsidiary of the world famous Grameen family set up by Nobel Laureate Muhammad Yunus, has created a market for renewable energy technologies in Bangladesh, though not in the industrial and commercial areas but in the very poor and energy-starved rural areas of the country. By employing a special market-based business model, Grameen Shakti provides rural households with access to renewable energy technologies and thus with electricity. The objective of this study is the analysis and depiction of the functionality of this business model, its structural aspects, implications as well as replication potential. (orig.)

Morality and Intimate Partner Violence: Do Men in Court-Mandated Psychological Treatment Hold a Sacred Moral Vision of the World and Themselves?

Science.gov (United States)

Vecina, María L; Chacón, José C

2016-01-01

This article examines the characterization of men in a court-mandated treatment for violence against their partners as holding a sacred vision of the 5 moral foundations and of their own morality. This characterization is compatible with the assumption that a sacred moral world is easily threatened by reality and that may be associated to violent defensive actions. The results from latent class analyses reveal (a) a 4-class distribution depending exclusively on the intensity with which all participants (violent and nonviolent) tend to sacralize the actions proposed in the Moral Foundations Sacredness Scale and (b) a greater prevalence of the violent participants among the classes that are more prone to sacralize. They also show that they hold an inflated moral vision of themselves: They think they are much more moral than intelligent than others who have never been charged with criminal behavior (Muhammad Ali effect).

METAPHOR AS A STYLISTIC DEVICE OF ISLAMIC TEACHING

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Jumino Suhadi

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Metafor Sebagai Sarana Stilistika Pembelajaran Islam. Artikel ini membahas tentang berbagai tipe metafora yang terdapat dalam ayat-ayat suci al-Qur’an dan Hadis berdasarkan kerangka teori sastra dan linguistik modern. Sumber data utama dalam studi ini terdiri dari ayat-ayat suci al-Qur’an yang diterjemahkan dalam Bahasa Inggris oleh Abdullah Yusuf Ali dan beberapa matan Hadis dari buku kumpulan Hadis karangan Habib Muhammad al-Haddar. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk memaparkan bukti kuat bahwa metafora merupakan alat stilistika ‘stylistic device’ yang dipergunakan secara luas dalam al-Qur’an dan al-Hadis dalam menyampaikan ajaran Islam. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa semua tipe metafora dalam arti luas terdapat dalam berbagai ayat suci al-Qur’an dan al-Hadis. Argumen tersebut menurut penulis merupakan bukti yang sangat meyakinkan bahwa metafora merupakan salah satu alat stilistika dalam menyampaikan ajaran Islam.

GENDER JUSTICE AND CULTURAL DIMENSION OF RELIGION, A PROPOSAL TO APPLY THE PROPHETIC TRADITION (THE HADITH IN PROMOTING GENDER JUSTICE AMONG INDONESIAN MUSLIMS

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Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir

2011-12-01

Full Text Available By arguing that religion as interpretative culture of people in their context, suggested by Clifford Geertz, this paper proposes an interpretation-oriented approach to the texts of the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad rather than a critical-deconstructive approach. The interpretation-oriented approach focuses on positive reading towards the hadith that advocates issues of gender justice; whether through selecting classical methods of interpretation or applying contemporary methods suggested by progressive Muslims. As this approach does not challenge the authority of the hadith, which is accepted culturally by majority of Muslims as second source after the Quran, cultural works for gender justice are assumed to be relatively more flexible and can be further maximized. By doing so, I argue that this cultural dimension of religion –accepting its sources and working on the field of interpreting them-should be considered in promoting gender justice among Indonesian Muslims.

REKONSTRUKSI JARGON FORMALISASI SYARIAT: UPAYA MENJAGA PERSATUAN DALAM BINGKAI KEBERAGAMAN

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Lufaefi

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the urgency of reconstructing idea on the formalization of Islamic sharia and the future of Indonesia. Formalization of Islamic law which is proposed by Islamic fundamentalist group as the solution of the various problems faced by the people living in the nation-state context needed should be contextualized with the reality of Indonesia as the plural country. By using critical analysis approach on the various argument of the fundamentalist group, which then contextualize with the reality of diversity in Indonesia, revealed that formalization of Islamic sharia is not a solution. Khilafah system will not be able to be forced to be implemented in Indonesia. Interpretation of the text about politics and government must be taken serious attention to be reviewed. In the history of the implementation of Islamic government and Islamic ideology as implemented by the Prophet Muhammad PbUH in Arab is really different with the Indonesian background which is plural.

Lesley Hazleton's Book "The First Muslim-The Story of Muhammad”: a Critical Review(Urdu

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Muḥammad Islam

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Allah sent his prophets for the guidance of the Human beings. Prophet Muḥammad (SAW was the last of them. In the short span of only twenty three years, he changed the scenario of the world through the teachings of Islam. Apart from countless Muslims, the Non Muslim scholars also wrote about his life. Lesley Hazleton is a Non Muslims scholar wrote "The First Muslim-The Story of Muhammad". This book is divided into three parts; 1 The Orphan, 2 Exile & 3 The Leader. She expressed her views about the Prophet in her book openly. Many times she praises the prophet (SAW for his achievements but like her successors, she criticizes his life. Sometimes she criticizes the family (forefathers of the prophet, sometimes, in soft words criticizes the family life and polygamy of the Prophet (SAW. This research paper discusses her approach to the life of the Prophet (Seerah in the light of her book.

Pemetaan Kinerja Relatif Kepemimpian Kepala Daerah terhadap Sifat Kepemimpinan Rasulullah SAW

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Rakhmat Ceha

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This article proposes a model of performance measurement (mapping is based on the four leadership qualities of Prophet Muhammad SAW, they are shiddig, talbligh, amanah and fathanah. The case study used is the implementation of the leadership of the three head region Municipality (kabupaten of West Java province. Assessment process begins with identifying the variables or criteria along with unit size of each trait Prophet. Furthermore, the survey was conducted in the target study, the city of A, B, and C. For mapping, use the concept of calculation developed by a team of Technology Atlas Project-Unitet Nation and eventually can be calculated Leadership Index (IK for each of the leadership in their respective regions. IK illustrates the relative levels of leadership according to the views of the community, whether it is in compliance with the nature of leadership that ha according to the views of the community s been exemplified by the Rasulullah.

Pendidikan Islam dalam konsep prophetic intelligence

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Hayat

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Intelligence has connectivity to the educational process as a concrete step in the development of human character as caliph in the world to think of all God ‘s creation. Islamic education teaches a life of meaning to the concept of “amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar”. It is really clear that various concepts in Islamic education are not adjusted enough with the development period that is increasingly sophisticated and globalized. Islamic civilization has been built since the Prophet Muhammad SAW, and other thinkers in teaching a sense of knowledge that is based on Al- Quran and Al - Hadits as the main guideline. Prophetic Intelligence provides illustration that in transforming education through the concrete steps for being “insan Kamil” that is “rahmatan lil alamin”. Intelligence Prophetic provides illustration that in transforming education through the concrete steps for being ‘Insan Kamil’ that is ‘rahmatan lil alamin’.

The Alliance between Mengu-Timur and Abaga: The Problem of Sources Interpretation and Translation of Persian and Turkic Terms in Arabic Texts (on the example of “Collection of Materials Relating to the Golden Horde History. Volume I. Excerpts from the Arabic Writings” composed by V.G. Tiesenhausen »

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Damirdzhan Zainuddinov

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The article deals with the problem of translation of Persian and Turkic lexical units in Arabic texts written between the 13th and 16th centuries. Author examines as an example an excerpt from the work of Ibn Khaldun (732/1332 – 808/1406 translated by V.G. Tiesenhausen. The author provides comments to the given translation and presents his own translation. The author also presents original analysis of the source both about the relations between Golden Horde and Constantinople and on the battle of Homs in 680 AH between Mangu Timur, son of Hulagu, and the Mamluk sultan al-Mansur. The author tries to prove that Mengu-Timur, son of Togan, did not participate in that war. This article also presents new sources of such authors as Yunini Kutb ad-din Musa ibn Muhammad (640/1242 – 726/1326, Yafi’I Abdulla ibn As’ad (698 – 768 AH and bibliographic collection of al-Markisi Taki ad-din (died in 845 AH.

The Alliance between Mengu-Timur and Abaga: The Problem of Sources Interpretation and Translation of Persian and Turkic Terms in Arabic Texts (on the example of “Collection of Materials Relating to the Golden Horde History. Volume I. Excerpts from the Arabic Writings” composed by V.G. Tiesenhausen »

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Damirdzhan Zainuddinov

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The article deals with the problem of translation of Persian and Turkic lexical units in Arabic texts written between the 13th and 16th centuries. Author examines as an example an excerpt from the work of Ibn Khaldun (732/1332 – 808/1406 translated by V.G. Tiesenhausen. The author provides comments to the given translation and presents his own translation. The author also presents original analysis of the source both about the relations between Golden Horde and Constantinople and on the battle of Homs in 680 AH between Mangu Timur, son of Hulagu, and the Mamluk sultan al-Mansur. The author tries to prove that Mengu-Timur, son of Togan, did not participate in that war. This article also presents new sources of such authors as Yunini Kutb ad-din Musa ibn Muhammad (640/1242 – 726/1326, Yafi’I Abdulla ibn As’ad (698 – 768 AH and bibliographic collection of al-Markisi Taki ad-din (died in 845 AH.

PARADIGMA INTEGRATIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA MI

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Irham Nugroho

2016-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Knowledge is intrinsically comes from Allah SWT which is revealed to Prophet Muhammad SAW and is embodied in Al Qur’an. Paradigm is a group of values which form one’s thought as his or her starting point of view so that it will form one’s subjective image – about a reality – which finally will determine how this one responds the reality. Human should not ever stop thinking about him/her self, his/her surrounding, and (the most important The Creator. Islam taught its followers to always undertake studies on behavior or any rotation and changes happen, either on natural phenomenon or what happen amongst human beings.   Science teaching in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic Elementary School should instill moral values that educate students to become caracterized. It can be undertaken by science teaching using integrated bayani, burhani, and irfani approach. Keyword: science teaching, integrated bayani burhani irfani approach.

EFFECTIVENESS OF RUQYAH SYAR’IYYAH ON PHYSICAL DISEASE TREATMENT IN RIAU PROVINCE

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Adynata Adynata

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Ruqyah Syar’iyyah is one of Sunnah Prophet Muhammad in treating diseases and disorders syaithan, that is by reciting Al-Qur’an verses and praying. Most Muslims understand that ruqyah Syar’iyyah is only effectively treat non-medical disease or illness caused by psychiatric disorders and jin, whereas medical illness to be treated by medical means, Though al-Qur’an Surat al-Isra’ verses 82 mentions that al-Qur’an is as a bidder (a cure and a mercy for believers without distinction of medications for non-medical or medical illness. Based on the research of writer in 2015, there are two methods ruqyah Syar’iyyah in Riau Province, which is manual method and practical Qur’anic Healing method. In fact, there are many chronic medical illnesses cannot be treated by doctors, but these diseases can be treated and cured by ruqyah without being accompanied by medication. Thus, ruqyah Syar’iyyah is not only effectively treat mental illness, but also effectively treat medical ailments

The meaning of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize. Microcredit evangelism, health, and social policy.

Science.gov (United States)

Bond, Patrick

2007-01-01

The awarding of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize to Muhammad Yunus, founder of the Grameen Bank, provides an opportunity to consider the use and abuse of microfinancing, especially because credit continues to be touted as a poverty-reduction strategy associated with health education and health care financing strategies. Not only is the Grameen diagnosis of poverty dubious, but many structural problems also plague the model, ranging from financial accounting to market failures. In Southern Africa, to illustrate, microcredit schemes for peasants and small farmers have been attempted for more than 70 years, on the basis that modem capitalism and peasant/informal system gaps can be bridged by an expanded financial system. The results have been disappointing. A critical reading of political economy posits an organic linkage between the "developed" and "underdeveloped" economies that is typically not mitigated by capitalist financial markets, but instead is often exacerbated. When applied to health and social policy, microcredit evangelism becomes especially dangerous.

Bioethics for clinicians: 21. Islamic bioethics

Science.gov (United States)

Daar, Abdallah S.; Khitamy, A.

2001-01-01

ISLAMIC BIOETHICS DERIVES FROM A COMBINATION OF PRINCIPLES, duties and rights, and, to a certain extent, a call to virtue. In Islam, bioethical decision-making is carried out within a framework of values derived from revelation and tradition. It is intimately linked to the broad ethical teachings of the Qur'an and the tradition of the Prophet Muhammad, and thus to the interpretation of Islamic law. In this way, Islam has the flexibility to respond to new biomedical technologies. Islamic bioethics emphasizes prevention and teaches that the patient must be treated with respect and compassion and that the physical, mental and spiritual dimensions of the illness experience be taken into account. Because Islam shares many foundational values with Judaism and Christianity, the informed Canadian physician will find Islamic bioethics quite familiar. Canadian Muslims come from varied backgrounds and have varying degrees of religious observance. Physicians need to recognize this diversity and avoid a stereotypical approach to Muslim patients. PMID:11202669

Judicial Activism in the Context of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution: Emerging Conceptions of Femininity and Masculinity

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Monika Lindbekk

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This article investigates gender implications of judicial activism within the context of the 2011 revolution. Relying on analysis of a sample of judicial decisions in the field of divorce and child-rearing, I argue that individual judges used the family courts as a platform to articulate alternative legal discourses prior to the 2011 revolution. During the period between February 2011 and the military coup in July 2013 family legislation emerged as a controversial point. The period witnessed the mobilisation of small but vocal fathers’ rights groups that called for a revolution in Egyptian family law and formed strategic alliances with a handful of judges. The latter became members of a legislative committee formed under the presidency of Muhammad Mursi. I investigate the gender implications of their activism against a background where old and new actors and institutions competed over the right to interpret shari’a in an authoritative way.

A new paradigm of cardiovascular risk factor modification

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Muhammad Firdaus

2005-07-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Firdaus1, Jeffery M Asbury2, Dwight W Reynolds21Donald W Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Section, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USAAbstract: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs are the leading cause of death and disability in the United States. While multiple studies have demonstrated that modification of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs significantly reduces morbidity and mortality rates, clinical control of CVDs and CVRFs remains poor. By 2010, the American Heart Association seeks to reduce coronary heart disease, stroke, and risk by 25%. To meet this goal, clinical practitioners must establish new treatment paradigms for CVDs and CVRFs. This paper discusses one such treatment model – a comprehensive atherosclerosis program run by physician extenders (under physician supervision, which incorporates evidence-based CVD and CVRF interventions to achieve treatment goals.Keywords: atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk factors, prevention, modification

Introducing an Unknown Tazkereh Ma’aref al-‘Arefin

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m Irajpour

2014-05-01

This work, written by Muhammad Kazim Tabrizi pen named “Asrar”, is about the biography of almost fifty famous mystics contemporary with the author which besides their biography includes some examples of their sayings and sometimes some parts of their poems and works. The organization of this work is based on the biography of Poles born after Shah Ne’mat Allah Vali and because of this the author has divided the book into seven chapters and named each chapter “Ta’refeh”. Acquaintance with influential figures in Qajar mysticism and Sufism some of whom have been mentioned for the first time in this work, an unknown ratification took place in Ne’mat Allahi dynasty and mentioned only in this work and autobiography of Asrar Tabrizi are the most important issues which are discussed in this research in detail.

Benefits of Giving (A Book Review Using Islamic Perspective

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M. Hamdar Arraiyyah

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This writing is a book review. It discusses a book entitled Give and Take. The book introduces a new approach to success. It makes three categories of people in doing interaction or communication. They are takers, matchers, and givers. The writer of the book, Adam Grant, explains the principles and characteristics of each category. He shows a lot of facts to prove that being a giver brings benefits for people and the doer as well. The objects of giving here comprise different kinds help like wealth, ideas, knowledge, skills and information. Therefore, he motivates people to become givers. In this connection, the reviewer would like to show that Islamic religion also motivates its followers to give helps to others. Though, there are some similarities and differences between the benefits of giving mentioned in the book and the verses of the Holy Qur’an and the sayings of Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon him.

Returning Images: Mandela, Marikana and the Rugged Road to the Future

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Annalisa Oboe

2014-11-01

Full Text Available It is only appropriate to begin with his face. The intense, rainbow-colored Mandela portrait that opens this issue is the work of a young Indonesian digital artist, Ihsanulhakim, who captures a serious, reflective and aged version of the South African leader. The writing on the top left of the image is a quote from Mandela’s famous reflection on death translated into Indonesian: “Death is something inevitable. When a man has done what he considers to be his duty to his people and his country, he can rest in peace”.[1] [1] RIP Nelson Mandela © Muhammad Ihsanulhakim. I wish to thank the artist for generously allowing Altre Modernità to reproduce his work. The quote is from an interview for the documentary “Mandela”, 1994, in Nelson Mandela by Himself: The Authorised Book of Quotations © 2010 by Nelson R. Mandela and The Nelson Mandela Foundation.

Trick or treat? Muslim Thangals, psychologisation and pragmatic realism in northern Kerala, India.

Science.gov (United States)

Lang, Claudia

2014-12-01

Thangals are an endogamous community in Kerala, India, of Yemeni heritage who claim direct descent from the Prophet Muhammad's family. Due to their sacrosanct status, many thangals work as religious healers and thus are part of the informal mental health care system in Northern Kerala. Using the case of one thangal healer as an illustration of the many ritual healers in Kerala who engage the modern discourse of psychology in their practices, I argue that the psychologisation of ritual healing is part of a wider trend: the increasing rationalisation and scientification of traditional medical practices, whereby an increasing number of traditional healers negotiate science, modernity and religion and position their practice within these contested fields. Based on the analysis of this thangal's healing practice in the local context of Northern Kerala, I further argue that in order to understand "ritual" healing, scholars should emphasise pragmatic realism more than doctrinal purity. © The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

The Development in al-Ghazālī's Epistemology

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Mustafa Mahmoud Abu-Sway

1994-12-01

Full Text Available The paper is concerned with the development in al-Ghazālī's theory of knowledge, which evolved through various stages. Both al-Ghazālī’s life and writings reflect this development. As a student, he began his academic life with an interest in traditional Islamic studies such as jurisprudence. After he assumed his first teaching position at the Nizāmīyah school of Baghdad he became a methodological skeptic, a situation which prompted him to study all schools of thought available at the time in search for peremptory knowledge (‘ilm al-yaqīn. From skepticism he moved to Sufism, and finally there are indications that he ended up studying the traditions (Ḥadith of Prophet Muhammad (SAS, which led many to claim that he shifted to the methodology of the traditionalists [ahl al-hadīth] and that he abandoned Sufism.

PENYIMPANGAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DAN PRINSIP KESOPANAN WACANA KARTUN PADA BUKU POLITIK SANTUN DALAM KARTUN KARYA MUHAMMAD MICE MISRAD

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Azizah Malikha Yunitawati

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This study deals with the violation of cooperative politeness principle of cartoon discourse found in Politik Santun Dalam Kartun by Misrad. The objectives of the study are as follows: (1 to identify the violation of cooperative principle; (2 to describe the violation of politeness principle; and (3 to describe the pedagogical implication in learning Indonesian language at vocational high school. This is a qualitative research. The data in the form of words, sentences, and discourse both monologues and dialogues containing violation of cooperative and politeness principle. Technique of collecting data used is documentation and technique of data analysis used is comparison and contrast technique. The results are as follows: (1 there are three types of violation of cooperative principles, namely: maxim of quantity, relevance, and manner. The violation of quantity maxim is dominant; (2 the violation of politeness principle covers six types, namely: tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympath maxim.

Information of “Nukhbat al-dahr fi ‘aja’ib al-barr wa-al-bahr” by ad-Dimashqi about the Turkic Tribes of Dasht-i Kipchak »

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Z.S. Ilyasova

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article introduced into academic circulation information of such a historical source as “Nukhbat al-dahr fi ‘aja’ib al-barr wa-al-bahr” (Excerpts of Time on the Marvels of the Land and Sea on Kipchak clans and Turkic tribes of Dasht-i Kipchak. The material of the study is drawn from this source. Main scientific result of this work was the source’s translation into Russian accompanied by scientific comments. Sheikh Shams al-Din Abu Abdallah Muhammad Abu Talib al-Ansari al-Sufi al-Dimashqi was the author of this work. Some scholars have mistakenly confuse him with another chronicler named Shihab al-Din Ahmad ibn Yahya Ibn Fadlallah al-Omari al-Dimashqi. There is a widespread misconception that while writing on Kipchak clans and Turkic tribes al-Dimashqi used the data of such an author as Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Yahya al-Ansari al-Qutub al-Warraq al-Vatvat, also known as Ahmad al-Tini. After had studying the manuscripts of al-Tini and al-Dimashqi, we did not notice the connection between these two authors regarding their information about Kipchak clans and Turkic tribes of Dasht-i Kipchak. After had studying the information about Kipchak clans and Turkic tribes of Dasht-i Kipchak, we put forward the theory that 16 ethnonyms previously identified as Kipchak clans, are actually the etnonyms of eight Kipchak clans and eight Turkic tribes. The article also contains the extraction from “Nukhbat al-dahr fi ‘aja’ib al-barr wa-al-bahr” regarding the geography of Dasht-i Kipchak and the countries inhabited by the Turks. The following data are unique in this source: 1. The text describes such rivers as Ceyhun (Amu Darya, Seyhun (Syr Darya, Itil (Volga, as well as Khorezm and Khazar Seas (Aral and Caspian Seas. 2. Additionally, this text lists the following Turkic peoples: al-Kharlukhiya (Karluks, al-Khirgaziya (Kyrgyz, al-Kaymakiya (Kimaks, al-Guzziya (Oguz, al-Bazhanakiya (Pechenegs, al-Tuguzguziya (Uighurs, al-Khulkhiya (?, al

Role of magnetic resonance planimetry and magnetic resonance parkinsonism index in discriminating Parkinson’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy: a retrospective study based on 1.5 and 3 T MRI

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Nizamani WM

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Waseem Mehmood Nizamani,1 Fatima Mubarak,1 Muhammad Danish Barakzai,1 Muhammad Saad Ahmed2 1Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, 2Department of Radiology, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan Objective: The objective of the study was to assess magnetic resonance (MR planimetric measurements and MR parkinsonism index (MRPI in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP from Parkinson’s disease (PD using 1.5 and 3 T MRI scanner. Subjects and methods: After ethical approval was obtained, analysis of 34 consecutive patients with PSP, 34 patients with PD and 34 healthy controls (HCs was performed. HCs were age-matched adults without any history of neurodegenerative disease or movement disorders. Retrospective data from the past 10 years (from January 2006 to December 2015 were obtained from the Hospital Information Management System, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. The measurements of pons area–midbrain area ratio (P/M and MCP width–superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP width ratio (MCP/SCP were used, and MRPI was calculated by the formula ([P/M]×[MCP/SCP]. Results: Midbrain area and SCP width in patients with PSP (19 males, 15 females; mean age =66.7 years were significantly (P<0.001 smaller than in patients with PD (20 males, 14 females; mean age =66.7 years and control participants (17 males, 17 females; mean age =66.1 years. P/M and MCP/SCP were significantly higher in patients with PSP than in patients with PD and control participants. All measurements showed some overlap of values between patients with PSP and patients from PD group and control participants. MRPI value was significantly higher in patients with PSP (mean 21.00 than in patients with PD (mean 9.50; P<0.001 and control participants (mean 9.6; P<0.001, without any overlap of values among groups. No correlation was found between the duration of disease, PSP rating scale, PSP staging system and MRPI in

Perceptions of students in different phases of medical education of the educational environment: Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

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Rahman NIA

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Nor Iza A Rahman, Aniza Abd Aziz, Zainal Zulkifli, Muhammad Arshad Haj, Farah Hanani Binti Mohd Nasir, Sharvina Pergalathan, Muhammad Ismail Hamidi, Salwani Ismail, Nordin Bin Simbak, Mainul Haque Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia Background: The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM was planned and designed to quantify the educational environment precisely for medical schools and health-related professional schools. DREEM is now considered a valid and reliable tool, which is globally accepted for measuring the medical educational environment. The educational environment encountered by students has an impact on satisfaction with the course of study, perceived sense of well-being, aspirations, and academic achievement. In addition to being measurable, the educational environment can also be changed, thus enhancing the quality of medical education and the environment, and the medical education process. The objective of this study was to assess the educational environment of the Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA undergraduate medical program from the students’ perspective. The study expected to explore UniSZA medical students’ overall perceptions, perceptions of learning, teachers, atmosphere, academic self-perception, and social self-perception using the DREEM questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study the perceptions of the students toward the educational environment of UniSZA as a new medical school, using the DREEM questionnaire. All medical students of UniSZA from Years I–V enrolled in the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery programs were the target population (n=270. Therefore, the universal sampling technique was used. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 20 software. This study obtained ethical clearance from the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UniSZA. Results: A total of 195 out of 270 students responded

التعبير القرآني في قصة مريم (عليها السلام Quranic expression in the story of Mary (peace be upon her

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Dr. Ahlam Fadel Abboud د. أحلام فاضل عبود

2015-06-01

Full Text Available There are multiple aspects of the dialogue in the story of Mary (AS are: 1-Mary mother of dialogue with God Almighty. Angels 7 dialogue with Mary (p. 2 Zakaria dialogue with God. 8 dialogue Mary (p with itself. 3 dialogue Mary (p with God says of. 9-dialogue or Ghebraúalma Mariam Isa (AS 4 speech Allah Almighty to Prophet Muhammad . 10-Mary dialogue (p with her people. 5 Zakaria dialogue with Mary (p. 11 Assa dialogue with folk 6. dialogue with the angels Zakaria. We will discuss in a detailed search last of these aspects, God willing. In the story of Mary (AS gloss inspired them a lesson and sermon in the consolidation of recurrence of these meanings, including: First: It concludes depending on God Almighty God may be in His help in all its affairs. Second: The cut off to the worship of one God Almighty and humbled heart God reassured him in degree Alosfia and close the Almighty said: oaz angels said: O Mary, God has chosen you and purified thee and chosen thee above the women Alim Imran / 42. Third: The Almighty God simplifies the provision for whom He wills without account, he says: kellma entered her Zakariamihrab found sustenance then said, O Mary, that I said to you this is from God, that God is alive and he wants without Hsab Imran / 37. Fourth: The mercy of God and the wide range and ability does not Aadzha everything in the heavens and the earth, and if he wants God something said to him, 'Be Creating Isa  without a father as creation before Adam  is or is not the father and the creation of Eve from a father without a mother he says: qal well God creates what He wills If he decrees a thing he says to it Be Vicu Imran / 47 and the words of the Almighty: qal also said RBC is Ali Hin and make him a sign for mankind and a mercy from us and was very Mqzia Mary / 21 and the Almighty said:  ... If he decrees a thing he says to it Be Vicu Mary / 35 Glory to God for what they describe There is

Christian identity of secular Europe

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Malešević Miroslava

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy began after twelve editorial cartoons, most of which depicted the Islamic prophet Muhammad, were published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten on September 30, 2005. The newspaper explained that this publication was a contribution to debate regarding criticism of Islam and self-censorship. In response, Danish Muslim organizations held public protests and spread knowledge of Jyllands-Postens publication. As the controversy grew, some or all of the cartoons were reprinted in newspapers in more than fifty other countries, which led to violent protests, particularly in the Muslim world. Critics of the cartoons describe them as islamophobic and argue that they are blasphemous, intended to humiliate a marginalized Danish minority, and a manifestation of ignorance about the history of western imperialism, from colonialism to the current conflicts in the Middle East. Supporters of the cartoons claim they illustrate an important issue in an age of Islamic extremist terrorism and that their publication is a legitimate exercise of the right of free speech. They also note that similar cartoons about other religions are frequently printed, arguing that the followers of Islam were not targeted in a discriminatory way. The dispute has again pointed out to the relevance of religion and religious differences in the contemporary world. Again, several questions presented themselves as significant: citizen freedom, values and the rights to exercise them, secularism, tolerance, multiculturalism majority-minority relationships and so on. The resolution to these issues appears as of the outmost importance, considering the existing tendencies of united Europe to even more firmly establish cultural, economic, and political associations, in order to launch a one, joined European identity with vanishing national, ethnic and religious differences. Therefore, the question becomes: what could serve as a foundation for

Characterization and Quantification of Deposit Build-up and Removal in Straw Suspension-Fired Boilers - Ph.d. thesis Muhammad Shafique Bashir

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Shafique Bashir, Muhammad

An increased use of biomass in large suspension-red power plants can be a relatively economic and potentially also efficient way to utilize biomass for heat and power production. However, large deposit formation problems limit the electrical efficiency by limiting the maximum applicable superheat...

ESTETIKA KESENIAN TERBANG PAPAT DALAM TRADISI KARNAVAL AMPYANG MAULUD NABI MUHAMMAD SAW DI DESA LORAM KULON KECAMATAN JATI KABUPATEN KUDUS

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Idih Tri Relianto

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Maraknya kesenian modern yang berkembang dimasyarakat pada saat ini, berakibat terhadap merosotnya eksistensi kesenian daerah. Meskipun demikian karena adanya kearipan lokal diantaranya ada yang masih bertahan. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penelitian peneliti merumuskan permasalahan diantaranya :estetika kesenian terbang papat dalam tradisi karnaval ampyang,bagaimana bentuk interaksi simbolik masyarakat terhadap kesenian terbang papat dalam tradisi karnaval ampyang. Metode penelitian yang dipakai peneliti adalah metode kualitatif dengan memusatkan pada metode riset lapangan, dalam hal ini teknik pengumpulan data dialakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi, teknik studi dokumen, Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh hal ini dapat disimpulankan sebagai berikut. Dilihat dari segi penampilan antara lain : bentuk esetika kesenian terbang papat terletak pada instrumennya, pola pukulan, teknik permainan, juga pesan dari syair yang dilagukan. Ditemukan dua motif pola irama terbang papat yaitu motif gombrang dan motif krangen, keunikan yang lain adalah pada instrument jedor, seniman terbang papat pada saat memainkan alat musik terbang papat harus dapat menguasai nada dan syair terlebih dahulu. Bentuk dari interaksi sosial masyarakat adalah ditemukan beberapa rangkaian acara terbang papat dalam tradisi karnaval ampyang yaitu; nganten mubeng gapuro padurekso, tradisi nasi kepel, tradisi loram bersholawat atau tradisi albarzanji, dan juga Loram ekspo. The rise of modern art that developed in the community at this time, causes a decline in the existence of local arts. How everdue to the local genius some of which still survive. Based on this background, the study research hers formulate problem ssuch as:aesthetics art terbang papat in ampyang carnival tradition, how the forms of social interaction on the terbang papat art in the tradition of carnival ampyang. The research method is a method of observation, document study techniques, Based on the data obtainedit can be concluded as follows. In terms of appearance among others: esetika art form terbang papat located on the instrument, pattern punch, playing techniques, also the message of the poemsung. Found two motifs terbang papat rhythm patterns and motifs baggy motifs Krangen, another unique nessison jedor instruments, artists terbang papat when playing a musical instrument terbang papat should be able to master the tone and lyrics first. Forms of social interaction is found terbang papat a series of events in the carnival tradition ampyang namely; nganten mubeng gapuro padurekso, nasi kepel tradition, tradition or tradition sloram bersholawatal barzanji, and also loram expo Maraknya kesenian modern yang berkembang dimasyarakat pada saat ini, berakibat terhadap merosotnya eksistensi kesenian daerah. Meskipun demikian karena adanya kearipan lokal diantaranya ada yang masih bertahan. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut penelitian peneliti merumuskan permasalahan diantaranya :estetika kesenian terbang papat dalam tradisi karnaval ampyang,bagaimana bentuk interaksi simbolik masyarakat terhadap kesenian terbang papat dalam tradisi karnaval ampyang. Metode penelitian yang dipakai peneliti adalah metode kualitatif dengan memusatkan pada metode riset lapangan, dalam hal ini teknik pengumpulan data dialakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi, teknik studi dokumen, Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh hal ini dapat disimpulankan sebagai berikut. Dilihat dari segi penampilan antara lain : bentuk esetika kesenian terbang papat terletak pada instrumennya, pola pukulan, teknik permainan, juga pesan dari syair yang dilagukan. Ditemukan dua motif pola irama terbang papat yaitu motif gombrang dan motif krangen, keunikan yang lain adalah pada instrument jedor, seniman terbang papat pada saat memainkan alat musik terbang papat harus dapat menguasai nada dan syair terlebih dahulu. Bentuk dari interaksi sosial masyarakat adalah ditemukan beberapa rangkaian acara terbang papat dalam tradisi karnaval ampyang yaitu; nganten mubeng gapuro padurekso, tradisi nasi kepel, tradisi loram bersholawat atau tradisi albarzanji, dan juga Loram ekspo.

DAMPAK KONFLIK INTERNAL KEPEMIMPINAN PADA KINERJA DOSEN PERGURUAN TINGGI ISLAM

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Adri Efferi

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This paper intends to unravel the leadership internal conflict that generally happened in all State Islamic College in Indonesia, especially in the institutions named Institute (IAIN and high school (STAIN. These issues was revealed by using case study. The selected case is STAIN Kudus in Central Java. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation study. The data was then analyzed using Miles and Huberman interactive model and based on the theory of transactional leadership proposed by Yulk (1998, the theory of effective leadership from Razik (1995 and models of leadership (Muhammad SAW of Islam. The results showed that internal leadership conflicts that occurred in STAIN Kudus is the impact of 'direct election' mechanism in selecting the chairman in the late 2005. The battle between the winning and losing camps continues to become a long-drawn leadership internal conflicts. The conflicts apparently decrease the performance of the lecturers. It is characterized by shifting the focus of the lecturers‟s performances from academic to political performance.

Islamic Modernists and Discourse on Reason as a Reconciliatory Argument between Islam and the Western Enlightenment

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ASMAHAN SALLAH

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This article examines the debates on the relationship between Islam and reason during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. It argues that these debates were transnational but were largely influenced by similar debates in the Western tradition. It also affirms that modernists used discourse on reason to reconcile Islam with Western Enlightenment. The article illustrates the various mechanisms which Islamic modernists implemented to facilitate such reconciliation. These mechanisms include rationalization of miracles, contesting the concept of prophethood, and rejecting the scholarship of Islamic jurisprudence and theology. Based on writings by several Islamic modernists, such as their biographies of Prophet Muhammad, Quran commentaries, and magazine articles in different Islamic countries, I ascribe these mechanisms to a gap between logic and experimental thought, a gap which seeped into the mind of Islamic modernists under the influence of Western contemporary thinkers. While this discourse claims compatibility between Islam and Western Enlightenment, it also resists the binary of the sacred and the secular, a major legacy of the Western Enlightenment.

Matching leadership qualities of male and female leaders from the Qur’ānic perspective: An exegetical analysis

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Huda M. Hassan Hilal

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The topic of female leadership has yet to be conclusively and impartially investigated, especially from the Islamic perspective. The current study bridges the gap between the original Qur’ānic teachings and dominant Muslim culture by highlighting the Qur’ānic conceptualisation of female leadership and investigates the myth that only men are the best leaders. It identifies female leadership qualities of Queen Āsiyah, Queen Balqīs and Maryam, the daughter of ‘Imrān and mother of Prophet ‘Īsā, and matches them with male leadership qualities of Prophet Muhammad, Dhū al-Qarnayn, Țālūt, and Prophet Sulaymān as narrated in the Qur’ān. The research documents the traits of a leader’s personality, leader-follower relation, task structure, and crisis management as four principal axes to the study, relying on the dominant theories of leadership. The inference reveals conformity between both male and female patterns of leadership, except for minor differences related to physical strength, and war conducts.

أثر القرآن الكريم في أدب النصارى من أدباء المهجر (جبران خليل جبران، إيليا أبو ماضي، رشيد سليم الخوري

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Walid F.T Shehada

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Arabic literature influenced in the Holy Quran after coming to the prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, then poets and writers took from it, through the ages, term, meanings, images, and compositions. So, Renaissance literature calls for good values and Islamic authenticity. The study comes to show the impact of the Holy Quran as produced by the Christian of literary diaspora who have been affected by movements of renewal world –European and American – having emigrated to America and settled primarily in the land of the west and print out lifestyle there, and integrated into western society and learned a lot of languages, making them strangers Arabs for Arabic, however, the Holy Quran with its meaning and style colored what is going on in their minds and hearts. The study focuses on three writers as flags of diaspora literature, and that by reading what they wrote on both prose and poem in order to identify the impact of the Holy Quran upon their literature.

RAGAM PEMBACAAN HADIS Memahami Hadis Melalui Tatapan Postradisionalisme

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Hilmy Firdausy

2017-02-01

Full Text Available As one of the two influental doctrinal texts, Hadith have a central role in the legalization of understanding verses of the al-Qur’an by referring directly to the practice of the Prophet. In the midst of ideo-political constellation in the Islamic world, until now activities to understanding Hadith is much influenced by the way is relativized balance read the dialogue between text and reader; both in the case of the text that was sunk by the existence of the reader, or the reader is immersed in the text and the memory of his past. From some of the existing models, there are at least three reading modes can be considered superior; Salafi-Fundamentalism, Salafi-Orientalism and Reformist-Marxism. This paper will do a critique of reason on how to read these as well as build an applied "read" more objective, especially against the traditions of the Prophet; one mode readings drawn from postraditionalism’s Muhammad ‘Ābid al-Jābirī (1935-2010.

Islamic fatalism

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Helmer Ringgren

1967-02-01

Full Text Available The author sketches the historical background, then the teaching of the Koran, and finally, the development of the typical Islamic fatalism. The fatalism of Islam has to be viewed against the background of the ideas of pre-Islamic Arabia. Unfortunately, there is no other evidence from this epoch that a few poems on a very restricted range of topics which have been able to survive Islamic censure. The conventional and stereotyped character of these poems makes it difficult to decide to what extent they reflect commonly accepted views or the ideas of a certain group. In any case, they present a picture of the pagan Arab which is extremely idealized and formed after a rigid pattern. Historically speaking, Islamic 'fatalism' is the result of a combination of pre-Islamic fatalism and Muhammad's belief in God's omnipotence. From another point of view it is an interpretation of destiny that expresses man's feeling of total dependence, not on an impersonal power or universal order, but on an omnipotent God.

KRITIK ATAS KRITIK EPISTEMOLOGI TAFSIR M. ABIED AL JABIRI: Studi Kritis atas Madkhal ila al Quran al Karim

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Ahmad Fawaid

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper critically views the epistemology of Muhammad Abid al Jabiri’s interpretation in his book, Madkhal ila al Quran al Karim. His latest work is projected to make the Quran relevant to mankind today and with certainly critiquing classical Quranic studies that have been constructed by previous scholars. Starting from Arab criticism, which is expected to synergize the gap between Turath and modernity, al Jabiri tried out his theory in the realm of Quranic studies oriented to maintain its originality and interpretation from sectarian influence. Focusing on al Jabiri’s review on the Quran, this paper examines and associates some of the problems with the epistemology of critique in Arab reasoning. Finally, it is inferred that the epistemologic offer of al Jabiri used in Turath is not fully applicable in Quranic studies for several reasons. First, the Quranic studies existed within the chain of sanad in its formation. Secondly, at the application stage, al Jabri often overlooked the sanad and narrations from the companions.

Unity and diversity: intentional multidimensionality in Persian Sufi language and the method of decoding it

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Gudmar Aneer

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Jalal al-Din Rumi and Muhammad Hafez Shirazi are two of the great mystics, Sufis, writing in Persian in the 13th and 14th century. Their poetry is still an essential part of the Turkish and the Persian religious and cultural settings. The objectives of this article are to suggest a method for analyzing the poetry of Rumi and Hafez within the discipline of History of religions. The various combinations of symbols, symbolic clusters, together create a totality from which parts are taken and combined in various ways in the poems. Seldom all of them are there together, but reading some poems with various themes gives the whole combination of symbols, which has been used by the poet. It gives the picture of a Sufi setting, where the essential thing is the path to the unity with God. With it goes the Persian identity indicated in the garden of roses symbolizing paradise, kingship, justice, prosperity, the love of nature etc. Only in combination do these symbols point to the complex situation of the Persian Sufis.

NDT Nuclear Malaysia 35 Years History

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohamad Pauzi Ismail

2016-01-01

ASME V-2015, Article 1 defined Non-destructive Examination as a development and application of technical methods to examine materials and/or components in ways that do not impair future usefulness and serviceability in order to detect, locate, measure, interpret, and evaluate flaws. NDT unit in Nuclear Malaysia (PUSPATI) was first established in 1980 headed by Mr Ashaari Abas. He then moved to open an NDT company and was replaced by Dr. Abd Nassir Ibrahim followed by Dr Azali Muhammad, Dr Ab Razak Hamzah and myself. At the early stage from 1980-1983, most of the activities were attending NDT training courses in France, Singapore, Japan, Pakistan and Australia. Our first contribution is on NDT training. The first course is radiation safety in industrial radiography. Then moving ahead giving NDT services to industries especially in oil and gas and power generation. Recently we are seriously involved in research and development and innovation. To be a centre of excellence, NDT activities need to cover three important areas i.e. training, services, consultation and applied research. In the future, the fundamental research maybe included. (author)

İbn Hazm'ın Gâliyye'ye (İtidal Çizgisini Aşanlara Eleştirisi Üzerine

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Ömer Faruk Teber

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Ibn Hazm takes care of the social, geographical environments where the extremist groups (ghulât flourished. Thus, he discusses the places where the extremist groups appeared most extensively. Above all, he should have regarded the formation of the Islamic sects a sociological fact that he gives information, unlike other heresiographical works, about the regions where the sects considered outside Islam lived most intensively. According to Ibn Hazm, the groups deserving to be called ghulat had come out within Persian people, since the Shiism which gained prevalence primarily in Iran and Iraq as well as Southeast Asia developed within the Greek, Persian and Indian climate of culture. In this connection, the Ghaliya is divided into two. 'The first one comprised those who required the advent of another prophet after the Prophet Muhammad. The second group was consisting of those holding, aside from God, the divinity of another being. In İbn Hazm’s opinion, the latter joint with Jews and Christians and went down a beastly infidelity

NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN YANG TERKANDUNG DALAM IBADAH SHOLAT

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Heriyansyah *

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Prayer Is the Supreme Act of worship in islam and have a lot of wisdom in it. Pray that Allah enjoined in unto his servants who commissioned directly without going through intermediaries with the road to heaven servant up to sidrotul muntaha, prayers that are the poles of Islamic religion, whoever established it means he has founded the religion and whoever left it means he has destroyed his religion. Prayer in islam pillars occupy a second witness that there is no God in worship besides Allah and Prophet Muhammad as his Messenger and servant, as well as prayer becomes a comparison between faith and infidelity.  Even so, many of the Islamic society at this moment feels less notice in the matter of prayer, especially in the implementation of the required prayers five times a day last night. We witnessed many Mosque-the mosque which feels deserted from performing a go, perhaps many of the Islamic society at the time.   Key Word: sholat, Ibadah, Nilai

Pilgrimage Experience and Consumption of Travel to the City of Makkah for Hajj Ritual

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Razaq Raj

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In modern society which, by definition is increasingly secular and culturally motivated, the Hajj is considered the culmination of each Muslim's religious duty and aspiration. It is stated in the Holy Qur'an, that every physically and financially able Muslim should make the Hajj to the Holy City of Makkah once in his or her lifetime. This paper explores what people do during their pilgrimage, providing a brief description of the principle rites and experiences and their meaning to an individual participants travelling from the USA. The paper will draw upon previously published literature as well as an analysis of findings from a quantitative study in which steps within the pilgrimage process were explored. These findings include participants’ descriptions of the significance and value of the experience which individual pilgrims face during travel to the holy city of Makkah. The results from the quantitative study indicated that the main motivations to attend the annual pilgrimage of Hajj were to fulfil religious obligation, spiritual enhancement and to follow teachings of the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad.

Industrial halal meat production and animal welfare: A review.

Science.gov (United States)

Farouk, M M; Pufpaff, K M; Amir, M

2016-10-01

Islam teaches zero-tolerance to all forms of animal abuse throughout the halal meat production supply chain and demands that when animals are slaughtered, they must be slaughtered in the mindful and attentive way espoused by the Prophet Muhammad. Why then are poor practices and animal welfare abuses still occurring during halal meat production, and how can they be reduced or eliminated? In this review we discuss how improvements might be achieved through: (1) training of staff regarding the religious and regulatory requirements of animal welfare from on-farm to slaughter; (2) empathy and compassion assessment of applicants prior to employment; (3) installation of CCTV cameras around lairage and slaughter sites; (4) regular employee follow-up training to minimise 'compassion fatigue'; (5) incorporating animal welfare requirements in halal certification; (6) using mosque-based sermons by Imams to increase awareness of animal welfare issues; and (7) making portable humane slaughter units available to small cottage operations and home/neighbourhood-kills through mosque-based organizations/structures. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Concern over Zika virus outbreak: another alarming global threat

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Hafiz MY

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Yusuf Hafiz,1 Syed Uzair Mahmood,2 Maria Shoaib,1 Farah Hafiz Yusuf1 1Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, 2Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan Abstract: Zika virus, as highlighted by the World Health Organization in February 2016, has emerged as a public health emergency of international concern. Zika virus is enveloped and icosahedral, and has a nonsegmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome. It belongs to Flaviviridae family. Aedes aegypticus mosquito is the known vector. Transmission is anthroponotic (human to vector to human during outbreaks, or occurs perinatally in utero, sexually, and via transfusion of infected blood. Zika virus is turning out to be a major public health concern. Not only has it shown dramatic teratogenic association and caused serious neurological concerns but it has also spread around the globe. Countries that have not yet been affected by Zika virus should adopt proper preventive methods to limit its spread in the population. Keywords: Zika virus, global spread, teratogenic, neurological anomalies, public health emergency

Tajalliyât Sufistik Dialektika Nilai-Nilai Religius-Humanistik

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Husni Hidayat

2015-10-01

Full Text Available In Sufi dimension, a tarekat is considered a madrasa (school which leads a mutasawwif to purify the darkness of heart from seven passions, namely ammârah bi al-sû’, lawwâmah, mulhamah, mutma’innah, râdiyah, and mardiyah. These seven lusts should be controlled and merged because they can cover humans from their nature. Under the guidance of the trustee murshid, the mutasawwifs are called and encouraged to reform their selves without seeing disgrace of other people. However, such process would not alienate the students from their social life and daily activities as the common people. Therefore, after two initial phases, namely takhallî and tahallî, a Sufi will reach his or her ultimate phase, i.e. tajallî. For the Sufis, the highest tajalli God is the Prophet. This is because he was the first creature of God and the most complete man (al-insân al-kâmil. Muhammad is not a mere man, but he is a manifestation of God’s emanation.

LIFE SKILLS ORIENTATION IN MADRASAH CURRICULUM

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Ahmadi Ahmadi

2016-02-01

Full Text Available This article intends to elaborate a charge include life skills opportunities in both madrasah curriculum of ibtidaiyah, tsanawiyah and aliyah. The approach used is the science of Islamic education. Some important concepts in Islam that allows it to be analyzed and used as the basis of life skills-based curriculum contained in QS. Al-Ghâsyiyah [88]: 17-20, QS. Fâthir [35]: 39, QS. Al-Jâtsiyah [45]: 12-13, QS. Al-A‟râf [7]: 56-85 and QS. Al-Hujurât [49]: 1, 13, 18. Ethical values (Rasul Muhammad Islam that allows elaborating life skills is shiddiq, amanah, fathanah and tabligh. The fourth value is assumed to equip graduates of madrassas that he later had a number of personal, social, academic, vocational and soft. The fourth value is assumed to equip graduates of madrassas that he later had the skills. A number of core Islamic values should be in synergy with the age issues such as democracy, globalization, the mastery of science, technology and information (the environment.

Images and society (or Images, Society and its Decoding

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Juan Soto Ramírez

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Common sense, the thinking of the people par excellence, asserts that: a picture is worth a thousand words. This is a big mistake. The images are not carriers of meanings. The images always go through three basic processes are: production, circulation and reception. These processes are always determined in the time and social space. They are always the result of multiple relationships (social, ideological, political, moral, religious, etc., established with them. Always there are so many elements beyond the image, which determines its meaning. The meaning of an image always depends on the relationships established with it in a historical time and space, socially and culturally determined. The images are never alone. To decrypt their meanings, you must first know the symbolic life of the societies in which they appear. Images do not have a single meaning because it depends on the historical and cultural geography which presents. The images always have a close relationship with the society they were born. The Muhammad cartoons not offend everyone equally.

Targeted therapy for esophagogastric cancers: a review

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Khattak MA

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Muhammad A Khattak,1 Hilary L Martin,2 Christos S Karapetis1,31Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia; 2Calvary Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 3Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaAbstract: The incidence of esophagogastric cancers is increasing rapidly in the Western population. Despite better understanding of the biology and intense research in the treatment of these cancers, the long-term survival remains poor both in the locally advanced and metastatic settings. The addition of combined modality strategies has resulted in modest improvement in 5-year survival rates. A number of biologic agents targeting epidermal-derived growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial derived growth factor and its receptor, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR are being currently evaluated in Phase II and III clinical trials. Some of these, like trastuzumab, cetuximab, and bevacizumab, have shown promising results. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in biologic agents for the treatment of esophagogastric cancers.Keywords: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, VEGF, trastuzumab, Her2- positive EGC

Al-Attas’ Philosophy of History on the Arrival and Proliferation of Islam in the Malay World

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AZMUL FAHIMI KAMARUZAMAN

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article examines the philosophy of history of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas on the theory of the arrival and spread of Islam in the Malay world, particularly in his work ‘Historical Facts and Fictions’. This philosophy of history is consequent to al-Attas' critical research contained in his previous works such as ‘Preliminary Statement on a General Theory of The Islamization of the Malay-Indonesian Archipelago’ (1969, ‘Islam in the Malay History and Culture’ (1972 and ‘The Correct Date of the Terengganu Inscription’ (1972. This study analyses these works and his other works to look into the aspects of history and historiography contained in the philosophy of history of al-Attas on the arrival and spread of Islam in the Malay world in terms of their scope, sources and history methods. This study found that in terms of epistemology al-Attas has contributed in creating a theoretical framework and a novel approach to the philosophy of history of the history of Islam in the Malay world.

The Emphasizing Metonymy and Its Relation Whit Ambiguity of Text

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Amir Saleh Masoomi

2016-05-01

holy scripture like the Quran? What is the position of this combined tool in Arabic language?   Such questions prompted us to study the validity of this linguistic phenomenon by using of descriptive-analytical method and explain its effect on perception of reader. On the basis of data of this article, the emphasizing metonymy in contrary to its illogical appearance could be an acceptable phenomenon in the tradition of Arabic language.   References   1. Holy Quran , Fuladvand, Mohammad Mahdi & Payande, Abul Qasem (trans..   2. Abouhayan, Mohamed ibn Youssef (1998. Irteshaf az-Zarab min Lisan al-Arab. Osman Mohammed Rajab and Ramadan Abdaltwab (Emend.. Cairo: Khanji library.   3. ------------------------------------------ (2001.Tafsir al- Bahr al-Mohit. Adel Ahmed Abdol-Mowjood and Ali Mohamed Moawad (Emend.. Beirut: House of scientific books.   4. Astrabadi, Radhi ad-Din Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (1996. Sharh ar-Razi al-Kafyah. Yusuf Hassan Omar (Emend.. Benghazi: University Publications of Garyounes.   5. Azhari, Muhammad bin Ahmad (2001. Tahzib al- loghah. Mohamed Awad terrifying (Emend.. Beirut: House of Revival of Islamic Heritage.   6. Farazdak, Bin Hammam Ghalib (1987. Diwan of Farazdaq. Ali Faour (Emend.. Beirut: House of scientific books.   7. Ibn Abi al-Esba, Abdul Azim ibn al-vahid (1963. Tahrir al-Tahbir fi sana'at al-sher va al-nathr va bayan ejaz alquran. Hafni Mohammad Sharaf (Emend.. Cairo: grope of Revival of Islamic Heritage .   8. Ibn Ashur, Muhammad Tahir (1997. Al-Tahrir va al- Tahbir. Tunisia: Dar Sahnoun for publication and distribution.   9. Ibn Jenni, Abul Fath Othman ibn Jenni (1952. Al-Khasa'es. Mohammad Ali al-Najar (Emend.. Beirut: Book World.   10. Jmaha, Muhammad ibn Salaam (n.d.. Tabaghat al-Fohul al-sho'ara. Mahmoud Mohamed Shaker (Emend.. Jiddah: Dar al-madani.   11. Khatib Qazwini, Muhammad ibn Abd or-Rahman (n.d.. Al-Talkhis fi Olum al-Balaghah. Abdulrahman Albrkoqa (explain. Egypt: Arab Thought House

Dervîş Muhammed Şifâyî'nin Şerh-i Şebistân-i Hayâl'indeki Muammâ Çözüm Yöntemleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme / An Investigation on Dilemma Resolution Methods in the Sharh Shabistan Khayal of Darwish Muhammad Shifayi

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Mehmet Özdemir

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Darwish Muhammad Shifayi was born in early seventeenth century, and has been known as the commentator on Masnawi with his commentary on the first two volumes of the Rumi’s Masnawi. This famous commentator also had other works like Hadiyyet al-Fukara in which he translated Esma al-Hüsnâ, which was originally Persian and was translated into Turkish by him; Hadiyye-i Rahmat in which he wrote about Islam, mysticism and religious cults; and Sharh Shabistan Khayal in which he commented on the work of Fattah al-Nishabûrî called Shabistan Khayal. A critical text study was conducted on the first volume of his work with the name Sharh-i Masnawi and the critical text study is being conducted at present time about the second volume of this work and about Hadiyyat al-Fukarâ. There are no studies on Sharh Shabistan Khayal and on Hadiyye-i Rahmat, which is currently not available in Turkey. In this study, the work called Sharh Shabistan Khayal located in Süleymaniye Library Serez 2656 number will be introduced, the purpose of the commentator will be explained, and the commentary method will be dealt with. In Shabistan Khayal, which was originally written in Persian, issues on religion and life were handled with the dilemma style by using letter and word games. For this reason, when determining the commentary method of such a text, the translation and commentary of Persian expressions and the solution ways of the dilemmas must be considered. Based on this context, when explaining the commentary method of the commentator, the translation and commentary of the Persian text will be dealt with firstly; and the dilemma resolution methods such as amel-i tahsîlî, amel-i tekmîlî, amel-i teshîlî, amel-i tezyîlî will be dealt with in the second section under the title of “Art”.  Öz On yedinci yüzyılın başında dünyaya gelen Dervîş Muhammed Şifâyî, Mevlânâ’nın Mesnevî’sinin ilk iki cildine yaptığı şerhle Mesnevî �

STUDI ISLAM PENDEKATAN HERMENEUTIK

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Elok Noor Farida

2013-09-01

Full Text Available ISLAMIC STUDIES USING HERMENEUTICS APPRO- ACH. Al-Qur’an as the Islam’s holy book is a miracle that has been revealed to the Prophet Muhammad as a guide for muslim’s life. As a Muslim, we necessarily have to understand exactly what the message of  the Quran. Al-Qur’an is not only readable even it is a worship, but more than that, how to implement the contents of  the Qur’an in everyday life. In understanding asbab al-nuzul certainly should understand that there are verses in the Qur’an. In addition, it should also understand various methods to understand the Qur’an, one of them is the hermeneutic approach. Hermeneutics as a method of reading the text has been widely recognized in various fields of  traditional Islamic scholarship, especially in the tradition of  fiqh and tafsir al-Qur’an. Meanwhile, modern hermeneutics in Islamic thought can basically be called a great leap in the formulation of  the methodology of  Islamic thought in general and methods of  interpretation of  the Kor’an in particular.Therefore, the approach of  hermeneutics in Islamic studies also need to be studied to add to the treasures of  knowledge and can provide new insights on how to understand the text and interpretation of the text that will be studied. keywords: Islamic Studies, Hermeneutics. Kitab Suci Al-Qur’an sebagai kitab suci agama Islam merupakan mukjizat yang telah diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad saw. sebagai pedoman umat Islam sepanjang hayat. Sebagai Muslim yang mempedomani tentu harus memahami betul apa pesan-pesan dalam Al-Qur’an.  Al-Qur’an  tidak  hanya  dibaca  meskipun  bernilai ibadah, akan tetapi lebih dari itu, bagaimana mengimplementasikan isi kandungan Al-Qur’an dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam memahami tentu harus memahami asbabun nuzul ayat-ayat yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur’an. Di samping itu, juga harus memahami berbagai macam metode dalam memahami Al-Qur’an, di antaranya dengan pendekatan

قَبَسُ الْمَعْرِفَةِ دراسة تحليلية في الموروث الفكري للإمام الحسين (صلوات الله وسلامه عليه

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سكينة عزيز عباس الفتلي

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The stand on the intellectual heritage of the infallible fourteen infallible: Muhammad Ali Fatima, Al_husnan and nine infallible at the heart of Imam Hussein (prayers of Allah and peace be upon them all is his intellectual and cognitive dimensions because the NHL infallibility circle; so I chose inherited intellectual of Imam Hussein (blessings of Allah and peace be upon him to take and learn from the flux cognitive him by standing on the intellectual legacy to him, I have tried very hard to delve in the covenantal thought what you can afford it Vthsalt me interpretive knowledge, and other jurisprudence, so the research is marked: (QBs knowledge: an analytical study inherited intellectual of Imam Hussein, peace and blessings be upon him on the front met the elements provided on according to the scientific method of the importance of research, search label, reasons for choosing the research objectives of the research problem, the research plan, the research methodology, the premise of the research, the area to benefit from it, the limits of research, previous studies , research sources, and a conclusion research, presented after the conclusion pave the guarantee statement Search Title dealt with the meaning of Fezta statement (QBs, knowledge on the level of individuals, namely: the meaning of each word in private, and the additional installation each level (QBs knowledge, meaning the researcher by taking knowledge and her testimony, and learned from Imam Hussein (peace and blessings be upon him, so as to stand on the covenantal intellectual, after the researcher decide that knowledge specifically of science, namely: all knowledge of science, and not all science knowledge, offered after boot two sections, the first section was entitled: knowledge explanatory, and the second section was titled: knowledge of jurisprudence, then seal Balkhatmh search and search results, and recommendations are proposals and affirmed sources and references. It is

Gender Jihad: Muslim Women, Islamic Jurisprudence, and Women's Rights

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Melanie P. Mejia

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Muslim women's rights have been a topic of discussion and debate over the past few decades, and with a good reason. Islamic Law (Shariah is considered by many as patriarchal and particularly oppressive to women, and yet there are also others-Muslim women-who have rigorously defended their religion by claiming that Islam is the guarantor par excellence of women's rights. A big question begs to be answered: is Islam particularly oppressive to women?The Qur'an has addressed women's issues fourteen hundred years ago by creating certain reforms to improve the status of women; however, these reforms do not seem to be practiced in Muslim societies today.1 How is this so? I contend that Islam, as revealed to Muhammad, is not oppressive to women; rather, its interpretation, in so far as it is enacted in the family laws and everyday living, is patriarchal and hence needs to be examined.2 The goal of this work is to discuss what the Qur'an says about certain problems which gravely affect Muslim women, specifically: 1. gender equality 2. polygamy 3. divorce and the concept of nushuz

Black God and white devil in the urban ghettos of America: Religion and black nationalism of the Nation of Islam

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Zbigniew Marcin Kowalewski

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The Nation of Islam, commonly known as the Black Muslim movement,appeared during the Great Depression in the black ghettos of the big urban andindustrial centers in the northern United States. It was founded by W. Fard Muhammad,one of the probably most mysterious figures in the history of Black America,in whom his followers saw the incarnation of Allah. Its doctrine was a combinationof an extremely heterodox or “heretical” Islam and a separatist variety of blacknationalism. A quarter of century later, the marginal sect led by Elijah Muhammadas Messenger of Allah became the most important new religious movement to emerge in the U.S. in the twentieth century. It has proved to be the largest and longest-lived nationalist movement among the American blacks. Its activities, including the preaching of “black internationalism”, were seen by the federal authorities as a threat to national security. The outstanding revolutionary leader Malcolm X emerged from its bosom. Rooted in the lowest layers of the black working class, the Nation of Islam durably and successfully questions the liberal middle-class leadership of the northern black communities, which aspires toward integration into white society.

Bisnis Dalam Perspektif Islam (Telaah Konsep, Prinsip dan Landasan Normatif

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Norvadewi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Business with all that stuff going on in people's lives every day widely. Many businesses and the variety of motifs and business orientation as well as the increasing complexity of business problems, sometimes making businesses stuck to try anything to achieve its goal, especially if the goal is only for profit and profit alone. So frequent negative actions, which eventually becomes a habit in business behavior. If so, it is not uncommon for businesses identified with the dirty deed, because there are behaviors lying, treasonous, broken promises, deception and deceiving others. This article describes the business in the Islamic approach that includes the Islamic business concept, the principles of Islamic business and normative foundation of Islamic business. Islamic business must be based on Islamic ethics derived from the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. Generally, business ethics is a normative discipline, whereby particular ethical standards are formulated and then applied. It makes specific judgments about what is right or wrong, which is to say, it makes claims about what ought to be done or what ought not to be done.

Telaah Sosio-Antropologis Praktik Tarekat ‘Alawîyah di Gresik

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Fikri Mahzumi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available The following article gives reviews on roles of the Sufi path, ʿAlawîyah Tariqa among ‘Alawîyyîn, to success their diaspora in Gresik regency using the socio-anthropological approach. It observes the ‘Alawîyyîn scholars as a group of migrants who adapt their Sufi path creatively with their new environment. Therefore, they have significant roles to keep their identity as ‘Alawîyyîn diaspora. It is found that rituals practiced by ‘Alawîyyîn in Gresik are reading râtib, h}awl and rawh}ah. In this context, the ritual has found aspects of the  socio-anthropological values, as it involves a series of human creativity that has been shaping the culture, communication, and mobility in the social environment. From our view, the practice of the Sufi path, ‘Alawîyah Tariqa in Gresik, has become moral values that were internalized by its followers, and have been implemented by them as a behavior in the community. These rituals can keep their social-religious authority as ahl al-bayt (the descendants of Prophet Muhammad.

Egypt's Red Sea coast: phylogenetic analysis of cultured microbial consortia in industrialized sites.

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Mustafa, Ghada A; Abd-Elgawad, Amr; Abdel-Haleem, Alyaa M; Siam, Rania

2014-01-01

The Red Sea possesses a unique geography, and its shores are rich in mangrove, macro-algal and coral reef ecosystems. Various sources of pollution affect Red Sea biota, including microbial life. We assessed the effects of industrialization on microbes along the Egyptian Red Sea coast at eight coastal sites and two lakes. The bacterial communities of sediment samples were analyzed using bacterial 16S rDNA pyrosequencing of V6-V4 hypervariable regions. The taxonomic assignment of 131,402 significant reads to major bacterial taxa revealed five main bacterial phyla dominating the sampled sites: Proteobacteria (68%), Firmicutes (13%), Fusobacteria (12%), Bacteriodetes (6%), and Spirochetes (0.03%). Further analysis revealed distinct bacterial consortia that primarily included (1) marine Vibrio spp.-suggesting a "marine Vibrio phenomenon"; (2) potential human pathogens; and (3) oil-degrading bacteria. We discuss two divergent microbial consortia that were sampled from Solar Lake West near Taba/Eilat and Saline Lake in Ras Muhammad; these consortia contained the highest abundance of human pathogens and no pathogens, respectively. Our results draw attention to the effects of industrialization on the Red Sea and suggest the need for further analysis to overcome the hazardous effects observed at the impacted sites.

Nurturing Salafi manhaj; A study of Salafi pesantrens in contemporary Indonesia

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Din Wahid

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This study is about the role of Salafi pesantrens (Islamic boarding schools in Salafi da’wa (conveying or inviting to the way of Islam in Indonesia. A Salafi pesantren is a pesantren that teaches Salafism which mostly derives from the works of Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab, the founder of Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia. Salafi pesantrens started to emerge in the late 1980s and were established by graduates from Saudi Arabia and Yemen universities, and supported by alumni of the Institute for the Study of Islam and Arabic (LIPIA in Jakarta. While the precise number of Salafi pesantrens is unavailable, it is estimated that the number reaches 50 pesantrens. Salafi pesantrens not only teach their students about Salafism, but also accustom them to practice the Salafi manhaj (path in their daily life. The study focuses on three pesantrens: al-Nur al-Atsari in Ciamis, Assunah in Cirebon (both in West Java, and al-Furqan in Gresik, East Java. I analyse various aspects of these educational institutions: their historical development, community responses, educational programs, curriculum, methods of instruction, students’ lives and activities, networks and fundraising.

The Integration of Sharī‘Ah, Ṭarīqah, and Haqīqah: A Study of Sayyid Ḥaydar Āmulī’s Thought

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Cucu Surahman

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Muslims' understanding of Islamic teaching is diverse. Jurists, for the instance, emphasize the aspect of the outer of the Sharī‘ah while Sufis focus on the aspect of that inner. In history, the tension between them is apparently seen. The first even accuses the second group as a deviant, a heretic, and an unbeliever. Regarding this phenomenon, the study will explore underlying terms in Sufism namely Sharī‘ah, Ṭarīqah, and Ḥaqīqah and explain the relation of these terms based on the library research and descriptive analysis of the three words in the two books, i.e. Asrār al-Sharī‘ah and Jāmi‘ al-Asrār wa Manba’ al-Anwār of Sayyid Ḥaydar Āmulī. Whether the terms are self-sufficient or interdependent? This study concludes that the three terms are an integral unity that cannot be separated from one another since those three terms refer to the one essence, the one Truth. Those are Divine law brought by Prophet Muhammad. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v20i2.806

Diplomatic Documentation of the Crimean Khanate in the 16th century (1515–1596: To the Question about the Current State of Publishing »

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A.V. Vinogradov

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Research objectives: to outline the key issues of the current state of publication of diplomatic documents containing information about the Crimean Khanate’s relations with Russian and Polish-Lithuanian states during the period of 1515–1596. Research materials: the Crimean diplomatic documents and letters of the Crimean khans Muhammad Giray I, Saadet Giray, Islam Giray I, Sahib Giray, Devlet Giray I, Mohammed Giray II, Islam Giray II and Gazi Giray II to the Moscow princes and Polish kings preserved in the archives and library manuscript collections in Russia and Poland. Research results: as a result of research the author has introduced into scholarly circulation a generic list of (both published and unpublished messages of the Crimean khans to the Polish kings and princes of Moscow for the period of 1515–1596 preserved in the archives and library manuscript collections in Russia and Poland. Research novelty: the author is the first to consider the problem of the publication of diplomatic documents of the Crimean Khanate being a part of the Crimean ambassadorial books in the fund 123 (“Russian relations with the Crimea” of Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts.

Interrogative Utterances in Surah Al-Baqarah

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Aly Bayoumy AIi Oteify

1993-11-01

Full Text Available The Qur’an is singularly distinctive in its style compared to any human composition. Human eloquence, with its remarkable history in the composition of poetry, has failed to compose even a single verse like that of the Qur'an. The Qur'anic composition is a living challenge for human beings to imitate its miraculous style. This inimitable aspect of the Qur'an, among other things, proves that it was revealed by Allah (SWT to Prophet Muhammad (SAAS. In addition, the miracle of its linguistic composition was a means to declare the faith based on monotheism and the introduction of a new order and a theo-centric guidance that was meant to unite humanity. Adopting the monotheistic faith gave rise to a new community, the Muslim ummah that was able to bridge the differences between human beings in culture, race, colour and geographical boundaries. Consequently, the unique style of the Qur’an deserves a careful study. The present study investigates the use of interrogative utterances in surah al-Baqarah and their contribution to the Qur'an's rhetorical style. Hopefully, the results of this study will be useful in later investigations of other parts of the Qur' an...

Some opportunities for sustainable development in Korça Region

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Alket Dino

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Today all over the world, as well as in Albania, we hear more and more about economic development in developing countries. A successful branch of the economy of these countries is tourism. Based on socio-geographic studies, Albania in general and the region of Korça, in particular, should have an orientation study to promote this branch of economy. I refer to the case of a successful banker from Bangladesh, Muhammad Yunus, who won the Nobel Prize in 2006, due to the development of his thesis for microcredit. We must understand the importance of studying sociology of tourism in Korça region as one of the priority for the economic development in the region and beyond. There are few studies on the development of tourism in the region of Korça, but these studies do not capture the socio-geographic and social analysis of the study of the region in particular, they only show the instruments that should be used in such studies. There are no accurate statistics on social coloring of the population, places of worship, museums, ethnography, archeology, gastronomy, customs, traditions, sports, climate of the Korça region.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE HADICAL STORY OF PROPHET IBRAHIM AND SARAH WITH A ZHOLIM KING AS A TEACHING MATERIAL IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION

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Salmah Salmah

2018-04-01

Full Text Available In the world of education, a delivery of stories is one of the effective strategies to deliver educational materials to children or learners. As the matter of facts, sometimes the stories told to the children or learners are taken from untruthful sources or fairy tales that will cause a delusion in the child's mind. It is important for parents or educators to convey valued stories coming from the teachings of Islamic values, such as the stories of the previous people delivered by the Prophet Mohammad through his traditions. The purpose of this study is to examine the editorial accounts of the story of the prophet Abraham and Sarah with the zholim King, and to know the understanding of the hadith and the educational analysis associated with this hadith. To obtain the information on the hadith about the story, the researcher uses a takhrîj hadith method, in as much as, it was found there are various relevant hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad related to the story. These hadiths have been analyzed for their historical qualities and linked them with Islamic education materials.

The Political Use of the Figure of John Coltrane in American Poetry

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Samo Šalamon

2007-06-01

Full Text Available John Coltrane; one of the most influential and important musicians and composers of the 20th century; began to inspire jazz musicians and American poets in the 1960s with the Black Arts Movement poets. His music was interpreted and used for the promotion of political ideas in the poetics of Amiri Baraka; Sonia Sanchez; Askia Muhammad Toure; Larry Neal and others. This is the political Coltrane poetry. On the other hand; Coltrane’s music inspired another kind of poets; the musical poets; which began to emerge in the 1970s. In this case; the poetry reflects the true nature of Coltrane’s spiritual music quest. The poets belonging to this group; like Michael S. Harper; William Matthews; Jean Valentine; Cornelius Eady; Philip Levine; Nathaniel Mackey and others; go beyond politics; beyond race or gender. The paper will examine the first type of the Coltrane poetry; where Coltrane’s music was used to promote the political ideas of the Black Art Movement in connection with the political movement of Malcolm X. These poets changed; rearticulated and shifted Coltrane’s spiritually musical message towards the principles of the black nationalism.

Mechanism linking diabetes mellitus and obesity

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Al-Goblan AS

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Abdullah S Al-Goblan,1 Mohammed A Al-Alfi,1 Muhammad Z Khan2 1Diabetes Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Buraidah, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Sulaiman AlRajhi Colleges, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract: Body mass index has a strong relationship to diabetes and insulin resistance. In obese individuals, the amount of nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, cytokines, proinflammatory markers, and other substances that are involved in the development of insulin resistance, is increased. The pathogenesis in the development of diabetes is based on the fact that the β-islet cells of the pancreas are impaired, causing a lack of control of blood glucose. The development of diabetes becomes more inevitable if the failure of β-islet cells of the pancreas is accompanied by insulin resistance. Weight gain and body mass are central to the formation and rising incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This literature review will demonstrate the facts that link obesity with insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. In conclusion, new approaches in managing and preventing diabetes in obese individuals must be studied and investigated based on the facts. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance

Exploring sleep disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease

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Nigam G

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Gaurav Nigam,1 Macario Camacho,2 Edward T Chang,2 Muhammad Riaz3 1Division of Sleep Medicine, Clay County Hospital, Flora, IL, 2Division of Otolaryngology, Sleep Surgery and Sleep Medicine, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, 3Division of Sleep Medicine, Astria Health Center, Grandview, WA, USA Abstract: Kidney disorders have been associated with a variety of sleep-related disorders. Therefore, researchers are placing greater emphasis on finding the role of chronic kidney disease (CKD in the development of obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. Unfortunately, the presence of other sleep-related disorders with CKDs and non-CKDs has not been investigated with the same clinical rigor. Recent studies have revealed that myriad of sleep disorders are associated with CKDs. Furthermore, there are a few non-CKD-related disorders that are associated with sleep disorders. In this narrative review, we provide a balanced view of the spectrum of sleep disorders (as identified in International Classification of Sleep disorders-3 related to different types of renal disorders prominently including but not exclusively limited to CKD. Keywords: kidney disease, sleep disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, parasomnias, restless legs syndrome, chronic kidney disease, insomnia

Early Freezing of Gait: Atypical versus Typical Parkinson Disorders

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Abraham Lieberman

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In 18 months, 850 patients were referred to Muhammad Ali Parkinson Center (MAPC. Among them, 810 patients had typical Parkinson disease (PD and 212 had PD for ≤5 years. Among the 212 patients with early PD, 27 (12.7% had freezing of gait (FOG. Forty of the 850 had atypical parkinsonism. Among these 40 patients, all of whom had symptoms for ≤5 years, 12 (30.0% had FOG. FOG improved with levodopa in 21/27 patients with typical PD but did not improve in the 12 patients with atypical parkinsonism. FOG was associated with falls in both groups of patients. We believe that FOG unresponsive to levodopa in typical PD resembles FOG in atypical parkinsonism. We thus compared the 6 typical PD patients with FOG unresponsive to levodopa plus the 12 patients with atypical parkinsonism with the 21 patients with typical PD responsive to levodopa. We compared them by tests of locomotion and postural stability. Among the patients with FOG unresponsive to levodopa, postural stability was more impaired than locomotion. This finding leads us to believe that, in these patients, postural stability, not locomotion, is the principal problem underlying FOG.

Balancing standardized testing with personalized training in surgery

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Ahmed A

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Aadil Ahmed, Muhammad Abbas Abid, Nasir I Bhatti Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Abstract: Students pursuing a medical career in the US are subject to standardized testing at regular intervals. These standardized tests not only quantify the milestones students have already achieved, but also define the path for future achievements. The purpose of these examinations is to help students become self-directed, lifelong learners – an essential attribute of a medical professional. However, whether preparing for these examinations actually makes students such disciplined learners needs to be examined. Especially during residency training with its limited time and unpredictable exposure, trainees must learn in the most efficient way for their learning styles, and thus develop attributes that will be helpful to them in their medical career. In this review, we propose that a personalized, learner-centered approach tailored to residents’ educational needs and preferences can not only fulfill learning interests and objectives but also serve as a time-efficient and cost-effective approach for graduate medical education. Keywords: standardized testing, personalized training, surgery

AKULTURASI DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM TRADISI BAAYUN MAULID PADA MASYARAKAT BANJAR

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Zulfa Jamalie

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This research examines the acculturation and transformation of traditional values of Banjarese Baayun Maulud . It used religious anthropology approach as an effort to understand the deepest meaning of the research object. The result shows that this tradition was historically started from swinging child ceremony of Dayakese Tribe in Kalimantan, in order to give blessing, give name, pray for safety, and to thank for the child birth. A long with the incoming and development of Islam in this region, the ceremony which was inherited by the ancestors experienced changes. The Islamic preachers have changed and acculturated this ceremony so it is full of Islamic values. The ceremony once called swinging child ceremony, then after the acculturation it became Baayun Maulud. The venue is centralized at the mosque and is combined with the celebration of Muhammad’s birthday. The children are swung with qur’an recitation, rhyme quatrains of maulud, and prayers. The local wisdoms and the religious thoughts has been unified in harmony in the tradition, which becomes the sign of gratitude expressions  for the child birth, as well as for celebrating and honoring the birth of the Greatest Prophet Muhammad SAw.

PEMIKIRAN TAFSÎR MESIR MODERN J.J.G JANSEN (Telaah atas Karya J.J.G.Jansen The Interpretation of The Koran in Modern Egypt

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Abu Bakar Abu Bakar

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Jansen is a researcher that classifies the work of interpretation (tafsîr into: firstly, an interpretation adopting a modern science but not oppose against the holy Quran, it is called tafsîr  al-‘ilmî. Secondly, an interpretation that is designed to help reader understand the holy Quran or philological interpretation (al-tafsîr  al-lughawî. Thirdly, an interpretation dealing with the Muslim deed and it is called practical interpretation (tafsîr  al-adabî al-ijtimâ’î. Jansen is about to display a short description that covers the answers of explanation inadequacy of the previous researchers’ studies. He mainly clarifies  the history of interpretation and western studies on interpretation developing in Islamic world. As a matter of fact, Jansen’s view is majorly a kind of beginning critical of his attention on interpretation. He focuses the research object on the interpretation of Muhammad Abduh, then he compares it to the other intrepretations that are considered up to standard to be classified into his work of interpretation.   Key Words: al-Qur’ân, tafsîr, dan Jansen  

The Educational Values of Athiyyah ar-Rahman Book

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Maya Yunita

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Athiyyah ar-Rahman is an influential book which written by Muhammad Azhari al-Palembani ibn Abdullah ibn Ahmad or also known as Kemas Azhari (1811-1874. The book was written in 1842 and until today is learned by Islamic community in Palembang. This article tries to elucidate the values of Athiyyah ar-Rahman book from education perspectives. The discourse-historical approach of Reisigl and Wodak (2008 is used to analyze the book. The findings show that Athiyyah ar-Rahman describes six pillars of Islam. The six pillars of Islam are framing three dimensions, including personal dimension, social dimension, and transformative dimension. The personal dimension relates to the core of the education to construct the self of student. The social dimension relates to the visions for harmonizing among humans and between humans and nature. Meanwhile, the transformational dimension relates to the effect of education to solve the problems in human life as well as transform the society. Based on the analysis, the educational values of Athiyyah ar-Rahman could be summarized as follows: religiosity, spirituality, morality, solidarity, tolerance, environmentalism, pragmatism and transformational.

“Al-Musaqah” and Sharia Agribusiness System: An Alternative Way to Meet Staple Food Self-Sufficiency in Contemporary Indonesia

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Ujang Maman Maman

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The concept of al-musaqah appears in Islamic history when Prophet Muhammad conquered the fertile farmland surrounding Khaibar, abandoned by Jews as the original owner of the land. The concept of al-musaqoh also appears in fiqh deliberations, in which it is a partnership between tenants and land owners. By deepening literature, the concept of al-musaqah is part of sharia agribusiness system that could be an alternative partnerships and farmer institution in meeting staple food needs. The alternative concept is very necessary since Indonesia has been facing the issue of agricultural land conversion and difficulty to form sustainable food agriculture area (SFAA. For the implementation of al-musaqoh, the Government should systematically form the SFAA on the state owned land, and estabilish its institution to manage SFAA in the central and regional level. Then, the SFAA management implement al-musaqoh partnership with farmer groups. By the concept, the Government would be able to control staple food procurement and distribution  to achieve food self-sufficiency which is profitable for farmers and non-farmers. However, the implementation is based on the view that the provision of basic needs should not be left to market mechanism.

Konsep Perdagangan dalam Tafsir Al-Mishbah (Paradigma Filsafat Ekonomi Qur’ani Ulama Indonesia

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Andi Zulfikar Darussalam

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Today, Islamic teaching appears as a alternative economic system, where religion norms (Al-Qur’an and hadits are to be the fundamental of it. The researcher is interested in the research of Muhammad Quraish Shihab interpretation of at-tijarah (business concept based on the Qur’an that can be found in his al-misbah interpretation book. This research is library research. The primary data source is al-misbah interpreation. The analytical technic of this research is qualitative analysis data with tematic interpreation. At-tijarah concepts have the difference subject, object, the meaning, and contect from one verse to the other but have the same of logic thinking of the correlation and mutual law in an act. It is like a business or a trading where there are profit and loss. There are three “business model” (at-tijarah. The first is from the human to the all human kind having material qualitative. The second is from Allah SWT (The God to the human having immaterial qualitative. The third is from Allah SWT (The God to the human and all of human kind having material and immaterial qualitative at once.

MENCARI WARISAN NABI DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH

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Nurul Djazimah

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Indonesia is a country with the world’s third largest population; about 90 percent of the population is Muslims. The history of the Islam in this country can be traced back to descendants of the prophet Muhammad. They played an important role in disseminating Islamic teachings in the archipelago. Until now descandants of the prophet still engage in Islamic preaching activities, understanding the legacy of the prophet from historical perspective is instructive, for that will help clarify the making of Muslim civilition in the archipelago. The prophet sent his companions to the area now known as Indonesia. His predecesors continued this tradition of sending companions in preaching missions nost notably in the time Utsman ibn Affan. The Islamic spiritual link with Indonesia was concrete: one preserved clothing of the prophet and a flag used in one of this own battles were given to the Sultan of Banten as gifts. Indeed, the community of Islamic believers shares the legacy of the prophet regardless of their orgins. Most prominently among them have been the Islamic preachers and Muslim warriors.

Commis, artisans, ouvriers. Les métamorphoses du salariat dans l’Égypte du XIXe siècle

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Pascale Ghazaleh

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Cet article se propose d’analyser l’évolution du travail salarié en Égypte pendant la première moitié du XIXe siècle à la lumière des modifications apportées au système des charges vénales, qui permet aux sujets du sultan d’accéder au statut de ses serviteurs en achetant le droit de toucher une rémunération. Les réformes juridiques, militaires, économiques et administratives qu’institue Muhammad ‘Alî (r. 1805-1848 en Égypte vont ériger les instances de l’État naissant en source de rémunération et point de référence primaire des détenteurs de charges. Pendant la période 1840-1860, les recrutements de fonctionnaires et de travailleurs connaîtront un repli ; et, lorsque la question du travail salarié est abordée à part entière dans le discours public des années 1880, c’est sous son versant politique, comme métaphore de la tutelle coloniale.

Constraining the Type Ia Supernova Progenitor: The Search for Hydrogen in Nebular Spectra

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Leonard, Douglas C.

2007-12-01

Despite intense scrutiny, the progenitor system(s) that gives rise to Type Ia supernovae remains unknown. The favored theory invokes a carbon-oxygen white dwarf accreting hydrogen-rich material from a close companion until a thermonuclear runaway ensues that incinerates the white dwarf. However, simulations resulting from this single-degenerate, binary channel demand the presence of low-velocity Hα emission in spectra taken during the late nebular phase, since a portion of the companion's envelope becomes entrained in the ejecta. This hydrogen has never been detected, but has only rarely been sought. Here we present results from a campaign to obtain deep, nebular-phase spectroscopy of nearby Type Ia supernovae, and include multiepoch observations of two events: SN 2005am (slightly subluminous) and SN 2005cf (normally bright). No Hα emission is detected in the spectra of either object. An upper limit of 0.01 Msolar of solar abundance material in the ejecta is established from the models of Mattila et al., which, when coupled with the mass-stripping simulations of Marietta et al. and Meng et al., effectively rules out progenitor systems for these supernovae with secondaries close enough to the white dwarf to be experiencing Roche lobe overflow at the time of explosion. Alternative explanations for the absence of Hα emission, along with suggestions for future investigations necessary to confidently exclude them as possibilities, are critically evaluated. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Additional observations were obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a

Motivasi Berpikir Menurut al-Qur’an

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Dwi Andriyani

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Kitab Suci Al-Qur’an merupakan kitab Allah yang diturunkan kepada umat manusia sebagai petunjuk bagi kita semua, yang mana diturunkan kepada umat Nabi Muhammad Saw mulai dari berabad-abad yang lalu, hingga sampai sekarang ini. Al-Qur’an di dalamnya banyak sekali mengandung isyarat ilmiah yang berguna bagi umat manusia. Oleh karena itu, sebagai makhluk Allah yang dikarunia akal pikiran, sudah seharusnya menjadi tugas kita untuk mengungkap apa yang ada di dalam al-Qur’an yang menjadi isyarat ilmiah bagi kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan. Al-Qur’an banyak memberikan motivasi bagi umat manusia, terutama motivasi berpikir. Berpikir adalah olah kerja otak yang yang berfungsi mencari hakekat dari sesuatu. Namun, dalam al-Qur’an berpikir juga tidak semuanya dilakukan oleh akal pikiran, melainkan juga dapat dilakukan dengan hati. Ketika mengkaji lebih dalam mengenai berpikir, maka akan didapatkan beberapa lafadz yang mempunyai pengertian yang sama, yaitu berpikir. Seperti lafadz nazara, tadabbara atau tadabbur, tafakkara atau tafakkur, faqiha atau fiqh atau tafaqquh, tazakkara, dan faham. Semua yang disebutkan di atas adalah mempunyai pengertian yang hampir sama. Membangkitkan motivasi berpikir dalam mengkaji ayat-ayat al-Qur’an sangatlah bermanfaat dalam menambah wawasan, dan juga dapat menambah keimanan kita kepada Allah Swt. Beberapa penemuan yang ada pada saat sekarang ini merupakan bukti dari kebenaran al-Qur’an, isyarat ilmiahnya dapat dibuktikan dengan beberapa penemuan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan.   The Holy Qur'an is a book of God revealed to mankind as a guide for all of us, which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad's people from many centuries ago until now. The Qur'an contains a lot of useful scientific cue for mankind. Therefore, as a creature of Allah endowed with a mind, it should be our duty to reveal what is in the Qur’an becomes the scientific cue to the advancement of knowledge. The Holy Qur'an has provided motivation for

Leer a Maquiavelo, traducir el Corán: Muḥammad, príncipe y legislador en el Alcorano di Macometto (Venecia, 1547

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Mattia Tommasino, Pier

2013-02-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on L’Alcorano di Macometto, written by Giovanni Battista Castrodardo from Belluno (1588 ca.-1517 ca., and published by Andrea Arrivabene at Venice in 1547. Although this text is considered to be a paraphrase of the Latin translation of the Qur’ān made by Robert of Ketton (1143 AD, a closer look shows that it was a handy pocket encyclopedia of the history of Islam and the Ottoman empire. Following a suggestion of Alessandro D’Ancona (1889, I analyze the historical texts published in the introduction to the Alcorano and especially Castrodardo’s biography of the prophet Muḥammad. This biography includes a prayer addressed to Muḥammad through the character of the monk Sergio-Bahīrā in order to persuade him to dethrone Emperor Heraclius. A deep linguistic analysis of this speech sheds light on Castrodardo’s reading of Machiavelli. While this new portrayal of Muhammad is based on medieval sources, it presents the Prophet of Islam as a distinctly Renaissance Prince, a lawgiver and a “Prophet Armed”. It also reflects the pro-Ottoman and anti-Imperial hopes of Italian circles linked to the French embassy in Venice.Este artículo se centra en L’Alcorano di Macometto, escrito por Giovanni Battista Castrodardo de Belluno (1517 ca.-1588 ca. e impreso por Andrea Arrivabene en Venecia en 1547. Aunque hoy sea considerado como una torpe paráfrasis de la traducción latina del Corán de Roberto de Ketton (1143 AD, un examen atento demuestra que L’Alcorano costituyó una práctica y exitosa enciclopedia de bolsillo sobre la historia del islam y del Imperio otomano. Siguiendo una intuición de Alessandro D’Ancona (1889, analizo los textos históricos publicados en la introducción del texto, centrándome especialmente en la biografía del profeta Muḥammad escrita por Castrodardo. Dicha biografía presenta una larga oración renacentista pronunciada por el monje Sergio-Bahīrā para convencer a Muḥammad a derrocar

FUNGSI TASAWUF TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN AKHLAK (ETIKA KERJA:Studi pada Murid Tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah di Kota Pontianak Kalimantan Barat

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Fatmawati Fatmawati

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Every adult male who works with various types of background work is a form of responsibility to provide for his family members . Observing one's work activities , this study analyzed the work activities on college institutes followers of Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah (QN in Pontianak city. The research analyzes using perspective of Sociology of Religion , how functions can Sufism moral formation (ethics working his followers . Furthermore, this study used a qualitative approach comes with a descriptive method. Networking research data using the snowball technique in college institutes informant followers of Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah As-Salam and An-Nuur in Pontianak city QN flow assuming a more dominant in Pontianak. The next stage of data were analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results of the research—stageportrait of detainees practice Sufism by iḥsān; students were guided by mursyid (teacher like procession allegiance and remembrance procession done consistently implications for morality (ethics work has a spiritual dimension and Islamic values. Morality (ethics refers to the working properties such as the nature of the Prophet Muhammad,ṣiddiq (right , amanah (trust, faṭanah (intelligence and tablīgh (sermons/promotion which is still relevant today. When performing work activities of Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah (QNfollowersfeel have the power within themselves so that they always feel to be watched. They are careful in their work and always maintain appropriate behavior Islamic morality . Abstrak: Setiap laki-laki dewasa yang bekerja dengan berbagai latar belakang jenis pekerjaan adalah sebagai bentuk tanggung jawabnya untuk memberi nafkah anggota keluarga¬nya. Mencermati aktivitas kerja seseorang, kajian ini meng¬analisis aktivitas kerja pada pengikut perguruan tarekat Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah (QN di kota Pontianak. Adapun pisau analisis penelitian menggunakan persfektif Sosiologi Agama, bagimana fungsi tasawuf dapat

Committee for International Conference on Mechanical Engineering Research (ICMER 2011)

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Yusoff, Ahmad Razlan Bin

2012-09-01

Scientific Advisory Committee: 1) Prof. Dr. Ahmad Kamal Ariffin (UKM) 2) Prof. Dr. Hj. Rosli Abu Bakar (UMP) 3) Prof. Dr. Hanafi Ismail (USM) 4) Prof. Ir. Dr. Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor (MoHE) 5) Prof. Dr. Zahari Taha (UMP) 6) Prof. Dr. Masjuki Haji Hassan 7) Prof. Ir. Dr. Ramesh Singh (UNITEN) 8) Prof. Dr. Razali Ayob (UTEM) 9) Prof. Dr. Wan Khairuddin (UTM) 10) Prof. Dr. Sulaiman Hj. Hasan (UTHM) 11) Prof. Dr. Zuraidah Mohd. Zain (UniMAP) 12) Prof. Dr. Horizon Gitano (USM) 13) Prof. Dr. K.V Sharma (UMP) 14) Prof. Dr. Shahrani Anuar (UMP) 15) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abd Rashid Abd. Aziz (UTP) 16) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aidy Ali (UPM) 17) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Saidur Rahman (UM) 18) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Md Abdul Maleque (UIA) Organizing Committee Chairman: Prof. Dr. Hj. Rosli Abu Bakar Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Zahari Taha Co-Chair: Prof. Ir. Dr. Jailani Salihon Secretary: Dr. Rizalman Mamat Committee on Keynote Speaker 1) Kumaran Kadirgama (Chair) 2) Prof. Dr. K.V. Sharma 3) Haji Amirruddin Abdul Kadir 4) Miminorazeansuhaila Loman 5) Mohd Akramin Mohd Romlay Technical Committee (Peer Review & Proceedings) 1) Dr. Abdul Adam Abdullah (Chair) 2) Dr. Ahmad Razlan Yusoff 3) Mohd Yusof Taib 4) Dr. Md. Mustafizur Rahman 5) Dr. Hjh. Yusnita Rahayu 6) Dr. Gigih Priyandoko 7) Dr. Agung Sudrajad 8) Muhammad Hatifi Mansor 9) Mohd Fadzil Abdul Rahim Technical Committee (Panels & Session Chairs) 1) Dr. Mahadzir Ishak (Chair) 2) Prof. Dr. Shahrani Anuar 3) Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim Mohamed 4) Muhammad Ammar Nik Mu'tasim 5) Ahmad Basirul Subha bin Alias Technical Committee (Journal Publication) 1) Dr. Ahmad Razlan bin Yusoff (Chair) 2) Mohd Yusof Taib 3) Dr. Mahadzir Ishak 4) Dr. Abdul Adam Abdullah 5) Hj. Amirruddin Abdul Kadir 6) Hadi Abdul Salaam Bureau of Publicity & Website 1) Dr. Muhamad Arifpin Mansor (Chair) 2) Amir Abdul Razak 3) Idris Mat Sahat 4) Prof. Dr. Hj. Rosli Abu Bakar 5) Muhamad Zuhairi Sulaiman 6) Dr. Sugeng Ariyono 7) Asnul Hadi Ahmad 8) Mohd Tarmizy Che Kar 9) Mohd Padzly Radzi Bureau of

La imagen del Miramamolín al Nasir (1199-1213 en las fuentes cristianas del siglo XIII

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Alvira Cabrer, Martín

1996-12-01

Full Text Available In contemporary Christian sources, the images of the Almohade calif Muhammad al-Nasir, the defeated Miramamolin in great battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212, make possible to notice mental and ideological notions shared by the Medieval West of Xlllth Century. For the Europeans, the fear to the powerful Almohade Empire reflected by sources was employed by some chroniclers, with a propagandistic intention, to improve Spanish Crusade or disparage the political and religious enemies of Papacy. For the Spaniards, the al-Nasir's image refered to his role in the campaign of 1212. About the Miramamolin, the chroniclers projected the image of "the other one" supported by the ideology of war in Christian West. Thus, the victorious king's virtues, Alphonse VIII of Castille —faith, humility, courage, loyalty and generosity— opposed to the defeated calif's vices —unbelief, pride, cowardice, disloyalty and covetousness—, generating two opposite models wich purpose was, on the one hand, to exalte the victorious Christians and, on the other hand, to create an explicative recourse of religious and providencial character for, in the chroniclers's mentality, to make sense out of the cause of Muslim desaster in the battle of 1212.[fr] Dans les sources chrétiennes contemporaines, les images du caliphe almohade Muhammad al-Nasir, le Miramamolin vaincu dans la grinde bataille de Las Navas de Tolosa (1212, permettent d'observer des notions mentales et idéologiques partagées par l'Occident médiéval du XIIIe siècle. Pour l'Europe en général, la crainte au puissant Empire Almohade que reflètent les sources, servit à certains chroniqueurs, avec un esprit propagandiste, à favoriser la Croisade d'Espagne ou à enlever le prestige aux ennemis religieuse et politiques de la Papauté. Pour les espagnols, l'image de al-Nasir se centra en son rôle pendant la campagne de 1212. Sur le Miramamolin, les chroniqueurs projetèrent l'image de "l'autre" qui soutenait

Consumer Adoption of Future MyData-Based Preventive eHealth Services: An Acceptance Model and Survey Study.

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Koivumäki, Timo; Pekkarinen, Saara; Lappi, Minna; Väisänen, Jere; Juntunen, Jouni; Pikkarainen, Minna

2017-12-22

.906, comparative fit index [CFI] 0.915, and standardized root mean square residual 0.062). According to our empirical model, the statistically significant drivers for behavioral intention were effort expectancy (beta=.191, Ptechnology adoption in the consumer context. Emphasis should especially be placed on efforts to increase consumers' self-efficacy in eHealth technology use and in supporting healthy behavior. ©Timo Koivumäki, Saara Pekkarinen, Minna Lappi, Jere Väisänen, Jouni Juntunen, Minna Pikkarainen. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 22.12.2017.

Theory of Microcrediting in Transitional Economies

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Nikola Kadoić

2009-06-01

Full Text Available In the early 1970s, Bangladeshi banker and economist Dr. Muhammad Yunus designed microcrediting – a socially sensitive and rightful system of fighting poverty and high unemployment rates. His Grameen Bank for the poorest of the poor in Bangladesh has so far lifted more than 3.2 million of individuals and their families out of poverty. After initial successes at home, microcredit was put into service for reducing unemployment and alleviating poverty in numerous countries throughout the world. This paper explores specific problems that a typical transitional country (like Croatia, is likely to face, with unemployment – the source of a vast number of related problems in a transitional society – as the focal point. The authors have attempted to incorporate particularities of a transitional economy into the original microcrediting principles. As a solution to problems afflicting the domestic economy, the authors define a global microcrediting system framework on the macroeconomic level, assuming at the same time that microcrediting of socially vulnerable groups can resolve many problems of modern transitional societies. Arising from the authors' primary intention – to consider in depth the functionality of microcrediting in general transition conditions – a transitional microcrediting system has been defined in general terms, and a corresponding financial and mathematical model developed.

Simbolisme Agama dalam Politik Islam

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Ibnu Rochman

2007-04-01

Full Text Available The study of the symbolism of religion in Islamic politic is necessary to conduct because it is vast opportunity avaliable in the reformation and democratization era for most of Indonesian representing Moslem to express thier insight and thought that various forms ranging from vulgar, the emotion and the rational one. There are among the expression using symbols, even many Moslem who are active in practical politics Islamic symbols. Considering the title of the study "the Symbolism of Religion Philosophy in Islamic Politic", the author will study the philosopher suggesting that human being is homo symbolicum and also the history of politics in Islam since the disciples of Muhammad to the present. It is expected that the method of study provide the finding that symbolism of religion in Islamic politic takes place not only at present, but also it evidences that human being is homo symbolicus. The study is literature study. The collected data is critically analyzed using interpretation and historical methods. The result of the study shows that the Moslem politicans in the history of Islamic politics used religious symbols in practice. The position of the symbolic action in religion representing the medium of human-cosmic commucation and the physical and spiritual religious communication, are also used in political practice

REAKTUALISASI AJARAN ISLAM: Studi atas Pemikiran Hukum Munawir Sjadzali

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Yunahar Ilyas

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Referring to Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya and Abu Yusuf, Munawir Sjadzali says that it is necessary to make use of rational thought based on social context in reasoning and applying a legal rule. It is historical that Caliph ‘Umar has practiced this principle in connection with the case of land loot. Instead of taking the land of Syrians as loot, the Caliph ‘Umar took tax from the land owners and distributed the money for military. In another chance, Caliph ‘Umar stopped giving zakah to mu’allaf group because there is no longer need to give them zakah in the current situation, different from what Prophet Muhammad and Caliph Abu Bakr have practiced. According to Sjadzali, there are a lot of Islamic legal issues to which an intensive attention and contextualization should be drawn, such as the law of inheritance, zakah for mu’allaf, bank interest, woman leadership, woman testimony, inter-religious marriage, non Muslim status, slavery, et cetera. The main idea of Sjadzali’s thought is the necessity to take social and cultural context of the society into account at comprehending, and then concluding a legal decision from, Quranic verses concerning with social life, though this will led to not apply the extrinsic meaning of those verses.

A brief look at the role of fasting in mental health and its correspondence with advances in psychology

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Maryam Hosseini Almosavi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The robust increase in mental disorders, elevated use of sedatives and increased number of psychiatric hospitals, even in developed countries, indicate the need for preparing the human mind against tribulations. Although industrial advances have provided mankind with comfort, they have also increased the level of stress and psychological traumas. Here, the question arises as how we can free individuals from mental damages and stress in order to sustain mental health and pave the way for growth and excellence. In this article, we aimed to investigate the influence of fasting on mental health, according to “Shabaniyah Sermon” by Prophet Muhammad and new psychological findings. It should be mentioned that such comparison requires comprehensive research and further studies. In this article, we evaluated various cognitive measures such as “faith in God” and “worship”, as well as behavioral strategies, e.g., “repentance” and “honoring kinship”. These practices are based on humans’ spiritual needs and psychologists’ ideas and have great impacts on human health and prevention of psychological traumas. The main purpose of this study was to identify factors which harm the human spirit and deprive an individual of mental health. By identifying these factors, we can provide the grounds for growth and prosperity.

The Occurrence of Anomalous Conductance Plateaus and Spin Textures in Quantum Point Contacts

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Wan, J.; Cahay, M.; Debray, P.; Newrock, R.

2010-03-01

Recently, we used a NEGF formalism [1] to provide a theoretical explanation for the experimentally observed 0.5G0 (G0=2e^2/h) plateau in the conductance of side-gated quantum point contacts (QPCs) in the presence of lateral spin-orbit coupling (LSOC) [2]. We showed that the 0.5G0 plateau appears in the QPCs without any external magnetic field as a result of three ingredients: an asymmetric lateral confinement, a LSOC, and a strong electron-electron (e-e) interaction. In this report, we present the results of simulations for a wide range of QPC dimensions and biasing parameters showing that the same physics predicts the appearance of other anomalous plateaus at non-integer values of G0, including the well-known 0.7G0 anomaly. These features are related to a plethora of spin textures in the QPC that depend sensitively on material, device, biasing parameters, temperature, and the strength of the e-e interaction. [1] J. Wan, M. Cahay, P. Debray, and R.S. Newrock, Phys. Rev. B 80, 155440 (2009). [2] P. Debray, S.M. Rahman, J. Wan, R.S. Newrock, M. Cahay, A.T. Ngo, S.E. Ulloa, S.T. Herbert, M. Muhammad, and M. Johnson, Nature Nanotech. 4, 759 (2009).

Egypt’s Red Sea Coast: Phylogenetic analysis of cultured microbial consortia in industrialized sites

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Ghada A. Mustafa

2014-08-01

Full Text Available The Red Sea has a unique geography and ecosystem and its shores are very rich in mangrove, macro-algae and coral reefs. Different sources of pollution are affecting the Red Sea shores and waters which impacts biological life including microbial life. We assessed the effects of industrialization, along the Egyptian Red Sea coast in eight coastal sites and two lakes, on microbial life. The bacterial community in sediment samples was analyzed using bacterial 16S rDNApyrosequencing of V6-V4 hypervariable regions. Taxonomical assignment of 131,402 significant reads to major bacterial taxa revealed five main bacterial phyla dominating the sampled Red Sea sites. This includes Proteobacteria (68%, Firmicutes (13%, Fusobacteria (12%, Bacteriodetes (6% and Spirochetes (0.03%. Further analysis revealed distinct bacterial consortium formed mainly of: 1 marine Vibrio’s- suggesting a Marine Vibrio phenomenon 2 potential human pathogens and 3 oil-degrading bacteria. We discuss a distinct microbial consortium in Solar Lake West near Taba/Eilat and Saline Lake in Ras Muhammad; revealing the highest abundance of human pathogens versus no pathogens, respectively. Our results draw attention to the affects of industrialization on the Red Sea, and suggest further analysis to overcome hazardous affects on the impacted sites.

PANDANGAN NU-MUHAMMADIYYAH TENTANG HADITS IFTIRÂQ AL-UMMAH

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Hasan Su’aidi

2013-05-01

Full Text Available The declaring of the Hadist “Muslims will be divided into 73 groups; all of them will go to hell, but only the one that will be saved, and it is called Ahlu al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah”, well-known as Hadist of Iftirâq al-Ummah, made some multi-interpretations among Muslims, including distortion ones. The hadist was considered to be unsuitable for plural society. Muslims traditionally leaned to claim their own group as “the saved one” (Ahlu al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah and disrespect to others. This kind of interpretation will likely be unfair to develop multi cultural and plural country like Indonesia. This research exposes the real meaning of the Hadist according to the Islamic law maker (Allah as God and Muhammad as his prophet through the depth research of Hadist. This action aims to find out the appropriate meaning of the Hadist instead of bias one. In another side, this research shows up the meaning of the Hadist according to Islamic mass organizations, as representation of Muslim groups. This research used descriptive analytic method, which combined field research with library research mutually, so were the primary and secondary data.

PENGEMBANGAN MORAL ANAK USIA DINI DALAM MEMBENTUK ETIKA WIRAUSAHA

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Leonita Siwiyanti

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Corruption and honesty become a rare item and hard to find. And the key to the success of a company is their honesty enforced by truly sunggh. This causes the importance of ethics in entrepreneurship, so that the application and development of early moral indispensable. Where early childhood is the foundation early in the formation of ethics as a whole, particularly the entrepreneurial ethic. So that habituation and moral development of early childhood, such as: honesty, discipline, confidence, and leadership can be established early on. In the moral development for early childhood needs to be done very carefully. This is because early childhood is children who are in the stage of development of pre-operational concrete, while moral values are concepts that are abstract, so that in this case the children are not able to necessarily accept what is taught by teacher / parent is abstract rapidly. For that "old man" must be clever to choose and determine the methods used to inculcate moral values to children. Ceenderung storytelling method is more widely used, because early childhood is usually happy when listening to stories from parents / teachers. One of the stories that match the entrepreneurial ethic is the paragon of our Prophet Muhammad.

A study on feasibility of super adobe technology –an energy efficient building system using natural resources in Bangladesh

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Kamal, Razia; Saifur Rahman, Md.

2018-04-01

The inspiration and concept for the Superadobe system originates not from the modern architecture design experience, but from the influence of traditional rural buildings and landscape, together with a 13th century Persian poet named Jala Ad-Din Muhammad Balkhi, Rumi. The poetry sprit of Rumi, connects and enlightens the architectural theme of Nader Khalili with natural resources that anybody in the world should be able to build a home for his or her family with the simplest of elements: Earth, Water, Air and Fire. Therefore, to build a human shelter that will give maximum safety with low financial budget and minimum environmental impact with natural disaster resilient a Superadobe Technology has been adopted. The Superadobe, a form of earth bag construction using sandbag and barbed wire technology, is an economical, time efficient, energy efficient and ecologically friendly system developed by Iranian-born architect “Nader Khalili”. The system connects the natural materials and rural traditions to create a new way to use natural materials such as mud, water, air and fire which can be finished in a short time without any large construction equipment. The goal of this study is to introduce the building system, analyse the ventilation, lighting and insulation of the prototype of Superadobe system replacing the contextual earth house in Bangladesh.

PERJUMPAAN ISLAM DAN KATOLIK (Upaya Mencari Akar Epistemologi Tentang Konsep Keselamatan

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Abdullah Muthalib

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Every religion has a concept of salvation based on transcendent values of the religion. Islam as a religion of revelation has the concept of salvation based on the messages contained Allah in the Qur’an and Hadith of the Prophet are valid. With reference to the ethical principles of Islam, the doctrine of salvation is the main point ranging in religion, with this principle, people feel the need to claim to believe and submit to the values of the revealed God. A person of faith is essentially aims to achieve safety, both in his life on earth and in the Hereafter. In the Catholic Christian religion also found a number of principles are the same theology that is taught about the importance of safety. In the book of the old covenant and new covenant be emphasized that the safety ranging point in the theology. In Islam and Catholicism, the concept of divinity is the same both believe in Almighty God (monotheism. Both believe that Isa (Jesus and Muhammad. As the bearer of divine revelation. Although Islam to explain the concept of the deity in various contexts and meanings, while the Catholic meaning of salvation is placed in a variety of different verses, but the meaning remains the same.

The Role of the Temple Mount / Al-Haram Al-Sharif in the Deterioration of Muslim–Jewish Relations

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Moshe Ma'oz

2014-12-01

Full Text Available For both Jews and Muslims the Temple Mount and the Old City of Jerusalem constitute highly important religious, cultural, political and national centres. For centuries Jews in the diaspora prayed in the direction of Jerusalem, vowed never to forget it (‘If I forget thee Jerusalem, may my right arm wither’; and blessed one another ‘Next year in Jerusalem’. The Zionist-Jewish movement (since the 1880s – although predominantly secular – has considered Jerusalem (Zion as the political and cultural centre of the Jewish people.By comparison, the Palestinian-Arab national movement has, since the 1920s established its national and political-cultural centre in East Jerusalem, while the Haram al Sharif, particularly the Al-Aqsa Mosque, has continued to be a top religious shrine for Muslims. They termed it Awla Al-Qiblatayn (the first prayer direction before Mecca; Thani Masjidayn (the second mosque after Mecca; a place where Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven (Isra’ and Mi’raj.This article will examine the changes in Muslim–Jewish mutual relations, especially since 1967, at both government and public levels. Special attention will be given to the development of both Islamic Judeophobia and Jewish Islamophobia, which have been associated with the dispute over the Temple Mount and East Jerusalem.

Ulama Perempuan dan Dekonstruksi Fiqih Patriarkis

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Yayuk Fauziyah

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In the historiography of Islam, female ulama did not as yet receive a sufficient attention from both the historians and the masses. It is this unfortunate thing that this paper is concerned with. It traces the origin of this marginalization—as it were—and finds out that all this is due to the domination of male ulama in the whole history of Islamic thought. While this domination might be acceptable for some, the unfortunate thing is that the male ulama in their turn will offer the patriarchal interpretation of Islam often at the expenses of women. This paper challenges this form of interpretation and calls for the necessity of methodological deconstruction toward a better and more humane understanding of Islam. It supports the efforts of Muhammad Arkoun whose critical method focuses on four stages of analysis in relation to the interpretation of religious text. These are historical analysis, anthropological, sociological and linguistic analysis. The first three are contextual while the fourth is textual. In its analysis, the paper employs an approach that represents a sound and acceptable balance between patriarchy and matriarchy. It believes that gender-based prejudices must be eradicated if we are to produce enlightened discourses of religion.

Targeting cancers in the gastrointestinal tract: role of capecitabine

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Muhammad Wasif Saif

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Wasif SaifYale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAAbstract: Capecitabine is currently the only novel, orally home-administered fluorouracil prodrug. It offers patients more freedom from hospital visits and less inconvenience and complications associated with infusion devices. The drug has been extensively studied in large clinical trials in many solid tumors, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, and many others. Furthermore, the drug compares favorably with fluorouracil in patients with such cancers, with a safe toxicity profile, consisting mainly of gastrointestinal and dermatologic adverse effects. Whereas gastrointestinal events and hand-foot syndrome occur often with capecitabine, the tolerability profile is comparatively favorable. Prompt recognition of severe adverse effects is the key to successful management of capecitabine. Ongoing and future clinical trials will continue to examine, and likely expand, the role of capecitabine as a single agent and/or in combination with other anticancer agents for the treatment of gastrointestinal as well as other solid tumors, both in the advanced palliative and adjuvant settings. The author summarizes the current data on the role of capecitabine in the management of gastrointestinal cancers. Keywords: 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, chemotherapy, adjuvant, advanced, colon cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular cancer, pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, rectal cancer, anal cancer

PERBUDAKAN MODERN (MODERN SLAVERY (ANALISIS SEJARAH DAN PENDIDIKAN

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Muhamad Tisna Nugraha

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Slavery is a form of employing a person and putting him/her under the control of another. Such control includes restriction, use of physical energy or perhaps even his/her mind without compensation such as a decent wage or other forms of respect. Slavery does not always appear in the form of physical pressure, but it can also be in the psychological form by demanding someone to do something for the interests of another due to power, indebtedness or religious texts. Traces of slavery in the course of human history, in fact, have been found since ancient times in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Europe or Arabia. It can also be found in the practice of Abrahamic religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. So it is undeniable that slavery is not a novelty and will always appear in the historical journey of human life with a variety of forms. The Islam religion brought by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh, as one of the Abrahamic religions is basically against slavery. It can be seen from the history and from its teachings against the practice of slavery. Islam also strongly advocates respect for the rights of a slave especially for labor. Therefore, all forms and manifestation of slavery, including in the field of education must be resolved immediately.

Relations between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Kazan Khanate (1506–1552

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Ya.V. Pilipchuk

2014-09-01

Full Text Available This article considers the relationship between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Khanate of Kazan. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics and characteristics of the relations of the Kazan Khanate with Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Jagiellonian eastern policy is rightfully considered as one of the most important policy directions of the Polish Kings and Grand Dukes of Lithuania in the 16th century. Researchers have traditionally paid much more attention to the history of relations of the Crimean Khanate with Lithuania and Poland. Relations of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with Kazan Khanate have been considered in the source study articles by D. Mustafina and B. Trepavlov analyzing the content of documents preserved in the Lithuanian State Archives (Lithuanian Methric. The main theme of this article is the military and political history of Eastern Europe in the first half of the 16th century. The author aims to clarify to what extent the European policy of the Kazan Khanate depended on the personalities of Sahib Giray and Safa Giray and their personal relations with Sigismund I the Old. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the author is the first to present to the researchers’ attention a complete picture of the Kazan-Lithuanian relations rather than focusing on particular issues of relations between the individual Grand Dukes and khans. The article examines the history of the interaction of the Kazan Tatars with Lithuanians and Poles in the context of relations of Lithuania with the Russian State and Crimean Khanate. Attempts to establish an anti-Russian alliance were undertaken during the first half of the 16th century. Mohammed Amin, from the dynasty of Ulugh Muhammad, expressed interest in the establishment of the union in 1506 only by the fact that it was profitable for him. In 1516–1518, the proposals of Sigismund I the Old to make an alliance did not meet the response in Kazan. In general, the dynasty of Ulugh Muhammad

ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHICS BETWEEN REALITY

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Hasyim Nawawi

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Sesungguhnya sejarah etika bisnis Islam tidak dapat dipisahkan dari sejarah induknya yakni ekonomi Islam, sedangkan ekonomi Islam berusia setua Islam itu sendiri. Sebagaimana kita ketahui, misi mulia Rasulullah SAW. di muka bumi adalah membangun masyarakat yang beradab. Adapun prinsip-prinsip dasar etika bisnis Islam yang ditanamkan oleh Rasulullah adalah sebagai berikut: (1 berlandaskan ketauhidan (keesaan, (2 keadilan (keseimbangan, (3 kebebasan berikhtiyar, (4 amanah (bertanggung jawab, (5 menegakkan kebenaran, kebajikan dan kejujuran. Dalam konteks keindonesiaan, penegakan hukum dalam bisnis sebenarnya sebagian besar sudah dilaksanakan, meskipun pelaksanaannya berbeda dengan bisnis yang dijalankan pada masa awal peradaban Islam. Pada awal peradaban Islam sudah terdapat lembaga pengawasan (al-hisbah yang fungsinya adalah meninjau keberadaan bisnis di pasar, baik dari segi halal dan haramnya produk yang dijual, ukuran timbangan, kejujuran seorang penjual, dan hal-hal lain yang merugikan. Ukuran penegakan  hukum di Indonesia didasarkan atas klausul yang menyangkut hal-hal yang merugikan orang lain, bukan terkait halal dan haramnya produk. Dalam implementasinya diharapkan pelaku bisnis mampu melaksanakan dengan menekankan pada cara yang dikenalkan Islam dalam etika berbisnis yang Islami. Bisnis dalam bidang-bidang yang halal, bermanfaat positif, tidak dengan penipuan, harus disampaikan dengan apa adanya (jujur, serta tidak merusak lingkungan dan  ekosistem yang lainnya. Abstract: Actually, the history of the Islamic business ethics cannot be separated from its parent’s history which is the Islamic economics, whereas the Islamic economics is as old as the religion of Islam itself. As we know, the noble mission of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him in this world is to build a civilized society. The basic principles of Islamic business ethics instilled by Muhammad is follows: (1 based on tawhid (oneness of Allah, (2 justice

Encapsulation of Probiotics for use in Food Products

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Manojlović, Verica; Nedović, Viktor A.; Kailasapathy, Kasipathy; Zuidam, Nicolaas Jan

diarrhea, enhancement of the immune system, reduction of lactose-intolerance, reduction of serum cholesterol levels, anticarcinogenic activity, and improved nutritional value of foods (Kailasapathy and Chin 2000; Lourens-Hattingh and Viljoen 2001; Mattila-Sandholm et al. 2002). The mechanisms by which probiotics exert their effects are largely unknown, but may involve modifying gut pH, antagonizing pathogens through production of antimicrobial and antibacterial compounds, competing for pathogen binding, and receptor cites, as well as for available nutrients and growth factors, stimulating immunomodulatory cells, and producing lactase (Kopp-Hoolihan 2001).

Interfaith education: An Islamic perspective

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Pallavicini, Yahya Sergio Yahe

2016-08-01

According to a teaching of the Prophet Muhammad, "the quest for knowledge is the duty of each Muslim, male or female", where knowledge is meant as the discovery of the real value of things and of oneself in relationship with the world in which God has placed us. This universal dimension of knowledge is in fact a wealth of wisdom of the traditional doctrine naturally linked to the cultural and spiritual heritage of every human being and every believer of every faith. It allows for the respect of internal and external differences as positive elements of the cultural and spiritual heritage of mankind. In this sense, intercultural and interfaith education plays a fundamental role and fits naturally within the Islamic religious education framework. The author of this article is Vice-President and Imam of the Islamic Religious Community in Italy (Comunità Religiosa Islamica [COREIS] Italiana), an organisation which has been providing teachers and students with training on Islam and interfaith dialogue for almost twenty years with the support of the regional and national offices of the Italian Ministry of Public Education. Referring to existing interreligious and intercultural societies such as Azerbaijan, and a number of successful initiatives and projects, several of which COREIS is involved in, he demonstrates how interfaith education can effectively contribute to preventing the diffusion of anti-Semitism, Islamophobia and radicalism.

The Family’s Entity and Challenges Along with Their Solution According to the Prophetic Tradition

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Muhammad Najib Alim

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Family is a union resulted from an opened agreement regarding to certain mutual enjoyment, in order that both of husband and wife may comfort each other legally. It comes along with the couple’s right and responsibilities as well. The Prophet Muhammad, even before his prophecy had taught us that family is the first social institution for any tribes or nations that elevated into this being, besides of deserving to get high position in the society. The term of family life is an ongoing issue based on the running time and place, social distinction, and different values brought such challenges that threatened modern families and hindered the aforementioned purposes. It might happen due to some factors, such as weakened family’s role and influenced the ideal form of the family. The family will come into the rapid changes of brainstorming and facing the challenges of how to maintain the good condition, such commonly happened as result of the weakness to create religious and educational sense, which generally encountered by the modern families. Some the real problems raised today are, the women left their houses for working and the lack of children education. It is explained over this paper that Islam has already given the women right to preferring career and employment, as well as performing political role with a condition that it has made them sustainable.

Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of budesonide in experimental colitis with enzyme/pH dual-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles

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Naeem M

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Muhammad Naeem, Jiafu Cao, Moonjeong Choi, Woo Seong Kim, Hyung Ryong Moon, Bok Luel Lee, Min-Soo Kim, Yunjin Jung, Jin-Wook Yoo College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea Abstract: Current colon-targeted drug-delivery approaches for colitis therapy often utilize single pH-triggered systems, which are less reliable due to the variation of gut pH in individuals and in disease conditions. Herein, we prepared budesonide-loaded dual-sensitive nanoparticles using enzyme-sensitive azo-polyurethane and pH-sensitive methacrylate copolymer for the treatment of colitis. The therapeutic potential of the enzyme/pH dual-sensitive nanoparticles was evaluated using a rat colitis model and compared to single pH-triggered nanoparticles. Clinical activity scores, colon/body weight ratios, myeloperoxidase activity, and proinflammatory cytokine levels were markedly decreased by dual-sensitive nanoparticles compared to single pH-triggered nanoparticles and budesonide solution. Moreover, dual-sensitive nanoparticles accumulated selectively in inflamed segments of the colon. In addition, dual-sensitive nanoparticle plasma concentrations were lower than single pH-triggered nanoparticles, and no noticeable in vitro or in vivo toxicity was observed. Our results demonstrate that enzyme/pH dual-sensitive nanoparticles are an effective and safe colon-targeted delivery system for colitis therapy. Keywords: azo-polyurethane, methacrylate copolymer, budesonide, colon-targeted nanoparticles, colitis

Dakwah Islam Dan Radikalisme Agama

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M. Bisri Djalil

2016-03-01

Full Text Available A thing closely related to bustle the life of the religious contemporary is radicalism phenomenon. The question is: Does Islam teach radicalism? The answer of this question always problematic. It is caused by every religion (either Islam or the other viewed as an acceptance that granted as a divinity instrument that teaches everything in goodness. Islam is a religion that provide of security, comfort, calmness as more strengthening for all its adherents. In Indonesia, radical Islamic groups often associated with groups like company of Salafy (Bandung, Islamic Youth Front (FPIS, Islamic Defender Front (FPI, Jihad’s Troop of Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jama’ah, The Tribunal of Indonesian Mujahidin, Hizbut Tahrir of Indonesia. The movement of Islam in Indonesia cannot be viewed as a monolithic movement or uniform in the same of political interest. That moment, political global movement has variation in the perspective, motive, strategy and action. One thing that same as the source of radicalism is the definition of the concept of jihad. Eventually, the construction of jihad affects the Islamic propaganda (dakwah ideology and movement. Ideally the realization of the concept of Jihad is not led to radicalism. If indeed reflect to the era of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh, then it must be conceived with the conditions encountered at that time.

Comprehending Peace in Religious Propagation in Islam

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Hayati Aydin

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The word ‘Islam’ manifests its meaning to the word peace which provides security and serenity to individuals and the community. The article focuses on this dimension of Islam and aims to present evidence from religious sources which assert that Islam is not a religion that supports terrorism but a religion which emphasizes peace and salvation. As a noun, the word ‘Islam’ is a system of beliefs revealed by Allah to Muhammad (pbuh. In retrospect, in its verb form Islam is derived from the infinitive of transitive four category verbs namely if’al, Islam is “ef’ale-yüf’ilus” infinitive form. The root of this word is also derived from the infinitive Arabic trilateral root of silm or salamet (peace and security. For this reason Islam is not only encyclopaedic definition referring to submitting or resigning oneself or one’s person to God or the will of God, surrendering to the will of Allah (God, but also has the transitive meaning (ta’diyat, becoming (sayrurat, becoming of anything over an adjective and criterion (ta’ridh. Islam is not only the believer’s submission to Allah, but it also has peace and safety that spreads right throughout to others. It is therefore, benefitting every individual as well as the society.

DAKWAH ISLAM DAN RADIKALISME AGAMA

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M. Isfironi M. Bisri Djalil

2016-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT A thing closely related to bustle the life of the religious contemporary is radicalism phenomenon. The question is: Does Islam teach radicalism? The answer of this question always problematic. It is caused by every religion (either Islam or the other viewed as an acceptance that granted as a divinity instrument that teaches everything in goodness. Islam is a religion that provide of security, comfort, calmness as more strengthening for all its adherents. In Indonesia, radical Islamic groups often associated with groups like company of Salafy (Bandung, Islamic Youth Front (FPIS, Islamic Defender Front (FPI, Jihad’s Troop of Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jama’ah, The Tribunal of Indonesian Mujahidin, Hizbut Tahrir of Indonesia. The movement of Islam in Indonesia cannot be viewed as a monolithic movement or uniform in the same of political interest. That moment, political global movement has variation in the perspective, motive, strategy and action. One thing that same as the source of radicalism is the definition of the concept of jihad. Eventually, the construction of jihad affects the Islamic propaganda (dakwah ideology and movement. Ideally the realization of the concept of Jihad is not led to radicalism. If indeed reflect to the era of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh, then it must be conceived with the conditions encountered at that time.   Key Words: Islamic Propaganda, Jihad, Radicalism

Metodologi Hukum Islam ‘Abd al-Halîm Mahmûd

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M. Lathoif Ghozali

2015-09-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the concept of ijtihâd (legal reasoning and the typology of legal thought of ‘Abd al-Halîm Mahmûd. According to Mahmûd, ijtihad is devoting all abilities of a mujtahid to arrive at the essence and substance of a problem intended by the Prophet Muhammad. This definition is supported by the division of ijtihâd into two: ijtihâd istinbâtî, the object of which is the texts of the Qur’ân or the Sunnah, and ijtihâd tatbîqî, the object of which is legal problems of the time. Mahmud maintains that a mujtahid should meet certain qualifications such as the abilities of understanding Arabic language, memorizing the Qur’ân, understanding asbâb al-nuzûl (causes of revelation, memorizing the Traditions of the Prophet related to legal matters, and the brilliance in making legal reasoning and conclusions. Mahmûd belongs to moderate group that agrees with the formalization of private laws, while public laws in his view serve only as materials for national laws. Mahmûd also gives an emphasis on the integration between nass (text and maqâsid al-sharî‘ah (the objectives of law.

Diagnosis of hepatoma using grayscale and Doppler ultrasound in patients with chronic liver disease

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Idris S

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Wasim A Memon, Zishan Haider, Mirza Amanullah Beg, Muhammad Idris, Tanveer-ul-Haq, Waseem Akhtar, Sidra IdrisRadiology Department, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan Every author contributed equally to the workObjective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of liver ultrasound for the detection of hepatoma in chronic liver disease (CLD patients by either taking histopathology or serum α-fetoprotein levels or a biphasic computed tomography (CT scan (whichever is available as the gold standard.Study design: Cross-sectional.Place and duration of study: Radiology Department, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2007 to January 2010.Methods: A total of 239 patients (156 males and 83 females with clinical suspicion or surveillance of hepatoma in CLD referred to the radiology department for ultrasound evaluation followed by either liver biopsy and histopathology or serum α-fetoprotein level or biphasic CT scan.Results: The sensitivity of ultrasound for hepatoma detection in CLD was 65%, specificity was 85%, and accuracy was 70%, and positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92% and 45%, respectively.Conclusion: Ultrasound is a relatively quick, safe, reasonably accurate, and noninvasive imaging modality for the detection of hepatoma in CLD and can be complemented with clinical assessment of screening high-risk patients.Keywords: hepatoma, ultrasound, radiology, chronic liver disease

Islam Dan Radikalisme (Diskursus: Perilaku Kekerasan Atas Nama Agama Di Indonesia

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Mukhamat Saini

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Islam and Religious Radicalism are happening in Indonesia have been meaningful and double-faced. So, it can be said that Islam ancient (classic with the contemporary (modern are very different and even contrary to what has been taught by the Prophet Muhammad and that has been stated in the Qur'an. Radicalism that emerged in Indonesia are mostly departing from dissatisfaction and their desire to make or implement Islamic law in Indonesia. For them, the injustice, the amount of corruption, prolonged crisis and disharmony between the rich and the poor are the result of failure to apply the Islamic law. Radicalism is not suitable in Islamic teaching, so it is not worth to be addressed in the Islamic religion. Because the real Islam there is not such thing radicalism. In the Qur'an and the Hadith it self ordered his people to respect and love and be gentle to others although the followers of other faiths. Violence in the name of religion that led to this kind of distortion understanding of Islam. Religious legitimacy toward the act of violence has very complex content. In this context, at least there are two important factors that led Islamic religion is seen as "problematic" because of misguided thinking and misinterpretation the meaning and understanding of "jihad".

Konsep Ilmu dalam Islam

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Achmad Reza Hutama al-Faruqi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Concept of science in Islam has its own universal dimension, metaphysic and empiric, and diffenrent from sciences came from Western worldview which limited in empiric dimension. It will be in the case that the concept of science in Islam is one of integral part of Islamic worldview; so that it has its own characteristics differed from another concept of science in other civilizations. Science according to Islamic worldview is not only cover substance of knowledge, but becomes important element in civilization as well. Related to the important of position of science, number of scholar such as Ibnu Khaldun, Imam al Ghazali, or Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas gave several features of science to know which one has higher priority, to be associated with how the concept of science in Islam decided later. From the discussion offered by the scholars, it will be understood that science in Islam not only encompasses theology and law, but also there is a row of other sciences such as physics, biology, and so forth need to be studied. The acquisition method of each branch of sciences have their own approach, both of internal and external sense, khabar s}a>diq, and the third is intellect. A Muslim should solidly hold the Islamic tradition and not too impressed with the tradition of Western scholarly even it looks more attractive.

CORAK ILMI DALAM TAFSIR KEMENAG (EDISI YANG DISEMPURNAKAN

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Jauhar Azizy

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The development of science and technology has led to the emergence of patterns of scientific (laun ‘ilmi interpretation as a new mode of interpretation of the Qur’an. Scientific pattern is in line with the development of a more rational method of interpretation (tafsir bi al - ra'yi. The existence of a scientific pattern is very important to be able to measure the close relationship between Islam and the development of science. One trigger of scientific pattern is the dialectic between Western and Muslim scholars . This paper will attempt to show the scientific interpretation in Al-Qur’an and Tafsirnya (Edisi Yang Disempurnakan, Ministry of Religious Affairs, 2004 and how the scientific pattern was formed in its interpretation. The results of this article argues that Al-Qur’an dan Tafsirnya (Edisi yang Disempurnakan, Ministry of Religious Affairs, 2004 very respond to the development of science in its interpretation. It is not only some of Interpration Team is an alumni of the University of Al-Azhar, Egypt, which is influenced by the thought of Muhammad Abduh, but also involves scientists from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI when interpreting the verses of the Qur'an that contain scientific cues. It is not contrary to the spirit of the Qur'an that encourage the growth and advancement of the development of science and technology.

Cultural and gender-related differences of concepts of love between Iranian and Swiss adults based on Hafez’ poetry of love

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Hafez Bajoghli

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Falling and being in love is a cross-cultural universal. The poet Khwaja Šams ud-Din Muhammad Hafez-e Širazi, or simply Hafez (14th century D.C., an important influence for both Persian and European culture, is noted for his love poetry. The first aim of the present study was to check to what extent items of a current questionnaire of love match themes of love found in Hafez‘ poetry. Then, we explored gender- and cultural differences in the importance of these themes. First, themes of Hafez‘s poems were compared with the items of Fisher‘s ―Being in Love Inventory‖. Second, a set of items was presented to Iranian and Swiss female and male adult participants (N=325; age (years: M =31.29; SD =16.28; 161 Iranian; 164 Swiss. Generally, cultural differences were weak. Female participants agreed more with the assumption of love as taking one away from reality. Swiss male participants reported an increased ambivalence towards the partner, and Iranian female participants reported an increased fear of being betrayed. Our results seem to confirm that Hafez‘s themes of love are still up-to-date, and that falling and being in love is a cross-cultural universal, though with some subtle cultural and gender-related differences.

SINTAGMATIK-PARADIGMATIK SYAHRUR DALAM TEKS AL-QUR’AN

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Mia Fitriah Elkarimah

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Contemporary muslim thinker mostly from Islamic dicipline, but not for Muhammad Syahrur (here in after referred as: Syahrur who interested in islamic issue without Islamic background, can offers many ideas in his book, al-Kitab wa al-Qur’an, this book is the first book published, “this book is contemporer reading of interpreting the holy book of the Qur’an” by analysis of the 20th century; which means that his opinion of the Qur’an must be interpreted according to the present methodology, Al -Qur'an is a revelation and guidance for mankind, so that the Qur'an can be understood as a whole for humans throughout the period naturally. From that then, the linguistic approach was used by Shahrur in digging up the secrets of His message. This research wants to explain format of Syahrur’s linguistic approach which related laws of verses of the Qur’an. Actually, discuss all his linguisticc approach are very interesting, but the writer just take the syntagmatic - paradigmatic analysis of the term al - istiqamah and al - Hanif. From this reasearch, there are two basic formulations problems, firstly how Shahrur analyze these two words by using syntagmatic - paradigmatic analysis and what advantages and disadvantages which offered Shahrur in this analysis. This reseach used library research models, and focus on analytical descriptions from his book by qualitative model.

Menjinakkan Barat dengan Oksidentalisme: Gagasan Kiri Islam Hassan Hanafî

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Suharti Suharti

2006-12-01

Full Text Available In the scholarly thoughts, some recognized Muslim scholars are among them: Nashr Hamîd Abû Zayd, Zia Ghokap, Muhammad Syahrûr, Amina Wadûd, and Hassan Hanafî. They were known for their brilliant ideas and theories in perceiving problems and finding ways out of the problems related either to Islamic affairs and the Muslims or even for the welfare of the whole humankind. The ideas that they offered through writings become inspirations and triggers to Islamic development to compete with the West. It is relative to consider one’s idea as extraordinary or ordinary. In this case, Hassan Hanafi, as one of Muslim scholars, tried to offer an idea popularly known as “al-Yasâr al-Islâmî” or “Islamic Left”. The idea proposed in the “Islamic Left” is an effort to bring back Islam and the Muslims to the previous golden era by eliminating every threat to Islam. This revolution is based on three main considerations: revitalization of classical literature, reality of Islamic world and the needs to fight against western civilization.This article is intended to trace the path of the existence of “Islamic Left” developed by Hassan Hanafî from historical background, terminology, school of thoughts, and Hassan Hanafî’s way of thinking.

“Islamic Moderation” in Perspectives: A Comparison Between Oriental And Occidental Scholarships

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Tazul Islam

2016-02-01

Full Text Available ‘Islamic moderation’has received a great deal of academic and media attention both in the West and in the East. Yet, the denotation of the very term still remains abundantly paradoxical as different regions and contexts provide different sheds of meanings. In the western scholarship, Islamic moderation is concerned with liberal social norms, hermeneutics, political pluralism, democratic process, organizational affinities, and views of state legitimacy over the monopoly of violence, some kind of adaptation, willingness to cooperate or compromise. However, it is by no means exhaustive as its definition in Islamic scholarship provides some unlike constituents. To define moderation, Muslim scholars, firstly explores to lexical meanings of its Arabic substitute “wasatiyyah”. Secondly, they explore the textual meanings of the word “wasatiyyah” used in the orthodox text i.e the Quran and traditions (Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh. According to them, moderation is a best suited, justly balanced or middle position between two extremes i.e. extremism and laxity. Their use of the term, is contextualized in terms of counter-extremism, modest socio-religious behaviour and temperate legal position. This research finds out a considerable textual and contextual difference in the use of the term ‘Islamic moderation’ between the East and the West. Hence, this study aims to explore the lack of integration between both scholarships in this issue.

“Islamic Moderation” in Perspectives: A Comparison Between Oriental and Occidental Scholarships

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Tazul Islam

2015-06-01

Full Text Available ‘Islamic moderation’ has received a great deal of academic and media attention both in the West and in the East. Yet, the denotation of the very term still remains abundantly paradoxical as different regions and contexts provide different sheds of meanings. In the western scholarship, Islamic moderation is concerned with liberal social norms, hermeneutics, political pluralism, democratic process, organizational affinities, and views of state legitimacy over the monopoly of violence, some kind of adaptation, willingness to cooperate or compromise. However, it is by no means exhaustive as its definition in Islamic scholarship provides some unlike constituents. To define moderation, Muslim scholars, firstly explores to lexical meanings of its Arabic substitute “wasatiyyah”. Secondly, they explore the textual meanings of the word “wasatiyyah” used in the orthodox text i.e the Quran and traditions (Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh. According to them, moderation is a best suited, justly balanced or middle position between two extremes i.e. extremism and laxity. Their use of the term, is contextualized in terms of counter-extremism, modest socio-religious behaviour and temperate legal position. This research finds out a considerable textual and contextual difference in the use of the term ‘Islamic moderation’ between the East and the West. Hence, this study aims to explore the lack of integration between both scholarships in this issue. 

Developing control points for halal slaughtering of poultry.

Science.gov (United States)

Shahdan, I A; Regenstein, J M; Shahabuddin, A S M; Rahman, M T

2016-07-01

Halal (permissible or lawful) poultry meat production must meet industry, economic, and production needs, and government health requirements without compromising the Islamic religious requirements derived from the Qur'an and the Hadiths (the actions and sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him). Halal certification authorities may vary in their interpretation of these teachings, which leads to differences in halal slaughter requirements. The current study proposes 6 control points (CP) for halal poultry meat production based on the most commonly used halal production systems. CP 1 describes what is allowed and prohibited, such as blood and animal manure, and feed ingredients for halal poultry meat production. CP 2 describes the requirements for humane handling during lairage. CP 3 describes different methods for immobilizing poultry, when immobilization is used, such as water bath stunning. CP 4 describes the importance of intention, details of the halal slaughter, and the equipment permitted. CP 5 and CP 6 describe the requirements after the neck cut has been made such as the time needed before the carcasses can enter the scalding tank, and the potential for meat adulteration with fecal residues and blood. It is important to note that the proposed halal CP program is presented as a starting point for any individual halal certifying body to improve its practices. © 2016 Poultry Science Association Inc.

حسن وثوق الدولة ودوره السياسي في إيران (1905-1920

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احمد يونس زويد الجشعمي

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Wothoq Al – Dawla is the most important political personalities which appeared in the end of Gajarian era (1796 – 1925 which brought up and taught in the rulers castles of Gajarian , especially that his uncle (Ameen Al – Dawla was one of these , when he became a young man his father has oppointed (Mutamad Al – Dawla as his assistant in Collecting Azerbaijan's tax with the agreement of Nassir Al – Deen Shah . As a result of standing rebels of the constitutioned movement against the treaty between Russia and Britain in 1907 which divided Iran into Russian influence areas in the north and a British in the south and an entral area in the Middle , Muhammad Ali Shah is obliged to leave the Country and appoint the Crown prince Ahmed Shah instead of him . He has been chosen as a justice minister and finance minister after his winning the election of Shoura Council in 1909 . Ahmed Shah once again has chosen Wothoq Al – Dawla in 7 Aug. 1918 to form government , he has been considered a betrayal by the opponents of holding the government between Iran and Britain in 1919 , he was hated and neglected by Iranian people accusing him of selling Iran to Britain to resign who was obliged to do that in 23 June 1920 .

Metode Dakwah Rasulullah SAW kepada Golongan Non Muslim di Madinah

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Dalinur M Nur

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Da'wah is a call to believe in Allah SWT, dakwah is not a special task to a particular person but to all Moslems. In delivering da'wah required various methods and strategies in order the message of da'wah is accepted to the mad'unya. At the time of Rasulullah SAW, the method of dakwah used to non-Muslims in Medina was da'wah through writing (Da'wah bil Al-Qalam. He sent messengers, who carried Islamic invitations which addressed to Heraclius (Roman Emperors, King Negus (Ruler of Ethiopia, Khusrau (Persian Ruler, and other great leaders. This is motivated by the Hudaibiyah Peace Agreement, political and theological. The contents of the Prophet's message of propaganda send to the kings was amazing, always preceded by Basmalah, some letters also include verses of the Qur'an. The composition of the sentence in the letter of the Prophet SAW always preceded the phrase "From Muhammad, the servant of Allah, and his messenger", then mention the name of the king who became the object and mention his position and power. The message by Rasulullah SAW gives persuasive value to invite kings to embrace Islam. Besides writing method Rasulullah SAW delivered dakwah to the non-Muslims in Medina was lack of coercion in embracing Islam, equality, fairness, honesty, rahmah and goodness.

Clinical treatment planning for stereotactic radiotherapy, evaluation by Monte Carlo simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kairn, T.; Aland, T.; Kenny, J.; Knight, R.T.; Crowe, S.B.; Langton, C.M.; Franich, R.D.; Johnston, P.N.

2010-01-01

Full text: This study uses re-evaluates the doses delivered by a series of clinical stereotactic radiotherapy treatments, to test the accuracy of treatment planning predictions for very small radiation fields. Stereotactic radiotherapy treatment plans for meningiomas near the petrous temporal bone and the foramen magnum (incorp rating fields smaller than I c m2) were examined using Monte Carlo simulations. Important differences between treatment planning predictions and Monte Carlo calculations of doses delivered to stereotactic radiotherapy patients are apparent. For example, in one case the Monte Carlo calculation shows that the delivery a planned meningioma treatment would spare the patient's critical structures (eyes, brainstem) more effectively than the treatment plan predicted, and therefore suggests that this patient could safely receive an increased dose to their tumour. Monte Carlo simulations can be used to test the dose predictions made by a conventional treatment planning system, for dosimetrically challenging small fields, and can thereby suggest valuable modifications to clinical treatment plans. This research was funded by the Wesley Research Institute, Australia. The authors wish to thank Andrew Fielding and David Schlect for valuable discussions of aspects of this work. The authors are also grateful to Muhammad Kakakhel, for assisting with the design and calibration of our linear accelerator model, and to the stereotactic radiation therapy team at Premion, who designed the treatment plans. Computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the HPC and Research Support Unit, QUT, Brisbane, Australia. (author)

Is Ramadan Fasting Cardio-protective? A Study in a Village of West Bengal

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Aparajita Dasgupta

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Background: Islam is the second largest religion of the World (23% and Muslims are the second largest majority of Indian Republic (14.3%. Ramadan is the ninth and holiest month(Hijra of the 12-month Islamic calendar during which Muslims fast from dawn to dusk each day maintaining certain rules (consuming food/drink once, avoiding smoking and sexual activity, as well as impure thoughts, words and immoral behavior. It is observed by Muslims as a month of fasting to commemorate the first revelation of the Qur'an to Muhammad. Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Ramadan on cardio-metabolic profile among adult Muslims residing in rural West Bengal. Methods and Materials: The present study was a longitudinal community based study done among 43 Muslims residing in a village of West Bengal during 6thJune to 7th July 2016. Cardio-metabolic profile (physical activity, diet, BMI, blood pressure, blood lipids and glucose were assessed before, during and after Ramadan. Results: There was a significant reduction in VLDL and TG level while significant elevation in HDL level along with the reduction in Framingham risk score after fasting. All the anthropometric measurements along with blood pressure reduced significantly after Ramadan with significant reduction in intake of all micro-nutrients during Ramadan. However physical activity also reduced significantly during Ramadan. Conclusion: Our study had found no detrimental effects of Ramadan fasting on the contrary has an overall beneficial effect on cardiovascular profile was observed.

Kritik atas Penafsiran Abdul Moqsith Ghazali tentang Keselamatan Non-Muslim

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Asep Setiawan

2016-11-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the interpretation of Abdul Moqsith Ghazali to al Baqarah [2]: 62 and al-Maidah [5]: 69, on the salvation of non-Muslim community according to religious pluralism. He used three methods of interpretation, which are tafsîr mauḍû’i, uṣûl al-fiqh, and hermeneutics. He said that the combination of them will produce a full understanding. Even so, the results are not as expected. Moqsith interprets the verses that seemed to support the idea of pluralism textually, until reject the interpretation of mufassirîn. He concludes that two verses above, do not explain about the obligation of Jews, Christians, and Shabiah in order to believe in Prophet Muhammad, but only explain about the obligation to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and do good deeds as defined in their holy books. Thus, according to him, the Qur’an does not only recognize religious teachings and people of other religions, however, they will be saved by God as far as they practice their religion. It is clear that the results of the interpretation of Moqsith very contradictory and not in accordance with interpretations of the Muslim scholars. Because of Moqsith’s weakness in method of interpretation, so create a partial understanding that the Qur’an legalizes religious pluralism. On the contrary, it is clear that the majority of mufassirûn did not argue that way.